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BRITISH 
COLUMBIA 

FROM  THE  EARLIEST  TIMES 
TO  THE  PRESENT 


BIOGRAPHICAL 


VOLUME  III 


THE  S.  J.  CLARKE  PUBLISHING  COMPANY 

VANCOUVER      PORTLAND      SAN  FRANCISCO      CHICAGO 
1914 


F 

5820 


V.3 


GEORGE  R.  GORDON 


BIOGRAPHICAL 


GEORGE  ROBERTSON  GORDON. 

George  Robertson  Gordon,  financial  agent  at  Vancouver,  devoting  his  time 
largely  to  his  duties  as  executor  of  several  estates  and  also  to  the  handling  of 
private  interests,  was  born  at  Goderich,  Ontario,  September  i,  1861.  His  par- 
ents, James  and  Mary  Ann  (Gordon)  Gordon,  were  both  natives  of  Ireland,  the 
former  born  in  County  Fermanagh  and  the  latter  in  County  Armagh.  The 
father  learned  the  carpenter's  trade  there  and  in  1855  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  the 
new  world,  becoming  a  resident  of  Goderich,  Ontario,  where  for  thirty-five 
years  he  conducted  business  as  a  contractor.  He  filled  the  offices  of  town 
assessor  and  building  inspector  for  a  number  of  years  and  passed  away  in  Gode- 
rich in  1892,  at  the  age  of  sixty-seven  years.  His  wife  arrived  in  Canada  in  early 
womanhood  and  they  were  married  in  Hamilton.  She  passed  away  a  number  of 
years  before  her  husband,  dying  in  1875,  at  tne  age  of  forty-two. 

At  the  usual  age  George  R.  Gordon  began  his  education  as  a  public-school 
student  in  his  native  city  and  passed  through  consecutive  grades  to  the  high 
school,  from  which  he  was  graduated  before  entering  mercantile  circles  in  1876, 
at  the  age  of  fifteen.  He  was  first  employed  as  a  clerk  in  a  general  store  in  his 
home  town,  spending  his  time  in  that  way  until  1881,  when  he  removed  west- 
ward to  Manitoba.  Owing  to  ill  health  while  in  that  province,  he  soon  returned 
to  the  east  and  remained  in  Ontario  until  1884,  when  he  located  at  Spences 
Bridge,  British  Columbia,  remaining  there  for  a  year.  In  1885  he  embarked 
in  merchandising  at  North  Bend,  British  Columbia,  in  partnership  with  E. 
Johnston,  but  in  the  spring  of  1886  sold  out  to  his  partner  and  came  to  Van- 
couver, which  was  then  a  small  and  unimportant  town,  known  as  Granville. 
Here  he  has  resided  continuously  since  and  with  the  growth  of  the  city  has  been 
closely  associated,  watching  its  development  from  early  days  and  taking  active 
part  in  its  progress.  He  began  merchandising  here  in  March,  1886,  but  was 
burned  out  by  the  fire  which  occurred  on  the  I3th  of  June  of  that  year.  Nothing 
daunted  by  this  calamity,  however,  he  secured  another  stock  of  goods  and  was 
soon  again  engaged  in  business,  in  which  he  continued  until  1900,  winning  a  sub- 
stantial measure  of  success  through  all  the  intervening  years,  for  his  trade 
increased  with  the  growth  of  the  city,  his  straightforward  and  honorable  busi- 
ness methods  securing  him  a  gratifying  patronage.  With  the  opening  year  of  the 
century  he  closed  out  his  business  and  turned  his  attention  to  other  pursuits 
becoming  secretary  of  the  Terminal  City  Building  Society,  the  City  of  Vancouver 
Building  Society  and  the  Burrard  Building  Society,  the  last  named  being  the  only 
one  of  the  three  now  in  existence.  He  resigned  his  position  as  secretary  in  1911 
and  at  the  present  time  is  executor  of  several  estates,  while  his  private  interests  also 
make  large  claim  upon  his  attention  and  energies.  He  is  the  holder  of  much 
valuable  business  and  residential  property  in  Vancouver  and  is  the  owner  of  a 
fine  farm  of  one  hundred  and  twelve  acres  at  Langley,  British  Columbia,  which 
is  devoted  to  the  production  of  fruit,  the  raising  of  stock  and  poultry  and  to 
dairy  interests,  each  branch  of  the  business  bringing  to  him  a  substantial  return. 
His  has  been  a  life  of  unfaltering  energy  and  close  application,  in  which  there 

5\ 


6  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

have  been  few  leisure  hours,  and  his  wise  utilization  of  his  time  and  talents  has 
brought  him  to  a  most  creditable  and  gratifying  position  among  the  leading  busi- 
ness men  of  the  city. 

Mr.  Gordon  was  married,  in  Clinton,  on  Cariboo  road,  British  Columbia, 
October  18,  1887,  to  Miss  Susan  E.  Mclntyre,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Anna 
(Kilpatrick)  Mclntyre,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Stewartstown,  Ireland. 
The  father  died  in  Vancouver  in  June,  1900,  at  the  age  of  eighty-three  years,  and 
Mrs.  Mclntyre  is  still  a  resident  of  this  city.  Although  now  in  her  eightieth 
year,  she  is  still  hale  and  hearty,  retains  her  faculties  unimpaired  and  is  as  alert 
and  active  as  a  person  many  years  her  junior.  Unto  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gordon  have 
been  born  two  children:  Irmgarde,  who  is  a  graduate  of  the  Vancouver  high 
school  and  the  Ontario  Ladies  College  of  Whitby;  and  Alva  Mclntyre,  who  is 
a  student  at  McGill  University. 

Mr.  Gordon  is  a  conservative  in  politics  and  has  been  an  active  and  stalwart 
advocate  of  party  principles.  He  has  voted  in  every  municipal  election  ever 
held  in  Vancouver  and  for  nine  years  he  was  a  member  of  the  school  board  of 
this  city.  He  became  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Pioneer  Society  of  Vancouver, 
of  which  he  is  now  serving  as  treasurer,  and  no  man  is  more  familiar  with  the 
history  of  development,  progress  and  improvement  here  than  he.  He  holds  mem- 
bership in  Pacific  Lodge,  No.  26,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  in  which  he  has  passed  through  all 
the  chairs,  and  was  grand  representative  to  the  sovereign  grand  lodge  in  1902-03. 
He  is  prominent  and  popular  in  the  club  circles  of  the  city,  connected  through 
membership  with  the  Canadian  and  Progress  Clubs.  Both  he  and  his  wife  are 
active  and  prominent  members  of  Wesley  Methodist  church  and  take  helpful 
interest  in  various  lines  of  church  and  charitable  work.  Mr.  Gordon  is  now  serv- 
ing as  a  member  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Ferris  Road,  Trinity  and  Dundee 
Street  .Methodist  churches.  His  wife  is  active  in  the  Ladies  Aid  Socety  of  the 
Wesley  Methodist  church,  has  been  a  member  of  the  directorate  of  the  Children's 
Aid  Society  for  six  years  and  is  active  in  the  home  work  of  that  organization.  In 
fact,  both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gordon  are  possessors  in  large  measure  of  that  broad 
humanitarian  spirit  which  reaches  out  in  helpfulness  and  kindliness  to  all,  and 
their  labors  have  done  much  toward  making  the  world  better  and  brighter  for  the 
unfortunate  ones. 


JOHN    ANDREW    LEE. 

Foremost  along  any  line  of  activity  to  which  he  gave  his  attention,  John 
Andrew  Lee  has  become  one  of  the  substantial  men  and  leading  merchants  of 
New  Westminster,  conducting  one  of  the  largest  department  stores  in  this  city 
and  being  at  the  head  of  numerous  other  important  commercial  and  financial 
institutions.  An  indication  of  the  position  he  holds  in  regard  to  business  develop- 
ment is  given  in  the  fact  that  he  serves  at  present  as  president  of  the  Board  of 
Trade  and,  moreover,  has  held  for  three  terms  the  office  of  mayor  during  a  most 
momentous  period  in  the  history  of  the  city,  promoting  and  bringing  to  realiza- 
tion such  important  measures  as  the  new  harbor  plan  and  the  survey  of  the  city. 
He  was  born  in  Mount  Forest,  Ontario,  on  February  11,  1868,  a  son  of  Samuel 
and  Marjory  (Donogh)  Lee,  the  former  a  native  of  Londonderry,  Ireland,  and 
the  latter  of  County  Sligo,  that  country.  They  were  brought  to  Canada  by  their 
respective  parents  as  boy  and  girl  and  attained  their  majority  in  Ontario,  where 
they  subsequently  married  and  located  in  York  county,  that  province,  the  father 
engaging  in  farming.  He  subsequently  turned  his  attention  to  merchandising, 
with  which  line  he  was  identified  in  later  life.  He  died  in  1883,  highly  esteemed 
and  respected  in  his  community,  his  wife  surviving  him  until  1897.  Both  were 
devout  members  of  the  Methodist  church. 

John  Andrew  Lee  received  his  education  in  the  Toronto  public  schools,  his 
course,  however,  being  cut  short,  as  he  had  to  leave  school  at  the  age  of  thirtee- 


JOHN  A.   LEE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  9 

in  order  to  earn  his  own  support.    At  that  early  age  he  secured  a  position  in  the 
dry-goods  store  of  Robert  Simpson  in  Toronto,  a  relationship  which  continued  for 
some   years.      During   that   time   he   rose   through   the   various   departments   in 
the  store  to  an  important  position,  having  at  last  charge  as  manager  of  a  branch  of 
the  business.     In  1890  he  resigned  his  position  in  order  to  come  westward  and 
test  out  the  stories  he  had  heard  about  the  greater  opportunities  of  that  region.    Go- 
ing to  San  Francisco,  California,  he  there  remained  a  little  less  than  a  year  before 
removing  to  Virginia  City,  Nevada,  where  for  nine  months  he  was  employed 
in  a  store,  when  he  was  tendered  a  position  by  Haley  &  Sutton,  the  predeces- 
sors of  Gordon  Drysdale  &  Company.     Haley  &  Sutton  were  organizing  their 
business  at  that  time  and  Mr.   Lee  took  charge  of  the  store   for  them,  this 
being  in  1891.     In  1893  the  nrm  sold  out  to  Gordon  Drysdale  &  Company  and 
Mr.  Lee  then  engaged  in  the  real-estate  and  insurance  business,  remaining  in  that 
line  for  one  year.    In  the  summer  of  1894  he  proceeded  into  the  Lillooet  coun- 
try, where  he  engaged  in  mining.     As  he  expected  to  gain  rapid  success,  he  did 
not  shun  the  hardest  of  work  and  day  by  day  set  out  with  pick  and  shovel  to  seek 
his  fortune.    However,  the  reverse  of  success  was  to  be  his,  this  venture  proving 
only  a  means  of  losing  his  savings.     With  the  coming  of  the  snow  he  came  to 
New  Westminster  to  recuperate  his  fortunes  and  accepted  a  position  with  Alex- 
ander Godfrey,  a  hardware  merchant,  as  bookkeeper,  remaining  in  this  connec- 
tion until  1896,  when  he  returned  to  San  Francisco  to  accept  a  position  in  a  dry- 
goods  house,  which  he  retained  until  1900.    That  year  marks  his  return  to  New 
Westminster  and  subsequently,  in   September,   1903,  Mr.   Lee  bought  out  the 
business  of  the  Standard  Furniture  Company,  devoting  his  attention  to  its  devel- 
opment and  upbuilding.     In  the  following  December,  however,  he  sustained  a 
heavy  loss,  his  store  being  completely  destroyed  by  fire,  but  with  his  character- 
istic spirit  of  energy  he  immediately  set  up  again  in  business,  his  new  place  being 
opened  in  May,  1904.     In  the  following  four  years  his  establishment  expanded 
rapidly  under  his  able  management  and  in  1908  he  was  forced  to  provide  larger 
quarters,  buying  at  that  time  his  present  commodious  business  block.     During 
the  years   1911   and    1912   he  added  dry  goods  and  various  other  departments 
and  has  now  one  of  the  most  modern  and  up-to-date  department  stores  in  New 
Westminster.     In  1912  the  growth  of  the  business  made  it  imperative  to  add 
another  story  to  his  building  and  he  at  the  same  time  renovated  his  place  through- 
out, instituting  numerous  conveniences  for  his  customers  and  making  his  depart- 
ment store  one  which  rivals  any  metropolitan  establishment.     An  indication  of 
the  extensive  business  done  is  given  in  the  fact  that  his  pay  roll  runs  from  eight 
hundred  to  eleven  hundred  dollars  weekly.     His  rapid  success  along  this  line  is 
entirely  attributable  to  his  innate  ability,  his  ready  understanding  of  business 
conditions  and  the  needs  of  the  public,  his  sound  judgment  and  the  honorable 
methods  which  prevail  in  the  store.     Moreover,  he  has  trained  a  force  of  em- 
ployes with  whom  it  is  a  pleasure  to  deal.     It  is  but  a  master  mind  which  in  so 
•  short  a  time  can  create  and  can  successfully  conduct  so  large  an  institution,  and 
Mr.  Lee's  ability  for  organization  is  readily  recognized  in  business  circles,  his 
services  having  been  enlisted  by  numerous  other  enterprises  which  have  largely 
benefited  thereby.    He  serves  at  present  as  president  of  the  Modern  Office  Supply 
Company  of  Vancouver  and  holds  the  same  position  in  relation  to  the  National 
Printing  &  Publishing  Company,  which  publishes  the  New  Westminster  Daily 
News   this  journal  having  largely  benefited  and  increased  in  prestige  by  his  wise 
counsel  and  direction.    He  is  also  president  and  manager  of  the  Dominion  Match 
Company  of  New  Westminster.     He  is  connected  with  other  corporations,  too 
numerous  to  mention,  holding  a  number  of  directorships  on  various  boards.     _ 

In  1897  Mr   Lee  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mildred  Major,  a  daughter 
of  C.  G.  Major,  of  New  Westminster,  and  to  them  have  been  born  two  chile 
Dorothy  Mildred  and  John  Ormsby. 

That  a  man  of  the  ability  and  characteristics  such  as  Mr.  Lee  possessess 
should  become  closely  connected  with  the  public  life  of  his  community  is  but 
natural,  and  it  may  be  said  of  him  that  along  official  lines  he  has  done  work  ot  at 


10  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

least  equal  importance.  For  three  terms,  beginning  in  1910,  he  served  as  mayor 
of  New  Westminster,  promoting  during  that  time  some  of  the  most  important 
measures  undertaken  in  the  interests  of  the  city.  He  may  be  called  the  father 
of  the  ordinance  which  provided  for  the  resurveying  of  the  city  and  it  was  he 
who  initiated  and  fostered  the  new  harbor  plan  which  will  give  to  New  West- 
minster one  of  the  finest  and  most  capacious  harbors  on  the  Pacific  coast.  His 
political  affiliation  is  with  the  conservative  party  and  his  interest  and  standing  in 
the  organization  is  evident  by  the  fact  that  he  serves  at  present  as  president  of 
the  Conservative  Association  of  British  Columbia.  He  is  also  president  of  the 
Union  of  Municipalities  of  British  Columbia  and  holds  the  same  important  posi- 
tion in  relation  to  the  Board  of  Trade,  in  which  he  always  can  be  found  in  the 
front  ranks  of  those  who  leave  no  stone  unturned  to  promote  industrial  and  com- 
mercial expansion.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Westminster  Club,  of  the  Burnaby 
Lake  Country  Club  and  the  British  Columbia  Golf  and  Country  Club  at  Coquit- 
lam,  the  two  latter  connections  giving  an  indication  of  his  means  of  recreation 
and  relaxation.  He  is  prominent  in  the  Masonic  order,  being  a  member  of  King 
Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17,  A.  F.  &  A.  M. ;  Westminster  Chapter,  R.  A.  M. ;  West- 
minster Preceptory;  and  Gizeh  Temple,  A.  A.  O.  N.  M.  S.,  of  Victoria.  To 
estimate  the  value  of  the  labors  of  Mr.  Lee  in  their  effect  upon  the  advancement 
and  development  of  New  Westminster  is  practically  impossible,  but  that  he  has 
been  among  the  foremost  forces  to  bring  about  the  present  prosperous  conditions 
is  readily  conceded  by  all.  He  is  highly  respected  and  honored  in  his  community, 
as  he  is  a  man  who  has  not  only  striven  for  individual  success  but  has  given  as 
much  time  and  thought  to  promote  general  measures  which  have  proven  of  the 
utmost  benefit  to  the  general  public. 


THOMAS  FRANK  PATERSON. 

One  of  the  successful  and  prominent  men  in  Vancouver  at  the  pres- 
ent time  and  one  whose  personality,  executive  ability  and  sound  judgment  have 
been  felt  as  forces  in  the  development  and  upbuilding  of  the  city's  commercial 
interests  is  Thomas  Frank  Paterson,  president  and  manager  of  the  Paterson  Tim- 
ber Company,  Ltd.  He  was  born  in  Thamesford,  Ontario,  on  the  i9th  of  No- 
vember, 1867,  and  is  a  son  of  Alexander  and  Agnes  Paterson,  pioneers  in  Mid- 
dlesex county,  Ontario,  and  also  early  settlers  in  Bruce  county,  in  the  same  prov- 
ince. They  have  now  for  a  number  of  years  made  their  home  m  Vancouver. 

Thomas  Frank  Paterson  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Bruce 
county  and  in  the  high  schools  at  Goderich  and  Clinton,  Ontario,  and  after  lay-' 
ing  aside  his  books  taught  in  the  schools  of  Bruce  county  from  1888  to  1892.  He 
later  attended  Guelph  Agricultural  College  and  from  that  institution  went  to 
Toronto  University,  graduating  in  1896,  with  the  degree  of  B.  S.  A.  and  receiv- 
ing the  highest  honors  in  his  class,  acting  as  valedictorian.  In  the  fall  of  1896 
he  lectured  for  the  British  Columbia  government  on  agriculture  and  upon  the 
formation  and  maintenance  of  a  series  of  farmers'  institutes  throughout  the 
province,  similar  to  those  then  in  profitable  existence  in  Ontario.  He  was  after- 
ward on  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Vancouver  World,  serving  from  1897  to  1898, 
and  in  the  fall  of  the  latter  year  purchased  a  one-third  interest  in  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Lumber  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Port  Moody.  In  1962  he  and  his  brother, 
W.  Innes  Paterson,  formed  the  Paterson  Timber  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver. 
Of  this  firm  Thomas  F.  Paterson  is  now  president  and  managing  director.  In 
association  with  his  brother,  W.  I.  Paterson,  he  also  purchased  in  1907  the  plant 
of  the  Cascade  Mills,  Ltd.,  and  he  is  also  president  of  this  concern.  In  addition 
to  this  he  is  president  and  managing  director  of  the  Terminal  Lumber  &  Shingle 
Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver.  He  is  vice  president  of  the  Burrard  Publishing 
Company,  Ltd.,  publishers  of  the  Vancouver  Sun,  and  a  director  in  the  Forest 
Mills,  Ltd.,  of  British  Columbia,  and  in  the  Colonial  Pulp  &  Paper  Company, 


THOMAS  F.  PATERSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  13 

Ltd.,  these  connections  indicating  something  of  the  scope  and  extent  of  his 
interests  and  of  his  high  standing  in  business  circles  of  the  community. 

On  the  ist  of  October,  1902,  Mr.  Paterson  married,  in  New  Westminster, 
British  Columbia,  Miss  Mary  Olive  Tait,  a  daughter  of  the  late  T.  B.  and  Eva 
Tait,  the  former  at  one  time  a  prominent  lumberman  in  Burks  Falls,  Ontario, 
where  he  controlled  the  business  operated  by  the  T.  B.  Tait  Lumber  Company. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Paterson  have  four  children,  Evelyn,  Gladys,  Ethelwyn  and  Phyllis. 

Mr.  Paterson  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  fraternally  is  affili- 
ated with  the  Masonic  order  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  He 
is  a  liberal  in  his  political  beliefs  and  is  affiliated  with  the  Vancouver  Commer- 
cial Club,  being  ready  at  all  times  to  cooperate  in  any  movement  for  the  promo- 
tion of  the  commercial  growth  of  the  city.  He  has  resided  in  British  Columbia 
for  the  past  sixteen  years  and  has  been  during  most  of  that  time  one  of  the  great 
individual  forces  in  the  business  development  of  Vancouver,  for  the  influence 
of  his  personality  and  his  unusual  ability  have  been  felt  as  a  community  asset 
as  well  as  a  factor  in  his  individual  prosperity.  He  holds  the  respect  of  his 
business  associates,  the  warm  regard  of  his  friends  and  the  confidence  and  esteem 
of  all  who  are  in  any  way  associated  with  him. 


JAMES  FORD  GARDEN. 

James  Ford  Garden,  a  widely  known  representative  of  the  profession  of  civil 
engineering,  practicing  in  Vancouver,  where  he  has  also  other  interests  of  a 
varied  nature  has  made  his  home  in  this  province  since  1886.  He  is  a  native 
of  Woodstock,  New  Brunswick,  born  February  19,  1847,  and  is  a  son  of  H.  M. 
G.  and  E.  Jane  (Gale)  Garden,  representatives  of  old  United  Empire  Loyalist 
families.  In  1894  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil 
Engineers.  Mr.  Garden,  who  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  Intelligence  Corps  in  the 
Northwest  rebellion  in  1875  was  wounded  at  Batoche,  and  received  a  medal.  He 
is  likewise  much  interested  in  the  political  situation  of  the  country  and  with 
local  interests  and  in  1898  was  elected  mayor  of  Vancouver  for  a  three  years' 
term.  In  his  political  affiliation  he  is  a  conservative  and  sat  for  Vancouver  City 
in  the  local  legislature  from  1900  until  1909.  In  the  former  year  he  unsuccess- 
fully contested  Vancouver  for  a  seat  in  the  house  of  commons  at  the  general 
election.  His  religious  belief  is  that  of  the  Anglican  church. 


GEORGE  EDWARD  TROREY. 

George  Edward  Trorey,  who  has  been  engaged  in  the  jewelry  business  at 
Vancouver  for  a  period  covering  two  decades,  now  conducts  the  third  largest 
jewelry  establishment  in  Canada  as  managing  director  of  the  Vancouver  branch 
of  the' firm  of  Henry  Birks  &  Sons.  His  birth  occurred  at  Niagara  Falls,  On- 
tario, Canada,  on  the  22d  of  March,  1861,  and  in  the  public  schools  of  that  place 
he  acquired  his  education.  After  putting  aside  his  text-books  he  was  apprenticed 
to  John  England,  of  Niagara  Falls,  to  learn  the  trade  of  watchmaker  and  jeweler 
and  remained  with  that  gentleman  for  about  six  years.  On  the  expiration  of 
that  period  he  went  to  Meaford,  Ontario,  and  there  followed  the  trade  of 
watchmaker  for  two  years.  Making  his  way  to  Toronto,  he  there  worked  at  his 
trade  in  charge  of  the  watch  repairing  department  of  the  firm  of  C.  &  J.  Allen. 
In  1886  he  embarked  in  business  on  his  own  account  as  a  retail  jeweler  of  To- 
ronto, remaining  in  that  city  until  February,  1893,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver. 
Here  he  successfully  continued  in  business  until  1907,  when  he  amalgamated  his 
interests  with  those  of  Henry  Birks  &  Sons  of  Montreal,  becoming  managing  di- 


14  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

rector  of  the  Vancouver  branch,  which  office  he  has  held  to  the  present  time. 
When  he  began  business  at  Vancouver  in  February,  1893,  he  had  a  very  small 
store  on  Cordova  street  and  one  assistant.  The  success  which  attended  his  efforts 
is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  when  he  joined  forces  with  Henry  Birks  &  Sons  he 
was  already  established  in  his  present  location  and  had  about  thirty-five  em- 
ployes. He  now  conducts  the  third  largest  jewelry  business  in  Canada  and  the 
largest  west  of  Toronto,  furnishing  employment  to  more  than  one  hundred  people. 
The  business  of  Henry  Birks  was  founded  in  Montreal  in  March,  1879,  and  con- 
ducted in  a  very  small  store  at  No.  224  St.  James  street.  In  1893  Mr.  Birks 
admitted  his  three  sons  to  a  partnership  and  the  enterprise  has  since  been  known 
as  Henry  Birks  &  Sons,  under  which  style  stores  are  conducted  at  Montreal, 
Toronto,  Ottawa,  Winnipeg  and  Vancouver.  As  managing  director  of  the  Van- 
couver branch  Mr.  Trorey  has  demonstrated  his  executive  ability  and  sound  busi- 
ness sense,  and  the  success  which  has  come  to  him  is  indeed  well  merited. 


ROBERT  KERR  HOULGATE. 

In  financial  and  industrial  circles  the  name  of  Robert  Kerr  Houlgate,  of  Van- 
couver, is  well  known  and  his  business  is  of  an  extensive  and  important  character. 
He  was  born  at  Whitehaven,  England,  September  n,  1868,  and  is  a  son  of  William 
and  Jessie  <M.  (Kerr)  Houlgate.  The  father  was  a  banker  of  Whitehaven,  re- 
maining for  about  half  a  century  as  manager  of  the  Cumberland  Union  Bank  of 
that  place,  his  labors  in  that  connection  being  terminated  by  his  death  in  1903.  He 
was  for  many  years  a  captain  in  the  volunteer  artillery  and  held  many  positions 
of  trust  and  honor  of  a  public  or  semi-public  character.  In  fact,  he  was  one  of  the 
leading  and  influential  residents  of  his  community,  his  worth  and  ability  being 
widely  acknowledged. 

Robert  K.  Houlgate  was  educated  at  Ghyll  Bank  College,  at  Whitehaven,  Eng- 
land, and  throughout  his  entire  life  has  been  more  or  less  closely  connected  with 
financial  interests.  When  his  text-books  were  laid  aside  he  entered  the  employ  of 
the  Cumberland  Union  Bank  at  Whitehaven  in  the  capacity  of  clerk  and  was  ad- 
vanced through  various  grades  in  that  bank  and  other  financial  institutions  until 
1894,  when  he  became  manager  of  the  London  City  and  Midland  Bank,  Limited, 
at  Morley,  Yorkshire,  England.  He  continued  there  until  1898,  when  he  came  to 
Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  to  accept  the  position  of  assistant .  manager  for 
British  Columbia  of  the  Yorkshire  Guarantee  and  Securities  Corporation,  Lim- 
ited, of  Huddersfield,  England.  Within  the  year  he  became  manager  and  so  con- 
tinues to  the  present  time,  controlling  and  directing  the  important  interests  of  that 
company  in  this  province.  This  corporation  which  is  capitalized  for  two  million, 
five  hundred  thousand  dollars,  established  its  branch  in  Vancouver  in  1890.  They 
are  a  mortgage  company  and  do  a  general  financial  and  investment  business,  buy 
and  sell  municipal  bonds,  manage  estates  and  act  as  trustees  and  executors.  They 
also  buy  and  sell  for  clients  vacant  and  improved  properties  in  Vancouver.  Vic- 
toria and  New  Westminster.  In  1908  Mr.  Houlgate  as  manager  of  the  Yorkshire 
Guarantee  and  Securities  Corporation,  Limited,  became  general  agent  for  British 
Columbia  for  the  Yorkshire  Insurance  Company,  Limited,  of  York,  England,  rep- 
resenting fire,  employers'  liability,  accident,  plate  glass  and  live-stock  insurance  and 
so  continues  to  date.  Mr.  Houlgate  is  also  general  investment  agent  for  the  com- 
pany in  the  province  and  in  this  connection  he  is  conducting  a  large  and  rapidly 
growing  business.  They  have  extensive,  safe  and  conservative  investments  in  the 
province  which  Mr.  Houlgate  has  placed  for  them.  He  is  also  agent  for  the  Home 
Insurance  Company  of  New  York,  representing  fire  and  automobile  insurance; 
agent  for  the  Vancouver  Land  and  Improvement  Company,  Limited;  the  Van- 
couver Land  and  Securities  Corporation,  Limited;  the  estate  of  Isaac  Robinson; 
the  estate  of  Town  and  Robinson,  and  also  has  other  financial  interests.  He  is 
likewise  president  of  the  Mainland  Transfer  Company  of  Vancouver  and  of  the 


ROBERT  K.  HOULGATE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  17 

Pacific  May-Oatway  Fire  Alarms,  Limited,  of  Vancouver.  He  is  also  an  officer 
of  a  number  of  corporations  subsidiary  to  the  Yorkshire  Guarantee  and  Securi- 
ties Corporation,  Limited,  and  he  has  valuable  real-estate  holdings.  What  he  has 
undertaken  and  successfully  accomplished  places  him  among  the  foremost 
financiers  and  business  men  of  the  province  and  his  efforts  have  been  of  a 
character  which  have  promoted  public  prosperity  as  well  as  individual  success. 

Mr.  Houlgate  has  taken  an  active  part  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  growth 
and  development  of  Vancouver  and  British  Columbia  since  coming  to  the  new 
world.  He  is  interested  in  everything  pertaining  to  civic  welfare  and  his  efforts 
have  been  resultant  factors  along  many  lines  of  benefit  to  his  adopted  city.  He 
was  a  director  of  the  old  Tourist's  Association,  which  was  absorbed  into  the 
Progress  Club  and  which  did  much  for  Vancouver,  exploiting  its  resources  and 
advantages  and  making  known  its  opportunities  and  its  possibilities.  His  pub- 
licity work  has  been  resultant  and  Vancouver  has  every  reason  to  number  him 
among  her  builders  and  promoters. 

On  the  3 ist  of  January,  1906,  Mr.  Houlgate  was  married  in  Vancouver  to 
Miss  Mabel  G.  Willox,  a  native  of  Herne  Bay,  England,  and  a  daughter  of  Thomas 
and  Mary  Willox.  In  politics  Mr.  Houlgate  is  a  conservative  but  not  an  active 
party  worker.  He  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  and  Vancouver  Royal  Yacht  Clubs  of 
Vancouver,  the  Westminster  Club  at  New  Westminster,  the  Union  Club  of  Vic- 
toria and  the  United  Empire  Club  of  London,  England.  It  is  an  acknowledged 
fact  that  he  occupies  a  central  place  on  the  stage  of  business  activity  and  all  con- 
cede that  merit  has  won  him  the  laurels  which  he  has  gained. 


HENRY  ALFRED  EASTMAN. 

Not  only  has  Henry  Alfred  Eastman  played  an  important  part  in  the  de- 
velopment of  New  Westminster  as  director  of  the  F.  J.  Hart  Company,  Ltd., 
and  of  the  Western  Home  &  Improvement  Company,  Ltd.,  but  was  a  dominant 
factor  in  the  development  of  the  Fraser  river  valley  in  the  early  days  when  he 
drove  many  farmers  from  the  east  through  this  section,  demonstrating  the  feasi- 
bility of  its  agricultural  riches  and  giving  proof  of  the  suitability  of  the  land  for 
cultivation.  Most  of  the  men  who  first  came  to  this  region  labored  under  the 
impression  that  for  nine  months  or  more  of  the  year  continuous  rains  effectively 
prevented  successful  agriculture  and  it  was  he  who  drove  these  doubters  through 
the  countryside,  convincing  them  of  the  advantages  which  could  be  gained  here. 
Many  a  day  while  thus  engaged  he  drove  from  twenty-five  to  forty  miles  per 
day  and  it  may  be  said  of  him  that  there  has  been  no  man  who  has  done  more 
in  bringing  settlers  to  the  Fraser  river  valley  than  Mr.  Eastman. 

Born  in  Stormont  county,  Ontario,  on  December  15,  1856,  Henry  Alfred 
Eastman  is  a  son  of  Alva  Schofield  and  Sarah  (Johnstone)  Eastman,  the  father 
having  been  born  in  the  same  house  as  his  son  Henry  A.  The  grandfather, 
Benjamin  Eastman,  crossed  the  border  from  Connecticut  to  the  Dominion  as  a 
refugee  on  account  of  the  breaking  out  of  the  War  for  Independence,  and  the 
mother  was  born  on  the  farm  adjoining  the  Eastman  homestead  in  Ontario. 
Both  father  and  mother  passed  their  entire  lives  in  that  province. 

Henry  Alfred  Eastman  was  reared  at  home  amid  influences  conducive  to  the 
development  of  the  highest  qualities  of  manhood,  early  haying  instilled  into  his 
youthful  consciousness  lessons  concerning  the  value  of  thrift,  diligence,  honesty 
and  modesty.  In  the  acquirement  of  his  education  he  attended  the  common 
schools  of  the  neighborhood  and  Belleville  College  at  Belleville  City,  Ontario,  work- 
ing, however,  previous  to  his  college  course,  in  a  general  store  at  Mille  Roches, 
that  province,  and  accepting,  after  completing  his  studies,  a  position  in  a  retail 
grocery  house  in  Toronto.  Four  years  later  he  was  offered  and  accepted  a  posi- 
tion as  foreman  and  wholesale  salesman  in  the  wholesale  grocery  house  of 
Kinnear  &  Lang,  with  whom  he  remained  for  two  years,  at  the  end  of  which 


18  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

time  he  engaged  independently  in  the  retail  grocery  business  under  the  firm 
name  of  H.  A.  Eastman  &  Company,  in  Toronto,  and  was  for  thirteen  years 
prominently  and  successfully  identified  with  the  grocery  business  in  that  city. 
Disposing  of  his  interests  he  sought  the  opportunities  of  the  west  and  on  April 
3,  1891,  arrived  in  Vancouver,  but  two  months  later  he  came  to  New  Westminster 
where  he  engaged  in  the  brokerage  business  with  others  under  the  firm  style  of 
E.  H.  Port  &  Company,  remaining  in  that  connection  until  three  years  later, 
when  the  association  was  dissolved.  In  1896  he  identified  himself  with  F.  J. 
Hart  &  Company,  Ltd.,  with  which  concern  he  has  since  been  connected.  He  is 
director  of  this  important  organization  and  holds  a  similar  office  in  connection 
with  the  Western  Home  &  Improvement  Company,  Ltd.  His  executive  ability 
and  business  capacity  have  found  a  wide  scope  in  these  important  connections 
and  the  thriving  conditions  which  both  firms  enjoy  are  in  no  small  way  due  to 
the  effective  work  of  Mr.  Eastman. 

In  the  city  of  Toronto,  in  1880,  Mr.  Eastman  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Fannie  Russell,  by  whom  he  has  six  children:  Bessie  Gray,  the  wife  of  Henry 
J.  Byrnes,  a  farmer  of  Langley  Prairie ;  William  Russell,  residing  in  San  Diego, 
California;  Emma  Gertrude,  who  married  Thomas  D.  Curtis,  a  building  con- 
tractor of  New  Westminster ;  Grace  Irene,  the  wife  of  Rupert  Haggan,  Dominion 
and  provincial  land  surveyor  at  Quesnel,  British  Columbia ;  Edwin  Fraser,  senior 
member  of  the  firm  of  Eastman  &  Wahnsley,  brokers ;  and  Edna  Sarah,  still 
at  home. 

Mr.  Eastman  and  his  family  are  devoted  members  of  the  Church  of  England. 
As  a  member  of  the  New  Westminster  Board  of  Trade  he  associates  with  those 
men  who  have  at  heart  the  real  progress  of  the  city  and  are  ever  ready  to  give 
their  support  to  enterprises  which  give  promise  of  permanent  value.  He  is  also 
a  member  of  the  Westminster  Club  and  the  Westminster  Progressive  Association. 
Fraternally  he  is  connected  with  St.  George's  Lodge  of  the  Grand  Registry  of 
Canada,  and  belongs  also  to  Lewis  Lodge,  No.  57,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  While  he  has 
never  cared  for  public  position  he  has  in  a  private  capacity  done  much  toward 
material  growth  and  is  ever  ready  to  uphold  such  measures  as  will  promote  in- 
tellectual and  moral  progress.  He  is  highly  respected  and  esteemed  in  the  city 
not  only  for  the  substantial  position  he  has  attained  among  its  citizens  but  as 
much  for  those  qualities  of  his  character  which  have  made  possible  his  success — 
a  success  which  lies  as  much  in  civic  righteousness  as  in  financial  independence. 


WILLIAM  CHARLES. 

William  Charles,  Pacific  coast  pioneer,  Hudson's  Bay  Company  factor,  scholar, 
artist,  prominent  figure  in  the  early  history  of  British  Columbia  and  one  of  the 
"trail  blazers"  who  marked  the  way  for  later  civilization  and  development,  was 
a  native  of  Scotland,  born  at  Inverleith  Row,  Edinburgh,  March  5,  1831,  the  son 
of  John  Charles,  one  of  the  early  factors  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company. 

William  Charles  was  educated  at  Hill  Street  School  and  Edinburgh  University, 
having  there  laid  the  foundation  of  a  later  broad  education  and  a  culture  which 
was  characteristic  of  the  man  throughout  his  subsequent  career. 

He  came  to  the  Pacific  coast  from  Edinburgh  by  way  of  Panama  in  1852,  and 
was  for  a  time  in  the  employ  of  Breck  &  Ogden  of  Portland,  Oregon,  and  two 
years  later,  or  in  1854,  entered  the  service  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company.  He 
was  stationed  at  different  times  at  old  Fort  Vancouver  on  the  Columbia  River, 
Fort  Hall,  Utah,  and  at  Fort  Boise.  He  was  transferred  to  Victoria  in  1858  and 
was  subsequently  in  charge  of  Fort  Hope,  Fort  Yale  and  Fort  Kamloops. 

In  1874  he  was  promoted  to  the  grade  of  chief  factor  and  placed  in  charge 
of  the  Victoria  establishment.  He  is  mentioned  very  kindly  by  Bancroft,  the 
historian  of  the  Pacific  coast,  for  having  contributed  much  valuable  data  respect- 
ing Oregon  and  British  Columbia,  and  his  name  also  appears  frequently  in  the 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  21 

old  Hudson's  Bay  correspondence,  which  has  been  collected  and  preserved  in 
the  British  Columbia  Provincial  Library. 

Later,  in  1874,  he  was  made  inspecting  chief  factor  of  the  western  department, 
an  important  post,  including  in  its  jurisdiction  all  the  Hudson's  Bay  establish- 
ments in  and  west  of  the  Rocky  mountains,  retaining  this  position  up  to  the 
time  of  his  retirement  in  1885,  thereafter  residing  permanently  in  Victoria  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  May  21,  1903,  in  his  seventy-third  year. 
He  was  of  the  old  stock  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  dating  far  back  in 
the  history  of  that  remarkable  and  powerful  organization.  As  before  mentioned, 
his  father  was  a  chief  factor,  having  been  identified  with  the  company's  opera- 
tions in  Rupert's  Land.  His  name  appears  among  the  members  of  the  Hudson's 
Bay  councils,  which  may  properly  be  regarded  as  "fur  trading  parliaments," — at 
Red  River  in  1835  and  1839,  and  again  at  Norway  House  in  1840,  at  the  first 
of  which  the  late  Duncan  Finlayson  presided,  and  at  the  latter  two  of  which 
Sir  George  Simpson  was  the  presiding  officer.  It  is  also  affirmed  that  his  mother 
and  William  Charles'  grandmother,  was  the  daughter  of  one  of  the  high  offi- 
cials at  Fort  York  or  Churchill  on  Hudson's  Bay  at  the  time  of  the  French 
invasion,  at  which  time  she  was  taken  a  prisoner  to  France  but  subsequently 
released. 

Although  William  Charles  did  not  participate  prominently  in  public  affairs 
and  was  comparatively  unknown  to  the  younger  generation,  to  those  who  knew 
him  well  in  early  days  and  who  had  business  or  social  intercourse  with  him,  he 
appealed  most  strongly,  and  the  warm  ties  of  friendship  were  never  broken. 

His  name  was  a  synonym  for  honor  and  personal  integrity.  In  his  official 
capacity,  his  duties  were  performed  with  that  competency  and  conscientious- 
ness which  constituted  the  character  of  the  man,  bringing  to  both  his  business 
and  social  activities  acute  intelligence  and  wide  knowledge. 

He  was  a  man  of  fine  artistic  taste,  and  many  of  his  sketches  portrayed,  not 
only  the  promise  of  high  accomplishment  as  an  artist,  but  illustrate  in  an  origin- 
ally clever  way  the  many  phases  of  fur  trading  life  of  the  frontier  wilds.  He 
was  a  close  student  and  wide  reader,  with  a  fondness  for  natural  science,  with 
a  particular  liking  for  natural  history,  and  owned  one  of  the  most  carefully 
selected  libraries  in  the  province.  Had  he  been  so  disposed  he  could  have  left 
very  interesting  historical  and  literary  reminiscences,  but  like  so  many  of  his 
contemporaries  who  were  so  splendidly  equipped  by  mentality,  education  and 
experience,  owing  to  the  more  practical  turn  which  trading  life  gave,  he  was 
indifferent  to  the  opportunities  which  lay  before  him  in  that  direction,  and  on 
account  of  which  all  students  of  western  pioneer  life  must  deeply  regret.  As 
a  man,  however,  he  preferred  a  life  of  quiet  retirement,  whose  allegiance  was 
to  his  old  friends,  endeared  to  them  as  he  was  by  sterling  qualities  of  heart  and 
mind. 

Physically,  he  was  in  his  prime,  vigorous,  powerful,  capable,  of  great  endur- 
ance and  wonderful  feats  of  travel  which  seem  almost  unbelievable  in  this  day  of 
modern  facilities.  In  talking  of  the  hardships  of  reaching  the  Yukon,  he  used 
to  laugh  at  the  stories  of  some  of  the  "tenderfeet"  of  later  days.  On  one 
occasion  while  at  Fort  Vancouver  upon  the  arrival  of  a  ship  he  was  ordered  to 
report  to  Fort  York,  and  on  four  days'  notice  undertook  the  journey  going  up 
the  Columbia  river,  past  the  present  site  of  Revelstoke,  thence  up  the  Canoe 
river  and  through  Yellowhead  Pass,  out  to  the  plains,  whence  he  took  the  Sas- 
katchewan, and  so  on  to  his  journey's  end.  These  were  the  common,  and  not 
the  uncommon  experiences  of  the  rugged  life  led  by  Hudson's  Bay  men,  which 
few  men  would  undertake  or  undergo  at  the  present  day  with  improved  modes 
of  travel. 

On  October  3,  1859,  Mr-  Charles  married  Mary  Ann  Birnie,  a  native  of 
Astoria,  Oregon,  and  a  daughter  of  James  Birnie,  at  one  time  identified  with  the 
Hudson's  Bay  Company,  but  subsequently  severed  his  connection  and  took  up 
government  land  on  the  Columbia  river  at  Cathlamet,  Oregon,  where  he  de- 
voted the  remainder  of  his  life,  and  died  on  the  farm  thus  established. 


22  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Mr.  Charles  was  survived  by  Mrs.  Charles,  two  daughters  and  a  son:  Mrs. 
Eberts,  wife  of  the  Hon.  David  M.  Eberts,  K.  C.,  former  attorney  general  of 
British  Columbia;  Mrs.  Worsfold,  wife  of  C.  Worsfold,  superintendent  of  the 
Dominion  public  works  department  at  New  Westminster ;  and  William  B.  Charles, 
of  Kamloops,  British  Columbia. 

Mrs.  Charles  possesses  to  a  remarkable  degree  those  charming  traits  of  mind 
and  character  with  which  her  husband  was  so  liberally  endowed  and  which 
endeared  them  both  to  their  hosts  of  friends.  Her  social  life,  while  most 
unostentatious,  is  a  pleasure  and  a  joy  to  both  her  friends  and  to  herself.  Mr. 
Charles'  death  marked  the  parting  of  another  link  in  the  chain  of  hardy  pioneers 
whose  lives  and  work  unite  the  past  with  the  present  and  whose  sterling  integrity, 
industry  and  faith  in  the  future,  contributed  so  much  to  the  present  well-being 
and  prosperity  of  the  province  of  British  Columbia  and  added  so  much  of  credit 
to  its  history. 


GEORGE  JOHN  HAMMOND. 

George  John  Hammond  is  president  of  the  Natural  Resources  Security  Com- 
pany, Ltd.,  and  as  such  is  active  among  those  who  have  been  exploiting  the 
interests  and  opportunities  of  this  great  and  growing  western  country.  His 
efforts  have  been  resultant  in  the  upbuilding  of  various  districts  in  British  Colum- 
bia and  he  brings  to  his  task  the  most  enterprising  business  methods,  guided  by 
sound  judgment  and  keen  discernment.  He  was  born  January  15,  1866,  at  Port 
Dover,  Ontario,  his  parents  being  Edward  and  Priscilla  (Long)  Hammond.  The 
father  came  of  English  ancestry  while  the  mother's  people  were  of  United 
Empire  Loyalist  stock  from  Virginia.  In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city 
the  son  pursued  his  education  and  crossed  the  threshold  of  the  business  world  as 
a  drug  clerk  at  Port  Dover,  Ontario,  while  later  he  was  employed  in  a  similar 
capacity  at  Hagersville,  Ontario.  He  next  became  station  agent  at  different 
points  along  the  Canadian  Southern  Railway  and  from  1882  until  1884  was 
train  dispatcher  for  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway  Company  at 
Milwaukee,  Wisconsin.  On  leaving  that  service  he  entered  the  employ  of  the 
Western  Union  Telegraph  and  Postal  Telegraph  Cable  Companies  which  he  rep- 
resented from  1884  until  1890.  Through  the  succeeding  decade  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  St.  Louis  (Mo.)  Board  of  Trade  and  of  the  Merchants  Exchange  and 
following  his  removal  to  Minneapolis  in  1900  he  engaged  in  the  brokerage  busi- 
ness in  Minneapolis  and  St.  Paul  for  six  years. 

Mr.  Hammond  arrived  in  British  Columbia  in  1906  and  has  since  been  iden- 
tified with  projects  and  business  enterprises  which  have  had  much  to  do  with 
the  development  and  upbuilding  of  the  northwest.  From  1907  until  1909  he 
was  the  vice  president  of  the  Kootenai  Orchard  Association  at  Nelson,  British 
Columbia,  and  is  still  one  of  its  stockholders.  The  latter  year  the  Natural  Re- 
sources Security  Company  was  organized  and  Mr.  Hammond  was  appointed 
president  and  managing  director,  which  offices  he  still  holds.  The  name  indi- 
cates something  of  the  nature  and  scope  of  his  business  and  in  this  connection 
Mr.  Hammond  is  indeed  proving  a  factor  in  the  development  of  this  section  of 
the  country.  In  1909  he  became  the  founder  of  the  city  of  Fort  George,  British 
Columbia,  which  he  believes  is  destined  to  become  one  of  the  largest  cities  in  the 
west  because  of  its  favorable  location  and  the  many  natural  resources  of  that 
part  of  the  country.  He  is  now  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Fort  George  Board 
of  Trade  and  is  also  a  member  of  the  Fort  George  Club.  He  is  likewise  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Vancouver  Board  of  Trade  and  cooperates  in  all  of  its  projects  and 
plans  for  the  promotion  of  municipal  interests. 

On  the  1 3th  of  March,  1906,  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie,  Ontario,  Mr.  Hammond 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Margaret  Cameron,  a  daughter  of  James  T.  and 
Mary  F.  Cameron,  Scotch  Highlanders  from  Prince  Edward  Island.  Mr.  and 


GEORGE  J.  HAMMOND 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  25 

Mrs.  Hammond  have  one  child,  Robert  Cameron  Howard.  The  political  faith 
of  Mr.  Hammond  is  that  of  the  conservative  party  and  his  religious  belief  is  that 
of  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  belongs  to  the  Progress  Club  of  Vancouver 
and  enjoys  its  social  features  as  well  as  its  carefully  planned  efforts  to  promote 
the  city's  interests.  His  life  has  ever  been  actuated  by  the  spirit  of  advancement 
and  with  a  nature  that  could  not  be  content  with  mediocrity  he  has  steadily  worked 
his  way  upward,  utilizing  the  means  at  hand  and  carving  out  a  road  for  him- 
self to  success  even  if  the  path  of  opportunity  seemed  closed  at  times. 


ROBERT  GEORGE  MACPHERSON. 

As  public  servant,  as  legislator  and  as  merchant,  Vancouver  knows  Robert 
George  Macpherson,  who  at  present  serves  in  the  office  of  postmaster,  and  in 
this  trifold  capacity  is  one  whose  ambition  and  ability  have  carried  him  beyond 
the  ranks  of  mediocrity  and  placed  him  in  a  position  of  leadership.  Well  known 
in  Vancouver  on  account  of  his  active  and  resultant  efforts  along  political  lines 
and  a  prominent  representative  of  the  city's  commercial  interests,  he  was  born 
in  Erin,  Wellington  county,  Ontario,  January  28,  1866.  The  grandfather,  Hugh 
Macpherson,  was  a  native  of  the  island  of  Islay  off  the  west  coast  of  Scotland, 
who  in  1858  decided  to  emigrate  to  Canada  and  grow  up  with  the  virgin 
country  in  the  enjoyment  of  the  opportunities  to  be  opened  up,  and  crossed 
the  Atlantic,  coming  to  Waterloo  county.  His  son,  Archibald  Macpherson, 
was  born  on  the  native  isle  which  saw  his  father's  birth  and  accompanied 
his  parents  to  the  new  world.  Many  members  of  the  family  rendered  distin- 
guished service  as  teachers  of  the  young  and  Archibald  Macpherson  made  that 
profession  his  life  work.  His  wife  before  her  marriage  was  Jeannette  Hall,  a 
native  of  Wellington  county,  where  their  marriage  was  celebrated  and  where 
our  subject  was  afterward  born.  Archibald  Macpherson  was  a  devoted  champion 
to  the  cause  of  education  and  the  development  of  the  school  system  of  the  dis- 
trict in  which  he  taught  was  largely  promoted  by  him  and  his  labors  were  a 
valuable  factor  in  its  intellectual  progress.  In  1891  he  passed  away  in  his  fifty- 
fourth  year,  being  survived  by  his  widow.  Two  of  their  children  subsequentlv 
came  to  British  Columbia,  namely:  Robert  George,  of  this  review;  and  Mrs. 
F.  R.  McD.  Russell,  who  is  mentioned  on  another  page  of  this  work  in  con- 
nection with  the  sketch  of  her  husband. 

Robert  George  Macpherson  was  reared  amid  the  refining  influence  of  a 
well-to-do  home  and  under  the  able  guidance  of  his  father  and  mother.  He  at- 
tended in  the  acquirement  of  his  education  the  Arthur  public  school  and  com- 
plemented his  education  by  a  course  at  Gait  Collegiate  Institute.  Early  in  life 
he  became  connected  with  the  drug  business,  gaining  a  comprehensive  knowl- 
edge of  that  trade  and  being  connected  therewith  at  New  Westminster  from 
1888  to  1895.  He  was  president  of  the  British  Columbia  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation. Since  1909  he  has  been  postmaster  of  Vancouver  and  has  displayed  re- 
markable ability  as  an  organizer  and  executive  in  this  position  as  he  has  had  to 
meet  the  tremendously  fast  growing  business  his  office  has  had  to  handle  in  con- 
nection with  the  fast  extending  trade  interests  of  the  city.  His  work  in  this 
capacity  has  been  exemplary  and  all  the  departments  of  the  institution  have 
been  so  thoroughly  organized  by  him  that  there  has  never  been  a  hitch  in 
handling  the  enormous  volume  of  mail  expeditiously. 

In  1890  Mr.  Macpherson  was  married  to  Susan  Van  Aken,  who  was  born  at 
Coldwater,  Michigan,  and  they  have  three  children,  Brita,  Bessie  and  Archie, 
all  of  whom  were  born  in  British  Columbia.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Macpherson  are  de- 
voted members  of  St.  John's  Presbyterian  church,  to  which  organization  they 
give  their  moral  and  material  support. 

Mr.  Macpherson  is  a  stanch  liberal  in  his  political  affiliations,  was  honorary 
president  of  Vancouver  Liberal  Club,  and  has  always  deeply  concerned  himself 


26  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

with  questions  of  public  importance  touching  the  interests  of  the  political  life 
of  the  Dominion,  his  province  or  his  city  and  also  social  aspects.  On  the  4th 
of  February,  1903,  he  found  recognition  of  his  public  spirit  by  election  to  the 
parliament  of  the  Dominion  as  representative  of  the  city  of  Vancouver  and  was 
active  on  the  floor  of  the  house  and  connected  with  much  constructive  legislation. 
He  served  on  a  number  of  important  committees  and  took  part  in  all  matters 
that  came  before  the  house  during  those  sessions,  doing  all  in  his  power  to 
promote  the  interests  of  his  province  and  secure  legislation  favorable  to  the  dis- 
trict which  had  honored  him  with  election.  His  labors  in  that  direction  resulted 
materially  and  his  services  found  recognition  in  his  reelection  on  the  4th  of 
November,  1904,  by  a  large  majority  for  a  term  of  five  years,  in  which  period 
of  time  he  has  labored  assiduously  and  painstakingly  to  bring  about  such  measures 
as  would  be  of  the  greatest  benefit  to  the  greatest  number.  He  was  strongly 
anti-Asiatic  and  a  free  trader  in  the  house  of  commons.  In  view  of  the  fact  that 
he  is  now  postmaster  he  has  no  longer  any  party  affiliations.  His  fraternal  re- 
lations are  with  Mount  Herman  Lodge,  No.  7,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity,  and  he  also  belongs  to  the  Knights  of  Pythias.  He  is  honorary  presi- 
dent of  the  Vancouver  Lacrosse  Club;  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Vancouver 
Canadian  Club  and  is  a  frequent  contributor  to  Canadian  magazines.  His  recre- 
ation consists  of  reading,  walking,  shooting  and  fishing. 

Being  attracted  to  British  Columbia  by  its  wonderful  business  opportunities, 
he  has  attained  a  distinguished  place  in  its  commercial  circles  and  has  gained 
distinct  commendation  in  connection  with  the  discharge  of  the  duties  of  his 
office,  in  which  he  has  won  the  most  favorable  criticism.  Active  and  aggressive, 
he  is  yet  sufficiently  conservative  to  weigh  carefully  any  new  idea  or  any  new 
system  before  putting  it  in  operation  and  he  has  seldom  made  a  step  in  a  false 
direction  along  any  line  of  endeavor.  Privately  he  is  a  man  kindly,  pleasant  of 
manner,  jovial  and  approachable.  He  is  ever  ready  to  receive  just  complaints 
and  tries  to  alleviate  difficulties  where  they  arise  promptly.  Although  his  office 
naturally  makes  every  moment  of  his  time  costly,  he  is  ever  ready  to  listen  to 
even  the  least  of  the  many  employes  who  work  under  him,  should  they  have  a 
personal  grievance  or  should  they  desire  to  place  before  him  a  new  idea  for  the 
betterment  of  the  service.  He  takes  a  deep  interest  in  the  history  of  the  Pacific 
coast  and  in  particular  of  that  of  British  Columbia  and  is  justly  proud  of  the 
valuable  collection  of  books  which  he  has  gathered  here  and  there  wherever  the 
opportunity  offered,  in  relation  to  this  subject.  His  collection  on  the  North 
Pacific  is  most  complete  including  old  histories,  such  as  Cook's  discoveries,  Van- 
couver's discoveries  and  Simpson's  discoveries.  A  capable  public  servant,  he  is 
naturally  widely  known  and  there  is  none  who  has  ever  come  in  contact  with 
him  who  does  not  readily  give  him  unqualified  and  high  regard. 


HENRY  S.  ROWLING. 

Henry  S.  Rowling,  president  and  managing  director  of  the  Vancouver  Real 
Estate  Company,  has  been  successfully  engaged  in  the  real-estate  business  at  Van- 
couver for  the  past  decade.  He  is  a  worthy  native  son  of  British  Columbia,  his 
birth  having  occurred  at  New  Westminster  on  the  3d  of  February,  1864.  His 
parents  were  William  Henry  and  Mary  (Russell)  Rowling,  the  former  born  in 
Truro,  Cornwall,  England,  on  February  9,  1826,  and  the  latter  in  Dorsetshire, 
England,  on  November  19,  1832.  In  that  country  their  marriage  was  celebrated. 
William  H.  Rowling  came  to  British  Columbia,  in  1858,  as  a  corporal  in  charge 
of  the  commissary  of  the  Royal  Engineers  who  were  engaged  on  the  boundary 
survey.  He  was  for  a  time  at  New  Westminster  and  subsequently  settled  on  the 
north  arm  of  the  Fraser  river,  at  a  place  now  called  Rowlings,  which  was  named 
for  him.  He  took  up  a  military  grant  of  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  where  now 
is  South  Vancouver  and  there  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life.  He  had  also  bought 


HENRY  S.  ROWLING 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  29 

up  a  number  of  other  military  grants.  The  date  of  his  settlement  in  South 
Vancouver  was  the  2d  of  September,  1868.  Mrs.  Rowling,  who  came  to  Canada 
two  or  three  years  after  her  husband,  died  not  many  years  later.  By  her 
marriage  she  became  the  mother  of  seven  children,  of  whom  two  are  deceased: 
Rose,  born  August  8,  1858,  who  married  William  Copeland  and  died  July 
12,  1891 ;  and  Thomas  G.,  born  April  14,  1869,  who  died  September  23,  1893. 
Those,  living  are:  James  W.,  born  October  14,  1862,  who  is  a  resident  of 
South  Vancouver;  Henry  S.,  of  this  review;  Priscilla  A.,  born  February  24, 
1866,  the  wife  of  Peter  Byrne,  who  is  the  Indian  agent  at  New  Westminster; 
William  Henry,  whose  birth  occurred  September  2,  1867,  and  who  makes  his 
home  in  California;  and  Elizabeth  J.,  born  August  24,  1874,  who  resides  with 
her  sister,  Mrs.  Peter  Byrne,  at  New  Westminster. 

Henry  S.  Rowling  attended  the  public  schools  of  New  Westminster  in  the 
acquirement  of  an  education  and  subsequently  embarked  in  the  log  contracting 
and  lumber  business,  being  engaged  in  logging  along  the  Fraser  river  and  the 
coast,  and  in  many  parts  of  the  province.  About  1890  he  opened  for  transporta- 
tion, mostly  tugging  and  logging,  the  Burnett  river,  the  outlet  of  Burnaby  lake, 
which  empties  into  the  Fraser  river  at  Burnett  Mills.  This  feat  was  by  many 
considered  impossible,  but  that  waterway  has  now  been  in  continuous  use  for 
more  than  twenty  years.  Mr.  Rowling  continued  his  operations  in  that  field  of 
activity  until  about  1903  and  then  embarked  in  the  real-estate  business,  in  which 
he  has  been  engaged  to  the  present  time,  being  now  president  and  managing 
director  of  the  Vancouver  Real  Estate  Company.  He  deals  in  all  kinds  of  city 
and  suburban  property  and  is  the  owner  of  two  business  blocks  and  much  busi- 
ness and  residence  property.  He  has  a  six-story  reinforced  concrete  building  on 
Hastings  street,  East,  which  comprises  stores  and  a  rooming  house,  and  is  now 
erecting  a  five-story  apartment  house  at  the  corner  of  Vernon  and  Albert  streets. 

On  the  I4th  of  February,  1910,  at  Vancouver,  Mr.  Rowling  was  joined  in 
wedlock  to  Miss  Mary  Houston,  of  San  Francisco,  by  whom  he  has  two  children, 
William  Norman  and  Mayo  Mary.  Fraternally  he  is  identified  with  Lodge  No. 
8  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  also  belongs  to  the  Loyal  Order 
of  Moose.  He  is  likewise  a  member  of  the  Press  Club  and  the  Exhibition  Asso- 
ciation. During  his  entire  life,  or  for  almost  a  half  century,  he  has  remained  a 
resident  of  British  Columbia  and  his  labors  have  been  a  potent  factor  in  the 
growth  and  development  of  this  region. 


DAVID  ANGUS  McINTOSH. 

David  Angus  Mclntosh  is  managing  director  of  Letson  &  Burpee,  Ltd.,  and  in 
this  connection  is  well  known  as  a  representative  of  the  important  productive  in- 
dustries of  Vancouver.  Diligence  and  determination  have  ever  been  salient  char- 
acteristics of  his  life  and  have  constituted  the  measure  of  his  advancement  in 
the  business  world.  He  was  born  January  21,  1870,  in  Kent  county,  New  Bruns- 
wick, a  son  of  Angus  and  Christina  Mclntosh,  who  were  farming  people  in  the 
east.  In  the  public  schools  of  Chatham,  New  Brunswick,  the  son  began  his 
education  and  afterward  attended  the  Provincial  Normal  School  at  Fredericton. 
He  afterward  took  up  the  profession  of  teaching,  which  he  followed  for  a  time 
in  his  native  province  and  then  resumed  his  own  education  as  a  student  in  the 
University  of  New  Brunswick,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1894  with  the 
degree  of  Bachelor  of  Science.  He  continued  a  resident  of  the  east  until  1902, 
when  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  entered  into  association  with  Letson  & 
Burpee,  Ltd.,  in  which  connection  he  has  gradually  worked  his  way  upward  as 
his  ability  and  perseverance  have  indicated  his  fitness  for  promotion.  In  1907 
he  was  made  managing  director,  which  office  he  still  fills.  Letson  &  Burpee, 
Ltd.,  are  machinists  and  die-makers,  pattern-makers  and  founders,  and  are  pat- 
entees and  manufacturers  of  modern  canning  machinery,  gasoline  engines,  etc. 


30  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

The  output  of  their  plant  is  noted  for  its  high  standard  of  excellence  in  work- 
manship and  durability  and  the  trade  of  the  house  is  constantly  growing.  As 
managing  director  Mr.  Mclntosh  largely  controls  interests  and  the  business  has 
now  reached  a  volume  which  makes  it  one  of  the  important  industrial  concerns 
of  Vancouver. 

Mr.  Mclntosh  has  an  interesting  military  chapter  in  his  life  record,  having 
for  several  years  been  a  lieutenant  in  the  Seventy-third  Regiment  of  Volunteers, 
known  as  the  Northumberland  Regiment.  He  is  an  enthusiastic  rifleman,  having 
been  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Rifle  Association  since  1905.  In  politics  he  is 
a  conservative,  with  firm  belief  in  the  principles  of  the  party,  but  he  has  never 
sought  nor  desired  office. 

On  the  i9th  of  October,  1911,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Mclntosh  was  married  to 
Miss  Katherine  Menzies,  a  representative  of  an  old  Toronto  family,  her  father 
being  Charles  Menzies,  a  contractor  of  Toronto,  Ontario.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mc- 
lntosh attend  the  Presbyterian  church  and  they  have  gained  many  friends  during 
the  period  of  their  residence  in  Vancouver,  warm  regard  being  entertained  for 
them  by  reason  of  their  many  sterling  traits  of  character. 


HENRY  TRACY  CEPERLEY. 

While  practically  living  retired,  Henry  Tracy  Ceperley  still  retains  the  presi- 
dency of  Ceperley,  Roimsefell  &  Company,  Limited,  insurance,  loaning  and  finan- 
cial agents.  His  attention,  however,  is  largely  now  given  to  his  private  interests. 
His  activities  in  former  years,  however,  have  proven  factors  in  the  city's  upbuilding 
and  he  belongs  to  that  class  of  representative  western  men  who  have  recognized  the 
eternal  truth  that  industry  wins  and  have  made  industry  the  beacon  light  of  their 
lives.  Centuries  ago  a  Greek  philosopher  said:  "Earn  thy  reward;  the  gods 
give  naught  to  sloth;"  and  this  admonition  has  been  verified  in  all  the  ages  which 
have  since  run  their  course. 

Mr.  Ceperley  was  born  in  Oneonta,  New  York,  January  10,  1851,  a  son  of 
Martin  and  Desiah  (Winnie)  Ceperley,  the  family  coming  of  Dutch  ancestry. 
Henry  T.  Ceperley  was  the  youngest  of  sixteen  children,  of  whom  but  four  are 
now  living,  and  is  the  only  one  of  the  family  in  British  Columbia.  The  parents 
both  passed  away  in  the  state  of  New  York,  the  father  at  the  age  of  eighty-two 
years  and  the  mother  when  sixty-five  years  of  age. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  Henry  T.  Ceperley  pursued  his  early 
education  and  afterward  attended  Whitestown  Seminary,  but  at  an  early  age  was 
thrown  upon  his  own  resources  and  whatever  success  he  has  achieved  and  enjoyed 
is  attributable  entirely  to  his  enterprise,  capable  management  and  diligence.  In 
early  manhood  he  began  teaching  in  the  country  schools  of  Otsego  county,  New 
York,  where  he  was  thus  engaged  until  1871,  when  he  went  to  Winona,  Minne- 
sota, where  he  became  connected  with  the  produce  and  commission  business. 
After  five  years  spent  in  that  city  he  went  south  to  New  Mexico,  entering  the 
employ  as  cashier  and  bookkeeper  of  a  large  construction  company  engaged  in 
building  that  portion  of  the  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe  Railroad  between  Las 
Vegas  and  Santa  Fe.  He  spent  three  years  in  the  southwest  and  in  1883  went  to 
Montana,  where  he  formed  a  company  for  handling  cattle.  In  addition  he  also 
established  an  insurance  business  in  Livingston  and  thus  made  his  initial  step 
in  the  insurance  field,  in  which  he  has  steadily  advanced  until  his  firm  now  con- 
trols a  business  of  large  proportions,  exceeding  all  others  in  British  Columbia. 

Mr.  Ceperley  came  to  this  province  in  1886  and  soon  thereafter  formed  a 
partnership  with  A.  W.  Ross  for  the  conduct  of  a  general  real-estate  and  insurance 
business.  This  partnership  was  continued  until  1891,  when  Mr.  Ross  sold  his 
interest  to  Mr.  Ceperley  and  returned  to  Winnipeg.  The  latter  continued  the 
business,  which  has  grown  to  be  the  largest  in  British  Columbia.  While  the  pres- 
ent firm  of  Ceperley,  Rounsefell  &  Company,  Limited,  carries  on  a  general  real- 


HENRY  T.  CEPERLEY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  33 

estate,  financial  and  mining  brokerage  business,  their  principal  strength  lies  in  the 
insurance  work,  which  has  become  very  extensive  all  over  the  province.  They 
are  the  general  agents  for  the  Phoenix  of  London  and  for  the  Liverpool  &  London 
&  Globe.  The  success  of  the  company  has  been  due  in  large  measure  to  the  efforts 
and  the  administrative  direction  of  the  president,  who  has  constantly  sought  out 
opportunities  to  extend  the  connections  of  the  firm,  his  practical  ideas  and  plans 
bringing  about  tangible  results.  In  1910  Mr.  Ceperley  retired  from  active  par- 
ticipation in  the  business,  although  he  retains  the  presidency  of  the  company. 
He  has  other  large  personal  business  interests  that  require  his  time.  He  is  the 
president  of  the  Vancouver  Milling  &  Grain  Company,  of  which  he  is  one  of  the 
organizers  and  incorporators.  This  concern  was  established  to  conduct  the  ex- 
portation of  grain  and  flour  and  is  the  only  business  of  the  kind  in  the  province 
and  is  doing  a  large  and  rapidly  increasing  business.  Mr.  Ceperley  is  also  man- 
aging director  of  the  British  America  Development  Company  and  was  one  of  the 
provisional  directors  of  the  Bank  of  Vancouver  during  its  incorporation.  He  has 
recognized  and  utilized  opportunities  which  others  have  passed  heedlessly  by  and 
in  the  promotion  of  his  business  interests  has  advanced  public  prosperity  and 
progress  as  well  as  individual  success. 

Mr.  Ceperley  has  been  married  twice.  In  1882,  at  Winona,  Minnesota,  he 
wedded  Miss  Jennie  Foster,  of  that  place,  who  died  in  Winona  in  1892,  leaving 
two  children :  Ethelwyn,  the  wife  of  J.  E.  Hall,  managing  director  of  the  Van- 
couver Milling  &  Grain  Company;  and  Arthur  T.,  who  is  connected  with  the 
Jobes  Milling  Company  of  Portland,  Oregon.  For  his  second  wife  Mr.  Ceperley 
chose  Miss  Grace  Dixon,  of  Mount  Clemens,  Michigan.  The  family  home  is  at 
Burnaby  Lake,  a  superb  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Ceperley  is  cast  in  heroic  mold, 
being  six  feet  and  three  inches  in  height  and  weighing  two  hundred  and  forty 
pounds.  He  is  a  most  genial,  companionable  gentleman  and  has  gained  a  host  of 
warm  friends  during  his  residence  in  the  northwest.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Vancouver  Board  of  Trade  and  was  for  a  number  of  years  a  member  of  its  coun- 
cil. In  his  earlier  years  he  was  an  active  member  of  the  Masonic  and  Knights 
of  Pythias  fraternities.  He  is  now  identified  with  several  of  the  leading  clubs,  for 
two  years  was  president  of  the  Terminal  City  Club,  is  a  member  of  the  Jericho 
Country  Club  and  of  the  Vancouver  Golf  Club.  The  spirit  of  American  activity 
and  enterprise  has  led  him  out  of  humble  surroundings  into  most  important  busi- 
ness and  financial  relations,  and  British  Columbia  has  profited  by  his  efforts  and 
his  public  spirit. 


EDWARD  BLAKE  GRANT. 

Edward  Blake  Grant,  mechanical  engineer  of  Vancouver,  was  born  at 
Moncton,  New  Brunswick,  on  the  ist  of  May,  1885,  a  son  of  His  Honor,  David 
Grant  and  Jane  (Kinnear)  Grant,  both  now  residents  of  Vancouver,  the  former 
being  judge  of  the  county  court. 

Edward  Blake  Grant  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  and 
later  attended  the  Aberdeen  high  school,  from  which  he  was  graduated  with 
the  class  of  1900.  He  started  in  the  business  world  in  connection  with  the  engi- 
neering department  of  the  Intercolonial  Railroad,  and  a  year  afterward  came 
to  Vancouver,  arriving  in  1901.  His  parents  had  preceded  him  and  their  favor- 
able reports  concerning  the  western  country  led  him  to  seek  the  opportunities 
here  offered.  Following  his  arrival  he  was  employed  in  the  engineering  depart- 
ment of  the  Vancouver  Engineering  Works  and  subsequently  entered  the  iron 
works  oi  Ross  &  Howard,  having  charge  of  the  drawing  department  for  six 
years.  He  engaged  in  business  on  his  own  account,  and  at  the  end  of  that  time 
opened  his  office  as  a  mechanical  engineer.  He  is  making  a  specialty  of  boiler 
designing  in  accordance  with  the  British  Columbia  and  marine  rules.  He  pre- 
pared general  machinery  designs  and  made  the  machinery  installation  plans  for 
v..i  in— 2 


34  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

the  North  Vanconver  city  ferries  Nos.  3  and  4,  and  has  done  other  equally 
important  work.  He  has  organized  the  mechanical  engineering  class  in  connec- 
tion with  the  night  school  conducted  by  the  board  of  education  of  Vancouver. 
He  now  has  three  classes  under  his  supervision  and  acts  as  a  teacher  of  one. 
Mr.  Grant  was  married  on  the  25th  of  September,  1907,  to  Miss  Greta  Jones, 
of  Moncton,  New  Brunswick,  a  daughter  of  Charles  and  Mary  Jones.  His 
political  belief  is  that  of  the  liberal  party,  and  his  religious  faith  that  of  the 
Presbyterian  church. 


JOHN  B.  BRIGHT,  C.  E. 

Among  the  engineers  and  railway  contractors  of  the  Canadian  northwest 
there  is  no  name  that  has  a  higher  sound  than  that  of  John  B.  Bright,  who  as 
member  of  the  firm  of  Bright,  McDonald  &  Company,  of  Vancouver,  has  been 
connected  with  some  of  the  most  important  construction  work  in  the  Dominion. 
While  he  has  attained  a  remarkable  personal  success,  much  of  the  work  which  he 
has  accomplished  has  had  a  far-reaching  effect  in  the  general  development  and  the 
opening  up  of  new  regions  and  territories.  He  was  born  in  Woolsthorpe,  Lin- 
colnshire, England,  June  27,  1860,  a  son  of  James  and  Harriet  Annie  Bright,  and 
educated  in  country  and  private  schools.  Showing  early  in  life  an  inclination  for 
engineering  work,  he  then  was  articled  with  S.  &  W.  Pattison,  of  Sleaford,  rail- 
way contractors,  devoting  his  time  to  studying  engineering  feats  and  problems 
and  making  himself  acquainted  with  the  details  and  business  routine  of  the  pro- 
fession. The  year  1882  marked  his  arrival  in  Canada  and  upon  his  coming  here  he 
joined  the  engineering  staff  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  at  Winnipeg,  going  in  the 
same  year  to  the  mountains,  where  he  engaged  in  the  location  and  construction  of 
the  mountain  division,  being  so  employed  until  1887.  In  that  year  he  left  the 
services  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad,  becoming  connected  with  construction 
work  of  the  Oregon  Pacific  in  the  Cascade  mountains.  In  1888  he  was  locating 
for  the  Oregon  Railroad  &  Navigation  Company  in  Oregon  and  Idaho  and  also 
was  employed  in  construction  work  of  the  old  Seattle,  Lake  Shore  &  Eastern  Rail- 
way. Returning  to  Canada,  he  was  then  appointed  by  the  department  of  public 
works  of  the  Dominion  government  as  engineer  of  roads'  and  bridges  for  the 
Northwest  Territories,  receiving  his  commission  in  1889  and  so  continuing  until 
his  resignation  in  1897,  when  he  joined  the  engineering  staff  on  the  Crows  Nest 
branch  of  the  Canadian  Pacific.  After  completing  this  line  he  became  connected 
with  the  Great  Falls  &  Canada  Railway  and  also  did  important  work  on  St.  Mary's 
irrigation  canal.  In  1900  he  had  charge  of  building  the  bridges  on  the  Ontario  & 
Rainy  River  Railway  between  Port  Arthur  and  Fort  Francis,  and  after  the  com- 
pletion of  this  work  in  1903  began  contracting  on  irrigation  work  in  southern 
Alberta  and  railroad  work  in  Crows  Nest  Pass  for  the  International  Coal  &  Coke 
Company.  In  1904  the  Canadian  Northern  Railroad  Company  entrusted  him  with 
contracts  to  be  executed  between  Battleford  and  Edmonton  and  in  1905  and  1906 
he  devoted  most  of  his  time  to  contract  work  on  the  Nicola  valley  branch  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific.  In  1907  he  was  awarded  the  contract  on  the  Great  Northern 
cut-off  from  Westminster  to  Blaine,  and  he  also  built  in  that  year  the  Eburne 
Westminster  branch  for  the  Canadian  Pacific.  In  1908  he  began  work  on  the 
Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo  extension  from  Wellington,  Vancouver  island,  and  in  1910 
handled  the  contract  for  the  Cameron  Lake  section  on  the  Alberni  extension  of  the 
Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo  Railway.  In  1912  he  built  the  scenic  road  from  Laggan  to 
Lake  Louise  and  is  at  present  double  tracking  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad. 

In  1907  Mr.  Bright  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mabel  Amelia  Hardiman 
and  they  have  one  son,  Richard  Aubrey,  and  two  daughters,  Muriel  Aubrey  and 
Phylis  Mary.  He  is  a  Mason,  belonging  to  Mountain  Lodge  No.  9,  a  member  of 
the  Terminal  City  Club  and  finds  recreation  in  fishing  and  shooting.  The  family 
residence  is  located  at  No.  1943  Comox  street  and  there  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bright 


JOHN  B.  BEIGHT 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  37 

extend  a  warm-hearted  hospitality  to  their  many  friends.  A  public-spirited  man 
thoroughly  aware  of  the  obligations  of  citizenship,  Mr.  Bright  takes  a  deep  inter- 
est in  all  questions  of  public  welfare  and  supports  many  worthy  enterprises  under- 
taken in  the  interest  of  the  public.  He  has  done  important  work  in  bringing  about 
the  advancement  and  development  of  vast  sections  of  the  Dominion  and  his  life's 
labors  cannot  be  too  highly  estimated  in  the  effect  which  they  have  upon  prevailing 
conditions. 


ALBERT  J.  HILL. 

Albert  J.  Hill  enjoys  a  well  earned  rest  at  his  beautiful  home  at  the  corner 
of  Fourth  street  and  Fifth  avenue  in  New  Westminster.  He  won  a  position  of 
distinction  in  civil  engineering  circles  and  for  many  years  was  connected  with 
railway  building  and  with  the  development  of  the  rich  coal  deposits  of  the 
west.  His  efforts  constituted  an  element  in  the  substantial  development  and 
progress  of  the  sections  in  which  he  labored.  He  was  born  at  Sydney,  Cape 
Breton,  Nova  Scotia,  April  7,  1836,  his  parents  being  John  Lewis  and  Margaret 
(Whyte)  Hill,  the  latter  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Joseph  Whyte,  R.  N.,  of  Banff,  Scot- 
land. In  the  paternal  line  Albert  J.  Hill  represents  one  of  the  old  United  Em- 
pire Loyalist  families,  the  ancestry  being  traced  back  to  William  Hill,  who  at 
the  time  of  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolutionary  war  forfeited  his  right  to  a  con- 
siderable amount  of  property  in  New  England  and  made  his  way  to  Nova  Scotia, 
accompanied  by  his  household  of  sixteen  persons.  He  continued  loyal  to  the 
crown,  nor  would  he  renounce  his  faith  in  the  divine  right  of  his  sovereign.  He 
cast  in  his  lot  with  the  pioneer  residents  of  Nova  Scotia  and  was  appointed  comp- 
troller of  His  Majesty's  customs  in  the  crown  colony  of  the  island  of  Cape  Breton, 
where  he  remained  until  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Sydney  in  1802.  The 
history  of  the  maternal  ancestry  of  Albert  J.  Hill  includes  the  names  of  Burns, 
Shand  and  Whyte-Melville,  prominent  Scotch  families. 

The  early  education  of  A.  J.  Hill  was  acquired  at  home  and  he  afterward 
spent  several  years  in  shipbuilding,  being  associated  with  his  brothers  in  the 
building  and  launching  of  two  schooners.  Later  he  went  to  Boston  as  supercargo 
of  the  schooner  Marian,  carrying  the  first  load  of  coal  from  the  island  after 
the  purchase  of  the  rights  of  the  Duke  of  York  in  1860.  He  entered  the  Horton 
Collegiate  Academy  in  August,  1866,  and  there  completed  his  education.  On 
July  19,  1866,  he  married  Agnes  Lawrence,  the  youngest  daughter  of  Alexander 
Lawrence,  of  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  and  a  sister  of  J.  W.  Lawrence,  for 
many  years  a  prominent  factor  in  political  circles  of  the  province.  Unto  this 
marriage  were  born  two  sons  and  two  daughters :  Elizabeth  Carrick,  the  wife  of 
F.  J.  Coulthard ;  Grace  Irene,  who  passed  away  March  30,  1881 ;  Egerton  Boyd 
Lawrence;  and  Frederic  Tremaine. 

Following  his  graduation  Mr.  Hill  spent  two  years  as  a  member  of  the  faculty 
of  Horton  Academy  and  in  May,  1868,  accepted  an  appointment  on  the  Euro- 
pean &  North  American  Railroad,  assisting  in  locating  the  line  to  Winn  on  the 
Penobscot  river.  In  May,  1869,  he  received  an  appointment  on  the  government 
staff  of  the  Intercolonial  Railway  in  Miramichi,  New  Brunswick,  on  the  surveys 
and  location  of  sections  20,  21  and  22  in  New  Brunswick.  On  the  ist  of  Janu- 
ary, 1870,  he  was  transferred  to  aid  in  the  construction  of  section  12  at  Truro, 
Nova  Scotia,  and  continued  his  work  on  sections  12  and  7  until  January  i,  1872. 
In  the  meantime  he  located  the  Acadia  mines  branch  and  the  present  Springhill 
branch  lines.  In  February,  1872,  he  accepted  a  position  on  the  staff  of  the  Louis- 
burg  Mineral  Railway  and  carried  on  the  exploration  work  of  that  line,  con- 
tinuing the  work  of  locating  the  line  and  acting  as  chief  engineer  for  the  Lon- 
don contractors  until  the  work  of  construction  was  completed  in  1874. 

Mr.  Hill  turned  from  railway  building  to  the  development  of  the  coal  re- 
sources of  the  country.  He  was  appointed  manager  of  the  Lorway  and  Emory 


38  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

collieries  and  opened  and  operated  the  latter  in  1872  and  1873.  He  carried  out 
a  geological  survey  of  the  eastern  Cape  Breton  coal  fields,  afterward  embodied 
with  the  plans  of  the  Dominion  geological  survey  and  published  by  order  of 
the  government.  He  prepared  and  published  a  map  of  the  island  of  Cape  Breton 
in  1875.  In  the  employ  of  the  local  government  of  Nova  Scotia  he  conducted 
the  surveys  of  the  Thompson  and  Pugwash  and  of  the  Springhill  and  Pugwash 
railway  lines.  In  1876  he  was  appointed  manager  of  the  Cumberland  colliery 
and  continued  that  work  until  the  amalgamation  of  the  company  with  the  Coal 
Mining  Association  in  1877.  He  made  surveys  for  the  Maccan  and  Joggins  branch 
railway  and  in  1877  was  engaged  on  the  geological  survey  staff  in  examination  of 
the  southern  portion  of  Cumberland  county,  Nova  Scotia.  He  surveyed  the  Ox- 
ford &  Pugwash  Railway  for  the  Dominion  government  and  in  1878  was  com- 
missioned provincial  crown  land  surveyor  for  Cumberland  and  executed  topo- 
graphical surveys  for  the  local  government.  In  1879  he  went  to  Algoma  for 
the  Dominion  government  in  connection  with  the  contracts  from  Sunshine  creek 
to  English  river  and  prepared  an  interesting  suite  of  geological  specimens,  which 
were  presented  to  McGill  University. 

On  the  ist  of  January,  1880,  Mr.  Hill  was  ordered  to  British  Columbia  on 
the  construction  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad,  on  the  contract  from  Yale  to 
Savonas.  He  continued  in  that  work  until  October,  1882,  when  he  was  removed 
to  Port  Moody,  closing  his  connection  with  the  government  service  in  December, 
1884.  Since  that  time  he  has  engaged  in  the  private  practice  of  his  profession 
in  New  Westminster,  although  he  is  now  practically  living  retired.  He  has  en- 
joyed an  extensive  general  practice  in  all  parts  of  the  Dominion  and  has  been 
engineer  for  the  municipality  of  Surrey. 

Mr.  Hill  was  one  of  the  first  members  of  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil 
Engineers,  was  one  of  the  incorporators  of  the  Coquitlan  Water  Works  Com- 
pany, is  a  member  of  the  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers  of  England,  a  member  of 
the  Historical  Society  of  Nova  Scotia,  a  member  of  the  American  Association 
for  the  Advancement  of  Science  and  a  member  of  the  National  Geographic 
Society  and  the  Sullivant  Moss  Society,  both  of  the  United  States.  He  is  corre- 
sponding member  of  the  Ottawa  Field  Naturalists  Club.  He  is  also  connected 
with  the  British  Columbia  Land  Surveyors  Corporation,  is  provincial  crown  land 
surveyor  of  Nova  Scotia  and  is  agent  in  British  Columbia  for  the  government 
of  Nova  Scotia.  He  has  the  A.  B.  and  A.  M.  degrees  of  Acadia  University  of 
Nova  Scotia  and  addendums  of  the  Halifax  and  British  Columbia  Universities. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  United  Empire  Loyalist  Association  of  Canada. 

Mr.  Hill  was  chief  engineer  of  the  New  Westminster  Southern  Railway  from 
its  inception  until  August  i,  1889,  and  carried  out  the  local  surveys  for  the  line. 
He  resigned  his  position  at  the  latter  date  in  order  to  devote  his  whole  attention 
to  his  increasing  private  practice.  He  has  rendered  efficient  service  both  in 
public  and  private  capacities  to  geological  research  in  his  native  province  and  in 
British  Columbia.  In  politics  he  has  always  been  a  consistent  conservative  yet 
holds  principle  as  higher  than  party.  His  life  work  has  been  a  valuable  contribu- 
tion to  those  labors  which  figure  as  factors  in  civilization  and  general  improve- 
ment and  he  has  a  wide  acquaintance  among  those  who  are  prominent  in  scientific 
and  professional  circles  throughout  the  country. 


ALEXANDER  ROBERT  MANN. 

Vancouver  has  numbered  Alexander  Robert  Mann  among  its  citizens  but  lit- 
tle more  than  a  year.  His  name,  however,  is  a  familiar  one  throughout  the  prov- 
ince of  British  Columbia,  the  entire  west,  and  also  through  the  province  of  Ontario, 
for  as  a  railroad  builder  his  work  has  drawn  to  him  the  attention  of  the  people 
of  many  sections  which  his  labors  have  opened  up  to  development  and  improve- 
ment. There  is  no  single  agency  as  important  in  the  upbuilding  of  a  country 


ALEXANDER  R.  MANN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  41 

as  the  introduction  of  railroads,  which  annihilate  time  and  space  and  bring  the 
residents  of  a  new  country  into  close  contact  with  older  sections,  thus  providing 
them  with  a  market.  Since  he  started  out  in  life  as  a  young  man  still  in  his 
teens  Mr.  Mann  has  been  connected  with  railway  building  operations. 

A  native  of  Ontario,  Mr.  Mann  was  born  at  Acton,  on  the  2ist  of  July,  1861, 
a  son  of  Hugh  and  Ellen  (Macdonnell)  Mann,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of 
the  highlands  of  Scotland.  The  father  came  to  Canada  in  1836,  settling  in  Halton 
county,  Ontario,  where  he  engaged  in  farming  until  his  death.  The  son  pursued 
his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Acton  and  afterward  worked  on  the  home 
farm  until  1879,  when  at  the  age  of  eighteen  years  he  removed  to  Winnipeg,  where 
began  his  association  with  railroad  construction  work,  in  which  he  has  remained 
continuously  to  the  present  time.  In  1884-5  he  was  employed  on  the  construc- 
tion of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  through  the  Rocky  mountains.  In  1886 
he  built  a  part  of  the  Manitoba  &  Northwestern  Railway  for  the  Canadian  North- 
ern Railway.  In  all  the  years  which  have  since  come  and  gone  his  duties  and  activ- 
ities have  increased  in  volume  and  importance  until  his  work  has  made  him  one 
of  the  empire  builders  of  the  west.  In  1887-8  he  was  engaged  on  railway  con- 
struction work  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  in  the  state  of  Maine,  and  in  1889  he 
built  a  part  of  the  Northern  Pacific  from  Morris,  Manitoba,  westward.  About 
that  time  he  also  engaged  in  the  lumber  business  at  Fort  Francis,  Ontario,  and 
in  1890  he  was  awarded  the  contract  for  the  building  of  a  part  of  the  Long  Lake 
and  Regina  branch  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway.  In  the  succeeding  year  he 
built  a  part  of  the  Calgary  Edmonton  Railway  from  Fort  McLeod  to  Edmon- 
ton, Alberta,  and  in  1892  his  work  included  the  construction  of  a  part  of  the 
Soo  line  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  from  Estevan  into  Regina.  In  1893-4  his  activ- 
ity in  railway  building  in  British  Columbia  began,  when  was  awarded  him  the 
contract  for  a  part  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  branch  from  Nakusk  to  New 
Denver  in  the  Kootenay.  In  1894  he  engaged  in  handling  ore  in  the  Slocan  dis- 
trict and  so  continued  until  1897,  when  he  again  engaged  in  railway  construc- 
tion work,  building  a  portion  of  that  part  of  the  Columbia  &  Western  Railway 
between  Robinson  and  Midway  in  1898.  After  the  completion  of  this  contract 
he  returned  to  Port  Arthur,  Ontario,  where  he  was  engaged  on  the  building  of 
the  Rainy  River  branch  of  the  Canadian  Northern  Railway  until  1901.  He  also 
became  extensively  interested  in  the  lumber  business  at  Rainy  Lake  and  on  the 
Turtle  river.  In  1902  he  built  the  line  of  the  Canadian  Northern  Railway  from 
Neepawa  and  McCreary  and  in  1903  built  the  Greenway  branch  of  eighty  miles 
for  the  Canadian  Northern  Railway. 

Mr.  Mann  had  operated  under  his  own  name  up  to  that  time,  but  in  1904  he 
formed  the  Northern  Construction  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  became  president 
and  so  continues.  The  first  contract  awarded  him  under  the  organization  of  the 
present  company  was  for  the  building  of  the  James  Bay  road  from  Toronto  to 
Sudbury,  Ontario,  which  contract  was  completed  in  1906.  In  the  same  year  he 
again  took  up  construction  work  for  the  Canadian  Northern  Railway  in  British 
Columbia  and  built  the  Goose  Lake  branch  of  that  road.  Since  that  time  he 
has  been  continuously  engaged  in  construction  work  for  the  Canadian  Northern 
in  this  province,  having  now  some  seventeen  hundred  miles  under  construction 
for  that  road.  The  importance  of  his  work  cannot  be  overestimated.  As  a  rail- 
road builder  he  has  opened  up  new  districts  to  settlement  and  to  civilization; 
he  has  solved  difficult  engineering  problems,  has  worked  out  the  answer  to  impor- 
tant questions  involving  broad  and  thorough  scientific  knowledge  as  well  as  prac- 
tical skill,  and  has  achieved  notable  success  in  the  tasks  that  he  has  undertaken. 
Aside  from  his  railway  building  operations  he  has  various  financial  interests.  He 
is  still  extensively  connected  with  the  lumber  business  and  is  the  owner  of  farm 
lands  all  over  western  Canada,  among  his  farm  holdings  being  a  tract  of  fifteen 
hundred  acres  in  Milford,  Saskatchewan.  Since  1912  he  has  made  his  home  in 
Vancouver. 

It  was  on  the  I7th  of  June,  1907,  that  Mr.  Mann  was  united  in  marriage 
at  Owen  Sound,  Ontario,  to  Miss  Jennie  Malcolm,  a  daughter  of  Robert  Mai- 


42  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

colm  of  that  city.  They  now  have  one  daughter,  Alix,  born  August  28,  1910. 
Mr.  Mann  is  a  member  of  the  Carleton  Club  of  Winnipeg,  the  Albany  Club  of 
Toronto,  and  the  Commercial  Club  of  Vancouver,  and  he  also  holds  membership 
in  the  Presbyterian  church.  The  nature  and  importance  of  his  work  as  railway 
builder  has  made  him  known  throughout  the  greater  part  of  Canada,  and  his  name 
figures  prominently  in  the  field  of  labor  which  he  chose  as  a  life  work.  His  power 
has  grown  through  the  exercise  of  effort;  his  ability  has  developed  as  he  has 
called  forth  his  latent  energies,  and  in  all  he  has  manifested  those  qualities  of 
leadership  which  have  not  only  enabled  him  to  direct  the  labors  of  those  under 
him  but  have  also  been  manifest  in  the  initiative  spirit 'that  has  recognized  and 
improved  opportunities  that  others  have  passed  heedlessly  by. 


JOSEPH  WALTER  McFARLAND. 

Joseph  Walter  McFarland  is  a  pioneer  of  Vancouver  to  whose  credit  may 
be  attributed  the  establishment  and  development  of  many  of  the  more  impor- 
tant features  in  the  upbuilding  of  the  city  and  province.  He  has  figured  promi- 
nently as  a  railroad  builder,  was  the  promoter  of  the  waterworks  and  the  elec- 
tric lighting  projects  of  Vancouver  and  the  builder  of  the  first  large  private 
dock.  All  these  and  many  more  tangible  evidences  of  his  public  spirit  and  his 
business  ability  can  be  given  and  indicate  how  closely  he  has  been  identified 
with  the  history  of  the  northwest.  A  native  of  Niagara,  Ontario,  his  parents 
were  John  and  Amelia  McFarland,  both  representatives  of  old  United  Empire 
Loyalist  families  who  were  pioneer  settlers  on  the  Niagara  peninsula.  Mrs. 
McFarland  was  a  daughter  of  George  Keefer,  one  of  the  original  builders  of 
the  Welland  canal. 

In  primary  and  grammar  schools  of  Welland  county,  Ontario,  Joseph  W. 
McFarland  pursued  his  education  and  after  putting  aside  his  text-books  went 
to  Massachusetts,  where  he  was  employed  in  connection  with  the  construction 
of  the  Hoosac  Tunnel  by  F.  Shanley  &  Company,  builders,  the  project  being 
financed  by  "Boss"  Tweed  of  New  York.  This  was  his  initial  experience  in 
the  business  world.  He  left  Massachusetts  in  1878  and  returned  to  Ontario, 
settling  at  Hamilton.  He  became  associated  with  the  Great  Western  Railroad 
there  and  also  in  London,  Ontario,  remaining  with  that  corporation  until  1880, 
when  he  resigned  to  enter  the  service  of  the  Northern  Transit  Company  of 
Port  Huron,  Michigan.  Following  their  failure  in  1881  he  returned  to  the 
Great  Western  Railway  Company  at  Detroit,  Michigan,  where  he  continued 
until  1884,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia.  In  the  intervening  period,  cover- 
ing almost  three  decades,  he  has  been  a  most  prominent  factor  in  promoting 
public  improvement  and  progress.  He  had  charge  of  railway  construction  as 
manager  for  H.  F.  Keefer  and  built  forty  miles  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Rail- 
road from  Kamloops  to  Shuswap  lake.  In  1885  he  returned  to  Victoria  and 
had  charge  of  the  construction  of  the  Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo  Railway  at  Shaw- 
nigan  Lake.  In  the  latter  part  of  1885  and  the  early  part  of  1886  he  built, 
under  the  same  management,  the  line  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  from  Port  Moody 
to  Coal  Harbor  and  English  Bay.  After  his  work  was  finished  in  1886  he 
joined  the  late  George  A.  Keefer  in  organizing  the  Vancouver  Water  Works 
Company,  of  which  he  was  elected  secretary  and  manager,  thus  actively  con- 
trolling the  business  until  it  was  acquired  by  the  city  in  1892.  It  was  also  in 
1886  that  in  connection  with  the  late  David  Oppenheimer,  the  second  mayor  of 
Vancouver,  he  organized  the  Vancouver  Electric  Illuminating  Company,  Limited, 
of  which  he  was  elected  secretary.  This  became  the  nucleus  of  the  present  British 
Columbia  Electric  Company  and  was  the  initial  movement  for  the  electric  lighting 
of  the  city.  He  also  with  other  old-timers  organized  the  Vancouver  Wharfage 
&  Storage  Company,  Limited,  of  which  he  was  made  the  secretary.  This  company 
built  a  wharf  at  the  foot  of  Carroll  street,  being  the  first  large  private  dock  to 


JOSEPH  W.  McFARLAND 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  45 

be  used  for  public  purposes  in  the  city.  The  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  disputed 
their  rights  to  this  dock  and  after  an  accident  which  destroyed  it  the  property 
was  abandoned  to  the  railroad  company.  In  1886  Mr.  McFarland  organized 
the  North  Vancouver  Electric  Company,  Limited,  and  was  elected  secretary. 
This  company  proposed  to  generate  electricity  from  the  Capilano  river  for 
power  purposes  for  the  city  of  Vancouver.  Closely  associated  with  various 
projects  looking  to  the  development  and  utilization  of  the  resources  of  this  sec- 
tion of  the  country  and  in  large  measure  foreseeing  and  meeting  the  needs  of 
the  growing  city,  Mr.  McFarland  became  recognized  as  one  of  the  foremost 
factors  in  Vancouver's  improvement  and  upbuilding.  In  1892  he  established 
a  real-estate,  insurance  and  loan  business  which  in  1894  was  organized  under 
a  joint  stock  company  known  as  Mahon,  McFarland  &  Mahon,  Limited,  of 
which  he  was  president,  so  continuing  until  1911,  when  he  retired  from  active 
business,  the  company  having  been  absorbed  by  the  London  &  British  North 
America  Company,  Limited,  one  of  the  largest  and  strongest  financial  institu- 
tions in  Canada.  Mr.  McFarland  is  now  giving  his  attention  to  his  invested 
interests  only,  managing  his  private  affairs,  which  have  grown  in  extent  and 
volume.  In  addition  to  the  other  interests  previously  mentioned  he  was  in  early 
days  secretary  of  the  Nicola  Valley  Railway  Company,  of  the  Chilliwack  Rail- 
way Company  and  of  the  Shuswap  &  Okanagan  Railway  Company. 

On  the  1 5th  of  November,  1888,  at  Detroit,  Michigan,  Mr.  McFarland  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Margaret  T.  Day,  a  daughter  of  the  late  David 
and  Jane  Day  of  Ogdensburg,  New  York.  In  religious  faith  they  are  Anglicans, 
holding  membership  in  Christ  church.  Mr.  McFarland  is  a  conservative  in 
politics  but  has  never  been  an  active  worker  in  party  ranks.  He  is  a  charter 
member  of  the  Board  of  Trade  of  Vancouver  and  in  that  connection  has  been 
interested  in  many  movements  of  progressive  citizenship.  He  is  also  a  charter 
member  of  Cascade  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver  and  he  belongs  to  the 
Vancouver  Club,  the  Vancouver  Lawn  Tennis  Club,  the  Shaughnessy  Heights 
Golf  Club  and  is  president  of  the  Jericho  Country  Club,  all  of  Vancouver.  He 
is  likewise  a  member  of  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria.  During  the  twenty-nine 
years  of  his  residence  on  the  coast  he  has  witnessed  remarkable  changes  as  the 
work  of  development  and  civilization  has  been  carried  forward.  His  labors 
have  constituted  an  important  element  in  the  improvement  of  transportation 
conditions  by  rail  and  he  has  also  seen  a  marked  change  in  marine  transporta- 
tion, for  in  1885,  when  he  made  his  way  by  water  from  Victoria  to  Vancouver, 
he  left  the  former  city  at  seven  o'clock  in  the  morning  and  arrived  at  Sunny- 
side  Slip  at  nine  in  the  evening — a  trip  that  is  now  made  in  four  hours.  Along 
all  lines  of  improvement  the  changes  have  been  just  as  great,  and  Mr.  McFar- 
land's  name  stands  high  on  the  roll  of  those  who  have  contributed  much  to 
Vancouver's  upbuilding. 


JOHN    WALLACE  DE  BEQUE  FARRIS. 

John  Wallace  de  Beque  Farris,  a  barrister  of  Vancouver,  was  born  at 
Whites  Cove,  New  Brunswick,  a  son  of  Lochlan  P.  and  Louise  (Hay)  Farris, 
both  of  whom  were  natives  of  New  Brunswick,  in  which  country  the  father  was 
formerly  minister  of  agriculture,  but  is  now  living  retired.  His  grandfather  was 
the  Hon.  John  Farris,  Dominion  member  for  Queen's  county,  New  Brunswick, 
for  at  least  twenty  years. 

In  the  acquirement  of  his  education  J.  W.  de  B.  Farris  attended  successively 
the  public  schools  of  Whites  Cove,  St.  Martin's  Seminary,  Acadia  College,  from 
which  he  won  the  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree ;  and  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
at  Philadelphia.  In  the  last  named  he  was  pursuing  the  law  course  in  prepara- 
tion for  practice  at  the  bar,  and  was  graduated  LL.  B.  in  1902.  In  his  school 
days  he  displayed  notable  native  oratorical  ability.  At  Acadia  he  took  part  in  the 


46  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

annual  debate  of  1898  against  Kings  College,  and  in  1899  against  Dalhousie 
University,  on  both  of  which  occasions  Acadia  carried  off  the  honors.  Mr. 
Farris  headed  the  big  annual  intercollegiate  debate  of  1902  between  the  Penn- 
sylvania and  Michigan  State  Universities,  in  which  Pennsylvania  was  victorious. 
Nor  was  he  unknown  on  the  athletic  field,  for  while  at  Acadia  he  was  captain 
of  the  football  team. 

Returning  to  his  native  province  following  his  graduation  from  Pennsylvania 
University,  Mr.  Farris  at  once  entered  upon  the  active  practice  of  law  at  St. 
John,  New  Brunswick,  where  he  remained  for  six  months,  when,  thinking  the 
growing  western  country  offered  still  better  opportunities,  he  came  to  Vancouver 
in  the  spring  of  1903  and  entered  upon  active  practice  here.  He  was  prosecuting 
attorney  for  the  city  of  Vancouver  for  two  years,  or  from  1903  until  1905,  and 
was  a  candidate  for  the  provincial  legislature  on  the  liberal  ticket  in  1906  for  the 
city  of  Vancouver.  He  was  also  a  candidate  for  the  provincial  house  in  the  fall 
of  1909  for  the  Richmond  district.  He  has  always  been  a  stanch  liberal  and  is 
president  of  the  Vancouver  City  and  District  Liberal  Associations.  His  party  is 
now  in  the  minority,  rendering  it  difficult  to  win  an  election,  yet  Mr.  Farris, 
true  to  his  convictions,  stands  loyally  by  his  principles  and  is  a  recognized  leader 
in  party  ranks. 

In  Wolfville,  Nova  Scotia,  Mr.  Farris  was  married  on  August  16,  1905,  to 
Miss  Evelyn  Kierstad,  a  daughter  of  Professor  Kierstad  of  McMaster  University, 
Toronto.  Their  four  children  are  Katherine  Hay,  Donald  Fenwick,  Ralph  Kier- 
stad and  John  Lochlan.  Mr.  Farris  is  president  of  the  Vancouver  Acadia  Alumni 
Association  and  belongs  to  the  Terminal  City  and  Press  Clubs.  He  is  steadily 
working  his  way  upward  in  his  profession,  and  his  oratorical  ability,  clothing  the 
sound  logic  of  fact,  is  an  element  in  his  advancement. 


JOSEPH  A.  RUSSELL,  LL.  B. 

Joseph  A.  Russell  is  the  nestor  of  the  Vancouver  bar  and  ranks  second  to  no 
representative  of  the  legal  profession  in  this  city.  Honor  and  respect  are  accorded 
him  and  have  been  worthily  won,  and  there  is  none  whose  practice  more  fully 
embodies  the  high  ideals  of  the  profession  in  its  purpose  to  conserve  and  protect 
human  rights  and  liberties. 

Mr.  Russell  was  born  at  Newcastle,  New  Brunswick,  on  the  nth  of  Sep- 
tember, 1866.  He  is  a  son  of  Mathew  and  Sarah  Ann  Russell,  of  whom  more 
extended  mention  is  made  in  connection  with  the  sketch  of  F.  R.  McD.  Russell 
on  another  page  of  this  work.  He  supplemented  a  course  of  study  in  Harkins' 
Academy  at  Newcastle  by  a  course  in  Dalhousie  University,  in  Halifax,  Nova 
Scotia,  which  conferred  upon  him  the  LL.  B.  degree  in  1887.  He  was  a  law 
student  of  the  late  Hon.  A.  G.  Blair,  Q.  C,  and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  New 
Brunswick  in  October,  1887.  For  a  few  months  he  practiced  in  his  native  city 
and  then  came  to  British  Columbia  in  the  spring  of  1888,  making  his  way  direct 
to  Vancouver.  The  same  year  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  this  province  and 
entered  upon  the  active  practice  of  his  profession  in  the  city  which  is  still  his 
home.  He  associated  himself  with  the  firm  of  Yates  &  Jay,  of  Victoria,  open- 
ing a  Vancouver  office  which  was  conducted  under  the  name  of  Yates,  Jay  & 
Russell.  A  year  later  he  purchased  the  interest  of  his  two  partners  and  con- 
tinued alone  in  practice  for  several  years.  He  was  then  joined  in  a  partnership 
by  the  late  J.  J.  Godfrey,  brother  of  William  Godfrey,  manager  of  the  Bank 
of  British  Columbia,  under  the  name  of  Russell  &  Godfrey.  In  1896  he  formed 
a  partnership  with  his  brother,  F.  R.  McD.  Russell,  under  the  style  of  Russell 
&  Russell,  and  on  the  admission  of  a  third  partner  the  firm  name  was  changed 
to  Russell,  Russell  &  Hannington,  so  continuing  until  1911,  when  Mr.  Hanning- 
ton's  health  compelled  him  to  limit  his  practice  to  his  former  field  at  Nelson, 
British  Columbia.  At  that  time  G.  E.  Hancox  was  taken  into  the  firm.  At  the 


JOSEPH  A.  RUSSELL 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  49 

beginning  of  the  present  year  (1913)  Joseph  A.  Russell  retired  from  practice 
for  at  least  a  year's  rest,  and  the  firm  is  now  Russell,  MacDonald  &  Hancox  and 
Russell,  Mowat,  Hancox  &  Farris.  His  comprehensive  knowledge  of  the  law 
placed  J.  A.  Russell  among  the  men  of  eminent  learning  in  the  legal  profession, 
while  his  ability  to  accurately  apply  its  principles  gave  him  power  as  a  bar- 
rister and  counselor  that  placed  him  among  the  foremost  representatives  of 
the  profession  in  the  province,  particularly  in  matters  pertaining  to  marine, 
insurance,  shipping  and  criminal  law. 

For  nine  years  Mr.  Russell  filled  the  position  of  police  magistrate  of  the 
growing  city  of  Vancouver,  and  aside  from  duties  thus  directly  connected  with 
law  practice,  he  has  had  other  business  interests,  being  heavily  interested  in 
the  salmon  canning  industry  for  several  years.  For  a  long  time  he  has  been 
interested  in  timber,  holding  substantial  interests  in  two  large  lumber  com- 
panies, and  he  is  now  interested  in  other  industries,  including  the  Vancouver 
Ship  Yard,  Ltd.,  and  the  Burton-Shaw  Manufacturing  Company,  Ltd.  He 
owns  claims  and  is  very  active  in  coast  mining  for  gold  and  copper,  and  the 
keen  analytical  power  and  ready  discernment  of  the  lawyer  are  also  effective 
forces  in  recognizing  the  possibilities  of  a  business  situation  and  the  utilization 
of  these  possibilities  in  the  attainment  of  success.  Mr.  Russell  was  one  of 
those  who  conceived  the  idea  of  establishing  the  Vancouver  Horse  Show  and 
became  one  of  the  founders  and  active  promoters  of  the  association,  of  which 
he  has  been  a  director  and  an  exhibitor  from  its  inception. 

In  the  field  of  sports  Mr.  Russell  is  well  known,  and  for  many  years  was 
president  and  captain  of  the  Vancouver  Rowing  Club.  He  stroked  the  crew 
for  four  years  without  a  single  loss.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Tennis 
Club,  Vancouver  Athletic  Club,  and  was  for  some  time  president  of  the  Pacific 
Northwest  Amateur  Athletic  Association.  He  likewise  belongs  to  the  Brockton 
Point  Athletic  Club,  has  been  master  of  the  Vancouver  Hunt  Club  since  its  in- 
ception in  1886,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Canadian,  Vancouver,  Jericho  Country 
and  Minoru  Clubs.  He  is  a  recognized  leader  in  political  circles  and  deeply 
interested  in  civic  affairs  of  the  city  and  province,  but  owing  to  his  extensive 
practice  and  many  private  interests  he  has  not  found  time  to  become  openly 
identified  with  these.  He  is,  however,  a  close  student  of  the  signs  of  the  times 
and  of  the  vital  and  significant  questions  of  the  day,  and  his  opinions  upon  any 
such  point  elicit  interest  and  consideration. 

In  Vancouver,  in  1892,  Mr.  Russell  was  married  to  Miss  Jessie  Millar,  a 
daughter  of  James  Millar,  a  prominent  merchant  of  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  and 
they  have  one  child,  Flora  McDonald  Russell,  who  has  been  an  exhibitor  at  the 
horse  show  for  the  past  six  years.  Such,  in  brief,  is  the  life  history  of  Joseph 
A.  Russell,  whose  prominence  as  a  man  and  as  a  citizen  is  unquestioned,  while 
public  opinion  places  him  in  the  front  rank  among  the  barristers  of  Vancouver 
and  the  province. 


WILLIAM  J.   MATHERS. 

William  J.  Mathers  is  local  manager  for  the  Brachman-Ker  Milling  Company 
at  New  Westminster  and  by  virtue  of  his  position  and  the  force  of  his  ability  and 
personality  one  of  the  important  elements  in  the  industrial  growth  of  the  city.  A 
spirit  of  enterprise  and  progress  actuates  him  in  all  that  he  does,  and  his  success 
is  the  natural  reward  of  his  energy,  progressiveness  and  business  discrimination. 
He  was  born  at  St.  Helen's,  Ontario,  in  Huron  county,  in  1862,  and  is  a  son  of 
Henry  and  Mary  Mathers. 

William  J.  Mathers  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
community  and  remained  in  Ontario  until  he  was  fourteen  years  of  age,  at  which 
time  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  settling  in  New  Westminster,  where  he  has 
since  made  his  home.  He  is  numbered  among  the  early  settlers  and  has  always 


50  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

thoroughly  identified  his  interests  with  those  of  the  city.  He  began  his  business 
career  as  clerk  in  a  general  store,  and  from  that  position  rose  through  successive 
stages  of  progress  and  advancement,  and  through  the  force  of  his  ability,  energy 
and  enterprise,  to  be  local  manager  of  the  Brachman-Ker  Milling  Company,  one 
of  the  most  important  enterprises  of  its  kind  in  the  city.  He  has  proved  capable, 
far-sighted  and  reliable  in  the  discharge  of  his  responsible  duties,  and  the  great 
growth  of  the  concern  in  the  past  few  years  is  largely  due  to  him.  Always  a 
public-spirited  and  progressive  citizen,  Mr.  Mathers  has  taken  a  deep  and  intelli- 
gent interest  in  general  business  growth  and  did  much  to  promote  it  while  presi- 
dent of  the  New  Westminster  Board  of  Trade  in  1905. 

Mr.  Mathers  married  Miss  Mary  E.  Whelen  of  New  Westminster  and  they 
have  three  children,  one  son  and  two  daughters.  The  family  are  well  known  in 
social  circles  of  the  city  and  have  an  extensive  and  representative  circle  of 
friends. 


HENRY  DAVIS. 

In  pioneer  times  Henry  Davis  settled  near  Langley,  on  the  Eraser  river,  and 
during  the  many  years  which  elapsed  from  that  period  until  the  time  of  his  death 
he  remained  an  active  and  honored  citizen  of  this  locality.  To  him  the  section 
owes  the  development  of  one  of  the  finest  farms  in  this  part  of  British  Columbia 
and  many  other  valuable  contributions  to  its  growth  and  progress  and  thus  it 
was  that  in  his  passing  it  lost  a  valued,  useful  and  representative  citizen.  In  the 
course  of  years  his  business  interests  became  extensive  and  yet  he  did  not  allow 
the  accumulation  of  wealth  to  mar  his  kindly  nature,  his  courtesy  and  his  geniality 
and  he  was  never  known  to  take  advantage  of  the  necessities  of  others  in  any 
business  transaction. 

Mr.  Davis  was  born  in  Ireland,  March  15,  1848,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and 
Susannah  Davis,  the  former  a  substantial  farmer  of  Derrylane,  County  Cavan. 
In  that  section  of  the  Emerald  isle  Henry  Davis  spent  his  childhood  but  when 
he  was  eleven  years  of  age  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  America,  settling  in  Well- 
ington county,  Ontario.  There  he  grew  to  manhood,  gaining  during  this  time  a 
knowledge  of  the  best  and  most  effective  agricultural  methods,  and  about  a 
quarter  of  a  century  before  his  death  moved  to  British  Columbia,  where  he  long 
remained  an  honored  and  respected  citizen.  For  a  number  of  years  he  engaged 
in  contracting  on  some  of  the  roads  which  were  built  early  in  the  history  of  the 
settlement  of  the  section  around  Langley  but  he  afterward  turned  his  attention 
to  farming  near  Langley,  developing  an  extensive  and  productive  ranch  which 
for  over  twenty  years  he  continued  to  improve  and  cultivate,  a  substantial  fortune 
accruing  from  his  well  directed  labors.  He  became  one  of  the  most  extensive 
landowners  and  prosperous  ranchers  in  this  locality,  owning  besides  his  home 
farm  another  tract  in  the  Surrey  municipality,  and  he  made  his  name  honored 
and  respected  as  a  synonym  not  only  for  successful  accomplishment  but  for 
high  standards  of  business  and  personal  honor. 

On  the  6th  of  January,  1892,  at  Hollen,  Ontario,  Mr.  Davis  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Lizzie  Henderson,  a  daughter  of  George  and  Harriet  Hender- 
son, the  former  a  mill  owner  and  farmer  in  that  vicinity.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Davis 
became  the  parents  of  three  children,  Margaret,  Leslie  and  Roy,  who  live  with 
their  mother  at  New  Westminster. 

Mr.  Davis  was  a  devout  member  of  the  Methodist  church  and  he  gave  his 
political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party,  being  stanch  in  his  support  of  its 
principles  and  policies  although  never  active  as  an  office  seeker.  He  died  upon 
his  ranch,  January  13,  1901,  and  his  passing  was  widely  and  deeply  regretted 
in  a  community  where  he  had  made  his  home  for  over  a  quarter  of  a  century 
and  where  his  many  excellent  qualities  had  endeared  him  to  all  who  came  within 
the  close  circle  of  his  friendship.  If  success  means  a  long  and  useful  life,  a 


HENRY   DAVIS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  53 

peaceful  and  contented  fireside,  steadily  increasing  prosperity  in  business  and 
growing  esteem  among  neighbors  and  associates,  then  Mr.  Davis  has  been  a 
successful  man,  as  he  was  a  worthy,  honorable  and  useful  citizen. 


HENRY  MCDOWELL. 

Henry  McDowell  has  for  a  number  of  years  been  prominently  identified  with 
various  important  commercial  lines  in  Vancouver  and  the  Canadian  northwest, 
having  been  for  a  long  time  associated  with  the  wholesale  drug  business,  but  at 
present  he  gives  his  whole  time  to  his  important  duties  as  president  of  the 
McDowell-Mouat  Coal  Company.  There  is  no  better  evidence  of  the  position 
which  he  occupies  relative  to  his  importance  in  the  commercial  life  of  the  city 
than  the  fact  that  he  served  in  the  position  of  president  of  the  Board  of  Trade, 
in  which  office  he  had  decided  influence  upon  the  growth  and  commercial  expan- 
sion of  the  city.  He  has  distinct  claim  upon  the  title  of  pioneer  of  the  city,  and 
by  his  own  efforts  has  become  one  of  its  most  successful  business  men  who  has 
let  no  opportunity  pass  which  would  lead  to  the  advancement  and  phenomenal 
prosperity  that  it  has  been  the  fortune  of  Vancouver  to  enjoy.  His  life  record 
and  that  of  the  city  are  closely  intertwined  and  it  may  be  said  of  him  that  each 
has  contributed  to  the  other's  benefit. 

Henry  McDowell  was  born  in  Milton,  Halton  county,  Ontario,  on  the  3d  of 
March,  1862,  a  son  of  Robert  McDowell,  a  native  of  Ireland,  whose  ambitious 
spirit  would  not  let  him  be  content  with  the  easy-going,  Irish  country  life,  and 
decided  him  to  emigrate  to  Canada  in  1849,  to  grow  up  with  the  development 
of  a  new  country  and  here  he  followed  successfully  agricultural  pursuits  until 
his  death  in  1864,  when  only  in  his  thirty-sixth  year.  He  married,  in  the  isle 
of  Erin,  Mary  Ann  Doherty,  who  first  saw  the  light  of  day  near  the  birthplace 
where  her  future  husband  had  been  born.  Her  death  occurred  in  1891,  when  she 
was  sixty-three  years  old.  Both  were  devout  adherents  of  the  Episcopal  church 
and  were  pious  and  God-fearing  people,  greatly  respected  in  the  community 
where  they  lived  for  their  high  qualities  of  mind  and  character.  Their  son, 
Henry,  and  his  sister,  Mrs.  Charles  H.  Mouat,  were  the  only  ones  of  the  family 
to  come  to  Vancouver,  and  both  are  still  residents  of  this  city. 

Henry  McDowell  received  a  public-school  education  and  after  laying  aside  his 
text-books  began  to  learn  the  drug  trade  in  his  native  town.  In  1884,  however,  he 
left  Milton  and  removed  to  Port  Arthur,  where  for  two  years  he  was  connected 
as  clerk  with  the  office  force  of  O'Connor  &  Company.  In  1886,  not  long  after  the 
fatal  conflagration,  Mr.  McDowell  came  to  Vancouver,  and  for  that  reason  he 
must  be  accounted  one  of  its  real  pioneers,  as  all  that  had  been  here  in  the  way 
of  a  town  had  been  destroyed  by  the  fire  demon  and  the  rebirth  of  the  city  may 
truly  be  called  the  beginning  of  the  Vancouver  of  today.  Upon  his  arrival  he 
opened  a  drug  store,  and  success  attended  him  from  the  beginning,  as  his  busi- 
ness interests  reached  out  and  grew  with  the  rapid  advancement  of  the  city. 
His  drug  store  was  the  first  one  to  open  after  the  fire,  and  he  continued  it  until 
1891  alone,  when  he  was  joined  in  partnership  by  H.  H.  Watson,  which  was 
productive  of  many  excellent  results,  and  continued  until  1895,  when  the  firm 
was  merged  with  that  of  Atkins  &  Atkins  and  became  the  McDowell-Atkins- 
Watson  Company.  They  largely  widened  the  scope  of  their  activities  by  opening 
as  many  as  eleven  different  stores  on  such  corners  of  the  city  that  offered  the 
best  inducements.  They  also  maintained  a  wholesale  business,  which  in  1902 
was  merged  with  that  of  Henderson  Brothers  of  Victoria,  and  the  wholesale 
branch  continued  under  the  name  of  Henderson  Brothers,  Ltd.,  one  of  the 
largest  and  foremost  firms  of  its  kind  in  the  Dominion,  the  business  being  later 
taken  over  by  the  National  Drug  Company  of  Canada  and  discontinued  at 
Vancouver.  In  his  later  years  the  interests  of  Mr.  McDowell  have  extended  to 
other  important  commercial  enterprises  of  the  town,  among  which  one  of  the 


54 

most  important  is  the  McDowell-Motiat  Coal  Company,  Ltd.,  located  at  724 
Hastings  street,  West,  Vancouver,  of  which  he  is  the  chief  executive  officer, 
and  to  which  he  now  devotes  his  whole  attention. 

In  1890  Mr.  McDowell  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Dell  Clarke,  a 
daughter  of  Edward  Clarke,  of  Pembroke,  Ontario,  and  of  Irish  descent.  In 
their  family  are  three  children:  Mary  Emily,  Robert  Clarke  and  Dell  McLaren. 
One  of  the  most  attractive  residences  of  the  city  is  the  home  of  the  family  and 
its  elegant  rooms  often  see  the  company  of  their  many  friends,  who  delight  to 
partake  of  the  warm  hospitality  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McDowell  dispense.  Their 
religious  affiliations  are  with  the  Church  of  England,  to  which  they  give  their 
moral  and  material  support  in  unstinted  measure.  As  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Trade  Mr.  McDowell  has  often  raised  his  voice  in  indorsement  of  important 
measures  which  have  greatly  contributed  toward  the  commercial  expansion  of  the 
city,  and  other  interests  of  his  life  are  such  that  they  have  materially  contributed 
toward  betterment  and  improvement  along  various  lines.  He  is  conceded  to  be 
one  of  the  foremost  and  substantial  men  of  the  community  and  all  those  who 
have  the  pleasure  of  his  acquaintance  delight  to  do  him  honor  as  a  pioneer  and  as 
a  man  who  has  attained  his  goal  without  ever  having  to  endanger  his  principles 
of  uprightness  and  one  who  has  attained  financial  independence  in  conformity 
with  the  tenets  of  the  Golden  Rule. 


WALFORD  DOUGLAS  SOMERLED  RORISON. 

Walford  Douglas  Somerled  Rorison  is  well  and  prominently  known  in  busi- 
ness life  of  Vancouver  as  vice  president  of  R.  D.  Rorison  &  Son,  Ltd.,  and  in 
military  circles  of  British  Columbia  as  one  of  the  most  distinguished,  efficient 
and  able  officers  in  the  Canadian  Army  Service  Corps,  also  being  commissioner 
of  the  Boy  Scouts  for  the  mainland  of  the  province.  The  basis  of  his  success 
has  been  the  same  in  both  lines — natural  talents  and  powers  well  developed  along 
constructive  and  modern  lines,  a  keen,  incisive  and  liberal  mind,  sound  and  prac- 
tical judgment,  and  these  qualities,  dominating  his  character,  have  made  him 
one  of  the  best  known  and  most  representative  men  in  the  city  of  Vancouver  at 
the  present  time.  He  was  born  in  Renfrew,  Ontario,  on  the  I5th  of  October, 
1877,  and  is  a  son  of  Robert  Douglas  and  Charlotte  (Walford)  Rorison, 
extended  mention  of  whom  will  be  found  on  another  page  in  this  volume. 

Walford  D.  S.  Rorison  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Ren- 
frew, Ontario,  and  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  and  at  Manitoba  College  in  Winnipeg. 
He  came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  in  1899  DUt>  having  determined  to 
follow  the  profession  of  a  mining  engineer,  went  to  Longboro  Inlet,  where  for  a 
year  he  was  associated  with  the  Cuba  Silver  Mining  Company  as  assistant  to 
the  engineer  in  charge.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  returned  to  Vancouver  and 
took  up  the  study  of  law,  in  which  he  continued  for  one  year.  However,  his 
father's  business  had  in  the  meantime  grown  to  a  point  where  it  required  more 
time  and  attention  than  Robert  D.  Rorison  could  give  it  personally  and  he  accord- 
ingly persuaded  his  son  to  give  up  the  idea  of  a  professional  life  and  to  cast  his 
lot  along  business  lines.  The  association  between  father  and  son  which  was 
then  formed  continues  to  the  present  time  and  has  been  productive  of  excellent 
results.  The  business  was  first  conducted  under  the  name  of  R.  D.  Rorison  & 
Son  and  was  later  incorporated  as  R.  D.  Rorison  &  Son,  Ltd.,  with  Mr.  Rorison 
of  this  review  as  vice  president.  The  various  projects  promoted  and  operated 
by  this  company  are  given  extended  mention  in  the  biography  of  Robert  Douglas 
Rorison  in  this  work.  The  son  has  been  a  helpful  factor  in  the  building  up 
of  the  concern,  in  the  establishment  of  the  policies  which  have  made  it  great, 
and  he  has  shown  conclusively  that  his  choice  of  a  life  work  was  a  fortunate 
one,  his  business  ability  being  of  an  unusual  order.  Situations  calling  for  execu- 
tive power,  for  quickness  of  action,  for  comprehensive  grasp  of  detail  are  handled 


WALFORD  D.  S.  RORISON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  57 

by  him  in  a  systematic  and  able  way  and  his  developing  powers  have  aided 
greatly  in  the  building  up  of  the  great  concern  with  which  he  is  connected  and 
also  in  the  promotion  of  general  business  activity  in  Vancouver. 

It  is  not  alone  along  business  lines,  however,  that  Mr.  Rorison  has  done 
splendid  work,  for  from  an  early  date  in  his  career  he  has  been  interested  in 
military  affairs  and  is  today  one  of  the  most  distinguished  and  able  army  officers 
in  western  Canada.  As  a  boy  he  was  captain  and  drill  master  of  his  schoolmates 
and  while  at  college  he  kept  up  his  interest  in  military  affairs  and  in  athletics  as 
a  means  of  military  supremacy.  After  coming  to  Vancouver  he  became  actively 
associated  with  the  militia  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in  D  Company,  Sixth  Regi- 
ment, Duke  of  Connaught's  Own  Rifles.  He  rapidly  passed  the  various  examina- 
tions and  went  through  all  the  ranks  of  non-commissioned  officers  and  in  1907 
took  at  the  same  time  the  examinations  for  the  ranks  of  lieutenant  and  captain, 
being  granted  his  certificates  on  the  4th  of  July  of  the  same  year.  His  warrant 
was  signed  by  Earl  Grey,  September  26,  1907,  and  he  received  his  equitation 
certificate  January  10,  of  the  following  year,  taking  active  command  of  D  Com- 
pany, Sixth  Regiment,  in  which  he  had  originally  enlisted  as  a  private.  This 
command  he  resigned  in  1911  and  was  put  on  the  Corps  of  Reserve  of  D  Com- 
pany, later  taking  command  of  H  Company  of  the  same  regiment.  Again  he 
went  on  the  Corps  of  Reserve  and  in  January,  1913,  attended  the  school  of 
instruction  for  the  Canadian  Army  Service  Corps,  passing  the  lieutenant's  and 
captain's  examinations  and  being  granted  his  equitation  certificate  on  the  loth 
of  May,  1913.  After  the  camp,  which  was  concluded  June  14,  1913,  he  was 
transferred  to  D  Squadron,  Thirty-first  British  Columbia  Horse,  with  instruc- 
tions from  Lieutenant  Colonel  Charles  Flick  to  organize  the  first  troop  of  cav- 
alry on  the  lower  mainland  at  Eburn,  British  Columbia. 

As  an  officer  Mr.  Rorison  has  been  very  efficient  and  capable,  for  he  possesses 
the  necessary  executive  and  administrative  ability  and  power  of  control,  combined 
with  the  personal  characteristics  which  make  for  popularity  among  his  men 
and  with  his  superior  officers  as  well.  These  latter  respect  and  admire  his 
undoubted  ability  and  he  has  received  many  marks  of  honor  and  distinction  in 
recognition  of  his  constructive  and  able  military  service.  Though  a  junior 
officer,  he  was  appointed  to  command  a  company  at  the  military  maneuvers  held 
in  connection  with  the  tercentenary  celebration  at  Quebec  in  1908,  being  the 
only  officer  appointed  from  the  mainland  of  British  Columbia  to  represent  the 
infantry  at  that  celebration.  This  was  a  high  tribute  to  Mr.  Rorison's  efficiency 
as  an  officer  and  was  accorded  to  him  in  recognition  of  definite  work  which  he 
had  accomplished  along  organizing  lines. 

In  1910  Mr.  Rorison  became  interested  in  the  Boy  Scout  movement  and 
active  in  the  work  of  that  organization  in  Vancouver.  In  the  following  year  he 
had  the  pleasure  of  entertaining  in  his  home  Lieutenant  General  Sir  Robert 
Stephenson  Smyth  Baden-Powell,  who  in  1908,  on  his  first  visit  to  British 
Columbia,  organized  the  Boy  Scouts  in  this  province.  From  him  Mr.  Rorison 
obtained  at  first  hand  complete  information  on  the  objects  and  ideals  of  the 
organization  and  this  greatly  stimulated  his  interest  and  activity,  so  that  in  the 
fall  of  1911,  upon  the  resignation  of  Major  Tite  as  commissioner  of  the  Boy 
Scouts  for  the  mainland  of  British  Columbia,  he  succeeded  the  latter  in  that 
office  and  so  continues  to  the  present  time,  having  a  record  for  constructive  and 
systematic  work  along  this  line  which  cannot  be  surpassed  in  the  Dominion. 
When  he  took  charge  in  1911  there  were  only  seventy-five  boys  who  were  active 
members  of  the  Scouts,  while  at  the  present  time  there  are  three  hundred  on  the 
active  list  in  the  cities  of  Vancouver  and  North  Vancouver  alone.  On  Lieutenant 
General  Sir  Robert  Baden-Powell's  last  visit  to  the  province  he  praised  highly 
Mr.  Rorison's  work  and  recommended  its  continuance  along  the  lines  on  which 
it  had  been  begun,  for  he  recognized  the  organizing  ability  of  Major  Tite's 
successor  and  his  thorough  efficiency  in  the  work. 

On  the  8th  of  July,  1908,  Mr.  Rorison  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Lucy 
Wyman  Wright,  of  Renfrew,  Ontario,  a  daughter  of  Orange  Wright,  a  native 


58  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  that  city,  where  he  is  serving  as  a  customs  official.  The  Wright  family  came 
from  England  to  America  in  colonial  times,  settling  at  Boston,  where  they 
resided  for  a  number  of  years.  They,  however,  were  United  Empire  Loyalists 
and  during  the  American  revolution  moved  to  Canada,  settling  as  pioneers  in 
Ottawa  valley,  Ontario.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rorison  have  two  children:  Charlotte 
Amy  Wright,  who  was  born  May  19,  1909;  and  Robert  Douglas,  born  April 
28,  1911. 

Mr.  Rorison  is  a  member  of  St.  John's  Presbyterian  church  and  is  connected 
fraternally  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  belonging  to  the  Ren- 
frew, Ontario,  lodge,  of  which  his  father  is  a  charter  member.  A  man  of  forceful 
personality,  varied  interests,  keen  and  well  developed  qualities  of  mind,  he  is 
recognized  as  one  of  Vancouver's  representative  citizens,  the  value  of  whose 
work  along  military  and  business  lines  it  is  almost  impossible  to  estimate.  By 
reason  of  the  mature  judgment  which  characterizes  all  of  his  efforts  he  stands 
today  as  a  splendid  type  of  the  prominent  capitalist  and  man  of  affairs  to  whom 
business  is  but  one  phase  of  life  and  does  not  exclude  active  participation  in 
the  many  other  vital  interests  which  go  to  make  up  the  sum  of  human  existence. 


DAVID  E.  BROWN. 

Since  starting  in  the  business  world  David  E.  Brown  has  advanced  step  by 
step,  overcoming  all  difficulties  and  obstacles  and  achieving  success  through 
merit  and  ability.  He  is  now  president  of  D.  E.  Brown,  Hope  &  Macaulay,  Lim- 
ited, in  which  connection  he  has  won  for  the  company  a  creditable  and  enviable 
reputation  in  the  insurance,  loan,  investment  and  real-estate  field.  His  knowledge 
of  matters  essential  along  those  lines  is  comprehensive  and  exact,  and  with  added 
executive  force  he  has  gained  a  large  and  desirable  clientage.  The  place  of  his 
nativity  was  Owen  Sound,  Ontario,  and  the  date,  March  20,  1855,  his  parents 
being  George  and  Margaret  Brown.  After  attending  public  school  at  Owen 
Sound  and  Fergus,  Ontario,  Mr.  Brown  sought  and  obtained  employment  with 
the  Great  Western  Railway  in  Canada,  being  connected  with  that  corporation  for 
five  or  six  years.  He  continued  in  railway  work  with  the  Hamilton  &  Northwest- 
ern until  that  corporation  was  absorbed  by  the  Northern  Railway  of  Canada,  and 
the  system  was  called  the  Northern  &  Northwestern  Railway  of  Canada,  for 
whom  he  continued  as  agent,  traveling  auditor,  cashier  and  accountant  at  the  lake 
ports,  thus  serving  until  1883.  In  the  latter  year  he  accepted  the  position  of  local 
freight  agent  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  at  Winnipeg,  continuing  so  until  1886,  when 
he  was  transferred  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  as  district  freight  and  passen- 
ger agent.  He  subsequently  became  assistant  general  freight  and  passenger  agent 
of  western  lines,  his  jurisdiction  extending  east  as  far  as  Port  Arthur  and  Fort 
William.  In  1892  he  became  general  agent  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  in  the  Orient, 
and  for  fourteen  years  did  important  work  for  the  company  in  that  section  of  the 
globe  as  general  manager  for  Asia,  with  headquarters  at  Hong  Kong.  Returning 
to  Vancouver  in  1906,  he  became  general  superintendent  of  the  company's  Pacific 
steamers,  holding  that  office  for  one  year.  Upon  his  retirement  on  a  pension  from 
the  Canadian  Pacific  in  1907,  following  twenty-four  years  in  the  service  of  that 
corporation,  he  established  himself  as  an  insurance  and  financial  broker  in  Van- 
couver, also  doing  a  general  railroad  and  steamship  business,  organizing  the  firm 
of  D.  E.  Brown  &  Company.  For  a  year  the  business  was  conducted  under  that 
style  and  was  then  incorporated  as  D.  E.  Brown  &  Macaulay,  Ltd.,  and  reorganized 
in  1913,  under  the  style  of  D.  E.  Brown,  Hope  &  Macaulay,  Limited.  Mr.  Brown 
was  elected  president  of  the  company  and  he  is  still  filling  that  position.  As  its 
chief  executive  officer  he  controls  and  directs  the  policy  of  the  firm  which  has 
gained  a  substantial  position  in  connection  with  insurance,  loans  and  investments, 
and  also  has  operated  in  the  real-estate  field.  They  handle  for  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Irrigation  Colonization  Company,  farm  lands  in  British  Columbia,  Alberta, 


DAVID  E.  BROWN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  61 

Manitoba  and  Saskatchewan.  They  are  passenger  agents  also  for  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Company's  railway  and  steamship  lines,  doing  a  general  railway  and  steam- 
ship passenger  business  as  agents  for  all  trans-Atlantic  and  Pacific  lines.  They 
are  also  passenger  agents  for  the  Southern  and  Union  Pacific,  the  Oregon  Short 
Line,  and  the  Oregon- Washington  Railroad  &  Navigation  Company,  better  known 
under  the  name  of  the  "Harriman  system."  They  maintain  a  branch  office  in 
London,  England,  and  their  business  along  these  lines  is  so  large  that  the 
firm  is  conceded  to  be  one  of  the  foremost  in  the  province.  Aside  from  the  activi- 
ties of  the  company,  Mr.  Brown  owns  individually  considerable  real  estate  in 
British  Columbia. 

The  political  indorsement  of  Mr.  Brown  is  given  to  the  conservative  party. 
He  has  for  a  considerable  period  been  identified  with  the  Masonic  fraternity,  in 
which  he  has  taken  the  degrees  of  the  Scottish  Rite.  He  is  an  Anglican  in  relig- 
ious faith.  Mr.  Brown  is  a  prominent  club  man,  being  a  member  of  the  Terminal 
City,  Vancouver,  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf  and  Vancouver  Country  Clubs  of 
Vancouver;  the  St.  James  Club,  of  Montreal;  and  the  Thatched  House  Club, 
of  London.  Mr.  Brown  resides  at  Shaughnessy  Heights. 


WILLIAM  ARTHUR  DASHWOOD-JONES. 

William  Arthur  Dashwood- Jones,  for  twenty-one  years  a  representative  of 
the  provincial  government  in  various  official  positions,  has  since  the  ist  of  August, 
1908,  served  as  deputy  provincial  assessor.  In  every  connection  his  record  has 
been  marked  by  a  patriotic  devotion  to  the  general  good  and  in  the  discharge 
of  his  duties  he  has  ever  placed  the  public  welfare  before  personal  aggrandize- 
ment. He  was  born  March  25,  1858,  at  Kinson,  Dorset,  England,  a  son  of 
Captain  Dashwood- Jones,  R.  A.,  and  Annie  Selina  (Waters)  Dash  wood- Jones, 
both  of  whom  passed  away  many  years  ago.  The  paternal  grandfather  was 
General  W.  D.  Jones,  R.  A.,  a  veteran  of  the  Crimean  and  Peninsular  wars  and 
related  to  several  of  the  oldest  families  in  England.  The  elder  branch  of  the 
family  lives  at  Craner  Hall,  Fakenham,  Norfolk,  England. 

William  A.  Dashwood- Jones  pursued  his  education  in  the  Wimborne  grammar 
school  and  in  the  University  College  School  of  London,  preparing  for  Cam- 
bridge. He  did  not  graduate,  however,  but  left  that  institution  at  the  age  of 
seventeen  years  on  account  of  the  loss  of  his  income.  On  the  3d  of  March,  1876, 
he  left  his  native  land,  then  a  youth  of  eighteen  years,  and  on  the  2ist  of  April, 
following,  arrived  in  Nanaimo,  British  Columbia,  where  he  remained  for  some 
time  with  an  uncle,  the  late  Archdeacon  Mason,  and  his  family.  For  a  short 
time  he  engaged  in  farming  in  Cowichan  and  later  traveled  about.  He  put  in  a 
season  on  the  Skeena  at  Turner  Beeton's  cannery,  also  at  a  cannery  on  the  Fraser 
at  Canoe  Pass,  previous  to  taking  up  the  work  of  railway  construction  in  the 
beginning  of  1880.  He  joined  the  Dominion  government  staff  of  engineers  on 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway  construction  as  rodman  and  subsequently  was  made 
secretary  to  H.  A.  F.  MacLeod,  resident  engineer  near  Spences  Bridge  in 
December.,  1880,  and  left  there  in  1885  to  join  the  British  Columbia  Express 
Company.  When  the  Dominion  Express  Company  took  over  their  railway  work 
he  was  in  their  employ  for  a  year.  In  1887  he  embarked  in  business  on  his 
own  account  as  a  dealer  in  produce  in  New  Westminster,  and  so  continued  until 
1892,  when  the  hard  times  compelled  him  to  withdraw  from  that  field  of  com- 
merce. He  shipped  the  first  fresh  salmon  across  the  Rocky  mountains  over  the 
Canadian  Pacific  soon  after  through  trains  were  put  upon  that  line. 

•  In  1893  Mr-  Dashwood-Jones  entered  the  service  of  the  provincial  govern- 
ment and  is  still  in  that  employ.  On  the  ist  of  May,  1893,  ne  was  appointed 
clerk  in  the  land  registry  office  for  the  provincial  government.  On  the  ist  of 
May,  1905,  he  was  made  revenue  tax  collector  and  clerk  in  the  provincial 
assessor's  office,  and  on  the  ist  of  August,  1908,  was  promoted  to  the  position 


62  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  deputy  provincial  assessor.  He  was  also  school  trustee  of  the  city  of  New 
Westminster  in  1903  and  1904,  and  the  cause  of  education  found  in  him  a  stal- 
wart champion,  ready  to  promote  any  activity  or  adopt  any  project  that  would 
advance  the  best  interests  of  the  schools  of  the  city.  In  all  of  his  official 
positions  he  has  been  prompt,  faithful  and  capable  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties, 
and  the  excellent  record  he  has  made  is  attested  by  the  fact  that  he  has  been 
retained  in  the  employ  of  the  provincial  government  through  two  decades. 

On  the  1 6th  of  March,  1886,  at  Spences  Bridge,  Mr.  Dashwood-Jones  was 
married  to  Miss  Jennie  Anne  Clemes,  a  daughter  of  the  late  William  Clemes,  a 
farmer  of  Manitoba  and  a  representative  of  a  Cornish  family  that  was  estab- 
lished in  Canada  about  a  half  century  ago.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dashwood-Jones  are  the 
parents  of  five  children:  Edith  Mary,  now  the  wife  of  Maitland  Shore, 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway  agent  at  Merritt,  British  Columbia ;  Grace  Constance ; 
Stewart  Lawrence,  a  law  student  with  Milton  Price,  barrister  of  Vancouver; 
Ellen  Kathleen;  and  Victor  Neville.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dashwood-Jones  hold  mem- 
bership in  the  English  church,  being  identified  with  the  congregation  of  St. 
Alban's  at  Burnaby.  In  politics  he  has  always  been  a  conservative.  He  belongs 
to  the  New  Westminster  Club  and  he  is  a  past  master  of  King  Solomon  Lodge, 
No.  17,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  a  member  of  Rose  of  Columbia  Lodge  of  the  Sons 
of  England.  For  a  number  of  years  he  has  been  a  director  in  the  Royal  Agri- 
cultural and  Industrial  Society  of  New  Westminster  and  is  extremely  active  in 
horticultural  circles.  He  has  ever  taken  the  deepest  interest  in  horticulture  and 
its  promotion.  About  five  years  ago  he  met  with  a  severe  accident  through  a 
cut  with  a  pane  of  glass  in  his  greenhouse,  which  almost  totally  disabled  his 
right  hand.  Within  two  months,  however,  he  learned  to  write  with  his  left  hand, 
and  has  continued  to  work  in  his  official  connection  to  the  present  time.  His 
interest  in  horticulture  has  been  a  salient  feature  in  his  life  for  many  years, 
and  he  is  today  well  known  at  most  of  the  floral  shows  as  a  successful  exhibitor 
and  frequently  acts  in  the  capacity  of  judge  when  not  exhibiting.  He  thoroughly 
understands  the  scientific  as  well  as  the  practical  phases  of  horticulture  and  his 
efforts  along  that  line  constitute  an  even  balance  to  his  activity  in  his  official 
connections. 


ALEXANDER  PEERS. 

Among  the  men  who  were  active  in  inaugurating  and  shaping  the  agricultural 
development  of  the  section  around  New  Westminster  was  numbered  Alexander 
Peers,  one  of  the  first  to  preempt  land  in  this  locality  and  who  for  many  years 
was  known  as  a  successful  and  able  farmer.  His  death,  therefore,  on  the  I2th 
of  November,  1899,  deprived  the  region  of  one  of  its  real  pioneers  and,  although 
the  later  years  of  his  life  were  spent  in  retirement,  his  contributions  to  general  de- 
velopment and  growth  were  important  and  substantial. 

Mr.  Peers  was  born  in  Woodstock,  Ontario,  in  1837,  and  was  a  son  of  William 
and  Hulda  Peers,  the  former  a  prosperous  and  substantial  farmer  in  that  prov- 
ince. In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Alexander  Peers  attended  public  school 
in  Woodstock  and  later  entered  Victoria  College  at  Cobourg.  He  afterwards  ob- 
tained his  teachers'  certificate  and  for  some  time  engaged  in  teaching  in  eastern 
Canada,  coming  west  about  1869  with  the  determination  to  seek  his  fortune  in  the 
newly  developed  province  of  British  Columbia.  After  his  arrival  he  preempted 
land  at  Chilliwack  and  remained  in  that  vicinity  for  about  thirteen  years,  turning 
his  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits.  He  engaged  in  general  farming  and  stock- 
raising  and  success  steadily  attended  his  well  directed  and  practical  labors  until  he 
became  finally  one  of  the  representative,  substantial  and  prosperous  agriculturists 
in  that  vicinity.  Eventually,  however,  he  sold  his  ranch  and  came  to  New  West- 
minster when  it  was  a  mere  village,  buying  property  and  engaging  in  poultry 
raising  and  gardening.  He  followed  this  occupation  not  so  much  in  order  to  gain 


ALEXANDEE  PEEKS 


MARGARET  PEERS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  67 

a  livelihood  as  that  he  might  be  active,  as  idleness  was  irksome  to  him  and  after 
he  had  abandoned  it,  he  lived  retired  in  New  Westminster,  where  he  became 
widely  and  favorably  known  as  a  man  of  genuine  personal  worth,  effective  public 
spirit  and  high  standards  of  business  and  personal  integrity. 

On  the  3ist  of  May,  1874,  Mr.  Peers  married  Miss  Margaret  Wells,  a  daughter 
of  Allen  and  Martha  Wells.  Mrs.  Peers  survives  her  husband  and  makes  her 
home  in  New  Westminster.  She  is  a  descendant  of  old  United  Empire  Loyalist 
stock  and  as  a  young  woman  came  to  British  Columbia,  watching  through  the 
years  the  great  change  which  has  practically  transformed  this  region  and  revolu- 
tionized its  business  conditions.  She  is  interested  in  questions  of  general  im- 
portance and  in  everything  relating  to  the  welfare  and  growth  of  the  city  where 
her  excellent  qualities  of  character  have  gained  her  a  wide  and  representative 
circle  of  friends. 

Mr.  Peers  gave  his  political  allegiance  to  the  liberal  party  and  was  a  devout 
member  of  the  Methodist  church,  guiding  his  upright  and  honorable  life  by  the 
principles  in  which  he  believed.  He  was  a  strong  advocate  of  temperance  and  did 
a  great  deal  to  promote  this  cause  throughout  the  province.  Throughout  the 
period  of  his  residence  here  he  witnessed  practically  the  entire  growth  and  de- 
velopment of  New  Westminster  and  the  surrounding  country  and  his  public- 
spirited  work  in  the  general  interests  of  the  community  made  him  widely  and 
favorably  known.  His  death  therefore  removed  from  the  city  one  whom  it  could 
ill  afford  to  lose,  a  man  whose  strength  of  purpose  and  undaunted  energy  found 
expression  in  earnest  and  well  directed  work  in  the  promotion  of  civic  develop- 
ment and  in  the  support  of  projects  and  measures  for  advancement  and  growth. 


HENRY   A.    STONE. 

Henry  A.  Stone  as  managing  director  of  Gault  Brothers'  dry-goods  estab- 
lishment at  Vancouver  occupies  a  prominent  position  in  the  commercial  circles 
of  the  city  and  is  equally  widely  known  because  of  his  public  spirit  and  his 
active  and  helpful  connection  with  the  Board  of  Trade.  Indomitable  energy  and 
perseverance  carry  him  forward  to  success  in  whatever  line  he  engages,  and  his 
efforts  are  at  all  times  guided  by  sound  judgment,  productive  of  splendid  results. 
A  native  of  London,  England,  Mr.  Stone  was  born  in  1863,  his  parents  being 
William  and  Susan  M.  (Bluck)  Stone,  the  former  a  native  of  Scotland  and  the 
latter  of  England.  The  father  was  a  merchant  of  London  and  many  times  vis- 
ited Canada  but  never  became  a  permanent  resident  of  the  Dominion.  In 
Masonic  circles  in  England  he  was  very  prominent,  being  identified  with  the  order 
for  more  than  a  half  century.  Both  he  and  his  wife  have  now  passed  away. 
They  were  parents  of  six  children,  but  only  two  came  to  the  new  world,  Henry 
A.  and  Charles  E.,  the  latter  a  resident  of  Toronto. 

After  acquiring  his  education  in  a  private  college  of  London,  Henry  A.  Stone 
was  apprenticed  to  the  dry-goods  business  in  that  city,  and  in  1882  came  to 
Canada,  settling  in  Toronto,  where  he  was  in  the  employ  of  others  for  a  time, 
but  later  engaged  in  the  dry-goods  business  on  his  own  account.  He  remained 
an  active  factor  in  trade  circles  there  until  1902,  when  he  made  arrangements 
with  Gault  Brothers  to  come  to  Vancouver  as  managing  director  of  their  branch 
house  in  this  city.  The  firm  of  The  Gault  Brothers  Company,  Ltd.,  wholesale  dry- 
goods  merchants,  was  founded  in  Montreal  more  than  sixty  years  ago.  In  1898, 
when  the  population  of  Vancouver  was  twenty-three  thousand,  Andrew  F.  Gault, 
the  organizer  of  the  firm,  accompanied  by  James  Rodger,  visited  this  city  and,  rec- 
ognizing something  of  what  the  future  had  in  store  for  it,  decided  to  esablish  a 
branch  house  here,  which  was  done  the  following  year.  Since  that  time  it  has 
been  necessary  on  two  or  three  different  occasions  to  secure  enlarged  quarters, 
and  the  business  in  Vancouver  was  organized  as  a  separate  company  under  the 

name  of  Gault  Brothers,  Ltd.    Their  wholesale  dry-goods  establishment  occupies 
Vf  i.  in— 3 


68  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

a  modern  seven-story  building  at  No.  361  Water  street,  containing  forty  thousand 
feet  of  floor  space.  The  employes  number  thirty-five,  including  seven  traveling 
salesmen,  and  the  business  extends  largely  over  British  Columbia  and  the  Yukon 
district.  As  managing  director  Mr.  Stone  bends  his  energies  to  administrative 
direction  and  executive  control  and  his  well  formulated  and  carefully  executed 
plans  are  productive  of  splendid  success. 

Since  coming  to  Vancouver,  Mr.  Stone  has  become  a  most  active  factor  in  the 
work  of  the  Board  of  Trade,  of  which  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  council 
for  ten  years,  while  in  1908  he  occupied  the  presidential  chair.  For  six  years 
he  was  chairman  of  the  land  settlement  committee  of  the  board  and  throughout 
the  entire  period  of  his  connection  with  the  board  he  has  persistently  placed 
before  the  merchants  and  citizens  of  the  city  the  necessity  of  land  settlement  in 
the  furtherance  of  trade  increase  and  provincial  development.  For  three  years 
he  was  chairman  of  the  freight  rates  committee  of  the  Board  of  Trade  and  gave 
liberally  of  his  time  and  energy  to  secure  the  revision  of  freight  rates  on  goods 
coming  into  this  province,  his  efforts  being  crowned  with  a  large  measure  of  suc- 
cess. He  has  carefully  studied  all  of  the  important  questions  coming  before  the 
board,  and  his  public  spirit,  combined  with  the  recognition  of  the  needs,  the  oppor- 
tunities and  the  resources  of  the  city,  has  enabled  him  to  so  direct  public  thought 
and  action  through  the  board  as  to  secure  the  adoption  of  various  plans  and 
projects  that  have  been  of  material  benefit  to  the  city.  Mr.  Stone  was  also  a 
director  of  the  First  International  Apple  Show,  held  in  Vancouver,  which  did  as 
much  and  probably  more  in  the  way  of  advertising  the  resources  of  British  Colum- 
bia than  any  exhibit  ever  shown  in  the  province. 

In  1888,  in  Old  Barnes  church,  in  Putney,  England,  Mr.  Stone  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Beatrice  H.  Philps,  a  native  of  that  country.  The  three 
children  of  this  marriage  are:  Frances  M.,  the  wife  of  W.  R.  Mathews,  of 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania;  Horace  G.,  now  attending  McGill  University  at 
Montreal;  and  Elsie  V.,  at  home.  Mr.  Stone  is  a  conservative,  but  never  active 
in  party  ranks.  He  served  in  the  Queen's  Own  Rifles  of  Toronto  and  held  a 
sergeant's  certificate.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  belongs 
to  the  Terminal  City,  Progress  and  Canadian  Clubs,  enjoying  their  social  features 
and  taking  an  active  and  helpful  part  in  their  efforts  to  advance  the  interests  and 
promote  the  welfare  of  the  city.  He  is  a  public-spirited  man  and  one  whose 
efforts  have  been  of  far-reaching  influence. 


LIEUTENANT  COLONEL  THE  HON.  E.  G.  PRIOR. 

The  life  history  of  Colonel  E.  G.  Prior  is  inseparably  interwoven  with  the 
history  of  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  and  of  Canada.  He  has  been  a  cabinet 
officer,  a  member  of  parliament,  member  of  the  provincial  parliament  and  premier 
of  British  Columbia,  and,  moreover,  is  one  of  the  foremost  business  men  of 
Vancouver  island.  His  position  socially,  politically  and  commercially  is  a  most 
prominent  one.  He  has  been  identified  with  all  the  progressive  movements  that 
have  tended  to  better  social  and  civic  conditions  in  the  community  for  an  extended 
period,  and  at  all  times,  while  working  toward  high  ideals,  he  has  employed 
practical  methods  that  have  proved  effective  in  attaining  the  result  desired. 

He  was  born  May  21,  1853,  at  Dallaghgill,  near  Ripon,  in  Yorkshire,  England, 
the  second  son  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Prior,  vicar  of  that  place,  and  Hannah  Prior. 
Both  parents  are  now  deceased.  The  son  was  educated  at  Leeds  grammar  school 
and  afterward  served  his  articles  as  mining  engineer  in  Wakefield.  In  November, 
1873,  he  engaged  with  the  Vancouver  Coal  Mining  &  Land  Company,  Ltd.,  and 
came  to  Vancouver  island  as  engineer  for  that  company,  with  which  he  remained 
until  1878.  When  the  Mine  Inspection  Act  was  passed  the  miners  of  the  country 
petitioned  the  government  to  make  Mr.  Prior  government  inspector  of  mines, 
which  request  was  accordingly  complied  with. 


HON.  E.  G.  PRIOR 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  71 

In  1880,  however,  having  found  that  a  government  position  offered  little 
opportunity  for  advancement,  Mr.  Prior  purchased  half  the  business  of  Alfred 
Fellows,  a  hardware  merchant,  who  had  opened  a  store  in  1859.  The  firm 
then  became  Fellows  &  Prior  and  continued  as  such  until  1883,  when  Mr.  Prior 
purchased  his  partner's  interest.  When  he  entered  the  business  in  1880  there 
was  only  one  employe  and  the  store  was  located  on  Yates  street.  When  Mr. 
Prior  took  over  the  entire  business  he  began  making  plans  for  its  expansion, 
resolving  that  he  would  increase  the  sales  if  it  could  be  done  by  honorable, 
progressive  methods.  The  result  of  the  enterprising  spirit  and  contagious  enthu- 
siasm which  he  introduced  as  a  factor  in  the  business  had  immediate  results 
and  his  growing  trade  led  to  his  admitting  G.  F.  Mathews  to  a  partnership  in 
the  business  in  1886.  In  1891  they  were  joined  by  G.  W.  Wynne,  who  had 
commenced  with  Mr.  Fellows,  and  in  1905  by  C.  P.  W.  Schwengers.  These  four 
gentlemen  own  the  entire  stock  of  E.  G.  Prior  &  Company,  Ltd.,  under  which 
name  the  business  was  incorporated  in  1891.  The  head  offices  and  warehouses 
are  situated  in  Victoria,  with  branch  houses  in  Vancouver  and  Kamloops.  The  reg- 
ular staff  today  consists  of  over  ninety-five  people  and  ninety-four  thousand  square 
feet  of  floor  space  is  utilized.  The  firm  has  offices  in  both  London,  England, 
and  New  York,  and  their  business  covers  the  whole  of  British  Columbia.  They 
have  an  extensive  trade  in  iron  and  hardware  as  well  as  in  machinery,  and  are 
the  sole  agents  in  this  province  for  many  of  the  largest  firms  in  the  world. 
They  issue  a  hardware  catalogue  of  over  eight  hundred  pages  and  a  smaller 
machinery  catalogue.  Their  regular  customers  include  nearly  all  of  the  owners 
of  the  largest  mills,  mines  and  railways  and  the  foremost  contractors  and  farmers 
in  the  province.  Theirs  has  been  a  steadily  growing  business  that  owes  its 
success  in  major  part  to  the  man  whose  name  it  bears. 

Mr.  Prior  is  essentially  a  typical,  energetic  business  man  of  the  present 
age — methodical,  systematic,  aggressive,  affable  and  always  approachable.  .The 
same  qualities,  too,  indicate  his  fitness  for  activity  in  politics,  and  his  fellow 
townsmen,  desiring  his  services  in  that  connection,  elected  him  a  member  of  the 
British  Columbia  legislature,  in  which  he  served  from  1886  until  1888,  when 
he  resigned  to  become  a  candidate  for  the  house  of  commons,  to  which  he  was 
returned  by  acclamation.  He  was  reelected  in  1891,  1896  and  1900,  a  fact  indica- 
tive of  his  fidelity  and  capability  in  office.  He  has  ever  subordinated  self- 
aggrandizement  to  the  public  good,  and  he  stands  loyally  in  support  of  every 
principle  in  which  he  believes.  During  the  Sir  Mackenzie-Bowell's  ministry  in 
1895  Mr.  Prior  was  controller  of  inland  revenue,  with  a  seat  in  the  cabinet,  and 
was  also  with  Sir  Charles  Tupper's  ministry  until  its  resignation  in  1896.  In 
November,  1902,  he  was  made  premier  of  British  Columbia  and  so  continued 
until  June,  1903. 

Mr.  Prior  was  elected  a  life  member  of  the  North  of  England  Institute  of 
Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineers  in  1875.  He  *s  also  vice  president  of  the 
Victoria  Board  of  Trade.  His  military  serivce  has  also  brought  him  prominently 
into  public  notice.  For  several  years  he  was  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  Fifth 
Regiment  Garrison  Artillery  of  British  Columbia,  continuing  in  that  position 
from  1888  until  1896.  He  holds  a  certificate  of  qualification  from  the  Royal 
School  of  Artillery,  and  he  was  twice  president  of  the  Dominion  Artillery  Asso- 
ciation. He  was  appointed  extra  aid-de-camp  of  two  of  the  governor  generals  of 
Canada,  Lord  Stanley  and  Lord  Aberdeen,  being  first  called  to  the  position  in 
1889,  and  he  commanded  the  Canadian  Rifle  Team  at  Bisley,  England,  in  1890. 

In  1878  Mr.  Prior  married  Suzette  Work,  of  Victoria,  and  by  this  marriage 
a  son  and  three  daughters  were  born :  Helen  Kendell  Mouncey,  the  eldest,  is  now 
the  wife  of  Captain,  the  Hon.  F.  G.  Hood,  R.  E.,  stationed  in  Ireland;  Cecelia 
Maud  is  the  wife  of  Judge  Lampman,  of  Victoria ;  Basil  Gawler  is  engaged  in 
the  real-estate  business  in  Victoria ;  Jessie  Burton  is  at  home.  The  mother  passed 
away  in  1897  and  in  1899  Mr.  Prior  was  again  married,  his  second  union  being 
with  Genevieve  B.  Wright,  a  daughter  of  Captain  Thomas  Wright,  of  San 


72  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Francisco.     In  addition  to  his  city  residence  in  Victoria  Colonel  Prior  has  a 
beautiful  country  home  on  the  shores  of  Shawnigan  lake  on  Vancouver  island. 

Colonel  Prior  is  a  member  of  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria,  of  which  he  is 
now  the  president.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  Club  of  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia,  and  the  United  Empire  Club  of  London,  England.  Politically  he  is 
a  conservative.  He  is  fond  of  motoring  and  fishing  and  much  of  his  recreation 
comes  to  him  along  those  lines.  His  ability  to  meet  all  men  affably  and  tact- 
fully, his  thorough  business  methods  and  his  faculty  for  careful  organization, 
together  with  other  cardinal  virtues  of  the  successful  business  man — industry, 
honesty,  system  and  one  price  for  all — are  the  secrets  of  his  commercial  pros- 
perity. Always  pleasant  and  courteous,  calm  and  serene  at  all  times  and  under 
any  circumstances,  he  wins  friends  wherever  he  goes.  Under  a  quiet  exterior, 
however,  there  is  an  underlying  force  of  will  and  reserve.  He  is  a  man  who 
has  fought  battles  in  the  political  and  business  arena  for  the  mere  love  of  winning 
the  victory,  and  the  greater  the  difficulties  the  more  determined  and  persistent 
his  purpose.  He  commands  and  holds  the  respect  and  loyalty  of  his  associates 
and  his  employes.  He  has  with  him  men  who  have  been  in  his  service  for  the 
past  twenty  or  thirty  years,  and  no  higher  testimonial  of  his  character  could 
be  given  than  this. 


HENRY  VALENTINE  EDMONDS. 

The  prestige  of  the  Edmonds  name  has  been  so  long  established  in  the  prov- 
ince of  British  Columbia,  and  especially  in  the  city  of  New  Westminster,  that 
no  introduction  is  necessary  to  recall  one  of  the  foremost  personalities  that 
shap.ed  the  early  history  and  development  of  the  institutions  and  business  affairs 
of  this  city.  The  late  Henry  Valentine  Edmonds,  whose  place  and  influence  in 
the  history  of  British  Columbia  deserve  especial  prominence,  was  born  in  Dublin, 
Ireland,  February  14,  1837,  and  died  in  Vancouver,  this  province,  on  the  I4th 
day  of  June,  1897.  He  was  the  second  son  of  William  and  Matilda  E.  (Hum- 
phries) Edmonds,  both  natives  of  Dublin.  On  the  paternal  side  the  descent  is 
traced  from  an  old  English  family  that  settled  in  Ireland  during  the  early  days, 
and  on  the  maternal  side  the  ancestry  in  French  Huguenot,  the  forbears  escap- 
ing from  France  at  the  time  of  the  St.  Bartholomew  massacre  and  the  subse- 
quent persecution  of  the  Huguenots. 

Until  his  twelfth  year  the  late  Mr.  Edmonds  was  educated  in  the  schools  of 
his  native  city,  Dublin,  and  then  the  family  removed  to  Liverpool,  England, 
where  he  attended  the  High  School  Mechanics  Institute.  He  later  went  abroad 
on  the  continent  and  was  a  student  in  the  famous  Moravian  Institute  at  Neuwied 
on  the  Rhine,  finishing  his  education  in  Dresden,  Saxony.  His  early  business 
career  was  spent  in  Liverpool,  and  later  in  London.  While  in  the  latter  city  he 
joined  the  First  Surrey  Volunteers,  the  first  of  the  new  corps  established  in  that 
city,  but  upon  the  formation  of  the  London  Irish  Volunteers  he  joined  his  national 
corps.  Passing  rapidly  through  the  non-commissioned  ranks,  he  was  selected  by 
the  Marquis  of  Donegal,  the  colonel  commanding,  as  ensign  of  a  new  company, 
especially  formed  for  the  marquis'  son-in-law,  Lord  Ashley.  On  receiving 
this  appointment,  July  5,  1860,  Mr.  Edmonds  was  attached  to  the  Third  Batta- 
lion Grenadier  Guards  for  drill  instruction,  and  passed  with  a  first-class  certifi- 
cate. On  April  13,  1861,  he  was  promoted  to  a  lieutenancy,  and  held  this  rank 
until  he  resigned  in  April,  1862,  in  order  to  come  to  British  Columbia.  At  that 
time  he  stood  second  on  the  list  for  succession  to  the  captaincy.  Lieutenant  Ed- 
monds took  part  in  the  celebrated  revie\vs  held  in  1860  in  Hyde  Park,  in  i86[ 
at  Wimbleton,  and  in  1862  at  Brighton,  under  the  late  Lord  Clyde.  One  day, 
after  he  had  taken  part  in  a  parade,  he  was  with  part  of  his  company  when  the 
London  Bridge  fire  occurred,  and  he  and  his  men  rendered  material  service  in 
keeping  the  grounds  clear  so  that  the  firemen  could  work  freely. 


HENRY  VALENTINE  EDMONDS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  75 

9 

In  May,  1862,  Mr.  Edmonds  sailed  from  England,  and  on  the  following  4th 
of  July  arrived  in  San  Francisco.  He  was  there  during  the  great  rejoicing 
occasioned  by  the  passage  through  congress  of  the  Pacific  Railway  bill.  In  the 
same  year  he  came  on  to  Victoria  and  thence  to  New  Westminster,  where  his 
career  of  usefulness  was  to  henceforth  be  so  conspicuously  wrought  out.  For 
twenty-five  years  he  was  one  of  the  foremost  real-estate  and  insurance  men  of 
New  Westminster,  doing  business  with  nearly  all  of  the  property  holders  of  the 
city.  At  the  same  time  he  gave  his  efforts  gratuitously  to  the  advancement  of  all 
the  best  interests  of  the  city.  He  was  active  in  the  organization  of  the  Royal 
Columbian  Hospital  and  the  Mechanics  Institute,  and  his  services  as  secretary, 
treasurer  or  president  were  always  in  demand.  On  the  formation  of  the  Board 
of  Trade  in  New  Westminster  he  served  as  its  secretary  for  the  first  year,  and 
had  much  to  do  with  carrying  out  the  details  of  the  board's  organization,  later 
being  its  vice  president  and  for  many  years  continuing  as  a  factor  in  its  work. 
He  gave  freely  of  both  means  and  time  for  the  proper  celebration  of  such  annual 
events  as  the  Queen's  anniversary,  and  also  for  the  reception  of  distinguished 
visitors  that  came  to  the  city.  He  worked  hard  in  committee  and  in  private  to 
make  these  occasions  a  credit  to  the  city.  He  is  honored  as  the  originator  of  the 
May  Day  festival  throughout  the  province  and  the  first  celebration  of  that  day 
was  held  in  his  city. 

He  helped  to  organize  the  Howe  Sound  Silver  Mining  Companv  and  the 
Fraser  River  Beet  Sugar  Company.  In  1873  he  and  other  public-spirited  citi- 
zens organized  the  Fraser  Valley  Railway  Company,  of  which  he  was  made 
secretary.  Later  this  became  the  New  Westminster  Southern  Railway  Com- 
pany, in  which  he  continued  his  interests.  In  December,  1867,  he  was  appointed 
clerk  of  the  municipal  council  and  during  the  seven  years  of  his  incumbency 
of  that  office  all  the  city's  business  was  performed  without  any  legal  costs  to  the 
community.  He  himself  drew  up  all  the  by-laws  and  did  all  the  work  necessi- 
tated by  the  incorporation  of  the  city. 

In  December,  1872,  .Mr.  Edmonds  was  selected  as  the  agent  of  the  govern- 
ment under  the  Walkem  government.  In  addition  to  the  exaction  of  his  private 
affairs,  he  performed  all  the  duties  of  this  office  for  the  district  of  New  West- 
minster until  January,  1876,  when,  on  the  advent  into  power  of  the  Elliott  minis- 
try, it  was  decided  to  apportion  the  duties  of  agent  to  several  officers.  Mr. 
Edmonds,  thenceforth,  until  July,  1880,  retained  the  office  of  sheriff  and  gave  a 
most  creditable  performance  of  its  work.  He  enjoyed  the  confidence  of  the 
entire  legal  profession  and  no  suits  were  ever  brought  against  him  nor  did  he 
bring  any,  except  such  as  were  entirely  justified  and  eventuated  in  his  favor. 

In  18*70,  on  the  organization  of  the  New  Westminster  Rifle  Volunteers  under 
the  late  Captain  Bushby,  Mr.  Edmonds  was  appointed  adjutant,  which  position 
he  held  until  1874  when,  on  the  formation  of  the  No.  i  Rifle  Company,  he  was 
gazetted  as  captain,  the  following  memorandum  being  a  part  of  his  record: 
"Formerly  lieutenant  London  Irish  Volunteers,  holding  A-i  certificate  for  effi- 
ciency, and  remained  in  command  until  May,  1875,  when  he  retired  retaining 
rank  of  lieutenant." 

Mr.  Edmonds  served  his  city  both  in  council  and  as  its  honorable  mayor  and 
also  stood  for  the  provincial  legislature,  as  an  independent  candidate,  but  was 
defeated.  In  1883  he  received  the  appointment  of  justice  of  the  peace  for  New 
Westminster  city  and  district.  Throughout  his  career  in  this  city  his  confidence 
in  the  future  and  the  boundless  resources  and  possibilities  of  New  Westminster, 
city  and  district,  and  the  entire  Fraser  River  valley,  was  unshaken,  and  he  gave 
evidence  of  this  confidence  by  his  extensive  investments  in  both  the  city  and  dis- 
trict and  especially  at  Port  Moody  and  what  has  since  developed  into  the  phe- 
nomenal city  of  Vancouver.  He  had  large  sawmill  interests  and  timber  tracts 
and  mines  in  the  province.  He  was  a  large  shareholder  in  the  New  Westminster 
Street  Railway,  and  the  Vancouver  Electric  Railway  &  Light  Company.  His 
benefactions  were  large,  and  of  material  value.  He  gave  Vancouver  the  site  for 
its  most  pleasantly  situated  public  school  and  the  beautiful  site  for  the  Episcopal 


76  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

% 

church  and  parsonage,  and  to  New  Westminster  he  donated  a  public-school  site. 
His  activity  and  philanthropy  were  always  manifest  in  the  work  of  the  Epis- 
copal diocese  of  New  Westminster  and  the  "Churchman's  Gazette"  records  his 
repeated  benevolences. 

In  November,  1867,  Mr.  Edmonds  was  very  happily  married  to  Miss  Jane 
Fortune  Kemp.  She  was  born  in  Cork,  Ireland,  the  eldest  daughter  of  Thomas 
P.  Kemp,  of  that  city.  They  became  the  parents  of  the  following  children :  Wil- 
liam Humphries ;  Henry  Lovekin ;  Beatrice  Elvina,  who  married  W.  A.  Monro ; 
Walter  Freth;  and  Mary  Gifford,  who  married  C.  M.  Marpole,  of  Vancouver. 


ROBERT  STEVENSON. 

The  life  history  of  Robert  Stevenson  if  written  in  detail  would  present  some 
interesting  features  of  mining  experience  in  the  northwest.  As  a  mine  owner  he 
is  well  known,  having  made  extensive  investments  in  mining  property.  His  home 
is  now  at  Sardis,  British  Columbia,  and  Williamstown,  Glengarry,  numbers  him 
among  its  native  citizens,  his  birth  having  there  occurred  on  the  28th  of  July, 
1838.  He  is  a  son  of  Samuel  and  Susan  Stevenson,  both  of  whom  are  deceased. 
They  were  farming  people  and  under  the  parental  roof  their  son  Robert  spent 
his  boyhood  days,  his  education  being  acquired  at  the  convent  and  grammar  schools 
of  Vankleek  Hill,  in  Prescott  county,  Ontario.  When  his  younger  days  were  over 
he  came,  in  early  manhood,  to  British  Columbia,  arriving  here  in  the  month  of 
May,  1859,  during  the  time  of  the  gold  excitement  in  the  northwest.  He  found, 
however,  that  reports  had  been  much  exaggerated  and  feeling  that  he  could  not 
obtain  a  fortune  in  the  mines  he  proceeded  to  what  was  in  those  days  called  Wash- 
ington territory,  now  the  state  of  Washington,  in  which  he  remained  until  he  joined 
the  celebrated  Collins  expedition  bound  for  the  Similkameen  country  and  led  by 
Captain  Collins,  a  noted  Indian  fighter.  The  western  country  in  those  days  was 
one  vast,  trackless  forest,  hence  the  difficulties  to  be  encountered  can  in  a  measure 
be  understood.  The  party  had  to  make  trails  through  unknown  woods,  had  to 
cross  rivers  and  climb  mountains.  This  was  the  first  white  party  to  pass  from  the 
salt  water  to  the  interior,  going  in  by  way  of  the  famous  Snocolomie  Pass.  They 
crossed  the  pass  on  the  2d  of  June,  at  which  time  there  was  ten  feet  of  snow,  our 
subject  trying  to  touch  bottom  with  a  ten-foot  pole,  but  failing.  That  the  party 
of  thirty-four  might  proceed  it  was  necessary  to  dig  a  ditch  two  and  a  half  feet 
wide  and  two  and  a  half  feet  deep  and  fill  it  in  with  brush  to  form  a  footing.  The 
party  proceeded  down  the  Yakima  river  and  crossed  where  the  town  of  Parker  is 
now  located.  During  all  the  journey  they  were  harrassed  by  unfriendly  Indians 
who  objected  to  the  white  men's  intrusion  into  their  possessions  or  hunting 
grounds.  As  Mr.  Stevenson  recalled  this  trip  and  in  retrospect  saw  the  country 
of  those  days  he  marvelled  at  the  progress  made.  At  that  time  between  the  Cas- 
cades and  the  present  town  of  Midway,  a  distance  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  miles, 
there  was  not  a  white  settler.  The  party  reached  Fort  Okanagan,  the  fort  of  the 
Hudson's  Bay  Company,  on  the  i6th  of  June,  1860.  Two  days  later  this  fort  was 
abandoned  and  Mr.  Stevenson  is  today  the  only  living  man  who  was  present  at 
its  abandonment.  The  Indians  were  on  the  warpath  and  had  Mr.  Stevenson  and 
his  party  rounded  up  for  five  hours,  but  they  fought  their  way  out  without  losing 
a  man.  They  reached  Rock  Creek  mines  on  the  22d  of  June,  1860,  and  there 
Captain  Collins  made  a  speech  and  left  the  party. 

Mr.  Stevenson  engaged  in  prospecting  for  some  time  and  then  occurred  the 
Rock  Creek  war,  the  miners  refusing  to  comply  with  the  law  by  taking  out  a  license 
or  recording  claims.  Governor  Douglas  went  to  the  locality  to  settle  the  trouble 
and  in  recognition  of  the  part  which  Mr.  Stevenson  had  taken  all  through  the 
difficulty  Governor  Douglas  appointed  him  customs  officer  at  a  salary  of  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  dollars  a  month.  Then  came  the  great  Cariboo  gold  excitement. 
Mr.  Stevenson  sent  in  his  resignation  as  customs  officer  and  started  at  once  for  the 


ROBERT   STEVENSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  79 

Cariboo.  He  had  received  information  that  horses  were  in  great  demand  there,  so 
he  bought  a  large  number,  drove  them  into  the  country  and  disposed  of  them  at  a 
handsome  profit.  He  was  one  of  ten  men  who  took  any  money  into  the  Cariboo.  He 
bought  into  the  Jordan  claim  in  the  fall  of  1861  and  on  the  3d  of  November  of 
that  year  left  for  Victoria,  traveling  with  the  party  of  the  later  Governor  Dewd- 
ney,  now  a  resident  of  Victoria,  reaching  Yale  on  the  5th  of  December,  and  Vic- 
toria on  the  1 5th  of  that  month.  While  in  Victoria  Mr.  Stevenson  met  the  famous 
"Cariboo  Cameron,"  who  had  just  landed  in  Victoria  with  his  family.  This  was 
on  the  2d  of  March,  1862.  Mr.  Stevenson  intrpduced  Cameron  to  Mr.  Wark,  the 
chief  factor  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  and  was  instrumental  in  his  getting 
credit  for  goods  to  the  amount  of  two  thousand  dollars.  Mr.  Stevenson  went  back 
to  the  Cariboo  on  the  23d  of  April,  1862,  Cameron  following  in  July.  The  former 
had  heard  of  unclaimed  ground  and  was  forced  almost  to  drive  Cameron  to  assist 
in  staking  this.  However,  on  the  22d  of  August,  1862,  the  Cameron  mine,  one  of 
the  richest  mines  of  the  Cariboo,  was  staked  by  Mr.  Cameron  and  Mr.  Stevenson. 
Mr.  Cameron  wished  to  name  it  for  Mr.  Stevenson  but  the  latter  had  his  way 
and  it  was  called  the  Cameron  claim.  On  the  2d  of  December,  1862,  there  were 
seven  shareholders  in  the  mine:  John  A.  and  Sophia  Cameron,  Robert  Steven- 
son, Richard  Rivers,  Allan  McDonald  and  Charles  and  James  Clendening,  all  now 
deceased  except  Mr.  Stevenson.  Mrs.  Cameron  died  on  the  23d  of  October  and  her 
body  was  placed  in  a  cabin  outside  of  Richfield  to  await  a  chance  to  take  her  home 
for  burial.  On  January  3ist,  at  a  temperature  of  fifty  degrees  below  zero,  Mr. 
Cameron  had  the  body  removed  to  Victoria,  where  a  provisional  burial  was  made 
until  later  in  the  year  when  the  remains  were  taken  to  Cornwall,  New  Brunswick, 
Mr.  Cameron  almost  spending  a  fortune  in  accomplishing  his  end.  He  was 
notably  successful  as  a  miner  for  a  considerable  period  but  eventually  lost  all 
he  had,  and  drifted  back  to  Cariboo,  where  he  died  poor  and  was  buried  in  the 
old  mining  camp.  It  was  on  the  2d  of  December,  1862,  that  the  rich  gold  strike 
was  made  on  the  Cameron  claim,  Mr.  Stevenson  rocking  out  one  hundred  and 
fifty-five  dollars  from  thirty-five  gallons  of  gravel.  It  was  after  this  that  Mr. 
Cameron  took  his  wife's  remains  to  Victoria,  Mr.  Stevenson  accompanying  him, 
and  the  burial  there  took  place  on  the  8th  of  March.  Mr.  Cameron  offered  twelve 
dollars  a  day  in  addition  to  a  sum  of  two  thousand  dollars  to  any  of  the  men  who 
would  accompany  him  but  all  were  afraid  of  smallpox.  Mr.  Stevenson,  however, 
went  and  paid  his  own  expenses.  When  they  were  on  their  way  out  of  the  country 
the -cold  was  intense  and  everywhere  along  the  road  they  found  many  dying  of 
smallpox.  While  en  route  they  lost  their  food  supplies  and  their  matches  and 
suffered  untold  hardships  but  at  length  reached  Victoria  on  the  7th  of  March. 
On  November  7th,  the  body  of  Mrs.  Cameron  was  started  for  the  east  via  Panama 
for  final  burial. 

After  the  funeral  services  at  Cornwall  Mr.  Stevenson  returned  to  the  Cariboo 
in  1864  and  took  active  part  in  mining  affairs.  During  the  stirring  days  from 
1861  until  1864  and  even  up  to  1877  he  held  interests  in  various  famous  claims 
including  the  Cameron,  Prince  of  Wales,  Moffat,  the  Bruce  and  many  others, 
and  is  so  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  history  of  mining  development  in  that  sec- 
tion of  the  country  that  Sir  Mathew  Bigbee  said  of  him  that  he  was  the  best  posted 
man  in  the  Cariboo  country. 

Mr.  Stevenson  went  to  Chilliwack  and  there  married  Miss  Caroline  E.  Wil- 
liams on  the  26th  of  July,  1877,  since  which  time  he  has  been  engaged  in  farming 
and  mining.  He  is  the  largest  individual  mine  owner  in  the  Similkameen  country 
and  has  large  holdings  at  Leadville,  two  groups  of  claims  at  the  Great  Nickel 
Plate  and  is  an  extensive  owner  at  Copper  Mountain,  his  claims  amounting  alto- 
gether to  more  than  forty. 

Unto  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stevenson  have  been  born  four  children :  Clarinda  Eliza- 
beth, a  teacher  of  Chilliwack ;  John  Edison,  living  on  a  farm  at  Chilliwack ;  Roberta 
E.  L.,  the  wife  of  James  Watson,  B.  A.,  principal  of  a  school  at  North  Vancouver; 
and  Robert  Bryant. 


80  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Mr.  Stevenson  is  among  the  very  few  now  living  who  are  entitled  to  be  num- 
bered among  the  real  pioneers  of  British  Columbia,  for  he  has  endured  innumerable 
hardships  and  gathered  wide  experience  when  the  resources  of  the  province  came 
to  the  attention  of  the  world.  There  is  nothing  which  characterizes  him  better 
than  the  way  the  Indians  called  him,  the  "Man  Afraid  of  Nothing."  He  climbed 
the  most  rugged  crags  and  would  enter  the  wildest  canyons.  He  swam  horses 
across  the  Similkumeen  river  hundreds  of  times  and  also  across  the  Thompson  and 
the  Okanagan  when  there  were  dangers  on  every  hand.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stevenson 
now  occupy  a  beautiful  home  on  a  farm  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  acres  at  Sardis, 
the  large  and  commodious  house  being  one  of  the  landmarks  of  the  region  and 
the  property-  a  show  place  famed  as  a  model  establishment  of  its  kind.  The  history 
of  both  of  them  links  the  present  with  the  pioneer  days,  and  though  both  are 
advanced  in  age,  they  are  still  strong  and  robust,  clear  of  brain  and  active  bodily 
and  mentally.  Both  are  great  workers  in  the  Methodist  Episcopal  church.  When 
a  young  man  out  among  the  hills,  alone  with  his  God  and  nature,  Mr.  Stevenson 
made  a  study  of  religious  matters  and  has  ever  adhered  to  those  deep-rooted  con- 
clusions which  resulted  from  his  meditations.  He  has  never  dissipated,  never 
used  tobacco,  and  to  these  things  and  his  life  in  the  open  air  may  be  attributed 
his  present  splendid  state  of  health.  A  man  five  feet  seven  or  eight  inches  tall, 
he  weighs  over  two  hundred  pounds  and  at  the  age  of  seventy-five  has  an  energy 
and  business  acumen  which  many  a  successful  man  of  half  his  age  might  well 
envy.  In  his  political  views  he  is  a  conservative.  He  belongs  to  Princess  Lodge 
of  Masons  at  Montreal  and  is  a  charter  member  of  the  Royal  Order  of  Orangemen 
of  Princeton.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  Mining  Club.  He  is  one  of  the 
few  men  remaining  of  the  early  days,  a  picturesque  character  because  of  his  many 
and  varied  experiences  in  connection  with  the  mining  development  of  the  north- 
west. He  can  relate  most  interesting  incidents  of  the  early  days,  of  the  life  lived 
by  the  miners,  and  he  is  one  of  those  who  have  prospered  by  labor  and  judicious 
investments,  his  mining  and  other  properties  being  extensive  and  valuable. 


GEORGE  STEVENSON  HARRISON. 

While  George  Stevenson  Harrison  has  been  a  resident  of  Vancouver  only  since 
1905  he  has  within  that  period  won  recognition  as  a  strong  and  forceful  element 
in  that  business  activity  upon  which  is  based  the  present  progress  and  prosperity 
of  the  city.  He  is  today  manager  of  the'  Vancouver  branch  of  the  Merchants 
Bank,  the  first  branch  of  that  institution  to  be  established  in  British  Columbia. 
He  was  born  at  St.  Mary's  Ontario,  June  25,  1875,  and  is  a  son  of  the  Hon.  David 
Howard  and  Kate  (Stevenson)  Harrison.  The  father,  who  was  of  English 
descent,  was  born  in  London  township,  Ontario,  June  I,  1843.  He  pursued  his 
education  in  the  University  of  Toronto  and  in  McGill  University  at  -Montreal, 
receiving  from  the  latter  institution  the  degree  of  M.  D.  Having  thus  qualified 
for  the  practice  of  medicine  he  followed  his  profession  for  some  years  at  St. 
Mary's  Ontario.  He  then  removed  to  Winnipeg,  Manitoba.  He  also  became  a 
recognized  leader  in  politics  and  was  first  returned  to  the  provincial  legislature  at 
the  general  election  in  1883.  In  August,  1886,  he  was  invited  by  Mr.  Norquay, 
then  premier  of  Manitoba,  to  join  his  administration,  was  sworn  in  as  a  member 
of  the  executive  council  and  appointed  minister  of  agriculture,  statistics  and  health. 
He  occupied  that  position  with  the  government  until  December,  1887,  when  on  the 
resignation  of  Mr.  Norquay  he  was  appointed  premier  by  Governor  Aikins  and 
continued  in  that  administrative  position  until  January,  1888,  when  he  resigned 
the  premiership  on  the  defeat  at  the  polls  of  Joseph  Burke,  a  member  of  his  ad- 
ministration. He  has  done  much  to  shape  the  public  thought  and  action,  and  in 
guiding  the  destinies  of  the  province  wrought  many  noted  reforms  and  improve- 
ments. 


GEORGE   S.   HARRISON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  83 

Liberal  educational  opportunities  were  accorded  George  Stevenson  Harrison, 
who  after  pursuing  a  course  of  study  in  the  Manitoba  College  entered  the  employ 
of  the  Merchants  Bank  of  Canada  at  Winnipeg  in  1893.  He  has  since  been  con- 
tinuously connected  with  that  bank  and  his  twenty  years'  service  as  one  of  its 
representatives  indicates  his  efficiency,  his  loyalty  and  his  reliability.  In  1905 
he  came  to  Vancouver  where  he  entered  upon  arrangements  toward  the  establish- 
ment of  a  branch  for  the  Merchants  Bank  which  was  here  opened  in  February, 
1906.  He  became  its  manager  and  has  since  controlled  the  interests  of  the  insti- 
tution which  is  one  of  the  strong  financial  concerns  of  Vancouver.  He  also  has 
individual  connections,  being  a  director  of  the  Vancouver  Financial  Corporation, 
Limited. 

In  1906  Mr.  Harrison  was  married  to  Miss  Mary  Ellen  Davis,  of  Sarnia, 
Ontario,  a  daughter  of  Canon  Davis,  of  the  Anglican  church.  Their  two  children 
are  Katherine  Elizabeth  and  David  George.  Mr.  Harrison  is  a  member  of  tne 
Vancouver  and  Jericho  Country  Clubs  and  is  prominent  and  popular  in  the  social 
as  well  as  the  business  circles  of  the  city.  His  record  is  one  which  any  man 
might  be  proud  to  possess  for  in  his  entire  business  career  he  has  never  made  en- 
gagements that  he  has  not  kept  nor  incurred  obligations  that  he  has  not  met.  He 
enjoys  in  full  measure  the  confidence  and  high  regard  of  colleagues  and  contem- 
poraries. 


JAMES  EARL-McILREEVY. 

James  Earl  Mcllreevy,  acting  in  an  able  and  efficient  manner  as  manager  of 
the  Vancouver  branch  of  the  important  business  operated  by  the  Crane  Company, 
was  born  in  Belleville,  Ontario,  November  7,  1869,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and 
Anna  B.  (Brennen)  Mcllreevy,  the  former  a  native  of  London,  England,  who 
went  to  the  United  States  with  his  parents  when  he  was  still  a  child.  His  father. 
William*  Mcllreevy,  was  a  soldier  in  the  English  army.  He  afterward  engaged 
in  the  manufacturing  and  retail  shoe  business  in  Port  Huron,  Michigan,  for  a 
number  of  years  and  later  went  to  New  York  state,  where  he  engaged  in  the 
same  occupation  in  various  localities,  and  about  1875  went  to  Nebraska  City, 
where  he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life,  dying  there  in  1901,  at  the  age  of 
sixty-seven.  His  wife  survives  him  and  makes  her  home  in  Nebraska  City. 

James  E.  Mcllreevy  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Nebraska 
City,  graduating  from  the  high  school  in  1886,  and  he  afterward  supplemented 
this  by  a  two  years'  business  course.  When  he  began  his  independent  career  he 
accepted  a  position  on  the  construction  of  municipal  waterworks  and  electric 
light  plants  in  Nebraska  City  and  smaller  surrounding  towns,  spending  three 
years  at  this  work,  after  which,  in  1890,  he  was  made  manager  of  the  water- 
works and  electric  light  plant  in  Nebraska  City.  This  office  he  held  until  1899, 
when  he  resigned  in  order  to  engage  as  an  expert  trap  shooter,  representing  and 
introducing  the  clay  targets  and  traps  manufactured  by  the  W.  S.  Dickey  Clay 
Manufacturing  Company  of  Kansas  City,  Missouri.  He  became  the  champion 
shooter  on  clay  targets  in  the  state  of  Nebraska,  and  in  the  interests  of  his 
concern  traveled  to  the  Pacific  Coast,  visiting  Portland  and  Seattle.  When  he 
gave  up  this  line  of  work  in  1900  he  became  connected  with  the  N.  O.  Nelson 
Manufacturing  Company,  wholesale  plumbing  supplies,  with  main  office  in  St. 
Louis,  Missouri,  and  with  territory  covering  Illinois,  Iowa  and  Indiana.  Mr. 
Mcllreevy  resigned  in  1902  and  moved  to  Seattle,  entering  the  employ  of  the 
Crane  Company,  in  which  he  has  since  continued.  He  did  such  able,  far-sighted 
and  capable  work  that  in  June,  1908,  upon  the  opening  of  a  branch  store  in  Van- 
couver, he  was  transferred  to  this  city  and  still  remains  as  manager.  In  this 
position  his  excellent  business  and  executive  ability  have  been  called  forth 
and  the  successful  operation  of  the  local  institution  is  largely  due  to  him.  He 
has  managed  its  affairs  in  a  discriminating  way,  developing  the  business  along 


84  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

progressive  and  modern  lines,  ably  coping  with  the  conditions  brought  about  by 
its  rapid  growth  and  making  it  what  it  is  today,  one  of  the  largest  and  most 
important  concerns  of  its  kind  in  British  Columbia. 

On  June  17,  1890,  Mr.  Mcllreevy  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Emma 
Frances  Curtis,  of  Troy,  New  York,  and  they  have  one  daughter,  Ruth  Curtis, 
who  is  an  accomplished  pianist.  Mrs.  Mcllreevy  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist 
church  in  Vancouver  and  is  well  known  as  an  active  religious  worker.  Mr. 
Mcllreevy  is  identified  with  the  Vancouver  Club  and  the  Vancouver  Athletic 
Club  and  takes  an  active  and  helpful  part  in  the  work  of  the  Vancouver  Board 
of  Trade.  The  sterling  traits  of  his  character  are  well  known  to  his  fellow 
townsmen,  many  of  whom  are  glad  to  number  him  among  their  friends. 


GEORGE  DOUGLAS  BRYMNER. 

George  Douglas  Brymner,  one  of  the  honored  and  representative  citizens  of 
New  Westminster,  is  a  typical  man  of  the  age,  alert  and  enterprising,  a  student 
of  conditions  and  of  significant  problems,  and  a  cooperant  factor  in  all  that 
makes  for  the  development  and  substantial  growth  of  city  and  province.  He  is 
now  manager  here  for  the  Bank  of  Montreal  and  as  such  a  leading  figure  in  finan- 
cial circles.  He  was  born  at  Melbourne,  in  the  province  of  Quebec,  on  the  3d  of 
December,  1857,  and  is  a  son  of  Douglas  Brymner,  LL.  D.,  and  Jean  (Thomson) 
Brymner,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Greenock,  Scotland,  where  they  were 
reared  and  married.  Two  children  were  born  there  and  in  1857  the  family 
came  to  Canada,  settling  on  a  farm  near  Melbourne,  whence  in  1867  they  re- 
moved to  Montreal,  where  the  father  became  assistant  editor  of  the  Montreal 
Herald.  In '1870  he  was  appointed  Dominion  archivist  and  removed  to  Ottawa 
to  take  up  the  duties  of  his  office,  filling  that  position  to  the  time  of  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  1902  at  the  home  of  his  son  George  D.,  in  New  Westminster, 
while  on  a  visit  to  this  city.  He  was  then  a  man  of  seventy-nine  years,  but 
remained  active  to  the  time  of  his  death.  During  his  service  as  archivist  he 
was  honored  by  the  Queen's  University  with  the  degree  of  LL.  D.  He  was  a 
man  widely  known  and  universally  esteemed  and  honored.  His  broad  knowl- 
edge and  his  public  spirit  brought  him  into  contact  with  intelligent  men  through- 
out the  country  and  among  that  class  his  warm  friendships  were  formed. 

George  D.  Brymner  spent  his  youthful  days  under  the  parental  roof  and 
in  the  acquirement  of  his  education  attended  successively  the  Melbourne  public 
school,  the  Montreal  and  Ottawa  high  schools  and  St.  Therese  College,  in 
which  he  became  a  student  in  order  to  master  the  French  language.  His  initial 
step  in  the  business  world  was  made  in  1874  in  connection  with  the  Bank  of 
Montreal.  He  entered  the  Cornwall,  Ontario,  branch  of  that  institution  and 
subsequently  was  with  the  Bank  of  Montreal  in  Stratford  and  Almonte,  Ontario, 
where  he  served  as  accountant.  When  the  branch  bank  in  Vancouver  was 
established  he  was  sent  with  Campbell  Sweeny  to  open  this  Pacific  coast  depart- 
ment. Mr.  Brymner  continued  as  accountant  at  Vancouver  until  the  opening 
of  the  New  Westminster  branch  in  April,  1888,  when  he  was  sent  to  this  city 
as  a  sub-agent  of  the  branch  here  and  soon  afterward  his  capabilities  won 
him  recognition  in  advancement  to  the  position  of  manager,  in  which  capacity 
he  has  served  continuously  for  a  quarter  of  a  century.  The  upbuilding  of  the 
institution  is  attributable  to  his  capability,  enterprise  and  thorough  understand- 
ing of  the  banking  business.  He  recognizes  the  fact  that  the  institution  which 
most  carefully  safeguards  the  interests  of  its  patrons  is  the  most  worthy  of 
patronage,  and  in  following  that  course  he  has  won  for  the  Bank  of  Montreal 
at  New  Westminster  a  liberal  and  growing  patronage.  He  is  today  one  of 
the  best  known  men  in  this  section  of  the  province  and  is  a  recognized  authority 
on  all  financial  matters  and  problems. 


GEORGE  D.  BRYMNER 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  87 

In  1881,  in  Stratford,  Ontario,  Mr.  Brymner  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Anna  Elizabeth  Harrison,  a  daughter  of  the  late  William  Dyne  Harrison, 
one  of  the  well  known  pioneer  farmers  of  that  section,  who  married  Miss  Lucy 
Tye,  a  member  of  one  of  the  oldest  pioneer  families  of  Ontario.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Brymner  have  become  the  parents  of  three  children,  but  only  one  is  now  living, 
Ethel  Dyne,  the  wife  of  F.  A.  Macrae,  manager  of  the  Bank  of  Montreal  of 
North  Vancouver.  Mr.  Brymner  is  prominent  and  popular  in  club  and  social 
circles,  holding  membership  in  the  Westminster  Club,  the  Jericho  Country 
Club,  the  Burnaby  Lake  Country  Club  and  the  British  Columbia  Golf  Club  at 
Coquitlam.  Notwithstanding  the  extent  and  importance  of  his  business  affairs, 
he  finds  time  to  cooperate  with  many  measures  and  activities  which  have  bear- 
ing upon  the  material,  intellectual  and  moral  progress1  of  the  community.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  New  Westminster  Board  of  Trade  and  for  some  years 
served  as  president  of  the  organization.  He  is  one  of  the  public-spirited  men 
of  the  city,  and  there  has  not  been  an  industrial  enterprise  established  or  any 
movement  for  the  good  of  the  community  inaugurated  in  which  he  has  not  been 
a  forceful  factor,  contributing  in  large  measure  to  the  work  of  public  progress 
and  improvement.  He  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Church  of  England  and 
in  other  ways  he  has  done  much  to  stimulate  the  welfare  of  city  and  surround- 
ing country.  He  has  served  as  treasurer  of  the  Royal  Agricultural  &  Industrial 
Society  since  its  organization  in  1889,  and  for  the  same  length  of  time  has  been 
a  member  of  its  board  of  managers.  His  breadth  of  view  has  recognized  not 
only  possibilities  for  his  own  advancement,  but  for  the  city's  development,  and 
his  lofty  patriotism  has  prompted  him  to  utilize  the  latter  as  quickly  and  as 
efficiently  as  the  former.  He  has  mastered  the  lessons  of  life  day  by  day  until 
his  post-graduate  work  in  the  school  of  experience  has  placed  him  with  the 
men  of  sound  judgment  and  notable  ability,  giving  him  a  place  of  leadership  in 
public  thought  and  action. 


CHARLES   H.   MACAULAY. 

In  public  activities  aside  from  business  Charles  H.  Macaulay  has  been  an 
important  factor,  cooperating  in  many  movements  which  have  been  directly  bene- 
ficial to  Vancouver  in  the  line  of  progressive  upbuilding  and  advancement.  At 
the  same  time  he  is  a  prominent  factor  in  real-estate,  insurance  and  financial 
circles  as  senior  partner  in  the  firm  of  Macaulay  &  Nicolls.  He  was  born  in 
Nova  Scotia  in  December,  1868,  his  parents  being  Donald  and  Maria  J.  (Hamil- 
ton) Macaulay.  The  father  was  engaged  in  educational  work  and  was  the  first 
teacher  in  the  Grafton  Street  grammar  school  in  Halifax.  Subsequently  he 
became  principal  of  the  county  academy  at  Amherst  and  was  for  more  than 
twenty  years  actively  and  prominently  connected  with  educational  work  in  Nova 
Scotia,  where  he  passed  away  in  1887.  The  mother  died  in  Vancouver  in  October, 
1912,  while  visiting  her  son  Charles.  In  tracing  the  ancestral  history  of  the 
family  it  is  found  that  the  Macaulays  were  among  the  earliest  Scotch  settlers, 
who  came  from  the  land  of  hills  and  heather,  to  found  homes  in  Nova  Scotia, 
arriving  there  shortly  before  1800.  The  Hamiltons,  too,  were  among  the  first 
families  of  Nova  Scotia,  the  Hamiltons  of  Kings  county  being  there  from  the 
days  of  Cornwallis.  In  the  maternal  line  Mrs.  Maria  J.  Macaulay  was  connected 
with  the  Marshalls,  who  were  United  Empire  Loyalists  from  Virginia.  Colonel 
Marshall  fought  on  the  British  side  throughout  the  Revolutionary  war  and  was 
given  a  large  tract  of  land  in  Guysborough  county,  Nova  Scotia,  in  recognition  of 
his  allegiance  to  the  crown.  John  Marshall,  an  uncle  of  Mrs.  Macaulay,  was 
speaker  of  the  house  at  Halifax. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  province  Charles  H.  Macaulay  pursued  his 
education  and  in  1887  came  west  to  the  mountains.  He  was  identified  with  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway  in  various  capacities  during  the  construction  of  the 


88  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

western  portion  of  that  system  prior  to  1898,  in  which  year  he  formed  a  partner- 
ship with  J.  P.  Nicolls  under  the  firm  name  of  Macaulay  &  Nicolls  for  the 
conduct  of  a  real-estate,  insurance  and  brokerage  business,  in  which  they  have 
since  continued.  Their  clientage  is  large  and  each  branch  of  their  business  is 
proving  a  profitable  investment,  the  interests  of  the  firm  being  carefully  and 
systematically  managed  and  wisely  directed  so  that  excellent  results  are  achieved. 
In  June,  1898,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Macaulay  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Ethel  Jean  Maclaren,  a  daughter  of  W.  H.  .Maclaren,  a  mining  man  of  British 
Columbia,  whose  father  was  one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  Cariboo,  having  gone  there 
early  in  the  '6os  and  taking  active  part  in  mining  and  development  work  in  that 
country.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Macaulay  have  become  the  parents  of  four  children, 
Donald  M.,  Douglas  H.,  Margaret  Jean  and  John  Alexander.  The  parents  hold 
membership  in  St.  John's  Presbyterian  church.  Mrs.  Macaulay  is  an  active  and 
interested  member  of  various  social  clubs  and  societies  in  the  city  and  is  vice 
president  of  the  Woman's  Canadian  Club.  Mr.  Macaulay  belongs  to  the  Western 
Gate  lodge  of  Masonry,  in  which  he  is  a  past  master,  and  he  also  holds  member- 
ship in  the  Terminal  City,  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf,  Jericho  Country  and 
Canadian  Clubs.  He  is  likewise  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade  and  is  inter- 
ested in  all  projects  and  measures  for  the  public  welfare.  He  was  one  of  the 
organizers  of  the  Tourist  Association  and  served  as  its  president  and  one  of  its 
directors  until  1911,  when  it  was  merged  into  the  Progress  Club,  of  which  Mr. 
Macaulay  was  president  until  a  recent  date.  This  club,  as  its  name  indicates,  has 
been  a  factor  in  exploiting  the  resources  of  Vancouver  and  British  Columbia, 
and  its  work  has  been  an  important  element  in  general  improvement  and  upbuild- 
ing, Mr.  Macaulay  as  president  largely  guiding  its  efforts  in  that  direction.  In 
politics  he  is  a  conservative  and,  although  interested  in  the  questions  and  issues 
of  the  day,  has  never  been  an  active  worker  in  political  ranks.  His  time  and 
efforts  are  fully  occupied  by  his  business  activities,  in  which  he  is  meeting  with 
substantial  and  gratifying  success,  and  with  his  public  service,  whereby  the 
general  interests  are  greatly  augmented. 


JAMES  Z.  HALL. 

Among  the  many  enterprising  business  men  who  are  interested  in  handling 
mining  and  timber  properties  and  who  also  conduct  a  loan,  insurance  and  general 
real-estate  business,  is  numbered  James  Z.  Hall,  of  Vancouver,  who  dates  his 
residence  here  from  1885,  at  which  time  the  city  was  a  village  known  as  Gran- 
ville.  He  has  since  been  an  interested  witness  of  its  development  and  growth 
and  has  at  all  times  borne  his  part  in  the  \vork  of  general  progress  and  improve- 
ment. He  was  born  near  Toronto,  Ontario,  February  12,  1863,  and  is  a  son  of 
John  and  Isabella  Hall  and  a  grandson  of  James  Hall,  of  Leeds,  England,  who 
was  one  of  the  pioneer  settlers  of  Ontario. 

In  the  acquirement  of  his  early  education  James  Z.  Hall  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Toronto  and  afterward  continued  his  studies  in  the  grammar  school 
at  Niagara,  Ontario.  He  started  in  the  business  world  in  connection  with  the 
building  industry,  remaining  for  a  few  months  in  his  father's  employ  in  Ontario. 
In  the  meantime,  in  1882,  he  secured  an  intermediate  grade  B  certificate  from  the 
Niagara  grammar  school,  entitling  him  to  teach  and  later  in  the  same  year  he 
came  to  British  Columbia  with  the  intention  of  following  that  profession.  He 
made  his  way  to  New  Westminster  where  he  found  that  salaries  paid  to  teachers 
were  so  small  that  he  deemed  it  unwise  to  secure  a  school.  He  therefore  worked 
in  the  building  line  for  three  or  four  months  and  subsequently  entered  the  em- 
ploy of  T.  R.  Pearson  &  Company,  of  New  Westminster,  in  the  stationery 
business,  continuing  in  that  employ  for  about  four  years.  In  1885  he  came  to 
Vancouver  and  opened  a  branch  store  for  T.  R.  Pearson  &  Company,  conducting 
the  business  at  the  time  of  the  great  fire  of  1886,  which  destroyed  the  store.  The 


JAMES  Z.  HALL 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  91 

business  was  shortly  afterward  sold  to  the  British  Columbia  Stationery  &  Print- 
ing Company,  at  which  time  Mr.  Hall  took  over  the  management  of  the  Van- 
couver branch  of  the  real-estate  business  of  Major  &  Pearson,  of  New  West- 
minster, who  established  their  branch  in  Vancouver  after  the  fire.  His  four 
years'  experience  in  that  connection  proved  to  Mr.  Hall  that  he  might  win  suc- 
cess if  he  operated  independently  along  the  same  line  and  in  1890  he  started  in 
business  on  his  own  account,  handling  loans,  insurance,  real-estate,  mines  and 
timber.  He  is  today  one  of  the  oldest  representatives  of  this  field  of  activity 
in  Vancouver  and  in  the  twenty-three  years  of  his  connection  with  the  business 
has  made  continuous  progress  and  won  substantial  success.  In  1910  the  business 
was  incorporated  as  J.  Z.  Hall  &  Company,  Ltd..  with  Mr.  Hall  as  the  presi- 
dent, which  office  he  has  since  filled.  He  is  familiar  with  all  the  various  phases 
of  the  different  departments  of  his  business,  knows  thoroughly  the  natural 
resources  of  the  country  as  to  mining  properties  and  timber  and  has  a  good 
clientage  in  his  loan,  insurance  and  real-estate  departments. 

On  the  ist  of  November,  1893,  in  the  Church  of  the  Redeemer  at  Toronto, 
Ontario,  Mr.  Hall  wedded  Miss  Jessie  C.  Greer,  a  daughter  of  Samuel  Greer, 
one  of  the  distinguished  citizens  of  the  province  of  British  Columbia,  who  for 
ten  years  fought  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  for  possession  of  his  preemption 
at  Greer's  Beach  in  the  city  of  Vancouver,  the  estimated  value  of  the  property 
reaching  several  millions,  the  Canadian  Pacific  attempting  to  dispossess  him. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hall  have  become  parents  of  four  children,  Libbie  C.,  Kathleen 
Alaida,  Jessie  Mildred  and  Winnifred  Myrtle.  In  religious  faith  Mr.  Hall  is  an 
Anglican  and  his  position  upon  the  temperance  question  is  indicated  by  his  mem- 
bership in  the  Good  Templars  and  the  Royal  Templars.  His  political  support  is 
given  to  the  conservative  party  and  his  military  experience  covers  service  with 
the  Volunteer  Artillery  Corps  of  New  Westminster  for  three  years.  After  re- 
moving to  Vancouver  he  often  walked  to  New  Westminster  to  drill.  On  one  trip 
he  left  Vancouver  at  4  o'clock  in  the  afternon  and  should  have  arrived  at  his 
destination  at  7  P.  M.,  but  it  began  snowing  and  eighteen  inches  had  fallen  by 
the  time  he  reached  there  at  9  P.  M.  He  drilled  two  hours  and  walked  back  to 
Vancouver,  arriving  home  at  4  o'clock  in  the  morning.  There  are  few  who 
would  have  shown  such  devotion  to  military  duty.  This  spirit  of  fidelity  has 
always  been  characteristic  of  Mr.  Hall,  whose  friends  know  him  to  be  a  faith- 
ful, reliable  man  in  every  relation  of  life,  so  that  the  highest  regard  is  entertained 
for  him  bv  all  who  know  him. 


THOMAS   BURGESS   BALKWILL. 

For  twenty  years  Thomas  Burgess  Balkwill  has  been  a  resident  of  Vancouver 
and  his  position  in  the  business  circles  of  the  city  is  that  of  a  member  of  the 
Simson-Balkwill  Company,  Ltd.,  in  which  he  entered  in  1909.  He  was  born 
in  London,  Ontario,  January  18,  1869,  his  parents  being  John  and  Hannah  Balk- 
will,  while  his  grandfather  was  William  Balkwill,  one  of  the  first  settlers  of 
London,  Ontario.  Reared  in  the  city  of  his  nativity,  Thomas  B.  Balkwill  there 
pursued  his  education  in  the  public  schools  and  made  his  initial  step  in  the  busi- 
ness world  at  London  in  connection  with  the  hardware  trade,  in  which  he 
remained  for  five  or  six  years.  He  afterward  removed  to  Toronto,  Ontario, 
where  he  continued  in  business  for  two  or  three  years.  In  1893  he  came  to  Van- 
couver and  was  employed  for  about  sixteen  years  by  the  firm  of  Boyd,  Burns  & 
Company,  ship  chandlers  and  wholesale  dealers  in  engineering  supplies.  He 
thoroughly  acquainted  himself  with  every  phase  of  the  trade  during  that  period 
and  gained  much  valuable  experience  and  knowledge,  which  has  been  of  great 
assistance  to  him  since  he  started  in  business  on  his  own  account.  The  Simson- 
Balkwill  Company,  Ltd.,  was  incorporated  in  1909,  buying  out  a  portion  of  the 
business  of  Boyd,  Burns  &  Company,  since  which  time  they  have  operated  sue- 


92  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

cessfully,  building  up  a  business  which  is  now  of  gratifying  proportions.  In 
addition  Mr.  Balkwill  has  some  real-estate  investments,  but  he  devotes  most  of 
his  time  to  his  business,  Mr.  Simson  being  the  president  and  managing  director. 

On  the  22d  of  June,  1903,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Balkwill  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Jennie  Florence,  daughter  of  Albert  E.  Blackburn,  the  family  coming 
from  Smith's  Falls,  Ontario.  Mr.  Balkwill  holds  membership  in  the  Anglican 
church  and  with  the  Knights  of  Pythias.  His  influence  is  always  on  the  side  of 
right  and  progress,  of  justice  and  improvement.  His  activities  are  largely  con- 
centrated upon  his  business  affairs,  which  are  growing  rapidly  and  therefore  are 
making  greater  and  greater  demand  upon  his  attention. 


JOSEPH  HENRY  BOWMAN. 

In  the  fall  of  1888  Joseph  Henry  Bowman  took  up  his  residence  in  Vancouver 
and  from  that  time  to  the  present  has  been  an  important  factor  in  the  growth 
of  the  city,  founding  a  notable  work  of  public  service  upon  energy,  public  spirit 
and  the  ability  which  commands  opportunity.  He  is  today  one  of  the  foremost 
architects  in  the  city,  controlling  an  extensive  and  representative  patronage, 
and  his  individual  success  is  well  deserved,  supplementing  as  it  does  valuable 
work  along  public  lines.  He  was  born  in  London,  England,  January  24,  1864, 
and  is  a  son  of  William  B.  and  Margaret  (Pearson)  Bowman,  the  former  a 
master  builder,  wTho  followed  that  occupation  in  London  until  his  death  in  1895. 
He  was  a  native  of  Cumberland  county  and  descended  from  a  long  line  of  sea- 
faring people.  He  married  Margaret  Pearson,  a  daughter  of  William  Pearson, 
a  sea  captain  of  Whitehaven,  Cumberland  county. 

Joseph  H.  Bowman  acquired  his  early  education  at  the  Sir  Walter  Singen 
school,  a  religious  institution  on  High  street,  Battersea,  London.  This  was 
later  supplemented  by  an  architectural  course  in  the  department  of  science  and 
art  of  the  South  Kensington  Museum.  His  first  employment  was  as  draughts- 
man for  William  Rendell,  designer,  with  whom  he  remained  for  two  years 
thereafter,  entering  his  father's  employ  at  the  end  of  that  time.  He  remained 
active  in  the  building  construction  business  until  the  early  part  of  the  year  1888, 
when  he  removed  to  Canada,  where  for  a  short  time  he  was  in  the  employ  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Company  on  construction  work  in  the  mountains. 
When  he  resigned  this  position  he  went  to  Donald,  British  Columbia,  and  was  there 
active  in  general  construction  work  until  September,  1888,  when  he  came  to 
Vancouver.  He  found  a  little  village  on  the  site  of  the  present  flourishing  city 
but  he  recognized  a  true  opportunity  and  located  permanently  here,  where  he 
has  since  remained  an  honored  and  respected  resident.  At  this  time  he  had  few 
assets  beyond  his  ability  in  his  profession  and  his  unwavering  determination,  but 
with  characteristic  energy  he  applied  himself  to  any  work  he  could  find  to  do, 
being  variously  employed  until  1897,  when  he  became  connected  with  the  British 
Columbia  Mills,  Timber  &  Trading  Company  as  draughtsman.  He  remained 
with  this  concern  for  eleven  years,  rising  to  the  position  of  head  draughtsman 
and  evidencing  at  this  time  an  unusual  ability  in  his  profession  and  knowledge  of 
its  details,  upon  which  his  present  success  is  founded.  In  1908  he  entered  into 
business  for  himself  and  the  years  since  that  time  have  brought  him  substantial 
success  and  prominence  in  his  chosen  line  of  work,  he  being  today  recognized  as 
one  of  the  foremost  architects  in  Vancouver.  He  makes  a  specialty  of  school 
architecture  and  has  designed  and  superintended  the  construction  of  many  of  the 
larger  schools  in  Vancouver  and  vicinity,  notably  those  in  South  Vancouver. 
He  controls  a  large  and  important  patronage,  for  his  ability  is  widely  known  and 
respected,  his  buildings  being  always  adequate  and  convenient,  while  showing 
rare  beauty  of  design  and  artistic  workmanship. 

On  the  I4th  of  November,  1892,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Bowman  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Gertrude  Mann,  a  daughter  of  J.  W.  Mann,  and  they  have 


JOSEPH  H.  BOWMAN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  95 

become  the  parents  of  seven  children,  Ethel,  Dorothy,  Phyllis,  Evelyn,  Sidney, 
Irene  and  Margery.  Mr.  Bowman  is  a  member  of  the  British  Columbia  Society 
of  Architects  and  belongs  to  the  Church  of  England,  acting  at  present  as  warden 
of  the  St.  John's  church,  Central  Park.  He  has  been  for  twenty-five  years  a 
resident  of  Vancouver  and  for  the  greater  portion  of  this  time  he  has  lived  in 
what  is  known  as  Central  Park.  When  he  located  here  on  seven  acres  of  land 
which  he  purchased  from  the  government  he  found  it  a  veritable  wilderness 
and  he  has  watched  it  grow  into  one  of  the  most  attractive  suburbs  of  Vancouver, 
a  worthy  addition  to  that  thriving  and  beautiful  city.  Mr.  Bowman  has  always 
taken  a  prominent  part  in  public  affairs  of  South  Vancouver,  being  a  member 
of  one  of  the  first  school  boards  soon  after  the  formation  of  this  municipality, 
and  has  been  one  of  the  greatest  individual  factors  in  its  growth,  the  influence 
of  his  work  and  personality  being  felt  as  a  strong  force  along  many  lines.  His 
present  position  among  the  men  of  marked  ability  and  substantial  worth  in  this 
community  has  been  achieved  through  earnest  and  well  directed  labor,  for  he 
has  steadily  worked  his  way  upward  to  success  and  prominence,  the  structure  of 
his  life  standing  upon  the  firm  foundation  of  honor,  integrity  and  upright 
dealing. 


NINIAN   H.    BAIN. 

No  man  in  the  province  of  British  Columbia  is  more  justly  entitled  to  the 
proud  name  of  self-made  man  than  Ninian  H.  Bain,  who  rose  from  a  humble 
position  to  the  important  office  of  managing  director  of  the  Strathcona  Packing 
Company,  Limited,  of  Vancouver,  and  as  such  occupied  not  only  a  foremost 
place  in  his  particular  industry  but  was  a  leading  representative  of  the  commer- 
cial life  of  his  city  and  province.  He  retired  from  his  arduous  duties  in  the  fall 
of  1911,  and  is  now  enjoying  a  well  earned  rest  after  a  life  rich  in  achievements. 
Mr.  Bain  was  born  in  Chatham,  New  Brunswick,  on  January  14,  1854,  and  is  a 
son  of  Hugh  and  Ann  Bain.  His  home  training  was  admirable,  and  in  his  youth- 
ful consciousness  were  early  instilled  the  old-fashioned  virtues  of  industry  and 
energy,  which  have  ever  been  his  standard  and  have  guided  him  to  success.  In 
the  acquirement  of  his  education  he  attended  the  Presbyterian  Academy  at 
Chatham,  and  after  working  in  his  native  city  for  several  years  along  various 
lines  he  came  in  1879  to  British  Columbia,  beginning  his  career  in  the  humble 
position  of  laboring  man  with  the  Ewen  Company.  Ambitious  to  rise  in  the 
world  and  to  improve  his  condition,  he  employed  most  of  his  spare  time  in  study- 
ing and  had  soon  progressed  to  such  an  extent  that  he  was  enabled  to  accept  the 
position  of  bookkeeper  with  the  firm  of  Laidlaw  &  Company.  In  that  connection 
he  ably  performed  his  duties  and  earned  high  commendation  from  his  employers. 
His  first  connection  with  the  packing  industry  was  in  the  employ  of  the  Pacific 
Coast  Company,  with  whom  he  remained  for  a  considerable  time,  gradually 
acquiring  a  stockholder's  interest.  Steadily  advancing  and  climbing  the  ladder  of 
success  rung  by  rung,  he  became  manager  of  the  British  Columbia  Packers  Asso- 
ciation when  this  company  bought  out  the  Pacific  Coast  Company,  and  remained 
in  that  office  for  four  years.  He  then  organized  the  Strathcona  Packing  Company 
on  the  north  coast  of  British  Columbia,  and  becoming  its  managing  director, 
continued  so  until  the  fall  of  1911,  when  he  sold  his  entire  interests  to  the  Wallace 
Fisheries  Company.  In  building  up  and  extending  the  scope  of  the  business  of 
the  Strathcona  Packing  Company  he  had  been  most  instrumental,  this  concern 
being  principally  engaged  in  the  canning  of  salmon,  and  in  that  connection  he  did 
much  to  promote  this  important  industry.  His  successful  management  of  his 
affairs  enabled  him  to  retire  in  the  fall  of  1911  and,  looking  back  upon  a  life  rich 
in  labor  but  also  rich  in  success,  he  occupies  an-  honored  position  among  the  sub- 
stantial men  of  his  city. 


96  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

In  1888  Ninian  H.  Bain  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Ida  Ladner,  a 
daughter  of  William  Ladner,  and  who  has  since  passed  away.  In  1899  he  married 
Mary  Johnston  Main,  of  New  Brunswick.  Mr.  Bain  is  the  father  of  two 
daughters:  Rhona,  born  of  his  first  marriage,  who  is  the  wife  of  George  R. 
McQueen,  a  well  known  barrister  of  Vancouver ;  and  Jenette  Bernette,  who  was 
born  of  his  second  union  and  makes  her  home  with  her  parents.  The  family 
residence  is  at  No.  1305  Barclay  street  and  there  Mr.  and  Mrs;  Bain  frequently 
entertain  a  charming  circle  of  friends.  His  recreation  consists  largely  of  travel- 
ing and  shooting,  along  which  lines  he  finds  that  needed  diversion  which  main- 
tains a  healthy  mind  in  a  healthy  body.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Terminal  City 
Club,  in  which  he  is  popular  and  highly  esteemed.  Mr.  Bain  has  ever  taken  an 
active  and  helpful  part  in  all  worthy  enterprises  promoted  to  advance  the  public 
interests  and  can  ever  be  found  in  the  front  ranks  of  those  who  willingly  enlist 
their  ability,  time  and  money  in  order  to  further  commercial  expansion  and  the 
betterment  of  moral  and  intellectual  life. 


CHARLES  EDWIN  CLIFF. 

Charles  Edwin  Cliff,  one  of  the  wealthy  and  leading  citizens  of  New  West- 
minster, has  lived  practically  retired  for  more  than  a  year,  now  giving  his  atten- 
tion almost  wholly  to  the  management  of  his  financial  interests.  During  a  long 
and  active  business  career  he  has  overcome  obstacles  and  adversity  which  would 
have  discouraged  many  a  man  of  less  resolute  purpose,  and  his  energy  and 
perseverance  have  won  their  just  reward.  He  was  the  founder  of  the  firm  of 
Cliff  &  Sons,  well  known  can  manufacturers.  His  birth  occurred  in  Kingston, 
Ontario,  on  the  28th  of  May,  1854,  his  parents  being  George  and  Charlotte 
(Pearson)  Cliff,  the  former  a  native  of  Nottinghamshire  and  the  latter  of  Sussex, 
England.  They  came  to  Canada  with  their  respective  parents  in  young  man- 
hood and  young  womanhood.  George  Cliff,  the  paternal  grandfather  of  our 
subject,  settled  in  Montreal,  while  the  maternal  grandfather,  Allen  Pearson, 
took  up  his  abode  in  Kingston,  Ontario.  The  former  was  a  surveyor  as  well 
as  an  architect,  and  he  it  was  who  surveyed  the  macadamized  York  road  from 
Kingston  to  Toronto.  The  cut  stone  mileposts  which  he  set  along  the  boulevard 
are  still  standing  and  will  probably  remain  for  many  more  years. 

George  Cliff,  Jr.,  served  a  seven  years'  apprenticeship  at  architectural  draw- 
ing and  surveying  under  the  direction  of  his  father,  and  in  association  with 
him  built  the  city  hall  and  many  of  the  most  important  buildings  of  Montreal 
and  Kingston  at  that  time.  He  subsequently  removed  to  Napanee  and  became 
a  prominent  factor  in  building  circles  there,  his  demise  occurring  in  that  city 
in  1898,  Avhen  he  had  attained  the  ripe  old  age  of  eighty-four  years.  His  wife 
passed  away  when  about  fifty  years  of  age.  George  Cliff,  Jr.,  cast  the  deciding 
vote  which  first  put  Sir  John  A.  MacDonald  into  power.  The  vote  was  then 
an  open  one  and  could  be  counted  at  any  time  during  the  voting.  A  few  minutes 
before  the  closing  of  the  polls,  one  of  MacDonald's  friends  rushed  to  the  shop 
of  Mr.  Cliff,  telling  him  that  all  the  votes  were  in  except  those  of  himself  and 
his  workmen,  and  as  MacDonald  was  one  vote  behind,  he  would  be  defeated 
unless  Mr.  Cliff  and  his  workmen  cast  their  votes  for  him.  The  messenger  was 
told  that  the  workman  favored  the  opposition,  but  he  urged  Mr.  Cliff  to  use  his 
influence  with  him.  and  thus  MacDonald  won  the  election. 

Charles  E.  Cliff,  whose  name  introduces  this  review,  was  reared  under  the 
parental  roof  and  attended  the  public  schools  of  Napanee  in  the  acquirement  of 
an  education.  In  his  seventeenth  year  he  was  bound  out  to  a  Napanee  tinsmith 
for  n  fiv  vears'  apprenticeship,  serving  the  first  year  for  one  hundred  dollars, 
the  second  year  for  one  hundred  and  ten  dollars,  the  third  year  for  one  hundred 
and  twenty  dollars  and  the  fourth  and  fifth  years  for  one  hundred  qnd  thirtv  and 
one  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  respectively.  The  remuneration  did  not  include 


CHARLES   E.   CLIFF 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  99 

board,  and  his  father  gave  bond  that  he  would  not  break  the  terms  of  the  agree- 
ment. After  completing  his  apprenticeship  he  drew  a  salary  of  one  dollar  and 
twenty-five  cents  for  a  ten-hour  day,  and  in  1876  was  married  at  St.  Marys 
and  established  a  home  on  this  meager  income.  For  about  five  years  he  worked 
as  a  journeyman  at  St.  Marys  and  later  embarked  in  business  on  his  own  account. 
Subsequently  he  spent  about  nine  months  in  Chicago  and  thence  went  to  Bath, 
Ontario,  where  he  established  himself  in  business.  In  1888  he  came  to  New  West- 
minster, British  Columbia,  making  his  way  to  this  province  at  the  request  of 
James  Cunningham,  the  hardware  merchant,  in  whose  service  he  remained  for  a 
year.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  went  to  Nanaimo,  there  working  as  a 
journeyman  for  one  year  and  then  returning  to  New  Westminster.  Here  he 
embarked  in  business  with  two  partners  under  the  firm  style  of  Corbett  &  Cliff. 
Being  dissatisfied  with  the  management  of  his  partners,  however,  he  signed  away 
his  interest  for  his  release  from  the  concern  and  was  at  that  time  two  hundred 
dollars  in  debt.  Mr.  Cliff  then  started  in  business  alone,  but  disposed  of  his  inter- 
ests shortly  prior  to  the  Westminster  fire  of  1898,  which  wiped  out  his  estab- 
lishment, and  he  never  received  a  cent  in  payment  therefor.  Nevertheless,  though 
disaster  had  now  twice  overtaken  him,  he  started  out  anew  with  undaunted  spirit, 
and,  cleaning  out  his  chicken  house,  began  making  butter  cans  for  the  New 
Westminster  creamery.  After  the  cans  were  made  he  would  go  to  the  factory 
and  seal  them  when  they  were  filled,  receiving  fifty  cents  an  hour  for  this  work. 
From  this  small  beginning  evolved  the  extensive  can  plant  of  Cliff  &  Sons  in  East 
Burnaby,  which  now  has  a  capacity  of  from  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand 
to  three  hundred  thousand  cans  daily.  In  February,  1912,  Mr.  Cliff  retired  from 
the  active  control  of  the  concern,  at  that  time  turning  the  business  over  to  his  two 
sons,  who  have  since  disposed  of  the  business  to  the  American  Can  Company. 
He  is  a  director  of  the  Industrial  Properties  Company,  Limited,  and  now  devotes 
his  attention  almost  exclusively  to  the  management  of  his  financial  interests. 

In  1876  Mr.  Cliff  was  joined  in  wedlock  to  Miss  Mary  Edgeley  Bickell,  of 
St.  Marys,  Ontario,  her  father  being  Thomas  Bickell,  who  for  many  years  was 
a  merchant  in  Quebec  and  subsequently  became  a  commercial  salesman.  In 
his  political  views  Mr.  Cliff  is  a  conservative,  and  for  about  seven  years  he 
served  as  councilman  in  East  Burnaby.  His  religious  faith  is  indicated  by  his 
membership  in  Queens  Avenue  Methodist  church,  to  which  his  wife  also  belongs. 
The  period  of  his  residence  in  British  Columbia  covers  more  than  a  quarter  of 
a  century,  and  by  his  own  efforts  he  has  gained  a  place  among  the  leading  and 
representative  citizens  of  the  province.  His  record  should  serve  to  encourage 
and  inspire  others,  showing  what  may  be  accomplished  when  one  has  the  will 
to  dare  and  to  do. 


ADAM   SMITH  JOHNSTON. 

Adam  Smith  Johnston,  barrister  and  solicitor  of  New  Westminster,  has  an 
extensive  practice  which  makes  continuous  demands  upon  his  time.  He  is  one 
of  the  younger  members  of  the  bar,  but  has  already  gained  a  practice  that  many 
an  older  representative  of  the  profession  might  well  envy.  He  was  born  in 
Huron  county,  Ontario,  on  the  5th  of  April,  1888,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and 
Margaret  J.  Johnston.  His  education  was  acquired  in  the  schools  of  Toronto  and 
New  Westminster,  for  he  came  to  British  Columbia  in  1902,  when  a  youth  of 
fourteen  years.  Determining  to  make  the  practice  of  law  his  life  work,  he  began 
reading  in  the  office  and  under  the  direction  of  Howay,  Reid  &  Bowes,  while 
later  he  was  with  Anson,  Whealler,  McBride  &  Kennedy.  He  afterward  read 
with  the  Hon.  W.  Norman  Boles,  K.  C.,  and  was  called  to  the  British  Columbia 
bar  in  1910.  He  was  admitted  as  a  partner  to  the  firm  of  Whiteside,  Edmonds 
&  Johnston  in  1911,  practicing  in  that  connection  until  1912,  since  which  time  he 
has  followed  his  profession  independently  and  has  gained  an  extensive  clientele, 

Vol.  Ill— 4 


100 

being  today  recognized  as  one  of  the  leading  barristers  as  well  as  one  of  the 
leading  younger  members  of  the  Westminster  bar.  Along  with  those  qualities 
indispensable  to  the  successful  practitioner, — a  keen,  rapid,  logical  mind,  plus  the 
business  sense,  and  a  ready  capacity  for  hard  work, — he  brought  to  the  starting 
point  of  his  legal  career  certain  rare  gifts — eloquence  of  language  and  a  strong 
personality.  An  excellent  presence,  marked  strength  of  character,  a  thorough 
grasp  of  the  law  and  the  ability  to  accurately  apply  its  principles  are  factors  in 
his  effectiveness  as  an  advocate. 

Mr.  Johnston  is  a  conservative  in  politics  but  not  a  prominent  party  worker. 
He  belongs  to  the  Anglican  church  and  his  recreations  are  exploring  and  shooting, 
in  which  he  indulges  when  his  professional  duties  afford  him  leisure. 


THOMAS  JOHN  TRAPP. 

The  life  record  of  Thomas  John  Trapp  rivals  in  interest  and  romantic  adven- 
ture any  story  from  Jack  London's  pen,  for  he  was  closely  connected  with  the 
pioneer  history  of  the  Canadian  northwest,  participating  in  struggles  and  hard- 
ships unknown  to  the  present  generation,  passing  through  Indian  outbreaks,  and 
enduring  privations  and  even  hunger.  He  has  become  today  one  of  the  foremost 
merchants  of  New  Westminster  as  the  principal  owner  and  the  founder  of  the 
firm  of  T.  J.  Trapp  &  Company,  Ltd.,  and  a  dominant  factor  in  the  business  life 
of  the  city.  His  is,  indeed,  a  remarkable  record,  for  he  took  the  step  from  day 
laborer  to  one  of  the  most  substantial  men  of  a  flourishing  city,  breasting  all  ob- 
stacles until  he  has  reached  the  top.  The  man  who  became  this  dominant  factor 
in  the  development  of  British  Columbia  was  born  in  Waltham  Abbey,  in  the  county 
of  Essex,  England,  on  June  4,  1842,  a  son  of  Thomas  Trapp,  who  was  a  forest 
ranger  for  Sir  Heribwald  Wake  and  surveyor  for  the  town  of  Waltham  Abbey. 
In  his  religious  convictions  the  father  was  a  Baptist.  He  died  in  his  sixty-seventh 
year  and  subsequently  his  widow,  Elizabeth  (Guy)  Trapp,  came  to  British  Co- 
lumbia, making  New  Westminster  her  home  until  the  time  of  her  demise,  her 
death  occurring  at  the  age  of  seventy-seven  years. 

Thomas  J.  Trapp  was  reared  and  educated  in  his  native  town  and  began  his 
career  as  a  clerk  in  a  grocery  store,  becoming  subsequently  a  commercial  salesman 
for  a  wholesale  manufacturing  house  in  London.  In  1872  he  came  to  Canada, 
locating  in  St.  Thomas,  Ontario,  beginning  life  in  the  new  world  at  the  bottom  of 
the  ladder.  He  began  as  day  laborer,  with  pick  and  shovel,  in  the  construction  of 
the  Canada  Southern  Railroad,  and  also  worked  in  a  general  store  in  Buckston, 
Kent  county,  Ontario.  His  clear  judgment,  however,  pointed  to  the  west  as  the 
land  of  opportunities  and  on  April  23,  1873,  he  arrived  in  Victoria  and  soon 
thereafter  came  to  New  Westminster.  He  packed  his  blankets  over  the  trail  to 
Burrard  Inlet  and  then  to  Hastings  Sawmill.  After  spending  two  weeks  without 
securing  employment  he  found  a  position  at  loading  a  ship  with  spars,-  receiving 
three  dollars  per  day  and  bunking  with  the  sailors.  After  this  task  was  com- 
pleted he  again  returned  to  New  Westminster  and  later  to  Victoria.  He  was 
subsequently  employed  at  Spring  Ridge  at  digging  a  ditch  and  cutting  cordwood 
at  a  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents  per  cord  for  dry  wood  and  one  dollar  for  green 
wood.  While  there  he  walked  to  church  and  Sunday  school  every  Sunday,  the 
distance  being  nine  miles,  this  little  incident  permitting  a  glimpse  of  the  true 
Christian  spirit  that  permeates  his  being.  Later  on  he  was  employed  in  the  dry- 
goods  store  of  A.  B.  Gray,  receiving  as  compensation  forty  dollars  per  month, 
which,  however,  soon  was  raised  to  seventy-five  dollars.  In  the  spring  of  1874 
he  joined  the  rush  to  the  Cassiar  gold  fields,  but  not  meeting  the  desired  success, 
he  returned  and  engaged  in  the  stock  business  at  Nicola  and  at  Kamloops.  While 
there  he  was  employed  to  take  charge  of  a  pack  train  with  supplies  for  the  sur- 
veyors engaged  in  locating  the  route  of  the  Canadian  Pacific,  who  were  then  on 
Yellowhead  Pass.  Arriving  at  the  Athabasca  depot,  he  found  that  the  surveying 


THOMAS  J.  TRAPP 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  103 

party  had  left  for  the  east,  letters  of  instructions  being  left  on  the  eastern  slopes. 
The  Athabasca  depot  was  established  by  the  Moberly  party.  The  supplies  were 
then  stored  at  this  point  and  the  cattle  and  horses  taken  on  to  the  Bow  river, 
where  they  were  wintered.  At  the  Hardesty  river  H.  A.  F.  McLeod,  who  had 
charge  of  the  eastern  division,  was  met  and  made  arrangements  with  Mr.  Trapp 
to  take  charge  of  the  Athabasca  depot  with  the  supplies.  Mr.  Trapp  then  re- 
turned with  Michael  O'Keefe  to  that  point,  where  they  remained  until  the  follow- 
ing September  or  nearly  a  year.  During  the  winter  the  Indians  and  half-breeds 
ran  short  of  ammunition  and  starvation  was  threatened  among  them  as  a  conse- 
quence, so  Mr.  Trapp  volunteered  to  cross  the  mountains,  one  hundred  miles  to 
the  nearest  supply  station,  the  Tete  Juane  Cache,  and  bring  back  the  needed  am- 
munition. He  began  his  perilous  journey  on  January  2,  1876,  with  two  half-breeds 
and  two  dogs,  the  snow  being  six  feet  deep  and  the  cold  and  hardships  encountered 
almost  beyond  endurance  of  man.  When  within  twenty  miles  of  their  destination 
the  snow  was  softened  by  a  thaw  to  such  an  extent  that  traveling  became  practi- 
cally impossible  and  they  were  forced  to  camp,  death  staring  them  in  the  face. 
They  were  in  a  most  precarious  position  and  for  part  of  the  day  and  during  all 
the  night  the  two  half-breeds  prayed  for  colder  weather  and  set  up  as  a  pro- 
pitiatory sacrifice  two  rabbits  fashioned  out  of  the  softening  snow.  Mr.  Trapp 
does  not  claim  that  these  rites  had  anything  to  do  with  the  result,  but  colder 
weather  returned  the  next  morning  and  with  it  they  traveled  on  the  top  of  the 
frozen  snow,  finally  arriving  at  the  Tete  Juane  Cache  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  even- 
ing. There  they  secured  their  supply  of  ammunition,  passing  several  days  at  the 
cache  in  order  to  recuperate  and  then  began  the  return  journey,  which  was  suc- 
cessfully accomplished.  Mr.  Trapp  remained  at  Athabasca  depot  until  September, 
when  Marcus  Smith,  a  civil  engineer,  and  party  arrived  and  he  returned  to  Kam- 
loops.  In  the  winter  of  1879.  the  Indian  outbreaks  occurred  in  which  the  sheriff, 
John  Usher,  and  a  sheep  herder  by  the  name  oi  Kelly  were  killed  and  John 
McLeod  was  wounded.  The  Indians  tcirorized  the  entire  countryside  and  also 
came  to  Mr.  Trapp's  place,  but  while  they  ransacked  his  cabin  and  took  his  fire- 
arms, they  left  him  unharmed,  although  Kelly  was  killed  but  two  and  a  half 
miles  further  along  the  road.  The  Indians  were  surrounded  and  captured  at 
Douglas  lake  and  subsequently  four  of  them  were  hanged.  Mr.  Trapp  being  called 
as  witness  against  them.  During  this  winter  he  lost  most  of  his  live  stock  on 
account  of  the  severity  of  the  weather  and  this  decided  him  to  give  up  ranching 
and  to  engage  in  business  in  New  Westminster. 

The  style  of  the  firm  with  which  he  became  connected  was  R.  W.  Dean  &  Com- 
pany on  its  organization,  Mr.  Trapp  and  his  brother  Samuel  constituting  the  com- 
pany. Later  the  Trapp  brothers  bought  out  the  interests  of  the  others  and 
conducted  successfully  a  general  mercantile  business  for  several  years,  which,  how- 
ever, gradually  developed  into  the  present  wholesale  and  retail  hardware  firm  of 
T.  J.  Trapp  &  Company,  one  of  the  most  important  business  corporations  in  New 
Westminster.  In  1912-13  Mr.  Trapp  built  one  of  the  handsomest  and  most  sub- 
stantial business  structures  in  this  city  to  house  his  extensive  enterprise,  which  will 
stand  for  many  years  as  a  monument  to  his  ability  and  his  incessant  efforts  and 
energy.  The  influence  of  his  activities  upon  the  commercial  expansion  of  New 
Westminster  needs  no  further  illustration,  as  it  is  evidenced  by  the  foremost  posi- 
tion his  business  occupies  among  the  commercial  institutions  of  British  Columbia. 
He  was  one  of  twelve  men  who  built  the  New  Westminster  Southern  Railroad,  of 
which  he  has  been  secretary  since  its  inception.  The  corporation  never  received 
a  dollar  from  the  government  and  is  the  only  road  ever  built  in  the  Dominion 
without  a  subsidy.  It  is  now  a  part  of  the  Great  Northern  system.  He  has  like- 
wise been  president  of  the  Westminster  Trust  since  its  organization,  became  sec- 
retary of  the  Board  of  Trade  at  its  inception  and  for  three  years  was  its  president. 
He  was  likewise  one  of  the  committee  of  three  that  established  the  city  market  at 
New  Westminster. 

In  1886  Mr.  Trapp  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Nellie  K.  Dockrill,  a  native 
of  Canada  and  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Dockrill.  To  this  union  were  born  eight 


104  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

children :  Edith  Kathleen,  Thomas  Dockrill;  Stanley  Valentine,  Ethelyn,  Juanita, 
George,  Donovan  and  Dorothy.  The  family  are  devoted  members  of  the  Presby- 
terian church,  taking  an  active  and  helpful  part  in  the  work  of  that  organization, 
to  which  Mr.  Trapp  gives  his  material  and  moral  support.  He  is  also  interested 
in  other  activities  looking  to  the  uplifting  of  the  community,  is  president  of  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  and  gave  the  lot  on  which  the  association 
building  was  erected. 

For  the  past  twenty-three  years  Mr.  Trapp  has  been  an  active  member  of  the 
Royal  Agricultural  &  Industrial  Society  of  British  Columbia,  being  president  of 
the  board  for  twenty  years.  On  retiring  from  the  presidency  Mr.  Trapp  was 
presented  with  the  following  address :  "We,  the  officers  and  executive  of  the 
Royal  Agricultural  Society  cannot  permit  the  occasion  of  your  retirement  from 
the  presidency  to  pass  without  expressing  our  sincere  regret  that  the  burden  of 
years  together  with  the  claims  of  other  interests  make  you  feel  the  necessity  of 
retiring  from  that  position.  During  the  twenty  years  you  have  been  president, 
there  have  been  great  changes  in  the  agricultural,  industrial  and  commercial  life 
of  the  province.  Our  city  has  greatly  increased  its  population  and  importance, 
and  our  society  has  thrown  off  its  swaddling  clothes  of  infancy  and  now  occupies 
a  place  among  the  foremost  of  such  institutions  on  this  continent.  In  this  de- 
velopment both  in  the  society,  the  city  and  the  province  you  have  been  a  most 
important  factor.  The  strong,  firm  hand  with  which  you  have  guided  its  affairs, 
your  executive  gifts,  your  advocacy  of  progressive  motive,  your  willingness  to 
sacrifice  personal  interests  for  the  general  welfare,  have  placed  the  society  in 
the  enviable  position  it  occupies  today.  Your  business  ability,  integrity  and  zeal 
together  with  your  public  spirit  and  unselfish  devotion  to  the  best  interests  of  the 
city  have  materially  aided  in  its  advancement  and  your  constant  advocacy  and 
efforts  to  secure  good  roads,  improved  stock,  better  methods  of  land  cultivation 
and  good  seeds  have  done  much' in  the  development  of  the  agricultural  life  of  this 
province.  Few  have  filled  so  commanding  a  position  for  so  many  years  with  so 
much  credit  to  themselves  and  so  much  satisfaction  to  those  associated  with  them. 
We  have  admired  the  sterling  qualities  of  your  manhood — a  sturdy  sample  of 
the  men  of  the  west — your  genial  spirit  and  gentlemanly  bearing  that  has  made 
all  of  our  work  with  you  so  pleasant  and  the  perfect  abandon  with  which  you 
gave  yourself  to  every  enterprise  with  which  you  were  connected.  We  congratu- 
late you  on  the  splendid  work  well  done,  the  large  place  it  is  still  your  good  for- 
tune to  fill  in  the  industrial  and  commercial  life  of  our  city  and  the  honorable 
place  you  hold  in  the  esteem  and  affection  of  your  fellow  citizens.  We  ask  you 
to  accept  this  embossed  address  and  combination  traveling  bag  as  a  slight  token  of 
our  appreciation  and  good-will  coupled  with  the  earnest  hope  that  you  and  Mrs. 
Trapp,  who  has  nobly  assisted  you  in  your  work,  may  have  every  enjoyment 
that  life  affords  and  that,  though  retiring  from  the  presidency,  we  may  continue 
to  have  the  benefit  of  your  experience  and  counsel."  In  all  the  public  offices 
which  he  has  filled  Mr.  Trapp  has  never  received  a  dollar  for  his  services  save  as 
secretary  of  the  New  Westminster  Southern  Railroad.  He  is  actuated  in  all  that 
he  does  by  a  public-spirited  devotion  to  the  general  good  and  his  labors  have  been 
far-reaching  and  beneficial  in  effect. 

Fraternally  Mr.  Trapp  is  affiliated  with  the  Ancient  Order  of  United  Work- 
men and  the  Woodmen  of  the  World.  A  business  man  of  the  modern  type, 
shrewd,  able,  progressive  and  straightforward,  careful  of  his  own  interests  and 
considerate  of  those  of  others,  he  has  been  influenced  at  all  times  by  the  thought 
of  the  broader  effect  which  his  work  has  upon  the  growth  of  his  community  and 
has  always  taken  laudable  interest  in  all  worthy  projects  undertaken  for  the  cause 
of  advancement.  The  history  of  his  career  is  a  tale  which  in  its  struggles  and  its 
final  accomplishments  should  serve  as  a  spur  and  inspiration  to  those  who  follow 
him.  The  lesson  does  not  lie  in  the  fact  that  he  has  built  up  one  of  the  most 
promising  business  enterprises  in  the  city  or  that  he  has  become  wealthy,  for  it 
is  not  his  tangible  attainments  which  inspire,  although  they  are  important,  but 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  105 

the  fact  that  against  obstacles  and  adversity  he  has  struggled  to  success,  develop- 
ing those  qualities  which  have  made  that  success  possible  and  which  excite  the 
admiration  of  all  who  know  him. 


JOHN  ALEXANDER  MONTGOMERY. 

John  Alexander  Montgomery,  whose  residence  in  New  Westminster  dates 
from  1887,  is  today  one  of  the  best  known  and  most  highly  respected  men  of  the 
city,  each  year  having  chronicled  an  increase  in  his  prosperity  and  his  additional 
security  in  the  esteem  and  confidence  of  his  fellow  citizens.  He  was  born  in 
Drummond  county,  Quebec,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Jane  (Bothwell)  Mont- 
gomery, pioneers  in  that  province,  where  the  father  engaged  in  farming. 

John  A.  Montgomery  acquired  his  education  in  the  country  schools  of  his 
native  community,  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  was  obliged  on  account  of 
conditions  at  home  to  earn  his  own  livelihood.  In  choosing  an  occupation  he 
took  up  that  for  which  he  was  best  fitted  by  early  training  and  environment, 
turning  his  attention  to  general  farming.  For  a  time  he  assisted  his  father  with 
the  work  of  the  homestead,  afterwards  becoming  connected  with  railroading 
and  following  this  by  a  period  of  activity  in  the  mines.  Seeking  broader  scope 
for  his  labors  and  better  opportunities,  he  came  to  British  Columbia  in  1887  and, 
recognizing  immediately  the  splendid  future  of  New  Westminster,  took  up  his 
residence  here.  He  invested  heavily  in  land,  and  during  the  twenty-six  years  of 
his  residence  here,  has  continually  added  to  his  holdings  until  he  is  today  one  of 
the  most  extensive  owners  of  valuable  real  estate  in  the  city.  All  of  his  business 
interests  are  carefully  and  progressively  conducted  and  his  success  rewards  many 
years  of  well  directed  and  honorable  labor. 

Mr.  Montgomery  married  November  7,  1906,  Mrs.  Fannie  Huff  of  New 
Westminster  and  they  have  two  children:  Jane  Alexandra  and  Joyce  Evelyn. 
The  family  residence  is  at  403  Third  avenue,  and  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
and  attractive  homes  in  the  city.  A  life  of  straightforward  and  honorable 
activity,  directed  by  sound  intelligence  and  discriminating  judgment,  has  gained 
for  Mr.  Montgomery  a  high  place  in  the  respect  of  his  fellow  citizens.  He  is  a 
member  of  St.  Stephen's  Presbyterian  church  and  politically  is  identified  with  the 
conservative  party.  He  is  interested  in  public  affairs  and  has  done  much  to 
promote  the  welfare  of  the  community,  especially  by  his  able  service  as  a  member 
of  the  hospital  board.  No  man  is  more  justly  honored  in  New  Westminster, 
where  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  his  labors  have  been  a  force  in 
development. 


EWING  BUCHAN. 

Ewing  Buchan  is  manager  of  the  Bank  of  Hamilton  at  Vancouver,  and  as 
such  is  in  touch  with  the  multitudinous  duties  and  details  connected  with  banking. 
He  has  ever  recognized  the  fact  that  the  bank  which  most  carefully  safeguards 
the  interests  of  its  depositors  is  the  one  most  worthy  of  trust,  and  in  shaping 
the  policy  of  the  Vancouver  branch  he  has  tempered  progressiveness  with  a 
wise  conservatism.  A  native  of  Toronto,  Mr.  Buchan  was  born  in  August,  1852, 
a  son  of  David  and  Jane  (Griffith)  Buchan.  the  former  a  native  of  Glasgow, 
Scotland,  and  the  latter  of  Chester,  England.  For  many  years  the  father  was 
bursar  of  Upper  Canada  College  and,  reared  in  an  atmosphere  where  intellectual 
worth  is  duly  appraised,  Ewing  Buchan  was  accorded  liberal  opportunities  for 
attending  school.  He  mastered  the  preliminary  branches  of  learning  in  the 
grammar  schools  of  Paris,  Ontario,  and  then  entered  the  Upper  Canada  Col- 
lege at  Toronto.  When  his  text-books  were  laid  aside  he  accepted  a  clerical 


106  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

position  in  the  Canadian  Bank  of  Commerce,  which  institution  he  served  as  a 
clerk  in  various  towns  in  Ontario  for  four  years.  He  next  engaged  in  the 
stock-brokerage  business  with  his  brother,  the  late  General  Lawrence  Buchan, 
in  Toronto  under  the  firm  name  of  Buchan  Brothers,  and  continued  in  that  busi- 
ness until  1880,  when  his  brother  went  to  Brandon,  Manitoba,  after  which  Ewing 
Buchan  conducted  the  brokerage  business  in  connection  with  C.  S.  Gzowski  under 
the  firm  name  of  Gzowski  &  Buchan.  This  partnership  was  maintained  until 
November,  1888,  when  the  firm  was  dissolved  and  Mr.  Buchan  entered  into 
business  relations  with  the  Bank  of  Hamilton  at  Toronto.  During  this  time 
Mr.  Buchan  compiled  and  published  Buchan's  Sterling  Exchange  Conversion 
Tables,  which  are  still  largely  in  use  in  Canada  and  the  United  States.  For  ten 
years  he  was  manager  of  the  Bank  of  Hamilton  at  Owen  Sound,  Ontario.  The 
spring  of  1904  witnessed  his  arrival  in  Vancouver,  whither  he  came  to  become 
manager  of  this  branch,  since  which  time  he  has  held  that  office.  In  the  present 
year  he  is  chairman  of  the  Vancouver  Clearing  House  and  is  a  promnient  factor 
in  financial  circles,  his  ability,  trustworthiness  and  enterprise  winning  for  him 
the  good-will  and  confidence  of  all.  He  was  in  1910  chairman  of  Vancouver 
Board  of  Trade  and  in  1911  president  of  the  Canadian  Club. 

Mr.  Buchan  married,  in  Toronto,  in  1880,  Miss  Emma  M.  King,  daughter  of 
the  late  Rev.  Joseph  D.  King,  of  Toronto.  They  became  the  parents  of  four  chil- 
dren, the  eldest  of  whom  is  Percy  Halcro,  assistant  engineer  for  the  British  Colum- 
bia Electric  Railway  Company  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Buchan  is  a  member  of  the 
Vancouver  Club  and  the  Terminal  City  Club.  His  military  experience  covers 
service  as  a  private  in  the  Queen's  Own  Rifles  in  Toronto  during  the  period  of  his 
early  manhood.  He  was  one  of  the  first  captains  of  the  Toronto  Bicycle  Club  and 
one  of  the  first  officers  in  the  Toronto  Canoe  Club,  being  always  active  in  athletics 
and  manly  sports  during  his  residence  in  the  east.  Mr.  Buchan  has  also  achieved  re- 
nown as  an  author,  having  brought  forth  on  different  occasions  valuable  articles 
on  various  subjects.  His  sterling  traits  of  character  are  many,  his  business  ability 
is  pronounced  and  the  record  which  he  has  made  throughout  the  entire  period  of 
his  residence  in  Vancouver  has  endeared  him  to  his  fellow  citizens,  who  regard 
him  as  one  of  the  representative  financiers  of  the  northwest. 


JOHN  WALTER  MACFARLANE. 

John  Walter  Macfarlane,  who  has  been  successfully  identified  with  the 
lumber  business  at  Vancouver  for  the  past  eight  years,  has  large  timber  holdings 
both  on  the  mainland  and  the  island  and  is  engaged  in  buying,  selling  and  sur- 
veying all  kinds  of  timber  land.  His  birth  occurred  in  Renfrew,  Ontario,  in 
February,  1863,  his  parents  being  Duncan  and  Mary  (McNabb)  Macfarlane, 
the  former  a  native  of  Scotland  and  the  latter  of  Ontario.  Both  have  passed 
away.  Duncan  Macfarlane  came  to  Ontario  from  'Scotland,  settling  in  Renfrew 
county,  in  the  spring  of  1825,  under  the  late  Chief  McNabb.  There  the  remain- 
der of  his  life  was  spent.  He  was  a  prominent  lumberman  in  Ontario  for  many 
years  and  manufactured  the  first  lumber  that  was  ever  shipped  from  Canada  to 
the  Liverpool  market. 

John  W.  Macfarlane  obtained  his  education  in  the  graded  and  high  schools 
of  his  native  town  and  subsequently  learned  the  lumber  business  under  the 
direction  of  his  father,  cruising  and  operating  along  that  line  in  Ontario  until 
1905.  In  that  year  he  came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  and  embarked  in 
the  lumber  business  here,  having  since  accumulated  extensive  timber  holdings 
on  both  the  mainland  and  the  island.  He  is  engaged  in  buying,  selling  and  sur- 
veying all  kinds  of  timber  land  and  does  much  purchasing  for  investors,  having 
many  clients  in  the  States,  Eastern  Canada  and  London.  Mr.  Macfarlane  is 
likewise  the  president  of  the  Western  Steam  &  Oil  Plant  Company,  Limited,  a 
concern  organized  here  in  1910  for  the  purpose  of  selling  and  installing  oil 


JOHN  W.  MACFARLAXE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  109 

burning  plants  for  power  and  heating  purposes.  The  company  has  been  very 
successful,  having  placed  plants  in  many  new  and  modern  office  and  apartment 
buildings. 

On  the  3Oth  of  July,  1905,  at  North  Bay,  Ontario,  Mr.  Macfarlane  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Edith  Macfarlane,  of  Niagara  Falls,  Ontario.  They  now 
have  two  children,  Anna  Lorna  and  Robert  Walter.  Fraternally  Mr.  Macfarlane 
has  been  identified  with  the  Masons  for  more  than  twenty  years,  being  now  a 
member  of  Western  Gate  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  was  a  charter  member 
of  Sturgeon  Falls  Lodge,  No.  447.  His  religious  faith  is  indicated  by  his  mem- 
bership in  St.  John's  Presbyterian  church.  Attractive  social  qualities  render 
him  popular  and  he  has  an  extensive  circle  of  warm  friends  in  Vancouver. 


MURWIN    RICHARD   WORTH. 

Yet  a  young  man,  Murwin  Richard  Worth  has  already  made  his  mark  in 
commercial  life,  being  the  sole  owner  of  the  Western  Oil  &  Supply  Company, 
one  of  the  important  business  enterprises  of  Vancouver.  A  native  of  Ontario,  he 
was  born  at  Hampton,  in  the  township  of  Darlington,  Durham  county,  June  9, 
1880,  a  son  of  Richard  and  Mary  Jane  Worth,  the  former  of  whom  for  many 
years  engaged  in  the  hardware  business  at  Bowmanville,  Ontario. 

Murwin  Richard  Worth  acquired  a  public-school  education  in  his  native 
province,  spending  subsequently  six  years  in  the  hardware  establishment  of  his 
father.  In  the  spring  of  1900  he  came  to  Vancouver,  being  for  about  a  year  and 
a  half  employed  by  McClellan,  McFeely  &  Company,  wholesale  hardware  mer- 
chants. The  next  two  years  were  passed  in  the  employ  of  the  Cunningham 
Hardware  Company  as  traveling  salesman,  distributing  their  goods  throughout 
the  entire  province  of  British  Columbia.  Having  gained  valuable  experience 
in  the  retail  and  wholesale  end  of  the  business  and  the  manufacture  as  well  as 
disposal  of  the  goods,  he  felt  assured  of  success,  and  in  1904  started  out  in  a 
similar  line  under  the  name  of  the  Western  Oil  &  Supply  Company,  of  which  he  is 
sole  proprietor.  Since  its  inception  the  business  has  flourished  in  a  remarkable 
way,  its  trade  expanding  from  year  to  year  and  its  profits  growing  in  proportion. 

Aside  from  his  business  interests  Mr.  Worth  has  some  realty  investments. 
Fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  King  Solomon  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  New 
Westminster,  and  N.  Clark  Wallace  Lodge,,  Loyal  Order  of  Orange,  of  Van- 
couver. His  club  relations  are  with  the  Terminal  City  and  Rotary  Clubs  of  this 
city.  A  young  man  of  aggressive  spirit,  thoroughly  modern  in  his  ideas  and, 
actuated  by  ambition  to  succeed,  he  has  already  established  himself  as  an 
important  member  of  the  commercial  fraternity  of  Vancouver,  and  there  exists 
no  speculation  as  to  his  future  success.  He  is  interested  in  all  that  concerns  his 
adopted  city  and  can  ever  be  found  in  the  ranks  of  those  who  have  at  heart  the 
commercial  expansion  of  the  city  and  its  moral  and  intellectual  upbuilding.  What 
he  has  achieved  is  commendable  and  his  career  is  proof  of  the  fact  that  close 
application  and  high  ambition,  supported  by  industry  and  energy,  eventually  reach 
the  goal. 


WILLIAM    HENRY   LEMBKE. 

William  Henry  Lembke  is  the  managing  director  of  the  Lembke  Investment 
Company,  Ltd.  He  has  occupied  this  position  since  its  inception  in  1912,  and  in 
shaping  the  policy  of  the  company  has  greatly  furthered  its  interests.  He  was 
born  March  22,  1869,  in  Grey  county,  Ontario,  a  son  of  William  and  Margaret 
Lembke.  The  family  name  indicates  their  German  origin.  In  the  public  schools 
of  his  native  place  William  Henry  Lembke  pursued  his  education  and  later 


110  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

devoted  some  time  to  farming,  but  turned  from  agricultural  to  industrial  pursuits 
when  twenty  years  of  age,  going  into  the  building  trade.  After  four  years 
spent  in  the  employ  of  others  he  embarked  in  the  contracting  and  building 
business  on  his  own  account,  but  thinking  to  find  broader  and  better  opportunities 
on  the  Pacific  coast  he  left  the  east  in  1897  and  made  his  way  to  British  Columbia. 
After  his  arrival  in  this  section  of  the  country  he  followed  the  contracting  and 
building  business  in  Revelstoke  and  in  Rossland  for  two  years.  In  1899  he 
arrived  in  Vancouver,  where  he  again  became  connected  with  building  interests 
as  a  contractor,  thus  contributing  to  the  improvement  and  development  of  the 
city  until  1905.  His  work  has  since  been  equally  effective  in  promoting  Van- 
couver's interests,  for  in  the  intervening  period  of  eight  years  he  has  engaged  in 
the  real-estate,  insurance  and  loan  business.  In  1912  the  Lembke  Investment 
Company,  Ltd.,  was  formed,  of  which  he  was  the  promoter.  His  long  previous 
experience  as  a  contractor  and  builder  made  him  largely  acquainted  with  property 
interests  and  values  in  Vancouver  and  served  as  the  foundation  upon  which  he 
has  builded  his  later  success  as  a  real-estate  dealer.  He  has  now  secured  a  good 
clientage  in  that  department  and  in  insurance  and  loan  circles,  and  his  business 
is  reaching  broadening  and  substantial  proportions,  bringing  to  him  satisfactory 
financial  returns. 

On  the  3d  of  September,  1906,  in  Seattle,  Washington,  Mr.  Lembke  was 
married  to  Mrs.  Mary  Ellen  Hurst,  nee  Senior,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Elizabeth 
Senior,  representatives  of  an  old  family  in  Manchester,  England.  Mr.  Lembke 
has  a  step-son,  Ewart  Macleod  Hurst.  Mr.  Lembke's  religious  faith  is  that  of  the 
Lutheran  church.  His  fraternal  relations  are  with  Vancouver  Lodge,  I.  O.  O.  F. 
In  politics  he  is  a  conservative  and  is  now  a  councilor  of  the  municipality  of 
Point  Grey,  British  Columbia.  He  takes  an  active  interest  in  all  measures  and 
movements  pertaining  to  the  general  welfare,  and  along  business  lines  and  in 
citizenship  has  contributed  to  the  work  of  upbuilding  and  improvement. 


NELS  NELSON. 

Nels  Nelson,  proprietor  of  the  Westminster  Brewery,  of  New  Westminster, 
is  justly  ranked  with  the  successful  business  men  who  owe  their  prosperity  to 
enterprise,  keen  business  discernment,  determined  effort  and  indefatigable  industry. 
He  was  born  in  Denmark  on  the  nth  of  August,  1863,  and  was  reared  in  his 
native  country,  the  common  schools  affording  him  his  educational  privileges. 
When  fourteen  years  of  age  he  went  to  sea  and  through  the  succeeding  four 
years  followed  a  seafaring  life.  In  1881  he  had  become  an  able  seaman  on  board 
of  a  German  vessel  which  sailed  from  Hamburg  to  Baltimore  and  thence  around 
the  Horn  to  the  west  coast  of  Mexico,  and  from  that  point  on  to  Victoria,  at 
which  place  Mr.  Nelson  left  the  ship,  having  determined  to  try  his  fortune  in 
British  Columbia.  Through  the  succeeding  four  years  he  was  employed  in  the 
old  Victoria  brewery,  in  which  he  learned  the  science  of  brewing  beer,  becoming 
familiar  with  every  process  and  gaining  notable  skill  in  that  connection.  He 
afterward  went  to  Nanaimo,  where  he  spent  a  few  months  in  a  brewery,  and  in 
1886  came  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  entered  the  old  City  Brewery  as 
brewmaster,  in  which  capacity  he  served  for  nine  years.  In  1895  he  purchased 
the  Westminster  Brewery  and  a  year  later  bought  the  old  City  Brewery,  in 
which  he  had  spent  almost  a  decade  as  brewmaster.  After  the  purchase  of  the 
latter  plant  the  two  were  merged  into  one  under  the  name  of  the  Westminster 
Brewery.  Still  extending  his  business,  Mr.  Nelson,  in  1897,  purchased  his  plant  in 
Brunette  and  has  since  conducted  business  there.  His  interests  are  now  extensive 
and  of  an  important  character.  The  product  of  his  brewery  is  shipped  widely  over 
the  northwest,  the  excellence  of  its  product  being  acknowledged  by  all  who  are 
competent  judges  in  that  regard.  His  trade  having  assumed  extensive  proportions, 


NELS  NELSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  113 

the  business  is  a  very  profitable '  one  and  Mr.  Nelson  well  deserves  the  success 
which  has  come  to  him. 

In  1889  Mr.  Nelson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Annette  Sorenson,  a 
native  of  Denmark,  and  by  this  marriage  six  children  have  been  born,  of  whom 
five  are  yet  living:  Lena  C,  at  home;  Lawry,  an  engineer,  of  New  Westminster; 
Edna  C.,  Violet  A.  and  Frieda,  all  at  home. 

In  politics  Mr.  Nelson  is  a  conservative  and  in  political  questions  and  activities 
takes  a  deep  and  helpful  interest,  being  now  president  of  the  Conservative  Asso- 
ciation of  New  Westminster.  He  is  well  informed  on  all  questions  and  issues  of 
the  day  and  his  position  is  that  of  a  progressive  citizen  who  has  the  welfare  of 
city,  province  and  country  at  heart. 

Mr.  Nelson  belongs  to  King  Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  which 
he  is  a  past  master.  He  is  also  a  member  of  Westminster  Chapter,  No.  124, 
R.  A.  M.,  in  which  he  is  a  past  principal.  He  likewise  belongs  to  Westminster 
Commandery,  No.  56,  K.  T.,  to  Gizeh  Temple,  A.  A.  O.  N.  M.  S.,  of  Victoria. 
Aside  from  Masonry  he  has  membership  in  Royal  Lodge,  No.  6,  K.  P.,  and  was 
one  of  its  founders  in  1886.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Westminster  Progressive 
Association  and  of  the  Board  of  Trade,  and  heartily  cooperates  in  all  movements 
and  measures  put  forth  by  those  organizations  for  the  benefit  and  upbuilding  of 
the  city  in  which  he  makes  his  home.  He  is  public-spirited  in  all  that  he  does 
and  his  labors  have  been  an  effective  force  for  public  progress.  He  is  vice 
president  of  the  Royal  Agricultural  and  Industrial  Society  of  New  Westminster, 
and  he  takes  a  deep  interest  in  agricultural  affairs,  owning  a  farm  of  three 
hundred  acres  on  Lulu  island,  which  he  operated  for  five  years  himself,  during 
which  period  he  brought  the  place  under  a  high  state  of  productiveness.  The 
Nelson  family  are  members  of  the  Church  of  England  and  Mr.  Nelson  is  a 
most  generous  man.  No  good  work  done  in  the  name  of  charity  or  religion  seeks 
his  aid  in  vain,  and  yet  there  is  no  man  more  unostentatious  in  his  giving.  The 
poor  and  needy  ever  find  in  him  a  friend,  and  there  are  many  occasions  on  which 
not  even  the  recipient  knows  the  identity  of  his  benefactor  until  he  accidentally 
discovers  it.  Mr.  Nelson  finds  his  recreation  largely  in  lacrosse  and  has  served 
as  president  of  the  British  Columbia  Lacrosse  Association  and  of  the  New 
Westminster  Lacrosse  Association  while  the  teams  were  in  the  amateur  class. 
He  is  now  building  one  of  the  finest  homes  in  New  Westminster  and  is  most 
devoted  to  his  family,  doing  everything  in  his  power  to  promote  their  welfare 
and  happiness.  He  is  unassuming  and  democratic  in  manner,  but  his  intellectual 
force  and  personal  worth  are  recognized  by  all  with  whom  he  comes  in  contact. 


S 


HENRY   LOVEKIN   EDMONDS. 

The  life  history  of  Henry  Lovekin  Edmonds  stands  in  contradistinction  to  the 
Id  adage  that  a  prophet  is  never  without  honor  save  in  his  own  country,  for  in 
e  city  of  his  nativity  he  has  attained  distinction  and  has  won  recognition  for  his 
ability  as  a  member  of  the  bar.     He  is  now  serving  as  police  magistrate  in  New 
Westminster,  to  which  office  he  was  called  in  May,  1910.     He  was  born  in  New 
estminster,  November  2,  1870,  a  son  of  Henry  Valentine  and  Jane  Fortune 
Kemp)  Edmonds,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Ireland,  the  former  born  in 
Dublin  and  the  latter  in  Cork.     The  son  pursued  his  education  in  the  public 
hools  of  New  Westminster  and  of  Victoria,  and  after  completing  his  more 
;cifically  literary  education  entered  upon  the  study  of  law  and  prepared  for 
e  bar,  to  which  he  was  called  in  1894.     His  record  as  a  practitioner  has  been 
aracterized   by   continuous   progress   as   experience   and    further   study   have 
rought  him  power  and  developed  his  latent  talents.     He  has  been  accorded  a 
good  law  practice  and  is  now  making  a  creditable  record  as  police  magistrate, 
which  office  he  has  filled  for  more  than  three  years.     His  standing  among  his 
rofessional  brethren  is  indicated  by  the  fact  that  he  is  honorary  secretary  of 


114  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

the  New  Westminster  Bar  Association,  which  position  he  has  held  for  about 
twelve  years.  In  addition  to  professional  interests  Mr.  Edmonds  is  known  in 
business  circles  as  one  of  the  directors  and  the  secretary  of  the  Quesnelle  Lake 
Timber  Company,  Ltd.,  a  director  of  the  Fraser  River  Tannery,  Ltd.,  and  a 
director  of  the  Edmonds  Development  Company,  Ltd.  All  of  these  are  factors 
in  that  general  development  and  upbuilding  of  the  country  which  has  its  root  in 
business  activity  and  the  utilization  of  natural  resources. 

Mr.  Edmonds  also  figures  prominently  in  political  circles.  Since  age  con- 
ferred upon  him  the  right  of  franchise  he  has  given  stalwart  support  to  the 
conservative  party,  and  that  he  is  one  of  the  leaders  in  its  ranks  is  indicated 
by  the  fact  that  he  served  as  president  of  the  New  Westminster  Conservative 
Association  from  1910  until  1912,  inclusive,  and  is  now  president  of  the  New 
Westminster  District  Conservative  Association  and  the  third  vice  president  of 
the  British  Columbia  Conservative  Association. 

On  the  1 5th  of  July,  1908,  in  New  Westminster  Mr.  Edmonds  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Ella  Kate  Pringle,  a  daughter  of  M.  Pringle.  They  hold 
membership  in  the  Church  of  England,  and  Mr.  Edmonds  is  well  known  in 
fraternal  and  club  circles,  being  identified  with  King  Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17, 
A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  New  Westminster;  the  Canadian  Order  of  Woodmen  of  the 
World;  the  Hoo  Hoos;  the  native  sons  of  British  Columbia;  the  Westminster 
Club;  the  Burnaby  Country  Club,  and  the  British  Columbia  Golf  Club.  His 
activities  are  varied,  maintaining  an  even  balance  in  his  life  and  making  him 
one  of  the  forceful  and  honored  factors  in  the  community. 


WALTER  R.  GILLEY. 

Walter  R.  Gilley  has  become  widely  known  as  a  leader  in  many  public  enter- 
prises. He  has  done  much  to  shape  general  thought  and  action  and  his  influence 
has  ever  been  on  the  side  of  improvement  in  matters  of  citizenship  as  well  as 
in  the  material  development  of  New  Westminster.  He  was  born  October  22, 
1859,  at  St.  Andrews,  New  Brunswick,  and  of  that  province  his  parents,  Walter 
and  Sarah  (Rogers)  Gilley,  were  also  natives.  The  father  was  a  school  teacher 
for  many  years.  He  came  to  British  Columbia  in  1888,  remaining  thereafter  a 
resident  of  this  province  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1903,  when  he  had 
reached  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-four  years. 

Walter  R.  Gilley  was  educated  in  the  country  schools  of  New  Brunswick, 
which  he  attended  to  the  age  of  fifteen  years.  He  then  put  aside  his  school  books 
in  order  to  start  out  in  life  on  his  own  account  and  secured  a  clerkship  in  the 
postoffice  at  St.  Stephens.  In  October,  1877,  at  the  age  of  eighteen  years,  he 
arrived  in  British  Columbia  and  for  a  considerable  period  was  prominently 
identified  with  the  lumber  industry.  He  was  first  employed  in  the  lumber 
woods  bordering  the  Fraser  river,  spending  a  part  of  the  time  in  driving  a  six- 
yoke  team  of  oxen,  for  in  those  days  such  means  were  the  only  methods  of 
getting  the  timber  to  high  water  where  shipment  could  be  made.  After  five 
years  of  logging  Mr.  Gilley  formed  a  partnership  with  his  brother  James  R. 
at  Port  Haney  and  began  hauling  sand  and  wood.  This  business  was  continued 
until  1886,  when  they  engaged  in  logging  on  the  Fraser  river.  In  the  following 
year  they  established  a  livery  and  transfer  business  at  New  Westminster  which 
they  conducted  until  1893.  The  following  year  they  resumed  their  logging  inter- 
ests and  during  their  operation  in  that  field  of  business  they  cut  some  of  the 
largest  timber  in  British  Columbia,  some  of  the  trees  measuring  three  hundred  feet 
in  length,  while  one  giant  trunk  which  they  took  to  tide  water  was  ninety  feet  long, 
fifty-eight  inches  in  diameter  at  the  small  end  and  seven  feet  at  the  butt.  In 
1898,  the  year  of  the  big  fire  in  New  Westminster,  the  Gilley  brothers  retired 
from  the  logging  business  and  began  dealing  in  coal,  wood,  cement  and  building 
supplies.  The  undertaking  prospered  from  the  beginning.  They  supplied  the 


WALTEK  R.  GILLEY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  117 

crushed  rock  for  the  northwest  bridge  spanning  the  Eraser  river  and  known  as 
one  of  the  finest  structures  of  its  kind  in  Canada.  They  own  and  operate  exten- 
sive quarries  on  the  Pitt  river  and  their  annual  business  is  now  one  of  extensive 
proportions  and  returns  to  them  a  gratifying  yearly  income. 

It  has  been  the  privilege  of  Mr.  Gilley  to  witness  many  changes  and  improve- 
ments in  New  Westminster  and  this  part  of  the  country,  which  was  compara- 
tively a  wilderness  when  he  entered  upon  his  business  activities  in  this  section 
of  the  country.  His  labors  have  been  a  factor  in  the  work  of  general  business 
development  and  he  is  widely  recognized  as  a  forceful  and  resourceful  man, 
ready  to  meet  any  emergency  with  the  consciousness  that  comes  of  a  right 
conception  of  things  and  an  habitual  regard  for  what  is  best  in  the  exercise  of 
human  activities. 

In  1888  Mr.  Gilley  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Salina  F.  Hinch,  a  native 
of  Ontario  and  a  daughter  of  John  Hinch,  who  was  one  of  the  old  settlers  of 
Port  Haney,  where  he  took  up  his  abode  in  1875.  Eight  children  were  born  unto 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gilley  and  in  social  circles  of  New  Westminster  the  family  has 
long  been  prominent. 

Fraternally  Mr.  Gilley  is  connected  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows,  and  he  is  an  active  member  of  the  New  Westminster  Board  of  Trade, 
being  president  for  one  year.  Public-spirited  and  progressive  to  an  eminent 
degree,  he  has  taken  a  very  active  interest  in  making  the  Fraser  river  easy  of 
access  both  day  and  night,  believing  that  the  future  prosperity  of  New  West- 
minster depends  to  a  great  extent  upon  making  this  river  sufficiently  deep  to 
accommodate  the  largest  ocean-going  vessels.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the 
navigation  committee  and  served  as  its  chairman  for  several  years.  Through 
his  efforts  the  Board  of  Trade  secured  the  services  of  a  harbor  engineer  of  great 
experience,  and  the  plans  he  submitted  were  later  adopted  by  the  government. 
Mr.  Gilley  believes  that  when  all  the  work  planned  is  finished  New  Westminster 
will  have  beyond  doubt  the  finest  harbor  in  British  Columbia.  In  politics  he  is 
a  conservative.  In  1899  and  1900  he  was  city  alderman  and  during  that  time 
was  chairman  of  the  board  of  public  works.  He  stands  for  all  that  is  best  in 
citizenship  as  well  as  in  business  life,  and  while  in  public  office  his  efforts  were 
an  effective  force  for  the  municipal  welfare.  He  is  a  self-made  man  who  by 
his  own  labors  has  risen  from  a  comparatively  obscure  position  in  the  business 
world  to  one  of  prominence.  He  never  fails  to  accomplish  what  he  undertakes 
if  it  can  be  done  by  persistent,  earnest  effort,  and  the  laudable  ambition  that 
has  actuated  him  through  all  the  successive  steps  of  his  business  career  has 
brought  him  to  an  enviable  position. 


WILLIAM   LEWIS   KEATE. 

One  who  studies  the  timber  industry  will  note  that  activities  along  this  line 
have  gradually  moved  westward  until  one  of  the  most  important  centers  of  the 
trade  is  to  be  found  in  British  Columbia.  Among  those  prominently  representing 
business  of  this  character  is  William  Lewis  Keate,  of  Vancouver,  now  actively 
and  successfully  engaged  in  dealing  in  timber  lands.  He  was  born  in  Grand 
Rapids,  Michigan,  March  20,  1876,  a  son  of  Edward  Jefferson  and  Eliza  Scott 
(Peoples)  Keate,  who  were  pioneer  people  of  Michigan,  while  the  father,  English 
born,  was  a  native  of  London.  The  son  pursued  his  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  city  and  being  reared  in  the  center  of  an  important  lumber 
district,  acquired  in  a  casual  way  not  a  little  knowledge  of  the  trade  at  that  time, 
although  on  leaving  school  he  did  not  become  connected  with  that  line  of  activity. 
He  entered  the  employ  of  R.  G.  Dun  &  Company,  with  whom  he  remained  for 
ten  years  as  assistant  manager  in  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan,  and  later  at  Detroit. 
In  1905  he  accepted  the  management  of  the  Kalamazoo  (Mich.)  branch  of  the 
firm  and  remained  there  for  two  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he 


118  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  engaged  in  the  timber  business  on  his 
own  account  and  also  represents  eastern  capital  in  the  placing  of  investments. 
He  has  been  successful  since  coming  to  the  coast  and  his  energy  and  ability  prom- 
ise well  for  the  future.  He  has  conducted  important  negotiations  in  timber  lands 
and  within  the  period  of  his  residence  here  has  gained  comprehensive  knowledge 
of  values  and  knows  thoroughly  of  the  leading  timber  tracts  of  this  section  of 
the  country. 

On  the  3d  of  June,  1907,  at  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan,  Mr.  Keate  was  married 
to  Miss  Ethel  M.  Anderson,  a  daughter  of  Frederick  Anderson,  and  their  chil- 
dren are  William  Lewis  and  Robert  Jefferson  Keate.  Mr.  Keate  took  out  citi- 
zenship papers  in  Canada  in  1911,  but  is  not  active  in  political  circles.  He 
belongs  to  St.  Mark's  Episcopal  church  and  is  a  member  of  the  Terminal  City, 
the  British  Columbia  Golf  and  the  Rotary  Clubs.  He  has  become  popular  in 
these  organizations  and  has  gained  a  circle  of  friends  that  is  constantly  broaden- 
ing as  the  circle  of  his  acquaintance  widens. 


FRANCIS  BOWSER. 

In  1907  Francis  Bowser  moved  from  Vancouver  into  the  suburb  of  Kerrisdale 
and,  in  the  midst  of  what  was  then  practically  a  virgin  forest,  built  a  magnificent 
home.  It  is  surrounded  by  a  wide  and  level  lawn  beautified  with  flowers  and 
trees  and  the  place  constitutes  one  of  the  most  attractive  residences  in  the  beauti- 
ful suburb  which  has  grown  up  around  it.  All  of  these  things  represent  the  fruits 
of  a  long,  active  and  honorable  career,  closely  identified  with  business  and  public 
interests  of  Vancouver,  where  Mr.  Bowser  has  resided  since  1888  and  where  he 
has  become  known  as  a  moving  force  in  everything  relating  to  the  city's  political, 
social  and  material  advancement.  Although  he  is  living  retired  he  is  still  active 
in  community  affairs  and  his  wealth  and  influence  are  always  used  in  behalf  of 
public  progress. 

Mr.  Bowser  was  born  in  Kingston,  now  Rexton,  New  Brunswick,  September 
13,  1858,  and  is  a  son  of  William  and  Margaret  (Gordon)  Bowser,  the  former 
a  son  of  John  Bowser,  a  native  of  England,  who  emigrated  to  New  Brunswick 
and  there  became  very  prominent,  serving  as  a  judge  for  number  of  years.  His 
son,  William  Bowser,  was  born  in  New  Brunswick  and  after  reaching  manhood 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Kingston.  He  married  Miss  Margaret  Gordon, 
of  Scotch  lineage,  and  they  became  the  parents  of  eight  children,  two  of  whom 
are  now  residents  of  British  Columbia.  These  are:  Francis,  the  subject  of  this 
review ;  and  William  J.,  LL.  B.,  K.  C.,  who  is  serving  as  attorney  general  of  the 
province.  A  more  extended  mention  of  his  career  will  be  found  elsewhere  in 
this  work. 

Francis  Bowser  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  prov- 
ince and  as  a  boy  of  seventeen  went  to  sea,  sailing  out  of  Liverpool,  England,  for 
about  five  years  thereafter.  Concluding,  however,  that  a  seafaring  life  offered 
him  no  opportunity  for  advancement,  he  went  to  the  United  States  in  1880  and 
was  variously  employed  in  Bay  City,  Michigan,  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  and  other 
cities  until  1881,  when  he  moved  to  Canada,  settling  in  Brandon,  Manitoba.  After 
one  year  he  moved  to  Moose  Jaw,  Saskatchewan,  and  there  turned  his  attention 
to  the  general  merchandise  business,  Moose  Jaw  being  at  that  time  the  western 
terminal  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad.  As  the  road  pushed  farther  west 
business  conditions  there  became  less  favorable  and  Mr.  Bowser  disposed  of  his 
mercantile  enterprise  and  in  the  summer  of  1883  came  to  British  Columbia, 
settling  in  Victoria  and  becoming  engaged  on  the  construction  work  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  in  the  Yale  district.  -For  some  'time  afterward  he 
held  this  position  and  then  entered  the  freight  department  of  construction,  having 
his  offices  at  Port  Hammond,  British  Columbia.  There  he  remained  until  1885, 
when  the  work  called  for  by  the  Onderdonk  contracts  was  completed.  This 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  121 

consisted  of  the  laying  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-eight  miles  of  track  on  the 
main  line  from  Emory's  Bar  to  Savona  and  when  it  was  finished  Mr.  Bowser 
returned  to  Victoria,  where  he  was  employed  by  the  Canadian  Pacific  Navigation 
Company  for  some  time.  In  1888  he  came  to  what  is  now  Vancouver  and  is  num- 
bered therefore  among  the  early  arrivals  in  the  city.  He  entered  the  Dominion 
customs  services  as  clerk  in  the  office  of  the  landing  waiter  and  in  1889  became 
chief  landing  waiter,  holding  that  position  until  1908,  a  period  of  about  twenty 
years,  during  which  his  capable,  prompt  and  conscientious  performance  of  his 
duties  won  him  general  recognition  as  a  public-spirited  official  and  a  far-sighted  and 
resourceful  business  man.  During  all  of  his  time  Mr.  Bowser  made  various 
investments  in  Vancouver  property  and  acquired  extensive  and  valuable  real- 
estate  interests,  winning  a  comfortable  competency  upon  which  he  retired  from 
active  life  in  1908.  Some  time  before  he  had  removed  from  Vancouver  to  Kerris- 
dale,  Point  Grey,  and  here  acquired  a  large  acreage  upon  which  he  built  a  home. 
At  this  time  the  region  was  practically  virgin  forest  and  the  magnificence  of  his 
residence  seemed  out  of  place  in  these  primitive  surroundings  but  there  gradually 
grew  up  around  it  other  homes  and  Kerrisdale  justified  his  faith  in  its  future  by 
becoming  a  most  beautiful  suburb. 

On  the  8th  of  August,  1885,  Mr.  Bowser  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Julia 
Jessie  Sinclair,  a  daughter  of  William  Sinclair,  a  retired  Hudson's  Bay  Company 
official,  of  whom  further  mention  is  made  elsewhere  in  this  work.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Bowser  have  five  children,  Frances  Maud,  William  James,  Margaret  Kitt- 
son,  Janet  Baxter  and  Frank  Copely. 

In  the  quarter  of  a  century  during  which  Mr.  Bowser  has  lived  in  Vancouver 
no  movement  of  a  progressive  public  nature  has  been  formulated  which  has  not 
•eceived  his  hearty  indorsement  and  enthusiastic  support.  Essentially  public- 
.pirited  and  progressive,  he  is  prominent  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  growth  and 
advancement  and  was  active  in  formation  of  the  municipality  of  Point  Grey  in 
1908.  serving  as  reeve  from  1910  to  1911.  He  is  at  present  a  member  of  the  Bur- 
rard  Peninsular  Sewerage  Commission  and  chairman  of  the  board.  He  is  a  thirty- 
second  degree  Mason,  a  member  of  Acacia  Lodge,  No.  22,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and 
has  held  all  the  chairs  and  is  past  grand  master  of  the  jurisdiction  for  British 
Columbia.  He  was  a  moving  spirit  in  the  building  of  the  Masonic  Temple  in 
Vancouver  and  is  now  a  director  and  treasurer  of  the  Vancouver  Masonic  Temple 
Building  Company.  He  attends  the  Presbyterian  church  of  Kerrisdale,  to  which 
he  gave  two  lots  upon  which  the  church  edifice  is  built,  and  he  is  a  regular 
attendant  at  divine  service.  He  has  seen  Vancouver  develop  from  a  small  town 
to  its  present  prosperous  condition  and  has  been  a  factor  in  the  work  of  its 
progress.  A  man  of  exemplary  character,  he  holds  the  respect  and  confidence 
of  all  who  know  him  and,  having  won  for  himself  an  honorable  position  in  busi- 
ness, social  and  political  circles,  is  now  enjoying  the  rest  and  retirement  which 
rewards  earnest  and  well  directed  labor. 


I 


FREDERICK  L.   DAVIS. 

Frederick  L.  Davis,  one  of  the  recent  acquisitions  to  the  legal  fraternity  of 
Vancouver,  having  removed  here  from  Neepawa,  Manitoba,  in  1913,  is  a  native 
of  Hastings  county,  Ontario,  where  his  family  have  resided  for  four  generations. 
He  was  born  at  Belleville  on  the  6th  of  August,  1867,  his  parents  being  James 
Ashley  and  Sarah  (Way)  Davis.  They  are  natives  of  Ontario,  the  father 
having  been  born  at  Pictou  and  the  mother  at  Ameliasburg.  James  A.  Davis 
removed  with  his  family  to  Manitoba  in  1881,  where  he  has  ever  since  resided 
and  is  now  living  retired  in  Winnipeg  at  54  Frances  street.  He  has  attained  the 
advanced  age  of  seventy-seven  years,  while  the  mother  is  seventy-six.  They  have 
been  married  fifty  years  and  have  been  the  parents  of  three  sons,  of  whom  our 
subject  is  the  eldest  and  the  only  one  living.  Mrs.  Davis  is  a  daughter  of  John 


122  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Way,  who  married  a  Miss  Casey,  of  United  Empire  Loyalist  stock,  and  they 
became  the  parents  of  a  large  family. 

Frederick  L.  Davis,  whose  name  introduces  this  record,  was  reared  at  home 
and  received  his  elementary  education  in  the  schools  of  Belleville,  and  there  took 
his  first  year's  work  in  collegiate  institute.  He  accompanied  his  parents  on  their 
removal  to  Winnipeg  in  1881,  and  there  continued  his  education,  being  gradu- 
ated from  collegiate  institute  in  May,  1884.  In  1887  he  was  awarded  his  degree 
in  arts,  following  which  he  took  a  Normal  course,  in  order  to  qualify  himself 
for  the  profession  of  teaching.  He  followed  this  vocation  for  two  years,  at 
the  expiration  of  which  time  he  took  up  the  study  of  law,  being  granted  his 
enrollment  in  1893.  He  went  to  Neepawa,  where  he  followed  his  profession  for 
about  nineteen  years  until  he  came  to  Vancouver.  In  1900  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  at  Neepawa  succeeded  in  building  up  a  large  and  in  every  way  desirable 
clientage.  He  gave  up  his  practice  there  in  1913  and  came  to  Vancouver,  where 
he  has  permanently  located. 

In  May,  1895,  Mr.  Davis  was  married  to  Miss  Nellie  Webster,  who  had  been 
a  resident  of  Winnipeg  since  1881,  and  was  for  many  years  prominent  in 
musical  circles  there.  Of  this  marriage  have  been  born  three  children,  Marjory, 
Webster  and  Elizabeth,  the  latter  dying  at  the  age  of  six  years  in  1908. 

Mr.  Davis  is  a  strong  supporter  of  the  liberal  party  and  takes  an  active 
interest  in  all  political  affairs,  as  did  his  father  before  him,  although  the  latter 
never  sought  public  office.  In  1910  Mr.  Davis  was  a  nominee  for  the  provincial 
legislature,  but  his  name  was  cast  out  on  a  technicality,  his  agent  having  had  the 
papers  sworn  to  before  a  police  magistrate  instead  of  a  justice  of  the  peace,  as 
the  law  requires.  Fraternally  he  is  a  Mason  and  Odd  Fellow.  His  residence  in 
Vancouver  has  been  of  very  brief  duration,  but  he  has  made  an  excellent  begin- 
ning and  has  every  reason  to  feel  gratified  with  the  success  which  has  thus  far 
attended  his  efforts. 


REV.  THOMAS  DA  VIES  PEARSON. 

The  Methodist  ministry  long  numbered  Rev.  Thomas  Davies  Pearson  among 
its  able  divines  and  his  life  was  fruitful  in  good  accomplished  for  the  moral' 
uplift  of  the  race.  Ever  kindly  in  spirit  and  charitable  in  his  judgment,  while 
never  deviating  in  the  slightest  degree  from  what  he  believed  to  be  right,  he 
won  the  love  and  trust  of  his  fellowmen  and  his  death,  even  though  it  came 
when  he  had  attained  a  venerable  age,  was  deeply  regretted  by  all  who  knew  him. 

He  was  born  on  June  17,  1828,  in  the  Forest  of  Dean,  Gloucester,  England, 
and  passed  away  in  New  Westminster  on  the  I3th  of  September,  1911,  at  the 
age  of  eighty-three  years.  His  father  was  a  minister  of  the  Wesleyan  Methodist 
church,  and,  reared  in  a  Christian  atmosphere,  the  son  became  a  local  preacher 
at  the  age  of  nineteen.  He  was  a  young  man  of  twenty-three  years  when,  in 
1851,  he  came  to  Canada  with  Egerton  Ryerson.  In  1852  he  became  a  candidate 
for  the  ministry  of  the  Wesleyan  Methodist  conference,  was  received  on  trial 
the  following  year  and  in  1856  was  received  into  full  connection  and  ordained. 
In  accordance  with  the  custom  of  the  country  the  Rev.  Pearson  lived  at  various 
places,  preaching  the  gospel  and  working  untiringly  for  the  moral  uplift  and 
progress  of  the  community.  He  devoted  thirty-one  years  of  his  life  to  Christian 
preaching  and  service  and  then  was  superannuated  in  1883. 

The  year  1891  witnessed  the  arrival  of  Mr.  Pearson  in  British  Columbia, 
at  which  time  he  took  up  his  abode  in  New  Westminster.  He  had  been  married 
on  the  1 7th  of  June,  1856,  to  Miss  Isabella  Robson,  a  daughter  of  John  and 
Euphemia  Robson,  the  former  a  farmer  and  mill  owner  and  the  first  jailer 
at  Sarnia,  Ontario.  She  is  also  a  sister  of  the  Rev.  Ebenezer  Robson,  a  pioneer 
Methodist  minister  of  British  Columbia,  and  also  of  David  and  John  Robson, 
who  likewise  took  an  important  part  in  the  development  of  the  far  west.  Mr. 


REV.  THOMAS  D.  PEARSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  125 

and  Mrs.  Pearson  became  the  parents  of  two  sons  and  three  daughters.  One 
son,  Thomas  R.  Pearson,  manager  of  the  Dominion  Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  of 
New  Westminster,  has  been  choir  leader  of  the  Methodist  church  for  thirty 
years,  and  is  one  of  the  best  known  laymen  in  British  Columbia.  A  daughter, 
Euphemia  Isabella,  is  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  D.  R.  McKenzie,  of  Japan.  The 
others  are :  Mrs.  Harvey  Johnson,  of  New  Westminster ;  Sadie  Amelia,  the 
wife  of  George  H.  Grant,  of  Vancouver,  and  Frank  Raymond,  of  New  West- 
minster. 

While  conditions  forced  Mr.  Pearson's  retirement  from  the  active  work  of 
the  ministry,  he  never  ceased  to  feel  deeply  interested  in  the  work  of  the 
church  and  cooperated  therein  as  his  health  would  permit.  He  was  a  well 
known  figure  at  conference  gatherings,  although  he  took  little  active  part  in  the 
proceedings.  He  was  an  interested  observer  of  all  good  works  and  had  a  high 
sense  of  the  sacredness  of  the  office  of  the  minister.  He  never  failed  to  attend 
church  services  if  it  were  possible  to  do  so,  and  he  was  much  loved  and  honored 
among  the  membership  at  Queen's  Avenue  church  in  New  Westminster,  his 
example  serving  as  a  source  of  encouragement  and  inspiration  to  others.  He 
was,  moreover,  always  a  most  sympathetic  listener  and  was  among  the  first  to 
extend  a  helping  hand  to  his  pastor  or  to  anyone  who  was  seeking  to  climb 
the  upward  path.  In  1902,  on  the  occasion  of  his  jubilee  as  a  Methodist  preacher, 
the  British  Columbia  conference  passed  a  suitable  resolution  recognizing  his 
worth  and  work  and  requesting  him  to  preach  a  sermon,  but  he  was  unable  to 
do  so.  The  venerable  figure  of  the  Rev.  Pearson  was  well  known  on  the 
streets  of  New  Westminster,  where  he  lived  for  twenty  years,  passing  away  on 
the  I3th  of  September,  1911.  His  last  illness  was  only  of  two  days'  duration 
and  then  the  end  came.  He  left  to  his  family  the  priceless  heritage  of  a  noble 
name  and  the  memory  of  a  life  fraught  with  good  deeds  and  actuated  by  high 
purposes.  His  words  of  wisdom  sank  deep  into  many  hearts  and  his  counsel 
was  often  sought  by  young  and  old,  rich  and  poor. 


JOSEPH  EDWARD  BIRD. 

Prominent  in  the  legal  profession  of  Vancouver  stands  the  firm  of  MacNeill, 
Bird,  MacDonald  &  Darling,  general  practitioners  whose  ability  is  attested  by  the 
extensive  clientage  accorded  them.  The  second  member  of  the  firm,  Joseph 
Edward  Bird,  was  born  July  16,  1868,  at  Barrie.  Ontario,  a  son  of  Henry  and 
Elizabeth  Bird.  The  father  was  a  prominent  and  influential  citizen  of  his 
locality,  serving  for  forty  years  as  clerk  and  treasurer  of  the  municipality  of 
Barrie. 

Liberal  educational  opportunities  were  accorded  the  son,  who  attended  the 
Barrie  Collegiate  Institute  and  also  the  Toronto  University  at  Toronto.  His 
choice  of  a  profession  falling  upon  the  law,  he  was  articled  in  Barrie,  Ontario, 
to  H.  H.  Strathy,  K.  C,  and  after  thorough  preparatory  reading  was  called  to  the 
Ontario  bar  in  1893.  The  same  year  he  commenced  practice  in  Toronto  asso- 
ciated with  Edgar  &  Malone  and  later,  in  1896,  they  opened  a  branch  office  at 
Rat  Portage,  Ontario.  Mr.  Bird  continued  a  practitioner  in  the  east  until  1902, 
when  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  entered  upon  the  active  work  of  his  profession 
in  this  city  as  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  Bird,  Brydon  Jack  &  McCrossan.  That 
connection  was  continued  until  1907,  when  the  partnership  was  dissolved,  after 
which  Mr.  Bird  practiced  until  1912  as  junior  partner  in  the  firm  of  MacNeill 
&  Bird.  In  the  latter  year  they  were  joined  by  two  others  under  the  firm  style  of 
MacNeill,  Bird,  MacDonald  &  Darling.  They  continue  in  general  practice  but 
have  considerable  railway  work,  being  solicitors  for  the  Great  Northern  Railway 
Company.  They  are  also  legal  representatives  of  the  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia  and 
Bank  of  Toronto.  Their  practice  is  today  extensive  and  of  an  important  char- 
acter. Aside  from  his  practice  Mr.  Bird  has  business  interests,  being  a  director 


126  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  the  Coast  Quarries,  Ltd.,  the  British  Columbia  Dental  Supply  Company,  Ltd., 
and  the  Alberta  Lumber  Company,  Ltd. 

In  political  belief  Mr.  Bird  tends  to  the  socialistic  party,  and  in  1908  was 
elected  alderman  of  Vancouver,  in  which  connection  he  exercises  his  official 
prerogatives  in  support  of  various  beneficial  public  measures.  He  holds  member- 
ship in  the  Terminal  City  Club  and  belongs  also  to  the  Masonic  fraternity  of  Van- 
couver. 

On  the  ist  of  July,  1899,  in  Kenora,  Ontario,  Mr.  Bird  was  married  to  Miss 
Caroline  Mary  Irwin,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Elizabeth  (Boyd)  Irwin,  the 
former  a  lumberman  of  Peterboro,  Ontario.  The  two  children  of  this  marriage 
are  Henry  and  Edward  Bird.  In  the  decade  or  more  of  his  residence  in  Van- 
couver, Mr.  Bird  has  become  widely  and  favorably  known,  not  only  professionally 
but  in  other  connections,  and  as  a  man  and  citizen  ranks  high,  while  as  a  bar- 
rister his  position  is  among  the  foremost. 


DAVID  S.  CURTIS. 

David  S.  Curtis,  one  of  the  foremost  and  most  influential  citizens  of  New 
Westminster,  has  been  continuously  and  successfully  engaged  in  business  as  a 
druggist  of  the  city  for  more  than  three  decades  and  is  today  the  proprietor  of 
the  oldest  drug  store  on  the  mainland  in  British  Columbia.  His  birth  occurred 
in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  on  the  ist  of  January,  1856,  his  parents  being  Samuel  and 
Jane  (Goodhue)  Curtis,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  England,  the  former 
born  in  Devonshire  and  the  latter  in  Kent.  They  were  married  in  that  country 
and  came  to  Canada  about  1848,  locating  in  the  county  of  Elgin.  Samuel  Curtis 
was  engaged  in  business  as  a  merchant  of  St.  Thomas  and  passed  away  in  the 
county  of  Elgin  about  1863,  having  resided  there  continuously  since  coming 
from  England  with  the  exception  of  a  brief  period  spent  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
His  widow,  who  came  to  British  Columbia  in  1873,  married  a  second  time,  be- 
coming the  wife  of  Dr.  L.  R.  Mclnnis.  Her  demise  occurred  in  the  spring 
of  1901. 

David  S.  Curtis  was  reared  under  the  parental  roof,  acquiring  his  education 
in  the  public  schools  of  Ontario.  Subsequently  he  became  connected  with  the 
drug  business  in  Dresden,  Ontario.  In  1874  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  lo- 
cating in  New  Westminster,  and  entered  the  service  of  James  Cunningham,  a 
general  merchant.  At  the  end  of  three  years  in  that  gentleman's  employ  he 
took  up  the  study  of  medicine  with  his  stepfather,  who  was  at  that  time  medical 
officer  for  the  Vancouver  Coal  Company  and  stationed  at  Nanaimo.  At  the 
end  of  a  year,  however,  he  abandoned  his  reading  and  returned  to  the  employ 
of  James  Cunningham,  with  whom  he  remained  until  1882.  In  that  year,  in 
association  with  Dr.  Sibree  Clarke,  he  established  himself  in  the  drug  business 
under  the  firm  name  of  D.  S.  Curtis  &  Company,  the  partnership  existing  for 
two  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  Dr.  Clarke  removed  to  Kamloops 
and  Mr.  Curtis  became  sole  proprietor  of  the  establishment,  which  he  has  con- 
ducted independently  to  the  present  time.  It  is  today  the  oldest  drug  store  on 
the  mainland  in  British  Columbia,  and  as  its  owner  Mr.  Curtis  has  won  a 
gratifying  and  well  merited  measure  of  prosperity.  His  splendid  executive 
ability  and  sound  business  judgment  have  been  recognized  to  such  an  extent 
that  his  aid  and  cooperation  have  been  sought  in  the  control  and  management 
of  various  other  interests.  He  is  the  president  of  the  Surrey  Nurseries,  a 
shareholder  in  the  Western  Paper  Mills,  is  a  stockholder  in  the  Pacific  Coast 
Fire  Insurance  Company,  and  acts  as  chairman  of  the  board  of  managers  of 
Columbia  College  and  a  governor  of  Ryerson  College  of  Vancouver.  On  the 
Board  of  Trade  he  has  been  a  prominent  figure,  now  serving  as  chairman  of  its 
imperial  home  reunion  committee,  chairman  of  its  market  and  produce  com- 
mittee, chairman  of  its  legislative  committee  and  as  a  member  of  its  council. 


DAVID   S.   Cl'KTIS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  129 

He  has  likewise  held  the  important  offices  of  president  and  secretary-treasurer 
of  the  Board  of  Trade,  president  of  the  British  Columbia  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation, president  of  the  Retail  Merchants'  Association  and  president  of  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association.  He  is  a  director  of  the  Tranquille  Sana- 
torium for  Consumptives  and  of  the  Royal  Agricultural  &  Industrial  Society. 

In  1886  Mr.  Curtis  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Harriet  Cunningham,  her 
father  being  John  Cunningham,  a  prominent  contractor  of  Kingston,  Ontario. 
Unto  them  have  been  born  six  children,  three  sons  and  three  daughters,  as 
follows:  Alice  Muriel,  who  is  the  wife  of  Dr.  J.  G.  Davidson,  of  Vancouver; 
Arthur  G.,  who  is  engaged  in  the  lumber  business  in  the  state  of  Washington; 
Leslie  W.,  who  is  engaged  in  the  hardware  business  at  New  Westminster; 
Edith  M.,  at  home;  Florence  G.,  a  student  in  the  Columbian  College,  and 
George  E.,  who  attends  the  Westminster  high  school. 

In  political  circles  and  public  life  Mr.  Curtis  is  also  well  known  and  active. 
He  did  able  work  as  a  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen  for  ten  years  and 
then,  in  1893,  was  chosen  mayor,  giving  his  city  a  progressive  and  businesslike 
administration.  He  has  likewise  served  in  the  capacity  of  school  trustee  and  the 
cause  of  education  has  ever  found  in  him  a  stanch  friend.  He  was  formerly 
president  of  the  New  Westminster  District  and  the  New  Westminster  City 
Conservative  Association  and  is  ex-vice  president  of  the  Provincial  Conservative 
Association.  Every  movement  for  the  development  and  advancement  of  the 
city  receives  his  active  support  and  cooperation,  and  his  public-spirited  citizen- 
ship has  often  been  manifested  when  he  has  sacrificed  his  own  interests  in 
order  to  aid  and  encourage  projects  instituted  for  the  general  welfare.  He  is 
the  secretary,  treasurer  and  trustee  of  the  Methodist  church  at  New  Westminster, 
holds  the  office  of  vice  president  of  the  British  Columbia  branch  of  the  Canadian 
Bible  Society  and  acts  as  president  of  the  local  branch  of  the  Canadian  Bible 
Society.  Fraternally  he  is  identified  with  Royal  City  Lodge,  No.  3,  I.  O.  O.  F., 
and  the  Woodmen  of  the  World,  being  consul  commander  of  the  latter  order. 
He  likewise  belongs  to  the  Royal  Templars.  Mr.  Curtis  is  always  courteous, 
kindly  and  affable  and  those  who  know  him  personally  have  for  him  warm 
regard.  In  his  life  are  the  elements  of  greatness  because  of  the  use  he  has 
made  of  his  talents  and  his  opportunities,  because  his  thoughts  are  not  self- 
centered,  but  are  given  to  the  mastery  of  life  problems  and  the  fulfillment  of 
his  duty  as  a  man  in  his  relations  to  his  fellowmen  and  as  a  citizen  in  his  rela- 
tions to  his  city,  province  and  country. 


WILLIAM  ERNEST  BURNS. 

William  Ernest  Burns,  barrister,  was  born  in  Milton,  Ontario,  June  19,  1873, 
a  son  of  Nelson  and  Eleanor  (Tyler)  Burns,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of 
Ontario.  The  father  was  a  Methodist  minister  but  is  now  deceased. 

William  E.  Burns  attended  the  Jarvis  Street  College  of  Toronto  and  the 
Toronto  University,  from  which  he  was  graduated  with  the  Bachelor  of  Arts 
degree  in  1895.  He  afterward  spent  two  years  in  journalism  in  connection  with 
Toronto  papers  and  then  took  up  the  study  of  law  at  Osgoode  Hall,  Toronto. 
He  was  called  to  the  bar  of  Ontario  in  1900  and  in  the  same  year  came  to  Van- 
couver as  resident  attorney  for  the  Vananda  Mining  Company.  He  soon  after- 
ward entered  upon  general  practice  in  which  he  still  continues.  In  1902  Mr. 
Burns  admitted  Harold  M.  Daly,  a  son  of  the  late  Hon.  T.  Mayne  Daly,  to  a 
partnership,  this  connection  continuing  until  1905,  when  Mr.  Daly  withdrew  to 
enter  financial  circles.  He  was  succeeded  by  'Knox  Walkem  and  they  are  now 
practicing  under  the  firm  style  of  Burns  &  Walkem.  While  they  engaged  in 
general  practice  they  have  much  mining  litigation  and  Mr.  Burns  is  counsel  for 
a  number  of  mining  corporations.  He  has  for  several  years  been  solicitor  for 

the  district  of  North  Vancouver.     He  is  commissioner,  by  royal  appointment,  to 
voi.  m—  5 


130  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

inspect  and  report  on  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  coal  industry  in  the  "province 
of  British  Columbia  and  is  counsel  for  the  Burrard  Inlet  Tunnel  &  Bridge  Com- 
pany and  other  corporations. 

In  Peterboro,  Ontario,  on  the  2d  of  June,  1903,  Mr.  Burns  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Catherine  M.  Hall,  a  daughter  of  Adam  Hall,  a  prominent 
resident  of  that  city  and  head  of  the  Hall  Foundry  Company.  The  two  children 
of  this  marriage  are  Elizabeth  Tyler  and  William  Ernest.  Mr.  Burns  is  a 
conservative  in  politics  and  is  a  member  of  the  board  of  police  commissioners 
for  the  city  of  Vancouver.  He  belongs  to  the  Jericho  Country  Club,  Shaughnessy 
Heights  Golf  Club  and  Victoria  Golf  and  Country  Clubs,  associations  which 
indicate  something  of  his  personal  as  well  as  professional  prominence. 


JAMES  ROGERS  GILLEY. 

For  many  years  connected  with  the  firm  of  Gilley  Brothers  of  New  West- 
minster, James  Rogers  Gilley  occupied  an  important  position  in  the  commercial 
life  of  his  community,  being  highly  regarded  by  all  who  knew  him  for  his 
straightforward  business  methods  and  his  honorable  dealings.  His  death,  on 
August  n,  1906,  removed  from  the  city's  activities  one  of  its  foremost  citizens 
and  a  man  who  even  in  a  short  span  of  life  had  done  much  to  promote  the 
general  welfare. 

James  R.  Gilley  was  born  in  St.  Andrews,  New  Brunswick,  June  12,  1863,  a 
son  of  Walter  and  Sarah  (Rogers)  Gilley.  There  he  was  reared  and  educated 
but  in  1886,  when  twenty-three  years  of  age,  came  to  British  Columbia  to  join 
his  brothers,  Walter  R.  and  H.  Gilley,  who  had  located  here  a  few  years  previously. 
After  his  arrival  here  he  engaged  in  the  teaming  and  livery  business  in  company 
with  his  brother  Walter  at  Port  Haney  for  a  year.  In  1887  they  removed  to  New 
Westminster,  establishing  themselves  in  the  same  line,  and  here  the  three  brothers 
were  associated  in  business  for  about  five  years,  at  the  end  of  which  period  the 
livery  stable  was  disposed  of,  all  their  attention  being  given  to  their  teaming. 
Gradually  the  present  extensive  business  of  Gilley  Brothers  developed  and  new 
lines  were  taken  up,  including  handling  of  building  materials,  coal,  crushed  rock 
and  sewer  pipe,  they  also  becoming  in  time  owners  of  extensive  quarries.  The 
firm  gradually  built  up  a  business  which  was  second  to  few,  if  any,  in  their 
line  in  the  province.  , 

In  1890  James  R.  Gilley  returned  to  New  Brunswick  for  his  bride  and  on 
the  2  ist  of  October  of  that  year  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Sarah  Adelma 
Dean,  a  daughter  of  Rufus  P.  and  Mary  (Smith)  Dean,  of  St.  David,  New 
Brunswick.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gilley  became  the  parents  of  eight  children:  Reita 
Sarah;  Edgar  Roland  and  James  Royden,  twins;  Rufus  Walter;  Marjorie 
Evelyn ;  Beatrice  Adelma ;  Verna  Muriel ;  and  Jean  Rogers  Dean. 

Mr.  Gilley  always  took  an  active  interest  in  fraternal  affairs  and  was  a  well 
known  member  of  Union  Lodge,  No.  9,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  Beside  his  connection 
with  the  firm  of  Gilley  Brothers  he  was  interested  in  other  commercial  enterprises, 
having  made  judicious  investments  as  prosperity  came  to  him.  He  stood  ever 
ready  to  give  his  support  to  any  worthy  movement  that  he  considered  would 
benefit  his  adopted  city  and  gave  an  example  of  public-spirited  citizenship  well 
worthy  of  emulation.  Strictly  temperate  in  his  habits,  he  was  upright  and 
honorable  in  all  his  dealings  and  although  entitled  to  prominence  and  recognition, 
was  modest  and  unassuming  in  his  demeanor.  Frank,  open-hearted  and  genial, 
he  was  easily  approachable  and  personally  popular,  his  generous  nature  making 
him  a  favorite  among  all  who  knew  him.  He  was  always  willing  to  give  his 
share  of  time  and  money  to  any  measure  that  had  for  its  object  the  good  of  the 
community,  never  taking  into  consideration  if  such  measures  would  benefit  him 
financially  or  not.  Naturally  his  death  therefore  was  a  heavy  loss  to  the  city 
of  New  Westminster,  where  he  died  August  n,  1906,  the  news  of  his  demise 


JAMES  K.  G1LLEY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  133 

bringing  sorrow  to  many  a  home.  Mrs.  Gilley,  who  survives,  makes  her  home 
in  the  beautiful  residence  which  he  erected  on  Eighth  street  shortly  prior  to  his 
death.  She  is  a  woman  of  many  charming  qualities  and  is  rarely  accomplished 
and  is  socially  popular  among  the  best  people  of  New  Westminster. 


JAMES  BUCKHAM  KENNEDY. 

The  history  of  any  community  resolves  itself  into  the  history  of  the  lives 
of  the  men  whose  activities  have  been  responsible  for  its  upbuilding,  and  in  the 
history  of  the  province  of  British  Columbia  this  fact  is  doubly  true.  Her 
remarkable  growth  of  more  recent  years  is  largely  due  to  the  lumber  industry, 
and  no  history  of  the  province  would  be  complete  without  prominent  mention  of 
those  men,  whose  careers  are  inseparably  a  part  of  the  history  of  that  industry. 
Such  a  man  is  James  Buckham  Kennedy,  who  came  to  British  Columbia  in 

1877,  and  who,   immediately  upon  his  arrival   in   Granville,   now   the  city   of 
Vancouver,  became  connected  with  the  lumber  industry  in  this  province  and 
continued  to  be  identified  with  that  industry  for  more  than  thirty  years. 

James  Buckham  Kennedy  was  born  in  Bytown,  now  the  city  of  Ottawa, 
Ontario,  on  the  23d  of  February,  1844,  the  son  of  Donald  and  Janet  (Buckham) 
Kennedy,  the  former  of  whom  was  a  native  of  the  highlands  of  Scotland,  having 
first  seen  the  light  of  day  in  Perthshire,  while  the  latter  was  born  in  Dunblane, 
also  in  Perthshire,  but  in  the  lowlands  of  the  heather.  They  both  came  to 
Canada  with  their  parents,  as  young  man  and  young  woman,  the  latter  making 
the  voyage  on  a  sailing  ship,  which  was  fourteen  weeks  on  the  sea.  Their  parents 
settled  in  Ontario  in  the  vicinity  of  Ottawa,  where  the  young  people  were  reared 
and  where  they  later  married.  Donald  Kennedy,  on  attaining  man's  estate,  found 
employment  in  the  timber  camps  of  the  province,  but  later  took  up  surveying, 
which  he  followed  for  a  number  of  years,  during  which  he  laid  out  the  original 
plan  of  part  of  the  city  of  Ottawa.  He  later  engaged  in  the  contracting  and 
building  business  there  and  constructed  many  of  the  then  important  buildings  of 
the  city.  In  1855  he  retired  from  active  business  life  and  located  on  a  farm 
three  miles  outside  of  the  city  and  adjoining  the  present  government  experimental 
station,  where  he  resided  until  his  death  in  1887,  at  the  age  of  eighty-six  years. 
His  wife  died  in  1856  at  the  age  of  fifty  years. 

James  Buckham  Kennedy  attended  the  public  schools  of  Ottawa  until  he  had 
attained  the  age  of  eleven  years,  when  he  removed  to  the  farm  with  his  father, 
after  which  he  assisted  in  the  farm  work  until  the  spring  of  1868,  when  he  went 
into  Ottawa  and  secured  employment  in  the  lumberyards  of  A.  H.  Baldwin,  thus 
beginning  his  career  in  the  industry  to  which  he  has  devoted  his  active  business 
life.  Beginning  in  the  most  humble  position,  that  of  shoveling  bark,  by  industry 
and  perseverance  he  worked  his  way  up  through  the  various  positions,  and  at  the 
end  of  three  years  became  foreman  of  the  yards,  with  which  was  combined 
the  position  of  shipping  clerk,  entailing  the  full  management  of  the  yards.  He 
continued  in  this  capacity  until  the  spring  of  1877  when,  imbued  with  the  spirit 
of  the  west  and  believing  that  the  new  country  on  the  shores  of  the  Pacific  offered 
better  opportunities  to  the  young  man  of  spirit  and  determination,  he  came  to 
British  Columbia  and  found  employment  in  the  old  Hasting's  Mills  in  the  village 
of  Granville,  which,  in  1886,  became  the  city  of  Vancouver.  He  remained  there 
but  three  and  one-half  months  when  he  removed  to  New  Westminster,  where 
he  has  continued  to  reside  to  the  present  time.  On  his  arrival  here  he  entered, 
in  association  with  a  chum  who  had  come  to  British  Columbia  with  him,  into  a 
contract  with  W.  J.  Armstrong,  who  owned  a  small  sawmill,  to  run  the  mill  and 
planer  at  a  stated  sum  per  thousand  feet,  and  was  so  employed  until  August, 

1878,  when  he  went  to  Yale  and,  purchasing  a  horse  and  saddle,  rode  into  the 
interior  through  the  virgin  wilderness,  spending  some  seven  or  eight  weeks  on  the 
trip.     He  then  returned  to  New  Westminster  and  entered  the  employ  of  the 


134  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

De  Beck  Brothers  in  what  is  now  the  Brunette  Saw  Mills,  in  which  he  operated 
a  planer.  In  1880  he  purchased  the  interest  of  G.  Ward  De  Beck  in  the  mills,  and 
from  that  time  forward  was  a  dominant  factor  in  their  management.  He  was 
one  of  the  active  spirits  in  the  incorporation  of  the  mills  in  1884  as  the  Brunette 
Saw  Mill  Company,  Limited,  and  was  president  of  the  corporation  for  several 
years,  being  connected  with  the  company  until  the  year  1910,  when  he  sold  his 
interests  and  has  since  lived  retired  from  active  business,  enjoying  the  well  earned 
fruits  of  his  labor.  During  the  thirty  years  of  his  association  with  the  Brunette 
Saw  Mill  Company,  Limited,  and  its  predecessor,  the  Brunette  Saw  Mills,  Mr. 
Kennedy  was  a  prime  factor  in  building  up  the  mills  to  their  present  size  and 
prosperous  condition,  these  mills  today  being  conceded  to  be  the  best  paying  mills, 
in  ratio  to  the  capital  invested,  in  the  province  of  British  Columbia. 

Though  retired  from  the  active  pursuit  of  business  Mr.  Kennedy  has  made 
judicious  investment  of  his  competency,  and  is  identified  with  a  number  of  finan- 
cial and  business  institutions,  being  a  shareholder  of  the  Westminster  Trust  Com- 
pany and  of  the  British  Columbia  Brass  Company,  Limited,  of  New  Westminster. 

On  the  3Oth  day  of  November,  1880,  Mr.  Kennedy  married  Miss  Josephine 
Eugenie  De  Beck  of  New  Westminster,  a  sister  of  Captain  C.  H.  De  Beck, 
extended  mention  of  whom  will  be  found  on  other  pages  of  this  work.  To 
them  was  born  one  son,  Clarence  George  Kennedy,  who  died  at  Vernon,  British 
Columbia,  at  the  age  of  twenty-six  years.  Mrs.  Kennedy  was  called  to  her 
Maker  in  1882,  and  in  June,  1890,  Mr.  Kennedy  was  again  wedded,  leading  to 
the  altar  Mrs.  Mary  A.  (Smith)  Lloyd,  the  widow  of  Dr.  D.  Lloyd,  and  a  native 
of  Ontario. 

Mr.  Kennedy  has  been  a  citizen  of  New  Westminster  and  of  the  province  of 
British  Columbia  in  every  sense  that  the  word  "citizen"  implies.  He  has  always 
been  active  in  the  support  of  measures  pertaining  to  municipal  welfare,  and 
believing  that  it  is  the  duty  of  a  true  citizen  to  give  a  measure  of  his  time  and 
energy  to  the  duties  of  government,  has  done  valuable  service  for  his  city  in 
various  capacities,  including  two  years  as  a  member  of  the  city  council  and  several 
years  as  a  member  of  the  school  board,  and  has  in  many  other  ways  given 
tangible  evidence  of  his  worth  as  a  citizen.  In  1904  he  was  appointed  a  member 
of  the  board  of  pilot  commissioners  for  the  pilotage  district  of  New  Westminster 
and  has  been  continuously  a  member  of  the  board  to  the  present  time.  He  is  a 
liberal  in  politics  and  has  been  an  important  factor  in  the  party  and  a  tireless 
worker  for  its  interests.  In  1894  he  was  returned  to  the  provincial  parliament 
and  represented  New  Westminster  in  the  legislative  assembly  for  four  years.  In 
1904  higher  political  honors  were  accorded  him  and  he  was  returned  to  the 
Dominion  parliament,  and  until  1908  represented  the  New  Westminster  district 
in  that  body.  It  is  worthy  of  record,  as  a  source  of  inspiration  to  others,  to 
state  that  Mr.  Kennedy,  while  sitting  in  parliament,  was  accorded  the  pleasure  of 
telling  his  colleagues  that  he  had  worked  as  a  common  laborer  on  the  parliament 
buildings  in  which  he  was  then  sitting  as  a  member. 

Not  only  has  Mr.  Kennedy  occupied  an  important  place  in  the  business  and 
political  life  of  his  city,  but  he  has,  as  well,  borne  his  part  in  the  social  and  moral 
uplift  of  the  community.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Royal  Templars  and  the  dean  of 
Pythianism  in  New  Westminster  as  a  member  of  Royal  Lodge,  No.  6,  Knights  of 
Pythias,  of  New  Westminster.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association,  while  Mrs.  Kennedy  is  a  member  of  the  Young  Women's  Christian 
Association.  They  both  hold  membership  in  the  Knox  Presbyterian  church  of 
Sapperton,  in  which  Mr.  Kennedy  is  an  elder  and  to  which  they  are  both  liberal 
contributors  to  the  various  charitable  and  other  funds,  and  in  the  general  welfare 
of  which  they  are  earnest  workers. 

Coming  to  the  great  west  in  the  first  blush  of  his  manhood  he  has  remained 
for  nearly  forty  years  an  essential  factor  in  its  development  along  business, 
political,  intellectual  and  moral  lines.  Choosing  as  his  place  of  residence  a  land 
where  history  is  making,  a  country  whose  natural  resources  have  not  yet  been 
developed  to  a  tenth  part  of  their  full  extent,  he  has  taken  a  part  in  shaping 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  135 

the  destiny  of  the  city  with  which  he  became  identified  and,  as  the  years  have 
passed,  has  reached  a  place  of  eminence  in  all  walks  of  life.  While  his  activities 
have  been  largely  concentrated  upon  his  business  enterprises,  his  influence  has 
ever  been  a  steady,  moving  force  for  those  interests  which  are  vital  to  the  best 
development  of  the  individual  and  the  country  at  large.  No  man  in  New  West- 
minster is  more  highly  respected  or  better  deserves  the  honor  and  esteem  in 
which  he  is  held  by  his  fellowmen  than  James  Buckham  Kennedy. 


JOHN  REID. 

John  Reid,  proprietor  of  the  Westminster  Iron  Works  and  one  of  the  substan- 
tial and  influential  citizens  of  New  Westminster,  has  for  forty  years  been  a 
resident  of  Canada  and  for  thirty-six  years  of  British  Columbia.  He  was  born 
at  Carrickfergus,  County  Antrim,  Ireland,  March  28,  1852,  and  is  a  son  of 
Ezekial  and  Mary  (Neason)  Reid,  who  were  also  natives  of  County  Antrim, 
Ireland,  where  their  entire  lives  were  spent,  the  father  passing  away  at  the  age  of 
eighty-two  years  and  the  mother  when  seventy-six  years  of  age. 

John  Reid  was  reared  upon  the  home  farm  and  had  but  limited  educational 
opportunities  for,  being  the  eldest  of  the  children,  his  services  were  needed  in 
the  fields,  leaving  him  little  time  to  attend  school.  He  remained  under  the 
parental  roof  until  he  had  attained  his  majority  and  in  1873  he  came  to  Canada 
to  start  upon  an  independent  business  career.  Settling  in  Ottawa  he  there 
apprenticed  himself  to  the  blacksmith's  trade  and  was  employed  in  the  building 
of  the  machinery  house  of  the  Ottawa  Waterworks  and  on  the  building  of  the 
Kenzie  block  of  the  parliament  building.  He  completed  his  apprenticeship  at 
blacksmithing  in  that  connection  and  on  the  6th  of  May,  1877,  arrived  in  Victoria, 
British  Columbia,  in  order  to  profit  by  and  share  in  the  opportunities  furnished 
in  the  far  west.  A  few  weeks  later  he  came  to  New  Westminster  and  on  the 
6th  of  June  he  began  work  at  his  trade  in  the  shop  of  W.  R.  Lewis.  He  was 
employed  for  two  years  by  Mr.  Lewis  as  a  journeyman  and  then  recognition  of 
his  ability  won  him  the  position  of  foreman,  in  which  capacity  he  served  for 
seven  years.  In  1886  he  purchased  the  business  from  his  employer  and  entered 
into  a  partnership  with  William  Currie,  conducting  an  enterprise  under  the  name 
of  the  Reid  &  Currie  Iron  Works.  This  partnership  continued  until  August, 
1893,  when  the  widespread  financial  panic  of  that  year  caused  them  to  discon- 
tinue. The  following  year  Mr.  Reid  engaged  in  business  independently,  estab- 
lishing the  Westminster  Iron  Works.  At  that  time  he  was  not  only  without 
capital  but  was  in  debt  to  the  sum  of  several  thousand  dollars,  and  in  the  fire  of 
1898  his  establishment  was  destroyed  without  any  insurance  upon  it.  Even  this 
condition  did  not  discourage  him.  With  renewed  energy  he  set  to  wo'rk  to 
retrieve  his  lost  possessions  and  win  that  success  which  then  seemed  far  from 
his  grasp.  He  immediately  rebuilt  and  on  Tuesday  morning  following  the  fire 
had  two  forges  in  his  new  building  which  was  open  for  business.  He  was  the 
first  to  resume  operations  in  his  line  and  was  the  only  man  in  New  Westminster 
who  would  undertake  certain  kinds  of  work  such  as  steel  beams  and  other 
heavy  building  iron  work.  The  first  year  following  the  fire  was  a  very  successful 
one  for  him  and  from  that  start  he  developed  his  present  extensive  manufactur- 
ing business.  He  is  now  planning  the  erection  of  a  large  and  modern  plant  on 
Lulu  island  in  the  near  future.  The  output  of  the  Westminster  Iron  Works 
includes  all  kinds  of  machine  work  and  all  kinds  of  iron  work,  making  a  specialty 
of  ornamental  work  for  which  he  has  one  of  the  best  equipped  plants  in  the 
province.  Gradually  the  business  has  grown,  its  trade  increasing  year  by  year, 
and  today  his  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  prosperous  productive  industies  of 
the  city.  Mr.  Reid  is  also  the  president  of  the  British  Columbia  Brass  Com- 
pany at  Sapperton,  is  a  director  of  the  British  Pacific  Coal  Company,  on  Graham 
island,  which  has  from  eight  to  nine  thousand  acres  of  rich  coal  land,  and  valuable 


136  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

timber  and  good  farming  lands.  His  success  is  indicated  by  his  various  invest- 
ments, all  of  which  have  been  judiciously  placed.  He  resolved  at  the  outset  of 
his  career  that  he  would  win  success  if  industry  and  perseverance  could  accom- 
plish it  and  his  achievement  shows  that  this  can  be  done. 

In  1883  Mr.  Reid  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Jessie  Irving,  of  Hammond, 
British  Columbia,  a  daughter  of  Adam  Irving,  one  of  the  pioneer  farmers  of  this 
section.  They  have  become  parents  of  seven  children :  William  Irving,  who  is 
now  assistant  manager  of  his  father's  business ;  Mary  Elizabeth,  the  wife  of 
James  A.  Blair,  superintendent  of  the  ornamental  department  of  the  business; 
Genevieve  May,  at  home ;  Catherine,  assistant  bookkeeper  in  her  father's  office ; 
John,  a  machinist  in  his  father's  shop;  and  James  Sidney  and  Robert  Stanley, 
both  in  school. 

Mr.  Reid  belongs  to  Royal  Lodge,  K.  P.,  and  to  the  Woodmen  of  the  World. 
In  more  strictly  social  lines  he  is  connected  with  the  Burnaby  Country  Club  and 
the  Westminster  Progressive  Club.  He  served  for  some  years  in  the  city  council 
and  on  the  school  board  and  is  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade.  His  military 
record  is  that  of  a  member  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Fourth  Regiment  of  the 
Canada  Militia.  He  probably  is  the  oldest  service  man  in  British  Columbia, 
holding  the  long  service  medal,  having  for  thirty-five  years  been  an  active  member 
of  that  and  other  commands.  He  refused  a  commission  on  account  of  not  having 
time  to  devote  to  the  duties  connected  therewith,  but  is  now  serving  as  pay 
sergeant.  In  politics  he  is  a  liberal.  He  contributes  to  the  support  of  the  Meth- 
odist church,  of  which  his  wife  is  a  member.  Mr.  Reid  is  one  of  the  foremost 
business  men  and  public-spirited  citizens  of  New  Westminster,  being  numbered 
among  the  leaders  in  the  promotion  of  any  enterprise  and  project  looking  to  the 
welfare  of  his  home  city.  For  several  years  past  he  has  held  the  appbintment 
of  justice  of  the  peace.  What  he  has  undertaken  he  has  accomplished  and 
though  difficulties  and  obstacles  have  arisen,  he  has  overcome  these  and  today 
is  one  of  the  leading  residents  of  New  Westminster,  capably  controlling  exten- 
sive and  important  business  affairs.  He  deserves  much  credit  for  what  he  has 
done  and  his  record  should  serve  to  inspire  and  encourage  others,  showing  what 
can  be  accomplished  by  diligence  and  determination. 


ALFRED  WILLIAMS. 

Alfred  Williams,  one  of  the  foremost  consulting  engineers  of  the  Pacific 
coast  and  a  man  who  has  left  traces  of  his  work  in  various  parts  of  the  Dominion, 
is  considered  one  of  the  authorities  on  engineering  in  the  Dominion.  Of  late 
he  has  made  his  home  in  Vancouver,  where  he  has  been  connected  with  some 
of  the  most  important  building  projects  and  has  also  done  work  of  paramount 
importance  in  neighboring  cities.  His  wide  experience  in  all  kinds  of  munic- 
ipal and  private  work  and  railway  construction  has  prepared  him  especially  for 
investigating  work  and  for  acting  as  arbitrator  upon  important  cases,  and  he 
has  become  recognized  so  widely  that  his  opinions  and  reports  are  in  great  de- 
mand and  highly  valued,  his  whole  time  of  late  being  given  to  important  investi- 
gations which  often  involve  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars.  Mr.  Williams 
is  a  native  of  England,  being  born  in  Worcester  on  October  6,  1865,  and  is  a 
son  of  John  and  Sarah  Ann  (Dudley)  Williams,  both  natives  of  that  city.  The 
father  was  for  many  years  inspector  of  public  works  in  London  and  passed 
away  in  October,  1912.  The  mother  now  makes  her  home  in  Birmingham, 
England. 

Alfred-  Williams  was  reared  amid  the  refining  influences  of  a  well-to-do 
home  and  received  his  professional  education  at  the  Birmingham  School  of 
Arts  and  the  London  City  Guilds,  graduating  from  the  latter  in  1887  with  the 
degree  of  C.  E.  When  only  nineteen  years  of  age  he  was  already  supervising 
engineer  for  the  erection  of  the  municipal  buildings  and  the  Grand  Theatre  of 


ALFRED    WILLIAMS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  139 

Birmingham.  Upon  completing  his  course  he  became  an  assistant  engineer  fo* 
the  city  of  Manchester  and  the  borough  of  Sulford,  holding  this  office  for  sev- 
eral years.  He  was  chief  engineer  on  the  construction  of  the  Manchester  sewer 
system,  doing  important  and  original  work  along  that  line — a  system  which  is 
at  present  being  practically  duplicated  in  Vancouver.  He  then  engaged  with 
the  Lancastershire  &  Yorkshire  Railway  as  engineer  in  the  department  of 
bridges  and  stations  and  was  engaged  in  the  building  of  signal  cabins.  He  put 
in  the  entire  block  system  and  signal  service  on  that  road,  installing  signal  cabins 
with  as  many  as  three  hundred  levers.  In  June,  1903,  Mr.  Williams  came  to 
Toronto  and  engaged  in  private  practice  as  consulting  engineer,  at  that  time 
having  important  contracts  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  and  Montreal,  spending  seven 
years  in  the  east.  He  built  three  of  the  largest  exhibition  buildings  for  Toronto, 
the  nine-story  reinforced  concrete  Darling  building  of  that  city,  the  first  of 
this  kind  of  construction  to  be  built  in  Canada,  and  the  Bell  Telephone  building 
at  Toronto,  beside  many  other  important  public  and  municipal  structures  in 
Ontario.  He  was  also  retained  for  the  Canadian  H.  W.  Johns-Manville  Com- 
pany and  while  associated  with  this  concern  was  engineer  in  the  installation 
of  the  St.  Thomas  (Ont.)  municipal  heating  plant,  the  St.  Thomas  Packing 
Company's  cold  storage  plant,  the  William  Davis  Cold  Storage  Company's  plant, 
the  Toronto  University  heating  plant  and  the  heat  distributing  and  power  plant 
at  McGill  University,  Montreal.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Engineers  Club  of 
Toronto,  which  is  connected  with  the  faculty  of  the  university  of  that  city. 
He  has  since  written  and  read  many  articles  on  engineering  problems  for  the 
university  and  the  public. 

In  May,  1910,  Mr.  Williams  came  to  Vancouver,  his  first  work  being  the 
large  Metropolitan  building,  which  includes  the  beautiful  Terminal  City  Club. 
It  is  one  of  Vancouver's  largest  and  finest  office  buildings.  He  has  had  entire 
charge  of  the  construction  of  this  building  from  beginning  to  end,  and  since, 
has  erected  many  other  large  office  and  apartment  buildings  in  this  city.  He 
has  now  finished  projects  for  two  fine  ten-story  buildings  which  will  probably 
be  erected  within  the  coming  year  and  has  just  completed  the  Grauer  block  at 
Eburne,  which  is  the  largest  and  most  modern  building  in  that  town.  He  is 
the  owner  for  Canada  of  the  Jester  fireproof  partitions,  which  are  patented  and, 
being  only  two  inches  thick,  are  a  great  space  saver  while  strictly  fire  and  sound 
proof.  These  partitions  are  now  being  installed  in  the  new,  beautiful  apartment 
house,  Grace  Court,  at  the  corner  of  Comox  and  Cardero  streets,  and  several 
other  large  buildings  in  Vancouver.  For  the  past  year  Mr.  Williams'  whole 
efforts  have  been  given  to  his  consulting  practice  and  to  supervising,  investigat- 
ing and  arbitrations.  His  wide  experience  makes  him  an  authority  upon  all 
subjects  that  have  to  do  with  engineering  and  his  opinions  are  accepted  as  definite 
by  the  profession.  He  has  given  decisions  in  most  important  cases  where  large 
sums  of  money  have  been  involved,  and  his  opinions  have  always  satisfied  both 
contending  parties.  Moreover,  Mr.  Williams  is  president  of  the  Colonial  Sash 
&  Door  Company  at  Huntington,  British  Columbia,  a  young  and  growing  enter- 
prise. 

In  Manchester,  England,  on  March  29,  1885,  Mr.  Williams  was  married  to 
Miss  Elizabeth  Sanders,  a  daughter  of  William  Sanders,  a  prominent  stone 
contractor  of  Manchester.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Williams  are  the  parents  of  two 
children :  Annie,  the  wife  of  Shadrick  Jones,  of  Vancouver,  formerly  of  To- 
ronto; and  Alfred  Thomas  Pearson,  attending  Langara  private  school. 

In  his  political  affiliations  Mr.  Williams  is  a  conservative,  stanchly  uphold- 
ing the  principles  of  that  organization,  and  a  member  of  the  Conservative  Asso- 
ciation of  Vancouver.  As  member  of  the  Commercial  Club  of  this  city  he  often 
finds  occasion  to  break  a  lance  for  progressive  measures  that  will  open  new 
avenues  of  trade  for  the  city.  His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Church  of 
England.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Sons  of  England  Society  of  Vancouver,  a 
member  of  the  blue  lodge  of  Masons  and,  along  professional  lines,  of  the  En- 
gineers Club  of  Toronto.  He  has  made  most  valuable  contributions  to  the  up- 


140  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

building  of  Vancouver  and  the  surrounding  district  and  his  success  is  such 
that  his  methods  are  of  interest  to  the  profession.  An  analyzation  of  his  life 
record  shows  that  he  has  based  his  actions  upon  the  rules  which  govern  strict 
and  unswerving  integrity  and  unflagging  industry.  Besides  being  one  of  the 
foremost  engineers,  he  is  a  business  man  of  the  modern  type,  shrewd,  able, 
progressive  and  straightforward,  careful  of  his  own  interests,  considerate  of 
those  of  others  and  influenced  at  all  times  by  the  thought  of  the  broader  effect 
which  his  work  has  upon  the  growth  of  his  community.  Vancouver  has  im- 
measurably grown  under  his  stimulating  activities  and  as  his  valuable  work 
goes  on,  his  loyalty  and  love  for  his  adopted  city  grows  in  him,  bearing  rich 
fruit  in  realizing  valuable  public  projects. 


THOMAS  R.  PEARSON. 

From  the  time  when  New  Westminster  was  a  mere  village  the  well  directed 
activities  of  Thomas  R.  Pearson  have  been  factors  in  its  upbuilding,  and  his 
initiative  spirit,  his  energy  and  keen  business  discrimination  are  today  counted 
among  the  most  important  of  its  municipal  assets.  He  is  local  manager  for  the 
Dominion  Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  and  by  virtue  of  this  position  and  the  force 
of  his  ability  and  personality  a  power  in  financial  circles.  He  is,  moreover, 
keenly  interested  in  music,  in  literature  and  athletics,  interests  which  have 
developed  and  expanded  through  the  years,  making  him  today  a  broad  and 
liberally  cultured  man.  He  was  born  at  Oshawa,  Ontario,  on  the  2ist  of  May, 
1858,  and  is  a  son  of  Rev.  Thomas  D.  and  Isabella  Pearson,  the  former  a  Metho- 
dist minister  and  a  descendant  through  many  generations  of  a  line  of 
prominent  Methodist  clergymen.  The  maternal  branch  of  this  family  embraced 
some  very  prominent  representatives,  notably  Hon.  John  Robson,  at  one  time 
premier  of  British  Columbia ;  Rev.  Ebenezer  Robson,  a  pioneer  missionary,  and 
David  Robson,  editor  of  the  British  Columbian. 

Thomas  R.  Pearson  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
town  and  at  Ontario  College  in  Guelph,  from  which  he  was  graduated  at  the 
age  of  eighteen.  He  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  in  British  Columbia,  arriving 
in  the  province  in  1877  and  in  Victoria  in  the  5th  of  May  of  that  year.  He 
obtained  employment  first  in  the  paymaster's  office  of  the  Dominion  government 
survey  department  and  after  about  five  months'  service  assumed  the  position 
of  chief  accountant,  which  office  he  retained  until  the  department  was  abolished 
and  the  work  taken  over  by  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Company.  The  head 
office  of  the  department  was  removed  from  Victoria  to  New  Westminster  in 
August,  1879,  at  which  time  Mr.  Pearson  came  to  the  latter  city.  Almost  imme- 
diately after  severing  his  connection  with  the  Dominion  service  he  turned  his 
attention  to  mercantile  pursuits,  establishing  a  book  and  stationery  business, 
which  he  conducted  successfully  for  some  time,  later  disposing  of  his  interests 
in  order  to  enter  into  partnership  with  Charles  G.  Major.  Under  the  firm  name 
of  Major  &  Pearson  the  partners  opened  a  real-estate  business  and  gradually 
secured  a  large  and  representative  patronage,  handling  a  great  deal  of  valuable 
property  and  becoming  powerful  factors  in  business  circles.  Shortly  after  the 
Dominion  Trust  Company  was  formed  in  1906  the  real-estate  and  insurance 
department  of  Major  &  Pearson's  business  became  incorporated  with  it  and 
Mr.  Pearson  was  appointed  to  the  directorate  and  was  made  local  manager  of  the 
company's  affairs  at  New  Westminster.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  advisory 
board  of  the  same  corporation.  He  has  proved  able  and  efficient  in  the  con- 
duct of  the  important  affairs  under  his  charge  and  much  of  the  rapid  growth 
of  the  concern  in  this  city  is  due  to  his  resourceful  business  discrimination  and 
enterprising  spirit.  In  addition  to  his  connection  with  the  Dominion  Trust  Com- 
pany he  is  a  director  in  the  Pacific  Loan  Company ;  in  the  Royal  Agricultural 
and  Industrial  Society,  of  which  he  was  for  several  years  secretary ;  in  the  Pretty 


THOMAS   R.  PEARSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  143 

Timber  Exchange  and  the  Vancouver  Harbor  &  Dock  Company ;  and  is  presi- 
dent of  Pearson's  Ltd.  and  of  Western  Canada  City  Properties,  Ltd.  He  has 
invested  extensively  in  local  real  estate  and  has  also  a  three  hundred  and  thirty 
acre  farm  at  Port  Hammond,  whereon  he  raises  prize  stock  such  as  thorough- 
bred Holsteins,  Yorkshire  and  Shropshire  pigs,  and  fancy  poultry.  He  has 
exhibited  in  all  portions  of  the  province  and  has  taken  a  great  many  prizes.  All 
of  his  business  interests  are  carefully  and  conservatively  conducted  and  their 
extent  and  importance  place  him  among  the  leaders  in  business  circles  of  the 
city. 

Mr.  Pearson  married,  in  1887,  Miss  Edith  Eleanor  Major,  a  daughter  of 
Charles  George  and  Mary  E.  Major,  of  New  Westminster.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Pear- 
son have  three  children:  Thomas  Roy,  of  Los  Angeles,  California;  Charles 
Leslie,  who  lives  upon  a  farm  at  Port  Hammond ;  and  Jeoffrey  Carmen,  who 
is  attending  school.  The  family  occupy  an  attractive  and  comfortable  residence  at 
No.  715  Royal  avenue. 

Politically  Mr.  Pearson  gives  his  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  but  votes 
independently  when  he  feels  that  the  best  interests  of  the  community  demand 
such  action.  Although  not  an  office  seeker,  he  has  served  as  notary  public  and 
was  for  two  years  an  alderman,  discharging  his  official  duties  in  an  able  and  con- 
scientious way.  In  religion  he  is  a  devout  Methodist  and  has  always  been  active 
in  church  affairs,  holding  today  many  important  church  offices,  such  as  trustee 
and  leader  of  the  choir.  He  is  a  musician  of  considerable  ability  and  for  many  years 
has  been  well  known  in  musical  circles,  where  he  today  occupies  a  prominent  and 
honored  place.  For  the  past  thirty-three  years  he  has  been  leader  of  the  Metho- 
dist choir,  which  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  best  in  this  locality.  He  became 
identified  with  its  affairs  when  he  was  twenty  years  of  age  and  has  given  a  great 
deal  of  time  to  improving  its  work.  For  ten  years  he  was  also  secretary  of  the 
old  Choral  Union,  conducted  by  the  late  Rt.  Rev.  Bishop  Silitoe,  and  he  was  the 
first  honorary  president  of  the  choral  society  founded  by  Herbert  D.  Mackness. 
His  wife  also  possesses  great  musical  talent  and  for  twenty  years  was  organist 
of  the  Methodist  church  in  New  Westminster.  Mr.  Pearson  counts  his  labors 
in  raising  the  standards  of  musical  appreciation  in  this  vicinity  and  iji  the  pro- 
motion of  a  more  general  love  of  good  music  not  the  least  of  his  many  achieve- 
ments for  New  Westminster,  which  owes  to  him  a  great  deal  of  its  rapid  advance- 
ment along  many  lines. 


FREDERICK  GEORGE  TANNER  LUCAS. 

Frederick  George  Tanner  Lucas,  an  active  practitioner  at  the  Vancouver  bar, 
is  specializing  in  corporation  and  marine  law.  He  is  senior  partner  in  the  firm 
of  Lucas  &  Lucas,  which  during  the  six  years  of  its  existence  has  steadily  pro- 
gressed and  is  now  accorded  a  gratifying  and  distinctively  representative  clientage. 
F.  G.  T.  Lucas  was  born  in  Alvinston,  Ontario,  September  29,  1878,  a  son  of 
Alexander  and  Jane  Frances  Lucas,  both  of  whom  were  representatives  of 
pioneer  families  of  Lambton  county,  Ontario.  Following  his  removal  to  the 
west,  the  father  figured  prominently  in  the  public  life  of  Calgary,  serving  as  first 
mayor  of  the  city  and  the  first  president  of  its  Board  of  Trade. 

Frederick  G.  T.  Lucas  pursued  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  that 
city  until  he  had  mastered  the  branches  of  learning  therein  taught,  while  his  more 
specifically  literary  course  was  pursued  in  the  University  of  Toronto,  in  which 
he  won  the  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree  upon  graduation  with  the  class  of  1901.  The 
same  year  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  has  since  been  identified  with  the 
northwest.  He  was  articled  for  one  year  with  J.  A.  Harvey,  K.  C.,  at  Fort 
Steele,  and  in  1902  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  finished  his  articles  with  Harris 
&  I  lull  and  later  with  Joseph  Martin,  K.  C.,  of  Vancouver.  Having  been  called 
to  the  bar,  he  began  practice  in  1905,  remaining  alone  until  1907,  when  he  was 


144  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

joined  by  his  brother,  E.  A.  Lucas,  in  the  organization  of  the  firm  of  Lucas  & 
Lucas,  which  has  now  had  an  existence  of  six  years. 

F.  G.  T.  Lucas  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  is 
prominent  as  one  of  its  local  workers,  having  served  as  president  of  the  Young 
Conservative  Association  for  three  years.  He  belongs  to  North  Star  Lodge, 
F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Fort  Steele,  British  Columbia,  and  has  also  taken  the  degree  of 
capitular  Masonry  'in  the  Royal  Arch  Chapter.  He  belongs  to  the  Terminal 
City  Club,  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Club  and  the  Vancouver  Athletic  Club. 


JOHN  JAMES  JONES. 

A  power  in  financial  circles  as  managing  director  of  the  Westminster  Trust 
Company  and  a  man  who  stands  for  civic  righteousness  as  do  few  of  the 
most  public-spirited  citizens,  John  James  Jones  is  one  of  the  foremost  and 
most  useful  of  New  Westminster's  men.  The  more  credit  is  due  him  as  his 
success  has  been  achieved  unaided  and  entirely  by  his  own  efforts.  He  advanced 
from  a  humble  position  to  the  paramount  place  which  he  now  holds  among 
the  bankers  of  this  city.  He  is  a  native  of  north  Wales,  being  born  in  Carnar- 
vonshire, November  9,  1854,  and  a  son  of  John  and  Anna  (Ellis)  Jones, 
both  natives  of  the  same  part  of  the  rock-ribbed  principality  of  Britain's  west 
coast.  There  the  mother  passed  away,  having  spent  all  her  life  among  the 
story-haunted  hills  of  her  birthland,  but  the  father  still  lives,  enjoying  fair 
health  at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-eight  years  and  spends  the  evening  of  his 
existence  in  contemplation  and  retirement. 

John  James  Jones  was  reared  under  the  parental  roof  and  was  early  taught 
modesty,  industry  and  honesty  by  his  worthy  parents.  He  acquired  his  edu- 
cation in  the  schools  of  his  native  district  and  also  in  the  Liverpool  Institute, 
although  he  had  worked  in  the  slate  quarries  in  north  Wales  before  entering 
the  latter  institution.  After  completing  his  studies  he  was  offered  and  accepted 
the  position  of  assistant  manager  of  one  of  the  quarries,  in  which  capacity  he 
remained  for  about  five  years,  thriftily  providing  for  a  rainy  day  and  laying 
aside  his  earnings  in  order  to  embrace  opportunities  that  the  future  might 
offer.  During  these  years  Mr.  Jones  married  Miss  Ellen  Owen,  a  daughter 
of  Captain  Owen  of  Bangor,  north  Wales.  In  1881  he  undertook  the  most 
eventful  step  in  his  life  by  crossing  the  ocean  to  the  Dominion,  and  upon  his 
arrival  in  Canada  was  made  slate  inspector  at  New  Rockland,  Quebec.  There 
.he  subsequently  engaged  in  slate  roofing  and  contracting  until  in  1891  he 
followed  the  call  of  the  west  in  order  to  profit  by  the  opportunities  waiting 
the  courageous  and  enterprising.  Coming  to  British  Columbia,  he  located  in 
New  Westminster,  to  which  place  he  had  been  called  as  manager  of  the  slate 
quarries  at  Jarvis  Inlet,  and  remained  in  that  position  for  four  years  or  until 
the  time  of  the  financial  depression  which  affected  all  of  the  American  conti- 
nent. Operations  were  then  suspended  and  Mr.  Jones  was  made  by  the  courts 
liquidator  of  the  firm's  affairs,  whose  operations  he  had  largely  guided.  After 
the  closing  of  these  transactions  and  settlements  had  been  made  Mr.  Jones 
engaged  in  the  timber  business,  along  which  line  he  was  very  successful.  Five 
years  ago,  however,  he  disposed  of  his  important  lumber  holdings  and  has 
since  given  his  time  to  the  management  of  his  financial  and  property  interests, 
which  are  very  extensive.  In  1911  he  was  made  managing  director  of  the 
Westminster  Trust  Company,  in  which  capacity  he  is  now  serving.  Earnest, 
able,  conscientious,  shrewd  and  progressive,  he  has  done  much  toward  pro- 
moting and  extending  the  interests  of  this  financial  institution  whose  late 
growth  has  been  largely  due  to  his  able  direction.  His  long  and  extensive 
experience  along  various  lines  and  his  insight  into  human  nature  and  the 
springs  of  human  conduct  enable  him  to  judge  conditions  and  situations  correctly 
and  there  is  practically  no  error  which  could  be  laid  at  his  door  as  regards 


JOHN  J.  JONES 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  147 

the  administration  of  the  bank's  affairs.  Careful  and  conservative  in  directing 
the  investments  of  the  institution,  he  is  ever  watchful  of  the  interests  of  his 
depositors,  while  on  the  other  hand  he  shows  a  progressive  tendency  in  extending 
credit  to  new  worthy  industrial  enterprises  which  may  contribute  to  the  growth 
of  the  city.  There  is  no  detail  of  operation  in  his  business  which  he  does  not 
consider  worthy  of  his  attention  and  he  is  ever  ready  to  receive  suggestions 
from  even  the  humblest  of  his  employes,  while  his  office  is  as  accessible  to 
debtor  as  it  is  to  creditor. 

As  is  but  natural,  the  aid  and  assistance  of  Mr.  Jones  have  been  solicited 
along  other  lines  and  he  has  also  made  judicious  investments  in  such  directions, 
helping  along  new  industries  and  extending  public  facilities  to  new  or  strug- 
gling municipalities.  He  is  president  and  managing  director  of  the  Elk  Creek 
Water  Company  at  Chilliwack  and  holds  the  same  positions  in  regard  to  the 
Okanagan  Telephone  Company. 

The  home  life  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Jones  is  an  ideal  one  and  both  of  them  are 
ever  active  in  promoting  worthy  enterprises  which  will  be  of  permanent  value 
to  their  city.  Both  are  members  of  the  Church  of  England  and  for  the  past 
fourteen  years  Mr.  Jones  has  been  warden  of  the  cathedral  here.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Jones  have  five  children:  Mary  Elizabeth,  the  widow  of  the  late  W.  H. 
Edmonds,  formerly  registrar  of  Kamloops;  Elizabeth  Catherine,  at  home; 
Jane  Ann,  who  married  Sydney  C.  Burton,  manager  of  the  Kamloops  Trust 
Company  of  Kamloops ;  Hugh  L. ;  and  Frederick  Edwin,  who  in  connection 
with  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose  holds  the  position  of  secretary. 

As  member  of  the  Westminster  Club,  Mr.  Jones  finds  occasion  to  cooperate 
with  those  men  who  are  ever  considerate  of  the  future  of  the  city.  Progress 
is  his  watchword  and  he  does  apply  it  not  only  to  his  private  interests  but 
as  eagerly  takes  up  any  measure  that  may  benefit  the  public  welfare  if  it 
promises  to  be  of  permanent  value.  His  success  lies  not  so  much  in  the  powerful 
position  which  he  has  attained  as  one  of  the  wealthy  men  of  New  Westmin- 
ster but  in  the  beneficial  effect  his  actions  and  his  success  have  had  and  yet 
have  upon  the  growth  of  the  city.  From  that  point  of  view  his  life  proves 
of  the  greatest  value  and  his  actions  highly  merit  the  esteem,  respect  and  confi- 
dence which  are  readily  conceded  to  one  whose  loyalty  to  general  interests  may 
be  said  to  be  proverbial. 


JOSEPH  EDWARD  GAYNOR. 

It  has  often  been  said  that  death  loves  a  shining  mark,  and  the  truth  of  xms 
adage  found  verification  when  Joseph  Edward  Gaynor  was  suddenly  called 
away.  The  news  of  his  demise  was  a  shock  to  all  New  Westminster,  where  he 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  and  later  occupied  the  position  of  registrar.  He 
was  born  in  January,  1862,  at  Tullywood,  near  Moate,  West  Meath,  Ireland, 
where  his  father  was  a  large  landowner.  The  father  is  now  deceased  but  the 
mother  still  survives.  The  son  was  educated  by  private  tutors  and  in  Dublin 
University,  and  following  the  completion  of  his  studies  he  sought  the  opportuni- 
ties of  the  new  world,  making  his  way  direct  to  New  Westminster,  after  crossing 
the  Atlantic  in  1888.  Having  qualified  for  the  bar,  he  here  entered  upon  the 
practice  of  law,  becoming  a  member  of  the  law  firm  of  Armstrong,  Extine  & 
Gaynor.  After  following  his  profession  for  some  time,  however,  he  ceased  to 
practice  in  order  to  accept  the  position  of  registrar  at  New  Westminster,  to 
which  he  had  been  appointed.  He  continued  to  serve  in  that  office  most  accept- 
ably to  the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  while  he  was  on  his  way  home  to 
his  little  family  on  the  5th  of  June,  1900.  He  was  a  man  of  excellent  ability 
and  great  promise.  He  had  been  the  gold  medalist  of  his  class  and  his  native 
powers  and  talents  were  being  developed  along  lines  that  promised  to  make  his 
life  one  of  great  usefulness. 


148  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

It  was  on  the  4th  of  May,  1891,  that  Mr.  Gaynor  had  married  Miss  Florence 
Mary  O'Connor,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Morris  and  Minnie  O'Connor,  of  Ontario. 
They  became  the  parents  of  four  children :  George  Charles,  who  is  studying  for 
the  medical  profession  in  Dublin ;  Maurice,  who  is  at  Bangie  in  the  Malay  states, 
in  charge  of  a  rubber  plantation ;  Gertrude  in  school  at  New  Westminster ;  and 
John,  who  died  in  infancy.  Mr.  Gaynor  was  a  Catholic  in  religious  belief  and 
was  a  member  of  the  New  Westminster  Club.  His  sudden  death  ended  what 
promised  to  be  a  brilliant  career.  He  was  highly  respected  and  died  just  as  his 
worth  was  being  recognized,  for  he  was  still  a  young  man  when  called  to  his 
final  rest.  He  was  devoted  to  his  family,  was  faithful  in  friendship  and  loyal 
in  citizenship,  and  his  many  good  qualities  had  gained  for  him  the  esteem,  confi- 
dence and  respect  of  all  who  knew  him. 


DONALD  MALCOLM  STEWART. 

One  of  the  foremost  men  of  Vancouver,  prominent  in  business  as  well  as 
in  the  semi-public  life  of  the  city  and  deeply  interested  in  a  number  of  charitable 
institutions, — one  whose  life  has  been  of  real  value  to  his  city,  is  Donald  Mal- 
colm Stewart,  proprietor  of  the  Pioneer  Steam  Laundry,  one  of  the  most  mod- 
ern and  best  equipped  enterprises  of  this  kind  in  the  province.  Mr.  Stewart  is 
a  native  of  Glengarry  county,  Ontario,  where  he  was  born  March  i,  1862,  a  son 
of  Norman  and  Annie  (McKercher)  Stewart,  the  former  of  Scotch  extraction. 
The  father  was  a  member  of  a  large  family  which  emigrated  from  the  isle  of 
Skye,  Scotland,  to  Ontario,  where  they  became  pioneers. 

Donald  Malcolm  Stewart  acquired  a  public-school  education  in  his  native 
province  and  upon  laying  aside  his  text-books  became  a  clerk  in  a  general  store 
at  Dunvegan,  Ontario,  there  serving  an  apprenticeship  of  two  and  a  half  years, 
until  1886.  He  then  went  to  Vankleek  Hill,  Ontario,  clerking  for  a  time.  His  next 
place  of  abode  and  field  of  work  was  St.  Thomas,  that  province,  where  for  eight- 
een months  he  was  in  the  employ  of  Stacy  &  Son,  hardware  merchants.  Coming 
to  British  Columbia  in  1889  he  left  shortly  afterwards  for  Seattle,  Washington, 
where  he  was  connected  with  a  laundry  for  one  and  a  half  years,  becoming 
acquainted  with  business  methods  and  the  details  of  operation.  In  March,  1892, 
he  again  crossed  the  border  to  British  Columbia  and  came  to  Vancouver,  pur- 
chasing his  present  business  which  had  been  established  in  1890.  Since  taking 
charge  of  the  enterprise  rapid  advancement  has  been  made,  its  healthy  growth 
being  largely  due  to  the  progressive  methods  and  innate  business  ability  of  Mr. 
Stewart.  The  laundry,  which  occupies  a  fireproof  building,  is  equipped  with 
the  Jatest  machinery,  which  assures  its  patrons  the  highest  class  of  work  while 
the  processes  of  operation  are  such  as  to  guarantee  least  harm  to  the  goods 
intrusted  to  its  care.  An  idea  as  to  the  extent  of  their  business  is  given  in  the 
fact  that  thirty  delivery  wagons  are  needed  continuously  in  the  delivery  of  their 
goods. 

The  marriage  of  Mr.  Stewart  to  Miss  Mary  E.  Brown,  a  daughter  of  J.  T. 
and  Elizabeth  Brown,  occurred  on  June  17,  1896.  Her  father  was  for  many  years 
a  license  inspector  in  Vancouver,  coming  originally  to  this  city  from  Scarborough, 
Ontario.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stewart  have  three  children,  Norman,  Donald  and  Isabel. 

For  many  years  Mr.  Stewart  has  actively  participated  in  the  public  life  of  his 
adopted  city  and  from  1903  until  1908  gave  official  service  as  alderman  of  Van- 
couver. His  political  affiliations  are  with  the  liberal  party,  the  candidates  of 
which  he  stanchly  supports.  He  is  a  member  and  an  elder  of  St.  Andrews  Pres- 
byterian church  and  is  deeply  interested  in  its  work.  For  one  term  he  served  as 
chairman  of  the  house  committee  of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital,  and  has 
been  for  five  years  and  is  at  present  vice  president  of  the  board  of  Alexander 
Orphanage,  these  two  latter  connections  giving  evidence  of  his  deep  love  for  man- 
kind, to  whom  he  always  stands  ready  to  extend  a  helping  hand  when  in  need 


DONALD  M.  STEWART 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  151 

or  distress.  He  is  also  president  of  the  board  of  the  City  Central  Mission,  an 
organization  founded  for  the  purpose  of  furnishing  beds  to  the  downtrodden  and 
poverty-stricken  and  assisting  them  to  useful  positions  in  life.  Fraternally  he 
is  a  member  of  Mount  Hermon  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver,  and  of 
the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  exemplifying  the  brotherly  spirit  of 
these  lodges  in  his  daily  life.  He  has  no  club  associations  in  a  social  sense,  rind- 
ing his  truest  happiness  at  his  own  fireside.  Every  force  that  goes  forth  to  make 
Vancouver  an  ideal  city,  every  opportunity  to  raise  its  intellectual  and  moral 
standard,  receives  the  indorsement  of  Mr.  Stewart,  who  seeks  his  truest  success 
not  only  in  promoting  his  individual  prosperity  but  in  contributing  towards  the 
general  welfare.  His  sterling  qualities  are  such  as  ever  command  the  respect, 
confidence  and  good-will  of  all  with  whom  he  comes  in  contact  and  as  the  years 
have  passed  he  has  become  intrenched  in  the  affection  of  the  general  public. 


FREDERICK  JOSEPH  LYNCH. 

One  of  the  most  popular  and  widely  known  men  in  British  Columbia  is  Fred- 
erick Joseph  Lynch,  who  for  the  past  ten  years  has  been  engaged  as  cigar  manu- 
facturer in  New  Westminster  and  has  built  up  a  business  of  far-reaching  propor- 
tions. His  trade  extends  practically  all  over  the  province  and  his  business  has 
increased  from  year  to  year,  assuring  him  of  a  substantial  income.  Moreover, 
he  has  been  connected  in  various  other  ways  with  the  community  life  and  has 
been  an  important  factor  in  promoting  progress  and  advancement.  Born  in 
Peterboro,  Ontario,  on  December  31,  1877,  he  is  a  son  of  James  and  Mary 
(Haban)  Lynch,  both  natives  of  Bedford,  Pennsylvania.  They  removed  to 
Peterboro,  Ontario,  with  their  respective  parents  when  both  were  yet  in  their 
teens,  and  in  the  latter  city  they  were  married,  the  father  there  engaging  in  the 
timber  business,  being  associated  with  Theodore  Ludgate,  now  of  Vancouver. 
He  was  accidentally  killed  in  1882,  while  superintending  some  work  at  the  timber 
camps.  The  mother  is  still  living  and  makes  her  home  in  Peterboro.  She 
reared  a  family  of  eight  children  after  her  husband's  demise  and  has  had  the 
satisfaction  of  seeing  all  of  them  attain  to  substantial  positions. 

Frederick  J.  Lynch  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Peterboro  and  at 
St.  Michael's  College  of  Toronto.  In  1893  ne  removed  to  Rochester,  New  York, 
where  he  spent  three  years  but  subsequently  returned  to  Peterboro,  where  he  was 
employed  in  the  clothing  business  until  1898,  when  he  sought  the  greater  oppor- 
tunities of  the  west,  coming  to  Nelson,  British  Columbia.  At  that  point  he 
entered  the  service  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  making  shortly  after  his 
arrival  an  extended  trip  with  the  Nelson  team  to  the  various  coast  cities,  and 
after  his  return  to  Nelson  came  to  New  Westminster,  accepting  a  position  with 
the  British  Columbia  Cigar  Manufacturing  Company,  representing  this  concern 
on  the  road  for  three  years.  At  the  end  of  that  period,  in  1903,  he  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  cigars  and  in  the  intervening  ten  years  has  built  up  one  of 
the  largest  cigar  manufacturing  enterprises  in  British  Columbia.  A  man  of 
shrewd  judgment,  remarkable  business  ability  and  a  genial  and  pleasant  person- 
ality, he  is  widely  known  throughout  the  province,  his  trade  connections  extend- 
ing to  the  remotest  part  of  British  Columbia. 

In  1905  Mr.  Lynch  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Levina  Bilodeau,  a  native 
of  New  Westminster  and  a  daughter  of  Peter  O.  Bilodeau,  the  popular  and  well 
known  proprietor  of  the  Windsor  Hotel.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lynch  have  three  chil- 
dren :  Frances,  Frederick  and  Roy. 

Although  his  business  interests  are  large,  Mr.  Lynch  has  always  found  time 
to  devote  to  other  matters  which  round  out  his  life  and  make  his  activities  of 
importance  in  various  connections.  He  is  now  serving  in  his  third  term  as  a 
member  of  the  board  of  aldermen  of  New  Westminster  and  during  his  service 
has  done  important  work  in  constructive  municipal  legislation,  promoting  many 


152  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

measures  which  have  turned  out  to  be  of  utmost  benefit  to  the  city.  He  believes 
that  play  takes  as  important  a  part  in  man's  life  as  does  his  work,  as  one  is 
needed  to  supplement  the  other,  and  is  well  and  widely  known  as  one  of  the 
foremost  sportsmen  in  the  province,  taking  a  deep  interest  in  all  clean  athletics. 
For  ten  years  he  played  on  the  New  Westminster  lacrosse  team  and  managed  the 
team  for  one  year  when  it  held  the  world's  championship.  In  the  last  nine  years 
they  have  lost  this  honor  but  one  year.  While  Mr.  Lynch  held  membership  in 
this  organization  he  made  two  trips  to  the  east  and  each  time  the  team  returned 
undefeated,  the  nearest  of  being  loser  coming  about  when  a  draw  game  was 
played  with  Toronto.  Mr.  Lynch  is  also  very  prominent  in  the  Order  of  Eagles, 
being  a  member  of  New  Westminster  Aerie,  No.  20.  He  was  elected  at  the 
convention  held  in  St.  Louis,  in  1910,  deputy  grand  worthy  president  of  western 
Canada  and  in  1909  was  elected  to  represent  his  home  lodge  at  the  grand  lodge. 
The  following  year  he  was  chosen  to  represent  the  grand  lodge  in  western  Canada. 
Moreover,  Mr.  Lynch  is  a  member  of  the  Westminster  Club,  taking  active  part 
in  all  movements  promoted  by  that  organization  in  the  interest  of  further  expan- 
sion along  commercial  and  moral  lines.  He  is  justly  accounted  one  of  the  leading 
men  of  his  city,  and  while  he  has  attained  personal  prosperity  which  none  can 
begrudge  him,  is  a  serviceable  factor  in  the  growth  of  the  city,  which  has  no 
more  loyal  advocate  than  Frederick  Joseph  Lynch. 


FREDERICK  BERNARD  PEMBERTON. 

A  power  of  initiative,  an  enterprising  and  progressive  spirit,  an  instinct 
for  seizing  and  utilizing  present  opportunity  have  been  the  dominating  elements 
in  the  success  of  Frederick  Bernard  Pemberton,  capitalist  and  man  of  affairs, 
whose  resultant  activities  have  influenced  the  financial  and  general  business 
growth  of  Victoria  for  the  past  quarter  of  a  century.  The  city  numbers  him 
among  her  successful  and  prominent  native  sons,  for  his  birth  occurred  here 
April  26,  1865,  his  parents  being  Joseph  D.  and  Theresa  J.  D.  Pemberton,  the 
former  one  of  the  early  settlers  in  Victoria,  having  come  to  the  city  as  surveyor 
general  for  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company. 

Mr.  Pemberton  was  sent  to  England  to  be  educated  and  there,  after  com- 
pleting the  usual  public-school  course,  he  entered  University  College,  London, 
from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1885.  He  then  returned  to  Canada,  coming 
immediately  to  his  home  in  Victoria,  where  two  years  later  he  began  his  in- 
dependent business  career,  becoming  interested  in  dealing  in  real  estate  and 
in  promoting  important  financial  projects.  In  these  and  allied  lines  of  activity 
he  has  since  been  interested,  and,  being  a  resourceful,  far-sighted  and  discrimin- 
ating financier,  he  has  been  carried  forward  into  important  business  relations, 
his  name  standing  in  Victoria  for  competence,  for  reliability,  for  business 
foresight  and  for  well  timed  business  aggressiveness.  He  today  controls  one 
of  the  largest  real-estate  and  investment  concerns  in  the  city,  his  offices  giving 
employment  to  from  eighteen  to  twenty  persons,  and  he  handles  a  great  deal 
of  valuable  property,  his  judgment  on  questions  of  land  values  being  considered 
practically  infallible.  He  has  made  some  very  judicious  private  investments 
and  today  is  a  large  holder  of  city  realty.  Through  investment  or  official  service 
he  is  connected  with  a  number  of  the  important  enterprises  in  Victoria,  being  a 
director  in  the  Victoria  Theater  and  in  other  local  corporations.  All  of  his 
business  interests  are  carefully  conducted  along  practical  and  conservative  lines 
and  success  has  naturally  followed,  his  business  achievements  placing  him  among 
the  leaders  in  the  city's  financial  and  commercial  upbuilding. 

In  Toronto,  Ontario,  in  1893  Mr.  Pemberton  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Mary  Ann  Dupont  Bell,  a  daughter  of  P.  W.  and  E.  S.  Bell,  the  former 
of  whom  was  connected  with  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  all  during  his  active 
life,  acting  as  chief  factor  in  a  number  of  places.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Pemberton 


FREDERICK   B.   1'EMBERTON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  155 

have  six  children :  Frederick  Despard,  Warren  Colclough,  Armine  Morris, 
Philippa  Despard,  Mab  Ahearn  and  Francis  John  Dupont.  The  family  is  well 
known  in  social  circles  of  the  city  and  the  home  is  a  center  of  hospitality  for 
many  friends. 

Mr.  Pemberton  belongs  to  the  Union  and  the  Pacific  Clubs  and  is  prom- 
inent in  the  affairs  of  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia.  He  is  president 
of  the  Victoria  Hunt  Club  and  he  also  holds  membership  in  the  British  Colum- 
bia Land  Surveyors.  Eminently  progressive  and  public-spirited  in  matters  of 
citizenship,  he  is  always  ready  to  cooperate  in  movements  for  the  community 
advancement  and  progress  and  he  has  done  a  great  deal  to  promote  develop- 
ment through  official  service  and  through  identifying  himself  with  progressive 
public  and  semi-public  measures  and  movements.  He  is  one  of  the  councillors 
of  Oak  Bay  and  he  has  held  this  office  for  several  years,  proving  an  efficient, 
capable  and  far-sighted  public  servant.  For  several  years  past  he  has  been 
connected  with  the  Provincial  Royal  Jubilee  Hospital  as  president  of  the  board, 
and  his  interests  though  varied  are  alike  in  this — that  he  identifies  himself  with 
nothing  which  does  not  make  for  improvement  in  standards  of  citizenship,  for 
progress  in  business  or  for  the  betterment  or  amelioration  of  existing  conditions. 
After  recounting  the  things  he  has  accomplished  and  the  variety  and  importance 
of  the  movements  to  which  he 'has  lent  his  aid  and  support  it  is  perhaps  super- 
fluous to  add  that  he  is  one  of  the  city's  most  tireless  men  of  affairs,  modern 
in  his  views,  progressive  in  his  standards,  telling  in  action — a  native  son  whose 
life  record  is  a  credit  to  the  community  in  which  he  has  always  lived. 


RUSSELL  HARRY  PALMER. 

Russell  Harry  Palmer,  of  Palmer  Brothers  &  Henning,  contractors,  whose 
work,  of  a  most  important  character,  places  them  in  a  notable  position  in  their 
field  of  labor,  was  born  at  Prince  Edward  Island,  on  the  31  st  of  December,  1866, 
a  son  of  Donald  W.  and  Jean  Palmer.  The  father  was  a  merchant  and  farmer 
of  Prince  Edward  Island,  and  both  are  now  deceased.  The  son  attended  the 
public  schools  and  afterward  St.  Peters  Boys  School  at  Charlottetown,  Prince 
Edward  Island.  The  year  1889  witnessed  Mr.  Palmer's  arrival  in  Vancouver, 
although  he  remained  but  a  short  time,  going  from  this  city  to  Seattle,  Wash- 
ington, where  he  engaged  in  railroad  construction  and  in  merchandising  until 
1897.  At  the  time  of  the  discovery  of  gold  and  consequent  excitement  in  the 
Yukon  country  he  went  to  Dawson,  where  he  carried  on  merchandising  and 
mining,  continuing  a  resident  of  that  district  until  1905,  in  which  year  he  again 
came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  engaged  in  the  contracting  business.  The  firm 
of  Palmer  Brothers  &  Henning  is  accorded  a  liberal  patronage  and  their  work 
has  been  of  an  important  character.  Mr.  Palmer  is  familiar  with  the  great 
scientific  principles  which  underlie  construction  as  well  as  with  all  the  practical 
phases  and  details  of  the  business,  and  as  the  years  have  gone  by  is  developing 
powers  have  brought  him  to  a  prominent  position.  He  is  likewise  the.  secretary 
of  the  Palmer  Land  Investment  Company,  an  American  corporation  located  at 
Everett,  Washington.  Among  the  many  notable  contracts  executed  by  Palmer 
Brothers  &  Henning  was  the  building  of  the  grade  for  the  British  Columbia 
Electric  Railroad  into  Chilwack.  The  company  were  also  builders  of  the  Con- 
naught  bridge,  also  called  the  Cambie  Street  bridge,  which  was  solemnly  dedicated 
and  opened  to  traffic  by  the  Duke  of  Connaught  on  his  visit  to  Vancouver  in  1912. 
This  bridge  is  three-quarters  of  a  mile  long  and  its  construction  was  a  remark- 
able piece  of  engineering.  It  is  built  of  concrete  and  steel  throughout.  The 
company  has  also  had  several  important  contracts  for  street  paving  and  sewers, 
putting  in  the  first  unit  of  the  Lea  system  of  sewerage  in  Vancouver.  They  built 
the  grade  of  the  Canadian  Northern  Railroad  between  Hope  and  Yale  and  are 


156  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

now  engaged  in  the  execution  of  a  contract  at  Yellowhead  Pass,  also  known  as 
Tete  Jaune  Cache. 

Mr.  Palmer  married  Miss  Claude  Dalton,  now  deceased,  and  there  are  two 
sons,  Russell  A.  and  Donald  D.,  attending  school.  Mr.  Palmer  is  an  Odd  Fellow 
and  also  holds  membership  with  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  the  Modern  Woodmen, 
the  Arctic  Brotherhood  and  the  Terminal  City  Club.  His  religious  belief  is  that 
of  the  Episcopalian  church.  He  is  fond  of  baseball,  which  constitutes  one  of  the 
sources  of  his  recreation  and  relieves  him  of  the  strain  of  an  arduous  growing 
business,  maintaining  that  even  balance  which  is  so  necessary  as  a  forceful 
factor  in  the  attainment  of  success. 


JOSEPH  ANDREW  GODDARD. 

Joseph  Andrew  Goddard  is  actively  connected  with  the  wholesale  fruit  and 
commission  business  in  Vancouver  as  senior  partner  of  the  firm  of  Goddard  & 
Witter.  A  typical  spirit  of  enterprise  and  progress  such  as  has  been  the  domi- 
nant factor  in  the  upbuilding  of  the  northwest  has  manifested  itself  in  his  busi- 
ness activities,  resulting  in  his  continuous  advancement  in  commercial  circles. 
He  was  born  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  March  n,  1880,  and  is  a  son  of  Andrew  and 
Sarah  Goddard,  the  former  for  a  number  of  years  an  engineer  on  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railroad.  With  the  removal  of  the  family  to  the  west  Joseph  Andrew 
Goddard  became  a  pupil  in  the  public  schools  of  British  Columbia  but  afterward 
returned  to  the  east  and  attended  the  Canada  Business  College  at  Hamilton, 
Ontario.  On  his  return  to  Vancouver,  after  the  completion  of  his  college 
course,  he  was  employed  by  F.  R.  Stewart  &  Company,  wholesale  commission 
merchants,  with  whom  he  remained  for  about  eight  years,  acquainting  himself 
with  every  phase  of  the  business  and  gaining  valuable  knowledge  and  experience 
that  qualified  him  for  the  conduct  of  his  individual  interests  at  a  later  day.  In 
1908  he  started  in  business  on  his  own  account,  forming  a  partnership  with  J.  W. 
Little,  under  the  firm  name  of  Goddard  &  Little,  which  continued  until  the  death 
of  Mr.  Little  in  October,  1912,  after  which  H.  J.  Witter  was  admitted  to  a 
partnership  under  the  firm  style  of  Goddard  &  Witter,  which  still  continues.  To 
some  extent  Mr.  Goddard  has  invested  in  real  estate  but  his  attention  is  largely 
concentrated  upon  his  wholesale  fruit  and  commission  interests,  in  which  con- 
nection his  trade  is  constantly  growing,  resulting  from  his  enterprise,  diligence, 
clear  application  and  reliable  business  methods. 

On  the  I4th  of  October,  1909,  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  Mr.  Goddard  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  E.  Pargeter,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Helen  Pargeter, 
and  they  have  one  son,  James  Andrew.  The  parents  hold  membership  in  St. 
Mark's  church  and  Mr.  Goddard  belongs  also  to  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows,  while  his  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party.  He 
takes  little  active  interest  in  politics,  however,  aside  from  exercising  his  right  of 
franchise,  preferring  to  concentrate  his  energies  upon  his  business  affairs,  with 
the  result  that  industry,  wise  direction  and  executive  control  are  winning  for 
him  growing  prosperity. 


CHARLES  GEORGE  MAJOR. 

All  honor  is  due  to  the  pioneer  settlers  who,  penetrating  into  the  western 
wilderness  in  order  to  enjoy  the  natural  resources  of  the  country  and  establish 
homes,  laid  the  foundation  for  the  present  prosperity  and  greatness  of  the  province. 
Of  this  class  Charles  George  Major  of  New  Westminster  is  a  representative. 
His  name,  however,  figures  in  connection  with  historic  events  in  various  sec- 


CHARLES  G.  MAJOE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  159 

tions  and  he  relates  many  interesting  incidents  of  the  early  days  and  of  pioneer 
conditions  as  well  as  of  later-day  progress.  More  than  a  half  century  has  come 
and  gone  since  he  arrived  in  New  Westminster  and  traveled  with  pack  animals 
through  the  mountains  from  the  mines  to  the  market.  There  was  at  that  time 
little  to  break  the  silence  which  brooded  over  the  country  between  camp  and 
settlement  and  little  indication  that  this  district  was  soon  to  become  a  populous 
and  prosperous  region.  His  youth  had  been  passed  in  the  east  but  in  early  man- 
hood he  arrived  in  British  Columbia,  which  has  since  been  the  scene  of  his  labors. 
His  birth  occurred  in  Ontario,  in  1839,  his  parents  being  Richard  and  A.  M. 
(Johnson)  Major,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  England.  Attracted  by  the  op- 
portunities of  the  new  world,  they  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  America  in  1830  and 
took  tip  their  abode  upon  a  tract  of  land  five  miles  from  Sarnia,  Ontario.  The 
father  followed  both  farming  and  blacksmithing  and  a  life  of  intense  and  well 
directed  activity  brought  him  a  substantial  measure  of  success.  Both  he  and  his 
wife  were  members  of  the  Church  of  England  and  their  lives  were  in  consistent 
harmony  with  their  professions.  The  father  died  at  the  age  of  forty-nine  years, 
while  the  mother,  long  surviving  him,  reached  the  age  of  seventy-six.  Their 
family  numbered  eight  children,  of  whom  only  two  are  now  living. 

At  the  usual  age  Charles  G.  Major  entered  the  public  schools,  which  af- 
forded him  his  entire  educational  opportunities  save  that  in  the  school  of  ex- 
perience he  has  learned  many  valuable  lessons.  He  was  quite  young  when  he 
began  earning  his  own  living  and  he  has  justly  won  the  right  to  be  called  a  self- 
made  man.  For  four  years  he  was  an  apprentice  in  a  dry-goods  business  under 
the  late  Hon.  John  Robson  and  his  brother.  His  contract  called  for  forty 
dollars  in  compensation  for  his  first  year's  service,  sixty  dollars  for  the  sec- 
ond and  one  hundred  dollars  for  the  third  year,  in  addition  to  his  board,  but  his 
employers  recognized  the  fact  that  his  unfaltering  industry,  his  close  application 
and  his  thorough  reliability  merited  a  higher  wage,  which  was  accordingly 
given  him.  In  fact,  the  year  following  the  completion  of  his  apprenticeship 
brought  him  a  larger  salary  than  that  of  any  other  clerk  in  the  store.  With  the 
discovery  of  gold  along  the  Eraser  river  in  1858  attention  was  drawn  to  this  section 
of  the  country  and  many  men,  young  and  old,  flocked  to  the  west,  hoping  to 
rapidly  win  a  fortune  in  search  for  the  precious  metal.  Mr.  Major  was  among 
the  number  and  on  the  1st  of  June,  1859,  reached  New  Westminster,  coming 
here  by  way  of  the  isthmus  of  Panama.  In  1860,  in  company  with  the  late  Hon. 
John  Robson,  he  cleared  a  great  part  of  the  New  Westminster  townsite.  Two 
years  later,  or  in  1862,  he  went  to  the  Cariboo  mines,  remaining  in  that  district 
during  the  years  1862-3-4.  He  was  employed  by  the  express  company,  traveling 
with 'pack  horses,  which  carried  gold  to  the  markets,  and  in  March,  1864,  drove 
the  first  four-horse  stage  through  the  canyons  on  the  Yale-Cariboo  road.  In 
1864  he  returned  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  embarked  in  merchandising 
in  connection  with  John  S.  Clute,  and  when  his  partner  left  British  Columbia  for 
Missouri  in  1870  Mr.  Major  became  sole  proprietor  of  the  business  and  so  con- 
tinued until  1887,  when  he  retired  from  merchandising  and  invested  his  capital 
in  real  estate.  His  operations  in  that  field  have  proven  very  profitable,  for 
his  purchases  have  been  judiciously  made,  after  which  he  has  awaited  favorable 
opportunity  for  sale.  Before  it  was  known  that  Vancouver  was  to  be  the 
terminus  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Mr.  Major  purchased  considerable 
real  estate  there  and  the  rapid  growth  of  the  city  has  been  the  source  of  its  con- 
tinuous rise  in  value.  He  sold  muc.h  property  there  at  a  very  gratifying  figure 
and  he  still  owns  considerable  real  estate  in  Vancouver  as  well  as  in  New  West- 
minster. He  makes  insurance  a  branch  of  his  business  and  besides  he  is  the 
government  administrator  for  the  district  of  New  Westminster,  extending  as  far 
as  North  Bend.  Among  other  interests  Mr.  Major  is  a  director  of  the  New  West- 
minster &  Southern  Railroad  and  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Lumber  Company.  His 
judgment  in  business  matters  is  sound,  his  discrimination,  keen  and  his  enterprise 
unfaltering,  and  thus  he  has  advanced  year  by  year  until  his  position  in  business 

circles  is  a  most  creditable  one. 
voi  ni — e 


160  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Mr.  Major  was  married  in  1867  to  Miss  Mary  Elizabeth  Clarkson,  a  daugh- 
ter of  William  Clarkson,  a  pioneer  settler  of  this  province,  and  a  sister  of  Mrs. 
J.  S.  Clute  and  Mrs.  John  C.  Brown,  pioneer  women  of  British  Columbia.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Major  became  the  parents  of  four  children :  Edith  Eleanor,  the  wife  of 
Thomas  Robson  Pearson;  Mildred  Jane,  who  married  John  A.  Lee;  Harry  Clark- 
son;  and  Frank.  In  1903  Mr.  Major  was  called  upon  to  mourn  the  loss  of  his 
wife,  whose  death  was  also  deeply  deplored  by  her  many  friends.  Her  salient 
characteristics  were  such  as  endeared  her  to 'all  with  whom  she  came  in  contact, 
for  she  was  charitable  in  her  opinions,  kindly  in  action  and  generous  in  spirit. 
She  was  a  faithful  member  of  the  Methodist  church,  to  which  Mr.  Major  also 
belongs  and  in  which  he  has  been  an  active  working  member  and  officer  for  half 
a  century. 

Mr.  Major  is  a  charter  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade  of  New  Westminster 
and  in  that  connection  has  done  far-reaching  and  beneficial  work  toward  opening 
new  channels  of  commercial  expansion.  For  the  past  thirty-five  years  he  has 
been  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Pilot  Board,  doing  much  toward  improving  ship- 
ping facilities  and  creating  a  safe  system  of  pilotage  for  the  port.  He  served  for 
a  number  of  years  as  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  New  Westminster,  ever  giv- 
ing his  support  to  progressive  measures  such  as  were  the  foundation  upon  which 
the  present  greatness  of  the  city  rests.  He  has  also  held  for  twenty  years  the 
position  of  justice  of  the  peace.  His  love  toward  mankind  and  his  compassion 
with  the  unfortunate  or  those  afflicted  with  illness  is  ever  present  with  him 
and  expressed  in  a  visible  way  by  the  diligent  and  effective  work  which  he  accom- 
plishes as  a  member  of  the  board  of  the^ Royal  City  Hospital. 

His  life  has  been  actuated  by  high  and  honorable  principles  and  he  has  never 
deviated  from  a  course  that  he  has  believed  to  be  right  in  all  of  his  relations  with 
his  fellowmen.  He  values  his  own  self-respect  more  than  wealth,  fame  or  posi- 
tion and  the  merited  regard  of  his  fellowmen  is  more  to  him  than  political  advance- 
ment or  honors. 


CHARLES  CAIR  KNIGHT. 

Charles  Cair  Knight  is  the  president  and  general  manager  of  the  Western 
Pacific  Development  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver.  In  this  connection  his  efforts 
are  an  element  in  general  progress  and  upbuilding  in  the  province.  His  ability  in 
business  affairs  is  widely  acknowledged  and  his  enterprise  is  continually  opening 
before  him  broader  fields  of  activity  and  usefulness.  He  was  born  at  St.  John's 
Newfoundland,  in  November,  1871,  a  son  of  Allan  C.  and  Jessie  E.  (Facey) 
Knight,  also  natives  of  Newfoundland.  After  acquiring  his  education  in  the 
schools  of  his  native  city,  Charles  C.  Knight  became  connected  with  general  mer- 
chandising as  a  representative  of  the  firm  of  Ayre  &  Sons,  of  St.  John's  with  whom 
he  remained  for  seven  years.  He  then  joined  the  St.  John's  branch  of  the  Glas- 
gow firm  of  J.  &  W.  Stewart,  with  whom  he  remained  for  a  little  more  than  a 
year.  In  1894  he  went  west  to  Montreal  and  joined  the  staff  of  the  head  office  of 
the  Sun  Life  Insurance  Company,  remaining  there  for  four  years.  He  was  then 
appointed  cashier  of  the  company,  but  before  assuming  the  duties  of  that  office 
was  tendered  the  field  management  for  the  province  of  Quebec  and  was  stationed 
at  Sherbrooke,  Quebec. 

On  the  expiration  of  that  period  Mr.  Knight  came  to  the  west  and  opened  the 
work  for  the  company  in  the  province  of  Saskatchewan,  with  the  head  provincial 
office  at  Regina.  He  also  established  many  branch  offices  in  the  province  and 
continued  in  charge  there  for  nearly  four  years.  In  the  spring  of  1909  he  came 
to  Vancouver  .and  organized  the  Western  Pacific  Development  Company,  Ltd., 
with  a  capital  of  five  hundred  thousand  dollars.  In  the  spring  of  1911  he  suc- 
ceeded their  first  president,  E.  W.  MacLean,  Esq.,  as  president  and  general 
manager.  This  company  deals  in  the  natural  resources  of  the  western  provinces 


CHAELES  C.  KNIGHT 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  163 

— in  the  lands,  the  timber,  the  mines  and  in  the  investments  which  are  based  upon 
these  natural  resources,  including  stocks,  bonds,  mortgages  and  business  and 
residential  property.  They  also  have  a  permanent  branch  office  in  London,  Eng- 
land. Well  devised  plans  constitute  the  basis  upon  which  has  been  builded  the 
success  of  the  company.  The  superstructure  has  been  constructed  of  energy, 
determination  and  a  thorough  understanding  of  conditions  and  resources  in  the 
west.  Mr.  Knight  is  a  man  of  indomitable  industry  and  gradually  has  worked  his 
way  upward  until  he  ranks  today  with  the  leading  business  men  of  Vancouver. 
In  Montreal,  in  1895,  occurred  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Knight  and  Miss  Florence 
R.  Spence  and  they  have  one  daughter,  Elsie  Florence.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Knight 
are  members  of  the  Grand  View  Methodist  church,  in  the  work  of  which  they 
take  a  most  active  and  helpful  part.  Mr.  Knight  is  serving  on  the  quarterly  board, 
the  board  of  trustees  and  is  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  school.  His  wife  also 
has  a  class  in  the  Sunday  school  and  she  is  a  provincial  officer  in  the  Woman's 
Mission  Society,  and  also  in  the  Woman's  Christian  Temperance  Union.  Both 
take  an  active  interest  in  promoting  all  those  offices  which  contribute  to  moral  prog- 
ress and  to  the  upbuilding  of  the  individual,  and  their  influence  is  of  no  restricted 
order.  Mr.  Knight  is  also  well  known  in  political  circles  as  a  supporter  of  the 
liberal  party.  He  contested  the  constituency  of  Sherbrooke  for  the  Dominion 
parliament,  but  was  defeated  by  a  small  majority.  While  in  Saskatchewan  he 
was  president  of  the  Regina  Liberal  Association.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Com- 
mercial and  Progress  Clubs  and  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association.  He 
regards  business  as  but  a  single  phase  of  life  and  not  as  the  end  and  aim  of  exist- 
ence, ever  finding  time  to  devote  to  public  affairs  of  moment,  his  labors  being  an 
element  in  progress,  and  his  practical  efforts  resulting  in  the  attainment  of  high 
ideals. 


EDGAR  H.   BUCKLIN. 

The  term  captain  of  industry  finds  its  justification  in  the  life  record  of  Edgar 
H.  Bucklin,  a  man  who  by  the  sheer  force  of  his  will,  his  ability,  his  foresight 
and  his  initiative  has  built  up  a  mammoth  enterprise  which  has  been  one  of  the 
chief  foundations  upon  which  rests  New  Westminster's  industrial  greatness. 
Capable  of  judging  his  own  capacities  and  the  people  and  circumstances  that 
make  up  his  life  contacts  and  experiences,  he  is  preeminently  a  man  of  business 
sense,  easily  avoiding  the  mistakes  and  disasters  that  come  to  those  who,  although 
possessing  remarkable  faculties  in  some  respects,  are  liable  to  erratic  movements 
that  result  in  unwarranted  risk  and  failure.  Possessing  sufficient  courage  to 
venture  where  favoring  opportunities  lead  the  way,  his  judgment  and  energy  have 
carried  him  forward  to  notable  success,  a  success  which  is  represented  by  the 
important  position  he  occupies  in  the  business  life  of  the  province  as  president 
and  manager  of  The  Small  &  Bucklin  Lumber  Company,  Ltd.,  manufacturers  of 
fir,  cedar  and  spruce.  The  enterprise  furnishes  employment  to  about  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  men  and  its  annual  output  averages  twenty  million  feet  of  lumber. 
The  company  owns  and  controls  about  thirty  thousand  acres  of  land,  and  the 
quantity  of  timber  available  is  estimated  at  one  billion  feet.  These  statements 
give  but  an  indication  of  the  importance  of  the  business  transacted  and  its  effect 
upon  the  general  growth  and  advancement  of  the  province  and  city. 

Edgar  H.  Bucklin  was  born  April  6,  1860,  in  Illinois,  and  is  a  son  of  George  F. 
and  Esther  Jane  (Hammond)  Bucklin,  both  deceased.  The  former  was  well 
known  in  the  industrial  life  of  New  Hampshire,  in  which  state  he  was  engaged 
as  a  pail  and  lumber  manufacturer.  Both  parents  were  of  English  ancestry.  The 
father,  in  1849,  made  his  way  to  California  with  the  host  of  gold  seekers  in 
company  with  a  Mr.  Holbrook,  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Holbrook,  Merrill  & 
Stetson,  of  San  Francisco,  but  subsequently  returned  eastward,  locating  in 
Swanzey,  New  Hampshire,  where  he  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  wooden  pails 


164  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

and  lumber.  The  mother,  who  before  her  marriage  was  Miss  Esther  Jane  Ham- 
mond, was  born  March  17,  1838,  and  comes  of  a  long  line  of  distinguished 
ancestors  who  gained  fame  in  military  service.  Colonel  Allan  Hammond,  her 
father,  was  successively  commissioned  captain,  major  and  colonel  and  the  papers 
of  these  commissions  have  been  in  the  family  for  over  one  hundred  years. 
The  earliest  information  in  regard  to  the  name  of  Hammond  dates  back  about 
three  hundred  and  fifty  years  to  Thomas  Hammond,  of  Tavenham,  in  the  county 
of  Suffolk,  England,  who  was  born  about  1550.  Other  members  of  the  family 
later  made  historic  records  both  in  civil  and  military  life.  On  September  14, 
1645,  Oliver  Cromwell,  the  lord  protector,  made  an  honorable  mention  of  the 
military  achievements  of  Colonel  Robert  Hammond,  speaking  of  the  important 
services  which  the  latter  rendered  in  the  English  army.  This  Colonel  Robert 
Hammond  in  1647  was  governor  of  the  Isle  of  Wight.  Another  Thomas  Ham- 
mond, aide  of  Colonel  Robert  Hammond,  became  later  lieutenant  general  of 
ordnance  and  also  sat  as  the  king's  judge,  being  in  good  repute  with  King 
Charles  I.  In  a  letter  from  Oliver  Cromwell  to  Robert  Hammond,  dated  April  6, 
1648,  the  lord  protector  expresses  himself  highly  satisfied  with  the  labors  which 
the  Colonel  had  performed  and  in  a  half  humorous  way  informs  him  that  his 
services  at  the  rate  of  ten  pounds  per  week  are  closed  but  that  he  is  reengaged  at 
the  rate  of  twenty  pounds  and  that  a  salary  of  one  thousand  pounds  per  annum 
is  given  him.  Oliver  Cromwell  also  informs  Mr.  Hammond  that  an  order  has 
been  given  to  Mr.  Lilse  to  draw  up  an  ordinance  providing  for  five  hundred 
pounds  per  year  to  be  settled  upon  him  and  his  heirs.  In  taking  into  considera- 
tion the  much  greater  value  of  money  at  that  time,  it  is  evident  from  these 
figures  that  the  services  of  Colonel  Hammond  must  have  been  of  an  extraordi- 
narily valuable  kind.  Senator  James  Bucklin,  of  Colorado,  who  now  makes  his 
home  at  Grand  Junction,  that  state,  is  an  uncle  of  our  subject,  and  was  one  of 
those  appointed  to  investigate  the  Australian  ballot,  which  on  his  recommendation 
was  adopted.  It  was  also  interesting  to  record  that  all  the  characters  in  the  play 
"The  Old  Homestead,"  by  Denman  Thompson,  are  members  of  the  Bucklin 
family  and  relatives  of  our  subject,  and  Otis  Whitcomb,  the  leading  character 
in  the  play,  is  portraited  after  his  cousin. 

Edgar  H.  Bucklin  enjoyed  the  advantages  of  a  thorough  and  specialized 
education  and  preparing  in  1877  at  Buchtel  College  of  Akron,  Ohio,  he  graduated 
in  1882  from  the  College  of  Law  of  Chicago  University.  For  several  years  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Cook  county  (111.)  bar,  practicing  in  Chicago  as  a  partner  of 
the  firm  of  Hutchinson  &  Partridge.  He  engaged  later  in  the  manufacture  of  salt, 
building  plants  in  Warsaw,  Pavilion  and  Ithaca,  New  York,  and  Hutchinson, 
Kansas,  having  a  combined  capacity  of  eighteen  hundred  barrels  per  day. 
These  various  concerns  were  known  as  the  Hawley  Salt  Company  of  Warsaw, 
the  Ithaca  Salt  Company  of  Ithaca  and  the  Pavilion  Salt  Company  of  Pavilion, 
all  of  New  York,  and  the  Wyoming  Salt  Company  of  Hutchinson,  Kansas,  the 
first  enterprise  of  that  kind  in  the  state.  All  of  these  factories  were  subsequently, 
in  1899,  purchased  by  the  National  Salt  Company.  While  residing  in  New 
York  Mr.  Bucklin  also  took  interest  in  affairs  of  public  importance  and  was 
chosen  as  member  of  the  committee  to  advocate  a  barge  canal  throughout  the 
state  before  the  governor  and  the  legislature;  also  serving  as  member  of  the 
board  of  health  at  Ithaca. 

The  year  1903  marks  the  advent  of  Mr.  Bucklin  in  British  Columbia,  where 
he  engaged  in  the  lumber  industry,  being  instrumental  in  forming  The  Small  & 
Bucklin  Lumber  Company,  Ltd.,  which  is  largely  composed  of  his  former  asso- 
ciates in  the  salt  manufacturing  business.  Mr.  Bucklin  is  one  of  the  principal 
owners  of  this  concern  and  president  and  manager,  and  such  is  his  success  that 
his  methods  are  of  interest  to  the  commercial  world.  He  also  is  Canadian 
director  of  the  Lumbermen's  Indemnity  Exchange  of  Seattle.  Washington,  a 
lumbermen's  mutual  insurance  company,  with  one  hundred  and  sixty  members, 
carrying  the  insurance  of  the  principal  lumber  plants  in  California,  Oregon,  Wash- 
ington, Idaho  and  British  Columbia.  In  1904,  after  acquiring  about  thirty  thou- 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  165 

sand  acres  of  timber  land,  the  available  quantity  being  about  one  billion  feet,  Mr. 
Bucklin  selected  a  site  for  a  "sawmill  in  New  Westminster,  on  Dock  Square, 
which  was  then  a  swamp.  He  immediately  began  there  the  erection  of  the 
present  plant  of  The  Small  &  Bucklin  Lumber  Company,  which  in  their  mill  and 
camps  now  employ  about  two  hundred  and  fifty  men,  with  an  annual  pay  roll 
of  about  two  hundred  thousand  dollars,  cutting  about  twenty  million  feet  of 
lumber  per  year. 

In  1882  Air.  Bucklin  married  Miss  Carrie  H.  Hawley,  of  Warsaw,  New  York, 
and  their  children  are  Waldo  F.  H.,  Esther  H.  and  Lucy  H.  The  son  is  now 
ably  assisting  his  father  in  his  extensive  business  interests,  holding  the  position 
of  secretary-treasurer  of  The  Small  &  Bucklin  Lumber  Company  and  also  acting 
as  assistant  manager.  The  fraternal  affiliations  of  Mr.  Bucklin  are  confined  to 
the  Masons,  in  which  order  he  holds  membership  with  Ithaca  Lodge,  A.  F.  & 
A.  M.,  of  Ithaca,  New  York. 

Every  force  that  has  gone  to  make  New  Westminster  an  ideal  city,  every 
movement  for  its  commercial  expansion,  every  effort  to  uphold  its  intellectual 
and  moral  standards  has  received  the  indorsement  of  Mr.  Bucklin,  all  of  whose 
actions  bespeak  a  sincerely  purposeful,  public-spirited  citizenship.  To  make  his 
native  talents  subserve  the  demands  of  the  social  and  business  conditions  of  the 
day  is  the  ambition  of  his  life  and  the  ultimate  purpose  of  his  work  and  he 
stands  today  as  a  splendid  representative  of  the  business  man  to  whom  personal 
prosperity  is  but  one  aim,  secondary  in  importance  to  the  public  growth  and 
development  and  less  vital  than  many  other  elements  which  go  to  make  up 
human  existence. 


WILLIAM  THOMPSON  HUNTER. 

A  valuable  element  was  added  to  the  productive  enterprise  of  Vancouver  in 
the  establishment  of  the  Empress  Manufacturing  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  Wil- 
liam Thompson  Hunter  is  president.  He  belongs  to  that  class  of  representative 
men  whose  success  is  attributable  to  their  own  labors,  for  since  leaving  school 
and  starting  out  in  life  practically  empty-handed,  he  has  gradually  worked  his 
way  upward  and  is  now  at  the  head  of  one  of  the  important  business  interests  of 
Vancouver.  He  was  born  in  Woodstock,  Ontario,  November  27,  1860,  and  is  a 
son  of  John  B.  and  Deborah  Hunter,  the  former  of  Scotch  and  the  latter  of 
English  descent.  Both  are  deceased. 

In  the  public  and  high  schools  of  his  native  city  William  Thompson  Hunter 
pursued  his  education  and  on  leaving  school  went  to  the  United  States,  where 
he  was  engaged  in  merchandising  from  1883  until  1898.  He  was  also  connected 
with  agricultural  interests  at  Wheatland,  North  Dakota,  and  through  the  careful 
direction  of  his  farming  and  commercial  interests  met  with  substantial  success. 
In  1898  he  arrived  in  British  Columbia  and  followed  general  merchandising  in 
Greenwood  for  eleven  years  or  until  1909,  when  he  sought  the  broader  field  of 
labor  offered  in  Vancouver  and  came  to  this  city.  Here  he  purchased  the 
Empress  Manufacturing  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  has  since  been  the  president. 
This  company  are  importers  of  tea,  coffee  and  spices  and  are  also  extensively 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  jams,  jellies,  jelly  powders,  extracts,  pickles, 
sauces,  catsup,  etc.  The  business  has  grown  continuously  from  the  outset,  owing 
to  the  excellence  of  its  products,  its  reliable  business  methods  and  the  promptness 
with  which  orders  are  filled.  Its  trade  relations  are  reaching  out  along  ramifying 
lines  and  the  business  of  the  house  now  covers  a  wide  territory. 

In  1881,  in  Fargo,  North  Dakota,  Mr.  Hunter  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Elizabeth  Anderson,  a  daughter  of  Robert  Anderson,  and  they  have  six  sons,  one 
of  whom  is  now  married.  Mr.  Hunter  enjoys  hunting  as  a  recreation  and  when 
leisure  allows  indulges  in  that  sport.  He  votes  with  the  conservative  party,  is 
a  believer  in  the  faith  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  is  a  member  of  the  Ter- 


166  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

minal  City  Club.  Public  opinion  places  him  with  the  representative  business  men 
and  manufacturers  of  Vancouver  and  accords  him  the  respect  which  is  ever 
given  those  whose  success  has  been  honorably  and  worthily  won. 


ARTHUR  CANBY  BRYDON  JACK. 

An  eminent  representative  of  the  profession  which  has  ever  been  regarded  as 
the  conservator  of  human  rights  and  liberty  and  the  safeguard  of  organized  gov- 
ernment, Arthur  Canby  Brydon  Jack  has  practiced  continuously  in  British  Colum- 
bia since  1889.  Other  interests  as  well  have  profited  by  his  activity  and  sound 
business  judgment,  his  name  being  especially  well  known  in  financial  circles. 
Mr.  Brydon  Jack  was  born  at  Fredericton,  New  Brunswick,  September  10,  1864, 
a  son  of  Dr.  William  and  Caroline  (Disbrow)  Brydon  Jack.  The  former,  a  native 
of  Scotland,  became  a  resident  of  New  Brunswick  in  early  manhood  and  figured 
prominently  for  many  decades  in  connection  with  the  educational  progress  of  the 
province,  being  for  forty  years  president  of  the  University  at  Fredericton.  He 
retired  a  few  months  prior  to  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1886  when  he  was 
sixty-seven  years  of  age.  His  wife,  who  was  descended  from  United  Empire 
Loyalist  ancestry,  died  at  St.  John  in  1910. 

After  attending  the  public  schools  of  Fredericton,  Arthur  Canby  Brydon  Jack 
matriculated  in  the  University  of  New  Brunswick,  from  which  he  was  graduated 

B.  A.  in  1883,  while  in  1884  he  received  the  honorary  degree  of  M.  A.    He  also 
received  a  scholarship  for  leading  his  classes  in  mathematics  and  French.     He 
then  studied  law  at  Fredericton  and  also  spent  a  year  in  the  Boston  Law  School. 
In  1888  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  New  Brunswick  and  immediately  afterward 
came  to  British  Columbia.    The  following  year,  or  in  July,  1889,  he  was  admitted 
in  practice  here  and  was  an  active  representative  of  the  bar  at  New  Westminster 
until  1895,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  followed  his  pro- 
fession.   For  the  past  four  years  he  has  been  associated  with  Mr.  Woods  under  the 
name  of  Brydon  Jack  &  Woods.     Aside  from  his  private  practice,  in  the  years 
1899  and  1900  he  had  charge  of  the  prosecution  of  all  criminal  cases  in  Vancouver 
for  the  crown  except  the  assizes  trials.    In  1903  he  organized  the  Dominion  Trust 
Company,  which  was  incorporated  in  1904  with  a  capital  of  twenty  thousand  dol- 
lars, and  something  of  the  success  of  this  important  financial  enterprise  is  indi- 
cated by  the  fact  that  the  present  capital  is  five  millions,  of  which  two  million,  five 
hundred  thousand  dollars  are  fully  subscribed  and  two  millions  paid  up.    Since  the 
organization   of   this   company   Mr.    Brydon   Jack   has   been   its   solicitor.      His 
brother,  Dr.  W.  D.  Brydon  Jack,  is  vice  president  of  the  company  and  his  nephew, 

C.  B.  Brydon  Jack,  is  manager  of  the  Vancouver  office,  which  is  the  head  office  of 
this  company.     Branches,  however,  have  been  established  in  British  Columbia, 
Alberta,  Manitoba,  Ontario,  Quebec,  London,  England,  and  Antwerp,  Belgium. 

His  practice  and  his  connection  with  the  Dominion  Trust  Company  do  not 
comprise  the  extent  of  Mr.  Brydon  Jack's  activities.  Important  as  they  are  he 
finds  opportunity  for  cooperation  along  other  lines.  He  secured  the  charter  for 
and  is  a  life  member  of  the  Vancouver  Exhibition  Association,  which  was  organ- 
ized in  1908  for  the  advancement  of  agricultural  and  horticultural  interests  in  the 
county  of  Vancouver  and  now  has  two  hundred  and  thirty  life  members  and  eight 
hundred  annual  members.  It  has  been  a  potent  force  in  accomplishing  the  object 
for  which  it  was  formed,  stimulating  ambition  among  the  farmers  and  fruit- 
growers of  the  northwest. 

On  the  3d  of  September,  1899,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Brydon  Jack  was  married 
to  Miss  Vera  H.  Vaughan,  a  daughter  of  William  Vaughan,  who,  now  retired,  is 
residing  in  Vancouver,  but  was  formerly  engaged  in  the  ship-building  business  in 
New  Brunswick.  The  two  children  of  this  marriage  are  Muriel  and  Vaughan, 
twins.  Mr.  Brydon  Jack  is  a  liberal  in  politics  and  has  served  on  many  committees 
of  his  party,  seeking  ever  to  promote  its  success  and  development,  but  he  has  never 


ARTHUR  C.  BRYDON  JACK 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  169 

been  a  candidate  for  office.  While  in  college  he  was  most  successful  in  athletics, 
winning  many  prizes  at  running  and  jumping.  The  principal  source  of  his  recre- 
ation now  is  motoring  and  yachting.  He  is  prominent  and  popular  in  various 
clubs,  holding  membership  in  the  Vancouver  Auto,  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht, 
the  Chess  and  the  Press  Clubs,  and  he  is  also  a  member  of  St.  John's  Presbyterian 
church.  His  life  work  in  its  various  phases  may  be  summed  up  in  the  term  "suc- 
cessful accomplishment."  He  never  stopped  short  of  the  achievement  of  his  pur- 
pose, whether  in  the  path  of  his  profession,  in  his  business  affairs  or  in  the  projects 
for  the  public  good,  if  the  result  could  be  achieved  by  persistent  and  honorable 
effort.  With  him  to  see  an  opportunity  for  advancement  is  to  utilize  it  and  thus 
he  has  reached  the  position  which  he  now  occupies  as  one  of  Vancouver's  leading 
barristers. 


JAMES  MACAULAY. 

The  history  of  any  country  is  but  an  epitome  of  the  lives  of  the  citizens  who 
have  made  it.  The  influence  of  a  life  is  felt,  if  not  openly  manifested,  for 
generations  after  the  life  itself  has  ended.  Indelibly  imprinted  on  the  business, 
civic  and  social  growth  of  British  Columbia  is  the  progressive,  stalwart  character 
of  the  older  business  men,  that  intrepid  band  of  hardy  pioneers  who  bravely 
endured  countless  privations,  carried  civilization  further  westward  and  laid  so 
well  on  the  Pacific  slope,  the  foundation  of  this,  destined  to  be,  greatest  of  the 
Canadian  provinces. 

Of  all  the  various  nationalities  represented  in  the  cosmopolitan  growth  of 
British  Columbia  none  has  left  its  imprint  for  general  good,  beneficent  laws  and 
upright  living,  more  clearly  defined  than  has  the  sturdy  Scot.  Prominent  among 
the  latter  is  the  family  of  which  the  subject  of  this  sketch  is  the  head. 

James  Macaulay  was  born  at  Colombo,  Ceylon,  on  the  loth  day  of  January, 
1853,  a  son  of  Daniel  and  Mary  (McFarlane)  Macaulay,  residents  of  Glasgow, 
Scotland,  to  which  city  they  later  returned.  The  father  died  when  James  was 
but  fourteen  years  of  age  and  nine  years  later  the  mother  passed  from  earth. 
They  were  the  parents  of  two  children.  By  the  death  of  his  father  the  imme- 
diate need  of  self-support  was  forced  upon  James  Macaulay  and  he  entered  the  em- 
ploy of  Hewitt  &  Wingate,  calico  printers  with  whom  he  began  learning  the  busi- 
ness of  calico  printing,  beginning  to  work  in  December,  1867,  at  their  Glasgow 
plant.  His  first  compensation  was  but  ten  pounds  per  year,  a  sum  quite  in  contrast 
with  the  pay  of  the  youth  of  today.  At  the  end  of  seven  years,  having  proved 
proficient  at  the  work,  he  was  transferred  to  Manchester,  England,  where  the 
company  had  a  branch  business.  After  some  time  in  Manchester  he  left  the 
employ  of  Hewitt  &  Wingate  and  became  connected  with  the  firm  of  George  & 
R.  Dewhurst,  extensive  manufacturers  and  exporters,  and  remained  with  them 
until  August,  1882.  On  August  loth  of  that  year  he  sailed  for  the  new  world 
with  a  party  of  nine  acquaintances.  Landing  at  Montreal  they  came,  via  Detroit, 
Chicago  and  St.  Paul,  to  Winnipeg.  The  little  band  of  friends  soon  moved  on 
to  Brandon,  Manitoba,  where  each  took  up  a  homestead  some  distance  south  of 
the  town  of  Whitewood.  Not  long  after  arriving  there  Mr.  Macaulay,  with 
several  others,  formed  a  partnership  to  conduct  a  general  merchandise  business 
under  the  name  of  Charles  Marshallsay  &  Company,  but  as  the  severe  Manitoba 
weather  had  come  on,  they  could  not  successfully  start  the  business  and,  resolving 
to  await  the  coming  of  spring,  they  returned  to  Brandon. 

The  need  of  money  was  ever  present  and  Mr.  Macaulay,  with  his  natural 
resourcefulness  and  keenness  to  see  and  grasp  an  opportunity,  earned  his  first 
money  in  Canada  by  compiling  and  publishing  a  directory  of  Brandon,  the  first 
it  had  ever  had.  The  venture  was  a  success  for  the  people  welcomed  the  new 
publication  and  readily  purchased  it.  A  copy  of  this  book  is  still  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Mr.  Macaulay,  there  being  few,  if  any,  other  copies  in  existence,  and  a 
glance  at  its  pages  shows  many  names  of  the  then  Brandon  citizens  who  are 


170  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

today  prominent  business  men  of  Vancouver.  The  following  spring  he  returned 
to  Whitewood  where,  with  his  partners,  he  established  the  general  store  and  the 
business  was  successfully  conducted  until  1890. 

A  series  of  bad  years  and  general  crop  failures  had  fallen  upon  that  section 
of  Canada  which  prompted  a  desire  to  cross  the  mountains  into  the  newer,  milder 
and  much  talked  of  country  of  British  Columbia  and  Mr.  Macaulay  reached 
Vancouver  in  1890.  Immediately  after  his  arrival  here  he  engaged  in  the  whole- 
sale provision  and  general  commission  business  in  partnership  with  W.  E.  Knowl- 
er  under  the  firm  name  of  Knowler  &  Macaulay  which  association  has  con- 
tinued uninterruptedly  to  the  present  time.  It  may  be  remarked  that  this  is  the 
only  firm  in  Vancouver,  engaged  in  that  line  of  business,  that  has,  at  this  date, 
1913,  been  so  long  continued  without  change.  The  business  changed  in  some 
details  and  enlarged,  as  the  years  went  by,  a  feature  dropped  here  and  another 
added  there  until  it  has  expanded  into  the  big  business  of  today.  The  firm 
became  contractors  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  under  the  name  of  Knowler 
&  Macaulay  C.  P.  R.  Boarding  Masters  and  they  supply  the  equipment  and  cooked 
foods  for  the  maintenance  of  the  gangs  of  laborers  along  the  line  of  road.  At 
the  present  time  this  branch  of  their  business  employs  more  than  one  hundred 
stewards  and  cooks.  They  maintain  offices  at  Nelson  and  Revelstoke  as  well 
as  at  Vancouver.  Of  the  original  wholesale  grocery  and  candy  business  there 
now  remains  but  the  agency  for  the  wholesale  handling  and  distribution  for  all 
of  British  Columbia  of  the  high-class  chocolates  of  Ganong  Brothers,  of  St. 
Stephens,  New  Brunswick,  in  which  small  town  the  latter  firm  has  a  large  factory. 

Mr.  Macaulay  was  united  in  marriage  at  Cheshire,  England,  with  Miss 
Catherine  Higginbottom,  a  daughter  of  Bradford  Higginbottom  of  the  Stines 
Printing  Company  of  England.  Of  this  union  but  one  child,  a  daughter,  Dorothy, 
has  been  born. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Macaulay  have  both  been  active  in  the  upbuilding  of  British 
Columbia,  not  only  along  business  lines,  but  as  well  in  those  things  which  have 
made  for  the  social  and  physical  uplift  of  the  community  and  the  advancement 
of  art  and  science.  Mrs.  Macaulay  has  been  an  earnest  and  constant  worker  in 
the  various  women's  societies  of  the  province  and  Mr.  Macaulay,  while  active 
with  the  affairs  of  business,  has  always  extended  his  sympathy,  encouragement 
and  aid  to  the  various  causes  in  which  she  may  have  been  laboring.  The  moan 
of  the  sick  and  the  plaintive  cry  of  the  orphan  always  found  a  responsive  chord 
in  their  hearts  and  Mrs.  Macaulay  may  be  mentioned  as  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  Victorian  Order  of  Nurses  and  the  present  president  of  that  society,  in  the 
work  of  which  she  is  ably  assisted  by  her  daughter,  Dorothy.  She  has  also  been 
one  of  the  directors  of  the  Alexandra  Orphanage  since  its  inception.  She  is 
vice  president  of  the  National  Council  of  Women  for  British  Columbia,  is  greatly 
interested  in  the  Needlework  Guild  and  has  been  a  member  of  the  board  of  the 
Art  Historical  Society  since  its  organization. 

Mr.  Macaulay  is  a  lover  of  home  and  home  life.  He  belongs  to  no  clubs,  his 
evenings  are  spent  by  his  own  fireside  with  his  loved  ones.  A  member  of  the 
Congregational  church,  his  influence  has  always  been  on  the  side  of  better  morals, 
better  laws  and  a  better  people.  Such  lives  may  be  called  successful  for  success 
is  not  measured  alone  by  the  balance  of  a  ledger  but  by  the  example  which  lives 
and  puts  its  imprint  on  the  generations  yet  to  be. 


THOMAS  ELLIS  LADNER. 

A  detailed  record  of  the  life  of  Thomas  Ellis  Ladner  would  present  an  accur- 
ate and  comprehensive  picture  of  many  phases  of  pioneer  life  in  the  west,  for  he 
has  been  closely  associated  with  the  development,  improvement  and  transforma- 
tion of  this  section  of  the  country  from  early  pioneer  times.  He  has  now  reached 
the  ripe  old  age  of  seventy-seven  years  but  is  still  hale  and  active  and  relates  in 


THOMAS  E.  LADNER 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  173 

interesting  manner  many  anecdotes  of  the  early  days.  He  was  born  at  Trenant 
Park,  Cornwall,  England,  September  8,  1836,  a  son  of  Edward  and  Sarah  (Ellis) 
Ladner,  who  were  also  natives  of  Cornwall.  The  father  was  a  farmer  by  occupa- 
tion and  in  1847  came  to  America  with  his  eldest  son,  William  H.  Ladner,  and 
a  daughter.  They  made  their  way  to  the  state  of  Wisconsin,  where  the  father 
spent  his  remaining  days.  In  1851  the  son  William  returned  to  England  to  bring 
over  the  mother  and  remainder  of  the  family.  Owing  to  a  condition  of  English 
law  which  would  prevent  the  wife  and  mother  drawing  an  annuity  which  was  hers 
and  which  she  would  lose  by  leaving  England,  she  decided  to  remain  for  a  time, 
while  the  sons,  William  and  Thomas,  started  for  America.  There  were  six  chil- 
dren in  the  family  and  the  others  were :  Mrs.  Hugh  Phillips,  of  Mineral  Point, 
Wisconsin;  Mrs.  W.  J.  Armstrong,  of  New  Westminster;  and  Mrs.  James  Phil- 
lips, deceased ;  and  Salina,  deceased.  The  brother  William,  who  for  many  years 
resided  at  Ladner,  has  also  passed  away. 

The  two  brothers,  William  and  Thomas  Ladner,  started  with  a  party  of  emi- 
grants from  Wisconsin  across  the  plains,  making  the  journey  with  ox  teams  and 
prairie  schooners,  the  trip  covering  the  period  from  March  to  September,  1852. 
The  Indians  occasioned  them  considerable  trouble  by  stealing  all  of  their  stock- 
save  their  horses.  Other  emigrants  met  them  en  route,  joined  the  party  and 
trailed  the  Indians  to  the  Platte  river  in  western  Nebraska,  where  they  found  the 
stock,  while  the  Indians  fled.  The  city  of  Omaha,  Nebraska,  was  then  but  a 
Catholic  mission.  There  was  so  much  traffic  for  the  ferry  at  that  point  that  they 
waited  a  month  for  their  turn  to  cross  the  Missouri  river  and  when  they  had 
reached  the  other  side  they  found  an  Indian  with  a  pole  across  the  road,  collect- 
ing five  dollars  from  each  party  for  the  privilege  of  letting  them  pass  through 
his  country.  The  journey  was  resumed  and  at  length  they  arrived  at  Salt  Lake 
City,  where  they  remained  for  eleven  days  to  recruit,  camping  out  eleven  miles 
from  the  city.  While  there  they  helped  the  Mormon  farmers  to  put  up  their  grain, 
for  which  service  they  would  not  receive  pay,  but  instead  were  given  a  ball  and 
entertainment.  They  then  pressed  on  to  the  coast.  Mr.  Ladner  and  his  brother 
engaged  in  mining  in  Grass  Valley,  California,  with  good  results,  remaining  there 
until  gold  was  discovered  on  the  Eraser  river  in  British  Columbia,  at  which  time 
they  came  to  the  province.  This  was  in  1858.  They  remained  at  Fort  Hope  for  a 
time  and  in  1861  secured  a  pack  train  of  mules  and  packed  goods  for  the  miners 
at  Cariboo  in  that  and  the  following  year.  It  took  two  days  to  make  the  trip  from 
Yale  to  North  Bend,  a  distance  of  twenty  miles  over  the  mountains.  The  gov- 
ernment then  built  a  mule  trail  through  the  canyon  and  later  a  wagon  road  and 
erected  the  suspension  bridge  at  Chapman  Bar,  near  Spuzzum.  At  length  the 
brothers  sold  their  pack  trains  and  went  to  the  delta  of  the  Eraser,  settling  about 
six  miles  above  the  mouth  of  the  river,  where  they  began  farming.  There  was  not 
an  inhabitant  of  that  district  up  to  that  time,  the  Ladners  being  the  first  white  set- 
tlers in  that  region.  Every  evidence  of  pioneer  life  was  to  be  found  there,  the 
country  being  entirely  wild  and  undeveloped.  John  Clute,  a  well  known  resident 
of  New  Westminster,  would  jokingly  tell  that  "the  sturgeon  used  to  come  up  into 
the  fields  and  eat  the  cabbage."  The  brothers  engaged  in  farming  in  pioneer  times, 
there  carrying  on  agricultural  pursuits  extensively  as  time  passed  on,  having 
acquired  twelve  hundred  acres  of  prairie  land  and  upon  this  place  Mr.  Ladner 
had  large  herds  of  thoroughbred  cattle,  which  he  imported  into  this  country  from 
Oregon.  Eventually,  however,  Mr.  Ladner  became  interested  in  the  fish  canning 
business.  As  settlement  was  made  in  the  district,  attention  of  enterprising  men 
was  drawn  to  the  fact  that  a  profitable  business  of  that  kind  might  be  conducted 
and  canneries  were  established  on  the  Eraser  river,  on  the  Skeena  river  and  also  on 
Rivers  Inlet.  The  first  cannery  on  the  lower  Eraser  river  was  built  at  Ladner 
by  the  Delta  Canning  Company,  of  which  Mr.  Ladner  was  the  owner.  Later  the 
company  acquired  the  Harlock,  Standard,  Wellington,  Laidlaw,  and  three  other 
fisheries,  all  of  which  were  merged  into  one  company,  which  afterward  became 
The  Victoria  Canning  Company,  of  which  Mr.  Ladner  was  general  manager,  oper- 
ating all  the  canneries.  It  was  in  1887  that  he  entered  into  partnership  with  J.  A. 


174  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Laidlaw,  Donald  Chisholm,  Frank  Page  and  Joseph  Lyon,  all  now  deceased,  to 
build  the  Delta  cannery  at  Ladner's  Landing,  now  called  Ladner.  This  was  the 
first  important  cannery  below  New  Westminster  and  had  a  capacity  of  thirty 
thousand  cases  of  salmon  per  season.  He  also  became  a  partner  with  F.  Page 
and  others  in  the  purchase  of  the  cannery  of  the  Wellington  Packing  Company 
at  Canoe  Pass  on  the  Fraser  river,  of  which  he  was  made  manager  and  which  had 
a  capacity  of  twenty-five  thousand  cases  per  season.  For  a  long  period  Mr.  Lad- 
ner figured  prominently  in  connection  with  the  canning  industry.  The  business 
done  amounted  to  several  million  dollars  annually.  At  one  time  while  he  was 
manager  of  the  Delta,  cannery  he  had  seventy-five  thousand  salmon  on  the  dock 
and  in  scows  as  a  single  night's  catch.  In  those  days  the  work  of  handling  and 
preserving  was  all  done  by  hand,  for  the  "iron  chink  had  not  yet  been  invented. 
To  preserve  this  unusual  catch,  they  had  to  be  partly  salted.  He  hired  every  avail- 
able thing  into  which  to  pack  them,  even  getting  Indian  canoes.  The  great  catches 
of  salmon  of  those  early  days  are  seen  no  more,  as  the  modern  traps  are  depleting 
the  supply,  and  unless  prompt  action  is  taken,  the  salmon  in  the  Fraser  will  be  like 
the  buffalo — extinct.  When  the  amalgamation  of  the  canneries  into  the  British 
Columbia  Packers  Association  was  consummated,  Mr.  Ladner  withdrew  from  the 
business,  on  account  of  ill  health  and  had  to  retire,  and  for  fifteen  years  he  was  a 
sufferer,  when  an  operation  eventually  restored  him  to  health.  He  has  been  inter- 
ested in  many  other  industries,  throughout  British  Columbia  aside  from  canning 
and  from  agricultural  pursuits.  He  is  a  director  in  the  British  Columbia  Life  In- 
surance Company  and  now  its  vice  president.  He  is  also  president  of  the  Ladner 
Trust  &  Investment  Company ;  a  director  of  the  Coast  Shale  Brick  Company ;  and 
president  of  Lantzius  &  Ladner,  Limited,  wholesale  importers  and  exporters. 

In  1865  Mr.  Ladner  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Edna  Booth,  a  daughter  of 
William  Booth,  Esq.,  of  Victoria.  Mrs.  Ladner  passed  away  in  January,  1882. 
They  became  the  parents  of  three  children:  Mary,  the  widow  of  Frank  L.  Lord, 
of  Vancouver;  Edward,  of  Ladner;  and  Thomas  Ellis,  of  Vancouver.  In  1884 
Mr.  Ladner  wedded  Miss  Minnie  E.  Parr,  a  daughter  of  William  Johnson  Parr, 
of  Los  Gatos,  California,  and  of  this  marriage  were  born  three  children :  Leon  J., 
a  barrister  and  solicitor  of  Vancouver,  practicing  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Lad- 
ner &  Cantalon;  Alice  P.,  the  wife  of  Dr.  G.  C.  Draeseke,  of  Vancouver;  and  Vio- 
let, the  wife  of  Dr.  S.  B.  Peele,  of  Vancouver.  There  is  also  an  adopted  daughter, 
Pearl,  who  has  made  her  home  with  them  from  infancy. 

Mr.  Ladner  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  views,  supporting  the  men  and 
measures  of  the  party  through  the  exercise  of  his  right  of  franchise,  but  he  never 
seeks  office.  He  is  a  man  five  feet  and  eight  inches  in  height  and  his  weight  is  about 
one  hundred  and  eighty  pounds.  He  is  fond  of  riding,  driving  and  fishing,  which 
constitute  his  principal  sources  of  recreation.  He  gave  evidence  of  his  patriotic 
spirit  by  serving  as  lieutenant  of  the  home  guards  in  New  Westminster  during  the 
Fenian  raid.  The  west  knows  him  as  one  of  its  worthy  and  honored  pioneer  set- 
tlers and  one  who  has  taken  active  and  helpful  part  in  promoting  public  progress, 
especially  along  the  line  of  material  development.  He  has  lived  to  see  remarkable 
changes  in  this  section  of  the  country  as  pioneer  conditions  have  given  way  before 
advancing  civilization,  and  his  name  is  inseparably  linked  with  the  history  of  this 
region. 

A.  EDWARD  TULK. 

A.  Edward  Tulk,  barrister  and  capitalist,  and  having  extensive  commercial  in- 
terests in  Vancouver  and  throughout  British  Columbia,  and  who  is  also  widely 
known  in  connection  with  the  leading  sports  which  most  engross  public  interest, 
has  had  a  most  interesting  and  successful  career. 

Born  in  Hamilton,  Ontario,  on  Christmas,  December  25,  1879,  second  son 
of  John  J.  and  Mary  Margaret  (McAndrew)  Tulk,  natives  of  England  and 


A.  EDWARD  TULK 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  177 

Ontario  respectively,  Mr.  Tulk  at  the  usual  age  became  a  pupil  in  the  public 
schools  of  Hamilton,  passing  through  the  consecutive  grades  until  he  became  a 
high-school  student,  having  the  option  of  a  collegiate  institute  training  or  enter- 
ing upon  the  commercial  course  instituted  by  the  provincial  government  of  On- 
tario. Mr.  Tulk  selected  the  latter,  and  in  1891,  at  the  age  of  twelve  years, 
received  the  highest  diploma  for  general  proficiency  in  commercial  training. 

The  next  two  years  were  spent  by  Mr.  Tulk  in  the  office  of  the  Standard  Life 
Assurance  Company,  and  the  following  five  years  in  the  grocery  and  liquor 
firm  of  the  Charles  Bremner  Company. 

In  the  spring  of  1898  Mr.  Tulk  became  identified  with  Vancouver  and  Brit- 
ish Columbia,  engaging  in  general  trading  on  Stikine  river  and  in  the  Cassiar 
district  in  the  northern  part  of  the  province,  first  in  Glenora  under  the  firm  name 
of  Curtis  &  Tulk,  which  was  succeeded  by  Tulk  &  Forrest  and  in  Telegraph 
Creek  in  the  winter  of  1899,  and  in  the  spring  of  1899  we  find  Mr.  Tulk  the  only 
member  of  his  firm. 

In  the  summer  of  1899  Mr  Tulk  purchased  the  controlling  interest  in  the 
Excelsior  Steam  Laundry  in  Vancouver,  disposing  of  this  interest  in  the  fall. 
On  November  i,  1899,  he  organized  the  Gold  Seal  Liquor  Company,  Limited, 
becoming  president  of  that  and  associated  companies  engaged  in  a  general  im- 
portation and  distribution  of  the  products  of  Great  Britain,  France,  Germany, 
Italy  and  California,  building  up  and  conducting  one  of  the  most  extensive  dis- 
tributing businesses  in  Canada. 

Retiring  from  the  management  and  control  of  his  commercial  interests  in 
June,  1907,  in  Vancouver  Mr.  Tulk  passed  the  matriculation  examination  of 
McGill  University,  and  in  September  of  the  same  year  in  Montreal  became  a 
student  in  law,  graduating  with  first-class  honors  as  a  Bachelor  of  Civil  Law  in 
April,  1910.  In  the  fall  of  1907  Mr.  Tulk  was  articled  to  and  entered  the  office 
of  Hon.  C.  J.  Doherty,  K.  C.,  M.  P.,  now  Dominion  minister  of  justice,  where 
he  remained  three  years,  and  during  which  time  in  April,  1910,  at  Quebec  city 
he  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law  in  the  courts  of  the  province  of  Quebec. 
Returning  to  Vancouver  in  March,  1911,  Mr.  Tulk  passed  the  British  Columbia 
provincial  examinations  and  was  called  to  the  bar  and  admitted  as  solicitor  of 
the  supreme  court,  rapidly  acquiring  an  extensive  practice  and  demonstrating 
his  vast  commercial  experience  in  his  handling  of  some  important  civil  cases 
wherein  a  wide  knowledge  of  commercial  law  was  essential.  The  following  year 
Mr.  Tulk  became  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Henderson,  Tulk  &  Bray. 

Mr.  Tulk  has  many  claims  upon  his  time  and  energies,  being  a  director  and 
large  shareholder  in  the  Graham  Island  Settlement  Company,  Limited,  who  own 
twenty  thousand  acres  on  Graham  island,  and  who  for  the  past  two  years  have 
been  actively  engaged  in  developing  and  colonizing  the  tract.  Mr.  Tulk  is  also 
a  director  of  a  large  number  of  commercial  and  financial  corporations,  as  well 
as  a  large  realty  holder  of  central  business  property,  and  enjoys  the  unique  ex- 
perience of  never  yet  having  sold  any  property  which  he  has  purchased,  and  in- 
vestments having  been  judiciously  made,  his  property  holdings  are  continually 
increasing  in  value. 

Associated  with  Harold  C.  Clarke,  A.  J.  Mayo  and  Fred  Schofield,  Mr.  Tulk 
organized  and  operated  the  first  independent  league  base  ball  in  Vancouver,  and 
built  the  first  base  ball  park  in  this  city,  the  old  Powell  Street  grounds,  which 
were  acquired  by  the  city  for  city  park  purposes.  When  Vancouver  took  over 
these  grounds,  Mr.  Tulk  obtained  a  franchise  in  the  North  Western  League,  and 
associated  with  Messrs.  W.  H.  Armstrong,  C.  M.  Marpole,  George  E.  MacDon- 
ald,  W.  D.  Haywood  and  others  and  built  and  operated  Recreation  Park  on  Homer 
street,  which  will  be  remembered  by  players  and  fans  of  all  sports  for  many 
years  to  come.  This  land  has  just  been  taken  back  by  the  Canadian  Pacific  Rail- 
way Company  and  is  being  cut  up  and  sold  for  warehouse  sites.  Mr.  Tulk  has 
always  been  active  in  lacrosse  and  football,  and  was  vice  president  of  the  West- 
End  Lacrosse  Club  for  many  years.  He  was  also  the  founder  and  organizer  of 


178  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 


the  present  Vancouver  Athletic  Club,  was  vice  president  on  its  first  board,  and 
was  a  director  for  many  years. 

In  June,  1902,  Mr.  Tulk  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Marie  Josephine 
Nett  of  Hamilton,  Ontario,  and  they  have  one  son,  Alexander  Edward. 

In  politics  Mr.  Tulk  is  a  stanch  conservative  and  very  active  in  the  ranks  of 
the  party.  Being  a  young  man  and  possessing  in  a  marked  degree  that  splendid 
foresight  and  skilful  diplomacy  which  make  for  thorough,  broad  statesmanship, 
Mr.  Tulk  will,  in  all  probability,  find  in  the  political  arena  a  still  wider  scope 
for  his  talents.  Mr.  Tulk  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order,  and  also  of 
the  Loyal  Orange  Association.  That  he  is  appreciative  of  the  social  amenities 
of  life  is  indicated  in  his  memberships  in  the  University  Club,  the  Terminal  City 
Club  and  the  Commercial  Club.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England. 

Mr.  Tulk  is  one  of  a  group  of  remarkable  and  notable  men  who  are  help- 
ing to  build  up  Vancouver  and  who  are  leaving  their  impress  upon  it.  Mr.  Tulk's 
hospitality  is  proverbial  and  he  is  generous  to  a  fault.  No  one  who  goes  to  him 
for  assistance  is  ever  turned  away  disappointed — he  is  scrupulously  honest  and 
upright,  is  a  devoted  friend,  and  possesses  social  qualities  of  a  rare  type  which 
render  him  an  exceedingly  enjoyable  companion.  Mr.  Tulk  has  the  reputation 
of  being  an  excellent  speaker  and  keen  debater,  and  beneath  a  serene  countenance 
and  patient  temperament  he  has  a  wonderful  gift  of  organization  and  magnetic 
influence  which  has  crowned  his  life  with  successful  accomplishments.  He  is 
possessed  of  the  typical  western  spirit  of  progress  and  enterprise,  but  has  never 
regarded  business  as  the  sole  end  and  aim  of  existence,  but  rather  as  an  important 
feature  of  a  life  which  has  also  been  devoted  to  various  other  affairs,  which  con- 
stitute important  elements  in  the  life  and  activity  of  a  nation. 


SAMUEL  JOHN  CASTLEMAN. 

Samuel  John  Castleman,  financial  and  mining  broker,  has  been  engaged  in  his 
present  business  in  Vancouver  since  1905.  Since  his  school  days  he  has  made 
continuous  progress  and  each  forward  step  in  his  career  has  brought  him  a  broader 
outlook  and  wider  opportunities.  He  early  recognized  the  fact  that  industry  and 
determination  spell  success  and  in  the  cultivation  and  utilization  of  those  qualities 
he  has  gained  the  creditable  position  that  he  now  fills  in  the  business  circles  of  his 
adopted  city.  He  is  of  Canadian  birth,  having  first  opened  his  eyes  to  the  light 
of  day  at  Dickinsons  Landing,  Ontario,  October  16,  1866.  His  parents  were 
Ralph  A.  and  Caroline  Elizabeth  (Hanes)  Castleman.  The  father  was  one  of  the 
pioneers  of  eastern  Ontario  and  the  town  of  Casselman  was  founded  by  his  family. 
The  son  pursued  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Stormont  county,  Ontario, 
and  in  the  Ottawa  Business  College  in  the  city  of  Ottawa.  On  leaving  school  in  1884 
he  was  taken  into  partnership  by  his  father,  who  was  then  operating  a  large  lum- 
ber and  milling  business,  the  firm  being  styled  R.  A.  Castleman  &  Son.  That 
partnership  continued  until  1887,  when  Mr.  Castleman  engaged  in  the  brick  and 
tile  manufacturing  business,  in  which  he  remained  until  1894.  He  then  joined 
the  accounting  staff  of  the  Canada-Atlantic  Railway  and  was  accountant  and 
cashier  with  that  company  for  ten  years.  In  1905  he  came  to  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia,  and  engaged  in  his  present  business,  handling  mining  properties  and 
stocks.  He  is  thoroughly  conversant  concerning  the  value  of  commercial  paper,  and 
his  comprehensive  knowledge  enables  him  to  so  place  investments  for  his  clients 
that  excellent  returns  are  secured.  He  has  himself  been  a  large  and  judicious  inves- 
tor in  mining  properties,  bank  paper  and  other  stocks,  and  has  large  holdings  in 
British  Columbia.  In  fact  he  is  extensively  connected  with  corporate  interests 
and  is  past  president  of  the  Kitsilano  Improvement  Association ;  the  promoter  of 
the  Irkeda  Mines,  Limited,  and  the  Island  Valley  Railway  Company;  a  director 
in  the  Amalgamated  Gold  Mines  of  British  Columbia,  and  vice  president  of  the 


SAMUEL  J.  CASTLEMAN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  181 

Grand  Trunk  Lands  Company,  Ltd.  His  judgment  is  sound;  his  discrimination 
keen,  and  his  business  activity  always  follows  careful  consideration  of  the  different 
points  of  the  questions  at  issue. 

On  the  8th  of  March,  1893,  m  Ottawa,  Ontario,  Mr.  Castleman  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Jean  Elizabeth  Cameron,  a  daughter  of  a  prominent  family  of 
Pembroke,  Ontario.  They  have  two  children,  Gordon  and  Gladys.  Mr.  Castle- 
man has  ever  been  interested  in  matters  of  public  moment  and  has  cooperated 
in  various  projects  which  have  resulted  beneficially  to  the  communities  in  which 
he  has  lived.  While  residing  at  Casselman,  Ontario,  he  served  as  school  trustee 
from  1888  until  1890  and  was  councilor  there  from  1891  until  1893.  His  political 
allegiance  has  always  been  given  to  the  liberal  party,  and  his  religious  faith  is 
that  of  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  is  a  Scottish  Rite  Mason  and  he  belongs  to 
the  Terminal  City,  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  and  the  Vancouver  Athletic  Clubs. 
He  is  interested  in  marine  sports  and  derives  considerable  pleasure  from  motor- 
boating.  Progress  has  been  the  keynote  of  his  character,  and  throughout  the 
years  since  he  completed  his  education  he  has  continuously  advanced,  winning 
his  success  through  the  utilization  of  measures  and  methods  which  neither  seek 
nor  require  disguise. 


FINLEY  ROBERT  .McDONALD  RUSSELL. 

Finley  Robert  McDonald  Russell,  barrister  of  Vancouver  and  one  who  is 
equally  well  known  in  connection  with  benevolent  work  and  also  in  social  and 
athletic  circles  of  the  city,  was  born  at  Newcastle,  New  Brunswick,  October  13, 
1870,  a  son  of  Matthew  and  Sarah  (Ingram)  Russell,  both  of  whom  were  natives 
of  New  Brunswick.  The  father  was  engaged  in  the  manufacturing  business, 
was  interested  in  steamboat  lines  and  had  various  other  business  connections 
which  made  him  a  prominent  factor  in  connection  with  public  interests  of  New- 
castle, where  his  entire  life  was  passed.  His  death  there  occurred  in  1908  and 
his  widow  now  resides  in  Victoria,  British  Columbia. 

In  the  attainment  of  his  education  Finley  Robert  McDonald  Russell  attended 
Harkin's  Academy  at  Newcastle  and  later  was  employed  by  his  father  until  he 
reached  the  age  of  nineteen  years.  In  1889  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  in  the 
fall  of  that  year  was  articled  to  his  elder  brother,  J.  A.  Russell,  a  barrister  of 
this  city.  In  1896  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  and  entered 
upon  active  practice  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Russell  &  Russell,  remaining  in 
association  with  his  brother  in  the  practice  of  the  profession  until  January  i, 
I9I3>  when  he  became  senior  partner  in  the  firms  of  Russell,  Macdonald  & 
Hancox  and  Russell,  Mowat,  Hancox  &  Farris.  His  practice  is  now  large  and 
of  an  important  character,  connecting  him  with  much  notable  litigation.  His 
knowledge  of  the  principles  of  jurisprudence  is  comprehensive  and  exact  and  he 
is  seldom  if  ever  at  fault  in  their  application. 

In  Acton,  Ontario,  in  1898,  Mr.  Russell  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Agnes 
Isabel  Macpherson,  a  daughter  of  the  late  Archibald  Macpherson,  who  was  a 
prominent  educator  in  Gait,  Ontario.  They  have  four  children,  Alan  Macpher- 
son, Hugh  McLaren,  Isabel  Macpherson  and  Jean  Macpherson.  The  parents 
are  adherents  of  St.  John's  Presbyterian  church.  In  politics  Mr.  Russell  is  a 
liberal,  working  untiringly  in  the  interests  of  his  party  yet  never  seeking  office, 
and  he  is  a  director  of  The  Sun,  the  liberal  organ  of  Vancouver.  He  is  a  past 
master  of  Western  Gate  Lodge,  No.  48,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  has  taken  the  degrees  of 
the  Royal  Arch  Chapter  and  has  attained  the  thirty-second  degree  of  the  Scottish 
Rite.  He  is  ever  loyal  to  the  benevolent  principles  of  the  fraternity  which  is 
based  upon  mutual  helpfulness  and  brotherly  kindness  and  he  is  interested  in 
various  charitable  and  humanitarian  projects,  being  a  life  governor  of  the  Van- 
couver General  Hospital  and  for  years  was  a  director  of  the  Children's  Aid 
Society.  His  name  is  also  a  familiar  one  in  athletic  and  club  circles.  He  was 


182  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

the  first  president  elected  to  office  at  the  organization  of  the  Vancouver  Athletic 
Club,  of  which  he  is  a  life  member,  and  served  for  four  years  in  the  presidency. 
He  was  also  for  a  rwimber  of  years  the  vice  president  of  the  Vancouver  Rowing 
Club  and  in  1913  was  elected  president  of  the  North  Pacific  Association  of  Ama- 
teur Oarsmen,  which  is  made  up  of  clubs  from  Vancouver,  Victoria,  Portland 
and  Seattle.  The  association  has  held  a  regetta  every  year  for  the  past  twenty 
years  and  that  for  1913  will  be  held  in  Vancouver.  Mr.  Russell  is  now  serving 
for  a  second  term  as  president  of  the  association  and  he  is  a  past  president  of 
the  Vancouver  Auto  Club.  He  is  also  solicitor  for  the  Vancouver  Horse  Show 
Association  and  the  vice  president  for  British  Columbia  of  the  Pacific  Highway 
Association,  under  whose  auspices  the  Mexico-Alaskan  highway  is  being  con- 
structed. The  Brocton  Point  Athletic  Club  numbers  him  among  its  directors 
and  he  belongs  also  to  the  Vancouver,  Vancouver  Hunt,  Commercial,  Jericho 
Country,  Vancouver  Tennis,  Shaughnessy  Heights  and  Vancouver  Golf  and 
Country  Clubs.  His  interests  are  wide  and  varied.  His  social  qualities  make 
him  popular  in  the  different  organizations  with  which  he  is  connected  and  yet  he 
never  allows  club  affairs  to  interfere  with  his  professional  duties  and  his  devo- 
tion to  his  clients'  interests  has  become  proverbial. 


GORDON  DRYSDALE. 

Under  the  style  of  Gordon  Drysdale,  Limited,  is  conducted  the  leading  retail 
dry-goods  house  of  Vancouver.  It  is  the  Marshall  Field  establishment  of  this 
city,  setting  the  standard  for  similar  enterprises,  and  its  steady  growth  results 
from  progressive  methods  that  introduce  all  that  is  novel  and  attractive  in  the 
line  of  goods  handled.  Gordon  Drysdale  has  notable  ability  in  coordinating 
forces  and  combining  seemingly  diverse  elements  into  a  unified  and  harmonious 
whole,  and  possesses  in  large  measure  the  genius  for  devising  and  executing  the 
right  thing  at  the  right  time. 

A  native  of  Colchester,  Nova  Scotia,  he  was  born  April  8,  1859,  a  son  of 
George  and  Margaret  (Shearer)  Drysdale.  The  paternal  grandfather  came 
from  Scotland  and  settled  in  Tatamagouche  mountain  district  of  Colchester 
county,  Nova  Scotia,  where  he  engaged  in  farming.  His  son,  George  Drysdale, 
was  born  and  reared  on  his  father's  farm  in  Colchester  county,  and  on  reach- 
ing his  maturity  began  farming  on  his  own  account,  following  that  occupation 
until  his  death.  His  wife,  Margaret  Shearer,  was  also  descended  from  a  Scotch 
family  that  settled  in  Colchester  county. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  county  Gordon  Drysdale  pursued  his  edu- 
cation and  in  1874,  when  a  youth  of  fifteen  years,  was  apprenticed  to  the  mer- 
cantile firm  of  J.  F.  Blanchard  &  Company  at  Truro,  Nova  Scotia,  where  he 
remained  until  1881.  He  was  then  sent  to  New  Glasgow,  Nova  Scotia,  where 
he  managed  a  branch  store  for  the  house  until  1884.  Ambitious,  however,  to  en- 
gage in  business  on  his  own  account,  he  then  began  dealing  in  general  merchandise 
in  partnership  with  his  brother,  Daniel  Drysdale,  under  the  firm  style  of  Drys- 
dale Brothers.  Success  attended  the  new  undertaking  from  the  beginning  and 
after  a  short  time  Mr.  Drysdale  purchased  his  brother's  interest  in  the  business, 
which  he  conducted  alone,  but  under  the  same  style,  until  1892.  The  opportuni- 
ties of  the  growing  west  proved  an  irresistible  attraction  to  him  and  in  that 
year  he  came  to  Vancouver,  purchasing  the  general  mercantile  business  conducted 
by  Haley  &  Sutton  on  Cordova  street.  He  continued  the  business  under  his 
own  name  and  conducted  it  successfully  at  that  location  until  1899,  when  he 
removed  to  larger  quarters  at  the  corner  of  Cambie  and  Cordova  streets,  there 
remaining  until  1903,  when  his  interests  were  amalgamated  with  those  of  Charles 
E.  Stevenson  under  the  firm  name  of  Drysdale-Stevenson,  Ltd.  They  con- 
ducted business  on  Hastings  street  under  that  name  until  1906,  when  the  interest 
of  Mr.  Stevenson  was  purchased  by  David  Spencer,  who  later  in  the  year  also 


GORDON  DRYSDALE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  185 

purchased  the  interest  of  Mr.  Drysdale  and  the  business  became  and  is  still 
conducted  as  David  Spencer,  Ltd.  In  1907,  on  completion  of  the  building  now 
occupied  by  Mr.  Drysdale,  he  again  entered  the  mercantile  field  as  Gordon 
Drysdale,  Limited,  and  so  continues  to  the  present  time.  His  is  the  finest 
exclusive  store  in  Vancouver,  or  in  all  western  Canada,  an  extensive  stock 
of  high-class  goods  being  carried.  The  store  is  most  attractive  in  all  its  equip- 
ments and  appointments  and  courtesy  on  the  part  of  all  employes  is  demanded, 
patrons  receiving  every  possible  attention.  The  company  was  the  first  in  Van- 
couver to  inaugurate  six  o'clock  closing,  and  in  1912  they  introduced  the  plan 
of  closing  on  Saturdays,  during  July  and  August,  at  one  o'clock.  They  are  prac- 
tically the  only  firm  in  the  city  today  who  follow  this  practice  and  have  naturally 
earned  the  thankfulness  of  their  employes,  whose  loyalty  to  the  house  has  been 
greatly  increased  by  this  measure.  The  store  further  enjoys  the  enviable  reputa- 
tion of  employing  only  first-class  help  and  paying  therefor  first-class  salaries. 
The  employes  are  well  treated  and  many  measures  are  undertaken  to  contribute 
to  their  welfare  and  comfort.  The  business  is  a  general  dry-goods,  millinery,  and 
ladies'  and  children's  furnishings  establishment  and  they  also  maintain  a  carpet 
and  draperies  department.  The  fundamental  principle  upon  which  it  is  built 
is  to  treat  the  public  fairly,  and  their  reputation  is  that  their  advertisements  are 
always  strictly  confined  to  statements  of  facts,  and  the  public  accept  these  adver- 
tisements absolutely  for  what  they  say.  It  has  been  the  motto  of  the  firm 
"never  to  misrepresent,"  and  that  such  conduct  is  appreciated  is  evident  from 
their  ever  increasing  patronage.  The  Gordon  Drysdale,  Limited,  in  every 
respect  enjoys  high  confidence  in  the  eyes  of  the  public  and  the  efficient  upbuild- 
ing of  the  organization,  supported  by  the  unswerving  loyalty  of  their  employes, 
is  largely  the  work  of  Gordon  Drysdale,  who  by  his  fair  methods  of  operation 
has  brought  it  to  its  present  success.  It  is  now  a  business  of  mammoth  pro- 
portions and  stands  as  a  monument  to  the  business  ability  and  progressive  meth- 
ods of  the  owner. 

In  politics  Mr.  Drysdale  is  a  liberal  but  not  an  active  party  worker.  On  the 
1st  of  December,  1887,  he  married  Miss  Maria  MacGregor,  a  daughter  of  Robert 
MacGregor,  of  New  Glasglow,  Nova  Scotia,  and  their  children  are  George 
Rudolf,  Janet  Robertson  and  Norman  MacGregor.  Mr.  Drysdale  is  a  mem- 
ber of  no  clubs  or  societies,  preferring  home  life  when  not  occupied  with  the 
cares  of  management  of  an  extensive  business.  Each  step  in  his  career  has 
been  a  forward  one.  He  has  been  watchful  of  all  the  details  of  his  business, 
and  all  indications  pointing  toward  prosperity  from  the  beginning,  and  has  had 
an  abiding  faith  in  the  ultimate  success  of  his  enterprise.  He  has  gained 
prosperity,  yet  that  has  not  been  alone  the  goal  for  which  he  is  striving,  for 
he  belongs  to  that  class  of  representative  Canadian  citizens  who  promote  the 
general  welfare  while  advancing  their  individual  interests. 


JOSEPH    EDWARD    OLIVER. 

In  July,  1880,  following  a  varied  and  eventful  career  as  a  sailor,  adventurer 
and  gold  seeker,  Joseph  Edward  Oliver  settled  in  British  Columbia  and  became 
identified  with  passenger  and  freight  navigation  interests  on  the  Eraser  river 
and  so  continued  for  many  years.  He  died  in  New  Westminster  in  1908  and 
the  community  was  thus  deprived  of  one  of  its  leading  and  representative  citizens 
and  the  province  of  one  of  the  earliest  and  greatest  of  its  pioneers. 

Mr.  Oliver  was  born  in  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  January  i,  1846,  and  was  a  son 
of  John  Oliver,  of  that  city.  In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  he  attended 
public  school  in  London  but  his  advantages  along  this  line  were  limited,  for  while 
he  was  still  in  his  teens  he  went  to  sea,  making  trips  to  China,  Africa,  South 
America,  Norway,  Sweden  and  Russia  and  enduring  many  hardships  and  priva- 
tions incident  to  the  life  and  the  times.  During  the  Civil  war  in  the  United 


186  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

States  he  was  on  a  blockade  runner  and  was  wounded  by  the  bursting  of  a  gun 
on  the  deck  and  was  taken  prisoner.  After  he  was  released  he  worked  his  way 
westward,  running  a  construction  engine  on  the  Central  Pacific  Railway  through 
the  Sierra  Nevada  mountains,  going  as  far  as  Sacramento,  California,  where  he 
worked  on  a  boat  on  the  Sacramento  river,  afterward  making  trips  between  the 
isthmus  of  Panama  and  Portland,  Oregon.  He  was  later  a  member  of  the  crew 
of  a  vessel  which  went  north  with  the  telegraph  cable  and  thus  aided  in  connect- 
ing the  old  world  with  the  new.  After  spending  a  hard  winter  in  the  northern 
United  States  and  Canada  he  went  with  his  vessel  back  to  San  Francisco  and 
from  there  again  went  north  to  New  Westminster,  making  his  first  location  in 
this  city  in  very  early  pioneer  times.  From  here  he  tramped  to  the  Cariboo  gold 
fields,  but  not  meeting  with  success  in  prospecting,  went  to  Moodyville,  settling 
there  about  the  year  1875.  For  a  time  he  worked  in  a  machine  shop,  of  which 
the  late  James  Lockhart  was  master  mechanic  for  the  Moodyville  mills,  and  was 
afterward  employed  in  the  Hastings  mill.  Leaving  Moodyville  about  the  year 
1879,  he  went  to  San  Francisco,  sailing  from  that  point  around  the  Horn  to 
England,  where  in  the  following  year  he  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Wallis.  In 
the  same  year  he  brought  his  bride  to  British  Columbia,  making  his  second  per- 
manent location  in  this  province  in  1880.  He  secured  a  position  as  engineer  on 
the  little  steamer  Maggie,  with  George  Gilley  as  captain,  and  for  several  years 
he  ran  on  small  boats  on  the  Fraser  river.  In  1884  he  shipped  as  engineer  on 
the  first  ferryboat,  the  K.  de  K.,  and  about  one  year  later  held  a  similar  position 
on  the  Gladys,  then  owned  by  the  late  W.  B.  Townsend,  who  sold  her  afterward 
to  the  late  Captain  Power.  Mr.  Oliver  continued  aboard  this  vessel  for  two 
years  and  then  in  company  with  three  others  bought  the  steamer  Telephone  and 
built  up  a  large  and  lucrative  freight  navigation  business  on  the  lower  Fraser 
river,  their  patronage  extending  so  rapidly  that  they  later  built  the  steamer 
Edgar  which  ran  between  the  important  ports  on  the  lower  stream  until  she  was 
burned  in  the  fire  of  1898.  Afterward  the  same  company  bought  the  Ramona, 
but  this  venture  not  proving  successful,  Mr.  Oliver  became  engineer  on  the 
dredge  King  Edward.  This  position  he  held  until  1903,  when  he  retired,  ill 
health  terminating  the  activities  of  an  eventful,  varied  and  useful  career.  He 
died  in  New  Westminster  on  the  I7th  of  May,  1908,  and  in  his  death  the  province 
lost  one  of  the  greatest  individual  forces  in  the  early  organization  and  later 
upbuilding  of  its  inland  navigation  interests. 

Mr.  Oliver  married  in  England,  in  1880,  Miss  Elizabeth  Wallis  and  they 
became  the  parents  of  three  children :  William  Edward  Wallis,  chief  engineer  of 
the  Princess  May;  Mildred  Ruth,  a  stenographer;  and  Isabelle,  who  is  engaged 
in  teaching  school.  The  family  are  members  of  the  Church  of  England  and  are 
well  known  in  New  Westminster,  where  the  name  borne  by  an  upright,  honorable 
and  worthy  man  has  been  well  known  since  pioneer  times. 


REV.  ROBERT  JAMIESON. 

Hand  in  hand  with  the  work  of  material  progress  in  the  development  of  the 
northwest  has  been  found  the  effort  for  the  moral  upbuilding  of  the  province, 
and  thus  it  is  that  high  standards  of  manhood  and  citizenship  have  been  main- 
tained, for  the  people  on  the  whole  are  actuated  by  a  spirit  of  Christian  teach- 
ing which  constitutes  the  guiding  force  in  their  lives.  Among  the  first-  to  sow 
the  seeds  of  Christian  faith  in  the  northwest  was  the  Rev.  Robert  Jamieson,  who 
became  the  pioneer  minister  of  the  Canada  Presbyterian  church  in  British 
Columbia.  He  was  born  in  1829  and  was  therefore  a  young  man  of  twenty-four 
years  when  he  entered  upon  the  active  work  of  the  ministry  at  Belturbet,  Ireland, 
in  1853.  Three  years  later,  or  in  1856,  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  Canada  and 
was  called  to  the  pastorate  of  the  churches  at  Dunville  and  at  York  Mills.  On 
the  loth  of  December,  1861,  at  Knox  church  in  Toronto,  he  was  designated  as 


REV.  ROBERT  JAMIESON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  189 

the  first  missionary  of  his  denomination  to  British  Columbia.  The  work  of 
progress  and  development  seemed  scarcely  begun  in  this  section  of  the  country. 
There  was  no  railroad  connection  with  the  east  and  comparatively  few  steam- 
ships carried  their  passengers  and  their  freight  to  this  section  of  the  new  world. 
Early  in  1862,  however,  the  Rev.  Robert  Jamieson  arrived  in  Victoria,  where  he 
found  the  Rev.  John  Hall,  of  the  Irish  Presbyterian  church,  who  extended  to 
him  a  most  hearty  and  cordial  welcome.  He  proceeded  on  his  way  to  New 
Westminster  and  there  was  most  gladly  and  cordially  welcomed  by  the  Presby- 
terians of  the  district,  who  were  anxious  again  to  hear  the  teachings  of  the 
gospel  according  to  the  tenets  in  which  they  believed.  He  at  once  proceeded 
to  organize  the  congregation  of  St.  Andrew's  and  a  manse  and  a  church  were 
soon  erected,  his  parishioners  subscribing  three  thousand  dollars  to  the  work 
the  first  year.  For  four  years  Mr.  Jamieson  labored  untiringly  in  the  interests 
of  his  congregation  and  of  the  community.  He  not  only  undertook  the  moral 
development  of  the  district  but  also  consented  to  establish  and  conduct  a  school, 
which  was  the  first  one  of  that  locality.  He  obtained  a  grant  of  five  hundred 
dollars  from  the  government  to  supplement  the  fees  and  he  remained  in  charge 
of  the  school  until  he  was  able  to  secure  another  teacher.  One,  writing  of  this 
period  of  his  life,  said :  "It  can  easily  be  imagined  that  a  population  of  adven- 
turous men,  ebbing  and  flowing  almost  with  the  frequency,  but  by  no  means  with 
the  regularity,  of  the  tides,  was  not  the  best  from  which  to  build  up  a  settled 
congregation.  For  many  years  there  was  no  session,  and  the  board  of  man- 
agement was  chosen  from  those  who  could  be  induced  to  serve.  Whether  it 
was  the  patching  of  a  roof  or  the  education  of  the  children — for  the  church 
preceded  the  public  school — the  pastor  was  the  leader,  the  organizer;  often,  as 
in  the  school,  the  worker;  nothing  was  too  laborious  to  be  attempted,  nothing 
too  trivial  to  be  attended  to,  if  it  contributed  to  the  success  of  the  work  he  had 
set  himself  to  do."  After  four  years  spent  in  New  Westminster  Mr.  Jamieson, 
laving  obtained  a  successor  for  the  work  there,  went  to  Nanaimo,  where  he 
again  met  the  experiences  of  the  pioneer  preacher  in  the  establishment  and 
development  of  a  church  at  that  place.  His  efforts  were  crowned  with  notable 
success  at  Nanaimo  during  the  three  years  or  more  of  his  residence  there.  He 
then  returned  to  St.  Andrew's,  heartily  welcomed  by  his  first  parishioners  of 
the  northwest.  Still  his  services  as  a  pioneer  preacher  were  not  ended,  for 
he  traveled  up  and  down  the  Fraser  valley,  establishing  churches  at  Langley, 

laple  Ridge  and  Richmond,  continuing  to  give  to  them  such  aid  as  he  could, 
preaching  for  them  when  opportunity  offered.  Summer  and  winter,  rain  or 
shine,  he  continued  in  this  self-imposed  task,  in  which  connection  it  has  been 

written:  "Three  services  a  day,  with  fifteen  to  twenty  miles  travel  in  a  canoe, 
mder  a  cold,  drizzle,  or  a  scorching  sun,  as  an  interlude,  coupled  with  all  the 
usual  hardships  of  work  in  an  isolated  field,  and  the  special  trial  of  constantly 
facing  the  question  of  duty — to  go  on  where  progress  was  so  slow  or  to  seek  a 
wider  sphere  of  usefulness — small  wonder  if  these  broke  down  a  constitution 
never  robust,  so  that  Mr.  Jamieson  found  himself  an  old  man  before  his  fiftieth 
fear!"  Soon  after  the  Confederation  in  1871  the  condition  of  the  church  as 
well  as  of  the  country  improved,  for  the  Church  of  Scotland  took  up  the  work 
in  the  province  and  Mr.  Jamieson  then  concentrated  his  efforts  upon  the  church 
)f  St.  Andrew's  in  New  Westminster.  When  a  controversy  arose  concerning 
the  route  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  many  of  the  new  ministers  who  had 
)een  sent  to  the  west  left  the  province  and  again  Mr.  Jamieson  continued  his 
efforts  almost  alone.  There  is  no  one  man  to  whom  Presbyterianism  in  British 

Columbia  is  so  greatly  indebted.    He  lived  to  see  substantial  growth  and  improve- 

icnt  in  the  church  as  well  as  the  country.  Early  in  1884  the  congregation 
lecided  that  it  could  be  self-supporting  and  not  depend  upon  funds  from  out- 
ride sources.  Just  at  this  time  Mr.  Jamieson  was  prostrated  by  an  illness  so 
severe  that  his  friends  did  not  believe  he  could  recover.  Compelled  to  resign, 
iis  congregation  voted  him  a  liberal  retiring  allowance  and  in  every  way  strove 
to  mark  its  appreciation  of  his  life  work.  He  recovered  sufficiently  to  be  able 

Vol.  HI—  7 


190  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

to  act  as  chaplain  of  the  penitentiary  and  when  his  health  permitted  he  was 
always  ready  to  supply  a  vacant  pulpit,  but  death  called  him  in  September,  1893, 
when  he  was  but  sixty-four  years  of  age.  The  Presbyterian  Record,  writing 
of  him,  said:  "Mr.  Jamieson  was  emphatically  a  strong  man.  With  natural 
abilities  of  a  high  order,  a  well-stored  mind,  a  humor  that  was  a  quaint  mixture 
of  the  racy  Irish  and  the  dry  Scotch,  a  restless  energy  and  dauntless  courage, 
he  was  one  to  be  reckoned  with  in  any  matter  in  which  he  had  a  part.  He 
preached  the  old  gospel  of  salvation  through  a  crucified  and  risen  Saviour,  and 
as  a  preacher  he  has  had  but  few  equals  in  the  province.  On  the  platform,  too, 
while  health  permitted  him  to  take  part  in  the  discussion  of  public  questions,  he 
was  a  power.  In  one  respect  he  was  intolerant:  he  had  a  quick,  fierce  contempt 
for  falsehood  and  lies.  A  sentence  from  a  commemorative  sermon  preached 
by  the  Rev.  A.  Dunn,  himself  a  pioneer,  might  be  taken  as  Mr.  Jamieson's  epitaph : 
'He  spared  no  man's  sin  or  unbelief,  he  courted  no  man's  favor,  and  he  feared 
no  man's  face.'  Not  until  the  pioneers  and  their  children  have  passed  away  will 
the  memory  of  Mr.  Jamieson  and  of  the  work  he  did  for  his  Master  and  his 
church  fade  in  British  Columbia." 


JAMES  FINDLAY. 

In  James  Findlay  Vancouver  has  a  citizen  who  sways  men  with  the  force 
of  his  example,  for  he  has  come  to  be  recognized  as  a  man  of  sound  judgment, 
of  capability  and  unquestioned  loyalty  to  the  public  good.  He  has  always  been 
a  student  of  vital  and  significant  problems  relating  to  the  public  welfare  and  to 
his  continually  broadening  opportunities  he  has  brought  to  bear  a  clear  under- 
standing. His  personal  characteristics  and  personal  qualities  are  pronounced 
and  he  is  an  acceptable  companion  in  any  society  in  which  intelligence  and  worth 
are  necessary  attributes  to  agreeableness. 

A  native  of  Montreal,  Quebec,  Mr.  Findlay  was  born  October  5,  1854,  a 
son  of  Captain  Jonathan  Duncan  Glegg  and  Mary  (Mercer)  Findlay,  the  former 
a  contractor  of  Montreal,  born  in  Fifeshire,  Scotland,  in  1808.  The  grandfather, 
Captain  James  Findlay,  of  the  Royal  Navy,  served  as  a  lieutenant  in  1797  in 
the  North  Sea,  under  Admiral  Duncan,  and  participated  in  the  engagement 
which  won  the  first  decided  victory  over  the  Dutch  fleet.  He  later  was  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  captain  in  the  Royal  Navy,  serving  at  a  period  when  sailing  ves- 
sels were  the  only  means  of  defense.  They  were  the  old-time  wooden  craft  and 
their  equipment  in  cannon  and  firearms  was  as  primitive  and  cumbersome  as 
was  the  vessel  upon  which  they  were  loaded.  Nothing  shows  more  clearly  the 
development  and  progress  of  the  times  than  the  changes  in  methods  of  warfare 
when  today  the  great  dreadnoughts  and  superdreadnoughts  of  steel  construc- 
.  tion  hurl  their  death-dealing  weapons  for  miles  across  the  sea  with  almost  ab- 
solute accuracy  of  aim.  The  same  spirit  of  courage,  however,  has  always  ani- 
mated the  breast  of  the  defender  of  British  interests  whether  upon  land  or  sea 
or  whether  in  wooden  hulls  or  in  armor-plate  battleships.  It  was  ability,  merit 
and  courage  that  won  for  James  Findlay  his  promotion  to  a  captaincy  in  the 
navy.  His  wife  was  Ellen  Rudiman,  a  niece  of  Professor  Thomas  Rudiman, 
the  celebrated  scholar  and  Latin  author. 

Their  son,  Captain  J.  D.  G.  Findlay,  received  a  practical  education  in  the 
schools  of  his  native  land.  He  entered  the  East  India  Company's  naval  service 
as  midshipman  in  1822,  when  but  fourteen  years  of  age,  and  later  became  con- 
nected directly  with  the  Royal  Navy.  He  participated  in  the  taking  of  Rangoon 
on  the  Irrawaddy  and  distinguished  himself  during  the  whole  of  the  Burmese 
war,  passing  through  many  dangers  and  receiving  at  different  times  wounds 
at  the  hands  of  the  pirates.  In  1838  Captain  Findlay  resigned  from  the  service 
of  the  East  India  Company  and  later  was  honored  by  royal  appointment  to  the 
commission  of  chief  officer  of  the  frigate  Trident,  which  carried  Her  Most 


JAMES  FINDLAY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  193 

Gracious  Majesty,  the  late  Queen  Victoria,  from  Granton  Pier  to  Woolwich, 
in  1842,  on  the  return  of  Her  Majesty  from  her  first  visit  to  Scotland.  Mr.  Find- 
lay  came  to  Canada  in  1843,  settling  in  the  city  of  Montreal.  He  was  first 
employed  in  building  locks  on  the  Lachine  canal  and  afterward  was  a  contractor 
for  the  St.  Lawrence  &  Atlantic  Railway.  He  was  also  the  contractor  who  built 
the  entrance  lock  on  the  old  Lachine  canal,  the  Hon.  Alexander  MacKenzie  being 
the  foreman  at  the  time,  and  Mr.  Findlay  often  recalled  that  he  at  one  time  had 
to  discharge  him  for  disobeying  orders  of  the  board  of  works,  Mr.  MacKenzie 
believing  he  knew — as  he  undoubtedly  did — the  best  manner  of  doing  the  work. 
Mr.  Findlay  was  also  employed  by  the  Canadian  Pacific  in  building  the  road  from 
St.  Therese  to  St.  Jerome  and  from  St.  Rose  to  St.  Scholastique.  He  also  did 
important  work  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  in  connection  with  the  building  of  the 
wharfs  at  Montreal  and  was  employed  by  the  Dominion  government  in  building 
the  canal  and  bridges  from  Montreal  to  Cote  St.  Paul.  His  ability  as  a  con- 
tractor is  clearly  evident  from  the  many  large  undertakings  which  he  success- 
fully completed.  In  1848  Mr.  Findlay  married,  in  Montreal,  Mary,  daughter 
of  John  Mercer.  He  was  by  religion  a  Congregationalist  and  in  politics  a  con- 
servative. 

James  Findlay,  whose  name  introduces  this  review,  pursued  his  early  educa- 
tion in  the  public  schools  of  Montreal  and  the  high  school  of  Bowmanville,  and 
afterward  went  to  Scotland,  where  he  was  apprenticed  to  the  trade  of  marine 
engineer.  Upon  completing  his  course  he  returned  to  Canada  and  in  1882  went 
to  Idaho,  where  he  engaged  in  the  mining  and  machinery  business,  continuing 
there  until  June,  1887,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  settling  in  Vancouver. 
Here  he  continued  in  mining  and  in  the  machinery  business,  acting  as  manager 
and  superintendent  of  various  mines  throughout  the  province.  He  thus  reached 
a  prominent  place  in  business  circles,  bringing  him  at  length  to  the  position  where 
his. success  enabled  him  to  retire.  He  is  still  the  president  of  the  Art  Metal 
Works,  but  his  connection  therewith  is  one  of  financial  investment  and  not  of 
active  management. 

Important  and  extensive  as  have  been  the  business  interests  and  responsibili- 
ties which  have  devolved  upon  him,  Mr.  Findlay  has  yet  found  opportunity 
for  cooperation  in  various  measures  and  projects  which  have  to  do  with  the  wel- 
fare and  progress  of  the  city  and  its  people.  He  efficiently  served  as  mayor  of 
Vancouver,  giving  the  city  a  beneficial,  businesslike  administration,  and  during 
his  term  had  the  honor,  as  the  official  head  of  the  city  government,  of  meeting  and 
greeting,  in  the  name  of  the  municipality,  their  Royal  Highnesses,  the  Duke  and 
Duchess  of  Connaught,  who  were  then  on  a  visit  to  the  city.  He  was  for  two- 
years  a  director  of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital  and  for  four  years  was  a 
member  of  the  License  Board  of  Vancouver.  His  political  allegiance  has  always 
been  given  to  the  conservative  party,  and  in  1911  he  was  president  of  the  Van- 
couver Conservative  Association.  He  has  labored  effectively  and  earnestly  in 
support  of  various  measures  of  civic  virtue  and  civic  pride  and  as  mayor  of  Van- 
couver in  1912  he  gave  to  the  city  a  public-spirited  and  progressive  administra- 
tion, conducted  along  businesslike  lines  and  resulting  in  various  needed  reforms 
ajid  improvements.  In  1909  and  1910  he  was  president  of  the  United  Service 
~lub  and  in  the  present  year,  1913,  had  the  honor  of  being  chosen  president  of 
:he  Progress  Club.  He  is  likewise  president  of  the  Caledonian  Society.  He 
has  always  taken  a  very  active  interest  in  athletics  and  manly  outdoor  sports,  is 
an  ex-president  of  the  Vancouver  Athletic  Club  and  also  of  the  Vancouver 
Amatuer  Lacrosse  Club,  of  which  he  is  now  honorary  president.  This  club 
is  the  holder  of  the  Mann  cup.  His  military  experience  covers  service  with  the 
^ictoria  Volunteer  Rifles  of  Montreal,  which  he  joined  as  a  bugler  in  1870,  and 
hile  in  Scotland  he  served  in  the  Coast  Artillery. 

Mr.  Findlay  was  married  in  Montreal  in  1880  to  Miss  Ellen  Georgina  Scott, 
of  Dublin,  Ireland,  and  they  became  the  parents  of  eight  children,  of  whom 
five  are  living:  Duncan  Bruce,  a  wholesale  hardware  and  manufacturers'  agent 
of  Vancouver;  Margaret  M.,  the  wife  of  W.  T.  Woodroffe,  superintendent  of 


194  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

the  Edmonton  Electric  Railway  Company;  Ellen  May,  the  wife  of  Mathew 
Virtue,  electrical  engineer,  of  Vancouver;  James,  who  is  with  the  Edmonton 
Electric  &  Power  Company ;  and  Angus  C,  with  the  British  Columbia  Packers 
Association.  The  parents  hold  membership  in  St.  John's  Presbyterian  church  and 
Mr.  Findlay  belongs  to  St.  Andrews  Society.  The  principles  which  govern 
his  conduct  are  furthermore  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  is  an  exemplary  repre- 
sentative of  Western  Gate  Lodge,  No.  48,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  belongs  to  the 
Commercial,  United  Service  and  Imperial  Clubs,  and  these  associations  indicate 
his  interest  in  matters  relating  to  the  welfare,  progress  and  upbuilding  of  the 
city.  He  has  never  allowed  personal  interest  or  ambition  to  dwarf  his  public 
spirit  or  activities.  His  is  a  record  of  a  strong  individuality,  sure  of  itself, 
stable  in  purpose,  quick  in  perception,  swift  in  decision,  energetic  and  persistent 
in  action,  and  the  high  ideals  which  he  has  cherished  have  found  an  embodiment 
in  practical  effort  for  their  adoption. 


CHARLES  FENN  PRETTY. 

Charles  Fenn  Pretty,  as  president  of  Pretty's  Timber  Exchange,  Ltd.,  occu- 
pies a  position  of  leadership  in  connection  with  the  development  of  the  timber 
interests  of  the  country.  Laudable  ambition  has  prompted  him  in  his  undertakings 
and  his  labors  have  been  of  a  character  that  have  contributed  to  public  progress 
and  prosperity,  as  well  as  to  his  individual  success.  He  is  today  connected  with 
various  important  corporate  interests  and  his  judgment  has  come  to  be  relied 
upon  as  sound,  while  his  powers  of  organization,  combined  with  unabating 
industry  and  energy,  have  enabled  him  to  achieve  success  wherever  men  of  less 
resolute  purpose  would  have  met  failure. '  He  was  born  in  Belleville,  Ontario, 
August  31,  1865,  and  is  a  son  of  Charles  and  Ann  (Hyke)  Pretty.  The  father, 
a  native  of  Wingfield,  Suffolk  county,  England,  came  to  the  new  world  about 
1850,  settling  at  Belleville,  Ontario,  where  he  engaged  in  farming  until  1891.  He 
then  went  to  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia,  where  he  lived  retired  until 
his  death  in  1908. 

Charles  Fenn  Pretty  spent  his  youthful  days  in  the  usual  manner  of  farm 
lads,  with  a  fair  measure  of  opportunity  and  advantages.  He  acquired  a  good 
public-school  education  in  Belleville  and  Goderich,  Ontario,  and  subsequently 
engaged  in  farming  at  Goderich  until  1889.  The  following  year  he  arrived  in 
British  Columbia,  settling  on  the  Harrison  river,  where  he  again  gave  his  time 
and  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits.  Although  he  now  has  extensive  financial 
interests  he  still  maintains  his  home  at  Harrison  River  and  operates  his  farm, 
having  a  real  love  for  agricultural  life. 

In  1897  Mr.  Pretty  became  interested  in  the  timber  situation  in  British  Colum- 
bia and  began  to  invest  on  a  small  scale  in  timber  lands.  His  operations  gradu- 
ally grew  more  extensive  as  his  financial  resources  increased  and  in  1903  he 
organized  the  present  business  of  which  he  became  the  head  and  which  was 
incorporated  in  1911  as  Pretty's  Timber  Exchange,  Ltd.,  and  capitalized  for  five 
million  dollars  with  Mr:  Pretty  as  the  president.  The  company  makes  invest- 
ments in  large  tracts  of  timber  land,  consolidates  smaller  holdings  and  negoti- 
ates sales,  employing  a  staff  of  timber  experts  and  many  other  workmen.  They 
also  make  all  necessary  investigation  as  to  the  possibilities  of  the  land,  transpor- 
tation facilities  and  other  problems  relating  to  the  business.  Their  possessions 
in  timber  lands  cover  an  extensive  acreage  in  various  parts  of  British  Columbia 
and  their  holdings  also  include  numerous  mills  where  they  are  engaged  in 
timber  manufacturing  in  every  form,  making  a  specialty  of  ties,  bridge  timbers 
and  spars.  Associated  with  Mr.  Pretty  is  Thomas  T.  Dauphinee,  who  is  now 
general  manager  of  the  company.  Mr.  Pretty  showed  notable  realization  and 
appreciation  of  the  value  of  the  undeveloped  resources  of  British  Columbia, 
especially  in  connection  with  the  timber  situation  and,  acting  according  to  the 


CHARLES  F.  PRETTY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  197 

dictates  of  his  faith  and  judgment,  he  has  so  directed  his  labors  and  his  invest- 
ments as  to  reap  the  full  benefit  thereof.  Moreover,  in  this  connection  he  has 
done  much  for  the  development  of  the  great  timber  resources  of  the  country, 
adding  much  to  the  wealth  of  British  Columbia  through  shipments,  trade  inter- 
ests and  employment  furnished  to  many  workmen.  The  timber  industry  has 
become  one  of  the  foremost  of  the  northwest  and  in  that  connection  the  name 
of  C.  F.  Pretty  figures  prominently.  He  also  has  other  very  extensive  interests, 
being  president  and  managing  director  of  the  Vancouver  Harbor  &  Dock  Exten- 
sion Company,  Ltd.,  with  a  capitalization  of  ten  million  dollars.  He  is  the 
president  of  the  Greater  Vancouver  Company,  Ltd.,  capitalized  for  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  thousand  dollars;  is  president  of  the  Canadian  Borneo  Company, 
Ltd.,  which  holds  extensive  concessions  from  the  Dutch  government  in  Dutch 
Borneo;  a  director  of  the  Canadian  Timber  &  Investment  Company,  Ltd.,  of 
London,  England ;  a  director  of  the  Anglo-Canadian  Timber  Company,  Ltd., 
of  London,  and  also  has  other  corporate  interests  besides  being  a  large  owner 
of  real  estate  and  farm  lands. 

On  the  24th  of  December,  1889,  Mr.  Pretty  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Charlotte  May  Sylvester,  daughter  of  Thomas  Sylvester,  of  the  Imperial  Gas 
Works  of  London,  England.  Unto  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Pretty  have  been  born  three 
sons,  Charles  Nelson,  Harry  Robinson  and  Leonard  Fenn.  Mr.  Pretty  votes 
with  the  conservative  party  and  his  religious  belief  is  that  of  the  Anglican  church. 
Signal  success  has  come  to  him  as  the  result  of  an  active,  well  spent  life.  He  has 
achieved  what  he  has  undertaken,  ever  carrying  forward  to  successful  comple- 
tion any  work  which  he  has  entered  upon.  In  his  vocabulary  there  is  no  such 
word  as  fail,  and  the  business  methods  he  has  employed  are  such  as  any  might 
cultivate.  His  position  is  due  to  the  fact  that  he  has  made  good  use  of  time, 
talent  and  opportunities,  has  maintained  an  unassailable  reputation  for  business 
integrity  and  has  followed  the  lead  of  a  laudable  ambition. 


FREDERICK  SMITH. 

One  of  the  important  commercial  enterprises  of  Vancouver  is  Smith,  Davidson 
&  Wright,  Limited,  a  wholesale  paper  house  whose  trade  interests  are  of  an 
extensive  character.  It  is  the  foremost  business  of  its  kind  in  the  province. 

Frederick  Smith,  its  president,  was  born  on  June  12,  1874,  at  Toronto, 
Ontario,  and  is  a  son  of  Henry  and  Anna  Smith,  the  former  a  pioneer  of  Toronto, 
where  he  now  lives  retired.  Frederick  Smith  attended  public  school  in  his  native 
city  and  after  completing  his  education  entered  the  employ  of  W.  J.  Gage  & 
Company,  Limited,  wholesale  and  manufacturing  stationers,  as  traveling  sales- 
man, remaining  in  that  connection  for  about  twenty  years,  gathering  a  varied 
and  valuable  experience  during  that  time.  Upon  his  business  trips  he  came 
numerous  times  to  the  west  and  perceiving  the  opportunities  a  waiting  aggres- 
sive young  men,  he  decided  to  launch  forth  independently  in  this  new  country 
and  in  1907  incorporated  in  Vancouver  the  firm  of  Smith,  Davidson  &  Wright, 
Limited,  of  which  he  was  elected  president,  an  office  which  he  has  held  ever 
since.  The  firm  can  now  look  back  upon  six  years  of  prosperous  existence,  its 
business  increasing  annually  in  volume  and  profits. 

Mr.  Smith  was  united  in  marriage,  at  Cypress  River,. Manitoba,  to  Miss  Jessie 
Farquharson,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Elizabeth  Farquharson.  Of  this  mar- 
riage were  born  three  sons :  Harry  Farquharson,  Norman  Frederick  and  Francis 
Arthur. 

The  vim  and  the  vigor  of  the  west  are  second  nature  to  Mr.  Smith,  who 
ever  stands  ready  to  participate  in  any  public  movement  undertaken  in  the 
interests  of  the  city.  Not  only  is  he  concerned  in  commercial  expansion  but  is 
interested  as  much  in  the  moral  and  intellectual  development  of  his  community. 
His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  in  club  life  he  is  a 


jp  i 

IK  1; 


, 


of  those  who  came  under  his  instruction.  It  is  well  known  that  "the  boy  is  father 
to  the  man,"  and  the  qualities  which  Coverdale  Watson  displayed  in  his  youth 
foreshadowed  not  only  the  strength  of  his  character  and  his  intellectual  power 
but  also  the  kindly  spirit  and  hearty  sympathy  which  made  him  popular  and 
loved  wherever  known.  His  character  was  Christian  in  a  sense  rarely  met  with. 
Of  a  gentle,  unselfish  and  sympathetic  disposition,  he  was  much  loved.  He  leaves 
a  memory  fragrant  with  goodness — a  memory  that  becomes  sweeter  with  the 
rolling  years. 

Born  near  Whitby,  Yorkshire,  England,  March  16,  1847,  Mr.  Watson  came 
with  his  parents  to  Canada  when  but  ten  years  of  age,  settling  in  the  township 
of  Walpole,  Haldimand  county,  Ontario,  where,  with  his  only  brother,  Joseph 
Watson,  he  grew  to  manhood.  He  was  from  infancy  surrounded  by  intensely 
religious  and  Methodistic  influences  and  early  gave  his  heart  to  God.  Being 
endowed  with  natural  gifts  of  a  high  order  and  possessing  a  studious  disposition 
and  a  fervent  religious  temperament,  it  was  not  surprising  that  he  was  led  by  his 
own  convictions,  confirmed  by  the  advice  of  judicious  friends,  to  devote  himself 
to  the  Christian  ministry.  For  his  chosen  life  work  he  prepared  himself  with 
conscientious  care,  laying  the  foundation  of  a  broad  and  liberal  education  in  the 
Scotland  high  school  and  at  Victoria  University,  in  Coburg. 

Rev.  Watson  entered  the  ministry  in  1869  and  was  stationed  successively  at 
Teeswater,  Londesborough,  Holmesville  and  Mitchell.  After  a  year  at  college  he 
was  sent  to  the  old  St.  John  church  at  Hamilton,  Ontario,  as  the  colleague  of  the 
late  Rev.  William  Stevenson,  being  received  into  the  full  connection  and  ordained 
in  1874.  From  the  commencement  of  his  ministerial  life  he  was  recognized  as 
a  man  of  unusual  promise  and  rapidly  rose  in  the  confidence  and  esteem  of  the 
church.  Following  his  ordination  he  was  sent  to  Yorkville,  then  to  Peterboro 
and  later  to  the  Spadina  Avenue  church,  Toronto.  In  the  year  of  his  marriage 
he  was  appointed  to  succeed  the  late  Rev.  R.  H.  Smith  as  chairman  of  the  then 
British  Columbia  district,  which  position  he  retained  until  the  organization  of 
the  British  Columbia  Conference  in  1887,  filling  in  the  meantime  successful 
pastorates  at  the  Pandora  Avenue  church,  Victoria,  and  at  New  Westminster. 
In  response  to  a  hearty  invitation  from  Central  church,  Toronto,  he  then  returned 
to  Ontario,  where  he  spent  three  years.  But  his  heart  was  in  the  west  and  he 
gladly  acceded  to  the  warm  request  of  the  people  of  his  old  charge  in  Victoria 
who  were  about  to  open  their  magnificent  new  church,  of  which  he  became  the 
first  pastor.  Of  his  work  in  the  Metropolitan  church,  Homer  street,  Vancouver, 
and  in  a  second  appointment  to  New  Westminster,  it  is  needless  to  write. 
Thousands  can  testify  to  his  power  as  a  preacher,  his  fidelity  as  a  pastor  and 
his  love  and  sympathy  as  a  friend. 

For  several  years  it  had  been  apparent  to  all  that  Rev.  Watson's  health  was 
seriously  impaired,  but  he  maintained  his  labors  with  wonderful  persistency  and 
courage.  Indeed,  for  a  time  his  strength  appeared  to  increase,  when  appendi- 
citis ensued.  An  operation  was  performed  but  his  enfeebled  body  could  not 


REV.  COVERDALE  WATSOX 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  201 

withstand  the  shock.  He  sank  rapidly  and  three  days  later,  on  February  21, 
1898,  his  sanctified  spirit  was  released  from  its  earthly  tabernacle  and  mortality 
was  changed  for  life. 

Rev.  Watson  was  united  in  marriage  in  1881  to  Miss  Mary  Nichols,  daughter 
of  the  late  Rev.  Matthew  Nichols,  of  Brampton.  The  marriage  was  a  most 
happy  one  and  his  widow,  with  three  children,  survives  to  mourn  her  irreparable 
loss. 

Coverdale  Watson  was  a  man  of  large  and  varied  gifts.  His  life  as  a  student 
was  marked  by  thoroughness  and  his  reading,  especially  along  theological  lines, 
was  extensive  and  discriminating.  He  was  naturally  an  investigator  and  pos- 
sessed a  decidedly  metaphysical  mind  which  delighted  in  pursuing  a  subject  to 
its  ultimate  analysis.  No  man  was  more  keen  in  detecting  or  more  merciless  in 
exposing  a  fallacy.  He  could  be  severe  in  denouncing  the  specious  and  false 
maxims  by  which  current  evils  are  defended  or  wrong  principles  maintained. 
His  preaching  was  intellectual  and  his  sermons  were  marked  by  powerful  appeals 
to  the  conscience,  delivered  in  a  manner  and  with  a  tone  that  rendered  them 
peculiarly  impressive.  Intense  spirituality,  fearlessness  and  faithfulness  char- 
acterized his  pulpit  efforts.  He  recognized  vividly  the  high  standard  of  scriptural 
holiness  which  Christianity  demands  and  earnestly  pressed  believers  to  its  attain- 
ment. As  a  man  he  was  upright,  as  a  Christian  saintly,  strong  in  faith  and 
mighty  in  intercession,  as  a  friend  tender,  faithful  and  charitable,  as  a  minister 
dignified,  earnest  and  successful.  He  held  a  very  warm  place  in  the  affection 
and  esteem  of  his  brethren,  by  whom  his  memory  will  long  be  cherished. 
The  conference  was  bereaved  of  one  of  its  most  beloved  and  honored  members 
and  the  Methodist  church  of  one  of  its  foremost  preachers  and  pastors  by  his 
death.  There  was  something  unique  about  his  friendships  and  one  of  the 
choicest  spirits  animating  those  days  and  pulsing  so  winsomely  through  those 
associations  was  the  beautiful  spirit  of  Brother  Watson.  "We  sorrow  not  as 
those  who  have  no  hope."  "He  was  not,  for  God  took  him."  One  more  of  the 
militant  host  whose  ranks  are  multiplying  in  every  land  has  joined  the  disembodied 
throngs  who  unceasingly  celebrate  the  praises  of  the  Lamb  in  the  anthems  of  the 
skies. 

"Oh,  may  we  triumph  so 

When  all  our  warfare's  past, 
And  dying  find  our  latest  foe 
Under  our  feet  at  last." 


MALCOLM  McBEATH. 

Malcolm  McBeath  has  the  distinction  of  being  the  youngest  man  ever  elected 
to  the  city  council  of  Vancouver.  He  is,  moreover,  a  very  successful  business 
man  and  has  risen  to  his  present  position  of  prosperity  and  prominence  through 
his  own  labors  and  native  ability,  for  he  had  few  advantages  in  his  early  youth. 
He  was  born  in  Allenford,  Bruce  county,  Ontario,  December  2,  1880,  a  son  of 
Thomas  and  Lena  (Foisie)  McBeath,  the  former  a  native  of  Scotland  and  the 
latter  of  Ontario.  The  father  was  a  farmer  by  profession  and  for  many  years 
lived  near  Allenford,  but  in  1892  removed  to  Manitoba,  settling  at  Portage  la 
Prairie,  where  he  engaged  in  farming  until  1907. 

Malcolm  McBeath  was  not  yet  twelve  years  of  age  at  the  time  of  his  parents' 
removal  to  Portage  la  Prairie,  and  he  there  entered  upon  his  business  career, 
being  Apprenticed  to  the  printer's  trade  in  1894)  when  fourteen  years  of  age. 
He  was  articled  to  James  Hooper,  now  king's  printer  for  Manitoba.  After  he 
had  served  for  about  two  years  of  that  time  the  late  John  Cornyn  bought  out 
Mr.  Hooper.  Mr.  McBeath  completed  his  apprenticeship  and  a  little  later  ac- 
quired an  interest  in  the  business,  with  which  he  was  continuously  connected  in 
partnership  with  Mr.  Cornyn  until  June,  1905,  when  they  sold  out,  Mr.  Cornyn 


202  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

coming  to  Vancouver,  while  Mr.  McBeath  went  to  Winnipeg.  The  latter  there 
entered  the  real-estate  business,  in  which  he  continued  in  that  city  until  August, 
1907,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver.  In  the  meantime  Mr.  Cornyn  had  been  quite 
successful  here  and  had  acquired  a  gratifying  fortune.  Mr.  McBeath  again 
became  his  partner,  but  six  weeks  later,  while  diving  at  English  Bay,  Mr.  Cornyn 
was  killed.  The  whole  responsibility  of  the  extensive  business  of  the  firm  there- 
fore devolved  upon  Mr.  McBeath.  He  became  very  active  in  the  real-estate 
business,  in  which  he  has  since  continued,  and  is  today  a  foremost  factor  in  real- 
estate  circles  in  Vancouver.  While  residing  in  Winnipeg  Mr.  McBeath  bought  a 
tract  of  one  hundred  acres  in  the  Hastings  Townsite  (Vancouver)  which  he  sub- 
divided and  sold  in  lots  in  1907-8.  In  1904  the  Pacific  Loan  Company  was 
organized  by  Mr.  Cornyn  and  in  1907,  upon  his  death,  Mr.  McBeath  became  presi- 
dent and  managing  director,  which  dual  position  he  still  fills.  At  the  same  time 
he  became  connected  with  the  Northern  Securities,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  is  the 
secretary.  He  thus  figures  prominently  in  business  and  financial  circles  and  his 
name  is  an  honored  one  on  commercial  paper.  He  has  gained  for  himself  recog- 
nition as  a  man  of  sound  judgment  and  indefatigable  enterprise  and  each  year 
finds  him  in  advance  of  the  position  which  he  occupied  the  previous  year. 

Not  only  has  Mr.  McBeath  made  a  splendid  record  in  business,  but  has  also 
become  a  recognized  factor  in  local  political  circles.  In  1911  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  city  council  as  an  alderman  from  the  seventh  ward,  which  is  the 
Hastings  Townsite  addition,  and  it  was  in  that  year  that  the  section  was  annexed 
to  the  city.  In  1913  Mr.  McBeath  was  appointed  chairman  of  the  Associated 
Charities  committee.  This  committe  has  charge  of  the  building  of  the  Old 
People's  Home,  which  is  situated  on  a  fourteen-acre  tract  in  the  Hastings  Town- 
site,  which  in  1912  was  acquired  from  the  government  for  city  purposes.  The 
committee  also  has  under  its  supervision  the  erecton  of  the  creche  in  the  west 
end  of  the  city,  on  Hero  street,  which  will  be  a  day  nursery  and  a  home  for 
foundlings.  Mr.  McBeath  is  also  chairman  of  the  annexation  committee  and  is 
a  prominent  working  member  of  the  council. 

In  September,  1903,  in  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  was  celebrated  the  marriage  of 
Mr.  McBeath  and  Miss  Bessie  McFarlane  of  that  city,  and  unto  them  have  been 
born  two  children,  Hazel  and  Morris.  In  his  fraternal  relations  Mr.  McBeath  is 
a  Mason,  holding  membership  in  Acacia  Lodge.  This  in  brief  is  the  life  history 
of  one  of  Vancouver's  prominent  and  rising  young  men,  who  has  already  attained 
to  a  notable  position  for  one  of  his  years.  There  is  no  esoteric  phase  in  his  life 
history,  and  his  record  indicates  what  can  be  accomplished  when  one  is  enterpris- 
ing, determined  and  cognizant  of  his  own  capacities  and  powers. 


MAJOR  CHARLES  McMILLAN. 

Major  Charles  McMillan,  who  since  1906  has  been  engaged  in  the  real-estate 
and  investment  business  in  Vancouver,  was  born  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  February 
,14,  1865,  his  parents  being  Robert  and  Annie  (Roy)  McMillan,  both  of  whom 
were  natives  of  Scotland.  Coming  to  America,  they  resided  for  an  extended 
period  in  Toronto,  where  for  some  years  the  father  engaged  in  the  banking  busi- 
ness, but  both  he  and  his  wife  are  now  deceased. 

In  the  acquirement  of  his  education  Major  Charles  McMillan  attended  the 
public  and  high  schools  of  Toronto  and  in  1882,  when  a  youth  of  seventeen  years, 
started  westward  with  Winnipeg  as  his  destination.  His  initial  step  in  the  busi- 
ness world  was  made  in  Manitoba  and  later  he  engaged  with  the  Canada  North- 
west Land  Company  as  town  site  clerk,  while  subsequently  he  became  agent  for 
the  Calgary  town  site  trustees  and  sold  all  of  that  town  site  for  them.  With  the 
early  development  and  upbuilding  of  Calgary  he  was  thus  closely  associated  and 
for  twelve  years  he  filled  the  positions  of  city  clerk  and  treasurer  of  Calgary, 
making  a  most  commendable  record  in  office  by  reason  of  his  capability  and  faith- 


MAJOR  CHARLES  McMILLAN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  205 

fulness.  In  1906  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  confined  his  attention 
to  real-estate  and  investments,  building  up  a  gratifying  business  in  this  connection. 
He  has  thoroughly  acquainted  himself  with  property  values  and  aside  from 
handling  real-estate  has  made  large  investments  for  clients,  knowing  fully  the 
value  of  commercial  paper  or  financial  brokerage  interests. 

On  the  24th  of  April,  1889,  in  Winnipeg,  Mr.  .McMillan  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  M-ay  Agnes  McGuire,  of  that  city,  ajid  they  have  one  daughter, 
Clyde  Irene,  the  wife  of  Pervis  E.  Ritchie,  of  the  Ritchie  Construction  &  Supply 
Company  of  Vancouver.  During  their  residence  in  Vancouver  Major  McMillan 
and  his  wife  have  gained  many  warm  friends  and  the  hospitality  of  a  large 
number  of  the  best  homes  of  the  city  is  freely  accorded  them.  Major  McMillan 
was  with  the  Ninetieth  Regiment  of  Winnipeg  Rifles  for  five  years  and  at  Calgary 
was  major  of  A  squadron  in  the  Fifteenth  Regiment  of  Light  Horse  for  five 
years,  and  during  the  Riel  rebellion  and  holds  a  medal  for  services  there.  His 
fraternal  relations  are  with  the  Masons,  in  Perfection  Lodge  of  Calgary,  and  the 
Odd  Fellows,  and  his  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian  church.  He 
belongs  to  that  class  which  stands  for  all  that  is  progressive  in  citizenship,  and 
his  support  can  be  counted  upon  for  any  movement  which  is  a  matter  of  civic  vir- 
tue or  civic  pride. 


CHARLES  A.  SLANEY. 

The  rapid  progress  and  ever  changing  conditions  of  modern  life  have  brought 
about  specialization  in  many  branches,  and  many  ordinary  fields  of  labor  have 
been  lifted  to  the  dignity  of  sciences.  Charles  A.  Slaney  is  one  of  those  who  has 
attained  prominence  in  one  special  line  of  work  and  as  auditor  of  the  British 
Columbia  Electric  Company,  of  Vancouver,  occupies  a  foremost  position  in  his 
profession.  Born  on  February  8,  1881,  at  Oakengates,  England,  he  is  a  son  of 
Ambrose  John  and  Amy  Slaney,  both  of  whom  still  make  their  home  in  the 
mother  country,  the  father  living  retired. 

Charles  A.  Slaney  received  his  education  at  Newport  College  in  Shropshire, 
England,  and  at  the  age  of  sixteen  engaged  with  the  Lilleshall  Company  as  junior 
accountant,  remaining  in  that  connection  for  two  years.  His  next  position  was 
with  the  Northwestern  Railway  of  England,  in  which  connection  he  was  assistant 
freight  accountant  for  a  period  of  two  years.  He  then  was  employed  by  the 
Birmingham  corporation  as  auditor,  remaining  thus  for  five  years,  at  the  end  of 
which  time,  in  1906,  he  decided  to  test  the  opportunities  of  the  new  world  and, 
coming  to  British  Columbia,  entered  upon  a  position  with  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railroad  as  accountant  on  the  third  Pacific  division.  He  so  remained  until  1910, 
when  he  was  appointed  accountant  of  the  Vancouver  Power  Company,  becoming 
subsequently  district  auditor  for  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Company  and  then 
general  accountant  for  the  same  firm.  The  position  is  now  that  of  auditor. 
Having  gathered  wide  and  varied  experience,  Mr.  Slaney  is  a  young  man  who 
readily  makes  himself  master  of  new  conditions  and  with  his  ready  mind  easily 
penetrates  the  most  problematical  business  situations.  He  is  not  only  an  auditor 
and  accountant  in  the  ordinary  meaning  of  the  word  but  has  learned  to  understand 
business  procedures  and  business  growth  to  such  an  extent  that  he  readily  sees 
where  remedies  ought  to  be  applied  or  improvements  ought  to  be  made.  His 
services  in  connection  with  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Company  are  invaluable 
to  that  concern  and  he  has  received  many  tokens  of  high  commendation  from 
the  officers  of  his  firm. 

In  1901  Mr.  Slaney  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Theresa  Hall,  a  daughter 
of  Air.  and  Mrs.  Benjamin  Hall,  of  Birmingham,  England.  In  their  family  are 
'iree  children,  Charles,  Reginald  and  Allan,  the  oldest  of  whom  is  attending 
niblic  school.  The  family  residence  is  located  at  Strathcona  place,  and  there 
'Tr.  and  Mrs.  Slaney  often  entertain  a  charming  circle  of  friends.  The  former 


206  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

gives  his  allegiance  in  political  matters  to  the  conservative  party  and  in  religious 
faith  adheres  to  the  Congregational  cKurch.  He  seeks  recreation  from  his  oner- 
ous and  confining  duties  in  gardening,  shooting  and  fishing.  An  aggressive  young 
man  who  deeply  interests  himself  in  his  surroundings  and  the  growth  of  his 
home  city,  he  takes  laudable  interest  in  all  enterprises  promoted  for  the  public 
welfare  and  is  never  lagging  behind  if  time  or  money  are  needed  in  the  advance- 
ment of  a  public  cause. 


THOMAS  T.  DAUPHINEE. 

Thomas  T.  Dauphinee,  of  Vancouver,  was  one  of  the  incorporators  in  1911 
of  Pretty's  Timber  Exchange,  Ltd.,  a  company  second  to  none  in  the  extent  and 
importance  of  its  operations  as  timber  merchants  of  the  northwest.  Since  1901 
he  has  been  a  resident  of  British  Columbia  and  since  1908  of  Vancouver.  He 
was  born  in  Petite  Riviere,  Lunenburg  county,  Nova  Scotia,  September  14,  1879, 
a  son  of  Captain  Thomas  and  Alice  A.  (Drew)  Dauphinee.  The  father  was  a 
native  of  Bedford,  Nova  Scotia,  but  in  early  life  went  to  Petite  Riviere,  where 
he  resided  until  1883,  when  he  removed  to  Liverpool,  Nova  Scotia,  where  his 
death  occurred  in  1899.  He  was  a  deep  sea  captain,  spending  the  greater  part  of 
his  life  upon  the  water. 

In  graded  and  high  schools  of  Liverpool,  Nova  Scotia,  Thomas  T.  Dauphinee 
pursued  his  education  and  after  his  graduation  from  the  high  school  made  his 
initial  step  in  the  business  world  as  a  clerk  in  the  Union  Bank  of  Halifax,  where 
he  continued  for  a  year.  He  then  resumed  his  education  in  1898  by  entering 
Dalhousie  University  at  Halifax,  where  he  spent  a  year.  In  1901  he  arrived 
in  British  Columbia,  attracted  by  what  he  believed  to  be  broader  business 
opportunities  and  better  advantages  on  the  Pacific  coast.  He  entered  the  employ 
of  the  John  A.  Lee  Furniture  Company  at  New  Westminster,  continuing  in  that 
business  connection  until  1904,  when  he  became  associated  with  Thomas  R. 
Pearson,  in  the  real-estate  and  insurance  business  in  New  Westminster.  When 
that  business  was  merged  into  the  newly  organized  Dominion  Trust  Company 
he  remained  with  the  latter  and  was  so  engaged  until  1908,  when  he  became 
associated  with  Charles  F.  Pretty  in  the  timber  business.  This  business  was 
founded  by  Mr.  Pretty  in  1903  and  was  incorporated  in  1911  under  the  name 
of  Pretty's  Timber  Exchange,  Ltd.,  with  a  capital  of  five  million  dollars,  Mr. 
Dauphinee  becoming  managing  director.  The  company  makes  investments  in 
large  tracts  of  timber  land,  is  interested  also  in  the  consolidation  of  small  hold- 
ings and  in  the  sale  of  the  same.  They  employ  a  large  force  of  men  and  a  staff 
of  experts,  and  make  all  necessary  investigation  as  to  the  possibilities  of  the  land, 
transportation  fa'cilities  and  other  questions  and  problems  arising  in  connection 
with  this  business  in  all  of  its  ramifying  and  varied  trade  relations.  They  own 
an  extensive  acreage  of  limits  throughout  the  province  of  British  Columbia. 
Mr.  Dauphinee  as  managing  director  of  the  company  is  probably  as  well  versed 
concerning  the  timber  situation  of  the  province  as  any  man  within  its  borders. 
He  also  has  other  extensive  financial  interests,  being  a  director  of  Pearson's 
Ltd. ;  a  director  of  the  Northwest  Canada  Trust  Company,  Ltd. ;  president  of  the 
Capilano  Rock  &  Gravel  Company,  Ltd. ;  secretary  of  the  Vancouver  Dock  & 
Harbor  Extension  Company,  Ltd.;  secretary-treasurer  of  the  Hardscrabble 
Hydraulic  Gold  Mines,  Ltd. ;  director  of  the  Greater  Vancouver  Company,  Ltd., 
and  has  connection  with  various  other  interests. 

On  the  8th  of  April,  1912,  Mr.  Dauphinee  was  married  to  Miss  Eva  B. 
McCaul,  a  daughter  of  John  McCaul,  of  Vancouver.  In  politics  he  is  inde- 
pendent and  his  fraternal  relations  are  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows.  He  is  preeminently  a  business  man,  one  capable  of  organizing  and 
controlling  important  interests.  He  has  given  proof  of  his  power  to  coordinate 
seemingly  diverse  and  complex  interests  into  a  unified  and  harmonious  whole. 


THOMAS  T.  DAUPHINEE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  209 

His  rise  in  the  business  world  has  been  notably  rapid  for  he  is  now  only  thirty- 
four  years  of  age,  yet  he  is  at  the  head  or  connected  with  some  of  the  most 
important  commercial  and  financial  enterprises  of  the  province.  Moreover,  his 
work  is  constituting  an  important  element  in  the  development  of  the  resources 
of  British  Columbia,  bringing  about  splendid  growth  and  progress  and  placing 
this  section  of  the  country  on  a  par  with  the  older  east  in  all  of  its  advantages  and 
opportunities.  One  can  scarcely  measure  the  importance  of  his  life  work.  There 
have  been  no  esoteric  chapters  in  his  history;  on  the  contrary,  the  record  is  an 
open  book  which  all  may  read,  and  the  lessons  therein  contained  may  be  profit- 
ably followed  showing  what  may  be  accomplished  when  one  has  the  will  to  dare 
and  to  do  and  is  not  afraid  to  venture  where  favoring  opportunity  leads  the  way. 


THOMAS  S.  ANNANDALE. 

For  twenty  years  Thomas  S.  Annandale  was  prominently  connected  with 
mercantile  circles  in  New  Westminster,  conducting  with  rare  ability  extensive 
grocery  establishments,  which  he  disposed  of  in  December,  1911,  and  is  now 
giving  his  time  to  the  management  of  his  extensive  interests,  including  city  realty, 
farm  holdings  and  investments  in  other  enterprises.  He  was  born  in  Forfar- 
shire,  Scotland,  on  March  9,  1864,  his  parents  being  Robert  B.  and  Ellen  (Sturch) 
Annandale,  both  natives  of  that  country.  In  the  late  '6os  they  removed  to 
England,  where  the  father  passed  the  remainder  of  his  life,  his  death  occurring 
on  January  30,  1913,  at  the  age  of  eighty-three  years,  the  mother  having  preceded 
him  in  death  on  May  24,  1908,  at  the  age  of  seventy-three.  Robert  B.  Annan- 
dale  was  for  many  years  manager  of  the  estates  of  the  duke  of  Westminster  and 
various  other  large  properties. 

Thomas  S.  Annandale  was  reared  amid  the  influences  of  a  cultured  home, 
acquiring  his  education  in  the  grammar  schools  of  Market  Drayton  and  Chester, 
England.  Upon  reaching  young  manhood  he  became  an  assistant  in  his  father's 
office,  where  he  remained  until  1891,  when  the  opportunities  offered  in  the  Cana- 
dian west  decided  him  to  come  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  which  was  then 
but  a  small  town.  The  enterprises  in  the  town  were  yet  in  their  infancy  and  there 
seemed  little  to  do  for  an  ambitious  young  man,  Mr.  Annandale  having  to  content 
himself  with  playing  "boss"  over  three  Chinamen  who  were  set  to  assorting 
potatoes.  Seeing  no  immediate  prospects  in  Vancouver,  he  remained  but  four 
months  and  then  came  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  bought  a  part  interest  in 
the  grocery  business  of  William  and  George  Wolfenden  and  in  1893  acquired  his 
partner's  share,  becoming  sole  owner.  From  that  time  he  conducted  the  business 
independently  but  in  1898  suffered  a  severe  reverse  when  his  store  was  destroyed 
by  fire,  it  being  the  first  building  to  burn  on  the  main  street  during  the  conflagra- 
tion. Undaunted  by  his  misfortune,  however,  Mr.  Annandale  gave  a  splendid 
demonstration  of  his  aggressive  spirit  and  enterprise  by  opening  business  the 
following  morning  on  the  street  without  a  roof  over  his  head,  ordering  a  special 
car  to  be  brought  from  Vancouver  loaded  with  a  new  stock  of  goods.  He  soon 
had  established  himself  on  a  vacant  lot,  on  the  site  which  is  now  occupied  by 
le  city  library,  and  here  he  later  built  a  small  shack  and  continued  in  business 
for  several  months  until  he  could  secure  store  room  in  the  Begbie  block.  As 
lis  sales  increased  he  made  several  removals  and  continued  successfully  in  the 
grocery  business  until  December  7,  1911,  when  he  disposed  of  his  two  stores  to 
jood  advantage,  his  years  of  activity  having  brought  him  prosperity.  His  suc- 
:ess  must  largely  be  attributed  to  his  honorable  and  fair  methods,  his  understand- 
ing of  the  business  and  his  earnest  efforts  to  please  his  customers.  In  April, 
[912,  Mr.  Annandale  and  his  family  realized  a  long-cherished  dream  by  making 
in  extended  trip  to  England,  remaining  for  six  months  in  the  mother  country 
md  visiting  places  of  old  associations  and  historic  interest.  Since  his  return  he 
is  given  his  attention  to  the  management  of  his  various  holdings,  being  also 


210  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

engaged  in  the  loan  and  mortgage  business.  He  owns  a  valuable  farm  at  Chilli- 
wack,  in  which  he  takes  a  great  interest  and  from  which  he  derives  great  pleasure. 
To  its  cultivation  he  gives  much  of  his  attention  and  substantial  rewards  have 
come  to  him  as  the  result  of  his  labors.  Moreover,  he  is  a  director  of  the  New 
Westminster  Trust  Company,  with  which  the  family  has  been  connected  for 
many  years,  it  being  the  oldest  company  of  that  kind  in  the  province. 

In  1887  Mr.  Annandale  married  Miss  Sarah  Crowder,  of  Shropshire,  Eng- 
land, and  her  death  occurred  in  1905.  To  this  union  were  born  four  children: 
Beatrice,  at  home ;  Lindsay,  of  Stewart  Lake,  British  Columbia ;  and  Thomas  and 
Arthur,  also  at  home.  In  August,  1907,  Mr.  Annandale  married  Miss  Violet 
Pyne,  of  Devonshire,  England,  who  bore  him  two  children,  Mary  and  Kenneth. 

Public-spirited  and  progressive,  Mr.  Annandale  interests  himself  in  all  move- 
ments undertaken  to  promote  the  betterment  of  the  people  along  material  or 
intellectual  lines.  For  many  years  he  has  served  as  justice  of  the  peace,  render- 
ing impartial  and  fair  decisions  which  have  established  his  reputation  as  one  of 
the  most  just  men  in  his  city.  As  president  of  the  Westminster  Club  he  guides 
and  cherishes  the  spirit  of  expansion  in  the  city,  standing  ever  ready  to  bear  his 
share  in  time  and  money  in  promoting  any  worthy  enterprise.  He  and  his  family 
are  devout  members  of  the  Church  of  England,  in  which  they  take  an  active  and 
helpful  interest.  Fraternally  he  is  affiliated  with  the  Masons,  being  a  member 
of  Lewis  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  As  the  years  have  passed  Mr.  Annandale  has 
attained  to  a  foremost  position  in  his  community  and  has  become  recognized  as 
one  of  its  forceful  elements,  his  sterling  traits  of  character  having  won  for  him 
the  high  regard  and  confidence  of  all  who  have  come  into  contact  with  him. 


ALEXANDER  MORRISON. 

Among  the  real  upbnilders  and  promoters  of  British  Columbia,  among  the 
men  whose  initiative  spirit,  organizing  power,  industry  and  unfaltering  deter- 
mination have  constituted  forceful  factors  in  provincial  growth,  among  the  pro- 
moters of  business  enterprises  and  the  founders  of  industrial  institutions  is  num- 
bered Alexander  Morrison,  of  Armstrong,  Morrison  &  Company,  Limited,  gen- 
eral contractors  of  Vancouver.  Through  a  period  of  activity  in  this  line  of 
work,  extending  from  1881  to  the  present  time,  he  has  become  identified  with 
some  of  the  most  important  engineering  and  contracting  work  in  the  Dominion, 
has  built  public  institutions,  industrial  plants,  bridges  and  railroads  and  in  so 
doing  has  gained  prominence  and  success,  standing  today  among  the  leading  men 
of  affairs  in  Vancouver,  where  he  makes  his  home. 

Mr.  Morrison  was  born  in  Motherwell,  Scotland,  on  the  igth  of  June,  1852, 
and  is  a  son  of  Donald  and  Margaret  (Ralston)  Morrison,  the  former  a  native 
of  Argyleshire  and  the  latter  of  Lanark  county,  Scotland.  The  father  resided  at 
Motherwell  for  many  years,  acting  as  a  mine  manager,  and  in  that  city  his  death 
occurred.  His  wife  afterward,  in  1875,  came  to  Canada,  and  died  at  Ottawa 
when  she  was  eighty-five  years  of  age. 

Alexander  Morrison  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
community  and  there  he  afterward  served  a  five  years'  apprenticeship  to  the 
builder's  and  millwright's  trades,  mastering  these  occupations  in  principle  and 
detail  and  thus  early  laying  the  foundation  of  his  future  great  success.  After 
serving  the  required  term  he  went  to  Govan,  on  the  Clyde,  and  there  followed 
shipbuilding  from  1869  to  1871,  after  which  he  turned  his  attention  to  general 
contracting.  He  came  to  Canada  in  1871  and  resumed  his  occupation  as  a  con- 
"tractor,  a  business  in  which  he  has  been  active  and  successful  since  that  time. 
At  first  he  devoted  his  time  mainly  to  the  erection  of  industrial  plants  and  many 
of  the  buildings  which  house  the  most  important  business  concerns  in  eastern 
Canada  are  the  products  of  his  skill  and  labor,  prominent  among  these  being 
the  Magog  Textile  Mills  at  Magog,  Quebec.  In  1891  Mr.  Morrison  came  west 


ALEXANDER  MORRISON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  213 

to  British  Columbia  and  in  New  Westminster  became  associated  with  Dan 
McGillivray  and  W.  H.  Armstrong  in  the  building  of  the  city  waterworks  sys- 
tem, Mr.  Morrison  being  superintendent  of  their  steel  pipe  department.  In  the 
following  year  he  formed  a  partnership  with  Mr.  Armstrong  and  they  thus 
began  an  association  which  has  been  productive  of  excellent  results  to  the  present 
time.  The  partners  purchased  the  McGillivray  plant  at  New  Westminster  and 
moved  it  to  Vancouver,  upon  the  old  site  of  the  Vancouver  foundry,  where  they 
conducted  an  immense  machine  shop  and  pipe  manufacturing  plant.  Both  being 
well  known  in  industrial  circles  as  men  of  unusual  ability  and  enterprise,  they 
rapidly  became  identified  with  a  great  deal  of  important  work,  their  first  contract 
being  for  the  construction  of  a  huge  water  main  from  Main  street  to  the  reser- 
voir in  Stanley  Park,  and  they  later  completed  the  system  from  the  narrows  to 
the  dam.  In  October,  1897,  they  began  the  construction  of  the  railroad  from 
Moyie  lake  to  Kootenay  Landing,  including  a  long  trestle  at  the  head  of  Kootenay 
lake  and  a  transfer  slip.  This  was  completed  within  a  year  and  is  known  as 
Crow's  Nest  division  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway.  With  the  expansion  of 
their  business  they  began  the  manufacture  of  mining  machinery  and  they  made 
and  installed  some  of  the  largest  hydraulic  mining  plants  ever  used  in  British 
Columbia,  among  them  being  the  equipment  for  the  Horse  Fly  gold  mines  on  the 
Horse  Fly  river,  the  Bullion  mines  at  Quesnel  and  many  others  of  lesser  im- 
portance. In  1901  they  sold  this  plant  to  the  Vancouver  Engineering  Company 
and  started  in  the  street  building  and  paving  business  in  Vancouver,  this  enter- 
prise proving  as  important  and  profitable  as  their  previous  business.  They  have 
paved  many  of  the  principal  thoroughfares  in  the  city  with  creosote  blocks  and 
bituminous  rock  and  following  the  completion  of  this  work  in  1902  they  turned 
their  attention  to  bridge  building,  a  special  line  of  work  in  which  they  have 
attained  great  distinction,  the  company's  name  being  coupled  with  the  successful 
completion  of  important  bridge  construction  work  throughout  the  province.  They 
built  the  bridge  across  the  Fraser  river  at  New  Westminster  for  the  provincial 
government  and  the  partners  count  this  among  their  most  distinguished  ac- 
complishments since  their  association  because  of  the  remarkable  feats  of  engineer- 
ing which  were  necessary  before  all  the  difficulties  could  be  overcome  and  the 
work  completed.  Against  two  diverse  currents  they  were  obliged  to  sink  some  of 
the  deepest  piers  in  the  world,  one  measuring  one  hundred  and  forty  feet  below 
water  surface,  a  pier  in  Australia  one  hundred  and  forty-one  feet  deep  being  its 
only  rival.  They  have  since  built  the  Canadian  Northern  Railway  bridge  across 
False  creek,  the  Granville  street  and  Main  street  bridges  in  Vancouver,  a  govern- 
ment bridge  across  the  Columbia  river  at  Trail,  British  Columbia,  five  across  the 
Thompson  river  for  tire  Canadian  Northern  Railway  and  two  across  the  Fraser  for 
the  same  corporation.  These  seven  last  mentioned  bridges  were  begun  at  the 
same  time,  in  August,  1912,  and  all  were  completed  early  in  May,  1913,  the 
rapidity  with  which  the  work  was  accomplished  requiring  the  maintenance  of  a 
large  plant  in  the  building  of  each  structure.  From  the  importance  of  the  work 
with  which  Armstrong,  Morrison  &  Company,  Limited,  have  been  entrusted  may 
be  judged  to  some  extent  its  standing  in  industrial  circles,  the  prominence  of  its 
members,  the  prestige  of  its  name.  Its  continued  success  has  been  founded  on 
the  harmony  which  exists  between  its  members — a  harmony  which  since  1892 
has  made  the  life  of  one  of  the  partners  virtually  the  life  of  the  other,  so  closely 
have  they  been  associated  and  with  such  success  have  they  worked  together. 
In  1897  W.  C.  Ditmars  entered  their  employ  and  in  1903  was  admitted  to  a  part- 
nership and  in  the  same  year  Robert  Armstrong  also  joined  the  firm.  The  ac- 
tivities of  these  four  men  have  been  of  such  a  nature  that  they  have  been  insepa- 
rably connected  with  provincial  upbuilding,  their  names  standing  among  the 
makers  of  provincial  history  and  their  work  forming  one  of  the  elements  in  the 
greatness  and  growth  of  the  city  of  Vancouver.  Naturally  a  man  of  Mr.  Morri- 
son's force  of  personality,  ability  and  high  position  has  been  carried  forwa'rd  in 
the  course  of  years  into  important  relations  with  the  general  business  life  and 
he  has  become  connected  with  a  great  many  representative  business  institutions, 


214  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

being  a  director  in  the  Clayburn  Company,  of  Clayburn,  British  Columbia,  the 
Vancouver  Granite  Company  and  the  Keremeos  Land  Company.  He  belongs  to 
the  Vancouver  Board  of  Trade  and  is  always  to  be  found  among  the  leaders  in 
the  promotion  of  projects  of  civic  development  and  growth. 

On  the  pth  of  June,  1876,  Mr.  Morrison  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mar- 
garet Birnie,  of  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  they  have  one  son,  Donald  R.,  who  is 
in  business  in  Vancouver.  Mr.  Morrison  is  a  member  of  St.  John's  Presbyterian 
church  and  from  1910  to  1912  served  as  president  of  both  the  Caledonian  and 
the  Gaelic  Societies.  He  has  sought  and  found  much  recreation  in  extensive 
travel.  In  Montreal  he  served  for  nine  years  with  the  Royal  Scots  of  that  city. 
He  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  in  1910  was  defeated 
for  the  office  of  mayor  of  Vancouver,  the  large  vote  which  he  polled,  however, 
evidencing  his  popularity  and  prominence.  In  the  course  of  a  business  career  in 
this  city  covering  twenty-one  years  his  contributions  to  municipal  development 
have  been  many  and  substantial  and  his  name  stands  as  a  synonym  for  progress, 
advancement  and  growth.  He  is  numbered  among  the  real  builders  of  the  city, 
among  those  who  build  for  all  time,  making  their  work  of  inestimable  present 
value  and  setting  a  high  standard  for  those  who  follow  after. 


STUART  LIVINGSTON. 

Stuart  Livingston  who  was  called  to  the  bar  in  1889,  has  been  in  practice  in 
Vancouver  since  1899.  He  is  the  son  of  Thomas  C.  and  Belvidera  (Warner) 
Livingston,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Ontario,  and  received  his  early  educa- 
tion in  the  public  schools  in  Hamilton  and  was  later  graduated  from  Toronto 
University  with  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Laws  in  1889.  The  same  year  he  was 
called  to  the  bar  and  immediately  afterwards  entered  upon  active  practice  in 
Hamilton  in  which  he  continued  until  1899,  when  he  removed  to  Vancouver 
and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia,  his  firm  at  the  present  time  being 
known  as  Livingston,  Garrett  King  &  O'Dell.  In  his  early  years  Mr.  Livingston 
devoted  some  time  to  art  and  literature. 

Mr.  Livingston  was  married  to  Miss  Maud  Chrysler  of  Hamilton  and  they 
have  three  children,  Garrett,  Eleanor  and  David.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Van- 
couver, Terminal  City,  Jockey  and  Jericho  Country  Clubs.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  Masonic  order  and  a  conservative  in  politics. 


F.   THOMAS   COPE. 

The  growth  of  Vancouver  is  one  of  the  miracles  of  the  west.  Results  have 
been  accomplished  in  an  astonishingly  short  space  of  time,  making  this  one  of 
the  metropolitan  cities  of  the  coast,  with  its  ramifying  trade  and  business  inter- 
ests reaching  out  in  all  directions.  Every  line  of  activity,  almost,  is  here  repre- 
sented and  at  the  head  of  business  enterprises  are  men  of  marked  energy  and 
determination  who  are  making  use  of  their  opportunities  and  are  contributing  to 
the  growth  and  upbuilding  of  the  city  as  well  as  to  individual  success.  Such  a 
man  is  found  in  F.  T.  Cope,  president  of  the  firm  of  Cope  &  Son,  Ltd.,  dealers 
in  electrical  supplies.  He  was  born  in  Oxford,  England,  July  9,  1860,  and  is  a. 
son  of  Thomas  and  Amelia  Cope,  the  former  an  officer  in  the  English  army.  At 
the  usual  age  the  son  entered  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  and  continued 
his  education  until  he  had  mastered  the  high-school  branches.  His  arrival  in 
Canada  occurred  in  the  year  1879,  at  which  time  he  took  up  his  abode  in  Mani- 
toba. '  He  was  engaged  in  general  contracting  in  Winnipeg  and  Brandon  and 
built  a  large  number  of  the  more  prominent  buildings  in  the  latter  city.  For 
eighteen  years  he  was  identified  with  that  province,  but  in  1897  continued  his 


F.   THOMAS   COPE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  217 

westward  journey  until  he  reached  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  made  his 
home.  Here  he  established  his  present  business  as  a  dealer  in  electrical  sup- 
plies and  in  1905  his  sons,  Bert  F.  and  Frank  R.,  were  admitted  to  a  partnership, 
the  business  being  continued  under  the  firm  name  of  Cope  &  Son  until  1909, 
when  it  was  incorporated  as  Cope  &  Son,  Ltd.,  the  father  becoming  president 
of  the  company.  The  sons  are  both  still  interested  in  the  business,  to  which  they 
devote  their  time  and  energies,  and  the  enterprise,  determination,  close  applica- 
tion and  reliable  business  methods  of  the  partners  have  brought  them  a  large 
degree  of  success,  which  is  continuously  increasing.  The  father  has  also  been  a 
director  in  a  number  of  local  concerns,  but  at  the  present  time  is  concentrating  his 
energies  upon  the  electrical  supply  business. 

On  the  ist  of  December,  1884,  in  Gladstone,  Manitoba,  Mr.  Cope  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Margery  West,  a  daughter  of  W.  H.  and  Isabella  West,  the 
former  an  extensive  farmer  and  landowner  of  Gladstone.  The  children  of  this 
marriage  are  the  two  sons  previously  mentioned  as  associates  of  their  father  in 
business.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cope  hold  membership  in  the  English  church.  His 
political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party  and  his  fraternal  relations 
are  with  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows. 
The  hope  that  led  him  to  seek  a  home  in  the  new  world  has  been  here  realized, 
for  in  the  freedom  and  appreciation  of  this  great  and  growing  western  country 
he  has  found  the  opportunities  he  sought  and  in  their  utilization  has  gained  a  sub- 
stantial position  among  the  representative,  practical  and  progressive  business  men 
of  his  adopted  city. 

CHARLES  J.  LOEWEN. 

Cnarles  J.  Loewen,  financial,  real-estate,  loan  and  insurance  agent,  and  now 
senior  partner  of  the  firm  of  Loewen,  Harvey  &  Preston,  Ltd.,  has  gained,  through 
the  exercise  of  opportunity  and  the  possession  of  supreme  and  well  developed 
ability,  an  enviable  place  in  financial  circles  in  Vancouver.  He  is  a  western  man, 
possessed  of  the  spirit  of  enterprise  and  progressiveness  which  is  characteristic 
of  the  Pacific  coast  country.  He  was  born  in  Victoria,  February  22,  1867,  and  is 
a  son  of  Joseph  and  Eva  (Laumeister)  Loewen.  The  father,  a  native  of  Ediger, 
Prussia,  born  in  1832,  sailed  for  the  United  States  in  1850,  and  settled  first  in 
New  York  city.  In  1856  he  removed  to  California,  where  for  two  years  he 
engaged  in  mining,  and  in  1858  came  to  British  Columbia,  arriving  in  Victoria 
on  the  4th  of  July  of  that  year.  He  followed  various  occupations  until  1870, 
when  in  association  with  Mr.  Erb  he  founded  the  Victoria  Brewery,  Loewen  & 
Erb,  proprietors.  He  was  active  in  the  management  of  the  business  under  that 
name  until  1892,  when  a  reorganization  was  effected  under  the  name  of  the  Vic- 
toria Phoenix  Brewery,  Ltd.,  of  which  Mr.  Loewen  remained  as  president  until 
his  death  in  1906.  Under  his  guidance  the  business  grew  and  developed  as  the 
standard  of  excellence  of  its  product  became  known  and  as  his  firm  established 
its  reputation  for  progressive  methods  and  reliable  dealing.  Mr.  Loewen  was, 
moreover,  widely  known  as  a  pioneer  settler  of  this  section  of  the  country,  wit- 
nessing its  entire  growth  and  development  and  taking  active  and  helpful  part  in 
the  work  of  general  progress  and  improvement. 

Charles  J.  Loewen  was  reared  in  Victoria  and  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  there,  after  which  he  attended  Trinity  College  School  at  Port  Hope, 
Ontario.  He  next  entered  Trinity  University  at  Toronto  and  was  graduated  in 
1887  with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  He  then  pursued  a  post-graduate  course  and  won 
the  Master  of  Arts  degree  from  his  alma  mater  in  1889.  At  the  same  time  he  was 
pursuing  the  study  of  law  at  Osgoode  College,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in 
1890.  He  did  not  take  up  the  practice  of  law,  but  his  knowledge  thereof  has 
been  of  immense  value  to  him  in  the  conduct  of  his  present  business.  On 
returning  to  Victoria  he  entered  the  real-estate  and  financial  brokerage  field  in 


218  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

1891  with  the  firm  of  H.  E.  Croasdaile  &  Company,  with  whom  he  remained 
until  1893,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  embarked  in  the  same  line  of 
business,  but  this  time  on  his  own  account.  He  has  since  become  well  known 
as  a  financial,  real-estate,  loan  and  insurance  agent  of  this  city,  being  now  senior 
partner  of  the  firm  of  Loewen,  Harvey  &  Preston,  Ltd.  The  business  was  organ- 
ized in  its  present  partnership  relation  in  1905,  no  change  occurring  save  that  a 
Mr.  Humble,  one  of  the  early  partners,  has  been  succeeded  by  Sir  Jacob  Preston, 
of  England.  Mr.  Loewen  is  the  president  of  this  company,  which  is  conducting 
business  as  financial  agents  and  real-estate,  insurance  and  stock  brokers,  their 
specialty  being  the  negotiation  of  first  mortgage  loans  on  city  property.  They 
also  undertake  investments  in  new  buildings,  the  erection  and  management  of 
business  and  office  buildings,  and  they  carry  on  a  general  rental  business  in 
that  class  of  property.  The  firm  has  membership  in  the  Vancouver  and  Victoria 
Stock  Exchanges  and  is  an  extensive  dealer  in  all  classes  of  listed  stocks  and 
shares,  government  and  municipal  bonds.  Aside  from  this  Mr.  Loewen  has 
various  financial  interests  and  is  a  director  and  officer  in  a  number  of  corporatipns. 
He  is  recognized  as  a  man  of  notably  sound  judgment  and  remarkably  keen 
insight  and  discrimination.  A  study  of  the  business  situation  has  given  him 
comprehensive  knowledge  of  investment  values,  enabling  him  to  carefully  pro- 
tect the  interests  of  his  clients  and  at  the  same  time  manage  business  affairs  to 
the  satisfaction  of  patrons  and  purchasers  alike. 

On  the  27th  of  June,  1898,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Loewen  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Edith  Warren,  a  daughter  of  Colonel  Falkland  George  Warren,  C.  B., 
C.  M.  G.,  R.  H.  A.  Their  children  are  Eva  Maud  and  Charles  Falkland. 

Mr.  Loewen  served  as  a  private  in  the  Queen's  Own  Rifles  at  Toronto  from 
1885  until  1887.  He  is  a  prominent  clubman,  identified  with  various  organiza- 
tions of  this  character  on  the  coast  including  the  Vancouver,  Royal  Vancouver 
Yacht,  Vancouver  Hunt  and  Jericho  Country  Clubs  of  Vancouver;  the  Union 
Club  of  Victoria,  and  the  Royal  Automobile  Club  of  London,  England.  He  is  also 
a  member  of  the  Society  of  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia,  and  is  a  devotee  of 
rod  and  gun,  while  among  indoor  sports  he  is  an  expert  billiard  player.  His 
recreation  maintains  an  even  balance  with  strenuous  business  activity,  and  he 
has  learned  to  play  hard  as  well  as  work  hard,  entering  into  everything  with 
zest  and  a  contagious  enthusiasm. 


JOSEPH  DIXON. 

Joseph  Dixon,  a  well  known  manufacturer  of  Vancouver,  owning  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  firm  of  Dixon  &  Murray  a  large  and  well  equipped  plant  for  the 
manufacture  of  a  general  line  of  office  and  store  fixtures,  has  developed  a  large 
and  gratifying  business  as  the  direct  result  of  methods  which  neither  seek  nor 
require  disguise.  In  fact,  there  is  no  esoteric  chapter  in  his  life  history  and 
careful  analysis  brings  to  light  the  fact  that  industry,  laudable  ambition  and 
energy  have  been  the  salient  forces  in  placing  him  among  those  who  are  fore- 
most in  business  circles  in  Vancouver  today.  Moreover,  as  a  citizen  he  is  ever 
progressive  and  he  has  been  a  witness  of  almost  the  entire  growth  and  progress 
of  Vancouver  since  it  rose  Phoenix-like  from  the  ashes  in  1886.  He  was  born  in 
Cumberland  county,  England,  October  2,  1860,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Martha 
(Watson)  Dixon.  The  father,  who  was  a  farmer  of  Cumberland  county,  died 
several  months  prior  to  the  birth  of  his  son,  Joseph. 

The  boy  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Newbiggin,  England,  and 
as  a  youth  was  apprenticed  to  the  carpenter's  trade  at  Brampton,  near  Gaesland, 
England.  After  serving  his  apprenticeship  he  worked  at  carpentering  at  Dur- 
ham, England,  until  1880,  when  the  opportunities  of  the  new  world  proved  an 
irresistible  attraction  and  he  came  to  Canada,  settling  in  Winnipeg,  where  he  fol- 
lowed carpentering  until  1883.  In  that  year  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  locat- 


JOSEPH  DIXON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  221 

ing  at  Victoria,  where  he  worked  at  his  trade  until  1886 — the  year  of  his  arrival 
in  Granville,  now  Vancouver — where  he  has  since  remained.  He  reached  this 
city  just  prior  to  the  great  fire  of  June  I3th  which  completely  destroyed  this 
village  and  all  of  Mr.  Dixon's  effects.  With  the  rebuilding  of  the  city  he  had 
no  difficulty  in  finding  work  at  his  trade  and  was  thus  engaged  until  1890,  when 
he  began  operating  as  a  carpenter-contractor  on  a  small  scale,  the  fourteen-by- 
twenty-feet,  one-story  building  in  which  he  started  still  standing  in  the  rear  of 
No.  136  Water  street,  'forming  a  striking  contrast  to  their  present  handsome  and 
valuable  structure.  He  was  successful  from  the  first,  and  soon  built  up  a  fine 
business,  his  expert  workmanship,  his  fidelity  to  the  terms  of  a  contract  and  his 
honorable  dealing  on  all  occasions  being  the  elements  in  his  growing  success. 
He  operated  alone  until  1905,  when  he  entered  into  partnership  with  E.  O.  Lyte 
under  the  firm  name  of  Dixon  &  Lyte  and  at  the  same  time  began  the  manufac- 
ture of  store  and  office  fixtures,  establishing  a  mill  on  Fender  street  in  this 
city.  This  partnership  was  continued  until  1907,  in  which  year  their  plant  was 
destroyed  by  fire.  Soon  afterward  Mr.  Dixon  entered  into  partnership  with 
George  Murray  under  the  firm  name  of  Dixon  &  Murray,  which  association  is 
still  maintained.  They  erected  a  new  plant  at  Dunsmuir  street,  in  which  they 
manufacture  all  kinds  of  office  and  store  fixtures,  conducting  a  growing  and  sat- 
isfactory business.  Their  plant  is  modern  in  its  equipment,  displaying  the  latest 
improved  machinery  needed  in  their  line,  and  year  by  year  their  patronage  has 
increased,  for  they  ever  recognize  the  fact  that  satisfied  patrons  are  the  best 
advertisement  and  thus  they  have  endeavored  to  please  the  public  in  every  possi- 
ble way  commensurate  with  a  high  sense  of  business  honor  and  integrity.  In 
connection  with  their  manufacturing  interests  they  conduct  a  general  carpenter- 
ing, contracting  and  jobbing  business  which  has  also  extensive  proportions  and 
returns  to  them  a  gratifying  income.  In  addition  Mr.  Dixon  has  other  business 
and  financial  interests. 

On  the  1 5th  of  May,  1892,  was  celebrated  the  marriage  of  Joseph  Dixon  and 
Katherine  Cottier,  a  daughter  of  Robert  C.  Cottier,  of  Liverpool,  England.  She 
came  to  British  Columbia  with  her  family  after  the  death  of  her  father  and  her 
marriage  to  Mr.  Dixon  was  solemnized  in  Vancouver.  Living  in  this  city  for 
twenty-seven  years,  Mr.  Dixon  has  witnessed  almost  its  entire  growth  and  develop- 
ment. In  fact,  he  has  seen  Vancouver  rise  from  the  ashes  of  Granville,  has 
watched  its  transformation  and  has  borne  his  full  part  in  the  work  of  general 
progress  and  improvement,  being  at  all  times  a  public-spirited  and  progressive 
citizen  whose  labors  have  been  productive  of  much  good. 


WILLIAM  JOHN  HADDOCK. 

Commercial  activity  finds  a  worthy  representative  in  William  John  Haddock, 
of  the  wholesale  produce  firm  of  Parsons-Haddock  Company,  Ltd.  He  was 
born  in  Drayton,  Ontario,  February  12,  1878,  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Mary 
(Mannell)  Haddock.  The  father,  leaving  his  old  home  in  the  vicinity  of  Dublin, 
Ireland,  in  1840,  came  to  Canada  when  a  young  man,  settling  near  Holland, 
Ontario,  in  the  Queen's  Bush,  where  he  took  up  wild  land,  which  he  cleared  and 
developed,  converting  it  into  an  excellent  farm.  He  there  carried  on  general 
agricultural  pursuits  for  a  quarter  of  a  century,  when  he  retired  and  removed  to 
Drayton,  Ontario,  where  he  made  his  home  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
1902.  Mrs.  Haddock  survives  her  husband  and  is  now  a  resident  of  Vancouver. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Palmerston,  Ontario,  William  John  Haddock  pursued 
his  early  education  and  afterward  attended  high  school  at  Listowel,  Ontario.  In 
1-^)4  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  Company  in  the  ticket 
office  at  Palmerston,  where  he  continued  until  1898,  when  he  went  to  the  Cariboo 
district  of  British  Columbia  and  entered  the  employ  of  Veith  &  Borland,  general 
icrchants,  at  150  Mile  House,  there  remaining  until  1903,  when  he  came  to  Van- 

Vol.  Ill—  8 


222  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

couver  and  formed  a  partnership  with  John  R.  Parsons  in  the  wholesale  produce 
business,  organizing  the  firm  of  Parsons-Haddock  Company,  Ltd.,  under  which 
style  the  business  has  since  been  continued.  The  beginning  was  small,  but  the 
enterprise  has  been  developed  until  they  are  now  prominent  factors  in  their  line, 
conducting  a  large  busines  extending  over  the  entire  province.  Their  methods 
are  progressive  and  their  enterprise  unfaltering.  For  a  number  of  years  Mr. 
Haddock  traveled  on  the  road  in  the  interests  of  the  firm,  but  now  gives  his  undi- 
vided attention  to  the  general  management  of  the  business  in  Vancouver,  its 
growth  rendering  this  a  necessity. 

On  the  i4th  of  September,  1904,  Mr.  Haddock  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Gertrude  Hall,  a  daughter  of  S.  F.  Hall,  of  150  Mile  House,  formerly  postmaster 
there  and  now  living  in  Vancouver.  They  have  one  child,  Mary  Gertrude.  In 
politics  Mr.  Haddock  is  a  conservative,  but  the  honors  and  emoluments  of  office 
have  no  attraction  for  him.  He  belongs  to  the  Canadian  Order  of  Foresters  and 
to  the  United  Commercial  Travelers  of  America.  Something  more  of  the  nature 
of  the  diversity  of  his  interests  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  holds  member- 
ship in  the  Terminal  City  Club  and  in  the  Church  of  England.  He  has  never  had 
occasion  to  regret  his  determination  to  seek  a  home  in  the  new  and  growing 
west,  with  its  broader  opportunities,  for  here  he  has  found  full  scope  for  his 
energy  and  perseverance — his  dominant  qualities — whereby  he  has  worked  his 
way  upward  from  a  comparatively  humble  position  to  a  recognized  place  of 
prominence  in  commercial  circles. 


WILLIAM  HENRY  ARMSTRONG. 

So  prominent  a  part  has  William  Henry  Armstrong  played  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  northwest,  that  no  history  of  Vancouver  or  of  British  Columbia 
would  be  complete  were  there  failure  to  make  mention  of  his  life  record.  He  is 
today  one  of  the  prominent  and  highly  esteemed  residents  of  Vancouver,  carry- 
ing on  with  his  other  partners,  an  extensive  and  important  contracting  business 
under  the  firm  name  of  Armstrong,  Morrison  &  Company,  Limited.  He  was 
born  at  Stratford,  Ontario,  September  18,  1857,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and 
Martha  (Cargill)  Armstrong,  the  former  a  native  of  Darlington,  England, 
and  the  latter  of  the  north  of  Ireland.  They  were  married  in  Ontario,  where 
the  father  conducted  business  as  a  contractor  and  railroad  builder  to  the  time 
of  his  death,  which  occurred  when  he  was  sixty-five  years  of  age.  His  widow 
is  still  active,  retaining  all  her  faculties  at  the  age  of  eighty  years,  and  resides 
in  Vancouver,  where  she  has  made  her  home  for  the  past  twenty-two  years. 

In  the  little  school  at  Granton,  a  small  town  west  of  Stratford,  Mr.  Arm- 
strong received  his  early  education.  At  the  age  of  sixteen  years  he  became  a 
switchman  on  the  old  Grand  Trunk  Railway.  In  1875,  when  eighteen  years 
of  age,  he  engaged  with  the  bridge  construction  department  of  the  Ontario 
division  of  that  railway,  and  after  several  years  of  service,  he  decided  to  leave 
home  and  start  for  the  then  little  known  west.  In  March,  1877,  he  arrived 
in  Winnipeg,  and  shortly  afterwards  entered  the  employ  of  the  late  Joseph 
Whitehead,  who  was  just  entering  upon  the  construction  of  that  very  difficult 
portion  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  known  as  section  15.  He  remained 
with  Mr.  Whitehead  as  master  mechanic  until  the  completion  of  the  work  in 
1883.  In  that  year  he  decided  to  go  still  further  west,  following  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway  construction,  and  he,  with  M.  J.  Haney,  who  was  manager  of 
construction  for  Mr.  Whitehead,  left  that  part  of  the  country  and  arrived  in 
Victoria  on  the  i5th  of  March.  From  there  he  went  to  Yale  and  entered  the 
service  of  Andrew  Onderdonk,  who  was  carrying  out  the  construction  of  the 
British  Columbia  section  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  which  work  was 
completed  in  the  fall  of  1885.  Mr.  Armstrong  then  continued  with  Mr.  Onder- 
donk who  operated  the  road  for  nearly  a  year,  running  trains  from  Port -Moody 


WILLIAM  H.  ARMSTRONG 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  225 

to  Kamloops.  In  1886  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway 
as  train  master  and  general  road  master,  which  position  he  held  for  about  two 
years.  A  publication  some  years  later,  wrote  of  him  in  connection  with  the 
Pioneer  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  train  arriving  in  Vancouver  on  June  6, 
1886,  as  follows :  "In  charge  of  that  epoch-making  train  that  arrived  even  ahead 
of  the  train  despatchers,  or  before  train  schedules  were  made  out,  was  'Big  Bill,' 
now  more  decorously  referred  to  as  Mr.  William  H.  Armstrong,  head  of  the 
well  known  local  contracting  firm  of  Armstrong,  Morrison  &  Company,  Limited. 
His  title  in  those  early  days  was  manager  of  construction.  He  has  charge  of 
track-laying  and  the  completion  of  that  portion  of  the  line  between  Port  Moody, 
which  had  been  used  as  a  temporary  terminus,  and  Vancouver  which  had  some 
time  previous  been  decided  on  as  the  actual  terminus." 

In  1887  Mr.  Armstrong  turned  his  attention  to  the  general  contracting  busi- 
ness, which  he  carried  on  independently.  Later  he  became  associated  with  Dan 
McGillivray  in  the  construction  of  the  New  Westminster  water  system.  In 
1892  he  formed  a  partnership  with  Alexander  Morrison,  which  exists  to  the 
present  day,  and  they  are  recognized  as  Vancouver's  pioneer  firm  of  contractors. 
They  purchased  the  McGillivray  plant  at  New  Westminster  and  removed  it  to 
Vancouver  upon  the  site  of  the  old  Vancouver  foundry,  conducting  a  large 
machine  shop  and  pipe  manufacturing  plant.  Important  contracts  were  quickly 
awarded  them,  their  first  being  for  the  construction  of  a  huge  water  main  on 
Main  street,  Vancouver,  to  the  reservoir  in  Stanley  Park,  and  they  later  com- 
pleted the  system  from  the  narrows  to  the  dam.  Gradually  they  extended  the 
scope  of  their  business  to  include  the  manufacture  of  mining  machinery,  and 
in  this  connection  made  and  installed  some  of  the  machinery  in  the  largest 
hydraulic  mining  plants  of  British  Columbia,  including  the  equipment  for  the 
Horse  Fly  gold  mines  on  the  Horse  Fly  river,  the  Bullion  mines  at  Quesnel 
and  many  others  of  lesser  importance.  In  1901  they  sold  this  plant  to  the 
Vancouver  Engineering  Works  Company  and  turned  their  attention  to  the 
street  paving  and  general  contracting  business  in  Vancouver,  in  which  they  again 
met  with  notable  and  well  merited  success.  They  have  paved  many  of  the 
principal  thoroughfares  of  the  city  with  creosoted  wood  blocks  and  bituminous 
rock.  In  1897  Mr.  Armstrong  undertook  and  successfully  completed  the  con- 
struction of  a  large  section  of  the  western  end  of  the  Crow's  Nest  branch  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway.  This  work  included  the  tunnel  at  the  head  of 
Moyie  lake  and  extended  to  and  included  the  long  trestle  and  transfer  slip  at 
Kootenay  Landing,  comprising  in  all  about  seventy  miles  of  railway,  which 
was  completed  in  the  record  time  of  twelve  months.  In  1902  they  took  up  the 
work  of  bridge  building  and  have  since  attained  great  distinction  in  that  con- 
nection, the  firm  name  being  coupled  with  the  successful  completion  of  impor- 
tant bridge  building  contracts  throughout  the  province.  They  built  the  bridge 
across  the  Fraser  river  at  New  Westminster  for  the  provincial  government 
in  which  there  were  accomplished  some  remarkable  feats  of  engineering.  Against 
two  diverse  currents  they  were  obliged  to  sink  some  of  the  deepest  piers  in 
the  world,  one  extending  one  hundred  and  forty  feet  below  the  surface  of  the 
water;  its  only  rival  being  a  pier  in  Australia,  which  is  one  hundred  and  forty- 
one  feet  below  the  surface.  They  have  since  built  the  Great  Northern  Railway 
bridge  across  False  creek,  the  Granville  and  Main  street  bridges  in  Vancouver, 
a  bridge  across  the  Columbia  river  at  Trail,  British  Columbia,  five  across  the 
Thompson  river  for  the  Canadian  Northern  Railway,  and  two  across  the  Fraser  for 
the  same  corporation.  These  seven  last  mentioned  bridges  were  begun  at  the 
same  time,  in  August,  1912,  and  were  all  completed  in  May,  1913,  the  rapidity 
with  which  the  work  was  accomplished  requiring  the  maintenance  of  a  large  plant 
in  the  vicinity  of  each  structure.  Much  more  might  be  written  concerning  the 
extent  and  importance  of  the  business  of  Messrs.  Armstrong,  Morrison  &  Com- 
pany, Liniited,  but  their  reputation  is  too  well  known  to  need  extensive  mention 
here.  They  rank  with  the  ablest  contractors  of  the  northwest  and  their  success 
has  been  builded  upon  the  personal  ability  and  business  integrity  and  enterprise 


226  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  the  principals.  In  1897  W.  C.  Ditmars  entered  their  employ  and  in  1903 
was  admitted  to  a  partnership.  In  the  same  year  Robert  Armstrong  also  joined 
the  firm.  No  company  in  the  history  of  the  province  has  had  a  more  active  part 
in  the  actual  upbuilding  of  this  great  country.  The  builders  of  the  railroads, 
the  bridges  and  the  machinery  for  the  development  of  the  mines  must  in  any 
country  be  classed  among  its  chief  promoters,  their  labors  proving  a  most  vital 
and  valuable  element  in  the  work  of  general  progress  and  improvement. 

Aside  from  his  connection  with  the  contracting  business,  Mr.  Armstrong 
has  various  other  interests,  being  a  British  Columbia  director  of  the  Graham 
Island  Coal  &  Timber  Syndicate,  Ltd.,  and  president  of  the  Clayburn  Company, 
Ltd.  The  latter  was  organized  in  1905  as  the  Vancouver  Fire  Clay  Company, 
Ltd.,  and  was  incorporated  in  1909  under  its  present  title.  They  have  the  largest 
plant  of  its  kind  in  British  Columbia,  around  which  they  have  built  the  town  of' 
Clayburn,  having  all  modern  facilities.  There  is  a  private  railroad  line  ex- 
tending through  the  town  to  the  plant  and  they  manufacture  all  kinds  of  build- 
ing and  fire  brick.  Mr.  Armstrong  is  also  president  of  the  Keremeos  Land  Com- 
pany, which  was  organized  in  1907  and  which  owns  more  than  two  thousand 
acres  of  valuable  fruit  land  in  the  Keremeos  district  of  the  Similkumeen.  Dur- 
ing the  last  few  years  in  which  the  company  has  been  operating  they  have  brought 
this  land  to  a  high  state  of  cultivation.  Mr.  Armstrong  is  now  building  a  beau- 
tiful home  in  the  heart  of  that  attractive  district,  in  which  he  owns  a  very  ex- 
tensive fruit  ranch.  On  this  place  he  grows  apples,  peaches,  pears  and  many 
other  varieties  of  fruit  that  are  unsurpassed  on  this  continent.  He  is  likewise 
managing  director  of  the  Nicola  Valley  Coal  &  Coke  Company,  Ltd.,  one  of  the 
large  coal  mining  companies  of  British  Columbia.  He  is  likewise  vice  president 
and  director  of  the  Pacific  Marine  Insurance  Company  of  Vancouver,  which 
is  composed  of  a  number  of  Vancouver's  most  representative  citizens,  Mr.  Arm- 
strong being  one  of  the  original  shareholders.  His  connection  with  any  business 
enterprise  is  to  his  fellow  citizens  a  guaranty  of  its  solidity  and  reliability,  and 
moreover,  his  connection  with  its  management  seems  to  be  a  sure  guaranty  of 
its  success. 

In  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  on  the  ist  of  June,  1885,  Mr.  Armstrong  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Ellen  Mildred  Ward,  of  England.  They  are  mem- 
bers of  St.  Paul's  Anglican  church,  and  Mr.  Armstrong  is  also  a  life  member 
of  Ancient  Landmark  Lodge,  No.  3,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  of  Winnipeg,  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Vancouver  Club  since  its  incorporation.  He  is  a  life  governor 
of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital  and  is  interested  in  many  projects  to  pro- 
mote the  welfare  of  the  individual  of  the  community  at  large.  In  politics  he  is 
a  conservative,  but  not  an  active  party  worker.  He  owned  the  first  automobile 
in  British  Columbia,  a  Stanley  Steamer,  which  he  purchased  in  Boston  and 
brought  to  this  province  in  1899.  There  is  today  a  no  more  enthusiastic  motor- 
ist in  British  Columbia  than  Mr.  Armstrong.  It  is  characteristic  of  him  that  he 
enters  into  everything  with  which  he  becomes  connected,  whether  it  be  pleasure, 
benevolent  projects,  church  work  or  business,  with  an  enthusiasm-  that  is  con- 
tagious. His  course  and  courage  inspire  confidence,  for  it  is  well  known  that 
he  is  ever  on  the  side  of  progress  and  that  his  business  activity  is  guided  by 
sound  principles. 


FRANK   NOBLE   TRITES. 

The  name  of  Trites,  Ltd.,  is  a  synonym  for  progressive  real-estate  activity. 
It  indicates  large  business  controlled  by  him  whose  name  introduces  this  review, 
for  to  his  credit  stand  various  record  sales  of  the  city.  There  was  a  time  when 
a  prospective  purchaser  would  hunt  out  the  owner  of  property  and  between  them 
would  be  concluded  the  transaction.  Today  practically  all  real-estate  .transfers 
go  through  the  hands  of  enterprising  men  who  have  made  a  close  study  of  the 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  227 

business  which  at  the  present  time  is  as  carefully  systematized  and  as  wisely 
directed  as  that  of  any  commercial,  manufacturing  or  industrial  concern.  The 
consensus  of  public  opinion  names  Frank  Noble  Trites  as  one  of  the  foremost 
factors  in  real-estate  circles  not  only  in  Vancouver  but  in  all  British  Columbia. 
He  was  born  in  the  province  of  New  Brunswick,  April  8,  1872,  and  is  a  son  of 
Isaiah  and  Mary  E.  (Steeves)  Trites,  both  of  whose  ancestors  were  members  of  a 
colony  who  settled  in  the  vicinity  of  what  is  now  Moncton,  New  Brunswick,  about 
1700,  coming  to  the  new  world  from  Germany.  They  were  among  the  first  settlers 
in  that  section  of  tfle  American  continent.  Three  or  four  families  made  the 
voyage,  the  Trites  being  represented  by  a  father  and  seven  sons.  They  landed 
in  the  fall  of  the  year,  expecting  their  provision  ship  to  follow,  but  it  never 
arrived,  and  the  colonists  had  a  hard  winter,  living  as  best  they  could  on  such 
food  as  they  could  obtain  from  the  Indians  until  they  could  plant  and  raise  a 
crop  the  following  year.  The  Trites  family  is  today  a  very  large  and  influential 
one  in  Canada,  the  descendants  of  the  original  settlers  being  widely  scattered  over 
the  Dominion. 

The  ancestral  home  was  maintained  in  the  vicinity  of  Moncton  for  many 
years,  and  in  the  public  schools  of  that  place  Frank  Noble  Trites  pursued  his 
education.  His  people  were  connected  with  agricultural  interests  and  he  remained 
upon  the  home  farm  until  seventeen  years  of  age.  When  it  came  time  for  him  to 
enter  business  circles  he  considered  the  question  of  a  favorable  location  and 
determined  to  try  his  fortune  in  the  west.  Accordingly  in  1889  he  left  home — 
then  a  young  man  of  seventeen  years — and  went  to  Seattle,  Washington,  where 
he  engaged  on  a  milk  ranch  for  a  short  time  until  he  became  familiar  with  the 
country.  He  then,  in  1890,  crossed  the  border  and  became  a  resident  of  British 
Columbia,  settling  at  Steveston,  where  he  built  and  conducted  a  boarding  house, 
continuing  in  that  business  for  a  year.  He  next  became  associated  with  George 
Blake  in  the  publication  of  the  Steveston  Enterprise,  a  weekly  paper,  which  was 
later  removed  to  Wellington.  Mr.  Trites  then  embarked  in  merchandising,  con- 
ducting a  general  store  at  Steveston,  and  later  he  joined  the  gold  rush  to  the  Atlin 
district,  where  he  prospected  for  several  months.  On  his  return  to  Steveston  he 
engaged  in  the  hotel  business  and  at  the  same  time  began  acquiring  farm  lands 
which  he  developed  and  cultivated.  He  gradually  increased  his  investments  in 
farm  lands  in  that  neighborhood  and  still  has  large  and  valuable  holdings  in 
that  vicinity. 

Mr.  Trites'  active  connection  with  Vancouver  dates  from  1905,  in  which  year 
he  established  a  real-estate  office,  operating  alone  until  1909,  when  he  formed  the 
firm  of  Trites  &  Leslie.  After  a  few  months,  however,  he  purchased  his  part- 
ner's interest  and  organized  the  firm  of  F.  N.  Trites  &  Company,  Ltd.,  which 
company  was  afterward  recapitalized  and  became  the  present  firm  of  Trites,  Ltd. 
As  president  Mr.  Trites  is  now  the  executive  head  of  the  business.  The  company 
is  conducting  a  general  real-estate  and  financial  brokerage  business,  handling 
subdivisions  and  acreage  property,  and  they  are  very  large  operators  in  the  real- 
estate  field,  having  controlled  many  important  deals.  Mr.  Trites  is  thoroughly 
conversant  with  realty  values  not  only  in  this  city  but  in  other  sections  of  the 
province,  is  an  expert  valuator,  and  his  progressive  methods  have  carried  him  far 
beyond  the  ranks  of  the  majority.  Many  of  his  extensive  real-estate  operations 
have  attracted  attention  throughout  Canada,  the  United  States  and  even  abroad. 
One  such  was  the  sale,  in  1909,  of  the  Point  Grey  lands,  owned  by  the  government, 
a  record  sale,  in  which  the  firm  disposed  of  six  hundred  and  sixty  acres  for  the 
sum  of  two  million,  six  hundred  and  fourteen  thousand  dollars.  At  the  time  the 
tract  was  absolutely  wild  land  and  the  prices  obtained  were  unheard  of  for  such 
land.  Mr.  Trites  has  always  advertised  extensively  in  Canada,  the  United  States 
and  abroad,  and  during  the  sale  of  the  Point  Grey  lands  he  himself  bought  prop- 
erty to  the  value  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars.  This  land  is  now 
subdivided  and  constitutes  one  of  Vancouver's  most  beautiful  suburbs,  the  lots 
bringing  a  high  figure.  All  this  indicates  the  keen  discernment  and  foresight  of 
Mr.  Trites  whose  judgment  in  matters  of  business,  especially  real  estate,  is  seldom 


228  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

ever  at  fault.  He  made  a  personal  investigation  of  prices  all  over  the  United 
States  and  Canada  and  so  promoted  his  knowledge  that  he  became  recognized  as 
an  expert  valuator,  being  thus  able  to  satisfy  himself  that  when  he  was  discussing 
property  he  was  giving  correct  information  which  the  most  thorough  investigation 
would  bear  out.  Beside  his  important  and  growing  real-estate  business  he  also 
has  other  financial  interests,  being  secretary  and  director  of  the  Alexander  Land 
Company  and  the  Arcadia  Land  Company  and  president  of  the  recently  organized 
Gilford  Fish  Company,  Ltd.,  which  is  building  a  large  cannery  at  Kingcome  inlet. 
Aside  from  any  company  connection  Mr.  Trites  is  an  extensive  owner  of  both 
city  and  suburban  realty  and  farm  lands  and  his  holdings  bring  him  a  most 
gratifying  annual  return. 

In  1900  Mr.  Trites  was  married  to  Miss  Mamie  Pitts  and  following  her  demise 
he  was  married  in  1906  to  Miss  Frances  L.  Ferris,  who  was  born  near  Amherst- 
burg,  Ontario.  They  had  two  children,  but  one  is  now  deceased.  The  daughter, 
Helen,  is  with  her  parents.  Mr.  Trites  is  a  conservative  in  politics.  He  was  a 
councilman  of  Richmond  from  1906  to  1911,  and  was  the  first  to  propose  the 
establishment  of  a  water  supply  for  the  island  from  the  New  Westminster  plant 
for  the  township  of  Richmond.  His  labors  were  instrumental  in  securing  the 
adoption  of  this  plan,  and  today  the  farmers  and  in  fact  all  residents  of  the  island 
are  supplied  with  pure  water.  His  service  in  this  and  other  connections  has  been 
actuated  by  a  public-spirited  devotion  to  the  general  good.  He  belongs  to  the 
Vancouver  Commercial  Club,  and  there  is  no  man  in  the  city  who  is  more  loyal 
to  the  public  welfare  or  has  firmer  faith  in  what  the  future  has  in  store  for 
Vancouver.  He  never  heedlessly  passed  by  an  opportunity  to  advance  municipal 
interests  and  his  cooperation  is  heartily  and  zealously  given  to  many  measures 
which  have  had  direct  bearing  upon  its  welfare  and  upbuilding.  He  crossed  the 
continent  when  a  youth  of  seventeen  years,  dependent  upon  his  own  resources 
for  whatever  the  world  was  to  bring  him  of  enjoyment  or  success.  He  has 
reached  a  high  position  and  is  now  the  possessor  of  almost  all  things  that  men 
covet  as  of  value,  and  best  of  all,  he  has  won  it  by  his  unaided  exertions  and  his 
enterprise.  His  career  is  perhaps  too  near  for  its  significance  to  be  appraised  at  its 
true  value,  but  the  future  will  be  able  to  trace  the  tremendous  effect  of  his  labors 
upon  the  best  interests  and  upbuilding  of  the  city  which  he  makes  his  home. 


CECIL  GOWER  McLEAN. 

Cecil  Gower  McLean  is  president  of  the  Traders  Trust  Company,  Limited,  of 
Vancouver  and  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Western  Union  Fire  Insurance 
Company,  and  by  virtue  of  these  connections  and  the  commanding  ability  and 
force  of  personality  which  have  made  them  possible  one  of  the  representative 
young  business  men  of  the  city.  He  was  born  in  Charlottetown,  Prince  Edward 
Island,  in  1885  and  is  a  son  of  A.  A.  McLean,  who  has  represented  that  city  in 
the  Dominion  parliament  for  seven  years. 

Cecil  Gower  McLean  acquired  his  later  education  in  Prince  of  Wales  College 
at  Charlottetown,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1903.  Immediately  afterward 
he  moved  to  Edmonton,  Alberta,  where  he  entered  the  local  branch  of  the  Bank 
of  Nova  Scotia  as  a  clerk.  After  four  years  in  this  capacity  he  established  him- 
self in  the  real-estate  and  brokerage  business  in  Calgary,  remaining  in  this  con- 
nection for  a  year  and  a  half,  after  which  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  here  organ- 
ized the  Western  Union  Fire  Insurance  Company,  the  stockholders  of  which 
comprise  five  hundred  of  Western  Canada's  most  prominent  business  and  profes- 
sional men.  This  is  purely  a  western  company  and  has  become  an  important 
business  factor  in  this  part  of  the  Dominion,  for  its  growth  has  been  rapid  and 
its  influence  has  increased  yearly,  much  of  the  credit  for  this  gratifying  result 
being  due  to  the  energy,  business  acumen  and  enterprise  of  its  founder,  who 
since  1910  has  acted  as  secretary  and  treasurer.  The  concern  is  now  about  to 


CECIL  G.  McLEAX 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  231 

amalgamate  with  the  Ontario  Fire  Insurance  Company.  Mr.  McLean  has  given 
a  great  deal  of  time  and  attention  to  the  affairs  of  the  Western  Union  Fire 
Insurance  Company  but  has  been  active  in  other  fields  also,  being  a  man  of  wide 
interests  and  resourceful  ability.  In  June,  1912  he  organized  the  Traders  Trust 
Company,  Limited,  capitalized  at  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  and 
conducted  entirely  by  Vancouver  business  men.  Mr.  McLean  is  president  of  this 
concern  and  in  this  position,  calling  for  administrative  ability  and  organizing 
power  of  a  high  order,  has  accomplished  a  great  deal  of  constructive  and  far- 
sighted  work. 

In  Calgary,  Alberta,  in  the  spring  of  1907,  Mr.  McLean  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Ida  Locke,  of  Summerside,  Prince  Edward  Island,  and  they  have  become 
the  parents  of  two  children,  Ola  Millicent  and  Rex.  Mr.  McLean  is  a  conserva- 
tive in  his  political  beliefs  and  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  belongs 
to  the  Vancouver  Commercial  Club  and  is  interested  in  the  growth  of  the  city, 
cooperating  heartily  in  movements  to  promote  its  permanent  interest.  Although 
still  a  young  man  he  has  made  important  contributions  to  business  development, 
two  of  the  largest  concerns  in  Vancouver  owing  their  organization  to  his  initiative 
spirit  and  their  continued  progress  to  his  energy  and  enterprise.  The  future 
undoubtedly  holds  for  him  continued  advancement  along  business  lines  and 
notable  accomplishments  in  this  field,  for  he  possesses  in  his  energy,  integrity  and 
progressive  spirit  the  qualities  which  command  success. 


HUGH   B.   GILMOUR. 

No  history  of  the  business  or  political  development  of  British  Columbia  would 
be  complete  without  mention  of  Hugh  B.  Gilmour,  now  manager  of  the  Waterous 
Engine  Company  in  Vancouver  and  one  of  the  most  active,  able  and  progressive 
men  in  the  city.  Throughout  a  period  of  residence  here  dating  from  1888  he  has 
exerted  a  wide  influence  upon  the  development  of  some  of  its  most  important 
institutions  and,  being  at  all  times  high  in  his  ideals  and  worthy  in  his  standards, 
the  influence  has  been  a  force  for  good  in  community  advancement.  He  was 
born  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  in  1862,  and  is  a  son  of  Robert  and  Elizabeth  (Bowie) 
Gilmour,  natives  of  Barrhead,  Renfrewshire,  Scotland,  whence  they  moved  to 
Ontario  about  1854.  The  father  was  master  mechanic  for  the  Grand  Trunk 
Railroad  for  several  years  and  had  his  headquarters  in  Montreal  and  in  various 
parts  of  Ontario  until  1883,  when  he  went  to  Winnipeg  as  master  mechanic  for  the 
Canadian  Pacific  line.  He  became  well  known  in  the  line  of  work  which  claimed 
his  attention  during  all  of  his  active  career  and  his  prominence  carried  him  for- 
ward into  important  relations  with  it,  securing  him  a  position  as  master  mechanic 
for  the  Great  Northern  Railroad,  his  duties  in  that  capacity  bringing  him  to  the 
United  States.  He  died  in  Winnipeg  in  1890,  at  the  age  of  sixty-two,  and  was 
survived  by  his  wife  until  1911,  her  death  occurring  when  she  was  eighty-one 
years  of  age. 

Hugh  B.  Gilmour  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
province  and  afterward  attended  the  Ottawa  Collegiate  Institute.  After  he  had 
laid  aside  his  books  he  began  his  independent  career  in  Ottawa,  securing  a  position 
as  an  apprenticed  mechanical  engineer  for  the  Vulcan  Iron  Works  of  that  city. 
After  serving  his  apprenticeship  he  became  connected  with  the  John  Abel  Engine 
Works  at  Woodbridge,  Ontario,  and  there  remained  until  1883,  when  be  came 
west  as  master  mechanic  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  at  Calgary,  Alberta. 
He  was  identified  with  a  great  deal  of  important  construction  work  through  the 
mountains  and  in  all  parts  of  British  Columbia  and  in  1898  resigned  from  the 
service,  having  in  the  fifteen  years  of  his  connection  with  it  aided  in  the  great 
work  of  progress  and  development  which  has  made  British  Columbia  one  of  the 
greatest  of  the  Canadian  provinces. 


232  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

When  he  resigned  from  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Mr.  Gilmour  accepted 
the  position  of  manager  of  the  Waterous  Engine  Company,  the  main  office  and 
factory  being  located  at  Brantford,  Ontario.  He  has  control  of  the  western 
branch  covering  Vancouver  and  the  Yukon  territory  and  he  has  given  a  great 
deal  of  his  time,  energy  and  attention  to  the  development  of  the  concern,  the 
successful  and  rapid  expansion  of  which  is  largely  due  to  him. 

It  is  not  alone  along  business  lines,  however,  that  Mr.  Gilmour  has  done  splen- 
did work  for  British  Columbia.  Unlike  many  men  of  wealth  he  has  not  left 
political  service  for  others  but  has  felt  it  a  duty  and  an  obligation  to  serve  his 
fellowmen  when  they  have  indicated  their  desire  for  him  to  do  so.  In  1899  he  was 
elected  to  the  Vancouver  city  council,  and  during  the  time  of  his  able  and  bene- 
ficial service  served  as  chairman  of  the  police  and  fire  committee.  From  1901 
to  1903  he  represented  the  district  of  Vancouver  in  the  provincial  parliament, 
his  influence  during  that  time  being  always  on  the  side  of  right,  reform  and 
progress  and  his  vote  cast  only  for  measures  which  he  believed  would  promote 
the  best  interests  of  the  province. 

At  Woodbridge,  Ontario,  in  1882,  Mr.  Gilmour  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Alf  reda  Nester,  of  Neustadt,  Ontario,  and  they  have  three  sons :  Robert  Noble, 
who  is  associated  in  business  with  his  father;  Frank  Nester;  and  Stewart  Hugh. 
Mr.  Gilmour  was  president  of  the  Imperial  Trust  Company  during  the  existence 
of  that  concern  and  has  had  other  important  outside  business  connections.  He 
gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  liberal  party  and  has  important  fraternal  con- 
nection, being  a  member  of  Western  Star  Lodge,  No.  10,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  and  of  Cas- 
cade Lodge,  No.  12,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  has  attained  a  position  of  distinction  in 
the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  being  past  grand  master  of  the  grand 
lodge  of  British  Columbia.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Terminal  City  Club,  and  he 
and  his  wife  are  well  known  in  social  circles.  Mr.  Gilmour  is  a  man  of  marked 
individuality,  strong  character  and  stalwart  purpose,  who  in  citizenship,  in  business 
relations  and  in  private  life  commands  the  respect  of  all  with  whom  he  has  been 
brought  in  contact. 


RT.  REV.  ADAM  URIAS  DE  PENCIER., 

A  spiritual  leader  and  a  man  practical  in  the  affairs  of  the  world,  one  whose 
purity  of  purpose  is  acknowledged  by  all,  Rt.  Rev.  Adam  Urias  de  Pencier,  bishop 
of  New  Westminster,  exerts  a  vast  influence  over  the  people  of  his  diocese — an 
influence  even  greater  than  that — over  all  the  people  of  his  province.  An  inces- 
sant worker  in  the  ranks  of  the  Anglican  church,  actively  interested  in  civic 
affairs,  his  church  is  under  his  able  guidance  making  great  advances.  He  is  one 
of  those  genial  men  readily  understanding  the  springs  of  human  conduct,  one 
who  reads  deep  in  the  lives  of  his  fellow  beings,  understands  them  and  gives 
readily  his  best  efforts  to  help  and  guide  them.  Under  his  stimulating  influence 
his  diocese  is  growing  fast  and  he  manages  its  affairs  with  a  strong  hand  and 
that  kindly  persuasion  which  ever  exerts  an  influence  upon  human  beings  and 
brings  them  around  the  standard  of  a  leader. 

Born  at  Burritts  Rapids,  Ontario,  on  February  9,  1866,  Adam  U.  de 
Pencier  is  a  son  of  P.  Theodore  and  Sarah  de  Pencier.  The  father  was  a  mill 
owner  and  farmer  and  a  grandson  of  another  Theodore  von  Pencier,  an  officer 
in  Baron  of  Riedesel's  Dragoons,  part  of  the  Hessian  contingent  serving 
under  the  British  crown  in  the  American  war  of  independence  under  Burgoyne. 
The  father  was  born  on  the  banks  of  the  Rideau  river,  on  land  given  by  the 
government  for  services  rendered.  Bishop  de  Pencier's  mother's  people  were 
Eastmans  of  Pennsylvania  but  originally  from  Kent,  England,  and  of  United 
Empire  Loyalist  stock.  Both  parents  are  deceased. 

Bishop  de  Pencier  was  educated  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  Kempt- 
ville,  Ontario,  and  also  had  as  a  private  tutor  the  late  Rev.  Canon  Lowe  of 


ET.  REV.  ADAM  U.  DE  PENCIER 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  235 

Ottawa,  Ontario.  At  the  entrance  examinations  to  the  Kemptville  high  school  in 
1880  he  won  the  gold  medal,  early  distinguishing  himself  by  his  wide  knowledge 
and  his  purposeful  work.  In  the  expectation  of  devoting  himself  to  teaching 
he  trained  at  the  Ottawa  Normal  School  under  Dr.  MacCabe  and  was  at  one 
time  assistant  to  the  first  principal  in  the  first  county  model  school  at  Richmond, 
Ontario.  He  matriculated  at  Trinity  University,  Toronto,  in  1885  but  did  not 
go  into  residence  until  1893,  in  which  year  he  took  up  the  arts  course.  He 
graduated  as  Bachelor  of  Arts  in  1895.  Under  the  tuition  of  the  late  Canon 
R.  L.  M.  Houston  and  the  late  Archdeacon  Bedford  Jones,  of  Ontario,  he  was 
prepared  for  Holy  Orders  and  ordained  deacon  by  the  late  Archbishop  Lewis  in 
1890  and  priested  in  the  same  year  by  that  dignitary.  After  ordination  he  was 
appointed  incumbent  at  Navan  in  the  diocese  of  Ontario,  remaining  there  from 
1890  to  1893.  I"  l&94  he  went  to  St.  Albans  cathedral  at  Toronto  as  vicar  and 
in  1897  became  incumbent  at  Uxbridge,  Ontario,  so  remaining  from  1898  to  1900. 
He  was  senior  curate  to  Canon  Welsh  at  St.  James  cathedral  in  Toronto  and 
afterward  went  to  St.  Matthew's  at  Brandon,  Manitoba,  as  rector,  succeeding 
the  present  bishop  of  Qu'  Appelle  (Dr.  Harding)  in  1900.  While  in  charge  two 
churches  were  built,  St.  George's  and  St.  Mary's,  and  upon  his  resigning  the 
rectorship  two  seperate  parishes  were  established.  On  leaving  Brandon,  Bishop 
de  Pencier  was  offered  the  rectorship  of  St.  Paul's  at  Vancouver  by  the  late 
Bishop  Dart  through  the  good  services  of  the  late  Archdeacon  Pentreath.  On 
the  death  of  Bishop  Dart,  Bishop  de  Pencier  was  elected  bishop  of  New  West- 
minster at  the  synod  held  in  Holy  Trinity  church  in  June,  1910.  In  1911  the 
University  of  Trinity  College  conferred  on  him  the  degree  of  D.  D.  (honoris 
causa). 

In  1895  Bishop  de  Pencier  married  Nina  Frederick  Wells,  the  only  daughter 
of  Lieutenant  Fred  Wells,  of  the  First  Royals.  The  father  rendered  distin- 
guished service  through  the  Crimean  war.  Bishop  and  Mrs.  de  Pencier  are  the 
parents  of  four  sons  and  two  daughters:  Theodore  Frederick  Wells,  attending 
McGill  University;  John  Dartnell  and  Joseph  Christian,  at  University  School, 
Victoria ;  Nina  Hortense  and  Sarah  Elizabeth,  at  home ;  and  Eric  Andrew  Edwin. 

Bishop  de  Pencier  is  typical  of  the  churchman  of  the  times,  ohe  who  readily 
participates  in  all  the  joys  and  sorrows  of  his  fellow  beings.  It  is  this  strong 
humane  spirit  which  makes  him  the  powerful  influence  in  the  moral  advance- 
ment of  his  province  and  the  strong  factor  in  the  growth  of  his  church.  From 
him  radiates  that  smiling  kindness  which  brings  cheer  to  every  heart.  The  Bishop 
is  a  commanding  figure,  standing  over  six  feet  high,  and  is  familiar  to  every  inhab- 
itant of  New  Westminster.  During  the  coronation  of  their  majesties,  the  king  and 
queen,  Bishop  de  Pencier  received  a  royal  command  to  attend  and  in  company  with 
other  over-seas  bishops  had  the  distinction  of  participating  in  the  historic  event  at 
Westminster  Abbey.  He  is  as  loyal  to  his  country  and  his  king  as  he  is  to  the 
charge  which  has  been  given  into  his  hands  and  all  of  his  actions  are  permeated 
with  that  loyalty  and  guided  by  his  strong  character. 


HENRY   WILFRED   MAYNARD. 

Henry  Wilfred  Maynard,  district  manager  for  the  Canadian  Explosives,  Ltd., 
\v;is  born  at  Rhyl,  Wales,  July  31,  1867,  his  parents  being  Colonel  Edmond 
Gilling  and  Gertrude  (Trevor-Roper)  Maynard.  The  father  was  colonel  of  the 
Eighty-eighth  Connaught  Rangers,  an  Irish  regiment,  which  he  commanded 
through  the  Crimean  war  and  also  in  the  Indian  mutiny. 

The  family  came  to  America  during  the  childhood  days  of  Henry  W.  Maynard 
and  established  their  home  at  San  Jose,  California,  where  he  attended  the  public 
schools.  He  started  in  the  business  world  in  connection  with  the  lumber  trade 
Of  I'uget  Sound,  being  employed  for  a  number  of  years  in  various  capacities  as  a 
representative  of  lumber  interests.  In  1891  he  came  to  Vancouver  to  take  charge 


236  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  the  business  of  the  Hamilton  Powder  Company,  which  in  1911  was  merged  into 
the  Canadian  Explosives,  Ltd.,  Mr.  Maynard  being  retained  as  manager.  The 
steps  in  his  orderly  progression  are  easily  discernible.  He  has  advanced  steadily 
from  one  point  to  another  and  each  point  has  had  a  broader  outlook  and  wider 
opportunities.  His  worth  and  industry  have  constituted  the  rounds  of  the  ladder 
on  which  he  has  climbed  to  his  present  enviable  and  responsible  position.  In  addi- 
tion to  his  connection  with  the  Canadian  Explosives,  Ltd.,  he  owns  considerable 
real  estate  in  Vancouver  and  is  also  a  stockholder  and  one  of  the  directors  of  the 
Vancouver  &  Nanaimo  Coal  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver. 

On  the  1 5th  of  May,  1894,  in  the  city  in  which  he  makes  his  home,  Mr.  May- 
nard was  married  to  Miss  Emily  Stewart,  a  daughter  of  Donald  and  Margaret 
Stewart,  the  former  now  deceased.  As  is  indicated  by  the  surname,  she  comes 
of  an  old  Scotch  family.  By  this  marriage  have  been  born  three  daughters,  Ger- 
trude Eva,  Margaret  Emily  and  Catherine  Easterby. 

In  politics  Mr.  Maynard  is  a  conservative,  and  his  religious  faith  is  that 
of  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Terminal  City  Club  and  is 
thus  connected  with  various  interests  and  activities  which  feature  in  the  life  of 
Vancouver  and  are  forces  in  its  development  and  expansion.  Mr.  Maynard  has 
never  sought  to  figure  prominently  in  any  public  relation,  but  his  life  history 
is  not  without  its  lessons  to  all  who  recognize  the  true  worth  and  value  of 
character. 


JOHN  JAMES  MAcKAY. 

New  Westminster  has  been  signally  favored  in  the  class  of  men  who  have 
occupied  her  public  offices,  in  which  connection  John  James  MacKay  is  well 
known,  being  the  city  treasurer.  He  was  born  at  East  River,  Pictou  county,  Nova 
Scotia,  July  4,  1852,  his  parents  being  Donald  and  Annie  (McFarland')  MacKay, 
who  were  also  natives  of  Pictou  county.  Donald  MacKay's  grandfather,  who 
was  wounded  at  the  capture  of  the  city  of  Quebec,  retired  from  the  army  and  set- 
tled near  New  Glasgow,  Nova  Scotia,  where  he  owned  valuable  coal  lands.  His 
son,  Alexander  MacKay,  married  a  Miss  Eraser  and  took  up  his  abode  on  the 
East  river,  where  his  son,  Donald,  father  of  John  J.  MacKay,  was  born.  Donald 
MacKay  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising  for  a  time  and  afterward  removed 
to  vSherbrooke,  Guysborough  county,  where  he  was  connected  with  a  lumber  mill, 
while  afterward  he  engaged  in  quartz  milling  and  gold  amalgamating. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Sherbrooke,  J.  J.  MacKay  pursued  his  early  education 
and  later  attended  Eaton  &  Frazee's  Business  College  in  the  city  of  Halifax,  Nova 
Scotia,  in  1870  and  1871.  His  first  position  was  that  of  clerk  and  bookkeeper  with 
a  shipbuilding,  domestic  and  foreign  shipping,  importing  and  trading  company 
in  the  town  of  Sherbrooke,  with  which  he  remained  for  ten  years,  spending  a  part 
of  the  years  1870  and  1871  in  the  city  of  Halifax  as  a  student  in  the  commercial 
college  but  afterward  returning  to  his  old  employers. 

In  1881  Mr.  MacKay  came  to  British  Columbia  and  engaged  in  the  government 
telegraph  and  postoffice  service.  He  was  also  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway 
for  a  time  and  in  1883  was  appointed  general  agent  and  accountant  of  the  British 
Columbia  Express  Company  at  Yale  while  steamboating  was  operated  to  that 
point.  Afterward  at  Ashcroft  he  became  the  secretary,  treasurer,  auditor  and  one 
of  the  directors  respectively  of  that  company,  but  at  length  sold  all  his  interests 
and  resigned  his  position  in  1898  preparatory  to  removal  to  Vancouver.  In  that 
city  he  became  a  shareholder  and  secretary-treasurer  of  a  manufacturing  confec- 
tionery and  biscuit  company  but  resigned  from  that  position  and  removed  to  New 
Westminster,  British  Columbia,  where  he  purchased  a  book  and  stationery  store 
which  he  conducted  for  a  few  years,  selling  the  business,  however,  in  1909. 

Mr.  MacKay  has  been  more  or  less  active  in  public  life,  performing  service  of  a 
varied  yet  important  character.  He  compiled  the  voters'  lists  in  1879,  was  clerk 


JOHN  J.  MACKAY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  239 

of  the  county  court  of  Sherbrooke,  Nova  Scotia,  in  1880  and  was  made  notary 
public  in  British  Columbia  in  1887.  He  was  also  school  trustee  and  secretary  of 
the  school  board  in  Ashcroft,  British  Columbia,  from  the  time  the  school  district 
•was  organized  until  his  removal  from  the  town  in  1898.  Seeing  possibilities  for 
the  development  of  agricultural  interests  through  organized  effort,  he  was  largely 
instrumental  in  instituting  and  organizing  the  Inland  Agricultural  Association  of 
British  Columbia,  which  was  the  first  agricultural  society  in  the  province  east  of 
the  Cascade  mountains.  He  served  as  secretary  and  treasurer  of  that  society  until 
his  removal  from  the  town  in  1898.  In  1910  he  was  appointed  treasurer  and 
accountant  of  the  city  of  New  Westminster,  which  position  he  now  fills,  making  a 
creditable  record  in  office  as  the  custodian  of  the  public  funds.  He  is  very  prompt 
and  systematic  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties  and  his  worth  is  widely  acknowledged 
by  all  who  know  aught  of  public  affairs  in  New  Westminster. 

Mr.  MacKay  is  also  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade  of  New  Westminster. 
He  votes  with  the  conservative  party  and  was  government  candidate  in  the  district 
of  Yale  for  provincial  election  in  1898,  but  was  defeated  by  Charles  A.  Temlin,  a 
leader  of  the  opposition,  who  became  premier. 

On  the  2oth  of  August,  1891,  at  Hyde  Park,  Massachusetts,  Mr.  MacKay  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Rebecca  S.  Elliot,  of  Sherbrooke,  Nova  Scotia,  a 
daughter  of  the  late  Henry  Elliot,  who  was  a  son  of  Lieutenant  Dr.  Henry  F. 
Elliot  of  the  Minto  branch  of  the  Elliots  and  cousin  of  Sir  Henry  G.  Elliot,  K.  C. 
M.  G.,  C.  B.,  who  distinguished  himself  both  in  the  army  and  as  a  British  consul 
and  representative.  He  died  in  South  Africa  in  the  year  1913.  Her  grandfather, 
Lieutenant  Elliot,  referred  to  above,  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Waterloo  while 
riding  at  the  head  of  his  company.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  MacKay  became  parents  of 
three  children:  Elliot,  born  in  1893 ;  Jean,  who  was  born  in  1899  and  died  in  1911 ; 
and  Donna,  born  in  1903.  The  parents  are  Presbyterians  and  Mr.  MacKay  is  a 
member  of  the  session  at  St.  Andrew's  church  at  New  Westminster.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  board  of  managers  of  Westminster  Hall,  the  Presbyterian  Theo- 
logical College  at  Vancouver.  He  was  a  member  of  Kamloops  Lodge,  I.  O.  O.  F., 
and  a  charter  member  of  Ashcroft  Lodge,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  in  which  he  held  the  office 
of  treasurer.  He  has  labored  diligently  in  both  business  and  official  connections, 
accomplishing  what  he  has  undertaken  and  proving  his  right  to  rank  with  the  rep- 
resentative citizens  of  the  community  in  which  he  makes  his  home. 


WALTER    SQUSTER    ROSE. 

To  have  attained  success  before  the  age  of  thirty  Walter  Souster  Rose  must 
be  a  remarkable  young  man,  and  it  can  be  but  ascribed  to  a  natural  insight  into 
conditions  and  circumstances  which  cannot  be  acquired  but  is  to  a  large  extent 
intuitive.  Although  not  yet  twenty-eight  years  of  age,  Mr.  Rose  is  secretary  of 
the  Edmonds  Development  Company,  Ltd.,  and  managing  director  of  the  British 
North  America  Securities  Corporation,  Ltd.,  and  in  these  connections  represents 
two  companies  which  play  an  important  part  in  the  upbuilding  and  growth  of  the 
province.  Careful  of  his  own  interests  and  considerate  of  those  of  others,  Mr. 
Rose  ever  controls  his  actions  with  a  view  toward  civic  improvement  and  must 
be  truly  counted  as  one  of  the  forces  that  have  made  and  are  making  New 
Westminster  a  town  of  metropolitan  proportions.  A  native  of  England,  he  was 
born  August  3,  1885,  and  is  a  son  of  M.  and  Julia  (Souster)  Rose.  His  birthplace 
is  Burton-on-Trent,  and  there  he  attended  grammar  school.  He  commenced  his 
career  by  becoming  a  member  of  the  banking  profession  as  an  employe  of  Lloyd's 
Bank,  Ltd.,  remaining  with  that  well  known  institution  until  1907.  In  1908  we 
find  him  in  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia,  where  he  established  himself  ^as 
a  broker.  His  experience  with  Lloyd's  and  his  natural  ability  soon  brought  him 
the  fore  and  he  became  an  active  factor  in  semi-financial  and  real-estate  organ- 
ations,  being  instrumental  in  organizing  the  Edmonds  Development  Company, 


240  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Ltd.,  and  the  British  North  America  Securities  Corporation,  Ltd.  both  of  which 
institutions  are  holders  of  large  tracts  of  real  estate.  With  the  former  company 
he  served  in  the  capacity  of  secretary  and  of  the  latter  he  is  managing  director, 
doing  as  its  head  much  in  extending  its  useful  scope  of  activity.  Capable,  earnest' 
and  conscientious,  shrewd  and  modern  in  his  tendencies,  he  is  a  business  man 
typical  of  the  Canadian  northwest  and  well  fitted  for  its  exploitation  and  develop- 
ment. He  has  made  his  place  in  New  Westminster  as  one  of  the  foremost  young 
business  men  of  the  town  and  is  as  ready  to  promote  the  general  welfare  as  the 
interests  of  the  two  large  corporations  in  which  he  is  a  stockholder. 

On  September  21,  1910,  at  Edmonds,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Rose  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Ethel  Mary  Bradley,  a  member  of  an  old  Devonshire  family, 
while  his  own,  the  Rose  family,  were  of  prominence  in  Devonshire,  England. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rose  have  one  son,  Reginald  Walter. 

Although  not  aspiring  to  public  office,  Mr.  Rose  has  ever  taken  a  decided  stand 
upon  political  questions  and  gives  his  support  steadfastly  to  the  conservative 
party.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  interested  in  the  extension 
work  of  that  organization.  In  clubdom  he  is  known  as  a  member  of  the  West- 
minster Club  and  there  associates  with  men  to  whose  hearts  is  dear  the  improve- 
ment of  the  city  not  only  along  material  lines  but  also  as  regards  intellectual  and 
moral  upbuilding.  He  is  president  of  the  Burnaby  Lodge,  Sons  of  England,  and 
as  such  keeps  fresh  the  ties  that  bind  the  colony  to  the  mother  country.  Viewed 
from  every  point,  the  career  of  Mr.  Rose  thus  far  has  been  an  entire  success, 
for  he  has  not  only  attained  financial  independence  but  has  won  honor  and  esteem 
by  his  accomplishments,  and  judging  by  what  he  has  done  thus  far,  it  is  safe  to 
prophesy  that  a  distinguished  career  is  in  store  for  him,  a  career  that  will  not  only 
bring  to  him  wealth  and  fame  but  will  have  a  decided  and  stimulating  influence 
upon  the  further  advancement  of  New  Westminster  and  British  Columbia. 


EVERT  L.  KIN  MAN. 

Evert  L.  Kinman  is  the  president  of  the  Imperial  Timber  &  Trading  Company, 
Ltd.,  of  Vancouver.  For  twenty-two  years  he  has  been  connected  with  lumber  and 
mining  interests  in  this  province,  and  as  the  years  have  passed  on  has  made  con- 
tinuous progress,  while  his  success  has  always  been  an  element  in  the  general  busi- 
ness development  as  well  as  in  individual  prosperity.  He  was  born  in  Novelty, 
Knox  county,  Missouri,  March  9,  18/0,  his  parents  being  Anderson  and  Sarah 
(Hinman)  Kinman,  the  former  a  native  of  Indiana  and  the  latter  of  Illinois.  In 
1859  they  became  residents  of  Missouri,  where  the  father  carried  on  farming 
throughout  the  remainder  of  his  life,  passing  away  in  1892,  while  his  wife  sur- 
vived until  1902.  They  were  the  parents  of  nine  children,  Evert  being  the  only 
one  residing  in  Canada. 

After  mastering  the  branches  of  learning  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  county,  Evert  L.  Kinman  there  attended  Oak  Lawn  College,  and  then  think- 
ing to  find  better  and  broader  business  opportunities  on  the  Pacific  coast  he  made 
his  way  from  Missouri  to  the  state  of  Washington  and  was  employed  in  various 
sections  of  the  state.  In  the  summer  of  1892  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  where 
he  engaged  in  prospecting,  mining,  timber  cruising  and  lumbering.  He  spent  one 
year  as  government  road  superintendent  in  the  west  Kootenay  district,  and  he  in- 
troduced the  first  steam  engine  ever  used  in  the  logging  camps  of  the  interior  of 
British  Columbia,  this  being  put  into  use  at  Trout  Lake.  He  located  the  greater 
part  of  all  the  timber  in  the  vicinity  of  Trout  Lake,  which  is  now  owned  by  an 
English  corporation.  He  also  located  the  timber  on  the  Duncan  river,  now  owned 
by  the  Royal  Lumber  Company,  and  he  located  the  present  holdings  of  the  Adams 
River  Lumber  Company.  Mr.  Kinman  and  partners  own  one  hundred  and  thirty 
square  miles,  or  eighty-three  thousand  two  hundred  acres,  of  fine  timber  on 


EVERT  L.  KINMAN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  243 

Vancouver  island  and  Columbia  river.  In  the  years  of  his  previous  experience  as 
Mr.  Kinman  saw  opportunity  for  judicious  investment  he  kept  adding  to  his  hold- 
ings, which  are  now  extremely  extensive  and  valuable.  He  organized  the  Imperial 
Timber  &  Trading  Company,  Ltd.,  which  was  formed  in  1905  and  of  which  he  is 
the  president  and  managing  director.  They  operate  on  the  coast  of  British  Co- 
lumbia and  are  engaged  in  the  wholesale  lumber  business  throughout  this  province 
and  the  Dominion.  They  also  export  to  European  markets,  much  of  their  product 
going  to  European  ports  by  way  of  the  Suez  canal.  In  1910  he  organized  a  com- 
pany known  as  the  Omineca  Mines,  Ltd.,  operating  near  Hazelton,  British  Colum- 
bia, on  the  Erie  claim  and  Four  Mile  Mountain.  They  own  silver  and  lead  prop- 
erties which  are  now  being  developed  and  they  are  already  shipping  ore  from 
development  work.  For  more  than  two  decades  Mr.  Kinman  has  been  identified 
with  lumber  and  mining  interests  in  this  province,  spending  the  greater  part  of  the 
time  in  the  interior,  although  during  the  last  seven  years  he  has  remained  in  Van- 
couver and  on  the  coast.  He  has  engaged  in  various  different  lines  of  work,  has 
traveled  over  and  explored  much  of  British  Columbia,  and  there  are  few  living 
men  who  have  seen  more  of  this  province  or  are  more  thoroughly  acquainted  with 
its  natural  resources  and  its  possibilities.  In  1898  he  joined  the  gold  rush  to  the 
north,  going  by  way  of  Stikine  river  and  Dease  lake  to  the  divide  between  the 
Pelly  and  Leaird  rivers,  where  he  spent  one  season. 

In  1898,  in  Missouri,  Mr.  Kinman  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Estelle 
Murphy,  a  native  of  Missouri,  and  they  have  three  children :  Holmes  Anderson, 
Marjorie  Ruth  and  Bill.  While  Mr.  Kinman  usually  exercises  his  right  of  fran- 
chise in  support  of  the  liberal  party,  he  has  never  been  active  in  politics.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Club,  the  Progress  Club,  the  Press  Club 
and  the  Chamber  of  Mines,  and  is  interested  in  all  the  various  projects  which 
have  to  do  with  tiie  upbuilding  of  the  city  and  this  section  of  the  country.  He 
stands  today  among  the  prominent  and  successful  men  of  Vancouver  by  reason  of 
the  fact  that  he  has  overcome  obstacles  and  difficulties  by  energy  and  enterprise. 
He  early  recognized  the  fact  that  there  is  no  royal  road  to  wealth  and  that  the  path 
of  successful  labor  is  an  upward  one.  He  has  never  failed  to  put  forth  the  effort 
necessary  for  advancement  and  his  initiative,  perseverance  and  sound  judgment, 
as  manifest  in  judicious  investments  and  careful  management,  have  brought  him  to 
a  prominent  position  among  the  lumbermen  of  the  northwest. 


CONWAY  EDWARD  CARTWRIGHT. 

Enjoying  a  large  practice  and  well  earned  reputation  as  a  consulting  civil 
•engineer,  Conway  Edward  Cartwright  is  today  regarded  as  one  of  the  repre- 
sentative residents  of  Vancouver.  He  was  born  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  October  14, 
1864,  his  parents  being  the  Rev.  Conway  Edward  and  Mary  Letitia  Cartwright. 
The  family  was  founded  in  the  new  world  by  the  great-great-grandfather,  who 
sailed  from  Yorkshire,  England,  to  America  in  about  1700  and  settled  in  Albany, 
New  York,  where  he  was  married.  At  the  time  of  the  American  revolution  the 
family  remained  loyal  to  England,  being  among  the  United  Empire  Loyalists  who 
left  the  United  States  and  came  to  Canada,  the  great-grandfather  settling  in  Onta- 
rio. The  Rev.  Conway  Edward  Cartwright,  born  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  was  edu- 
cated in  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  Ireland,  from  which  he  was  graduated  with  the 
degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts.  He  became  a  minister  of  the  Church  of  England  and 
was  rector  of  a  church  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  until  his  retirement  from  the  ministry 
in  1905,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  where  both  he  and  his  wife 
are  now  living.  He  married  Miss  Mary  Letitia  Johnson,  a  native  of  Belfast, 
Ireland,  in  which  city  the  wedding  ceremony  was  performed.  They  are  the 

irents  of  four  daughters  and  three  sons.    Two  of  the  daughters,  Mrs.  R.  H.  H. 

Alexander  and  Mrs.  A.  J.  Matheson,  now  reside  in  Vancouver.    One  son,  George 


244  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

S.,  is  a  lieutenant  colonel  in  the  Royal  Engineers  and  lives  in  England.  Another 
son,  Cosmos,  is  in  the  Bureau  of  Mines  at  Ottawa. 

Conway  Edward  Cartwright,  the  eldest  son,  supplemented  his  early  education 
by  study  in  the  Royal  Military  Academy  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  from  which  he  was 
graduated.  With  the  completion  of  his  collegiate  course  he  turned  his  attention 
to  the  practice  of  civil  engineering  on  the  Pontiac  Pacific  Railway  at  Quebec  in 
1885  and  remained  in  that  connection  until  1888,  when  he  went  to  Norfolk,  Vir- 
ginia, where  he  entered  upon  the  private  practice  of  his  profession,  being  chiefly 
engaged  in  railway  construction  work  in  the  southern  and  central  states  until 
1896.  In  that  year  he  became  assistant  chief  engineer  on  the  New  York  &  Ottawa 
Railway  with  headquarters  at  Cornwall,  Ontario,  and  remained  in  that  position  of 
responsibility  until  1899,  when  he  became  associated  with  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railroad  and  came  to  Vancouver,  which  city  has  continued  to  be  his  home  to  the 
present  time.  In  1905  he  was  made  division  engineer  of  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railroad,  having  charge  of  the  Pacific  division,  and  continued  as  such  until  1910, 
when  he  resigned  to  enter  upon  the  private  practice  of  his  profession  as  a  consult- 
ing civil  engineer,  in  which  department  of  labor  he  still  continues.  He  has  been 
very  successful  and  now  has  a  large  practice  of  a  distinctively  representative  char- 
acter. The  steps  in  his  orderly  progression  are  easily  discernible.  Each  change 
has  brought  him  a  broader  outlook  and  wider  opportunities,  and  as  the  years 
have  gone  on  he  has  gained  a  creditable  name  and  place  for  himself  in  profes- 
sional circles.  His  high  standing  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  has  been  admitted 
to  membership  in  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers  and  to  the  American 
Railway  and  Maintenance  Association.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  board  of  man- 
agement of  the  British  Columbia  Land  Surveyors.  He  is  a  director  of  the  Pacific 
May-Otway  Automatic  Fire  Alarms,  Ltd.,  an  automatic  fire  alarm  system,  which 
is  being  used  extensively  all  over  the  world. 

In  1889  Mr.  Cartwright  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Elizabeth 
Harvey  and  for  fourteen  years  they  have  been  residents  of  Vancouver.  Mrs. 
Cartwright  is  a  daughter  of  the  late  Major  John  Harvey,  of  the  Royal  Artillery 
of  Wexford,  Ireland.  Mr.  Cartwright's  military  history  covers  service  as  lieu- 
tenant of  the  Halifax  Battalion  in  the  Northwest  rebellion  of  1885.  Patriotism 
has  ever  been  one  of  the  strong  characteristics  of  his  life,  and  in  all  matters  of 
general  moment  he  displays  a  public-spirited  citizenship  that  ever  seeks  the  good 
of  city,  province  and  country.  Appreciative  of  the  social  amenities  of  life,  he  is 
connected  with  the  Vancouver  Club,  in  which  he  has  won  merited  popularity. 


RONALD  CAMPBELL  CAMPBELL-JOHNSTON. 

Ronald  Campbell  Campbell-Johnston,  mining  and  metallurgical  engineer,  with 
offices  in  Vancouver,  has  followed  his  profession  in  various  parts  of  the  world 
and  is  well  known  in  mining  circles  through  his  contributions  to  scientific  journals. 
He  was  born  at  Oban,  Argyleshire,  Scotland,  September  18,  1863,  his  parents  be- 
ing Alexander  R.  and  Frances  (Bury-Palliser)  Campbell- Johnston,  the  former  a 
native  of  Scotland  and  the  latter  of  Ireland.  The  father  was  minister  extraordi- 
nary and  envoy  plenipotentiary  from  Great  Britain  to  China,  being  for  thirty 
years  .connected  with  the  diplomatic  service.  He  took  over  Hong  Kong  from  the 
Chinese  for  the  British  government  and  accomplished  much  else  that  has  found 
important  place  on  the  pages  of  history.  He  died  in  1896,  after  reaching  the  age 
of  eighty  years.  The  Campbell-Johnston  estate  in  Scotland  is  known  as  Carnsal- 
loch  and  is  situated  on  the  Nith  river  in  Dumfriesshire.  It  has  been  in  possession 
of  the  family  since  the  sixteenth  century  and  is  now  occupied  by  the  eldest  son, 
Captain  A.  F.  Campbell- Johnston.  It  is  a  very  extensive  and  beautiful  estate  and 
King  Charles  I  granted  to  the  family  a  charter  for  the  exclusive  right  to  the 
salmon  fisheries  on  the  Nith  river  for  a  distance  of  twenty-five  miles  from  the 
estate  to  the  mouth  of  the  river. 


RONALD  C.  CAMPBELL-JOHNSTON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  247 

The  mother  of  R.  C.  Campbell- Johnston  was  a  sister  of  Admiral  Bury-Palliser, 
who  commanded  the  British  fleet  on  this  coast  from  1900  to  1905.  She  was  also 
a  first  cousin  of  Sir  John  Palliser,  who  crossed  Canada  to  the  Pacific  with  Mac- 
Kenzie  in  1838,  and  it  is  in  his  honor  that  the  Palliser  range  of  mountains  has  been 
so  called.  Another  cousin  and  a  brother  of  Sir  John  Palliser  was  Major  Edward 
Palliser,  whose  name  is  inseparably  connected  with  Canadian  history  because  of 
the  prominent  part  which  he  took  in  the  Kiel  rebellion.  He  was  the  man  who  took 
a  canoe  loaded  with  ammunition  to  a  fort — a  task  full  of  hazard — and  successfully 
passed  through  the  enemy's  forces  into  the  safety  of  the  fort.  He  was  a  very 
courageous  and  distinguished  man. 

Ronald  C.  Campbell- Johnston  was  educated  at  Sherbourne  School,  England, 
and  in  the  Royal  School  of  Mines  at  London,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in 
1881.  He  then  arranged  to  serve  his  apprenticeship  as  a  mining  engineer  with 
John  Taylor  &  Sons,  celebrated  representatives  of  the  profession  in  London,  and 
while  in  their  employ  he  spent  much  time  in  charge  of  mines  in  India.  He  served 
his  apprenticeship  as  metallurgical  engineer  under  his  father-in-law,  Alfred  Senior 
Merry,  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  H.  H.  Vivian  &  Company,  who  refined  nickel,  co- 
balt and  copper  ores  at  Swansea,  Wales.  In  1888  he  came  to  the  United  States  in 
the  employ  of  Vivian  &  Company,  in  charge  of  the  zinc  mines  at  Joplin,  Missouri. 
There  he  remained  for  two  years.  He  then  returned  to  Swansea  and  was  assigned 
to  the  nickel  mines  at  Sudbury,  Ontario,  where  he  continued  for  a  year.  At  the 
close  of  1890  he  severed  his  connection  with  the  firm  and  came  to  British  Colum- 
bia, taking  up  his  abode  in  Vancouver.  There  he  opened  an  assay  and  consultation 
office,  which  he  maintained  until  1896,  when  he  went  to  the  Kootenay  and  Boun- 
dary country,  spending  ten  years  in  that  locality,  two  years  of  which  time  he  was 
consulting  engineer  for  Mackenzie  &  Mann,  while  the  remainder  of  the  time  was 
devoted  to  the  general  practice  of  his  profession.  In  1906  he  returned  to  Vancou- 
ver and  again  opened  an  office  as  consulting  engineer.  When  the  Ground  Hog 
anthracite  coal  fields  first  attracted  attention  in  1910  he  began  to  act  for  interests 
there,  but  this  requires  only  a  comparatively  small  part  of  his  time.  His  practice 
covers  a  large  area  and  he  has  clients  on  Vancouver  island,  Queen  Charlotte 
islands  and  all  along  the  British  Columbia  coast  to  the  Portland  canal  and  in  the 
interior  from  the  Similkameen  valley  to  the  Peace  river.  His  work  covers  all  the 
commercial  fuels  and  metals,  including  gold,  silver,  copper,  lead,  iron  and  zinc. 
His  wide  study  and  his  broad,  practical  experience  have  placed  him  in  a  foremost 
position  among  the  mining  and  metallurgical  engineers  of  the  northwest  and  his 
practice  is  extensive  and  important. 

On  the  6th  of  January,  1886,  near  Swansea,  Wales,  Mr.  Campbell- Johnston  was 
married  to  Miss  Amy  Merry,  a  daughter  of  Alfred  Senior  Merry,  a  representative 
of  an  old  Derbyshire  family.  The  family  estate  is  Barton  Hall  and  is  one  of  the 
very  few  estates  that  have  been  held  continuously  by  one  family  since  the  time  of 
William  the  Conqueror.  It  is  situated  at  Dovedale,  Derbyshire,  England,  and  is  a 
most  beautiful  place.  Mrs.  Campbell- Johnston  always  accompanies  her  husband 
in  his  travels.  They  have  traveled  extensively  in  India,  the  .United  States  and 
Canada  and  she  knows  the  province  of  British  Columbia  as  perhaps  few  women 
do.  She  was  the  first  white  woman  who  ever  set  foot  upon  certain  parts  of  the 
Ground  Hog  and  Kootenay  districts.  She  is  well  posted  on  the  history  of  the 
Indians  and  the  legends  of  the  tribes.  In  the  public  museum  is  a  case  bearing  a 
large  collection  of  curios,  Indian  relics  and  costijoies,  the  latter  consisting  prin- 
cipally of  those  of  the  famous  medicine  men  and  witches,  secured  from  the  tribes 
of  the  Upper  Skeena  river,  while  the  relics  came  from  Naas  river,  Vancouver 
and  Queen  Charlotte  islands  and  other  parts  of  the  province.  To  this  collection 
Mr.  Campbell- Johnston  adds  from 'time  to  time  upon  his  return  from  various 
expeditions.  He  also  has  some  very  interesting  curios  from  India.  He  writes  for 
the  scientific  journals  on  matters  pertaining  to  geology,  minerals  and  metallurgy 
and  his  wife  also  displays  most  creditable  literary  merit  as  a  writer  of  travel  stories 
and  also  articles  for  the  magazines  and  local  press  on  woman  suffrage,  in  behalf 
of  which  she  is  a  sincere  worker.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Campbell- Johnston  have  three 


248  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

children,  two  sons  and  a  daughter :  Amy  Campbell,  who  is  the  wife  of  J.  R. 
Armytage-Moore,  of  County  Cavan,  Ireland;  Ronald  Alfred,  a  journalist  con- 
nected with  the  Vancouver  World;  and  Alexander  Campbell  Campbell-Johnston, 
now  attending  college. 

In  politics  Mr.  Campbell-Johnston  is  a  liberal  and  takes  a  deep  interest  in  en- 
actments yet  is  not  a  worker  in  party  ranks.  His  professional  services  have  car- 
ried him  into  various  sections  of  the  country  and  no  man  is  able  to  speak  with 
greater  authority  upon  the  northwest,  its  conditions,  its  resources  and  its  possi- 
bilities. His  ideals  of  life  have  ever  been  high  and  he  constantly  works  toward 
them  whether  in  professional  or  other  connections. 


CHARLES  BELL  BUDDLE 

Charles  Bell  Buddie,  a  barrister  who  has  become  recognized  as  a  well  quali- 
fied and  able  member  of  the  Vancouver  bar,  was  born  in  Auckland,  New  Zealand, 
January  25,  1884.  His  parents  were  Charles  Frederick  and  Eliza  (Bell)  Buddie, 
the  former  a  barrister  who  was  engaged  in  practice  in  New  Zealand  for  a  number 
of  years.  The  son  attended  Wellington  College,  Wellington,  New  Zealand,  and 
subsequently  entered  the  University  of  New  Zealand  in  preparation  for  the  prac- 
tice of  law,  completing  his  law  course  in  1909,  at  which  time  the  LL.  B.  degree 
was  conferred  upon  him.  The  following  year  he  arrived  in  Vancouver  and 
entered  upon  active  practice  in  connection  with  the  firm  of  Whiteside  &  Robert- 
son, barristers.  He  was  called  to  the  bar  of  Vancouver  in  1911,  at  which  time 
he  became  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  McAvoy,  Whiteside  &  Robertson.  This  rela- 
tion was  maintained  until  the  fall  of  1911,  when  Mr.  Whiteside  and  Mr.  Buddie 
formed  a  partnership  that  still  exists.  In  politics  Mr.  Buddie  is  a  conservative. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  University  Club. 


FRANCIS  HENRY  CUNNINGHAM. 

Public  office  finds  in  Francis  Henry  Cunningham  a  worthy  incumbent  in  the 
position  of  inspector  of  fisheries.  He  has  been  continuously  connected  with  the 
civil  service  of  Canada  since  August,  1883,  and  in  his  present  position  makes  his 
home  in  New  Westminster.  He  was  born  on  the  3d  of  May,  1865,  at  Topcroft, 
Norfolk,  England,  a  son  of  Henry  and  Sarah  (Kemp)  Cunningham.  His  father 
was  a  progressive  farmer  and  took  a  general  interest  in  the  affairs  of  the  county 
in  which  he  lived,  acting  at  one  time  as  representative  on  the  board  of  workhouse 
guardians. 

The  son  pursued  his  early  education  in  the  grammar  schools  of  Norwich  and 
Banham,  England,  and  when  his  text-books  were  put  aside  began  preparing  for 
the  business  of  an  auctioneer,  being  articled  with  Messrs.  H.  &  J.  Read,  of  Beccles, 
Suffolk,  England.  He  was  but  eighteen  years  of  age  when  he  entered  the  civil 
service  of  Canada  in  August,  1883.  He  filled  the  position  of  accountant,  inspector 
of  hatcheries,  superintendent  of  fish  culture  and  at  the  present  writing,  in  1913,  is 
the  chief  inspector  of  fisheries  for  this  province  under  the  Dominion  government. 
He  is  greatly  interested  in  exhibition  work,  having  been  a  director  of  the  Ottawa 
exhibition,  and  is  at  present  on  the  executive  of  the  Royal  Agricultural  &  Indus- 
trial Society  of  New  Westminster.  He  seej<s  in  these  connections  to  stimulate 
activity  and  improvement  along  the  lines  indicated. 

Mr.  Cunningham  was  connected  with  the  Governor  General  Foot  Guards  as  a 
non-commissioned  officer  and  served  through  the  Northwest  rebellion  of  1885, 
taking  part  in  the  engagement  at  Cut  Knife  Hill.  He  now  holds  the  Canadian 
medal  with  clasp. 


FRANCIS  H.  CUNNINGHAM 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  251 

Mr.  Cunningham's  fraternal  relations  are  with  the  Masonic  lodge  and  the 
Independent  Order  of  Foresters.  He  is  also  connected  with  the  New  West- 
minster Club  and  his  religious  belief  is  that  of  the  Methodist  church.  His  home 
life,  which  is  pleasant,  had  its  inception  in  his  marriage,  in  September,  1885,  to 
Miss  Florence  Emily  Bradley,  a  daughter  of  Samuel  Bradley,  who  was  a  pioneer 
of  the  county  of  Carleton,  Ontario,  and  was  interested  for  many  years  in  the 
lumber  business.  Their  children  are :  Ethel  Lucy,  now  the  wife  of  C.  E.  Goodall, 
of  Ottawa;  Henry  Clifton;  Hugh  Stone;  Francis  Bradley;  and  Joseph  Elliott. 


JAMES    ALEXANDER    CUNNINGHAM. 

James  Alexander  Cunningham  was  a  resident  of  British  Columbia  at  a  period 
antedating  the  founding  of  Vancouver ;  in  fact,  he  is  one  of  the  native  sons  of  the 
province  and  has  always  remained  within  its  borders.  For  a  considerable  period 
he  has  continued  in  business  in  Vancouver,  being  managing  director  of  the  British 
Columbia  Refining  Company,  in  which  connection  he  controls  important  and 
extensive  interests.  He  was  born  at  New  Westminster,  September  17,  1867,  and  is 
a  son  of  Thomas  and  Emily  (Woodman)  Cunningham,  the  former  a  native  of  the 
north  of  Ireland  and  the  latter  of  St.  Thomas,  Ontario.  The  father  came  from 
the  Emerald  isle  to  the  new  world  in  his  boyhood  days,  and  after  residing  for  some 
time  in  Kingston,  Ontario,  came  to  British  Columbia,  making  the  journey  by  way 
of  the  Isthmus  route  and  up  the  Pacific  coast.  He  went  immediately  to  the 
Cariboo,  where  he  engaged  in  mining  for  a  short  time,  but  soon  afterward  came 
to  New  Westminster,  where  in  1859  he  established  a  general  store.  Gradually, 
however,  he  closed  out  different  lines  and  confined  his  attention  exclusively  to  the 
hardware  trade,  continuing  in  the  business  in  that  city  until  1900,  making  a  record 
of  forty  years  as  a  merchant  in  one  town,  so  that  his  name  is  inseparably  asso- 
ciated with  the  history  of  its  commercial  development.  For  many  years,  how- 
ever, he  made  a  study  of  horticulture,  gaining  expert  knowledge  of  the  scientific 
phases  of  the  business,  added  to  practical  experience  which  he  acquired.  About 
1900  he  was  prevailed  upon  by  the  provincial  government  to  accept  the  position 
of  provincial  horticulturist.  His  love  for  the  work  prompted  him  to  undertake 
this  service,  and  he  is  still  acceptably  filling  the  position.  His  wife,  Mrs.  Emily 
Cunningham,  came  from  St.  Thomas,  Ontario,  to  British  Columbia  by  way  of 
the  Panama  route  in  company  with  her  sister,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Edward 
White,  who  was  the  first  Methodist  missionary  in  British  Columbia.  They  came 
on  the  same  ship  with  the  late  Hon.  John  Robson,  ex-premier  of  British  Columbia, 
and  in  the  year  1864  Miss  Woodman  became  the  wife  of  Thomas  Cunningham  in 
New  Westminster.  She  is  well  preserved  and  very  active  at  the  age  of  seventy- 
two  years  and  teaches  a  class  in  the  Methodist  Sunday  school. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  James  A.  Cunningham  pursued  his  edu- 
cation and  was  there  a  schoolmate  of  Sir  Richard  McBride,  Judge  F.  W.  Howay 
and  Hon.  W.  W.  B.  Mclnnes.  Later  he  attended  the  Willamette  University  at 
Salem,  Oregon.  He  started  in  the  business  world  in  connection  with  the  hard- 
ware trade  in  New  Westminster  and  for  twenty-three  years  was  manager  of  the 
Cunningham  Hardware  Company.  For  twelve  years  of  that  period  he  also  trav- 
eled throughout  British  Columbia  in  the  interests  of  the  business,  making  a  trip 
each  spring  and  fall.  He  sold  to  all  the  merchants  at  camps  and  trading  posts 
in  the  early  days  when  nearly  all  the  travel  was  by  stage  or  private  conveyance. 
He  always  carried  a  gun,  ready  for  an  emergency,  and  many  times  he  slept  in  the 
open.  It  was  not  an  unusual  thing  to  kill  game  anywhere  along  the  way,  such  was 
the  unsettled  condition  of  the  country.  After  his  retirement  from  active  con- 
nection with  the  hardware  trade  Mr.  Cunningham  was  for  five  years  managing 
director  of  the  Western  Steamboat  Company,  operating  a  line  of  steamers  on  the 
Fraser  river.  He  was  also  half  owner  in  the  Western  Oil  &  Supply 
Company.  His  prominence  as  a  citizen  and  business  man  in  New  West- 

Vol.  HI— 9 


252  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

minster  was  further  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  was  president  of  the 
Board  of  Trade  there  in  1908  and  1909.  He  is  still  president  of  the  Vulcan 
Iron  Works  of  New  Westminster  and  is  director  of  the  British  Columbia 
Accident  Insurance  Company.  Since  1910  he  has  been  managing  director 
of  the  British  Columbia  Refining  Company,  to  which  he  now  gives  his 
undivided  attention,  and  under  his  control  the  business  has  increased,  becoming 
an  important  productive  industry.  They  bring  the  crude  oil  from  California  and 
have  a  large  refinery  at  Port  Moody,  refining  fifteen  hundred  barrels  of  oil  per 
day  and  furnishing  much  of  the  fuel  and  refined  oil  that  is  used  in  the  province. 
This  is  the  largest  refinery  in  western  Canada  and  the  only  asphalt  refinery  in 
the  Dominion.  As  is  indicated,  the  business  is  one  of  extensive  proportions,  and 
at  its  head  as  managing  director  is  a  man  capable  of  controlling  important  and 
complex  interests,  his  guidance  of  its  affairs  being  based  upon  a  thorough  under- 
standing of  conditions  and  sound  judgment.  He  is,  furthermore,  connected  with 
various  interests  of  a  public  or  semi-public  character.  He  is  now  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Trade  of  New  Westminster  and  belongs  also  to  the  Vancouver  and 
Canadian  Manufacturers  Association.  Since  1906  he  has  been  a  justice  of  the 
peace,  and  his  military  service  covers  almost  a  quarter  of  century  as  sergeant  in 
the  Royal  Artillery  from  1885  until  1909. 

On  the  26th  of  April,  1888,  in  New  Westminster,  Mr.  Cunningham  was  mar- 
ried to  Miss  Marion  Lee  De  Beck,  a  daughter  of  Howard  L.  De  Beck,  a  pioneer 
lumber  merchant  of  British  Columbia.  Mrs.  Cunningham  was  born  in  Victoria, 
and  is  therefore  one  of  the  native  daughters  of  the  province.  She  is  a  graduate 
of  the  Ladies'  College  at  Ottawa  and  is  an  accomplished  pianist.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Cunningham  have  three  children:  Walter  M.,  who  has  the  distinction  of  being 
the  only  native  son  of  a  native  son  and  a  native  daughter  of  British  Columbia ; 
Evelyn  Lee ;  and  Helen  Muriel. 

Since  age  gave  him  the  right  of  franchise  Mr.  Cunningham  has  taken  an  active 
interest  in  politics  and  is  now  a  member  of  the  Conservative  Club  of  New  West- 
minster. He  is  also  a  member  of  the  New  Westminster  Club,  and  he  belongs  to 
King  Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  to  the  Royal  Arch  Chapter.  He 
is  likewise  connected  with  the  Hoo  Hoos  and  in  191 1  was  vicegerent  snark.  His 
religious  belief  is  that  of  the  Methodist  church.  All  who  know  Mr.  Cunning- 
ham— and  his  friends  are  many — speak  of  him  in  terms  of  high  regard.  A  life- 
long resident  of  the  province,  he  has  witnessed  much  of  its  development,  his 
memory  going  back  to  the  days  when  the  Pacific  coast  country  was  largely  a 
pioneer  district  and  into  various  regions  civilization  had  not  yet  penetrated. 
There  were  great  sections  of  unclaimed  timber  lands  and  undeveloped  valley 
lands.  Mr.  Cunningham  rejoices  in  what  has  been  accomplished  as  the  years 
have  gone  by  and  has  borne  his  part  in  the  work  of  improvement,  his  labors  being 
a  service  of  signal  usefulness  in  many  ways. 


JAMES  HENRY  VIDAL. 


One  of  the  most  representative,  able  and  successful  men  of  New  Westminster 
is  James  Henry  Vidal,  who  for  twenty-four  years  has  lived  in  the  city,  his  activi- 
ties touching  and  influencing  many  phases  of  municipal  advancement.  He  is 
engaged  in  the  real-estate  business  and  has  built  up  an  important  and  growing 
patronage  along  this  line.  He  was  born  on  the  28th  of  March,  1864,  in  Sarnia, 
Ontario,  the  fourth  son  of  the  late  Senator  Alex  Vidal,  of  that  city. 

James  H.  Vidal  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
community  and  afterward  attended  Upper  Canada  College  in  Toronto.  After  lay- 
ing aside  his  books  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Canadian  Bank  of  Commerce 
and  after  eight  years  and  a  half  resigned  his  position  to  come  west,  arriving  in 
New  Westminster  in  the  spring  of  1889.  He  has  since  that  time  thoroughly  iden- 
tified himself  with  the  interests  of  the  city  and  is  known  as  one  of  the  most  sub- 


JAMES  H.  VIDAL 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  255 

stantial  and  public-spirited  of  the  early  settlers.  At  first,  in  common  with  a  great 
many  others,  he  engaged  in  a  variety  of  occupations,  participating  in  the  harvest- 
ing of  a  "crop"  of  salmon  during  a  "big  year"  at  the  original  Phoenix  cannery, 
near  Steveston.  He  was  afterward  appointed  to  the  staff  of  the  land  registry 
office,  where  he  worked  with  signal  success  for  over  six  years.  Upon  retiring  from 
government  service  he  entered  a  new  field  of  labor  and  for  ten  years  thereafter 
was  identified  with  the  daily  and  weekly  British  Columbian.  At  the  end  of  that 
time  he  was  appointed  justice  of  the  peace  and  later  turned  his  attention  to  the 
real-estate  business,  joining  a  local  firm  in  whose  interests  he  conducted  successful 
operations  for  five  years,  eventually  going  into  business  for  himself.  He  handles 
a  great  deal  of  valuable  property  and  by  his  sound  judgment,  his  discrimination 
and  his  keen  business  ability  has  made  his  enterprise  profitable  not  only  to  himself 
but  to  his  clients  also. 

During  the  twenty-four  years  he  has  lived  in  New  Westminster  Mr.  Vidal 
has  identified  himself  with  many  of  the  enterprises  affecting  municipal  growth 
and  advancement  and  the  upbuilding  of  the  neighboring  sections.  He  assisted  in 
promoting  the  Fruit  Growers  Association,  the  British  Columbia  Live  Stock  Asso- 
ciation and  the  British  Columbia  Dairymen's  Association,  and  for  over  twenty 
years  has  been  an  active  member  of  the  Royal  Agricultural  and  Industrial  Society 
of  British  Columbia,  of  which  he  has  been  a  director  for  many  years.  Always  a 
devotee  of  outdoor  sports  and  fresh  air  exercise,  he  has  entered  with  enthusiasm 
into  indoor  sports  also  and  has  replaced  the  field  sports  of  his  eastern  days  by  trap 
shooting,  cricket  and  rifle  shooting.  For  three  years  he  was  secretary  of  the  Gun 
Club  and  took  a  leading  part  in  two  of  the  annual  bench  shows  and  was  for  one 
year  a  gymnasium  instructor  in  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association.  For 
the  last  three  years  he  has  been  captain  of  the  Civilian  Rifle  Association  and  was 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  New  Westminster  Chess  Club.  In  club  circles  and  in 
general  society  he  is  well  known  and  prominent  but  is  not  affiliated  with  any 
secret  organization.  He  is  a  liberal  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  has 
filled  various  offices  in  the  local  association,  being  now  vice  president  for  the  city 
of  New  Westminster.  Thus  far,  however,  he  has  taken  no  active  part  in  municipal 
government,  preferring  to  concentrate  his  attention  upon  his  business  affairs, 
which  are  capably  conducted,  making  him  one  of  the  powerful  elements  in  the 
business  advancement  of  the  community. 

In  October,  1907,  Mr.  Vidal  married  Mrs.  Ralph,  a  native  of  England. 


JOHN    WALSH. 

The  death  of  John  Walsh,  who  was  accidentally  drowned  in  the  Fraser  river 
in  1908,  deprived  New  Westminster  of  one  of  the  most  able  men  in  her  official 
service,  a  man  whose  ability  and  energy  had  carried  him  forward  to  an  important 
position  in  the  profession  of  civil  engineering  and  whose  accomplishments  along 
this  line  had  proved  of  signal  benefit  to  the  city  where  he  made  his  home.  He 
was  born  April  15,  1850,  at  Goodrich,  Ontario,  a  son  of  Morris  and  Mary  Walsh, 

)th  of  whom  have  passed  away. 
John  Walsh  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  com- 

mnity  and   after   laying  aside   his   books   served   an   apprenticeship   at   steam 

igineering,  finally  obtaining  his  permit  to  practice  this  profession.  After  obtain- 
ing his  engineer's  papers  he  was  employed  as  engineer  at  Bell's  Furniture  Factory 
it  Wingham,  Ontario,  remaining  in  the  employ  of  that  concern  for  fifteen  years 
and  gaining  during  that  time  the  respect  and  confidence  of  his  superiors  and  the 
ligh  regard  of  all  who  were  associated  with  him.  Eventually,  thinking  that  the 
west  offered  larger  opportunities  for  progress  in  his  special  field,  he  went  to 
Alberta  and  settled  in  Lacombe,  where  for  one  year  he  engaged  in  farming. 
At  the  end  of  that  time,  however,  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  here  remained 

respected  and  highly  esteemed  resident  until  his  death.     Soon  after  his  arrival 


256  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

he  again  underwent  an  examination  in  engineering  and,  after  receiving  his  papers, 
he  entered  the  employ  of  the  city.  He  had  not  time  to  accomplish  all  of  the 
important  work  which  he  had  planned,  his  efforts  being  cut  off  by  an  untimely 
death,  but  during  the  term  of  his  service  he  proved  his  ability,  energy  and  public 
spirit  in  a  conclusive  way,  becoming  well  known  in  professional  and  business 
circles  of  the  city  and  respected  and  esteemed  wherever  he  was  known. 

On  the  ist  of  June,  1880,  Mr.  Walsh  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Sarah 
Ann  Irvin,  a  daughter  of  Robert  and  Lydia  Catherine  Irvin,  the  former  a  prom- 
inent farmer  of  Wingham.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Walsh  became  the  parents  of  the 
following  children:  Cassie,  Olive  Maude,  Lizzie,  Morris,  William  J.,  Adeline, 
George,  Robert  J.,  Martha  Ann,  Gladys  Helen  and  Edward,  all  of  whom  are  living 
except  Lizzie,  and  George.  The  family  are  devout  members  of  the  Methodist 
church  and  are  well  known  in  religious  and  social  circles  of  New  Westminster. 

Mr.  Walsh  met  his  death  by  drowning,  falling  off  the  Lulu  Island  bridge, 
upon  which  he  was  working,  into  the  Eraser  river.  Owing  to  the  large  amount 
of  wood  which  had  drifted  against  the  piers  of  this  bridge  it  had  been  decided 
to  send  three  men,  all  board  of  works'  employes,  to  set  the  wood  floating  down 
stream.  Mr.  Walsh  and  two  companions  undertook  the  task,  and  in  the  course 
of  the  work  the  accident  occurred  which  resulted  in  his  death.  Assistance  was 
at  once  procured  but  it  was  unavailing,  Mr.  Walsh  dying  in  the  discharge  of  the 
duties  which  he  had  so  ably  performed  during  life.  His  wife  survives  him  and 
resides  in  New  Westminster,  where  she  is  well  known  and  popular,  her  genuine 
personal  worth  and  her  excellent  qualities  of  mind  and  character  having  won  her 
the  regard  and  esteem  of  all  who  come  in  contact  with  her. 


PETER  F.  SHEEHAN. 

It  seems  that  the  lower  ranks  of  life  are  overcrowded  and  that  it  is  a  true, 
although  somewhat  trite,  saying  that  "there  is  always  room  at  the  top."  The  great 
majority  seem  not  to  possess  the  ambition  or  the  ability  to  reach  positions  of  leader- 
ship, but  here  and  there  are  found  men  who  are  willing  to  pay  the  price  of  close 
application,  unflagging  industry  and  unfaltering  perseverance  in  order  to  win 
success.  Such  a  man  is  Peter  F.  Sheehan,  of  Vancouver,  well  known  as  a  prom- 
inent representative  of  timber  interests  in  British  Columbia.  He  was  born  at  East 
Tawas,  Michigan,  on  Saginaw  Bay,  July  25,  1873,  and  is  a  son  of  Timothy  and 
Ellen  (O'Connell)  Sheehan,  the  former  a  native  of  Peterboro,  Ontario,  and  the 
latter  of  London,  Ontario.  They  were  married  in  Saginaw,  Michigan,  and  are 
numbered  among  the  pioneer  residents  of  the  east  Saginaw  district,  having  settled 
there  in  the  '6os.  They  now  reside  at  Bay  City,  Michigan,  which  has  been  their 
home  for  the  past  quarter  of  a  century.  Mr.  Sheehan  is  now  retired,  but  was  for 
many  years  connected  with  the  Michigan  Land  &  Lumber  Company,  and  with  the 
Morgan  Land  &  Lumber  Company,  of  both  of  which  he  was  general  manager. 
He  also  had  numerous  personal  holdings  aside  from  his  financial  connection  with 
those  companies.  Although  Michigan  was  his  place  of  residence  from  1888  until 
1906,  all  of  his  business  operations  were  in  Ontario. 

Peter  F.  Sheehan  pursued  his  education  in  the  St.  James  parochial  school  of 
Bay  City,  Michigan,  and  at  the  age  of  fifteen  years  entered  into  his  father's 
employ  in  the  lumber  business  and  was  connected  with  him  for  sixteen  years, 
gaining  thorough,  comprehensive  and  expert  knowledge  along  the  lines  with  which 
he  is  still  connected.  All  of  his  work  during  that  period  was  in  Ontario,  where  he 
was  inspecting  timber,  and  he  was  in  charge  of  various  operations  for  these  com- 
panies, the  duties  of  which  required  a  thoroughly  experienced  and  capable  man- 
ager. From  1906  until  the  early  part  of  1909  Mr.  Sheehan  was  with  the  Port 
Blakeley  Mill  Company,  of  Port  Blakeley,  Washington,  which,  up  to  the  time  of 
its  destruction  by  fire,  was  the  largest  mill  in  the  world.  The  importance  and 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  257 

extent  of  his  operations  in  connection  with  various  departments  of  the  timber 
and  lumber  trade  largely  made  him  an  authority  upon  different  phases  of  the 
business.  In  May,  1909,  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  a  few  months  afterwards 
entered  the  employ  of  the  Fraser  River  Lumber  Company,  now  the  Canadian 
Western  Lumber  Company,  and  remained  a  year  and  a  half.  In  1910,  in  connec- 
tion with  John  Duffy,  he  opened  a  timber  office  in  the  Fairfield  building,  which 
they  continued  until  the  completion  of  the  Pacific  building,  where  they  have  since 
occupied  a  well  appointed  suite  of  rooms.  In  1913  they  were  joined  in  business 
by  H.  O.  Dempster,  B.  Sc.,  C.  E.,  B.  C.  L.  S.,  O.  L.  S.,  the  firm  now  being  known 
as  Sheehan,  Duffy  &  Dempster.  The  third  partner  is  an  expert  surveyor,  being 
retained  by  the  provinces  of  British  Columbia  and  Ontario  as  official  surveyor. 
The  company  is  engaged  in  inspecting  and  surveying  timber  and  timber  lands  for 
clients.  They  have  a  large  consultation  practice  among  persons  wishing  to  buy 
or  sell  and  who  before  entering  into  negotiations  for  disposing  of  or  purchasing 
property  wish  to  have  expert  advice  and  reliable  statistics.  Among  their  clients 
are  some  of  the  largest  firms  on  the  Pacific  coast.  This  is  the  only  organized 
company  in  the  province  conducting  a  business  of  this  nature,  and  there  opinions 
and  reports  are  considered  as  authority.  Both  Mr.  Sheehan  and  Mr.  Duffy  have 
made  a  life  work  of  the  timber  an.d  lumber  business,  having  had  many  years 
experience  in  this  line,  and  as  Mr.  Dempster  has  won  an  enviable  record  as  a 
surveyor  it  can  be  readily  understood  that  the  company  is  well  fitted  for  the 
business  in  which  it  is  engaged. 

Mr.  Sheehan  is  independent  in  politics.  He  is  a  member  of  St.  Patrick's 
Catholic  church  and  of  the  Knights  of  Columbus.  Owing  to  the  importance  and 
extent  of  his  business,,  his  time  and  attention  are  chiefly  concentrated  thereon, 
yet  all  who  meet  him  find  him  a  courteous,  friendly  gentleman,  kindly  and  affable 
in  manner  and,  as  someone  has  expressed  it,  "with  a  heart  and  mind  as  big  as  he 
is."  Substantial  and  commendable  traits  of  character,  as  well  as  business  discern- 
ment and  capable  management  have  been  important  elements  in  his  success. 


JOHN    HALES    SWEET. 

One  of  the  barristers  in  Vancouver  and  one  of  the  most  progressive  and 
public-spirited  men  in  the  city  is  John  Hales  Sweet,  practicing  at  the  bar  as  a 
member  of  the  firm  of  Bond  &  Sweet.     He  was  born  in  Dalhousie,  New  Bruns- 
wick, on  the  1 3th  of  October,  1878,  and  is  a  son  of  Rev.  John  Hales  Sweet  and 
Mrs.  Sweet,  who  was  in  her  maidenhood  Miss  Eva  Janet  Vial.    The  father  was 
)rn  in  London,  England,  and  was  educated  for  the  ministry  at  St.  Augustin's 
"heological  College  at  Canterbury,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1870.    Imme- 
liately  afterward  he  came  to  Canada,  taking  up  his  ministerial  work  at  Stone- 
im,  Quebec,  whence  he  went  to  New  Carlisle  and  then  to  Paspebiac.     He  was 
iter  stationed  at  Dalhousie,  New  Brunswick,  until  1880,  in  which  year  he  was 
;nt  to  Newcastle,  that  province,  where  he  remained  until  1895.     From  New- 
istle  he  went  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  and  there  became  rector  of  St. 
fames   parish,  in  which  capacity  he  still  continues,  doing  a  great  deal  of  earnest, 
>ncentrated  and  beneficial  work. 

In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  John  Hales   Sweet  attended   Harkin's 
academy  at  Newcastle,  New  Brunswick,  and  afterward  entered  the  University  of 
lew  Brunswick,  at  Fredericton,  from  which  he  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of 
5.  A.  in  1899.    Immediately  afterward  he  joined  his  father  at  Victoria  and  took  up 
the  study  of  law  with  the  firm  of  Bodwell  &  Duff,  being  called  to  the  bar  of  this 
province  in  1902.    He  began  the  active  practice  of  his  profession  in  Victoria,  where 
he  remained  until  1904,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  forming  a  partnership  with 
Lambert  Bond  under  the  firm  name  of  Bond  &  Sweet,  a  connection  which  he 
still  retains. 


258  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

During  his  residence  in  Victoria,  Mr.  Sweet  was  lieutenant  in  the  Fifth  Regi- 
ment, Canadian  Artillery,  and  in  Vancouver  he  aided  in  organizing  the  United 
Service  Club,  although  he  has  since  resigned  his  membership.  He  belongs  to 
the  Western  and  Canadian  Clubs  and  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church.  He  is 
a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  has  been  active  in  the  work  of  the  local 
party  organization. 

WILLIAM  JOHN  KERR. 

William  John  Kerr  is  essentially  a  British  Columbian,  one  of  the  type  that  has 
in  it  that  crystallized  spirit  of  the  west  which  has  been  such  a  potent  factor  in 
the  rapid  and  stable  development  of  this  great  province.  Endowed  with  a  mag- 
netic personality,  untiring  energy,  sound  judgment,  a  quick  grasp  of  business  af- 
fairs and  an  accurate  judgment  of  men,  Mr.  Kerr  possesses  all  the  qualifications 
necessary  to  conduct  any  legitimate  enterprise  to  a  successful  issue.  He  has  be- 
come one  of  the  foremost  real-estate  men  of  the  province  and  is  equally  well 
known  in  commercial  circles.  In  both  connections  he  has  manifested  a  spirit  of 
enterprise  and  initiative  that  has  long  since  led  him  to  pass  beyond  the  ranks  of 
the  many  and  stand  among  the  successful  few.  Born  in  Heathcote,  Ontario,  on 
May  24,  1877,  to  Robert  and  Mary  Kerr  (nee  Waudby),  W.  J.  Kerr  is  descended 
from  the  early  settlers  of  Ontario,  his  paternal  and  maternal  grandparents  being 
the  pioneers  of  Boulton,  near  Toronto. 

Son  of  a  farmer,  and  himself  a  close  student  of  nature,  Mr.  Kerr  in  his  early 
years  had  exceptional  opportunities  for  acquiring  that  practical  knowledge  of 
agriculture  that  was  to  stand  him  in  such  good  stead  later  in  life,  when  he  had  be- 
come the  directing  head  of  a  large  real-estate  concern  on  the  Pacific  coast.  But, 
like  many  other  sons  of  the  soil,  he  was  not  content  to  remain  on  the  farm,  and 
when  yet  in  his  early  teens  he  set  out  to  see  the  world  and  seek  his  fortune. 

Calgary  was  the  first  city  to  attract  him.  This  was  in  1892,  when  the  Foot- 
hills city  was  still  in  its  infancy  and  retained  much  of  its  wild-west  ways.  From 
Calgary  young  Kerr  went  north  to  Edmonton,  and  then  spending  a  short  time  in 
the  different  towns  in  the  interior,  he  gradually  made  his  way  to  Vancouver,  arriv- 
ing there  in  1897,  on  his  twentieth  birthday. 

At  that  time  Vancouver  was  thronged  with  men  bound  to  the  recently  dis- 
covered gold  fields  of  the  Klondike.  Stories  of  great  fortunes  made — and  lost — 
in  a  day  were  on  every  tongue.  The  lure  of  the  north  proved  irresistible,  and 
from  1898  to  1902  Mr.  Kerr  mushed  and  mined  in  the  frozen  northland.  Fortune 
failed  to  reward  him,  however,  and  he  returned  to  the  coast  richer  only  in  ex- 
perience and  knowledge. 

From  1902  to  1905  Mr.  Kerr  engaged  in  various  commercial  enterprises  in 
Vancouver,  Everett  (Wash.),  Chilliwack  and  other  cities.  In  the  spring  of  1905 
he  opened  a  real-estate  and  auctioneer's  office  in  New  Westminster,  conducting 
the  two  vocations  for  the  next  couple  of  years. 

Real-estate,  however,  soon  required  his  entire  attention,  and  he  laid  aside  the 
auctioneer's  hammer.  He  early  foresaw  the  great  demand  that  was  assured  for 
small  fruit  and  poultry  farms  in  the  Fraser  valley  and  was  one  of  the  first  to  sub- 
divide large  tracts  of  cleared  land  into  five-acre  parcels,  'selling  this  on  long  term 
payments.  His  success  in  successfully  placing  industrious  settlers  on  the  land  has 
been  almost  phenomenal  and  can  be  better  appreciated  when  one  realizes  that  he 
has  had  over  one  hundred  and  fifty  employes  on  his  pay  roll  at  one  time.  His 
branch  offices  are  to  be  found  in  Vancouver,  Coquitlam,  Calgary  and  Winnipeg, 
while  in  eighteen  other  cities  leading  firms  act  as  his  representatives. 

Mr.  Kerr  has  the  reputation  of  being  the  heaviest  individual  advertiser  in 
western  Canada,  and  he  himself  attributes  much  of  his  business  success  to  a  gen- 
erous use  of  printer's  ink.  Early  in  1913  Mr.  Kerr  conceived  the  idea  of  estab- 
lishing a  chain  of  cash  grocery  stores  in  western  Canada,  and  promoted  a  com- 


WILLIAM   J.   KKRR 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  261 

pany  for  the  purpose  of  operating  such  stores  in  Winnipeg,  Brandon,  Regma, 
Moose  Jaw,  Medicine  Hat,  Calgary,  Edmonton,  Nelson,  Revelstoke,  Kamloops, 
Vernon,  New  Westminster,  Vancouver,  Victoria  and  Nanaimo.  The  Dominion 
Stores,  Limited,  as  the  company  is  known,  is  capitalized  at  a  million  dollars.  Mr. 
Kerr  is  one  of  the  heaviest  investors  in  this  enterprise. 

Outside  of  his  business  activities  Mr.  Kerr  is  best  known  for  his  interest  in 
the  good  roads  movement.  He  was  largely  instrumental  in  forming  the  Cana- 
dian Highways  Association  in  1911  and  was  elected  its  first  president,  an  honor 
which  was  again  conferred  on  him  at  the  second  convention,  held  in  Winnipeg 
in  1912.  As  the  active  head  of  this  organization,  which  had  for  its  patron  His 
Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of  Connaught,  governor-general  of  Canada,  and  a  mem- 
bership extending  from  coast  to  coast,  Mr.  Kerr  is  in  a  position  to  greatly  help 
the  popular  good  roads  movement,  and  he  has  not  failed  to  do  this.  Largely  due 
to  his  assistance,  Canada  was  for  the  first  time  crossed  by  automobile  in  1912, 
the  trip  being  under  the  auspices  of  the  association  of  which  he  is  president. 

Prior  to  the  formation  of  the  Canadian  Highways  Association,  Mr.  Kerr  was 
for  some  years  one  of  the  vice  presidents  of  the  Pacific  Highway  Association,  an 
American-British  Columbia  organization  with  headquarters  in  Seattle.  He  has 
also  held  the  presidency  of  the  New  Westminster  Automobile  Club,  having  been 
active  in  its  formation  and  always  one  of  its  stanchest  supporters.  Prpgressive 
movements  have  always  found  in  him  a  strong  supporter,  and  both  the  New 
Westminster  Board  of  Trade  and  the  New  Westminster  Progressive  Association 
count  him  as  one  of  their  foremost  members. 

Mr.  Kerr  has  never  taken  a  prominent  part  in  the  work  of  any  secret  society, 
although  he  is  a  member  of  the  Elks.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Westminster 
Club.  His  marriage  to  Gertrude  Medley,  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  William 
Medley,  of  New  Westminster,  took  place  in  that  city  on  October  5,  1905.  He  has 
no  children.  Such  in  brief  is  the  life  history  of  Mr.  Kerr,  whose  business  on  every 
occasion  balances  up  with  the  principles  of  truth  and  honor,  while  his  devotion  to 
the  public  good  is  a  recognized  feature  in  his  career.  He  is  the  strong  center  of 
the  community  in  which  he  moves.  He  is  forceful  and  resourceful  in  real-estate 
and  mercantile  circles,  and  at  the  same  time  his  breadth  of  view  not  only  saw 
possibilities  for  his  own  advancement  but  for  the  development  of  the  province 
and  his  lofty  patriotism  has  prompted  him  to  utilize  the  latter  as  quickly  and  as 
effectively  as  the  former. 


WILLIAM    N.   O'NEIL. 

William  N.  O'Neil  has  built  up  a  business  in  builders'  supplies  that  o'ertops  all 
other  enterprises  of  its  character  in  Vancouver.  The  secret  of  his  success  is  not 
hard  to  find:  it  lies  in  his  energy,  determination,  watchfulness  and  reliability — 
qualities  which  any  might  cultivate  and  which  never  fail  to  win  advancement  and 
deserved  success.  Mr.  O'Neil  is  a  native  of  Brampton,  Ontario,  born  July  23, 
1874,  his  parents  being  John  M.  and  Jane  Elizabeth  (Long)  O'Neil,  the  former  a 
native  of  Ireland  and  the  latter  of  Ontario.  The  father  made  farming  his  life 
work,  and  both  he  and  his  wife  remained  residents  of  Ontario  until  their  life's 
labors  were  ended  in  death. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  province  William  N.  O'Neil  pursued  his 
education,  but  his  opportunities  were  somewhat  limited,  owing  to  the  fact  that 
he  was  early  thrown  upon  his  own  resources,  having  made  his  way  in  the  world 
unaided  from  the  age  of  fourteen  years.  Whatever  success  he  has  achieved  and 
enjoyed  is  the  direct  result  of  his  perseverance  and  capability.  He  continued 
a  resident  of  Toronto  until  the  spring  of  1898,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia, 
where  he  established  his  present  business  in  the  same  year.  For  fifteen  years 
he  has  now  been  a  dealer  in  builders'  supplies  of  this  city.  He  became  manufac- 
turers' agent  for  a  number  of  articles,  and  from  that  beginning-  gradually  built 


262  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

up  the  business  until  in  January,  1912,  it  was  incorporated  under  the  name  of 
William  N.  O'Neil  &  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  is  president  and  manager. 
Associated  with  him  in  the  business  are  H.  J.  Wade,  J.  A.  Goode  and  W.  J.  Risk. 
They  also  have  a  subsidiary  company  in  Victoria  and  they  handle  a  full  line  of 
building  materials,  including  hardwood  flooring,  paints,  oils,  grates,  mantels,  tile, 
glazed  brick,  terra  cotta,  etc.,  having  the  finest  assortment  and  display  of  these 
materials  in  the  province  and  probably  in  western  Canada.  The  business  has 
steadily  grown  along  well  defined  lines  in  keeping  with  the  progressive  spirit  of 
commerce,  and  Mr.  O'Neil's  capable  management,  keen  discernment  and  ability 
to  wisely  use  every  opportunity  have  brought  him  his  success. 

On  the  5th  of  July,  1902,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  O'Neil  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  B.  V.  Riach,  of  Hamilton,  Ontario,  and  they  have  one  child,  Kathleen. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  O'Neil  are  members  of  the  Chalmers  Presbyterian  church,  and  the 
former  holds  membership  in  the  Commercial,  Progress  and  Vancouver  Auto- 
mobile Clubs.  He  is  also  connected  with  the  Board  of  Trade  and  is  in  hearty 
sympathy  with  its  projects  for  the  improvement  of  the  city.  His  interests  are 
broad  and  varied.  He  looks  at  life  from  the  standpoint  of  a  liberal-minded  man, 
who  takes  cognizance  of  conditions  and  possibilities  and  works  toward  improve- 
ment along  all  the  lines  of  material,  intellectual  and  moral  advancement,  keeping 
ever  in  view  the  points  of  municipal  welfare. 


JOSEPH  WILSON  McCALLUM. 

Joseph  Wilson  McCallum  is  a  representative  business  man  of  New  West- 
minster and  during  the  last  twenty-eight  years  his  work  has  been  effective  in  the 
attainment  of  great  results  in  the  development  of  British  Columbia.  He  has 
resided  in  this  province  since  1883  and  his  energy  and  ability  as  an  organizer  and 
director  have  since  been  in  evidence,  ever  constituting  an  element  in  the  progress 
and  welfare  of  the  northwest.  Mr.  McCallum  is  a  native  of  Nova  Scotia  and 
was  born  July  4,  1854.  He  represents  one  of  the  old  Canadian  families.  His 
parents  were  William  and  Martha  McCallum,  both  of  whom  were  born,  reared, 
educated  and  spent  their  entire  lives  in  Nova  Scotia. 

In  the  acquirement  of  his  early  education  Joseph  W.  McCallum  attended 
the  grammar  schools  of  his  native  city,  and  afterward  prepared  for  a  business 
career  by  taking  a  course  as  a  general  accountant.  At  the  age  of  twenty  he  went 
to  Boston,  Massachusetts,  where  he  engaged  in  the  express  and  drayage  busi- 
ness until  July,  1883,  when  he  was  caught  by  the  lure  of  the  west  and  came  to 
New  Westminster,  British  Columbia.  In  those  days  employment  was  not  of  a 
very  diversified  kind  nor  was  it  possible  for  the  ambitious  young  man  to  wait  for 
a  choice  of  work.  Mr.  McCallum  took  anything  that  offered  that  would  yield 
him  an  honest  living.  He  engaged  as  a  driver  with  H.  Elliot,  one  of  the  pioneers 
of  New  Westminster,  but,  anxious  to  advance,  he  was  awake  to  all  opportunities 
and  utilized  every  means  at  hand  to  promote  his  progress  in  a  business  way.  For 
a  time  he  tried  blacksmithing  under  Walter  Blackie,  and  in  1885 -he  secufed  a 
farm  in  Surrey  which  he  cultivated  and  improved  until  1896.  He  was  then 
attracted  by  the  upper  country  and  with  many  others  entered  upon  the  quest  for 
gold  in  the  mining  regions  of  the  north.  He  prospected  in  the  Kootenay  and 
Boundary  districts  for  six  years  when,  the  fascination  of  the  gold  fields  losing  its 
charm,  he  went  to  Salmon  Arm,  where  he  embarked  in  the  real-estate  business. 
After  locating  there  he  opened  a  general  store  and  as  his  sterling  qualities  became 
known  and  recognized  he  found  his  business  increasing  to  such  proportions  that 
it  was  impossible  to  give  to  the  different  departments  all  the  attention  they 
required,  so  that  he  disposed  of  a  portion  of  the  business.  In  1908  he  sold  out 
altogether  in  Salmon  Arm  and  again  located  on  the  coast.  He  afterward  removed 
to  Abbottsford  and  has  divided  his  time  and  attention  between  Abbottsford  and 
New  Westminster  to  the  present  day.  He  has  a  factory  in  the  east  end  of  the 


JOSEPH  W.  McCALLUM 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  265 

latter  city  where  he  is  now  engaged  in  making  cement  blocks  and  plastic  floor- 
ing. This  has  become  one  of  the  important  industries  of  the  city  and  in  its  suc- 
cessful control  Mr.  McCallum  is  proving  his  worth  as  a  business  man.  He  has 
been  closely  identified  with  the  development  of  the  Surrey  district.  Public- 
spirited  and  enterprising,  he  has  ever  endeavored  to  advance  the  interests  of 
this  part  of  the  country  and  his  labors  are  effective  and  far-reaching. 

In  1876  occurred  the  marriage  of  Mr.  McCallum  and  Miss  Elizabeth  McDon- 
ald, of  Nova  Scotia,  and  unto  them  have  been  born  four  children :  John,  of  Van- 
couver; Mrs.  Annie  Edson,  of  Vancouver;  Martha,  of  Spokane,  Washington; 
and  Alexander,  of  New  Westminster.  Politically  Mr.  McCallum  is  of  that  inde- 
pendent class  who  give  their  allegiance  to  the  party  or  to  the  measure  which  in 
their  estimation  will  best  promote  the  welfare,  upbuilding  and  progress  of  coun- 
try or  district.  Although  no  longer  a  young  man  he  still  continues  his  interest  in 
athletics,  is  devoted  to  outdoor  sports  and  is  particularly  fond  of  lacrosse,  of 
horse  racing,  boating  and  hunting.  Through  his  activities,  well  directed  and 
honorable,  he  has  gained  the  respect  and  confidence  of  the  citizens  of  every 
community  in  which  he  has  resided. 

Aside  from  business  Mr.  McCallum  has  figured  to  some  extent  in  public 
affairs.  He  served  for  one  term  as  reeve  of  Salmon  Arm  and  three  years  as 
councilman  in  Surrey.  He  is  and  has  been  prominent  in  agricultural  circles  and 
for  several  years  was  a  director  of  the  Westminster  Agricultural  Society.  The 
cause  of  education  has  ever  found  in  him  a  friend  and  while  in  Surrey  he  acted 
as  a  school  trustee.  He  is  an  Odd  Fellow  and  that  he  is  interested  in  the  moral 
progress  of  the  community  is  indicated  by  his  membership  in  the  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association,  in  the  work  of  which  he  takes  an  active  and  helpful  part. 


GEORGE  W.   GILLEY. 

No  word  of  praise  or  eulogy,  no  sentence  of  criticism  can  alter  the  life 
record  of  one  who  has  gone,  but  the  story  truly  told  contains  a  lesson  that  others 
may  learn  and  profit  by.  If  it  be  the  story  of  an  honest  man  whose  natural  gifts 
were  used  for  the  betterment  of  his  home  community,  or  in  a  yet  wider  sphere,  for 
the  benefit  of  his  fellowmen,  it  may  serve  to  encourage  and  inspire  others,  indi- 
cating the  possibilities  that  lie  before  the  individual  and  demonstrating  what  may 
be  accomplished  through  personal  effort  and  ambition  intelligently  directed.  Such 
a  career  was  that  of  George  W.  Gilley  of  New  Westminster  and  for  many  years 
one  of  its  foremost  citzens.  He  aided  in  building  up  this  city  and  contributed  to 
its  importance,  traveling  a  path  of  usefulness  and  honor.  His  start  in  life  was 
but  humble,  so  that  without  any  special  advantages  to  aid  him  at  the  outset  of 
his  career,  he  worked  his  way  upward  by  the  sheer  force  of  his  character  and  a 
natural  ability,  despite  obstacles  and  serious  hindrances.  Born  in  St.  Andrews, 
•New  Brunswick,  on  April  2,  1852,  George  W.  Gilley  was  a  son  of  George  and 
Mary  Gilley,  both  of  St.  Andrews,  where  they  passed  away.  George  Gilley  was  a 
wharf  builder  and  ship  carpenter  and  well  and  favorably  known  in  his  home 
community.  His  son,  our  subject,  was  reared  there,  but  his  education  was  very 
slight.  In  fact  he  received  only  a  few  months  of  schooling  in  all.  However,  he 
was  a  young  man  of  extraordinary  intellect  and  quick  perception  and  learned 
much  by  self-study  and  from  life's  experiences.  When  he  was  only  twenty-one 
years  of  age  he  already  had  charge  of  a  large  force  of  bridge  builders,  and  from 
this  early  age  was  prominent  in  contracting  and  bridge  and  wharf  building.  His 
powers  of  mental  calculation  were  wonderful  and  he  was  able  to  solve  the  most 
complex  problems  in  his  head  and  used  to  employ  that  method  in  giving  figures  on 
the  largest  contracts,  one  of  which  aggregated  to  a  total  of  sixty  thousand  dollars. 
His  absolute  reliability  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  the  difference  between  him  and 
competing  bidders  was  but  one  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  on  this  large  work. 


266  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

In  May,  1878,  Mr.  Gilley  came  to  British  Columbia,  locating  at  Jericho,  in 
which  city  he  accepted  employment  with  Jerry  Rogers,  doing  carpenter  work. 
Later  he  became  captain  of  the  steam  tug  Maggie,  towing  logs  for  the  Hastings 
mill,  and  after  the  death  of  Mr.  Rogers  in  1879  continued  as  captain  of  the  tug 
in  the  employ  of  the  Hastings  mill  people  for  about  a  year.  After  that  period 
he  came  to  New  Westminster  and  successfully  engaged  in  pile  driving  and 
wharf  building,  having  contracts  for  most  of  the  wharfs  on  the  Fraser  river  in 
those  early  days.  Gradually  his  business  connections  extended  and  he  success- 
fully followed  his  occupation  until  his  death,  which  occurred  on  the  4th  of 
November,  1904.  Not  only  was  he  a  witness  of  the  transformation  that  took 
place  in  New  Westminster  but  an  active  and  cooperatant  factor  in  promoting 
its  advancement  and  his  work  was  a  serviceable  force  in  the  upbuilding  of 
the  city. 

On  August  27,  1873,  Mr.  Gilley  was  united  in  marriage,  at  St.  George,  New 
Brunswick,  to  Miss  Susan  McCormick,  a  native  of  St.  George  and  a  daughter 
of  Joseph  McCormick,  the  latter  born  in  the  north  of  Ireland,  and  Matilda 
(Davis)  McCormick,  a  native  of  the  north  of  England.  The  mother  died  in 
New  Brunswick  in  January,  1887,  but  the  father  is  still  living  there  at  the 
advanced  age  of  eighty-seven  years,  highly  esteemed  and  respected.  He  is  an  old 
veteran  of  the  Fenian  raid.  To  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gilley  no  children  were  born,  but 
they  adopted  a  daughter,  Eva  B.,  whom  they  reared  to  young  womanhood  and 
who  is  an  inseparable  companion  of  her  mother. 

Mr.  Gilley  was  a  genial,  whole-souled  man,  whose  purse  was  always  open  to 
the  needy,  and  all  who  come  in  contact  with  him  were  his  friends  and  admirers. 
He  was  always  foremost  in  any  movement  for  the  progress  and  advancement  of 
New  Westminster,  glad  to  bear  his  share,  when  called  upon,  to  further  any 
worthy  enterprise.  He  was  a  member  of  the  blue  lodge  of  Masons  and  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  Mrs.  Gilley  is  a  member  of  the  Rebekahs, 
and  both  she  and  Miss  Eva  are  members  of  St.  Paul's  Reformed  Episcopal 
church,  in  the  work  of  which  they  take  an  active  and  helpful  interest.  A  man 
of  character  and  achievement,  the  memory  of  Mr.  Gilley  is  reverently  cherished 
not  only  by  his  immediate  family  but  by  many  friends  who  gave  him  their  full 
confidence  on  account  of  his  honorable  and  manly  qualities. 


ERNEST  EBBAGE. 

Ernest  Ebbage,  president  of  Orr  &  Ebbage,  Limited,  was  born  in  Acton,  On- 
tario, April  20,  1876,  his  parents  being  Thomas  and  Anne  (Overton)  Ebbage, 
the  former  a  native  of  Ontario  and  the  latter  of  England.  His  father  was  for 
many  years  engaged  in  the  lumber  business  in  Acton,  where  both  he  and  his  wife 
still  reside,  and  there  the  son  pursued  his  education,  being  a  schoolmate  of  Lewis 
D.  Orr,  who  is  now  his  partner.  At  the  age  of  fourteen  years  he  started  out  in* 
the  business  world  as  an  employe  in  the  office  of  the  Acton  Free  Press,  in  which 
he  learned  the  printing  trade.  In  1897  he  went  to  Butte,  Montana,  and  remained 
in  that  city  and  in  the  interior  of  the  state,  where  he  was  engaged  in  newspaper 
work,  until  1905.  He  then  turned  his  attention  to  the  real-estate  business  in 
Butte,  making  his  initial  effort  in  the  field  in  which  he  is  now  meeting  with  sub- 
stantial success.  He  continued  in  the  business  there  until  1907,  when  he  crossed 
the  border  and  again  became  a  Canadian  resident,  locating  in  Calgary  and  after- 
ward at  Kelowna,  where  he  spent  one  year.  Early  in  1909  he  came  to  Vancouver, 
where  he  has  since  been  engaged  in  the  real-estate  business,  and  in  1912  he  opened 
an  office  in  North  Vancouver.  On  the  ist  of  January,  1913,  he  formed  a  partner- 
ship with  his  schoolmate  and  boyhood  friend,  Lewis  D.  Orr,  under  the  present 
firm  style  of  Orr  &  Ebbage,  Limited,  with  offices  at  No.  508  Dunsmuir  street,  while 
his  North  Vancouver  office  now  serves  as  a  branch  establishment  for  the  company. 
The  friendship  formed  between  the  two  partners  in  their  childhood  days  has 


ERNEST  EBBAGE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  269 

grown  and  strengthened  as  the  years  have  passed  by.  They  were  born  within 
eight  miles  of  each  other,  attended  the  Acton  public  school  together,  and  from 
that  time  have  been  the  warmest  of  friends.  They  left  Ontario  about  the  same 
time,  Mr.  Orr  going  to  New  York  city  and  Mr.  Ebbage  to  Montana.  After  being 
apart  for  many  years  and  having  no  idea  as  to  the  whereabouts  of  each  other, 
they  met  one  day,  after  each  had  been  in  Vancouver  but  a  short  time,  in  Mclntyre's 
cafe.  That  was  in  April,  1909.  Both  became  interested  in  the  real-estate  business 
in  this  city  and  decided  to  join  their  interests.  The  present  partnership  was 
formed,  as  previously  stated,  in  January,  1913.  They  now  have  a  large  clientage 
and  the  business  is  growing  so  that  they  have  won  a  place  among  the  leading 
real-estate  men  of  the  city. 

In  Butte,  Montana,  Mr.  Ebbage  was  married  to  Miss  Pearle  L.  Eaton,  of  Des 
Moines,  Iowa,  a  daughter  of  Harrison  A.  Eaton,  a  lumber  merchant  and  pioneer 
of  that  city.  The  three  children  of  this  marriage  are  Elizabeth,  Ernestine  and 
Raymund.  Mr.  Ebbage  is  a  member  of  the  Terminal  City  Club,  British  Columbia 
Golf  and  Country  Club,  and  during  his  residence  in  Vancouver  has  won  a  wide 
circle  of  friends.  Both  partners  are  enterprising  young  business  men,  watchful 
of  opportunity,  active  and  determined  in  meeting  and  overcoming  obstacles,  and 
with  resolute  spirit  working  their  way  steadily  upward  to  success. 


EDWARD  JULIUS  FALCH. 

Edward  Julius  Falch  occupies  an  important  position  in  New  Westminster  as 
proprietor  of  the  Royal  City  Hotel,  which  establishment  he  has  conducted  for 
about  fourteen  years.  After  an  interesting  career,  in  many  respects  stranger  than 
fiction,  he  settled  in  New  Westminster  and  has  here  attained  a  success  which 
ranks  him  with  the  substantial  men  of  his  community.  His  material  attainments 
are  the  more  commendable  as  they  have  been  achieved  entirely  through  his  own 
efforts  and  in  such  a  way  as  to  cast  not  the  slightest  shadow  of  wrong  upon  his 
record.  He  was  born  in  Norway  on  January  27,  1872,  a  son  of  Edward  and  Julia 
(Neerland)  Falch,  natives  of  the  Norse  kingdom,  where  the  father  died  in  1889 
and  the  mother  still  makes  her  home. 

Edward  J.  Falch  remained  in  his  native  country  until  he  had  passed  his  four- 
teenth birthday,  acquiring  his  education  largely  under  private  instruction  from  his 
father,  who  was  a  man  of  learning  and  who  during  his  lifetime  held  a  number  of 
important  government  posts.  In  1886  Edward  J.  Falch  set  out  for  himself  with 
the  desire  to  see  the  world  and  to  find  his  opportunity.  Leaving  Norway,  he  went 
to  South  Shields-on-Tyne,  England,  whence  he  shipped  before  the  mast  as  a  sea- 
man on  a  coast-going  vessel  plying  along  the  English  and  French  coast  and 
through  the  Mediterranean  to  the  Holy  Land.  On  that  occasion  he  visited  Jeru- 
salem. He  subsequently  sailed  to  Glasgow,  thence  to  Liverpool  and  from  there 
to  Ireland.  About  1888  he  shipped  aboard  the  sailing  vessel  Albion  at  Liverpool 
for  Portland,  the  voyage  consuming  one  hundred  and  seventy-two  days.  Landing 
Portland,  he  left  the  ship  and  proceeded  to  Tillamook  bay,  where  he  was  em- 
ployed for  some  time  at  pile  driving,  but  later  returned  to  Portland.  There  he 
remained  but  a  short  time,  however,  then  making  his  way  northward  to  Seattle, 
coming  a  fortnight  later  to  British  Columbia.  Finding  employment  in  Vancouver 
at  cutting  shingles,  he  was  so  engaged  in  1890  in  a  location  which  is  now  the  end 
of  Hastings  street.  At  that  time  he  cut  a  cedar  tree  on  East  Hastings  which 
measured  eleven  feet  across  and  it  took  him  four  days  to  bring  down  the  tree. 
It  furnished  twenty-eight  cords  of  shingle  bolts,  which  statement  will  give  an  idea 
of  the  enormous  size  of  the  forest  trees.  That  winter  he  spent  in  the  timber  land 
and  in  the  following  spring  went  to  Steveston,  purchasing  an  outfit  for  salmon 
fishing,  but  typhoid  fever  overtook  him  and  prevented  the  conclusion  of  his  affairs. 
He  was  ill  during  the  greater  part  of  the  summer.  What  money  he  had  saved  was 
used  for  medical  attention  and  when  he  was  ready  to  engage  in  work  again  his 


270  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

funds  were  reduced  to  a  minimum.  However,  he  held  to  his  purpose  and  en- 
gaged in  fishing,  continuing  in  that  business  successfully  for  ten  years,  or  until 
the  Japanese  became  so  numerous  that  the  business  turned  out  to  be  unprofitable. 
During  this  time  Mr.  Falch  sold  one  spring's  catch  for  more  than  four  thousand 
dollars,  receiving  between  one  and  one-quarter  and  one  and  one-half  cents  per 
pound.  He  also  caught  many  large  sturgeon,  one  of  which  tipped  the  scales  at  the 
remarkable  weight  of  eight  hundred  and  sixty-four  pounds.  In  1901  Mr.  Falch 
came  to  New  Westminster  and,  perceiving  an  opportunity  to  establish  an  up-to- 
date  hotel,  built  the  present  Royal  City  Hotel,  which  he  has  made  one  of  the  most 
popular  of  the  city.  It  is  modern  and  equipped  with  all  the  conveniences  of  the 
day,  its  clientage  being  representative  and  of  a  high  class.  Mr.  Falch  is  a  born 
host,  a  genial  entertainer  and  never  fails  to  give  the  closest  attention  to  even  the 
smallest  detail  of  his  business  to  assure  his  guests  of  the  greatest  comforts. 

In  1903  Mr.  Falch  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Maud  Batt,  by  whom  he 
had  two  children.  His  wife  and  children  have  since  passed  away.  In  May,  1908, 
he  married  Miss  Annie  Lawrence,  of  Dundee,  Scotland,  and  to  them  were  born 
two  daughters,  Edna  Annie  Hendricka  and  Margaret  Julia.  Fraternally  Mr. 
Falch  is  connected  with  the  Eagles.  He  is  an  enthusiastic  sportsman  and  said  to 
be  the  best  informed  man  in  British  Columbia  as  regards  waterways  and  the 
haunts  of  game.  Every  year  in  November  he  spends  the  entire  month  in  hunting 
and  fishing,  taking  with  him  from  six  to  twelve  friends  who  are  his  guests  on  the 
trip.  His  hunting  scow  is  fitted  with  all  conveniences  and  it  is  needless  to  say  that 
he  makes  these  trips  memorable  to  those  who  are  his  guests.  Everything  that  can 
contribute  to  their  well-being  is  provided  and  he  always  hires  one  of  the  best  cooks 
obtainable  to  prepare  the  meals  of  the  party.  For  weeks  tramps  are  made  to  the 
wildest  parts  of  the  mountain  fastnesses  and  many  times  they  travel  with  their 
packs  on  their  backs  and  guns  in  hand,  passing  through  the  finest  and  most  won- 
derful scenery  in  the  world.  Although  public-spirited  and  progressive,  Mr.  Falch 
has  never  cared  to  actively  participate  in  the  public  life  of  his  city,  although  he 
takes  a  deep  interest  in  all  worthy  enterprises  affecting  the  welfare  of  the  public. 
By  his  activities  he  has  largely  promoted  growth  and  expansion  and,  while  he  has 
attained  personal  prosperity,  has  been  a  serviceable  factor  in  bringing  about  the 
prosperous  conditions  that  now  prevail  in  New  Westminster. 


JAMES  BEVERIDGE. 

Prominent  among  the  enterprising,  progressive  and  representative  business 
men  of  Vancouver  is  James  Beveridge,  who  is  conducting  an  extensive,  growing 
and  profitable  business  as  an  importer  of  teas,  coffees  and  spices  under  the  name 
of  William  Braid  &  Company.  Step  by  step  he  has  worked  his  way  upward  in 
commercial  circles,  being  dependent  upon  his  own  resources  from  the  age  of 
sixteen  years  and  achieving  his  success  by  reason  of  close  application,  capable 
management  and  honorable  dealing.  Today  the  business  is  one  of  notable  mag- 
nitude, having  been  carefully  developed  along  progressive  lines,  its  growth  being 
due  also  to  the  fine  quality  of  the  goods  carried. 

Mr.  Beveridge  was  born  in  Murton,  Northumberland,  England,  December  8, 
1856,  a  son  of  William  and  Hannah  (Hogg)  Beveridge,  the  former  a  farmer  of 
Northumberland.  Until  sixteen  years  of  age  James  Beveridge  remained  upon 
his  father's  farm  and  during  that  period  acquired  his  education  in  Davidson's 
parish  school  at  Thornton.  He  then  went  to  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  where  he 
made  his  initial  step  in  the  business  world  in  connection  with  the  grocery  trade. 
After  serving  his  apprenticeship  in  an  establishment  of  that  character  he  con- 
tinued as  an  employe  in  the  retail  trade  until  he  became  traveling  salesman  for 
the  importing  house  of  James  Gall  &  Company,  of  Glasgow,  with  whom  he 
remained  until  1891,  when  he  resigned  and  went  to  San  Francisco,  California. 
He  then  became  traveling  salesman  for  the  importing  and  manufacturing  firm 


JAMES   BEVERIDGE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  273 

of  A.  Schilling  &  Company  of  that  city  but  after  two  years  came  to  British 
Columbia  in  1894  as  traveling  representative  for  the  same  firm  with  headquarters 
in  Victoria,  covering  the  territory  of  British  Columbia.  He  remained  with  the 
firm  of  A.  Schilling  &  Company  until  1895,  when  they  wished  him  to  return  to  the 
United  States,  but  preferring  to  reside  on  this  side  of  the  border  he  resigned  his 
position.  In  that  year  he  became  associated  with  the  wholesale  tea,  colfee  and 
spice  house  of  William  Braid  &  Company,  of  Vancouver,  acting  as  their  travel- 
ing representative  in  British  Columbia  for  a  decade  or  until  1904,  when  he 
became  a  partner  in  the  business.  After  that  time  he  only  went  upon  the  road 
for  an  occasional  trip.  As  a  commercial  salesman  he  was  one  of  the  best  and 
most  successful  in  the  business,  was  thoroughly  acquainted  with  the  trade,  and 
his  energy,  enterprise  and  diligence,  combined  with  an  agreeable  manner  and 
geniality,  made  him  popular  with  those  with  whom  he  had  dealings  and  con- 
tributed much  to  the  success  of  the  house  which  he  represented.  After  pur- 
chasing an  interest  in  the  firm  of  William  Braid  &  Company  he  bent  his  energies 
to  administrative  direction  and  executive  control  of  the  business  in  Vancouver, 
introduced  enterprising  methods,  kept  in  touch  with  the  trend  of  commercial 
activity  and  by  careful  management  developed  the  trade  to  large  proportions. 
In  January,  1912,  he  purchased  the  interests  of  Mr.  William  Braid  in  the  busi- 
ness and  is  now  sole  proprietor.  Since  starting  out  on  his  own  account  he  has 
made  continuous  progress,  never  fearing  to  venture  where  favoring  opportunity 
led  the  way  and  making  the  most  of  each  advantage  as  it  has  arisen.  The  under- 
taking of  which  he  is  now  sole  proprietor  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  promi- 
nent in  this  line  in  western  Canada.  Its  territory  covers  the  provinces  of  British 
Columbia,  Alberta  and  Saskatchewan  and  Yukon  territory,  and  its  importation 
and  sales  have  reached  mammoth  proportions.  Mr.  Beveridge  is  himself  an 
expert  in  judging  teas  and  coffees.  The  special  brands  of  the  house  are  Braid's 
Best  tea,  Braid's  Best  coffee  and  Big  Four  coffee.  An  extensive  business  in  the 
manufacture  of  extracts  is  also  carried  on,  all  of  the  products  being  scientifically 
and  carefully  prepared,  the  latest  improved  processes,  methods  and  machinery 
being  used.  The  genuine  bourbon  vanilla  bean  is  imported  and  their  vanilla 
extract  is  percolated  in  barrels,  it  requiring  from  three  to  five  months  to  mature. 
The  lemon  extract  is  also  carefully  filtered  and  all  of  the  processes  used  are  of 
the  most  improved  and  thoroughly  modern  kind.  The  building  occupied  by  the 
business  is  six  stories  in  height  and  contains  over  fifty  thousand  square  feet  in 
floor  space.  They  carry  the  largest  stock  of  coffee  in  Canada  and  keep  in  stock 
a  sufficient  amount  to  make  fifty  million  cups  of  coffee.  Their  annual  trade 
amounts  to  eleven  hundred  tons  of  coffee  and  their  roasting  capacity  is  one 
thousand  pounds  every  half  an  hour.  This  indicates,  at  least  in  part,  something 
of  the  nature  and  extent  of  the  business  which  under  the  careful  direction  and 
guidance  of  Mr.  Beveridge  has  been  built  up  to  its  present  mammoth  and  grati- 
fying proportions,  showing  Mr.  Beveridge  to  be  a  man  of  splendid  business 
ability.  He  certainly  deserves  much  credit  for  what  he  has  accomplished  and 
his  example  should  serve  to  inspire  and  stimulate  others  to  follow  the  same  hon- 
orable course  that  he  has  pursued. 

In  1884  Mr.  Beveridge  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Agnes  Lis- 
ter, a  daughter  of  George  L.  Lister,  a  carpenter  and  building  contractor  of  Dur- 
ham county,  England.  Their  children  are  George  Lister,  William  Wentworth, 
Helen  Maud,  John  Sydney  and  Minnie.  Mr.  Beveridge  holds  membership  in 
the  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Vancouver 
Board  of  Trade  and  cooperates  heartily  in  its  various  projects  for  the  growth 
and  development  of  the 'city.  In  fact  he  has  taken  an  active  and  helpful  part  in 
many  movements  for  the  benefit  of  Vancouver  and  British  Columbia  and  his 
public-spirited  citizenship  is  never  called  into  question.  He  votes  with  the  liberal 
party  but  has  never  been  very  active  in  politics,  preferring  that  his  labors  should 
be  directed  along  other  lines.  He  is  a  man  of  broad  humanitarian  principles  and 
his  spirit  of  benevolence  has  found  tangible  evidence  many  times.  He  is  chair- 
man of  the  board  of  managers  of  Westminster  Hall  and  at  one  time  was  presi- 


274  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

dent  of  the  Sailors  and  Loggers  Society.  He  was  also  the  first  president  of  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association.  He  is  a  devout  member  and  elder. of  the 
Kitsalano  Presbyterian  church  and  president  of  the  Presbyterian  brotherhood, 
while  he  is  also  a  member  of  the  Presbytery  and  Synod  of  British  Columbia. 
No  good  work  done  in  the  name  of  charity  or  religion  seeks  his  aid  in  vain. 
His  philanthropy  and  his  Christianity  are  as  large  a  part  of  his  daily  life  as  is  his 
business.  He  stands  today  as  a  representative  of  the  merchant  to  whom  com- 
mercial interests  are  but  one  phase  of  life  and  do  not  exclude  his  active  partici- 
pation in  and  support  of  the  other  vital  interests  which  go  to  make  up  human 
existence. 


DAVID  GIBB. 

David  Gibb,  now  living  retired,  was  for  an  extended  period  accounted  one  of 
the  most  prominent  contractors  of  Vancouver  and  British  Columbia.  Early  in 
his  career  he  recognized  the  eternal  truth  that  industry  wins  and  industry  became 
the  beacon  light  of  his  life.  He  was  born  May  15,  1852,  in  Auchinleck,  Ayrshire, 
near  to  the  birthplace  of  the  poet  Burns.  His  parents  were  John  and  Agnes 
Gibb,  the  former  a  contractor  of  Scotland,  and  both  parents  died  in  the  land  of 
hills  and  heather. 

In  the  common  schools  David  Gibb  pursued  his  education,  but  at  an  early 
age  put  aside  his  text-books  because  of  the  necessity  of  providing  for  his  own 
support.  He  started  out  in  business  life  as  a  laborer  on  a  farm  in  Scotland, 
but  was  afterward  apprenticed  to  the  stone-cutting  trade  and  subsequently 
became  a  journeyman  in  that  line  of  labor.  At  length  in  1872  he  left  Scotland 
for  the  United  States  and  became  a  resident  of  Chicago  soon  after  the  great  fire 
which  swept  away  much  of  that  city.  He  was  then  about  twenty  years  of  age. 
He  remained  for  nearly  a  year  in  Chicago,  working  at  his  trade,  after  which  he 
returned  to  his  native  land  and  was  married  in  Scotland  to  Miss  Sarah  Mathieson, 
a  daughter  of  William  and  Sarah  Mathieson,  the  former  a  contractor  of  New 
Cumnock,  Scotland.  The  marriage  was  celebrated  on  the  2/th  of  December,  1872. 

After  the  failure  of  the  Glasgow  Bank  Mr.  Gibb  returned  to  the  United  States 
and  worked  at  his  trade  in  New  York.  In  1885,  attracted  by  the  lure  of  the  north- 
west, he  made  his  way  to  Lethbridge,  Alberta,  Canada,  where  he  began  contract- 
ing on  his  own  account,  erecting  several  of  the  business  blocks  there.  Still  the 
call  of  the  west  sounded  in  his  ears  and  resuming  his  journey  he  traveled  to  the 
coast,  arriving  in  Vancouver  in  1888.  From  the  beginning  of  his  residence  here 
he  has  occupied  a  prominent  position  among  the  leading  contractors  in  Vancouver. 
His  first  work  here  was  for  A.  G.  Ferguson.  Among  the  notable  buildings  for 
which  he  cut  the  stone  are  the  old  post  office,  the  Northern  Crown  Bank,  the 
high  school,  several  of  the  grade  schools,  the  Henry  Birks  building,  the  St.  John's 
church  and  the  Dunsmuir  Hotel.  In  fact  he  has  been  contractor  for  a  large 
percentage  of  the  public  buildings  of  the  city,  and  he  is  now  the  owner  and  pro- 
prietor of  the  Dunsmuir  Hotel.  He  did  not  court  success  in  vain;  on  the  contrary 
fortune  smiled  upon  him  and  he  won  a  place  among  the  prosperous  and  highly 
respected  business  men  of  the  city. 

About  1908  Mr.  Gibb  was  called  upon  to  mourn  the  loss  of  his  first  wife. 
Unto  them  had  been  born  three  daughters  and  a  son :  Sarah,  now  the  wife  of  L. 
Benham,  of  Seattle;  Agnes,  the  wife  of  N.  C.  Wheeling,  of  Vancouver;  Jennie, 
the  wife  of  N.  C.  Kydd,  of  Vancouver;  and  John  W.,  who  married  Miss  Cruick- 
shanks,  of  Vancouver.  For  his  second  wife  Mr.  Gibb  chose  Miss  Lilly  Megrath, 
a  daughter  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Megrath,  the  former  a  contractor  of  Seattle. 
There  is  one  child  of  this  marriage,  Mary  Elizabeth.  The  family  residence, 
which  is  an  attractive  one,  is  at  No.  305  Eleventh  avenue,  West.  The  family 
attend  the  Presbyterian  church  and  in  politics  Mr.  Gibb  is  a  liberal.  He  finds 
pleasure  and  recreation  in  motoring,  and  the  business  position  to  which  he  has 


DAVID  GIBB 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  277 

attained  now  leaves  him  more  leisure  for  those  things  which  are  a  matter  of 
interest  and  enjoyment  to  him.  Diligence  and  determination  gained  him  a  promi- 
nence in  building  and  financial  circles,  and  while  he  was  promoting  his  individual 
interests  he  also  contributed  in  large  measure  to  the  progress  and  prosperity  of 
Vancouver  and  this  part  of  the  province,  manifesting  at  all  times  a  public-spirited 
citizenship. 

JOSEPH    FREDERICK   NOBLE. 

Joseph  Frederick  Noble  is  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Mather  &  Noble,  Ltd., 
conducting  business  as  general  financial  agents  and  real-estate  and  stock  brokers. 
With  a  nature  that  could  never  be  content  with  mediocrity,  he  has  ever  fared 
forth,  never  neglecting  opportunities  and  utilizing  the  advantages  which  have 
been  his  for  the  achievement  of  honorable  success  and  the  attainment  of  prom- 
inence in  his  chosen  field.  He  has  lived  in  Vancouver  since  1903,  and  is  of 
Canadian  birth,  the  place  of  his  nativity  being  Brampton,  Ontario,  and  the  date 
March  18,  1879.  H*3  parents  were  Thomas  and  Janet  (Aitkman)  Noble.  He 
passed  through  consecutive  grades  in  the  grammar  schools  of  Brampton,  attended 
the  high  school  there,  and  later  took  up  the  profession  of  teaching,  which  he  fol- 
lowed for  three  years.  He  then  engaged  in  the  advertising  business  in  Toronto, 
and  in  1903  arrived  in  Vancouver,  where  he  continued  in  the  same  field  of 
activity  under  the  name  of  the  Noble  Advertising  Agency,  Ltd.  In  this  con- 
nection he  conducted  an  extensive  business.  In  1907,  in  association  with  R.  A. 
Mather,  he  formed  the  firm  of  Mather  &  Noble,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  became  vice 
president,  and  so  continues  to  the  present  time.  In  1909  he  disposed  of  his  adver- 
tising business  to  devote  his  entire  attention  to  the  interests  of  the  present 
company.  They  are  general  financial  agents  and  real-estate  and  stock  brokers,, 
and  their  standing  in  this  field  is  among  the  most  prominent.  Knowledge  of 
every  phase  of  the  business,  knowledge  that  is  comprehensive  and  exact,  forms 
the  basis  of  their  success,  and  added  thereto  is  notable  energy,  diligence  and 
perseverance.  At  various  times  and  including  the  present  Mr.  Noble  has  been 
connected  with  other  financial  and  commercial  enterprises. 

In  1903  occurred  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Noble  and  Miss  Annie  Maude  Large,  a 
daughter  of  A.  Large,  who  for  thirty-seven  years  was  postmaster  at  Poole, 
Ontario.  They  have  one  child,  a  son.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Noble  hold  membership 
in  the  Methodist  church  and  he  exercises  the  right  of  franchise'  in  support  of 
men  and  measures  of  the  conservative  party. 


JOHN   DEASE   BELL. 

John  Dease  Bell  represents  the  firm  of  Pemberton  &  Son  as  manager  of  the 
Vancouver  branch  of  their  business.  The  company  is  well  known  as  general 
financial  agents,  specializing  in  first  mortgage  loans,  and  in  this  connection  Mr. 
Bell  has  become  well  known  in  the  financial  circles  of  his  adopted  city.  He  is  of 
Canadian  birth,  a  native  of  Sault  Ste.  Marie,  Ontario,  born  December  8,  1877. 
The  name  Dease  was  given  him  in  honor  of  Peter  Warren  Dease,  the  Arctic 
explorer,  who  was  his  great-grandfather.  His  parents  were  Peter  Warren  Went- 
worth  and  Ellen  Sarah  (Dupont)  Bell.  The  father  was  for  forty-seven  years 
in  the  employ  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  entering  its  service  as  a  boy  with 
Lord  Strathcona,  at  which  time  they  were  stationed  at  Ungava  Bay  on  the 
Labrador  coast.  Gradually  he  advanced  in  that  connection  until  he  became 
chief  factor  and  inspector,  thus  becoming  one  of  the  prominent  representatives 
of  the  company. 


278  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

John  D.  Bell  was  educated  at  Trinity  College  School  at  Port  Hope,  Ontario, 
a  preparatory  school,  and  when  he  made  his  initial  step  in  the  business  world 
became  an  employe  of  the  Canadian  Bank  of  Commerce,  remaining  with  that 
institution  for  about  fifteen  years.  He  was  employed  by  them  at  different 
places  and  in  various  capacities,  remaining  with  the  bank  until  February,  1908, 
when  he  took  charge  of  the  Vancouver  branch  for  the  firm  of  Pemberton  &  Son, 
and  still  remains  in  this  connection.  While  the  firm  conducts  business  as  general 
financial  agents,  they  have  specialized  in  first  mortage  loans.  His  activities  in 
this  direction  have  made  Mr.  Bell  well  known  in  the  business  circles  of  the  city 
and  his  contemporaries  and  colleagues  have  found  him  resourceful,  energetic, 
capable  and  enterprising.  He  is  also  widely  known  as  president  of  the  Ardley 
Land  Company,  Limited,  of  Vancouver. 

On  the  i8th  of  September,  1905,  at  Dawson  City,  Yukon,  Mr.  Bell  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Elsie  MacFarlane,  a  daughter  of  Roderick  and  Mary 
MacFarlane.  Her  father  was  with  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  for  more  than 
forty  years  and  is  the  author  of  a  most  interesting  volume,  entitled  "Through 
the  Mackenzie  Basin."  In  his  politcal  connections  Mr.  Bell  is  a  conservative, 
while  his  social  relations  are  with  the  Western  Club  of  Vancouver.  He  is  well 
known  in  the  city,  where  he  has  gained  an  extensive  circle  of  warm  friends. 


CHARLES  ROBERT  DRAYTON. 

Charles  Robert  Drayton,  recognized  as  one  of  the  foremost  authorities  on  val- 
ues in  British  Columbia,  there  being  no  better  informed  man  on  the  subject  in  the 
province,  is  managing  director  of  the  Vancouver  Financial  Corporation,  Ltd.,  of 
which  he  is  also  one  of  the  founders.  He  was  born  in  Barbados,  West  Indies, 
July  10,  1872,  a  son  of  Philip  Henry  Drayton,  K.  C.,  and  Margaret  (Covernton) 
Drayton.  The  father  was  an  officer  of  the  English  army  but  resigned  his  com- 
mission in  1874  and  came  to  Canada,  settling  in  Toronto,  where  he  took  up  the 
practice  of  law  and  so  continues  to  the  present  time.  He  is  a  king's  counsel,  is  very 
prominent  in  the  profession  and  is  official  arbitrator  for  the  city  of  Toronto.  H.  L. 
Drayton,  K.  C.,  a  brother  of  C.  R.  Drayton,  is  the  present  chairman  of  the  Gov- 
ernment Railway  Managing  Board. 

Charles  R.  Drayton  supplemented  his  preliminary  education,  acquired  in  pri- 
vate schools  of  England,  by  study  in  the  Upper  Canada  College  at  Toronto,  and 
later  entered  the  employ  of  what  afterward  became  the  Canadian  Permanent  Loan 
Company  of  Toronto  in  the  capacity  of  office  boy.  His  rise  with  that  corporation 
was  rapid.  He  was  advanced  through  intermediate  positions  until  he  eventually 
became  western  inspector  and  so  continued  for  twenty  years,  his  position  being 
one  of  large  responsibility  and  importance.  This  work  carried  him  into  all  parts 
of  western  Canada  and  familiarized  him  with  values  in  all  sections  of  the  country. 
The  work  involved  rough  and  arduous  experiences  at  times,  as  in  the  early  days 
transportation  was  primative.  While  the  main  lines  of  the  railroad  had  been  built 
the  work  necessitated  driving  in  a  buggy  almost  every  foot  of  the  country  from 
Toronto  to  the  Pacific  coast.  His  duties  at  length  brought  him  to  Vancouver  in 
1904,  since  which  time  he  has  been  a  resident  of  this  city.  He  continued  with  the 
Canadian  Permanent  Loan  Company  until  1908,  when  desiring  that  his  labors 
should  more  directly  benefit  himself  he  resigned  his  position  and  joined  E.  J. 
Enthoven  in  organizing  the  Vancouver  Financial  Corporation,  Ltd.,  of  which  he 
became  managing  director  and  so  continues.  This  has  become  one  of  the  strong 
moneyed  institutions  of  the  province,  and  its  unassailable  reputation  and  large 
business  interests  are  the  direct  result  of  the  enterprise,  business  management  and 
well  formulated  plans  of  Mr.  Drayton  and  his  partner.  The  beginning  of  the 
business  was  small.  A  little  room  was  secured  and  the  company  started  to  estab- 
lish a  clientage.  Their  worth  as  factors  in  financial  circles  soon  became  recognized, 
the  number  of  their  clients  increased,  and  today  a  large  volume  of  business  is 


CHARLES  R.  DRAYTON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  281 

transacted  in  well  appointed  offices  in  the  London  building.  The  officers  of  the 
company  are:  H.  Abbott,  chairman;  C.  R.  Drayton,  managing  director;  and  E.  J. 
Enthoven,  secretary-treasurer.  Only  five  years  have  passed  since  the  organization 
of  the  Vancouver  Financial  Corporation,  Ltd.,  yet  it  is  capitalized  today  for  two 
hundred  and  ten  thousand  dollars  and  has  a  reserve  of  two  hundred  thousand 
dollars.  Their  connections  in  Scotland  are  extensive  and  they  are  represented 
by  agents  in  both  Glasgow  and  Edinburgh.  They  conduct  a  general  financial 
brokerage  business  and  have  invested  large  sums  for  clients.  They  never  enter 
upon  unwarranted  risks,  their  progressiveness  being  tempered  by  a  safe  conserva- 
tism, yet  their  progress  is  never  blocked  by  undue  fear  or  faltering.  The  company 
also  manages  several  large  business  and  office  buildings  in  Vancouver  and  con- 
ducts an  extensive  fire  and  casualty  insurance  business,  being  general  agents  for 
the  General  Fire  Insurance  Company  of  Perth,  Scotland;  the  Aetna  Insurance 
Company,  of  Hartford,  Connecticut ;  the  General  Accident  Insurance  Company, 
of  Toronto;  and  the  Canadian  Casualty  Boiler  Insurance  Company.  A  valuable 
asset  in  the  management  and  control  of  the  business  has  been  Mr.  Drayton's 
broad  and  accurate  knowledge  of  values,  acquired  in  his  long  experience  as  in- 
spector of  the  Canadian  Permanent  Loan  Company.  Through  this  knowledge 
the  money  of  clients  has  been  wisely  and  safely  invested  and  benefit  has  accrued 
to  clients  and  their  financial  agents.  Mr.  Drayton  is  recognized  as  one  of  the 
foremost  authorities  on  values  in  British  Columbia,  there  being  no  better  in- 
formed man  in  that  line  in  the  province.  He  makes  this  his  especial  feature  of 
the  business  and  is  now  valuator  for  six  leading  life  insurance  companies  of  Can- 
ada and  is  often  called  upon  to  act  for  the  city  of  Vancouver  on  arbitrations  in 
valuations.  Mr.  Drayton  also  has  other  financial  interests,  being  a  director  of  W. 
M.  Harrison  &  Company,  Ltd.,  operating  a  chain  of  drug  stores  in  Vancouver, 
and  chairman  of  the  Utrecht  Canadian  Investment  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver. 
In  politics  Mr.  Drayton  is  independent.  He  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  Club 
and  to  the  Anglican  church,  and  is  interested  in  other  important  features  of  life 
working  for  the  bettering  of  the  individual  or  the  community.  On  the  i8th  of 
June,  1900,  at  Toronto,  he  married  Lydia  Howland,  a  daughter  of  the  late  H.  S. 
Howland,  president  of  the  Imperial  Bank  of  Canada,  and  their  children  are  Henry 
Howland  and  Charles  Hampden.  While  Mr.  Drayton  has  attained  a  most  enviable 
position  in  financial  circles,  the  course  that  he  has  pursued  is  one  which  will  bear 
close  investigation  and  scrutiny.  There  are  no  esoteric  chapters  in  his  life  his- 
tory. Diligence,  determination  and  sound  judgment  have  been  the  salient  factors 
in  his  career,  making  his  an  honored  name  in  financial  circles. 


WILLIAM   JUKES   MARSHALL. 

William  Jukes  Marshall,  senior  partner  in  the  firm  of  Marshall,  Plummer  & 
Company,  civil  engineers  and  contractors,  entered  into  this  relation  in  1911,  and 
in  the  intervening  period  of  two  years  has  built  up  a  business  of  large  and 
gratifying  proportions.  He  was  born  at  St.  Catharines,  Ontario,  February  28, 
1880,  and  is  a  son  of  Paul  Harry  and  Susan  Ann  (Jukes)  Marshall.  In  the 
maternal  line  he  comes  of  a  United  Empire  Loyalist  family  prominent  in 
Canadian  history.  In  1891  the  parents  removed  westward  to  British  Columbia, 
settling  in  Victoria,  where  William  J.  Marshall  pursued  his  education  for  a  time 
in  public  schools  and  also  attended  school  at  Nanaimo.  When  his  text-books  were 
put  aside  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  was  afterward  employed  in  various  capacities 
until  1908,  when  he  became  connected  with  the  contracting  business  as  an  employe 
of  T.  R.  Nickson  &  Company,  with  whom  he  continued  until  1911,  when  he 
entered  into  partnership  with  A.  A.  Plummer  under  the  style  of  Marshall, 
Plummer  &  Company.  This  firm  is  today  a  prominent  one,  having  a  large 
clientage  in  both  civil  engineering  and  contracting.  Thorough  training  and 
broad  experience  have  qualified  these  men  for  the  conduct  of  the  important 

Vol.  Ill—Id 


282  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

interests  entrusted  to  them  and  in  which  connection  they  are  winning  substantial 
success.  They  are  now  clearing  up  one  hundred  and  thirty  acres  for  the 
provincial  government  just  outside  of  the  city  limits  and  are  at  present  dyking 
Nicomen  island  in  the  Fraser  river,  about  a  ninety  thousand  dollar  job.  They 
have  done  macadamizing  at  Port  Grey  and  steam  shovel  excavation  work  and 
concrete  work  for  schools  and  other  public  buildings. 

On  the  loth  of  October,  1911,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Marshall  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Sarah  Davis,  a  daughter  of  the  Rev.  John  Hardwick  and 
Florence  Davis.  Her  father  was  connected  with  several  parishes  in  England, 
and  in  the  early  days  of  the  settlement  of  the  northwest  made  his  way  to 
Victoria,  where  he  officiated  at  the  Victoria  cathedral.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Marshall 
are  also  of  the  Anglican  faith.  The  former  was  at  one  time  identified  with  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  but  is  not  affiliated  therewith  at  this 
writing.  His  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party,  and  as  a 
member  of  the  Vancouver  Board  of  Trade  he  cooperates  in  many  of  its  plans 
and  projects  for  the  public  good. 


CHARLES  HUBERT  WATSON. 

Musical  circles  of  New  Westminster  and  indeed  all'  circles  in  a  city  where 
ability  is  respected  and  integrity  honored  suffered  a  distinct  loss  in  the  death  of 
Charles  Hubert  Watson,  for  three  years  leader  of  the  city  band  and  organist  and 
choirmaster  of  St.  Andrew's  Presbyterian  church.  At  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  at  Honolulu  during  the  Spanish-American  war,  he  was  the  director  of  the 
First  Regiment  band,  and  also  band  master  of  the  Thirteenth  Minnesota  Volun- 
teers, an  organization  which  he  founded  and  which  his  well  timed  and  indefatig- 
able labor  placed  among  the  leading  organizations  of  its  kind  in  the  United  States 
army. 

Mr.  Watson  was  born  in  New  Brunswick,  September  22,  1864,  and  was  a  son 
of  Rev.  A.  A.  and  Jane  Caroline  Watson,  the  former  of  whom  has  passed  away, 
the  latter  now  residing  in  Minneapolis.  Mr.  Watson  spent  his  childhood  and 
acquired  his  education  in  his  native  city  and  during  practically  his  entire  active 
life  was  prominent  in  musical  circles  there,  although  he  resided  in  New  West- 
minster for  a  number  of  years.  Those  years  won  for  him  the  confidence  and 
high  regard  of  all  who  came  within  the  close  circle  of  his  friendship  and  a  place 
of  distinction  and  honor  as  a  musician.  He  was  band  master  of  the  City  Band 
for  three  years,  during  which  time  it  earned  a  professional  reputation  as  a  well 
managed,  well  directed  and  thoroughly  proficient  musical  organization,  and  he 
was  also  organist  and  choirmaster  of  St.  Andrew's  Presbyterian  church.  In 
musical  circles  generally  he  was  prominent  and  popular  and  he  gained  a  wide- 
spread reputation  as  an  able  teacher,  many  of  his  former  pupils  being  today  accom- 
plished musicians.  About  the  year  1894  Mr.  Watson  returned  to  Minneapolis 
and  there  became  quickly  prominent  in  musical  circles,  his  ability  and  energy 
carrying  him  forward  into  important  relations  with  the  musical  life  of  the  com- 
munity. Here  he  organized  the  First  Regiment  Band  and  was  its  director  for 
many  years,  leading  some  of  the  best  musicians  in  western  America.  During  this 
time  also  he  organized  and  became  the  leader  of  Watson's  Orchestra  and  was  for 
one  year  in  charge  of  the  orchestra  of  the  Bijou  Theatre.  His  administrative 
ability  directed  into  musical  channels  brought  him  prominence  and  distinction  as  a 
leader  but  it  was  fully  equaled  by  his  ability  as  a  musician,  for  he  possessed  talent 
that  seemed  destined  to  carry  him  far,  both  as  a  player  and  as  a  composer.  Prac- 
tically every  musical  instrument  was  at  his  command  although  the  violin  and  pipe 
organ  were  his  favorites,  and  his  musical  execution,  which  was  of  a  high  order, 
was  nevertheless  equaled  by  his  talent  as  a  composer.  He  arranged  many  of  the 
numbers  played  by  his  organizations  and  when  he  later  engaged  in  the  musical 
publishing  business  he  exploited  the  Thelma  March  which  enjoyed  a  wide  popu- 


CHARLES   H.   WATSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  285 

larity.  His  most  notable  work  was  in  the  gathering  of  large  miltiary  bands  for 
special  grand  street  work  and  his  executive  and  organizing  ability  was  very  evi- 
dent during  the  Elks'  parade  held  in  Minneapolis  in  1897,  tne  largest  pageant  of 
its  kind  ever  seen  in  that  city. 

When  the  Spanish-American  war  broke  out  and  the  Minneapolis  Battalion 
was  drafted  for  the  expedition  to  Manila,  Mr.  Watson  linked  his  fortunes  with 
those  of  his  regiment  and  proceeded  with  it  to  San  Francisco,  where  the  army 
was  encamped  awaiting  the  arrival  of  the  transports.  Here  his  conspicuous  serv- 
ices were  again  officially  recognized  and  he  was  promoted  to  be  brigade  band- 
master. There  was  some  sickness  in  the  camp  at  that  time  and  it  is  supposed  that 
during  this  period  Mr.  Watson  contracted  typhoid  fever  which  only  developed 
after  the  troops  had  sailed  for  the  Philippines.  Upon  their  arrival  at  Honolulu 
he  was  so  ill  that  it  was  impossible  to  take  him  to  the  end  of  the  journey  and 
he  was  accordingly  left  on  the  island  under  the  charge  of  competent  nurses.  His 
health  did  not  improve,  however,  and  on  July  20,  1898,  death  claimed  him,  cut- 
ting short  a  promising  career. 

Mr.  Watson  married  on  April  16,  1890.  Miss  Margaret  Eva  Campbell,  a 
daughter  of  John  and  Mary  Campbell,  and  they  became  the  parents  of  two  chil- 
dren, Marguerite  Elizabeth  and  Campbell  Hubert  Allan.  The  family  now  reside 
at  No.  427  Fourth  street,  New  Westminster,  and  are  well  known  in  social  circles 
of  that  city. 

Mr.  Watson  had  many  friends  in  New  Westminster  and  in  other  parts  of  this 
province,  all  of  whom  deeply  mourned  the  sudden  termination  of  an  active,  suc- 
cessful and  unusually  promising  career.  Mr.  Watson  has  also  been  sadly  missed 
in  musical  circles  of  Minneapolis,  where  his  work  and  enthusiasm  had  given  a 
new  impetus  to  musical  advancement  and  where  his  contributions  to  musical 
development  were  timely  and  notable. 


JOHN  McLFOD. 

Many  are  drawn  into  real-estate  circles  because  of  the  rapid  and  substantial 
growth  of  Vancouver,  and  indeed  this  is  an  excellent  field  for  activity  along 
that  line.  Not  all  realize,  however,  that  industry,  perseverance,  capability  and 
initiative  are  just  as  important  to  the  real-estate  dealer  as  to  the  merchant  or 
manufacturer.  Mr.  McLeod,  however,  has  employed  the  qualities  mentioned 
and  since  1909  has  been  conducting  a  successful  and  growing  business  as 
president  and  managing  director  of  the  John  McLeod  Company,  Ltd.  He  was 
born  in  Glengarry,  Ontario,  August  13,  1870,  a  son  of  Murdock  and  Bella 
(Stewart)  McLeod,  well  known  farming  people  of  that  neighborhood.  In  the 
public  schools  of  Glengarry  county  the  son  acquired  his  education,  and  taking 
up  the  study  of  telegraphy  became  an  operator  for  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  at 
Bright,  Ontario,  where  he  remained  for  four  years.  He  afterward  spent 
several  years  as  a  relieving  operator,  and  in  1897  came  to  Vancouver,  where 
he  was  employed  for  a  time  in  the  building  trade.  In  1905  he  started  in  the 
real-estate  business,  with  which  he  has  now  been  associated  for  eight  years. 
The  present  John  McLeod  Company,  Ltd.,  was  organized  in  1909  and  Mr. 
McLeod  has  since  been  in  control  of  its  affairs  as  president  and  managing  director. 
He  has  made  a  close  study  of  the  property  upon  the  market,  has  displayed  sound 
judgment  in  anticipating  the  possible  rise  or  diminution  of  values,  and  has  so 
conducted  his  affairs  as  to  win  substantial  return. 

On  the  25th  of  March,  1910,  at  Seattle,  Washington,  Mr.  McLeod  was 
married  to  Miss  Margaret  Williamson  McAdie,  of  Nanaimo,  British  Columbia,  a 
daughter  of  Henry  and  Margaret  McAdie.  Her  parents  were  pioneers  of  this 
province,  coming  here  on  their  wedding  journey  and  settling  in  Nanaimo,  where 
they  have  since  resided. 


286  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Mr.  McLeod  is  a  supporter  of  the  liberal  party  but  is  not  active  in  politics. 
He  is  prominent  in  Masonic  circles,  holding  membership  in  Acacia  Lodge, 
F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver ;  in  the  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  Preceptory  and  in  Gizeh 
Temple  of  the  Mystic  Shrine.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Terminal  City  Club,  and  the 
rules  and  principles  which  govern  his  conduct  are  largely  found  in  the  teachings 
of  the  Presbyterian  church,  of  which  he  is  a  member. 


HARRY   JOHN    PAINTER. 

Harry  John  Painter  is  assessment  commissioner  of  Vancouver  and  has  for 
many  years  been  active  in  civic  affairs.  Moreover,  he  is  one  of  the  pioneers  of 
British  Columbia,  having  taken  up  his  abode  in  Vancouver  in  the  year  in  which  its 
present  name  was  adopted.  He  was  born  in  Hanley,  Staffordshire,  England, 
June  14,  1856,  and  is  a  son  of  Frederick  Charles  and  Emily  (Marriner)  Painter. 
The  father  was  for  many  years  connected  with  the  pottery  business  in  England, 
having  for  a  long  period  been  traveling  representative  for  W.  T.  Copeland  & 
Sons,  of  Stoke-on-Trent,  while  later  he  was  connected  with  the  Coalport  China 
Works  in  Shropshire,  England,  for  many  years.  His  travels  in  connection  with 
business  took  him  all  over  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,  and  in  the  years  of  his 
service  on  the  road  he  became  widely  known,  being  a  familiar  figure  in  many 
cities  and  having  legions  of  friends  wherever  he  went.  He  possessed  the  genial, 
social  qualities  which  win  high  regard,  and  all  who  knew  him  spoke  of  him  in 
terms  of  great  respect. 

Harry  John  Painter  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  Bridgeworth,  Shropshire, 
England,  after  which  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  firm  of  I.  &  T.  Dimmock  & 
Company,  a  large  timber  and  lumber  concern.  He  became  a  timber  valuator  for 
that  house  and  the  work  took  him  to  various  sections  of  Great  Britain.  He 
severed  that  connection  in  February,  1881,  and  in  April  of  the  same  year  he  came 
to  Canada,  going  first  to  Winnipeg,  which  was  then  the  western  terminus  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway.  He  remained  in  Winnipeg  for  a  year,  variously 
employed,  and  in  that  time  was  looking  out  for  a  permanent  location.  He  also 
attended  night  school  at  Winnipeg,  entering  a  business  college,  in  which  he 
acquitted  himself  with  honors.  In  the  spring  of  1882  he  made  his  way  to  the 
Northwest  Territory  and  settled  at  Broadview,  Assiniboia,  where  he  engaged  in 
farming.  He  was  also  land  agent  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  and  likewise 
served  as  first  postmaster  of  Broadview,  while  in  connection  with  a  partner  he 
conducted  a  general  store.  During  that  time  he  served  on  the  jury  in  the  trial  of 
the  case  of  the  Queen  versus  Louis  Riel,  who  was  arrested  for  high  treason, 
having  been  the  instigator  and  the  leader  of  the  famous  Riel  rebellion.  He  was 
the  first  member  of  the  jury  sworn  at  that  trial,  which  took  place  at  Regina, 
Assiniboia,  in  1885. 

In  November,  1886,  Mr.  Painter  arrived  in  British  Columbia,  settling  at 
Vancouver,  where  he  became  connected  with  the  building  department  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railroad,  and  so  remained  until  March,  1888.  He  was  after- 
ward with  the  land  department  of  the  road  until  October,  1899,  when  he  went  into 
business  on  his  own  account  as  a  real-estate  and  general  financial  broker  in  Van- 
couver, becoming  senior  partner  of  the  firm  of  Painter  &  Turton.  He  was  thus 
engaged  until  1903,  when,  having  been  appointed  to  the  provincial  assessment 
office  of  British  Columbia,  he  retired  from  the  real-estate  business  to  give  his 
undivided  attention  to  his  new  duties,  which  he  assumed  on  the  1st  of  January, 
1903.  He  continued  in  that  position  until  March,  1907,  when  he  was  appointed 
assessment  commissioner  of  the  city  of  Vancouver,  and  so  remains  to  the  present 
time.  His  long  continuance  in  these  offices  speaks  in  incontrovertible  terms  of  his 
ability  and  fidelity.  In  politics  Mr.  Painter  has  always  been  known  as  a  stalwart 
conservative.  He  has  taken  an  active  part  in  civic  affairs  in  Vancouver,  and 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  287 

for  three  consecutive  terms — 1896,  1897  and  1898 — was  alderman  of  the  city,  and 
was  again  elected  for  the  year  1901. 

While  residing  in  England  Mr.  Painter  served  for  a  number  of  years  with 
the  Queen's  Own  Staffordshire  Rangers,  being  sergeant  of  that  command  when  he 
retired  from  the  service  preparatory  to  coming  to  Canada  in  1881.  He  was 
highly  complimented  when  he  passed  the  examination  for  sergeant,  the  examining 
board  stating  that  few,  if  any,  in  any  branch  of  the  service  showed  as  thorough  a 
knowledge  of  military  affairs,  tactics,  etc. 

On  the  29th  of  August,  1883,  at  Whitewood,  Assiniboia,  Mr.  Painter  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Annie  M.  Petchell,  of  Aldborough,  England,  a 
daughter  of  Edward  Petchell,  an  extensive  farmer  of  Yorkshire,  England,  who, 
after  crossing  the  Atlantic  to  Canada  in  1883,  began  farming  at  Broadview,  where 
he  remained  until  1894,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia  to  live  with  his 
daughter  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1907. 

Unto  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Painter  were  born  eight  children,  seven  sons  and  a 
daughter,  all  of  whom  are  living  with  the  exception  of  the  second  son,  Frederick 
Charles,  who  passed  away  in  November,  1912.  He  was  a  fine  young  man  in  per- 
son, in  talents  and  in  character,  was  an  athlete  of  ability,  possessed  a  legion  of 
friends,  and  his  death  was  a  sad  blow  to  his  parents.  The  living  children  are: 
Emily,  a  teacher  at  Alexandra  Orphanage  School  at  Vancouver ;  Edward  Petchell, 
a  naval  architect  of  Vancouver ;  Harry  John,  a  railway  mail  clerk  and  a  member 
of  the  Vancouver  Athletic  Club  lacross  team,  the  champion  amateur  lacrosse  team 
of  the  world ;  Robert,  a  mechanical  engineer  in  the  employ  of  the  Vancouver 
Engineering  Works;  Cornelius  Stamford,  now  attending  the  Vancouver  Business 
Institute ;  Joe,  an  employe  of  the  British  Columbia  Telephone  Company ;  and 
Frank  Midforth,  at  school  in  Vancouver.  The  family  attend  the  Anglican  church, 
in  which  Mr.  Painter  holds  membership.  He  is  also  connected  with  the  Ancient 
Order  of  United  Workmen.  He  is  perhaps  best  known  through  his  official  con- 
nections, but  in  every  relation  of  life  has  commanded  the  warm  regard  of  those 
with  whom  he  has  been  associated.  His  public  record  is  most  commendable,  and 
in  all  his  service  he  has  been  actuated  by  a  loyalty  to  the  general  welfare  that 
none  questions. 


LEON  JOHNSON  LADNER. 

Among  the  younger  and  more  prominent  members  of  the  bar  of  Vancouver, 
British  Columbia,  is  Leon  Johnson  Ladner,  who  in  two  years  has  built  up  an  im- 
portant private  practice  which  connects  him  with  some  of  the  foremost  interests  of 
the  city.  A  native  of  this  province,  he  was  born  on  November  29,  1884,  and  is  a 
son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Thomas  E.  Ladner,  of  whom  more  extended  mention  is  made 
in  another  part  of  this  work.  He  received  his  education  in  the  public  and  high 
schools  of  New  Westminster  and  the  University  of  Toronto,  from  which  he  grad- 
uated with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  and  with  honors  in  political  science  in  1907.  Two 
years  later  he  took  the  degree  of  LL.  B.  from  the  same  university  and  then  studied 
law  under  Sir  Charles  Hibbert  Tupper,  K.  C.  Mr.  Ladner  was  called  to  the  bar  of 
British  Columbia  in  July,  1910,  after  which  he  spent  one  year  abroad,  traveling 
throughout  various  parts  of  Europe,  during  which  time  he  supplemented  his  course 
in  economics  by  gathering  data  on  various  forms  of  taxation  and  government. 
Returning  to  Vancouver  in  the  fall  of  1911  he  engaged  in  practice  alone  for  a 
short  time  and  then  entered  into  a  partnership  with  W.  A.  Cantelon,  under  the 
firm  name  of  Ladner  &  Cantelon.  They  engage  in  general  practice  and  have 
become  recognized  as  young  men  of  more  than  ordinary  ability,  gifted  with  a  right 
understanding  of  the  law  and  able  and  thorough  in  their  preparation  of  any  cause 
entrusted  to  their  care.  Mr.  Ladner  is  also  connected  with  his  brother-in-law, 
Lantzius,  formerly  a  manufacturer  of  northern  France,  in  the  wholesale  im- 


288  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

porting  business  with  offices  in  the  Fairfield  building.  Moreover,  he  is  a  director 
in  the  Ladner  Investment  &  Trust  Company,  Ltd. 

In  the  beautiful  city  of  Nice,  France,  on  his  first  European  tour,  Mr.  Ladner 
met  Miss  Jeanne  Lantzius,  a  resident  of  Lille,  who  was  spending  the  winter  on 
the  Riviera.  In  April,  1912,  Mr.  Ladner  returned  to  France  for  the  young  lady 
and  they  were  married  in  Brussels,  Belgium.  Mrs.  Ladner  is  a  daughter  of  Emile 
and  Helene  Lantzius,  both  natives  of  France,  her  father  being  a  well  known  manu- 
facturer of  Lille. 

In  his  political  affiliations  Mr.  Ladner  is  a  conservative  and  has  always  taken 
an  active  interest  in  the  welfare  of  his  party.  He  is  a  public  speaker  and  is  often 
called  upon  to  defend  the  cause  during  campaigns.  However,  he  is  not  an  office 
seeker.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia.  Progressive 
and  aggressive,  Mr.  Lander  is  typical  of  the  west,  all  of  his  actions  being  per- 
meated with  energy  and  ambition.  He  is  genial,  pleasant-mannered  and  open- 
hearted,  and  readily  supports  any  enterprise  instituted  to  promote  advancement 
along  material  or  intellectual  lines.  As  a  lawyer  he  has  already  attained  a  good 
position,  being  capable,  honest  and  conscientious.  Mr.  Ladner  has  every  occasion 
to  exhibit  the  faculties  which  a  lawyer  should  possess — skill,  ability  and  force  in 
the  presentation  of  a  case.  He  is  a  good  judge  of  human  nature  and  character 
and  last,  but  not  least,  possesses  untiring  industry. 


CHARLES  EDWARD  DOHERTY,  M.  D. 

Specialization  in  the  present  age  has  promoted  knowledge  to  a  point  largely 
approaching  perfection.  In  all  of  the  professions  there  are  men  who  are  giving 
their  attention  to  certain  departments  thereof  with  the  result  that  they  attain 
skill  and  efficiency  which  could  never  be  acquired  were  they  to  continue  in  the 
general  professional  lines.  In  this  connection  mention  should  be  made  of  Charles 
Edward  Doherty,  today  eminent  in  a  field  of  practice  in  the  treatment  of  mental 
.and  nervous  diseases.  In  1905  he  became  medical  superintendent  of  the  Provin- 
cial Hospital  for  the  Insane  at  Coquitlam.  Since  called  to  this  position  he  has 
introduced  many  new  and  novel  methods  for  the  care  of  the  mentally  deranged 
which  are  proving  of  notable  worth  in  the  restoration  of  normal  conditions,  while 
Dr.  Doherty  has  become  widely  recognized  as  a  most  serviceable  factor  in  the 
•world's  work. 

A  native  of  Peel  county,  Ontario,  he  was  born  November  28,  1873,  of  the 
marriage  of  William  F.  and  Mary  Anne  Doherty.  The  father  was  a  pioneer 
settler  of  Peel  county  and  became  one  of  the  most  successful  farmers  there.  He 
was  particularly  noted  as  a  raiser  and  exporter  of  stock  and  at  the  time  of  his 
•death  in  1907  was  one  of  the  largest  property  holders  in  Peel  county.  His  wife 
survived  him  for  several  years,  passing  away  in  January,  1913. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Peel  county  Dr.  Doherty  mastered  the  elementary 
branches  of  learning  and  later  attended  the  Toronto  Collegiate  Institute,  Trinity 
University  and  Trinity  Medical  College.  From  the  university,  in  1899,  he  received 
the  degrees  of  M.  D.  and  C.  M.,  and  from  the  medical  college  that  of  F.  T.  M.  C. 
Throughout  the  years  of  his  active  connection  with  the  profession  he  has  been 
engaged  in  hospital  practice.  Following  his  graduation  he  was  appointed  medical 
superintendent  of  the  Kootenay  Lake  General  Hospital  in  1899  and  there  re- 
mained until  1902,  when  he  was  appointed  assistant  medical  superintendent  of  the 
Provincial  Hospital  for  the  Insane  at  Coquitlam,  acting  in  that  capacity  for  three 
years  or  until  1905,  when  he  became  medical  superintendent.  Speaking  of  a 
recent  visit  to  the  institution,  Dr.  Wesbrook,  president  of  the  new  provincial 
university,  said:  "I  was  delighted  with  all  I  saw;"  and  after  eulogizing  certain 
features  of  the  institution  as  conducted  under  Dr.  Doherty's  supervision,  he 
pointed  out  that  the  agricultural  work  carried  on  at  the  hospital  farm  will  render 
it  a  valuable  adjunct  to  the  university  when  the  classes  in  practical  agriculture 


DR.  CHARLES  E.  DOHERTY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  291 

are  opened.  In  speaking  of  the  system  of  classification  of  patients  introduced 
by  Dr.  Doherty,  President  Wesbrook  said  that  it  was  ahead  of  anything  on  the 
American  continent  and  that  the  institution  promised  to  give  results  in  the  treat- 
ment of  the  mentally  afflicted  that  would  surprise  the  world. 

In  1905  Dr.  Doherty  was  married  to  Miss  Elweena  Martin,  a  native  of  Brit- 
ish Columbia  and  a  daughter  of  S.  B.  Martin,  one  of  the  provincial  pioneers. 
They  have  three  children,  two  sons  and  a  daughter.  Dr.  Doherty  has  never  dissi- 
pated his  energies  over  various  fields  of  labor  but  has  ever  concentrated  his 
efforts  upon  his  profession  and  today  occupies  a  notable  place  among  the  emi- 
nent specialists  on  mental  diseases  in  the  country.  His  broad  study  has  made 
him  familiar  with  the  methods  followed  in  leading  Canadian  and  American  insti- 
tutions and  also  abroad,  and  practical  knowledge  and  experience  have  enabled 
him  to  institute  new  plans  the  beneficial  results  of  which  have  been  directly  observ- 
able. Humanity  and  science  constitute  the  basis  for  his  labors  in  this  connec- 
tion, and  when  we  judge  of  the  individual  according  to  the  standards  of  a  mod- 
ern philosopher  who  has  said :  "Not  the  good  that  comes  to  us,  but  the  good  that 
comes  to  the  world  through  us,  is  the  measure  of  our  success,"  then  the  life  work 
of  Dr.  Doherty  may  be  said  to  be  most  successful. 


JAMES  EDWARD  McMULLEN. 

James  Edward  McMullen,  solicitor  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  at  Van- 
couver, was  born  in  Woodstock,  Ontario,  June  20,  1872,  his  parents  being  the 
Rev.  W.  T.  and  Susanna  (Gilbert)  McMullen,  who  were  representatives  of 
Ontario  pioneer  families.  The  son  was  a  pupil  in  the  public  and  high  schools 
of  Woodstock  and  afterward  entered  Osgoode  Hall  at  Toronto,  Ontario,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  with  the  class  of  1896.  Having  carefully  prepared  for 
the  practice  of  law,  he  was  called  to  the  Ontario  bar  in  that  year  and  opened  a 
law  office  at  Gait,  Ontario,  where  he  remained  until  1898.  He  then  joined  the 
staff  of  the  legal  department  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  at  Montreal,  and 
remained  there  until  1906,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver  to  take  charge  of  that 
company's  legal  business  in  British  Columbia. 

At  Toronto,  Ontario,  on  the  3d  of  January,  1906,  Mr.  McMullen  married 
Miss  Naomi  Temple,  a  daughter  of  Edmund  B.  Temple.  Mr.  Temple  was  govern- 
ment engineer  for  a  number  of  years  at  Toronto  Harbor  and  later  had  charge  of 
the  harbors  at  Fort  William  and  Port  Arthur,  Ontario.  Unto  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mc- 
Mullen have  been  born  two  sons  and  a  daughter,  Edmund  Temple,  Naomi  Temple 
and  James  Temple.  Mr.  McMullen  is  a  Presbyterian.  In  politics  he  is  a  liberal. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Club  of  Vancouver  and  the  Union  Club  of 
Victoria. 


ROBERT  MACKAY  FRIPP. 

Robert  Mackay  Fripp,  architect,  whose  reputation  and  renown  are  based  upon 
his  artistic  nature,  thorough  training  and  well  developed  powers,  was  born  in 
Clifton,  England,  December  16,  1858,  his  parents  being  George  Arthur  and  Mary 
Fripp.  George  Arthur  Fripp,  R.  W.  S.,  was  at  one  time  court  painter  to  Prince 
Albert  and  Queen  Victoria. 

Robert  M.  Fripp  was  educated  at  Belsize  Manor,  a  private  school,  and  under 
private  tutorship.  In  1874  he  began  the  study  of  architecture  in  London  and  ten 
years  later  entered  upon  the  active  practice  of  his  profession  in  Auckland,  New 
Zealand,  where  he  remained  for  about  four  years.  In  1888  he  came  to  Vancouver, 
where  he  has  since  practiced  his  profession,  but  prior  to  that  time  he  had  traveled 
to  a  considerable  extent,  studying  widely  in  connection  with  his  business.  Be- 


292  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

ginning  in  1878  he  spent  about  a  year  in  travel  in  South  Africa,  another  year  in 
eastern  Asia,  the  third  year  in  Europe,  and  from  1881  until  1884  he  was  in  Tas- 
mania and  Australia.  He  then  began  practice  in  Auckland,  New  Zealand,  remain- 
ing there  from  1884  to  1888,  when  he  came  to  the  northwest.  Since  that  time  he 
has  lectured  to  some  extent  at  Chautauquas,  art  clubs,  arts  and  crafts  societies  and 
before  other  organizations,  delivering  a  course  of  lectures  on  art  and  archaeology 
and  architectural  ornament.  His  wide  reading,  his  broad  experience  and  his  deep 
research  have  enabled  him  to  speak  not  only  entertainingly  but  also  with  authority 
upon  questions  relating  to  architecture  in  any  of  its  various  phases  or  with  refer- 
ence to  its  history.  He  was  again  in  New  Zealand  from  1896  until  1898  and  in  the 
latter  year  returned  to  British  Columbia.  From  1901  until  1908  he  was  in 
England  and  California  and  was  made  a  certificated  architect  (L.  A.  C.)  in  1906. 
In  1908  he  returned  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  engaged  in  practice,  and  in 
1910  he  was  made  a  fellow  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Arts.  He  became  also  a  fellow 
of  the  Royal  Institute  of  British  Architects  in  1901  but  afterward  resigned.  He 
is  the  author  of  essays  on  Arts  and  Crafts,  the  Maori  Art  and  others,  and  his  writ- 
ings are  of  deep  interest  to  all  who  have  had  technical  training  along  those  lines 
or  who  have  an  artistic  sense  that  finds  gratification  in  carrying  on  investigation 
of  that  character. 

On  the  27th  of  February,  1887,  at  Auckland,  New  Zealand,  Mr.  Fripp  was 
united  in  marriage  to  M,iss  Christina  Nichol,  a  daughter  of  John  W.  and  Annie 
Nichol.  Her  father,  late  of  Jesmond,  near  Newcastle,  England,  was  a  representa- 
tive of  an  old  English  family.  Unto  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fripp  have  been  born  four 
children,  George  Mackay,  Clifford  Russell,  Alice  and  Dorothea. 

Mr.  Fripp  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  First  Berkshire  Volunteers. 
In  South  Africa  he  joined  the  mounted  infantry,  with  which  he  was  connected  for 
eighteen  months,  and  he  was  also  a  member  of  the  New  Zealand  Garrison  Artillery 
and  later  of  the  New  Zealand  Mounted  Infantry.  While  in  that  country  he 
became  a  member  of  New  Zealand  Lodge,  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  his  religious  faith  is 
that  of  the  Anglican  church.  That  he  is  interested  in  municipal  affairs  and  in  those 
things  which  are  a  matter  of  civic  virtue  and  civic  pride  is  indicated  in  the  fact 
that  he  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  City  Beautiful  Association  and  a  vice 
president  of  the  Arts,  Historical  and  Scientific  Association;  also  a  member  of 
the  board  of  the  Canadian  Club,  and  more  strictly  along  professional  lines  he  is 
connected  with  the  Pylon  Architectural  Club  of  Vancouver  and  the  Canadian 
Handicrafts  Guild  of  Vancouver,  being  president  of  the  former  and  vice  president 
of  the  latter.  Actuated  at  all  times  by  a  spirit  of  progress,  he  could  never  con- 
tent himself  with  mediocrity  along  professional  lines  and  has  gained  that  broad 
knowledge  and  well  merited  reputation  which  come  through  wide  study  and  highly 
developed  powers. 


THOMAS  JOSEPH  ARMSTRONG. 

The  fact  that  Thomas  Joseph  Armstrong  has  held  the  important  office  of 
sheriff  of  Westminster  county  for  twenty  years  speaks  for  itself  and  stands  as 
evidence  of  his  ability,  faithfulness  to  duty  and  his  sense  of  honor  as  a  public 
servant.  A  native  of  New  Westminster,  he  has  made  a  record  which  is  a  credit 
to  himself  and  reflects  honor  upon  his  community.  His  public  career  began  in 
1886,  when  he  became  deputy  to  his  distinguished  father,  who  was  then  sheriff, 
and  he  has  since  continued  in  the  public  service.  He  is  one  of  the  most  popular 
officials  in  Westminster  county  and  enjoys  the  confidence  and  good- will  of  all 
who  know  him.  Born  in  1864,  he  is  a  son  of  the  Hon.  William  J.  and  Honor  C. 
(Ladner)  Armstrong,  an  extended  biography  of  whom  appears  in  another  part 
of  this  work. 

Thomas  J.  Armstrong  acquired  his  education  in  the  common  and  high 
schools  of  New  Westminster,  continuing  his  studies  to  his  eighteenth  year,  in 


THOMAS   J.  ARMSTRONG 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  295 

which  he  became  a  clerk  in  a  book  and  stationery  store  in  his  .native  city.  He 
subsequently  removed  to  San  Francisco,  California,  where  he  learned  the  drug 
business  and  upon  his  return,  to  British  Columbia,  in  1885,  engaged  in  that  line 
in  partnership  with  F.  H.  Coulter  in  New  Westminster,  but  in  the  following  year 
disposed  of  his  interests  to  D.  S.  Curtis  and  in  May,  1886,  began  his  public 
career.  At  that  time  he  became  deputy  to  his  father,  who  was  then  sheriff  of 
Westminster  county,  and  continued  as  such  until  September  17,  1892,  on  which 
date  he  was  appointed  acting  sheriff.  When  the  act  of  parliament  dividing 
Westminster  and  Vancouver  counties  went  into  effect  on  October  27,  1892,  he 
received  the  appointment  of  acting  sheriff,  of  the  latter  county  as  well,  serving' for 
both  counties  until  July  25,  1893,  on  which  date  he  was  commissioned  sheriff  of 
Westminster  county,  in  which  office  he  has  since  so  ably  served.  The  work 
he  has  done  for  the  past  twenty  years  in  his  official  capacity  deserves  the 
highest  commendation,  and  through  his  efforts  he  has  largely  succeeded  in 
stamping  out  lawlessness  and  controlling  the  criminal  element.  In  August,  1901, 
Mr.  Armstrong  was  also  appointed  issuer  of  marriage  licenses,  which  is  still 
part  of  his  official  duties. 

In  1888  Thomas  J.  Armstrong  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Annie  Kerr, 
a  native  of  Ingersoll,  Ontario,  and  a  daughter  of  Daniel  Kerr,  a  pioneer  carriage 
manufacturer  of  that  city.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Armstrong  are  the  parents  of  one 
daughter,  Nora  Marguerite.  Prominent  in  fraternal  circles,  Mr.  Armstrong 
served  as  deputy  grand  master  of  the  Masonic  grand  lodge  of  British  Columbia 
and  in  June,  1905,  was  elected  grand  master  of  the  grand  lodge  of  the  province, 
the  election  being  held  in  New  Westminster.  He  also  is  a  member  of  the  West- 
minster Club.  Faithful  to  his  duties  and  loyal  to  his  country,  Mr.  Armstrong 
gives  a  leading  example  of  what  constitutes  right-minded  citizenship  and  receives 
the  confidence  and  good-will  of  all  with  whom  he  comes  in  contact  in  an 
official  or  social  way. 

CHARLES   H.   CARNWATH. 

Charles  H.  Carnwath,  organizer  and  managing  director  of  the  False  Creek 
Lumber  Company,  has  been  connected  with  the  business  since  1906  and  in  its 
conduct  has  proven  his  worth  and  executive  force.  Vancouver  has  thus  come  to 
recognize  him  as  an  energetic  and  self-made  man,  for  he  owes  his  progress  en- 
tirely to  his  own  labors.  He  was  born  in  Riverside,  Albert  county,  New  Bruns- 
wick, in  1867,  his  parents  being  James  and  Rosa  (Kyle)  Carnwath,  both  of  whom 
were  natives  of  Ireland,  in  which  country  they  were  reared  and  married.  Soon 
afterward  they  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  New  Brunswick  and  settled  at  Riverside, 
where  for  a  few  years  the  father  engaged  in  teaching  in  the  public  schools.  Later 
he  became  a  general  merchant  in  that  town  and  there  they  spent  the  remainder 
of  their  lives. 

Charles  H.  Carnwath  attended  public  and  normal  schools  at  Riverside  and  was 
also  a  teacher  in  the  country  schools  for  one  year.  But  the  west  with  its  widen- 
ing possibilities  attracted  him  and  in  1888  he  came  to  Vancouver  which  was  still 
but  a  village  at  that  time.  He  was  first  employed  in  connection  with  the  Leamy 
&  Kyle  mill,  in  the  early  days  known  as  the  Red  mill.  This  was  the  second  mill 
built  on  False  Creek.  He  worked  there  for  seven  and  one-half  years  in  the 
capacity  of  shipper  and  afterward  became  connected  with  the  Royal  City  mill, 
which  was  the  first  built  on  the  creek.  He  represented  that  business  as  shipper 
for  one  year  and  later  engaged  as  shipper  in  the  Robertson  &  Hackett  mill,  with 
which  he  was  connected  for  five  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  re- 
turned to  the  Leamy  &  Kyle  mill.  In  the  meantime  the  business  had  been  reor- 
ganized under  the  name  of  the  Vancouver  Lumber  Company  and  Mr.  Carnwath 
continued  there  as  shipper  until  1906,  when,  ambitious  to  engage  in  business  on  his 
own  account,  he  utilized  his  earnings  in  the  establishment  of  a  business  of  his  own, 


296  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

organizing  the  False  Creek  Lumber  Company,  of  which  he  is  the  managing  direc- 
tor. They  mill  all  kinds  of  native  lumber,  with  an  output  of  seventy  thousand 
feet  of  finished  lumber  per  day,  and  the  magnitude  of  the  enterprise  is  furthermore 
indicated  in  the  fact  that  they  employ  on  an  average  of  one  hundred  and  thirty 
men  and  ship  to  all  parts  of  Canada  west  of  the  maritime  provinces.  The  business 
has,  been  developed  largely  through  the  enterprise  and  capability  of  Mr.  Carnwath, 
who  is  familiar  with  all  branches  of  the  lumber  industry  and  whose  sound  judg- 
ment and  unfaltering  activity  have  constituted  the  basis  of  this  successful 
undertaking. 

In  Vancouver,  on  the  2$d  of  May,  1895,  Mr.  Carnwath  was  married  to  Miss 
Phoebe  Stewart,  a  daughter  of  D.  M.  Stewart,  a  well  known  pioneer  of  Vancouver. 
They  have  three  children,  Irene  Hamilton,  Charlotte  Feme  and  Velma  Stewart 
Mr.  Carnwath  votes  with  the  liberal  party.  He  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the 
Mount  Pleasant  Presbyterian  church,  in  the  work  of  which  they  are  actively  and 
helpfully  interested.  Mr.  Carnwath  deserves  much  credit  for  what  he  has  accom- 
plished in  a  business  way  and  his  example  should  serve  as  a  source  of  inspiration 
and  encouragement  to  young  men  who  start  out  as  he  did,  practically  empty- 
handed,  but  to  whom  the  path  of  opportunity  is  ever  open. 


FRANCIS  WILLIAM  ROUNSEFELL. 

The  history  of  a  country  is  no  longer  the  record  of  wars  and  conquests  but 
of  business  activity  and  enterprise,  the  conquest  being  no  longer  that  of  man 
over  man  but  of  mind  over  matter.  Francis  William  Rounsefell  is  one  who 
through  his  intelligently  directed  efforts  has  worked  his  way  continuously 
upward  and  is  now  managing  director  of  Ceperley,  Rounsefell  &  Company, 
Limited,  insurance,  loaning  and  financial  agents.  He  was  born  in  Wolf- 
ville,  Nova  Scotia,  February  19,  1868,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Margaret 
(DeWolf )  Rounsefell.  The  father,  a  native  of  Cornwall,  England,  is  now  living 
at  Chilliwack,  British  Columbia.  The  mother  was  descended  from  United 
Empire  Loyalist  stock  and  belonged  to  the  DeWolf  family  in  whose  honor  the 
town  of  Wolfville,  Nova  Scotia,  was  named. 

Francis  W.  Rounsefell  pursued  his  education  in  the  schools  of  England  and 
since  1882  has  been  identified  with  the  west,  having  in  that  year  removed  to 
Brandon,  Manitoba,  where  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Merchants  Bank,  with 
which  he  continued  for  a  number  of  years.  In  February,  1888,  he  came  to 
Vancouver  and  was  employed  for  a  few  years  by  the  firm  of  Ross  &  Ceperley, 
with  whom  he  continued  after  the  incorporation  of  their  insurance  and  loan 
business  under  the  name  of  the  Vancouver  Loan  Trust  Savings  &  Guarantee 
Company,  Limited.  The  concern  was  later  changed  to  Ceperley,  Loewen  & 
Campbell,  Limited,  and  Mr.  Rounsefell,  becoming  financially  interested  in  the 
business,  was  elected  secretary.  When  the  present  corporation  of  Ceperley, 
Rousefell  &  Company,  Limited,  was  formed  he  was  elected  managing  director, 
which  position  he  still  fills.  In  1910  Mr.  Ceperley,  retired  from  active  participa- 
tion in  the  business  but  is  still  president.  Active  control  and  management  largely 
devolve  upon  Mr.  Rounsefell,  who  is  a  prominent  representative  of  financial  and 
insurance  interests  here,  the  firm  controlling  an  extensive  business,  their  clientage 
having  increased  year  by  year  since  the  organization  of  the  original  company. 
Mr.  Rounsefell  is  also  a  director  of  the  Vancouver  Milling  &  Grain  Company, 
Limited,  and  is  connected  with  the  directorate  of  a  number  of  mining  com- 
panies. His  attention,  however,  is  chiefly  given  to  the  interests  of  Ceperley, 
Rounsefell  &  Company,  Limited,  today  the  leading  concern  in  the  fire  insurance 
field  in  the  province,  their  business  o'ertopping  that  of  all  others.  They  also 
handle  real  estate  and  as  financial  agents  conduct  a  large  loaning  business, 
although  insurance  is  the  principal  feature.  They  are  the  general  agents  of  the 
Phoenix  of  London  and  of  the  Liverpool  &  London  &  Globe  Insurance  Company. 


FEANCIS  W.  ROUNSEFELL 


299 

On  the  3  ist  of  January,  1898,  in  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Rounsefell 
was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  DeWolf  Vaughan,  a  daughter  of  Simon  and  Sarah 
Vaughan,  connected  with  the  well  known  firm  of  shipowners  in  Liverpool.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Rounsefell  have  two  children,  Eric  DeWolf  and  Marjorie  Vaughan. 
The  parents  hold  membership  in  Christ  church,  Anglican.  Mr.  Rounsefell  gives 
his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party,  and  something  of  the  nature  of 
his  interests  and  recreation  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  holds  membership  in 
the  Vancouver,  Country  and  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf  Clubs  and  is  a  director 
and  vice  president  of  the  Vancouver  Horse  Show  Association.  The  steps  in  his 
orderly  progression  are  easily  discernible,  his  advancement  being  made  because 
of  his  recognition  and  utilization  of  opportunities,  his  laudable  ambition  and  his 
undaunted  enterprise. 

HENRY  SIGLER. 

For  twenty-one  years  Henry  Sigler  has  been  a  resident  of  the  northwest,  and 
since  1909  has  maintained  his  home  in  Vancouver,  where  he  is  well  known  as  the 
president  of  the  Alberta  Financial  Corporation,  Ltd.,  financial  agents  and  dealers 
in  real  estate.  He  was  born  in  Roumania,  on  the  i2th  of  October,  1867.  When  a 
young  man  of  twenty-one  years  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  the  United  States, 
landing  in  New  York  City  in  1888.  The  following  year  he  made  his  way  to 
eastern  Canada  and  after  three  years  spent  in  that  section  of  the  country  came  to 
the  northwest  in  1892.  He  embarked  in  general  merchandising  at  Edmonton, 
Alberta,  in  1895  an<^  there  remained  in  trade  until  1909,  or  for  a  period  of  four- 
teen years.  He  then  came  to  Vancouver  and  in  1911  was  instrumental  in  organiz- 
ing and  incorporating  the  Alberta  Financial  Corporation,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  was 
elected  president. 

On  the  22d  of  September,  1898,  in  Montreal,  Quebec,  Mr.  Sigler  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Fannie  Lehrer.  They  have  become  the  parents  of  two  sons, 
David  and  Maurice.  Mr.  Sigler  was  a  member  of  Edmonton  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M., 
which  he  joined  in  1898,  and,  following  his  removal  to  Vancouver,  he  transferred 
his  membership  to  Melrose  Lodge  in  1912.  He  belongs  to  the  Progress  Club  and, 
like  his  associates  in  that  organization,  is  much  interested  in  all  that  pertains 
to  the  welfare  and  upbuilding  of  the  city,  the  exploitation  of  its  resources  and  its 
substantial  development.  He  has  never  had  occasion  to  regret  his  determination  to 
seek  a  home  in  the  new  world,  for  here  he  has  found  the  opportunities  which  he 
sought  and  which  are  always  open  to  ambitious,  energetic  young  men,  and  in  their 
improvement  he  has  made  continuous  advancement  along  business  lines. 


OSCAR  BRUCE  ALLAN. 

Among  the  enterprises  which  make  Vancouver  one  of  the  attractive  commercial 
centers  on  the  Pacific  coast  is  the  jewelry  establishment  owned  and  managed  by 
Oscar  Bruce  Allan,  who  has  a  splendidly  appointed  store,  in  which  he  carries  a 
large  stock  and  in  which  he  employs  thirty-six  people.  He  keeps  in  close  touch 
with  the  progress  of  the  times  in  all  of  his  business  affairs  and  his  store  sets  the 
standard  which  many  others  follow.  Mr.  Allan  is  a  native  of  Guelph,  Ontario, 
born  July  22,  1877,  and  his  parents  are  John  and  Eliza  Allan.  The  family  is  one 
of  the  oldest  of  Guelph,  having  been  established  there  in  1833.  Representatives 
of  the  name  were  the  first  millers  and  the  first  distillers  of  that  place  and  the  old 
home  was  the  first  house  built  in  Guelph — a  log  structure  that  is  still  standing. 
It  was  built  by  the  Upper  Canada  Company  for  their  resident  engineer  and  when 
Mr.  Allan's  grandfather,  William  Allan,  succeeded  to  that  position  he  also  became 
the  occupant  of  the  house.  After  years  spent  in  the  employ  of  the  company  he 


300  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

retired  and  erected  flour  mills,  which  for  a  number  of  years  he  owned  and  suc- 
cessfully operated.  The  log  house  built  by  the  Upper  Canada  Company  was  later 
used  by  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  as  a  depot  until  about  two  years  ago.  The 
lime  used  in  building  the  foundation  of  the  house  was  carried  on  the  backs  of 
men,  a  sack  at  a  time,  over  a  distance  of  forty-eight  miles  from  Toronto.  The 
Allan  family  shared  in  all  of  the  hardships  and  privations  incident  to  pioneer  life 
and  were  active  in  the  development  of  Ontario,  where  they  were  among  the  first 
settlers. 

Oscar  Bruce  Allan  pursued  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Guelph  and 
after  putting  aside  his  text-books  turned  his  attention  to  the  jewelry  trade  there 
serving  a  five-year  apprenticeship  and  remaining  in  the  business  at  that  point  until 
1897,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  worked  in  a  jewelry  store  for  some 
time.  In  19/34  he  established  his  present  business.  He  now  has  a  large  establish- 
ment, employing  about  thirty-six  people.  His  stock  is  extensive  and  complete, 
including  goods  of  both  domestic  and  foreign  manufacture,  and  the  attractive 
arrangement  of  the  store,  the  well  known  reliability  of  his  business  methods  and 
his  unfaltering  energy  have  brought  to  him  a  substantial  measure  of  success.  Pos- 
sibly his  is  one  of  the  largest  individual  jewelry  stores  in  Canada.  As  he  has  pros- 
pered in  his  undertakings  he  has  also  invested  to  some  extent  in  Vancouver  realty 
but  concentrates  his  efforts  upon  his  mercantile  interests  and  is  widely  acknowl- 
edged to  be  the  leading  jeweler  of  Vancouver. 

On  the  23d  of  September,  1901,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Allan  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Ellen  Masters,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Ellen  Masters,  who  came 
to  this  city  shortly  after  the  fire  of  1886.  Both  are  still  residing  here.  Mr.  Allan 
is  a  member  of  Southern  Cross  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver,  and  belongs 
also  to  the  Terminal  City  Club  and  to  Christ  church.  It  will  thus  be  seen  that 
business  does  not  monopolize  his  time  to  the  exclusion  of  other  interests  but  that 
his  life  is  well  balanced  in  its  activities.  Men  have  come  to  know  that  he  is  to  be 
relied  upon  as  a  citizen  as  well  as  a  business  man  and  as  a  friend  as  well  as  a 
factor  in  public  life,  and  it  would  be  difficult  to  find  one  who  has  more  genuine 
friends  in  Vancouver  than  Oscar  Bruce  Allan. 


JOHN  DAVID  ROSS. 

Commercial  and  industrial  enterprises  are  the  foundations  upon  which  are 
builded  a  city's  development,  prosperity  and  greatness.  Among  those  who  have 
contributed  to  the  result  accomplished  in  Vancouver,  i§  John  David  Ross,  a  show 
case  manufacturer,  who  has  a  large  and  well  equipped  plant  and  annually  places 
upon  the  market  an  extensive  output.  He  is  today  regarded  as  one  of  the  fore- 
most representatives  of  industrial  interests  in  Vancouver.  He  was  born  in 
Glengarry,  Ontario,  December  19,  1863,  and  is  a  son  of  David  and  Emily  (Socier) 
Ross,  the  former  a  native  of  Scotland  and  the  latter  of  Ontario.  They  resided  in 
Glengarry  until  1891,  when  they  came  to  British  Columbia.  The  father  passed 
away  in  Kamloops  and  the  mother  in  Vancouver. 

John  David  Ross,  spending  his  youthful  days  under  the  parental  roof,  was  a 
pupil  in  the  public  schools  of  Glengarry  and  while  yet  a  boy  in  his  teens  learned 
the  carpenter's  trade  with  his  father,  who  was  a  contractor.  At  a  very  early  age 
he  began  contracting  on  his  own  account  and  when  a  youth  of  sixteen  had  four- 
teen carpenters  in  his  employ— a  remarkable  record  for  one  of  his  years.  He 
continued  in  that  business  there  until  1886,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia 
and  worked  on  stations  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  between  Donald  and 
Kamloops  for  a  short  time.  Locating  in  Kamloops,  he  there  engaged  in  the 
contracting  business  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  McGilhvray  &  Ross,  but  after 
a  year  this  partnership  was  dissolved.  ,Mr.  Ross  remained  alone  in  the  con- 
tracting business  for  six  years  at  Kamloops,  .after  which  he  came  to  Vancouver 
in  1893  and  began  contracting  in  a  small  way;  but  owing  to  the  fact  that  very 


JOHN  D;  ROSS 


303 

little  building  was  being  done  here  at  that  time,  he  soon  gave  up  the  work  and  for 
a  period  was  employed  in  a  sash  and  door  factory.  In  1900,  however,  he  began 
the  manufacture  of  show  cases,  erecting  a  work  bench  in  one  room  of  his  home. 
He  had  to  borrow  ten  dollars  to  buy  oak  for  the  first  two  cases  which  he  built. 
He  soon  gained  a  start,  however,  and  afterward  built  a  little  shop,  fourteen  by 
twenty-eight  feet,  on  the  rear  of  his  lot  at  No.  43  Eighth  avenue,  Mount  Pleasant. 
About  a  year  later  he  tore  down  this  shop  and  built  another,  twenty-two  by 
forty-eight  feet,  on  the  same  site,  put  in  a  few  machines  and  employed  four  men. 
He  remained  there  for  two  years  and  then  removed  to  Dufferin  street,  adjoining 
the  location  of  his  present  plant.  There  he  erected  a  frame  building  covering 
two  lots  and,  enlarging  and  improving  his  plant,  furnished  employment  to 
twenty  men.  In  1909  he  sold  a  third  interest  in  the  business  to  J.  O.  Perry  and 
they  erected  their  present  quarters,  now  occupying  a  spacious  brick  building  at 
No.  291  Dufferin  street.  This  building  is  three-story  and  basement,  one  hun- 
dred by  one  hundred  feet,  and  is  equipped  with  the  most  modern  machinery  to 
facilitate  the  work  in  their  line.  They  employ  from  forty  to  fifty  men  and 
manufacture  all  kinds  of  show  cases,  bank,  store  and  office  fixtures  and  have  a 
complete  beveling  and  silvering  plant  for  all  kinds  of  mirrors.  Their  output 
amounts  in  value  to  about  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  per  year  and  their  goods 
are  sent  to  all  parts  of  the  province.  In  July,  1912,  Mr.  Ross  purchased  his 
partner's  interest  and  is  now  sole  proprietor  of  this  business,  which  has  grown 
steadily  in  volume  and  importance  until  it  is  now  one  of  the  foremost  manufactur- 
ing enterprises  of  Vancouver.  Its  development  has  been  along  substantial  lines 
and  the  secret  of  success  is  found  in  the  energy,  determination  and  straight- 
forward business  methods  of  the  proprietor.  He  has  always  maintained  high 
business  standards  in  the  character  of  material  used,  in  the  quality  of  workman- 
ship and  in  the  treatment  accorded  patrons,  and  as  the  years  have  gone  by  the 
success  of  this  enterprise  has  grown  until  Mr.  Ross  is  today  numbered  among 
the  leading  manufacturers  of  Vancouver. 

On  the  3d  of  April,  1890,  in  Kamloops,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Ross  was 
married  to  Miss  Agnes  Brown,  a  native  of  Mount  Forest,  Grey  county,  Ontario, 
then  residing  in  Kamloops.  Unto  them  have  been  born  seven  children,  as  fol- 
lows: Stanley  David,  Winifred  Margaret,  Carmen  Edwin,  Allan,  Russell,  Loren 
and  Emily. 

In  politics  Mr.  Ross  is  a  conservative  and  while  interested  in  vital  questions 
of  good  government,  he  is  not  an  active  worker  in  party  ranks,  his  time  and 
attention  being  fully  occupied  with  his  business  interests,  which  for  many  years 
have  been  of  constantly  growing  importance.  He  may  truly  be  called  a  self- 
made  man,  for  whatever  success  he  has  achieved  is  attributable  to  his  own  labors 
and  his  well  defined  and  carefully  executed  plans.  His  record  shows  what  may 
be  accomplished  when  determination  and  energy  lead  the  way  and  proves  that 
success  and  an  honorable  name  may  be  won  simultaneously. 


PERCY  FRAZIER. 

The  course  of  years  may  bring  the  depletion  of  natural  resources,  yet  those 
of  British  Columbia  seem  almost  inexhaustible.  She  has  rich  mineral  districts, 
splendid  forests  and  broad  prairie  lands  and  the  entire  northwest  furnishes  splen- 
did opportunity  for  the  investor.  Mr.  Frazier  is  active  in  controlling  and  directing 
interests  along  those  lines  as  a  dealer  in  timber  lands  and  real-estate,  fire  and 
marine  insurance  and  as  financial  agent.  Within  the  past  decade  there  has  come 
to  the  northwest  a  great  band  of  American  citizens — men  of  enterprise  who  have 
recognized  the  opportunities  of  this  section  and  are  utilizing  them  not  only  for 
their  own  benefit  but  also  in  the  upbuilding  and  improvement  of  the  district.  To 
this  class  belongs  Percy  Frazier,  who  was  born  in  Joliet,  Illinois,  June  n,  1884, 
a  son  of  Richard  and  Mary  Jane  Frazier,  who  were  among  the  early  pioneers  of 


304  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

that  state.  The  son,  spending  his  youthful  days  under  the  parental  roof,  was  a 
student  in  the  public  schools  of  Joliet  until  1894,  when  the  family  removed  to  the 
northwest,  settling  at  Vancouver,  where  he  again  attended  public  schools.  He 
started  in  the  business  world  in  1899  as  an  employe  of  a  local  grocery  concern, 
with  which  he  remained  for  a  few  years  and  then  resigned  to  enter  the  employ 
of  Swift  &  Company,  wholesale  dealers  in  meats  and  provisions.  Following  his 
marriage  in  1907  he  became  interested  with  his  father-in-law  in  some  timber 
lands,  although  still  in  the  employ  of  Swift  &  Company.  Two  years  later  he 
resigned  his  position  with  that  corporation  and  entered  into  a  partnership  with  his 
father-in-law  in  the  lumber  business  under  the  firm  name  of  Frazier  &  McNair. 
This  partnership  was  dissolved  in  1910  and  Mr.  Frazier  continued  the  business  on 
his  own  account  under  the  firm  style  of  P.  Frazier  &  Company  until  May  i,  1913, 
when  he  organized  the  Union  Finance  Company,  Limited,  which  absorbed  both 
P.  Frazier  &  Company  and  the  British  Underwriters,  Limited,  and  of  which  Mr. 
Frazier  became  president  and  so  continues  to  the  present  time.  The  Union  Finance 
Company,  Limited,  is  a  close  corporation  with  a  capital  of  twenty-five  thousand 
dollars  and  doing  a  general  insurance  and  financial  brokerage  business.  They  are 
general  agents  in  British  Columbia  for  the  Los  Angeles  Fire  Insurace  Company  of 
Los  Angeles,  California ;  the  Franklin  Fire  Insurance  Company  of  Philadelphia ; 
the  Western  Union  Fire  Insurance  Company  of  Vancouver,  British  Columbia ;  the 
German  Commercial  Accident  Insurance  Company  of  Philadelphia ;  and  the  Mis- 
souri Fidelity  &  Casualty  Company  of  Springfield,  Missouri.  Though  the  com- 
pany is  young,  by  their  absorption  of  the  two  aforementioned  companies  they  are 
already  doing  a  large  business  and  their  prospects  for  the  future  are  of  the 
brightest. 

Mr.  Frazier  is  largely  conversant  with  values  and  with  opportunities  for  invest- 
ment in  timber  lands  and  other  real  estate  and  has  controlled  important  activities 
along  those  lines.  Previous  to  the  formation  of  the  Union  Finance  Company, 
Limited,  he  also  conducted  a  successful  fire  and  marine  insurance  and  general 
financial  brokerage  business  which  is  now  a  part  of  the  above  mentioned  company 
and  to  which  Mr.  Frazier  gives  his  personal  attention. 

On  the  21  st  day  of  August,  1907,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Frazier  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Margaret  L.  McNair,  a  daughter  of  David  and  Mary  Jane  Mc- 
Nair. They  have  one  son,  Percy,  Jr.  Mr.  Frazier  is  a  member  of  the  Presby- 
terian church  and  he  belongs  to  Southern  Cross  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M. ;  Pacific 
Chapter,  R.  A.  M. ;  and  Columbia  Preceptory,  A.  &  A.  S.  R.  The  nature  of  his 
recreation  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  holds  membership  in  the  American  Club, 
of  which  he  was  one  of  the  organizers  and  is  at  present  a  director.  He  is  also 
a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Automobile  Club  and  the  Vancouver  Gun  Club.  He 
is  wide  awake,  alert  and  energetic,  attacking  everything  that  he  undertakes  with  a 
contagious  enthusiasm,  and  in  all  his  business  affairs  he  has  followed  constructive 
methods,  his  path  never  being  strewn  with  the  wreck  of  other's  failures.  He  rec- 
ognizes the  fact  that  there  is  room  and  opportunity  for  all  and  he  has  won  a 
liberal  clientage  by  proving  his  business  worth  and  his  enterprise. 


CAPTAIN  JOSEPH  MAYERS. 

Captain  Joseph  Mayers,  one  of  the  leading  coal  dealers  of  New  Westmintser 
and  one  of  the  city's  foremost  residents  and  public-spirited  citizens,  is  a  worthy 
native  son  of  British  Columbia,  his  birth  having  occurred  at  New  Westminster 
on  the  4th  of  August,  1870.  His  parents  were  Christian  and  Mary  Mayers,  the 
former  a  native  of  Germany  and  the  latter  of  British  Columbia.  Christian  May- 
ers was  one  of  the  pioneer  settlers  of  New  Westminster,  having  come  to  this 
province  from  his  native  country  as  a  young  man.  He  was  among  the  first  to 
make  his  way  to  the  Cariboo  country  in  search  of  gold  in  1858.  Subsequently 
he  located  in  Active  Pass  and  later  removed  to  New  Westminster.  While  his 


JOSEPH  MAYERS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  307 

son  Joseph  was  still  a  child  he  took  up  his  abode  at  Hastings  (now  Vancouver), 
on  the  site  of  which  stood  nothing  but  a  sawmill.  Later  he  returned  to  New 
Westminster  and  was  here  engaged  in  the  tugboat  and  towing  business  until 
called  to  his  ^  final  rest  on  March  22,  1891.  During  his  active  business  •  career 
he  had  been  connected  with  steamboat  interests  and  gained  a  wide  acquaintance 
and  enviable  reputation  in  that  connection. 

Joseph  Mayers  began  his  education  at  Hastings  (now  Vancouver)  and  com- 
pleted his  studies  in  the  public  schools  of  New  Westminster.  As  a  boy  he  had 
spent  a  great  deal  of  time  on  his  father's  boat  and  at  the  early  age  of  fifteen 
years  was  made  captain  of  a  tugboat  belonging  to  Alex  Ewen,  a  pioneer  in  the  fish 
canning  industry.  Subsequently  he  served  as  captain  of  the  boats  of  the  Brunette 
Saw  Mills  Company  and  later  acted  as  captain  of  the  boats  of  the  Royal  City 
Mills.  In  1898  he  left  the  employ  of  that  concern,  built  a  tugboat  in  associa- 
tion with  N.  R.  Preston  and  embarked  in  the  towing  business.  In  1901  Messrs. 
Mayers  and  Preston  organized  the  Westminster  Towing  &  Fishing  Company, 
now  operating  four  tugs.  Mr.  Mayers  was  made  president  of  the  company  and 
served  in  that  capacity  for  six  years,  on  the  expiration  of  which  period  he 
resigned  in  favor  of  Mr.  Preston,  who  is  now  the  chief  executive  officer,  our 
subject  being  a  member  of  the  board  of  directors.  In  1907,  in  association  with 
Mr.  Preston,  he  embarked  in  the  coal  business  and  two  years  later  purchased  his 
partner's  interest  therein  and  also  in  the  tugboat  which  they  had  built,  having 
since  conducted  both  enterprises  independently.  Success  has  attended  his  efforts 
in  these  connections  and  he  has  gained  a  well  merited  reputation  as  one  of  New 
Westminster's  leading  coal  dealers  and  prominent  citizens. 

On  the  8th  of  August,  1895,  Captain  Mayers  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Margaret  Taylor,  a  daughter  of  James  Taylor,  who  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of 
British  Columbia,  coming  from  Scotland  to  this  province  for  the  Hudson's  Bay 
Company.  Captain  and  Mrs.  Mayers  have  five  children,  namely :  J.  C.  Francis, 
Margaret  Catherine,  Joseph  G.,  Howard  C.  and  Edward  Wallace,  all  at  home. 

Captain  Mayers  is  a  liberal  in  his  political  views  and  is  one  of  the  pilot  com- 
missioners under  the  Dominion  government.  He  belongs  to  the  Native  Sons  of 
British  Columbia  and  the  Westminster  Club  and  in  fraternal  circles  is  well  known 
as  a  member  of  Fraser  Lodge,  No.  3,  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen,  and 
New  Westminster  Lodge,  No.  854,  Loyal  Order  of  Moose.  He  attends  the  serv- 
ices and  contributes  to  the  support  of  the  Church  of  England,  to  which  his  wife 
belongs.  They  are  well  known  and  highly  esteemed  throughout  the  province, 
the  circle  of  their  friends  being  almost  coextensive  with  the  circle  of  their 
acquaintances. 

JOHN  SPURGEON  STEEVES. 

In  a  rapidly  growing  city  there  is  splendid  opportunity  for  a  real-estate  man 
and  he  who  can  see  and  utilize  advantages  as  they  arise  has  excellent  chance  to 
win  success.  Mr.  Steeves  is  numbered  among  those  who  are  devoting  their  ener- 
gies to  real-estate  dealing  and  in  this  connection  has  negotiated  a  number  of  im- 
portant realty  transfers.  He  was  born  in  Kings  county,  New  Brunswick,  Septem- 
ber 26,  1878,  a  son  of  Gideon  and  Rebecca  (Brown)  Steeves,  representatives  of  a 
United  Empire  Loyalist  family  that  was  originally  founded  in  Massachusetts,  but 
on  the  proclamation  of  American  independence,  remaining  loyal  to  the  crown, 
came  to  Canada. 

In  the  public  schools  of  New  Brunswick,  John  Spurgeon  Steeves  pursued 
his  education,  and  after  putting  aside  his  text-books  turned  his  attention  to  agri- 
cultural pursuits.  He  continued  to  follow  farming  in  New  Brunswick  until  April, 
1907,  and  in  the  following  August  came  to  Vancouver  and  entered  the  real-estate 
field,  in  which  he  has  since  operated.  For  about  three  months  he  was  in  partner- 
ship with  E.  A.  Duke  under  the  firm  style  of  Duke  &  Steeves  in  1910,  but  since 


308  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

the  dissolution  of  that  partnership  Mr.  Steeves  has  been  alone.  His  investments 
are  principally  in  local  real  estate  and  he  has  become  the  owner  of  valuable  prop- 
erty here.  He  is  thoroughly  conversant  with  the  real  estate  that  is  upon  the 
market,  is  an  expert  in  the  valuation  of  property,  and  has  negotiated  many  im- 
portant transfers  which  have  been  satisfactory  alike  to  him  and  to  his  clients. 

Mr.  Steeves  was  a  member  of  the  Eighth  Hussars  Light  Cavalry.  His  political 
faith  is  that  of  the  liberal  party  and  his  religious  belief  that  of  the  Baptist  church. 
He  holds  membership  with  the  Orange  order  and  with  the  Modern  Woodmen  of 
America.  He  is  interested  in  all  the  questions  and  problems  of  the  day  that  have 
to  do  with  the  upbuilding  of  the  city  or  with  the  welfare  of  the  province,  and  his 
influence  can  always  be  counted  upon  as  a  factor  on  the  side  of  public  progress. 


JOHN  HOWE  CARLISLE. 

It  is  only  when  a  crisis  arises  calling  forth  the  strenuous  effort  of  a  well  organ- 
ized fire  department  that  the  majority  of  people  stop  to  think  of  how  important 
is  the  service  rendered  by  the  fire  fighters  of  a  community  and  how  necessary  it 
is  to  have  at  their  head  a  man  capable,  cool  and  resourceful.  Such  a  man  Van- 
couver has  found  in  John  Howe  Carlisle,  who  since  1888  has  been  chief  of  the 
regular  department  and  held  the  same  position  with  the  volunteer  force  from 
December,  1886.  He  was  born  November  4,  1858,  in  Albert  county,  New  Bruns- 
wick, and  pursued  a  public-school  education  while  spending  his  youthful  days  in 
the  home  of  his  parents,  Theodore  and  Jane  Carlisle.  After  leaving  school  he 
removed  westward  and  for  three  months  was  a  resident  of  Idaho.  He  then 
went  to  Seattle,  Washington,  where  he  remained  for  two  years,  and  in  March, 
1886,  he  arrived  in  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  made  his  home.  In  Decem- 
ber of  the  same  year  he  was  appointed  to  the  position  of  chief  of  the  Vancouver 
fire  department,  which  was  then  a  volunteer  organization,  and  in  1888,  when 
this  was  changed  to  a  paid  department,  he  was  chosen  chief  and  has  continued 
in  the  position  to  the  present  time,  or  for  a  period  of  a  quarter  of  a  century, 
and  is  now  the  oldest  fire  chief  in  point  of  service  in  Canada.  When  chief  of 
the  volunteers  Mr.  Carlisle  was  engaged  in  the  trucking  business,  but  upon  the 
organization  of  the  fire  force  as  a  city  department  he  gave  up  his  activities  along 
that  line.  The  first  fire  department  was  founded  in  Vancouver  in  May,  1886, 
but  had  no  equipment  when  the  town  burned.  After  becoming  chief  of  the 
regular  force  Mr.  Carlisle  set  himself  immediately  to  the  task  of  perfecting  a 
splendid  organization  with  excellent  equipment  in  the  way  of  fire-fighting  appa- 
ratus, and  the  men  under  him  are  most  loyal,  recognizing  in  him  one  who  is  cap- 
able of  directing  their  labors  to  the  best  advantage  when  emergency  demands. 
Vancouver  may  be  said  to  be  the  first  place  on  this  continent  to  have  adopted 
the  automobile  system  at  a  time  when  in  other  places  squad  wagons  only  were 
used.  Visitors  from  all  over,  including  the  United  States,  came  here  to  see  the 
new  system  in  operation.  Continually  the  equipment  was  improved,  and  in  1908 
the  equipment  for  the  fire  department  was  two  hose  wagons  and  a  chemical 
engine  of  automobile  type,  and  these  innovations  proved  so  satisfactory  that  the 
city  has  since  enlarged  its  equipment  to  its  present  size,  some  of  the  engines 
having  as  high  a  speed  as  sixty  miles  per  hour.  The  present  equipment  is  com- 
posed of  eighteen  pieces,  including  hose  wagons,  chemical  engines,  aerial  trucks 
and  one  self-propelling  steam  fire  engine.  The  aerial  trucks  reach  eighty-five  feet 
and  to  each  are  assigned  eight  men,  but  as  low  as  two  men  can  handle  one  of  the 
trucks.  Mr.  Carlisle  has  done  everything  in  his  power  to  make  this  splendid  equip- 
ment effective  and  on  numerous  occasions  has  proven  his  extraordinary  ability  in 
handling  dangerous  situations.  He  is  cool  and  collected  in  times  of  excitement, 
never  losing  sight  of  what  might  be  termed  the  strategic  point  in  winning  a 
victory  over  the  destructive  element. 


JOHN  H.  CARLISLE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  311 

On  the  1 5th  of  March,  1887,  in  Seattle,  Washington,  Mr.  Carlisle  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Laura  McRae,  a  daughter  of  Alexander  and  Elinor  McRae. 
Their  children  are  Dora,  Frank,  Ethel,  Kenneth,  Walter,  Ella,  Verona,  Jack 
and  Florence.  The  eldest  daughter  is  the  wife  of  A.  S.  McDonald,  of  Vancouver, 
and  the  others  are  all  yet  at  home. 

Chief  Carlisle  is  a  member  of  Acacia  Lodge,  No.  22,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of 
Vancouver,  and  also  belongs  to  the  Loyal  Order  of  Orange.  He  gives  evidence 
of  his  interest  in  the  material  expansion  of  the  city  by  his  membership  in  the 
Commercial  Club.  A  man  of  vigorous  physique  and  one  who  realizes  the  im- 
portance of  a  healthy  body  as  a  habitat  for  a  healthy  mind,  he  is  a  lover  of  the 
out-of-doors  and  finds  recreation  from  his  arduous  duties  in  outdoor  sports, 
such  as  hunting  and  fishing.  His  value  as  a  public  officer  and  as  the  head  of 
one  of  the  most  important  departments  of  the  city  government,  engaged  in  the 
prevention  of  destruction  to  property  and  disaster  to  human  life,  is  readily 
recognized  and  his  fitness  for  his  position  is  of  value  as  a  public  asset. 


ROBERT  WETMORE  HANNINGTON. 

One  of  the  most  able  barristers  in  Vancouver  and  one  of  the  most  public-spir- 
ited and  progressive  men  in  the  city  is  Robert  Wetmore  Hannington,  practicing  at 
the  bar  of  British  Columbia  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Harris,  Bull,  Hannington  & 
•  Mason.  He  was  born  in  Dorchester,  New  Brunswick,  May  22,  1868,  and  is  a  son 
of  Hon.  Daniel  L.  and  Emily  M.  (Wetmore)  Hannington,  the  former  late  premier 
of  New  Brunswick  and  senior  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  that  province. 

Robert  W.  Hannington  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  grammar  schools 
of  Dorchester  and  afterward  entered  the  University  of  New  Brunswick,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in  1888  with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  Having  determined  upon 
a  legal  career,  after  three  years  study  in  the  office  of  his  father,  he  became  a 
student  at  Dalhousie  University  in  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  attending  in  1891  and 
1892,  and  in  the  latter  year  was  called  to  the  New  Brunswick  bar.  Shortly  after 
he  practiced  at  St.  John  for  five  years  and  in  1897  moved  to  Nelson,  British  Colum- 
bia, where  until  1908  he  engaged  in  general  practice,  first  with  S.  Taylor  as  a 
member  of  the  firm  of  Taylor  &  Hannington  and  later  with  Judge  Galliher  under 
the  firm  name  of  Galliher  &  Hannington.  In  1908  Mr.  Hannington  moved  to  Van- 
couver and  the  firm  of  Russell,  Russell  &  Hannington  was  formed  in  the  city,  the 
association  continuing  until  1911,  when  Mr.  Hannington  returned  to  Nelson. 
However,  he  remained  only  three  months  and  then  returning  to  Vancouver,  aided 
in  the  organization  of  the  present  firm  of  Harris,  Bull,  Hannington  &  Mason. 
This  is  one  of  the  strongest  law  firms  in  the  city,  all  of  its  members  being  able, 
brilliant  and  resourceful  men,  and  it  is  connected  through  an  extensive  and  repre- 
sentative patronage  with  a  great  deal  of  notable  litigation.  In  Vancouver  Mr. 
Hannington  is  known  as  a  strong  and  able  practitioner,  well  versed  in  the  under- 
lying principles  of  law  and  possessing  the  incisive  and  analytical  qualities  of  mind 
necessary  to  make  his  knowledge  practical  and  effective.  He  has  won  a  number 
of  notable  legal  victories  and  has  been  carried  forward  into  important  relations 
with  the  public  life  of  the  city,  his  signal  ability  gaining  him  recognition  in  official 
circles.  In  1912  he  was  appointed  commissioner  for  the  government  to  investigate 
the  conditions  existing  in  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital  and  in  the  same  year 
was  appointed  counsel  to  revise  the  Vancouver  city  by-laws.  In  both  of  these  im- 
portant capacities  he  accomplished  the  work  in  hand  with  thoroughness  and  dis- 
patch, adding  something  to  the  respect  and  esteem  in  which  his  name  is  held  in 
«ancouver. 
On  the  1 6th  of  August,  1911,  in  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  Mr.  Hannington 
as  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Louisa  M.  Skinner,  a  daughter  of  Robert  C.  and 
Elizabeth  C.  Skinner,  the  former  for  several  years  judge  of  the  probate  court  of 
St.  John.  Mr.  Hannington  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church  and  fraternally 

Vol.  Ill— 11 


312  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

is  connected  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  He  belongs  to  the 
Vancouver  Club  and  to  the  Press  Club  in  Vancouver  and  is  well  known  in  the 
affairs  of  the  Nelson  Club  of  Nelson.  His  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  con- 
servative party  and  while  he  is  not  an  active  politician  he  is  essentially  public- 
spirited,  interested  in  the  welfare  of  the  city  and  always  eager  to  do  his  utmost 
to  promote  civic  growth.  In  a  profession  where  advancement  depends  entirely 
upon  superior  merit  and  ability  he  has  made  steady  and  rapid  progress  and  his 
record  is  a  credit  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  which  numbers  among  its  repre- 
sentatives so  many  able  and  brilliant  men. 


BEACH  ADONIJAH  LASELLE. 

In  the  history  of  Beach  Adonijah  Laselle  we  have  the  record  of  one  who 
has  utilized  the  thrift  and  enterprise  which  have  ever  characterized  New  Eng- 
land's sons  in  the  development  of  the  splendid  natural  resources  of  the  Pacific 
northwest.  Opportunities  which  others  have  heedlessly  passed  by  he  has  utilized, 
and  his  practical  experience  and  native  intelligence  have  been  of  incalculable 
benefit  to  this  section  of  the  country.  A  native  of  Vermont,  Mr.  Laselle  was 
born  at  St.  Albans  Point,  Franklin  county,  July  n,  1870,  and  his  parents,  Arthur 
and  Ellen  M.  (Hathaway)  Laselle,  were  also  natives  of  that  state.  The  father 
is  now  a  retired  farmer  of  Franklin  county,  where  he  has  spent  his  entire  life. 
His  wife  died  in  early  womanhood  during  the  infancy  of  their  son  Beach. 

In  the  public  and  high  schools  of  St.  Albans,  Beach  A.  Laselle  pursued  his  edu- 
cation until  graduated  with  the  class  of  1887.  He  afterward  spent  a  year  as  a 
clerk  in  the  postoffice  of  his  native  city  and  at  the  end  of  that  time,  or  in  August 
1888,  went  to  Anacortes,  Washington,  where  he  secured  a  clerkship  in  a  general 
store,  remaining  there  until  the  late  fall  of  1889.  During  his  residence  in  Ana- 
cortes he  had  dealt  to  a  limited  extent  in  real  estate  in  the  growing  and  promising 
towns  of  Seahome,  Fairhaven  and  Whatcom,  all  of  which  now  form  a  part  of 
the  city  of  Bellingham,  Washington.  In  the  fall  of  1889  Anacortes  entered  upon 
a  boom  and  Mr.  Laselle  opened  a  real-estate  office  in  what  had  hitherto  been  a 
trading  post  and  steamboat  landing.  His  was  the  first  real-estate  office  there  and 
he  conducted  his  business  in  a  tent,  having  as  a  partner  E.  K.  Hiatt.  From  the 
beginning  he  was  very  successful  throughout  the  period  of  the  boom,  negotiating 
many  important  realty  transfers.  In  May,  1890,  he  went  to  the  mines  at  Galena, 
Washington,  in  Silver  creek,  where  he  did  lode  mining,  taking  up  several  claims 
in  that  region.  Locating  there,  he  also  took  some  contracts  for  assessment  work 
on  nearby  claims  and  a  little  later,  in  partnership  with  William  H.  Roberts,  he 
opened  a  general  store  at  Galena  in  the  spring  of  1894.  Owing  to  the  slump  in 
silver  ore,  the  camp  at  Galena  died  out  and  Mr.  Laselle  disposed  of  everything 
that  was  salable  and  left  a  considerable  amount  of  goods  on  the  shelves  of  his 
store,  as  it  would  cost  more  to  move  the  stock  than  it  was  worth.  He  left  there 
with  Edward  Stevens  and  went  to  Wenatchee,  Washington,  where  they  pur- 
chased some  pack  horses,  fitted  up  an  outfit  and  started  upon  a  prospecting  and 
mining  trip  in  the  Similkameen  district,  going  through  the  mountains  at  the  head 
of  the  Pasaytan  river,  a  branch  of  the  Similkumeen,  to  the  town  of  Princeton. 
That  was  in  the  year  of  the  big  floods  of  the  rivers  of  British  Columbia,  and  Mr. 
Laselle  had  great  difficulty  in  crossing  the  creeks  and  rivers  which  he  encountered 
on  his  journey.  The  town  of  Silver  was  washed  away  before  their  very  eyes. 
They  had  planned  to  cross  to  the  town  the  night  before  but  failing  to  secure  a 
canoe  had  camped  over  night.  In  that  time  the  rising  river  had  so  swollen  that 
at  daylight  the  houses  began  to  fall  one  by  one,  and  were  carried  away  and  the 
whole  town  was  destroyed.  While  on  the  trip  their  food  supply  became  ex- 
hausted and  they  were  two  and  a  half  days  without  food  of  any  kind  until  Mr. 
Laselle  shot  a  fawn,  which  supplied  them  with  fresh  meat  to  complete  the  trip 
to  Princeton.  They  stopped  at  Princeton  and  there,  by  chance,  met  a  pioneer 


BEACH  A.  LASELLE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  315 

who  told  them  such  glowing  tales  of  the  Cariboo  that  they  decided  to  make  their 
way  to  that  district.  They  immediately  secured  new  supplies  and  set  forth  on  a 
journey  that  meant  the  lengthening  of  their  trail  three  hundred  and  fifty  miles. 
They  left  Princeton  with  two  pack  horses,  both  heavily  laden,  so  that  they  had 
to  walk.  In  July  they  reached  Harper's  Camp  on  the  Horse  Fly  river,'  spent  a 
few  days  there  and  proceeded  to  Quesnelle  Forks,  and  thence  on  to  Caribou  lake. 
At  Keithley  creek  they  found  George  Veith,  a  pioneer  who  was  conducting  a 
trading  post,  where  they  secured  fresh  supplies.  They  then  crossed  the  lake 
and  spent  two  months  in  prospecting  the  creek's  tributary  to  Caribou  lake.  Mr. 
Laselle  then  went  to  Barkerville,  while  Mr.  Stevens  remained  at  Keithley  creek. 
After  a  week  the  former  returned  and  advised  Mr.  Stevens  to  go  to  Barkerville 
to  spend  the  winter,  which  he  did.  Mr.  Laselle  then  planned  his  return  trip  to 
Washington,  where  he  had  business  interests  that  required  his  attention.  In  his 
absence  from  Keithley  creek  their  two  horses  had  wandered  away  from  camp  and 
had  not  yet  been  found  on  his  return.  He  started  out  on  his  return  trip  and 
after  walking  about  sixty  miles  found  both  horses.  He  sold  one  of  them  and 
proceeded  to  ride  the  other.  For  seven  hundred  miles  he  traveled  on  horseback, 
having  only  one  blanket,  which  he  used  during  the  day  as  a  saddle  blanket  and  at 
night  as  a  sleeping  blanket.  He  had  a  frying  pan  tied  to  his  saddle  and  he  pur- 
chased horse  feed  from  the  Indians  and  settlers  whom  he  met  en  route.  His 
course  was  through  the  valleys  of  the  Similkumeen  and  Columbia  rivers  to  the 
town  of  Wenatchee,  from  which  point  he  continued  by  train  to  Seattle.  When  he 
crossed  the  Columbia  river  at  Central  Ferry  he  learned  that  on  the  following  day 
there  was  to  be  a  sale  of  wild  Oregon  horses,  fine  animals  of  about  eleven  hundred 
pounds  each.  He  camped  there  over  night  and  attended  the  sale,  purchasing  four 
head  of  horses,  none  of  which  had  ever  had  as  much  as  a  rope  on  them.  The 
highest  price  that  he  paid  for  any  of  them  was  four  dollars  and  fifty  cents.  He 
left  these  horses  on  a  ranch  near  Central  Ferry  until  the  following  spring.  In 
December,  1894,  he  arrived  in  Seattle,  spent  the  winter  there  and  closed  out  all 
his  interests  in  Washington  with  the  object  of  making  British  Columbia  his  per- 
manent home.  In  April,  1895,  he  returned  to  Central  Ferry,  where  he  spent  a 
few  days  breaking  his  new  horses.  He  then  proceeded  to  Barkerville,  where  he 
met  his  partner  of  the  previous  year,  and  they  struck  out  from  there  on  a  prospect- 
ing and  mining  trip  that  lasted  five  years.  They  worked  in  all  directions  and  on 
several  occasions  went  far  north.  In  1899  Mr.  Laselle  discovered  the  China  creek 
gold  mines  and  in  1901  located  the  Nugget  Gulch  gold  mine.  He  immediately 
gave  his  undivided  time  to  the  development  of  those  properties  and  now  has  them 
equipped  with  the  most  modern  machinery  for  hydraulic  mining,  working  a  force 
of  men  at  each  mine  during  the  season.  Both  of  these  properties  are  within  a 
few  miles  of  Barkerville  and  both  have  produced  some  beautiful  specimens  of  ore, 
Mr.  Laselle  having  in  his  possession  the  largest  nugget  ever  taken  from  China 
creek  mine.  It  contains  pure  gold  to  the  value  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars 
and  a  very  little  quartz. 

Mr.  Laselle  is  an  entertaining  conversationalist  and  tells  many  thrilling  and  in- 
teresting tales  of  his  life  in  Cariboo,  all  of  which  would  be  thoroughly  enjoyed 
could  we  give  space  to  them  in  these  pages.  In  1909  he  placed  a  man  in  charge 
of  the  mines  and  came  to  Vancouver  to  make  this  city  his  home.  In  that  year  he 
organized  the  Northern  Development  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  is  president 
and  manager.  In  January,  1910,  he  bought  a  large  acreage  and  placed  on  the 
market  the  town  site  of  South  Fort  George,  which  had  already  become  the  business 
center  of  the  Fort  George  district.  Mr.  Laselle  was  the  first  man  to  offer  the 
public  the  opportunity  to  invest  in  this  prosperous  new  town,  which  is  situated  in 
the  heart  of  what  will  soon  be  one  of  British  Columbia's  richest  commercial  and 
agricultural  regions.  He  is  called  the  father  of  South  Fort  George,  and  the 
development,  growth  and  prosperity  of  the  district  can  be  largely  attributed  to 
his  enterprising  efforts.  The  Northern  Development  Company  also  acts  as  agent 
for  Fraser  and  Nechaco  valley  farm  lands,  and  they  are  Pacific  coast  agents  for 
the  Grand  Trunk  Pacific  Railway  town  site — Fraser  Lake,  British  Columbia 
Each  forward  step  that  Mr.  Laselle  has  made  has  brought  him  of  a  broader  outlook 


316  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

and  wider  opportunities,  and  his  efforts  have  at  all  times  been  a  character  that 
have  contributed  to  general  growth  and  development.  He  was  one  of  the  organ- 
izers of  the  Pacific  Lime  Company,  Ltd.,  which  was  formed  in  1910  and  of  which 
he  is  now  the  secretary  and  treasurer.  Their  plant,  which  is  the  largest  in  the 
province,  is  located  at  Blubber  Bay,  on  the  north  end  of  Texada  island.  The  pro- 
duction is  approximately  eight  thousand  barrels  per  month  and  they  supply  three 
fourths  of  all  the  lime  used  in  British  Columbia.  Mr.  Laselle  is  also  president 
of  the  Compressed  Fuel  Company,  the  owners,  patentees  and  manufacturers  of 
a  machine  that  utilizes  the  waste  from  saw  and  cane  mills,  taking  the  refuse  which 
has  heretofore  been  a  source  of  trouble  and  expense  to  dispose  of  and  putting  it 
into  the  form  of  commercial  fuel  that  is  superior  to  coal  in  cost,  heat  per  ton,  and 
cleanliness.  Thus  along  many  lines  have  the  enterprising  efforts  of  Mr.  Laselle 
constituted  an  important  force  in  business  activity  and  progress,  and  his  ability 
and  energy  have  constituted  the  foundation  upon  which  he  has  reached  the  high 
plane  of  affluence  that  he  now  occupies. 

In  New  York  city,  on  the  i8th  of  April,  1907,  Mr.  Laselle  was  married  to 
Miss  Theodora  Evelyn  Mason,  of  Greenwich,  Connecticut,  a  granddaughter  of  the 
celebrated  surgeon,  Dr.  Mason,  of  Brooklyn,  New  York,  and  a  descendant 
of  a  very  old  and  prominent  family  of  Greenwich.  They  have  one  son,  Beach 
Adonijah,  Jr.,  three  years  of  age.  Mr.  Laselle  is  a  conservative,  and 
while  in  the  Cariboo  took  a  very  active  part  in  politics.  He  holds  membership 
with  the  Camp  Fire  Club  of  America,  a  game  and  hunt  club  which  was  organized 
in  New  York  city  some  years  ago.  He  was  present  at  its  first  meeting  and  is  a 
charter  member  in  this  club,  which  has  a  limited  membership  of  two  hundred  and 
is  comprised  of  many  of  America's  celebrities.  He  is  the  only  member  from  Brit- 
ish Columbia.  Mr.  Laselle's  life  has  been  one  filled  with  romance  and  adventure. 
Born  in  New  England,  during  his  early  youth  he  went  alone  to  the  Pacific  coast, 
has  spent  winters  in  the  far  north  of  British  Columbia,  going  for  days  at  a  time 
without  food,  depending  entirely  upon  the  trap  and  gun.  He  has  been  exposed 
to  the  ravages  of  malaria  and  fevers  of  South  America  and  he  has  met  all  of  the 
hardships  and  experiences  of  life  on  the  frontier  and  in  the  mining  camps.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers  and  is  an  acknowledged 
authority  in  British  Columbia  on  mining  in  all  its  branches.  His  services  have 
been  employed  on  many  occasions  to  examine  and  report  upon  mining  properties 
in  various  parts  of  British  Columbia,  California,  Nevada,  Georgia  and  Alabama, 
and  in  the  winter  of  1905-06  he  spent  five  months  in  investigations  in  South  Amer- 
ica on  the  headwaters  of  the  Amazon  river.  •  Of  notably  broad  mind  and  sound 
judgment,  of  indefatigable  energy  and  enterprise,  his  achievements  are  those  of  a 
man  who  has  wisely  used  his  time,  talents  and  opportunities.  From  each  experi- 
ence of  life  he  has  gained  valuable  lessons,  and  there  is  no  one  who  could  speak 
more  entertainingly  and  interestingly  concerning  that  period  in  which  exploration 
and  research  were  bringing  to  light  the  natural  resources  of  the  country. 


CHARLES  JOHN  SOUTH. 

Charles  John  South,  deputy  police  magistrate,  was  born  at  Melbourne,  Aus- 
tralia, August  2,  1850,  his  parents  being  George  Bennett  and  Sara  (Percy)  South. 
His  education  was  acquired  in  the  state  schools  of  Victoria,  Australia,  and  he 
followed  the  vocation  of  an  accountant  until  he  entered  into  active  public  service. 
The  year  1896  witnessed  his  arrival  in  British  Columbia,  and  from  1902  until 
1912  he  was  superintendent  under  the  Children's  Protective  Act  of  British  Colum- 
bia. In  1901  he  became  superintendent  of  the  Children's  Home  and  as  such  proved 
most  capable,  displaying  sound  practical  judgment  and  broad  humanitarianism  in 
shaping  the  policy  and  promoting  the  interests  of  the  institution  and  of  those  in  its 
charge.  For  many  years  he  was  honorary  representative  of  the  Royal  Humane 
Society  of  London,  England,  and  other  important  service  performed  by  him  was 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  317 

that  of  library  commissioner  in  Vancouver  for  a  period  of  two  years.  He  was 
again  called  to  public  office  when  made  justice  of  the  peace  for  British  Columbia, 
and  in  November,  1910,  was  appointed  deputy  police  magistrate  for  the  city  of 
Vancouver. 

Mr.  South  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  E.  B.  Unthank,  a  native  of  York- 
shire, England,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  four  sons  and  two  daughters, 
Percy,  F.  Leslie,  Norman,  A.  Lyndon,  May  and  Woodstock.  The  first  three  are 
married,  while  the  younger  three  are  at  home.  Mr.  South  belongs  to  the  Masonic 
fraternity  .and  is  always  loyal  to  the  beneficent  teachings  of  the  craft.  He  is  an 
earnest  and  active  member  of  the  Methodist  church  and  a  teacher  in  the  Sunday 
school.  His  life  has  been  actuated  by  high  and  honorable  principles,  having  their 
root  in  recognition  of  the  duties  and  obligations  of  man  to  his  fellow  man  and  to 
his  Maker.  His  kindly  spirit,  patience,  geniality  and  ready  understanding  splen- 
didly qualified  him  for  the  work  which  he  did  as  superintendent  of  the  Children's 
Home  and  for  his  labors  in  other  connections,  and  as  police  magistrate  he  often 
embraces  his  opportunity  for  tempering  justice  with  mercy,  thus  calling  out  the 
manhood  of  the  individual. 


ROBERT  WILLIAM  FORD. 

Robert  William  Ford,  manager  of  the  Vancouver  Gas  Company,  to  which  posi- 
tion he  was  appointed  in  December,  1912,  was  born  September  13,  1885,  at 
Stockton-on-Tees,  England,  his  parents  being  William  and  Elizabeth  Ford,  the 
former  a  professional  consulting  gas  engineer.  In  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city  the  son  pursued  his  early  education  and  afterward  attended  Leeds  University, 
pursuing  a  course  in  the  gas  engineering  department  for  several  years,  and  thus 
receiving  comprehensive  technical  training  and  preparation  for  the  line  of  labor 
to  which  he  has  devoted  his  life.  After  leaving  the  university  he  became  connected 
with  the  Middlesborough  (England)  corporation  in  the  line  of  his  profession  and 
remained  in  that  connection  for  several  years,  at  the  same  time  working  with  his 
father  as  consulting  gas  engineer.  Attracted  by  the  growing  opportunities  of  the 
new  world,  he  came  to  Vancouver  in  1910  to  take  the  position  of  assistant  manager 
of  the  Vancouver  Gas  Company,  having  been  appointed  to  the  position  while  in 
London,  where  are  located  the  headquarters  of  the  company.  He  came  at  once  to 
this  city,  where  he  has  since  remained,  and  his  ability  won  him  promotion  to  the 
position  of  manager  in  December,  1912.  He  is  now  ably  and  faithfully  and 
promptly  discharging  the  important  duties  which  devolve  upon  him  in  this  con- 
nection, his  promotion  signifying  the  acceptability  of  his  service  to  the  company. 

Mr.  Ford  is  a  member  of  the  Canadian  and  Rotary  Clubs  and  his  life  principles 
have  their  root  in  his  religious  faith,  which  finds  expression  in  his  membership  in 
St.  John's  Presbyterian  church.  He  has  become  well  known  during  his  residence 
in  Vancouver,  gaining  many  friends  here  and  winning  the  warm  regard  of  those 
with  whom  he  has  been  brought  in  contact. 


FREDERICK  STEELE  JONES. 

A  worthy  son  of  a  worthy  sire,  Frederick  Steele  Jones  occupies  today  an 
iportant  position  in  the  commercial  life  of  Vancouver  as  head  of  the  firm  of 
C.  H.  Jones  &  Son,  Limited,  which  was  founded  by  his  father.  The  firm  is  en- 
gaged in  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  awnings,  tents  and  sails  and  its  trade  con- 
nections are  such  that  it  deserves  to  be  numbered  among  the  foremost  establish- 
ments of  its  kind  in  the  province.  Frederick  S.  Jones  was  born  in  St.  John,  New 
Brunswick,  March  16,  1879,  a  son  of  Charles  Henry  and  Anna  Steele  (Calbraith) 
Jones.  The  father  came  to  Vancouver  in  the  fall  of  1886,  shortly  after  the  his- 


II 


318  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

torical  fire,  and  here  established  himself  in  the  tent  and  awning  business  as  well  as 
that  of  sailmaker,  also  handling  a  general  line  of  canvas  goods.  He  became  well 
and  favorably  known  in  the  commercial  world  of  Vancouver,  which  city  he  made 
his  home  and  business  field  until  his  death,  July  8,  1912. 

Frederick  S.  Jones  .received  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Vancouver 
and  after  laying  aside  his  text-books  entered  his  father's  business,  becoming  thor- 
oughly acquainted  with  its  methods  and  details.  In  1901  he  was  taken  into  part- 
nership, the  name  of  the  firm  becoming  C.  H.  Jones  &  Son.  This  style  is  still  used 
by  the  son,  although  the  father  is  now  deceased,  the  firm  now  being  incorporated 
with  the  word  "Limited"  added  thereto.  The  office  and  factory  of  the  firm 
is  located  at  No.  1 10  Alexander  street,  Vancouver,  and  there  they  not  only  handle 
their  own  goods  but  also  imported  cotton  ducks  and  drillings,  Egyptian  sail  cloths, 
waterproof  silks,  oiled  clothing,  parafine  duck  clothing,  waterproof  canvas  and 
camp  furniture.  Their  goods  are  distributed  through  the  wholesale  trade  as  well 
as  in  the  retail.  Mr.  Jones  is  principally  engaged  in  the  extension  of  his  important 
business  connection  but  also  has  real-estate  interests. 

At  New  Westminster,  on  October  15,  1901,  Frederick  S.  Jones  married  Norma 
Christina,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Augusta  Sword,  and  they  have  become  the 
parents  of  one  child,  Ira  Steele  Jones.  During  the  time  of  the  Fenian  raid  Mr. 
Sword  gave  an  example  of  his  patriotism  as  a  member  of  the  volunteers  and 
recently  in  commemoration  of  his  services  received  a  medal  from  the  Dominion 
government  and  also  a  grant  of  one  hundred  dollars,  which  was  given  to  each  of 
the  volunteers.  The  religious  faith  of  Mr.  Jones  is  that  of  the  Methodist  denomi- 
nation and  politically  he  is  a  conservative,  giving  stanch  support  to  his  party's 
candidates.  One  of  the  progressive  business  men  of  Vancouver,  Mr.  Jones  has 
not  only  attained  to  individual  prosperity  but  has  been  a  factor  in  promoting  com- 
mercial expansion  and  is  interested  in  all  measures  intended  to  advance  the  gen- 
eral welfare. 


HARRY  ALLEN  BELYEA. 

Harry  Allen  Belyea,  of  the  firm  of  H.  A.  Belyea  &  Company  of  New  West- 
minster, is  successfully  engaged  in  business  as  a  dealer  in  coal  and  wood  and 
has  also  built  up  an  extensive  patronage  in  all  kinds  of  teaming  and  transfer 
work.  His  birth  occurred  in  Ashland,  Carleton  county,  New  Brunswick,  on  the 
8th  of  September,  1868,  his  parents  being  Henry  Albert  and  Millicent  (Nevers) 
Belyea,  who  spent  their  entire  lives  in  the  province  of  New  Brunswick.  In  early 
manhood  the  father  was  for  several  years  engaged  as  a  stage  driver  from  Wood- 
stock to  River  du  Loup,  but  subsequently  turned  his  attention  to  agricultural 
pursuits,  following  farming  until  called  to  his  final  rest  in  1908,  when  eighty-two 
years  of  age.  His  wife  passed  away  at  the  age  of  sixty-eight  years. 

Harry  Allen  Belyea  attended  the  country  schools  of  his  native  county  in  the 
acquirement  of  an  education.  In  1886,  only  a  few  days  prior  to  his  eighteenth 
birthday,  he  left  the  parental  roof  and  made  his  way  to  Emporium,  Pennsyl- 
vania, spending  about  a  year  in  the  lumber  woods.  Subsequently  he  went  to 
Menominee,  Michigan,  where  he  drove  a  team  in  the  lumber  woods  and  also 
engaged  in  river  driving.  At  the  end  of  eleven  months,  however,  he  went  west 
to  Tacoma,  Washington,  and  there  took  a  contract  to  cut  shingle  bolts  in 
association  with  George  T.  Reid,  being  thus  engaged  with  excellent  success  for 
about  eighteen  months.  In  the  spring  of  1890  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and 
secured  employment  as  a  driver  for  W.  E.  Dickinson,  a  truck  and  dray  man,  in 
whose  service  he  remained  for  about  three  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that 
period  he  accepted  a  position  with  Gilley  Brothers,  for  which  firm  he  drove 
for  about  six  years  and  was  then  appointed  foreman  of  their  extensive  team- 
ing operations.  After  about  three  years  spent  in  that  capacity,  he  resigned  the 
position  and  founded  the  firm  of  H.  A.  Belyea  &  Company,  his  partners  in  the 


HARRY  A.  BELYEA 


321 

enterprise  being  Thomas  Stoddart  and  Rupert  Fulton,  who  are  still  associated 
in  business  with  him.  The  newly  organized  concern  bought  out  the  teaming 
business  of  Crane  Brothers  and  began  operations  on  their  own  account.  They 
embarked  in  the  coal  business  in  addition  to  teaming  and  are  now  among  the 
leading  coal  dealers  in  New  Westminster.  The  success  of  the  enterprise  is 
attributable  in  no  small  measure  to  the  excellent  management  of  Mr.  Belyea, 
who  is  a  man  of  sound  judgment  and  keen  discernment  in  business  affairs.  He 
deserves  great  credit  for  what  he  has  accomplished,  having  worked  his  way 
steadily  upward  from  a  humble  position  in  the  business  world  to  one  of  pros- 
perity and  prominence. 

On  the  26th  of  July,  1892,  Mr.  Belyea  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Eliza- 
beth Stickney,  of  New  Westminster,  a  daughter  of  William  Stickney,  who  came 
to  British  Columbia  from  New  Brunswick  late  in  the  '8os.  Our  subject  and  his 
wife  have  one  son,  Frank  Percival,  of  Daysland,  Alberta.  Mr.  Belyea  belongs 
to  the  Westminster  Board  of  Trade  and  fraternally  is  identified  with  Royal  City 
Lodge,  No.  3,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  and  Granite  Lodge,  No.  6,  K.  P.  He  attends  and 
contributes  to  the  support  of  the  Baptist  church,  of  which  his  wife  is  a  devoted 
member.  They  are  widely  and  favorably  known  throughout  New  Westminster, 
having  won  the  unqualified  confidence  and  regard  of  all  with  whom  they  have 
come  in  contact  during  the  long  period  of  their  residence  here. 


ROBERT  J.  SPROTT. 

Undoubtedly  the  central  figure  in  educational  circles  of  British  Columbia  along 
commercial  lines  is  Robert  J.  Sprott,  president  of  the  Vancouver  Business  Insti- 
tute and  one  of  the  most  able  and  progressive  educators  in  the  province.  His  in- 
fluence, indeed,  extends  beyond  provincial  boundaries,  for  under  his  able  manage- 
ment the  school  of  which  he  is  at  the  head  has  become  the  second  largest  of  its 
kind  in  the  Dominion — a  worthy  memorial  to  the  constructive  intelligence,  the 
broad  and  scholarly  attainments  and  the  administrative  ability  of  the  man  who 
founded  it  and  who  controls  its  destinies.  Mr.  Sprott  has  devoted  practically  all 
of  his  active  career  to  educational  work  and,  constantly  following  high  ideals  and 
adhering  to  practical  modern  standards,  his  influence  has  been  felt  as  a  force  for 
progress  in  intellectual  circles  of  the  communities  where  he  has  made  his  home. 
He  was  born  in  Grey  county,  Ontario,  on  the  ist  of  March,  1873,  and  is  a  son 
of  Henry  and  Jane  (Morrison)  Sprott,  the  former  a  native  of  Quebec  and  the 
latter  of  Ontario.  On  both  sides  Mr.  Sprott  is  a  descendant  of  old  families,  the 
members  of  whjch  have  been  prominent  in  military  affairs,  the  paternal  ancestors 
having  been  officers  in  the  English  army  as  far  back  as  the  time  of  William  of 
Orange,  and  the  maternal  grandfather,  Robert  Morrison,  having  served  as  a  soldier 
in  the  Fenian  raid  in  Ontario.  The  parents  of  our  subject  resided  in  Grey  county, 
that  province,  until  the  spring  of  1909,  when  they  moved  to  Vancouver,  where  the 
father  is  now  living  in  retirement,  giving  supervision,  however,  to  his  large  farm- 
ing interests  in  Ontario. 

Robert  J.  Sprott  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
community  and  was  afterward  graduated  from  Toronto  University,  taking  honors 
in  modern  languages,  English  and  history.  After  spending  one  year  on  the  con- 
tinent of  Europe  perfecting  himself  in  his  chosen  branches  he  entered  Ontario 
Normal  College  and  there  spent  one  year,  turning  his  attention  at  the  end  of  that 
time  to  teaching  in  the  Oshawa  and  Mitchell  Collegiate  Institutes,  gaining  marked 
distinction  in  this  field.  His  ability  brought  to  him  the  appointment  to  a  lecture- 
ship in  St.  John's  Collegej  University  of  Manitoba,  and  after  spending  some  time  in 
this  line  of  work  he  was  appointed  senior  fellow  in  the  department  of  romance  lan- 
guages in  the  University  of  Chicago.  When  he  resigned  this  in  1905  he  came  to 
Vancouver  and  in  the  same  year  established  the  Vancouver  Business  Institute,  of 
which  he  has  since  been  president,  the  credit  for  its  phenomenal  growth  and  sub- 


322 

stantial  success  being  due  entirely  to  his  genius  for  organization  and  his  knowledge 
of  everything  connected  with  commercial  school  work.  Realizing  the  need  of 
thoroughness  in  an  institution  of  this  kind,  Mr.  Sprott  employs  none  but  the  best 
teachers  and  his  school  courses  are  taught  in  the  best  manner  known  to  modern 
pedagogy.  These  are  at  all  times  practical,  departments  having  been  established 
in  which  pupils  can  be  fitted  for  almost  any  place  in  the  modern  business  world. 
The  attendance  has  increased  steadily  since  the  foundation  of  the  institute,  being 
now  three  hundred  and  seventy-five,  this  number  including  the  pupils  in  the  even- 
ing classes.  The  school's  continued  growth  has  brought  to  it  the  distinction  of 
being  the  second  largest  institution  of  its  kind  in  Canada  but  with  size  is  coupled 
that  more  necessary  qualification — thoroughness  in  all  branches — it  being  also  one 
of  the  best  and  most  intelligently  managed  educational  institutions  in  the  Do- 
minion. Courses  are  offered  in  stenography,  typewriting  and  bookkeeping  and 
besides  these  ordinary  branches  there  are  special  courses  in  mathematics,  embrac- 
ing the  higher  departments  and  preparing  the  pupils  for  positions  as  chartered 
accountants,  and  courses  in  salesmanship  and  advertising.  There  is  also  a  course 
in  civil  service  and,  contrary  to  the  rule  of  most  schools  of  this  type,  both  the  Pit- 
man and  Gregg  systems  of  shorthand  are  taught.  Mr.  Sprott  has  become  a 
specialist  along  lines  of  business  education  and  his  ability,  becoming  generally 
known  and  recognized,  has  carried  him  forward  into  important  educational  rela- 
tions. He  is  now  president  of  the  New  Westminster  Modern  Business  School  and 
of  the  Nanaimo  Business  School,  having  founded  the  former  in  1910  and  the 
latter  in  1912.  The  New  Westminster  institution  is  the  only  one  of  its  kind  in  the 
city  and  the  Nanaimo  school,  although  still  in  its  infancy,  is  progressing  well  and 
promises  to  be  of  the  same  high  standards  as  the  others  which  have  prospered  so 
greatly  under  the  careful  guidance  and  able  management  of  their  founder.  In 
purely  business  lines  Mr.  Sprott  is  chairman  of  the  board  of  directors  for  British 
Columbia  of  the  Western  Empire  Life  Insurance  Company. 

In  Vancouver,  on  the  2Oth  of  October,  1910,  Mr.  Sprott  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Beatrice  Van  Sickle,  a  daughter  of  Rev.  M.  Van  Sickle,  of  this  city. 
Mr.  Sprott  gives  his  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  but  is  not  active  in  politics, 
preferring  to  devote  all  his  attention  to  his  educational  interests.  A  man  of  broad 
views,  of  scholarly  attainments  and  progressive  in  spirit,  he  has  risen  to  promi- 
nence in  the  special  field  to  which  he  has  devoted  his  energies  and  talents  and  his 
powers  have  steadily  developed  during  the  years,  influencing  and  raising  general 
educational  standards  throughout  the  province.  To  Vancouver  he  has  given  an 
institution  which  is  practically  perfect  of  its  kind  and  the  influence  of  which  upon 
the  future  business  life  of  the  city  is  almost  impossible  to  estimate. 


MALCOLM  ALEXANDER  MAcLEAN. 

Few  men  were  more  familiar  with  the  history  of  western  Canada  from  Win- 
nipeg to  the  coast  than  was  Malcolm  Alexander  MacLean,  and  his  value  as  a 
citizen  of  Vancouver  was  widely  acknowledged.  He  arrived  in  Vancouver  when 
the  district  was  almost  an  uninhabited  wilderness,  the  site  of  the  city  being  largely 
covered  by  magnificent  pine  forests.  From  the  time  of  his  arrival  he  showed  a 
public-spirited  interest  in  municipal  affairs,  and  as  time  went  on,  his  efforts  for 
the  upbuilding  and  improvement  of  the  city  were 'far-reaching  and  beneficial. 

Mr.  MacLean  was  a  native  of  Tiree  and  was  therefore  a  highlander,  the 
son  of  Allan  and  Jane  MacLean,  who  brought  their  family  to  Canada  in  1850 
and  settled  in  the  province  of  Ontario.  Although  only  a  child  when  he  came 
to  Canada,  Mr.  MacLean  had  learned  the  language  of  the  Celt,  and  throughout 
his  life  he  practiced  the  tongue  so  dear  to  the  people  of  the  north,  and  never  for- 
got it,  conversing  with  brother  Celts  fluently.  He  began  his  education  in  the 
public  schools  of  Ontario,  attended  grammar  school  at  Manilla,  and  subsequently 
took  up  teaching  as  a  profession;  but  only  for  a  time,  as  he  was  desirous  of 


MALCOLM  A.  MACLEAN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  325 

studying  medicine  and  purposed  becoming  a  doctor.  When  serious  financial 
reverses  overtook  his  elder  brother,  who  was>  engaged  in  the  lumbering  business, 
Mr.  MacLean  turned  over  all  his  savings  to  help  his  brother  in  meeting  his  obli- 
gations, and  his  plans  for  entering  upon  the  study  of  medicine  were  thereby 
abandoned.  This  act  was  characteristic  of  the  man  throughout  his  life.  He 
was  not  only  generous  in  spirit,  but  capable,  and  in  the  hour  of  need  proved 
"a  friend  indeed"  to  many.  After  making  his  gift  to  his  brother  he  decided  to 
prepare  himself  for  a  business  career,  and  entered  Eastman's  Business  College 
at  Poughkeepsie,  New  York.  After  finishing  his  course  there  he  entered  the 
New  York  office  of  the  Cunard  Steamship  Company,  where  he  remained  for 
several  years.  Later  he  returned  to  Canada  and  engaged  in  business  in  Oshawa 
and  Dundas  and  again  in  Toronto,  where  he  received  the  government  appoint- 
ment of  official  assignee.  When  the  exodus  to  the  west  began  Mr.  MacLean 
joined  a  party  of  business  men  and  set  out  for  Winnipeg,  then  a  comparatively 
small  city.  Here  he  became  one  of  the  leading  wholesale  merchants  and  acquired 
a  large  fortune.  He  extended  his  operations  to  the  real-estate  field  in  company 
with  his  brother-in-law,  the  late  A.  W.  Ross,  for  many  years  member  of  the 
Dominion  house  for  Lisgar.  Like  hundreds  of  others  Mr.  MacLean  suffered 
severely  in  the  collapse  of  the  boom  in  the  early  '8os,  and  leaving  Winnipeg,  he 
settled  on  a  farm  at  Qu'Appelle.  This  he  developed  into  a  magnificent  stock 
farm,  which  became  a  center  of  hospitality  in  that  part  of  the  northwest.  Many 
newcomers  from  the  old  country  sought  the  advice  and  assistance  of  Mr.  Mac- 
Lean  in  those  days  because  of  his  thorough  knowledge  of  the  country,  good 
judgment  and  willingness  to  assist  others,  and  among  the  guests  who  visited 
Laggan  Stock  Farm  were  counted  many  distinguished  names.  The  Saskatchewan 
rebellion  broke  out  at  this  time,  and  although  Mr.  MacLean's  farm  was  sur- 
rounded by  bands  of  Indians,  his  fair  treatment  of  the  redskins  and  uniform 
kindness  saved  him  from  molestation. 

Looking  for  more  encouraging  conditions  still  further  west,  Mr.  MacLean 
left  his  wife  and  children  in  eastern  Canada  and  made  his  way  to  the  Pacific 
coast,  reaching  Vancouver  by  way  of  San  Francisco  about  the  end  of  Decem- 
ber, 1885.  He  opened  a  real-estate  office,  again  in  company  with  his  brother- 
in-law,  the  late  A.  W.  Ross,  and  became  very  active  in  public  affairs.  He  was 
one  of  those  who  were  instrumental  in  bringing  about  the  incorporation  of  Van- 
couver as  a  city  in  the  year  1886,  and  was  elected  its  first  mayor.  A  short  time 
after  the  city's  incorporation  occurred  the  great  fire  which  swept  away  the  entire 
settlement.  Then  it  was  that  Mr.  MacLean  did  heroic  work  for  the  stricken 
and  homeless.  His  wide  acquaintance  with  eastern  business  men  enabled  him 
to  do  much  personally  toward  bringing  speedy  relief  and  liberal  assistance  to 
\  ancouver.  His  management  of  a  trying  situation  was  admirable.  In  1887  he 
was  reelected  by  a  large  majority.  During  the  two  years  in  which  he  filled  the 
mayor's  chair  he  gave  his  services  freely,  and  declined  to  accept  any  salary 
throughout  that  time.  He  lost  heavily  in  the  fire,  but  his  courageous  spirit  did 
not  desert  him  and  his  character  developed  and  his  worth  became  more  and  more 
appreciated.  In  1888  he  became  police  magistrate,  a  position  which  he  held  for 

al  years.  While  on  the  bench  he  tried  some  sixteen  hundred  cases  and  but 
few  of  them  were  appealed.  In  the  first  two  years  of  the  city's  life  he  agitated 
the  setting  aside  of  tracts  of  land  for  park  purposes  in  various  parts  of  the  city, 
arguing  that  the  time  would  come  when  Vancouver  would  require  breathing 

s,  and  that  the  cos^  of  such  land  would  be  heavy  in  days  to  come.  The 
councils  of  those  early  days  did  not  agree  with  this  view  and  Mr.  MacLean 
found  it  impossible  to  carry  out  one  of  his  cherished  schemes.  He  was  able 
lo  a  great  deal,  however,  towards  securing  Stanley  park  for  the  people 
<-f  Vancouver,  with  the  assistance  of  Mr.  A.  W.  Ross,  then  a  member  of  parlia- 
ment for  the  Dominion  house,  and  other  public-spirited  men.  Mr.  MacLean  was 
deeply  interested  in  immigration  and  foresaw 'the  part  that  immigration  was  to 

in  the  building  up  of  the  west.  In  this  connection  he  undertook  important 
work  for  the  government  and  was  the  means  of  inducing  large  colonies  of  Cana- 


326  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

dians,  who  had  gone  to  the  United  States  of  America  some  years  before,  to 
return  to  the  northwest  wheat  fields  and  to  the  promising  districts  of  British 
Columbia.  He  contributed  a  number  of  articles  to  the  Scottish  American  and 
various  old  country  journals  bearing  on  the  brilliant  future  of  Canada,  more  par- 
ticularly the  west. 

In  all  that  he  undertook  Mr.  MacLean  was  ably  assisted  by  his  wife,  who 
•was  Miss  Margaret  Cattanach,  a  member  of  one  of  the  best  known  families  of 
Ontario,  also  of  highland  blood.  During  her  long  residence  in  Vancouver  Mrs. 
MacLean  has  associated  herself  preeminently  with  good  works  and  given  a  help- 
ing hand  to  many.  Five  children  were  born  of  the  marriage,  three  daughters 
and  two  sons:  Ethelwynne  Kate;  Alexandra  Isabel  Ross;  and  Constance  Mary, 
who  became  the  wife  of  LeRoy  Eraser  Grant,  civil  engineer  and  a  graduate  of 
Kingston  Military  College;  Duart  Cluny  Cattanach;  and  Malcolm  Mackenzie 
Gordon. 

In  the  spring  of  1895  Mr.  MacLean  received  the  appointment  of  stipendiary 
magistrate  for  the  county  of  Vancouver,  but  he  never  sat  on  the  bench,  for  death 
came  to  him,  after  a  few  weeks  of  illness,  on  the  4th  of  April  in  that  year.  In 
his  passing  Vancouver  lost  one  of  her  most  valued  and  honored  residents.  He 
was  the  organizer  of  the  Pioneer  Society  and  its  first  president.  He  founded 
likewise  the  St.  Andrew's  and  Caledonian  Society  and  the  Highland  Society  and 
was  the  first  president  of  both.  He  was  a  forceful  and  gifted  speaker,  many 
of  his  addresses  being  of  a  high  order.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian 
church,  and  his  entire  life  was  actuated  by  high  and  honorable  principles  that 
made  his  example  and  his  labors  a  force  for  good.  None  questioned  the  integ- 
rity of  his  motives,  and  all  acknowledged  the  worth  of  his  public  service,  ranking 
him  with  one  of  the  west's  most  valued  pioneers. 


THOMAS    KIRKPATRICK. 

Prominent  among  the  energetic,  enterprising  and  successful  business  men  of 
Vancouver  is  Thomas  Kirkpatrick,  shingle  manufacturer,  whose  interests  are 
extensive  and  of  growing  importance.  He  was  born  at  Kirkshill,  Parsboro,  Cum- 
berland county,  Nova  Scotia,  December  10,  1864,  his  parents  being  Alexander 
and  Eliza  (Mason)  Kirkpatrick,  the  family  being  of  Irish  descent  and  both 
parents  passed  away  in  Nova  Scotia.  The  father  was  among  the  early  settlers 
of  that  section  of  Nova  Scotia  in  which  his  son  Thomas  was  born.  The  latter 
was  reared  upon  his  father's  farm  and  his  education  was  acquired  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  province.  In  1883,  when  nineteen  years  of  age,  he  went 
to  Boston,  Massachusetts,  where  he  was  variously  employed  for  two  years,  and 
in  April,  1886,  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  having  been  urged  in  a  letter  from 
a  friend  to  try  the  extreme  west,  settling  in  Vancouver,  which  city  had  but  been 
brought  under  municipal  form  of  government  and  named  in  that  year.  He  first 
earned  his  livelihood  by  driving  stage  between  Vancouver  and  New  Westminster. 
He  has  since  been  an  interested  witness  of  the  growth  of  the  city  and  its  develop- 
ment and  has  borne  an  important  part  in  the  work  of  progress  and  improvement, 
especially  through  the  development  of  his  business  interests,  which  have  been 
a  factor  in  bringing  about  its  present  commercial  greatness.  Soon  after  the 
fire  of  1886,  he  entered  the  employ  of  George  Slater  in  the  shingle  manufactur- 
ing business  and  remained  with  him  for  two  years,  after  which  he  started  in 
business  on  his  own  account  at  Port  Moody,  under  the  firm  name  of  Kirkpat- 
rick &  Hartsell,  there  renting  a  small  mill,  which  he  operated  for  two  years.  He 
gained  a  good  start  in  business  there  and  in  1890  he  built  a  scow,  the  relic  of 
which  now  lies  in  the  yard  of  his  present  mill,  a  reminder  of  the  early  days,  on 
which  he  erected  a  shingle  mill  that  he  operated  for  two  years  on  False  creek, 
near  the  foot  of  Burrard  street.  He  next  purchased  a  mill  site  at  Cedar  Cove, 
to  which  location  he  removed  his  mill.  In  1900  he  sold  his  old  plant  and  bought 


THOMAS  KIRKPATRICK 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  329 

the  Archibald  McNair  mill  at  Hastings,  which  he  still  operates,  and  in  1902, 
his  mill  at  Cedar  Cove  having  been  destroyed  by  fire,  he  purchased  the  Welsh 
mill  at  New  Westminster  and  built  an  additional  mill  at  Hastings,  thus  having 
two  mills  there.  In  1904  the  mill  at  New  Westminster  was  destroyed  by  fire, 
entailing  a  large  financial  loss.  However,  he  continues  in  the  shingle  manufac- 
turing business  to  the  present  time,  operating  his  mills  at  Hastings,  and  his  out- 
put is  large,  his  products  selling  throughout  Ontario  and  the  northwest.  In 
fact,  he  is  at  the  head  of  one  of  the  important  productive  industries  of  his  sec- 
tion, having  a  well  equipped  plant,  while  the  finished  product  which  he  turns  out, 
because  of  its  excellence  and  durability,  finds  a  ready  sale  on  the  market.  More- 
over, in  his  dealings  he  is  a  man  of  unimpeachable  integrity,  fair  and  square  in 
all  business  transactions,  his  course  proving  an  exemplification  of  the  old  adage 
that  honesty  is  the  best  policy.  As  he  has  prospered  in  his  undertakings  he  has 
invested  in  realty  in  Vancouver  and  vicinity  and  his  holdings  are  now  extensive. 
On  the  i8th  of  September,  1890,  Mr.  Kirkpatrick  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Elizabeth  Brander,  a  native  of  Halifax  and  of  Scotch  descent,  her  father 
being  Robert  Brander,  of  Halifax.  Their  children  are:  Earl  Alexander,  who 
graduated  from  McGill  University  on  May  13,  1913;  and  Robert  Huntley,  for 
two  years  a  student  in  the  Vancouver  branch  of  AIcGill  University.  The  family 
are  Presbyterians  in  religious  faith.  Mr.  Kirkpatrick  is  a  conservative  in  pol- 
itics and,  like  all  loyal  citizens,  feels  an  interest  in  the  political  situation  of  the 
day.  He  served  as  alderman  of  Vancouver,  having  entered  upon  his  first  term 
in  1909  and  still  serves  in  that  office  laboring  to  promote  the  municipal  welfare. 
His  social  nature  finds  expression  in  his  membership  in  the  Terminal  City  and 
Commercial  Clubs.  Men  know  him  to  be  forceful  and  resourceful,  capable  and 
determined,  and  he  belongs,  moreover,  to  that  class  of  men  who  owe  their 
advancement  and  enviable  position  to  their  own  efforts. 


ARCHIBALD  L.  TEETZEL. 

Since  the  fall  of  1907  Archibald  L.  Teetzel  has  figured  in  business  circles  in 
Vancouver  in  connection  with  the  hardware  trade  and  is  now  conducting  a  whole- 
sale business  along  that  line  under  the  firm  name  of  Macpherson  &  Teetzel 
although  he  is  now  sole  proprietor.  His  business  in  this  connection  has  assumed 
extensive  proportions  and  yet  does  not  entirely  cover  the  range  of  his  activities, 
for  in  other  fields  he  is  also  laboring  successfully.  He  was  born  in  western 
Ontario  in  1880,  his  parents  being  James  E.  and  Julia  (Leitch)  Teetzel,  who  were 
also  natives  of  that  province.  The  father  was  a  civil  engineer  and  practiced  his 
profession  in  Ontario  until  he  retired  from  active  business  in  1906.  He  then  came 
to  Vancouver,  where  he  and  his  wife  still  reside,  Mr.  Teetzel  now  enjoying  the 
rest  which  should  ever  follow  earnest,  persistent  and  honorable  effort. 

Archibald  L.  Teetzel  is  indebted  to  the  grade  and  high  schools  of  Ontario 
for  the  educational  opportunities  afforded  him,  and  when  his  education  was  com- 
pleted he  secured  a  position  as  clerk  in  a  general  store  in  Ontario,  where  he  re- 
mained for  eight  years.  No  higher  testimonial  of  his  fidelity  and  capability  could 
be  given  than  the  fact  that  he  was  retained  in  one  employ  for  so  long  a  period. 
In  April,  1901,  he  arrived  in  Vancouver  and  immediately  afterward  accepted  the 
position  of  traveling  salesman  with  the  firm  of  Ramsey  Brothers,  wholesale 
grocers,  who  were  represented  throughout  the  provinces  of  British  Columbia  and 
Alberta,  continuing  in  that  work  for  six  years.  He  resigned  his  position  at  the 
beginning  of  the  year  1907  in  order  to  engage  in  the  wholesale  and  retail  grocery 
business  at  Nelson,  British  Columbia,  in  which  he  was  associated  with  R.  M. 
Hood,  formerly  a  traveling  salesman  for  W.  H.  Malkin  &  Company  of  Vancouver, 
under  the  firm  style  of  Hood  &  Teetzel.  Eight  months  later  he  sold  out  to  his 
partner  and  in  the  fall  of  1907  became  a  resident  of  Vancouver,  where  he  entered 
into  business  relations  with  D.  Macpherson.  They  established  a  wholesale  hard- 


330  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

ware  business  under  the  firm  name  of  Macpherson  &  Teetzel  and  a  year  later  Mr. 
Teetzel  purchased  his  partner's  interest,  since  which  time  he  has  been  sole  pro- 
prietor, although  the  business  is  still  conducted  under  the  original  firm  name.  The 
business  has  steadily  grown,  and  in  addition  to  its  extensive  trade  in  shelf  and 
heavy  hardware  represents,  as  manufacturing  agents,  the  William  Buck  Stove 
Company,  Ltd.,  of  Brantford,  Ontario.  The  firm  handles  all  kinds  of  hardware 
and  household  utensils,  selling  only  to  the  wholesale  trade,  .and  as  the  years  have 
passed  on  the  business  has  constantly  grown  until  it  has  now  assumed  large  pro- 
portions. In  January,  1912,  Mr.  Teetzel  organized  the  Pacific  Rubber  Tire  & 
Repair  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver,  of  which  he  is  the  president  and  manager. 
The  plant  is  located  at  No.  1259  Granville  street,  and  they  are  agents  for  the 
Firestone  tires. 

In  January,  1906,  at  Revelstoke,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Teetzel  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Grace  Love,  of  Ontario,  and  they  have  four  daughters:  Grace 
Eileen,  Audrey,  Jean  Julia  and  Flora.  The  parents  are  members  of  St.  John's 
Presbyterian  church  and  Mr.  Teetzel  is  also  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows.  He  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  Auto  Club,  Vancouver  Commer- 
cial Club  and  the  Board  of  Trade,  and  is  a  cooperant  factor  in  various  measures 
and  movements  which  are  factors  in  the  public  welfare.  In  his  business  life  he 
is  determined  a'nd  energetic.  His  plans  are  well  formulated  and  carefully  exe- 
cuted and  he  carries  forward  to  successful  completion  whatever  he  undertakes. 
Although, one  of  the  younger  merchants  of  the  city,  he  has  steadily  advanced  and 
has  made  for  himself  an  enviable  position  in  commercial  circles  of  Vancouver. 


GEORGE    CLIFFORD    HINTON. 

George  Clifford  Hinton,  of  Vancouver,  was  connected  with  the  construction 
of  the  first  street  railway  and  electric  lighting  system  of  the  province,  and  is 
today  actively  and  successfully  engaged  in  business  as  head  of  the  firm  of  George 
C.  Hinton  &  Company,  consulting  electrical  engineers  and  dealers  in  and  manu- 
facturers of  electrical  and  steam  machinery.  Other  corporations  have  also 
profited  by  his  cooperation,  his  sound  judgment  and  his  enterprising  spirit,  his 
business  activities  haying  constituted  an  important  element  in  general  develop- 
ment in  this  section  of  the  country.  He  was  born  in  Ottawa,  Ontario,  July  27, 
1868,  and  is  a  son  of  Robert  and  Lila  (Hyde)  Hinton,  the  former  extensively 
engaged  in  farming  and  in  the  timber  business  in  Ontario.  The  father  came 
to  Canada  in  1810  from  Belfast,  Ireland,  settling  in  Carleton  county,  near 
Ottawa,  Ontario.  He  engaged  in  farming,  acquiring  large  tracts  of  land,  por- 
tions of  which  were  devoted  to  general  agricultural  pursuits,  in  addition  to 
which  he  had  extensive  timber  and  lumber  interests. 

George  C.  Hinton  began  his  education  at  the  usual  age  as  a  public-school 
pupil  of  Ottawa,  and  in  the  Collegiate  Institute  of  that  city  continued  his  studies 
until  1882,  when  he  made  his  initial  step  in  the  business  world  as  an  appren- 
tice in  the  boiler  making  and  machine  department  of  Fleck's  Machine  Works  at 
Ottawa,  completing  the  full  term  of  his  indenture — three  years.  In  1886  he 
entered  the  employ  of  the  Electric  Company  at  Ottawa,  with  which  he  re- 
mained until  1889,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  assisting  in  the  con- 
struction of  the  electric  street  railway  and  electric  lighting  system  of  Vic- 
toria, which  was  the  first  electric  street  railway  to  be  built  in  the  province.  Mr. 
Hinton  was  actively  engaged  in  that  work  until  1899,  when  he  came  to  Van- 
couver and  established  an  independent  business  on  his  own  account.  In  this 
he  has  since  continued,  operating  under  the  name  of  George  C.  Hinton  &  Com- 
pany. From  a  business  established  on  a  comparatively  small  scale,  it  has 
grown  to  large  proportions.  They  are  consulting  electrical  engineers,  dealers  in 
and  manufacturers  of  electrical  and  steam  machinery  and  general  electrical  con- 
tractors for  power  and  lighting  plants.  In  fact,  their  business  covers  the  entire 


GEORGE  C.  HINTON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  333 

scope  of  activity  along  those  lines  and  their  patronage  has  steadily  grown,  for  they 
have  shown  themselves  to  be  masters  of  everything  connected  with  electrical 
equipment  and  construction.  Mr.  Hinton,  through  practical  experience  and  wide 
reading,  has  constantly  broadened  his  knowledge,  and  his  scientific  attainments,  as 
well  as  practical  skill,  place  him  with  the  leaders  in  this  field.  Mr.  Hinton  also 
has  other  extensive  financial  and  commercial  interests,  being  an  officer  or  direc- 
tor in  a  number  of  corporations  and  companies,  including  the  Burton  Saw  Works, 
Ltd. ;  the  Western  Gypsum  Company,  Ltd.,  and  the  Campbell  River  Power  Com- 
pany, of  all  of  which  he  is  a  director.  He  also  staked  and  acquired  the  water 
rights  on  Stave  river  and  was  on  the  first  directorate  superintending  the  early 
development.  His  judgment  is  never  hastily  formed  and  the  soundness  of  his 
opinions  is  indicated  in  the  excellent  results  which  have  attended  his  efforts  and 
his  management  of  important  commercial  and  industrial  interests. 

On  the  ist  of  November,  1894,  at  Olympia,  Washington,  Mr.  Hinton  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Gertrude  Elizabeth  Carlyon,  a  daughter  of  William 
Carlyon,  formerly  of  Cornwall,  England,  but  who  in  1895  went  to  Victoria, 
British  Columbia,  where  he  lived  retired  until  his  death  in  1901.  The  children 
of  this  marriage  are  Gerald  Lome,  Gertrude  Irene  and  Doris.  Mr.  Hinton  is 
a  member  of  Cascade  Lodge  No.  12,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  of  the  Anglican  church, 
and  in  his  life  exemplifies  the  faith  and  principles  of  both.  Socially  he  is  con- 
nected with  the  Terminal  City  and  Burnaby  Country  Clubs.  Throughout  his 
entire  career  his  advancement  has  come  as  the  result  of  well  defined  capabilities 
and  powers  intelligently  directed  the  wise  utilization  of  opportunities,  and  an 
understanding  of  conditions  in  the  special  field  of  business  in  which  he  has 
labored.  Gradually  he  has  climbed  upward,  and  diligence,  determination  and 
reliability  have  constituted  the  rounds  of  the  ladder  on  which  he  has  mounted. 


CHARLES  JAMES  KAY. 

Charles  James  Kay  is  the  vice  president  of  the  Columbia  Paper  Company  of 
Vancouver  and  thus  occupies  a  leading  position  in  business  circles.  The  secret  of 
his  success  lies  largely  in  the  fact  that  he  has  always  continued  in  the  line  of  busi- 
ness in  which  he  embarked  as  a  young  tradesman,  thoroughly  acquainting  himself 
with  every  phase  of  the  paper  trade  as  the  years  have  gone  by.  He  has  thus 
become  well  qualified  for  the  active  management  and  control  of  an  important 
enterprise  of  this  character.  He  was  born  in  Dundee,  Scotland,  March  7,  1876, 
and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Jane  (Kenneth)  Kay,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of 
Dundee.  The  father  came  to  Canada  in  1908  and  now  resides  in  Okanagan, 
where  he  is  living  retired. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Dundee  and  Edinburgh,  Charles  James  Kay  pursued 
his  education,  passing  through  consecutive  grades  to  the  high  school.  He  after- 
ward entered  a  large  paper  mill  at  Polton,  Scotland,  just  outside  of  Edinburgh, 
and  there  learned  the  trade  of  paper  making,  serving  a  five  years'  apprenticeship, 
thus  gaining  thorough  knowledge  of  the  business.  He  afterward  went  to  Guard- 
bridge,  Scotland,  where  he  acquainted  himself  with  both  the  mechanical  and  com- 
mercial phases  of  the  business,  remaining  there  until  1903,  when  he  came  to 
Canada.  He  spent  one  year  in  Windsor  Mills  at  Quebec  "as  cashier,  clerk  and 
assistant  manager  of  the  Canadian  Paper  Company,  Ltd.,  and  later  went  to  Rum- 
ford  Falls,  Maine,  where  he  acted  as  night  foreman  for  the  Oxford  Paper  Com- 
pany. He  next  removed  to  Antioch,  California,  where  he  became  mill  manager 
for  the  California  Paper  Mills,  continuing  in  that  position  for  three  years.  On  the 
expiration  of  that  period,  in  1908,  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  was  with  the  firm  of 
Smith,  Davidson  &  Wright,  Ltd.,  until  1911,  when  he  joined  K.  A.  Smeed  and 
\Y.  W.  Wolfenden  in  organizing  the  Columbia  Paper  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which 
he  is  vice  president  and  manager.  They  are  wholesale  jobbers  and  importers  of 
all  kinds  of  writing  paper,  wrapping  paper,  novelty  papers,  paper  boxes,  and  stock 


334  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

for  use  in  the  highest  class  of  printing  and  engraving.  Their  business  has  reached 
extensive  proportions,  having  been  developed  along  lines  which  have  resulted  in 
a  constant  increase  in  their  trade.  The  reputation  of  the  house  is  an  unassailable 
one  and  their  success  is  the  direct  outcome  of  close  application,  capable  manage- 
ment and  enterprising  methods. 

In  1907  Mr.  Kay  was  married  in  Cambus,  Scotland,  to  Miss  Agnes  Luttie,  of 
that  country,  and  they  have  an  extensive  circle  of  warm  friends  in  Vancouver. 
While  in  Scotland  Mr.  Kay  served  for  six  years  in  the  Volunteers,  three  years 
in  the  Royal  Scots  and  three  in  the  Black  Watch.  He  is  also  active  in  cricket, 
football  and  golf  circles.  He  votes  with  the  conservative  party  but  has  never  been 
an  active  politician,  preferring  to  concentrate  his  energies  upon  his  business  affairs 
which  have  been  of  constantly  growing  importance.  Both  he  and  his  wife  are 
Presbyterians  in  faith,  taking  an  active  and  helpful  interest  in  the  work  of  St. 
Andrew's  Presbyterian  church. 


KARL  ALFRED  SMEED. 

Karl  Alfred  Smeed  is  the  president  of  the  Columbia  Paper  Company,  one  oi 
the  leading  business  concerns  of  Vancouver,  and  in  this  connection  has  built  up  a 
trade  of  large  and  gratifying  proportions.  To  his  present  creditable  position  in 
commercial  circles  he  has  gradually  worked  his  way  upward  and  his  prosperity 
is  the  merited  reward  of  earnest  and  honorable  effort.  He  was  born  in  Toronto, 
Ontario,  November  i,  1876,  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Marion  F.  (Harper)  Smeed, 
both  of  whom  were  natives  of  London,  England.  Their  marriage  was  celebrated 
in  the  metropolis  and  in  1869  they  came  to  Canada,  settling  in  Toronto.  After 
several  years  there  spent  they  removed  to  Winnipeg,  where  the  mother  still  makes 
her  home,  but  the  father  is  now  deceased. 

Karl  A.  Smeed  was  a  young  man  at  the  time  of  the  removal  to  Manitoba, 
and  in  the  public  schools  of  Winnipeg  and  in  Lingfield,  England,  he  pursued  his 
education.  At  length  he  returned  to  Winnipeg,  where  he  entered  a  crockery  store 
in  the  position  of  clerk,  being  there  employed  for  one  year.  He  next  engaged  with 
Parsons,  Bell  &  Company,  stationery  dealers  of  that  city,  who  later  amalgamated 
their  interests  with  O'Loughran  Brothers,  forming  the  Consolidated  Stationery 
Company.  In  1898  he  left  their  office  and  went  upon  the  road  for  the  company 
as  a  traveling  salesman,  his  territory  being  southern  Manitoba  and  Saskatchewan. 
This  brought  him  still  broader  knowledge  of  the  business  in  its  relations  with  the 
trade,  and  he  continued  in  that  position  until  1906,  when  he  entered  the  employ  of 
W.  J.  Gage  &  Company,  Ltd.,  manufacturing  stationers  and  paper  dealers  of 
Toronto,  whom  he  represented  as  a  traveling  salesman  until  the  close  of  the  year 
1910.  In  January,  1911,  seeing  an  opportunity  for  engaging  in  business  on  his  own 
account,  he  joined  Charles  J.  Kay  and  W.  W.  Wolfenden  in  organizing  the  Colum- 
bia Paper  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver,  of  which  he  is  the  president.  This  is 
now  a  well  established  enterprise,  its  ramifying  trade  relations  constantly  reaching 
out,  while  the  volume  of  business  transacted  by  the  house  is  today  most  gratify- 
ing, showing  that  the  firm  has  become  well  established  in  public  regard  through 
its  enterprising  methods. 

EDWARD    CHRISTMAN    KNIGHT. 

Edward  Christman  Knight,  prominently  connected  with  business  interests 
of  Vancouver  as  managing  director  of  the  Vancouver  Lumber  Company,  Lim- 
ited, was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  on  the  ist  of  September,  1868, 
a  son  of  William  A.  and  Sarah  (Pinckney)  Knight,  natives  of  that  state,  both 
of  whom  have  passed  away.  Their  son  acquired  his  education  in  the  German- 


EDWARD  C.  KNIGHT 


-     BRITISH    COLUMBIA  337 

town  Academy  and  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  taking  the  course  in 
mining  and  metallurgical  engineering  in  the  latter  institution  with  the  class  of 
1889.  After  his  graduation  he  became  associated  with  the  Illinois  Steel  Com- 
pany and  he  retained  this  connection  for  seven  years  thereafter,  resigning  it  in 
order  to  go  to  Mexico  in  the  employ  of  the  Guggenheim  Smelting  Company, 
which  later  became  the  American  Smelting  &  Refining  Company.  He  acted  for 
them  as  ore  buyer  and  general  agent  and  rose  from  that  position  to  be  manager 
of  the  Monterey  and  Blandena  plants.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  executive 
committee  during  the  last  two  years  of  his  stay  in  Mexico.  In  the  fall  of  1908 
Mr.  Knight  came  to  Vancouver  and  purchased  an  interest  in  the  Vancouver 
Lumber  Company,  Limited,  having  since  remained  as  managing  director.  This 
is  one  of  the  oldest  concerns  of  its  kind  in  the  city,  having  been  founded  about 
the  year  1886  and  was  first  known  as  the  Red  Mill,  owned  by  Leamy  &  Kyle. 
It  has  since  been  under  various  managements  but  its  prosperity  has  continued 
without  interruption  and  its  place  today  is  among  the  leading  industrial  institu- 
tions in  this  part  of  the  province.  In  1904  it  was  purchased  by  J.  E.  Tucker  and 
A.  L.  Clark  and  the  present  name  adopted,  Mr.  Tucker  being  president  and 
A.  L  Clark,  vice  president. 

At  Taylor,  Texas,  on  the  22d  of  April,  1903,  Mr.  Knight  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  lone  Tucker,  of  that  city,  and  they  have  two  children,  Mary 
and  Edward  Tucker.  Mr.  Knight  has  extensive  club  affiliations,  belonging  to 
the  Vancouver  Club  and  the  Vancouver  Royal  Yacht  Club,  the  Jericho  Country 
Club  and  the  Shaughnessy  Heights  and  Vancouver  Golf  Clubs,  these  connec- 
tions indicating  something  of  the  nature  and  extent  of  his  outside  interests. 


ELMER  E.  CRANDALL. 

Elmer  E.  Crandall,  manufacturers'  agent  at  Vancouver,  has  throughout  his 
business  career  displayed  the  qualities  of  close  aplication  and  unremitting  energy 
so  necessary  to  success,  and  his  advancement,  therefore,  has  been  the  legitimate 
and  logical  outcome  of  his  efforts.  He  was  born  in  New  Brunswick,  January  9, 
1862,  and  is  a  son  of  Y.  A.  Crandall,  who  was  also  a  native  of  that  province  and 
who  spent  all  his  time  there  in  mercantile  life. 

In  his  youthful  days  Elmer  E.  Crandall  was  a  pupil  in  the  grammar  school  of 
St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  and  when  a  young  man  he  entered  the  employ  of  the 
King  Lumber  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Chipman,  New  Brunswick.  He  later  became 
manager  of  a  certain  department  of  the  business  and  after  thirteen  years  as  an 
employe  in  that  establishment  was  admitted  to  a  partnership.  This  is  a  large  and 
most  reliable  company,  conducting  an  immense  lumber  business  and  also  an  ex- 
tensive general  store  in  connection  with  the  lumber  trade.  The  president  of  the 
company  is  Senator  King. 

In  1910  Mr.  Crandall  started  westward,  visiting  a  number  of  points  en  route 
to  the  Pacific  coast,  but  eventually  reaching  Vancouver.  It  was  his  intention  to 
remain  for  only  a  few  months,  hoping  the  change  would  benefit  his  health.  He 
found  the  climate  not  only  so  beneficial  but  also  so  pleasing  that  he  determined 
to  remain  and  dispose  of  his  business  in  the  east.  This  he  soon  did  and  has  since 
been  closely  associated  with  commercial  interests  in  British  Columbia.  In  July, 
1910,  he  established  his  present  business  as  manufacturers'  agent,  in  which  connec- 
tion he  represents  Charles  Fawcett,  Limited,  of  Sackville,  New  Brunswick,  manu- 
facturers of  stoves,  ranges  and  furnaces.  He  is  also  agent  for  The  Lundy  Shovel 
&  Tool  Company,  of  Peterboro,  Ontario,  and  within  the  short  space  of  three  years 
his  business  has  reached  most  gratifying  proportions.  He  is  represented  on  the 
road  by  two  traveling  salesmen,  who  cover  the  entire  province  of  British  Colum- 
bia, and  he  expects  soon  to  open  a  branch  house  at  Calgary,  Alberta.  He  recently 
purchased  for  the  Charles  Fawcett,  Limited,  a  large  building,  at  No.  1052  Homer 
street,  which  they  have  occupied  since  the  ist  of  May,  1913. 


338  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

In  1912  Mr.  Crandall  erected  a  handsome  apartment  house  in  the  eleven  hun- 
dred block  on  Eleventh  avenue,  which  is  a  decided  departure  from  the  usual 
apartment  building.  It  stands  on  a  spacious  lot,  with  broad  lawns  in  front  and 
rear,  and  contains  four  handsome  apartments,  commanding  a  beautiful  view  of 
the  Sound.  Every  modern  convenience  is  there  found  and  ideas  of  utility  and 
beauty  are  harmoniously  blended  with  the  result  that  the  apartments  are  largely 
ideal  from  every  point  of  view.  In  addition  Mr.  Crandall  also  owns  a  number 
of  houses  in  the  best  residential  section  of  Fairview,  one  of  which  he  occupies. 
He  has  made  judicious  investments  in  real  estate  and  is  thus  adding  annually  to 
his  income  aside  from  his  business  as  manufacturers'  agent. 

In  Chipman,  New  Brunswick,  on  the  6th  of  June,  1883,  Mr.  Crandall  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Ida  G.  King,  a  daughter  of  Senator  G.  G.  King.  They 
are  parents  of  eight  children:  Ida  May,  at  home;  Hazel  Claudia,  the  wife  of 
A.  G.  Carpenter,  of  Nelson,  British  Columbia;  Nellie  G.,  the  wife  of  I.  H.  Will- 
son,  of  Nanaimo,  British  Columbia ;  Ermengarde  and  Eugene,  Greta,  Horace  K. 
and  Esther  H.,  all  at  home.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Crandall  are  prominent  and 
valued  members  of  the  First  Baptist  church  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Crandall  has 
been  identified  with  the  denomination  for  the  past  thirty  years,  and  while  in  the 
east  was  for  twenty  years  an  officer  in  the  church.  His  wife,  active  in  various 
departments  of  the  church  work,  is  now  president  of  the  Woman's  Mission  Cir- 
cle ;  she  is  also  president  of  the  West  End  Woman's  Christian  Temperance  Union 
and  is  an  interested  and  zealous  worker  in  its  several  departments. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Crandall  belong  to  that  class  of  citizens  whose  influence  is 
always  on  the  side  of  reform,  progress  and  improvement,  or  right  and  justice. 
He  has  led  a  busy  and  useful  life  and  since  his  removal  to  the  west  has  so  utilized 
his  opportunities  and  directed  his  labors  as  to  gain  for  himself  a  most  creditable 
position  in  business  circles  in  British  Columbia. 


WILLIAM  CHARLES  MACBETH. 

William  Charles  Macbeth  is  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  Macbeth  &  Brown,  con- 
ducting a  real-estate  brokerage  business.  They  are  also  general  insurance  agents, 
conveyancers,  collectors,  etc.,  and  their  clientage  is  extensive.  Mr.  Macbeth  is 
a  native  of  Scotland,  his  birth  having  occurred  at  Buckie,  Banffshire,  May  13, 
1879.  His  parents  were  James  and  Jessie  (Anderson)  Macbeth.  The  former 
came  to  Canada  from  Buckie,  Scotland,  in  1891,  and  settled  in  New  Westminster, 
British  Columbia,  where  he  followed  the  carpenter's  trade  until  his  death  in 
1900. 

In  the  schools  of  Scotland  William  C.  Macbeth  began  his  education  and  fol- 
lowing the  removal  of  the  family  to  Canada  he  continued  his  studies  at  New 
Westminster.  He  was  but  a  boy  in  years,  however,  when  he  entered  business 
circles,  since  which  time  he  has  been  dependent  entirely  upon  his  own  resources, 
so  that  his  success  is  the  merited  reward  of  labor  and  capable  management.  He 
became  a  clerk  in  a  grocery  store  in  New  Westminster  and  afterward  removed 
to  Vancouver,  where  he  entered  the  employ  of  Charles  Anderson  in  the  grocery 
business,  continuing  with  that  house  for  three  years.  He  was  next  employed 
in  the  grocery  store  of  John  Geddis  for  a  time  and  subsequently  was  in  the  em- 
ploy of  William  Walsh,  a  grocer,  with  whom  he  continued  for  four  years.  All 
this  time  he  was  actuated  by  the  laudable  desire  of  one  day  engaging  in  business 
on  his  own  account  and  carefully  saved  his  earnings  until  his  industry  and  econ- 
omy had  brought  to  him  sufficient  capital  to  enable  him  to  start  out  for  himself. 
It  was  in  1903  that  he  became  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  McLeod,  Macbeth  &  Com- 
pany in  the  ownership  and  conduct  of  a  dry-goods  store  at  the  corner  of  Main 
and  Hastings  streets.  He  was  a  factor  in  that  business  until  February,  1911, 
when  he  entered  into  the  real-estate  and  general  financial  brokerage  business  in 
association  with  William  Brown  and  William  H.  Brown  under  the  firm  name 


WILLIAM    C.    MAtT.KTI 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  341 

of  Macbeth  &  Brown.  This  firm  succeeded  to  the  business  of  Mutrie  &  Brown, 
which  was  established  in  Vancouver  in  1888.  In  addition  to  conducting  a  gen- 
eral real-estate  brokerage  business  they  are  general  insurance  agents,  convey- 
ancers and  collectors.  From  the  beginning  the  enterprise  has  proven  a  profitable 
one.  Their  business  is  carefully  systematized  and  capably  managed  in  each  de- 
partment and  they  are  not  only  familiar  with  the  property  upon  the  market  and 
accurate  in  placing  valuations  thereon  but  are  also  representatives  of  a  number 
of  the  most  substantial  insurance  companies  and  are  successful  in  conveyancing 
and  collection  work. 

On  the  ist  of  January,  1905,  Mr.  Macbeth  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Beatrice  Hamilton,  a  daughter  of  George  Hamilton,  of  Vancouver,  and  they 
have  one  child,  Isabelle  Beatrice.  Mr.  Macbeth  holds  membership  in  the  Presby- 
terian church  and  also  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the 
Royal  Arcanum.  In  politics  he  is  independent,  preferring  to  vote  as  his  judg- 
ment dictates  without  regard  to  party  ties.  Moreover,  he  has  taken  no  active  part 
in  politics,  preferring  to  concentrate  his  energies  upon  his  business  affairs. 
Gradually  he  has  worked  his  way  upward  and  the  loyalty  which  he  displayed 
as  an  employe  has  been  manifest  in  his  devotion  to  the  best  interests  of  his 
clients.  In  all  of  his  dealings  he  is  strictly  reliable  and  his  prosperity  has  been 
based  upon  energy  and  enterprise. 


HON.  JOSEPH  MARTIN,  K.  C,  M.  P. 

No  history  of  the  legal  profession  in  Vancouver  or  of  legislative  proceedings 
in  British  Columbia  would  be  complete  without  reference  to  the  Hon.  Joseph 
Martin,  long  an  able  and  distinguished  member  of  the  bar  of  that  city  and  one 
who  has  left  the  impress  of  his  individuality  upon  the  history  of  his  province  in 
shaping  and  promoting  as  well  as  in  administering  its  laws.     He  was  born  in 
Milton,  Ontario,  September  24,  1852,  a  son  of  Edward  and  Mary  Ann  (Fleming) 
Martin.     His  grandfather,  Jasper  Martin,  was  a  native  of  the  county  of  Cum- 
berland and  with  his  wife  and  family  sailed  for  the  new  world  about  1818,  cast 
ing  in  his  lot  with  the  first  settlers  of  Milton,  Ontario.    Edward  Martin  was  bon 
in  Canada  about  .1820  and  in  early  life  turned  his  attention  to  the  business  of  mer 
chandising.    When  his  son  Joseph  was  a  young  man  the  father  removed  to  Mich- 
igan, where  he  engaged  in  farming.     He  was  active  in  public  affairs  during  hii 
residence  in  Milton  and  served  for  one  or  two  terms  as  its  mayor.     His  death 
occurred  in  1885. 

His  son,  Joseph  Martin,  pursued  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Milton, 
Ontario,  and  in  the  Michigan  State  Normal  School  of  Ypsilanti,  Michigan,  and 
the  Provincial  Normal  School  at  Toronto.  He  was  graduated  from  the  last  named 
in  a  class  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  members  and  has  Certificate  A.  He  passed  the 
examinations  for  the  second  year  in  the  arts  course  at  the  Toronto  University. 
In  early  life  he  followed  the  profession  of  teaching  in  the  public  schools  near 
Ottawa  but  regarded  this  merely  as  an  initial  step  to  other  professional  labor  and 
turned  to  the  study  of  law  with  the  intention  of  making  its  pract'ice  his  life  work. 
In  1882  he  went  to  Manitoba  and  in  that  year  was  called  to  the  bar.  He  opened  an 
office  and  continued  in  practice  at  Portage  la  Prairie  and  at  Winnipeg  until  1897. 
He  was  not  only  accorded  a  liberal  clientage  but  also  became  a  leading  and  in- 
fluential factor  in  provincial  circles.  He  sat  for  Portage  la  Prairie  in  the  provin- 
cial legislature  from  1883  until  1892  and  was  attorney  general  of  Manitoba  under 
the  Greenway  administration  from  1888  until  1891.  He  unsuccessfully  con- 
tested Selkirk  for  the  house  of  commons  in  the  general  election  of  the  latter  year 
but  sat  for  Winnipeg  from  1893  until  1896. 

The  following  year  Mr.  Martin  removed  to  Vancouver,  where  he  opened  a 
law  office,  continuing  in  active  practice  in  that  city  until  1909.     Again  he  became 
recognized  leader  in  political  circles  and  sat  for  Vancouver  in  the  provincial 

Vol.  Ill— 12 


342  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

legislature  from  1898  until  1903.  He  was  likewise  attorney  general  for  British 
Columbia  in  1898  and  1899  and  was  premier  and  attorney  general  of  the  province 
from  March  until  June,  1900.  In  1902-3  he  was  leader  of  the  opposition.  He 
unsuccessfully  contested  Vancouver  for  the  house  of  commons  as  an  independ- 
ent liberal ;  but  whether  in  office  or  out  of  it  has  exerted  a  marked  influence  on 
public  thought  and  action  because  of  his  broad  and  liberal  interpretation  of  the 
laws  and  his  statesmanlike  grasp  of  affairs. 

In  1909  Hon.  Joseph  Martin  became  a  resident  of  England  and  in  May  of 
that  year  was  defeated  for  southwest  Warwickshire  at  a  by-election.  Since  Janu- 
ary, 1910,  he  has  sat  for  East  St.  Pancras  in  the  house  of  commons.  While 
attorney  general  of  Manitoba  he  introduced  and  secured  the  passage  of  the  famous 
school  measure  abolishing  the  separate  schools  set  up  in  1871  and  establishing  in 
lieu  thereof  the  national  common  schools.  He  represented  the  provincial  govern- 
ment before  the  privy  council  when  the  legality  of  the  measure  was  being  passed 
upon.  In  the  house  of  commons  he  opposed  a  proposal  to  hand  over  the  improve- 
ment of  the  Red  river  to  a  private  company  and  also  the  remedial  bill.  He  believes 
in  the  abolishment  of  the  house  of  lords  and  in  unrestricted  reciprocity  between 
Canada  and  the  United  States.  Another  factor  in  his  influential  work  in  behalf 
of  provincial  interests  was  the  Vancouver  Guardian,  of  which  he  was  editor  and 
owner  in  1907. 

In  September,  1881,  Mr.  Martin  was  united  in  marriage  to  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Jane  Eaton,  the  widow  of  George  W.  Eaton,  of  Ottawa,  and  the  second  daughter 
of  the  late  Edward  Reilly,  of  Richmond,  Ontario.  On  the  I3th  of  February, 
1913,  Mrs.  Martin,  after  an  illness  of  several  months,  passed  away  and  was  laid 
to  rest  in  Ottawa.  Mr.  Martin  is  in  sympathy  with  all  those  improvements  and 
projects  which  work  for  the  betterment  of  the  individual  and  for  the  community. 
He  belongs  to  the  National  Liberal  Club  of  London  and  also  to  the  Royal  Auto- 
mobile Club  of  London,  to  the  Vancouver  Club  and  the  Terminal  City  Club  of 
Vancouver.  He  has  been  characterized  by  the  Victoria  World  as  "an  able  and 
lucid  speaker,"  and  by  the  Toronto  Globe  as  "a  natural  born  politician."  Like  all 
who  are  most  prominent  in  political  circles,  he  has  had  strong  opposition  but  has 
ever  adhered  closely  to  the  course  which  he  has  believed  to  be  right,  standing 
strongly  in  support  of  principles  which  he  deems  most  essential  in  good  govern- 
ment. He  is  widely  known  in  eastern,  central  and  western  Canada  and  upon  all 
vital  questions  keeps  abreast  with  the  thinking  men  of  the  age,  being  recognized 
as  one  who  has  done  much  to  mold  public  thought  and  action  and  promote 
progressive  political  activity. 


HUGH  MCDONALD. 

The  lumber  and  timber  industry  of  British  Columbia  finds  in  Hugh  McDon- 
ald a  man  who  has  in  an  influential  way  been  connected  with  that  business  for 
a  number  of  years  and  is  also  identified  with  numerous  other  corporations  which 
have  greatly  promoted  the  commercial  growth  of  the  province.  He  was  born 
in  Oban,  Argyleshire,  Scotland,  on  March  10,  1860,  and  is  a  son  of  Alexander 
and  Ann  (McCall)  McDonald,  the  former  a  native  of  Callander,  Scotland,  and 
the  latter  of  the  island  of  Mull,  that  country.  Alexander  McDonald  was  prom- 
inent in  industrial  circles  of  his  native  land  as  proprietor  of  a  woolen  mill  and 
also  owned  a  valuable  estate  of  five  hundred  acres  there.  In  1880  he  sold  his 
holdings  and  came  to  British  Columbia,  his  son  Hugh  having  preceded  him  there 
by  about  two  years.  On  his  arrival  here  the  father  located  on  a  ranch  of  a 
thousand  acres,  which  was  then  owned  by  our  subject  and  is  situated  at  Lake 
Nipissing,  where  the  father  passed  away  at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty  years. 

Hugh  McDonald  was  reared  under  the  parental  roof  and  acquired  his  educa- 
tion at  the  Free  Church  Academy  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  completing  his  school- 
ing in  1875.  He  was  then  apprenticed  to  the  carpenter's  trade  for  a  five  years' 


HUGH  MCDONALD 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  345 

apprenticeship,  his  compensation  being  five  shillings  per  week  and  board.  Be- 
coming, however,  discontent  with  the  slow  prospect  of  success,  he  ran  away 
after  having  remained  for  three  years  in  that  connection  and  came  to  Canada, 
locating  in  the  Nipissing  district,  where  he  took  up  six  hundred  and  forty  acres 
of  land  in  his  own  and  his  brother's  name.  His  aggressive  spirit  and  energy 
showed  itself  early,  for  he  set  out  with  the  decision  to  improve  his  fortune,  which 
is  rare  in  one  so  young.  Building  a  house,  barn  and  other  farm  buildings,  he 
purchased  stock  and  gave  his  sole  attention  to  his  farming  activities,  laying  there- 
by the  corner  stone  to  his  present  fortune.  This  ranch  today  is  one  of  the  most 
valuable  in  that  part  of  the  province,  comprising  about  twelve  hundred  acres  and 
is  now  owned  by  our  subject's  brother  Alexander,  Hugh  McDonald  having 
transferred  the  ranch  to  his  father  on  the  latter's  arrival  here.  Discontinuing 
farm  work,  he  then  engaged  in  work  for  J.  R.  Booth,  the  now  well  known  mil- 
lionaire lumber  king  of  Ottawa  and  the  largest  timber  land  holder  in  Canada. 
Mr.  McDonald  remained  with  Mr.  Booth  for  the  period  of  eleven  years,  begin- 
ning at  the  bottom  rung  of  the  ladder,  until  he  became  superintendent  of  the 
Timiscamaugue  branch  of  Mr.  Booth's  extensive  lumber  interests.  At  the  end 
of  that  period  Mr.  McDonald  came  to  British  Columbia  with  the  late  John 
Wilson,  taking  charge  of  the  logging  and  brush  work  of  the  Brunette  Saw  Mills 
and  subsequently  becoming  a  stockholder  in  the  concern.  His  connection  with 
that  company  comprises  the  years  from  1890  until  1908,  Mr.  McDonald  having 
been  made  president  of  the  company  in  1896  and  continuing  in  that  capacity 
from  that  time  until  he  severed  his  connection  with  the  firm  in  1908.  Selling  his 
holdings,  he  then  built  the  Barnett  &  McDonald  mills  on  Lulu  Island,  which 
were  unfortunately  destroyed  by  fire  before  their  completion  in  1910.  He  then 
purchased  the  Independent  Shingle  Mills  in  New  Westminster  but  has  also  dis- 
posed of  this  interest,  selling  out  in  1912.  Mr.  McDonald  still  owns  various 
valuable  timber  tracts  throughout  the  province  and  is  connected  with  other  indus- 
trial and  commercial  enterprises,  serving  at  present  as  president  of  the  Pacific 
Chocolate  Company,  Ltd.,  of  New  Westminster;  as  trustee  of  the  New  West- 
minster Trust  Company;  as  president  of  the  British  North  America  Securities 
Corporation,  and  as  president  of  the  People's  Trust  Building  Company. 

In  1896  Mr.  McDonald  was  married  to  Miss  Sophia  Victoria  Bowes,  a  daugh- 
ter of  John  Bowes,  of  Lanark,  Ontario,  and  a  niece  of  Senator  Peter  McLaren. 
To  this  union  were  born  five  children,  of  whom  three  survive :  Hugh  Alexander, 
Roland  Eden  and  Ivan  Douglas.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McDonald  are  devoted  members 
of  the  Presbyterian  church.  Fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  Royal  City  Lodge, 
No.  3,  I.  O.  O.  F. ;  an  apprenticed  member  of  King  Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17, 
A.  F.  &  A.  M. ;  and  a  member  of  Royal  Lodge,  No.  6,  K.  P.  As  the  years  have 
brought  him  prosperity  he  has  become  recognized  as  one  of  the  potent  forces  in 
industrial  expansion  in  New  Westminster  and  is  highly  respected  and  esteemed 
for  what  he  has  done  in  promoting  general  advancement.  The  prosperity  which 
has  come  to  him  is  well  merited,  for  it  has  been  brought  about  by  honorable 
methods  only  and  has  been  made  possible  by  characteristics  which  are  worthy 
of  the  highest  commendation.  Mr.  McDonald  has  not  only  witnessed  the  won- 
derful changes  which  have  converted  a  practically  uninhabited  country  into  a 
prosperous  populated  district  but  has  been  a  helpful  and  cooperant  factor  in 
bringing  about  the  transformation. 


JAMES  LOW. 

James  Low  has  resided  in  Vancouver  for  but  a  comparatively  brief  period  yet 
is  well  known  through  his  connection  with  one  of  the  oldest  established  business 
enterprises  of  the  city,  being  treasurer  of  the  British  Columbia  Permanent  Loan 
Company.  He  was  born  at  Uxbridge,  Ontario,  and  in  the  acquirement  of  his  edu- 
cation attended  the  public  schools  there  and  the  high  school  at  Markham,  Ontario, 


346  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

from  which  he  was  graduated.  Subsequently  he  took  up  the  study  of  telegraphy 
and  began  operating  when  very  young,  as  his  father  was  station  master  at 
Uxbridge.  The  father  suffered  a  prolonged  illness  when  the  son  was  fifteen 
years  of  age  and  never  recovered,  passing  away  before  James  Low  reached  the 
age  of  sixteen.  As  he  was  serving  as  substitute  operator  and  station  master  dur- 
ing his  father's  absence  he  was  given  that  position  upon  his  father's  death.  How- 
ever, he  soon  resigned  and  entered  the  employ  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  Com- 
pany, which  he  represented  for  ten  years  in  the  position  of  train  dispatcher.  On 
the  expiration  of  that  period  he  became  secretary  and  manager  of  the  Victoria 
Loan  &  Savings  Company  of  Lindsay,  Ontario,  which  position  he  held  for  sixteen 
years,  making  a  most  creditable  record  in  that  connection  as  his  long  continuance 
with  the  company  plainly  indicates.  He  resigned  this  position  in  the  spring  of 
1912  to  become  treasurer  of  the  British  Columbia  Permanent  Loan  Company 
at  Vancouver  and  has  since  performed  the  duties  incumbent  upon  him  in  that  posi- 
tion. While  connected  with  the  city  for  only  a  little  more  than  a  year  he  has 
already  gained  a  wide  acquaintance  and  his  sterling  worth  has  won  for  him  favor- 
able recognition. 

Mr.  Low  has  one  son,  Donald,  who  is  now  a  student  at  McGill  University.  In 
politics  Mr.  Low  is  a  conservative  in  principles,  yet  follows  an  independent  policy 
voting  according  to  the  dictates  of  his  judgment,  unbiased  by  party  ties.  He  held 
membership  with  the  Masons  and  the  Odd  Fellows  in  Ontario  and  he  belongs  to 
St.  John's  Presbyterian  church,  in  the  work  of  which  he  is  actively  and  helpfully 
interested,  being  now  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  school.  Starting  out  in  life 
for  himself  at  an  early  age,  he  has  made  continuous  progress  and  the  ability  which 
he  displays  promises  advancement  for  the  future. 


STEPHEN    NICHOLSON-JARRETT. 

Stephen  Nicholson- Jarrett,  who  since  January  i,  1907,  has  been  serving  in  a 
capable,  forceful  and  far-sighted  way  as  city  building  inspector  of  Vancouver, 
owes  much  of  his  success  in  the  conduct  of  his  responsible  office  to  his  many 
years  of  active  connection  with  the  contracting  and  building  business,  to  the 
knowledge  which  he  has  of  the  building  trade  in  all  of  its'  various  ramifications 
and  to  the  excellent  organizing  and  administrative  ability  which  has  dominated 
and  directed  all  the  activities  of  his  business  career.  He  was  born  in  Bridlington, 
Yorkshire,  England,  on  the  2/th  of  December,  1847,  ar>d  is  a  son  of  Benjamin 
and  Hannah  (Wilson)  Nicholson-Jarrett,  both  natives  of  Yorkshire.  The 
father  came  to  Canada  in  1850  and  settled  near  Toronto,  in  York  county,  Ontario, 
where  he  engaged  in  farming  until  1857,  when  he  moved  to  Queen's  Bush,  now 
Wellington  county,  where  he  continued  to  reside  until  1887.  In  that  year  he 
retired  from  active  business  life  and  moved  to  Calgary,  Alberta,  where  he  died 
in  June,  1908,  at  the  age  of  eighty-nine.  He  had  survived  his  wife  since  1903, 
her  death  occurring  in  Calgary  when  she  was  seventy-nine  years  of  age. 

Stephen  Nicholson-Jarrett  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Ontario,  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  was  apprenticed  to  the  carpenter's  trade, 
serving  his  term  in  Wellington  county,  where  he  was  later  engaged  in  the  con- 
tracting business  on  his  own  account  for  a  period  of  fifteen  years.  In  1884  he 
went  to  Calgary,  Alberta,  then  merely  a  tent  town,  but  offering  unlimited  oppor- 
tunities to  a  far-sighted  and  discriminating  business  man.  There  Mr.  Nicholson- 
Jarrett  entered  into  partnership  with  Hon.  W.  H.  Gushing,  and  they  entered  the 
contracting  business,  erecting  in  the  fall  of  1885  and  the  spring  of  1886  the 
first  sash  and  door  factory  west  of  Winnipeg,  an  enterprise  which  Mr.  Gushing 
is  still  successfully  conducting.  The  association  was  dissolved  in  1888,  and  in 
January  of  the  following  year  Mr.  Nicholson-Jarrett  came  to  Vancouver,  where 
he  has  since  remained  an  honored  and  deservedly  respected  citizen.  He  resumed 
his  former  occupation  here,  but  in  the  following  summer  the  contractors  experi- 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  347 

enced  their  first  labor  troubles,  and  they  proved  to  be  so  severe  that  he  turned 
his  attention  to  another  line  of  work,  accepting  a  position  as  superintendent  of 
the  sash  and  door  factory  belonging  to  George  Cassady  &  Company.  After  seven 
years'  connection  with  this  concern  he  resigned  his  position,  and  in  1896  became 
superintendent  of  the  factory  operated  by  the  Vane  Sash  &  Door  Company,  con- 
tinuing to  do  able,  constructive  and  reliable  work  until  .the  ist  of  January,  1907, 
when  he  accepted  the  position  of  city  building  inspector  of  Vancouver,  an  office 
which  he  still  holds.  Since  he  entered  upon  his  duties  practically  all  the  new 
and  modern  residences,  public  buildings  and  business  structures  which  make 
this  city  one  of  the  finest  and  most  attractive  in  this  part  of  the  Dominion,  have 
been  erected,  the  last  building  completed  before  he  assumed  control  having  been 
the  Molson's  Bank  on  Hastings  street,  now  one  of  the  older  and  smaller  of  the 
city's  business  blocks.  Each  year  of  his  able  service  has  witnessed  a  substantial 
increase  in  the  number  of  building  permits  issued  and  in  the  total  value  of  the 
buildings  erected,  as  is  evidenced  by  the  fact  that  in  1907,  when  he  took  office, 
one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  seventy-three  permits  were  granted,  the  value 
of  the  buildings  being  five  million  six  hundred  and  thirty-two  thousand  seven 
hundred  and  forty-four  dollars,  as  against  three  thousand  two  hundred  and 
twenty-one  permits  issued  in  1912,  for  buildings  aggregating  in  value  nineteen 
million  three  hundred  and  eighty-eight  thousand  three  hundred  and  twenty-two 
dollars.  The  city  of  Vancouver  began  to  grow  in  a  rapid  and  noticeable  fashion  in 
the  year  1902  and  that  same  year  witnessed  the  remarkable  increase  in  the 
number  of  buildings  erected — an  increase  which  has  steadily  continued  since  that 
time,  without  any  of  those  periods  of  depression  or  utter  stagnation  so  common 
in  other  Canadian  cities  and  in  the  cities  of  the  United  States.  Probably  no  other 
community  on  the  North  American  continent  can  boast  such  a  splendid  record  and 
a  great  deal  of  credit  for  this  gratifying  state  of  affairs  is  due  to  the  systematic, 
practical  and  discriminating  labors  of  the  present  building  inspector,  who  has 
introduced  many  needed  reforms  and  changes  in  methods  of  operation  in  the 
building  department,  and  who  in  the  six  years  of  his  service  has  ably  carried 
forward  the  work  which  he  found  so  well  begun.  All  during  his  active  career  he 
has  been  interested  in  building  and  in  the  promotion  of  building  activity,  and  he 
is  now  in  the  sixteenth  year  of  his  service  as  president  of  the  Pacific  Building 
Society,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the  founders.  This  is  a  cooperative  building 
association,  founded  on  the  fact  that  every  man  is  better  off  from  both  a  social 
and  financial  standpoint  when  he  owns  a  home  of  his  own,  and  it  has  been  of 
material  assistance  to  hundreds  of  people  of  Vancouver  by  making  it  possible 
for  them  to  purchase  land  and  erect  a  house  at  a  small  initial  expense.  Mr. 
Nicholson- Jarrett  is  also  vice  president  of  the  Masonic  Temple  Company,  owners 
of  the  Vancouver  Masonic  Temple,  and  he  has  held  that  office  since  the  organ- 
ization of  the  company. 

Mr.  Nicholson-Jarrett  has  been  twice  married.  In  Wellington  county,  Ontario, 
on  the  9th  of  June,  1873,  he  wedded  Miss  Catherine  Ghent,  a  native  of  that 
province  of  old  United  Empire  Loyalist  stock.  She  died  in  1904,  and  on  the 
1 8th  of  October,  in  the  following  year,  he  married  in  Vancouver,  Miss  Alma  Van 
Aken,  a  daughter  of  James  H.  Van  Aken,  a  pioneer  of  Coldwater,  Michigan, 
where  Mrs.  Nicholson-Jarrett  resided  previous  to  her  marriage. 

Mr.  Nicholson-Jarrett  has  always  given  a  stanch  allegiance  to  the  liberal 
party,  but  has  never  been  active  in  politics,  preferring  to  devote  all  of  his  atten- 
tion to  his  business  affairs.  The  office  which  he  now  holds  is  the  only  official 
position  in  which  he  has  ever  served,  but  the  excellent  record  he  has  made  indi- 
cates that  his  political  inactivity  has  been  a  great  loss  to  the  community  at  large. 
He  has  extensive  and  important  fraternal  affiliations,  being  especially  prominent 
in  the  Masonic  order,  which  he  joined  in  Calgary  in  1885,  and  in  which  he  has 
attained  the  thirty-second  degree.  He  is  past  master  of  Mount  Hermon  Lodge, 
No.  7,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  past  first  principal  in  Chapter  No.  98,  R.  A.  M.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Wesley  Methodist  Episcopal  church,  of  which  he  has  been  trustee 
for  nearly  twenty  years,  his  upright  and  honorable  life  being  at  all  times  in 


348  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

harmony  with  his  professions.  In  business  life  and  in  official  relations  he  has 
made  excellent  records,  both  characterized  by  far-sighted,  discriminating  and 
useful  work  and  during  the  period  of  his  residence  in  Vancouver  he  has  made 
tangible  and  substantial  contributions  to  its  growth  and  development. 


ROBERT  SCOTT  LENNIE. 

Robert  Scott  Lennie,  a  member  of  the  British  Columbia  bar  since  1898  and 
a  practitioner  in  Vancouver  since  1910,  has  lived  in  this  province  for  twenty- 
seven  years,  arriving  here  when  a  youth  of  eleven.  He  was  born  at  Smith  Falls, 
Ontario,  August  16,  1875,  and  is  a  son  of  the  Rev.  Robert  Lennie,  B.  D.,  and 
Catherine  (Harcus)  Lennie,  the  former  having  been  a  minister  at  Smith  Falls, 
Ontario,  at  the  time  of  the  birth  of  their  son.  At  the  usual  age  Robert  S.  Lennie 
entered  the  public  schools  and  as  the  family  removed  from  place  to  place  he 
continued  his  education  in  Ontario,  California  and  British  Columbia,  arriving  in 
this  province  in  1886.  His  literary  course  was  supplemented  by  preparation  for 
the  bar,  to  which  he  was  called  in  1898.  He  immediately  located  for  practice 
at  Nelson,  British  Columbia,  becoming  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Elliot  &  Lennie, 
while  later  the  firm  was  Lennie  &  Wragge.  This  connection  was  continued 
until  1912,  at  which  time  the  partnership  was  dissolved.  In  the  previous  year 
Mr.  Lennie  had  come  to  Vancouver  and  began  practice  alone  here,  although  still 
a  member  of  the  firm  of  Hamilton,  Lennie  &  Wragge  at  Nelson,  which  was 
formed  when  he  moved  to  Vancouver.  In  1911  he  was  joined  at  Vancouver 
by  J.  A.  Clark,  and  they  have  since  engaged  in  the  general  practice  of  law  under 
the  firm  name  of  Lennie  &  Clark.  Close  reasoning,  analytical  power  and  unfalt- 
ering industry  in  the  preparation  of  his  cases  have  been  the  potent  elements  in 
gaining  for  Mr.  Lennie  the  creditable  position  which  he  now  occupies  as  a  prac- 
titioner in  Vancouver.  He  is  also  widely  and  favorably  known  in  business  circles, 
being  an  officer  in  various  corporations,  especially  having  to  do  with  mining  and 
financial  interests.  He  is  president  of  the  Slocan  Star  Mines,  Limited;  a  direc- 
tor of  the  Forest  Mills  of  British  Columbia,  Limited;  of  the  Kootenay  Bonanza 
Mines,  Limited ;  a  director  of  the  Silver  King  Mines,  Limited ;  the  Colonial  Trust 
Company,  Limited;  the  New  British  Columbia  Lands,  Limited,  and  many  other 
corporations.  All  this  indicates  his  faith  in  the  province  and  its  natural  resources 
and  the  activity  he  is  displaying  in  the  development  of  the  northwest. 

Aside  from  this  Mr.  Lennie  is  very  active  in  political  circles.  He  is  a  con- 
servative and  was  president  of  the  Nelson  (B.  C.)  Conservative  Club  from  1904 
until  1910,  while  since  1908  he  has  been  president  of  the  Kootenay  District 
Conservative  Association,  comprising  nine  ridings.  His  interest  in  politics  is 
that  of  a  public-spirited  citizen,  who  desires  the  welfare  of  his  country,  and  not 
that  of  the  politician,  who  seeks  personal  recognition  and  gain.  In  fact,  Mr. 
Lennie  was  tendered  and  refused  the  nomination  for  mayor  of  Nelson  and  also 
for  the  provincial  and  Dominion  houses.  Appointed  by  order  of  the  lieutenant- 
governor  in  council,  he  acted  as  chairman  of  the  British  Columbia  Fire  Insurance 
Commission,  the  findings  of  which  were  reported  in  1910.  He  is  a  bencher  of 
the  Law  Society  of  British  Columbia,  representing  the  Kootenay  district  for 

six  years. 

On  the  igth  of  October,  1898,  in  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia,  Mr. 
Lennie  was  married  to  Miss  Edith  Louise  Douglas,  daughter  of  Benjamin  and 
Julia  A.  Douglas,  pioneer  settlers  of  the  northwest,  her  father  having  been  one 
of  the  originators  of  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Railway  Company.  The 
children  of  this  marriage  are  Robert  Douglas,  Gerald  Scott  and  Edith  Beatrice 
Catharine.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lennie  are  members  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and 
in  club  circles  he  is  well  known.  He  belongs  to  the  Nelson  Club  of  Nelson, 
British  Columbia,  and  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria,  while  in  Vancouver  his 
membership  is  with  the  Vancouver,  Jericho  Country,  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf, 


ROBERT  S.  LENNIE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  351 

Commercial  and  Progress  Clubs.  These  organizations  not  only  have  as  their 
object  social  interests  and  pleasures  but  also  are  concerned  with  plans  for  the 
improvement  and  benefit  of  the  city,  all  of  which  Mr.  Lennie  heartily  indorses 
and  as  time  permits  he  gives  thereto  his  hearty  cooperation.  The  family  resi- 
dence is  on  Matthews  avenue,  Shaughnessy  Heights,  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia. 


BERTRAM  WILLIAM   DIGBY  GILLIES,  M.  D. 

Dr.  Bertram  William  Digby  Gillies  has  since  1906  been  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  medicine  at  Vancouver  and  for  the  past  six  years  has  been  pathologist  to 
the  Vancouver  General  Hospital.  He  was  born  at  Teeswater,  Ontario,  June  n, 
1875,  a  son  of  Dr.  John  and  Fannie  (Midford)  Gillies,  the  former  a  native  of 
Ontario  and  the  latter  of  England.  The  father  practiced  medicine  at  Teeswater 
for  more  than  forty  years,  but  both  he  and  his  wife  are  now  deceased. 

In  the  acquirement  of  his  education  Dr.  Gillies  attended  successively  the 
Harriston  high  school,  the  Toronto  University  and  the  McGill  Medical  College, 
from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1898.  He  was  then  interne  in  the  Royal  Vic- 
toria Hospital  of  Montreal  for  three  years,  and  subsequently  took  up  post- 
graduate work  abroad,  studying  in  Germany,  Austria,  France  and  England  for 
two  years,  during  which  time  he  gained  comprehensive  knowledge  of  the  methods 
of  many  of  the  most  eminent  physicians  of  the  old  world.  Splendidly  qualified  by 
study  and  practical  experience  for  the  onerous  and  responsible  duties  of  the 
profession,  he  returned  to  Canada,  and  was  appointed  acting  pathologist  to  the 
General  Hospital  at  Montreal,  in  which  connection  he  continued  for  two  years. 
In  1906  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  opened  an  office  and  has  since  engaged 
in  practice. 

On  the  i6th  of  April,  1906,  at  Montreal,  Dr.  Gillies  was  married  to  Miss  Mar- 
garet Leckie,  a  daughter  of  Major  R.  G.  Leckie,  of  Sudbury,  Ontario.  They  have 
two  children,  Margaret  Elizabeth  and  Mary  Eleanor.  Dr.  Gillies  belongs  to  the 
Western  Club,  the  Deutscher  Club  and  the  Rotary  Club,  associations  which  indi- 
cate his  appreciation  for  the  social  amenities  of  life.  He  is  imbued  in  all  that  he 
does  professionally  by  a  laudable  ambition  that  prompts  him  to  put  forth  his  best 
efforts,  and  he  is  making  steady  advancement  in  his  chosen  calling. 


JOHN   O.   BENWELL. 

John  O.  Benwell  is  at  the  head  of  the  well  known  house  of  Benwell,  Peart  & 
Company,  importers  and  wholesale  dealers  in  liquors  and  cigars  at  Vancouver. 
He  was  born  at  Blackheath,  Kent,  England,  on  the  9th  of  August,  1865,  and  is  a 
son  of  John  P.  and  Elizabeth  Benwell,  the  former  lately  general  manager  of 
Lloyds  Bank,  Ltd.,  of  London.  Liberal  educational  advantages  were  afforded 
the  son,  and  after  attending  .Malvern  College  in  Worcestershire,  England,  he 
entered  the  Bank  of  British  North  America,  in  London,  in  1882.  His  initial 
business  experience  was  received  in  this  connection  during  the  succeeding  four 
years,  and  in  1886  he  came  to  Canada,  attracted  by  the  broader  opportunities 
of  the  new  world.  The  year  1888  witnessed  his  arrival  in  British  Columbia, 
and  after  ten  years'  residence  in  this  province  he  established  his  present  business 
in  1898,  organizing  the  firm  of  Benwell,  Peart  &  Company,  wholesale  dealers  in 
wines  and  spirits.  They  handle  the  products  of  the  leading  distilleries  of  the 
country  and  imported  wines  and  liquors,  and  the  volume  of  business  transacted 
makes  theirs  one  of  the  large  commercial  enterprises  of  the  city. 

In  1891  Mr.  Benwell  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Helen  E.  Boultbee,  of 
Vancouver,  and  they  have  one  daughter,  their  only  son  having  been  drowned 


352 

in  a  collision  between  the  Princess  Victoria  and  the  Chehalis  in  Vancouver  harbor, 
on  July  21,  1896.  Mr.  Benwell  finds  recreation  in  hunting  and  shooting  and  he 
has  membership  in  all  athletic  clubs  and  also  with  the  Vancouver,  Terminal  City 
and  Country  Clubs. 


SANFORD  JOHNSON  CROWE. 

Sanford  Johnson  Crowe  through  association  with  the  contracting  business 
has  taken  active  part  in  the  substantial  upbuilding  of  Vancouver.  He  is  now 
practically  living  retired.  His  attention,  however,  is  given  to  his  personal  invest- 
ments, which  include  good  dividend-bearing  properties.  As  the  years  have  gone 
by  he  has  won  substantial  success,  his  indefatigable  energy  and  capable  manage- 
ment enabling  him  to  overcome  all  obstacles  and  difficulties  and  reach  a  posi- 
tion among  the  men  of  affluence  in  Vancouver.  He  was  born  at  Truro,  Nova 
Scotia,  February  14,  1868,  his  parents  being  John  S.  and  Rebecca  (Fulton) 
Crowe,  the  former  a  son  of  Jasper  Crowe,  who  was  a  native  of  north  Ireland 
but  came  to  Canada  about  1810  and  settled  at  Onslow,  Colchester  county,  Nova 
Scotia,  where  he  engaged  in  farming  until  his  death.  His  son,  John  S.  Crowe, 
was  born  and  reared  on  his  father's  farm  and  was  apprenticed  in  his  youth  to 
the  carpenter's  and  shipbuilder's  trades  at  Truro.  He  afterward  followed  build- 
ing and  contracting  at  that  place  until  1895,  when  he  retired  and  came  to  Van- 
couver, where  he  remained  until  his  death,  in  September,  1910.  He  married 
Rebecca  Fulton,  who  was  descended  from  one  of  four  brothers  of  that  name 
who  came  from  Scotland  to  America  in  1800.  Two  of  these  brothers  settled  in 
Nova  Scotia  and  two  in  New  York.  Of  the  two  latter  one  was  Robert  Fulton, 
who  in  the  early  part  of  the  nineteenth  century  invented  the  first  steamboat. 
When  he  advanced  his  idea  he  was  laughed  at  for  his  pains,  none  believing  steam 
could  be  applied  to  navigation,  but  with  courageous  spirit  he  worked  on  until 
an  interested  crowd  witnessed  his  first  trip  up  the  river  to  Philadelphia  and  his 
inventive  genius  and  ability  then  found  recognition.  George  Fulton  was  one 
of  the  two  brothers  who  settled  in  Nova  Scotia,  taking  up  his  abode  in  Colchester 
county,  where  he  rose  to  a  position  of  prominence.  His  son  and  namesake, 
George  Fulton,  Jr.,  was  born  in  Colchester  county,  where  he  spent  his  entire 
life.  It  was  his  daughter,  Rebecca,  also  a  native  of  Colchester  county,  who 
became  the  wife  of  John  S.  Crowe  and  the  mother  of  Sanford  J.  Crowe. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Truro,  Nova  Scotia,  Sanford  J.  Crowe  pursued  his 
education  and  later  was  apprenticed  to  the  carpenter's  trade,  at  which  he  served 
from  1883  until  1885.  Subsequently  he  was  in  the  employ  of  Thomas  Dunne  & 
Company,  of  Truro,  with  whom  he  remained  until  1888,  when  he  came  to  British 
Columbia,  settling  at  Vancouver,  where  he  took  up  the  carpenter's  trade.  He 
was  thus  engaged  as  a  journeyman  carpenter  until  1901,  at  which  time,  in  part- 
nership with  Charles  H.  Wilson,  he  embarked  in  the  contracting  and  building 
business  under  the  firm  name  of  Crowe  &  Wilson.  They  met  with  success  in 
that  undertaking,  many  important  contracts  being  awarded  them,  while  various 
substantial  structures  of  this  city  still  stand  as  monuments  to  their  ability  and 
enterprise.  They  continued  to  prosper  as  the  years  passed  on  and  conducted  an 
extensive  and  gratifying  business  until  1908,  when  both  parties  practically  retired 
from  active  connection  with  the  business  although  the  firm  remains  intact.  Both 
Mr.  Crowe  and  Mr.  Wilson  now  devote  their  attention  largely  to  looking  after 
their  common  and  private  interests.  The  former  has  become  a  large  owner  of 
realty  and  also  has  other  private  business  and  financial  connections.  As  a  con- 
tractor he  saw  opportunity  for  judicious  investments  and  from  time  to  time 
added  to  his  holdings  until  he  now  derives  a  gratifying  annual  income  therefrom. 
In  1905  he  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Cascade  Steam  Laundry  Company. 
Ltd.,  of  which  he  is  the  secretary-treasurer.  He  also  has  other  financial  interests 


SANFORD  J.  CROWE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  355 

and  for  the  past  two  years  has  been  vice  president  and  active  in  the  affairs  of 
the  Vancouver  Exhibition  Association. 

,Mr.  Crowe  was  appointed  in  July  to  represent  the  city  of  Vancouver  on  the 
board  of  the  Burrard  Peninsula  Sewerage  Commission,  also  known  as  the  Greater 
Vancouver  Sewer  Commission,  which  was  created  by  the  government  at  the  last 
session  of  the  legislature  and  will  begin  their  work  August  i,  1913.  In  speaking 
of  Mr.  Crowe  as  one  of  the  members  of  the  new  commission,  Attorney-General 
Bowser  refers  to  him  as  being  in  a  class  by  himself,  and  having  had  years  of  wide 
experience  in  sewer  construction  in  Vancouver,  he  is  indispensible  to  the  board. 
Ever  since  the  provisional  board  was  conceived  nearly  two  years  ago  Mr.  Crowe 
has  taken  a  very  active  part  and  always  been  a  sincere  worker  for  the  establish- 
ment of  a  permanent  commission  to  conduct  this  much-needed  work. 

On  the  1 9th  of  March,  1901,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Crowe  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Annie  C.  Smythe,  a  daughter  of  Richard  Smythe,  a  minister  and 
farmer  of  Bathurst,  New  Brunswick.  Mrs.  Crowe  passed  away  April  29, 
1912,  leaving  two  children,  Richard  Elmer  and  Harold  Stinson.  In  politics 
Mr.  Crowe  is  a  liberal,  taking  active  and  helpful  part  in  support  of  the  party, 
and  since  1909  has  served  as  alderman  of  the  city,  his  term  expiring  in  1914.  He 
belongs  to  the  Terminal  City  Club  and  to  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  has  ever 
been  interested  in  matters  pertaining  to  the  growth,  development,  welfare  and 
progress  of  Vancouver  and  for  a  number  of  years  he  was  a  member  of  the 
board  of  managers  of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital.  He  takes  active  and 
helpful  interest  in  all  that  pertains  to  general  progress  and  has  been  generous  in 
his  support  of  measures  to  ameliorate  the  hard  conditions  of  life  for  the  unfort- 
unate. What  he  has  undertaken  he  has  accomplished  and  while  he  stands  today 
among  the  successful  business  men  of  Vancouver  he  has  never  concentrated  his 
attention  upon  business  affairs  to  the  exclusion  of  other  duties,  recognizing  fully 
his  obligations  to  his  fellowmen  and  to  the  community  at  large. 


BLANCHARD  E.  NEVILLE. 

One  of  the  leading  productive  industries  of  Vancouver  is  conducted  under  the 
name  of  the  Dominion  Fish  Company,  Ltd.,  with  Blanchard  E.  Neville  as  presi- 
dent. Careful  management,  a  utilization  of  all  the  opportunities  which  have  come 
to  him  and  thorough  reliability  have  been  the  salient  features  in  his  life  record 
and  have  gained  for  him  the  enviable  position  which  he  now  occupies  in  the 
business  circles  of  his  adopted  city.  He  was  born  in  Nova  Scotia,  in  1878,  a  son 
of  E.  H.  and  Mary  (Adams)  Neville,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  that  province. 
About  1893  they  removed  westward  to  Winnipeg,  where  they  still  reside. 

Blanchard  E.  Neville  was  a  student  at  Dalhousie  College,  in  Halifax,  Nova 
Scotia,  where  he  was  graduated  with  the  class  of  1901.  He  then  went  west  to 
Winnipeg  and  entered  the  employ  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Company, 
spending  the  first  year  in  the  office  of  the  accountant  of  the  sleeping  and  dining 
car  department,  and  afterward  going  upon  the  road  as  inspector  in  the  same 
department.  He  traveled  from  Halifax  to  Vancouver  and  continued  in  that 
position  until  April,  1908,  when  he  retired  to  engage  in  business  on  his  own 
account.  He  bought  out  the  Dominion  Fish  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  is 
president  and  manager,  and  although  this  business  came  into  his  possession  only 
in  1908  it  had  been  established  for  many  years  and  is  the  oldest  wholesale  fish 
enterprise  in  British  Columbia.  By  far  the  greater  part  of  the  output  is  shipped 
outside  of  the  province,  being  distributed  throughout  Alberta,  Saskatchewan, 
Manitoba  and  Ontario,  while  shipments  are  made  as  far  east  as  Toronto.  The 
first  carload  of  fish  to  leave  British  Columbia  was  sent  out  by  this  company  in 
1913 — a  load  of  fresh  halibut.  They  also  supply  the  majority  of  retail  markets 
in  Vancouver  and  the  province  and  have  the  largest  fish  smoking  plant  on  the 
Pacific  coast,  in  the  busy  season  smoking  from  nine  to  ten  tons  of  fish  per  day. 


356  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

These  are  packed  in  their  large  plant  under  the  registered  name  of  the  Dominion 
Brand  and  are  shipped  through  brokers  to  all  countries.  The  business  has  grown 
year  by  year  until  it  has  reached  mammoth  proportions,  making  it  one  of  the 
chief  productive  industries  of  the  city.  In  1910  Mr.  Neville  was  joined  by  his 
brother,  W.  S.  Neville,  formerly  of  Winnipeg,  who  is  now  secretary  of  the 
company.  The  plant  is  splendidly  equipped  for  carrying  on  the  work  in  all  of  its 
departments  and  a  large  force  of  employes  assist  in  salting,  smoking  and  pre- 
paring the  fish  for  the  market. 

On  the  8th  of  April,  1909,  Mr.  Neville  was  married  in  Vancouver  to  Miss 
Margaret  Bunn,  a  daughter  of  Alfred  Bunn,  a  well  known  pioneer  of  this  city 
who  came  from  Manitoba.  They  have  one  child,  Edwina.  In  politics  Mr. 
Neville  is  a  conservative,  but  has  never  taken  an  active  part  in  political  affairs. 
He  is  interested  in  the  game  of  baseball,  and  for  two  years  was  manager  of  the 
Winnipeg  baseball  team.  He  belongs  to  Vancouver  Lodge,  B.  P.  O.  E.,  and  to 
the  Canadian  Order  of  Foresters,  and  his  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Methodist 
church.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Commercial  Club.  His  interests  in  life  are  varied 
and  he  is  always  loyal  to  any  cause  which  he  espouses.  His  advancement  in  the 
business  world  is  the  merited  reward  of  ability  and  fidelity,  and  indicates  what 
may  be  accomplished  when  energy  and  determination  are  basic  elements  in  one's 
career. 


JOHN  McLELLAN  MACKINNON. 

British  Columbia  is  endowed  with  splendid  natural  resources,  and  conse- 
quently there  has  come  to  this  section  of  the  country  a  class  of  enterprising  men 
who  recognize  the  advantages  here  offered  and  in  the  capable  control  of  busi- 
ness affairs  have  not  only  contributed  to  individual  success  but  have  been  factors 
in  the  substantial  improvement  and  upbuilding  of  the  country.  To  this  class 
belongs  John  McLellan  Mackinnon,  investment  broker  of  Vancouver,  who  has 
labored  along  many  lines  that  have  been  of  substantial  benefit  to  this  section  of 
the  country.  He  was  born  on  the  island  of  Eigg  in  Inverness-shire,  Scotland, 
September  i,  1863,  a  son  of  Charles  and  Mary  (McLellan)  Mackinnon.  The 
father  was  connected  with  the  geodetic  survey  department  of  the  admiralty  for 
a  number  of  years,  or  until  his  retirement  from  active  life. 

In  the  acquirement  of  his  education  John  M.  Mackinnon  attended  the  public 
schools  and  the  Watts  Institute  of  Edinburgh,  and  when  a  young  man  of  twenty- 
two  years  arrived  in  British  Columbia  in  1885.  ^n  the  fall  of  that  year  he  went 
to  Oregon,  in  the  United  States,  where  he  engaged  in  sheep  ranching  for  six 
years,  and  then  returned  to  this  province  and  initiated  his  career  in  the  land  and 
timber  business  in  which  he  has  continued  to  be  actively  interested  to  the  present 
time.  In  1891  he  purchased  Hardy  island  comprising  one  thousand  six  hundred 
and  ninety-nine  acres  which  he  devoted  to  the  preservation  of  game,  being  one 
of  the  first  men  in  the  province  to  promote  the  protection  of  game  on  private 
preserves.  This  island  remains  in  his  possession  to  the  present  time  and  is  still 
devoted  to  its  original  purpose.  Mr.  Mackinnon  has  been  actively  connected 
with  the  development  of  mines,  timber  and  the  natural  resources  of  the  country 
generally  for  the  past  twenty  years  and  his  labors  have  been  an  element  in  the 
substantial  growth  of  the  province,  while  at  the  same  time  his  careful  control 
of  his  individual  interests  has  brought  the  success  which  numbers  him  among 
Vancouver's  substantial  residents. 

In  1897  he  erected  the  Mackinnon  building  in  Vancouver  which  was  the 
first  office  building  of  any  importance  to  be  built  in  that  city  and  which,  at  that 
time,  was  considered  the  most  modern  building  in  the  city.  Besides  his  personal 
interests,  Mr.  Mackinnon  has  been  a  director  in  numerous  business  companies 
and  corporations.  In  1906  he  organized  the  business  and  built  the  plant  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Pulp  Company,  Ltd.,  at  Swanson  Bay,  British  Columbia,  and 


JOHN  M.  MACKINNON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  359 

was  managing  director  of  the  company  for  six  years  and  in  that  connection 
developed  a  business  of  large  proportions.  He  is  heavily  interested  in  mining 
and  timber  lands  in  different  sections  of  the  province,  being  the  owner  of  more 
than  twenty  thousand  acres  of  timber  land  on  the  coast  of  British  Columbia.  He 
also  has  extensive  holdings  in  farm  and  fruit  lands,  among  other  properties 
being  a  ranch  of  one  thousand  two  hundred  acres  in  the  Lillooet  district,  which 
is  devoted  primarily  to  horse  and  cattle  raising,  while  three  hundred  acres  are 
under  cultivation. 

Mr.  JVlackinnon  has  recently  been  commissioned  a  justice  of  the  peace  in 
the  province,  this  being  the  only  public  office  he  has  ever  filled.  His  political 
belief  is  that  of  the  conservative  party.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Club, 
the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Club  and  is  a  life  member  of  the  London  Inverness- 
shire  Association  of  London,  England,  one  of  the  most  exclusive  associations  in 
Great  Britain.  He  is  a  life  member  of  the  Vancouver  Rowing  Club.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Vancouver  Board  of  Trade  and  is  in  sympathy  with  all  its  efforts 
to  promote  the  business  interests  of  the  city,  to  extend  its  trade  relations,  to 
exploit  its  natural  advantages  and  enhance  its  beauty.  In  a  word,  he  is  a  public- 
spirited  citizen,  cooperating  in  various  measures  for  the  general  welfare. 

On  the  2ist  of  June,  1894,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Mackinnon  was  married  to 
Miss  Jean  McGregor  Grant,  a  daughter  of  Captain  Alexander  and  Isabel  Drys- 
dale  (Dodds)  Grant.  Her  father  was  for  many  years  connected  with  the  local 
navy  reserves  in  New  Zealand  but  is  now  retired.  The  children  of  this  marriage 
are  Charles  Donald  Grant,  Isabel  Mary  and  Ian  Malcolm.  The  religious  faith  of 
the  family  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian  church. 

It  is  a  matter  of  interesting  history  to  know  that  Mr.  Mackinnon  purchased 
the  first  ticket  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  ever  sold  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland, 
to  Victoria,  British  Columbia.  The  railroad,  however,  was  unable  to  get  him 
'through  and  so  transferred  him  in  New  York  and  he  came  to  this  province  by 
way  of  the  Northern  Pacific  and  over  the  line  of  the  Oregon  Railway  &  Navi- 
gation Company,  the  Canadian  Pacific  not  having  been  completed  until  the  fol- 
lowing year.  For  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  Mr.  Mackinnon  has  been  a 
witness  of  the  development  of  the  northwest,  living  continuously  in  British 
Columbia,  save  for  the  brief  period  spent  in  Oregon,  and  he  takes  just  pride  in 
what  has  been  accomplished  in  this  most  western  of  the  Canadian  provinces,  the 
transformation  being  so  great  as  to  appear  almost  magical  when  one  recognizes 
how  sparsely  settled  was  this  section  in  1885 — the  year  of  his  arrival. 


HERBERT   WILLIAM    BAKER. 

Industry  and  intelligence  constitute  the  key  which  unlocks  the  portals  of  suc- 
cess. These  qualities  may  be  cultivated  by  any  and  thus  the  opportunity  for 
business  advancement  is  open  to  all.  Not  all,  however,  preserve  in  the  perform- 
ance of  the  task  to  which  they  set  themselves  and  thus  develop  their  latent  powers 
and  talents.  Determined  to  win  success  by  persistent,  honorable  effort,  Herbert 
William  Baker  has  constantly  advanced,  and  since  1905  has  been  secretary  and 
treasurer  of  the  Pacific  Loan  Company,  which  he  organized  in  that  year.  The 
following  year  he  organized  the  Northern  Securities,  Limited,  and  has  since  been 
its  president,  bending  his  energies  to  the  accomplishment  of  the  purpose  for 
which  the  two  companies  stand.  He  was  born  in  Kingston,  Ontario,  July  24, 
1869,  and  is  a  son  of  William  Ford  and  Frances  (Funnell)  Baker.  The  former 
was  descended  from  an  old  family  of  United  Empire  Loyalists  who  came  from  the 
New  England  colonies  and  settled  in  Prince  Edward  county,  Ontario,  at  the  time 
of  the  American  revolution.  He  was  later  a  prominent  merchant  of  Trenton, 
Ontario,  for  many  years,  and  in  1902  made  his  way  westward  to  Portage  la 
Prairie,  Manitoba,  where  he  engaged  in  general  business  and  farming,  owning 
and  cultivating  a  tract  of  land  of  six  hundred  and  forty  acres  within  the  limits  of 


360  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

that  city.    Thereon  he  resided  until  his  death  in  1909,  while  his  wife  had  passed 
away  in  the  previous  year. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Trenton,  Ontario,  Herbert  W.  Baker  mastered  the 
preliminary  branches  of  learning,  while  his  more  advanced  course  was  pursued 
in  Queen's  University  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  where  he  was  graduated  in  1891, 
winning  the  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree.  He  took  up  the  profession  of  teaching  at 
the  collegiate  institute  at  Glencoe,  Ontario,  where  he  remained  as  an  instructor 
until  1895.  He  then  went  to  Portage  la  Prairie  to  become  science  master  of  the 
collegiate  institute  there,  and  subsequently  was  made  principal  of  that  collegiate 
and  superintendent  of  the  Portage  la  Prairie  schools,  in  which  position  he  con- 
tinued until  1902,  being  recognized  as  a  prominent  and  active  factor  in  the  educa- 
tional development  of  that  section. 

On  coming  to  Vancouver  in  1902,  Mr.  Baker  entered  business  circles  as  a 
representative  of  the  Great  West  Life  Insurance  Company,  with  which  he  was 
connected  for  two  years.  He  then  engaged  in  the  general  real-estate  and  financial 
brokerage  business,  and  in  1905  organized  the  Pacific  Loan  Company,  of  which 
he  became  secretary  arid  treasurer,  remaining  in  the  dual  position  to  the  present 
time.  He  further  extended  his  activities  in  1906  in  the  organization  of  the  North- 
ern Securities,  Limited,  of  which  he  has  since  been  the  president.  These  two  com- 
panies conduct  a  general  real-estate,  loan,  insurance  and  financial  brokerage  busi- 
ness, act  as  executors,  administrators  and  trustees,  and  do  other  work  of  similar 
nature.  They  have  been  established  upon  a  safe,  substantial  basis,  and  are  con- 
ducting a  growing  and  profitable  business.  The  plans  of  the  two  companies  have 
been  carefully  formulated  and  embody  in  large  part  the  ideas  and  business  man- 
agement of  Mr.  Baker,  who  has  acquainted  himself  with  every  phase  of  the 
financial  situation  of  the  northwest,  and  is  equally  well  known  for  his  correct 
valuation  of  property.  In  fact  he  is  well  qualified  to  handle  any  branch  of  the, 
business  and  his  discernment  and  sagacity  have  constituted  important  features 
in  his  success. 

On  the  I4th  of  June,  1898,  Mr.  Baker  was  married  at  Portage  la  Prairie  to 
Miss  Charlotte  Richardson,  a  daughter  of  William  R.  Richardson,  of  Kingston, 
Ontario,  and  their  children  are  Donald,  Wallace,  Helen,  Gordon  and  Russell.  The 
parents  hold  membership  in  the  Methodist  church  and  Mr.  Baker  votes  with  the 
liberal  party.  There  is  no  esoteric  phase  in  all  of  his  life  history;  his  record 
being  an  open  book  that  all  may  read.  At  the  outset  of  his  career  he  realized 
the  fact  that  there  is  no  royal  road  to  wealth.  A  noted  financier  has  said :  "If 
you  would  win  success,  you  must  be  willing  to  pay  the  price — the  price  of  self- 
sacrifice,  earnest  effort  and  diligence ;"  and  this  Mr.  Baker  has  done,  gaining  for 
himself  a  creditable  and  honorable  position  among  the  well  and  favorably  known 
business  men  of  Vancouver. 


DONALD  NEIL  McTAVISH. 

Donald  Neil  McTavish,  sole  proprietor  of  the  real-estate,  insurance  and  loan 
business  operated  under  the  name  of  McTavish  Brothers,  was  born  in  Beeton, 
Ontario,  on  the  2d  of  October,  18/8,  and  is  a  son  of  Peter  and. Margaret  (Mac- 
Millan)  McTavish,  both  representatives  of  old  Scotch  families.  He  acquired 
his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Manitoba  and  British  Columbia  coming 
to  the  latter  province  in  1889  and  afterward  taught  school  in  Fraser  Valley  and 
Rossland,  British  Columbia,  following  this  occupation  from  1897  to  I9°2-  Dur- 
ing some  of  this  time  he  was  principal  of  the  South  Ward  school  in  Rossland 
but  he  eventually  resigned  this  position  in  order  to  enter  the  employ  of  the 
International  Correspondence  Schools  of  Scranton,  Pennsylvania,  in  whose 
interests  he  worked  for  seven  years  in  British  Columbia.  In  the  spring  of 
1910  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  here  identified  himself  with  the  real-estate, 
insurance  and  loan  business,  forming  a  partnership  with  his  brother  Peter  D. 


DONALD  N.  McTAVISH 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  363 

McTavish  under  the  firm  name  of  McTavish  Brothers.  They  dissolved  part- 
nership in  1911,  but  Donald  N.  McTavish  still  uses  the  old  firm  title.  He  con- 
trols a  large  and  important  trade  and  his  success  has  come  as  a  natural  result 
of  the  able  management  of  his  business,  his  ability,  energy  and  practical  judg- 
ment. He  is  a  director  in  the  Western  Residential  Schools  of  Vancouver  and 
in  the  Investors  Guarantee  Corporation,  Ltd. 

On  the  1 5th  of  December,  1909,  in  Hillsboro,  New  Brunswick,  Mr.  Mc- 
Tavish married  Miss  Mabel  Evelyn  Sherwood,  a  daughter  of  Abraham  and 
Mary  Sherwood,  and  they  have  one  son,  Donald  Sherwood.  The  parents  are 
members  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  Mr.  McTavish  belongs  to  the  Alpine 
Club.  Fraternally  he  is  identified  with  the  Masonic  lodge  in  Calgary,  Alberta, 
and  his  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  liberal  party.  Although  one  of  the 
later  arrivals  in  Vancouver,  he  has  already  made  his  influence  felt  in  business 
circles  and  today  stands  high  among  the  men  of  marked  ability  and  substantial 
worth  in  the  community. 

JOHN   G.  WOODS. 

Throughout  a  period  of  residence  in  Vancouver  and  the  vicinity  dating  from 
1886  John  G.  Woods  has  firmly  entrenched  himself  in  the  regard  and  esteem  of 
his  fellow  citizens  and,  constantly  following  high  standards  of  business  and  per- 
sonal integrity,  has  reached  a  position  of  importance  in  business  circles.  He  is  at 
present  the  proprietor  of  the  large  wharfage  and  storage  business  operated  by 
J.  G.  Woods  &  Company  and  is  connected  with  many  other  representative 
concerns.  He  was  born  in  Chatham,  Ontario,  in  November,  1856,  and  is  a  son  of 
the  late  Robert  Stuart  and  Emma  Elizabeth  (Schwarz)  Woods.  The  paternal 
branch  of  the  family  has  been  in  Canada  for  many  generations,  the  grandfather, 
James  Woods,  having  been  a  prominent  lawyer  at  Sandwich,  Ontario.  He  married 
a  daughter  of  Commodore  Grant,  at  one  time  administrator  of  Upper  Canada  and 
a  man  of  much  prominence  in  Ontario.  Their  son,  Robert  Stuart  Woods,  father 
of  the  subject  of  this  review,  was  born  in  Sandwich,  and  after  he  reached  maturity 
followed  'in  his  father's  footsteps  and  practiced  law,  rising  to  be  judge  of  the 
county  court  of  Kent  and  becoming  also  queen's  counsel.  He  spent  his  entire  life 
in  Ontario  and  died  at  Chatham  when  he  was  eighty-seven  years  of  age.  Mrs. 
Woods,  mother  of  the  subject  of  this  review,  was  a  daughter  of  General  Schwarz, 
of  Michigan.  She  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  and  went  to  Michigan 
in  pioneer  times,  driving  overland  in  a  carriage.  Her  father  came  west  as  a 
partner  of  John  Jacob  Astor  and  established  and  conducted  for  many  years  a 
fur-trading  business  at  Detroit.  She  has  also  passed  away,  her  death  having 
occurred  at  Chatham  when  she  was  eighty-seven  years  of  age. 

The  public  schools  of  his  native  city  afforded  John  G.  Woods  his  early 
educational  opportunities  and  he  was  afterward  a  student  in  the  Upper  Canada 
College.  In  1879  he  began  his  independent  career,  going  to  Colorado,  where  he 
engaged  in  prospecting  and  silver  mining  for  some  time,  later  returning  to 
Canada,  and  in  1882  locating  in  Winnipeg.  After  a  few  months  he  secured  a 
position  as  accountant  and  superintendent  of  the  old  Bell  farm  near  that  city,  but 
this  he  resigned  in  1884  in  order  to  work  on  the  construction  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railroad  through  the  Canadian  Rockies.  After  one  year  at  this  work  he 
returned  to  Qu'Appelle  and  joined  Major  Bell,  then  chief  transport  officer,  as 
superintendent  of  transports  from  Fort  Qu'Appelle  to  the  Touchwood  hills,  later 
extending  his  territory  to  Fish  creek  and  other  points.  He  remained  until  the 
close  of  the  Riel  rebellion,  and  then  in  the  fall  of  1885  returned  to  the  mountains, 
making  a  journey  through  British  Columbia,  and  in  that  year  visiting  the  town  of 
Granville,  now  Vancouver.  In  the  following  year  he  returned  to  the  city  and 
started  work  for  Leamy  &  Kyle,  who  owned  the  second  mill  established  on  False 
creek,  and  rose  to  be  manager  of  this  concern,  afterward  becoming  superintendent 


364  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  the  Moodyville  mills.  For  six  years  he  retained  that  connection,  but  at  the 
end  of  that  time  leased  a  large  tract  of  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  land  near 
False  creek  and  established  himself  in  business  as  a  shingle  manufacturer,  forming 
a  partnership  with  a  Mr.  Spicer.  A  few  years  later  the  latter  disposed  of  his 
interests  in  the  concern  and  from  that  time  until  1912  Mr.  Woods  conducted  the 
business  alone.  He  closed  the  plant  in  1912,  and  since  that  time  has  been  sole 
proprietor  of  the  wharfage  and  storage  business  operated  under  the  name  of 
J.  G.  Woods  &  Company,  meeting  with  his  usual  well  deserved  success  in  the 
conduct  of  this  enterprise.  He  was  for  several  years  president  of  the  Export 
Lumber  &  Shingle  Company,  which  was  also  dissolved  in  1912,  and  he  was  for 
two  years  president  of  the  Employers  Association  of  Vancouver.  Since  the 
organization  of  the  Vancouver  Board  of  Trade,  in  the  '8os,  he  has  been  a  member 
of  this  body,  and  he  is  a  life  governor  of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital,  on  the 
board  of  which  he  served  for  a  number  of  years.  These  connections  indicate 
something  of  the  scope  and  extent  of  his  interests  into  which  he  has  been 
carried  in  the  course  of  twenty-eight  years'  residence  in  this  city.  His  affairs  are 
conducted  in  an  able  and  straightforward  manner,  his  name  standing  as  a  synonym 
for  integrity,  probity  and  ability. 

In  June,  1902,  Mr.  Woods  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Frances  Bennett 
McDougall,  a  daughter  of  the  late  Alexander  McDougall,  of  Vancouver,  and 
they  have  one  daughter,  Vivian  Amy.  Mrs.  Woods  is  well  known  in  social 
circles  of  this  city  and  belongs  to  the  Georgian  Club  and  the  Jericho  Country 
Club.  Mr.  Woods  has  also  important  club  affiliations,  holding  membership  in 
the  Vancouver  Club,  of  which  he  was  the  president  in  1908,  in  the  Union  Club 
of  Victoria,  the  United  Empire  Club  of  London  and  the  Jericho  Country  Gub. 
He  belongs  to  the  Masonic  lodge  and  is  president  of  the  British  Columbia  Thor- 
oughbred Association.  He  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and,  although 
not  active  as  an  office  seeker,  is  interested  in  the  welfare  of  the  city  where  he 
has  so  long  resided,  the  years  having  brought  to  him  a  creditable  position  as  a 
valued  citizen  and  business  man. 


RICHARD  CHARLES  HODGSON. 

The  success  which  has  come  to  Richard  Charles  Hodgson,  president  and 
manager  of  the  Hodgson  Plumbing  &  Heating  Company,  Limited,  of  Vancouver, 
is  the  direct  result  of  his  intelligently  directed  effort  and  thorough  understanding 
of  the  business  in  which  he  embarked  as  a  young  tradesman.  He  was  born 
February  22,  1875,  m  Chilliwack,  British  Columbia,  his  parents  being  Richard 
W.  and  Sarah  Elizabeth  Hodgson,  both  now  deceased,  having  passed  away  in 
Vancouver.  The  father  was  engaged  in  mining  in  the  Cariboo  country  in  the 
early  days,  thence  removed  to  Chilliwack  and  then  worked  for  seventeen  years 
for  the  Moodyville  Sawmill  Company  at  Moodyville  as  chief  engineer,  resign- 
ing in  1886.  Throughout  his  life  the  son  has  been  a  resident  of  British  Columbia, 
the  greater  part  of  his  youth,  as  well  as  his  manhood,  being  passed  in  Vancouver, 
where  he  was  a  pupil  in  the  public  and  high  schools. 

After  leaving  school  Mr.  Hodgson  learned  the  plumbing  business  and  was 
employed  for  a  time,  but  later  started  out  on  his  own  account  as  a  member 
of  the  firm  of  Knowdell  &  Hodgson.  This  partnership  was  continued  from 
1896  until  1903,  when  the  firm  dissolved  and  Mr.  Hodgson  was  joined  by 
another  partner,  forming  the  firm  of  Hodgson  &  Stearman,  under  which  name 
business  was  conducted  until  1910,  when  they  dissolved  partnership  and  Mr. 
Hodgson  then  incorporated  under  the  style  of  the  Hodgson  Plumbing  &  Heating 
Company,  Limited.  Mr.  Hodgson  was  elected  president  and  managing  director, 
and  in  that  connection  largely  controls  the  policy  of  the  business.  He  is  constantly 
seeking  out  new  methods  for  the  development  of  the  trade  and  from  the  begin- 
ning has  ever  recognized  the  fact  that  satisfied  patrons  are  the  best  advertise- 


RICHARD   C.   HODGSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  367 

ment.  The  character  of  the  service  rendered  to  the  public,  based  upon  thorough 
knowledge  of  the  trade,  has  brought  him  success  and  he  is  now  at  the  head  of  a 
profitable  and  growing  business.  In  1913,  he  erected  the  present  structure  at 
No.  1174  Burrard  street  and  there  the  business  is  now  conducted  along  con- 
stantly expanding  lines. 

That  Mr.  Hodgson's  interests  are  broad  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  is 
now  president  of  the  South  Vancouver  Board  of  Trade,  this  being  his  fourth 
successive  year  in  that  office;  is  a  director  of  the  British  Columbia  Agricultural 
&  Industrial  Society,  and  is  president  of  the  South  Vancouver  Conservative 
Association.  The  latter  affiliation  indicates  his  political  preference.  He  was 
also  chairman  of  the  South  Vancouver  school  board  from  1906  until  1908,  in- 
clusive. All  these  indicate  the  trend  of  his  activity  in  connection  with  public 
events  and  interests. 

Mr.  Hodgson  was  married  on  the  I4th  of  June,  1899,  'n  Vancouver,  to  Miss 
Minnie  Gale,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Eliza  Ann  Gale,  well  known  farming 
people  in  Ontario,  and  they  have  four  sons,  Percival,  James,  Walter  and  Ed- 
ward. The  religious  faith  of  the  family  is  that  of  the  Methodist  church  and  in 
addition  to  his  membership  therein  Mr.  Hodgson  is  a  past  master  of  Mount 
Hermon  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver,  and  a  member  of  the  Mystic 
Shrine.  He  likewise  belongs  to  the  Commercial,  Progress,  Vancouver  Automo- 
bile and  Canadian  Clubs.  He  is  a  forceful  and  active  member  of  the  Board  of 
Trade  and  it  was  through  the  efforts  of  Mr.  Hodgson  that  the  North  Arm  of  the 
Eraser  river  received  the  attention  of  that  body  during  his  incumbency  as  chair- 
man. The  agitation  for  the  improvement  of  this  important  part  of  the  river 
was  started  during  that  time.  It  is  sure  to  come  and  the  next  few  years  will 
undoubtedly  show  great  improvements  and  development  there.  An  appropriation 
of  two  hundred  thousand  dollars  by  the  Dominion  government  was  made  in  May, 
1913,  for  this  purpose.  His  appointment  to  the  North  Eraser  harbor  commis- 
sion has  been  most  popular  among  all  parties  and  sections.  Four  years  ago  he 
predicted  the  future  of  the  North  Arm  and  has  never  ceased  to  work  to  bring  the 
possibilities  of  the  fresh-water  channel  before  the  people.  Mr.  Hodgson  stands 
for  all  that  is  beneficial  in  citizenship  and  is  a  stalwart  champion  of  all  interests 
and  projects  which  are  a  matter  of  civic  virtue  and  civic  pride.  His  life  has 
been  actuated  by  high  and  honorable  principles  in  every  relation,  and  he  com- 
mands the  respect  and  confidence  of  those  with  whom  he  has  been  associated. 


R.   G.   CHAMBERLIN. 

Among  the  departments  of  municipal  government  which  are  of  utmost 
importance  to  the  well-being  of  a  city  is  none  that  is  of  more  vital  bearing  to 
every  citizen  than  the  department  of  police,  and  to  efficiently  handle  a  large  force 
in  a  city  as  tremendously  growing  as  Vancouver,  in  which  there  naturally  is  a 
floating  element  of  considerable  size,  demands  a  capable  and  experienced  head. 
R.  G.  Chamberlin,  who  for  five  years  and  seven  months,  from  1907  until  the  close 
of  1912,  had  been  the  chief  of  the  department  and  who  on  the  first  of  the  fol- 
lowing year  accepted  an  important  position  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad 
Company  in  Montreal,  placed  the  police  force  of  Vancouver  on  an  excellent 
footing  during  the  term  of  his  general  superintendency. 

Mr.  Chamberlin  is  a  native  of  Canada,  having  been  born  at  Chelsea,  in  the 
province  of  Quebec,  on  August  24,  1863.  He  there  spent  his  early  boyhood  and 
received  his  education  in  the  public  schools.  Police  work  seemed  to  have  a  natural 
attraction  for  him,  and  as  he  had  talents  in  that  direction  and  a  keen,  perceptive 
mind  he  joined,  in  1884,  the  Dominion  police  force  at  Ottawa,  and  in  the  course 
of  years  discharged  his  duties  with  such  excellence,  faithfulness,  courage  and 
circumspection  that  he  gradually  was  promoted,  until  in  1897  he  was  appointed 
inspector  of  the  Dominion  secret  service,  in  which  body  are  employed  only  the 


368  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

most  able  of  men,  and  he  served  in  that  capacity  until  1907,  in  which  year  he 
became  chief  of  police  in  Vancouver.  When  he  entered  upon  his  duties  the 
force  was  well  adapted  to  the  needs  of  a  small  provincial  city,  but  as  the  coast 
town  grew  to  metropolitan  proportions  he  built  up  the  police  system,  instituting 
new  departments  and  enlarging  those  existing  and  doing  highly  superior  work 
while  in  office,  preserving  law  and  order  in  a  remarkable  manner.  It  may  be  said 
of  him  that  he  virtually  was  the  father  of  the  police  department  of  Vancouver  as 
it  exists  today.  The  lawless  elements  which  for  a  time  were  evident  in  various 
parts  of  the  city  disappeared  from  sight  as  if  by  magic  and  well  known  regulations 
were  instituted  by  him  to  insure  the  safety  of  citizens  which  was  placed  in  his 
trust.  Although  Chief  Chamberlin  was  stern  and  exacting  as  the  chief  officer  of  the 
force  and  expected  every  man  to  do  his  duty  as  well  and  conscientiously  as  he 
would  do  it  himself,  he  was  kindly  in  his  ways  and  lenient  to  the  first  offender 
whom  by  timely  advice  he  often  helped  to  turn  back  to  the  path  of  right  and 
mend  his  ways.  In  fact  the  invisible  part  of  his  work  in  that  respect  must  be  as 
highly  estimated  as  those  reforms  which  he  brought  about  that  were  open  to 
every  eye. 

Shortly  before  January  i,  1913,  Chief  Chamberlin  presented  his  resignation  to 
the  mayor,  not  on  account  of  the  slightest  difficulty  concerning  his  position  but 
simply  because  he  saw  it  his  duty  to  accept  a  position  which  offered  him  a  wider 
scope  for  his  abilities  and  a  larger  financial  return,  and  he  terminated  his  duties 
as  the  police  chief  shortly  before  the  end  of  the  year,  and  on  the  ist  of  January, 
1913,  accepted  a  most  responsible  position  in  the  service  of  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railroad  under  Sir  Thomas  Shaughnessy  in  Montreal.  That  he  is  popular  and 
largely  appreciated  for  the  work  he  has  done  in  this  city  is  evidenced  by  the 
many  tokens  which  he  received  in  gratitude  for  his  services  and  the  many  good 
wishes  which  accompany  him  to  his  new  position.  The  resignation  of  Chief 
Chamberlin  was  largely  a  surprise  and  not  a  pleasant  surprise  to  the  citizens 
of  this  growing  community,  who  saw  in  him  represented  the  means  of  preserving 
law  and  order.  In  his  official  work  he  had  been  so  uniformly  successful  that 
there  never  occurred  to  anyone  a  thought  of  the  possibility  of  his  dropping  out  of 
the  department  or  leaving  the  city.  The  entire  department  under  his  regime  for 
five  and  a  half  years  has  been  highly  effective,  and  the  personal  loyalty  which 
he  inspired  by  his  spirit  in  his  men  was  most  satisfactory  to  the  citizens  of 
the  community.  In  dealing  with  the  general  public  the  chief  has  always  been 
singularly  happy  in  his  affairs,  and  the  high  regard  and  confidence  which  have 
been  placed  in  him  are  truly  warranted  and  highly  merited. 


HENRY  GREENSHIELDS  LOCKWOOD. 

The  bar  of  British  Columbia  numbers  among  its  younger  and,  by  consensus 
of  public  opinion,  its  most  able  representatives  Henry  Greenshields  Lockwood, 
practicing  in  Vancouver  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Taschereau  &  Lockwood, 
barristers  and  solicitors.  He  was  born  in  Sorel,  Quebec,  January  22,  1888, 
and  is  a  son  of  Herbert  and  Marietta  Lockwood,  who  for  many  years  were 
the  only  English-speaking  people  in  that  community.  His  family  contains  many 
prominent  representatives,  Mr.  Lockwood  being  related  to  the  late  Sir  Frank 
Lockwood,  of  London,  England,  a  prominent  barrister  of  the  last  century  and 
a  well  known  and  widely  read  author. 

Mr.  Lockwood  had  a  splendid  educational  preparation  for  his  life  work,  for 
after  leaving  Queen's  school  in  Vancouver  he  entered  the  Collegiate  Institute 
at  Victoria  and  was  afterward  a  student  in  Trinity  College,  Port  Hope,  Ontario. 
He  spent  one  year  in  the  Royal  Military  College  of  Kingston,  in  the  same  prov- 
ince, attending,  however,  only  one  year,  after  which  he  received  his  honorable 
discharge.  Having  determined  to  study  law,  he  was  articled  to  L.  G.  McPhillips, 
K.  C.,  one  of  the  leading  barristers  in  Vancouver,  and  was  also  for  a  short  time 


HENRY   G.   LOCKWOOD 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  371 

with  Mr.  Taschereau  in  the  same  city.  He  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British 
Columbia  in  1912  and  started  immediately  in  practice  with  his  former  preceptor, 
the  firm  of  Taschereau  &  Lockwood  being  formed.  This  connection  has  since 
been  maintained  and  the  firm  is  one  of  the  most  reliable  in  the  city.  Mr. 
Lockwood  has  proven  himself  an  able  barrister,  well  versed  in  the  underlying 
principles  of  his  profession  and  possessed  of  the  keen  mind  and  the  forceful 
personality  necessary  to  make  knowledge  effective  in  any  field.  As  a  consequence 
his  practice  has  grown  rapidly  and  although  he  has  been  only  one  year  at  the 
bar  he  today  occupies  a  position  of  weight  in  legal  circles. 

Mr.  Lockwood  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church  and  is  a  conservative 
in  his  political  beliefs,  his  influence  being  always  on  the  side  of  right,  reform 
and  advancement.  At  the  age  of  twenty-five  he  has  already  won  a  credit- 
able place  at  the  bar,  and,  being  ambitious,  able  and  energetic,  will  undoubtedly 
continue  to  make  rapid  and  steady  progress  in  his  chosen  field. 


GERALD  UPTON. 

Gerald  Upton  is  secretary  of  the  school  board  of  Vancouver,  in  which  con- 
nection he  is  putting  forth  earnest  effort  to  advance  the  educational  facilities 
which  the  city  offers  to  the  young.  He  was  born  in  London,  England,  in  June, 
1879,  a  son  °f  Edward  and  Elizabeth  (Fox)  Upton,  both  natives  of  Kent  county, 
England,  where  they  still  reside. 

Gerald  Upton  was  educated  for  the  bar,  being  articled  for  three  years,  but  he 
did  not  feel  that  the  profession  was  that  to  which  he  wished  to  devote  his  life 
work,  and  in  1898,  when  a  youth  of  nineteen  years,  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  the 
Dominion,  spending  two  years  in  upper  Canada.  He  afterward  traveled  exten- 
sively, visiting  California,  Japan  and  China,  and  spending  two  summers  in  Alaska. 
He  then  joined  the  mounted  police  and  went  to  Africa,  where  he  served  for  two 
years  in  the  Boer  war.  He  returned  to  Canada  in  1903,  and  for  six  years  was 
in  the  employ  of  John  Helliwell.  He  next  returned  to  England  for  a  short  time, 
but  again  came  to  this  country  in  1911,  and  took  up  the  auditing  and  accounting 
business.  In  1912  he  was  engaged  to  investigate  the  affairs  of  the  board  of 
school  trustees  and  later  in  the  same  year  was  tendered  the  position  of  secretary 
of  the  board,  in.  which  capacity  he  is  now  ably  serving,  seeking  through  the 
exercise  of  his  official  duties  to  further  the  interests  of  the  schools  of  the  city. 
In  politics  he  is  a  conservative,  but  has  never  been  active  as  a  party  worker. 

In  April,  1907,  Mr.  Upton  was  married  in  Vancouver  to  Miss  E.  J.  Holmes, 
who  was  born  in  Hong  Kong,  China,  of  English  parentage.  The  three  children 
of  this  marriage  are  Herbert,  Jack  and  Edward.  Mr.  Upton's  extensive  travel 
and  wide  experience  have  made  him  an  interesting  companion,  and  a  genial 
nature  contributes  to  make  his  a  pleasing  personality. 


THEODORE   HATTON   CALLAND. 

Theodore  Hatton  Calland,  sole  proprietor  of  the  important  real-estate  concern 
conducted  under  the  name  of  T.  H.  Calland  &  Company,  and  for  twenty-four 
years  past  one  of  the  able  and  substantial  business  men  of  Vancouver,  was  born 
in  Neath,  south  Wales,  May  25,  1863,  his  parents  being  John  Forbes  and  Harriet 
i..  Calland.  In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  he  attended  Cheltenham  College 
in  England  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  came  to  the  United  States,  becoming 
connected  with  the  Bank  of  North  America  in  New  York.  He  held  his  position 
with  this  concern  for  a  number  of  years,  being  transferred  from  New  York  to 
Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  in  1888.  In  the  following  year  he  resigned  this 
position  and  established  himself  in  the  real-estate  business,  with  which  he  has 
vol.  in— 13 


372  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

been  continuously  identified  since  that  time.  His  business  is  operated  under  the 
name  of  T.  H.  Calland  &  Company,  but  he  is  the  sole  proprietor,  and  to  his 
initiative  spirit,  his  enterprise  and  keen  business  discrimination  the  concern  owes 
all  of  its  growth  and  development. 

On  the  ist  of  June,  1898,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Calland  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Kathleen  Hebden,  and  they  have  four  children,  Vera,  Phyllis,  Barbara 
and  John  Christopher.  The  parents  are  well  known  in  social  circles  of  Van- 
couver and  Mr.  Calland  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  and  Western  Clubs.  He  gives 
his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  is  interested  in  public  affairs, 
having  served  from  1907  to  1908  as  a  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen.  He  is, 
however,  not  in  any  sense  an  office  seeker,  preferring  to  concentrate  his  energies 
upon  his  business  affairs,  which,  capably  conducted,  are  bringing  him  richly 
merited  success.  During  the  twenty-five  years  of  his  residence  in  Vancouver  his 
sterling '  worth  has  come  to  be  widely  acknowledged,  his  business  enterprise 
having  gained  him  distinction  in  commercial  circles  and  his  business  probity 
standing  as  an  unquestioned  fact  in  his  career. 


CAPTAIN  E.  J.  FADER. 

The  term  "captain  of  industry"  finds  its  justification  in  the  life  record  of 
Captain  E.  J.  Fader,  of  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia,  a  man  who  by 
the  sheer  force  of  his  will,  his  ability,  his  foresight  and  his  initiative  built  up 
mammoth  enterprises  which  have  been  stones  in  the  foundation  upon  which 
rests  the  industrial  development  of  the  province.  That  his  qualities  are  of  a 
character  far  beyond  those  possessed  by  the  majority  no  one  doubts,  and  yet 
in  manner  Captain  Fader  never  indicates  that  he  recognizes  or  knows  aught 
of  his  own  superiority.  Everlastingly  he  pushed  on,  never  losing  sight  of  his 
purpose,  never  forgetting  for  a  moment  the  goal  before  him,  ever  conscious 
that  his  aim  was  justifiable  and  his  course  honorable.  The  thing  supremely 
worth  having  in  all  this  world  is  opportunity,  coupled  with  the  capacity  to  do 
well  and  worthily  a  piece  of  work,  the  doing  of  which  shall  be  of  vital  sig- 
nificance. Opportunity  and  the  capacity  were  given  to  Captain  Fader  and  he 
has  used  both  wisely  and  well.  As  manager  of  the  British  Columbia  Trans- 
portation Company,  an  organization  which  controls  property  in  excess  of  a 
million  dollars,  he  holds  a  foremost  position  in  business  life  in  western  Canada, 
but  this  connection  does  not  exhaust  by  any  means  his  activities.  Coming  to 
New  Westminster  in  1902,  he  saw  a  great  opportunity  in  the  timber  business 
and  at  one  time  owned  more  timber  land — an  area  exceeding  six  hundred  square 
miles — than  any  other  man  in  Canada  and  in  order  to  bring  about  the  develop- 
ment of  this  vast  tract  and  facilitate  its  exploitation  formed  great  companies 
which  became  cornerstones  in  the  timber  industry.  As  a  pioneer  he  accom- 
panied surveying  expeditions  at  the  time  of  early  railroad  construction,  in  the 
'8os.  He  was  a  master  of  steamboats,  being  at  that  time  instrumental  in  sav- 
ing (the  passengers  and  crew  of  a  sinking  vessel.  Moreover,  he  is  active  in 
timber  cruising  and  mining,  being  successful  along  these  various  lines.  He 
built  the  first  modern  hotel  in  New  Westminster  and  in  other  ways  contributed 
to  the  growth  of  the  city.  A  versatile  man  of  no  mean  talents,  he  improved 
his  outlook  upon  the  world  by  extensive  travel  in  Europe  and  the  Hawaiian 
Islands  and  has  become  known,  as  the  years  have  passed,  as  one  of  the  fore- 
most judges  of  commercial  conditions  in  the  Canadian  northwest. 

Captain  Fader  was  born  in  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  on  December  12,  1863, 
a  son  of  John  Henry  and  Mary  Ann  (Mason)  Fader,  natives  of  Halifax. 
When  a  boy  of  fourteen  E.  J.  Fader  proceeded  westward  to  Port  Arthur  and 
during  the  early  construction  of  the  railroad  between  the  Great  Lakes  and 
Manitoba,  which  now  forms  a  part  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  system,  carried 
his  blankets  over  the  old  Dawson  road  to  Fort  Steele.  The  road  was  then 


CAPTAIN  E.  J.  FADER 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  375 

under  construction,  Percell  &  Ryan  having  charge  of  the  work.  During  the 
years  1878  and  1879  tne  road  was  completed  to  Winnipeg,  it  being  taken  over 
in  the  latter  year  by  the  Canadian  Pacific.  In  1880  Captain  Fader  joined  one 
of  the  first  surveying  expeditions  into  the  north  Saskatchewan  territory,  their 
party  laying  out  all  the  base  lines  in  North  Saskatchewan  between  Prince  Albert 
and  Carleton  lake.  From  there  during  the  year  1882  to  the  spring  of  1883 
he  made  his  way  down  to  the  north  shore,  where  he  was  at  the  time  when  the 
troops  of  the  Kiel  rebellion  passed  through  there.  In  1884  he  retraced  his 
way  to  the  summit  of  the  Selkirks  and  in  1885,  when  the  Canadian  Pacific 
line  was  built,  was  still  there,  having  at  that  time  the  pleasure  of  welcoming 
Lady  Macdonald,  wife  of  the  then  premier,  and  presented  her  with  a  bouquet 
of  wild  flowers  which  he  had  picked  himself.  He  knew  of  the  coming  of  Sir 
John  and  Lady  Macdonald  and  the  idea  of  a  floral  gift  from  the  mountain  lands 
appealed  to  him  as  strongly  appropriate  and,  needless  to  say,  was  accepted  by 
Lady  Macdonald  in  the  same  spirit.  During  the  years  1886  and  1887  he  remained 
in  the  mountains  but  in  1888  went  to  Vancouver,  where  he  engaged  in  steam- 
boating.  During  his  first  year,  when  Captain  Fader  was  running  the  steamer 
Muriel,  the  Beaver  was  lost  outside  the  Vancouver  Narrows  on  August  13, 
1888,  and  upon  his  return  from  Chemainus  about  twelve  o'clock  midnight,  he 
discovered  the  Beaver  in  distress  on  the  rocks  and  went  to  her  assistance. 
He  worked  to  save  her  until  four  o'clock  in  the  morning  but  after  breaking 
his  towline  several  times  gave  up,  as  the  tide  was  falling  fast  and  she  was 
expected  every  moment  to  sink.  In  the  meantime,  however,  he  had  lowered 
his  boats  and  taken  off  all  of  her  passengers  and  crew.  From  his  recollection 
there  were  about  forty  passengers  rescued,  all  of  whom  were  taken  aboard  his 
vessel  with  the  exception  of  the  captain,  who  remained  until  the  Beaver  went 
down,  but  he  also  was  later  picked  up.  The  Beaver  was  the  first  boat  that  ever 
turned  a  wheel  on  the  Pacific  ocean.  From  1888  to  1892  Captain  Fader  con- 
tinued as  master  but  subsequently  engaged  in  exploring  the  country  and  timber 
cruising,  making  himself  during  that  time  master  of  the  Chinook  dialect  which 
he  was  able  to  talk  fluently  with  all  of  the  Indian  tribes.  After  this  period  he 
for  ten  years  engaged  in  mining  and  various  other  enterprises,  spending  two 
years  thereof  in  Europe  and  six  months  in  the  Hawaiian  Islands. 

In  1902  Captain  Fader  came  to  New  Westminster  and,  perceiving  the  great 
future  in  store  for  the  little  city  which  had  then  about  five  thousand  inhabi- 
tants, he  decided  to  make  it  his  headquarters.  During  his  trip  abroad  he  was 
married  on  September  21,  1899,  to  Miss  Lucy  Ashby,  of  London,  England,  and 
on  his  return  selected  New  Westminster  as  his  home  and  has  ever  since  resided 
here.  Engaging  in  the  timber  business,  he  at  one  time  owned  more  land  of 
that  description  than  any  other  man  in  Canada,  holding  title  to  more  than  six 
hundred  square  miles  of  timber  and  is  still  controlling  large  tracts.  Finding, 
however,  at  the  time  that  he  could  not  handle  so  enormous  a  proposition  in- 
dividually, he  organized  many  large  companies  who  took  over  part  of  his  hold- 
ings and  in  that  way  contributed  largely  to  the  growth  of  the  timber  business 
in  the  province.  He  was  instrumental  in  founding  the  Small  &  Bucklin  Lum- 
ber Company,  who  control  more  than  one  billion  feet;  the  American  Timber 
Holding  Company,  who  control  nearly  three  billion  feet;  the  Nimpkish  Log- 
ging Company,  who  own  their  own  railway  and  control  upward  of  one  billion 
feet;  and  the  Quesnelle  Lake  Lumber  Holding  Company,  who  control  about 
six  hundred  million  feet.  Captain  Fader  also  promoted  the  Fraser  River  Tan- 
nery located  across  the  Fraser  river  from  New  Westminster.  He  is  still  a 
stockholder  in  all  of  these  companies  with  the  exception  of  the  one  first  men- 
tioned. He  gave  a  great  impetus  to  the  expansion  of  the  city  by  building  with 
his  own  capital  the  Russell  Hotel  in  New  Westminster,  the  only  first  class  house 
in  the  city,  disposing  of  the  same,  however,  in  1910.  Subsequently  he  made  a 
trip  to  England,  there  spending  eighteen  months,  during  which  stay  he  organ- 
ized a  number  of  companies.  The  Vancouver  Island  Timber  Syndicate  is  one 
of  these  important  ventures.  He  also  promoted  the  Cambricol  Company,  Limited, 


376  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

a  land-holding  company,  and  the  British  Columbia  Transport  Company,  of  the 
latter  of  which  Captain  Fader  is  still  the  manager.  This  company  has  extensive 
interests  in  New  Westminster  and  vicinity,  controlling  about  one  million  dol- 
lars worth  of  property.  They  own  the  largest  docks  along  the  water  front  of 
the  city,  including  a  general  building  supply  plant  and  a  rock  and  gravel  plant 
having  a  capacity  of  one  thousand  yards  of  crushed  rock  and  gravel  per  day. 
They  also  own  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  worth  of  tugs,  barges 
and  floating  properties.  The  beneficial  effect  which  the  commercial  activities 
of  Captain  Fader  have  had  upon  the  commercial  development  of  New  West- 
minster and  British  Columbia  can  hardly  be  estimated  but  it  is  recognized  on 
all  sides  that  he  is  one  of  the  most  enterprising  and  foremost  men  in  the  city, 
who  has  not  only  promoted  enterprises  in  his  own  interest  but  gives  as  much 
consideration  to  the  effect  his  activities  have  upon  the  general  welfare. 

Captain  and  Mrs.  Fader  are  the  parents  of  one  daughter,  Eva  Joan.  They 
are  members  of  the  Church  of  England,  taking  an  earnest  interest  in  the  work 
of  the  church  and  its  allied  societies.  Fraternally  Captain  Fader  is  known  as 
a  member  of  the  blue  lodge  of  Masons  and  of  the  local  lodges  of  the  Benevo- 
lent Protective  Order  of  Elks  and  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose.  His  public 
spirit  has  found  expression  in  the  efficient'  service  which  he  rendered  his  city 
by  becoming  a  member  of  one  of  its  boards  of  aldermen  in  1908-1909.  Captain 
Fader  is  an  optimist,  yet  a  man  shrewd  and  gifted  with  an  extraordinarily  sound 
judgment.  He  has  an  infinite  faith  in  the  future  of  his  adopted  city  and  per- 
sonally has  done  much  to  make  that  future  a  reality.  Wherever  movements  are 
underway  for  the  promotion  of  projects  along  material  or  intellectual  lines  he  can 
be  found  in  the  front  ranks  of  those  who  are  willing  to  give  their  share  of 
time  and  money  to  such  projects.  New  Westminster  is  proud  to  call  him  one 
of  her  citizens  and  is  grateful  for  what  he  has  been  able  to  accomplish  in  her 
behalf. 


CHARLES  RANSOME  GILBERT. 

Charles  Ransome  Gilbert  is  manager  of  the   insurance  department   of  the 

London  &  British  North  America  Company,  Ltd.,  and  there  is  no  phase  of  the 

insurance  business   with  which   he   is   not   familiar     He   was  born   in   Chicago, 

August  8,  1863,  his  parents  being  Charles  and  Jane  Gilbert.    The  father  was  one 

of  the  early  merchants  of  that  city  and  for  thirty  years  was  a  well  known 

member  of  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade.    The  public  schools  of  Chicago  furnished 

Charles  Ransome  Gilbert  his  educational  opportunities,  and  in  early  manhood  he 

left  home  to  find  what  he  believed  to  be  broader  and  better  advantages  in  the 

west.    For  three  years  he  followed  various  pursuits,  and  then,  in  1883,  returned 

to  Chicago,  where  he  entered  the  employ  of  a  lumber  company.     In  the  fall  of 

1887  he  went  to  California,  where  he  engaged  in  ranching  for  two  years,  and 

then  turned  his  attention  to  the  insurance  business,  with  which  he  has  since  been 

connected  in  various  capacities.    In  1900  he  came  to  Vancouver  as  secretary  of  the 

Board  of  Underwriters,  and  at  that  time  reorganized  the  board.    Gradually  he  has 

worked  his  way  upward  in  the  insurance  field  as  he  has  mastered  the  business 

in  principle  and  detail,  and  in   1908  he  was  appointed  to  his  present  position 

as  manager  of  the  insurance  department  of  the  London  &  British,  North  America 

Company,  Ltd.,  which  position  he  has  held  continuously  since.    Aside  from  this 

he  has  made  considerable  investments  in  real  estate.     Moreover,  he  was  one  of 

the  first  directors  of  the  Horse  Show  Association  of  Vancouver  and  has  remained 

director  and  treasurer  of  the  organization  since  its  inception. 

On  the  ist  of  February,  1896,  Mr.  Gilbert  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Elizabeth  Porter,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Norman  Porter,  New  England 
people  who  came  to  the  coast  at  an  early  day.  The  only  child  of  this  marriage 
is  John  Porter  Gilbert.  Mr.  Gilbert  belongs  to  the  Presbyterian  church  and  is 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  377 

well  known  in  club  circles  through  his  membership  in  the  Terminal  City,  Jericho 
Country  and  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Clubs.  His  friends — and  they  are  many — 
find  him  a  genial,  courteous  gentleman  and  one  to  whom  opportunity  means 
success  whether  for  the  benefit  of  himself  or  of  some  public  measure. 


JOHN   FORBES   MAGUIRE. 

A  mind  at  once  original,  daring  and  conservative ;  a  business  ability  which  has 
been  developed  by  many  years  of  active  and  prominent  connection  with  important 
financial  and  business  interests;  an  initiative  spirit,  an  administrative  power  and 
a  public  spirit  embracing  interest  in  numerous  and  radically  different  phases  of 
municipal  development — these  have  brought  John  Forbes  Maguire  to  a  place  of 
distinction  in  Vancouver,  where  since  1905  he  has  made  his  home,  and  where  he 
has  thoroughly  identified  himself  with  the  cause  of  community  advancement  and 
development.  The  city  owes  to  him  in  large  measure  the  foundation  of  its  Stock 
Exchange,  the  organization  of  the  great  Canadian  Club  and,  along  business  lines, 
the  development  of  one  of  the  most  important  manufacturers'  agencies  in  the 
province,  besides  the  great  debt  incurred  through  his  many  substantial  contribu- 
tions to  general  business  progress  and  the  effect  which  his  individual  success  has 
had  upon  commercial  and  financial  standards. 

Mr.  Maguire  was  born  in  Dublin,  Ireland,  on  the  2Qth  of  July,  1856,  and  is 
a  son  of  the  Reverend  Thomas  and  Anne  Maguire,  and  a  representative  of  one 
of  the  oldest  families  in  the  Emerald  isle,  the  clan  of  Maguire  having  been  prom- 
inent in  County  Fermanagh  since  the  thirteenth  century.  The  public  schools  of 
his  native  city  afforded  him  his  educational  opportunities,  and  after  he  laid  aside 
his  books  at  the  age  of  eighteen  he  became  connected  with  the  Cork  branch  of 
the  Bank  of  Ireland,  serving  in  various  capacities  and  winning  rapid  advancement, 
finally  becoming  one  of  the  most  trusted  representatives  of  the  institution  and  a 
far-sighted  and  discriminating  financier.  From  1892  to  1899  he  operated  on  the 
stock  exchange,  becoming  a  member  of  the  exchanges  in  Dublin  and  Cork,  and  he 
became  known  as  an  able  and  successful  manipulator,  accumulating  a  large  for- 
tune, which,  however,  was  wiped  out  at  the  time  of  the  Boer  war,  when  he  met 
with  heavy  financial  reverses.  Mr.  Maguire  remained  in  Ireland  until  1905,  but 
in  that  year  came  to  Canada,  settling  in  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  where  he 
established  himself  in  business  as  a  manufacturer's  agent,  representing  English 
manufacturers  exclusively.  This  line  of  business  has  since  claimed  his  attention, 
and  his  prosperity  and  prominence  have  increased  steadily,  his  interest  being  now 
of  an  extensive  and  important  character.  In  1910  the  Anglo-British  Columbia 
Agency,  Ltd.,  was  incorporated  in  London,  the  headquarters  of  the  concern,  and 
in  the  same  year  was  licensed  in  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Maguire  being  appointed 
managing  director  of  the  provincial  offices.  This  position  he  has  held  since 
that  time  and  the  connection  has  proved  an  excellent  one  for  himself  and  for  the 
corporation  which  he  represents.  He  has  used  his  fine  executive  and  organizing 
ability,  his  discrimination,  foresight  and  sound  judgment  as  the  basis  of  work 
which  has  been  vital  and  far-reaching  in  its  effects  and  which  has  influenced  in  an 
important  way  the  industrial,  commercial  and  financial  growth  of  the  city. 
During  the  period  of  his  residence  here,  Mr.  Maguire  has  not  limited  his  activi- 
ties to  one  field,  but  has  been  a  leader  of  development  along  many  lines,  having 
been  among  the  first  founders  of  the  Vancouver  Stock  Exchange  and  among  the 
organizers  of  the  Canadian  Club  at  Vancouver.  His  interests  have  all  been  of  a 
constructive  character  and  his  work  beneficial  in  its  purposes,  his  well  directed 
activities  having  brought  him  today  to  a  high  position  among  the  men  of  marked 
ability  and  substantial  worth  in  the  community. 

On  the  1 2th  of  June,  1879,  in  Cork,  Ireland,  Mr.  Maguire  married  Miss 
Anna  McNamara,  a  daughter  of  Richard  and  Elizabeth  McNamara,  and  they 
have  two  children,  Eileen  and  Gordon.  Eileen  Maguire  is  recognized  as  the  lead- 


378  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

ing  contralto  in  Vancouver  and  is  in  great  demand  as  a  professional  singer,  com- 
manding the  highest  prices.  Her  brother  Gordon  is  an  automobile  expert  and 
well  known  in  this  capacity  in  the  city.  Both  have  before  them  promising  careers 
and  have  already  upheld  the  reputation  of  the  family  for  superior  work  along 
lines  which  claim  their  interest.  Another  well  known  representative  of  the 
Maguire  family  is  John  F.  Maguire's  brother,  Dr.  Miller  Maguire,  who  is  a  fel- 
low of  the  Royal  Historical  Society  and  a  member  of  the  bars  of  England  and 
Ireland.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Inns  of  Temple  London  Volunteers  and  has 
received  the  Order  of  the  Rising  Sun,  conferred  upon  him  by  the  emperor  of 
Japan  in  recognition  of  the  services  which  he  rendered  that  country  through  his 
book  on  the  Russo-Japanese  war. 

Fraternally  John  Forbes  Maguire  is  connected  with  the  Masonic  order,  hold- 
ing membership  in  an  English  lodge,  and  he  still  retains  his  interest  in  football, 
to  which  he  gave  a  great  deal  of  time  in  early  life.  He  is  an  old  international 
rugby  player,  having  "got  his  cap"  for  Ireland  in  1884,  and  before  leaving  his 
native  country  was  president  of  the  Irish  Rugby  Union.  He  is  an  excellent 
type  of  the  present-day  business  man,  modern  in  his  views,  progressive  in  his  ideas 
and  possessed  of  that  public  spirit  which  makes  his  individual  success  a  factor 
in  community  development.  He  is  well  and  favorably  known  in  Vancouver,  and 
is  undoubtedly  one  of  the  most  eminent  and  successful  men  of  the  city,  his  name 
being  held  in  high  regard  and  honor  wherever  it  is  known. 


HOWARD  PAGE  CARPER. 

A  man  whose  executive  ability,  progressive  spirit  and  power  of  organization 
and  control  have  been  important  elements  in  his  rapid  rise  to  prosperity  and 
prominence  in  business  circles  of  Vancouver  is  Howard  Page  Carper,  president 
of  Thompson  &  Carper,  Limited,  and  connected  with  other  important  corporate 
interests  in  different  parts  of  Canada.  He  was  born  in  Winnipeg,  Manitoba, 
April  24,  1879,  and  is  a  son  of  Page  and  Emma  Carper,  the  former  a  pioneer 
railroad  man  in  that  province. 

The  public  schools  of  Winnipeg  afforded  Howard  P.  Carper  his  early  educa- 
tional opportunities  and  he  afterward  entered  Manitoba  University,  from  which 
he  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  in  1900  and  later  with  the  degree 
of  LL.  B.  Afterward  he  read  law  with  Aikins,  Culver  &  Pitblado  in  Winnipeg 
and  was  called  to  the  Manitoba  bar  in  1903.  He  was  alone  in  the  practice  in  his 
native  city  for  six  years,  after  which  he  became  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  Potts, 
Carper  &  Thompson,  barristers.  This  became  a  strong  and  reliable  law  firm  and 
was  connected  with  a  great  deal  of  important  litigation,  their  clientage  being 
representative  and  extensive.  The  partnership  existed  until  the  death  of  Mr. 
Potts  in  1911,  when  it  was  dissolved,  the  firm  of  Thompson  &  Carper,  Limited, 
being  afterward  formed  with  headquarters  at  Vancouver.  They  established 
themselves  in  this  city  as  investment  brokers  and  dealers  in  farm,  timber  and 
coal  lands  and  Mr.  Carper  was  made  president,  a  position  which  he  still  holds. 
The  company  controls  a  large  investment  brokerage  business  and  its  interests 
along  all  lines  are  extensive,  it  being  one  of  the  largest  and  most  important  of 
its  kind  in  the  city.  As  its  head  Mr.  Carper  has  constant  demands  upon  his  tact, 
his  executive  ability  and  general  efficiency — demands  which  are  always  met  fully 
and  completely,  the  success  of  the  institution  being  in  a  large  measure  due  to  him. 
His  ability  and  force  have  naturally  carried  him  forward  into  other  important 
business  relations  and  he  is  now  president  of  the  Manitoba  Timber  Company, 
Limited,  of  Winnipeg,  and  a  director  in  the  Canadian  Western  Electric  Company, 
connections  which  indicate  something  of  the  importance  of  his  business  standing 
and  the  scope  and  variety  of  his  interests. 

At  Portage  la  Prairie,  Manitoba,  on  the  loth  of  September,  1906,  Mr.  Carper 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Leila  Mawhinney,  a  daughter  of  William  and 


HOWARD  P.  CARPER 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  381 

Isabel  Mawhinney,  pioneers  in  that  part  of  the  province.    Mr.  and  Mrs.  Carper 
have  two  children,  Gordon  Howard  and  Margery  Isabel. 

Mr.  Carper  is  a  member  of  the  Assiniboine  Club  of  Winnipeg  and  the 
Carleton  Club  of  the  same  city.  He  is  a  liberal  in  his  political  views  and  fra- 
ternally is  identified  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Knights 
of  Pythias.  A  man  of  more  than  ordinary  ability  and  energy,  he  has  attained 
the  enviable  place  which  he  now  occupies  in  business  and  social  circles  of  Van- 
couver by  his  own  resourcefulness,  progressive  spirit  and  firm  determination — 
qualities  in  his  character  which  form  the  basis  of  his  success.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Methodist  church  and  is  a  man  who  commands  and  holds  the  confidence 
and  high  regard  of  all  who  are  in  any  way  associated  with  him. 


THEODORE  MACFARLANE  KNAPPEN. 

Theodore  Macfarlane  Knappen,  late  manager  and  secretary  of  the  Coquitlam 
Terminal  Company,  possesses  a  spirit  of  enterprise  that  recognizes  opportunity 
and  utilizes  it  to  its  full  extent.  His  efforts  and  activities  in  the  field  of  real 
estate  have  led  to  the  settlement  and  susbtantial  improvement  of  various  sections 
of  western  Canada,  which,  indeed,  owes  much  to  his  efforts  in  inducing  immigra- 
tion to  this  part  of  the  country.  Mr.  Knappen  realized  how  valuable  conditions 
here  could  become  and  set  to  work  to  induce  his  fellow  countrymen  to  improve 
the  opportunity  of  becoming  residents  of  western  Canada.  He  was  born  in 
Poynette,  Wisconsin,  October  23,  1871,  a  son  of  Theodore  and  Sarah  Knappen. 
Following  the  removal  of  the  family  to  Minnesota  he  pursued  his  education  in  the 
public  schools  of  that  state  and  in  the  University  of  Minnesota,  from  which  he 
was  graduated  with  the  class  of  1891,  winning  the  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree. 
After  about  two  years  as  civil  engineer  in  Washington  and  Montana  he  turned 
his  attention  to  the  newspaper  business  in  Minneapolis,  spending  about  fifteen 
years  in  that  city  and  St.  Paul,  during  which  time  he  was  connected  with  every 
department  of  newspaper  publication.  This  proved  an  excellent  training  school 
for  his  later  work  when  he  came  to  exploit  the  advantages  and  opportunities  of 
the  west.  His  initial  step  in  this  direction  was  made  when  he  accepted  the  office 
of  secretary  and  general  manager  of  the  Western  Canadian  Immigration  Associ- 
ation. In  fact,  he  practically  organized  this  body  after  he  entered  its  employ 
and  mapped  out  its  work,  the  purposes  of  the  association  being  to  educate  the 
people  of  the  United  States  concerning  the  advantages  of  settling  in  Canada 
He  made  his  headquarters  largely  in  Winnipeg,  and  here  his  newspaper  experi- 
ence served  him  in  good  stead,  for  he  was  active  in  the  promotion  of  publicity  in 
American  periodicals,  exploiting  the  interests  and  opportunities  of  the  country. 
It  was  a  logical  step  from  that  business  into  the  land  business  and  incidentally  he 
acquired  large  holdings  in  British  Columbia,  as  he  saw  opportunity  for  judicious 
investments.  When  the  Coquitlam  Terminal  Company  was  organized  in  1911 
he  was  called  upon  to  take  up  the  management  of  the  business,  and  was  also 
elected  secretary  of  the  company.  He  was  for  two  years  most  active  in  control 
of  its  affairs,  thoroughly  understands  every  phase  of  the  real-estate  business,  and 
in  exploiting  its  interests  contributed  to  public  progress  as  well  as  to  individual 
prosperity.  He  is  a  director  in  a  number  of  local  business  corporations  and 
companies  in  western  Canada  besides  others  in  the  United  States. 

On  the  ist  of  July,  1896,  in  Minneapolis,  Minnesota,  Mr.  Knappen  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Nellie  Cross,  a  daughter  of  Judson  N.  and  Clara  (Norton) 
Cross,  representatives  of  old  New  England  families.  The  father  was  a  veteran  of 
the  Civil  war,  in  which  he  served  with  the  rank  of  captain.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Knappen  are  the  parents  of  three  children,  Judson,  Theodore,  Jr.,  and  Phoebe. 
The  parents  are  members  of  St.  George's  Anglican  church.  He  has  various  fra- 
ternal and  club  relations,  belonging  to  the  Psi  Upsilon  of  the  University  of  Minne- 
sota and  the  famous  American  honorary  society,  the  Phi  Beta  Kappa,  of  the 


382  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

University  of  Minnesota.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  Golf  Club,  the 
Progress  Club,  the  University  Club  and  the  Terminal  City  Club  of  Vancouver, 
and  to  the  Commercial  Club  of  Minneapolis.  He  has  a  wide  acquaintance  in 
leading  cities  on  each  side  of  the  border.  The  characteristic  American  enterprise 
is  manifest  in  all  that  he  undertakes,  and  in  exploiting  the  interests  of  western 
Canada  he  has  not  only  won  substantial  success  for  himself  but  has  also  greatly 
promoted  the  interests  of  this  section  of  the  country. 


THOMAS  EDWARD  ATKINS. 

Thomas  Edward  Atkins,  a  Vancouver  capitalist  whose  name  has  figured 
prominently  in  connection  with  the  drug  trade,  the  lumber  business  and  with  saw- 
milling  and  salmon-packing  industries,  as  well  as  with  extensive  real-estate 
operations,  belongs  to  that  class  of  representative  men  who  in  advancing  indi- 
vidual interests  have  also  contributed  to  public  progress  through  the  utiliza- 
tion of  the  natural  resources  of  the  country  and  through  the  establishment  of 
growing  business  activities.  He  was  born  in  Truro,  Nova  Scotia,  January  24, 
1857,  and  is  a  son  of  John  Milner  and  Mary  (Yuill)  Atkins,  the  former  a  son  of 
Thomas  E.  Atkins,  who  came  to  Canada  from  England,  settling  at  Bytown,  now 
the  city  of  Ottawa,  Ontario,  and  later  removed  to  Quebec,  where  he  was  in  the 
service  of  the  Dominion  government  until  his  death.  His  son,  John  M.  Atkins, 
was  born  in  Bytown  and  was  there  reared  and  educated  untfl  he  accompanied  his 
parents  on  their  removal  to  Quebec.  In  1852,  when  a  young  man,  he  took 
passage  on  a  sailing  vessel  for  Australia,  attracted  by  the  news  of  the  discoverey 
of  gold  in  that  country.  The  vessel  was  wrecked  in  Miramichi  Bay  and  he  barely 
escaped  with  his  life,  losing  all  his  possessions.  Making  his  way  to  New  Bruns- 
wick, he  there  engaged  in  teaching  for  a  time  and  afterward  went  to  Nova 
Scotia,  settling  at  Truro,  where  he  married  and  continued  to  reside  for  a  long 
period.  He  was  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  until  1895,  when  he  disposed 
of  his  interests  in  the  east  and  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  lived  retired  until 
his  death.  His  wife,  who  bore  the  maiden  name  of  Mary  Yuill,  was  descended 
from  ancestors  who  came  from  Fifeshire,  Scotland,  and  settled  in  Nova  Scotia. 
Mrs.  Atkins  accompanied  her  husband  to  British  Columbia  and  her  last  days 
were  also  passed  in  Vancouver. 

Thomas  E.  Atkins  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  Truro,  Nova  Scotia,  and  in 
1870  he  entered  upon  an  apprenticeship  to  his  uncle,  who  was  engaged  in  the 
retail  drug  business  in  Truro.  After  the  completion  of  a  five  years'  apprentice- 
ship he  spent  one  year  in  his  uncle's  employ  and  in  1877  went  to  Montreal, 
where  he  attended  lectures  and  passed  the  necessary  examinations  that  won  him 
his  certificate  to  engage  in  the  drug  business  as  a  registered  pharmacist  in  the 
province  of  Quebec.  This  was  in  1878.  He  afterward  went  to  Halifax,  Nova 
Scotia,  to  manage  the  retail  drug  business  of  Forsythe,  Sutcliffe  &  Company, 
with  whom  he  remained  for  a  year,  when  in  1879  ne  removed  to  Londonderry, 
Nova  Scotia,  and  embarked  in  the  retail  drug  business  on  his  own  account  at 
the  Londonderry  iron  mines.  There  he  remained  for  a  decade,  or  until  1889, 
when  he  sold  his  interests.  During  his  residence  there  he  was  postmaster  for 
seven  years.  In  1889  ne  came  to  Vancouver  and  entered  the  real-estate  business, 
in  which  he  engaged  for  six  months,  after  which  he  established  a  drug  store  on 
Hastings  street,  conducting  it  under  the  name  of  Medical  Hall.  In  the  spring  of 
1892  he  was  joined  by  his  brother,  John  M.  Atkins,  and  they  continued  in  busi- 
ness as  Atkins  &  Atkins  until  1895,  when  they  amalgamated  their  interests  with 
H.  McDowell  and  H.  H.  Watson.  The  new  enterprise  was  incorporated  as  The 
McDowell- Atkins-Watson  Company.  The  business  grew  to  large  proportions  and 
they  operated  a  chain  of  ten  drug  stores  in  Vancouver.  In  1902  this  company 
amalgamated  with  Henderson  Brothers,  wholesale  druggists,  and  continued  the 
wholesale  and  retail  interests,  both  being  carried  on  under  the  same  titles  as 


THOMAS  E.  ATKINS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  385 

before  the  amalgamation  until  1907,  when  they  sold  to  the  National  Drug  Com- 
pany. Mr.  Atkins  then  retired  from  the  drug  business  and  has  since  devoted  his 
time  to  the  management  of  his  various  investments.  He  has  been  largely  inter- 
ested in  lumber,  in  sawmilling  and  salmon  packing  industries,  and  has  also 
carried  on  extensive  real-estate  operations.  In  association  with  J.  W.  Weart,  he 
organized  the  Metropolitan  Building  Company,  Ltd.,  which  erected  the  Metro- 
politan building  on  Hastings  street,  West.  This  is  one  of  the  finest  office  build- 
ings in  the  city.  Since  that  time  he  has  been  secretary  of  the  company  and 
practically  manager  of  the  building.  The  business  affairs  which  have  claimed 
the  time  and  energies  of  Mr.  Atkins  have  been  extensive  and  important.  Starting 
out  in  life  in  a  comparatively  humble  way,  he  has  steadily  advanced  and  his  de- 
veloping powers  and  awakened  energies  have  carried  him  into  important  rela- 
tions, so  that  he  is  classed  today  with  Vancouver's  leading  capitalists. 

On  the  24th  of  November,  1880,  in  Londonderry,  Nova  Scotia,  Mr.  Atkins 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Jennie  C.  Crowe,  a  daughter  of  James  McKinney 
Crowe,  of  Onslow,  Nova  Scotia.  Mr.  Atkins  is  a  thirty-second  degree  Mason 
and  has  been  very  active  in  Masonic  circles.  He  has  passed  through  the  chair  in 
North  Star  Lodge,  No.  74,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  Nova  Scotia;  Keith  Chapter, 
R.  A.  M.,  Truro,  Nova  Scotia,  and  Columbia  Preceptory  No.  34,  K.  T.  He  is 
likewise  a  noble  of  the  Mystic  Shrine  and  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of 
Foresters.  He  belongs  to  the  Terminal  City  Club,  of  which  he  served  as  presi- 
dent for  three  years,  is  a  conservative  in  politics,  and  attends  St.  Andrew's  Pres- 
byterian church.  In  these  different  affiliations  and  connections  are  to  be  found 
the  principles  and  rules  which  govern  his  conduct.  He  stands  as  a  man  among 
men — capable,  alert,  enterprising  and  progressive,  his  life  history  indicating  what 
can  be  accomplished  when  there  is  a  will  to  dare  and  to  do. 


SYDNEY  RICHMOND  MARGETSON. 

It  is  readily  conceded  that  the  man  who  promotes  real-estate  transactions  influ- 
ences public  growth  in  a  vital  degree,  and,  considered  in  that  light,  Sydney 
Richmond  Margetson  has  done  much  towards  the  upbuilding  of  Vancouver, 
where  he  is  widely  and  favorably  known  as  a  real-estate  dealer  in  connection 
with  the  firm  of  Margetson  Brothers.  Born  in  London,  England,  October  12, 
1877,  he  is  a  son  of  William  Parker  and  Mary  Ann  (Beazley)  Margetson,  both 
natives  of  London.  The  father  emigrated  to  Manitoba,  where  he  made  his  home 
for  three  years,  and  died  in  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  in  1904.  The  mother  has 
also  passed  away. 

Sydney  Richmond  Margetson  received  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
the  world's  metropolis,  and  in  1895,  when  eighteen  years  of  age,  came  to  Canada 
and  engaged  in  farming  near  the  city  of  Winnipeg.  In  1900  his  patriotic  spirit 
led  him  to  go  to  South  Africa,  where  he  served  for  three  years  in  the  South 
African  Constabulary  as  district  quartermaster  sergeant.  Returning  to  Winni- 
peg in  1904,  he  there  remained  until  coming  to  Vancouver  in  1906.  Upon  his 
arrival  in  this  city  he  entered  the  employ  of  Waghorn,  Gwynn  &  Company,  with 
whom  he  continued  for  four  years.  In  the  fall  of  1910,  with  his  brother,  R.  A. 
P.  Margetson,  he  formed  the  firm  of  Margetson  Brothers,  and  they  engaged  in 
the  real-estate,  loan  and  insurance  business,  operating  in  Vancouver  and  its 
suburbs.  Their  business  efforts  have  been  attended  by  gratifying  success  from 
the  start,  and  their  business  connections  have  ever  since  increased  in  volume  and 
importance.  In  the  same  year  they  organized  The  Strathspey  Land  &  Investment 
Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  our  subject  became  president  and  managing  director. 
It  has  an  authorized  and  fully  paid-up  capital  of  fifty  thousand  dollars  and  a 
reserve  fund  of  six  thousand  dollars.  In  the  three  years  since  its  incorporation 
the  company  has  paid  a  dividend  of  twenty-eight  per  cent,  and  created  a  reserve 
fund  of  twelve  per  cent.,  and  has  carried  forward  four  and  a  half  per  cent., 


386  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

making  its  total  net  earnings  forty-four  and  a  half  per  cent,  for  that  period. 
They  deal  in  real  estate,  loans  and  mortgages.  The  above  showing  of  their 
splendid  growth  is  largely  due  to  the  accurate  judgment,  sound  business  policy 
and  fair  measures  of  the  two  brothers.  In  March,  1912,  Mr.  Margetson  organ- 
ized the  Seafield  Investment  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  is  also  president  and 
managing  director.  Margetson  Brothers  manage  much  rental-bearing  property, 
and  they  have  introduced  a  great  deal  of  English  capital  into  this  city  and  vicinity. 
They  have  subdivisions  in  Point  Grey,  South  Vancouver  and  North  Vancouver. 

In  March,  1909,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Margetson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Jean  Frances  Osborne  MacDonald,  a  daughter  of  the  late  Colonel  Allan 
MacDonald,  of  Winnipeg.  They  have  two  children,  Allan  Richmond  and  Enid 
Mary.  Although  never  active  in  political  circles  Mr.  Margetson  is  deeply  inter- 
ested in  the  public  progress  of  his  community.  He  gives  his  adherence  to  the 
conservative  party.  He  is  a  notary  public  for  the  province  of  British  Columbia. 
Among  the  social  organizations  in  which  he  holds  membership  are  the  Canadian, 
Progress  and  British  Columbia  Golf  and  Country  Clubs,  the  latter  connection 
giving  an  indication  as  to  his  preference  in  regard  to  recreation.  His  religion 
is  that  of  the  Church  of  England,  and  he  is  a  member  of  St.  Paul's  church  of 
Vancouver.  Since  making  Vancouver  his  home  he  has  made  rapid  progress  in  the 
right  direction  and  has  been  instrumental  in  bringing  to  life  a  number  of  important 
organizations  which  have  largely  taken  part  in  the  development  of  the  city.  He 
has  therefore  become  a  forceful  element  in  the  community  and  is  highly  respected 
and  esteemed  by  all,  as  it  is  readily  conceded  that  the  public  weal  plays  as  impor- 
tant a  role  in  his  life  as  the  promotion  of  his  private  interests. 


JAMES  ERNEST  SPANKIE,  M.  D. 

This  is  an  age  of  specialization.  Investigation  and  research  have  so 
broadened  the  field  of  knowledge  that  it  is  impossible  for  any  single  individual 
to  become  an  expert  in  all  lines  of  medical  and  surgical  practice,  and  therefore 
after  attaining  the  basic  principles  it  is  usual  for  the  individual  to  concentrate 
his  efforts  upon  one  or  more  lines,  thereby  attaining  marked  proficiency  in 
his  chosen  field.  In  accordance  with  this  custom  Dr.  James  Ernest  Spankie 
has  given  his  attention  more  specially  to  surgery  and  the  diseases  of  women  and 
in  both  displays  notable  skill.  He  has  been  a  resident  of  British  Columbia 
since  1899,  arriving  here  when  a  young  man  of  about  twenty-eight  years.  His 
birth  occurred  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  September  22,  1871,  his  parents  being 
William  and  Margaret  Spankie.  The  father  was  proprietor  of  a  hotel  in 
Kingston,  Ontario,  in  what  was  known  as  the  old  hay  market,  and  it  was  in 
that  hotel  that  the  late  Sir  John  A.  MacDonald  held  his  first  political  meeting. 

After  attending  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  Dr.  Spankie  entered  the 
Queen's  University  at  Kingston  and  was  graduated  in  1891  with  the  degree  of 
M.  D.,  C.  M.  Following  his  removal  to  the  west  in  1896  he  practiced  for  three 
years  as  assistant  to  Dr.  R.  G.  Brett  at  Banff,  Alberta.  In  1899  ne  went  to 
Greenwood,  British  Columbia,  and  practiced  in  that  mining  camp  for  a  decade. 
In  1909  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  remained,  and  although 
he  practices  to  some  extent  in  a  general  way,  he  specializes  in  surgery  and 
diseases  of  women  and  his  knowledge  along  those  lines  has  made  him  particularly 
skilful  and  successful.  To  some  extent  he  has  invested  in  Vancouver  realty 
but  otherwise  concentrates  his  energies  upon  his  professional  duties. 

On  the  24th  of  June,  1903,  Dr.  Spankie  was  married  at  Yonkers,  New 
York,  to  Miss  Grace  Isabel  Mulligan,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Isabel  Mulligan. 
The  father  was  a  prominent  lodge  man  of  New  York  city,  being  an  organizer 
of  Masonic  and  other  lodges.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Spankie  have  a  son,  Donald  F. 

The  Doctor  is  a  conservative  in  politics  but  has  never  been  an  office* 
seeker.  He  holds  membership  in  Melrose  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver, 


DR.  JAMES  E.  1SPANKIE 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  389 

the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  the  Fraternal 
Order  of  Eagles  and  the  Canadian  Order  of  Chosen  Friends  at  Kingston, 
Ontario.  He  is  likewise  a  member  of  the  University  Club  of  Vancouver. 
He  is  a  man  of  broad  general  information,  well'  informed  concerning  all  the 
vital  and  significant  questions  of  the  day,  and  he  is  a  worthy  addition  to  the 
citizenship  as  well  as  to  the  professional  circles  of  the  northwest. 


FRANK  LLEWELLYN  GWILLIM. 

Prominent  among  the  barristers  of  Vancouver  is  Frank  Llewellyn  Gwillim, 
practicing  in  this  city  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Gwillim,  Crisp  &  Mackay. 
Mr.  Gwillim  is  a  native  of  England,  born  in  Herefordshire,  July  6,  1870,  a  son  of 
James  and  Olivia  Maria  (Spencer)  Gwillim,  and  a  representative  of  an  old 
English  family.  He  began  his  education  in  the  public  and  private  schools  of  his 
native  country,  and  in  1882  came  to  Canada,  locating  in  Manitoba,  where  he 
completed  his  studies  in  the  public  schools.  Having  determined  to  make  the 
practice  of  law  his  life  work,  he  was  in  1890  articled  to  William  White,  K.  C., 
now  living  retired  in  London,  England.  Three  years  later  he  was  called  to  the 
bar  of  the  Northwest  Territories,  and  in  1897  was  made  a  member  of  the  Mani- 
toba bar.  In  the  same  year  he  came  to  the  Kootenay  district,  British  Columbia, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  there  as  solicitor,  going  in  the  following  year  to  the 
Yukon  district,  where  he  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession,  forming  a 
partnership  with  Frederick  George  Crisp  under  the  firm  name  of  Gwillim  &  Crisp, 
Mr.  Gwillim  having  the  distinction  of  being  the  first  public  administrator  in  the 
Yukon  territory.  Mr.  Gwillim  left  the  Yukon  in  1906  and  came  to  Vancouver, 
leaving  his  partner  in  Alaska  to  look  after  the  interests  of  the  firm  there.  He 
was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  in  the  same  year,  and  in  1908  was 
joined  by  Mr.  Crisp.  They  continued  under  the  former  name  until  1911,  when 
John  S.  Mackay  was  taken  into  partnership,  the  firm  style  being  now  Gwillim, 
Crisp  &  Mackay.  Mr.  Gwillim  gives  a  great  deal  of  his  time  to  his  law  practice, 
but  is  also  connected  with  a  great  many  of  the  leading  corporate  concerns  of 
British  Columbia. 

Mr.  Gwillim  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party,  but  is  not 
active  in  politics,  although  interested  in  the  growth  and  progress  of  the  city  where 
he  makes  his  home.  He  holds  membership  in  the  Vancouver  Club  and  in  the 
Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf  Club  and  fraternally  is  connected  with  the  Inde- 
pendent Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  the  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen  and  the 
Sons  of  England  Benevolent  Society.  His  religious  views  are  in  accord  with  the 
doctrines  of  the  Anglican  church. 


RICHARD  EVANS. 

The  rapid  growth  of  Vancouver  has  made  real-estate  operations  a  fruitful 
d  and  the  character  of  the  city  has  been  largely  determined  by  the  work  of  the 
real-estate  dealers,  who  have  so  controlled  and  directed  affairs  that  substantial 
improvement  and  attractive  adornment  have  been  features  in  the  upbuilding 
of  Vancouver.  It  is  along  this  line  that  Richard  Evans  is  putting  forth  earnest, 
effective  effort  and  an  increasing  annual  clientage  has  made  him  one  of  the 
successful  real-estate  men  of  the  city.  He  was  born  in  County  Waterford, 
Ireland,  January  9,  1869,  and  his  parents,  John  and  Ann  (Hanrahan)  Evans, 
were  also  natives  of  the  Emerald  isle.  The  mother  is  deceased,  but  the  father 
lives  in  County  Waterford. 

Richard  Evans  began  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  county 
and  pursued  his  higher  studies  in  the   Christian  Brothers  College.     He  then 


390  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

learned  the  barber's  trade  and  followed  that  and  other  pursuits  since  coming  to 
Canada  in  1892,  when  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  Halifax,  thinking  to  find  better 
and  broader  opportunities  in  the  new  world.  He  followed  the  barber's  trade  in 
Halifax  for  about  six  years  or  until  1898,  when  he-  came  to  Vancouver,  after 
which  he  engaged  in  various  lines  of  business  until  1903,  when  he  entered  the 
real-estate  field.  He  was  the  first  real-estate  agent  and  notary  public  south  of 
False  creek.  He  has  continued  in  this  business  for  ten  years  and  now  has  a  well 
appointed  office  at  No.  2115  South  Granville  street.  He  was  also  city  agent  for 
the  Scottish  Union  and  National  Insurance  Company  for  eight  years  and  he 
served  for  more  than  seven  years  in  the  King's  Liverpool  Regiment  of  the 
British  army  and  resigned  with  complimentary  letters  from  his  colonel. 

On  the  i6th  of  July,  1894,  in  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  Mr.  Evans  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Boutilier,  a  native  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  they  have 
become  the  parents  of  ten  children,  of  whom  the  following  are  living:  Mary 
Agnes,  a  graduate  of  St.  Ann's  Academy  of  Vancouver;  Charles  Edward,  now 
finishing  his  studies  at  Gonzaga  University  of  Washington ;  Annie  Isabel,  who  also 
graduated  from  St.  Ann's  Academy  of  Vancouver ;  William  Frederick ;  Ella  Eliza- 
beth ;  Constance  Grace ;  and  Laura  Winifred.  All  of  the  children  are  yet  at  home 
with  the  exception  of  Charles  Edward.  The  family  are  adherents  of  the  Catholic 
faith  and  Mr.  Evans  belongs  to  the  Knights  of  Columbus.  He  holds  the  high 
office  of  state  chief  ranger  in  the  Catholic  Order  of  Foresters,  which  is  the  chief 
office  in  the  northwest,  taking  in  the  states  of  Washington,  Idaho  and  the 
province  of  British  Columbia.  In  politics  he  is  a  liberal  but  not  an  active 
worker  in  party  ranks,  preferring  to  concentrate  his  energies  upon  his  busi- 
ness affairs,  which  by  reason  of  his  careful  guidance  and  enterprise  are  growing 
in  volume  and  importance. 


ALAN  THOMAS  MORROW. 

Alan  Thomas  Morrow  has  made  a  thorough  study  of  the  distilling  business 
in  principle  and  detail  and  upon  his  efficiency  and  knowledge  has  based  a  suc- 
cess which  places  him  among  the  leading  representatives  of  this  line  of  work 
in  New  Westminster,  where  he  makes  his  home.  He  is  a  member  of  the  board 
of  directors  and  acts  as  superintendent  of  the  British  Columbia  Distilling  Com- 
pany here  and  the  duties  of  these  important  positions  are  fulfilled  creditably 
and  ably,  Mr.  Morrow's  work  being  an  important  factor  in  the  growth  of  the 
enterprise.  He  was  born  in  Prescott,  Ontario,  on  the  2Oth  of  March,  1859. 
and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Ann  (Carruthers)  Morrow,  the  former  a  native  of 
Belfast,  Ireland,  and  the  latter  of  Ontario.  John  Morrow  crossed  the  Atlantic 
with  his  parents  when  he  was  still  a  child  and  settled  in  Ontario,  where  he  grew 
to  manhood.  He  came  to  British  Columbia  in  1859,  leaving  his  family  behind, 
intending  to  return  for  them  when  he  had  established  him&elf  in  business.  He 
did  make  the  return  journey  to  the  east,  but  his  death  occurred  before  his  wife 
and  children  had  removed  to  this  province.  He  and  his  father  before  had  been 
engaged  in  the  distilling  business,  but  prior  to  his  demise,  John  Morrow  was 
appointed  to  the  internal  revenue  department  of  the  provincial  government, 
serving  ably  and  creditably  until  his  death. 

Alan  Thomas  Morrow  was  reared  at  home  and  attended  grammar  and 
high  school  in  Prescott,  Ontario.  From  his  childhood  he  has  been  familiar 
with  the  distilling  business,  for  as  early  as  his  sixteenth  year  he  found  employ- 
ment in  the  distillery  in  his  home  town,  learning  the  rudiments  of  the  work 
and  becoming  familiar  with  methods  and  details.  Success  came  rapidly  but 
he  had  determined  that  if  he  were  to  follow  this  line  of  business  as  a  life 
work  he  must  be  more  completely  equipped  for  the  duties  before  him,  and  he 
accordingly  resigned  his  position  and  began  an  apprenticeship  at  the  building  and 
millwrighting  trade,  studying  these  especially  from  the  distiller's  point  of  view 


ALAN  T.  MORROW 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  393 

and  with  special  reference  to  distillery  construction.  During  his  term  of  proba- 
tion he  received  a  wage  of  eleven  dollars  per  month  and  was  obliged  to  pay 
for  his  own  board  and  lodgings,  but  he  had  the  advantage  of  working  under 
some  of  the  most  skilled  mechanics  and  draughtsmen  in  the  province,  making 
the  best  use  of  his  opportunities  and  becoming  proficient  in  both  branches 
himself.  After  completing  his  apprenticeship  he  worked  as  a  journeyman 
builder  for  three  years  and  then  in  1886  took  the  contract  to  build  the  distillery 
at  Hamilton,  Ontario.  Before  this  plant  was  completed,  Mr.  Morrow  was 
offered  by  the  company  a  permanent  position  as  its  superintendent  and  this  he 
accepted,  remaining  in  that  capacity  until  1904  and  accomplishing  during  that 
time  a  great  deal  of  far-sighted,  capable  and  constructive  work.  He  eventually 
resigned  and  came  to  British  Columbia,  settling  in  New  Westminster,  where 
he  superintended  the  erection  of  the  British  Columbia  Distilling  Company's 
plant,  built  upon  a  tract  of  land  which  was  then  nothing  but  a  brush  plot.  Mr. 
Morrow  let  the  contracts,  planned  the  buildings  and  superintended  their  con- 
struction, the  completed  building  proving  modern,  sanitary  and  adequate  to 
every  demand  made  upon  it.  After  it  was  finished  Mr.  Morrow  remained  as 
superintendent  and  in  this  capacity  he  has  acted  for  the  past  nine  years,  his 
fitness  for  the  position  being  evidenced  in  the  excellent  results  which  have 
constantly  followed  his  labors.  He  understands  the  distilling  business  thor- 
oughly and  has  built  success  upon  efficiency  until  today  he  is  a  recognized 
authority  upon  everything  connected  not  only  with  distillery  construction  but 
with  the  best  methods  of  developing  and  carrying  forward  the  business.  His 
reputation  extends  far  beyond  provincial  bounds,  for  he  is  well  known  through- 
out the  Dominion,  his  name  standing  for  ability,  sagacity  and  integrity — qualities 
upon  which  all  of  his  success  is  founded. 

Mr.  Morrow  married  in  1886  Miss  Mary  Bolton  of  Prescott,  Ontario,  and 
they  became  the  parents  of  three  sons,  two  of  whom,  George  J.  and  Alan  T., 
Jr.,  survive  and  make  their  home  with  their  parents.  Mr.  Morrow  is  a  member 
of  Amity  Lodge  No.  80,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  of  Prescott,  Ontario,  having  joined  that 
organization  in  1880.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Westminster  Club  and  is  a  con- 
servative in  politics,  taking  an  active  interest  in  the  development  and  growth  of 
the  city  and  giving  his  cooperation  and  hearty  support  to  many  measures  for  the 
public  good.  He  is  one  of  the  leading  business  men  of  the  community  and  his 
prominence  and  success  are  well  deserved  and  have  always  been  worthily 
used. 


MAURICE  GINTZBURGER. 

Maurice  Gintzburger,  a  successful  real-estate  dealer  of  Vancouver,  came  to 
this  section  of  the  province  in  pioneer  times,  met  with  many  of  the  experiences 
and  hardships  incident  to  frontier  life,  and  has  been  an  interested  witness  of  the 
changes  which  have  since  occurred,  bringing  the  city  to  its  present  prosperous 
condition.  He  has  also  in  the  interim  been  connected  with  mining  interests  of 
the  northwest.  He  was  born  in  Neuchatel,  Switzerland,  February  14,  1867,  a  son 
of  Nephtali  Gintzburger,  a  native  of  Alsace,  Germany,  who  was  a  watch  manu- 
facturer in  Switzerland  for  many  years.  He  died  in  France  in  1912. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Neuchatel  and  of  Germany  Maurice  Gintzburger 
pursued  his  education,  and  upon  completing  his  studies  went  to  eastern  France 
where  he  became  a  clerk  in  a  wholesale  dry-goods  house,  there  remaining 
for  three  years.  The  opportunities  and  advantages  of  the  new  world  attracted 
him.  and  on  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  came  to  Vancouver  by  way  of  Liver- 
pool and  Halifax.  It  required  thirteen  days  to  make  the  trip  from  the  latter 
city  to  Vancouver,  where  he  arrived  in  February,  1887.  The  work  of  progress 
and  improvement  was  still  in  its  incipiency  here.  He  took  up  a  preemption 
dm,  which  is  now  district  lot  No.  787  of  the  present  city  of  North  Vancouver, 


394  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

and  there  planted  three  hundred  fruit  trees,  mostly  apples.  He  made  his  home 
upon  that  tract,  but  in  order  to  earn  a  living  while  waiting  for  his  fruit  to  come 
into  bearing  he  crossed  to  Vancouver  each  day,  where  he  engaged  in  unloading  tea 
ships  and  in  coaling  them  for  the  return  trip.  He  was  also  employed  on  the 
foundation  of  the  old  Bank  of  Montreal  building,  where  the  Union  Bank  of 
Canada  now  stands.  In  the  fall  of  1887  he  entered  the  employ  of  Oppenheimer 
Brothers,  wholesale  grocers,  with  whom  he  continued  for  eight  years,  a  fact 
indicative  of  his  faithful  service,  his  capability  and  his  trustworthiness.  During 
that  period  he  carefully  saved  his  earnings  until  his  industry  and  economy  had 
brought  him  sufficient  capital  to  enable  him  to  engage  in  business  on  his  own 
account.  He  then  began  dealing  in  tobacco  as  a  retail  merchant,  continuing  in 
that  line  for  two  years.  In  1897  the  gold  discoveries  attracted  him  and  he  went 
to  the  West  Kootenay,  where  he  engaged  in  mining,  organizing  the  Monitor  & 
Ajax  Traction,  Ltd.,  operating  silver  and  lead  mines  in  the  Slocan  district  of 
West  Kootenay,  where  he  continued  for  a  decade.  In  1907  he  returned  to 
Vancouver  and  engaged  in  the  real-estate  business,  in  which  he  has  since  con- 
tinued, operating  in  Vancouver  and  North  Vancouver,  where  he  has  handled  vari- 
ous properties  and  negotiated  many  important  realty  transfers.  He  has  made 
himself  thoroughly  acquainted  with  real-estate  values,  knows  what  is  upon  the 
market,  and  has  been  enabled  to  control  transactions  to  the  satisfaction  of  purchas- 
ers and  sellers  alike. 

In  Vancouver,  on  the  29th  of  September,  1898,  Mr.  Gintzburger  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Henrietta  Robinson,  a  daughter  of  Louis  Robinson,  a  well 
known  retired  pioneer  and  merchant  tailor  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Gintzburger  is 
a  conservative  but  is  never  active  in  party  circles.  He  belongs  to  Mount  Hermon 
Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  is  well  known  in  that  organization  and  through  his 
business  connections.  While  he  came  to  Canada  a  poor  man  he  has  gradually 
worked  his  way  upward,  and  the  energy,  industry  and  perseverance  which  he  has 
displayed  have  gained  for  him  a  place  among  the  substantial  residents  of  this 
section. 


MILES   PENNER  COTTON. 

Miles  Penner  Cotton,  a  civil  engineer  of  Vancouver,  was  born  in  Kings- 
ton, Ontario,  on  the  I4th  of  June,  1878,  a  son  of  Brigadier  General  William 
Henry  Cotton  and  his  wife  Jessie  (Penner)  Cotton,  the  former  a  native  of 
Ottawa,  Ontario,  and  the  latter  of  Lachine,  Quebec.  They  were  married  in 
Kingston,  Ontario,  and  the  father,  who  has  always  been  in  the  military  service, 
is  now  inspector  general  of  the  Canadian  militia,  residing  in  Ottawa. 

Miles  P.  Cotton  supplemented  his  public-school  training  by  a  course  in 
Queen's  University  at  Kingston,  where  he  pursued  a  course  in  civil  engineer- 
ing and  applied  science.  He  then  entered  the  engineering  department  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  continuing  with  that  corporation  for  ten  years  on 
the  construction  of  the  Crow's  Nest  Railway,  the  Columbia  &  Western 
Railway  and  other  branch  lines  in  Manitoba  and  the  western  provinces.  In 
1906  he  resigned  his  position  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  and  engaged  in  rail- 
road contracting  on  his  own  account.  After  starting  out  independently  he 
was  awarded  various  contracts  in  Manitoba  and  Saskatchewan  for  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway.  In  the  spring  of  1907  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  was  super- 
intendent of  construction  on  the  Victoria  Vancouver  Eastern  Railway,  a  divis- 
ion of  the  Great  Northern.  Early  in  1908  he  turned  his  attention  to  the  general 
contracting  business  in  Vancouver,  and  in  the  spring  of  1909  formed  the  M.  P. 
Cotton  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  is  the  president.  They  built  the  Shaugh- 
nessy  Heights  improvements  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  and  are  still 
carrying  on  this  undertaking.  They  also  constructed  the  paved  freight  yards 
for  that  line  and  did  much  paving  in  Victoria  in  the  Uplands  district.  They 


MILES  P.  COTTON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  397 

also  had  the  contract  for  the  North  Vancouver  ferry  wharf,  the  first  reinforced 
concrete  wharf  in  British  Columbia.  They  built  the  Little  Mountain  reservoir 
for  Vancouver,  which  is  to  be  known  as  "King  George  V.  Reservoir."  They 
did  all  the  work  on  the  Tusquillam  new  railroad  yards  and  built  the  Canadian 
Pacific  terminal  at  that  place.  Mr.  Cotton  is  also  the  president  of  the  Mainland 
Iron  Works  and  Progressive  Steamboat  Company  and  vice  president  of  the 
J.  A.  Dewar  Company,  Ltd.  He  belongs  to  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil 
Engineers  and  to  the  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers.  He  holds  to  high 
standards  in  his  profession  and  is  careful  to  conform  his  practice  to  the  strictest 
professional  ethics. 

In  Christ  church,  Ottawa,  Ontario,  April  26,  1905,  was  performed  the 
marriage  ceremony  which  united  the  destinies  of  Mr.  Cotton  and  Miss  Cecil 
Maud  Gorrell,  of  Ottawa.  They  have  two  children:  Henry  Ferguson  and 
Catherine  Mary.  Mr.  Cotton  greatly  enjoys  shooting  and  all  manly  outdoor 
sports.  At  the  age  of  nine  years  he  entered  the  Fourteenth  Battalion  as  a 
bugler  and  retired  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  with  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant 
of  the  Kingston  Field  Battery.  He  belongs  to  Western  Gate  Lodge,  A.  F.  & 
A.  M.,  and  is  an  Anglican  in  religious  faith,  holding  membership  in  St.  Paul's 
church,  of  which  he  was  chosen  warden  in  1912.  He  is  likewise  a  member 
of  the  Vancouver  Club,  University  Club  and  the  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf 
Club,  and  his  attractive  social  qualities  have  won  him  a  circle  of  friends  almost 
coextensive  with  the  circle  of  his  acquaintance.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
Union  Club  of  Victoria.  He  is  widely  known  in  professional  connections  and 
his  business  is  constantly  growing  in  volume  and  importance. 


GEORGE  WILLIAM  EDWARDS. 

George  William  Edwards,  prominently  connected  with  business  interests  of 
Vancouver  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Edwards  Brothers,  dealers  in  photographic 
supplies,  was  born  in  Brighton,  Ontario,  on  the  i6th  of  March,  1867,  and  is  a  son 
of  Edgar  Waller  and  Melora  (Neyle)  Edwards,  the  former  a  native  of  Suffolk, 
England,  who  came  to  Canada  in  1858,  locating  in  Hastings  county,  Ontario, 
where  he  conducted  general  stores  at  Sterling  and  Campbellford.  He  remained 
active  in  the  management  of  these  enterprises  until  1867,  and  then  moved  to 
Brighton,  where  for  three  years,  he  engaged  in  the  milling  business,  removing  at 
the  end  of  that  time  to  Belleville,  Ontario.  In  that  city  he  turned  his  attention 
to  gardening  and  fruit  raising,  occupations  which  claimed  his  interest  until  1891, 
when  he  retired  and  moved  to  Vancouver,  where  he  resided  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  1903.  His  wife  survives  him  and  makes  her  home  in  this  city. 

George  W.  Edwards  acquired  his  education  in  the  grammar  and  high  schools 
of  Belleville,  Ontario,  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  learned  photography  and 
engaged  in  that  work  there  for  a  number  of  years.  He  afterward  followed  the 
same  line  of  occupation  in  various  parts  of  Ontario  until  1887,  in  which  year 
he  located  in  Waterloo,  that  province,  opening  a  studio,  in  which  he  did  a  great 
deal  of  artistic  photography,  gaining  a  reputation  on  account  of  the  excellent 
quality  of  the  work  which  he  turned  out.  He  remained  in  Waterloo  until  1891, 
and  came  in  that  year  to  British  Columbia,  settling  in  Vancouver,  where  in  asso- 
ciation with  his  brother  he  organized  the  firm  of  Edwards  Brothers,  opening  a 
large  photographic  gallery  in  this  city.  At  that  time  and  for  a  number  of  years 
thereafter  there  was  no  regular  photographic  and  art  supply  store  in  Vancouver, 
and  Edwards  Brothers  began  handling  this  line  of  goods,  their  stock  being  at  first 
comparatively  small  and  designed  only  to  supply  their  own  needs.  With  the 
advent  of  the  kodak  and  other  varieties  of  hand  cameras  and  the  resulting  general 
interest  in  the  art  of  photography  the  demand  for  supplies  became  greater  and 
finally  grew  to  such  proportions  that  Edwards  Brothers,  being  pioneers  in  this 
line,  found  their  business  expanding  so  rapidly  that  it  eventually  outgrew  that 


398  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

done  in  the  photographic  gallery.  This  latter  department  was,  therefore,  dis- 
continued, the  brothers  concentrating  their  attention  upon  the  camera  and  photo- 
graphic supply  store,  and  from  this  beginning  grew  the  large  concern  of  this 
character  of  which  they  are  at  the  head  today.  They  control  a  lucrative  and 
important  trade,  and  because  they  understand  their  business  thoroughly  in  prin- 
ciple and  detail  have  been  very  successful  in  its  conduct.  A  great  deal  of  the  credit 
for  this  gratifying  result  is  due  to  George  William  Edwards,  who  is  a  capable, 
far-sighted  and  progressive  business  man  and  very  able  in  systematizing,  con- 
trolling and  coordinating  his  important  business  affairs. 

On  the  24th  of  August,  1898,  Mr.  Edwards  married,  in  Vancouver,  Miss 
Rosalind  Webling,  a  daughter  of  Richard  Webling,  of  London,  England,  and  a 
sister  of  Peggy  Webling,  the  novelist  and  dramatist,  whose  recent  work,  a 
dramatization  of  Kingsley's  Westward  Ho!  has  attracted  widespread  admiration 
and  approval.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Edwards  are  the  parents  of  three  children,  Lucy, 
Ruskin  and  Florence.  Mr.  Edwards  is  interested  in  the  growth  and  welfare  of 
Vancouver,  where  he  has  resided  since  1891,  making  during  the  intervening 
period  substantial  contributions  to  its  commercial  progress.  As  a  business  man 
he  has  an  unassailable  record,  for  throughout  his  business  life  he  has  made  steady 
and  substantial  advancement,  never  taking  advantage  of  the  necessities  of  others 
in  a  business  transaction,  and  at  all  times  he  has  borne  an  unsullied  reputation  for 
commercial  probity.  He  is  widely  and  favorably  known  throughout  Vancouver, 
and  his  qualites  are  such  as  have  gained  for  him  an  important  and  enviable  posi- 
tion in  the  business  and  social  life  of  the  city. 


GEORGE  ALEXANDER. 

British  Columbia  numbers  among  its  representative  and  deservedly  successful 
pioneer  citizens  George  Alexander,  who  since  1878  has  made  his  home  in  the 
province  and  has  witnessed  practically  its  entire  expansion  and  development, 
bearing  an  honorable  and  worthy  part  in  the  work  of  upbuilding.  Since  he  was 
twenty-one  years  of  age  he  has  been  in  some  way  connected  with  the  fishing 
business  and  has  been  a  force  in  the  development  of  this  industry  in  New  West- 
minster and  in  Vancouver,  basing  upon  long  experience  and  thorough  and  detailed 
knowledge  a  success  which  places  him  today  in  the  front  ranks  of  substantial 
and  representative  business  men.  He  is  known  as  the  founder  and  organizer  of 
the  Great  West  Packing  Company  and  to  his  genius  and  organizing  power  this 
concern  owes  both  its  existence  and  its  continued  growth.  Mr.  Alexander  was 
born  in  Fovern  Parish,  Aberdeenshire,  Scotland,  August  8,  1844,  and  is  a  son  of 
David  and  Katherine  (McBain)  Alexander,  both  natives  of  that  locality,  where 
the  father  engaged  in  farming  during  his  active  life.  The  parents  never  left 
Aberdeenshire  and  passed  away  there. 

In  the  Fovern  Parish  school  George  Alexander  acquired  his  education  and 
he  remained  in  Scotland  for  some  years  after  laying  aside  his  books.  At  the  age 
of  twenty-one  he  began  fishing  on  the  coast  and  he  later  followed  that  business 
in  England.  In  1878  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  was  thus  among  the  early 
settlers  in  the  province,  which  has  remained  his  home  continuously  since  that  time. 
He  settled  in  New  Westminster  and  engaged  in  the  fishing  industry  there,  working 
at  that  occupation  in  summers  and  at  shingle  making  and  lumbering  during  the 
winter  months.  In  1893  in  company  with  R.  V.  Winch  and  D.  S.  Hennessey  he 
organized  the  Canadian  Pacific  Packing  Company,  Limited,  Mr.  Winch  acting 
as  manager  during  the  first  three  years,  after  which  Mr.  Alexander  assumed  the 
duties  of  that  office,  continuing  as  such  for  six  years  and  proving  capable,  dis- 
criminating and  far-sighted  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties.  At  the  end  of  that  time 
the  company  disposed  of  their  interests  to  the  British  Columbia  Packers'  Asso- 
ciation, with  whom  Mr.  Alexander  remained  connected  as  a  district  manager  for 
four  years  thereafter.  In  the  spring  of  1906  he  resigned  this  position  and 


GEORGE  ALEXANDER 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  401 

organized  the  Great  West  Packing  Company,  assuming  the  duties  of  manager, 
which  he  has  discharged  capably  and  carefully  ever  since  that  time.  The  plant 
is  located  at  Steveston,  on  the  Eraser  river,  and  is  a  large,  well  equipped  and 
well  managed  institution,  being  classed  among  the  most  important  of  the  com- 
munity's industrial  resources.  Mr.  Alexander  has  given  a  great  deal  of  time  to 
its  direction  and  control  and,  thoroughly  understanding  the  fishing  business  in 
principle  and  detail,  has  been  very  successful,  being  recognized  in  Vancouver 
and  in  other  localities  where  his  interests  are  important  as  a  far-sighted,  dis- 
criminating and  reliable  business  man.  He  is  in  addition  commissioner  and 
supervisor  of  the  West  Lulu  Island  Diking  System. 

In  Vancouver,  on  the  26th  of  January,  1892,  Mr.  Alexander  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Elsie  Smith,  also  a  native  of  Aberdeenshire,  Scotland.  They 
have  become  the  parents  of  four  children :  George,  at  home ;  Elsie,  who  is  study- 
ing piano  and  violin  in  London,  England;  and  Adelaide  and  Katherine  Anne, 
also  at  home. 

Mr.  Alexander  is  a  member  of  St.  John's  Presbyterian  church  and  was  a 
member  of  the  building  committee  during  the  construction  of  the  church  edifice. 
He  is  independent  in  his  political  views,  voting  for  men  and  measures  rather 
than  for  parties  and  taking  an  active  and  intelligent  interest  in  the  affairs  of  the 
community,  where  since  pioneer  times  his  name  has  been  honored  and  respected 
wherever  it  is  known. 


JAMES   A.    GREENE. 

James  A.  Greene,  engaged  in  the  undertaking  business  in  Vancouver  under 
the  firm  style  of  Greene  &  Merkley,  was  born  in  Matteawan,  New  York,  July  29, 
1864.  His  great-great-grandfather,  James  Greene,  was  a  commissioned  officer 
in  the  British  army,  fought  under  General  Wolfe,  and  was  given  a  large  grant 
of  land  in  Quebec,  where  he  lived  for  many  years.  One  of  his  sons,  Benjamin 
Greene,  removed  to  the  state  of  New  York.  The  grandfather,  Henry  Greene,  was 
born  in  Matteawan,  Dutchess  county,  New  York,  and  there  spent  his  entire  life. 
The  father  was  also  a  native  of  Dutchess  county,  and  for  many  years  was  fore- 
man in  the  plant  of  the  Schenk  Manufacturing  Company,  manufacturers  of  wood 
working  machinery.  He  was  also  at  one  time  foreman  for  the  Singer  Sewing 
Machine  Company,  but  is  now  living  retired  at  Matteawan,  surviving  his  wife 
who  passed  away  March  17,  1906.  She  bore  the  maiden  name  of  Margaret  D. 
Scott,  and  was  a  native  of  Pleasant  Valley,  Dutchess  county,  New  York.  In  the 
family  were  six  children,  five  sons  and  a  daughter.  Colonel  Henry  A.  Greene,  the 
eldest,  is  in  command  of  the  Tenth  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  located  at  Fort  Benjamin 
Harrison,  at  Indianapolis,  Indiana.  Everett  Greene  is  a  practicing  lawyer  of 
Brooklyn,  N.ew  York.  James  A.  is  the  next  of  the  family.  Herman  resides  at 
Fishkill-on-the-Hudson.  Edgar  Greene  is  chief  clerk  in  the  purchasing  depart- 
ment of  the  Metropolitan  police  department  of  New  York  city.  Caroline  is  the 
wife  of  W.  A.  Conrad,  who  is  engaged  in  the  banking  and  cattle  business  in 
Montana. 

James  A.  Greene  was  educated  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  his  native 
town,  and  on  the  ist  of  April,  1880,  when  not  quite  sixteen  years  of  age,  entered 
upon  an  apprenticeship  to  the  undertaking  business  in  Matteawan,  New  York, 
serving  for  five  years.  He  then  went  to  Kansas  City,  Missouri,  and  was  connected 
with  Eugene  Carlott  &  Sons,  undertakers,  for  about  five  years.  In  1889  he  made 
his  way  to  Seattle,  to  take  charge  of  the  business  for  the  Bonney- Watson  Com- 
pany, continuing  in  that  connection  until  the  spring  of  1898,  when  he  joined  the 
gold  seekers  rush  for  the  Klondike.  He  went  to  Dawson,  where  he  found  about 
thirty  thousand  people,  and  there  he  decided  to  enter  his  old  business,  being  the 
fifth  person  to  engage  in  undertaking  there  and  the  only  one  to  conduct  an 

c  elusive  undertaking  establishment.    In  1890  he  secured  a  hearse,  and  eventually 
vol.  in— 1 4 


402  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

was  the  only  one  in  the  business  in  that  city,  remaining  as  its  sole  representative 
in  Dawson  for  about  five  years.  In  1907  he  disposed  of  his  interests  there  and 
came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  bought  out  John  Kemp,  of  the  firm  of  Kemp  & 
Simpson.  This  is  the  oldest  established  undertaking  business  in  Vancouver.  It 
was  started  by  Frank  W.  Hart  in  1886,  and  later  Mr.  Kemp  became  a  partner 
and  subsequently  purchased  Mr.  Hart's  interest.  The  business  was  conducted  by 
the  firm  of  Kemp  &  Simpson  for  about  thirteen  years,  and  following  Mr.  Greene's 
purchase  of  Mr.  Kemp's  interest  on  the  ist  of  September,  1907,  the  firm  style  of 
Greene  &  Simpson  was  assumed  and  so  remained  until  April  i,  1910.  At  that 
date  H.  W.  Merkley  took  over  Mr.  Simpson's  interest  and  the  firm  has  since 
remained  Greene  &  Merkley.  On  the  ist  of  April,  1913,  Mr.  Greene  pur- 
chased Mr.  Merkley's  interest,  but  still  retains  the  old  firm  style  although  he 
is  now  sole  owner.  This  is  one  of  the  largest  and  unquestionably  the  finest  and 
most  elaborately  equipped  undertaking  establishments  of  Vancouver.  Although 
centrally  located  it  is  in  a  quiet  district,  undisturbed  by  the  noise  of  street  cars 
and  heavy  traffic.  He  has  spacious  offices,  show  rooms  and  a  chapel  all  beauti- 
fully furnished  and  equipped,  and  will  soon  introduce  an  automobile,  which  will 
be  the  first  one  of  the  city  secured  for  this  purpose.  Mr.  Greene  has  an  able  staff 
of  men  in  his  employ  and  is  conducting  an  extensive  business.  He  now  has  a 
branch  establishment  at  No.  3218  Main  street  in  South  Vancouver  and  is  giving 
his  entire  time  to  the  supervision  and  management  of  the  business.  He  was  one 
of  the  original  incorporators  of  the  Vancouver  Crematorium  Association,  of  which 
he  is  now  vice  president,  while  from  the  beginning  he  has  been  a  stockholder  and 
director. 

In  Kansas  City,  Missouri,  in  1888,  Mr.  Greene  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Kate  L.  Hill,  of  that  place.  In  politics  Mr.  Greene  is  a  conservative,  but  not 
an  active  party  worker.  He  is  prominent  in  fraternal  circles,  holding  membership 
in  Cascade  Lodge,  No.  12,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  in  the  Odd  Fellows  Lodge  of  Van- 
couver. He  has  been  a  member  of  the  order  for  more  than  twenty  years,  is  a 
past  grand,  past  chief  patriarch  of  the  encampment  and  past  commandant  of  the 
patriarchs  militant.  He  is  also  president  of  the  Vancouver  Aerie,  NQ.  6,  F.  O.  E. ; 
a  member  of  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose,  the  Benevolent  Protective  Order  of  Elks, 
and  is  a  past  Arctic  chief  and  life  member  of  the  Arctic  Brotherhood  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Yukon  Order  of  Pioneers.  Mrs.  Greene  is  identified  with  several 
of  the  ladies'  auxiliaries  of  these  organizations  and  is  a  past  worthy  matron  of  the 
Princess  Patricia  Chapter  of  the  Eastern  Star  and  a  past  noble  grand  of  the 
Rebekahs.  She  takes  a  most  active  and  helpful  part  in  charitable  and  home 
missionary  work  and  is  one  of  the  directors  of  the  orphanage.  Her  sympathy 
reaches  out  in  kindly  helpfulness  to  all  who  need  assistance,  and  there  are  many 
who  have  reason  to  bless  her  for  timely  aid.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Greene  occupy 
a  prominent  position  in  the  regard  of  friends  and  associates,  possessing  attractive 
social  qualities  which  have  made  them  popular  with  those  with  whom  they  come 
in  contact. 


HAMILTON  READ. 

Hamilton  Read,  prominently  and  successfully  engaged  in  the  general  prac- 
tice of  law  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Hamilton  Read  &  Head  of  Vancouver, 
was  born  in  Leicester,  England,  July  21,  1879,  and  is  a  son  of  Sheldon  and 
Fanny  Wells  (Loal)  Read,  the  former  for  many  years  a  prominent  solicitor 
in  that  community. 

In  the  Wyggeston  grammar  school  and  under  private  tutors  Hamilton  Read 
acquired  his  early  education.  He  was  afterward  articled  to  William  Harding, 
of  Leicester,  England,  and  was  admitted  as  a  solicitor  in  his  native  country  in 
1901.  He  afterward  practiced  his  profession  in  London  and  Bedfordshire  for 
nine  years  and  at  the  end  of  that  time  came  to  Canada,  locating  in  Vancouver, 


HAMILTON  READ 


y|[|jJjJ,.  jyjjiii.,,^ ^m.  j^. .  ^^ 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  405 

British  Columbia,  in  1910.  He  was  admitted  as  solicitor  in  the  same  year  and 
was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  in  1912.  After  coming  to  Vancouver 
he  associated  himself  with  Bowser,  Read  &  Walbridge,  barristers,  and  he  con- 
tinued in  this  connection  until  1913,  when  he  formed  a  partnership  with  G.  H. 
Head  under  the  firm  name  of  Hamilton  Read  &  Head.  They  engage  in  the 
general  practice  of  law  and  have  built  up  a  large  and  lucrative  patronage,  Mr. 
Read's  ability  and  legal  acumen  as  well  as  his  skill  as  a  criminal  advocate  being 
important  factors  in  the  firm's  success.  He  possesses  a  keen  and  incisive  mind, 
is  quick  to  grasp  the  details  of  a  case  and  able  to  present  them  forcibly  before 
the  court.  His  professional  work  has,  therefore,  been  attended  by  notable 
success  and  he  has  already  won  a  high  place  at  the  bar  of  this  province,  which 
numbers  him  among  its  most  able  and  progressive  representatives.  He  attained 
notoriety  in  connection  with  the  acquisition  of  Indian  reserves  for  the  provin- 
cial government.  He  is  president  of  the  Forshaw-Ford  Automobile  Company, 
Ltd.,  and  of  the  Copper  Hill  Mining  Company,  Ltd 

On  the  4th  of  May,  1912,  in  Christ's  church,  Vancouver,  Mr.  Read  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Christina  McDonald  Douglas,  a  daughter  of  James 
McDonald  and  Winfridde  Douglas,  the  former  manager  of  the  Otis  Fensome 
Elevator  Company.  Mr.  Read  was  for  two  years  a  member  of  the  Bedford- 
shire Yeomanry  and  is  connected  with  St.  Barnabas  Lodge,  No.  948,  A.  F.  & 
A.  M.,  in  Buckinghamshire,  England.  He  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs 
and  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church,  guiding  his  upright  and  honorable  life 
by  its  principles.  Throughout  his  residence  in  Vancouver  he  has  ever  enjoyed 
in  the  fullest  degree  the  respect  and  confidence  of  his  fellow  men  and  his  worth 
as  a  man  and  a  citizen  as  well  as  a  barrister  is  widely  acknowledged. 


JOHN    TOMATOA    CHAWNER    WILLIAMS. 

John  Tomatoa  Chawner  Williams  has  since  1904  occupied  the  position  of 
inspector  of  fisheries  and  is  also  justice  of  the  peace  for  British  Columbia  and 
stipendiary  magistrate  for  several  counties  of  the  province.  The  county  of  Kent, 
England,  numbers  him  among  her  native  sons,  his  birth  having  there  occurred 
November  27,  1858.  His  parents  were  the  Rev.  Samuel  T.  and  Hester  (Good- 
body)  Williams,  the  former  a  minister  of  the  Church  of  England  in  Kent  to  the 
time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Chislehurst,  Kent,  in  1903. 

The  attainment  of  his  education  largely  occupied  the  time  and  attention  of 
John  T.  C.  Williams  until  after  he  had  completed  a  course  at  Mill  Hill  College 
in  Kent.  Subsequently  he  was  variously  employed  in  England  until  1887,  when 
he  came  to  Vancouver,  attracted  by  what  he  believed  to  be  opportunities  for 
more  quickly  attaining  success  in  this  new  and  growing  country.  In  the  following 
year  he  became  associated  with  the  land  surveying  business  under  the  firm  name 
of  Williams  Brothers  and  after  following  that  for  a  time  they  began  investing  in 
and  dealing  in  real  estate,  carrying  on  a  general  real-estate  and  financial  brokerage 
business,  although  they  confined  their  attention  principally  to  land  surveying. 
John  T.  C.  Williams  was  thus  engaged  until  1904,  when  he  was  called  to  public 
office  in  an  appointment  to  the  position  of  inspector  of  fisheries  for  the  Dominion 
government.  For  nine  years  he  has  served  in  that  capacity,  making  a  creditable 
record,  and  he  is  also  justice  of  the  peace  for  British  Columbia  and  a  stipendiary 
magistrate  for  several  counties  of  the  province. 

On  the  I4th  of  September,  1895,  Mr.  Williams  was  married  to  Ella  Amy 
McCall,  a  daughter  of  Captain  Angus  Grant  of  New  Westminster,  British 
Columbia,  and  they  have  one  son,  George  Hobart.  The  name  of  Mr.  Williams 
is  on  the  membership  roll  of  the  Terminal  City  and  Vancouver  Clubs.  He  also 
belongs  to  St.  Paul's  Anglican  Church  of  Vancouver.  He  has  always  been  a 
devotee  of  outdoor  sports  and  in  his  younger  days  was  an  expert  lawn  tennis 
player,  having  taken  part  in  many  tournaments  and  winning  the  lawn  tennis 


406  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

championship  of  British  Columbia  in  1888.  He  has  never  regretted  his  determina- 
tion to  make  his  home  in  the  new  world,  enjoying  the  spirit  of  enterprise  and  the 
atmosphere  which  dominates  this  country,  where  men  are  making  history  through 
the  utilization  of  its  natural  resources,  the  development  of  its  business  affairs  and 
the  control  of  its  governmental  interests. 


JAMES  GILMOUR  MAcKINLAY. 

James  Gilmour  MacKinlay  has  built  up  a  gratifying  business  as  a  financial 
and  real-estate  broker  of  Vancouver,  having  been  connected  with  that  field  of 
activity  since  1905.  His  birth  occurred  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  on  the  gth  of 
August,  1853,  his  parents  being  Ebenezer  and  Mary  (Walker)  MacKinlay.  For 
a  number  of  years  the  father  held  the  rank  of  major  in  the  old  volunteer  admin- 
istrative battalions. 

James  G.  MacKinlay  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  city  and  after  leaving  the  Glasgow  Academy  embarked  in  the  hardware 
business  on  his  own  account  in  1872.  He  thus  remained  an  active  factor  in 
commercial  circles  of  Glasgow  until  1901,  when  he  went  to  Birmingham,  England, 
and  was  there  engaged  in  the  same  business  for  a  period  of  three  years.  In  1904 
he  came  to  Vancouver,  British  Colurftbia,  and  spent  some  time  in  acquainting 
himself  with  the  business  outlook  and  prospects  here.  In  1905  he  began  opera- 
tions as  a  financial  and  real-estate  broker  and  has  since  conducted  business  along 
those  lines  with  gratifying  success,  his  investments  being  principally  in  realty. 
While  still  a  resident  of  Glasgow  he  served  as  captain  of  the  Forty-second  Royal 
Highlanders  (volunteer  battalion)  for  about  five  years; 

On  the  nth  of  November,  1884,  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  Mr.  MacKinlay  was 
joined  in  wedlock  to  Miss  Margaret  Hart,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Margaret 
Hart.  Their  children  are  five  in  number,  as  follows:  Eben,  who  has  been  in 
the  service  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  for  seven  years;  Thomas  H.,  a 
Canadian  customs  official ;  James  G.,  who  is  preparing  for  the  practice  of  law ; 
Alexander  Archibald,  who  is  associated  in  business  with  his  father ;  and  Margaret. 

In  politics  Mr.  MacKinlay  is  a  conservative,  while  his  religious  faith  is  indi- 
cated by  his  membership  in  St.  John's  Presbyterian  Church.  Fraternally  he  is 
identified  with  the  Masons,  belonging  to  Southern  Cross  Lodge  and  also  to  the 
chapter.  He  is  likewise  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  and 
the  Progress  and  Canadian  Clubs.  His  genuine  worth  and  his  devotion  to  all 
that  is  right,  just  and  elevating,  make  him  a  man  whom  to  know  is  to  respect 
and  honor. 


MACKENZIE  MATHESON. 

Engaged  in  the  general  practice  of  law,  the  firm  of  Matheson  &  Carter, 
barristers,  has  won  a  creditable  position  notwithstanding  the  fact  that  its  existence 
covers  only  the  brief  span  of  three  years.  Mr.  Matheson  is  a  young  man,  yet 
diligence  and  determination  are  winning  for  him  a  position  that  older  practitioners 
might  well  envy.  He  was  born  October  31,  1880,  in  Woodstock,  Ontario,  his 
parents  being  Gilbert  and  Annie  Matheson.  The  father  went  to  Manitoba  in 
1881  and  Mackenzie  Matheson  in  due  time  entered  the  public  schools  at  Brandon, 
Manitoba,  where  he  mastered  the  elementary  branches  of  learning.  Eventually 
he  became  a  student  in  Manitoba  College  at  Winnipeg,  and  in  1900  won  the 
degrees  of  Bachelor  of  Arts  and  Bachelor  of  Laws  upon  graduation.  He  was 
articled  in  Winnipeg  with  Munson  &  Allan,  barristers,  for  three  years  and  entered 
upon  the  active  practice  of  his  profession  in  Saskatchewan.  He  filled  the  position 
of  crown  prosecutor  for  the  district  of  Cannington  for  three  years  and  was  official 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  407 

administrator  and  official  assignee  for  the  same  district  at  the  same  time.  Seeking 
a  still  broader  field  of  labor  he  came  to  Vancouver  in  1910  and  after  practicing 
alone  for  a  short  time  was  joined  in  partnership  by  William  D.  Carter,  K.  C., 
in  the  organization  of  the  present  firm  of  Matheson  &  Carter.  Their  practice 
is  general  and  the  court  records  indicate  their  connection  with  considerable 
important  litigation  within  the  last  three  years.  While  the  practice  of  law  is  his 
real  life  work,  and  he  is  most  devoted  to  the  interests  of  his  clients,  Mr.  Matheson 
is  also  a  recognized  factor  in  financial  circles  as  vice  president  of  the  Canadian 
Liverpool  Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver. 

On  the  22d  of  December,  1905,  in  Saskatchewan,  was  celebrated  the  marriage 
of  Mr.  Matheson  and  Miss  Helen  Cain,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Amanda  Cain. 
Her  father,  now  deceased,  was  clerk  of  the  courts  of  Virden,  Manitoba,  for  many 
years.  The  children  of  this  marriage  are  Dorothy,  Betty  and  Mary,  three  inter- 
esting little  daughters.  Mr.  Matheson  holds  membership  in  Plantagenet  Lodge, 
No.  65,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  which  he  was  the  first  secretary.  He  votes  with  the 
liberal  party,  but  aside  from  this  is  not  active  in  politics.  He  finds  pleasant 
relations  through  his  membership  in  the  University  Club  and  he  has  formed  many 
attractive  friendships  during  the  comparatively  brief  period  of  his  residence  in 
in  Vancouver,  his  personal  and  professional  worth  winning  for  him  recognition. 


WILLIAM  D.  CARTER,  K.  C. 

While  William  D.  Carter's  connection  with  the  Vancouver  bar  is  of  compara- 
tively short  duration,  he  has  for  a  quarter  of  a  century  been  an  active  barrister, 
entering  upon  the  practice  of  law  in  1887,  when  called  to  the  bar  of  New  Bruns- 
wick. He  was  born  in  that  province,  October  5,  1863,  his  parents  being  James 
and  Margaret  Carter.  '  His  great-great-grandfather,  John  Carter,  settled  at 
Chignecto,  Nova  Scotia,  in  1778  with  the  Yorkshire  emigrants.  In  the  public 
schools  of  New  Brunswick  William  D.  Carter  began  his  education,  which  was 
continued  in  Dalhousie  College  at  Halifax,  where  he  won  his  LL.  B.  degree  in 
1887.  His  preparation  for  practice  was  thorough,  and  called  to  the  bar  of  New 
Brunswick  in  1887,  he  at  once  entered  upon  the  active  work  of  law  practice  and 
found  in  his  comprehensive  knowledge  of  legal  principles  the  basis  for  his 
success.  He  was  articled  with  the  Hon.  Henry  R.  Emmerson,  of  Dorchester,  New 
Brunswick,  who  was  afterward  minister  of  railways  in  the  Laurier  cabinet. 
After  studying  for  three  years  in  that  connection  he  began  practice  on  his  own 
account  in  Richibucto,  New  Brunswick,  where  he  remained  until  1911,  and  in 
1908  was  appointed  king's  counsel  in  New  Brunswick.  Four  years  afterward  he 
came  to  Vancouver  and  in  April,  1912,  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia. 
He  at  once  began  practice  in  connection  with  Mackenzie  Matheson  and  under  the 
style  of  Matheson  &  Carter  has  since  been  active  in  law  practice  in  this  city. 
He  does  not  specialize  in  any  particular  branch  of  the  law  but  continues  in  general 
practice,  preparing  his  cases  with  thoroughness  and  care  and  presenting  his  cause 
clearly  and  cogently. 

In  other  public  connections  Mr.  Carter  has  been  and  is  well  known.  While  in- 
the  east  he  was  for  eight  or  nine  years  a  director  of  the  Kent  Northern  Railway 
Company.  He  was  also  appointed  one  of  the  commissioners  by  the  New  Bruns- 
wick government  on  questions  of  prohibition  in  that  province  and  to  study  the 
workings  of  the  Canada  Temperance  Act  in  1907.  He  is  interested  in  all' 
significant  and  vital  questions  relating  to  the  northwest  as  well  as  to  the  country 
in  general.  He  votes  with  the  liberal  party,  and  was  the  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  Kent,  New  Brunswick,  in  the  provincial  election  of  1908.  Aside  from  this 
he  has  not  been  active  in  politics,  preferring  to  concentrate  his  energies  upon  his 
professional  duties.  He  is  loyal  to  the  teachings  of  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and' 
the  Masons  and  holds  membership  in  Mount  Hermon  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M. 


408  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

On  the  1st  of  July,  1897,  in  New  Brunswick,  Mr.  Carter  was  married  to  Miss 
Mary  Stevenson,  a  daughter  of  J.  and  Margaret  Stevenson,  the  former  for  many 
years  a  sea  captain.  Their  children  are  Alma,  Delia  and  Wilhelmina.  The 
religious  faith  of  the  family  is  that  of  the  Episcopal  church,  and  in  its  work  Mr. 
Carter  is  interested,  as  he  is  in  all  other  projects  with  which  he  becomes  allied. 
The  principles  which  govern  his  life  are  such  as  will  bear  close  investigation  and 
scrutiny,  and  in  his  law  practice  he  holds  to  a  high  standard  of  professional  ethics. 


RICHARD  GIBSON,  M.  D.,  C.  M. 

Among  the  most  able  members  of  the  medical  fraternity  in  Vancouver  is 
numbered  Dr.  Richard  Gibson,  whose  laudable  ambition  and  well  developed  skill 
have  brought  him  to  a  prominent  place  in  professional  circles  here.  He  is  one  of 
British  Columbia's  native  sons,  his  birth  having  occurred  in  Nanaimo,  this  prov- 
ince, July  12,  1874,  his  parents  being  Richard  and  Margaret  Gibson.  Represen- 
tatives of  his  family  have  lived  in  Nanaimo  for  the  past  forty-three  years  and 
have  become  prominent  and  well  known  in  its  public  affairs.  The  father  served 
at  one  time  as  mayor  of  the  city  and  was  for  twenty  years  prominently  con- 
nected with  the  coal-mining  industry  in  that  vicinity.  He  died  in  September, 
1902,  and  his  widow  still  makes  her  home  at  Nanaimo. 

In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Dr.  Gibson  attended  the  grade  and  high 
schools  in  his  native  city,  and  in  1898,  at  the  time  of  the  first  Klondike  gold  rush, 
he  went  to  Alaska.  He  roughed  it  in  the  truest  sense  of  the  word,  scaling  Chilkoot 
Pass,  carrying  provisions,  building  the  necessary  boats  and  leading  in  every 
way  the  rough  life  of  the  first  Alaskan  prospectors.  This  experience,  however, 
has  been  of  great  benefit  to  him,  as  it  laid  the  foundation  of  the  robust  health 
which  he  now  enjoys.  For  two  years  he  mined  very  successfully  in  the  north  and 
returning  with  the  money  which  he  had  acquired  through  this  venture,  took  a 
course  at  McGill  University  in  Montreal,  graduating  in  1904  with  the  degrees  of 
M.  D.,  C.  M.  He  then  spent  one  year  in  the  general  hospital  in  Montreal  in 
order  to  get  the  advantage  of  practical  experience  along  professional  lines  and  in 
June,  1905,  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  made  his  home.  He  has  been 
accorded  a  liberal  patronage  and  his  skill  and  ability  are  evidenced  in  the  excellent 
results  which  have  attended  his  labors.  Anything  which  tends  to  promote  pro- 
fessional advancement  or  to  secure  the  adoption  of  better  and  more  efficient 
professional  methods  is  of  interest  to  him,  receiving  his  earnest  attention  and  con- 
sideration, and  he  keeps  in  touch  with  the  most  modern  medical  thought,  remaining 
always  a  close  student  of  underlying  professional  principles.  He  is  a  stock- 
holder in  the  British  Columbia  Life  Insurance  Company,  and  as  investor  in  and 
owner  of  considerable  Vancouver  real  estate,  as  well  as  realty  interests  at  Nan- 
aimo, has  shown  sound  judgment  and  discrimination,  being  highly  and  favorably 
regarded  in  business  circles.  He  gave  irrefutable  evidence  of  his  foresight  and 
sagacity  in  selecting  his  location  in  1905,  where  he  has  since  remained.  That 
part  of  the  city  then  possessed  but  three  or  four  business  places,  but  is  now 
solidly  built  up,  standing  as  evidence  of  the  rapid  growth  which  Vancouver  has 
enjoyed  during  the  last  eight  years. 

On  the  ist  of  October,  1907,  Dr.  Gibson  was  united  in  marriage,  in  Nanaimo, 
British  Columbia,  to  Miss  Lillian  Robb,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Helen  Robb, 
of  Montreal,  the  former  for  many  years  engaged  in  the  plumbing  business  in  that 
city.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Gibson  have  became  the  parents  of  a  daughter,  Margaret 
Robb. 

Dr.  Gibson  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church.  Politically  he  is  a  con- 
servative and  fraternally  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows. 
Although  he  fully  absolves  his  obligations  along  these  lines,  his  attention  is  chiefly 
concentrated  upon  his  professional  affairs  and  his  conscientiousness  in  the  per- 
formance of  his  professional  duties  is  proverbial. 


DR.  RICHARD  GIBSON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  411 

Dr.  Gibson  has  ever  been  a  strong  advocate  of  outdoor  exercise  and  has  shown 
a  great  fondness  for  sports,  such  as  walking  and  running.  He  played  on  the 
lacrosse  team  in  the  early  days  at  Nanaimo,  being  an  all  around  athlete.  He  has 
never  since  neglected  physical  exercise,  in  which  he  is  a  true  believer  as  a  counter- 
weight to  mental  labor,  and  keeps  himself  in  perfect  physical  condition.  A  man 
of  two  hundrd  pounds  and  six  feet  tall,  he  ascribes  much  of  his  vigor  to  his 
early  experiences  in  the  north. 


ROBERT  BYERLEY  PARKES. 

Among  the  able  members  of  the  Vancouver  bar  is  numbered  Robert  Byerley 
Parkes,  now  engaged  in  the  general  practice  of  law  as  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  Macdonald,  Parkes  &  Anderson.  He  comes  from  an  old  English  family  and 
was  born  in  England,  December  9,  1861.  In  the  acquirement  of  an  education 
he  attended  University  College,  London,  and  afterward  studied  law  in  London 
University,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1885  with  the  degree  of  LL.B. 
About  1890  he  came  to  British  Columbia  but  immediately  went  to  the  United 
States,  where  he  resided  from  1891  until  1899.  In  the  latter  year  he  returned 
to  British  Columbia,  locating  in  Vancouver,  where  for  a  time  he  read  law  in 
the  offices  of  George  H.  Cowan,  a  well  known  barrister  of  this  city.  In  1905 
he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  and  immediately  entered  upon  the 
practice  of  his  profession.  On  the  I9th  of  October,  1911,  he  aided  in  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  firm  of  Macdonald,  Parkes  &  Anderson,  a  connection  which 
has  proved  an  excellent  one  viewed  from  both  a  financial  and  professional 
standpoint.  The  firm  is  one  of  the  strongest  in  the  city  and  has  charge  of  a 
great  deal  of  important  litigation,  the  name  being  a  guarantee  of  the  able  conduct 
of  a  case,  and  in  the  majority  of  cases,  its  successful  outcome. 

Mr.  Parkes  was  married  in  England  in  1888  to  Miss  Alice  Crowe  and 
they  are  the  parents  of  a  daughter.  The  family  are  members  of  the  Anglican 
church  and  are  well  known  in  the  social  circles  of  the  city  where  they  make 
their  home.  Mr.  Parkes  is  affiliated  with  some  of  the  most  prominent  clubs 
in  Vancouver  and  politically  gives  his  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party, 
taking  an  intelligent  and  public-spirited  interest  in  community  affairs  but  never 
seeking  public  office. 


ALEXANDER  EDWARD  GARRETT. 

Alexander  Edward  Garrett,  barrister  practicing  at  the  Vancouver  bar  as  a 
partner  in  the  firm  of  Livingston,  Garrett,  King  &  O'Dell,  was  born  in  Hamilton, 
Ontario,  September  16,  1871,  a  son  of  John  and  Jessie  (Bell)  Garrett.  The 
father  was  a  captain  in  the  Thirteenth  Regiment,  the  local  militia  of  Hamilton, 
Ontario,  for  a  number  of  years. 

Alexander  E.  Garrett  supplemented  his  preliminary  educational  training  by 
study  in  the  Upper  Canada  College  at  Toronto  and  afterward  attended  Osgoode 
Hall  of  that  city  in  preparation  for  the  practice  of  law.  He  was  called  to  the 
bar  in  Hamilton,  Ontario,  in  the  spring  of  1894,  and  for  almost  twenty  years, 
therefore,  has  been  an  active  follower  of  his  profession,  for  in  that  year  he 
opened  a  law  office  in  his  native  city,  forming  a  partnership  with  Stuart  Living- 
ston under  the  firm  style  of  Livingston  &  Garrett.  For  four  years  they  remained 
in  active  practice  there,  when,  thinking  to  find  a  broader  field  in  the  new  but 
rapidly  growing  west,  Mr.  Garrett  came  to  British  Columbia  in  1898  and  the 
following  year  was  joined  in  Vancouver  by  his  former  partner.  In  1900  Harry 
DeWolf  King  was  admitted  to  the  partnership,  the  firm  remaining  Livingston, 
Garrett  &  King  until  1911,  when  they  were  joined  by  M.  B.  O'Dell  and  the  pres- 


412  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

ent  firm  style  of  Livingston,  Garrett,  King  &  O'Dell  was  adopted.  They  special- 
ize in  the  departments  of  commercial  and  corporation  law  and  in  the  latter  connec- 
tion represent  a  number  of  important  business  interests.  Their  clientage  is  stead- 
ily increasing  and  their  legal  work  is  now  of  an  important  character.  Mr.  Garrett 
is  also  interested  to  a  considerable  extent  in  Vancouver  real  estate  and  is  one 
of  the  directors  in  several  local  companies,  so  that  his  business  affairs  outside 
of  his  profession  are  bringing  him  substantial  return. 

On  the  nth  of  January,  1905,  at  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia,  Mr. 
Garrett  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mabel  A.  Pittendrigh,  a  daughter  of 
Captain  George  and  Maria  (Blount)  Pittendrigh.  Her  father  was  stipendiary 
magistrate  and  coroner  at  New  Westminster  for  twenty  years.  Mr.  Garrett 
served  as  alderman  and  police  commissioner  in  1904  and  polled  the  highest  vote 
ever  given  to  a  candidate  in  ward  one.  He  is  now  out  of  politics.  Becoming  a 
Mason  in  the  east,  he  held  membership  in  Temple  Lodge  of  Hamilton,  Ontario, 
and  is  now  affiliated  with.  Cascade  Lodge  of  Vancouver.  He  belongs  to  the 
Terminal  City  Club  and  has  a  wide  and  favorable  acquaintance  in  its  ranks  and 
in  professional  and  social  circles,  his  position  being  established  by  his  sterling 
individual  worth  and  ability. 


KENNETH  JOHN  MORRISON. 

Application,  determination  and  concentration  have  been  the  watchwords  in 
the  career  of  Kenneth  John  Morrison,  who  in  orderly  progression  has  made  his 
way  to  one  of  the  foremost  positions  in  the  industrial  life  of  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia,  where  he  is  widely  known  as  president  of  the  Morrison  Steel  &  Wire 
Company.  Born  in  Tatamagouche,  Nova  Scotia,  on  November  10,  1866,  his 
parents  were  James  Alexander  and  Mary  (Nicholson)  Morrison,  the  former  a 
native  of  Stornoway,  Hebrides  isles,  north  of  Scotland,  and  the  latter  a  native 
of  Pugwash,  Nova  Scotia.  The  father  for  many  years  successfully  followed 
the  mercantile  business  at  Amherst,  Nova  Scotia,  and  also  conducted  a  general 
store  at  Tatamagouche.  His  span  of  life  far  exceeded  the  biblical  age,  he  passing 
away  at  Amherst  in  1906  at  the  age  of  eighty-two.  The  mother  died  in  the 
same  city  in  1905,  aged  seventy-three. 

In  the  acquirement  of  his  education  Kenneth  John  Morrison  attended  the 
public  schools  at  Amherst,  Nova  Scotia,  and  after  laying  aside  his  text-books 
served  an  apprenticeship  as  a  machinist  and  engineer  in  the  Rob  Engineering 
Company  at  Amherst.  He  there  followed  the  trade  of  machinist  until  1886, 
when  he  removed  to  Boston,  Massachusetts,  where  he  engaged  in  work  for  one 
year.  Returning  to  Amherst,  he  then  filled  for  several  years  the  position  of 
foreman  of  the  shop  of  the  Rob  Engineering  Company  and  later  acted  in  their 
interest  as  traveling  salesman.  He  then  went  to  Londonderry,  Nova  Scotia, 
where  for  three  years  he  was  master  mechanic  in  the  Londonderry  Iron  Works. 
Returning  to  the  United  States,  he  then  remained  for  one  year  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  Pittsburgh  and  Youngstown,  acquiring  valuable  additional  knowledge, 
and  in  1898  came  to  British  Columbia,  where  he  spent  three  years  in  the  boundary 
district  in  and  about  Sandon,  Phoenix  and  Greenwood.  At  the  close  of  that 
period  he  returned  to  Nova  Scotia  to  accept  the  position  of  master  mechanic 
in  the  Dominion  Iron  &  Steel  Company,  in  which  relation  he  remained,  with  that 
company  for  six  years.  He  then  entered  the  employ  of  the  large  new  steel  plant 
of  Milliken  Brothers  at  Staten  Island  as  night  master  mechanic  but  on  account 
of  ill  health  was  forced  to  resign  his  position  and  in  search  of  recuperation  re- 
turned to  Nova  Scotia.  The  year  1907  marks  his  advent  in  Vancouver.  There, 
in  the  spring  of  1905,  Solomon  Weaver  had  established  the  B.  C.  Wire  &  Nail 
Company  but  in  the  fall  of  the  same  year  the  business  was  destroyed  by  fire. 
It  was  rebuilt  and  resumed  operations  in  the  spring  of  1906  but  in  the  fall  of 
that  year  Mr.  Weaver  was  forced  to  close  his  plant.  In  December,  1907,  Mr 


KENNETH  J.  MORRISON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  415 

Morrison  acquired  the  property  and  in  January,  1908,  resumed  operations  under 
the  firm  style  of  the  Morrison  Steel  &  Wire  Company,  Ltd.  The  output  con- 
sists of  wire  nails,  plain  wire  and  small  wire  products.  The  firm  at  present 
is  engaged  in  installing  new  machinery  for  making  several  new  wire  contrivances 
and  they  contemplate  in  the  near  future  the  installation  of  a  galvanizing  plant 
which  will  make  possible  the  manufacture  of  galvanized  wire  and  fencing.  The 
plant  is  located  at  the  north  end  of  Hawks  avenue,  on  Burrard  Inlet,  and  at 
present  furnishes  employment  to  sixty  men,  the  new  and  contemplated  installa- 
tions giving  promise  of  a  much  larger  working  force.  A  man  of  practical  and 
mechanical  knowledge  and  of  extraordinary  business  perception,  Mr.  Morrison 
has  turned  his  wide  and  varied  experience  to  good  account  and  in  the  few  years 
of  his  connection  with  the  Morrison  Steel  &  Wire  Company  has  made  two  blades 
of  grass  grow  where  one  grew  before.  The  industry  which  he  has  brought 
to  life  is  one  of  the  most  valuable  of  the  city  and  in  that  indirect  way  Mr.  Morri- 
son has  done  much  to  promote  commercial  expansion.  It  is  largely  due  to  the 
initiative  and  aggressive  spirit  of  such  men  as  Mr.  Morrison  that  the  Canadian 
northwest  has  gained  its  foremost  place  among  the  producing  countries  of  the 
world,  and  Vancouver,  in  recognizing  his  worth,  honors  and  esteems  him  for  his 
accomplishments  and  those  personal  qualities  which  have  made  possible  his 
success. 

In  January,  1892,  Kenneth  J.  Morrison  was  united  in  marriage  at  Westfall, 
Nova  Scotia,  to  Miss  Jeanette  MacKay,  a  native  of  Stellarton,  that  province. 
In  their  family  are  three  children :  Albert  Henry,  Donald  MacKay  and  Margaret 
Grant.  Mr.  Morrison  is  prominent  in  the  Masons,  being  a  member  of  Plantagenet 
Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  which  he  is  a  charter  member,  being  initiated  in 
Sydney  (N.  S.)  Lodge,  No.  84,  in  which  he  still  holds  membership.  He  is  a 
member  of  Ivy  Lodge,  No.  35,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  of  Amherst,  Nova  Scotia,  in  which 
he  is  a  past  grand.  His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian  denomination, 
his  membership  being  with  St.  John's  church  of  Vancouver.  As  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Trade  he  can  always  be  found  among  those  who  undertake  new  meas- 
ures in  the  interest  of  the  community,  especially  along  lines  of  material  expansion 
and  he  is  also  a  member  of  the  Press  Club  and  the  Progress  and  Terminal  City 
Culbs,  these  relationships  giving  an  indication  of  his  wide  range  of  interests.  A 
business  man  of  the  modern  type,  shrewd,  able,  progressive  and  straightforward, 
he  is  careful  of  his  own  interests,  considerate  of  those  of  others  and  influenced 
at  all  times  by  the  thought  of  the  broader  effect  which  his  life  work  has  upon 
the  growth  of  his  community. 


ROBERT  N.  JOHNSTON. 

An  almost  limitless  number  of  business  enterprises  go  to  make  up  a  city  in 
its  commercial  phases  and  the  result  is  not  the  outcome  of  the  efforts  of  a  few, 
but  of  the  aggregate  labor  of  many.  In  mercantile  circles  in  Vancouver  the 
name  of  Robert  N.  Johnston,  wholesale  tobacconist,  is  well  known.  He  was 
born  at  Charlotte  county,  New  Brunswick,  April  6,  1868,  and  is  a  son  of  John 
and  Ann  Johnston,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Canada  and  were  reared  and 
sducated  in  the  Dominion.  The  father  is  now  deceased,  but  the  mother  still 
irvives. 

Spending  his  youthful  days  under  the  parental  roof  in  the  county  of  his 
nativity,  Robert  N.  Johnston  there  pursued  his  education  and  after  leaving 
the  public  schools  worked  with  his  father  on  a  farm  and  in  the  lumber  business 
until  nineteen  years  of  age,  when  thinking  to  find  broader  opportunities  in  the 
west  he  came  to  British  Columbia  in  the  year  1888.  He  was  not  afraid  of 
work  and  his  industry  proved  the  foundation  upon  which  he  has  built  his  later 
success.  With  his  arrival  on  the  Pacific  coast  he  turned  his  attention  to  boat 
Duilding  and  for  six  years  was  in  the  employ  of  Andrew  Linton.  It  was  while 


416  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

• 

thus  engaged  that  he  took  up  rowing  as  an  occupation  and  in  1891  he  joined 
the  old  Burrard  Rowing  Club  of  Vancouver.  It  was  while  rowing  under  the 
colors  of  that  club  that  it  won  the  amateur  championship  of  British  Columbia 
and  also  the  Pacific  coast.  In  1895  Mr.  Johnston  returned  to  the  east  and  joined 
the  Argonaut  Rowing  Club  of  Toronto,  the  largest  and  best  known  on  the 
American  continent,  and  won  the  amateur  championship  of  Canada  under  the 
colors  of  that  organization.  In  1896  Mr.  Johnston  returned  to  Vancouver, 
which  was  the  year  of  the  water  carnival  in  this  city.  On  the  first  day  of  the 
carnival  he  won  the  amateur  championship,  thus  holding  it  the  second  time; 
on  the  second  day  rowed  Dr.  McDowell,  of  Chicago,  in  a  match  race  and  won; 
the  next  day  won  the  open  professional  race;  and  the  next  year  went  to  the 
east,  where  he  won  nearly  every  race  in  which  he  rowed.  In  1908  Mr.  Johnston 
once  more  came  to  Vancouver  and  matched  against  Jake  Gadeaur,  of  Orilla, 
Ontario,  who  held  the  championship  of  the  world,  and  was  beaten  but  by  two 
lengths — the  fastest  race  ever  rowed  over  a  salt  water  course.  He  has  won 
various  cups  and  medals.  He  has  rowed  in  fifty-six  contests  and  has  lost  only 
two  of  these.  He  was  prepared  for  eastern  races  by  the  great  rower,  Ed 
Hanlon,  and  was  preparing  to  contend  with  Gadeaur  for  a  second  trial  for 
the  championship  of  the  world  when  he  met  with  an  accident. 

Mr.  Johnston  turned  his  attention  to  mercantile  pursuits  in  1899  when  in 
a  modest  way  he  established  a  little  cigar  store  on  Hastings  street  in  Vancouver. 
He  afterward  removed  to  Cambie  street,  where  he  continued  for  six  years. 
Four  years  afterward  he  embarked  in  the  wholesale  business  as  well  as  retail 
and  has  been  thus  engaged  to  the  present  time.  His  business,  owing  to  his 
capable  management,  has  gained  extensive  proportions  and  his  annual  sales 
now  return  to  him  a  gratifying  income. 

In  1908  Mr.  Johnston  married  a  Mrs.  Stone  of  Vancouver,  and  they  reside 
at  No.  887  Richard  street.  Mr.  Johnston  is  a  conservative  in  politics.  He 
enjoys  yachting,  baseball  and  all  outdoor  sports  and  his  name  as  a  champion 
oarsman  is  known  from  coast  to  coast. 


HERBERT  GOULDING  WILSON. 

Herbert  Goulding  Wilson  is  junior  partner  of  the  firm  of  Wilson  Brothers, 
wholesale  grocers  of  Victoria,  and  as  such  occupies  a  prominent  and  enviable 
position  among  the  leading  merchants  and  business  men  of  the  province.  Nature 
fitted  him  for  leadership  and  throughout  his  entire  life  he  has  made  wise  use  of 
his  time  and  opportunities,  gradually  working  his  way  upward  until  he  stands 
among  the  successful  few,  bending  his  energies  to  administrative  direction  and 
executive  control  in  the  management  of  a  business  of  extensive  and  growing 
proportions.  He  was  born  in  London,  England,  April  10,  1872,  a  son  of  Wil- 
liam Wilson,  also  a  native  of  London  and  now  an  active  business  man  of  Vic- 
toria. He,  too,  is  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Wilson  Brothers  and  of  W.  &  J. 
Wilson,  retail  clothiers.  When  he  first  came  to  British  Columbia  he  made  the 
voyage  around  the  Horn  on  the  ship  Celestia.  In  the  intervening  period  he  has 
been  an  active  factor  in  commercial  circles  and  remains  one  of  the  leading  and 
influential  business  men  of  the  city  at  the  present  time.  His  wife,  who  bore  the 
maiden  name  of  Isabel  Eilbeck,  was  a  native  of  Whitehaven,  Cumberland,  Eng- 
land, and  passed  away  in  the  year  1906. 

Herbert  G.  Wilson  was  the  third  in  order  of  birth  in  a  family  of  five  sons 
and  one  daughter.  When  about  six  months  of  age  he  came  to  British  Columbia 
with  his  parents  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Victoria,  supplemented 
by  three  years'  attendance,  from  1885  until  1888,  at  Christ's  College,  Finchely, 
London.  With  the  completion  of  his  course  there  he  returned  to  Victoria  and  on 
the  ist  of  October,  1888,  entered  the  employ  of  R.  P.  Rithet  &  Company,  in 
whose  service  he  obtained  his  initial  experience  in  business  methods.  He  en- 


HERBERT    G.    WILSON 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  419 

tered  that  employ  as  junior  and  worked  his  way  up  through  various  posi- 
tions to  that  of  cashier.  In  October,  1892,  he  entered  the  firm  of  Wilson 
Brothers,  wholesale  grocers,  this  being  one  of  the  old  established  wholesale 
houses  of  the  city,  at  one  time  owned  by  S.  J.  Pitt  &  Company  and  later  by  the 
firm  of  Cowan  &  Wilson.  Herbert  G.  Wilson  is  today  the  executive  head  of 
the  business  and  under  his  control  it  has  not  only  kept  pace  with  the  progress 
of  the  community  but  has  been  a  leader  in  that  substantial  development  which 
has  led  to  the  present  commercial  greatness  of  British  Columbia.  The  members 
of  the  firm  are  accounted  among  the  most  progressive  wholesale  merchants  of 
the  province  and  H.  G.  Wilson  has  become  a  leading  factor  in  trade  circles,  de- 
voting his  attention  strictly  to  his  business,  concentrating  every  effort  upon  its 
wise  management  with  the  view  of  extending  its  trade  connections. 

On  the  nth  of  June,  1902,  Mr.  Wilson  was  married  to  Miss  Harriett  Eliza- 
beth Ross,  a  native  of  Victoria,  and  they  now  have  two  children,  Ross  and 
Kathleen  Goulding.  Mr.  Wilson  is  an  Anglican  in  religious  faith.  He  is  identi- 
fied with  many  of  the  most  progressive  movements  of  the  city  for  its  substantial 
improvement.  He  was  honored  with  election  to  the  presidency  of  the  Victoria 
Board  of  Trade,  serving  in  that  position  from  June,  1910,  until  June,  1912.  He 
was  also  the  first  president  of  the  Victoria  branch  of  the  Vancouver  Island  De- 
velopment League,  being  called  to  the  office  in  1909.  This  is  without  question 
the  most  important  organization  of  its  kind  ever  formed.  Its  plans  are  practical 
and  far-reaching,  and  beneficial  in  results,  looking  beyond  the  exigencies  of  the 
moment  to  the  possibilities  and  opportunities  of  the  future.  Mr.  Wilson  was  also 
president  of  the  Pacific  Club  from  1909  until  1911  inclusive  and  at  the  present 
writing,  in  1913,  is  a  pilotage  commissioner,  having  been  appointed  by  the  Domin- 
ion government.  He  holds  membership  with  the  Union,  Pacific,  Vancouver  and 
Victoria  Golf  Clubs  and  the  James  Bay  Athletic  Association.  He  finds  his 
chief  source  of  recreation  in  golf,  hunting  and  motoring,  and  he  enters  into 
any  sport  with  the  same  contagious  enthusiasm  that  he  displays  in  his  business.  In 
fact  he  is  a  leader  in  anything  that  he  undertakes.  His  prominent  identification 
with  a  number  of  the  most  important  organizations  of  Victoria  indicates  his 
deep  interest  in  the  welfare  and  progress  of  the  city  and  is  proof  positive  of  his 
public  spirit.  The  simple  weight  of  his  character  and  ability  have  carried  him 
into  important  connections  and  the  consensus  of  public  opinion  names  him  as  one 
of  the  leading  and  most  honored  residents  of  Victoria. 


LIEUTENANT  COLONEL  THOMAS  O.  TOWNLEY. 

Popular  as  a  citizen  and  prominent  as  a  barrister,  Lieutenant  Colonel  Town- 
ley  is  widely  known  in  Vancouver  and  in  other  parts  of  the  province  and  his 
record  in  every  connection  commends  him  to  the  confidence  and  high  regard 
of  all.  He  was  born  at  Newmarket,  Ontario,  August  18,  1862,  a  son  of  John 
and  Alice  (Dixon)  Townley,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Lancashire,  Eng- 
land. They  were  married  in  Montreal  and,  going  to  Ontario,  settled  at  New- 
market about  the  year  1837.  The  father  was  a  successful  merchant  there  for 
many  years  and  continued  a  resident  of  that  place  until  his  death  in  1864.  His 
wife  passed  away  in  Vancouver.  They  were  the  parents  of  six  children,  all 
of  whom  are  still  living. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Newmarket  Lieutenant  Colonel  Thomas  O.  Townley 
began  his  education,  which  he  continued  in  Trinity  University,  from  which 
he  was  graduated  B.  A.  with  the  class  of  1882.  He  afterward  went  to  Winni- 
peg, studied  law  and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  Manitoba  in  1886.  He  then 
resumed  his  westward  journey  with  Vancouver  as  his  destination  and  continued 
in  active  practice  here  until  1889.  In  that  year  he  was  appointed  registrar  of 
land  titles  for  the  District  of  New  Westminster  and  continued  in  that  position 
until  1910,  when  he  retired  from  the  office  and  resumed  the  private  practice 


420  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

of  law.  He  is  well  versed  in  the  profession,  having  comprehensive  knowledge 
of  the  principles  of  jurisprudence  in  many  of  its  departments,  and  his  ability 
to  successfully  cope  with  intricate  problems  of  the  law  is  indicated  by  the 
success  which  has  attended  his  efforts. 

Moreover  Colonel  Townley  has  been  prominent  in  public  affairs,  especially 
having  to  do  with  municipal  interests.  In  1901  he  was  elected  mayor  of  Van- 
couver and  filled  the  office  for  one  term,  during  which  period  the  Prince  and 
Princess  of  Wales,  now  King  George  and  Queen  Mary,  visited  Vancouver. 
As  mayor  of  the  city  Lieutenant  Colonel  Townley  had  the  high  honor  of 
receiving  them  in  his  official  capacity  and  delivering  the  reception  address. 
This  was  one  of  the  most  important  and  enjoyable  events  that  has  ever  occurred 
in  the  city  and  Colonel  Townley  discharged  the  duties  that  devolved  upon  him 
on  that  occasion  with  honor  to  himself  and  credit  to  Vancouver.  It  is  well 
known  that  he  is  equal  to  any  occasion,  possessing  rare  tact  and  discrimination 
that  enable  him  to  adapt  himself  to  any  circumstances.  His  military  service, 
covered  a  period  of  ten  years'  connection  with  the  militia,  during  which  period 
he  was  advanced  through  various  grades  until  he  became  lieutenant  colonel, 
holding  that  rank  at  the  time  of  his  retirement  in  1896. 

At  Newmarket,  Ontario,  in  1886,  Colonel  Townley  was  married  to  Frances 
M.  Roe,  a  daughter  of  William  Roe,  Esquire,  a  veteran  of  1812.  His  children 
are  Fred  Laughton,  Evelyn  Roe,  Lawrence,  Edith  Emily,  Max  Mingaye  and 
Philip  Ford.  The  family  are  connected  with  the  Church  of  England  and  Colonel 
Townley  also  holds  membership  in  Cascade  Lodge,  No.  12,  F.  &  A.  M.,  the 
Fraternal  Order  of  Eagles  and  the  Improved  Order  of  Foresters.  He  has 
many  friends  in  those  organizations  and  his  official  service  as  well  as  his  pro- 
fessional connections  have  made  him  widely  known.  Over  the  record  of  his 
public  career  there  falls  no  shadow  of  wrong  or  suspicion  of  evil,  and  the 
consensus  of  public  opinion  places  Colonel  Townley  among  the  valued  and 
honored  citizens  of  Vancouver. 


CHARLES  WILLIAM  TAIT. 

There  is  nothing  in  biographical  literature  more  interesting  or  more  worthy 
of  record  than  the  development  of  a  man's  success,  the  methods  by  which  it  is 
attained  and  the  causes  by  which  it  is  directed.  The  career  of  Charles  William 
Tait  furnishes  splendid  examples  of  the  most  important  elements  which  make 
for  prosperity,  for  by  his  own  efforts,  aided  only  by  his  industry,  his  steadfast- 
ness of  purpose  and  his  determination  to  conquer  an  honorable  destiny  he  has 
worked  his  way  upward  to  prosperity,  rising  steadily  until  he  controls  today  im- 
mense lumber  and  sawmilling  interests  in  New  Westminster  and  occupies  a  place 
of  prominence  in  industrial  circles  of  the  city.  He  is  president  of  the  Fern  Ridge 
Lumber  Company  and  of  the  Royal  City  Lumber  &  Shingle  Company,  Limited, 
and  by  virtue  of  these  connections,  and  the  force  of  the  ability  by  which  they 
were  achieved,  a  powerful  element  in  the  business  development  of  the  city  in 
which  he  resides. 

Mr.  Tait  was  born  in  the  Muskoka  district,  in  the  highlands  of  Ontario,  on  the 
5th  of  May,  1879,  and  is  a  son  of  Thomas  Benson  and  Eva  A.  (Burton)  Tait,  the 
former  a  native  of  New  York  state  and  the  latter  of  England.  Their  marriage 
occurred  in  Bracebridge,  Ontario,  where  the  father  had  come  as  a  young  man  and 
the  mother  when  she  was  still  a  girl  and  in  that  state  the  father  engaged  in  lum- 
bering for  a  number  of  years.  In  1898  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  located 
in  Vancouver,  where  he  continued  in  the  lumber  business  for  some  time,  later 
moving  to  Port  Moody  and  thence  to  New  Westminster,  where  his  death  oc- 
curred in  1906.  His  wife  survives  him  and  makes  her  home  in  Vancouver. 

Charles  W.  Tait  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Ontario  but 
his  advantages  along  this  line  were  limited,  as  at  the  early  age  of  fourteen  he 


CHARLES  W.  TATT 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  423 

became  a  wage  earner.  Since  that  time  he  has  been  entirely  dependent  upon  his 
own  resources  and  the  conditions  of  his  life  developed  in  him  a  self-reliance  and 
independence  and  an  initiative  spirit  which  have  remained  salient  elements  in  his 
character  to  the  present  time.  For  generations  back  the  members  of  his  family 
had  been  in  the  lumber  business  and  his  own  inclination  led  him  into  this  field 
of  occupation.  Accordingly,  he  secured  a  position  with  the  lumber  firm  of 
Gilmour  &  Company  of  Ottawa  at  tallying  lumber  and  he  remained  in  their  em- 
ploy until  April,  1897,  when  he  went  upon  a  short  visit  to  his  home.  In  the 
following  May  he  came  to  the  Pacific  coast,  locating  in  Vancouver,  where  he 
went  to  work  for  his  uncle,  W.  L.  Tait,  a  well  known  lumberman  in  that  city. 
However,  he  worked  here  but  a  short  time  and  then  went  to  Port  Moody,  where 
he  found  employment  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  Lumber  Company  as  manager 
of  their  shingle  mills.  This  position  he  retained  for  two  years  and  at  the  end 
of  that  time  came  to  New  Westminster,  already  master  of  the  lumber  business 
in  principle  and  detail  and  with  his  natural  ability  developed  by  his  years  of  con« 
tact  with  practical  business  conditions.  New  Westminster,  however,  was  not 
then  an  advantageous  field  along  his  special  line,  the  lumber  business  being  dull, 
and  he  therefore  turned  his  attention  to  other  work,  becoming  a  waybiller  for  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Company,  by  whom  he  was  employed  for  nine  months 
at  a  salary  of  forty  dollars  a  month.  Finding  this  unprofitable,  he  turned  his  atten- 
tion to  steamboating  on  the  Fraser  river,  acting  as  purser  of  the  steamer  Ramona, 
which  position  he  filled  for  two  years,  after  which  he  was  promoted  to  be  manager 
and  purser.  In  1904  he  abandoned  steamboating  and  accepted  a  position  with  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Lumber  Company  as  commercial  salesman,  representing  their  in- 
terests in  the  prairie  districts  of  Canada  until  July  or  August,  1905,  when  he  went 
into  business  for  himself,  organizing  what  was  then  known  as  the  Globe  Lumber 
Company,  with  headquarters  at  Winnipeg,  Manitoba.  Mr.  Tait  was  made  vice 
president  and  Pacific  coast  representative  and  he  acted  in  both  capacities  until 
September,  1907,  when  he  sold  his  interests  in  the  Globe  Lumber  Company  and 
in  partnership  with  Captain  C.  H.  DeBeck  purchased  a  small  sawmill  on  the 
south  side  of  the  Fraser  river.  This  they  converted  into  a  one  mill  shingle  mill 
and  operated  under  the  name  of  the  Dominion  Lumber  &  Shingle  Manufacturing 
Company.  In  the  spring  of  1908  they  added  another  shingle  machine  to  their 
equipment  and  in  the  fall  of  that  year  began  the  construction  of  a  sawmill  at 
Fern  Ridge.  In  the  summer  of  1909  they  purchased  what  was  known  as  the 
Freeman  mill  at  Alder  Grove  and  this  they  rebuilt  and  in  it  installed  four 
shingle  machines.  As  their  business  expanded  they  erected  more  mills,  the 
year  1910  witnessing  the  construction  of  another  at  Fern  Ridge,  which  they 
operated  in  conjunction  with  their  sawmill  at  that  point.  Their  business  expand- 
ing rapidly  along  promising  lines,  they  determined  to  incorporate  the  concern 
and,  finding  that  the  name  under  which  they  did  business  conflicted  with  that 
held  by  charter  by  another  concern,  they  were  obliged  to  change  the  title  of  the 
new  enterprise  to  the  Fern  Ridge  Lumber  Company,  under  which  the  concern 
was  incorporated.  In  January,  1912,  Captain  DeBeck  disposed  of  his  interests 
but  Mr.  Tait  remained  as  president,  an  office  which  he  creditably  and  ably  fills. 
In  the  same  year  the  company  purchased  what  was  known  as  the  Smith  &  John- 
son sawmill  at  Rosedale  and  are  now  constructing  there  another  shingle  mill. 
The  Fern  Ridge  Lumber  Company  operates  mills  of  this  character  at  four  dif- 
ferent points  in  British  Columbia  and  two  sawmills  elsewhere  and  controls  a  daily 
output  of  six  hundred  thousand  shingles  and  about  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
thousand  feet  of  lumber.  It  also  operates  about  eight  miles  of  standard  gauge 
railroad,  using  two  locomotives  of  its  own,  and  the  entire  concern  furnishes  em- 
ployment to  about  four  hundred  men.  The  main  offices  are  in  the  F.  J.  Hart 
building  and  the  company  buys  all  of  its  supplies  in  the  home  city.  The  ^men 
who  control  its  destinies  are  all  reliable,  discriminating  and  forceful  business 
men  and  its  president,  Mr.  Tait,  possesses  rare  business  ability,  his  ^difficult 
position  calling  forth  his  splendid  executive  and  organizing  power  and  his  quick 
and  comprehensive  grasp  of  business  detail.  Under  his  able  management  the 


424  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

concern  has  grown  rapidly  and  expanded  along  progressive  and  modern  lines, 
being  today  one  of  the  great  industrial  enterprises  in  New  Westminster  and  a 
dominant  factor  in  the  development  of  the  lumber  and  shingle  business  in  British 
Columbia.  In  January,  1913,  Mr.  Tait  in  company  with  his  former  partner, 
Captain  C.  H.  DeBeck,  and  E.  M.  Matheson  purchased  the  Royal  City  Shingle 
&  Cedar  Lumber  Mills  in  New  Westminster  and  incorporated  the  business  under 
the  name  of  the  Royal  City  Lumber  &  Shingle  Company,  Limited,  of  which  Mr. 
Tait  acts  as  president. 

On  the  27th  of  December,  1901,  Mr.  Tait  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Vio- 
let Winifred  DeBeck,  a  daughter  of  Captain  C.  H.  DeBeck,  of  New  Westminster, 
of  whom  extended  mention  is  made  elsewhere  in  this  work.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Tait 
became  the  parents  of  two  children,  one  of  whom,  Clarence  Benson,  survives. 

Fraternally  Mr.  Tait  is  connected  with  King  Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17,  A.  F. 
&  A.  M.,  and  he  belongs  also  to  the  chapter,  the  commandery  and  to  Gizeh  Temple, 
A.  A.  O.  N.  M.  S.  He  is  a  business  man  of  the  modern  type,  energetic,  thoroughly 
able  and  public-spirited,  anxious  for  success  not  only  as  an  individual  asset 
but  also  as  a  factor  in  public  development.  In  this  cause  he  has  done  beneficial, 
and  far-reaching  work  as  a  member  of  the  Westminster  Board  of  Trade,  the 
Westminster  Progressive  Club  and  the  Westminster  Club  and  he  is  a  leader  in 
all  progressive  public  enterprises,  for  he  believes  in  the  future  of  the  city  and 
stands  among  the  men  who  make  that  future  possible.  His  success  is  entirely  the 
result  of  his  own  well  directed  labors  and  unfaltering  energy,  for  he  has  made 
the  best  possible  use  of  all  the  advantages  which  have  come  to  him,  possessing 
at  the  outset  steadfastness  of  purpose,  high  ideals  and  the  ability  which  com- 
mands opportunity. 


LEONARD  FRANK  HOUGHTON,  M.  R.  C.  S.  (ENG.),  L.  R.  C.  P.  (LONDON). 

Although  Dr.  Leonard  Frank  Houghton  has  practiced  the  medical  profession 
in  Victoria  only  since  1911  he  has  in  that  short  time  built  up  a  remarkably  exten- 
sive and  profitable  patronage.  He  maintains  commodious  and  well  equipped 
offices  in  the  Campbell  building  and  therein  are  to  be  found  all  the  appliances 
necessary  for  the  execution  of  his  work.  For  many  years  he  was  one  of  the  most 
successful  physicians  in  various  parts  of  England,  coming  to  Canada  in  order 
to  profit  by  the  great  opportunities  a  fast  developing  country  presents.  Dr. 
Houghton  has  many  other  interests,  being  connected  with  important  manufactur- 
ing institutions  and  owning  valuable  real  estate.  Born  on  May  n,  1868,  in  Lon- 
don, England,  he  is  a  son  of  George  and,  Gertrude  (Oakes)  Houghton,  both  of 
whom  passed  away  on  July  20,  1913.  The  father  was  chairman  of  Hough- 
tons,  Limited,  the  largest  photographic  goods  and  supply  house  in  Eng- 
land. The  firm  was  established  by  Dr.  Houghton's  grandfather,  George  Hough- 
ton,  Senior,  in  1834,  the  latter  being  actively  engaged  in  business  up  to  the  time 
of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1887.  The  firm  was  originally  known  as  Claudet 
&  Houghton  and  it  was  Mr.  Claudet  who  introduced  the  daguerreotype  into  Eng- 
land. George  Houghton,  the  Doctor's  father,  entered  the  firm  in  1853,  and  was 
actively  engaged  in  the  business  up  to  within  the  last  few  years.  '  Upon  his 
entrance  into  the  firm  Mr.  Claudet  retired  and  the  firm  then  became  known  as 
George  Houghton  &  Son.  They  were  at  one  time  principally  engaged  in  the 
wholesale  glass  trade,  later  adding  the  manufacture  of  photographic  glass  plates, 
and  as  photography  developed  and  became  more  general  a  gradual  transition  took 
place  until  eventually  additional  works  were  established  in  connection  with  the 
original  plant  and  about  1895  the  manufacture  of  cameras  and  photographic 
accessories  was  undertaken.  In  the  latter  year  the  firm  was  changed  into  a 
limited  liability  company  under  the  name  of  George  Houghton  &  Son,  Limited, 
and  a  few  years  later  an  amalgamation  took  place  with  several  other  photo- 
graphic firms,  the  business  then  becoming  known  as  Houghtons,  Limited.  At 


DR.  LEONARD  F.  HOUGHTON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  427 

the  present  time  the  managing  director  is  Edgar  W.  Houghton,  a  brother  of  our 
subject.  The  firm  is  considered  the  largest  in  England  engaged  in  the  photo- 
graphic business. 

Gertrude  (Oakes)  Houghton,  the  mother  of  Dr.  Houghton,  was  a  daughter 
of  Edwin  M.  Oakes,  who  for  many  years  was  engaged  in  the  cutlery  business  in 
Sheffield,  England,  under  the  name  of  E.  M.  Oakes'  Cutlery  Manufactory,  being 
one  of  the  oldest  cutlery  plants  in  England.  George  Houghton  and  Gertrude 
Oakes  were  married  at  Hampstead  Heath,  London,  in  1865  and  to  their  union 
were  born  seven  children,  George  E.,  Leonard  F.,  Edgar  W.,  Charles  E.,  Mary  G., 
Ethel  K.  and  Winifred  E.  Dr.  Houghton  is  the  only  one  of  the  family  who 
came  to  Canada. 

Dr.  Houghton  was  educated  in  the  City  of  London  School,  entering  the  same 
in  1878  and  graduating  in  1881,  at  which  time  he  secured  entrance  into  Neuen- 
heim  College  at  Heidelberg,  Germany,  which  he  attended  until  1883.  In  that 
year  he  returned  to  England,  entering  King's  College  school,  which  he  attended 
for  a  term  of  two  years,  leaving  in  1885.  In  the  same  year  he  began  the  study 
of  medicine  under  an  uncle  in  Sheffield,  England,  and  in  1887  became  connected 
with  St.  Mary's  Hospital  at  Paddington,  London,  England,  remaining  there  until 
the  early  part  of  1893.  In  that  year  he  qualified  by  obtaining  the  degrees  of  M. 
R.  C.  S.  (England)  and  L.  R.  C.  P.  (London).  In  1893  he  entered  the  Hospital 
for  Sick  Children,  Great  Ormond  street,  London,  where  for  eighteen  months 
he  held  different  positions.  In  the  fall  of  1894  he  started  in  the  practice  of 
medicine  for  himself  in  East  Looe,  Cornwall,  England,  remaining  at  that  place 
until  December,  1900,  and  building  up  a  lucrative  practice.  In  the  latter  year 
Dr.  Houghton  went  to  Weston-super-Mare,  there  following  his  profession  with 
ever  increasing  success  until  April,  1909.  Although  he  was  very  successful  in 
building  up  a  lucrative  practice  he  decided  to  seek  the  opportunities  offered  in 
Canada,  which  he  considered  more  attractive,  and  in  1909  left  the  mother  coun- 
try for  the  Dominion,  eventually  locating  in  Salt  Spring  Island,  where  he  secured 
the  post  of  resident  physician,  an  office  which  he  filled  for  two  years.  He  then 
made  another  removal,  coming  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  in  the  fall  of  1911, 
establishing  his  office  in  the  Sayward  building,  which  he  made  his  headquarters 
until  December,  1912.  In  that  short  time  his  practice  had  increased  to  such  a 
remarkable  extent  that  more  commodious  offices  were  needed  and  he  secured  just 
what  he  wanted  in  the  new  and  modern  Campbell  building,  at  the  corner  of  Fort 
and  Douglas  streets,  and  there  he  has  the  best  facilities  for  handling  his  ever 
)wing  practice. 

Dr.  Hotighton  is  financially  interested  in  the  firm  that  bears  his  name,  Hough- 
is,  Limited,  of  London,  England,  and  also  in  the  Capital  Trust  Company  of 
^ictoria,  British  Columbia,  and  the  White  Island  Sulphur  Company  of  New 
Zealand.  He  also  is  connected  with  other  enterprises  and  is  the  owner  of  con- 
siderable real  estate  in  Victoria  and  the  vicinity. 

On  May  30,  1895,  Dr.  Houghton  was  united  in  marriage  in  North  Wales  to 
Miss  Jennie  Jones,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Thomas  Jones,  the  former  a  promi- 
nent landowner  and  timber  merchant,  residing  at  Plas  Coch,  Llanychan,  near 
Ruthin,  North  Wales,  England.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Houghton  had  the  following  sons. 
Leonard  Frank  was  born  May  31,  1896,  and  died  on  June  3d  of  that  year.  Frank 
Llewellyn,  born  July  18,  1897,  is  now  in  the  Royal  Naval  College  of  Halifax, 
Nova  Scotia,  as  a  naval  cadet,  having  joined  in  January,  1913.  Leonard  Wynn, 
who  was  born  August  14,  1900,  is  a  student  in  the  Collegiate  School  of  Victoria, 
British  Columbia.  Maurice  Trevor,  who  completes  the  family,  was  born  Sep- 
tember 22,  1903,  and  is  also  attending  the  Collegiate  School  in  Victoria. 

Dr.  Houghton  has  an  interesting  military  record  to  his  credit.  He  was  sur- 
geon lieutenant  in  the  Cornwall  Volunteer  Artillery  (Coast  Defence)  from  1895 
to  1897  and  was  lieutenant  in  the  same  corps  from  1897  to  1899.  In  1895  he 
was  awarded  the  Recruit's  medal  for  the  whole  of  Cornwall  for  rifle  shooting.  At 


428  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

% 

the  present  time  he  is  a  lieutenant  in  the  Royal  Army  Medical  Corps  of  Canada. 
In  his  political  views  Dr.  Houghton  is  a  conservative,  deeply  interested  in  the 
welfare  of  his  party  although  he  has  never  aspired  to  political  honors.  He  is  a 
Free  Mason,  his  lodge  being  that  of  Sancta  Maria,  No.  2682,  of  London,  England. 
He  also  is  a  member  of  the  Ancient  Order  of  Foresters  of  England  and  of  the 
Sons  of  England  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  of  Canada.  More- 
over, he  belongs  to  the  Protective  Benevolent  Order  of  Beavers  of  Victoria.  His 
religion  is  that  of  the  Church  of  England.  Dr.  Houghton  finds  much  to  interest 
him  in  philately  and  is  an  enthusiastic  stamp  collector,  his  collection  being  won- 
derfully complete  and  much  admired  by  all  interested  along  that  line.  He  is  also 
well  informed  on  astronomical  subjects  and  geology  and  an  ardent  lover  of  music 
and  while  in  England  he  delivered  a  number  of  interesting  lectures  on  geology. 
He  also  has  lectured  in  connection  with  the  St.  John's  Ambulance  Association 
since  1894,  having  delivered  four  courses  in  the  last  two  years  in  Victoria,  British 
Columbia. 


KARL  WEISS,  PH.  D. 

Dr.  Karl  Weiss  is  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Vancouver  German  Press, 
and  in  this  connection  is  doing  much  to  promote  the  development  of  the  country 
through  the  exploitation  of  its  advantages  and  resources.  He  is  a  firm  believer 
in  the  future  of  the  great  and  growing  northwest  and  his  efforts  have  consti- 
tuted a  direct  factor  in  the  work  of  general  improvement.  He  was  born  at 
Vienna,  Austria,  January  4,  1869,  and  is  a  son  of  Joseph  and  Amelia  (Benedikt) 
Weiss,  who  were  also  natives  of  the  same  city.  The  father  was  an  officer  in  the 
Austrian  army,  but  retired  after  ten  years'  service.  Both  he  and  his  wife  have 
now  passed  away. 

Dr.  Karl  Weiss  was  a  student  in  the  Universities  of  Vienna  and  Zurich, 
Switzerland.  He  afterward  served  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Austrian  army  for  two 
and  a  half  years  and  later  took  up  the  practice  of  chemistry.  He  did  much  free 
lance  editorial  work,  writing  for  publications  on  political,  economic  and  other 
vital  and  significant  questions.  In  1901  he  went  to  New  York  city  as  a  newspaper 
man  and  correspondent  for  a  number  of  European  publications,  including  the 
Colonial  Gazette,  published  by  the  Austrian-Hungarian  Colonial  Society.  While 
in  the  United  States  he  studied  and  wrote  much  concerning  colonization  for 
European  papers  and  became  familiar  with  every  phase  of  the  subject.  He 
was  also  interested  in  public  and  political  matters,  writing  upon  many  topics,  and 
he  also  spent  some  time  in  accompanying  families  of  the  nobility  in  tours  through- 
out the  United  States. 

In  August,  1911,  Dr.  Weiss  came  to  Vancouver  for  the  benefit  of  his  wife's 
health,  having  no  intention  of  remaining  permanently,  however.  Her  recovery 
was  rapid,  but  by  the  time  Mrs.  Weiss  was  able  to  leave  in  October  they  had 
become  so  much  interested  in  Vancouver  that  they  decided  to  remain.  Upon 
the  urgent  request  of  many  of  his  German  friends,  Dr.  Weiss  endeavored  to 
purchase,  either  entirely  or  in  part,  the  German  paper  that  was  then  being  printed, 
but  being  unable  to  come  ,to  an  agreement  with  the  owner  he  established  the 
Vancouver  German  Press,  the  first  issue  being  brought  out  on  the  9th  of  Novem- 
ber, 1911.  He  started  with  five  hundred  sample  copies  and  something  of  the 
marvelously  rapid  growth  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  the  present  circulation  is 
eighty-four  hundred  copies.  The  Press  numbers  its  subscribers  in  all  the 
European  countries,  the  foreign  circulation  amounting  to  six  hundred  copies. 
In  August,  1912,  he  began  the  publication  of  the  Italia  del  Canada,  and  in  March, 
1913,  the  Svenska  Posten,  of  both  of  which  he  is  also  editor  and  proprietor. 
These  papers,  like  his  German  publication,  have  proven  very  successful.  His 
object  and  sole  purpose  has  from  the  beginning  been  not  to  publish  foreign  papers 
in  Canada,  but  to  furnish  a  Canadian  paper  printed  in  the  foreign  tongues,  and 


DR.  KARL  WEISS 


431 

also  to  impress  upon  each  and  every  reader  the  fact  that  although  they  should 
not  forget  the  mother  country  they  should  become  loyal  Canadian  subjects  and 
naturalized  citizens  of  their  adopted  land  as  quickly  as  possible.  For  the  benefit 
of  those  who  are  still  at  home  across  the  seas  and  are  interested  in  this  wonderful 
country,  each  week  these  papers  print  long  editorials  on  the  resources  and  oppor- 
tunities of  this  progressive  new  empire  of  the  northwest,  and  especially  British 
Columbia.  Dr.  Weiss  has  the  hearty  cooperation  and  the  good-will  of  all.  It 
is  recognized  that  he  never  stands  in  the  way  of  any  progressive  movement  that 
can  possibly  benefit  the  city,  province  or  Dominion  in  any  way.  On  the  contrary 
he  labors  persistently  and  effectively  to  plant  in  the  heart  of  each  newcomer, 
through  the  columns  of  his  papers  as  well  as  through  direct  contact,  the  true 
spirit  of  loyalty  and  patriotism.  His  business  interests  have  been  incorporated  and 
are  now  conducted  under  the  name  of  the  Linguistic  Printing  &  Publishing 
Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  is  the  president.  He  is  also  managing  director  and 
treasurer  of  the  Agricultural  Settlement  Association,  Ltd.,  which  organization  will 
bring  at  least  two  thousand  settlers  to  Canada  in  the  year  1913. 

On  the  3d  of  April,  1894,  Dr.  Weiss  was  married  is  Vienna  to  Miss  Johanna 
V.  Maly,  daughter  of  Franz  V.  Maly,  of  that  city.  They  have  two  children, 
Hansi  Amelia  and  Marie  Wilhelmina.  The  parents  are  members  of  St.  Patrick's 
Catholic  church.  Dr.  Weiss  holds  membership  in  the  German  and  Progress 
Society,  the  German  Society  of  Victoria,  the  German  Club  and  the  Sons  of  Her- 
man. Dr.  Weiss  practices  in  his  own  life  what  he  preaches.  He  retains  the 
deepest  love  for  the  land  of  his  birth,  but  at  the  same  time  he  feels  that  he  owes 
profound  loyalty  to  the  land  of  his  adoption,  living  under  the  protection  of  its 
laws  and  benefiting  by  its  business  and  other  conditions.  What  he  has  accom- 
plished and  the  efforts  he  has  put  forth  mark  him  as  a  man  of  lofty  patriotism, 
and  the  value  of  his  services  in  behalf  of  Canada  can  hardly  be  over-estimated. 


ARTHUR  PERCEVAL  JUDGE. 

Arthur  Perceval  Judge,  a  notary  public  and  conveyancer  of  Vancouver, 
was  born  in  Calcutta,  India,  July  4,  1846,  a  son  of  Joseph  Spencer  and  Catherine 
Ann  (Bristow)  Judge.  The  father  was  solicitor  for  the  Bank  of  Bengal, 
Calcutta,  and  for  the  Peninsular  &  Oriental  Steam  Navigation  Company  for 
many  years.  The  son  attended  private  schools  in  England  and  deciding  upon 
the  practice  of  law  as  a  life  work  qualified  for  the  profession.  He  became  a 
practicing  solicitor  in  London,  England,  where  he  remained  for  an  extended 
period,  but  the  lure  of  the  new  west  was  upon  him  and  in  the  spring  of  1891  he 
sought  the  opportunities  offered  in  the  province  of  British  Columbia,  making 
his  way  to  Victoria.  In  June  of  the  same  year  he  went  to  New  Westminster, 
where  he  entered  the  offices  of  Corbould,  McColl,  Wilson  &  Campbell,  and 
in  1892  took  charge  of  their  conveyancing  work  in  Vancouver.  He  remained 
with  them  until  1903  when  he  withdrew  from  that  connection  and  started  out 
independently.  He  has  since  been  alone  and  has  built  up  a  business  of  large 
and  gratifying  proportions.  He  is  a  worthy  representative  of  the  notarial 
profession  and  is  equally  well  known  as  a  conveyancer,  having  comprehensive 
and  thorough  familiarity  with  each  phase  of  the  business.  In  1905  he  was 
associated  with  J.  L.  G.  Abbot,  then  district  registrar  of  titles  in  Vancouver, 
in  drawing  up  the  amendments  to  the  land  registry  act  and  also  in  the  consoli- 
dated act  in  1906.  He  is  now  chairman  of  the  Island  River  Coal  Company. 
Mr.  Judge  is  interested  in  all  questions  of  the  day  and  gives  earnest  consideration 
to  the  significant  themes  which  engage  public  attention,  standing  at  all  times 
in  support  of  those  measures  which  he  believes  will  prove  of  benefit  to  the 
community  and  country  at  large. 

On  the  6th  of  May,  1873,  in  London,  England,  Mr.  Judge  was  married  to 

[iss  Mary  Helen  Cowie,  a  daughter  of  David  and  Caroline  (Deveril)   Cowie. 
vol.  in— 1  5 


432  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

Their  children  are:  Spencer  Perceval,  an  artist,  who  is  married  and  resides  in 
Vancouver;  Mary  Edith,  Ruth,  Frank,  Harry,  Charles  and  Allan,  all  at  home; 
Hope,  deceased;  Grace  and  Kathleen. 

Mr.  Judge  has  used  his  musical  talent  for  public  benefit,  inasmuch  as  he  was 
choirmaster  in  Christ  church  from  1896  until  1902.  Pleasant  in  manner,  genial 
in  disposition  and  of  unfailing  courtesy,  he  has  gained  many  friends  during 
the  period  of  his  residence  in  the  Pacific  coast  province. 


HENRY  BROUGHTON  THOMSON. 

The  writer  knows  of  no  better  way  of  commencing  a  brief  character  sketch  of 
Henry  Broughton  Thomson,  M.  P.  P.,  than  to  relate  an  incident  which  occurred 
when  the  former,  in  the  pursuit  of  his  day's  routine  as  a  newspaper  reporter, 
ran  across  one  of  the  pioneers  of  the  Cariboo  district,  a  man  who  had  lived  the 
rough  life  of  a  miner  amid  the  hills  of  British  Columbia  for  over  forty  years. 
This  old  gentleman  was  paying  his  first  visit  to  Victoria  after  a  very  long  absence, 
renewing  acquaintances,  and  remembering  having  heard  "that  Mr.  Thomson 'at 
one  time  was  located  in  Cariboo,  I  mentioned  this  fact  to  him.  Then  he  said: 
"Oh  yes,  I  know  Thomson ;  he  is  one  of  the  finest  men  I  ever  met.  When  Thom- 
son tells  you  anything,  you  can  swear  by  it." 

This  may  sound  somewhat  prosaic  and  puerile,  but  if  you  knew  the  life  of  the 
men  who  did  the  pioneer  work  in  British  Columbia,  that  would  not  be  your 
estimate  of  the  old  miner's  tribute.  Out  in  the  wide  spaces  of  the  west,  where 
nature  in  the  rough  has  to  be  grappled  with,  the  men  who  have  blazed  the  trail 
for  civilization  and  development  had  the  habit  of  "calling  a  spade  a  spade."  They 
were  quick  to  detect  the  false  and  the  spurious ;  and  the  impostor  and  the  sham 
had  no  chance ;  he  would  be  found  out.  Hence,  I  say,  that  for  as  young  a  man, 
as  Thomson,  to  have  gone  amongst  this  class  and  to  have  come  away  with  their 
indorsement,  is  a  splendid  and  all  sufficient  tribute  to  his  sterling  qualities  as  a 
man  and  citizen. 

Mr.  Thomson  was  born  in  County  Down,  Ireland,  on  July  21,  1870,  and  hence 
is  now  only  in  the  prime  of  life.  His  father  was  Captain  William  Thomson, 
formerly  of  the  Seventy-eighth  Highlanders  who  had  seen  service  in  the  Indian 
Mutiny.  He  died  in  1893.  His  mother,  formerly  Alice  Broughton,  was  a  native 
of  England,  and  a  granddaughter  of  Captain  William  Broughton,  a  conspicuous 
figure  on  the  pages  of  history  dealing  with  British  Columbia.  Mrs.  Thomson 
is  still  living  and  resides  in  Victoria. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  received  his  education  at  the  Bedford  (England) 
grammar  school,  afterwards  going  to  London,  where  he  entered  a  shipping  office 
and  received  a  thorough  business  training,  which  mightily  influenced  his  later 
career.  He  remained  in  the  metropolis  for  four  years.  In  the  year  1893,  young 
Thomson  set  out  for  British  Columbia,  the  land  of  opportunity,  of  which  he 
had  heard  glowing  accounts,  and  arrived  in  Victoria  in  that  year.  Here,  he 
was  variously  employed  for  a  couple  of  years,  when  he  went  to  Nelson,  in  the 
Kootenay  district,  to  embark  upon  what  proved  to  be  a  strenuous  and  successful 
business  career,  taking  the  position  of  manager  of  a  branch  of  Turner,  Beeton  & 
Company,  wholesale  merchandise.  While  in  that  city  he  served  as  a  member 
of  the  city  council. 

In  1899,  he  removed  to  Cariboo,  where  he  engaged  in  business  on  his  own 
account.  When  the  Hon.  J.  H.  Turner,  the  former  premier  of  British  Columbia, 
and  now  agent  general  in  London,  accepted  the  latter  post,  Mr.  Thomson  was 
offered,  and  accepted  the  position  of  manager  of  the  great  wholesale  business 
which  bears  Mr.  Turner's  name.  In  1902,  when  the  firm  of  Turner,  Beeton  & 
Company  was  incorporated,  Mr.  Thomson  became  one  of  its  directors,  and 
still  holds  that  position  on  the  board. 


HENRY  B.  THOMSON 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  435 

The  people  of  Victoria  were  not  slow  in  recognizing  that  Mr.  Thomson  had 
more  than  a  remarkable  capacity  for  business,  for  in  1907  he  was  elected  to  the 
legislature  as  one  of  the  four  city  representatives.  And  that  he  has  served  them 
well  in  that  capacity  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  he  was  reelected  in  the  general 
elections  of  1909  and  again  in  1912. 

The  government  of  Sir  Richard  McBride  and  the  members  of  the  legislature 
supporting  that  administration  were  also  quick  to  realize  that  "H  B",  as  he  came 
to  be  known  to  his  intimates,  had  a  special  capacity,  for  he  was  placed  on  the 
private  bills  committee,  where  he  served  for  a  number  of  years,  then  made  deputy 
whip,  and  later,  in  1911,  appointed  whip  for  the  conservative  party. 

Amongst  his  close  friends  in  the  legislature  and  in  political  circles  "H  B"  is 
known  as  a  man  who  "does  things."  He  has  a  blunt,  straightforward  manner  of 
speech,  which,  when  he  has  spoken,  leaves  no  doubt  at  all  as  to  what  his  mean- 
ing is ;  and  this  trait  of  character,  backed  up  by  a  courage  of  conviction  and  a 
dauntless  will,  usually  accomplish  the  ends  he  seeks.  This  special  ability  or 
capacity — call  it  what  you  will — has  been  taken  advantage  of  by  the  people  of 
Victoria  on  more  than  one  occasion,  conspicuous  amongst  which  instances  was 
his  trip  to  Ottawa  in  the  spring  of  1913  as  a  member  of  a  deputation  to  inter- 
view the  government  on  a  matter  of  large  port  improvements  for  Victoria. 
Their  mission  was  entirely  successful,  and  on  their  return  to  Victoria,  they  were 
given  a  special  vote  of  thanks  by  the  board  and  otherwise  thanked  by  the 
citizens. 

That  Mr.  Thomson's  business  talent  is  appreciated  outside  the  firm  of  which 
he  is  now  the  head,  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  he  has  for  some  time  been  a  direc- 
tor of  the  Colonist  Printing  &  Publishing  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Victoria,  and  also  a 
director  of  the  Victoria  Transfer  Company.  For  a  number  of  terms  he  was  one 
of  the  most  valued  members  of  the  council  of  the  Victoria  Board  of  Trade,  of 
which  body  of  course  he  is  still  a  member. 

"H  B",  as  becomes  a  true  westerner  with  a  boundless  faith  in  the  destiny 
of  the  fairest  and  greatest  province  of  the  Dominion,  is,  socially,  widely  known 
and  immensely  popular.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Union,  Pacific,  and  Camosun 
Clubs,  and  prominently  identified  with  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  is 
unmarried. 

It  may  be  added  in  conclusion,  that  Victoria  has  great  hopes  for  the  future 
of  H.  B.  Thomson.  He  is,  it  is  believed,  only  at  the  threshold  of  his  career 
as  a  public  man. 


EDWIN  BLAGDON  MORGAN. 

Prominent  among  the  business  men  of  Vancouver  is  Edwin  Blagdon  Morgan, 
who,  since  1891,  or  for  a  period  of  twenty-two  years,  has  been  closely  identified 
with  the  history  of  the  city  as  a  representative  of  its  business  interests  and  as  a 
factor  in  those  circles  looking  to  its  political,  social  and  moral  advancement. 
In  him  are  embraced  the  characteristics  of  an  undaunted  integrity,  unabating 
energy  and  industry  that  never  flags,  and  moreover  he  is  public-spirited  in  an 

inent  degree. 

Mr.  Morgan  was  born  in  Gloucestershire,  England,  April  5,  1860,  a  son  of 
homas  and  Jane  E.  (Blagdon)  Morgan.  The  father  was  extensively  engaged 
in  farming  in  Gloucestershire  and  in  1872  came  to  the  new  world,  first  establish- 
ing his  home  near  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  where  he  engaged  in  ranching  until  his 
death.  He  married  Jane  E.  Blagdon,  a  member  of  one  of  the  old  county  families 
of  England. 

Their  son,  Edwin  Blagdon  Morgan,  was  a  pupil  in  the  grammar  schools  of 
Monmouth,  England,  until  at  the  age  of  twelve  years  he  came  with  his  parents 
across  the  Atlantic.  He  was  thereafter  a  resident  of  the  United  States  for  a 
number  of  years.  He  continued  his  education  in  the  schools  of  Nebraska,  where 


436  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

he  continued  to  reside  and  manage  the  home  ranch  after  the  death  of  his  father 
until  1886.  In  that  year  he  removed  westward  to  Portland,  Oregon,  where  he 
became  chief  accountant  for  the  Dunway  Lumber  Company  and  eventually  pur- 
chased an  interest  in  the  business,  becoming  one  of  the  stockholders  and 
directors.  He  continued  to  make  his  home  in  Portland  until  1891,  which  year 
witnessed  his  arrival  in  Vancouver.  At  that  time  he  became  manager  of  the 
Vancouver  branch  of  the  British  Columbia  Land  &  Investment  Agency,  Ltd., 
of  London,  England.  This  company  conducted  a  very  extensive  mortgage  busi- 
ness and  Mr.  Morgan  continued  as  manager  until  1908,  when  he  entered  upon 
business  on  his  own  account,  organizing  the  firm  of  E.  B.  Morgan  &  Company, 
general  estate  and  investment  agents,  real  estate,  loans,  fire  insurance,  etc.  His 
previous  experience,  his  indefatigable  energy  and  his  laudable  ambition  com- 
bined to  win  success  for  the  new  undertaking.  They  soon  secured  an  extensive 
clientage  and  conducted  a  large  and  thriving  business  until  1910,  when  Mr. 
Morgan  organized  the  North  West  Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  into  which  was  merged 
the  business  of  E.  B.  Morgan  &  Company.  On  the  organization  of  the  North 
West  Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  Mr.  Morgan  became  the  president  and  chairman  of 
the  board,  and  so  continues  to  the  present  time.  The  authorized  capital  of  this 
company  is  one  million  dollars,  of  which  six  hundred  thousand  dollars  has  been 
subscribed.  The  company  has  conducted  a  splendid  business  since  its  organiza- 
tion and  its  first  annual  report  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  November  30,  1912, 
shows  assets  of  seven  hundred  and  fifty  thousand,  one  hundred  and  fifty-nine 
dollars,  while  the  profits  for  the  year  were  eighty-three  thousand,  one  hundred 
and  fifteen  dollars.  The  company  owns  its  own  building — a  magnifi- 
cent office  structure  of  eight  stories  on  Richards  street,  completed  in 
July,  1912.  Special  attention  is  given  to  the  investment  of  funds  for  clients. 
The  officers  and  directors  of  the  company  have  a  wide  acquaintance  in  the 
Northwest  and  a  thorough  knowledge  of  western  conditions  gained  by  long  and 
successful  experience  in  matters  of  finance.  Investments  are  made  with  abso- 
lute safety  and  excellent  results  for  company  and  clients  secured.  The  company 
also  undertakes  the  management  of  estates,  collections  and  rentals  and  handles 
all  lines  of  fire,  plate  glass,  fidelity,  indemnity  and  automobile  insurance,  repre- 
senting a  number  of  the  best  known  and  most  reliable  insurance  companies.  Their 
business  is  carefully  systematized  in  every  department  and  is  under  the  guidance 
of  most  capable  and  experienced  men — men  who  gain  from  the  faithful  perform- 
ance of  each  day's  duties  inspiration,  courage  and  capability  for  the  labors  of 
the  ensuing  day.  The  success  of  their  own  enterprise  shows  the  soundness  of 
their  judgment  an,d  the  North  West  Trust  Company  today  takes  rank  among 
the  strongest,  most  reliable  and  most  enterprising  financial  concerns  of  the 
Pacific  coast. 

Mr.  Morgan  has  many  other  financial  interests.  He  is  the  president  of  the 
North  West  Securities  Corporation,  Ltd.,  a  subsidiary  company  organized  to 
take  over  the  real-estate  business  of  the  North  West  Trust  Company,  Ltd.  He 
is  president  of  the  Vancouver  Ship  Yards,  Ltd.,  a  director  of  the  Glen  Valley 
Land  Company,  Ltd.,  the  Dominion  Construction  Company,  Ltd.,  the  Dominion 
Dock  &  Supply  Company,  Ltd.,  and  others,  and  also  personally  is  a  large  owner 
of  real  estate.  In  business  affairs  his  judgment  is  seldom,  if  ever,  at  fault  and 
his  keen  insight  enables  him  to  determine  with  almost  absolute  accuracy  the 
outcome  of  any  undertaking  from  the  beginning.  He  discriminates  readily 
between  the  essential  and  nonessential,  recognizes  opportunities  that  many  another 
would  pass  heedlessly  by,  and  in  all  of  his  dealings  is  known  for  his  prompt  and 
honorable  methods  which  have  won  him  the  deserved  confidence  of  his  fellow- 
men. 

His  activities,  however,  have  not  centered  entirely  in  his  own  interests  and  suc- 
cess, for  he  has  taken  active  part  in  matters  pertaining  to  the  growth  and  develop- 
ment of  Vancouver  and  British  Columbia,  supporting  those  plans  and 
projects  which  have  to  do  with  the  civic  welfare  and  with  the  substantial  im- 
provement and  adornment  of  the  city.  He  has  served  as  license  commissioner 
of  Vancouver  and  for  two  years  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the 
Vancouver  General  Hospital,  representing  the  provincial  government.  His  record 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  437 

both  as  a  business  man  and  citizen  is  most  commendable,  showing  .him  to  be  a 
man  of  broad  vision,  never  looking  at  any  vital  or  significant  problem  from  a 
narrow  or  contracted  standpoint. 

On  the  I4th  of  February,  1893,  Mr.  Morgan  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Fannie  E.  Tite,  of  Vancouver,  a  native  of  Towster,  Northamptonshire, 
England.  Their  children  are  Elsie  R.,  Doris  G.  and  Elizabeth  B. 

In  matters  relative  to  governmental  affairs,  Mr.  Morgan  is  a  conservative, 
interested  in  the  work  and  success  of  his  party,  and  a  member  of  the  British 
Columbia  Conservative  Association.  His  life  draws  its  inspiration  from  his 
Christian  faith  and  the  First  Baptist  church  of  Vancouver  numbers  him  among 
its  most  prominent  and  valued  members.  In  its  work  he  is  most  actively  and 
helpfully  interested  and  he  is  now  serving  on  the  board  of  managers  of  the 
church,  is  a  member  and  treasurer  of  the  building  fund  committee  and  in  1912 
was  president  of  the  provincial  convention  of  the  church.  In  fact,  all  branches 
of  the  church  work  elicit  his  attention  and  receive  his  cooperation  and  he  is 
one  of  those  men  who  never  make  the  claim  that  they  are  too  busy  to  attend  to 
their  moral  obligations.  On  the  contrary  the  former  would  be  sacrificed  rather 
than  the  latter,  and  yet  so  well  balanced  is  his  life  that  he  has  time  and  opportunity 
for  both.  No  one  ever  questions  his  honest  belief  in  the  course  that  he  is 
pursuing  and  in  reviewing  his  life  history  one  cannot  but  reach  the  conclusion 
that  it  is  the  enterprise  and  character  of  the  citizen  that  enrich  and  ennoble  the 
commonwealth. 


ALFRED  EDWARD  WHITE. 

Alfred  Edward  White,  a  leading  and  representative  citizen  of  New  West- 
minster, was  born  in  Nanaimo,  British  Columbia,  on  the  22d  of  April,  1863, 
and  is  a  representative  of  one  of  the  honored  pioneer  families  of  British  Colum- 
bia, being  a  son  of  Rev.  Edward  White,  whose  sketch  appears  on  another  page 
of  this  work. 

He  spent  his  youthful  days  under  the  parental  roof  and  acquired  his  educa- 
tion in  the  common  and  high  schools  of  Hamilton,  Ontario.     At  sixteen  years 
of  age  he  secured  a  position  with  Sanford  &  Company,  wholesale  clothiers  of 
Hamilton,  with  whom  he  continued  for  twelve  years,  his  long  connection  with 
the  house  indicating  unmistakably  how  faithful  and  efficient  he  was  in  the  dis- 
charge of  all  of  his  duties.    When  he  resigned  he  had  charge  of  the  manufacturing 
department  and  was  assistant  buyer  for  the  house,  having  worked  his  way  up- 
ward through  intermediate  positions  to  a  place  of  large  responsibility.     In  1891 
Mr.  White  came  to  New  Westminster  and  engaged  in  the  hardware  business 
or  a  time.     He  has  since  been  connected  with  financial  and  real-estate  interests 
nd  is  today  one  of  the  most  successful  in  this  field.     He  also  maintains  an 
insurance  department  and  each  phase  of  his  business  is  proving  profitable,  owing 
:o  his   thorough   understanding   thereof    and   his   unfaltering   and   progressive 
:fforts  to  develop  his  business.     His  name  is  not  only  known  in  this  connection 
>ut  also  along  various  other  lines  for  he  is  closely  associated  with  several  of 
e  most  important  industrial  enterprises  of  this  section  of  the  province,  in  all 
f  which  he  is  a  dominant  factor.     He  is  widely  recognized  as  a  man  of  sound 
business  judgment  and  unfaltering  enterprise  and  his  cooperation  is  therefore 
largely  sought. 

Aside  from  his  individual  interests  Mr.  White  has  been  connected  with 
any  movements  and  measures  for  the  general  good.  He  is  now  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  town  council  and  is  chairman  of  the  harbor  committee.  He  is 
likewise  a  member  of  the  Westminster  Club,  the  Vancouver  Yacht  Club,  the 
Tennis  Club  and  the  British  Columbia  Golf  Club  of  Westminster — associations 
which  indicate  something  of  the  nature  of  his  interests  and  activities. 


438  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

In  January,  1907,  Mr.  White  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Edith  H.  A. 
Fitzgerald,  a  daughter  of  F.  A.  Fitzgerald,  of  London,  Ontario,  and  theirs  is 
one  of  the  hospitable  homes  of  the  city,  its  good  cheer  being  enjoyed  by 
their  many  friends.  Mr.  White  is  resourceful  and  capable  and  therefore  ranks 
as  one  of  the  most  valued  and  honored  citizens  of  New  Westminster,  where  his 
labors  have  been  of  notable  worth  in  promoting  public  progress. 


HARRY  C.  BRIGGS. 

A  man  of  force,  experience  and  capacity,  of  wide  knowledge  and  sound  judg- 
ment, Harry  C.  Briggs  is  connected  today  with  one  of  the  largest  merchandising 
and  importing  concerns  in  Victoria  and  in  the  three  years  of  its  existence  has  been 
a  powerful  factor  in  its  success.  The  line  of  business  with  which  he  is  identified 
is  the  one  to  which  he  has  devoted  almost  his  entire  active  life,  learning  it  from 
the  bottom  up  and  making  practical  application  of  his  knowledge  in  the  conduct 
of  the  affairs  of  the  firm  of  Harvey  &  Briggs,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the 
founders.  He  is  a  native  son  of  the  city,  born  August  27,  1877,  n^s  parents 
being  Thomas  L.  and  Mary  I.  (Irving)  Briggs,  the  former  a  resident  of  New 
Westminster  and  a  pioneer  in  British  Columbia,  a  record  of  whom  appears  else- 
where in  this  work.  The  mother  is  a  sister  of  the  well  known  Captain  John 
Irving. 

When  Harry  C.  Briggs  was  about  two  years  of  age  his  parents  removed  to 
New  Westminster  and  he  there  attended  private  schools  and  later  the  old  St. 
Louis  College.  At  the  age  of  thirteen  years  he  was  sent  to  Portland,  Oregon, 
to  attend  the  Bishop  Scott  Academy,  enrolling  in  the  military  department,  which 
was  then  conducted  under  the  direction  of  the  United  States  government.  There 
he  remained  until  he  was  nineteen  years  of  age,  receiving  his  commission  as 
major,  which  would  entitle  him  to  a  captaincy  in  the  National  Guard  of  the 
United  States.  After  completing  the  course  in  Bishop  Scott  Academy  Mr. 
Briggs  returned  to  British  Columbia  and  secured  a  position  in  a  minor  capacity 
on  the  Fraser  river  steamers,  winning  promotion  to  the  rank  of  purser  and 
continuing  in  this  occupation  until  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  purchased 
the  line.  He  then  came  to  Victoria  and  obtained  employment  in  a  shipping  and 
importing  house  controlled  by  R.  P.  Rithet  &  Company.  He  entered  the 
service  of  the  firm  in  a  very  humble  capacity,  securing  the  position  of  office  boy. 
His  ability,  however,  was  soon  recognized  and  earned  him  promotion  to  the 
position  of  customs  broker,  then  bookkeeper,  then  traveling  salesman  and  finally 
manager  and  buyer  for  the  liquor  department.  This  responsible  office  was  in 
itself  a  proof  of  his  ability  and  his  business  enterprise  and  his  promotion  to  it 
in  connection  with  a  business  house  of  the  character  and  standing  of  that  con- 
trolled by  R.  P.  Rithet  &  Company  was  without  question  the  best  recommenda- 
tion which  he  could  have  received.  Owing  to  his  gradual  rise  through  the 
various  departments  of  the  concern  he  mastered  thoroughly  all  the  branches 
of  the  business,  learning  trade  and  market  conditions,  the  details  of  buying  and 
selling  and  also  the  administrative  and  organizing  phases,  gaining  a  comprehen- 
sive training  in  this  line  of  work  which  was  a  most  important  factor  in  the  de- 
velopment of  the  business  controlled  by  R.  P.  Rithet  &  Company  and  later  in 
the  splendid  success  of  Harvey  &  Briggs.  This  latter  concern  was  organized 
April  i,  1910,  Mr.  Briggs  resigning  his  position  with  his  former  employers  in  order 
to  join  Alfred  Harvey.  They  met  with  immediate  success  and  their  business 
has  had  a  most  phenomenal  growth  due  entirely  to  the  enterprising  and  able 
work  of  the  partners,  both  of  whom  are  resourceful,  far-sighted  and  progressive 
business  men.  When  the  firm  was  organized  Mr.  Briggs  and  Mr.  Harvey  consti- 
tuted the  entire  office  and  sales  force  and  now,  three  years  later,  they  employ 
eleven  salesmen  and  have  extended  their  business  territory  beyond  British  Colum- 
bia into  Oregon,  Washington,  California  and  the  Yukon.  They  are  direct  im- 


HAERY  C.  BRIGGS 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  441 

porters,  buying  from  the  manufacturers  of  Europe,  Canada  and  the  United 
States,  and  they  control  an  immense  trade,  each  month  showing  an  increase  of 
from  twenty-five  to  forty  per  cent  over  that  month's  business  of  the  preceding 
year.  They  have  more  than  kept  pace  with  the  development  of  the  province 
and  the  remarkable  growth  of  the  concern  has  come  as  a  direct  result  of  the 
excellent  grade  of  goods  in  which  they  deal  and  of  the  reputation  which  they  have 
achieved  for  maintaining  always  the  highest  business  standards.  Their  plant 
is  one  of  the  largest  in  Victoria,  covering  a  large  floor  space,  and  it  is  equipped 
to  handle  with  facility  the  very  largest  orders.  The  storage  warehouses  are 
large  substantial  structures  ideally  fitted  for  their  purpose  and  the  entire  con- 
cern is  modern  in  equipment  and  a  valuable  addition  to  the  city's  fine  business 
houses.  Both  members  of  the  firm  of  Harvey  &  Briggs  devote  their  entire  time 
and  attention  to  the  business  and  the  result  of  their  hard  work,  their  perseverance 
and  enterprising  spirit  is  evident  in  the  great  growth  which  the  concern  has  made 
during  the  three  years  of  its  existence.  Mr.  Briggs  combines  with  a  thorough 
and  comprehensive  knowledge  of  the  details  of  his  work  an  excellent  organizing 
and  administrative  ability  and  a  compelling  personality,  qualities  which  he  has 
used  to  build  up  and  develop  the  enterprise  with  which  he  is  connected  and  to 
make  it  what  it  is  today — one  of  the  important  commercial  factors  in  Victoria. 
In  September,  1904,  Mr.  Briggs  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Jeanne 
McAlpine,  a  native  of  Baltimore,  Maryland,  and  of  Scotch  parentage,  who  was 
brought  to  British  Columbia  as  an  infant.  Mr.  Briggs  is  a  member  of  the  Pres- 
byterian church  and  he  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party.  He 
is  fond  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports  and  was  a  member  of  the  famous  "Big 
Four"  rowing  squad  of  the  James  Bay  Athletic  Association  of  Victoria,  which 
in  1902  won  both  the  junior  and  senior  events  of  the  international  championship 
meet  of  the  Pacific  coast,  held  at  Nelson,  British  Columbia,  this  feat  marking  a 
notable  event  in  rowing  circles.  Mr.  Briggs  holds  membership  in  the  James 
Bay  Athletic  Association,  in  the  Pacific  and  Camosun  Clubs  of  Victoria,  and  is 
connected  fraternally  with  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia  and  Quadra 
Lodge,  No.  2,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  belongs  to  the  Victoria  Board  of  Trade  and 
is  interested  in  municipal  advancement  along  business  lines,  cooperating  heartily 
in  all  movements  to  promote  financial,  industrial  or  commercial  growth.  He  is 
a  man  of  wide  experience,  of  practical  judgment  and  keen  business  discrimina- 
tion and  as  a  partner  in  the  conduct  of  one  of  the  largest  commercial  houses  in 
the  city  has  found  an  excellent  field  for  the  development  of  his  talents  and 
abilities — a  field  in  which  he  has  won  distinction  for  himself  and  made  substan- 
tial contributions  to  the  general  development. 


CECIL  KILLAM,  M.  A.,  D.  C.  L.,  LL.  M. 

Cecil  Killam,  actively  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  for  thirteen  years,  is 
now  located  in  Vancouver,  in  which  city  he  arrived  in  1900.  He  also  has  im- 
portant business  interests,  being  connected  with  various  corporations,  and  in 
all  these  connections  is  recognized  as  a  man  of  sound  judgment  and  keen 
discrimination.  He  was  born  in  Yarmouth,  Nova  Scotia,  February  6,  1877,  a 
son  of  Frank  and  Ellen  (Hood)  Killam,  representatives  of  an  old  and  well 
known  family  of  prominent  United  Empire  Loyalists.  The  father,  now  de- 
ceased, was  a  member  of  parliament  and  also  an  F.  R.  G.  S. 

Cecil  Killam  began  his  education  as  a  public-school  student  and  later  en- 
joyed advanced  opportunities  along  educational  lines.  He  was  graduated  from 
Mount  Allison  University  in  1897  with  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts  and  in 
1898  with  the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts.  His  law  course  was  pursued  in  Dal- 
housie  University  at  Halifax  until  he  completed  his  course  there  with  the  LL.  B. 
degree  in  1899,  after  which  he  entered  Columbia  University  at  Washington, 
D.  C.,  where  in  1900  he  won  the  degrees  of  D.  C.  L.  and  LL.  M.  He  was 


442  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

admitted  to  the  bar  of  Nova  Scotia  in  1900  and  the  same  year  came  to  Van- 
couver, thinking  to  find  broader  business  opportunities  in  the  west.  The  same 
year  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  this  province  and  practiced  law  in  Vancouver 
through  1901.  From  1902  until  1904  he  was  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Martin 
&  Killam  and  in  the  latter  year  became  senior  partner  in  the  firm  of  Killam  & 
Farris.  In  1908  they  were  joined  by  G.  D.  Macdonell  and  the  partnership 
continued  as  Macdonell,  Killam  &  Farris  until  1911,  when  the  partnership 
was  discontinued  and  Mr.  Killam  joined  James  E.  Beck  under  the  firm  style 
of  Killam  &  Beck.  Their  practice  is  general  and  has  connected  them  with  much 
important  litigation  brought  in  the  courts  of  this  province.  Mr.  Killam  is 
always  found  well  prepared  when  he  enters  the  courtroom.  His  knowledge  of 
the  law  is  comprehensive  and  exact  and  he  is  seldom  if  ever  at  fault  in  the 
application  of  a  legal  principle.  Aside  from  his  large  clientage  here  he  is  acting 
as  attorney  for  at  least  half  a  dozen  foreign  companies,  and  he  is  a  director  in 
a  large  number  of  companies  and  business  corporations,  all  of  which  profit  by  his 
sound  judgment,  his  keen  insight  and  his  enterprise.  He  is  a  director  of  the 
British  Columbia  Mining  &  Development  Company,  of  the  Lamberg  Mines,  Ltd., 
of  the  Dominion  Hospital  and  both  a  director  and  vice  president  of  the  Pythian 
Hall  Company. 

On  the  3d  of  June,  1908,  at  St.  Stephen,  New  Brunswick,  Mr.  Killam  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Edith  Deinstadt,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  W.  McKay  and 
Eliza  Deinstadt,  representatives  of  one  of  the  old  United  Empire  Loyalist  fami- 
lies. Mr.  and  Mrs.  Killam  have  one  child,  Elizabeth. 

In  politics  he  is  a  liberal  but  not  an  active  party  worker.  He  is  now  a  mem- 
ber of  the  First  Executive  of  the  University  of  British  Columbia,  and  he  is 
not  unknown  in  fraternal  and  club  circles,  holding  membership  with  the  Knights 
of  Pythias,  the  University  and  the  Progress  Clubs.  He  is  much  interested  in 
the  moral  development  of  the  community  and  holds  membership  in  the  Methodist 
church  and  the  Young  .Men's  Christian  Association,  cooperating  heartily  in  the 
various  projects  that  seek  the  welfare  and  betterment  of  the  individual.  His 
ideals  of  life  are  high  and  he  loses  no  opportunity  to  raise  himself  to  their  level. 


JAMES  DOIG. 

No  name  is  more  intimately  connected  with  the  railroad  history  of  Van- 
couver, which  is  in  fact  the  history  of  the  city's  growth,  than  that  of  James 
Doig,  conductor  on  the  first  Canadian  Pacific  train  to  pull  into  the  city  and 
today  the  oldest  living  conductor  on  the  entire  system.  Since  pioneer  times  he 
has  lived  in  Vancouver,  watching  the  city's  development  from  a  mere  hamlet 
into  a  great  trans-continental  terminal,  and  the  years  have  brought  him  wide- 
spread respect  and  esteem  among  his  fellow  citizens  and  a  place  in  the  front 
ranks  of  the  city's  honored  pioneers.  For  the  last  six  years  he  has  been  cus- 
tomhouse officer  in  Vancouver  and  in  this  position  has  discharged  his  duties 
with  the  same  energy  and  conscientiousness  which  have  distinguished  the  activ- 
ities of  his  entire  career. 

Mr.  Doig  was  born  on  the  6th  of  February,  1854,  at  Cupar,  Angus  county, 
Scotland,  and  is  a  son  of  William  and  Amelia  Doig  who  came  to  America  shortly 
after  the  birth  of  their  son,  settling  in  Mitchell,  Ontario,  where  the  father 
worked  at  railroading.  When  he  arrived  in  Canada  he  had  a  contract  on  con- 
struction work  on  the  first  railroad  that  was  built  at  Mitchell,  and  he  continued 
active  in  this  line  of  occupation  until  his  death.  His  wife  has  also  passed  away. 
James  Doig  was  still  an  infant  when  his  parents  settled  in  Mitchell  and  in  the 
public  schools  of  that  city  he  acquired  his  education.  After  laying  aside  his 
books  he  worked  in  the  sawmills  in  the  vicinity  and  handled  freight  until  he 
was  about  seventeen  years  of  age,  when  he  began  his  railroad  career,  becom- 


JAMES  DOIG 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  445 

ing  a  brakeman  on  the  Grand  Trunk  Railroad.  This  position  he  held  until  he 
went  west  and  settled  in  Fort  Garry,  now  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  in  the  year  1875. 
After  his  arrival  he  worked  at  sawmilling  for  some  time  and  afterward  en- 
gaged in  surveying  and  also  in  butchering.  Eventually,  however,  he  again  turned 
his  attention  to  railroading,  becoming  connected  with  the  Canadian  Pacific,  in 
whose  interests  he  worked  for  many  years  thereafter,  becoming  one  of  the 
most  reliable  and  trusted  employes  of  that  corporation.  In  1887  he  aided  in 
bringing  the  first  train  into  the  city  of  Vancouver,  an  epoch-making  event  in 
the  history  of  railroading  in  Canada,  which  is  vividly  described  by  a  pioneer 
of  1888  in  an  edition  of  a  Vancouver  paper  of  recent  date: 

"The  real  pioneers  in  the  railroading  line  were  C.  P.  R.  engine  No.  132, 
caboose  No.  176  and  several  boarding  cars,  which  comprised  the  first  real  roll- 
ing stock  that  had  ever  been  seen  in  Vancouver  up  to  that  date.  While  the 
arrival  of  the  first  through  train  from  the  Atlantic  was  duly  marked  by  a 
great  celebration  away  back  on  Queen  Victoria's  birthday,  in  1887,  yet  there 
was  real  rejoicing  and  a  celebration,  impromptu  but  none  the  less  enthusiastic, 
when  this  first  engine  and  caboose  arrived  at  the  rail  end  at  Vancouver. 

"In  charge  of  that  epoch-making  train  that  arrived  even  ah^ad  of  the  train 
despatches,  or  before  train  schedules  were  made  out,  was  'Big  Bill,'  now  more 
decorously  referred  to  as  Mr.  William  Armstrong,  of  the  well  known  local 
contracting  firm  of  Armstrong  &  Morrison.  His  title  in  those  early  days  was 
'master  of  transportation.'  He  had  charge  of  track  laying  and  the  comple- 
tion of  that  portion  of  the  line  between  Port  Moody,  which  had  been  used 
as  a  temporary  terminus,  and  Vancouver,  which  had  some  time  previously  been 
decided  on  as  the  actual  terminus. 

"Sharing  honors  with  the  other  pioneer  railway  men  on  that  occasion  was 
James  Doig,  who  was  the  conductor  of  the  pioneer  train  and  bossed  things  from 
his  palatial  caboose,  which  for  several  days  after  was  looked  on  by  the  early- 
day  residents  with  all  the  veneration  that  the  small  boy  of  the  present  day  has 
for  a  luxurious  Pullman.  Mr.  Doig,  who  resides  at  No.  227  Third  street, 
North  Vancouver,  has  the  distinction  of  being  the  oldest  living  conductor  on 
the  entire  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  system.  Besides  being  the  oldest  living 
knight  of  the  punch  and  bell  rope  on  this  great  system  Mr.  Doig  also  has  the 
distinction  of  being  conductor  of  the  first  train  ever  landed  on  the  eastern  side 
of  the  Red  river,  Winnipeg.  The  engine  and  cars  of  that  train  were  brought 
down  the  river  on  scows  from  Moorhead,  where  they  were  brought  over  the 
Old  Northern  Pacific  branch  from  Brainerd.  The  engine  of  this  train  was 
named  the  'Countess  of  Dufferin'  and  is  kept  by  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad 
as  an  interesting  souvenir  on  exhibition  in  a  glass  house  in  the  Winnipeg 
yards,  where  the  machine  forms  a  valuable  object  lesson  of  the  advance  in 
rolling  stock  used  at  the  present  time.  When  Mr.  Doig  took  out  that  first 
train  eastbound  from  Winnipeg  the  bridge  across  the  Red  river  had  not  been 
completed  and  track  laying  was  still  in  progress  eastward  in  the  direction  of 
the  north  shore  of  Lake  Superior. 

"The  Vancouver  of  February,  1887,  was  vastly  different  from  the  well 
paved,  tungsten-illuminated,  skyscraper  sprinkled  business  section  that  exists 
on  the  spot  today.  The  entire  community  then,  with  the  exception  of  a  little 
settlement  around  the  Hastings  mill,  occupied  Water  street,  that  portion  of 
Cordova  street  between  Cambie  and  Columbia  avenue,  with  a  few  isolated  shacks 
and  one  lone  jiotel  on  Hastings  street.  This  hotel  was  kept  by  an  eccentric 
pioneer  Irishman,  named  Pat  Carey,  of  whom  the  surviving  early-day  residents 
still  tell  interesting  tales  of  his  eccentricities.  The  Carter  House,  still  stand- 
ing on  Water  street,  was  just  finished  then  and  had  the  distinction  of  being  the 
first  three-story  structure  of  the  city,  then  in  the  swaddling  clothes  stage.  A 
portion  of  the  center  of  the  streets  were  rough  planked  to  keep  the  teams 
from  sinking  too  deep  in  the  soft  earth  during  the  rainy  season.  All  the  rest 
of  the  now  densely  populated  area  of  the  business  section  of  the  city  was 
Dimply  a  jungle  of  heavy  timber  and  dense  undergrowth." 


446  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

Mr.  Doig  has  seen  Vancouver  develop  since  that  time  into  one  of  the  great- 
est cities  of  the  northwest  and  he  is  honored  here  as  one  of  the  men  whose  efforts 
aided  greatly  in  making  that  transformation  possible.  At  present  he  is  connected 
with  the  customs  office  at  Vancouver  and  has  been  six  years  in  this  service,  his 
ability,  energy  and  well  directed  labors  making  him  a  valued  and  representa- 
tive public  official. 

On  the  6th  of  June,  1879,  Mr.  Doig  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Ella 
Rollinson,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Sarah  Rollinson,  the  former  a  prominent 
railroad  contractor.  They  are  the  parents  of  one  daughter,  Gertrude  T.,  now- 
Mrs.  Carl  McGregor,  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Doig  is  a  devout  member  of  the 
Presbyterian  church  and  he  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  liberal  party. 
He  is  an  enthusiastic  hunter  and  fisherman,  giving  a  great  many  of  his  leisure 
hours  to  these  recreations.  Fraternally  he  is  connected  with  Cascade  Lodge, 
No.  12,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.;  Drill  Chapter,  No.  98,  R.  A.  M. ;  and  Preceptory  No. 
34,  K.  T.  He  is  one  of  the  best  known  men  in  Vancouver  today,  taking. his 
place  with  the  pioneers  of  1887.  When  he  brought  the  first  tiain  into  the  city 
it  was  comprised  mainly  of  stumps  and  possibilities  and  he  has  lived  to  see 
arise  there  a  great  and  prosperous  trans-continental  terminal. 


ROBERT  WILLIAM  CLARK. 

Robert  William  Clark,  real-estate,  insurance  and  investment  broker  of  Vic- 
toria and  also  connected  with  various  corporations  which  have  to  do  with  the 
material  development  and  prosperity  of  the  city  and  island,  was  born  May  14, 
1863,  at  Sidcot,  Somersetshire,  England,  and  comes  of  English  ancestry.  His 
parents  were  Robert  and  Mary  Anna  (Tanner)  Clark,  the  former  a  native  of 
Cheddar,  England,  and  the  latter  of  Sidcot,  Somersetshire.  The  former  died 
in  Sidcot  in  1877,  and  the  mother  is  still  living  there.  The  paternal  grandfather 
of  Robert  W.  Clark  was  a  cheese  merchant  and  the  originator  of  the  famous 
Cheddar  cheese  business  exporting  extensively  to  Australia  and  elsewhere.  He 
originally  conducted  the  business  under  the  name  of  William  Clark  but  in  1855, 
when  joined  in  the  undertaking  by  his  son,  Robert  Clark,  the  firm  style  of 
William  Clark  &  Son  was  assumed.  Under  that  name  the  business  was  con- 
ducted until  1893,  when  was  effected  a  consolidation  with  G.  E.  Spear  &  Brothers, 
since  which  time  the  firm  has  been  known  as  Spear  Brothers  &  Clark. 

Robert  W.  Clark  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  Friends  school  at  Sidcot, 
England,  where  he  remained  to  the  age  of  fourteen  years.  He  then  entered  a  pri- 
vate school  at  Southport,  Lancashire,  England,  in  which  he  spent  three  years,  and 
when  seventeen  years  of  age  he  became  connected  with  the  firm'of  William  Clark 
&  Son,  remaining  with  that  house  until  1891,  at  which  time  he  came  to  Canada. 
He  settled  in  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  having  heard  while  in  England  of 
the  many  opportunities  offered  in  Canada  to  a  young  man  with  ambition,  energy 
and  initiative  spirit.  He  secured  employment  as  a  traveling  salesman  with  Major 
&  Eldridge,  wholesale  produce  merchants  located  on  Water  street,  and  acted  in 
that  capacity  until  1894,  in  which  year  he  accepted  a  position  with  W.  H.  Mai- 
kin  &  Company,  wholesale  grocers  of  Vancouver.  In  1901  he  left  that  firm 
and  came  to  Victoria,  where  he  formed  a  partnership  with  William  C.  Bond 
for  the  conduct  of  a  general  real-estate  business  under  the  firm  style  of  Bond 
&  Clark.  Their  offices  were  located  on  Trounce  alley  and  in  addition  to  handling 
real  estate  they  promoted  several  important  commercial  and  industrial  enterprises, 
including  the  Nootka  Marble  Quarries  at  Nootka,  British  Columbia,  the 
Silica  Brick  &  Lime  Company  at  Parsons  Bridge,  British  Columbia,  and 
The  Bakeries,  Limited,  of  Victoria.  By  1909  the  firm's  business  had  increased 
to  such  an  extent  that  additional  space  was  required  and  they  removed  to  the 
Mahon  building  on  Government  street,  where  adequate  quarters  were  secured. 
In  1910  the  partnership  was  dissolved,  Mr.  Clark  continuing  the  business  under 


ROBERT  W.  CLARK 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  449 

the  name  of  Robert  W.  Clark.  He  specializes  in  the  marketing  of  large  tracts 
of  farm  lands  in  British  Columbia  as  well  as  inside  business  property  in  the 
city  of  Victoria,  having  negotiated  many  of  the  large  sales  of  business  properties 
in  this  city.  In  1912  he  negotiated  the  sale  of  twelve  thousand,  one  hundred 
and  sixty  acres  in  the  Cariboo  country  to  buyers  resident  in  Burlington,  Ontario, 
twelve  thousand  eight  hundred  acres  in  Naas  valley  to  buyers  in  London,  Ontario, 
and  fifty  thousand  acres  on  Babine  lake  to  Spokane  people.  All  the  above 
acreage  is  desirable  agricultural  land,  sparsely  covered  with  timber  and  easily 
cleared.  The  unexcelled  opportunities  existing  in  the  province,  combined  with  a 
perception  that  has  enabled  him  to  readily  recognize  and  grasp  the  advantages 
offered,  have  been  the  contributing  elements  to  his  success. 

On  the  26th  of  December,  1887,  at  Portadown,  County  Armagh,  Ireland,  Mr. 
Clark  was  married  to  Miss  Alice  M.  Robb,  a  daughter  of  Hamilton  Robb,  a 
linen  manufacturer  of  that  place,  now  deceased.  Mrs.  Clark  was  one  of  twelve 
children,  of  whom  seven  are  yet  living.  By  her  marriage  she  became  the  mother 
of  two  sons  but  both  have  passed  a*way.  Robert  Hamilton  Bright,  born  March 
27,  1889,  died  July  22,  1893.  Arthur  Tanner,  born  December  26,  1890,  died  on  the 
26th  of  April,  1892.  Mr.  Clark  resides  at  No.  1224  Richardson  street.  In  poli- 
tics he  is  a  liberal,  taking  a  keen  but  not  active  interest  in  the  political  welfare 
of  the  province.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends  and  during  1903 
he  was  president  of  the  Victoria  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  and  was 
one  of  its  directors  from  1904  until  1910.  He  also  acted  as  chairman  of  the 
boys'  department  from  1907  until  1910.  He  is  an  ardent  advocate  of  extend- 
ing to  the  Hindus  the  rights  and  privileges  of  British  subjects.  He  is  likewise 
deeply  interested  in  the  cause  of  the  workingman,  suggesting  municipal  lodging 
houses,  public  reading  rooms  and  other  beneficial  measures  which  shall  add  to 
his  welfare  and  to  his  betterment.  In  a  word,  Mr.  Clark  has  been  deeply  inter- 
ested in  many  questions  relative  to  the  political,  economic  and  sociological  con- 
ditions of  this  and  other  lands  and  he  furthers  and  supports  any  measure  which 
he  deems  beneficial  to  the  upbuilding  of  the  country  and  the  betterment  of 
the  race. 


JOHN  LEE  BOWEN. 

A  man  who  owes  his  present  success  in  business  to  the  spirit  of  enterprise 
and  progress  which  actuates  him  in  all  that  he  does  and  to  his  sound  and  prac- 
tical business  judgment  and  discrimination  is  John  Lee  Bowen,  prominently 
connected  with  real-estate  and  insurance  interests  of  Vancouver  as  a  member 
of  the  firm  of  Watson  &  Bowen.  He  was  born  in  Front  Royal,  Virginia, 
November  5,  1859,  and  is  a  son  °f  Lorenzo  Dow  and  Fannie  Elizabeth  Bowen, 
both  representatives  of  Virginia  families  of  English  origin,  the  ancestors  on 
the  maternal  side  having  been  related  to  George  Washington. 

The  public  schools  of  his  native  state  afforded  John  L.  Bowen  his  early  edu- 
itional  opportunities,  after  which  he  attended  the  Bryant  &  Stratton  College 
Baltimore,  Maryland,  taking  a  special  two  years'  commercial  course.     After 
its  completion,  in  1880,  he  went  to  Fort  Benton,  Montana,  and  there  entered 
ic  employ  of  I.  G.  Baker  &  Company,  well  known  contractors  of  that  city, 
nth   whom  he  remained   for  twelve  years,  gaining  a  great  deal   of  valuable 
business  experience  and  becoming  very  proficient  in  the  line  of  work  to  which 
le  had  turned  his  attention.     In  their  interests  he  went  in   1882  to  Calgary, 
ilberta,  in  order  to  establish  there  a  branch  house  and  for  ten  years  he  con- 
rolled  one  of  the  most  important  contracting  concerns  in  that  section,  becoming 
ridely  known  as  a  resourceful  and  able  business  man.     At  the  end  of  that 
time  he   severed   his  connection  with   I.   G.    Baker  &   Company  and   went  to 
Everett,  Washington,  where  he  remained  for  six  years,  engaging  in  various 
lines  of  trade.     He  first  came  to  Vancouver  in  1905  but  after  a  few  months  in 


450 

this  city  went  to  Dawson  in  the  Yukon  territory,  where  for  the  next  three  years 
he  turned  his  attention  to  mining  and  mercantile  pursuits.  Returning  to  Van- 
couver he  formed  a  partnership  with  E.  Watson  and  established  his  present 
connection  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Watson  &  Bowen,  dealers  in  real  estate, 
loans  and  insurance.  They  are  now  in  control  of  an  important  and  growing  busi- 
ness along  all  of  these  lines  and  the  company  is  recognized  as  a  prominent  factor 
in  business  circles  of  the  city.  It  .has  attained  a  high  standard  of  efficiency  and 
a  great  deal  of  its  success  is  due  to  Mr.  Bowen's  energy  and  executive  ability. 
He  is  known  in  business  circles  as  a  far-sighted,  reliable  and  discriminating 
business  man  and  his  name  in  connection  with  any  project  is  a  guarantee  of 
good  faith  and  honorable  dealings. 

On  the  2Oth  of  December,  1884,  in  Calgary,  Alberta,  Mr.  Bowen  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Winnifred  Thompson,  a  daughter  of  John  Thompson,  who 
was  born  and  reared  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  who  was  for  forty  years  a 
bookbinder  in  the  city  of  Quebec.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bowen  have  five  children, 
Frank  Lee,  John  Conrad,  Winnifred  Virginia,  Olive  C.  and  Chester  Stanfield. 

Mr.  Bowen  is  a  member  of  the  Burrard  Club  and  fraternally  is  connected 
with  the  Everett  lodge  of  Masons,  the  Calgary  lodge  of  Odd  Fellows,  the 
National  Union,  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  and  the  Order  of  the  Eastern 
Star.  He  was  in  1885  sergeant  of  the  Calgary  Home  Guards,  serving  at  the  time 
of  the  Riel  rebellion.  He  belongs  to  Christ's  church  and  in  his  political  views  is 
a  stanch  conservative,  taking  an  active  interest  in  public  affairs  and  giving  his 
hearty  and  active  cooperation  to  any  cause  that  seeks  to  promote  the  interests 
of  the  community.  His  career  has  been  marked  by  steadily  increasing  and  well 
deserved  success  in  business  and  he  today  occupies  a  prominent  position  among 
Vancouver's  representative  and  valued  citizens. 


ANDREW  MILLER  HARPER. 

Andrew  Miller  Harper,  member  of  the  British  Columbia  bar,  engaged  in 
general  law  practice  at  Vancouver  as  junior  partner  in  the  firm  of  McCrossan 
&  Harper,  was  born  at  Madoc,  Ontario,  on  the  ist  of  July,  1877,  a  son  of  John 
and  Ellen  Harper.  His  father  was  an  officer  in  the  British  army  and  saw 
service  .in  India  during  the  mutiny  and  later  in  Persia.  He  was  awarded  two 
medals,  both  in  recognition  of  his  valiant  and  loyal  service  in  each  country. 

Andrew  M.  Harper  attended  the  high  school  in  his  native  city  and  afterward 
entered  Queen's  University  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  from  which  he  was  graduated 
in  1900  with  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts.  With  the  completion  of  his  class- 
ical course  and  his  entrance  into  business  life  he  determined  to  come  to  the 
west,  arriving  in  Vancouver  in  1902.  A  mental  review  of  the  broad  field  of 
business  led  him  to  the  conclusion  to  make  the  practice  of  law  his  life  work  and 
with  that  end  in  view  he  studied  in  the  office  and  under  the  direction  of  Joseph 
Martin  from  1903  until  1906.  In  the  latter  year  he  was  called  to  the  British 
Columbia  bar  and  at  once  began  practice  in  partnership  with  George  E.  McCrossan 
under  the  style  of  McCrossan  &  Harper.  This  firm  has  since  maintained  its 
existence  and  now  occupies  a  creditable  place  at  the  Vancouver  bar  in  the  general 
practice  of  law.  Mr.  Harper  is  an  able  barrister  whose  knowledge  of  the  prin- 
ciples of  jurisprudence  is  comprehensive  and  exact,  while  in  the  application  of 
a  legal  point  he  is  seldom  at  error.  His  clientage  has  steadily  grown  with  the 
passing  years  and  is"  now  extensive  and  of  an  important  character.  Mr.  Harper 
is  also  associate  editor  with  his  partner,  Mr.'  McCrossan,  of  a  Digest  of  Canadian 
Criminal  Case  Law. 

On  the  25th  of  July,  1909,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Harper  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Ellen  Coles,  a  daughter  of  George  *W.  and  Catherine  Coles,  the 
former  an  accountant  of  Vancouver.  Of  this  union  have  been  born  two  chil- 
dren, Josephine  and  Andre.  The  religious  faith  of  the  family  is  that  of  the  Pres- 


ANDREW  M.  HARPER 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  453 

byterian  church  and  Mr.  Harper  holds  membership  in  the  University  Club.  In 
politics  he  is  a  conservative  but  without  ambition  for  holding  office.  He  is,  how- 
ever, a  member  of  the  royal  commission  on  labor,  having  been  appointed  in 
December,  1912.  This  commission  is  for  the  purpose  of  investigating  and  report- 
ing upon  the  labor  conditions  in  British  Columbia  and  is  doing  excellent  work 
in  that  connection.  Mr.  Harper  is  further  interested  in  all  matters  relative  to 
the  public  welfare  and  has  been  a  student  of  the  signs  of  the  times  regarding 
political,  sociological  and  economic  conditions. 


HENRY  WESTMAN  CONROY  BOAK,  LL.  B. 

Henry  Westman  Conroy  Boak  has  since  1889  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
in  Vancouver,  specializing  in  commercial,  corporation  and  real  property  law. 
His  understanding  of  the  principles  of  jurisprudence  is  comprehensive  and  exact, 
and  in  his  application  of  a  point  of  law  is  seldom,  if  ever,  at  fault.  These  quali- 
ties have  gained  him  a  liberal  clientage  and  he  now  ranks  among  the  successful 
representatives  of  the  profession  in  his  adopted  city. 

Mr.  Boak  was  born  in  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  March  20,  1852,  his  parents 
being  Edward  and  Anna  Boak.  The  father  was  engaged  in  contracting  and 
building  in  Halifax  for  a  number  of  years  and  afterward  joined  the  Inter- 
Colonial  Railway  service  some  time  subsequent  to  the  Confederation.  He  was 
also  captain  in  the  Halifax  garrison  artillery  for  a  number  of  years. 

Spending  his  youthful  days  in  his  parents'  home,  Mr.  Boak  was  accorded 
liberal  educational  opportunities,  pursuing  a  course  of  study  in  St.  John's 
Academy  at  Halifax  and  afterward  graduating  from  Dalhousie  College  in  1885 
with  the  degree  of  LL.  B.  He  won  the  prize  for  the  best  examination  in  in- 
surance law.  In  1878  he  was  called  to  the  Nova  Scotia  bar,  having  passed  his 
examination  in  the  same  class  as  Premier  Borden,  Sir  Charles  Tupper,  Arthur 
Dickie,  late  minister  of  justice  in  Canada,  and  other  notables.  After  leaving 
college  he  entered  upon  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  his  native  city  in  con- 
nection with  J.  J.  Ritchie,  who  is  now  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Nova 
Scotia.  They  continued  in  practice  under  the  firm  name  of  Boak  &  Ritchie 
for  some  time,  after  which  Judge  Ritchie  removed  to  Annapolis,  Nova  Scotia. 
In  1899  Mr.  Boak  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  began  practice  alone.  He  has 
never  had  a  partner  throughout  the  period  of  his  residence  here,  and  individual 
merit  and  ability  have  placed  him  in  his  present  enviable  position  as  a  representa- 
tive of  the  Vancouver  bar. 

On  the  27th  of  April,  1882,  in  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  Mr.  Boak  was  mar- 
ried to  Miss  Elizabeth  Ballantyne  Reid,  a  daughter  of  Henry  Ballantyne  and 
Mary  Reid,  the  former  for  many  years  an  official  of  the  local  government  of 
Nova  Scotia.  There  are  three  sons  of  this  marriage:  Captain  Henry  Eversley 
Boak,  of  the  Royal  Canadian  Horse  Artillery;  Arthur  E.  R.  Boak,  M.  A.,  of 
Queen's  University  and  Harvard  University,  now  traveling  under  a  fellowship 
from  Harvard;  and  Dr.  Eric  W.  Boak,  a  practicing  physician  of  Vancouver. 

A  Presbyterian  in  religious  faith,  Mr.  Boak  has  been  elder  in  St.  John's 
Presbyterian  church  of  Vancouver  since  its  organization  and  clerk  of  the 
session.  Outside  of  professional  work  Mr.  Boak's  interests  have  been  in  edu- 
cational and  philanthropic  work.  He  has  been  for  many  years  a  director  of  the 
Children's  Aid  Society  of  Vancouver  and  acts  as  its  counsel.  He  took  an  active 
part  in  the  organization  of  the  Juvenile  Hospital  of  Vancouver  and  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  St.  John's  Presbyterian  church. 

In  politics  he  is  a  liberal-conservative  and  was  for  many  years  secretary  of 
the  Liberal-Conservative  Association  of  Halifax  county.  He  belongs  to  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  to  the  Alumni  Association  of  Dalhousie 
University,  of  which  he  was  vice  president.  He  has  also  been  president  of  the 
Vancouver  Branch  Archaeological  Society  of  Canada — an  affiliation  which  in- 


454  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

dicates  something  of  the  nature  of  the  trend  of  his  thought  and  interests  out- 
side of  his  profession.  He  greatly  enjoys  scientific  research  and  is  usually  to  be 
found  in  those  gatherings  where  intelligent  men  are  met  in  the  discussion  of 
vital  and  important  themes. 


LEWIS  HALL,  D.  D.  S. 

The  mind  of  a  scientist  and  an  investigator  combined  with  professional  ability 
of  a  high  order  has  made  Dr.  Lewis  Hall  one  of  the  representative  and  successful 
dentists  of  Victoria;  sound  judgment,  deep  insight  and  executive  and  organizing 
ability  have  made  him  a  progressive  and  prosperous  business  man;  and  a  public 
spirit  which  counts  nothing  unimportant  which  has  to  do  with  civic  advancement, 
growth  or  reform  places  him  among  the  men  of  the  city  who  are  potent  factors 
in  its  upbuilding.  Thus  it  may  be  seen  that  along  many  lines  he  has  been  a  force 
for  good  in  Victoria  during  the  twenty-eight  years  he  has  resided  here  and  he  is 
numbered  not  only  among  the  pioneer  dentists  but  among  the  pioneers  and  lead- 
ers in  everything  that  is  of  permanent  interest  or  value  to  the  municipality.  He 
was  born  in  Uttoxeter,  Staffordshire,  England,  May  n,  1860,  and  is  a  son  of 
Lewis  and  Elizabeth  (Beardmore)  Hall,  who  in  "1862  moved  to  Canada  and  lo- 
cated on  a  farm  near  Ottawa,  Ontario.  There  the  father  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits  until  1876,  when  he  removed  to  British  Columbia  and  settled  on  a  farm 
in  Chemainus,  Vancouver  island,  where  his  death  occurred  December  9,  1881, 
at  the  age  of  fifty-five,  his  wife  surviving  him  until  January,  1885,  and  passing 
away  at  the  age  of  fifty-eight.  Ten  children  were  born  to  their  union,  six  sons 
and  four  daughters,  of  whom  the  following  survive :  Dr.  H.  E.,  who  is  practicing 
dentistry  in  Calgary,  Alberta ;  F.  J.,  a  retired  merchant  of  Victoria ;  G.  A.  B., 
city  health  officer  of  Victoria ;  and  Lewis,  of  this  review. 

The  life  record  of  Dr.  Lewis  Hall  furnishes  an  excellent  example  of  the 
power  of  well  directed  ambition  in  the  shaping  of  a  successful  career.  He  was 
two  years  of  age  when  his  parents  moved  to  America  and  upon  his  father's  farm 
in  Ottawa  he  spent  his  early  childhood,  later  going  to  Gloucester,  Ontario,  where 
he  acquired  his  early  education.  At  the  age  of  fourteen  he  returned  home  and 
for  two  years  thereafter  assisted  with  the  operation  of  the  homestead.  At  the 
end  of  that  time  or  in  1876  he  came  to  British  Columbia  with  his  parents  who 
were  among  the  early  settlers  in  this  province  and  here  he  was  employed  on  his 
father's  farm  near  Chemainus,  Vancouver  island,  remaining  there  for  four  years. 
Tiring  of  farm  labor  he,  at  the  end  of  that  period,  sought  and  found  for  a  time 
employment  in  the  lumber  camps  on  Vancouver  island..  He  realized,  however, 
the  advantage  and  value  of  a  good  education  and  accordingly  made  an  agreement 
with  a  school-teacher  in  the  vicinity  whereby  they  studied  together  during  the 
winters  of  these  four  years,  Dr.  Hall  laying  the  foundation  of  an  educational  at- 
tainment that  has  reached  important  proportions  at  the  present  time.  Just  be- 
fore he  severed  his  connection  with  the  lumber  camps  of  Vancouver  island  he 
purchased  a  farm  in  the  Somenos  district  and  upon  resigning  his  position  again 
turned  his  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits.  However,  after  a  few  months  he 
left  the  farm,  deciding  that  the  city  offered  better  opportunities,  and  in  February, 
1885,  sold  his  property  and  came  to  Victoria.  He  purchased  here  a  half  interest 
in  the  circulation  route  of  The  Colonist,  a  local  newspaper,  his  brother  owning 
the  other  half  interest,  and  he  continued  active  in  this  field  for  one  year  thereafter. 
However,  in  the  fall  of  1886  he  decided  to  study  for  a  profession  and  being 
attracted  to  that  of  dentistry,  leased  his  interest  in  the  circulation  route  and  with 
the  income  from  this  source  together  with  the  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  his  farm, 
he  arranged  for  a  course  of  study  in  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Dental  Surgery. 
He  entered  this  institution  September  i,  1886,  and  he  received  his  degree  of 
D.  D.  S.  February  24,  1888,  having  the  distinction  of  being  one  of  the  two  grad- 


DR.  LEWIS  HALL 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  457 

uates  in  that  class  who  received  the  highest  grades.  Upon  leaving  college  Dr. 
Hall  returned  to  Victoria  and  began  the  practice  of  his  profession,  in  which  he  has 
since  attained  prominence  and  distinction.  He  was  one  of  the  pioneers  in  his 
line  in  this  city.  In  1888  he  opened  his  first  office  in  the  Moody  building,  at  the 
corner  of  Yates  and  Broad  streets.  In  the  following  year,  having  already  ac- 
quired a  large  patronage,  he  secured  larger  and  better  quarters  in  the  Craft  & 
Norris  block,  on  Douglas  street.  On  the  1st  of  January,  1902,  he  moved  to 
his  present  location  in  the  Jewell  block,  at  the  corner  of  Douglas  and  Yates 
streets,  and  here  he  has  one  of  the  best  equipped  dental  offices  in  the  city,  pro- 
vided with  modern  instruments  and  all  of  the  latest  scientific  appliances  known 
to  the  dental  fraternity.  Dr.  Hall  controls  a  large  patronage,  for  he  has  been 
practicing  in  Victoria  for  twenty-five  years  and  is  known  to  be  able,  conscientious 
and  reliable,  well  versed  in  the  underlying  principles  of  his  profession  and  thor- 
oughly in  touch  with  its  most  advanced  and  modern  phases.  The  new  and  en- 
lightened methods  which  have  of  late  years  practically  revolutionized  the  dental 
science  find  in  him  a  worthy  exponent,  for  he  never  considers  his  professional 
education  complete,  remaining  always  a  close  and  earnest  student. 

It  is  not  alone  along  professional  lines  that  Dr.  Hall  has  won  prominence  for 
in  the  field  of  business  he  has  acquired  extensive  and  important  connections  and 
a  success  which  places  him  among  the  men  of  marked  ability  and  substantial 
worth  in  Victoria.  He  is  interested  in  several  financial  enterprises,  among  which 
may  be  mentioned  the  Prudential  Company,  Limited,  of  Vancouver,  of  which 
he  is  a  director ;  the  Canada- West  Trust  Company,  Limited ;  and  the  Albion  Trust 
Company,  Limited,  of  Victoria,  of  which  he  is  serving  as  president.  He  was 
formerly  president  and  a  director  of  The  Bakeries,  Limited,  for  several  years, 
and  is  secretary  of  the  Victoria  Steam  Laundry,  Limited.  In  1892  he  estab- 
lished the  Central  Drug  Store  under  the  name  of  Hall  &  Company  and  he  was  the 
active  manager  of  this  concern  for  two  years,  after  which  he  disposed  of  his 
interests  in  order  to  give  more  attention  to  his  other  important  affairs.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  Victoria  Board  of  Trade  and  is  serving  as  chairman  of  the 
municipal  committee,  a  capacity  in  which  he  has  been  doing  excellent,  far-sighted 
id  progressive  work  in  the  best  interests  of  the  city.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
irtoria  school  board  from  1896  to  1904,  during  which  time  he  was  for  three 
fears  chairman  of  the  body,  closely  identified  with  some  of  its  most  important 
and  beneficial  work.  It  was  he  who  aided  in  securing  the  adoption  of  a  course 
in  manual  training  in  the  public  schools  of  the  city  and  he  has  taken  a  prominent 
part  in  a  great  deal  of  constructive  work  of  various  kinds,  having  been  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  aldermen  a  strong  factor  in  securing  additional  water  supply 
for  the  city  and  many  other  needed  municipal  improvements.  He  was  elected 
mayor  in  1908  and  served  in  that  capacity  until  1909,  his  administration  proving 
constructive,  progressive  and  businesslike  and  marking  an  epoch  of  progress  in 
the  city's  history.  No  movement  for  the  advancement  of  community  interests, 
no  projects  of  civic  reform  or  progress  lacks  his  hearty  cooperation  and  active 
support  and  he  has  been  the  instigator  of  many  such  measures,  his  influence  being 
always  on  the  side  of  growth  and  expansion.  He  was  very  influential  in  secur- 
ing the  adoption  of  wood  block  paving  for  the  streets  in  the  business  district 
of  the  city  and  in  1909  signed  the  contract  for  the  installation  of  the  present  sys- 
tem of  ornamental  street  lighting.  It  was  he  who  inaugurated  the  salt  water 
pressure  system  for  fire  fighting  which  proved  very  successful  during  the  period 
of  its  operation.  He  is  a  man  of  true  public  spirit,  a  student  of  the  scientific 
aspects  of  city  beautification,  a  believer  in  beauty  from  all  standpoints,  and  he 
has  made  his  ability  along  this  line  the  basis  of  a  great  work  of  public  service — 
a  work  by  which  Victoria  has  profited  greatly  and  which  has  enabled  her  to  take 
and  hold  her  proud  position  among  the  most  beautiful  cities  of  the  world.  He 
represented  the  city  in  the  Alaska- Yukon  Exposition  held  in  Seattle  in  1909  and 
was  chosen  to  represent  it  at  the  Tercentenary  in  Quebec,  having  been  given 
that  honor  as  the  man  who  best  embodies  the  city's  standards  and  aims  and  who 
has  taken  an  active  part  in  making  them  practicable. 


458  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

On  the  2  ist  of  August,  1889,  in  Victoria,  Dr.  Hall  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Sophie  Cummings,  a  daughter  of  J.  L.  and  Sophie  (Lafferty)  Cummings, 
natives  of  eastern  Canada,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away.  The  family  is 
of  English  origin,  the  paternal  grandparents  having  been  born  in  England.  Mrs. 
Hall  is  an  accomplished  and  talented  musician  and  for  twenty-one  years  was 
organist  of  the  First  Presbyterian  church,  having  recently  resigned  this  position. 
At  this  time  she  was  presented  with  a  gold  watch  and  many  other  gifts  by  the 
choir  and  congregation  in  recognition  of  her  able  service  during  almost  a  quarter 
of  a  century.  Dr.  Hall  has  always  been  prominently  identified  with  all  move- 
ments looking  toward  the  moral  uplift  of  the  community  and  has  been  an  active 
religious  worker,  having  organized  the  Bible  class  in  the  Victoria  West  Methodist 
church  and  having  taught  there  for  fifteen  years.  He  is  fond  of  all  kinds  of  out- 
door sports  and  takes  an  especial  delight  in  hunting  and  fishing,  spending  a  great 
many  of  his  leisure  hours  in  these  recreations.  His  fraternal  connections  are  ex- 
tensive and  important.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fel- 
lows and  the  Independent  Order  of  Good  Templars,  in  which  latter  organization  he 
has  held  several  important  offices.  In  addition  he  belongs  to  the  Sons  of  England 
and  has  been  presented  with  a  gold  medal  in  appreciation  of  his  capable  services 
as  auditor  of  that  association.  In  the  Masonic  lodge  he  holds  a  position  of 
importance  and  was  at  one  time  chaplain  and  auditor  of  the  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows,  of  which  he  is  still  a  member. 

Dr.  Hall  supports  the  liberal  party  and  for  the  past  eighteen  years  has  taken 
an  active  part  in  politics,  lending  the  weight  of  his  vote  and  influence  and  his 
active  service  t.o  the  party's  interests.  In  1900  he  was  vice  president  of  the 
general  Liberal  Association  and  he  is  now  president  of  Ward  i  of  the  local 
Liberal  Association.  He  is  a  politician  in  the  best  sense  of  the  word,  a  man  who 
knows  how  to  meet  a  present  political  situation  and  to  deal  naturally  with  its  exi- 
gencies, bringing  business  ability,  diplomacy  and  sound  judgment  to  bear  upon 
the  problem  in  hand.  A  broad-minded,  liberal  and  progressive  man,  high  in  his 
ideals,  modern  in  his  standards  and  upright  in  all  the  relations  of  life,  he  has 
attained  an  enviable  position  in  his  profession,  in  business  and  in  public  life 
and  has  left  and  is  leaving  the  impress  of  his  forceful  personality  upon  many 
different  fields  of  endeavor  in  the  city  where  he  makes  his  home. 


GEORGE  MUNRO. 

George  Munro  is  now  living  retired  in  Vancouver  but  for  many  years  was 
actively   identified   with   interests   that   have   resulted   most   beneficially   in   the 
development  and  upbuilding  of  the  northwest.     As  a  railroad  builder  his  work 
has  been  far-reaching  and  of  beneficial  effect.    He  was  born  in  Sutherlandshire. 
Scotland,  May  21,  1845,  and  is  a  son  of  Murdow  and  Janet  Munro,  the  former 
a  farmer  by  occupation.     George  Munro  was  one  of  a  family  of  five  children 
and  like  other  lads  of  the  locality  was  accorded  a  public-school  education,  after 
which  he  began  assisting  his  father  on  the  farm.     At  the  age  of  fourteen  years 
he  went  to  work  on  a  sheep  farm  and  soon  acquainted  himself  with  the  busi- 
ness, taking  charge  of  the  managers'  horses,  though  only  a  boy  in  years.     H« 
was  employed  in  that  capacity  for  about  three  years,  when  a  neighbor  took  £ 
contract  for  railroad  building  in  the  locality  and  in  his  employ  George  Munrc 
had  his  first  experience  in  railroad  work.     He  was  thus  engaged  until  abou' 
his  twentieth  year,  when  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  Canada,  becoming  a  residen 
of  Oxford  county,  Ontario.     A  farmer  from  Canada  visiting  the  old  home  ir 
Scotland  told  him  of  the  opportunities  open  for  young  men  on  this  side  th< 
Atlantic  and  he  decided  to  try  his  fortune  in  the  new  world.     Following  hi 
arrival  he  took  charge  of  a  farm,  upon  which  he  remained  for  two  years.     H< 
later  took  a  position  in  a  grist  mill  and  familiarized  himself  with  the  busines 
in  principle  and  detail,  so  that  when  the  owner  went  to  Kansas  to  engage  ii 


GEORGE  MUNRO 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  461 

farming  Mr.  Munro  took  full  charge  of  the  mill,  which  he  managed  until  the 
owner  returned.  In  1871  Mr.  Munro  went  to  Port  Arthur  with  his  namesake 
and  was  employed  on  government  work.  He  saved  his  money,  invested  in  prop- 
erty and  later  sold  at  an  advanced  figure.  He  returned  to  Ontario  on  the  last 
boat  which  made  the  trip  down  the  river  that  year.  In  December,  1871,  he 
engaged  with  a  track-laying  gang,  building  the  track  from  St.  Thomas  east  to 
Buffalo.  He  was  thus  employed  until  April,  1875.  At  that  time  work  on  the 
Canadian  Pacific  was  being  begun  in  the  extension  of  the  road  to  the  Pacific 
coast  and  he  entered  the  employ  of  Adam  Oliver,  who  had  a  contract  for  three 
hundred  miles  of  right-of-way,  Mr.  Munro  being  given  charge  thereof.  While 
thus  engaged  he  experienced  severe  hardships  from  cold  and  inclement  weather 
and  the  privations  usually  attendant  upon  work  on  a  frontier.  After  the  grad- 
ing was  done  Mr.  Munro  had  charge  of  the  track  laying.  When  that  portion 
of  the  road  was  completed  he  accepted  a  similar  position  on  the  Pacific  division 
and  started  by  way  of  Winnipeg  for  the  coast.  Arriving  in  Winnipeg,  he  found 
the  place  was  in  the  midst  of  a  boom,  which  had  brought  many  settlers  and 
adventurers  to  the  city,  and  unable  to  find  a  room  in  a  hotel  he  was  obliged  to 
sleep  on  a  billiard  table.  He  continued  on  his  way  to  St.  Paul,  thence  to 
Omaha,  Nebraska;  from  there  to  San  Francisco,  and  on  to  Victoria,  British 
Columbia,  where  he  took  a  boat  for  Yale.  He  was  present  at  the  turning  of 
the  first  sod  for  the  road  at  Fort  Williams  on  the  2ist  of  May,  1875.  This  was  the 
beginning  of  the  construction  work  on  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  on  the  east 
end,  Persell  &  Ryan  being  the  contractors. 

Mr.  Munro  had  charge  of  the  loading  of  the  rails  and  loaded  the  first  car 
of  rails  for  the  company.  He  also  had  the  hotelkeeper's  wife  blow  the  whistle 
on  the  first  construction  train,  while  Miss  Bailey,  the  first  woman  born  in  the 
Fraser  River  country,  had  the  first  ride  on  a  train  in  British  Columbia.  Mr. 
Munro  had  charge  of  the  track  laying  until  the  road  was  connected  with  the 
east  at  Craiglechie  on  the  nth  of  November,  1885,  on  which  occasion  Sir  Donald 
Smith  drove  the  golden  spike,  and  Mr.  Munro  has  in  his  possession  the  spike 
that  was  drawn  to  make  place  for  the  golden  spike.  Mr.  Munro  recalls  with 
pleasure  that  during  his  whole  railroading  career  in  British  Columbia  and  else- 
where he  had  seldom,  if  ever,  any  trouble  with  the  men  working  under  him, 
although  the  Chinese  at  first  did  not  understand  the  work  very  well  and  dur- 
ing the  construction  period  Yale  was  what  is  called  a  wide  open  town.  There 
were  several  saloons  and  gambling  houses  and  games  of  all  kinds  were  going 
all  night  and  Sunday,  thousands  of  dollars  being  displayed  on  the  tables,  which 
were  effectively  covered  with  revolvers.  However,  law  and  good  order  was 
kept  through  the  efficient  service  and  by  the  good  judgment  of  Jack  Kirkup, 
who  is  still  in  the  government's  employ.  Mr.  Munro  recalls  with  pleasure  his 
associations  with  prominent  engineers  of  that  time,  among  them  the  late  Mr. 
Onderdonk,  a  famous  contractor,  to  whose  memory  he  still  pays  great  respect. 
Other  officers  whom  he  well  remembers  in  connection  with  the  construction  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  are  E.  G.  Tilton,  superintendent  of  construc- 
tion, Mr.  Downie,  H.  E.  Beasley  and  Mr.  Marpole.  The  latter  three  g^ve  him 
the  orders  for  putting  on  a  siding  to  the  railroad  wherever  he  wanted  to  and 
to  call  it  his  siding.  It  consequently  was  named  in  honor  of  Mr.  Munro.  With 
the  completion  of  the  construction  work  Mr.  Munro  returned  to  Ontario  in 
the  fall  for  his  family,  and  in  March,  1886,  arrived  in  New  Westminster.  He 
purchased  property  on  Hastings  street  in  Vancouver,  although  the  thoroughfare 
was  then  practically  a  wilderness.  He  was  laughed  at  for  buying,  as  all  thought 
that  Port  Moody  was  the  coming  city,  but  he  had  faith  in  Vancouver  and  her 
future,  because  he  knew  that  the  terminus  of  the  railroad  would  be  in  this 
city.  He  erected  a  residence  on  his  Hastings  street  property  but  before  he 
could  occupy  it,  it  was  destroyed  in  the  great  fire  that  practically  wiped  out 
Vancouver.  Mr.  Munro  was  the  man  to  whom  was  given  the  duty  of  examin- 
ing the  road  before  the  first  passenger  train  was  run  over  it.  After  complet- 
ing this  task  and  the  road  being  finished,  he  was  offered  the  position  of  road- 

voi.  m— ie 


462  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

master.  He  went  to  Kamloops  and  remained  at  that  place  until  about  two 
years  ago,  when  he  retired  on  a  pension.  For  twenty-five  years  he  continued 
a  resident  of  Kamloops,  but  in  1911  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  held  con- 
siderable property.  Here  he  erected  his  present  beautiful  residence  on  Four- 
teenth avenue  in  Fairview.  He  then  spent  the  first  holiday  which  he  had  ever 
enjoyed,  in  California,  where  he  remained  for  the  winter,  greatly  enjoying  his 
stay  in  that  sunny  southern  clime.  His  life  has  indeed  been  a  busy  and  useful 
one.  On  occasions,  in  connection  with  his  railroad  building,  there  have  been 
fifteen  thousand  Chinamen  and  fifteen  hundred  white  men  working  under  him. 
On  one  occasion  illness  broke  out  among  the  Chinamen  and  in  a  short  time 
fifteen  hundred  died.  On  the  first  pay  day  the  Chinamen  were  dissatisfied  and 
stormed  the  company's  store,  in  which  the  clerks  had  to  barricade  themselves. 
Mr.  Munro  relates  many  interesting  incidents  concerning  the  hardships  of  the 
men  engaged  in  railroad  work  and  their  difficulties  in  securing  a  sufficient  amount 
of  food  to  supply  so  large  a  force  of  workmen.  It  was  a  part  of  his  task  to 
keep  supplies  on  hand,  not  only  supplies  of  food  but  material  for  the  track 
laying  and  bridge  gangs.  This  was  difficult  because  of  the  roughness  of  the 
country,  bad  weather  and  other  conditions  which  militated  against  the  work. 

On  the  22d  of  April,  1875,  Mr.  Munro  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Emma  Wood,  of  Oxford  county,  Ontario,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Harriett 
Wood,  who  were  residents  of  that  county.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Munro  became  the 
parents  of  two  children:  Mrs.  Brown  of  Kamloops;  and  John  Alexander,  now 
with  the  Bank  of  Commerce  in  Portland,  Oregon,  with  which  he  has  been  con- 
nected from  the  age  of  sixteen  years. 

In  religious  faith  Mr.  Munro  is  a  Presbyterian  and  in  politics  is  a  liberal. 
He  holds  membership  with  the  Sons  of  Scotland  and  with  the  Caledonia  Society. 
He  is  fond  of  hunting,  in  which  he  finds  his  chief  source  of  recreation.  No 
one  is  more  familiar  with  the  pioneer  history  of  the  northwest,  for  he  pene- 
trated into  this  region  when  it  was  largely  wild  and  undeveloped,  his  labors 
being  a  factor  in  introducing  the  agency  which  more  than  all  others  has  had  most 
to  do  with  the  upbuilding  and  development  of  this  section  of  the  country.  His 
life  history  if  written  in  detail  would  present  a  most  interesting  picture  of  con- 
ditions here  and  of  the  work  that  was  accomplished  in  railroad  construction. 


HAROLD  DISNEY. 

The  firm  of  Disney  &  Tucker,  dealers  in  builders'  supplies  and  also  actively 
engaged  as  contractors  and  builders  in  Edmonds,  British  Columbia,  are  among 
the  foremost  in  their  line  of  activity  in  that  city  and  the  success  which  they 
have  achieved  must  be  largely  attributed  to  its  senior  member,  Harold  Disney, 
who  now  gives  his  sole  attention  to  the  development  of  this  business.  He  is  one 
of  the  earlier  settlers  of  British  Columbia,  coming  here  in  1888,  and  was  born  in 
Greenwich,  England,  on  December  17,  1866,  a  son  of  John  Norman  and  Matilda 
(Burrough)  Disney,  the  father  a  native  of  Greenwich  and  the  mother  of  Devon- 
shire, England,  where  they  made  their  home  until  their  demise.  John  N.  Disney 
was  a  builder  and  contractor  and  was  prominent  in  his  native  town. 

Harold  Disney  was  educated  in  the  Asks  Hatcham  school  in  the  suburbs  of 
London  and  at  the  age  of  sixteen  apprenticed  himself  to  the  carpenter's  and 
builder's  trade  with  the  firm  of  Holland  &  Hannen  in  London,  E.  C.  For  five  years 
he  remained  with  this  firm,  faithfully  fulfilling  his  duties  and  becoming  well 
acquainted  with  the  trade,  and  in  1888  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  and  came  to 
Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  where  for  one  summer  he  found  employment  at  the 
carpenter's  trade.  In  the  following  fall  he  proceeded  to  Mount  Lehman  to  work 
on  his  brother's  ranch,  going  with  the  view  of  taking  up  a  ranch  for  himself. 
However,  the  slow  process  of  clearing  the  land  of  the  thick  forest  did  not  appeal 
to  him  and  concluding  that  he  would  receive  better  returns  from  his  trade,  he  gave 


HAROLD  DISNEY 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  465 

up  that  idea.  Therefore  he  came  to  New  Westminster  in  the  spring  and  in 
company  with  his  brother  Edmund  engaged  in  contracting  and  building,  being 
successfully  occupied  until  1895.  Dull  times  prevailing  that  year  had  a  deterring 
influence  upon  the  building  trade  and  therefore  Mr.  Disney  applied  for  a  position 
at  the  penitentiary  and  out  of  eighty  applicants  was  selected  as  instructor  in 
carpentering  to  the  inmates  and  in  1903  was  made  chief  trade  instructor,  serving 
in  that  important  capacity  with  conspicuous  ability  and  success  until  May,  1911. 
While  holding  that  position  Mr.  Disney  remodeled  the  entire  prison,  built  the 
east  wing  thereof  and  the  new  work  shops,  putting  the  entire  building  in  an  up- 
to-date  condition.  That  his  capable  services  were  deeply  appreciated  is  evident 
in  the  fact  that  he  was  retained  in  the  position  under  four  wardens,  namely: 
George  L.  Foster,  W.  C.  Moresby,  J.  C.  White  and  J.  C.  Brown.  After  resigning 
from  his  official  position  Mr.  Disney  built  a  home  in  Edmonds  and  here  estab- 
lished himself  in  his  present  business  of  contracting  and  building,  also  opening 
a  lumberyard  and  adding  a  general  line  of  builders'  supplies.  His  success  has 
been  rapid  and  the  business  is  considered  among  the  important  ones  of  his  city. 

In  1891  Mr.  Disney  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Burrough,  of  Lon- 
don, England,  and  to  them  have  been  born  four  children:  Gertrude  Jessie,  now 
the  wife  of  Arthur  Jones,  of  Seattle,  Washington;  John  Harold;  Marjorie  Mary; 
and  Charles  Norman.  The  three  younger  children  are  yet  at  home. 

Mr.  Disney  is  a  member  of  the  Sons  of  England,  belonging  to  Burnaby  lodge, 
of  that  order,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the  organizers.  He  also  is  a  member  of 
King  Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  is  worshipful  master  of  that 
lodge.  One  of  the  leading  business  men  of  Edmonds  and  a  loyal  citizen  in  every 
sense  of  the  word,  Mr.  Disney  is  a  potent  factor  for  good  in  all  endeavors  under- 
taken to  benefit  the  city.  He  is  highly  esteemed  by  all  who  know  him  and  his 
actions  have  always  been  such  as  need  no  disguise. 


JAMES  ALBERT  ALLEN. 

James  Albert  Allen,  who  passed  away  in  October,  1896,  was  since 
1888  actively  and  successfully  identified  with  the  shipbuilding  business  in  Van- 
couver and  at  the  time  of  his  death  controlled  important  interests  along  this 
line.  He  was  born  in  Cumberland  county,  Nova  Scotia.  His  parents,  William 
and  Hannah  Allen,  have  both  passed  away,  the  father  having  been  for  many 
years  a  well  known  shipbuilder  in  that  province.  In  the  acquirement  of  an  edu- 
cation Mr.  Allen  attended  public  school  and  after  completing  the  regular  course 
was  apprenticed  to  the  shipbuilding  trade,  working  under  his  father  for  a 
number  of  years.  When  he  left  Nova  Scotia  he  went  to  Michigan  and  con- 
tinued there  in  the  lumber  business  until  1888,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia, 
turning  his  attention  to  his  former  occupation  of  shipbuilding.  He  entered 
into  partnership  with  a  Mr.  McAlpin,  with  whom  he  continued  until  his  death. 
The  firm  became  known  as  one  of  the  strongest  and  most  reliable  of  its  kind 
in  the  city  and  it  was  entrusted  with  a  great  deal  of  important  work,  building 
among  others  the  City  of  Nanaimo  and  the  C.  D.  Rand  sealing  schooners.  Their 
patronage  grew  rapidly,  both  partners  being  able  and  far-sighted  business 
men  and  it  finally  reached  extensive  proportions.  A  great  deal  of  the  credit  for 
the  expansion  of  this  business  was  due  to  the  able  work  of  James  Albert  Allen, 
who  through  long  practical  experience  and  close  observation  and  study  had 
mastered  the  shipbuilding  business  in  principle  and  detail,  combining  with  his 
comprehensive  knowledge  the  energy,  initiative  and  enterprise  necessary  to  suc- 
cess in  any  field.  He  met  his  untimely  death  on  the  3Oth  of  October,  1896, 
while  building  a  dredge  on  the  Fraser  river,  the  staging  on  which  he  was  stand- 
ing giving  way  and  letting  him  fall  into  the  river,  where  he  was  drowned. 

Mr.  Allen  married  Miss  Emma  McLaren,  a  daughter  of  Daniel  and  Rachel 
McLaren,  the  former  a  prominent  farmer  of  Hants  county,  Nova  Scotia.  Mr. 


466 

and  Mrs.  Allen  became  the  parents  of  two  children,  Alice  May  and  William 
Stanley.  The  family  reside  at  No.  1065  Pacific  street  and  are  well  known  in 
social  and  religious  circles  of  the  city.  Mr.  Allen  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity  belonging  to  Mount  Hermon  Lodge  of  Vancouver  and  well  known 
in  the  affairs  of  this  organization.  During  the  period  of  his  residence  in  Van- 
couver he  was  recognized  as  a  man  of  genuine  public  spirit,  whose  loyalty  found 
exemplification  in  earnest  support  of  all  measures  for  the  best  interests  of  the 
community.  He  manifested  both  promptness  and  accuracy  in  the  discharge  of 
his  business  duties  and  at  his  death  a  life  of  genuine  and  unostentatious  useful- 
ness was  brought  to  a  close,  Vancouver  losing  one  of  the  most  honored  and 
worthy  of  her  early  settlers. 


MARSHALL  BIDWELL  BRAY. 

A  man  upright  and  honorable  in  all  relations  of  life,  straightforward  in 
business,  loyal  in  friendship  and  faithful  in  citizenship  passed  away  when 
Marshall  Bidwell  Bray  died  on  the  9th  of  August,  1912.  He  was  at  that  time 
seventy-two  years  of  age  and  since  1876  had  lived  in  the  Nanaimo  district,  so 
that  he  was  numbered  among  its  oldest  residents,  having  been  a  witness  of  its 
growth  and  development  for  more  than  thirty-five  years.  During  that  period 
he  made  notable  and  substantial  contributions  to  the  section's  progress,  advance- 
ment and  development,  giving  the  best  years  of  an  honorable  and  upright  man- 
hood to  constructive  work  in  public  service.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was 
living  retired  but  had  been  for  twenty-nine  years  previous  government  agent  at 
Nanaimo. 

Marshall  B.  Bray  was  born  in  Halton  county,  Ontario,  on  the  3Oth  of  August, 
1840,  and  was  a  son  of  Ezra  and  Mary  Ann  (Dexter)  Bray,  the  former  of  whom 
engaged  in  farming  in  that  part  of  Ontario  during  all  of  his  active  life.  The 
Bray  family  is  of  old  English  origin  and  its  representatives  were  for  a  long 
time  prominent  in  the  colony  of  New  Jersey  but  after  the  termination  of  the 
Revolutionary  war,  being  United  Empire  Loyalists,  they  came  to  Canada, 
locating  in  Halton  county,  Ontario,  where  members  of  the  family  still  reside. 

Marshall  B.  Bray  was  reared  upon  his  father's  farm  and  acquired  his  edu- 
cation in  the  public  schools  of  Oakville,  Ontario,  dividing  his  time  between  his 
studies  and  work  upon  the  homestead.  After  laying  aside  his  books  he  con- 
tinued to  assist  his  father  until  June,  1862,  when  news  of  the  gold  discoveries  in 
the  Cariboo  district  reached  the  eastern  provinces.  Fired  with  a  desire  to  seek 
his  fortune  in  the  gold  fields,  Mr.  Bray  made  the  journey  by  way  of  the  isthmus 
of  Panama  to  British  Columbia  and  went  directly  to  the  mines  in  the  Cariboo 
district,  where  he  remained  for  a  number  of  years.  During  the  time  he  mined 
on  most  of  the  famous  creeks  of  Cariboo — Williams,  Antler,  Lightning  and 
Grouse — meeting,  however,  in  his  mining  operations  with  but  moderate  success. 
In  1876  he  went  to  Cassiar,  where  he  mined  for  one  summer,  coming  in  the 
following  autumn  to  Nanaimo,  on  Vancouver  island,  where  for  more  than 
thirty-five  years  thereafter  he  continued  as  a  respected,  worthy  and  honored 
resident.  He  first  secured  employment  with  the  Vancouver  Coal  Company, 
continuing  with  that  corporation  until  1878,  when  he  entered  the  employ  of 
James  Abrams,  who  conducted  a  general  outfitting  store.  In  this  capacity  he 
remained  until  1880,  in  which  year  he  received  the  appointment  as  government 
agent  at  Nanaimo,  which  position  he  filled  with  credit  and  ability  until  his  re- 
tirement, in  1909,  when  he  completed  the  twenty-ninth  year  of  his  earnest, 
faithful  and  successful  service.  Mr.  Bray  acted  at  the  same  time  as  gold  com- 
missioner, assistant  commissioner  of  lands  and  works  for  the  district,  and  regis- 
trar of  births,  deaths  and  marriages,  and  besides  these  public  offices  managed 
also  a  large  volume  of  personal  business  and  extensive  financial  interests.  His 
energy  was  tireless,  his  capacity  great,  his  ability  practically  unlimited  and  his 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  467 

work  in  the  public  service  and  in  the  conduct  of  his  private  affairs  was  at  all 
times  discriminating,  able  and  far-sighted.  A  spirit  of  enterprise  and  progress 
actuated  him  in  all  that  he  did,  crowning  his  labor  with  success  and  his  life 
with  the  joy  of  fulfillment.  He  died  on  the  Qth  of  August,  1912. 

On  October  8,  1883,  Mr.  Bray  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Sarah  John- 
ston Randle,  a  daughter  of  the  late  Joseph  and  Mary  (Johnston)  Randle,  of 
Nanaimo,  both  pioneers,  arriving  in  British  Columbia  about  1858.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Bray  became  the  parents  of  two  sons,  Harry  Randle  and  William  Edgar. 
Mr.  Bray  aside  from  his  important  service  as  government  agent,  was  active  and 
prominent  in  the  support  of  projects  and  movements  for  the  development  of  the 
district  and  the  promotion  of  civic  welfare.  His  life  should  serve  as  a  source 
of  courage  and  inspiration  to  others,  for  he  belonged  to  that  class  of  men  who 
build  for  all  time,  so  that  those  who  come  after  must  follow  closely  in  their 
footsteps  or  lag  behind  in  the  march  of  progress  and  civilization. 


GEORGE  KING. 

The  life  of  George  King  offers  many  splendid  examples  of  the  value  of 
industry,  energy  and  firm  determination  in  the  development  of  a  successful 
career,  for  these  qualities  have  dominated  all  of  his  activities  and  have  formed 
the  foundation  of  a  prosperity  which  places  him  today  among  the  business  men 
of  marked  ability  and  substantial  worth  in  Vancouver.  He  was  intimately 
connected  with  mining  and  general  business  development  of  western  Canada 
for  a  number  of  years,  has  been  well  known  in  public  life  in  various  com- 
munities in  British  Columbia  and  he  is  today  in  control  of  an  important  real- 
estate  business  in  Vancouver  and  a  factor  in  the  growth  of  the  city  along 
business  lines. 

Mr.  King  was  born  in  Stratford-on-Avon,  England,  January  3,  1854,  and, 
the  youngest  in  a  -family  of  four  children,  was  left  an  orphan  at  an  early  date 
with  no  remembrance  of  his  parents.  His  early  life  was  spent  in  Shipston, 
about  ten  miles  from  Stratford,  where  he  was  reared  by  relatives,  remaining  in 
their  home  until  he  was  about  twelve  years  of  age,  when  he  was  apprenticed  to 
a  gunsmith  for  a  period  of  nine  years.  Before  four  years  had  passed,  however, 
his  master  left  England  and  went  to  the  United  States  and  soon  afterward  Mr. 
King  was  relieved  of  his  articles.  He  went  to  South  Staffordshire  and  in  that 
part  of  England  mined  for  a  number  of  years,  or  until  he  left  the  country  on 
the  24th  of  May,  1878.  He  took  passage  on  the  ship  Polynesian,  coming  to 
Canada,  and  after  landing  in  Quebec  he  went  to  Toronto,  Ontario,  and  thence 
to  Stratford,  where  he  remained  for  two  weeks.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he 
obtained  a'  position  as  a  farm  laborer  in  the  vicinity,  holding  it  for  three  months, 
after  which  he  became  connected  with  the  Silver  Islet  mine  on  an  island  about 
one  mile  from  the  mainland  and  eighteen  miles  east  of  Port  Arthur.  He  thus 
had  the  distinction  of  working  in  the  richest  silver  mine  ever  discovered  in 
Canada  and  he  retained  his  position  for  four  years,  or  until  the  mine  was  closed, 
after  which  he  moved  to  the  western  part  of  Ontario,  settling  in  Rat  Portage, 
where  with  his  two  partners  he  obtained  work  in  the  Lake  of  the  Woods  gold 
mine.  When  he  was  paid  at  the  end  of  one  month  he  was  obliged  to  go  to 
Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  to  get  his  check  cashed  and  in  that  city  he  paid  one  dollar 
for  a  position  and  railroad  fare  to  the  Rocky  mountains  in  order  to  work  in 
the  interests  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad.  However,  he  left  the  train  at 
Medicine  Hat  and  he  spent  one  month  in  that  community,  as  the  railroad  had 
not  yet  been  constructed  into  Lethbridge  and  the  coal  mines  consequently  could 
not  be  worked.  In  view  of  these  conditions  Mr.  King  removed  to  Fort  William, 
then  .called  West  Fort  William,  the  terminal  of  the  water  stretch  route  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  and  the  station  where  that  system  landed  all  their  coal  and 
supplies  for  the  western  route.  After  his  arrival  there  he  immediately  became 


468  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

active  in  public  life,  serving  with  credit  and  ability  in  practically  all  the  munici- 
pal offices  with  the  exception  of  that  of  mayor  and  proving  businesslike,  efficient 
and  capable  in  positions  of  trust  and  responsibility.  Until  1903  he  served  the 
people  of  Fort  William  but  in  that  year  he  moved  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has 
since  remained  an  honored  and  respected  resident.  He  established  himself  in 
the  real-estate  business  under  the  firm  name  of  the  Fidelity  Real  Estate  Com- 
pany and  his  enterprise,  founded  and  given  its  first  impetus  toward  development 
in  the  boom  days  of  Vancouver,  has  steadily  grown  and  expanded,  Mr.  King 
being  today  in  control  of  a  lucrative  and  representative  patronage.  He  is  a  far- 
sighted  and  discriminating  business  man  and  a  specialist  in  his  chosen  line  of 
work,  his  knowledge  of  land  values  being  exact  and  exhaustive  and  his  judg- 
ment as  to  the  direction  of  city  growth  practically  infallible.  In  September, 
1910,  he  completed  the  King  block  at  Nos.  222,  224  and  226  Harris  street,  Van- 
couver, and  his  offices  are  on  the  entire  ground  floor  of  this  modern  structure, 
Shakespeare  rooms  occupying  the  two  upper  floors.  He  has  extensive  holdings 
in  city  and  suburban  real  estate  and  in  property  in  West  Vancouver  and  he  has 
extended  his  business  activities  to  other  fields,  being  a  director  in  the  Dominion 
Bed  .Manufacturing  Company  of  Vancouver,  makers  of  an  entirely  new  "style 
of.  bed,  with  which  they  gave  a  fifty-year  guarantee.  All  of  his  business  affairs 
are  capably  and  progressively  conducted  and  his  name  has  come  to  be  regarded 
as  a  synonym  for  integrity,  ability  and  honorable  dealings. 

Mr.  King  is  married  and  has  two  children,  Albert  Edward  and  Delores 
Frances.  He  belongs  to  the  Progress  Club  and  for  the  last  three  years  has 
been  a  member  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Vancouver  Conservative  Club, 
being  interested  and  active  in  everything  pertaining  to  civic  improvement.  He 
gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  is  active  in  politics, 
having  served  for  two  terms  as  alderman  of  the  fourth  ward  of  Vancouver. 
Anything  pertaining  to  the  welfare  or  commercial  expansion  of  the  city  re- 
ceives his  hearty  cooperation  and  active  support  and  his  work  has  been  one  of 
the  greatest  single  forces  in  municipal  expansion.  He  is  a  splendid  type  of  the 
present  day  business  man — modern  in  his  views,  high  in  his  standards,  progres- 
sive in  his  ideas,  a  man  whose  work  in  the  promotion  of  his  individual  success 
goes  hand  in  hand  with  timely  activity  in  the  public  service. 


BENJAMIN  ARMITAGE  CUNLIFFE. 

Benjamin  Armitage  Cunliffe  needs  no  introduction  to  the  citizens  of  Vancouver 
for,  since  his  arrival  here  in  1903,  he  has  taken  a  prominent  part  in  local  and 
provincial  conservative  politics  and  later  turning  his  attention  to  the  business 
field,  has  achieved  therein  an  enviable  success,  being  today  managing  director 
of  Ceramics,  Limited,  and  a  forceful  factor  in  the  general  business  life  of  the 
city.  He  was  born  in  Otley,  Yorkshire,  England,  May  17,  1881,  and  is  a  son  of 
William  Mawson  and  Eliza  (Armitage)  Cunliffe,  the  former  a  member  of  an  old 
north  of  England  family,  originally  of  Lancashire  but  for  the  past  four  hundred 
years  of  Yorkshire.  The  members  of  this  line  have  been  tanners  for  several 
generations  past  and  the  father  of  the  subject  of  this  review  is  now  engaged  in 
that  occupation. 

Benjamin  A.  Cunliffe  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  Shaftesbury  (Dor- 
setshire) grammar  school,  after  which  he  took  entrance  examinations  to  Cam- 
bridge University  but  did  not  matriculate.  Instead  he  became  apprenticed  to  the 
leather  business,  at  the  same  time  taking  the  Yorkshire  college  course  in  the 
leather  industry.  He  afterward  entered  into  partnership  with  his  father  in  that 
line  of  occupation  for  two  years,  severing  his  connection  in  1901  and  emigrating 
to  Canada,  where  he  settled  at  Two  Creeks,  Manitoba,  turning  his  attention  to 
farming.  In  December,  1903,  he  moved  to  Vancouver  and  after  engaging  in 
various  occupations  until  October,  1907,  was  made  in  that  year  permanent  secre- 


BENJAMIN  A.  CUNLIFFE 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  471 

tary  of  the  Vancouver  Conservative  Club,  to  the  duties  of  which  position  he  later 
added  those  of  traveling  organizer  of  the  British  Columbia  Conservative  Associa- 
tion. He  held  these  important  positions  until  the  general  election  of  1911,  in 
which  the  conservatives  returned  five  members,  and  in  the  following  year  he 
became  clerk  of  the  municipality  of  Point  Grey,  acting  in  that  capacity  for  nine 
months  thereafter.  He  is  well  known  in  local  conservative  politics  and  at  present 
represents  Ward  5  in  the  Point  Grey  municipal  council.  He  resigned  his  position 
as  clerk  of  the  municipality  in  November,  1912,  and  turned  his  attention  to  busi- 
ness affairs,  organizing  Ceramics,  Limited,  of  which  he  has  since  been  managing 
director.  The  company  imports  all  kinds  of  fine  porcelains,  glassware,  statuary, 
cutlery,  etc.,  and  the  business  has  had  a  creditable  growth  during  the  one  year 
of  its  existence,  Mr.  Cunliffe  having  effectively  demonstrated  that  his  business 
acumen  equals  his  political  ability. 

On  the  23d  of  February,  1907,  Mr.  Cunliffe  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Martha  Hodgson,  a  daughter  of  William  Hodgson,  of  Yorkshire,  England,  and 
they  have  become  the  parents  of  three  children,  Jack  Armitage,  Harry  Hodgson 
and  Benjamin  William.  Mr.  Cunliffe  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  Loyal 
Order  of  Orange.  A  young  man  of  energy,  ability  and  resourcefulness,  he  has 
throughout  the  entire  course  of  his  active  career  made  the  best  possible  use  of 
his  talents  and  opportunities  with  the  result  that  he  is  today  widely  and  favor- 
ably known  in  Vancouver  and  stands  among  the  men  of  marked  ability  and  sub- 
stantial worth  in  the  community. 


CAPTAIN  ALFRED  R.  BISSETT. 

Probably  no  man  in  British  Columbia  is  more  thoroughly  familiar  with  ships, 
with  coast  and  inland  navigation  and  with  everything  connected  with  a  seafaring 
life  than  Captain  Alfred  Bissett,  well  know  in  Vancouver  as  managing  director 
of  the  Vancouver  Dredging  &  Salvage  Company,  Limited,  and  as  manager  of 
the  Bermuda  Steamship  Company.  He  was  a  pioneer  in  this  province,  his  resi- 
dence here  dating  from  1887,  and  he  was  for  a  long  period  one  of  the  greatest 
individual  forces  in  the  development  and  growth  of  the  coastwise  trade.  He 
is  today  connected  with  important  business  concerns  in  Vancouver  and  is  widely 
and  favorably  known  in  business  circles,  his  energy  and  ability  having  carried 
him  forward  into  important  commercial  relations. 

Captain  Bissett  was  born  in  River  Burgeois,  Nova  Scotia,  February  16,  1863. 
and  is  a  son  of  George  H.  and  Virginia  Bissett,  the  former  an  old  resident  of 
that  part  of  the  province.  In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Alfred  Bissett 
attended  public  school  in  his  native  province  and  immediately  after  laying  aside 
his  books  went  to  sea,  sailing  on  the  north  and  south  Atlantic  for  several  years. 
In  1884  and  1885  he  took  part  in  an  expedition  sent  out  by  the  Dominion  gov- 
ernment to  determine  whether  Hudson's  straits  were  navigable  and  if  so  for  what 
length  of  time,  and  to  determine  also  the  possibility  of  building  a  railroad  from 
North  West  to  Churchill  or  Fort  Nelson.  This  work  was  successfully  accom- 
plished and  the  members  of  his  party  also  made  important  meteorological  and 
tidal  observations  at  Digges  island,  at  the  northern  entrance  to  Hudson's  straits, 
where  they  were  stationed  for  sixteen  months. 

Two  years  after  this  Captain  Bissett  came  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia, 
having  made  the  journey  around  the  Horn  with  a  number  of  associates,  and  in 
the  same  year  engaged  in  the  sealing  business  off  the  coast,  remaining  identified 
with  this  line  of  work  until  1897  and  winning  in  it  success  and  prominence.  In 
the  latter  year  he  with  several  associates  built  the  steamer  Selkirk  for  the 
coastwise  trade  and  Captain  Bissett  was  made  master  of  the  vessel  until  1905, 
becoming  a  familiar  figure  on  the  coast  of  British  Columbia.  In  the  latter  year 
he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  assisted  in  founding  the  Vancouver  Dredging 
&  Salvage  Company,  Limited,  of  which  he  was  elected  managing  director,  which 


472  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

position  he  still  holds.  It  has  called  forth  his  excellent  administrative  and  ex- 
ecutive ability  and  has  made  frequent  and  large  demands  upon  his  efficiency 
and  business  enterprise,  qualities  in  his  character  which  form  the  basis  of  all 
his  success.  He  is  in  addition  manager  of  the  Bermuda  Steamship  Company 
and  one  of  the  most  trusted  and  reliable  representatives  of  that  corporation. 

On  the  loth  of  January,  1892,  in  Victoria,  Captain  Bissett  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Sofia  Schnoter,  a  daughter  of  Andrew  and  Emma  Schnoter,  of 
that  city.  Captain  and  Mrs.  Bissett  have  become  the  parents  of  four  children, 
Lena,  Elvira,  Ernest  and  Rudolf.  The  Captain  is  a  liberal  in  his  political  views 
and  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and 
the  Knights  of  Pythias.  Business  men  in  Vancouver  respect  his  integrity  and 
admire  his  ability,  freely  according  him  the  confidence,  regard  and  esteem  which 
he  well  deserves.  He  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  most  prominent  and  able  men 
in  the  city,  an  honor  which  he  has  earned  by  many  years  of  intelligently  directed 
effort  and  strict  adherence  to  high  standards  of  business  integrity. 


ROBERT  SAMUEL  PYKE. 

One  of  the  most  widely  known  and  popular  traveling  salesmen  of  British 
Columbia  is  Robert  Samuel  Pyke,  representing  the  Gutta-percha  &  Rubber,  Ltd. 
He  has  visited  every  section  of  the  province  and  there  is  no  man  who  has  a 
more  intimate  knowledge  of  conditions  and  of  the  development  and  progress 
of  this  western  section  of  the  Dominion.  He  was  born  in  Addington  county, 
Ontario,  April  30,  1861,  a  son  of  James  and  Martha  (Stevenson)  Pyke,  both 
natives  of  Belfast,  Ireland.  The  father  was  actively  and  successfully  engaged 
in  the  shoe  business  in  Addington  county  for  many  years,  and  in  fact  was  iden- 
tified with  the  shoe  trade  throughout  his  entire  life.  Both  he  and  his  wife 
passed  away  many  years  ago  in  Ontario. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  county  Robert  Samuel  Pyke  pursued  his 
education  to  the  age  of  fifteen  years,  when  he  entered  his  father's  store,  there 
continuing  for  a  few  years.  In  1881  he  came  to  Winnipeg  and  joined  a  sur- 
veying party,  going  thence  to  Portage  la  Prairie.  From  that  point  they  walked 
to  the  present  site  of  the  town  of  Brandon,  and  Mr.  Pyke  has  the  distinction  of 
having  staked  the  first  tent  ever  pitched  by  a  white  man  on  that  townsite.  He 
also  helped  to  make  a  survey  of  the  town,  at  which  place  the  party  arrived  on 
the  26th  of  May,  1881.  After  spending  the  summer  in  Manitoba  he  went  to 
Colorado,  where  he  remained  for  one  season,  working  in  the  shoe  business.  In 
the  spring  of  1882  he  returned  to  Ontario,  going  to  Kingston,  out  of  which  city 
he  traveled  as  a  salesman  for  leather  and  findings. 

Mr.  Pyke  continued  in  that  business  until  1890,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver 
and  joined  his  brother,  J.  A.  Pyke,  in  the  ownership  and  conduct  of  a  retail 
shoe  business.  That  association  was  maintained  for  twelve  years,  at  the  end 
of  which  time  R.  S.  Pyke  withdrew  and  associated  himself  with  the  Vancouver 
Rubber  Company,  Ltd.,  which  on  the  ist  of  January,  1913,  was  reorganized  under 
the  name  of  the  Gutta-percha  &  Rubber,  Ltd.  Since  becoming  connected  with  the 
Vancouver  Rubber  Company  he  has  traveled  throughout  the  province  from 
the  international  boundary  to  the  Alaskan  line  and  from  the  Alberta  border  to  the 
Pacific  coast.  He  covers  this  entire  province  twice  yearly,  and  few  men  have 
known  this  vast  area  better  in  its  primitive  state  and  throughout,  its  various 
stages  of  development  and  advancement  than  Mr.  Pyke.  He  is  popular  with 
the  many  patrons  whom  he  has  won  for  the  corporation  which  he  represents 
and  is  everywhere  regarded  as  an  enterprising,  alert  and  progressive  business 
man — a  splendid  representative  of  commercial  interests. 

In  Kingston,  Ontario,  on  the  2/th  of  January,  1886,  Mr.  Pyke  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Kate  Perdaux,  of  Belleville,  Ontario,  and  they  have  one 
son,  J.  Loren,  now  a  law  student  in  the  office  of  Burns  &  Walkem.  The  parents 


ROBERT  S.  PYKE 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  475 

are  active  and  faithful  members  of  the  Wesley  Methodist  church,  of  which  Mr. 
Pyke  is  one  of  the  board  of  governors.  He  has  always  been  a  conservative, 
active  in  politics  and  municipal  affairs.  In  Vancouver  he  was  made  chairman  of 
Ward  i  Conservative  Association  and  has  since  filled  the  intermediate  offices  until 
he  is  now  president  of  the  Vancouver  Conservative  Association  for  1913.  He  is 
now  serving  his  fourth  year  as  a  member  of  the  board  of  license  commissioners, 
during  the  first  two  years  as  a  government  appointee  and  during  the  last  two 
by  election  of  the  people.  His  public  record  is  most  commendable,  indicating 
his  devotion  to  the  general  welfare  and  his  loyalty  to  all  that  works  for  the 
betterment  of  city  and  province.  He  is  also  widely  known  in  fraternal  circles. 
Since  1891  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  and  has 
ever  taken  an  active  part  in  the  work  of  that  society.  He  was  first  elected 
high  chief  ranger  of  the  high  court  of  British  Columbia  and  was  active  in  its 
formation.  He  represented  this  province  at  two  supreme  court  conventions,  one 
at  Los  Angeles,  California,  in  1898,  and  the  other  in  Atlantic  City,  New  Jersey, 
in  1902.  He  is  a  typical  'representative  of  his  age  and  district.  He  carries  for- 
ward to  successful  completion  whatever  he  undertakes  and  as  the  years  go  by 
his  labors  have  been  effective  forces  for  success  not  only  in  business  lines  but 
in  behalf  of  municipal  advancement  and  general  improvement. 


WILLIAM  ADOLPHUS  AKHURST. 

It  has  been  said  that  Europe  has  her  history  while  America  is  making  hers. 
This  is  especially  true  of  the  west,  where  each  year  sees  a  greatly  increased 
population  and  substantially  established  and  developed  business  enterprises.  One 
of  the  most  extensive  and  important  of  the  commercial  interests  of  the  province 
is  the  Vancouver  branch  of  the  Canadian  Fairbanks  Morse  Company,  of  which 
William  Adolphus  Akhurst  is  the  manager.  He  is  alert,  wide-awake  and  readily 
recognizes  conditions  and  the  possibilities  of  a  business  situation,  and  in  estab- 
lishing and  developing  the  extensive  undertaking  of  which  he  is  now  the  mana- 
ger he  has  proven  his  right  to  rank  with  the  representative  men  of  this  class 
in  the  community. 

A  native  of  Quebec,  Mr.  Akhurst  was  born  at  Coaticook,  January  12,  1878, 
his  parents  being  Robert  and  Alice  (Hunt)  Akhurst.  The  father  came  from 
Eltam,  Kent,  England,  to  Canada  about  1870,  and  settled  at  Coaticook,  where  he 
engaged  in  the  agricultural  implement  business,  in  which  he  still  continues.  He 
was  married  there  to  Miss  Alice  Hunt,  whose  people  also  came  from  England 
and  settled  in  Quebec. 

At  the  usual  age  William  Adolphus  Akhurst  entered  the  public  schools,  pass- 
ing through  consecutive  grades  of  the  grammar  and  high  schools,  while  later  he 
pursued  a  course  in  mechanical  engineering  through  the  International  Corre- 
spondence Schools  of  Scranton,  Pennsylvania.  Following  the  completion  of  his 
course  in  1893  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  firm  of  Sleeper  &  Akhurst  at  Coati- 
cook, remaining  with  them  until  1900,  when  he  became  draughtsman  for  the  Ca- 
nadian Rand  Company  at  Sherbrooke,  Quebec.  He  was  in  that  position  until  July, 

1903,  when  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Vancouver  branch  of  the  Canadian  Fair- 
banks Morse  Company,  Ltd.,  as  salesman,  acting  in  that  capacity  until  October  i, 

1904,  when  he  was  made  assistant  manager  of  the  Vancouver  branch  and  so  con- 
tinued until  the  ist  of  January,  1906.     From  that  date  until  the  I7th  of  Sep- 
tember he  was  acting  manager  and  was  then  made  manager  of  the  business  in 
this  province.     The  Canadian  Fairbanks  Morse  Company,  Ltd.,  is  the  selling 
agent  for  the  product  of  the  various   Fairbanks   Morse   factories  in   Canada, 
which  includes  the  output  of  the   Fairbanks   Morse   Canadian   Manufacturing 
Company  at  Toronto  which  manufactures  gasoline  engines,  steam  pumps  and 
mining   machinery;   the   E.    &   T.    Fairbanks    Company,    Ltd.,    at    Sherbrooke, 
Quebec,  which  manufactures  scales,  valves  and  brass  goods;  and  the  Dominion 


476  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

Safe  &  Vault  Company,  manufacturers  of  safes  and  vaults,  wood  split  pulleys, 
trucks,  etc.  The  home  of  the  company  is  at  Montreal.  They  maintain  stores 
and  warehouses  at  St.  John,  New  Brunswick;  Montreal,  Quebec;  Toronto, 
Ontario;  Winnipeg,  Manitoba;  Saskatoon,  Saskatchewan;  Calgary,  Alberta; 
and  in  Victoria  and  Vancouver,  British  Columbia.  The  branch  at  Vancouver 
of  which  Mr.  Akhurst  is  the  manager  is  the  largest  outside  the  home  office.  They 
conduct  an  extensive  business  under  the  guidance  of  Mr.  Akhurst  arid  the  terri- 
tory covers  all  of  British  Columbia  and  the  Yukon.  They  have  at  present 
under  construction  in  Vancouver  a  new  building  which  will  have  the  largest 
floor  space  devoted  to  display  and  sale  of  machinery  in  America.  It  has  been  largely 
through  the  efforts,  enterprise  and  capability  of  Mr.  Akhurst  that  the  business 
in  Vancouver  has  reached  its  present  mammoth  proportions.  His  familiarity 
with  the  trade  in  all  of  its  different  phases  enabled  him  to  direct  the  policy  of  the 
new  house  in  such  a  manner  as  to  secure  substantial  results.  Energy,  enterprise 
and  determination  have  been  incorporated  as  factors  in  every  branch  of  the 
business  here  and  moreover  Mr.  Akhurst  displays  notable  power  in  bringing 
about  harmonious  results  from  seemingly  diverse  conditions.  He  possesses  in 
large  measure  that  quality  which  for  want  of  a  better  term  has  been  called 
commercial  sense,  and  he  seems  to  grasp  with  almost  intuitive  perception  the 
strong  points  and  the  possibilities  of  any  business  situation. 

On  the  2 ist  of  June,  1906,  at  Coaticook,  Mr.  Akhurst  was  married  to  Miss 
Winifred  E.  Nunns,  a  daughter  of  F.  H.  Nunns,  the  owner  of  woolen  mills  at 
that  place,  where  he  is  also  engaged  in  merchandising  and  in  the  general  insur- 
ance business.  Air.  and  Mrs.  Akhurst  have  one  child,  Francis  Robert. 

Their  social  position  is  one  of  prominence  and  Mr.  Akhurst  is  a  popular 
member  of  the  Vancouver  and  Terminal  City  Clubs.  He  is  also  an  enthusiastic 
yachtsman  and  is  a  member  of  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Club.  He  owns 
a  fine  cruising  power  boat  forty  feet  over  all,  magnificently  finished  and  fully 
equipped  for  cruising,  and  in  it  he  takes  many  coastwise  trips,  affording  him 
great  pleasure  and  the  needed  recreation  from  the  onerous  duties  and  responsi- 
bilities that  devolve  upon  him  in  connection  with  his  extensive  business  interests. 


JOHN  BELL  CAMPBELL. 

The  history  of  a  country  is  no  longer  a  record  of  wars  and  conquests,  nor  does 
it  record  the  subjugation  of  one  nation  by  another.  It  is  the  story  of  man's  con- 
quest over  matter,  his  utilization  of  natural  resources  and  business  opportunities, 
and  the  real  upbuilders  of  a  city  or  district  are  therefore  the  men  who  are  most 
active  in  its  business  affairs.  In  this  connection  John  Bell  Campbell  should  be 
mentioned  as  the  president  of  The  Campbell  Storage  Company,  Limited,  of 
Vancouver.  He  was  born  in  Woodville,  Ontario,  November  21,  1856,  and  is  a 
son  of  Gregor  and  Mary  (Bell)  Campbell,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Ontario, 
born  within  a  few  miles  of  Woodville.  In  early  manhood  Gregor  Campbell 
learned  the  trade  of  carriage  building  and  later  established  himself  in  that  business, 
in  which  he  continued  for  many  years.  In  1891  he  disposed  of  his  interests  there 
and  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  lived  retired  until  his  death.  His  wife  has 
also  passed  away.  They  had  a  family  of  five  sons,  of  whom  J.  B.  Campbell  is 
the  eldest.  The  others  are:  Peter,  of  Vancouver;  Charles,  also  a  member  of 
The  Campbell  Storage  Company,  Limited,  of  Vancouver;  Archibald,  who  for 
a  time  made  his  home  in  Vancouver  but  is  now  a  resident  of  Toronto ;  and 
Gregor,  a  broker  of  Vancouver. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  J.  B.  Campbell  pursued  his  education 
and  at  the  age  of  fifteen  years  began  to  learn  the  blacksmith  trade  in  his  home 
town,  following  that  pursuit  until  twenty-three  years  of  age.  He  then  married 
and  in  the  spring  of  1880  removed  to  Creston,  Iowa,  where  he  entered  the  employ 
of  the  Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy  Railroad  Company.  In  the  fall  of  1883  he 


JOHN  B.  CAMPBELL 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  479 

removed  to  Des  Moines,  where  he  was  made  foreman  and  given  charge  of  the 
blacksmithing  department  of  the  Wabash  Railroad,  continuing  at  that  place  until 
February,  1885.  He  was  a  resident  of  Des  Moines  at  the  time  of  the  dedication 
of  the  Iowa  state  capitol.  In  1885  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Missouri  Pacific 
at  Atchison,  Kansas,  in  the  capacity  in  which  he  had  previously  served.  While 
residing  in  the  United  States  he  was  a  sturdy  advocate  of  democratic  principles 
and  a  strong  supporter  of  Grover  Cleveland  for  a  second  term  as  president.  He 
took  an  active  part  in  politics  while  a  resident  of  Atchison  and  for  two  years 
served  as  a  member  of  the  council  of  that  city.  He  continued  with  the  Missouri 
Pacific  until  the  spring  of  1898,  when  he  returned  to  Canada,  settling  in  Van- 
couver. This  was  at  the  time  of  the  gold  rush  to  the  Klondike  and  he  was  en  route 
to  Dawson  but  stopping,  as  he  supposed,  for  a  brief  period  in  Vancouver,  he 
decided  to  remain  and  in  the  spring  of  1899  embarked  in  the  storage  business.  In 
this  undertaking  he  met  with  growing  success  and  in  1910  organized  The  Camp- 
bell Storage  Company,  Limited,  which  was  incorporated  with  J.  B.  Campbell 
as  the  president ;  his  brother,  Gregor  L.  Campbell,  as  the  vice  president ;  and  his 
son,  Charles  E.  Campbell,  as  the  secretary  and  manager ;  while  his  son,  John  G., 
and  brother  Charles  were  directors.  Since  starting  in  this  business  Mr.  Camp- 
bell has  given  his  entire  attention  thereto  and  his  close  application  and  energy 
have  constituted  the  salient  features  in  his  increasing  prosperity.  The  Campbell 
Storage  Company,  Limited,  today  has  five  warehouses  and  constitutes  the  largest 
individual  storage  concern  in  Canada  and  one  of  the  largest  in  America.  Its 
agents  are  found  in  every  part  of  the  civilized  world.  Plans  are  now  being  made 
'for  a  fireproof  furniture  storage  warehouse  with  special  vaults  for  storing  silver- 
ware and  valuables  and  specially  constructed,  locked  private  rooms  for  people 
who  wish  free  access  to  their  goods  and  at  the  same  time  ample  protection. 

Official  duties  now  devolve  upon  Mr.  Campbell,  for  in  June,  1910,  he  was 
appointed  by  the  government  as  shipping  master  for  the  port  of  Vancouver.  He 
is  a  liberal  in  politics  and  was  always  an  active  worker  in  the  party  ranks  until 
he  entered  the  government  service.  He  was  a  member  of  the  city  council  of 
Vancouver  for  the  years  1907,  1908,  1909  and  1911  and  exercised  his  official 
prerogatives  in  support  of  many  measures  which  were  matters  of  civic  virtue 
and  civic  pride.  In  1909  he  was  a  candidate  for  the  provincial  parliament  but 
met  defeat  with  the  remainder  of  the  ticket.  For  four  years  he  was  a  member 
of  the  fire  and  police  committee  and  for  one  year  acted  as  its  chairman.  He  has 
always  been  especially  interested  in  the  police  and  fire  department  and  it  is  largely 
due  to  his  efforts  that  Vancouver  has  one  of  the  best  fire  outfits  in  the  Dominion. 
The  equipment  now  consists  of  eighteen  pieces,  including  hose  wagons,  chemicals, 
aerial  trucks  and  one  self-propelling  steam  engine.  The  aerial  trucks  reach  a 
height  of  eighty-five  feet.  ,  The  first  modern  equipment  of  the  department  con- 
sisted of  two  hose  carts  and  a  chemical  engine  of  automobile  type. 

On  the  6th  of  October,  1879,  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  Mr.  Campbell  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  E.  Sidey,  a  native  of  Ontario,  and  they  became  the 
parents  of  two  sons,  John  G.  and  Charles  E.  John  G.  Campbell  was  born  in 
Creston,  Iowa,  on  the  i6th  of  August,  1880,  and  acquired  his  education  in  the 
graded  and  high  schools  of  Atchison,  Kansas.  He  was  for  several  years  engaged 
in  the  wholesale  produce  business  at  Vancouver  and  subsequently  spent  two  years 
in  Dawson  City  and  Yukon.  For  the  past  five  years,  however,  he  has  assisted  his 
father  in  the  conduct  of  his  business  at  Vancouver,  now  holding  the  office  of  vice 
president  of  The  Campbell  Storage  Company,  Limited,  and  also  acting  as  man- 
ager of  the  distributing  department.  On  the  i8th  of  December,  1912,  he  wedded 
Miss  Edna  Parker,  a  daughter  of  John  Parker,  of  Guelph.  Ontario.  Fraternally 
he  is  identified  with  the  Woodmen  of  the  World,  while  his  religious  faith  is  that 
of  the  Presbyterian  church. 

Charles  E.  Campbell,  who  was  born  in  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  on  the  i6th  of  May, 
1885,  began  his  education  in  the  United  States  but  subsequently  continued  his 
studies  at  Vancouver.  For  ten  years  he  was  connected  with  the  Corticelli  Silk 
Company,  Limited,  of  Montreal,  acting  for  six  years  of  that  period  as  manager 


480  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

for  Alberta  and  Saskatchewan.  In  1910  he  became  secretary  and  manager  for 
The  Campbell  Storage  Company,  Limited,  and  has  since  ably  served  in  this 
important  dual  position.  On  the  5th  of  June,  1912,  he  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Ethel  Bernice  Wilson,  a  daughter  of  George  and  Sarah  Wilson,  of 
Spring  Hill,  Nova  Scotia.  He  is  a  worthy  exemplar  of  the  Masonic  fraternity, 
belonging  to  Mount  Hermon  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  is  likewise  a  member 
of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Progress,  Press  and  Rotary 
clubs.  For  the  past  ten  years  he  has  been  an  active  worker  in  the  local  ranks 
of  the  liberal  party,  now  serving  as  secretary  of  the  Vancouver  City  and  District 
Liberal  Association  and  as  secretary  of  the  British  Columbia  Liberal  Association. 
His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian  church. 

John  B.  Campbell  is  a  man  of  domestic  tastes  and  divides  his  time  largely 
between  his  home  and  his  office.  His  love  of  flowers  is  manifest  and  finds  expres- 
sion in  the  beautiful  gardens  surrounding  his  home  in  Linn  valley,  where  he  has 
two  acres  of  land.  He  belongs  to  Mount  Hermon  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  to 
the  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen.  In  the  midst  of  a  busy  life,  devoted 
to  important  business  interests  and  official  service,  he  yet  finds  time  and  oppor- 
tunity for  the  higher,  holier  duties  and  is  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Presbyterian 
church,  in  which  for  several  years  he  has  filled  the  office  of  elder.  His  life  in 
every  respect  conforms  to  his  religious  professions  and  has  commanded  for  him 
the  esteem  and  honor  of  his  fellowmen.  Mr.  Campbell  is  five  feet  eleven  inches 
in  height  and  weighs  one  hundred  and  eighty-five  pounds. 


HARRY  R.  GODFREY. 

Harry  R.  Godfrey,  well  known  in  mercantile  circles  in  Vancouver,  a  dealer 
in  sporting  goods,  is  a  representative  of  that  class  of  enterprising  young  business 
men  to  whom  the  west  owes  its  rapid  upbuilding  and  substantial  improvement. 
He  was  born  in  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  in  1880,  a  son  of  Thomas  B.  and  Lizzie 
(Rowell)  Godfrey,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Ontario,  where  they  were 
reared  and  married.  The  grandfather,  Thomas  Godfrey,  was  colonel  of  a  regi- 
ment that  participated  in  the  Fenian  raid,  and  the  father,  Thomas  B.  Godfrey, 
served  as  a  corporal  in  defense  of  his  country's  interests  at  that  time,  both  father 
and  grandfather  winning  medals  by  reason  of  their  loyalty  and  bravery.  Re- 
moving from  Ontario  to  Winnipeg,  Thomas  B.  Godfrey  there  engaged  in  the 
hardware  business  for  about  eight  years  and  in  1888  came  to  Vancouver,  where 
he  again  established  a  hardware  store,  becoming  one  of  the  pioneer  merchants  of 
this  city.  For  fifteen  years  he  was  actively  connected  with  the  trade  interests  of 
Vancouver,  but  in  1903  sold  out  and  now  lives  retired  in  Vancouver.  His  wife 
passed  away  in  1905. 

Harry  R.  Godfrey  was  a  lad  of  eight  years  when  the  family  removed  to  the 
coast  country,  and  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  Vancouver  he  pursued  his 
education  until  graduated  from  the  high  school  with  the  class  of  1897.  He  after- 
ward spent  six  months  in  his  father's  store  and  subsequently  was  employed  in 
the  wholesale  fruit  and  produce  house  of  F.  R.  Stewart  for  a  year.  Later  he 
was  employed  in  a  sporting  goods  store  on  Cordova  street  for  two  years  and  in 
the  fall  of  1902  he  embarked  in  business  in  the  same  line  on  his  own  account  at 
No.  163  Cordova  street,  West.  At  the  end  of  a  year  he  removed  to  the  corner 
of  Cordova  and  Cambie  streets.  Owing  to  his  increasing  business,  which  created 
the  need  for  larger  and  more  suitable  quarters,  he  removed  to  his  present  loca- 
tion at  No.  132  Hastings  street,  West,  in  June,  1906,  and  here  carries  a  full  line 
of  sporting  goods,  canoes,  etc. 

Mr.  Godfrey  is  active  in  all  kinds  of  athletic  and  modern  outdoor  sports  and 
has  for  the  past  three  years  been  captain  of  the  Vancouver  lacrosse  team.  He  is 
also  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Rowing  Club  and  Vancouver  Athletic  Club. 
His  political  support  is  given  to  the  conservative  party  and  he  is  a  member  of 


HARRY  R.  GODFREY 


483 

the  Wesley  Methodist  Episcopal  church.  A  wife  and  two  interesting  children 
share  his  home.  He  was  married  in  Vancouver,  April  10,  1907,  to  Miss  Viroqua 
E.  Bouser,  a  daughter  of  Captain  John  H.  Bouser,  one  of  the  best  known  river 
steamboat  men  of  British  Columbia,  who  ran  on  the  Skeena  and  Upper  Eraser 
rivers  for  many  years,  but  is  now  retired.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Godfrey  have  two 
children,  Margaret  Bouser  and  Viroqua  Elizabeth.  While  a  young  man  Mr. 
Godfrey  has  already  won  for  himself  a  position  in  commercial  circles  that  many 
an  older  man  might  well  envy,  and  the  enterprise  and  ability  which  he  displays 
argue  well  for  a  successful  future. 


° 


FRANK  B.  LEWIS. 


Frank  B.  Lewis,  managing  director  of  the  Provincial  Guarantee  &  Trust 
Company  of  Vancouver,  was  born  in  Shropshire,  England,  October  5,  1876,  a 
son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  (Davis)  Lewis,  the  former  of  whom  came  to  Canada 
in  1893,  settling  at  Revelstoke,  British  Columbia,  where  he  engaged  in  farming, 
and  still  resides  there. 

Frank  B.  Lewis  pursued  his  education  in  private  schools  of  Shropshire  until 
he  accompanied  his  parents  to  the  new  world  and  became  a  resident  of  Revel- 
stoke.  He  afterward  turned  his  attention  to  the  real-estate  and  financial  broker- 
age business  there  and  remained  a  factor  in  that  field  of  activity  until  1908, 
when  he  came  to  Vancouver.  The  following  year  he  organized  with  Revelstoke 
capital  the  Provincial  Guarantee  &  Trust  Company,  of  which  he  became  man- 
aging director,  and  so  continues.  This  company  is  engaged  in  the  general  insur- 
ance and  financial  brokerage  business,  acts  as  trustee  and  manager  of  estates, 
and  does  a  general  mortgage  and  loan  business.  Its  clientage  is  large  and  the 
interests  entrusted  to  its  care  are  of  an  important  character.  The  members  of 
the  firm  have  proven  themselves  worthy  of  public  trust  and  capable  of  managing 
important  business  interests,  and  their  success  has  grown  with  the  passing  years. 
Mr.  Lewis  has  also  various  other  financial  interests  and  the  consensus  of  public- 
opinion  classes  him  among  the  men  of  sound  judgment,  of  keen  discrimination, 
f  strong  initiative  and  unfaltering  enterprise. 

Mr.  Lewis  took  an  important  part  in  the  civic  and  business  life  of  Revelstoke 
during  his  residence  there.  He  was  alderman  of  the  city  for  three  terms  and  was 
president  of  the  Board  of  Trade  for  a  year.  In  politics  he  has  always  been  a 
liberal,  but  is  not  an  active  worker  in  party  ranks,  nor  does  he  seek  or  desire 
office.  The  Church  of  England  numbers  him  among  its  members,  as  does  the 
Masonic  Lodge,  the  Terminal  City  Club  of  Vancouver  and  the  Revelstoke  Club. 
In  1900  he  was  married  to  Miss  Bertha  Powell,  of  Liverpool,  England,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Frederick  and  Elizabeth  Powell,  and  their  children  are  Frank,  George  and 
Henry.  The  progressive  business  spirit  so  characteristic  of  the  last  quarter  of 
a  century  finds  its  exemplification  in  the  life  record  of  Mr.  Lewis,  and  the  success 
hich  is  his  is  the  merited  reward  of  his  efforts. 


JULIUS  A.  TEPOORTEN. 

Commercial  enterprise  finds  a  representative  in  lulius  A.  Tepoorten,  whole- 
sale dealer  in  drugs  in  Vancouver.  He  has  been  identified  with  the  province  for 
more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  and  since  1909  has  conducted  his  present 
business,  which  is  one  of  the  growing  mercantile  enterprises  of  the  city.  Mr. 
Tepo6rten  was  born  in  Adrian,  Michigan,  in  1867,  a  son  of  Bernard  Tepoorten, 
ho  arrived  in  the  United  States  in  1850.  He  was  engaged  in  railroad  work 
d  continued  to  make  his  home  in  Michigan  until  called  to  his  final  rest. 


484  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

Julius  A.  Tepoorten  completed  his  education  in  Sandwich  College  at  Wind- 
sor, Ontario,  and  was  then  apprenticed  to  James  E.  Davis  &  Company,  whole-- 
sale druggists  of  Detroit.  In  that  connection  he  thoroughly  mastered  the  drug 
business  and  in  this  line  of  trade  has  always  continued,  his  success  being  due 
in  considerable  measure  to  the  fact  that  he  has  concentrated  his  efforts  upon 
one  field  and  has  thoroughly  mastered  the  business  in  its  different  branches. 

In  1887  he  came  to  Victoria,  where  he  engaged  with  Langley  &  Co.,  whole- 
sale druggists,  as  a  traveling  salesman.  In  the  interests  of  the  business  he  vis- 
ited all  parts  of  the  province,  being  one  of  the  first  three  traveling  salesmen  in 
British  Columbia.  He  represented  that  house  continuously  and  successfully 
until  the  spring  of  1909,  when  he  resigned  and  organized  the  present  wholesale 
drug  house  of  J.  A.  Tepoorten,  Limited,  of  which  he  is  sole  proprietor.  This 
business  is  now  located  at  No.  308  Water  street.  Its  ramifying  trade  interests 
are  constantly  covering  broader  territory  and  the  business  of  the  house  now 
reaches  out  to  all  parts  of  the  province.  Mr.  Tepoorten  directs  the  policy 
and  manages  the  interests  of  the  business  and  in  the  conduct  of  his  establishment 
has  always  maintained  the  highest  standards  in  the  personnel  of  the  business, 
in  the  line  of  goods  carried  and  in  the  service  rendered  to  its  patrons. 

In  1888,  in  the  state  of  Washington,  Mr.  Tepoorten  was  married  to  Miss 
Mary  Dolan,  of  Bay  City,  Michigan,  and  they  have  become  parents  of  ten  chil- 
dren :  Edwin  J.  and  Darrell  J.,  who  are  associated  in  business  with  their  father ; 
Elmer,  Leonard,  Geraldine,  Frank,  Lewis  and  Robert,  all  living,  and  Leo  and 
Francis,  twins,  deceased. 

Mr.  Tepoorten  possesses  in  large  measure  that  quality  which  has  been  termed 
the  commercial  sense.  In  other  words,  he  readily  discriminates  between  the 
essential  and  the  nonessential  in  trade  relations  and  so  utilizes  and  directs  his 
efforts  and  his  opportunities  as  to  produce  excellent  results.  From  a  compara- 
tively humble  position  in  the  business  world  he  has  constantly  advanced  and  now 
occupies  an  enviable  place  in  mercantile  circles  in  his  adopted  city. 


WILLIAM  MACLEOD. 

Among  the  men  who  have  for  the  past  fifteen  years  been  closely  connected 
with  the  business  interests  of  New  Westminster  and  whose  well  directed  activi- 
ties have  been  important  forces  in  the  general  commercial  and  financial  develop- 
ment of  the  city  is  William  MacLeod,  who  in  April,  1912,  retired  from  the  firm 
of  MacLeod  &  Bacchus,  general  real-estate,  insurance  and  financial  brokers,  and 
since  that  time  has  given  his  attention  to  the  supervision  of  his  realty  interests 
and  of  the  affairs  of  the  business  and  corporate  concerns  in  which  he  is  inter- 
ested. He  was  born  in  Scotch  Ridge,  Charlotte  county,  New  Brunswick,  June 
14,  1870,  and  is  a  son  of  John  M.  and  Mary  E.  (Gleason)  MacLeod,  the  former 
a  son  of  Captain  William  MacLeod,  who  emigrated  to  Canada  from  Sutherland- 
shire,  Scotland,  in  1804  and  settled  on  the  St.  Croix  river  at  Scotch  Ridge,  in 
Charlotte  county,  New  Brunswick.  He  was  one  of  the  pioneers  in  that  vicinity, 
having  been  a  member  of  the  first  party  of  settlers  who  made  that  county  their 
home.  For  a  number  of  years  thereafter  he  followed  shipbuilding  and  also  en- 
gaged in  farming,  later  concentrating  his  attention  upon  this  latter  line  of  work. 
For  many  years  he  resided  upon  the  farm  which  he  took  up  as  a  government 
claim  and  upon  this  property  his  death  occurred.  His  son,  John  M.  MacLeod, 
was  born  upon  the  homestead  and  upon  reaching  manhood  also  turned  his  at- 
tention to  farming,  an  occupation  in  which  he  is  still  engaged. 

William  MacLeod  acquired  his  education  in  the  country  schools  of  Charlotte 
county  and  when  he  was  still  a  boy  laid  aside  his  books  and  entered  the  em- 
ploy of  James  Murchine  in  the  lumber  shipping  business  at  St.  Stephens,  New 
Brunswick,  learning  the  details  of  this  occupation  and  remaining  there  five  years. 
At  the  end  of  that  time  he  entered  the  employ  of  A.  H.  Sawyer,  also  a  lumber 


WILLIAM  MACLEOD 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  487 

shipper  at  St.  Stephens,  and  remained  in  this  position  until  1896.  In  1898  he 
came  to  British  Columbia,  locating  at  Vancouver.  Here  he  became  connected 
with  the  Hastings  sawmill  and  remained  eight  months,  or  until  the  plant  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire.  In  February  of  the  following  year  he  turned  his  attention  to 
the  life  insurance  business,  becoming  agent  for  the  Great  West  Life  Insurance 
Company,  his  territory  comprising  all  of  the  New  Westminster  and  Fraser  val- 
ley districts.  Mr.  MacLeod  made  his  home  in  New  Westminster,  where  he  has 
since  continued  to  reside.  He  was  actively  engaged  in  writing  life  insurance 
until  1906,  when  he  entered  into  partnership  with  S.  F.  Mark  and  E.  W.  Bacchus 
under  the  name  of  MacLeod,  Mark  &  Company.  The  firm  carried  on  a  general 
real-estate,  insurance  and  financial  brokerage  business  in  New  Westminster,  their 
association  continuing  until  March,  1911,  when  Mr.  Mark  retired,  the  firm  then 
being  known  as  MacLeod  &  Bacchus.  It  continued  thus  until  April,  1912,  when 
Mr.  MacLeod  retired,  and  the  concern  is  now  conducted  as  E.  W.  Bacchus  & 
Company.  Since  that  time  Mr.  MacLeod  has  given  all  of  his  attention  to  the 
supervision  of  his  personal  interests,  being  an  extensive  holder  of  real  estate. 
He  is  known  as  a  man  of  resouce,  energy  and  ability,  whose  sagacity  is  far- 
reaching,  whose  business  integrity  is  unquestioned  and  who  possesses,  more- 
over, the  faculty  of  carrying  forward  to  successful  completion  whatever  he 
undertakes. 

On  the  nth  of  October,  1906,  Mr.  MacLeod  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Annie  May  Clarke,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Elizabeth  (Blackmore)  Clarke,  of 
Newcastle,  New  Brunswick.  Mr.  MacLeod  is  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  church 
and  is  a  man  of  exemplary  character,  taking  an  active  interest  in  the  promotion 
of  the  cause  of  temperance,  in  which  he  is  a  prominent  worker.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Citizens  League  of  New  Westminster  and  connected  also  with  various 
other  temperance  societies,  his  work  being  one  of  the  most  important  single 
forces  in  the  spread  of  temperance  in  the  city.  Mr.  MacLeod  is  a  member 
of  the  Board  of  Trade  and  has  always  been  active  in  the  support  of  every  measure 
looking  toward  the  commercial  development  and  expansion  of  the  city.  His 
enterprise  and  industry  have  carried  him  forward  into  important  relations  with 
business  affairs  and  he  has  won  for  himself  an  enviable  reputation  by  his  reli- 
ability and  trustworthiness  in  every  connection  in  which  he  has  been  found. 


CHARLES  SYDNEY  ARNOLD. 

Charles  Sydney  Arnold,  a  barrister  of  Vancouver,  was  born  at  Moosomin, 
Saskatchewan,  November  5,  1884,  a  son  of  Edward  and  Clara  (Jack)  Arnold. 
The  father  was  a  shoe  manufacturer  of  London  and  in  1883  came  to  Canada, 
settling  at  Moosomin,  Saskatchewan,  where  he  engaged  in  farming  until  his 
retirement  in  1898.  He  then  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  spent  his  remaining 
days  in  the  enjoyment  of  well  earned  rest,  passing  away  in  1910. 

His  son,  Charles  S.  Arnold,  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  Moosomin  and 
was  a  lad  of  fourteen  years  when,  in  1899,  he  came  with  his  parents  to  Van- 
couver. Here  he  was  articled  in  the  legal  profession  to  the  Hon.  W.  J.  Bowser, 
K.  ('.,  in  1900  and  studied  under  him  until  the  close  of  the  year  1908.  Having 
in  June  of  that  year  been  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia,  he  entered  upon 
an  independent  practice  and  for  three  months  remained  alone.  On  the  expi- 
ration of  that  period  he  formed  a  partnership  with  S.  D.  Schultz  under  the  name 
of  Schultz  &  Arnold,  which  continued  until  October,  1912,  when  the  associa- 
tion was  dissolved.  Mr.  Arnold  has  since  again  been  alone  and  now  has 
a  good  clientage,  which  is  constantly  growing  in  volume  and  importance.  He 
has  been  connected  with  considerable  notable  litigation,  prepares  his  cases  with 
thoroughness  and  care,  and  in  their  presentation  is  strong  in  argument  and 
logical  in  his  deductions.  He  is  seldom,  if  ever,  at  fault  in  the  application  of  a 
legal  principle,  and  has  won  for  himself  an  enviable  reputation  as  one  of  the 


488  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

younger  members  of  the  bar.  He  also  has  various  financial  interests  which  have 
been  judiciously  placed. 

On  the  loth  of  November,  1906,  at  Bellingham,  Washington,  Mr.  Arnold 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Pearlie  Jane  Squarebriggs,  a  daughter  of  J.  C. 
Squarebriggs,  and  their  children  are  Sydney,  Eleanor  and  Maude. 

In  politics  Mr.  Arnold  is  a  conservative.  He  is  a  charter  member  of  the 
Duke  of  Connaught  Lodge,  No.  64,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver,  of  which  he 
was  one  of  the  organizers  and  the  first  member  initiated  therein.  He  is  likewise 
a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  and  of  the  Anglican  church. 
He  has  always  been  a  resident  of  the  west  and  is  possessed  of  the  spirit  of 
enterprise  and  advancement  characteristic  of  this  section  of  the  country.  More- 
over, he  is  deeply  interested  in  the  work  of  public  progress  and  improvement 
and  his  efforts  are  bringing  him  merited  success  in  the  field  of  his  chosen  calling. 


FRANK  LAWRENCE  KERR. 

The  popular  proprietor  of  one  of  the  most  popular  places  of  entertainment 
in  New  Westminster,  Frank  Lawrence  Kerr,  is  widely  and  favorably  known  in 
this  city  as  owner  of  the  Edison  Theatre,  with  which  he  ha's  been  identified  for 
several  years.  An  enterprising  young  man,  largely  self-educated  and  acquainted 
with  the  tastes  of  the  people  and  theif  demand  for  clean,  entertaining,  instruc- 
tive productions,  he  has  made  a  decided  success  of  his  venture  and  his  house 
of  entertainment  must  be  ranked  even  as  an  educational  asset  in  community 
life. 

Born  in  St.  Stephen,  New  Brunswick,  on  March  n,  1883,  Frank  Lawrence 
Kerr  is  a  son  of  Henry  Allen  and  Prudence  (Dauphinee)  Kerr,  natives  of  Hali- 
fax, Nova  Scotia.  About  1893  they  came  to  British  Columbia,  locating  in 
New  Westminster,  where  the  father  was  successfully  engaged  in  the  lumber 
business  up  to  the  time  of  his  death  in  1909.  He  was  prominent  in  fraternal 
organizations  of  the  city,  belonging  to  the  Loyal  Order  of  Orangemen  and  the 
Canadian  Order  of  Foresters.  The  mother  is  still  surviving. 

Frank  L.  Kerr  received  but  a  limited  common-school  education,  laying  aside 
school  work  at  the  age  of  ten  years,  when  he  began  upon  his  independent  career, 
entering  upon  a  position  in  a  sash  and  door  factory.  He  subsequently  learned 
the  carpenter's  trade  and  was  later  employed  in  a  shingle  mill.  The  opportuni- 
ties offered  in  trade  lines,  however,  did  not  loom  large  to  him  and  in  1901  he 
decided  to  embark  in  the  vaudeville  business,  being  successfully  identified  with 
putting  on  productions  of  that  character  for  the  succeeding  two  or  three  years. 
In  1906  he  established  himself  in  the  picture  show  business  and  has  since  been 
so  engaged  with  such  success  that  he  is  today  proprietor  of  the  popular  and 
largely  patronized  Edison  Theatre.  This  place  is  well  appointed,  comfortable 
and  from  every  point  of  view  sanitary  and  safe.  His  films  are  carefully  selected 
with  a  view  toward  humorous  entertainment,  dramatic  effect  and  educational 
value.  That  this  happy  combination  finds  appreciation,  thereof  his  large  audi- 
ences stand  as  testimonial. 

On  February  21,  1910,  in  New  Westminster,  Mr.  Kerr,  married  Miss  Hazel 
Edna  Boutiler,  a  daughter  of  Frank  Boutiler,  of  New  Westminster,  who  is  par- 
ticularly prominent  in  Masonic  circles.  The  religious  faith  of  Mr.  Kerr  is  that 
of  the  Church  of  England  and  his  modern  and  aggressive  tendencies  find  expres- 
sion in  his  membership  in  the  Westminster  Progressive  Association.  Fraternally 
he  is  connected  with  and  popular  in  the  Canadian  Order  of  Foresters  and  the 
Loyal  Order  of  Moose.  Public-spirited  in  the  best  sense  of  the  word,  Mr. 
Kerr  has  become  one  of  the  most  valuable  and  useful  citizens  of  New  West- 
minster, ever  ready  to  gladly  bear  his  share  of  time  and  money  in  promoting 
worthy  public  enterprises  of  permanent  value.  Although  he  is  not  actively  con- 
cerned in  political  affairs,  he  has  become  a  forceful  element  for  good  in  his 


FRANK  L.  KERR 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA 


491 


community  and  interests  himself  along  all  lines  that  make  for  material  growth 
or  the  intellectual  and  moral  upbuilding  of  the  people.  He  is  highly  respected 
and  esteemed  in  circles  of  his  profession  as  well  as  by  the  general  public,  and 
the  success  which  has  come  to  him  and  which  he  has  brought  about  by  his  own 
efforts,  is  well  merited  and  but  the  natural  result  of  his  close  application, 
energy,  industry  and  honesty. 


DOUGLAS  ARMOUR. 

No  history  of  the  legal  profession  in  British  Columbia  would  be  complete 
without  mention  of  Douglas  Armour,  practicing  in  Vancouver  in  connection 
with  the  firm  of  Davis,  Marshall,  .MacNeill  &  Pugh.  In  a  profession  which  has 
an  important  bearing  upon  the  progress  and  prosperity  of  any  community  and 
in  which  advancement  comes  only  in  reward  of  superior  merit  and  ability,  he 
has  made  rapid  and  steady  progress,  and  although  he  has  hardly  reached  the 
prime  of  life  he  has  for  a  number  of  years  ranked  with  the  older  men  whose 
ability  has  gained  them  eminence  in  the  legal  profession  in  this  part  of  the 
province. 

Mr.  Armour  was  born  in  Cobourg,  Ontario,  April  27,  1860,  and  is  a  repre- 
sentative of  a  family  well  known  in  that  province,  his  grandfather,  the  late 
Rev.  Samuel  Armour,  having  been  for  many  years  rector  of  the  Anglican  church 
at  Cavan,  Durham  county.  Douglas  Armour  is  the  eldest  son  of  the  Hon.  John 
and  Eliza  (Clench)  Armour,  of  Cobourg,  the  former  one  of  the  most  dis- 
tinguished and  able  barristers  in  Canada.  The  father  was  born  at  Otonabee, 
Peterboro  county,  Ontario,  May  4,  1830,  and  after  acquiring  a  preliminary 
education  entered  Toronto  University,  from  which  he  was  graduated  with  a 
double  scholarship  and  a  gold  medal  in  the  classics.  He  was  called  to  the  bar  of 
that  province  in  1853  and  began  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Cobourg  as  a 
partner  of  the  late  Hon.  Sidney  Smith.  In  1858  he  was  appointed  crown  attorney 
for  Northumberland  and  Durham;  was  made  clerk  of  the  peace  for  the  same 
counties  in  1861,  and  by  Lord  Monck  was  appointed  Queen's  Counsel  in  1867. 
Previous  to  this  time  he  had  served  as  warden  for  the  United  Counties  and  in 
1859  was  elected  a  senator  of  Toronto  University.  He  served  as  a  bencher 
of  the  Law  Society  in  1871  and  on  November  30,  1877,  was  appointed  a  Fusion 
judge  of  the  court  of  Queen's  bench  on  recommendation  of  Mr.  Blake.  His 
signal  ability  gained  him  promotion  to  the  position  of  president  of  the  court 
by  Sir  John  Macdonald  in  1887,  and  in  May,  1896,  he  was  included  in  a  com- 
mission appointed  to  revise  the  statutes  of  Ontario.  More  than  once  he  declined 
knighthood  and  was  offered  at  one  time  a  seat  in  the  house  of  commons  by  the 
West  Northumberland  district,  which  honor  also  he  refused.  On  the  2d  of 
July,  1900,  he  was  appointed  chief  justice  of  Ontario,  and  was  appointed  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Canada,  November  21,  1902.  Later  he  was  appointed 
one  of  the  Canadian  members  of  the  Alaskan  Boundary  Commission,  but  died 
in  London,  England,  July  n,  1903,  before  he  entered  upon  the  duties  of  that 
position.  He  was  one  of  Ontario's  eminent  and  worthy  citizens  and  in  the 
course  of  a  long  and  prosperous  professional  career  was  identified  with  a  great 
deal  of  important  work  and  left  the  impress  of  his  ability  and  personality  upon 
the  legal  history  of  the  province  and  dominion.  The  mother  of  our  subject 
passed  away  on  the  ist  of  July,  1881. 

After  acquiring  a  private  school  education  Douglas  Armour  attended  Upper 
Canada  College  and  Toronto  University,  receiving  his  degree  of  B.  A.  from  the 
latter  institution  in  1881.  He  studied  law  in  the  office  of  Bethune,  Moss,  Falcon- 
bridge  &  Hoyles  and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  Ontario  in  September,  1884.  He 
practiced  in  Toronto  for  sixteen  years,  his  powers  continually  developing  during 
that  time  and  his  reputation  growing  as  a  resourceful,  able  and  discriminating 

practitioner.     Mr.  Armour  remained  in  Ontario  until   1900  and  then  went  to 
voi.  m—  1 7 


492 

Montreal,  where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Quebec  in  January,  1902.  He 
practiced  in  that  province  until  1908  and  in  that  year  went  to  San  Francisco, 
but  at  the  end  of  four  months  removed  to  Nevada,  where  he  spent  nearly  two 
years  engaged  in  mining.  In  June,  1910,  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  on  January 
nth  of  the  following  year  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia,  practicing 
before  the  courts  of  the  province  since  that  time.  He  is  connected  with  the 
firm  of  Davis,  Marshall,  MacNeill  &  Pugh,  one  of  the  strongest  and  best  known 
law  firms  in  Vancouver,  connected  through  an  extensive  and  representative 
clientage  with  a  great  deal  of  important  litigation.  Mr.  Armour  has  mastered 
the  underlying  principles  of  law,  of  which  he  has  made  a  thorough  and  compre- 
hensive study,  and  he  possesses,  moreover,  the  keen  discrimination,  the  sound 
judgment,  the  incisive  and  analytical  qualities  of  mind  necessary  to  make  his 
knowledge  effective  in  this  field.  He  is  numbered  among  the  leading  barristers 
of  the  city,  his  ability  having  carried  him  forward  into  important  professional 
relations  and  his  knowledge,  enterprise  and  legal  talent  standing  as  a  guarantee 
of  continued  progress  and  greater  distinction  in  his  chosen  field. 

In  Toronto,  Ontario,  on  the  28th  of  December,  1887,  Mr.  Armour  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Agnes  M.  Spratt,  a  daughter  of  Robert  Spratt,  a  prominent 
grain  merchant  of  that  city.  They  are  the  parents  of  four  children:  John 
Douglas,  Stuart  Douglas,  Agnes  Douglas  and  Kate  Douglas. 

Mr.  Armour  is  well  known  in  the  Masonic  fraternity  and  is  a  past  master  of 
Ionic  Lodge,  No.  25,  G.  R.  C,  of  Toronto,  and  past  first  principal  of  St.  Paul's 
Chapter,  No.  65,  G.  R.  C.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  by  his 
integrity  and  honor  in  all  the  relations  of  life  has  gained  a  standing  in  the  com- 
munity where  he  resides  which  is  of  inestimable  value  and  which  is,  moreover, 
highly  deserved. 

NATHANIEL  MITCHELL. 

One  of  the  first  settlers  on  Crescent  island  was  Nathaniel  Mitchell,  who  there 
holds  the  title  to  two  hundred  and  twenty-seven  acres  of  land,  which  he  has  been 
cultivating  for  thirty-eight  years.  A  native  of  England,  his  birth  occurred  in 
Devonshire  on  the  22d  of  September,  1843,  ms  parents  being  Robert  and  Jane 
Mitchell. 

The  boyhood  of  Nathaniel  Mitchell  was  not  passed  in  a  home  of  luxury  and  his 
early  advantages  were  very  limited,  his  school  days  being  terminated  at  the  age  of 
ten  years.  He  then  began  working  under  his  father,  who  was  a  nurseryman,  being 
associated  with  him  until  he  was  sixteen  years  of  age.  Being  qualified  to  take  a 
position  he  next  entered  the  employ  of  Sir  Robert  Newman,  near  Exeter,  England, 
going  from  there  to  Bishop  Philpott's.  He  next  identified  himself  with  the 
Vetches  Nursery  in  London,  being  employed  there  until  1871.  A  longing  to  pursue 
his  career  in  a  different  country  and  amid  new  conditions  caused  him  to  resolve 
to  come  to  America  in  the  latter  year.  He  landed  at  Quebec,  but  soon  thereafter 
resumed  his  journey,  his  next  destination  being  Chicago,  where  he  worked  for 
several  months.  Having  accumulated  sufficient  money  to  proceed  to  British 
Columbia,  he  crossed  the  continent  to  San  Francisco,  whence  he  took  the  boat  for 
Victoria.  When  he  reached  his  destination  his  entire  capital  consisted  of  ten 
cents,  but  as  he  was  young  and  possessed  an  abundance  of  energy  and  vitality,  he 
had  no  apprehensions  regarding  the  future.  He  next  made  his  way  to  what  is  now 
known  as  Westham  island,  where  he  cultivated  some  land  for  his  uncle.  It  was 
his  ambition  to  become  a  property  owner,  and  with  this  purpose  in  mind  he 
strained  every  effort  to  achieve  his  aim.  He  realized  his  desire  in  1874,  at  which 
time  he  came  into  possession  of  the  title  to  his  present  farm,  comprising  two 
hundred  and  twenty-seven  acres.  As  it  was  under  water  about  half  of  the  year 
it  was  little  more  than  a  marsh  covered  with  a  heavy  growth  of  vegetation  and 
small  timber.  He  had  unbounded  faith  in  the  fertility  of  the  land,  however,  and 
diligently  applied  himself  to  preparing  it  for  cultivation.  Owing  to  the  condition 


NATHANIEL  MITCHELL 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  495 

of  the  soil  operations  proceeded  very  slowly,  even  with  three  oxen  hitched  to  the 
plow.  There  were  days  when  it  seemed  as  if  he  had  accomplished  practically 
nothing,  the  cattle  sinking  into  the  mud  up  to  their  knees,  stumbling  and  fall- 
ing down,  sometimes  all  three  being  down  at  once  one  on  top  of  another.  De- 
spite the  many  obstacles  and  difficulties,  however,  he  never  thought  of  giving 
up  his  undertaking.  At  the  same  time  he  was  constructing  dykes  and  clearing  the 
remainder  of  his  holding,  expending  his  efforts  wherever  they  seemed  to  be  most 
needed  and  using  his  time  to  the  best  possible  advantage.  As  his  circumstances 
permitted  he  added  to  the  value  of  his  place  by  the  erection  of  more  substantial 
buildings,  rafting  his  lumber  all  the  way  from  New  Westminster,  a  distance  of 
fifteen  miles,  two  days  sometimes  being  required  to  make  the  trip.  Mr.  Mitchell 
largely  engaged  in  the  raising  of  vegetables  until  the  general  dyking  system  was 
introduced  on  the  island  in  1904,  since  which  time  he  has  been  following  diversified 
farming  and  meeting  with  success. 

In  November,  1876,  Mr.  Mitchell  was  married  to  Miss  Eliza  Stone  of  Exeter, 
Devonshire,  England,  and  to  them  have  been  born  two  children :  Edith  Blanche, 
who  married  Harry  Burr,  of  Crescent  island;  and  Henry  Allen,  who  married 
a  daughter  of  Benjamin  Burr. 

•Mr.  Mitchell  and  his  family  are  members  of  the  Church  of  England,  and  fra- 
ternally he  is  affiliated  with  the  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen.  He  takes  an 
active  interest  in  local  political  affairs,  and  has  served  in  the  Delta  council.  There 
is  probably  no  citizen  on  the  island  who  is  more  familiar  with  the  history  of  the 
pioneer  period  than  Mr.  Mitchell,  who  at  one  time  knew  every  one  in  this  com- 
munity by  name  and  was  acquainted  with  practically  every  member  of  the  first 
legislature  convened  after  the  confederation. 


GORDON  EDWARD  CORBOULD. 

One  of  the  strong  law  firms  of  New  Westminster  is  that  of  Corbould,  Grant 
&  McColl,  of  which  the  subject  of  this  review  is  the  senior  partner.  In  a  pro- 
fession where  advancement  depends  entirely  upon  individual  merit  he  has  steadily 
worked  his  way  upward  and  his  careful  preparation  of  his  cases  and  his  resource- 
fulness and  power  in  their  presentation  have  been  effective  factors  in  the  attain- 
ment of  success.  He  has  practiced  at  the  British  Columbia  bar  since  1882,  coming 
to  the  Pacific  northwest  from  Ontario.  He  was  born  in  the  city  of  Toronto, 
November  2,  1847,  his  parents  being  Charles  and  Mary  Corbould.  The  father, 
who  was  a  member  of  the  British  navy,  was  stationed  on  the  island  of  St. 
Helena  when  Napoleon  was  a  prisoner  there. 

Gordon  Edward  Corbould  pursued  his  education  in  the  model  grammar  school 
and  in  the  Upper  Canada  College  of  Toronto.  He  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
Ontario  in  1872  and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  in  1882.  He 
entered  upon  the  active  practice  of  law  at  Orillia,  Ontario,  as  a  member  of  the 
firm  of  Edgar  Fenton  &  Corbould,  remaining  there  until  May,  1880,  when  he 
came  to  British  Columbia  and  opened  an  office  in  New  Westminster.  In  1884 
he  entered  into  partnership  relations  with  Angus  John  McColl,  who  was  after- 
ward made  chief  justice  of  British  Columbia.  For  a  time  the  partnership  was 
continued  under  the  firm  style  of  Corbould  &  McColl  and  later  they  were  joined 
by  a  third  partner  under  the  firm  name  of  Corbould,  McColl  &  Jenns.  Other 
changes  in  the  partnership  led  to  the  adoption  of  the  firm  names  of  Corbould, 
McColl,  Wilson  &  Campbell,  Corbould,  McColl  &  Forin,  and  Corbould,  Grant 
&  McColl,  the  present  firm  style.  A.  E.  McColl,  who  is  now  a  partner  of  Mr. 
Corbould,  is  a  son  of  the  late  Chief  Justice  McColl.  The  present  premier  of 
British  Columbia,  Sir  Richard  McBride,  served  his  articles  to  Mr.  Corbould.  It 
is  the  theory  of  the  law  that  the  barrister  who  practices  here  should  aid  the 
court  in  the  administration  of  justice,  and  no  member  of  the  profession  at  New 
Westminster  has  been  more  careful  to  conform  his  practice  to  a  high  standard 


496  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  professional  ethics  than  G.  E.  Corbould.  He  never  seeks  to  lead  the  court 
astray  in  a  matter  of  fact  or  law  and  has  always  treated  the  court  with  the 
studied  courtesy  which  is  its  due.  Calm,  dignified,  self-controlled,  he  has  given 
to  his  clients  the  service  of  great  talent.  He  has  much  natural  ability,  but  is 
withal  a  hard  student  and  is  never  content  until  he  has  mastered  every  detail  of 
his  cases.  He  believes  in  the  maxim:  "There  is  no  excellence  without  labor," 
and  follows  it  closely. 

Mr.  Corbould  holds  first  and  second  class  military  school  certificates  from  a 
school  in  Toronto.  His  political  views  are  those  of  a  liberal-conservative,  and 
he  has  been  a  leader  in  shaping  political  thought  and  action.  He  first  was  re- 
turned to  the  house  of  commons  for  the  New  Westminster  district,  which  at 
that  time  included  Vancouver,  in  June,  1890,  on  the  death  of  the  sitting  member, 
and  was  reelected  at  the  general  election  in  1891. 

In  1877  Mr.  Corbould  was  married  to  Miss  Arabella  Almond  Down,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Major  W.  Down,  First  Madras  Fusiliers.  Mrs.  Corbould  passed  away  in 
1894  and  in  October,  1901,  Mr.  Corbould  wedded  Charlotte  M.  E.  Wright,  widow 
of  W.  A.  Wright  and  a  daughter  of  Sir  M.  C.  Cameron,  chief  justice  of  Ontario. 
His  children  are :  Gordon  B.,  who  married  Maud  Charleson ;  Lillie  M.,  the  wife 
of  E.  O.  S.  Scholefield,  of  Victoria;  N.  Alma;  Grace  M.,  the  wife  of  V.  C. 
Brimacombe,  of  the  Bank  of  Montreal  at  Armstrong;  Marian  C.,  the  wife  of 
F.  W.  Anderson,  a  civil  engineer  of  Kamloops,  British  Columbia;  M.  Vera  A., 
the  wife  of  H.  V.  Ardagh,  of  New  Westminster,  and  Charles  E.  B. 

Mr.  Corbould  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  for  thirty-five  years 
he  has  been  a  Free  Mason.  He  holds  membership  in  the  Westminster  Club  and 
was  formerly  a  member  of  the  Rideau  Club  of  Ottawa,  the  Union  Club  of 
Victoria  and  the  Vancouver  Club.  His  attention  and  activities,  however,  have 
largely  been  concentrated  upon  his  professional  duties  and  interests.  He  is 
today  the  oldest  bencher  of  the  Law  Society  of  British  Columbia  and  was  elected 
its  treasurer  on  the  death  of  the  late  C.  S.  Parley,  K.  C.  He  has  ever  held  to 
the  highest  professional  standards  and  now  enjoys  in  an  unusual  degree  the 
regard  and  confidence  of  his  fellow  practitioners  as  well  as  the  general  public. 


GEORGE  ROBERT  GRAHAM  CON  WAY. 

His  eminence  in  his  profession  and  his  contributions  to  its  literature  have  made 
G.  R.  G.  Conway  too  well  known  to  need  special  introduction  to  the  readers  of 
this  volume.  He  is  now  chief  engineer  and  assistant  manager  of  the  British 
Columbia  Electric  Company,  and  his  high  professional  standing  is  indicated  in  his 
election  to  membership  in  the  leading  civil  engineering  societies  of  the  country. 
He  was  born  at  Southampton,  England,  April  28,  1873,  ms  parents  being  Henry 
and  Jessie  Conway,  the  former  of  English  and  the  latter  of  Scotch  descent.  The 
son  attended  Taunton's  School  and  afterward  Hartley  College  at  Southampton, 
England,  and  after  leaving  college  served  articles  of  pupilage  with  H.  J.  Weston, 
a  civil  engineer  of  Southampton,  for  three  years.  He  afterward  became  assist- 
ant to  the  late  James  Mansergh,  F.  R.  S.,  of  Westminster,  London,  who  was 
one  of  the  most  eminent  British  engineers.  Mr.  Conway  continued  with  him  for 
four  years  and  then  went  to  Aberdeen,  Scotland,  as  resident  engineer  to  the 
town  council.  He  was  the  engineer  of  the  Girdleness-Outfall  scheme  at  Aber- 
deen and  was  connected  with  many  other  important  engineering  projects.  In 
1907  he  went  to  Monterey,  Mexico,  to  represent  as  chief  engineer  the  Monterey 
Railway,  Light  and  Power  Company  and  the  Monterey  Water  Works  and  Sewer 
Company,  Ltd.,  both  of  which  were  controlled  by  Sir  William  Mackenzie,  of 
Toronto,  Canada.  In  1910  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  was  appointed  to 
his  present  position  as  chief  engineer  and  assistant  manager  of  the  British 
Columbia  Electric  Company.  This  connection  with  one  of  the  most  important 
corporations  of  the  northwest  places  him  in  a  prominent  position  in  business 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  497 

circles.  Previous  experience,  wide  study  and  accurate  practical  knowledge  well 
qualify  him  for  the  arduous  and  responsible  duties  that  devolve  upon  him.  He 
is  a  Telford  gold  medalist  of  the  Institution  of  Civil  Engineers  of  London, 
receiving  the  award  in  1909.  His  high  standing  professionally  is  further  indi- 
cated in  the  fact  that  he  is  a  member  of  the  Institution  of  Civil  Engineers,  of 
the  Institution  of  Mechanical  Engineers,  of  the  American  Society  of  Civil  Engi- 
neers, the  American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engineers,  the  Canadian  Society  of 
Civil  Engineers,  is  a  fellow  of  the  Royal  Meteorological  Society,  a  member  of 
the  Institution  of  Water  Engineers,  and  a  member  of  the  Royal  Sanitary  Insti- 
tute of  Great  Britain.  He  is  a  somewhat  prolific  writer  in  the  line  of  his 
profession,  being  a  frequent  contributor  to  the  leading  scientific  publications.  He 
delivered  the  presidential  address  published  in  the  Proc.  Aber.  Assoc.  C.  E., 
Volume  7,  and  his  other  writings  include  Lectures  on  Sewer  Design  (Ib.  Vol.  4), 
Girdleness  Scheme,  Aberdeen  (M.  P.  I.  C.  E.,  Vol.  177),  Monterey  Water 
Works  and  Sewerage,  Monterey,  Mexico  (trans.  Amer.  Soc.  C.  E.,  Vol.  72). 
Mr.  Conway  has  come  to  be  regarded  as  an  eminent  authority  upon  many  ques- 
tions relative  to  the  profession,  and  in  his  practice  has  performed  many  difficult 
engineering  feats. 

On  the  loth  of  January,  1908,  in  the  City  of  Mexico,  Mr.  Conway  was  mar- 
ried to  Miss  Annie  Elizabeth  Tawse,  a  daughter  of  the  late  Peter  Tawse  and 
Marion  (Storey)  Tawse,  the  former  having  been  a  well  known  contractor  in 
the  north  of  Scotland.  The  children  of  this  marriage  are  Marjorie  and  Eileen. 
Mr.  Conway  belongs  to  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria  and  the  New  Westminster 
Club.  He  now  makes  his  home  in  Vancouver  and  is  a  typical  resident  of  the 
northwest — alert,  enterprising,  progressive  and  determined. 


LIONEL  ARCHIBALD  GUERTIN. 

Operating  in  the  field  of  real  estate,  Lionel  Archibald  Guertin  is  now  largely 
handling  subdivision  property  as  the  partner  of  G.  W.  Wilson  under  the  firm 
style  of  the  Colonial  Investment  Company.  A  native  of  eastern  Canada,  he  was 
born  at  Emileville,  Quebec,  September  n,  1879,  a  representative  of  a  French 
family  of  prominent  farming  people,  his  parents  being  Marcel  and  Marie  Guertin. 
His  education  was  acquired  in  Feller  Institute  at  Grande  Ligne,  Quebec,  and  on 
leaving  school  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Massey,  Harris  Company  of  Toronto, 
dealers  in  farm  implements,  this  being  the  largest  concern  in  their  line  under 
the  British  flag.  Mr.  Guertin  continued  in  that  employ  for  nine  years,  gradually 
working  his  way  upward  as  his  industry,  faithfulness  and  close  application 
became  recognized,  so  that  when  he  left  the  service  of  the  company  he  was 
acting  in  the  capacity  of  sales  manager  for  the  Quebec  branch. 

Severing  his  connection  with  that  house  in  1906,  he  came  immediately  after- 
ward to  Vancouver,  where  he  embarked  in  the  real  estate  business,  in  which 
he  has  now  continued  for  seven  years.  In  November,  1911,  he  began  handling 
subdivision  property,  for  which  purpose  he  formed  a  partnership  with  G.  W. 
Wilson  under  the  style  of  the  Colonial  Investment  Company,  which  still  con- 
tinues. They  now  handle  subdivisions  only  and  at  present  are  engaged  in  selling 
Port  Mann.  They  have  a  large  selling  force,  covering  the  whole  of  Canada  and 
a  part  of  the  United  States.  Something  of  the  volume  of  their  business  is  indi- 
cated by  the  fact  that  they  are  now  represented  by  over  four  hundred  men.  They 
have  handled  important  property  interests  and  their  efforts  constitute  a  valuable 
factor  in  the  exploitation  of  the  resources  and  advantages  of  the  country,  and 
are  doing  much  for  its  development  and  settlement.  As  a  member  of  the  Progress 
Club  Mr.  Guertin  is  further  concerned  in  the  same  work  to  further  the  interests 
of  the  city  and  province,  and  his  practical  opinions  carry  weight  in  the  counsels 
of  the  organization. 


498  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

In  Seattle,  Washington,  on  the  i8th  of  June,  1910,  Mr.  Guertin  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Gretchen  Hess,  a  daughter  of  Henry  and  Elizabeth  Hess.  The 
father,  now  deceased,  was  a  contractor  and  builder  of  Bellingham,  Washington, 
where  the  family  lived.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Guertin  have  gained  many  friends  during 
their  residence  in  Vancouver  and  he  has  made  for  himself  an  enviable  position 
in  business  circles,  the  public  recognizing  the  fact  that  he  is  a  man  of  undaunted 
enterprise,  who  fears  not  that  laborious  attention  to  details  so  necessary  in  the 
achievement  of  business  advancement. 


THOMAS  DAVIS  COLDICUTT. 

Opposed  to  anything  like  misrule  in  public  affairs  and  in  all  of  his  public 
service  employing  constructive  measures  which  have  led  to  the  substantial  im- 
provement and  upbuilding  of  his  city,  Thomas  Davis  Coldicutt  is  well  known  as 
a  councillor  of  East  Burnaby,  and  none  question  his  honest  belief  in  the  efficacy 
and  value  of  the  methods  which  he  follows  and  the  projects  which  he  supports. 
A  native  of  England,  he  was  born  at  Birmingham,  July  26,  1879,  his  parents  be- 
ing Thomas  William  and  Mary  Jane  (Davis)  Coldicutt,  also  of  Birmingham. 
He  attended  St.  Paul's  school,  Warmstone  lane,  Birmingham,  and  was  but  thir- 
teen years  of  age  when  his  father  died.  Even  prior  to  that  time,  when  a  youth 
of  eleven  years,  he  was  earning  his  living,  being  employed  in  Greener's  gun  fac- 
tory at  Birmingham.  He  had  to  walk  three  miles  to  his  work,  returning  in  the 
same  way  in  the  evening.  He  received  but  three  shillings  per  week  for  his  labor. 
After  a  year  thus  spent  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Birmingham  Battery  &  Metal 
Company,  his  wage  being  three  shillings  and  six  pence  per  week.  While  thus 
engaged  he  also  had  to  walk  three  miles  to  and  from  his  work,  and  his  hours  were 
from  6  A.  M.  until  5  P.  M. — a  fact  which  would  certainly  agitate  the  labor  unions 
of  the  present  day.  He  remained  with  that  firm  for  two  years  and  then  entered 
the  employ  of  Kings-Norton  Metal  Works  at  Kings-Norton,  England,  where  he 
engaged  in  making  cartridges,  the  firm  having  a  contract  for  the  manufacture 
of  shells  for  the  British  army  and  navy.  On  the  expiration  of  two  years  he 
secured  a  position  with  the  Cycle  Components  Company  at  Bournbrook,  Birming- 
ham, his  task  being  the  making  of  mudguards  for  bicycles.  He  next  entered  the 
tool  and  lathe  department,  and  left  the  employ  of  that  company  after  five  years 
as  a  skilled  and  expert  mechanic. 

In  1900  Mr.  Coldicutt  came  to  Canada,  settling  at  Victoria,  where  he  was  em- 
ployed on  the  steamers  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Navigation  Company,  with  which 
he  continued  until  1904.  He  next  went  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  entered 
the  steamboat  business  on  his  own  account,  leasing  the  steamer  Pheasant.  He 
then  started  in  the  Eraser  river  trade  between  New  Westminster  and  Steveston 
in  opposition  to  the  boats  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Company.  A  year 
passed  in  that  way,  during  which  time  the  competition  was  very  keen  and  aroused 
great  public  interest.  The  boats  ran  on  the  same  schedule  and  the  people  lined 
the  banks  to  see  the  races,  which  were  usually  won  by  the  Pheasant.  Mr.  Cold- 
icutt left  that  business  after  a  year,  and,  having  in  the  meantime  taken  a  course 
in  accounting  in  the  International  Correspondence  Schools  of  Scranton,  Pennsyl- 
vania, he  became  bookkeeper  for  the  Chatham  Incubator  Company  and  for  T.  A. 
Muir  &  Company,  also  doing  other  clerical  work  for  a  year.  He  next  became  as- 
sistant market  clerk  of  New  Westminster,  keeping  the  books  of  the  Delta  Cream- 
ery Company  for  two  years,  and  also  of  the  New  Westminster  Creamery  Com- 
pany and  other  firms.  He  then  again  entered  the  steamboat  business  by  leasing 
the  steamer  Favorite  after  her  owners  had  failed  and  lost  her  on  a  mortgage, 
and  also  after  other  persons  had  leased  her  and  also  failed  to  win  success  in  op- 
position to  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  boats.  This  boat  plied  between  New 
Westminster  and  Mission  and  during  the  fourteen  months  during  which  Mr. 
Coldicutt  operated  the  boat  under  lease  he  was  very  successful,  despite  the  fact 


THOMAS  D.  COLDICUTT 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  501 

that  he  was  again  in  competition  with  the  boats  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad. 
He  carefully  watched  the  interests  of  his  vessel  and  of  the  trade  which  he  car- 
ried and  so  controlled  and  managed  affairs  that  the  Favorite  could  compete  suc- 
cessfully with  the  opposing  line.  At  the  end  of  fourteen  months  the  Favorite 
was  purchased  by  Captain  Bruce  and  Mr.  Coldicutt's  lease  was  canceled,  the 
Canadian  Pacific  taking  the  steamer  Transfer  off  the  lower  river  and  putting  the 
Favorite  on  that  run.  Mr.  Coldicutt  remained  with  Captain  Bruce  as  purser  and 
mate  for  three  weeks,  but  as  the  captain  was  a  deep  sea  sailor  and  not  familiar 
with  river  navigation  Mr.  Coldicutt  gave  up  his  position.  Two  months  afterward 
Captain  Bruce  wrecked  the  Favorite,  the  ruins  of  which  now  lie  in  the  Fraser 
above  Ladner. 

In  1908  Mr.  Coldicutt  had  taken  up  his  residence  at  what  is  now  Second 
street  and  Sixteenth  avenue,  in  Burnaby,  being  one  of  the  pioneer  settlers  of 
that  district,  which  section  was  then  in  a  wild  state.  There  were  no  streets  and 
only  one  house  in  the  neighborhood  in  which  Mr.  Coldicutt  established  his 
home.  He  cleared  his  land  and  planted  it  to  fruit  trees,  berries,  etc.,  being  one  of 
the  pioneers  in  that  line  of  business  in  the  district.  He  still  resides  on  that  place 
and  has  proven  his  faith  in  the  section  by  remaining  there  continuously,  while 
his  belief  has  found  justification  in  his  now  full  bearing  orchards  and  his  splen- 
did berry  patches.  These  and  other  improvements  make  the  Coldicutt  home  the 
show  place  of  Burnaby.  After  severing  his  connection  with  steamboat  interests 
he 'became  accountant  for  the  George  H.  Leaf  Supply  Company  of  East  Burnaby, 
with  whom  he  continued  until  March,  1912,  when  he  entered  the  real-estate, 
insurance  and  financial  brokerage  business  at  East  Burnaby  and  so  continues  to 
the  present  time,  with  offices  in  the  Coldicutt  block  which  he  erected  at  Fourth 
avenue  and  Sixth  street.  He  has  been  very  successful  in  the  conduct  of  his  real- 
estate,  insurance  and  brokerage  business  and  now  has  a  large  clientage,  so  that 
he  controls  many  important  realty  transfers  and  business  interests  representing 
his  other  departments. 

Mr.  Coldicutt  has  also  been  an  active  factor  in  civic,  political  and  social  cir- 
cles of  Burnaby  since  taking  up  his  residence  at  his  present  home.  He  has 
done  everything  in  his  power  to  advance  the  interests  of  the  town  and  has  been 
an  important  factor  in  its  upbuilding  along  modern  lines.  He  has  taken  a  most 
helpful  part  in  development  work  in  the  municipality  and  has  labored  inde- 
fatigably  and  untiringly  to  advance  the  sources  of  the  city's  growth  and  im- 
provement. This  municipality  has  laid  sidewalks,  put  in  water,  induced  the  Brit- 
ish Columbia  Electric  Company  to  extend  its  lighting  service  into  Burnaby,  and 
has  done  other  important  improvement  work,  all  in  two  years'  time.  During 
his  first  year's  residence  here  he  was  instrumental  in  forming  the  Burnably  Board 
of  Trade,  of  which  he  became  secretary  and  so  continued  for  three  years.  In 
January,  1913,  he  was  made  president  of  that  body  and  so  continues  to  date. 
For  the  past  two  years  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  North  Fraser  Harbor  com- 
mittee, representing  the  Burnaby  Board  of  Trade  and  the  Burnaby  municipal 
council  on  that  body,  and  has  been  very  active  in  promoting  the  efforts  of  that 
body.  He  is  also  on  the  executive  committee  of  the  Fraser  Valley  Municipal 
Publicity  Bureau,  all  of  which  indicates  how  important  and  extensive  has  been 
his  service  in  behalf  of  the  general  welfare,  and  the  consensus  of  public  opinion 
praises  his  work  and  his  worth. 

Mr.  Coldicutt  has  always  been  active  in  municipal  politics  and  the  city  owes 
much  to  his  efforts  in  that  direction.  He  had  been  a  resident  of  Burnaby  for 
but  a  brief  period  when  he  saw  that  affairs  were  not  conducted  as  well  as  might 
be.  There  were  no  roads  worth  mentioning  and  settlement  was  slow  and  diffi- 
cult. At  the  end  of  a  year's  residence  in  Burnaby  he  decided  to  become  a  can- 
didate for  the  position  of  councillor  and  entered  a  three-cornered  fight,  which  he 
won  in  1909.  Three  weeks  after  he  became  a  member  of  the  council  he  was 
appointed  chairman  of  the  important  finance  committee,  a  position  second  only 
to  that  of  reeve,  his  energy  and  integrity  being  thus  early  recognized.  In  1910 
he  was  elected  councillor  by  acclamation,  and  when  in  1911  Mr.  Weart  became 


502  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

reeve  he  appointed  Mr.  Coldicutt  chairman  of  the  finance,  water,  police,  inter- 
municipal,  and  light  and  power  committees.  In  1913  he  was  reelected  in  a 
three-cornered  contest,  and  he  is  now  chairman  of  the  police  committee  and  also 
.  of  the  light  and  power  committee.  He  has  always  favored  the  letting  of  munici- 
pal contracts  to  Burnaby  people  if  they  were  competent  to  do  the  work  re- 
quired, and  it  was  Mr.  Coldicutt  who  was  the  prime  mover  in  the  fight  against 
granting  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Company  what  would  have  practically 
proven  a  perpetual  franchise.  In  all  public  affairs  he  is  a  progressive,  ambitious 
an  energetic  man,  with  liberal  and  large  ideas.  Burnaby  certainly  owes  much  to 
his  efforts.  He  had  been  a  strong  supporter  of  the  establishment  of  a  water 
system  and  he  believes  always  in  managing  the  affairs  of  the  municipality  so  that 
the  people  of  the  city  will  receive  full  benefit  therefrom.  He  has  labored  ever 
against  vested  interests  and  in  behalf  of  the  people  at  large,  and  his  keen  fore- 
sight has  enabled  him  to  recognize  what  would  be  the  outcome  of  measures  that, 
seemingly  harmless  on  the  face,  might  work  for  the  detriment  of  the  general 
public. 

On  the  Qth  of  June,  1902,  Mr.  Coldicutt  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mar- 
garet Jane  Styler,  of  Birmingham,  England,  who  made  the  journey  to  British 
Columbia  to  become  his  wife.  Their  children  are  three  in  number:  Douglas, 
Margaret  and  Norah.  Mr.  Coldicutt  also  has  two  brothers  living  here,  Captain 
Samuel  Herbert  Coldicutt  and  Charles  J.  Coldicutt.  The  captain  is  a  resident  of 
Burnaby  and  Charles  J.  Coldicutt  is  farming  in  the  Arrow  lake  district. 

Our  subject  is  a  member  of  Union  Lodge,  No.  9,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  New 
Westminster,  and  has  also  taken  the  Royal  Arch  degrees  in  Masonry.  He  like- 
wise belongs  to  Royal  City  Lodge,  No.  3,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  the  Canadian  branch  of  the 
Order  of  Elks  and  the  Sons  of  England.  He  holds  membership  in  the  West- 
minster Club  and  in  the  Church  of  England.  He  is  not  narrowly  sectarian  in 
his  religious  views  and  actions,  however,  and,  possessing  a  good  musical  voice, 
has  sung  in  the  choir  of  churches  in  other  denominations.  He  is  recognized  as  a 
progressive,  broad-minded  man  and  one  who  in  every  relation  of  life  seeks  the 
betterment  of  the  individual  and  the  community  at  large. 


ARCHIBALD  MURRAY  BEATTIE. 

For  twenty-seven  years  Archibald  Murray  Beattie  has  been  a  resident  of 
Vancouver  and  therefore  a  witness  of  its  growth  from  villagehood  to  its  present 
extensive  proportions.  Throughout  the  entire  period  he  has  been  engaged  in 
business  as  a  real-estate  agent  and  land  auctioneer,  in  which  connection  he  has 
become  widely  and  favorably  known.  He  was  born  in  Dumfries,  Scotland,  May 
25,  1851,  a  son  of  Charles  and  Elizabeth  Beattie,  who  were  farming  people  and 
representatives  of  old  Scotch  families.  The  emigration  of  the  parents  to  the  new 
world  during  the  boyhood  of  Archibald  Murray  Beattie  was  followed  by  his 
pursuit  of  a  course  of  study  at  St.  Francis  College  at  Richmond,  Quebec.  When 
his  college  days  were  over  he  turned  his  attention  to  general  merchandising  at 
that  place,  becoming  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  Beattie  &  Alexander.  That  con- 
nection was  continued  until  1886,  when  Mr.  Beattie  disposed  of  his  interests  in 
the  east  and  came  to  British  Columbia  with  Vancouver  as  his  destination.  Here 
he  has  since  made  his  home  and  has  continuously  engaged  in  his  present  busi- 
ness as  a  real-estate  agent  and  land  auctioneer.  During  the  intervening  period 
he  has  handled  much  property  and  has  won  success  in  his  chosen  field.  He  is 
also  a  notary  public. 

While  in  the  east  Mr.  Beattie  was  in  command  of  the  Richmond  Field  Artil- 
lery during  the  time  the  present  Duke  of  Argyle  was  governor  general  of  Canada. 
The  only  office  of  a  political  character  that  he  has  ever  held  was  that  of  consul 
in  Vancouver  for  the  Hawaiian  islands  from  1892  until  1895.  His  political  al- 
legiance is  given  to  the  conservative  party  and  his  religious  faith  is  that  of  the 


ARCHIBALD   M.   I5KATTIK 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  505 

Anglican  church,  his  membership  being  in  St.  James',  of  Vancouver.     Frater- 
nally Mr.  Beattie  is  a  Mason. 

At  Richmond,  Quebec,  Mr.  Beattie  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Alice  M. 
Robins.  Her  father,  George  Robins,  was  in  the  mechanical  department  of  the 
Grand  Trunk  Railway  for  a  number  of  years.  Mr.  and  Mrs;  Beattie  have  three 
daughters:  Mrs.  Frank  Bird,  whose  husband  is  manager  of  the  "Province,"  and 
thus  well  known  in  Vancouver  newspaper  circles ;  and  Edith  and  Kathleen,  both 
at  home.  The  family  is  well  known  in  Vancouver,  having  an  extensive  circle 
of  friends  in  this  city  in  which  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Beattie  have  spent  the  greater 
part  of  their  married  life. 


ROBERT  WILLIS. 

Robert  Willis,  proprietor  of  the  Badminton  Hotel  at  Vancouver,  has  step  by 
step  advanced  in  his  business  career  until  he  has  reached  his  present  position 
where  success  in  substantial  measure  is  rewarding  his  labors.  He  was  born 
November  26,  1874,  at  Finedon,  Northamptonshire,  England,  his  parents  being 
John  and  Annie  Willis,  representatives  of  old  English  families.  In  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  town  the  son  pursued  his  education  and  after  leaving  school 
went  to  Northumberland,  where  he  lived  with  the  Rev.  W.  R.  Finch  for  seven 
years,  an  association  that  did  much  to  mold  his  character  and  stimulate  his 
ambition.  In  1889  ne  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  was  employed  in  various 
capacities  for  several  years,  during  which  period  he  carefully  saved  his  earnings 
until  his  capital  was  sufficient  to  enable  him  to  embark  in  the  bicycle  business, 
in  which  line  he  continued  in  Vancouver  for  two  years.  On  the  expiration  of 
that  period  he  accepted  the  position  of  steward  at  the  Vancouver  Club,  and  his 
five  years'  service  there  was  most  acceptable  to  the  organization  and  brought  him 
experience  and  knowledge  that  well  equipped  him  for  the  duties  that  later  de- 
volved upon  him  in  other  connections.  He  was  afterward  with  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway  Company  as  manager  of  the  Field  Hotel  at  Field,  British  Colum- 
bia, which  position  he  occupied  for  about  fifteen  months.  He  then  returned 
to  Vancouver  and  embarked  in  the  hotel  business  on  his  own  account,  being 
proprietor  of  the  Badminton  Hotel,  which  he  is  now  successfully  conducting. 
He  is  ever  a  genial,  courteous  and  obliging  host,  studies  the  demands  of  his 
patrons  and  the  traveling  public  and  has  given  them  excellent  service,  so  that 
his  patronage  is  increasing. 

On  the  3ist  of  January,  1895,  m  Christ  church,  Vancouver,  was  celebrated 
the  marriage  of  Mr.  Willis  and  Miss  Adelaide  Hayward,  a  daughter  of  John 
William  and  Elizabeth  Hayward,  farming  people.  The  three  children  of  this 
marriage  were :  May,  deceased,  and  Harold  and  Vivian.  The  family  attend  the 
Anglican  church,  of  which  Mr.  Willis  is  a  member.  He  votes  with  the  conserva- 
tive party  and  keeps  well  informed  on  the  questions  and  issues  of  the  day,  but 
has  neither  time  nor  inclination  for  office,  preferring  to  concentrate  his  energies 
upon  his  business  affairs,  which  are  of  growing  importance,  bringing  him  sub- 
stantial returns. 


HARRY  RANDLE  BRAY. 

One  of  the  strongest  law  firms  in  Vancouver  and  one  of  the  most  important 
and  notable  in  British  Columbia  is  that  of  Henderson,  Tulk  &  Bray,  whose  junior 
member,  Harry  Randle  Bray,  is  steadily  winning  greater  prosperity  and  increas- 
ing distinction  at  the  Vancouver  bar.  Although  he  is  still  a  young  man  his 
ability,  energy  and  well  developed  powers  have  carried  him  forward  into  im- 
portant relations  with  professional  life  and  his  many  friends  in  the  city  do  not 


506  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

hesitate  to  predict  for  him  continued  and  rapid  advancement  in  his  chosen  field. 
He  was  born  in  Nanaimo,  British  Columbia,  on  the  2ist  of  September,  1884, 
and  is  a  son  of  Marshall  and  Sarah  (Johnston)  Bray,  of  whom  extended  men- 
tion is  made  elsewhere  in  this  work. 

In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Harry  R.  Bray  attended  public  school  in 
his  native  province  and  afterward  entered  Toronto  University,  from  which  he  was 
graduated  in  June,  1905,  with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  In  the  fall  of  that  year  he* 
took  up  the  study  of  law  at  Osgoode  Hall,  Toronto,  attending  until  the  spring 
of  1906,  when  he  was  graduated,  winning  the  high  honor  of  the  Cecil  Rhodes 
scholarship  for  British  Columbia.  This  was  an  important  accomplishment  and 
stands  for  distinguished  attainments — proficiency  in  scholarship,  ability  in  ath- 
letics, popularity  with  his  fellow  students,  in  fact  all  the  qualities  of  a  well 
rounded  character  combined  with  important  mental  and  physical  gifts.  With 
the  additional  honor  of  being  the  first  Rhodes  scholar  from  the  province  of 
British  Columbia,  Mr.  Bray  entered  Oxford  University  in  England  and  was 
graduated  from  that  institution  in  the  spring  of  1909  with  the  degree  of  B.  A. 
Returning  to  British  Columbia,  he  completed  his  law  studies,  passed  the  neces- 
sary examinations  and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  the  province  in  1910.  He  began 
the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Vancouver  with  the  firm  of  Russell,  Russell  & 
Hannington  and  the  association  continued  until  1912,  when  Mr.  Bray  became 
connected  with  the  present  firm  of  Henderson,  Tulk  &  Bray.  The  other  mem- 
bers of  this  firm  are  Alexander  Henderson,  K.  C,  and  Albert  Edward  Tulk, 
B.  C.  L.,  of  whom  more  extended  mention  is  made  elsewhere  in  this  work. 
The  firm  enjoys  a  large  and  lucrative  patronage,  connecting  it  with  some  of  the 
most  notable  litigation  before  the  courts  of  the  province,  and  its  members,  all 
able  and  progressive  men,  hold  a  high  position  at  the  Vancouver  bar.  Mr.  Bray 
has  fully  justified  the  promises  of  his  student  days,  proving  a  strong,  able  and 
forceful  practitioner  whose  knowledge  of  the  underlying  principles  of  law  is 
comprehensive  and  exact  and  whose  application  of  that  knowledge  is  at  all 
times  correct  and  logical. 

Mr.  Bray  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church  and  he  gives  his  political  alleg- 
iance to  the  conservative  party.  He  is  active  in  the  affairs  of  the  University  and 
Press  Clubs  of  Vancouver  and  is  affiliated  also  with  the  Native  Sons  of  British 
Columbia.  Since  beginning  the  active  practice  of  his  profession  he  has  made 
steady  and  rapid  progress  and  is  now  numbered  among  the  able  and  progressive 
representatives  of  the  Vancouver  bar.  With  a  nature  that  could  never  be  content 
with  mediocrity,  his  laudable  ambition  has  prompted  the  best  use  of  his  talents 
and  opportunities  and  he  will  undoubtedly  stand  among  those  barristers  whose 
well  developed  powers  and  abilities  make  their  records  a  part  of  the  judicial 
history  of  the  province. 


GEORGE  E.  CADE. 

George  E.  Cade,  who  has  been  engaged  in  business  as  a  general  teaming  con- 
tractor of  Mission  City  for  about  two  decades,  has  won  an  enviable  reputation 
in  this  connection  as  the  principal  contractor  in  his  line  in  the  town.  His  birth 
occurred  at  Byron,  Middlesex  county,  Ontario,  on  the  27th  of  November,  1872, 
his  parents  being  John  B.  and  Mary  Cade,  pioneers  of  the  Mission  district,  of 
whom  more  extended  mention  is  made  on  another  page  of  this  work.  In  the 
acquirement  of  his  education  George  Cade  attended  the  public  schools  of  Ontario 
and  also  of  British  Columbia.  After  putting  aside  his  text-books  he  was  appren- 
ticed as  a  steam  engineer  in  Ontario.  In  October,  1888,  when  a  youth  of  sixteen, 
he  came  with  his  parents  to  British  Columbia  and  subsequently  worked  at  the 
plastering  trade  for  fourteen  months,  later  spending  a  similar  period  in  railroad 
work  with  the  Canadian  Pacific. 


GEORGE  E.  CADE 


509 


On  the  ist  of  January,  1894,  he  embarked  in  business  on  his  own  account  as  a 
general  teaming  contractor  in  Mission  City  and  from  that  time  to  the  present 
has  enjoyed  an  extensive  and  profitable  patronage  in  this  connection. 

In  May,  1900,  Mr.  Cade  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Olivia  Maude  You- 
mans,  a  daughter  of  S.  J.  and  Nancy  Youmans,  who  are  residents  of  Mission 
City.  Our  subject  and  his  wife  have  six  children,  three  sons  and  three  daughters. 

Mr.  Cade  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  views  and  has  served  in  the  capacity 
of  school  trustee  for  one  term.  He  was  one  of  the  first  to  advocate  the  installation 
of  a  telephone  system  in  Mission  City  and  it  was  largely  through  his  efforts  that 
the  project  was  carried  out.  He  is  a  valued  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade  and  is 
a  loyal  and  public-spirited  citizen  whose  aid  or  cooperation  can  ever  be  counted 
upon  to  further  any  movement  or  measure  instituted  to  promote  the  general  wel- 
fare. Fraternally  he  is  identified  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows 
and  the  Orange  lodge,  while  his  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian  church. 
The  period  of  his  residence  in  British  Columbia  covers  a  quarter  of  a  century 
and  he  is  well  known  and  highly  esteemed  in  business  and  social  circles  of  his 
acquaintance. 


GEORGE  ALAN  KIRK. 

George  Alan  Kirk  is  managing  director  of  Turner,  Beeton  &  Company,  pro- 
prietors of  one  of  the  largest  concerns  of  the  kind  in  British  Columbia,  their  busi- 
ness being  the  importation  of  dry  goods  and  the  manufacture  of  shirts,  overalls  and 
similar  merchandise.  Ability  and  merit  have  brought  Mr.  Kirk  to  the  front  in 
mercantile  circles  and  his  example  should  serve  as  a  source  of  inspiration  and 
encouragement  to  others. 

He  was  born  in  Dover,  England,  March  8,  1870,  and  is  a  son  of  Colonel  James 
B.  and  Emily  (Durant)  Kirk.  The  father,  a  native  of  Paisley,  Scotland,  became 
an  officer  in  the  British  army  and  while  a  lieutenant  in  the  Ninety-sixth  Regiment 
served  in  eastern  Canada.  Later  he  became  an  officer  in  the  Ninety-first  Argyle 
and  Sutherland  Highlanders.  He  died  in  1880  and  his  wife  passed  away  in 
1893.  The  paternal  grandfather,  Robert  Mortimer  Kirk,  was  also  a  captain  in 
the  army  and  while  in  service  was  quartered  in  Canada. 

George  Alan  Kirk  pursued  his  early  education  in  private  schools  and  later 
entered  the  Royal  navy  on  Her  Majesty's  ship  Britannia,  the  naval  training  vessel. 
He  received  his  commission  and  served  in  various  stations  until  1889,  when  he 
left  the  service,  feeling  that  there  was  little  chance  for  advancement  owing 
to  the  size  of  the  navy  and  the  large  number  of  officers  at  that  time.  He  re- 
signed in  1889  and  the  following  year  entered  the  office  of  Grout  &  Company,  silk 
crepe  manufacturers,  of  London,  England,  with  whom  he  remained  for  a  short 
time.  In  1891  he  entered  the  office  of  H.  C.  Beeton  &  Company,  of  London,  and 
in  1892  went  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  where  he  became  connected  with  the 
office  of  Turner,  Beeton  &  Company,  gradually  advancing  in  that  connection  until 
be  became  a  partner  in  1895.  The  firm  was  established  in  1863  and  has  been  in 
continuous  operation  since.  Upon  the  incorporation  in  1902  Mr.  Kirk  became 
managing  director  and  so  continues.  The  other  directors  are  J.  H.  Turner, 
R.  A.  L.  Kirk,  of  London,  England;  H.  B.  Thomson  and  Percy  Criddle.  Mr. 
Turner  removed  to  England  to  reside  in  1902.  R.  A.  L.  Kirk  is  the  London 
representative  of  the  firm  and  does  the  buying  on  that  side  of  the  Atlantic.  The 
trade  of  the  house  of  Turner,  Beeton  &  Company  covers  British  Columbia,  the 
Yukon  and  the  Northwest  Territory.  This  is  one  of  the  leading  and  progressive 
concerns  of  the  province  and  northwest  Canada.  Through  the  policy  inaugurated 
and  maintained  by  George  A.  Kirk  the  business  has  more  than  kept  pace  with 
the  growth  of  the  province  and  the  house  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  aggres- 
sive, progressive  and  important  concerns  in  British  Columbia. 


510  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

In  addition  to  these  interests,  which  claim  the  major  portion  of  his  time, 
Mr.  Kirk  is  president  of  the  Inner  Harbor  Association  of  Victoria,  an  organiza- 
tion with  most  laudable  and  commendable  purpose,  seeking  to  improve  harbor 
conditions.  He  is  likewise  a  member  of  the  commission  of  the  Pilotage  Board, 
appointed  by  the  Dominion  government  for  Victoria,  and  in  1897  and  1898  he 
was  president  of  the  Victoria  Board  of  Trade.  He  is  ever  deeply  interested  in 
anything  pertaining  to  public  progress  and  his  cooperation  has  been  of  decided 
advantage  in  measures  for  the  general  good. 

On  the  3Oth  of  September,  1903,  Mr.  Kirk  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth 
Georgina  Harvey,  a  granddaughter  of  Mrs.  Robert  Dunsmuir  and  a  native  of 
Vancouver  island.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kirk  have  one  daughter,  Elizabeth  Agnes. 
Mr.  Kirk  is  a  member  of  the  Army  and  Navy  Club  of  London,  England,  and  the 
Royal  Corinthian  Yacht  Club  of  that  city.  He  is  likewise  a  member  of  the 
Union  Club  of  Victoria,  the  Victoria  Golf  Club,  the  Victoria  Tennis  Club  and 
the  Victoria  Yacht  Club.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Castaways  Club,  a  philanthropic 
organization  of  naval  officers  of  London,  England.  He  is  recognized  as  a  man 
of  intense  public  spirit,  seeking  ever  the  benefit  and  welfare  of  his  adopted 
province  and  giving  active  and  substantial  aid  to  any  movement  for  the  better- 
ment or  adornment  of  Victoria.  He  is  likewise  a  broad-minded,  far-seeing  and 
able  business  man,  and  his  position  in  public  regard  is  an  enviable  one. 


ARCHIBALD  ERSKINE  SMITH. 

Financial  and  investment  institutions  are  not  only  a  gauge  of  general  prosperity 
but  among  the  most  important  factors  in  promoting  and  stimulating  advance- 
ment and  development.  In  that  connection  Archibald  Erskine  Smith  has  not 
only  achieved  individual  success  but  has  been  instrumental  in  inducing  foreign 
capital  to  be  invested  in  Vancouver  and  in  bringing  to  this  city  new  and  valuable 
interests.  Mr.  Smith  is  prominently  identified  with  a  line  of  investments,  per- 
taining to  mining  properties.  He  was  born  in  Launceston,  Australia,  May  I, 
1867,  a  son  of  Daniel  and  Annie  Smith,  the  former  prominent  as  a  civil  engi- 
neer in  Australia. 

Archibald  Erskine  Smith  attended  public  school  in  Australia  and  after  dis- 
continuing his  lessons  proceeded  to  the  mining  fields  of  that  country  and  South 
Africa,  going  to  the  latter  colony  shortly  after  leaving  school  and  being  there 
during  the  time  of  the  Jamieson  raid.  The  year  1899  found  him  in  Sumpter, 
Oregon,  during  the  time  of  the  boom.  However,  as  early  as  1896  he  had  come 
to  British  Columbia  where  he  was  more  or  less  actively  engaged  in  mining  and 
in  business.  In  1898  he  joined  the  rush  to  Dawson,  Alaska,  but  of  late  years  has 
given  his  entire  attention  to  mining  investments,  hL  efforts  being  attended  by 
profitable  results. 

In  Portland,  Oregon,  on  March  31,  1900,  occurred  the  marriage  of  Mr. 
Smith  and  Miss  Laura  Douglas  Evans,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Sarah  A. 
Evans.  Mrs.  Evans  is  one  of  the  truly  remarkable  women  of  America,  having 
for  years  interested  herself  in  public  questions  of  vast  importance.  She  has 
been  for  a  number  of  years  and  still  holds  the  office  of  market  inspector  at  Port- 
land, Oregon,  and  was  for  years  president  of  the  Federation  of  Woman's  Clubs 
of  America  and  is  now  president  of  the  Oregon  Federation  of  Woman's  Clubs. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  Erskine  Smith  have  four  children,  Archibald  Erskine,  Jr., 
Hunter  Evans,  Henry  Stein  and  Christina  Margaret. 

Although  the  club  connections  of  Mr.  Smith  are  not  extensive  he  belongs 
to  one  of  the  most  exclusive  organizations  in  the  city,  the  Terminal  City  Club. 
Politically  he  is  a  conservative,  giving  his  steadfast  allegiance  to  the  measures  and 
candidates  of  that  party.  He  has  not  participated  in  public  life  since  he  has 
made  his  residence  in  British  Columbia  but  while  residing  at  Coolgardie,  Aus- 
tralia, was  alderman  of  the  first  council  of  that  city  in  1894.  He  is  public- 


A.  ERSKINE  SMITH 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  513 

spirited  and  progressive  in  the  best  sense  of  the  word  and  gives  his  support  to 
all  measures  which  have  for  their  object  commercial  expansion  or  the  upbuild- 
ing of  the  community.  His  standing  in  the  business  fraternity  of  Vancouver 
is  of  the  highest  and  he  enjoys  the  confidence  and  good-will  not  only  of  commer- 
cial associates  but  of  the  general  public. 


CHARLES  LEONARD  FILLMORE. 

Charles  Leonard  Fillmore  was  born  at  Westmoreland  Point,  New  Brunswick, 
July  23,  1880,  and  is  a  son  of  William  Colpitts  and  Anna  Fillmore.  His  early 
education  was  acquired  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  province  and  he  was 
afterward  a  student  at  Mount  Allison  University,  Sackville,  New  Brunswick, 
from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1904  with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  In  the  same  year 
he  went  to  Manitoba,  where  he  engaged  in  teaching  for  one  year,  coming  at  the 
end  of  that  time  to  British  Columbia,  where  he  studied  law,  being  articled  to 
J.  Edward  Bird  for  a  period  of  three  years.  In  October,  1910,  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  and  began  the  practice  of  his  profession 
in  Vancouver,  continuing  alone  until  July,  1911,  when  he  formed  a  partnership 
with  Thomas  Todrick  under  the  firm  name  of  Fillmore  &  Todrick.  They  en- 
gage in  general  practice.  Mr.  Fillmore  was  appointed  notary  public  in  1910  and 
is  still  filling  that  position. 

On  the  nth  of  September,  1911,  in  Calgary,  Alberta,  Mr.  Fillmore  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Anna  Laura  Clark,  a  daughter  of  G.  N.  and  Kate  Clark,  the 
former  of  whom  was  engaged  in  the  machinery  business  at  Rexton,  New  Bruns- 
wick, for  many  years.  Mrs.  Fillmore  was  a  classmate  of  her  husband  at  Mount 
Allison  University  and  was  graduated  in  the  same  class.  They  have  become 
the  parents  of  a  son,  Donald. 

Mr.  Fillmore  is  a  devout  member  of  the  Baptist  church  and  belongs  to  the 
University  Club.  His  political  support  is  given  to  the  conservative  party. 


HAROLD  C.  N.  McKIM. 

Although  one  of  the  younger  representatives  of  the  legal  profession,  Harold 
C.  N.  McKim  has  already  made  for  himself  an  enviable  reputation  as  one  of  the 
leading  barristers  in  Vancouver,  where  he  is  engaged  in  general  practice  as  a 
member  of  the  firm  of  Williams,  Walsh,  McKim  &  Housser.  He  was  born  in 
Deloraine,  Manitoba,  January  9,  1884,  and  is  a  son  of  Walter  P.  and  Harriet  A. 
L.  McKim,  both  of  old  United  Empire  Loyalist  stock,  the  father  going  as  a 
pioneer  to  Fort  Garry  in  1882. 

Harold  McKim  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  De- 
loraine and  afterward  entered  the  University  of  Manitoba,  from  which  he  was 
graduated  in  1907,  with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  In  the  same  year  he  came  to 
Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  and  from  1907  to  1910  studied  law  with  the  firms 
of  Harris  &  Bull  and  Davis,  Marshall,  McNeill  &  Pugh,  being  called  to  the 
bar  of  British  Columbia  in  the  latter  year.  Afterward  he  remained  for  some 
time  with  his  former  preceptors,  but  in  1911  aided  in  the  organization  of  the 
firm  of  Williams,  Walsh  &  McKim,  continuing  thus  until  1912,  when  George  E. 
Housser  was  admitted,  since  which  time  the  name  of  the  firm  has  been  Williams, 
Walsh,  McKim  &  Housser.  They  engage  in  general  practice,  devoting,  how- 
ever, a  great  deal  of  time  to  corporation  law,  and  the  firm  is  one  of  the  strongest 
and  most  reliable  in  the  city.  Mr.  McKim  is  one  of  its  most  able  representatives, 
possessed  of  a  comprehensive  and  exact  knowledge  of  the  principles  which 
underlie  the  law,  and  being  forceful,  concise  and  straightforward  in  his  applica- 
tion of  them.  He  has  a  large  following  in  Vancouver  and  is  widely  and  favor- 


514  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

ably  known,  his  energy  and  ability  having  carried  him  forward  into  important 
professional  relations. 

On  the  2ist  of  September,  1909,  in  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  Mr.  McKim  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Minnie  Viola  Burns,  daughter  of  Robert  and  Ella 
Burns,  both  representatives  of  old  Scotch  families.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McKim  have 
one  son,  Harold  Arthur. 

Mr.  McKim  is  vice  president  of  the  University  Club  and  secretary  of  the 
Manitoba  University  Association  of  British  Columbia.  He  gives  his  political 
allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  is  eminently  progressive  and  public- 
spirited  in  matters  of  citizenship,  although  he  never  seeks  public  office  for  him- 
self. Fortunate  in  possessing  the  ability  and  character  which  inspire  confidence, 
he  has  gained  for  himself  a  position  of  prominence  in  professional  and  social 
circles,  and  his  influence  is  always  given  in  support  of  whatever  he  believes  will 
promote  the  best  interests  of  the  community. 


HORI  WINDEBANK. 

Among  the  public-spirited  and  enterprising  citizens  of  Mission  City  is  none 
who  has  contributed  more  largely  toward  the  general  progress  and  development 
of  the  town  than  Hori  Windebank,  whose  residence  here  covers  a  period  of  more 
than  twenty-two  years.  He  is  not  only  extensively  represented  in  commercial 
circles,  but  he  owns  several  of  the  public  utilities  and  holds  the  title  to  a  large 
amount  of  real  estate  in  the  town.  Mr.  Windebank  is  a  native  of  England,  his 
birth  having  there  occurred  on  the  5th  of  August,  1854,  and  is  a  son  of  William 
and  Jane  (Smith)  Windebank,  who  are  deceased. 

In  every  sense  of  the  word  Hori  Windebank  is  a  self-made  man,  and  is  in  no 
way  indebted  to  any  one  for  such  success  as  has  attended  him  in  the  pursuit  of  his 
career.  He  never  had  the  privilege  of  attending  school,  and  did  not  learn  to  read 
until  he  was  eleven  years  of  age,  at  which  time  he  went  to  sea.  For  fifteen  years 
he  followed  the  life  of  a  sailor,  and  during  that  period  visited  practically  every 
port  of  any  importance  in  the  world.  Innumerable  incidents  of  an  unusual  charac- 
ter have  fallen  to  his  lot  and  many  are  the  interesting  experiences  he  relates  of 
occurrences  both  at  sea  and  on  land.  It  was  at  Shanghi,  China,  that  he  abandoned 
the  sea,  remaining  a  resident  of  that  city  for  two  years.  During  that  period  he  was 
employed  on  the  police  force,  and  while  engaged  in  this  capacity  he  met  with 
experiences,  which,  although  they  may  be  common  enough  there,  were  of  a  most 
unusual  character,  involving  intrigues  and  plots  so  complex  in  their  nature  as  to 
be  practically  beyond  the  comprehension  of  the  occidental  mind  even  when  aided 
by  an  imagination  of  marked  fertility.  He  was  there  at  the  time  the  first  railroad 
was  built  in  China,  the  permit  having  been  granted  with  the  understanding  that 
it  was  to  be  on  trial  for  a  year,  the  government  retaining  the  privilege,  at  the 
expiration  of  that  time,  to  have  it  destroyed  if  deemed  advisable.  The  people 
generally  patronized  the  railroad  much  more  extensively  than  had  been  expected, 
and  the  government  officials  quickly  recognizing  what  it  meant  in  the  way  of 
enlightenment  for  the  masses  revoked  the  permit,  issuing  an  order  that  the  rail- 
road be  burned.  This  is  but  one  of  the  many  examples  he  gives  of  the  bitter 
opposition  at  that  time  to  progress  in  any  form,  and  serves  to  show  the  extreme 
conservatism  of  the  Chinese.  Returning  to  England,  Mr.  Windebank  there 
engaged  in  the  hotel  business  for  six  months  and  then  went  to  Australia.  In  the 
latter  country  he  first  directed  his  energies  along  agricultural  lines,  but  later  went 
into  the  frieght  and  transfer  business,  which  he  followed  for  three  years.  At  the 
end  of  that  period  he  went  back  to  England  on  a  visit,  and  while  there  decided  to 
try  his  luck  in  Canada,  selecting  Winnipeg  as  his  place  of  residence.  He  made  that 
city  his  headquarters  for  about  two  years,  conducting  a  boarding  house  in  the 
winter,  while  in  the  summer  he  was  captain  of  a  steamboat  on  Lake  Winnipeg. 
Next  he  engaged  in  farming  at  Grenfell,  that  province,  for  three  years,  following 


HORI  WINDEBANK 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  517 

which  he  came  to  British  Columbia.  When  he  first  came  here  he  engaged  in  the 
sawmill  business  at  Port  Moody  for  two  years,  going  from  there  to  Vancouver, 
where  he  followed  the  same  activity  for  a  year.  In  1890,  he  came  to  Mission  City 
and  established  a  hotel.  Meeting  with  success  in  his  undertaking  he  was  later  able 
to  extend  the  scope  of  his  activities  to  other  lines,  until  his  interests  now  by  far 
exceed  those  of  any  other  citizen  in  the  town.  His  first  hotel  was  destroyed  by 
fire,  but  he  immediately  rebuilt  it  and  resumed  business.  Later  he  disposed  of 
this  place  and  erected  the  Bellevue  Hotel,  a  more  thoroughly  modern  structure, 
which  he  still  owns.  He  also  owns  and  operates  the  lunch-room  at  the  railway 
station,  a  feed  store  and  butcher  shop,  in  addition  to  which  he  is  engaged  in  the 
lumber,  coal  and  storage  business.  It  was  Mr.  Windebank  who  established  the 
waterworks  system,  and  electric  light  and  ice  plants,  all  of  which  he  still  owns 
and  operates.  In  addition  to  his  various  commercial  enterprises  he  owns  some  of 
the  most  desirable  real  estate  in  the  town.  He  has  recently  installed  a  sawmill  at 
Silver  Creek,  of  considerable  capacity.  He  is  most  enterprising  and  progressive 
and  spares  no  effort  to  promote  the  development  of  the  community,  which  he  has 
directed  along  well  organized  and  commendable  lines. 

At  Portsmouth,  England,  in  the  year  1878,  Mr.  Windebank  was  married  to 
Miss  Jane  Barter,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Ann  Barter. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Windebank  are  members  of  the  Church  of  England,  and  he 
accords  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party.  The  vast  extent  of  his 
private  interests  precludes  the  possibility  of  his  active  participation  in  public 
affairs,  but  he  is  not  remiss  in  matters  of  citizenship,  but  on  the  contrary  ever 
ready  to  extend  his  indorsement  to  any  movement  that  he  feels  will  promote 
the  general  welfare  of  the  people  or  advance  the  development  of  the  municipality. 
Mr.  Windebank  deserves  high  commendation  for  the  capable  manner  in  which 
he  has  directed  his  undertakings  and  the  excellent  use  he  has  made  of  his  oppor- 
tunities. Since  a  lad  of  tender  years  he  has  made  his  way  in  the  world  unaided, 
handicapped  in  a  measure  by  his  limited  education,  although  his  wide  and  varied 
experience  in  life  has  developed  in  him  the  foresight,  keen  discernment  and  general 
business  sagacity,  which  have  formed  the  dominant  factors  in  his  career.  Through 
his  own  efforts  he  has  risen  from  an  impecunious  position  to  one  of  affluence,  his 
pursuits  having  been  directed  in  accordance  with  commonly  accepted  commercial 
methods  consistent  with  recognized  standards  along  various  lines  of  business  activ- 
ity. His  fellow  townsmen  accord  him  the  respect  and  esteem  ever  extended  to 
those  who  are  able  to  dominate  conditions  and  through  their  own  efforts  achieve 
the  goal  of  their  ambition  in  any  line  of  endeavor. 


WILLIAM  W.  BOULTBEE. 

William  W.  Boultbee,  whose  business  enterprise  and  initiative  spirit  are 
manifest  in  the  important  work  he  has  accomplished  as  manager  for  C.  Gardner 
Johnson  &  Company  and  vice  president  of  the  Boultbee-Johnson,  Company, 
Limited,  ship  brokers  and  general  agents,  is  one  of  the  most  progressive,  able 
and  prosperous  of  the  younger  business  men  of  Vancouver.  He  was  born  in 
Hamilton,  Ontario,  February  n,  1879,  and  '1S  a  son  °f  John  and  Elizabeth  Boult- 
bee, the  former  for  many  years  police  magistrate  in  Vancouver. 

William  W.  Boultbee  was  still  a  child  when  his  parents  moved  to  this  city 
and  he  has  made  Vancouver  his  home  during  practically  all  of  his  active  life. 
He  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  and  after  laying  aside  his 
books  entered  the  employ  of  the  A.  B.  C.  Packing  Company,  remaining  with 
them  for  eight  years.  In  1901  he  resigned  in  order  to  accept  the  position  of 
manager  of  the  cannery  for  the  Wales  Island  Packing  Company  of  Alaska, 
identifying  his  interests  with  those  of  that  concern  for  three  years,  after  which 
he  returned  to  Vancouver,  where  he  became  connected  with  C.  Gardner  Johnson 
&  Company,  ship  brokers  and  general  agents.  In  the  following  year  he  bought 


518  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

stock  in  the  concern  and  was  appointed  manager,  a  position  which  he  still  holds 
and  which  has  called  forth  his  excellent  executive  and  administrative  ability,  his 
sound  and  discriminating  business  judgment.  These  qualities  gained  for  him 
the  esteem  and  confidence  of  his  associates  in  business  and  when,  in  April,  1913, 
the  Boultbee-Johnson  Company,  Limited,  was  founded  and  incorporated  he  was 
made  vice  president.  The  concerns  with  which  he  is  connected  are  among  the 
largest  and  most  important  of  their  kind  in  the  city,  and  Mr.  Boultbee's  position 
with  them  is  conclusive  evidence  of  his  high  standing  in  business  circles. 

On  the  2Oth  of  June,  1906,  in  Victoria,  Mr.  Boultbee  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  F.  U.  Nicholles,  a  daughter  of  Major  John  Nicholles,  of  that  city.  They 
are  the  parents  of  two  children,  Jack  Gardner  and  Betty. 

Mr.  Boultbee  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  belongs  to  the 
Vancouver  Club.  He  is  connected  fraternally  with  Cascade  Lodge,  No.  12, 
A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs,  taking  an  active 
interest  in  projects  to  promote  municipal  upbuilding  and  development,  although 
he  is  not  active  as  an  office  seeker.  He  is  a  business  man  of  marked  energy  and 
laudable  ambition,  who  seldom  fails  to  carry  forward  to  successful  completion 
whatever  he  undertakes. 


C.  H.  STUART  WADE,  F.  R.  C.  I.  (ENG).  F.  G.  S.  AM. 

Of  English  birth,  C.  H.  Stuart  Wade  has  become  an  important  factor  in  the 
development  of  the  Canadian  northwest.  He  is  now  secretary  of  the  Board  of 
Trade  and  also  the  city  publicity  commissioner  of  New  Westminster.  His  labors, 
too,  have  been  felt  in  scientific  circles  and  in  support  of  fraternal  interests  and 
in  fact  his  aid  has  been  generously  given  where  the  welfare  of  the  country  ren- 
dered it  necessary.  He  was  born  in  Macclesfield,  Cheshire,  England,  January  5, 
1858,  his  father  being  Thomas  Wade,  L.  R.  C.  P.,  M.  S.  A.,  the  head  master 
of  Stonehouse  Scholastic  Institute  and  a  descendant  of  one  of  the  oldest  Brit- 
ish families.  C.  H.  S.  Wade  was  educated  in  the  Plymouth  Collegiate  School 
and  at  Kings  College  and  received  his  commission  as  a  lieutenant  but  resigned 
to  enter  the  civil  service.  He  held  many  important  positions  in  that  connection. 
He  was  decorated  by  the  late  Lord  Salisbury  for  special  services.  In  1897  he 
came  to  Canada  and  was  special  correspondent  in  the  farthest  north  during  the 
Klondyke  rush  for  the  Winnipeg  Free  Press  in  the  then  unknown  wilds  of  Atha- 
basca and  the  Peace  River  district.  In  Edmonton  he  was  known  principally 
through  his  work  as  a  magistrate,  having  conducted  most  of  the  criminal  cases 
there  for  several  years.  Among  the  most  important  of  the  murder  trials  he  sat 
upon  were  the  famous  Lesser  Slave  Lake  (King  trial)  and  the  Red  Deer  cases, 
both  lasting  over  ten  days. 

Mr.  Wade's  scientific  work  has  been  acknowledged  by  fellowship  in  the 
British  Society  of  Arts  &  Sciences,  in  the  Royal  Horticultural  Society,  the 
Royal  Geographical,  Historical  and  other  Canadian  societies.  He  is  an  able 
and  prolific  writer  and  makes  frequent  contributions  to  the  press  throughout 
Canada  as  well  as  in  England. 

Mr.  Wade  came  to  the  Northwest  Territories  in  1897  and  after  spending  over 
three  years  in  exploring  the  Peace,  Mackenzie  and  Athabasca  river  districts 
located  in  Edmonton,  where  he  became  magistrate  and  publicity  commissioner  of 
northern  Alberta.  In  the  latter  connection  he  did  important  work  to  exploit  the 
interests  of  the  district  and  make  known  its  resources  and  possibilities.  Prom- 
inence came  to  him  in  other  connections,  for  he  was  made  grand  registrar  of 
Masons  for  Alberta.  In  1908  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  subsequently 
was  appointed  secretary  of  the  Board  of  Trade  and  city  publicity  commissioner 
of  New  Westminster,  in  which  public  positions  he  still  continues.  His  efforts 
in  this  connection  are  proving  resultant.  He  has  instituted  many  new  methods 
for  work  of  this  character  and  is  constantly  formulating  new  plans  which  result 


C.  H.  STUART  WADE 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  521 

beneficially  in  making  known  to  the  world  the  opportunities  here  to  be  enjoyed 
and  the  resources  which  nature  has  stored  up  in  this  section  of  the  country  for 
those  who  care  to  utilize  them.  His  advice  is  freely  placed  at  the  disposal  of 
all  investigators  regarding  British  Columbia's  resources. 

Mr.  Wade  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Agnes  Phillips,  of  London,  Eng- 
land, and  they  have  become  parents  of  three  sons  and  three  daughters:  Charles 
Edmund,  who  is  now  in  the  land  registry  office  of  New  Westminister;  Harold 
George,  of  Coquitlam;  Herbert  Alfred,  assistant  superintendent  of  education  in 
Honolulu;  Minnie  Beatrice,  the  wife  of  William  Eraser,  of  Kelowna,  British 
Columbia;  Kate  Frances,  the  wife  of  D.  G.  Crozier,  of  Armstrong,  British 
Columbia;  and  Lillian  Ernestine,  at  home. 

Mr.  Wade  among  other  honors,  possesses  one  recently  bestowed,  as  fellow 
of  the  Royal  Colonial  Institute.  His  present  Masonic  connections  are  with 
Lewis  Lodge,  No.  57,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.;  Westminister  Chapter,  No.  124,  R.  A.  M.; 
Westminister  Preceptory,  No.  56,  K.  T. ;  and  Al  Azhar  Temple,  A.  A.  O.  N.  M.  S,. 
of  Calgary.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  Lewis  Lodge  in  New  Westminister, 
and  is  an  honorary  life  member  of  Jasper  Lodge  at  Edmonton.  He  was  also 
one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Royal  Cariboo  Order  and  is  deputy  supreme  chief 
pioneer  of  the  Cariboo  Brotherhood.  He  has  not  only  been  a  witness  of  the 
changes  which  have  occurred  in  the  northwest  since  pioneer  times  but  also  an 
active  participant  in  the  work  of  development  and  progress.  What  he  has 
accomplished  can  scarcely  be  measured,  but  it  is  well  known  that  his  influence 
has  been  a  far-reaching  one  and  that  his  labors  have  been  productive  of  prac- 
tical and  beneficial  results.  He  is  numbered  among  those  men  whose  prescience 
enables  them  to  understand  much  of  what  the  future  has  in  store  for  this  grow- 
ing western  country  and,  laboring  according  to  the  dictates  of  his  faith  and  judg- 
ment, he  has  accomplished  much. 


SAMUEL  JAMES  MONTGOMERY. 

The  list  of  city  officials  of  Vancouver  contains  the  name  of  no  more  able, 
far-sighted  and  discriminating  public  servant  than  Samuel  James  Montgomery, 
who  since  1906  has  been  secretary  of  the  Vancouver  board  of  works  and  who 
is  also  serving  in  an  efficient  and  capable  way  as  secretary  of  the  water  com- 
mittee. He  was  born  in  Belfast,  Ireland,  on  the  I2th  of  August,  1878,  and  is 
a  son  of  Samuel  and  Frances  Montgomery.  In  the  acquirement  of  an  education 
he  attended  public  school  in  his  native  city  and  after  he  laid  aside  his  books 
became  connected  with  the  Belfast  &  County  Down  Railway  Company,  re- 
maining in  their  employ  for  about  twelve  years  and  obtaining  during  that  time 
a  comprehensive  knowledge  of  the  best  methods  of  operation  in  the  audit  and 
secretarial  department  of  railroading.  This  knowledge  and  his  excellent  former 
experience  proved  invaluable  to  him  when  in  1904  he  came  to  Canada,  locating 
in  Montreal,  where  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad, 
beginning  as  an  attache  of  the  dining  car  department  and  being  transferred  after 
six  months  to  the  ticket  office  department,  where  he  remained  for  a  similar  period 
of  time.  In  1905  he  made  an  entire  change  in  his  active  interests,  coming  to 
Vancouver  and  accepting  a  position  with  the  Cascade  Laundry  and  later  with  a 
manufacturer's  agent,  which  he  held  for  one  year,  resigning  in  order  to  take 
charge  of  the  board  of  works  payroll  and  was  in  a  short  time  appointed  secretary 
of  the  board,  a  capacity  in  which  he  has  acted  with  signal  credit  and  ability 
since.  To  the  duties  of  that  office  he  adds  those  of  secretary  of  the  water  com- 
mittee, and  all  of  the  important  affairs  under  his  charge  'are  managed  systemati- 
cally, capably  and  with  great  discrimination  and  foresight,  Mr.  Montgomery's 
official  record  reflecting  credit  upon  his  honor  and  his  ability  alike. 

On  the  ist  of  June,  1911,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Montgomery  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  May  Geddes,  a  daughter  of  James  and  May  Geddes  and  a 

vol.  m—  i  s 


522  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

descendant  of  an  old  north  of  Ireland  family.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Montgomery  are 
well  and  favorably  known  in  this  city.  Mr.  Montgomery  is  a  member  of  the 
Presbyterian  church  and  his  life  has  been  at  all  times  in  "harmony  with  his 
beliefs  as  a  member  of  that  denomination.  In  business  and  in  politics  he  has 
made  an  excellent  record,  his  success  coming  as  a  natural  result  of  unusual 
ability,  guided  and  controlled  by  high  standards  of  honor  and  integrity. 


ANDREW  EDWARD  TALBOT  LIDDLE. 

Among  the  young  men  of  Vancouver  whose  enterprising  and  progressive 
spirit  influences  in  an  important  way  the  character  and  direction  of  business 
development  in  the  city,  is  numbered  Andrew  Edward  Talbot  Liddle,  controlling 
a  large  and  representative  patronage  as  a  real-estate  dealer  in  Vancouver.  He 
was  born  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  on  the  loth  of  August,  1882,  and  is  a  son  of 
Andrew  and  Mary  Liddle,  representatives  of  old  Scotch  families.  In  the  public 
schools  of  Wales  and  England  he  acquired  his  education  and  in  April,  1899,  after 
laying  aside  his  books,  came  to  Canada,  locating  first  in  Montreal,  Quebec, 
where  he  was  employed  in  various  capacities  until  1902.  In  that  year  he  came 
to  British  Columbia,  settling  in  Revelstoke,  where  he  entered  the  employ  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Company  as  accountant.  After  four  years  in  their 
service  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  in  1906  established  himself  in  the  real-estate 
and  insurance  business  here,  a  line  of  work  in  which  he  still  continues  active. 
Being  an  expert  judge  of  land  values  and  a  resourceful  and  able  business  man 
as  well,  he  has  made  his  enterprise  prosper  from  the  beginning  and  it  has  now 
reached  gratifying  proportions.  Both  branches  are  ably  managed  and  their 
importance  has  gained  Mr.  Liddle  recognition  in  business  circles,  where  he  is 
known  and  respected  as  a  progressive,  able  and  far-sighted  business  man. 

Mr.  Liddle  belongs  to  the  Terminal  City  Club  and  is  connected  fraternally 
with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  His  religious  views  are  in  accord 
with  the  doctrines  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  politically  he  affiliates  with 
the  conservative  party.  In  1912  he  was  appointed  justice  of  the  peace  of  British 
Columbia  and  has  served  creditably  and  ably  in  this  position.  He  is  not  in  any 
sense  an  active  politician.  Most  of  his  attention  is  given  to  his  business  affairs 
and  although  he  is  still  a  young  man  he  has  made  these  important  and  lucrative, 
his  ability  and  energy  standing  as  a  guarantee  for  continued  progress  and  greater 
success  in  the  future. 


HUGH  MURRAY  ERASER. 

Hugh  Murray  Eraser,  of  McKay,  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  firm  of 
Dow,  Eraser  &  Company,  Ltd.,  conducting  a  general  real-estate,  insurance  and 
financial  brokerage  business,  in  which  connection  they  have  carried  on  large  opera- 
tions. Mr.  Eraser  was  born  in  Stratford,  Ontario,  December  28,  1866,  and  is  a 
son  of  John  M.  and  Janet  (Stewart)  Eraser,  the  former  a  native  of  the  city  of 
Perth,  Scotland.  As  a  boy  of  nine  years  the  father  sailed  from  Scotland  to  Canada 
with  his  parents  and  family  to  join  a  colony  already  established  in  Perth  county, 
Ontario.  Cholera  broke  out  on  shipboard  and  the  father,  mother  and  all  other 
members  of  the  family  died  save  John  M.  Eraser,  who  was  taken  into  the  family 
of  John  Murray,  who  reared  him  and  whose  name,  Murray,  was  given  to  the 
subject  of  this  review,  Hugh  Murray  Eraser.  After  reaching  manhood  John  M. 
Eraser  engaged  in  the  dry-goods  business  at  Stratford  for  a  half  century  and  then 
retired,  turning  over  the  business  to  a  son,  who  still  continues  it.  He  and  his  wife 
still  reside  in  Stratford.  Mr.  Eraser  was  a  successful  man  in  every  sense  of  the 
term.  He  seemed  to  possess  intuitive  wisdom  and  judgment  in  regard  to  business 


HUGH  M.  ERASER 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  525 

transactions,  combined  with  an  enterprising  and  progressive  spirit  that  made  his 
store  one  of  the  foremost  establishments  in  that  line  in  Stratford.  Moreover,  Mr. 
Fraser  was  thoroughly  reliable  in  all  his  dealings  and  no  man  ever  had  reason 
to  question  his  honesty  and  integrity  in  business  transactions.  His  many  sub- 
stantial qualities  won  for  him  the  respect  and  good-will  of  all.  His  wife,  who 
bore  the  maiden  name  of  Janet  Stewart,  was  a  daughter  of  John  Stewart,  whose 
ancestors  also  emigrated  from  Perthshire,  Scotland,  to  Perth  county,  Ontario. 

Hugh  M.  Fraser,  whose  name  introduces  this  review,  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  Stratford,  Ontario,  after  which  he  entered  the  employ  of  his 
father  in  the  dry-goods  business.  In  1887  he  went  to  Chicago,  Illinois,  where 
he  was  connected  with  the  dry-goods  interests  of  various  large  department  stores 
until  1895,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  and  entered  the  employ 
of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  in  the  dry-goods  department  of  their  store  in 
that  city,  then  under  the  management  of  H.  T.  Lockyear.  After  a  short  time  Mr. 
Fraser  was  sent  to  Calgary,  Alberta,  to  take  over  the  management  of  the  dry- 
goods  department  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  store  at  that  place.  He  continued  there 
for  three  years  and  was  then  returned  to  Vancouver.  Realizing  the  promise  of 
growth  in  the  city  and  believing  that  real-estate  values  would  rapidly  increase 
and  other  property  investments  would  prove  profitable,  he  resigned  from  the 
employ  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  and  entered  the  real-estate  business  in 
Vancouver  in  1900,  organizing  the  firm  of  Dow,  Fraser  &  Company,  Ltd.,  of 
which  he  became  president.  This  company  has  become  one  of  the  foremost  in 
its  line  in  western  Canada.  They  conduct  a  general  real-estate,  insurance  and 
financial  brokerage  business  and  are  a  trust  company  as  well.  They  are  and 
always  have  been  large  operators  and  their  slogan  "at  it  here  since  1900"  is  a 
familiar  one  to  residents  of  British  Columbia.  Mr.  Fraser  continued  as  president 
of  the  company  until  1910,  when  he  resigned  and  retired  from  active  business  to 
look  after  his  personal  affairs,  which  include  large  real-estate  holdings. 

He  has  always  been  active  in  matters  pertaining  to  the  growth  and  develop- 
ment of  this  city  and  province  and  his  labors  have  been  of  a  practical  and  effective 
character.  In  1905  he  took  up  his  residence  at  what  is  now  McKay,  in  Burnaby, 
a  suburb  of  Vancouver  when  that  district  was  still  a  veritable  wilderness.  It 
is  today  a  beautiful  residence  section,  dotted  with  attractive  homes  standing  in 
the  midst  of  beautiful,  well  kept  lawns.  Mr.  Fraser  has  been  very  active  in  the 
development  of  this  section,  has  realized  its  possibilities  and  has  labored  indefat- 
igably  for  the  attainment  of  the  end  desired.  He  has  also  been  an  earnest  worker 
for  municipal  interests,  and  has  been  active  in  politics  in  Burnaby.  He  gives  his 
allegiance  to  the  liberal  party  and  is  now  filling  the  office  of  president  of  the 
Liberal  Association  of  Burnaby. 

On  the  8th  of  June,  1892,  Mr.  Fraser  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Helen 
Rigg,  a  daughter  of  Robert  Rigg,  of  Stratford,  Ontario,  where  he  was  engaged  in 
the  contracting  business.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fraser  holds  membership  in  the  Presby- 
terian church.  Theirs  is  a  pleasant  home  and  its  hospitality  is  greatly  enjoyed  by 
their  many  friends. 


THOMAS  JENKINS. 

A  spirit  of  energy,  progress  and  enterprise,  guided  and  controlled  by  sound 
and  practical  judgment,  has  actuated  Thomas  Jenkins  in  all  his  activities  and 
has  brought  him  while  still  a  young  man  into  important  relations  with  the  general 
business  life  of  Vancouver,  where  he  is  secretary  and  treasurer  of  Williamson 
&  Jenkins,  Limited,  wholesale  and  retail  dealers  in  crockery,  glassware  and  hotel 
supplies.  He  was  born  in  Verdun,  Quebec,  on  the  2d  of  July,  1878,  and  is  a 
son  of  Henry  and  Emma  Jenkins,  of  that  place. 

In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Thomas  Jenkins  attended  public  school 
and  high  school  in  Montreal  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  entered  the  office 


526  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

of  Gault  Brothers  of  that  city.  Several  years  later  he  came  in  their  interests 
to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  where  for  a  time  he  continued  his  original 
business  connection,  severing  it  in  1902  in  order  to  become  connected  with  F. 
Buscombe  &  Company,  Limited,  dealers  in  wholesale  crockery.  Thus  he  gained  his 
experience  in  a  line  of  work  with  which  he  is  still  connected  and  his  ability  was 
soon  widely  recognized,  for  his  industry  and  enterprise  carried  him  forward  into 
important  business  relations.  He  remained  with  F.  Buscombe  &  Company,  Limi- 
ted, until  1908,  when  he  went  into  partnership  with  J.  B.  Williamson  under  the 
name  of  Williamson  &  Jenkins.  This  continued  until  1912,  when  the  business  was 
incorporated  as  Williamson  &  Jenkins,  Limited,  Mr.  Jenkins  being  elected  secretary 
and  treasurer.  In  this  capacity  his  remarkable  business  and  executive  ability 
have  been  called  forth  and  the  success  of  the  institution  has  been  affected  in  an 
important  way  by  his  well  directed  efforts.  The  company  is  today  in  control 
of  an  important  and  growing  trade  along  its  special  line  and  is  a  recognized 
factor  in  the  general  commercial  development  of  the  city,  where  Mr.  Jenkins 
is  known  as  a  representative  business  man.  He  is  vice  president  of  the  River 
Land  &  Water  Frontage  Company. 

Mr.  Jenkins  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church  and  is  a  conservative  in 
his  political  beliefs,  taking  an  intelligent  and  helpful  interest  in  the  upbuilding 
and  growth  of  the  community,  although  never  seeking  public  office.  He  belongs 
to  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Club,  the  Western  Club,  the  Vancouver  Lawn 
Tennis  Club  and  the  British  Columbia  Golf  Club,  and  these  connections  indicate 
that  he  is  a  devotee  of  outdoor  sports,  spending  a  great  many  of  his  leisure  hours 
in  these  recreations.  He  is  well  known  in  business  and  social  circles  of  Vancouver 
and  has  ever  enjoyed  in  the  fullest  degree  the  respect  and  confidence  of  his 
fellowmen,  his  worth  as  a  man  and  a  citizen  being  widely  acknowledged. 


JAMES  HOWARD. 

James  Howard  is  vice  president  of  the  Ross  &  Howard  Iron  Works  at  Van- 
couver and  thus  actively  identified  with  industrial  interests  of  the  city.  This  is  the 
oldest  established  enterprise  of  the  kind  in  British  Columbia  and  the  largest  west 
of  Winnipeg.  Its  success  has  been  builded  in  a  large  measure  upon  the  energy 
and  enterprise  of  Mr.  Howard,  a  capable  business  man  to  whom  difficulties  and 
obstacles  serve  but  as  an  impetus  for  renewed  effort.  He  was  born  in  St.  John's, 
Newfoundland,  July  30,  1865,  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  that  city. 
He  made  his  initial  step  in  the  business  world  as  an  apprentice  to  the  foundry 
trade  in  the  Consolidated  Foundry  of  St.  John's,  where  he  completed  his  term  of 
indenture.  Crossing  the  border  into  the  United  States,  he  remained  in  the  east 
for  a  time,  working  at  his  trade,  and  afterward  went  to  Minneapolis,  Minnesota, 
where  he  spent  two  years.  In  1889  he  again  became  a  resident  of  the  Dominion, 
living  for  a  year  in  Victoria,  after  which  he  came  to  Vancouver.  He  then  fol- 
lowed his  trade  in  this  city  until  the  fall  of  1892,  when  he  embarked  in  the  iron 
business  on  his  own  account,  forming  a  partnership  with  John  F.  Ross  under 
the  firm  style  of  Ross  &  Howard.  Their  first  plant  was  on  Alexander  street,  op- 
posite the  Europe  Hotel,  and  they  then  removed  to  Carroll  street,  where  the  Re- 
form Association  buildings  now  stand.  Owing  to  the  increasing  volume  of  their 
business,  they  were  forced  to  seek  still  larger  quarters  and  came  to  their  present 
location,  at  which  time  the  firm  style  was  changed  to  the  Ross  &  Howard  Iron 
Works.  The  business  is  now  situated  near  Powell  street  at  the  foot  of  Woodland 
drive.  They  occupy  over  six  acres  and  have  both  railroad  and  water  frontage 
with  private  dockage.  They  manufacture  all  kinds  of  boilers,  engines,  castings, 
structural  steel  and  everything  known  to  the  iron  industry  and  have  a  most  mod- 
ern plant  thoroughly  equipped  with  the  latest  improved  machinery  needed  in 
their  line.  Their  output  finds  ready  sale  upon  the  market  and  their  business  is 
steadily  growing.  Mr.  Howard  was  also  one  of  the  originators  and  is  the  treasurer 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  527 

of  the  Compressed  Gas  Company,  which  was  organized  in  the  fall  of  1910  and  is 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  welding  machinery,  Prestolite  gas  and  oxygen. 
He  is  likewise  a  director  of  the  Point  Grey  Lands  &  Investment  Company,  a 
director  of  the  A.  R.  Williams  Machinery  Company  of  Vancouver,  and  is  a  stock- 
holder in  the  Metropolitan  building.  His  business  affairs  have  been  carefully 
managed  and  the  intelligent  direction  of  his  interests,  combined  with  unflagging 
enterprise,  has  brought  him  a  measure  of  success  which  places  him  in  a  prominent 
position  among  the  business  men  of  the  city. 

Aside  from  interests  which  directly  benefit  himself,  Mr.  Howard  is  active 
along  other  lines  looking  to  public  welfare  and  humanitarian  progress.  He  is  a 
life  governor  of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital  and  his  fraternal  spirit  finds  ex- 
pression in  his  membership  in  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  He  is 
also  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade,  the  Terminal  City  Club  and  the  Com- 
mercial Club  and  Vancouver  can  always  rely  upon  his  aid  to  further  any  plan  or 
project  for  the  public  good.  He  is  a  typical  citizen  and  business  man  of  the  age, 
alert,  far-sighted  and  ready  for  any  emergency,  and  what  he  has  accomplished 
represents  the  fit  utilization  of  his  innate  talents. 


MCLEAN  BROTHERS. 

McLean  Brothers,  capitalists  and  contractors,  are  classed  with  Vancouver's 
most  prominent  citizens.  They  have  been  located  here  since  pioneer  times  and 
their  work  in  this  province  has  always  been  along  development  lines,  leading 
to  the  substantial  improvement  of  city  and  district.  The  brothers  are  sons  of 
Hector  and  Margaret  (McLean)  McLean,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Scot- 
land, the  former  having  been  born  on  the  isle  of  Islay  and  the  latter  on  the  isle 
of  Coll.  They  were  married  on  the  former  isle,  where  they  lived  for  a  few 
years  and  then  removed  to  Harris,  Inverness-shire.  Having  learned  the  trade 
of  shipbuilder  on  the  Clyde  river  some  years  before,  the  father  followed  his  trade 
in  Harris  for  nine  years.  In  1863  he  came  to  Canada,  landing  at  Quebec  on  the 
24th  of  May.  He  settled  on  a  farm  in  Minto  township  in  the  county  of  Well- 
ington, Ontario,  and  upon  taking  up  his  abode  in  the  new  world  practically  re- 
tired, while  his  three  sons,  Lachlan,  Hugh  and  Norman,  took  up  the  business  of 
farming  and  lumbering.  Mrs.  McLean  died  at  Sable  Falls,  Bruce  county,  On- 
tario, June  20,  1889,  at  the  age  of  seventy  years,  while  Mr.  McLean  passed  away 
in  Vancouver  in  1895  at  the  very  venerable  age  of  ninety-three  years. 

The  three  brothers,  continuing  in  business  together,  have  always  been  known 
in  their  business  relations,  first  tinder  the  name  of  L.  &  H.  McLean  and  after- 
ward under  the  firm  style  of  McLean  Brothers. 

Lachlan  McLean,  the  eldest  brother,  was  born  on  the  isle  of  Islay,  Argyle- 
shire,  Scotland,  on  the  i6th  day  of  April,  1850,  and  received  his  education  in 
the  public  schools  of  Tarbert,  Harris,  Inverness-shire,  Scotland,  and  came  to 
Canada  with  his  parents  in  1863.  On  the  23d  of  January,  1878,  he  married 
Miss  Ann  Turner,  of  Arthur  township,  Wellington  county,  Ontario,  a  daughter 
of  Donald  and  Christina  (McMillan)  Turner,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  one 
child,  a  daughter,  living  at  home.  Mr.  McLean  was  one  of  the  organizers  of 
the  Gaelic  Society  of  Vancouver  and  is  at  present  chief  of  the  society. 

Hugh  .McLean  was  born  at  Tarbert,  Harris,  Scotland,  April  24,  1858.  Com- 
ing to  Canada  with  his  parents  in  1863,  he  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  Ontario.  On  November  14,  1887,  he  married  Miss  Jennie  F.  Wright,  a 
daughter  of  Robert  Wright,  of  Owen  Sound,  Ontario.  Mr.  Wright  was  a 
builder  and  a  prominent  man  in  that  section.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McLean  have  one 
daughter,  Jessie  T.,  at  home. 

Norman  McLean,  the  youngest  brother,  was  born  at  Tarbert,  August  26, 
1860.  He  received  his  education  in  the  common  and  high  schools  of  Ontario 
and  the  British  American  Commercial  College  of  Toronto.  On  February  2, 


528  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

1887,  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Eliza  Busby,  a  daughter  of  Wil- 
liam and  Eliza  (Hartley)  Busby.  Her  father  came  from  Northumberlandshire, 
England,  and  her  mother  from  Oxfordshire,  England.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McLean 
have  two  sons  and  a  daughter,  living  at  home. 

The  McLean  Brothers  were  engaged  in  farming  and  lumbering  in  Welling- 
ton county,  Ontario,  and  vicinity  until  1879.  In  1875  Lachlan  McLean  made  a 
trip  to  British  Columbia,  where  he  spent  a  year  in  building  the  bridges  on  the 
Cariboo  road  between  Hope  and  Yale.  In  1879  they  removed  to  Bruce  county 
and  purchased  the  Sable  mills  on  Lake  Huron,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Sable  river. 
In  1881  they  rebuilt  these  mills  and  continued  in  business  there  until  1890.  Five 
years  previous  to  this  they  had  also  purchased  a  sawmill  on  French  river,  which 
they  also  sold  in  1890,  closing  out  all  their  interests  in  Ontario  at  that  time. 

In  that  year  Lachlan  and  Hugh  McLean,  the  two  elder  brothers,  came  to 
Vancouver,  arriving  in  this  city  on  the  i8th  of  July,  1890.  They  immediately 
engaged  in  the  contracting  business  and  in  June,  1891,  were  joined  by  Norman 
McLean.  At  that  time  the  low  lying  lands  in  the  Eraser  valley  were  subject 
to  overflow  and  such  dykes  as  had  been  built  were  constructed  by  hand  and  in 
a  crude  manner.  The  McLean  Brothers  were  among  the  first  to  introduce  the 
building  of  dykes  by  dredging.  The  first  contract  let  for  this  kind  of  work 
was  on  Lulu  island.  Many  people  doubted  the  success  of  the  undertaking,  but 
the  work  was  completed  in  a  most  satisfactory  manner.  Their  next  work  was 
at  Boundary  bay,  with  contracts  at  Pitt  Meadows,  or  Maple  Ridge,  Coquitlam, 
Langley,  Matsqui  and  Chilliwack,  the  last  of  these  being  completed  in  1903. 
McLean  Brothers  was  the  only  firm  in  Canada  which  engaged  in  this  class  of 
contracting  on  a  large  scale.  They  were  also  engaged  in  much  bridge  and  rail- 
way construction  work  throughout  the  province,  and  in  various  sections  are 
seen  evidences  of  their  skill,  their  handiwork  and  their  scientific  knowledge.  In 
1896  they  formed  a  syndicate  for  the  purpose  of  building  a  road  across  the 
Hope  mountains  from  the  east  to  the  Pacific  coast,  being  the  first  to  ever  pro- 
pose such  an  undertaking.  They  spent  much  of  their  time  for  fifteen  years 
in  promoting  this  enterprise,  but  due  to  the  failure  on  the  part  of  the  Dominion 
government  to  grant  a  subsidy,  they  were  unable  to  go  through  with  the  project. 

They  are  the  holders  of  extensive  timber  limits  on  Vancouver  island  and  have 
other  large  financial  interests.  Though  for  six  years  past  they  have  been  retired 
from  the  contracting  business  and  devote  their  attention  to  their  timber  and 
other  investments,  the  work  they  have  accomplished  places  them  among  the 
foremost  contractors  and  builders  of  British  Columbia.  They  have  been  an 
important  factor  in  the  constructive  development  of  this  province  and  their 
success  is  the  merited  reward  of  ability  wisely  directed,  not  only  for  their  own 
benefit,  but  for  the  public  weal. 


ARTHUR  BRYANT  CLABON. 

In  mining  circles  the  name  of  Arthur  Bryant  Clabon  of  Vancouver  is  well 
known,  his  efforts  having  constituted  an  important  element  in  the  development  of 
the  rich  mineral  resources  of  the  country  whereby  its  material  wealth  has  been 
greatly  increased.  He  is  now  interested  in  various  valuable  mining  properties 
and  his  investments,  judiciously  placed,  indicate  his  sound  judgment  and  keen 
sagacity.  He  was  born  at  Needham  Market,  Suffolk,  England,  September  16, 
1867,  and  after  acquiring  a  public-school  education  continued  his  residence  in  his 
native  land  until  twenty-three  years  of  age,  when,  in  1891,  he  came  to  Canada, 
spending  three  months  in  Montreal  and  Toronto.  He  then  made  his  way  to  the 
northwest,  remaining  for  a  year  and  a  half  in  Moose  Jaw,  Calgary  and  Innevail. 
The  first  week  in  January,  1893,  witnessed  his  arrival  in  Vancouver,  where  he 
continued  until  1895,  and  then  went  to  Rossland,  British  Columbia,  where  he  was 


ARTHUR  B.  CLABON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  531 

engaged  in  the  real-estate  and  mining  business.  He  became  interested  in  mining 
in  the  Boundary  and  Similkameen  districts  and  made  his  home  in  Rossland  until 
1901.  During  the  following  decade  much  of  his  time  was  spent  in  eastern 
Canada  and  England.  In  1906  he  became  interested  in  the  Cobalt  section  of 
Ontario,  remaining  in  that  province  until  1909.  He  then  returned  to  Vancouver 
and  became  interested  in  properties  on  the  coast.  He  is  now  interested  in  the 
Kingston  gold  and  copper  mine  at  Hedley  in  the  Similkameen,  but  is  best  known 
through  his  connection  with  the  organization  and  development  of  the  Surf  Inlet 
Gold  Mines,  Ltd.,  a  valuable  mining  project,  practically  owned  and  controlled  by 
Vancouver  business  men,  which  was  organized  in  1910  and  has  proven  a  most 
successful  venture. 

In  1911  Mr.  Clabon  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Emmie  Aldridge,  who 
came  from  England  to  New  York  city,  where  she  was  met  by  Mr.  Clabon,  and 
there  they  were  married  on  the  i6th  of  December  of  that  year. 

Mr.  Clabon  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Board  of  Trade  and  also  of  the 
Progress  Club,  and  is  interested  in  all  projects  and  plans  for  the  development 
and  improvement  of  the  city.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Vancouver 
Mining  Club,  which  has  since  been  merged  into  the  Chamber  of  Mines,  of  which 
he  is  vice  president.  They  have  recently  taken  as  quarters  the  whole  upper  floor 
of  the  Fee  building  on  Granville  street  and  have  a  splendid  organization,  doing 
excellent  work.  Mr.  Clabon  is  also  a  fellow  of  the  Royal  Colonial  Institute,  of 
London,  England.  He  has  long  been  actively  interested  in  athletics  and  in 
former  years  was  a -prominent  figure  in  cycle  sports.  In  1890  he  won  the  ten 
mile  championship  of  the  Ipswich  College  Cycling  Club,  in  the  days  when  the  old 
style  high-wheel  bicycle  was  yet  in  use.  Upon  coming  to  Vancouver  he  entered 
actively  into  the  sport  here  and  participated  in  a  number  of  races  at  the  Brocton 
Point  grounds,  winning  in  1893  the  first  prize  for  the  five  mile  race — a  handsome 
gold  watch  that  he  has  since  carried.  He  belongs  to  the  National  Liberal  Club  of 
London,  the  Terminal  City  Club  of  Vancouver  and  the  British  Columbia  Golf 
Club,  and  is  no  less  prominent  in  social  than  in  mining  circles. 


JOHN  WILLIAM  MAWSON. 

A  young  man  who  has  inaugurated  in  Vancouver  a  comparatively  new  line  of 
business,  but  one  with  which  he  is  thoroughly  familiar  in  principle  and  detail 
is  John  William  Mawson,  manager  of  the  local  branch  of  T.  H.  Mawson  & 
Sons,  landscape  architects  and  city  planning  experts,  with  headquarters  in 
London,  England.  Although  he  is  still  very  young  he  has  made  a  scientific  study 
of  the  various  methods  of  city  beautification,  combining  with  knowledge  a  sense  of 
the  artistic  and  an  appreciation  of  beauty  on  a  large  scale  which  have  been 
of  inestimable  value  to  him  in  his  chosen  work  and  have  besides  benefited 
Vancouver  in  a  noticeable  way. 

Mr.  Mawson  was  born  in  Windermere,  England,  December  i,  1886,  and  is  a 
son  of  Thomas  Hayton  and  Anna  Mawson.  Representatives  of  his  family  for 
over  one  hundred  and  sixty  years  have  followed  a  line  of  business  similar  to  that 
in  which  he  is  now  engaged,  and  the  father  has  organized  in  London  one  of  the 
largest  and  most  important  firms  of  this  character  in  the  world.  He  is  head  of  T. 
H.  Mawson  &  Sons,  landscape-  architects  and  city  planning  experts,  and  is  besides 
professor  in  landscape  architecture  in  the  University  of  Liverpool,  this  connec- 
tion indicating  the  high  esteem  in  which  he  is  held. 

John  W.  Mawson  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  grammar  school  at 
Windermere,  England,  and  under  private  tutors  and  after  laying  aside  his 
books  was  articled  to  Dan  Gibson,  of  Windermere,  under  whom  he  studied 
architecture,  qualifying  in  1907.  Not  considering  his  education^  complete,  how- 
ever, he  spent  the  next  two  years  in  travel,  studying  the  plan,  design  and  methods 
of  beautification  in  different  cities  of  the  world  and  becoming  thoroughly  famil- 


532  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

iar  with  both  ancient  and  modern  methods.  Upon  his  return  he  entered  the 
University  of  Liverpool,  taking  a  special  course  in  landscape  architecture  and 
city  designing,  receiving  a  certificate  at  the  end  of  the  first  year  and  a  diploma 
at  the  end  of  the  second.  He  was  thus  thoroughly  qualified  for  the  business 
which  he  intended  to  take  up  as  a  life  work  and  in  1911  entered  the  office  of 
T.  H.  Mawson  &  Sons  in  London,  thus  supplementing  his  theoretical  knowledge 
by  wide  practical  experience.  In  1912  he  came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia, 
in  order  to  take  charge  of  the  Canadian  office  of  the  firm,  and  he  has  here 
built  up  a  large  and  important  enterprise,  his  patronage  constantly  increasing 
as  the  nature  of  his  work,  his  proficiency  in  it  and  the  excellent  results  which 
he  obtains  become  more  widely  known.  Mr.  Mawson  has  done  a  great  deal 
to  promote  the  awakening  of  the  civic  spirit  in  Vancouver  by  placing  within  the 
reach  of  its  citizens  the  services  of  a  man  expert  in  municipal  beautification  and 
the  field  of  his  activities  will  undoubtedly  broaden  as  his  aims  and  accomplish- 
ments are  more  generally  realized. 

In  addition  to  his  connection  with  T.  H.  Mawson  &  Sons  he  is  also  a  director 
in  the  Bridge  River  Power  Company,  Limited.  He  is  chairman  of  the  civic 
improvement  committee  of  the  Progress  Club  of  Vancouver  and  his  special  knowl- 
edge of  the  work  which  this  organization  has  been  founded  to  promote  makes 
his  services  practically  invaluable.  Mr.  Mawson's  religious  views  are  those  of  a 
nonconformist  and  he  is  well  known  in  club  circles  of  Vancouver,  holding  mem- 
bership in  the  Vancouver  Rowing,  Hunt  and  Hockey  Clubs,  being  an  enthusiastic 
follower  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports.  He  is  still  a  young  man  but  he  has  already 
attained  enviable  success  in  business  and  he  will  undoubtedly  make  continued 
"  progress  in  his  chosen  field  as  he  possesses  the  ability  and  expert  skill  upon  which 
all  prosperity  is  founded. 


WALTER  WILLIAM  WALSH. 

Walter  William  Walsh  is  a  partner  in  one  of  the  leading  law  firms  of 
Vancouver,  practicing  under  the  firm  style  of  Williams,  Walsh,  McKim  & 
Housser.  He  was  born  in  Montreal,  Quebec,  June  4,  1875,  a  son  of  William 
and  Theresa  Mary  (Northgraves)  Walsh.  The  father,  who  was  born  in  Quebec, 
July  25,  1844,  was  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Catherine  Walsh,  and  was  engaged  in 
the  wholesale  and  retail  clothing  business  in  Montreal  from  1876  until  1878,  and 
at  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  from  1882  until  1896,  coming  in  the  latter  year  to 
Vancouver,  where  he  subsequently  organized  the  Metropolitan  Trust  Company, 
Ltd.,  of  which  he  became  the  president  and  so  continues.  In  1874  he  married 
Theresa  Mary  Northgraves,  a  daughter  of  the  late  William  J.  Northgraves,  of 
Belleville,  Ontario. 

Walter  W.  Walsh  attended  St.  Boniface  College  at  St.  Boniface,  Manitoba, 
and  the  Ottawa  University,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1896  with  the 
degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts  and  the  honorary  degree  of  Bachelor  Licentiate  of 
Philosophy.  Following  his  graduation  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  took  up  the 
study  of  law  in  the  office  and  under  the  direction  of  the  firm  of  McPhillips  & 
Williams  and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  in  1899,  at  which  time 
he  became  junior  partner  in  the  firm  of  McPhillips  &  Williams,  a  fact  which 
indicates  that  he  had  won  the  warm  regard  of  his  partners  during  his  student 
days.  He  remained  with  that  firm  until  1905,  when  it  was  dissolved  and  a  new 
organization  effected  under  the  name  of  Williams,  Shaw  &  Walsh.  This  con- 
tinued until  May,  1911,  when  a  change  in  partnership  led  to  the  adoption  of  the 
firm  style  of  Williams,  Walsh  &  McKim.  This  was  maintained  until  September, 
1912,  when  they  were  joined  by  a  fourth  partner  under  the  present  firm  style 
of  Williams,  Walsh,  McKim  &  Housser,  today  constituting  one  of  the  strong 
law  firms  of  Vancouver,  commanding  an  extensive  and  important  clientage. 


WALTER  ft.  WALSH 


535 

In  August,  1904,  Mr.  Walsh  was  married  to  Miss  Margaret  Catherine  Rigney, 
a  daughter  of  the  late  William  Rigney,  of  Kingston,  Ontario,  and  they  have  one 
child,  Catherine.  The  parents  are  members  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church  and 
Mr.  Walsh  belongs  to  the  Knights  of  Columbus.  His  political  support  is  given 
to  the  conservative  party  and  his  social  relations  are  with  the  Vancouver,  Jericho 
Country  and  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf  clubs.  He  is  still  a  comparatively  young 
man,  but  has  made  a  creditable  record  in  the  practice  of  his  profession. 


CLARENCE  MACLEAN  O'BRIAN. 

Clarence  MacLean  O'Brian  is  numbered  among  the  younger  barristers  of 
Vancouver  who  have  attained  reputations  that  many  an  older  member  of  the  bar 
might  well  envy.  He  has  continuously  engaged  in  practice  since  December,  1902, 
and  since  1903  has  been  an  active  practitioner  in  this  city.  He  was  born  at  Gren- 
ville,  Quebec,  February  14,  1880,  a  son  of  Dr.  Robert  S.  B.  and  Eugenia  (Mac- 
Lean)  O'Brian.  The  father  was  a  son  of  His  Honor,  Peter  O'Brian,  of  L'Orignal, 
Ontario,  who  was  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  widely  known  residents  of  the 
Ottawa  valley  at  the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1911  when  he  was  ninety- 
one  years  of  age.  He  was  probably  at  that  time  the  oldest  member  of  the  Law 
Society  of  Upper  Canada,  having  become  a  member  of  that  society  as  a  student 
in  1840.  His  wife,  who  bore  the  maiden  name  of  Hannah  Brock,  was  a  daughter 
of  Robert  Brock,  of  the  Seigneury  of  Longueuil. 

Robert  S.  B.  O'Brian  was  born  at  L'Orignal  and  was  educated  in  the  schools 
there,  after  which  he  entered  the  medical  department  of  McGill  University  at 
Montreal.  During  the  Fenian  raid  he  served  with  the  McGill  corps,  being  a 
student  of  the  school  at  the  time,  and  his  military  service  won  him  a  medal. 
Following  his  graduation  from  McGill  in  1873  w^tn  tne  degree  of  M.  D.  he  acted 
as  surgeon  in  connection  with  the  construction  work  of  the  Longsault  Canal. 
He  has  been  identified  with  the  interests  of  the  Pacific  coast  country  since  1882, 
in  which  year  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  locating  at  Nanaimo,  where  he  began 
practice,  remaining  an  active  representative  of  the  profession  there  until  his 
death  in  1907.  He  was  recognized  as  a  pioneer  in  the  province,  not  only  in  medi- 
cal circles  but  also  in  connection  with  business  and  politics.  In  1886  he  opposed 
the  government  on  the  question  of  the  subsidy  for  a  railroad  from  Victoria  to 
Nanaimo,  contesting  for  a  seat  in  the  provincial  parliament  against  the  Hon.  James 
Dunsmuir,  in  which  connection  he  was  defeated  by  less  than  fifty  votes — a  de- 
feat that  counted  almost  as  a  victory  for  he  ran  far  ahead  of  his  ticket.  In  1906 
he  again  contested  for  a  seat  in  the  provincial  parliament  as  a  conservative  but  was 
defeated  by  the  socialists.  He  was  a  fine  platform  speaker,  logical  and  strong  in 
his  reasoning  and  employing  his  gift  of  oratory  most  effectively.  He  established 
and  for  several  years  published  Westward  Ho,  which  was  at  first  a  weekly  but 
afterward  a  daily  paper  devoted  to  the  discussion  of  current  events,  literature  and 
art,  treating  the  topics  of  general  interest  in  an  unprejudiced  and  impartial  way 
that  made  the  articles  therein  appearing  of  distinct  value  as  authority  upon  many 
questions.  Dr.  O'Brian  was  also  an  active  factor  in  the  business  circles  of  the 
city  and  was  the  organizer  of  the  Nanaimo  Waterworks  Company.  He  was 
also  popular  socially  and  was  chosen  the  first  president  of  the  Nanaimo  Yacht  Club. 

Clarence  MacLean  O'Brian,  whose  name  introduces  this  record,  was  educated 
in  the  schools  of  Nanaimo  and  Victoria  and  then,  determining  to  make  the  practice 
of  law  his  life  work,  began  studying  in  the  office  and  under  the  direction  of  Robert 
Cassidy,  K.  C.,  of  Victoria.  His  preliminary  reading  was  thorough  and  in  Decem- 
ber, 1902,  he  was  called  to  the  bar,  whereupon  he  entered  into  active  practice 
in  connection  with  his  former  preceptor,  remaining  in  Victoria  until  1903,  when 
the  firm  established  chambers  in  Vancouver  and  Mr.  O'Brian  took  charge  of 
the  practice  in  that  city.  The  partnership  continued  until  1905,  when  it  was  dis- 


536  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

solved  and  Mr.  O'Brian  joined  William  Moore  McKay,  under  the  name  of  McKay 
&  O'Brian,  with  offices  in  the  Winch  building. 

On  the  4th  of  March,  1913,  at  Vancouver,  Mr.  O'Brian  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Dorothy,  third  daughter  of  Dr.  and  Mrs.  S.  J.  Tunstall,  of  Vancouver. 
Mr.  O'Brian's  military  experience  covers  four  years'  service  in  the  First  Regiment 
of  Victoria.  Reared  in  the  political  faith  of  the  conservative  party,  his  judgment 
has  indorsed  its  principles  and  he  has  always  supported  it  by  his  ballot  but  never 
seeks  nor  desires  the  rewards  of  office  in  recognition  of  party  fealty.  He  is  well 
known  in  club  circles,  holding  membership  with  the  Western,  Vancouver  Tennis 
and  Canadian  Clubs. 


HON.  WILLIAM  J.  ARMSTRONG. 

Living  in  his  eighty-seventh  year  in  New  Westminster,  William  J.  Armstrong 
is  one  of  the  most  conspicuous  figures  in  the  city — a  man  whose  life  record  is 
closely  interwoven  with  the  history  of  development  of  the  Canadian  northwest 
and  whose  activities  have  touched  upon  all  phases  of  life  in  the  advancement 
of  this  region.  Not  only  does  he  enjoy  the  distinction  of  having  been  the  first 
settler  of  New  Westminster,  where  he  built  the  first  residence  and  of  which  he 
became  the  first  merchant,  but  he  has  been  one  of  the  foremost  men  in  the 
political  life  of  the  province,  representing  his  district  for  many  years  in  the 
provincial  legislature,  serving  as  sheriff  of  his  county  and  sitting  in  the  cabinet 
as  minister  of  finance  and  agriculture,  rendering  services  in  that  capacity  which 
will  forever  connect  his  name  with  the  annals  of  British  Columbia.  Along  com- 
mercial lines  he  has  been  prominent,  having  been  connected  with  most  of 
the  important  industries  of  his  city  and  province  and  having  promoted  trade 
expansion  in  that  way.  For  many  years  he  served  as  justice  of  the  peace  and  is 
still  acting  in  that  capacity.  He  has  had  part  in  church  development  and  Bible 
work  to  a  considerable  degree.  A  master  mind,  he  has  through  masterly  efforts 
contributed  toward  upbuilding  along  practically  all  available  channels.  He  is 
one  of  the  grand  old  men  of  British  Columbia,  which  province  by  bestowing 
honor  upon  him  has  so  honored  itself.  The  man  who  built  the  first  house  in 
the  Royal  City  was  born  in  Peterboro,  Ontario,  on  October  31,  1826,  and  is  of 
Scotch  descent.  His  grandfather,  Mathew  Armstrong,  was  born  in  County 
Cavan,  Ireland,  however,  emigrating  from  Erin  to  Canada  in  1814  and  becoming 
a  pioneer  of  the  township  of  Cavan  in  Ontario,  to  which  he  gave  the  name. 
William  Armstrong,  his  son,  and  the  father  of  the  Hon.  W.  J.  Armstrong,  also 
first  saw  the  light  of  day  in  the  Emerald  isle,  his  birth  occurring  in  1800,  and 
came  with  his  father  to  Canada.  He  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Brown,  a  native 
of  County  Cavan,  Ireland,  and  subsequently  came  with  her  to  the  Pacific  coast 
country  and  followed  the  occupation  of  merchant  and  farmer  in  the  Dominion. 
A  man  of  public  spirit,  he  was  active  in  military  and  civic  affairs,  serving  as 
captain  of  militia  and  as  magistrate  for  many  years.  He  also  took  a  deep  interest 
in  church  work  and  both  he  and  his  wife  were  devoted  members  of  the  Episcopal 
church,  contributing  generously  to  its  work.  In  1851  the  father  removed  to 
Grass  Valley,  California,  becoming  one  of  the  pioneers  of  that  state,  the  change 
being  made  in  order  to  benefit  by  the  milder  climate.  After  many  years  of  active 
business  life  he  retired  and  lived  to  the  advanced  age  of  ninety-four  years. 

William  J.  Armstrong  attended  the  common  schools  of  Ontario  but  acquired 
most  of  his  education  through  self-study.  He  accompanied  his  parents  to  Cal- 
ifornia in  1851  and  there  engaged  in  placer  mining  in  Grass  Valley,  on  Iowa  Hill, 
with  varying  success.  He  was  subsequently  employed  at  various  kinds  of  labor, 
continuing  to  make  his  home  in  California  until  1858,  when  he  came  to  British 
Columbia,  locating  in  Langley,  where  the  work  of  permanent  settlement  had 
scarcely  been  begun,  although  the  rich  mineral  districts  of  that  region  had  drawn 
many  men  to  its  gold  fields.  At  that  time  Colonel  Moody  had  decided  upon  what  is 


HON.    WILLIAM    J.    ARMSTRONG 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  539 

•  1 

now  New  Westminster  as  a  site  for  a  capital  of  the  colony,  the  place  being  named 
Queensborough.     In  March,  1859,  Mr.  Armstrong  and  his  half  brother,  George 
Armstrong,  with  John  S.  McDonald,  proceeded  down  the  river  to  the  new  town 
site.     There  had  been  made  an  effort  to  establish  a  new  town  some  distance  up 
the  river,  to  be  called  Derby,  but  the  effort  failed  because  a  schooner  loaded  with 
lumber  and  bound  for  Derby,  upon  hearing  of  its  abandonment,  made  with  its 
cargo  for  Queensborough,  and  from  this  lumber  the  first  house  of  what  is  now 
New  Westminster  was  built  by  Mr.  Armstrong.     Therein  he  opened  a  small 
general  store,  becoming  the  first  merchant  of  the  city  as  he  was  its  first  residence 
builder.     His  first  stock  of  goods  was  secured  in  Victoria  and  he  continued  in 
this  business  with  ever  increasing  success  up  to  1873.     In  1860,  when  the  first 
town  council  was  elected,  he  was  chosen  a  member  of  the  board,  serving  in  that 
capacity  until   1873,  being  from   1869  until   1870  president  of  the  council  and 
doing  work  of  far-reaching  effect  in  that  capacity.     He  always  was  an  ardent 
champion  of  federation  and  after  this  was  accomplished  he  was  elected  to  rep- 
resent the  district  of  Westminster  in  the  provincial  legislature,  always  giving 
foremost  consideration  to  the  interests  of  those  whom  he  represented  and  being 
instrumental  in  passing  many  measures  which  have  gone  upon  the  statute  books 
of  the  province.     In  1873,  when  the  McCreight  government  was  defeated  by  the 
De  Cosmos  government,  he  joined  the  cabinet  of  the  latter  as  minister  of  finance 
and  agriculture,  retaining  that  important  office  until  1876,  when  his  party  was 
defeated.     He,  however,  continued  an  active  worker  on  the  opposition  benches 
until  1879,  during  which  year  a  deadlock  occurred  in  the  session  and  the  govern- 
ment was  about  to  appeal  to  the  country  without  having  passed  the  estimates 
when  Mr.  Armstrong,  understanding  the  financial  situation  and  perceiving  the 
effect  it  would  have  on  the  provincial  credit,  arranged  a  meeting  between  three 
representatives  from  each  party  in  order  to  secure  an  understanding.    In  that  way 
funds  were  voted  for  the  conduct  of  the  public  business  and  a  difficult  and  dan- 
gerous situation  eliminated.    In  the  general  election  of  1879  Mr.  Armstrong  stood 
as  a  candidate  for  New  Westminster  but  was  defeated  largely  on  account  of  his 
inability  to  make  a  personal  canvass,   owing  to  the  demands  made  upon  his 
time  by  his  extensive  private  interests.     In  the  bi-election  of    1881,  however, 
he  again  offered  himself  as  a  candidate  for  his  city  and  was  elected  by  an  over- 
whelming majority,  becoming  toward  the  close  of  this  session  provincial  secre- 
tary.    In  the  general  election  of  1882  he  was  again  returned  as  representative 
from  New  Westminster  but  his  party  was  then  in  the  minority  and  he  took  his 
seat  on  the  opposition  benches.     In  1883  he  was  appointed  sheriff  of  Westminster 
county  and  the  house  thus  lost  one  of  its  most  capable  and  energetic  members. 
He  subsequently  has  been  frequently  urged  to  stand  for  the  Dominion  and  pro- 
vincial legislatures  but  has  declined  to  again  enter  public  life.     However,  these 
manifold  and  exacting  activities  along  political  lines  did  not  demand  the  sole 
attention  of  Mr.  Armstrong,  for  he  became  in  that  time  equally  prominent  in 
business.     In    1867  he  built  a  flouring  mill  at   New   Westminster  which   was 
the  first  in  the  province  and  which  he  operated  successfully  until  1871.     In  1876 
he  also  built  a  sawmill  and  conducted  this  enterprise  until  1882.     Until  recent 
years  he  was  identified  with  most  of  the  important  industries  and  enterprises 
which  have  been  factors  in  the  upbuilding  and  development  of  Westminster  county 
and  his  work  in  that  capacity  cannot  be  overestimated.     He  was  appointed  by 
the  Imperial  government  and  filled  with  fairness  and  impartiality  the  position 
of  justice  of  the  peace  for  many  years  and  for  ten  years  held  the  position  of 
sheriff  of  Westminster  county,  resigning  on  the  end  of  that  period  in  favor  of  his 
son,  who  has  since  ably  conducted  the  affairs  of  that  office. 

In  1861  Hon.  William  J.  Armstrong  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  H.  C. 
Ladner,  a  native  of  Cornwall,  England,  and  to  this  union  were  born  three  sons 
and  three  daughters :  Sarah  Frances,  at  home ;  William  Thomas ;  W.  J.,  sheriff 
of  Westminster  county ;  Rosanna  Salina,  the  wife  of  Dr.  O.  Morris,  of  Vernon, 
British  Columbia ;  and  two  who  died  in  childhood.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Arm- 
strong are  devoted  members  of  the  Episcopal  church,  with  which  they  have 
been  long  connected.  Mr.  Armstrong  was  one  of  the  liberal  contributors  and 


540  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

an  active  spirit  in  the  building  of  the  present  church  edifice  and  has  for  years 
been  president  of  the  Westminster  branch  of  the  British  Columbia  and  Foreign 
Bible  Society.  His  Christianity  is  most  sincere  and  permeates  all  his  life  and 
all  his  actions.  Fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows  and  served  as  the  first  noble  grand  of  the  Westminster  lodge. 

To  make  his  native  talents  subserve  the  demands  of  the  social  and  business 
conditions  of  the  day  has  been  the  ambition  of  his  life  and  the  ultimate  purpose 
of  his  work,  and  he  stands  today  as  a  splendid  representative  of  a  man  of 
accomplishments  to  whom  personal  prosperity  is  but  a  small  aim,  secondary  in 
importance  to  the  public  growth  and  development  and  less  vital  than  many  other 
elements  which  go  to  make  up  human  existence.  He  is  honored  and  venerated 
by  the  whole  community  and  people  all  over  the  province,  who  esteem  in  him 
honorable  manhood  derived  from  characteristics  of  the  highest  quality.  Time 
gives  the  perspective  which  places  the  individual  in  his  proper  relation  to  his 
district  and  to  his  age.  If  his  life  work  is  of  enduring  value,  his  fame  grows 
brighter  as  the  years  pass  on,  while  the  activities  of  others  of  lesser  importance 
sink  into  their  due  relative  position.  The  years  have  proven  the  worth  of  the 
labors  of  William  J.  Armstrong,  the  only  living  member  of  the  first  council  of 
New  Westminster,  whose  life  record  reflects  credit  and  honor  upon  his  city  and 
province.  Richly  endowed  with  those  qualities  which  make  man  esteemed  above 
his  fellows,  he  has  made  wise  use  of  time,  talents  and  opportunities,  gaining  a 
highly  eminent  position  and  entitling  him  to  the  greatest  respect  for  what  he 
has  accomplished. 


JOHN  WILSON. 

Keen  but  well  controlled  ambition,  energy,  ability  and  resourcefulness,  com- 
bined with  a  comprehensive  and  exact  knowledge  of  the  profession  to  which  he 
has  devoted  his  entire  active  career,  have  made  John  Wilson  one  of  the  leading 
architects  of  Victoria  and  as  member  of  the  firm  of  Wilson  &  Milner,  Ltd.,  have 
brought  him  into  close  relations  with  professional  and  business  interests  of  the 
city.  Mr.  Wilson  is  a  native  of  England,  born  at  Sunderland,  Durham  county, 
May  19,  1884,  his  parents  being  Samuel  and  Harriet  Johnston  (Thompson)  Wil- 
son. The  former  is  a  native  of  Yorkshire  and  now  senior  member  of  the  firm  of 
J.  &  W.  Wilson  &  Sons,  timber  importers.  This  firm  was  organized  in  1851  by 
the  paternal  grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this  review  and  is  one  of  the  oldest 
and  most  reliable  of  its  kind  in  Great  Britain.  The  paternal  grandfather,  who 
was  also  a  native  of  Yorkshire,  died  in  the  seventy-second  year  of  his  age,  leaving 
the  business  to  its  present  owners. 

John  Wilson  acquired  his  early  education  in  private  schools  of  Sunderland  and 
later  attended  Bilton  Grange  College,  Harrogate,  Yorkshire,  leaving  that  insti- 
tution of  1900  in  order  to  enter  the  offices  of  Henderson  &  Hall,  FF.  R.  I.  B.  A., 
architects  of  Sunderland,  with  whom  he  continued  until  1906.  Afterward  he 
carried  on  the  study  of  architecture  with  R.  A.  Briggs,  F.  R.  I.  B.  A.,  with  whom 
he  remained  one  year.  During  that  period  of  his  association  with  Henderson  & 
Hall  he  was  a  student  in  the  Technical  College  and  the  School  of  Art  in  Sunder- 
land and  while  with  Mr.  Briggs  attended  the  Royal  Institute  of  British  Architects 
and  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  in  South  Kensington.  He  acquired  a  thor- 
ough and  exhaustive  knowledge  of  the  profession  in  which  he  was  interested  and 
he  has  kept  this  knowledge  up-to-date  by  remaining  always  a  close  and  earnest 
student  and  by  keeping  in  touch  with  societies  and  associations  of  men  of  his 
profession. 

Feeling  that  Canada  offered  greater  opportunities  than  England  for  a  young 
man  of  ambition,  Mr.  Wilson  decided  to  make  a  trip  of  investigation  and  accord- 
ingly, on  November  5,  1907,  he  left  England  and,  coming  to  the  Dominion,  located 
in  Victoria,  whence  shortly  afterward  he  moved  to  Field,  British  Columbia.  He 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  543 

remained  there  a  short  time  interesting  himself  in  mining  and  general  geographical 
formations  of  the  Rocky  mountains  and  then  made  a  tour  of  investigation  of  the 
timber  resources  and  conditions  along  the  west  coast  of  this  province  and  the 
Queen  Charlotte  islands.  Prior  to  this  trip,  on  the  I2th  of  August,  1908,  he  had 
opened  up  an  office  in  the  Masonic  block  in  Victoria  and  had  established  himself 
there  as  an  architect.  In  1910  the  building  was  destroyed  by  fire  and  he  moved  to 
the  Reynolds  block,  where  he  remained  until  the  completion  of  the  Pemberton 
building,  into  which  he  moved,  February  6,  1911.  On  the  5th  of  August,  1910, 
he  had  formed  an  associate  partnership  with  W.  H.  Milner,  an  architect  of  thirty 
years'  practice,  and  on  the  6th  of  June,  1913,  their  business  was  incorporated  as 
a  limited  liability  company,  known  as  Wilson  &  Milner,  Ltd.  This  firm  furnishes 
designs  for  all  classes  of  structures,  specializing  in  the  erection  of  mercantile 
buildings,  hotels  and  apartment  houses,  theatres  and  schools.  However,  many  of 
the  finest  residences  in  Victoria  were  also  designed  by  the  firm  and  built  under 
its  supervision.  The  company  also  have  offices  in  Seattle,  Washington,  and  controls 
a  large  and  growing  patronage  in  that  city  and  also  have  a  representative  patron- 
age in  Vancouver.  The  members  of  the  firm  are  architects  of  unusul  ability,  Mr. 
Milner  having  already  a  well  established  reputation  and  Mr.  Wilson  being  rapidly 
carried  forward  by  the  force  of  his  attainments  and  ability  into  more  and  more 
important  relations  with  his  profession.  His  standing  among  his  professional 
brethren  is  high,  as  is  indicated  by  the  fact  that  in  1912  he  served  as  the  first  sec- 
retary of  the  British  Columbia  Society  of  Architects  and  is  at  present  a  member 
of  the  grand  council  of  that  society. 

On  the  i4th  of  November,  1910,  at  Sunderland,  England,  Mr.  Wilson  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Minnie  Osborne  Laing,  a  daughter  of  Robert  V.  and 
Minnie  (Osborne)  Laing,  natives  of  that  community.  The  father  was  for  many 
years  a  wine  and  spirit  merchant  there,  dying  in  1908.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wilson  have 
become  the  parents  of  a  son,  John  Laurence,  who  was  born  August  10,  1911.  The 
family  residence  is  located  at  136  St.  Andrews  street  and  is  one  of  the  most  attract- 
ive homes  in  that  locality. 

From  1902  to  1906  Mr.  Wilson  was  connected  with  the  Northumberland 
Hussars,  Imperial  Yeomanry.  He  belongs  to  St.  Andrews  Lodge,  No.  49,  A.  F. 
&  A.  M.,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Royal  Institute  of  British  Architects.  His  politi- 
cal allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party  and  his  religious  views  are  in 
accord  with  the  doctrines  of  the  Anglican  church.  He  is  of  an  inventive  turn  of 
mind  and  devotes  many  of  his  leisure  hours  to  experiments  with  various  kinds  of 
mechanical  apparatus.  Amateur  photography  is  also  a  hobby  with  him  and  he  has 
become  quite  proficient  along  this  line,  his  pictures  showing  the  true  artistic  sense 
which  is  the  basis  also  of  his  success  as  an  architect.  He  is  fond  of  all  kinds  of 
outdoor  sports,  taking  great  delight  in  hunting  and  fishing.  His  profession,  how- 
ever, forms  the  chief  interest  of  his  life  and  he  makes  it  a  point  to  keep  in  touch 
with  the  trend  of  its  advancement  from  year  to  year.  Although  still  a  young  man, 
he  made  rapid  and  steady  progress  in  his  chosen  line  of  work  and  undoubtedly 
stands  at  the  beginning  of  a  successful  and  distinguished  career. 


CASIMIR  STANISLAUS  GZOWSKI,  JR. 

Casimir  Stanislaus  Gzowski,  Jr.,  of  thfi  nrrn  of  Macdonell,  Gzowski  &  Com- 
pany, engineers  and  contractors  of  Vancouver,  was  born  in  Toronto,  Ontario, 
May  i,  1876,  a  son  of  Casimir  Stanislaus  and  Mary  (Bell)  Gzowski,  the  former 
a  son  of  Colonel  Sir  Casimir  Stanislaus  Gzowski,  K.  C.  M.  G.,  A.  D.  C.  to  Queen 
Victoria,  who  was  born  in  Poland  in  March,  1813,  and  was  a  military  engineer, 
served  in  the  Polish  insurrection  of  1830  and  was  deported  to  the  United  States  by 
the  Austrian  government  at  the  instance  of  the  Russian  government.  He  went  to 
Philadelphia,  becoming  connected  with  the  office  of  a  law  firm  of  which  Daniel 
Webster  was  a  member,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1838  and  became  a  citizen 


544  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

in  1840.  The  same  year  he  married  Maria  Bebee,  the  daughter  of  a  Pittsburg 
physician.  Soon  afterward  Colonel  Gzowski  came  to  Canada,  where  he  followed 
civil  engineering.  In  1846  he  became  a  British  subject.  He  became  very  promi- 
nent in  all  walks  of  life,  not  only  in  his  profession  but  in  other  connections  as 
well.  He  was  made  a  colonel  in  the  engineering  corps  in  1873  and  was  made 
A.  D.  C.  to  the  queen  in  1879.  In  1890  he  was  made  knight  commander  of  the 
Order  of  St.  Michael  and  St.  George.  He  died  in  1898. 

Casimir  Stanislaus  Gzowski,  the  father  of  him  whose  name  introduces  this 
review,  was  born  in  Toronto,  December  2,  1847,  was  educated  at  Leamington 
College,  in  England,  and  in  the  Toronto  University.  He  was  engaged  in  private 
banking  and  the  brokerage  business  for  a  number  of  years  but  is  now  living 
retired  in  Toronto.  In  1874  he  was  married  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  to  Miss  Mary 
Bell,  a  daughter  of  David  Bell,  of  Buffalo,  who  then  owned  and  operated  a  large 
boat-building  and  foundry  works. 

His  son,  Casimir  Stanislaus  Gzowski,  Jr.,  was  educated  at  Bishop  Ridley  Col- 
lege, in  St.  Catharines,  Ontario,  and  at  the  School  of  Practical  Science  at  Toronto. 
He  commenced  his  career  on  railway  survey  work  in  1896.  He  has  been  connected 
with  the  railway  survey  and  construction  work  on  the  prairies  in  Ontario  and 
British  Columbia  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  and  other  roads,  having  various  parts 
of  the  work  in  his  charge.  In  1905  he  became  a  member  of  the  engineering  and 
contracting  firm  of  Foss,  Macdonell  &  Company,  the  members  of  the  firm  being 
J.  A.  Macdonell,  C.  S.  Gzowski  and  G.  O.  Foss,  who  built  the  Nicola  branch  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway.  In  1906  the  firm  became  Macdonell,  Gzowski  & 
Company,  with  headquarters  in  Vancouver,  so  continuing  until  1912,  the  firm 
now  consisting  of  Messrs.  Macdonell  &  Gzowski.  One  of  their  most  important 
contracts  was  for  the  grading  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  of  eight  and  a 
quarter  miles  of  line  between  Field  and  Hector,  British  Columbia,  in  the  valley 
of  the  Kicking  Horse.  This  work  offered  many  engineering' difficulties  and  when 
completed  had  two  spiral  tunnels  of  a  combined  length  of  one  and  one-quarter 
miles,  one  short  tunnel  and  four  bridges  over  the  Kicking  Horse  river.  The 
work  done  has  been  at  all  times  of  an  important  character,  many  times  demanding 
scientific  knowledge,  technical  skill  and  practical  training  of  a  superior  order. 

On  the  5th  of  June,  1909,  Mr.  Gzowski  married  Mildred  Gwendolyn  Church, 
of  Ottawa.  Their  children  are  Mary  and  Helen.  Mr.  Gzowski  is  a  member 
of  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers  and  the  Toronto  Engineers  Club. 
He  maintains  an  independent  attitude  in  politics  but  is  a  supporter  of  the  govern- 
ment in  provincial  matters  at  the  present  writing.  He  holds  membership  in  the 
Presbyterian  church  and  is  identified  with  various  clubs  including  the  Vancouver 
and  Jericho  Country  of  Vancouver  and  the  Toronto  Club  of  Toronto. 


NICHOLAS  THOMPSON. 

The  life  record  of  Nicholas  Thompson  forms  a  connecting  link  between  the 
primitive  pioneer  past  and  the  progressive  present.  He  has  witnessed  almost 
the  entire  development  of  the  province  and  has  seen  Vancouver  grow  from  a 
small  village  to  a  modern  city  with  metropolitan  conditions.  The  story  of  his 
life,  like  that  of  other  pioneers,  is  largely  the  history  of  the  province ;  the  finan- 
cial difficulties,  the  early-day  hardships,  the  strenuous  effort  to  overcome  diffi- 
culties and  utilize  the  natural  resources  are  the  tale  of  marvelous  frontier  life 
in  British  Columbia.  It  is  meet,  therefore,  that  the  history  of  Nicholas  Thomp- 
son find  place  in  the  annals  of  the  province  where  it  will  be  read  with  interest 
by  his  many  friends.  He  was  born  in  Woodhorn  county,  Northumberland, 
England,  April  6,  1853,  and  is  a  son  of  Nicholas  and  Dorothy  (Dixon)  Thomp- 
son, both  of  whom  were  natives  of  the  same  county.  The  father  was  a  farmer 
and  both  he  and  his  wife  spent  their  entire  lives  in  Northumberland,  where  for 
more  than  twenty  years  he  was  steward  of  the  Jackson  estates  of  Yorkshire 


NICHOLAS  THOMPSON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  547 

and  Northumberland.  In  later  years,  however,  he  followed  farming  on  estates 
of  the  duke  of  Northumberland. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  county  Nicholas  Thompson  began  his 
education  and  supplemented  his  early  training  by  study  in  the  town  of  Allen- 
mouth,  in  the  same  county.  In  1869,  when  sixteen  years  of  age,  he  was  appren- 
ticed to  Sir  Charles  Mark  Palmer  &  Company,  of  Jarrow-on-Tyne,  to  learn  the 
trade  of  marine  engineering  and  ship  building.  He  completed  his  term  there 
and  then  went  to  Middleboro,  where  he  was  employed  by  the  firm  of  Bolkchow, 
Vaughn  &  Company  in  the  establishment  now  known  as  the  Cleveland  Iron 
Works.  Winning  promotion  from  time  to  time  he  was  serving  as  master  me- 
chanic with  that  firm  when  they  rolled  the  first  steel  rail  by  the  Bessemer  process. 
In  1879  he  joined  the  Northeastern  Marine  Engineering  Company  of  Sunderland 
and  for  that  firm  went  to  the  west  coast  of  Africa  as  marine  engineer  for  a  Dutch 
trading  company  which  had  established  business  on  the  west  coast  with  headquar- 
ters at  the  mouth  of  the  Congo  river.  He  spent  one  year  with  that  company,  dur- 
ing which  time  he  met  and  enjoyed  the  pleasure  of  warm  friendship  with  the 
famous  explorer,  Henry  M.  Stanley,  who  remained  for  some  time  at  their  trad- 
ing post  at  Banna,  and  afterwards  was  taken  by  the  company  to  Banna,  which  is 
the  head  of  navigation  on  the  Congo. 

In  tfye  summer  of  1880  Mr.  Thompson  returned  to  England  and  from  that 
time  forward  followed  his  profession  of  marine  engineering  on  English  steamers, 
his  duties  taking  him  to  the  East  and  West  Indies,  China  and  Australia  as  well 
as  other  quarters  of  the  globe.  In  the  fall  of  1881,  he  loaded  wheat  at  Port  Costa, 
this  being  the  first  steamer  to  load  wheat  in  the  Sacramento  river  in  Cali- 
fornia, and  thence  carried  the  cereal  to  Havre,  France.  He  also  spent  seven 
months  in  trading  in  the  Mediterranean  and  Black  Seas.  In  May,  1887,  he  came 
to  Canada  and  was  chief  engineer  for  the  Black  Diamond  Company  of  Montreal, 
operating  ships  on  the  St.  Lawrence  river  and  gulf  ports.  He  spent  two  sum- 
mers with  that  company  and  one  winter,  making  several  trips  during  that  period 
to  Cuba,  and  other  West  India  islands.  In  1888  he  left  Montreal  for  the  west 
and  arrived  in  Vancouver  in  November  of  that  year.  After  reaching  this  city 
he  worked  for  three  months  as  engineer  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Com- 
pany and  in  the  spring  of  1889  in  connection  with  Messrs.  Ernest  and  Percy 
Evans  and  George  Coleman  he  founded  the  shipping  and  commission  business 
of  Evans,  Coleman  &  Evans,  which  has  since  developed  into  probably  the  larg- 
est business  of  this  kind  on  the  Pacific  coast  of  Canada.  Mr.  Thompson  re- 
mained as  an  active  member  of  that  company  for  over  ten  years,  acting  as  con- 
sulting engineer  and  outside  manager.  In  1903,  however,  he  disposed  of  his 
entire  interests  in  the  business  and  established  the  engineering  works  of  N. 
Thompson  &  Company  which  he  operated  for  three  years.  He  then  closed 
out  that  business  and  opened  an  office  as  consulting  engineer  and  manufacturers' 
agent.  Since  June,  1908,  he  has  been  special  representative  for  British  Colum- 
bia for  Cammell,  Laird  &  Company,  prominent  steel  and  iron  manufacturers  of 
Sheffield,  England.  They  manufacture  all  kinds  of  railroad  equipment  and 
steel  battle  ships,  torpedo  boat  destroyers,  floating  dry-docks,  etc. 

Mr.  Thompson's  activities  have  covered  a  wide  range  and  have  been  of  con- 
stantly increasing  importance.  In  connection  with  Leonard  Andrews,  of  the 
Key  Engineering  Company,  of  Manchester,  England,  he  organized  the  Canadian 
British  Engineering  Company,  which  was  floated  in  England  for  the  purpose  of 
introducing  into  Canada  certain  products  of  British  manufacture,  ana  of  this 
company  Mr.  Thompson  is  now  local  director.  He  was  the  originator  and  has 
been  the  principal  promoter  of  the  plan  for  a  floating  pontoon  dry-dock  for 
Vancouver.  He  is  likewise  a  member  of  the  exeutive  of  the  Vancouver  Cham- 
ber of  Mines  and  is  interested  in  the  development  of  the  iron  mines  of  the 
province.  His  activities  have  largely  been  of  a  character  that  have  contributed 
to  public  prosperity  as  well  as  to  individual  success.  He  has  accomplished 
what  he  has  undertaken  and  the  years  have  demonstrated  his  sound  judgment 
and  his  worth  in  business  circles.  Throughout  his  career  he  has  recognized  the 


548  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

truth  of  the  old  Greek  adage:  "Earn  thy  reward;  the  gods  give  naught  to 
sloth,"  and  as  the  years  -have  passed  he  has  so  directed  his  labors  that  industry 
and  determination,  intelligently  directed,  have  brought  success. 

In  June,  1885,  at  Jarrow-on-Tyne,  Mr.  Thompson  married  Miss  Catherine, 
a  daughter  of  James  and  Mary  White  of  Dalmoor,  Scotland.  Mr.  Thompson  be- 
longs to  the  Presbyterian  church  and  to  several  organizations  looking  to  the  benefit 
of  the  city.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Terminal  City  Club  almost  since  its  organ- 
ization and  was  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Information  and  Tourist  Associa- 
tion which  has  lately  merged  into  the  Progress  Club,  of  which  he  is  a  member. 
He  is  a  past  master  of  Mount  Hermon  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  with  which  he 
has  been  identified  for  over  twenty  years,  exemplifying  in  his  life  at  all  times 
the  beneficent  spirit  of  the  craft.  He  is  an  honorary  president  of  the  Pioneers 
Association  of  Vancouver.  His  political  support  is  given  to  the  liberal  party 
and  he  has  always  taken  an  active  interest  in  its  work  and  development,  being 
now  president  of  ward  six,  Liberal  Association.  Coming  to  the  coast  country 
in  pioneer  times,  he  has  taken  an  active  part  in  many  of  the  events  which  have 
shaped  its  history  and  his  worth  as  a  public-spirited  and  loyal  citizen,  as  well 
as  an  enterprising  business  man,  is  widely  acknowledged. 


DAVID  D.  BOURKE. 

David  D.  Bourke,  who  is  living  in  retirement  in  New  Westminister  after  a 
long  life  devoted  largely  to  educational  interests  in  Nova  Scotia  and  to  the  pen- 
itentiary service  in  Manitoba  and  British  Columbia,  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  born  in 
County  Mayo,  August  15,  1845.  He  is  a  son  of  David  and  Bridget  Bourke,  the 
former  of  whom  was  the  agent  for  large  landowners  in  his  native  country.  In 
1835  tne  father  left  Ireland  and  came  to  Canada  but  later  again  crossed  the 
Atlantic,  residing  on  the  Emerald  isle  for  a  number  of  years.  The  year  1860 
witnessed  his  second  landing  in  New  York  and  from  that  city  he  went  immediately 
to  New  Brunswick,  where  he  remained  with  an  elder  son  until  his  death. 

David  D.  Bourke  came  with  his  father  to  Canada  when  the  latter  located  in 
the  Dominion  for  the  second  time  and  he  completed  an  education  begun  in  the 
public  schools  of  Ireland  in  St.  Francis  Xavier's  College  in  Nova  Scotia.  During 
his  school  days  he  aided  with  the  work  of  the  homestead  but  meeting  with  a 
serious  accident  which  necessitated  other  employment,  he  turned  his  attention 
to  teaching,  following  this  profession  in  New  Brunswick  and  Nova  Scotia  for 
twenty  years  thereafter  and  winning  for  himself  a  place  among  the  able  educators 
of  that  country.  When  he  severed  his  connection  with  school  interests  he  joined 
the  penitentiary  service  and  was  for  nine  years  in  Manitoba,  after  which  he  was 
transferred  to  New  Westminster,  locating  in  this  city  in  1895.  For  twelve  years 
thereafter  he  continued  his  identification  with  the  important  work  in  which  he 
was  engaged,  proving  loyal,  straightforward  and  efficient  in  the  discharge  of  his 
duties.  Mr.  Bourke  takes  great  pride  in  the  fact  that  during  the  twenty-one  years 
in  the  service,  fifteen  of  which  he  was  deputy  warden  and  responsible  for  the 
safekeeping  of  convicts,  he  never  lost  a  prisoner — a  record  which  is  claimed  to  be 
unparalleled  on  the  American  continent.  Eventually  his  work  was  rewarded  by 
a  comfortable  competence,  which  in  1907  enabled  him  to  retire  from  active  life. 
He  makes  his  home  on  Cariboo  street  in  New  Westminster  and  is  one  of  the  well 
known  and  popular  men  of  this  community. 

On  the  i9th  of  December,  1871,  Mr.  Bourke  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Jessie  Cameron,  a  daughter  of  Dougald  and  Mary  Cameron,  of  Lochaber,  Nova 
Scotia,  in  whose  family  were  twenty-five  children.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bourke  became 
the  parents  of  twelve  children,  nine  of  whom  are  living,  as  follows :  Walter,  of 
New  Westminster;  Mary  Ann,  now  Mrs.  James  Clifford;  Cecilia,  who  is  Mrs. 
Francis  Mahoney ;  Archibald,  who  resides  in  the  United  States ;  Herbert  Dougald, 
of  Lulu  Island,  British  Columbia;  Adelia,  now  Mrs.  William  E.  Morrison; 


DAVID  D.  BOURKE 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  551 

Julia,  a  Sister  of  Providence  of  the  United  States;   Catherine,  at  home;  and 
Lucy  Victoria,  who  married  W.  E.  Weir. 

A  public-spirited  citizen,  Mr.  Bourke  is  ever  ready  to  advance  the  interests 
of  the  city  by  cooperating  in  measures  and  movements  for  the  public  good  and 
as  a  private  citizen  he  is  thoroughly  sincere,  straightforward  and  honorable — 
qualities  that  have  found  recognition  in  his  widespread  popularity.  He  has 
made  good  use  of  his  time  and  opportunities  and  as  the  years  have  gone  by  has 
gained  prosperity,  yet  his  success  is  measured  not  alone  by  material  gain  but 
also  by  an  enterprising  spirit,  by  intellectuality,  sincerity  of  purpose  and  his 
constant  championship  of  what  he  considers  right  and  just. 


JAMES  KENNEDY. 

One  cannot  carry  investigation  far  into  the  history  of  British  Columbia  without 
encountering  the  name  of  James  Kennedy  or  learning  of  the  prominent  part  which 
he  took  in  the  pioneer  development  and  the  later  upbuilding  of  the  province. 
Throughout  a  residence  of  forty-three  years  in  New  Westminster  he  was  num- 
bered among  the  men  of  prominence  and  weight  in  that  city,  wielding  his  influence 
in  support  of  measures  of  reform  and  progress  and  making  his  integrity,  his 
liberality  and  sterling  qualities  of  character  important  factors  in  promoting  the 
community's  stability  and  prosperity.  Mr.  Kennedy  passed  away  on  the  23rd  of 
November,  1902,  and  on  that  day  a  life  great  in  its  simplicity,  valuable  in  its  stand- 
ards and  ideals,  beneficial  and  far-reaching  in  its  results  came  to  a  close  and 
British  Columbia  lost  one  of  the  earliest  and  greatest  of  its  pioneers. 

Mr.  Kennedy  was  born  on  the  9th  of  December,  1817,  in  Ballymena,  near 
Belfast,  County  Antrim,  Ireland.  His  father,  also  James  Kennedy,  was  a  native 
of  the  Rampart,  Ballymena.  James  Kennedy  of  this  review  was  reared  to  man- 
hood in  that  community  and  after  completing  his  studies  received  a  thorough 
and  practical  training  in  architecture.  Having  mastered  this  profession  in  princi- 
ple and  detail,  he  came  in  1839  to  America  and  engaged  in  architectural  work  in 
Rochester,  New  York,  for  some  time.  He  afterward  traveled  through  Wisconsin, 
Illinois  and  other  middle  western  states,  visiting  Chicago  when  that  city  was  a 
village  built  of  wooden  houses  located  on  a  swampy  site  and  could  be  reached 
only  by  a  stage  coach.  When  Mr.  Kennedy  left  the  United  States  he  went  to  Can- 
ada and  in  the  later  '403  and  the  early  '503  lived  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  spending 
a  considerable  portion  of  his  time  in  Whitby,  where  several  buildings  of  his 
designing  are  still  standing.  News  of  the  gold  discoveries  in  Australia  having 
reached  the  Dominion,  Mr.  Kennedy  was  induced  by  the  favorable  reports  which 
reached  him  to  take  passage  on  a  sailing  vessel  for  that  country  and  he  left  New 
York  in  November,  1852,  arriving  six  months  later  in  Australia,  having  spent 
some  of  the  intervening  time,  however,  in  Cape  Town,  South  Africa.  After 
remaining  for  about  a  year  in  the  gold  fields  he  again  came  to  Canada,  making 
the  journey  by  way  of  San  Francisco,  which  he  found  a  small  city,  down  the 
California  coast  and  across  Nicaragua  to  the  Atlantic. 

In  1854,  at  Whitby,  Ontario,  Mr.  Kennedy  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Caroline  Stone,  second  daughter  of  the  Hon.  Marshall  B.  Stone,  state  senator 
of  Minnesota.  In  the  spring  of  1859  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kennedy  started  by  way  of 
Panama  to  British  Columbia  and  after  a  trip  of  over  a  month  reached  New 
Westminster,  where  Mrs.  Kennedy  was  the  first  white  woman  in  the  city  and 
is  still  living  at  the  age  of  eighty  years.  They  took  up  their  residence  here  when 
settlement  had  just  been  begun,  on  the  site  which  had  been  located  by  the  Royal 
Engineers  under  Colonel  Moody  and  which  was  known  as  Queensborough.  The 
virgin  forest  had  been  cut  down  when  the  work  of  colonization  was  begun  and 
it  still  stretched  for  miles  in  every  direction  around  the  little  hamlet  where  the 
pioneers  pitched  their  tents,  facing  the  dangers,  hardships  and  privations  of  fron- 
tier life.  As  an  architect  and  builder  Mr.  Kennedy  employed  himself  to  good 

Vol.  111—19 


552  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

advantage,  erecting  a  great  many  of  the  first  buildings  in  the  city,  and  he  also 
extended  the  scope  of  his  activities  to  include  school  teaching,  road  contracting 
and  ranching.  However,  he  never  neglected  his  professional  work  and  as  the 
years  went  by  was  intrusted  with  more  and  more  important  commissions,  super- 
intending for  the  Dominion  government  the  construction  of  the  postoffice 
building,  which  has  since  been  destroyed  by  fire,  and  for  the  provincial  govern- 
ment the  Provincial  Asylum  for  the  Insane.  He  designed  and  constructed  a  num- 
ber of  the  most  substantial  business  blocks  in  the  city,  but  these  were  all  destroyed 
in  the  disastrous  fire  of  1898.  In  addition  to  his  work  along  architectural  lines 
Mr.  Kennedy  was  also  interested  with  his  sons,  the  Kennedy  Brothers,  in  the 
publication  of  the  Daily  and  Weekly  Columbian,  and  he  occasionally  contributed 
valuable  articles  to  its  columns.  He  was  a  skilled  horticulturist  and  in  the  vicinity 
of  New  Westminster  planted  and  developed  one  of  the  finest  orchards  in  the 
province,  which  in  the  later  '6os  he  had  the  satisfaction  of  bringing  to  a  bountifully 
bearing  condition.  He  was  known  as  a  far-sighted,  capable  and  progressive 
business  man  possessed  of  keen  insight  and  discriminating  and  retentive  qualities 
of  mind  and  able  also  to  carry  forward  to  successful  completion  whatever  he 
undertook. 

Mr.  Kennedy  was  a  devout  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church  but  his  broad 
charity  was  never  limited  by  denominational  bounds.  His  public  spirit  was  of  that 
active  and  constructive  kind  which  found  its  best  exemplification  in  intelligent 
work  in  the  public  service,  and  through  the  years  his  name  came  to  be  regarded 
as  a  synonym  for  progress,  reform  and  advancement.  He  lived  a  straightforward, 
useful  and  worthy  life  for  eighty-five  years,  aiding  those  less  fortunate  or  less 
able  than  himself,  injuring  no  one,  never  deviating  from  the  path  of  rectitude 
and  upright  living,  and  he  died  full  of  years  and  honors  and  rich  in  the  esteem 
and  love  of  many  friends. 


SAMUEL  B.  BIRDS,  A.  R.  I.  B.  A. 

Samuel  B.  Birds,  an  architect  of  Vancouver,  whose  professional  attainments 
have  found  expression  in  some  of  the  fine  public  buildings  of  the  province,  was 
born  on  April  23,  1871,  at  Morley,  in  Yorkshire,  England,  and  is  the  eldest  son  of 
John  and  Hannah  Mary  (Buttrey)  Birds. 

The  father,  who  is  a  native  of  Derbyshire,  came  to  Ontario,  Canada,  in  1908, 
where  he  is  now  engaged  in  contracting  and  farming  in  the  vicinity  of  Hamilton. 
After  attending  the  public  schools  of  his  birthplace,  Samuel  B.  Birds  continued 
his  education  at  the  evening  classes  of  the  Yorkshire  College,  now  the  Leeds 
University,  and  was  articled  for  a  term  of  years  to  T.  A.  Buttrey,  architect  of 
Leeds  and  Morley,  in  Yorkshire.  After  completing  his  apprenticeship,  Mr. 
Birds  decided  to  obtain  first-hand  knowledge  of  architectural  conditions  on  the 
American  continent  and  after  visiting  the  World's  Exposition  in  Chicago  in  1893, 
he  served  some  time  as  assistant  in  the  offices  of  Cope  &  Stewartoon  and  John  T. 
Windrim,  architects  of  Philadelphia. 

He  returned  to  England  in  1895  and  practiced  his  profession  in  partnership 
with  T.  A.  Buttrey  at  Leeds  and  Morley  until  1907,  when  he  returned  to  this 
continent,  residing  for  some  time  in  Toronto,  where  he  continued  his  practice  and 
studies. 

In  September,  1908,  he  arrived  in  Vancouver  and  immediately  afterward 
opened  an  office  in  this  city,  where  he  has  now  been  located  for  about  five  years. 

In  following  his  profession  he  has  been  very  successful  in  open  architectural 
competitions  and  has  developed  a  specialty  in  the  design  and  building  of  public 
hospitals. 

The  fine  general  hospital  buildings  at  New  Westminster,  Kamloops,  Lady- 
smith  and  Merritt,  which  are  models  of  up-to-date  construction  and  arrange- 
ment, are  built  from  his  designs.  He  has  also  designed  and  erected  numerous 


SAMUEL  B.  BIRDS 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  555 

apartment  buildings,  business  houses,  residences  and  churches,  including  the  fine 
classical  Chalmer's  Presbyterian  church  in  Fairview,  Vancouver,  the  design  for 
which  was  selected  in  open  competition. 

To  facilitate  the  conduct  of  his  business,  he  established  a  branch  office  in 
Victoria  in  1912.  His  clientele  has  steadily  grown  and  its  extent  and  importance 
place  him  among  the  foremost  architects  of  Vancouver. 

He  is  an  associate  of  the  Royal  Institute  of  British  Architects  by  examination 
and  he  has  also  made  a  special  study  of  the  engineering  side  of  his  profession 
with  especial  reference  to  reenforced-concrete  construction.  In  this  depart- 
ment he  is  a  fully  qualified  engineer  and  a  patentee,  having  introduced  several 
important  and  economical  improvements  in  this  class  of  construction. 

Mr.  Birds  is  first  lieutenant  of  the  Vancouver  Rifle  Association.  He  is  a  first- 
class  rifle  shot  and  has  taken  a  very  active  interest  in  civilian  rifle  shooting  since 
coming  to  this  province. 

In  politics  he  is  a  conservative  but  aside  from  exercising  his  right  of  franchise 
is  not  actively  engaged  in  politics.  He  holds  to  high  professional  and  business 
standards  and  the  enviable  reputation .  which  he  has  won  is  well  merited.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  order  of  A.  F.  &  A.  M. 

He  married  at  Morley,  in  Yorkshire,  in  1895,  Louisa,  the  second  daughter 
of  Edward  and  Nancy  Lambert,  of  that  town,  and  there  is  one  son  and  one 
daughter  surviving  of  that  union,  both  of  whom  are  receiving  their  education  in 
England. 


ROBERT  SPARLING. 

Robert  Sparling,  educator  and  lecturer,  whose  life  work  has  been  one  of  con- 
tinuous activity  in  the  educational  field,  is  now  principal  of  the  Aberdeen  school 
of  Vancouver.  He  was  born  near  Seaforth,  in  McKillop  township,  in  the  county 
of  Huron,  Ontario,  August  8,  1862,  a  son  of  Edward  and  Mary  (Smith)  Sparling, 
the  former  having  been  born  near  Limerick,  Ireland,  and  the  latter  near  Brock- 
ville,  Ontario,  her  parents  having  settled  in  that  province  on  coming  to  the  new 
world  from  Londonderry,  Ireland.  Mr.  Sparling  was  a  contractor  and  builder 
of  Huron  county,  where  he  and  his  wife  have  made  their  home  for  many  years. 
While  he  was  long  an  active  factor  in  industrial  circles,  he  is  now  living  retired 
and  both  he  and  his  wife  are  enjoying  good  health,  although  now  well  advanced 
in  years.  They  have  ever  had  the  respect  and  confidence  of  the  community  in 
which  they  reside  and  during  the  long  period  of  their  residence  there  have  gained 
many  warm  friends. 

Robert  Sparling  was  educated  in  the  rural  public  schools  of  Huron  county, 
the  Seaforth  Collegiate  Institute  and  the  Model  school  at  Goderich,  Ontario. 
Turning  to  the  profession  of  teaching  as  a  life  work,  he  taught  for  two  years  in 
the  district  schools  of  Huron  county  and  then  turned  aside  for  a  brief  period  from 
the  educational  field.  In  March,  1888,  he  founded  the  Algoma  Advocate,  which 
he  published  at  Thessalon,  Ontario,  becoming  the  first  editor  and  proprietor.  He 
conducted  that  paper  for  two  and  a  half  years  and  then  sold  out.  In  August, 

1890,  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  for  a  short  time  he  was  substitute  teacher 
in  the  Vancouver  public  schools.     He  afterward  went  to  Seattle,  Washington, 
where  he  spent  a  few  months  but  later  returned  to  Vancouver  and  in  January, 

1891,  accepted  the  position  of  teacher  of  the  school  on  Lulu  island,  where  he 
remained  for  six  months.     In  August  of  the  same  year  he  joined  the  staff  of 
teachers  of  the  Vancouver  public  schools,  becoming  first  assistant  in  the  West 
End  school,  where  he  remained  for  one  term.    There  were  then  only  four  schools 
in  the  city.    He  next  became  principal  of  the  East  End  school,  in  which  he  con- 
tinued for  a  year  and  a  half.    In  1893  he  opened  a  private  academy  for  training 
teachers  for  the  public  schools,  which  he  conducted  for  two  and  a  half  years, 
during  which  time  he  graduated  more  than  seventy  teachers.    In  January,  1896, 


556  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

he  was  called  to  the  principalship  of  the  public  schools  at  Vernon,  holding  that 
position  until  August,  1900,  at  which  date  he  became  first  assistant  at  the  Central 
school  of  Vancouver.  In  1907  he  was  appointed  principal  of  the  Aberdeen  school 
and  so  continues  to  the  present.  He  is  also  well  known  on  the  lecture  platform, 
in  which  connection  he  has  won  wide  renown.  He  has  traveled  extensively  along 
the  Pacific  coast,  going  as  far  south  as  Mexico  and  traveling  eastward  through 
the  United  States  and  Canada  almost  to  the  Atlantic  ocean.  His  lectures  are 
illustrated  with  stereopticon  views,  he  giving  travel  talks  on  the  Yellowstone  Na- 
tional Park,  the  Yosemite  Valley,  the  Grand  Canyon  of  Arizona,  another  lecture 
called  "From  Ocean  to  Ocean,"  and  many  other  interesting  subjects.  Many  of  these 
lectures  are  delivered  to  children  in  the  public  schools  and  before  various  young 
people's  societies.  Professor  Sparling  is  widely  recognized  as  a  man  of  scholarly 
attainments  and  broad  general  information  and  is  continually  extending  his  knowl- 
edge through  reading,  study  and  research.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Art,  His- 
torical and  Scientific  Society  of  Vancouver,  the  Archaeological  Institute  of  Amer- 
ica and  is  moreover  identified  with  many  interests  formed  to  promote  educational 
work.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  public  library  board,  is  president  of  the 
Vancouver  Schools'  Principals'  Association  and  president  of  the  Coast  Teach- 
ers' Institute,  which  includes  Vancouver  island  and  the  Coast  of  British  Colum- 
bia. He  is  also  an  active  member  of  the  National  Educational  Association  of 
America  and  is  especially  interested  in  the  development  of  school  libraries.  Aside 
from  his  activities  along  those  lines  he  is  the  president  and  one  of  the  directors 
of  the  Burrard  Building  Society,  becoming  one  of  its  founders  and  charter  mem- 
bers on  its  organization  in  Vancouver  in  1905. 

On  the  28th  of  April,  1886,  at  Wingham,  Ontario,  Professor  Sparling  was 
married  to  Miss  Sarah  Elizabeth  King,  of  a  United  Empire  Loyalist  family  of 
Ontario,  and  they  have  one  daughter,  Ellen  M.,  who  is  a  teacher  in  the  Fairview 
school.  In  politics  Professor  Sparling  is  independent.  While  in  the  east  and 
in  newspaper  work  he  was  very  active  in  support  of  the  conservative  party  but 
now  casts  an  independent  ballot,  supporting  men  and  measures  as  his  judgment 
dictates.  For  the  past  twelve  years  he  has  been  a  trustee  and  the  treasurer  of  the 
Mount  Pleasant  Methodist  church  and  he  is  deeply  interested  in  all  that  pertains 
to  the  social  and  moral  as  well  as  the  intellectual  progress  of  the  city. 


FREDERICK   WALTER    NICHOLSON. 

The  upbuilding  of  a  city  is  not  the  result  of  the  efforts  of  a  few  but  of  the 
many,  yet  there  are  always  leaders  in  the  gigantic  task  accomplished  and  among 
those  active  in  furthering  the  interests  of  trade  and  commerce  in  Vancouver  is 
Frederick  Walter  Nicholson,  managing  director  of  the  Norton  Griffiths  Steel 
Construction  Company,  Ltd.  He  is  yet  a  young  man  but  ambition  and  energy 
have  carried  him  to  a  point  far  beyond  that  of  many  who  started  out  ahead  of 
him.  A  native  of  Truro,  in  the  county  of  Cornwall,  England,  he  was  born  in 
1881,  of  the  marriage  of  Thomas  Ballans  and  Georgiana  (Pile)  Nicholson,  both 
of  whom  were  natives  of  Dublin,  Ireland.  The  father  is  a  minister  of  the 
Wesleyan  church  in  England.  Liberal  educational  opportunities  were  afforded 
the  son,  who  attended  Kingswood  College  at  Bath,  England,  to  his  graduation 
with  the  class  of  1895.  He  pursued  a  general  engineering  course  in  the  tech- 
nical colleges  of  London  and  entered  the  employ  of  Holloway  Brothers,  promi- 
nent contractors  of  London,  with  whom  he  remained  for  four  years,  during 
which  period  he  gained  much  valuable  knowledge  concerning  this  specific  busi- 
ness and  business  methods  in  general. 

On  the  expiration  of  that  period  Mr.  Nicholson  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  New 
York  city,  where  he  took  up  the  study  of  steel  construction.  In  the  American 
metropolis  he  was  connected  with  the  Thompson  Starrett  Company,  prominent 
steel  contractors  of  that  city,  and  while  in  their  employ  for  four  years  had 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  557 

charge  of  the  erection  of  the  Kuhn-Loeb  Bank  at  the  corner  of  Pine  and  Wil- 
liam streets  and  other  well  known  structures  of  New  York.  His  work  there 
brought  him  valuable  training  and  experience  and  in  1904  he  became  associated 
with  the  noted  J.  G.  White  Company  of  New  York  city.  In  this  connection 
he  was  sent  back  to  London  to  assist  in  establishing  a  branch  business  for  them 
in  that  city,  having  full  charge  of  all  the  company's  work  there.  He  supervised 
the  construction  of  the  Waldorf  Hotel,  the  Morning  Post  building,  White  Star 
and  Hamburg-American  Line  buildings,  the  Parkside  building,  four  of  the  tube 
stations  and  three  generating  stations  for  the  London  Underground  Railway, 
together  with  many  other  large  and  important  structures,  all  of  which  indicates 
the  high  position  to  which  he  had  attained  in  building  circles.  In  1910  he  entered 
the  employ  of  the  Griffiths  &  Company,  Ltd.,  contractors  of  London,  and  in 
their  service  came  to  Canada  to  decide  upon  the  most  suitable  location  for 
their  Canadian  building  branch,  called  the  Norton  Griffiths  Steel  Construction 
Company,  Ltd.,  of  Canada.  He  selected  Vancouver  as  the  best  field  for  operation 
in  their  line  of  business  and  opened  an  office  here  in  1910.  The  company  under 
his  management  built  the  Vancouver  block,  the  Labor  Temple,  the  warehouse 
for  the  British  Columbia  Sugar  Refining  Company,  the  warehouse  for  the 
Crane  Company,  St.  Paul's  Hospital,  the  Vancouver  Club,  New  Dominion  Trust 
building,  King  Edward  high  school,  Union  Bank  of  Victoria,  Belmont  House 
of  Victoria  and  the  office  building  at  Calgary  for  P.  Burns  &  Company.  The 
company  also  has  an  office  at  Montreal,  where  they  are  building  the  St.  John 
docks.  His  developing  powers,  unfaltering  energy  and  laudable  ambition  have 
carried  Mr.  Nicholson  into  important  relations  as  representative  of  leading  in- 
dustrial activities  in  the  northwest.  He  has  proven  himself  adequate  to  the 
situation  no  matter  how  difficult  the  problems  presented  for  solution  and  step 
by  step  has  advanced  to  a  prominent  place  among  the  representatives  of  build- 
ing operations  on  the  Pacific  coast. 

In  London,  England,  in  1908,  occurred  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Nicholson  and 
Miss  Violet  Harris,  a  daughter  of  Frank  Harris,  partner  in  the  firm  of  T.  H. 
Harris  &  Company,  well  known  soap  manufacturers  of  London.  They  have 
one  daughter,  Katrine.  During  his  college  days  Mr.  Nicholson  was  very  active 
in  football  and  rowing  and  has  always  been  interested  in  athletics  and  manly 
outdoor  sports.  He  is  a  conservative  in  politics  but  not  an  active  party  worker. 
He  became  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order  in  London  and  he  belongs  to  the 
Union  Club  of  Victoria,  but,  while  he  is  appreciative  of  the  social  amenities  of 
life  and  wins  friends  wherever  he  goes,  his  attention  is  chiefly  concentrated 
upon  his  growing  business  interests,  and  throughout  the  period  of  his  residence 
in  Vancouver  he  has  controlled  important  activities  as  managing  director  of  the 
Norton  Griffiths  Steel  Construction  Company,  Ltd. 


MACKAY  SMITH. 

Mackay  Smith,  who  for  the  past  fifteen  years  has  been  prominently  identified 
with  mercantile  interests  of  Vancouver  as  a  wholesale  dry-goods  merchant,  is 
now  the  president  of  the  firm  of  Mackay  Smith,  Blair  &  Company,  Limited, 
which  was  incorporated  in  1908.  His  birth  occurred  in  Thurso,  Scotland,  on  the 
loth  of  April,  1860,  his  parents  being  Thomas  and  Jane  Smith,  of  Scotch  descent. 
The  father  was  for  a  number  of  years  engaged  in  the  cattle  business. 

Mackay  Smith  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Thurso,  Scotland, 
and  after  putting  aside  his  text-books  went  to  London,  England,  where  he  was 
employed  in  a  wholesale  dry-goods  house  for  four  years.  In  1885  he  made  his 
way  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  and  for  a  number  of  years  was  identified 
with  the  steamboat  business  in  various  capacities,  acting  as  purser  and  in  other 
similar  positions.  In  1891  he  left  the  sea  and  accepted  a  position  as  traveling  sales- 
man for  a  wholesale  dry-goods  house  in  Victoria,  remaining  with  the  same  company 


558  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

for  a  period  of  seven  years.  In  1898,  feeling  that  his  experience  justified  the  step, 
he  came  to  Vancouver  and  embarked  in  the  wholesale  dry-goods  business  in 
association  with  Gilbert  Blair,  under  the  firm  style  of  Mackay  Smith  &  Company. 
In  1908  the  concern  was  incorporated  under  the  name  of  Mackay  Smith,  Blair 
&  Company,  Limited,  our  subject  being  elected  president,  which  office  he  has  held 
to  the  present  time.  The  business  has  steadily  grown  under  his  guidance  and 
he  is  now  at  the  head  of  one  of  the  extensive  and  leading  establishments  of  the 
kind  in  the  province. 

On  July  7,  1891,  in  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Smith  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Alice  Steers,  a  daughter  of  Charles  and  Ann  Steers.  The  father, 
now  retired,  was  formerly  active  and  well  known  in  building  circles  of  Victoria. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Smith  have  two  children,  Clarence  and  Norval.  The  former  are 
Presbyterians  in  religious  faith,  and  Mr.  Smith  is  a  worthy  exemplar  of  the  Ma- 
sonic fraternity.  He  has  never  been  actuated  by  a  spirit  of  vaulting  ambition, 
yet  has  followed  the  lead  of  his  opportunities,  doing  as  best  he  could  anything  that 
came  to  hand  and  seizing  legitimate  advantages  as  they  arose.  He  has  never  hesi- 
tated to  take  a  forward  step  when  the  way  was  open.  In  his  career  business  enter- 
prise and  commercial  integrity  are  well  balanced  forces,  and  he  has  made  an 
enviable  record  in  commercial  circles.  He  displays  a  most  kindly  and  generous 
spirit,  his  personal  qualities  gaining  him  the  regard  and  esteem  of  his  fellowmen. 


WILLIAM  THOMAS  REID. 

William  Thomas  Reid  needs  no  introduction  to  the  citizens  of  New  Westmin- 
ster. A  man  of  broad  ability,  comprehensive  knowledge  and  considerable  wealth, 
he  has  proved  himself  a  prominent  factor  in  the  community,  through  the  develop- 
ment of  the  extensive  clothing  and  men's  furnishings  store  with  which  he  is 
connected,  and  through  the  quiet,  yet  forceful,  influence  which  he  exerts  in 
behalf  of  public  progress  by  his  generous  support  of  measures  for  the  public 
good  and  his  timely  assistance  when  material  aid  is  needed. 

Mr.  Reid  was  born  near  Brockville,  Ontario,  on  the  I4th  of  October,  1856, 
and  is  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Eliza  J.  (Cannon)  Reid,  the  former  a  native  of 
Queen's  county,  Ireland,  and  the  latter  of  Ontario,  Canada..  The  father  crossed 
the  Atlantic  with  his  parents  when  he  was  about  fifteen  years  of  age  and  with 
them  settled  in  Halton  county,  Ontario,  where  he  grew  to  manhood.  He  was 
educated  for  the  Methodist  ministry  and  after  his  ordination  filled  pulpits  in 
eastern  and  western  Ontario  for  forty-seven  years,  remaining  active  up  to  the 
time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  Port  Perry,  Ontario,  in  the  early  'gos.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Toronto  conference  and  one  of  the  best  known  divines  in 
Ontario,  his  long,  active  and  consecrated  life,  and  his  unselfish  and  well  directed 
work  making  him  one  of  the  leading  forces  in  the  spread  of  Christianity  in  that 
part  of  the  Dominion. 

William  Thomas  Reid  was  reared  in  his  parents'  home  and  acquired  his 
education  in  the  public  schools  of  various  communities,  attending  high  school 
in  Listowel.  When  he  was  twenty  years  of  age  he  laid  aside  his  books  and 
turned  his  attention  to  business,  establishing  himself  as  a  general  merchant  in 
Port  Perry  and  beginning  thus  a  long,  useful  and  successful  business  career. 
After  three  years  in  his  first  location  he  went  to  Neepawa,  Manitoba,  where  he 
conducted  a  general  store  for  seven  years,  coming  from  there  to  British  Colum- 
bia. In  this  province  he  located  first  in  Cranbrook,  where  he  remained  nine 
years,  witnessing  a  great  deal  of  the  growth  of  the  city  and  becoming  a  powerful 
and  vital  factor  in  its  general  business  life.  In  1908  he  came  to  New  Westminster 
and  here  he  established  the  clothing  and  men's  outfitting  store  with  which  he 
is  still  connected.  He  joined  Mr.  McDonald  in  its  conduct  under  the  firm 
name  of  Reid  &  McDonald  and  they  are  today  in  control  of  a  large  and  lucrative 
patronage,  which  has  been  accorded  them  in  recognition  of  their  known  relia- 


WILLIAM  T.  REID 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  561 

bility,  the  high  quality  of  the  goods  which  they  handle  and  their  progressive 
and  honorable  business  methods.  A  great  deal  of  the  success  of  the  concern  is 
due  to  Mr.  Reid,  who  has  given  of  his  time  and  best  energies  to  its  further 
development  and  expansion,  bringing  to  the  task  his  unusual  ability,  his  keen 
discrimination  and  his  sound  business  judgment.  His  success  has  gained  him 
a  prominent  place  in  business  circles  of  New  Westminster,  where  he  has  become 
a  leading  figure  in  the  promotion  of  all  projects  tending  to  promote  general 
business  activity. 

In  1890  Mr.  Reid  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Alice  M.  Walker,  daughter 
of  Rev.  Thomas  Walker,  at  that  time  pastor  of  Trinity  Methodist  church  of 
Milwaukee,  Wisconsin.  They  have  become  the  parents  of  five  children:  D.  J. 
Tannis,  who  is  attending  Toronto  University ;  David  T.  H. ;  Ruth  A. ;  Robert  M. 
and  Katherine  O.  The  parents  are  well  known  in  social  circles  of  New  West- 
minster and  Mrs.  Reid  is  prominent  in  the  affairs  of  the  local  branch  of  the 
Young  Women's  Christian  Association,  of  which  she  is  now  serving  as  president 
in  an  able  and  satisfactory  way.  She  is  president  of  the  Provincial  Educational 
Club  connected  with  Columbia  college  and  is  a  member  of  the  hospital  board. 
The  family  occupy  a  beautiful  home  in  New  Westminster  and  have  also  a  com- 
fortable cottage  at  Crescent  Beach,  where  they  spend  the  summers. 

Mr.  Reid  is  undoubtedly  one  of  the  leading  men  of  New  Westminster  at  the 
present  time,  his  interests  being  varied  and  representative  and  his  standards  of 
action  high.  He  belongs  to  the  New  Westminster  Board  of  Trade.  He  is 
always  to  be  found  among  the  leaders  in  all  kinds  of  charitable  and  social  work 
and  his  energy  is  as  tireless  as  his  usefulness  is  far-reaching. 


F.  R.  STEWART. 

Ofttimes  seemingly  trivial  interests  constitute  the  turning  point  in  one's  career, 
and  so  it  seemed  in  the  case  of  F.  R.  Stewart,  whom  apparently  accidental  cir- 
cumstances caused  to  become  a  resident  of  British  Columbia.  Today  he  figures 
as  one  of  the  leading  business  men  of  Vancouver,  being  the  founder  and  senior 
partner  in  the  wholesale  fruit  and  produce  business  of  F.  R.  Stewart  &  Company. 
He  was  born  in  Brechin,  Scotland,  March  21,  1863,  a  son  of  Walter  and  Helen 
(Reid)  Stewart,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  the  land  of  hills  and  heather.  The 
father  gave  his  entire  life  to  newspaper  work  and  for  many  years  was  the  publisher 
of  a  paper  in  Southport,  England,  to  which  city  he  removed  about  1874.  He 
retired  several  years  prior  to  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1905.  He  had  long 
survived  his  wife,  who  passed  away  in  1870. 

F.  R.  Stewart  was  a  lad  of  eleven  years  at  the  time  of  the  removal  of  the 
family  to  Southport.  When  a  young  man  he  there  engaged  with  his  brother  in 
the  retail  grocery  business,  in  which  he  continued  until  1888,  when  deciding  to 
take  a  vacation  he  went  to  Toronto,  Ontario,  to  visit  friends,  and  also  to  the 
eastern  states.  It  was  his  intention  to  remain  about  three  months,  but  upon  arriving 
.in  Toronto  he  found  that  his  friends  there  were  preparing  to  remove  to  Van- 
couver. As  the  time  for  their  departure  drew  near  and  he  heard  the  new  country 
discussed  at  length  his  attention  was  naturally  directed  to  the  west,  and  think- 
ing he  might  never  have  another  opportunity  to  tour  Canada,  he  finally  decided 
to  come  to  the  coast  for  a  few  months'  visit. 

After  remaining  long  enough  to  acquaint  himself  with  the  ways  and  customs  of 
the  new  town  Mr.  Stewart,  being  favorably  impressed  with  the  people  and  their 
methods  of  business,  concluded  to  remain  for  several  months  and  accepted  a  posi- 
tion in  a  wholesale  fruit  and  produce  house  for  a  man  of  the  name  of  Clark,  in. 
whose  employ  he  remained  for  two  years.  By  the  end  of  that  time  he  had  aban- 
doned the  idea  of  returning  to  the  mother  country  and  was  offered  the  opportunity 
of  becoming  a  partner  in  Mr.  Clark's  business,  but  preferred  to  enter  commercial 
circles  on  his  own  account,  and  with  the  money  he  had  saved  while  in  Vancouver 


562  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

he  established  a  similar  enterprise,  starting  out  on  a  small  scale.  During  his  first 
two  years  in  the  business  he  was  located  on  Carroll  street  and  then  removed  to 
Water  street,  remaining  for  a  number  of  years,  just  one  door  east  of  his  present 
location.  In  1906  he  erected  a  fine,  large  five  story  building,  now  occupied  by 
the  firm,  at  No.  127  Water  street.  As  the  years  passed  his  trade  grew  and  about 
1893  he  opened  a  branch  store  in  Victoria  to  supply  that  city  and  the  island, 
employing  Arthur  Brenchley  to  act  as  manager.  In  1905  Mr.  Brenchley  became 
a  partner  in  the  business,  which  has  since  been  conducted  under  the  style  of  F.  R. 
Stewart  &  Company.  Mr.  Stewart  is  one  of  the  largest  dealers  in  Vancouver  in 
fruits,  eggs,  butter,  cheese  and  smoked  ham  and  bacon.  In  his  present  building 
he  has  a  large  meat  smoking  plant  and  the  firm  are  the  producers  of  the  well- 
known  Ajax  brand  of  hams  and  bacon.  Beside  the  branch  house  in  Victoria 
they  are  represented  upon  the  road  by  eight  traveling  salesmen  who  cover  the 
province.  This  was  the  first  firm  in  Vancouver  to  use  a  motor  truck  in  connec- 
tion with  the  business  and  today  they  utilize  three.  Their  output  is  sent  all 
over  British  Columbia.  In  addition  to  his  fruit  and  produce  business  he  is  vice 
president  of  the  Dominion  Trust  Company  and  has  been  a  director  since  its  organi- 
zation. 

In  1908  Mr.  Stewart  for  the  first  time  in  twenty-five  years  returned  to  his 
native  land  and  spent  five  months  in  touring  Europe,  visiting  many  points  of 
scenic,  historic  and  modern  interest.  He  was  for  a  number  of  years  a  member  of 
the  Vancouver  Rifle  Association  and  has  lately  been  made  honorary  president. 
He  belongs  to  the  Board  of  Trade  and  cooperates  in  its  various  projects  for  the 
public  good  and  in  other  movements  for  the  general  welfare  not  instituted  by 
the  board.  For  the  past  twenty-four  years  he  has  been  a  member  of  St.  Andrew  s 
Presbyterian  church  and  for  several  years  was  chairman  of  its  board  of  managers, 
doing  all  in  his  power  to  promote  its  growth  and  extend  its  influence.  He  belongs 
to  the  Terminal  City,  Commercial,  Shaughnessy  Heights  and  British  Columbia 
Golf  and  Country  Clubs.  He  finds  his  chief  recreations  in  golf  and  motoring  and 
was  the  owner  of  one  of  the  first  motor  cars  in  the  province.  Vancouver  num- 
bers him  among  her  leading  and  representative  citizens.  He  has  built  up  an  excel- 
lent business  here  and  has,  moreover,  been  an  important  factor  along  various 
other  lines  relating  to  the  material,  political,  social  and  moral  welfare  of  the  city. 
He  has  been  characterized  as  the  possessor  of  Scotch  positiveness,  of  a  pleasing 
personality  and  of  good  conversational  powers. 


JOHN  WESLEY  MAcDONALD. 

John  Wesley  MacDonald,  postmaster  of  New  Westminster,  was  appointed  in 
June,  1910,  to  the  position  in  which  he  is  now  ably  serving.  His  record  in  public 
and  private  connections  has  been  characterized  by  fidelity  to  duty  as  well  as 
capability.  He  was  born  at  Cape  Breton,  Nova  Scotia,  on  the  9th  of  September, 
1864,  his  parents  being  John  S.  and  Catherine  (MacDonald)  MacDonald,  both 
of  whom  were  natives  of  Cape  Breton.  The  mother  died  in  Halifax,  Nova 
Scotia,  in  1886.  Two  years  before  the  father  had  come  to  British  Columbia, 
settling  in  Victoria,  and  subsequently  he  worked  as  ship  carpenter  at  Nakusp, 
British  Columbia,  being  engaged  in  the  building  of  Canadian  Pacific  Railway 
boats.  For  the  past  five  years  he  has  resided  at  Pentictum,  where  he  is  now  con- 
ducting a  boathouse. 

John  Wesley  MacDonald  was  reared  under  the  parental  roof  and  acquired 
his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Nova  Scotia.  When  about  seventeen  years 
tof  age  he  entered  upon  a  seafaring  life,  which  he  followed  until  1887.  That 
year  witnessed  his  arrival  in  British  Columbia.  Settling  in  Victoria,  he  secured 
a  position  with  the  Dominion  Express  Company  and  in  1889  was  transferred  to 
Vancouver,  being  given  the  position  of  express  messenger  on  the  trains.  He 
served  in  that  capacity  until  1899,  when  he  was  promoted  to  the  position  of  city 


JOHN  W.  MACDOXALD 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  565 

agent  at  New  Wesminster,  in  which  capacity  he  continued  until  his  appointment 
as  postmaster  of  the  city  in  June,  1910.  He  has  ever  been  found  loyal  to  the 
trust  reposed  in  him,  and  his  ability  and  fidelity  have  made  him  an  officer  of 
acknowledged  worth. 

In  1888  Mr.  MacDonald  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Hannah  J.  Dean,  a 
daughter  of  Thomas  Dean,  of  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  and  unto  them  have  been 
born  six  children :  Catherine  Frances,  Wesley  Scott,  Arthur  Roy,  Lois  Wini- 
fred, Norman  Dean  and  John  Melvin  Lloyd.  The  eldest  is  now  the  wife  of 
Percy  Secord,  of  New  Wesminster,  and  the  five  other  children  are  at  home.  Mr. 
MacDonald  is  a  member*  of  Amity  Lodge  No.  27,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  and  also  holds 
membership  with  the  Sons  of  Scotland.  He  and  his  wife  belong  to  the  Sixth 
Avenue  Methodist  church,  and  in  various  lines  of  church  and  benevolent  work 
he  takes  an  active  and  helpful  part.  He  is  now  the  vice  president  of  the  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  and  is  very  active  in  the  temperance  cause.  In  fact, 
his  influence  is  always  found  on  the  side  of  those  agencies  which  are  most  effec- 
tive factors  in  the  moral  development  and  progress  of  the  community,  seeking 
ever  the  upbuilding  and  benefit  of  the  race. 


FRANCIS  MILLAR  CHALDECOTT. 

Francis  Millar  Chaldecott,  engaged  in  general  practice  of  law  in  Vancouver, 
was  admitted  to  the  supreme  court  in  British  Columbia  in  1891,  and  successive 
years  have  attested  his  ability  in  legal  matters.  He  was  born  at  Chertsey  in  the 
county  of  Surrey,  England,  October  10,  1863,  his  parents  being  Thomas  A.  and 
Ellen  Lucas  Chaldecott.  His  education  was  acquired  at  Blundell's  school  in 
Tiverton  and  at  Falstead  school  in  Essex.  A  review  of  the  many  activities  to 
which  an  individual  might  direct  his  energies  led  him  to  the  belief  that  he  would 
find  the  practice  of  law  a  congenial  life  work,  and  with  that  end  in  view  he  was 
articled  to  C.  J.  Mander,  New  Square,  London,  in  1882.  His  preliminary  study 
was  thorough  and  comprehensive,  and  he  was  admitted  as  solicitor  in  the  supreme 
court  of  England  in  1888.  He  afterward  practiced  law  in  his  native  land  for 
two  years  and  then  sought  the  opportunities  of  the  growing  west,  arriving  in 
British  Columbia  in  1890.  The  following  year  he  was  admitted  to  the  supreme 
court  of  the  province  and  has  since  been  a  barrister  of  Vancouver,  actively  en- 
gaged in  general  practice.  He  does  not  specialize  in  any  department  of  the  law, 
but  has  comprehensive  knowledge  of  the  principles  which  are  brought  in  play 
in  general  legal  work. 

Mr.  Chaldecott  is  an  Anglican  in  his  religious  belief,  a  conservative  in  his 
political  faith,  while  his  social  nature  finds  expression  in  his  membership  in  the 
Vancouver,  Jericho  Country  and  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Clubs  and  the  Royal 
Automobile  Club  of  London,  England.  These,  too,  indicate  much  concerning 
the  nature  of  his  interests  and  recreation  and  maintain  an  even  balance  to  his 
active  professional  life,  in  which  he  is  making  continuous  advancement. 


JAMES  B.  GIFFEN. 

James  B.  Giffen,  of  Vancouver,  is  district  manager  for  R.  G.  Dun  &  Company, 
to  which  position  of  responsibility  he  has  steadily  worked  his  way  upward,  his 
ability  being  proven  by  the  test  of  previous  service.  He  was  born  January  24, 
1868,  and  after  attending  public  school  continued  his  education  in  night  schools 
and  in  a  business  college.  At  the  age  of  thirteen  years  he  had  to  go  to  work  and 
was  employed  by  a  dry-goods  house  as  a  parcel  boy.  He  next  entered  the  employ 
of  the  old,  highly  reputable  firm  of  physicians  and  surgeons,  Drs.  Good  and 
Jones,  of  Winnipeg,  and  later  occupied  a  position  in  the  drug  store  of  J.  F. 


566  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

Rolls,  which  was  conducted  under  the  management  of  Mr.  Needlands,  a  very 
popular  man.  While  with  that  firm  Mr.  Giffen  became  acquainted  with  Mr. 
Matthews,  manager  of  the  Winnipeg  office  of  R.  G.  Dun  &  Company,  who  induced 
Mr.  Giffen  to  take  a  position  with  the  company.  This  he  did  in  May,  1884, — 
twenty-nine  years  ago — entering  their  employ  at  a  salary  of  five  dollars  per  week. 
He  worked  in  various  capacities  with  the  firm,  thoroughly  acquainting  himself 
with  the  different  features  of  the  business  as  his  duties  and  responsibilities  were 
increased,  and  in  August,  1887,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Toronto  office  as  ticket 
clerk  and  country  reporter.  For  three  years  thereaftec  he  traveled  west  of  To- 
ronto and  on  the  expiration  of  that  period  was  appointed  manager  of  the  Victoria 
office  in  June,  1893.  This  appointment  came  after  he  had  made  a  holiday  trip 
to  the  coast  in  1892.  He  was  greatly  and  favorably  impressed  with  the  western 
country  and  was  very  glad  of  the  opportunity  to  change  to  the  Victoria  office, 
where  he  remained  in  charge  until  1898,  when  he  was  appointed  manager  of  the 
Vancouver  office  and  district  manager  for  British  Columbia  on  the  death  of  W.  C. 
Matthews,  who  was  general  manager  for  Canada.  In  1911  he  became  district 
manager  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  coast.  Thus  step  by  step  he  has  gradually 
advanced  and  the  company  regards  him  as  one  of  its  most  trusted,  reliable  and 
capable  representatives. 

Mr.  Giffen  is  married  and  has  three  children,  two  sons  and  a  daughter.  His 
religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Episcopal  church.  He  belongs  to  the  Terminal  Club 
and  his  chief  sources  of  recreation  are  fishing  and  billiards.  He  is  a  young,  wide- 
awake man,  steadily  advancing  in  business  because  of  his  progressive  spirit  and 
unfaltering  diligence,  and  extremely  popular  with  his  associates  because  of  an 
attractive  personality. 


JOHN  CHARLES  MALCOLM  KEITH. 

Ranking  with  the  foremost  architects  of  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  John 
Charles  Malcolm  Keith  has  for  over  twenty  years  made  this  city  the  field  of 
his  labors  and  has  in  that  period  designed  many  of  the  public  and  semi-public 
buildings  of  the  city  as  well  as  many  of  its  finest  residences.  His  plans  for  the 
Anglican  Church  cathedral  were  given  first  choice  and  its  building  is  now  corn- 
ing to  realization.  Mr.  Keith  studied  his  profession  in  Scotland  and  England 
under  some  of  the  foremost  men  in  that  line,  gaining  a  comprehensive  knowledge, 
and  his  artistic  ability  and  his  good  taste  are  evidenced  by  the  examples  of  his 
work.  Born  at  Nairn,  Scotland,  December  19,  1858,  he  is  a  son  of  Rev.  Charles 
M.  and  Elizabeth  Madeline  (Christie)  Keith.  The  father  was  an  Anglican  min- 
ister, standing  high  in  his  church,  and  had  been  instrumental  in  building  two 
large  churches  and  three  parsonages.  He  also  was  responsible  for  the  build- 
ing of  schools,  ever  taking  a  deep  interest  in  the  uplift  of  the  people,  and  was 
a  man  gifted  with  marked  musical  ability.  His  death  occurred  in  October, 
1912,  and  his  wife  died  in  August,  1896. 

John  C.  M.  Keith  received  his  education  in  grammar  schools  at  Lincoln, 
England,  and  Clare  Mount,  Wallasey,  Cheshire,  England,  leaving  school  in 
1874.  He  then  became  a  pupil  of  Alexander  Ross,  an  architect  of  Inverness, 
Scotland,  who  was  the  designer  of  the  Inverness  cathedral  among  other  promi- 
nent buildings  in  that  country.  In  1883  Mr.  Keith  again  left  Scotland  for  Lon- 
don, England,  studying  under  several  of  the  prominent  architects  of  that  city, 
gaining  an  extensive  fundamental  knowledge  and  developing  his  latent  ability 
and  artistic  sense.  In  1887  Mr.  Keith  left  England  for  the  United  States,  locat- 
ing in  California,  where  he  continued  to  practice  his  profession  until  1891,  in 
which  year  he  came  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  to  submit  plans  for  Christ's 
Church  cathedral,  architects  being  invited  from  London  as  well  as  from  other 
cities  to  submit  designs.  These  were  forwarded  to  London,  England,  to  be 
passed  upon  by  Sir  Arthur  Bloomfield,  R.  A.,  and  Mr.  Keith's  designs  and 


JOHN  C.  M.  KEITH 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  569 

plans  received  the  preference  over  all  others  submitted,  second  and  third  choice 
being  decided  in  favor  of  two  London  architects.  The  erection  of  the  church 
has  been  delayed  but  recently  it  has  been  decided  to  begin  work  on  the  cathe- 
dral. Mr.  Keith  has  revised  his  plans  slightly  and  in  the  near  future  will  leave 
for  England  to  complete  the  final  arrangements  for  the  building  of  this  magnifi- 
cent church.  Among  other  public  buildings  the  Moss  Street  school  of  Victoria 
was  erected  according  to  plans  furnished  by  Mr.  Keith,  as  well  as  many  fine  resi- 
dences and  numerous  other  structures,  one  of  which  is  the  Seamen's  Institute 
now  in  course  of  construction,  the  cornerstone  having  been  laid  by  His  Royal 
Highness  the  Duke  of  Connaught.  The  work  of  Mr.  Keith  bespeaks  deep 
thought  and  individuality  and  he  combines  usefulness  with  beauty  of  design.  He 
has  won  a  distinct  place  among  his  colleagues  in  Victoria  and  has  contributed 
in  no  small  degree  toward  the  beautification  of  the  city  which  by  long  association 
and  residence  has  become  dear  to  him. 

In  Vancouver,  on  the  3Oth  of  May,  1908,  Mr.  Keith  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Louisa  E.  S.  Barter,  a  daughter  of  William  Barter,  a  resident  of  that 
city.  Mr.  Keith  is  a  member  of  the  Pacific  Club  and  a  charter  member  of  the 
Arion  Club,  of  which  he  was  formerly  president.  He  was  formerly  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Victoria  Musical  Society  and  the  Victoria  Choral  Society,  having  at 
one  time  been  president  of  these  two  organizations.  He  is  very  active  in  all 
musical  affairs  and  has  a  decided  talent  along  that  line.  Along  professional  lines 
Mr.  Keith  is  president  of  the  Victoria  chapter  of  the  British  Columbia  Society  of 
Architects,  also  holding  that  office  in  1912.  He  is  a  member  of  Christ's  Church 
cathedral.  In  the  midst  of  an  active  career  Mr.  Keith  is  doing  effective  work 
in  carrying  forward  the  banner  of  progress  in  Victoria  and  while  he  has  attained 
to  prosperity  he  has  done  much  that  has  benefited  the  city  and  the  general 
public.  By  his  participation  in  the  better  things  of  life  he  has  stimulated  those 
interests  which  elevate  humanity  and  his  efforts  have  found  deep  appreciation 
among  his  fellow  citizens. 


REV.  EDWARD  WHITE. 

Rev.  Edward  White,  a  well  known  pioneer  Methodist  missionary  of  British 
Columbia,  arrived  in  this  province  in  1859.  Settlers  upon  the  coast  were  few 
at  that  date  and  the  work  of  development  and  progress  had  scarcely  penetrated 
into  the  interior.  It  was  only  in  those  districts  which  could  be  reached  by  water- 
ways that  white  settlers  had  established  homes  and  even  then  their  places  of  resi- 
dence were  widely  separated.  Mr.  White  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1822,  of  English  parentage,  but  in  1826  the  family  removed  to  Kent  county, 
Ontario,  being  probably  influenced  by  the  fact  that  Kent,  England,  was  the  parents' 
native  county.  They  took  up  land  near  the  town  of  Chatham,  where  they  reared 
their  large  family  amid  the  hardships  and  toils  incident  to  pioneer  conditions  in 
western  Ontario  ninety  years  ago. 

In  1848  Mr.  White  entered  the  ministry  of  the  Methodist  church  and  ten 
years  later  was  chosen  as  one  of  a  band  of  four  missionaries  sent  out  to  British 
Columbia.  The  party  left  Ontario  on  the  3ist  of  December,  1858,  and  proceeded 
by  way  of  New  York  and  Panama  to  the  Pacific  coast  landing  at  Victoria, 
February  10,  1859.  Shortly  afterward  Mr.  White  removed  to  the  new  city  of 
New  Westminster,  which  he  reached  with  his  family  on  the  ist  of  the  following 
April.  On  Sunday  he  held  the  first  religious  service  on  the  new  town  site,  preach- 
ing under  a  spreading  tree  to  a  company  of  miners  and  prospectors,  the  text 
being,  Romans  xv:  20,  21.  At  that  time  there  was  not  a  house  in  New  Westmin- 
ster and  the  first  work  of  the  young  pastor  was  to  clear  a  space  in  the  dense 
forest  and  erect  a  house  for  his  family  and  a  smalt  building  in  which  to  gather 
his  congregation.  Being  an  expert  axman  he  entered  upon  the  task  with  skill 
and  vigor  and  in  a  few  months  the  first  Methodist  church  west  of  the  Great  Lakes 


570  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

was  dedicated.  In  1863  Mr.  White  removed  to  Nanaimo,  but  returned  to  New 
Westminster  in  1866  for  a  further  term  of  three  years.  In  1871,  owing  to  ill 
health,  he  returned  to  Ontario.  The  following  spring  he  spent  four  months 
visiting  and  lecturing  in  England  and  on  his  return  trip  contracted  smallpox, 
dying  shortly  after  landing  in  Montreal,  June  16,  1872. 

In  early  manhood  Mr.  White  married  Miss  Sarah  J.  Woodman,  who  was  born 
in  Oxford,  England,  but  in  her  girlhood  removed  to  Ontario  with  her  parents, 
being  reared  in  St.  Thomas.  Their  marriage  was  celebrated  in  Ontario,  and  to 
them  two  children  were  born  before  they  started  for  the  west. 

Mr.  White  was  a  man  of  athletic  frame  and  strong  mentality.  From  the  date 
of  his  arrival  in  British  Columbia  he  took  a  deep  interest  not  only  in  the  work 
of  his  own  denomination  but  in  the  broader  affairs  of  the  new  country,  in  whose 
future  he  had  profound  faith.  He  was  especially  interested  in  all  that  advanced 
the  material  welfare  of  the  province  and  is  said  to  have  planted  the  first  apple 
tree  on  the  mainland.  During  the  last  five  years  of  his  stay  in  the  west  he  was 
chairman  of  the  British  Columbia  district  of  the  Methodist  church  and  as  such 
traveled  extensively  and  assisted  many  a  settler  to  get  started  in  new  surroundings, 
and  by  his  letters  to  eastern  papers  turned  many  eyes  and  hearts  westward.  A 
man  of  virility  and  faith,  a  pioneer  and  a  builder,  he  is  entitled  to  rank  with 
those  sturdy  and  adventurous  men  of  the  early  '6os  whose  names  will  soon  be 
only  dimly  recalled  but  whose  labor  laid  the  foundation  of  all  later  progress  and 
prosperity. 


ALFRED  W.  McLEOD. 

Alfred  W.  McLeod,  known  as  "the  insurance  man"  in  New  Westminster, 
has  built  up  an  extensive  clientage  along  that  line  and  maintains  offices  in  the 
newly  completed  Westminster  Trust  block.  His  birth  occurred  in  Listowel, 
Ontario,  on  the  I5th  of  October,  1880,  his  parents  being  John  M.  and  Jessie 
(Brown)  McLeod,  natives  of  Scotland,  who  were  married  in  that  country  in 
1870.  Immediately  afterward  they  came  to  Ontario,  Canada.  The  father,  how- 
ever, had  emigrated  to  this  country  several  years  prior  to  his  marriage  and  had 
become  interested  in  the  oil  fields  of  western  Ontario.  In  1880  he  made  his 
way  to  the  Pacific  coast  as  one  of  the  pioneer  builders  of  the  Pacific  division  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway.  In  1882  he  brought  his  family  to  New  West- 
minster and  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life  in  or  near  that  town,  passing  away 
in  1894.  His  widow,  who  survives,  makes  her  home  in  New  Westminster  dur- 
ing the  summer  months  and  during  the  winter  seasons  resides  in  California  with 
her  son,  John  M. 

Alfred  W.  McLeod  was  reared  under  the  parental  roof  and  educated  in  the 
graded  and  high  schools  of  New  Westminster.  When  a  youth  of  fifteen  he 
began  providing  for  his  own  support  as  a  newspaper  boy  and  at  the  age  of 
seventeen  embarked  in  business  on  his  own  account  in  connection  with  newspaper 
work.  Gradually  he  extended  his  activities  into  the  insurance  field.  In  1908, 
when  his  insurance  business  had  reached  such  proportions  that  it  required  all 
of  his  time,  he  abandoned  his  other  interests  and  developed  the  most  extensive 
insurance  concern  in  New  Westminster,  with  offices  at  No.  657  Columbia  street. 
In  December,  1912,  he  sold  his  old  established  business  to  Latham  &  Clark  and 
opened  new  offices  in  the  Westminster  Trust  block,  having  since  represented  other 
and  stronger  agencies  along  different  lines.  He  is  now  erecting  one  of  the  most 
pretentious  brick  business  blocks  in  New  Westminster — at  the  corner  of  Sixth 
and  Carnarvon  streets,  and  he  also  owns  another  large  block  at  Nos.  59,  61  and 
63  Sixth  street  and  various  other  city  properties.  A  man  of  splendid  business 
ability  and  sound  judgment,  his  operations  have  been  attended  with  success  and 
he  has  long  enjoyed  an  enviable  reputation  as  a  prosperous  and  progressive 
citizen  of  New  Westminster. 


ALFRED  W.  McLEOD 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  573 

On  the  5th  of  February,  1907,  at  Santa  Rosa,  California,  Mr.  McLeod  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Ruth  Temple,  a  daughter  of  the  late  Supreme  Court 
Justice,  Jackson  Temple,  of  California.  They  reside  in  their  beautiful  home, 
situated  at  the  corner  of  Fourth  avenue  and  Arbutus  street.  Fraternally  Mr! 
McLeod  is  identified  with  Lewis  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  he  also  belongs  to 
Royal  Lodge,  No.  6,  of  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  is  a  member  of  the  uniformed 
rank  at  Vancouver.  He  likewise  holds  membership  relations  with  the  West- 
minster Club,  the  Burnaby  Lake  Country  Club,  the  New  Westminster  Progres- 
sive Association,  the  Board  of  Trade  and  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Associa- 
tion. He  has  traveled  practically  all  over  America,  both  in  a  business  way  and 
for  pleasure.  In  religious  faith  he  is  a  Presbyterian  and  supports  the  church 
of  that  denomination  in  his  home  locality.  Nearly  his  entire  life  has  been  spent 
in  New  Westminster,  and  in  both  business  and  social  circles  of  the  community 
he  is  well  known  and  highly  esteemed. 


CHARLES  SAMUEL  MEEK. 

Since  1909  Charles  Samuel  Meek  has  been  successfully  engaged  in  the  bond 
brokerage  and  investment  business  in  Vancouver,  occupying  as  president  of  the 
Standard  Securities,  Limited,  a  prominent  position  among  the  financiers  of  this 
city.  He  also  has  other  important  interests,  and  his  standing  among  his  colleagues 
is  evidenced  by  his  election  to  the  position  of  vice  president  of  the  Grain  Exchange. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Stock  Exchange. 

Born  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  June  n,  1874,  Mr.  Meek  is  a  son  of  Edward  and 
Anna  (McBride)  Meek,  the  former  of  Irish  lineage  and  a  son  of  James  Meek, 
who  came  from  Belfast,  Ireland,  to  Canada,  about  1820  as  a  boy,  being  one 
of  the  settlers  of  Colonel  Talbot's  settlement  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Erie,  Ontario. 
There  he  engaged  in  farming  and  also  built  wharves  and  mills  at  Port  Stanley, 
Ontario,  becoming  a  prominent  and  progressive  citizen  of  his  district.  His  son, 
Edward  Meek,  was  born  in  Port  Stanley  in  December,  1845,  and  reared  there 
and  educated  in  the  schools  of  Port  Stanley  and  London.  He  then  studied  law 
in  Osgoode  Hall,  Toronto,  and  was  called  to  the  Ontario  bar  in  1874.  He  has 
long  been  recognized  as  one  of  the  foremost  barristers  of  the  Dominion  and  is 
also  an  orator  of  ability  and  a  platform  speaker  of  note,  taking  a  leading  part  in 
the  conservative  party  of  Ontario.  In  1880  Edward  Meek  became  legal  editor  of 
the  Toronto  Mail  and  so  continued  for  four  years,  or  until  1884.  Since  1895 
he  has  been  legal  editor  of  the  Toronto  Mail  &  Empire.  He  also  makes  valuable 
contributions  to  magazines  and  other  journals  on  legal,  political,  social  and  moral 
subjects,  being  a  recognized  authority  on  constitutional  law.  In  1873  Mr.  Meek 
married  Miss  Anna  McBride,  a  daughter  of  Samuel  McBride,  the  latter  having 
come  from  Belfast,  Ireland,  to  Niagara,  where  he  first  settled,  later  removing  to 
London,  Ontario.  There  he  engaged  in  the  hardware  business,  becoming  a  suc- 
cessful merchant  of  that  city. 

.  Charles  S.  Meek  was  educated  in  Upper  Canada  College  and  at  Toronto  Uni- 
versity, from  which  latter  institution  he  graduated  in  1892  in  electrical  engineering. 
He  then  became  electrical  engineer  in  the  employ  of  the  Edison  Company  at  New 
York  and  later  at  Montreal,  remaining  with  that  corporation  for  three  years. 
He  was  then  for  a  similar  length  of  time  with  the  Royal  Electric  Company  at 
Montreal.  In  1898  he  became  interested  in  various  manufacturing  industries  in 
that  city  and  there  continued  until  1909,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia,  where  he  engaged  in  the  bond,  brokerage  and  investment  business, 
organizing  the  Standard  Securities,  Limited,  of  which  he  was  elected  president, 
and  so  continues  to  date.  This  company  handles  bond  and  investment  business 
in  connection  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  the  Canadian  Northern  Pacific 
Railway  and  the  Grand  Trunk  Pacific  Railway  properties.  In  the  upbuilding 
of  his  business  interests  Mr.  Meek  has  exhibited  rare  judgment,  a  ready  under- 


574  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

standing  of  local  conditions  and  extraordinary  executive  ability.  His  methods 
are  straightforward  and  his  clients'  interests  are  treated  with  the  utmost  care 
and  consideration.  It  is  therefore  but  natural  that  his  business  has  grown  by 
leaps  and  bounds  and  in  a  few  years  the  Standard  Securities,  Limited,  through 
his  efforts  has  become  a  power  in  the  financial  world  of  the  province.  Mr.  Meek 
has  various  other  financial  interests  and  was  one  of  the  founders  and  is  now  vice 
president  of  the  Vancouver  Grain  Exchange  and  he  also  is  a  member  of  the 
Stock  Exchange. 

On  June  n,  1902,  Mr.  Meek  married  Miss  Edith  J.  Whyte,  third  daughter 
of  Sir  William  Whyte,  of  Winnipeg,  vice  president  (retired)  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway,  who  was  born  in  Charleston,  Fifeshire,  Scotland,  September  15, 
1843,  a  son  of  William  Whyte,  and  came  to  Canada  in  1863,  when  about  twenty 
years  of  age,  to  enter  the  employ  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  as  brakeman, 
remaining  with  that  road  until  1883,  having  advanced  through  various  grades  to 
the  position  of  assistant  superintendent  of  the  central  division.  In  October, 
1883,  Sir  William  Whyte  became  general  superintendent  of  the'  Credit  Valley 
Railroad  and  general  superintendent  of  the  Ontario  &  Quebec  Railway  and  in 
May,  1884,  became  general  superintendent  of  the  Ontario  division  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway.  He  has  been  continuously  with  that  road  until  today,  becoming 
vice  president  on  June  17,  1910.  He  is  also  vice  president  of  the  Winnipeg  Elec- 
tric Railway  Company,  vice  president  of  the  Standard  Trusts  Company,  a  director 
of  the  Imperial  Bank  of  Canada  and  a  director  of  the  Confederation  Life  Asso- 
ciation. He  is  one  of  the  -foremost  railway  men  on  the  American  continent.  Sir 
William  Whyte  married  in  1879,  at  Toronto,  Miss  Jane  Scott,  a  daughter  of 
Adam  Scott.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Meek  have  two  children,  Kathleen  Edith  and 
Margaret  Methven. 

Mr.  Meek  gives  his  adherence  to  the  conservative  party  and  although  he  has 
never  cared  for  public  office,  takes  a  deep  interest  in  the  general  welfare,  and 
readily  supports  worthy  public  enterprises  by  his  influence  and  means.  Frater- 
nally he  is  a  member  of  Ashlar  lodge,  No.  247,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Toronto.  Other 
associations  connect  him  with  the  Aldine  Club  of  New  York,  the  National  and 
the  Ontario  Clubs  of  Toronto,  and  the  Vancouver,  the  University  and  the  Shaugh- 
nessy  Heights  Golf  Clubs  of  Vancouver.  Comparatively  a  young  man,  he  has 
attained  to  importance  among  the  financiers  of  British  Columbia  and  his  career 
has  been  such  as  to  elicit  the  highest  commendation  of  all,  for  those  activities 
which  have  made  possible  his  success  have  ever  been  above  the  slightest  reproach. 


JOSEPH  HENRY  FOSTER. 

Joseph  Henry  Foster  is  one  of  the  progressive,  enterprising  and  public- 
spirited  young  men  of  New  Westminster,  connected  with  important  business 
interests  as  local  manager  of  the  Kelly-Douglas  Company,  dealers  in  wholesale 
groceries.  He  is  a  native  of  England,  born  in  Stroud,  Gloucestershire,  December 
i,  1883,  and  is  a  son  of  William  and  Augusta  Foster,  both  natives  of  that  com- 
munity. 

Joseph  Henry  Foster  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Van- 
couver, whither  he  removed  in  his  early  childhood,  and  after  laying  aside  his 
books  he  became  connected  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Company,  for 
whom  he  worked  as  clerk  in  the  Vancouver  freight  office  for  a  short  time.  Soon 
afterward,  however,  he  became  connected  with  the  Kelly-Douglas  Company  and 
for  the  past  sixteen  years  has  been  identified  with  this  concern,  rising  through 
successive  stages  of  progress  and  advancement  to  be  one  of  the  most  trusted  and 
valued  representatives  of  the  firm.  Promotion  came  rapidly  and  each  year 
saw  an  increase  in  the  responsibilities  entrusted  to  him  until  finally  in  1911  he 
was  appointed  manager  of  the  branch  in  New  Westminster,  being  thus  put  in 
charge  of  the  local  interests  of  one  of  the  largest  wholesale  grocery  concerns  on 


JOSEPH  H.  FOSTER 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  577 

the  western  coast  of  Canada.  The  plant  in  this  city  covers  an  entire  block  and  is 
one  of  the  well  managed  and  profitable  local  business  institutions.  Mr.  Foster 
has  proven  himself  fully  equal  to  his  responsible  position,  discharging  his  duties 
ably,  conscientiously  and  systematically  and  winning  for  himself  an  enviable 
place  in  business  circles. 

On  the  23d  of  April,  1912,  Mr.  Foster  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Irene 
Barbara  Hoy,  a  daughter  of  Charles  and  Lavinia  Hoy,  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Foster  occupy  an  attractive  home  at  No.  1097  Hamilton  street  and  have 
made  it  the  center  of  a  pleasant  social  circle.  Mr.  Foster  is  fond  of  all  kinds  of 
outdoor  sports  and  a  great  many  of  his  leisure  hours  are  spent  in  hunting,  fish- 
ing and  golf.  He  is  still  a  young  man  but  his  energy,  ambition  and  ability  have 
already  brought  him  to  a  high  place  in  business  circles  and  are  a  guarantee  of 
continued  progress  and  advancement  in  his  chosen  field. 


C.  ELTING  MERRITT. 

C.  Elting  Merritt,  mining  broker  and  real-estate  dealer,  operating  in  Vancouver 
under  the  firm  name  of  Merritt  &  Worsnop,  was  born  in  St.  John,  New  Bruns- 
wick, April  3,  1881.  so  that  practically  the  width  of  the  entire  continent  separates 
him  from  the  place  of  his  nativity.  His  parents  were  William  and  Laurissa 
Merritt  and  the  grandfather  of  our  subject  was  for  many  years  a  ship  builder  on 
the  Kennebecassis  river. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  Charles  E.  Merritt  began  his  education 
and  afterward  attended  the  Davenport  school,  at  St.  John,  but  the  institution  was 
closed  before  he  had  reached  the  time  of  graduation.  After  leaving  school  he 
came  to  British  Columbia  in  January,  1900,  and  spent  two  years  with  the  law  firm 
of  Hallett  &  Shaw,  of  Greenwood.  He  then  went  into  the  mining  and  smelting 
business  in  the  employ  of  the  British  Columbia  Copper  Company,  with  which 
he  remained  until  1905,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  opened  a  real-estate 
office,  ambitious  that  his  labors  should  more  directly  benefit  himself.  In  1909 
he  was  joined  by  Charles  B.  Worsnop  under  the  firm  style  of  Merritt  &  Worsnop 
which  still  continues.  Their  brokerage  business  largely  has  to  do  with  mining 
stocks  and  their  real-estate  department  has  also  won  a  large  clientage.  Starting 
out  in  life  on  his  own  account  while  still  in  his  teens,  Mr.  Merritt  has  gradually 
and  steadily  worked  his  way  upward,  each  forward  step  bringing  him  a  broader, 
outlook  and  wider  opportunities. 

In  politics  he  is  a  conservative  and  is  recognized  as  a  popular  social  leader 
in  Vancouver,  being  especially  well  and  widely  known  in  club  circles,  having  a 
membership  in  the  Vancouver,  Western,  Jericho  Country,  Shaughnessy  Heights 
Golf,  British  Columbia  Golf  and  Vancouver  Hunt  Clubs. 


EDWARD  ARCHIBALD  SMITH,  CH.  M.,  F.  R.  C.  S.  (ENGLAND). 

Although  one  of  the  more  recent  acquisitions  to  the  medical  profession  in 
Vancouver,  Dr.  Edward  Archibald  Smith  has  already  won  recognition  through 
his  ability,  which  is  particularly  pronounced  in  the  field  of  surgery,  He  is  also 
widely  known  by  reason  of  his  valuable  contributions  to  medical  surgery.  He 
was  born  in  Rotherham,  Yorkshire,  England,  March  12,  1875,  a  son  of  William 
John  and  Emilie  Palmer  (Dunman)  Smith,  the  former  a  practicing  physician 
of  Rotherham. 

Under  the  direction  of  a  private  tutor  in  his  father's  home,  Dr.  E.  A.  Smith 
began  his  education,  which  he  later  continued  in  Wesley  College  at  Sheffield, 
England.  He  subsequently  attended  the  Yorkshire  College,  Leeds,  and  the  Uni- 


578  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

versity  College,  Liverpool,  England,  both  being  colleges  of  the  Victoria  University 
of  Manchester.  He  was  graduated  from  the  University  College  in  1896,  with 
first  class  honors,  receiving  at  that  time  the  degrees  of  M.  B.,  Ch.  B.,  while  in 
the  same  year  and  from  the  same  college  he  received  the  M.  R.  C.  S.  of  England 
and  the  L.  R.  C.  P.  of  London.  In  1900  he  became  an  F.  R.  C.  S.  of  England. 

Dr.  Smith  was  engaged  in  general  practice  from  1898  until  1906,  when  he 
went  to  the  continent  of  Europe  for  post-graduate  study  in  Berlin,  Heidelberg, 
Vienna  and  Paris.  He  did  some  original  research  work  in  Vienna  on  the  suture 
of  arteries,  which  was  published  in  German  in  Langenbeck's  Archiv  and  also  in 
book  form  in  English  by  the  Oxford  Medical  Press.  He  has  been  a  frequent 
contributor  to  medical  journals,  his  writings  eliciting  wide-spread  attention  and 
interest.  In  1907  he  returned  from  the  continent  and  settled  in  London,  where 
he  practiced  surgery  and  also  continued  his  research  work.  In  1909  he  took  the 
degree  of  Master  of  Surgery  in  his  university.  In  1896  Dr.  Smith  was  house 
surgeon  to  the  late  Sir  William  Mitchell  Banks  at  the  Royal  Infirmary  in  Liver- 
pool, England,  and  from  1896  until  1898  was  medical  registrar  and  tutor  at  the 
same  hospital.  In  1911  he  suffered  a  severe  attack  of  diphtheria  with  cellulitis  of 
the  neck,  which  necessitated  his  leaving  London.  He  came  to  Vancouver  in  1912, 
and  having  taken  the  required  provincial  medical  examination  began  practice. 
His  specialty  is  surgery.  Already  known  by  reputation  to  the  profession  and 
becoming  rapidly  known  to  the  public,  his  practice  has  steadily  grown  and  is  now 
of  an  important  character  commensurate  with  his  high  standing  and  ability  in 
his  chosen  calling. 

On  the  1 5th  of  July,  1903,  in  London,  England,  Dr.  Smith  was  married  to 
Annie  Erskine  Winter,  a  daughter  of  the  late  William  Winter,  Esq.,  of  London, 
and  Elizabeth  Winter.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Smith  have  one  daughter,  Audrey  Elizabeth. 
Dr.  Smith  votes  with  the  conservative  party.  He  has  membership  in  Fellowship 
lodge,  No.  2535,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  London ;  was  formerly  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Club  of  London,  and  is  a  member  of  the  University  Club  of  Van- 
couver. In  religious  belief  he  is  an  Anglican.  His  membership  relations  along 
strictly  professional  lines  are  with  the  Royal  Society  of  Medicine,  in  London; 
the  Vancouver  Medical  Association,  the  British  Columbia  Medical  Association 
and  the  British  Medical  Association.  These  connections  keep  him  in  close  touch 
with  the  advance  work  of  the  profession  in  Canada  and  abroad,  and  private  read- 
ing and  research  also  further  his  knowledge  and  promote  the  efficiency  that  has 
already  gained  him  rank  among  the  eminent  representatives  of  the  profession  in 
the  northwest. 


ELI  HARRISON. 

Among  the  men  whose  lives  and  accomplishments  have  been  important  factors 
in  the  progress  of  British  Columbia,  whose  standards  and  ideals  have  influenced 
the  direction  of  development  in  Victoria  for  the  past  half  century  and  to  whose 
public  spirit  the  city  owes  the  foundation  and  continued  growth  of  some  of  the 
best  and  most  worthy  public  institutions,  was  numbered  Eli  Harrison,  whose 
death  in  1907  deprived  this  province  of  one  of  the  earliest  and  greatest  of  its 
pioneers.  Throughout  the  years  of  an  honorable  and  upright  manhood  he  firmly 
intrenched  himself  in  the  regard  and  esteem  of  his  fellowmen  and  in  the  city 
where  he  had  so  long  resided  he  made  his  name  honored  and  respected  wherever 
it  was  known. 

Eli  Harrison  was  born  in  Hurdsfield,  Cheshire,  England,  in  1822,  and  spent 
his  childhood  and  early  manhood  in  his  native  country.  He  there  married  on 
the  2d  of  November,  1847,  and  three  years  later  brought  his  young  wife  to 
America,  arriving  in  this  country  in  1850.  In  1852,  attracted  by  the  remarkable 
reports  from  the  gold  fields  of  California,  they  set  out  across  the  plains,  traveling 
with  their  own  horses,  cattle  and  wagons.  Along  the  trail  they  sometimes  met 
other  caravans,  but  the  Indians  were  the  more  numerous  visitors  to  their  camps, 


ELI  HARRISON 


MRS.  ELI  HARRISON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  583 

the  stories  of  their  actions  being  still  traditions  in  the  Harrison  family.  The 
party  crossed  from  the  Mississippi  river  over  the  plains  and  the  Sierra  Nevada 
mountains  into  California  and  was  present  at  the  storming  of  Fort  Bridger.  They 
arrived  in  San  Francisco  on  the  4th  of  July,  1853,  during  the  stirring  days  of 
the  vigilantes,  and  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harrison  were  residents  of  the  city  at  the 
time  of  the  celebration  by  the  English  and  French  residents,  who  with  their 
wives  and  children  honored  the  victory  of  the  allied  forces  in  the  Crimea.  They 
were  attacked  by  the  mob  which  formed  in  the  streets  of  San  Francisco  and  with 
difficulty  fought  it  off  and  dispersed  it.  Gold  was  at  that  time  so  plentiful  and 
food  so  scarce  that  cabbages,  eggs,  apples  and  pears  sold  for  five  dollars  each  and 
were  paid  for  in  solid  gold  nuggets.  Mr.  Harrison  remained  in  San  Francisco  until 
1858  and  then  came  by  water  to  Victoria,  arriving  here  on  the  i8th  of  June 
of  that  year  in  company  with  thirty-five  thousand  other  pioneers.  The  Harrisons 
pitched  their  tent  under  the  great  fir  trees,  gathered  ferns  to  make  a  bed  and  in 
these  quarters  lived  while  waiting  for  a  chance  to  purchase  enough  lumber  to  build 
a  home.  The  price  of  lumber  at  that  time  was  eighty  dollars  a  thousand  feet, 
spring  water  was  ten  cents  a  bucket,  bread  fifty  cents  a  loaf  and  meat  fifty  cents 
a  pound,  and  all  provisions  had  to  be  purchased  from  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company, 
whose  store  was  built  of  heavy  logs  as  a  protection  against  Indian  depredations. 
What  few  buildings  were  already  erected  were  all  of  logs  and  yet  the  appearance  of 
the  city  was  indescribably  picturesque  and  lovely,  Government  street  being 
one  beautiful  mass  of  wild  roses  in  full  bloom.  Mr.  Harrison  remained  a 
resident  of  the  city  from  1858  until  his  death  and  during  all  of  that  period  he 
commanded  and  held  the  respect  and  confidence  of  all  who  knew  him.  No 
project  for  the  betterment  of  the  community,  no  measure  for  the  promotion  of 
its  material,  educational,  moral  or  civic  upbuilding  lacked  his  ready  cooperation 
and  hearty  support  and  his  name  came  to  be  regarded  as  a  synonym  for  integrity 
in  business,  for  honesty,  uprightness  and  personal  probity  and  for  high  ideals  of 
public  service.  He  was  naturally  carried  forward  into  important  relations  with 
community  life  and  his  prominence  may  be  judged  from  the  fact  that  he  was 
chosen  as  a  member  of  a  deputation  of  citizens  of  Victoria  to  interview  Lord 
Dufferin,  then  governor  general  of  Canada,  as  to  the  nonfulfillment  of  the 
terms  of  union.  He  was  also  for  several  years  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  the  city. 

Mr.  Harrison  was  a  prominent  Mason,  being  grand  master  for  the  province 
from  1878  down  to  and  including  part  of  1881.  He  was  the  first  principal  of 
Columbia  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  No.  120,  and  was  for  some  time  special  deputy 
for  the  Ancient  and  Accepted  Scottish  Rite  Masons.  He  was  besides  an  honor- 
ary member  of  several  Masonic  bodies  and  exemplified  in  his  life  the  benevolent 
principles  upon  which  the  order  is  founded,  doing  a  great  deal  to  promote  the 
organization  in  this  part  of  Canada. 

On  the  2d  of  November,  1847,  Mr.  Harrison  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Elizabeth  Warburton,  who  was  born  in  Bickerton,  Cheshire,  England,  a  daughter 
of  Thomas  and  Jane  (James)  Warburton,  the  latter  a  daughter  of  Captain  James, 
a  prominent  contractor  of  Westmoreland  House,  Liverpool,  England,  who  was 
also  the  captain  of  a  merchant  vessel.  By  their  union  were  born  eleven  children, 
seven  of  whom  are  still  living:  Eli,  who  resides  in  Victoria;  Augusta,  now  Mrs. 
D.  McPhaden,  of  New  Westminster;  Agnes,  who  married  Job  Batchelor,  of 
Honolulu;  Alfred,  of  New  Westminster;  Elizabeth,  who  married  Dr.  Gillihan, 
of  Berkeley,  California;  Alice,  now  Mrs.  Woolaston,  of  Victoria,  and  Mae,  who 
married  Dr.  Verrinder,  also  of  Victoria.  Mr.  Harrison's  widow  survives  him 
and  now  makes  her  home  in  New  Westminster,  where  she  is  well  known  and 
widely  beloved.  She  takes  a  great  interest  in  the  growth  of  the  city  and  is  espe- 
cially pleased  with  its  awakening  spirit,  evidenced  in  the  recent  growth  of  its 
business  and  public  institutions,  and  in  the  preparations  which  are  being  made 
to  celebrate  the  opening  of  the  Panama  canal  in  1915. 

Eli  Harrison  died  at  St.  Joseph's  Hospital,  Victoria,  in  September,  1907, 
after  a  brief  illness.  In  his  passing  the  city  lost  a  man  whose  life  had  been  great 
in  its  simplicity,  high  in  its  ideals,  straightforward  and  honorable  in  its  purposes 

vol.  in— 20 


584  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

and  beneficial  in  its  results.  His  name  swells  the  roll  of  the  city's  honored 
dead  and  of  the  men  who  build  for  all  time,  whose  interests  are  of  such  a  prac- 
tical and  essential  nature  that  their  successors  must  follow  closely  in  their 
footsteps  or  lag  behind  in  the  march  of  progress  and  civilization.  The  record 
of  his  well  spent  and  useful  life  is  one  to  which  his  descendants  should  revert 
with  pride,  conscious  of  the  knowledge  that  he  is  entitled  to  a  conspicuous  place 
in  the  historical  literature  of  the  province  of  British  Columbia,  in  whose  early 
development  he  took  so  active  and  important  a  part. 


WILLIAM  JOHNSON. 

William  Johnson,  who  died  in  Vancouver  in  1901,  was  for  over  twenty-five 
years  connected  with  river  and  deep  water  navigation  in  and  around  British  Co- 
lumbia, and  his  work  was  an  important  element  in  the  development  of  water  traffic 
in  this  part  of  the  country.  He  was  born  in  1857,  in  Sweden,  and  in  1872  began 
sailing  out  of  the  ports  of  his  native  country,  continuing  on  the  deep  water  until 
1876,  when  on  the  bark  Antioch  he  arrived  at  Burrard  Inlet,  British  Columbia. 
There  he  secured  employment  on  the  tug  Etta  White  and  remained  for  nearly 
four  years,  resigning  at  the  end  of  that  time  to  go  to  the  Columbia  river,  where 
he  worked  as  quartermaster  on  different  steamers,  subsequently  joining  the  tug 
Pilot  at  Victoria.  He  served  as  mate  on  that  vessel  for  three  years  thereafter 
and  was  then  appointed  master  of  the  tug  Bell,  leaving  the  latter  boat  in  order 
to  take  command  of  the  Active  in  the  same  service.  He  became  well  known 
as  a  careful  and  thoroughly  able  navigator  and  four  years  later  received  his  ap- 
pointment as  pilot  of  deep  water  vessels  plying  in  the  Nanaimo  district,  a  position 
in  which  he  did  capable  and  effective  work  until  his  death,  which  occurred  on  the 
1st  of  March,  1901. 

Mr.  Johnson  married,  on  the  25th  of  December,  1884,  Miss  Janet  Linn,  a 
daughter  of  John  and  Mary  Linn,  the  former  one  of  the  staff  of  the  Royal  Engi- 
neers who  came  to  British  Columbia  in  pioneer  days.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Johnson 
became  the  parents  of  five  children,  James,  Malcom,  Clarence,  Frederick  and 
Alice.  The  family  reside  at  909  Howe  street  and  are  devout  members  of  the 
Presbyterian  church.  Mr.  Johnson  was  connected  with  the  Masonic  fraternity 
and  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  was  well  and  favorably  known 
in  the  affairs  of  both  organizations.  Although  over  a  decade  has  elapsed  since 
he  passed  away,  he  had  during  the  period  of  residence  in  British  Columbia  so 
firmly  entrenched  himself  in  the  regard  and  esteem  of  all  who  knew  him  that  there 
are  many  who  yet  cherish  his  memory  as  that  of  an  upright,  honorable  and  worthy 
man,  a  progressive  and  public-spirited  citizen. 


A.  L.  LAZENBY. 

A.  L.  Lazenby,  who  for  some  years  has  been  capably  discharging  the  duties 
of  postmaster  at  Port  Hammond,  is  a  native  of  England.  He  was  born  in  the 
year  1867  and  is  a  son  of  George  and  Eliza  Lazenby.  The  mother  has  passed 
away  but  the  father  is  still  living. 

The  youthful  years  of  A.  L.  Lazenby  were  passed  in  the  land  of  his  birth, 
where  he  received  such  advantages  as  fall  to  the  average  lad  who  is  reared  in 
a  home  of  moderate  circumstances.  His  education  was  pursued  in  the  schools 
of  Margate,  Kent  county,  until  he  had  attained  the  age  of  sixteen  years.  He 
then  began  his  business  career  as  an  employe  of  a  colliery,  being  identified  with 
this  enterprise  until  1885.  Having  decided  that  Canada  offered  better  opportuni- 
ties to  enterprising  young  men  he  emigrated  in  the  latter  year  to  Montreal,  where 
for  four  years  he  was  employed  in  connection  with  various  cotton  mills.  He 


A.  L.  LAZEXBY 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  587 

subsequently  went  back  to  England  on  a  visit,  and  upon  his  return  came  direct 
to  British  Columbia,  and  has  ever  since  been  a  resident  of  this  province.  He  first 
located  in  Langley,  but  after  two  months'  residence  there  came  to  Port  Ham- 
mond and  embarked  in  the  general  mercantile  business.  The  development  of  this 
enterprise  successfully  engaged  his  energies  for  seven  and  a  half  years,  at  the 
expiration  of  which  time  he  withdrew  from  commercial  activities  to  enter  upon 
the  duties  of  his  present  post.  He  has  capably  met  the  responsibilities  of  his 
office  and  has  discharged  his  duties  in  a  manner  highly  satisfactory  to  the  com- 
munity at  large  as  is  evidenced  by  the  length  of  his  incumbency. 

At  Vancouver  on  the  7th  of  August,  1901,  Mr.  Lazenby  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Agnes  Trembath,  a  daughter,  of  John  and  Emily  Trembath, 
and  to  them  were  born  four  children:  Frederic;  Margaret,  deceased;  Mary; 
and  Agnes. 

In  religious  faith  the  family  are  Episcopalians,  Mr.  Lazenby  having  been 
identified  with  the  local  church  of  that  denomination  for  twenty-two  years. 
Fraternally  he  is  affiliated  with  the  Masonic  order.  In  matters  of  citizenship 
he  is  enterprising  and  public-spirited,  and  formerly  took  an  active  interest  in 
local  politics.  He  was  several  times  called  to  public  office  before  assuming  his 
present  position,  having  served  as  clerk  and  collector  as  well  as  justice  of  the 
peace  and  is  also  a  notary  public.  During  the  long  period  of  his  residence  here 
Mr.  Lazenby  has  manifested  those  qualities  which  entitle  him  to  the  respect  and 
confidence  of  his  fellow  townsmen,  and  he  is  held  in  favorable  regard  through- 
out the  community. 


PETER  WALLACE. 

Throughout  the  greater  part  of  his  life  Peter  Wallace  has  been  identified  with 
the  fishing  industry  and  is  now  manager  for  the  Wallace  Fisheries  Company, 
Ltd.,  of  Vancouver.  He  was  born  in  Buteshire,  Scotland,  November  2,  1855, 
his  parents  being  Thomas  and  Jessie  Wallace.  While  spending  his  youthful  days 
under  the  parental  roof  he  pursued  a  public-school  education  and  later  turned 
his  attention  to  the  fishing  industry  in  Scotland,  gaining  broad  experience  and 
practical  knowledge  along  that  line  ere  coming  to  America.  He  arrived  in  British 
Columbia  in  1892  and  established  a  fisheries  business,  remaining  for  a  number  of 
years  in  partnership  with  his  brother  John  under  .the  firm  style  of  Wallace 
Brothers.  At  length  they  sold  to  the  present  company,  Peter  Wallace,  however, 
agreeing  to  remain  for  a  certain  length  of  time  and  act  as  manager  for  the  com- 
pany. He  still  retains  some  financial  interest  in  the  business  but  his  chief  invest- 
ments are  in  real  estate. 

In  Gait,  Ontario,  Mr.  Wallace  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Charlotte  Haney, 
a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  Haney,  both  deceased,  and  they  have  become 
the  parents  of  six  children.  Mr.  Wallace  holds  membership  in  the  Terminal 
City  Club  and  his  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian  church.  His  has  been 
a  well  spent  life,  honorable  and  upright  in  all  of  its  activities.  He  is  modest  in 
demeanor  and  yet  his  fellow  townsman  recognize  his  worth  and  entertain  for  him 
high  regard. 


HERBERT  RYALL. 

The  enterprising  city  of  New  Westminster  finds  a  worthy  representative 
of  its  commercial  interests  in  Herbert  Ryall,  a  druggist  whose  well  appointed 
store  is  one  of  the  leading  establishments  in  this  line  in  the  city.  Mr.  Ryall  was 
born  in  Paris,  Ontario,  on  the  gth  of  July,  1867,  his  parents  being  Thomas  and 
Sarah  (Bass)  Ryall,  the  former  a  native  of  Tipperary,  Ireland,  and  the  latter  of 


588  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

Warwickshire,  England.  In  early  life  they  accompanied  their  respective  parents 
to  Ontario,  Canada,  where  they  were  married.  The  father  took  part  in  the  rebel- 
lion of  1837,  as  a  member  of  the  Simcoe  County  Regiment.  He  was  one  of  the 
first  traveling  men  in  the  Dominion,  making  trips  on  horseback  throughout  Canada 
in  the  interests  of  a  Church  of  England  newspaper.  He  was  associated  with 
Bishop  Strachan  and  Judge  Haliburton,  the  editor  of  Sam  Slick,  the  Clock 
Maker.  As  he  traveled  hither  and  thither  he  became  widely  known  and  wherever 
he  went  gained  warm  friends.  He  lived  to  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-four  years. 

Herbert  Ryall  was  reared  at  home  and  secured  his  education  in  the  public 
schools  and  in  the  high  school  of  Paris.  Throughout  his  business  career  he  has 
been  connected  with  the  drug  trade.  When  his  text-books  were  laid  aside  he 
entered  the  drug  store  of  G.  L.  Scott,  of  Paris,  being  then  a  youth  of  about 
fourteen  years.  He  served  a  four  years'  apprenticeship  during  which  time  he 
gained  comprehensive  and  accurate  knowledge  of  the  business  and  in  1885  he 
went  west  to  Manitoba,  spending  four  years  in  different  parts  of  the  province. 
He  worked  in  four  different  towns,  in  one  year  opening  two  stores.  In  1889  he 
arrived  in  New  Westminster  where  he  entered  the  employ  of  D.  S.  Curtis,  with 
whom  he  continued  for  about  four  years.  On  leaving  that  employ  he  was  mana- 
ger of  a  drug  store  for  four  years,  at  the  end  of  which  time  the  fire  occurred 
and  the  store  was  destroyed.  This  was  in  1898.  Soon  afterward  Mr.  Ryall 
established  himself  in  business  at  his  present  location  and  has  since  been  promi- 
nently identified  with  the  drug  trade.  In  the  intervening  period  of  fifteen  years 
his  patronage  has  steadily  increased  and  he  now  has  one  of  the  large  and  well 
appointed  stores  of  New  Westminster,  carrying  an  exclusive  and  carefully  selected 
line  of  drugs  and  druggists'  sundries.  His  business  methods,  too,  commend  him 
to  the  confidence  and  support  of  all,  for  he  is  ever  found  reliable,  energetic  and 
persevering. 

In  1905  Mr.  Ryall  was  married  to  Miss  Nettie  Anderson  of  St.  Thomas. 
Ontario,  and  to  them  were  born  three  children,  of  whom  one  son,  Thomas,  is  living. 
The  parents  are  members  of  the  Church  of  England.  In  politics  Mr.  Ryall  is 
a  liberal  but  the  honors  and  emoluments  of  office  have  little  attraction  for  him. 
He  is  active  in  athletic  sports  and  has  been  a  promoter  of  the  lacrosse  team  of 
New  Westminster  of  which  for  years  he  remained  one  of  the  active  players.  He 
was  with  the  team  in  1900  when  they  toured  the  east,  playing  all  the  eastern 
teams  and  returning  undefeated.  At  the  present  time  he  is  treasurer  of  the  team 
and  prior  to  accepting  this  office  was  for  many  years  its  secretary.  He  is  also 
president  of  the  city  football  team,  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  British 
Columbia  Baseball  League  and  is  the  present  manager  of  the  city  team.  He 
recognizes  the  fact  that  the  next  most  important  thing  to  working  well  is  to 
play  well,  that  recreation  maintains  that  even  balance  of  things  which  keeps  the 
individual  at  his  best.  It  may  well  be  said  of  him  that  he  is  never  too  busy  to 
be  cordial  nor  too  cordial  to  be  busy. 


JOHN  HENRY  MAcDERMOT,  M.  D. 

Dr.  John  Henry  MacDermot,  physician  and  surgeon  of  Vancouver,  engaged  in 
general  practice,  has  as  the  basis  of  his  professional  success  wide  and  compre- 
hensive knowledge  of  the  science  of  medicine,  gained  from  study  in  McGill  Uni- 
versity and  from  broad  reading  since  entering  upon  active  practice.  He  is  yet  a 
young  man  but  has  gained  success  and  a  reputation  that  many  an  older  physician 
might  well  envy.  He  was  born  in  Kingston,  Jamaica,  British  West  Indies,  No- 
vember 23,  1883,  his  parents  being  the  Rev.  H.  M.  F.  and  Mary  MacDermot. 
The  father  was  from  Ireland,  a  representative  of  one  of  the  old  families  of  that 
country. 

Having  attended  the  Jamaica  high  school  and  thus  completed  his  more  specific- 
ally literary  education,  John  Henry  MacDermot  afterward  entered  McGill  Uni- 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  589 

versity'at  Montreal  in  the  pursuit  of  a  professional  course  which  in  time  won 
for  him  the  degree  of  M.  D.,  C.  M.,  upon  his  graduation  with  the  class  of  1905. 
He  then  put  his  theoretical  training  to  the  practical  test  and  broadened  his  knowl- 
edge in  a  year's  experience  in  the  Montreal  General  Hospital.  In  the  fall  of  1906, 
well  equipped  for  the  onerous  and  responsible  duties  of  medical  and  surgical 
practice,  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  for  two  years  followed  his  profession 
at  Brittania  Mines  and  at  Van  Anda,  British  Columbia.  In  January,  1909,  he 
came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  opened  an  office  and  has  since  engaged  in  general 
practice.  His  knowledge  and  ability  are  attested  in  the  success  which  has  attended 
his  efforts.  Moreover,  he  is  very  careful  in  the  diagnosis  of  his  cases  and  his 
judgment  concerning  the  outcome  of  disease  is  seldom  at  fault.  That  he  enjoys 
the  high  regard  of  his  professional  brethren  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  has 
been  elected  secretary  of  the  Vancouver  Medical  Association,  which  position  he 
is  now  filling. 

On  the  2d  of  February,  1909,  at  Vancouver,  Dr.  MacDermot  was  married  to 
Miss  Eve  Elvina  Swift,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Elizabeth  (Sturrock)  Swift. 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  MacDermot  have  two  daughters,  Kathleen  and  Betty  Margery. 
In  politics  Dr.  MacDermot  is  a  conservative  and  in  religious  faith  an  Anglican. 
He  concentrates  his  efforts  upon  his  professional  duties,  which  he  discharges  with  a 
sense  of  conscientious  obligation  that  has  been  one  of  the  factors  in  his  grow- 
ing success. 


HENRY  J.  ANSTIE. 

Among  the  men  closely  allied  with  the  growing  industries  of  Vancouver  is 
Henry  J.  Anstie,  manufacturing  jeweler.  Born  in  Nairn,  Middlesex  county, 
Ontario,  on  the  24th  of  July,  1859,  he  is  a  son  of  Paul  and  Mary  (Cox)  Anstie, 
both  natives  of  Wiltshire,  England,  where  they  were  married.  They  came  to 
Canada  in  the  early  '505,  settling  in  London,  Ontario,  where  the  father  was  for 
a  time  in  the  government  employ,  subsequently  continuing  in  that  connection  for 
five  years  at  Nairn.  He  then  went  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  being  connected  with 
the  war  department  of  the  United  States  government,  and  died  in  that  service 
in  1866,  at  the  age  of  but  thirty-eight  years.  His  wife  passed  away  in  1908  in 
Toronto,  where  she  had  made  her  home  for  many  years.  The  Anstie  family  is 
one  of  the  old  established  and  most  prominent  families  of  Wiltshire.  A  cousin 
of  our  subject,  Dr.  Francis  Anstie,  was  a  celebrated  surgeon  of  England,  being 
widely  noted  for  his  successful  operations. 

Henry  J.  Anstie  received  his  education  in  the  public  and  normal  schools  at 
Nairn  and  London,  Ontario,  and  at  the  age  of  fourteen  was  apprenticed  to  a 
jeweler  in  London,  for  whom  he  worked  for  over  four  years.  He  then  removed 
to  Newark,  New  Jersey,  where  he  completed,  his  apprenticeship  with  a  New  York 
firm.  Going  to  Toronto  he  worked  at  his  trade  for  three  years  and  then,  in  1882, 
moved  westward  to  Winnipeg.  After  remaining  for  a  short  time  in  the  employ  of 
others  he  soon  engaged  independently  and  continued  there  until  the  great  financial 
depression  which  occurred  in  1889,  when  he  closed  out.  In  the  fall  of  that  year  he 
came  to  Vancouver  and  entered  the  employ  of  Davidson  Brothers,  with  whom  he 
continued  for  fourteen  years.  Having  saved  his  earnings  and  accumulated  the 
necessary  means,  he  embarked  in  1904  in  the  manufacturing  jeweler's  business 
on  his  own  account  and  has  since  continued  in  that  line  in  this  city  with  ever 
increasing  success.  He  has  his  office  and  shop  in  the  Arts  and  Crafts  building  on 
Seymour  street  and  does  all  classes  of  manufacturing  work,  including  setting 
of  stones  and  engraving.  Thorough  familiarity  with  his  trade  and  his  business 
ability  have  made  his  enterprise  one  of  the  foremost  of  its  kind  in  the  city. 

In  May,  1881,  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  Mr.  Anstie  married  Miss  Kathleen  Walsh, 
a  native  of  Ontario,  and  they  became  the  parents  of  six  children:  William,  of 
Calgary,  Alberta;  Jennie  K.,  a  teacher,  living  at  home  with  her  parents;  Harry 


590  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

K.,  of  Victoria ;  Frances  M.,  residing  at  home ;  Elizabeth,  a  teacher,  at*  home ; 
and  Charles  E.,  a  traveling  salesman  making  his  headquarters  in  Vancouver. 

Mr.  Anstie  is  independent  in  provincial  and  Dominion  politics,  reserving  his 
own  judgment  in  supporting  candidates.  He  is  a  member  of  Cascade  lodge, 
A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  Rathbone  Lodge,  No.  7,  K.  P.,  and  is  past  supreme  repre- 
sentative of  the  supreme  lodge  of  the  latter  order.  He  represented  British 
Columbia  in  that  lodge  from  1896  until  1902.  His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the 
Church  of  England.  Public-spirited  and  progressive,  his  citizenship  has  not  only 
been  productive  of  individual  results  but  has  been  a  serviceable  factor  in  the 
community  life  of  Vancouver,  to  the  growth  of  which  citv  he  has  contributed  by 
his  business  efforts  and  in  the  upbuilding  of  which,  along  material  as  well  as 
intellectual  lines,  he  is  deeply  concerned. 


WALTER  SOUTHEY  WHITESIDE. 

Walter  Southey  Whiteside  has  been  actively  engaged  in  the  real-estate  busi- 
ness at  Vancouver  for  the  past  four  years  and  has  won  well  merited  success  in 
that  field  of  endeavor.  His  birth  occurred  in  India  on  the  nth  of  June,  1863, 
his  parents  being  William  Southey  and  Marie  (Barlow)  Whiteside,  who  were 
born,  reared  and  married  in  England.  The  father  was  connected  with  the  civil 
service  in  India  for  a  period  of  thirty  years  and  at  the  time  of  his  retirement  was 
vice-regal  consul  and  the  second  member  of  the  board  of  revenue.  Returning 
to  his  native  land,  his  demise  occurred  at  Ramsey  on  the  Isle  of  Man.  His 
widow  now  makes  her  home  in  Cornwall,  England. 

Walter  S.  Whiteside  obtained  his  education  in  Elizabeth  College  on  Guern- 
sey island  and  when  a  youth  of  eighteen  years  came  to  Canada,  settling  near 
Niagara,  in  Lincoln  county,  Ontario.  He  there  followed  farming  for  six  years 
and  on  the  expiration  of  that  period  came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia, 
arriving  here  on  the  6th  of  June,  1887.  Taking  up  a  homestead  in  the  Surrey 
district  of  New  Westminster  county,  he  cultivated  it  for  seven  years  and  then 
purchased  a  farm  at  Sunbury,  on  the  Fraser  river,  where  he  carried  on  general 
agricultural  pursuits  for  a  period  of  fifteen  years.  In  1909  he  disposed  of  his 
farming  land  and  removed  to  Vancouver,  embarking  in  the  real-estate  business 
with  offices  at  No.  1606  Commercial  Drive,  where  he  has  remained  to  the  present 
time.  He  deals  principally  in  properties  at  Surrey,  Delta  and  Langley,  British 
Columbia,  is  agent  for  much  property  in  Grand  View  and  also  does  a  rental, 
loan  and  insurance  business.  Success  has  attended  his  efforts  in  these  con- 
nections and  he  enjoys  an  enviable  reputation  as  one  of  the  prosperous  repre- 
sentatives of  real-estate  and  kindred  interests  in  the  province. 

At  St.  Catharines,  Ontario,  in  1884,  Mr.  Whiteside  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Armanda  Everett,  of  Beamsville,  Ontario.  They  have  one  son,  Arthur, 
who  is  associated  in  business  with  his  father.  Mr.  Whiteside  gives  his  political 
allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  his  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Church 
of  England.  Possessing  a  most  genial  manner,  cordial  spirit  and  kindly  dis- 
position, his  unfailing  courtesy  and  ready  adaptability  have  made  him  popular 
wherever  he  is  known. 


RICHARD  G.  MOUNCE. 

Richard  G.  Mounce  is  engaged  in  diversified  farming  in  the  vicinity  of 
Coquitlam,  where  he  owns  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  land  which  he  is  culti- 
vating with  good  success.  He  was  born  in  Nova  Scotia  on  the  3ist  of  October, 
1856,  and  is  a  son  of  William  and  Anna  (Scott)  Mounce,  both  of  whom  are 
deceased. 


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BRITISH   COLUMBIA  593 

Richard  G.  Mounce  was  reared  at  home  and  educated  in  the  country  schools 
of  Nova  Scotia,  where  he  made  his  home  until  he  was  twenty-one  years  of  age. 
He  first  adopted  the  vocation  of  a  sailor  and  for  five  years  from  1873  to  1878,  fol- 
lowed the  sea.  In  the  latter  year  he  left  Nova  Scotia  and  took  up  his  residence 
in  Victoria.  Three  months  later  he  removed  to  Nanaimo,  and  followed  the  car- 
penter's trade  for  three  years.  He  next  obtained  employment  with  the  construc- 
tion crew  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Company,  being  assigned  to  the 
division  working  between  Yale  and  Kamloops.  In  1884  he  left  their  service  and 
coming  to  the  Fraser  valley  took  up  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  land,  and 
began  his  career  as  an  agriculturist.  His  undivided  attention  was  given  to  the 
development  of  his  farm  until  1890,  in  which  year  a  terrible  storm  inundated  his 
entire  holding,  damaging  his  property  to  such  an  extent  that  for  the  time  being 
it  was  necessary  for  him  to  follow  some  other  vocation.  He  therefore  went  to 
New  Westminster  and  followed  the  carpenter's  trade  for  two  years.  Later  he 
leased  the  ferry  from  the  city  of  New  Westminster  which  was  operated  across 
the  Fraser  river,  engaging  in  this  until  1895,  when  he  was  lured  to  the  Kootenay 
district  to  prospect  for  gold.  He  there  encountered  varied  and  unusual  experi- 
ences, as  also  on  the  journey  to  and  from  the  mining  district  but  not  meeting 
with  financial  success,  he  subsequently  returned  to  the  Fraser  valley  and  resumed 
farming.  He  at  that  time  owned  four  hundred  and  twenty  acres  but  has  sold 
the  greater  part  of  the  ranch,  having  left  about  ninety  acres.  The  value  of  his 
property  has  been  enhanced  by  the  many  improvements  he  has  made,  including 
the  erection  of  a  comfortable  residence  and  substantial  barns  and  outbuildings. 
Well  organized  methods  diligently  and  systematically  pursued  are  crowning  his 
efforts  with  success,  and  each  year  makes  an  improvement  in  his  circumstances. 

In  Nova  Scotia,  in  February,  1888,  Mr.  Mounce  was  married  to  Miss  Anna 
Mosher,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Maria  Mosher,  and  to  them  have  been  born 
five  sons,  Reginald,  William,  Harry,  James  and  Arthur. 

The  family  attend  the  Methodist  Episcopal  church,  and  fraternally  Mr. 
Mounce  is  affiliated  with  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  and  is  a  charter  member  of 
Royal  Lodge,  New  Westminster.  His  support  in  matters  politic  he  gives  to  the 
conservative  party  and  has  served  for  two  years  as  a  councilman  and  three  on 
the  school  board.  Mr.  Mounce  is  an  enterprising  man  of  commendable  business 
methods,  who  takes  an  active  interest  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  community 
welfare  and  supports  every  public  measure  which  he  feels  will  help  in  promoting 
the  material,  intellectual  and  moral  development  of  the  municipality. 


JAMES  FOX. 

James  Fox,  of  Vancouver,  is  enjoying  a  period  of  well  earned  rest  and  retire- 
ment following  an  active  and  eventful  career  in  western  Canada,  dating  from 
1876.  He  has  to  a  great  extent  witnessed  the  development  of  this  part  of  the 
Dominion  and  has  been  identified  with  its  progress,  his  name  standing  in  Port 
Coquitlam  and  in  the  various  parts  of  British  Columbia  where  he  made  his  home, 
for  high  standards  of  integrity  and  for  upright  dealing.  He  was  born  in  Scotland 
at  Joy,  Roxburghshire,  on  the  6th  of  June,  1848,  a  son  of  William  and  Jane 
Fox,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away. 

James  Fox  acquired  his  education  in  the  parish  school  of  Yetholm  and  after 
completing  it  went  to  work  as  an  assistant  to  his  father,  who  was  a  shipper  on 
an  extensive  scale.  He  continued  thus  until  he  was  twenty-two  years  of  age 
and  then  left  Scotland  and  came  to  Canada,  settling  in  Ontario  in  1870.  From 
there  he  went  to  Gait,  where  he  worked  as  a  dam  laborer,  afterward  securing 
employment  on  a  farm  in  Waterloo  county,  where  he  remained  for  four  years. 
Upon  the  expiration  of  that  time  he  went  to  Bruce  county  and  worked  on  the 
railroad  as  a  section  man  for  a  short  time,  eventually  going  by  way  of  San 
Francisco  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  where  he  arrived  in  May,  1876.  For 


594  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

one  year  thereafter  he  worked  as  a  member  of  a  surveying  party  and  then 
returned,  securing  employment  in  Moody's  mill,  in  North  Vancouver.  He  found 
Vancouver  a  mere  frontier  hamlet,  surrounded  by  wilderness  on  all  sides  and 
giving  no  evidence  of  the  future  greatness  which  was  in  store  for  it.  After 
working  at  the  mill  for  a  short  time  Mr.  Fox  went  to  Langley,  where  he  pre- 
empted land,  which,  however,  he  did  not  remain  to  cultivate,  as  he  found  the 
absence  of  any  neighbors  disagreeable.  After  staying  for  one  winter  he  went 
to  Yale  and  worked  at  road  repairing  and  when  he  abandoned  this  line  of  work 
strapped  some  blankets  to  his  back  and  went  on  foot  from  Yale  to  Clinton.  There 
he  farmed  a  ranch  with  Fred  Soues,  later  a  government  agent,  taking  charge  of  the 
latter's  property  for  one  year,  after  which  he  became  connected  with  a  Mr.  Van 
Valkenburg,  a  large  sheep  owner  and  rancher  in  that  vicinity.  From  Clinton 
Mr.  Fox  went  to  New  Westminster,  arriving  in  that  city  at  the  time  of  the  visit 
of  the  Marquis  of  Lome,  and  in  the  fall  of  1882  he  became  connected  with  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railroad,  in  whose  interests  he  worked  until  1885,  when  the 
road  was  finished  to  Port  Moody.  He  then  went  to  Port  Coquitlam  and  was 
numbered  among  the  pioneers  in  that  city,  having  taken  up  his  residence  there 
when  most  of  the  surrounding  land  was  in  possession  of  the  government.  He 
took  up  a  claim  and,  holding  his  property  until  the  great  increase  of  real-estate 
values  in  1911,  sold  it  at  a  large  profit  and  removed  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has 
since  lived  retired. 

Mr.  Fox  is  a  liberal  in  his  political  beliefs  and  during  his  active  life  took 
a  prominent  part  in  politics,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  council  of  Port  Coquitlam 
from  the  time  of  the  incorporation  of  the  city  in  1891  until  1910  and  giving 
his  influence  always  to  measures  of  advancement  and  development.  He  was 
especially  interested  in  school  affairs  and  the  cause  of  education  found  in  him 
an  ardent  champion  during  his  several  years'  service  as  school  trustee.  He 
belongs  to  the  Christian  Scientist  church.  Mr.  Fox  is  a  broad  reader,  a  student 
and  a  thinker,  and  these  literary  tastes  make  his  retired  life  doubly  agreeable 
and  pleasant.  He  is  widely  and  favorably  known  in  Vancouver,  where  his  many 
friends  respect  his  integrity  and  hold  his  many  other  sterling  qualities  of  char- 
acter in  high  regard. 


CUTHBERT  COLEMAN  WORSFOLD. 

Cuthbert  Coleman  Worsfold  is  district  engineer  of  the  Department  of  Public 
Works  of  Canada,  having  been  appointed  to  the  position  on  the  27th  of  May, 
1912.  He  was  well  qualified  by  previous  connection  with  the  office,  and  in 
public  service  he  holds  to  high  standards  of  fidelity  and  loyalty.  He  was  born 
in  Feltham,  Middlesex,  England,  October  30,  1856,  a  son  of  Henry  Samuel  and 
Mary  Ann  (Hay ward)  Worsfold,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Dover,  county 
of  Kent,  England.  The  father  was  surveyor  of  general  customs  in  that  country 
and  spent  his  last  days  in  Dover,  where  he  passed  away  in  1890.  The  mother 
still  survives  and  now  makes  her  home  in  Bristol,  England. 

Cuthbert  C.  Worsfold  was  educated  in  King's  College  School  of  London 
and  in  the  Crystal  Palace  Engineering  School  of  that  city,  following  which  he 
entered  upon  an  apprenticeship  of  three  and  a  half  years  at  the  Thames  Iron 
works  at  Blackwall,  in  Essex  county,  near  London.  In  April,  1888,  he  came 
to  British  Columbia  and  spent  one  year  in  Victoria,  a  part  of  the  time  being 
passed  in  the  employ  of  the  government  in  the  survey  of  the  government  har- 
bor, and  later  he  was  in  the  foundry  of  Spratt  &  Gray.  From  1889  until 
1891  he  was  in  New  Westminster  in  the  employ  of  the  firm  of  Woods  & 
Gamble,  surveyors  and  real-estate  dealers.  In  the  latter  year  he  went  to 
England,  where  he  spent  six  months,  but  early  in  1892  returned  to  New  West- 
minster and  accepted  the  position  of  assistant  engineer  in  the  Department  cf 
Public  Works  of  Canada,  acting  in  that  capacity  until  the  27th  of  May,  1912, 


Cl'THBERT  C.  WORSFOLD 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  597 

when  he  was  appointed  chief  engineer,  in  which  capacity  he  has  since  served, 
making  a  creditable  record  in  this  connection. 

In  1898  Mr.  Worsfold  was  married  to  Miss  Catherine  Charles,  a  daughter  of 
William  Charles  of  Victoria,  who  for  many  years  was  chief  factor  of  the  Hud- 
son's Bay  Company.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Worsfold  have  become  parents  of  one  son, 
Cuthbert  John,  who  is  now  attending  the  public  school.  Mr.  Worsfold  belongs 
to  Fraser  Lodge  No.  3,  A.  O.  U.  W.,  and  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the 
Church  of  England.  He  is  a  true  Canadian  in  spirit  and  interests,  displaying 
the  enterprise  so  characteristic  of  this  section  of  the  country,  and  in  his  posi- 
tion as  district  engineer  in  the  Department  of  Public  Works  he  has  made  an 
excellent  record,  contributing  largely  to  public  improvement  in  the  northwest. 


JAMES  STOTT. 

A  man  of  considerable  engineering  experience,  James  Stott  efficiently  fills 
the  position  of  Dominion  inspector  of  gas  and  electricity  for  the  mainland  of 
British  Columbia,  with  headquarters  at  Vancouver.  As  the  resources  of  the 
province  are  more  and  more  coming  to  be  developed,  his  office  has  assumed 
important  proportions  and  he  has  extensive  interests  under  his  jurisdiction. 

Born  in  the  Orkney  islands,  Scotland,  on  October  23,  1882,  James  Stott  is 
a  son  of  William  and  Catherine  (Flett)  Stott,  who  came  to  Canada  in  1890, 
locating  at  first  at  Sapperton,  British  Columbia,  but  removing  later  to  New  West- 
minster, where  the  father  held  the  responsible  position  of  superintendent  of  the 
waterworks  until  his  retirement  several  years  ago.  The  parents  now  live  retired 
in  New  Westminster. 

James  Stott  received  his  fundamental  education  in  the  schools  of  Orkney 
and  later  attended  in  Sapperton  and  New  Westminster,  graduating  from  the  high 
school  of  the  latter  city.  To  prepare  himself  for  his  profession  he  then  entered 
Queen's  University  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  from  which  he  graduated  in  1908  with 
the  degree  of  B.  Sc.  Well  prepared,  he  then  entered  the  employ  of  the  Dominion 
government  at  Edmonton,  Alberta,  as  inspector  of  electricity,  having  charge  of 
the  districts  of  Alberta  and  Saskatchewan  until  1909,  in  which  year  he  became 
Dominion  inspector  of  gas  and  electricity  for  the  mainland  of  British  Columbia, 
with  headquarters  at  Vancouver.  In  his  position  he  not  only  inspects  large 
plants  but  often  finds  occasion  to  make  valuable  suggestions  and  in  that  way 
has  done  work  toward  developing  the  resources  of  the  province.  Mr.  Stott 
is  an  associate  member  of  the  American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers  and 
often  spends  an  hour  in  social  converse  with  friends  at  the  University  Club  of 
Vancouver,  of  which  he  is  a  popular  member. 


ARTHUR  JAMES  KAPPELE. 

Arthur  James  Kappele,  a  Vancouver  barrister,  who  since  1899  has  practiced 
at  the  bar  of  British  Columbia,  had  his  foundation  for  his  success  in  liberal  edu- 
cational training,  combined  with  strong  intellectual  qualities  inherited  from  an 
honorable  ancestry.  He  was  born  July  25,  1876,  in  Preston,  Ontario,  a  son  of 
the  Rev.  Stephen  and  Elizabeth  Kappele.  The  father  came  from  Germany  to 
Canada,  founding  the  family  in  the  new  world.  The  son  began  his  education 
in  the  public  schools  of  Cayuga,  Ontario,  and  afterward  continued  his  studies  in 
Hamilton  and  Toronto.  He  is  also  an  undergraduate  of  Trinity  University  of 
Toronto  and  after  leaving  that  institution  he  studied  law  in  the  office  and  under 
the  direction  of  the  firm  Laidlaw,  Kappele  &  Bicknell,  of  Toronto,  the  second 
partner  being  his  brother.  He  was  graduated  from  Osgoode  Hall  of  Toronto 
in  1898  and  the  same  year  was  called  to  the  bar  there.  In  1899  he  removed 


598  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

westward  to  Vancouver  and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia,  since  which 
time  he  has  engaged  in  active  practice.  He  is  not  specializing  in  any  particular 
department  of  the  law  but  has  continued  in  general  practice  and  is  well  qualified 
to  handle  cases  of  various  kinds.  In  the  intervening  period  of  fourteen  years  he 
has  constantly  advanced  in  his  profession  and  is  both  a  strong  advocate  and 
able  counselor,  nor  is  he  unknown  in  the  field  of  law  authorship,  being  joint 
author  of  Bicknell  and  Kappele's  Practical  Statutes  of  Ontario,  annotated,  and 
also  a  frequent  contributor  to  legal  journals,  his  writings  being  much  prized. 
Aside  from  his  professional  activities  he  is  well  known  through  his  financial  and 
official  connection  with  various  business  enterprises,  being  now  president  of  the 
Sterling  Securities  Company,  Ltd.,  and  a  director  of  several  other  local  com- 
panies. 

On  the  loth  of  December,  1908,  in  Victoria,  Mr.  Kappele  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Mabel  Wealthy,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Haynes,  representa- 
tives of  an  old  English  family  which  was  early  founded  in  the  United  States. 
Mrs.  Kappele,  however,  was  born  in  British  Columbia  and  by  her  marriage  she 
became  the  mother  of  a  daughter,  Adelaide  Patricia.  Mr.  Kappele  belongs  to 
Cascade  Lodge,  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver,  and  to  the  Independent  Order  of 
Foresters.  Something  more  concerning  the  nature  of  his  interests  and  recreation 
is  indicated  by  the  fact  that  he  also  has  membership  in  the  Terminal  City,  Press 
and  Royal  Yacht  Clubs.  Attractive  social  qualities  make  him  popular  but  he 
never  allows  anything  to  interfere  with  the  faithful  performance  of  his  pro- 
fessional duties  and  his  devotion  to  his  clients'  interests  has  become  proverbial. 


JOHN  B.  CADE. 

During  the  twenty- four  years  that  John  B.  Cade  has  lived  at  Mission  his 
energetic  and  well  directed  labors  have  been  a  powerful  force  in  agricultural 
development  in  this  locality  and  his  work  along  political  lines  a  vital  element  in 
its  growth.  In  either  business  or  political  relations  his  influence  has  been  con- 
structive and  progressive  and  he  holds  today  a  high  place  among  the  men  of 
marked  ability  and  substantial  worth  in  the  community  where  he  has  so  long 
resided. 

Mr.  Cade  was  born  in  Addington  county,  Ontario,  June  9,  1847,  ar>d  is  a  son 
of  Robert  and  Sarah  (Bailey)  Cade,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away.  When  he 
was  five  years  of  age  the  family  moved  to  Middlesex  county,  where  he  acquired 
his  education  in  the  public  schools,  his  advantages  along  this  line,  however,  being 
extremely  limited,  for  he  had  to  lay  aside  his  text-books  at  the  age  of  eight  years 
in  order  to  devote  his  whole  time  to  assisting  his  father  with  the  work  of  the 
farm.  He  continued  in  that  way  until  he  was  seventeen  years  of  age,  becoming 
thoroughly  familiar  with  the  best  agricultural  methods,  and  at  the  end  of  that 
period  moved  into  Michigan,  where  he  spent  two  years  in  the  lumber  woods. 
At  the  time  of  the  outbreak  of  the  Fenian  raid,  however,  he  returned  home  and 
enlisted  for  service,  joining  No.  I  Company,  Twenty-sixth  Battalion.  After  this 
campaign  he  remained  with  the  colors  and  at  the  time  of  the  Northwest  rebel- 
lion again  volunteered  from  Company  I  and  enlisted  with  the  First  Ontario 
Rifles.  During  this  campaign  he  was  for  fifteen  months  in  the  northwest  and 
subsequently  remained  for  another  three  years  with  his  troop.  In  his  private 
capacity  Mr.  Cade  had  learned  all  the  details  of  mill  work,  which  line  he  followed 
for  twenty-two  years,  from  1867  until  1889,  with  the  exception  of  the  time  that 
he  was  in  the  northwest  with  the  army.  He  became  very  proficient  in  his  trade 
and  his  work  always  commanded  high  wages.  Mr.  Cade  remained  in  Ontario 
until  his  removal  to  the  west,  his  arrival  in  Vancouver  taking  place  in  January, 
1889.  On  the  following  i9th  of  July  he  came  to  Mission,  where  he  took  up  a 
homestead  claim,  turning  his  attention  to  farming.  For  several  years  he  also 
operated  a  sawmill,  using  the  timber  that  grew  upon  his  ranch  to  manufacture 


JOHN  B.  CADE 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  601 

it  into  lumber,  which  he  mostly  shipped  and  disposed  of  to  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railway  Company.  He  has  since  continued  in  the  operation  of  his  ranch  and  the 
years  have  brought  him  a  gratifying  measure  of  success,  for  he  has  made  a 
study  of  the  science  of  agriculture  and  has  applied  his  knowledge  practically  in 
the  cultivation  of  his  fields.  He  is  recognized  as  an  able  and  successful  farmer 
and  one  whose  prosperity  is  more  than  an  individual  asset  since  it  has  affected 
the  general  development  of  farming  interests  in  this  part  of  the  province.  Mr. 
Cade  has  long  been  interested  in  the  affairs  of  the  Agricultural  Association,  of 
which  he  is  now  a  director,  and  during  the  three  years  which  he  served  as  pres- 
ident he  accomplished  a  great  deal  of  lasting  and  beneficial  work. 

At  Delaware,  Ontario,  on  the  8th  of  November,  1871,  Mr.  Cade  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Clark,  daughter  of  Joseph  and  Thurzy  (Mines) 
Clark.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cade  became  the  parents  of  eight  children:  George, 
who  married  Maude  Youmans;  Dr.  John,  who  is  practising  in  Prince  Rupert, 
British  Columbia,  and  who  married  Miss  Florence  Bull ;  Joseph,  Gilbert  and 
Charles;  and  Erne,  William  and  Anna,  who  have  passed  away. 

It  is  not  alone  along  agricultural  lines,  however,  that  Mr.  Cade  has  done  splen- 
did work  for  Mission  and  the  vicinity,  for  during  his  quarter  of  a  century  of 
residence  here  he  has  been  one  of  the  greatest  individual  forces  in  local  politics 
and  has  done  much  to  advance  the  interests  of  the  conservative  party  in  this 
locality.  He  helped  found  the  conservative  organization  in  this  district  in  1892 
and  has  always  been  an  active  worker  in  the  party's  ranks  and  a  stalwart  sup- 
porter of  its  principles.  He  was  one  of  Mission's  first  councilmen,  serving  as  a 
member  of  that  body  for  twelve  years,  and  he  was  reeve  in  1893,  and  again  in 
1907  and  1908,  and  1913,  at  all  times  discharging  his  duties  in  a  capable,  far- 
sighted  and  efficient  way.  Fraternally  he  is  a  blue  lodge  Mason  and  a  member 
of  the  Loyal  Order  of  Orange  and  his  religious  views  are  in  accord  with  the 
doctrines  of  the  Church  of  England.  A  man  of  broad  views,  liberal  ideas  and 
effective  public  spirit  he  has  left  the  impress  of  his  work  and  personality  upon 
the  history  of  his  community  and  his  influence  has  been  a  force  for  good  along 
many  lines.  He  has  attained  a  gratifying  degree  of  personal  prosperity  and  his 
success  is  well  deserved  as  it  has  been  well  and  worthily  used  and  rewards  many 
years  of  persistent  and  intelligent  labor. 


JAMES  BAIN  THOMSON. 

James  Bain  Thomson,  managing  director  for  James  Thomson  &  Sons,  Ltd., 
wholesale  dry  goods,  and  therefore  a  well  known  representative  of  commercial 
interests  in  Vancouver,  was  born  at  Bridge-of-Weir,  Renfrewshire,  Scotland, 
August  i,  1876,  a  son  of  James  and  Margaret  Thomson.  In  March,  1890, 
the  father  came  to  the  new  world  and  established  a  dry-goods  business  in  Van- 
couver, which  has  since  become  one  of  the  leading  commercial  undertakings 
of  that  kind  in  the  province. 

His  youthful  days  spent  in  the  land  of  his  nativity,  James  B.  Thomson 
was  a  pupil  in  the  Allen  Glen  School  at  Glasgow,  and  afterward  graduated  from 
the  West  of  Scotland  Technical  School  at  Glasgow, — now  known  as  the  Ander- 
sonian  College, — in  1894.  In  the  meantime  he  had  come  to  the  new  world, 
arriving  in  British  Columbia  in  1890,  but  after  spending  a  year  in  this  province 
he  returned  to  his  native  land  to  complete  his  college  course.  Following  his 
graduation  he  practiced  assaying  and  mining  engineering  in  Rossland,  British 
Columbia,  at  Victoria  and  at  Alberni,  British  Columbia,  for  seven  years,  or  until 
1901,  when  he  joined  his  father  in  the  dry-goods  commission  business,  which 
was  then  conducted  under  the  name  of  James  Thomson  &  Sons,  taking  over 
the  selling  agency  for  Stewart  &  McDonald,  of  Glasgow,  Scotland,  in  the  pro- 
vinces of  British  Columbia,  Alberta,  Saskatchewan,  Yukon  territory  and  the 
western  part  of  the  United  States,  disposing  of  their  goods  to  retailers  over 


602  BRITISH   COLUMBIA  , 

all  that  district.  Subsequently  Stewart  &  McDonald  opened  a  warehouse  in 
Vancouver  under  the  style  of  Stewart  &  McDonald,  Export,  Ltd.  This  business 
was  thus  carried  on  for  several  years,  but  in  1911  a  Canadian  company  was 
formed  under  the  name  of  Stewart,  McDonald  &  Thomson,  Ltd.,  taking  over 
the  business  of  Stewart  &  McDonald,  Export,  Ltd.  On  the  ist  of  June,  1912, 
James  Thomson  &  Sons,  Ltd.,  was  formed,  purchasing  the  interests  of  Stewart, 
McDonald  &  Thomson,  and  following  the  death  of  his  father  on  the  22d  of 
July,  1912,  James  B.  Thomson  became  the  managing  director.  Business  has 
developed  along  healthful  and  substantial  lines  since  its  establishment  and  the 
prosperous  condition  of  the  enterprise  is  due  in  large  measure  to  the  progressive 
efforts  and  practical  business  ability  of  him  whose  name  introduces  this  review. 
He  thoroughly  understands  every  phase  of  the  trade  and  holds  to  the  highest 
standards  in  the  personnel  of  the  house,  in  the  methods  followed  and  in  the 
character  of  the  service  rendered  to  the  public.  The  name  of  Thomson  in  this 
connection  has  become  a  synonym  for  honorable,  straightforward  dealing  and 
a  progressive  business  policy. 

On  the  7th  of  April,  1898,  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  Mr.  Thomson  was  married 
to  Marion  Lang,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Jessie  Murdoch,  the  former  a  justice 
of  the  peace  and  the  oldest  lithographer  in  Glasgow,  Scotland.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Thomson  have  a  daughter  and  a  son,  Jessie  Margaret  and  James.  In  his  poli- 
tical views  Mr.  Thomson  is  a  conservative  but  without  political  aspirations  for 
office.  He  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  Board  of  Trade  and  is  in  hearty  sympathy 
with  its  efforts  to  promote  the  growth  and  upbuilding  of  the  city.  Religiously 
he  is  a  Presbyterian.  His  interests  and  activities  in  life  have  been  broad  and 
varied,  and  he  stands  at  all  times  for  improvement  and  development.  The 
wholesale  dry-goods  establishment  of  James  Thomson  &  Sons,  Ltd.,  is  today 
one  of  the  leading  business  concerns  of  the  city  and  J.  B.  Thomson  as  managing 
director  is  continually  furthering  its  interests  through  his  initiative  spirit  and 
well  formulated  plans. 


JAMES  LOFTUS  McINNES. 

James  Loftus  Mclnnes,  now  living  in  retirement  in  New  Westminster,  is 
numbered  among  the  most  highly  respected  and  esteemed  citizens  of  the  com- 
munity, and  his  present  rest  rewards  many  years  of  well  directed  and  honorable 
labor.  He  was  born  at  Lake  Ainslie,  Nova  Scotia,  June  15,  1856,  and  is  a  son 
of  Edward  and  Margaret  Mclnnes.  Previous  to  his  marriage  the  father  taught 
school  but  the  greater  part  of  his  life  was  spent  in  farming. 

James  L.  Mclnnes  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
community  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  began  his  business  career  as  clerk 
in  a  store.  He  afterward  worked  on  a  farm  for  a  time  and  on  the  I9th  of  May, 
1890,  arrived  in  British  Columbia,  where  he  has  since  made  his  home.  Soon 
after  his  arrival  in  New  Westminster  he  was  appointed  to  the  police  force  and 
he  did  efficient,  conscientious  and  capable  work  as  an  officer  in  this  city  and  in 
Vancouver  Island  for  twenty  years.  He  became  widely  known  as  a  man  of  up- 
right character  and  high  ideals  of  public  morality,  and  he  was  at  length  made 
jailer  at  the  city  police  station,  serving  ably  for  eight  years.  His  industry,  enter- 
prise and  well  directed  efforts  eventually  brought  their  own  reward  and  having 
amassed  a  comfortable  competence,  he  finally  retired  from  active  life,  making 
his  home  at  No.  527  Carnarvon  street.  His  is  a  familiar  figure  on  the  streets 
of  New  Westminster,  where  he  has  so  long  resided,  and  his  name  is  honored  and 
respected  wherever  it  is  known. 

Mr.  Mclnnes  married,  on  February  15,  1883,  Miss  Mary  A.  McLean,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Norman  and  Anna  McLean,  the  former  a  prosperous  farmer  of  Lake 
Ainslie.  Mr.  Mclnnes  is  known  in  this  city  as  a  man  of  high  character  and 
his  position  in  the  public  regard  is  an  enviable  one.  He  has,  during  the  twenty- 


JAMES  L.  McINNES 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  605 

three  years  of  his  residence  here,  left  the  impress  of  his  individuality  upon  the 
history  of  the  city,  for  he  has  always  been  a  cooperant  factor  in  measures  and 
movements  for  the  general  good. 


ALVAH  L.  HAGER. 

Alvah  L.  Hager  is  vice  president  and  manager  of  the  New  England  Fish 
Company  and  is  one  of  the  prominent  representatives  of  the  fish  industry  upon 
the  coast,  his  business  along  that  line  being  extensive  and  important.  He  is 
identified  with  a  number  of  companies  so  engaged  and  his  experience,  knowl- 
edge and  enterprise  make  his  judgment  concerning  such  matters  sound  and 
reliable.  He  was  born  November  19,  1877,  at  Oelwein,  Iowa,  his  parents  being 
Alphonso  William  and  Mary  T.  Hager,  who  were  Iowa  pioneers.  The  son 
pursued  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Chicago  and  in  the  Northwestern 
University  at  Evanston,  Illinois.  He  has  been  continuously  identified  with  the 
fish  business  since  1900,  in  which  year  he  entered  the  field  at  Boston,  organizing 
and  managing  the  Northwestern  Fisheries  Company.  He  remained  in  Boston 
until  1908,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  opened  a  branch  of  the  North- 
western Fisheries  Company  and  is  still  western  manager  at  Vancouver  for 
this  concern,  which  has  its  headquarters  in  Boston.  In  active  control  of  this 
work,  he  has  developed  the  business,  which  is  now  of  a  substantial  and  gratify- 
ing character.  Seeing  opportunities  for  further  investment  and  activity  along 
similar  lines,  he  has  become  Vice  president  and  managing  director  of  the  New 
England  Fish  Company  of  Vancouver;  is  secretary  of  the  Doty  Fish  Company 
of  Kalama,  Washington ;  and  is  president  and  treasurer  of  the  Canadian  Fish- 
ing Company,  Limited,  of  Vancouver.  He  is  likewise  a  member  of  the  Vancouver 
Board  of  Trade. 

On  the  3d  of  September,  1901,  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  Mr.  Hager 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Hilda  Synnestvedt,  representative  of  a  large 
family  of  Chicago,  some  of  whom  are  very  prominent.  The  children  of  this 
marriage  are  Hilda  Dorothy,  Julia  Marjory,  Alvah  Robert,  Virginia  Bessie, 
Roger  Thomas  and  Norman  Phillips.  Mr.  Hager  belongs  to  the  various  Masonic 
bodies  and  has  also  crossed  the  sands  of  the  desert  with  the  Nobles  of  the 
Mystic  Shrine,  thus  having  attained  high  rank  in  Masonry,  which  finds  in  him  a 
worthy  exemplar.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Terminal  City,  Vancouver  Athletic, 
Press  and  American  Clubs,  and  his  social  qualities  and  genial  manner  render 
him  very  popular  in  these  different  organizations.  He  possesses  the  typical 
spirit  of  American  enterprise  and  has  steadily  worked  his  way  upward,  brooking 
no  obstacles  that  can  be  overcome  by  persistent,  energetic  effort  and  thus  grad- 
ually advancing  toward  the  goal  of  success. 


GEORGE  M.  ENDACOTT. 

George  M.  Endacott  is  senior  partner  of  the  real-estate  firm  of  Endacott  & 
Percival,  of  Vancouver,  and  in  this  connection  is  operating  largely  in  the  field 
to  which  he  has  directed  his  labors,  being  thoroughly  conversant  with  property 
values  and  endeavoring  through  his  business  activities  to  promote  the  substan- 
tial growth  and  adornment  of  the  city  as  well  as  advance  his  legitimate  business 
success.  A  young  man,  he  has  already  attained  a  position  in  business  circles 
that  many  an  older  one  might  well  envy.  He  was  born  in  Brampton,  Ontario, 
October  22,  1882,  his  parents  being  Henry  and  Ann  Endacott,  the  latter  a  daugh- 
ter of  William  Marshall,  who  was  the  founder  of  the  town  of  Brampton.  In  the 
public  and  high  schools  of  Orangeville,  Ontario,  the  son  pursued  his  education 
until  qualified  to  enter  the  Chicago  University,  which  he  attended  for  several 


606  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

terms.  When  his  college  days  were  ended  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and 
for  three  years  was  upon  the  road  as  a  commercial  traveler,  but  desiring  that 
his  labors  should  more  directly  benefit  himself  and  believing  that  there  was  a 
profitable  field  in  real  estate,  he  turned  his  attention  to  that  business  in  1907  in 
association  with>E.  E.  Rear  and  Stuart  S.  D.  Heddle  under  the  firm  style  of 
Rear,  Endacott  &  Heddle.  This  connection  was  continued  until  1909,  at  which 
time  Mr.  Endacott  entered  into  partnership  relations  with  J.  W.  Percival  as 
a  member  of  the  present  firm  of  Endacott  &  Percival.  They  now  have  a  good 
clientage  and  the  business,  which  has  already  assumed  substantial  proportions, 
is  steadily  growing. 

On  the  ist  of  September,  1904,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Endacott  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Adeline  Kirk,  a  daughter  of  Lewis  and  Catherine  Kirk, 
connected  with  the  family  that  founded  the  town  of  Kirkton,  Ontario.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Endacott  hold  membership  in  the  Church  of  England  and  he  is  identified 
with  several  fraternal  and  social  organizations,  belonging  to  Western  Gate 
Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver,  and  Gizeh  Temple  of  the  Mystic  Shrine. 
He  is  also  connected  with  Kitsilano,  L.  O.  L.,  and  along  more  strictly  social 
lines  with  the  Terminal  City,  Vancouver  Hunting  and  Vancouver  Riding  Clubs. 
He  is  also  connected  with  the  Illinois  Theta  Chapter  of  the  Sigma  Alpha 
Epsilon.  His  military  experience  came  to  him  through  two  years'  service  as 
a  member  of  E  Company  of  the  Queen's  Own  Rifles  of  Toronto,  Ontario.  In 
politics  he  is  a  conservative  and  a  past  president  of  the  Ward  Six  Conservative 
Club.  He  is  also  president  of  the  Kitsilano  Improvemnet  Association,  an  organ- 
ization for  the  furtherance  of  civic  improvement.  He  is  a  member  of  the  central 
executive  committee  of  the  Vancouver  Conservative  Association  and  while  not 
active  as  an  office  seeker  is  yet  a  zealous  advocate  of  principles  in  which  he 
believes.  The  only  office  that  he  has  filled  is  that  of  park  commissioner  of 
the  city  of  Vancouver,  in  which  he  is  now  an  incumbent,  and  as  such  has  labored 
efficiently  and  earnestly  to  promote  the  interests  of  the  park  system"  for  which 
Vancouver  is  already  famous.  He  is  a  typical  young  man  of  the  present  age, 
interested  in  all  those  vital  forces  which  have  to  do  with  the  welfare  and  progress 
of  the  individual  and  the  community  at  large. 


RICHARD  ARTHUR  HENDERSON. 

Richard  Arthur  Henderson,  a  civil  and  mining  engineer  whose  ability,  excel- 
lent training  and  wide  experience  have  united  to  give  him  a  place  of  honor  and 
distinction  in  his  chosen  profession,  has  for  the  past  four  years  served  as  city 
engineer  of  Chilliwack  and  conducts  a  large  and  lucrative  private  practice  here. 
He  was  born  in  Baldwin  City,  Kansas,  March  30,  1877,  and  is  a  son  of  John 
Calvin  and  Elizabeth  Henderson,  the  former  of  whom  engages  in  merchandising. 

Richard  A.  Henderson  acquired  his  preliminary  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  Chilliwack  and  in  the  high  school  at  Vancouver.  He  afterward  entered 
McGill  University,  where  he  took  an  engineering  course,  after  which  he  worked 
on  the  Chilliwack  dike  as  assistant  to  the  resident  engineer.  At  the  end  of  four 
years  he  became  connected  with  A.  Driscoll,  Dominion  land  surveyor  and  terri- 
torial engineer,  with  residence  at  Edmonton,  Alberta.  Mr.  Henderson  continued 
as  his  assistant  until  1903  and  in  the  following  year  secured  a  position  as  transit 
man  on  the  Grand  Trunk  Pacific  Railroad,  working  on  the  line  between  Regina 
and  Edmonton.  He  was  afterward  locating  and  transit  man  on  the  Vancouver, 
Westminster  &  Yukon  Railroad  from  Vancouver,  north,  and  after  he  resigned 
this  position  was  connected  with  the  Midway  &  Vernon  Railroad  in  the  same 
capacity.  He  was  then  locating  engineer  and  chief  engineer  of  the  Kettle  River 
Valley  Railroad  and  in  1909  moved  to  Chilliwack,  where  he  has  since  resided. 
He  is  serving  as  city  engineer,  discharging  the  duties  of  this  office  in  a  capable 
and  conscientious  way,  and  he  controls  besides  a  large  private  practice  as  a  land 


RICHARD  A.  HENDERSON 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  609 

surveyor  and  civil  engineer,   founding  a  gratifying  professional   success  upon 
unusual  ability  and  varied  experience. 

In  1907  Mr.  Henderson  married  Miss  Mary  Dixon  Pavey,  of  St.  Thomas, 
Ontario,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  two  children,  John  Pavey  and 
Elizabeth  Ann.  Fraternally  Mr.  Henderson  is  a  member  of  Excelsior  Lodge, 
No.  7,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  the  Masonic  lodge,  and  Ionic  Lodge,  No.  19,  K.  P.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  belongs  to  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil 
Engineers,  his  ability  being  widely  recognized  in  the  profession.  His  political 
allegiance  is  given  to  the  liberal  party  and  he  is  public-spirited  and  progressive 
in  matters  of  citizenship,  his  official  service  forming  only  a  small  portion  of  his 
contributions  to  community  advancement.  He  is  well  known  in  professional 
and  social  circles  and  enjoys  the  warm  regard  and  confidence  of  an  extensive 
circle  of  friends. 


WILLIAM  HENRY  MADILL. 

William  Henry  Madill,  a  real-estate  and  insurance  broker,  carrying  on  oper- 
ations under  the  name  of  the  Royal  City  Realty  Company,  was  born  in  Well- 
ington county,  Ontario,  Canada,  on  the  loth  of  November,  1863,  his  parents 
being  William  and  Theresa  (Cross)  Madill,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Ireland. 
The  father  came  to  Canada  as  a  young  man,  while  the  mother  crossed  the  Atlantic 
in  her  girlhood  with  her  parents,  both  settling  in  the  province  of  Ontario,  where 
they  were  subsequently  married.  William  Madill  was  a  farmer  and  for  many 
years  carried  on  general  agricultural  pursuits  in  Ontario,  where  he  died  about 
1891  at  the  age  of  seventy-four  years.  His  widow  came  to  British  Columbia 
about  1905  and  has  since  made  her  home  with  her  son,  William  Henry,  and  his 
brother,  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Madill,  at  Cedar  Cottage.  At  the  age  of  eighty-six  years 
she  is  still  hale  and  hearty. 

William  H.  Madill  spent  his  youthful  days  under  the  parental  roof  and 
acquired  his  education  in  the  public  school  of  Teel  township,  in  his  native  county 
and  in  the  collegiate  institute  of  Guelph  and  the  collegiate  institute  at  Park- 
dale,  Toronto,  completing  his  studies  at  the  latter  institution.  He  was  ordained 
to  the  Congregational  ministry  in  1890  and  for  more  than  fifteen  years  filled 
pulpits  of  Congregational  and  Presbyterian  churches,  having  embraced  the  latter 
faith  after  nine  and  a  half  years  active  work  in  the  Congregational  ministry. 
He  built  churches  at  Texada  and  Agassiz,  British  Columbia,  and  one  at  Tyne 
Head,  British  Columbia,  in  addition  to  several  in  the  east.  He  came  to  this 
province  in  1899,  his  first  charge  being  in  the  missionary  field,  during  which 
period  he  was  at  Texada.  About  1908  he  gave  up  the  active  work  of  the  min- 
istry and  since  that  time  has  filled  pulpits  only  in  the  absence  of  regular  pastors 
or  in  answer  to  calls  for  special  occasions.  He  preached  the  dedication  sermon 
in  the  Gordon  Presbyterian  church  in  Edmonds  and  is  representative  elder  and 
chairman  of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  church.  After  leaving  the  ministry 
he  retired  to  a  fruit  ranch  on  the  Douglas  road  in  East  Burnaby,  but  finding 
the  income  of  his  ranch  insufficient  to  support  his  family,  he  turned  his  attention 
to  the  real-estate  business,  and  on  the  organization  of  the  Royal  City  Realty 
Company  bought  an  interest  in  the  company  with  which  he  has  since  been  iden- 
tified. In  the  interval,  covering  five  years,  he  has  so  improved  and  developed 
his  fruit  ranch  that  it  is  today  at  a  point  where  it  will  support  his  family  in 
affluence  without  recourse  to  the  real-estate  and  insurance  brokerage  business. 
In  the  latter  field,  however,  Mr.  Madill  has  also  been  very  successful  and  has 
gained  a  good  clientage  in  that  connection.  He  maintains  a  summer  home  at  Cres- 
cent Beach,  one  of  the  finest  beaches  on  the  northwest  coast. 

On  the  4th  of  September,  1895,  Mr.  Madill  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Hannah  Brown,  a  native  of  Lampton  county,  Ontario,  and  to  them  have  been 


610  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

born  seven  children,  six  of  whom  are  living,   Frieda  R.,  Alda,  Vera,   Mabel, 
Edith  and  Winifred,  all  at  home. 

In  politics  Mr.  Madill  is  a  conservative  and  has  been  a  member  of  the  Bur- 
naby  school  board  and  the  Burnaby  town  council,  in  which  connections  he  has 
put  forth  earnest  and  effective  effort  for  the  welfare,  progress  and  development 
of  the  community.  He  belongs  to  Amity  Lodge,  No.  27,  I.  O.  O.  F.  and  is  a 
member  of  a  number  of  fraternal  societies.  He  likewise  belongs  to  the  West- 
minster Progressive  Association  and  the  British  Columbia  Fruit  Growers  Asso- 
ciation, and  is  interested  in  all  lines  of  progress  leading  to  the  upbuilding  and 
development  of  this  section  of  the  country.  He  and  his  family  are  members 
of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  his  recreations  are  motoring  and  boating.  Mr. 
Madill  has  lived  to  see  marked  changes  in  this  section  of  the  country.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  board  that  surveyed  the  route  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Rail- 
way through  northern  Ontario.  He  has  lived  to  see  the  line  extended  to  the 
Pacific,  with  ramifying  branch  lines  reaching  out  in  all  directions.  He  indorsed 
every  practical  movement  for  the  benefit  and  upbuilding  of  the  district  in  which 
he  lives,  and  at  all  times  is  actuated  by  a  spirit  of  progressiveness  that  has  made 
his  life  work  of  benefit  to  the  community. 


JOHN  MALLERY  WATSON. 

John  Mallery  Watson  is  one  of  the  triumvirate  of  young  men  who  control 
as  owners  the  Owl  Drug  Company,  the  largest  business  of  the  kind  in  Van- 
couver, British  Columbia.  The  company  maintains  four  stores  and  as  president 
thereof  Mr.  Watson  bends  his  efforts  to  the  executive  control  of  this  important 
enterprise.  He  was  born  at  Milton,  Ontario,  November  6,  1880,  a  son  of  Henry 
and  Jane  Elizabeth  (Holgate)  Watson,  the  former  a  native  of  Yorkshire,  Eng- 
land, and  the  latter  of  Quebec.  The  father  made  his  home  in  Ontario  and  in 
that  province  passed  away  at  the  age  of  sixty-eight  years. 

John  Mallery  Watson  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of 
Ontario  and  upon  coming  to  Vancouver  entered  the  employ  of  the  McDowell, 
Atkins  &  Watson  Company,  the  third  partner  being  an  elder  brother  of  our 
subject.  With  this  firm  the  latter  had  also  served  his  apprenticeship  as  a  drug- 
gist. The  McDowell,  Atkins  &  Watson  Company  at  one  time  controlled  eleven 
stores  in  Vancouver  and  upon  the  completion  of  his  course  of  learning  John  M. 
Watson  assumed  the  management  of  one  of  their  stores.  Gradually  some  of 
their  retail  establishments  were  discontinued  and  at  the  beginning  of  1910  the 
company  operated  three  large  stores.  Three  young  men  who  had  served  all  or 
part  of  their  apprenticeship  with  this  house  became  in  that  year  successors  to 
the  older  company.  They  were  John  M.  Watson,  A.  E.  Black  and  James  C. 
McLeod.  Forming  a  partnership  they  bought  out  the  interests  of  the  McDowell, 
Atkins  &  Watson  Company,  John  M.  Watson  taking  charge  of  the  store  at  the 
corner  of  Granville  and  Dunsmuir  streets,  Mr.  Black  retaining  the  management 
of  the  one  at  Main  and  Hastings  streets,  where  he  had  been  in  charge  for  some 
time,  and  Mr.  McLeod  taking  over  the  store  at  Abbott  and  Cordova  streets.  In 
March,  1911,  the  name  was  changed  to  the  Owl  Drug  Store,  Mr.  Watson  becom- 
ing president,  Mr.  Black  vice  president  and  Mr.  McLeod  secretary  and  treasurer. 
Their  cooperation  and  united  efforts  were  soon  productive  of  good  results  and 
their  business  increased  to  such  an  extent  that  in  March,  1912,  they  opened  a 
fourth  store  at  the  corner  of  Powell  and  Dunlevy  streets.  As  executive  officer 
of  the  firm  Mr.  Watson  gives  practically  his  whole  attention  to  its  affairs,  bending 
his  efforts  to  keep  his  establishments  up-to-date  in  every  way  and  rendering  the 
best  possible  service  to  the  public.  The  stores  present  an  appearance  which 
rivals  that  of  the  best  establishments  in  the  largest  cities.  The  firm  is  able,  on 
account  of  the  large  quantities  used,  to  buy  their  drugs  and  sundries  at  prices 


JOHN"  M.  WATSON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  613 

which  permit  them  to  sell  at  the  lowest  figure  without  detracting  from  quality. 
Mr.  Watson  also  owns  valuable  business  and  residence  properties  in  Vancouver. 
To  maintain  an  even  balance  to  his  confining  business  activities,  Mr.  Watson 
actively  participates  in  athletics  and  in  that  manner  keeps  himself  ever  ready 
to  meet  the  heavy  demands  his  business  makes  upon  him.  For  a  number  of 
years  he  was  a  director  of  the  Vancouver  Athletic  Club,  entering  upon  that  posi- 
tion when  the  club  was  first  organized,  and  for  two  years  he  played  on  the  Van- 
couver lacrosse  team.  For  three  years  he  was  also  captain  of  the  Vancouver 
Athletic  Championship  Baseball  team  and  played  football  with  the  Vancouver 
Tigers  for  two  years.  He  still  maintains  an  active  interest  in  all  athletics,  taking 
the  stand  that  a  healthy  and  sound  mind  can  live  but  in  a  healthy  and  sound 
body.  In  politics  he  is  a  conservative  but  has  never  actively  participated  in  public 
affairs.  He  gives  his  religious  adherence  to  the  Episcopal  church,  being  a  mem- 
ber of  St.  Paul's  church  of  Vancouver,  and  fraternally  he  is  affiliated  with  the 
Masons,  being  a  member  of  Western  Gate  Lodge,  No  48,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of 
which  he  serves  as  senior  warden.  Mr.  Watson  resides  ?.t  1215  Pacific  street, 
Vancouver,  where  he  makes  his  home  with  his  mother.  Yet  a  young  man,  he 
has  attained  a  remarkable  position  among  the  merchants  of  this  city  and  by  his 
careful  utilization  of  opportunities  has  not  onlv  -t'Jned  to  a  substantial  place 
but  has  given  an  impetus  to  the  commercial  gro  -v  in  of  his  community.  His  career 
is  proof  of  the  fact  that  to  do  one  thing  well  will  make  it  a  success,  and  that 
unabating  energy  and  unflagging  industry,  combined  with  ability,  are  still  the 
fundamental  qualities  upon  which  prosperity  is  built. 


WALTER  WILLIAM  WOLFENDEN. 

Walter  William  Wolfenden,  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Columbia  Paper 
Company  of  Vancouver  and  by  virtue  of  this  position  and  the  force  of  his  abil- 
ity and  personality  one  of  the  leading  figures  in  the  general  commercial  life 
of  the  city,  is  a  native  son  of  this  province,  born  in  Victoria,  on  the  2/th  of 
September,  1876.  His  name  has  long  been  known  and  honored  throughout 
British  Columbia  for  his  father.  Colonel  Richard  Wolfenden,  was  one  of  the 
most  prominent  of  Victoria's  pioneers  and  was  active  in  the  upbuilding  and 
development  of  the  city  since  its  earliest  history  as  a  corporate  town.  He  was 
born  in  Rathmel,  Yorkshire,  England,  March  30,  1836,  and  in  1858  came  around 
the  Horn  to  British  Columbia  as  a  member  of  a  party  of  one  hundred  and  fifty 
Royal  Engineers.  From  that  time  until  his  death  he  remained  an  honored  and 
respected  resident  of  the  city  and  was  prominent  in  her  public  affairs.  For 
over  fifty  years  he  was  the  honorable  and  efficient  incumbent  of  the  office  of 
queen's  printer  for  the  province  of  British  Columbia  and  he  was  also  for  a 
number  of  years  controller  of  stationery  for  the  province.  His  death  occurred 
in  Victoria  in  1911  and  deprived  that  city  not  only  of  one  of  the  earliest  and 
greatest  of  its  pioneers  but  also  of  one  of  its  most  substantial  and  representa- 
tive citizens.  A  more  extended  mention  of  Colonel  Richard  Wolfenden  is 
found  on  another  page  in  this  work. 

Walter  William  Wolfenden  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  his  native  city,  graduating  from  the  Victoria  high  school.  He  afterward 
took  charge  of  the  stationery  department  for  the  provincial  government  and 
he  was  for  some  time  bookkeeper  in  the  provincial  printing  department.  In 
1899  he  resigned  from  the  civil  service  in  order  to  go  to  the  Klondike,  where 
he  spent  three  years  and  a  half  mining  in  and  about  Dawson  City.  For  a 
time  he  was  engaged  in  the  general  merchandise  business  in  Dawson,  abandon- 
ing this  enterprise  in  1902,  when  he  went  to  the  Okanagan  valley,  where  he  opened 
a  fancy  goods  and  stationery  store  at  Armstrong.  This  enterprise  he  con- 
tinued to  manage  with  profit  and  success  until  1910,  when  he  disposed  of 
all  his  interests  in  the  Okanagan  region  and  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he 

Vol.  in— 2 1 


614  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

formed  a  partnership  with  C.  J.  Kay  and  Karl  Smeed  in  the  organization  of 
the  Columbia  Paper  Company,  Mr.  Wolfenden  becoming  secretary  and  treas- 
urer. In  this  capacity  his  splendid  business  and  executive  ability  have  been 
called  forth  and  the  success  of  the  institution  is  in  large  measure  due  to  him, 
for  he  gives  practically  all  of  his  time  to  its  affairs,  his  energy,  well  timed 
aggressiveness  and  general  business  discrimination  proving  valuable  as  con- 
structive forces.  The  company  today  controls  one  of  the  largest  concerns  of 
this  character  in  the  city  and  the  establishment  is  modern  and  up-to-date  in 
every  particular.  Four  salesmen  are  constantly  on  the  road,  their  territory 
extending  throughout  the  provinces  of  British  Columbia  and  Alberta,  and  the 
enterprise  is  still  growing,  its  rapid  development  evidencing  clearly  Mr.  Wol- 
fenden's  organizing  power  and  business  acumen. 

In  Armstrong,  British  Columbia,  on  the  26th  of  September,  1904,  Mr.  Wol- 
fenden married  Miss  Violet  Clara  Shary,  of  Crete,  Nebraska,  and  they  have 
become  the  parents  of  two  sons,  John  Elford  and  Francis  William.  Mr.  Wol- 
fenden has  always  been  an  enthusiastic  devotee  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports 
and  is  especially  interested  in  lacrosse.  In  the  early  days  of  that  game  in 
Victoria  he  was  one  of  the  members  of  the  James  Bay  Lacrosse  Club,  which 
was  the  first  intermediate  lacrosse  team  in  the  city,  and  in  after  years  he 
played  with  the  Victoria  Lacrosse  Club.  Upon  going  to  the  Okanagan  district 
he  found  that  the  game  had  never  been  introduced  there  and  at  once  set  about 
to  establish  it.  He  was  very  successful  in  this  undertaking,  the  game  meeting 
with  almost  instant  approval,  and  the  wonderful  enthusiasm  that  he  aroused 
in  a  comparatively  short  time  has  never  since  declined.  He  is  known  as  the 
"father"  of  lacrosse  in  the  Okanagan  and  was  captain  of  the  Armstrong  La- 
crosse Team  during  the  full  period  of  his  residence  in  that  city.  He  is  also 
interested  in  baseball  and  when  a  boy  played  on  the  James  Bay  Baseball  Club. 

Mr.  Wolfenden  is  a  devout  member  of  the  Episcopal  church  and  he  gives 
his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party.  He  was  secretary  of  the 
Armstrong  Conservative  Association  and  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Con- 
servative Association,  but,  although  he  is  earnest  in  his  support  of  projects 
and  measures  for  municipal  development  and  growth,  he  is  not  an  active  poli- 
tician. The  business  which  he  has  built  up  by  his  energy,  ability  and  enthu- 
siasm engrosses  his  attention  and  its  successful  conduct  has  made  him  a  great 
individual  force  in  the  commercial  development  of  Vancouver  and  gained  for 
him  a  high  place  in  general  business  circles. 


LOUIS  A.  AGASSIZ. 

On  the  list  of  notable  pioneers  in  British  Columbia  the  name  of  Louis  A. 
Agassiz  is  entitled  to  a  place  of  honor,  for  he  not  only  opened  up  the  first  farm 
in  the  community  which  now  bears  his  name  but  throughout  the  years  has  taken 
an  active  and  prominent  part  in  its  agricultural  development  and  general  upbuild- 
ing. He  was  born  in  Charlottetown,  Prince  Edward  Island,  in  February,  1853, 
and  is  a  son  of  L.  N.  and  Caroline  (von  Schram)  Agassiz,  the  former  a  descend- 
ant of  a  prominent  family  of  United  Empire  Loyalist  stock  which  was  founded 
in  London,  Ontario,  about  the  year  1775. 

Louis  A.  Agassiz  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  London, 
Ontario,  and  those  of  Yale,  British  Columbia.  He  afterward  studied  at  Victoria 
and  completed  his  education  at  the  age  of  fifteen,  since  which  time  he  has  been 
dependent  upon  his  own  resources.  At  an  early  age  he  came  to  what  is  now 
Agassiz  to  open  up  a  ranch  of  six  hundred  acres  which  his  father  had  purchased. 
He  made  the  journey  from  Yale  to  Agassiz  on  a  raft  through  an  unsettled 
country  filled  with  perils,  for  this  was  long  before  the  days  of  roads  or  railways. 
On  his  arrival  here  he  cut  with  his  own  hands  the  timber  on  his  father's  place 
and  opened  up  the  first  farm  in  this  part  of  the  province,  doing  most  of  the 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  617 

arduous  labor  of  felling  the  trees,  breaking  the  soil  and  bringing  the  tract  under 
cultivation.  He  was  helped  occasionally  by  friendly  Indians,  then  his  only 
neighbors  and  indeed  the  only  inhabitants.  With  resolute  determination  the 
young  man  carried  forward  the  work,  plowing  the  hard  soil,  building  a  house 
and  barns  and  constructing  his  own  roads.  Gradually  his  unremitting  industry 
brought  success  and  abundant  harvests  rewarded  his  practical  and  careful  work. 
In  the  early  days  be  brought  his  farm  produce  to  Yale  in  Indian  canoes,  trading 
or  selling  it.  This  continued  until  1885,  when  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  was 
built  through  and  a  station  was  erected  upon  his  property,  the  nucleus  of  the 
present  town  of  Agassiz.  In  time  there  grew  up  here  a  thriving  and  prosperous 
community,  whose  most  honored  citizen  is  Louis  A.  Agassiz,  founder  and  pioneer. 
Mr.  Agassiz  serves  as  coroner  of  his  district. 


GEORGE  ELLIOT  SELDON,  M.  D. 

Dr.  George  Elliot  Seldon,  actively  engaged  in  the  practice  of  medicine,  has 
as  a  basis  of  his  success  thorough  preliminary  study  in  this  country  and  later 
extensive  hospital  experience  in  England.  He  was  born  at  Exeter,  Ontario, 
July  26,  1882,  a  son  of  Richard  and  Emma  (McLeod)  Seldon,  the  former  a 
son  of  William  Seldon,  who  came  to  Canada  from  England  in  1848,  settling  in 
Oxford  county,  Ontario,  where  he  engaged  in  farming  to  the  time  of  his  death. 
His  son,  Richard  Seldon,  was  reared  on  his  father's  farm  and  later  engaged 
in  the  dry-goods  business  at  Strathroy  and  Exeter,  but  now  lives  in  Ingersoll, 
Ontario,  where  he  occupies  the  official  position  of  clerk  and  treasurer  of  North 
Oxford  county. 

Spending  his  youthful  days  under  the  parental  roof,  Dr.  Seldon  attended 
the  public  schools  and  afterward  Ingersoll  Collegiate  Institute.  His  profes- 
sional course  was  pursued  in  the  Toronto  University,  from  which  he  was  grad- 
uated with  the  degree  of  M.  D.  in  1905.  Following  his  graduation  he  went 
to  England  and  for  eighteen  months  studied  in  the  London  Hospital,  while  the 
succeeding  year  and  a  half  was  spent  in  the  Manchester  (England)  Hospital. 
His  broad  hospital  experience  brought  him  practical  and  comprehensive  knowl- 
edge such  as  can  be  gained  in  no  other  way.  In  1908  he  returned  to  Canada, 
and  making  his  way  to  the  far  west  settled  at  Vancouver  for  the  practice  of 
his  profession.  He  has  always  specialized  in  surgery  and  his  work  here  is 
of  an  important  character. 

Dr.  Seldon  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity,  in  which  he  has  attained 
high  rank,  being  a  Scottish  Rite  Mason.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Canadian 
and  University  Clubs  of  Vancouver  and  belongs  to  the  Presbyterian  church. 
High  principles  actuate  him  in  all  his  life's  relations  and  he  performs  all  of 
his  professional  duties  with  a  high  sense  of  conscientious  obligation  that  has 
won  for  him  the  favor  and  approval  of  profession  and  public  alike. 


JAMES  MCGREGOR  PATTULLO. 

James  McGregor  Pattullo  needs  no  introduction  to  the  readers  of  this  vol- 
ume, for  his  name  is  well  known  in  the  northwest  in  connection  with  activities 
for  the  material  and  moral  progress  of  this  section  of  the  American  continent. 
He  is  now  figuring  prominently  in  financial  circles  as  vice  president  of  the 
Northwest  Trust  Company,  Limited,  with  which  he  became  identified  in  Novem- 
ber, 1911.  He  was  born  in  Ontario,  December  29,  1869,  a  son  of  William 
Thompson  and  Jessie  Pattullo,  well  known  farming  people.  Both  the  father 
and  mother  were  educated  in  Woodstock  College  and  the  former  was  trained 


618  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

for  the  druggist's  business  but  afterward  turned  his  attention  to  general  agri- 
cultural pursuits. 

James  M.  Pattullo  pursued  his  education  in  the  grades  of  the  schools  of  his 
home  town,  passed  on  to  the  high  school,  and  eventually  became  a  student  in 
a  technical  school,  which  he  attended  at  night,  working  at  the  same  time.  It 
was  through  his  own  labors  that  he  met  the  expenses  of  his  technical  course 
and  worked  his  way  through  college.  The  ambition  and  energy  which  prompted 
him  to  secure  an  education  at  the  sacrifice  of  many  of  the  pleasures  which 
youths  of  that  age  usually  consider  their  just  due  indicated  the  character  of 
the  coming  man.  Throughout  his  entire  life  he  has  labored  persistently  and 
earnestly  to  achieve  results  worth  while,  and  thus  has  continuously  progressed. 
He  entered  the  employ  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Company  at  Owen 
Sound,  Ontario,  remaining  in  the  service  of  that  corporation  for  two  years 
as  bill  clerk.  Through  the  succeeding  two  years  he  was  employed  in  the  cash- 
ier's office  of  the  Toronto  Railway  Company  at  Toronto,  and  in  1889  he  went 
to  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  as  an  employe  of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railway  Com- 
pany, spending  several  years  in  the  auditor's  office  in  that  city.  He  next 
returned  to  Ontario,  where  he  engaged  in  the  woolen  mill  business  at  Creemore, 
Ontario,  for  two  years.  Once  more  he  went  to  St.  Paul  and  was  connected 
with  the  immigration  department  of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad  Company 
for  two  years.  In  1899  he  left  that  service  and  came  west  to  the  Pacific  coast. 
He  spent  five  years  as  secretary  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  one 
year  of  that  time  being  spent  in  Spokane  and  four  years  as  general  secretary 
at  Tacoma,  Washington.  Reentering  commercial  circles,  he  was  engaged  in 
the  lumber  and  box  business  at  Tacoma  for  one  year  and  in  September,  1905, 
came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia.  During  the  succeeding  four  years  he 
conducted  a  very  profitable  business  as  proprietor  of  the  Pacific  Box  Company. 
In  November,  1911,  he  joined  the  Northwest  Trust  Company,  Limited,  and 
was  chosen  vice  president,  which  position  he  has  since  filled. 

On  the  28th  of  October,  1899,  in  Spokane,  Washington,  Mr.  Pattullo  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Caroline  Elizabeth  Harrold,  only  daughter  of 
Thomas  G.  and  Mary  Ann  Harrold,  well  known  pioneer  settlers  of  Fargo, 
North  Dakota.  The  father  is  a  wealthy  stock-raiser,  owning  several  thousand 
acres  of  the  best  land  in  that  rich  district.  The  children  of  this  marriage  are 
Mary  Evangeline,  Ruth  Jeanette  and  Winifred  Caroline.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Pat- 
tullo hold  membership  in  the  Baptist  church  and  his  political  allegiance  is  given 
to  the  liberal  party.  He  cooperates  in  all  movements  which  have  for  their 
object  the  material,  intellectual,  social  and  moral  welfare  of  the  district  in 
which  he  lives  and  is  a  man  of  considerable  influence,  capable  and  resourceful, 
ready  for  any  emergency  and  seeking  at  all  times  those  things  which  work 
for  good  for  the  individual  and  for  the  district. 


EDWARD  STANLEY  MITTON. 

Edward  Stanley  Mitton,  a  prominent  and  successful  young  architect  of 
Vancouver,  was  born  in  Birmingham,  England,  August  6,  1880,  a  son  of 
Edward  Moss  Mitton,  a  family  connection  of  Jack  Mitton,  noted  in  English 
history  as  a  celebrated  hunter. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city,  Edward  S.  Mitton  acquired  his 
early  education,  later  attending  St.  Edmond's  College  in  Birmingham  for  sev- 
eral years.  After  laying  aside  his  books  he  was  articled  to  Ingall  &  Son,  archi- 
tects, studying  architecture  as  an  apprentice  for  five  years,  after  which,  with 
a  thorough  and  practical  knowledge  of  the  profession  which  he  intended  to 
make  his  own,  he  went  to  London,  entering  the  employ  of  Herbert  Bolton. 
After  two  years  of  able  work  in  this  capacity  he  moved  to  Loughboro,  England, 
where  he  was  employed  as  a  specialist  in  school  work  for  one  year,  after  which 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  619 

he  started  in  business  for  himself,  opening  an  office  in  Birmingham,  where  he 
engaged  in  professional  work  alone  for  several  months.  He  then  associated 
himself  with  his  former  employers,  the  firm  of  Ingall,  Son  &  Mitton  being 
formed,  and  the  association  continued  for  two  years.  During  all  of  this  time 
Mr.  Mitton's  powers  were  continually  developing,  for  he  remained  always  a 
close  and  earnest  student  of  his  profession,  and  when  he  left  England  he  went 
to  Toronto  in  the  important  capacity  of  special  designer  for  F.  S.  Baker.  He 
had  held  this  position  only  two  months,  however,  when  he  met  with  an  acci- 
dent and  was  sent  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  in  order  to  recover  his 
health.  One  year  later,  in  1908,  he  started  in  business  for  himself  in  this  city 
and  here  he  has  since  remained,  a  representative  and  continually  increasing 
patronage  being  accorded  him  in  recognition  of  his  superior  ability  and  exhaus- 
tive knowledge  of  his  profession.  Mr.  Mitton's  work  shows  the  influence  of 
his  close  study  of  architecture  in  all  its  branches,  his  artistic  sense,  his  appre- 
ciation of  line  and  color  and  his  practical  knowledge  of  modern  needs  and 
requirements,  and  its  superior  quality  is  widely  recognized  in  Vancouver. 

On  the  28th  of  December,  1907,  Mr.  Mitton  was  united  in  marriage  in 
Birmingham,  England,  to  Miss  Edith  Thomas,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Sarah 
Thomas,  the  former  for  a  number  of  years  a  well  known  manufacturer's  agent 
in  Montreal,  Quebec.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Alitton  are  the  parents  of  one  child,  Mary. 

Mr.  Mitton  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and 
although  he  is  not  a  politician  he  is  a  public-spirited  and  progressive  citizen, 
interested  in  everything  pertaining  to  civic  improvement.  Although  still  a  young 
man  he  has  already  made  a  creditable  professional  record  and  his  many  friends 
do  not  hesitate  to  predict  for  him  continued  progress  in  his  chosen  field. 


LORNE  COBURN  KYLE. 

Lome  Coburn  Kyle,  founder  and  general  manager  of  the  Consolidated 
Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  and  one  of  the  most  able,  progressive  and  far-sighted 
business  men  of  Vancouver,  was  born  in  Gibson,  York  county,  New  Bruns- 
wick, on  the  loth  of  January,  1879.  He  is  a  son  of  John  and  Mary  R.  (Wood- 
worth)  Kyle,  the  former  of  whom  was  born  in  Ireland  and  came  to  Canada 
with  his  widowed  mother  in  1850,  being  at  that  time  eight  years  of  age.  His 
mother  settled  at  Hopewell  Hill,  Albert  county,  New  Brunswick,  and  there  the 
father  of  the  subject  of  this  review  grew  to  manhood.  In  his  youth  he  was 
apprenticed  to  the  shoemaker's  trade  and  after  serving  the  required  term  moved 
to  Gibson,  in  York  county,  where  he  engaged  in  shoemaking  for  a  number  of 
years,  afterward  turning  his  attention  to  the  general  merchandise  business. 
Until  1905  he  conducted  a  profitable  enterprise  of  this  character  in  Gibson  but 
in  that  year  moved  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  where  he  has  since  lived 
retired.  His  wife  is  a  native  of  Hopewell  Hill,  New  Brunswick,  and  is  of 
English  ancestry. 

Lome  Coburn  Kyle  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city  and  afterward  was  variously  employed  at  Gibson  and  Fredericton  until 
1899,  during  which  time  he  attended  and  was  graduated  from  the  Fredericton 
Business  College.  He  then  came  west  to  British  Columbia,  and,  locating  in 
Vancouver,  entered  the  employ  of  Boyd  &  Burns,  wholesale  dealers  in  plumb- 
ing supplies,  with  whom  he  remained  until  1902.  In  that  year  he  became  con- 
nected with  the  Robertson-Godson  Company  and  worked  in  their  interests  for 
five  years  thereafter,  filling  various  important  and  responsible  positions.  In 
1907  he  began  business  on  his  own  account,  turning  his  attention  to  real-estate, 
insurance  and  financial  brokerage.  He  was  successful  from  the  beginning  and 
by  the  capable  control  of  his  interests,  his  untiring  energy  and  well  directed 
activity  developed  an  excellent  business,  which  soon  became  important  as  a 
factor  in  the  general  commercial  life  of  the  city.  This  enterprise  he  operated 


620  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

under  his  own  name  until  1912,  when  he  organized  the  Consolidated  Trust 
Company,  Ltd.,  which  absorbed  his  former  concern  and  of  which  he  became 
general  manager,  a  position  which  he  occupies  at  the  present  time.  The  Con- 
solidated Trust  Company  does  a  general  real-estate,  insurance  and  financial 
brokerage  business  and  has  also  full  powers  to  act  as  trustee,  manager  of 
estates,  etc.  It  controls  a  large  volume  of  business  along  these  different  lines 
and  this  is  continually  increasing  in  importance  and  extent.  As  manager  of 
the  concern  Mr.  Kyle  occupies  a  position  calling  for  executive  ability,  tact, 
foresight  and  clear  judgment  and  these  qualities  he  possesses  in  an  unusual 
degree  and  has  made  them  factors  in  the  development  of  one  of  the  substantial 
business  institutions  of  the  city  where  he  makes  his  home.  He  has  constantly 
broadened  his  interests  in  Vancouver,  where  a  number  of  large  corporate 
concerns  owe  their  inception  to  his  initiative  spirit  and  their  continued  develop- 
ment to  his  energy  and  activity.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Home 
Loan  &  Contract  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  is  now  a  director  and  treasurer. 
This  company  was  organized  in  1910  and  operates  under  the  Trust  Company's 
act  of  1911.  It  controls  a  general  building  and  loan  business  under  a  unique 
cooperative  contract  plan,  which  on  the  principle  of  easy  monthly  payments 
without  interest  is  both  accumulative  and  comprehensive.  The  business  is 
rapidly  growing,  as  many  people  are  taking  advantage  of  the  original  plan  of 
cooperative  home  building  and  are  already  owners  of  their  own  homes  which 
otherwise  they  would  have  been  unable  to  purchase.  In  addition  to  the  connec- 
tions above  enumerated  Mr.  Kyle  has  also  important  individual  financial  inter- 
ests and  owns  a  great  deal  of  valuable  real  estate.  All  of  his  affairs  are  care- 
fully and  capably  conducted  and  he  stands  as  one  of  the  influential  figures  in 
business  circles  of  Vancouver. 

On  the  8th  of  June,  1906,  Mr.  Kyle  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Ethyl 
M.  Wilde  Smith,  of  Toronto,  Ontario,  and  they  have  one  son,  Lome  Samuel. 
Fraternally  Mr.  Kyle  belongs  to  Court  Burrard,  No.  334,  I.  O.  F.,  of  which 
he  was  financial  secretary  for  seven  years.  He  belongs  also  to  N.  Clarke  Wal- 
lace Lodge,  No.  1715,  Loyal  Order  of  Orange,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Com- 
mercial and  Canadian  Clubs.  His  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conserv- 
ative party  and  he  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Conservative  Club,  being 
intelligently  and  actively  interested  in  community  affairs  though  not  a  politi- 
cian in  the  usually  accepted  sense  of  the  term.  He  is  man  of  marked  indi- 
viduality, of  strong  character  and  stalwart  purpose,  and  in  citizenship,  in  busi- 
ness circles  and  in  private  life  commands  and  holds  the  respect  of  all  with 
whom  he  comes  in  contact. 


FREDRICK  CHARLES  KICKBUSH. 

Since  1888  Fredrick  Charles  Kickbush  has  been  closely  connected  with 
ranching  interests  of  the  Chilliwack  district  and  during  the  intervening  quarter 
of  a  century  has  made  many  substantial  contributions  to  general  development 
and  progress,  winning  also  a  substantial  and  gratifying  personal  success.  Dur- 
ing the  period  of  his  residence  here  he  has  been  well  known  in  public  affairs 
and  has  been  honored  by  his  fellow  citizens  by  various  positions  of  trust  and 
responsibility,  being  now  in  the  fifth  successive  year  of  his  service  as  reeve  of 
the  municipality.  He  was  born  in  Rostock,  Germany,  March  28,  1859,  and  is  a 
son  of  Fredrick  and  Ida  Kickbush,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away.  During 
his  active  career  the  father  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits. 

Fredrick  Charles  Kickbush  acquired  a  public-school  education  and  after 
completing  it  went  to  sea,  following  this  occupation  for  five  years  thereafter. 
At  the  end  of  that  time  he  took  private  instruction  in  navigation  and  also  a  course 
in  the  navigation  school,  from  which  he  received  a  diploma  from  the  German 
empire,  passing  as  chief  officer!  After  his  graduation  he  returned  to  sea  as  chief 


FREDRICK  C.  KICKBUSH 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  623 

officer  in  the  merchant-marine,  continuing  thus  for  four  years  at  the  end  of  which 
time  he  made  a  journey  around  the  Horn,  landing  in  Gas  Town,  which  is  now  Van- 
couver, March  i,  1884.  Soon  afterward  he  obtained  a  position  on  a  farm  in  the 
Surrey  district  and  he  then  worked  in  the  lumber  camps  for  a  few  years,  aban- 
doning this  occupation  when  he  came  to  Chilliwack.  In  the  vicinity  of  the  city 
he  purchased  ninety  acres  of  valuable  land  and  added  this  to  the  property  owned 
by  his  wife,  their  combined  holdings  being  three  hundred  acres.  Throughout 
the  years  he  has  worked  untiringly  in  the  development  of  this  property  and  be- 
cause his  labors  have  always  been  practical  and  progressive  they  have  been  at- 
tended with  gratifying  success.  For  the  past  seven  years  he  has  been  president 
of  the  Chilliwack  Creamery  and  his  ability  is  widely  recognized  and  respected 
in  business  circles. 

On  the  7th  of  September,  1890,  Mr.  Kickbush  was  united  in  marriage  to  Mrs. 
Mahood,  of  Chilliwack,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  two  sons.  Mr. 
Kickbush  is  connected  fraternally  with  Ionic  Lodge,  No.  19,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  the 
Knights  of  Pythias  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters.  He  is  a  devout 
member  of  the  Lutheran  church.  It  is  not  alone  along  agricultural  lines  that 
he  has  done  excellent  work  for  Chilliwack,  for  in  the  course  of  years  he  has 
become  equally  prominent  in  public  affairs  and  has  gained  a  gratifying  reputa- 
tion for  conscientious  and  capable  public  service.  Supporting  the  liberal  party, 
he  was  for  seven  years  deputy  sheriff  and  in  January,  1906,  was  elected  reeve 
of  the  Chilliwack  municipality,  a  position  which  he  has  since  held,  being  now 
in  the  fifth  consecutive  term  of  his  service.  His  administration  has  been  distin- 
guished by  the  accomplishment  of  a  great  deal  of  constructive  and  progressive 
work  and  the  city  has  profited  greatly  by  his  political  ability  and  his  active 
public  spirit. 


WILLIAM  GODFREY. 

The  name  of  William  Godfrey  is  an  honored  one  in  financial  circles.  He 
is  one  of  the  pioneer  bankers  of  Vancouver  and  in  his  present  connection 
as  manager  of  the  Bank  of  British  North  America  in  this  city  his  word  carries 
weight  in  all  that  pertains  to  moneyed  interests.  Throughout  his  entire  busi- 
ness career  he  has  been  connected  with  banking  interests  and  what  is  more 
notable  still  is  that  throughout  the  entire  period  he  has  represented  the  great 
corporation  with  which  he  is  still  connected.  No  higher  testimonial  or  more 
incontrovertible  proof  of  his  capability  and  fidelity  could  be  given.  A  native 
of  Huntley,  Ontario,  he  was  born  May  19,  1858,  and  is  of  Irish  lineage,  his 
parents  being  the  Rev.  James  and  Sarah  (Kelly)  Godfrey,  both  of  whom  were 
natives  of  Ireland.  The  father  became  a  minister  of  the  Church  of  England 
and  was  one  of  the  traveling  chaplains  for  the  late  Bishop  Strahan,  of  Toronto, 
for  several  years.  He  later  served  as  rector  at  both  Huntley  and  Wolf  Island; 
Ontario.  He  passed  away  in  that  province  at  the  age  of  sixty  years,  having 
for  about  a  decade  survived  his  wife. 

William  Godfrey  purs/ued  his  education  in  the  schools  of;  Ottawa  and 
Kingston,  Ontario,  attending  the  graded  and  high  schools.  In  1875,  at  the 
age  of  sixteen  years,  he  entered  the  Bank  of  British  North  America  as  a  clerk 
in  the  Kingston  branch,  where  he  continued  for  four  years.  He  was  then  at 
different  periods  in  the  branches  of  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  and  Halifax, 
Nova  Scotia,  as  teller  and  accountant  until  1889,  subsequent  to  which  time  he 
spent  one  year  as  accountant  in  -the  bank  at  Montreal.  In  December,  1890, 
he  came  to  Vancouver  as  manager  of  the  branch  in  this  city  and  is  yet  acting 
in  this  capacity,  controlling  its  interests  during  all  the  period  of  its  rapid  and 
substantial  growth  until  it  is  now  one  of  the  leading  moneyed  institutions  on 
the  coast.  The  Vancouver  branch  of  the  Bank  of  British  North  America 
had  its  beginning  in  1887  in  a  part  of  a  store  room  at  the  corner  of  Cordova 


624  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

and  Carroll  streets.  In  1893  a  removal  was  made  to  the  present  handsome  build- 
ing at  the  corner  of  Hastings  and  Richards  streets,  which  was  doubled  in  size 
about  three  years  ago  to  meet  the  rapidly  increasing  development. 

Immediately  upon  his  arrival  here  Mr.  Godfrey  joined  the  Board  of  Trade 
which  was  then  a  very  small  body.  He  was  active  in  its  work  throughout 
the  period  of  the  Yukon  excitement  and  presided  over  the  meetings  when  the 
subject  of  Dead  Man's  island  first  came  up,  the  board  strongly  opposing  the 
leasing  of  the  island  to  any  one  individual.  Mr.  Godfrey  acted  as  vice  presi- 
dent of  the  Board  of  Trade  from  1895  until  1897  and  through  the  two  suc- 
ceeding years  as  president.  He  was  filling  the  latter  position  at  the  time  of 
the  Dawson  gold  rush,  during  which  period  they  maintained  a  special  office 
and  a  secretary  to  care  for  the  immense  volume  of  correspondence  that  came 
in  the  form  of  inquiries  for  information  of  all  kinds  regarding  the  gold  strike, 
how  best  to  reach  the  gold  district,  the  clothing  to  wear  and  the  supplies  to 
carry  with  them.  Mr.  Godfrey  was  president  of  the  Canadian  Club  in  1910, 
in  which  year  they  entertained  Sir  Ernest  Shackleton  and  T.  P.  O'Connor. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Clearing  House  in  1898,  of  which  he  was 
the  first  chairman.  His  efforts  for  the  benefit  and  upbuilding  of  Vancouver  and 
the  northwest  were  continued  during  his  presidency  of  the  old  Tourist  Asso- 
ciation which  did  much  to  advertise  the  city  and  province  during  the  threatening, 
dark  days  and  which  has  since  been  merged  into  the  Progress  Club.  He  has 
also  had  much  to  do  with  the  establishment  of  the  branch  banks  of  the  prov- 
ince and  thus  along  many  lines  his  labors  have  been  of  material  benefit  to 
British  Columbia  and  her  development. 

On  the  ist  of  June,  1886,  at  Ottawa,  Mr.  Godfrey  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Elizabeth  Campbell  Chepmell  and  they  have  four  children,  Helen  Eliza- 
beth, Edward  C.,  Mary  and  Dorothy. 

Mr.  Godfrey  holds  membership  with  the  Vancouver  and  the  Jericho  Coun- 
try Club.  He  is  president  of  the  Pioneers'  Club.  He  is  a  liberal  contributor 
to  various  charities,  assisting  generously  both  organized  benevolence  and  the 
individual  who  is  in  need.  He  is  a  typical  citizen  of  the  northwest,  one  who 
has  recognized  and  utilized  its  opportunities  and  has  sought  not  only  his  own 
advancement  but  also  the  betterment  of  the  country  in  which  he  lives.  He 
is  a  forceful  and  resourceful  man  and  the  position  of  leadership  which  he  has 
long  occupied  is  indeed  well  merited. 


WILLIAM  HAROLD  BROWN. 

William  Harold  Brown,  operating  in  the  real-estate  field  in  Vancouver  as  a 
partner  of  the  firm  of  Macbeth  &  Brown,  was  born  in  Walkerton,  Ontario, 
November  23,  1876,  his  parents  being  William  and  Isabelle  Brown,  the  former 
the  publisher  of  the  first  newspaper  printed  in  Vancouver,  the  year  being  1885. 

Brought  to  this  city  during  the  pioneer  epoch  in  its  history,  William  Harold 
Brown  was  here  reared  and  educated,  passing  through  consecutive  grades  in  the 
public  schools  and  becoming  a  high-school  student.  In  early  manhood  he  took 
up  the  profession  of  teaching,  which  he  followed  for  six  years  in  Vancouver  and 
was  then  appointed  assistant  librarian  in  the  Carnegie  library  of  this  city  in 
about  1904.  He  occupied  that  position  for  two  years  and  then  turned'  his 
attention  to  the  real-estate  business,  entering  into  partnership  with  Henry  Mutrie 
under  the  firm  style  of  Mutrie  &  Brown.  This  partnership  was  maintained  until 
1911,  when  the  firm  was  dissolved,  Mr.  Mutrie  being  succeeded  by  William  C. 
Macbeth,  forming  the  present  firm  of  Macbeth  &  Brown.  They  are  accorded 
a  good  clientage  and  the  business  is  on  a  substantial  footing,  while  the  enterprise 
and  progressiveness  of  the  partners  constitute  the  salient  features  in  their  ever 
growing  success.  Mr.  Brown  is  also  a  notary  public  for  British  Columbia. 


WILLIAM  H.  BROWN 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  627 

On  the  4th  of  July,  1906,  in  the  city  in  which  he  makes  his  home,  Mr.  Brown 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Catherine  E.  Macbeth,  a  daughter  of  James  and 
Jessie  Macbeth,  representatives  of  an  old  Scotch  family  who  came  to  British 
Columbia  about  twenty  years  ago.  The  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Brown  are 
William  Macbeth,  Harold  Macbeth  and  Catherine  Margaret. 

Mr.  Brown  was  a  member  of  the  Fifth  Regiment  Garrison  Artillery  at  Van- 
couver for  five  years.  In  politics  he  is  a  conservative,  fraternally  is  connected 
with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  and  religiously  with  the  Presby- 
terian church.  There  has  been  nothing  spectacular  in  his  life  history,  but  the 
faithful  performance  of  his  daily  duties  and  his  close  application  to  business 
affairs  have  gained  him  substantial  success  and  the  warm  regard  of  those  with 
whom  he  has  been  brought  in  contact. 


EDWARD  FARADAY  ODLUM. 

Edward  Faraday  Odium  is  a  representative  of  our  best  type  of  Canadian 
manhood  and  chivalry.  By  perseverance,  determination  and  honorable  effort 
he  has  overthrown  all  the  obstacles  which  barred  his  path  to  success  and  has 
reached  the  goal  of  prosperity,  having  won  rank  today  among  the  foremost 
merchants  of  Vancouver.  In  business  or  in  social  relations,  or  in  public  con- 
nections, he  is  always  the  same  honorable  and  honored  gentleman  whose  worth 
well  merits  the  high  regard  that  is  given  him.  Born  in  Berlin,  Ontario,  on  the 
3<Dth  of  September,  18/8,  he  is  a  son  of  Professor  Edward  and  Mary  Odium, 
of  whom  mention  is  made  elsewhere  in  this  work.  He  entered  school  at 
Pembroke,  Ontario,  where  his  father  was  principal,  and  when  the  latter  went  to 
Japan  to  take  charge  of  a  school  in  that  country  Edward  F.  Odium  continued 
his  studies  under  his  father's  direction  but  his  own  education  was  pursued 
under  great  disadvantage  for  all  of  the  children  there  were  Japanese.  After 
the  mother's  death  he  returned  to  Canada  and  lived  with  his  grandparents  in 
Lucknow,  Bruce  county,  Ontario,  where  he  continued  his  studies  until  he 
obtained  a  teachers'  certificate.  He  did  not  enter  upon  the  profession  of  teach- 
ing, however,  but  secured  employment  in  a  furniture  factory,  starting  in  on 
the  planer.  He  was  employed  in  various  capacities  in  the  mill  for  three  years, 
after  which  he  was  transferred  to  the  office  as  bookkeeper,  remaining  in  that 
position  until  the  business  was  closed  out. 

Mr.  Odium  then  came  to  British  Columbia  where  he  arrived  on  Good  Fri- 
day of  1898.  He  was  not  rich  in  this  world's  goods  for  a  few  dollars  consti- 
tuted practically  his  whole  earthly  possessions.  He  was  still  imbued  with 
determination  and  courage,  however,  and  his  industry  and  perseverance  proved 
the  foundation  stones  of  his  success.  He  first  secured  employment  with  the 
Royal  City  Mills  and  after  a  brief  period  obtained  a  position  in  the  purchasing 
department  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  under  A.  J.  Dana,  acting  in  that 
capacity  until  he  left  the  west  for  Coburg,  Ontario,  in  order  to  pursue  a  col- 
legiate course  preparatory  to  entering  the  ministry.  He  gave  up  the  plan  of 
becoming  a  minister,  however,  and  for  a  short  time  was  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits,  after  which  he  accepted  a  position  with  the  Anderson  Furniture 
Company  in  eastern  Canada.  While  thus  engaged  the  Boer  war  broke  out  and 
Mr.  Odium  and  two  of  his  brothers  offered  their  services.  The  two  brothers 
were  accepted  but  Edward  F.  Odium  was  refused  because  of  his  inexperience 
in  military  affairs.  He  was,  however,  accepted  as  a  recruit  in  the  Third  Royal 
Canadian  Infantry  which  replaced  the  Imperial  Regiment  that  was  being  removed 
from  Halifax  garrison  to  the  seat  of  war.  He  remained  on  garrison  duty  for 
one  year,  at  the  end  of  which  time  he  was  dismissed  with  an  honorable  certi- 
ficate by  Lieutenant-Colonel  R.  L.  Wadmore,  now  the  commanding  officer  in 
British  Columbia. 


628  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

At  that  time  Mr.  Odium  returned  to  his  position  with  the  Anderson  Furni- 
ture Company  with  which  he  continued  until  the  harvest  season  of  1902,  when 
in  order  to  obtain  further  experience  in  affairs  of  life,  he  put  in  a  season  at 
harvesting.  In  November,  1902,  he  returned  to  British  Columbia  and  accepted 
a  position  as  bookkeeper  with  the  Thompson  Stationery  Company  and  later 
became  secretary.  In  May,  1909,  together  with  M.  J.  Gaskell  and  Albert  Sta- 
bler he  purchased  the  business  of  the  Thompson  Stationery  Company.  A  year 
later  this  syndicate  bought  out  the  business  of  Norman  Caple  &  Company  on 
Granville  street  in  Vancouver  and  organized  the  Gaskell-Odlum-Stabler,  Ltd. 
They  also  purchased  the  business  of  Thomas  Todhunter  in  New  Westminster 
and  opened  a  fourth  store  on  Main  street.  In  January,  1911,  Messrs.  Gaskell 
and  Odium  bought  the  interests  of  Mr.  Stabler  and  changed  the  name  to  Gas- 
kell-Odlum,  Stationers,  Limited.  Mr.  Odium  was  continuously  connected  with  the 
business  until  1912,  when  he  sold  his  half  interest  to  his  partner.  In  the 
meantime  the  enterprise  had  become  one  of  mammoth  proportions,  the  firm 
ranking  among  the  foremost  in  their  line  in  the  province.  Their  business 
connections  covered  a  wide  territory  and  their  annual  sales  reached  a  large 
figure.  Since  1912  Mr.  Odium  has  engaged  in  no  active  business  but  is  too 
young  to  be  considered  retired.  At  the  present  time  his  attention  is  given  to 
the  supervision  of  his  fine  home — a  property  of  which  he  has  every  reason  to 
be  proud.  Upon  his  grounds  is  to  be  seen  the  highest  flagstaff  in  British  Col- 
umbia and  during  the  recent  visit  of  his  royal  highness,  the  Duke  of  Connaught, 
a  salute  was  signalled  from  this  flagstaff,  the  banner  bearing  the  words  "We 
salute  you,"  as  the  Duke  rode  under  it.  Later  Mr.  Odium  received  a  note 
from  the  Duke  expressing  his  thanks  for  the  courtesy  and  honor  paid  him. 

In  September,  1905,  Mr.  Odium  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Gertrude 
Williamson,  a  daughter  of  C.  and  Rachel  Williamson,  of  1275  Burrard  street. 
They  have  two  children,  Charles  Edward  and  Harold  Eustace.  Mr.  Odium  is 
a  member  of  the  Methodist  church  and  prominent  and  active  in  the  various 
lines  of  church  and  Sunday  school  work  for  nineteen  years.  He  was  president 
of  the  Epworth  League  in  Lucknow  and  in  Woodstock  and  for  four  years  has 
occupied  the  same  position  in  Vancouver.  In  politics  he  is  imperial  in  prin- 
ciple. He  is  a  man  of  domestic  taste,  preferring  his  home  to  club  life,  and 
he  has  no  difficulty  in  profitably  using  his  time,  even  when  unengaged  in  busi- 
ness affairs.  He  has  done  much  writing  for  various  papers  and  magazines 
under  a  nom  de  plume  and  is  well  informed  concerning  all  current  topics  and 
significant  questions. 


SAMUEL  ARTHUR  CAWLEY,  M.  P. 

Samuel  Arthur  Cawley,  member  of  the  provincial  parliament,  a  pioneer  in 
the  province  and  one  of  the  most  extensive  real-estate  dealers  in  Chilliwack,  was 
born  in  Brant  county,  Ontario,  November  29,  1858,  a  son  of  Samuel  and  Isabella 
(Falconer)  Cawley.  He  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
section  and  there  remained  until  he  had  reached  the  age  of  nineteen  years,  when 
he  came  to  British  Columbia  by  way  of  San  Francisco,  landing  in  the  province 
ten  years  before  the  first  railroad  had  been  constructed  through  it.  He  was 
truly  a  pioneer  in  the  agricultural  development  of  this  part  of  Canada  and  one 
of  the  great  forces  in  the  promotion  of  the  growth  of  British  Columbia  along  this 
line,  earning  by  his  earnest  and  sturdy  work  a  place  among  the  true  upbuilders. 
He  bought  four  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  wild  land,  upon  which  he  turned  the 
first  furrow,  and  gradually  developed  from  it  a  modern  and  productive*  farm, 
building  upon  the  property  an  attractive  home,  all  necessary  barns  and  outbuild- 
ing and  installing  modern  machinery.  In  1890,  however,  he  turned  his  attention 
from  farming  to  commercial  pursuits,  establishing  himself  in  the  hardware  busi- 
ness in  Chilliwack,  and  he  remained  in  this  occupation  until  1900,  when  he  began 


SAMUEL  A.  CAWLEY 


631 

buying  and  selling  real-estate.  He  is  a  progressive  and  wide-awake  business 
man,  of  known  reliability  and  tried  integrity,  and  the  success  which  has  come  to 
him  is  but  the  just  reward  of  his  industry  and  good  management. 

On  the  24th  of  October,  1882,  Mr.  Cawley  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Reeves,  of  Norfolk  county,  Ontario,  and  they  became  the  parents  of  four  chil- 
dren :  Maude,  who  married  Robert  Carmichael,  of  Chilliwack ;  and  Ethel,  Elwyn 
and  Doris. 

It  is  not  alone  in  business  circles,  however,  that  Mr.  Cawley  has  gained 
prominence  and  made  his  influence  felt  as  a  force  in  development,  for  he  is 
known  as  one  of  the  men  who  best  represent  the  highest  ideals  and  standards 
of  the  public  life  of  the  province.  He  gained  recognition  first  in  city  politics 
when  he  was  made  clerk  of  the  municipality,  an  office  which  he  held  for  fifteen 
consecutive  years,  prior  to  the  incorporation  of  the  city.  He  was  the  first 
mayor  of  Chilliwack  and  was  twice  elected  to  this  position  by  acclamation.  In 
1909  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  provincial  parliament  on  the  conservative 
ticket  and  he  has  since  continued  in  this  office,  adhering  in  the  discharge  of  his 
public  duties  to  high  ideals  of  political  conscientiousness  and  to  standards  of 
action  which  are  above  reproach. 


RICHARD  KNOX  WALKEM. 

On  the  roll  of  Vancouver's  barristers  whose  records  are  creditable  to  the 
profession  and  who  conform  their  practice  to  its  highest  ethics  appears  the 
name  of  Richard  Knox  Walkem,  one  of  the  younger  but  also  one  of  the  suc- 
cessful members  of  the  bar.  He  was  born  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  May  23,  1880, 
and  is  a  son  of  Richard  Thomas  Walkem,  K.  C.,  D.  C.  L.,  who  has  been  chan- 
cellor of  the  diocese  of  Ontario  and  past  grand  master  of  the  grand  lodge  of 
Masonry  of  Canada.  The  mother  bore  the  maiden  name  of  Emily  Anne  Hen- 
derson and  both  were  natives  of  Ontario.  In  Kingston,  Ontario,  Richard  T. 
Walkem  practiced  his  profession  throughout  his  entire  life  and  was  acknowledged 
the  peer  of  the  ablest  members  of  the  bar  of  that  province.  He  was  the  brother 
of  Hon.  George  A.  Walkem,  at  one  time  premier  of  British  Columbia. 

After  attending  the  public  schools  Richard  Knox  Walkem  became  a  student 
in  Queen's  University  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  where  he  completed  the  arts  course 
and  won  the  degree  of  B.  A.  in  1902.  He  then  came  to  Vancouver  and  entered 
upon  the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of  Sir  Charles  H.  Tupper.  In  the  spring  of 
1905  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  and  immediately  afterward 
he  engaged  in  active  practice.  About  that  time  W.  E.  Burns  and  Harold  M. 
Daly,  who  had  hitherto  been  associated  in  practice,  dissolved  their  partnership 
and  Mr.  Walkem  joined  the  former  under  the  firm  name  of  Burns  &  Walkem, 
which  association  has  since  been  maintained.  This  is  an  age  of  specialization 
and  Mr.  Walkem,  in  accordance  with  the  spirit  of  the  age,  has  devoted  much 
of  his  attention  to  commercial  law,  in  which  branch  of  the  profession  he  is 
well  versed  and  extremely  capable.  He  is  president  of  the  Vancouver  Machinery 
Depot  and  also  interested  in  other  financial  enterprises  and  business  under- 
takings, which  indicate  his  ability  in  other  lines  aside  from  his  profession. 

Mr.  Walkem  is  also  well  known  in  the  field  of  sports.  While  in  college  he 
played  on  Queen's  University  hockey  team  when  they  held  the  championship 
of  Ontario  and  the  Inter-Collegiate  championship  of  America.  He  also  played 
on  first  fifteen  Rugby  team  for  three  years  and  during  one  year  of  that  period 
the  team  won  the  Inter-Collegiate  championship  of  Canada.  He  has  also  been 
very  active  in  yachting  circles  and  since  coming  to  Vancouver  has  been  constantly 
connected  with  that  sport  here.  He  won  the  International  Long  Distance  Cruis- 
ing championship  held  on  the  Pacific  coast  in  1910  and  1912.  In  the  latter  year 
he  was  commodore  of  the  Pacific  International  Power  Boat  Association.  He 


632  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

belongs  to  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Club  and  also  holds  membership  in  the 
Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf  Club  and  the  Vancouver  Club. 

Mr.  Walkem  served  for  several  years  as  a  private  and  noncommissioned 
officer  in  the  Fourteenth  Prince  of  Wales  Own  Rifles  of  Kingston,  Ontario. 
His  political  support  is  given  the  conservative  party  and  he  is  active  in  its 
ranks.  He  belongs  to  the  Conservative  Club  and  on  one  occasion  did  cam- 
paigning for  Hon.  Carter  Cotton.  He  hold  membership  in  Christ  Episcopal 
church. 

On  the  ist  of  March,  1913,  Mr.  Walkem  was  married  to  Miss  Eleanore 
Ruby  Rudolf,  of  Vancouver,  and  they  returned  in  June  on  the  new  Empress 
of  Russia  on  her  maiden  voyage  to  Vancouver  from  a  four  months'  tour  of 
the  world.  They  are  well  known  in  the  social  circles  of  the  city  and  the  number 
of  their  friends  is  almost  equal  to  the  number  of  their  acquaintances. 


HENRY  EDWIN  WALLER. 

Henry  Edwin  Waller,  proprietor  of  sales  stables  at  Vancouver,  was  born 
July  29,  1869,  at  Tillsonburg,  Ontario,  a  son  of  Lancelot  and  Mary  Waller.  The 
father  conducted  an  implement  and  stock  business  at  Tillsonburg  for  a  long 
period.  He  was  born,  reared  and  educated  in  Canada  and  spent  his  entire  life 
in  the  Dominion.  The  son  was  a  pupil  in  the  common  schools  of  Tillsonburg 
and  also  attended  a  business  college  there.  After  completing  his  studies  he  went 
to  Manitoba,  locating  at  Carberry,  where  he  engaged  in  the  cattle  business  and 
also  conducted  a  sales  stable.  The  year  of  his  arrival  there  was  1887  and  he 
remained  continuously  at  that  point  until  1911,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver  and 
bought  the  Empress  stables.  He  conducts  a  general  sales  business  and  also 
maintains  a  livery  stable.  The  sales  stables  are  reputed  to  be  the  largest  in 
Vancouver  and  his  business  has  assumed  extensive  proportions.  He  is  spoken 
of  in  high  terms  and  during  the  short  period  of  his  residence  here  has  become 
popular  and  has  built  up  a  good  business. 

Mr.  Waller  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  lodge  of  Carberry,  and  his  religious 
faith  is  that  of  the  Church  of  England.  He  votes  with  the  conservative  party 
but  does  not  seek  nor  desire  office.  When  he  has  time  for  recreation  he  usually 
finds  it  in  driving  or  in  hunting. 

On  the  1 7th  of  November,  1891,  Mr.  Waller  was  married  to  Miss  Winifred 
Walker,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Elizabeth  Walker,  of  Branfort,  Ontario. 
They  reside  at  No.  1856  Venables  street.  Mr.  Waller  is  a  self-made  man,  for 
the  success  he  has  achieved  is  the  direct  reward  of  his  persistent  and  capably 
directed  efforts. 


GEORGE  KENNEDY. 

The  name  of  George  Kennedy  is  inseparably  connected  with  the  history  of 
journalism  in  British  Columbia,  where  for  a  period  of  twelve  years  with  the  lev- 
erage of  the  paper  in  which  he  was  interested,  the  daily  and  weekly  Columbian, 
he  was  one  of  the  dominating  factors  in  the  newspaper  world  of  the  province 
and  as  such  an  influence  upon  political,  business,  social  and  economic  life.  There 
is  perhaps  no  struggle  in  modern  business  more  continued  or  more  important 
than  that  which  transpires  in  the  manifold  operations  which  furnish  men  with 
news.  The  power  of  the  press,  often  exploited,  has  never  yet  been  exaggerated, 
as  the  journalistic  career  of  George  Kennedy  goes  far  to  prove,  for  he  and 
his  two  brothers,  who  were  his  partners,  were  largely  instrumental  in  promoting 
and  directing  a  period  of  great  political  upheaval  and  development  in  British 
Columbia  during  which  questions  of  great  moment  and  of  incalculable  importance 


HENRY  E.  WALLER 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  635 

were  being  constantly  agitated.  Although  Mr.  Kennedy  has  now  retired  from 
journalism  the  influence  of  his  activities  is  still  felt  as  a  vital  force  in  news- 
paper circles  and  the  province  owes  to  his  courage,  his  steadfastness  and  aggres- 
siveness a  debt  of  gratitude  that  can  never  be  fully  repaid. 

Mr.  Kennedy  is  one  of  New  Westminster's  most  progressive  and  successful 
native  sons,  his  birth  having  occurred  August  11,  1859,  his  father  being  the  late 
James  Kennedy,  of  whom  further  mention  is  made  elsewhere  in  this  work. 
Mr.  Kennedy  of  this  review  was  educated  by  his  father  and  in  the  excellent 
schools  of  his  native  city,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  his  sixteenth  year. 
He  immediately  afterward  turned  his  attention  to  journalism  and  he  followed 
this  vocation  in  various  capacities  on  the  Pacific  coast  for  about  ten  years  there- 
after. In  the  spring  of  1888  he  formed  a  partnership  with  his  two  brothers, 
James  M.  and  Robert  Kennedy,  also  trained  and  expert  newspaper  men,  and 
they  established  the  firm  of  Kennedy  Brothers,  publishers  of  the  daily  and  weekly 
Columbian  of  New  Westminster,  which  they  purchased  from  a  company  of  which 
the  late  Hon.  John  Robson,  premier  of  British  Columbia,  was  the  founder  and 
a  leading  member.  This  paper  continued  under  their  control  for  twelve  eventful 
years  thereafter,  during  which  it  was  a  dominating  factor  in  the  making  of 
provincial  history,  advocating  in  its  columns  all  progressive  and  constructive 
movements  and  fighting  fearlessly  and  continuously  for  the  principles  for  which 
it  stood.  The  Columbian  was  especially  prominent  in  the  struggle  for  fair  rep- 
resentation in  every  part  of  the  province  and  in  the  question  of  just  sectional 
distribution  of  revenue,  a  thing  which  had  been  denied  under  the  unfair  system 
of  representation  then  maintained.  From  this  struggle  grew  the  almost  equally 
important  question  of  land  and  railway  policies  devised  with  a  view  to  conserv- 
ing what  was  left  of  the  public  domain  and  safeguarding  the  public  interests 
and  these  were  also  taken  up  and  battled  for  by  the  Kennedy  brothers  in  the 
columns  of  their  increasingly  influential  paper.  The  most  impprtant  work  in 
which  the  paper  assisted,  however,  and  one  which  undoubtedly  had  the  most 
effect  upon  the  political  history  of  British  Columbia  was  the  foundation  and 
development  of  the  reform  party  and,  after  abuses  had  crept  in,  its  reorganiza- 
tion into  the  new  reform  party  which  effectually  held  the  balance  of  power 
between  several  contending  factions  until  a  thoroughly  fair  measure  of  repre- 
sentation was  evolved  from  the  peculiar  situation.  This  party,  under  the  leader- 
ship of  the  famous  Joseph  Martin,  was  also  instrumental  in  securing  for  New 
Westminster  city  and  district  the  construction  of  a  great  railway  and  traffic 
bridge  across  the  Eraser  river  at  New  Westminster  at  a  cost  of  over  a  million 
dollars.  This  work  completed,  the  reform  party  precipitated  another  general 
election,  the  results  of  which  showed  plainly  that  the  principles  and  measures 
for  which  the  Kennedy  brothers  had  so  long  waged  valiant  warfare  were  at 
last  secured.  The  Columbian,  as  may  readily  be  seen,  was  all  of  this  time  increas- 
ing in  influence.  It  had  at  its  head  not  only  trained  journalists  but  fearless  men, 
competent  politicians,  public-spirited  and  progressive  citizens,  men  who  used 
their  power  unsparingly  in  support  of  the  measures  in  which  they  believed.  The 
Kennedy  brothers  took  a  leading  part  with  their  paper  in  winning  at  the  Dominion 
general  election  of  1896  the  New  Westminster  Dominion  electoral  district  and 
the  province  generally  from  an  almost  unbroken  conservative  allegiance  to  the 
support  of  the  new  liberal  administration  of  Sir  Wilfred  Laurier,  who  was 
returned  to  power  for  the  first  time  in  the  elections  of  that  year.  A  great  deal 
of  their  important  work  owes  its  completion  to  the  straightforward  and  untiring 
work  of  the  Kennedy  brothers  in  the  columns  of  the  Columbian  and  in  this 
connection  may  be  mentioned  the  securing  of  the  annual  Provincial  Agricul- 
tural and  Industrial  Exhibition  for  which  New  Westminster  has  since  been 
famous.  The  Columbian  aided  with  its  support  the  promoters  of  the  highly  suc- 
cessful city  market  and  the  men  who  inaugurated  the  electric  light  system  and 
the  waterworks,  which  civic  enterprises  were  strongly  advocated  and  vigorously 
fought  for  by  the  Kennedy  brothers.  A  biographer  of  these  gentlemen,  writing 
in  1906,  says :  "The  history  of  the  Columbian  under  the  Kennedy  brothers  is,  in 


636  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

fact,  the  history  of  a  most  stirring  eventful,  overturning  as  well  as  reconstructive 
and  significant  epoch  in  the  annals  of  the  province  and  of  their  native  city.  Costly 
and  important  libel  suits  they  had  to  defend  more  than  once,  and  on  one  memor- 
able and  historic  occasion,  during  the  session  of  1891-92,  they  were  summoned 
before  the  bar  of  the  provincial  legislature  by  the  incensed  government  because 
of  some  unusually  vigorous  criticism  of  its  acts.  Defying  the  summons,  the 
arm  of  the  law  was  invoked,  and  sheriffs  and  deputies,  sergeants-at-arms  and 
provincial  police,  with  the  chief  at  their  head,  were  pressed  into  service  to 
bring  the  political  offenders  into  the  toils.  The  much-wanted  publishers  had  to 
take  refuge  south  of  the  international  boundary  for  two  weeks,  until  an  absent 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  returned  to  New  Westminster,  before  whom  habeas 
corpus  proceedings  could  be  taken  immediately  on  their  arrest.  They  returned 
voluntarily  as  soon  as  they  learned  the  judge  was  in  the  city,  and  were  at  once 
placed  under  arrest,  and  their  application  for  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus  being 
denied,  they  were  lodged  in  the  new  Westminster  jail  over  night,  on  the  next 
day  taken  to  Victoria  in  custody  of  the  chief  of  provincial  police  and  the  sergeant- 
at-arms,  and  brought  before  the  bar  of  the  house,  where,  refusing  to  apologize, 
but  maintaining  the  justice  of  their  criticisms,  they  were  thrust  into  the  jail 
at  Victoria.  The  most  eminent  legal  talent  of  the  province  was  retained  in  their 
behalf,  and  application  for  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus  was  made  before  another 
supreme  court  judge,  but  before  he  could  render  his  decision  the  astute  attorney 
general,  foreseeing  defeat,  had  the  legislature  prorogued,  thus  automatically 
releasing  the  incarcerated  newspaper  men,  and  the  judge  then  declined  to  give 
a  decision  since  it  could  have  no  effect.  The  attorney  general  afterwards  prom- 
ised to  have  a  test  case  submitted,  but  failed  to  do  so.  All  these  proceedings 
consumed  nearly  a  month,  during  which  the  legislature  was  kept  in  session, 
although,  when  the  episode  began,  its  work  was  practically  ended  for  that  session. 
After  the  summons  had  been  issued  and  defied,  the  government  also  introduced 
and  put  through  a  special  act  of  the  legislature,  endeavoring  to  fortify  them- 
selves with  the  power  which  they  feared  they  did  not  possess  when  they  found 
their  authority  defied.  But  even  with  this  special  act,  as  has  been  seen,  they  did 
not  abide  the  issue." 

The  Kennedy  brothers  sold  the  Columbian  in  the  spring  of  1900  to  its 
present  owners,  the  Columbian  Company,  Limited.  George  Kennedy  was  then 
offered  the  position  of  postmaster  of  New  Westminster,  succeeding  J.  C.  Brown, 
resigned,  and  he  soon  afterward  assumed  his  important  duties,  serving  creditably 
and  ably  for  ten  years  thereafter.  In  1910,  however,  he  retired,  and  has  since 
given  his  attention  to  the  management  of  his  extensive  financial  and  real-estate 
interests  in  the  city.  His  record  is  indeed  a  credit  to  a  name  which  his  father 
made  known  and  honored  in  this  part  of  the  Dominion  in  pioneer  times,  for 
his  influence  has  always  been  given  to  just  and  worthy  causes  and  his  courage, 
his  steadfastness  of  purpose,  his  ability  and  aggressiveness  have  been  always  used 
as  factors  in  a  great  and  lasting  work  of  public  service.  He  has  made  history 
in  this  province  and  his  name  swells  the  list  of  those  who  have  founded,  developed 
or  conserved  the  customs  and  institutions  upon  which  rests  the  permanent 
greatness  of  British  Columbia. 


JOHN  CALVIN  HENDERSON. 

Among  the  men  who  were  active  in  inaugurating  and  shaping  the  business 
development  of  Chilliwack  and  the  agricultural  progress  of  the  surrounding  sec- 
tion is  John  Calvin  Henderson,  living  retired  after  a  career  connected  closely 
with  business  and  farming  interests  of  this  vicinity  for  over  thirty-seven  years. 
He  was  born  in  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  April  27,  1847,  and  is  a  son  of  Arthur 
Cotter  and  Rebecca  Henderson,  the  former  an  architect  and  mill  owner.  He  is 
still  living  at  the  age  of  eighty-eight  years. 


JOHN  C.  HENDERSON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  639 

John  Calvin  Henderson  acquired  his  fundamental  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  Poughkeepsie,  New  York,  and  afterward  attended  Eastman's  College 
and  Military  Academy  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  accompanied  his  parents 
to  Kansas,  where  he  engaged  in  the  operation  of  a  flour  and  a  sawmill.  In  the 
fall  of  1876  he  came  with  his  parents  to  British  Columbia  and  here  he  formed 
a  partnership  with  Captain  John  Irving,  in  the  conduct  of  a  general  store  at  the 
Chilliwack  landing.  He  afterward  purchased  the  interest  of  Captain  Irving  and 
took  his  brother  into  partnership,  building  up  a  large  and  lucrative  enterprise 
which  became  an  important  factor  in  the  commercial  development  of  the  city. 
Mr.  Henderson  has  the  distinction  of  having  established  the  first  shoe,  tinware 
and  hardware  shop  in  the  Chilliwack  valley  and  he  also  installed  the  first  hay 
scales  ever  used  here.  He  brought  the  first  carload  of  furniture  and  the  first 
carload  of  nails  and  stoves  into  Chilliwack  and  for  a  number  of  years  was  prom- 
inently identified  with  its  industrial  and  commercial  interests.  About  1900  he 
disposed  of  his  store  and  turned  his  attention  to  the  raising  of  thoroughbred 
stock,  breeding  some  of  the  finest  cattle  and  horses  in  western  Canada.  He  con- 
tinued to  engage  in  this  line  of  business  until  1910,  when  he  sold  his  stock  and 
farm  and  retired  from  active  life,  having  earned  rest  and  leisure  by  industrious, 
well  directed  and  untiring  work  in  the  past. 

In  the  spring  of  1875  Mr.  Henderson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth 
Jane  Stephens,  a  daughter  of  Colonel  Richard  Stephens.  Mrs.  Henderson 
passed  away  about  the  year  1905,  leaving  two  sons  and  five  daughters,  and  five 
grandchildren.  Mr.  Henderson  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and 
gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party.  For  a  number  of  years 
he  has  taken  a  prominent  part  in  the  affairs  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows,  which  he  joined  in  1876,  acting  as  first  noble  grand  of  Excelsior  Lodge, 
No.  7.  He  is  connected  also  with  the  Canadian  Order  of  Foresters,  the  Wood- 
men of  the  World  and  the  Loyal  Order  of  Orange.  He  is  unquestionably  one  of 
the  best  known  citizens  of  Chilliwack,  for  he  has  resided  in  the  city  and  the 
vicinity  for  thirty-seven  years,  during  all  of  which  time  his  interests  have  been 
concentrated  along  lines  of  development  and  progress  and  his  activities  given 
only  to  worthy  and  progressive  causes.  He  has  witnessed  practically  the  entire 
growth  of  the  community  and  has  borne  an  active  part  in  the  work  of  upbuild- 
ing, making  his  individual  success  a  factor  in  general  development. 


JOSEPH  NEALON  ELLIS. 

In  the  thirteen  years  of  his  connection  with  the  bar  Joseph  Nealon  Ellis 
has  made  continuous  advancement,  realizing  at  the  outset  of  his  career  that 
wide  knowledge  of  the  law  and  individual  merit  are  the  indispensable  concomi- 
tants in  the  attainment  of  success.  He  was  born  July  25,  1875,  in  St.  John, 
New  Brunswick,  a  son  of  John  Valentine  and  Mary  Caroline  Ellis,  the  former 
editor  of  the  St.  John  Globe  and  also  a  member  of  the  Canadian  senate. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  Joseph  N.  Ellis  pursued  his  early 
education  and  afterward  entered  Kings  College  of  Nova  Scotia,  in  which  he  com- 
pleted his  law  course  with  the  class  of  1900,  winning  the  degree  of  B.  C.  L. 
Before  entering  upon  the  study  of  law,  however,  he  devoted  several  years  to 
newspaper  work  and  then  determined  to  enter  upon  the  profession  to  which 
he  has  since  given  his  attention.  He  was  called  to  the  bar  of  New  Brunswick  in 
1900  and  began  practice  there,  but  in  the  following  year  determined  to  come 
to  Vancouver,  where  he  engaged  in  practice  until  1902.  He  was  then  joined 
in  a  partnership  relation  by  William  C.  Brown  and  under  the  style  of  Ellis 
&  Brown  they  have  since  engaged  in  general  law  practice,  making  an  excellent 
record  in  this  connection  through  the  careful  preparation  of  cases,  cogent  reason- 
ing and  clear  and  forceful  presentation  of  the  cause  before  the  courts.  Aside 


640  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

from  his  activity  as  a  member  of  the  legal  profession,  Mr.  Ellis  is  a  director 
in  the  British  Columbia  Life  Assurance  Company  of  Vancouver. 

Pleasantly  situated  in  his  home  relations,  Mr.  Ellis  was  married  December 
i,  1900,  to  Miss  Maude,  daughter  of  A.  and  Catherine  Ellis,  a  representative 
of  an  old  family  of  Port  Hope,  Ontario.  They  attend  the  Anglican  church.  Mr. 
Ellis  is  a  prominent  member  of  the  Canadian  Club,  of  which  he  is  a  past 
president.  He  also  is  a  director  of  the  Arts,  Historical  and  Scientific  Associa- 
tion of  Vancouver  and  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Club,  the  Terminal  City 
Club  and  the  Country  Club.  In  politics  he  is  a  Liberal  and  was  a  candidate  on 
the  party  ticket  for  the  local  house  in  1912  but  was  defeated.  He  is  interested 
in  the  vital  political  problems  and  other  important  questions  of  the  day,  seeking 
ever  the  public  welfare  along  lines  of  general  development  and  improvement. 
He  possesses  the  spirit  of  enterprise  which  has  been  the  dominant  factor  in  bring- 
ing most  of  the  citizens  to  the  west  and  has  gained  a  place  among  the  repre- 
sentative men  who  are  the  important  factors  in  the  upbuilding  of  this  section 
of  the  country. 


GEORGE  GORDON. 

After  a  long  and  resultant  career,  rich  in  labor  and  also  rich  in  achievement, 
and  largely  devoted  to  the  milling  industry  and  to  farming,  George  Gordon  now 
lives  retired  in  New  Westminster,  having  become  one  of  its  substantial  citizens 
in  May,  1912.  A  native  of  Scotland,  he  has  inherited  the  characteristic  traits 
of  the  nation,  thrift,  energy  and  industry,  and  has  put  them  to  good  use  in 
attaining  his  goal.  He  was  born  in  Caithnesshire  in  1844,  a  son  of  George  and 
Ellen  (MacKenzie)  Gordon,  both  descendants  of  royal  clans  of  Scotland.  In 
their  families  were  many  men  of  prominence  who  actively  participated  in  the 
public  life  of  the  nation.  There  might  be  much  written  about  George  Gordon, 
Sr.,  for  he  was  a  sergeant  of  the  famous  Ninety-third  Regiment  which  was 
after  his  discharge  in  the  West  Indies  known  as  the  "thin  red  line"  in  the  Crimean 
war  of  which  history  tells  us  so  much.  The  family  in  the  early  history  of  Scot- 
land came  from  Germany  and  the  name  was  then  spelled  Gourdon,  founding  one 
of  the  strongest  clans  of  the  northern  kingdom.  In  1857  the  father  came  to 
Canada  with  his  family,  locating  in  Middlesex  county,  Ontario,  where  he  en- 
gaged at  various  times  in  shoemaking  and  farming.  Subsequently  he  moved 
to  Elgin  county,  that  province,  where  he  passed  away  at  the  ripe  old  age  of 
seventy-seven  years. 

George  Gordon  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Scotland  and  in  the 
country  schools  of  Ontario,  Canada.  Shortly  after  coming  to  the  Dominion 
he  began  at  an  early  age  his  apprenticeship  to  the  miller's  trade,  being  so  en- 
gaged in  Middlesex  county,  Ontario,  in  1859.  In  1862,  when  but  eighteen  years 
of  age,  he  was  given  charge  of  the  mill  at  Strathroy,  Ontario,  remaining  in  that 
connection  for  more  than  ten  years.  He  then  removed  to  St.  Thomas,  Elgin 
county,  where  he  spent  a  short  time,  and  thence  to  Petrolia,  Ontario,  where  he 
operated  a  flour  and  feed  store  for  about  three  years.  At  that  time  occurred  the 
most  important  event  of  his  life,  his  marriage  to  Miss  Isabella  Grant,  the  date  of 
his  wedding  being  September  4,  1872.  She  is  a  native  of  Euphemia  township, 
Lambton  county,  Ontario,  and  her  father  was  Marcus  Grant,  who  came  from 
Sutherlandshire,  Scotland,  to  the  Dominion,  being  a  member  of  prominent  clans 
of  his  country.  During  his  active  life  he  was  successfully  engaged-  in  farming. 
He  died  at  the  age  of  ninety-three  years.  Mrs.  Gordon's  maternal  grandparents 
were  Angus  Gunn  and  Janet  Mathewson,  who  came  to  Canada  on  the  day  fol- 
lowing their  marriage,  being  members  of  Lord  Selkirk's  Manitoba  colony. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gordon  had  eleven  children,  of  whom  eight  are  living,  five 
sons  and  three  daughters.  Those  deceased  are:  George  Marcus,  who  died  at 


GEORGE  GORDON 


MRS.  GEORGE  GORDON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  645 

the  age  of  thirty-two ;  Alexander  Alfred,  who  passed  away  when  two  months  of 
age;  and  Grant,  who  died  in  infancy.  The  eight  living  children  are:  John,  of 
whom  more  extended  mention  is  made  on  another  page  of  this  work ;  Christina 
Ellen,  who  married  George  Lyon  Clarke,  of  the  state  of  Washington ;  Isabella  L., 
the  wife  of  William  Greig,  of  Chilliwack;  Sutherland  G.,  who  resides  on  his 
farm  near  Crescent  Beach;  Lillian  M.,  who  remains  with  her  parents;  Guthrie 
Carlyle,  an  engineer ;  and  Alexander  Gunn  and  David  McKenzie,  both  residents 
of  this  province. 

In  1875  George  Gordon  returned  to  St.  Thomas,  Ontario,  and  bought  the 
flourmill  in  which  he  had  formerly  been  an  employe.  He  operated  this  mill 
successfully  for  six  years,  when  he  sold  out  and  removed  to  Napier,  where  he 
had  charge  of  a  mill  for  four  years.  He  then  purchased  a  mill  at  Indian  Rapids, 
Bruce  county,  Ontario,  devoting  his  labors  to  the  operation  of  this  enterprise 
for  eleven  years.  Selling  out,  he  came  in  1895  to  British  Columbia,  where  he 
spent  one  year  in  Victoria,  taking  up  during  that  period  government  land  in 
the  Surrey  municipality.  His  claim  comprised  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  and 
he  lived  thereon  or  near  it  for  about  ten  years,  devoting  his  labors  ten  agricul- 
tural pursuits  with  ever  increasing  success.  Subsequently  he  acquired  a  title  to 
a  farm  at  Port  Kells,  there  making  his  home  for  six  years,  but  in  May,  1912, 
sold  it  and  has  since  lived  in  retirement  in  New  Westminster  in  the  enjoyment 
of  a  comfortable  competence,  the  result  of  many  strenuous  years  of  toil. 

Public-spirited  and  progressive,  Mr.  Gordon  takes  part  in  all  movements  of  a 
public  nature  undertaken  in  the  interests  of  the  general  welfare.  He  gives  his 
allegiance  to  the  conservative  party.  Fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  Petrolia 
Lodge,  No.  194,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  Royal  Arch  chapter  at  St.  Thomas,  Ontario. 

Mr.  Gordon  is  quite  proud  of  a  letter  which  was  sent  him  by  direction  of  the 
emperor  of  Japan  on  account  of  a  number  of  kindnesses  which  he  extended  to 
two  of  the  emperor's  subjects  in  British  Columbia.  In  recognition  of  this  serv- 
ice he  received  a  document  written  at  the  direct  instance  of  the  emperor  and 
expressing  His  Majesty's  thanks  for  the  courtesies  shown  his  subjects. 

The  career  of  Mr.  Gordon  is  proof  of  the  fact  that  where  there  is  a  will 
there  is  a  way  and  his  achievements  are  the  more  creditable  as  they  have  been 
brought  about  entirely  by  his  own  efforts.  He  has  been  readily  welcomed  in  the 
community  of  New  Westminster,  his  fellow  citizens  quickly  recognizing  in  him 
a  man  of  substantial  qualities  and  a  valuable  addition  to  the  city. 


HAROLD  MACKENZIE  DEWAR. 

Harold  Mackenzie  Dewar,  of  the  British  Columbia  Leather  Company,  Ltd.,  of 
Vancouver,  has  a  wide  acquaintance  that  is  largely  the  result  of  constantly  devel- 
oping trade  relations.  He  was  born  in  Hamilton,  Ontario,  August  30,  1877, 
a  son  of  Alexander  Lowrie  and  Grace  (Mackenzie)  Dewar.  The  father,  a  native 
of  Glasgow,  Scotland,  was  a  son  of  Plummer  and  Eliza  (Kemp)  Dewar,  who 
came  to  Canada  in  the  '503  and  settled  at  Hamilton,  Ontario.  Alexander  L. 
Dewar  has  been  engaged  in  the  banking  business  throughout  his  entire  life  and 
as  a  financier  is  well  known  throughout  Canada,  England  and  the  United  States. 
Beginning  as  a  clerk  in  the  Bank  of  British  North  America  at  Hamilton,  Ontario, 
in  1868,  he  was  stationed  at  Hamilton,  Montreal,  Quebec  and  New  York  city  until 
1874,  when  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Canadian  Bank  of  Commerce  and  was 
stationed  at  Montreal,  Toronto,  St.  Catharines,  Woodstock  and  Chicago  until 
1894.  He  was  then  connected  with  promotion  projects  until  1908  and  financed 
street  railways  in  Chicago  and  promoted  the  Central  London  Tube  Railway.  He 
came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  in  1908  and  organized  the  Bank  of  Van- 
couver of  which  he  is  still  the  president. 

Harold  Mackenzie  Dewar  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Chicago  and 
in  189^  entered  the  employ  of  his  father  in  the  banking  and  brokerage  business 

Vol.  Ill— 22 


646  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

in  that  city,  in  which  he  continued  until  1910,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia, 
settling  in  Vancouver,  where  in  an  association  with  R.  B.  Francis,  he  purchased 
the  business  of  the  British  Columbia  Leather  Company,  Ltd.,  in  which  he 
has  since  continued.  The  firm  are  importers  and  jobbers  of  shoe  store  sup- 
plies, leather  and  shoe  findings,  trunks,  bags  and  traveling  goods,  and  are  manu- 
facturers of  leather  trunks,  suit  cases  and  leather  specialties.  With  notable 
energy,  enterprise  and  alert,  wide-awake  methods,  these  two  young  men  have 
grasped  and  mastered  every  phase  of  the  business  and  extended  their  trade  to 
all  parts  of  western  Canada.  Their  interests  are  constantly  developing  and 
they  utilize  the  most  progressive  commercial  methods,  keeping  in  touch  with 
the  trend  of  the  times  in  every  particular. 

On  the  3Oth  of  July,  1907,  in  Chicago,  Mr.  Dewar  was  married  to  Miss 
Daisy  Francis,  a  daughter  of  George  F.  Francis  of  that  city,  and  they  have 
become  well  known  during  their  residence  in  Vancouver.  Mr.  Dewar 
is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity  and  also  of  the  Modern  Woodmen 
of  America.  He  is  ambitious  and  energetic  and  in  his  business  career  has  brooked 
no  obstacles  that  could  be  overcome  by  determined,  persistent  and  honorable 
effort. 


CAPTAIN  RICHARD  H.  BAKER. 

Captain  Richard  H.  Baker  was  born  in  Dartmouth,  England,  December  5, 
1848,  and  entered  the  British  navy  at  an  early  age.  He  first  served  on 
the  H.  M.  S.  Edgar  in  the  Mediterranean  and  later  on  H.  M.  S.  Zealous,  on 
which  vessel  he  came  to  the  Pacific  coast  in  1865.  In  1868,  on  H.  M.  S.  Topaze, 
he  visited  Juan  Fernandez  island,  off  the  coast  of  Chile,  and  the  ship's  company 
erected  a  monument  to  Alexander  Selkirk,  who  was  shipwrecked  on  the  island 
and  lived  there  alone  for  four  years  and  four  months.  The  book  "Robinson 
Crusoe"  was  written  as  a  sequel  to  this  man's  experiences.  In  1870  Captain 
Baker  purchased  his  discharge  from  the  royal  navy  and  remained  ashore  for  a 
year  at  Victoria,  British  Columbia.  It  may  be  mentioned  here  that  he  first 
came  to  the  coast  by  way  of  Cape  Horn  and  returned  in  two  years  through  the 
straits  of  Magellan,  coming  back  again  also  immediately  by  the  isthmus  of 
Panama  route.  This  was  prior  to  the  time  when  he  purchased  his  discharge 
from  the  royal  navy.  He  then  began  running  as  engineer  and  was  for  five 
years  in  the  tugs  "Sea  Foam,"  "Chinaman,"  "Lottie,"  and  "Leonora,"  a  Moody- 
ville  and  Vancouver  ferry-boat.  He  was  next  second  assistant  engineer  on  the 
tug  "Etta  White"  for  a  few  months  and  then  fitted  up  the  machinery  for  a 
cannery  and  the  Royal  City  Mills.  He  remained  with  the  mill  company  for 
eight  years,  running  as  engineer  on  the  tugs  "Stella,"  "Lillie,"  "Gypsy"  and 
"Belle"  and  as  master  of  the  tug  "Comet."  In  February,  1892,  he  left  the 
employ  of  that  company  and  organized  the  Lower  Fraser  River  Transportation 
Company,  composed  of  Joseph  B.  Oliver,  D.  Hennessy,  Captain  Holman  and 
himself.  They  began  with  the  steamer  "Telephone,"  a  stern-wheeler,  but  soon 
found  her  too  small  for  the  business  and  a  year  later  built  the  stern-wheel 
steamer  "Edgar."  In  1898  this  vessel  was  destroyed  by  fire  in  the  big  confla- 
gration in  New  Westminster  on  September  loth.  The  large  stern-wheel  steamer 
"Ramona"  was  then  purchased  to  take  care  of  the  extensive  trade  that  had  been 
worked  up  between  Steveston,  Ladner  and  New  Westminster.  This  vessel  he 
commanded  for  two  years  and  then  resigned  and  entered  the  employ  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Company,  serving  as  master  on  the  steamers  "R.  P. 
Rithet,"  now  named  "Bramba"  and  "Transfer." 

On  the  2 ist  of  October,  1877,  at  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  Captain  Baker 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Laura  Hamilton,  who  was  born  at  Brookfield, 
Colchester  county,  Nova  Scotia,  on  the  i6th  of  June,  1846.  She  made  her  way 
to  San  Francisco  in  1875  and  after  remaining  there  for  six  months  came  to 


CAPTAIN  RICHARD  H.  BAKER 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  649 

British  Columbia,  taking  the  steamer  "George  William  Elder"  to  Portland, 
thence  to  Tacoma  and  thence  to  Victoria.  Until  the  time  of  her  marriage  she 
resided  in  Moodyville  with  her  brother,  George  Hamilton,  one  of  the  pioneer 
Cariboo  miners.  The  Hamilton  family  can  trace  their  ancestry  back  to  the  year 
901  A.  D.  Unto  Captain  Baker  and  his  wife  were  born  three  children,  Frank, 
Kate  and  Edgar.  In  the  summer  of  1902  Captain  Baker  was  stricken  with  typhoid 
fever,  succumbing  to  that  dread  disease  on  the  2oth  of  June  of  that  year.  Fra- 
ternally he  was  identified  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  belong- 
ing to  New  Westminster  Lodge,  No.  3,  having  passed  through  all  the  chairs, 
He  was  also  a  past  grand  district  deputy  master  of  the  order  and  was  likewise 
identified  with  the  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen.  His  life  was  upright 
and  honorable  in  all  its  relations  and  commended  him  to  the  esteem  and  regard 
of  all  who  knew  him. 

Edgar  E.  Baker,  the  second  son  of  Captain  Baker,  was  born  in  New  West- 
minster on  the  2Oth  of  June,  1889,  and  acquired  his  education  in  the  graded  and 
high  schools  of  New  Westminster  and  is  also  a  graduate  of  the  Sprott-Shaw 
Business  University  of  Vancouver,  British  Columbia.  After  putting  aside  his 
text-books  he  spent  eighteen  months  in  the  office  of  the  Hastings  Sawmill  Com- 
pany at  Vancouver  and  subsequently  worked  in  the  offices  of  the  New  England 
Fish  Company  and  the  Canadian  Fishing  Company,  both  of  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia,  and  Ketchikan,  Alaska,  for  four  years  and  one  month.  He  was  next 
employed  in  the  freight  department  of  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Railway 
Company  for  a  year  and  then  entered  the  service  of  the  St.  Mungo  Canning 
Company,  with  which  he  has  since  remained  as  accountant,  proving  an  efficient 
and  valued  representative  of  the  concern  in  that  capacity. 

Mr.  Edgar  E.  Baker  is  a  young  man  of  pronounced  views  on  the  political  sit- 
uation and  strongly  opposed  Sir  Wilfred  Laurier's  reciprocity  proposals  of  1911 
with  the  United  States.  He  is  in  favor  of  Premier  Borden's  proposed  naval 
contribution  to  Great  Britain  in  1912-13.  Fraternally  he  is  identified  with  the 
Masons,  belonging  to  Mount  Hermon  Lodge,  No.  7,  of  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia.  He  is  likewise  a  member  of  Post  No.  4  of  the  Native  Sons  of  British 
Columbia  at  New  Westminster  and  Post  No.  3,  at  Vancouver,  which  he  joined 
in  1907  and  which  was  afterward  disbanded  but  reorganized  in  the  spring  of 
1913.  In  religious  faith  he  is  a  Baptist.  A  young  man  of  pleasing  personality 
and  engaging  disposition,  he  is  popular  in  social  circles  and  esteemed  wherever 
known. 


ANDREW  E.  LEES. 

Andrew  E.  Lees  is  spoken  of  in  terms  of  high  regard  throughout  Vancouver. 
His  genial  disposition  has  won  him  many  friends,  while  his  business  ability  placed 
him  in  a  position  that  now  enables  him  to  live  retired.  He  was  born  in  the  village 
of  Fallbrook,  near  Perth,  in  the  county  of  Lanark,  Ontario,  December  7,  1855, 
his  parents  being  William  and  Mary  (Play fair)  Lees.  The  founder  of  the 
family  in  America  was  William  Lees,  the  grandfather  of  A.  E.  Lees,  who  came 
from  Scotland  and  took  up  his  abode  in  Lanark  county,  where  he  followed 
farming  throughout  his  remaining  days.  It  was  upon  his  farm  there  that 
William  Lees  was  born  and  reared,  and  when  starting  out  in  business  life  on 
his  own  account  he  chose  an  occupation  with  which  he  had  become  familiar  in 
the  days  of  his  boyhood  and  youth.  In  connection  with  farming,  however,  he 
erected  and  operated  upon  his  land  a  flour  and  sawmill,  and  this  became  the 
nucleus  of  the  village,  which  growing  up  around  his  mill  became  known  as  Fall- 
brook.  Mr.  Lees  was  not  only  a  leading  business  man  of  the  community  but 
also  a  prominent  citizen  in  connection  with  public  affairs,  taking  an  active  part 
in  politics  as  a  conservative  and  doing  everything  in  his  power  to  promote  the 
growth  of  his  party  and  secure  its  success.  For  a  number  of  years  he  filled 


650  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

the  position  of  county  councillor,  was  also  reeve  of  the  township  of  Bathurst, 
and  served  in  the  provincial  legislature  for  twelve  years.  His  entire  life  was 
spent  in  Lanark,  where  he  passed  away  February  2,  1903,  at  the  age  of  eighty- 
one  years.  In  the  maternal  line  Andrew  E.  Lees  is  descended  from  the  well- 
known  Playfair  family  of  Ontario,  established  on  this  continent  by  his  grand- 
father, Colonel  Andrew  W.  Playfair,  who  was  the  first  member  of  the  family  to 
visit  Canada.  He  was  born  in  Paris,  France,  in  1790,  was  educated  in  Edin- 
burgh, Scotland,  and  while  in  that  city  in  1806  responded  to  the  call  for  soldiers. 
Although  only  sixteen  years  of  age  he  left  school  and  entered  the  Thirty-second 
Regiment  as  ensign.  He  served  with  that  command  for  four  years  and  at  the  age 
of  twenty  was  gazetted  second  lieutenant  in  reward  for  service  rendered  his 
country  through  the  invention  of  a  firearm,  a  weapon  much  appreciated  by  the 
Duke  of  York  and  the  Spanish  Duke  de  Linfantardo.  In  1812,  as  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  One  Hundred  and  Fourth  Regiment,  Mr.  Playfair  went  to  St.  John, 
New  Brunswick.  He  was  later  offered  a  tract  of  several  hundred  acres  of  land 
if  he  would  become  one  of  the  community  of  the  military  settlement  at  Perth, 
which  was  then  being  organized.  He  accepted  the  offer  and  in  what  is  now  the 
county  of  Lanark,  near  the  town  of  Perth,  he  founded  the  village  of  Playfairville, 
there  establishing  saw,  grist  and  carding  mills.  He  wrote  a  score  or  more  arti- 
cles and  pamphlets  on  various  subjects,  but  usually  upon  matters  of  military 
importance,  and  thus  his  name  became  widely  known  to  the  reading  public.  In 
a  pamphlet  which  he  published  in  1852,  writing  on  the  question  of  a  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway,  he  made  a  prediction  to  the  effect  that  "the  time  was  not  far 
distant  when  a  man  could  sail  from  the  coast  of  Ireland,  land  at  Quebec,  and 
reach  the  Pacific  coast  by  way  of  a  transcontinental  railroad  in  ten  days."  This 
prediction,  which  was  then  considered  most  absurd,  has  long  since  been  ful- 
filled. On  the  loth  of  February,  1859,  he  delivered  to  the  Dominion  government 
at  Ottawa  a  lengthy  letter,  yet  tersely  put,  on  the  all-important  issue  then  at 
hand, — "the  seat  of  government," — in  which  he  severely  ridiculed  the  action 
of  the  government  for  asking  Her  Majesty,  The  Queen,  to  decide  upon  the  loca- 
tion of  the  seat  of  the  Dominion  parliament  and  then  questioning  the  wisdom  of 
her  decision.  The  letter  was  warmly  received  by  the  people,  causing  wide  and 
favorable  comment.  The  following  is  an  extract  from  that  letter: 

"In  this  safe  and  happy  position  we  will  see  with  the  rapidity  of  the  drama 
a  tremendous  chain  of  British  colonies  extending  from  the  Atlantic  to  the 
Pacific,  with  a  dense  population  in  the  rear,  developing  the  resources  of  that 
extensive  region  and  the  products  of  China  and  islands  of  the  Pacific  no  longer 
doubling  the  capes  but  coming  direct  on  British  territory  to  our  own  inland  seas 
to  be  carried  all  over  the  North  American  continent." 

Mr.  Playfair  was  no  less  strong  and  forceful  as  a  factor  in  the  moral  than 
he  was  in  the  material  and  political  development  of  his  district.  He  was  for 
forty  years  a  pillar  of  the  Methodist  church  and  many  times  filled  the  pulpit. 
On  the  i9th  of  June,  1810,  at  St.  Jude's,  Westminster,  he  married  Miss  Sophia 
Cherry.  He  died  September  i,  1868,  leaving  many  descendants. 

His  son,  John  Playfair,  occupied  the  old  family  homestead  and  was  also 
engaged  in  milling  and  farming.  He  married  and  had  a  son,  William,  who 
though  well  advanced  in  years  now  resides  at  Ancaster,  Ontario.  William  and 
Mary  (Playfair)  Lees  were  married  at  Playfairville,  Ontario,  in  June,  1844. 
The  latter  died  December  31,  1855,  leaving  four  children:  Sophia,  the  wife  of 
Senator  McLaren,  of  Perth,  Ontario;  Barbara,  who  resides  with  her  sister; 
William,  a  farmer  at  Pincher  Creek,  Alberta,  and  Andrew. 

The  last  named  was  educated  in  the  common  school  at  Fallbrook  and  in  the 
Belleville  (Ontario)  Commercial  College.  In  early  manhood  he  looked  after 
the  business  interests  of  his  father  and  his  time  was  largely  taken  up  by  public 
activities  and  duties.  In  1880,  however,  when  twenty-five  years  of  age,  Mr.  Lees 
left  home  and  came  to  British  Columbia.  He  stopped  first  at  Moodyville,  but 
as  he  found  no  work  there  he  continued  on  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  was 
employed  in  the  Royal  City  Mills.  There  he  remained  for  about  two  years  and 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  651 

then  went  to  East  Wellington,  on  Vancouver  island,  near  Nanaimo,  where  he 
leased  a  mill  on  a  year's  contract.  He  still  had  a  considerable  sum  of  money 
owing  to  him  by  the  Royal  City  Mills,  so  that  when  they  purchased  the  Nanaimo 
sawmill  about  that  time  he  took  stock  therein  to  the  full  amount  of  the  debt. 
Associated  with  him  in  this  mill  as  a  stockholder  and  also  representing  the 
interests  of  the  Royal  City  Mills  was  Andrew  Haslam.  They  conducted  the 
mill  together  for  a  short  time,  after  which  they  bought  out  the  remaining  interest 
of  the  Royal  City  Mills  and  became  sole  proprietors  of  the  Nanaimo  sawmill, 
which  they  conducted  together  with  substantial  success  until  1889.  Mr.  Lees 
then  sold  out  to  his  partner  and  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  engaged  actively 
in  the  real-estate  business  with  George  Dawson  under  the  name  of  Lees  & 
Dawson,  continuing  in  that  connection  for  about  two  years.  In  1891  he  bought 
an  interest  in  the  clothing  business  of  D.  J.  McLean  at  No.  26  Cordova  street, 
and  at  the  end  of  three  years  purchased  Mr.  McLean's  interest  and  successfully 
conducted  the  business  alone  until  1899,  when  he  was  joined  by  a  half  brother, 
George  Albert  Lees,  after  which  the  firm  was  conducted  under  the  style  of  A.  E. 
Lees  &  Company.  In  1900  he  moved  to  more  commodious  quarters  at  the 
corner  of  Cambria  and  Hastings  street.  In  January,  1909,  this  partnership  was 
dissolved,  George  A.  Lees  retiring  from  the  business,  and  when  in  the  spring  of 
1910  the  Bank  of  Vancouver  desired  to  purchase  the  site  of  his  store,  Andrew 
Lees  sold  out  to  them  and  retired  from  active  life.  His  industrial  and  commer- 
cial interests  and  his  profitable  speculations  in  Vancouver  real  estate  have 
brought  him  a  substantial  measure  of  success  which  now  permits  of  his  retirement 
without  recourse  to  further  business  activities,  his  financial  resources  being 
sufficient  to  supply  him  with  all  the  comforts  and  many  of  the  luxuries  of  life. 
On  the  7th  of  February,  1887,  in  Playfairville,  Ontario,  Mr.  Lees  was  married 
to  Miss  Anna  Elizabeth  Play  fair,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Elizabeth  (Mitchell) 
Playfair,  a  granddaughter  of  Colonel  Andrew  Playfair,  mentioned  earlier  in  this 
record.  Seven  children  were  born  of  this  marriage,  of  whom  three  are  living: 
William  Frederick,  now  in  the  clothing  store  of  Wray  &  McKee ;  Mary  Elizabeth ;. 
and  Jessie.  All  are  yet  under  the  parental  roof.  In  politics  Mr.  Lees  is  a  stanch 
conservative  and  since  1902  has  been  a  member  of  the  public  parks  board.  In. 
this,  as  in  other  connections,  he  displays  marked  loyalty  to  the  best  interests 
of  the  city  and  its  substantial  upbuilding  and  improvement.  He  belongs  to- 
Mount  Hermon  Lodge,  No.  7,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver,  and  in  his  life  has 
exemplified  the  beneficent  spirit  of  the  craft.  He  was  made  a  Mason  at  Nanaimo- 
twenty-nine  years  ago  and  is  a  past  master  of  the  lodge.  He  was  one  of  the 
first  members  of  the  Vancouver  Information  and  Tourist  Association,  now  the 
Progress  Club,  in  which  he  is  still  active,  and  the  rules  which  govern  his  conduct 
and  shape  his  life  are  further  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  is  a  member  of  the 
Wesley  Methodist  church.  His  career  has  been  characterized  by  a  progressive 
business  spirit,  by  honorable  action,  by  patriotism  and  loyalty  in  citizenship  and 
fidelity  in  friendship.  In  appearance  he  is  a  tall  slender  man,  possessing  a  genial 
disposition  and  kindly  spirit,  and  his  well  spent  life  and  attractive  persona! 
characteristics  have  gained  for  him  the  friendship  of  all  with  whom  he  has  come 
in  contact. 


DUDLEY  D.  HUTCHINSON. 

Dudley  D.  Hutchinson,  a  Vancouver  building  owner  who  has  found  the  real- 
estate  field  a  profitable  one  in  which  to  exercise  his  industry  and  ingenuity — his 
dominant  qualities — has  through  the  conduct  of  his  business  affairs  not  only 
promoted  his  own  success  but  has  also  contributed  largely  to  the  improvement 
of  the  city.  He  is  yet  a  young  man  with  probably  many  years  of  opportunity 
and  effort  before  him.  He  was  born  on  the  island  of  Barbados,  British  West 
Indies,  October  24,  1883,  and  is  a  son  of  James  Innes  and  Ida  (Brown)  Hutch- 


652  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

inson,  both  of  whom  were  residents  of  the  British  West  Indies,  the  father  being 
manager  of  an  extensive  sugar  plantation  in  Barbados,  where  he  and  his  wife 
spent  their  entire  lives. 

In  English  schools  there  D.  D.  Hutchinson  pursued  his  education  and  in 
March,  1900,  went  to  Winnipeg,  where  he  did  office  work  until  March,  1906.  In 
that  year  he  arrived  in  Vancouver  and  at  once  began  to  operate  in  real  estate, 
in  which  business  he  has  since  continued.  In  1909  he  built  the  Hutchinson 
block,  a  modern  eighty-story  office  building  at  No.  429  Fender  street,  West,  and 
in  1912  erected  a  modern  six-story  apartment  house  at  the  corner  of  Comox  and 
Cardera  streets,  known  as  "Grace  Court."  This  is  a  select  residence  district 
and  the  building  contains  twenty-five  four  and  five-room  apartments.  They 
are  strictly  modern  in  all  their  appointments,  with  built-in-beds,  dressing  table 
and  buffet.  Mr.  Hutchinson  now  gives  most  of  his  time  to  the  management 
of  his  property  holdings.  Through  his  purchase  and  sale  of  real  estate  he  has 
come  to  rank  with  the  substantial  men  of  Vancouver  and  well  deserves  his 
success,  as  it  has  followed  sound  judgment,  honorable  dealing  and  unfaltering 
enterprise. 

Mr.  Hutchinson  was  married  in  Vancouver,  on  the  ist  of  June,  1909,  to 
Miss  Ruby  Victoria  Steele,  a  daughter  of  Clarence  E.  Steele,  formerly  of  eastern 
Canada  but  now  a  resident  of  Vancouver,  and  they  make  their  home  at  Shaugh- 
nessy  Heights.  They  have  one  child,  Grace  Marian.  Mr.  Hutchinson  votes  with 
the  conservative  party  but  has  never  sought  nor  desired  political  office.  He 
was  lieutenant  of  the  Ninetieth  Winnipeg  Rifles  for  three  years  and  was  connected 
with  the  regiment  for  four  years.  His  military  service,  his  citizenship  and  his 
business  career  have  made  him  a  leading  citizen  of  Vancouver  and  a  typical 
resident  of  the  west — a  district  in  which  history  is  rapidly  being  made — as  a 
progressive  citizenship  uses  the  opportunities  offered  for  development  and  up- 
building. 


DAVID  WILLIAM  JOHNSTON. 

On  the  roster  of  city  officials  of  Kerrisdale  appears  the  name  of  David  Wil- 
liam Johnston,  a  young  man  of  great  ability  and  promise,  now  serving  in  a  credit- 
able and  able  way  as  municipal  engineer.  He  was  born  in  Ayr,  Scotland,  August 
21,  1882,  and  is  a  son  of  Joseph  and  Marie  (McFarland)  Johnston,  of  that  local- 
ity. He  acquired  his  early  education  in  Ayr  Academy  and  later  attended  Glas- 
gow Technical  College,  Glasgow,  Scotland,  after  which  he  became  mechanical 
engineer  in  the  employ  of  Napier  Brothers,  marine  engineers,  Hyde  Park  street, 
Glasgow.  After  remaining  with  them  for  six  months  he  was  articled  to  J.  and 
H.  V.  Eagleshen,  consulting  civil  engineers  and  architects  at  Ayr,  and  he  re- 
tained this  connection  for  five  years,  becoming  during  that  time  well  versed  in 
the  underlying  principles  of  his  profession  and  an  expert  practical  workman.  He 
then  entered  the  employ  of  John  Young,  A.  M.,  I.  C.  E.,  city  engineer  of  Ayr,  with 
whom  he  remained  until  1908,  when  he  moved  to  Canada,  locating  in  Victoria, 
British  Columbia,  where  for  six  months  he  was  associated  with  C.  H.  Topp, 
city  engineer,  on  the  proposed  Sooke  Lake  water  supply  project.  He  then  went 
to  New  Westminster  and  for  six  months  had  charge  there  of  the  office  of  H. 
Neville  Smith.  In  1908,  upon  the  incorporation  of  the  municipality  of  Point 
Grey,  he  became  municipal  city  engineer  and  this  office  he  still  holds.  Mr.  John- 
ston has  large  improvements  under  his  supervision  this  year,  included  in  which 
are  two  miles  of  paved  roads  and  ten  and  a  half  miles  of  sewer  construction, 
these  two  undertakings  alone  costing  the  municipality  five  hundred  and  thirty 
thousand  dollars.  He  is  considered  unusually  able  in  the  profession  to  which 
he  has  devoted  his  entire  active  career,  supplementing  excellent  training  by  prac- 
tical experience.  The  duties  of  his  present  office  are  discharged  promptly,  sys- 
tematically and  in  a  capable  manner  and  are  unquestionably  in  the  hands  of  a 


DAVID  \V.  JOHNSTON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  655 

man  who  is  not  only  an  expert  civil  engineer  but  also  a  reliable  and  far-sighted 
business  man. 

On  the  29th  of  April,  1911,  Mr.  Johnston  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Gertrude  Davidson,  of  Toronto,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  a  daugh- 
ter, Dorothy.  Mr.  Johnston  is  an  associate  member  of  the  Canadian  Society  of 
Civil  Engineers  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  Mount  Lebanon  Lodge,  A.  F. 
&  A.  M.,  of  Point  Grey,  the  first  Masonic  lodge  to  be  organized  in  that  munic- 
ipality. He  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party.  He  is  still 
a  young  man,  with  opportunity  before  him  to  advance  far  in  his  profession,  and 
the  future  undoubtedly  holds  for  him  important  accomplishments  along  that  line. 


EDWARD  BAILEY  PARKINSON. 

In  1886,  shortly  after  Vancouver  became  a  well  organized  community  and 
received  its  present  name,  Edward  Bailey  Parkinson  arrived  in  the  town  and 
since  that  time  has  remained  an  honored  and  respected  resident,  his  activities 
extending  to  many  fields,  but  being  concentrated  always  along  lines  of  progress 
and  improvement.  He  has  witnessed  and  borne  an  active  part  in  the  business 
development  of  the  city,  and  in  1893  became  identified  with  the  government 
service  in  the  department  of  inland  revenue,  a  connection  which  he  still  retains, 
being  now  collector  of  inland  revenue  for  the  division  of  Vancouver,  comprising 
all  the  mainland  of  British  Columbia.  He  has,  moreover,  taken  an  active  interest 
in  community  affairs  since  pioneer  times  and  may  well  be  numbered  among  the 
great  individual  forces  in  the  city's  growth,  his  public  spirit  uniting  with  his  knowl- 
edge, ability  and  enthusiasm  as  a  factor  in  the  useful  work  of  municipal  service. 
He  was  born  in  Lancashire,  England,  November  29,  1860,  and  is  a  son  of  Zach- 
ariah  and  Elizabeth  (Bailey)  Parkinson,  the  former  of  whom  was  for  many  years 
engaged  in  the  merchandise  business  in  Liverpool.  He  later  retired  from  that 
work  and  turned  his  attention  to  farming  at  Howick  Hall,  Preston,  Lancashire, 
following  this  occupation  until  his  death  in  1878. 

Edward  Bailey  Parkinson  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  Liverpool,  England,  and  afterward  attended  Liverpool  College.  After  he 
laid  aside  his  books  he  served  an  apprenticeship  of  four  years  as  a  sailor,  and 
having  completed  it  assisted  his  father  on  a  farm,  remaining  there  for  five  years 
after  the  latter's  death,  or  until  the  fall  of  1883,  when  he  emigrated  to  the 
United  States.  For  three  years  after  his  arrival  he  was .  variously  employed 
throughout  the  western  states,  and  then  in  September,  1886,  came  to  Van- 
couver, British  Columbia,  where  he  worked  at  different  occupations  with  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  being  at  one  time  checker  and  freight  handler,  but 
gradually  he  drifted  into  the  electrical  field.  He  was  employed  on  the  construc- 
tion of  the  city  lines  of  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Company  and  took  one 
of  the  first  cars  over  these  lines,  later  entering  the  office  of  the  company  as 
assistant  to  the  general  manager.  After  acting  in  that  capacity  for  two  years 
he  became  again  actively  connected  with  the  electrical  department,  aiding  in 
the  installation  of  the  interurban  lines  of  the  system  and  taking  out  the  first  car 
on  this  road.  Eventually  he  turned  his  attention  to  the  mercantile  business 
until  1893,  when  he  entered  the  Dominion  service  in  the  department  of  inland 
revenue,  beginning  thus  a  period  of  connection  with  this  department  which  has 
brought  him  continuous  advancement  and  well  deserved  honor.  He  began  as 
junior  clerk  and  was  promoted  through  various  positions  of  trust  and  responsi- 
bility until  in  1907  he  was  made  inland  revenue  collector,  a  capacity  in  which 
he  continues  to  the  present  time.  He  is  known  to  be  trustworthy,  reliable  and 
able  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  and  his  long  experience  in  this  department 
has  given  him  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  details  and  methods  of  procedure, 
so  that  his  work  is  accomplished  with  promptness  and  despatch  and  actuated 
always  by  the  utmost  regard  for  the  public  interests. 


656  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

On  the  I7th  of  February,  1895,  Mr.  Parkinson  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Elizabeth  Carlotta  Reed,  who  was  born  in  Cuba,  of  English  parentage,  a 
daughter  of  William  Reed,  a  pioneer  in  the  marine  engineering  service,  holding 
the  position  of  chief  engineer,  on  this  coast  and  in  other  parts  of  the  world, 
being  for  a  number  of  years  connected  with  the  Peninsular  &  Oriental  Steamship 
Company.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Parkinson  became  the  parents  of  five  children,  four 
of  whom  are  living,  as  follows:  Edward  Bailey,  Jr.,  Eric,  Richard  Kenneth 
and  Audrey  Constance. 

Fraternally  Mr.  Parkinson  is  a  member  of  Cascade  Lodge,  No.  12,  A.  F.  & 
A.  M.,  of  Vancouver,  the  Sons  of  Empire  and  the  Loyal  Orange  order.  He  has 
been  a  resident  of  the  city  for  over  twenty-seven  years  and  during  all  that 
period  his  activities  have  been  accounted  of  great  public  service.  For  eleven 
years  of  the  time  he  lived  in  the  suburb  of  Central  Park,  and  he  became  very 
prominent  in  the  civic  life  of  the  community  as  justice  of  the  peace,  joining  in 
the  organization  of  the  Central  Park  Agricultural  Association  and  Farmers  Insti- 
tute, of  which  he  was  president  for  a  number  of  years.  He  was  also  president 
and  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  trustees  of  Central  Park,  and  he  aided  in 
the  organization  of  St.  John's  Episcopal  church  and  in  the  construction  of  the 
church  building.  He  has  watched  Vancouver  develop  from  a  small  town  into 
a  populous  and  thriving  city,  has  seen  its  business  develop,  its  trade  relations 
extend,  its  public  institutions  grow,  and  he  has  borne  his  full  share  in  the  work 
of  upbuilding.  In  the  early  days  he  helped  to  lay  the  wooden  sewers  and 
sidewalks  of  Vancouver  and  assisted  in  building  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway 
wharf.  He  helped  to  clear  the  stumps  and  trees  from  Homer,  Richards,  Seymour, 
Howe,  Georgia  and  other  streets,  when  those  who  worked  on  this  undertaking 
still  lived  in  "shacks,"  and  small  was  the  compensation  for  such  work.  The 
phenomenal  development  of  the  city  has  bred  in  him  a  great  faith  in  its  future 
and  enthusiastic  belief  in  its  continued  growth,  and  he  confidently  expects  to 
see  the  time  when  Vancouver  is  the  first  city  on  the  Pacific  coast.  If  this  result 
is  accomplished  it  will  be  largely  owing  to  the  work  and  influence  of  men  like 
Mr.  Parkinson. 


WILLIAM  JAMES  SLOAN. 

The  valued  and  outstanding  characteristics  of  two  races  combine  toward  a 
successful  career  in  the  life  record  of  William  James  Sloan,  of  Scotch-Irish 
lineage,  a  man  gifted  with  the  quickness  of  perception,  versatility  and  readiness 
to  meet  any  emergency  peculiar  to  the  Irish  and  the  industry,  thrift  and  cool  judg- 
ment of  the  Scotch.  A  member  of  the  firm  of  Sloan  &  Harrison,  contractors 
and  builders,  he  occupies  a  foremost  position  in  New  Westminster  in  that  line  of 
endeavor  and  has  also  become  connected  with  other  important  industries,  his 
activities  along  various  lines  having  largely  contributed  to  the  growth  and  expan- 
sion of  the  city.  Born  in  Huntington  county,  Quebec,  on  January  5,  1872,  he  is  a 
son  of  Joseph  and  Jessie  (Small)  Sloan,  the  former  a  native  of  County  Antrim, 
Ireland,  born  in  the  town  of  Ballykilbeg,  and  the  latter  a  native  of  Glasgow,  Scot- 
land. The  parents  were  brought  to  Canada  in  their  childhood  by  their  respective 
parents,  both  families  locating  in  the  primeval  forest  in  Huntington  county, 
Quebec,  where  they  wrested  farms  from  the  virgin  forest.  There  the  grandparents 
lived  and  died  and  the  parents  were  reared  and  married.  Joseph  Sloan  as  a  youth 
learned  the  trade  of  a  carpenter  and  builder  and  while  he  located  with  his  wife 
on  a  farm  and  there  brought  up  his  family  he  engaged  in  contracting  and  build- 
ing, to  which  occupation  his  life  has  largely  been  devoted.  Mrs.  Sloan  passed 
away  in  the  Quebec  home  in  January,  1913,  and  the  father  is  now  in  Edmonton, 
Saskatchewan,  where  he  fills  some  important  building  contracts  although  he  still 
makes  his  home  in  Quebec  province. 


WILLIAM  J.  SLOAN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  659 

William  James  Sloan  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  and  subse- 
quently attended  Huntington  Academy  for  one  term.  While  still  a  lad  he  began  to 
assume  charge  of  the  farm  and  operated  the  same  successfully.  The  father  in  an 
early  day  came  to  British  Columbia,  operating  in  New  Westminster  for  five  years, 
and  in  1892  William  James  Sloan  also  came  to  this  city  and  has  since  made  it 
his  home.  On  his  arrival  business  conditions  were  not  of  the  best  and  he 
first  accepted  a  position  with  the  Westminster  &  Vancouver  Tramway,  which 
is  now  known  as  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Company.  For  eleven  years  he 
was  employed  by  that  corporation  but  subsequently  engaged  in  carpentering,  a 
trade  which  he  had  learned  from  his  father.  In  1907  he  associated  himself 
with  H.  W.  Harrison,  forming  the  firm  of  Sloan  &  Harrison,  contractors  and 
builders,  and  in  the  intervening  six  years,  to  the  present  time,  they  have  built 
many  of  the  finest  and  most  exclusive  residence  and  office  buildings  in  New 
Westminster.  They  are  today  ranked  with  the  foremost  firms  in  their  line  in 
the  city  and  the  position  they  occupy  in  business  life  is  largely  due  to  the 
unceasing  efforts  and  innate  ability  of  Mr.  Sloan. 

On  October  23,  1894,  Mr.  Sloan  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Catherine 
Jennings,  a  native  of  New  Westminster,  and  to  them  was  born  one  child  who 
has  since  passed  away. 

Mr.  Sloan  is  popular  in  fraternal  circles,  being  a  member  of  Union  Lodge,  No. 
9,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  of  Royal  City  Lodge,  No.  3,  I.  O.  O.  F.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  encampment  of  the  latter  organization  and  of  the  canton  and 
has  passed  through  all  of  the  chairs  of  the  Odd  Fellows.  Both  he  and  his  wife 
are  consistent  members  of  the  Presbyterian  church  to  the  work  of  which  they 
give  their  active  and  helpful  support.  An  industrial  enterprise  which  is  fast 
growing  and  promises  to  be  of  vast  benefit  to  New  Westminster  is  largely  due 
to  the  initiative  of  Mr.  Sloan  who  with  his  partner  organized  the  Westminster 
Art  Glass  Company  of  which  they  are  the  principal  owners.  Mr.  Sloan  is  an 
enthusiastic  sportsman  and  for  years  has  held  the  championship  of  the  Dominion 
of  Canada  as  rifle  shot  and  is  widely  known  as  such.  Public-spirited  and  pro- 
gressive, he  takes  an  active  interest  in  all  that  concerns  the  public  welfare  and 
stands  ever  ready  to  give  of  time  or  money  for  the  promotion  of  worthy  enter- 
prises. He  is  a  man  typical  of  the  western  spirit  and  western  aggressiveness  and 
although  he  has  been  established  in  business  independently  but  six  years  has 
attained  a  foremost  position  in  the  commercial  life  of  New  Westminster. 


PETER  McCULLOCH. 

Few  men  in  Abbottsford  are  more  highly  regarded  by  their  fellow  towns- 
men than  Peter  McCulloch,  who  was  one  of  the  early  residents  of  the  city 
and  has  taken  an  active  part  in  its  development  and  expansion.  For  the  past 
twelve  years  he  has  been  serving  as  postmaster  and  in  this  responsible  position 
discharges  his  duties  capably  and  conscientiously,  his  work  reflecting  credit  upon 
both  his  ability  and  his  public  spirit.  He  was  born  in  Scotland,  January  8,  1849, 
and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Jane  McCulloch,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away. 
They  emigrated  to  Canada  at  an  early  date  and  the  father  followed  farming 
during  the  entire  period  of  his  active  life. 

Peter  McCulloch  acquired  his  education  at  Niagara,  on  Lake  Ontario,  and 
after  laying  aside  his  books  secured  a  position  under  his  uncle  in  the  grocery 
business.  When  he  resigned  this  position  he  moved  to  Toronto,  where  he  opened 
a  grocery  establishment  of  his  own  at  the  corner  of  Young  and  Albert  streets, 
continuing  to  conduct  this  enterprise  with  constantly  increasing  success  for  sev- 
eral years.  He  subsequently  sold  his  business  and  in  1897  came  to  British 
Columbia  to  visit  his  uncle  and,  observing  the  opportunities  which  the  west 
offered,  decided  to  make  his  home  here  and  was  shortly  afterward  appointed 
station  agent  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad.  Abbottsford  in  those  days 


660  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

consisted  of  the  station,  a  store  and  a  few  houses  and  Mr.  McCulloch  acted 
as  postmaster,  express  agent  and  telephone  operator,  proving  reliable,  prompt 
and  capable  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties.  As  the  town  and  surrounding  country 
became  more  thickly  populated  the  work  could  not  all  be  accomplished  by  one 
man  and  Mr.  McCulloch  discontinued  his  connection  with  the  railroad,  concen- 
trating his  attention  upon  his  duties  as  postmaster,  a  position  which  he  has  filled  in 
a  most  creditable  and  able  way  since  that  time. 

Mr.  .McCulloch  is  an  enthusiastic  gardener  and  spends  a  great  many  of  his 
leisure  hours  with  his  flowers  and  trees.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian 
church  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  Masonic  lodge  and  Rehoboam 
Lodge,  No.  65,  Grand  Register  of  Canada.  He  is  numbered  among  the  early 
residents  of  Abbottsford  and  has  taken  a  prominent  part  in  its  growth,  his 
activities  having  in  the  course  of  years  extended  to  many  fields.  Through  his 
public  spirit  and  able  work  he  has  become  widely  and  favorably  known  and  he 
holds  the  esteem  and  confidence  of  his  fellow  citizens. 


ARTHUR  LIVINGSTONE  JOHNSON,  B.  A.,  M.  D.,  C.  M. 

The  name  of  Dr.  Arthur  Livingstone  Johnson  has  come  to  be  regarded  in 
Vancouver  as  a  synonym  for  municipal  progress  and  growth,  for  he  is  not 
only  a  most  able  and  successful  physician  and  surgeon  but  also  one  of  the 
greatest  individual  forces  in  the  promotion  of  progressive  public  projects. 
Throughout  his  entire  life  he  has  directed  his  efforts  where  mature  judgment 
has  led  the  way  and  he  stands  today  among  those  who  have  achieved  promin- 
ence as  men  of  marked  ability  and  substantial  worth  in  this  part  of  British 
Columbia.  He  was  born  in  Annapolis  county,  Nova  Scotia,  about  1883  and  is 
a  son  of  Rev.  Johnson,  D.  D.,  editor  of  The  Wesleyan,  who  is  a  native  of  Pictou 
county  and  one  of  seven  brothers,  all  of  whom  have  reached  positions  of  prom- 
inence in  Nova  Scotia. 

Dr.  Arthur  L.  Johnson  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  and  high 
schools  of  his  native  province  and  afterward  entered  Mount  Allison  University, 
from  which  he  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  He  then  entered  McGill 
University,  registering  in  the  department  of  medicine,  and  he  received  his 
medical  degree  with  the  class  of  1908.  His  vacation  months  during  this  time 
were  spent  in  Europe,  his  time  being  devoted  to  newspaper  work  in  England, 
France  and  Germany,  and  upon  his  graduation  from  McGill  his  ability  was 
recognized  in  his  appointment  to  the  position  of  house  surgeon  in  the  Mon- 
treal General  Hospital,  an  office  which  he  retained  until  about  1910.  During 
this  time  he  identified  himself  with  furthering  the  interests  of  progressive 
municipal  government,  being  a  leader  in  the  movement  to  adopt  the  commission 
form  of  civic  government  in  Montreal  and  organizing  a  committee  to  study 
and  report  upon  methods  now  in  use  in  the  older  cities  of  eastern  Canada.  In 
recognition  of  his  competent  services  in  this  regard  he  was  selected  to  appear 
before  the  private  bills  committee  at  Victoria  in  February,  1912. 

Dr.  Johnson  commenced  his  professional  practice  in  Vancouver  three  years 
ago  and  now  ranks  among  the  leading  physicians  of  the  city,  his  ability  and 
knowledge  having  drawn  to  him  an  extensive  and  representative  clientage.  He 
has  always  remained  a  student  of  medical  science,  and  through  reading,  investi- 
gation and  research  keeps  in  touch  with  the  most  advanced  professional  thought, 
his  ability  being  evidenced  in  the  excellent  results  which  have  followed  his 
labors.  Aside  from  his  professional  interests  he  has  taken  an  active  part  in  pro- 
moting the  progress  and  development  of  the  city  and  supports  the  measures  and 
movements  for  the  public  good.  A  stanch  liberal,  he  has  figured  prominently 
in  the  affairs  of  the  local  party  organization  and  his  recent  paper  before  the 
meeting  of  the  Ward  Six  Liberal  Association,  "The  Greatest  of  Great  Liberals, 
William  Ewart  Gladstone,"  was  not  only  most  highly  instructive  and  ably  given 


DR.  ARTHUR  L.  JOHNSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  663 

but  at  the  same  time  proved  ample  evidence  of  Dr.  Johnson's  high  ideals  of 
citizenship. 

Dr.  Johnson's  wife  was  in  her  maidenhood  Miss  Lena  Heartz,  of  Amherst, 
Nova  Scotia,  and  was  a  classmate  of  her  husband  at  Mount  Allison  University, 
completing  her  course  with  the  class  of  1903  and  receiving  the  degree  of  B.  A. 
A  man  of  broad  culture,  Dr.  Johnson  is  particularly  fond  of  music  and  is  found 
to  be  a  ready  assistant  in  furthering  musical  interests  in  Vancouver.  While 
in  Montreal  he  was  soloist  in  St.  Paul's  and  Emmai.uel  Congregational  churches 
and  he  was  later  a  member  of  the  choir  quartette  in  Rue  de  Berri  church  in 
Paris.  He  is  an  ardent  curler  and  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Curling  Club. 
Broad-minded  and  liberal  in  his  views,  he  has  wrought  along  lines  of  the 
greatest  good  to  the  greatest  number  and  Vancouver  has  profited  by  his  efforts 
along  many  fields  of  endeavor,  his  unbending  integrity,  his  sense  of  his  profes- 
sional responsibilities,  his  loyal  and  far-sighted  public  spirit  constituting  him 
a  citizen  whose  worth  is  widely  acknowledged. 


BENJAMIN  GONNASON. 

Hard  work,  close  application  and  thorough  knowledge  of  business  conditions 
and  requirements  have  been  the  basis  of  the  success  of  Benjamin  Gonnason,  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  Lemon,  Gonnason  Company,  Ltd.,  and  since  its  organiza- 
tion superintendent  of  machinery  and  mechanical  equipment.  He  has  been  a 
resident  of  Victoria  since  1884  but  was  born  in  the  province  of  Smaland,  Sweden, 
February  9,  1854,  his  parents  being  Swan  and  Catherine  Gonnason.  The  father 
emigrated  to  America  in  1869,  settling  in  Minnesota,  where  he  was  connected 
with  the  lumber  mills  for  some  time.  His  wife  and  children  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1872  and  the  former  passed  away  in  Osage  City.  Both  the  paternal 
and  maternal  grandparents  of  the  subject  of  this  review  were  natives  of  Sweden 
and  the  paternal  grandfather,  a  soldier  in  the  regular  army  of  that  country,  served 
on  the  field  in  Germany  for  twelve  years  and  took  part  in  the  Napoleonic  wars. 

Benjamin  Gonnason  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
country  and  in  his  early  childhood  aided  his  father  with  the  work  of  the  farm 
and  helped  to  operate  a  small  water  power  sawmill.  He  came  to  the  United 
States  in  company  with  his  mother  in  1872  and  they  joined  the  father  in  Osage 
City,  Kansas.  In  1883  Mr.  Gonnason  moved  to  Seattle,  Washington,  and  there 
secured  a  position  in  a  sash  and  door  factory,  holding  it  for  one  year.  In  1884 
he  came  to  Victoria,  continuing  in  his  former  occupation  until  1891,  when,  in 
association  with  his  brother  Aaron  and  J.  J.  Lemon,  he  aided  in  the  organization 
of  the  Lemon,  Gonnason  Company.  Since  that  time  Mr.  Gonnason  of  this 
review  has  acted  as  superintendent  of  machinery  and  mechanical  equipment  and 
his  energy,  resource  arid  exhaustive  knowledge  of  this  department  have  been 
helpful  factors  in  the  remarkable  success  of  the  concern.  The  officers  of  the 
company  are  as  follows:  J.  J.  Lemon,  president  and  managing  director;  Aaron 
Gonnason,  vice  president;  F.  A.  Nickells,  secretary  and  treasurer;  and  Benjamin 
Gonnason,  director.  This  concern  was  founded  in  1891  with  a  capital  stock  of 
ten  thousand  dollars  and  it  began  business  with  a  force  of  twenty  men.  In  1903 
a  sawmill  ^was  constructed  and  twenty  thousand  dollars  added  to  the  capital 
stock.  Upon  the  incorporation  of  the  concern  in  1910  this  was  increased  to 
one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  and  the  company  controls  today  an  ex- 
tensive modern  plant,  where  all  kinds  of  sashes  and  doors  and  building  supplies 
in  lumber  and  glass  are  manufactured.  They  have  filled  many  contracts  for 
woodwork,  lumber  and  glass  on  important  structures  in  Victoria,  including  all 
of  the  work  of  this  kind  done  on  the  Empress  Hotel,  the  Sayward  building,  the 
Pemberton  building  and  many  other  prominent  business  structures  in  the  city. 
The  company  is  constantly  increasing  its  facilities  to  keep  pace  with  the  steady 
growth  of  the  business  and  its  working  force  now  numbers  one  hundred  and 


664  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

forty  men.  Mr.  Gonnason  is  manager  of  one  of  the  most  important  departments 
and  is  regarded  as  an  expert  in  his  special  line,  for  his  entire  life  has  been 
devoted  to  practical  work  in  this  field  and  he  supplements  experience  by  unusual 
business  and  administrative  ability. 

On  the  1 3th  of  January,  1882,  at  Osage  City,  Kansas,  Mr.  Gonnason  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Anna  Caling,  of  Edane,  Sweden,  who  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1880.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gonnason  became  the  parents  of  five  chil- 
dren: Hanna  Amalia,  who  was  born  October  29,  1882,  and  who  married  F.  C. 
Dillabough,  of  Victoria;  Sigred  Mathilda,  who  was  born  March  15,  1884,  and 
who  married  Hugo  Carlson,  of  Seattle;  Kate  Victoria,  who  has  passed  away; 
Alvin  Bernhard,  who  was  born  September  28,  1887;  and  Karl  Saymor,  born 
February  19,  1893.  The  family  reside  in  an  attractive  home  at  3010  Quadra 
street  and  the  natural  beauty  of  the  grounds  about  it  has  been  greatly  enhanced 
by  the  efforts  of  Mrs.  Gonnason,  who  is  an  able  amateur  horticulturist.  Mr. 
Gonnason  is  a  member  of  the  First  Baptist  church,  and  he  belongs  to  the  Camosun 
Club  and  the  Victoria  Automobile  Association.  Fraternally  he  is  connected  with 
the  Woodmen  of  the  World,  the  Hoo-Hoos  and  the  Benevolent  Protective  Order 
of  Elks.  During  the  twenty-nine  years  he  has  lived  in  Victoria  he  has  gained 
the  unqualified  respect  of  his  business  associates,  for  his  sagacity  is  far-reaching 
and  his  integrity  beyond  question.  He  is  popular  in  social  circles  and  holds  the 
esteem  and  confidence  of  all  who  are  associated  with  him. 


JOHN  J.  BLAND. 

John  J.  Bland,  who  has  been  connected  with  the  Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo  Rail- 
road Company  for  the  past  thirteen  years,  now  acts  as  local  land  agent  for  the 
company  and  also  is  superintendent  of  the  water  works  at  Ladysmith,  British 
Columbia,  where  he  makes  his  home.  He  was  born  in  Callao,  Peru,  August  2,  1857, 
and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Elizabeth  (Everson)  Bland,  who  removed  to  British 
Columbia  in  1859,  locating  in  Victoria.  The  father  is  deceased,  but  the  mother 
still  makes  her  home  in  Victoria,  having  reached  the  venerable  age  of  eighty-six 
years. 

John  J.  Bland  was  a  child  only  two  years  old  when  his  parents  took  up  their 
residence  in  Victoria.  His  education  was  acquired  in  the  public  schools  of  that 
city  which  he  attended  until  seventeen  years  of  age.  In  1874  he  identified  himself 
with  a  shoe  business  in  Victoria,  whence  he  removed  two  years  later  to  San  Fran- 
cisco. He  continued  to  be  connected  with  the  shoe  trade  in  the  latter  city  until 
1887,  when  he  returned  to  Victoria.  Here  he  engaged  in  the  same  business  until 
1897,  when  he  went  to  Revestoke,  remaining  there  for  three  years.  At  the  expira- 
tion of  that  time,  in  1900,  he  came  back  to  Victoria,  removing  from  there  to 
Ladysmith  before  the  first  house  was  erected  in  the  latter  place.  He  was  then 
working  for  the  Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo  Railroad  Company,  and  remained  in  their 
employ,  now  acting  as  local  land  agent.  In  addition  to  his  responsibilities  in  this 
connection  he  is  superintendent  of  the  water  works  of  Ladysmith. 

Mr.  Bland  has  been  twice  married.  On  the  loth  of  March,  1878,  he  wedded 
Miss  Emma  Crowther  and  to  them  were  born  four  children:  Emma  Beatrice, 
who  married  N.  A.  Morrison,  city  clerk  of  Ladysmith ;  John  H.,  who  is  connected 
with  the  dining  car  service  of  the  Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo  Railway;  Alfred  Edward, 
who  is  a  government  engineer ;  and  Elsie,  who  married  Thomas  Batti,  of  Lady- 
smith.  Mrs.  Bland  passed  away  March  8,  1906,  and  on  December  3,  1909,  Mr 
Bland  was  united  in  marriage  to  Mrs.  Linda  Tina,  of  Nashville,  Tennessee,  the 
ceremony  taking  place  in  Ladysmith. 

The  family  hold  membership  in  the  Church  of  England,  and  fraternally  Mr. 
Bland  is  a  member  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  No.  21,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  is  one  of  the 
citizens  of  Ladysmith  who  connect  in  his  span  of  life  the  pioneer  period  of  British 
Columbia  and  its  primitive  mode  of  living,  with  that  of  the  present  time  with  all 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  665 

its  comforts  and  conveniences.  He  has  lived  to  witness  the  trackless  wilderness, 
familiar  to  his  boyhood  days,  converted  into  one  of  the  richest  agricultural  sec- 
tions of  Canada,  and  although  he  has  not  yet  attained  the  age  of  fifty-seven,  well 
remembers  when  there  was  not  a  house  to  mark  the  present  site  of  the  city  of 
Vancouver. 


JUSTINIAN  PELLY. 

Justinian  Pelly,  a  prominent  barrister  of  Chilliwack,  well  known  in  public 
affairs  of  this  section  of  the  province,  was  born  in  Essex,  England,  May  21,  1864, 
and  is  a  son  of  Justinian  and  Fanny  (Ingleby)  Pelly.  He  acquired  his  education 
in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  country  and  came  to  British  Columbia  in 
1882.  Here  he  studied  law  and  in  1893  was  called  to  the  bar  of  the  province. 
In  the  same  year  he  opened  up  offices  in  Chilliwack  and  here  he  has  since  prac- 
ticed, being  connected  through  a  large  and  representative  patronage  with  a  great 
deal  of  important  litigation.  He  has  become  recognized  as  a  strong  and  able 
practitioner,  for  he  is  thoroughly  versed  in  the  underlying  principles  of  law  and 
possesses  keen,  incisive  and  analytical  qualities  of  mind  and  an  effective  per- 
sonality. He  has  attained  a  position  of  eminence  in  his  chosen  profession  and 
has  important  public  connections  along  this  line,  serving  at  present  as  stipendiary 
magistrate,  coroner,  deputy  mining  recorder,  judge  of  the  small  debtor's  court, 
clerk  of  the  Dyke  tax  and  registrar  of  the  county  court. 

In  1894  Mr.  Pelly  married  Miss  Sarah  Cecilia  Kinsey,  of  New  Westminster, 
and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  three  sons  and  one  daughter.  Mr.  Pelly  is  a 
member  of  the  Anglican  church  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  Ionic  Lodge, 
No.  19,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  which  he  is  past  master,  the  Woodmen  of  the 
World  and  the  Sons  of  England.  He  is  a  man  of  energy,  resource  and  capacity 
and  he  has  made  these  qualities  the  basis  of  a  substantial  success  in  a  pro- 
fession where  advancement  depends  almost  entirely  upon  individual  merit  and 
ability. 


ROBERT  HENRY  POOLEY. 

One  of  the  most  prominent  law  firms  in  British  Columbia  is  that  of  Pooley, 
Luxton  &  Pooley  of  Victoria  and  its  junior  member,  Robert  Henry  Pooley,  is 
numbered  among  the  most  able,  clear-sighted  and  forceful  barristers  in  the  city. 
He  is  also  well  known  in  public  life  as  the  conservative  member  of  parliament 
for  the  Esquimalt  district,  a  position  in  which  he  has  served  with  credit  and 
distinction  since  1912.  Mr.  Pooley  was  born  September  19,  1878,  at  Esquimalt, 
Vancouver  island,  and  is  the  second  of  three  sons  in  the  family  of  six  children 
born  to  Charles  Edward  and  Elizabeth  Wilhelmina  (Fisher)  Pooley,  the  former 
a  native  of  Huntingdonshire,  England,  and  the  latter  of  Lancashire.  A  more 
extended  mention  of  these  parents  appears  elsewhere  in  this  work.  The  family 
is  of  English  origin,  the  paternal  grandfather  having  been  born  in  Huntingdon- 
shire, England,  and  the  grandmother  in  Liverpool.  On  the  maternal  side  Mr. 
Pooley  is  a  grandson  of  a  large  shipowner  of  Lancashire,  England,  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  East  India  Company. 

Robert  Henry  Pooley  acquired  his  education  in  private  schools  of  Victoria 
and  in  Bradfield  College,  Berkshire,  England,  graduating  from  the  latter  institu- 
tion in  1896.  In  the  same  year  he  was  articled  to  his  father  in  the  latter's  law 
office  in  Victoria  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  province  in  1901.  Imme- 
diately afterward  he  became  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Pooley,  Luxton  &  Pooley, 
one  of  the  strong,  prominent  and  thoroughly  reliable  legal  firms  in  the  city.  The 
partners  engage  in  general  practice  and  control  a  large  volume  of  business,  con- 
necting them  with  a  great  deal  of  notable  litigation. 


666  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

On  the  27th  of  January,  1904,  in  Victoria,  Mr.  Pooley  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Laura  Loewen,  a  daughter  of  the  late  Joseph  Loewen  and  his  wife,  who 
was  in  her  maidenhood  Miss  Eva  Loumiester.  The  parents  were  natives  of 
Germany  and  after  coming  to  Canada  located  in  Victoria,  where  the  father  was 
the  founder  and  president  of  the  Victoria-Phoenix  Brewing  Company.  He  died 
in  1903  and  his  wife  survives  him,  making  her  home  in  England.  Mrs.  Pooley 
is  a  talented  musician  and  a  member  of  all  the  prominent  musical  clubs  and 
societies  in  Victoria.  The  family  residence  is  called  Upwood  and  is  on  Esquimalt 
road,  a  beautiful  home  set  in  the  midst  of  attractive  grounds  and  overlooking 
Macauley  point  and  the  straits. 

Mr.  Pooley  is  an  enthusiastic  horticulturist  and  is  fond  of  cricket,  tennis, 
golf,  motoring  and  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports.  He  is  well  known  in  club  circles, 
holding  membership  in  the  Union  Club,  the  Victoria  Golf  Club,  the  Victoria 
Cricket  and  Tennis  Clubs  and  the  Automobile  Association.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Fifth  Regiment,  Canadian  Artillery,  from  1896  to  1901,  retiring  in  the 
latter  year  as  acting  adjutant  and  aide-de-camp  to  Lieutenant  Governor  Lobinier. 
He  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  Sons  of  England,  the  Protective  Order  of 
Beavers  and  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia,  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican 
church  and  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs.  He  is  at  present  serving  as 
conservative  member  of  parliament,  representing  the  Esquimalt  district,  having 
been  elected  in  1912,  and  he  has  proven  himself  an  able  and  far-sighted  politician, 
keenly  alive  to  the  questions  and  issues  of  the  day  and  always  placing  public 
utility  before  private  benefit.  In  whatever  relation  of  life  he  is  found,  whether 
in  professional,  military,  social  or  political  circles,  he  is  a  man  of  force  and  power 
and  is  leaving  the  impress  of  his  work  and  personality  upon  the  fields  in  which 
he  is  active. 


HON.  ROBERT  DUNSMUIR. 

Hon.  Robert  Dunsmuir,  characterized  as  "British  Columbia's  most  valued 
citizen,"  was  an  early  pioneer,  active  in  the  development  of  the  resources  of 
the  province  and  as  a  railway  builder,  and  equally  well  known  because  of  his 
generous  friendship  for  the  poor  and  his  prominence  in  the  political  councils 
of  both  the  province  and  the  Dominion.  His  friends  were  legion  and  the  circle 
embraced  many  of  the  distinguished  citizens  of  the  east  as  well  as  of  the  west. 
The  memory  of  his  strong  and  useful  life,  of  the  sincerity  and  simplicity  of  his 
character,  will  not  soon  be  forgotten.  His  record  might  well  be  compared  with 
that  of  the  day  with  its  morning  of  hope  and  promise,  its  noontide  of  activity,  its 
evening  of  completed  and  successful  effort,  ending  in  the  grateful  rest  and  quiet 
of  the  night. 

Robert  Dunsmuir  was  born  in  1825,  in  Hurlford,  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  where 
his  father  and  grandfather  were  coal  masters.  He  was  educated  in  the  Kilmar- 
nock  Academy  and  in  1847  ne  married  Johanna,  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Alex- 
ander White.  Soon  afterward  he  started  with  his  young  wife  for  Vancouver 
island,  in  the  interests  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  to  open  up  the  coal  lands 
of  the  Fort  Rupert  district.  The  project  was  not  entirely  successful  and  in  1854 
he  returned  to  Nanaimo  to  assist  in  the  development  of  the  mines  that  later  be- 
came the  holdings  of  the  Vancouver  Coal  Company.  In  1864  he  was  placed  in 
charge  of  the  Harewood  mine  by  Messrs.  Wallace,  Southgate  and  others.  In 
1869  he  discovered  croppings  of  coal  on  Departure  bay,  sunk  a  shaft  but  failed 
to  locate  the  main  coal  body.  However,  after  a  long  and  tedious  search  he  found 
the  seam  under  the  roots  of  an  upturned  tree  in  the  dense  forest,  and  on  this 
spot  were  developed  the  rich  Wellington  collieries.  This  discovery  worked  a 
revolution  in  the  coal  trade  of  the  province,  as  the  coal  proved  to  be  the  highest 
grade  that  had  been  discovered  on  the  Pacific  coast  and  its  fame  soon  spread. 
Admiral  Farquhar,  Captain  Edgerton  and  Lieutenant  Diggle  became  interested 


HON.  ROBERT  DUNSMUIR 


669 

in  the  mine,  which  proved  to  be  an  unqualified  success  from  the  first.  In  1878 
Mr.  Dunsmuir  purchased  the  interests  of  Admiral  Farquhar  and  Captain  Edger- 
ton  and  in  1881  bought  the  Chandler  mine  at  South  Wellington  and  in  1883  became 
the  sole  owner  of  the  Wellington  mine  by  purchase  of  Lieutenant  Diggle's  hold- 
ings, paying  for  an  original  investment  of  a  few  thousands  nearly  three-fourths 
of  a  million  dollars. 

His  next  great  enterprise  was  the  construction  of  the  Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo 
Railway,  and  the  negotiations  in  connection  with  this  project  between  Mr.  Duns- 
muir and  the  Marquis  of  Lome,  then  governor  general  of  Canada,  resulted  in 
the  settlement  of  the  long-existing  differences  between  the  province  and  Dominion, 
the  amicable  adjustment  being  largely  due  to  the  foresight  and  sound  common 
sense  of  Mr.  Dunsmuir.  The  railway,  begun  in  1884,  was  opened  for  traffic 
in  1886.  Two  years  later  Mr.  Dunsmuir  began  the  development  of  the  Comox 
mines  in  connection  with  the  Southern  Pacific  Railway.  His  numerous  interests 
included  a  fleet  of  sailing  and  steam  vessels  and  he  was  the  chief  owner  of  the 
Albion  Iron  Works.  He  was  also  largely  interested  in  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Navigation  Company  and  was  the  chief  shareholder  of  the  Victoria  Theater. 
He  served  as  president  of  the  Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo  Railway,  of  the  Albion 
Iron  Works  and  the  Victoria  Theater  Company  and  was  a  director  and  share- 
holder in  various  other  enterprises  throughout  the  province.  His  business  affairs 
were  of  such  volume  and  importance  as  to  constitute  an  essential  and  valuable 
feature  in  the  development  of  the  northwest,  and  while  he  achieved  an  indi- 
vidual success,  he  also  largely  promoted  public  progress  and  prosperity. 

While  in  no  sense  a  politician,  Mr.  Dunsmuir  took  quite  a  prominent  part  in 
public  affairs.  In  1882  he  was  elected  senior  member  for  the  Nanaimo  district,  was 
returned  in  1886  and  in  August,  1888,  was  gazetted  president  of  the  council,  a 
position  which  he  occupied  to  the  time  of  his  death.  On  account  of  his  broad 
grasp  of  affairs  his  opinions  were  often  sought  concerning  the  larger  public 
questions  affecting  the  whole  Dominion,  and  he  numbered  such  men  as  Sir 
John  Macdonald,  Sir  Charles  Tupper  and  other  leaders  of  Dominion  administra- 
tion among  his  warm  personal  friends. 

Mr.  Dunsmuir  died  April  12,  1889.  On  the  day  of  the  funeral,  from  an 
early  hour  in  the  morning,  the  streets  were  thronged  with  people  from  every 
part  of  the  province  who  had  come  to  pay  their  last  respects  to  the  man  who  had 
done  so  much  to  promote  the  best  interests  of  their  common  home  and  who 
showed  by  his  deeds — for  he  was  ever  a  man  of  deeds  rather  than  words — 
the  loyal  spirit  which  he  ever  maintained  toward  the  land  of  his  adoption.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Caledonian,  the  Pioneer  and  St.  George  societies  and  was 
extremely  popular  in  those  organizations.  Death  gives  the  perspective  which 
places  every  event  and  every  individual  in  a  true  relation  to  the  history  of  the 
times.  The  passing  years  will  but  serve  to  heighten  the  fame  and  brighten  the 
memory  of  Hon.  Robert  Dunsmuir.  He  had  many  traits  admirable  and  worthy  of 
all  praise,  but  foremost  among  his  many  noble  qualities  was  his  large  capacity 
for  friendship,  and  the  universality  of  his  friendships  interprets  for  us  his  intel- 
lectual hospitality  and  the  breadth  of  his  sympathy,  for  nothing  was  foreign  to 
him  that  concerned  his  fellows.  Perhaps  no  better  characterization  of  Robert 
Dunsmuir  can  be  given  than  by  quoting  from  one  of  the  local  papers,  which 
said  editorially :  "British  Columbia  mourns  today  the  death  of  its  most  prom- 
inent citizen.  Every  inhabitant  of  the  province,  high  and  low,  felt  a  personal 
interest  in  the  Hon.  Robert  Dunsmuir.  He  was  regarded  as  the  province's 
chief  and  truest  friend.  All  knew  that  whatever  might  betide,  Mr.  Dunsmuir  would 
stand  by  British  Columbia.  Its  interest  was  his  interest  and  he  identified  its 
prosperity  with  his  own.  This  is  how  every  British  Columbian  today  feels,  that 
he  has  lost  a  friend.  And  he  well  deserved  to  be  highly  esteemed  by  the  people 
of  the  province.  He  took  the  deepest  and  the  most  lively  interest  in  its  welfare, 
and  every  project  that  had  for  its  object  the  advancement  of  the  province  found  in 
him  a  generous  friend.  He  did  not  calculate  closely  whether  the  money  he 
advanced  to  promote  and  encourage  it  would  yield  him  a  sure  return.  It  was 


670  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

sufficient  that  it  afforded  a  prospect  of  developing  the  resources  of  the  province 
to  command  his  willing  aid.  The  good  he  did  in  this  way  will  live  long  and 
his  name  will  be  gratefully  and  pleasantly  remembered  by  the  hundreds  whom 
he  has  benefited.  Mr.  Dunsmuir  was  more  than  a  mere  man  of  business.  He 
was  a  kind  and  sympathetic  friend  to  those  who  needed  help.  He  had  a  bright 
smile  and  cheering  words  for  the  disheartened  which  made  the  material  help 
he  was  ever  ready  to  extend  all  the  more  precious.  It  will  never  be  known 
how  much  he  has  given  to  aid  those  who  were  less  fortunate  than  he  in  the 
battle  of  life.  He  seldom  talked  of  the  benefits  he  conferred.  It  can  be  said 
of  him  better  than  of  most  men  that  his  left  hand  did  not  know  what  his  right 
hand  did.  His  kindness  of  heart  was  widely  known.  His  employes,  when  they 
believed  they  were  harshly  dealt  with  by  the  managers  of  the  different  depart- 
ments, were  always  ready  to  go  to  him  with  their  grievance,  well  knowing  that 
when  an  appeal  was  made  to  his  feelings  he  would  take  an  indulgent  view  of 
their  offense  and  make  up  to  them  in  some  way  for  the  severity  with  which 
they  had  been  treated.  His  many  acts  of  kindness  and  consideration  to  those 
in  his  employ  will  be  the  theme  of  conversation  at  many  a  fireside  for  years  to 
come.  Mr.  Dunsmuir  was  always  the  most  approachable  of  men.  He  had  a 
kindly  greeting  for  everyone  and  was  as  ready  to  give  a  hearing  to  the  humblest 
man  in  the  community  as  the  highest.  The  amount  of  good  he  did  in  the  country 
will  be  realized  now  that  he  has  gone.  It  will  be  found  that  British  Columbia 
has  lost  a  large-minded,  an  enterprising  and  public-spirited  citizen  and  the  com- 
munity a  man  who  did  his  duty  in  every  relation  of  life  manfully  and  conscien- 
tiously. Shall  we  ever  see  his  like  again?" 


JAMES  TRODDEN. 

James  Trodden,  who  holds  the  position  of  inspector  of  Dominion  wharves 
in  New  Westminster  and  has  been  ably  discharging  his  duties  in  that  capacity 
since  1909,  must  be  given  great  credit  for  what  he  has  accomplished,  for  he 
started  out  in  life  not  only  without  particular  advantages  but  handicapped  by 
the  death  of  his  father  when  he  was  only  nine  years  of  age.  Ever  since  that 
time  he  has  provided  for  his  own  support  and,  more  than  that,  in  his  early  years 
even  materially  helped  in  guiding  the  family  fortunes  over  the  worst  period  after 
the  death  of  the  head  of  the  house.  Mr.  Trodden  came  to  British  Columbia  in 
1883  and  has  done  valuable  work  along  railroad  construction  lines  and  also  been 
employed  by  the  Dominion  government  in  improving  river  navigation  and  estab- 
lishing important  telegraphic  communications.  For  many  years  he  was  in  the 
service  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  in  various  capacities  and  in  all  of  them 
has  ever  discharged  his  duties  to  the  complete  satisfaction  of  his  superior  officers. 
Born  in  Kirkdale,  which  is  situated  in  the  counties  of  Drummond  and  Artha- 
baska,  in  the  province  of  Quebec,  on  April  15,  1854,  he  is  a  son  of  James  and 
Mary  Jane  (Dowd)  Trodden,  the  former  a  son  of  the  land  of  Erin,  born  in 
County  Tipperary,  and  the  latter  of  New  Ross,  County  Wexford,  Ireland.  The 
father  came  to  the  Dominion  as  a  young  man  in  1834  and  the  mother  was  brought 
here  by  her  parents  in  1825,  when  a  young  girl  of  about  thirteen  years.  They 
settled  in  the  eastern  townships  of  Quebec,  where  the  father  and  mother  sub- 
sequently were  married  in  Drummondville,  the  county  seat  of  Drummond 
county.  The  father  died  in  that  county  in  1863,  when  his  son  James  was  but 
nine  years  of  age. 

Being  the  oldest  son  of  the  family,  James  Trodden  upon  the  death  of  his 
father  took  over  the  work  of  the  farm,  many  important  duties  falling  upon  the 
shoulders  of  the  ten-year-old.  From  that  early  age  he  became  acquainted 
with  the  responsibilities  of  life  and  while  it  was  a  hard  school  for  him  to  pass 
through,  it  has  been  an  experience  which  has  largely  helped  him  to  gain  the  place 
in  life  which  he  now  occupies.  When  but  eighteen  years  of  age  he  engaged  in 


JAMES  TRODDEN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  673 

the  lumber  business  in  the  eastern  townships  of  Quebec,  being  so  identified  until 
1878.  In  February  of  that  year  he  removed  to  Manitoba,  locating  in  Winnipeg, 
where  he  became  identified  with  the  Canada  Pacific  Railway,  now  a  part  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific.  For  five  years  he  was  in  the  train  service  there,  making  Win- 
nipeg his  headquarters,  and  for  three  years  was  conductor  of  his  train. 

In  1883  Mr.  Trodden  came  to  British  Columbia  to  take  charge  of  the  con- 
struction work  under  M.  J.  Haney  of  the  Andrew  Onderdonk  contract  of  the 
construction  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  from  Port  Moody  to  Savonas  Ferry.  In 
1885  the  connection  of  the  road  was  completed  between  the  east  and  the  west 
and  Mr.  Trodden  made  a  trip  to  his  home  in  Quebec.  In  the  spring  of  1886  he 
returned  to  British  Columbia  and  entered  the  service  of  the  Canadian  Pacific 
as  yardmaster  at  Port  Moody,  continuing  with  that  road  in  the  train  service  until 
1896.  In  that  year  he  was  made  superintendent  of  construction,  under  M.  J. 
Haney,  of  the  Crow's  Nest  pass.  In  1898  Mr.  Trodden  resigned  from  this 
position  to  take  charge  of  the  work  of  improving  the  navigation  of  the  rivers 
between  Bennett  and  Dawson,  remaining  in  this  capacity  for  one  year.  He  then 
supervised  under  the  Dominion  government  the  building  of  the  telegraph  line  from 
Ashcroft  seven  hundred  and  fifty  miles  north.  In  1909  Mr.  Trodden  was 
appointed  Dominion  inspector  of  wharves,  in  which  position  he  is  now  efficiently 
serving.  There  is  much  importance  attached  to  his  tasks  and  in  a  far-sighted 
way  he  has  done  much  toward  promoting  shipping  facilities,  his  work  proving  of 
great  benefit  to  the  people. 

In  1876  Mr.  Trodden  married  Miss  Jane  Montgomery,  of  Drummond  county, 
Quebec,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Jane  (Bothwell)  Montgomery,  and  of  this 
union  were  born  three  children.  Gordon  J.,  who  is  customs  and  emigration 
officer  at  Douglas,  British  Columbia,  married  Violet  May  Winters.  Lucy  Harriet 
is  the  wife  of  T.  A.  Campbell,  an  electrician  of  Vancouver.  E.  Gertrude,  the 
youngest  member  of  the  family,  is  the  wife  of  L.  T.  Brown,  of  New  Westminster. 
Mrs.  Trodden  passed  away  August  2,  1910.  She  was  prominent  and  well  liked 
in  social  circles  of  New  Westminster  and  was  connected  with  much  charitable 
work  and  such  movements  as  make  for  the  uplift  of  humanity.  Mr.  Trodden  is 
public-spirited  in  every  sense  of  the  word  and  is  ever  ready  to  take  his 
place  in  the  ranks  of  those  who  devote  their  labors  to  improving  the  city 
along  material,  moral  or  intellectual  lines.  His  important  position  gives  him 
occasion  to  often  exert  his  efforts  in  a  beneficial  way  but  outside  of  his  duties 
he  welcomes  every  opportunity  to  make  himself  useful  in  the  interests  of  the 
people.  Personally  he  is  widely  popular  and  well  known,  his  friends  being  num- 
bered by  the  legion. 


JOSEPH  P.  GALVIN. 

Joseph  P.  Galvin,  proprietor  of  one  of  the  leading  tailoring  establishments 
in  New  Westminster,  was  born  in  Carleton  Place,  Ontario,  October  21,  1877,  a 
son  of  John  R.  and  Mary  Galvin,  the  former  manager  of  a  lumber  mill  at  Carleton 
Place,  Ontario.  Mr.  Galvin  of  this  review  acquired  his  education  in  the  grammar 
and  high  schools  of  Carleton  Place  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  worked 
for  two  years  in  a  woolen  mill.  He  afterward  served  an  apprenticeship  to  the 
tailoring  trade  in  Smith's  Falls,  Toronto,  and  spent  twelve  years  in  the  latter  city, 
following  this  occupation  in  connection  with  some  of  the  leading  tailoring  con- 
cerns. He  afterward  moved  to  Ottawa,  where  he  worked  for  the  Caldwells  in 
their  clothing  factory  and  he  retained  this  connection  until  his  employers  dis- 
posed of  their  enterprise.  Thus  he  has  become  familiar  with  all  sides  of  his 
business  from  the  manufacture  of  the  cloth  to  the  making  of  the  finished  clothes 
and  upon  this  thorough  efficiency  and  wide  experience  has  built  up  his  present 
success.  In  1908  he  moved  to  New  Westminster  and  opened  his  present  busi- 
ness in  a  very  modest  way.  Because  of  his  knowledge  of  his  trade,  however, 

Vol.  in— 23 


674  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

and  his  pleasing  personality  he  has  secured  a  large  and  representative  patronage 
and  is  now  in  control  of  one  of  the  leading  ladies'  and  men's  tailoring  establish- 
ments in  the  city.  In  addition  to  his  private  trade  he  has  also  had  his  full 
share  of  government  contract  work,  receiving  in  1913  the  contract  for  the  making 
of  the  uniforms  worn  by  the  men  connected  with  the  government  fish  patrol 
department. 

In  October,  1902,  Mr.  Galvin  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mabel  Camp- 
bell, of  Kincardine,  Ontario,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  four  children, 
two  sons  and  two  daughters.  Mr.  Galvin  is  a  member  of  the  Roman  Catholic 
church  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  C.  M.  B.  A.  and  the  Knights  of 
Columbus,  of  which  latter  organization  he  is  financial  secretary.  He  is  popular 
by  reason  of  his  genial  and  social  qualities  which,  combined  with  his  genuine 
personal  worth,  have  won  him  the  high  regard  of  all  with  whom  he  has  come 
in  contact. 


WILLIAM  McNEILL. 

There  is  no  citizen  of  Vancouver  who  has  worked  more  assiduously  for  the 
interests  of  British  Columbia  than  William  McNeill — in  promoting  industrial, 
manufacturing  and  railway  projects,  which  constitute  the  foundation  of  the 
material  greatness  of  this  province — and  few  men  of  today  are  more  conversant 
with  every  phase  of  its  history,  or  have  contributed  more  largely  in  intellect, 
effort  and  capital  to  its  advancement. 

Mr.  McNeill  was  born  in  Inverkip,  Renfrewshire,  Scotland,  on  the  2d  of 
April,  1867,  his  parents  being  John  and  Catherine  (McTaggart)  McNeill.  On 
his  father's  side  he  is  descended  from  the  McNeills  of  Barra,  the  Highland  clan 
whose  battle  cry  was  "Victory  or  Death."  The  McNeills  trace  their  origin  back 
to  Neil  Og,  who  flourished  about  the  year  1300.  His  son,  Neil  Og,  fought  in  the 
battle  of  Bannockburn,  and  was  granted  lands  by  Robert  Bruce.  Roderick  McNeill, 
head  of  the  clan  in  1759,  was  killed  as  a  lieutenant  with  Eraser's  Highlanders  at 
Quebec  in  1759.  The  family  parted  with  the  estate  of  Barra  in  1840.  On  the 
mother's  side,  Mr.  McNeill  is  descended  from  the  Campbells  of  Argyle,  his  mater- 
nal grandmother  being  a  pure  Campbell. 

Coming  to  America  in  1888,  Mr.  McNeill  completed  his  education  at  Hamilton 
College,  New  York  state,  where  he  remained  for  three  years,  after  which  he  came 
to  British  Columbia,  where  he  joined  the  provincial  government  service,  and  after 
seven  years  spent  in  the  treasury,  mining,  and  land  and  works  departments,  he 
resigned  to  enter  private  business  in  Vancouver.  He  then  became  vice  president 
of  the  Vancouver,  Westminster  &  Yukon  Railway  Company,  and  secretary  of 
the  Stave  Lake  Power  Company,  Limited.  Between  the  years  1904  and  1908  he 
purchased  the  right  of  way  for'  the  V.  V.  &  E.  Railway  &  Navigation  Company, 
negotiating  for  their  right  of  way  into  the  city  of  Vancouver.  In  the  autumn  of 
1908,  Mr.  McNeill  secured  in  London  and  Montreal  the  investment  of  a  large 
amount  of  capital  to  develop  the  power  plant  on  the  Stave  river.  In  the  following 
year  the  Stave  Lake  Power  Company  sold  all  its  assets  to  the  Western  Canada 
Power  Company,  of  which  company  Mr.  McNeill  is  a  director  and  manager.  He 
is  also  at  the  present  time  actively  interested  in  the  development  of  the  hydro- 
electric company  that  is  building  a  power  plant  on  Hocsall  river  and  the  power 
line  to  Haysport,  Port  Edward  and  Prince  Rupert.  He  has  also  large  holdings  in 
fruit  lands  on  the  lower  mainland  and  timber  interests  in  various  parts  of  the 
province  and  is  a  stockholder  in  the  Vancouver  Horse  Show  Association,  in  which 
he  has  been  interested  since  its  organization. 

_  On  December  6,  1898,  in  Victoria  Mr.  McNeill  was  married  to  Minnie  Jean, 
third  daughter  of  the  late  William  McGillivray  Munsie,  one  of  Victoria's  oldest 
and  wealthiest  citizens.  They  have  two  children,  Catherine  Margaret  and  William 
Ronald  Dunn. 


WILLIAM  McNEILL 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  677 

Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McNeill  are  well  known  in  club  circles,  Mr.  McNeill  being 
a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Club,  Royal  Yacht  Club,  Jericho  Country  Club,  Van- 
couver Golf  and  Country  Club,  Vancouver  Tennis  Club;  and  the  American  Uni- 
versities Club,  of  London.  Mrs.  McNeill  holds  memberships  in  the  Georgian 
Club,  Women's  Musical  Club,  Studio  Club,  Jericho  Country  &  Golf  Club  and 
Vancouver  Tennis  Club.  In  religion  Mr.  McNeill  is  a  Presbyterian,  being  a 
member  of  the  board  of  Westminster  Hall  Theological  College.  His  labors  have 
constituted  an  important  element  in  public  progress,  and  his  name  should  be 
engraved  high  on  the  roll  of  those  who  have  been  most  active  and  helpful  iri 
promoting  the  development  and  upbuilding  of  the  west. 


JOHN  JAMES  SPARROW. 

John  James  Sparrow,  for  the  past  ten  years  closely  connected  with  business 
interests  of  Abbottsford  and  today  well  known  as  a  wholesale  dealer  in  feed, 
was  born  at  Ottawa,  June  19,  1856,  and  is  a  son  of  Charles  and  Mary  Sparrow, 
who  located  in  Bytown,  now  Ottawa,  Ontario,  in  March,  1827,  the  father  fol- 
lowing the  butcher  business  there  for  many  years.  Both  parents  have  passed 
away.  The  father  was  a  pioneer  of  the  city  of  Ottawa,  where  he  built  the 
first  stone  house  on  the  corner  of  Sussex  and  Murray  streets.  At  one  time 
he  owned  pretty  nearly  all  of  the  lower  town  and  he  gave  as  a  present  to  the 
city  the  present  Market  square  and  also  the  present  Cathedral  square.  For  many 
years  he  was  mayor  of  Ottawa  and  a  leader  in  good  government,  exerting  his 
influence  to  the  great  benefit  of  its  citizens. 

John  J.  Sparrow  acquired  his  education  in  Ottawa  College,  laying  aside 
his  books  in  order  to  enter  railroading,  working  from  St.  Paul  west.  At  the 
commencement  of  the  construction  of  the  line  toward  the  coast  Mr.  Sparrow 
was  transferred  to  St.  Boniface  and  there  remained  until  1883,  when  he  came 
to  British  Columbia.  In  this  province  he  followed  railroading  in  various  positions 
until  1892  and  then  bought  the  Palace  stables  in  Vancouver,  conducting  a  large 
and  profitable  livery  business  there  for  twelve  years  and  selling  it  in  1904  in 
order  to  come  to  Abbottsford,  where  he  has  since  resided.  Here  he  first  en- 
gaged in  fruit  and  poultry  raising,  disposing  of  his  holdings  in  1910  and  entering 
the  wholesale  feed  business,  in  which  he  has  since  been  active.  He  has  devel- 
oped a  large  concern  and  enjoys  a  liberal  patronage,  accorded  to  him  in  recogni- 
tion of  his  honorable  and  upright  business  methods  and  his  reasonable  prices. 

In  December,  1897,  Mr.  Sparrow  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Ida  Ellison, 
a  daughter  of  O.  W.  and  Louise  Ellison,  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Sparrow  is  a 
conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  is  a  public-spirited  and  progressive 
citizen,  supporting  every  movement  which  he  believes  will  prove  of  general 
good.  His  ability,  integrity  and  energy  are  recognized  and  respected  in  busi- 
ness circles. 


REV.  MERTON  SMITH. 

For  many  years  Rev.  Merton  Smith  devoted  his  life  to  the  active  work  of 
the  ministry,  but  is  now  living  retired,  giving  his  attention  to  his  personal  interests, 
his  home  being  in  Vancouver,  where  he  has  gained  many  warm  friends.  He  was 
born  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  February  10,  1855,  a  son  of  William  R.  W.  and  Anne 
(McEwen)  Smith.  For  twenty-eight  years  the  father  was  a  member  of  the  city 
council  of  Glasgow,  covering  the  period  of  the  reconstruction  of  the  water  and 
sewage  systems  as  today  found  in  the  big  cities,  Glasgow  being  the  first  of  the 
large  municipalities  to  install  modern  waterworks  and  a  sewage  system.  Mr. 
Smith  was  chairman  of  the  committee  that  brought  about  this  radical  change. 


678  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

He  spent  his  entire  life  in  Glasgow,  where  he  was  held  in  high  regard  as  a 
prominent  and  worthy  citizen.  Both  he  and  his  wife  have  passed  away. 

In  the  acquirement  of  his  education  Rev.  Merton  Smith  attended  successively 
the  Glasgow  Academy,  St.  Andrews  and  the  college  at  Liege,  Belgium,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in  1869.  He  engaged  in  the  iron  and  coal  business  in 
Glasgow,  where  he  continued  from  1872  until  1876.  In  the  latter  year  he  took 
up  his  abode  on  the  continent  and  was  engaged  in  the  railway  supply  business, 
having  offices  in  all  the  larger  European  centers.  He  was  thus  engaged  until 
1880,  when  he  removed  to  the  Panhandle  district  of  Texas,  where  he  was  in  the 
cattle  business  for  four  years.  In  1885  he  went  to  Chicago  and  while  there 
residing  was  converted  and  entered  the  ministry,  his  first  work  being  in  charge 
of  the  evangelistic  work  of  the  Rev.  D.  L.  Moody  in  that  city,  where  he  con- 
tinued for  five  years.  When  the  Moody  Bible  Institute  was  built  Rev.  Smith 
resigned  his  position  and  entered  evangelistic  work  independently,  returning 
to  Scotland  for  that  purpose.  He  afterward  spent  some  time  in  London  and 
later  in  Ireland,  his  entire  work  in  the  British  isles  covering  a  period  of  two 
years.  In  1893  he  again  became  a  resident  of  Chicago,  where  he  took  part  in 
the  World's  Fair  evangelistic  campaign  under  the  Rev.  D.  L.  Moody,  remain- 
ing in  Chicago  until  the  close  of  that  campaign.  He  continued  in  this  work 
until  November,  1902,  closing  his  services  in  Edmonton,  Alberta,  after  which 
he  accepted  a  call  to  the  Knox  Congregational  church  of  Vancouver,  where  he 
was  pastor  for  ten  years,  resigning  on  the  ist  of  December,  1912.  He  is  now 
devoting  his  time  to  his  personal  interests,  having  made  investments  which  claim 
much  of  his  attention  and  which  bring  him  a  substantial  financial  return. 

On  the  9th  of  October,  1889,  in  Chicago,  Mr.  Smith  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Margaret  Westfall,  of  that  city,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of 
six  children :  Philip,  who  is  superintendent  of  the  Alaska  Oil  &  Refining  Com- 
pany, at  Katalla,  Alaska;  Margaret,  a  teacher  in  the  West  Collingwood  school; 
and  Grace,  Harry,  Ruth  and  William  R.  W. 

Mr.  Smith  is  a  conservative  and  has  always  taken  a  deep  interest  in  politics. 
Since  coming  to  Vancouver  he  has  been  a  strong  advocate  of  and  worker  for  the 
annexation  of  the  various  suburbs  surrounding  the  city.  His  military  service 
covers  five  years  with  the  First  Lanark  Volunteers,  beginning  in  1872.  Fra- 
ternally he  is  connected  with  Ebenezer  Lodge,  No.  1589,  L.  O.  L.,  and  is  an 
ex-grand  chaplain  of  the  province.  His  life  has  been  a  potent  force  for  good 
along  various  lines  leading  to  municipal  honor  and  progress  as  well  as  to  indi- 
vidual worth. 


TIMOTHY  DRISCOLL. 

Thorough  training  and  wide  and  varied  experience  particularly  fit  Timothy 
Driscoll  for  the  important  position  he  holds  in  connection  with  the  British 
Columbia  Electric  Railway  as  superintendent  of  its  car  shops.  He  makes  his 
headquarters  at  New  Westminster,  where  the  shops  of  the  company  are  located, 
and  is  widely  known  in  various  walks  of  life  in  this  city,  being  highly  esteemed 
and  regarded.  Born  at  Ottawa,  Canada,  on  February  29,  "11856,  he  is  a  son  of 
William  and  Catherine  (Murray)  Driscoll,  natives  of  Ireland,  who  were  brought 
to  Canada  by  their  respective  parents  during  their  youth.  Both  grew  to  ma- 
turity in  Ottawa,  where  the  families  had  located  and  where  they  were  reared, 
there  spending  the  remainder  of  their  lives,  the  father  being  engaged  in  the  team- 
ing and  contracting  business. 

Timothy  Driscoll  received  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Ottawa, 
where  he  subsequently  served  an  apprenticeship  to  three  trades,  those  of  black- 
smithing,  molding  and  machinist.  Well  prepared  for  a  successful  career,  he  in 
1879  left  Ottawa  for  Minneapolis,  Minnesota,  where  he  was  placed  in  charge 
of  the  car  shops  of  the  Minneapolis  Street  Railway  Company,  in  which  impor- 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  679 

tant  position  he  served  for  fourteen  continuous  years.  He  then  made  a  removal 
to  New  York  to  accept  the  superintendency  of  the  Lewis  &  Fowler  Car  Manu- 
facturing Company,  the  importance  of  his  position  being  evidenced  by  the  fact 
that  he  had  charge  of  over  six  hundred  and  fifty  men.  He  remained  with  this 
firm  until  they  retired  from  business  seven  years  later  and  in  1901  came  to 
British  Columbia,  becoming  identified  with  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Rail- 
way and  assisting  them  in  founding  their  present  car  shops  in  New  Westminster, 
of  which  he  has  since  been  general  superintendent.  Mr.  Driscoll  enjoys  the 
reputation  of  being  one  of  the  most  skilled  mechanics  on  the  Pacific  coast  and 
is  widely  and  favorably  known  in  the  mechanical  world  not  only  of  this  sec- 
tion but  in  all  of  the  Dominion. 

In  1882  Mr.  Driscoll  was  married  to  Miss  Mary  Redmond  and  to  this  union 
were  born  eight  children,  William  M.,  Irene,  Loretto,  Joseph,  Timothy  J.,  Jr., 
Genevieve,  Frank  and  Eugene.  All  of  the  children  are  yet  at  home  with  the 
exception  of  Joseph,  who  is  serving  an  apprenticeship  at  the  machinist's  trade 
in  San  Francisco,  California. 

A  man  of  public  spirit  who  interests  himself  in  the  questions  and  issues  of 
the  day,  Mr.  Driscoll  keeps  well  informed  on  political  matters,  although  he  is 
not  what  one  might  call  an  active  politician.  He  generally  gives  his  allegiance 
to  the  conservative  party  but  often  reserves  independence  of  judgment.  Fra- 
ternally he  is  connected  with  the  Eagles,  having  demitted  from  the  Odd  Fel- 
lows and  Foresters  on  account  of  his  pressing  business  engagements.  His  work 
with  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Railway  Company  has  been  of  far-reaching 
effect  in  improving  the  service  and  conveniences  of  the  road  and  has  found 
unreserved  recognition  from  the  officers  and  directors  of  the  company.  In  his 
activities  and  interests  he  has  had  an  important  bearing  upon  the  progress  of 
New  Westminster,  his  ability  being  of  that  wider  kind  which  is  able  to  control 
large  affairs. 


FREDERICK  WALLACE  HUGHES. 

Frederick  Wallace  Hughes  has  been  a  resident  of  British  Columbia  since 
1887  and  during  the  greater  portion  of  this  time  has  been  engaged  in  contracting 
and  building  in  Mission  City,  where  in  the  course  of  years  he  has  gained  an 
enviable  reputation  as  a  far-sighted,  able  and  resourceful  business  man.  He  was 
born  in  Winfield  Village,  Peel  township,  Wellington  county,  Ontario,  July  29, 
1860,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Rebecca  Hughes,  both  of  whom  have  passed 
away.  The  former  was  for  many  years  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  in 
Wellington  county. 

Frederick  W.  Hughes  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Ontario 
and  after  laying  aside  his  books  moved  to  the  Parry  Sound  district,  where  he 
worked  at  various  occupations  for  nine  years.  He  came  to  British  Columbia 
on  the  23d  of  May,  1887,  on  the  first  through  train  into  Vancouver,  and  in  the 
same  year  he  went  to  the  Kamloops  district  with  a  Dominion  surveying  party. 
In  the  fall  he  turned  his  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits,  buying  a  farm  on 
Silver  creek  which  he  continued  to  cultivate  and  develop  for  six  years  there- 
after. At  the  end  of  that  time  he  disposed  of  his  property  and  moved  into 
Mission  City,  turning  his  attention  to  the  contracting  and  building  business,  in 
which  he  has  since  engaged.  He  has  erected  many  of  the  finest  residences  here 
and  a  number  of  business  buildings  and  has  secured  a  large  and  representative 
patronage,  accorded  him  in  recognition,  of  his  fair  and  honorable  business  methods 
and  the  excellent  quality  of  his  work. 

On  the  4th  of  September,  1886,  Mr.  Hughes  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Fanny  Wood,  a  daughter  of  Robert  and  Fanny  Wood,  of  Ireland,  who  came 
from  that  country  to  Canada  and  settled  at  Parry  Sound.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hughes 
have  become  the  parents  of  seven  children,  all  sons.  Mr.  Hughes  is  a  member  of 


680  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

the  Chosen  Friends  and  his  religious  views  are  in  accord  with  the  doctrines 
of  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  is  a  liberal  in  his  political  beliefs  and  has  ren- 
dered the  province  excellent  service  in  various  positions  of  trust,  notably  that  of 
provincial  constable,  an  office  which  he  held  for  four  years.  He  was  also  Do- 
minion fire  warden  for  ten  years  and  in  this  capacity  visited  much  of  the  interior 
of  the  country,  studying  existing  conditions  and  encountering  many  hardships 
and  dangers  and  meeting  with  several  narrow  escapes  from  death.  He  has  served 
three  times  as  a  member  of  the  Mission  City  council  and  is  always  public-spirited 
and  progressive  in  matters  of  citizenship,  giving  his  aid  and  cooperation  to 
movements  for  the  general  good.  During  the  course  of  many  years'  residence  in 
this  city  he  has  by  a  life  of  industry,  enterprise  and  activity  in  all  worthy 
causes  assisted  in  promoting  the  development  of  this  part  of  the  province  and 
set  an  example  which  is  well  worthy  of  emulation. 


ADAM  WATSON. 

One  of  the  pioneers  of  the  Pacific  coast  was  Adam  Watson,  and  though  a 
number  of  years  have  come  and  gone  since  he  passed  away,  he  is  well  remem- 
bered by  those  who  were  his  associates  and  friends  while  he  was  still  an  active 
factor  in  the  world's  work.  He  was  born  in  Greenock,  Scotland,  in  1823,  a  son 
of  Robert  and  Jeanette  Watson.  The  grandfather  was  an  army  captain  and 
served  his  country  in  the  War  of  1812. 

Adam  Watson  enjoyed  the  advantages  afforded  by  a  course  of  study  in 
Greenock  College  and  afterward  graduated  from  a  school  of  engineers  in  Scot- 
land. He  then  followed  his  profession  in  his  native  land  for  a  short  time,  but 
in  1849  bade  adieu  to  friends  and  family  and  sailed  for  New  York.  After  a 
brief  period  there  he  made  his  way  to  California  in  the  year  1850  and  secured 
a  position  of  manager  of  the  iron  works  of  Peter  Donahue  of  San  Francisco, 
serving  in  that  responsible  position  until  June,  1858,  when  he  went  to  New 
Westminster,  British  Columbia,  where  he  purchased  some  property.  After  a  brief 
period  he  went  to  Victoria  and  bought  a  machine  shop,  which  he  conducted  for  a 
number  of  years.  In  1868  he  disposed  of  this  business  and  returned  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, where  he  remained  until  1871.  He  then  became  interested  in  mining  in 
British  Columbia  and  was  one  of  the  original  owners  of  the  Hope  silver  mine  and 
also  of  the  Taxada  iron  mine.  It  was  while  making  a  trip  in  behalf  of  his  mining 
interests  that  he  contracted  the  illness  which  resulted  in  his  death  in  1880.  He 
passed  away  in  the  Cariboo  at  the  home  of  his  daughter,  Mrs.  I.  B.  Nason. 

Mr.  Watson  was  married  in  Scotland  in  1848  to  Miss  Mary  MacLachlan,  a 
daughter  of  Peter  and  Mary  MacLachlan,  the  former  a  contractor.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Watson  had  nine  children,  of  whom  four  are  living:  Mrs.  I.  B.  Nason; 
Mrs.  John  Bowron ;  Margaret ;  and  William  H.  Mrs.  Watson,  who  is  still  living 
at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-three  years,  accompanied  her  husband  to  New 
York,  where  she  remained  with  their  two  little  children  while  he  proceeded  to  Cali- 
fornia. As  soon  as  he  had  made  arrangements  for  a  home  there,  she  made  the 
journey  under  great  difficulties  and  hardships,  traveling  by  boat  to  Aspinwall, 
then  eight  miles  by  rail  and  thence  on  a  small  boat  up  the  Chagres  river.  From 
that  point  they  proceeded  on  mules,  traveling  this  way  from  Cruces  to  Panama, 
when  they  once  more  embarked  on  an  ocean  vessel  for  San  Francisco.  On 
board  that  boat  were  fifteen  hundred  men  and  nine  women.  Mrs.  Watson  is 
numbered  among  the  pioneer  women  of  both  California  and  Victoria.  She  shared 
with  her  husband  in  all  the  hardships  on  the  frontier  and  together  they  promoted 
the  interests  of  home  and  business,  Mrs.  Watson  proving  a  valuable  helpmate 
to  her  husband.  Their  religious  faith  was  that  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and 
Mr.  Watson  gave  his  political  support  to  the  conservative  party.  He  was  also 
a  member  of  the  first  temperance  society  formed  in  Scotland,  joining  it  at  an 
early  age,  at  which  time  the  family  lived  on  what  is  known  as  the  Troon  farm. 


ADAM  WATSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  683 

Although  difficulties  and  obstacles  confronted  them  in  the  new  world,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Watson  never  regretted  the  fact  that  they  came  to  America,  finding  in  their 
northwestern  province  a  pleasant  home  and  many  congenial  friends,  together 
with  a  measure  of  success  that  enabled  them,  after  some  years,  to  enjoy  the  com- 
forts of  life. 


OTWAY  WILKIE. 

Otway  Wilkie  has  resided  in  British  Columbia  since  1878  and  during  the 
intervening  period  his  interests  have  extended  to  many  fields,  touching  closely 
the  military,  official  and  business  life  of  the  province.  In  Vancouver,  where  he  is 
now  secretary  of  the  Fraser  Valley  Development  League,  he  is  recognized  as  a 
capable,  far-sighted  and  progressive  business  man  and  the  quality  of  his  loyalty 
and  patriotism  has  been  proven  upon  the  battlefield  during  the  days  of  the 
South  African  war.  He  was  born  in  Howth,  County  Dublin,  Ireland,  October 
4,  1861,  and  is  the  fourth  son  of  the  late  Henry  Wilkie,  of  Lord  Charlemont 
House,  assistant  registrar  general  of  Ireland  and  secretary  of  the  Census  Com- 
mission of  that  country.  The  father  came  to  British  Columbia  in  1887  and 
located  at  Langley,  where  he  lived  retired  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
February,  1905.  Mr.  Wilkie's  mother  was  in  her  maidenhood  Alice  C.  Gordon, 
a  daughter  of  the  late  Rev.  Richard  Bentley  Gordon,  rector  of  Duncormack, 
County  Wexford,  Ireland,  and  a  granddaughter  of  Rev.  James  Gordon,  the  noted 
Irish  historian.  Mrs.  Wilkie  survives  her  husband  and  makes  her  home  in  New 
Westminster. 

Otway  Wilkie  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
county,  attending  Rus  in  Urbe  and  the  Monkstown  Collegiate  Institute  in  County 
Dublin.  It  was  his  ambition  as  a  boy  to  enter  the  British  army  but  he  eventually 
abandoned  this  intention  and  at  the  age  of  seventeen  came  to  British  Columbia 
and  located  in  Langley,  on  the  Fraser  river,  in  1878.  For  a  time  he  engaged 
in  fruit  growing  in  that  locality,  purchasing  a  part  of  the  old  Hudson's  Bay 
Company's  grant  at  Fort  Langley.  In  1887  he  was  appointed  by  the  late  William 
Moresby,  who  was  then  in  charge  of  the  provincial  police  on  the  lower  main- 
land, to  the  commission  of  special  provincial  police,  an  office  which  he  resigned 
in  1896  in  order  to  accept  the  appointment  as  assistant  supervisor  of  the  pro- 
vincial asylum.  In  October,  1899,  when  the  call  came  for  troops  to  take  part 
in  the  Boer  war,  Mr.  Wilkie's  patriotic  spirit  and  military  ardor  were  aroused  and 
he  took  leave  of  absence,  joining  the  ranks  of  the  first  contingent  which  was 
sent  to  the  South  African  battlefields.  He  was  present  at  every  engagement  par- 
ticipated in  by  his  regiment  in  Cape  Colony  and  at  Paardeberg,  Driefontein  and 
Johannesburg,  and  received  the  Queen's  medal  and  four  bars.  After  the  close 
of  the  hostilities  he  received  his  honorable  discharge  and  with  a  creditable  military 
record  returned  to  New  Westminster  on  New  Year's  eve,  1900.  After  his 
arrival  he  resumed  his  duties  in  connection  with  the  asylum  but  after  a  short 
time  was  appointed  senior  constable  of  the  provincial  police  for  Westminster 
county.  This  position  he  resigned  in  January,  1912,  and  turned  his  attention  to 
the  real-estate  business,  forming  a  partnership  with  B.  G.  Walker  under  the 
firm  name  of  Walker  Brothers  &  Wilkie.  They  dissolved  partnership  in  March 
of  the  following  year  and  Mr.  Wilkie  was  appointed  secretary  of  the  Fraser 
Valley  Development  League,  with  offices  in  the  Progress  Club  building  at  Van- 
couver. He  has  already  proven  himself  eminently  well  qualified  for  his  difficult 
position,  his  administrative  ability,  his  business  discrimination,  sound  judgment 
and  unquestioned  integrity  forming  important  factors  in  his  successful  work. 

In  New  Westminster,  in  1885,  Mr.  Wilkie  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Kate  Taylor,  of  Langley,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  ten  children: 
Alice  Catherine,  assistant  secretary  of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital;  Annie 
Louise,  principal  of  the  Port  Haney  public  schools ;  Elizabeth  Geraldine,  a  teacher 


684  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

in  the  Vancouver  Heights  school  in  Burnaby;  Georgina  Nora,  the  wife  of  Cecil 
McCombie,  teller  in  the  Bank  of  Vancouver;  Otway  J.  H.,  provincial  land  sur- 
veyor ;  Margaret  Gordon,  a  teacher  at  Coghlan,  in  the  Langley  district ;  and  Bar- 
bara Jemison,  Beatrice,  Catherine  Taylor  and  Arthur  Walter,  all  at  home. 

Mr.  Wilkie  is  connected  fraternally  with  New  Westminster  Lodge,  No.  1150, 
Loyal  Order  of  Orange,  this  being  the  senior  lodge  of  British  Columbia.  He 
is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  was  for  two  years  a  member  of  the 
town  council  at  Langley.  He  has  always  been  vitally  interested  in  military  affairs 
and  aside  from  the  military  connections  above  mentioned  served  for  ten  years 
in  the  militia,  resigning  in  1907,  and  was  the  first  president  of  the  South  African 
Campaigners.  He  belongs  to  the  Westminster  Club,  the  United  Service  Club,  the 
Westminster  Progressive  Association  and  he  was  for  one  year  chairman  of  the 
Agricultural  Committee.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade  of  New 
Westminster.  He  is  a  man  of  broad  views  and  varied  interests,  all  of  which 
he  has  made  forces  in  progress,  and  he  is  held  in  high  esteem  in  Vancouver  as 
a  progressive  business  man  and  a  public-spirited  and  patriotic  citizen. 


REV.  ALEXANDER  DUNN. 

Although  now  living  retired,  the  Rev.  Alexander  Dunn  remains  an  active  factor 
in  the  moral  development  of  the  west  through  the  influence  that  he  has  long  ex- 
erted over  the  lives  of  those  who  have  come  under  his  teachings  or  been  inspired 
by  his  example  of  noble,  honorable  manhood  and  lofty  purpose.  He  is  a  resident 
of  New  Westminster  and  has  made  his  home  in  western  British  Columbia  for 
almost  four  decades.  He  was  born  January  30,  1843,  m  the  parish  of  Leochel- 
Custmie,  Aberdeenshire,  Scotland,  a  son  of  Peter  and  Jane  Dunn,  the  former 
a  farmer  on  the  estate  of  Craigievar.  The  Rev.  Alexander  Dunn  became  a  pupil 
in  the  parish  school  and  his  talents  attracted  the  attention  of  his  school  master, 
the  Rev.  William  MacRobert.  He  was  selected  to  continue  his  studies  but,  owing 
to  the  fact  that  an  elder  brother  wished  to  devote  himself  to  a  mercantile  life 
and,  therefore  left  home,  Alexander  was  compelled  to  give  up  his  studies  and 
assist  on  the  farm.  Noting  the  boy's  ability  and  activity  especially  along  intel- 
lectual lines,  the  father,  however,  determined  to  give  him  further  opportunity 
for  study  and  he  attended  the  grammar  school  of  Aberdeen  for  several  years, 
subsequent  to  which  time  he  entered  the  University  of  Aberdeen  in  1862.  Having 
resolved  to  enter  upon  the  active  work  of  the  ministry,  he  pursued  his  arts  course 
in  the  university  and  after  leaving  that  institution  in  1866  he  engaged  in  teach- 
ing in  his  native  parish.  Later  when  a  friend  of  his,  who  was  teaching  in  Eng- 
land, became  ill,  Dr.  Alexander  Dunn  went  to  Darlington,  England,  where  he 
taught  Latin  and  Greek  in  the  school,  remaining  there  for  a  year.  He  then  re- 
turned to  the  University  of  Aberdeen  when  he  took  two  sessions  in  divinity  He 
took  his  last  session  in  the  University  of  Glasgow  and  was  licensed  by  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Glasgow  to  preach  and  for  several  years  was  engaged  as  a  mission- 
ary in  Glasgow.  In  1875  Rev.  Simon  Gregor  visited  the  Colonial  commit- 
tee of  the  Church  of  Scotland,  Edinburgh,  seeking  missionaries  for  western 
Canada,  and  Mr.  Dunn  was  elected  to  go.  He  was  accompanied  by  Rev.  George 
Murray  and  Rev.  William  Clyde.  On  his  arrival  in  Victoria,  British  Columbia, 
in  1875,  he  was  ordained  and  soon  afterward  came  to  New  Westminster,  where 
almost  immediately  he  entered  upon  the  duties  which  proved  to  be  his  life  work. 
He  made  his  way  to  Langley,  in  the  Eraser  valley,  where  was  to  be  found  the 
largest  number  of  Presbyterians  in  this  part  of  the  country.  He  had  charge  of 
all  the  district  outside  of  New  Westminster  as  far  as  Yale.  Few  realized  the 
difficulties  that  such  a  vast  and  wild  district  presented.  He  had  to  travel  long 
distances  to  visit  his  parishioners  and  such  trips  entailed  many  hardships  and 
privations.  After  laboring  faithfully  in  that  way  for  eleven  years  he  left  the 
Scotch  Presbyterian  church,  and  joined  the  Canadian  Presbyterian  church  and 


REV.  ALEXANDER  DUXX 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  687 

when  the  Columbia  presbytery  was  formed  in  1886  he  was  given  the  choice  of 
several  fields.  Because  of  the  hard  work  which  he  had  previously  experienced 
and  his  impaired  health  occasioned  thereby  he  chose  Alberni  church  on  Van- 
couver island,  where  he  remained  in  charge  for  two  and  a  half  years.  He  then 
returned  to  the  Eraser  river  valley  and  located  at  Whonnock,  thirty-two  miles 
from  New  Westminster,  where  he  faithfully,  persistently  and  conscientiously 
labored  for  eighteen  years.  In  1905,  although  still  anxious  to  continue  his  active 
service,  he  was  retired.  He  is  one  of  the  few  men  who  did  pioneer  missionary 
work  in  the  west  that  is  still  alive.  He  was  greatly  beloved  and  respected  by  all 
the  people  among  whom  he  labored  whether  of  his  denomination  or  otherwise, 
and  his  words  of  wisdom  sank  deep  into  many  hearts  and  have  borne  rich  fruit 
in  upright  lives  as  the  years  have  gone  by.  Mr.  Dunn  is  the  author  of  a  number 
of  pamphlets  and  his  writings  have  attracted  wide  attention  and  favorable 
comment. 

On  the  24th  of  November,  1882,  Mr.  Dunn  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Annie  Karn,  a  daughter  of  Levi  and  Roxy  Karn,  the  former  a  farmer  of  Nor- 
folk county,  Ontario.  Rev.  Dunn  is  still  hale  and  hearty,  although  he  has  now 
reached  the  psalmist's  allotted  span  of  three  score  years  and  ten,  and  he  still 
frequently  fills  the  pulpit  in  the  absence  of  local  ministers.  His  memory  forms 
a  connecting  link  between  the  primitive  past  and  the  progressive  present  and 
he  was  among  the  first  to  plant  the  seeds  of  gospel  teaching  in  the  Eraser  river 
country.  No  one  can  measure  the  influence  of  his  labors,  but  all  who  know  him 
attest  to  the  zeal  and  consecration  of  his  work  and  know  that  his  influence  has 
been  a  far-reaching  force  for  good  in  the  province. 


ARTHUR  CHARLTON  BURDICK. 

Arthur  Charlton  Burdick,  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Green  &  Burdick  Brothers, 
Ltd.,  insurance  agents  and  dealers  in  real  estate,  also  enjoys  important  relations 
with  many  other  notable  corporate  concerns  in  Victoria.  He  was  born  on  the  3Oth 
of  January,  1874,  at  Dorchester  Station,  Ontario,  a  son  of  Isaac  Newton  and 
Helen  (Carroll)  Burdick,  the  former  a  native  of  Nilestown,  Ontario,  who  for 
many  years  engaged  in  the  general  merchandise  business  in  Dorchester.  He  also 
served  as  clerk  of  the  court  for  twelve  years  and  was  interested  in  public  affairs 
in  that  community,  having  taken  up  his  residence  there  in  pioneer  times.  He 
afterward  moved  to  Calgary,  Alberta,  and  from  1891  to  1900  engaged  in  ranch- 
ing there,  moving  in  the  latter  year  to  Victoria,  where  he  now  lives  a  retired 
life.  The  paternal  branch  of  this  family  is  of  English  origin  and  the  paternal 
grandparents  were  natives  of  Ontario,  Canada,  the  grandfather  having  engaged 
in  farming  there  until  the  time  of  his  death.  The  maternal  grandparents  were 
natives  of  Ontario,  the  grandfather  having  been  born  in  Warwick,  that  province, 
and  having  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  there  for  many  years.  Both  have 
passed  away. 

Arthur  C.  Burdick  was  one  of  a  family  of  five  children.  He  acquired  his 
education  in  the  public  schools  of  Dorchester,  Ontario,  and  in  the  high  school 
at  Ingersoll,  laying  aside  his  books  in  1891  and  accompanying  his  parents  to 
Calgary,  where  he  engaged  in  ranching  in  partnership  with  his  father.  Later, 
however,  he  entered  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  stores  in  Calgary,  Alberta, 
and  retained  this  connection  for  six  years  thereafter,  moving  in  1897  to  Kaslo, 
British  Columbia,  where  he  formed  a  partnership  with  F.  E.  King,  establishing 
a  men's  furnishing  and  clothing  business  under  the  firm  name  of  Burdick  & 
King.  This  enterprise  grew  to  be  an  important  and  profitable  one,  but  in  1900 
Mr.  Burdick  disposed  of  his  interest  in  it  and  went  to  Vancouver,  where  he 
opened  up  the  wholesale  clothing  business  conducted  by  John  W.  Peck  &  Com- 
pany, serving  as  joint  manager  of  this  concern  for  three  years  thereafter.  He 
then  moved  to  Lacombe,  Alberta,  and,  associating  himself  with  R.  D.  Blair, 
purchased  an  interest  in  the  M.  J.  McLeod  General  Merchandise  Company, 


688  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

spending  three  years  in  the  mercantile  business  there  as  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  Burdick  &  Blair.  During  all  of  this  time  his  business  ability  was  rapidly  devel- 
oping and  in  1907,  when  he  moved  to  Victoria,  he  was  an  unusually  capable,  far- 
sighted  and  progressive  business  man.  Here  at  first  he  entered  into  partnership 
with  R.  F.  Green  under  the  name  of  Green  &  Burdick,  dealers  in  real  estate  and 
financial  agents.  In  the  following  year,  upon  the  entry  into  the  firm  of  N.  T. 
Burdick,  a  brother  of  the  subject  of  this  review,  the  firm  became  known  as 
Green  &  Burdick  Brothers,  later  becoming  a  limited  liability  concern.  The  sen- 
ior member  of  the  firm,  of  whom  further  mention  appears  elsewhere  in  this 
work,  is  very  active  in  public  life  in  Victoria  and  in  British  Columbia  and  has 
many  private  interests,  which  require  a  great  deal  of  his  time  and  attention.  This 
makes  it  necessary  for  the  subject  of  this  review  to  concentrate  his  energies  upon 
the  development  of  the  business  and  its  excellent  condition  at  the  present  time 
is  the  best  proof  of  his  capabilities.  The  company  does  a  general  real-estate  and 
insurance  business,  representing  fire,  liability  and  bonding  concerns.  It  acts  as 
principal  as  well  as  agent  in  loaning  money  on  mortgages,  agreements  of  sale, 
etc.,  and  it  has  placed  on  the  market  and  handled  many  of  the  largest  subdivisions 
in  Victoria,  its  operations  centering  largely  in  the  northern  section  of  the  city. 
It  is  one  of  the  most  prominent  and  reliable  firms  of  its  kind  in  the  city  and  the 
offices  of  the  company,  situated  on  the  corner  of  Broughton  and  Langley  streets, 
are  perfectly  appointed  in  every  detail,  enabling  the  members  of  the  firm  to  give 
their  clients  prompt  and  satisfactory  service.  In  addition  to  his  connection  with 
Green  &  Burdick  Brothers,  in  the  development  of  whose  success  he  has  been  a 
helpful  factor,  Arthur  C.  Burdick  is  also  president  of  the  Colonial  Trust  Com- 
pany of  Victoria,  vice  president  of  the  Slocan  Star  Mines,  Ltd.,  of  Sandon, 
British  Columbia,  and  a  director  in  the  Crescent  Shipping  Company,  Ltd.,  and 
the  New  Lands  of  British  Columbia,  connections  which  indicate  something  of 
the  scope  of  his  interests  and  his  high  standing  in  business  circles. 

In  1901,  in  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  Mr.  Burdick  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Vina  Dixie,  whose  parents  were  natives  of  Petrolea,  Ontario.  -Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Burdick  have  one  son,  Reginald  Charlton,  born  June  4,  1903,  and  now  attend- 
ing the  University  school  at  Victoria.  The  Burdick  residence  is  a  comfortable 
and  attractive  home  at  516  Rupert  street  and  the  parents  are  well  known  in 
social  circles  of  the  city.  Mr.  Burdick  takes  an  active  interest  in  all  kinds  of 
outdoor  sports  and  is  especially  enthusiastic  regarding  motoring  and  baseball. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Victoria  Automobile  Association,  the  Victoria  Golf  Club 
and  the  Royal  Victoria  Yacht  Club,  and  his  religious  views  are  in  accord  with 
the  doctrines  of  the  Anglican  church.  He  is  well  known  in  the  Masonic  fra- 
ternity, holding  membership  in  St.  Andrews  Lodge,  No.  49,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and 
he  belongs  to  the  Pacific  and  the  Union  Clubs  of  Victoria.  Eminently  pro- 
gressive and  public-spirited  in  matters  of  citizenship,  he  takes  a  prominent  part 
in  local  conservative  politics,  serving  at  the  present  time  as  president  of  the  Met- 
chosin  Central  Conservative  Association.  He  is  a  man  of  force,  experience  and 
capability,  possessed  of  an  extensive  knowledge  of  modern  business  conditions, 
keenly  alive  to  the  demands  of  the  modern  business  world,  far-sighted,  clear- 
minded,  and  sound  in  judgment,  and  he  has  made  substantial  contributions  to 
the  business  growth  and  development  of  the  city  where  he  makes  his  home. 


LEWIS  DAVID  ORR. 
t 

In  real-estate  circles  in  Vancouver  the  firm  of  Orr  &  Ebbage,  Limited,  occu- 
pies a  prominent  position  because  of  the  nature  and  importance  of  their  business, 
which  has  been  a  direct  contribution  to  the  improvement  and  upbuilding  of  the 
city  along,  lines  of  substantial  growth  and  adornment.  Mr.  Orr  was  born  in 
Georgetown,  Ontario,  February  6,  1879.  His  parents  were  also  natives  of  that 


LEWIS  D.  OEE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  691 

province  and  on  the  paternal  side  he  comes  of  Irish  ancestors  and  on  the  mater- 
nal of  English.  In  the  public  schools  at  Acton,  Ontario,  he  began  his  education 
and  later  became  a  high-school  student  in  Georgetown.  As  he  approached  the 
age  when  it  seemed  wise  that  he  should  decide  upon  a  life  work  he  took  up  the 
study  of  pharmacy,  in  the  Ontario  College  of  Pharmacy  of  Toronto  Univer- 
sity, and  completed  the  pharmaceutical  course  by  graduation  with  the  class  of 
1898,  with  the  degree  of  Ph.  B.  from  Toronto  University.  He  then  went 
to  New  York  city,  where  he  followed  his  profession  until  February,  1909,  when 
he  came  to  Vancouver,  and  here  thinking  to  find  a  broader  and  more  profitable 
field  in  real-estate  dealing  he  opened  an  office  at  No.  508  Dunsmuir  street  and 
entered  actively  into  the  real-estate  business  under  the  firm  name  of  Lewis  D. 
Orr  &  Company.  That  relation  was  maintained  until  the  first  of  the  year  1913, 
when  he  organized  a  limited  liability  company  with  an  old  schoolmate  and  friend, 
Ernest  Ebbage,  under  the  firm  style  of  Orr  &  Ebbage,  Limited,  financial,  real- 
estate  and  insurance  agents.  Mr.  Ebbage  is  president  of  the  firm  and  Mr.  Orr 
secretary-treasurer.  In  this  connection  they  are  handling  Ontario  Heights,  a 
part  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  reserve,  which  they  opened  in  the  beginning 
of  the  present  year  and  are  now  developing.  They  either  sell  vacant  property  or 
erect  homes  on  the  lots  for  their  owners.  This  bids  fair  to  become  the  residence 
section  "de  luxe"  of  South  Vancouver,  and  all  property  is  sold  under  building 
restrictions.  Only  one  block  north  of  the  tract  is  Little  Mountain  park,  which, 
with  the  exception  of  Stanley,  is  the  finest  park  in  the  city.  The  firm  are  put- 
ting forth  a  strenuous  effort  to  meet  every  requirement  of  a  fine  residential  dis- 
trict and  their  sales  here  have  been  made  to  a  class  of  people  who  feel  pride  in 
keeping  up  the  standard  established  by  the  firm.  Early  in  1912  Mr.  Ebbage  estab- 
lished an  office  in  North  Vancouver,  which  is  now  a  branch  office  of  the  present 
firm  of  Orr  &  Ebbage,  Limited.  The  company  also  have  extensive  holdings  on 
Lulu  island  in  North  Vancouver  and  likewise  in  West  Vancouver.  The  partners 
are  both  enterprising,  alert,  energetic  and  wide-awake  young  business  men,  who 
are  making  continuous  progress  in  their  chosen  field  of  labor. 

Mr.  Orr  is  a  member  of  the  Progress  Club  and  the  British  Columbia  Golf  and 
Country  Club  and  has  social  qualities  which  make  him  popular  in  these  organi- 
zations. 


CHARLES  FREDERICK  HECTOR  STEELE. 

Charles  Frederick  Hector  Steele  is  engaged  in  the  real-estate  and  financial 
business  in  Vancouver,  his  native  city.  He  was  born  August  6,  1886,  and  it  is 
believed  was  the  first  male  child  born  in  Vancouver  after  the  city  was  incorpor- 
ated under  its  present  name.  His  parents  are  William  B.  and  Sippi  Mary 
(Roberts)  Steele,  both  of  whom  are  natives  of  Davenport,  Iowa,  but  during 
their  infancy  they  were  taken  by  their  respective  parents  to  Ontario  and  were 
married  in  that  province.  About  1880  they  removed  to  Manitoba,  where  they 
lived  for  several  years,  and  then  by  way  of  the  United  States  they  came  to  Brit- 
ish Columbia,  arriving  in  advance  of  the  railway.  They  went  first  to  New  West- 
minster, where  they  resided  a  short  time,  coming  to  Vancouver  in  1886.  William 
B.  Steele  is  now  engaged  in  the  wholesale  and  retail  photography  business  in 
Winnipeg,  being  a  member  of  the  well  known  firms  of  Steele  &  Company,  Ltd., 
retail,  and  Steele  Mitchell  Company,  Ltd.,  wholesale  photographers,  and  Steele 
Brothers,  Investments,  Ltd.,  financial  agents  of  Winnipeg. 

Charles  F.  H.  Steele,  received  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Van- 
couver, Winnipeg  and  Toronto,  and  later  in  the  International  Correspondence 
School  of  Scranton,  Pennsylvania,  United  States,  and  also  in  one  of  the  leading 
colleges  in  Vancouver.  At  the  age  of  nineteen  he  left  Vancouver  for  the  east, 
entering  his  father's  photographic  studio  in  Winnipeg,  where  he  acquainted  himself 
with  the  art  of  photography.  In  1906  he  entered  the  employ  of  Steele  Brothers, 


692  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Investments,  Ltd.,  later  taking  over  the  management  of  the  real-estate  depart- 
ment, and  continued  in  that  capacity  for  about  a  year  and  a  half.  On  the  expira- 
tion of  that  period  Mr.  Steele  turned  his  attention  to  the  real-estate  and  financial 
business  of  his  own  account  in  Winnipeg  under  the  firm  name  of  Charles  Steele 
Lang  Company,  and  in  the  collection  business  under  the  name  of  the  Western 
Canada  Collection  Agency,  later  transferring  his  interest  in  the  collection  agency 
and  taking  over  the  interest  of  Mr.  Lang  in  the  realty  business,  and  conducting 
same  under  the  name  of  the  Charles  Steele  Realty  Company,  and  although  there 
were  several  changes  in  the  management,  the  firm  name  has  remained  the  same. 

In  1908  Mr.  Steele  returned  to  his  native  city  transferring  the  head  office 
of  his  business  from  Winnipeg  to  Vancouver,  maintaining  an  agency  in  the  latter 
city.  During  the  past  five  years  the  company  has  continued  to  grow,  until  today 
their  clientele  extends  into  all  -the  provinces,  and  besides  transacting  a  general 
real-estate  and  investment  business  they  now  handle  mortgages,  insurance,  loans 
and  discounts,  etc. 

On  the  6th  of  August,  1909,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Steele  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Roberta  Nisbet,  daughter  of  Robert  Nisbet,  a  prominent  real-estate  and 
investment  broker  of  Vancouver. 

Mr.  Steele  is  a  member  of  the  Exhibition  Association  and  the  Progress  Club 
and  is  interested  in  various  movements  for  the  uplift  and  benefit  as  well  as 
material  advancement  of  his  native  city  and  province.  He  possesses  the  char- 
acteristic western  spirit  of  enterprise  and  determination  and  in  his  business  affairs 
is  growing  with  the  city. 


RALPH  ROBINSON. 

In  the  selection  of  Ralph  Robinson  to  the  position  of  superintendent  of  city 
parks  of  New  Westminster  the  city  officers  have  made  a  wise  selection,  for  he 
is  ably  fitted  to  fill  that  important  position  by  former  experience.  Born  in  the 
village  of  Rennington,  Northumberland  county,  England,  on  the  estate  of  the 
duke  of  Northumberland,  his  birth  occurred  on  June  5,  1864,  his  parents  being 
Ralph  and  Sarah  (Edmonson)  Robinson,  natives  of  Northumberland,  in  which 
county  they  made  their  home  until  their  deaths. 

Ralph  Robinson  remained  in  his  native  section  until  he  was  seventeen  years, 
receiving  his  education  in  the  public  schools.  In  1881  he  went  to  Scotland,  spend- 
ing about  six  years  in  Edinburgh  and  other  cities  of  the  northern  kingdom  as 
gardener,  an  occupation  which  he  has  made  his  life  work.  That  he  has  become 
master  of  his  profession  is  evident  from  the  work  he  has  done  in  the  improve- 
ment of  the  New  Westminster  parks.  He  left  Scotland  in  1888  for  the  United 
States,  being  for  three  years  located  at  St.  Albans,  Vermont,  before  coming  to 
New  Westminster,  British  Columbia,  in  1891.  After  his  arrival  here  he  gave 
up  gardening  and  for  several  years  was  employed  by  the  British  Columbia  Electric 
Railway,  also  holding  other  positions.  In  1901  Mr.  Robinson  was  appointed  super- 
intendent of  the  city  parks  and  under  his  able  management  has  created  flower 
gardens  and  beauty  spots  which  greatly  contribute  to  the  adornment  of  the 
city. 

In  1887  Mr.  Robinson  was  married,  in  Scotland,  to  Miss  Annie  Spiers,  of 
Mugdrum,  Fifeshire,  Scotland.  They  became  the  parents  of  six  children,  all 
of  whom  are  still  at  home,  namely :  Edward  Lewis,  machinest  at  the  Schaake 
Iron  Works  of  New  Westminster;  Daphne;  Gertrude;  Ruth;  Stella  May;  and 
Alice  Eleanor. 

Mr.  Robinson  reserves  his  independent  judgment  as  regards  his  political  sup- 
port, voting  for  such  candidates  as  he  considers  best  fitted  to  fill  the  positions  to 
which  they  aspire.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order,  belonging  to  the  blue 
lodge  of  New  Westminster,  and  of  Royal  City  Lodge,  No.  3,  I.  O.  O.  F.  Both 
he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Presbyterian  church,  in  the  work  of  which 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  693 

they  are  actively  interested.  That  advancement  and  development  of  a  city  is 
largely  due  to  its  beautification  and  adornment  is  readily  conceded  and  the  work 
of  Mr.  Robinson  is,  therefore,  of  an  important  character  as  regards  the  growth 
of  the  city.  Apart  from  the  ethical  point  of  view,  it  also  plays  a  role  as  regards 
the  state  of  health  of  the  inhabitants  and  it  must  be  admitted  that  Mr.  Robinson 
faithfully  fulfills  his  duties,  recognizing  the  responsibility  which  rests  upon  his 
shoulders. 


ERNEST  AMOS  HALL,  M.  D.,  L.  R.  C.  P.  (Edinburgh). 

One  of  the  most  prominent  and  widely  known  physicians  in  British  Columbia 
at  the  present  time  is  Dr.  Ernest  Amos  Hall,  who  since  1894  has  been  practicing 
in  Vancouver,  specializing  in  abdominal  surgery  and  in  the  diseases  of  women. 
His  great  ability  has  carried  him  forward  into  important  relations  with  the  pro- 
fessional life  of  the  province  and  his  knowledge  of  the  underlying  principles  of 
medicine  is  evidenced  in  the  excellent  results  which  have  steadily  attended  his 
labors.  He  was  born  near  Milton,  Ontario,  on  the  9th  of  March,  1861,  and  is 
a  son  of  Robert  Skerrow  and  Jane  Hall,  the  former  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  in 
the  vicinity  of  Milton  and  for  many  years  esquire  or  local  magistrate  of  his 
district. 

Dr.  Ernest  Amos  Hall  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  Canadian  Literary 
Institute  at  Woodstock,  Ontario,  and  was  afterward  a  student  in  the  Trinity 
Medical  College  at  Toronto,  an  institution  which  has  now  been  merged  into  the 
University  of  Toronto.  He  was  graduated  in  1884  with  the  degree  of  M.  D.,  F. 
T.  M.  S.,  and  in  the  same  year  enrolled  in  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians  at 
Edinburgh,  Scotland,  from  which  he  received  the  degree  of  L.  R.  C.  P.  Return- 
ing to  Ontario,  he  entered  upon  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Bruce  county 
and  afterward  practiced  for  one  year  in  Toronto.  In  1889  he  came  to  British 
Columbia  and  after  practicing  for  three  or  four  years  went  to  Germany  in  order 
to  make  an  exhaustive  study  of  the  diseases  of  women,  in  which  he  had  deter- 
mined to  specialize.  When  he  returned  in  1894  he  settled  in  British  Columbia 
and  he  has  continued  to  engage  in  professional  work  in  the  province  since  that 
time,  confining  his  attention  largely  to  abdominal  surgery  and  the  diseases  of 
women.  In  Vancouver,  where  he  now  resides,  he  is  recognized  authority  on 
both  branches,  his  skill  being  the  result  of  natural  ability  developed  by  many 
years  of  special  training.  He  today  controls  a  large,  representative  and  contin- 
ually increasing  practice  and  occupies  an  unassailable  position  in  professional 
circles,  the  excellent  results  he  has  accomplished  standing  as  conclusive  evidence 
of  his  medical  knowledge  and  superior  skill  in  its  application. 

On  the  ist  of  June,  1885,  Dr.  Hall  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary 
Louisa  Fox,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Anthony  Fox,  a  practicing  physician  in  Ontario. 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  Hall  have  three  children,  Victor  Ernest,  Grace  Louise  and  Fred- 
erick Greenwood. 

In  his  political  views  Dr.  Hall  is  an  independent  liberal  and  is  actively  and 
intelligently  interested  in  public  affairs,  especially  in  those  relating  to  the  cause 
of  public  education,  having  served  as  a  member  of  the  school  board  in  Victoria  in 
1905.  Fraternally  he  is  affiliated  with  Victoria  Lodge,  No.  2,  A.  F.  &  A.  M., 
and  Victoria  Lodge,  No.  4,  I.  O.  O.  F.  Along  professional  lines  he  is  a  fellow 
of  the  Royal  Society  of  Medicine  in  London,  a  member  of  the  British  Columbia 
Academy  of  Sciences  and  identified  with  the  Canadian  Medical  Society.  He  is 
a  contributor  to  medical  journals  and  received  the  gold  medal  offered  by  the 
Trinity  Alumni  Association  for  the  best  medical  article  embodying  the  results 
of  original  investigation.  Dr.  Hall's  paper  was  entitled  "The  Relation  of  Pelvic 
Diseases  in  Women  to  Mental  Abnormality,"  and  constituted  a  valuable  contri- 
bution to  modern  medical  knowledge.  Dr.  Hall  was  appointed  for  one  year 
secretary  of  the  British  Columbia  Local  Option  Society,  during  which  period 


694  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

he  spent  much  of  his  time  and  labor  in  giving  lectures  all  over  the  country  on 
the  Relation  of  Intemperance  to  Public  Life  and  the  Relation  of  Social  Disease 
to  Society.  He  was  also  the  first  to  advocate  the  instruction  of  both  sexes  on  the 
subject  of  venereal  diseases,  sex  problems,  etc.  Dr.  Hall  was  invited  by  Presi- 
dent David  Starr  Jordan  to  deliver  a  series  of  lectures  on  the  subject  before 
Leland  Stanford,  Jr.,  University.  He  has  prepared  about  sixteen  different 
lectures  on  such  subjects,  which  he  often  delivers  in  local  theaters  on  Sunday 
afternoons  to  the  benefit  of  the  public.  He  is  a  man  of  superior  professional 
attainments,  a  student,  a  thinker  and  a  scientist,  keeping  in  touch  with  the  trend 
of  modern  medical  progress  and  to  a  great  extent  aiding  in  the  promotion  of 
professional  advancement.  He  has  the  respect  of  the  most  able  and  successful 
physicians  and  surgeons  in  the  province,  being,  indeed,  a  leader  in  their  ranks, 
and  he  has  made  substantial  and  valuable  contributions  to  medical  thought  and 
knowkdge  during  the  period  of  his  professional  activity. 


THOMAS  NAPIER  HIBBEN. 

Thomas  Napier  Hibben,  prominent  citizen,  pioneer  merchant  and  founder  of 
the  house  of  T.  N.  Hibben  &  Company,  the  oldest  established  and  continuously 
conducted  mercantile  business  in  Victoria,  and  one  of  the  coterie  of  men  whose 
fine  faith  in  the  city's  future  laid  the  foundation  for  the  subsequent  development 
from  the  crude  trading  post,  as  they  found  it,  into  one  of  the  most  prosperous  com- 
munities, and  the  acknowledged  beauty  spot  of  the  Pacific  coast,  was  a  native  of 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  where  he  was  born  August  12,  1827. 

He  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  his  native  city,  and  in  1849,  in  his  twenty- 
first  year,  was  attracted  by  the  gold  excitement  to  California,  making  the  long 
arduous  journey  in  the  familiar  prairie  schooner  of  those  days.  For  a  time  he 
engaged  in  mining  and  prospecting,  but  finding  the  rough  life  not  to  his  liking, 
he  settled  in  San  Francisco,  where  he  established  a  book  and  stationery  store, 
which  he  conducted  successfully  until  1858,  when  he  sold  the  business  to  Bancroft, 
who  afterward  became  widely  known  through  his  authorship  and  publication  of 
Bancroft's  History  of  the  Pacific  Coast.  In  the  same  year  Mr.  Hibben  came  to 
Victoria,  and  in  partnership  with  Mr.  Carswell  purchased  the  Kurskis  Book  Store, 
which  they  conducted  together  until  1866,  when  Mr.  Carswell  retired  and  Mr. 
Hibben  assumed  entire  control  of  the  business.  Later,  however,  Mr.  Kammerer 
and  Mr.  Bone,  the  latter  of  whom  had  grown  up  in  the  business  from  an  errand 
boy,  were  taken  into  partnership. 

The  original  store  on  Yates  street  was  in  1861  removed  to  Government  street, 
where  larger  quarters  were  required,  and  recently  the  fine  office  and  store  struc- 
ture, known  as  the  Hibben-Bone  building,  was  erected  to  accommodate  the  rapidly 
growing  trade. 

Mr.  Hibben's  keen  foresight  and  confidence  in  the  city's  future  prompted  him 
to  make  considerable  investments  in  real  estate  and  the  subsequent  remarkable 
advances  in  values  were  ample  confirmation  of  his  judgment.  Mr.  Hibben  was 
for  over  thirty  years  a  familiar  figure  in  the  life  of  Victoria,  although  he  never 
sought  nor  held  public  office,  in  fact  steadfastly  refused  to  accept  honors  in  this 
direction.  But  no  project  which  spelled  advancement  social,  civic,  educational  or 
commercial  to  his  adopted  city,  ever  lacked  his  hearty  indorsement  and  cooperation. 
Personally  he  was  affable,  courteous,  generous  to  those  less  fortunate  than  himself, 
and  in  his  every-day  life  typified  the  old-school  Southern  gentleman. 

On  January  21,  1864,  Mr.  Hibben  on  a  visit  to  England,  married  Miss  Janet 
Parker  Brown,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Elizabeth  (Gilchrist)  Brown,  and  a  short 
time  later  they  returned  by  way  of  the  Panama  route  to  Victoria,  where  a  home 
was  established  to  which  he  was  ever  devoted.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hibben  became 
the  parents  of  four  children :  Mary  R.,  the  wife  of  W.  D.  Claussen  of  California : 


THOMAS  N.  HIBBEN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  697 

Estelle  Theus,  the  wife  of  T.  Claussen  of  California;  and  Thomas  Napier  and 
James  Parker,  both  of  T.  N.  Hibben  &  Company. 

\Yhile  Mr.  Hibben  was  always  keenly  interested  in  affairs  of  a  public  nature,  his 
greatest  pleasure  was  in  promoting  the  happiness  of  his  own  family,  and  his  time 
outside  business  hours  was  devoted  to  them  almost  to  the  exclusion  of  all  other 
interests.  He  accomplished  much  in  the  business  world,  and  won  his  friendships 
by  kindly  sympathy  and  thoughtful  consideration,  but  his  greatest  depth  of 
affection  was  reserved  for  his  family. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Pioneer  Society,  the  Board  of  Trade  and  the  Reformed 
Episcopal  church,  and  a  strong  supporter  of  the  late  Bishop  Cridge  when  he  seceded 
from  the  established  church,  and  formed  the  Reformed  Episcopal  congregation 
in  Victoria.  Mr.  Hibben's  death  occurred  January  10,  1890,  and  his  passing  was 
the  occasion  for  expression  of  deep  regret  from  the  thousands  who  had  known  and 
respected  him  for  his  many  sterling  traits  of  character. 


FREDERICK  LESLIE  WOLFENDEN. 

Frederick  Leslie  Wolfenden,  a  young  man  of  energy,  resource  and  ability, 
well  known  in  business  circles  of  Victoria  as  a  partner  of  W.  A.  Millington  in 
the  ownership  of  the  King  Edward  Hotel,  has  been  connected  with  hotel  inter- 
ests here  since  1901,  founding  a  gratifying  success  in  this  field  upon  industry, 
experience  and  ability.  He  was  born  in  Victoria,  November  12,  1880,  and  is 
the  fourth  son  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  Richard  Wolfenden,  of  whom  further  men- 
tion is  made  elsewhere  in  this  work. 

Frederick  L.  Wolfenden  acquired  his  education  in  the  Victoria  public 
schools  and  at  the  age  of  fifteen  laid  aside  his  books  in  order  to  learn  the  elec- 
trician's trade  with  Hinton  &  Company.  He  retained  this  connection  until  he 
was  twenty-one  years  of  age  and  then  in  1901  formed  a  partnership  with  W.  A. 
Millington  and  they  became  connected  with  the  hotel  business,  operating  the 
Horseshoe  Hotel  and  later  the  Victoria.  In  1905  they  sold  out  their  interests 
in  the  latter  enterprise  and  secured  the  Manitoba  and  the  Garrick's  Head,  selling 
the  latter  in  1906  and  the  former  in  1911.  One  year  later  they  purchased  the 
King  Edward  and  this  they  have  since  remodeled  and  refurnished,  making  it 
one  of  the  finest  and  best  equipped  hotels  in  Victoria.  It  is  conducted  on  the 
American  plan  and  the  partners  pay  special  attention  to  the  excellence  of  the 
dining-room  service  and  to  the  conduct  of  a  high-class  and  perfectly  appointed 
bar,  the  fixtures  and  equipment  of  which  are  modern  in  every  detail.  As  a  conse- 
quence of  their  close  supervision  the  hotel  is  one  of  the  most  popular  in  Victoria 
and  has  a  representative  and  prominent  patronage. 

On  the  29th  of  June,  1903,  in  Victoria,  Mr.  Wolfenden  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Marian  Anderson,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Lillian  Anderson, 
natives  of  Scotland.  The  mother  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1879  and  located  first 
in  Ontario,  later  coming  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wolfenden 
have,  two  children:  Leslie  Jack,  born  June  25,  1904;  and  James  Robert,  born 
April  14,  1907. 

Mr.  Wolfenden  takes  an  active  interest  in  all  kinds  of  sports,  spending  a 
great  many  of  his  leisure  hours  shooting.  He  also  breeds  and  raises  English 
pointers  and  standard  bred  horses  and  his  kennels  are  among  the  most  famous 
in  the  Dominion.  He  owns  twelve  of  the  best  English  pointers  in  Canada,  his 
animals  bearing  the  registered  name  of  the  Victoria  Kennels.  They  were  for- 
merly headed  by  Champion  Victoria  Boy  and  Champion  Victoria  Spot  who 
were  the  sire  and  dam  of  many  of  the  bench  winners  of  today.  -Mr.  Wolfenden 
is  the  owner  of  Fannie  Putnam,  the  only  mare  in  the  province  of  British  Col- 
umbia that  was  ever  sent  to  the  grand  circuit  and  won  any  of  the  races.  She 
is  the  dam  of  the  celebrated  stallion  Captain  John.  Mr.  Wolfenden  is  a  member 
of  the  North  Vancouver  Kennel  Club,  the  Victoria  City  Kennel  Club  and  the 


698  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Canadian  Kennel  Club  and  gives  a  great  deal  of  his  time  to  perfecting  his  own 
kennels,  which  are  already  famous  in  sporting  circles.  He  is  in  addition  a 
member  of  the  Victoria  Gun  Club,  the  British  Columbia  Agricultural  Associa- 
tion, is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  a  conservative  in  his  political 
views.  He  is  well  known  among  hotel  men  in  this  part  of -the  province  and  the 
traveling  public  in  general  for  he  possesses  the  requisites  for  success  in  this 
very  difficult  field  and  h^s  aided  greatly  in  securing  for  the  King  Edward  its 
present  popularity  and  its  gratifying  patronage. 


WILLIAM  STUART  DICKSON. 

William  Stuart  Dickson,  a  well  known  and  representative  citizen  of  Van- 
couver, was  for  a  number  of  years  successfully  engaged  in  business  here  as  a 
hotel  proprietor,  retiring  in  January,  1913.  His  birth  occurred  in  Victoria, 
British  Columbia,  on  the  I2th  of  July,  1866,  his  parents  being  John  and  Surrilda 
(Dixon)  Dickson,  the  former  a  native  of  Ireland  and  the  latter  of  the  United 
States.  John  Dickson  was  for  a  time  engaged  in  business  as  a  tinsmith  of 
Victoria,  later  becoming  identified  with  steamboat  interests  in  association  with 
Mrs.  Irving,  who  was  then  the  wife  of  Captain  William  Irving  and  is  now  Mrs. 
Ryan. 

William  S.  Dickson  pursued  a  course  of  study  in  Nest  Academy  of  Jedburgh, 
Scotland,  and  then  returned  to  Canada,  attending  college  at  Port  Hope,  Ontario. 
In  1883  he  returned  to  his  native  province  and  subsequently  in  Victoria  embarked 
in  the  cracker  business  in  association  with  S.  D.  Nesbit,  the  enterprise  being 
conducted  under  the  firm  style  of  Nesbit,  Dickson  &  Company  for  two  years. 
The  year  1892  witnessed  his  arrival  in  Vancouver.  In  1905  he  opened  the 
Hotel  Butler,  remaining  its  proprietor  for  a  period  of  less  than  two  years.  In 
September,  1907,  he  opened  the  Hotel  Irving,  continuing  active  in  the  conduct 
of  that  hostelry  until  he  sold  out  and  retired  in  January,  1913.  Under  his 
management  the  hotel  gained  wide  popularity  and  was  liberally  patronized,  for 
he  neglected  nothing  that  could  add  to  the  comfort  and  pleasure  of  his  guests. 

In  Vancouver,  Washington,  Mr.  Dickson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Annie  Cameron,  of  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  and  they  now  have  four  children : 
Dora,  the  wife  of  Frank  O'Flaherty,  of  Fort  George,  British  Columbia;  Jack; 
and  Surrilda  and  Anna,  at  home.  Mr.  Dickson  is  a  conservative  in  his  political 
views  but  takes  no  active  part  in  politics.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Native  Sons 
of  British  Columbia  and  also  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  Athletic  Club.  The  city 
numbers  him  among  its  valued  and  substantial  citizens  and  one  whose  aid  and 
cooperation  can  ever  be  counted  upon  to  further  all  movements  instituted  to 
promote  the  general  welfare  and  upbuilding. 


JOHN  ALEXANDER  CATHERWOOD. 

The  development  of  British  Columbia  is  attributable  in  substantial  measure 
to  the  progressive  spirit  of  its  real-estate  men,  who  recognize  possibilities  and 
do  everything  in  their  power  to  stimulate  trade  and  promote  settlement.  Mr. 
Cathenvood,  active  in  this  line,  is  conducting  a  general  real-estate  and  insur- 
ance office  in  Mission,  and  he  is  also  manager  of  the  local  telephone  company. 
He  was  born  in  the  province  of  Ontario,  October  26,  1857,  and  is  a  son  of  Thomas 
and  Ann  (Abercrombie)  Catherwood.  The  father  is  now  deceased,  but  the 
mother  is  still  living. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Caledonia,  Ontario,  John  A.  Catherwood  pursued 
his  education,  passing  through  consecutive  grades  to  the  high  school.  At  the 
age  of  eighteen  years  he  began  teaching  and  continued  as  an  active  representa- 


WILLIAM  S.  DICKSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  701 

tive  of  the  profession  for  four  years.  He  next  entered  the  Dominion  government 
survey  on  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad,  and  in  that  year,  1884,  was  in  a  train 
wreck.  In  1886  he  again  took  up  the  profession  of  teaching,  which  he  followed 
for  four 'years,  but  he  also  located  on  the  homestead  near  Mission,  British  Col- 
umbia, where  he  engaged  in  farming  and  fruit-raising  for  more  than  two  decades, 
carefully  developing  his  land  in  the  production  of  substantial  crops  of  cereals 
and  fruit.  In  1890,  1891  and  1892  he  was  again  in  the  survey  service  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  and  from  1894  to  1900  taught  in  the  Dewdney  schools. 
From  1905  to  1908  he  conducted  a  general  store  at  Hatzic.  In  the  latter  year  he 
turned  his  attention  to  the  general  real-estate  and  insurance  business  in  Mission 
and  has  won  many  clients  during  the  intervening  years.  He  has  negotiated 
various  important  realty  transfers  and  is  thoroughly  familiar  with  land  valuations 
in  this  section  of  the  country.  He  is  likewise  manager  of  the  local  telephone 
company  and  as  such  endeavors  to  give  the  most  reliable  service  to  the  patrons 
of  the  corporation.  He  is  also  secretary  of  the  Agricultural  Association  and  of 
the  school  board  and  cooperates  in  various  measures  which  constitute  important 
elements  in  the  substantial  growth  and  progress  of  the  district  in  which  he  lives. 

On  Christmas  day  of  1886,  Mr.  Catherwood  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Margaret  Solloway,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Ann  Solloway,  and  they  have 
become  the  parents  of  eight  children:  Lilian,  who  is  still  with  her  parents; 
Edith,  who  is  engaged  in  teaching  school;  Phillip;  Ewart  and  Cecil,  who  are 
attending  school;  Ernest;  Myrtle;  and  Godfrey.  Mr.  Catherwood  and  his  fam- 
ily attend  the  English  church. 

The  fraternal  relations  of  'Mr.  Catherwood  are  with  the  Masons  and  he  has 
been  a  prominent  member  of  Pacific  Lodge,  No.  16,  F.  &  A.  M.  for  many  years. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Ancient  Order  of  Foresters  and  of  the  Orangemen. 
His  political  support  is  given  to  the  conservative  party  and  he  filled  the  position 
of  reeve  of  the  municipality  for  ten  years.  He  has  also  been  returning  officer 
in  Dewdney  Riding  since  the  McBride  government  has  been  in  power.  For  the 
past  eleven  years  he  has  been  a  notary  public  and  is  registrar  of  marriage  licenses 
under  the  marriage  act,  for  British  Columbia.  He  stands  stanchly  in  support 
of  what  he  believes  to  be  for  the  best  interests  of  city  and  province  and  his 
official  record  is  commendable  by  reason  of  the  progressive  spirit  which  actuates 
him  in  all  his  public  service. 


WILLIAM  DOW  KEITH,  M.  D. 

Dr.  William  Dow  Keith,  a  prominent  and  successful  physician  and  surgeon 
in  Vancouver,  was  born  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  in  1872  and  is  a  son  of  George  and 
Agnes  (Dow)  Keith,  the  former  a  native  of  Scotland  and  the  latter  of  Whitby, 
Ontario.  The  parents  reside  in  Toronto,  where  the  father  has  been  for  nearly 
fifty  years  prominently  connected  with  mercantile  interests. 

Dr.  Keith  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city  and  there  attended  high  school  and  Toronto  University,  from  which  he  was 
graduated  with  the  degree  of  M.  B.  in  1895.  In  the  following  year  he  took  the 
conjoint  examination  in  England  and  received  the  degrees  of  M.  R.  C.  S.  and 
L.  R.  C.  P.  For  a  year  and  a  half  thereafter  he  practiced  in  England  and  in  the 
fall  of  1898  came  to  Vancouver,  where  a  short  time  afterward  he  resumed  his 
professional  work.  After  eight  months  he  removed  to  Van  Anda,  Texada  island, 
where  he  practiced  during  the  years  1900,  1901  and  1902,  after  which  he  took 
a  course  in  post-graduate  work  at  Johns  Hopkins  University  in  Baltimore.  Re- 
turning to  Vancouver  with  broadened  knowledge  and  added  experience,  he 
again  opened  an  office  in  this  city,  where  he  has  remained  in  active  and  success- 
ful practice  since  that  time.  His  patronage  has  continually  grown  in  volume 
and  importance,  as  he  has  demonstrated  his  ability  to  cope  with  the  intricate 
problems  which  frequently  confront  the  physician.  He  keeps  in  touch  with  the 

Vol.  in— 24 


702  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

most  advanced  professional  thought,  never  considering  his  medical  education 
complete  but  carrying  it  forward  by  individual  study,  reading  and  research.  For 
the  past  five  years  he  has  been  on  the  staff  of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital 
and  is  a  member  of  the  city  and  provincial  medical  societies,  his  ability  being 
widely  recognized  in  the  profession.  He  was  for  some  years  identified  with  the 
Canadian  Medical  Association  but  has  since  resigned. 

In  Vancouver,  on  the  I5th  of  November,  1911,  Dr.  Keith  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Isabella  Hall,  of  Peterboro,  Ontario,  and  they  have  one  son,  Wil- 
liam Dow,  Jr.  The  Doctor  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  is  a  liberal 
in  his  political  beliefs,  interested  in  the  growth  and  development  of  the  city  but 
not  active  as  an  office  seeker.  He  belongs  to  the  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf  and 
the  Jericho  Country  Clubs  of  Vancouver  and  is  well  and  favorably  known  in  social 
circles.  He  has  gained  recognition  as  one  of  the  able  and  successful  physicians 
here  and  by  his  labors,  his  high  professional  attainments  and  his  sterling  char- 
acteristics has  justified  the  respect  and  confidence  in  which  he  is  held  by  the 
medical  fraternity  and  the  local  public. 


DAVID  MAIN. 

David  Main  is  one  of  the  well  known  and  substantial  citizens  of  Vancouver, 
where  for  many  years  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  building  trade  but  now  prac- 
tically spends  his  time  in  looking  after  his  valuable  realty  holdings.  He  came 
to  this  city  in  1891  and,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  years  spent  in  northern 
British  Columbia,  has  been  a  resident  of  Vancouver  ever  since.  Born  in  Nairn, 
Scotland,  December  18,  1863,  Mr.  Main  is  a  son  of  Robert  Bunker  Main  and 
Margaret  (Ian)  Main,  both  of  Nairn,  Scotland.  The  parents  of  our  subject 
spent  their  entire  lives  in  their  native  town.  Robert  Bunker  Main  was  a  sea 
captain  and  a  man  of  independent  spirit  and  strong  character,  successful  and 
greatly  esteemed.  At  the  age  of  seventy-three  years  he  died  suddenly  of  apoplexy, 
passing  away  after  four  hours  of  illness.  His  wife  survived  him  for  about  nine 
years,  her  demise  occurring  when  she  had  attained  the  age  of  eighty-four  years. 
Mr.  Main  was  the  youngest,  but  one,  of  a  family  of  eleven,  seven  of  whom  grew 
to  maturity. 

Having  received  a  public-school  education  in  Nairn,  Mr.  Main  was  then  ap- 
prenticed to  the  carpenter's  trade  and  served  a  period  of  five  years.  As  soon 
as  his  apprenticeship  was  completed  he  left  for  America,  believing  that  greater 
opportunities  were  to  be  found  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic.  Arriving  in  Penn- 
sylvania in  March,  1887,  he  followed  his  trade  in  Philadelphia  and  throughout 
the  state  for  four  years.  While  there  he  was  appointed  head  carpenter  on  board 
the  state  training  ship  Saratoga.  In  March,  1891,  he  came  to  Vancouver,  Brit- 
ish Columbia,  and  followed  his  trade  until  1898.  In  that  year  he  left  his  family 
in  this  city.  Then  making  his  way  to  northern  British  Columbia  he  contracted 
as  a  carpenter  and  builder  in  Atlin  and  White  Horse  during  the  years  1898  to 
1902.  While  in  Atlin  he  built  the  government  houses,  the  Bank  of  British  North 
America  buildings,  the  Kootenay  Hotel  and  many  other  works.  In  the  fall  of 
1900  he  built  scows  for  himself,  loaded  them  with  lumber  in  Atlin  and  crossed 
the  lakes  to  White  Horse,  where  lumber  was  very  scarce,  costing  sixty  dol- 
lars per  thousand  feet  in  Atlin  and  bringing  one  hundred  and  forty  dollars  per 
thousand  in  White  Horse.  These  were  the  first  loaded  scows  to  go  down  the 
river  from  Atlin.  The  oars  which  were  forty-five  feet  long  with  eleven-inch 
blades,  made  from  small  trees,  were  used  for  steering  purposes.  At  White 
Horse  he  built  the  hospital  and  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  remained  in  the 
far  north  until  1902,  when  he  returned  to  Vancouver.  Upon  his  arrival  here  he 
entered  the  employ  of  Messrs.  McKenzie  Brothers  as  their  shore  carpenter  and 
remained  with  them  until  the  fall  of  1904.  He  then  formed  a  partnership  with 
T.  G.  McBride,  engaging  in  the  building-material  business,  and  so  continued  sue- 


DAVID  MAIN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  705 

cessfully  until  August,  1911,  when  he  dissolved  the  partnership.  He  has  since 
been  largely  engaged  in  looking  after  his  private  interests.  The  success  of  David 
Main  proves  the  value  of  close  application  and  steady  work,  for  he  has  attained 
to  a  substantial  place  among  the  residents  of  Vancouver  by  doing  the  work  near- 
est at  hand  in  the  best  way  possible.  He  has  ever  been  upright  in  all  his  dealings 
and,  therefore,  has  won  a  fair  measure  of  success. 

Mr.  Main  has  been  married  three  times.  On  the  2Oth  of  February,  1891, 
he  wedded  Janet  Mein  Main,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons,  Robert  and  James,  who 
are  strong  and  stalwart  lads  of  much  promise,  standing  almost  six  feet  in 
height.  They  are  now  being  educated  abroad.  The  wife  and  mother  passed 
away  suddenly  on  the  8th  of  October,  1895,  and  on  the  I3th  of  December,  1901, 
at  Kamloops,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Main  married  Janet  Ian.  Unto  them  was 
born  a  son,  William  Ian,  who  is  at  home.  On  the  nth  of  January,  1908,  after 
a  lingering  illness,  the  mother  was  called  to  her  final  rest.  Mr.  Main  returned 
to  his  native  land  and  on  the  2ist  of  February,  1912,  was  there  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Helen  Ross,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Ann  (Simpson)  Ross,  of 
Burghead,  Scotland.  Her  father  was  a  man  widely  and  favorably  known  in  his 
native  section  as  a  successful  fish  curer.  His  demise  occurred  at  Burghead, 
where  the  mother  still  resides  at  the  ripe  old  age  of  eighty-four.  They  reared 
a  family  of  fourteen  children,  eleven  of  whom  are  yet  living.  Mrs.  Helen  Main 
is  a  lady  of  many  accomplishments  and  excellent  traits  of  character  and  has 
won  the  love  and  esteem  of  all  who  know  her. 

In  his  political  views  Mr.  Main  is  a  liberal  and  has  always  interested  himself 
in  politics.  He  belongs  to  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters,  holding  mem- 
bership in  Court  Burrard,  No.  347.  As  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church 
he  h'as  always  taken  an  active  interest  in  matters  concerning  it.  Quietly  pursuing 
his  course,  Mr.  Main  has  made  his  mark  in  the  world  and  has  ever  done  his  full 
share  as  a  citizen  of  his  community.  He  is  a  public-spirited  man  in  the  best 
sense  of  the  world,  loyal  to  his  city,  to  its  traditions  and  to  its  interests. 


FRANCIS  MAWSON  RATTENBURY. 

Has  it  ever  been  your  good  fortune,  gentle  reader,  to  enter  the  harbor  of  Vic- 
toria, British  Columbia,  on  a  summer's  afternoon  or  evening?  If  so,  you  will 
recall  a  scene  of  memorable  loveliness.  In  the  foreground  a  fleet  of  pleasure-boats 
riding  at  anchor  in  James  Bay ;  on  the  left  the  large  business  blocks  of  the  com- 
mercial section  of  the  city;  directly  in  front  of  you  the  majestic  Empress  Hotel 
of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  system :  on  the  right  the  imposing  legislative 
buildings  of  the  government  of  the  province;  and  the  whole  picture  framed  by 
a  massive  stone  causeway,  beyond  which  lie  beautiful  green  lawns  dotted  with 
flowers  and  shrubbery.  If  you  have  seen  this  you  must  have  been  impressed,  as 
has  everyone  else,  with  what  is  unanimously  declared  to  be  one  of  the  most 
strikingly  beautiful  spots  to  be  found  in  the  whole  world,  and  you  will  be  interested, 
therefore,  in  learning  that  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  Francis  Mawson  Rattenbury, 
more  than  anyone  else  contributed  to  such  splendid  achievement  in  civic  develop- 
ment. For  it  was  his  genius  which  reared  those  two  great  structures — the  Parlia- 
ment buildings  and  the  Empress  Hotel,  which  will  ever  stand  as  a  monument  to 
his  skill.  It  was  his  brain  that  developed  plans  and  ideas  which,  when  put  into 
effect,  produced  these  magnificent  specimens  of  architectural  art. 

A  few  months  after  Mr.  Rattenbury 's  arrival  from  England  in  1892,  he  entered 
in  a  competition  which  was  open  to  the  whole  world  for  plans  for  the  Parliament 
buildings  at  Victoria.  No  less  than  sixty-seven  of  the  most  competent  men  in 
the  profession  essayed  to  win  the  tempting  prize.  It  was  stipulated  that  all  plans 
should  be  sent  in  anonymously  so  that  there  could  not  be  grounds  for  the  slightest 
suspicion  of  favoritism ;  and  they  were  sent  to  Montreal  to  be  judged.  This  was 
admittedly  a  severe  test,  and  Mr.  Rattenbury's  success  is  therefore  all  the  more 


706  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

notable  and  important.  Shortly  after  the  prize  for  the  most  acceptable  plan  had 
been  awarded,  work  was  commenced  on  the  buildings  and  they  were  duly  com- 
pleted and  opened  in  1898.  Since  that  date  scores  of  the  most  eminent  members 
of  the  profession  throughout  the  world  have  visited  Victoria,  and  expressed  not 
only  approval  of  the  type  of  architecture  in  Mr.  Rattenbury's  design,  but  amaze- 
ment that  at  this  remote  outpost  of  the  empire  should  be  found  one  of  the  most 
strikingly  beautiful  public  buildings  in  existence.  But  it  remained  for  His  Majesty, 
King  George,  to  pay  the  crowning  tribute  to  Mr.  Rattenbury's  genius.  Concluding 
his  trip  around  the  world  (then  Prince  of  Wales)  His  Royal  Highness  visited 
Victoria  and  was  presented  with  an  address  on  the  steps  of  the  Parliament  build- 
ings. On  reaching  England  and  describing  his  impressions  on  his  great  imperial 
tour,  he  mentioned  that  he  had  been  much  struck  with  the  many  fine  public  build- 
ings in  Canada — "two  of  which  had  left  an  imperishable  impression  on  his  mind, 
the  Parliament  buildings  at  Ottawa,  and  the  legislative  buildings  at  Victoria." 
Just  here  it  may  be  mentioned  that  at  this  writing  the  government  of  British 
Columbia  has  well  under  way  large  additions  to  the  present  buildings,  including 
a  library  building,  drawn  to  plans  by  Mr.  Rattenbury.  These  works  will  entail 
an  expenditure  of  several  million  dollars. 

Mr.  Rattenbury  was  born  at  Leeds,  England,  in  October,  1867,  a  son  of  John 
and  Mary  (Mawson)  Rattenbury.  After  a  liberal  education  at  the  Leeds  grammar 
school  and  Yorkshire  College,  he  became  an  articled  pupil  in  the  well  known  archi- 
tectural firm  of  Lockwood  &  Mawson,  the  latter  member  of  the  firm  being  his  uncle. 
Here,  in  a  concern  already  famous,  and  one  selected  to  compete  for  the  magnificent 
Law  Courts  buildings  in  London,  he  received  that  groundwork  in  the  profession 
which  developed  that  latent  genius  which  later  found  expression  in  the  noble 
piles  which  grace  the  gateway  to  the  city  of  Victoria.  After  five  years  of  close 
study  as  a  pupil,  he  was  admitted  to  a  practice  in  the  firm ;  and  this  he  followed 
for  about  two  years.  Then  came  his  departure  for  Canada  and  his  location  in 
British  Columbia. 

It  was  but  natural,  following  his  success  with  the  Parliament  buildings  at  Vic- 
toria, that  his  services  should  be  much  in  demand.  The  Canadian  Pacific  Railway, 
always  in  search  of  talent,  quickly  seized  upon  the  opportunity  of  enlisting  the 
genius  of  this  new  light  in  the  architectural  world,  and  deluged  him  with  work, 
which  he  took  up  with  that  great  energy  and  determination  that  have  characterized 
all  his  career.  The  Empress  Hotel  at  Victoria  is  of  course  the  most  notable  and 
conspicuous  of  his  many  successful  undertakings  for  the  great  Canadian  Transpor- 
tation Company. 

Other  large  corporations  also  enlisted  his  services.  Thus  in  open  competition 
he  won  the  commission  for  the  Bank  of  Montreal's  new  building  in  Victoria,  which 
was  followed  by  orders  for  many  other  bank  premises  for  the  same  financial  con- 
cern. He  found  time,  however,  during  this  strenuous  period,  to  design  many  of 
the  beautiful  residences,  which  adorn  Victoria,  "the  City  of  Homes,"  and  also 
residences  at  Vancouver  and,  indeed,  in  the  whole  of  western  Canada.  A  splendid 
type  of  his  art  in  applying  the  Colonial  style  of  architecture  is  to  be  found  in 
Government  House,  Victoria,  the  official  home  of  the  lieutenant-governor  of  the 
capital  city  of  British  Columbia. 

In  191 1  he  was  awarded  the  work  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Pacific  Railway  Company 
— designing  the  many  hotels  of  the  company  in  the  west,  the  most  notable  of 
which  is  the  Prince  Rupert,  at  the  city  of  that  name,  the  terminus  on  the  Pacific 
of  the  railway,  which  when  completed  will  cost  two  million  dollars.  For  the  same 
railway  company  he  has  designed  beautiful  mountain  hotel  resorts.  Two  of  the 
chief  of  these  are  located  at  Mount  Robson  and  Jasper  Creek,  costing  one  million 
dollars  each.  He  has  also  in  hand  magnificent  depots  and  terminals  for  the  Grand 
Trunk  Pacific  at  Prince  Rupert. 

Despite  his  devotion  to  his  art,  Mr.  Rattenbury  has  found  time  to  cultivate  a 
strong  instinct  for  commercial  ventures  and  with  conspicuous  success.  As  early 
as  1896  he  designed  and  had  built  a  new  type  of  portable  house  for  which  there 
sprung  up  a  great  demand.  A  first  shipment  was  sent  to  the  far-off  Canary  islands, 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  707 

and  he  was  immediately  deluged  'with  orders  for  many  more ;  but  larger  under- 
takings claiming  his  attention,  he  abandoned  this  line  of  endeavor.  Another  sample 
of  his  versatility  may  here  be  given — he  joined  in  the  first  venture  to  put  into 
practical  effect  the  idea  of  shipping  frozen  salmon  to  Europe,  which  proved  the 
forerunner  of  a  trade  which  has  now  assumed  immense  proportions. 

Nor  is  this  all.  In  1898  during  the  memorable  Klondike  gold  excitement, 
famous  sea-faring  men,  great  steamship  corporations,  and,  in  fact,  any  who  had 
sufficient  nerve,  attempted  to  open  the  water  route  to  the  Yukon.  Millions  were 
spent,  and  all  to  no  purpose,  and  then  Mr.  Rattenbury,  in  an  independent  venture, 
finally  hit  upon  an  idea  which  worked  out  successfully.  At  Victoria  he  had  built 
three  boats,  which  were  shipped,  knocked-down,  and  cost  each  five  thousand  dol- 
lars, to  Skagway.  They  were  packed  to  Lake  Bennett,  where  they  were  to  be 
launched.  To  transport  them  over  the  Pass  with  all  the  attendant  hardships  cost 
seventy-five  thousand  dollars,  at  the  rate  of  thirty  cents  per  pound.  The  boats 
were  sixty  feet  long  constructed  especially  to  meet  the  necessities  of  the  perilous 
undertaking.  He  was  laughed  at,  called  a  fool  for  his  pains,  but  he  was  made  of 
stern  stuff,  and  took  the  chance.  He  scored  a  complete  and  great  success  in  this 
venture.  These  steamers,  the  Ora,  Nora,  and  Flora,  are  known  to  all  the  pioneers 
of  the  Yukon.  They  for  a  time  had  a  monopoly  of  the  steamboat  traffic  on  the 
waterways  leading  to  the  Yukon.  The  boats  brought  the  first  gold  from  the  famous 
Klondike  region,  and  Mr.  Rattenbury  and  his  associates  continued  to  operate  them 
until  1900  when  the  fleet  was  acquired  by  the  White  Pass  &  Yukon  Railway  Com- 
pany. Mr.  Rattenbury  was  no  stranger  to  the  Yukon.  In  1897  he  bought  sixty 
head  of  cattle,  which  he  sent  through  to  Dawson  after  a  perilous  expedition,  arriving 
just  in  time  to  prevent  the  inhabitants  from  starving. 

In  addition  to  his  many  professional  activities,  Mr.  Rattenbury  is  a  director 
of  the  Melrose  Company,  painting,  papering  and  decorating,  one  of  the  largest 
concerns  in  the  province,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the  founders.  He  was  also  one 
of  the  organizers  and  is  a  director  of  the  Edmonton  Breweries,  Ltd. 

At  this  writing  Mr.  Rattenbury  is  reeve  of  the  Oak  Bay  district,  a  charming 
neighboring  municipality  of  Victoria,  towards  the  developing  of  which  he  is 
rendering  conspicuous  service.  His  own  home  at  Oak  Bay  is  one  of  the  most 
charming  country  residences  to  be  found  in  the  entire  west.  It  may  be  also  men- 
tioned, that  Mr.  Rattenbury  is  advisory  architect  for  the  Uplands,  Ltd.,  which 
firm  is  developing  one  of  the  choicest  residential  tracts  in  the  world,  on  a  property 
which  overlooks  Cadbora  Bay. 

In  1911  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  president  of  the  British  Columbia  Archi- 
tectural Association,  and  is  now  honorary  president  of  that  body.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Union  Club,  Vancouver  Club,  Royal  Automobile  Club  (London)  and  Royal 
Yacht  Club  (Victoria).  He  takes  the  keenest  interest  in  all  forms  of  athletic 
sport. 

In  1898  Mr.  Rattenbury  was  married  to  Miss  Florence  Nunn,  of  Victoria,  and 
he  has  two  children,  Francis  Burgoyne  and  Mary.  Personally,  like  all  men  of 
achievement,  he  is  extremely  modest  in  demeanor  and  conduct.  Amongst  his  inti- 
mates he  is  voted  a  jolly  good  fellow — and  Victoria  and  British  Columbia  are  proud 
to  number  him  amongst  their  most  progressive  citizens. 


THOMAS  HANEY. 

Thomas  Haney,  in  whose  honor  the  town  of  Port  Haney  was  named  when 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  extended  their  lines  through  this  section  of  the 
country,  is  one  of  the  widely  known  pioneer  ranchers  of  this  district,  of  which 
he  has  been  a  resident  for  more  than  thirty-five  years.  He  is  a  native  of  Nova 
Scotia,  his  birth  having  occurred  on  Cape  Breton  island,  July  22,  1841,  and  a 
son  of  Dennis  and  Bridget  (Handlen)  Haney,  who  are  deceased. 


708  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

The  early  years  in  the  life  of  Thomas  Haney  were  passed  in  the  province  of 
Ontario,  where  he  pursued  his  education  in  the  public  schools  until  he  was  a  youth 
of  fifteen.  He  then  learned  brick-making,  which  trade  he  there  followed  for 
twenty  years.  In  1876,  he  crossed  the  continent  to  California,  locating  in  the 
Sacramento  valley, -but  after  a  brief  sojourn  there  he  continued  his  journey  to 
British  Columbia,  New  Westminster  being  his  destination.  From  there  he  came 
to  the  present  site  of  Port  Haney  in  1877,  and  here  he  homesteaded  a  hundred 
and  sixty  acres  of  land  in  the  cultivation  and  improvement  of  which  he  diligently 
engaged  for  many  years.  He  prospered  in  his  undertakings  and  after  the  town 
of  Haney  was  founded  he  here  established  a  brickyard,  which  he  operated  with 
a  good  measure  of  success  until  eleven  years  ago.  He  then  disposed  of  this 
industry  and  subsequently  invested  the  proceeds  in  a  livery  stable  he  still  owns 
but  has  turned  over  to  the  management  of  one  of  his  sons.  As  he  has  now 
attained  the  advanced  age  of  seventy-two  years,  Mr.  Haney  has  entirely  with- 
drawn from  active  business  and  is  spending  the  evening  of  life  in  well  earned 
ease  and  rest. 

At  Paris,  Ontario,  on  the  I4th  of  October,  1873,  Mr.  Haney  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Anna  Calligan,  a  daughter  of  Daniel  Calligan,  and  to  them  were 
born  six  children :  Daniel,  who  married  Miss  May  Knox ;  Frank ;  Anna,  deceased ; 
Elizabeth ;  Maud,  now  Mrs.  Morrison ;  and  May,  who  is  deceased. 

In  religious  faith  the  family  are  loyal  to  the  teachings  of  the  Roman  Catholic 
church,  and  politically  Mr.  Haney  supports  the  conservative  party.  He  has 
served  on  the  council  for  about  fourteen  years  and  he  and  his  son,  Daniel,  own 
the  water  rights  of  Port  Haney  and  supply  the  water  to  the  village  at  very  low 
rates.  He  is  one  of  those,  who  have  contributed  to  the  upbuilding  and  develop- 
ment of  the  town  by  the  intelligent  and  capable  manner  in  which  he  has  directed 
his  business  affairs  as  well  as  by  the  public  spirit  he  has  manifested  in  matters 
of  citizenship. 

DAVID  EVANS. 

For  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  the  energies  of  David  Evans  have  been 
devoted  to  diversified  farming  and  dairying  in  the  vicinity  of  Somenos,  where 
he  owns  a  hundred  acres  of  fertile  land  in  the  development  of  which  he  has 
met  with  a  good  measure  of  success.  He  was  born  in  Montgomeryshire,  North 
Wales,  in  June,  1843,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Esther  Evans,  likewise  natives 
of  Wales,  where  they  passed  their  entire  lives. 

The  son  of  a  farmer,  David  Evans  was  reared  in  the  simple  manner  of  the 
country  folk  of  that  section,  being  given  such  advantages  as  fell  to  the  lot  of  the 
majority  of  lads  with  whom  he  associated.  He  attended  school  until  he  was 
fifteen,  and  when  not  engaged  with  his  studies  assisted  with  the  work  about 
the  farm.  The  son  of  hard-working  people  he  early  had  instilled  in  him  the 
habits  of  thrift  and  industry  which  have  characterized  him  through  life  and  won 
him  such  success  as  he  has  enjoyed.  Upon  leaving  school  he  diligently  applied 
himself  to  mastering  the  problems  of  practical  agriculture,  under  the  direction 
of  his  father,  whom  he  assisted  with  the  duties  of  the  farm  until  he  was  nine- 
teen. The  colonies  had  long  had  a  strong  fascination  for  him,  as  in  common 
with  the  majority  of  youths  he  longed  to  pursue  his  career  under  new  conditions 
and  amid  different  surroundings  from  those  in  which  he  was  born.  Therefore 
about  1862,  he  left  home  and  took  passage  for  British  Columbia.  As  none  of 
the  transcontinental  railways  had  yet  been  thought  of  he  had  to  make  the  trip 
by  way  of  Panama  and  San  Francisco,  with  Victoria  as  his  destination.  They 
made  the  journey  in  about  six  weeks, — excellent  time  for  that  period  even  under 
the  most  favorable  conditions.  The  first  three  years  of  his  residence  in  this 
country  were  passed  in  Victoria,  where  he  followed  any  occupation  which  afforded 
him  an  opportunity  of  making  an  honest  living.  At  the  expiration  of  that  time 


711 

he  came  to  Duncan  and  took  up  a  hundred  acres  of  timber  land.  He  cut  the 
trees  by  hand  and  hauled  them  away  with  an  ox  team,  the  work  progressing 
slowly  owing  to  primitive  methods.  However,  he  worked  early  and  late  in  his 
efforts  to  hurry  operations  and  during  the  period  of  his  residence  brought  a  large 
portion  of  the  tract  under  cultivation.  At  the  end  of  five  years  he  turned  the  place 
over  to  his  brother,  James  Evans,  who  had  recently  come  from  California.  For 
some  time  thereafter  he  worked  in  the  lumber  woods,  but  he  subsequently  re- 
turned to  this  section  and  took  up  another  hundred  acres  of  wild  land  at  Somenos. 
This  was  likewise  covered  with  a  dense  growth  of  timber  and  its  clearing  in- 
volved the  most  severe  labor.  He  had  resolved  to  establish  a  home  here,  how- 
ever, and  applied  himself  to  his  undertaking  with  the  determination  of  purpose 
which  brings  results.  As  soon  as  he  had  placed  a  portion  of  his  holding  under 
cultivation  he  bought  some  cattle  and  engaged  in  the  dairy  business,  having  been 
the  first  settler  to  ship  milk  to  Nanaimo.  He  engaged  in  dairying  and  diversified 
farming  with  a  good  measure  of  success,  continuing  active  until  a  year  or  so 
'ago.  Mr.  Evans  has  of  recent  years  erected  a  larger,  modernly  appointed,  sub- 
stantial house  to  take  the  place  of  the  log  cabin  he  first  built  on  his  homestead, 
and  he  has  added  further  to  its  value  by  a  number  of  other  improvements. 

In  April,  1878,  Mr.  Evans  married  Miss  Margaret  McLay,  a  daughter  of  Robert 
and  Elizabeth  (Crawford)  McLay,  natives  of  Scotland.  They  came  to  British 
Columbia  among  its  earliest  pioneers,  in  1862,  but  subsequently  crossed  the  border 
to  California,  in  which  state  they  made  their  home  for  several  years,  returning 
to  British  Columbia  in  1873  and  making  settlement  in  the  Cowichan  valley.  Mr. 
McLay  at  one  time  owned  five  to  six  hundred  acres  of  land  but  has  since  disposed 
of  some  of  the  property.  Three  hundred  and  ten  acres,  however,  are  still  retained 
in  the  family.  Mrs.  McLay  is  deceased  and  her  husband  now  makes  his  home 
with  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Evans.  The  latter  became  the  parents  of  eleven  children: 
Harry ;  Bessie,  who  married  Thomas  Costley,  of  Cowichan ;  Robert,  who  wedded 
a  Miss  Bishop,  of  Victoria;  James;  John;  Esther,  the  wife  of  John  Costley,  of 
Somenos;  Mary  Ann,  deceased,  who  was  the  wife  of  William  Nicholson,  of 
Ontario ;  and  William,  George,  Robina  and  Margaret. 

Mr.  Evans  is  one  of  the  well  known  pioneers  of  this  section,  having  located 
here  long  before  the  railroad  was  built  and  many  years  before  the  town  of  Duncan 
was  established.  He  has  never  figured  conspicuously  in  public  affairs  but  is 
recognized  as  one  of  the  enterprising  and  progressive  citizens  of  his  community 
by  reason  of  the  encouragement  he  has  accorded  the  various  movements  inaugur- 
ated to  promote  the  development  of  the  country  and  advance  the  welfare  of  its 
citizens.  His  residence  covers  the  great  formative  period  in  the  history  of  this 
district,  the  transformation  of  which  he  has  witnessed  from  practically  a  forest 
to  one  of  the  richest  agricultural  sections  in  the  province  and  he  has  the  satis- 
faction of  knowing  that  he  has  been  one  of  those  who  has  contributed  his  full 
share- and  more  in  forwarding  this  development. 


DONALD  CAMERON. 

Donald  Cameron  is  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  Cleveland  &  Cameron,  civil 
engineers  and  surveyors  of  Vancouver.  His  entire  life  has  been  devoted  to  the 
profession  in  which  he  is  engaged  and  his  broadening  experience  has  constantly 
developed  his  ability  and  called  forth  his  latent  powers  and  resources.  He  was 
born  at  Appin,  Argyle,  Scotland,  a  son  of  Angus  and  Elizabeth  Campbell  (Mac- 
Donald)  Cameron,  the  former  a  member  of  the  Glen  Nevis  branch  of  the  Camer- 
ons.  The  son  attended  the  Appin  school,  the  normal  school  of  Glasgow  and 
the  Glasgow  University,  and  having  completed  a  course  in  civil  engineering, 
entered  upon  the  active  practice  of  the  profession.  He  served  an  apprenticeship 
in  Glasgow  with  David  Smith  and  Ritchie  Rodger  and  he  was  for  six  years 
resident  engineer  on  works  of  bridge  building,  road  and  street  making,  sewerage 


712  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

and  water  supplies.  He  has  made  his  home  in  Vancouver  since  1907  and  has 
become  well  established  as  a  prominent  representative  of  his  profession  in  this 
city.  He  served  as  city  surveyor  of  Exeter  for  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century 
or  from  January,  1878,  until  September,  1902,  this  position  being  equivalent 
in  this  country  to  that  of  city  engineer.  When  Mr.  Cameron  retired  from  office 
on  September  25,  1902,  an  elaborately  embossed  testimonial  was  presented  to 
him  by  the  mayor  and  councilmen  expressing  deep  appreciation  of  his  valuable 
services  in  connection  with  furnishing  the  city  with  a  most  adequate  and  satis- 
factory water  and  sewer  service  and  regretting  greatly  his  leavetaking  from  the 
position  which  he  had  so  long  and  so  capably  filled.  This  expression  of  grate- 
fulness was  most  appropriate  and  fitting,  as  the  particular  system  which  had 
been  installed  by  Mr.  Cameron  in  Exeter  was  not  an  already  adopted  type  but 
a  new  invention  of  his  genius,  for  it  was  he  who  invented  that  so  called  "Septic 
Tank  System"  of  sewerage,  which  name  he  gave  it,  and  it  was  first  used  in 
Exeter.  Mr.  Cameron  also  developed  the  automatic  system  of  sewage  filtration 
which  is  now  widely  used.  These  systems  are  known  all  over  the  world  and 
letters  of  inquiry  have  reached  Mr.  Cameron  from  Russia,  New  Zealand  and 
many  other  countries  asking  him  to  explain  their  methods  and  way  of  operation. 
Engineers  from  many  lands  came  to  Exeter  after  the  new  systems  were  installed 
to  make  inquiries  and  inspect  the  plants.  The  services  which  Mr.  Cameron 
has  rendered  in  this  connection  cannot  be  too  highly  estimated  and  place  him 
among  the  foremost  engineers  who  occupy  themselves  with  water-supply-system 
and  sewage-disposal  problems. 

On  the  3ist  of  October,  1879,  Mr.  Cameron  was  married  at  Alloa,  Clack- 
mannanshire,  to  Miss  Margaret  Johnstone,  a  daughter  of  John  Johnstone,  of 
Carsebridge,  Alloa.  The  children  of  this  marriage  are:  Angus  Johnstone,  who 
married  Ivy  Power,  daughter  of  the  late  Dr.  Power,  of  London,  England;  Ivan 
Johnstone;  Ursula  Campbell,  the  wife  of  Ernest  Dowie,  of  North  Vancouver; 
Hazelton  Robson;  Elizabeth  Johnstone,  the  wife  of  Sydney  Humphreys,  of 
Vancouver;  Euan  Donald;  James  Johnstone;  Colin  and  Somerled. 

Mr.  Cameron  was  a  member  of  the  Nineteenth  Lanark  Rifle  Volunteers,  the 
First  Rifle  Volunteers  of  Exeter  and  the  First  Devon  and  Somerset  Royal 
Engineer  Volunteers.  He  retired  with  the  rank  of  captain  and  the  long  service 
medal.  Since  1883  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity  and  in  his 
life  has  exemplified  the  beneficent  spirit  of  the  craft,  although  he  has  never 
sought  official  honors  in  the  order. 


THOMAS  ARTHUR  O'CONNOR. 

Thomas  Arthur  O'Connor  was  born  in  Campbellton,  New  Brunswick,  on  the 
27th  of  February,  1859,  eldest  son  of  Francis  and  Elizabeth  O'Connor,  who  were 
farmers  of  that  place.  His  education  was  acquired  in  the  public  schools,  after 
which  he  sought  employment  in  connection  with  railroad  work  on  the  Inter-Colonial 
Railroad.  Afterward  he  came  to  British  Columbia  in  March,  1883,  arriving  in 
New  Westminster  when  a  young  man  of  twenty- four  years.  He  was  familiar  with 
many  experiences  of  pioneer  life  in  British  Columbia.  He  was  first  employed 
at  Yale  on  the  construction  work  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  when  Mr. 
Onderdonk  was  supervisor.  He  also  drove  stage  from  Yale  to  Cariboo,  where 
in  many  places  the  road  was  so  narrow  that  it  was  almost  impossible  for  two 
teams  to  pass  one  another.  Running  along  the  edge  of  very  high  cliffs  made  it 
very  dangerous  traveling.  He  next  was  employed  at  the  Bon  Accord  Hatchery, 
on  the  Fraser  river,  for  several  years.  He  skated  on  the  ice,  down  the  river, 
from  the  hatchery  to  New  Westminster,  a  distance  of  about  three  miles  about 
the  year  1884  or  1885.  On  the  expiration  of  his  service  at  the  hatchery  he  was 
appointed  outside  guard  at  the  provincial  jail.  This  was  in  the  year  1887  and 
he  there  remained  until  1903  when  he  was  superannuated,  on  account  of  ill  health, 


THOMAS   A.   O'CONNOR 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  715 

and  retired  on  a  pension,  having  served  in  that  position  for  more  than  a  quarter 
of  a  century.  He  figured  in  preventing  many  attempted  jail  breaks  and  was 
usually  successful  in  frustrating  all  such  plans  to  escape  justice  and  evade  the 
law.  He  broke  in  many  a  team  of  horses  while  in  the  government  employ  and 
was  also  very  fond  of  hunting.  Pitt  Meadows  and  Mud  Bay  were  his  favorite 
hunting  spots  for  ducks,  etc. 

Mr.  O'Connor  was  married  to  Miss  Nettie  Bell  of  Vancouver  in  1887,  and  to 
this  union  were  born  ten  children,  Mrs.  Greta  Cook,  Leslie,  George,  Mrs.  Mildred 
Reid,  Elizabeth,  Garfield,  Lincoln,  Frances,  Arthur  and  Erma,  who  died  in  infancy. 
Mr.  O'Connor  was  devoted  to  his  family  and  enjoyed  the  high  regard  of  many 
friends.  He  was  a  fancier  of  poultry,  which  he  raised  and  exhibited,  winning 
many  prizes.  He  was  considered  one  of  the  best  judges  of  poultry  in  the  province 
and  his  own  poultry  yard  showed  as  fine  specimens  as  could  be  found  anywhere. 
A  conservative  in  politics,  he  belonged  to  the  Odd  Fellows  and  was  a  true 
and  devoted  member  of  the  Methodist  church  for  many  years.  His  life  was 
actuated  by  high  and  honorable  principles  and  he  always  aimed  for  the  high  stand- 
ard of  righteousness.  He  had  a  bright  disposition  which  endeared  him  to  all. 
He  passed  away  to  his  reward  in  Heaven,  on  the  2d  of  July,  1910,  leaving  behind 
him  a  memory  fondly  cherished  by  his  family  and  all  who  knew  him. 


HENRY  FREDERICK  HEISTERMAN. 

On  the  list  of  Victoria's  honored  dead  appears  the  name  of  Henry  Frederick 
Heisterman,  who  for  thirty-four  years  was  an  active  factor  in  shaping  the  busi- 
ness development  of  the  city,  gaining  during  that  time  a  personal  success  which 
placed  him  among  men  of  marked  ability  and  substantial  worth.  He  was  among 
the  earliest  residents  of  the  city,  arriving  here  in  1862,  and  shortly  afterward  he 
became  connected  with  the  real-estate  business,  conducting  a  large  enterprise  of 
this  character  until  his  death.  He  was  born  in  Bremen,  Germany,  July  22,  1832, 
and  was  a  descendant  of  an  old  and  highly  respected  German  family.  He 
acquired  his  education  in  his  native  country  and  when  eighteen  years  of  age 
moved  to  Dantzic,  where  for  three  years  thereafter  he  engaged  in  commercial 
pursuits.  In  1853  he  removed  to  Liverpool,  England,  and  engaged  in  the  com- 
mission business  there  until  1862,  becoming  during  that  time  a  citizen  of  Great 
Britain.  Rumors  of  gold  discoveries  attracted  him  to  the  Pacific  coast  and  he 
landed  in  Victoria  in  August,  1862.  His  quest  for  gold  proved  unsuccessful, 
however,  and  he  turned  his  attention  to  the  establishment  of  a  reading-room  and 
Chamber  of  Commerce  in  this  city,  meeting  with  fair  success  in  their  conduct. 
He  disposed  of  his  interests,  however,  at  the  end  of  six  months  and  began  deal- 
ing in  paints  and  glass  in  partnership  with  John  Banks.  Their  association  ter- 
minated eight  months  later  and  in  1864  Mr.  Heisterman  engaged  in  the  real-estate 
and  insurance  business,  and  the  concern  under  his  able  management  became  one 
of  the  largest  of  its  kind  in  the  province.  Twenty-six  years  after  its  foundation, 
in  1884,  G.  W.  Haynes  became  a  partner  and  this  relationship  continued  until 
Mr.  Heisterman's  death,  which  occurred  August  29,  1896.  He  was  at  that  time 
the  head  of  a  large  business  concern  which  owed  its  foundation  to  his  initiative 
and  enterprise  and  its  continued  and  remarkable  growth  to  his  business  ability 
and  organizing  power.  He  owned  also  valuable  holdings  in  city  property  individ- 
ually and  was  a  man  of  considerable  wealth  which  he  had  won  by  his  own  efforts 
and  which  he  used  always  wisely  and  worthily. 

In  1872  Mr.  Heisterman  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Laura  Adams 
Haynes,  a  daughter  of  Perly  Haynes,  of  the  state  of  Maine.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Heisterman  became  the  parents  of  seven  children,  six  of  whom  are  living,  as 
follows :  Bernard  S.,  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Heisterman  &  Forman,  of  Victoria, 
this  being  the  outgrowth  of  a  concern  established  by  the  subject  of  this  review; 


716  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Laura  Agnes,  the  wife  of  D.  R.  Ker,  a  record  of  whom  appears  elsewhere  in 
this  work;  Sylvia  L.,  who  married  R.  E.  Brett,  of  Victoria;  Verna  A.,  the  wife 
of  Arthur  G.  Smith;  Olive  Irene,  of  Victoria;  and  Henry  George,  who  is  practic- 
ing law  in  this  city. 

Mr.  Heisterman  was  a  broad-minded  and  clear-sighted  man,  and  his  interests 
extended  to  many  fields,  lying  always,  however,  along  lines  of  advancement  and 
progress.  For  a  number  of  years  he  served  on  the  board  of  school  trustees  and 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Victoria  Board  of  Trade  from  the  time  of  its  organi- 
zation until  his  death.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order,  having  taken 
the  degrees  of  the  York  Rite,  and  he  became  a  member  of  the  commandery. 
He  filled  many  of  the  offices  in  this  order  and  was  grand  secretary  of  the  grand 
lodge  of  the  province.  He  was  identified  also  with  the  Pioneer  Society  and 
indeed  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  in  Victoria,  witnessing  the  period  of  the 
city's  greatest  growth  and  development  and  bearing  an  active  and  honorable  part 
in  the  work  of  upbuilding.  His  business  activity  was  a  valuable  element  in  the 
early  progress  of  the  city  and  his  genuine  personal  worth  firmly  established  him  in 
the  regard  of  those  with  whom  he  was  associated. 


PETER  CURRAN  DUNLEVY. 

No  phase  of  pioneer  development  in  the  northwest  was  unfamiliar  to  Peter 
Curran  Dunlevy  and  in  many  ways  he  was  closely  connected  with  the  work 
of  development  and  improvement  as  different  lines  of  business  were  introduced 
and  the  country  was  opened  up  to  the  business  enterprises  which  have  pro- 
moted its  greatness  and  wrought  its  prosperity. 

Mr.  Dunlevy  was  born  in  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  October  21,  1833,  a  son 
of  Jeremiah  and  Rose  Dunlevy,  and  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city 
afforded  him  his  educational  privileges.  In  1854,  when  a  young  man  of  but 
twenty-one  years,  he  went  to  the  Feather  River  district  of  California  and  there 
engaged  in  buying  gold  from  the  miners.  In  1857  he  left  that  state  and  made 
his  way  northward  to  British  Columbia.  He  immediately  afterward  entered 
the  Cariboo  country  as  a  goldseeker,  being  one  of  the  first  to  arrive  in  that  dis- 
trict, in  which  he  continued  to  make  his  home  for  forty-five  years.  In  1858 
he  mined  on  the  Eraser  river,  which  he  followed  from  Yale,  mining  all  the 
way  along  the  Quesnelle  river  and  eventually  proceeding  up  that  river  to  the 
Forks.  He  followed  the  discovery  of  the  first  gold  strike  on  Butler  creek  and 
later  proceeded  on  to  Williams  creek.  No  phase  of  mining  life  and  experience 
in  the  Cariboo  country  was  unknown  to  him.  He  went  through  the  usual 
experiences  of  the  miner  who  seeks  gold  in  a  region  to  which  civilization  has 
not  hitherto  penetrated.  He  opened  a  store  at  Beaver  Lake  when  the  Cariboo 
trail  was  finished  in  1864  and  subsequently  removed  to  Mud  Lake  and  thence 
to  Soda  Creek.  In  1871  he  made  a  trip  to  the  Peace  river,  returning  in  one 
season.  At  Beaver  Lake  he  established  a  store  and  later  founded  trading 
posts  throughout  the  Cariboo  and  Peace  River  districts  until  at  one  time  he  was 
the  owner  of  a  chain  of  nine  trading  posts.  He  traded  furs  with  the  Indians 
and  furnished  outfits  for  the  miners,  and  in  fact  utilized  all  the  different  oppor- 
tunities for  trade  that  were  offered  in  the  frontier  country.  He  was  contin- 
uously engaged  in  these  enterprises  until  1896,  when  he  closed  out  the  different 
outposts  but  continued  his  trading  at  Soda  Creek,  in  connection  with  which 
he  was  also  engaged  in  farming  and  in  the  cattle  business.  He  owned  one 
thousand  acres  of  land,  one  half  of  which  was  under  cultivation.  His  last 
days  were  spent  at  Soda  Creek,  where  he  passed  away  October  15,  1905,  at 
the  age  of  seventy-two  years. 

The  efforts  of  Mr.  Dunlevy  were  an  important  feature  in  the  development 
and  upbuilding  of  the  sections  in  which  he  operated.  He  it  was  who  conceived 
the  idea  of  the  building  of  a  railway  from  Victoria  to  Sidney,  assisted  in 


PETER  CURRAN  DUNLEVY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  719 

getting  a  charter  for  a  company  and  in  the  raising  of  capital  for  the  construc- 
tion of  the  line.  He  was  also  influential  in  securing  the  charter  and  financing 
the  Nelson-Fort  Shepard  Railway  and  was  interested  in  mining  on  a  large 
scale  throughout  the  province,  especially  in  the  Cariboo  district.  He  spent 
nearly  two  hundred  thousand  dollars  in  the  installation  of  a  stamp  mill  at 
Island  Mountain  and  his  business  affairs  in  all  these  different  connections  were 
an  element  in  public  progress  as  well  as  in  individual  success,  so  that  the  name 
of  Peter  C.  Dunlevy  is  written  high  on  the  roll  of  western  Canada's  honored 
and  valued  pioneers. 

On  the  9th  of  November,  1875,  Mr.  Dunlevy  was  united  in  marriage,  at 
Victoria,  British  Columbia,  to  Miss  Jennie  Huston,  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Guy  Huston,  who  were  natives  of  Ireland  and  at  an  early  day  made  their  way 
to  San  Francisco.  It  was  in  that  city  that  Mrs.  Dunlevy  was  born,  November 
9,  1854,  but  during  her  early  girlhood  her  parents  removed  with  their  family 
to  Victoria.  Since  her  husband's  death  Mrs.  Dunlevy  has  become  the  wife  of 
Dr.  S.  E.  Mostyn-Hoops  and  still  resides  at  Soda  Creek.  By  her  first  mar- 
riage there  were  five  children :  Canissa,  now  living  in  New  York  city ;  Carlton, 
who  died  in  Vancouver  in  1910;  Gertrude,  the  wife  of  George  E.  Powell,  a 
barrister  of  Vancouver;  Stanley  P.,  living  in  Vancouver;  and  Marvin,  who 
is  attending  college  at  Portland,  Oregon. 

Mr.  Dunlevy  was  conservative  in  his  political  faith  and  a  Catholic  in  his 
religious  belief.  For  many  years  he  continued  a  resident  of  the  northwest 
and  was  a  link  between  the  pioneer  past  and  the  progressive  present,  his  mem- 
ory reaching  back  to  the  days  when  all  travel  was  done  by  way  of  the  rivers 
or  on  pack  horses  over  a  trail ;  when  it  was  the  desire  to  win  wealth  in  the 
mines  that  brought  the  majority  of  people  to  the  Cariboo,  and  when  conditions 
showed  every  evidence  of  a  frontier  existence.  The  miner's  camp  or  the  set- 
tler's rude  cabin  constituted  the  principal  features  in  most  districts  into  which 
the  white  man  had  penetrated,  and  around  him  were  all  the  evidences  of  prim- 
eval nature.  Mr.  Dunlevy  witnessed  the  great  changes  which  brought  about 
modern  development  and  was  active  among  the  business  men  whose  labors 
wrought  present  day  conditions.  Success  attended  his  efforts  and  he  won  not 
only  a  comfortable  competence  but  also  a  good  name  among  his  many  friends 
and  acquaintances. 

GEORGE  GIBBARD,  SR. 

George  Gibbard,  Sr.,  who  is  considered  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  in  the  Mis- 
sion district,  was  for  almost  a  quarter  of  a  century  closely  associated  with  agri- 
cultural interests  here,  the  period  of  his  activity  covering  the  time  of  the  greatest 
growth  and  development  of  this  part  of  the  province.  Out  of  the  wilderness  he 
hewed  a  model  farm  and,  keeping  pace  with  the  rapid  progress  of  the  province, 
gradually  accumulated  a  comfortable  fortune  which  has  enabled  him  to  retire 
from  active  life.  He  was  born  in  Buckinghamshire,  England,  May  2,  1853,  and 
is  a  son  of  Charles  and  Elizabeth  Gibbard,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away,  the 
father  having  followed  agricultural  pursuits  during  all  of  his  active  life. 

George  Gibbard  acquired  his  education  in  the  schools  of  Buckinghamshire  but 
at  the  early  age  of  eight  years  was  obliged  to  lay  aside  his  books  and  earn  his 
own  livelihood.  He  is  therefore  in  all  essential  respects  a  self-made  man  and 
the  hardships  of  his  early  life  engendered  in  his  character  qualities  of  self-reliance 
and  independence  which  formed  important  factors  in  his  later  success.  Until  he 
was  eighteen  years  of  age  he  worked  at  farm  labor  and  then  moved  into  Stafford- 
shire, where  he  learned  the  baker's  trade,  following  this  from  1871  to  1884.  In 
the  latter  year  he  emigrated  to  Canada,  taking  with  him  a  letter  from  the  agent 
at  Birmingham  to  the  agent  at  Quebec.  The  latter  gave  Mr.  Gibbard  and  his 
family  free  transportation  from  Quebec  to  Toronto  "because  he  was  considered 


720  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

a  superior  man  of  the  laboring  class."  At  Palmerston,  in  the  latter  province, 
he  established  a  bakery  and  after  conducting  this  for  two  and  a  half  years,  he 
sold  his  business.  Having  heard  of  the  wonderful  opportunities  which  the  west 
offered  and  disliking  the  severe  winters  in  the  east,  he  came  to  British  Columbia, 
settling  in  New  Westminster,  April  18,  1887.  After  remaining  a  short  time  in 
that  city  he  preempted  land  in  Cedar  valley  and  began  its  development  at  a  time 
when  pioneer  conditions  prevailed  everywhere.  For  miles  around  the  wilderness 
stretched  unbroken  by  roads  or  settlements.  On  account  of  these  conditions  Mr. 
Gibbard  was  obliged  to  pack  all  of  his  things  to  his  farm  upon  his  shoulders  and 
provisions  were  sent  from  New  Westminster,  the  nearest  town.  In  order  to  get 
his  children  to  school  he  had  to  cut  a  road  a  mile  in  length  through  the  woods. 
His  own  property  was  entirely  unimproved  and  covered  with  a  dense  growth 
of  timber.  This  Mr.  Gibbard  cleared,  setting  himself  with  courage  and  resolution 
to  the  great  task  of  developing  his  farm,  which  with  the  passing  years  became 
a  productive  and  valuable  property  and  a  general  stopping  place  for  the  new  set- 
tlers in  the  valley.  Mr.  Gibbard  is  considered  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  in  the 
Mission  district  and  the  years  have  brought  him  success,  prominence  and  a  sub- 
stantial fortune  which  enables  him  to  spend  his  later  years  in  rest  and  retirement. 
He  and  his  wife  now  reside  in  an  attractive  little  cottage  in  Mission,  while  three 
of  his  sons  continue  to  operate  the  ranch. 

On  the  3d  of  January,  1875,  Mr.  Gibbard  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Eliza  Cook,  a  daughter  of  Samuel  and  Mary  Ann  Cook,  of  England.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Gibbard  became  the  parents  of  thirteen  children,  ten  sons  and  three  daugh- 
ters, and  they  have  twenty-six  grandchildren,  all  their  progeny  living  in  the 
vicinity  of  Mission.  Mr.  Gibbard  is  a  member  of  the  -Methodist  church  and  is 
connected  fraternally  with  the  Royal  Templars.  He  takes  an  active  interest  in 
public  affairs  and  seven  years  ago  was  appointed  by  the  emigration  department 
of  the  Dominion  government  as  a  farmer's  delegate  to  England.  During  the 
period  of  his  residence  in  the  Mission  district  he  has  witnessed  practically  its 
entire  growth  and  development  and  his  own  work  has  been  an  important  factor 
in  progress,  his  success  placing  him  in  the  front  ranks  of  progressive  and  repre- 
sentative citizens. 


JOHN  THOMAS  CROOT. 

In  a  history  of  Vancouver's  commercial  and  industrial  development  it  is 
imperative  that  mention  be  made  of  John  Thomas  Croot,  a  prominent  clothing 
manufacturer,  whose  enterprise  and  ready  recognition  of  opportunity  have 
made  him  one  of  the  leading  factors  in  the  business  life  of  the  city.  He  was 
born  in  Devonshire,  England,  January  22,  1872,  a  son  of  Samuel  and  Susanna 
Croot,  the -former  for  many  years  an  instructor  in  the  British  navy  and  sub- 
sequently naval  stores  officer  at  Halifax,  with  full  charge  of  the  naval  stores 
in  that  city. 

John  T.  Croot  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Toronto 
and  Montreal  and  afterward  studied  law  in  the  offices  of  Fay,  Gwyne  &  Thomas, 
of  Toronto,  for  three  years.  However,  he  never  practiced  this  profession  for 
at  the  end  of  that  time  he  went  on  the  road  as  commercial  traveler  for  D.  W. 
Edwards,  a  prominent  manufacturer  of  woolen  goods  in  Toronto,  and  he  con- 
tinued in  this  capacity  for  three  years,  later  becoming  connected  with  Mont- 
gomery Ward  &  Company,  of  Chicago,  for  whom  his  brother-in-law  acts  as 
manager.  Mr.  Croot  continued  for  four  years  in  the  employ  of  this  concern 
and  then  in  1891  came  to  British  Columbia,  settling  in  Victoria,  where  for  the 
next  ten  years  he  engaged  in  the  tailoring  business,  moving  in  1901  to  Van- 
couver, where  he  has  since  resided.  Here  he  formed  a  partnership  with  Mr. 
Stokes  under  the  firm  name  of  Croot  &  Stokes  and  engaged  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  ladies'  and  gentlemen's  clothing,  the  firm  becoming  one  of  the  most 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  721 

important  of  its  kind  in  the  city.  In  1912  R.  A.  Perry  was  admitted  to  part- 
nership, the  title  becoming  Croot,  Stokes  &  Perry,  but  after  three  months  the 
association  was  dissolved,  Mr.  Croot  continuing  the  business  alone.  He  has  a 
modern  and  well  equipped  establishment  and  controls  an  important  and  grow- 
ing trade,  for  he  understands  present-day  commercial  conditions  and  does  every- 
thing in  his  power  to  meet  the  requirements  of  his  customers.  His  business  has 
developed  along  normal  and  progressive  lines,  his  energy,  initiative  spirit  and 
constructive  ability  being  important  factors  in  its  growth,  and  it  is  today  one 
of  the  notable  elements  in  the  general  development  of  the  city's  commercial 
interests. 

On  the  25th  of  November,  1890,  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  Mr.  Croot  was  united  "^ 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Jane  Alder,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Mary  (Burton) 
Alder,  the  former  for  twenty-five  years  a  representative  of  the  Fluery  Plow 
Works  of  Aurora,  Ontario.     Mr.  and  Mrs.  Croot  have  three  children,  Florence, 
Violet  and  Jack. 

Mr.  Croot  is  a  member  of  the  Baptist  church  and  fraternally  is  identified 
with  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  and  the  Loyal  Orange 
Association.  He  was  for  six  years  sergeant  in  the  Queen's  Own  Rifles  in 
Toronto,  held  a  commission  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Battalion  in  Ontario  and  was 
connected  with  the  Fifth  Regiment  of  Artillery  in  Victoria  for  three  and  one- 
half  years.  He  was  for  four  years  director  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association  and  for  three  years  a  director  in  the  Rosella  Mining  Company.  In 
Vancouver  he  belongs  to  the  Progress  Club  and  take  a  great  interest  in  the  city's 
growth  and  advancement.  He  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative 
party  and  from  1900  to  1901  served  as  license  commissioner  in  Victoria.  He 
was  for  three  years  president  of  the  Junior  Conservative  Association  in  Vic- 
toria, and  for  four  years  on  the  executive  board  in  Vancouver,  and  was  vice 
president  in  1912.  He  is,  however,  preeminently  a  man  of  affairs  and  by  develop- 
ing in  Vancouver  a  modern,  well  managed  and  profitable  business  institution 
has  contributed  largely  to  the  city's  business  advancement  as  well  as  to  his 
individual  prosperity. 


HARRY  JAMES  BARBER. 

Harry  James  Barber,  who  has  devoted  his  entire  active  life  to  the  drug  busi- 
ness and  is  now  in  control  of  a  well  managed  and  profitable  enterprise  of  this 
character  in  Chilliwack,  was  born  at  Alton,  Ontario,  March  29,  1875,  and  is 
a  son  of  James  and  Margaret  Barber,  the  latter  of  whom  died  in  1892.  Her 
husband  survives  her  and  is  engaged  in  the  carriage  building  trade 

Harry  J.  Barber  acquired  his.  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Alton  and 
in  the  Orangeville  high  school.  He  afterward  entered  the  Ontario  College  of 
Pharmacy  at  Toronto,  from  which  he  received  his  degree  of  registered  pharma- 
cist, and  after  laying  aside  his  books  he  moved  to  Manitoba,  where  he  worked 
for  one  year  at  the  drug  business  in  the  employ  of  others.  At  the  end  of  that 
time  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  locating  in  Chilliwack,  where  he  has  since 
been  prominently  connected  with  retail  drug  interests.  At  first  he  took  charge 
of  the  Chilliwack  branch  of  the  Nelson  Drug  Company,  remaining  in  the  employ 
of  this  concern  for  three  years,  after  which  he  purchased  the  enterprise,  which 
he  has  conducted  along  practical  and  progressive  lines  since  that  time.  He  has 
secured  an  extensive  and  representative  patronage,  for  he  understands  his  busi- 
ness in  principle  and  detail  and  neglects  nothing  that  will  promote  the  growth 
and  expansion  of  his  concern.  He  is  a  resourceful,  able  and  far-sighted  busi- 
ness man  and  has  made  these  qualities  the  basis  of  a  substantial  business  success 
which  places  him  among  the  leading  druggists  in  the  city  where  he  makes  his 
home. 


722  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

In  September,  1903,  Mr.  Barber  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Annetta 
Anning,  of  Chilliwack,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  a  son.  Mr.  Barber 
is  an  attendant  of  the  Methodist  church  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Loyal  Order  of  Orange.  He  is 
fond  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports,  particularly  baseball  and  motoring,  and  is 
making  an  excellent  record  as  president  of  the  Chilliwack  Automobile  Club. 
He  was  president  of  the  Board  of  Trade  in  1910,  1911  and  1912  and  is  today 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Central  Conservative  Association.  He  was  chair- 
man of  the  school  board  for  six  years.  His  interests  extend  to  many  fields  but 
have  all  been  along  lines  of  progress  and  improvement,  touching  closely  the  busi- 
ness and  political  advancement  of  the  community.  His  life  has  ever  been 
upright  and  honorable  and  the  methods  which  have  guided  his  actions  have  been 
such  as  will  bear  the  closest  investigation  and  scrutiny. 


BENJAMIN  DOUGLAS. 

The  late  Benjamin  Douglas  was  a  Canadian,  having  been  born  near  Hunt- 
ingdon, Quebec,  on  May  6,  1839,  a  son  of  Benjamin  and  Ellen  Douglas.  The 
father  was  an  extensive  land  owner,  agriculturist  and  a  justice  of  the  peace 
and  served  for  many  years  as  collector  for  the  Port  St.  Francis,  and  was  an 
intimate  friend  of  John  Arthur  Roebuck,  afterwards  member  for  Sheffield. 

Benjamin  Douglas  obtained  his  education  at  the  public  schools  of  the  place 
of  his  nativity  and  left  home  at  the  age  of  twelve  years  to  start  on  an  independ- 
ent career.  He  first  made  his  way  to  Kingston,  New  York,  and  in  1862  to 
California,  coming  to  British  Columbia  in  the  same  year  during  the  gold  excite- 
ment, and  engaging  in  mining  in  the  Cariboo.  A  few  years  later  he  opened 
a  harness  and  saddlery  business  in  Yale  which  was  one  of  the  largest  enter- 
prises of  its  kind  in  the  interior  and  which  he  afterwards  moved  to  New  West- 
minster. While  a  resident  of  Yale  he  held  the  office  of  postmaster  and  also 
served  as  justice  of  the  peace. 

It  was  in  the  year  1884  that  he  settled  in  New  Westminster  and  he  remained 
there  until  the  time  of  his  death.  During  the  time  spent  there  he  acquired 
much  propery  in  and  around  New  Westminster  and  Vancouver  and  accumu- 
lated extensive  mining  interests.  He  built,  in  partnership  with  Henry  Elliott, 
the  largest  building  at  that  time  in  New  Westminster,  the  Douglas-Elliott  block, 
which  was  destroyed  in  the  fire  which  practically  wiped  out  the  entire  city 
on  September  10,  1898. 

Mr.  Douglas  was  the  moving  spirit  and  one  of  the  original  promoters  of 
the  scheme  for  the  running  of  an  electric  railway  in  New  Westminster,  and 
between  Vancouver  and  his  adopted  city,  and  with  his  associates,  Henry  V. 
Edmonds,  John  Webster,  Samuel  Macintosh  and  David  Oppenheimer,  built 
the  tram  line  operating  in  New  Westminster.  This  was  the  New  Westmin- 
ster Electric  Railway  and  Light  Company,  of  which  Mr.  Douglas  was  presi- 
dent. Later  the  line  was  operated  under  the  name  of  the  Westminster  & 
Vancouver  Tramway  Company,  Limited,  of  which  Mr.  Oppenheimer  was 
president  and  Mr.  Douglas  vice  president.  They,  however,  lost  control  of  the 
line  in  a  financial  panic  and  it  was  taken  over  and  operated  by  the  British 
Columbia  Electric  Railway.  Mr.  Douglas  was  also  president  of  the  Westminster 
and  Southern  Railway  Company. 

In  politics  Mr.  Douglas  was  a  conservative  and  during  the  years  of  1885 
and  1886  served  as  a  member  of  the  New  Westminster  city  council.  He  was 
never  very  active  in  politics  and  refused  a  nomination  as  a  representative  in  the 
Dominion  house.  He  belonged  to  the  Presbyterian  church  and  his  fraternal 
connections  were  with  the  Masons,  in  which  order  he  obtained  the  honorary 
or  thirty-third  degree.  He  was  a  life  member  of  Union  Lodge,  No.  899,  E.  R., 
F.  &  A.  M.,  of  New  Westminster;  a  member  of  the  Supreme  Council  of 


BENJAMIN  DOUGLAS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  725 

Ancient  and  Accepted  Scottish  Rite  of  Freemasonry,  the  thirty-third  and  last 
degree;  and  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Lodge  of  Perfection,  A.  and  A.  S.  R. 

On  September  27,  1871,  Mr.  Douglas  married  Miss  Julia  Insley,  the  young- 
est daughter  of  Captain  John  and  Sarah  Insley,  both  of  the  latter  being  deceased. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Douglas  became  the  parents  of  the  following  children:  Ella 
May,  the  deceased  wife  of  T.  J.  Lewis,  of  New  Westminster;  Edith  Louise, 
the  wife  of  R.  S.  Lennie,  of  Vancouver;  Ethel  Estelle,  the  wife  of  R.  H. 
Zavitz,  of  Toronto;  John  Arthur,  Richard  Deighton  and  Elspeth  Moore,  all 
of  Vancouver.  Since  the  death  of  the  father  the  family  has  resided  in  Van- 
couver, their  home  being  at  No.  795  Thurlow  street. 

•Mr.  Douglas  passed  away  at  his  home  in  New  Westminster  on  the  25th 
of  February,  1900,  having  been  identified  with  the  growth  and  development 
of  this  province  for  nearly  forty  years.  His  record  forms  an  integral  part  of 
the  early  history  of  British  Columbia  and  his  life  was  such  that  his  memory 
is  still  cherished  by  all  who  knew  him. 


JOSEPH  BENJAMIN  BURR. 

Joseph  Benjamin  Burr  holds  the  title  to  three  hundred  and  twenty  acres  of 
the  reclaimed  land  on  Crescent  island,  where  for  more  than  twenty  years  he  has 
successfully  engaged  in  diversified  farming.  He  was  born  in  Toronto,  Ontario, 
in  June,  1855,  and  is  a  son  of  William  Henry  and  Sarah  (Jackson)  Burr,  both  of 
whom  passed  their  latter  years  in  Ladner.  The  father  came  to  British  Columbia 
in  1858,  at  the  time  of  the  Cariboo  gold  excitement,  and  was  followed  by  his 
family  a  year  later.  They  came  by  way  of  Panama  and  San  Francisco,  being 
passengers  on  the  ill-fated  steamer  Golden  Gate,  which  on  the  return  trip  sank 
off  the  coast  of  Mexico  with  its  valuable  cargo  of  gold  received  from  the  miners 
of  the  Cariboo.  Of  recent  years  the  advisability  of  dredging  for  the  boat's  safes 
has  been  seriously  agitated,  and  companies  have  been  organized  for  this  pur- 
pose. Nothing  has  as  yet  resulted  from  it  however.  The  father  died  in  1895,  his 
wife  preceding  him  passing  away  about  twenty-five  years  ago. 

As  he  was  only  a  child  of  four  years  when  he  was  brought  to  British  Colum- 
bia, Joseph  Benjamin  Burr  has  passed  the  greater  part  of  his  life  in  this  province. 
His  education  was  acquired  in  the  public  schools  of  Victoria,  which  he  attended 
until  he  was  a  youth  of  fifteen.  He  then  laid  aside  his  text-books  and  became  a 
wage  earner,  his  first  employment  being  in  a  mercantile  concern.  The  close 
confinement,  contingent  upon  indoor  work,  however,  told  on  his  health,  and  it 
was  deemed  advisable  that  he  seek  another  occupation.  He,  therefore,  went  to 
work  in  the  lumber  woods,  following  this  occupation  and  that  of  mining  from 
1870  to  1888.  In  the  latter  year  he  became  the  proprietor  of  a  sawmill,  which 
he  operated  with  a  good  degree  of  success  for  four  years.  Previously  he  had 
invested  in  three  hundred  and  twenty  acres  of  wild  land,  and  he  now  turned  his 
attention  to  agricultural  pursuits.  His  entire  tract  at  that  time  was  covered 
with  water  to  the  depth  of  about  two  feet  during  six  months  of  the  year,  but  this 
state  of  affairs  never  discouraged  him,  as  he  knew  the  land  to  be  most  fertile 
and  highly  productive.  The  preparation  of  the  soil  for  cultivation  involved 
many  months  of  arduous  labor,  owing  to  its  condition,  and  necessitated  using 
three  teams  of  oxen.  While  thus  occupied,  he  was  also  engaged  in  the  con- 
struction of  dykes,  the  work  necessarily  proceeding  slowly  owing  to  the  various 
other  demands  made  upon  his  time.  However,  he  finally  succeeded  in  fortifying 
his  farm  against  danger  of  inundation  and  thereafter  his  entire  attention  was 
devoted  to  the  cultivation  of  his  fields  and  the  extension  and  completion  of  the 
other  improvements  he  had  inaugurated.  Each  year  has  marked  an  advance 
for  him  in  the  development  of  his  homestead,  and  today  he  is  the  proud  pos- 
sessor of  one  of  the  attractive  and  valuable  properties  of  the  district.  He  follows 
modern  methods  in  his  agricultural  pursuits,  directing  his  undertakings  in  a 


726  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

scientific  and  systematic  manner.  His  fields  are  largely  planted  to  hay,  oats 
and  potatoes,  of  which  he  raises  abundant  crops  each  year,  the  quality  being 
such  that  they  command  the  market's  highest  prices. 

In  1882,  Mr.  Burr  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  B'arr  of  New  Westminster, 
and  to  them  have  been  born  six  children.  In  order  of  birth  they  are  as  follows : 
Mabel,  Francis,  Hugh,  Arnold,  Beatrice  and  Lily. 

The  fraternal  relations  of  Mr.  Burr  are  confined  to  his  membership  in  the 
Independent  Order  of  Foresters.  Despite  the  exactions  made  upon  his  time 
by  his  extensive  agricultural  pursuits  he  has  always  found  time  to  take  part  in 
local  political  affairs,  and  is  an  ex-member  of  the  council  of  Delta  municipality. 
He  has  also  served  as  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  this  province,  discharging  the 
duties  of  his  office  with  the  conscientious  deliberation  of  the  man  who  feels  the 
responsibility  of  rendering  an  unprejudiced  decision  and  strives  to  be  just  to  all. 
Mr.  Burr  is  a  man  of  admirable  characteristics  as  has  been  proven  beyond  doubt 
during  the  long  period  of  his  residence  in  the  community,  where  he  has  mani- 
fested those  qualities  in  both  private  and  public  life  which  entitle  him  to  the 
respect  he  is  accorded  by  his  neighbors  and  fellow  citizens. 


ALFRED   ERNEST   MANN. 

Alfred  Ernest  Mann,  a  general  contractor  at  New  Westminster,  owes  his 
success  entirely  to  his  own  labors,  and  his  energy  and  industry  have  constituted 
the  foundation  upon  which  it  has  been  built.  He  was  born  at  Baillie,  Charlotte 
county,  New  Brunswick,  on  the  I7th  of  May,  1862,  and  is  a  son  of  Thomas  and 
Elizabeth  (DeWolfe)  Mann,  the  former  at  one  time  a  farmer  at  Baillie.  Both 
parents  are  now  deceased. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  place  Alfred  E.  Mann  pursued  his  educa- 
tion and  at  the  age  of  sixteen  years  went  to  Oak  Bay,  Charlotte  county,  to  work 
on  a  farm  owned  by  S.  C.  Young.  He  remained  at  that  place  for  four  years 
and  then  came  to  New  Westminster  in  1883.  The  necessity  of  providing  for  his 
own  support  made  him  seek  immediate  employment,  which  he  secured  in  con- 
nection with  the  construction  work  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  between 
Mission  and  Harrison  River.  He  was  afterward  employed  in  the  logging  camps 
of  the  Royal  City  Mills  and  subsequently  drove  stage  from  New  Westminster 
to  Port  Moody,  carrying  the  passengers  from  the  first  through  train,  the  terminus 
of  the  line  being  then  at  Port  Moody,  from  which  point  the  passengers  took 
stage  to  New  Westminster  and  thence  were  transferred  to  Victoria  and  Van- 
couver. Mr.  Mann  became  a  partner  in  the  ownership  of  the  stage  line  with 
Sam  R.  Connor.  After  the  completion  of  the  railroad  into  Vancouver  he  dis- 
continued the  stage  business  and  afterward  worked  at  various  occupations  in 
different  parts  of  the  province.  He  then  returned  to  his  old  home  in  New  Bruns- 
wick, where  he  remained  six  months  and  then  returned  to  New  Westminster 
accompanied  by  Wilbur  Smith.  Together  they  engaged  in  the  draying  business, 
in  which  Mr.  Mann  continued  for  a  number  of  years.  In  April,  1904,  however, 
he  embarked  in  the  contracting  business  on  his  own  account  and  has  found  this 
a  profitable  field  of  labor,  enjoying  a  constantly  increasing  patronage  in  this  line. 

On  the  ist  of  November,  1894,  Mr.  Mann  was  married  to  Miss  Ida  M.  Bryson, 
a  daughter  of  John  Stuart  and  Elizabeth  C.  (Bates)  Bryson.  They  have  become 
the  parents  of  six  children,  Edith  G.,  Amy  B.,  Margaret  A.,  Harold  DeWolfe, 
Henry  L.  and  Doris  E.,  five  of  whom  are  attending  school  in  New  Westminster. 

In  politics  Mr.  Mann  is  an  ardent  admirer  of  Sir  Richard  McBride,  the  pre- 
mier of  British  Columbia,  and  has  supported  the  conservative  party  since  the 
time  of  their  coming  into  power  in  this  province.  The  family  hold  to  the  faith 
of  the  Baptist  church  and  they  reside  at  No.  827  Royal  avenue.  Mr.  Mann  is 
an  Odd  Fellow,  being  a  member  of  Royal  City  Lodge,  No.  3,  a  Knight  of  Pythias, 
belonging  to  Granite  Lodge,  No.  16,  and  also  a  member  of  Dominion  Lodge, 


ALFRED   E.  MANN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  729 

No.  3,  Independent  Order  of  Good  Templars.  His  has  been  a  life  of  continuous 
industry  since  he  started  out  on  his  own  account  as  a  farm  hand  when  sixteen 
years  of  age.  In  all  the  years  which  have  since  come  and  gone  he  has  depended 
upon  his  own  resources  and  may  truly  be  called  a  self-made  man. 


FRANK  KIRKLAND. 

Agricultural  pursuits  have  always  engaged  the  energies  of  Frank  Kirkland, 
who  is  farming  on  Westham  island,  where  he  has  passed  the  greater  part  of  his 
life,  although  he  was  born  at  Guelph,  Ontario.  His  natal  day  was  the  5th  of 
May,  1860,  and  his  parents  John  and  Letitia  (Clarke)  Kirkland.  In  1872,  the 
family  removed  to  British  Columbia,  making  the  journey  by  way  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, their  arrival  here  antedating  the  extension  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  lines 
to  Vancouver  by  some  fifteen  years.  The  father,  who  was  an  agriculturist,  upon 
his  arrival,  took  up  six  hundred  and  forty  acres  of  wild  land.  The  soil  was  rich 
and  fertile,  but  almost  the  entire  tract  was  under  water  during  the  greater  part 
of  the  winter  and  spring.  Assisted  by  his  sons  he  erected  a  few  crude  buildings 
and  then  began  preparing  his  land  for  cultivation.  They  used  for  this  purpose 
three  or  four  teams  of  oxen,  but  owing  to  the  condition  of  the  soil  operations 
moved  slowly.  He  knew  that  once  under  cultivation  the  land  would  produce 
heavily,  however,  and  persisted  in  his  purpose,  despite  the  many  obstacles  and 
difficulties  he  encountered,  until  he  had  the  entire  tract  planted  to  such  crops  as 
he  deemed  best  adapted  to  the  soil.  Here  he  continued  his  agricultural  pursuits 
until  he  passed  away  in  1896.  The  mother  is  still  living,  spending  her  time 
between  the  old  homestead  and  California.  Besides  our  subject  there  are  three 
other  sons,  Herbert  J.,  William  A.  and  Edmond  L.,  who  all  are  engaged  in 
farming  in  this  vicinity.  There  is  also  a  daughter,  Mrs.  E.  Hutcherson. 

Frank  Kirkland  passed  the  first  twelve  years  of  his  life  in  his  native  province, 
where  he  acquired  his  education.  He  accompanied  his  parents  on  their  removal 
to  British  Columbia,  and  upon  their  arrival  here  began  assisting  his  father  and 
brothers  with  the  cultivation  of  the  farm.  His  duties  were  manifold  and  exacting, 
but  he  there  laid  the  foundation  for  the  career  he  is  following  with  success, 
becoming  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  best  processes  of  tilling  the  fields  and 
caring  for  the  crops.  Subsequently  he  spent  a  year  in  the  Okanagan  valley  but 
at  the  expiration  of  that  time  he  returned  to  Ladner,  where  he  has  ever  since 
engaged  in  farming. 

In  May,  1883,  Mr.  Kirkland  was  married  to  Miss  Bessie  Watson  of  Ayrshire, 
Scotland,  and  to  them  have  been  born  five  children,  as  follows :  Grace ;  Maude, 
who  married  A.  W.  Cameron  manager  of  the  Northern  Crown  Bank  of  Ques- 
nel;  and  Lynn,  Robin  and  William,  who  are  at  home.  During  the  forty  years 
of  his  residence  here  Mr.  Kirkland  has  witnessed  the  marvelous  development  of 
the  province,  throughout  which  pioneer  conditions  yet  prevailed  in  his  boyhood, 
and  has  seen  its  vast  tracts  of  wild  land  converted  into  highly  cultivated  and 
valuable  farms,  while  enterprising  cities  and  thriving  towns  are  to  be  found  where 
the  Indians  yet  roved  when  the  Kirkland  family  first  settled  here. 


WILLIAM  DAVID  MACKINTOSH. 

William  David  Mackintosh,  founder  of  the  Burrard  Iron  Works  and  a  part- 
ner in  its  operation,  is  a  pioneer  in  British  Columbia,  his  residence  in  this  pro- 
vince dating  from  1879.  He  was  born  in  St.  Andrews,  New  Brunswick,  March 
8,  1 86 1,  and  is  a  son  of  William  and  Annie  Mackintosh,  natives  of  Scotland. 
They  went  to  New  Brunswick  in  1846,  moving  later  to  Chatham,  in  upper  Can- 

Vol.  111—25 


730  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

ada,  where  the  father  was  for  many  years  head  master  of  the  Central  School. 
The  family  later  returned  to  New  Brunswick. 

William  D.  Mackintosh  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Wood- 
stock, New  Brunswick,  and  in  1879  moved  to  British  Columbia.  He  went 
immediately  to  Soda  creek,  in  the  Cariboo  district,  making  the  journey  by  stage 
over  the  Cariboo  road.  He  had  some  interesting  companions  upon  this  trip, 
among  them  being  Steve  Tingley,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  stage  line,  Ser- 
geant Lindsay,  of  Barkerville,  "Doc"  Church,  of  Kamloops,  and  "Twelve  Foot" 
Davis,  of  Peace  river,  who  had  a  trading  post  there  and  who  came  down  for 
supplies  every  two  years.  Mr.  Mackintosh  entered  the  employ  of  the  late  P.  C. 
Dunlevy,  in  the  Cariboo  district,  remaining  with  him  one  summer  and  returning 
to  Victoria  in  November.  Among  his  companions  on  the  journey  were  the  late 
A.  E.  B.  Davie,  who  had  been  attending  court  at  Clinton,  and  D.  M.  Eberts, 
now  speaker  in  the  British  Columbia  house.  Upon  his  return  Mr.  Mackintosh 
became  connected  with  Andrew  Onderdonk,  contractor  for  the  Canadian  Pacific 
construction  department,  and  he  engaged  in  important  work  from  Port  Moody 
to  Savona's  Ferry,  remaining  with  Mr.  Onderdonk  until  his  contract  was  com- 
pleted in  June,  1886.  Mr.  Mackintosh  was  transferred  to  Vancouver  in  August, 
1887,  and  appointed  ticket  agent  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad,  succeeding 
Mr.  Peterson,  the  first  agent.  After  a  few  months  he  was  transferred  to  the 
freight  department,  George  McL.  Brown  succeeding  to  his  former  position.  In 
December,  1891,  Mr.  Mackintosh  entered  the  employ  of  Hon.  James  Dunsmuir, 
of  Victoria,  and  he  retained  this  connection  for  twenty  years  thereafter,  filling 
during  that  time  various  positions,  from  that  of  purser  to  cashier  for  all  of  the 
Dunsmuir  interests.  In  May,  1912,  he  resigned  from  this  service  and  formed 
a  partnership  with  his  brother-in-law,  Robert  Brown,  founding  in  Victoria  the 
Pacific  Iron  Works.  In  February  of  the  following  year  the  plant  was  moved 
to  Nos.  140-144  Alexander  street,  Vancouver,  and  the  name  was  changed  to  the 
Burrard  Iron  Works,  its  present  form.  Mr.  Mackintosh  is  a  partner  in  the 
operation  of  this  concern  and  has  been  a  helpful  factor  in  the  success  of  the  busi- 
ness, being  a  man  of  sound  judgment  and  unusual  enterprise  and  discrimination. 

On  the  23d  of  January,  1908,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Mackintosh  was  united  m 
marriage  to  Mrs.  Rebecca  Boyd,  a  daughter  of  the  late  Robert  Brown,  a  well 
known  shipbuilder  in  this  city.  Mr.  Mackintosh  is  a  memger  of  the  Presby- 
terian church  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  Woodstock  Lodge,  No.  II,  A. 
F.  &  A.  M.  He  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  while  a  resident 
of  Woodstock,  New  Brunswick,  served  for  some  time  as  assistant  postmaster. 
He  neither  seeks  nor  desires  public  office,  however,  preferring  to  concentrate  his 
attention  upon  his  business  affairs  which  under  his  able  management  have  become 
extensive  and  profitable. 


CAPTAIN  LINCOLN  ROGERS. 

Lincoln  Rogers,  manager  of  the  Lincoln  Steamship  Company,  of  Van- 
couver, has  long  been  connected  with  navigation  interests.  He  was  born  at 
Victoria,  British  Columbia,  November  17,  1864,  and  is  a  son  of  Jeremiah  and 
Sarah  (Strang)  Rogers,  the  former  a  native  of  New  Brunswick  and  the  latter 
of  Liverpool,  England.  They  were  married  in  the  former  country  and  in  1863 
became  pioneer  residents  of  Victoria,  the  father  engaging  in  the  logging  busi- 
ness at  Alberni.  About  1866  they  removed  to  New  Westminster  and  settled 
where  the  town  of  Jericho  now  stands,  Mr.  Rogers  there  engaging  in  the  log- 
ging business  until  his  death.  In  the  winter  of  1871-2  he  built  the  house  which 
from  the  time  of  his  demise  in  1878  until  a  short  time  ago  was  used  as  the 
Jericho  Club  house.  The  family,  following  the  death  of  Mr.  Rogers,  removed 
to  New  Westminster,  where  the  mother  passed  away  about  1887. 


CAPTAIN  LINCOLN  ROGERS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  733 

Captain  Rogers  was  educated  in  St.  Louis  College  at  New  Westminster 
and  in  1881,  when  a  youth  of  about  seventeen  years,  entered  into  active  con- 
nection with  steamship  interests.  In  1883  his  uncle,  William  Rogers,  built 
the  steamer  Robert  Dunsmuir  and  in  1891  built  the  City  of  Nanaimo  now 
renamed  The  Bohemia.  The  latter  was  at  that  time  the  largest  and  best  vessel 
built  at  this  port.  Captain  Rogers,  of  this  review,  was  associated  with  the 
management  of  those  vessels  from  the  time  of  their  launching.  He  was  given 
command  of  the  steamer  Robert  Dunsmuir  and  continued  as  master  of  that 
ship  until  1906,  when  he  came  ashore.  Since  that  time  he  has  been  manager  for 
the  Burrard  Steamship  Company  and  for  the  Lincoln  Steamship  Company. 
These  companies  own  and  operate  three  coastwise  freighters,  the  Ophir,  the 
Westhan  and  the  Selkirk,  and  at  the  present  time  are  building  another  vessel. 
Captain  Rogers'  long  practical  experience  on  the  water  well  qualifies  him  for 
the  control  of  interests  now  under  his  charge. 

Captain  Rogers  was  married  in  Seattle,  Washington,  September  19,  1911  to 
Sarah,  daughter  of  James  Beaver  of  Wisconsin,  U.  S.  A.  Since  1887  he  has 
been  a  member  of  Royal  City  Lodge  No.  3,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  of  New  Westminster. 
He  also  belongs  to  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose,  and  to  the  Terminal  City,  Pro- 
gress and  Commercial  Clubs.  He  affiliates  with  the  Church  of  England.  These 
various  connections  indicate  to  some  extent  the  breadth  and  nature  of 'his  inter- 
ests and  activities.  A  life-long  resident  of  British  Columbia,  he  is  familiar  with 
its  history,  having  witnessed  its  progress  from  pioneer  times  to  the  present, 
and  no  feature  of  marine  interests  is  unfamiliar  to  him. 


JAMES  H.  WAUGH. 

James  H.  Waugh,  contracting  engineer,  who  since  1911  has  followed  his 
profession  in  Vancouver  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Waugh,  Misener  &  Bailey, 
of  which  he  is  president,  has  already  reached  an  enviable  and  creditable  position 
in  professional  circles,  although  he  is  yet  a  young  man.  He  was  born  in  Amherst 
county,  Virginia,  October  27,  1884,  and  is  a  son  of  William  E.  and  Mary  S. 
(Rhodes)  Waugh,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Virginia.  The  father  was  a 
railroad  contractor,  following  that  business  for  many  years,  and  his  entire  life 
was  passed  in  his  native  state.  Mrs.  Waugh  still  survives  her  husband  and 
resides  at  Beuna  Vista,  Virginia. 

James  H.  Waugh  was  a  student  in  the  Washington  and  Lee  University  at 
Lexington,  Virginia,  from  which  he  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  Civil  Engi- 
neer as  a  member  of  the  class  of  1905.  He  began  the  practice  of  his  profession 
in  West  Virginia  and  after  a  short  time  became  associated  with  the  American 
Smelting  &  Refining  Company  in  the  coal  fields  of  that  state.  He  continued  in 
that  connection  for  two  years  and  in  the  fall  of  1907  made  his  way  to  the  north- 
west, settling  in  Seattle,  where  he  practiced  as  a  civil  engineer  for  two  years. 
While  in  that  city  he  organized  the  Waugh,  Milburn  Construction  Company, 
which  business  he  transferred  to  Vancouver  upon  removing  his  residence  to 
this  city  in  the  fall  of  1909.  In  1911  he  organized  the  firm  of  Waugh,  Misener 
&  Bailey,  of  which  he  has  since  been  the  president.  They  are  contracting  engi- 
neers and  have  been  awarded  the  contract  for  the  extensive  harbor  improvements 
now  being  carried  on  at  New  Westminster.  This  work  is  an  enlargement  of 
the  waterfront  and  will  probably  require  eighteen  months.  They  are  doing  all  the 
building  which  is  not  done  by  the  city  of  New  Westminster  itself.  They  also  do 
much  municipal  work,  and  put  up  most  of  the  city  street  lights  here,  and  also 
take  important  contracts  in  railroad  grading  and  construction  work.  Their 
business  has  constantly  increased  until  their  patronage  is  very  extensive.  Mr. 
Waugh  is  also  the  president  of  the  Hannibal  Mining  &  Milling  Company  of 
Weatherby,  Oregon,  and  has  thus  become  closely  identified  with  business  activity 
in  the  northwest. 


734  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

On  the  ist  of  January,  1913,  in  Tacoma,  Washington,  Mr.  Waugh  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Viola  Fuller,  of  Vancouver.  He  is  well  known  in  Masonic 
circles,  holding  membership  in  the  lodge  and  the  chapter,  and  he  belongs  also 
to  the  Benevolent  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  In  politics  he  is  a  conservative  but 
not  active,  preferring  to  give  his  undivided  attention  to  his  business  affairs, 
which,  carefully  conducted,  are  bringing  to  him  a  substantial  and  gratifying 
measure  of  success.  He  has  held  to  high  professional  standards  and  in  following 
his  chosen  life  work  employs  the  most  practical  and  resultant  methods. 


BION  BERNARD  SMITH. 

Bion  Bernard  Smith,  prominently  connected  with  business  interests  of  Abbotts- 
ford  as  a  successful  general  merchant  and  with  public  affairs  as  a  member  of 
the  board  of  commissioners  of  the  Surrey  dyking  district,  was  born  in  Bureau 
county,  Illinois,  August  3,  1861,  a  son  of  William  and  Fanny  Smith,  deceased. 
The  family  moved  to  Kansas  when  Mr.  Smith  of  this  review  was  still  a  child 
and  he  received  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  that  state  and  of 
Nebraska.  He  afterward  entered  the  Kansas  State  Agricultural  College,  where 
he  took  a  complete  course,  and  then  turned  his  attention  to  various  occupations 
for  some  time  engaging  in  railroad  survey  work  and  sawmilling.  He  came  to 
British  Columbia  in  the  fall  of  1883,  accompanying  his  father  and  the  remainder 
of  the  family.  William  Smith  purchased  four  hundred  and  seventy-five  acres 
in  Surrey  and  cultivated  it  along  the  modern  and  progressive  lines,  becoming 
prominent  and  well  known  in  agricultural  circles.  This  property  is  known  as 
the  Mound  farm  and  is  now  in  possession  of  the  subject  of  this  review,  who 
inherited  it  from  his  father.  After  his  arrival  here  Bion  B.  Smith  spent  ten 
years  farming  in  the  Okanagan  country  and  at  the  end  of  that  time  turned  his 
attention  to  the  general  merchandise  business  which  he  has  since  followed.  In 
1903  he  opened  a  general  store  at  Cloverdale  and  was  in  business  there  for  six 
years.  In  July  1912,  he  moved  to  Abbottsford,  where  he  is  today  in  control  of 
a  large  and  profitable  enterprise.  His  patronage  is  constantly  increasing  in  vol- 
ume and  importance,  for  he  established  his  enterprise  upon  a  basis  of  reliable 
and  straightforward  business  dealings  and  has  steadily  adhered  to  high  standards 
of  commercial  integrity. 

In  1912  Mr.  Smith  married  Miss  Hattie  Kelly,  a  daughter  of  John  Kelly,  of 
Ohio,  and  both  are  well  known  in  social  circles  of  this  community.  Mr.  Smith 
is  connected  fraternally  with  Union  Lodge,  No.  9,  A.  F.  &  A.  -M.,  of  New  West- 
minster, and  Abbottsford  Lodge,  No.  20,  I.  O.  O.  F.  For  a  number  of  years 
he  has  been  active  in  public  affairs  of  this  locality  and  has  held  various  positions 
of  trust  and  responsibility,  among  them  that  of  councillor  for  Surrey  in  1909. 
He  is  at  present  on  the  board  of  commissioners  of  the  Surrey  dyking  district 
which  is  spending  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  on  the  construction 
of  two  concrete  dams  across  the  Serpentine  and  Nicomekl  rivers.  In  Abbotts- 
ford  Mr.  Smith  is  known  as  a  public-spirited  and  progressive  citizen  who  cooper- 
ates heartily  in  measures  for  the  promotion  of  general  advancement  and  progress 
and  never  refuses  his  support  to  any  worthy  public  project. 


WILLIAM  A.  KIRKLAND. 

No  name  is  more  widely  known  in  the  Ladner  district  or  more  prominently 
associated  with  its  agricultural  development  than  that  of  Kirkland,  the  repre- 
sentatives of  this  family  having  been  here  engaged  in  diversified  farming  and 
dairying  for  more  than  forty  years.  Among  these  mention  should  be  made  of 
William  A.  Kirkland,  whose  highly  improved  ranch  is  one  of  the  most  attractive 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  735 

and  valuable  properties  in  the  locality.  He  was  born  in  Guelph,  Ontario,  on  the 
1 2th  of  March,  1869,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Letitia  (Clarke)  Kirkland,  who 
removed  to  British  Columbia  with  their  family  in  1872.  As  there  was  no  railroad 
in  Canada  west  of  Winnipeg  at  that  time  they  made  the  journey  by  way  of  San 
Francisco  and  Victoria.  Upon  his  arrival  here  Mr.  Kirkland  took  up  six  hundred 
and  forty  acres  of  wild  land,  the  greater  portion  of  this  tract  being  entirely  cov- 
ered with  water  during  at  least  half  of  the  year.  The  building  of  dykes  and 
drains  and  the  clearing  of  the  land  preparatory  to  cultivation  presented  innum- 
erable difficulties,  but  knowing  the  soil  to  be  most  fertile,  his  energy  and  enthus- 
iasm never  abated  despite  the  many  obstacles  he  encountered.  It  was  the  day 
of  ox  teams,  and  oftentimes  three  and  four  were  hitched  to  one  plow,  and  even 
then  they  sometimes  found  it  almost  impossible  to  get  the  implement  through 
the  swampy  earth.  Operations  under  such  conditions  naturally  progressed  very 
slowly,  but  by  degrees  the  entire  tract  was  brought  under  cultivation.  No  roads 
had  yet  been  built  and  the  Kirklands  had  to  take  their  crops  to  New  Westminster 
on  scows,  waiting  for  the  high  tide  to  carry  them,  and  often  two  days  were  con- 
sumed in  making  the  journey.  The  products  of  their  fields  were  exchanged  for 
necessary  supplies,  the  united  efforts  of  the  family  yielding  them  little  more  than 
a  bare  living  during  those  early  days.  In  common  with  the  other  pioneers  their 
mode  of  life  was  by  necessity  very  simple,  and  the  wild  ducks,  which  then  came 
to  the  island  in  thousands,  formed  their  principal  article  of  diet.  Recognizing 
the  excellent  opportunity  here  afforded  for  establishing  a  dairy,  Mr.  Kirkland 
turned  his  attention  to  this  business  and  alfo  stock-raising  during  the  early  years 
of  his  residence.  He  was  the  first  settler  in  this  section  of  the  province  to  import 
thoroughbred  stock,  his  specialties  being  Durham,  Hereford  and  polled  Angus 
cattle  and  Oxford-Down  sheep.  He  met  with  excellent  success  in  his  under- 
takings along  this  line,  and  for  twenty  years  took  prizes  in  every  exhibition  in 
which  his  farm  was  represented.  These  included  many  medals  as  well  as  cups 
presented  by  both  the  governor  general  and  lieutenant  governors.  There  were 
very  few  white  people  in  this  vicinity  when  he  and  his  family  located  here,  and 
being  a  resourceful  man  of  enterprising  and  progressive  ideas  and  more  than 
average  executive  ability  he  naturally  became  one  of  the  leaders  in  the  settle- 
ment and  was  considered  to  be  such  until  he  passed  away.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  council  from  the  time  the  municipality  was  organized  until  his  death  in  1896, 
and  no  citizen  of  the  community  more  largely  contributed  toward  the  country's 
development  along  all  lines  than  Mr.  Kirkland.  For  many  years  he  also  dis- 
charged the  duties  of  reeve,  his  services  in  this  connection  being  in  every  respect 
highly  efficient  and  satisfactory.  He  was  a  man  of  strong  character,  fine  men- 
tality and  high  standards  of  conduct  all  of  which  united  in  making  of  him  an 
ideal  type  of  citizen.  His  influence  was  always  exerted  on  the  side  of  those 
movements  which  had  for  their  object  the  betterment  of  the  conditions  govern- 
ing the  various  relations  of  life.  Mrs.  Kirkland  is  still  living  and  makes  her 
home  in  Long  Beach,  California,  and  Ladner.  She  has  four  sons,  Herbert  J., 
Frank,  Edmond  and  William  A.,  and  one  daughter,  Mrs.  E.  Hutcherson.  All  the 
sons  are  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising. 

William  A.  Kirkland  was  a  child  of  only  three  years  when  he  accompanied 
his  family  on  their  removal  to  British  Columbia  and  here  he  has  ever  since 
resided.  He  pursued  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  New  Westminster 
until  he  had  attained  the  age  of  twelve  years  when  he  began  assisting  his  father 
and  brothers  with  the  cultivation  of  the  home  ranch,  and  his  energies  have  ever 
since  been  devoted  to  agricultural  pursuits.  For  many  years  he  was  engaged 
with  his  father  in  the  dairy  business  but  he  has  now  withdrawn  from  that  line 
and  is  giving  his  entire  attention  to  the  cultivation  of  his  fields,  his  principal 
crops  being  hay,  oats  and  potatoes.  Mr.  Kirkland  takes  great  pride  in  his  ranch, 
to  the  value  of  which  he  has  greatly  added  by  the  extensive  general  improvements 
he  has  made  thereon,  including  the  beautiful  residence  he  erected  in  1910.  It  is 
provided  with  every  modern  convenience  and  surrounded  by  tastefully  arranged 
and  well  kept  grounds,  while  at  a  convenient  distance  are  located  the  barns 


736  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

and  various  farm-buildings,  all  substantial  structures  and  in  good  repair.  Every- 
thing about  his  place  bespeaks  the  careful  supervision  and  competent  direction 
exercised  by  the  man  of  well  organized  business  methods,  and  readily  reveals 
the  source  of  the  prosperity  which  is  attending  him. 

On  the  7th  of  November,  1891,  Mr.  Kirkland  was  married  to  Miss  Edna  May 
Cosman  of  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  and  to  them  have  been  born  the  following 
children:  Leila  May,  who  October  30,  1912,  married  James  Davis;  and  Ruby, 
Maude,  John  William,  Leonard,  Myrtle  Cosman  and  Ernest,  all  of  whom  are 
at.  home. 

Mr.  Kirkland  manifests  the  same  spirit  of  enterprise  and  progress  in  civic 
matters  as  in  the  conduct  of  his  business,  and  can  be  relied  upon  to  support 
any  worthy  enterprise  or  such  movements  as  are  calculated  to  advance  the  mental, 
moral  or  physical  welfare  of  the  community.  He  has  been  a  member  of  Delta 
council  for  the  past  four  years  and  has  been  president  of  the  Delta  Game  Asso- 
ciation for  the  past  three  years  having  always  taken  an  active  part  in  the  pres- 
ervation of  game  and  natural  resources.  He  is  widely  known  and  respected 
in  his  district,  where  he  is  generally  recognized  as  a  man  of  honor  and  integrity 
and  is  accorded  the  regard  and  esteem  he  justly  merits  as  such. 


JOHN  MATTHEW  LEFEVRE,  M.  D.,  M.  R.  C.  S. 

The  construction  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  brought  to  British  Colum- 
bia a  number  of  men  who  ultimately  settled  in  this  province  and  contributed  not 
a  little  to  its  development.  Vancouver  as  the  terminus  of  the  Canadian  trans- 
continental railway  presented  opportunities  which  these  men  were  not  slow  to 
perceive  and  among  them  was  the  late  Dr.  J.  M.  Lefevre.  On  the  paternal  side 
Dr.  Lefevre  came  of  French  ancestry.  His  great  grandfather  was  one  of  the 
early  settlers  in  the  province  of  Quebec  and  his  family  took  a  hot  unimportant 
part  in  the  history  of  that  province. 

Dr.  Lefevre  was  born  in  Brockville,  Ontario,  October  12,  1853.  He  attended 
McGill  University,  Montreal,  and  in  1879  to°k  tne  degree  of  M.  D.  He  studied 
under  the  late  Dr.  Howard  and  Dr.  (now  Sir  William)  Osier  and  achieved  aca- 
demic honors,  winning  the  first  Sutherland  gold  medal  that  was  awarded.  Not 
long  afterwards  he  entered  into  a  partnership  with  Dr.  Morden  and  settled  in 
Brockville.  In  1886  he  left  Brockville  and  came  to  Vancouver,  having  been 
appointed  as  surgeon  to  the  Pacific  division  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway.  He 
continued  to  reside  in  Vancouver  until  his  death  in  September,  1906.  Realising 
as  he  did  the  future  growth  of  this  city  he  associated  himself  with  many  of  the 
enterprises  which  have  contributed  to  its  progress.  He  was  also  active  in  public 
affairs.  He  was  elected  to  the  city  council  in  1886;  he  served  one  year  as  presi- 
dent of  the  Board  of  Trade  and  on  one  occasion  stood  as  a  conservative  candidate 
in  a  political  contest. 

Among  the  enterprises  with  which  he  was  connected  was  the  British  Columbia 
Telephone  Company  and  the  magnitude  and  far-reaching  development  which  the 
company  has  now  attained  are  due  in  no  small  degree  to  the  ability  and  stren- 
uous efforts  of  Dr.  Lefevre  in  the  early  period  of  its  existence.  Indeed,  it  is 
generally  recognized  that  to  him  is  due  the  credit  for  having  foreseen  the  possi- 
bilities of  such  an  enterprise  as  the  population  and  commerce  of  the  province 
increased,  and  the  foundations  of  the  company  laid  by  him  and  his  associates 
have  successfully  carried  the  great  structure  of  business  that  the  company  has 
at  the  present  time.  It  is  a  public  utility  which  has  kept  pace  with  the  demands 
made  upon  it  and  has  a  still  greater  sphere  before  it  with  the  growth  of  popu- 
lation. With  this  successful  enterprise  the  name  of  Dr.  Lefevre  will  always 
be  associated. 

Dr.  Lefevre  was  also  interested  in  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Railway, 
an  enterprise  that  has  contributed  not  a  little  to  the  development  of  the  lower 


DR.  JOHN  M.  LEFEVEE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  739 

mainland  and  Vancouver  island.  He  built  one  of  the  earliest  business  blocks 
in  Vancouver  and  was  a  considerable  owner  of  real  estate  in  this  city. 

With  all  these  varied  interests  Dr.  Lefevre  never  ceased  to  take  a  deep 
interest  in  his  own  profession.  He  was  a  student  of  medicine  to  the  last. 
After  coming  to  Vancouver  he  made  a  visit  to  London  where  he  studied  for 
several  months  and  took  a  degree  as  member  of  the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons 
of  England.  He  always  took  a  deep  interest  in  the  British  Columbia  Medical 
Council;  was  connected  with  it  for  many  years;  at  one  time  its  president,  and 
ever  ready  to  lend  his  aid  to  any  proposal  designed  to  advance  the  welfare 
of  his  profession. 

In  1883  Dr.  Lefevre  married  Lily  Alice,  daughter  of  Richard  Plunkett 
Cooke,  C.  E.  A  genial  man,  ever  ready  to  do  anything  to  aid  a  friend  or  advance 
a  worthy  cause,  Dr.  Lefevre's  name  will  not  be  forgotten  as  long  as  any  of  his 
associates  of  the  early  days  of  Vancouver  survive. 


MAJOR  ALEXANDER  HENDERSON,  K.  C. 

Major  Alexander  Henderson,  barrister  and  for  many  years  an  active  factor 
in  governmental  affairs,  has  through  well  developed  powers  and  talents  reached 
the  position  of  leadership  which  has  made  his  opinions  an  influencing  factor 
in  shaping  the  political  and  judicial  history  of  the  northwest.  A  son  of  the 
late  Alexander  Henderson,  he  was  born  in  Oshawa,  Ontario,  March  13,  1860,  and 
there  pursued  his  early  education,  passing  through  consecutive  grades  until  he 
left  the  Oshawa  high  school.  He  next  entered  the  Toronto  University,  where 
he  won  his  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree  in  1884.  After  preparing  for  the  active 
practice  of  law,  he  was  made  a  barrister  in  1889,  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British 
Columbia  in  1892  and  was  created  a  king's  counsel  in  1899.  He  entered  upon 
the  active  practice  of  law  in  his  native  city,  where  he  remained  until  1891.  The 
same  year  he  arrived  in  British  Columbia  and  opened  an  office  at  New  West- 
minster. Throughout  the  intervening  period  of  twenty-two  years  he  has  con- 
tinuously advanced  in  his  profession  and,  having  long  since  left  the  ranks  of 
the  many,  stands  today  among  the  more  successful  few.  It  is  a  recognized  fact 
that  the  barrister  is  a  more  prominent  factor  in  public  affairs  than  the  representa- 
tives of  other  professions  or  commercial  or  industrial  lines.  The  reason  for  this 
is  not  hard  to  seek,  as  the  qualities  which  prepare  him  for  successful  work  in 
the  courts  also  enable  him  to  analyze  political  situations  and  expound  political 
principles.  Like  many  representatives  of  the  calling,  Major  Henderson  has  fig- 
ured in  connection  with  political  and  governmental  affairs.  In  1896  he  became 
agent  minister  of  justice  on  the  mainland  in  British  Columbia.  From  1898  until 
1900  he  sat  for  New  Westminster  in  the  local  parliament,  having  been  elected 
as  an  independent  in  the  general  election.  In  August,  1899,  he  succeeded  Hon. 
Joseph  Martin  as  attorney  general  and  filled  the  office  until  the  following  year. 
On  the  6th  of  June,  1901,  he  took  his  place  upon  the  bench  as  county  court 
judge  of  Vancouver,  and  so  continued  until  January,  1907,  when  he  resigned. 
In  that  year  he  unsuccessfully  contested  Vancouver  in  the  general  election.  On 
the  i8th  of  June,  1907,  he  was  made  commissioner  to  the  Yukon  territory, 
which  position  he  filled  until  a  recent  date,  when  he  resigned. 

His  interests  and  activities  along  other  lines  have  also  been  varied,  helpful 
and  important.  He  was  one  of  the  movers  for  the  founding  of  the  University  of 
British  Columbia  in  1906.  Interested  in  the  question  of  the  conservation  and 
care  of  the  forests,  he  was  made  provincial  vice  president  of  the  Dominion  For- 
estry Association  in  1909.  His  military  service  as  a  member  of  the  Vancouver 
Militia  covered  a  long  period  and  he  became  a  captain  and  subsequently  a  major 
of  the  Sixth  Regiment.  He  also  served  as  adjutant  of  the  Bisley  Canadian  Rifle 
Team  in  1901. 


740  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

In  September,  1895,  Major  Henderson  was  married  to  Susan  Crawford,  a 
daughter  of  William  McCraney,  ex-member  of  parliament  from  the  province 
of  Ontario.  His  religious  faith  is  attested  by  his  membership  in  the  Presbyterian 
church  and  he  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  Club.  The  "World"  has  characterized 
him  as  "a  man  of  exceptional  ability."  His  public  service  along  various  lines 
has  received  general  indorsement  and  'the  approbation  of  those  best  qualified  to 
speak  upon  the  subject.  He  has  ever  regarded  a  public  office  as  a  public  trust 
and,  moreover,  in  the  line  of  judicial  service  his  record  has  been  characterized  by 
a  masterful  grasp  of  every  problem  presented  for  solution. 


ALEXANDER  WAGNER. 

Alexander  Wagner,  who  for  eleven  years  has  been  engaged  in  the  hotel 
business  in  Steveston,  was  born  in  Germany  on  the  4th  of  February,  1869,  and  is 
a  son  of  Carl  and  Julia  (de  Monsee)  Wagner.  The  mother  is  now  deceased. 

The  early  recollections  of  Alexander  Wagner  are  associated  with  his  native 
land,  where  he  was  reared  and  educated  in  very  much  the  same  manner  as  other 
German  youths  of  his  class.  At  the  age  of  seventeen  he  left  school  and  began 
his  business  career  as  an  employe  in  the  office  of  a  marine  insurance  company. 
He  was  identified  with  this  company  for  three  years,  at  the  expiration  of  which 
period  he  entered  the  German  army,  where  he  served  the  usual  period  required 
of  every  able-bodied  male  citizen.  At  the  time  of  his  honorable  discharge  he  held 
the  rank  of  sergeant.  Resolved  to  come  to  America  to  pursue  his  career,  he 
soon  thereafter  took  passage  for  Canada,  with  British  Columbia  as  his  destina- 
tion. He  located  in  Vancouver,  where  for  nine  years  he  followed  various  activi- 
ties. At  the  end  of  that  time  he  came  to  Steveston  and  went  into  the  hotel  busi- 
ness, which  he  has  ever  since  followed  with  a  good  measure  of  success. 

On  the  9th  of  November,  1892,  Vancouver  was  the  scene  of  Mr.  Wagner's 
marriage  to  Miss  Augusta  Shuster,  and  to  them  have  been  born  three  children. 
In  order  of  birth  they  are  as  follows :  Meta,  who  is  studying  music  in  Germany ; 
Richard,  a  student  in  the  University  at  Victoria ;  and  Aegir,  two  years  of  age. 

Mr.  Wagner  enjoys  the  full  rights  of  citizenship,  but  has  never  identified 
himself  with  any  political  party,  giving  his  support  to  such  candidates  as  he 
deems  best  qualified  for  the  office.  Although  he  has  foresworn  allegiance  to  the 
fatherland,  he  is  still  deeply  attached  to  the  land  of  his  birth  and  many  of  its 
institutions,  and  feels  a  strong  bond  of  sympathy  with  his  fellow  countrymen 
with  whom  he  maintains  relations  through  the  medium  of  the  Sons  of  Herman, 
of  which  he  is  a  charter  member.  Mr.  Wagner  is  a  man  of  pronounced  domestic 
tastes  and  is  deeply  interested  in  his  home  and  family.  He  is  especially  proud 
of  his  two  eldest  children,  both  of  whom  are  ambitious  students,  and  is  giving 
them  the  benefit  of  the  very  best  educational  advantages. 


JAMES  BARCLAY  WILLIAMS. 

James  Barclay  Williams,  claim  agent  for  the  city  of  Vancouver,  has  held 
that  important  office  since  1911  and  for  a  number  of  years  prior  to  that  time 
was  actively  identified  with  journalistic  interests.  His  birth  occurred  in  Arn- 
prior,  Ontario,  on  the  27th  of  September,  1882,  his  parents  being  James  C.  and 
Huldah  (Magoon)  Williams.  The  former  was  a  son  of  Joseph  Williams,  who 
came  from  London  to  Canada  in  1871,  settling  at  Arnprior,  where  he  followed 
the  painter's  trade.  James  C.  Williams,  a  native  of  London,  accompanied  his 
parents  on  their  emigration  to  Canada.  He  learned  the  printer's  trade  and  event- 
ually engaged  in  newspaper  work  at  Arnprior,  Ontario,  as  editor  and  proprietor 
of  the  Arnprior  Watchman. 


ALEXANDER  WAGNER 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  743 

James  Barclay  Williams  obtained  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Arnprior  and  subsequently  augmented  his  knowledge  in  that  most  valuable 
of  schools — the  print  shop.  He  entered  the  employ  of  his  father,  editor  of  the 
Watchman,  and  remained  in  his  service  for  five  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that 
period  he  went  to  Montreal  and  there  worked  in  the  composing  room  of  the 
Montreal  Herald  for  one  year.  In  1902  he  came  Vancouver,  British  Columbia, 
and  during  the  following  three  years  was  engaged  in  newspaper  work  as  an 
employe  of  the  World  and  the  Province.  In  1905  he  embarked  in  the  news- 
paper business  on  his  own  account,  beginning  the  publication  of  the  North  Van- 
couver Weekly  Express  at  North  Vancouver  and  editing  that  sheet  until  1909. 
In  that  year  he  sold  out  and  subsequently  worked  as  an  employe  of  the  World 
until  1911,  when  he  became  claim  agent  for  the  city  of  Vancouver.  In  that 
important  office  he  has  remained  to  the  present  time,  discharging  the  duties 
devolving  upon  him  in  a  most  capable,  efficient  and  highly  satisfactory  manner. 

On  the  ist  of  November,  1912,  Mr.  Williams  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Lyda  Wallace,  a  daughter  of  John  Wallace,  of  Sault  Sainte  Marie,  Ontario.  He 
belongs  to  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  is  likewise  a  member  of 
the  Commercial  Club.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Williams  are  well  known  in  the  locality 
where  they  live  and  have  gained  an  extensive  circle  of  warm  friends  in  Vancouver. 


WILLIAM    PARNELL    DESPARD    PEMBERTON. 

William  Parnell  Despard  Pemberton,  a  mining  engineer  of  Victoria  and  one 
who  holds  high  rank  in  his  profession,  was  born  November  12,  1877,  in  the  city' 
which  is  yet  his  home,  a  son  of  Joseph  D.  and  Theresa  J.  D.  Pemberton.  The 
father,  a  complete  record  of  whom  appears  elsewhere  in  this  work,  was  one  of 
the  pioneer  settlers  of  Victoria,  having  come  to  this  city  in  1851  as  surveyor 
general  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company. 

W.  P.  D.  Pemberton's  parents  sent  him  to  England  that  he  might  be  educated 
in  that  country.  He  attended  the  public  schools  and  was  graduated  from  Cam- 
bridge in  1899  with  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts,  having  completed  a  classical 
course.  After  his  return  to  Canada  he  matriculated  in  McGill  University  in 
Montreal  and  won  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Science  upon  graduation  with  the 
class  of  1903.  When  his  college  days  were  over  he  returned  to  British  Columbia 
and  has  since  practiced  the  profession  of  mining  engineering,  being  for  years 
associated  with  various  important  mining  companies.  His  knowledge  and  ability 
in  this  direction  have  continuously  increased  owing  to  his  broad  practical  expe- 
rience and  wide  reading,  and  his  opinion  is  today  largely  accepted  as  authority 
upon  important  mining  projects. 

Mr.  Pemberton  was  a  member  of  the  Cambridge  University  volunteers  for 
three  years  and  he  is  a  member  of  the  Zeta  Psi  fraternity  of  Canada  and  the 
United  States,  joining  the  organization  at  Montreal.  He  is  a  member  of  both  the 
Union  Club  and  the  Pacific  Club  of  Victoria,  and  in  both  organizations  is  popu- 
lar among  the  membership. 


DAVID    GRANT,    LL.  B. 

David  Grant,  junior  judge  of  the  county  court  at  Vancouver,  has  been 
identified  with  the  bar  from  October,  1882,  and  since  1900  has  been  an  active 
representative  of  the  profession  in  Vancouver.  He  was  born  in  Westmorland 
county,  New  Brunswick,  October  12,  1853,  a  son  of  William  and  Agnes  (Mur- 
ray) Grant,  the  former  a  native  of  New  Brunswick  and  the  latter  of  Kirkcud- 
brightshire, Scotland,  whence  she  was  brought  to  the  new  world  by  her  parents 
when  but  two  years  of  age,  the  family  home  being  established  in  New  Bruns- 


744  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

wick.  Both  the  Grant  and  Murray  families  were  among  the  early  settlers  of 
that  province.  William  Grant  made  farming  his  life  work  and  always  re- 
mained a  resident  of  his  native  province. 

David  Grant  was  a  pupil  in  the  public  and  high  schools  and  in  the  Normal 
School  of  Westmorland  county,  where  he  eventually  won  a  teacher's  license. 
For  four  years  he  successfully  followed  the  profession  of  teaching  in  West- 
morland county,  but  regarded  this  merely  as  an  initial  step  to  other  profes- 
sional labor  and  turned  to  the  study  of  law  at  Dorchester,  in  the  same  county, 
in  the  office  and  under  the  direction  of  the  Hon.  H.  R.  Emerson,  ex-minister  of 
railways,  with  whom  he  remained  for  four  years.  During  that  period  by  con- 
sent of  Mr.  Emerson  and  the  benchers  of  the  Law  Society,  he  was  allowed  to 
spend  two  years  in  the  Boston  Law  School,  from  which  he  was  graduated  LL.  B. 
in  1882  with  highest  honors.  In  October  of  that  year  he  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice and  entered  upon  the  active  work  of  the  profession  in  Moncton,  New 
Brunswick.  In  October,  1884,  he  was  called  to  the  bar  and  remained  in  active 
practice  in  Moncton  until  June,  1900,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver.  In  December 
of  that  year  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia,  being  the  last  man 
on  the  roll  of  those  admitted  in  the  nineteenth  century.  He  immediately  entered 
upon  active  practice  and  so  continued  until  May,  1907,  when  he  was  called  to 
the  bench  as  junior  judge  of  the  county  court,  which  position  he  still  fills. 

Mr.  Grant's  sympathies  and  allegiance  were  given  to  the  conservative  party 
until  he  attended  the  Boston  Law  School,  when  he  gave  much  time  to  the  study 
of  political  science,  and  concluding  that  free  trade  was  the  logical  thing  for 
Canada  as  a  practical  measure  for  a  new  country,  he  has  since  favored  the 
liberal  party  and  has  been  earnest  in  his  championship  of  its  principles.  He 
•has  never  sought  nor  desired  political  office,  however,  yet  his  position  upon  any 
vital  question  is  never  an  equivocal  one.  For  five  years,  at  Moncton,  he  was 
chairman  of  the  school  board,  and  the  cause  of  education  has  ever  found  in  him 
a  stalwart  supporter. 

On  the  26th  of  June,  1883,  in  Moncton,  New  Brunswick,  Judge  Grant  was 
married  to  Miss  Jane  Kinnear,  of  that  city,  and  they  have  become  the  parents 
of  four  children:  Edward  B.,  a  mechanical  draftsman  and  designer,  of  Van- 
couver; Fannie  I.,  a  teacher  in  the  public  schools  of  Vancouver;  Harold  D., 
a  student  in  McGill  University;  and  Winnifred,  at  home.  Judge  Grant  holds 
membership  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  and  is  an  elder  in  St. 
Andrews  Presbyterian  church,  of  which  he  has  been  a  faithful  member  since 
coming  to  Vancouver. 


RICHARD  MARPOLE. 

Richard  Marpole,  the  present  general  executive  assistant  for  British  Colum- 
bia of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  was  born  in  Wales,  October  8,  1850. 
He  is  a  son  of  Richard  and  Eleanor  (Evans)  Marpole,  who  were  also  natives 
of  the  little  rock-ribbed  country  of  Wales,  where  the  father  was  for  several 
years  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  and  during  the  later  years  of  his 
life  in  agriculture. 

Richard  Marpole  attended  the  common  and  grammar  schools  of  Wales  and 
finished  his  education  in  Glasgow.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  he  entered  upon 
his  railroading  career  which  has  been  the  only  occupation  that  he  has  ever 
followed.  His  first  connection  was  with  English  railroads,  with  which  he 
continued  for  several  years.  He  then  came  to  Canada  and  was  for  some  time 
in  the  employ  of  the  Northern  Railway  of  Canada.  In  1881  he  became  asso- 
ciated with  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  first  as  a  contractor,  and  in  1882  he 
was  appointed  a  member  of  the  official  staff  of  that  company  in  the  capacity 
of  assistant  manager  of  construction  on  the  Algoma  branch  and  the  Nipissing 
division  of  the  main  line.  The  next  step  in  the  course  of  his  promotion  was 


RICHARD  MARPOLE 


747 

when  he  was  made  superintendent  of  construction  and  operation  of  the  Lake 
Superior  division,  and  in  March,  1886,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Pacific  division 
in  the  same  capacity.  In  1897  he  became  general  superintendent  of  the  Pacific 
division,  successfully  holding  that  office  until  1907.  It  was  in  that  year  that 
he  was  appointed  to  his  present  position  of  responsibility  as  general  executive 
assistant  for  British  Columbia.  He  is  also  vice  president  of  the  Esquimalt  & 
Nanaimo  Railway,  having  direct  charge  of  its  affairs,  including  its  vast  land 
and  lumber  interests.  Thus  step  by  step  he  has  advanced,  the  recognition  of  his 
ability  bringing  him  larger  responsibilities  in  more  arduous  positions  until  he 
is  today  a  most  prominent  figure  in  railway  circles  of  Canada  and  especially  in 
British  Columbia,  which  has  now  been  his  home  for  neafly  thirty  years. 

Mr.  Marpole  holds  a  unique  position  in  the  history  of  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railway  Company.  In  addition  to  being  one  of  the  oldest  officials  in  the  service 
he  had  charge,  as  superintendent  of  construction  and  operation,  of  the  Lake 
Superior  division,  five  hundred  miles,  when  the  first  passenger  trains  were  run 
through  from  Winnipeg  to  Montreal  and  vice  versa.  This  was  in  1885.  Hje 
occupied  the  same  position  on  the  Pacific  division  in  July,  1886,  when  the  first 
train  was  run  through  from  Montreal  to  Port  Moody.  He  was  the  first  to 
prepare  time  tables  based  upon  the  twenty-four  hour  system  in  America,  which 
were  used  on  that  occasion.  He  also  had  the  honor  of  laying  the  track,  join- 
ing the  rails  and  driving  the  last  spike  on  the  Lake  Superior  division  in  the 
spring  of  1885,  joining  the  main  line  between  Montreal  and  Winnipeg.  That 
winter  he  handled  the  transfer  of  the  troops  for  the  Riel  rebellion  over  that 
section,  including  transportation  by  team  over  the  eighty-six  miles  of  break 
between  the  rail  ends.  It  is  a  notable  fact  in  his  career  that  whatever  he  has 
undertaken  he  has  carried  forward  to  completion  and  that  obstacles  and  diffi- 
culties in  his  path  seem  but  to  serve  as  an  impetus  for  renewed  effort.  He  has 
been  and  is  still  an  important  factor  in  the  growth  and  upbuilding  of  this  great 
province  through  his  operations  in  railway  development.  He  has  studied  this 
country  and  its  conditions  from  many  viewpoints  and  has  advocated  the  exten- 
sion of  railways  into  those  sections,  the  rich  natural  resources  of  which  con- 
stitute a  promising  field  for  labor  and  for  settlement.  All  this  has  brought  him 
wide  knowledge  concerning  Canada  and  particularly  of  the  west. 

Aside  from  his  important  business  activities,  which  have  constituted  so 
valuable  a  factor  in  the  settlement  and  improvement  of  the  last  great  west,  he 
has  done  much  active  work  along  lines  that  promote  general  welfare  and  public 
progress.  He  was  the  first  president  of  the  Anti-Tuberculosis  Society  of  Brit- 
ish Columbia  and  his  efforts  in  that  direction  were  of  lasting  value, — in  fact 
his  life  work  has  been  of  signal  service  to  mankind. 

Mr.  Marpole  has  had  three  sons  by  his  first  wife,  who  was  a  native  of  Corn- 
wall, England.  In  1905  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Anna  Isobel 
Holmes,  a  daughter  of  Colonel  Holmes,  of  Victoria,  formerly  district  officer  com- 
manding the  British  Columbia  military  district.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Marpole  reside  in  a 
beautiful  home  on  Shaughnessy  Heights.  He  holds  membership  in  the  Union 
Club  "of,  Victoria,  the  Vancouver  Club,  and  is  president  of  the  Shaughnessy 
Heights  Golf  Club  with  its  five  hundred  members. 


HENRY    GEORGE    SANDERS    HEISTERMAN. 

Since  1904  Henry  G.  S.  Heisterman  has  been  engaged  in  the  general  practice 
of  law  in  Victoria  and  for  the  past  two  years  has  been  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  Robertson  &  Heisterman,  one  of  the  most  prominent  legal  concerns  in  the 
city.  He  was  born  in  Victoria,  January,  27,  1878,  being  the  younger  of  two 
sons  in  a  family  of  six  surviving  children  whose  parents  were  Henry  Frederick 
and  Laura  Adams  (Haynes)  Heisterman.  The  father  was  a  native  of  Bremen. 
Germany^  and  came  to  Canada  in  August.  1862.  A  more  extended  mention  of 


748  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

his  career  is  found  elsewhere  in  this  work.  His  wife  was  a  native  of  Mount 
Desert,  .Maine,  and  a  daughter  of  Perly  Haynes. 

H.  G.  S.  Heisterman  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  this  city, 
graduating  from  the  high  school  in  1894.  He  was  afterwards  articled  to  A.  E. 
McPhillips,  K.  C.,  who  later  became  a  member  of  the  government,  and  he 
remained  in  this  position  until  1899,  when  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British 
Columbia.  He  shortly  afterward  located  at  Grand  Forks,  British  Columbia, 
forming  a  partnership  with  the  Hon.  J.  A.  Macdonald,  a  sketch  of  whom  appears 
elsewhere  in  this  volume.  Mr.  Heisterman  left  Grand  Forks  in  1902  and  moved 
to  Vancouver,  entering  the  offices  of  McPhillips  &  Williams.  He  resigned 
from  this  firm  in  1904  and  came  to  Victoria,  forming  a  partnership  with  A.  E. 
McPhillips,  K.  C.  Their  association  was  terminated  in  1909  and  for  the  follow- 
ing two  years  Mr.  Heisterman  acted  as  private  solicitor  for  several  large  cor- 
porations in  Victoria.  In  1911  he  associated  himself  with  H.  B.  Robertson, 
under  the  firm  name  of  Robertson  &  Heisterman  as  barristers  and  solicitors. 

In  Vancouver,  on  the  :8th  of  July,  1906,  Mr.  Heisterman  married  Miss 
Lilian  Salsbury,  a  daughter  of  W.  F.  and  Sarah  Salsbury,  natives  of  England. 
The  parents  came  to  Canada  and  located  in  Montreal,  where  the  father  became 
associated  with  the  Grand  Trunk  Pacific  Railway.  He  moved  later  to  British 
Columbia  in  the  capacity  of  local  treasurer  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  for  the 
province,  and  has  held  this  position  ever  since  the  Canadian  Pacific  began 
operating  in  British  Columbia.  Mr.  Heisterman  belongs  to  the  Union  Club  and 
the  Canadian  Club. 


JOHN  MURRAY. 

John  Murray,  who  is  extensively  engaged  in  the  breeding  and  raising  of 
stock  at  Murrayville,  which  town  was  named  in  his  honor,  is  one  of  the  best 
known  pioneer  residents  of  his  district.  He  is  a  native  of  the  province  of 
Ontario,  his  birth  having  occurred  in  Oxford  county  on  the  I7th  of  January, 
1849,  and  a  son  of  Paul  and  Lucy  (Bruce)  Murray.  The  parents  removed  to 
British  Columbia  in  1874,  and  here  they  passed  the  remainder  of  their  lives, 
the  mother  having  but  recently  been  called  to  her  final  rest. 

Reared  at  home,  in  the  acquirement  of  an  education  John  Murray  attended 
the  public  schools  of  his  native  province  until  he  was  a  youth  of  fifteen  years. 
His  text-books  were  then  laid  aside  and  he  began  fitting  himself  for  the  heavier 
responsibilities  of  life  by  commencing  his  apprenticeship  at  the  carpenter's 
trade.  He  followed  this  occupation  until  1874,  in  which  year  together  with  his 
parents  he  removed  to  British  Columbia.  Upon  his  arrival  in  this  province 
he  filed  on  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  land  and  turned  his  attention  to  agri- 
cultural pursuits.  The  cultivation  and  improvement  of  his  ranch  has  ever 
since  engaged  his  entire  attention.  For  many  years  he  devoted  his  fields  to 
general  farming  and  also  engaged  in  stock-raising,  meeting  with  more  than 
an  average  degree  of  success  in  both  lines.  He  subsequently  sold  a  hundred 
and  twenty  acres  of  his  land  and  now  practically  confines  his  farming  to  the 
raising  of  such  cereals  as  he  uses  in  feeding,  stock-raising  now  being  his 
specialty.  Of  recent  years  he  has  gradually  withdrawn  from  active  business  and 
is  now  living  almost  retired. 

He  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  left  in  his  district  and  is  thoroughly  familiar 
with  the  country's  progress  and  development.  When  Mr.  Murray  first  located 
here  the  woods  still  abounded  with  wild  game  of  all  kinds,  and  as  he  was  very 
fond  of  hunting  he  devoted  much  time  to  this  sport  when  not  engaged  with  his 
farm  work.  That  the  country  was  little  more  than  a  trackless  wilderness  and 
was  infested  with  beasts  of  prey,  which  menaced  the  life  of  the  pioneer  and 
his  stock,  is  proven  by  his  report  of  a  single  season's  hunting,  when  he  killed 
sixteen  bears.  In  the  same  season  he  killed  sixty-nine  deer.  Moreover  in  a 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  749 

period  of  time  extending  over  several  seasons  he  killed  nine  panthers.  Wild 
ducks  and  geese  were  very  abundant  and  he  together  with  a  cousin  killed  one 
hundred  and  thirty-seven  birds  in  one  day.  Mr.  Murray  relates  many  inter- 
esting experiences  of  the  pioneer  period,  which  brought  to  him  his  full  share 
of  hardships  and  misfortunes,  his  lot  being  very  similar  to  that  of  the  majority 
of  the  frontiersmen. 

As  he  has  never  married  Mr.  Murray  lived  with  his  parents  until  they 
passed  away.  He  attends  the  services  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  his 
political  support  he  accords  to  the  liberal  party.  Although  he  has  never  figured 
prominently  in  local  government  affairs,  he  is  not  remiss  in  matters  of  citizen- 
ship, but  exerts  his  influence  on  the  side  of  progress  and  improvement.  Mr. 
Murray  enjoys  a  wide  and  favorable  acquaintance  throughout  the  district, 
where  he  has  many  stanch  friends,  and  is  known  as  a  man  of  upright  principles 
and  honest  business  methods. 


WILLIAM    CAREY    DITMARS. 

William  Carey  Ditmars  is  a  partner,  and  secretary-treasurer  of  the  general 
contracting  firm  of  Armstrong,  Morrison  &  Company,  Ltd.,  at  Vancouver.  He  and 
his  associates  were  early  residents  of  this  city  and  in  the  years  which  have  come 
and  gone  they  have  done  work  throughout  the  province  that  will  stand  as  a 
monument  to  their  ability  for  many  generations.  Theirs  is  one  of  the  longest 
established  and  most  substantial  companies  of  the  province  and  their  work 
is  seen  in  various  sections  and  has  been  of  a  most  important  character.  Mr. 
Ditmars  is  a  self-made  man  and  one  of  whom  the  public  speaks  only  in  terms 
of  high  praise  and  commendation,  his  salient  qualities  being  such  as  to  com- 
mend him  to  the  respect  and  admiration  of  business  associates  and  the  general 
public. 

W.  C.  Ditmars  was  born  at  St.  Catharines,  Ontario,  November  12,  1865,  and 
is  a  son  of  J.  V.  and  Josephine  (Soulis)  Ditmars,  both  of  whom  were  natives 
of  Nova  Scotia.  They  came  to  Ontario  in  the  late  '505  and  settled  at  St. 
Catharines.  The  father  was  a  master  mariner  and  sailed  on  the  Atlantic  for 
several  years,  principally  from  eastern  Canada  ports  to  the  West  Indies.  After 
settling  in  Ontario  he  sailed  for  forty  years  on  the  Great  Lakes,  making  his  home 
at  St.  Catharines  until  1900,  when  he  came  with  his  wife  to  Vancouver,  where 
they  resided  until  1911,  when  -Mr.  Ditmars  passed  away.  His  widow  now 
makes  her  home  in  Toronto. 

William  Carey  Ditmars  attended  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city,  but  at 
an  early  age  left  school  and  took  up  office  work,  in  which  he  continued  until 
1891,  when  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  John  Doty  Engine  Company,  of 
Toronto,  which  was  then  establishing  a  branch  business  in  Vancouver.  He 
accepted  the  position  of  accountant  in  the  Vancouver  office,  arriving  here  in  the 
spring  of  1891  and  remaining  with  that  firm  until  their  western  business  was 
closed  out  in  1894.  He  then  returned  to  Toronto,  where  he  remained  for 
three  years,  when  the  lure  of  the  west  was  upon  him  and  in  1897  he  again  went 
to  that  city  to  take  the  position  of  accountant  with  Armstrong  &  Morrison.  In 
that  year  they  secured  a  large  contract  with  the  city  for  several  miles  of  riveted 
water  pipe,  and  purchasing  the  premises  formerly  occupied  by  the  old  Van- 
couver City  Foundry  they  established  a  plant  for  the  manufacture  of  riveted 
steel  pipe  and  general  mining  machinery.  Mr.  Ditmars  continued  as  account- 
ant and  office  manager  until  1902,  when  they  sold  out  to  the  Vancouver  Engi- 
neering Works.  Their  business  has  since  been  devoted  to  general  contracting 
and  in  the  following  year,  1903,  during  the  construction  of  the  Eraser  River 
bridge,  Mr.  Ditmars  became  a  member  of  the  firm  now  known  as  Armstrong, 
Morrison  &  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  is  the  secretary-treasurer.  "  As  pre- 
viously stated,  this  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  substantial  companies  in  British 


750  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Columbia,  and  his  connection  therewith  establishes  him  as  a  representative, 
capable  and  prominent  business  man,  whose  value  is  widely  recognized  and  con- 
stitutes an  asset  in  business  circles  of  the  city.  He  is  also  secretary-treasurer 
of  the  Keremeos  Land  Company,  Ltd.,  and  of  the  Vancouver  Granite  Com- 
pany, Ltd. 

On  the  loth  of  April,  1912,  in  Vancouver,  occurred  the  marriage  of  Mr. 
Ditmars  to  Miss  Winnifred  Calvert,  a  daughter  of  F.  J.  Calvert,  formerly  of 
Winnipeg,  but  for  several  years  past  a  resident  of  Vancouver.  Mrs.  Ditmars 
is  well  known  and  active  in  church  and  musical  circles.  Mr.  Ditmars  has  for 
several  years  served  as  an  annual  governor  of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital 
and  has  long  taken  an  active  interest  in  Masonry,  holding  membership  in  Cas- 
cade Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  votes  with  the  conservative  party  but  is  not  an 
active  worker  in  its  ranks.  His  social  position  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he 
has  been  admitted  to  membership  in  the  Terminal  City  and  Royal  Vancouver 
Yacht  Clubs.  His  position,  won  entirely  through  his  own  efforts,  is  a  recogni- 
tion of  individual  merit,  ability  and  worth. 


HENRY  ALLYRDICE  BELL. 

Henry  Allyrdice  Bell,  now  living  retired,  is  a  man  of  courageous  spirit  and 
resolute  purpose — not  the  courage  which  manifests  itself  in  spectacular  ways 
but  that  which  firmly  and  unflinchingly  meets  the  daily  duties  of  life  and  does 
not  retreat  before  the  opposition,  the  competition  and  the  difficulties  which 
continually  confront  one  in  a  business  career.  He  passed  through  the  era  of 
the  Vancouver  fire  and  lost  everything,  but  undiscouraged  even  by  this  disaster, 
he  set  to  work  to  retrieve  his  lost  possessions  and  came  in  time  to  rank  with 
the  prosperous  residents  of  the  city.  He  was  born  in  Northumberland  county, 
Ontario,  on  the  8th  of  March,  1840,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Maria  Bell, 
who  were  farming  people  and  came  from  Ireland  to  Canada  about  1837.  The 
father  was  always  active  in  municipal  affairs. 

The  son  was  educated  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  Campbellford, 
Ontario,  and  later  entered  the  employ  of  the  Sonberger  Mining  Company  of 
Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  having  charge  of  the  machinery  department  with  active 
administration  over  the  machinery  at  the  mines.  He  continued  in  that  connec- 
tion for  eight  years  and  then  removed  to  Winnipeg  in  1876.  The  following 
year  he  went  to  the  Black  Hills  of  North  Dakota,  where  he  remained  for  a 
year,  after  which  he  returned  to  Winnipeg,  where  he  engaged  as  a  building 
contractor,  until  removing  to  Vancouver.  Among  the  buildings  erected  by  him 
is  the  opera  house  on  Notre  Dame  street  and  also  some  of  the  more  important 
business  blocks.  He  also  remodeled  the  old  Methodist  church  on  Main  street 
making  it  into  a  block  of  stores. 

In  the  spring  of  1885  Mr.  Bell  came  to  Vancouver,  crossing  the  mountains 
with  his  blankets  upon  his  back  and  often  sleeping  out  along  the  trail  at  night. 
The  journey  was  a  long  and  arduous  one,  but  after  arriving  at  his  destination 
he  again  started  in  as  a  general  builder.  He  had  several  places  in  the  course  of 
construction  when  the  fire  of  1886  wiped  out  everything,  so  that  he  lost  not 
only  building  materials  and  his  time,  but  also  the  wages  of  his  men.  Everything 
was  gone  and  he  found  himself  with  big  bills  for  material  which  he  had  used 
in  the  erection  of  buildings  that  were  not  completed  when  the  fire  occurred. 
His  tools  were  destroyed  and  in  fact  all  that  he  had  left  was  the  clothing  which 
he  wore.  He  faced  the  situation  courageously  and  with  determination,  start- 
ing anew.  He  first  built  the  Dun-Miller  block  on  Cordova  street  which  was  the 
first  block  built  after  the  fire.  He  also  erected  the  old  high  school,  the  Com- 
mercial Hotel,  the  Fairfield  and  McKinnon  blocks  and  many  fine  residences. 
He  next  built  the  stations  along  the  line  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  and  was  con- 
stantly busied  with  his  building  operations  until,  satisfied  with  the  success  which 


HENRY  A.  BELL 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  753 

had  attended   his   labors   and   his   investments,   he   retired.      His   holdings   are 
important  and  remunerative,  extending  over  the  greater  part  of  the  province. 

On  the  28th  of  January,  1909,  Mr.  Bell  was  united  in  marriage  to  Mrs. 
Allison  Myers,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Christina  Turnbull.  They  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Methodist  church,  in  which  they  take  a  very  active  part,  Mr.  Bell 
being  trustee  and  steward,  and  treasurer  of  both  the  boards  of  trustees  and 
stewards.  He  is  also  a  trustee  of  Mount  Hermon  Lodge  No.  7,  the  oldest  lodge 
of  the  city  and  is  a  past  master.  In  Masonry  he  has  attained  high  rank,  taking 
all  the  degrees  up  to  and  including  the  thirty-second  in  the  Scottish  Rite.  In 
politics  he  is  a  liberal  and  in  1908  he  filled  the  office  of  councilor  in  South  Van- 
couver. His  home  is  situated  in  the  center  of  a  beautiful  tract  of  nine  acres 
which  he  purchased  nine  years  ago.  It  was  then  all  covered  with  brush  and 
heavy  timber  but  he  has  transformed  it  until  he  has  beautiful  grounds  sur- 
rounding a  modern  and  attractive  home.  Gardening  is  one  of  his  delights  and 
he  finds  great  pleasure  in  improving  his  place,  which  is  adorned  with  many 
beautiful  trees,  shrubs  and  flowering  plants  bordering  a  well  kept  lawn.  He 
greatly  enjoys  motoring  and  travel  and  now  has  leisure  to  indulge  in  those 
activities  which  are  a  matter  of  interest,  pleasure  and  recreation  to  him.  He  is 
numbered  among  Vancouver's  pioneer  residents,  having  made  his  home  in  the 
city  from  its  villagehood  days,  and  his  efforts  have  been  an  element  in  its  sub- 
stantial progress. 


CAPTAIN    JAMES    ANTHONY    CLARKE. 

Captain  James  Anthony  Clarke  was  for  many  years  a  prominent  figure  in 
connection  with  marine  interests  of  the  northwest,  but  is  now  living  retired 
at  Port  Moody  and  is  known  as  one  of  the  "fathers"  of  the  city,  having  been 
one  of  the  original  owners  of  the  townsite.  Seventy-eight  years  of  an  eventful 
and  well  spent  life  lie  behind  him  and  their  record  chronicles  many  items  of 
interest  in  connection  with  shipping  and  business  development  in  his  section  of 
the  province.  He  was  born  December  13,  1834,  in  St.  Andrews,  New  Brunswick. 
His  forefathers  came  from  England,  Ireland  and  Scotland  and  settled  in  New 
Jersey  during  colonial  days.  They  were  afterward  connected  with  the  loyalists 
who  colonized  St.  Andrews,  New  Brunswick,  following  the  war  for  independence 
in  the  United  States.  His  parents  were  James  Anthony  and  Esther  Clarke,  the 
former  a  pilot  on  the  bay  of  Fundy.  Their  family  numbered  five  sons  and  four 
daughters. 

In  the  grammar  school  at  St.  Andrews,  New  Brunswick,  Captain  Clarke  of 
this  review  pursued  his  education,  continuing  his  studies  until  twenty-two  years 
of  age.  Following  in  the  footsteps  of  his  father,  he  became  a  sailor.  Going  to 
sea,  he  gradually  worked  his  way  upward  until  he  became  master  of  vessels, 
remaining  at  sea  for  thirty-five  years.  He  spent  some  time  on  the  Pacific  coast 
and  from  Portland,  Oregon,  made  his  way  to  British  Columbia  in  1864  as 
engineer  on  the  steam  yacht  Leviathan,  owned  by  Governor  Seymour,  of  Vic- 
toria, who  at  that  time  had  but  recently  been  appointed  governor.  For  almost 
five  decades  Captain  Clarke  has  now  lived  in  this  province  and  in  the  early  days 
met  all  the  experiences  and  difficulties  of  pioneer  life,  but  has  lived  to  see  a 
remarkable  transformation  as  the  country  has  become  thickly  settled  and  all 
the  evidences  of  a  modern  civilization  have  been  introduced.  While  for  many 
years  he  commanded  vessels  and  was  widely  known  as  a  master  mariner  and 
engineer,  he  always  embraced  his  opportunities  for  judicious  investment  and 
became  interested  in  gold  mines  and  the  owner  of  considerable  real  estate.  The 
fruits  of  his  former  labor  now  enable  him  to  live  retired  in  the  enjoyment  of 
well  earned  rest,  surrounded  with  the  comforts  and  some  of  the  luxuries  of  life. 
On  coming  to  Port  Moody  in  1865  he  purchased  the  property  of  one  of  the  royal 
engineers — a  body  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  men  who  had  been  sent  out  from 


754  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Great  Britain  to  explore  and  survey  the  country,  build  roads  and  maintain  order. 
The  Indians  naturally  resented  the  intrusion.  Moreover,  soon  after  Colonel 
Moody's  arrival,  there  was  a  rush  to  the  northwest  owing  to  the  gold  discoveries 
along  the  Fraser  river.  The  white  invasion  led  to  great  unrest  among  the  Indian 
tribes  and  Captain  Clarke  tells  of  the  murderous  guerilla  warfare  which  harassed 
the  gold  seekers  in  those  days.  When  the  rush  for  gold  had  subsided  people 
felt  that  there  was  little  inducement  to  take  up  land  at  Port  Moody.  Each 
member  of  the  royal  engineers  had  received  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres  as  a 
bonus.  A  few  began  farming  and  some  engaged  in  mechanical  work,  but  the 
majority  sold  out  their  interests  at  a  sacrifice  and  removed  to  the  United  States. 
Captain  Clarke  purchased  the  claim  of  one  of  the  royal  engineers  and  thus 
became  one  of  the  original  owners  of  the  townsite  of  Port  Moody,  the  other 
claim  upon  which  the  town  was  laid  out  being  owned  by  John  Murray.  Some- 
thing concerning  the  subsequent  rise  in  land  values  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that 
Captain  Clarke  once  sold  the  lot  upon  which  his  present  office  stands  for  fifty 
dollars  and  recently  repurchased  it  for  twenty-five  hundred  dollars. 

On  the  loth  of  August,  1865,  Captain  Clarke  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Katie  McGowan,  of  Pimlico,  England.  Their  children  are  Florence  Maria, 
Albert  James,  Ellen  Elizabeth,  William  Nelson,  Anthony  Charles,  Esther  Katie 
and  Frederick  William.  In  politics  Mr.  Clarke  is  a  conservative  but  has  never 
been  active  as  an  office  seeker.  He  is  a  third  degree  Mason  and  he  belongs  to 
the  English  church.  The  history  of  navigation  in  the  northwest  is  largely 
familiar  to  him,  for  he  has  been  a  resident  of  this  section  of  the  country  for  a 
half  century  and  is  a  well  known  figure  in  marine  circles.  Captain  Clarke  is  a 
splendid  type  of  the  broadminded  Canadian  gentleman  and  citizen  and  receives 
the  respect  and  veneration  which  should  ever  be  accorded  to  one  of  his  years, 
for  he  has  now  passed  the  seventy-eighth  milestone  on  life's  journey. 


WILLIAM  M.  McCLOY. 

The  sturdy  qualities  of  the  Scot,  combined  with  an  ability  to  adapt  himself 
readily  to  existing  conditions  and  perceive  and  grasp  opportunities,  have  enabled 
William  M.  McCloy  to  mount  to  the  important  position  of  manager  of  the  Pacific 
Chocolate  Company,  Ltd.,  of  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia,  at  the  com- 
paratively early  age  of  thirty  years.  His  career  is  but  another  proof  of  the 
fact  that  this  is  an  age  of  the  young  man's  success — the  young  man  who  on  every 
hand  proves  his  ability  to  direct  large  affairs  and  justifies  his  claim  to  leading 
positions  by  the  excellent  results  which  he  obtains.  Born  at  Rutherglen,  Scot- 
land, on  January  27,  1883,  Mr.  McCloy  is  a  son  of  Major  J.  H.  and  Wilhelmina 
McCloy.  The  father  was  a  major  in  the  British  volunteers,  being  gazetted  lieu- 
tenant by  Queen  Victoria.  Both  parents  are  still  living  and  the  father  now  is 
engaged  in  the  state  agency  business  in  England.  He  is  a  famous  shot  and  cap- 
tained the  team  of  the  mother  country  against  the  colonies  at  Bisley,  his  team 
winning  the  prize. 

Willliam  M.  McCloy  received  his  education  at  Morrison's  Academy  at  Crieff, 
Scotland,  and  also  studied  for  some  time  in  a  technical  college.  He  then  was 
apprenticed  to  a  firm  of  chartered  accountants  and  after  remaining  with  them 
for  some  time  came  to  British  Columbia,  his  ambitious  spirit  leading  him  across 
the  sea  to  a  land  where  great  opportunities  waited  strong  and  willing  hands  to 
realize  them.  Arriving  in  New  Westminster  in  1909,  he  accepted  a  position  with 
W.  J.  Kerr,  Ltd.,  as  manager  of  one  of  their  departments  and  continued  with 
that  firm  until  the  end  of  1912,  when  he  became  manager  of  the  Pacific  Chocolate 
Company,  Ltd.  This  comparatively  young  industry  has  rapidly  grown  since  its 
inception  and  has  become  one  of  the  important  commercial  interests  of  New 
Westminster. 


WILLIAM  M.  McCLOY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  757 

Mr.  McCloy  is  one  of  the  aggressive  young  men  of  his  city  whose  every 
move  is  made  with  a  purpose  of  growth  and  expansion.  This  progressive  spirit 
has  been  largely  responsible  for  the  appointment  to  the  important  position  he 
now  holds  and  is  exerted  as  well  along  lines  affecting  the  general  welfare  as  in 
his  private  interests.  He  is  as  loyal  to  his  city  as  any  native  son  could  be  and 
always  stands  in  the  front  ranks  with  those  who  seek  betterment  and  advance- 
ment along  any  line.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade  and  in  that  body 
allies  himself  with  the  most  progressive  element.  His  religion  is  that  of  his 
fathers — the  Presbyterian,  and  in  politics  he  is  a  conservative.  Readily  recogniz- 
ing the  importance  of  one's  recreation,  he  interests  himself  and  is  fond  of  vari- 
ous forms  of  outdoor  sports.  He  makes  his  home  at  No.  703  Third  avenue. 
Standing  but  on  the  threshold  of  a  successful  career,  Mr.  McCloy  has  thus  far 
undertaken  every  step  of  advancement  along  the  right  direction  and  a  career 
may  be  prophesied  for  him,  rich  in  material  results,  rich  in  honors,  rich  in 
friendships  and  rich  in  esteem  and  recognition. 


THOMAS    EVERED    WILSON. 

Thomas  Evered  Wilson,  barrister,  is  practicing  in  Vancouver  as  a  member 
of  the  firm  of  Deacon,  Deacon  &  Wilson.  He  is  a  young  man  but  has  already 
attained  a  place  of  prominence.  He  was  born  in  Ottawa,  Ontario,  in  1881 
and  is  a  son  of  E.  S.  and  Patience  V.  (Wilson)  Wilson,  who  were  also  natives  of 
Ontario.  The  father,  who  was  a  farmer  by  occupation,  resided  in  his  native 
province  until  1911,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  now  lives  retired. 

Liberal  educational  opportunities  were  accorded  Thomas  E.  Wilson,  who 
pursued  his  more  specifically  literary  education  in  Toronto  University,  from 
which  he  graduated  and  then  entered  Osgoode  Hall,  in  which  he  completed  the 
regular  law  course  with  the  class  of  1906.  The  same  year  he  was  called  to  the 
bars  of  Ontario  and  British  Columbia  and  immediately  entered  upon  active 
practice  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Deacon,  Deacon  &  Wilson,  in  which  con- 
nection he  is  accorded  a  liberal  law  practice. 

Mr.  Wilson  is  a  liberal  in  politics  but  is  not  an  active  worker  and  does  not 
seek  nor  desire  the  rewards  of  office  for  party  fealty.  He  was  married  in 
Toronto,  in  IQII,  to  Miss  Dorothy  Macpherson,  of  that  city. 


FREDERIC  GEORGE  CRICKMAY. 

The  world  judges  of  an  individual  usually  in  two  ways,  by  character  and 
by  accomplishment,  thus  determining  his  moral  worth  and  his  ability  as  a  force 
in  the  business  world.  Public  opinion  accords  to  Frederic  George  Crickmay 
high  standing.  He  has  lived  in  Vancouver  since  1888  and  in  commercial  circles 
is  now  well  known  as  the  president  and  general  manager  of  the  British  Columbia 
Anchor  Fence  Company,  Ltd.  He  was  born  at  Caterham,  in  the  county  of 
Surrey,  England,  April  19,  1869,  his  parents  being  William  and  Frances  Crick- 
may.  In  his  youthful  days  he  was  a  pupil  in  the  Whitgift  School  at  Croydon, 
England,  and  then,  like  thousands  of  others  of  the  English  youths,  he  made  his 
way  to  London  to  seek  for  business  opportunity  in  the  metropolis.  He  was 
articled  in  an  accountant's  office,  where  he  remained  for  two  years,  and  in 
1888  he  came  to  Vancouver,  thinking  to  find  still  better  business  opportunities 
in  this  western  country,  which  was  rapidly  growing.  He  was  then  a  young 
man.  of  nineteen,  hopeful  of  the  future  and  anxious  to  make  good  use  of  his 
time  and  talents.  For  six  years  he  was  a  surveyor  with  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railway  Company,  after  which  he  engaged  in  the  customs  brokerage  and  ware- 
house business  in  Vancouver  in  connection  with  his  brother,  A.  E.  Crickmay, 


Vol.  Ill—  20 


758  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

under  the  firm  style  of  Crickmay  Brothers.  This  business  has  since  been  con- 
tinued and  is  now  managed  by  A.  E.  Crickmay,  as  F.  G.  Crickmay  took  over 
the  management  of  the  British  Columbia  Anchor  Fence  Company,  Ltd.  in  1906. 
It  was  at  that  date  that  the  present  company  bought  out  the  old  company  which 
had  conducted  business  under  the  same  name.  New  management,  modern 
business  methods,  enterprise  and  determination  have  so  developed  the  under- 
taking that  it  is  now  one  of  the  important  business  interests  of  the  city.  On 
the  reorganzation  Mr.  Crickmay  was  elected  president  and  managing  director 
and  so  continues  to  the  present  time.  He  has  carefully  systematized  the  business, 
in  the  various  departments,  has  eliminated  unessential  features,  has  strengthened 
the  essential  and  has  so  devised  and  planned  the  affairs  of  the  company  that 
excellent  results  have  been  brought  about. 

On  the  27th  of  April,  1910,  at  St.  Paul's  church,  in  Vancouver,  was  cele- 
brated the  marriage  of  Mr.  Crickmay  and  Miss  .M.  Isabel  Hedley,  a  representa- 
tive of  an  old  English  family  from  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia.  They  now  have  one 
daughter,  Elizabeth  Mary.  The  parents  are  members  of  St.  Paul's  church  and 
Mr.  Crickmay  belongs  to  the  Western  Club.  He  is  a  conservative  in  politics 
and  his  military  record  covers  three  years'  connection  with  the  Sixth  Regiment, 
now  the  Duke  of  Connaught's  Own.  When  time  and  opportunity  permit  he 
cooperates  in  measures  for  the  general  good  and  has  a  public-spirited  interest 
in  the  welfare  and  upbuilding  of  the  city  and  province. 


CAPTAIN  HENRY  AUGUSTUS  MELLON. 

After  an  eventful  career  rich  in  life's  adventures,  rich  in  attainment  and  suc- 
cessful in  the  truest  sense  of  the  word,  Captain  Henry  Augustus  Mellon  now 
lives  practically  retired  in  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  resting  from  years  of 
incessant  endeavor  and  toil.  He  is,  however,  notary  for  marine  insurance  at 
the  present  time.  Coming  to  this  city  in  1886,  shortly  after  the  great  confla- 
gration, he  was  one  who  witnessed  its  rebuilding  as  it  rose  Phenix-like  from 
its  ashes  and  grew  into  a  greater  and  more  beautiful  city  than  ever  before. 

Although  Captain  Mellon  lives  practically  retired,  he  still  keeps  in  touch  with 
shipping  interests,  an  industry  to  which  he  has  devoted  practically  all  his  life, 
as  representative  of  the  New  York  Board  of  Underwriters.  Captain  Mellon  was 
born  May  22,  1840,  at  the  manufacturing  city  of  Nottingham,  England,  and 
after  having  received  a  fair  education  became  a  sailor.  At  the  early  age  of 
fourteen  years  the  lure  and  attractions  of  the  venturesome,  many-sided  life 
appealing  strongly  to  the  young  man,  he  embarked  as  an  apprentice  on  board  of 
the  Chimera  and  his  first  trip  took  him  from  London  to  Calcutta.  The  life 
aboard  appealed  to  him  and  has  held  him  in  thrall  in  its  fascination  for  all  his 
life.  Liverpool  remained  his  home  port  for  a  number  of  years  and  between  his 
sailings  he  from  there  visited  his  home  folks  in  the  old  city.  The  Chimera 
remained  Captain  Mellon's  home  for  about  five  years  and  despite  the  rough 
and  ready  regime  he  fully  enjoyed  a  sailor's  life  and  served  out  on  her  his 
apprenticeship.  Shortly  after  that  time  he  joined  the  Royal  Navy,  becoming  a 
member  of  the  crew  of  the  Zenobia,  and  speaks  reminiscently  of  sailor's  life 
at  that  time  as  follows :  "In  those  days  life  for  the  sailors  aboard  naval  ships 
was  what  I  call  'scratch  and  go,'  pretty  rough  and  plenty  of  hard  tack,  but,  on 
the  whole,  I  liked  the  experience.  Most  of  the  battleships  were  wooden  walls. 
There  were  a  few  steamers,  and  the  Zenobia  was  a  paddle  boat."  While  in  the 
navy  Captain  Mellon,  in  the  course  of  a  cruise,  was  at  Calcutta  when  the  Indian 
mutiny  broke  out  and  he  thus  was  afforded  an  opportunity  to  participate  in  the 
quelling  of  this  bloody  revolt  until  on  account  of  a  wound  in  the  leg  he  had  to 
unfortunately  give  up  the  service.  In  Calcutta  he  joined  what  was  afterward 
known  as  the  Peel  Brigade  and  as  the  regulars  had  gone  to  the  front  to  relieve 
unfortunate  English  in  the  different  sections  where  there  were  uprisings,  it 


CAPTAIN  HENRY  A.  MELLON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  761 

devolved  upon  Peel's  Brigade  to  garrison  Fort  William,  where  the  white  women 
and  children  of  Calcutta  had  sought  refuge.  Shortly  afterward  Captain  Mellon 
made  one  of  a  force  sent  to  the  relief  of  some  point  in  danger  and  during  the 
mutiny  he  was  fighting  in  different  parts  of  the  country.  The  first  actual  encoun- 
ter he  saw  was  at  Chitteringham,  where  his  regiment  was  engaged  in  driving 
out  the  different  Sepoy  troops  as  they  mutinied,  and  he  still  vividly  remembers 
the  first  regiment  which  was  disarmed  by  the  brigade  at  Barrackpoor.  The 
force  of  which  he  formed  a  unit  reached  Lucknow  very  shortly  after  the  relief 
but  on  the  way  to  that  city  in  an  engagement  with  the  Sepoys,  the  Captain  was 
wounded  in  the  foot  and  had  to  be  carried  the  remainder  of  the  way  to  Lucknow 
in  an  ox  cart.  After  his  arrival  there  he  was  invalided  to  England.  Asked 
what  his  most  vivid  memory  of  the  mutiny  was,  Captain  Mellon  replied:  "The 
bitter  feeling  engendered  against  the  Sepoys  on  account  of  their  fearful  treat- 
ment of  our  women  and  children.  We  came  across  some  places  where  every 
white  man  had  been  massacred,  but  the  women  and  children  suffered  most." 
He  holds  a  most  pleasant  memory  of  the  splendid  way  in  which  the  faithful 
Sikhs  fought  for  the  English  crown  and  has  always  a  word  of  commendation 
to  say  in  favor  of  their  loyalty  and  brave  and  courageous  spirit.  Upon  recover- 
ing from  his  wound  Captain  Mellon  once  more  embarked  aboard  a  sailing  ves- 
sel, but  later  joined  the  Allan  Line,  in  the  employ  of  which  company  he  remained 
for  about  ten  years.  The  first  ship  of  this  line  with  which  he  was  connected 
was  the  Hibernian,  which  brought  to  England  the  news  of  the  assassination  of 
President  Lincoln.  As  his  qualities  and  ability  as  a  master  were  recognized 
he  was  promoted  to  more  important  positions  and  subsequently  became  the  com- 
mander of  the  passenger  liner  Prussian.  After  severing  his  connection  with 
the  Allan  Line  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Dominion  Steamship  Line  and  with 
that  company  remained  for  seven  years,  being  most  of  the  time  captain  of  the 
Memphis,  but  holding  in  between  several  important  temporary  commands.  The 
Memphis  was  an  iron  screw  steamer  of  three  hundred  horse  power  and  fifteen 
hundred  ninety-five  tons  register.  As  she  approached  the  shore  the  storm  ob- 
scured the  shore  lights  and  the  ship  struck  the  Perido  reef.  It  floated  at  the 
next  tide,  but  struck  on  the  Pena  de  las  Animas  rock.  The  Captain  devoted  his 
attention  to  getting  the  passengers  safely  off  and  all  were  taken  to  shore  but  the 
ship  was  wrecked.  The  cause  of  the  wreck  was  decided  as  a  mistaking  of  a 
brilliant  and  unusual  light  on  shore,  where  a  carnival  was  being  held,  for  the 
San  Antonio  light,  which  it  greatly  resembled.  It  was  the  only  light  visible  for 
a  while  and  when  the  storm  lifted  and  the  San  Antonio  was  visible,  it  was  too 
late  to  correct  the  course  of  the  ship  and  avoid  the  rocks.  The  Captain  was  fully 
vindicated.  In  the  course  of  his  eventful  career  as  commander  of  big  liners 
bound  to  all  ports  of  the  world  Captain  Mellon  gradually  reached  the  high  posi- 
tion of  commodore  captain  of  the  Dominion  Line. 

In  1879  or  1880  Captain  Mellon  determined  to  seek  the  opportunities  offered 
in  the  Canadian  northwest,  of  the  riches  of  which  he  had  heard  a  great  deal  in 
England  and  from  his  passengers.  Letting  the  deed  follow  the  word  he  came 
to  Canada  and  made  his  way  to  Winnipeg,  reaching  that  city  during  its  first 
boom  and  in  connection  with  the  Dominion  Steamship  Reserve  helped  to  estab- 
lish Rapid  City.  He  was  the  pioneer  settler  and  took  the  first  passenger  there. 
He  was  the  leader  of  the  party  and  its  whole  soul.  Mrs.  Mellon  becoming  sick, 
however,  her  husband  returned  with  her  to  the  motherland,  but  the  expected 
relief  did  not  come  to  her  and  she  passed  away  only  one  week  after  their  arrival. 
Returning  to  Winnipeg,  he  subsequently  married  Susanna  Gertrude  Clarke,  for- 
merly of  Meaford,  Ontario,  who  came  with  him  to  Vancouver,  where  she  is  well 
known  in  social  circles  and  has  a  large  number  of  friends.  Extended  mention 
of  Mrs.  Mellon  is  made  on  another  page  of  this  work. 

By  the  first  marriage  Captain  Mellon  had  but  one  child,  who  is  still  living; 
Henry  R.  G.  Mellon,  who  resides  at  Port  Mellon  on  Howe  Sound  in  charge  of 
a  pulp  and  paper  plant.  This  port  was  named  for  Captain  Mellon. 


762  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

After  the  death  of  his  first  wife  Captain  Mellon,  however,  went  to  sea  again, 
commanding  the  Berbice,  a  cargo  and  passenger  boat  engaged  in  trade  to  the 
West  Indies,  but  after  two  voyages  he  decided  to  give  up  seafaring  life  and 
returned  to  Winnipeg.  He  had  planned  to  go  to  Texas,  U.  S.  A.,  to  engage  in 
the  raising  of  horses  and  cattle,  but  was  persuaded  to  come  to  British  Columbia 
by  Mrs.  Mellon,  who  had  long  had  a  desire  to  make  her  home  in  western  Canada 
near  the  ocean.  After  remaining  there  for  a  year  he  crossed  the  Rocky  moun- 
tains and  made  for  Victoria  and  en  route  they  met  the  Hon.  John  Turner,  who 
encouraged  their  belief  in  the  coming  greatness  of  Vancouver.  In  December, 
1886,  he  arrived  in  Vancouver,  shortly  after  that  city  had  been  scourged  by  its 
historic  conflagration.  It  was  a  small  place  then,  bent  low,  but  not  broken,  by 
this  tragic  disaster — a  place  where  everybody  knew  everybody,  yet  where  that 
helpful  spirit  prevailed  which  comes  with  sorrow  and  loss  and  where  all  tried  to 
help  each  other  to  rebuild  their  homes.  Although  Captain  Mellon  has  lived 
practically  retired,  he  has  kept  in  touch  with  shipping  interests,  representing  a 
number  of  New  York  underwriting  firms.  He  has  also  been  connected  with 
other  business  interests,  for  he  was  the  founder  and  the  first  president  of  the 
British  Columbia  Wood,  Pulp  &  Paper  Company,  Limited,  at  Port  Mellon,  which 
was  the  first  pulp  mill  built  in  British  Columbia.  When  in  April,  1910,  Captain 
and  Mrs.  Mellon  were  about  to  embark  for  Europe,  they  were  presented  with 
some  handsome  gifts  by  the  pulp  company  and  also  by  the  Arts  and  Historical 
Society.  Of  the  latter  Mrs.  Mellon  was  the  real  founder  and  in  all  of  her  work 
in  that  connection  has  had  the  hearty  cooperation  and  assistance  of  her  husband. 
In  recognition  of  their  services  they  have  been  made  honorary  life  presidents  of 
the  society  which  has  placed  their  pictures  upon  the  walls  of  the  museum.  Cap- 
tain Mellon  is  also  a  member  of  the  Royal  Colonial  Institute.  He  is  surveyor 
for  the  Bureau  Veritas  and  his  surveys  have  never  once  been  questioned.  For  a 
number  of  years  he  was  Spanish  vice  consul  for  British  Columbia.  He  has  ever 
been  deeply  interested  in  the  welfare  of  seafaring  men  and  in  New  Orleans 
he  gave  a  lecture  to  aid  in  the  building  of  the  Bethel  Home  for  Sailors,  at  which 
about  fourteen  hundred  dollars  was  raised.  By  an  unanimous  vote  he  was  elected 
a  life  member  of  the  New  Orleans  Cotton  Exchange.  He  has  lectured  frequently, 
always  before  large  audiences,  and  the  full  proceeds  have  been  given  to  charity. 
His  charitable  and  philanthropic  work  and  also  his  public  service  have  kept  him 
for  many  years  prominently  before  the  public.  In  politics  he  has  been  a  stanch 
conservative.  During  early  days  in  Vancouver  he  filled  the  office  of  police  magis- 
trate for  several  years  and  he  was  examiner  of  masters  and  mates,  appointed 
by  the  liberal  government.  He  founded  and  was  the  first  president  of  St.  George's 
Society,  organized  for  philanthropic  purposes  and  he  and  his  wife  belong  to  the 
Church  of  England. 

He  is  truly  a  pioneer  of  this  section  and  of  the  city  to  which  he  came  when 
it  received  its  real  impetus  of  growth  in  its  rebirth.  Many  are  the  pictures  which 
Captain  Mellon  can  recall  to  mind  of  the  old  Vancouver  when  there  were  just 
roads  where  now  are  splendid  streets ;  plank  sidewalks,  .on  which  one  had  to  walk 
with  lanterns,  where  now  stretch  miles  of  asphalt ;  when  there  were  empty  lots 
where  now  stand  resplendent  and  monumental  public  buildings;  and  where  once 
one  could  hear  naught  but  the  singing  of  the  frogs  now  throbs  the  life  of  a  great 
city.  Humorously  the  Captain  compares  the  wonderful  reception  which  was 
recently  given  to  the  Duke  and  Duchess  of  Connaught  on  the  occasion  of  the 
opening  of  the  Cambie  Street  bridge  with  the  first  public  celebration  held  here, 
when  the  population  of  the  city  at  the  most  was  eight  hundred  souls  and  the  first 
Canadian  Pacific  train  came  through.  It  was  this  in  the  year  1887,  the  golden 
jubilee  of  England's  queen,  when  there  were  but  a  few  streets  which  comprised 
Vancouver,  which  were  also  decorated  for  the  occasion,  but  far  differently  than 
the  wonderful  arrangements  which  greeted  the  governor  general  and  his  illus- 
trious wife  when  thousands  thronged  the  streets. 

Captain  Mellon  has  passed  the  seventy-third  milestone  on  life's  journey — a 
life  that  has  given  him  wonderful  opportunities,  which  he  has  made  use  of,  and 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  763 

that  has  been  filled  with  events  which  make  it  rich  in  its  evening  tide.  In  him 
we  see  a  man  who,  by  the  force  of  his  character,  his  ability,  his  foresight  and  his 
initiative  has  built  up  a  life's  success.  He  is  highly  esteemed  and  honored  in  the 
city  which  he  proudly  calls  his  home  and  can  look  back  with  satisfaction  upon 
the  performance  of  such  duties  in  life  as  fell  to  his  lot.  To  his  especial  credit 
stands  his  brave  and  courageous  conduct  in  the  hours  of  the  dark  Indian  rebellion, 
when  the  richest  of  Britain's  colonies  was  on  the  verge  of  being  torn  from  its 
crown.  Nature  has  been  kind  to  him  and  with  him  one -connects  not  old  age  as 
a  period  when  mental  and  physical  powers  weaken,  for  his  old  age  has  made  him 
stronger  and  brighter  mentally  and  morally  and  as  the  years  go  by  he  gives  out  of 
his  rich  store  of  wisdom  and  experience  for  the  benefit  of  others.  Kindly  and 
humorous,  he  is  a  born  raconteur  and  the  recount  of  his  experiences  has  often  given 
pleasure  to  those  who  have  been  privileged  to  hear  him.  His  life  has  been  one  of 
worth,  filled  with  action,  and  he  is  not  only  one  of  the  most  venerable  men  of 
Vancouver  but  also  one  of  the  most  honored  citizens  of  this  city,  and  the  honor 
its  people  do  unto  him  reflects  back  upon  them  in  so  doing. 


SUSANNA    GERTRUDE    CLARKE    MELLON. 

Susanna  Gertrude  Clarke  Mellon  was  born  in  London,  England,  a  daughter 
of  Frederick  Clarke  of  Goswell  street,  London.  When  she  was  a  child  her  par- 
ents brought  the  family  to  Canada,  settling  at  Meaford,  St.  Vincent,  Ontario,  in 
1851.  They  made  their  home  on  the  shore  of  the  Georgian  bay,  and  the  habita- 
tion was  quite  crude  and  primitive  compared  to  the  home  in  England  which  they 
had  left.  They  had  to  go  more  than  fifty  miles  for  provisions.  It  was  winter 
when  they  arrived  and  at  Toronto  they  were  met  by  friends,  who  took  them  in 
sleighs  the  long  journey  to  their  new  home.  The  father  was  injured  at  an  old 
time  barn  raising  and  for  twenty-five  years  was  an  invalid.  However,  he  for 
six  years  survived  his  wife,  who  passed  away  on  the  old  home  farm.  In  their 
family  were  seven  children,  all  of  whom,  save  one,  were  born  in  England.  Of 
these  but  four  are  now  living,  two  of  whom,  -Mrs.  Mellon  and  Frederick  Clarke 
are  residents  of  British  Columbia.  The  father  was  uniformly  styled  "Gentleman 
Clarke"  because  of  his  gracious  and  courtly  manner.  In  his  agricultural  pursuits 
he  was  strongly  inclined  towards  scientific  farming  and  devoted  much  of  his  life 
to  experiments  along  scientific  lines.  In  England  he  had  been  a  member  of  the 
Anti-Mephitic  Maneur  and  Sanitary  Improvement  Association.  He  was  the  in- 
ventor of  a  device  which  gave  great  promise  of  civic  improvement,  but  it  was 
ahead  of  the  times.  Undertaking  its  manufacture,  he  invested  heavily  and  lost 
heavily.  Later,  however,  this  device  proved  a  great  success  and  many  are  now 
in  use  in  England. 

In  1882  Susanna  Gertrude  Clarke  went  to  Winnipeg,  where  she  remained  for 
four  years.  While  there  she  was  married  to  Captain  H.  A.  Mellon  and  in  1886 
they  came  to  British  Columbia,  where  she  has  since  made  her  home.  Mrs. 
Mellon  had  long  heard  of  the  far  western  province  and,  desiring  to  go  to  the 
ocean  side  she  used  her  influence  to  persuade  her  husband  to  remove  to  British 
Columbia  instead  of  to  Texas,  as  he  had  planned.  Since  coming  to  Vancouver 
Mrs.  Mellon  has  been  active  in  social,  society  and  club  life  and  has  contributed 
liberally  of  her  time  and  money  to  many  worthy  causes. 

Especially  has  she  been  helpful  in  connection  with  the  Victorian  Order  of 
Nurses,  of  which  she  was  one  of  the  first  organizers  and  for  several  years  she 
was  a  director  of  the  society.  She  is  also  one  of  the  charter  members  of  the 
Canadian  Club  and  holds  membership  in  the  Arts  and  Crafts  and  also  in  the  Arts, 
Historical  and  Scientific  Society.  Of  the  last  named  she  was  practically  the  or- 
ganizer. Her  inspiration  for  the  founding  in  British  Columbia  of  a  fitting  memo- 
rial to  the  great  navigator,  Captain  James  Cook,  had  its  source  in  a  letter  from  her 


764  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

illustrious  cousin,  the  late  Dr.  Hyde  Clarke,  F.  R.  S.,  D.  C.  L.,  of  London,  who 
was  first  a  civil  engineer  and  later  was  sent  to  Constantinople  as  a  government 
attache.  Another  cousin.  Professor  Bull  of  London,  England,  was  with  Lord 
Kelvin  on  the  first  Atlantic  Cable  Expedition.  Dr.  Hyde  Clarke  was  a  celebrated 
linguist  with  a  knowledge  of  over  one  hundred  languages  and  was  a  well  known 
newspaper  man.  He  felt  that  British  Columbia  should  erect  a  fitting  memorial 
for  Captain  Cook.  Other  places  among  the  British  possessions  had  done  so  and 
Dr.  Clarke  wrote  a  letter  to  the  Hon.  Carter-Cotton  of  Vancouver  on  the  22d  of 
September,  1887,  calling  attention  to  the  need  for  such  action.  Mr.  Carter- 
Cotton  wrote  editorially  in  response  urging  the  founding  of  such  a  memorial 
society,  to  collect  and  preserve  data.  Mrs.  Mellon  had  been  associated  with  an 
art  society  in  Winnipeg  and  enthusiastically  entered  upon  the  work  here,  laboring 
untiringly  to  establish  and  build  up  a  society  of  such  character  as  would  endure 
and  grow. in  its  far-reaching  and  helpful  influences.  It  is  hoped  that  some  time 
a  building  in  keeping  with  the  dignity  and  greatness  of  British  Columbia  will  be 
erected  to  carry  on  the  work  of  the  society,  which  is  now  on  a  firm,  substantial 
basis.  Through  the  untiring  efforts  of  its  officers  the  association  and  its  museum 
are  recognized  as  of  marked  educational  value  and  worth  by  the  public  at  large. 
It  entertains  as  many  as  five  thousand  visitors  per  month.  The  present  presi- 
dent is  His  Honor,  Judge  Howay,  who  for  three  years  has  been  the  presiding 
officer  and  his  assistance  and  able  counsel  have  been  of  material  help  and  greatly 
appreciated  by  the  other  officers. 

The  development  of  the  society  to  its  present  thriving  condition  has  come 
through  many  hardships  and  disappointments,  Mrs.  Mellon  making  three  distinct 
attempts  to  organize  the  work  which  has  ultimately  been  brought  to  a  most  suc- 
cessful point.  First  a  society  was  started  called  the  Historical  and  Literary  Asso- 
ciation, of  which  Mr.  R.  E.  Gosnell  of  Victoria  was  secretary  pro  tern.  In  1883 
a  second  attempt  was  made,  the  society  being  known  as  the  Columbian  Institute. 
A  failure  also  ended  this  endeavor.  On  the  3d  of  April,  1894,  the  Arts,  His- 
torical and  Scientific  Society  came  into  being,  largely  through  the  efforts  of 
Mrs.  Mellon,  who  was  chosen  the  first  vice  president  and  served  as  such  for 
several  years.  For  five  years  she  was  treasurer  and  later  was  again  made  first 
vice  president,  continuing  thus  to  the  present  time.  The  society  during  its 
first  year,  from  the  ist  to  the  8th  of  November,  under  the  patronage  of  the  Earl 
and  Countess  of  Aberdeen,  held  an  art  and  loan  exposition  to  further  the  work 
of  the  society.  In  recognition  of  her  efforts  and  her  contagious  enthusiasm  in 
this  work  Mrs.  Mellon  has  been  made  a  life  member.  This  association  was  the 
first  to  affiliate  with  the  local  council  of  women  and  Mrs.  Mellon  has  had  repre- 
sentation on  the  board  of  the  council  of  women  from  the  beginning.  The  Arts, 
Historical  and  Scientific  Society  has  passed  through  its  struggle  for  existence. 
It  will  be  remembered  that  in  1909,  when  delegates  of  the  International  Council 
of  Women  met  in  Toronto,  twenty-nine  of  these  delegates  came  on  to  the  coast. 
With  them  was  Mrs.  Withington  of  Great  Ayton  in  York,  England,  where  Cap- 
tain Cook  was  educated.  They  visited  the  museum  and  Mrs.  Withington  was 
much  impressed  by  a  portrait  of  Captain  Cook  there  exhibited.  She  asked  who 
it  was  that  showed  such  a  regard  for  the  intrepid  navigator  as  to  secure  his 
picture.  She  was  introduced  to  Mrs.  Mellon  and  became  so  interested  in  the 
attempt  to  raise  a  fund  that  while  en  route  to  Chicago  she  took  a  collection  from 
the  delegates  with  whom  she  was  traveling  and  sent  it  back  to  increase  the  fund. 
Also  upon  her  return  to  Great  Britain  .she  gave  a  lecture  in  Great  Ayton,  the 
proceeds  of  which  went  for  the  same  purpose. 

In  the  same  year  Mrs.  Mellon  went  to  Europe  intending  to  make  an  appeal 
for  help  to  the  English  people.  She  had  taken  editorials  and  documents  of 
various  kinds  to  use,  but  she  found  that  Sir  James  Carruthers,  ex-premier  of 
New  South  Wales  had  just  appealed  to  the  people  of  London  to  erect  there 
another  suitable  monument  to  Captain  James  Cook.  This  prevented  Mrs.  Mellon 
making  her  appeal  as  the  time  seemed  inopportune.  At  present  the  nucleus  for  a 


MRS.  SUSANNA  GERTRUDE  CLARKE  MELLON 


767 

fund  for  the  British  Columbia  memorial  to  Captain  Cook  exists  and  Mrs.  Mellon 
plans  to  enlarge  it,  hoping  to  secure  a  building  worthy  of  both  the  city  of  Vancou- 
ver and  the  pioneer  navigator  of  the  Pacific.  Mrs.  Mellon  is  a  councilor  of  the 
League  of  Empire,  of  London,  England.  She  is  also  a  member  of  the  committee 
of  the  Pauline  Johnson  Fund,  organized  to  secure  the  publication  of  the  writings 
of  this  celebrated  Indian  poetess  and  lecturer,  who,  in  1913,  passed  away,  and 
whose  beautiful  verse  and  legends  have  made  her  famous  and  have  called  espe- 
cial attention  to  Vancouver. 


WILLIAM    GARLAND    McQUARHIE. 

William  Garland  McQuarrie  of  McQuarrie,  Martin  &  Cassady,  of  New 
Westminster,  was  born  in  Ottawa,  July  26,  1876,  and  is  a  son  of  Lachlan  and 
Mary  McQuarrie.  He  was  called  to  the  bar  of  this  province  in  1900,  since 
which  time  he  has  been  in  active  practice.  He  was  first  associated  with  Aulay 
Morrison,  K.  C,  now  Mr.  Justice  Morrison  on  the  British  Columbia  supreme 
court  bench,  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Morrison,  Whiteside,  McQuarrie  & 
Briggs.  He  was  afterward  in  the  firm  headed  by  Joseph  Martin,  K.  C.,  prac- 
tice being  conducted  under  the  style  of  Martin,  Weart  &  McQuarrie.  Later 
he  was  in  the  firm  of  Wade,  Whealler,  McQuarrie  &  Martin,  which  partnership 
was  continued  until  the  early  fall  of  1912,  since  which  time  a  change  in  partner- 
ship has  led  to  the  adoption  of  the  present  firm  style  of  McQuarrie,  Martin  & 
Cassady,  his  partners  being  Messrs.  George  E.  .Martin  and  George  Livingstone 
Cassady.  It  is  one  of  the  leading  firms  in  New  Westminster.  They  are  solicit- 
ors for  the  city  of  New  Westminster  and  Burnaby,  Matsqui,  and  Surrey  munici- 
palities, also  for  the  Merchants  Bank  of  Canada  and  the  Northern  Crown  Bank, 
and  in  addition  have  a  large  general  practice  which  connects  them  with  much 
important  litigation. 

Mr.  McQuarrie  was  married  in  1907  to  Miss  Elsie  Owen  Macgowan,  a 
daughter  of  D.  H.  Macgowan  of  New  Westminster.  They  have  one  son  and 
one  daughter,  Mary  Frances  Caroline  and  Colin  Dunslaf.  The  family  reside 
at  No.  49  Albert  crescent. 

Mr.  McQuarrie  is  well  known  through  his  club  relations,  holding  member- 
ship in  the  Vancouver,  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  and  the  Jericho  Country 
Clubs  of  Vancouver,  besides  the  Westminster  Club  and  the  British  Columbia 
Golf  Club.  He  belongs  to  Union  Lodge,  No.  9,  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  to  the  Inde- 
pendent Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  and  is  a  Presbyterian.  In  politics  he  is  a  con- 
servative. He  finds  recreation  in  golf  and  tennis  as  well  as  in  club  life. 


ITHIEL  BLAKE  NASON. 

During  an  active  life  Ithiel  Blake  Nason  was  closely  connected  with  develop- 
ment projects  in  British  Columbia— projects  which  led  to  the  utilization  of  the 
natural  resources  of  the  country  and  to  the  improvement  of  business  conditions. 
He  passed  away  in  May,  1903,  but  is  yet  remembered  by  many  who  were  ac- 
quainted with  him  while  he  was  still  an  active  factor  in  the  world's  work.  He 
was  born  in  Maine  in  April,  1840,  a  son  of  Edwin  and  Phebe  Nason. 
father  was  a  mill  owner,  having  mills  in  different  parts  of  Maine.  In  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  state  the  son  pursued  an  education  and  afterwards  began 
work  with  his  father,  receiving  his  initial  business  training  in  that  connection. 
In  1857  he  went  to  California,  where  he  engaged  in  milling  and  mining,  but 
during  the  gold  excitement  in  British  Columbia,  he  came  up  the  Fraser  river. 
After  a  year  spent  in  the  mining  camps  he  returned  to  California,  but  soon 
was  a^ain  induced  to  come  to  the  northwest,  Thedaus  Harper  persuading  Mr. 
Nason  to  take  charge  of  his  mill  at  Langley,  British  Columbia.  After  a  year 


768  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

passed  there  Mr.  Nason  went  to  the  Cariboo  and  made  his  way  to  Williams 
creek,  where  he  engaged  in  mining.  Subsequently  he  turned  his  attention  to 
the  lumber  business,  which  he  entered  in  partnership  with  a  Mr.  Meacham,  but 
later  he  purchased  his  partner's  interest  and  conducted  the  business  alone  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  May,  1903.  He  developed  an  enter- 
prise of  large  and  profitable  proportions  and  was  recognized  as  one  of  the  leading 
and  representative  business  men  of  his  locality. 

On  the  22d  of  April,  1875,  Mr.  Nason  was  united  in  marriage  to  iMiss  Mary 
Agnes  Watson,  a  daughter  of  Adam  and  Mary  Watson,  and  unto  this  union 
were  born  eight  children,  four  sons  and  four  daughters.  Mr.  Nason  was  a 
member  of  the  Episcopal  church  and  he  gave  his  political  support  to  the  con- 
servative party.  He  was  a  member  of  parliament  for  Cariboo  through  two  ses- 
sions and  he  was  ever  interested  in  questions  of  vital  importance  to  the  province, 
giving  his  support  to  many  movements  which  he  deemed  beneficial  to  the  dis- 
trict. He  was  fond  of  hunting  and  was  an  expert  pistol  shot.  He  had  ample 
opportunity  to  indulge  his  love  of  hunting  during  his  days  in  mining  and  lumber 
camps.  He  lived  in  the  Cariboo  from  1876  until  1893  and  then  returned  to  the 
city,  being  a  resident  of  Barkerville  at  the  time  of  his  demise,  although  his 
death  occurred  at  Victoria  as  he  was  a  member  of  parliament  at  the  time. 


FRANK  TRIMBLE. 

Prominent  among  the  real-estate  dealers  of  Vancouver  is  Frank  Trimble, 
who  has  also  to  his  credit  a  distinguished  public  career  and  who  has  ever  brought 
to  the  general  welfare  as  much  interest  as  he  has  exhibited  in  obtaining  personal 
prosperity.  A  native  of  Cumberland,  England,  he  was  born  in  Tallentire  on 
September  24,  1878,  and  is  a  son  of  Edward  and  Mary  (Jackson)  Trimble,  both 
natives  of  that  shire.  The  father  was  a  farmer  and  the  family  lived  there  until 
1888,  when  in  the  spring  of  that  year  they  came  to  Vancouver.  Soon  afterward 
Edward  Trimble  engaged  in  the  retail  meat  business,  continuing  along  that  line  for 
seventeen  years  with  ever  increasing  success,  at  the  end  of  which  period  he  was 
enabled  to  retire  in  the  enjoyment  of  a  comfortable  competence.  In  the  summer  of 
1910  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Trimble  returned  to  England,  for  four  months,  where  they 
renewed  associations  of  former  years  and  visited  their  home  and  other  places 
of  interest  and  returned  again  in  1913. 

Frank  Trimble  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Vancouver.  Having 
completed  his  course,  he  assisted  his  father  in  the  meat  business,  continuing 
with  him  for  some  time.  He  was  for  several  years  the  manager  and,  after  sell- 
ing out  in  1906,  continued  in  the  same  position  for  the  new  owners  for  four 
years.  On  December  i,  1909,  he  established  himself  in  the  real-estate  business 
with  offices  at  No.  2505  Westminster  road,  where  he  is  still  located.  He  began 
his  real-estate  career  under  the  firm  name  of  Trimble  &  Norris,  but  some  time 
later  he  took  over  Mr.  Norris'  interest  and  is  now  in  business  alone.  He  has 
a  comprehensive  knowledge  of  local  conditions  and  the  real-estate  market  and, 
as  he  ever  follows  the  fairest  methods,  has  built  up  an  important  and  representa- 
tive clientage.  He  has  handled  a  number  of  profitable  deals  and  has  made  for 
himself  a  reputation  which  entitles  him  to  the  full  confidence  of  the  public. 

At  St.  James  church,  in  Vancouver,  on  April  13,  1901,  Mr.  Trimble  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Gertrude  Hartshorn  Evrall,  a  daughter  of  T.  P. 
Evrall.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Evrall  were  natives  of  England  and  came  to  British 
Columbia  in  the  late  '8os,  numbering  among  the  early  pioneers  of  Chilliwack. 
Four  children  have  been  born  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Trimble,  Stanley  Frank,  Edward 
Thomas,  Dorothy  Gertrude  and  John  Evrall. 

In  his  political  associations  Mr.  Trimble  is  a  conservative  and  has  in  recent 
years  taken  an  active  part  in  public  life.  In  1911  he  was  elected  to  represent  ward 
8  in  the  city  council,  being  the  first  alderman  elected  for  that  ward.  He  has 


FRANK  TRIMBLE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  771 

served  continuously  ever  since,  being  reelected  in  1912  and  in  1913.  This  ward, 
which  was  only  taken  into  the  city  in  1911,  had  practically  no  city  improvements 
but  has  now  all  of  them,  their  installation  being  due  entirely  to  the  vigorous  efforts 
of  Mr.  Trimble.  He  is  also  ex-president  of  the  Rate  Payers'  Association  and 
is  chairman  of  the  market  and  industries  committee  and  as  such  takes  a  keen 
interest  in  making  the  city  market  what  it  should  be.  He  also  is  a  member  of 
the  finance  committee  of  the  board  of  public  works.  In  all  these  connections 
Mr.  Trimble  exhibits  not  only  a  ready  understanding  for  the  needs  of  the  public 
but  a  rare  tact,  and  has  often  been  able  to  obtain  the  passage  of  favorable  meas- 
ures by  the  strength  of  his  personality  and  the  convincing  manner  in  which  he 
voiced  his  opinion.  In  earlier  days  Mr.  Trimble  found  much  recreation  in  play- 
ing lacrosse,  being  a  member  of  Mount  Pleasant's  first  team.  His  military  record 
comprises  three  years  as  a  private  in  Company  5  of  the  British  Columbia  Battalion 
of  Garrison  Artillery.  Fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of 
Foresters,  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows. 
In  the  latter  he  served  for  three  years  as  treasurer  and  for  three  years  as  secre- 
tary of  his  local  lodge  and  on  three  occasions  represented  Mount  Pleasant  Lodge, 
No.  19,  at  conventions  of  the  grand  lodge.  His  faith  is  that  of  the  Church  of 
England  and  his  membership  with  St.  Michael's  church.  His  progressiveness 
finds  a  fruitful  field  in  setting  forth  his  views  for  the  betterment  of  conditions 
and  the  expansion  of  the  city  in  the  Progress  and  Commercial  Clubs,  of  both 
of  which  organizations  he  is  a  member.  He  is  a  loyal  son  of  Vancouver,  always 
interested  in  her  progress  and  welfare  and  ready  to  give  his  best  efforts  to 
her  growth,  doing  as  much  as  anyone  to  make  the  city  what  he  hopes  it  will 
be  one  day — the  queen  of  the  Pacific. 


ALEXANDER   MACDONALD. 

One  ot  the  pioneer  residents  of  Central  Park,  highly  respected  and  esteemed 
by  all,  is  Alexander  Macdonald,  who  there  makes  his  home,  living  in  honorable 
retirement.  He  was  born  in  Tiree,  Scotland,  on  October  18,  1855,  a  son  °f 
John  and  Christina  Macdonald.  He  attended  a  private  school  in  Glasgow,  Scot- 
land, and  then  worked  on  his  father's  farm  until  he  had  reached  his  twenty- 
fifth  year,  when  he  left  home.  Seeking  the  opportunities  which  Canada  held 
out  to  young  men  who  were  willing  to  make  the  effort,  he  in  1880  came  to  Ontario, 
whence  he  afterward  removed  to  Winnipeg  and  then  to  California.  From  that 
state  he  came  in  1887  to  British  Columbia,  locating  in  Vancouver.  About  ten 
years  later  Mr.  Macdonald  settled  in  Central  Park  at  a  time  when  nothing  but 
pines  and  brush  greeted  the  eye.  However,  he  foresaw  the  great  possibilities 
the  site  seemed  to  hold  for  the  future  and  showed  his  good  judgment  in  select- 
ing a  piece  of  land — a  small  government  holding  on  which  his  house  now  stands. 
It  is  one  of  the  choicest  locations  in  Central  Park,  and  that  it  is  so  considered 
by  others  is  evident  from  the  fact  that  Mr.  Macdonald's  property  in  rate  of 
assessment  heads  the  list  of  taxpayers  in  that  vicinity.  Across  the  street  from 
the  property  is  Central  Park  proper — a  recreation  park  and  one  of  the  beauty 
spots  of  the  section. 

On  October  8,  1887,  Mr.  Macdonald  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary 
Orr,  a  daughter  of  Allen  and  Margaret  Orr,  natives  of  Ireland,  who  emigrated 
to  Toronto,  Canada,  where  the  father  passed  away  and  the  mother  is  still  liv- 
ing. The  grandfather  of  Mrs.  Macdonald,  James  Orr,  was  for  nineteen  years 
employed  as  carpenter  on  the  estate  of  the  Hon.  Edward  Lucas  in  Ireland.  Mrs. 
Macdonald  was  a  trained  nurse,  having  received  her  training  in  the  Toronto 
General  Hospital,  and  she  also  held  the  position  of  head  night  nurse  in  the 
Winnipeg  General  Hospital  at  the  close  of  the  Riel  rebellion,  when  its  capacity 
was  filled  to  the  utmost.  In  the  family  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Macdonald  are  four 


772  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

sons  and  one  daughter  living :  Allen,  Ian  Christian,  Alexander  Graham,  Margery 
Kathleen  and  Maxwell.     Another  son,  Hector  Hughes,  has  passed  away. 

Politically  Mr.  Macdonald  is  independent,  following  his  own  judgment  in 
indorsing  candidates.  Religiously  he  and  his  family  are  adherents  of  the 
Presbyterian  church.  For  seven  and  a  half  years,  while  a  resident  of  Van- 
couver, Mr.  Macdonald  filled  the  position  of  caretaker  of  the  cemeteries,  dis- 
charging his  duties  in  a  faithful  and  satisfactory  manner.  He  enjoys  in  large 
measure  the  respect  and  esteem  of  his  fellow  citizens  in  Central  Park,  whose 
regard  he  has  won  on  account  of  his  long  record  of  honest  labor,  which  has 
placed  him  now  in  a  position  to  enjoy  life  in  retirement  in  one  of  the  most 
beautiful  homes  in  Central  Park. 


WILLIAM  SLOAN. 

One  of  the  interesting  personalities  of  British  Columbia  and  a  man  of  marked 
and  forceful  individuality,  is  William  Sloan  an  ex-member  of  the  Dominion 
parliament  for  Comox-Atlin  and  one  of  the  leaders  of  the  liberal  party  in 
British  Columbia.  He  was  born  at  Wingham,  Ontario,  on  the  loth  of  Septem- 
ber, 1867,  and  is  a  son  of  Dr.  R.  J.  and  Elizabeth  (MoMichael)  Sloan,  both 
of  Scotch  descent. 

The  early  life  of  William  Sloan  was  passed  in  his  native  province,  his  educa- 
tion being  acquired  in  the  public  schools  and  collegiate  institute  at  Seaforth, 
Ontario.  Upon  terminating  his  student  days  he  went  to  Shanghai,  China,  to 
join  his  father,  who  had  been  a  resident  there  for  some  years  previous  and 
who  was  at  the  time  one  of  the  port  physicians  of  that  city.  In  1887  he  returned 
to  Canada  settling  in  British  Columbia,  where  he  has  since  made  his  home, 
having  resided  at  various  times  in  Victoria,  Vancouver  and  Nanaimo,  his  pres- 
ent abode.  He  has  many  interesting  recollections  of  the  years,  1887,  1888  and 
1889  which  were  spent  in  Vancouver,  and  he  has  watched  with  pride  that  city 
stretching  out  to  eventually  become,  in  his  opinion,  the  premier  city  of  the  Domin- 
ion. In  1890  Mr.  Sloan  engaged  in  mercantile  business  at  Nanaimo  under  the 
firm  name  of  Sloan  &  Scott,  which  partnership  was  maintained  for  five  years. 

Favored  with  a  robust  constitution  and  imbued  with  a  spirit  for  adventure, 
he  with  three  associates  started  in  January,  1896,  for  the  Yukon,  having  been 
attracted  by  the  vast  and  then  comparatively  unknown  wilderness  of  the  last 
great  west.  The  usual  hardships  and  privations  were  encountered,  and  over- 
come, and  after  a  fruitless  summer  spent  prospecting  on  the  head  waters  of  the 
Stewart  river,  the  party  then  decided  to  try  their  fortunes  on  the  lower  Yukon 
and  were  luckily  among  the  first  to  secure  claims  in  the  now  famous  Klondyke 
region,  Mr.  Sloan  staking  No.  15  on  Eldorado  creek,  which  was  one  of  the 
banner  claims.  Mr.  Sloan  and  his  partners  set  to  work  early  and  have  the 
distinction  of  getting  the  first  shaft  to  bed  rock  on  Eldorado  creek  and  striking 
"pay,"  rich  beyond  their  wildest  flight  of  imagination.  After  mining  two  seasons 
he  disposed  of  his  interests  and  returned  to  Nanaimo  where  he  has  erected  a 
beautiful  home  (Eldo  Villa)  admidst  spacious  grounds.  When  he  can  be  induced 
to  stalk  of  his  Yukon  experiences  in  the  days  prior  to  the  rush  of  1898  you 
fully  realize  what  he  means  by  the  expression  that  "the  North  has  been  good 
and  kind  to  him." 

Two  years  later  in  the  general  election  of  1900  he  entered  public  life  as  a 
candidate  for  parliament  on  the  liberal  ticket  for  Vancouver  island,  but  was 
defeated.  In  the  elections  of  1904  he  was  a  candidate  for  the  district  of  Comox- 
Atlin  and  was  elected  by  acclamation.  In  the  election  of  1908  he  was  again 
a  candidate  for  Comox-Atlin  and  again  elected  by  acclamation,  a  splendid  trib- 
ute to  his  untiring  zeal  for  his  district.  In  the  elections  of  1908  Hon.  William 
Templeman,  Minister  of  mines  and  Inland  Revenue  in  the  Laurier  adminis- 
tration, was  defeated  by  a  narrow  margin  in  the  city  of  Victoria.  Mr.  Sloan  at 


WILLIAM  SLOAN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  775 

the  request  of  Sir  Wilfred  Laurier,  who  was  desirous  of  retaining  the  service 
of  the  Hon.  Mr.  Templeman  as  a  member  of  his  cabinet  resigned  his  seat  in 
January,  1909  and  in  the  resultant  by-election  Mr.  Templeman  was  elected.  In 
the  elections  of  1911  owing  to  repeated  and  urgent  effort  of  many  of  the  influen- 
tial members  of  his  party  to  again  enter  the  field,  he  issued  the  most  emphatic 
statement  that  he  had  no  desire  to  continue  in  public  life  and  positively  was  not 
a  candidate  for  reelection.  As  member  of  Comox-Atlin,  a  district  embracing 
the  major  portion  of  the  coast  line  of  British  Columbia,  he  was  successful  in 
securing  much  needed  aids  to  navigation,  including  hydrographic  surveys;  exten- 
sion and  improvement  of  the  postal  and  telegraphic  service;  more  consideration 
for  the  salmon  fisheries,  and  many  other  matters  equally  important  in  the  public 
interest.  He  received  many  congratulations  from  political  friends  and  foes  on 
a  speech  dealing  with  the  value  of  the  deep-sea  fisheries  of  the  coast  of  British 
Columbia  and  their  contrary  invasion  to  treaty  rights  and  depletion  by  the 
United  States  fishermen.  This  speech  was  publicly  commented  upon  by  the  then 
secretary  of  state  for  the  United  States,  Hon.  Elihu  Root.  Mr.  Sloan's  com- 
ments on  the  Oriental  question  were  made  the  subject  of  editorial  reference  by 
the  London  (England)  daily  papers,  his  attitude  being  that  "Canada  should 
control  her  immigration  from  within  and  not  be  dictated  to  from  without."  He 
also  delivered  an  extensive  resume  on  the  fur  seal  industry  and  pointed  out  that 
a  close  season  for  a  term  of  years  was  necessary  to  save  the  fur  seals  from 
extinction,  urging,  that  Canada  receive  a  bounty  on  seals  taken  at  the  rookeries, 
and  the  compensation  of  the  Canadian  Pelagic  sealers,  a  policy  which  is  now 
being  recognized  by  the  nations  interested. 

Mr.  Sloan  was  married  in  1891,  to  Miss  Flora  McGregor  Glaholm  and  to 
them  has  been  born  one  son,  Gordon  McGregor,  who  is  at  present  a  student  at 
Langara,  Vancouver.  Mrs.  Sloan  is  truly  a  native  daughter,  having  been  born 
in  Nanaimo,  her  mother  claiming  the  distinction  of  being  the  first  white  girl 
born  in  that  city.  Mrs.  Sloan's  grandparents  (the  late  John  McGregor  and 
wife)  came  from  Scotland  to  British  Columbia  in  the  chartered  sailing  vessel, 
Harpooner,  landing  at  Victoria  in  June,  1849,  during  the  regime  of  the  Hudson's 
Bay  Company  and  were  members  of  a  small  party  of  miners  from  Scotland 
under  agreement  with  that  company  to  develop  the  coal  prospects  at  Fort  Rupert 
and  other  points. 

.Mr.  Sloan  is  an  ex-president  of  the  Nanaimo  Caledonian  Society  and  is 
prominently  identified  with  Masonic  circles,  having  been  initiated  in  Cascade 
Lodge,  Vancouver,  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  by  past  grand  master  William 
Downie.  He  was  for  some  years  liberal  organizer  for  Vancouver  island  and 
treasurer  for  the  British  Columbia  Liberal  Association  but  resigned  these  offices 
on  his  election  for  Comox-Atlin.  Mr.  Sloan  finds  his  chief  recreation  in  fishing 
and  hunting,  in  both  of  which  he  excels  and  has  traveled  extensively  in  the  wilds 
of  Canada  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific  in  pursuit  of  these  pastimes,  and  his 
home  in  Nanaimo  contains  many  interesting  trophies  of  his  hunting  experiences. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Rideau  Club  of  Ottawa,  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria  and 
the  Terminal  City  Club  of  Vancouver.  For  a  still  comparatively  young  man 
his  has  been  a  most  interesting  and  varied  career  as  it  has  embraced  the  many 
experiences  of  the  pioneer,  prospector,  politician,  and  has  resulted  in  the  devel- 
opment of  a  character  and  personality  unusually  interesting. 


GEORGE    JAMES    TELFER. 

The  distinctive  office  of  biography  is  not  to  give  voice  to  a  man's  modest 
estimate  of  himself  and  what  he  has  accomplished,  but  rather  to  ascertain  his 
position  by  the  concensus  of  public  opinion  on  the  part  of  his  fellow  men. 
Judged  by  this  standard,  George  James  Telfer  is  one  of  the  honored  and  rep- 
resentative residents  of  Vancouver,  his  career  exciting  the  admiration  and 


776  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

respect  of  colleagues  and  contemporaries,  for  he  has  long  figured  as  one  of 
the  leading  factors  in  financial  circles  in  Vancouver. 

A  native  of  Gait,  Ontario,  Mr.  Telfer  was  born  March  n,  1872,  a  son  of 
Thomas  and  Helen  (Tait)  Telfer.  The  family  is  of  Scotch  origin  and  was 
founded  in  Canada  by  the  grandfather,  who  came  from  Ettrick,  Brig  End, 
Selkirk,  Scotland,  in  1806,  settling  in  Ontario,  south  of  Gait.  He  was  one  of 
the  first  ten  residents  of  that  section  of  North  Dumfries,  Ontario.  In  con- 
nection with  Andrew  Slade  he  founded  the  town  of  Gait  and  throughout  the 
remainder  of  his  life  engaged  in  farming  in  that  locality.  Thomas  Telfer, 
reared  upon  his  father's  farm,  also  followed  general  agricultural  pursuits  through- 
out his  active  business  life,  but  is  now  living  retired  in  Gait. 

George  J.  Telfer  pursued  his  education  in  the  Gait  Collegiate  Institute  at 
Gait,  Ontario,  and  in  1893,  entered  the  employ  of  a  firm  of  loan  and  financial 
brokers  at  Toronto,  thus  making  his  initial  step  in  the  business  to  which  he  has 
since  given  his  efforts  and  in  which  he  has  been  notably  successful.  Starting 
in  a  minor  position  with  that  firm  he  has  worked  his  way  up  through  the 
various  grades  and  departments,  thus  becoming  familiar  with  all  branches  of 
the  business.  That  he  was  a  trusted,  capable  and  efficient  employe  is  indicated 
in  the  fact  that  he  remained  with  the  firm  until  March,  1898,  when  he  came  to 
British  Columbia,  settling  at  Vancouver,  and  in  association  with  Thomas  T. 
Langlois  founded  the  British  Columbia  Permanent  Loan  Company,  at  Van- 
couver, of  which  he  became  a  director  and  the  secretary-treasurer.  As  the 
business  grew  he  relinquished  the  duties  of  secretary  and  acted  as  treasurer  for 
a  time,  but  later  became  assistant  manager  and  eventually  manager,  continuing 
as  such  until  February,  1911,  when  he  resigned  his  active  duties  as  manager,  but 
continued  his  association  with  the  company  as  vice  president  and  director.  The 
British  Columbia  Permanent  Loan  Company,  now  operating  under  special  char- 
ter granted  in  1909,  has  had  a  phenomenal  growth  since  its  organization  in  1898. 
Its  fifteenth  annual  report,  under  date  of  December  31,  1912,  shows  a  wonderful 
yearly  increase  since  the  3ist  of  December,  1900,  on  which  date  it  had  a  surplus 
of  two  thousand,  six  hundred  and  ninety-one  dollars  and  seventy-five  cents  and 
assets  of  two  hundred  and  thirty  thousand,  two  hundred  and  seventy-nine  dollars 
and  eleven  cents,  while  on  December  31,  1912,  its  surplus  was  six  hundred  twenty- 
nine  thousand,  nine  hundred  thirty-seven  dollars  and  eighty-one  cents,  including  the 
reserve  fund  of  six  hundred  thousand  dollars,  and  assets  of  four  million,  one  hun- 
dred forty-one  thousand,  two  hundred  fifty-nine  dollars.  For  the  fiscal  year  ending 
on  that  date  it  showed  a  paid  up  capital  of  one  million  dollars,  and  assets  as  above, 
an  increase  of  five  hundred  eighty-seven  thousand,  eight  hundred  twenty-nine  dol- 
lars and  fifty-eight  cents  in  assets  over  the  preceding  year  and  earnings  of  three 
hundred  fifteen  thousand,  five  hundred  sixty-four  dollars  and  eighty-four  cents, 
an  increase  over  1911  of  forty-five  thousand,  one  hundred  seventy-two  dollars 
and  sixty-one  cents,  and  profits  of  one  hundred  forty-eight  thousand,  nine 
hundred  fourteen  dollars  and  nineteen  cents.  Their  first  mortgage  loans  stand- 
ing on  the  books  amounted  to  three  million,  five  hundred  sixty-eight  thousand, 
two  hundred  dollars,  secured  by  property  with  appraised  value  of  nine  million, 
five  hundred  sixty  thousand,  five  hundred  twenty  dollars,  showing  a  safe  and 
sound  management.  The  company  maintains  a  number  of  branch  offices  in 
western  Canada. 

Mr.  Telfer  was  also  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Pacific  Coast  Fire  Insur- 
ance Company  of  Vancouver,  which  was  established  in  1890,  to  take  over  the 
business  and  risks  of  a  company  already  in  active  business.  On  its  organization 
he  became  a  director  and  treasurer  and  continues  in  that  capacity  to  the  present 
date.  The  twenty-third  annual  report  of  this  company,  under  date  of  January 
I,  1913,  shows  assets  of  one  million,  two  hundred  seventy-three  thousand,  four 
hundred  seventy-three  dollars  and  thirty-two  cents,  with  a  subscribed  capital 
stock  of  eight  hundred  thirty-one  thousand,  six  hundred  dollars,  of  which  five 
hundred  forty-eight  thousand,  two  hundred  twenty-nine  dollars  and  ninety-nine 
cents  has  been  paid  in,  with  two  hundred  fifty-nine  thousand,  six  hundred  eight 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  777 

dollars  and  forty-four  cents  accruing  in  installments,  while  its  total  security 
to  policy-holders  is  one  million,  one  hundred  sixty-six  thousand,  four  hundred 
thirty-eight  dollars  and  twenty-five  cents,  consisting  of  a  surplus  of  two  hun- 
dred sixteen  thousand,  nine  hundred  forty-five  dollars  and  ninety-nine  cents; 
subscribed  capital,  eight  hundred  thirty-one  thousand,  six  hundred  dollars; 
reserve  on  unearned  premiums,  sixty-seven  thousand,  eight  hundred  ninety- 
two  dollars  and  twenty-six  cents;  and  conflagration  reserve  of  fifty  thousand 
dollars.  The  company  does  a  big  business,  having  agents  and  general  agents  in 
all  parts  of  the  Dominion.  They  follow  careful,  conservative  methods,  declining 
to  plunge  or  take  unsafe  risks,  yet  making  continuous  progress.  The  company 
pays  all  loss  claims  in  cash  immediately  upon  satisfactory  adjustment,  thus  waiv- 
ing the  thirty-day  grace  clause  of  the  usual  standard  policy,  while  its  reputation 
for  stability  and  integrity  is  its  chief  recommendation. 

In  1907  Mr.  Telfer  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  National  Finance  Com- 
pany, Ltd.,  of  Vancouver,  with  a  capital  stock  of  one  million  dollars.  This  was 
incorporated  in  1907  under  the  "Companies  Act,"  with  full  trust  company 
powers,  Mr.  Telfer  becoming  first  vice  president  and  so  continuing  until  Feb- 
ruary, 1911,  when  he  assumed  active  management  of  that  company  and  con- 
tinues to  date  as  managing  director  and  first  vice  president.  The  sixth  annual 
report  of  this  company  shows  a  subscribed  capital  of  one  million,  two  hundred 
forty-seven  thousand,  nine  hundred  dollars,  of  which  seven  hundred  forty-one 
thousand,  six  hundred  twenty-nine  dollars  and  five  cents  is  paid  up,  the  author- 
ized capital  having  been  increased  from  the  original  one  million  to  two  million 
in  September,  1912.  During  the  year  1912  the  assets  were  increased  from 
two  million,  four  hundred  eighty-four  thousand,  eighty-one  dollars,  fifty-one 
cents  to  two  million,  six  hundred  sixty-two  thousand,  eight  hundred  eighty-seven 
dollars  and  ten  cents ;  the  trust  assets  increased  from  one  million,  three  hundred 
eighty-nine  thousand,  seven  hundred  ninety-seven  dollars  and  sixty-six  cents 
to  one  million,  seven  hundred  eighty-nine  thousand,  two  hundred  twenty-two 
dollars  and  twenty-eight  cents ;  the  paid  up  capital  from  five  hundred  forty-one 
thousand,  three  hundred  ninety-five  dollars  to  seven  hundred  forty-one  thou- 
sand, six  hundred  twenty-nine  dollars  and  five  cents ;  and  the  reserve  from  two 
hundred  fifty  thousand  to  three  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars,  while 
the  paid  up  capital  and  assets  on  that  date  were  seven  hundred  forty-one 
thousand,  six  hundred  twenty-nine  dollars  and  four  million,  four  hundred  fifty- 
two  thousand,  one  hundred  nine  dollars  and  thirty-eight  cents  respectively,  as 
compared  to  one  hundred  seventeen  thousand,  two  hundred  dollars  and  one 
hundred  thirty-six  thousand,  nine  hundred  sixty-three  dollars  and  fifty  cents  on 
December  31,  1907.  The  company  is  operating  on  very  conservative  investment 
and  trust  lines.  Out  of  a  special  profit  placed  in  the  contingent  account  the  direc- 
tors have  written  off  the  cash  premiums  paid  on  stock  investments,  all  doubtful 
assets,  made  ample  provision  for  any  possible  depreciation  on  municipal  bonds,  and 
have  carried  one  hundred  seventeen  thousand,  eight  hundred  thirty-three  dollars 
and  sixteen  cents  to  the  reserve  fund  and  sixty-nine  thousand,  six  hundred  ninety- 
six  dollars  and  ninety-eight  cents  to  the  contingent  reserve  fund,  while  all  of  the 
company's  assets  have  been  converted  into  conservative  revenue  ^producing 
investments.  The  company  does  a  big  business  in  both  its  capital  and  trust  depart- 
ments and  makes  a  specialty  of  offering  guaranteed  mortgages  and  guaranteed 
debentures  to  cautious  investors.  They  maintain  branch  offices  at  Toronto  and 
Ottawa,  Ontario;  St.  Johns  and  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia;  Winnipeg,  Manitoba; 
Calgary,  Alberta;  and  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia. 

Mr.  Telfer  is  also  a  director  of  the  Prudential  Investment  Company,  Ltd., 
and  North  American  Securities  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver,  and  also  has 
investments  in  a  number  of  commercial  enterprises  in  British  Columbia.  Through 
the  various  companies  with  which  he  is  associated  and  through  his  personal 
operations  in  business  fields,  Mr.  Telfer  has  become  a  most  prominent  factor 
in  the  growth  and  development  of  British  Columbia.  A  spirit  of  enterprise  has 
carried  him  far  beyond  the  great  majority  of  his  fellowmen.  He  has  never 


778  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

feared  to  venture  where  favoring  opportunity  has  led  the  way,  and  his  even-* 
paced  energy  has  carried  him  into  important  relations.  He  has  displayed 
notable  ability  in  coordinating  seemingly  diverse  interests  and  with  almost  intui- 
tive perception  he  distinguishes  between  the  essential  and  the  non-essential, 
and  in  consequence  so  directs  his  efforts  that  splendid  results  are  attained.  He 
has  been  active  in  all  matters  of  public  welfare,  is  keenly  interested  in  the  com- 
mercial advancement  and  material  upbuilding  of  Vancouver,  and  for  the  past 
three  years  has  been  a  member  of  the  council  of  the  Vancouver  Board  of  Trade. 

.On  the  nth  of  October,  1900,  Mr.  Telfer  was  united  in  marriage,  in  Van- 
couver, to  Miss  Lizzie  L.  Clark,  a  daughter  of  R.  B.  Clark,  M.  D.,  of  Belleville. 
She  is  a  graduate  of  Whitby  College,  the  famous  girls'  school,  and  is  now  very 
active  in  social  and  club  circles  of  Vancouver,  holding  membership  with  the 
King's  Daughters,  Daughters  of  the  Empire  and  Woman's  Canadian  Club.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Telfer  have  one  child,  Luella. 

The  family  attend  St.  Andrew's  Presbyterian  church,  in  which  the  parents 
hold  membership.  Mr.  Telfer  is  a  conservative  in  politics,  but  so  extensive 
and  important  have  been  his  growing  business  and  financial  interests  that  he 
has  taken  no  active  part  in  politics  aside  from  the  exercise  of  his  right  of  fran- 
chise and  the  support  and  prestige  which  his  name  gives  to  any  measure  which 
he  deems  of  vital  worth  to  the  community.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Canadian 
Order  of  Foresters  and  of  the  Terminal  City  and  Canadian  Clubs  of  Vancouver. 
Starting  out  in  life  without  any  vaulting  ambition  to  become  especially  great  or 
famous,  he  has  nevertheless  followed  the  lead  of  his  opportunities  and  as  the 
years  have  gone  by  has  climbed  steadily  and  persistently  to  the  high  plane  on 
which  he  now  stands  as  one  of  the  leading  representatives  of  financial  interests 
in  the  province 


STANLEY  PAUL  DUNLEVY. 

Stanley  Paul  Dunlevy,  capitalist  of  Vancouver  whose  business  connections 
have  been  of  large  importance  to  the  city,  has  not  only  instituted  new  interests 
but  has  also  carried  forward  business  undertakings  established  by  his  father  and 
in  so  doing  has  adapted  them  to  present-day  conditions.  He  is  a  zealous  man, 
possessed  of  the  undaunted  spirit  of  determination  and  enterprise  characteristic 
of  this  section  of  the  country.  He  was  born  in  Victoria,  February  8,  1885,  a  son 
of  Peter  Curran  and  Jane  Elizabeth  (Huston)  Dunlevy,.  who  were  numbered 
among  the  earliest  of  Cariboo  pioneers. 

After  mastering  the  branches  of  learning  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  Vic- 
toria, Stanley  Paul  Dunlevy  continued  his  education  in  Gonzaza  College  at  Spo- 
kane and  later  established  a  general  store  at  Hazelton,  British  Columbia,  where 
he  remained  in  business  for  two  years.  He  then  sold  out  and  engaged  in  the 
timber  and  mining  business,  in  which  he  is  still  active.  He  was  also  associated 
with  his  father  in  his  mining  and  trading  interests  until  the  latter's  death.  During 
recent  years  Stanley  Paul  Dunlevy  has  invested  heavily  in  lands  in  the  Peace 
River  country,  which  now  are  rapidly  being  developed  and  colonized.  He  is  also 
the  president  of  the  Horsefly  River  Gold  Dredge  and  Mining  Company,  which 
operates  in  the  Horsefly  district  of  the  Cariboo.  The  Horsefly  mines  have  been 
operating  for  twenty  years  and  in  1912  the  company  in  charge  was  reorganized 
with  Mr.  Dunlevy  as  the  president  and  Robert  T.  Ward,  as  general  manager. 
Mr.  Dunlevy  is  likewise  engaged  in  the  shipping  business,  being  secretary  of  the 
Marine  Transportation  Company,  of  Vancouver,  which  owns  the  steamer  Rupert 
City,  a  tramp  freighter  plying  between  Vancouver,  San  Francisco  and  Australia. 
Mr.  Dunlevy  has  invested  largely  in  stocks  and  bonds  and,  like  his  father,  his 
work  has  been  of  incalculable  benefit  in  various  ways  to  the  province  and  the 
districts  in  which  he  has  operated.  He  belongs  to  those  men  who  have  done" 
much  to  push  forward  the  wheels  of  progress  along  industrial  and  commercial 


STANLEY  P.  DUNLEVY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  781 

lines  and  who  have  ever  followed  constructive  measures,  never  building  their 
success  upon  another's  failure.  He  attacks  every  problem  with  a  contagious 
enthusiasm  and  in  his  business  affairs  there  is  a  splendid  balance  maintained 
between  conservatism  and  progressiveness. 

On  the  7th  of  September,  1909,  in  Seattle,  Washington,  Mr.  Dunlevy  was 
married  to  Miss  Bertha  Elsie  Joose,  of  Kansas  City,  Missouri.  They  hold  mem- 
bership in  the  Catholic  church  and  Mr.  Dunlevy  is  a  member  of  the  Progressive 
Club.  A  conservative  in  political  belief,  he  votes  with  the  party  but  is  not  an 
active  worker  in  its  ranks.  Many  activities  claim  his  time  and  attention  and  his 
labors  have  been  of  such  material  worth  to  the  province,  that  his  name  is  honored 
as  that  of  a  masterful  man  who  does  not  fear  to  venture  where  favoring  oppor- 
tunity leads  the  way. 


DANIEL    CLIFFORD    REID. 

Prominently  connected  with  various  business  and  corporate  concerns  m 
Victoria,  Daniel  Clifford  Reid  has  since  his  arrival  here,  in  1905,  been  a  great 
force  in  the  general  business  advancement  of  the  city  and  has  contributed  to  its 
resources  a  number  of  flourishing  and  profitable  enterprises.  Chief  among 
these  is  the  Island  Investment  Company,  Ltd.,  which  owes  its  foundation  to  his 
initiative  spirit,  and  its  continued  and  remarkable  growth  and  development  to 
his  administrative  ability  and  tireless  energy.  Mr.  Reid  was  born  in  Cumber- 
land county,  Nova  Scotia,  September  15,  1878,  the  only  son  of  William  and 
Priscilla  Jane  (Spicer)  Reid,  natives  of  Nova  Scotia,  where  the  father  engaged 
in  farming  until  his  death.  His  wife  survives  him  and  now  makes  her  home  in 
Advocate  Harbor,  Nova  Scotia.  Members  of  the  paternal  branch  of  this  family 
have  been  for  many  generations  natives  of  Nova  Scotia  and  have  engaged  prin- 
cipally in  shipbuilding,  lumbering  and  farming.  Mr.  Reid's  maternal  grand- 
parents were  also  natives  of  that  province  and  the  grandfather  was  a  prominent 
farmer  there. 

Daniel  Clifford  Reid  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
province  and  in  the  Ontario  Business  College  at  Belleville,  from  which  he  was 
graduated  in  1897.  Immediately  afterward  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Cana- 
dian Pacific  Railroad  Company  at  Montreal  and  was  afterward  transferred  to 
Winnipeg.  Later  he  became  associated  with  the  Canadian  Fire  Insurance  Com- 
pany in  the  latter  city  and  when  he  resigned  from  this  position  entered  the  service 
of  the  Canadian  Northern  Railway  Company  in  the  auditing  department.  He 
was  afterward  connected  with  the  Colonial  Investment  Company  of  Winnipeg 
as  accountant  and  cashier,  resigning  this  position  in  1905,  when  he  came  to, 
British  Columbia  as  stock  salesman  for  the  British  Columbia  Permanent  Loan 
Company  in  Victoria.  This  position  he  retained  until  1909,  when  he  organized 
the  Island  Investment  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  he  was  president  and  managing 
director  from  the  company's  inception  until  August,  1913,  when  he  resigned 
from  that  position.  His  energy  and  resourcefulness  made  that  company  one  of 
the  leading  business  concerns  in  the  city.  In  addition  to  his  identification  with  the 
Island  Investment  Company,  Ltd.,  Mr.  Reid  has  other  important  business  con- 
nections. He  organized  the  Canada  West  Trust  Company,  of  which  he  is  past 
president  and  managing  director. 

The  Island  Investment  company,  Ltd.,  is  incorporated  under  the  British 
Columbia  Companies  Act  with  an  authorized  capital  of  five  hundred  thousand 
dollars,  divided  into  ten  thousand  shares  of  fifty  dollars  each.  It  deals  in  first 
mortgages  and  places  its  clients'  funds  in  improved  city  properties  in  either 
Victoria  or  Vancouver.  No  loan  is  placed  for  more  than  fifty  per  cent  of  the 
appraised  value  and  all  loans  are  approved  by  the  board  of  directors.  Valuations 
are  made  by  experts  and  titles  are  searched  and  certified  by  solicitors.  It  also 
handles  real  property  on  a  commission  basis  at  the  current  rates.  Since  the 


782  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

foundation  of  the  concern  in  1909  the  Island  Investment  Company,  Ltd.,  has 
prospered  exceedingly.  Each  year  its  financial  statement  has  been  more  satis- 
factory than  that  of  the  year  preceding.  This  splendid  record  was  maintained 
in  1912,  the  last  annual  report  being  the  best,  from  a  financial  viewpoint,  in  the 
company's  history.  The  reduction  of  liabilities  by  two  hundred  thousand  dollars 
and  the  increase  of  the  subscribed  capital  by  one  hundred  and  ten  thousand, 
proves  both  the  increasing  volume  of  business  handled  and  the  continued  confi- 
dence of  the  investing  public. 

While  conservative  the  company  has  not  allowed  its  policy  to  become  timid. 
It  has  endeavored  to  keep  abreast  of  British  Columbia's  recent  rapid  development. 
The  opening  of  branches  at  Vancouver  and  London,  England,  the  world's  money 
market,  was  forced  by  the  advances  of  the  province  and  both  branches  have  amply 
justified  themselves  by  their  pronounced  success.  It  was  imperative  in  order  to 
conserve  properly  the  interests  of  its  shareholders  and  to  permit  them  to  enjoy  their 
full  share  of  the  general  prosperity,  to  keep  in  line  with  the  progress  of  Canada's 
great  western  country.  Consequently  the  company's  operations  were  extended. 
It  will  continue  to  "grow  up"  with  British  Columbia,  with  Vancouver  island,  as 
the  name  under  which  it  is  incorporated  implies,  as  its  chief  field  of  investment. 
Faith  in  the  future  of  this  section  of  the  province  led  the  organizers  to  launch  the 
enterprise  that  has  so  well  rewarded  its  supporters.  That  their  judgment  was 
sound  the  strides  made  in  the  last  few  years  prove  conclusively. 

In  1903,  in  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  Mr.  Reid  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Agnes  Gertrude  Dunn,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Elizabeth  Jane  (Dargie)  Dunn, 
natives  of  Nova  Scotia.  The  father  was  connected  with  the  police  department 
of  Winnipeg  until  his  death  in  1909.  His  wife  survives  him  and  makes  her  home 
in  Vancouver.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Reid  have  two  children :  Roma  Priscilla,  who  is  at- 
tending Oak  Bay  school ;  and  Melvin  Dunn,  a  student  in  the  same  institution. 
The  Reid  residence  is  called  Osceola  and  is  one  of  the  most  attractive  homes  in 
the  city. 

Mr.  Reid  is  an  enthusiastic  motorist  and  fisherman  and  is  fond  of  all  kinds  of 
outdoor  sports.  He  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  Loyal  Orange  lodge  and  is 
a  member  of  the  Automobile  Association  and  the  Canadian  Club.  From  1909  to 
1912  he  served  in  the  Fifth  Regiment,  Canadian  Garrison  Artillery,  as  a  commis- 
sioned officer  and  he  belongs  to  the  Junior  Army  and  Navy  Club  and  the  Pacific 
Club.  He  attends  the  Methodist  church.  He  supported  the  McBride  adminis- 
tration in  politics,  although  he  is  not  active  in  political  affairs.  He  is  interested 
in  the  progress  and  growth  of  Victoria,  as  is  indicated  by  his  membership  in 
the  Progressive  Club,  the  Highway  Improvement  Association,  and  the  Board  of 
Trade,  and  his  cooperation  is  always  readily  and  heartily  given  to  progressive 
•  public  projects.  He  is  known  as  a  man  of  insight,  experience  and  capacity  and 
he  has  accomplished  a  great  deal  of  vital  and  far-reaching  work,  contributing 
substantially  to  the  upbuilding  of  the  city. 


WILLIAM  C.  COATHAM. 

For  the  past  twenty-six  years  William  C.  Coatham  has  been  principal  of  the 
John  Robson  school,  formerly  known  as  the  Boys'  Central  school  of  New  West- 
minster, and  in  this  connection  has  given  the  benefit  of  his  broad  knowledge  and 
ability  to  his  chosen  field  of  labor,  winning  for  himself  recognition  as  one  of  the 
foremost  representatives  of  educational  interests  in  this  part  of  the  province. 

Mr.  Coatham  was  born  in  Durham  county,  Ontario,  and  acquired  his  early 
education  in  the  public  schools  of  Clarke  township,  later  attending  the  Bowman- 
ville  high  school.  After  his  graduation  from  that  institution  he  took  a  course 
in  the  Model  School  at  Port  Hope  and  finally  entered  the  Toronto  Normal  School, 
from  which  he  received  a  certificate  to  teach.  He  immediately  turned  his  at- 


WILLIAM  C.  COATHAM 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  785 

tention  to  this  line  of  work,  remaining  in  Ontario  for  three  years  and  a  half, 
and  at  the  end  of 'that  time  coming  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  has  since 
resided.  For  one  year  after  his  arrival  he  was  first  assistant  in  the  John  Robson 
school  and  in  August,  1887,  was  appointed  principal,  in  which  connection  he  has 
since  remained,  a  period  of  twenty-six  years.  Each  year  has  witnessed  the 
accomplishment  of  more  and  more  important  work,  for  Mr.  Coatham  has  held 
steadily  to  high  ideals  and  his  powers  have  constantly  developed.  He  has  intro- 
duced many  substantial  improvements  in  methods  of  study  and  also  in  the 
branches  taught  and,  his  labors  being  at  all  times  practical,  he  has  inspired  the 
teachers  under  his  charge  with  something  of  his  own  zeal  and  enthusiasm.  His 
interest  in  teaching  extends  beyond  the  field  of  public  education,  for  he  has  for 
many  years  been  an  ardent  Sunday  school  worker  and  a  teacher  in  the  Sunday 
school  connected  with  the  Central  Methodist  church.  After  five  years  as  gun- 
ner in  the  militia  he  took  the  course  for  cadet  instructors  and  also  the  instructors' 
course  in  the  school  of  musketry,  afterward  finding  the  knowledge  he  obtained 
useful  as  a  teacher.  He  has  made  himself  a  power  in  educational  circles  and 
the  position  which  he  holds  is  the  natural  result  of  his  ability,  enterprise  and 
broad  knowledge. 

Mr.  Coatham  is  married  and  he  and  his  family  make  their  home  at  No.  419 
Ninth  street.  He  is  at  present  secretary  of  the  Funeral  Aid  branch  of  the  Inde- 
pendent Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  is  secretary  of  Amity  Lodge,  being  also  well 
and  favorably  known  in  other  fraternal  organizations.  He  is  a  man  of  strong 
intellectual  powers  and  marked  force  of  character,  whose  natural  ability  makes 
him  a  leader  of  public  thought  and  opinion. 


FREDERICK  WILLIAM  McNEICE. 

Frederick  William  McNeice,  a  progressive  and  enterprising  young  business 
man  of  Port  Moody,  prominently  connected  with  real-estate  interests  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  firm  of  McNeice  Brothers,  was  born  at  sea  on  a  vessel  going  from 
South  America  to  England,  on  the  I4th  of  March,  1885,  and  *s  a  son  of  Jonn 
and  Mary  Ann  McNeice,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away. 

After  acquiring  a  public-school  education  Frederick  W.  McNeice  was  appren- 
ticed to  an  engineer  and  upon  the  expiration  of  his  term  turned  his  attention 
to  the  field  of  business.  Later  he  made  a  trip  to  Canada  and,  becoming  impressed 
with  the  opportunities  which  his  country  offered,  determined  to  make  a  permanent 
location  in  the  western  part  of  the  Dominion.  Accordingly,  the  following  year 
he  settled  here  and  for  one  year  thereafter  was  employed  as  a  traveling  salesman 
for  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  becoming  afterward  identified  with  mercantile 
interests  of  Port  Moody  as  a  clerk  in  the  Bennett  store.  After  a  short  time  he 
formed  a  partnership  with  his  brother  under  the  name  of  McNeice  Brothers  and 
they  turned  their  attention  to  the  real-estate  brokerage  business,  in  which  they 
have  since  continued.  From  the  beginning  they  met  with  gratifying  success  and 
their  patronage  has  increased  steadily  in  volume  and  importance,  as  is  evidenced 
by  the  fact  that  in  three  years  they  have  handled  business  aggregating  over  two 
million  dollars.  The  brothers  are  energetic,  far-sighted  and  resourceful  business 
men  and  have  worked  untiringly  in  the  development  of  their  enterprise,  which 
is  today  accounted  one  of  the  leading  real-estate  concerns  in  Port  .Moody. 

Frederick  W.  McNeice  married,  on  the  2Oth  of  October,  1910,  Miss  Elizabeth 
Maude  Hague,  a  daughter  of  Henry  and  Lidia  Hague,  residents  of  Cody's  island. 
Mr.  and  JVIrs.  McNeice  have  become  the  parents  of  a  daughter,  Gladys  Isabel. 

Mr.  McNeice  is  connected  fraternally  with  King  Solomon  Lodge,  A.  F.  & 
A.  M.,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England.  He  is  fond  of  all  kinds  of 
outdoor  sports,  spending  a  great  many  of  his  leisure  hours  in  the  open,  boating 
or  fishing.  He  is  eminently  public-spirited  and  progressive  in  matters  of  citizen- 
ship, giving  his  active  and  hearty  support  to  all  movements  for  the  advancement 

Vol.  111—27 


786  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  community  interests.  He  is  now  a  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen  and  in 
that  capacity  has  already  accomplished  a  great  deal  of  constructive  and  far-sighted 
work.  A  young  man  of  force,  experience  and  capacity,  he  is  respected  by  busi- 
ness men  and  popular  in  social  circles,  his  excellent  qualities  of  mind  and  char- 
acter having  gained  him  the  esteem  and  regard  of  all  who  are  associated  with 
him. 


JOHN  WORK  TOLMIE. 

Occupying  one  of  the  old  picturesque  homes  in  Victoria,  the  place  being  known 
as  Cloverdale,  is  John  Work  Tolmie,  a  representative  of  one  of  the  oldest  pioneer 
families  of  the  northwest.  He  was  born  at  Fort  Nisqually,  Washington,  in  March, 
1854,  a  son  of  Dr.  W.  F.  and  Jane  (Work)  Tolmie,  of  whom  extended  mention 
is  made  elsewhere  in  this  work.  Much  interest  has  been  felt  by  members  of 
the  family  in  tracing  back  the  origin  of  the  family  name,  which  appears  in  Egypt, 
Denmark,  north  of  Scotland,  and  there  is  also  a  Greek  word  "Tolme,"  signifying 
"I  dare."  In  Egypt  the  name  was  Ptolemy.  The  name  Alexander  Tolmie 
appears  and  reappears  in  the  different  branches  of  the  family,  but  in  old  Egypt 
and  Greece  it  was  written  Ptolemy  Alexander.  The  subject  of  this  review  was 
also  descended  from  the  Frasers  of  Lovat,  but  the  father  would  never  use  the 
Fraser  crest  and  motto.  The  Frasers  were  originally  a  French  family,  named 
Duberry,  from  Brittany.  They  crossed  the  channel  about  800  A.  D.  and  at 
the  battle  of  Bannockburn  one  of  the  Frasers  supplied  Robert  Bruce  with  three 
successive  mounts  when  the  horse  he  was  riding  was  killed.  It  was  this  that  won 
the  family  the  three  crowns  upon  their  arms. 

Dr.  W.  F.  Tolmie  was  one  of  the  most  picturesque  figures  in  the  history  of 
the  northwest.  He  was  a  graduate  of  Glasgow  University  ere  he  had  attained  his 
majority  and  later  he  joined  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  as  one  of  its  surgeons. 
He  was  stationed  at  Fort  Nisqually,  Washington,  and  later  brought  his  family 
to  Camosun,  Victoria.  Dr.  Tolmie  was  probably  the  first  white  man  to  know  that 
coal  was  to  be  found  on  Vancouver  island.  The  Indians  told  him  that  some  stone 
that  would  burn  was  near  Fort  Rupert  and  Dr.  Tolmie  brought  the  fact  to  the 
notice  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company.  The  maternal  grandfather  of  our  sub- 
ject was  John  Work,  who  traveled  across  the  Rockies  and  came  to  Vancouver 
island  in  1817.  He  became  chief  factor  for  the  Hudson's  Bay  company  and  his 
grave  is  one  of  the  few  left  unmolested  near  the  present  cathedral.  Dr.  Tolmie 
turned  his  attention  to  farming  and  was  the  first  person  to  introduce  thorough- 
bred stock  on  the  island,  keeping  Durham  cattle,  Berkshire  pigs  and  Leicester 
sheep,  which  were  bred  on  the  Cloverdale  farm,  which  was  then  quite  a  distance 
from  Victoria.  The  city,  however,  has  been  extended  until  the  one  time  farm 
is  now  a  suburban  property. 

It  was  in  1859  that  John  Work  Tolmie  was  brought  to  Victoria  by  his  parents. 
His  education  was  acquired  in  the  collegiate  school  and  under  private  tutors  at 
Cloverdale  and  also  under  the  Rev.  Percival  Jenns.  He  has  always  remained 
upon  the  old  homestead,  Cloverdale,  living  here  for  fifty-three  years  and  for  a 
considerable  period  he  personally  managed  his  farming  interests.  He  has  never 
been  away  from  Cloverdale  for  more  than  thirty  days  at  a  time.  The  old  house 
which  he  occupies  is  covered  upon  the  outside  with  roughcast,  Scotch  fashion, 
this  being  partly  composed  of  pebbles  collected  upon  the  place  fifty  years  ago. 
The  middle  part  of  the  house  is  built  of  hand-squared  logs  in  the  old  Hudson's 
Bay  fashion,  while  the  laundry,  woodsheds  and  other  outhouses  are* of  Cali- 
fornia lumber.  Although  the  materials  are  strangely  contrasted,  the  result  is 
most  harmonious.  In  the  house  are  furnishings  that  date  back  to  the  latter  part 
of  the  eighteenth  century,  an  old  mirror  and  mahogany  chair  having  come  from 
Fort  Vancouver,  now  in  the  state  of  Washington. 


JOHN  W.  TOLMIE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  789 

Mr.  Tolmie  is  a  conservative,  but  not  an  active  party  worker.  In  religious 
faith  he  is  an  Anglican  and  for  twenty-five  years  he  has  been  a  member  of  St. 
Luke's  church.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Canadian  Club.  He  is  very  fond  of 
natural  history  and  has  been  a  collector  nearly  all  of  his  life,  especially  a  collector 
of  antiquities.  The  walls  of  one  of  the  large  rooms  of  the  house  are  entirely 
covered  with  Indian  curios  of  every  description,  representing  both  peaceful  and 
warlike  arts  among  the  Indians.  All  has  been  tabulated  and  hundreds  have  been 
arranged  in  the  drawers  of  the  collecting  cases.  He  not  only  has  these  relics, 
but  he  has  great  knowledge  of  the  folklore  and  legends  of  the  Indians  and  might 
write  a  most  interesting  book  thereon.  His  collection  has  been  visited  by  many 
noted  scientists  and  men  interested  in  such  matters.  Mr.  Tolmie  finds  great 
pleasure  in  adding  to  this  collection  and  in  displaying  his  curios  to  the  interested 
visitor.  He  has  lived  to  witness  remarkable  changes  in  Victoria  and  throughout 
the  entire  northwest. 

He  remembers  as  a  boy  making  one  or  two  trips  to  Victoria,  a  distance  of 
one  hundred  miles  or  more,  in  a  canoe,  at  which  time  they  paddled  around  the 
islands  rather  than  go  far  out  into  the  sound  because  of  their  fear  of  storms. 
Cloverdale  is  one  of  the  attractive  and  beautiful  old  historic  places  of  the  north- 
west and  few  families  are  better  known  than  the  one  whose  name  is  borne  by 
one  of  the  chief  mountains  of  this  part  of  the  country. 


ALBERT  GODWIN  LANGLEY. 

Albert  Godwin  Langley,  organizer  and  head  of  the  firm  of  A.  G.  Langley  & 
Company,  Ltd.,  general  consulting  mining  engineers,  and  one  of  the  most  able 
men  in  this  profession  in  Vancouver,  is  a  native  son  of  British  Columbia,  born 
in  Victoria,  October  27,  1877.  His  parents  were  Alfred  John  and  Mary  (God- 
win) Langley,  the  former  a  pioneer  in  this  province,  having  come  from  England 
to  Victoria  in  1858.  He  became  very  prominent  in  business  and  civic  affairs, 
conducting  a  large  wholesale  drug  enterprise  until  his  death. 

Albert  G.  Langley  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  city  and  later  attended  Haileybury  College  in  England.  When  he  left 
that  institution  he  enrolled  in  McGill  University,  Montreal,  and  was  graduated 
in  1903,  with  the  degree  of  B.  Sc.,  having  specialized  in  mining  engineering. 
After  laying  aside  his  books  he  engaged  in  professional  work  throughout  Arizona 
and  Mexico,  developing  his  natural  ability  and  gaining  invaluable  practical  experi- 
ence in  his  chosen  field.  In  1906  he  returned  to  British  Columbia  and,  settling 
in  Vancouver,  engaged  in  the  agency  business  and  in  practice  as  a  mining  engi- 
neer, continuing  alone  until  1908,  when  he  organized  A.  G.  Langley  &  Company, 
Ltd.,  of  which  he  became  president.  The  members  of  the  company  are  general 
consulting  engineers  and  the  firm  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  strongest  and  most 
reliable  of  its  kind  in  the  province,  connected  through  a  large  and  representative 
patronage  with  a  great  deal  of  important  engineering  work.  Mr.  Langley  has 
gained  a  position  of  distinction  in  his  profession  and  has  various  other  interests 
in  Vancouver,  being  connected  with  the  affairs  of  a  number  of  important  finan- 
cial concerns. 

On  the  23d  of  January,  1904,  Mr.  Langley  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Mabel  Sophie  Walkem,  a  daughter  of  the  late  Hon.  George  Anthony  Walkem, 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  British  Columbia  and  one  of  the  most  prominent 
men  in  the  province.  A  more  extended  mention  of  hi?  career  will  be  found 
on  another  page  in  this  work.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Langley  have  become  the  parents 
of  two  children,  Sophie  and  Margery. 

Mr.  Langley  served  for  two  years  in  the  Fifth  Regiment,  Victoria  Volunteer 
Service.  He  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  has  extensive  club 
affiliations,  belonging  to  the  Vancouver  and  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Clubs, 
the  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf  Club  and  the  Victoria  Golf  Club  and  Union  Club 


790  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  Victoria.  He  is  a  devout  member  of  the  Anglican  church.  During  his  college 
days  he  saved  a  boy  from  drowning  and  holds  a  medal  given  him  by  the  Royal 
Humane  Society  in  recognition  of  his  bravery.  In  Vancouver  he  holds  the 
respect  and  esteem  of  all  who  are  associated  with  him,  for  his  integrity  and 
high  standards  are  recognized  in  business,  professional  and  social  circles  and 
have  gained  him  many  friends. 


ARTHUR  ALBERT  HUMBER,  D.  D.  S. 

Dentistry  is  unique  among  the  professions,  for  the  successful  practitioner 
must  possess  not  only  scientific  and  technical  skill  but  also  mechanical  ingenuity, 
combined  with  the  ability  to  wisely  manage  his  interests  from  the  standpoint  of 
business  success.  Well  qualified  in  all  these  particulars,  Dr.  Arthur  Albert  Hum- 
ber  is  enjoying  a  good  practice  in  Victoria,  where  he  has  continuously  maintained 
an  office  since  1895.  The  city  numbers  him  among  her  native  sons,  his  birth  hav- 
ing here  occurred  April  16,  1872,  his  parents  being  Maurice  and  Matilda  Humber. 
The  father,  who  was  a  pioneer  here,  was  engaged  in  the  contracting  and  build- 
ing business  for  many  years  but  is  now  deceased. 

At  the  usual  age  Dr.  Humber  entered  the  public  schools  of  Victoria  and  with 
the  completion  of  his  more  specifically  literary  course  he  took  up  the  study  of 
dentistry,  winning  his  D.  D.  S.  degree  upon  graduation  from  the  Philadelphia 
Dental  College  in  the  class  of  1894.  The  following  year  he  returned  to  Victoria, 
opened  an  office  and  has  since  engaged  in  practice,  steadily  working  his  way  up- 
ward along  professional  lines.  The  patronage  accorded  him  is  now  'extensive 
and  gratifying  and  is  well  merited,  for  he  keeps  in  constant  touch  with  the  latest 
discoveries  and  improvements  made  by  the  dental  fraternity. 

On  the  ist  of  June,  1899,  in  Victoria,  Dr.  Humber  was  married  to  Gertrude 
Hackett,  a  daughter  of  Captain  Charles  and  Annie  (Musgrave)  Hackett,  her 
father  being  a  well  known  seafaring  man,  who  was  engaged  in  the  sealing  indus- 
try for  many  years  but  is  now  retired.  The  children  born  to  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Hum- 
ber are  Edna,  Maurice,  Charles,  Kathleen  and  Grace. 

Dr.  Humber  has  no  pronounced  political  affiliation,  voting  rather  for  the 
man  than  for  the  party,  his  interest  being  in  clean  and  progressive  politics  rather 
than  in  partisanship.  He  holds  membership  with  the  Commercial  Club  of  Vic- 
toria and  is  in  sympathy  with  its  efforts  to  advance  the  business  interests  and 
welfare  of  the  city.  He  also  has  membership  with  the  Native  Sons  of  British 
Columbia. 


NEWTON   TOWNLY   BURDICK. 

Among  the  well  informed  and  successful  young  real-estate  men  of  Victoria 
is  Newton  Townly  Burdick,  a  member  of  the  well  known  firm  of  Green  &  Bur- 
dick  Brothers,  Ltd.,  maintaining  offices  at  the  corner  of  Broughton  and  Langley 
streets.  Mr.  Burdick  was  born  in  Dorchester  Station,  Ontario,  a  son  of  Isaac 
Newton  and  Helen  (Carroll)  Burdick.  The  father  is  a  native  of  Ontario  and 
for  many  years  was  engaged  in  the  merchandise  business  in  Dorchester,  also 
serving  for  twelve  years  as  a  clerk  of  the  court.  Eventually  he  located  in  Vic- 
toria, where  he  now  lives  retired. 

Newton  T.  Burdick  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Calgary,  which  he 
attended  until  his  fifteenth  year.  He  followed  various  occupations  until  1906, 
in  which  year  he  formed  a  partnership  with  his  brother,  Gordon,  and  they  engaged 
in  the  general  merchandise  business  in  Stettler,  Alberta,  under  the  name  of  Bur- 
dick Brothers.  He  disposed  of  his  interest  in  this  business  in  1906  and  coming 
to  Victoria  entered  the  firm  of  Green  &  Burdick,  which  then  assumed  the  style 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  791 

of  Green  &  Burdick  Brothers,  Ltd.  They  do  a  general  real-estate  business,  hav- 
ing been  especially  successful  in  handling  subdivisions  in  the  northern  part  of 
Victoria,  and  also  do  a  general  fire  and  accident  insurance  business.  They  also 
represent  a  number  of  bonding  companies  and  their  financial  transactions  are 
important.  Mr.  Burdick  is  well  informed  upon  all  matters  concerning  his  line 
of  business  and  by  his  ability  and  industry  has  contributed  considerably  to  the 
success  of  the  firm. 

Mr.  Burdick  was  married,  in  Victoria,  to  Miss  Ruby  Smith,  a  daughter  of 
McBriar  Smith,  who  is  highly  respected  as  the  oldest  government  official  in 
British  Columbia,  having  served  as  deputy  minister  of  finance  until  his  retire- 
ment in  1913.  The  Smith  family  is  of  English  ancestry  and  both  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
McBriar  Smith  reside  in  Victoria.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Burdick  make  their  home 
on  Wilmont  place,  Oak  Bay,  Victoria. 

Mr.  Burdick  has  always  taken  a  laudable  interest  in  political  matters  and  gives 
his  support  to  the  conservative  party.  He  at  present  serves  as  councilman  in 
Oak  Bay  municipality.  He  is  prominent  fraternally,  being  a  Mason,  and  holds 
membership  in  Apollo  Lodge.  He  is  also  a  Shriner,  belonging  to  Gizeh  Temple 
of  the  Mystic  Shrine.  Mr.  Burdick  is  an  earnest  member  and  a  regular  attend- 
ant of  the  Christian  Science  church.  He  is  fond  of  outdoor  sports  and  all 
athletic  games  and  indulges  in  hunting,  fishing  and  motoring,  being  a  member  of 
the  Victoria  Automobile  Association.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Pacific  Club  of 
Victoria.  Mr.  Burdick  is  one  of  the  popular  and  successful  young  business  men 
of  Victoria  and  in  full  measure  enjoys  the  confidence  of  the  business  world  as 
well  as  that  of  the  general  public.  He  is  imbued  with  the  western  spirit  of 
aggressiveness  and  his  energetic  and  enthusiastic  activities  have  secured  for 
him  an  important  place  among  the  business  men  of  Victoria. 


EUGENE  ROUSSEAU. 

One  of  the  first  and  foremost  industries  of  British  Columbia  has  been  and 
is  salmon  fishing  and  its  allied  enterprises.  As  manager  of  the  Ewen  Cannery, 
one  of  the  British  Columbia  Packers  fish  canneries,  Eugene  Rousseau  occupies 
a  foremost  position  in  this  line  of  business  and  has  contributed  much  to  the  com- 
mercial expansion  of  New  Westminster.  A  native  of  San  Francisco,  he  was 
born  on  May  28,  1874,  a  son  of  James  and  Amanda  (Heimerle)  Rousseau,  the 
former  a  native  of  .Maine  and  the  latter  of  Boston,  Massachusetts.  The  parents 
were  married  in  San  Francisco,  to  which  city  the  father  had  removed  when  a 
young  man  and  the  mother  in  her  girlhood  with  her  parents.  There  they  resided 
until  1877,  when  they  came  to  British  Columbia,  locating  in  New  Westminster 
which  they  have  since  made  their  residence.  For  several  years  the  father  was 
engaged  in  the  boot  and  shoe  business  in  New  Westminster  and  also  operated 
a  tannery  for  some  time,  becoming  one  of  the  leading  business  men  of  this  region. 
He  is  still  living  but  has  retired  from  active  life. 

Eugene  Rousseau  was  reared  under  the  parental  roof  and  acquired  his  educa- 
tion in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  New  Westminster,  completing  his  studies 
by  becoming  a  law  student  in  the  office  of  Armstrong,  Eckstein  &  Gaynor,  with 
whom  he  remained  for  three  years.  The  profession,  however,  did  not  appeal  to 
him  and  he  subsequently  engaged  in  the  steamboat  service  on  the  Fraser  river 
and  for  four  years  served  as  purser  on  the  steamer  Transfer.  In  1902  he  became 
connected  with  the  canning  business,  identifying  himself  with  the  British  Colum- 
bia Packers  Association  on  its  organization  in  that  year.  He  has  since  been  contin- 
uously connected  with  this  foremost  establishment  and  for  the  past  four  years 
has  held  the  position  of  manager  of  one  of  their  plants.  As  such  he  has  been 
instrumental  in  greatly  enlarging  the  capacity  of  the  plant  and  has  extended  its 
trade  connections  to  a  considerable  degree. 


792  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

In  1903  Mr.  Rousseau  was  married  to  Miss  Ellen  Days,  of  San  Francisco. 
Both  he  and  his  wife  give  adherence  to  the  Presbyterian  faith.  Politically  Mr. 
Rousseau  is  a  conservative,  upholding  the  principles  of  that  party.  He  is  public- 
spirited  and  progressive,  always  ready  to  give  his  share  of  time  and  money  in 
upholding  or  promoting  any  worthy  -public  enterprise.  Widely  known  among 
men  of  commercial  interests  of  the  province,  he  enjoys  the  confidence  and  good 
will  of  all  who  come  in  contact  with  him  in  a  social  or  business  way. 


ROBERT  HENRY  CARSON. 

Robert  Henry  Carson  has  since  1910  conducted  a  general  real-estate,  finan- 
cial and  insurance  brokerage  business  as  the  junior  member  of  the  firm  of  Cald- 
well  &  Carson,  Limited,  of  Vancouver.  His  birth  occurred  in  Pavilion,  British 
Columbia,  on  the  9th  of  November,  1885,  his  parents  being  Robert  and  Eliza 
Jane  (Magee)  Carson.  The  father,  who  was  born  near  Edinburgh,  Scotland, 
came  to  Canada  in  1862,  settling  at  Pavilion,  British  Columbia,  where  he  suc- 
cessfully followed  farming  until  his  demise  in  1911.  The  period  of  his  residence 
in  this  province  covered  almost  a  half  century,  and  he  enjoyed  an  extensive  and 
favorable  acquaintance  here. 

Robert  H.  Carson  obtained  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Pavil- 
ion and  subsequently  pursued  a  course  of  study  in  Columbian  College  at  New 
Westminster,  British  Columbia.  After  putting  aside  his  text-books  he  assisted 
his  father  in  the  work  of  the  home  farm  until  1909,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver 
and  embarked  in  the  real-estate  brokerage  business  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of 
Magee,  Drummond  &  Carson,  being  thus  engaged  until  1910.  In  that  year,  in 
association  with  David  Caldwell,  he  organized  the  firm  of  Caldwell  &  Carson, 
Limited,  and  under  that  style  has  since  conducted  a  general  real-estate,  financial 
and  insurance  brokerage  business.  Messrs.  Caldwell  and  Carson  are  agents 
for  property  in  Vancouver,  Point  Grey,  South  Vancouver  and  Burnaby,  and  make 
a  specialty  of  subdivisions,  being  extensive  operators  in  that  line. 

On  the  I4th  of  August,  1912,  Mr.  Carson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Constance  H.  Robson,  a  daughter  of  F.  H.  Robson,  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Carson  is 
a  member  of  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia  and  also  belongs  to  the  Progress 
Club  and  the  Vancouver  Riding  Club.  Though  still  a  young  man,  he  has  already 
attained  an  enviable  measure  of  success  in  business  circles  and  is  accounted  one 
of  the  substantial  and  representative  citizens  of  his  native  province. 


RICHARD  PLUNKETT  COOKE,  C.  E. 

Among  those  men  who,  having  spent  many  years  of  their  active  life  in  east- 
ern Canada,  made  Vancouver  their  home  in  their  latter  years  was  Richard 
Plunkett  Cooke. 

He  was  born  in  Birr,  King's  county,  Ireland,  belonging  to  the  family  of  Cookes 
of  Gordangan.  His  father,  Thomas  Lalor  Cooke,  was  crown  solicitor  of  Birr 
for  many  years.  He  was  a  man  of  wide  and  scholarly  attainments  and  was  known 
as  an  antiquarian  and  astronomer.  He  possessed  a  valuable  collection  of  works 
of  art,  some  of  them  of  very  great  antiquity  which  after  his  death  were  pur- 
chased by  the  British  Museum.  He  married  Lucinda  Antisell,  of  Sraduff, 
King's  county. 


EICHARD  P.  COOKE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  795 

Richard  Plunkett  Cooke  graduated  from  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  in  1848, 
with  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts.  He  studied  engineering  under  Professor, 
Sir  John  McNeill  and  was  awarded  a  diploma  from  the  school  of  engineering 
attached  to  the  university.  In  1852  he  came  to  Canada  and  was  engaged  on  the 
construction  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway,  west  of  Toronto.  Later  he  was 
appointed  engineer  of  that  division  and  encountered  all  the  engineering  diffi- 
culties and  problems  incident  to  the  construction  of  a  railway  in  a  new  and 
undeveloped  country.  In  1861  he  severed  his  connection  with  the  Grand  Trunk 
and  resided  in  Brockville,  having  been  appointed  managing  director  of  the  Brock- 
ville  &  Ontario  Railway.  In  1867  he  resigned  that  position  and  entered  into 
private  practice  as  an  engineer  and  contractor.  He  continued  in  this  for  a 
number  of  years  during  which  he  was  engaged  in  many  important  works  in 
this  country  and  the  United  States.  Among  them  may  be  mentioned  the  Bos- 
ton, Barrie  &  Gardner  Railroad,  the  Carillon  Canal  works  and  the  harbor  works 
at  Nicolet. 

In  1853  he  married  Miss  Anna  Plunkett,  daughter  of  the  late  Lynch  Plunkett, 
of  Castlemore,  County  Mayo,  Ireland.  To  them  were  born  three  daughters 
who  are,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Lefevre,  Mrs.  F.  Baker  and  Mrs.  F.  J.  P.  Gibson,  all  of 
Vancouver  and  it  was  largely  the  desire  to  be  near  them  that  caused  Mr.  Cooke 
to  make  this  city  his  home. 

As  soon  as  he  had  settled  in  Vancouver  he  began  to  take  an  interest  and 
an  active  part  in  enterprises  designed  to  advance  the  growth  of  this  city.  For 
several  years  he  was  prominent  in  the  management  of  the  British  Columbia  Iron 
Works.  When  the  foundation  of  a  provincial  university  was  first  proposed,  he 
was  an  enthusiastic  supporter  of  the  project  and  was  elected  vice  chancellor. 
He  was  president  of  the  St.  Patrick's  society  for  some  time.  His  ability  as  an 
engineer  was  recognized  by  his  advice  being  sought  in  regard  to  various  engi- 
neering enterprises  in  British  Columbia. 

A  stanch  conservative  in  politics,  a  genial  and  generous  gentleman  of  the  old 
school,  he  had  many  friends  throughout  Canada  and  his  name  is  held  in  esteem 
by  them. 


WILLIAM  IRVINE. 

The  pioneer  history  of  Vancouver  island  and  of  the  city  of  Victoria  contains 
the  record  of  no  more  honorable,  upright  and  worthy  character  than  William 
Irvine,  who  has  the  distinction  of  being  the  first  child  born  of  white  parents  on 
the  island.  The  various  phases  of  local  settlement,  development  and  growth  are 
to  him  matters  of  close,  personal  experience  and  in  the  work  which  has  accom- 
panied the  evolution  of  the  island  he  has  borne  an  active  and  helpful  part,  his 
loyal  and  progressive  spirit  making  his  individual  prosperity  a  public  asset.  In 
his  capacities  as  surveyor  and  driller  he  has  traveled  over  most  of  the  island 
and  has  made  a  close  study  of  it,  being  today  one  of  the  best  informed  men  in 
British  Columbia  upon  its  opportunities  and  resources. 

Mr.  Irvine  was  born  in  Victoria,  September  10,  1851,  and  is  of  Scotch  ances- 
try, his  parents  having  married  in  that  country.  They  crossed  the  Atlantic  and 
then  came  by  way  of  Cape  Horn  to  the  Canadian  Pacific  coast,  traveling  in  the 
old  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  ship  Troy  and  settling  on  the  island  of  Vancouver 
in  1850.  They  made  their  home  in  Victoria,  which  was  at  that  time  a  hamlet  in 
the  midst  of  a  wilderness,  one  of  the  long  string  of  forts  established  by  the  com- 
pany of  gentlemen  adventurers.  At  that  time  there  were  only  three  families 
living  in  Victoria,  those  of  Governor  Douglas,  Senator  Macdonald  and  Dr. 
Helmcken.  Mr.  Irvine's  parents  made  their  home  here  for  many  years,  finally 
removing  to  a  farm  at  Cedar  Hill,  where  their  deaths  occurred. 

Mr.  Irvine  was  reared  in  Victoria  and  has  now  made  that  city  his  home  for 
sixty-two  years.  His  reminiscences  of  pioneer  times  are  interesting  in  the 


796  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

extreme.  "I  have  seen,"  he  relates,  "the  site  of  the  present  fine  city  of  Victoria 
as  wild  as  the  Sooke  hills.  I  have  seen  forests  covering  the  ground  where  fine 
buildings  stand  today.  Forest,  indeed,  lay  all  about,  peopled  by  Indians  as  savage 
as  ever  Indian  was.  They  were  hard  to  deal  with  in  those  days  unless  they  were 
allowed  pretty  much  their  own  way,  and  it  was  always  well  to  have  a  sharp  eye 
for  treachery.  I  have  seen  these  savages  naked  as  when  they  were  born  clus- 
tering about  their  caves  in  the  side  hill,  about  where  Douglas  street  crosses  the 
ravine  at  Queen's  avenue.  It  was  a  common  sight  in  those  days  to  see  the 
Indians  at  their  daily  tasks.  To  me  it  was  one  of  the  many  diversions  of  the 
journey  when  I  would  ride  horseback  to  church  with  my  father.  That  was 
our  means  of  travel  in  those  days.  Father  would  sit  on  the  saddle  and  I  would 
hang  on  to  his  arms  from  behind  as  best  I  might.  In  the  years  that  have  passed 
I  have  traveled  a  good  deal  on  the  island.  My  first  trip  was  on  the  survey 
between  the  E.  and  N.  belt  and  the  government  land,  extending  from  Muir 
creek  to  Crown  mountains.  It  was  a  hard  though  interesting  trip  through 
almost  impassable  country.  And,  just  while  passing,  I  would  like  to  say  that  I 
think  that  Crown  mountain  should  have  been  called  Ralph  mountain  rightfully 
in  honor  of  the  man  of  that  name  as  a  small  tribute  to  his  many  years  of  the 
hardest  kind  of  toil  for  his  country.  As  for  the  island  itself  it  is  immensely  rich 
in  ores.  There  is  silver  and  plenty  of  copper.  This  was  known  to  us  in  the  old 
days,  although  we  were  not  always  able  to  take  advantage  of  it.  At  one  time 
the  Spaniards  on  one  of  their  quests  for  fortune  came  upon  the  island  and  did 
some  prospecting.  They  frightened  the  Indians  badly  by  using  powder  for  pur- 
poses of  blasting  and  the  red  men  had  strange  tales  about  them.  I  have  seen, 
personally,  plenty  of  silver  on  the  island  and  I  am  sure  there  is  much  of  it  gen- 
erally. As  a  hint  to  the  wise  I  may  say  that  the  island  will  bear  thorough  pros- 
pecting. The  island  swarms  with  game  in  the  interior.  The  birds  especially 
are  plentiful ;  blue  grouse,  for  instance,  are  there  in  thousands  and  it  will  be  a 
long  time  before  all  the  hunters  that  will  come  will  decimate  them  to  any  extent. 
In  fact,  the  island  is  so  heavily  stocked  with  coons,  minks,  wolves  and  panthers 
that  far  more  birds  are  killed  off  yearly  by  these  wily'  hunters  than  fall  to  the 
guns  of  all  the  human  nimrods.  Elk  and  deer  exist  in  large  numbers  throughout 
the  interior  and  are  likely  to  continue  to  be  plentiful  for  years  to  come.  In 
fact,  if  more  of  the  animals  that  prey  on  game  were  killed  off,  Vancouver  island 
would  be  a  literal  sportsmen's  paradise."  Mr.  Irvine  is  now  in  his  sixty-third 
year,  an  active,  energetic  and  capable  man,  for  whom  a  life  of  temperate  habits 
has  preserved  a  strong  and  sturdy  body  and  given  a  clean  and  wholesome  mind. 

Mr.  Irvine  married,  January  i,  1883,  Miss  Florence  Carlow,  a  daughter  of 
the  late  Horatio  Carlow.  They  became  the  parents  of  eight  children,  five  sons 
and  three  daughters,  of  whom  Charles  is  the  eldest.  The  second  in  the  order 
of  birth  is  Frederick.  He  is  married  and  lives  in  Victoria  at  the  present  time. 
Mr.  Irvine  has  always  been  a  strong  advocate  of  the  temperance  cause,  having 
been  one  of  the  first  to  join  the  local  temperance  lodge  and  having  been  since 
that  time  an  earnest  worker  in  support  of  temperance  doctrines.  He  stands  high 
in  the  business,  social  and  public  life  of  the  community  and  his  progressive  spirit 
and  upright  and  honorable  qualities  of  character  have  gained  him  a  wide  circle 
of  friends  in  the  city  where  he  has  lived  so  many  years. 


ANGUS  FERGUSON. 

Angus  Ferguson,  living  retired  in  Hammond,  dates  his  residence  in  British 
Columbia  from  1884.  This  has  covered  the  period  of  the  greatest  growth  and 
development  of  the  province,  for  at  the  time  of  his  arrival  here  few  settlements 
had  been  made  in  the  country  districts  and  many  of  the  evidences  of  pioneer 
life  were  to  be  found.  In  the  work  of  upbuilding  which  followed,  Mr.  Ferguson 
bore  an  active  and  honorable  part,  meeting  difficulties  and  overcoming  obstacles 


ANGUS  FERGUSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  ,799 

with  confidence  and  courage,  achieving  finally  an  honorable  destiny  and  the  rest 
and  retirement  which  follows  earnest  and  well  directed  labor.  Mr.  Ferguson  has 
been  a  resident  of  Hammond  since  1886  but  was  born  in  Cariboo  Marsh,  Nova 
Scotia,  in  August,  1842,  his  parents  being  Peter  and  Mary  Ferguson,  both  deceased. 
The  father  was  for  many  years  a  well  known  farmer  in  Nova  Scotia. 

In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Angus  Ferguson  attended  public  schools 
in  his  native  village  but  was  forced  to  lay  aside  his  books  at  an  early  age  in  order 
to  earn  his  own  living.  At  first  he  worked  with  his  father  on  the  farm  but  after 
a  short  time  turned  his  attention  to  mining,  an  occupation  to  which  he  devoted  his 
attention  for  many  years  thereafter.  In  1884  he  came  by  way  of  Seattle,  Wash- 
ington, to  British  Columbia  and  he  settled  first  in  Nanaimo  where  he  remained 
one  year.  From  there  he  moved  to  Alberni  and  there  he  resumed  his  mining 
operations,  meeting  with  many  obstacles  and  difficulties  against  all  of  which  he 
struggled  with  confidence  and  courage.  After  over  a  year  of  hard  work  he 
returned  to  Nanaimo  and  early  in  1886  journeyed  to  the  mainland  and  settled  in 
Hammond,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  in  this 
vicinity,  arriving  here  at  a  time  when  white  men  were  few  and  Indians  numerous. 
Primitive  conditions  prevailed  everywhere  but  Mr.  Ferguson  was  not  a  man 
to  be  dismayed  by  obstacles  and  faced  his  new  life  with  resolute  determination. 
After  looking  about  the  locality  he  finally  selected  a  spot  at  Sturgeon  lake  about 
five  miles  from  Hammond  and  there  took  up  land,  turning  his  attention  to  its 
development.  Here  alone  in  the  wilderness,  he  struggled  with  rugged  nature, 
earnestly  and  with  characteristic  energy,  carrying  forward  the  work  of  improve- 
ment. He  cleared  his  land  of  the  overgrowing  timber,  erected  excellent  build- 
ings upon  it  and  developed  a  profitable  and  productive  farm.  In  1912  he  dis- 
posed of  this  property  and  now  lives  in  Hammond,  rest  and  retirement  reward- 
ing his  many  years  of  practical  and  unremitting  labor. 

In  1888  Mr.  Ferguson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Annie  Boyd,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Archibald  and  Christie  Boyd.  Mrs.  Ferguson  passed  away  in  1909,  leav- 
ing two  children,  Peter  Malcom  and  Christina  Maude. 

Mr.  Ferguson  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  gives  his  political 
allegiance  to  the  conservative  party.  He  is  connected  with  St.  Andrew's  Lodge 
No.  i,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  since  1868  has  been  affiliated  with  the  Loyal  Order 
of  Orange.  He  is  interested  in  everything  that  pertains  to  the  welfare  and  prog- 
ress of  Hammond  where  he  has  resided  since  pioneer  times,  whose  institu- 
tions he  has  aided  in  upbuilding  and  whose  development  he  has  been  a  force  in 
directing.  No  man  is  more  widely  or  favorably  known  in  this  community  than 
he,  for  his  dealings  have  been  at  all  times  reliable  and  straightforward  and  his 
standards  of  integrity  high.  His  neighbors  honor  and  respect  him  by  reason  of 
a  life  that  has  been  honorable  and  upright  in  all  its  relations. 


SAMUEL  FLACK. 

The  real-estate  business  and  the  management  of  the  Flack  estate  largely 
take  up  the  time  and  attention  of  Samuel  Flack,  who  is  widely  and  favorably 
known  as  one  of  the  substantial  men  of  Vancouver,  in  which  city  he  represents 
important  realty  investments.  Born  August  22,  1866,  at  Franklin,  Ontario,  his 
parents  were  John  and  Eleanor  Flack.  He  received  his  education  in  the  high 
school  at  Oakwood,  Ontario,  subsequently  taking  up  the  profession  of  teaching 
and  being  so  engaged  for  a  year  in  Ontario,  in  1888.  The  great  opportunities  of 
the  west  led  him  to  come  to  British  Columbia  and  from  1889  to  1893  he  taught 
school  in  this  province,  making  himself  acquainted  with  prevailing  conditions 
and  gathering  valuable  knowledge  of  the  land  and  its  inhabitants.  He  returned 
to  Ontario  in  1893  and  there  continued  in  his  profession  for  five  years  or  until 
1898,  when  the  west  again  called  him  and  he  removed  to  Swan  Lake,  Mamto 
where  he  established  himself  as  a  real-estate  agent,  being  so  successfully  engaged 


800  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

for  several  years.  In  1905  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  has  since  been  engaged  in 
the  real-estate  business  here.  Capable,  energetic  and  far-sighted,  he  has  become 
a  recognized  judge  of  realty  values  and  has  handled  important  deals  in  that  line. 
His  irreproachable  methods  have  gained  him  an  unexcelled  reputation  and  he 
enjoys  a  position  of  high  financial  standing  in  his  community.  As  manager  of 
the  Flack  estate  he  has  done  conspicuous  service  in  the  conservation  of  those 
interests. 

On  August  i,  1901,  at  Bolsover,  Ontario,  Mr.  Flack  married  Miss  Ida  Kath- 
leen McGillivray,  a  daughter  of  Archibald  and  Mary  (Campbell)  McGillivray, 
and  they  have  three  children :  Chauncey,  Cyril  and  Kathleen. 

In  political  matters  Mr.  Flack  is  independent,  giving  his  support  to  the  best 
man  available  for  the  office  irrespective  of  party  affiliation.  Fraternally  he  is 
connected  with  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  the  Maccabees.  Public-spirited  and 
progressive,  he  takes  a  vital  interest  in  all  matters  that  affect  the  welfare  of  Van- 
couver and  is  ever  ready  to  devote  his  share  of  time  or  money  in  promoting 
worthy  enterprises.  He  is  one  of  the  successful  men  of  the  province — a  man 
imbued  with  true  western  spirit,  and  his  citizenship  is  ever  of  the  highest  character. 


WILLIAM   A.    McCONKEY,  M.  D. 

Dr.  William  A.  McConkey,  a  physician  of  Vancouver,  was  born  at  Consecon, 
Prince  Edward  county,  Ontario,  October  12,  1875,  a  son  of  Andrew  and  Esther 
Jane  (Arthur)  McConkey,  the  former  a  native  of  Belfast,  Ireland,  and  the  latter 
of  Ontario.  They  were  married  in  Ontario  and  were  thereafter  residents  of 
Consecon,  where  Andrew  McConkey  devoted  his  energies  to  agricultural  pur- 
suits. Both  he  and  his  wife  are  now  deceased. 

Andrew  McConkey,  father  of  Dr.  McConkey,  came  to  Canada  about  1860  from 
Newry,  County  Down,  Ireland.  He  married  Esther  Jane  Arthur  in  1868  and  of  this 
union  Dr.  William  A.  McConkey  is  the  third  son.  The  grandfather  of  Dr.  McCon- 
key, on  the  maternal  side,  Matthew  Arthur,  arrived  in  Prince  Edward  county, 
Ontario,  with  his  two  brothers,  Hugh  and  George,  about  1824,  coming  from 
Doogry,  Ireland.  At  that  place  his  father,  Matthew  Arthur,  had  settled  after  leav- 
ing his  birthplace  in  Scotland  owing  to  the  disapproval  of  his  family  to  his  mar- 
riage with  an  Irish  girl,  Ann  MacWilliams.  There  the  great-grandfather  became  a 
landowner  and  a  merchant.  His  son  Matthew,  with  other  members  of  the  family 
who  followed  shortly  afterward,  settled  in  Prince  Edward  county,  Ontario.  There 
he  married  Mary  Byers,  a  daughter  of  Captain  "Billy"  Byers,  of  the  Inniskillen 
Dragoons,  of  Londonderry,  Ireland.  This  Arthur  family  became  extensive  land- 
owners in  their  adopted  country.  A  number  of  them  have  since  emigrated  to  many 
parts  of  Canada  and  the  United  States.  Stalwart  sons  took  active  parts  in  the 
Fenian  raids,  the  gold  rush  of  '49  and  the  early  exploration  of  British  Columbia 
and  .Alaska.  The  others  have  since  become  distinguished  in  the  different  profes- 
sions and  in  mercantile  life.  The  family  is  now  considered  one  of  the  foremost  in 
Ontario.  Desendants  in  British  Columbia  at  the  present  time  are  Dr.  William  A. 
McConkey,  of  this  sketch,  and  his  brothers  John  and  Arthur,  of  Vancouver,  and  Dr. 
E.  C.  Arthur,  of  Nelson. 

Dr.  McConkey  obtained  his  public-school  education  at  Consecon,  Ontario,  and 
took  his  high  school  course  at  Trenton  and  Cobourg,  Ontario,  and  Brandon,  Mani- 
toba. After  teaching  in  various  parts  of  that  province  he  entered  the  Manitoba 
Medical  College  in  1902,  graduating  in  1906.  Coming  to  British  Columbia,  he  acted 
as  interne  at  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital  for  one  year  and  after  practicing  for 
a  short  time  at  Atlin,  this  province,  returned  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since 
been  engaged  in  general  medical  practice.  Among  those  associations  in  which  he 
takes  an  interest  are  the  University  Club  and  the  Vancouver  Medical  Association. 

In  1908,  in  Vancouver,  Dr.  McConkey  married  Miss  Mary  Elizabeth  Sibbald,  of 
Winnipeg,  who  is  an  honor  graduate  in  arts  in  Manitoba  University.  They  have 


DR.  WILLIAM  A.  McCONKEY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  803 

two  children,  Kathleen  Florence  and  Arthur  Sibbald  McConkey.  Mrs.  McConkey 
is  descended  on  the  father's  side  from  a  distinguished  family  of  Scotland  who 
owned  extensive  estates  in  Perthshire.  Her  ancestors  were  prominent  in  the  army 
and  navy  and  were  stanch  Royalists,  taking  active  parts  in  the  civil  wars  in  Great 
Britain  in  the  time  of  Charles  I  and  Charles  II.  One  of  these,  Colonel  William 
Sibbald,  was  one  of  the  five  most  distinguished  officers  selected  for  execution  with 
Montrose  after  the  failure  of  his  descent  upon  Scotland  in  the  interests  of  Charles 
II.  The  family  estates  in  Perthshire  were  confiscated  by  Cromwell  with  those 
of  other  Royalists.  Descendants  have  continued  to  take  an  active  part  in  naval 
service.  One  was  a  midshipman  on  the  flagship  Victory  at  the  time  of  the  battle 
of  Trafalgar.  Another  captain,  James  Sibbald,  of  the  Royal  Navy,  saw  some 
active  service  and  conducted  himself  with  courage.  One  member  of  the  family 
was  knighted  for  conspicuous  courage  in  battle.  A  seal  with  the  coat  of  arms 
(a  drawn  sword  and  the  words  "sae  bauld")  is  in  the  possession  of  that  branch 
of  the  family  now  in  Vancouver.  Representatives  of  the  family  are  now  prac- 
ticing law  and  medicine  in  Edinburgh,  while  others,  among  them  Mrs.  McConkey's 
father  and  grandfather,  were  pioneers  in  the  middle  west  befort  the  building  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad.  Mrs.  McConkey's  mother  was  a  daughter  of 
Robert  Black,  a  landowner  of  Scotland  and  afterward  of  Ontario  and  Manitoba. 
Mrs.  McConkey  is  president  of  the  Pioneer  Political  Equality  League  of  British 
Columbia,  a  member  of  the  University  Women's  Club  since  its  inception  in  Van- 
couver, and  is  a  clear,  logical  and  convincing  speaker.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  McConkey 
are  members  of  and  active  workers  in  the  Westminster  Presbyterian  church,  con- 
tributing generously  to  its  support  and  taking  a  helpful  interest  in  its  various 
departments.  Dr.  McConkey  independently  supports  the  candidates  whom  in  his 
judgment  he  considers  best  qualified  for  office. 


GEORGE  WILLIAM  GRANT. 

In  the  year  1885  when  Vancouver  was  still  the  village  of  Granville,  George 
William  Grant  became  one  of  its  residents  and  has  been  identified  with  its 
upbuilding,  the  firm  of  Grant,  Henderson  &  Cook  taking  prominent  rank  among 
the  architects  of  the  city  at  the  present  time.  He  has  witnessed  almost  its  entire 
growth  and  in  many  of  the  fine  structures  of  the  city  are  seen  substantial  evi- 
dences of  his  cooperation  in  its  building.  He  was  born  in  Pictou,  Nova  Scotia, 
December  14,  1852,  a  son  of  Alpin  and  Eleanor  (Braden)  Grant,  who  were 
also  natives  of  that  province.  The  father,  who  was  a  farmer  by  occupation, 
spent  his  entire  life  in  Nova  Scotia  but  he  and  his  wife  a*e  both  now  deceased. 

George  William  Grant  was  the  second  in  order  of  birth  in  a  family  of  six 
children  and  is  the  only  one  who  ever  came  to  the  west.  After  attending  the 
public  schools  and  Pictou  Academy  he  began  learning  the  building  trades  which 
he  followed  for  several  years.  It  was  necessary  for  him  to  earn  his  own  way 
and  through  hard  work  and  close  economy  he  saved  the  sum  that  enabled  him  to 
take  up  the  study  of  architecture.  He  applied  himself  zealously  to  the  mastery 
of  the  principles  of  the  profession,  worked  steadily  and  eventually  completed 
his  course,  gaining  comprehensive  and  thorough  knowledge  which  has  constituted 
the  basis  of  his  later  success.  He  afterward  gave  much  time  to  his  newly 
acquired  profession  but  also  continued  to  act  as  superintendent  of  building  and 
construction  work  until  1885.  That  year  witnessed  his  arrival  in  British  Colum- 
bia, at  which  time  the  village  of  Granville  was  the  nucleus  of  the  present  city 
of  Vancouver.  The  journey  westward  had  been  made  over  the  Northern  Paci- 
fic Railroad  to  Portland,  Oregon,  and  Tacoma,  and  thence  to  Granville  by  boat. 
From  the  latter  point  he  proceeded  to  Victoria  and  the  following  two  years  were 
spent  in  planning  and  superintending  construction  of  numerous  buildings  in 
that  citv  In  the  spring  of  1887  he  returned  to  Vancouver  where  he  has  since 
made  his  nome  and,  opening  an  office,  he  entered  upon  the  active  practice  of 


804  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

his  profession.  He  has  since  been  thus  engaged  in  Vancouver  and  New  West- 
minster. He  was  the  first  resident  architect  of  the  former  and  in  the  early  days 
he  superintended  the  construction  of  all  of  the  buildings  which  he  designed,  a 
supervision  which  he  still  exercises  to  a  considerable  extent.  He  designed  and 
erected  practically  all  of  the  business  blocks  in  New  Westminster  both  before 
and  after  the  fire.  He  was  the  architect  of  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital,  the 
Carnegie  Public  Library,  the  Westminster  courthouse,  the  Dawson  school  and 
many  leading  business  blocks  and  private  residences.  He  thoroughly  under- 
stands every  phase  of  the  business,  both  theoretically  and  practically,  and  his 
knowledge  and  power  have  enabled  him  to  combine  utility,  convenience  and 
beauty  in  a  harmonious  whole.  He  remained  alone  in  business  until  1900,  when 
he  admitted  A.  E.  Henderson  to  a  partnership  and  in  July,  1912,  owing  to  their 
rapidly  increasing  patronage,  they  took  in  W.  T.  Cook,  thus  forming  the  firm 
of  Grant,  Henderson  &  Cook.  The  time  of  all  three  is  fully  occupied  with  the 
management  and  control  of  a  business  which  is  constantly  growing  in  volume 
and  importance.  Their  work  is  largely  setting  the  standard  for  building  and 
their  labjors  have  in  considerable  measure  gained  for  Vancouver  the  reputation 
which  the  city  enjoys  for  architectural  beauty. 

In  Halifax  county,  Nova  Scotia,  in  October,  1876,  Mr.  Grant  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Olive  Burris,  a  native  of  Nova  Scotia.  They  hold  member- 
ship in  St.  Andrews  Presbyterian  church  and  Mr.  Grant  is  also  a  member  of 
St.  Andrews  Society.  He  likewise  belongs  to  the  Pioneer  Society  while  in  the 
direct  line  of  his  profession  he  is  connected  with  the  Canadian  Architects  Asso- 
ciation and  the  British  Columbia  Association  of  Architects.  In  politics  he  is  a 
liberal  and  in  early  days  took  a  very  active  part,  not  as  an  office  seeker  but  as 
a  worker  for  better  conditions  on  the  mainland.  As  Victoria  was  the  capital 
it  was  almost  impossible  to  get  any  improvements  or  any  consideration  of  sub- 
jects affecting  the  welfare  of  the  mainland.  Mr.  Grant  was  among  those  who 
sought  to  change  this  condition  and  in  his  work  was  associated  with  such  men 
as  Judge  Howay,  Carter  Coleton,  J.  C.  Brown  and  other  public-spirited  citizens 
of  the  pioneer  days.  His  labors  from  the  beginning  of  his  residence  here  have 
indeed  been  an  important  element  in  public  progress  and  improvement  and  even 
in  the  path  of  his  profession  his  efforts  have  been  of  great  benefit  in  advancing 
the  interests  of  Vancouver. 


DONALD  ALEXANDER  WILLIAM  VON  CRAMER. 

Donald  Alexander  William  von  Cramer  holds  a  position  of  distinct  prece- 
dence in  financial  circles  of  Vancouver  as  founder,  managing  director  and  secre- 
tary of  the  Vancouver  Trust  Company.  He  was  born  in  Montreal,  Quebec 
province,  August  5,  1873,  and  is  a  son  of  Felix  Herman  and  Elizabeth  von 
Cramer.  He  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Quebec  and  in 
Upper  Canada  College,  and  immediately  after  laying  aside  his  books  turned 
his  attention  to  banking,  entering  the  Canadian  Bank  of  Commerce.  After  a 
short  period  of  connection  with  this  institution  he  associated  himself  with  the 
Royal  Bank  of  Canada,  in  whose  interests  he  came  to  British  Columbia  in  1898. 
For  the  next  nine  or  ten  years  he  was  manager  of  branch  institutions  at  Repub- 
lic, Chilliwack,  Cumberland  and  Vancouver,  and  he  gained  for  himself  an  enviable 
reputation  as  a  far-sighted  and  able  business  man  and  a  resourceful  and  dis- 
criminating financier.  A  few  years  ago  he  resigned  his  position  with  the  Royal 
Bank  of  Canada  and  organized  the  Vancouver  Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which 
concern  he  has  since  served  as  secretary  and  managing  director.  He  has  guided 
the  affairs  of  the  institution  in  an  able  and  progressive  way  and  his  judgment 
has  come  to  be  highly  dependable  and  frequently  sought  concerning  complex 
financial  problems,  for  his  progressiveness  is  tempered  by  a  safe  conservatism 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  805 

and  based  upon  a  thorough  understanding  of  the  conditions  of  the  money  market 
and  the  business  principles  involved. 

On  the  loth  of  June,  1903,  Mr.  von  Cramer  was  united  in  marriage  at  Guelph, 
Ontario,  to  Miss  Helen  Maude  Savage,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  W.  F.  Savage,  a  well 
known  physician  of  that  city.  Mr.  von  Cramer  belongs  to  the  Presbyterian 
church  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  Masonic  lodge.  He  is  a  conserva- 
tive in  his  political  beliefs,  serving  in  1910  as  police  commissioner  of  Vancouver. 
From  1908  to  1911  he  was  a  member  of  the  council  of  the  Vancouver  Board  of 
Trade.  He  is  a  director  in  the  Terminal  City  Club,  in  1912-13  was  president 
of  the  Canadian  Club,  and  as  a  progressive  citizen  has  taken  a  commendable 
interest  in  public  affairs.  Trustworthy  and  reliable  in  business,  progressive  in 
citizenship  and  loyal  to  the  claims  of  friendship,  he  has  thus  displayed  many  good 
qualities  which  have  gained  him  high  regard. 


DAVID  D.  FREEZE,  M.  D.,  C.  M. 

Dr.  David  D.  Freeze,  second  assistant  medical  superintendent  of  the  Pro- 
vincial Hospital  for  the  Insane,  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia,  and  at 
present  resident  physician  of  the  Provincial  Mental  Hospital,  Essondale,  ^British 
Columbia,  was  born  in  the  city  of  Fredericton,  New  Brtmswick,  on  October 
15,  1884.  He  is  the  son  of  James  A.  and  Mary  E.  Freeze,  both  natives  of 
New  Brunswick.  His  father  is  a  barrister,  residing  and  practicing  in  the  town 
of  Sussex,  New  Brunswick. 

Doctor  Freeze  attended  school  at  Sussex  until  the  age  of  seventeen,  at  which 
age  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia  following  that  profession 
for  a  period  of  five  years.  He  subsequently  took  up  the  study  of  medicine  at 
McGill  University,  graduating  in  the  class  of  1912.  After  graduating,  he  served 
an  interneship  of  two  and  one  half  months  in  the  Protestant  Hospital  for  the 
Insane,  Montreal,  Quebec,  following  which,  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  join- 
ing the  staff  of  the  Provincial  Hospital  for  the  Insane  at  New  Westminster,  with 
which  institution  he  is  at  present  associated. 


JOHN  MURRAY. 

Among  the  real  founders  and  upbuilders  of  Port  Moody  and  among  the 
men  who  have  been  active  in  inaugurating  and  shaping  its  business  and  social 
development  is  numbered  John  Murray,  who  in  1882  first  located  on  the  present 
town  site  and  who  has  resided  here  at  intervals  since  that  time.  He  is  now 
living  in  retirement,  having  earned  a  period  of  rest  and  leisure  by  many  years 
of  active  and  well  directed  labor.  He  was  born  on  board  the  ship  Thames  City, 
bound  for  Canada,  on  the  Hth  of  March,  1859,  and  is  a  son  of  Corporal  John 
and  Jane  Murray,  the  former  a  corporal  in  the  Royal  Engineers.  When  the 
regiment  disbanded  John  Murray  was  given  instead  of  a  pension  a  crown  grant 
of  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  land  in  British  Columbia  and  he  took  up  his 
residence  upon  this  property  in  1882.  This  was  afterward  surveyed  as  district 
lot  No.  201  on  the  town  site  of  Port  Moody  and  the  father  was  therefore  among 
the  founders  of  the  city.  He  died  in  April,  1905,  having  survived  his  wife  for 
several  years.  .  . 

John  Murray  acquired  his  education  in  schools  established  in  British  Colum- 
bia for  the  children  of  the  Royal  Engineers  and  he  later  became  a  student  in  the 
public  schools  of  New  Westminster,  where  his  father's  regiment  was  located. 
He  also  studied  for  a  time  at  St.  Louis  College,  New  Westminster,  and  after 
laying  aside  his  books  worked  in  the  canneries,  at  the  butcher  business  and  at 
various  other  occupations  in  different  localities.  In  1876  he  was  connected 


806  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

with  the  meat  business  at  Burrard  Inlet  but  in  1880  moved  to  Nanaimo,  where 
he  secured  a  large  and  important  trade.  In  1882  he  moved  with  his  parents 
to  the  present  site  of  Port  Moody  and  in  the  same  year  moved  to  Yale,  Brit- 
ish Columbia,  where  he  was  identified  with  the  concern  which  sup- 
plied the  meat  to  the  construction  camps  controlled  by  Harper  &  Onderdonk, 
contractors  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad.  When  he  resigned  this  connec- 
tion he  became  a  member  of  a  surveying  party  which  located  the  bridge  across 
Pitt  river  and  in  1883  he  returned  to  Port  Moody,  where  he  established  himself 
as  a  butcher,  supplying  camps  and  ships.  The  first  vessel  to  arrive  at  the  port 
was  the  Duke  of  Abercorn  bringing  the  first  steel  rails  to  the  port.  In  1883  Mr. 
Murray  journeyed  to  the  gold  fields  and  in  1886  followed  the  rush  of  prospectors 
to  Granite  creek.  In  the  latter  year  he  moved  to  Vancouver  and  entered  the  em- 
ploy of  the  British  Columbia  Cattle  Company  with  whom  he  remained  up  to  1890. 
He  has  since  resided  in  Port  Moody  and  has  engaged  in  various  occupations 
for  the  provincial  government. 

On  the  3d  of  May,  1897,  Mr.  Murray  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Clara 
Winifred  Dominy,  a  daughter  of  John  and  Mary  Dominy,  of  England.  Mr. 
Murray  is  a  lover  of  horses  and  fond  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports,  taking  a 
particular  interest  in  boating.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and 
gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party,  taking  an  intelligent  and 
active  interest  in  the  affairs  of  the  community  which  he  has  aided  so  greatly 
in  upbuilding.  Upon  the  incorporation  of  Port  Moody  in  1913  he  was  elected 
alderman  and  he  has  since  served  in  that  capacity,  discharging  his  duties  in  a 
capable  and  conscientious  way.  He  is  well  known  in  Port  Moody  as  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  city  and  one  of  the  first  promoters  of  its  social  and  business 
interests  and  his  name  is  regarded  as  practically  synonymous  with  progress  and 
advancement. 


JOHN  CHARLES  THORN. 

John  Charles  Thorn,  since  1911  president  and  managing  director  of  J.  C.  Thorn 
&  Company,  Ltd.,  and  numbered  among  the  most  enterprising,  able  and  progres- 
sive of  the  younger  generation  of  business  men  in  Vancouver,  was  born  in  Lon- 
don, England,  March  16,  1881,  and  is  a  son  of  Henry  and  Elizabeth  Thorn,  the 
latter  of  whom  has  passed  away. 

John  C.  Thorn  acquired  his  education  in  King's  College,  London,  and  after 
laying  aside  his  books  held  a  position  with  the  London  County  Council,  from 
1899  to  1902.  In  the  latter  year  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  and  settled  in  Brandon, 
Manitoba.  In  1908  he  moved  to  Vancouver  and  here  took  up  real-estate  opera- 
tions, acting  also  as  a  financial  agent.  When  J.  C.  Thorn  &  Company,  Ltd.,  was 
incorporated  in  1911  he  was  chosen  president  and  managing  director  and  this 
office  he  still  holds.  His  energy,  ability  and  resourcefulness  have  been  important 
factors  in  the  development  of  the  concern,  which  is  now  numbered  among  the 
leading  enterprises  of  its  kind  in  Vancouver.  Their  business  has  grown  so 
rapidly  that  they  recently  had  to  enlarge  their  suite  of  offices  in  the  Metropolitan 
building.  In  their  line  they  are  one  of  the  largest  concerns  in  the  province,  thor- 
oughly alive  to  business  conditions  and  extensive  advertisers,  doing  large 
volumes  of  business  in  loans,  investments,  real  estate,  improved  and  unim- 
proved, and  similar  lines.  Their  business  connections  extend  all  over  the  world 
and  they  have  patrons  and  have  concluded  successful  deals  with  people  in  Bel- 
gium, France,  England  and  even  various  cities  in  India. 

On  the  4th  of  July,  1906,  in  Brandon,  Manitoba,  Mr.  Thorn  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Blanche  Sweet,  a  daughter  of  Tom  Sweet,  of  that  city,  and 
they  have  become  the  parents  of  a  son,  Dennis.  Mr.  Thorn  belongs  to  the  Baptist 
church  and  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs.  Fraternally  he  is  connected 
with  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  he  was  for  four  and  a  half  years  a  member  of 


JOHN  C.  THORN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  809 

the  First  City  of  London  Rifle  Corps.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Legion  of 
Frontiersmen  of  Vancouver  and  has  been  made  Lieutenant  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Fusiliers  newly  organized  here.  His  attention,  however,  is  largely  concentrated 
upon  his  business  affairs,  which  are  so  ably  conducted  that,  although  he  is  yet  a 
young  man,  he  is  numbered  among  the  substantial  and  representative  business  men 
of  the  city. 


ALLEN  GOODWYN. 

Allen  Goodwyn,  who  is  in  the  employ  of  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Rail- 
way Company  at  New  Westminster,  was  called  to  his  present  position  in  October, 
1908.  Varied  and  interesting  have  been  the  experiences  which  constitute  his 
life  history,  bringing  him  into  close  connection  with  many  lines  of  development 
in  the  northwest.  He  was  born  at  Leiston  Hall,  Suffolk,  England,  in  1871,  and 
when  but  a  boy  in  his  teens  started  out  in  the  world  on  his  own  account,  becom- 
ing connected  with  the  merchant  marine  service  between  England  and  Australia. 
He  left  that  service  in  1886  and  in  September  of  the  following  year  arrived  in 
Vancouver.  He  has  since  been  a  resident  of  British  Columbia  and  for  a  time 
engaged  in  prospecting  on  the  northern  coast  range.  With  the  development  of 
the  fish  canning  industry  in  this  section  he  was  employed  by  the  British  Columbia 
Packers,  representing  Draneys  of  Namu  and  the  Cunningham  establishment  on 
Skeena  river.  He  afterward  preempted  lands  in  the  Ootsa  Lake  district,  spend- 
ing four  years  in  that  vicinity,  but  in  1907  returned  to  Vancouver  and  from 
October,  1908,  until  early  in  1913  served  as  timber  inspector  for  the  British  Col- 
umbia Electric  Railway  Company  and  since  that  time  has  been  connected  with 
the  electrical  department  of  that  company.  All  of  the  phases  of  pioneer  life 
and  frontier  development  in  the  Ootsa,  Skeena  and  coast  districts  are  familiar 
to  him  and  he  has  taken  active  and  helpful  part  in  the  work  of  progress,  aiding 
in  bringing  about  the  present  condition  of  substantial  improvement  and 
prosperity. 


DANIEL  McDOUGALL. 

Among  the  most  popular  and  prominent  citizens  of  Vancouver  is  numbered 
Daniel  McDougall,  who  is  living  retired  in  his  beautiful  home  at  1149  Beach 
avenue.  During  practically  the  entire  period  of  his  active  life  he  was  engaged 
in  railroading  and  after  1877  was  in  the  employ  of  what  is  now  the  Canadian 
Pacific,  one  of  the  most  trusted  representatives  of  that  great  corporation.  He 
assisted  in  making  railroad  hist&ry  in  this  province  and  elsewhere  and  practically 
witnessed  the  development  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  system.  He  was  born  on 
Prince  Edward  Island,  May  7,  1850,  and  is  a  son  of  Archibald  and  Christie 
McDougall,  the  former  for  many  years  a  carpenter  and  farmer.  Both  have 
passed  away. 

Daniel  McDougall  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Prince 
Edward  Island  and  at  an  early  age  turned  his  attention  to  railroading,  securing 
employment  on  the  Intercolonial  Railroad  in  the  department  of  construction. 
When  its  lines  were  completed  he  was  employed  in  the  shops  as  a  wiper  and 
spare  fireman  for  four  years  and  then,  in  1877,  came  to  British  Columbia,  in 
the  employ  of  what  is  now  the  Canadian  Pacific.  He  was  first  a  fireman  at 
Fort  William  and  later  had  charge  of  an  engine,  acting  in  this  capacity  until 
1880,  when  he  was  transferred  to  Winnipeg.  In  1883,  with  the  construction  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  westward,  he  was  again  transferred  to  this  province  and 
was  for  four  years  engineer  in  the  shops  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  at  Yale.  In 
1887  he  was  sent  to  the  Vancouver  shops,  becoming  engineer  there  at  a  time 


810  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

when  the  motive  power  of  the  shops  was  furnished  by  a  railroad  locomotive. 
During  the  period  of  his  connection  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  in  Vancouver  Mr. 
McDougall  witnessed  a  great  many  changes  and  improvements,  seeing  the  shops 
develop  from  their  crude  beginnings  into  the  present  perfectly  equipped  and 
modern  plant.  Mr.  McDougall  is  one  of  the  earliest  employes  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific,  for  he  fired,  wiped  and  ran  the  first  engine  on  that  line  into  Fort  Wil- 
liam in  1877  and  in  1881  he  drew  the  first  salary  paid  by  the  company  in  Winni- 
peg. He  retained  his  connection  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  for  many  years,  but 
finally,  wishing  to  engage  in  business  for  himself,  turned  his  attention  to  dairy- 
ing, following  that  line  of  work  until  September  5,  1911,  when  he  disposed  of  his 
interests  and  retired  from  active  life.  He  has  been  very  successful  in  his  invest- 
ments in  real  estate  and  has  accumulated  a  comfortable  fortune,  which  enables 
him  to  spend  his  declining  years  in  rest  and  leisure  in  his  beautiful  home  at  1149 
Beach  avenue. 

In  1884,  in.  Victoria,  Mr.  McDougall  married  Miss  Effie  McLeod,  a  daughter 
of  Angus  and  Christie  McLeod,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away.  Mr.  and 
Airs.  McDougall  became  the  parents  of  six  children,  two  sons  and  four  daugh- 
ters. Mr.  McDougall  belongs  to  the  Presbyterian  church  and  is  a  charter  member 
of  the  Loyal  Orange  lodge.  He  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conserva- 
tive party.  Few  men  in  Vancouver  are  more  popular  or  more  widely  known 
than  he,  for  he  has  been  a  resident  of  the  city  for  well  over  a  quarter  of  a 
century  and  during  that  time  his  sterling  integrity  and  his  genuine  personal 
worth  have  greatly  endeared  him  to  many  friends. 


JAMES  McGEORGE  DALE. 

A  spirit  of  enterprise,  initiative  and  progress,  guided  and  controlled  by  sound 
and  practical  business  judgment,  has  formed  the  salient  element  in  the  success 
of  James  McGeorge  Dale  and  has  brought  him  today  to  a  place  among  the 
valued  and  worthy  citizens  of  Hammond  where  he  makes  his  home.  For  over 
a  quarter  of  a  century,  beginning  in  pioneer  times,  he  was  identified  in  a  close 
and  important  way  with  mercantile  interests  of  the  town,  as  the  proprietor  of  a 
large  general  store  and  he  developed  this  enterprise  along  modern  and  construc- 
tive lines,  its  growth  keeping  pace  with  that  of  the  community.  The  years  have 
brought  him  success,  prominence  and  substantial  fortune  and  he  has  now  retired 
from  active  business  life,  having  won  rest  and  comfort  by  well  directed  work 
in  the  past. 

Mr.  Dale  was  born  in  Big  River,  Wisconsin,  October  5,  1857,  and  is  a  son  of 
John  L.  and  Mazie  Dale,  the  former  for  some  years  a  lawyer  in  Wisconsin. 
The  family  afterwards  removed  to  the  state  of  Tennessee  and  after  two  years 
to  Washington,  following  two  of  the  elder  brothers  of  the  subject  of  this  review 
who  had  preceded  them.  Both  parents  died  in  that  state.  In  the  acquirement 
of  an  education  James  McGeorge  Dale  attended  public  school  in  Wisconsin  and 
Tennessee  and  came  with  the  remainder  of  the  family  to  Washington  where  for 
seven  years  thereafter  he  worked  as  a  laborer.  Thinking  to  better  himself  he 
moved  at  the  end  of  that  time  to  British  Columbia  and  settled  in  1889  in  Ham- 
mond where  he  has  since  remained  an  honored  and  respected  resident.  He 
turned  his  attention  to  the  general  mercantile  business  and  in  this  line  of  work, 
in  which  many  others  had  failed  before  him,  succeeded  because  he  studied  his 
market,  analyzed  existing  conditions  and  conducted  his  concern  in  accordance 
with  them.  In  addition  to  selling  his  merchandise  he  busied  himself  finding  a 
market  for  the  produce  of  the  farmers  and  his  success  in  so  doing  formed  the 
first  stepping  stone  to  prosperity.  In  those  early  days  ready  money  was  very 
scarce  and  it  was  often  necessary  for  the  storekeeper  to  carry  the  farmers  on 
credit  until  the  crop  of  the  ranch  was  disposed  of.  Recognizing  this  necessity 


JAMES  M.  DA  LI! 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  813 

Mr.  Dale  extended  credit  freely  and  wisely,  for  he  was  a  good  judge  of  men 
and  character  and  he  consequently  became  the  trusted  friend  of  all  those  among 
whom  he  lived  and  did  business.  He  never  lost  anything  by  having  confidence 
in  his  customers  and  his  store  grew  rapidly,  keeping  pace  with  the  development 
of  Hammond  which  at  the  time  of  his  arrival  was  a  mere  hamlet  and  which  is 
now  one  of  the  thriving  villages  of  the  province.  In  1912  Mr.  Dale  disposed 
of  his  business  enterprise  and  retired  to  private  life,  making  his  home  in  one  of 
the  most  beautiful  residences  in  Hammond. 

On  the  3d  of  April,  1888,  Mr.  Dale  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Fannie 
Smith,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Fannie  Smith,  the  former  a  well  known 
farmer  of  the  Cloverdale  district.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dale  have  five  children :  Wil- 
liam, Lena  May,  Russell,  Alger  and  Claude  Cecil. 

Mr.  Dale  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  is  a  conservative  in  his 
political  beliefs,  interested  in  the  growth  and  welfare  of  his  town  without  being 
active  as  an  office  seeker.  No  progressive  or  constructive  public  movement  seeks 
his  aid  in  vain,  and  since  pioneer  times  he  has  been  a  force  in  development,  his 
ability,  resourcefulness  and  enterprising  spirit  being  counted  among  important 
community  assets.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen, 
the  Loyal  Order  of  Orange  and  a  Scottish  Rite  Mason,  and  is  a  man  of  wide  inter- 
ests, of  force,  experience  and  capacity.  Those  who  know  him  personally  find 
him  courteous,  genial  and  good-natured  and  he  has  many  friends  in  this  com- 
munity, which  numbers  him  among  its  most  representative  and  valued  citizens. 


FREDERICK  ADAMS  NICKELLS. 

Victoria  numbers  among  its  most  important  industrial  concerns  that  con- 
trolled by  Lemon,  Gonnason  &  Company,  Ltd.,  manufacturers  of  sashes  and 
doors  and  all  building  supplies  in  lumber  and  glass,  and  it  ranks  among  the 
men  whose  energy,  initiative  and  resourcefulness  have  been  factors  in  the  growth 
of  the  institution  Frederick  Adams  Nickells  who  for  many  years  has  been  secre- 
tary and  treasurer.  He  was  born  in  Liverpool,  England,  April  26,  1868,  the 
second  of  two  sons  in  a  family  of  six  children  born  to  John  and  Mary  (Jones) 
Nickells,  the  former  a  native  of  Devonshire  and  the  latter  of  Liverpool.  The 
father  was  a  sea  captain  during  the  greater  part  of  his  life,  following  this  occu- 
pation while  a  resident  of  England.  After  coming  to  Victoria,  in  1886,  he 
conducted  a  school  oi  navigation  for  about  five  years,  later  engaging  in  the 
buying,  selling  and  renting  of  pleasure  craft.  His  death  occurred  in  1909,  when 
he  was  seventy-two  years  of  age,  and  his  wife  survives  him,  making  her  home 
in  Victoria  with  her  daughter,  Mrs.  D.  S.  Gray.  The  Nickells  family  is  of  Eng- 
lish origin,  the  paternal  grandparents  having  been  natives  of  England,  the  grand- 
father engaging  in  the  fishing  industry.  The  maternal  branch  comes  from 
Wales,  but  the  maternal  grandfather  was  for  many  years  a  resident  of  Liver- 
pool, where  he  served  as  superintendent  of  one  of  the  dry  docks  until  his  death. 

Frederick  Adams  Nickells  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  and  grammar 
schools  of  his  native  city  and  after  completing  his  studies  entered  the  service 
of  a  large  shipping  concern  there,  serving  an  apprenticeship,  of  five  years  in  the 
clerical  department.  He  afterward  engaged  in  business  independently  in  Liver- 
pool under  the  name  of  the  Liverpool  Enameling  Works.  This  enterprise  he 
conducted  successfully  for  two  years  and  then,  in  1888,  came  to  Canada,  locating 
in  Victoria  and  following  various  occupations  for  six  months  thereafter.  At 
the  end  of  that  time  he  accepted  a  position  with  the  W.  P.  Sayward  Lumber 
Company,  now  the  Canadian  Puget  Sound  Lumber  Company,  as  bookkeeper, 
and  he  remained  in  that  capacity  for  two  years.  He  resigned  at  the  end  of  that 
time,  but  reentered  the  employ  of  this  concern  a  year  or  two  later,  occupying 
his  former  position  as  bookkeeper  for  ten  years  thereafter.  Upon  the  expiration 
of  that  time  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Lemon,  Gonnason  Company  as  book- 

Vol.  Ill— 28 


814  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

keeper.  Three  years  later,  when  the  company  was  reorganized  and  incorporated, 
he  became  secretary  and  treasurer  and  a  partner  in  the  concern.  Lemon,  Gonna- 
son  &  Company,  Ltd.,  are  manufacturers  of  sash  and  doors  and  all  kinds  of 
building  supplies  made  from  lumber  and  glass,  and  they  control  a  large  patronage 
along  these  lines.  It  was  organized  in  1891  with  a  capital  of  ten  thousand  dol- 
lars and  a  working  force  of  twenty  men.  It  has  grown  continuously  since  that 
time  and  the  plant  has  been  added  to  at  intervals,  and  it  is  today  a  limited  com- 
pany with  a  capital  stock  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  and  one 
hundred  and  ten  skilled  laborers  in  the  various  departments.  As  secretary  and 
treasurer  of  this  concern  Mr.  Nickells  occupies  an  important  position,  one  which 
calls  for  tact,  resourcefulness  and  enterprise,  and  his  excellent  work  in  this 
capacity  has  been  a  valuable  asset  in  the  development  of  the  business. 

On  the  1 8th  of  July,  1899,  in  Nelson,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Nickells  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Batchelor,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Annie 
(Cooper)  Batchelor,  natives  of  Manchester,  England,  where  the  father  carried 
on  the  grocery  business  for  a  number  of  years.  He  came  to  Canada  and  located 
in  Victoria  in  1884  and  turned  his  attention  to  the  butcher  business,  later  resum- 
ing his  former  occupation.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Nickells  are  the  parents  of  two  chil- 
dren, Benjamin  Ernest  and  John  Frederick.  Mrs.  Nickells  is  an  accomplished 
artist  in  water  color  and  is  also  interested  in  horticulture,  the  value  of  her  efforts 
along  this  line  being  evident  in  the  attractive  appearance  of  the  grounds  sur- 
rounding the  beautiful  Nickells'  home  at  No.  1374  Richardson  street. 

Mr.  Nickells  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  a  stanch  conserva- 
tive, holding  membership  in  the  Victoria  Conservative  Association.  He  belongs 
to  Victoria  Lodge,  No.  2  B.  P.  O.  E.,  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  and  the 
Hoo  Hoos.  He  is  identified  also  with  the  Royal  Victoria  Yacht  Club  and  the 
Camosun  Club.  He  is  fond  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports  and  spends  a  great 
many  of  his  leisure  hours  boating,  motoring  and  fishing,  although  much  of  his 
time  is  occupied  in  research  work  along  historical  lines.  In  business  circles  he 
is  known  as  a  far-sighted  and  progressive  business  man,  and  throughout  his 
active  career  has  made  good  use  of  his  time  and  opportunities  with  the  result 
that  he  has  attained  gratifying  individual  success  and  aided  in  the  building  up 
of  one  of  the  most  important  industrial  institutions  in  Victoria. 


JOHN   THOMAS   ROBINSON. 

The  worth  and  fidelity  of  John  Thomas  Robinson  in  positions  of  public  trust 
is  indicated  by  the  fact  that  he  has  served  continuously  as  mayor  of  Kamloops 
since  1908,  and  those  activities  which  affect  the  municipal  welfare  and  indicate 
the  moral  progress  and  material  development  of  the  city  receive  his  indorsement 
and  hearty  support,  his  work  being  constructive  and  progressive.  He  was  born 
at  Elma,  Ontario,  May  24,  1868,  and  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  and  high 
schools  of  Listowel,  in  the  same  province.  In  1881  he  entered  the  office  of  the 
Listowel  Standard  and  there  learned  the  printing  trade,  afterward  going  to  Can- 
nington  and  Orillia,  where  he  worked  at  this  line  of  occupation  for  a  number  of 
years.  In  1888  he  joined  his  brother  in  the  purchase  of  the  Cannington  Gleaner 
and  continued  to  edit  this  publication  until  September,  1896,  when  he  purchased 
the  Daily  News  at  Berlin,  a  journal  which  he  conducted  for  eight  months.  At 
the  end  of  that  time  he  came  west,  influenced  by  enthusiastic  reports  of  the  wealth 
of  this  section  of  Canada.  He  made  his  home  in  Kamloops  in  the  early  part 
of  1897  and  here  established  the  Standard  Printing  &  Publishing  Company,  con- 
tinuing as  its  managing  director  for  a  year  and  a  half.  At  the  end  of  that  time 
he  established  himself  in  the  real-estate  business,  in  which  he  has  since  engaged. 
His  fair  dealing  and  earnest  desire  to  please  his  patrons  have  constituted  salient 
features  in  his  success,  bringing  him  a  liberal  patronage  and  a  business  of  in- 
creasing importance.  His  interests  are  at  all  times  capably  conducted,  for  he 


JOHN  T.  EOBINSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  817 

has  recognized  and  utilized  all  the  opportunities  for  success  which  have  come 
to  him. 

On  the  9th  of  January,  1897,  Mr.  Robinson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Maggie  S.  Thorald,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  F.  E.  Thorald,  of  Cannington,  Ontario,  and 
they  have  two  children.  Mr.  Robinson  is  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of 
Odd  Fellows,  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters. 
He  holds  also  a  prominent  position  in  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose.  He  is  a 
director  of  the  Sanitarium  and  the  Royal  Inland  Hospital  of  Kamloops  and  was 
a  lieutenant  of  the  Thirty-fourth  Battalion,  having  graduated  in  1893  from  the 
Military  College  at  Toronto. 

Mr.  Robinson's  political  indorsement  is  given  to  the  conservative  party  and 
from  an  early  date  he  has  been  an  active  factor  in  public  affairs.  His  public  life 
began  when  he  was  but  twenty-two  years  of  age,  when,  at  the  conservative  con- 
vention in  1891,  he  was  named  as  a  candidate  for  membership  in  the  house  of 
commons.  He  received  the  nomination  but  declined  it  on  account  of  his  age. 
In  1904  he  was  again  a  candidate  in  the  convention  against  the  Hon.  Martin 
Burrill  and  W.  T.  Shafford,  Mr.  Burrill  being  nominated.  Mr.  Robinson  was 
elected  alderman  of  Kamloops  in  1904  and  again  in  1906,  resigning  the  office  in 
January,  1908,  when  he  was  elected  mayor,  in  which  office  he  has  since  continued. 
He  possesses  the  executive  force  of  a  capable  administrator  and  under  his  direc- 
tion the  town  has  prospered  and  grown,  for  his  influence  is  ever  on  the  side  of 
progress  and  reform.  For  two  years  he  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  investiga- 
tion of  the  Water  Acts  of  1909.  His  many  fine  qualities  of  mind  and  character 
and  his  genuine  personal  worth  have  gained  him  a  wide  circle  of  friends  in  this 
community  and  the  high  regard  in  which  he  is  uniformly  held  entitles  him  to  a 
place  among  the  representative  and  honored  citizens. 


THOMAS  JOSEPH  SULLIVAN. 

The  keenness  and  discrimination  which  Thomas  Joseph  Sullivan  displays  in 
the  conduct  of  his  business  interests,  his  energy,  resourcefulness  and  well  timed 
aggressiveness  have  made  him  one  of  the  leading  business  men  of  the  Surrey 
district,  where  as  managing  director  of  the  Surrey  Shingle  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, Ltd.,  and  president  of  the  Sullivan  &  Hyland  Lumber  Company,  Ltd.,  he 
is  in  control  of  extensive  and  important  industrial  interests.  His  civic  loyalty, 
his  progressive  spirit  and  his  interest  in  municipal  development  have  in  addition 
carried  him  forward  into  important  relations  with  public  affairs  and  have  made 
him  a  moving  spirit  in  the  advancement  of  community  interests,  his  present 
position  as  reeve  of  the  Surrey  municipality  affording  him  an  excellent  field  for 
his  well  directed  activities. 

Mr.  Sullivan  was  born  in  Huron  county,  Ontario,  May  10,  1867,  and  is  a 
son  of  Jeremiah  and  Ellen  (Brown)  Sullivan,  the  former  a  son  of  Thomas 
Sullivan,  who  emigrated  from  Ireland  to  Syracuse,  New  York,  in  1847.  After 
remaining  there  for  one  year  he  removed  to  Ashfield  township,  Huron  county, 
Ontario,  where  he  engaged  in  farming  until  his  death,  in  1906.  His  son,  Jere- 
miah, was  born  in  Syracuse,  New  York,  removing  as  an  infant  with  his  parents 
to  Huron  county,  where  he  grew  to  manhood.  He  afterward  engaged  in  farm- 
ing there  for  a  number  of  years  and  finally  retired  from  active  life.  He  still 
makes  his  residence  in  Huron  county. 

Thomas  Joseph  Sullivan  was  reared  upon  his  father's  farm,  acquiring  his 
education  in  the  schools  of  Ashfield  township.  He  afterward  assisted  with  the 
operation  of  the  homestead  until  he  was  twenty-five  years  of  age,  after  which 
he  turned  his  attention  to  farming  for  himself,  continuing  thus  for  two  years. 
In  1894  he  went  to  Denver,  Colorado,  where  he  worked  in  the  smelters  for  about 
six  months,  after  which  he  spent  a  similar  period  prospecting  in  the  Cripple 
Creek  district.  Afterward  he  moved  to  Leadville,  Colorado,  where  he  engaged 


818  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

in  mining  and  where  he  met  with  an  accident  which  crippled  him  for  life.  He 
was  in  the  hospital  at  Leadville  for  two  months  and  was  then  sent  to  a  Chicago 
hospital.  After  his  recovery  he  returned  to  Huron  county,  where  he  rested 
for  one  year.  In  1898  he  went  to  northern  Michigan,  where  he  worked  in  a 
sawmill,  learning  steam  engineering  and  saw  filing.  When  this  concern  closed 
out  for  the  winter,  Mr.  Sullivan  moved  to  Camden,  Arkansas,  where  he  engaged 
in  sawmill  ing  for  one  year.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  removed  to  Chicago 
and  thence  to  Post  Falls,  Idaho,  where  he  had  charge  of  a  sawmill  for  a  short 
time.  He  spent  the  winter  of  that  year  at  Everett,  Washington,  and  then  learned 
from  his  brother,  who  had  cruised  the  forests  of  British  Columbia,  of  the  possi- 
bilities of  the  lumber  industry  in  this  province. 

In  February,  1903,  he  removed  here  and  with  Henry  B.  Sullivan  acquired 
timber  limits  in  what  is  now  the  municipality  of  Surrey.  They  located  their  mills 
about  twelve  miles  from  New  Westminster  and  around  them  the  little  town  of 
Sullivan  grew  up.  The  brothers  incorporated  their  business  as  the  Surrey  Shingle 
Manufacturing  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which  Henry  B.  Sullivan  became  president 
and  Thomas  Joseph  Sullivan  managing  director.  He  continues  in  this  office  at 
the  present  time  and  has  been  a  helpful  factor  in  the  development  of  the  busi- 
ness, which  is  today  one  of  the  most  important  lumber  concerns  in  that  part  of 
British  Columbia.  The  brothers  at  first  devoted  all  of  their  time  to  the  manu- 
facture of  shingles  but  they  are  now  interested  also  in  the  manufacture  of  rough 
lumber.  They  employ  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  men  and  the  daily  output 
of  their  factory  is  one  hundred  and  sixty  thousand  shingles  and  thirty-five  thou- 
sand feet  of  lumber.  They  have  not  only  acquired  large  timber  limits  but  have 
also  accumulated  extensive  landed  holdings  and  carry  on  farming  on  a  large 
scale,  having  about  two  hundred  and  twenty-five  acres  planted  in  hay  at  the 
present  time.  They  have  practically  built  up  the  town  of  Sullivan  and  own  some 
of  the  most  important  institutions  there,  the  community  representing  the  results 
of  their  energy  and  ambition. 

In  addition  to  his  connection  with  the  Surrey  Shingle  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, Ltd.,  Thomas  J.  Sullivan  has  other  important  interests  of  a  similar  char- 
acter, for  the  field  of  his  activities  has  steadily  widened  with  the  passing  years. 
In  1906  he  organized  the  Sullivan  &  Hyland  Lumber  Company,  Ltd.,  of  which 
he  became  president,  the  other  members  of  the  company  being  Thomas  E. 
Hyland  and  Henry  B.  and  Jeremiah  B.  Sullivan.  This  company  carried  on  exten- 
sive operations  in  logging  and  in  timber  lands  in  Surrey  for  a  number  of  years 
and  are  now  large  operators  in  the  coast  country.  The  business  has  expanded 
rapidly  and  has  reached  gratifying  proportions  at  the  present  time,  the  concern 
being  numbered  among  the  important  industrial  factors  in  this  locality.  Mr. 
Sullivan  of  this  review  is  also  president  of  the  Otter  Shingle  Company,  Ltd., 
which  operates  a  shingle  mill  at  Langley,  British  Columbia. 

Thomas  J.  Sullivan  married,  November  20,  1907,  Miss  Dora  Woempner, 
a  daughter  of  Charles  Woempner,  of  Iron  River,  Michigan,  and  they  have  become 
the  parents  of  two  children,  Thomas  and  Marie.  The  family  are  members  of 
the  Roman  Catholic  church. 

Mr.  Sullivan's  interests  have  extended  to  many  fields  but  have  always  been 
along  lines  of  progress  and  advancement.  Since  taking  up  his  residence  here 
he  has  been  a  potent  factor  in  political  and  civic  life  and  one  of  the  leading  and 
active  spirits  in  the  promotion  of  projects  pertaining  to  the  development  of  this 
section  of  the  province.  He  has  been  connected  with  the  local  government  for 
the  past  seven  years,  serving  as  councilman  for  three  years  and  for  the  past  four 
years  as  reeve  of  the  municipality.  His  administration  has  been  characterized 
by  the  accomplishment  of  a  great  deal  of  constructive  work  and  by  the  inaugu- 
ration of  many  needed  reforms  and  improvements.  Mr.  Sullivan  took  a  leading 
part  in  the  formation  of  the  Surrey  dyke  commission,  of  which  he  has  been  presi- 
dent since  its  organization.  The  activity  of  this  commission  has  resulted  in  the 
building  of  great  concrete  dams  at  a  cost  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Nicomeki  and  Serpentine  rivers,  where  they  empty  into 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  819 

Boundary  bay.  These  dams  and  dykes  control  the  tide  waters  of  the  ocean 
and  reclaim  some  one  hundred  and  thirty  thousand  acres  of  the  most  fertile  land 
in  British  Columbia.  Mr.  Sullivan  has  been  one  of  the  greatest  individual  forces 
in  the  accomplishment  of  this  work,  the  importance  of  which  can  be  readily  seen, 
and  in  other  fields  of  public  service  he  has  been  equally  prominent,  his  coopera- 
tion being  always  readily  and  heartily  given  to  progressive  movements.  His 
contributions  to  public  growth  and  industrial  advancement  have  been  many 
and  substantial  during  the  past  ten  years  and  he  has  won  wide  recognition  as  a 
capable  business  man  and  a  public-spirited  citizen. 


JOHN  MORTON. 

A  long  and  practical  career  well  fits  John  Morton  for  the  position  he  now 
holds  in  connection  with  the  city  government  of  Vancouver  as  superintendent 
of  streets.  He  was  born  in  Pathhead,  Fifeshire,  Scotland,  on  March  14,  1867, 
and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Isabella  Morton,  both  members  of  old  Scotch  fam- 
ilies. 

John  Morton  received  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Glasgow,  Scot- 
land, and  in  London,  England.  After  leaving  school  he  decided  to  seek  his 
fortune  in  the  colonies  and  sailed  for  Australia  and  New  Zealand,  where  for 
several  years  he  worked  at  his  trade  of  carpenter  and  joiner.  Returning  to  Eng- 
land in  about  1890,  he  remained  in  the  mother  country  about  eighteen  months 
and  then  came  to  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  where  he  worked  for  six  months  before 
coming  to  Vancouver,  which  city  has  been  his  home  for  over  twenty  years.  For 
a  time  he  was  employed  here  but  later  engaged  independently  in  the  building  and 
contracting  business  for  several  years.  In  February,  1910,  his  ability  received 
public  recognition  in  his  appointment  to  his  present  office  of  city  superintendent 
of  streets.  He  had  previously  done  valuable  service  in  the  interest  of  the 
public  good,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Vancouver  for  about 
six  years. 

The  marriage  of  Mr.  Morton  to  Miss  Eleanor,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Frederick  Neville,  occurred  in  London,  England  on  June  7,  1890.  The  Nevilles 
are  an  old  and  distinguished  English  family.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Morton  have  six 
children:  Isabella,  Ina,  Wilfrid,  Alexander,  James  and  Dorothy. 

Mr.  Morton  is  a  member  of  the  Commercial  Club  and  in  that  organization  can 
be  ever  found  in  the  front  ranks  with  those  who  have  at  heart  the  welfare  and 
expansion  of  the  city.  He  has  done  much  toward  improving  the  streets  of 
Vancouver  and  never  has  the  slightest  shadow  of  taint  or  suspicion  fallen  upon 
his  administration  of  the  office.  On  the  contrary,  he  is  recognized  as  one  of 
the  most  faithful  officials  Vancouver  has  ever  had  the  fortune  to  have  in  her 
service  and  he  well  merits  the  confidence  and  regard  which  he  enjoys  on  every 
hand. 


GARNET  STUART  CORBETT. 


A  native  of  New  Westminster,  Garnet  Stuart  Corbett  at  present  holds  a 
position  with  an  engineering  party  of  the  Pacific  Great  Eastern  Railway  at 
Eagle  Harbor,  British  Columbia,  which  company  he  joined  in  July  1913,  after 
several  years  experience  with  other  roads.  He  was  born  March  13,  1891,  and 
is  a  son  of  William  J.  and  Mary  (Sutherland)  Corbett,  the  former  born  in  Kings- 
ton, Ontario,  and  the  latter  in  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia.  His  father,  after  several 
years  of  roaming  through  the  Western  Provinces  and  the  western  states  came 
to  New  Westminster,  where  he  engaged  in  the  plumbing  and  tinsmithing  trades, 
later  taking  up  the  Canadian  immigration  service  at  White  Rock,  British  Col- 


820  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

umbia  which  post  he  held  for  five  years.  Always  greatly  interested  in  military 
affairs,  he  was  a  member  of  the  first  battery  of  artillery  in  New  Westminster  and 
subsequently  of  the  Sixth  Duke  of  Connaught's  Own  Regiment,  from  which 
corps  he  retired  with  the  rank  of  captain. 

Garnet  S.  Corbett  received  his  education  at  the  Central  public  school  and 
the  Royal  City  High  School,  graduating  with  the  class  of  1907.  He  passed  the 
first  year's  arts  or  senior  matriculation  of  Toronto  University  in  1909  from  the 
same  high  school  and  is  in  possession  of  the  governor  general's  medal  for  grad- 
uating first  that  year  out  of  the  Royal  City  High  School.  Since  entering  upon 
his  active  career  he  has  been  connected  with  engineering  work  and  in  the  dis- 
charge of  his  duties  has  already  exhibited  an  ability  which  promises  well  for 
the  future.  Like  his  father,  he  is  interested  in  things  military  and  has  for  three 
years  served  as  private  in  the  Sixth  Duke  of  Connaught's  Own  Regiment  and 
for  the  past  three  years  has  been  identified  with  the  One  Hundred  and  Fourth 
Regiment,  Canadian  Infantry,  better  known  as  the  "Westminster  Fusiliers." 
He  now  holds  the  rank  of  sergeant.  Politically  he  gives  a  general  allegiance  to 
the  liberal  party,  although  he  reserves  independent  judgment  in  particular  cases. 
Fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  New  Westminster  Post,  No.  4,  Native  Sons  of 
British  Columbia.  An  aggressive  and  active  young  man  of  natural  ability,  his 
record  thus  far  gives  promise  of  a  distinguished  career. 


JAMES  ALLAN  GRAHAME. 

Canadian  history,  embracing  commercial  development  and  civilizing  influences, 
has  its  root  in  the  work  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  and  the  enterprising 
men  who  inaugurated  and  controlled  its  affairs.  A  great  system,  embracing  all 
the  features  of  military  organization  with  business  enterprise,  was  taking  advantage 
of  the  opportunities  offered  in  this  land  for  fur  trading.  Its  representatives  were 
not  a  class  of  adventurers :  they  who  were  in  control  of  its  interests  in  America 
were  men  of  splendid  business  capacity,  of  sound  judgment,  of  keen  discernment 
and  of  unfaltering  enterprise,  and  in  the  establishment  of  the  great  commercial 
undertaking  with  which  they  were  connected  they  also  laid  the  foundations  of 
Canada's  civilization  and  its  present  progress  and  prosperity.  Prominent  in  this 
connection  was  James  Allan  Grahame,  whose  last  days  were  spent  in  honorable 
and  well  earned  retirement  in  Victoria.  He  was  born  December  22,  1825,  at 
Raeburn  Place,  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  his  parents  being  James  and  Lillias  (Allan) 
Grahame,  the  former  well  known  as  a  writer  and  contributor  to  the  Signet. 

While  pursuing  an  academic  course  of  study  James  A.  Grahame  was  a  class- 
mate of  Sir  John  Reid,  R.  N.,  for  many  years  a  resident  of  Vancouver.  He  was 
eighteen  years  of  age  when  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company 
as  an  apprentice  clerk  under  contract  for  five  years  with  a  progressive  salary 
of  twenty,  twenty-five,  thirty,  forty  and  fifty  pounds  per  annum.  On  one  of  the 
company's  sailing  vessels  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  in  1843,  arrived  at  Hudson's 
Bay  and  thence  traveled  overland  by  way  of  Norway  House  to  Fort  Garry,  where 
he  spent  the  succeeding  winter.  He  performed  all  the  duties  incident  to  his  position 
and  gradually  increased  in  usefulness,  so  that  larger  responsibilities  were  given 
over  to  his  care.  Having  been  appointed  to  the  Pacific  coast  department,  he  crossed 
the  continent  accompanied  by  Joseph  McKay  and  others,  journeying  by  way  of 
Edmonton  and  Yellowhead  Pass  and  down  the  Columbia  river  to  old  Fort  Van- 
couver, Washington,  where  was  located  the  principal  depot  of  the  company,  then 
in  charge  of  Dr.  John  McLoughlin,  who  was  succeeded  by  Sir  James  Douglas.  On 
the  site  of  the  present  city  of  Portland,  Oregon,  Mr.  Grahame  first  met  the  Hon. 
M.  T.  W.  Drake,  later  of  Victoria,  and  this  constituted  the  beginning  of  a  friend- 
ship that  endured  as  long  as  life  lasted. 

In  1853  Mr.  Grahame  was  promoted  to  the  position  of  chief  trader  and  con- 
tinued at  Fort  Vancouver  until  1860  or  until  the  dispute  between  Great  Britain 


JAMES  A.  GRAHAME 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  823 

and  the  United  States  concerning  the  boundary  line  was  settled.  He  then  closed 
up  the  affairs  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  at  that  place  and  turned  over  the 
fort  to  the  United  States  military  authorities,  after  which  he  made  his  way  north- 
ward to  Victoria,  which  city  he  had  previously  visited  on  several  occasions.  Later 
in  the  same  year,  however,  he  started  for  his  native  land,  traveling  by  way  of 
the  Panama  route.  He  made  an  extended  visit  in  Great  Britain  and  during  that 
period  his  eighteen  years  of  able  administrative  efficiency  and  loyalty  were  rewarded 
by  promotion  to  the  rank  of  chief  factor.  The  following  year  he  returned  to  the 
new  world  and,  traveling  by  way  of  Montreal  and  St.  Paul,  eventually  reached  the 
Norway  House  department  at  the  north  end  of  Lake  Winnipeg,  one  of  the  com- 
pany's most  important  posts,  there  assuming  charge  as  chief  factor.  In  1867  he 
again  visited  British  Columbia,  traveling  by  way  of  New  York,  Panama  and  San 
Francisco,  and  while  en  route  he  participated  in  the  ceremonies  commemorating 
the  birthday  of  the  confederation  at  Hamilton,  Ontario.  On  his  arrival  he  at 
once  took  charge  at  Quesnelle  and  Fort  St.  James,  New  Caledonia,  and  brought 
to  bear  the  same  systematic  and  progressive  management  in  the  conduct  of  the 
company's  interests  at  this  place  that  he  had  previously  displayed.  In  1869  ne  was 
summoned  to  London  and  crossed  the  country  over  the  Central  Pacific,  which  was 
the  first  trans-continental  railway  opened.  He  completed  the  journey  from  Victoria 
to  London  in  nineteen  and  a  half  days,  being  the  quickest  passage  on  record  up 
to  that  time.  He  was  in  England  at  the  time  the  first  Riel  rebellion  occurred. 

Mr.  Grahame  again  came  to  Canada  in  May,  1870,  at  which  time  he  assumed 
entire  charge  of  the  interests  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  on  the  Pacific  coast. 
In  1872  he  was  once  more  called  to  London  and,  traveling  over  the  Union  Pacific 
Railroad,  encountered  the  terrific  snowstorms  of  that  memorable  winter,  the 
journey  from  San  Francisco  to  New  York  consuming  twenty-six  days.  Upon 
his  return  to  America  in  May  of  the  same  year  he  saw  the  ruins  wrought  by  the 
great  Chicago  fire  which  had  occurred  in  the  previous  October.  While  in  London 
Mr.  Grahame  had  been  promoted  to  the  position  of  sub-commissioner,  which  rank 
he  retained  until  1874,  when  he  was  once  more  called  to  London  and  was  appointed 
chief  commissioner  with  headquarters  at  Fort  Garry,  now  Winnipeg.  He  entered 
upon  the  duties  of  that  position  on  the  ist  of  June,  following  the  retirement  of 
Hon.  Donald  A.  Smith,  now  Lord  Strathcona  and  Mount  Royal.  During  the 
period  of  his  management  as  chief  commissioner,  the  building  of  railways,  the 
influx  of  immigration,  the  adjustment  of  tariffs  and  customs  worked  a  revo- 
lution in  the  company's  business  and  furnished  opportunity  for  the  exercise  of 
his  unusual  and  superior  administrative  faculties.  He  remained  as  chief  com- 
missioner until  1884,  when  he  retired  and  removed  to  Montreal.  After  three  years 
he  came  to  Victoria,  where  he  lived  continuously  from  1887  until  his  death,  one 
of  the  honored  and  respected  citizens  of  the  province  whose  life  work  was  one  of 
recognized  value  in  the  development  and  civilization  of  the  country. 

Mr.  Grahame  was  married  twice.  He  first  wedded  a  daughter  of  the  late 
Chief  Trader  Birnie,  and  one  surviving  son,  James  Ogden  Grahame,  is  now  a 
resident  of  Victoria.  His  second  wife,  who  survives  him,  was  a  daughter  of  the 
late  Hon.  John  Work  and  is  a  niece  of  the  Hon.  David  Work,  Canada's  oldest 
senator.  Of  the  children  of  this  marriage,  Harry  M.  Grahame,  former  alderman 
of  Victoria,  and  two  daughters,  Lillian  and  Margaret,  survive. 

Mr.  Grahame's  prominent  position  with  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  made 
him  known  throughout  the  Canadian  provinces  and  his  acquaintance  also  broadened 
through  his  Masonic  connections,  for  he  was  one  of  the  most  prominent  represent- 
atives of  the  order  on  the  Pacific  coast.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the 
grand  lodge  of  British  Columbia  and  in  1872  served  as  deputy  grand  master,  his 
removal  to  Manitoba  preventing  him  from  receiving  further  honors  in  that  con- 
nection. He  joined  the  craft  in  Multnomah  Lodge,  No.  i,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  at  Oregon 
City,  Oregon,  was  there  also  a  member  of  Clackamas  Chapter,  No.  2,  R.  A.  M., 
and  likewise  belonged  to  California  Commandery,  K.  T.,  of  San  Francisco.  In 
early  days  he  served  as  master  of  the  lodge  at  Fort  Vancouver  and  he  was  an 
honorary  member  of  the  Vancouver  and  Quadra  Lodge,  No.  2,  of  Victoria,  serving 


824  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

as  master  of  the  latter  prior  to  the  formation  of  the  grand  lodge.  During  his 
extended  travels  he  participated  in  many  notable  Masonic  events  in  Canada,  Great 
Britain  and  the  United  States  and  was  many  times  honored  with  appointment  to 
the  position  of  grand  representative,  while  other  honors  and  offices  were  conferred 
upon  him.  Death  called  Mr.  Grahame  June  19,  1905,  when  he  was  eighty  years 
of  age,  and  the  following  tribute  was  paid  to  him  editorially  by  the  Colonist :  ''We 
are  chronicling  today  the  death  of  James  A.  Grahame,  for  years  well  known  to 
the  citizens  of  Victoria  and  more  especially  to  the  older  generation.  He  belongs 
to  what  may  be  spoken  of  as  the  old  'brigade'  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company, 
now  nearly  all  departed  and  including  such  contemporaries  as  Dr.  Tolmie,  Joseph 
McKay,  Roderick  Finlayson,  A.  C.  Anderson,  John  Henry  Work  and  others  who 
came  to  the  west  about  the  same  time  and  assisted  in  the  pioneer  work  of  fur 
trading  and  as  citizens  of  the  province  in  its  subsequent  development.  The  names 
of  these  men  must  live  in  the  early  history  of  the  country  not  only  as  factors  of 
a  great  commercial  company  but  in  a  national  sense  as  builders  and  founders — 
nation  makers — along  with  Dr.  McLoughlin  and  Sir  James  Douglas,  the  two  guiding 
spirits  of  the  western  division  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  territory.  The  latest  of  this 
band  of  pioneers  to  depart  the  land  of  their  adoption  and  making  had  for  some 
years  ceased  to  take  active  interest  in  affairs  and  was  best  known  as  a  retired 
citizen  and  a  figure  of  the  past.  He  did  his  work  in  the  days  gone  by  as  a  pioneer 
and  as  a  'trail  blazer.'  The  present  generation  can  but  faintly  understand  the 
strenuous  nature  of  the  life  he  in  common  with  men  designated  'the  lords  of  the 
forest'  led.  There  was  much  that  was  picturesque  and  fascinating  about  the  lives 
of  these  men,  and  if  they  had  left  us  more  in  the  way  of  reminiscence  about  their 
lives  and  the  country  as  it  was  under  their  rule,  we  would  have  the  materials  for 
a  great  history  and  works  of  fiction  as  engrossing  as  those  of  Fenimore  Cooper. 
They  were,  however,  as  a  rule  prosaic  men  and  not  given  to  making  memoirs,  and 
as  a  consequence  of  their  modesty  have  deprived  the  historian  of  much  that  he 
would  be  glad  to  possess." 

Mr.  Grahame  was  a  member  of  the  Episcopal  church,  although  brought  up 
in  the  Church  of  Scotland  and  was  prominent  in  social  organizations,  belonging 
to  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria,  the  St.  James  Club  of  Montreal  and  the  Manitoba 
Club  of  Winnipeg.  He  had  wide  acquaintance  among  men  of  prominence  through- 
out the  country  and  was  honored  and  respected  by  all  because  of  the  sterling  worth 
of  his  character  and  his  notable  achievements.  He  was  generous  in  his  charities 
yet  extremely  modest  and  unostentatious  in  his  mention  of  any  beneficence.  He 
stood  in  all  things  as  he  did  in  his  connection  with  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company — 
the  embodiment  of  the  spirit  of  progress  and  improvement,  loyal  to  his  duties, 
faithful  to  his  trust  and  honorable  at  all  times  and  in  every  relation. 


.  JOHN  ALEXANDER  LEWIS. 

John  Alexander  Lewis  is  connected  with  the  department  of  the  interior  of 
the  Dominion  government  as  senior  clerk  of  the  New  Westminster  office,  doing 
efficient  work  in  that  capacity  and  receiving  the  high  commendation  of  his  superior 
officers. 

Mr.  Lewis  was  born  August  14,  1872,  in  London,  England,  a  son  of  John 
and  Mary  Ann  Lewis.  The  father  was  born  at  Hastings,  Sussex,  England,  in 
1839,  and  for  over  thirty  years  was  connected  with  the  royal  customs  service  at 
London,  as  was  also  his  father  and  two  of  his  brothers.  The  father  passed  away 
on  July  5,  1890.  The  mother,  a  native  of  Uxbridge,  England,  was  born  in  1842, 
married  in  1864,  and  still  resides  at  Lewisham,  London,  England.  A  brother  of 
our  subject,  Egerton  Bews  Lewis,  born  in  London  in  1866,  has  for  thirty  years 
been  in  the  accountant  general's  department  of  the  general  postoffice,  while  an 
older  sister,  Eleanor  Mary,  is  schoolmistress  at  the  L.  C.  C.  School  at  Dulwich, 
while  a  younger  sister,  Ethelwyn  Elizabeth,  remains  at  home  with  her  mother. 


JOHN  A.  LEWIS 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  827 

John  A.  Lewis  was  educated  at  Herolds'  and  Roan's  Foundation  Schools. 
Entering  business  life,  he  was  for  four  and  a  half  years  connected  with  marine 
insurance  in  London,  coming  to  Canada  in  the  spring  of  1892,  and  after  gain- 
ing two  years'  experience  in  farming  in  Manitoba,  proceeding  to  Red  Deer, 
Alberta.  There  he  homesteaded  about  three  miles  west  of  the  town.  In  1896, 
on  a  visit  to  England,  he  married  Alice,  the  second  daughter  of  Henry  and  Mary 
Mockford,  of  Dulwich.  He  entered  the  employment  of  the  Dominion  govern- 
ment in  April,  1906,  becoming  connected  with  the  department  of  the  interior 
at  the  Red  Deer  Dominion  Lands  office  under  Captain  Cottingham.  In  Feb- 
ruary, 1908,  he  received  the  appointment  of  accountant  in  the  form  of  a  pro- 
motion and  in  February,  1910,  was  transferred  to  the  Lethbridge  office.  In 
November  of  the  same  year  he  was  transferred  to  Kamloops  on  special  duty  and 
in  March,  1911,  was  appointed  senior  clerk  at  the  New  Westminster  office,  having 
since  continued  in  that  position,  serving  with  efficiency  and  ability. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lewis  are  the  parents  of  one  son,  Laurence  Alexander,  aged 
sixteen,  and  one  daughter,  Elsie,  aged  fourteen.  The  father  and  mother  both 
are  members  of  the  Presbyterian  church,  to  which  they  give  their  moral  and 
material  support.  Fraternally  Mr.  Lewis  is  connected  with  the  Masons,  becom- 
ing a  member  of  the  blue  lodge  at  Red  Deer  in  1907,  while  he  is  also  a  member 
of  Westminster  Chapter,  No.  124,  R.  A.  M.  He  holds  membership  in  the  Inde- 
pendent Order  of  Foresters  and  the  Benevolent  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  Pub- 
lic-spirited and  progressive,  Mr  Lewis  takes  a  deep  interest  in  all  matters  that 
affect  the  public  welfare  and  readily  allies  himself  with  worthy  movements  under- 
taken in  the  interests  of  his  community.  He  is  highly  respected  and  esteemed 
wherever  known  and  enjoys  the  good-will  and  confidence  of  his  superior  officers, 
his  fellow  employes  and  of  the  general  public  as  well. 


JOHN  RICHARD  COLLISTER. 

John  Richard  Collister,  who  from  1889  to  1912  was  closely  identified  with  a 
sporting  goods  and  hardware  business  in  Victoria,  is  considered  one  of  the 
most  able  and  progressive  business  men  in  the  city  and  is  today  connected  with 
a  number  of  local  concerns,  besides  being  the  owner  of  valuable  real-estate 
interests.  He  was  born  in  Brisbane,  Australia,  August  16,  1865,  and  is  a  son 
of  Richard  and  Elizabeth  Collister.  The  former  engaged  in  shipbuilding  in 
Liverpool,  England,  and  in  Australia  and  later,  in  1875,  came  to  British  Col- 
umbia, where  he  was  for  twenty-five  years  government  inspector  of  hulls,  his 
death  occurring  in  1908,  in  Victoria. 

John  Richard  Collister  acquired  his  education  in  the  Victoria  public  schools, 
being  ten  years  of  age  when  he  came  to  this  city  with  his  parents.  After  laying 
aside  his  books  he  entered  the  employ  of  J.  H.  Todd  &  Sons,  wholesale  grocers, 
with  whom  he  remained  for  six  years.  In  1889  he  resigned  his  position  and 
formed  a  partnership  with  John  Barnsley,  engaging  in  the  sporting  goods  and 
hardware  business  under  the  name  of  Barnsley  &  Company.  Their  association 
continued  until  1909  and  a  large  business  was  built  up,  Mr.  Collister's  energy 
and  activity  being  helpful  factors  in  the  success  of  the  concern.  In  1909  he 
purchased  his  partner's  interest  and  conducted  the  enterprise  alone  under  his 
own  name  until  1912,  when  he  disposed  of  his  interests  to  Peden  Brothers.  He 
is  still  connected  with  a  number  of  important  local  business  concerns  and  has 
extensive  real-estate  interests. 

On  the  I2th  of  February,  1889,  in  Victoria,  Mr.  Collister  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Cessford,  a  daughter  of  R.  and  Margaret  Cessford, 
the  former  a  well  known  bridge  carpenter.  He  came  to  British  Columbia  in 
1875  and  has  resided  in  Victoria  since  that  time.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Collister  have 
become  the  parents  of  a  daughter,  Effie. 


828  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Mr.  Collister  holds  membership  in  the  Camosun  Club  and  is  connected  fra- 
ternally with  the  Ancient  Order  of  Foresters.  He  gives  his  political  allegiance 
to  the  conservative  party  but  his  interests  have  largely  been  concentrated  upon 
his  business  affairs  and  in  this  field  he  has  met  with  gratifying  and  well  deserved 
success. 


RICHARD  H.  ALEXANDER. 

Richard  H.  Alexander,  whose  life  history  has  been  interwoven  with  that  of 
British  Columbia  for  fifty  years,  can  as  one  of  the  oldest  residents  of  the  province 
lay  claim  to  no  ordinary  distinction,  for  he  came  here  in  1862,  when  six  acres  of 
cleared  land  constituted  what  is  now  Vancouver — a  pulsing,  life-throbbing,  metro- 
politan city ;  and  when  in  retrospect  he  looks  back  to  the  time  when  dense  virgin 
forests  covered  the  space  where  now  stands  this  great  city,  he  must  feel  proud  of 
having  taken  such  an  active  part  in  planting  civilization  in  this  section  and  being 
directly  one  of  the  causes  of  that  prosperity  to  which  thousands  are  indebted  for 
their  success.  A  member  of  the  city  board  of  aldermen  in  1887,  he  has  continued 
his  interest  in  public  affairs  during  his  whole  life  and  has  served  with  resultant 
effect  in  various  official  capacities. 

Richard  H.  Alexander  is  secretary  and  the  local  manager  of  the  British 
Columbia  Mills,  Timber  &  Trading  Company.  He  was  born  March  26,  1844,  in 
Edinburgh,  Scotland.  His  father  was  James  Alexander  and  his  mother,  before 
her  marriage,  bore  the  name  of  Elizabeth  Scott.  In  their  family  were  five  children. 
They  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1855  and  the  father,  who  had  been  a  wine  merchant 
in  Edinburgh,  followed  the  same  line  of  business  after  settling  in  Toronto  but 
later  returned  to  the  land  of  his  birth,  where  he  passed  away  at  the  age  of  fifty 
years. 

Richard  H.  Alexander  was  educated  in  Edinburgh  Academy  and,  after  removal 
to  this  continent,  in  Upper  Canada  College  and  Toronto  University. 

In  1862  the  reports  of  gold  discoveries  on  the  Saskatchewan  and  in  British 
Columbia,  together  with  the  love  of  adventure,  led  him  to  join  a  band  of  similarly 
minded  adventurers  (of  which  he  was  the  youngest)  to  seek  the  new  El  Dorado 
by  a  journey  overland  across  the  then  almost  unknown  regions  to  the  west  of 
the  Great  Lakes.  Their  route  was  via  the  Mississippi,  then  overland  to  the  Red 
river  and  down  it  to  the  Hudson's  Bay  post,  Fort  Garry,  which  has  now  been 
transformed  into  the  flourishing  city  of  Winnipeg.  There  they  fitted  out  with 
oxen  and  the  universally  used  Red  River  carts  and  made  their  way  to  Edmonton, 
across  the  country  which  is  rapidly  becoming  a  continuous  wheat  field,  but  then 
was  occupied  only  by  roving  bands  of  Indians  and  countless  herds  of  buffalo.  At 
Edmonton  carts  had  to  be  abandoned  and  they  proceeded  to  force  their  way 
through  the  Rocky  mountains  and  with  great  hardship  at  length  reached  Tete 
Jaune  Cache  on  the  Fraser  river,  thus  pioneering  the  route  now  selected  by  two 
trans-continental  railways.  At  Tete  Jaune  Cache  they  dug  out  canoes  of  cotton- 
wood  and  committed  themselves  to  a  stream  of  which  they  knew  nothing  but 
that  it  was  flowing  westward.  When  the  Grand  Canyon  was  reached  Mr.  Alex- 
ander and  a  Mr.  Carpenter,  formerly  a  barrister  in  Toronto,  attempted  to  run  one 
of  their  canoes  down  but  upset  and  Mr.  Carpenter  was  drowned ;  their  three  com- 
panions were  making  a  portage  of  their  outfit  but  could  render  no  assistance  and 
as  Mr.  Alexander  had  reached  the  further  shore,  the  only  way  he  could  rejoin 
them  was  by  again  plunging  into  the  mad  whirl  of  icy  waters,  which  during  the 
recent  railway  construction  has  claimed  so  many  victims.  In  connection  with 
Mr.  Carpenter's  death  Mr.  Alexander  mentions  a  curious  incident.  Just  before 
starting  in  the  canoe  Mr.  Carpenter  wrote  a  few  lines  in  his  pocketbook  and  threw 
his  coat  ashore.  When  his  companions  examined  it  afterwards  they  found  the 
following  which  it  will  be  noted  was  written  in  the  past  tense:  "Arrived  this 
day  at  the  canon  and  drowned  running  the  canoe  down.  God  help  my  poor,  dear 


RICHARD  H.  ALEXANDER 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  831 

wife."-  -  After  a  hard  struggle  against  hardships  and  starvation  Mr. 

Alexander  and  three  remaining  companions  reached  Fort  George  and  continued 
by  the  river  as  far  as  Quesnel  Mouth,  thence  by  land  to  New  Westminster,  upwards 
of  seven  months  having  been  consumed  on  the  journey. 

Mr.  Alexander  roughed  it  with  the  hardy  pioneers  of  those  early  days,  making 
his  living  during  the  first  winter  by  cutting  wood  and  receiving  pay  at  the  rate 
of  a  dollar  and  a  half  per  cord.  Some  of  the  trees  were  of  such  enormous  pro- 
portions that  a  single  section  of  four  feet  would  cut  up  into  a  cord  of  wood. 
Mr.  Alexander  then  turned  his  attention  to  mining  and  packing  in  the  Cariboo, 
being  in  1863  attracted  to  those  mines  by  favorable  reports.  He,  however,  did 
not  make  any  success  in  mining  there  and  next  engaged  as  helper  on  a  pack 
train,  taking  supplies  to  the  mines,  and  upon  his  return  to  Victoria  worked  for 
some  time  as  longshoreman  for  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  later  being  appointed 
as  clerk  in  a  store  and  remaining  in  that  position  until  his  arrival  in  Vancouver 
in  1870.  Here  he  accepted  a  situation  as  accountant  with  the  Hastings  Saw 
Mill  Company,  becoming  in  1882  manager  of  that  concern,  with  which  he  has 
now  been  connected  for  over  forty  years.  Since  taking  charge  of  the  affairs  of 
the  company  their  business  has  vastly  extended  and  wonderfully  increased,  and 
for  this  no  small  credit  must  be  given  to  the  business  ability  and  expert  knowledge 
of  Mr.  Alexander.  During  the  early  development  of  Vancouver,  Mr.  Alexander 
was  closely  related  with  nearly  every  movement  that  had  to  do  with  its  upbuilding 
and  advancement.  At  the  first  city  election  he  was  a  candidate  for  mayor  of  the 
city  before  the  great  fire  in  1886,  but  was  not  elected,  as  in  those  early  days 
methods  prevailed  which  later  certainly  would  not  have  been  approved.  There 
was  no  registration  at  the  time  and  all  residents  were  permitted  to  vote,  making 
it  easy  for  fraud  to  be  perpetrated.  Mr.  Alexander  also  was  trustee  and  secre- 
tary of  the  first  school  board,  a  notary  public  and  a  member  of  the  first  board  of 
health,  or  it  may  be  said  that  he  constituted  the  board  of  health,  for  he  was  its 
only  member.  He  has  been  for  many  years  and  still  is  justice  of  the  peace.  At 
the  second  city  election  he  was  chosen  a  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen  and 
for  some  years  acted  in  that  capacity  in  the  municipal  government.  He  has  been 
chairman  of  the  pilotage  board  since  1883  and  for  two  years  was  president  of  the 
Board  of  Trade,  greatly  promoting  in  that  important  position  the  commercial 
expansion  of  the  city.  He  was  ever  the  champion  of  any  measures  and  policies 
which  have  made  Vancouver  the  commercial  queen  city  of  the  Canadian  Pacific 
coast.  Again  and  again  he  has  served  as  member  of  the  council  of  the  Board 
of  Trade  and  has  also  been  connected  with  the  arbitration  board  of  that  body. 
He  has  been  a  decided  success  on  the  railways  and  navigation  committee  and  in 
fact  there  has  hardly  been  any  phase  of  municipal  endeavor  with  which  he  has 
not  been  connected  to  the  profit  of  the  general  public.  In  1895  ne  was  appointed 
by  the  Peruvian  government  as  consul  of  that  country  in  Vancouver  and  served 
for  several  years  until  his  resignation.  In  earlier  years  he  was  Lloyd's  agent  at 
Vancouver,  his  jurisdiction  extending  over  the  mainland  of  British  Columbia, 
and  he  served  as  such  for  a  number  of  years  until  he  resigned  because  the  work 
demanded  too  much  of  his  time  which  was  needed  in  connection  with  all  his  other 
duties.  That  Mr.  Alexander  enjoys  the  confidence  and  esteem  of  his  fellow 
citizens  does  not  fully  express  the  sentiment  which  the  people  of  Vancouver 
entertain  towards  him,  for  the  efforts  which  he  has  made  on  behalf  of  the  general 
good  have  been  of  such  paramount  importance  that  the  high  regard  in  which 
he  is  held  is  something  self-understood. 

In  1867  Mr.  Alexander  married  Miss  Emma  Tammadge,  of  Victoria,  a  native 
of  London,  England,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  four  children,  each  and  all  of 
whom  were  born  in  British  Columbia  and  are  proud  of  the  fact.  The  two  younger 
were  born  after  the  family  home  was  made  in  Vancouver.  Richard  H.  H.  is 
secretary  of  the  British  Columbia  Lumber  &  Shingle  Manufacturers,  Limited, 
and  in  this  important  position  has  made  for  himself  a  name  as  one  of  the  city's 
best  and  most  reliable  business  men.  Frederick  W.  is  a  lumberman  located  in 
Seattle,  Washington.  Eliza  Scott  is  the  wife  of  J.  L.  G.  Abbott,  of  Vancouver. 


832  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Harry  O.  Alexander,  the  youngest,  serves  in  the  official  capacity  of  judge  of  the 
court  of  small  debts  and  official  guardian  and  makes  his  home  in  this  city. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Alexander  are  members  of  the  Anglican  church,  giving  their 
moral  and  material  support  to  its  local  institutions.  Mrs.  Alexander  is  also  honor- 
ary president  of  the  Vancouver  branch  of  the  Victorian  Order  of  Nurses.  He 
is  a  conservative  in  politics  and  an  ardent  imperialist,  being  largely  instrumental 
in  founding  the  Vancouver  branch  of  the  Imperial  Federation  League.  He  was 
a  delegate  to  the  sixth  congress  of  the  Imperial  Chambers  of  Commerce  in  1906 
and  carried  a  resolution  providing  for  the  appointment  of  an  advisory  imperial 
council.  He  again  was  a  delegate  in  1909,  attending  in  Sydney,  New  South  Wales. 
Deeply  interested  in  the  lumber  industry,  he  is  well  acquainted  with  all  its  phases 
and  considered  an  authority  on  that  subject.  In  1906  he  read  a  paper  before 
the  forestry  convention  on  "Lumbering  Conditions  on  the  Coast  of  British  Colum- 
bia," which  elicited  much  favorable  comment.  There  is  also  a  military  chapter 
in  his  life  history,  for  in  1865  he  served  with  the  Victoria  Rifles.  His  fraternal 
relations  are  confined  to  his  membership  in  the  Masonic  order,  in  which  he  has 
attained  to  the  rank  of  Royal  Arch  Mason.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver 
Club,  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria  and  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Club,  which 
he  served  as  commodore  in  1906  and  1907.  He  takes  a  deep  interest  in  this  sport 
and  finds  valuable  recreation  in  its  execution.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Alexander  reside 
at  Shaughnessy  Heights,  Vancouver,  and  their  many  friends  delight  to  gather  at 
the  beautiful  family  residence,  where  they  extend  a  heartfelt  welcome  and  warm 
hospitality.  The  year  1912  has  been  an  important  one  in  Mr.  Alexander's  life, 
for  it  marks  his  fifty  years  of  residence  in  British  Columbia  and  it  was  the 
celebration  of  his  golden  citizenship.  It  may  be  said  that  in  that  long  space  of 
time  he  has  become  an  inviolate  part  of  Vancouver  and  the  pride  he  takes  in  the 
city  is  returned  manifold  by  its  people,  who  consider  it  an  honor  to  call  one  of 
them  Richard  H.  Alexander,  pioneer. 


WILLIAM  LAWRENCE  FAGAN. 

British  Columbia  has  on  the  whole  been  signally  favored  in  the  class  of  men  who 
have  occupied  her  public  offices  and  among  those  whose  official  records  are  credit- 
able to  themselves  and  satisfactory  to  their  constituents  is  numbered  William  L. 
Fagan,  of  Vancouver,  who  is  now  serving  as  provincial  assessor.  He  was  born 
in  Dublin,  Ireland,  October  22,  1841,  his  parents  being  John  Leonard  and  Ann 
Ambrosia  (Reed)  Fagan,  the  former  a  native  of  Dublin  and  the  latter  of  London, 
England.  The  Fagan  family  has  long  been  prominent  in  Ireland,  James  Fagan, 
an  uncle  of  William  L.  Fagan,  having  been  a  member  of  parliament  for  the 
county  of  Wexford,  while  in  business  circles  he  is  widely  known  as  a  lumber 
merchant. 

In  the  national  schools  of  Ireland,  William  L.  Fagan  pursued  his  early  educa- 
tion, which  was  supplemented  by  a  course  in  St.  Patrick's  College  at  Armagh, 
from  which  he  was  graduated  with  the  class  of  1858.  He  then  learned  the  hard- 
ware business  and  in  1870  came  to  Canada  where  he  entered  the  employ  of  the 
Great  Western  Railway  Company  of  Ontario.  In  1883  he  entered  the  employ 
of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  and  in  1886  came  to  British  Columbia  as  the 
first  agent  of  that  road,  being  stationed  at  Moody  and  later  at  Westminster.  In 
1888  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  has  since  been  a  resident  of  this  city.  On  taking 
up  his  abode  here  he  was  called  to  the  office  of  assistant  assessor  and  collector 
of  the  province  and  a  year  later  was  promoted  to  the  position  of  provincial  asses- 
sor, in  which  connection  he  has  served  continuously  since,  or  for  a  period  of 
almost  a  quarter  of  a  century.  No  higher  testimonial  of  his  capability,  fidelity, 
efficiency  and  trustworthiness  could  be  given.  His  long  retention  in  the  position 
plainly  indicates  how  promptly  he  has  discharged  the  duties  devolving  upon  him 
and  how  excellent  has  been  the  record  which  he  has  made.  Moreover,  he  is 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  833 

interested  in  all  matters  of  public  progress  and  improvement  and  labors  earnestly 
for  the  public  welfare  along  many  lines. 

In  1865  Mr.  Fagan  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Ellen  Thornton,  a  native 
of  Dublin,  Ireland,  and  their  children  are :  Joseph  E. ;  James  S. ;  W.  L. ;  Mary 
Alberta,  the  wife  of  James  W.  McGovern,  dominion  inspector  at  Port  Arthur; 
and  Annie  S.  The  family  are  communicants  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church  and 
Mr.  Fagan  is  also  a  member  of  the  Knights  of  Columbus  and  of  the  Ancient 
Order  of  United  Workmen.  Politically  Mr.  Fagan  is  a  lifelong  conservative. 
As  a  man  and  citizen  he  ranks  high,  a  well  spent  life  winning  him  warm  regard 
and  valuable  official  service  gaining  for  him  the  confidence  and  trust  of  the  entire 
community. 


JAMES  MUNRO. 

James  Munro,  one  of  the  first  hardware  merchants  in  Chilliwack,  is  living 
retired  after  twenty-one  years  of  close  identification  with  business  interests  of 
the  city.  He  was  born  in  Bristol,  England,  August  19,  1863,  a  son  of  James  and 
Sarah  (Masters)  Munro,  and  acquired  his  education  at  Ottawa,  Ontario,  where 
his  parents  settled  forty-three  years  ago.  He  remained  in  that  province  until 
1890,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  where  he  has  since  resided.  His  first 
employment  in  this  section  was  in  the  establishment  of  McLennan  &  McFeeley 
in  Vancouver,  in  whos'e  interests  he  worked  for  one  year,  after  which  he  came 
to  Chilliwack,  settling  in  that  community  long  before  the  city  was  incorporated. 
He  established  here  one  of  the  first  hardware  stores  and  afterward  conducted  it 
successfully  for  twenty-one  years,  his  patronage  constantly  increasing  in  volume 
and  importance.  Eventually,  however,  he  abandoned  active  life  and  is  now  living 
in  honorable  retirement,  enjoying  in  well  earned  rest  the  success  which  came  to 
him  as  a  logical  result  of  well  directed  effort  and  earnest  endeavor. 

Since  taking  up  his  residence  in  Chilliwack  in  the  early  days  of  the  city's 
history  Mr.  Munro  has  been  a  prominent  factor  in  public  affairs  and  has  made  his 
loyalty  and  public  spirit  effective  through  active  work  in  politics.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  first  council  of  Chilliwack  and  after  serving  two  years  was  elected 
mayor  by  acclamation.  During  his  term  of  office  the  city  hall  was  begun  and 
many  other  civic  improvements  made,  the  stone  quarry  and  the  operating  machin- 
ery were  purchased,  and  the  roads  throughout  the  city  and  vicinity  were  beautified 
and  improved.  His  interest  in  public  affairs  has  never  lessened  and  he  is  at 
present  a  member  of  the  city  council. 

Mr.  Munro  married  in  1898  Miss  McCloud,  of  Chilliwack,  and  both  are  well 
and  favorably  known  in  social  circles.  He  belongs  to  the  Independent  Order  of 
Odd  Fellows  and  is  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade.  He  is  an  intelligent,  able 
and  progressive  citizen,  whose  genuine  worth,  breadth  of  view  and  many  sterling 
characteristics  have  made  him  a  leader  of  public  thought  and  action  in  the  com- 
munity where  he  has  so  long  made  his  home. 


CAPTAIN  CHARLES  E.  SEYMOUR. 

As  captain  of  the  steamer  Beaver,  Charles  E.  Seymour  is  widely  and  favor- 
ably known  in  shipping  circles  of  New  Westminster.  He  was  born  in  Montreal 
on  October  15,  1862,  his  parents  being  Charles  E.  and  Elizabeth  (Dods)  Sey- 
mour, natives  of  that  city.  Charles  E.  Seymour  was  reared  at  home  and  acquired 
his  education  in  public  and  private  schools  and  in  the  McGill  high  school  of 
Montreal,  following  which  he  worked  in  a  clerical  capacity  in  a  wholesale  house 
up  to  1885,  when  he  went  to  England,  where  he  spent  one  year  with  relatives 
and  friends.  Returning  to  Canada,  he  came  direct  to  British  Columbia.  His 


834  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

journey  was  an  interesting  one,  for  he  walked  through  from  Kicking  Horse 
Pass  over  the  Selkirks  to  Eagle  Pass.  Leaving  England  with  trunks,  family 
heirlooms  and  other  remembrances,  he  lost  them  all  on  the  journey  across  the 
mountains  and  on  reaching  Eagle  Pass  began  his  career  as  a  steamboat  man, 
boating  on  the  Shushwap  lake  and  Thompson  river  to  Kamloops.  Two  years 
later,  in  1889,  he  came  to  New  Westminster  and  here  he  continued  in  steam- 
boating,  running  on  the  Eraser  river  from  New  Westminster  to  Yale  for  one 
year  and  subsequently  from  the  former  to  Chilliwack,  which  run  he  still  has, 
having  been  constantly  so  employed.  For  the  past  sixteen 'years  he  has  been 
master  of  his  vessel  and  his  reputation  as  a  master  mariner  was  such  that 
he  was  taken  from  the  opposition  service  into  the  Canadian  Pacific  employ  and 
given  charge  of  the  steamer  Beaver.  A  careful  and  skillful  navigator  and  a 
man  of  experience,  he  has  never  had  a  serious  accident,  as  he  is  well  acquainted 
with  practically  every  foot  of  the  local  waters. 

On  April  2,  1898,  occurred  the  marriage  of  Captain  Seymour  to  Miss  Wini- 
fred G.  Howison,  a  daughter  of  George  H.  Howison,  one  of  the  pioneers  of 
British  Columbia.  The  mother  was  Miss  Seraph  Willey,  who  came  to  British 
Columbia  as  a  bride  from  the  province  of  Quebec  in  1871.  Captain  and  Mrs. 
Seymour  have  four  children :  Charles  Edward,  Elizabeth  Louise,  Margaret  Wini- 
fred and  Edna  Dods. 

Kindly,  genial,  yet  a  man  of  strong  character,  Captain  Seymour  is  highly 
esteemed  by  all  who  know  him  and  is  practically  known  by  all  in  this  part  of 
British  Columbia.  He  is  a  conservative  in  politics,  giving  stanch  support  to  the 
measures  and  candidates  of  his  party.  He  is  a  loyal  son  of  New  Westminster, 
where  he  has  resided  now  for  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century,  and  takes  a  deep 
interest  in  all  movements  intended  for  the  betterment  of  the  city. 


LOUIS  CHRISTIEN. 

No  history  of  the  pioneer  settlement  of  the  Okanagan  would  be  complete 
without  the  record  of  the  honorable  and  worthy  career  of  Louis  Christien,  whose 
death  in  Vernon  ended  a  life  which  had  been  closely  and  intimately  identified 
with  the  early  settlement  of  the  region  and  which  had  been  also  for  many  years 
an  element  in  the  continued  business  advancement.  He  was  one  of  that  sturdy 
band  of  pioneers  who  penetrated  into  the  Okanagan  long  before  the  era  of 
railroads  and  who  by  their  struggles,  hardships  and  determined  work  laid  the 
foundations  here  of  society,  civilization  and  government. 

Louis  Christien  was  born  at  St.  Anicet,  Huntingdon  county,  Quebec,  June 
14,  1835,  and  spent  his  early  life  in  that  community.  When  a  boy  of  nineteen 
he  went  west  of  California  in  the  early  days  of  the  gold  excitement  and  after- 
ward pushed  northward  to  British  Columbia,  arriving  in  the  province  in  1862. 
After  a  brief  visit  to  the  Okanagan  he  went  to  Victoria,  but  made  a  permanent 
settlement  near  Vernon  in  1865.  He  mined  for  several  years  at  Cherry  Creek, 
afterward  taking  up  land  now  known  as  the  Coldstream  meadows  at  Lumby. 
In  1879  he  returned  to  the  east,  but  after  a  few  years  the  call  of  the  west  was 
too  strong  for  him  and  he  returned  to  British  Columbia.  He  erected  one  of  the 
first  residences  on  the  present  townsite  of  Vernon,  which  was  then  known  as 
Centreville,  and  for  many  years  thereafter  was  foreman  of  government  road  work 
in  the  district,  many  of  the  best  highways  being  constructed  under  his  supervision. 
During  the  long  years  of  his  residence  here  Mr.  Christien  worked  earnestly 
and  faithfully  for  the  advancement  of  the  city  and  the  surrounding  districts  along 
educational,  material  and  political  lines  and  his  death,  which  occurred  when  he 
was  seventy-six  years  of  age,  was  the  occasion  of  widespread  regret  and  his  mem- 
ory will  ever  be  warmly  cherished  by  the  people  of  the  Okanagan,  among  whom 
he  lived  and  labored  for  so  many  years  of  a  well  spent  life. 


LOUIS  CHEISTIEN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  837 

Mr.  Christien  left  to  mourn  his  loss  a  widow  and  four  children,  namely,  Mrs. 
L.  Lequime,  Mrs.  D.  Wilson,  Mrs.  T.  A.  Norris  and  Charles,  who  is  identified 
with  the  firm  of  Cooper  &  Christien.  At  the  time  of  his  death  a  local  publica- 
tion said  of  him : 

"A  good  man  has  gone  to  his  rest,  and  the  country  is  poorer  for  his  departure. 
Few  men  have  been  better  liked  or  held  in  higher  respect  and  esteem  by  those 
who  knew  him  than  was  Louis  Christien.  It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  he  had 
not  an  enemy  in  the  world.  Upright,  honorable  and  just;  kindly,  courteous  and 
considerate ;  generous  to  a  fault ;  these  are  some  of  the  characteristics  which  won 
for  him  the  deep-rooted  affection  of  his  friends  by  whom  his  loss  is  deplored  with 
the  most  sincere  regret.  Nobody  ever  accused  him  of  a  mean  action;  nobody 
ever  doubted  his  word ;  nobody  ever  appealed  to  him  in  vain  for  any  assistance 
that  it  was  in  his  power  to  give ;  his  long  life  was  a  succession  of  kindly  deeds, 
and  it  sums  up  his  character  to  say  that  he  was  a  gentleman  in  the  best  and 
truest  sense  of  the  word." 


MERVYN  WILLIAM   HEWETT. 

Mervyn  William  Hewett,  a  civil  engineer  of  Vancouver,  who  has  attained 
enviable  success  in  the  profession,  has  since  1911  been  the  junior  member  of  the 
firm  of  Elliott  &  Hewett,  engaged  in  general  survey  work  throughout  British 
Columbia.  His  birth  occurred  in  Birkenhead,  England,  on  the  I3th  of  October, 
1861,  his  parents  being  William  and  Harriet  (Richardson)  Hewett.  The  father, 
a  minister  of  the  Church  of  England,  passed  away  in  1889. 

Mervyn  W.  Hewett  obtained  his  early  education  in  the  schools  of  Broms- 
grove,  Worcestershire,  England,  and  later  continued  his  studies  at  Worcester 
College  in  Oxford.  In  1883  he  emigrated  to  Canada,  locating  at  Shell  River, 
Manitoba,  where  he  followed  farming  for  a  period  of  eight  years.  In  1891  he 
came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  and  here  engaged  in  survey  work,  his  first 
employment  along  that  line  being  as  axeman  on  the  Lulu  Island  branch  of  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway.  From  that  time  to  the  present  he  has  been 
continuously  engaged  in  surveying,  being  associated  along  that  line  with  Sidney 
Williams,  the  present  provincial  inspector  of  surveys,  and  later  with  G.  H.  Daw- 
son,  the  present  surveyor  general  of  the  province,  and  John  Elliott,  of  the  firm  of 
Dawson  &  Elliott.  In  1910,  when  Mr.  Dawson  became  surveyor  general,  Mr. 
Hewett  took  his  place  in  the  firm,  which  has  since  been  known  as  Elliott  &  Hewett. 
They  are  engaged  in  general  survey  work  throughout  the  province  and  in  this 
connection  have  done  much  toward  opening  up  vast  stretches  of  wild  land  to 
civilization.  Mr.  Hewett  has  been  a  resident  of  British  Columbia  for  more  than 
two  decades  and  has  long  enjoyed  a  reputation  as  one  of  its  prosperous,  representa- 
tive and  esteemed  citizens. 


JOHN  BOWRON. 

For  many  years  John  Bowron  was  in  the  government  service  and  the  record 
which  he  left  behind  him  was  one  which  reflects  credit  upon  him  and  upon  those 
who  called  him  to  positions  of  public  preferment.  He  passed  away  in  Septem- 
ber, 1906,  when  in  the  seventieth  year  of  his  age,  his  birth  having  occurred  on  the 
loth  of  March,  1837,  in  Huntingdon,  in  the  province  of  Quebec.  His  father, 
William  Bowron,  was  a  native  of  Yorkshire  and  when  sixteen  years  of  age  came 
to  Canada.  For  some  years  he  owned  and  operated  lumber  mills,  and  also  sup- 
plied beef  to  the  Canadian  army  during  the  War  of  1812.  Both  he  and  his  wife, 
Mrs.  Sarah  Bowron,  have  long  since  passed  away. 


838  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

John  Bowron  enjoyed  the  educational  opportunities  afforded  by  Huntingdon 
Academy  and  after  leaving  that  school  went  to  Qeveland,  Ohio,  where  he  studied 
law  in  the  office  of  his  brother-in-law.  He  made  the  trip  through  eastern  Canada 
with  a  party  that  were  traveling  overland  to  Victoria.  In  the  spring  of  1863  Mr. 
Bowron  became  actively  identified  with  the  northwest,  going  to  the  Cariboo.  In 
1866  he  was  appointed  postmaster  for  Barkersville  and  held  that  position  for  ten 
years.  In  1872,  he  was  appointed  mining  recorder  and  in  1875  became  govern- 
ment agent.  Eight  years  later,  or  in  1883,  he  was  made  gold  commissioner,  which 
position  he  filled  until  1906,  when  he  resigned  and  was  pensioned.  He  died,  how- 
ever, in  September  of  the  same  year. 

Mr.  Bowron  was  married  twice.  He  first  wedded  Miss  Emily  Edwards,  who 
died  in  1895.  In  March,  1897,  he  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Watson,  a  daughter  of 
Adam  Watson,  of  whom  mention  is  made  elsewhere  in  this  work.  Mrs.  Bowron 
and  Mrs.  I.  B.  Nason,  sisters,  now  live  with  their  aged  mother.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Bowron  became  the  parents  of  one  daughter,  Aileen.  His  religious  faith  was  that 
of  the  Episcopal  church  and  his  political  support  was  given  to  the  conservative 
party.  Those  who  knew  him  respected  him  because  of  a  well  spent  life.  He 
was  always  loyal  to  his  duties  and  as  the  years  passed  by  he  made  an  excellent 
record  and  set  an  example  for  capability  and  faithfulness  that  might  well  be 
followed  by  others. 


JAMES  WILLIAM  SINCLAIR. 

Romance  and  achievement  intermingle  in  the  life  record  of  James  William 
Sinclair,  who  comes  of  historic  pioneer  stock  of  the  American  northwest.  His 
activities  have  touched  upon  various  phases  of  early  development  and  as  the 
years  have  passed  he  has  become  one  of  the  most  loyal  and  true  sons  of  British 
Columbia.  He  is  descended  from  a  sturdy  line  of  Scotch  ancestors  who  helped 
to  make  Canadian  and  American  history.  His  grandfather,  the  Hon.  William 
Sinclair,  of  Edgar  Place,  Brookville,  was  chief  factor  at  Fort  Garry,  now  Win- 
nipeg, in  the  early  '6os  and  his  grandmother  was  a  daughter  of  Dr.  McLaughlin, 
known  in  western  history  as  the  "Father  of  Oregon."  Mr.  Sinclair  was  the  chief 
representative  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  in  the  western  division  and  after 
his  retirement  was  succeeded  by  Sir  James  Douglas.  The  mother  of  our  sub- 
ject, who  is  still  living,  is  a  daughter  of  Chief  Factor  Kittson,  of  Fort  Nisqually, 
whose  brother,  Norman  William  Kittson,  better  known  as  Commodore  Kittson, 
ran  the  Kittson  line  of  steamers  from  St.  Paul,  and  it  was  he  who  gave  James 
J.  Hill,  the  railroad  king,  his  first  start  in  business.  Mr.  Hill  subsequently  became 
a  partner  of  Commodore  Kittson. 

Mr.  Sinclair's  grandfather  on  his  mother's  side  was  Finnan  McDonald,  known 
as  the  strong  man  from  Glengarry.  He  was  a  Highlander,  nearly  seven  feet  tall, 
and  noted  for  his  prowess  on  the  field  of  battle  and  his  many  feats  of  strength. 
The  pioneers  of  Glengarry  still  delight  to  tell  how  on  a  Manitoba  prairie  he  held 
a  wounded  buffalo  bull  by  the  horns  until  he  broke  his  wrist  when  help  came. 
This  man  was  the  original  "MacDonald  Bhain"  in  Ralph  Connor's  "The  Man 
from  Glengarry."  Mr.  Sinclair's  father  was  the  founder  of  Missoula,  Montana, 
having  in  1864  built  the  first  building  there.  It  was  a  log  building  and  there  he 
started  a  store  and  in  conjunction  therewith  operated  a  pack  train  from  Wallula 
on  the  Columbia  river.  Our  subject  went  with  his  father's  pack  train  over  the 
Rockies  three  times  before  he  was  nine  years  of  age,  and  his  sister  Mary  has  the 
distinction  of  being  the  first  child  born  in  Missoula. 

James  W.  Sinclair  was  born  on  the  27th  of  July,  1858,  at  Fort  Cowlitz,  Wash- 
ington. He  was  only  a  year  old  when  his  parents  removed  to  Victoria  and  in 
1864  he  went  with  them  to  Montana  and  again  returned  with  them  to  Victoria 
in  1867,  after  the  father's  store  in  Hell's  Gate  was  robbed  of  over  forty-seven 
thousand  dollars  in  cash.  James  W.  Sinclair  was  educated  in  Viesseux  private 


JAMES  W.  SINCLAIR 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  841 

school  at  Victoria  (which  was  located  opposite  to  where  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railway  docks  now  are),  and  the  playground  was  in  front  of  the  present  parlia- 
ment building.  He  also  attended  public  school  in  Victoria  and  afterwards  took 
a  course  in  an  eastern  college.  Returning  to  British  Columbia  he  taught  in  the 
public  schools  of  this  province  for  a  quarter  of  a  century.  He  was  the  first 
teacher  at  Alaple  Ridge  in  1875  an<3  there  he  remained  for  seven  years  before 
he  removed  to  Fort  Langley,  where  he  followed  his  occupation  for  three  years. 
He  then  abandoned  that  profession  for  a  period,  engaging  in  steamboating  on 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Navigation  Company's  steamer  William  Irving.  He  was 
also  on  the  steamers  R.  P.  Rittut,  Yosemite'and  Princess  Louise.  However,  the 
monotony  of  steamboat  life  bored  him  and  he  again  returned  to  his  former  pro- 
fession. He  taught  on  Mayne  island  and  Galiano  for  over  fourteen  years  after 
selling  his  farm,  which  he  owned  on  the  latter  island,  and  then  moved  to  New 
Westminster.  Here  he  again  engaged  in  steamboating,  this  time  on  the  steamer 
Beaver.  After  making  the  run  up  and  down  from  Chilliwack  for  over  two 
years  he  joined  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Railway  service,  in  which  con- 
nection he  continues  as  chief  clerk  in  the  freight  department. 

Mr.  Sinclair  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Annie  Isabel  Irving,  third  daugh- 
ter of  the  late  Adam  Irving,  of  Maple  Ridge,  the  year  of  their  marriage  being 
1882.  He  has  five  daughters  and  three  sons.  His  mother,  seven  sisters  and  a 
brother  reside  in  Victoria  and  one  sister,  Mrs.  Frank  Bowser,  wife  of  the  ex-reeve 
of  Point  Grey,  reside  at  Kerrisdale. 

Mr.  Sinclair  is  a  loyal  son  of  this  province,  ever  ready  to  give  his  support 
to  any  worthy  enterprise,  enthusiastic  over  the  natural  charms  of  New  West- 
minster and  an  optimist  as  to  its  splendid  future.  He  is  a  stanch  liberal  in  his 
political  views,  loyal  to  his  party  and  Sir  Wilfred  Laurier,  the  famous  premier. 
After  a  long,  eventful  and  romantic  career  he  has  found  a  home  and  substan- 
tial position  in  the  webb  of  business  of  New  Westminster  and,  surrounded  by 
a  large,  devoted  family  and  an  extensive  circle  of  friends,  enjoys  the  high  regard 
and  esteem  of  all  who  know  him  and  the  respect  which  is  due  him  as  one  of  the 
early  pioneers  of  this  district. 


CLARENCE  DARLING. 

Among  the  most  prominent  and  able  of  the  younger  generation  of  barristers 
in  Vancouver  is  numbered  Clarence  Darling,  who  since  July,  1912,  has  been 
connected  with  the  legal  profession  in  this  city  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of 
MacNeill,  Bird,  Macdonald  &  Darling.  He  was  born  in  Montreal,  Quebec 
province,  January  28,  1885,  and  is  a  son  of  William  and  Evelyn  May  (Dudley) 
Darling,  extended  mention  of  whom  will  be  found  in  a  sketch  of  William  Lyell 
Darling,  of  New  Westminster. 

Garence  Darling  was  reared  at  home  and  acquired  his  education  in  the  Mon- 
treal high  school  and  the  Senior  school,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1902, 
having  for  three  successive  years  received  a  medal  for  finishing  at  the  head  of 
his  class.  Following  his  graduation  Mr.  Darling  moved  to  British  Columbia  and 
in  1903  took  up  the  study  of  law,  entering  the  office  of  W.  F.  Gurd  at  Cranbrook. 
In  1908  he  moved  to  Vancouver,  where  he  continued  his  articles  with  A.  H.  Mac- 
Neill, K.  C,  and  in  April,  1909,  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  the  province.  Imme- 
diately afterward  he  entered  into  partnership  with  J.  Edward  Bird,  establishing  the 
firm  of  Bird  &  Darling  in  Nanaimo.  There  he  continued  until  July,  1912,  when 
he  moved  to  Vancouver,  leaving  the  office  in  charge  of  Mr.  Arthur  Leighton,  that 
firm  now  being  known  as  Bird,  Leighton  &  Darling.  He  is  now  a  member  of  the 
firm  of  MacNeill,  Bird,  Macdonald  &  Darling.  This  is  already  recognized  as  one 
of  the  strong  and  reliable  legal  firms  of  the  city  and  is  connected  through  an 
extensive  patronage  with  a  great  deal  of  important  litigation.  Mr.  Darling  has 
been  a  helpful  factor  in  its  success,  for  he  is  a  strong  and  able  barrister,  well 

Vol.  HI— 29 


842  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

versed  in  the  underlying  principles  of  his  profession  and  possessed  of  the  ability 
and  force  of  personality  necessary  to  make  that  knowledge  effective. 

Mr.  Darling  is  unmarried  and  resides  with  his  mother  at  2080  Carroll  street, 
Vancouver.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church  and  while  a  resident  of 
Nanaimo  acted  as  warden.  He  is  fond  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports  and  takes 
a  special  delight  in  boating,  riding  and  tennis,  occupations  in  which  he  spends  a 
great  many  of  his  leisure  hours.  His  chief  interest,  however,  centers  upon  his 
profession,  in  which  he  has  already  attained  a  gratifying  degree  of  success,  being 
ranked  among  the  rising  young  barristers  of  the  city. 


JOHN  ARTHUR  CLARK. 

John  Arthur  Clark,  barrister  of  Vancouver,  has  won  a  position  at  the  bar 
which  many  an  older  practitioner  might  well  envy.  He  is  yet  a  young  man,  his 
birth  having  occurred  June  8,  1886,  at  Dundas,  Ontario.  His  parents  were  Wil- 
liam and  Frances  J.  Clark,  the  former  for  fifty  years  engaged  in  the  woolen  manu- 
facturing business  at  Dundas.  In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  the  son 
pursued  his  education  until  he  had  mastered  the  branches  of  learning  therein 
taught  and  later  entered  the  University  of  Toronto,  from  which  he  was  graduated 
with  the  degrees  of  Bachelor  of  Arts  in  1906  and  Bachelor  of  Law  in  1909.  He 
was  also  graduated  from  Osgoode  Hall,  Toronto,  in  1909,  and  began  practice  as 
a  silent  partner  in  the  firm  of  Meredith  &  Fisher  in  London,  Ontario.  The 
following  year  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  in  1911  entered  into  partnership  with 
R.  S.  Lennie  under  the  firm  style  of  Lennie  &  Clark.  Their  practice,  which  is 
general,  is  constantly  growing  in  both  volume  and  importance  and  they  already 
have  a  large  clientele  that  connects  them  with  much  important  litigation  tried 
in  the  courts  of  this  section  of  the  province. 

Mr.  Clark  was  a  member  of  the  Seventy-seventh  Regiment  of  Volunteers  of 
Dundas,  Ontario,  from  1903  until  1909  and  has  served  as  captain  in  the  Seaforth 
Highlanders  since  the  formation  of  that  organization.  He  belongs  to  the  Presby- 
terian church  and  is  identified  with  various  social  organizations,  including  the 
University,  Progress,  Commercial  and  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf  Clubs,  all  of 
Vancouver,  and  the  Royal  Hamilton  Yacht  Club  of  Hamilton,  Ontario.  He  is 
not  only  interested  in  the  social  features  of  these  organizations  but  in  their  efforts 
to  promote  the  public  welfare  and  cooperates  in  various  movements  that  work 
for  the  benefit  of  city  and  province. 


PETER  JOHN  MACKAY. 

Peter  John  Mackay,  supreme  court  reporter  at  Vancouver,  is  a  native  of 
East  Zorra  near  Woodstock,  Ontario,  and  a  son  of  James  Peter  and  Georgina 
(Macdonald)  Mackay,  also  natives  of  Ontario,  in  which  province  they  spent 
their  entire  lives,  the  father  there  following  the  occupation  of  farming.  The  son 
was  a  pupil  in  the  public  schools  and  in  the  collegiate  institute  of  Woodstock  and 
afterward  attended  the  Woodstock  Business  College,  from  which  he  was  grad- 
uated as  a  gold  medalist.  He  immediately  engaged  in  court  reporting,  becom- 
ing official  court  reporter  for  Oxford  county,  Ontario,  in  1899.  He  continued 
in  that  position  until  January,  1908,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver  to  accept  a 
position  as  a  supreme  court  reporter,  his  ability  well  qualifying  him  for  the 
technical  and  important  duties  which  devolve  upon  him  in  this  connection.  For 
four  years  he  was  secretary  of  the  board  of  police  commissioners  of  the  city  of 
Woodstock  and  for  eight  years  he  was  secretary  of  the  Oxford  County  Law 
Society.  When  he  left  Ontario  for  British  Columbia  the  Sentinel-Review  said : 
"Mr  Mackay  is  a  thoroughly  capable  stenographer,  one  of  the  best  in  the  prov- 


JOHN  A.  CLARK 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  845 

ince.  He  has  also  the  necessary  familiarity  with  court  procedure  to  make  him 
proficient  in  all  kinds  of  court  work."  His  political  allegiance  is  given  the  con- 
servative party,  yet  he  is  not  an  active  worker  in  its  ranks. 

Mr.  Mackay  was  married,  in  Woodstock,  Ontario,  to  Miss  Isabel  Ecclestone 
Macpherson,  and  they  have  two  daughters,  Phyllis  Isabel  and  Margaret  Eccle- 
stone. Mrs.  Mackay  has  attained  eminence  as  one  of  the  foremost  Canadian 
writers.  A  native  of  Woodstock,  she  comes  of  Scottish  and  English  ancestry  and 
is  a  daughter  of  Donald  McLeod  and  Priscilla  (Ecclestone)  Macpherson.  She 
was  educated  at  the  Woodstock  Collegiate  Institute  and  has  become  one  of  the 
best  known  writers  of  short  stories  and  poems  in  Canada.  She  has  a  wide 
acquaintance  among  the  readers  not  only  of  the  leading  Canadian  magazines  but 
also  of  Harper's,  Scribner's,  McClure's,  the  American,  the  Independent,  the 
Red  Book,  Ainslee's,  the  Youth's  Companion,  St.  Nicholas,  Life  and  other  pub- 
lications of  the  United  States.  She  is  also  a  contributor  to  the  Smart  Set,  the 
Metropolitan,  the  Ladies'  World,  the  Canadian  Magazine,  the  Canadian  Courier, 
the  Canadian  Home  Journal,  the  Toronto  Globe  and  other  publications.  She 
won  the  prize  offered  by  the  Toronto  Globe  for  a  poem  on  a  subject  connected 
with  Canadian  history  in  1907,  in  which  year  the  annual  competition  was  inaugu- 
rated, and  she  was  also  the  winner  in  the  same  competition  in  1910.  One  of 
her  poems,  with  the  consent  of  the  Century  Company,  is  included  by  the  provin- 
cial board  of  education  in  the  New  Ontario  School  Books  and  the  Literary 
Digest,  the  New  York  Times  and  Current  Literature  have  on  more  than  one 
occasion  selected  her  poems  as  worthy  of  the  place  of  prominence  for  the  month. 
In  1904  she  published  a  volume  of  verse  entitled  Between  the  Lights,  which 
was  widely  reviewed  and  well  received.  The  Toronto  Globe,  in  commenting 
upon  her  second  prize  poem  appearing  in  its  columns,  said:  "Mrs.  Mackay's  poem 
is  a  beautiful  bit  of  poetic  workmanship  and  will  be  treasured  alike  for  its 
tender  sentiment  and  its  literary  excellence."  A  successful  serial  story  from 
her  pen  was  published  in  the  Canadian  Courier  in  1910  and  the  Victoria  Post 
wrote:  "Mrs.  Mackay's  poem  The  Homesteader  sings  the  sentiments  of  an 
intelligent,  sensitive,  refined  woman  regarding  the  new"  home  and  its  opportuni- 
ties in  Canada  as  compared  with  the  old  home  across  the  sea,  and  beautifully 
are  those  sentiments  expressed.  It  is  to  such  women  that  Canada  owes  a  debt 
of  gratitude.  The  west  proudly  claims  such  women  as  Mrs.  Isabel  Ecclestone 
Mackay."  Another  serial  of  which  she  is  the  author  was  published  in  1912  in 
the  Canadian  Home  Journal.  The  Canadian  Magazine  recently  said :  ''Mrs. 
Mackay  is  one  of  the  cleverest  writers  we  have.  Her  work,  both  in  prose  and 
in  verse,  is  finding  a  high  place  in  the  United  States  and  England.  In  prose 
she  displays  a  keen,  analytical  mind,  a  genius  for  new  ideas  and  a  style  that 
is  easy  and  convincing.  In  poetry  she  is  versatile  and  perhaps,  as  yet,  at  her 
best.  As  a  writer  in  a  beautiful  lyrical  style  she  has  few  superiors  in  these  days." 

Mrs.  Mackay's  first  novel,  The  House  of  Windows,  published  in  1912  by 
Cassell  &  Company  (London,  New  York,  Toronto  and  Melbourne),  received 
much  favorable  comment.  The  London  Times  termed  it  "An  enjoyable  tale, 
of  much  fresh,  wholesome  sentiment,"  while  the  Atherueum  of  London  wrote  that 
it  "possesses  the  charm  of  fresh,  straightforwardness ;  the  pictures  of  life  are 
vivid  and  well  drawn."  The  Western  Daily  Press  of  Bristol  said :  "An  exciting 
chase,  with  a  sensational  conclusion.  The  author  is  skilful  in  character  study. 
There  are  many  persons  in  the  plot  and  the  diversified  features  of  their  lives  are 
admirably  handled."  The  Toronto  Globe  wrote:  "The  carefully  worked  out 
plot,  the  human  interest  and  the  fascination  of  the  climax  indicate  that  the 
author  has  entered  upon  a  new  field  of  literary  conquest.  The  adventures  of 
Christine  are  told  with  good  taste  and  real  fascination."  The  Canadian  Maga- 
zine said:  "In  the  development  of  the  character  of  Christine  and  the  present- 
ment of  her  environment  Mrs.  Mackay's  best  work  is  encountered ;  a  three  cor- 
nered search,  making  it  a  novel  of  mystery  with  many  tense  and  exciting 
moments.  The  last  chapter  reveals  Mrs.  Mackay's  art  at  its  best."  The  Book- 
man of  London  added:  "It  is  something  to  find  the  Canadian  spirit  so  fresh 


846  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

and  bold.  The  House  of  Windows  holds  human  and  likeable  folk  as  well  as 
sensation;  indeed,  there  is  a  spirit  about  it  which  interests  and  compels  our 
attention." 

Mrs.  Mackay  is  a  member  of  the  Canadian  Society  of  Authors  and  she  was 
honored  by  being  chosen  the  first  president  of  the  Vancouver  branch  of  the 
Canadian  Women's  Press  Club.  She  is  also  vice  president  for  British  Columbia 
and  Alberta  of  the  Canadian  Women's  Press  Club  and  she  was  first  vice  presi- 
dent of  the  Vancouver  Women's  Canadian  Club  in  1912.  This  province  is  proud 
to  number  among  its  residents  an  author  of  such  notable  talent,  of  whom  the 
Toronto  News  says:  "No  other  Canadian  writer  is  producing  work  equal  in 
strength,  beauty  and  balance." 


JOHN  EWEN. 

John  Ewen,  a  well  known  barrister  of  Chilliwack,  was  born  in  Aberdeen- 
shire,  Scotland,  October  23,  1867,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Elizabeth  Ewen,  the 
former  of  whom  has  passed  away.  He  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  Aberdeenshire  and  Alec  Thomson's  Collegiate  Institute,  later  taking  a  course 
in  law  at  Aberdeen  University.  He  was  admitted  as  a  solicitor  in  Scotland  in 
1894  and  practiced  in  that  country  very  successfully  until  1909.  In  1911  he  came 
to  British  Columbia  and  was  immediately  admitted  as  a  solicitor.  In  July,  1912, 
he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  and  in  the  same  year  moved  to 
Chilliwack,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  has  proved  a  capable,  strong  and 
forceful  practitioner  and  in  one  year  has  secured  a  lucrative  patronage,  which 
he  is  very  successful  in  conducting. 

Mr.  Ewen  married  Miss  Annie  Strachan,  a  daughter  of  James  Strachan,  of 
Aberdeen,  Scotland.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ewen  have  become  the  parents  of  three  chil- 
dren, two  sons  and  one  daughter.  Mr.  Ewen  is  connected  fraternally  with  St. 
George  Lodge,  No.  190,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Aberdeen;  St.  George  Chapter,  No. 
21,  R.  A.  M. ;  and  was  P.  Z.  of  St.  Machar  Chapter.  His  attention  is  largely 
concentrated  upon  his  legal  interests  and  he  has  gained  an  enviable  place  in  a 
profession  where  advancement  depends  almost  entirely  upon  individual  merit. 


JAMES  ZACCHEUS  CHOATE. 

James  Zaccheus  Choate,  who  since  1888  has  been  connected  with  the  Can- 
adian Pacific  Railroad  and  who  has  now  reached  the  responsible  position  of 
bridge  and  building  master  at  Vancouver,  is  a  native  of  Ontario  born  in  Went- 
worth  county  on  the  I2th  of  September,  1863,  his  parents  being  Zaccheus  Burn- 
ham  and  Margaret  Choate,  the  former  well  known  in  agricultural  circles  of  that 
locality. 

The  public  schools  of  Wentworth  and  Haldimand  counties  afforded  James 
Zaccheus  Choate  his  educational  opportunities  and  immediately  upon  laying  aside 
his  books  he  became  connected  with  railroading,  securing  employment  on  the 
Grand  Trunk  system  in  1880.  He  made  his  headquarters  at  Stratford,  Ontario, 
and  was  active  in  bridge  construction  work  for  this  road  and  for  different  con- 
tractors in  the  same  line,  until  1888,  when  he  associated  himself  with  the  Can- 
adian Pacific  Railroad  and  moved  to  Vancouver  where  he  has  since  resided.  He 
was  very  proficient  in  everything  connected  with  railroad  bridge  building,  and  his 
knowledge  has  increased  with  broadened  experience  so  that  he  is  today  considered 
an  authority  in  the  line  of  work  to  which  he  has  devoted  the  activities  of  his  entire 
career.  He  remained  as  bridge  foreman  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  until  1901 
when  he  was  advanced  to  the  position  of  bridge  and  building  master  at  Nelson 
and  Vancouver  and  in  this  office  he  has  since  acted,  founding  success  in  the  dis- 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  847 

charge  of  its  duties  upon  long  familiarity  with  the  work,  expert  knowledge, 
reliability,  integrity  and  industry. 

In  Burlington,  Washington,  on  the  6th  of  September,  1893,  Mr.  Choate  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Alice  Crick,  a  daughter  of  Henry  and  Harriet  Crick, 
of  English  ancestry.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Choate  have  six  children:  Edward,  Edith, 
William,  Percy,  Robert,  and  Frances. 

Mr.  Choate  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church  and  is  connected  fraternally 
with  Cascade  Lodge  No.  12,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  and  with  the  Independent  Order  of 
Odd  Fellows.  His  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party.  A 
quarter  of  a  century  of  able  service  in  the  employ  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Rail- 
road has  brought  him  the  confidence  and  regard  of  his  superiors  who  recognize 
his  trustworthiness  and  ability,  and  the  respect  and  good-will  of  his  associates 
who  know  his  kindly  nature  and  his  many  sterling  traits  of  character. 


GEORGE  LIVINGSTONE  CASSADY. 

Investigation  into  the  history  of  the  New  Westminster  bar  easily  indicates 
the  high  standing  of  the  law  firm  of  McQuarrie,  Martin  &  Cassady,  barristers 
and  solicitors.  As  a  member  of  this  firm  the  subject  of  this  review  ranks  high 
in  local  circles  and  though  a  young  man  he  has  proven  his  ability  in  the  careful 
preparation  of  his  cases  and  their  skilful  conduct  before  the  courts. 

George  Livingstone  Cassady  was  born  in  Vancouver,  July  31,  1889,  a  son 
of  George  and  Jane  R.  Cassady.  While  spending  his  boyhood  days  under  the 
parental  roof  he  pursued  his  education  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  Van- 
couver and  then  began  preparation  for  the  bar  as  a  law  student  in  the  office  and 
under  the  direction  of  the  Hon.  W.  K.  Bowser,  K.  C,  of  Vancouver,  in  1904. 
He  studied  under  the  direction  of  Joseph  Martin,  K.  C.,  of  Vancouver,  from 
1905  until  1907,  and  was  with  Wade,  Whealler,  McQuarrie  &  Martin,  of  New 
Westminster,  from  1907  until  1911.  In  the  latter  year  he  was  called  to  the  bar 
of  British  Columbia  and  since  1912  has  practiced  in  his  present  connection  as 
a  member  of  the  firm  of  McQuarrie,  Martin  &  Cassady,  which  has  high  stand- 
ing at  the  bar  of  New  Westminster. 

Mr.  Cassady  is  well  known  in  various  fraternal  and  club  relations,  holding 
membership  with  the  Masonic  lodge,  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia,  the 
Westminster  Club  and  the  Burnaby  Country  Club.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
Presbyterian  church  and  votes  with  the  conservative  party.  Yachting  affords  him 
recreation  and  he  finds  great  enjoyment  therein.  Always  a  resident  of  the  north- 
west, he  possesses  the  spirit  of  enterprise  and  progress  which  has  ever  been  typical 
of  this  section  of  the  country.  Laudable  ambition  prompts  him  in  all  that  he 
does  and  he  is  gradually  working  his  way  upward,  already  having  attained  a 
prominent  place  among  the  strong  and  able  barristers  of  his  adopted  city. 


WILLIAM  HOWIESON  ANDERSON. 

Since  his  arrival  in  British  Columbia  in  1907,  William  Howieson  Anderson 
has  made  continuous  progress  in  his  business  career  and  is  now  handling  and 
controlling  important  interests  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Anderson  &  Jubb, 
real-estate  and  financial  agents.  A  native  of  Newcastle,  England,  he  was  born 
in  1883  and  came  of  Scotch  and  English  ancestry.  His  parents  were  William 
Howieson  and  Janet  Miller  (McKay)  Anderson.  The  father,  a  native  of  Forfar- 
shire,  Scotland,  became  a  practicing  physician  and  was  elected  F.  R.  C.  S.  in 
Edinburgh.  He  died  in  1906  at  the  age  of  sixty-five  years.  His  wife,  a  native 
of  Northumberland,  England,  was  a  daughter  of  John  McKay,  a  marine  engineer 
of  Newcastle,  England.  Mrs.  Anderson  now  resides  in  Liverpool. 


848  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

William  H.  Anderson,  whose  name  introduces  this  review,  was  educated  at 
Birkenhead,  England,  entering  the  Birkenhead  Institute  at  the  age  of  seven  years 
and  therein  pursuing  his  studies  until  he  left  that  school  when  sixteen  years  of 
age.  In  1899  ne  became  an  employe  of  the  firm  of  Heilbut-Symons  &  Company, 
general  merchants.  They  were  the  largest  importers  of  raw  rubber  in  Liverpool, 
England,  and  with  that  house  he  remained  until  1907,  when,  believing  that  Can- 
adian opportunities  were  superior  to  those  offered  young  men  in  the  mother 
country,  he  decided  to  leave  England  and  in  1907  settled  in  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia.  There  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Herman  House  Company,  dealers 
in  real  estate,  with  whom  he  remained  until  the  latter  part  of  1908.  In  that  year 
he  went  to  Australia  for  the  purpose  of  investigating  conditions  in  that  country, 
but  after  remaining  there  for  about  a  year  he  decided  that  Canada  was  more  to 
his  liking  and  in  August,  1909,  returned  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  where 
he  remained  for  a  short  time.  Being  attracted  by  reports  of  great  fortunes  being 
made  in  the  mining  camps  of  Nevada,  he  located  at  Goldfield,  that  state,  where 
he  followed  prospecting  and  mining  but  with  indifferent  success.  In  1910  he 
returned  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  from  which  point  he  immediately  left 
for  the  Yukon  Territory,  where  he  again  engaged  in  prospecting  and  mining. 
His  efforts  were  rewarded  with  little  that  was  encouraging  and,  leaving  there  in 
191.1,  he  made  his  way  to  Victoria,  where  he  secured  a  position  with  a  real- 
estate  firm,  acting  as  salesman  until  September  of  that  year,  at  which  time  he 
entered  the  real-estate  businesss  on  his  own  account.  In  February,  1912,  he  was 
joined  by  G.  E.  Jubb  and  the  firm  of  Anderson  &  Jubb  was  organized,  with 
offices  at  No.  1212  Douglas  street.  Soon  afterward  they  removed  to  the  Green 
building  at  No.  1216  Broad  street,  where  they  are  now  pleasantly  located.  They 
are  conducting  a  general  real-estate  business,  specializing  in  city  and  country 
property  on  Vancouver  island.  Already  they  have  negotiated  many  important 
realty  transfers  and  their  business  is  growing  along  substantial  lirfes. 

Mr.  Anderson's  military  record  consists  of  three  years'  connection  with  the 
Denbighshire  Hussars.  In  politics  he  is  a  conservative  but  not  active.  His  relig- 
ious association  is  with  the  Presbyterian  church.  His  efforts  are  largely  con- 
centrated upon  his  business  affairs  and  the  firm  has  been  successful  in  the 
real-estate  field  from  the  first.  They  are  now  arranging  to  secure  larger  office 
accommodations  in  order  to  better  handle  their  increasing  patronage.  Mr.  Ander- 
son is  a  self-made  man,  having  met  and  overcome  many  obstacles  and  reverses 
through  his  perseverance  and  aggressiveness,  and  he  deserves  all  the  success 
which  has  come  to  him. 


DONALD  McLEAN. 

One  cannot  carry  investigation  far  into  the  history  of  the  pioneer  settlement 
of  the  district  around  Port  Coquitlam  without  becoming  familiar  with  the  part 
which  Donald  McLean  took  in  its  early  development  and  upbuilding.  He  has 
lived  in  this  part  of  British  Columbia  since  the  spring  of  1859  and  has  seen  the 
section  transformed  from  a  wild  and  uncultivated  wilderness  into  a  prosperous 
and  beautiful  country ;  has  witnessed  the  foundation  and  upbuilding  of  cities,  the 
growth  of  great  industries,  the  establishment  of  public  institutions,  the  years 
chronicling  his  individual  success  and  his  active  participation  in  all  work  of 
improvement  and  progress.  He  is  now  living  retired  in  Port  Coquitlam,  where 
he  has  long  made  his  home,  and  his  period  of  leisure  rewards  a  life  of  earnest, 
straightforward  and  faithful  work. 

Mr.  McLean  was  born  in  Watkins,  Washington,  on  the  i7th  of  August,  1856, 
and  he  is  a  son  of  Captain  Alexander  and  Jane  McLean,  the  former  of  whom  fol- 
lowed the  sea  for  forty  years.  He  was  a  pioneer  in  California,  going  to  that 
state  during  the  gold  excitement  of  1849,  and  he  afterward  removed  to  British 
Columbia,  settling  in  this  province  in  the  spring  of  1859,  when  his  son  Donald, 


DONALD  MCLEAN 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  851 

of  this  review,  was  a  child.  The  family  located  in  Pitt  Meadows,  now  Port 
Coquitlam,  thirty  years  before  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  built  its  first  track 
into  British  Columbia.  Amid  the  pioneer  conditions  then  prevailing  Donald 
McLean  grew  to  manhood,  with  Indians  as  his  neighbors  and  the  wilderness  for 
his  playground.  Through  much  association  with  the  semi-savages  who  infested 
this  region  and  who  often  stole  cattle  from  his  father's  ranch  he  learned  the 
Indian  language,  which  in  his  childhood  he  spoke  better  than  his  own.  He  grew 
up  with  the  country,  witnessing  the  evolution  of  the  wilderness  into  productive 
farms  and  the  development  of  the  little  hamlet  of  Pitt  Meadows  into  the  busy 
and  flourishing  city  which  is  now  Port  Coquitlam.  With  business  discrimina- 
tion, alive  to  the  splendid  advantages  which  these  conditions  afforded,  he  made 
heavy  and  extensive  investments  in  land  and  now  owns  large  interests  in  Van- 
couver, New  Westminster,  Port  Coquitlam  and  throughout  the  province.  He 
is  looked  upon  as  the  father  of  Port  Coquitlam  and  is  one  of  the  very  earliest 
residents  of  the  city,  whose  stable  institutions  and  present  prosperity  are  owing 
in  large  measure  to  his  straightforward,  earnest  and  industrious  work  in  early 
years.  Here  his  name  stands  as  a  synonym  for  progress,  reform  and  advance- 
ment, for  high  integrity,  strict  honesty  and  straightforward  dealings,  and  it  is 
highly  honored  and  respected  wherever  it  is  known. 

Mr.  McLean  married,  on  the  loth  of  April,  1881,  Miss  Agnes  Munday,  a 
daughter  of  George  and  Jane  Munday,  old  settlers  in  Sapperton.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
McLean  are  the  parents  of  four  children:  Maude,  who  is  Mrs.  W.  Fraser,  of 
Port  Coquitlam ;  May  C. ;  George ;  and  Annie  Isabella.  The  family  are  members 
of  the  Presbyterian  church.  Mr.  McLean  gives  a  stanch  allegiance  to  the  con- 
servative party  and  has  always  been  more  or  less  active  in  public  affairs,  serving 
for  nine  years  as  a  member  of  the  municipal  council.  His  wife  also  did  earnest 
and  effective  work  as  school  trustee  for  five  years. 

Mr.  McLean  has  of  late  years  lived  retired  in  one  of  the  most  beautiful  homes 
in  this'city,  surrounded  by  all  the  comforts  and  luxuries  which  wealth  can  pro- 
cure. Although  he  has  gained  a  fortune,  he  has  never  been  known  to  take  advan- 
tage of  any  man  in  a  business  transaction  and  the  most  envious  cannot  grudge 
him  his  prosperity — so  worthily  has  it  been  won,  so  well  used. 


JOHN  McDADE. 

John  McDade,  residing  in  Vancouver,  has  been  very  successful  in  his  mining 
and  other  business  ventures  and  ranks  with  the  prominent  business  men  of  the 
city  in  which  he  now  makes  his  home.  He  was  a  pioneer  of  the  Yukon  and  his 
life  history  contains  many  incidents  and  events  of  interest  connected  with  the 
development  of  the  northwest.  He  was  born  in  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  Decem- 
ber 24,  1863,  and  is  a  son  of  Michael  and  Bridget  (Gallagher)  McDade,  both  of 
whom  were  natives  of  Ireland  but  came  to  Canada  in  childhood.  They  were 
married  in  New  Brunswick  and  the  father,  who  was  a  shipbuilder,  followed  that 
trade  in  New  Brunswick  throughout  the  remainder  of  his  life.  Both  he  and 
his  wife  are  now  deceased. 

Through  attendance  at  the  public  and  high  schools  at  St.  John,  Mr.  McDade, 
of  this  review,  acquired  his  education  and  afterward  learned  the  butcher's  trade, 
which  he  followed  until  twenty-two  years  of  age.  In  1897  ne  came  to  Vancouver, 
making  his  way  westward  with  a  party  headed  by  Colonel  Domville,  a  member 
of  the  Dominion  parliament  from  New  Brunswick.  In  the  summer  of  1897  they 
built  a  stern  wheel  boat  on  False  creek,  which  was  named  the  James  Domville, 
and  in  that  boat,  on  the  nth  of  May,  1898,  they  started  for  the  Yukon,  going  by 
way  of  the  inland  passage  through  the  Behring  sea  and  up  the  Yukon  river, 
twenty-eight  hundred  miles  from  St.  Michael's  to  Dawson,  arriving  there  in  July, 
just  sixty-three  days  after  starting.  Their  boat  and  the  Yukoner,  owned  and  com- 


852 

manded  by  Captain  John  Irving,  of  Victoria,  were  the  first  two  boats  to  go  up 
the  Yukon  river.  The  party  spent  the  first  five  or  six  months  in  prospecting  on 
Bear  creek.  Mr.  McDade  afterward  engaged  in  mining  on  Bonanza  creek  on 
claim  No.  30,  spending  two  years  there.  He  next  removed  to  No.  80  on  Dom- 
inion creek,  where  he  mined  for  two  years  and  then  returned  to  Bonanza  creek. 
He  was  there  a  third  owner  in  a  mine  on  King  Solomon  Hill,  his  partners  being 
Mr.  Baker,  of  Redlands,  California,  and  Mr.  Miller,  of  Wisconsin.  He  was 
half  owner  of  the  hotel  on  claim  No.  22  below  on  Bonanza  and  remained  there, 
operating  a  hotel  and  the  mine  for  nearly  five  years.  In  the  winter  of  1906  he 
sold  out  and  returned  to  Vancouver,  where  he  engaged  in  the  hotel  business. 

In  August,  1907,  Mr.  McDade  leased  and  opened  the  Clarendon  Hotel  on 
Main  street,  which  he  conducted  for  three  years  and  then  sold  to  Fox  &  Dick- 
son.  Three  months  later  he  opened  the  Cecil  Hotel  on  Granville  street,  which  he 
conducted  for  a  year  and  then  sold  to  Charles  Hartley.  While  in  the  Cecil  he 
invested  in  land  on  Lulu  Island,  on  the  banks  of  the  Fraser  river.  After  hold- 
ing that  property  for  fifteen  months  he  disposed  of  it  at  a  handsome  profit  and 
purchased  the  Bodega  Hotel  on  Carroll  street.  This  he  held  for  fifteen  months 
and  sold  in  1912  to  Thomas  Taylor.  Early  in  that  year  he  purchased  a  large 
stock  ranch  at  Chilliwack,  British  Columbia,  where  he  is  extensively  engaged 
in  the  breeding  of  standard  bred  and  heavy  draft  horses.  He  is  now  completing 
the  work  of  stocking  the  farm  with  pure  bred,  imported,  white-faced  Hereford 
cattle.  Since  his  return  from  the  Yukon  he  has  been  an  active  breeder  of  har- 
ness horses,  and  until  establishing  his  farm  at  Chilliwack  maintained  his  stables 
in  Vancouver.  He  is  the  owner  of  Delbars,  who  has  the  record  of  2:11%; 
Josephine,  a  four-year  old,  with  a  record  of  2  :c>7*4  ;  Local  Option,  with  a  three 
years'  record  of  2:13;  and  the  famous  Bland  S.,  holder  of  the  Canadian  pacing 
record  of  2:03^4,  which  he  won  at  Edmonton,  Alberta,  in  August,  1911.  He 
is  at  present  in  training  under  William  Rash  at  Memphis,  Tennessee.  This 
season  he  will  appear  on  the  Lake  Erie  and  Great  Western  circuit.  His  last 
appearance  will  be  at  Dallas,  Texas,  in  the  2  104  pace.  Mr.  McDade  will  also 
have  other  horses  on  this  same  circuit.  He  also  operates  in  real  estate  in  Van- 
couver and  suburbs. 

In  November,  1908,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  McDade  was  married  to  Eveline 
Donovan,  of  Edmonton,  Alberta,  and  they  have  two  daughters,  Kathleen  Beatrice 
and  Electa  Irene.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McDade  are  members  of  the  Holy  Rosary  church, 
in  the  work  of  which  Mrs.  McDade  takes  an  active  and  helpful  part.  He  is  a 
liberal  in  politics  and  was  an  earnest  worker  in  the  ranks  of  his  party  when  in 
the  Yukon,  but  now  concentrates  his  attention  upon  his  business  interests,  which 
are  carefully  managed  and  wisely  directed,  bringing  him  a  measure  of  success 
that  places  him  among  the  prominent  and  prosperous  business  men  of  Vancouver. 


HERBERT  E.  BINGHAM. 

Vancouver  numbers  among  its  most  representative,  progressive  and  enterpris- 
ing business  men  Herbert  E.  Bingham,  to  whose  initiative  spirit  the  Railway 
Town  Sites,  Limited,  owes  its  foundation  and  incorporation  and  to  whose  execu- 
tive and  administrative  ability  as  its  president  the  company  is  indebted  for  its 
rapid  growth  and  continued  development.  He  is  at  the  head  of  one  of  the 
large  and  important  business  houses  of  the  city  and  the  field  of  his  activities 
extends  beyond  municipal  and  provincial  limits,  his  labors  being  important  fac- 
tors in  business  development  on  the  Pacific  coast. 

Mr.  Bingham  was  born  in  Crysler,  Ontario,  October  8,  1868,  and  is  a  son 
of  Charles  W.  and  Isabelle  (Stephenson)  Bingham,  natives  of  that  province.  He 
is  a  descendant  of  old  United  Empire  Loyalist  stock  and  the  house  in  which  he 
was  born  was  also  his  father's  birthplace.  The  latter  was  a  merchant  in  Crysler 
and  spent  his  entire  life  in  that  city,  taking  an  active  part  in  public  affairs  and 


HERBERT  BINGHAM 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  855 

holding  various  important  town  offices.  He  died  there  when  in  his  sixty-fifth 
year  and  his  wife  passed  away  at  the  same  age. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  town  Herbert  Bingham  acquired  his  edu- 
cation and  at  the  age  of  nineteen  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  for  himself 
in  Crysler.  He  built  up  a  large  and  representative  patronage  and  controlled  an 
important  trade  along  that  line  until  1904,  when  he  disposed  of  his  interests  and 
in  1906  went  to  Cobalt,  Ontario,  becoming  active  in  business  there  during  the 
boom  days.  In  1908,  his  wife's  health  demanding  a  change  of  climate,  he  came 
west  and,  stopping  off  for  twelve  months  in  Edmonton,  he  there  engaged  in  the 
real-estate  business.  Mr.  Bingham  came  to  Vancouver  in  February,  1909,  and 
immediately  entered  the  real-estate  business,  acquiring  a  financial  interest  in  a 
number  of  companies  here  and  remaining  active  along  this  line  ever  since.  After 
he  had  become  well  established  he  opened  offices  in  various  cities  throughout 
the  western  states  and  provinces  and  was  soon  in  control  of  an  important  and 
lucrative  trade  which  his  initiative  ability  and  power  of  control  made  him  very 
successful  in  conducting.  In  January,  1913,  the  several  companies  were  merged 
and  the  business  reorganized  under  the  name  of  the  Railway  Town  Sites,  Limited, 
with  Mr.  Bingham  as  president.  The  main  office  is  located  in  Vancouver  with 
branches  in  nearly  twenty  cities  in  western  Canada  and  the  United  States  and 
the  business  is  constantly  growing  in  volume  and  importance,  the  company  devot- 
ing its  energies  to  railway  town  sites  throughout  the  western  provinces  from 
-Winnipeg  to  Vancouver  and  Mr.  Bingham  making  it  his  aim  to  constantly  enlarge 
the  field  of  activities.  In  Vancouver  he  is  recognized  as  an  able,  forceful  and 
discriminating  business  man  possessed  of  keen  and  incisive  qualities  of  mind 
and  the  faculty  of  carrying  forward  to  successful  completion  whatever  he  under- 
takes. He  has  been  identified  with  a  great  deal  of  important  and  constructive 
work  along  business  lines  since  his  arrival  in  the  city  and  is  classed  today  among 
the  men  of  prominence  and  influence. 

In  Crysler,  Ontario,  in  1896,  Mr.  Bingham  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Annie  E.  Johnstone  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  a  son,  Carl,  who  is 
fourteen  years  of  age.  Mrs.  Bingham  is  an  Episcopalian  in  her  religious  faith 
and  a  member  of  the  Woman's  auxiliary  of  the  English  church.  She  is  a  member 
of  the  Local  Council  of  Women  of  the  Canadian  Club  and  a  shareholder  in  the 
Vancouver  Woman's  Club  building  and  the  Strathcona  Institute. 

While  a  resident  of  the  east  Mr.  Bingham  was  active  in  all  kinds  of  out- 
door sports  and  was  especially  interested  in  lacrosse  and  baseball.  He  was  also 
an  enthusiastic  huntsman,  spending  a  few  weeks  of  every  year  in  hunting  big 
game  in  the  province  of  Quebec.  His  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  con- 
servative party  and  he  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  Masonic  lodge.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Progress  Club  of  Vancouver  and  is  interested  in  everything  that 
pertains  to  the  city's  advancement  and  welfare,  cooperating  heartily  in  measures 
of  reform  and  progress.  The  activities  which  have  brought  him  individual  suc- 
cess have  influenced  also  business  expansion  in  Vancouver  and  his  name  stands 
for  integrity,  straightforwardness  and  honorable  dealing  wherever  it  is  known. 


JOHN  ARCHIBALD  McTAVISH. 

Since  February,  1909,  John  Archibald  McT.avish  has  been  engaged  in  the 
customs  brokerage  business,  conducting  interests  on  his  own  account  since  October, 
1911,  when  he  and  his  brother  purchased  the  business  of  Leeming  Brothers,  with 
which  he  had  formerly  been  connected.  Their  partnership  is  maintained  under 
the  style  of  McTavish  Brothers  and  as  such  they  represent  a  number  of  large 
European  houses.  Their  business  is  constantly  growing  and  their  position  is 
now  well  established  among  representative  business  men  of  Victoria. 

It  was  in  Victoria  that  John  Archibald  McTavish  was  born  December  4,  1879, 
his  parents  being  George  A.  and  Catherine  Amelia  (Helmcken)  McTavish.  The 


856  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

father,  a  native  of  the  state  of  New  York,  removed  to  British  Columbia,  establish- 
ing the  family  home  in  Victoria.  The  paternal  grandparents  were  natives  of  Scot- 
land, and  the  grandfather  was  for  many  years  general  manager  of  the  Bank  of 
British  North  America  in  New  York,  where  his  death  occurred  in  1889.  The 
grandmother  is  now  a  resident  of  Victoria.  The  maternal  grandfather,  John 
Sebastian  Helmcken,  M.  R.  C.  S.,  L.  S.  A.,  was  a  native  of  London,  England,  but 
of  pure  German  ancestry  and  in  1850  emigrated  to  Canada.  Extended  mention 
of  his  life  work  appears  on  another  page  of  this  work. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Victoria,  John  A.  McTavish  pursued  his  education, 
completing  his  course  in  1894.  The  following  year  he  became  connected  with 
the  Dominion  civil  service,  being  assigned  to  a  position  in  the  customs  department 
at  Victoria.  He  remained  in  the  civil  service  until  February,  1909,  or  for  a  period 
of  fourteen  years,  when  he  left  his  position  to  become  a  partner  of  Leeming 
Brothers,  customs  brokers.  In  October,  1911,  he  and  his  brother  purchased  the 
business  of  Leeming  Brothers  and  now  conduct  a  customs  brokerage  enterprise 
under  the  firm  style  of  McTavish  Brothers.  The  business  was  established  in 
i88b  and  has  continuously  existed  to  the  present  time,  although  under  different 
partnership  relations.  McTavish  Brothers  now  act  as  agents  for  many  of  the 
large  companies  of  Europe  and  America,  among  which  are  W.  Wingate  &  John- 
ston, Limited,  of  London,  the  Adams  Express  Company  in  connection  with  the 
Oceanic  Transit  Company  and  Jacob  and  Valentine  of  Berlin,  Germany.  In 
addition  to  his  interest  in  the  business  Mr.  McTavish  has  invested  to  some  extent 
in  real  estate  not  only  in  Victoria  but  also  elsewhere. 

For  nine  years  Mr.  McTavish  was  a  member  of  the  Fifth  Regiment  of  Canadian 
Artillery.  He  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  his 
religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Reformed  Episcopal  church.  He  belongs  to  the 
Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia,  of  which  he  was  honorary  treasurer  for  five 
years,  and  he  also  holds  membership  with  the  Pacific  Club  and  the  James  Bay 
Athletic  Association.  He  takes  a  lively  interest  in  rowing,  cricket,  baseball,  foot- 
ball, fishing,  shooting  and  all  manly  outdoor  sports  and  displays  considerable 
ability  as  an  amateur.  Throughout  his  entire  life  he  has  made  his  home  in  his 
native  city,  and  that  his  record  is  a  creditable  one  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that 
those  who  have  known  him  longest  are  numbered  among  his  stanchest  friends. 


JAMES  HENRY  FORTUNE. 

James  Henry  Fortune,  a  representative  and  prosperous  resident  of  Kerris- 
dale,  has  since  January,  1911,  held  the  responsible  position  of  superintendent  of 
the  water  department  of  the  municipality  of  Point  Grey.  His  birth  occurred  in 
London,  England,  on  the  2/th  of  January,  1870,  his  parents  being  Charles  Robert 
and  Margaret  (Davis)  Fortune.  Since  1879  the  father  has  occupied  the  office  of 
city  engineer  of  Bath,  Somersetshire,  England,  and  is  still  in  that  position.  Pre- 
vious to  that  time  he  acted  as  borough  engineer  for  the  local  government  board 
of  Hornsey. 

James  H.  Fortune  acquired  his  education  in  the  schools  of  Bath,  and  Weston 
College.  After  putting  aside  his  text-books  he  secured  a  position  in  the  city  en- 
gineer's department  of  Bath,  being  employed  under  his  father  until  1889.  In 
that  year  he  went  to  London  a*nd  was  there  employed  by  various  firms  of  civil 
engineers  for  a  period  of  five  years.  In  1894  he  entered  the  service  of  Goddard, 
Massey  &  Werner  at  Nottingham,  one  of  the  foremost  firms  of  civil  engineers  in 
the  north  of  England,  with  whom  he  remained  for  two  years.  In  1896  he  became 
associated  with  James  Longden  at  Neepsend,  Sheffield,  continuing  in  his  employ 
until  1904.  During  this  period  he  had  charge  of  the  construction  of  a  large  plant 
at  Chesterfield  which  was  built  for  the  Universal  Weldless  Steel  Tubes  Manu- 
facturing Company,  Limited,  under  James  Hardisty,  manager  for  Armstrong  & 
Whitworth  of  Newcastle-on-Tyne.  In  1904  he  became  clerk  of  works  for  B.  S. 


JAMES  H.  FORTUNE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  859 

Jacobs,  F.  R.  I.  B.  A.,  of  Bowlalley  lane,  Hull,  England,  with  whom  he  remained 
for  five  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  went  to  Withernsea,  York- 
shire, where  he  had  charge  of  the  construction  of  the  sea  wall  and  the  roadway, 
laid  out  the  cemetery  and  built  the  timber  groins  on  the  fore  shore.  All  this 
was  done  at  an  outlay  of  seventy-five  thousand  dollars  and  completed  in  the  rec- 
ord time  of  three  months.  In  1909  Mr.  Fortune  came  to  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia,  where  he  was  variously  employed  until  December  2,  1910.  In  1910 
the  council  of  Point  Grey  decided  to  install  a  municipal  water  system,  and  the 
work  was  entrusted  to  Messrs.  Cleveland  &  Cameron,  civil  engineers  of  Van- 
couver. J.  H.  Fortune  was  appointed  inspector  for  the  new  system  which  com- 
prised the  laying  of  about  thirty-nine  miles  of  mains  and  the  construction  of  a 
reservoif.  This  work  was  started  in  January,  1911,  and  completed  January, 
1912.  In  the  same  month  Mr.  Fortune  was  elected  from  among  forty-seven  ap- 
plicants to  the  position  of  water  superintendent,  since  which  time  the  water  sys- 
tem has  come  under  his  control,  and  the  mileage  of  mains  now  in  use  in  the  munic- 
ipality is  approximately  one  hundred  and  five. 

Mr.  Fortune  has  been  twice  married.  On  the  23d  of  December,  1896,  he 
wedded  Miss  Mabel  Watkinson,  of  Derbyshire,  a  daughter  of  Albert  Edward 
Watkinson.  She  passed  away  on  the  1st  of  March,  1902,  leaving  one  child,  Mar- 
garet Gertrude.  On  the  22d  of  December,  1903,  Air.  Fortune  was  again  married, 
his  second  union  being  with  Miss  Alice  Maud  Gilbey,  a  daughter  of  Edward 
Gilbey,  of  Hull,  England.  Mr.  Fortune's  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Church  of 
England,  to  which  he  belongs.  His  has  been  an  active,  busy  and  useful  life,  which 
at  all  times  has  conformed  to  the  highest  principles  of  manhood  and  citizenship. 


DUGALD   McKENZIE. 

The  history  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad,  of  its  organization,  its  growth 
and  continued  development  and  expansion  is  a  combination  of  the  stories  of  the 
lives  and  activities  of  many  men,  men  whose  brains  conceived  the  great  project 
and  whose  ability  carried  it  forward  to  completion,  but,  above  all,  the  men  who 
have  done  the  actual  work  of  service,  the  engineers,  conductors,  brakemen  and 
others  upon  whose  fidelity,  reliability  and  efficiency  rests  to  a  great  extent  the 
stability  and  growth  of  the  great  corporation.  Prominent  in  this  class  is  Dugald 
McKenzie,  who  since  pioneer  times,  some  thirty  years,  has  been  connected  with 
the  company  as  engineer,  his  loyalty,  efficiency,  energy  and  fidelity  during  the 
years  making  him  today  one  of  the  most  trusted  employes  of  the  company  he 
serves.  He  is  still  active  at  the  throttle  of  his  engine,  making  regular  runs  out 
of  Vancouver  to  North  Bend.  Mr.  McKenzie  was  born  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  on 
the  1 3th  of  September,  1863,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Mary  McKenzie,  natives 
of  Scotland,  who  came  to  Canada  in  the  early  '505.  In  the  Dominion  the  father 
became  connected  with  the  Grand  Trunk  Railroad,  serving  it  in  the  capacity  of 
carpenter  for  many  years.  Both  have  passed  away,  the  mother  dying  in  January, 
1913,  at  the  advanced  age  of  ninety-three. 

In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Dugald  McKenzie  attended  public  school 
in  Toronto  but  laid  aside  his  books  at  the  age  of  sixteen  in  order  to  enter  the 
employ  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railroad,  remaining  in  its  service  for  about  five  years 
thereafter.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  became  connected  with  the  Canadian  Pacific 
system,  "turning"  or  dispatching  engines  at  Emerson  and  beginning  a  career  in 
the  service  of  this  road  which  has  been  marked  by  constant  fidelity  to  duty  and 
by  reliable,  conscientious  and  efficient  work  in  the  interests  of  the  road.  After 
a  few  months  at  turning  he  was  given  charge  of  an  engine  and  in  1883  made  his 
first  run  from  Winnipeg  to  Birdshill.  '  In  August  of  that  year  he  started  working 
west  along  the  line  of  construction,  following  the  road  to  its  completion  at  Fort 
Moody.  Since  1886  he  has  been  engineer  in  the  passenger  service  in  the  west, 
running  first  between  Revelstoke  and  Kamloops,  British  Columbia,  and  afterward 


860  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

from  Kamloops  to  Port  Moody.  He  brought  one  of  the  first  engines  from  Mont- 
real to  the  latter  city  and  was  concerned  with  the  making  of  other  railroad  history 
equally  as  important,  being  among  those  who  were  present  at  the  driving  of 
the  last  spike  in  the  construction  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad.  Upon  the 
occasion  of  the  presentation  of  Stanley  Park  he  was  at  the  throttle  of  the  engine 
which  pulled  Lord  Stanley,  who  was  then  on  a  visit  to  British  Columbia,  from 
Kamloops  to  North  Bend,  and  his  wood  burner  engine  also  pulled  the  train 
which  bore  the  Duke  and  Duchess  of  York,  now  the  king  and  queen  of  England, 
when  they  were  touring  Canada.  Mr.  McKenzie  and  Alexander  Mowat  are 
regarded  as  two  of  the  oldest  engineers  in  the  service  of  the  Canadian  Pacific. 
He  can  remember  the  time  when  he  had  to  eat,  sleep  and  practically  live  upon 
his  engine  and  when  he  was  able  to  endure  many  hardships  and  dangers,  faithful- 
ness, clock-like  regularity,  coolness  and  courage  being  everyday  requisites  in  the 
success  of  a  pioneer  railroad  man.  In  those  days  his  engine  was  number  6  and 
he  is  today  in  charge  of  number  2540.  His  run  is  between  Vancouver  and  North 
Bend  and  his  is  an  enviable  record  for  reliability,  cautiousness,  clear-headedness, 
coolness,  courage  and  accuracy,  upon  which  is  based  his  remarkable  success  as 
an  engineer. 

On  October  i,  1890,  Mr.  McKenzie  married  Miss  Maria  S.  Richardson,  a 
daughter  of  Edwin  and  Catherine  Richardson,  of  Montreal,  the  former  a  pioneer 
conductor  on  the  Grand  Trunk  Railroad  and  one  of  the  very  few  who  escaped 
uninjured  in  the  Jardine  accident  near  Hamilton,  when  so  many  were  killed.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Richardson  are  now  both  deceased.  Some  fifteen  years  ago  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  McKenzie  came  to  the  site  of  their  present  home  on  Burnaby  street,  when 
that  region  was  as  yet  a  woods,  and  built  their  comfortable  residence,  the  first 
building  on  what  is  now  the  south  side  of  the  street.  Mr.  McKenzie  is  a  devout 
member  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  fraternally  is  identified  with  New  West- 
minster Lodge,  No.  27,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  and  the  Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Engineers. 
Mrs.  McKenzie  is  a  member  of  the  Woman's  Canadian  Club.  Politically  Mr.  Mc- 
Kenzie gives  his  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  but  is  not  active  as  an  office 
seeker,  although  keenly  and  intelligently  interested  in  the  growth  of  the  province. 
He  is  the  son  of  pioneers  in  British  Columbia  and  from  the  cab  of  his  engine  has 
witnessed  a  great  deal  of  the  development  of  the  province  and  has  to  a  great  extent 
assisted  in  it,  the  railroad  being  admittedly  one  of  the  greatest  factors  in  the 
progress  of  civilization.  There  is  no  more  efficient,  reliable  and  faithful  represent- 
ative of  the  great  Canadian  Pacific  system  and  his  long  career  in  its  employ  has 
been  varied  in  service  and  important  in  accomplishment. 


EDWARD  HARRISS  SAVAGE. 

Edward  Harriss  Savage,  a  valued  and  representative  citizen  of  New  West- 
minster, is  prominently  connected  with  a  number  of  business  and  corporate 
concerns  in  the  city  and  is  identified  with  the  agricultural  interests  of  the  surround- 
ing district  as  a  large  holder  of  farming  property.  He  concentrates  his  attention 
upon  the  management  and  supervision  of  his  extensive  interests  and,  being  a 
progressive,  reliable  and  far-sighted  business  man,  has  met  with  a  gratifying 
measure  of  success.  He  was  born  in  County  Down,  Ireland,  March  30,  1876, 
and  is  a  son  of  William  and  Bella  (Bassett)  Savage,  the  former  a  member  of  an 
old  Irish  county  family,  representatives  of  which  came  to  Canada  in  1877,  locating 
in  the  Delta  district,  New  Westminster  county,  British  Columbia,  near  the  mouth 
of  the  Eraser  river.  There  the  father  turned  his  attention  to  farming,  acquiring 
large  holdings  and  becoming  a  prosperous  and  influential  citizen.  He  died  in  1903. 

Edward  H.  Savage  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Delta  and  in 
a  business  college  at  New  Westminster.  After  laying  aside  his  books  he  entered 
the  employ  of  F.  J.  Hart,  a  real-estate,  insurance  and  financial  broker,  and  with 
him  continued  until  1904.  In  that  year  he  became  connected  with  the  New  West- 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  861 

minster  branch  of  the  Dominion  Trust  Company,  Limited,  and  he  retained  his  posi- 
tion with  this  concern  until  1907,  when  he  moved  to  California,  where  he  spent 
one  year.  Returning  to  New  Westminster  at  the  end  of  that  time,  he  entered  into 
partnership  with  H.  C.  Major  under  the  name  of  Major  &  Savage.  They  con- 
ducted a  large  real-estate,  insurance  and  financial  brokerage  business,  developing 
an  important  and  representative  trade.  Their  partnership  continued  until  April, 
1912,  when  the  business  was  purchased  by  the  Northwest  Trust  Company,  Limited, 
and  was  made  the  New  Westminster  branch  of  this  concern.  Mr.  Savage  continued 
as  manager  until  July  i,  1913,  when  he  resigned  in  order  to  give  his  entire  atten- 
tion to  his  personal  interests  which  are  large  and  varied.  He  owns  and  operates  a 
farm  of  several  hundred  acres  on  the  prairie  and  has  also  extensive  holdings  in 
the  Delta  district,  besides  valuable  real-estate  interests  in  various  parts  of  British 
Columbia.  He  is  a  director  in  M.  J.  Knight  &  Company,  Limited,  hardware 
merchants  of  New  Westminster,  in  the  New  Westminster  Arena  Company, 
Limited,  and  is  connected  through  investment  or  official  service  with  many  other 
corporate  concerns.  A  man  of  energy,  well  timed  aggressiveness  and  force  of 
personality,  he  has  made  his  influence  felt  as  an  important  factor  in  the  general 
business  development  of  the  city  and  he  is  known  in  business  circles  as  a  man 
whose  integrity  is  unquestioned  and  whose  sagacity  is  far-reaching. 

On  the  3oth  of  April,  1913,  Mr.  Savage  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Cecilia 
E.  Finch,  a  daughter  of  O.  F.  Finch,  of  Seattle,  Washington.  Mr.  Savage  is  a 
member  of  the  New  Westminster  Club  and  the  Burnaby  Lake  Country  Club  and 
is  well  known  in  social  circles  of  the  city.  He  is  a  thirty-second  degree  Mason, 
belonging  to  King  Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  to  the  Nobles  of  the 
Mystic  Shrine.  Politically  he  is  independent,  voting  for  men  and  measures  with- 
out regard  to  party  lines.  He  stands  for  progress  at  all  times  and  seeks  his  own  suc- 
cess and  the  city's  advancement  by  no  devious  methods  but  along  lines  of  activity 
which  will  bear  the  closest  investigation  and  scrutiny. 


EDWARD  ASHLEY  WILMOT. 

Edward  Ashley  Wilmot,  a  civil  engineer  of  Vancouver,  has  held  the  impor- 
tant position  of  provincial  inspector  of  dykes  for  the  past  fourteen  years.  His 
birth  occurred  in  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  on  the  4th  of  November,  1845.  His 
father,  Hon.  Robert  Duncan  Wilmot,  represented  Sunbury  county  in  the  senate 
from  the  time  of  the  Confederation  until  1880,  and  during  the  last  two  years  of 
that  period  was  speaker  of  the  senate,  with  a  seat  in  the  cabinet.  In  1881  he  was 
appointed  lieutenant  governor  of  New  Brunswick. 

Edward  A.  Wilmot  obtained  his  early  education  in  the  Sunbury  grammar 
school  and  subsequently  attended  for  a  time  the  University  of  New  Brunswick. 
After  leaving  college  he  became  assistant  engineer  on  surveys  and  construction 
of  the  Inter-Colonial  Railway,  holding  that  position  from  1869  until  1875.  Dur- 
ing the  following  two  years  he  acted  as  resident  engineer  on  the  Montreal  Northern 
Colonization  Railway  and  as  engineer  on  the  Kingston  &  Pembroke  Railway, 
From  1877  to  1879  he  was  engaged  as  assistant  engineer  on  Canadian  Pacific 
Railway  surveys;  from  1879  to  1885  he  was  division  engineer  on  the  survey  and 
construction  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway;  from  1885  to  1889  he  was  on 
survey  work  for  the  Dominion  and  Provincial  governments  and  was  division 
engineer  on  the  construction  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway's  short  line  in  the 
eastern  townships  of  the  province  of  Quebec;  while  during  the  following  two 
years  he  was  resident  engineer  on  the  Victoria  sewerage  works.  From  1892  until 
1899  he  acted  as  city  engineer  of  Victoria.  Since  1899  he  has  been  engineer  in 
charge  of  the  construction  and  of  the  maintenance  and  management  of  dykes  for 
the  provincial  government  and  in  that  connection  has  made  a  highly  creditable 
and  commendable  record.  He  belongs  to  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers 
and  is  widely  recognized  as  an  able  and  successful  representative  of  the  profes- 


862  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

sion.  He  did  military  service  during  the  period  of  the  Fenian  raid  in  1866  and 
received  a  Fenian  raid  medal,  awarded  by  the  Dominion  government  to  survivors. 
On  the  I4th  of  October,  1879,  at  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  Mr.  Wilmot  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Isabel  Margaret  Humphrey,  a  daughter  of  William  Hum- 
phrey, who  had  been  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  at  Halifax  for  a  number 
of  years.  Our  subject  and  his  wife  have  five  children,  namely:  Hugh,  Noel, 
Gertrude,  Robert,  and  Allan.  Mr.  Wilmot  belongs  to  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria 
and  is  well  known  and  popular  in  both  business  and  social  circles  of  the  province. 


JULIA  W.  HENSHAW. 

Julia  W.  Henshaw,  writer,  lecturer  and  botanist,  is  one  of  the  renowed  and 
esteemed  women  of  Vancouver.  She  was  born  in  Durham,  England,  and  is  a 
daughter  of  William  and  Lucy  (Durham)  Henderson,  the  latter  of  Durham, 
England.  On  the  paternal  side  she  is  descended  from  the  Hendersons  of  Fyfe- 
shire,  Scotland.  Miss  Henderson  was  educated  in  schools  of  England,  France 
and  Germany  and  developed  into  a  writer  of  much  charm  as  well  as  power.  She 
is  the  author  of  a  book  entitled  "Mountain  Wildflowers  of  Canada,"  has  also 
written  several  novels  and  is  a  contributor  to  current  British  and  United  States 
magazines.  She  has,  moreover,  won  recognition  as  a  lecturer  and  botanist  and 
has  traveled  extensively  in  British  Columbia,  making  observations  on  the  flora, 
fauna  and  geographical  features  of  the  province.  In  the  photographing  of 
flowers  she  has  become  an  expert.  She  is  a  valued  member  of  the  Georgian 
Club,  the  Country  Club,  the  Musical  Club,  the  Women's  Canadian  Club  and  the 
Alpine  Club  of  Canada.  Her  political  sympathies  are  with  the  tories  but  she 
strongly  opposes  woman  suffrage. 

At  Montreal,  Canada,  Miss  Henderson  married  Charles  Grant  Henshaw, 
Esq.,  a  son  of  Joshua  Henshaw,  Esq.,  of  that  city,  and  a  representative  of  a 
United  Empire  Loyalist  family.  They  have  one  daughter,  Doris,  who  is  now 
the  wife  of  W.  Grant  Morden,  Esq.,  of  "Heatherden,"  Bucks,  England. 


THOMAS  STODDART. 

Thomas  Stoddart  is  well  known  in  business  circles  of  New  Westminster  as 
a  member  of  the  firm  of  H.  A.  Belyea  &  Company,  who  deal  in  coal  and  also 
conduct  a  transfer,  draying  and  hauling  business.  His  birth  occurred  in  Lock- 
.erbie,  Dumfriesshire,  Scotland,  on  the  3d  of  February,  1870,  his  parents  being 
Thomas  and  Margaret  (French)  Stoddart,  who  were  born,  reared  and  married 
in  that  country.  In  1881  they  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  the  United  States,  locating 
in  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  where  they  resided  for  two  years.  On  the  expira- 
tion of  that  period  they  came  to  British  Columbia  and  spent  six  years  in  Lang- 
ley.  In  1889  they  took  up  their  abode  in  New  Westminster,  where  Mrs.  Stod- 
dart is  still  living  at  the  age  of  eighty-three  years.  Thomas  Stoddart,  Sr.,  there 
passed  away  at  the  age  of  sixty-eight  years.  In  his  native  country  he  was  engaged 
in  business  as  a  feed  merchant  but  in  this  province  turned  his  attention  to  general 
agricultural  pursuits.  Because  of  impaired  health,  however,  he  removed  to  the 
city  of  New  Westminster  and  there  his  demise  occurred  three  or  four  years 
later. 

Thomas  Stoddart  of  this  review  received  but  limited  educational  advantages 
in  his  youth.  He  was  a  lad  of  eleven  years  when  he  accompanied  his  parents  on 
their  emigration  to  the  United  States  and,  owing  to  his  father's  poor  health, 
assisted  in  the  support  of  the  family  by  driving  a  team  in  St.  Paul,  thus  having 
little  opportunity  to  attend  school  there.  After  coming  to  Langley,  British  Colum- 
bia, he  spent  a  few  months  in  the  country  schools,  but  his  time  and  attention 


THOMAS  STODDAET 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  865 

were  largely  demanded  in  the  work  of  the  home  farm.  In  1889  ne  located  in 
New  Westminster  with  his  parents  and  was  employed  to  drive  a  team  by  Winter- 
mute  Brothers,  furniture  dealers,  in  whose  service  he  continued  for  five  years. 
Subsequently  he  spent  about  three  months  in  the  employ  of  Herbert  Gilley  and 
then  entered  the  service  of  the  firm  of  Gilley  Brothers,  with  whom  he  remained 
for  the  following  three  years.  Resigning  his  position  at  the  end  of  that  period, 
he  organized  the  firm  of  H.  A.  Belyea  &  Company  in  association  with  H.  A. 
Belyea  and  Rupert  Fulton,  and  has  since  remained  an  active  factor  in  the  con- 
trol and  management  of  the  concern.  They  are  leading  coal  dealers  and  have 
also  built  up  an  extensive  transfer,  draying  and  general  hauling  business.  In 
the  successful  control  of  the  company  Mr.  Stoddart  has  demonstrated  his  excel- 
lent executive  ability  and  sound  judgment  and  well  deserves  recognition  among 
the  substantial  and  representative  business  men  of  New  Westminster. 

In  September,  1896,  Mr.  Stoddart  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Rosetta 
Roughley,  of  Brooklyn,  Ontario,  by  whom  he  has  ten  children,  five  sons  and 
five  daughters,  namely,  Hugh,  Harold,  Margaret,  Edna,  James,  John,  Leonard, 
Minnie,  Anna  and  Jean.  All  are  still  under  the  parental  roof.  The  family  are 
members  of  the  Presbyterian  church,  while  fraternally  Mr.  Stoddart  is  identified 
with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  belonging  to  Amity  Lodge,  No.  27. 
The  prosperity  which  he  now  enjoys  is  entirely  attributable  to  his  own  energy, 
industry  and  perseverance  and  his  record  may  well  serve  to  encourage  and  inspire 
others  who  must  overcome  handicaps  to  win  success. 


FREDERICK    CHARLES    ELLIOTT. 

On  the  list  of  Victoria's  barristers  appears  the  name  of  Frederick  Charles  Elli- 
ott, who  carefully  preparing  for  the  bar  has  since  continuously  and  successfully 
engaged  in  practice,  following  the  profession  in  British  Columbia  since  1899.  He 
was  born  June  1 8,  1870,  in  Pakenham,  Ontario,  and  is  the  youngest  of  seven  sons 
in  a  family  of  eleven  children,  whose  parents  were  John  and  Margaret  (Kerr) 
Elliott.  The  mother  was  born  in  County  Monaghan,  Ireland,  and  the  father  was 
a  native  of  Perth,  Ontario.  He  followed  agricultural  pursuits  in  that  province 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1898  when  he  was  seventy-eight  years  of  age. 
His  wife,  who  survived  for  a  decade,  was  also  seventy-eight  years  of  age  at  the 
time  of  her  demise.  The  paternal  grandparents  of  F.  C.  Elliott  were  natives  of 
Ulster,  Ireland,  and  on  emigrating  to  Canada  in  1818  located  near  Perth,  Ontario, 
where  they  followed  farming.  The  maternal  grandparents,  who  were  also  born 
on  the  Emerald  isle,  came  to  Canada  in  1830,  where  the  grandfather  was  engaged 
in  educational  work  up  to  the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  when  he  had 
reached  the  very  venerable  age  of  ninety-one  years. 

Frederick  Charles  Elliott  was  educated  at  Pakenham  in  the  public  schools  and 
in  the  Collegiate  School,  Carleton  Place,  near  Ottawa.  He  entered  the  law  office 
of  Mills  &  Elliott,  being  articled  to  Mr.  Mills  for  about  a  year,  and  then  com- 
pleted his  studies  in  the  office  of  Elliott  &  McCreary,  of  Winnipeg,  in  the  spring 
of  1894,  at  which  time  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  Manitoba.  Mr.  Elliott  after- 
ward engaged  in  active  practice  at  Selkirk  from  1894  until  1899,  and  in  the  latter 
year  came  to  British  Columbia,  being  admitted  to  the  provincial  bar.  He  then 
practiced  at  Trout  Lake  city  and  West  Kootenay  for  seven  years  and  later  located 
at  Revelstoke,  where  he  formed  a  partnership  with  C.  E.  Gillan.  He  continued 
there  in  the  practice  of  law  until  1910,  at  which  date  he  came  to  Victoria  and 
afterward  devoted  the  greater  portion  of  his  time  until  1912  to  looking  after  his 
mining  interests.  In  the  latter  year  he  formed  a  partnership  with  C.  K.  Courtney 
in  the  practice  of  law  and  they  secured  their  present  offices  in  the  McCollum 
building.  This  firm  is  prominent  in  the  legal  profession  and  the  partners  pos- 
sess comprehensive  knowledge  of  the  law  with  ability  to  accurately  apply  its 
principles.  Mr.  Elliott  is  also  prominently  identified  with  large  mining  interests 


866  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

in  British  Columbia,  in  Washington  and  Alaska,  including  the  Fidelity  mine  in 
the  West  Kootenay  district ;  the  Lanark  mine,  located  near  Revelstoke ;  and  the 
Tasso  group,  situated  on  the  west  coast  of  Queen  Charlotte  islands. 

Mr.  Elliott  is  a  conservative  and  a  past  president  of  the  Conservative  Associa- 
tion in  Kaslo.  He  was  married  October  20,  1897,  in  Selkirk,  Manitoba,  to  Miss 
Margaret  Gibbings,  whose  parents  were  natives  of  England,  both  passing  away 
in  that  country  during  the  infancy  of  their  daughter.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Elliott  have 
one  child,  Miriam,  who  was  born  July  7,  1898,  and  is  now  attending  the  public 
schools  of  Victoria.  Mr.  Elliott  indulges  in  hunting  and  boating,  which  are  his 
favorite  sources  of  amusement.  His  residence,  at  No.  1166  View  street,  is  a 
comfortable  and  attractive  one,  situated  in  the  midst  of  fine  rose  gardens  that 
command  the  attention  of  all  who  pass  that  way. 


WILLIAM.  GORDON  McELHANNEY. 

William  Gordon  McElhanney,  British  Columbia  and  Dominion  land  sur- 
veyor, is  practicing  his  profession  in  Vancouver  and  that  section  of  the  province, 
as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  McElhanney  Brothers.  He  was  born  at  Ripley, 
Ontario,  March  10,  1878,  and  is  a  son  of  Robert  and  Esther  McElhanney,  promi- 
nent farming  people  of  Ontario.  In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city,  William 
Gordon  McElhanney  began  his  education  and  afterward  attended  the  Kincardine 
high  school.  He  was  graduated  from  the  Toronto  University  in  1904  with  the 
Bachelor  of  Arts  degree,  and  his  thorough  training  qualified  him  for  responsi- 
bilities which  have  come  to  him  in  connection  with  the  practice  of  his  profession. 
For  two  and  a  half  years  after  leaving  school  he  was  in  the  employ  of  the  gov- 
ernment at  Ottawa,  Ontario,  in  the  auditor  general's  department.  In  1907  he 
came  to  Vancouver  and  established  his  present  business  as  a  surveyor  and  engi- 
neer. He  was  alone  until  1913,  when  his  brother,  T.  A.  McElhanney,  joined  him 
in  a  partnership  under  the  firm  name  of  McElhanney  Brothers.  Practical  ex- 
perience as  well  as  scientific  training  has  prepared  them  for  the  position  to  which 
they  have  attained  and  for  the  onerous  duties  that  have  devolved  upon  them. 

On  the  5th  of  December,  19/11,  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  Mr.  McElhanney  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Marion  McLaughlin,  a  daughter  of  Hugh  and  Janet 
McLaughlin.  Mr.  McLaughlin,  who  was  a  pioneer  merchant  of  Victoria  county, 
Ontario,  is  now  deceased.  The  marriage  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McElhanney  has  been 
blessed  with  one  daughter,  Janet.  The  religious  faith  of  Mr.  McElhanney  is 
that  of  the  Methodist  church.  The  spirit  of  enterprise  and  progress  brought 
him  into  the  west  that  he  might  enjoy  the  broader  business  opportunities  offered 
in  a  new  and  growing  country,  and  in  the  exercise  of  his  industry  and  determi- 
nation— his  dominant  qualities — he  is  winning  success  and  advancement. 


CUYLER  A.  HOLLAND. 

Few  if  any  business  men  of  Victoria  are  better  known  throughout  this  sec- 
tion of  the  province  than  Cuyler  A.  Holland,  managing  director  of  the  British 
Columbia  Land  Investment  Agency.  He  is  not  only  one  of  Victoria's  foremost 
citizens  but  has  been  for  more  than  twenty-five  years  prominently  connected  with 
business  interests  here,  standing  today  in  a  central  position  in  financial  and  com- 
mercial circles.  He  has  displayed  both  initiative  spirit  and  a  genius  in  organiza- 
tion, and  has  reached  a  commanding  position  in  connection  with  one  of  the  most 
extensive  and  important  business  concerns  in  the  province.  One  interest  alone, 
however,  does  not  indicate  the  scope  of  his  activities,  for  his  interests  have 
extended  to  many  lines  and  he  has  put  forth  effective  efforts  in  the  development 


WILLIAM  G.  MCELHANNEY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  869 

and  upbuilding  of  the  city,  cooperating  largely  and  generously  where  the  general 
welfare  of  the  community  has  been  involved. 

Mr.  Holland  was  born  at  Port  Elizabeth,  Cape  Colony,  South  Africa,  October 
6,  1863,  and  is  a  son  of  John  A.  and  Mary  E.  (Armstrong)  Holland,  the  former 
a  native  of  Lancashire,  England.  The  paternal  grandfather,  Robert  Holland, 
was  also  born  in  that  locality  and  engaged  in  the  manufacturing  business  there 
for  many  years.  His  wife  was  a  native  of  Cheshire,  England.  On  the  maternal 
side  Mr.  Holland  is  a  grandson  of  William  Armstrong,  who  was  born  in  Scotland 
and  whose  wife  was  a  native  of  South  Africa.  John  A.  Holland  emigrated  to 
South  Africa  about  the  year  1840  and  there  became  an  extensive  landowner,  his 
holdings  including  a  tract  'of  twenty  thousand  acres  devoted  to  the  raising  of 
ostriches,  in  which  industry  he  was  heavily  interested  for  many  years.  He  had 
a  long  and  interesting  career  in  connection  with  the  native  wars  in  South  Africa, 
in  many  of  which  he  took  an  active  and  prominent  part,  and  his  death,  which 
occurred  about  the  year  1898,  brought  to  a  close  a  remarkable  and  eventful  life. 

Cuyler  A.  Holland  acquired  his  education  in  England,  entering  first  Hailey- 
burg  College  and  then  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  from  which  institution  he  received 
the  degree  of  B.  A.  in  1885.  Afterward  he  returned  to  South  Africa  and  there 
studied  law  for  about  six  months,  abandoning  this  profession  at  the  end  of  that 
time  and  emigrating  to  Canada.  He  located  in  Victoria  and  entered  the  firm  of 
Allsop  &  Mason,  investment  brokers,  whose  business  in  1887  was  reorganized  into 
the  company  known  as  the  British  Columbia  Land  Investment  Agency,  Ltd., 
with  offices  near  the  corner  of  Government  and  Fort  streets.  For  over  twenty- 
seven  years  Mr.  Holland  has  been  actively  connected  with  this  concern  and  has 
been  an  important  factor  in  its  remarkable  growth.  In  1895  he  was  appointed 
manager  of  the  Victoria  agency,  the  home  office  being  located  in  London,  Eng- 
land. The  business  was  established  on  a  sound  financial  basis  and  continued  to 
expand  and  develop,  Mr.  Holland  remaining  in  the  capacity  of  manager  until 
1913,  when  he  was  advanced  to  the  position  of  directing  manager.  The  agency 
carries  on  a  general  financial  business,  loaning  money  on  mortgages  as  principal 
or  agents,  managing  estates  and  handling  large  properties  for  its  clients,  its 
business  being  of  the  nature  of  a  trust  company.  It  also  does  a  large  insurance 
business,  representing  the  Phoenix  Assurance  Company,  Ltd.,  of  London.  It 
is  one  of  the  oldest  and  largest  concerns  of  its  kind  in  British  Columbia,  and 
the  remarkable  growth  of  its  business  has  many  causes,  principal  among  which 
are  the  conservative  and  solid  basis  upon  which  it  was  founded,  the  policy  of 
fair  and  straightforward  dealing  which  has  always  been  maintained,  and  the 
strict  adherence  to  reliable,  modern  and  progressive  business  methods.  It  has 
been  characteristic  of  Mr.  Holland  in  the  period  during  which  he  has  had  charge 
of  the  affairs  of  this  concern  that  he  has  never  failed  to  venture  where  favoring 
opportunity  has  led  the  way,  his  sound  judgment  recognizing  the  value  of  busi- 
ness conditions  and  his  powers  of  organization  leading  him  to  so  arrange  and 
coordinate  forces  that  desired  results  have  been  achieved,  followed  by  the  advance- 
ment of  the  company's  interests  along  all  lines.  The  British  Columbia  Land 
Investment  Agency  has  profited  largely  by  his  efforts  in  its  upbuilding  and  num- 
bers him  today  among  its  most  able  and  prominent  officials  and  among  the  greatest 
individual  forces  in  its  growth. 

Mr.  Holland  is  a  director  in  the  Jubilee  Hospital  in  Victoria,  and  he  has  besides 
extensive  interests  in  South  Africa,  where  he  owns  a  twenty-thousand  acre 
ostrich  farm  inherited  from  his  father,  which  is  stocked  at  present  with  seven 
hundred  ostriches.  He  left  Victoria  for  South  Africa  on  the  27th  of  June,  1913, 
and  contemplates  a  stay  of  six  months  in  order  that  he  may  look  after  his  interests 
in  that  country. 

On  the  26th  of  July,  1888,  Mr.  Holland  was  united  in  marriage,  in  Roehamp- 
ton,  England,  to  Miss  Beatrice  Maud  Galpin,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  Dixon  and 
Emma  (Parr)  Galpin,  natives  of  England,  now  deceased.  The  father  was  for 
many  years  identified  with  the  publishing  business  in  London  and  was  known  as 
the  founder  of  Cassell  &  Company,  a  large  publishing  house,  of  which  he  was  man- 

Vol.  Ill— 30 


870  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

aging  director  up  to  the  time  of  his  death.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Holland  have  become 
the  parents  of  four  sons:  Walter  Glen  Cuyler,  who  was  born  September  13,  1889, 
and  is  connected  with  the  British  Columbia  Land  Investment  Agency ;  John  Dixon 
Cuyler,  whose  birth  occurred  February  2,  1891,  and  who  is  attending  Cambridge 
University,  England ;  Francis  Cuyler,  born  February  20,  1899,  attending  school 
in  England;  and  William  Armstrong  Cuyler,  who  was  born  May  29,  1901,  and 
who  is  also  attending  school  in  England.  The  family  residence  is  known  as 
Algoa  and  is  located  at  1629  Rockland  avenue. 

Mr.  Holland  is  a  devout  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  belongs  to 
the  Union  Club  and  the  Golf  Club  in  Victoria.  He  is  fond  of  all  outdoor  sports 
and  is  an  enthusiastic  golfer,  spending  a  great  many  of  his  leisure  hours  in  that 
recreation.  His  business  career  has  been  actuated  by  unfaltering  industry,  com- 
bined with  a  close  adherence  to  high  standards  of  business  ethics,  and  he  stands 
today  among  the  men  of  marked  ability  and  substantial  worth  in  the  city  where 
he  makes  his  home. 


FRANK  FABRY. 

Frank  Fabry,  who  is  proprietor  of  the  largest  and  best  livery  stable  in  Mis- 
sion City,  came  to  the  province  of  British  Columbia  in  1909.  His  birth  occurred 
in  Vienna,  Austria,  on  the  ist  of  January,  1873,  his  parents  being  Stephen  and 
Ethel  Fabry,  both  of  whom  are  deceased.  The  father  was  a  butcher  by  trade. 

Frank  Fabry  obtained  his  education  in  the  parochial  schools  and  after  laying 
aside  his  text-books  became  identified  with  the  butchering  business  in  association 
with  his  father,  and  followed  that  line  of  business  until  ten  years  ago.  The  year 
1900  found  him  in  New  York,  where  he  remained  for  five  years,  subsequently 
spending  two  years  in  Virginia.  He  next  went  to  the  state  of  Washington  and 
was  there  engaged  in  the  hotel  business  for  two  years.  In  1909  he  came  to 
Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  but  after  a  short  time  made  his  way  to  Mission 
City,  where  he  assumed  the  management  of  the  Bellevue  Hotel  and  conducted 
that  hostelry  for  two  years.  In  February,  1913,  he  embarked  in  the  livery  busi- 
ness and  now  enjoys  an  extensive  trade  in  this  connection,  owning  the  largest  and 
best  stable  in  Mission  City. 

In  August,  1898,  Mr.  Fabry  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Agnes  Hetz,  of 
New  York.  His  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party,  while  his 
religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church.  He  is  very  fond  of  horses 
and  thus  finds  his  present  business  most  congenial.  His  salient  characteristics 
are  such  as  have  gained  for  him  the  friendly  regard  and  good-will  of  all  with 
whom  he  has  been  associated  through  either  business  or  social  relations,  and  he 
is  well  entitled  to  a  place  among  the  representative  residents  of  British  Columbia. 


RICHARD  JACKSON. 

Richard  Jackson,  manager  of  the  fire  insurance  department  of  the  British 
Columbia  Land  &  Investment  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Victoria,  is  a  western  man  by 
birth,  training  and  preference,  and  the  spirit  of  enterprise  which  has  been  a  charac- 
teristic in  the  development  of  this  section  of  the  country  is  manifest  in  his  life 
record.  He  was  born  in  Victoria  May  28,  1873,  a  son  of  William  and  Annie 
(Mead)  Jackson,  well  known  pioneer  people  who  came  around  Cape  Horn  in 
1863,  when  such  a  voyage  was  a  long  and  oftentimes  dangerous  one,  lengthening 
out  from  days  into  weeks  and  from  weeks  into  months. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  Richard  Jackson  pursued  his  education 
and  started  out  in  the  business  world  as  an  employe  of  A.  B.  Gray  &  Company, 


FRANK  FABRY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  873 

proprietors  of  a  wholesale  drygoods  and  liquor  house.  He  remained  with  that 
firm  for  four  years,  receiving  his  initial  business  training,  which  qualified  him 
for  further  responsibilities  and  duties.  On  leaving  his  position  in  1893,  ne  took 
up  the  profession  of  bookkeeping  and  accounting  and  was  employed  in  that 
capacity  by  various  concerns  until  1901,  when  he  accepted  his  present  position  as 
manager  of  the  fire  insurance  department  of  the  British  Columbia  Land  &  Invest- 
ment Company,  Ltd.  This  company  has  the  agency  of  the  Phoenix  Assurance 
Company,  Ltd.,  of  London,  having  maintained  that  connection  for  many  years. 
In  his  position  Mr.  Jackson  meets  heavy  responsibilities  and  duties  for  which  his 
ability  well  qualifies  him.  His  constantly  developing  powers  have  made  him  one 
of  the  well  known  and  capable  representatives  of  insurance  interests  in  Victoria. 

On  the  i6th  of  November,  1898,  in  Victoria,  was  celebrated  the  marriage  of 
Mr.  Jackson  and  Miss  Marie  A.  White,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Jessie  (Irvine) 
White,  both  of  whom  are  now  deceased.  They  were  old  and  well  known  pioneer 
people,  the  mother  being  descended  from  the  family  of  Irvines  who  lived  in  the 
fort  at  Victoria  in  the  early  days.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Jackson  have  a  son,  Clifford 
Irvine. 

Mr.  Jackson  holds  to  the  principles  of  the  conservative  party  yet  votes  inde- 
pendently, casting  his  ballot  for  the  candidates  whom  he  believes  best  qualified  for 
the  offices  which  they  seek.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Ancient  Order  of  United 
Workmen  and  of  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Victoria  Gun  Club  and  an  enthusiastic  sportsman.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
Royal  Victoria  Yacht  Club.  For  the  past  quarter  of  a  century  he  has  been 
prominently  identified  with  athletics  and  sports  and  has  aided  very  materially  in 
contributing  to  the  success  of  many  different  club  affairs.  He  is  well  known 
socially  and  his  attractive  personality  has  won  for  him  the  warm  and  endearing 
regard  of  a  large  circle  of  friends  in  both  business  and  club  relations. 


DUNCAN  DOUGLAS  McTAVISH. 

Among  the  valued  and  representative  citizens  of  Victoria  whose  activities 
have  been  factors  in  city  development  along  business  lines  is  numbered  Duncan 
Douglas  McTavish,  connected  with  important  interests  here  as  a  member  of  the 
firm  of  McTavish  Brothers,  controlling  the  oldest  customs  brokerage  business  in 
the  city.  A  spirit  of  enterprise  guided  and  controlled  by  sound  and  discriminating 
judgment  has  directed  the  activities  of  his  entire  career  and  has  brought  him  at  an 
early  age  to  a  place  among  the  business  men  of  force  and  power  in  the  city  where 
he  makes  his  home.  Mr.  McTavish  was  born  in  Saanich,  Vancouver  island, 
British  Columbia,  June  13,  1882,  and  is  a  son  of  George  A.  and  Catherine  Amelia 
(Helmcken)  McTavish,  the  former  a  native  of  New  York,  who  came  to  British 
Columbia  and  located  in  Victoria.  The  paternal  grandparents  of  the  subject  of 
this  review  were  natives  of  Scotland  and  the  grandfather,  Duncan  A.  McTavish, 
was  for  many  years  general  manager  of  the  Bank  of  British  North  America  in 
New  York,  where  his  death  occurred  in  1889.  The  grandmother  is  now  a  resi- 
dent of  Victoria.  On  the  maternal  side  Mr.  McTavish  is  a  grandson  of  John 
Sebastian  Helmcken,  M.  R.  C.  S.,  L.  S.  A.,  who  was  born  in  London,  England, 
of  pure  German  ancestry.  As  a  pioneer  he  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1850  and  was 
one  of  the  earlier  settlers  in  British  Columbia.  An  extended  record  of  his  life 
appears  elsewhere  in  this  work. 

Duncan  D.  McTavish  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Victoria 
and  after  laying  aside  his  books  in  1897  entered  Mplson's  Bank  in  Victoria  as  a 
clerk,  remaining  for  one  year.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  became  connected  with 
E.  G.  Prior  &  Company,  wholesale  dealers  in  hardware,  and  he  filled  a  position 
in  the  clerical  department  of  this  concern  until  1908.  Having  by  this  time 
acquired  a  general  knowledge  of  the  hardware  business,  he  was  offered  a  position 
as  buyer  for  the  McGowan  Brothers  Hardware  Company  in  Spokane,  Washing- 


874  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

ton  and  he  did  able  work  in  their  interests  for  two  years.  In  1910  he  decided 
to  establish  an  enterprise  of  his  own  and  accordingly  went  to  Prince  Rupert, 
British  Columbia,  where  he  engaged  in  the  commission  business  until  July,  1912. 
Returning  to  Victoria  at  that  time,  he  became  connected  in  business  with  his  bro- 
ther, J.  A.  McTavish,  who  had  had  several  years'  experience  in  the  Dominion  cus- 
toms service  in  this  city.  They  founded  the  firm  of  McTavish  Brothers,  customs 
brokers,  with  offices  at  No.  524  Fort  street,  where  they  are  still  located.  Their 
business  is  an  outgrowth  of  one  established  in  1880  and  is  therefore  one  of  the 
oldest  of  its  kind  in  Victoria,  and  the  policy  of  honorable  and  straightforward 
dealing  upon  which  it  was  founded  has  been  steadily  maintained  to  the  present 
time.  McTavish  Brothers  act  as  agents  for  many  of  the  large  companies  in 
Europe  and  America,  among  which  may  be  mentioned  W.  Wingate  &  Johnston, 
Limited,  of  London,  and  the  Adams  Express  Company,  in  connection  with  the 
Oceanic  Transit  Company,  as  well  as  Jacob  and  Valentine  of  Berlin,  Germany, 
and  they  control  an  important  and  growing  trade.  Duncan  D.  McTavish's  energy, 
well  timed  aggressiveness  and  keen  discrimination  have  been  important  elements 
in  the  growth  of  the  concern  and  have  aided  in  making  it  what  it  is  today,  a 
large,  well  managed  and  profitable  business  with  a  reputation  for  safeness  and 
reliability  which  has  been  built  up  through  many  years  of  straightforward  dealing. 

On  the  28th  of  September,  1912,  in  Prince  Rupert,  this  province,  Mr.  Mc- 
Tavish was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Emilie  L.  Craig,  a  native  of  Missouri  and  a 
daughter  of  Morte  H.  and  Nell  (Nye)  Craig,  both  natives  of  the  United  States. 
Mrs.  McTavish  has  the  distinction  of  being  the  second  white  child  and  the  first 
white  girl  to  cross  the  Chilcoot  Pass.  She  and  her  husband  are  well  known  in 
social  circles  of  Victoria  and  their  attractive  home  at  No.  1032  Pendergast  street 
is  the  center  of  a  charming  social  circle. 

Mr.  McTavish  takes  a  keen  interest  in  amateur  photography  and  has  become 
very  proficient  in  this  line,  his  pictures  showing  real  merit  and  artistic  taste.  A 
lover  of  all  outdoor  sports,  he  is  most  enthusiastic  on  the  subject  of  fishing,  spend- 
ing a  great  many  of  his  leisure  hours  in  this  recreation.  He  holds  membership 
in  the  James  Bay  Athletic  Association  and  the  Pacific  Club  and  is  connected  fra- 
ternally with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Native  Sons  of 
British  Columbia.  His  religious  views  are  in  accord  with  the  doctrines  of  the 
Reformed  Episcopal  church.  Politically  he  is  a  conservative,  taking  an  intelligent 
interest  in  public  affairs  without  being  active  as  an  office  seeker.  Possessed  of 
the  ability  which  commands  opportunity,  he  has  made  good  use  of  his  many 
advantages  and  is  today  an  important  figure  in  business  circles  of  Victoria, 
notable  both  on  account  of  his  definite  accomplishments  and  the  methods  and 
standards  by  which  he  has  won  success. 


ROBERT  M.  BLAKE. 

Robert  M.  Blake  engages  in  general  farming  in  the  vicinity  of  Haney,  Maple 
Ridge  district,  where  he  owns  a  hundred  and  ten  acres  of  land  which  he  has  been 
successfully  cultivating  for  more  than  twenty  years.  He  was  born  in  the  province 
of  Quebec,  his  natal  day  being  the  3d  of  December,  1853,  and  his  parents  Charles 
and  Elizabeth  (Miller)  Blake,  both  of  whom  are  now  deceased. 

In  the  Catholic  schools  of  Durham  township,  province  of  Quebec,  Robert  M. 
Blake  pursued  his  education  until  he  had  attained  the  age  of  fourteen  years.  His 
school  days  were  then  terminated  and  for  several  years  thereafter  he  remained  at 
home  and  assisted  his  stepfather  with  the  operation  of  the  farm.  Deciding  that 
he  preferred  to  pursue  a  commercial  career,  he  subsequently  obtained  a  clerkship 
in  a  store  in  Richmond  town,  the  same  province,  where  he  was  employed  for 
twelve  years.  At  the  expiration  of  that  time  he  removed  to  British  Columbia, 
coming  direct  to  Maple  Ridge  district.  Here  he  purchased  a  hundred  and  fifty 
acres  of  land  and  again  identified  himself  with  agricultural  pursuits.  As  the 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  875 

years  have  passed  his  land  has  increased  in  value,  largely  owing  to  the  capable 
manner  in  which  he  has  tilled  the  soil  and  the  substantial  improvements  he  has 
made. 

On  the  I2th  of  January,  1889,  Mr.  Blake  was  married  to  Miss  Effie  Boyd,  a 
daughter  of  Archibald  Boyd,  the  event  being  celebrated  at  Maple  Ridge.  Of  this 
marriage  there  have  been  born  five  children :  Charles,  Olive  May,  Roy,  Ruby  and 
Etta. 

In  his  political  views  Mr.  Blake  is  independent.  He  takes  an  active  interest 
in  local  affairs  and  is  now  and  has  been  for  the  past  twelve  years  school  trustee. 
He  stands  for  progressive  citizenship  and  is  interested  in  all  movements  which 
have  for  their  object  the  advancement  of  the  community  or  the  betterment  of 
local  conditions. 


CHARLES   HENRY   TOPP. 

A  man  of  force,  experience  and  capacity,  who  has  made  these  qualities  the 
basis  of  continuous  advancement  in  a  difficult  profession,  is  Charles  Henry  Topp, 
civil  engineer.  As  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Topp,  Pinder  &  Company  of  Victoria, 
he  has  important  business  connections  along  his  chosen  line  and  his  name  is  well 
known  in  official  circles  by  reason  of  the  capable  work  he  has  accomplished  as 
municipal  engineer  for  Esquimalt  and  Saanich.  He  was  born  in  Cork,  Ireland, 
April  24,  1868,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Charlotte  Topp,  the  former  of  whom 
engaged  in  the  brewery  business  in  Ireland  for  many  years,  later  moving  to 
Canada  with  his  family. 

Charles  H.  Topp  was  still  a  child  when  his  parents  moved  to  the  Dominion 
and  he  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Toronto,  Ontario. 
He  later  entered  Toronto  University  and  from  that  institution  was  graduated 
in  1890,  having  taken  a  course  in  civil  engineering  in  the  School  of  Practical 
Science.  From  the  beginning  of  his  career  he  has  been  especially  interested  and 
active  in  municipal  engineering  work  and  he  gained  his  first  experience  along  this 
line  during  his  two  years'  service  as  city  engineer  of  Chatham,  Ontario.  In  1899 
he  moved  to  Victoria  and  from  that  year  until  1910  served  as  city  engineer, 
accomplishing  a  great  deal  of  scientific  and  useful  work  and  rising  to  a  position 
of  prominence  in  official  and  professional  circles.  During  his  career  as  city  engi- 
neer he  was  the  engineer  on  the  James  Bay  causeway  and  the  Point  Ellice  bridge 
in  1904.  He  was  presented  with  a  fine  chair  and  also  with  an  illuminated  testi- 
monial by  the  employes  of  the  department.  He  resigned  in  the  latter  year  in 
order  to  go  into  private  practice  and  after  remaining  alone  for  a  short  time  joined 
J.  T.  Laidlaw  in  the  organization  of  the  firm  of  Topp,  Laidlaw  &  Company.  This 
was  dissolved  in  1912  and  Mr.  Topp  then  associated  himself  with  W.  G.  Pinder 
under  the  present  firm  style  of  Topp,  Pinder  &  Company,  civil  and  mining  engi- 
neers and  land  surveyors.  They  control  a  large  and  representative  patronage, 
for  the  firm  is  one  of  the  strongest  and  mo'st  reliable  of  its  kind  in  the  city  and 
has  been  identified  with  a  great  deal  of  important  professional  work,  all  of  which 
has  been  carried  forward  to  successful  completion.  In  addition  to  his  private 
practice  Mr.  Topp  is  also  serving  as  municipal  engineer  for  Esquimalt  and  Saanich 
and  has  proved  able  and  far-sighted  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  his  work 
showing  a  thorough  and  comprehensive  knowledge  of  the  underlying  principles 
of  his  profession  and  an  ability  to  apply  it  practically  to  the  problems  of  city 
sanitation  and  engineering. 

On  the  7th  of  September,  1898,  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  Mr.  Topp  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Edith  Mills,  a  daughter  of  Richard  Mills,  one  of  the  old  settlers 
of  Bracebridge,  that  province.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Topp  have  three  children,  Audrey, 
Muriel  and  Charles.  Mr.  Topp  is  a  member  of  the  Pacific  and  the  Camosun  Clubs 
and  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  Woodmen  of  the  World.  His  political 
allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party  and  his  religious  views  are  in  accord 


876  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

with  the  doctrines  of  the  Anglican  church.  He  is  well  known  in  social  circles 
of  Victoria  and  in  a  profession  where  advancement  depends  entirely  upon  merit 
and  ability  has  made  continuous  and  rapid  progress,  standing  today  among  the 
most  able  civil  engineers  in  his  part  of  the  province. 


ERNEST  ALBERT  ORCHARD. 

Ernest  Albert  Orchard,  well  known  in  business  circles  of  Vernon  as  a  suc- 
cessful auctioneer  and  real-estate  dealer,  was  born  in  Sidmouth,  Devonshire, 
England,  February  20,  1872,  being  the  second  son  of  James  Albert  and  Louisa 
Orchard.  The  parents  are  of  Irish  extraction  but  both  families  have  been  for 
some  generations  residents  of  Devonshire.  The  father  commenced  his  career  with 
a  legal  firm,  of  which  he  became  in  time  sole  representative,  continuing  in  practice 
at  present  with  his  son-in-law,  P.  H.  Michelmore.  He  was  at  one  time  a  very 
ardent  and  active  conservative  and  was  well  known  in  the  old  Volunteer  service, 
from  which,  after  refusing  further  promotion,  he  retired  with  the  rank  of  major, 
leaving  as  a  memento  of  his  efforts  a  handsome  drill  hall  and  armory.  He  has 
risen  to  high  offices  in  the  Masonic  order,  and  twenty-two  years  ago  laid  the 
foundation  stone  of  the  new  lodge  building  in  his  home  town,  where  during  the 
forty-two  years  in  which  he  has  belonged  to  this  order  he  has  missed  only  two 
lodge  meetings;  once  when  he  was  presented  at  court  to  the  late  King  Edward, 
and  once  when  he  was  too  ill  to  stand  upon  his  feet.  This  same  strength  of  pur- 
pose and  determination  of  character  made  him  the  accepted  leader  in  everything 
he  undertook,  and  his  fidelity  to  duty,  combined  with  untiring  energy  and  fearless- 
ness of  opposition,  earned  for  him  enrolment  in  the  pages  of  a  well-known  bio- 
graphical work  entitled  "Sons  of  Devon."  His  interests  extended  to  many  fields, 
for  he  was  a  fair  vernacular  poet  and  a  capable  exponent  of  art  and  literature 
as  well  as  a  severe  but  just  critic,  and  withal  a  hard  legal  fighter. 

Ernest  A.  Orchard  was  about  four  years  of  age  when  he  entered  an  old  lady's 
"school"  in  Sidmouth.  At  seven  he  passed  into  the  hands  of  a  governess,  and  at 
nine  entered  a  private  collegiate  school  at  Exeter,  where  he  remained  for  about 
six  years. 

Completing  his  education  in  that  institution,  for  the  next  four  years  he  studied 
architecture  under  E.  H.  Harbottle,  F.  R.  I.  B.  A.,  F.  S.  I.,  the  eminent  architect 
and  county  surveyor  of  Devonshire,  at  Exeter;  but  not  being  attracted  to  this 
profession  he  abandoned  it  and  emigrated  to  Canada,  making  the  journey  on  the 
old  Lake  Huron  in  the  fall  of  1891.  After  his  arrival  he  came  west  to  the  prairies 
and  in  the  following  year  to  British  Columbia.  Here  he  engaged  in  various 
occupations,  acquiring  that  fine  education  which  can  come  only  by  contact  with 
various  sorts  and  conditions  of  men  and  by  wide  experience  in  different  fields. 
In  his  home  town  Mr.  Orchard  had  held  the  championship  as  a  bicycle  rider  and 
was  also  a  skilful  boxer  and  fencer  and  heavy  weight  lifter,  whilst  at  flyfishing 
he  was  an  expert.  In  addition  to  this  he  played  "back"  in  Rugby  foot- 
ball for  the  city  of  Exeter  team,  all  of  which  he  found  a  very  excellent  train- 
ing for  colonial  life.  After  his  arrival  in  Canada  he  worked  first  as  a  thresher 
in  the  Wapella  district  of  Assiniboia,  beginning  thus  a  career  the  activities  of 
which  have  touched  practically  every  line  open  to  residents  of  the  provinces.  In 
the  fall  of  1905  Mr.  Orchard  lost  his  right  hand  in  an  accident,  and  from  that 
he  dates  his  real  success,  for  he  was  thus  forced  into  his  present  calling  as  an 
auctioneer,  a  line  of  work  for  which  he  has  proved  himself  eminently  well  quali- 
fied and  in  which  he  has  gained  in  a  short  time  a  distinct  and  substantial  success, 
although  he  had  never  before  attended  an  auction  in  his  life.  Aided  by  his 
friends,  the  Hon.  Price  Ellison  and  Dr.  O.  Morris,  he  started  in  Vernon  as  the 
owner  of  a  furniture  commission  business  and  in  three  months  was  an  independ- 
ent buyer.  At  the  end  of  six  months  he  owned  five  hundred  dollars  worth  of 
stock  and  was  acquiring  a  wide  reputation  as  an  auctioneer.  In  1909  he  added 


E.  ALBERT  ORCHARD 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  879 

to  his  activities,  bringing  out  in  that  year  after  fourteen  months'  work  "Orchard's 
Guide  and  Directory  to  the  Okanagan."  In  the  preparation  of  this  two  hundred 
page  illustrated  book  he  had  not  one  single  thing  to  refer  to  as  an  aid,  but  never- 
theless produced  so  excellent  a  work  that  it  is  still  used  as  a  standard  authority. 
However,  the  local  support  given  to  the  volume  was  not  encouraging  and  his 
business  interests  engrossing  all  his  time,  Mr.  Orchard  dropped  his  connection 
with  it  after  the  first  edition.  About  this  time  he  formed  a  partnership  with  G. 
C.  Johnston,  and  the  firm  of  Orchard,  Johnston  &  Company  combined  real-estate 
with  the  auctioneering  business  in  Vernon.  It  also  remodeled  the  assessment  and 
originated  the  block  book  system  in  Vernon,  whereby  every  city  block  with  its 
lots  is  drawn  in  detail  opposite  the  ratings.  In  1910  Mr.  Orchard  went  with  his 
family  to  England,  where  for  eighteen  months  he  alternately  carried  out  a  series 
of  lectures  on  British  Columbia  and  attended  the  large  markets  by  way  of  acquir- 
ing useful  knowledge,  armed  with  which  he  returned  to  this  province  in  March, 
1912.  The  partnership  in  which  he  was  a  principal  having  been  dissolved,  he 
built  his  present  Market  buildings  and  offices  in  Vernon,  where  he  continues  in 
the  auctioneering  and  real-estate  business  under  his  own  name,  and  where  his 
ambition  and  efforts  are  directed  towards  the  institution  of  a  regular  public 
market  day  for  the  district.  He  has  been  very  successful  and  today  controls  large 
and  growing  connections  and  has  gained  wide  recognition  as  a  far-sighted  and 
successful  business  man. 

At  Vernon,  British  Columbia,  on  February  14,  1908,  Mr.  Orchard  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Jessie  Mary  Snee,  third  daughter  of  the  late  Charles  F. 
and  Annie  Snee,  of  Southsea,  England.  She  was  educated  in  England  and, 
later,  in  France  and  Germany,  where,  in  art,  she  made  an  especial  study  of  the 
old  masters.  Representatives  of  the  paternal  branch  of  this  family  were  formerly 
of  the  old  ducal  line  of  de  Senee,  of  the  province  of  Picardy,  France.  They 
emigrated  with  the  Huguenots  into  England  in  the  sixteenth  century  to  escape 
persecution  and  there  became  for  the  most  part  officers  in  the  home  and  foreign 
service  of  the  army  and  navy.  Mrs.  Orchard  herself  has  won  high  distinction 
as  a  swimmer,  being  an  English  championship  medallist,  as  well  as  a  writer 
of  some  promise,  who  has  found  favor  with  some  of  the  leading  London  critics, 
amongst  them,  the  late  W.  T.  Stead,  who,  as  a  personal  friend  gave  her  every 
encouragement.  It  was  whilst  on  a  trip  in  British  Columbia,  gathering  local  color 
for  a  future  work  that  she  first  met  Mr.  Orchard.  There  are  two  children  of 
this  marriage,  Charles  James  Vernon  and  Christopher  Cordell. 

Mr.  Orchard  is  connected  with  the  Masonic  lodge  and  holds  broad  political 
and  religious  views.  He  has  taken  an  active  interest  in  the  welfare  and  growth 
of  Vernon,  serving  in  1909  on  the  publicity  committee  of  the  Board  of  Trade. 
In  the  following  year  his  firm  was  appointed  assessor  for  the  city  but  his  exten- 
sive and  growing  business  affairs  prevented  his  more  active  participation  in  poli- 
tical life,  although  at  every  election  he  has  been  asked  to  run  for  aldermanic 
honors.  He  served  on  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Okanagan  &  Spallumcheen 
Agricultural  Society  and  is  associated  with  the  Vernon  Ratepayers  Association. 
During  the  South  African  war  he  enlisted  as  a  trooper  in  the  first  body  of  picked 
men  of  the  Strathcona  Horse,  but  was  invalided  home  before  the  return  of  his 
regiment. 

Mr.  Orchard  has  lived  in  British  Columbia  for  twenty-two  years  and  has 
had  an  eventful  and  interesting  career,  numbering  among  his  friends  some  of  the 
men  the  most  famous  in  the  history  of  the  province.  He  was  with  John  Murray, 
the  personal  friend  of  Judge  Begbie,  during  the  old  Cariboo  days,  when  the  old 
Spence's  Bridge  was  washed  out  and  volunteered  the  previous  night  when  the 
water  ran  over  the  structure  to  try  to  save  the  telegraph  wires  by  sawing  the 
insulator  arms  so  as  to  break  free  at  the  critical  moment.  However,  when  the 
bridge  collapsed  they  all  broke  free  but  one,  which  snapped  the  wires.  Mr. 
Orchard  then  assisted  in  building  a  boat  in  which  he  used  to  row  across  the  river 
twice  a  day  for  the  mail.  He  can  remember  the  time  when  John  Murray's  store 
and  postoffice  was  the  only  meteorological  station  in  the  interior  and  he  used  to 


880  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

telegraph  the  "readings"  every  day  at  5  A.  M.  and  5  P.  M.  to  Toronto,  having 
taught  himself  telegraphy.  Mr.  Orchard  afterward  assisted  Mr.  Murray's  nephew, 
James  Tait,  in  the  preparation  of  a  series  of  publications  on  the  Thompson  River 
Indians  and  his  own  manuscript  (a  transcript  in  story  form)  was  given  by  Mr. 
Orchard  to  Lord  Tennyson,  nephew  of  the  poet,  who  showed  it  to  Governor 
Mackintosh  and  so  led  to  an  introduction  and  to  Mr.  Orchard  drawing  the  cover 
page  for  the  latter's  "Canada  Interocean,"  a  Winnipeg  enterprise.  While  Mr. 
Orchard's  career  has  been  interesting  it  has  been  filled  with  hard  and  unremitting 
work  directed  by  laudable  ambition  and  unwavering  determination,  and  the  suc- 
cess which  has  finally  crowned  it  has  been  richly  earned  and  is  always  worthily 
used.  As  evidence  of  his  versality,  we  may  add  that,  during  his  colonial  career, 
Mr.  Orchard  has  followed  some  thirty-two  different  callings,  until  chance  put 
him  in  the  way  of  his  present  avocation  and  he  seized  upon  it.  His  hobby  is 
painting,  in  which,  with  his  wife  he  enjoys  a  more  than  local  reputation.  But 
whether  the  subject  be  placer-mining,  fishing,  carpentering  or  the  stage,  or  in 
fact  anything  "worth  while"  Mr.  Orchard's  knowledge  of  the  matter  will  be 
found  as  ready  as  his  tongue. 


WILLIAM   FRANCIS  STEWART. 

Among  the  citizens  of  Eburne  who  have  figured  prominently  in  local  polit- 
ical affairs  is  William  Francis  Stewart,  who  is  also  engaged  in  the  real-estate 
business.  He  was  born  in  Colchester  county,  Nova  Scotia,  on  the  2d  of  June, 
1856,  and  is  a  son  of  Edward  O.  and  Catherine  (Stevens)  Stewart.  His  family 
have  long  been  residents  of  Nova  Scotia,  where  they  located  more  than  a  hun- 
dred and  twenty-five  years  ago. 

The  education  of  William  Francis  Stewart  was  completed  in  the  normal 
school  at  Truro,  Nova  Scotia,  following  which  he  turned  his  attention  to  agri- 
cultural pursuits.  From  1875  until  1880,  he  gave  his  undivided  attention  to 
the  cultivation  of  the  home  farm.  Having  decided  to  identify  himself  with  some 
other  vocation  he  then  left  the  parental  roof  and  went  to  Massachusetts,  where 
for  a  time  he  was  employed  in  the  Packard  shoe  factory.  From  there  he  went 
to  Dubois,  Pennsylvania,  and  connected  himself  with  the  lumber  business  until 
1881.  In  the  latter  year  he  went  to  California,  and  there  he  again  became  iden- 
tified with  agricultural  pursuits,  having  for  a  brief  period  engaged  in  farming 
in  the  San  Joaquin  valley.  His  next  removal  was  to  the  state  of  Washington, 
where  he  worked  in  the  lumber  woods,  and  the  year  1883  marked  his  arrival 
in  British  Columbia.  For  a  short  time  thereafter  he  worked  as  a  bridge  car- 
penter for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Company,  which  was  extending  its 
lines  into  this  province.  This  occupation  did  not  prove  entirely  to  his  liking, 
however,  and  the  next  year,  1884,  he  went  into  the  steamboat  business.  He 
engaged  in  a  general  transportation  business  between  New  Westminster  and 
Eburne,  carrying  passengers,  general  merchandise  and  live  stock  to  the  farm- 
ing communities.  In  addition  to  this  he  did  considerable  shopping  for  the 
settlers,  and  despite  the  many  errands  with  which  he  was  charged  never  found 
it  necessary  to  employ  the  assistance  of  a  memorandum,  depending  entirely  upon 
his  memory.'  He  filled  all  sorts  of  commissions  and  has  often  crossed  the  river 
to  get  a  letter  to  post  for  one  of  his  patrons.  In  addition  to  his  transportation 
business  he  had  a  contract  to  carry  the  mail  to  and  from  Eburne  and  Lulu 
island.  He  continued  to  have  charge  of  the  mail  in  winter  when  transporta- 
tion was  closed  down,  making  his  journeys  back  and  forth  on  skates.  He  often 
broke  through  the  ice  and  on  several  occasions  almost  lost  his  life.  One  inci- 
dent in  particular  he  relates  in  such  a  manner  that  it  leaves  no  doubt  in  the 
minds  of  his  hearers  of  his  vivid  recollection  of  every  detail  of  the  experience. 
He  was  crossing  from  Westminster  with  some  medicine  for  a  sick  woman,  when 
the  ice  gave  way  and  he  plunged  into  the  water.  As  he  was  in  a  section  which 


WILLIAM  F.  STEWART 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  883 

was  practically  a  wilderness  help  was  unobtainable,  and  he  was  entirely  depend- 
ent upon  his  own  efforts.    He  saved  his  life  by  reason  of  his  force  of  will  rather 
than  physical  strength,  and  had  it  not  been  that  he  possessed  a  remarkably  fine 
constitution  in  all  probability  he  would  never  have  survived  the  exposure.     In 
1887,  he  built  a  new  boat,  and  the  year  following  it  was  entirely  destroyed  by 
fire.    As  it  represented  his  entire  capital  and  was  uninsured  he  was  forced  into 
another  line  of  activity.     It  was  while  engaged  in  the  steamboat  business  that 
Mr.  Stewart  made  his  entry  into  public  life,  having  begun  his  political  career 
as  deputy  sheriff  under  W.  J.  Armstrong.     He  has  ever  since  taken  an  active 
part  in  the  affairs  of  his  home  town,  being  a  stanch  supporter  of  the  liberal 
party.     In  matters  of  citizenship  he  is  public-spirited  and  all  things  pertaining 
to  the  development  of  Eburne  enlist  his  interest  and  cooperation.     He  was  a 
member  of  the  deputation  which   waited  on  the  governor  general   at  Ottawa 
regarding  the  dredging  of  the  north  arm  of  the  Eraser  river.     While  residing 
in  Richmond  he  was  a  member  of  the  municipal  council,  having  served  on  that 
body  at  the  time  the  bridges  were  built  from  Eburne  to  Sea  and  Lulu  islands. 
In   1893,  he  was  elected  police  magistrate  of   Richmond  municipality,   having 
held  that  office   for  three  years,  and  he  was   formerly  game  warden   for  the 
provincial  government.     He  was  a  member  of  the  council  in  1889,  and  it  was 
largely  due  to  his  efforts  that  the  first  school  was  built  on  Sea  island,  where  he 
held  the  chairmanship  of  the  school  board  from  1890  to  1900.     He  was  elected 
to  the  first  council  in  Point  Grey  in  1908,  serving  in  this  capacity  for  two  years, 
and  he  likewise  became  a  member  of  the  school  board  at  that  time,  and  still 
retains  this  office.     Four  schoolhouses  have  been  built  during  the  period  of  his 
incumbency  and  three  more  are  in  course  of  construction.     In  addition  to  his 
other  duties,  Mr.   Stewart  was  also  police  magistrate  of   Point  Grey  in   1912. 
He  has  been  identified  with  the  organization  and  development  of  various  local 
enterprises,  chief  among  these  being  the  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company  of 
British  Columbia,  which  was  incorporated  in   1902.     He  was  one  of  the  pro- 
moters Of  this  company  and  is  now  vice  president.     It  is  a  strong  organization 
and  although  it  has  been  in  existence  only  ten  years  is  doing  a  business  exceed- 
ing four  million  dollars.     Mr.   Stewart  is  also  a  stockholder  ip  the  National 
Finance  Company  of  Vancouver,  which  is  a  firmly  established  and  flourishing 
enterprise. 

Mr.  Stewart  was  married  on  the  igih  of  September,  1888,  to  Mrs.  Jane  Ann 
(Evans)  McCleary,  the  widow  of  the  late  Samuel  McCleary  of  Eburne.  Of 
this  marriage  there  has  been  born  one  son,  W.  Roy,  a  young  man  of  twenty- 
two  years,  who  is  now  in  the  employ  of  the  Canadian  General  Electric  Com1 
pany  of  Vancouver. 

Fraternally  Mr.  Stewart  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  order  belonging  to 
Mount  Hermon  Lodge  of  Vancouver  and  being  a  charter  member  of  Mount 
Lebanon  Lodge  of  Eburne.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Independent  Order  of  For- 
esters, in  which  he  has  held  the  offices  of  chief  ranger  and  financial  secretary. 
He  holds,  moreover,  membership  in  the  Loyal  Orange  Lodge.  He  is  a  man 
of  marked  versatility,  tireless  energy  and  resourcefulness,  as  he  has  manifested 
in  both  his  public  and  business  life,  and  anything  he  undertakes  is  carried  to  a 
successful  issue  if  tenacity  of  purpose,  perseverance  and  ingenuity  can  achieve 
that  end. 


HARRY  ALLAN  BOURNE. 

Harry  Allan  Bourne,  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Bourne  &  McDonald,  is  a 
native  of  Florence,  Ontario,  born  November  26,  1881,  his  parents  being  Frederick 
A.  and  Mary  E.  Bourne.  He  acquired  his  preliminary  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  New  Westminster  and  Vancouver  and  afterward  began  the  study  of 
law,  being  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  in  1903.  He  opened  his  first 


884  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

office  at  New  Westminster  and  there  continued  until  1906,  when  he  moved  to 
Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  been  in  active  practice,  having  been  a  member  of 
the  firm  of  Bourne  &  McDonald  since  April,  1913. 

In  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia,  November  10,  1910,  Mr.  Bourne  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Edith  Johnston,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  William 
Johnston,  of  that  city,  the  former  of  whom  has  passed  away.  He  was  one  of  the 
early  residents  of  New  Westminster  and  prominent  in  that  city  from  pioneer 
times.  Mr.  Bourne  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church,  is  connected  fraternally 
with  the  Masonic  lodge  and  is  a  member  of  the  Terminal  City  Club. 


ALEXANDER  SHAW. 

Alexander  Shaw,  of  Nanaimo,  has  been  prominently  identified  with  the  devel- 
opment of  the  rich  mineral  resources  of  the  country,  with  its  educational  oppor- 
tunities and  its  moral  progress.  He  was  born  in  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  March  23, 
1833,  and  followed  the  life  of  a  farmer  and  shepherd  until  1859,  when  he  traveled 
to  Manchester,  where  he  associated  himself  with  the  cotton  factories.  He  was 
married  in  1860  to  Miss  Ann  Rowan,  of  Inverary,  Argyleshire,  Scotland,  and  they 
became  the  parents  of  twelve  children,  nine  of  whom  are  yet  living. 

Mr.  Shaw  arrived  in  Canada  in  1870,  settling  in  Ontario,  where  he  became 
connected  with  the  Great  Western  Railway.  He  made  his  way  to  British  Colum- 
bia in  1877  in  the  interests  of  the  great  transcontinental  railway  and  the  following 
year  he  discovered  the  Queen  silver  mine  near  Yale.  He  has  traveled  the  entire 
length  and  breadth  of  Vancouver  island  and  has  located  many  valuable  mineral 
claims.  In  fact  he  is  largely  familiar  with  the  topographical  conditions  and  the 
resources  of  the  country,  being  able  to  speak  with  authority  upon  the  island  and 
its  condition. 

For  the  past  quarter  of  a  century  Mr.  Shaw  has  taught  school  on  Vancouver 
island  and  has  been  a  Sunday-school  teacher  for  about  sixty  years,  thus  contribut- 
ing much  to  the  intellectual  and  moral  progress  of  the  community.  In  his  younger 
days  he  was  a  very  active  member  of  the  Manchester  Volunteers  and  was  a  Queen's 
Cup  man  in  1867  at  Wimbledon.  His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian 
church,  to  which  he  has  ever  been  most  loyal,  and  in  politics  he  is  a  liberal  of  the 
old  school.  He  takes  a  very  active  interest  in  topics  of  all  kinds  relating  to  his 
adopted  province  and  has  ever  been  most  loyal  to  its  interests  and  its  welfare. 
His  declining  days  are  spent  mostly  in  his  garden,  of  which  he  is  justly  proud, 
and  he  has  carried  off  various  prizes  at  the  agricultural  exhibitions. 


MICHAEL  J.  .MURPHY. 

Michael  J.  Murphy,  who  in  an  influential  way  has  for  many  years  been  identi- 
fied with  farming  interests  of  Agassiz  and  whose  enterprise  has  contributed  much 
toward  the  development  of  the  community,  was  born  in  County  Carlow,  Ireland, 
and  is  a  son  of  Daniel  and  Margaret  Murphy,  of  that  locality.  He  acquired  his 
education  in  his  native  country,  attending  school  until  he  was  sixteen  years  of 
age,  at  which  time  he  laid  aside  his  books  and  learned  the  carpentering  business. 
He  worked  at  that  until  1869,  in  which  year  he  left  Ireland  and  went  to  Australia, 
prospecting  in  the  mines  at  the  lime  of  the  gold  discoveries  there.  It  took  him 
four  months  to  make  the  journey  on  a  sailing  vessel  and  after  his  arrival  he  mined 
and  engaged  in  carpentering  until  1880,  when  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  America. 
He  joined  the  rush  of  gold  seekers  to  Skagit,  Washington,  and  there  prospected 
for  a  short  time,  but  when  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  was  built  through  the 
country  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  company  as  a  bridge  builder,  remaining 
with  them  until  after  the  completion  of  the  road.  In  1900  he  came  to  British 


ALEXANDER   SHAW 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  887 

Columbia  and  purchased  a  farm  of  fifty  acres  near  Agassiz,  which  he  partly 
cleared  and  cultivated,  and  engaged  in  general  farming.  Afterward,  however, 
he  sold  this  property  and  purchased  his  present  place  of  fifty  acres.  This 
was  covered  with  timber  when  it  came  into  his  possession  and  he  was  obliged  to 
cut  the  trees  by  hand  and  dig  up  the  stumps.  Upon  it  he  built  a  substantial 
residence,  good  barns  and  outbuildings  and  in  addition  to  general  farming  now 
operates  a  model  dairy. 

Mr.  Murphy  married  in  1885  and  has  five  children,  all  of  whom  live  at  home. 
He  is  one  of  the  pioneers  in  British  Columbia,  having  come  into  the  province  by 
foot  before  the  perfection  of  railroad  facilities.  He  has  witnessed  the  entire 
growth  of  the  section  and  has  improved  two  farms  in  the  vicinity  of  Agassiz  and 
demonstrated  in  his  life  the  value  of  integrity  and  industry,  for  he  started  out 
empty-handed  and  has  won  his  prosperity  through  intense  and  well  directed 
energy. 

THOMAS  H.  JACKSON. 

Thomas  H.  Jackson,  living  retired  in  Chilliwack,  was  born  in  Lanark,  Ontario, 
January  23,  1854,  and  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools.  After  laying 
aside  his  books  he  remained  in  Ontario  until  1878  and  then  went  as  a  pioneer  to 
Manitoba,  where  he  remained  for  twenty-two  years.  At  the  end  of  that  time 
he  took  up  his  residence  in  British  Columbia  and  after  two  or  three  years  at  the 
Harrison  River  Mills  came  to  Chilliwack,  locating  in  this  city  in  1903.  He  soon 
became  a  prominent  figure  in  local  political  circles  and  influential  as  a  director  of 
public  thought  and  opinion.  He  was  a  member  of  the  council  in  1905  and  in  1906 
and  after  the  incorporation  of  the  town  was  on  the  first  board  of  aldermen.  In 
the  next  year  he  was  elected  mayor  by  acclamation  and  his  term  of  service  was 
distinguished  by  active,  straightforward  and  businesslike  work  in  the  general 
interests  of  the  city  and  hearty  cooperation  in  all  movements  for  the  public  wel- 
fare. He  later  served  another  term  as  alderman  and  gained  distinction  also  as 
president  of  the  local  conservative  association.  He  has  never  been  remiss  in  the 
duties  of  citizenship  but  has  always  been  watchful  of  the  public  interests  and 
eager  for  the  advancement  of  the  city  and  province. 

On  the  27th  of  February,  1889,  Mr.  Jackson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Letitia  Cunningham,  of  Lanark,  Ontario,  and  both  are  now  well  known  in  social 
circles  of  Chilliwack.  They  are  members  of  the  Church  of  England.  Mr.  Jack- 
son is  affiliated  with  the  Masonic  lodge  and  has  also  important  business  connec- 
tions in  the  city,  among  which  may  be  mentioned  his  position  as  a  director  in  the 
local  telephone  company.  As  a  resident  of  Chilliwack  he  has  been  loyal  in  his 
advocacy  of  everything  pertaining  to  the  welfare  of  the  city  and  has  made  some 
substantial  contributions  to  its  development  and  progress. 


GEORGE  EDWARD  GROGAN. 

George  Edward  Grogan,  connected  with  important  real-estate  interests  of 
Victoria  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Grogan  &  Crook,  was  born  in  Cromer,  Nor- 
folk, England,  July  31,  1857,  and  is  a  son  of  George  and  Isabel  Grogan,  the  for- 
mer for  a  number  of  years  a  clergyman  at  Thorpe  Hamlet,  near  Norwich,  England. 

George  Edward  Grogan  acquired  his  later  education  at  Marlborough  College, 
Marlborough,  England,  and  in  1879  was  graduated  from  Oxford  University  with 
the  degree  of  B.  A.  He  came  to  Canada  after  laying  aside  his  books  and  he 
served  for  ten  years  as  a  member  of  the  Royal  Northwest  Mounted  Police,  prov- 
ing far-sighted,  capable*  and  conscientious  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties.  In  1890 
he  made  an  entire  change  in  his  active  interests,  turning  his  attention  to  the  jour- 


888  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

nalistic  field,  in  which  he  remained  active  and  prominent  for  sixteen  years  there- 
after, becoming  connected  with  the  management  of  some  of  the  most  important 
papers  in  western  Canada.  He  conducted  the  Revelstoke  Herald  for  several  years 
and  later  the  Calgary  Herald,  of  Calgary,  Alberta.  He  afterward  became  identified 
with  the  management  of  the  Edmonton  Post  and  the  Edmonton  Journal,  sever- 
ing these  connections  in  1906,  when  he  came  to  British  Columbia.  For  the  next 
few  years  he  operated  a  fruit  ranch  at  Gordon  Head,  near  Victoria,  but  in  1911 
moved  into  the  city,  forming  a  partnership  with  George  R.  Crook.  The  firm  of 
Grogan  &  Crook  controls  a  large  and  important  real-estate  business  and  is  con- 
sidered strong,  trustworthy  and  reliable,  both  partners  being  able  and  progres- 
sive business  men.  Mr.  Grogan's  energy  and  resourcefulness  have  been  helpful 
factors  in  the  growth  of  the  concern  and  have  gained  for  him  an  enviable  reputa- 
tion among  men  of  marked  ability  and  substantial  worth  in  the  community. 

On  the  25th  of  May,  1891,  Mr.  Grogan  was  united  in  marriage,  in  Edmon- 
ton, Alberta,  to  Miss  Kathleen  Tascher  de  la  Pagerie,  a  daughter  of  Felix  Tascher 
de  la  Pagerie,  a  pioneer  in  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  and  well  known  in  that  city.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Grogan  have  become  the  parents  of  two  children,  Aimee  and  Sarah. 

Mr.  Grogan  is  a  devout  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  he  gives  his 
political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  served  for  one  year  as  town 
clerk  of  Calgary,  Alberta.  He  has  never  sought,  however,  to  figure  prominently 
in  political  circles,  preferring  to  concentrate  his  energies  upon  his  business  affairs, 
which,  being  ably  conducted,  have  brought  him  substantial  returns. 


MRS.    JEAN    TEMPLER. 

One  of  the  distinguished  teachers  of  British  Columbia  is  Mrs.  Jean  Templer, 
who  has  practically  devoted  her  entire  life  to  the  education  of  the  young. 
Moreover,  she  has  lectured  before  important  bodies  and  before  her  colleagues 
in  the  interest  of  the  advancement  of  educational  facilities  and  in  many  ways  has 
contributed  toward  the  building  up  of  the  efficient  system  which  now  prevails  in 
British  Columbia.  Of  studious  mind,  Mrs.  Templer  is  not  only  deeply  and  well 
read  but  has  also  studied  the  springs  that  underlie  human  actions  and  is  an  accurate 
reader  of  human  nature — a  quality  which  perhaps  more  than  any  other  has 
made  her  so  efficient  as  a  teacher.  Moreover,  she  is  a  woman  strong  of  character, 
sure  of  her  convictions,  yet  always  ready  to  embrace  new  ideas  if  their  value 
can  be  proven  to  her,  and  it  is  therefore  not  surprising  that  she  was  until  1913 
the  only  woman  in  Vancouver  holding  a  position  of  vice  principal  in  connection 
with  the  public  schools.  Another  item  of  great  moment  in  her  life  is  woman 
suffrage  and  she  has  not  only  watched  the  progress  of  this  important  and  bene- 
ficial movement  but  has  been  active  in  its  behalf. 

Jean  Telford,  which  was  the  maiden  name  of  Mrs.  Templer,  was  born  in 
Valens,  Wentworth  county,  Ontario,  April  16,  1858,  a  daughter  of  Robert  and 
Mary  A.  Telford.  The  father  was  a  native  of  England,  born  near  Carlisle,  and 
the  mother  was  born  at  Valens,  Wentworth  county,  Ontario,  of  Scotch  parentage. 
Robert  and  Mary  Telford  were  highly  respected  in  their  community,  where  the 
father  followed  agricultural  pursuits  for  fifty  years. 

In  the  acquirement  of  her  education  Mrs.  Templer  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Wentworth  county,  Ontario,  securing  a  teacher's  certificate  and  also  attending 
the  Toronto  Normal  School  in  1881.  As  her  life  work  she  had  selected  school 
teaching,  which  had  a  peculiar  attraction  for  her  and  for  which  she  felt  par- 
ticularly fitted.  For  three  years  she  taught  in  Ontario  but  then  concluded  her 
work  along  that  line  on  account  of  her  marriage.  Four  years  later,  however, 
she  again  entered  the  profession,  teaching  for  four  and  a  half  years  before  she 
came  to  British  Columbia  in  June,  1892.  She,  in  July,  wrote  on  the  teachers' 
examination  in  Victoria  and  on  August  loth  began  actual  work  as  a  teacher  in 
the  Chilliwack  valley.  For  seven  years  she  taught  in  the  South  Chilliwack 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  889 

school  and  her  work  was  so  thorough,  lasting  and  comprehensive  that  a  large 
number  of  her  pupils  passed  the  entrance  examinations.  She  also  prepared  for 
teachers'  examinations,  as  at  that  time  there  was  no  high  school  in  Chilliwack. 
Of  her  teachers'  dass,  nine  took  second-class  certificates,  two  first-class  certifi- 
icates  and  several  obtained  third-class  certificates,  which  fact  may  be  men- 
tioned incidentally  as  proof  of  her  ability  in  instruction.  Resigning  from  this 
position,  Airs.  Templer  then  taught  for  nearly  five  years  in  the  town  of  Chilliwack 
but  in  January,  1904,  was  appointed  delegate  to  the  Sunday  school  convention 
to  be  held  in  Jerusalem,  the  trip  terminating  her  activities  for  that  time.  She 
afterward  traveled  and  lectured  in  Canada,  the  United  States  and  the  British  isles 
for  about  three  years,  but  in  October,  1909,  again  began  teaching  on  the  Hastings 
town  site  and  when  Hastings  became  a  part  of  the  city  was  appointed  vice  principal, 
being  the  only  woman  holding  such  a  position  in  the  city  at  the  time.  Mrs. 
Templer  has  continued  her  beneficial  work,  being  recognized  not  only  as  one  of 
the  foremost  pedagogues  but  giving  an  example  to  her  pupils  and  contemporaries 
of  what  citizenship  and  Christian  living  should  mean. 

On  March  21,  1883,  at  Valens,  Ontario,  Jean  Telford  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Charles  Templer.  At  that  time  she  held  to  the  Baptist  faith  but  now  inclines 
toward  the  Unitarian  belief.  While  in  Chilliwack  she  served  for  ten  years  as 
superintendent  of  the  Baptist  Sunday  school.  Mrs.  Templer  has  two  stepchil- 
dren :  Ada  May,  who  married  Dr.  George  Telford,  of  Vancouver ;  and  Franklin 
Wells,  whose  wife  is  Minnie  Wilson,  of  Victoria.  While  engaged  in  promoting 
educational  facilities  and  the  school  system  in  Chilliwack,  Mrs.  Templer  served 
in  1903  as  president  of  the  Chilliwack  Teachers'  Institute  in  that  important 
position  did  much  toward  stimulating  the  interests  of  her  colleagues  in  their 
profession  and  in  having  matters  of  question  fixed  by  precedent  and  papers  read 
which  resulted  in  establishing  a  spirit  of  common  interest  among  the  members  of 
the  institute.  As  far  as  her  political  life  is  concerned,  Mrs.  Templer  confines 
her  activities  to  the  woman  suffrage  question,  which  measure  she  strongly  favors. 
She  gives  evidence  of  her  interest  in  this  matter  by  her  membership  in  the 
Woman's  Canadian  Club  and  the  Political  Equality  League,  in  both  of  which 
organizations  she  actively  serves  the  cause.  By  her  life  work  Mrs.  Templer  has 
contributed  much  towards  the  intellectual  progress  of  the  province  and  is  worthy 
of  a  niche  in  the  history  of  education,  to  which  she  has  devoted,  in  British  Colum- 
bia alone,  over  twenty  years  of  her  life. 


ARTHUR  ROBERT  SHERWOOD. 

Arthur  Robert  Sherwood,  whose  name  figures  in  the  business  circles  of  Vic- 
toria in  connection  with  real  estate,  insurance  and  loans,  was  born  August  4, 
1862,  at  Birr,  Ireland,  a  son  of  Thomas  Henry  and  Ann  (Hale)  Sherwood,  the 
former  an  officer  of  the  Twenty-first  Royal  Scots  Fusileers  for  ten  years. 

Until  twelve  years  of  age  Arthur  R.  Sherwood  was  with  his  father's  family  in 
Australia,  but  did  not  attend  school  there.  His  education  was  largely  acquired 
at  Dulwich  College,  London,  England,  and  thence  he  went  to  Darmstadt,  Ger- 
many, where  he  completed  his  studies.  He  came  to  Canada  in  1882,  when  a  young 
man  of  twenty  years,  and,  willing  to  perform  any  honest  labor  that  would  enable 
him  to  meet  his  expenses,  he  was  employed  for  a  time  on  construction  work  for 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  acting  as  section  man  at  Macgregor,  Manitoba. 
During  the  succeeding  eight  or  nine  years  he  was  employed  as  a  harvest  hand  and 
at  farm  work  in  Manitoba,  and  following  his  arrival  in  New  Westminster,  Brit- 
ish Columbia,  in  1891,  he  spent  a  year  as  night  warden  in  the  jail.  He  next 
went  to  the  mines  of  Cariboo,  where  he  remained  for  about  a  year,  and  in  the 
spring  of  1893  he  went  to  Kaslo,  British  Columbia,  where  he  was  appointed  special 
constable  and  later  was  made  chief  of  police  there  when  the  town  was  incorporated. 
He  held  that  office  until  the  fall  of  1894,  when  he  removed  to  Nelson,  British 


890  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Columbia.  The  following  year  he  was  married  and  engaged  in  the  insurance  and 
real-estate  business  at  Nelson,  remaining  there  until  1903,  when  his  health  failed 
and  he  removed  to  California,  hoping  that  the  more  salubrious  climate  would 
prove  beneficial.  After  the  earthquake  and  fire  at  San  Francisco  and  in  central 
California  he  returned  to  this  province,  settling  at  Victoria,  where  he  has  since 
engaged  in  the  real-estate,  loan  and  insurance  business.  He  has  gained  a  gratify- 
ing clientage  in  all  departments  and  his  business  is  now  a  satisfactory  and  grow- 
ing one. 

On  the  I4th  of  September,  1895,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Sherwood  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Crickmay,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Frances  Crick- 
may  of  that  city.  Her  father,  who  was  a  prominent  architect  of  Vancouver,  died 
in  1901.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sherwood  have  two  children,  Thomas  and  Anne. 

Fraternally  Mr.  Sherwood  was  formerly  connected  with  the  Masonic  lodge 
at  Nelson  but  has  now  transferred  his  membership  to  Victoria  Lodge  No.  I, 
A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  belongs  to  both  the  Union  and  the  Pacific  Clubs.  He  experi- 
enced many  hardships  and  difficulties  in  his  early  life  and  his  sympathies  have 
ever  been  with  the  old  country  school  boys  who  came  to  the  far  west  with  practi- 
cally no  experience  in  the  way  of  money-making.  He  has  ever  endeavored  to  aid 
such  as  opportunity  has  offered,  and  his  acquaintance  with  many  prominent  poli- 
ticians has  enabled  him  to  secure  positions  for  many  of  these  people.  In  1907 
he  joined  with  others  in  forming  an  association  called  The  British  Columbia 
Old  Country  Public  School  Boys  Association,  to  promote  interest  and  goodfellow- 
ship  between  public-school  boys  residing  on  Vancouver  island.  He  was  appointed 
and  still  holds  the  position  of  secretary  of  this  association.  Throughout  his  entire 
life  he  has  manifested  a  spirit  of  helpfulness  and  has  aided  many  a  fellow  traveler 
on  life's  journey.  The  record  which  he  has  made  is  a  creditable  one  and  shows 
that  force  of  character,  loyal  ambition  and  energy  may  triumph  over  adverse 
circumstances. 


WYCLIFFE  STEVES  TRITES. 

Upon  the  threshold  of  a  successful  agricultural  career  and  one  of  the  younger 
and  most  popular  farmers  in  the  vicinity  of  Steveston,  Wycliffe  Steves  Trites  was 
called  to  the  great  beyond  on  August  17,  1912,  his  untimely  death  occurring  after 
a  sickness  of  but  a  few  hours  and  while  he  was  entering  upon  the  most  fruitful 
years  in  a  man's  career.  His  sudden  demise  was  not  only  a  blow  to  his  imme- 
diate family  but  was  the  occasion  of  deep  and  widespread  regret  to  all  those 
who  knew  him  and  who  appreciated  in  him  a  man  of  high  qualities  of  heart  and 
mind,  a  man  of  character  who  stood  for  all  that  is  best  in  human  nature  and  who 
was  worthy  of  the  friendship  which  was  so  readily  offered  him.  For  six  years 
Wycliffe  S.  Trites  was  engaged  in  diversified  farming,  owning  one  hundred 
and  forty-three  acres  of  well  cultivated  land  in  the  vicinity  of  Steveston.  He 
was  a  native  of  New  Brunswick,  born  in  Westmoreland  county,  November  29, 
1876.  The  Trites  family  subsequently  removed  to  British  Columbia,  locating 
in  Vancouver,  where  the  parents  passed  the  remainder  of  their  days.  The 
father  was  a  blacksmith  by  occupation  and  highly  regarded  by  all  who  knew 
him  in  a  business  or  social  way. 

In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Wycliffe  S.  Trites  attended  the  schools 
of  his  native  county  until  he  had  attained  the  age  of  eleven  years.  At  the 
expiration  of  that  time  he  laid  aside  his  text-books  and  entered  the  employ  of 
his  brother,  who  operated  a  dairy  farm.  He  followed  this  occupation  for  three 
years  and  then  came  to  Steveston,  which  had  just  been  founded,  and  engaged 
in  salmon  fishing  for  a  similar  time.  Next  he  took  up  the  carpenter  trade,  and, 
during  the  four  years  which  he  was  identified  with  this  occupation,  assisted  in 
building  some  of  the  largest  salmon  canneries  on  the  Fraser  river.  Later  he 
assumed  the  management  of  a  cannery  in  the  summer  months,  and  loaded  fish 


WYCLIFFE  S.  TEITES 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  893 

on  ships  for  Europe  in  the  winter.  In  1906,  Mr.  Trites  purchased  his  farm 
and  turned  his  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits,  which  he  followed  with  a 
good  measure  of  success.  He  improved  his  place  substantially  and  provided 
it  with  an  equipment  fully  adequate  to  his  needs.  He  brought  his  land  to  a 
high  state  of  productivity,  largely  planting  his  fields  to  hay,  grain  and  pota- 
toes of  which  he  raised  bountiful  crops. 

At  Seattle,  Washington,  on  the  3ist  of  December,  1908,  Mr.  Trites  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Nancy  Margaret  Engbaum,  and  to  them  was  born 
one  son,  Gordon  Edwin. 

Mr.  Trites  was  always  public-spirited  in  matters  of  citizenship,  taking  an 
active  and  helpful  interest  in  local  politics.  During  the  years  1904  and  1905 
he  served  as  councillor  of  Richmond,  contributing  to  the  success  of  the  adminis- 
tration by  his  wise  counsel  and  his  ready  recognition  of  the  conditions  that 
affected  the  district.  He  could  ever  be  found  in  the  ranks  of  those  who  desired 
to  bring  about  advancement,  and  although  his  life  was  extinguished  when  it 
just  promised  the  best  possibilities  for  the  future,  he  left  an  impress  of  his 
personality  and  unselfish  citizenship.  Mr.  Trites  was  not  only  well  known  in 
agricultural  circles,  but  as  his  financial  resources  increased  extended  his  inter- 
ests to  other  lines  and  became  one  of  the  stockholders  of  the  British  Columbia 
Press  Brick  Company,  of  which  he  was  serving  as  one  of  the  directors.  A  self- 
made  man  in  every  sense  of  the  word,  he  gave  an  example  of  what  may  be 
accomplished  when  energy  and  ambition  lead  the  way  and  his  attainments,  accom- 
plished young  in  life,  should  be  an  inspiration  to  every  boy  and  youth  who  sets 
out  to  make  his  fortune  along  the  narrow  path  of  strictest  honesty  and  who 
will  give  the  best  in  him  to  obtain  results.  All  that  Mr.  Trites  achieved  was 
due  to  his  own  efforts,  for  he  set  out  as  a  lad  of  eleven  upon  life's  work — without 
advantages,  without  means — and  such  success  as  came  to  him  he  won  at  the 
expense  of  unceasing  application  and  persistent  endeavor.  He  died  August  17, 
1912,  after  a  few  hours  of  sudden  illness,  and  was  laid  to  rest  in  Mountain 
View  cemetery.  The  memory  of  his  unselfish  life  is  the  dearest  possession  of  his 
widow  and  the  untarnished  name  which  he  left  the  greatest  treasure  he  could 
give  to  his  young  son.  There  are  also  many  friends  and  neighbors  who  rever- 
ently remember  him  and  whose  sympathies  at  his  unseemingly  sudden  demise  were 
most  sincerely  expressive  of  the  great  esteem  in  which  they  held  him. 


EDWIN  BUSH. 

Edwin  Bush,  one  of  the  resourceful  and  able  business  men  of  Mission  City, 
controlling  important  interests  as  a  contractor  and  builder,  was  born  in  York- 
shire, England,  in  1876  and  is  a  son  of  George  and  Jane  Bush,  both  of  whom 
have  passed  away.  The  former  was  for  many  years  in  the  wholesale  merchan- 
dise business  in  Yorkshire. 

Edwin  Bush  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Winnipeg  and 
after  completing  it  was  employed  as  clerk  in  a  business  house  in  that  city  for  four 
years.  In  the  spring  of  1894  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  worked  at  logging 
in  the  vicinity  of  Mission  City  for  some  years.  He  was  for  a  short  time  connected 
with  the  British  Columbia  Electric  Company  and  served  afterward  as  engineer 
for  the  Truro  Condensed  Milk  Company  of  Mission  City.  He  remained  with  this 
concern  for  one  year  and  in  1906  became  connected  with  the  contracting  and 
building  business,  a  line  of  work  in  which  he  has  since  won  success  and  promi- 
nence. He  has  erected  a  number  of  the  principal  buildings  at  Mission  City,  includ- 
ing the  Agricultural  building  and  the  Orangemen's  Hall  and  some  of  the  finer 
residences  and  he  has  also  supplied  the  material  for  most  of  the  new  structures 
erected  in  the  city.  In  fact,  his  business  has  continually  increased  in  volume  and 
importance  under  his  able  management  and  he  is  today  one  of  the  leading  con- 
tractors and  builders  in  his  locality. 


894  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

In  December,  1910,  Mr.  Bush  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Keeves, 
eldest  daughter  of  James  and  Elizabeth  Keeves,  of  Mission  City,  the  former  one 
of  the  oldest  section  foremen  in  the  employ  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bush  have  become  the  parents  of  a  son,  Lloyd  James. 

Mr.  Bush  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  is  an  independent  con- 
servative in  his  political  beliefs.  He  is  grand  master  of  the  Orangemen's  Asso- 
ciation and  past  master  of  Pacific  Lodge,  No.  16,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  takes  a  great 
interest  in  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports  and  is  especially  enthusiastic  on  the  sub- 
jects of  hunting,  football  and  cricket.  He  has  always  made  it  his  aim  to  meet 
every  obligation  of  life  with  confidence  and  courage  and  to  perform  his  duties 
to  the  best  of  his  ability.  As  a  result  he  has  gained  an  enviable  reputation  as 
one  of  the  representative  citizens  and  reliable  business  men  in  the  community 
where  he  makes  his  home. 


JAMES  NELSON  AITCHISON. 

James  Nelson  Aitchison  occupies  a  prominent  place  among  the  merchants  of 
New  Westminster,  where  for  many  years  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  tailoring 
business,  now  being  located  in  the  New  Westminster  Trust  block.  He  is  one 
of  the  leading  business  men  of  his  city,  representative  of  the  progressive  spirit 
of  the  west,  public-minded  and  always  to  be  found  among  the  leaders  who  make 
it  their  duty  to  promote  the  welfare  of  their  city.  Born  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland, 
March  14,  1868,  he  is  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Jessie  (Greig)  Aitchison,  both  natives 
of  the  capital  of  the  northern  kingdom,  where  they  passed  their  entire  lives. 
The  father  followed  the  same  trade  in  which  his  son  is  now  engaged  and  the 
grandfather,  Thomas  Aitchison,  was  also  a  tailor. 

James  N.  Aitchison  was  but  a  child  when  his  father  died.  He  was  reared 
at  home,  attending  in  the  acquirement  of  an  education  the  public  schools  of 
Edinburgh  until  his  fourteenth  year.  He  then  was  apprenticed  to  the  tailor's 
trade  in  that  city  and  subsequently  worked  as  a  trimmer  in  the  highly  reputable 
house  of  Marshal  &  Aikens,  where  he  became  acquainted  with  the  art  of  cut- 
ting. In  1888  Mr.  Aitchison  decided  upon  emigration,  being  impressed  with 
the  opportunities  the  new  world  held  out  to  an  energetic  young  man,  and  came 
to  Canada,  being  for  the  first  two  years  employed  as  a  journeyman  in  Montreal. 
In  1890  the  spirit  of  the  west  brought  him  to  British  Columbia,  in  which  prov- 
ince he  found  work  in  Kamloops,  and  in  1891  he  came  to  New  Westminster. 
The  following  thirteen  years  were  spent  between  New  Westminster,  Vancouver, 
Victoria  and  Kamloops  and  for  five  and  .one-half  years,  beginning  with  1898, 
Mr.  Aitchison  acted  as  trade  instructor  in  the  penitentiary  at  New  Westminster. 
Since  that  time  he  has  been  permanently  located  in  this  city.  In  1904  he  estab- 
lished his  present  extensive  tailoring  establishment,  his  first  location  being  at 
No.  711  Columbia  street,  but  he  now  has  his  shop  in  the  New  Westminster 
Trust  block,  to  which  building  he  moved  in  1912,  securing  commodious  quarters. 
Thoroughly  versed  in  his  trade,  he  has  by  fair  and  strictly  honest  business  meth- 
ods built  up  an  extensive  patronage,  from  which  he  derives  a  gratifying  annual 
income.  His  custom  is  extensive  and  representative,  many  of  his  orders  com- 
ing from  the  surrounding  country. 

In  1899  Mr.  Aitchison  married  Miss  Mary  Moore  Campbell,  of  Edinburgh, 
Scotland,  and  to  this  union  were  born  two  sons  and  two  daughters,  Jessie  Greig, 
Lillias  Scouler,  James  Campbell  and  Arthur  Allistair.  The  family  are  members 
of  the  Presbyterian  church. 

Mr.  Aitchison  is  prominent  in  the  Masonic  order,  holding  membership  in 
Union  Lodge,  No.  9,  A.  F.  &  A.  M. ;  New  Westminster  Chapter,  R.  A.  M. ; 
New  Westminster  Preceptory,  No.  56,  K.  T. ;  and  Gizeh  Temple,  A.  A.  O.  N. 
M.  S.,  of  Victoria.  He  also  is  a  member  of  "Ye  Corporation  O'  Squareman," 
of  Camongate,  Edinburgh,  Scotland.  He  has  served  as  vice  president  of  New 


JAMES  N.  AITCHTSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  897 

Westminster  Aerie,  No.  20,  Fraternal  Order  of  Eagles;  and  past  chief  of  Lord 
of  the  Isles  Camp,  No.  191,  Sons  of  Scotland.  Mr.  Aitchison  is  also  a  member 
of  the  Westminster  Club.  A  man  who  takes  a  deep  interest  in  the  social  condi- 
tions of  life  and  governmental  affairs  as  they  affect  the  public,  he  connects  him- 
self with  all  public-spirited  movements  undertaken  in  the  interest  of  the  people 
and  can  always  be  relied  upon  for  his  support.  He  is  highly  respected  in  busi- 
ness and  social  circles  for  what  he  has  attained  and  for  those  qualities  of  mind 
and  character  which  have  made  possible  his  success. 


REV.  WILMOT  BAUGH-ALLEN. 

The  year  1886  brought  the  Rev.  Wilmot  Baugh-Allen  to  Canada  and  British 
Columbia,  and  here  he  has  since  become  a  strong  factor  in  spreading  Chris- 
tianity and  a  force  in  community,  public  and  political  life.  During  the  twenty- 
six  years  in  which  this  province  has  been  the  field  of  his  labors  he  has  wrought 
much  good  and  his  words  of  advice  and  admonition  have  borne  fruit  in  those  who 
have  sat  under  his  pulpit.  He  now  occupies  the  position  of  pastor  of  St.  Paul's 
church  at  Esquimalt,  one  of  the  few  historical  churches  of  British  Columbia. 
Rev.  Wilmot  Baugh-Allen  was  born  in  London,  England,  November  12,  1858, 
and  is  a  son  of  George  and  Dorothea  Hannah  (Eaton)  Baugh-Allen,  natives  of 
Pembrokeshire,  South  Wales.  Immediately  following  their  marriage  they  re- 
moved to  London.  The  father  was  by  profession  a  special  pleader,  which  cor- 
responds to  our  counsellor;  that  is,  a  lawyer  who  never  goes  before  the  courts. 
In  1875  the  judicature  act  was  passed,  doing  away  with  the  office  of  special 
pleader,  of  whom  there  were  at  that  time  only  four  men  who  were  confining 
themselves  strictly  to  that  branch  of  work.  They  were  Messrs.  Butterworth, 
Chitty,  Pike  and  Baugh-Allen.  These  four,  however,  were  permitted  to  continue 
in  their  practice  for  the  remainder  of  their  lives.  It  was  the  custom  of  Mr.  Baugh- 
Allen  to  go  to  Pembrokeshire  every  year  for  a  vacation,  staying  there  several 
weeks.  While  there  he  always  took  a  very  active  part  in  politics  and  public 
affairs,  although  he  was  a  man  of  retiring  nature.  While  in  London  he  lived  a 
quiet  life  and  died  there  in  1898,  his  wife  having  died  in  1868. 

Rev.  Wilmot  Baugh-Allen  attended  Wellington  College  and  nearly  all  of  his 
schoolmates  are  now  officers  in  the  British  army.  He  was  later  articled  to  the 
law  firm  of  Williamson,  Hill  &  Company,  Sherborne  Lane,  London,  and  com- 
pleted his  studies  under  them.  He  then  obtained  a  practicing  certificate  as  attor- 
ney of  common  law  and  solicitor  of  the  high  court  of  chancery.  Accepting  a 
position  as  managing  clerk  with  the  law  firm  of  Cronin  &  Rivolta,  on  South- 
ampton Row,  London,  he  continued  with  them  for  one  year  and  then  attended 
Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  for  the  same  period.  He  took  up  practice  for  one  year 
and  then  went  to  King's  College,  London,  and  was  ordained  to  the  ministry  of 
the  Church  of  England  by  Dr.  Lewis,  Bishop  of  Llandaff.  He  acted  for  a  time 
as  assistant  curate  at  St.  John's  at  Cardiff  and  St.  Woolos,  Newport,  in  Monmouth- 
shire. In  London  he  was  connected  with  Holy  Trinity  church  of  Kentish  Town. 

In  1886  Rev.  Baugh-Allen  married  and  came  to  Canada  on  his  honeymoon. 
He  made  his  way  direct  to  British  Columbia,  locating  at  Chilliwack,  on  the  Eraser 
river,  and  was  appointed  rector  of  St.  Thomas  church  by  Dr.  Sillitoe,  the  first 
bishop  of  New  Westminster.  He  continued  in  charge  of  that  church  for  thir- 
teen years,  building  up  a  powerful  organization  and  giving  the  best  in  him  for 
the  spread  of  Christianity.  Sympathetic  and  kindly,  yet  severe  in  admonition, 
he  guided  the  inner  life  of  his  parishioners  and  was  ever  their  trusted  friend  and 
adviser.  Not  only,  however,  was  he  a  force  in  religious  life,  but  actively  partici- 
pated in  public  and  political  affairs.  At  that  time  there  was  no  fire  marshal  or 
chief  of  police  in  Chilliwack  and  the  rector  of  St.  Thomas  acted  in  many  capaci- 
ties which  are  generally  not  considered  to  be  part  of  the  duties  of  the  man  who 
wears  the  cloth.  With  the  help  of  members  of  his  church  he  laid  the  first  side- 

Vol.  Ill— 3  1 


898  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

walk  in  Chilliwack,  which  was  a  gravel  walk  leading  past  the  front  of  the  church. 
His  thirteen  years  of  labor  in  that  field  were  of  a  most  substantial  and  lasting 
nature  and  his  ministrations  to  the  spiritual  needs  of  the  people  and  his  many 
public-spirited  deeds  will  long  be  remembered  by  the  pioneers.  It  was  largely 
due  to  the  unflagging  efforts  of  the  Rev.  Baugh-Allen  that  Chilliwack  became 
one  of  the  most  flourishing  towns  in  the  Fraser  valley.  Personally,  however, 
Rev.  Baugh-Allen  is  of  such  a  modest  nature  and  retiring  disposition  that  he 
does  not  feel  that  any  great  credit  or  praise  is  due  him  for  the  many  ways  in 
which  he  benefited  the  community,  for  he  claims  that  honors  are  about  even 
and  that  he  derived  as  much  pleasure  from  his  work  in  the  first  years  of  the 
great  west  as  his  labors  were  worth.  He  looks  back  with  much  satisfaction  upon 
those  years  which  he  spent  in  the  Fraser  valley  and  the  great  Canadian  west 
which  he  has  come  to  love  so  dearly,  and  upon  his  many  pleasant  experiences 
there  and  the  scores  of  cherished  friendships  among  those  sturdy,  big-hearted 
pioneers. 

In  1899  Rev.  Baugh-Allen  came  to  Victoria  to  take  charge  of  Archdeacon 
Scriven's  work  during  the  latter's  absence  in  California,  and  at  the  close  of 
the  time  joined  the  cathedral  staff  as  assistant  to  Canon  Beanlands,  having 
at  the  same  time  charge  of  the  mission  at  Chemainus  and  afterward  that  of 
St.  Mary's,  Metchosin.  At  the  end  of  five  years  he  was  appointed  rector  of 
St.  Mark's  church  at  Cloverdale,  Victoria,  doing  highly  effective  Christian 
work  in  this  connection.  In  1908  Rev.  Baugh-Allen  returned  to  England  on  a 
visit  and  during  his  stay  the  church  of  St.  Paul's  at  Esquimalt,  Victoria,  became 
vacant  and  upon  his  return  in  the  fall  of  the  same  year  he  took  up  his  present 
work,  into  which  he  puts  his  whole  soul.  It  is  interesting  to  record  that  this 
church  had  its  beginning  more  than  fifty  years  ago.  Originally  it  was  solely 
a  Royal  Naval  Station  church  and  shortly  after  the  Rev.  Mr.  Baugh-Allen's  ap- 
pointment it  was  also  made  the  Garrison  church.  It  is  a  beautiful  edifice  with 
numerous  handsome  memorial  windows,  and  especially  wonderful  because  of  the 
early  day  in  which  it  was  built. 

In  August,  1886,  in  London,  England,  Rev.  Baugh-Allen  was  married  to 
Marion  Agnes  Howes.  They  have  three  children,  Sibyl  Kathleen,  Gwilym 
Wilmot  and  Cuthbert  Bleiddian.  Mrs.  Baugh-Allen  is  active  in  charitable  and 
church  work  and  interests  herself  deeply  in  movements  to  uplift  the  com- 
munity. She  is  at  present  head  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  of  the  church  and 
of  St.  Paul's  Guild.  In  his  political  views  Rev.  Baugh-Allen  is  a  conservative. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Conservative  Club  of  Victoria.  Anything  that  makes 
for  the  betterment  of  humanity  engages  his  attention,  and  his  life  has  been  a 
round  of  ceaseless  activity  toward  that  end,  rich  in  results  and  of  lasting  benefit 
to  the  people  among  whom  he  has  worked. 


JOHN    SAMPSON. 

The  life  record  of  John  Sampson  is  that  of  a  man  who  through  unceasing 
diligence  and  enterprise  has  risen  to  a  position  which  entitles  him  to  mention 
among  the  influential  and  representative  citizens  of  Nanaimo.  Since  a  lad  of  eleven 
years  he  has  been  dependent  upon  his  own  exertions  and  the  success  he  has 
achieved  is  the  result  of  his  individual  effort,  and  ranks  him  among  the  self-made 
men  of  Nanaimo.  He  was  born  in  Cornwall,  England,  on  March  12,  1852,  and 
is  a  son  of  James  and  Mary  (Floyd)  Sampson.  The  father,  who  was  a  miner, 
passed  his  entire  life  in  the  old  country,  where  his  death  occurred  in  1893.  The 
mother  subsequently  came  to  British  Columbia,  making  her  home  in  Nanaimo 
until  she  passed  away  in  1911. 

The  boyhood  and  youth  of  John  Sampson  were  passed  in  Cornwall,  and  being 
the  son  of  a  mine  worker  his  educational  advantages  were  limited.  Such  school- 
ing as  he  received  was  obtained  prior  to  the  age  of  eleven  years,  at  which  time 


JOHN  SAMPSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  901 

he  went  to  Work  in  the  stamp  mills  of  Cornwall.  A  year  or  two  later  he  entered 
upon  the  work  in  the  tin  mines,  where  he  was  employed  until  he  reached  his 
majority.  Feeling  convinced  the  North  American  continent  afforded  opportuni- 
ties for  more  rapid  advancement,  he  then  took  passage  for  the  United  States, 
spending  twelve  days  on  the  Atlantic  ocean.  He  had  taken  passage  for  a  port 
in  the  United  States  and  upon  his  arrival  located  in  New  Jersey,  obtaining  em- 
ployment in  the  iron  mines.  Later,  he  decided  to  come  to  British  Columbia, 
making  the  journey  by  way  of  San  Francisco  to  Victoria.  His  destination, 
however,  was  Nanaimo,  where  he  located  in  1875  and  went  to  work  for  the  Van- 
couver Coal  Company.  Mining  continued  to  engage  his  attention  for  about  a 
year,  when  he  began  diamond  drilling  for  the  company,  continuing  in  their  employ 
until  1884.  Resigning  his  position  he  went  to  Douglas  island,  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  famous  Treadwell  mines,  and  there  continued  diamond  drilling  for  another 
two  years.  In  1886,  he  returned  to  Nanaimo  and  bought  the  photograph  business 
of  Mr.  Boyden  which  he  conducted  for  six  years.  At  the  expiration  of  that 
time  he  engaged  in  the  sporting  goods  business  in  a  small  way,  meeting  with  such 
success  that  he  was  later  able  to  extend  the  scope  of  his  activities  by  adding  a 
stock  of  hardware.  During  the  intervening  years  he  has  continued  to  enlarge 
his  business  until  he  is  now  the  proprietor  of  one  of  the  city's  most  thriving  and 
prosperous  mercantile  concerns. 

On  the  i6th  of  July,  1883,  Mr.  Sampson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Jennie 
Luckey  and  to  them  have  been  born  eight  children,  as  follows :  Edith,  the  wife 
of  George  Wilson,  of  Nanaimo;  Albert  J.,  who  is  engaged  in  business  with  his 
father;  Winifred,  who  is  at  home;  William,  who  is  engaged  in  the  automobile 
business  in  Nanaimo;  Ethel,  now  Mrs.  Scott,  of  Nanaimo;  and  Tryphena,  John 
Floyd  and  Dorothy,  all  of  whom  are  attending  school. 

The  family  manifest  their  religious  faith  through  their  connection  with  the 
Methodist  church,  and  fraternally  Mr.  Sampson  is  a  member  of  the  Independent 
Order  of  Foresters.  His  career  should  be  a  source  of  inspiration  to  other  young 
men  who  start  out  in  life  empty-handed,  as  the  success  which  has  come  to  him 
has  been  gained  through  hard  work,  thrift  and  capable  management.  He  is 
watchful  and  alert  and  his  ability  to  foresee  and  recognize  opportunities  not  dis- 
cernible to  the  average  individual  has  been  of  inestimable  value  to  him  in  the 
development  of  his  interests. 


WILLIAM    JAMES    MABLE. 

William  James  Mable  has  long  been  connected  with  business  interests  of 
Victoria  as  a  successful  carriage  manufacturer  and  is  now  in  control  of  one  of 
the  largest  and  most  important  factories  of  this  character  in  the  city — an  institu- 
tion which  he  founded  and  which  his  energy,  executive  ability  and  enterprise 
have  built  up  to  its  present  gratifying  proportions.  He  was  born  in  Thorold, 
Ontario,  on  the  23d  of  November,'  1854,  a  son  of  William  J.  and  Jane  Mable, 
natives  of  County  Antrim,  Ireland.  The  parents  emigrated  to  Canada  in  early 
life  and  settled  in  Thorold,  where  the  father  engaged  in  the  grain  business  and 
also  served  as  government  canal  inspector  for  several  years. 

William  James  Mable  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  and 
at  the  age  of  eighteen  laid  aside  his  books,  turning  his  attention  for  the  next 
five  years  to  learning  the  carriage  building  business.  In  1884  he  moved  to  Vic- 
toria and  entered  the  employ  of  a  carriage  manufacturing  concern  here  and 
maintained  this  connection  until  he  engaged  in  business  for  himself.  He  erected 
a  two-story  frame  building,  thirty  by  fifty  feet  in  dimensions,  at  717  Johnston  street 
and  there  carried  on  his  factory  for  a  number  of  years.  Eventually  he  erected 
a  brick  structure  of  two  stories  on  the  same  location,  the  dimensions  of  the  new 
building  being  sixty  by  one  hundred  feet.  In  1912  he  added  a  third  floor  to 
this  factory  and  the  three  stories  are  utilized  in  carrying  on  his  extensive  and 


902  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

ever  increasing  business.  Every  department  known  to  carriage  manufacturing 
is  represented  in  Mr.  Mable's  perfectly  appointed  and  thoroughly  equipped  fac- 
tory. These  include  an  unholstering  department  wherein  is  every  facility  for 
handling  this  branch  of  the  business.  Mr.  Mable  making  a  specialty  of  high- 
grade  work  for  automobiles.  In  the  painting  department  wagons,  buggies,  busses 
and  trucks  are  painted  and  all  kinds  of  automobile  painting  and  decorating  are 
done.  This  is  in  addition  to  plain  and  ornamental  signs,  of  which  a  great  num- 
ber are  completed  every  year.  Mr.  Mable  also  operates  a  wood-working  depart- 
ment in  which  all  the  material  which  he  uses  in  the  construction  of  his  buggies  and 
automobile  bodies  is  sawed  and  finished  and  put  into  condition  for  use;  a  black- 
smith shop  department  where  all  metal  parts  of  automobiles  and  buggies  are 
repaired;  a  department  where  tops  and  curtains  for  automobiles,  buggies  and 
trucks  are  manufactured  and  repaired ;  a  department  for  equipping  vehicles  with 
solid  rubber  tires;  another  where  the  different  lines  and  styles  of  buggies  and 
wagons  are  kept;  and  a  stock  department  where  a  complete  stock  of  parts  and 
supplies  for  all  classes  of  vehicles  are  stored,  these  being  bought  in  carload  lots. 
The  factory  is  thoroughly  equipped  in  every  particular,  being  supplied  with  all 
kinds  of  modern  machinery  and  no  feature  new  to  the  trade  is  neglected  or  over- 
looked by  Mr.  Mable.  Much  of  his  success  in  the  building  up  of  this  great  con- 
cern is  due  to  the  fact  that  he  is  himself  a  master  workman,  understanding  every 
branch  of  his  business,  and  can  always  be  found  busily  engaged  in  some  depart- 
ment of  his  factory.  He  employs  a  very  large  force  of  experienced  men  and 
contemplates  enlarging  his  quarters  in  the  near  future  in  order  that  his  con- 
stantly increasing  volume  of  business  may  be  more  efficiently  handled. 

In  Victoria,  in  March,  1890,  Mr.  Mable  married  Miss  Loma  Weldon,  a  native 
of  New  Brunswick,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  four  children:  Pearl, 
Arthur,  Loma  and  Marian.  Mr.  Mable  served  for  six  years  in  the  British  Colum- 
bia Garrison  Artillery,  Canadian  Militia.  He  is  past  chairman  of  the  Con- 
servative Association  and  is  well  known  in  local  politics,  having  served  from 
1909  to  1911  as  alderman  of  Victoria  and  being  moreover  always  to  be  found 
among  the  leaders  in  the  promotion  of  projects  for  city  growth  and  development. 
Fraternally  he  is  identified  with  Columbia  Lodge  No.  i,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of 
Victoria  and  the  Carriage  Makers'  Protective  Association  of  which  he  was  one 
of  the  founders.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  church  and  is  known  as  a 
man  of  exemplary  character,  straightforward  in  his  dealings  and  honorable  and 
upright  in  all  the  relations  of  life.  His  present  enviable  success  has  been  the 
direct  result  of  his  hard  work,  his  close  application  and  his  thorough  knowledge 
of  his  business  and  it  places  him  among  the  substantial  and  representative  men  of 
the  city. 


J.  G.  BELL. 

J.  G.  Bell,  a  pioneer  farmer  of  Chilliwack,  where  since  1869  he  has  been 
closely  connected  with  agricultural  interests,  was  born  in  County  Longford, 
Ireland,  in  1833  and  is  a  son  of  Charles  and  Anna  (Hall)  Bell.  He  acquired  his 
education  in  his  native  country  and  when  he  was  sixteen  years  of  age  went  to 
England  and  thence  across  the  Atlantic  to  New  Orleans,  where  he  settled  in  1851, 
having  spent  two  months  and  eleven  days  upon  the  journey.  He  later  left  Amer- 
ica and  traveled  extensively  through  the  countries  of  the  world.  He  was  a  sea- 
man on  the  United  States  steam  frigate  San  Jacinto  when  that  vessel  carried  to 
Japan,  Townsend  Harris,  the  first  American  minister  to  that  country,  and  his 
secretary.  Mr.  Bell  was  among  the  party  which  took  Mr.  Harris  and  secretary 
on  shore  at  Simoda,  the  treaty  port,  and  there  erected  a  flagstaff  and  hoisted  the 
first  American  flag  in  Japan.  The  San  Jacinto  sailed  the  following  day  for  China, 
leaving  Mr.  Harris  and  his  secretary  in  Japan,  the  only  two  white  men  in  that 
empire.  Mr.  Bell  arrived  at  Hong  Kong  at  the  time  of  the  English  and  French 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  903 

war  with  China  and  was  present  at  the  capture  of  the  barrier  forts  on  the  Canton 
river.'  He  returned  in  1856  and  soon  after  went  to  Australia,  where  he  spent 
eleven  years,  a  period  which  comprised  the  "boom"  days  of  the  great  Australian 
gold  region.  In  1869  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  preempted  his  present 
farm  of  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres,  all  of  which  was  in  a  wild  condition  and 
covered  with  scrub  and  timber.  Mr.  Bell  felled  the  trees  by  hand  and,  acre 
by  acre,  broke  the  soil,  eventually  bringing  the  entire  tract  under  cultivation.  He 
built  an  attractive  home,  barns,  granaries  and  outbuildings,  and  installed  all 
the  conveniences  in  equipment  and  accessories  necessary  to  the  conduct  of  a 
model  farm.  He  is  today  one  of  the  leading  agriculturists  in  his  part  of  the 
province  and  his  success  is  based  upon  substantial  qualities  of  industry,  energy 
and  perseverance. 

Mr.  Bell  married  in  1894  Miss  Helena  Wright,  of  Ireland,  and  they  have 
become  the  parents  of  five  children,  Eileen,  Katherine,  Charles,  Molly  and  Helena. 
Mr.  Bell's  work  and  activities  have  had  a  distinct  influence  upon  the  history  of 
this  section  and  upon  the  trend  of  local  agricultural  development.  Through  his 
own  labor,  enterprise  and  good  management  he  has  become  the  owner  of  valua- 
ble property  and  is  widely  and  favorably  known  in  his  community  for  his  many 
sterling  traits  of  character  and  his  business  progressiveness. 


JAMES   MALCOLM   SAVAGE. 

James  Malcolm  Savage  has  been  a  resident  of  Victoria  since  the  fall  of  1906. 
He  was  born  September  15,  1864,  in  Sherrington,  Quebec,  his  parents  being 
William  and  Christina  Savage.  Following  in  the  business  footsteps  of  his  father, 
he  became  a  contractor  and  was  engaged  on  the  construction  work  of  the  Cana- 
dian Pacific  Railway  in  1882  on  the  north  shore  of  Lake  Superior.  In  1888,  he 
went  to  Rat  Portage,  Ontario,  where  he  conducted  a  lumber  and  sawmill  business 
until  1900.  In  the  latter  year  he  removed  to  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  where  he  con- 
ducted business  as  a  lumber,  real-estate  and  financial  agent,  spending  six  years 
in  that  province.  Mr.  Savage  arrived  in  British  Columbia  in  1906  and  was  con- 
nected with  the  opening  of  the  Pacific  coast  coal  mines  at  South  Wellington,  where 
he  still  has  interests.  In  the  fall  of  the  same  year  he  established  his  home  in 
Victoria,  where  he  has  since  resided. 

Mr.  Savage  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Arbuthnot  in  St.  Catharines, 
Ontario,  and  they  have  one  child,  Mrs.  T.  O.  MacKay. 

In  his  political  faith  Mr.  Savage  is  a  conservative  and  during  his  residence  in 
Rat  Portage  was  prominent  in  connection  with  political  life.  For  four  years  he 
served  as  mayor  of  the  city  and  was  later  elected  to  the  Ontario  legislature.  He 
is  a  member  of  Maple  Leaf  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  St.  Catharines,  Ontario,  and 
he  also  holds  membership  in  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters.  He  likewise 
belongs  to  the  Episcopal  church  and  along  social  lines  to  the  Union  Club. 


STUART   GRAHAM   CAMPBELL. 

Stuart  Graham  Campbell,  a  representative  and  prosperous  citizen  of  Victoria, 
is  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  James  McDonald  &  Company,  general  contractors,  and 
is  also  engaged  in  the  real-estate  business.  His  birth  occurred  in  Arichat,  Nova 
Scotia,  on  the  I2th  of  September,  1873,  his  parents  being  James  and  Catherine 
Campbell.  The  father  came  to  Canada  from  Scotland  about  1831,  settling  in 
New  Brunswick.  Subsequently  he  removed  to  Sydney,  Nova  Scotia,  and  from 
1874  until  a  recent  date  was  engaged  in  the  wholesale  confectionery  business 
there.  He  is  now  living  retired. 


904  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Stuart  G.  Campbell  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Sydney, 
Nova  Scotia,  and  on  putting  aside  his  text-books  entered  the  Merchants  Bank 
of  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  now  the  Royal  Bank  of  Canada,  remaining  in  the  service 
of  that  institution  for  five  years.  In  1897  he  made  his  way  to  Nelson,  British 
Columbia,  and  was  there  employed  as  an  accountant  for  six  years.  On  the  expi- 
ration of  that  period,  in  1903,  he  removed  to  Edmonton,  Alberta,  and  there 
embarked  in  the  cigar  business.  Three  years  later  he  disposed  of  his  interests 
and  returned  to  Nelson,  British  Columbia,  where  he  spent  the  period  from  1906 
until  1909  as  one  of  the  promoters  of  the  Eureka  .mines.  Subsequently  he  was 
associated  with  W.  G.  Gillett  in  the  contracting  business  at  Nelson.  In  1911  he 
came  to  Victoria  and  has  here  since  remained  as  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  James 
McDonald  &  Company,  general  contractors  for  wharves,  bridges,  railroad  work, 
etc.  He  devotes  his  attention  principally  to  the  conduct  of  this  enterprise  but 
is  also  engaged  in  the  real-estate  business  to  some  extent  and  in  both  departments 
of  activity  has  won  a  well  merited  measure  of  success.  His  military  experience 
covers  two  years'  service  as  a  member  of  the  Seventeenth  Horse  Artillery  of 
Sydney,  Nova  Scotia. 

On  the  loth  of  October,  1908,  at  Sydney,  Nova  Scotia,  Mr.  Campbell  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Olive  Ball,  a  daughter  of  William  L.  and  Maria  Ball. 
Our  subject  and  his  wife  have  one  son,  Sydney  Gibson.  In  his  political  views 
Mr.  Campbell  is  a  liberal,  while  his  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian 
church.  He  likewise  belongs  to  the  Camosun  Club  of  Victoria.  He  is  interested 
in  all  that  pertains  to  public  progress  and  improvement  along  material,  intellectual 
and  moral  lines,  and  he  has  found  that  in  business  industry  and  energy  will  bring 
success,  for  it  has  been  those  qualities  which  he  has  employed  in  attaining  his 
present  prosperity. 


WILLIAM  TILTON. 

William  Tilton  has  for  sixteen  years  been  engaged  in  the  development  of  his 
farm  located  near  Steveston  on  Road  No.  4,  and  during  that  time  he  has  trans- 
formed it  from  a  tract  of  wild  land  into  one  of  the  highly  improved  and  well 
cultivated  properties  of  this  section.  He  was  born  in  Oxford  county,  Ontario, 
on  the  I4th  of  February,  1871,  and  is  a  son  of  Samuel  and  Caroline  (Anger) 
Tilton.  The  mother  is  deceased  but  the  father  is  living  and  makes  his  home  at 
Eburne,  British  Columbia. 

In  the  acquirement  of  his  education  William  Tilton  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Oxford  until  he  was  a  youth  of  sixteen  years.  He  then  became  self-support- 
ing, continuing  to  make  his  home  in  his  native  town  until  1891,  when  he  came 
to  British  Columbia.  During  the  first  two  years  of  his  residence  here  he  engaged 
in  the  dairy  business,  withdrawing  from  that  line  in  order  to  go  into  the  butcher- 
ing business.  He  so  continued  for  three  years,  and  at  the  expiration  of  that  period 
filed  on  eighty  acres  of  wild  land.  His  energies  were  devoted  immediately  to 
the  clearing  of  this  place,  in  the  cultivation  and  improvement  of  which  he  has 
ever  since  engaged.  His  operations  are  directed  with  clear  judgment  and  fore- 
sight, and  the  results  are  in  every  way  a  credit  to  his  agricultural  skill  and  busi- 
ness ability. 

In  Oxford  county,  Ontario,  on  the  5th  of  October,  1898,  Mr.  Tilton  was 
married  to  Miss  Alfretta  Oatman,  a  daughter  of  Eli  and  Eltha  Oatman.  To 
this  marriage  have  been  born  four  children :  Paul,  who  is  thirteen  years  of  age ; 
Eli,  who  has  passed  .the  eleventh  anniversary  of  his  birth ;  Carl,  who  has  attained 
the  age  of  eight  years ;  and  Dorothy,  who  is  still  in  her  infancy. 

The  parents  hold  membership  in  the  Methodist  Epsicopal  church,  and  Mr.  Til- 
ton  is  a  member  of  the  quarterly  official  board.  He  is  a  charter  member  of  the 
Eburne  lodge  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  and  assisted  in  build- 
ing their  hall  at  that  point.  He  is  interested  in  local  political  activities  and  is  a 


WILLIAM   TILTON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  907 

school  trustee  of  the  Richmond  district.  Mr.  Tilton  is  leading  an  active  and 
enterprising  life,  and  such  success  as  has  crowned  his  efforts  is  fully  merited,  as 
he  has  energetically  and  consistently  applied  himself  to  the  achievement  of  a 
definite  purpose. 

GEORGE  T.   WADDS. 

George  T.  Wadds,  a  photographer  of  Vancouver,  holding  high  professional 
standards  in  his  work,  was  born  in  Antrim,  Ireland,  January  14,  1873,  and  is  a 
son  of  George  and  Margaret  (Bill)  Wadds,  the  former  a  native  of  Leicestershire, 
England,  and  the  latter  of  Ireland.  They  came  to  Canada  in  1876,  settling  in 
Ontario,  the  remainder  of  their  lives  being  spent  in  that  province,  where  Mr. 
Wadds  carried  on  horticultural  pursuits,  but  both  he  and  his  wife  are  now 
deceased. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Ontario,  George  T.  Wadds  pursued  his  education 
until  he  put  aside  his  text-books  at  an  early  age  to  take  up  the  study  of  photography, 
entering  a  studio  in  Toronto,  where  he  worked  for  seven  years.  In  September, 
1892,  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  with  his  brother,  David  Wadds,  opened  a  studio 
under  the  name  of  Wadds  Brothers.  In  1898  they  dissolved  partnership,  the 
brother  going  to  Nelson,  British  Columbia,  but  the  business  at  Vancouver  was 
continued  under  the  old  firm  name  until  April,  1912,  when  the  studio  was  destroyed 
by  fire,  Upon  again  embarking  in  business  he  adopted  the  name  of  the  George 
T.  Wadds  Studio,  and  he  now  has  a  well  established  photographic  studio.  Having 
been  engaged  in  following  his  profession  in  Vancouver  continuously  since  1892, 
he  is  one  of  the  oldest  established  photographers  of  the  city.  He  keeps  in  touch 
with  modern  processes  and  improvements  and  the  artistic  and  excellent  nature  of 
his  work  has  brought  him  a  gratifying  and  well  deserved  patronage. 

In  November,  1901,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Wadds  married  Miss  Stella  Louise 
Eldridge,  a  daughter  of  C.  C.  Eldridge,  connected  with  the  customs  department  of 
Vancouver.  In  politics  Mr.  Wadds  is  a  conservative  but  not  active.  He  holds 
membership  in  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Club  and  in  the  Wesley  Methodist 
Episcopal  church.  He  has  never  deviated  from  high  standards,  either  in  his 
profession  or  in  his  private  relations  with  his  fellowmen,  and  the  years  of  his 
residence  in  Vancouver  have  made  him  widely  and  favorably  known. 


GEORGE  FORTIN. 

Although  George  Fortin  is  one  of  the  later  arrivals  in  Victoria  he  has  already 
become  established  here  as  a  substantial  and  representative  business  man,  for  in 
his  conduct  of  the  affairs  of  the  Clarence  Hotel,  of  which  he  is  proprietor,  he  has 
displayed  those  qualities  upon  which  business  prominence  depends.  He  was  born 
m  Chicoutimi,  Quebec,  January  23,  1868,  and  is  a  son  of  Wilfred  and  Mary 
Fortin,  the  former  of  whom  was  for  many  years  in  the  general  merchandise  and 
the  flour-milling  business  in  that  city. 

George  Fortin  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  New  Brunswick 
and  in  1886  came  to  Vancouver  and  turned  his  attention  first  to  the  planing-mill 
business,  so  continuing  until  1900,  when  he  purchased  the  Leland  Hotel,  of  which 
he  was  proprietor  for  twelve  years,  proving  himself  eminently  well  qualified  for 
this  line  of  work  and  conducting  the  enterprise  in  a  progressive  and  able  way. 
In  1912  he  moved  to  Victoria,  where  he  became  proprietor  of  the  Clarence  Hotel, 
of  which  he  has  since  been  manager,  his  former  experience  in  the  hotel  business 
proving  an  important  factor  in  his  success.  He  has  made  the  Clarence  one  of 
the  finest  hotels  in  the  city,  well  furnished,  well  equipped  and  progressively  con- 
ducted, nothing  being  neglected  which  will  add  to  the  comfort  or  convenience  of 
the  guests. 


908  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

On  the  6th  of  January,  1890,  at  Mission  Junction,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Fortin 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Anna  Desrocher,  a  daughter  of  A.  Desrocher, 
for  many  years  in  the  fur  trade  at  Three  Rivers,  Quebec.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fortin 
are  the  parents  of  seven  children,  Henry,  Alfred,  Henrietta,  Archie,  George, 
Edward  and  Florence. 

Mr.  Fortin  is  a  member  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church  and  is  connected 
fraternally  with  the  Benevolent  Protective  Order  of  Elks  and  the  Loyal  Order 
of  Moose.  He  belongs  to  the  Commercial  Club  of  Vancouver  and  is  interested 
in  the  growth  and  advancement  of  the  city  where  in  one  year  he  has  gained  for 
himself  a  place  among  substantial  and  progressive  business  men. 


SYDNEY  MORGAN  EVELEIGH. 

In  the  year  1888  Sydney  Morgan  Eveleigh,  then  a  young  architect  of  unusual 
ability  and  promise,  came  direct  from  England  to  Vancouver,  where  from  that 
time  to  the  present  his  citizenship  has  been  accounted  among  the  most  valuable 
and  important  of  the  city's  assets.  He  has  seen  the  community  develop  from  a 
small  town  into  a  thriving  and  populous  city,  has  watched  the  growth  of  its 
business  institutions  and  has  never  neglected  any  opportunity  to  advance  com- 
munity interests  or  promote  general  progress  and  growth.  He  himself  has  risen 
from  a  comparatively  obscure  position  to  a  place  among  the  leading  architects 
of  the  city  and  today  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Dalton  &  Eveleigh  holds  a  place 
of  distinctive  precedence  in  a  profession  to  which  he  has  devoted  his  entire 
active  career.  He  was  born  in  Bedford,  England,  in  1870,  and  is  a  son  of  Robert 
and  Jane  (Mellowes)  Eveleigh,  the  former  a  native  of  London  and  the  later 
of  Bedford.  The  father  was  in  the  lace  manufacturing  business  for  a  number 
of  years  but  is  now  retired,  making  his  home  at  Olney,  England. 

Sydney  M.  Eveleigh  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  Harpur  public  school, 
taking  what  was  known  as  the  Oxford  and  Cambridge  examination.  During 
the  last  five  years  in  that  institution  he  took  special  courses  in  architecture, 
studying  under  Rev.  F.  C.  Boultbee,  a  cousin  of  members  of  the  well  known 
Boultbee  family  of  Vancouver.  He  was  thus  thoroughly  qualified  for  his  chosen 
profession  when,  in  May,  1888,  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  and  settled  at  New 
Westminster,  British  Columbia.  Immediately  afterward  he  joined  N.  S.  Hoffar, 
a  well  known  architect,  of  Vancouver,  whose  offices  were  on  exactly  the  same 
spot  where  Mr.  Eveleigh  is  located  today.  This  is  the  present  site  of  the  Davis 
Chambers  but  at  that  time  a  small  two-story  frame  building  stood  there,  serv- 
ing its  purpose  with  Mr.  Hoffar's  home  on  the  same  lot  in 'the  rear.  In  the 
employ  of  Mr.  Hoffar,  Mr.  Eveleigh  aided  in  planning  and  constructing  prac- 
tically all  of  the  old  business  blocks  on  Cordova  street,  then  the  principal  thor- 
oughfare, his  work  including  also  the  old  courthouse  at  Cambie  and  Hastings 
streets,  on  which  he  was  superintendent  of  construction.  Four  years  after  his 
arrival  in  Vancouver  he  returned  to  England,  where  he  spent  two  years  in  the 
further  study  of  his  profession,  returning  to  Vancouver  at  the  end.  of  that  time 
with  broader  knowledge  and  a  wider  outlook.  In  1895  he  joined  W.  T.  Dalton 
in  the  organization  of  the  firm  of  Dalton  &  Eveleigh,  which  for  the  past  eigh- 
teen years  has  been  one  of  Vancouver's  leading  firms  of  architects,  connected 
through  a  large  and  representative  patronage  with  a  great  deal  of  the  most  impor- 
tant building  work  in  the  city.  They  are  the  architects  for  the  Hewson,  Haddon 
and  Bostock  estates  and  for  the  Provincial  Government  and  they  designed  and 
erected  the  Northern  Crown  Bank  building  for  this  district,  all  of  the  old  Hud- 
son's Bay  Company's  buildings,  three  Masonic  temples,  Davis  Chambers,  the 
Leckie  building,  the  large  warehouse  owned  by  Vallance  &  Leggat,  the  Alcazar 
Hotel,  St.  George's  Indian  school  at  Lytton  and  the  Tuberculosis  Hospital  at 
Tranquille,  near  Kamloops,  and  they  are  the  supervising  architects  for  the  new 
courthouse  in  Vancouver.  Mr.  Eveleigh  has  been  a  helpful  factor  in  the  great 


SYDNEY  M.  EVELEIGH 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  911 

growth  of  this  business  and  much  of  the  prestige  which  the  firm  enjoys  today 
is  due  to  his  ability  in  his  profession,  his  energy  and  progressive  spirit.  His 
designs  show  always  beauty  of  line  as  well  as  convenience  of  arrangement  and 
his  buildings  display  the  hand  of  a  true  artist,  conforming  closely  to  the  canons 
of  good  taste,  and  yet,  being  always  modern  and  up-to-date  in  every  particular. 
He  is  counted  among  the  leading  representatives  of  his  profession  in  Vancouver, 
where  the  gratifying  reputation  which  he  enjoys  has  been  built  up  through 
many  years  of  earnest  work  and  important  accomplishments. 

Although  Mr.  Eveleigh  has  devoted  a  great  deal  of  time  to  his  business  he 
has  yet  never  been  neglectful  of  the  duties  of  citizenship  and  since  early  days 
in  the  city  has  taken  an  active  part  in  all  movements  to  advance  community  growth 
and  development.  He  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  library  board  and 
during  this  time,  in  1901,  wrote  personally  to  Andrew  Carnegie  and  secured  a  sub- 
scription of  fifty  thousand  dollars  for  the  building  of  the  Vancouver  Carnegie 
Public  Library.  He  carried  on  the  extensive  correspondence  necessary  during  the 
negotiations  and  all  the  checks,  issued  in  the  sum  of  ten  thousand  dollars  each, 
were  made  payable  to  him.  He  also  bought  many  of  the  books  which  formed  the 
nucleus  of  the  extensive  reference  library  now  maintained. 

In  Vancouver  Mr.  Eveleigh  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Florence  South- 
cott,  the  eldest  daughter  of  James  J.  Southcott,  of  Plymouth,  England.  Mrs. 
Eveleigh,  however,  was  born  in  London,  Ontario.  She  and  her  husband  have 
three  children,  Evelyn,  Isabel  and  Robert.  She  is  a  member  of  the  Woman's 
Canadian  Club  and  is  interested  in  the  work  of  the  Royal  Victorian  Order  of 
Nurses.  Mr.  Eveleigh  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  belongs  to 
the  Conservative  Club,  taking  an  active  interest  in  public  affairs.  He  is  connected 
fraternally  with  Mount  Hermon  Lodge,  No.  7,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  the  Royal  Arch 
Chapter,  the  Lodge  of  Perfection  and  the  Consistory.  He  was  one  of  the  reorgan- 
izers  of  the  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen  and  is  now  past  grand  master. 
He  holds  membership  in  the  Western  Club  and  the  Vancouver  Automobile  Club. 
Living  in  Vancouver  for  a  quarter  of  a  century,  he  has  become  widely  and  favor- 
ably known  in  the  city  not  only  among  business  men,  where  his  success  and  promi- 
nence command  respect,  but  among  all  classes  of  people,  who  honor  him  as 
one  of  the  greatest  individual  forces  in  municipal  growth. 


JOHN    KOSKY. 

John  Kosky,  who  follows  general  farming  and  stock-raising  in  Maple  Ridge 
district  in  the  vicinity  of  Haney,  where  he  owns  a  hundred  and  thirty-seven 
acres  of  highly  improved  land,  is  a  native  of  Finland.  His  birth  occurred  on 
the  9th  of  January,  1864,  his  parents  being  Isaac  and  Mina  Kosky.  The  mother 
is  still  living  but  the  father  has  passed  away. 

The  boyhood  and  youth  of  John  Kosky  were  passed  on  a  farm  in  his  native 
land,  where  his  attention  was  largely  devoted  to  the  acquirement  of  an  education 
until  he  was  nineteen.  His  energies  were  then  directed  along  agricultural  lines, 
and  for  three  years  thereafter  he  gave  his  undivided  attention  to  the  cultivation  of 
the  home  farm.  At  the  expiration  of  that  time  he  resolved  to  establish  a  home 
for  himself  in  America,  and  with  this  object  in  view  took  passage  for  the  United 
States.  He  remained  there  for  six  years,  during  which  time  he  was  employed 
in  mines  in  different  sections  of  the  country.  British  Columbia  seeming  to  offer 
better  opportunities,  he  next  removed  to  Wellington,  this  province,  where  he  con- 
tinued to  work  in  the  mines  for  nine  years.  Through  the  practice  of  diligence 
and  thrift  he  had  managed  to  accumulate  a  small  capital  and  this  he  invested 
in  a  hundred  and  thirty-seven  acres  of  land  in  Maple  Ridge,  and  turned  his  atten- 
tion to  agricultural  pursuits.  As  the  years  have  passed  he  has  increased  the  value 
of  his  land  by  the  careful  tilling  of  the  soil  and  the  addition  of  many  substantial 
improvements.  His  fields  have  been  brought  to  a  high  state  of  productivity  and 


912  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

now  annually  yield  abundant  harvests,  while  he  still  further  augments  his  income 
by  the  raising  of  cattle. 

In  Finland  in  the  month  of  December,  1884,  Mr.  Kosky  was  married  to  Sophia 
Harkola,  and  to  them  have  been  born  seven  children :  Mary,  Anna,  John,  Eli, 
Liala,  Edward  and  Esther. 

Unremitting  diligence  and  ceaseless  effort  directed  toward  the  achievement 
of  a  single  purpose  is  the  secret  of  the  success  which  has  come  to  Mr.  Kosky, 
who  is  enjoying  more  than  average  prosperity  in  his  undertakings.  Although 
he  is  still  leading  a  life  of  activity  and  business  enterprise,  he  has  been  relieved 
of  many  of  the  duties  and  responsibilities  in  connection  with  the  operation  of 
his  ranch  by  his  sons,  who  are  industrious  young  men  of  progressive  ideas  and 
good  business  methods. 


DAVID  STEPHENSON. 

For  more  than  thirty-two  years  David  Stephenson  has  been  a  member  of  the 
provincial  police  department  and  for  some  time  has  filled  the  position  of  its 
chief.  A  native  of  England,  his  birth  occurred  December  8,  1858.  However,  he 
was  reared  in  Missouri,  the  United  States  of  America,  until  he  was  fifteen  years 
of  age,  when  he  returned  to  England.  In  acquiring  his  education  David  Stephen- 
son  attended  the  day  school  near  his  father's  home  until  nine  years  of  age,  when 
he  began  earning  his  own  living.  Later,  realizing  the  value  of  education,  he 
entered  the  night  school  in  which  he  pursued  his  studies  until  twenty-three  years 
of  age.  In  England  in  1878,  when  nineteen  years  of  age,  he  joined  the  Metropoli- 
tan police  force,  with  which  he  served  for  a  year.  Deciding  to  come  to  British 
Columbia,  he  took  passage  for  New  York,  whence  he  crossed  the  continent  to  . 
San  Francisco.  He  proceeded  by  boat  to  Victoria  and  continued  on  to  Nanaimo, 
where  he  arrived  in  September,  1879.  He  was  not  twenty-one  years  of  age  until 
the  following  December. 

Soon  after  locating  here  Mr.  Stephenson  entered  the  employ  of  the  Vancouver 
Coal  Company,  with  which  he  remained  for  two  years.  He  then  became  the  first 
and  only  constable  on  Vancouver  island,  doing  police  work  only,  his  territory 
extending  north  from  Esquimalt,  but  he  still  continued  to  make  Nanaimo  his  home. 
He  was  subsequently  appointed  warden  of  the  provincial  gaol  and  the  next  year 
was  made  chief  of  the  police  constables  in  which  position  he  has  since  continued. 
He  has  made  a  most  excellent  record  and  has  many  times  been  commended  by 
judges  of  the  bench  for  his  thoroughness  and  efficiency.  Without  a  doubt,  his 
most  notable  work  was  in  connection  with  the  Featherstone  case,  which  was  based 
on  circumstantial  evidence.  He  gathered  all  of  the  evidence  which  was  so  closely 
connected  link  by  link  that  the  jury  only  occupied  twenty-five  minutes  in  arriving* 
at  a  decision.  The  presiding  judge  when  giving  his  charge  to  the  jury  said,  "I 
have  had  considerable  experience  before  the  bar — not  so  much  on  the  bench — 
but  in  all  my  time  I  have  never  heard  a  police  officer  give  more  intelligent,  straight- 
forward and  unbiased  evidence  than  did  Mr.  Stephenson." 

Featherstone  had  formerly  been  a  corporal  in  the  Northwestern  Mounted 
Police.  After  his  conviction  and  before  he  was  hung  he  stated  to  the  press  that 
Mr.  Stephenson  had  certainly  worked  hard  against  him,  but  in  so  doing  had  been 
fair  in  every  particular  and  he  thanked  Mr.  Stephenson  personally  for  the  just 
manner  in  which  he  had  prepared  the  case.  Mr.  Stephenson  has  worked  on  many 
of  the  most  important  cases  of  the  province,  including  the  Teregnoli  murder 
case  at  Northfield  about  1893;  the  Carey  Jones  case  at  Wellington;  the  Michael 
Watt  murder  case  at  Bain  Sound,  Union  Bay  in  1910;  and  the  case  of  the  noto- 
rious Henry  Ferguson,  alias  Henry  Wagner  alias  the  Flying  Dutchman  at  Union 
Bay,  where  Ferguson  shot  and  killed  one  of  Mr.  Stephenson's  constables  while 
committing  a  burglary  in  Fraser  &  Bishop's  store  at  Union  Bay  on  the  night  of 
March  4,  1913.  He  was  executed  on  the  28th  of  August  in  the  same  year.  Mr. 


DAVID  STEPHENSON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  915 

Stephenson  has  never  been  brought  up  for  any  complaint  from  the  public  or  any 
one  else.  In  one  case  he  gave  evidence  for  the  defense  in  a  murder  trial.  Having 
heard  false  evidence  on  the  side  of  the  prosecution,  and  knowing  it  to  be  false, 
he  deemed  it  his  duty  to  witness  for  the  defense  and  the  prisoner  was  acquitted! 
At  the  present  time  he  has  charge  of  the  coal  strike  situation  which  has  continued 
for  the  past  twelve  months. 

On  the  1 2th  of  August,  1880,  Mr.  Stephenson  was  married  to  Miss  Mary 
Randall  of  Nanaimo  and  unto  them  have  been  born  three  children:  Albert 
Thomas ;  Nora  Mary  Randall ;  and  Ethel  Mildred.  The  younger  daughter  is  the 
wife  of  John  William  Glaholm.  The  son  is  a  machinist  by  trade  but  by  choice 
has  taken  up  police  work,  following  his  father's  example.  He  is  now  stationed  at 
Cumberland  and  is  making  a  success,  displaying  marked  efficiency. 

Fraternally  Mr.  Stephenson  is  a  Mason,  having  passed  the  degrees  of  the 
blue  lodge,  of  which  he  has  six  times  been  master  and  is  now  the  incumbent  of 
this  office  in  Arrowsmith  Lodge,  No.  62,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  of  Alberni.  He  is  in 
every  way  well  adapted  to  the  duties  of  the  position  which  he  holds,  being  con- 
scientious and  faithful  in  the  performance  of  his  various  tasks,  while  his  powers 
of  organization  and  executive  ability  ably  qualify  him  to  intelligently  assign  and 
direct  the  work  of  those  under  him. 


LEONARD   TAIT. 

Leonard  Tait  needs  no  introduction  to  the  readers  of  this  volume  and  especially 
to  his  fellow  townsmen,  for  he  is  widely  known  in  Victoria  through  his  activity 
in  business  circles  and  his  prominent  connection  with  political  interests.  He  was 
born  at  Morriston,  in  the  county  of  Wellington,  Ontario,  June  26,  1853,  a  son 
of  Leonard  and  Jane  (Ord)  Tait.  He  is  a  descendant  of  the  clan  Tait  of  Scot- 
land and  his  paternal  and  maternal  ancestors  were  highlanders  and  prominent 
among  the  Scotch  soldiery. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  town  Leonard  Tait  pursued  his  early  edu- 
cation and  afterward  attended  the  normal  school  at  Ottawa,  Ontario,  for  several 
years.  He  then  took  up  the  profession  of  teaching,  which  he  followed  successfully 
for  ten  years  in  Ontario,  after  which  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and  for  fifteen 
years  was  a  successful  teacher  of  Victoria,  imparting  clearly  and  readily  the 
knowledge  that  he  had  acquired.  He  was  thus  prominently  connected  with  the 
early  educational  progress  of  the  city.  Since  1907  he  has  been  the  manager  of 
the  Victoria  Transfer  Company,  which  was  established  in  1858  and  incorporated 
in  1883.  During  the  past  six  years  he  has  carefully  guided  its  policy  and  directed 
its  interests  in  the  line  of  a  constantly  growing  business.  To  some  extent  he 
has  invested  in  Victoria  real  estate. 

'.  In  1873,  in  Elora,  Ontario,  Mr.  Tait  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Agnes 
Middleton,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Margaret  Middleton,  who  were  natives 
of  Aberdeen,  Scotland,  and  representatives  of  an  old  Scotch  family.  Mr.  and 
Mrs,  Tait  have  ten  children :  James  L.,  who  is  now  manager  of  the  Colonist, 
a  leading  newspaper  of  Victoria;  D.  S.,  a  practicing  attorney  of  Victoria; 
G.  L.,  who  is  a  detective  in  Chicago,  Illinois;  E.  L.,  a  barrister,  practicing 
as  junior  partner  of  the  firm  of  McPhillips  &  Tait;  E.  S.,  who  is  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  dentistry;  J.  F.,  a  clerk  in  the  office  of  the  city  water 
department ;  Harold,  attending  school ;  Mary  Ann,  the  wife  of  J.  S.  Cunningham ; 
Hazel  and  Amy,  at  home.  Three  of  the  sons,  James,  D.  S.  and  E.  L.,  are  married. 

Mr.  Tait  holds  membership  in  the  Presbyterian  church  and  also  belongs  to 
Vancouver  and  Quadra  Lodge  No.  2,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  which  he  is  a  past  master 
and  to  the  L.  O.  L.  He  has  also  been  very  active  in  athletic  sports,  especially  in 
baseball  and  football.  His  activity  in  the  latter  game  has  left  a  great  impress 
upon  its  development.  He  is  a  recognized  leader  in  political  circles  and  for  two 
years  was  police  commissioner  of  the  city  of  Victoria,  while  for  many  years  he 


916  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

has  been  a  justice  of  the  peace  for  the  province  of  British  Columbia.  He  has 
been  at  the  head  of  all  the  political  contests  for  many  years  and  is  regarded  as 
a  leader  of  the  conservatives  in  his  city,  his  opinions  carrying  weight  and  influence 
in  all  the  political  councils,  yet  he  is  not  a  politician  in  the  commonly  accepted 
sense  of  office- seek  ing,  his  activity  being  the  result  of  his  belief  in  party  principles 
and  his  desire  to  promote  the  general  welfare. 


HENRY  RHODES. 

Henry  Rhodes,  conducting  business  as  a  land  surveyor,  with  offices  in  Van- 
couver, his  practice,  however,  extending  over  various  portions  of  British  Col- 
umbia, was  born  at  Victoria  on  the  28th  of  February,  1888.  He  is  a  son  of  Harry 
and  Marion  (Bagnell)  Rhodes,  the  former  of  whom  was  born  on  the  Hawaiian 
Islands,  of  English  parentage.  At  the  age  of  twenty-one  years  he  made  his  way 
to  Victoria  and  from  there  went  to  the  Cariboo  district,  where  for  a  number  of 
years  he  was  engaged  in  the '  banking  business.  Subsequently  he  returned  to 
British  Columbia,  settling  in  Vancouver,  where  he  engaged  in  the  brokerage  busi- 
ness until  several  years  ago,  when  he  retired  from  active  business  life.  He  still 
makes  his  home  in  this  city,  enjoying  the  fruits  of  his  former  toil. 

Henry  Rhodes  was  educated  in  Trinity  College  school  at  Port  Hope,  Ontario, 
and  in  1905  was  articled  to  William  A.  Bauer,  a  British  Columbia  land  surveyor 
of  Vancouver.  In  October,  1909,  he  passed  the  required  examinations  and  was 
granted  his  official  land  surveyor  papers.  He  then  associated  himself  with  Mr. 
Bauer  in  the  practice  of  his  profession,  the  connection  being  maintained  until 
1911,  when  Mr.  Rhodes  purchased  Mr.  Bauer's  interest  and  has  continued  in 
that  line  to  the  present  time,  following  his  profession  under  the  name  of  Henry 
Rhodes,  British  Columbia  land  surveyor.  He  has  done  much  important  work  in 
the  province,  being  called  to  various  sections  for  professional  service,  and  his 
ability  is  widely  acknowledged  by  all  who  know  of  his  career. 

Mr.  Rhodes  belongs  to  the  Corporation  of  British  Columbia  Land  Surveyors, 
which  is  a  technical  society.  He  is  very  fond  of  athletics  and  outdoor  sports 
and  to  this  end  he  has  membership  in  the  Vancouver  Lawn  Tennis  Club,  the 
Burrard  Cricket  Club,  the  Vancouver  Hockey  Club,  the  British  Columbia  Golf 
and  Country  Club,  and  the  Vancouver  Athletic  Club.  He  holds  to  high  profes- 
sional standards  and  is  continually  promoting  his  efficiency  by  further  study  as 
well  as  experience. 


HON.  HENRY  ESSON  YOUNG,  B.  A.,  M.  D.,  C.  M.,  LL.  D. 

The  specific  and  distinctive  office  of  biography  is  not  to  give  voice  to  a  man's 
modest  estimate  of  himself  and  his  accomplishments,  but  rather  to  leave  the 
perpetual  record  establishing  his  character  by  the  consensus  of  opinion  on  the 
part  of  his  fellowmen.  Throughout  British  Columbia,  Hon.  Henry  Esson  Young 
is  spoken  of  in  terms  of  admiration  and  respect.  His  life  has  been  so  varied  in 
its  activity,  so  honorable  in  its  purposes,  so  far-reaching  and  beneficial  in  its 
effects,  that  it  has  become  an  integral  part  of  the  history  of  the  province.  He  has 
immeasurable  influence  upon  the  public  life  and  thought  and  his  activity  has 
been  of  direct  and  far-reaching  benefit  throughout  the  province,  where  he  is 
now  serving  as  provincial  secretary  and  minister  of  education.  He  was  born 
at  English  River,  Quebec,  February  24,  1867,  a  son  of  the  Rev.  Alexander  and 
Ellen  (McBain)  Young,  the  former  a  Presbyterian  minister,  and  a  native  of  Ross- 
shire,  Scotland,  and  the  latter  of  La  Guerre,  Quebec.  The  paternal  grandparents 
were  also  natives  of  Scotland  and  were  landowners  there,  while  the  great  grand- 
parents on  the  maternal  side  were  natives  of  Dundee,  Scotland.  They  came 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  917 

to  Canada  in  1810,  and  settled  in  Dundee,  Quebec.  Both  the  grandfather  and 
grandmother  of  Henry  Esson  Young  of  the  distaff  side  were  natives  of  La  Guerre, 
Quebec,  and  were  land  owners  of  that  locality.  His  great  grandfather  was  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  Alexander  Davidson,  who  served  through  the  Salisbury  campaign 
of  1814.  Rev.  Alexander  Young  came  to  Canada  in  1858,  settling  in  Quebec 
and  subsequently  went  to  Ontario,  where  he  pursued  a  course  of  study  in  the 
University  of  Toronto  and  in  Knox  college: 

Hon.  Henry  Esson  Young,  in  the  acquirement  of  his  education,  attended 
successively  Queen's  University,  from  which  he  was  graduated  B.  A.,  in  1883; 
McGill  University,  where  he  was  graduated  with  honors  in  1888,  winning  his 
M.  D.,  C.  M.  degrees,  while  in  1911  McGill  conferred  upon  him  the  honorary 
degree  of  LL.  D.  He  also  received  the  honorary  degree  of  LL.  D.  from  Toronto 
University  in  1907.  He  took  post-graduate  work  in  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, followed  by  eighteen  months  post-graduate  work  in  England. 

Dr.  Young  located  for  practice  in  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  but  in  1901  removed 
to  Atlin,  British  Columbia,  and  throughout  the  succeeding  years  has  figured  prom- 
inently in  professional  and  public  circles  in  this  province.  He  was  elected  to  the 
provincial  legislature  for  Atlin  at  the  general  election  of  1903  and  was  reelected 
at  the  general  elections  of  1907,  1909  and  1912.  He  was  sworn  into  the  council 
as  provincial  secretary  and  minister  of  education,  February  27,  1907,  and  was 
reelected  by  acclamation  at  the  bye  election  in  March,  1907,  and  reelected  at  the 
general  election  in  1909.  As  minister  of  education,  he  secured  the  extension 
of  education  under  popular  control  throughout  the  province  and  introduced  free 
text-books  for  school  children.  In  fact  he  brought  about  the  complete  reorgani- 
zation of  the  educational  system  and  was  instrumental  in  securing  the  establish- 
ment and  endowment  of  the  university,  the  establishment  of  the  normal  school 
in  Victoria  and  of  night  schools  throughout  the  province.  He  favored  and  labored 
for  the  establishment  of  the  Royal  Institution  of  Learning  of  Vancouver  and  the 
establishment  of  physicial  and  military  training  and  of  domestic  science  in  the 
public  schools  and  also  of  manual  training  departments.  Many  forward  steps 
along  this  line  were  introduced  by  him  and  his  efforts  have  resulted  in  marked 
improvement  in  the  school  system  of  the  province. 

Far-reaching  and  beneficial  as  has  been  his  labor  as  minister  of  education,  he 
has  done  equally  important  work  as  provincial  secretary  and  at  the  head  of  the 
department,  brought  about  the  complete  reorganization  of  the  Civil  Service. 
Under  his  guidance  the  provision  for  hospitals  and  charities  was  increased  from 
one  hundred  thousand  to  four  hundred  and  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  and  the 
most,  complete  and  modern  hospital  for  mental  diseases  in  the  world  has  been 
erected  at  Coquitlam.  He  has  brought  about  the  reorganization  of  the  public 
health  department  and  liberal  assistance  has  been  given  for  the  prevention  of 
tuberculosis,  together  with  generous  aid  for  physicians  and  for  hospitals  in  remote 
parts  of  the  province.  Other  features  of  his  administration  are  inspection  and 
sanitation  of  logging,  mining,  lumber  and  railway  camps,  and  health  inspection 
of  the  public  schools  of  the  province.  In  his  official  capacity,  Dr.  Young  is  not 
only  provincial  secretary  and  minister  of  education,  but  his  duties  also  make  him 
the  head  of  the  provincial  board  of  health,  the  printing  bureaus,  asylums,  hospi- 
tals, museums,  archives,  Provincial  Home  at  Kamloops,  refuge  homes  and  chari- 
ties, and  the  registration  of  births,  deaths  and  marriages.  In  all  of  his  official 
service  he  has  been  actuated  by  a  public  spirit  beyond  question  and  many  tangible 
evidences  of  his  capability  and  reliability  may  be  mentioned.  His  political  alle- 
giance has  always  been  given  to  the  conservative  party  and  he  has  long  been 
accounted  one  of  its  leaders  in  the  province. 

On  the  1 5th  of  March,  1904,  Dr.  Young  was  married  to  Rosalind  Watson, 
M.  A.,  graduate  of  McGill  University  and  a  daughter  of  the  Rev.  James  Watson 
M.  A.,  D.  D.,  a  Presbyterian  minister  and  his  wife,  Mrs.  Margaret  F.  Watson, 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Adam  Lind  of.  Aberdeen,  Scotland.  Mrs.  Young  was  born 
in  Huntingdon,  Quebec,  April  19,  1874,  and  after  attending  Huntingdon  Academy, 
entered  McGill  University,  which  in  1895  conferred  upon  her  the  Bachelor  of 


918  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Arts  degree.  She  also  won  the  gold  medal  in  natural  science  and  in  1901  received 
the  M.  A.  degree.  She  was  a  member  of  the  teaching  profession  before  her 
marriage,  winning  the  academic  diploma,  first  class  in  Quebec  and  the  first  class 
in  British  Columbia.  She  was  for  seven  years  a  member  of  the  staff  of  the  Vic- 
toria high  school  and  college  and  was  elected  an  associate  member  of  the  Institute 
of  Mining  Engineers  in  1903,  being  the  only  lady  member.  In  1907  she  became 
a  member  de  ia  Societe  Geographic  de  France.  In  1909  she  was  made  a  member 
of  the  Canadian  Mining  Institute.  She  was  a  compiler  of  a  geography  of  British 
Columbia  and  has  written  numerous  articles  on  mining  in  this  province.  She 
is  the  president  of  the  University  Woman's  Club  of  Victoria  and  is  a  member  of 
the  Alexandra  Club  of  Victoria.  A  lady  of  charming  personality,  she  occupies 
a  position  of  distinction  in  literary  and  social  circles. 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Young  hold  membership  in  the  Presbyterian  church  and  in  club 
circles  he  is  known  as  a  popular  and  prominent  member  of  the  Union  Club  of 
Victoria,  the  Pacific  Club,  The  Victoria  Golf  Club,  the  Royal  Victoria  Yacht 
Club,  the  University  Club  of  Vancouver  and  the  Arctic  Club  of  Seattle,  Wash- 
ington. He  is  a  man  of  conspicuous  talent,  energy  and  unfailing  courtesy,  but 
of  great  firmness  and  strength  of  character.  He  is  recognized  as  a  good  debater 
and  his  utterances  ring  with  fact  and  logic.  In  manner  he  is  affable  and  of  dis- 
tinguished appearance,  a  credit  to  any  social  or  scientific  gathering  and  he  is 
eminent  as  a  man  whose  grasp  of  vital  public  questions  enables  him  to  speak  with 
authority  upon  important  issues. 


DAVID  JAMES  THOMAS. 

David  James  Thomas,  of  Ladysmith,  in  charge  of  the  estate  of  James  Beck, 
has  been  a  resident  of  British  Columbia  for  nearly  twenty-six  years,  during  the 
greater  portion  of  which  time  he  has  been  identified  with  agricultural  interests. 
However,  he  has  also  been  officially  recognized  and  was  in  1898  appointed  one 
of  Her  Majesty's  justices  of  the  peace  for  the  province  of  British  Columbia  and 
at  present  still  serves  in  that  capacity,  discharging  the  duties  of  his  office  with 
fairness  and  impartiality.  He  is  a  native  of  South  Wales  and  was  born  in  Car- 
marthenshire on  the  ist  of  January,  1854,  a  son  of  James  and.  Mary  (Rogers) 
Thomas,  both  of  whom  are  d'eceased.  The  mother  was  a  niece  of  the  Rev.  Christ- 
mas Evans,  in  his  time  a  noted  revivalist  in  Wales. 

David  James  Thomas  was  reared  in  his  native  land  and  educated  in  schools 
which  were  conducted  under  the  auspices  of  the  Church  of  England  at  Glyneath, 
South  Wales,  which  he  attended  until  he  was  ten  years  of  age.  At  that  tender 
age  he  found  employment  in  the  mines  of  that  vicinity  remaining  until  he  had 
attained  maturity,  when  he  was  appointed  to  the  position  of  signalman  on  the 
Taffvale  Railroad.  His  services  in  this  connection  covered  a  period  of  fifteen 
years,  at  the  expiration  of  which  time  together  with  his  wife  and  six  children  he 
tookj>assage  for  America.  They  left  their  native  land  in  April,  1888,  with  Brit- 
ish Columbia  as  their  destination,  arriving  here  not  long  after  the  completion  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad.  Mr.  Thomas  had  hoped  to  obtain  a  position  as 
signalman,  but  as  there  was  no  opening  of  that  kind  he  took  up  a  farm  of  forty 
acres  of  undeveloped  land,  which  he  cleared  for  cultivation  and  he  also  worked 
in  the  coal  mines.  At  the  end  of  two  years  the  Vancouver  Coal  Company  opened 
shaft  number  five,  of  which  he  had  charge  until  it  was  exhausted.  Subsequently 
he  purchased  a  ranch  of  a  hundred  and  twelve  acres  at  Oyster  Harbor,  devoting 
his  whole  attention  to  its  cultivation  and  improvement  until  1903,  when  he 
assumed  the  management  of  the  estate  of  James  Beck  at  South  Wellington.  His 
own  farm  is  rented  out  to  good  advantage. 

At  Neath,  South  Wales,  on  Christmas  day,  1877,  Mr.  Thomas  was  united  IK 
marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Ann  Morris,  and  to  them  were  born  eleven  children: 
Margaret,  Tames  and  John,  at  home ;  Mary,  the  wife  of  Walter  Jones,  of  Lady- 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  921 

smith;  David  William,  who  married  Miss  Agnes  Higgins,  of  Comox;  Gomer 
Rogers,  who  married  Miss  Eliza  Mickie,  of  Ladysmith;  Levi;  Joseph  Alfred, 
Albert  Isaac  and  Annie,  at  home;  and  Ernest,  who  died  from  injuries  received 
in  an  accident,  March  26,  1913. 

In  matters  of  citizenship  Mr.  Thomas  is  public-spirited  and  takes  an  active 
interest  in  public  affairs,  giving  his  support  to  the  liberal  party.  He  has  served 
for  fifteen  years  as  justice  of  the  peace,  having  been  appointed  in  1898  during 
the  reign  of  Her  late  Majesty  Queen  Victoria.  Parties  coming  before  him  and 
his  court  have  ever  found  him  just  and  his  decisions  have  ever  been  fairly  based 
upon  the  law,  although  Mr.  Thomas  often  shows  a  lenient  attitude  toward  the 
first  offenders  and  mingles  the  justice  which  he  dispenses  with  a  kindness  of  heart 
that  has  wrought  a  beneficial  influence  upon  many  who  have  come  before  him. 
Mr.  Thomas  has  great  confidence  in  the  efficacy  of  many  of  the  old  fashioned 
herbs  in  curing  human  ailments^  and  has  been  very  successful  in  using  them  for 
this  purpose.  He  is  highly  respected  by  his  neighbors  and  fellow  townsmen, 
who  know  him  to  be  a  man  of  integrity  and  high  principles,  and  one  who  has 
worked  diligently  in  the  acquirement  of  such  success  as  has  come  to  him. 


FREDERICK  JOHN  FULTON. 

Frederick  John  Futon,  holding  a  position  of  distinctive  precedence  as  a  lead- 
ing barrister  in  Kamloops,  was  born  at  Northumberland,  England,  December 
8,  1862,  and  is  a  son  of  Alexander  and  Barbara  (Gibson)  Fulton.  He  acquired 
his  early  education  in  the  Haversham  grammar  school  and  was  graduated  from 
Cambridge  University  in  1883.  Leaving  school,  he  studied  law  and  was  articled 
as  a  solicitor.  After  taking  a  thorough  course  in  the  legal  profession  he  crossed 
the  Atlantic  in  August  1887,  to  begin  his  independent  career  in  the  new  world. 
He  settled  in  Hamilton,  Ontario,  and  there  spent  two  years  with  the  law  firm  of 
T.  Haslett  before  coming  to  British  Columbia  in  August,  1889.  In  the  same  year 
he  settled  in  Kamloops  and  he  has  here  continued  to  practice  his  chosen  pro- 
fession up  to  the  present  time. 

Since  making  his  residence  here  Mr.  Fulton  has  taken  a  very  prominent  and 
influential  part  in  public  affairs.  From  1891  to  1900  he  was  official  administrator 
and  judge  of  court  of  revision  for  the  Yale  district  and  in  the  latter  year  suc- 
cessfully contested  the  North  Riding  district  of  Yale  and  was  returned  to  the 
provincial  parliament  by  a  large  majority.  In  1901  he  was  appointed  Queen's 
counsel.  He  was  made  president  of  the  council  without  portfolio  in  November, 
1903,  and  in  May  of  the  following  year  was  made  provincial  secretary  and  minis- 
ter of  education.  He  has  also  served  as  attorney  general  and  chief  commissioner 
of  lands  and  works.  In  these  high  positions  he  has  proven  himself  equal  to  the 
demands  made  upon  his  executive  force,  his  broad  knowledge,  his  liberality  of 
view,  his  talent  in  statecraft  and  has  won  added  distinction  in  the  field  of  public 
life.  He  is  a  man  who  has  faithfully  discharged  every  duty  imposed  upon  him, 
has  met  fully  the  obligations  and  responsibilities  of  life  and  has  won  for  himself 
an  enviable  position  in  professional,  social  and  political  circles. 


FREDERICK  HENRY  DEPPE. 

Frederick  Henry  Deppe,  proprietor  of  the  real-estate  business  conducted  under 
the  name  of  F.  H.  Deppe  Realty  Company,  Ltd.,  and  well  known  in  Victoria  as 
a  man  of  sound  business  judgment,  energy  and  enterprise,  was  born  in  Hanover, 
Germany,  January  22,  1855.  He  is  a  son  of  Charles  and  Amelia  (Stein)  Deppe, 
both  natives  of  Hanover,  where  the  father  engaged  in  the  hotel  business  up  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  when  he  was  sixty-four  years  of 


922  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

age.  The  paternal  grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this  review  was  a  native  of 
Hanover  and  served  as  an  officer  in  the  English  army.  His  wife  was  also  born 
in  Germany,  as  were  the  maternal  grandparents  of  Frederick  H.  Deppe.  The 
grandfather  was  an  extensive  landowner  in  his  native  country  and  engaged  in 
the  timber  .business  there  for  many  years. 

Frederick  H.  Deppe  is  the  second  in  a  family  of  six  children.  He  acquired 
his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Hanover  and  in  high  school  at  Holzminden, 
Germany,  an  institution  which  he  left  at  the  age  of  eighteen  in  order  to  begin 
his  business  career.  He  entered  a  general  merchandise  store  in  Hanover  and 
remained  there  for  three  years,  after  which,  in  1879,  he  left  Germany  and,  emi- 
grating to  the  United  States,  engaged  in  the  hotel  business  in  New  York  city 
until  1896.  In  that  year  he  disposed  of  his  interests  and  joined  the  gold  rush  to 
Alaska,  arriving  in  Dawson  in  1897.  There  for  one  year  he  engaged  in  prospect- 
ing and  mining  with  indifferent  success  and  finally  returned  to  Spokane,  where  he 
became  connected  with  the  hotel  business.  At  the  end  of  eight  months,  however, 
he  went  to  San  Francisco,  where  he  engaged  in  that  occupation,  continuing  in  it 
for  two  years.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  came  to  Victoria  where  until  1907  he 
was  connected  with  the  management  of  the  Driard  Hotel.  During  the  latter 
part  of  this  period  he  acquired  eighty  square  miles  of  timber  land  at  San  Juan 
Harbor  and  in  1907  disposed  of  a  considerable  portion  of  his  holdings,  abandon- 
ing the  remainder  on  account  of  the  panic  of  that  year.  He  spent  the  year  1908 
in  travel  and  in  1909  returned  to  Victoria,  building  a  summer  home  on  Vashon 
island,  where  he  lived  a  retired  life  for  about  two  and  a  half  years.  Upon 
resuming  his  activities  he  formed  a  partnership  with  Frederick  M.  Goode  under 
the  firm  name  of  Deppe,  Goode  &  Company,  Ltd.,  and  they  controlled  a  large 
real-estate  business,  first  on  Government  street  and  later  in  the  Central  building. 
This  partnership  was  dissolved  in  October,  1912  and  Mr.  Deppe  then  became 
head  of  the  business  which  he  now  operates  and  which  is  known  as  the  F.  H. 
Deppe  Realty  Company,  Ltd.  The  offices  of  the  concern  are  located  on  Douglas 
street,  in  the  Balmoral  block,  and  the  company  carries  on  a  general  real-estate 
business,  specializing  in  timber  properties  on  Vancouver  island,  its  upbuilding 
and  development  being  due  entirely  to  Mr.  Deppe's  energy  and  enterprise  and  his 
practical  and  conservative  methods  in  its  management. 

On  the  2d  of  September,  1892,  in  New  York  city,  Mr.  Deppe  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Florence  Evaline  Hillman,  a  daughter  of  Louis  and  Marie 
Hillman,  natives  of  Quebec.  The  father  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  up  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1906,  when  he  was  seventy-eight  years 
of  age.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Deppe  became  the  parents  of  a  son,  Albert  Frederick 
Henry,  who  was  born  in  1894  and  whose  death  occurred  when  he  was  three 
weeks  old. 

Mr.  Deppe  is  vice  president  of  the  Victoria  Development  Company  and  is  a 
member  of  the  Progressive  Club  of  his  city.  He  is  a  life  member  of  the  Benevo- 
lent Protective  Order  of  Elks,  belonging  to  Port  Angeles  Lodge,  No.  353.  He 
cooperates  heartily  in  all  movements  for  the  material,  intellectual  or  moral  prog- 
ress of  the  community  and  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  foremost  business  men 
of  Victoria,  his  extensive  and  well  managed  interests  placing  him  in  a  prominent 
position  in  business  circles. 


ANTHONY  SPRICE. 


Romance  and  achievement  strongly  intermingle  in  the  life  record  of  Anthony 
Sprice,  whose  travels  have  led  him  to  many  parts  of  the  world,  where  he  has 
studied  conditions  and  garnered  experiences  which  now  stand  him  in  good 
stead.  He  is  well  known  in  Queensborough,  where  he  is  now  serving  as  post- 
master, while  he  also  engages  in  the  real-estate  brokerage  business  and  as  general 


ANTHONY  SPRICE 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  925 

merchant  in  that  district  which  is  inclosed  within  the  city  limits  of  New  West- 
minster. He  is  located  on  the  easternmost  portion  of  Lulu  island. 

Born  in  Dalmatia,  southern  Austria,  January  5,  1872,  he  is  a  son  of  Anthony 
and  Ivana  (Ivanowitch)  Sprice,  both  natives  of  South  Dalmatia,  a  nation  dis- 
tinguished as  the  only  one  on  the  European  continent  without  compulsory  mili- 
tary service.  Mr.  Sprice  was  reared  at  home  and  in  his  thirteenth  year  entered 
upon  seafaring  life,  a  connection  which  he  continued  for  twenty-one  years.  For 
eleven  years  of  that  period  he  was  a  sailor  on  British  bottoms  and  although  he 
was  given  a  master's  license  he  never  commanded  a  vessel.  However,  he  was 
serving  as  first  mate  of  the  steamer  Scotia  at  the  time  of  his  retirement,  which 
was  caused  by  a  fall  in  which  he  injured  his  spine.  This  accident  forced  him 
to  abandon  that  vocation.  He  then  served  for  nine  years  in  the  naval  service 
as  artillery  engineer  and  for  about  three  years  of  that  time  was  navigating  officer. 
He  also  was  one  of  the  crew  on  a  scientific  and  geological  expedition  to  Gibraltar 
and  North  Africa  and  also  to  South  America,  where  they  visited  eight  stations, 
and  western  Africa,  where  eight  stations  were  visited.  For  a  number  of  years 
following  his  injury  Mr.  Sprice  made  his  home  in  London,  where  he  spent 
some  time  in  newspaper  work  and  also  was  foreign  correspondent.  He  speaks 
and  writes  five  different  languages.  Subsequently  he  learned  ornamental  draw- 
ing, which  stood  him  in  good  stead  on  coming  to  this  country,  bringing  it  into 
play  in  his  real-estate  office.  In  February,  1907,  Mr.  Sprice  came  to  British 
Columbia,  locating  in  Vancouver,  where  he  was  variously  engaged  until  coming 
to  New  Westminster.  He  established  a  mushroom  farm  on  Lulu  island,  which 
became  one  of  the  big  industries  of  British  Columbia,  but  this  he  had  to  dis- 
continue on  account  of  lack  of  funds.  In  April,  1911,  he  established  himself  in 
the  general  merchandising  and  real-estate  business  in  Queensborough  and  at 
the  same  time  was  made  postmaster. 

In  1905  Mr.  Sprice  married  Miss  Mary  Gelbfuss,  of  Hanover,  Germany, 
who  came  to  British  Columbia  on  the  same  vessel  as  did  her  husband.  Mr. 
Sprice  is  highly  esteemed  in  New  Westminster,  being  always  ready  to  support 
any  worthy  enterprise.  He  is  one  of  the  well  informed  men  of  this  city,  taking 
an  active  interest  in  all  that  pertains  to  the  welfare  of  its  people,  and  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Progressive  Association  and  the  Business  Men's  Association  of  New 
Westminster.  He  also  is  secretary  of  the  Queensborough  Rate  Payers  Asso- 
ciation. Fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose.  After  an 
eventful  career  Mr.  Sprice  has  found  in  this  great  western  land  a  home  and 
the  opportunity  for  success  and  he  has  become  one  of  the  valued  residents  of 
his  adopted  city. 


JOHN  FERNANDO  WINELAND. 

John  Fernando  Wineland,  prominently  connected  with  business  interests  of 
Vancouver  as  founder  and  former  president  of  the  J.  F.  Wineland  Building  & 
Engineering  Company,  Ltd.,  was  born  at  Lafayette,  Indiana,  November  7,  1874, 
and  is  a  son  of  David  and  Eliza  Wineland,  representatives  of  well  known  Ohio 
families.  Mr.  Wineland  of  this  review  acquired  his  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  city,  and  after  he  laid  aside  his  books  went  to  Pittsburg, 
Pennsylvania,  where  he  started  in  the  general  contracting  business  as  a  partner 
with  John  H.  Jones  under  the  firm  name  of  the  Wineland  Construction  Company. 
Mr.  Jones  is  president  of  the  Pittsburg-Buffalo  Coal  Company  and  is  a  man 
of  vast  wealth.  The  Wineland  Construction  Company  remained  in  existence  in 
Pittsburg  for  eight  years  and  at  the  end  of  that  time  Mr.  Wineland  moved  to 
Portland,  Oregon,  where  he  organized  the  J.  F.  Wineland  Building  &  Engineer- 
ing Company,  Ltd.  In  1912  he  transferred  his  interests  to  Vancouver  and  here  his 
concern  is  one  of  the  important  business  enterprises  of  the  city.  Mr.  Wineland 
has  already  several  large  business  blocks  under  construction  and  his  patronage  is 


Vol.  Ill— 32 


926  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

continually  increasing  as  the  excellent  quality  of  his  work  and  his  upright  and 
honorable  business  methods  become  more  widely  known. 

At  South  Bend,  Indiana,  on  the  ist  of  June,  1897,  Mr.  Wineland  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Eva  Bright,  of  Niles,  Michigan.  Mr.  Wineland  served  as 
a  member  of  Company  F.,  Third  Regular  State  Militia,  in  Indiana,  Colonel 
Studebaker  commanding  his  regiment.  He  belongs  to  a  Chicago  lodge  of  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  but  beyond  this  has  no  fraternal  or  club 
relations.  Although  he  has  been  in  Vancouver  only  one  year,  his  enterprise  has 
already  been  recognized  as  an  important  business  factor  here,  and  his  integrity, 
reliability  and  honorable  methods  insure  his  rapid  advancement. 


WILLIAM  GREEN. 

Perhaps  no  one  is  better  known  throughout  Agassiz  and  the  surrounding 
district  as  a  successful  and  prosperous  agriculturist  than  William  Green,  who 
operates  a  farm  of  forty  acres,  a  model  property  which  he  developed  from  a  tract 
of  raw  land.  Mr.  Green  has  always  been  identified  with  general  farming,  having 
followed  this  occupation  in  Manitoba  for  thirteen  years  before  coming  to  British 
Columbia.  His  location  in  this  province  was  made  in  1895,  in  which  year  he 
purchased  his  present  place  of  forty  acres.  It  was  at  that  time  undeveloped  and 
covered  with  brush  and  timber  which  Mr.  Green  cleared,  cutting  the  trees  by 
hand  and  grubbing  up  the  stumps,  the  modern  method  of  using  explosives  not 
having  then  been  discovered.  He  built  a  home  upon  his  property  and  the  neces- 
sary barns  and  outbuildings  and  set  himself  with  characteristic  energy  to  the  work 
of  improvement,  making  his  fields  more  highly  productive  every  year.  The 
property  is  now  a  model  farm,  fully  improved  and  equipped  with  all  the  neces- 
sary conveniences  and  accessories,  Mr.  Green  taking  a  high  place  among  the 
successful  agriculturists  of  his  community. 

On  the  i6th  of  March,  1891,  Mr.  Green  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Melinda  Reddaway,  of  Manitoba,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  four 
children,  Arthur  William,  George  John,  Eva  Lillian  and  Harold  Clayton.  Mr. 
Green  gives  his  allegiance  to  the  liberal  party  and  is  at  present  secretary  of  the 
school  board.  For  the  past  twelve  years  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  town 
council,  acting  as  commissioner  of  the  ditching  system,  in  which  office  he  has 
done  able  and  remarkably  effective  work.  No  measure  for  the  general  good 
seeks  his  aid  in  vain  and  his  labors  have  been  a  cooperant  factor  in  many  move- 
ments of  value  to  the  community — a  force  in  its  past  development  and  an  active 
element  in  its  present  wealth  and  greatness. 


CHARLES  E.  LONDON. 

One  of  the  many  beautiful  farms  in  the  vicinity  of  Steveston  is  that  of  Charles 
E.  London,  which  is  situated  on  the  Dyke  road.  For  more  than  thirty  years  he 
has  been  industriously  engaged  in  the  development  of  this  property,  having  trans- 
formed it  from  practically  a  wild  state  into  one  of  the  most  attractive  and  valua- 
ble holdings  in  the  vicinity.  He  is  a  native  of  Ontario,  having  been  born  in  Brant 
county  on  the  3d  of  February,  1861,  his  parents  being  John  and  Nancy  (Ayres) 
London. 

Charles  E.  London  was  reared  at  home  in  very  much  the  same  manner  as  other 
farmer  lads  of  that  vicinity,  obtaining  his  education  in  the  common  schools.  After 
laying  aside  his  text-books,  he  assisted  his  father  in  the  cultivation  of  the  home 
place  until  he  was  a  youth  of  seventeen  years.  He  then  left  the  parental  roof 
and  started  out  to  make  his  own  way  in  the  world,  and  believing  in  the  greater 
opportunities  of  the  west,  decided  to  come  to  British  Columbia.  Desiring  to  see 


CHARLES  E.  LONDON 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  929 

as  much  of  the  country  as  possible  he  made  the  journey  by  way  of  California, 
in  which  state  he  remained  for  a  year,  following  various  vocations.  In  1880,  he 
came  to  Chilliwack,  whence  he  removed  the  same  year  to  Lulu  island.  Mr.  Lon- 
don's arrival  here  preceded  the  great  influx  of  settlers,  which  followed  a  few 
years  later,  as  it  was  prior  to  the  building  of  the  transcontinental  railroads,  and 
naturally  the  country  was  largely  unexplored  and  was  little  more  than  a  wilder- 
ness. There  were  only,  three  or  four  families  on  the  island,  and  although  very 
little  had  been  done  in  the  way  of  improvement  and  the  probabilities  were  that 
it  would  be  many  years  before  the  comforts  of  civilization  reached  them,  he  liked 
the  country  and  decided  to  cast  his  lot  with  the  pioneers.  He  acquired  two 
hundred  acres  of  land,  and  after  placing  thereon  a  few  crude  improvements,  began 
preparing  his  soil  for  cultivation.  For  years  the  results  of  his  toil  were  hardly 
noticeable  and  his  efforts  were  poorly  rewarded.  Despite  these  obstacles  and 
discouragements,  however,  he  persistently  pursued  his  course  until  he  ultimately 
won  success.  Today  he  takes  much  pride  in  his  beautiful  homestead,  without 
doubt  rinding  his  greatest  satisfaction  in  the  fact  that  it  has  been  won  through 
his  individual  effort.  An  attractive  residence,  large  modern  barns  and  substantial 
outbuildings  no  less  than  the  well  tilled  fields  are  evidence  of  the  capable  man- 
agement and  efficient  supervision  which  have  characterized  the  undertakings  of 
Mr.  London.  The  land  at  the  time  it  came  into  his  possession  was  valued  at 
ten  dollars  per  acre,  but  today  it  would  bring  fifteen  hundred,  being  considered 
one  of  the  best  holdings  on  the  island.  He  has  endured  many  hardships  and  pri- 
vations, but  time  has  mellowed  his  memory  of  these  struggles,  while  his  ultimate 
victory  and  prosperity  brought  him  a  satisfaction  which  fully  compensates  for  his 
early  efforts  and  made  them  well  worth  while. 

For  his  wife  and  helpmate  Mr.  London  chose  Miss  Henrietta  Dalzell,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Joseph  and  Greerson  Dalzell,  and  to  them  have  been  born  five  children : 
Edwin,  a  resident  of  Winnipeg,  who  married  Miss  Winnie  McCullogh;  Louis 
Alexander,  a  youth  of  seventeen,  who  is  assisting  his  father  with  the  farm ;  Lucy 
May,  who  has  passed  the  thirteenth  anniversary  of  her  birth ;  May  Margaret, 
who  is  eleven  years  of  age ;  and  Florence  Henrietta,  who  is  anticipating  her  ninth 
birthday.  The  three  last  named  are  all  living  at  home  and  attending  school.  Mr. 
London  is  highly  regarded  in  Steveston  and  has  many  friends  among  his  neigh- 
bors and  fellow  townsmen,  who  through  the  long  period  of  his  residence  have  had 
ample  opportunity  to  fully  test  the  worth  of  his  character  and  have  found  him  to 
be  a  man  of  estimable  qualities. 


JOHN  PRYCE  MORRIS. 

John  Pryce  Morris  is  well  known  in  business  circles  of  Victoria  as  a  far- 
sighted,  resourceful  and  energetic  man  and  has  been  carried  forward  by  the  force 
of  his  ability  and  personality  into  important  relations  with  business  life,  con- 
trolling today  extensive  interests  as  a  member  of  the  Morris  &  Edwards  Building 
&  Investment  Company.  He  was  born  in  Liverpool,  England,  June  10,  1877,  an5 
is  a  son  of  John  and  Annie  Morris,  the  former  at  present  high  sheriff  of  Mer- 
ionethshire, Wales.  He  was  for  twenty-five  years  connected  with  the  building 
business  in  Liverpool,  operating  under  the  style  of  John  Morris  &  Company, 
and  he  still  owns  several  hundred  houses  in  that  city,  although  he  has  retired 
from  active  business  life.  He  has  always  taken  an  active  part  in  public  affairs 
and  in  addition  to  the  office  which  he  now  holds  was  for  eleven  years  alderman 
of  the  city  of  Liverpool. 

John  P.  Morris  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  city  and  afterward  attended  Liverpool  Institute.  He  supplemented  this 
by  a  course  in  Liverpool  College, '  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1892,  and 
after  laying  aside  his  books  he  engaged  in  the  building  business  with  his  father 
under  the  firm  name  of  John  •Morris  &  Company.  After  about  nine  years  Mr. 


930  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

Morris  of  this  review  severed  his  connection  with  this  concern  and  came  to 
British  Columbia,  arriving  in  Vancouver  in  1901.  Here  he  resumed  his  former 
occupation,  starting  in  the  building  business  under  the  name  of  J.  Pryce  Morris 
&  Company  and  remaining  there  until  1909,  when  he  came  to  Victoria.  Under 
his  former  title  he  was  in  business  here  alone  for  about  one  year  and  then, 
in  the  spring  of  1911,  entered  into  partnership  with  I.  C.  Edwards,  a  local  archi- 
tect, and  the  Morris  &  Edwards  Building  &  Investment  Company  was  formed- 
They  build  homes  by  contract  or  upon  the  easy  payment  plan  and  have  already 
secured  a  large  and  representative  patronage,  connecting  them  with  a  number  of 
important  building  operations.  Mr.  Morris  has  been  a  helpful  factor  in  the 
growth  of  the  concern,  because  he  understands  the  building  business  in  principle 
and  detail,  having  had  long  experience  in  it,  and  because  he  possesses  the  energy, 
determination  and  enterprise  necessary  for  success  in  any  business  field. 

On  July  4,  1910,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Morris  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Aurelia  Bcothe,  a  daughter  of  James  Boothe,  a  pioneer  in  Manitoba,  who  broke 
the  first  trails  from  Ontario  to  Winnipeg.  He  was  at  that  time  eighteen  years  of 
age  and  is  now  seventy-five,  making  his  home  in  Vancouver.  Mr.  Morris  is  a 
member  of  the  Masonic  lodge  and  president  of  the  Welsh  Society  of  Victoria. 
He  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  is  a  devout  mem- 
ber of  the  Methodist  church.  He  always  keeps  well  informed  on  questions  and 
issues  of  the  day  and  in  matters  relating  to  public  affairs  takes  a  progressive 
stand,  manifest  in  cooperation  in  many  movements  for  the  public  good.  In 
business  circles  his  ability  is  recognized  and  respected  and  he  holds  the  confidence 
and  regard  of  his  associates  by  reason  of  his  fair  and  honorable  methods  of 
dealing. 


THOMAS   REGINALD  ROBERTSON. 

Thomas  Reginald  Robertson,  filling  the  position  of  city  solicitor  with  offices 
in  the  city  hall,  of  Victoria,  is  thoroughly  well  qualified  for  the  responsibilities 
of  his  position,  having  carefully  prepared  for  law  practice,  while  in  the  discharge 
of  his  duties  he  is  most  thorough  and  painstaking.  He  was  born  August  29, 
1868,  at  Annapolis  Royal,  Nova  Scotia,  and  is  the  only  child  of  George  and  Laleah 
(Ritchie)  Robertson,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Nova  Scotia.  The  father 
was  a  barrister  of  Annapolis  Royal,  and  his  death  occurred  in  1870,  when  he  was 
but  twenty-nine  years  of  age,  resulting  from  a  railroad  accident.  His  wife  still 
survives  and  now  makes  her  home  in  Dover,  England.  The  former  was  a  son 
of  the  Rev.  James  Robertson,  LL.  D.,  of  Aberdeen  University,  who  was  born 
at  Strathan,  Perthshire,  Scotland,  and  with  his  wife,  who  was  a  native  of  England, 
emigrated  to  Newfoundland.  Later  he  settled  in  Nova  Scotia  and  became  rector 
of  the  parish  of  Bridgetown  and  later  of  Wilmot,  Nova  Scotia.  He  was  prom- 
inently identified  with  religious  and  educational  movements  in  the  east.  The 
maternal  grandfather  of  Thomas  R.  Robertson  was  the  Rev.  James  J.  Ritchie, 
M.  A.,  who  was  a  native  of  Nova  Scotia  and  became  rector  of  the  parish  of 
Annapolis  Royal.  He  was  a  representative  of  a  family  prominently  identified 
with  public  affairs  in  that  province  and  which  furnished  several  distinguished 
representatives  to  the  legal  profession. 

Thomas  R.  Robertson  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Annapolis  Royal 
and  in  the  Annapolis  County  Academy  prior  to  entering  Dalhousie  College  in 
1884.  He  took  Munro  bursaries  (junior  and  senior),  and  was  graduated  B.  A. 
in  1888,  being  the  Avery  prize  man  for  that  year.  He  later  pursued  a  law  course 
in  Dalhousie  Law  School,  winning  the  LL.  B.  degree  in  1890.  He  was  articled 
as  a  law  student  with  J.  J.  Ritchie,  an  uncle,  who  is  now  Justice  Ritchie,  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Nova  Scotia.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  November  10,  1890, 
and  entered  upon  active  practice  at  Kentville,  Nova  Scotia,  as  junior  member  of 
the  firm  of  Webster  &  Robertson.  Subsequent  changes  in  the  partnership  led  to 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  931 

the  adoption  of  the  firm  style  of  Shaffner  &  Robertson.  On  the  ist  of  January, 
1902,  Mr.  Robertson  removed  to  Halifax  and  became  a  member  of  the  firm  of 
Borden,  Ritchie  &  Chisholm.  When  Mr.  Borden  took  up  his  permanent  resi- 
dence in  Ottawa  the  firm  was  reorganized  under  the  name  of  Ritchie  &  Robertson. 
From  the  outset  of  his  professional  career  Mr.  Robertson  has  enjoyed  a  sub- 
stantial measure  of  success.  He  has  always  prepared  his  cases  thoroughly  and 
is  therefore  well  equipped  to  meet  the  opposition  that  arises  in  the  work  of  the 
courts.  He  was  appointed  king's  counsel  of  Nova  Scotia  January  i,  1911,  and 
for  two  years  he  was  a  lecturer  in  Dalhousie  Law  School.  Mr.  Robertson  came 
to  Victoria  to  accept  the  office  of  city  solicitor  on  the  ist  of  April,  1912,  and  is 
now  acceptably  filling  that  position.  His  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  con- 
servative party  but  he  never  allows  politics  to  interfere  with  the  faithful,  prompt 
and  conscientious  performance  of  his  duties. 

On  the  1 7th  of  October,  1897,  Mr.  Robertson  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Annie  Lovett,  a  daughter  of  Henry  and  Annie  (Johnston)  Lovett,  the  former 
being  registrar  of  probate  of  Kings  county,  Nova  Scotia,  while  the  mother  was  a 
niece  of,  the  Hon.  J.  W.  Johnston,  who  was  for  many  years  premier  of  Nova 
Scotia.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Robertson  have  one  child,  James  Ritchie,  born  April  17, 
1900.  Mr.  Robertson  is  affable  and  of  pleasing  personality  and  wherever  he 
goes  wins  a  circle  of  friends  that  is  indicative  of  the  high  regard  in  which  he 
is  uniformly  held,  a  record  that  can  be  gained  only  through  sterling  worth. 


WILLIAM  HENDERSON. 

William  Henderson,  a  highly  respected  and  leading  citizen  of  Victoria,  in 
which  city  he  has  made  his  home  for  the  past  sixteen  years,  has  to  his  credit 
a  record  of  forty-one  years'  service  as  resident  architect  of  the  public  works 
department  and  also  acts  as  superintendent  of  telegraphs  in  British  Columbia. 
His  birth  occurred  in  Dundee,  Scotland,  on  the  26th  of  February,  1837,  his  par- 
ents being  George  and  Christina  (Cooper)  Henderson,  natives  of  Aberdeenshire, 
Scotland.  The  father  was  for  many  years  engaged  in  business  as  a  building 
contractor  and  in  the  later  years  of  his  life  served  as  town  surveyor  for  Peter- 
head,  Aberdeenshire.  He  passed  away  in  his  eighty-sixth  year,  having  long  sur- 
vived his  wife,  who  was  called  to  her  final  rest  when  but  thirty-four  years  of  age. 
William  Henderson  of  this  review  is  the  eldest  and  only  surviving  member  of 
a  family  of  six  children.  The  paternal  grandfather  of  our  subject  was  a  native 
of  Aberdeenshire  and  was  also  a  building  contractor  by  trade.  He  died  at  the 
age  of  eighty-six  years,  while  his  wife,  likewise  born  in  Aberdeenshire,  passed 
away  when  eighty-seven  years  old.  The  maternal  grandfather,  a  shoemaker  by 
trade,  was  a  native  of  Aberdeenshire  and  married  a  lady  who  was  also  born 
there. 

William  Henderson  obtained  his  education  in  the  Lonmay  parish  school  of 
Aberdeenshire  but  put  aside  his  text-books  when  still  quite  young  in  order  to- 
learn  the  stone  mason's  trade,  at  which  he  worked  for  ten  years.  In  1857  he 
emigrated  to  Canada,  locating  in  Montreal,  where  he  followed  his  trade  until 
the  latter  part  of  1861.  At  that  time  he  returned  to  Scotland  and  for  ten  years 
was  engaged  in  the  contracting  and  building  business  in  his  native  country.  In 
1872  he  again  came  to  Canada  and,  locating  in  Ottawa,  Ontario,  entered  the 
Dominion  government  public  works  department.  In  1879  he  was  transferred  to 
the  North  West  Territories  in  the  same  department.  Eighteen  years  later  he 
was  transferred  to  British  Columbia,  locating  in  Victoria,  where  he  has  since 
remained  as  resident  architect  of  public  works  and  superintendent  of  telegraphs 
in  this  province.  His  connection  with  the  department  extends  over  a  period  of 
forty-one  years — a  fact  which  is  ample  evidence  of  his  highly  satisfactory  and 
most  efficient  service. 


932  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

On  the  2  ist  of  July,  1862,  at  Aberdeen,  Scotland,  Mr.  Henderson  was  joined 
in  wedlock  to  Miss  Mary  Jane  Smith,  a  daughter  of  Alexander  and  Mary  (Rob- 
ertson) Smith.  The  father,  a  native  of  Aberdeenshire,  Scotland,  emigrated  to 
Canada  in  1858  and  located  at  Billings  Bridge,  Ontario,  where  he  was  engaged 
in  the  carriage  building  business  for  many  years.  Subsequently  he  removed  to 
Saskatchewan  and  in  that  province  devoted  his  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits 
until  1894.  Later  he  returned  to  Ottawa,  Ontario,  where  he  passed  away  in  his 
ninetieth  year.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Henderson  became  the  parents  of  three  sons  and 
three  daughters,  the  surviving  children  being  as  follows :  Stuart  Alexander,  who 
was  born  on  the  I9th  of  September,  1863,  and  is  now  practicing  law  in  Victoria, 
British  Columbia;  Gordon  Smith,  whose  birth  occurred  on  the  8th  of  July, 
1866,  and  who  is  a  practicing  attorney  of  Ottawa ;  and  Mary  Jane,  born  Decem- 
ber 23,  1870,  who  is  the  wife  of  Samuel  Mikkleson  and  resides  in  Seattle,  Wash- 
ington. Mrs.  Mary  Jane  Henderson,  the  wife  and  mother,  was  called  to  her 
final  rest  in  1904.  when  sixty-three  years  of  age.  The  family  residence  is  at  No. 
2150  Oak  Bay  avenue  in  Victoria. 

While  a  resident  of  Ottawa,  Mr.  Henderson  served  as  alderman  of  the  city 
during  the  years  1877  and  1878.  In  1906  and  1907  he  represented  the  Oak  Bay 
municipality  as  councilman  and  during  the  years  1908,  1909  and  1910  served 
as  reeve  of  that  municipality.  In  the  Masonic  fraternity  he  has  become  well 
known,  belonging  to  the  following  organizations :  Victoria,  Columbia  Lodge,  No. 
i,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Victoria;  Vancouver,  Quadra,  No.  2,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of 
Victoria,  of  which  he  is  an  honorary  member;  Qu'Appelle  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M., 
of  Qu'  Appelle,  Saskatchewan,  of  which  he  is  an  honorary  member;  Wascana 
Lodge,  No.  2,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Regina,  Saskatchewan,  of  which  he  is  a  life 
member;  Columbia  Chapter,  No.  120,  G.  R.  S.,  R.  A.  M.,  of  Victoria;  Wascana 
Chapter,  No.  120,  G.  R.  C.,  R.  A.  M.,  of  Regina,  of  which  he  is  an  honorary 
member;  and  Western  Gate  Preceptory  of  Victoria.  He  is  now  grand  master 
of  the  grand  lodge  of  Masons  in  British  Columbia.  His  religious  faith  is  indi- 
cated by  his  membership  in  St.  Columbia  Presbyterian  church  of  Oak  Bay,  Vic- 
toria, in  which  he  serves  as  an  elder,  clerk  of  session  and  chairman  of  the  board 
of  managers.  Mr.  Henderson  is  of  distinguished  and  dignified  appearance,  robust 
and  very  active  for  a  man  of  his  years.  He  derives  much  pleasure  from  his  sim- 
ple home  life,  is  very  fond  of  horses  and  domestic  pets  and  also  carries  on  horti- 
cultural pursuits  and  gardening  in  an  unpretentious  way.  He  is  highly  respected 
and  admired  and  his  record  in  public  life,  as  well  as  his  efforts  in  behalf  of  all 
movements  tending  towards  the  moral  uplift  of  the  community,  places  him  in  the 
foremost  rank  of  Victoria's  estimable  citizens. 


HON.  JOHN  HAMILTON  GRAY,  D.  C.  L. 

Hon.  John  Hamilton  Gray,  who  died  in  Victoria  June  5,  1889,  in  the  thir- 
teenth year  of  his  distinguished  service  as  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  British 
Columbia,  was  known  in  this  province  and  in  New  Brunswick,  where  he  long 
resided,  as  a  man  of  commanding  ability,  force,  energy  and  capacity  and  a  public 
spirit  which  he  made  the  basis  of  unusual  work  in  the  public  service.  His  life 
brought  to  him  distinction  at  the  bar,  prominence  on  the  bench  and  honor  in  politics 
and  his  death  deprived  British  Columbia  of  one  of  her  leading  and  foremost  citizens. 

Judge  Gray  was  born  at  St.  George,  Bermudas,  in  1814,  and  was  descended 
from  an  old  English  family.  He  was  the  grandson  of  Joseph  Gray,  a  United 
Empire  Loyalist  of  Boston,  Massachusetts,  who  settled  in  Halifax  at  the  termi- 
nation of  the  American  revolution.  Mr.  Gray's  father,  William  Gray,  was  for 
many  years  Her  Majesty's  consul  in  Virginia. 

Hon.  John  Hamilton  Gray  acquired  his  education  at  King's  College,  Windsor, 
Nova  Scotia,  from  which  he  was  graduated  A.  B.  in  1833.  He  afterward  studied 
law  and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  New  Brunswick  in  1837,  beginning  immediately 


HON.  JOHN  H.  GRAY 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  935 

the  practice  of  his  profession  and  meeting  with  constantly  increasing  success.  He 
was  created  queen's  counsel  in  1853  and  three  years  later  received  the  degree  of 
D.  C.  L.  from  the  University  of  New  Brunswick.  His  ability  gained  -widespread 
recognition  and  his  prominence  resulted  in  his  being  carried  forward  into  impor- 
tant relations  with  public  life,  for  he  was  essentially  progressive  in  matters  of 
citizenship  and  a  liberal-minded  and  keen-sighted  politician.  From  1851  to  1854 
he  served  as  a  member  of  the  executive  council  of  New  Brunswick  and  again  from 
1856  to  1857.  In  the  former  year  he  was  appointed  attorney  general  of  the 
province,  serving  one  year,  and  in  1866  he  was  made  speaker  of  the  house,  serving 
from  that  time  until  the  Union.  Other  public  honors  and  distinctions  came  to 
him  during  this  period  of  his  career.  In  1854  he  served  as  chairman  of  a  commis- 
sion for  inquiring  into  the  affairs  of  King's  College,  Fredricton,  and  for  popular- 
izing that  institution,  and  in  the  following  year  was  given  a  special  patent  of  rank 
and  precedence  from  her  majesty  as  an  ex-councillor,  carrying  the  title  of  Honor- 
able. In  1857  ne  had  the  honor  of  being  appointed  umpire  between  Great  Britain 
and  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  Washington  and  for  his  services  received 
the  approval  and  thanks  of  Her  Majesty's  government  through  Lord  John  Russell, 
then  secretary  of  foreign  affairs.  In  1860  he  was  appointed  Her  Majesty's  com- 
missioner under  the  great  seal  to  settle,  in  conjunction  with  Hon.  Mr.  Howe  and 
Hon.  Mr.  Ritchie,  the  tenant  rights  in  Prince  Edward  Island,  and  four  years 
later  became  identified  with  the  Charlottetown  Confederation  Conference,  serving 
in  the  same  year  in  the  conference  at  Quebec.  He  was  chairman  of  the  committee 
of  supply  in  the  house  of  commons  in  1867-68  and  during  the  same  year  was 
appointed  arbitrator  for  the  Dominion  under  the  one  hundred  and  forty-second 
section  of  the  British  North  American  act.  Judge  Gray  made  a  distinguished 
record  in  the  New  Brunswick  legislature,  for  his  statesmanship  was  of  a  high 
order  and  was  supplemented  by  ability,  force  and  power  of  personality.  He 
initiated  and  carried  forward  a  great  deal  of  important  legislation,  championing 
many  measures  of  vital  benefit  to  the  province.  He  introduced  and  carried  through 
the  New  Brunswick  parliament  an  act  giving  committees  of  the  legislature  judicial 
powers  in  investigations  in  relation  to  public  offices  and  public  works,  an  act 
authorizing  magisterial  investigation  in  cases  of  fire  without  preliminary  complaint 
on  oath  and  an  act  enabling  parties  sustaining  damage  by  the  negligence  or  default 
of  the  commissioners  of  government  railways  to  maintain  an  action  against  the 
government.  He  was  an  ardent  supporter  of  all  measures  to  promote  railway 
construction  and  a  constant  advocate  of  the  Inter-colonial  Railway  scheme  and 
the  union  of  the  provinces.  Much  legislation  of  the  most  vital  importance  to 
the  welfare  and  advancement  of  New  Brunswick  bears  the  stamp  of  his  name, 
which  during  the  period  of  his  activity  there  swelled  the  list  of  the  able  public 
men  of  the  province.  When  he  left  New  Brunswick  and  came  to  British  Columbia 
he  immediately  took  the  position  here  to  which  his  ability  and  accomplishments 
entitled  him.  In  1876  he  was  appointed  to  the  vacant  justiceship  of  the  supreme 
court  of  British  Columbia,  serving  in  that  position  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
June  5,  1889.  During  the  last  year  of  his  life  he  was  appointed  a  member  of 
the  commission  that  went  to  Washington  in  order  to  arbitrate  the  Behring  Sea  diffi- 
culties then  pending.  In  the  high  office  which  he  held  for  thirteen  years  in  British 
Columbia  he  proved  a  wise  and  capable  incumbent,  clear  sighted,  broad  minded 
and  progressive  and  actuated  always  by  a  sense  of  his  personal  responsibility  to 
the  people  of  the  province.  Death  cut  short  his  able  service  in  1889  and  his  loss 
has  proven  an  irreparable  loss  to  the  province. 

In  1845,  in  Dublin,  Ireland,  Judge  Gray  was  united  in  marriage  to  the  eldest 
daughter  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  Ormond,  of  Her  Majesty's  Thirtieth  Regiment 
of  Foot.  Judge  Gray  was  an  author  of  some  reputation,  having  written  several 
interesting  and  learned  essays  and  articles,  principal  among  them  being  the  History 
of  the  Canadian  Confederation.  In  New  Brunswick  he  was  lieutenant  colonel 
commanding  the  Queen's  New  Brunswick  Rangers,  vice  president  of  the  Dominion 
Rifle  Association  and  for  many  years  president  of  the  St.  George  Society  of  St. 
John.  He  was  a  stanch  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  advocated  the 


936  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

party's  doctrines  upon  all  occasions,  believing  them  to  be  conducive  to  the  perma- 
nent welfare  of  the  community.  He  sought  always  the  public  good  before 
personal  benefit  and  in  so  doing  won  distinction  and  honor  and  a  position  among 
the  men  of  British  Columbia  who  aided  in  building  up  and  developing  the  province. 


MELBOURNE  RAYNOR,  M.  D. 

Dr.  Melbourne  Raynor,  a  well  known  physician  and  surgeon  of  Victoria,  has 
been  successfully  engaged  in  the  general  practice  of  medicine  in  this  province  for 
the  past  seven  years.  His  birth  occurred  in  Prince  Edward  county,  Ontario,  on 
the  nth  of  November,  1879,  his  parents  being  George  and  Edna  Raynor,  the 
former  a  prominent  agriculturist  of  that  county.  Dr.  Raynor  acquired  his  early 
education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  county  and  subsequently  pursued  a 
course  of  study  in  the  Agricultural  College  at  Guelph,  Ontario,  being  graduated 
from  that  institution  with  the  degree  of  B.  S.  A.  in  1900.  He  then  began  the 
study  of  medicine  in  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  of  the  University 
of  Illinois  in  Chicago  and  was  graduated  therefrom  with  the  degree  of  M.  D. 
in  1905.  In  the  fall  of  1906  he  began  the  practice  of  his  profession  at  Bella 
Bella,  British  Columbia,  and  at  the  end  of  seven  months  opened  an  office  at  Clay- 
oquot,  this  province,  there  remaining  until  May,  1910.  In  that  month  he  came 
to  Victoria  and  this  city  has  since  remained  the  scene  of  his  professional  labors. 
His  practice  has  steadily  grown  in  volume  and  importance  as  he  has  demonstrated 
his  skill  and  ability  in  coping  with  the  complex  problems  that  continually  con- 
front the  physician  in  his  efforts  to  restore  health  and  prolong  life. 

On  the  2ist  of  June,  1906,  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  Dr.  Raynor  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Leona  Humphreys,  her  father  being  S.  A.  Humphreys,  a  car- 
penter by  trade  and  a  veteran  of  the  Civil  war.  They  now  have  three  children : 
Edna  May,  Howard  Humphreys  and  Everett  Freeman.  Politically  Dr.  Raynor 
is  a  stanch  liberal  while  his  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Methodist  church.  He 
likewise  belongs  to  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Masons,  being 
identified  with  the  latter  fraternity  as  a  member  of  Camosun  Lodge  at  Victoria- 
Although  still  a  young  man,  he  has  already  attained  an  enviable  position  in  pro- 
fessional as  well  as  social  circles  of  Victoria 


WALTER  HEPBURN. 

Walter  Hepburn,  contractor  and  builder,  belongs  to  that  class  of  men  whose 
strength  of  character  and  laudable  ambition  have  constituted  the  foundation 
upon  which  they  have  builded  their  success.  He  started  out  in  life  as  a  car- 
penter's apprentice  in  1876  and  since  1894  has  been  numbered  among  the  con- 
tractors and  builders  of  Vancouver,  in  which  connection  he  has  gradually  worked 
his  way  upward  until  he  is  now  accorded  a  liberal  patronage.  A  native  of  Robin- 
son, Quebec,  he  was  born  November  16,  1857,  a  son  of  James  and  Jean  Hep- 
burn, the  former  a  merchant  of  Glasgow,  Scotland,  in  early  life.  At  the  usual 
age  the  son  entered  the  public  schools,  passing  through  consecutive  grades  until 
he  became  a  high-school  student.  He  entered  upon  an  apprenticeship  to  the 
carpenter's  trade  in  Robinson,  Quebec,  in  1876,  thoroughly  acquainting  himself 
with  the  business  in  principle  and  detail.  The  year  1882  witnessed  his  removal 
to  the  west  and  for  two  years  thereafter  he  followed  his  trade  of  carpenter  and 
builder  in  Manitoba.  In  1884,  however,  he  returned  to  the  east  and  engaged 
in  the  contracting  and  building  business  at  Port  Arthur,  Ontario.  While  there 
he  also  superintended  some  construction  work  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Rail- 
way Company.  The  year  1894  witnessed  his  arrival  in  Vancouver,  where  he 
has  since  engaged  in  contracting  and  building,  many  substantial  structures  in 


WALTER  HEPBURN 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  939 

the  city  standing  as  monuments  to  his  skill  and  ability  in  that  direction.  Of 
those  in  his  employ  he  demands  thorough  workmanship  and  his  services  fully 
and  adequately  meet  the  demands  of  his  patrons.  Aside  from  his  contracting 
business  he  is  a  director  in  a  number  of  companies. 

On  the  26th  of  March,  1900,  at  Chapleau,  Ontario,  Mr.  Hepburn  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Josephine  Elizabeth  Lockwood,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  K. 
and  Ann  (LeBoutilier)  Lockwood.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hepburn  have  two  chil- 
dren, Robert  W.  E.  and  Josephine  Lockwood.  The  family  attend  the  Anglican 
church  and  Mr.  Hepburn  belongs  also  to  the  Terminal  City  Club  and  to  Mount 
Hermon  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Vancouver.  In  politics  he  is  a  liberal  and 
at  the  present  writing  is  one  of  Vancouver's  aldermen,  in  which  position  he 
served  in  1907,  1908,  1910,  1912  and  again  in  1913.  His  military  service  has 
been  with  the  Fifty-eighth  Battalion  of  Quebec  and  with  the  Ninety-sixth 
Algoma  Rifles,  which  command  volunteered  for  service  in  the  Northwest  rebel- 
lion in  1885  but  his  company  was  not  taken.  He  manifests  a  progressive  citizen- 
ship in  all  public  connections  and  his  aid  and  support  can  be  counted  upon  to 
further  any  measures  for  the  general  good. 


WILLIAM  ALEXANDER  MACDONALD,  K.  C. 

t 

Devotedly  attached  to  his  profession,  systematic  and  methodical  in  habit, 
sober  and  discreet  in  judgment,  calm  in  temper,  diligent  in  research,  conscientious 
in  the  discharge  of  every  duty,  courteous  and  kind  in  demeanor  and  inflexibly 
just  on  all  occasions,  these  qualities  have  enabled  William  Alexander  Macdonald 
to  take  first  rank  among  the  barristers  of  British  Columbia.  He  has  become 
recognized  as  a  leader  in  both  legal  and  political  circles  but  has  always  regarded 
the  practice  of  law  as  his  real  life  work.  An  excellent  presence,  an  earnest  man- 
ner, marked  strength  of  character,  a  thorough  grasp  of  the  law  and  the  ability  to 
accurately  apply  its  principles  make  him  a  most  effective  and  successful  barrister. 
William  Alexander  Macdonald  was  born  in  St.  Catharines,  Ontario,  June  17, 
1860,  a  son  of  Frederick  William  and  Eliza  Clara  Macdonald.  The  father  was 
for  thirty  years  an  eminent  barrister  and  master  in  chancery  in  St.  Catharines. 
The  son  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  and  afterward  attended 
the  Collegiate  Institute  at  St.  Catharines,  subsequent  to  which  time  he  entered 
his  father's  office  and  took  up  the  study  of  law,  being  called  to  the  bar  of  Osgoode 
Hall,  Ontario,  in  1882.  The  opportunities  of  Manitoba,  attracted  him  and,  suc- 
cumbing to  the  lure  of  the  west,  he  made  his  way  to  Brandon,  where  he  entered 
upon  the  practice  of  his  profession,  remaining  there  for  fifteen  years,  or  until 
the  latter  part  of  1896,  during  which  period  he  acted  as  the  first  counsel  in  the 
first  jury  trial  held  in  the  western  district  of  Manitoba.  On  the  ist  of  January, 
1897,  he  became  a  resident  of  British  Columbia,  settling  in  Nelson,  where  he 
remained  until  1909  and  was  accorded  an  extensive  clientage.  In  the  latter  year 
he  removed  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has  continued  in  the  active  practice  of  his 
profession.  For  two  years  he  was  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Cowan,  Macdonald 
&  Parkes,  which  later  became  Macdonald,  Parkes  &  Anderson,  his  associates 
being  R.  B.  Parkes  and  W.  G.  Anderson.  A  contemporary  biographer  has  writ- 
ten of  him: 

"He  has  throughout  his  professional  career  made  consecutive  advancement, 
as  he  had  demonstrated  his  ability  to  cope  with  the  intricate  problems  of  juris- 
prudence. His  knowledge  of  the  law  in  all  its  departments  is  exact  and  compre- 
hensive and  in  the  trial  of  a  case  he  prepares  himself  with  great  thoroughness  and 
presents  his  case  in  clear,  forcible,  logical  manner,  so  that  he  never  fails  to  make 
an  impress  upon  the  minds  of  the  court  or  the  jury,  and  seldom  fails  to  gain  the 
verdict  desired.  His  devotion  to  his  clients'  interests  is  proverbial  and  yet  he 
never  forgets  that  he  owes  a  higher  allegiance  to  the  majesty  of  the  law." 


940  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

It  has  ever  been  characteristic  of  Mr.  Macdonald  that  he  has  prepared  his 
cases  with  great  thoroughness  and  care,  displaying  a  mastery  of  the  intricate  legal 
problems  presented  for  solution. 

Since  attaining  his  majority  Mr.  Macdonald  has  taken  a  deep  interest  in  poli- 
tical questions  and  issues  and  is  a  recognized  leader  in  the  ranks  of  the  conserva- 
tive party.  In  the  general  election  of  1888  he  contested  North  Brandon  with  the 
Hon.  Clifford  Sifton,  afterward  Canadian  minister  of  the  interior.  In  1892  he 
contested  the  city  of  Brandon  against  the  Hon.  James  A.  Stuart,  was  elected 
and  during  his  legislative  term  was  leader  of  the  opposition.  He  was  largely 
instrumental  in  securing  the  passage  of  the  workmen's  compensation  act,  giving 
workingmen  the  right  of  action  against  their  employers  for  injuries  sustained  in 
their  service.  In  the  general  election  of  1896  he  was  a  contestant  for  a  seat  in 
the  House  of  Commons  but  was  defeated  by  D'Alton  McCarthy  on  the  school 
question.  He  retired  from  active  politics  following  his  removal  to  Nelson  but 
keeps  well  informed  on  the  issues  and  questions  of  the  day,  ever  supporting  his 
position  by  intelligent  argument  that  indicates  deep  research  and  thorough  under- 
standing. He  now  concentrates  his  energies  upon  his  professional  duties  and  has 
ever  been  accorded  prominence  in  professional  circles  at  Brandon,  at  Nelson 
and  in  Vancouver.  He  was  president  of  the  Nelson  Bar  Association  and  in  1892 
was  appointed  queen's  counsel. 

In  1884  Mr.  Macdonald  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Elizabeth 
Gamble,  a  native  of  Dunnville,  Ontario,  and  they  have  four  children,  Flora,  Helen. 
Greta  and  Bruce.  The  attractive  hospitality  of  their  home  makes  it  a  favorable 
resort  with  their  many  friends.  Mr.  Macdonald  is  interested  in  the  social,  edu- 
cational and  moral  progress  of  the  city,  has  long  been  actively  connected  with 
athletic  interests  and  for  years  was  president  of  the  Manitoba  Lacrosse  Associa- 
tion and  also  president  of  the  Nelson  Lacrosse  and  Hockey  Association.  He  is 
president  and  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Vancouver  Curling  Club  and  a  member 
of  the  Shaughnessy  Heights  and  Jericho  Country  Clubs.  He  belongs  to  the 
Masonic  fraternity,  to  the  Vancouver  Club  and  to  the  Anglican  church — associa- 
tions which  indicate  much  of  the  nature  of  his  interests  and  the  rules  which  govern 
his  conduct.  Vancouver  numbers  him  among  her  leading  residents  and  honors 
him  for  what  he  has  accomplished  not  only  in  his  own  behalf  but  as  a  factor 
in  the  substantial  upbuilding  and  improvement  of  the  community  along  those 
lines  which  lead  to  a  higher  and  more  advanced  civilization. 


HECTOR    ROSS    McLEAN    FERGUSON. 

The  real  builders  and  promoters  of  any  community  are  largely  the  men  who 
came  into  the  region  when  it  was  yet  undeveloped  and  utilized  its  natural  resources, 
transforming  wild  land  into  rich  and  productive  fields.  Hector  Ross  McLean 
Ferguson,  or  as  he  is  generally  known  in  British  Columbia,  Hector  Ferguson,  may, 
therefore,  be  termed  one  of  the  builders  of  the  province,  for  no  one  can  carry 
investigation  far  into  its  pioneer  history  without  learning  of  the  part  which  he 
took  in  promoting  early  farming  development.  He  came  from  Oregon  to  Vic- 
toria in  1878  and  his  life  since  that  time  has,  with  the  exception  of  the  first  two 
weeks  been  spent  in  Chilliwack  and  has  been  passed  on  his  farm,  overlooking 
the  Fraser  river  and  adjoining  Port  Haney.  His  interests  extend  into  many 
fields  and  include  activity  in  business  and  agricultural  pursuits  and  in  munici- 
pal affairs.  He  is  today  one  of  the  substantial  landowners,  progressive  farmers 
and  most  public-spirited  citizens  of  Port  Haney  and  he  owes  his  prosperity  and 
progress  entirely  to  his  own  well  directed  labors  and  unfaltering  determination. 

Mr.  Ferguson  was  born  on  a  farm  near  New  Aberdeen,  a  village  which  once 
existed  five  miles  from  Berlin,  in  Waterloo  county,  Ontario,  on  the  nth  of 
November,  1854,  and  is  a  son  of  Archibald  and  Elizabeth  (McLean)  Ferguson, 
both  of  Scotch  ancestry.  The  father  was  the  youngest  of  seventeen  children  born 


HECTOR  R.  M.  FERGUSON 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  943 

to  Archibald  Ferguson,  a  successful  builder  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  who  went  to 
that  city  from  Perthshire  in  the  Highlands.  Three  of  his  brothers  served  in  the 
Thirteenth  Hussars,  the  Seventeenth  Lancers  and  the  Forty-second  Highlanders 
during  the  East  India  wars,  and  all  made  creditable  military  records.  On  the 
maternal  side  -Mr.  Ferguson  is  a  grandson  of  Captain  McLean,  of  the  Forty- 
second  or  Forty-sixth  Highlanders,  who  fought  under  Abercrombie  on  the  Nile 
and  under  Moore  and  Wellington  in  Spain.  Archibald  Ferguson,  father  of  the 
subject  of  this  review,  was  born  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  in  1812,  of  Highland 
Scotch  ancestry,  and  for  many  years  conducted  a  large  mercantile  establishment 
in  his  native  city.  He  moved  to  Canada  in  the  year  1848  and  there  resided  until 
his  death.  His  wife  was  born  at  Tain,  Ross-shire,  Scotland,  and  was  the  eldest 
daughter  of  Captain  Hector  McLean,  of  the  Forty-second  Highlanders. 

Hector  Ferguson  remained  in  his  native  community  until  he  was  nineteen 
years  of  age  and  then,  like  many  other  young  Canadians,  went  to  the  United 
States,  working  his  way  gradually  westward  until  he  reached  Oregon.  From 
there  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  landing  in  Victoria  early  in  April,  1878, 
among  the  pioneers  in  that  part  of  the  province.  Soon  after  he  landed  he  went 
to  have  his  photograph  taken  to  send  home  to  his  parents  and  while  this  was 
being  done  he  asked  the  photographer  for  information  about  the  mainland  and 
was  told  that  his  place  of  settlement  depended  a  great  deal  upon  what  his 
inclinations  were.  If  he  were  religiously  inclined  he  should  go  to  Chilliwack  and 
if  he  wished  to  mingle  in  municipal  politics  Langley  offered  the  best  oppor- 
tunities, and  if  he  was  fond  of  dancing  Maple  Ridge  should  be  his  destination. 
On  his  way  up  from  Oregon  he  had  made  the  acquaintance  of  a  young  man, 
Mr.  Danbrook,  who  was  on  his  way  to  Chilliwack,  and  who  invited  Mr.  Ferguson 
to  accompany  him  on  the  journey.  Mr.  Ferguson,  therefore,  decided  in  favor 
of  Chilliwack  and  the  two  young  men  made  their  way  up  the  Fraser.  During 
the  journey  the  boat  ran  onto  the  bank  at  the  place  where  Port  Haney  now 
stands  to  land  freight  during  which  Mr.  Ferguson  overheard  Mr.  Haney  tell  Mr. 
Danbrook  to  tell  the  subject  of  this  sketch  that  if  he  could  not  find  work  at 
Chilliwack  to  come  back  there.  However,  he  pushed  onward  to  the  latter  vil- 
lage, reaching  it  in  the  evening  and  staying  with  Isaac  Kipp  for  the  night.  The 
next  day  being  Sunday,  he  attended  public  worship  in  the  little  Methodist  church, 
where  he  first  met  A.  C.  Wells  and  his  daughter,  Mrs.  William  Townsley,  the 
wife  of  Captain  William  Townsley,  secretary  of  the  British  Columbia  Mutual 
Insurance  Company.  Mr.  Ferguson  obtained  employment  as  a  farm  laborer 
under  Mr.  Ashwell,  but  after  working  for  two  weeks  returned  to  Maple  Ridge, 
where  he  obtained  quarters  at  the  Crown  Hotel,  then  kept  by  the  late  Sergeant  J. 
W.  McKenney  and  his  wife.  Here  he  took  contract  to  clear  land  for  the  late 
J.  W.  Howison  and  for  him  cleared  twelve  acres  of  the  farm  which  one  and  a 
half  years  later,  in  February,  1880,  was  wiped  out  in  the  great  landslide  during 
which  thirty  acres  of  fine  land  about  one  hundred  feet  above  the  Fraser  river 
suddenly  slipped  into  the  water,  which  at  that  point  was  from  seventy-five  to 
one  hundred  feet  deep.  At  the  time  of  the  accident  Mr.  Ferguson  was  working 
with  Mr.  Haney,  after  whom  Port  Haney  was  later  named,  and,  running  out  of 
the  woods,  they  beheld  the  entire  opposite  bank  of  the  river  swept  clear,  the 
water  rushing  back  into  the  river  bed  and  making  a  fall  over  a  mile  in  length. 

In  July,  1878,  Mr.  Ferguson  purchased  his  first  tract  of  land,  buying  lot  403, 
near  Port  Haney,  and  he  considers  that  the  proudest  moment  of  his  life  was  when 
he  stood  for  the  first  time  in  the  door  of  the  little  shack  which  stood  on  a  cleared 
space  of  a  quarter  of  an  acre.  At  that  time  he  knew  little  of  the  hardships  con- 
nected with  the  clearing  of  a  timber  farm  in  British  Columbia  and,  being  young, 
ambitious  and  energetic,  set  to  work  with  a  will.  On  the  morning  of  the  7th 
of  May,  1879,  he  first  took  hold  of  his  own  plow  handles  and  his  neighbor,  David 
McMartin,  who  lived  in  the  manse  on  the  old  Derby  townsite  across  the  river, 
remarked:  "You  will  tell  your  children  by  and  by  that  you  on  this  day  turned 
the  first  furrow  on  your  farm."  Mr.  Ferguson  often  afterward  did  tell  his  chil- 
dren of  this  and  many  other  experiences  of  pioneer  life,  but  his  old  neighbor 


944 

who  had  made  the  remark  to  him  never  lived  to  see  the  prophecy  fulfilled,  for 
some  years  later  he  took  his  own  life  while  freighting  on  the  Cariboo  road.  Mr. 
Ferguson  added  to  his  original  property  from  time  to  time  and  upon  this  excel- 
lent farm  lived  for  more  than  thirty-five  years,  taking  an  active  and  useful  part 
in  the  work  of  development  which  transformed  the  region.  He  learned  pioneer 
life  by  personal  contact  and  gives  as  the  requisites  for  the  successful  pioneer 
good  health,  good  climate,  good  land,  a  convenient  market,  a  good  wife,  and, 
last  but  not  least,  charity  toward  your  neighbor.  When  Mr.  Ferguson  landed  at 
Maple  Ridge  he  found  already  established  there  a  little  colony  of  old  pioneers, 
consisting  of  Sergeant  and  Mrs.  McKenney,  Justice  Howison,  John  Mclvor,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  William  Nelson,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Henry  Dawson,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sam 
Robertson,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Peter  Baker,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  R.  Robertson,  Mr.  Stewart 
and  Mr.  Reynolds.  The  gentlemen  of  this  party  were  either  retired  Hudson's 
Bay  employes  or  retired  miners,  with  the  exception  of  Mr.  McKenney,  who  had 
served  on  the  Royal  Engineer  Corps.  After  the  confederation  another  colony  of 
pioneers  arrived  in  Port  Haney  and  these  were  immediately  given  the  name  of 
North  American  Chinamen  because  they  cut  prices  and  cheapened  labor.  The 
last  of  the  original  band  of  pioneers  crossed  the  Great  Divide  a  short  time  ago 
when  John  Mclvor  passed  away.  Mr.  Ferguson  has  many  interesting  reminis- 
cences of  early  times  in  British  Columbia  and  in  a  short  autobiography  has  this 
to  say  concerning  conditions  in  this  province:  "While  the  privations  of  the 
pioneer  in  British  Columbia  were  never  so  acute  as  in  the  eastern  provinces,  yet 
their  failures  were  more  frequent.  Wages  were  better  and  when  a  man  found 
the  wolf  coming  near  the  shack  he  simply  gave  up  and  went  out  to  work.  I 
myself  in  my  capacity  as  reeve  or  councilor  met  many  pathetic  cases — young 
couples  who  would  start  out  in  life  on  a  timber  farm  full  of  buoyancy  and  hope 
for  the  future.  In  a  few  years  the  husband  would  call  upon  me  for  advice  as 
to  where  a  few  hundred  dollars  could  be  borrowed  just  until  he  could  get  a 
start  and  I  knew  that  this  was  the  beginning  of  the  end,  for  when  the  mortgage 
fell  due  the  place  was  in  nine  cases  out  of  ten  abandoned.  Nor  have  I  ever  known 
a  pioneer  who  has  once  failed  ever  to  make  a  success  in  a  second  trial.  Fifteen 
or  twenty  years'  struggle  in  the  woods  simply  takes  all  the  ambition  out  of  a  man 
or  woman.  But,  while  money  was  scarce  and  luxuries  were  few  in  pioneer  times, 
life  was  full  of  bright  spots  and  Maple  Ridge  long  held  a  reputation  for  its  merry 
dances — not  the  mawkish,  waddling  things  called  dances  today  but  the  regular 
old  hoe-down  and  reels,  after  which  a  man  after  seating  his  partner  would  walk 
over  to  the  door  and  open  up  his  vest  in  order  to  dry  his  shirt,  which  would  be 
dripping  with  perspiration."  Mr.  Ferguson  took  part  in  all  of  these  amusements 
and  in  the  work  of  pioneering,  which  gradually  transformed  Maple  Ridge  from 
a  backwoods  community  into  a  prosperous  district  with  thriving  villages.  He  is 
familiar  with  the  history  of  this  locality  and  is  able  to  correct  the  record  which 
states  that  Port  Haney  was  named  after  Mr.  Haney  the  civil  engineer,  who  served 
on  the  railroad  survey.  Instead  the  village  takes  its  name  from  Thomas  Haney, 
who  sold  eighty  acres  of  the  present  townsite  to  a  Mr.  Horsey,  of  Kingston, 
Ontario,  who  laid  it  out  into  town  lots.  Mr.  Haney  the  engineer  did  not  come 
to  this  part  of  British  Columbia  until  a  year  or  two  afterward  and  he  found 
the  townsite  platted  and  the  work  of  development  begun.  The  first  town  in 
British  Columbia  was  Derby,  which  contained  in  those  early  times  a  church,  a 
manse,  a  jail  and  barracks,  these  buildings  being  still  standing  when  Mr.  Fer- 
guson came  to  the  province. 

Since  very  early  times  Mr.  Ferguson  has  been  active  and  prominent  in  public 
affairs,  of  which  he  got  his  first  experience  when  he  attended  a  court  of  revision 
held  in  the  old  schoolhouse  at  Maple  Ridge.  Mr.  McKenney  was  then  reeve 
of  the  municipality  and  R.  Robertson  came  all  the  way  from  what  is  now  Whon- 
nock  by  boat  to  appeal  against  an  increase  of  twenty-five  dollars  in  his  tax  assess- 
ment. The  assessor  showed  that  Mr.  Robertson  had  cleared  about  half  an  acre 
more  land  since  the  la'st  assessment  and  justified  the  increase  in  this  way.  Mr. 
Ferguson  thought  that  this  gave  very  little  encouragement  to  the  men  who  were 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  945 

clearing  land  and  he  made  it  the  basis  of  his  campaign  for  the  office  of  councilor, 
to  which  in  1879  he  was  elected.  Immediately  after  taking  office  he  began  work- 
ing to  exempt  improvements  from  taxation  and  finally  carried  forward  this  work 
to  successful  completion  and  had  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  Maple  Ridge  the  first 
municipality  in  British  Columbia  to  abolish  the  taxation  of  improvements.  He 
continued  in  the  office  of  councilor  and  reeve  of  .Maple  Ridge  for  twenty  years 
and  he  has  held  various  other  important  public  positions,  including  those  of  police 
magistrate,  which  he  held  for  two  and  a  half  years,  and  justice  of  the  peace,  which 
he  has  filled  acceptably  since  1882.  He  has  been  assessor,  collector,  school  trustee, 
a  member  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Public  Library,  president  and  secretary 
of  the  Maple  Ridge  Agricultural  Association  and  once  president  of  the  Maple 
Ridge  Board  of  Trade  and  he  has  been  always  among  the  leaders  in  any  work 
of  improvement  and  advancement.  He  is  president  of  the  Port  Haney  Liberal 
Association  and  is  an  independent  liberal  in  his  political  views.  His  political 
economic  views  are  that  everyone  should  be  allowed  to  acquire  all  the  real  and 
personal  property  which  his  ability  makes  possible  and  all  the  honor  and  dis- 
tinction to  which  his  merit  entitles  him.  He  believes  that  property  should  be 
held  in  trust  for  the  state  all  to  lapse  to  the  state  at  the  time  of  death  with  the 
exception  of  the  amount  required  to  educate  and  support  his  or  her  dependents. 
A  firm  believer  in  woman's  suffrage  and  the  absolute  prohibition  of  the  manu- 
facture of  spirituous  liquor  as  a  beverage,  he  believes  that  the  great  events,  polit- 
ically and  commercially,  of  the  future  will  be  on  the  Pacific  Ocean.  It  is  his  idea 
that  the  western  Canadian  seaports  on  account  of  their  proximity  to  the  orient 
will  be  the  center  of  the  struggle  and  that  it  behooves  every  Canadian  to  cast  party 
aside  if  necessary  to  insure  that  the  foundation  of  our  country  is  laid  of  white 
brick  and  cemented  with  Canadian-British  loyalty. 

On  the  nth  of  August,  1880,  in  New  Westminster,  Mr.  Ferguson  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Lavinia  Stephens,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  and  Matilda 
Stephens,  of  New  Brunswick  and  Nova  Scotia  respectively.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Ferguson  have  the  following  children :  Archibald  Lawrence ;  Mary  Lavinia,  who 
married  C.  F.  McDonald;  Hector  McLean,  who  married  Ruth  Rollie;  James 
Stephens;  Isabella  Ellen;  and  Catherine  Elizabeth. 

Mr.  Ferguson  is  interested  in  industrial  and  farming  lands  at  Port  Haney 
and  has  considerable  holdings  in  real  estate  in  Prince  Rupert  and  Vancouver. 
He  is  an  ex-president  and  an  ex-captain  of  the  Maple  Ridge  Rifle  Association, 
which  he  organized.  His  religious  views  are  in  accord  with  the  doctrines  of  the 
Presbyterian  church,  of  which  he  was  manager  for  a  long  time,  and  he  is  con- 
nected fraternally  with  King  Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  He  has 
never  been  remiss  in  the  duties  of  citizenship  but  has  always  been  watchful  of 
the  interests  pertaining  to  progress  and  advancement  and  has  given  his  co-opera- 
tion to  many  movements  for  the  public  good.  Unflagging  industry  and  unfalter- 
ing determination  have  constituted  the  basis  of  his  success,  enabling  him  as  the 
years  have  passed  to  so  conduct  his  interests  that  he  is  now  one  of  the  prosperous 
residents  of  this  community.  Since  early  times  he  has  lived  in  British  Columbia 
and  is  regarded  as  one  of  its  most  prominent  pioneers,  for  he  did  not  hesitate 
to  perform  his  part  in  the  work  of  progress  which  has  transformed  this  province 
into  a  great  and  flourishing  commonwealth. 


CHARLES  PENROD  WOODWORTH. 

Charles  Penrod  Woodworth  is  well  known  in  business  circles  of  Victoria 
as  the  founder  of  the  Woodworth  Company,  dealers  in  real  estate  and  as  a 
partner  with  P.  W.  Barrington-Foote  in  a  large  cigar  and  tobacco  business.  He 
was  born  in  Kansas  City,  Missouri,  September  17,  1883,  and  is  a  son  of  Charles 
Penrod  and  Sarah  Jane  (Williams)  Woodworth,  the  former  a  native  of  West 
Virginia  and  the  latter  of  Ohio.  Both  the  paternal  and  maternal  grandparents 


946  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

were  natives  of  the  United  States;  the  paternal  grandfather  having  been  an 
extensive  land  owner  and  a  prosperous  farmer  in  Virginia.  The  father  of 
the  subject  of  this  review  engaged  in  cotton  manufacturing  in  West  Virginia 
and  later  was  a  general  merchant  in  Kansas  City,  Missouri,  where  his  death 
occurred  in  1896  when  he  was  thirty-nine  years  of  age.  His  wife  has  also 
passed  away,  her  death  having  occurred  in  1888  when  she  had  reached  the  age 
of  twenty-six  years. 

Charles  Penrod  Woodworth  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  scnoois 
of  Kansas  City  and  in  the  Indiana  State  University  which  he  attended  for 
three  years,  leaving  in  1904.  He  afterwards  spent  seven  years  engaged  in  the 
advertising  business  in  various  parts  of  the  United  States  and  in  1912  came  to 
British  Columbia,  settling  in  Victoria,  on  May  2ist  of  that  year.  He  entered 
the  employ  of  F.  Sturgess  &  Company,  a  real-estate  dealer  here,  acting  as 
salesman  until  December,  1912,  when  he  became  connected  with  Monk  Montrith 
&  Company  as  general  agent  at  Seattle,  representing  the  West  Coast  Develop- 
ment Company.  After  a  short  period  of  residence  in  Seattle  Mr.  Woodworth 
returned  to  Victoria  and  organized  the  Woodworth  Company,  opening  offices  at 
401-2-3  Campbell  building.  This  firm  does  a  general  real-estate  business.  It 
is  connected  with  the  development  of  many  of  the  most  important  subdivisions 
in  Victoria,  including  Indianola  Park  and  Hawarden  Park.  It  also  handles 
acreage  ,  suitable  for  subdivisions.  In  addition  to  his  connection  with  the 
Woodworth  Company  Mr.  Woodworth  is  also  a  partner  with  P.  W.  Bar- 
rington-Foote  in  the  conduct  of  a  cigar  and  tobacco  business  in  the  West- 
holme  Hotel  and  his  energy  and  business  ability  made  this  enterprise  profitable 
and  important. 

Mr.  Woodworth  is  a  member  of  the  Episcopal  church  and  is  connected  fra- 
ternally with  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  He  is  fond  of 
motoring  and  boating  and  all  kinds  of  sports  and  spends  a  great  deal  of  time 
in  the  open.  A  young  man  of  energy,  resource  and  capacity,  he  has  already 
made  for  himself  a  representative  place  in  business  circles  of  the  city  where  he 
makes  his  home. 


ALEXANDER  STEWART  MONRO,  M.  D.,  C.  M. 

A  man  of  broad  scientific  attainments  in  the  field  of  his  profession  and  with 
comprehensive,  practical  knowledge  and  skill  to  serve  as  the  foundation  upon 
which  he  has  built  success,  Dr.  Alexander  Stewart  Monro  is  already  occupying 
a  position  of  distinction  in  professional  circles  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Brydon 
Jack,  Monro  &  Cumming.  The  consensus  of  public  opinion  places  them  in  the 
front  rank  and  Dr.  Monro  is  especially  well  known  as  an  eminent  surgeon. 

He  was  born  at  Rattray,  Perthshire,  Scotland,  May  i,  1872,  and  is  a  son  of 
William  and  Margaret  (Stewart)  Monro,  who  were  also  natives  of  Perthshire. 
The  father  engaged  in  the  buildling  and  contracting  business  at  Rattray  until 
1872,  when  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  the  new  world,  settling  at  Toronto,  Ontario, 
where  he  was  engaged  in  the  lumber  manufacturing  business,  remaining  there 
until  1882,  when  he  removed  westward  to  Winnipeg,  where  his  remaining  days 
were  spent,  his  death  there  occurring  in  the  same  year.  The  mother  also  died 
in  Winnipeg. 

Dr.  Monro  was  a  young  lad  when  his  parents  removed  with  their  family  to 
the  west  and  after  attending  public  and  high  schools  of  Winnipeg  he  entered  the 
Manitoba  University  in  preparation  for  a  professional  career  and  was  graduated 
from  the  medical  department  with  the  class  of  1896,  at  which  time  the  degrees 
of  M.  D.  and  C.  M.  were  conferred  upon  him.  To  theoretical  training  he  added 
the  broad  practical  experience  which  came  through  his  service  as  interne  in  the 
Winnipeg  General  Hospital,  with  which  he  was  thus  connected  for  a  year.  He 
also  spent  eight  months  in  the  Brandon  Hospital  and  then  came  to  the  western 


DR.  ALEXANDER  S.  MONRO 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  949 

country  in  December,  1896,  acting  as  surgeon  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway 
Company  at  Kamloops  for  a  year  and  a  half.  In  February,  1898,  he  arrived 
in  Vancouver,  where  he  at  once  entered  upon  active  practice,  and  has  since  suc- 
cessfully followed  his  profession,  his  skill  and  ability  increasing  as  the  years 
have  gone  by.  In  1903,  in  addition  to  his  private  practice,  he  acted  as  assistant  to 
the  noted  Chicago  surgeon,  Dr.  Alexander  Hugh  Ferguson.  He  has  ever  been 
a  close  and  discriminating  student  and  has  carried  his  researches  and  investiga- 
tion far  and  wide  into  the  realms  of  medical  and  surgical  science.  He  has  done 
considerable  post-graduate  work  abroad,  having  studied  in  London,  Vienna,  Paris 
and  other  foreign  cities,  where  he  has  gained  knowledge  of  the  methods  of 
practice  of  some  of  the  most  eminent  physicians  and  surgeons  of  the  old  world. 
He  is  now  specializing  in  surgery,  practically  giving  his  entire  attention  to  that 
branch  of  the  profession,  in  which  he  displays  notable  skill.  In  addition  to  a  large 
private  practice  he  is  acting  as  a  member  of  the  surgical  staff  of  the  Vancouver 
General  Hospital,  and  is  surgeon  to  the  Great  Northern  Railway  Company.  He 
holds  membership  in  the  North  Pacific  Surgical  Association,  the  Canadian  Med- 
ical Association,  the  Vancouver  Medical  Association,  of  which  he  was  president 
in  1910-11,  and  1,he  British  Columbia  Medical  Association,  of  which  he  was  secre- 
tary for  several  years,  while  in  1913  he  was  honored  with  the  presidency.  He  is 
also  interested  in  fruit  growing,  having  a  fine  ranch  in  the  Okanagan  valley. 

In  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  in  1900,  Dr.  Monro  was  married  to  Miss  Edith 
McCrossan,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  McCrossan,  one  of  Winnipeg's  pioneer  mer- 
chants and  an  alderman  of  that  city  in  1882.  Mrs.  Monro  is  an  accomplished 
musician,  who  has  studied  largely  in  this  country  and  also  in  Vienna.  She  is  a 
member  of  the  Vancouver  Musical  Club  and  is  well  known  as  a  harp  artist. 

While  not  an  active  worker  in  party  ranks,  Dr.  Monro  votes  with  the  liberal 
party.  He  is  well  known  in  Masonic  circles  as  a  member  of  Cascade  Lodge,  A. 
F.  &  A.  M.,  and  has  also  taken  the  degrees  of  the  Scottish  Rite.  Something  of 
the  nature  of  his  interests  and  recreation  is  shown  in  the  fact  that  he  holds  mem- 
bership .in  the  Vancouver,  University,  Terminal  City,  Jericho  Country  and  Brit- 
ish Columbia  Golf  Clubs,  while  his  life  principles  have  their  root  in  the  teachings 
of  the  Presbyterian  church,  his  membership  being  now  in  St.  Andrew's.  It  has 
been  said  of  him  that  he  meets  every  demand  of  a  successful  physician  in  his 
scientific  training  and  comprehensive  knowledge,  in  his  practical  experience,  in 
his  unfailing  courtesy  and  good  cheer.  Moreover,  he  is  ready  for  any  emergency, 
steady  nerves  and  hand  enabling  him  to  skilfully  perform  the  most  delicate  opera- 
tion. Gradually  he  has  advanced  in  his  profession  until  his  opinions  have  largely 
come  to  be  accepted  as  authority  by  other  representatives  of  the  medical  fra- 
ternity. 


LEONARD  McLEOD  GOULD. 

Victoria  numbers  among  its  valued  and  representative  citizens  and  among 
its  progressive  business  men  Leonard  McLeod  Gould,  who  since  1906  has 
been  connected  with  journalistic  interests  in  the  city  as  secretary  and  treasurer 
of  the  Week  Publishing  Company.  He  was  born  at  Repton,  Derbyshire,  Eng- 
land, July  25,  1878,  and  is  of  English  parentage,  being  a  son  of  Rev.  Joseph 
Gould,  M.  A.,  and  Frances  Mary  Grant  (Hutchinson)  Gould,  both  of  whom 
have  passed  away.  The  paternal  grandparents  of  the  subject  of  this  review 
were  natives  of  Sheffield,  England,  where  the  grandfather  had  a  large  clientage 
as  a  solicitor.  The  maternal  branch  of  the  family  is  also  of  English  origin, 
the  maternal  grandfather,  Lieutenant  Colonel  Hutchinson,  having  served  for 
many  years  in  the  Indian  army. 

Leonard  McLeod  Gould  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  school  of 
Repton  which  he  attended  from  1891  until  1897.  He  afterward  entered  Gon- 


950  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

ville  &  Caius  College,  Cambridge,  and  from  that  institution  received  his  Bach- 
elor of  Arts  degree  in  1900.  In  the  following  year  he  turned  his  attention  to 
teaching,  acting  as  schoolmaster  in  Mostyn  House  School,  Parkgate,  Cheshire, 
from  1901  until  1904.  At  the  end  of  the  latter  year  he  emigrated  to  Canada 
and  in  December  located  in  Victoria,  where  he  has  since  resided.  Two  years 
later  he  turned  his  attention  to  journalism,  becoming  connected  with  the  Week 
Publishing  Company,  Ltd.,  as  secretary,  a  capacity  in  which  he  acts  at  the 
present  time.  He  has  proved  his  possession  of  the  energy,  keen  insight  and 
fearlessness  of  conviction  necessary  for  success  in  this  field,  and  his  work  has 
been  a  helpful  element  in  the  affairs  of  the  company  and  in  the  growth  of 
the  paper  which  it  publishes. 

Mr.  Gould  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  is  a  conservative 
in  politics.  He  has  aided  in  making  the  Week  what  it  is  today — one  of  the 
best  known  journals  in  his  locality,  and  his  business  ability  and  enterprise  and 
his  progressive  spirit  have  been  important  factors  in  its  later  development. 
Mr.  Gould  is  still  a  young  man  but  is  already  well  known  in  business  circles  in 
Victoria,  and  his  many  friends  do  not  hesitate  to  predict  for  him  continued 
progress  in  his  chosen  field. 


JOHN  DOUGALL. 

John  Dougall,  living  retired  in  his  comfortable  home  at  No.  816  Cook  street, 
Victoria,  after  a  period  of  close  identification  with  the  industrial  and  business 
interests  of  the  city  extending  back  to  pioneer  times,  was  born  in  England  in 
1835.  The  father  was  a  native  of  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  while  the  mother  came 
from  England.  Both  have  passed  away,  the  father  dying  in  Victoria  in  1878, 
at  the  age  of  seventy-three,  and  the  mother  passing  away  when  the  subject  of 
this  review  was  still  a  child.  In  their  family  were  seven  children,  five  of  whom 
have  passed  away.  Those  who  survive  are:  John,  the  subject  of  this  review; 
and  George  H.,  a  retired  engineer  living  in  New  Orleans,  Louisiana. 

John  Dougall  came  to  America  from  England  with  his  parents  when  he  was 
still  a  child  and  settled  with  them  in  New  Orleans,  where  he  acquired  an  educa- 
tion. He  served  his  apprenticeship  in  the  iron  foundry  business  there  and  after 
a  time  came  to  Victoria,  spending  one  month  upon  the  journey  and  arriving  in  this 
city  in  the  spring  of  1859.  In  the  previous  year  his  father  had  brought  a  quan- 
tity of  machinery  and  equipment  to  British  Columbia  and  established  in  Vic- 
toria an  iron  foundry  in  that  portion  of  the  city  known  as  the  Indian  reserve. 
Under  the  name  of  the  Caledonian  Iron  Works  the  father  and  son  operated  this 
enterprise  for  some  time  but  when  business  conditions  in  their  province  became 
dull  the  elder  Mr.  Dougall  left  Victoria  and  settled  in  San  Francisco.  Mr.  Dougall 
of  this  review  remained  and  assumed  charge  of  the  foundry  department  of  the 
Albion  Iron  Works,  continuing  in  the  position  for  nine  years,  after  which  he 
established  himself  in  business  at  the  corner  of  Government  and  Pembroke 
streets.  Here  for  many  years  he  conducted  the  Atlas  Iron  Works,  building  up 
a  large  and  representative  patronage  and  becoming  well  known  as  a  powerful 
force  in  industrial  circles.  It  so  happened,  however,  that  Mr.  Dougall  encoun- 
tered that  change  in  industrial  conditions  felt  all  over  the  world  a  few  decades 
ago  which  practically  revolutionized  modern  methods  of  factory  operation. 
Corporations  controlling  millions  of  dollars  entered  the  field  in  competition  with 
private  owners  and  eventually  displaced  them,  Mr.  Dougall  sharing  in  the  gen- 
eral change.  He  sold  his  foundry  to  a  syndicate  at  a  good  profit  and,  leaving 
Victoria,  went  to  Vancouver,  where  he  built  a  hotel  at  the  corner  of  Cordova 
and  Abbott  streets.  This  enterprise  he  operated  successfully  for  three  years  but 
finally  disposed  of  this  also  and  in  1889  retired  from  active  life,  having  won  in 
the  course  of  a  long  and  honorable  business  career  a  fortune  sufficient  to  enable 
him  to  spend  his  declining  years  in  rest  and  comfort.  In  1890  he  returned  to 


JOHN  DOUGALL 


ROSANA  DOUGALL 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  955 

Victoria  and  erected  a  comfortable  residence  at  No.  816  Cook  street,  in  which 
he  has  lived  since  that  time. 

In  New  Orleans,  Louisiana,  Mr.  Dougall  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Rosana  Graham  and  they  became  the  parents  of  three  sons  and  two  daughters. 
Of  these  one  son,  John  Dougall,  of  Victoria,  is  living  while  the  other  children 
have  passed  away.  Mrs.  Dougall  died  April  4,  1911,  after  fifty-four  years  of  mar- 
ried life. 

Mr.  Dougall  has  been  actively  interested  in  civic  affairs  and  his  cooperation 
can  always  be  counted  upon  to  further  movements  for  municipal  progress.  He 
was  one  of  the  first  volunteers  for  the  fire  brigade,  known  as  The  Deluge  Com- 
pany, and  served  as  alderman  in  Vancouver  from  1886  to  1887.  He  was  one 
of  the  first  volunteers  in  Victoria  who  joined  the  Artillery  Corps  under  com- 
mand of  Captain  Drake  and  it  is  thought  that  he  is  the  only  surviving  member 
of  this  body.  He  is  a  devout  adherent  of  the  Presbyterian  church,  and  frater- 
nally is  identified  with  Victoria  Lodge,  No.  i,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  having  held  member- 
ship in  this  organization  since  the  first  lodge  meeting,  held  at  the  corner  of  Fort 
and  Wharf  streets.  His  entire  life  has  been  actuated  by  the  most  honorable 
principles,  his  self-reliance  and  unfaltering  industry,  combined  with  his  integrity, 
constituting  the  salient  features  in  his  success. 


THOMAS   HENDERSON   HORNE. 

Thomas  Henderson  Home,  a  real  estate  dealer  of  Victoria  and  also  pro- 
prietor of  a  feed  store,  was  born  November  7,  1865,  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland, 
his  parents  being  James  Wilson  and  Margaret  (Stafford)  Home.  The  father, 
a  graduate  of  Oxford  University,  bore  the  reputation  of  being  one  of  the 
finest  penmen  in  the  United  Kingdom  and  devoted  the  latter  part  of  his  life 
to  the  teaching  of  penmanship.  He  taught  in  the  Edinburgh  high  school,  the 
Edinburgh  Academy,  and  in  Henderson's  Academy.  Samples  of  his  writing  are 
now  in  possession  of  his  son  Thomas,  who  exhibits  them  with  a  worthy  pride, 
for  they  are  certainly  beautiful  and  so  accurate  as  to  look  almost  like  print. 
The  mother's  people  were  conriected  with  a  well  known  family,  the  Staffords 
of  Berwick-on-Tweed. 

Thomas  Henderson  Home  pursued  his  education  in  Cauvins  institution  at 
Duddingston,  Edinburgh,  a  school  where  only  the  children  of  ministers  and 
school  teachers  are  received.  It  was  in  1881,  when  a  youth  of  sixteen  years, 
that  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  Canada,  spending  three  years  in  Bruce  county, 
Ontario,  before  coming  to  Victoria  on  the  I4th  of  March,  1884.  He  was 
engaged  in  the  shingle  business  near  Nanaimo  for  several  years  but  suffered 
losses  there  through  fire,  after  which  he  accepted  the  position  of  bookkeeper 
and  manager  with  the  Victoria  Truck  &  Dray  Company,  with  which  he  was 
thus  connected  for  about  fifteen  years.  During  that  period  he  carefully  saved 
his  earnings  until  his  industry  and  economy  had  supplied  him  with  sufficient 
capital  to  enable  him  to  engage  in  business  on  his  own  account.  He  was  then 
for  eight  years  in  the  flour,  feed  and  grain  business,  selling  out  to  the  Van- 
couver Milling  &  Grain  Company  in  September,  1912.  He  has  since  been 
engaged  in  the  real-estate  business  in  Victoria  and  has  made  a  number  of 
important  purchases  and  sales,  gaining  for  himself  a  favorable  position  in 
real-estate  circles,  as  he  had  previously  done  in  his  other  business  connections. 
It  is  characteristic  of  him  that  in  every  relation  he  has  steadily  worked  his 
way  upward,  and  whatever  success  he  has  achieved  has  been  well  merited. 

On  the  I4th  of  April,  1895,  in  Victoria,  Mr.  Home  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Eliza  Mugford,  of  St.  John's,  Newfoundland,  and  unto  them  was 
born  a  son,  Stafford  Home.  On  the  27th  of  February,  1905,  Mr.  Home  was 
again  married,  his  second  union  being  with  Isabella  Bradley,  of  St.  John's, 

vol.  ni—  3  a 


956  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

Newfoundland,   and   they   have  become   the   parents   of    four   children,   Percy, 
Jack"  Douglass,  James  Wilson  and  Florence  May. 

In  politics  Mr.  Home  is  a  conservative,  believing  firmly  in  the  principles  of 
that  party,  yet  never  seeking  office.  He  belongs  to  Vancouver-Quadra  No.  2, 
F.  &  A.  M.,  and  his  religious  faith  is  indicated  in  his  membership  in  St. 
Andrews  Presbyterian  church.  He  stands  for  those  things  which  are  most 
effective  as  forces  for  the  public  good  along  the  lines  of  material,  political, 
social  and  moral  progress,  and  through  the  period  of  his  connection  with 
Victoria  has  gained  the  confidence  and  good-will  of  those  who  know  him. 


PHILLIP  OBEN. 

The  life  history  of  Phillip  Oben  is  varied  and  in  many  ways  interesting,  espe- 
cially as  concerns  Vancouver,  to  which  city  he  came  as  one  of  its  pioneers  in  1887. 
He  has  participated  in  its  development  along  various  lines,  being  one  of  its  first 
builders  and  being  later  engaged  for  a  number  of  years  in  the  grocery  business 
and  also  that  of  real  estate.  Many  and  interesting  are  the  first  incidents  which 
Mr.  Oben  experienced  when  coming  to  Vancouver.  He  now  makes  his  home  in 
Central  Park  and  is  one  of  its  most  respected  citizens. 

Phillip  Oben  was  born  on  November  15,  1856,  in  St.  Saviours  Parish,  Jersey, 
Channel  islands,  England.  His  father  had  the  same  given  name  and  was  con- 
nected with  the  army  as  captain  of  artillery.  The  mother,  who  is  today  one  of  the 
most  venerable  residents  of  Vancouver,  bore  in  her  maidenhood  the  name  of 
Elizabeth  De  St.  Croix.  Her  father  was  a  colonel  and  she  can  lay  claim  to  de- 
scent from  General  Luce,  a  well  known  British  military  leader. 

Phillip  Oben  received  his  education  in  his  native  island,  Jersey.  He  learned 
the  trade  of  plastering  and  modeling  and  upon  coming  to  Canada  was  associated 
with  his  uncle,  William  De  St.  Croix,  of  Toronto,  the  pioneer  builder  of  that  city, 
their  business  being  that  of  building  and  contracting.  They  at  that  time  had  a 
very  large  and  profitable  trade  in  the  eastern  city.  Mr.  Oben  afterward  formed 
a  partnership  with  Robert  Clark,  of  Parkdale,  with  whom  he  continued  until  he 
made  removal  to  British  Columbia. 

He  arrived  in  Vancouver  early  in  the  month  of  March,  1887.  \Ve  here  let 
Mr.  Oben  take  up  the  narrative  himself :  "I  have  forgotten  the  exact  date  of  my 
arrival.  However,  I  came  on  the  same  boat  as  Lieutenant  Governor  Dewdney, 
who  was  then  on  his  way  to  Victoria  to  enter  upon  his  office  as  lieutenant  governor 
of  British  Columbia.  The  members  of  the  civic  council  and  the  city  band  were 
at  the  wharf  to  welcome  the  governor  and  there  also  was  as  large  a  crowd  as  it 
had  been  possible  to  gather.  In  spite  of  this  cheery  welcome  my  heart  sank  when 
I  looked  at  the  site  of  Vancouver  and  saw  the  black  stumps  and  shacks  and  the 
tents  that  then  formed  the  major  portion  of  accommodation  for  the  populace. 
To  me  the  outlook  was  anything  but  encouraging.  The  governor,  who  noticed  my 
depression,  then  put  his  hand  on  my  shoulder  and  said :  'Young  man,  don't  be  dis- 
couraged. There  is  a  city  that  is  destined  to  become  a  large  commercial  center 
some  day.'  It  was  hard  to  believe  then,  but  his  words  have  since  been  fully  veri- 
fied. My  wife,  with  her  father,  Mr.  John  Grant,  had  preceded  me  by  a  few  weeks, 
as  it  was  for  the  benefit  of  her  health,  that  we  all  came  to  British  Columbia.  She 
had  already  very  much  improved  and  this  made  me  feel  more  satisfied  to  stay. 

"I  first  bought  some  lots  on  Howe  street  and  there  began  building,  I  being  the 
first  to  start  such  operations  on  that  street.  It  was  a  difficult  undertaking,  as  the 
road  had  not  been  graded,  but  through  the  efforts  of  the  late  Alderman  Humphries, 
who  interested  the  council  on  my  behalf,  the  road  was  put  in  shape  so  I  could  get 
my  material  in.  I  had  nearly  finished  two  houses  and  two  more  were  on  the  way 
when  on  June  6th  a  fire  broke  out  which  made  the  people  think  that  Vancouver 
was  once  more  going  to  be  wiped  out.  Everyone  watched  my  houses,  as  they 


PHILLIP  OBEN 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  959 

were  convinced  that  if  they  caught  fire  nothing  could  save  the  town,  as  these 
were  the  first  houses  west  of  Granville  street  and  right  in  the  path  of  the  heavy 
gale  that  was  blowing.  The  woods  at  the  back  of  the  buildings,  where  the  Cana- 
dian Pacific  had  a  large  gang  of  Chinamen  at  work  clearing  the  timber,  was  a 
seething  furnace  of  flame  and  smoke.  Fortunately  I  had  a  good  well  bored  and 
had  a  length  of  hose  with  which  we  could  keep  everything  wet  around  the  place. 
Chief  Carlisle,  of  the  fire  department,  at  the  critical  moment  sent  to  Thomas 
Dunne,  who  conducted  a  hardware  store,  and  requisitioned  a  lot  of  shovels. 
Every  man  was  then  set  to  work  to  dig  up  the  ground  as  if  his  life  depended  on 
it,  so  as  to  stop  the  fire  from  spreading  as  much  as  possible.  However,  as  the 
ground  was  thickly  strewn  with  thick,  resinous  pieces  of  fir  and  dry  cedar,  these 
would  be  caught  up  by  the  wind  and  then  dropped  blazing  in  other  places  and 
start  fresh  fires.  Mr.  Abbott,  the  divisional  superintendent  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific,  placed  a  car  at  the  disposal  of  any  who  might  wish  to  leave  town  and  it 
was  quickly  filled  with  people.  I  placed  my  wife,  her  parents  and  brother  on 
board  and  then  returned  to  try  to  save  my  buildings  as  best  I  could.  After  mid- 
night the  wind  went  down  and  gradually  the  danger  passed,  but  everyone  was 
exhausted  and  half  blinded  with  the  sand.  When  my  wife  returned  from  the  train 
in  the  morning  she  found  me  under  the  house,  not  able  to  see,  as  my  eyes  and 
face  were  so  swollen.  However,  we  were  very  thankful  that  our  houses  did  not 
burn  down.  I  then  finished  them  and  sold  them,  moving  from  there  to  the  corner 
of  Georgia  and  Jervis  streets,  which  was  then  in  the  woods.  Soon  afterward  I 
took  a  contract  for  clearing  the  Morton  estate  from  Nicola  street  to  Park  road. 
I  next  built  some  more  houses,  and  as  at  this  time  the  waterworks  company  were 
laying  the  water  in,  and  not  having  anything  else  to  do,  I  engaged  with  them.  As 
it  was  desirable  to  discover  where  the  source  of  the  Capilano  water  was,  I  was 
chosen  to  go  up  and  try  to  locate  it.  I  took  two  Indian  guides  with  me,  one  of 
them  old  Chief  Capilano,  who  was  drowned  only  a  few  years  ago  in  the  Nar- 
rows. I  have  forgotten  the  name  of  the  other  Indian.  We  started  from  the  mis- 
sion at  North  Vancouver  and  went  into  the  mountains,  camping  the  first  night 
in  about  eight  feet  of  snow.  It  was  cold,  although  it  was  the  month  of  June  and 
fine  and  warm  in  the  town.  I  took  an  aneroid  with  me  to  take  notes  of  the  heights 
which  we  scaled,  but  unfortunately  these  notes  which  I  set  down  have  been 
either  lost  or  mislaid.  I  forget  at  what  height  we  found  the  lake  from  which 
the  water  came,  but  judge  it  about  one  thousand  and  eight  hundred  feet.  The 
sheet  was  not  very  large — about  the  size  of  Trout  lake.  We  then  descended  on 
the  other  side  of  the  mountains,  emerging  on  Plowe  Sound.  By  this  time  our 
provisions  had  given  out,  as  we  had  been  away  longer  than  we  had  expected. 
We  were  very  wet  and  hungry,  as  it  was  raining  tremendously,  but  we  fortu- 
nately then  came  across  a  small  house  where  there  was  a  man  and  his  family,  who 
gave  us  food  and  directed  us  to  a  place  where  we  stopped  over  the  night.  The 
next  day  we  borrowed  from  him  a  boat  so  we  could  return  to  Vancouver.  Chief 
Capilano  told  me  that  I  was  the  first  white  man  whom  he  had  ever  known  to  go 
over  the  mountains  then. 

"I  worked  a  short  time  longer  with  the  water  company  and  then  again  re- 
turned to  building,  erecting  a  house  on  Pender  street,  but  as  the  financial  depres- 
sion set  in,  carrying  with  it  everything  to  the  bottom,  I  lost  all  the  money  I  made. 
At  that  time  the  provincial  government  opened  up  the  lands  at  Central  Park, 
dividing  them  into  small  holdings,  and  I  succeeded  in  securing  one  of  these  and 
came  out  into  the  woods  to  make  a  fresh  start.  Clearing  my  place  and  putting 
it  under  cultivation  as  fast  as  possible,  I  opened  after  a  while  a  small  grocery 
store,  which  I  conducted  for  nine  years  and  then  sold.  After  having  been  out  of 
business  for  about  a  year  I  moved  nearer  to  the  British  Columbia  electric  rail- 
way station,  where  I  established  another  store,  which  I  conducted  for  four  years 
and  ten  months  and  which  I  have  recently  sold  out.  In  connection  with  the  store 
I  was  engaged  in  the  real-estate  business  and  still  continue  along  that  line."  Mr. 
Oben  is  at  present  removing  to  his  old  place  in  South  Vancouver,  where  he 
expects  to  make  his  home. 


960 

On  June  15,  1882,  in  the  Church  of  the  Redeemer  at  Toronto,  Mr.  Oben  was 
united  in  marriage  by  the  Rev.  Septimus  Jones  to  Miss  Florence  Edith  Grant,  a 
daughter  of  John  Grant,  whose  occupation  was  that  of  carpenter  and  builder. 
The  father  died  about  ten  years  ago,  and  there  is  only  her  mother  and  one  brother 
now  living.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Oben  have  one  son,  Albert  Roy,  who  as  a  student  at 
Columbia  University  is  preparing  himself  for  a  legal  career. 

In  his  political  affiliations  Mr.  Oben  is  a  conservative  and  an  imperialist. 
Fraternally  he  is  Odd  Fellow,  which  society  he  joined  in  Toronto.  He  also  is 
a  member  of  the  Canadian  Foresters  and  the  Loyal  Order  of  Orangemen,  having 
joined  these  organizations  in  Central  Park. 

A  family  event  of  rare  occurrence  was  celebrated  by  the  Oben  family  on 
Thursday,  July  10,  1913,  when  a  large  number  of  them  came  together  at  the 
home  of  Mr.  Oben's  sister,  Mrs.  Peter  Dubois,  at  the  corner  of  Park  avenue  and 
Imperial  street,  to  celebrate  the  eighty-ninth  birthday  anniversary  of  Mrs.  Eliza- 
beth Oben,  the  mother  of  our  subject.  Mrs.  Oben,  as  her  son,  is  also  one  of  the 
early  Vancouver  pioneers,  having  arrived  here  in  July,  1887.  She  lived  in  Van- 
couver city  for  a  time  and  then  moved  to  Central  Park,  where  she  has  now  con- 
tinuously resided  for  nineteen  years.  She  is  a  native  of  Jersey,  Channel  islands, 
whence  she  came  to  the  city  of  Toronto.  At  this  remarkable  gathering  were 
represented  four  generations,  two  sons — Phillip,  our  subject,  of  Central  Park, 
and  John  Oben,  of  Long  Beach,  California — and  two  of  her  daughters — Mrs. 
John  Scott,  of  Collingwood  East,  and  Mrs.  Peter  Dubois,  of  Central  Park.  Grand- 
children and  great-grandchildren  were  present  at  the  celebration.  Mr.  Oben  has 
a  brother  in  Toronto,  Frank,  who  is  an  artist,  being  a  most  celebrated  modeler. 
John,  a  step-brother,  is  a  builder  of  Toronto. 

Mr.  Oben  is  highly  honored  and  respected  in  the  community  of  which  he  has 
so  long  been  a  resident.  Having  actively  participated  along  various  lines  in  its 
upbuilding,  his  services  have  been  of  practical  value  in  the  development  of  this 
section  and  the  province  at  large.  He  is  a  public-spirited  and  loyal  citizen  in  the 
best  sense  of  the  word,  and  although  he  has  never  actively  participated  in  public 
life,  he  is  ever  ready  to  give  his  support  to  worthy  enterprises  which  are  under- 
taken in  the  interests  of  the  people. 


VERY  REV.  ALEXANDER  JOHN  DOULL. 

Among  the  English  clergy  of  British  Columbia  there  is  none  more  widely 
known  or  more  beloved  than  the  Very  Rev.  Alexander  John  Doull,  dean  of 
Columbia  and  rector  of  Christ  church  cathedral.  Largely  through  his  vigorous 
efforts,  the  church  has  received  a  new  impetus  in  the  province  and  especially 
in  Victoria,  and  it  is  he  who  has  been  largely  instrumental  in  bringing  to  a  point 
the  plans  for  the  building  of  a  large  and  beautiful  new  cathedral. 

Alexander  John  Doull  was  born  September  8,  1870,  in  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia, 
a  son  of  Alexander  Keith  and  Mary  Helen  (MacKay)  Doull.  The  father  was 
a  partner  in  the  firm  of  Doull  &  Miller,  drygoods  merchants  of  Halifax,  Nova 
Scotia,  and  one  of  the  oldest  wholesale  houses  of  that  province.  However,  the 
firm  is  no  longer  in  existence.  ,The  father  was  a  passenger  in  1870  on  the  liner 
City  of  Boston,  bound  from  Halifax  to  Liverpool,  carrying  many  representative 
Halifax  business  men.  This  was  an  unfortunate  vessel  which  was  never  seen 
again  nor  heard  of.  The  paternal  grandparents  were  natives  of  Caithness,  Scot- 
land, early  in  life  emigrating  to  Nova  Scotia,  where  the  father  engaged  in  the 
shipping  business  and  also  in  agricultural  pursuits.  The  maternal  grandparents 
were  also  natives  of  the  land  of  hills  and  heather,  who  had  first  settled  in  New 
Brunswick  but  later  in  Nova  Scotia,  where  the  grandfather  was  engaged  in  the 
lumber  business. 

Alexander  J.  Doull  obtained  his  early  education  in  Pictou  Academy,  Pictou, 
Nova  Scotia,  and  in  the  private  schools  in  Brighton,  England.  In  1885  he  entered 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  961 


Merchiston  Castle  School,  of  Edinburgh,  remaining  there  until  1889.  I*1 
he  matriculated  in  Orier  College,  Oxford,  receiving  the  degree  of  B.  A.,  in  1894 
and  the  M.  A.  degree  in  1897.  He  became  a  clerk  in  holy  orders,  being  ordained 
deacon  in  1896.  In  1898  he  was  priested  by  the  Right  Reverend  W.  Boyd  Car- 
penter, Lord  Bishop  of  Ripon.  He  was  assistant  curate  at  Leeds  parish  church, 
Leeds,  Yorkshire,  England,  from  1896  to  1899;  assistant  curate  at  the  Church  of 
the  Advent,  Westmount,  Montreal,  Quebec,  from  1899  to  1901  ;  rector  of  the 
Church  of  the  Advent,  Westmount,  Montreal,  from  1901  to  1910.  In  May, 
1910,  Rev.  Doull  received  his  appointment  as  rector  of  Christ  church  cathedral  at 
Victoria,  British  Columbia,  and  in  June,  1910,  became  dean  of  Columbia.  In 
1913  he  was  appointed  examining  chaplain  to  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Columbia  and 
in  the  same  year  became  commissary  to  his  lordship.  Besides  much  other  efficient 
work  Rev.  Doull  was  largely  instrumental  in  having  St.  Mary's  church,  at  Oak 
Bay,  Victoria,  erected. 

On  July  2,  1901,  Very  Rev.  Doull  married,  in  Westmount,  Montreal,  Miss 
Margaret  Gertrude  Cundill,  a  daughter  of  Francis  and  Emma  Harvey  (Park- 
inson) Cundill.  Her  father  was  a  native  of  Yorkshire,  England,  emigrating  to 
Canada  in  the  '6os  and  engaging  successfully  in  the  commission  business  in  Mon- 
treal. He  is  deceased.  The  mother  is  a  native  of  Lancashire,  England.  Rev. 
and  Mrs.  Doull  have  four  children  :  Mary  Frances  Gertrude,  Alexander  Keith, 
Margaret  Dorothea  Cundill  and  Harriet  Evelyn  Amy.  Mrs.  Doull  is  widely 
known  socially  and  is  connected  with  numerous  charitable  institutions.  She  is 
vice  president  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  and  serves  on  the  committee  of  the 
Alexandra  Club.  She  also  is  president  of  the  Girls  Friendly  Society. 

Rev.  Doull  is  one  of  those  rare  men  who  can  interest  themselves  in  many 
fields  and  in  all  of  them  be  remarkable  figures.  He  has  done  far-reaching  work 
as  chairman  of  the  committee  on  morals  and  is  closely  identified  with  all  move- 
ments toward  the  uplifting  of  humanity  and  the  bettering  of  the  condition  of 
those  in  distress,  being  ably  supported  in  this  work  by  his  wife.  On  the  other 
hand,  he  is  fond  of  outdoor  sports  and  is  an  enthusiast  on  golf.  He  is  also  vice 
president  of  the  Amateur  Dramatic  Society  of  Victoria.  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Doull 
reside  at  No.  852  Burdette  avenue,  where  the  cathedral  and  rectory  are  located. 
Largely  through  the  incentive  of  Mr.  Doull  arrangements  are  now  being  made  for 
the  erection  of  a  new  Christ  church  cathedral,  the  plans  calling  for  a  most  capacious 
and  beautiful  structure.  The  work  of  the  church  has  greatly  benefited  through 
the  efforts  of  Mr.  Doull,  who  gives  himself  to  his  duties  with  all  his  heart.  A 
leader  of  men,  he  is  not  only  foremost  in  his  church,  but  one  of  the  men  prom- 
inent in  the  city  because  of  his  influence  in  bringing  about  betterment  and  improve- 
ment, and  his  work  so  far  has  been  crowned  with  a  success  quite  extraordinary. 


LEON  JOHN  CAMSUSA. 

Leon  John  Camsusa,  partner  in  the  concern  well  known  for  many  years 
in  Victoria  under  the  name  of  Peter  McQuade  &  Son  and  general  manager 
of  the  important  business  it  controls,  is  numbered  among  the  leading  business 
men  of  the  city,  his  enterprise,  ability  and  ambition  having  won  him  high 
standing  in  commercial  life.  He  was  born  here  June  14,  1878,  and  is  a  son 
of  Michael  arid  Margaret  Camsusa,  the  former  the  founder  of  the  large  whole- 
sale liquor  house  now  operated  under  the  name  of  Pither  &  Leiser.  Mr. 
Camsusa  is  a  nephew  of  Mrs.  Edward  A.  McQuade,  widow  of  E.  A.  McQuade, 
who  died  in  1891  and  who  during  his  active  life  was  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  Peter  McQuade  &  Son. 

Leon  J.  Camsusa  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Vic- 
toria and  afterward  attended  St.  Louis  College  in  that  city.  After  his  grad- 
uation he  entered  the  employ  of  Peter  McQuade  &  Son  and  his  ability  and 
energy  gained  him  rapid  promotion.  He  rose  steadily  through  the  various 


962  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

departments,  learning  the  business  in  principle  and  detail,  and  finally,  in  1911, 
he  bought  out  the  interests  of  the  heirs  of  Peter  McQuade.  Shortly  afterward 
he  admitted  William  Christie  and  Arthur  H.  Peatt  into  the  concern  and  the 
three  are  now  equal  partners,  retaining,  however,  the  old  name  of  Peter  McQuade 
&  Son.  They  are  hardware  merchants,  marine  agents,  ship-chandlers,  dealers 
in  steamboat,  mill,  mining,  logging  and  fishermen's  supplies  and  in  paints, 
oils  and  varnish,  and  they  control  an  extensive  business  along  all  of  these 
lines.  The  concern  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  reliable  of  its  kind  in  Brit- 
ish Columbia  and  bears  an  enviable  reputation  for  high  business  standards  and 
commercial  integrity.  It  was  founded  upon  principles  of  honor  and  straight- 
forward dealing  and  its  present  owners  have  never  deviated  from  this  policy, 
so  that  the  enterprise  has  had  a  rapid  and  steady  growth  through  the  years, 
being  today  an  important  factor  in  the  commercial  life  of  the  city.  Mr.  Cam- 
susa's  energy  and  activity  have  had  much  to  do  with  the  accomplishment  of 
this  happy  result,  for  he  has  been  connected  with  the  business  during  the 
entire  period  of  his  active  life  and  since  becoming  part  owner  has  displayed 
unusual  administrative  ability  and  initiative  in  carrying  forward  his  interests. 

On  the  1 2th  of  October,  1905,  in  Victoria,  Mr.  Camsusa  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Christina  Lodge,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Mary  Lodge, 
the  former  a  mining  engineer.  He  was  an  officer  in  the  British  army,  stationed 
at  Gibraltar  for  many  years,  and  after  he  was  pensioned  he  came  to  British 
Columbia,  where  he  has  since  resided.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Camsusa  are  the  parents 
of  a  daughter,  Beatrice  Bernadina. 

Mr.  Camsusa  is  a  member  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church  and  a  conserva- 
tive in  his  political  beliefs.  He  belongs  to  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Colum- 
bia and  the  Pacific  Club  and  is  well  and  favorably  known  in  social  circles  of 
Victoria.  He  is  respected  as  an  upright  man  and  a  public-spirited  citizen  and  as 
an  energetic  and  capable  man  of  business,  who  has  always  contributed  to  the 
extent  of  his  ability  to  the  upbuilding  of  the  enterprise  with  which  he  has  been 
connected  during  the  entire  period  of  his  active  career. 


HENRY   BONSALL. 

Henry  Bonsall  has  for  practically  thirty  years  been  engaged  in  diversified 
farming  and  dairying  four  miles  from  Chemainus,  where  he  owns  a  farm  of  two 
hundred  and  fifty  acres.  He  is  a  native  of  England,  born  in  Derbyshire  on  the 
ist  of  May,  1846,  and  is  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth  Bonsall. 

The  early  years  in  the  life  of  Henry  Bonsall  were  passed  in  the  parental  home, 
his  education  being  obtained  in  the  national  schools.  The  son  of  a  farmer  he 
early  became  familiar  with  the  duties  of  an  agriculturist  and  after  leaving  school 
he  assisted  an  uncle  with  the  cultivation  of  the  home  place  until  he  was  twenty- 
two  years  of  age.  Having  decided  upon  a  career  in  the  colonies,  he,  in  1868,  took 
passage  for  British  Columbia,  with  Victoria  as  his  destination.  He  made  the 
journey  by  way  of  Panama  and  San  Francisco,  and  after  his  arrival  at  Victoria 
came  to  Maple  Bay,  where  he  obtained  employment  as  a  farm  hand,  continuing 
as  such  for  about  three  years.  In  1871  he  bought  one  hundred  acres  of  land 
at  Maple  Bay,  which  he  cultivated  until  1883,  when  he  bought  his  present  hold- 
ing, comprising  two  hundred  and  fifty  acres,  to  the  improvement  of  which  he 
has  given  his  whole  attention  ever  since.  He  erected  such  buildings  as  were 
needed  on  the  place  and  then  began  preparing  his  land  for  cultivation,  clearing  it 
by  hand.  He  has  a  fine  large  herd  of  Holstein  cattle  and  in  connection  with 
diversified  farming  engages  in  dairying,  and  has  met  with  a  good  measure  of  suc- 
cess in  both.  Almost  his  entire  tract  is  now  under  cultivation,  and  his  fields 
which  have  been  brought  to  a  high  state  of  productivity,  annually  yield  abundant 
harvests.  As  his  circumstances  have  permitted  he  has  enhanced  the  value  of 


w 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  965 

his  farm  by  the  erection  of  modern  buildings  and  has  made  other  improvements 
about  the  place. 

In  March,  1875,  Mr.  Bonsall  was  married  to  Miss  Annie  Botterill,  of  Cowichan, 
and  to  them  were  born  fifteen  children :  Thomas  Henry,  Ferdinand,  Daisy  Mary, 
Leonard,  Eliza,  Samuel,  Effie,  Vera,  Bessie,  Benjamin,  .Marjorie,  Dorothy,  Harold, 
Thelma  and  Stanley.  Mrs.  Bonsall  is  a  daughter  of  Mathew  and  Mary  (Peacock) 
Botterill  who  early  in  their  lives  immigrated  into  Canada  and  settled  at  Bowman- 
ville,  Ontario,  where  Mrs.  Bonsall  was  born.  The  parents  removed  to  British 
Columbia  among  its  earliest  pioneers  and  in  this  province  the  father  first  made 
his  way  to  the  Cariboo  district,  where  he  remained  for  a  short  time.  He  then 
proceeded  to  Victoria,  where  with  a  Mr.  Reynolds  he  engaged  in  the  butcher 
business,  continuing  for  several  years  in  conducting  a  meat  market.  Moving  to 
Cowichan,  he  bought  a  farm,  to  the  .cultivation  of  which  he  gave  his  attention  for 
a  few  years,  but  later  sold  out  and  lived  for  several  years  retired  in  Victoria. 
Idleness,  however,  was  foreign  to  his  nature  and  he  therefore  bought  another 
farm  at  Maple  Bay,  which  he  sold  about  1906,  again  removing  to  Victoria,  where 
he  now  lives  retired  in  the  enjoyment  of  a  comfortable  competence  and  hale  and 
hearty  in  body  and  mind  at  an  age  of  over  eighty  years.  His  wife  passed  away 
in  Maple  Bay,  in  1900,  at  the  age  of  sixty-five  years. 

Mr.  Bonsall  has  by  hard  work,  intelligent  management  and  modern  methods 
become  one  of  the  most  prosperous  agriculturists  of  his  locality.  Working  steadily 
early  and  late,  he  has  reached  that  estate  in  men's  affairs  which  we  call  success, 
and  the  success  is  in  his  case  well  merited,  for  it  is  the  outward  evidence  of 
earnest  and  persistent  effort.  Mr.  Bonsall  is  interested  in  all  that  makes  for 
progress  and  advancement,  especially  along  agricultural  lines,  and  is  ever  ready 
to  give  his  support  to  worthy  public  enterprises.  Although  he  has  never  cared 
to  enter  public  office,  his  influence  has  been  for  good  in  his  district  and  he  is 
highly  esteemed  as  a  man  who  has  not  only  wrought  for  himself  but  has  helped 
to  change  pioneer  conditions  into  the  present  prosperous  state  of  affairs.  He  has 
assisted  in  clearing  the  path  for  civilization  and  therefore  is  entitled  to  the  thanks 
of  a  younger  generation,  for  whom  the  conditions  of  life  have  been  made  so 
much  easier  and  so  much  more  comfortable  by  the  strenuous  work  of  such 
pioneers  as  Henry  Bonsall. 


DAVID  SPRAGGE  TAIT. 

Enterprise,  knowledge  and  ability  combined  with  a  progressive  and  modern 
spirit  have  won  for  David  Spragge  Tait  distinction  and  honor  at  the  bar,  and 
in  a  profession  where  success  comes  only  in  recognition  of  superior  merit  and 
ability  he  has  made  steady  and  rapid  advancement,  standing  today  among  the 
prominent  and  leading  barristers  of  Victoria,  where  he  makes  his  home.  As  a 
member  of  the  firm  of  Tait,  Brandon  &  Hall  he  is  connected  with  much  of  the 
important  litigation  held  in  the  courts  of  the  district  and  the  work  he  has  already 
accomplished  is  a  guaranty  of  continued  progress  and  greater  honors  in  his  chosen 
field.  He  was  born  in  Hastings  county,  Ontario,  December  n,  1878,  and  is  a  son 
of  Leonard  and  Agnes  Tait,  the  former  one  of  the  most  prominent  public  men 
of  Victoria,  where  as  president  of  the  Conservative  Association,  he  holds  a  posi- 
tion of  great  power  and  influence  in  political  circles.  Although  he  has  never 
sought  office  for  himself  he  has  been  the  virtual  head  of  the  local  conservative  or- 
ganization for  many  years  and  has  led  and  won  many  a  hotly  contested  political 
campaign,  his  influence  being  always  on  the  side  of  right,  reform  and  progress 
and  his  name  standing  for  political  integrity,  ability  and  constructive  states- 
manship. 

David  Spragge  Tait  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Ontario  and  Victoria,  graduating  from  high  school  in  the  latter,  city  in  1893. 
For  six  years  thereafter  he  taught  in  various  parts  of  British  Columbia  includ- 


966  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

ing  Victoria,  and  he  made  rapid  advancement  in  this  field  of  labor,  becoming 
principal  of  the  schools  of  Rossland  and  a  force  in  educational  circles  in  that 
part  of  the  province.  Having  determined  to  practice  law  he  took  up  the  study 
of  this  profession  and  in  1907  was  called  to  the  bar,  opening  an  office  in  Victoria 
in  the  same  year.  For  a  time  he  engaged  in  practice  alone  but  in  1910  associated 
himself  with  J.  S.  Brandon  under  the  firm  name  of  Tait  &  Brandon.  They 
continued  thus  until  1911  when  H.  C.  Hall  was  admitted  into  partnership,  the 
name  being  changed  to  its  present  form  of  Tait,  Brandon  &  Hall.  Although 
this  is  a  comparatively  young  firm  it  is  one  of  the  strongest  in  Victoria  today, 
conducting  the  largest  law  offices  in  the  city  and  controlling  a  growing  and  repre- 
sentative practice,  connecting  its  members  with  a  great  deal  of  important  liti- 
gation. The  firm  engages  in  the  general  practice  of  law  but  Mr.  Tait,  person- 
ally, makes  a  specialty  of  corporation  work,  handling  suits  of  all  kinds.  He 
is  a  resourceful,  versatile  and  able  practitioner,  well  versed  in  the  underlying 
principles  of  his  profession  and  possessed  of  the  ability  and  force  of  personality 
necessary  to  make  his  knowledge  effective  in  court.  A  thoroughly  modern, 
broad-minded  and  progressive  man,  he  keeps  in  touch  with  the  trend  of  present 
day  advancement  along  all  lines  and  success  has  followed  naturally — a  success  not 
confined  to  the  field  of  his  profession  but  extending  to  many  different  lines  of 
financial  and  general  business  activity.  Thus  it  follows  that  Mr.  Tait  is  con- 
sidered not  only  one  of  the  leading  attorneys  of  Victoria  but  also  one  of  the 
city's  most  prominent  capitalists  and  meri  of  affairs,  and  his  success  in  business 
forms  another  phase  of  his  important  work  and  accomplishments.  He  is  con- 
nected through  investment  or  official  service  with  a  great  many  of  the  leading 
business  concerns  of  the  city  and  he  is  in  addition  a  large  holder  of  Victoria  real 
estate. 

In  Victoria,  on  the  ist  of  January,  1912,  Mr.  Tait  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Emily  M.  Johnston,  a  daughter  of  the  late  William  Johnston,  and  a 
representative  of  one  of  the  well  known  Irish  families  of  the  city.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Tait  are  well  known  socially  in  Victoria  and  they  have  made  their  home 
the  center  of  a  charming  circle  of  friends. 

Mr.  Tait  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  as  a 
progressive  and  public-spirited  citizen  takes  an  intelligent  interest  in  public 
affairs  although  this  never  takes  the  form  of  office  seeking.  A  firm  believer 
in  the  value  of  health  and  perfect  physical  efficiency  he  has  for  many  years  taken 
an  active  part  in  local  amateur  athletics,  serving  as  president  of  the  Victoria 
branch  of  the  British  Columbia  Amateur  Athletic  Union  for  some  time,  and 
also  as  president  of  the  Victoria  West  Athletic  Association.  He  belongs  to  the 
Pacific  and  the  Camosun  clubs  and  is  a  man  whose  popularity  in  social,  profes- 
sional and  business  circles  is  founded  upon  genuine  personal  worth  and  sterling 
qualities  of  mind  and  character.  He  commands  the  esteem,  confidence  and  warm 
regard  of  all  who  come  in  contact  with  him,  and  in  his  personal  character,  his 
high  professional  attainments  and  his  standards  of  citizenship  is  a  credit  to  a 
name  which  has  long  been  an  honored  one  in  British  Columbia. 


WILLIAM  ISAAC  GOODWIN. 

William  Isaac  Goodwin  was  for  a  number  of  years  successfully  engaged  in 
the  real-estate  and  financial  brokerage  business  as  secretary  and  treasurer  of 
W.  J.  Kerr,  Limited,  of  New  Westminster,  but  in  1912  retired  from  active  busi- 
ness life  and  has  since  given  his  attention  merely  to  the  supervision  of  his 
personal  interests.  His  birth  occurred  in  Baie  Verte,  Westmoreland  county,  New 
Brunswick,  on  the  2d  of  February,  1861,  his  parents  being  Cyrus  N.  and  Eliza- 
beth (Wells)  Goodwin.  The  first  representatives  of  the  family  in  North  America 
emigrated  to  this  continent  in  the  colonial  era,  sailing  from  the  west  coast  of 
England  to  New  York,  where  they  resided  until  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolutionary 


WILLIAM  I.  GOODWIN 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  969 

war.  The  grandfather,  a  United  Empire  Loyalist,  then  crossed  the  border  into 
Canada,  locating  in  Westmoreland  county,  New  Brunswick,  where  he  followed 
farming  throughout  the  remainder  of  his  life.  Cyrus  N.  Goodwin,  who  was  born 
and  reared  on  the  old  homestead  at  Baie  Verte,  there  devoted  his  attention  to 
general  agricultural  pursuits  throughout  his  entire  business  career.  His  demise 
occurred  in  1892. 

William  I.  Goodwin  acquired  his  education  in  the  schools  of  Baie  Verte 
and  Sackville,  New  Brunswick,  and  when  a  young  man  of  nineteen  years  took 
up  the  profession  of  teaching,  acting  as  an  instructor  in  the  district  schools  of 
Westmoreland,  Kings  and  Carleton  counties,  New  Brunswick,  until  1894.  In 
that  year  he  took  up  his  abode  in  Sackville,  New  Brunswick,  and  there  turned 
his  attention  to  mercantile  pursuits,  dealing  in  stationery,  school  supplies,  etc., 
until  1907.  He  then  came  to  British  Columbia  and  located  first  in  Vancouver 
but  a  year  later  removed  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  embarked  in  the  real- 
estate  and  financial  brokerage  business  as  secretary  and  treasurer  of  W.  J.  Kerr, 
Limited,  one  of  the  largest  real-estate  concerns  of  the  city.  In  1912  he  severed 
his  connection  with  the  enterprise  and  retired  from  active  business  life  to  look 
after  his  personal  interests.  He  has  various  financial  interests  and  is  a  director 
in  the  recently  organized  Vancouver  Life,  Limited,  a  life  insurance  company. 
His  business  affairs  have  been  carefully  and  ably  conducted,  bringing  to  him  a 
gratifying  measure  of  success  and  gaining  him  a  position  among  the  substantial 
and  representative  citizens  of  the  province. 

On  the  25th  of  December,  1889,  Mr.  Goodwin  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Lizzie  Estey,  of  Wicklow,  Carleton  county,  New  Brunswick,  her  father 
being  Theodore  H.  Estey,  an  agriculturist  of  that  county.  They  have  become 
the  parents  of  three  children,  as  follows:  Clive  M.,  who  is  now  engaged  in  the 
electrical  business  in  New  Westminster;  Margaret  C,  and  Theodore  Howard. 

In  politics  Mr.  Goodwin  is  a  conservative,  though  not  active  in  the  ranks  of 
the  party.  During  the  period  of  his  residence  in  Sackville,  however,  he  was  an 
active  factor  in  civic  life  and  for  three  years  served  as  alderman  of  the  city.  He 
belongs  to  the  Royal  Arcanum  of  Sackville  and  is  also  a  devoted  member  of  the 
Methodist  church.  Kind,  genial  and  hospitable,  he  has  won  many  friends  and 
is  held  in  high  regard  in  business  and  social  circles. 


WALTER  MOBERLY,  C.  E. 

One  of  the  most  memorable  figures  in  British  Columbia  today  is  Walter 
Moberly,  of  Vancouver.  >  His  name  has  been  indelibly  engraven  upon  the  tablets 
of  the  history  of  the  province  and  he  is  today  probably  the  oldest  pioneer  of 
the  Eraser  river  mine  excitement  of  1857-8.  He  was  the  first  professional 
engineer  to  make  explorations  in  British  Columbia — largely  at  his  own  expense. 
He  was  one  of  the  earliest  pathfinders  of  the  province.  He  constructed  a 
number  of  the  early  wagon  roads,  principal  among  them,  the  Cariboo.  He 
was  the  founder  of  New  Westminster.  It  was  he  who  first  conceived  the 
idea  of  a  great  transcontinental  railroad  and  it  was  he  who  found  the  Eagle 
Pass  which  made  feasible  the  building  of  the  Canadian  Pacific.  Innumerable 
are  his  achievements  and  largely  were  they  accomplished  by  heavy  sacrifices 
on  his  part,  as  he  ever  placed  his  knowledge  and  means  at  the  disposal  of  the 
general  good,  no  thought  of  private  gain  ever  entering  his  being.  He  set  out 
to  discover  a  practicable  line  through  the  mountains  of  British  Columbia  and 
to  find  the  best  western  terminal  point  on  the  Pacific  coast,  there  to  build  a 
large  commercial  city.  He  accomplished  his  objects.  He  found  the  way  for 
the  railroad  and  the  best  commercial  line  to  adopt.  He  selected  as  the  western 
terminal  point  Burrard  Inlet  and  the  large  commercial  city  which  he  had  in 
view  is  Vancouver.  The  transcontinental  railway  he  proposed  is  the  Canadian 
Pacific. 


970  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

Walter  Moberly  is  the  second  son  of  the  late  Post  Captain  John  Moberly, 
of  the  Royal  Navy,  and  his  wife  Mary,  a  Polish  lady.  He  was  born  on  the 
1 5th  of  August,  1832,  in  Steeple  Ashton,  Oxfordshire,  England.  Mr.  Mober- 
ly's  family  went  to  Canada  in  1834  and  resided  for  several  years  on  the  military 
reserve  at  Penetanguishene,  where  he  and  his  elder  brother  George  received 
their  early  education  from  a  soldier  in  a  detachment  of  the  British  army  then 
stationed  at  Penetanguishene.  When  twelve  years  of  age  he  and  his  brother 
George  were  sent  as  board  pupils  to  the  Barrie  grammar  school,  of  which 
Frederick  Gore,  who  was  educated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  was  the  first 
headmaster.  Captain  Moberly  and  the  late  Senator  James  Robert  Gowan, 
of  Barrie,  were  the  founders  of  that  school.  Mr.  Moberly  studied  for  five 
years  at  the  Barrie  grammar  school  and  soon  after  his  father's  death  went  to 
Toronto  to  study  his  profession  with  the  well  known  firm  of  civil  engineers 
and  architects,  Messrs,  Frederic  William  Cumberland  and  William  George 
Storm,  with  whom  he  remained  for  several  years  as  a  pupil  and  subsequently 
as  their  principal  assistant.  The  firm  had  a  very  extensive  architectural  busi- 
ness and  the  St.  James  Cathedral,  the  Normal  and  Model  schools,  the  Uni- 
versity of  Toronto  and  innumerable  other  public  and  private  buildings  in 
various  places  in  Ontario  were  designed  by  them.  Mr.  Cumberland  was  chief 
engineer  oi  the  Northern  Railway,  which  connects  Toronto  with  Barrie,  Col- 
lingwood,  Penetanguishene,  Crillia  and  Gravenhurst,  and  on  that  railway  Mr. 
Moberly  had  his  earliest  education  as  a  railway  engineer. 

During  his  holidays  Mr.  Moberly  spent  his  time  in  exploring  the  country 
west  of  Lake  Simcoe  and  north  of  Lakes  Huron  and  Superior.  His  first  explo- 
ration was  made  in  1850,  when  he  noticed  the  large  forests  of  white  pine  and 
other  timber  that  grew  in  that  section  of  the  country.  In  the  year  1854  he 
secured  the  most  available  and  valuable  portions  of  those  forests  by  taking  up 
some  fifteen  hundred  square  miles  of  timber  limits  between  Lake  Couchiching 
and  the  Michipicoten  river.  To  develop  those  timber  limits  he  projected  a 
railway  extension  westerly  of  the  Ontario  Railway  system,  which  he  then 
thought  could  ultimately  be  extended  as  far  west  as  the  Red  River,  in  the  prov- 
ince of  Manitoba.  At  the  end  of  the  year  1857  he  completed  his  explorations 
and  had  satisfied  himself  regarding  the  feasibility  of  obtaining  a  line  suitable 
for  railway  construction  through  this  section  of  the  country  and  on  returning 
to  Toronto  at  that  time  he  learned  that  the  Imperial  government  had  sent  out 
an  expedition  under  the  command  of  Captain  Palliser  to  explore  British  terri- 
tory between  Lake  Superior  and  the  Pacific  coast  and  at  the  same  time  he 
learned  that  very  rich  deposits  of  gold  had  been  discovered  in  the  valley  of 
the  Fraser  river,  in  British  Columbia.  It  then  struck  him  that  it  might  be 
possible  to  extend  the  railway  he  had  projected  from  the  Ontario  Railway  sys- 
tem to  the  Red  River  all  the  way  across  the  continent,  entirely  through  British 
territory  to  the  Pacific  coast.  He  at  once  sold  his  timber  limits  and  all  other 
interests  he  had  in  Ontario  to  defray  the  expenses  of  his  journey  to  British 
Columbia  and  to  pay  the  expenses  he  would  have  to  incur  in  making  extensive 
explorations  through  the  formidable  mountain  region  of  British  North  Amer- 
ica. He  arrived  in  Victoria,  Vancouver  island,  late  in  the  year  1858  and  at 
once  commenced  making  the  first  explorations  ever  made  in  British  Columbia 
by  a  professional  civil  engineer. 

Speaking  before  the  local  Society  of  Londoners  in  the  summer  of  1910, 
Mr.  Moberly  gave  an  account  of  the  early  history  of  exploration  in  the  interior 
of  the  province.  His  narrative  was  most  interesting,  as  he  is  gifted  with  a 
remarkable  memory  which  retains  all  of  the  incidents  leading  up  to  the  con- 
struction of  the  first  great  transcontinental  railway  in  Canada.  Mr.  Moberly 
spoke  as  follows: 

When  starting  on  my  career  of  explorations  I  adopted  for  my  motto  the 
following  well  known  lines : 

"Attempt  the  end  and  never  stand  to  doubt; 
Nothing's  so  hard  but  search  will  find  it  out." 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  971 

I  am  probably  the  oldest  of  the  pioneers  of  the  Eraser  river  mining  excite- 
ment of  1857-58  now  living,  and  I  took  a  very  active  and  prominent  part  in 
the  early  exploration  of  the  then  Crown  colony  of  British  Columbia  and  in 
the  location  and  construction  of  trails  and  wagon  roads  to  develop  the  colony, 
and  my  discovery  of  the  Eagle  Pass  through  the  Gold  range  of  mountains  in 
the  year  1865,  settled  beyond  a  doubt  that  a  good  practicable  line  for  a  great 
Canadian  transcontinental  railway  through  the  mountain  region  of  Canada  could 
be  obtained,  and  have  its  western  terminus  in  the  magnificent  harbor  of  Burrard 
Inlet,  which  I  thoroughly  explored  in  1859  for  the  purpose.  (Note. — Burrard 
Inlet  was  first  explored  in  the  year  1792  by  Post  Captain  George  Vancouver, 
of  the  Royal  Navy,  who  was  born  in  1758,  exactly  one  hundred  years  before  I 
arrived  in  British  Columbia.)  I  endeavored  to  find  coal  in  English  Bay  and  in 
Coal  Harbor,  hence  its  name,  but  I  was  not  successful.  I  thought  coal  mines 
in  either  of  these  localities  would  be  invaluable  for  future  lines  of  steamers 
and  to  provide  fuel  for  the  transcontinental  railway  I  was  then  endeavoring  to 
promote. 

.My  researches  commenced  in  the  year  1855  and  I  spent  that  and  the  two 
following  years  in  exploring  the  country  west  of  Lake  Simcoe  and  north  of 
Lake  Huron  and  a  portion  of  Lake  Superior.  The  first  objects  I  had  in  view 
when  I  commenced  explorations  were  to  examine  many  hundreds  of  square 
miles  of  timber  limits  that  I  then  owned  at  various  places  between  Lake  Simcoe 
and  the  Michipicoten  river,  which  discharges  its  waters  into  the  northeasterly 
portion  of  Lake  Superior,  and  to  obtain  a  personal  knowledge  of  the  country  to 
ascertain  whether  or  not  it  would  be  possible  to  get  an  extension  of  the  railway 
system  of  Ontario  through  my  timber  limits  to  develop  them,  and  I  then  had 
a  rather  hazy  idea  that  such  a  prospective  railway  might  possibly,  in  time,  be 
extended  as  far  west  as  the  Red  River  settlement  that  had  been  promoted  many 
years  before  by  Lord  Selkirk,  after  whom  the  county  and  town  of  Selkirk  in 
Manitoba  are  named. 

Shortly  after  my  return  to  Toronto,  in  the  winter  of  1857-58,  I  heard  that 
very  rich  gold  placer  mines  had  been  discovered  in  the  valley  of  the  Eraser  river, 
in  British  Columbia,  and  I  then  thought  it  would  be  a  grand  undertaking  if  the 
railway  I  proposed  to  get  as  far  west  as  the  Red  River  could  be  extended,  en- 
tirely through  British  territory,  to  the  Pacific  coast. 

I  decided  to  sell  my  interests  in  eastern  Canada  and  go  to  British  Columbia 
and  meet  Captain  Palliser  who  had,  a  year  or  two  previously,  been  sent  out  by 
the  Imperial  government  to  explore  British  territory  between  Lake  Superior  and 
the  Pacific  coast,  and  ascertain  from  him  if  a  practicable  line  for  a  railway  could 
be  obtained  through  the  formidable  ranges  of  mountains  that  traverse,  in  a 
northerly  and  southerly  direction,  the  western  portion  of  British  North  America. 

In  order  to  raise  the  money  to  defray  the  expenses  of  my  proposed  journey 
to  and  make  explorations  through  British  Columbia,  I  sold  all  my  timber  limits, 
etc.,  for  much  below  what  they  were  worth  and  left  Toronto  bound  for  British 
Columbia,  and  in  the  autumn  of  -the  year  1858  I  reached  Victoria.  Before  I 
left  Toronto  I  had  obtained  from  Sir  George  Simpson,  then  the  Governor  of  the 
Hudson's  Bay  Company,  whose  autocratic  sway  extended  all  over  British  North 
America  west  of  Ontario,  a  letter  of  introduction  to  the  late  Sir  James  Douglas, 
who  was  at  that  time  at  the  head  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  affairs  west 
of  the  Rocky  mountains,  and  was  the  governor  of  the  Imperial  Crown  colonies 
of  British  Columbia  and  Vancouver  Island. 

On  reaching  Victoria  Sir  James  Douglas  received  me  very  kindly,  gave  me 
much  valuable  information  about  the  country  and  offered  me  a  good  position  in 
the  government  service,  but  as  I  was  very  anxious  to  explore  through  the  moun- 
tains, I  did  not  avail  myself  of  his  offer.  Sir  James  informed  me  that  Captain 
Palliser  would  not  reach  the  coast  for  another  year,  which  was  very  disappointing 
and  when  I  told  the  governor  that  I  was  going  to  try  and  find  a  line  suitable  to 
build  a  railway  through  the  mountains  he  was  inclined  to  think  I  had  embarked 
in  a  very  doubtful  undertaking. 


972  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

I  then  proceeded  in  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  steamer  Otter  to  Fort 
Langley,  which  at  that  time  was  a  large  and  important  fort  in  charge  of  Chief 
Factor  Yale,  who  gave  me  a  hearty  welcome,  but  as  the  little  stern-wheel 
steamer  The  Enterprise,  owned  and  commanded  by  the  late  genial  Captain  Tom 
Wright,  was  blowing  her  whistle  I  only  had  time  to  eat  a  good  dinner  and  get 
aboard."  The  Enterprise  was  the  first  steamer  to  navigate  the  Fraser  river  to 
Fort  Yale.  As  soon  as  the  Otter  entered  the  Fraser  river  I  kept  my  eyes  open 
and  carefully  noted  the  features  of  the  banks  and  of  the  river.  I  was  impressed 
with  the  idea  that  good  sites  for  cities  could  be  obtained  on  the  north  side  of 
the  river,  where  New  Westminster  now  stands,  and  also  at  a  locality  west  of 
the  junction  of  the  Fraser  and  Pitt  rivers,  and  was  father  at  a  loss  to  understand 
why  the  site  for  the  future  capital  of  the  colony  had  been  selected  on  the  south 
bank  of  the  Fraser  river  a  short  distance  below  Fort  Langley  and  which  pro- 
posed city  had  been  named  Derby. 

At  the  mouth  of  the  Harrison  river  I  left  the  steamer  and  obtained  a  large 
log  canoe  and  collected  a  crew  to  help  me  to  navigate  it  up  to  Port  Douglas. 
Rain,  snow  and  adverse  high  winds  were  very  prevalent,  and  my  crew  were 
not  good  boatmen,  consequently  we  were  buffeted  about  on  Harrison  lake,  in  a 
state  of  much  misery,  for  several  days  before  we  reached  the  little  village  of 
Port  Douglas,  where  the  snow  covered  everything  to  a  depth  of  three  or  four 
feet. 

I  now  proceeded  on  foot  along  a  narrow  trail  through  a  dense  forest,  finding 
it  very  difficult  to  make  headway  through  the  deep  snow.  I  was  compelled  to 
throw  away  my  blankets,  but  I  ultimately  got  up  as  far  as  the  Pavilion  moun- 
tain, which  is  a  short  distance  above  the  present  town  of  Lillooet.  I  tried  to 
make  some  money  by  mining  on  a  bar  of  the  Fraser  river  but  was  unsuccessful 
and  as  provisions  were  not  to  be  obtained  in  the  country,  I  returned  to  Victoria 
and  on  my  way  down  explored  the  Pitt  river  and  lake  without  gaining  any 
knowledge  worth  mentioning. 

The  result  of  this  never-to-be-forgotten,  miserable  trip,  which  was  my  first 
experience  in  the  mountains  of  British  Columbia,  was  to  convince  me  that  the 
Harrison-Lillooet  route  was  a  most  unfavorable  one  in  every  respect  for  the 
location  of  the  western  portion  of  my  proposed  transcontinental  railway.  This 
was  the  first  exploration  that  had  ever  been  made  by  a  professional  engineer  in 
British  Columbia  with  the  object  of  getting  a  means  of  communication  opened 
with  the  interior. 

Early  in  the  year  1859  I  explored  the  formidable  canyons  of  the  Fraser 
river  between  Yale  and  Lytton,  and  on  my  return  to  Victoria  was  engaged  by 
Colonel  R.  C.  Moody,  of  the  Royal  Engineers,  to  proceed  to  the  locality  I  had 
previously  visited  and  there  "found"  the  new  capital  of  British  Columbia,  as 
the  site  at  first  adopted  for  the  capital  city,  before  referred  to,  which  was  on 
the  south  bank  of  the  Fraser  river,  about  two  miles  below  Fort  Langley,  and 
which  had  been  named  Derby,  was  abandoned.  The  new  city  I  was  sent  to 
found  was  called  Queensborough,  but  the  name  was  subsequently  changed  to 
that  of  New  Westminster,  which  was  given  to  it  by  Her  Most  Gracious  Majesty, 
Queen  Victoria,  and  from  which  circumstance  it  is  generally  known  as  The 
Royal  City. 

Having  completed  the  works  placed  in  my  charge  at  New  Wesminster  I 
proceeded,  accompanied  by  Mr.  Robert  Burnaby  and  some  miners  we  engaged, 
to  Burrard  Inlet  (so  named  by  Captain  G.  Vancouver,  R.  N.,  after  Sir  Harry 
Burrard,  of  the  Royal  Navy).  We  proposed  to  sink  some  shafts  and  see  if  we 
could  find  coal.  When  we  were  at  work  sinking  some  shafts  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  north  end  of  Bute  street,  the  surveying  sloop  of  war,  H.  M.  S.  The 
Plumper,  commanded  by  Captain  Richards,  R.  N.  came  into  the  harbor  and 
Captain  Richards  gave  the  name  of  Coal  Harbor  to  the  cove,  which  it  bears 
to  this  day. 

During  the  time  our  men  were  at  work  sinking  the  above  mentioned  shafts, 
Mr.  Burnaby  and  myself  made  an  exploratory  trip  up  the  valleys  of  the  Squamish 


COLUMBIA 


973 


m 

"Xl,p 
tia  \\r 


tcertain  if  a  more  favorable  route  for  a 
It;   ned  to  the  interior  of  the  country  than 
lie,  and  shortly  after  my  return  I  pre- 
ancouver  now  stands,  as  I  saw  the  many 
sed  for  a  future  large  city,  and  I  then 
get  such  a  city  built,  and  I  can  assure 
rs  to  accomplish  that  object,  and  I  feel 
>  stand  here  today  in  it,  particularly  as 


974 

of  lieutenant  governor  and  chief  commissioner  of  lands  and  works  for  the  main- 
land, as  British  Columbia  and  Vancouver  were  separate  colonies  although  under 
one  governor. 

Colonel  Moody  requested  me  to  accompany  him  up  the  valley  of  the  Fraser 
river  to  make  a  thorough  examination  of  those  obstructive  canyons  together, 
and  we  had  some  interesting  scrambling  around  some  of  the  rocky  bluffs  which 
the  colonel  did  not  like  very  much.  When  we  had  finished  our  examination  and 
fully  discussed  the  different  possible  routes  through  the  mountains  and  my  idea 
of  a  future  transcontinental  railway,  Colonel  Moody  was  as  convinced  as  I 
was  that  the  great  Cariboo  wagon  road  should  be  built  through  the  canyons  of 
the  Fraser  and  Thompson  rivers.  We  arranged  to  meet  during  the  coming 
winter  in  Victoria  and  press  our  views  on  Governor  Douglas. 

I  arrived  at  Victoria  in  the  early  part  of  the  year  1862  and  found  that  Colonel 
Moody  had  reached  the  seat  of  government  a  day  or  two  before  my  arrival. 
The  enormously  rich  deposits  of  gold  in  Cariboo  had  greatly  inflamed  the  minds 
of  the  inhabitants  of  Victoria,  and  the  merchants  and  others  were  very  desirous 
of  capturing  the  remunerative  trade  the  gold  fields  of  Cariboo  had  promoted 
and  very  naturally  they  were  taking  active  steps  to  do  so. 

I  found  the  late  Mr.  Alfred  Waddington,  who  owned  a  large  and  very  valua- 
ble property  in  the  heart  of  the  city,  advocating  and  very  likely  to  get  the  wagon 
road  into  the  Cariboo  country  constructed  from  Bute  Inlet  to  Quesnel,  and 
Governor  Douglas  very  much  in  favor  of  Mr.  Waddington's  project.  This 
project  I  opposed  as  soon  as  I  heard  of  it  and  at  once  had  an  interview  with 
Governor  Douglas  on  the  subject. 

Mr.  Gustavus  Blinn  Wright,  the  pioneer  merchant  of  Port  Douglas  and  the 
various  places  on  the  Harrison-Lillooet  route,  was  pressing  for  the  extension 
of  the  wagon  road  from  Lillooet  to  Soda  Creek,  where  he  proposed  to  connect 
with  a  steamer  he  was  then  building  to  navigate  the  Fraser  river  to  Quesnel 
mouth.  I  supported  Mr.  Wright's  project  and  suggested  that  his  charter  should 
enable  him  to  build  his  wagon  road  as  far  as  Fort  Alexandria.  Mr.  Wright 
obtained  his  charter  for  a  wagon  road  to  Fort  Alexandria  and  subsequently  built 
the  wagon  road. 

Mr.  Green,  who  represented  a  large  mercantile  house  in  Victoria,  was  apply- 
ing for  a  charter  to  build  a  road  from  the  head  of  Bentink  Arm  to  Quesnel 
mouth,  which  I  thought  was  not  likely  to  be  a  successful  undertaking.  This 
proposed  road  has  not  up  to  the  present  time  been  built.  Colonel  Moody  sup- 
ported me  nobly  and  in  the  end  we  got  Governor  Douglas  to  undertake  the  build- 
ing of  the  great  Cariboo  wagon  road,  which  was  mainly  instrumental  in  laying 
the  foundation  for  the  development  of  British  Columbia,  and  in  the  construction 
of  which  I  was  busily  engaged  during  the  years  1862-3-4. 

During  the  year  1863  I  superintended  the  work  of  completing  the  unfinished 
portion  of  the  road  from  the  big  rock  bluff  above  Cook's  Ferry  to  Clinton,  for 
which  Mr.  William  Hood  had  taken  the  contract,  and  in  the  year  1864  I  carried 
out  the  work  on  this  road  in  the  capacity  of  government  engineer  and  superin- 
tendent of  public  works  in  Cariboo. 

At  the  end  of  the  year  1864,  the  mainland  of  British  Columbia,  having  early 
in  the  spring  of  that  year  become  a  separate  Crown  Colony  from  the  Island  of 
Vancouver,  was  to  elect  five  members  to  the  legislative  council,  which  was  to 
meet  in  New  Westminster,  where  the  seat  of  government  was  established  under 
the  new  governor,  Mr.  Frederick  Seymour,  as  Mr.  Douglas'  term  of  office 
had  expired  by  effluxion  of  time. 

Now  I  saw  there  was  a  good  prospect,  provided  I  could  get  elected  by  the 
people  of  Cariboo  to  represent  them  in  the  legislative  council,  of  pushing  for- 
ward my  long  delayed  wishes  to  get  assistance  from  the  government  to  enable 
me  to  try  and  find  the  remaining  portion  of  the  much  desired  route,  if  it  existed, 
for  a  railway  through  the  Gold  and  Selkirk  ranges  of  mountains  to  connect  that 
portion  of  the  route  I  had  already  explored  and  made  certain  of,  through  the 
rugged  coast  or  Cascade  range  of  mountains.  I  therefore  resigned  my  position 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  975 

as  an  employe  of  the  government  and  contested  the  election  for  Cariboo  West, 
which,  after  a  hot  and  expensive  campaign,  I  carried  successfully  by  a  large 
majority. 

On  arriving  at  New  Westminster,  at  Governor  Seymour's  request,  I  under- 
took the  management  of  the  Lands  and  Works  department  and  then  framed 
the  Land  Act,  and  in  conjunction  with  the  late  Hon.  Peter  O'Reilly,  the  chief 
gold  commissioner,  drew  up  the  Alining  Act.  I  arranged  with  the  governor  for 
the  money  needed  to  complete  the  Cariboo  wagon  road  and  also  for  the  money 
to  carry  out  the  exploratory  surveys  of  the  country  east  of  the  meridian  passing 
through  Kamloops.  I  also  induced  the  governor  to  construct  a  road  along  the 
south  side  of  the  Eraser  river  from  a  point  opposite  New  Westminster  with  the 
intention  of  connecting  it  with  the  Yale-Cariboo  wagon  road  and  at  Hope  with 
the  unfinished  wagon  road  over  the  Hope  mountain.  I  then,  with  the  governor's 
sanction,  entered  into  a  contract,  under  the  terms  of  which  the  Western  Union 
Telegraph  Company  of  the  United  States  agreed  to  construct  a  telegraph  line 
from  New  Wesminster  through  British  Columbia,  via  Quesnel  mouth,  to  and 
through  Alaska  to  Behring's  Strait. 

As  soon  as  the  legislative  council  adjourned,  as  I  had  succeeded  in  obtaining 
every  object  I  had  in  view  when  I  entered  the  stormy  sea  of  politics,  I  resigned 
my  seat  in  it  and  the  governor  appointed  me  assistant  surveyor  general  of  the 
Crown  Colony  of  British  Columbia,  and  authorized  me  to  undertake  the  explora- 
tions I  had  so  much  desired  to  make  from  the  time  I  met  Captain  Palliser  in 
the  winter  of  1859-60  and  learned  his  opinion  that  there  was  not  a  practicable 
route  for  a  railway  through  the  mountains  of  Southern  British  Columbia. 

The  late  Sir  Joseph  William  Trutch,  who  had  been  appointed  by  the  Imperial 
government  chief  commissioner  of  Lands  and  Works  and  surveyor  general, 
shortly  after  my  appointment  by  Governor  Seymour  returned  to  the  colony  and 
as  soon  as  possible  I  handed  over  the  Lands  and  Works  department  to  him  and 
resumed  my  anxiously  wished  for  exploratory  work. 

Six  weeks  after  leaving  New  Westminster  I  reported  the  discovery  of  the 
Eagle  Pass  through  the  Gold  range,  which  had  hitherto  been  considered  to  be 
an  unbroken  chain  of  mountains  presenting  an  impassable  barrier  for  a  rail- 
way ;  at  the  same  time  I  also  reported  the  discovery  of  the  Illicilliwaet  river,  the 
valley  of  which  penetrated  far  into  the  Selkirk  range  of  mountains,  and  that  it 
would  probably  afford  a  direct  passage  through  that  range  in  the  direction  sought 
and  thus  insure  a  connection  by  a  railway  from  Burrard  Inlet  to  any  of  the 
passes  through  the  Rocky  mountains  south  of  the  Leather  Pass,  which  latter 
is  now  known  as  the  Yellow  Head  Pass  because  the  old  fur  trader  who  first 
traversed  that  pass  had  a  head  covered  with  yellow  hair. 

As  soon  as  I  had  discovered  the  Eagle  Pass  I  then  knew  that  an  Imperial 
highway — the  true  Northwest  Passage — so  long  sought  for,  of  the  greatest  value 
to  the  British  Empire,  and  especially  to  the  Dominion  of  Canada  and  to  British 
Columbia,  was  a  certainty  and  that  my  discovery,  made  in  the  year  1865,  would 
result  in  paving  the  way  for  Britain's  sway  in  British  North  America  and  across 
the  North  and  South  Pacific  oceans,  and  thus  consolidate  the  Empire,  and  that 
the  western  terminus  of  the  transcontinental  railway  I  had  for  nearly  ten  years 
been  exploring  for  would  be  at  Vancouver,  and  I  felt  gratified  that  the  long 
years  of  toil,  of  hardship,  of  privation  and  expense  that  I  had  gone  through 
and  incurred,  would  be  of  great  and  lasting  benefit  to  my  native  and  adopted 
countries — England  and  Canada — and  my  reward  for  all  my  time,  my  labors 
and  expenses  has  been  nothing — comparatively  nothing. 

From  the  exploration  of  the  valley  of  the  Illicilliwaet  river  and  its  north 
branch  that  I  made  in  1865,  I  did  not  like  the  idea  of  a  railway  being  built 
through  that  valley  at  all,  even  if  a  practicable  way  could  be  found  by  the 
southeasterly  branch — the  so-called  Rogers'  Pass. 

In  the  year  1866,  during  the  time  I  was  exploring  and  mapping  the  valley 
of  the  Columbia  river,  I  sent  one  of  my  party,  Mr.  Albert  Perry,  to  explore 


976 

through  the  valley  of  the  southeast  fork  of  the  Illicilliwaet  river  and  through 
what  is  now  known  as  Rogers'  Pass. 

His  report  to  me  was  very  unfavorable  and  to  my  knowledge  Mr.  A.  Perry 
was  really  the  true  discoverer  of  that  pass — a  discovery  made  about  twenty 
years  before  Major  Rogers  ever  saw  the  Selkirk  range  of  mountains.  I  think 
that  pass  should  have  been  named  Perry's  and  not  Rogers'  Pass. 

I  never  was  in  favor  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  crossing  the  Selkirk 
range.  The  heavy  grades,  sharp  curves  and  rock  and  snow  slides  will  always 
make  that  portion  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  very  expensive  to  operate 
and  dangerous  to  life,  both  of  which  have  been  proved  by  the  loss  of  many 
lives  and  unnecessary  expenditures  of  large  amounts  of  money,  as  well  as  fre- 
quent delays  of  the  railway  trains  when  crossing  the  Selkirk  range.  Heavy 
operating  expenses  of  a  railway  mean  high  transportation  charges,  which  are 
not  for  the  interests  of  Canadians,  nor  for  those  of  the  British  Empire  at  large. 

The  line  I  proposed  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  in  1871,  when  I  was 
engineer  for  the  Dominion  government,  in  charge  of  that  difficult  section  which 
embraced  the  Gold,  the  Selkirk  and  the  Rocky  ranges  of  mountains  was  to  fol- 
low up  the  valley  of  the  Columbia  river  around  the  Big  Bend,  thus  avoiding  the 
crossing  of  the  Selkirk  range  and  materially  reducing  the  grades  in  the  crossing 
of  the  Rocky  mountains  by  adopting  the  Howse  Pass  instead  of  the  Kicking 
Horse  Pass,  and  thence  easterly  in  an  almost  air  line,  passing  through  Winnipeg 
to  the  northwest  extremity  of  the  Lake  of  the  Woods.  It  would  have  been  a 
far  better  line  for  both  the  interests  of  the  country  and  the  railway  company 
and  it  is  very  unfortunate  indeed  for  those  interests  that  after  I  forwarded 
my  report,  during  the  first  year  I.  was  in  the  employ  of  the  Dominion  govern- 
ment, to  their  engineer  in  chief,  which  was  published  together  with  various 
other  reports  of  the  first  exploratory  surveys  made  in  1871  by  the  Dominion 
government  for  the  Canadian  Pacific,  that  the  line  I  then  recommended  through 
the  mountains  was  not  adopted. 

Had  the  engineer  in  chief  allowed  me  to  continue  the  surveys  I  proposed 
making  through  the  mountains  contiguous  to  the  valley  of  the  Columbia  river 
when  I  was  his  subordinate  officer  in  the  years  1871-2-3,  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railway  never  would  have  been  built  through  Rogers'  Pass  and  the  lives  of 
many  poor  people  who  have  been  killed  in  that  death  chasm  would  have  been 
saved.  1  am  exceedingly  glad  to  hear  that  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Com- 
pany are  at  present  locating  the  line  around  the  Big  Bend  of  the  Columbia  river 
that  I  proposed  first  in  1871,  and  that  it  is  their  intention  to  commence  the 
construction  of  it  next  year. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  year  1872  I  was  informed  by  the  engineer  in  chief 
that  the  Yellow  Head  Pass  had  been  adopted  for  the  railway  and  I  was  ordered 
to  survey  a  line  through  it,  which  I  did  and  which  expensive  surveys  I  always 
considered  to  be  only  a  waste  of  time  and  money. 

Had  the  line  through  the  Yellow  Head  Pass  been  finally  adopted  and  built 
there  at  that  time  in  the  history  of  the  country  it  would  almost  to  a  certainty 
have  caused  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  to  terminate  on  the  mainland  at 
Bute  Inlet  or  some  more  northerly  port,  and  thus  have  thrown  back  for  many 
years  the  development  of  all  southern  British  Columbia  and  also  of  all  the  great 
and  rich  belt  of  country  extending  from  the  Rocky  mountains  to  the  Red  River, 
and  in  width  extending  northward  from  the  forty-ninth  parallel  of  latitude  for 
a  very  considerable  distance  and  thus  have  left  that  belt  of  country  to  be  devel- 
oped and  its  productions  drawn  away,  and  its  trade  thrown  into  the  hands  of 
branch  railways  running  into  the  country  from  the  railway  systems  south  of  the 
boundary  line  between  Canada  and  the  United  States,  and  there  would  not 
have  been  a  great  and  beautiful  city  where  Vancouver  now  bids  fair  in  due  course 
of  time  to  be  one  of  the  foremost  cities  in  the  world. 

An  interesting  and  more  detailed  history  of  the  great  trunk  wagon  road, 
generally  known  as  the  Yale-Cariboo  Wagon  Road,  has  been  prepared  by  Mr. 
Moberly  under  the  title  History  of  Cariboo  Wagon  Road,  and  has  been  published 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  977 

by  the  Art,  Historical  and  Scientific  Association  of  Vancouver.  The  earlier 
explorations  which  led  up  to  the  building  of  the  road  have  been  fully  treated  in 
tie  foregoing  lecture  by  Mr.  Moberly  but  it  may  be  interesting  to  add  some  of 
'he  details  connected  with  the  actual  building  of  this  great  undertaking.  After 
Colonel  Moody  and  Mr.  Moberly  had  had  several  interviews  with  Governor 
Douglas  they  convinced  him  that  the  Yale-Cariboo  Road  was  the  best  to  adopt 
for  the  general  development  of  the  country,  that  its  construction  was  imperative 
and  that  it  should  be  undertaken  at  once.  Mr.  Moberly  at  that  time  met  Charles 
Oppenheimer,  head  of  the  great  mercantile  house  operating  under  the  firm  name 
of  Oppenheimer  Brothers  and  having  establishments  at  Yale  and  Lytton.  Mr. 
Oppenheimer  and  Mr.  T.  B.  Lewis  joined  Mr.  Moberly  in  obtaining  a  charter 
for  the  building  of  the  road,  provided  they  could  obtain  the  right  to  collect 
remunerative  tolls  for  a  series  of  years  and  a  large  money  subsidy  from  the 
government  in  order  to  assist  in  defraying  the  cost  of  construction.  For  that 
purpose  the  firm  of  Oppenheimer,  Moberly  &  Lewis  was  formed  and  Mr.  Oppen- 
heimer withdrew  from  his  original  firm  in  order  to  devote  his  whole  attention 
to  the  work  in  hand.  Shortly  afterwards  the  charter  was  granted  by  the  gov- 
ernment, empowering  the  firm  to  collect  tolls  and  agreeing  to  pay  a  large  sub- 
sidy as  the  work  of  construction  progressed.  Work  on  the  mainland  then  began. 
Governor  Douglas  at  that  time  fully  expected  to  obtain  from  the  Imperial  gov- 
ernment a  large  loan  for  which  he  had  applied. 

The  different  sections  of  the  road  were  constructed  as  follows:  Captain 
John  M.  Grant  with  sappers  and  miners  and  a  large  civilian  force  was  to  con- 
struct the  section  from  Yale  to  Chapman's  Bar.  The  late  Sir  Joseph  William 
Trutch  was,  by  contract,  to  construct  the  section  from  Chapman's  Bar  to  Boston 
Bar,  and  the  late  Mr.  Thomas  Spence  was  to  construct  the  section  from  Boston 
Bar  to  Lytton.  The  firm  of  Oppenheimer,  Moberly  &  Lewis  were  to  construct 
the  road  from  Lytton  until  it  formed  a  junction  with  the  wagon  road  to  be 
built  by  G.  B.  Wright  from  Lytton  to  Fort  Alexandria.  Mr.  Moberly's  depart- 
ment in  this  undertaking  was  to  locate  the  road  and  supervise  its  construction, 
while  Mr.  Lewis  was  to  keep  the  books  and  accounts  and  Mr.  Oppenheimer  to 
look  after  the  purchasing  and  forwarding  of  the  supplies  and  the  managing  of 
the  finances. 

At  Yale  a  large  number  of  men  seeking  employment  could  not  get  beyond 
that  point,  as  they  were  without  money,  food,  clothing  and  boots,  and  as  they 
had  to  walk  from  Yale  to  Lytton  along  the  pack  trail  the  firm  were  obliged  to 
make  them  advances  of  all  those  articles.  Mr.  Moberly  had  already  paid  the 
fares  of  a  large  number  of  men  from  New  Westminster  to  Yale,  costing  him 
about  three  thousand  dollars.  Mr.  Oppenheimer  forwarded  from  Victoria  large 
quantities  of  supplies  and  tools  to  Yale  and  Mr.  Moberly  also  sent  a  quantity 
of  the  things  which  he  had  on  hand  to  the  same  place.  Their  first  difficulties 
occurred  between  Yale  and  Lytton,  as  the  pack  trail  was  only  partially  com- 
pleted and  freight  had  to  be  conveyed  between  those  places  through  dangerous 
canyons  and  partly  by  water  and  pack  trains,  causing  heavy  transportation 
charges  and  losses  of  supplies.  The  number  of  pack  animals  was  inadequate  and 
the  boats  were  insufficient.  They  had  to  employ  a  large  number  of  Indians  who 
charged  high  prices  for  packing.  The  difficulties  may  be  more  fully  realized 
when  it  is  stated  that  Mr.  Lewis  and  Mr.  Moberly  traveled  from  Yale  to  Lytton 
on  foot  because  they  were  unable  to  get  saddle  animals.  At  Lytton  .Mr.  Mober- 
ly made  his  headquarters  at  the  courthouse,  which  was  placed  at  his  disposal. 
He  then  established  the  first  road  camp  a  short  distance  from  Lytton  and  set 
men  to  work  there.  A  few  days  later  another  camp  was  established  at  Nicomin, 
a  small  stream  about  twelve  miles  from  Lytton,  and  another  a  few  miles  above 
Cook's  Ferry,  a  short  distance  below  where  Spence's  bridge  was  afterwards  built. 
On  account  of  the  scarcity  of  white  men  a  number  of  Chinese  had  to  be  imported. 
After  having  been  at  work  for  some  time  money  due  from  the  government  as 
per  charter  remained  unpaid  and  difficulties  arose  in  carrying  on  the  work  in 
the  most  efficient  manner,  but  by  personally  borrowing  money  Mr.  Moberly 


978  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

kept  the  work  going  and  subsequently  paid  all  of  his  men  in  full.  At  that  time 
a  number  of  men  left  the  work,  not  even  paying  for  the  clothes  and  necessities 
which  Mr.  Moberly  had  furnished  them  when  they  were  in  a  destitute  condi- 
tion, and  in  that  way  he  lost  what  he  had  advanced.  This  contemptible  pro- 
ceeding was  largely  brought  about  by  the  reports  of  rich  gold  deposits  in  the 
Cariboo  district  and  Mr.  Moberly  was  forced  to  put  on  more  Chinese  laborers. 
It  was  this  bad  faith  and  unscrupulous  conduct  of  the  white  laborers  that  caused 
the  employment  of  Oriental  labor  and  other  contractors  on  the  road  experienced 
the  same  treatment.  The  Chinese  worked  industriously,  faithfully  and  gave  no 
trouble.  Time  passed  on  and  unpaid  for  work  continued  to  be  done  and  at 
last  Mr.  Oppenheimer  returned  with  some  money  from  the  government,  the  sum, 
however,  being  nothing  like  what  it  should  have  been.  Mr.  Lewis  was  dis- 
couraged and  of  the  opinion  that  they  could  not  depend  upon  the  government 
and  wished  to  stop  the  work  and  Mr.  Moberly  therefore  bought  Mr.  Lewis* 
interests  in  the  charter.  Mr.  Oppenheimer  by  arrangement  then  returned  to 
Victoria,  endeavoring  to  get  more  money. 

To  make  more  exhaustive  explorations  to  decide  where  the  Yale-Cariboo 
road  should  be  located  in  order  to  obtain  the  best  line  to  form  a  junction  with 
the  wagon  road  then  in  construction  from  Lillooet  over  the  Pavilion  mountain 
Mr.  Moberly  took  a  horse  and  packed  his  blankets  and  provisions,  starting  to 
explore  Maiden  creek  valley,  where  the  town  of  Clinton  is  now  built,  and  also 
the  valley  of  the  Bonaparte  river  to  the  Second  Crossing,  which  was  so  named 
as  the  old  pack  trail  to  Cariboo  over  the  Loon  Lake  mountain  crossed  the  Bona- 
parte river  the  second  time  at  that  point.     Coming  to  Second  Crossing,  the  pro- 
visions of  Mr.  .Moberly  had  given  out  and  the  last  days  of  the  journey  had  been 
made  under  the  most  trying  conditions.     He  was  most  woefully  disappointed 
to  find  upon  his  arrival  that  the  house  and  other  buildings  had  been  burned 
down  and  the  place  deserted.     A   few  half -grown   onions   furnished,  his  only 
food.     He  then  decided  that  a  better  route  to  adopt  for  the  wagon  road  would 
be  Maiden  creek  valley  and  that  the  road  should  be  built  where  it  is  today.     On 
the  return  journey  over  Loon  Lake  Mountain  Mr.  Moberly  met  an  old  friend, 
Captain  Allan   MacDonald,  camping  on  the  prairie,  who  revived  him  with  a 
sumptuous  meal.     The  following  day  he  spent  at  the  small  log  hut  of  "Scotty," 
a  quaint  Orkneyman  who  at  times  furnished  meals  to  travelers.      Scotty   fur- 
nished a  meal  of  stale  flap-jacks  and  a  pan  of  milk  at  the  rate  of  fifty  cents  a 
cake  and  fifty  cents  for  each  cup  of  milk.     Subsequently  Mr.  Moberly  proceeded 
to  Nicomin,  encountering  many  Indians,  who  were  suffering  severly  from  an 
epidemic  of  smallpox  which  disease  at  that  time  was  ravaging  in  the  interior 
of  the  colony.     At  the  mouth  of  the  Nicola  river  the  same  horrible  sight  met 
him  which  a  few  hours  before  he  had  witnessed  at  the  little  bay  on  the  Thomp- 
son river,  all  of  the  Indians  being  dead.     He  then  hurried  to  camp  at  Nicomin, 
fearing  that  the  smallpox  had  broken  out  among  his  men,  but  was  greatly  relieved 
to  find  that  such  was  not  the  case.    During  his  absence  good  progress  had  been 
made  in  the  work  of  construction,  but  no  news  from  either  Victoria  or  New 
Westminster  had  arrived  and  the  men  were  getting  clamorous  for  their  wages. 
No  government  certificates  being  allowed  to  be  issued  to   Mr.    Moberly,   this 
peculiar  order  appeared  to  him  to  be  tantamount  to  an  effort  on  the  part  of  the 
government  to  force  him  to  forfeit  the  charter.     He  afterwards  found  out  that 
it  was  owing  to  the  refusal  of  the  Imperial  government  to  grant  the  loan  that 
Governor  Douglas  had  applied  for  and  that  the  government  therefore  had  no 
money  to  pay  the  amount  of  the  certificates. 

Mr.  Moberly  now  knew  there  was  something  seriously  wrong  about  financial 
matters  and  started  on  horseback  for  Yale,  stopping  long  enough  to  hire  a  canoe 
and  six  Indians  to  convey  him  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  arrived  the  fol- 
lowing morning.  He  immediately  sought  an  interview  with  Colonel  Moody, 
from  whom  he  learned  that  he  had  to  see  Governor  Douglas  as  the  former  was 
not  at  all  responsible  for  the  non-payment  of  money,  the  government  instruct- 
ing him  not  to  grant  any  certificates.  Governor  Douglas  then  made  new  arrange- 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  979 

ments  by  which  fifty  thousand  dollars  was  to  be  paid  to  Mr.  Moberly  within 
a  few  days  and  the  latter  also  made  arrangements  for  future  payments.  Know- 
ing how  important  it  was  for  him  to  be  back  at  the  works  as  soon  as  possible, 
he  received  from  the  governor  the  few  thousand  dollars  then  in  the  treasury  at 
New  Wesminster  and  Yale;  amounting  in  all  to  about  six  thousand  dollars, 
and  left  a  general  power  of  attorney  with  the  attorney  general  to  sign  for  the 
balance  of  the  fifty  thousand  dollars.  Mr.  Moberly  then  returned  by  steamer 
to  the  road  camps.  When  he  arrived  there  he  found  that  an  irresponsible  per- 
son had  circulated  the  report  that  he  had  left  the  country  and  his  return  was 
rather  astonishing  to  his  men.  They  were  in  bad  straits  and  he  paid  all  of  those 
who  had  worked  the  full  time,  well  berating  those  who  had  left  the  work  before 
their  term  had  expired  and  thereby  forfeiting  all  the  wages  coming  to  them. 
However,  even  these  he  paid  half  of  their  wages  and  obtained  employment  for 
them  for  the  rest  of  the  season  with  Captain  Grant.  The  next  day  he  expected 
the  forty-four  thousand  dollars  to  be  forwarded  by  express. 

Arriving  at  Lytton,  he  found  that  the  mail  and  express  had  not  arrived,  but 
he  received  a  letter  from  a  friend,  sent  by  a  special  messenger,  to  inform  him 
that  the  government  would  not  send  the  money  and  that  the  day  after  his  mes- 
senger's arrival  a  capias  would  reach  that  town  by  mail  instructing  Captain  Ball, 
the  sheriff,  to  arrest  Mr.  Moberly  for  the  amount  of  an  account  due  for  some 
supplies  furnished  by  a  party  in  Victoria,  and  that  a  writ  had  been  obtained 
owing  to  a  notice  emanating  from  the  attorney  general  that  the  charter,  out 
of  which  Mr.  Moberly  could  easily  have  cleared  one  hundred  thousand  dollars 
if  the  government  had  acted  in  good  faith,  had  been  forfeited  as  the  work  was 
not  going  on  properly.  This  breach  of  faith  on  the  part  of  the  attorney  gen- 
eral in  regard  to  the  unfortuniate  general  power  of  attorney  caused  this  dis- 
agreeable contretemps.  The  day  when  the  capias  would  arrive  in  Lytton  would 
be  a  Sunday  and  it  therefore  could  not  be  served  until  the  following  morning. 
On  Sunday  morning  Mr.  Moberly  had  breakfast  with  the  sheriff  and  they  sat 
at  that  meal  when  the  latter's  mail  arrived  which  Mr.  Moberly  felt  convinced 
contained  the  ominous  document.  Mr.  Moberly  was  thoroughly  disgusted  with 
the  bad  faith  on  the  part  of  the  government  and  felt  certain  he  could  struggle 
no  longer  against  such  adverse  circumstances.  Knowing,  however,  of  the  vast 
importance  to  the  colony  of  the  work,  he  decided  to  take  a  course  that  would 
prevent  the  stoppage  of  the  work  and  let  his  personal  interests  be  sacrificed 
and  the  general  interests  of  the  country  be  protected.  The  following  morning 
the  sheriff  served  the  writ  and  when  Mr.  .Moberly  showed  him  the  letter  he  had 
received  the  previous  Saturday  by  private  express,  gave  vent  to  surprise  that 
the  former  had  not  crossed  the  border  into  the  United  States.  Mr.  Moberly's 
answer  was  that  he  had  been  the  promoter  of  the  Yale-Cariboo  wagon  road  and 
that  he  intended  to  stick  to  it  until  it  was  an  accomplished  work  no  matter  what 
obstacles  had  to  be  overcome.  He  was  hourly  expecting  the  arrival  of  Captain 
Grant,  whom  he  knew  would  be  sent  by  the  government  to  act  in  the  matter, 
and  on  his  arrival  borrowed  a  few  hundred  dollars  from  a  friend  and  paid  the 
amount  for  which  he  had  been  arrested.  He  and  Captain  Grant  discussed  the 
whole  matter  in  a  most  friendly  manner  and  Mr.  Moberly  gave  him  in  writing 
his  relinquishment  of  all  charter  rights  and  also  the  surrender  of  all  the  sup- 
plies, tents,  tools,  etc.,  on  the  works  which  had  cost  him  over  six  thousand  dol- 
lars. Mr.  Moberly  did  this  for  the  benefit  of  the  government  and  only  requested 
him  to  do  his  utmost  to  have  the  wages  of  the  men  paid  and  also  the  subcon- 
tracts which  he  had  let.  Captain  Grant  cordially  assented  to  this  and  afterwards 
compelled  the  government,  much  against  its  wishes,  to  have  these  provisions 
carefully  carried  out.  Mr.  Moberly  then  put  Captain  Grant  in  full  possession 
and  when  everything  was  out  of  his  hands  Captain  Grant  proposed  to  appoint 
him  to  carry  on  the  works  for  the  government  for  the  rest  of  the  season.  This 
proposition  Mr.  Moberly  accepted  as  he  had  not  a  dollar  left  and  Captain  Grant 
then  informed  the  men  that  their  wages  would  be  paid  by  the  government  and 
that  Mr.  Moberly  was  in  full  charge  of  the  work.  Furthermore,  he  promised 


980  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

that  he  would  do  his  utmost  to  have  their  back  wages  paid  but  could  not  abso- 
lutely promise,  as  that  matter  rested  with  Governor  Douglas.  Ultimately  these 
wages  were  paid  in  full  to  the  amount  of  nineteen  thousand  dollars. 

When  this  transaction  was  closed  at  the  end  of  the  year  the  country  had 
gained  a  large  and  most  extensive  portion  of  the  Cariboo  road  which  cost  them 
nothing  but  left  Mr.  Moberly  a  ruined  man  with  heavy  personal  liabilities  that 
took  all  the  money  he  could  make  during  eight  subsequent  years  to  finally  pay 
off.  Charles  Oppenheimer,  hearing  of  Mr.  JVloberly's  arrest,  had  left  the  country 
to  avoid  a  similar  fate  and  did  not  return  for  some  years.  He  settled  all  the 
outstanding  liabilities  of  the  old  firm  before  coming  back,  which  cost  him  a  large 
sum  of  money. 

In  the  following  year,  1863,  William  Hood,  of  Santa  Clara,  California, 
undertook  the  contract  to  complete  the  unfinished  portion  of  the  road  between 
the  big  rock  bluff  above  Cook's  ferry  and  Clinton,  and  he  employed  Mr.  Moberly 
to  superintend  the  work.  '  In  the  same  year  Captain  Grant,  Mr.  Trutch  and  Mr. 
Spence  finished  the  section  of  the  road  between  Yale  and  Lytton  and  Mr.  Trutch 
built  the  suspension  bridge  across  the  Fraser  river.  In  1864,  in  the  employ  of 
the  Colonial  government  as  their  engineer,  Mr.  Moberly  went  to  Cariboo  and 
located  the  northerly  portion  of  the  wagon  road  from  Fort  Alexandria  (to 
which  latter  point  Mr.  G.  B.  Wright  had  built  the  road  the  previous  year)  to 
Richfield,  and  to  look  after  its  construction  between  Quesnel  mouth  and  Cotton- 
wood  river  which  was  then  built  by  Mr.  Wright.  Mr.  Moberly  constructed  a 
temporary  sleigh  road  from  Fort  Alexandria  to  Quesnel  mouth  and  another 
from  Cottonwood  river  to  Richfield  via  Lightning  creek.  He  also  located  a  line 
for  a  wagon  road  from  Cottonwood  river  via  Willow  river  as  far  as  Richfield  and 
supervised  the  construction  of  a  branch  road  into  the  valley  of  the  Horse-fly 
river,  then  known  as  "Captain  Mitchell's  road."  He  also  explored'  a  line  for  a 
proposed  branch  wagon  road  into  the  valley  of  William's  lake.  At  the  end  of 
the  year  1864,  as  mentioned  in  another  part  of  this  sketch,  Mr.  Moberly  resigned 
his  position  as  government  engineer  and  was  duly  elected  at  the  request  of  the 
people  of  Cariboo  to  represent  them  in  the  legislative  council  about  to  meet  at 
New  Westminster. 

Mr.  Moberly's  work  in  regard  to  railroad  construction  in  British  Columbia 
has  been  as  important  if  not  more  so  than  the  valuable  services  he  rendered  in 
building  the  wagon  roads  of  the  province.  In  1872  he  proposed  the  following 
important  surveys:  A  careful  location  survey  from  the  Columbia  river  through 
the  Howse  Pass.  A  trial  survey  through  the  Selkirk  range  by  the  valley  of 
the  Illicilliwaet  river  and  Rogers'  Pass.  A  trial  survey  across  the  Selkirk  range 
by  the  valleys  of  Gold  river  and  Gold  creek  to  ascertain  what  length  of  tun- 
neling would  be  required  to  connect  those  valleys.  A  survey  from  Revelstoke 
around  the  bend  of  the  Columbia  river  to  connect  with  the  survey  via  Gold  river 
and  Gold  creek,  and  with  the  survey  through  Howse  Pass. 

Having  made  these  surveys,  Mr.  Moberly  received  word  from  Mr.  Gillette, 
engineer  in  charge,  that  the  Howse  Pass  seemed  very  important  and  Mr.  Moberly 
came  to  the  conclusion  that  this  would  be  adopted  for  the  proposed  Canadian 
transcontinental  railway.  He  therefore  at  once  let  contracts  for  large  quantities 
of  supplies  and  instructed  the  engineer  at  Howse  Pass  to  have  boats  built  and 
send  supplies  to  the  various  points  along  the  Columbia  river  where  they  would 
be  required.  Mr.  Moberly  then  engaged  additional  engineers,  proposing  to 
carry  out  extensive  surveys,  and  closed  all  of  his  affairs  in  Victoria.  Intending 
to  embark  with  his  party  for  Olympia,  he  received  late  at  night  a  message  from 
the  Lieutenant  Governor,  the  late  Sir  Joseph  W.  Trutch,  requesting  him  to  see 
him.  The  lieutenant  governor  handed  him  a  telegram  from  the  engineer  in 
chief  informing  him  that  Yellow  Head  Pass  had  been  adopted  for  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway  and  that  Mr.  Moberly  was  to  take  charge  and  make 
the  survey  through  it.  These  instructions  completely  upset  him.  He  knew 
there  was  at  that  time  no  person  living  who  had  his  knowledge  of  the  country 
and  how  unfortunate  it  would  be  to  build  the  road  by  the  way  of  the  Yellow 
Head  Pass,  thus  leaving  a  rich  and  most  important  portion  of  the  country  to 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  981 

be  tapped  by  railroads  from  the  United  States.  Mr.  Moberly  had  some  diffi- 
culties with  the  contractors  who  were  to  furnish  the  supplies  at  Kinbaskit's 
Landing  but  at  last  got  all  matters  satisfactorily  arranged  for  the  survey  of 
the  line  through  the  Yellow  Head  Pass.  To  have  these  large  quantities  of 
supplies  available  for  the  surveys  through  the  Yellow  Head  Pass  and  to  trans- 
port his  men  and  outfits  from  the  Columbia  to  the  Athabasca  river  it  was  neces- 
sary to  obtain  the  pack  animals  then  conveying  the  supplies  to  Kinbaskit's  Land- 
ing before  the  packers  who  owned  the  animals  knew  of  the  change  having  been 
made  to  Yellow  Head  Pass,  for  they  would  have  extorted  very  high  transporta- 
tion charges.  Mr.  Moberly  then  made  a  number  of  important  trips  and  hired 
various  persons  to  accomplish  his  ends,  also  acquiring  a  party  of  boatmen,  includ- 
ing Captain  A.  T.  Pingston  to  navigate  the  boats  which  had  been  built  during 
the  past  winter  at  the  depot  at  Howse  Pass  and  had  been  sent  to  Kinbaskit's 
Landing.  Traveling  there  on  horseback,  he  found  the  boats  awaiting  him  on  his 
arrival.  Overtaking  the  different  pack  trains,  he  purchased  the  pack  animals 
and  engaged  the  packers,  thereby  getting  possession  of  about  four  hundred 
animals  and  solving  the  transportation  problem.  His  next  and  most  serious 
difficulty  was  to  open  a  pack  trail  along  the  easterly  bank  of  the  Columbia  river, 
where  navigation  was  very  dangerous  for  boats.  This  trail  was  subsequently 
opened  to  Kinbaskit  lake,  at  which  time  Mr.  Moberly  lost  the  services  of  Mr. 
Gillette,  Mr.  Ashdown  Green  taking  his  place  as  engineer  in  charge  of  the 
party. 

Mr.  Moberly  then  left  with  his  three  Indians  for  the  Yellow  Head  Pass  in 
order  to  meet  the  engineer  in  chief,  who  had  proposed  during  the  autumn  to 
journey  through  the  Yellow  Head  Pass.  Previous  to  leaving  Victoria  Mr. 
Moberly  had  instructed  William  C.  McCord,  an  experienced  mountaineer,  to 
equip  a  party  of  axemen  and  a  pack  train  and  to  open  a  pack  trail  by  the  valleys 
of  the  North  Thompson  and  Albreda  rivers  to  and  through  the  Yellow  Head  Pass, 
where  he  promised  to  meet  him  as  soon  as  he  could  get  away  from  the  Columbia 
river.  On  leaving  Kinbaskit's  Landing  with  his  Indians  Mr.  Moberly  and  his 
party  ascended  and  crossed  over  the  high  mountain  spur  that  rises  to  a  great 
elevation  between  the  waters  of  the  Columbia  and  those  of  the  Wood  or  Port- 
age river,  making  a  direct  line  for  the  Athabasca  Pass,  between  mounts  Brown 
and  Hooker.  The  steep  ascent  was  filled  with  many  hardships,  the  party  suffering 
especially  for  want  of  water.  Traveling  along  the  easterly  side  of  Mount 
Brown,  they  left  the  Athabasca  Pass  and  crossed  a  high  ridge  and  then  followed 
the  well  beaten  Cariboo  trail,  descending  a  steep  declivity  on  the  north  side  of 
the  ridge  over  a  large  deposit  of  perpetual  snow  and  arriving  in  a  beautiful  val- 
ley surrounded  with  magnificent  scenery.  Here  they  camped  at  a  small  spring 
that  is  the  true  source  of  the  Eraser  river.  The  next  day  the  traveling  was 
good  but  in  the  afternoon  the  party  got  into  thick  timber  and  the  valley  became 
narrow.  Shortly  before  they  camped  they  noticed  a  bush  fire  which  was,  as 
the  Indians  informed  Mr.  Moberly,  in  the  neighborhood  of  Yellow  Head  lake. 
The  Indians  said  that  it  was  certain  indication  that  white  men  were  in  that 
neighborhood,  for  the  Indian  is  careful  not  to  burn  the  forest  which  the  white 
man  so  recklessly  and  wantonly  destroys.  At  the  break  of  day  the  fire,  fanned 
by  a  wind  from  the  north,  had  approached  rapidly  in  their  direction  and  the 
valley  was  filled  with  smoke.  To  remain  in  the  thick  timber  meant  to  be  burned 
to  death  so  the  party  made  a  hurried  detour  by  a  bare  place  on  the  side  of  an 
adjoining  mountain,  which  enabled  them  to  get  behind  the  blazing  and  roaring 
fire.  After  traveling  some  distance  along  the  side  of  the  mountain  they 
descended  to  the  valley  to  resume  their  way  through  the  blackened  and  smoulder- 
ing remains  of  what  had  been  a  few  hours  before  a  beautiful  forest. 

Tn  the  afternoon  the  party  reached  a  smaller  stream  than  the  one  they  had 
been  following  and  which  flowed  from  the  eastward  and  which  Mr.  Moberly 
recognized  as  the  Eraser  river.  Wading  across,  they  met  the  pack  train  which 
was  conveying  supplies  to  Mr.  McCord's  camp  on  the  shore  of  the  Yellow  Head 
lake,  a  short  distance  east.  Taking  a  riding  horse  from  the  train  Mr.  Moberly 


982  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

soon  reached  Mr.  McCord's  camp  and  there  heard  that  Mr.  Mohun  had  the  line 
surveyed  west  of  the  Tete  Jaune  Cache  as  far  as  Moose  lake  and  Mr.  Moberly 
at  once  sent  a  letter  to  Mr.  Mohun,  requesting  him  to  meet  him  the  following 
day  at  Mr.  McCord's  camp.  The  engineer  in  chief  had  not  then  passed  through 
Yellow  Head  Pass  on  his  way  to  the  coast. 

Mr.  Moberly  remained  the  following  day  and  then  proceeded  with  his  Indians 
over  the  summit  and  "down  the  valley  of  the  Miette  and  Athabasca  rivers  to  meet 
the  engineer  in  chief  and  also  to  ascertain  where  the  best  place  would  be  to 
build  a  depot  on  the  banks  of  the  Athabasca  river  to  winter  his  parties.  When 
he  reached  a  point  a  few  miles  west  of  Jasper  House  he  came  upon  fresh  tracks 
of  men  and  horses,  convincing  him  that  they  were  those  of  men  from  the  east. 
He  at  once  retraced  his  way  and  reached  the  Snaring  river  some  time  after 
dark.  He  sent  an  Indian  to  ascertain  if  the  travelers  were  those  he  was  seeking 
and  late  in  the  night  the  Indian  returned  with  a  note  from  the  engineer  in  chief 
which  gave  the  desired  information.  On  the  following  forenoon  Mr.  Moberly 
overtook  the  party  as  they  were  entering  the  valley  of  the  Miette  river.  There 
was  some  little  delay  in  meeting  the  chief  engineer's  party  but  subsequently  this 
was  effected  and  it  was  decided  to  go  on  to  Mr.  McCord's  camp  where  there 
was  plenty  of  food  for  man  and  beast.  There  Mr.  Moberly  was  enabled  to  give 
the  engineer  in  chief  an  account  of  his  proceedings  since  leaving  Victoria.  The 
next  morning  a  start  was  made  for  Mr.  Mohun's  camp,  which  was  reached 
late  in  the  evening.  Differences  of  opinion  arose  with  the  chief  engineer  as  to 
the  work  which  Mr.  Moberly  had  done  and  in  which  he  was  convinced  that  he 
was  right  and  he  was  then  nearly  at  the  point  of  leaving  the  service.  Recogniz- 
ing in  what  a  critical  position  many  of  his  men  and  animals  were  in  on  their 
way  by  the  Athabasca  Pass  and  how  much  they  relied  upon  him  to  see  them 
safely  through,  he  remained. 

Returning  to  Mr.  McCord's  camp,  Mr.  Moberly  reached  the  Athabasca  river 
on  the  following  day  and  hurried  through  the  valleys  of  the  Athabasca  and 
Whirlpool  rivers,  the  weather  being  cold  and  threatening.  Snow  began  to  fall 
before  daylight  of  the  third  day  and  Mr.  Moberly  expected  to  meet  his  party 
and  animals  at  the  foot  of  Mount  Brown  but  did  not,  however,  find  them  there. 
To  shorten  the  route  they  endeavored  to  cross  the  mountain  spur  'between  the 
Wood  and  Columbia  rivers  but  night  came  on  and  they  had  to  remain  in  the 
dense  undergrowth,  where  the  half-famished  horses  had  nothing  to  eat.  Early 
the  next  morning  the  sound  of  a  mule  bell  and  the  chopping  of  wood  guided  them 
to  Mr.  Green  and  his  surveying  party,  who  were  constructing  buildings  to  winter 
in,  as  he  had  concluded  from  Mr.  Moberly's  long  absence  that  he  would  have 
to  pass  the  winter  on  the  Columbia  river.  Mr.  Moberly  then  instructed  Mr. 
Green  to  take  his  surveying  party  and  pack  animals  at  once  to  the  Athabasca 
river  and  also  ordered  all  the  packers  in  charge  of  trains  and  supplies  to  have 
everything  forwarded  over  the  summit  of  the  Athabasca  Pass  in  order  that  they 
could  during  the  winter  be  conveyed  by  dog  trains  along  the  frozen  Whirlpool 
and  Athabasca  rivers  to  the  depot  Mr.  McCord  had  been  instructed  to  build 
about  a  mile  and  a  half  below  where  in  bygone  years  stood  the  old  Henry 
House. 

All  started  back  for  the  Athabasca  river,  Mr.  Moberly,  traveling  much  faster 
than  Mr.  Green,  pushed  on  ahead  in  order  to  get  back  and  have  the  survey  of 
the  line  from  the  summit  of  the  Yellow  Head  Pass  made  by  Mr.  Mohun's  party 
before  the  snow  fell.  Arriving  where  Mr.  McCord  had  already  commenced  the 
construction  of  the  buildings,  he  was  astonished  to  learn  that  his  surveying  party 
had  started  on  their  return  to  Victoria.  The  next  morning  Mr.  Moberly  set  out 
with  two  Indians  and  their  nearly  worn-out  horses  to  try  to  overtake  and  bring 
back  the  party.  On  the  way  he  met  a  messenger  from  the  engineer  in  chief 
telling  him  that  he  had  changed  his  mind  regarding  the  surveys  of  the  line 
through  the  Yellow  Head  Pass  and  instructing  Mr.  Moberly  to  bring  out  his 
parties  and  most  of  the  pack  animals  and  report  at  Kamloops  and  place  the  sup- 


983 

lies  and  some  of  the  animals  in  the  hands  of  a  man  in  whom  he  had  no  particular 
trust. 

It  was  simply  impossible  to  carry  out  these  peculiar  orders.  The  winter  had 
set  in  with 'heavy  falls  of  snow  in  the  Athabasca  Pass  through  which  his  men 
and  animals  were  struggling  to  reach  the  Athabasca  valley,  where  supplies  for 
the  animals  could  be  obtained,  and  when  they  did  reach  it  they  were  in  a  weak- 
ened condition.  Had  he  attempted  to  carry  out  the  orders  sent  by  the  chief 
engineer  Mr.  Moberly  certainly  would  have  lost  all  of  his  animals  and  perhaps 
the  lives  of  some  of  the  men,  which  responsibility  he  would  not  assume,  and 
he  therefore  remained  at  Yellow  Head  Pass.  On  account  of  his  differences  and 
difficulties  .Mr.  Moberly  at  that  time  would  have  given  up  his  connection  with 
the  service  but  his  high  sense  of  honor  and  his  fairness  to  his  employes  and  to 
the  Dominion  government  prevented  him  from  so  doing.  The  abandonment  of 
the  line  he  had  so  strongly  recommended  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  via  Eagle 
Pass  and  terminating  in  Vancouver  and  the  instruction's  and  counterinstructions 
he  had  received  regarding  the  location  of  the  survey  through  the  Howse  Pass 
and  the  same  peculiarities  regarding  the  surveys  through  the  Yellow  Head  Pass 
led  him  to  think  that  the  engineer  in  chief  had  no  very  friendly  intentions  with 
him  and  he  fully  determined  to  leave  the  staff  when  he  could  fairly  do  so  and 
then  when  he  was  clear  of  the  engineer  in  chief  endeavor  to  get  a  railroad  con- 
structed by  his  line  from  Vancouver  to  Winnipeg  and  connecting  with  the  line 
proposed  by  the  engineer  in  chief  at  Rat  Portage  or  Selkirk. 

Mr.  Moberly's  party  was  kept  at  work  until  the  end  of  December,  when 
the  survey  had  reached  Fiddle  river,  and  then  went  into  winter  quarters  at  the 
depot.  He  then  had  dog  sleighs  sent  up  there  to  bring  the  supplies  at  the  head- 
waters of  the  Whirlpool  river  to  the  depot,  all  of  which  was  done,  and  having 
completed  the  plotting  of  the  season's  work  he  sent  the  plans  to  Edmonton  with 
a  letter  to  Mr.  Hardisty,  chief  factor  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  requesting 
him  to  have  them  forwarded  to  Ottawa.  As  soon  as  the  documents  were  sent 
Mr.  Moberly  set  the  party  to  work,  continuing  the  survey  of  the  line  and  direct- 
ing the  engineer  to  get  into  the  valley  of  the  McLeod  river  as  soon  as  possible. 
While  he  was  exploring  the  country  Mr.  Moberly  found  a  good  line  could  be 
obtained  by  keeping  much  farther  to  the  eastward,  without  any  trouble,  but 
decided  to  continue  the  surveying  of  the  line  to  Victoria.  When  within  a  short 
distance  of  the  McLeod  river  a  half-breed  met  him  and  handed  him  a  letter  from 
the  engineer  in  chief.  It  informed  Mr.  Moberly  that  the  engineer  had  received 
the  package  forwarded  by  Mr.  Hardisty  and  directed  him  to  discontinue  the 
survey  and  return  to  the  coast  with  his  party.  It  also  informed  Mr.  Moberly 
that  Marcus  Smith,  C.  E.,  had  been  appointed  to  take  charge  of  the  exploratory 
surveys  in  British  Columbia.  This  was  joyful  news  as  Mr.  Moberly  now  saw 
his  way  clear  to  get  out  of  the  distasteful  occupation  of  making  useless  surveys. 
Shortly  afterward  he  received  a  despatch  from  Marcus  Smith,  informing  him 
of  his  appointment  and  requesting  him  to  find  a  line  feasible  for  a  railway  west 
from  the  Tete  Jaune  Cache  into  the  valley  of  the  Horse-fly  river  or  into  the 
basin  of  the  Ouesnel  lake. 

The  party"  started  on  their  return  journey  and  got  east  of  Moose  lake  and 
there  Mr.  Moberly  directed  Mr.  Green  to  make  a  short  survey  along  the  south 
bank  of  the  Eraser  while  he  himself  went  to  the  head  waters  of  the  Canoe  and 
North  Thompson  rivers  to  "see  if  he  could  find  a  pass  in  the  direction  Mr.  Smith 
desired.  Finding  no  pass  in  that  direction,  he  went  to  the  forks  of  the  Albreda 
and  North  Thompson  rivers  and  up  the  valley  of  the  latter.  Travel  was  difficult 
until  a  high  elevation  was  reached.  He  pursued  his  way  until  he  was  sur- 
rounded by  high  snow-capped  peaks  and  glaciers  that  presented  an  impenetrable 
wall  of  rock,  snow  and  ice.  Returning  to  the  forks  of  the  Thompson  and  Albreda 
rivers,  they  went  down,  in  an  old  patched  up  log  canoe,  the  North  Thompson 
river  in  preference  to  walking  to  Kamloops,  where  Mr.  Green  and  his  party  had 
preceded  them.  The  Indians  were  expert  canoemen,  handling  the  boat  to 
perfection,  and  soon  after  dark  the  party  camped  on  what  is  known  as  the 


984  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

Blue  Prairie.  Here  they  left  the  canoe  and  Mr.  Moberly  in  advance  of  his  party 
passed  through  a  lovely  valley  to  the  mouth  of  the  North  Thompson  river,  where 
he  met  his  commissariat  officer,  A.  G.  Hall.  He  instructed  him  to  hand  over  all' 
the  pack  animals  to  Marcus  Smith  at  Kamloops,  get  receipts  for  the  same  and 
take  all  further  orders  from  that  gentleman.  This  ended  the  explorations  and 
surveys  of  Mr.  Moberly  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  through  the  mountain 
region  of  Canada  and  the  above  instructions  were  the  last  which  he  gave  in  con- 
nection with  that  great  national  railway  for  which  he  gave  so  many  years  of 
toil,  of  hardship,  of  privation  and  personal  expense  to  secure  the  best  route 
and  in  his  opinion  the  route  to  adopt,  and  as  before  remarked,  the  one  which 
the  engineer  in  chief  had  advised  to  be  abandoned. 

Mr.  Moberly  for  many  years  took  up  his  quarters  with  his  never-failing 
friends,  the  officers  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  in  Fort  Kamloops,  where 
at  this  juncture  he  remained  a  short  time,  and  on  telling  the  officer  in  charge 
that  as  soon  as  he  could  close  up  all  matters  in  connection  with  the  exploratory 
surveys  he  would  leave  the  service  as  he  entirely  disagreed  with  the  course  the 
engineer  in  chief  was  following,  the  commandant  insisted  on  providing  him  with 
horses  and  Indians  to  take  him  down  to  Yale,  as  that  was  probably  the  last 
opportunity  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  would  have  in  British  Columbia  of 
doing  a  service  to  Mr.  Moberly  and  showing  their  appreciation  of  their  long 
social  intercourse  and  their  many  agreeable  business  transactions  ever  since  his 
arrival  in  British  Columbia  in  1858.  On  arriving  at  Victoria  Mr.  Moberly  met 
and  soon  formed  a  very  friendly  acquaintance  with  the  late  Marcus  Smith  which 
lasted  until  the  latter's  death.  Shortly  thereafter  he  left  Victoria  for  Ottawa, 
where  he  was  very  coldly  received  by  the  engineej  in  chief.  The  latter  very  un- 
necessarily detained  Mr.  iMoberly  after  the  auditor  had  passed  his  accounts  in  a 
satisfactory  manner.  He  caused  the  accounts  to  be  sent  to  another  auditor  to 
be  gone  over  again  and  Mr.  Moberly  had  to  wait  because  he  could  not  get  his 
hard-earned  pay  and  actually  had  to  borrow  money  to  pay  for  his  board  and 
lodging.  After  several  months  the  engineer  in  chief  signed  a  cheque  to  Mr. 
Moberly  for  his  pay  to  the  time  of  the  completion  of  the  first  auditing  but 
would  not  pay  any  salary  for  the  time  up  to  the  second  auditing  or  pay  any  of 
the  expenses  incurred  during  the  time  of  Mr.  Moberly's  stay  in  Ottawa.  He 
protested  at  this  unjust  treatment  but  without  avail.  He  lost  a  large  amount 
of  money  which  the  Dominion  government  has  never  seen  fit  to  pay. 

After  getting  clear  of  the  engineer  in  chief  Mr.  Moberly  went  to  make  his 
headquarters  in  Winnipeg  for  the  purpose  of  getting  a  personal  knowledge  of 
the  country  west  from  Lake  Superior  to  the  Rocky  mountains,  which  he  obtained, 
and  also  of  the  line  the  engineer  in  chief  was  trying  to  have  adopted  via  Selkirk, 
the  Narrows  of  Lake  Manitoba  and  thence  northerly.  Mr.  Moberly  did  his 
utmost  to  get  the  line  adopted  according  to  his  original  line  in  order  that  Winni- 
peg should  be  on  the  main  line  and  the  valley  of  the  Columbia  reached,  which 
would  necessitate  the  line  passing  through  Eagle  Pass  and  thence  to  Vancouver. 
His  exertions  finally  led  to  the  adoption  of  the  present  line  from  Revelstoke  to 
Vancouver,  where  it  terminates  at  the  magnificent  harbor  of  Burrard  Inlet 
and  has  brought  into  existence  the  flourishing  and  beautiful  city  of  Vancouver, 
the  city  whose  site  he  preempted  in  1859,  when  he  sunk  shafts  to  try  and  find 
coal  in  Coal  Harbor.  It  must  be  very  gratifying  to  Mr.  .Moberly  that  his  exer- 
tions, extending  over  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century,  tended  materially  to  insure 
the  welfare  and  prosperity  of  many  thousands  of  people  throughout  British 
Columbia  as  well  as  the  country  extending  from  the  Rocky  mountains  to  Win- 
nipeg. 

After  many  years  of  activity  in  various  other  parts  of  Canada  Mr.  Moberly 
returned  to  Vancouver  as  soon  as  gold  was  discovered  in  the  Klondike  to  pro- 
mote the  construction  of  a  railroad  from  the  forty-ninth  parallel,  passing  through 
New  Westminster,  Vancouver,  Fort  George  and  Dawson  to  the  eastern  boundary 
of  Alaska.  He  organized  a  company  to  obtain  a  charter  for  this  railway  and  then 
went  to  Victoria  with  Adolphus  Williams  and  obtained  it  from  the  provincial 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  985 

government.  The  inception  of  this  road  is  generally  credited  to  John  Hendry  but 
it  was  Mr.  Moberly  who  went  to  Mr.  Hendry  in  his  office  in  the  Hastings  mill 
and  first  laid  the  proposition  before  him,  asking  him  to  join  Mr.  Moberly  and 
some  other  gentlemen  whom  he  had  seen  in  the  endeavor  to  get  this  proposed 
railway  constructed. 

It  is  unnecessary  to  add  anything  to  the  foregoing  to  give  expression  to  the 
extraordinary  work  which  Mr.  Moberly  has  done  in  building  up  the  province, 
and  the  respect  and  veneration  which  is  conceded  him  on  all  hands  is  but  the 
natural  expression  of  the  sincere  thanks  of  the  present  generation  which  is  due 
him  for  laying  the  foundation  of  the  North  American  Empire  under  the  British 
flag.  At  the  age  of  eighty-one  Mr.  Moberly  is  still  actively  interested  in  all 
matters  that  make  for  progress  and  his  words  of  encouragement,  experience 
and  advice  are  eagerly  sought  and  followed  in  the  launching  of  new  projects  of 
vital  importance  to  the  city  and  province. 


FRANK  WOODMAN  ADAMS. 

Frank  Woodman  Adams,  a  member  of  the  firm  of  E.  B.  Marvin  &  Com- 
pany, ship-chandlers  and  Importers  and  dealers  in  anchors,  chains,  cordage, 
tents  and  flags,  at  No.  1202  Wharf  street,  was  born  at  St.  John,  New  Bruns- 
wick, June  20,  1857,  and  is  the  only  son  in  a  family  of  three  children,  whose 
parents  were  John  Robert  and  Minerva  (Woodman)  Adams,  of  whom  the  for- 
mer was  a  native  of  New  Brunswick  and  the  latter  of  Nova  Scotia.  Further 
mention  of  them  is  made  on  another  page  of  this  work.  The  paternal  grand- 
parents were  natives  of  New  Brunswick,  where  the  grandfather  followed  agri- 
cultural pursuits.  The  maternal  grandparents  were  natives  of  Nova  Scotia 
and  were  also  farming  people. 

Frank  W.  Adams  was  only  about  two  years  old  when  brought  by  his  parents 
to  Victoria,  and  in  the  public  and  private  schools  of  the  city  he  pursued  his 
education  but  laid  aside  his  text-books  at  an  early  age  and  entered  the  clothing 
store  of  W.  &  J.  Wilson,  in  the  capacity  of  clerk.  After  remaining  there  for 
seven  years,  he  left  the  firm  to  enter  the  employ  of  E.  B.  Marvin,  a  ship-chand- 
ler. This  was  in  the  year  1875,  and  through  the  following  twelve  years  he 
served  in  the  capacity  of  a  clerk,  mastering  every  detail  of  the  business.  In 
1887  he  acquired  an  interest  in  the  enterprise  and  it  was  at  that  date  that  the 
company  was  reorganized  under  the  present  style,  becoming  known  as  E.  B. 
Marvin  &  Company,  the  partners  in  the  enterprise  being  E.  B.  Marvin,  Captain 
J.  G.  Cox  and  F.  W.  Adams.  The  company  immediately  engaged  in  the  sealing 
industry,  which  in  this  section  was  then  in  its  infancy.  They  started  with  one 
schooner,  the  Sapphire,  which  was  brought  around  to  Victoria  from  Halifax, 
by  Captain  J.  G.  Cox.  Soon  afterward  they  became  owners  of  the  schooner 
Triumph,  and  the  fleet  was  gradually  increased  by  the  addition  of  the  E.  B 
Marvin,  the  Carlotta,  G.  Cox  and  the  Vera,  which  was  formerly  the  yacht  Haly- 
con,  of  San  Francisco,  and  which  was  notorious  as  a  smuggler  of  opium  in  the 
early  days  and  occasioned  much  anxiety  and  annoyance  to  the  American  govern- 
ment. Other  vessels  owned  by  the  company  were  the  Annie  E.  Paint  and  the 
Florence  M.  Smith.  These  vessels  were  put  out  of  the  sealing  business  by  the  reg- 
ulations and  restrictions  imposed  by  the  Paris  tribunal,  and  have  laid  in  the 
Victoria  harbor  inactive,  since  1908,  until  recently,  when  several  of  them  were 
sold.  Mr.  Adams  is  very  prominently  identified  with  the  commission  for  the 
settlement  of  claims  due  to  the  sealers  of  British  Columbia  by  the  Dominion 
government.  He  is  the  only  surviving  member  of  the  firm  of  E.  B.  Marvin  & 
Company,  Mr.  Marvin's  death  having  occurred  in  1910,  while  Captain  Cox 
passed  away  in  1908.  Since  1910  Mr.  Adams  has  had  full  charge  of  the  busi- 
ness, which  has  grown  to  extensive  proportions  and  ranks  among  the  largest 
and  most  favorably  known  enterprises  of  the  kind  in  British  Columbia.  The 


986  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

interests  of  the  house  include  every  feature  of  the  ship-chandlery  business  and 
they  are  well  known  as  importers  and  dealers  in  anchors,  chains,  manila  and 
hemp  cordage,  tents,  flags,  etc.  They  are  sole  agents  of  R.  Hood  Haggie  &  Sons' 
English  black  and  galvanized  iron  and  steel  wire  ropes  for  ships  rigging,  logg- 
ing and  mines.  They  also  have  the  sole  agency  here  for  Francis  Webster  & 
Sons'  hemp  sail  duck,  Holzapfel's  copper  paint  and  composition  and  for  the 
firm  of  John  Shaw  &  Son,  of  Wolverhampton,  England. 

On  the  1 5th  of  November,  1875,  Mr.  Adams  was  married  to  Miss  Sadie 
E.  Gerow,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Deborah  Gerow,  natives  of  Ontario. 
They  have  become  the  parents  of  five  children,  of  whom  four  are  living: 
Walter  Edward,  mentioned  elsewhere  in  this  work ;  Vera  Grace,  a  teacher 
in  the  Craigflower  school  at  Victoria;  Isla  Estelle,  now  residing  with  her  par- 
ents; and  Ernest  Gerow,  with  E.  G.  Prior  &  Company,  of  Victoria. 

Mr.  Adams  is  fond  of  outdoor  life  and  his  favorite  recreations  are  fishing 
and  hunting.  He  is  affable  and  has  a  pleasing  personality,  and  has  an  extensive 
circle  of  warm  friends.  Both  he  and  his  wife  are  active  members  of  the  Method- 
ist church  and  Mrs.  Adams  is  president  of  the  Victoria  Young  Women's  Chris- 
tian Association.  The  Adams  home  at  No.  3056,  Ejnma  street,  is  a  large  and 
attractive  place,  the  residence  standing  in  the  midst  of  six  acres  of  ground, 
highly  improved.  In  fact,  this  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  homes  of  Victoria 
and  is  justly  celebrated  for  its  gracious  and  warm  hearted  hospitality.  <Mr. 
Adams  is  today  reckoned  as  one  of  the  substantial  and  valued  citizens  of  Vic- 
toria and  through  his  own  efforts  has  attained  to  the  enviable  business  posi- 
tion which  he  occupies. 


JOHN  HAMILTON  GRAY,  JR. 

To  mention  John  Hamilton  Gray,  Jr.,  as  a  civil  engineer  and  surveyor  places 
him  in  a  class  in  which  there  are  many  representatives  of  the  profession  of  but 
mediocre  ability.  He  deserves  much  more  than  this,  as  his  professional  position 
is  one  of  eminence.  The  history  of  his  life,  if  given  in  detail,  would  present  a  clear 
picture  of  railroad  building  and  development  throughout  the  province  and  indeed 
his  labors  have  been  extended  into  various  other  sections  of  Canada.  His  ability 
has  gained  him  continuous  advancement,  and  although  one  of  the  oldest  represent- 
atives of  the  profession  in  the  northwest,  he  has  kept  at  all  times  abreast  with 
all  that  science  and  practical  experience  have  taught  and  in  fact  has  been  a  leader 
in  solving  many  of  the  problems  which  confront  the  worker  in  the  field. 

Mr.  Gray  was  born  December  25,  1853,  at  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  a  son 
of  John  Hamilton  and  Eliza  (Ormond)  Gray.  His  father,  a  barrister  by  profes- 
sion, was  identified  with  the  public  affairs  of  the  province  of  New  Brunswick  before 
and  after  the  confederation.  He  was  always  a  great  enthusiast  on  the  question 
of  confederation  of  the  provinces,  and  newspapers  of  that  period  report  a  speech  in 
which  he  prophesied  and  urged  the  amalgamation  of  provincial  interests.  He  became 
one  of  the  "fathers  of  confederation"  and  was  the  intimate  of  the  leading  men 
of  that  period  and  a  personal  friend  of  Joseph  Howe  of  Nova  Scotia.  He  repre- 
sented St.  John  city  and  county  in  the  Dominion  house  until  appointed  a  judge 
of  the  supreme  court,  his  being  the  first  appointment  made  in  British  Columbia. 
Extended  mention  of  him  is  found  on  another  page  of  this  work.  His  wife 
was  a  daughter  of  Colonel  Harry  Smith  Ormond  of  the  Forty-ninth  and  Thirtieth 
Regiments.  He  was  born  in  Maugerville,  Sunbury  county,  New  Brunswick,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1784,  and  he  died  in  his  native  province  in  1864,  although  his  life  for 
the  most  part  was  spent  abroad,  his  military  activity  taking  him  into  all  parts  of 
the  world.  He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Lieutenant  George  Ormond,  adjutant  of  the 
Queen's  Rangers,  Colonel  Graves  Simcoe's  famous  loyalist  corps  of  the  American 
revolution.  The  Ormonds  were  a  race  of  soldiers  and  direct  descendants  of  the 
celebrated  Duke  of  Ormond,  lord  lieutenant  of  Ireland  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 


JOHN  H.  GRAY 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  989 

Colonel  Harry  Smith  Ormond  received  his  commission  as  ensign  November  8, 
1799,  and  entered  the  Forty-ninth  Regiment  when  but  fifteen  years  of  age.  He 
served  with  the  detachment  of  the  regiment  on  His  Majesty's  Ship  Glatten  at  the 
battle  of  Copenhagen  in  1801  and  commanded  the  guard  of  honor  that  received 
Lord  Nelson  when  he  visited  the  ship  after  the  engagement.  On  the  28th  of 
August,  1801,  Colonel  Ormond  was  promoted  lieutenant  and  became  captain  on 
the  24th  of  September  following.  In  June,  1802,  the  regiment  sailed  for  Quebec 
and  later  played  an  important  part  in  the  early  military  history  of  Canada.  For 
ten  years  they  garrisoned  the  principal  forts  on  the  frontiers,  and  with  that  com- 
mand Colonel  Ormond  served  in  the  campaigns  on  the  Canadian  frontiers  during 
1812  and  1814.  After  the  close  of  the  war  with  the  United  States  in  the  latter 
year,  the  Forty-ninth  returned  to  England,  having  been  stationed  in  Upper  Canada 
seventeen  years.  Colonel  Ormond  also  served  in  India  and  was  at  the  Cape  of 
Good  Hope  from  1825  until  1835.  He  was  one  of  the  first  British  officers  who 
made  possible  friendly  intercourse  with  the  Kaffir  chiefs.  In  1829  he  was  promoted 
major  with  the  brevet  rank  of  lieutenant  colonel  and  appointed  aide-de-camp  to 
Princess  Charlotte  of  Wales,  daughter  of  George  IV  and  Queen  Caroline.  On 
the  I4th  of  September,  1842,  he  arrived  in  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  and  assumed 
command  of  the  Thirtieth  Regiment,  returning  the  following  year  to  England.  It 
was  while  stationed  at  St.  John  that  he  became  acquainted  with  Hon.  John  H. 
Gray,  who  later  visited  Colonel  Ormond  in  Dublin  and  there  met  and  married 
his  daughter  Eliza.  In  1853  Colonel  Ormond  returned  to  New  Brunswick  and 
his  last  years  were  spent  in  his  native  province.  Unto  Hon.  J.  H.  Gray  and  his 
wife  were  born  seven  children,  who  are  living  with  one  exception. 

The  father's  namesake,  John  Hamilton  Gray  of  this  review,  acquired  his  early 
education  through  private  tuition  and  afterward  attended  the  St.  John  grammar 
school  under  Drs.  Hutchinson  and  Manning.  He  later  spent  two  and  a  half  years 
at  the  University  of  New  Brunswick  and  subsequently  attended  St.  Joseph's  Col- 
lege at  Ottawa,  thus  winning  his  professional  degrees.  Following  the  completion 
of  his  course  he  entered  upon  civil  engineering  and  land  surveying,  serving  articles 
in  Ontario  for  the  latter  and  officially  appointed  for  British  Columbia  in  1878.  He 
arrived  in  this  province  in  May,  1873, — one  of  a  party  of  four  civil  engineers — to 
join  the  staff  of  the  well  known  Martin  Smith,  'who  arrived  here  the  same  year 
in  charge  of  Dominion  railway  affairs.  The  little  party  was  taken  from  Winnipeg, 
then  Fort  Garry,  and  started  across  the  plains  but  was  recalled  and  traveled  up 
the  Red  river'by  steamer  to  St.  Paul  and  thence  by  the  Union  and  Central  Pacific 
Railways  to  San  Francisco.  From  that  point  the  men  proceeded  by  steamer  to 
Portland  and  thence  by  railway  and  stage  to  Tacoma,  Washington,  and  on  to 
British  Columbia,  since  which  time  Mr.  Gray  has  been  a  resident  of  the  province. 
He  has  been  associated  with  important  engineering  projects  in  connection  with  rail- 
way construction,  dyking  and  irrigation.  In  his  younger  manhood  he  was  thus 
identified  with  the  building  of  the  Northern  Railway  of  Canada,  the  Dawson  route 
between  Thunder  Bay  and  Fort  Garry  and  with  the  early  Dominion  government 
surveys  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway.  He  spent  three  years  in  that  con- 
nection east  of  the  mountains  and  five  years  in  British  Columbia.  After  that 
period  upon  the  construction  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  he  performed  important 
engineering  feats  in  railroad  building  in  the  Fraser  canyons  and  he  was  in  charge 
of  the  northern  portion  of  the  Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo  Railway,  together  with  a 
large  number  of  the  smaller  railways  built  in  British  Columbia  between  1885 
and  1900.  He  was  actively  engaged  on  the  exploration  of  the  north  half  of 
Vancouver  island  for  the  establishment  of  a  railway  route  for  the  provincial 
government  and  he  did  some  important  dyking  on  the  Fraser  river,  together  with 
notable  irrigation  projects  in  eastern  Washington.  In  the  conduct  of  his  pro- 
fessional interests  he  became  senior  partner  of  the  firm  of  J.  H.  Gray  &  Milligan 
Brothers.  Beside  important  reconnoissance  surveys  in  British  Columbia,  they 
varied  their  operations  by  developing  and  executing  one  of  the  largest  irrigation 
schemes  in  the  dry  belt  in  Washington.  At  a  more  recent  date  they  established 
a  bureau  of  information,  instituted  for  the  benefit  of  tlneir  clients  and  actual  set- 


990  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

tiers  who  need  reports,  maps  and  information  concerning  the  many  large  areas 
of  land  coming  under  the  personal  observation  of  Mr.  Gray  and  his  business 
associates.  The  partnership  was  terminated  in  May,  1913,  so  that  Mr.  Gray  is 
now  the  sole  owner  of  the  business.  He  has  since  associated  with  him  A.  J.  Julier, 
who  acts  as  his  land  agent  in  connection  with  the  many  areas  surveyed  for  syndi- 
cates and  private  owners.  As  the  execution  of  important  civil  engineering  and  sur- 
veying projects  have  carried  him  into  different  sections  of  the  country  Mr.  Gray 
has  made  judicious  and  extensive  investment  in  real  estate,  owning  lands  through- 
out British  Columbia.  He  is  also  interested  in  some  mining  companies  of  which 
he  has  been  chairman  or  director. 

In  1888,  in  Portland,  Oregon,  Mr.  Gray  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Frances 
Arbuthnot,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Elinor  (Harvey)  Arbuthnot,  of  Surrey, 
England.  Her  father  was  a  London  barrister  who  at  the  time  of  her  marriage 
was  visiting  the  United  States  for  his  health.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gray  have  a  daughter, 
Gladys  Arbuthnot  Hamilton  Gray.  The  family  home  is  an  attractive  residence  in 
Victoria  and  they  occupy  an  enviable  position  in  social  circles.  Mr.  Gray  is  a 
conservative  in  politics,  active  in  support  of  the  party  in  a  private  way,  yet  not  an 
office  seeker.  He  has  held  no  political  offices  beyond  professional  appointments. 
He  served,  however,  as  provincial  inspector  of  railways  and  government  resident 
engineer  on  the  Shushwap  &  Okanagan  Railway  between  1885  and  1895,  and 
previously  he  was  inspector  on  the  construction  of  the  Matsqui  dyke.  His  religious 
faith  is  evidenced  in  his  membership  in  the  Church  of  England  and  he  belongs  to 
the  Union  and  Pacific  Clubs  of  Victoria. 


ROBERT  PIM   BUTCHART. 

Robert  Pirn  Butchart,  a  prominent  representative  of  manufacturing  and 
industrial  interests  in  British  Columbia,  is  the  managing  director  of  the  Van- 
couver Portland  Cement  Company,  Lmited,  and  was  one  of  the  pioneers  in  the 
cement  business  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago.  His  birth  occurred  at  Owen 
Sound,  Ontario,  on  the  3Oth  of  March,  1856,  his  parents  being  George  M.  and 
Mary  (Chatwin)  Butchart.  The  father,  a  native  of  Scotland  and  a  landowner, 
was  successfully  engaged  in  the  hardware  business  at  Owen  Sound  until  his 
death  in  1884.  He  was  likewise  prominent  in  military  affairs,  serving  as  cap- 
tain of  the  Thirty-first  Battalion.  His  widow  is  still  living. 

Robert  P.  Butchart  was  reared  in  Owen  Sound  and  in  the  acquirement  of 
his  education  attended  the  public  schools  and  collegiate  institute  of  that  place. 
After  putting  aside  his  text-books  he  became  associated  with  his  father  in 
the  hardware  business  and  at  the  time  of  the  latter's  death,  in  1884,  ne  and 
his  brother  succeeded  to  the  ownership  of  the  concern,  which  is  still  carried  on.' 
In  1888  R.  P.  Butchart  severed  active  connection  with  the  enterprise  to  organ- 
ize the  Owen  Sound  Portland  Cement  Company,  which  was  one  of  the  pioneer 
concerns  in  the  cement  business.  The  year  previous  to  its  inception  only  two 
hundred  thousand  barrels  of  cement  had  been  made  on  the  American  continent. 
The  venture  was  entirely  new  and  its  possibilities  were  unknown,  for  up  to 
that  time  there  seemed  no  necessity  to  find  a  substitute  for  wood  and  stone 
as  building  materials.  Mr.  Butchart's  prescience  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that 
during  the  year  1912  eighty-four  million  barrels  of  cement  were  produced  in 
the  United  States  and  Canada.  He  made  the  Owen  Sound  Portland  Cement 
Company  a  profitable  and  extensive  producing  concern  and  also  assisted  in 
establishing  the  Lakefield  Portland  Cement  Company  at  Lakefield,  Ontario.  In 
1904  he  came  west  to  British  Columbia,  establishing  at  Tod  Inlet,  Vancouver 
island,  the  first  Portland  cement  plant  in  the  province.  It  had  a  capacity  of 
one  hundred  thousand  barrels  yearly.  Extending  his  interests,  Mr.  Butchart 
established  the  Alberta  Portland  Cement  Company  of  Calgary,  Alberta,  in 
1907,  and  soon  afterward  assisted  in  establishing  the  Lakefield  Portland  Cement 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  991 

Company  at  Montreal.  The  Vaucouver  concern  now  has  a  handsome,  modern 
and  completely  equipped  plant  with  a  daily  capacity  of  three  thousand  barrels 
and  furnishes  employment  to  three  hundred  men.  The  plant  is  splendidly 
located  amid  most  beautiful  and  healthful  surroundings.  Mr.  Butchart  devotes 
much  attention  to  the  manufacture  of  the  product  and  spends  most  of  his  time 
at  the  plant,  making  his  home  near  by.  He  is  a  director  in  a  number  of  indus- 
trial corporations  in  Canada  and  the  United  States  and  is  also  a  director  of  the 
well  known  house  of  Evans,  Coleman  &  Evans,  Limited,  of  Victoria  and  Van- 
couver. He  possesses  untiring  energy,  is  quick  of  perception,  forms  his  plans 
readily  and  is  determined  in  their  execution,  and  his  close  application  to  busi- 
ness and  his  excellent  management  have  brought  to  him  the  high  degree  of 
prosperity  which  is  today  his. 

As  a  companion  and  helpmate  on  the  journey  of  life  Mr.  Butchart  chose 
Miss  Jennie  Foster  Kennedy,  of  Toronto,  by  whom  he  has  two  daughters. 
His  home,  situated  near  Tod  Inlet  and  known  as  Benvenuto,  is  one  of  the  many 
beautiful  residences  on  Vancouver  island.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver 
Club,  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria,  the  Victoria  Golf  Club,  the  Victoria  Tennis 
Club  and  the  Royal  Yacht  Club  and  finds  keen  pleasure  in  yachting. 


JOHN   HAM    KILMER,   C.   E. 

John  Ham  Kilmer,  now  serving  as  city  engineer  of  Port  Coquitlam,  was  born 
in  Warkworth,  Ontario,  on  the  22d  of  July,  1861,  and  is  a  son  of  Edward  and 
Jane  (Ford)  Kilmer.  He  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  and  high  schools 
of  his  native  city  and  afterward  studied  civil  engineering  in  the  School  of  Science 
in  Toronto.  Upon  beginning  his  active  career  he  turned  his  attention  to  the 
mercantile  business  but  afterward  followed  his  profession  of  civil  engineering. 
Mr.  Kilmer  prospected  in  British  Columbia  in  1898  and  1899  but  with  this 
exception  has  been  continuously  engaged  in  important  professional  work  since 
he  began  practice.  He  was  made  assistant  city  engineer  of  Vancouver  in  1900 
and  served  for  six  years  thereafter.  In  1912  he  acted  as  supervising  engineer  for 
the  municipality  of  Coquitlam  and  in  1913  was  appointed  city  engineer  of  Port 
Coquitlam.  He  is  in  addition  a  director  in  the  Vancouver  Paint  &  Refining 
Company  and  in  the  Vancouver  Colonization  Company. 

In  Quincy,  Plumas  county,  California,  Mr.  Kilmer  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Amy  B.  Root,  a  daughter  of  John  S.  Root,  a  native  of  that  community. 
They  have  three  children,  Jane,  Edward  and  Anna.  Mr.  Kilmer  is  a  member  of 
the  Anglican  church  and  belongs  to  the  Commercial  Club  of  Vancouver  and  the 
United  Service  Club.  He  is  past  master  of  the  Masonic  lodge  and  from  1894 
to  1896  served  as  master  of  Durham  Lodge,  No.  306,  G.  R.  of  C.  He  is  a  con- 
servative in  his  political  beliefs  and  is  interested  in  community  advancement 
and  development  without  being  active  as  an  office-seeker.  His  career  has  been 
useful,  honorable  and  worthy  and  his  record  in  the  position  which  he  now  holds 
will  undoubtedly  add  to  the  credit  in  which  his  name  has  long  been  held  in  this 
province. 


CECIL   BERNARD   SWINHOE   PHELAN. 

Cecil  Bernard  Swinhoe  Phelan  is  a  well  known  representative  of  the  Victoria 
bar,  for  although  he  has  been  engaged  in  practice  here  only  since  1910  his  ability 
was  manifest  in  the  cases  which  were  early  entrusted  to  his  care.  He  was  born 
in  Clonmel,  County  Tipperary,  Ireland,  November  15,  1879,  a  son  of  Alfred 
B.  and  Ada  Phelan.  The  father  was  a  civil  engineer  in  the  Indian  civil  service 
in  the  Punjab  for  about  forty  years,  but  is  now  retired.  The  mother's  people 


992  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

were  from  time  immemorial  solicitors  for  the  East  India  Company.  The  maternal 
grandfather  was  the  late  Lieutenant  General  Swinhoe,  who  went  through  the 
Sikh  wars  and  the  Indian  Mutiny. 

Cecil  B.  S.  Phelan  pursued  his  education  at  Wimbledon  College,  a  Roman 
Catholic  school  near  London,  England,  to  the  age  of  seventeen  years,  when 
he  left  that  institution  and  entered  Trinity  College  of  Dublin,  there  specializing 
in  the  study  of  history,  law  and  political  science.  He  won  several  prizes  in  those 
subjects  and  was  graduated  as  first  gold  medalist  with  the  class  of  1902,  receiving 
the  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree  with  first  class  honors.  Mr.  Phelan  made  his  initial 
step  in  professional  circles  in  connection  with  journalism,  being  employed  on 
the  Western  Mail  at  Cardiff,  Wales,  and  on  the  Cape  Times  at  Cape  Town, 
South  Africa.  In  1907  he  founded  and  began  the  publication  of  a  commercial 
paper  called  the  South  African  Insurance  and  Commercial  Record.  In  addition 
thereto  he  was  appointed  examiner  in  history  at  the  Cape  University  in  1908. 

Having  prepared  for  the  practice  of  law,  Mr.  Phelan  qualified  at  the  Irish 
and  English  bars  and  engaged  in  active  practice  of  the  profession  in  England 
from  1909  until  1910.  In  the  latter  year  he  came  to  Victoria  and  has  since  been 
numbered  among  the  barristers  of  this  city.  Mr.  Phelan  practices  as  a  barrister, 
solicitor  and  notary  public,  with  a 'suite  of  offices  in  the  Campbell  building,  at 
the  corner  of  Douglas  and  Fort  streets.  He  conducts  a  general  practice  and 
has  been  connected  with  considerable  important  litigation,  in  which  he  has  proven 
his  ability  to  cope  with  intricate  and  involved  law  problems. 

On  the  7th  of  July,  1910,  at  Bedford,  England,  occurred  the  marriage  of 
Mr.  Phelan  and  Miss  Muriel  Norman,  a  daughte^  of  the  Rev.  A.  G.  and  Georgiana 
Norman,  connected  with  the  old  Welsh  family  descended  from  Owen  Glendwyr. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Phelan  have  two  children,  Elaine  and  Paul. 

Mr.  Phelan's  military  service  covers  three  years  in  the  Inns  of  Court  Volun- 
teers, commonly  called  The  Devil's  Own,  owing  to  the  fact  that  King  George 
III  in  reviewing  the  regiment  and  being  informed  that  they  were  composed  of 
lawyers,  dubbed  them  "the  devil's  own."  In  politics  Mr.  Phelan  is  a  conserva- 
tive but  without  ambition  for  office.  He  became  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity  at  Cape  Town,  South  Africa,  joining  St.  George's  lodge.  He  belongs 
to  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria,  but  his  attention  is  chiefly  given  to  his  profession, 
although  he  has  some  other  business  interests,  being  a  director  in  different  local 
companies.  His  life  activities  and  experiences  have  called  him  into  various 
districts.  Born  in  Ireland,  educated  in  India  and  England  and  for  several  years 
a  resident  of  Wales  and  of  South  Africa,  he  is  now  identified  with  western  Canada 
in  its  upbuilding  and  development  and  is  classed  today  among  the  progressive 
residents  of  the  Island  city. 


JOHN    FEATHERSTON. 

John  Feather ston  engages  in  general  farming  and  stock-raising  in  the  vicinity 
of  Steveston,  where  he  owns  eighty  acres  of  highly  improved  and  fertile  land. 
He  was  born  in  King  township,  York  county,  Ontario,  on  the  I2th  of  May,  1867, 
and  is  a  son  of  John  F.  and  Isabella  (Dobson)  Featherston.  The  parents  lived 
many  years  in  King  township,  where  the  father  engaged  in  farming,  but  later 
came  to  British  Columbia.  Both  have  passed  away. 

The  early  life  of  John  Featherston  was  passed  much  in  the  same  manner  as 
that  of  other  lads  in  his  vicinity  at  that  period.  He  obtained  his  education  in  the 
schools  of  York  and  Bruce  counties,  and  while  still  in  his  boyhood  began  qualifying 
himself  for  the  career  of  an  agriculturist  by  assisting  his  father  about  the  home 
farm.  He  remained  with  his  parents  until  he  had  attained  his  majority,  and  then 
came  to  British  Columbia  to  begin  his  independent  career  as  an  agriculturist. 
He  bought  an  eighty-acre  tract  of  partially  improved  land,  and  has  ever  since  dili- 
gently applied  himself  to  its  further  improvement.  His  efforts  in  this  direction 


JOHN  FEATHERSTON 


995 

have  been  rewarded  with  a  good  measure  of  success,  and  the  crude  buildings  he 
first  erected  have  been  replaced  by  an  attractive  residence,  commodious  barns 
and  substantial  outbuildings.  Mr.  Featherston  takes  great  pride  in  his  farm  to 
the  value  of  which  he  has  greatly  added  by  the  introduction  of  modern  improve- 
ments and  machinery.  In  connection  with  general  farming  he  raises  stock  of  a 
high  grade,  having  bred  his  herds  up  from  common  to  pedigreed  strain.  He  is 
especially  proud  of  his  horses,  which  have  been  extensively  exhibited  and  for 
which  he  has  been  awarded  many  first  prizes.  Mr.  Featherston  has  not  confined 
his  activities  to  farming  and  stock-raising  alone,  however,  but  has  interests  along 
other  linesj  and  holds  stock  in  the  Nicola  Valley  Coal  &  Coke  Company  and  other 
local  industries. 

On  the  Hth  of  March,  1898,  Mr.  Featherston  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Nellie  Marington,  a  daughter  of  Charles  M.  Marington,  a  resident  of  Lulu 
island,  and  to  them1  have  been  born  six  children.  In  order  of  birth  they  are  as 
follows:  Lillian  Ellen,  who  is  thirteen  years  of  age;  Mildred  May,  who  has 
passed  the  eleventh  anniversary  of  her  birth;  John  Arthur,  who  is  anticipating 
his  tenth  birthday;  Eva  who  is  seven  years  of  age;  Frank,  five;  and  Herbert 
James,  two  years  old. 

Mr.  Featherston  is  held  in  high  esteem  in  his  community,  where  he  has  mani- 
fested those  qualities  which  well  entitle  him  to  the  respect  of  his  fellow  citizens. 
He  serves  as  commissioner  on  dykes  and  along  this  line  has  done  good  work  for 
the  district.  He  is  a  man  of  enterprising  methods  and  progressive  ideas,  and 
conducts  his  business  transactions  in  a  manner  that  has  won  him  the  confidence 
of  all  who  have  had  dealings  with  him,  and  given  him  the  reputation  of  being 
trustworthy  and  reliable. 


EDWIN  MILAN  CARNCROSS. 

Edwin  Milan  Carncross,  until  recently  a  financial  agent  residing  in  Clover- 
dale,  made  his  home  in  this  province  for  a  quarter  of  a  century  and  is  largely 
interested  in  British  Columbia  lands.  He  is  now  a  resident  of  Long  Beach, 
California.  His  birth  occurred  near  Meridian,  Cayuga  county,  New  York, 
on  the  i8th  of  April,  1863,  his  parents  being  John  and  Mary  A.  (Ellsworth) 
Carncross,  representatives  of  old  New  York  families.  In  the  acquirement  of 
an  education  he  attended  the  public  schools  of  his  native  state,  and  after  putting 
aside  his  text-books  he  turned  his  attention  to  general  agricultural  pursuits. 
In  1888,  when  a  young  man  of  twenty-five  years,  he  came  to  British  Columbia, 
took  out  naturalization  papers  and  resided  continuously  in  Surrey  municipality 
until  December,  1912,  when  he  was  called  to  California  by  the  death  of  his  son 
Roy,  who  had  gone  south  for  his  health.  After  returning  to  this  province  he 
made  his  home  at  Cloverdale  for  a  time  and  then  moved  to  Long  Beach,  Cali- 
fornia, where  he  now  lives.  When  he  first  came  to  British  Columbia  he  worked 
in  the  Royal  City  Camp  and  at  the  same  time  took  up  a  homestead  of  a  quarter 
section  which  he  proved  up.  He  also  dealt  in  real  estate  to  some  extent.  In 
1910  he  and  his  son,  Lyal  D.,  opened  an  office  as  financial  agents,  which  business 
has  proved  very  successful. 

At  Summerset,  Iowa,  on  the  3ist  of  December,  1883,  Mr.  Carncross  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Nettie  Adams,  her  father  being  Josiah  A.  Adams, 
of  Fairfield,  Iowa,  a  representative  of  the  old  Adams  family  of  Virginia.  The 
children  of  this  union  were  as  follows:  Lyal  D.,  the  present  municipal  clerk  of 
Surrey;  Roy  A.,  deceased,  who  wedded  Miss  Isabella  Worrell,  a  daughter  of 
Frank  Worrell,  of  Milner,  British  Columbia;  Roma  E.,  who  for  the  past  year 
has  been  a  teacher  in  the  Huntingdon  school ;  Elmer  E.,  a  student  in  the  Guelph 
Agricultural  College;  and  Marion  A. 

Mr.  Carncross  is  a  liberal  in  his  political  views  but  not  bitterly  partisan, 
considering  the  capability  and  fitness  of  a  candidate  rather  than  his  party 


996  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

affiliation.  He  served  as  collector  of  taxes  for  Surrey  municipality  from  1894 
until  his  resignation  because  of  eye  trouble  in  January,  1911.  From  1897  unt^ 
his  resignation  on  the  ist  of  January,  1913,  he  also  acted  in  the  capacity  of 
municipal  clerk,  and  his  official  duties  were  ever  discharged  in  a  highly  commend- 
able and  creditable  manner.  His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presbyterian 
church.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Carncross  are  well  known  in  their  home  community, 
where  they  have  won  many  friends.  He  is  a  man  of  marked  business  enterprise 
and  firm  determination  that  enables  him  to  carry  forward  to  successful  comple- 
tion whatever  he  undertakes. 


ROBINSON  F.  WADDINGTON. 

Robinson  F.  Waddington,  ex-mayor  of  Chilliwack  and  since  1909  actively 
connected  with  its  political  interests,  was  born  at  St.  Helens,  England,  Septem- 
ber 26,  1862,  a  son  of  Joshua  and  Margaret  (Sharpe)  Waddington.  He 
acquired  his  education  in  Leeds  and  remained  in  his  native  country  until  he  was 
eighteen  years  of  age,  at  which  time  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  to  Canada  and 
settled  in  Fort  William,  where  for  almost  thirty  years  he  worked  as  a  professional 
accountant  and  was  actively  interested  in  much  important  exploring  and  sur- 
vey work.  In  1909  he  came  to  Chilliwack  and  entered  upon  his  political  career 
in  1911,  when  he  was  elected  alderman.  He  did  such  able  and  businesslike  work 
that  in  the  following  year  he  was  made  mayor  of  the  city.  He  has  accom- 
plished much  constructive  public  work  along  lines  of  civic  improvement,  for 
during  his  administration  the  city  hall  was  built  at  a  cost  of  twenty-five  thousand 
dollars,  miles  of  cement  sidewalks  were  laid  and  many  streets  improved  and 
beautified.  His  record  in  office  is  honorable  and  worthy,  for  he  not  only  adheres 
to  high  standards  of  political  conscientiousness  but  he  possesses  also  that  execu- 
tive and  far-sighted  business  ability  which  makes  his  integrity  a  compelling  force. 

In  1889  Mr.  Waddington  maried  Miss  Ryde,  of  Fort  William,  Ontario,  and 
both  are  now  well  known,  in  social  circles  of  Chilliwack.  They  have  become  the 
parents  of  four  children.  Mr.  Waddington  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church 
and  has  been  lay  reader  for  twenty-five  years.  He  has  always  been  an  active 
conservative,  giving  to  that  party  loyal  and  hearty  support.  Nevertheless,  he 
is  essentially  nonpartisan,  a  believer  in  clean  and  pure  politics,  and  he  never 
withholds  his  cooperation  from  any  project  which  he  believes  will  advance  the 
moral,  intellectual  or  material  welfare  of  his  citv. 


HON.  JOHN  ROBSON. 

Time  gives  the  perspective  which  places  each  individual  in  his  proper  relations 
and  proportions  to  the  events  and  people  who  figure  on  the  pages  of  history. 
Twenty-one  years  have  come  and  gone  since  the  Hon.  John  Robson,  premier  of 
British  Columbia,  passed  away  in  London.  Time  has  served  to  heighten  his 
fame  and  establish  his  position  as  one  of  the  eminent  citizens,  not  only  of  the 
western  province  but  of  the  Dominion.  He  possessed  heroic  qualities,  manifest 
in  the  unfaltering  courage  with  which  he  sustained  a  position  that  he  believed  to 
be  right.  Added  to  his  courage  were  the  qualities  of  statesmanship  that  enabled 
him  to  direct  affairs  of  incalculable  importance  to  the  country,  and  even  those 
who  opposed  him  politically  entertained  for  him  the  highest  regard,  honoring  him 
for  his  substantial  qualities  of  manhood  and  citizenship.  Ontario  numbered  him 
among  her  native  sons,  as  he  was  born  in  Perth  on  the  i4th  of  March,  1824.  His 
father,  John  Robson,  was  a  native  of  Scotland  and  from  him  his  son  and  name- 
sake undoubtedly  inherited  some  of  those  sterling  traits  which  have  always  char- 
acterized the  Scotch  race  and  which  made  him  so  fearless  and  zealous  in  defense 


JOHN  ROBSON 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  999 

of  the  principles  which  he  espoused.  The  mother  was  Mrs.  Euphemia  Richard- 
son Thompson,  a  widow  at  the  time  of  her  marriage  to  John  Robson  at  Perth, 
Ontario.  Sixteen  children  were  born  of  this  union,  one  of  whom  became  the 
Rev.  Ebenezer  Robson,  D.  D.,  distinguished  missionary  and  minister,  who  preached 
the  gospel  with  notable  success  in  British  Columbia.  A  sister,  Mrs.  T.  D.  Pear- 
son, residing  in  New  Westminster,  is  the  wife  of  a  retired  clergyman  of  the 
.Methodist  Episcopal  church.  Another  brother  was  a  pioneer  resident  of  New 
Westminster  and  for  many  years  was  a  government  official.  The  father,  John 
Robson,  Sr.,  took  a  very  active  and  helpful  part  in  all  religious  work.  Upon 
his  emigration  to  Canada  in  1820  he  settled  at  Lanark,  Perth  county. 

After  acquiring  his  education  in  the  schools  of  Perth  John  Robson  of  this 
review  turned  his  attention  to  commercial  pursuits,  being  thus  employed  prior  to 
his  removal  to  the  far  west.  Attractive  tales  reached  him  concerning  the  country 
beyond  the  Rocky  Mountains  and  in  1859  he  made  his  way  to  the  Cariboo  on 
the  Eraser  river,  where  he  arrived  late  in  that  year.  He  engaged  in  placer  min- 
ing on  the  river  bars  and  met  with  the  usual  hardships  and  difficulties  incident  to 
the  life  of  a  miner  in  frontier  districts.  At  length,  however,  he  removed  to  New 
Westminster,  where  he  established  his  home.  His  financial  resources  were 
extremely  limited  and  he  utilized  various  opportunities  that  would  aid  him  in 
earning  an  honest  living.  He  assisted  in  clearing  lots  in  New  Westminster  and 
while  chopping  down  a  gigantic  Douglas  fir  his  axe  caught  an  intervening  bough 
and  the  keen  blade  descended  upon  his  foot.  In  consequence  thereof  he  was  an 
invalid  for  some  time,  during  which  period  the  recognition  of  his  mental  strength 
led  to  an  offer  that  constituted  an  important  forward  step  in  his  career.  Prom- 
inent townsmen  approached  him  and  offered  him  the  editorship  of  the  Times 
of  New  Westminster,  which  paper  was  not  proving  very  successful  under  the 
management  of  Leonard  Maclure.  The  offer  gave  to  Mr.  Robson  such  an  oppor- 
tunity as  he  had  sought.  From  boyhood  he  had  been  a  close  student  of  important 
questions  which  came  before  his  attention.  He  thought  deeply  and  logically,  his 
mind  being  naturally  analytical  and  inductive.  The  newspaper  field  gave  him  a 
chance  for  the  expression  of  opinions  which  in  time  were  factors  in  shaping  the 
history  of  the  province.  In  1861  he  entered  the  journalistic  field,  establishing 
the  British  Columbian,  which  was  the  pioneer  newspaper  of  the  mainland  and  is 
now  known  as  the  Columbian.  He  wielded  a  facile  pen  and  his  terse  and  trenchant 
writings  soon  won  attention  and  earned  for  him  a  reputation  that  spread  through- 
out the  province.  His  paper  began  to  be  talked  of  throughout  British  Columbia 
and  his  editorials  were  eagerly  read  in  that  period  of  heated  political  feeling, 
awakening  the  strong  indorsement  of  some  and  the  equally  strong  opposition  of 
others.  Never  did  he  swerve  from  a  position  which  he  believed  to  be  tenable 
and  right — and  any  position  that  in  his  mind  was  right  was  also  tenable.  Nothing 
could  swerve  him  from  a  course  which  he  believed  would  benefit  the  public  and 
through  the  columns  of  his  paper  he  advocated  constitutional  government  and 
waged  a  strong  wordy  battle  in  its  defense.  The  position  which  he  took  naturally 
awakened  equally  strong  opposition.  He  never  retreated  an  inch  and  fought  on 
with  undiminished  valor  and  courage  even  when  he  stood  practically  alone  and 
unsupported.  Of  this  period  of  his  life  it  has  been  written:  "He  was  hounded, 
waylaid,  unmercifully  beaten  and  otherwise  maltreated  by  the  myrmidons  of 
the  administration,  but  nothing  could  subdue  his  lion  spirit.  Persecution  utterly 
failed  to  break  his  confidence  in  his  belief  in  the  righteousness  of  his  course  and 
his  tone  remained  unchanged."  At  length  his  unfaltering  advocacy  of  what  he 
believed  to  be  right  won  him  wide  attention  and  the  respect  which  is  always 
accorded  to  the  man  who  fearlessly  defends  his  position.  Honors  began  to  come 
to  him  and  his  ability  for  leadership  was  recognized.  In  1864  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  council  at  New  Westminster  and  the  following  year  was  chosen 
president  of  that  body.  When  mainland  and  island  joined  under  one  provincial 
government  he  was  chosen  to  sit  for  New  Westminster  in  the  provincial  legisla- 
ture of  1867  and  continued  as  a  member  thereof  until  1870,  when  the  terms  of 
the  confederation  were  formulated  and  adopted  by  the  legislature.  Mr.  Robson 

Vol.  Ill— 35 


1000  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

never  lost  an  opportunity  to  further  the  interests  of  confederation  and  was  one  of 
those  who  entered  the  protest  when  the  executive  council  tried  to  overthrow  the 
plans  for  a  union.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Yale  convention  and  was  placed 
upon  the  committee  appointed  to  carry  out  the  resolution  of  the  convention. 

In  1869  Mr.  Robson  removed  to  Victoria,  which  had  been  created  the  capital 
of  the  province,  transferring  his  paper  to  this  city.  At  that  time  the  Hon.  W.  D. 
Higgins  was  proprietor  of  the  paper  called  the  Colonist.  He  soon  afterward  pur- 
chased Mr.  Robson's  paper  and  the  latter  became  editorial  writer  on  the  Colonist, 
which  position  he  continued  to  fill  for  six  years.  Again  official  honors  were  con- 
ferred upon  him.  He  successfully  contested  Nanaimo  for  the  provincial  legis- 
lature in  1871  and  sat  for  that  constituency  until  1875.  He  next  accepted'  the 
federal  position  of  paymaster  and  commissary  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway, 
surveys  west  of  the  Rocky  mountains,  remaining  in  that  capacity  until  1879,  when 
the  office  was  abolished. 

The  same  year  Mr.  Robson  again  became  a  resident  of  New  Westminster, 
where  he  purchased  the  Dominion  Pacific  Herald  from  John  Brown,  changing  the 
name  of  the  paper  to  the  British  Columbian.  His  brother  David  was  associated 
with  him  in  its  publication  until  1882,  in  which  year  John  Robson  was  elected 
to  represent  as  senior  member  the  district  of  New  Westminster  in  the  provincial 
legislature.  On  the  expiration  of  the  Walkem-Beaven  administration  in  January, 
1883,  Mr.  Robson  was  appointed  provincial  secretary,  minister  of  mines  and  min- 
ister of  finance  and  agriculture  under  the  Smithe  government.  The  importance 
and  extent  of  his  public  duties  made  it  necessary  that  he  withdraw  from  the  field 
of  journalism,  in  which  he  had  attained  a  position  of  eminence  in  the  province 
without  a  peer.  What  he  had  undergone  in  his  journalistic  career  would  have 
utterly  disheartened  and  discouraged  a  man  of  less  courageous  spirit  and  heroic 
qualities.  He  suffered  the  utmost  personal  abuse  that  could  be  heaped  upon 
him  by  his  opponents  and,  moreover,  after  publishing  some  very  strong  articles  in 
support  of  his  views  upon  a  vital  question  his  enemies  set  fire  to  and  burned  his 
newspaper  office  in  New  Westminster.  This  greatly  crippled  him  financially  but 
friends  came  to  his  aid  and  as  the  result  of  his  indomitable  energy,  fearlessness, 
determination  and  capable  management  he  was  soon  again  well  established  in 
business  and  the  episode  served  but  to  call  forth  stronger  purpose,  more  indom- 
itable energy  and  greater  courage  on  his  part. 

From  the  time  of  his  retirement  from  journalistic  fields  Mr.  Robson  contin- 
ually advanced  in  his  connection  with  governmental  affairs.  Upon  the  death  of 
Premier  Smithe  in  1887  Mr.  Robson  succeeded  to  his  position  in  the  Davie  cabi- 
net and  following  the  death  of  Mr.  D'avie  in  1889  he  was  called  upon  to  form 
the  cabinet,  of  which  he  was  the  leader  at  the  time  of  his  demise.  In  the  general 
election  of  1886  he  was  reelected  as  a  member  of  the  provincial  parliament  for  the 
New  Westminster  district  and  again  was  so  honored  in  1890,  being  returned  at 
the  head  of  the  poll  for  both  New  Westminster  and  Cariboo,  choosing  the  latter. 
His  most  bitter  opponent  never  attacked  his  honesty,  nor  questioned  his  loyalty 
to  his  position,  and  all  fair-minded  men  respected  him  for  his  fidelity  and  for  his 
capability. 

Mr.  Robson  was  a  lifelong  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church,  thus  adhering 
to  the  faith  of  his  fathers,  and  he  was  a  most  active  worker  in  and  generous  sup- 
porter of  St.  Andrew's  church,  Victoria.  No  good  work  done  in  the  name  of 
charity  or  religion  sought  his  aid  in  vain.  He  became  president  of  the  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  and  displayed  a  deep  and  abiding  interest  in  the 
moral  uplift  of  the  young  men.  He  was  equally  stanch  in  his  advocacy  in  the 
cause  of  temperance.  In  fact,  his  position  was  an  uncompromising  one  in  sup- 
port of  all  that  he  believed  would  contribute  to  the  progress  and  uplift  of  his 
fellow  citizens  and  the  best  interests  of  his  province.  His  example  remains  as 
an  inspiration  to  those  who  know  aught  of  his  history.  His  words  of  counsel 
and  wisdom  sank  deep  into  the  minds  of  many  young  men  and  have  borne  good 
fruit  in  upright  lives.  He  filled  the  office  of  justice  of  the  peace  and  held  a  com- 
mission in  the  Canadian  militia.  He  was  perhaps  best  known  through  his  efforts 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  1001 

as  a  journalist  and  as  a  legislator.  His  writings  were  at  all  times  logical  and  he 
wielded  a  forceful  pen.  It  is  said  "he  had  a  sharp,  incisive  style,  which  went 
straight  to  the  marrow  of  the  subject,  and  he  could  smite  with  extreme  vigor 
when  the  occasion  demanded."  In  his  day  he  was  probably  the  finest  speaker 
in  the  province  and  all  listened  to  him  with  eager  attention.  The  announcement 
that  Hon.  John  Robson  would  occupy  the  platform  was  all  that  was  necessary 
to  draw  an  immense  audience.  He  never  employed  figures  of  rhetoric  to  hide 
his  real  meaning  nor  did  he  ever  clothe  his  thought  in  any  sentimental  garb.  His 
statements  were  plain  and  direct  and  he  made  little  use  of  literary  or  classical 
allusion.  His  logic,  however,  was  strong  and  forcible  and  made  direct  appeal  to 
the  judgment  and  wisdom  of  those  who  listened  to  him.  His  vocabulary  con- 
stantly broadened  and  his  choice  of  English  was  accurate,  exacting  and  pleasing. 
Even  in  his  writings  concerning  his  opponents  he  was  never  vindictive,  and, 
though  he  might  attack  a  position,  he  was  never  abusive  of  the  man  who  hon- 
estly defended  the  position.  He  always  displayed  tact  and  zeal  and  was  at  all 
times  a  gentleman.  Again  it  has  been  written  of  him:  "He  had  a  genial 
suavity  of  manner  that  put  a  stranger  at  his  ease  and  won  his  confidence.  He 
possessed  the  grave  dignity  inseparably  associated  with  the  proper  idea  of  a 
statesman.  His  sense  of  humor  was  very  keen  and  many  a  time  the  legislative 
halls  have  echoed  to  the  laughter  elicited  by  his  quaint  interpretation  of  a  poli- 
tical adversary's  arguments.  When  under  fire  himself  his  admirable  equanimity 
went  far  to  baffle  attack  and  turn  aside  the  shafts  of  sarcasm  and  denunciation. 
He  had  a  manner  of  carrying  his  hearers  along  with  him  'nolens  volens,'  and 
compelling  them  to  listen  with  deepest  attention  to  the  finish.  Often  he  would  rise 
to  flights  of  eloquence  that  made  even  his  opponents  applaud,  thus  proving  that 
he  had  in  him  the  elements  that  compose  the  true  orator.  In  one  thing  he  was 
preeminent  and  that  was  in  the  possession  of  a  clear,  logical  mind.  He  grasped 
the  situation  quickly  and  met  all  emergencies  with  readiness.  There  was  nothing 
weak  or  timorous  about  John  Robson ;  he  was  born  a  leader  of  men  and  would 
likely  have  become  distinguished  in  any  country." 

In  1854  was  celebrated  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Robson  and  Miss  Susan  Long- 
worth,  the  fifth  daughter  of  Captain  John  Longworth,  of  Goderich,  Ontario, 
who  participated  in  that  battle, — above  all  others — Waterloo.  Mrs.  Robson 
survives  and  has  a  daughter,  Mrs.  Hunter,  the  wife  of  Joseph  Hunter,  of  Vic- 
toria. The  death  of  Mr.  Robson  occurred  in  'London,  England,  June  29,  1892. 
An  eminent  statesman  had  fallen.  Any  individual  honored  himself  by  honoring 
Premier  Robson.  His  position  in  public  regard  is  indicated  in  the  fact  that  on 
the  news  of  his  demise  all  flags  were  hung  at  half-mast.  One  of  the  contempor- 
aries wrote  of  him  as  follows :  "His  friends  gloried  in  saying  and  his  foes  were 
constrained  to  confess  that  as  a  statesman  he  had  no  equal  in  the  province.  At 
the  general  election  before  his  death  it  was  generally  acknowledged  that  he  could 
choose  any  constituency  in  the  province  and  be  sure  of  election.  He  was  unques- 
tionably the  most  powerful  debater  that  ever  sat  in  the  British  Columbia  legis- 
lature and  in  point  of  ability  ranked  second  to  none  in  the  Dominion.  When  Mr. 
Robson  was  generally  conceded  to  be  the  next  lieutenant  governor  of  British 
Columbia  there  was  not  even  a  political  foe  who  did  not  warmly  commend  him 
to  the  office.  As  a  friend  he  was  warm  and  faithful,  as  an  opponent  he  was  for- 
midable, yet  charitable  and  generous.  He  was  successful  not  only  in  political  life 
but  in  business,  a  man  of  strict  truth  and  integrity,  possessed  of  undaunted  will 
and  courage.  For  him  to  meet  danger  or  difficulty  was  to  overcome  it.  His 
industry  and  diligence  were  untiring ;  withal  he  knew  what  sorrow  was,  although 
upon  the  death,  of  first,  one,  and  then,  another,  of  his  sons  his  generous  concern 
was  the  alleviation  of  the  sufferings  of  the  afflicted  mother,  not  the  giving  away 
to  his  own  grief.  We  have  said  he  was  faithful  to  his  friends  yet  charitable  to 
his  enemies ;  he  was  also  constant  in  his  resolutions,  prudent  in  his  undertakings, 
courageous  in  danger,  patient  in  affliction,  humble  in  his  prosperity  and  diligent 
in  his  employment.  In  the  death  of  the  Hon.  John  Robson  a  warm  friend  is 
missed  and  the  country  has  sustained  an  unsurmountable  loss." 


1002  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

All  the  churches  of  Victoria  held  memorial  services  for  the  Hon.  John  Robson 
and  similar  services  were  held  at  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster,  England,  while 
among  the  wreaths  upon  his  coffin  was  one  from  the  Queen.  His  remains  were 
brought  back  from  London  to  Victoria,  burial  occurring  on  the  29th  of  July, 
1892.  Although  the  funeral  was  private,  it  was  very  largely  attended  by  repre- 
sentatives from  all  professions  and  from  among  all  classes  of  people.  Highest 
tributes  of  respect  were  paid  him  by  the  press,  while  letters  of  condolence  to  his 
family  came  from  all  parts  of  the  world.  In  a  review  of  his  life  perhaps  the 
most  notable  feature  and  one  that  should  be  impressed  upon  young  men  of  today 
is  that  his  position  of  eminence  was  attained  entirely  through  his  own  efforts 
and  ability.  He  was  denied  the  educational  advantages  offered  in  the  univer- 
sities and  centers  of  learning  such  as  many  young  men  enjoy.  Nature  endowed, 
him  with  a  laudable  ambition  and  beyond  that  he  made  his  opportunities.  He 
never  waited  for  something  to  turn  up  but  utilized  each  hour  for  the  accom- 
plishment of  the  task  before  him,  and  in  its  faithful  accomplishment  he  found 
strength  of  courage  for  the  efforts  and  duties  that  succeed  it.  Personal  gain 
was  the  least  form  in  which  his  ambition  manifested  itself.  Above  all  was  his 
belief  in  his  country  and  in  the  ultimate  triumph  of  right,  and  he  lent  himself 
as  an  agent  to  the  achievement  of  the  high  purposes  which  he  saw  might  be  accom- 
plished by  public-spirited  and  progressive  citizens.  His  efforts  in  that  direction 
were  crowned  with  success,  and  he  deserved  the  laurel  wreaths  of  high  commen- 
dation and  honor  upon  his  brow. 


FRANK  E.  WOODSIDE. 

Frank  E.  Woodside  is  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Vancouver  and  it  was 
largely  through  his  efforts  that  the  town  of  Hastings  was  annexed  to  Vancouver, 
thereby  sharing  in  all  municipal  benefits.  He  is  a  conservative  in  politics  and  a 
firm  believer  in  the  party,  but  in  all  his  efforts  for  local  betterment  he  regards 
only  the  existing  conditions  and  possibilities,  putting  partisanship  and  personal 
advancement  entirely  aside.  He  was  born  at  Hamilton,  Prince  Edward  Island, 
December  8,  1874,  a  son  of  John  H.  and  Martha  (Sharp)  Woodside,  both  of  whom 
were  natives  of  Prince  Edward  Island.  The  former  is  a  representative  in  the 
fifth  generation  of  the  Woodside  family  in  Canada.  He  has  made  farming  his 
life  work  and  both  he  and  his  wife  still  reside  in  Prince  county,  where  they  have 
always  made  their  home. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  land  Frank  E.  Woodside  pursued  his  edu- 
cation and  when  sixteen  years  of  age  left  home,  going  to  New  England,  where 
he  remained  for  three  years.  He  then  removed  to  Aspen,  Colorado,  where  he 
worked  in  the  silver  and  lead  mines,  after  which  he  came  to  British  Columbia  and 
made  his  way  up  the  Columbia  river  from  Northport,  Washington,  to  Trail  and 
into  the  Kootenay,  where  he  was  identified  with  mining  for  several  years.  In 
1900  he  was  elected  secretary  of  the  Rossland  Miners  Union.  .  He  was  holding 
this  office  and  signed  the  order,  after  a  vote  of  the  miners,  calling  the  strike  that 
took  place  in  July,  1901.  This  was  the  most  important  strike  that  ever  occurred 
in  British  Columbia  and  one  of  the  largest  that  ever  occurred  among  the  miners 
on  the  American  continent.  It  will  be  remembered  that  as  a  result  of  this  strike 
the  affairs  of  the  famous  Le  Roi  Mining  Company  were  investigated  with  the 
result  that  Whittaker  Wright,  the  great  London  financier,  was  arrested  and  tried 
for  embezzlement  and  when  he  was  sentenced  to  seven  years'  penal  servitude  took 
poison  and  died  in  the  corridor  of  the  law  courts.  Another  important  thing  in 
connection  with  the  suit  instituted  by  the  mining  companies  was  to  recover  dam- 
ages from  the  Miners  Union  on  account  of  the  men  going  on  a  strike.  The  case 
was  before  the  courts  for  over  two  years,  being  finally  tried  before  Judge  Duff 
and  a  jury  in  Victoria,  who  gave  damages  against  the  Union,  allowing  the  com- 
pany not  only  to  recover  from  the  Union  but  also  from  the  officers  and  members 


FRANK  E.  WOODSIDE 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA 


1005 


ir 


of  the  Union  individually,  which  the  then  solicitor,  A.  C.  Gait,  proceeded  to  do. 
Mr.  Woodside  continued  to  act  as  secretary  for  a  year  after  the  strike  and  was 
associated  with  the  miners  until  after  the  trial  was  over.  He  was  an  active  mem- 
ber of  the  Miners  Union  when  the  eight  hour  day  law  for  metalliferous  miners 
was  passed  in  1898.  In  November,  1902,  he  resigned  his  position  as  secretary 
and  came  to  Vancouver,  where  for  two  years  he  was  employed  in  an  insurance 
business.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  engaged  in  the  real-estate  business 
and  he  is  still  interested  in  prospecting  and  mining,  having  properties  in  the 
Kootenay  and  in  the  north  of  British  Columbia.  He  had  previously  invested  in 
^northern  portion  of  the  Hastings  townsite,  his  holdings  includ- 
rrontage.  In  1909  he  erected  a  home  there  at  the  corner  of  Eton 
its,  at  which  time  the  townsite  of  Hastings  was  principally  cov- 
few  houses  having  been  erected  thereon.  He  immediately  for- 
for  the  annexation  of  the  Hastings  townsite  to  the  city  of  Van- 
jjjbat  work  had  the  assistance  of  such  men  as  Frank  E.  Mitchell, 
E.  Baker  and  others.  On  the  loth  of  December,  1910,  the  elec- 
Mr.  Woodside's  office  at  Eton  and  Clinton  streets,  between  the 
and  7  P.  M.,  on  which  occasion  over  twelve  hundred  votes  were 
ing  a  vote  of  over  fifty  per  cent  of  the  value  of  the  property  in 
isite.  The  committee  worked  day  and  night  for  months  in  order 
)ject,  and  their  efforts  were  rewarded  by  success,  for  when  the 
If  in  January,  1911,  the  necessary  legislation  was  passed  and  Hast- 
iU||i|ed  to  Vancouver.  Mr.  Woodside  was  elected  to  represent  the 
|k|B«jird  7  on  the  city  council.  He  was  reelected  in  1912  and  again  in 
\'  tJHirefore  serving  for  the  third  term  as  a  member  of  the  city  council, 
nember  of  the  board  of  works  for  three  years  and  in  the  year 
|a:n  of  the  bridges  and  railways  committee,  and  is  also  a  director  in 
Tunnel  &  Bridge  Company,  representing  the  city  of  Vancouver, 
a  member  of  the  council  he  has  given  practically  all  of  his 
^^  duties. 

}.t;h  of  March,  1901,  at  Rossland,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Woodside  was 
to  Miss  Amy  L.  Griffith,  a  daughter  of  Essex  Griffith,  who 
the  engineering  department  of  Center  Star  mine  at  Rossland. 
;hildren,  Everett,  Erskine,  Valerie  and  Clinton.     In  his  fraternal 
Ipodside  is  prominently  known.    He  is  a  member  of  Mount  Pleas- 
J| i,  K.  P.,  in  which  he  is  past  chancellor,  and  he  has  a  handsome 
|ti i  jewel  presented  by  the  lodge.    He  also  belongs  to  the  Odd  Fel- 
||ftossland,  British  Columbia.     He  represented  the  miners  at  the 
•ihirnloops  in  1902,  when  the  Provincial  Progressive  Labor  party 


I  i 


1006  BRITISH   COLUMBIA 

he  worked  in  the  mines  for  four  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he 
went  to  the  Kootenay  district  and  during  the  following  years  made  his 
way  from  town  to  town.  In  1896  he  took  up  his  abode  at  Kaslo  and  there 
entered  the  service  of  the  Kootenay  Electric  Company,  with  which  he  remained 
until  1901.  In  that  year  he  came  to  Vancouver  and  entered  the  employ  of 
George  E.  Hinton  of  the  Hinton  Electric  Company  here,  remaining  as  electri- 
cian for  that  concern  until  1906,  when  he  became  assistant  city  electrician  of 
Vancouver.  In  that  capacity  he  ably  served  until  appointed  city  electrician 
on  the  ist  of  July,  1912.  His  work  in  this  connection  has  been  of  vital  impor- 
tance in  the  growth  and  development  of  the  city  and  he  has  rendered  highly 
satisfactory  and  valuable  service  to  the  public. 

On  the  25th  of  December,  1907,  Mr.  Fletcher  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Johanna  Federlin,  of  Hesse-Darmstadt,  Germany,  her  father  being  August 
Federlin  of  that  place.  They  now  have  two  children,  Herbert  Emil  and  Percy 
Federlin.  Mr.  Fletcher  is  a  member  of  Vancouver  Lodge,  N.  D.,  A.  F.  & 
A.  M.  His  entire  career  has  been  characterized  by  high  ideals  and  noble  prin- 
ciples and  in  every  relation  of  life  his  record  has  measured  up  to  a  high  stand- 
ard of  honorable  manhood. 


HENRY   EDWARD   ARTHUR   COURTNEY. 

Henry  Edward  Arthur  Courtney,  a  barrister  of  Victoria,  specializing  in 
commercial  law,  has  been  engaged  in  practice  here  for  more  than  a  decade. 
The  attractiveness  of  this  city  as  a  place  of  residence  is  indicated  in  the  fact 
that  many  of  its  native  sons  have  remained  after  attaining  their  majority  to 
enjoy  the  advantages  and  business  opportunities  here  offered.  To  this  class 
belongs  Mr.  Courtney,  for  he  was  born  in  Victoria,  July  13,  1872,  his  parents 
being  Henry  Classon  and  Mary  Jane  (Calder)  Courtney.  The  latter  was  a 
daughter  of  Alexander  Calder,  who  came  to  British  Columbia  May  24,  1858, 
for  the  British  government  in  connection  with  the  boundary  survey  between 
Washington  and  this  province.  The  father,  Henry  Classon  Courtney,  arrived 
in  Victoria  in  1861  and  entered  upon  the  practice  of  law  here,  gaining  prom- 
inence in  the  profession  during  his  connection  therewith.  He  was  police  magis- 
trate for  several  years,  beginning  about  1879  or  1880. 

At  the  usual  age  Henry  E.  A.  Courtney  entered  the  public  schools  of  Vic- 
toria, passing  through  consecutive  grades  until  he  graduated  from  the  high 
school  with  the  class  of  1888.  He  then  took  up  the  study  of  law  and  was  called 
to  the  bar  in  June,  1894.  He  located  for  practice  in  Rossland,  British  Colum- 
bia, where  he  remained  for  seven  years,  after  which  he  returned  to  his  native 
city  and  has  since  practiced  here.  In  the  intervening  period  of  eleven  years 
he  has  made  steady  progress,  being  accorded  a  large  and  representative  clien- 
tage. He  has  some  mining  interests  and  investments  in  Victoria  real  estate. 
His  political  support  is  given  to  the  liberal  party  and  he  is  a  member  of  the 
Pacific  Club  of  Victoria. 


GEORGE  HERBERT  WEBSTER. 

George  Herbert  Webster,  civil  engineer,  whose  mastery  of  the  scientific  prin- 
ciples of  his  profession  and  practical  experience  in  the  different  phases  of  the 
business  has  gained  him  skill  that  places  him  in  the  front  rank,  is  now  accorded 
a  liberal  patronage  and  has  executed  many  important  contracts.  He  was  born 
at  Creemore,  Simcoe  county,  Ontario,  January  31,  1858,  a  son  of  Edward  and 
Mary  (Langtry)  Webster.  The  father,  a  native  of  Ontario,  was  born  of  Irish 
parentage  while  the  mother  was  born  in  Belfast,  Ireland,  in  1828.  She  was 


BRITISH   COLUMBIA  1007 

brought  to  Canada  in  her  childhood  days  by  her  parents  who  settled  in  Hamilton, 
Ontario,  and  was  there  married.  Edward  Webster  was  engaged  in  the  lumber 
and  milling  business  at  Creemore  for  several  years  and  afterward  removed  with 
his  family  to  Toronto  while  the  later  years  of  his  life  were  spent  in  Pasadena, 
California,  where  he  died  in  1900.  He  held  a  commission  during  the  Canadian 
rebellion  of  1837,  being  a  captain  on  the  Loyalist  side.  He  was  one  of  the 
pioneers  of  Simcoe  county  and  founded  the  town  of  Creemore  which  stood  on 
his  property.  He  owned  a  large  grist  and  sawmill  there  and  was  one  of  the  enter- 
prising and  progressive  citizens  of  that  community.  Mrs.  Webster  is  still  living 
and  now  resides  in  Vancouver. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Creemore  George  H.  Webster  pursued  his  early 
education  and  afterward  attended  the  model  school  of  Toronto.  In  May,  1873, 
he  was  a  successful  candidate  in  a  competitive  examination  for  a  vacancy  in 
the  engineering  department  of  the  Northern  Railway  at  Toronto  and  was  appren- 
ticed to  that  company  for  five  and  a  half  years  under  the  late  Owen  Jones,  chief 
engineer.  His  experiences  in  that  connection  constituted  the  broad  and  stable 
foundation  upon  which  he  has  builded  his  later  success.  From  1879  until  1882 
he  was  assistant  engineer  of  the  amalgamated  Northern  &  Hamilton  and  North 
Western  Railways,  having  charge  of  the  maintenance  of  track,  buildings  and 
bridges.  During  that  period  the  gauge  of  the  North  Western  Railway  was 
changed  from  five  feet,  six  inches,  to  the  standard  gauge  of  four  feet,  eight  and 
a  half  inches.  He  had  charge  of  the  organization  and  detail  work  involved  in 
the  remarkable  task  of  changing  two  hundred  miles  of  main  line  and  sidings 
in  twelve  hours,  which  was  accomplished  without  dissatisfaction  or  delay.  In 
1882  he  resigned  his  position  with  the  two  railway  companies  and  went  to  Winni- 
peg, where  he  took  charge  of  the  C.  W.  Moberly  Engineering  &  Contracting 
Company.  A  year  later  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Manitoba  &  Northwestern 
Railway  Company  at  Portage  la  Prairie  in  the  capacity  of  assistant  engineer 
and  was  later  made  chief  engineer,  building  the  line  from  Minnedosa  to  Yorkton, 
the  Shell  river  branch  and  the  Saskatchewan  &  Western  branch.  In  1898  he 
was  transferred  to  Winnipeg  as  chief  engineer  and  land  commissioner  of  the 
Manitoba  &  Northwestern  Railway.  In  1900  he  received  the  appointment  of 
resident  engineer  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  at  Winnipeg  and  was  in 
charge  of  main  and  branch  lines  from  Fort  William  to  Moose  Jaw.  In  1901  he 
was  transferred  to  Montreal  and  was  appointed  general  tie  agent  for  the  entire 
system.  He  organized  that  department  and  in  January.  1903,  he  was  appointed 
the  first  right  of  way  and  lease  agent  for  the  entire  system  and  also  organized 
that  department.  In  January,  1904,  on  account  of  ill  health  he  was  transferred 
to  Vancouver  and  appointed  division  engineer  of  the  Pacific  division.  He  severed 
his  connection  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  in  December,  1904,  to  become 
president  and  chief  engineer  of  the  British  Columbia  General  Contract  Company. 
While  with  the  British  Columbia  General  Contract  Company  his  work  included 
the  construction  of  foundations  under  the  Empress  Hotel  at  Victoria,  and  the 
reconstruction  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Pitt  river  bridge  which  involved 
the  installation  of  an  entirely  new  substructure  without  disturbance  to  traffic. 
He  also  put  in  a  large  number  of  steel  girders  in  the  mountains  for  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railway  near  Cambie  and  Glacier  across  the  Illicillewaet  river ;  built  the 
normal  school  at  Calgary ;  the  English  Bay  pier  and  the  city  market  wharf  at 
Vancouver ;  the  Candian  Pacific  Railway  car  shops  at  Calgary ;  bridged  the  Bow 
river;  spent  two  years  in  putting  in  all  structures  on  the  Canadian  Pacific  Rail- 
way irrigating  canals;  built  one  hundred  miles  of  Canadian  Pacific  Railway 
road  in  Saskatchewan  from  Strassburg  to  Saskatoon ;  and  built  ten  miles  of 
the  Kootenay  Central  road  in  British  Columbia,  extending  south  from  Golden 
and  about  thirty  miles  of  the  Great  Northern  Railway  between  Cloverdale  and 
Huntingdon,  British  Columbia. 

In  1908  he  resigned  his  position  with  the  British  Columbia  General  Contract 
Company  and  is  now  engaged  in  general  consulting  and  contracting  work.  Since 
entering  independently  upon  the  work  of  his  profession  he  built  in  1912  the 


1008  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

Capilano  Canyon  tunnel  which  is  a  seven  by  nine  foot  tunnel,  six  hundred  feet 
long,  constituting  the  latest  addition  to  the  Vancouver  city  water  supply  equip- 
ment. He  also  built  the  dyke  work  on  the  Hatzic  slough  near  Mission  City, 
a  distance  of  seven  miles  and  including  a  very  heavy  and  expensive  sluice-way 
under  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  main  line  for  navigation  purposes,  and  also 
making  possible  the  reclamation  of  about  thirty-five  hundred  acres  of  very  rich 
farm  land  along  the  Fraser  river.  This  work  covered  a  period  of  a  year  and  a 
half.  For  seven  months  in  1910  Mr.  Webster  had  charge  of  the  location  and 
construction  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  from  French  creek  to  Alberni 
on  Vancouver  island,  involving  much  difficult  bridge  and  construction  work. 
Something  of  the  interests  which  now  claim  his  time,  energies  and  attention 
is  indicated  by  the  fact  that  he  is  the  president  of  the  George  H.  Webster  Com- 
pany, Ltd.,  engineers  and  contractors;  a  director  of  the  Electric  Turpentine 
Company,  Ltd.,  with  works  on  False  creek;  president  of  the  Granville  Land  & 
Loan  Company,  Ltd.;  holder  of  valuable  business  properties  on  Granville  street; 
and  also  has  much  land  on  Lulu  island.  His  high  standing  in  his  profession  is 
indicated  by  the  fact  that  he  was  the  first  chairman  of  the  Vancouver  Branch 
of  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers  which  office  he  held  for  two  years 
and  in  1906  was  a  member  of  the  council  of  the  national  society.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  American  Railway,  Engineering  and  Maintenance  of  Way  Associ- 
ation. 

Mr.  Webster  was  married  in  All  Saints  Church  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  April  30, 
1883,  to  Miss  Martha  Barwick,  a  daughter  of  the  late  John  Barwick,  who  resided 
at  the  Homewood,  Holland  Landing,  near  Toronto.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Webster  have 
become  the  parents  of  six  children  of  whom  three  are  living:  Harold,  Dorothy 
Lee  and  Ethel.  The  parents  are  active  and  prominent  members  of  St.  Paul's 
church  and  Mr.  Webster  has  served  on  the  church  committee,  while  in  various 
lines  of  church  and  charitable  work  Mrs.  Webster  is  also  helpfully  and  deeply 
interested.  She  is  a  life  member  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  of  the  Church  of 
England  in  Canada.  Mr.  Webster  is  a  life  governor  of  the  Vancouver  General 
Hospital.  In  politics  he  is  a  conservative  but  never  active.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  Vancouver  Club,  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Club  and  the  Union  Club  of 
Victoria.  His  life  has  been  devoted  to  a  profession  in  which  advancement  can 
not  depend  upon  circumstance  or  influence  but  must  have  its  basis  in  actual 
knowledge,  experience  and  merit.  In  his  chosen  field  of  labor  Mr.  Webster  has 
constantly  progressed  through  his  untiring  efforts  and  wide  study  and  while  he 
has  risen  professionally  he  has  also  advanced  in  the  high  regard  and  good-will 
of  all  who  know  him. 


ROBERT  MEE. 

For  twenty-nine  years  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  numbered  among  its 
most  able  and  faithful  representatives  Robert  Mee,  who  almost  continuously 
during  that  period  remained  at  the  throttle  of  his  engine,  taking  an  unostenta- 
tious but  important  part  in  conserving  the  efficiency  of  the  great  system  and 
assisting  to  an  unusual  extent  in  the  making  of  railroad  history  in  the  Dominion. 
He  later  lived  retired  in  Vancouver,  his  many  years  of  earnest  and  faithful 
labor  having  brought  him  well  earned  leisure  and  rest.  He  was  born  in  County 
Cavan,  Ireland,  May  27,  1853,  and  was  a  son  of  Robert  and  Mary  Mee,  both  of 
whom  have  passed  away,  the  father  having  been  for  many  years  a  school 
teacher  in  his  native  country. 

Robert  Mee  acquired  his  education 'under  his  father  but  when  he  was  less 
than  fourteen  years  of  age  left  home  and  started  out  for  himself,  crossing  the 
Atlantic  to  Canada.  He  landed  first  in  T6ronto,  Ontario,  in  1868  and  there 
obtained  employment  as  clerk  in  a  grocery  store,  resigning  this  position  in  order 
to  become  connected  with  the  Grand  Trunk  Railroad.  He  worked  in  the  interests 


ROBERT   MEE 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  ion 

of  that  corporation  east  of  Toronto  for  a  short  time  but  eventually  entered  the 
employ  of  the  Northern  Railroad  Company  of  Canada,  his  run  on  this  road 
being  between  Toronto  and  Collingwood.  Mr.  Mee  was  afterward  connected 
with  the  Credit  Valley  Railroad  until  March,  1883,  when  he  went  to  Winnipeg 
and  became  an  engineer  on  the  Canadian  Pacific,  beginning  thus  a  long  period 
of  active  and  faithful  service  in  the  employ  of  that  corporation.  In  the  spring 
of  the  following  year  the  end  of  the  track  to  the  west  was  located  at  Laggan, 
Alberta,  and  Mr.  Mee  had  charge  of  the  engine,  running  along  with  the  line  of 
construction  until  the  eastern  terminal  was  connected  with  the  line  at  Craigel- 
lachie.  He  was  present  at  the  driving  of  the  golden  spike  and  he  was  in  charge 
of  the  engine  that  pulled  the  notable  officials  who  were  present  on  that  occasion, 
taking  them  to  Port  Moody,  then  the  terminus  of  the  Canadian  Pacific.  In 
those  early  days  the  engineer's  duty  was  no  light  one,  for  the  conditions  under 
which  he  worked  were  comparatively  primitive  and  entirely  different  from  those 
which  prevail  at  present.  Mr.  Mee  had  charge  of  engine  No.  147,  a  small 
wood  burner  with  no  air  brakes,  and  the  tracks  over  which  he  ran  had  a  grade 
of  four  and  one-half  per  cent.  In  spite  of  these  disadvantages  during  his  thirty- 
two  years  of  active  connection  with  railroading  Mr.  Mee  never  had  a  wheel 
off  the  track,  nor  met  with  an  accident,  nor  was  responsible  for  the  injury  of 
any  man  -a  remarkable  record  considering  the  danger  of  the  work  in  which  he 
was  engaged  and  the  conditions  under  which  he  labored.  He  was  at  the  throttle 
of  his  engine  during  the  entire  period  of  his  connection  with  the  Canadian 
Pacific  with  the  exception  of  five  years,  during  which  he  was  traveling  engineer, 
going  all  over  the  Pacific  division,  from  Vancouver  to  Donald,  in  the  Kootenay 
district.  This  position  he  resigned,  however,  on  account  of  the  increase  of 
labor  and  went  back  to  his  own  engine.  During  the  latter  part  of  his  active 
career  his  run  was  between  Vancouver  and  North  Bend,  but  eventually  failing 
health  compelled  him  to  retire  in  1912  and  he  later  made  his  home  in  Vancouver, 
where  he  was  widely  known  and  highly  respected. 

On  the  3d  of  November,  1898,  Mr.  Mee  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Eliza  Gough,  a  daughter  of  Charles  and  Rebecca  Gough,  the  former  a  vet- 
erinary surgeon.  Mr.  Mee  belonged  to  the  Church  of  England  and  was  prominent 
in  Masonic  circles,  having  taken  the  thirty-second  degree  of  the  Scottish  Rite. 
He  belonged  to  Cascade  Lodge,  No.  12,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
chapter,  the  commandery  and  the  Vancouver  consistory.  He  was  also  an  active 
member  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Engineers  and  represented  this 
organization  at  many  conventions,  first  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  in  1888,  and 
afterward  at  Los  Angeles,  California;  Memphis,  Tennessee;  Columbus,  Ohio; 
Detroit,  Michigan ;  and  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania.  He  was  independent  in 
politics  and  interested  in  municipal  growth  and  advancement  although  never 
seeking  public  office.  He  was  numbered  among  the  pioneer  railroad  men  in  west- 
ern Canada  and  enjoyed  the  high  regard  of  the  superiors  under  whom  he  worked 
for  so  many  years  and  of  all  who  had  either  business  or  social  relations  with  him. 
He  passed  away  August  27,  1913,  leaving  a  host  of  warm  friends,  among  whom 
he  was  very  popular  during  the  twenty-seven  years  of  his  residence  in  Vancouver. 


WALTER  EDWARD   ADAMS. 

vValter  Edward  Adams,  connected  with  the  ship  chandlery  house  of  E.  B. 
Marvin  &  Company  at  1202  Wharf  Street,  Victoria,  was  born  November  4,  1876, 
in  the  city  which  is  still  his  home,  his  parents  being  Frank  Woodman  and  Sadie 
(Gerow)  Adams,  a  sketch  of  whom  is  to  be  found  on  another  page  of  this  work. 
At  the  usual  age  the  son  entered  the  public  schools  of  Victoria  and  later  continued 
his  education  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  Oakland,  California,  completing 
his  course  in  1894.  At  that  date  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  British  Columbia 


1012  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

Electric  Railway  Company  of  Victoria  in  the  mechanical  department,  remaining 
there  for  a  year,  after  which  time  he  entered  the  service  of  the  firm  of  Marvin 
&  Tilton,  hardware  merchants,  .by  whom  he  was  employed  for  a  year.  His  next 
service  was  with  the  Hickman-Tye  Hardware  Company  with  which  he  continued 
for  two  years  and  on  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  went  to  New  Westminster 
and  became  a  traveling  salesman  for  the  hardware  house  of  R.  F.  Anderson  & 
Company,  remaining  in  that  position  for  four  years.  He  then  returned  to  Victoria 
and  engaged  as  a  traveling  salesman  with  E.  G.  Prior  &  Company,  wholesale 
hardware  merchants,  whom  he  represented  upon  the  road  for  four  years.  On 
the  ist  of  January,  1907,  he  severed  his  connection  with  that  house  in  order  to 
enter  the  service  of  E.  B.  Marvin  &  Company,  ship-chandlers,  of  which  firm  his 
father  was  a  member.  He  has  since  remained  in  active  connection  with  the 
business  and  is  now  serving  in  the  capacity  of  assistant  to  his  father  in  the  man- 
agement of  the  enterprise.  The  business  has  grown  steadily  and  has  reached 
extensive  and  profitable  proportions.  Its  trade  covers  a  wide  territory  and  the 
annual  sales  make  the  business  one  of  the  leading  concerns  of  the  kind  on  the 
island. 

On  the  6th  of  December,  1899,  Mr.  Adams  was  married  in  Victoria  to  Miss 
Lillian  St.  Croix  Beek,  a  native  of  St.  Stephen,  New  Brunswick,  and  a  daughter 
of  J.  F.  and  Jane  (Rudge)  Beek,  who  were  also  natives  of  New  Brunswick  and 
who  came  to  Victoria  in  .1883.  In  this  city  her  father  engaged  in  the  carriage 
building  business  for  a  number  of  years,  but  is  now  living  retired,  surviving  his 
wife  who  passed  away  in  1912. 

Unto  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Adams  have  been  born  four  children,  Frank  Clifford,  who 
is  attending  the  public  schools  of  Victoria ;  Kenneth  Frederick  who  is  also  a 
public-school  pupil ;  Donald  Marion  and  Lillian  Joyce. 

Mr.  Adams  finds  recreation  from  an  arduous  business  career  in  yachting,  shoot- 
ing and  fishing.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Royal  Victoria  Yacht  Club  and  also  of 
the  Pacific  Club  of  Victoria.  He  belongs  to  the  Methodist  church  and  there 
largely  finds  the  rules  which  govern  his  conduct.  Since  completing  his  education 
he  has  been  continuously  active  in  business  and  has  carried  forward  to  successful 
completion  whatever  he  has  undertaken.  Step  by  step  he  has  worked  his  way 
upward  and  as  the  years  have  gone  by  he  has  made  for  himself  a  creditable  place 
and  gained  an  honorable  name  in  commercial  circles. 


GEORGE  RANDALL  ASHWELL. 

/ 

George  Randall  Ashwell,  founder  of  the  firm  of  G.  R.  Ashwell  &  Son, 
is  known  as  one  of  the  leading  merchants  of  the  Chilliwack  municipality  and 
has  held  a  prominent  position  in  mercantile  circles  of  his  locality  since  very 
early  times.  He  is  numbered  among  the  real  builders  and  promoters  of  Chilli- 
wack, for  his  interests  have  extended  to  many  fields,  touching  closely  the  poli- 
tical, business  and  religious  interests  of  the  municipality.  He  was  born  in 
Bedfordshire,  England,  December  17,  1831,  and  is  a  son  of  Henry  and  Mary 
Ashwell. 

After  completing  the  course  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  locality  he 
took  up  landscape  gardening  as  a  profession,  following  this  in  England  until 
he  was  twenty-six  years  of  age.  He  then  emigrated  to  Canada  and  settled 
in  Toronto,  Ontario.  He  followed  carpentering  there  and  in  various  parts 
of  the  province  for  five  years  and  in  1861  moved  to  British  Columbia.  The 
business  which  he  founded  is  still  in  existence  and  under  the  able  management 
of  Mr.  Ashwell  has  grown  with  the  city  of  New  Westminster  until  it  is  today 
a  large  wholesale  and  retail  concern.  In  1871  -Mr.  Ashwell  moved  to  the  Chilli- 
wack valley  and  bought  some  settlers'  rights,  upon  which  he  established  a  small 
mercantile  concern.  His  store  was  on  what  is  now  known  as  Town  Site  Farm, 
on  the  land  now  occupied  by  L.  Snider,  east  of  the  town.  From  there  he 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1013 

moved  to  Chilliwack  Landing,  where  he  bought  the  business  of  R.  Garner 
and  for  years  bought  and  sold  goods  to  the  settlers.  In  1889  the  business  was 
moved  to  the  present  site  on  Wellington  street  and  from  a  modest  beginning 
has  grown  to  be  a  large  and  important  departmental  concern,  its  expansion 
being  almost  entirely  due  to  Mr.  Ashwell's  energy,  resourcefulness  and  excel- 
lent management.  Of  late  years  Mr.  Ashwell  has  been  associated  with  his  son 
under  the  firm  name  of  G.  R. 'Ashwell  &  Son  and  thus  the  responsibilities  of 
the  business  have  been  in  a  large  measure  taken  from  his  shoulders,  yet  he 
supervises'  the  entire  concern  and  his  advice  in  all  things  is  earnestly  sought 
and  found  always  sound  and  conservative. 

In  1866  Mr.  Ashwell  married  Miss  Sarah  Ann  Webb,  and  six  children  were 
born  to  their  union,  of  whom  three  are  still  living,  as  follows:  Henry  and 
George,  of  Chilliwack;  and  Mrs.  Naboth  Allen,  of  Vancouver.  While  Mr. 
Ashwell  has  been  continuously  engaged  in  business  during  the  period  of  his 
residence  in  Chilliwack,  he  has  yet  found  the  opportunity  to  devote  a  share 
of  his  time  to  the  political  and  religious  affairs  of  the  municipality.  He  is  a 
stanch  Methodist  and  has  been  one  of  the  most  able  supporters  of  the  church 
through  his  timely  aid  and  constant  support.  He  has  held  the  position  of  reeve 
of  the  municipality  and  for  many  years  was  municipal  clerk.  He  has  always 
been  a  conservative  and  a  supporter  of  the  platform  of  that  party  whenever 
it  conformed  with  the  rights  of  his  religion  and  adopted  country.  At  one  time 
when  liberalism  was  in  the  ascendancy  in  the  province  he  contested  the  riding 
in  the  interests  of  the  conservative  party  and  came  the  nearest  of  any  to  defeat- 
ing the  strongest  liberal  candidate  that  could  be  put  forth.  During  the  many 
years  he  has  lived  in  Chilliwack  his  work  has  been  an  active  force  in  pro- 
moting growth  along  many  lines  and  his  citizenship  is  accounted  a  valuable 
element  in  municipal  advancement. 


JOHN   PATMORE  WALLS. 

John  Patmore  Walls  is  today  one  of  the  oldest  representatives  of  the  bar 
in  Victoria,  specializing  in  conveyancing.  He  was  born  in  Kensington,  Eng- 
land, July  10,  1843,  a  son  °f  Jonn  and  Emma  Walls,  the  former  in  the  employ 
of  the  East  India  Company  for  years.  The  son  pursued  his  education  in  the 
private  schools  of  his  native  country,  and  after  his  text  books  were  put  aside 
was  articled  to  Sheriff  &  Son,  barristers,  of  London,  for  five  years.  After 
thorough  and  comprehensive  preliminary  reading  and  study  he  was  admitted 
as  a  solicitor  in  1867.  He  afterward  practiced  in  London  for  several  years  and 
about  1877  came  to  British  Columbia.  He  spent  some  time  in  looking  over 
the  country  in  search  of  a  suitable  location  and  finally  settled  in  Victoria,  where 
he  has  since  made  his  home,  having  now  for  thirty-six  years  practiced  at  the 
bar  of  this  city.  He"  has  always  continued  in  the  general  practice  of  law  until 
a  recent  date,  and  is  now  giving  his  attention  largely  to  conveyancing.  He  is 
today  the  oldest  representative  in  years  of  continuous  practice  of  the  Victoria 
bar.  His  knowledge  of  the  principles  of  jurisprudence  is  comprehensive  and 
exact  and  he  has  enjoyed  a  good  clientage.  For  about  seven  or  eight  years  he 
was  secretary  of  the  Law  Society  of  British  Columbia,  and  its  successful  estab- 
lishment is  largely  attributed  to  his  efforts  and  influence. 

In  Victoria,  on  the  I5th  of  March,  1881,  Mr.  Walls  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Fanny  Nunn,  a  daughter  of  Captain  George  Nunn,  who  was  an  officer 
in  the  Crimean  war.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Walls  have  become  the  parents  of  nine 
children:  Ellen  Louise;  Emma  Nina;  John  Percival,  who  is  a  barrister  of 
Victoria;  Horace  Norris,  who  is  employed  in  the  Victoria  postoffice;  Evylyne; 
Charles  Orlebar  and  Pounall  Theodore,  twins ;  William  E. :  and  Edward  Aubrey. 

During  the  early  days  of  his  residence  here  Mr.  Walls  was  a  member  of 
the  British  Columbia  Volunteers  when  war  was  expected  with  Russia,  and  his 


1014  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

political  indorsement  is  given  to  the  liberal  party.  Fraternally  he  was  con- 
nected with  the  Masonic  lodge  of  London,  England.  He  has  never  had  occa- 
sion to  regret  his  determination  to  come  to  the  new  world,  for  here  he  found 
the  opportunities  which  he  sought  and  in  their  improvement  has  made  contin- 
uous advancement. 


ALEXANDER  KEIR  FARQUHARSON. 

Alexander  Keir  Farquharson,  now  in  the  fourth  year  of  his  able  service  as 
postmaster  at  McKay,  was  born  at  Strathdon,  Aberdeenshire,  Scotland,  July 
4,  1844,  a  son  of  John  and  Margaret  Farquharson  both  deceased.  He  acquired 
his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  parish  and  after  laying  aside 
his  books  worked  with  his  father  on  the  farm  until  he  came  to  Canada  in  1867. 
In  that  year  he  settled  in  Peterborough  county,  Ontario,  and  for  nine  years 
thereafter  worked  as  a  shanty  man  and  a  river  driver  for  various  lumber  camps. 
At  the  end  of  that  time  he  moved  to  Muskoka,  Ontario,  continuing  at  his  for- 
mer occupation  for  some  time.  From  Muskoka  he  moved  to  the  Algoma  dis- 
trict in  the  same  province,  turning  his  attention  to  the  boarding  house  business, 
in  which  he  engaged  for  eleven  years  thereafter.  In  1897  he  came  to  British 
Columbia  and  settled  at  Fernie,  remaining  five  years,  during  four  of  which  he 
was  connected  with  the  provincial  police  department.  In  1909  he  was  appointed 
postmaster  at  McKay  and  he  has  since  served  in  this  capacity,  proving  capable, 
prompt  and  reliable  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties. 

In  1872  Mr.  Farquharson  married  Miss  Isabel  Mason  and  they  became  the 
parents  of  eight  children,  five  sons  and  three  daughters.  Mr.  Farquharson  is 
a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  was  a  member  of  the  municipal 
council  of  Burnaby  for  one  year,  thus  manifesting  his  interest  in  community 
affairs.  He  served  for  two  years  as  director  of  the  Agricultural  Association 
Of  Central  Park  and  is  always  to  be  found  among  the  leaders  in  any  project 
to  promote  general  advancement.  He  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  representative 
men  of  McKay  and  his  integrity,  ability  and  public  spirit  have  drawn  to  him 
an  extensive  circle  of  friends. 


CHARLES  R.   SERJEANTSON. 

A  growing  country  is  always  an  excellent  field  for  real-estate  operation,  for 
investments  and  for  loans,  and  many  enterprising  business  men  find  therein  a 
source  of  affluence.  Sound  judgment  and  excellent  business  capacity  have  enabled 
Charles  R.  Serjeantson  to  win  success  along  that  line  through  hi-s  efforts  in  Vic- 
toria, where  since  1907  he  has  made  his  home. 

He  was  born  August  17,  1866,  at  Acton  Burnell,  Shrewsbury,  England,  his 
parents  being  the  Rev.  William  and  Mary  Serjeantson,  the  former  a  clergyman 
at  Acton  Burnell.  His  brother,  Robert  Merrick  Serjeantson,  is  a  well  known 
writer  of  England  and  collaborated  with  others  in  the  preparation  of  the  Vic- 
toria County  History  of  England,  Mr.  Serjeantson  writing  the  history  of 
Northampton. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Rossall,  England,  Charles  R.  Serjeantson  pursued  his 
education  and  afterward  was  employed  in  a  cotton  broker's  office  in  Liverpool  for 
a  number  of  years.  In  1887  ne  ^ft  that  city  and  through  the  succeeding  twenty 
years  was  engaged  in  raising  fruit  in  Florida,  U.  S.  A.  In  1907  he  again  became 
a  citizen  under  the  English  flag  through  his  removal  to  Victoria,  where  he  estab- 
lished his  present  business  of  real  estate,  loans  and  investments.  He  has 
thoroughly  acquainted  himself  with  the  real-estate  market  and  financial  conditions 
of  the  northwest,  especially  in  the  city  of  his  adoption,  and  is  thus  well  qualified 


CHARLES  R.  SERJEANTSON 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1017 

to  care  for  his  own  and  the  interests  of  his  clients,  who  are  constantly  increasing 
in  number,  his  business  having  enjoyed  a  substantial  growth  from  the  beginning. 
On  the  8th  of  September,  1908,  Mr.  Serjeantson  was  married  to  Miss  Lucy 
Curtis,  a  daughter  of  Captain  J.  D.  Curtis,  R.  M.  Her  father,  now  eighty-eight 
years  of  age,  is  a  veteran  of  the  Crimean  war  and  makes  his  home  with  Mr. 
Serjeantson.  He  retired  from  the  army  forty  years  ago  and  is  now  the  oldest 
pensioner  of  the  British  government.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Serjeantson  are  of  the  Angli- 
can faith  and  his  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party.  Attracted 
by  what  he  believed  to  be  better  business  opportunities  in  the  new  world,  he  has 
never  regretted  his  decision  to  try  his  fortune  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic  and  is 
now  well  established  in  a  business  which  is  growing  in  volume  and  importance 
and  has  already  brought  him  very  gratifying  returns. 


CHARLES  JONES. 

; 

Since  1906  Charles  Tones  has  been  numbered  among  the  able  and  progres- 
sive young  men  of  Vancouver  and  is  today  most  capably  serving  in  the  office 
of  city  trades  license  inspector.  He  was  born  in  Chester,  England,  January  19, 
1881,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Sarah  Jane  Jones,  the  former  during  all  his 
life  connected  with  'the  Shropshire  Union  Railway  and  Canal  Company. 

In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Charles  Jones  attended  public  school 
in  Chester,  England,  and  remained  in  his  native  country  until  1901.  In  that 
year  he  came  to  America  and  settled  in  California,  where  for  several  years  he 
was  connected  with  the  Union  Iron  Works  of  San  Francisco.  This  position 
he  resigned  in  1906  and  moved  to  Vancouver,  accepting  the  office  of  manager 
of  the  Mainland  Iron  Works  here,  devoting  his  entire  time  to  the  duties  of 
the  office  until  1910,  when  he  was  appointed  city  trades  license  inspector.  He 
is  now  filling  this  position  in  a  creditable  and  able  way,  placing  the  affairs  of 
his  department  upon  a  businesslike  basis  and  neglecting  nothing  which  will 
add  to  the  efficiency  of  the  service. 

On  the  22d  of  February,  1912,  Mr.  Jones  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Emma  Collyer,  a  daughter  of  George  and  Elizabeth  Collyer.  The  former, 
now  deceased,  was  a  sergeant  in  the  Fenian  raid  and  won  several  medals  for 
bravery  in  action.  Mr.  Jones  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs.  He  is 
an  enterprising  and  progressive  citizen  who  takes  a  commendable  interest  in 
public  affairs,  and  during  his  period  of  residence  in  Vancouver  has  made  a 
host  of  warm  friends. 


JOHN  HARRISON  MUESSE. 

During  practically  all  of  his  active  life  John  Harrison  Muesse  has  been 
engaged  in  the  lumber  business  and  today  is  connected  with  important  interests 
of  this  character  as  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Cruisers  Timber  Exchange, 
Limited,  of  Vancouver.  He  was  born  in  Lancaster,  Wisconsin,  October  28, 
1864,  and  is  a  son  of  Henry  and  Eliza  Muesse,  the  former  for  a  number  of 
years  active  in  the  lumber  business  in  that  city. 

After  acquiring  a  public-school  education  John  H.  Muesse  went  to  Minne- 
apolis, Minnesota,  where  he  became  connected  with  lumber  ^  interests  in  the 
employ  of  the  Backus-Brooks  Lumber  Company,  with  which  he  remained 
for  about  eight  years.  In  1898  he  went  to  Alaska,  joining  the  rush  to  the  gold 
fields  of  that  territory,  but  after  one  year  he  returned  to  Minneapolis  and  resumed 
his  former  occupation  being  in  the  employ  of  the  H.  L.  Jenkins  Lumber  Company. 
Mr.  Muesse  remained  in  Minneapolis  until  1905  and  then  went  to  Seattle  with  the 
same  company.  This  concern  founded  a  lumber  mill  at  Blaine,  Washington. 


1018  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

but  Mr.  Muesse  remained  in  that  city  only  one  year,  removing  in  1906  to  Van- 
couver. Mr.  Muesse  after  a  short  time  went  into  partnership  with  C.  O.  P. 
Olts  in  the  timber  business  under  the  firm  name  of  C.  O.  P.  Olts  &  Company. 
In  1908  they  took  A.  J.  Anderson  into  the  business  and  incorporated  the  busi- 
ness under  the  style  of  the  Cruisers  Timber  Exchange,  Limited,  Mr.  Muesse 
being  elected  secretary  and  treasurer,  a  position  which  he  has  since  capably 
filled.  Understanding  the  lumber  business  in  principle  and  detail,  he  has  been 
an  important  element  in  the  success  of  the  concern  which  is  now  a  recognized 
factor  in  commercial  circles  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Muesse  has  proved  himself 
capable,  energetic  and  far-sighted  and  the  affairs  under  his  charge  are  at  all 
times  administered  ably  and  practically,  so  that  he  well  deserves  the  place  which 
he  holds  among  the  men  of  marked  ability  and  substantial  worth  in  this  city. 
On  the  28th  of  August,  1905,  in  Lancaster,  Wisconsin,  Mr.  Muesse  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Bertha  V.  Burris,  a  daughter  of  M.  V.  and  Theo- 
dosia  Burris,  the  former  a  well  known  politician  in  Lancaster.  Mr.  Muesse 
is  a  member  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  church  and  is  connected  fraternally 
with  the  Lancaster,  Wisconsin,  Masonic  lodge,  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Benevolent  Protective  Order  of 
Elks.  He  belongs  to  the  Commercial  Club  and  is  active  in  advancing  the  city's 
interests  along  all  lines,  taking  a  keen  interest  in  its  growth  and  welfare.  A 
man  of  progressive  ideas,  he  has  made  a  success  in  his  chosen  field  of  work 
because  he  not  only  understands  it  thoroughly  but  has  at  all  times  used  discre- 
tion and  sound  judgment  in  the  direction  of  his  affairs. 


DAVID  RUSSELL  KER. 

Among  the  most  representative  and  prominent  business  men  of  Victoria  is 
numbered  David  Russell  Ker,  president  of  Brackman-Ker  Milling  Company, 
and  his  success  in  the  management  of  this  great  concern  and  in  the  direction 
and  development  of  its  trade  relations  has  marked  him  as  a  man  of  superior 
force,  experience  and  capacity.  He  is  identified  with  other  important  corporate 
interests  in  the  city  and  during  the  long  period  of  his  residence  here  his  activities 
have  been  valuable  factors  in  business  growth.  Mr.  Ker  is  a  native  of  Victoria, 
born  October  2,  1862,  a  son  of  Hon.  Robert  and  Jessie  (Russell)  Ker,  natives  of 
Scotland  where  they  were  reared,  educated  and  married.  The  father  came  to 
Victoria  by  way  of  the  Panama  route  in  1859  in  order  to  form  for  himself  an 
opinion  of  the  future  possibilities  of  western  Canada.  Being  favorably  impressed 
he  sent  for  his  wife  in  1861  and  they  continued  to  make  Victoria  their  home  for 
many  years.  Robert  Ker's  first  intention  had  been  to  go  to  the  mines  in  search 
of  gold,  but  he  abandoned  this  plan  on  receiving  an  appointment  with  the  crown 
colony  in  the  treasury  department.  In  1860  he  was  made  auditor  under  the 
Imperial  government  and  he  filled  this  position  creditably  until  Confederation 
when  he  was  made  auditor  general  for  the  province  and  continued  in  this  position 
until  his  death  which  occurred  on  the  nth  of  February,  1879.  He  was  a  devout 
member  of  the  Episcopal  church  and  had  joined  the  Masonic  fraternity  prior 
to  his  coming  to  Canada.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Robert  Ker  became  the  parents  of 
four  sons :  Robert  James,  secretary  and  treasurer  of  British  Columbia  Packers, 
in  Vancouver ;  Thomas  Arnot,  living  retired  in  Victoria ;  Walter  Henry,  manager 
at  Vancouver  of  Brackman-Ker  Milling  Company;  and  David  Russell,  of  this 
review. 

David  Russell  Ker  was  educated  in  the  collegiate  schools  in  the  city.  He 
prepared  himself  for  a  mercantile  career  but  later,  deciding  to  learn  the  milling 
business,  worked  for  several  years  in  different  mills  in  Victoria  and  San  Francisco, 
becoming  thoroughly  familiar  with  every  department  of  mill  operation.  He 
returned  to  Victoria  in  1882  and  in  August  of  that  year  formed  the  partnership 
with  the  late  Mr.  Brackman,  the  founder  of  the  mill  at  Saanich  now  operated 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1019 

by  the  Brackman-Ker  Milling  Company.  From  the  beginning  this  firm  enjoyed 
a  remarkable  degree  of  prosperity  and  the  business  increased  in  volume  and 
importance,  so  that  in  1886  warehouses  and  offices  were  opened  in  Victoria, 
which  city  has  since  been  the  center  of  the  company's  trade.  Mr.  Ker  has  full 
charge  of  the  business  at  this  point  and  has  developed  a  trade  which  in  extent 
and  importance  exceeds  that  of  any  enterprise  of  the  kind  in  the  province  and 
throughout  the  northwest.  B  &  K  rolled  oats,  manufactured  by  this  house,  is 
one  of  the  leading  brands  in  this  part  of  Canada,  and  many  other  kinds  of  break- 
fast foods  are  made  and  distributed  throughout  the  Dominion.  The  annual 
business  of  Brackman-Ker  Company,  once  represented  by  the  sum  of  twenty- 
four  thousand  dollars,  has  increased  to  five  million  dollars,  new  departments  have 
been  added,  trade  relations  have  been  extended  and  the  business  has  been  devel- 
oped along  progressive  and  modern  lines.  Mr.  Brackman  died  December  28, 
1903,  and  since  that  time  Mr.  Ker  has  been  the  principal  owner  of  the  milling 
business  to  which  he  devotes  a  great  deal  of  attention.  He  is  also  identified  with 
several  important  financial  enterprises  in  various  parts  of  the  province  and  is  a 
director  of  the  British  Columbia  Trust  Corporation. 

In  Victoria,  June  12,  1894,  Mr.  Ker  married  Miss  Laura  Agnes  Heisterman, 
a  native  of  this  city  and  a  daughter  of  Henry  F.  Heisterman,  now  deceased.  The 
father  was  one  of  the  distinguished  pioneers  of  Victoria  and  a  more  extended 
mention  of  his  career  appears  on  another  page  in  this  work.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Ker  have  become  the  parents  of  the  following  children,  all  of  whom  were  born 
in  Victoria:  Robert  Henry  Brackman,  attending  Haileybury  College,  England; 
Bernard  Russell,  a  student  in  the  same  institution;  and  Laura  Davida,  attending 
Bently  Priory,  England.  The  Ker  residence  is  located  at  1306  Yates  street  and 
is  one  of  the  attractive  homes  in  the  city.  Mr.  Ker  has  also  a  summer  residence 
at  Golden  Head,  a  delightful  dwelling  set  in  the  midst  of  about  ten  acres  of 
highly  improved  land,  which  affords  all  the  pleasures  of  outdoor  life,  including 
the  hunting  and  fishing  of  which  he  is  especially  fond. 

Mr.  Ker  is  a  member  of  the  Episcopal  church  and  is  a  conservative  in  his 
political  beliefs.  He  belongs  to  Columbia  Lodge  No.  I,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  and  is 
a  Royal  Arch  Mason.  He  is  past  president  of  the  Victoria  Board  of  Trade  in 
which  he  still  holds  membership  and  he  is  connected  socially  with  the  Royal  Vic- 
toria Yacht  Club,  the  Victoria  Golf  Club  and  the  Union  and  Pacific  Clubs. 
Those  who  know  him  personally  find  him  always  courteous  and  genial  and  in 
business  circles  his  ability,  enterprise  and  integrity  are  recognized  and  respected. 


ARTHUR  JOHN  PATTON. 

The  tendency  of  the  age  is  toward  specialization.  It  would  be  impossible 
for  any  man  to  be  thoroughly  versed  in  all  departments  of  the  law,  and  there- 
fore the  most  successful  barristers  are  those  who  have  concentrated  their 
energies  upon  one  or  more  branches  of  jurisprudence.  Following  this  ten- 
dency of  the  times,  Arthur  John  Patton,  of  Victoria,  has  specialized  in  marine 
law,  in  which  he  is  accorded  a  gratifying  patronage.  He  was  born  in  Toronto, 
Canada,  November  20,  1882,  a  son  of  William  and  Martha  Patton.  He  comes 
from  Empire  Loyalist  stock  and  claims  distant  relationship  with  Laura  Secord, 
who  was  famous  in  Canadian  history  on  account  of  her  connection  with  the  War 
of  1812. 

During  the  early  boyhood  of  Arthur  J.  Patton  his  parents  removed  to  Vic- 
toria, where  he  attended  the  public  schools.  Later  he  supplemented  his  early 
educational  training  in  Trinity  College  School,  a  preparatory  school  of  Port 
Hope,  Ontario.  He  afterward  entered  Trinity  University  of  Toronto,  where 
he  won  the  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree  in  1904,  and  in  1907  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Toronto  with  the  .Master  of  Arts  degree.  After  leaving 
college  he  took  up  the  study  of  law  in  the  office  and  under  the  direction  of 


1020  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

Hunter  &  Oliver,  a  well  known  and  prominent  law  firm,  the  senior  partner  of 
which  was  Gordon  Hunter,  the  present  chief  justice.  Later  Mr.  Patton  joined 
the  firm,  which  is  now  practicing  under  the  style  of  Oliver  &  Patton,  making 
a  specialty  of  marine  law.  Their  clientage  is  extensive  and  they  have  been 
connected  with  much  important  litigation  of  this  character.  Mr.  Patton  is  also 
a  director  of  some  local  business  enterprises  and  is  secretary  of  the  Cowichan 
Lake  Hotel  Company  and  solicitor  of  the  city  of  Alberni. 

On  the  1 5th  of  May,  1906,  in  Victoria,  Mr.  Patton  was  married  to  Miss 
Myra  Shakespeare,  a  daughter  of  F.  N.  and  Marie  Shakespeare,  the  latter  now 
deceased  and  a  granddaughter  of  Noah  Shakespeare,  who  is  postmaster  of 
Victoria  and  one  of  the  famous  old  characters  of  the  early  days.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Patton  have  two  children,  Frederick  John  and  Myra  Frances. 

For  several  years  Mr.  Patton  was  a  member  of  the  Fifth  Regiment  Can- 
adian Artillery.  He  belongs  to  the  Camosun  Club  of  Victoria,  and  is  well 
known  socially,  having  attractive  qualities  which  have  won  him  high  regard 
and  warm  friendships  throughout  the  period  of  his  residence  in  that  city. 


ISAAC  KIPP. 

Isaac  Kipp  may  well  be  termed  the  father  of  Chilliwack,  for  the  town  has 
been  built  up  on  land  originally  located  by  him  in  very  early  times  and  it  was  he 
who  cut  the  first  brush  and  plowed  the  first  furrow  on  the  town  site.  In  1862 
he  settled  on  the  spot  where  Chilliwack  now  stands  and  is  numbered  .among  the 
pioneers  in  this  part  of  the  province,  no  settlements  having  been  made  in  this 
vicinity  at  the  time  of  his  arrival  and  all  the  evidences  of  frontier  life  being 
apparent.  Throughout  the  intervening  years  he  has  borne  an  active  and  honorable 
part  in  the  work  of  development  which  has  transformed  a  wilderness  into  a  rich 
and  populous  community  and  he  stands  today  among  the  real  promoters  and 
upbuilders  of  the  city  where  he  makes  his  home.  He  was  born  in  Brant  county, 
Ontario,  November  I,  1839,  and  is  a  son  of  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth  (Force) 
Kipp,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away.  The  father  was  a  pioneer  farmer  in 
Brant  county  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  there  during  the  remainder 
of  his  active  life. 

Isaac  Kipp  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  county 
and  at  the  age  of  nineteen  left  for  the  west,  journeying  by  way  of  the  isthmus 
of  Panama.  He  sailed  from  New  York  on  the  3d  of  November,  1858,  and 
arrived  in  California  on  December  3d  of  the  same  year.  He  afterward  engaged 
in  mining  in  that  state  until  1862,  when  the  rumor  of  gold  discoveries  in  the 
Cariboo  district  led  him  to  come  to  British  Columbia.  He  arrived  in  the  Cariboo 
in  the  same  year  but  tiring  shortly  afterward  of  mining,  he  moved  tQ  the  spot 
where  Chilliwack  now  stands.  This  was  still  a  primeval  wilderness  inhabited 
only  by  Indians,  Mr.  Kipp  having  been  the  first  white  man  to  settle  in  the  vicin- 
ity. The  land  was  nominally  in  possession  of  the  government  but  there  were  no 
recording  offices  in  the  western  wilderness  and  Mr.  Kipp  was  obliged  to  send 
to  England  for  a  crown  grant  to  the  land  which  he  took  up.  With  characteristic 
energy  he  set  himself  to  improve  and  develop  this  property,  clearing  it  of  the 
heavy  growth  of  brush  and  plowing  upon  it  the  first  furrow  on  the  town  site 
of  Chilliwack.  He  carried  on  the  farm  work  resolutely  along  practical  lines  and 
the  rich  soil  responded  in  bounteous  harvests.  With  the  passing  years  more  set- 
tlers came  to  the  vicinity  and  to  them  Mr.  Kipp  sold  portions  of  his  holdings 
until  gradually  a  city  arose  where  once  there  was  nothing  but  a  dense  wilderness. 
In  the  welfare  and  progress  of  this  community  Mr.  Kipp  has  taken  an  active 
and  untiring  interest  since  the  early  days  and  has  been  one  of  the  greatest  in- 
dividual forces  in  its  progress,  his  influence  being  always  on  the  side  of  right, 
reform  and  advancement.  He  retains  only  five  acres  of  his  original  ground  and 


CO 

> 

> 

a 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1023 


upon  this  is  living  in  retirement,  having  earned  rest  and  leisure  by  untiring  and 
well  directed  work  in  the  past. 

On  March  22,  1865,  Mr.  Kipp  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Ann 
Nelems,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Eliza  Nelems,  who  early  in  1832  settled  on 
lot  24  of  the  second  Burford  concession  of  Brant  county,  Ontario.  There  the 
father  hewed  a  farm  out  of  the  wilderness  and  continued  to  engage  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits  for  many  years.  He  reared  a  family  of  ten  children.  His  daugh- 
ter Mary  Ann  was  twenty-five  years  of  age  when  she  came  west  by  way  of 
the  isthmus  of  Panama  in  order  to  marry  the  subject  of  this  review.  She 
traveled  all  of  this  distance  alone,  making  the  journey  during  the  time  of  the 
Civil  war  in  the  United  States,  and  was  the  first  white  woman  on  the  Chilliwack 
prairie.  As  she  had  some  knowledge  of  the  underlying  principles  of  medicine 
she  proved  an  invaluable  aid  to  the  sick  as  the  community  grew  up  around  her 
and  she  was  for  fourteen  years  the  only  "doctor"  in  this  locality.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Kipp  have  ten  children,  twenty-six  grandchildren  and  one  great-grandchild. 
Their  daughter  Mary  Jane  was  the  second  white  child  born  on  the  Eraser  river. 

Mr.  Kipp  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  church  and  gives  his  political  allegi- 
ance to  the  liberal  party.  He  has  lived  on  the  town  site  of  Chilliwack  for  fifty- 
one  years  and  is  the  only  one  who  has  so  long  witnessed  its  growth  and  develop- 
ment. Through  the  entire  period  he  has  made  his  home  upon  the  property  which 
is  yet  his  place  of  residence  but  even  in  his  active  career  did  not  confine  his 
entire  attention  and  efforts  to  its  development,  although  he  made  it  attractive 
and  valuable.  From  time  to  time  he  has  given  his  hearty  cooperation  to  move- 
ments for  the  public  good  and  his  support  can  always  be  relied  upon  to  further 
projects  of  community  advancement.  British  Columbia  owes  her  development 
to  such  men  as  he,  who  courageously  faced  the  hardships  of  pioneer  life  and 
have  reclaimed  the  province  for  purposes  of  civilization. 


ANGUS  BEATON. 

Angus  Beaton,  a  prominent  and  influential  former  resident  of  Coquitlam, 
British  Columbia,  is  not  only  a  pioneer  of  this  province  but  also  of  Alaska 
and  the  Yukon,  and  his  life  has  been  replete  with  stirring,  dangerous  and  excit- 
ing experiences.  His  birth  occurred  in  Inverness  county,  Cape  Breton  island, 
Nova  Scotia,  on  the  4th  of  February,  1872,  his  parents  being  Daniel  and  Jessie 
(Campbell)  Beaton  likewise  natives  of  Cape  Breton.  The  father  was  a  farmer 
and  fisherman. 

Angus  Beaton  attended  the  common  schools  of  his  native  county  in  the 
acquirement  of  an  education  and  when  a  youth  of  fifteen  left  home  and  began 
railroading  in  Maine  on  the  Boston  &  Maine  Railroad,  being  thus  employed 
for  about  a  year.  Subsequently  he  removed  to  Eau  Claire,  Wisconsin,  where 
he  was  engaged  in  lumbering  for  a  short  time.  Later  he  made  his  way  to 
Coeur  dAlene,  Idaho,  and  there  mined  and  prospected  on  the  Bunker  Hill 
property  for  three  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  went  to  Spokane, 
residing  there  for  three  months  during  the  year'  of  the  great  fire  in  that  city. 
Making  his  way  to  Nelson,  British  Columbia,  he  embarked  in  the  building  busi- 
ness there  and  remained  thus  engaged  for  one  year.  In  1890  he  entered  the 
service  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Railway,  framing  bridges  for  one  year.  Return- 
ing to  Nelson,  British  Columbia,  he  began  placer  mining  on  Pend  D'Oreille 
river  and,  though  fairly  successful,  sold  out  in  the  fall  of  the  same  year  to 
the  Kootenay  Hydraulic  Company.  Subsequently  he  went  through  to  Trail, 
British  Columbia,  below  Rossland,  mining  there  for  nearly  a  year  and  locating 
the  Northern  Bell  mine.  He  then  made  his  way  to  Revelstoke  and  took  up 
what  is  known  as  the  Gold  Hill  mine,  which  was  originally  owned  by  a  man 
named  Glover  and  had  relapsed.  He  took  supplies  from  Revelstoke  to  Downey 
creek  by  poling  a  boat  and  packed  from  there  to  French  creek  or  Big  Bend, 

Vnl.  Ill—  36 


1024  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

a  distance  of  about  seventy-five  miles.  With  Frank  Vandell  as  his  partner 
he  worked  there  all  winter,  but  had  still  found  nothing  when  only  four  days' 
supplies  remained.  Mr.  Beaton  then  sank  a  four-foot  tunnel  and  took  out  two 
hundred  and  eighty  dollars  in  gold.  He  went  to  Consolation  to  get  a  loan  of 
bacon  and  beans,  and  on  his  way  back  to  the  claim  sawed  three  caps  for  timbers 
for  the  mine.  He  enlarged  the  tunnel  and  in  one  week  took  out  thirty-two 
hundred  dollars  in  gold.  Going  to  Revelstoke  on  snowshoes,  he  remained 
there  until  June,  when  the  first  pack  train  of  the  season  came  in  with  supplies. 
He  took  a  grub  stake,  returned  to  his  mine  and,  with  the  assistance  of  four  men, 
took  out  nine  thousand  dollars  during  the  summer  of  1893.  In  the  month  of 
October  he  came  to  Vancouver  for  the  winter  but  in  June,  1894,  went  back 
to  the  mine  and  in  that  year  took  out  ten  thousand  dollars.  In  1894  he  and 
his  partner  also  put  in  their  own  pack  train  and  brought  in  their  supplies  from 
Revelstoke.  During  the  following  cold  season  they  wintered  their  pack  train 
at  Deer  Park.  In  the  spring  of  1895  they  went  back  to  the  property  with  a 
Milwaukee  company,  to  which  they  sold  out  for  twenty-five  thousand  dollars. 
In  the  fall  of  1895  they  went  to  Rossland,  where  they  prospected  and  bought 
an  interest  in  the  Joker  Mining  Company,  on  Lookout  mountain,  in  association 
with  R.  T.  Daniels.  They  controlled  this  quartz  mine  and  operated  it  for  two 
years.  In  the  fall  of  1897  they  closed  the  property  and  went  to  Skagway,  at 
the  entrance  of  White  Pass,  Mr.  Beaton  participating  in  the  big  rush  that  took 
place  there  that  season.  He  located  on  Dominion  creek,  on  the  fourth  above 
Discovery,  camped  there  two  days  and  two  nights  and  then  went  back  to  regis- 
ter. He  was  obliged  to  wait  two  days,  and  when  he  was  finally  admitted  and 
announced  the  claim  which  he  had  taken  was  informed  that  it  had  already  been 
recorded.  Subsequently  he  went  to  work  for  a  Mr.  Harris,  who  had  a  lay  on 
the  Gold  Hill  mine  on  Bonanza  creek  and  for  whom  he  sank  a  shaft  of  one 
hundred  and  two  feet.  The  first  pan  taken  out  contained  sixteen  hundred  and 
fifty  dollars  worth  of  gold.  When  the  shaft  had  been  sunk  Mr.  Beaton  returned 
to  Dominion  creek,  where  he  was  engaged  as  foreman  on  No.  3  above  Upper  Dis- 
covery at  a  salary  of  twenty-five  dollars  per  day.  There  he  worked  through  the 
winter  of  1898-9  for  McDonald,  the  Klondike  king,  the  Alaska  Commercial 
Company  and  Philip  Broner.  In  the  spring  of  1899  he  purchased  a  third  inter- 
est in  this  mine  for  two  thousand  dollars  and  thirty-five  days  later  sold  his 
interest  for  twelve  thousand  dollars  cash.  In  the  fall  of  1899  he  went  to 
Nome  and  bought  a  team  of  six  dogs  for  six  hundred  dollars.  He  took  part 
in  the  stampede  there  and  staked  out  a  number  of  claims,  also  taking  charge 
of  No.  2  on  Dexter  creek  for  the  North  America  Trading  &  Transportation 
Company  and  opening  up  that  property  for  them. 

In  the  winter  of  1899-1900  Mr.  Beaton  headed  a  stampede  for  Tusquiquin, 
nine  hundred  miles  north  of  Nome,  making  the  round  trip  of  eighteen  hundred 
miles  that  season  with  a  dog  team.  On  the  thirty-second  day  of  the  journey 
they  encountered  a  terrific  blizzard  and  lost  their  way.  Mr.  Beaton  had  three 
companions,  Dolan,  Hastings  and  Campbell,  each  of  whom  had  his  own  team. 
Seeing  an  Indian  some  distance  away  and  knowing  that  the  red  man  was 
going  to  shelter  until  after  the  storm,  Mr.  Beaton,  who  had  the  fastest  team, 
took  the  lead  and  followed  the  Indian  about  twelve  miles,  when  he  discovered 
that  he  had  lost  his  partners.  He  stopped  and  called  to  them  but  after  wait- 
ing for  a  couple  of  hours  decided  to  seek  shelter,  for  the  storm  was  still  raging. 
At  the  end  of  three  days'  search  he  found  the  Indian  village  of  Old  Hamilton. 
There  he  waited  several  days  and  when  the  storm  had  abated  sent  out  two 
Indians,  who  found  his  partners  and  brought  them  into  the  village.  They, 
in  the  meantime,  had  left  their  sleighs  behind  in  an  attempt  to  get  to  the  village 
and  had,  when  found,  been  without  food  for  three  days.  Dolan  was  uncon- 
scious and  badly  frozen,  but  the  other  two  men  had  fared  better.  After  a  two 
days'  sojourn  in  the  village,  Mr.  Beaton  and  his  companions  went  back  for 
their  sleighs,  on  which  all  the  food  was  packed,  and  again  started  out  for  the 
strike,  which  was  still  three  hundred  and  fifty  miles  distant.  They  reached  the 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1025 

supposed  strike  but  found  it  a  fake.  On  the  way  back  to  St.  Michael  they 
encountered  a  party  of  three  men,  Madden,  Callaghan  and  McNeil.  Madden 
had  both  his  feet  frozen  and  after  reaching  the  hospital  at  St.  Michael  was 
obliged  to  have  them  amputated  above  the  ankles.  The  hands  of  both  Callaghan 
and  McNeil  were  frozen,  and  had  to  be  cut  off  at  the  wrists.  When  Mr.  Beaton 
and  his  companions  discovered  these  men  they  had  been  in  an  igloo,  an  Indian 
shack,  for  six  weeks.  He  informed  the  sufferers  that  he  would  cook  them  a 
meal  and  wash  them.  McNeil  pleaded:  "You  will  not  do  that  and  then  leave 
us  in  the  morning,  as  the  others  have  done,  will  you?  We  have  been  here  six 
weeks  and  all  of  us  are  crippled,  but  life  is  still  sweet."  Mr.  Beaton  assured 
them  that  he  would  not  leave  them  there,  and  in  the  morning  fitted  up  another 
sleigh,  putting  two  of  the  men  on  his  own  and  the  third  on  Campbell's  sleigh. 
In  that  way  he  brought  them  into  St.  Michael,  a  distance  of  three  hundred 
miles.  When  within  a  half  day's  travel  of  St.  Michael  they  met  four  dog 
teams  that  had  been  sent  by  the  United  States  government  to  search  for  the 
lost  men.  The  search  had  been  ordered  by  General  Ronald,  officer  in  charge 
at  St.  Michael,  who  had  made  arrangements  to  pay  twenty  dollars  a  day  for 
each  of  the  four  teams  or  a  total  of  eighty  dollars  per  day.  Mr.  Beaton  sug- 
gested to  the  leader  of  the  party  that  he  be  paid  the  eighty  dollars  per  day  for 
the  time  he  had  been  carrying  the  disabled  men.  He  received  the  retort  that 
it  was  supposed  he  was  bringing  back  the  men  gratis.  Mr.  Beaton  explained 
that  he  was,  but  added  that  if  he  were  paid  the  four  hundred  dollars  for  the 
five  days  he  would  turn  the  money  over  to  the  men  who  were  in  need  of  it. 
This  was  agreed  upon,  and  with  the  money  Mr.  Beaton  headed  a  subscription 
list  upon  which  was  raised  eighteen  hundred  dollars  for  the  three  sufferers. 
They  were  cared  for  in  the  Army  Hospital  at  St.  Michael  until  spring  and  were 
then  able  to  go  where  they  wished,  Madden  and  Callaghan  making  their  way 
to  San  Francisco,  while  McNeil  went  to  Seattle.  When  these  men  had  been 
placed  in  the  care  of  the  institution  Mr.  Beaton  and  his  partners  proceeded 
on  their  return  to  Nome,  a  distance  of  three  hundred  and  twenty  miles.  The 
entire  trip  consumed  five  months,  and  it  was  in  the  spring  of  1900  that  they 
arrived  in  Nome. 

Mr.  Beaton  next  entered  the  employ  of  Alexander  MacKenzie,  who  was 
appointed  by  the  United  States  government  as  receiver  for  Nome,  remaining  in  his 
service  until  the  fall  of  1900.  He  then  returned  to  Dawson  and  in  the  spring  of 
1901  again  engaged  in  mining  on  Dominion  creek,  taking  a  lay  on  claim  No.  6 
below  Lower  Discovery.  After  working  that  for  six  months  he  went  to  Gold 
Run,  where  he  mined  No.  28  throughout  the  winter.  In  the  spring  of  1902 
he  went  to  Gold  Bottom,  took  a  lay  on  a  claim  and  worked  there  during  the 
summer.  In  the  fall  he  started  for  Atlin,  British  Columbia,  took  a  dog  team 
and  crossed  to  Telegraph  creek,  a  post  on  the  Stikine  river,  where  he  spent 
the  winter  with  Johnny  Highland,  a  well  known  trader  on  the  Stikine.  From 
him  he  purchased  No.  13  below  on  Hunker  creek,  which  he  worked  for  a  year 
and  then  sold.  Subsequently  he  took  a  lay  on  the  Anderson  concession  on 
Hunker  creek,  which  he  worked  throughout  the  summer  of  1004.  In  the  fall 
he  went  to  Fairbanks,  British  Columbia,  and  took  a  lay  on  No.  14  below  on 
Clary  creek,  which  he  worked  continuously  for  eighteen  months.  In  the  winter 
of  1905-6  he  removed  to  Vault  creek  and  took  a  lay  on  the  Victor  group,  sink- 
ing a  shaft  two  hundred  and  twenty  feet  deep  but  missing  the  pay  ore  by  sixty 
feet,  which  put  it  on  the  next  claim.  In  the  spring  he  made  his  way  to  Dome 
creek  and  put  up  a  plant  on  the  Shakespeare  group  for  Dunn,  Morgan  and 
himself.  He  operated  this  on  a  basis  of  fifteen  dollars  per  day  and  a  third 
interest  in  the  property,  working  thus  until  the  fall,  when  he  sold  out.  He 
then  left  the  interior,  coming  out  at  Seattle,  but  immediately  made  his  way 
to  Vancouver,  arriving  there  in  the  fall  of  1906. 

In  the  following  winter  he  in  company  with  A.  F.  Kobes  took  a  lease  from 
the  government  on  sixty-four  sections  of  timber  on  Mackenzie  Sound.  In  the 
spring  of  1907  they  sold  this,  and  went  to  Prince  Rupert  and  staked  twenty 


1026  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

thousand  acres  of  land  in  the  Lekelse  valley,  making  the  first  payment  to  the 
government,  and  in  a  short  time  they  sold  the  entire  tract.  In  1908  they  bought 
adjoining  tracts  from  individuals  aggregating  four  thousand  acres.  This  pur- 
chase was  made  by  the  Lekelse  Homes,  Limited,  of  which  Mr.  Beaton  is  director 
and  one  of  the  principal  stockholders.  The  vast  area  of  fertile  land  is  situated 
only  fifty  miles  east  of  Haysport,  on  the  Grand  Trunk  Pacific,  and  will  be  sold  to 
the  fishermen  of  the  Skeena  in  ten-acre  tracts  for  home  sites,  offering  to  these 
fishermen  the  greatest  opportunity  they  could  desire.  They  are  sold  the  tracts 
on  easy  payments  covering  a  long  term.  In  the  fishing  season  they  may  leave 
their  boats  at  Haysport  on  Saturday  mornings,  as  the  law  now  requires  them  to 
suspend  fishing  for  thirty-six  hours,  and  for  a  mere  trifle  of  expense  take  the 
train  to  their  homes  to  spend  Saturday  and  Sunday  and  be  back  on  an  early 
Monday  morning  train.  During  the  time  they  are  away  on  the  river  their  families 
are  close  to  schools,  churches  and  the  railroad  and  may  care  for  their  gardens 
and  small  farms,  the  proceeds  of  which  will  cover  all  cost  of  living.  When  the 
fishing  season  is  over  the  men  may  return  to  their  homes  and  farms  and  through 
industrious  cultivation  earn  a  good  and  steady  income.  These  are  the  reasons 
why  this  land,  in  such  close  proximity  to  the  greatest  fishing  port  in  northern 
British  Columbia,  offers  a  wonderful  opportunity  to  new  settlers.  In  1910  Mr. 
Beaton  took  an  option  on  the  Silver  Standard  mine  at  Hazelton,  British  Columbia, 
and  in  ten  days  sold  it  to  the  Stewarts.  In  1911  Mr.  Beaton  in  company  with 
Mr.  Kobes  took  one  hundred  and  forty-five  sections  of  coal  land  in  the  Ground 
Hog  district  of  British  Columbia,  for  forty-two  sections  of  which  they  have  taken 
out  a  license.  Associated  with  them  in  this  project  are  Duncan  Ross  and  Mathew 
Johnson.  Mr.  Beaton  is  a  stockholder  in  the  Graham  Fish  Company  of  San  Juan 
Island,  Washington,  and  is  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Junction  Hotel  at  Coquit- 
lam.  He  likewise  has  a  half  interest  in  an  apartment  house  in  Coquitlam  and  also 
owns  property  in  Prince  Rupert.  The  success  which  has  attended  his  undertak- 
ings and  which  has  gained  him  recognition  among  the  prosperous  and  representa- 
tive citizens  of  the  province  has  been  the  result  of  his  own  well  directed  efforts, 
keen  discernment  and  splendid  ability. 

On  the  3ist  day  of  December,  1912,  at  Seattle,  Washington,  Mr.  Beaton  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Laura  E.  Troth,  of  Elizabethtown,  Kentucky.  He 
supports  the  conservative  party  and  takes  a  keen  interest  in  public  affairs  but  is 
not  active  in  politics.  His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Catholic  church.  Widely 
known  and  highly  esteemed,  his  life  record  cannot  fail  to  prove  of  interest  to 
his  many  friends,  and  it  is  therefore  with  pleasure  that  we  present  this  review 
to  our  readers. 


ANGUS   McKINNON. 

Angus  McKinnon  is  proving  an  active  factor  in  the  development  of  Duncan, 
on  Vancouver  island.  He  was  born  at  Madoc,  Ontario,  December  25,  1856,  a 
son  of  Lachlan  and  Ann  (Robertson)  McKinnon.  A  great-uncle  of  our  subject 
served  through  the  French  war,  fought  in  the  battle  of  Waterloo,  and  was  after- 
ward mentioned  in  Lever's  history  of  the  war.  Lachlan  McKinnon  was  born 
in  Glenelg,  Invernesshire,  Scotland,  and  the  mother  on  the  Isle  of  Skye,  Scot- 
land. They  were  married  in  the  land  of  hills  and  heather  and  in  1849  became 
residents  of  Ontario,  where  they  remained  throughout  the  residue  of  their  days, 
the  father  following  agricultural  pursuits.  They  had  a  family  of  seven  children, 
of  whom  three  are  living,  Donald,  Murdock  and  Angus.  Mrs.  Ann  McKinnon 
was  born  in  the  same  parish  as  was  Gladstone's  mother,  whose  maiden  name  was 
also  Robertson,  her  birth  occurring  a  generation  or  two  later. 

Angus  McKinnon  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  at  Queensborough, 
Ontario,  but  his  school  privileges  were  limited.  His  training  at  farm  labor,  how- 
ever, was  not  meager,  for  at  an  early  age  he  began  to  follow  the  plow  and  con- 


ANGUS  McKINNON 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1029 

tinned  to  assist  his  father  in  the  work  of  the  fields  until  twenty  years  of  age. 
He  then  went  to  Dresden,  Ontario,  where  he  rented  a  farm  for  two  years  and 
afterward  spent  a  year  in  steamboating.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he 
made  his  way  westward  to  Winnipeg,  entering  the  service  of  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railway  Company,  which  was  then  building  its  line.  After  a  year  he  went  to  the 
Dakotas  and  was  one  of  the  first  to  lay  steel  rails  on  the  Northern  Pacific.  He 
spent  two  years  in  that  way  and  later  purchased  a  farm  and  also  cultivated  rented 
land  for  six  years. 

In  1887  Mr.  McKinnon  arrived  in  Vancouver,  where  he  established  himself  in 
the  general  contracting  business,  building  wharves  and  doing  other  such  work 
on  his  own  account.  Two  years  were  passed  in  that  way  and  he  then  came  to 
Duncan,  where  he  leased  and  operated  a  sawmill  for  four  years.  He  next  pur- 
chased the  farm  upon  which  he  now  resides,  becoming  the  owner  of  one  hundred 
and  twenty  acres  of  wild  land,  all  of  which  is  now  highly  improved  and  a  part 
of  which  is  today  within  the  boundary  limits  of  the  town.  He  has  always  carried 
on  mixed  farming,  yet  has  specialized  to  a  large  extent  in  dairying,  supplying 
Duncan  with  milk.  As  the  years  passed  on  he  prospered  in  his  farm  work  and  his 
land  has  become  very  valuable.  He  gave  a  plot  of  ground  to  the  King's  Daughters 
for  a  hospital,  the  building  occupying  a  magnificent  site  upon  an  elevation.  He 
also  sold  eight  acres  of  the  original  one  hundred  and  twenty  for  a  mill  site.  Much 
credit  is  due  Mr.  McKinnon  for  clearing  the  land  upon  which  the  town  of  Duncan 
has  been  laid  out.  The  land  lies  near  and  in  fact  adjoins  Somenos  lake,  which  is 
only  nine  feet  above  high  tide.  He  is  promoting  work  to  have  the  lake  connected 
with  Cowichan  bay,  utilizing  the  Cowichan  river  in  furthering  this  project,  which 
when  completed  will  greatly  advance  the  value  of  property  in  and  near  Duncan, 
as  it  will  give  the  community  an  "all  water"  outlet  to  the  sea.  The  importance 
of  such  an  undertaking  can  well  be  imagined  and  in  planning  it  Mr.  McKinnon  has 
shown  remarkable  foresight  and  notable  public  spirit.  In  fact  there  is  no  move- 
ment set  on  foot  for  the  betterment  of  the  community  in  which  he  is  not  an  active 
promoter  and  his  substantial  aid  and  encouragement  have  been  given  to  every 
project  for  the  public  good. 

Mr.  .McKinnon  was  married  in  1887  to  Miss  Hannah  Beregan,  of  Minnesota, 
and  to  them  have  been  born  five  children :  Annie,  the  wife  of  F.  C.  Jacoby,  of 
Vancouver;  and  Sybil,  William,  Flora  and  Lachlan,  all  yet  at  home.  In  politics 
Mr.  McKinnon  is  an  old-time  liberal  and  he  served  for  some  years  on  the  munici- 
pal council.  He  is  willing,  however,  that  his  public  service  -shall  be  done  as  a 
private  citizen  and  no  man  has  been  more  interested  or  active  in  the  welfare  of 
Duncan  than  Mr.  McKinnon,  the  value  of  whose  services  is  recognized  by  all. 


HENRY  GUSTAV  MULLER. 

Henry  Gustav  Muller,  one  of  the  most  honored,  progressive  and  highly 
respected  pioneer  business  men  of  Vernon,  is  now  living  retired  after  many 
years'  identification  with  business  interests  of  the  city  as  proprietor  of  the 
Coldstream  Hotel.  He  is  a  sturdy,  upright  and  straightforward  native  son  of 
Germany,  born  July  19,  1846,  his  parents  being  John  and  Matilda  Muller. 

Henry  Gustav  Muller  acquired  his  education  in  his  native  country  and 
remained  in  Germany  until  he  was  nineteen  years  of  age,  at  which  time  he 
crossed  the  Atlantic  to  New  York,  where  he  remained  until  1869.  In  that 
year  he  went  to  San  Francisco  and  followed  the  cabinet-making  trade  in  that 
city  for  eight  years.  Going  to  Oregon  at  the  end  of  that  time,  he  followed 
the  same  occupation  in  that  state  until  1886  and  then  came  to  British  Columbia. 
He  was  in  the  furniture  business  in  Vancouver  and  in  Victoria  for  five  years, 
but  at  the  end  of  that  time  came  to  Vernon,  arriving  in  this  part  of  the  prov- 
ince before  a  railroad  was  constructed  through  it.  He  walked  from  Sycamouse 
to  Vernon  and  after  his  arrival  established  the  Coldstream  Hotel,  the  first 


1030  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

enterprise  of  its  kind  in  the  city.  This  he  continued  to  operate  with  increas- 
ing success  until  1908,  when  he  leased  it  and  retired  from  active  business  life 
to  enjoy  in  rest  and  comfort  the  fruits  of  his  former  toil. 

Mr.  Muller  was  married  June  5,  1890,  to  Miss  Mathilde  Augusta  Mandels- 
loh  of  Berlin,  Ontario  and  they  have  three  children:  Martha  Ella,  now  Mrs. 
L.  H.  Rogers;  Hurietta  Bertha,  at  home;  and  Alfred  Bernard,  also  at  home. 
Mr.  Muller  is  well  known  in  local  fraternal  circles  and  has  the  distinction  of 
being  the  oldest  member  of  the  Knights  of  Pythias  in  British  Columbia.  He 
has  passed  through  all  the  chairs  in  that  organization  and  has  taken  an  active 
interest  in  the  expansion  and  spread  of  the  order  through  the  province,  having 
instituted  lodges  in  all  of  the  principal  cities.  He  belongs  also  to  the  Masonic 
order.  Mr.  Muller  is  a  very  public-spirited  and  progressive  citizen  and  is 
interested  in  everything  that  relates  to  municipal  improvement  or  to  the  advance- 
ment of  civic  affairs.  He  served  as  mayor  of  Vernon  in  1906  and  1907  and  in 
official  life  as  well  as  in  social  and  business  relations  has  ever  proved  himself 
upright,  straightforward  and  honorable. 


ARNOLD    EVERARD    FORBES. 

Arnold  Everard  Forbes,  assistant  manager  of  the  Island  Investment  Com- 
pany, Ltd.,  is  active  in  the  work  which  is  leading  to  the  rapid  settlement  and 
development  of  Vancouver  island  and  the  substantial  upbuilding  of  Victoria. 
He  was  born  at  Forbes  Point,  Nova  Scotia,  August  8,  1877,  and  is  a  son  of 
John  and  Margaret  Forbes,  representatives  of  an  old  Scotch  family.  In  the 
public  schools  of  Nova  Scotia  he  pursued  his  education  and  after  his  text-books 
were  put  aside  became  connected  with  railroad  interests  in  different  parts  of 
the  United  States,  his  time  being  thus  passed  until  1909,  when  he  sought  the 
opportunities  offered  by  the  northwest  and  came  to  Victoria.  Here  he  asso- 
ciated himself  with  the  Island  Investment  Company,  Ltd.,  being  secretary  and 
treasurer  until  1912,  when  he  was  elected  assistant  manager,  which  position  he 
fills  at  the  present  time.  In  the  intervening  years  he  thoroughly  acquainted 
himself  with  every  phase  of  the  business  and  is  now  bending  his  energies  to . 
executive  direction  and  administrative  control.  This  company  is  active  in  the 
work  of  exploiting  the  natural  resources  and  advantages  of  this  part  of  the 
country  and  has  gained  a  large  clientage.  Mr.  Forbes  has  made  investments 
in  Victoria  property  and  his  holdings  return  him  a  good  income. 

At  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  on  the  3d  of  July,  '1908,  Mr.  Forbes  was 
married  to  Miss  Addie  Allen,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Walter  Allen,  Cana- 
dian people,  and  they  now  have  one  child,  Eric  Everard.  Mr.  Forbes  holds 
membership  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  is  also  connected 
with  the  Benevolent  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  Since  starting  out  in  life  on  his 
own  account  he  has  steadily  worked  his  way  upward,  making  good  use  of  his 
opportunities  and  ever  seeking  to  promote  his  efforts  along  lines  that  win  not 
only  honorable  success  for  the  individual  but  also  constitute  a  factor  in  general 
progress  and  improvement. 


DONALD    C.    McGILLIVRAY. 


Donald  C.  McGillivray,  living  retired  in  Chilliwack,  is  a  native  of  Ontario, 
born  in  Glengarry  county,  February  29,  1848,  a  son  of  Donald  and  Christie 
(Chisholm)  McGillivray.  He  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
his  native  section  and  laid  aside  his  books  at  the  age  of  twelve,  at  which  time 
he  went  to  St.  Lawrence  county  and  worked  in  the  iron  mines  for  a  short  time. 
Later  he  moved  to  Muskoko  and  the  Georgian  Bay  district  and  there  engaged  in 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1031 

the  sawmill  business  until  1868.  He  has  made  many  changes  in  occupation  and 
interests  during  his  active  career  and  has  been  identified  with  much  pioneer  work 
in  western  America  and  Canada  but  it  is  typical  of  the  force  of  his  business  ability 
and  judgment  that  each  move  has  furthered  his  prosperity  and  brought  him  one 
step  nearer  the  goal  of  success.  From  1868  to  1870  he  was  in  the  lumber  busi- 
ness in  Pennsylvania  and  in  the  latter  year  went  to  Nevada,  where  he  spent  a 
short  time  in  the  famous  Virginia  mine.  In  the  same  year,  however,  he  went 
to  Seattle  and  followed  the  lumber  business  on  Puget  Sound  until  1874.  That 
year  found  him  at  Cassiar,  at  the  time  of  the  great  gold  discoveries  in  that 
section,  and  he  prospected  and  mined  there  for  five  years,  leaving  in  1880  and 
going  to  Cariboo.  Afterward  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railroad  and  worked  upon  construction  until  the  line  was  finished  about  the 
year  1885.  He  then  established  himself  in  the  contracting  and  building  busi- 
ness in  Kamloops,  British  Columbia,  and  there  remained  until  1890,  in  which 
year  he  set  aside  his  business  affairs  and  traveled  throughout  the  United  States, 
visiting  nearly  all  of  the  principal  cities.  When  he  returned  to  Canada  he  set- 
tled in  Alberta  and  was  there  one  year  before  he  went  to  the  Kootenay  mining 
district  to  prospect  for  gold.  After  two  years,  however,  he  resumed  his  travels, 
this  time  journeying  through  Canada,  and  in  1904  came  to  Chilliwack.  He  has 
since  lived  in  retirement  here,  in  the  enjoyment  of  well  earned  and  well  merited 
rest. 

Mr.  McGillivray  was  married  in  1897  to  Mrs.  Joseph  Farr  of  Chilliwack, 
who  has  lived  in  that  city  since  1862.  Fraternally  Mr.  McGillivray  is  connected 
with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  He  is  interested  in  the  welfare 
and  progress  of  the  community,  giving  his  support  to  many  measures  for  the 
public  good,  and  this  public  spirit  has  been  given  active  expression  in  the  city 
council,  of  which  body  he  has  been  a  member  for  two  years.  In  business  deal- 
ings he  has  ever  been  straightforward  and  reliable,  enjoying  the  full  confidence 
of  those  with  whom  he  has  been  associated  and  proving  himself  in  all  things 
a  worthy  and  representative  citizen. 


JAMES  RAWLINSON  WAGHORN. 

James  Rawlinson  Waghorn,  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Waghorn,  Gwynn  & 
Company,  of  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  is  identified  in  that  connection  with 
one  of  the  largest  investment  businesses  in  the  province.  The  firm  conducts  a 
large  loan  department  and  handles  all  kinds  of  local  securities,  as  well  as  stocks 
which  are  traded  in  the  New  York,  Canadian,  and  London  markets.  Moreover, 
they  represent  various  of  the  oldest  and  strongest  British  insurance  companies, 
and'  important  French  and  Belgian  capitalists.  The  success  which  the  firm  has 
enjoyed  is  attributable  to  the  personal  efforts  of  Mr.  Waghorn  and  his  partners, 
who  are  able,  shrewd,  progressive  yet  conservative  business  men. 

•James  R.  Waghorn  was  born  in  Stratford,  England,  February  9,  1859,  a  son 
of  George  Augustus  and  Kathleen  Waghorn.  James  R.  Waghorn  was  educated 
at  Brighton,  England,  and  remained  in  that  country  until  1883,  when,  at  the  age 
of  twenty-four  years,  he  came  to  Canada.  He  first  made  a  tentative  trip  to  the 
Rocky  mountains,  viewing  the  construction  of  the  first  transcontinental  railway. 
He  finally  decided  upon  Winnipeg  as  a  place  of  location  and  there  became  con- 
nected with  the  land  surveying  department  of  the  Canadian  Pacific,  continuing 
with  that  corporation  for  several  years.  His  first  public  achievement  was  the 
founding  of  the  now  well  known  Waghorn  Guide  to  Manitoba  and  the  North- 
west, which  has  become  so  successful.  It  is  now  issued  by  a  company  of  which 
Mr.  Waghorn  is  the  head  and  the  chief  stockholder.  When  Osier,  Hammond 
&  Nanton  opened  offices  in  Winnipeg  he  became  associated  with  that  firm  and 
while  in  their  service  held  the  position  of  secretary  of  the  North  of  Scotland 
Canadian  Mortgage  Company.  He  continued  with  that  well  known  firm  until 


1032  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

1905.  While  in  Winnipeg  Mr.  Waghorn  had  formed  an  acquaintance  with  Mr. 
G.  Ivor  Gwynn,  who  at  that  time  was  connected  with  the  insurance  firm  of  Allan, 
Lang  &  Killan.  In  1905  they  came  to  Vancouver  and  forming  a  partnership 
organized  the  present  firm  of  Waghorn,  Gwynn  &  Company,  which  enjoys  a 
most  representative  and  extensive  patronage.  They  are  also  largely  engaged  in 
the  loan  business  and  handle  all  active  stocks  and  shares  and  have  direct  telegraph 
connection  with  Chicago  and  New  York,  publishing  current  quotations  of  the  lead- 
ing New  York  securities.  Mr.  Waghorn  is  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Vancouver 
Stock  Exchange  and  had  the  honor  of  serving  as  the  second  president  of  that 
promising  organization  in  1908. 

In  1891  Mr.  Waghorn  married  in  Winnipeg  Miss  Caroline  Beckett,  of 
Cheshire,  England,  and  of  this  union  one  daughter  has  been  born,  Dorothy. 

Although  Mr.  Waghorn  is  public-spirited  in  the  best  sense  of  the  word  and 
takes  a  deep  interest  in  all  movements  undertaken  for  the  public  benefit,  he  has 
never  become  active  in  political  affairs.  He  gives  his  allegiance  to  the  conserva- 
tive party,  upholding  its  principles  and  candidates.  Mr.  Waghorn  has  always 
been  interested  in  sports  both  in  Winnipeg  and  Vancouver,  and  in  the  former 
city  served  as  president  of  the  Tennis  Club  and  was  also  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  Winnipeg  Hockey  Club  and  at  one  time  its  president.  He  seeks  recrea- 
tion in  shooting,  golf  and  fishing,  counterbalancing  in  that  way  his  business  activi- 
ties. He  is  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  Club,  the  Jericho  Country  Club,  of  which 
he  was  president  in  1910,  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria  and  the  Manitoba  Club. 
In  the  commercial  and  financial  world  of  Vancouver  he  has  attained  an  enviable 
place  and  in  full  measure  enjoys  the  confidence  and  good-will  of  all  who  have 
business  or  social  relations  with  him. 


DUNCAN  McRAE. 

Duncan  McRae,  who  since  1898  has  followed  ranching  and  fruit  raising  near 
Mission  City,  contributing  in  substantial  measure  by  his  well  directed  and  prac- 
tical work  to  the  agricultural  development  of  this  vicinity,  was  born  in  Kyle, 
Lochalsh,  Scotland,  April  26,  1842.  He  is  a  son  of  Christopher  and  Mary  Mc- 
Rae, both  of  whom  have  passed  away.  The  former  was  for  many  years  engaged 
in  stone  cutting  and  farming. 

Duncan  McRae  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  on  the  island  of 
Skye  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  worked  for  eight  years  as  a  shepherd.  He 
was  afterward  gamekeeper  in  Glenavon  forest,  a  famous  preserve  in  Scotland, 
and  he  held  this  position  until  1878,  when  he  left  his  native  country  and  emigrated 
to  America.  He  settled  in  New  York  state,  where  he  remained  for  one  year, 
after  which  he  moved  to  Texas,  spending  a  year  in  that  state  and  a  similar 
period  in  New  Mexico.  In  1882  he  moved  to  the  state  of  Washington,  where 
he  was  for  four  years  in  charge  of  a  large  logging  camp  operated  by  the  Tacoma 
Mill  Company.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  remaining 
two  years  when  he  returned  to  Washington.  He  then  again  came  to  British 
Columbia,  homesteading  land  in  Cedar  valley  among  the  early  settlers  in  that 
part  of  the  province.  In  1890  he  received  a  deed  from  the  government  for  his 
farm  and  he  continued  to  reside  upon  the  property  until  1898,  when  he  bought 
his  present  homestead  adjoining  Mission  City.  Here  he  has  since  engaged  in 
ranching  and  fruit  raising  and  his  well  directed  efforts  have  been  rewarded  by 
a  substantial  degree  of  success. 

In  February,  1878,  Mr.  .McRae  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Betsy  Carr, 
a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  Carr,  the  latter  of  whom  died  about  1906. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  McRae  are  the  parents  of  two  daughters,  both  of  whom  are  mar- 
ried. Mr.  McRae  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  is  a  liberal  in 
his  political  views  and  takes  an  active  and  intelligent  interest  in  the  growth  and 
development  of  this  part  of  the  province.  For  two  years  he  was  councillor  for 


DUNCAN  McRAE 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1035 

the  Mission  municipality  and  he  has  been  school  trustee,  the  cause  of  education 
finding  in  him  an  able  supporter.  The  twenty-seven  years  of  residence  in  Brit- 
ish Columbia  have  brought  him  well  deserved  success  and  his  excellent  qualities 
of  mind  and  character  have  gained  him  the  esteem  and  confidence  of  all  who 
are  associated  with  him. 


DUNCAN    EDWARD    CAMPBELL. 

One  of  the  best  known  of  the  commercial  enterprises  of  Victoria  is  Camp- 
bell's drug  store,  situated  at  the  corner  of  Douglas  and  Fort  streets,  and  its 
proprietor  is  one  of  the  most  popular  and  highly  respected  merchants  of  the 
city.  In  the  long  years  of  an  active  business  career,  he  has  made  continuous 
progress  and  his  position  today  is  among  the  successful  representatives  of  com- 
mercial affairs  in  the  island  metropolis.  What  he  has  accomplished  represents 
the  fit  utilization  he  has  made  of  his  time,  talents  and  opportunities,  and  his 
example  may  well  serve  to  encourage  and  inspire  others. 

Mr.  Campbell  was  born  August  17,  1857,  at  St.  Thomas,  Ontario,  being  the 
youngest  in  the  family  of  three  sons  and  two  daughters  whose  parents,  Duncan 
and  Mary  (Turner)  Campbell,  were  natives  of  Ontario,  Canada.  The  father 
followed  agricultural  pursuits  until  his  death  in  1857  when  he  was  but  fifty-six 
years  of  age.  His  wife,  long  surviving  him,  passed  away  in  1902.  The  paternal 
grandparents  of  Duncan  E.  Campbell  were  natives  of  Argyleshire,  Scotland, 
and  came  to  Canada  at  an  early  day.  The  maternal  grandparents  were  also  born 
in  Argyleshire  and  arrived  in  Canada  about  the  same  time  as  the  Campbell 
family,  settling  at  a  point  on  Lake  Erie  known  as  Nellie's  Hill,  which  place  was 
so  called  in  honor  of  Mrs.  Nellie  Campbell,  the  grandmother  of  our  subject. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  Duncan  E.  Campbell  was  a  representative  of  two 
of  the  old  Scottish  Canadian  families  and  in  his  life  he  has  displayed  many  of 
the  sterling  characteristics  of  his  Scottish  ancestry.  In  his  boyhood  he  was  a 
pupil  in  the  grammar  schools  of  St.  Thomas,  Ontario,  continuing  his  studies  to 
the  age  of  seventeen  years,  after  which  time  he  entered  the  drug  business  in 
St.  Thomas  in  the  capacity  of  clerk.  Three  years  were  spent  in  that  way  and 
in  1877  he  came  to  British  Columbia  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Survey. 
It  was  his  intention  to  take  up  engineering  and  for  a  year  he  worked  in  that 
way,  but  on  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  returned  to  the  drug  business,  being 
employed  in  San  Francisco  for  a  year  and  a  half. 

In  1879  Mr.  Campbell  arrived  in  Victoria  and  spent  two  years  in  the  employ 
of  Mr.  Shotboldt,  a  druggist,  during  which  period  he  became  interested  with 
his  employer  in  the  establishment  of  a  branch  store  at  Yale.  At  that  time  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway  was  being  built  and  Mr.  Campbell  opened  a  drug 
store  at  Yale,  continuing  in  charge  until  it  was  destroyed  by  fire  a  few  months 
later.  He  next  returned  to  Victoria  and  entered  the  drug  business  on  his  own 
account  at  the  corner  of  Fort  and  Douglas  streets,  remaining  continually  at 
that  location  until  March,  1913,  when  he  removed  into  commodious  quarters 
in  a  modern  eight-story  brick  business  block  which  he  had  erected  and  which 
at  that  time  had  just  been  completed.  He  occupies  the  corner  store  in  the 
building  which  is  one  of  the  finest  in  the  city.  His  location  is  unexcelled,  being 
in  the  very  heart  of  the  business  center  and  retail  district.  The  equipments 
and  fixtures  of  his  drug  store  compare  favorably  with  any  in  the  city  and  his 
patronage  is  surpassed  by  none.  Since  occupying  his  present  quarters  he  has 
confined  his  business  particularly  to  the  representing  of  drugs  and  his  store  is 
fitted  up  and  equipped  for  specializing  along  that  line.  A  contemporary  writer 
said  of  him,  "Mr.  Campbell  entered  the  arena  of  business  determined  to  win 
success.  He  fought  the  battles  incident  to  the  life  of  a  business  man  fairly  and 
openly.  He  began  in  a  small  way,  gradually  overcoming  the  difficulties  en- 
countered, until  he  now  enjoys  the  largest  drug  business  in  the  city  of  Victoria. 


1036  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

The  building  which  he  erected  at  a  cost  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dol- 
lars is  absolutely  fire  proof  and  it  is  a  monument  to  the  enterprise,  capability 
and  success  of  Mr.  Campbell." 

On  the  8th  of  October,  1901,  Mr.  Campbell  was  married  in  Petrolia,  Ontario, 
to  Beatrice  MacDonald  a  daughter  of  Alexander  and  Margaret  Jane  (McCallum) 
MacDonald,  who  were  natives  of  Scotland  and  came  to  Canada  in  the  '6os.  They 
established  their  home  at  Petrolia  where  the  father  engaged  in  the  oil  refining 
business.  In  1862  he  became  one  of  the  engineers  for  the  French  syndicate 
in  the  construction  of  the  Panama  canal,  the  French  at  that  time  being  engaged 
on  the  project  of  cutting  the  waterway  across  the  Isthmus. 

He  now  has  retired  from  active  business  and  he  and  his  wife  make  their 
home  in  London,  Ontario.  Unto  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Campbell  have  been  born 
five  children,  Margaret  Gertrude,  Mary  MacDonald,  James  Duncan  Donald,  Bar- 
bara Jean  and  Helen  Beatrice.  The  first  two  are  attending  St.  George's  school 
in  Victoria. 

Mr.  Campbell  greatly  enjoys  all  outdoor  sports  and  manly  athletics.  He 
is  particularly  fond  of  hunting  and  fishing  and  during  his  residence  in  British 
Columbia,  prior  to  his  marriage,  he  devoted  a  certain  period  of  each  year  to 
his  favorite  recreation  of  hunting,  having  covered  practically  the  whole  of  the 
province.  Many  valuable  trophies  of  his  skill  have  been  mounted  and  adorn 
the  walls  of  his  store  and  residence.  In  club  circles  Mr.  Campbell  is  well 
known.  He  belongs  to  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria,  the  Golf  Club,  the  Royal 
Victoria  Yacht  Club,  and  the  Automobile  Association.  He  is  likewise  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Board  of  Trade  of  Victoria  and  is  interested  in  various  humanitarian 
projects  and  public-spirited  movements.  He  is  a  past  president  of  the  Royal 
Jubilee  Hospital,  having  served  as  president  for  two  years  and  as  a  director  for 
two  years.  He  was  at  the  head  of  the  institution  during  the  campaign  for 
raising  money  for  the  new  Jubilee  Hospital  building  and  was  largely  instru- 
mental in  bringing  about  the  success  of  the  undertaking.  He  is  also  a  member 
of  the  Presbyterian  church. 


JOHN  WILLIS  AMBERY. 

Throughout  almost  his  entire  business  career  John  Willis  Ambery  has  been 
identified  with  financial  interests  and  with  business  enterprises  which  require 
notable  watchfulness,  keen  sagacity  and  a  ready  discrimination  between  the 
important  and  the  unimportant  phases  of  the  business.  His  expanding  powers 
have  qualified  him  for  the  responsible  duties  which  now  devolve  upon  him  as 
manager  for  Hiram  Walker  &  Sons,  Ltd.,  for  British  Columbia,  Alberta  and 
Saskatchewan. 

John  Willis  Ambery  was  born  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  December  30,  1868,  and 
is  a  son  of  the  Rev.  John  and  Henrietta  Frederic  Ambery.  The  father,  now 
deceased,  was  dean  of  Trinity  College  at  Toronto,  and  it  was  in  the  Trinity 
College  School  at  Port  Hope,  Ontario,  that  the  son  pursued  his  education.  On 
its  completion  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Dominion  Bank,  with  which  he 
remained  for  five  years,  and  in  1890  he  left  his  position  there  to  enter  the  Bank 
of  British  North  America,  which  he  represented  in  various  capacities  and  at 
various  points  for  three  years.  From  1893  until  1897  he  was  at  Hamilton,  Ontario, 
in  various  lines  of  business  and  in  the  latter  year  associated  himself  with  Hiram 
Walker  &  Sons,  Ltd.,  of  Walkerville,  Ontario.  For  several  years  he  traveled 
through  the  eastern  states  in  the  interests  of  that  corporation  and  in  1902  was 
appointed  manager  for  British  Columbia,  Alberta  and  Saskatchewan,  since  which 
time  he  has  made  his  headquarters  in  Victoria.  His  present  position  gives  him 
jurisdiction  over  the  business  in  a  wide  territory  and  involves  him  in  large  respon- 
sibilities to  which  his  powers  seem  fully  adequate. 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1037 

On  the  28th  of  July,  1902,  at  Hamilton,  Ontario,  Mr.  Ambery  was  married 
to  Miss  Augusta  Helen  Mason,  a  daughter  of  George  E.  and  Sarah  Emilie  Mason. 
Her  father  was  paymaster  of  the  Grand  Trunk  system  for  a  number  of  years,  but 
is  now  deceased.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ambery  have  a  son,  George  Edward.  Mr. 
Ambery 's  military  record  covers  five  years'  experience  as  a  member  of  the  Thir- 
teenth Royal  Regiment  of  Hamilton,  Ontario.  In  politics  he  is  a  conservative 
and  fraternally  connected  with  Barton  Lodge,  No.  6,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  the 
Independent  Order  of  Foresters,  both  of  Hamilton.  In  the  northwest  he  has 
become  socially  prominent  as  a  member  of  a  number  of  the  leading  clubs,  including 
the  Alberta  Club,  of  Calgary ;  the  Vancouver  Club,  of  Vancouver ;  and  the  Union, 
Pacific,  Victoria  Golf,  Victoria  Tennis  and  Victoria  Cricket,  all  of  Victoria.  He 
recognizes  the  fact  that  next  in  importance  to  working  is  playing  well,  and  he 
makes  his  recreation  constitute  an  even  balance  to  his  business  activity  and  thus 
insure  him  strength  and  endurance  to  meet  the  duties  of  each  succeeding  day. 


FRANCIS  COOLEY  WOLFENDEN. 

Francis  Cooley  Wolfenden,  a  pioneer  merchant  of  Armstrong,  has  since  his 
arrival  here  in  1891  been  prominently  connected  with  important  business  and 
civic  affairs.  He  was  born  in  Sapperton,  New  Westminster,  British  Columbia, 
April  1 6,  1868,  and  is  a  son  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  Richard  and  Kate  (Cooley) 
Wolfenden,  the  latter  a  native  of  Kent,  England.  A  more  extended  mention  of  the 
parents  will  be  found  on  another  page  in  this  volume. 

Francis  C.  Wolfenden  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Victoria  and  afterward  attended  high  school  there.  He  was  a  law  student  with 
Theodore  Davie  in  that  city  from  1883  to  1891.  In  the  latter  year  he  moved  to 
Armstrong,  among  the  early  residents  of  the  community,  and  three  years  after- 
ward became  connected  with  the  Okanagan  Flour  Mills  Company  as  secretary. 
In  1906  he  established  his  present  business  and  under  his  able  management  this 
has  already  grown  to  gratifying  proportions.  He  is  in  addition  a  director  in  the 
Armstrong-Okanagan  Land  Company,  Limited,  and  his  unusual  ability  is  recog- 
nized and  respected  in  business  circles  of  the  city. 

On  the  29th  of  April,  1898,  in  Winnipeg,  Mr.  Wolfenden  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Mary  Babcock,  a  daughter  of  Charles  Babcock,  of  Gait,  Ontario, 
and  a  descendant  of  United  Empire  Loyalist  stock.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wolfenden  are 
members  of  the  Church  of  England.  Since  his  arrival  in  Armstrong  Mr.  Wolf- 
enden has  taken  a  prominent  part  in  practically  every  movement  of  civic  or 
social  importance  and  his  interests,  extending  to  many  fields,  have  been  impor- 
tant forces  in  general  development.  He  has  served  as  alderman  of  the  city,  as 
license  commissioner  and  as  school  trustee,  holding  this  latter  position  from  1903 
to  1905.  He  was  secretary  of  the  Conservative  Association  from  1894  to  1909  and 
is  still  an  active  force  in  conservative  circles.  He  is  connected  fraternally  with 
Spallumcheen  Lodge,  No.  13,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  which  he  was  senior  warden  in 
1904,  and  he  served  as  financial  secretary  of  the  local  lodge  of  the  Independent 
Order  of  Foresters  from  1896  to  1913.  His  military  record  is  excellent.  From 
1885  to  1889  he  was  gunner  in  the  British  Columbia  Garrison  Artillery  at  Vic- 
toria and  in  1908  was  made  lieutenant  of  the  Independent  Company  Infantry 
of  Armstrong.  He  was  captain  of  Company  C,  One  hundred  and  second  Regi- 
ment, from  1908  to  1912  and  in  the  latter  year  was  made  major  of  the  One 
hundred  and  second  Regiment,  Rocky  Mountain  Rangers.  He  founded  the 
James  Bay  Athletic  Association  of  Victoria  and  the  Okanagan  Rifle  Association  of 
the  Okanagan,  of  which  he  is  now  the  president.  He  is  secretary  of  the  Armstrong 
&  Spallumcheen  Agricultural  Society.  He  is  in  addition  vice  president  of  the 
British  Columbia  Rifle  Association  and  is  a  member  of  the  Armstrong  Club. 
He  is  well  known  in  athletic  circles,  being  vice  president  of  the  Armstrong  Lacrosse 
Club,  president  of  the  Football  Club  and  vice  president  of  the  Hockey  Club  and  he 


1038  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

takes  an  intense  interest  in  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports.  From  this  brief  review  of 
his  career  it  may  be  seen  that  he  is  a  man  of  varied  interests,  and  that  he  pos- 
sesses the  power  to  make  all  of  them  separately  effective  along  lines  of  advance- 
ment and  progress. 


ANGUS  WYLLIE  KENNING,  M.  D. 

Dr.  Angus  Wyllie  Kenning,  one  of  the  prominent  and  able  general  practition- 
ers in  Victoria,  was  born  at  Elmira,  Ontario,  February  23,  1868.  He  is  a  son  of 
James  Hogan  and  Marion  (Campbell)  Kenning,  the  former  inspector  of  inland 
revenue  for  the  Guelph  district,  with  residence  in  Windsor,  Ontario.  The  family 
is  of  Scotch  ancestry  but  the  paternal  grandparents  were  natives  of  Ireland  and 
came  from  that  country  in  early  life  to  Canada,  the  grandfather  afterward  engag- 
ing in  agricultural  pursuits  near  Elmira  until  his  death.  The  maternal  great- 
grandfather was  for  many  years  active  in  military  affairs,  serving  as  colonel  in 
charge  of  Fort  George.  He  lost  his  life  in  the  battle  of  Queenstown  Heights. 

Dr.  Angus  Wyllie  Kenning  acquired  his  preliminary  education  in  the  public 
and  high  schools  of  Prescott,  Ontario,  and  he  afterward  entered  the  Detroit  Col- 
lege of  Medicine,  from  which  he  received  the  degree  of  M.  D.  in  1895.  He  began 
the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Duluth,  Minnesota,  and  remained  in  that  city 
for  eighteen  months,  after  which,  in  the  fall  of  1896,  he  located  in  Rossland, 
British  Columbia,  where  he  practiced  successfully  until  May,  1911.  At  that  time 
he  came  to  Victoria,  opening  offices  in  the  Sayward  building,  where  in  two  years 
he  has  gained  for  himself  a  place  among  the  representative  physicians  of  the  city. 
He  is  affiliated  with  the  British  Columbia  and  the  Victoria  Medical  Associations 
and  in  this  way  keeps  in 'touch  with  the  trend  of  modern  thought  in  his  pro- 
fession. 

In  1889  Dr.  Kenning  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Agnes  A.  Miller,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Robert  Miller,  a  native  of  Dorchestershire,  England,  who  came  to  Canada 
in  1886.  He  located  in  Posen,  Manitoba,  where  he  engaged  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1896  at  the  age  of  sixty-eight.  Dr.  and 
Mrs.  Kenning  have  become  the  parents  of  two  children :  Gordon,  who  was  born 
June  7,  1896,  and  who  is  now  a  student  in  McGill  University,  Montreal;  and 
Stuart,  whose  birth  occurred  May  4,  1899,  and  who  is  attending  Victoria  high 
school.  The  family  reside  at  No.  1503  Belcher  street. 

The  Doctor  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity,  belonging  to  the  Knights 
Templar,  and  he  is  affiliated  also  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows. 
He  served  in  the  Ninetieth  Battalion,  Winnipeg  Rifles,  from  1885  to  1889.  He 
holds  membership  in  the  Pacific  Club  and  the  Canadian  Club  and  the  Automobile 
Association,  and  is  an  enthusiastic  advocate  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports.  He 
has  gained  an  enviable  reputation  as  a  careful  and  able  physician  who  always 
adheres  to  the  highest  standards  of  professional  ethics,  and  he  therefore  enjoys 
the  confidence  of  his  patrons  and  the  respect  and  esteem  of  his  brethren  of  the 
medical  fraternity. 


WILLIAM  KENDALL  HALL,  M.  D. 

Dr.  William  Kendall  Hall,  of  Eburne,  British  Columbia,  enjoys  a  high 
reputation  among  his  colleagues  and  an  extensive  patronage  in  the  city  of  his 
residence  and  the  surrounding  district.  He  has  been  engaged  in  practice  in 
Eburne  for  about  five  years  and  in  that  time  has  gained  the  confidence  of  the 
community  to  a  remarkable  extent.  Born  in  Hull,  Quebec,  on  February  2,  1876, 
he  is  a  son  of  Richard  and  Agnes  Hall,  the  former  an  able  civil  engineer  and  a 
graduate  of  McGill  University.  After  leaving  that  institution  the  father  became 


WILLIAM  K.  HALL 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1041 

a  sawmill  contractor  and  among  others  built  the  Gilmore  sawmill  at  Toronto, 
at  the  time  of  its  construction  the  largest  in  Canada.  The  parents  are  now  living 
at  No.  2325  Third  avenue,  West  Vancouver. 

Dr.  William  K.  Hall  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  Upper  Canada 
College  and  completed  his  professional  training  at  the  Manitoba  Medical  Col- 
lege, from  which  he  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  M.  D.  in  1900.  To  im- 
prove his  learning  by  practical  experience  he  served  as  an  interne  for  one  year 
in  the  General  Hospital  and  remained  another  year  in  Winnipeg,  subsequently 
doing  much  of  the  medical  work  in  the  railroad  construction  camps  of  McKenzie 
&  Mann.  Two  years  were  spent  in  this  connection.  He  then  successfully 
practiced  for  four  years  in  Grand  View,  Manitoba,  but  in  1908  came  to  British 
Columbia  and  established  himself  at  Eburne,  where  ever  since  opening  his 
office  he  has  enjoyed  a  large  and  lucrative  practice.  Capable,  earnest  and  con- 
scientious, he  gives  the  greatest  care  and  attention  to  his  patients,  is  careful 
in  diagnosis  and  correct  in  the  application  of  remedies.  The  humane  quality 
in  his  character  is  an  important  asset  to  his  work  and  has  made  for  him  many 
friends. 

Dr.  Hall  was  united  in  marriage  at  Calgary  to  Miss  Carolyn  Avis,  a  daugh- 
ter of  George  Avis,  deceased,  and  Anna  Avis,  who  now  makes  her  home  in 
Calgary.  Mrs.  Hall's  father  was  for  many  years  prominent  as  a  lumberman  in 
Ontario  and  after  his  death  the  mother  removed  to  Calgary,  where  she  now 
has  resided  for  about  four  years.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Hall  are  the  parents  of  one 
daughter,  Avis  Margaret. 

Dr.  Hall  is  medical  health  officer  of  Point  Grey  municipality,  discharging 
his  duties  with  circumspection  and  doing  everything  in  his  power  to  improve 
health  conditions.  He  is  also  medical  examiner  of  schools.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  British  Columbia  Medical  Society.  His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the 
Presbyterian  church  and  fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows.  Recognizing  the  value  of  suitable  recreation,  he  takes  a  great 
interest  in  outdoor  sports,  deriving  from  this  source  new  energy  for  his  onerous 
duties.  Since  he  has  become  a  resident  of  Eburne  the  interests  of  this  town  have 
become  his  interests  and  he  is  ever  concerned  in  the  welfare  of  the  city  and  its 
inhabitants. 


ARCHIBALD  W.  TENNANT. 

One  of  the  most  able  and  trusted  men  in  the  employ  of  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railroad  Company  is  Archibald  W.  Tennant,  who  since  1891  has  been  connected 
with  the  road,  advancing  through  various  positions  of  importance  and  responsi- 
bility to  that  of  auditor  at  Vancouver.  He  was  born  in  Fredericton,  New  Bruns- 
wick, August  30,  1874,  and  is  a  son  of  James  and  Margaret  (Anderson)  Tennant, 
the  former  a  native  of  Glasgow  and  the  latter  of  Edinburgh,  Scotland.  Both 
have  passed  away. 

Archibald  W.  Tennant  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  city  and  laid  aside  his  books  at  the  age  of  sixteen.  He  obtained  employ- 
ment as  a  messenger  boy  for  the  Western  Union  Telegraph  Company  and  re- 
mained in  this  connection  for  one  year,  after  which,  in  September,  1891,  he  entered 
the  service  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Company  as  assistant  station  agent, 
beginning  thus  a  career  in  the  employ  of  that  corporation  which  has  brought^  him 
well  deserved  and  substantial  success.  After  remaining  three  years  at  Fredericton 
as  assistant  station  agent  he  served  for  several  years  as  station  agent  and  operator 
at  other  points  in  the  east,  and  in  1900  was  promoted  to  the  office  of  traveling 
auditor.  He  traveled  out  of  Montreal  for  a  short  time  and  was  then  transferred 
to  Calgary,  Alberta,  at  which  point  he  held  his  headquarters  from  December,  1900, 
to  October,  1907.  He  was  then  appointed  traveling  auditor  out  of  Vancouver 
and  remained  in  that  capacity  for  about  three  years,  after  which  he  was  stationed 


1042  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

in  the  city,  where  he  has  since  remained.  He  is  able  and  conscientious  in  the  dis- 
charge of  his  duties  and  has  accomplished  a  great  deal  of  important  work  for 
the  company,  whose  interests  he  keeps  constantly  in  the  foreground.  During 
the  twenty-two  years  of  his  connection  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  he  has  risen 
to  a  place  of  importance  and  responsibility  and  has  won  the  confidence  and 
esteem  of  his  superiors  and  the  respect  and  good-will  of  his  associates. 

In  Benton,  New  Brunswick,  in  September,  1902,  Mr.  Tennant  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Speer  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  three  chil- 
dren: Margaret,  Jean  and  Dorothy,  all  of  whom  are  giving  special  attention  to 
the  study  of  music.  Mr.  Tennant  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  is 
connected  fraternally  with  the  Canadian  Order  of  Foresters  at  Canterbury,  New 
Brunswick.  He  is  well  and  favorably  known  in  Vancouver,  not  only  as  a  careful 
and  reliable  business  man  but  also  as  a  public-spirited  and  progressive  citizen, 
and  he  commands  the  esteem  and  respect  of  all  who  come  in  contact  with  him. 


RICHARD  HOSKIN  DUCE. 

A  young  man  of  force,  experience  and  personality,  who  has  made  these  qualities 
factors  in  the  accomplishment  of  a  creditable  business  success  is  Richard  Hoskin 
Duce,  controlling  a  large  and  representative  patronage  as  a  real-estate  and  financial 
agent  in  Victoria.  He  was  born  in  London,  England,  on  the  i6th  of  March,  1886, 
and  is  a  son  of  Walter  and  Mary  (Hoskin)  Duce,  the  former  a  native  of  that  city, 
where  he  engaged  for  many  years  in  the  cooperage  business.  The  mother  was  born 
in  Plymouth,  England.  The  parents  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1903  and  after  spend- 
ing a  short  time  in  Saskatchewan  moved  to  Toronto,  Ontario,  where  Walter  Duce 
turned  his  attention  to  his  former  occupation.  He  is  now  one  of  the  most  promi- 
nent and  successful  business  men  of  that  city  and  controls  an  important  and  rapidly 
growing  cooperage  concern.  Mr.  Duce's  paternal  grandparents  were  natives  of 
England  and  his  grandfather  died  in  London  at  a  recent  date.  On  the  maternal 
side  he  is  a  representative  of  a  family  whose  members  have  been  well  known  in  the 
vicinity  of  Cornwall  since  1600. 

Richard  H.  Duce  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  London 
and  he  later  entered  the  Battersea  Polytechnic  Institute.  After  laying  aside  his 
books  he  turned  his  attention  to  the  cooperage  business,  working  with  his  father 
in  London  until  1903,  when  he  accompanied  his  parents  to  Canada,  settling  with 
them  in  Saskatchewan.  In  that  province  he  and  his  father  engaged  in  farming 
but  after  a  few  months  the  son  moved  to  Edmonton,  Alberta,  where  he  estab- 
lished a  cooperage  concern,  conducting  it  successfully  for  almost  three  years. 
In  1906  he  moved  to  Victoria  and  here  first  turned  his  attention  to  contracting 
and  building,  working  at  this  occupation  for  three  years  thereafter  with  varying 
success  and  finally  becoming  identified  with  a  local  real-estate  firm  as  salesman. 
After  six  months,  during  which  he  effectually  demonstrated  his  ability  along 
this  line,  he  engaged  in  business  for  himself,  opening  an  office  on  Fort  street.  He 
later  moved  to  No.  1113  Douglas  street,  in  the  Balmoral  block,  and  here  he  carries 
on  a  general  real-estate  and  insurance  business,  specializing  in  the  handling  of  city 
property.  He  has  been  very  successful  for  he  is  energetic  and  enterprising  in 
the  conduct  of  his  affairs,  paying  strict  attention  to  business  during  business 
hours  and  studying  the  conditions  by  which  his  trade  is  affected.  Being  an  expert 
judge  of  land  values,  he  has  handled  a  great  deal  of  property  in  Victoria  and 
his  patronage  is  constantly  increasing,  for  he  possesses  the  faculty  of  making 
his  business  profitable  not  only  to  himself  but  to  his  clients  also. 

Mr.  Duce  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  in  politics  is  a  stanch 
conservative,  being  a  member  of  the  local  Conservative  Club.  He  is  connected 
fraternally  with  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  and  is  a  nonresident  fellow  of  the 
Royal  Colonial  Institute.  His  membership  in  the  citizens  committee  and  the 
Progressive  Club  brings  him  in  close  touch  with  men  who,  like  himself,  are 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1043 

interested  in  the  growth  and  welfare  of  the  city  and  anxious  to  take  part  in 
promoting  its  advancement.  He  belongs  also  to  the  Canadian  Club  and  to  the 
Canadian  Highway  Association  and  in  matters  of  citizenship  is  found  always 
progressive  and  public-spirited,  cooperating  heartily  in  worthy  public  enterprises. 
In  business  he  has  proved  himself  energetic,  capable  and  f arsighted  and  his  future, 
judging  by  his  past,  will  be  rilled  with  creditable  and  worthy  accomplishments. 


HARRY  A.  BERRY. 

Among  Vancouver's  progressive  and  able  native  sons  is  numbered  Harry  A. 
Berry,  connected  with  journalistic  interests  here  as  an  employe  of  the  advertising 
department  of  the  Vaucouver  World.  He  was  born  in  this  city,  November  24, 
1891,  and  is  a  son  of  Harry  A.  and  Alice  Helen  (Miller)  Berry,  the  former  of 
whom  has  passed  away.  A  more  extended  mention  of  his  career  will  be  found 
elsewhere  in  this  work. 

Harry  A.  Berry  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Vancouver 
and  later  attended  Columbia  University  in  Portland,  Oregon,  and  Whitworth 
College  in  Tacoma,  Washington,  completing  his  studies  in  1910.  He  returned  in 
that  year  to  Vancouver  and  two  years  afterward  became  connected  with  the  adver- 
tising department  of  the  Vancouver  World.  He  has  since  maintained  this  connec- 
tion and  has  proven  his  ability  by  a  great  deal  of  excellent  work. 

On  the  i8th  of  November,  1912,  Mr.  Berry  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Hazel  Drake,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  L.  Drake,  the  former  of  whom  was 
for  many  years  connected  with  the  Royal  City  Mills  but  who  is  now  retired.  Mr. 
Berry  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  the 
Royal  Arcanum.  He  is  very  highly  regarded  among  his  business  associates  and 
his  ability  will  undoubtedly  gain  for  him  a  prominent  position  in  his  chosen  field. 


FREDERICK  STURGESS. 

Frederick  Sturgess,  one  of  the  active  and  successful  young  business  men  of 
Victoria,  prominently  connected  with  real-estate  interests  as  the  proprietor  of  the 
business  conducted  under  the  name  of  Sturgess  &  Company,  Ltd.,  was  born  in 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  England,  July  28,  1888,  and  is  a  son  of  Thomas  M.  and 
Elizabeth  J.  (Laidler)  Sturgess.  The  father,  who  was  born  in  London,  England, 
engaged  later  in  the  legal  profession  in  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  and  emigrated  to 
Canada  in  1904.  He  located  first  in  Nelson  and  after  three  years  came,  in  1907, 
to  Victoria,  where  he  now  lives  a  retired  life.  His  wife  was  a  native  of  New- 
castle-upon-Tyne and  both  the  paternal  and  maternal  grandparents  of  the  subject 
of  this  review  were  natives  of  England. 

Frederick  Sturgess  acquired  his  education  at  the  Royal  grammar  school  in 
Newcastle  and  at  Durham  College  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  came,  in  1902, 
to  Canada,  locating  first  in  Saskatchewan,  where  he  spent  one  year  on  a  cattle 
ranch  near  Broadview.  He  then  moved  to  Nelson,  British  Columbia,  where  he 
joined  his  father  in  the  fruit-raising  business,  continuing  thus  for  three  years. 
At  the  end  of  that  time  he  secured  employment  as  an  express  messenger  for  the 
Dominion  Express  Company  and  was  afterward  purser  for  the  Canadian  Pacific 
Railway  on  one  of  their  boats.  He  continued  in  this  capacity  for  some  time  and 
then  went  to  Vancouver,  where  he  entered  a  retail  grocery  concern,  remaining 
nine  months.  He  then  moved  to  Victpria  and  again  became  connected  with  the 
Canadian  Pacific  Railway  as  assistant  purser  on  boats  operating  on  the  Alaska 
route.  After  one  year  he  entered  the  employ  of  Pemberton  &  Son,  real-estate 
and  financial  agents,  and  he  thus  became  identified  with  a  line  of  work  upon 
which  he  has  concentrated  his  attention  since  that  time.  In  March,  1910,  he 


1044  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

formed  a  partnership  with  E.  A.  Harris,  establishing  the  firm  of  Harris  & 
Sturgess,  real-estate  and  financial  agents,  with  offices  at  the  corner  of  Douglas 
and  Yates  streets.  At  the  end  of  one  year  this  partnership  was  dissolved  and 
Mr.  Sturgess  continued  in  the  real-estate  business  for  himself,  operating  under 
the  name  of  F.  Sturgess  &  Company,  a  title  which  was  afterward  changed  to 
Sturgess  &  Company,  Ltd.  The  firm  does  a  general  real-estate  business,  specializ- 
ing in  the  development  of  subdivisions,  a  number  of  which  it  has  put  upon  the 
market  in  and  near  Victoria.  Of  these  Olympic  View  Park  on  Cadboro  Bay  has 
been  built  with  high  class  residences,  while  Burnside  Park,  in  the  northwest  part 
of  the  city,  and  Panama  Park,  in  the  same  district,  are  desirable  for  people  of 
moderate  means  seeking  homes  of  a  less  pretentious  character.  Mr.  Sturgess  also 
developed  Mount  Baker  Park  in  the  Saanich  district,  making  it  a  high  class  resi- 
dence district.  He  has  been  very  successful  in  handling  subdivisions  and  since 
incorporating  his  present  concern  has  subdivided  over  one  thousand  acres  of  land 
in  Victoria  and  vicinity,  acting  both  as  agent  and  principal  in  this  business.  He 
is  agent  also  for  a  number  of  English  investment  companies  and  is  gradually 
extending  the  scope  of  his  business  connections,  his  ability  being  recognized  and 
respected  in  business  circles. 

In  Vancouver,  Mr.  Sturgess  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Amy  M.  Swannell, 
a  daughter  of  Fred  W.  Swannell,  a  native  of  England,  who  came  to  Canada  when 
he  was  fourteen  years  of  age.  His  wife  was  a  native  of  Toronto,  Ontario,  and 
Mrs.  Sturgess  was  born  near  Hamilton,  Ontario.  Mr.  Swannell  is  now  an  ac- 
countant, located  at  Nelson,  British  Columbia.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sturgess  have  two 
children :  Thomas  F.,  aged  five ;  and  Dorothy,  eighteen  months.  The  family  resi- 
dence is  at  1415  Montery  avenue,  Oak  Bay,  Victoria,  and  the  house  and  grounds 
are  unusually  attractive.  Mr.  Sturgess  is^  a  member  of  the  Pacific  and  Camosun 
Clubs  and  the  Automobile  Association  of  Victoria,  a  director  in  the  Progressive 
Club  and  is  very  fond  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports,  being  an  enthusiastic  fisher- 
man and  motorist.  A  young  man  of  energy,  resource  and  ability,  wide-awake  to 
the  advancing  spirit  of  the  times  and  fully  alive  to  the  importance  of  making  the 
best  use  of  each  day  as  it  comes,  he  is  a  splendid  example  of  the  modern  type  of 
business  men  and  his  usefulness  will  apparently  be  limited  only  by  the  opportuni- 
ties by  which  he  is  surrounded. 


JOHN  McKEE,  SR.,  J.  P. 

Born  in  Kilbright  House,  County  Down,  Ireland,  John  McKee,  Sr.,  became 
a  pioneer  of  British  Columbia  in  1874,  seeking  for  his  family  the  opportunities 
which  a  new  country  held  out.  He  became  one  of  the  foremost  citizens  of  his 
locality,  continuing  in  increased  measure  to  receive  the  respect  and  honor  of  all 
who  knew  him  as  he  had  been  respected  and  honored  in  his  native  district  before 
leaving  for  American  shores.  He  was  born  August  18,  1816,  and  by  his  death 
on  February  13,  1900,  in  his  eighty-fourth  year  at  "Rosetta,"  British  Columbia 
lost  one  of  its  most  venerable  pioneers.  Prior  to  his  leaving  Belfast  he  was  the 
recipient  of  a  handsome  illuminated  address,  which  is  still  at  "Rosetta"  in  the 
possession  of  his  son  John  and  which  is  most  expressive  of  the  high  estimate 
which  his  neighbors  placed  upon  him  and  the  deep  regret  which  they  felt  upon 
his  departure.  It  is  reproduced  upon  one  of  these  pages.  Mr.  McKee  was  one 
of  the  important  and  prominent  men  of  his  community  in  the  old  country,  there 
holding  public  positions,  the  duties  of  which  he  discharged  in  a  manner  that  puts 
him  forth  as  a  man  of  splendid  character  and  one  who  was  imbued  with  a  high 
conception  of  life. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  McKee  and  family  came  to  San  Francisco  via  New  York  in 
the  spring  of  1874  and  in  the  autumn  of  the  same  year  left  there  by  steamer, 
bound  for  British  Columbia.  After  remaining  all  winter  in  Sapperton  and  New 
Westminster  they  located  in  the  following  spring  at  what  was  then  known  as 


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BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1049 

the  East  Delta  Flats  and  what  is  now  known  as  the  "McKee  Settlement,"  East 
Delta.  They  were  among  the  earliest  settlers  and  remained  in  the  Delta  during 
their  entire  lives.  Mr.  McKee  became  a  pioneer  in  land  cultivation,  adapting 
his  talents  to  the  peculiar  conditions  which  existed  on  account  of  inundation  and 
other  conditions  which  made  the  reclamation  of  land  most  difficult.  However,  he 
succeeded  in  establishing,  with  the  help  of  his  sons,  a  most  profitable  farm  enter- 
prise and  in  full  measure  came  to  enjoy  the  fruits  of  his  labors.  He  was  also 
prominent  in  political  life,  his  convictions  inclining  him  towards  the  conservative 
party.  He  was  appointed  a  commissioner  of  the  peace  and  was  a  charter  member 
of  the  Delta  municipal  council. 

Mr.  McKee  was  united  in  marriage  in  Belfast,  Ireland,  in  1835,  to  Miss 
Margaret  Harris,  born  May  17,  1818,  and  a  daughter  of  James  Johnston  Harris, 
of  Princess  street,  Belfast,  Ireland.  She  was  the  youngest  and  last  surviving  mem- 
ber of  her  father's  family.  A  woman  of  strong  religious  convictions,  she  was  one 
of  the  most  regular  attendants  at  church,  her  faith  being  that  of  the  Presbyterian 
denomination,  and  until  within  a  few  weeks  of  her  death  she  could  ever  be  found 
at  the  regular  services.  For  the  last  seven  or  eight  years  of  her  life  she  made  her 
home  at  "Rosetta,"  Ladner,  retaining  all  her  faculties  until  the  last.  She  was 
deeply  venerated  and  beloved  by  all  who  had  the  privilege  of  knowing  her  and 
passed  away  after  a  useful  and  active  life  in  her  ninety-third  year,  in  1911.  As 
mentioned  before,  her  husband  preceded  her  in  death,  also  passing  away  at 
"Rosetta"  on  February  13,  1900,  in  his  eighty-fourth  year.  Of  their  children  the 
following  have  passed  away  :  James,  who  married  Mary  Finlay,  of  Newtown  Ards, 
Ireland ;  Mary  Ann,  the  wife  of  John  W.  Allen,  of  Belfast,  Ireland ;  and  Samuel 
J.  and  William,  of  Ladner,  both  of  whom  died  single.  The  surviving  members 
of  the  family  are:  Robert,  who  married  Mary  Heard,  of  Saanich,  Vancouver 
island;  Isabella,  the  wife  of  W.  E.  Curtis;  John,  who  married  Margaret  Lilla 
McNeill,  of  Toronto,  Ontario,  and  of  whom  more  extended  mention  is  made  on 
other  pages  of  these  volumes;  and  David  A.,  whose  wife  before  her  marriage 
was  Margaret  Vallance,  of  Hamilton,  Ontario,  and  who  is  also  mentioned  more 
extensively  in  another  part  of  this  work. 

Mr.  McKee  was  always  deeply  interested  in  religious  matters,  giving  evidence 
thereof  by  serving  as  elder  in  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  took  a  leading  part 
in  establishing  church  services  in  East  Delta  and  donated  the  site  for  St.  Stephen's 
church  there.  Viewing  his  life  record  from  various  angles,  Mr.  McKee  was  one 
of  the  most  notable  pioneers  of  his  district,  ever  interested  in  material,  moral 
and  intellectual  advancement  and  ever  ready  to  place  his  influence  and  means 
at  the  disposal  of  worthy  public  enterprises.  His  memory  is  still  fresh  with  all 
who  knew  him  and  his  name  is  deeply  engraven  upon  the  tablets  of  local  history. 
A  man  of  character,  he  was  always  guided  by  the  highest  impulses  and  his  untar- 
nished name  is  the  greatest  treasure  which  he  left  to  his  posterity. 


JOHN  L.  DENHOLM. 

John  L.  Denholm,  a  well  known  rancher  and  business  man  of  the  Chilliwack 
district,  was  born  in  Brant  county,  Ontario,  December  23,  1862,  and  is  a  son  of 
James  and  Barbara  Denholm,  the  former  of  whom  engaged  in  farming  for  many 
years.  Both  have  passed  away. 

John  L.  Denholm  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
county  and  laid  aside  his  books  at  a  very  early  age,  turning  his  attention  to  farm- 
ing in  that  locality  and  continuing  thus  until  he  was  twenty-seven.  In  1890  he 
moved  to  British  Columbia  and  here  secured  a  position  as  manager  of  a  ranch  of 
three  hundred  and  seventy-five  acres  owned  by  Bent  &  De  Wolfe.  Mr.  Denholm 
has  since  purchased  a  portion  of  this  property  and  his  beautiful  home  is  located 
upon  it,  one  mile  from  Chilliwack.  He  alone  is  responsible  for  the  excellent 
condition  and  attractive  appearance  of  this  place,  for  when  he  first  took  up  his 


Vol.  Ill— 37 


1050  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

residence  upon  it  it  was  a  vast  tract  of  wooded  land,  altogether  destitute  of  improve- 
ments. Through  the  years  Mr.  Denholm  has  labored  untiringly  in  its  develop- 
ment, following  the  most  modern  and  practical  agricultural  methods  and  neglect- 
ing nothing  which  would  in  any  way  add  to  its  appearance  or  value.  In  1895  he 
engaged  in  the  flour  and  grain  business  at  Chilliwack,  and  so  continued  for  several 
years.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  formed  a  partnership  with  Thomas  H.  Jack- 
son under  the  firm  name  of  Denholm  &  Jackson,  dealers  in  live  stock,  farm  imple- 
ments and  grain.  They  continued  their  association  until  1911,  when  they  disposed 
of  their  interests,  Mr.  Denholm  returning  to  his  farm,  to  which  he  now  gives  prac- 
tically all  of  his  attention. 

On  the  2d  of  November,  1888,  Mr.  Denholm  married  Miss  Ann  Clarke,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Jehu  Clarke,  who  owned  a  tannery  in  Guelph,  Ontario.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Den- 
holm have  three  children,  one  son  and  two  daughters.  Mr.  Denholm  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Baptist  church  and  is  independent  in  his  political  views.  He  was 
license  commissioner  for  a  time  and  is  in  his  third  term  as  school  trustee,  having 
been  elected  each  term  by  a  large  majority.  He  is  progressive  and  public-spirited, 
interested  in  the  growth  and  development  of  his  part  of  the  province,  and  his 
upright  and  honorable  life  has  merited  for  him  the  respect  and  confidence  of  all 
who  are  associated  with  him. 


FRANK   K.    BERRY. 

Frank  K.  Berry,  connected  with  the  advertising  department  of  the  Vancouver 
World,  is  a  native  son  of  this  city,  born  May  21,  1890,  his  parents  being  Harry  A. 
and  Alice  Helen  (Miller)  Berry,  the  latter  a  daughter  of  Jonathan  Miller.  The 
father  was  born  on  the  island  of  Jersey  in  the  year  1862  and  was  brought  to 
Canada  by  his  parents  when  he  was  nine  years  of  age.  He  lived  in  London, 
Ontario,  until  he  was  eighteen  and  then  moved  west,  making  the  journey  by  way 
of  San  Francisco  and  thence  northward  to  British  Columbia.  He  took  a  position 
with  the  Onderdonks,  contractors  on  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  and  remained 
in  that  connection  until  the  completion  of  the  road  to  Port  Moody.  He  after- 
ward removed  to  Vancouver,  where  he  embarked  in  business  on  his  own  account, 
making  his  home  in  this  city  until  his  death,  which  occurred  on  the  2Oth  of 
September,  1899. 

Frank  K.  Berry  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Van- 
couver and  later  attended  Columbia  College,  New  Westminster,  and  Whitworth 
College  at  Tacoma,  Washington.  After  laying  aside  his  books  he  secured  a  posi- 
tion in  the  advertising  department  of  the  Vancouver  World.  He  has  since  con- 
tinued in  this  connection  and  has  made  a  promising  record  up  to  the  present  time. 

On  the  I7th  of  June,  1912,  Mr.  Berry  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Eulalia 
Smith,  of  Marysville,  Washington,  a  daughter  of  ex-Senator  Smith,  of  that  city. 
Mr.  Berry  belongs  to  the  Church  of  England  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  the 
Royal  Arcanum  and  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose.  He  is  a  young  man  of  great 
energy  and  resource  and  his  ability  is  already  recognized  in  his  chosen  field,  in 
which  he  will  undoubtedly  make  continued  progress. 


JOSEPH  MICHAUD. 

The  late  Joseph  Michaud  was  one  of  the  well  known  residents  of  Murrayville, 
where  for  many  years  he  successfully  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  and  dairy- 
ing. He  was  of  French  extraction,  as  the  name  would  suggest,  and  a  native  of 
the  province  of  Quebec,  his  birth  having  there  occurred  in  1840.  His  parents 
were  Maxime  and  Marie  Louise  Michaud,  both  of  whom  have  long  been  deceased. 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1051 

Joseph  Michaud  received  better  advantages  than  fell  to  the  lot  of  the  average 
youth  who  was  reared  in  the  rural  sections  at  that  period,  and  in  the  acquirement 
of  an  education  attended  the  public  schools  of  his  native  province  until  he  was 
eighteen  years  of  age.  His  energies  were  then  directed  along  agricultural  lines, 
which  he  continued  to  follow  in  Quebec  until  1880,  when  he  removed  with  his 
family  to  British  Columbia.  Here  he  purchased  eight  hundred  acres  of  land  in 
the  vicinity  of  Murrayville,  where  he  resumed  his  agricultural  pursuits,  making 
a  specialty  of  dairying.  He  was  a  practical  man  of  enterprising  and  progressive 
methods,  and  his  dairy  was  provided  with  an  equipment  comprising  everything 
to  be  found  in  a  modern  establishment  of  this  kind.  As  the  years  passed  he  sold 
a  large  portion  of  his  land,  the  estate  now  containing  only  about  two  hundred  and 
forty-two  acres.  The  entire  holding  has  been  brought  into  a  high  state  of  produc- 
tivity and  annually  produces  abundant  harvests.  His  widow  and  family  still  reside 
on  the  homestead,  which  is  being  operated  by  his  sons,  who  are  skilled  agricul- 
turists and  capable  business  men. 

In  1880,  Mr.  Michaud  was  married  to  Miss  Georgina  Morrin,  and  to  them  were 
born  seven  children,  as  follows :  Zatique,  Florence,  Maxime,  Mary  L.,  Laura,  Lena 
and  Josephine. 

The  widow  and  children  are  communicants  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church  of 
which  the  father  was  a  consisfent  member,  and  his  political  support  he  accorded 
to  the  liberal  party.  Mr.  Michaud  was  held  in  high  respect  by  his  neighbors  and 
fellow  townsmen,  who  during  the  long  period  of  his  residence  had  found  him 
to  be  a  loyal  friend  and  an  honest  and  upright  man  of  business. 


GISBERT  NICOLAUS  WITT. 

Gisbert  Nicolaus  Witt,  a  representative  of  insurance,  real-estate  and  investment 
interests  in  Victoria,  devotes  his  principal  attention,  however,  to  the  conduct  of 
the  firm  of  Gisbert  N.  Witt  &  Company,  an  importing  concern  of  which  he  is  the 
sole  proprietor.  His  birth  occurred  in  Muklhausen,  Alsace,  Germany,  on  the  1/j.th 
of  August,  1882,  his  parents  being  Otto  and  Elisa  (Hutlinger)  Witt.  The  former 
is  well  known  in  England  as  well  as  in  the  fatherland  and  is  a  prominent  scientist 
who  has  won  recognition  by  reason  of  his  scientific  research. 

Gisbert  N.  Witt  obtained  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
province  and  in  1898  removed  to  Bremen,  Germany,  where  for  the  next  three  years 
he  was  apprenticed  to  Heinecken  &  Vogelsang,  cotton  importers.  Mr.  Heinecken 
is  now  president  of  the  North  German  Lloyd  Steamship  Company.  In  1901  Mr. 
Witt  left  that  concern  and  subsequently  spent  a  year  in  Belgium  in  the  employ  of 
Solvay  &  Company,  soda  manufacturers.  He  next  went  to  Ludwigshafen,  on  the 
Rhine,  and  for  the  following  seven  years  remained  in  the  service  of  the  Badische 
Aniline  &  Soda  Fabrik,  spending  the  first  year  at  their  main  works  in  Ludwigs- 
hafen, the  next  year  at  London,  England,  and  the  last  five  years  in  Japan.  In 
March,  1911,  he  came  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  and  here  followed  farming 
for  a  time.  In  1912  he  embarked  in  the  real-estate  business  and  has  since  remained 
in  that  field  of  activity,  also  devoting  some  time  to  insurance  and  to  his  interests 
as  a  manufacturers'  agent.  The  greater  part  of  his  attention,  however,  is  given  to 
importing,  in  which  connection  he  carries  on  business  under  the  name  of  Gisbert 
N.  Witt  &  Company,  of  which  concern  he  is  the  sole  proprietor.  He  is  princi- 
pally an  importer  of  German  beers.  In  his  various  undertakings  he  is  meeting 
with  a  gratifying  measure  of  success,  being  a  young  man  of  excellent  business 
ability,  sound  judgment  and  unfaltering  enterprise.  His  military  experience 
covers  one  year's  service  as  a  volunteer  in  the  German  army. 

On  the  loth  of  June,  1909,  in  Japan,  Mr.  Witt  was  joined  in  wedlock  to 
Miss  Maria  Rebecca  Blumhardt,  a  daughter  of  Rev.  Theodore  Blumhardt,  who 
is  a  well  known  clergyman  in  the  south  of  Germany.  Mr.  Witt  is  a  stanch 
conservative  in  politics  and  is  a  popular  member  of  the  German  Clubs  of  Vic- 


1052  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

toria  and  Vancouver.  In  connection  with  his  other  business  interests  he  acts 
as  vice  president  of  the  Ten  Acre  Farms  Shawnigan,  Limited,  which  company 
he  promoted.  He  has  a  very  extensive  acquaintance  among  the  German- American 
residents  of  Victoria  and  his  record  is  one  which  confers  credit  and  honor  upon  both 
the  land  of  his  birth  and  the  land  of  his  adoption. 


WALTER  ERWIN. 

Walter  Erwin,  who  came  to  Vancouver  when  the  community  was  yet  known 
as  Granville  and  who  was  from  very  early  times  connected  with  the  lighthouse 
service  at  Point  Atkinson,  remaining  in  this  connection  for  thirty  years,  is  now 
living  in  retirement,  having  laid  aside  the  cares  of  active  life  after  a  long,  useful 
and  honorable  career.  He  was  born  in  Peterboro,  Ontario,  August  13,  1853, 
and  is  a  son  of  George  Erwin,  who  for  many  years  followed  the  sea,  and  his  wife 
Rachel,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away. 

Walter  Erwin  acquired  a  limited  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city  and  at  an  early  age  laid  aside  his  books  in  order  to  gain  his  own  livelihood 
at  farm  labor.  On  the  3d  of  April,  1872,  he  left-Ontario  and  went  to  Chicago, 
Illinois,  whence  after  a  short  stay  he  removed  to  Omaha,  Nebraska,  where  he 
spent  a  few  months.  From  there  he  went  to  Denver,  Colorado,  and  after  half  a 
year  pushed  westward  to  San  Francisco,  where  he  took  passage  aboard  the  old 
steamship,  Prince  Albert,  to  Victoria.  He  arrived  in  the  latter  city  in  May, 
1873,  but  remained  only  a  short  time,  moving  to  Vancouver,  which  was  then 
known  as  Granville.  He  spent  the  next  ten  months  engaged  in  steamboating  in 
the  vicinity  and  then  returned  to  the  city,  where  he  has  since  remained  an  honored 
and  respected  resident.  He  worked  for  a  few  years  in  the  adjoining  woods  and 
then,  in  1880,  joined  the  lighthouse  service  at  Point  Atkinson,  retaining  this  con- 
nection for  thirty  years  thereafter,  and  being  found  always  prompt,  trustworthy, 
and  reliable  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties.  When  he  first  took  charge  there  were 
but  a  few  sailing  vessels  coming  and  going  from  the  port,  and  he  saw  the  ship- 
ping interests  of  Vancouver  develop  to  magnificent  proportions  during  his  years 
of  service.  He  watched,  in  fact,  the  entire  growth  of  the  city,  witnessing  its 
transformation  from  a  small  town  into  one  of  the  important  communities  on  the 
Pacific  coast.  On  the  occasion  of  his  retirement,  in  1910,  after  thirty  years  of 
valuable  and  faithful  service  as  lighthouse  keeper  at  Point  Atkinson,  he  was  pre- 
sented by  Mayor  Taylor  of  Vancouver,  representing  the  Dominion  government, 
with  a  silver  star,  embossed  and  mounted  with  a  replica  of  the  crown,  attached 
to  the  British  colors,  and  inscribed  "For  Faithful  Service,"  which  he  received 
with  a  letter,  from  which  the  following  quotations  are  taken: 

"The  Hon.  Mr.  Templeman,  minister  of  the  department  of  marine  and  fisher- 
ies for  the  Dominion  government,  has  requested  me  to  present  to  you  this  imperial 
service  medal,  awarded  in  recognition  of  your  long  and  faithful  service  as  light- 
house keeper  at  Point  Atkinson,  and  I  can  assure  you  that  I  feel  proud  of  the  fact 
that  I  have  been  entrusted  with  the  duty  of  representing  the  Dominion  govern- 
ment on  this  occasion.  You  have  seen  the  shipping  of  the  port  of  Vancouver 
develop  to  such  an  extent  during  the  thirty  years  you  served,  the  government  in 
the  capacity  of  lighthouse  keeper  that  we  now  have  vessels  from  almost  every 
part  of  the  world  calling  here  to  discharge  their  valuable  cargoes  and  to  take 
aboard  for  distribution  to  the  ports  of  various  countries  our  products  in  return; 
and  you  have  also  seen  the  great  wave  of  progress  that  has  swept  over  this  prov- 
ince, especially  over  the  peninsula  upon  which  Greater  Vancouver  is  situated, 
transforming  what  was  practically  a  tract  of  virgin  forest  land  into  a  thriving 
city,  with  its  environments  occupied  by  a  large  and  prosperous  community.  As 
lighthouse  keeper  you  have  performed  a  great  and  useful  service  in  safeguard- 
ing vessels  from  shipwreck  and  in  directing  them  into  the  magnificent  harbor  of 
Burrard  inlet,  where  no  matter  how  the  elements  may  rage  on  the  stormbeaten 


WALTER   ERWIN 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1055 

coast  of  British  Columbia  they  can  safely  ride  and  discharge  their  cargoes  im- 
mune from  tempest.  Strict  attention  to  duty  has  earned  you  the  esteem  of 
the  officials  of  your  department  and  merited  the  decoration  which  I  now  have 
so  much  pleasure  in  pinning  on  your  breast." 

Mr.  Erwin  married,  on  the  I3th  of  January,  1879,  Miss  Jane  Ternan,  a 
daughter  of  Gregory  and  Jane  Ternan,  both  of  whom  were  born  in  Ireland  and 
both  of  whom  have  passed  away.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Erwin  have  one  daughter,  Erne 
Jane,  who  is  now  Mrs.  J.  B.  Silverthorne,  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Erwin  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Methodist  church  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  Mount  Hermon 
Lodge,  No.  7,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  to  which  he  has  belonged  for  thirty-five  years, 
being  today  one  of  the  oldest  members.  He  is  also  affiliated  with  the  Orange 
Association,  in  which  he  has  held  membership  since  he  was  a  young  man.  Mr. 
Erwin  loves  the  sea,  upon  which  he  has  looked  out  from  his  lighthouse  for  so 
many  years,  and  he,  moreover,  understands  its  commercial  possibilities,  having 
studied  them  at  first  hand.  He  is  just  completing  a  fine  stone  residence  on  the 
corner  of  Second  avenue  and  Vine  street,  Ketsilano,  where  he  intends  to  spend 
his  remaining  days.  A  fine  view  of  the  bay  can  be  had  from  there  and  he  can 
look  out  from  his  home  toward  the  old  lighthouse,  where  he  spent  so  many  years. 
He  is  well  and  favorably  known  in  Vancouver  and  has  a  wide  circle  of  friends 
to  whom  his  sterling  qualities  of  mind  and  character  have  greatly  endeared  him. 


JAMES  ALFRED  MOTHERWELL. 

James  Alfred  Motherwell,  controlling  extensive  and  important  real-estate  and 
insurance  interests  in  New  Westminster  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Motherwell 
&  Company,  was  born  in  Portage  du  Fort,  Quebec  province,  June  19,  1880.  He  is 
a  son  of  Rev.  Thomas  and  Cordelia  J.  (Young)  Motherwell,  the  former  a  native 
of  Sligo,  Ireland,  and  the  latter  of  Montreal.  Their  marriage  occurred  in  the 
latter  city,  whither  the  father  had  come  when  he  was  a  child  of  five.  He  was 
educated  for  the  ministry  at  Lennoxville  College,  graduating  from  that  institution 
with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  He  was  subsequently  ordained  to  the  Anglican  ministry 
and  for  forty  years  or  more  thereafter  filled  pulpits  in  various  towns  in  the 
province  of  Ontario,  where  he  is  still  active,  having  charge  of  a  parish  in 
Stamford. 

James  A.  Motherwell  was  reared  in  Ontario  and  acquired  his  education  in  the 
public  schools  and  in  the  high  school  at  Dunnville,  from  which  he  was  graduated 
at  the  age  of  seventeen.  Immediately  afterward  he  entered  the  Bank  of  Commerce 
in  Strathroy  and  he  was  identified  with  this  institution  for  eleven  years,  rising 
through  successive  stages  of  progress  and  advancement  from  the  position  of  junior 
clerk  to  that  of  accountant  in  the  Westminster  branch.  He  was  transferred  to 
New  Westminster  in  1907  and  two  years  later  resigned  from  the  Bank  of  Com- 
merce in  order  to  accept  the  position  of  note  teller  in  the  Lumbermens  National 
Bank  of  Portland,  Oregon.  He  retained  that  connection  for  about  eight  months 
and  in  1910  returned  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  joined  Mr.  Darling  in  the 
formation  of  the  firm  of  Motherwell  &  Darling,  now  known  as  Motherwell  &  Com- 
pany, real-estate  and  insurance  brokers.  They  control  a  large  patronage  and  handle 
a  great  deal  of  important  business,  both  partners  being  resourceful,  capable  and 
f arsighted  business  men.  Mr.  Motherwell  has  been  a  helpful  factor  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  concern  and  is  well  known  in  business  circles,  where  his  energy,  useful- 
ness and  ability  are  recognized  and  respected. 

On  the  3d  of  October,  1912,  Mr.  Motherwell  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Inez  Shearer,  of  Detroit,  Michigan,  and  both  are  well  known  in  social  circles  of 
New  Westminster.  They  hold  membership  in  the  Anglican  church  and  Mr.  Mother- 
well  is  connected  with  the  British  Columbia  Golf  and  Country  Clubs,  spending  a 
great  many  of  his  leisure  hours  at  golf,  tennis  and  boating.  He  belongs  to  the 
Westminster  Club  and  is  connected  fraternally  with  Lewis  Lodge,  No.  57,  A.  F. 


1056  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

&  A.  M.  He  belongs  to  the  Westminster  Board  of  Trade  and  the  Westminster 
Progressive  Association  and  is  interested  in  the  growth  and  development  of 
the  city,  cooperating  heartily  in  all  measures  and  projects  looking  toward  munici- 
pal expansion.  Although  still  a  young  man,  he  has  already  become  well  estab- 
lished in  business  circles  here  and  his  future  will  undoubtedly  be  marked  by 
continued  progress  and  important  accomplishments. 


CHARLES  ANDREWS  MOORHEAD. 

Among  the  reliable  and  well  managed  business  concerns  of  Victoria  is  that 
of  Carmichael  &  Moorhead,  Ltd.,  and  among  the  important  factors  in  the 
promotion  of  the  substantial  growth  of  the  business  it  controls  is  numbered  Charles 
Andrews  Moorhead,  who  has  been  a  director  since  1907.  He  was  born  in 
Sydenham,  Ireland,  December  7,  1877,  and  is  a  son  of  Robert  and  Isabel  D. 
(Moore)  Moorhead,  representatives  of  well  known  Irish  families,  the  father 
being  an  extensive  landowner  in  Donegal. 

Charles  Andrews  Moorhead  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Ireland  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  entered  the  Belfast  Bank  in  Belfast, 
remaining  connected  with  that  institution  for  seven  years  thereafter.  At  the 
end  of  that  time  he  went  to  Africa,  where  he  took  part  in  the  Zulu  rebellion, 
serving  with  the  Natal  Mounted  Rifles  and  becoming  afterward  signalling  officer 
of  the  Scottish  Horse.  After  coming  to  Victoria  he  became  connected  with  the 
Eighty-eighth  Victoria  Fusileers,  of  which  he  is  now  serving  as  captain.  Mr. 
Moorhead  arrived  in  this  city  in  1907  and  in  the  same  year  formed  a  partner- 
ship with  Alfred  Carmichael  under  the  firm  name  of  Carmichael  &  Moorhead, 
financial  agents.  In  1909  the  business  was  made  a  limited  concern  and  before 
and  since  that  time  it  has  grown  rapidly,  so  that  the  partners  control  today  one 
of  the  leading  enterprises  of  this  kind  in  the  city.  The  company  acts  as  general 
financial  agent  and  represents  the  Alberni  Land  Company,  Ltd.,  of  London,  Eng- 
land, and  other  equally  important  concerns.  Mr.  Moorhead's  energy  and  enter- 
prise have  been  important  factors  in  the  success  of  the  business,  of  which  he  is 
now  a  director,  a  position  which  calls  for  discrimination,  tact  and  executive  ability 
and  the  duties  of  which  he  is  eminently  well  qualified  to  fill. 

On  the  loth  of  September,  1908,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Moorhead  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Jeannie  Coulter  Jackson,  a  daughter  of  Andrew  and  Emily 
(Coulter)  Jackson  and  a  niece  of  Sir  Thomas  Jackson,  baronet,  now  general  man- 
ager of  the  Hongkong  Shanghai  Bank  of  London.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Moorhead 
have  become  the  parents  of  two  children,  Harold  Parker  Jackson  and  Joan  Isabel. 
Mr.  Moorhead  is  a  member  of  the  Anglican  church  and  gives  his  political  alle- 
giance to  the  conservative  party.  He  belongs  to  the  Junior  Army  and  Navy 
Club  of  London,  England,  and  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria,  and  he  is  well  known 
in  social  circles  of  his  city.  Business  men  respect  him  for  his  ability,  his  integrity 
and  his  straightforward  methods  of  dealing  and  count  him  a  valued  force  in  the 
promotion  of  general  business  development. 


ALBERT  JAMES  BRUBAKER. 

Albert  James  Brubaker  needs  no  introduction  to  the  citizens  of  Victoria  for  as 
a  partner  in  the  firm  of  Brubaker  &  Meharey  he  is  prominently  connected  with 
real-estate  and  insurance  interests  of  the  city.  During  his  residence  here  he  has 
been  active  in  cooperating  in  many  movements  for  the  public  good  and  his  business 
affairs  and  outside  interests  have  been  of  such  a  character  that  they  have  contrib- 
uted to  the  general  development  and  improvement.  He  was  born  in  Ashland,  Ohio, 
July  17,  1878,  and  is  a  son  of  George  and  Sarah  Brubaker,  representatives  of  a 
pioneer  family  of  Ohio  and  the  former  a  well  known  farmer  near  Ashland. 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1057 

Albert  J.  Brubaker  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  went  to  California,  where  he  was  employed 
for  several  years  in  various  capacities.  The  next  six  years  were  spent  in  mining 
and  prospecting  in  Washington  and  Idaho  and  later  in  British  Columbia.  In 
January,  1909,  he  moved  to  Victoria  and  here  entered  into  partnership  with  A.  A. 
Meharey.  They  established  themselves  in  the  real-estate,  insurance  and  invest- 
ment brokerage  business  under  the  firm  name  of  Brubaker  &  Meharey  and  Mr. 
Brubaker's  energy  and  resourcefulness  have  been  important  elements  in  securing 
the  large  and  representative  patronage  which  the  firm  controls.  He  is  a  wide- 
awake, energetic  and  progressive  business  man  and  carries  forward  to  success- 
ful completion  whatever  he  undertakes  and  he  has  made  the  firm  with  which  he 
is  connected  well  known  throughout  his  section  of  the  province. 

Mr.  Brubaker  is  a  member  of  the  Disciples  church  and  is  connected  frater- 
nally with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  He  votes  always  for  men  and 
measures  without  regard  to  party  lines  and  his  influence  is  always  on  the  side  of 
right,  reform  and  progress.  Eminently  public-spirited  in  matters  of  citizenship, 
he  is  one  of  the  leaders  in  the  work  of  the  Victoria  Progressive  Club  and  his 
cooperation  can  always  be  relied  upon  to  further  movements  for  the  promotion  of 
the  interests  of  the  community.  He  was  chairman  of  the  publicity  committee  of  the 
association  which  promoted  the  carnival  held  in  Victoria  from  August  4th  to 
9th,  1913,  and  his  untiring  work  during  the  whole  of  the  previous  year  was  largely 
responsible  for  the  remarkable  success  of  the  event.  Himself  an  enthusiast  on  the 
subject  of  baseball,  Mr.  Brubaker  established  a  Boosters  Club  for  the  purpose  of 
promoting  professional  baseball  in  Victoria  and  he  succeeded  in  arousing  the  inter- 
est of  the  people  of  the  city  to  a  great  extent.  He  is  popular  in  both  business  and 
social  circles  and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  representative  and  leading  men  of  his 
adopted  city. 


EDGAR  JOSEPH  BRIGHT. 

Edgar  Joseph  Bright,  who  embarked  in  the  real-estate  business  at  Victoria 
in  1907,  in  partnership  with  three  associates,  still  conducts  his  interests  under  the 
name  of  Capital  City  Realty,  although  he  is  now  alone.  His  birth  occurred  in 
Wellington  county,  Ontario,  on  the  22d  of  June,  1880,  his  parents  being  Richard 
and  Sarah  Jane  Bright,  the  latter  now  deceased.  Richard  Bright  came  originally 
from  Ireland  and  is  one  of  the  old  Ontario  pioneers.  Throughout  his  active 
ousiness  career  he  has  followed  general  agricultural  pursuits. 

Edgar  J.  Bright  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Ontario  and 
Manitoba.  His  parents  were  desirous  that  he  should  have  a  college  education,  but 
the  spirit  of  adventure  was  strong  within  him  and  he  left  home  at  an  early  age. 
In  1902  he  took  up  his  abode  in  Redvers,  Saskatchewan,  and  embarked  in  the 
grocery  and  flour  and  feed  business,  being  thus  engaged  until  1907,  when  he 
came  to  Victoria,  British  Columbia.  Here  he  embarked  in  the  real-estate  business 
in  association  with  J.  O.  Dunford,  T.  A.  McQueen  and  E.  Blakeway,  the  enter- 
prise being  conducted  under  the  name  of  Capital  City  Realty.  This  relation  was 
maintained  until  1909,  when  Mr.  McQueen  and  Mr.  Bright  bought  out  the  other 
two  partners,  conducting  their  interests  together  until  the  spring  of  1912.  Our 
subject  then  bought  the  interest  of  Mr.  McQueen  and  has  remained  in  business 
alone  to  the  present  time,  retaining  the  old  firm  style.  He  also  maintains  a 
branch  office  at  Port  Angeles,  Washington,  and  through  the  able  management  of 
his  affairs  has  won  a  gratifying  and  well  merited  measure  of  prosperity. 

On  the  22d  of  December,  1902,  at  Austin,  Manitoba,  Mr.  Bright  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Ethel  Stinson,  a  daughter  of  W.  J.  and  Emily  Stinson,  of 
Sydney,  Australia.  Her  father,  who  served  in  the  Fenian  raid,  has  been  a  dealer 
in  general  merchandise  in  Canada,  Australia,  etc.,  and  has  traveled  around  the 
world  three  times.  He  has  seen  much  military  service,  being  a  soldier  in  Aus- 


1058  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

tralia  and  also  participating  in  the  Red  River  rebellion.     His  name  is  on  the 
roster  of  numerous  societies  and  he  is  well  known  from  Quebec  to  Victoria, 

In  politics  Mr.  Bright  is  a  stanch  conservative.  He  belongs  to  the  Commercial 
Club  and  was  formerly  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade  at  Redvers,  Saskatche- 
wan. Fraternally  he  is  identified  with  the  following  organizations:  Carlisle 
Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Saskatchewan ;  Victoria  Lodge,  No.  4,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  of 
Victoria;  Victoria  Lodge,  No.  2,  B.  P.  O.  E.,  of  Victoria;  and  Lodge  No.  1661 
of  the  Loyal  Orange  Lodge,  of  Manitoba.  His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the 
Methodist  church.  There  have  been  no  spectacular  phases  in  his  life  record  but 
only  that  persistent  energy  and  ready  adaptability  which,  coupled  with  unassailable 
business  integrity,  always  spell  success. 


DAVID  CLIFTON. 

Among  the  valued  and  representative  citizens  of  Mission  City  is  numbered 
David  Clifton,  who  in  the  conduct  of  his  interests  has  met  with  that  success 
which  is  the  natural  result  of  ability,  industry  and  excellent  management. 

Mr.  Clifton  was  born  in  London,  England,  on  the  2ist  of  November,  1848, 
and  is  a  son  of  Fred  and  Eliza  (Turner)  Clifton,  both  of  whom  have  passed 
away.  He  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city  and  when 
he  was  sixteen  years  of  age  laid  aside  his  books  and  began  his  independent 
career,  working  in  London  until  1869.  In  that  year  he  came  to  Canada  and 
immediately  after  his  arrival  entered  the  employ  of  the  Great  Western  Railroad 
Company,  remaining  until  1877.  He  then  went  to  Port  Arthur,  Ontario,  and 
was  connected  with  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  at  that  point  for  two  months, 
after  which  he  moved  to  Winnepeg,  Manitoba,  and  engaged  in  railroad  con- 
tracting work  until  1882.  In  the  interests  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  he  journeyed 
through  the  United  States  and  west  to  the  coast,  where  he  became  an  employe 
of  Mr.  A.  Onderdonk,  a  railroad  contractor,  winning  a  high  place  among  his 
trusted  representatives.  Until  1896  he  continued  to  engage  in  this  occupation 
and  in  that  year  made  an  entire  change  in  his  active  interests.  He  came  to  British 
Columbia,  and  took  up  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  land  at  Mission  City, 
turning  his  attention  to  farming.  He  engaged  in  general  agricultural  pursuits 
for  some  time,  but  afterward  sold  all  but  five  acres  of  his  property  to  the  town 
site  company  and  this  he  still  retains,  operating  it  as  a  fruit  ranch.  His  well 
directed  and  practical  efforts  have  met  with  their  natural  result  and  he  now  lives 
retired  in  the  enjoyment  of  a  comfortable  competence. 

Mr.  Clifton  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party  and  is  inter- 
ested in  public  affairs  although  he  is  not  an  active  politician.  During  the  seven- 
teen years  he  has  lived  in  this  vicinity  he  has  become  recognized  as  a  man  of  high 
principles  and  stalwart  character,  and  he  has  commanded  and  held  the  respect 
and  esteem  of  all  who  have  come  in  contact  with  him. 


THOMAS  RUSSELL  MORGAN. 

Among  the  strong  and  reliable  real-estate  firms  in  Victoria  is  numbered  that 
of  William  Allen  &  Son  and  among  the  men  whose  energy,  ability  and  resource- 
fulness have  been  factors  in  its  advancement  is  Thomas  Russell  Morgan,  who 
since  1910  has  been  connected  with  it.  He  was  born  in  Palmerston,  Ontario, 
August  31,  1881,  and  is  a  son  of  Robert  H.  and  Margaret  (Allen)  Morgan, 
natives  of  that  city,  where  the  father  is  engaged  in  the  carriage-building  business. 
The  paternal  grandfather  was  born  in  County  Sligo,  Ireland,  and  founded  the 
family  in  Canada,  locating  first  in  Montreal  and  later  in  Palmerston,  where  he 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  up  to  the  time  of  his  death.  On  the  maternal 
side  also  Thomas  R.  Morgan  is  of  Irish  extraction,  his  maternal  grandparents 
having  been  born  in  County  Sligo.  After  their  emigration  to  Canada  they  located 
at  Mount  Forest,  Ontario,  where  the  grandfather  engaged  in  farming. 


DAVID  CLIFTON 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1061 

Thomas  R.  Morgan  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city  and  after  laying  aside  his  books  entered  a  dry-goods  store  in  Palmerston, 
where  he  remained  as  a  clerk  for  five  years.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  went 
to  Chatham,  where  he  spent  three  years  learning  the  carriage-building  trade,  after 
which,  in  1903,  he  went  to  Detroit,  Michigan,  and  followed  this  line  of  work  in  con- 
nection with  different  automobile  manufacturing  concerns  for  two  years.  In 
1905  he  returned  to  Chatham  and  there  engaged  in  carriage  building  independently 
until  1910,  when  he  moved  to  Victoria,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  became  a 
partner  in  the  firm  of  William  Allen  &  Son,  real-estate  agents,  and  this  connection 
he  still  retains.  The  firm  was  established  in  1901  and  carries  on  a  general  real- 
estate  and  insurance  business,  also  lending  money  as  principal  or  agent.  It 
controls  one  of  the  large  and  prominent  real-estate  concerns  in  Victoria  and  as 
its  directing  manager  Mr.  Morgan  has  been  largely  responsible  for  its  later  devel- 
opment. He  is  known  as  a  keen,  far-sighted  and  resourceful  business  man  and 
his  individual  success  has  been  an  important  factor  in  the  general  business  growth 
of  the  city. 

On  the  3Oth  of  August,  1904,  in  Chatham,  Ontario,  Mr.  Morgan  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Grace  Ethel  Jones,  a  daughter  of  Edwin  E.  and  Emily 
(Dunkley)  Jones,  of  Welsh  and  English  parentage  respectively.  The  father  was 
for  many  years  city  engineer  of  Chatham,  Ontario,  and  he  is  now  in  the  govern- 
ment service  on  Vancouver  island,  residing  in  Victoria,  where  he  located  in  1910. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Morgan  have  become  the  parents  of  two  children :  Nora,  born 
October  15,  1906;  and  Edwin  Thomas,  born  April  26,  1909. 

Mr.  Morgan  is  fond  of  fishing  and  hunting  and  is  an  enthusiastic  automobilist, 
spending  a  great  deal  of  time  on  the  beautiful  roads  in  and  around  Victoria.  Fra- 
ternally he  is  connected  with  the  Knights  of  the  Maccabees  and  the  Independent 
Order  of  Foresters  and  belongs  to  Parthenon  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  of  Chatham, 
Ontario.  His  political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party  and  his 
religious  views  are  in  accord  with  the  doctrines  of  the  Anglican  church.  No 
movement  for  the  promotion  of  municipal  advancement  along  any  line  lacks  his 
cooperation  and  hearty  support,  for  his  citizenship  is  of  that  active  and  progressive 
kind  which  finds  its  best  exemplification  in  work  in  the  public  service.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Progressive  Club  of  Victoria  and  also  belongs  to  the  'Automobile 
Association.  Although  he  has  been  a  resident  of  the  city  only  three  years  he 
has  already  become  well  established  in  business  circles,  where  his  ability  and 
energy  are  recognized  and  respected.  His  future  lies  before  him  for  he  is  still  a 
young  man  and  it  will  undoubtedly  be  characterized  by  continuous  advancement 
along  business  lines. 


WILLIAM  MASHITER. 

William  Mashiter,  pioneer  in  British  Columbia,  now  living  in  retirement  in 
Newport  after  more  than  thirty  years'  prominent  and  successful  identification 
with  business  interests  in  this  part  of  the  province,  was  born  in  Cheshire,  England, 
on  the  ist  of  June,  1850,  and  is  a  son  of  Rev.  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth  Mashiter, 
the  former  a  minister  of  the  Church  of  England  and  for  many  years  incumbent  of 
the  Woodford  and  Handforth  churches.  Both  parents  have  passed  away. 

William  Mashiter  obtained  his  education  at  home  under  his  father's  tuition 
and  after  the  latter's  death  made  his  home  with  a  distant  relative  for  whom  he 
began  working  at  farm  labor  when  he  was  sixteen  years  of  age.  At  nineteen  he 
went  to  California  and  there  also  worked  on  a  farm,  remaining  in 'that  state  for 
three  years  and  a  half.  In  1874,  however,  he  traveled  up  the  coast  to  Victoria, 
British  Columbia,  and  after  remaining  there  a  short  time  went  to  Laketon,  where 
he  hunted  and  fished  for  eight  years  and  a  half,  supplying  the  miners  of  that  dis- 
trict with  food.  From  Laketon  he  then  made  his  way  to  the  Skeena  river  and  for 
a  time  worked  in  the  canneries,  eventually  removing  to  Granville,  which  is  now 
the  large  and  growing  city  of  Vancouver.  Mr.  Mashiter  operated  a  logging  camp 
on  the  Fraser  river  for  a  year  and  a  half  thereafter,  but  eventually  went  into 


1062  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

business  in  Vancouver,  conducting  a  profitable  and  important  mercantile  estab- 
lishment there  until  his  store  was  destroyed  by  fire  in  1886.  He  continued  his 
business  for  a  short  time  after  this  disaster,  but  in  1887  disposed  of  all  of  his 
interests  in  Vancouver  and  went  to  Newport,  being  one  of  the  pioneer  business  men 
in  that  community.  He  opened  here  the  first  general  store  in  the  district  and 
for  many  years  thereafter  continued  to  conduct  this  enterprise,  a  large  and  im- 
portant patronage  being  accorded  to  him  in  recognition  of  his  thorough  knowledge 
of  his  business,  his  straightforward  and  honorable  business  methods  and  his 
earnest  desire  to  please  his  customers.  Mr.  Mashiter  eventually  disposed  of  his 
mercantile  enterprise  and  retired  from  active  life,  feeling  that  he  had  earned 
rest  and  leisure  by  many  years  of  untiring  and  well  directed  labor. 

On  the  2ist  of  May,  1894,  Mr.  Mashiter  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Elizabeth  Atkinson  of  Cumberland,  England.  He  is  a  devout  member  of  the 
Church  of  England  and  belongs  to  the  Royal  Templars,  being  well  known  in  the 
affairs  of  that  organization.  In  politics  he  is  independent,  voting  for  men  and 
measures  rather  than  for  parties,  but  taking  an  active  interest  in  everything  per- 
taining to  community  growth,  welfare  and  advancement.  He  has  served  in  a 
creditable  and  able  manner  as  justice  of  the  peace  in  Newport,  and  was  post- 
master of  the  city  from  1891  to  1903,  discharging  his  duties  in  a  manner  which 
reflected  credit  alike  upon  his  business  ability  and  his  public  spirit.  Mr.  Mashiter 
is  numbered  among  the  pioneers  in  his  part  of  British  Columbia,  and  has  been  a 
great  individual  force  in  its  upbuilding  and  development,  cooperating  heartily  in 
all  movements  to  advance  the  permanent  interests  of  the  community.  A  great 
many  of  the  leisure  hours,  which  he  has  so  worthily  earned,  are  spent  in  hunting 
and  fishing,  sports  in  which  he  takes  great  delight  and  in  which  he  is  unusually 
proficient.  The  years  since  his  arrival  in  British  Columbia  have  brought  him 
prominence  and  substantial  fortune  and  that  true  success  which  lies  in  the  respect, 
confidence  and  esteem  of  many  friends. 


FREDERICK    ARMAND    McDIARMID. 

Frederick  Armand  McDiarmid,  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Victoria, 
specializing  in  the  field  of  municipal  and  corporation  law,  was  first  called  to  the 
bar  of  Ontario  in  1894.  Since  1910  he  has  lived  in  the  city  which  is  now  his  home 
and  was  city  solicitor  for  two  years.  He  was  born  at  Chatsworth,  Ontario, 
November  10,  1872,  a  son  of  Neil  and  Emily  (DeCew)  McDiarmid.  The  father, 
now  deceased,  was  a  Methodist  clergyman  of  Ontario  for  forty  years  and  his 
influence  was  a  potent  force  in  the  development  and  upbuilding  of  his  denomina- 
tion. For  one  session  he  was  president  of  the  Bay  of  Quinte  conference.  His 
wife  was  descended  from  an  old  United  Empire  Loyalist  family. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  province  Frederick  Armand  McDiarmid 
pursued  his  early  education  and  afterward  entered  Osgoode  Hall  at  Toronto,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in  1894.  He  was  articled  with  Snellie  &  Ryckman 
of  Toronto  and  after  thorough  preliminary  reading  and  study  was  called  to  the 
bar  of  Ontario  in  1894.  He  located  for  practice  at  Fenelon  Falls,  Ontario,  and 
there  remained  for  more  than  ten  years,  enjoying  a  lucrative  practice  which  de- 
veloped his  powers  and  called  forth  his  latent  energies.  In  1905  he  removed 
to  Lindsay,  Ontario,  where  he  practiced  law  until  1910,  when  he  came  to  Victoria 
and  practiced  as  city  solicitor,  holding  that  office  from  1910  until  1912.  He 
now  specializes  in  municipal  and  corporation  law  and  is  thoroughly  well  informed 
concerning  those  branches  of  the  profession.  He  has  won  notable  success  in 
gaining  verdicts  favorable  to  his  clients  and  he  always  carefully  prepares  his 
cases,  being  most  thorough  and  painstaking  in  all  of  his  professional  work. 

On  the  I9th  of  June,  1895,  in  Toronto,  Mr.  McDiarmid  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Edith  Kidd,  a  daughter  of  F.  H.  Kidd.  Their  children  are :  Neil, 
who  is  now  attending  McGill  University;  Harry  and  Dorothy,  at  home.  The 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1063 

political  belief  of  Mr.  McDiarmid  is  that  of  the  liberal  party  and  his  religious 
faith  is  that  of  the  Methodist  church,  to  the  teachings  of  which  he  is  consistently 
loyal.  He  belongs  also  to  the  Masonic  fraternity  and  to  the  Loyal  Order  of 
Orangemen,  and  he  is  likewise  a  member  of  the  Union  and  of  the  Pacific  Clubs. 
The  interests  and  activities  of  his  life  are  evenly  balanced  and  well  maintained 
and  Victoria  judges  him  a  citizen  of  worth. 


ARTHUR  GEORGE  DALZELL. 

Arthur  George  Dalzell,  senior  assistant  city  engineer  of  Vancouver,  has  held 
that  position  for  the  past  five  years  and  has  proven  an  efficient  incumbent,  dis- 
charging his  duties  in  a  highly  satisfactory  and  commendable  manner.  His  birth 
occurred  at  Ootacamund,  Mysore  province,  India,  on  the  24th  of  April,  1869, 
his  parents  being  the  Rev.  S.  and  Susan  Dalzell,  the  former  a  Methodist  minister. 
Our  subject  acquired  his  education  in  Kingswood  College  of  Bath,  England,  and 
subsequently  took  up  the  profession  of  civil  engineering  and  also  became  a  mill 
architect.  For  a  period  of  fourteen  years  he  was  engaged  in  private  practice  at 
Halifax,  England,  and  won  both  an  enviable  reputation  and  merited  success  as  a 
representative  of  his  chosen  profession.  Since  March,  1908,  he  has  held  the 
position  of  senior  assistant  city  engineer  in  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  with 
charge  of  sewers  and  main  drainage.  He  prepared  the  preliminary  data  for  the 
Burrard  Peninsula  joint  sewerage  scheme,  and  his  record  as  a  public  official  has 
been  creditable  and  commendable  in  every  respect.  Mr.  Dalzell  is  an  associate 
member  of  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers  and  a  member  of  the  Royal 
Sanitary  Institute  of  Great  Britain.  In  1913  a  British  Columbia  Branch  of  this 
organization  was  established  and  Mr.  Dalzell  is  a  member  of  the  local  council. 


FRANK  ROBERT  CARLOW. 

Frank  Robert  Carlow  is  well  known  in  business  circles  of  Victoria  as  manager 
of  the  real-estate  department  of  the  firm  of  William  Dunford  &  Son,  real-estate 
and  financial  agents,  who  have  offices  in  the  Union  Bank  building.  His  birth 
occurred  in  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  on  the  5th  of  March,  1880,  his  parents 
being  Horatio  Nelson  and  Mary  (McGlynn)  Carlow,  natives  of  New  Brunswick, 
in  which  province  the  father  engaged  in  contracting  and  mining  to  some  extent. 
In  1875  ne  came  to  Victoria,  where  he  followed  the  building  business  and  also 
mined  in  the  Cariboo  district.  His  demise  occurred  in  1900,  when  he  had 
attained  the  age  of  seventy-four  years.  Unto  him  and  his  wife  were  born  twelve 
children,  Frank  R.  being  the  youngest  in  the  family.  The  paternal  grandfather 
of  our  subject,  a  native  of  Germany,  emigrated  to  New  Brunswick,  Canada,  and 
served  as  a  surgeon  throughout  the  War  of  1812  in  the  Loyalist  cause.  He  lived 
to  a  ripe  old  age,  being  in  his  ninety-fifth  year  when  called  to  his  final  rest.  His 
wife,  a  native  of  England,  had  passed  away  two  years  before,  at  the  age  of  ninety- 
three.  The  maternal  grandparents,  who  were  born  in  Ireland,  came  to  Canada 
in  early  life. 

Frank  R.  Carlow  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city  and  after  putting  aside  his  text-books  learned  the  trade  of  color  mixer  with 
the  Canadian  Paint  Company  of  Victoria  in  the  employ  of  which  concern  he 
remained  for  two  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  embarked  in  the 
fruit  and  confectionery  business  in  Victoria  but  subsequently  sold  out  and  for 
several  years  or  until  1903  was  employed  as  a  traveling  salesman  by  various 
concerns.  During  the  following  two  years  he  was  engaged  in  the  cleaning  and 
dyeing  business  and  from  1905  until  1909  acted  as  organizer  for  various  fraternal 
organizations  throughout  Canada.  In  the  latter  year  he  formed  a  partnership 


1064  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

with  Charles  O.  Vincent  under  the  name  of  the  Western  Realty  Company,  which 
firm  was  dissolved  at  the  end  of  a  year.  Mr.  Carlow  then  became  manager  of  the 
real-estate  department  of  William  Dunford  &  Son,  contractors,  builders  and  real- 
estate  agents  of  Victoria,  with  which  firm  he  has  been  associated  to  the  present 
time.  Under  his.  able  and  judicious  management  the  real-estate  branch  of  the 
business  has  been  developed  to  a  great  extent.  He  is  likewise  much  interested 
in  the  raising  of  poultry  of  the  better  breeds  and  also  devotes  considerable  atten- 
tion to  horticulture. 

On  the  3Oth  of  June,  1900,  at  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  Mr.  Carlow  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Eleanor  Alice  Barker,  a  daughter  of  Stephen  Barker, 
of  Olympia,  Washington,  and  a  young  lady  of  English  descent.  Unto  them  have 
been  born  six  children,  namely :  Myria  Eleanor ;  Leila  Adrienne ;  John  Donald ; 
Alice  Frances  and  Frank  Robert,  both  deceased ;  and  Robert  Jason.  The  family 
residence  is  at  No.  2624  Fernwood  Road. 

In  politics  Mr.  Carlow  is  a  conservative  but  not  an  active  party  worker. 
Fraternally  he  is  identified  with  the  Foresters  and  the  Modern  Woodmen  of 
America,  acting  as  provincial  clerk  of  the  latter.  His  religious  faith  is  indicated 
by  his  membership  in  the  Baptist  church.  He  is  particularly  fond  of  baseball 
and  took  an  active  part  in  the  game  until  a  few  months  ago,  when  he  met  with 
an  accident.  Mr.  Carlow  has  resided  in  Victoria  from  his  birth  to  the  present 
time  and  enjoys  an  extensive  and  favorable  acquaintance  here,  having  gained 
a  wide  reputation  as  a  young  man  of  excellent  business  ability  and  enterprise. 


JULIUS  MARTIN  FROMME. 

Pioneer  and  empire  builder  may  well  be  written  over  the  life  record  of  Julius 
Martin  Fromme,  the  first  settler  and  founder  of  Lynn  Valley,  British  Columbia. 
Ever  since  the  inception  of  the  town  he  has  participated  in  its  upbuilding  and  in 
various  lines  has  given  evidence  of  his  public  spirit,  his  enterprise  and  his  ability. 
More  credit  is  due  to  him,  as  he  has  attained  to  a  substantial  position  through  his 
own  efforts  and  without  particular  advantages  of  birth  or  outside  help.  A  sturdy 
son  of  Nova  Scotia,  he  was  born  in  Cumberland  county,  November  26,  1857,  his 
parents  being  Julius  Henry  and  Louise  Fromme.  The  father  was  of  German 
extraction  and  settled  in  eastern  Canada  in  pioneer  days,  there  engaging  in  farm- 
ing. In  that  part  of  the  Dominion  both  parents  passed  away. 

Julius  M.  Fromme  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Nova  Scotia  and  as 
his  parents  were  in  straitened  circumstances  was  compelled  to  abandon  his  les- 
sons at  the  age  of  twelve  in  order  to  assist  his  father  in  clearing  and  cultivating 
the  home  farm,  in  which  work  he  continued  until  he  reached  his  majority.  At 
the  age  of  twenty-one  he  crossed  the  border,  going  to  Pennsylvania,  and  for  three 
years  engaged  at  work  of  various  kinds  in  different  states.  On  June  6,  1883, 
he  came  to  Port  Moody,  British  Columbia,  where  he  made  ties  for  the  Canadian 
Pacific  Railroad.  For  ten  years  he  acted  as  foreman  for  the  Hastings  Mill  Com- 
pany and,  his  experience  giving  him  confidence,  he  then  formed  the  Lynn  Valley 
Lumber  Company,  Limited,  of  which  he  is  still  the  principal  stockholder  and 
president.  From  the  beginning  this  company  has  flourished,  its  trade  connections 
ever  extending  under  the  efficient  guidance  of  Mr.  Fromme. 

About  eleven  years  ago  Mr.  Fromme  preempted  a  homestead  in  the  Lynn 
Valley,  a  property  which  has  since  become  very  valuable  and  is  now  platted  in 
town  lots.  Lynn  Valley  is  about  three  miles  east  of  North  Vancouver  and  when 
Mr.  Fromme  settled  there,  there  was  no  evidence  of  what  the  future  held  in 
store  for  the  place.  However,  he  had  confidence  in  the  locality  and  results  have 
proven  that  his  judgment  was  correct.  When  he  settled  here  provisions  had  still 
to  be  carted  to  the  place  under  great  difficulties,  and  the  place  has  become  the 
wonder  of  the  district,  now  enjoying  all  modern  improvements,  such  as  electric 
lights,  street  car  service,  telephones  and  handsome  churches,  much  of  which  has 


JULIUS  M.  FROMME 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1067 

come  about  through  the  incessant  efforts  of  our  subject.  Mr.  Fromme  has 
been  president  of  his  lumber  company  for  six  years  and  has  been  on  the  North 
Shore  for  about  sixteen. 

Mr.  Fromme  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Martha  Cook  and  to  them  have 
been  born  four  children:  Margaret  Louise,  Harold  Cook,  Vere  Elizabeth  and 
Julia  Henrietta.  The  two  eldest  are  attending  school  in  Lynn  Valley. 

Mr.  Fromme  is  strong  in  the  expression  of  his  religious  views,  being  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Presbyterian  church,  in  which  he  is  prominent  as  member  of  the  board 
of  managers,  as  a  director  and  as  treasurer.  He  does  not  belong  to  any  society, 
finding  true  happiness  at  his  own  fireside,  and  when  not  engaged  in  business 
spends  his  time  with  his  wife  and  children.  Charitable,  public-spirited  and 
progressive,  he  participates  in  all  lines  of  interest  that  touch  his  life  and  is  ever 
ready  to  give  his  share  of  time  and  money  in  the  promotion  of  worthy  public 
enterprises.  He  is  fond  of  outdoor  sports  and  although  past  the  age  for  taking 
an  active  part  in  many  that  demand  the  agility  of  youth,  can  still  enjoy  all  that 
thrills  in  a  good  game  of  lacrosse.  He  is  highly  respected  and  esteemed  in  his 
community,  where  his  counsel  is  often  sought  by  men  in  all  positions,  who  recog- 
nize his  wisdom  and  sagacity  and  esteem  him  as  a  pioneer  and  a  man  who  as 
willingly  devotes  himself  to  the  general  cause  as  to  the  accumulation  of  individual 
wealth. 


FRANCIS  JONES  BARNARD. 

No  history  of  British  Columbia  would  be  complete  without  mention  of  Francis 
Jones  Barnard,  one  of  the  most  striking  figures  among  the  hardy  pioneers  of  the 
province,  and  one  who  bore  his  full  share  of  the  hardships  of  the  period  of  early 
development.  Indeed  the  chronicle  of  his  experiences  covering  the  period  from 
1859,  the  year  of  his  arrival  here,  to  1880,  when  he  retired  from  active  partici- 
pation in  business  affairs,  is  probably  without  an  equal  in  point  of  strenuous 
endeavor. 

He  was  born  February  18,  1829,  and  died  July  10,  1889.  He  was  a  direct 
lineal  descendant  of  Francis  Barnard,  who  settled  in  Deerfield,  Massachusetts, 
prior  to  1642,  and  who  is  mentioned  in  the  Hartford  records  of  that  date  as  one 
of  the  selectmen  of  that  town.  Mr.  Barnard  was  born  in  the  city  of  Quebec, 
and  was  brought  up  in  the  hardware  business.  His  father  died  when  he  was 
twelve  years  of  age,  and  he  was  compelled  to  earn  a  living  for  his  mother  and  her 
young  family.  He  married  Ellen  Stillman,  of  Quebec,  in  1853,  and  in  1855  ne 
moved  to  Toronto,  Ontario,  where  he  engaged  in  business.  Meeting  with  reverses 
he  emigrated  to  British  Columbia  in  the  spring  of  1859,  leaving  his  wife  and 
children  in  Toronto.  He  traveled  via  Panama  to  San  Francisco  as  a  third-class 
steerage  passenger  in  order  to  save  the  few  dollars  he  possessed,  and  endured 
all  the  discomforts  that  steerage  passengers  from  New  York  to  San  Francisco 
in  those  days  were  subjected  to — filthy  quarters,  bad  food  and  brutal  treatment. 
He  arrived  at  Victoria  with  crowds  of  other  gold  seekers  when  the  Fraser  river 
excitement  was  at  its  height.  He  proceeded  at  once  to  Yale  where  he  landed  with 
a  five  dollar  gold  piece  in  his  pocket — all  the  money  he  had  in  the  world.  He 
earned  his  first  few  dollars  by 'carrying  cordwood  to  the  town  on  his  back,  and 
then  sawing  and  splitting  it.  Subsequently  he  staked  off  a  claim,  made  a  few 
dollars  out  of  it,  and  then  sold  it.  During  the  summer  he  secured  the  position 
of  constable  of  Yale,  and  while  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties  it  fell  to  his  lot 
to  take  two  prisoners  to  New  Westminster,  going  down  the  river  in  a  canoe.  He 
remained  at  Hope  over  night  and  while  there  one  of  the  prisoners  succeeded 
in  slipping  his  handcuffs  and  attempted  to  murder  his  guard.  Mr.  Barnard  was 
aroused  by  the  prisoner  trying  to  take  the  pistol  out  of  his  holster  for  the  purpose 
of  shooting  him.  He  grappled  with  the  fellow  and  succeeded  in  recapturing  him. 

In  1860  Mr.  Barnard  was  engaged  as  purser  on  the  steamer  Yale.  This 
vessel  was  built  by  the  merchants  of  Yale  to  navigate  the  Fraser  river  to  that 


1068  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

point,  steamboats  to  that  date  not  having  attempted  to  stem  the  current  above 
Hope.  Having  also  made  some  money  during  the  summer  building,  in  conjunc- 
tion with  Captain  Powers,  of  Moodyville,  the  trail  up  the  Fraser  river  to  Boston 
bar,  Mr.  Barnard  sent  to  Toronto  for  his  wife  and  two  young  children,  who 
arrived  in  Victoria  in  December  and  crossed  the  gulf  on  the  steamboat  Yale. 
The  same  steamer  was  blown  up  during  her  next  trip,  just  below  Hope,  and 
the  captain,  fireman  and  others  killed.  The  purser,  Mr.  Barnard,  who  was  sitting 
at  the  dining  table,  was  thrown  out  and  fell  on  the  guards  of  the  steamer  and  was 
rescued  by  Indians.  After  this,  Mr.  Barnard  took  a  contract  from  the  govern- 
ment for  clearing,  grading  and  stumping  Douglas  street  in  Yale,  a  work  which 
he  satisfactorily  completed. 

In  the  autumn  of  1860  Mr.  Barnard  first  began  the  express  business,  laying 
the  foundation  for  Barnard's  Express,  now  the  British  Columbia  Express  Com- 
pany, by  carrying  letters  and  papers  on  his  back,  and  traveling  on  foot  from 
Yale  to  Cariboo,  a  distance  of  three  hundred  and  eighty  miles  or  seven  hundred 
and  sixty  the  round  trip,  which  he  did  entirely  on  foot.  He  received  two  dol- 
lars for  every  letter  he  carried  and  sold  newspapers  in  the  Cariboo  mines  at  one 
dollar  apiece.  During  the  winter  of  1861-2  he  made  trips  between  New  West- 
minster and  Yale,  a  distance  of  two  hundred  miles.  In  1862  Mr.  Barnard  estab- 
lished a  pony  express,  which  meant  that  he  led  a  horse,  with  the  express  goods 
packed  on  the  animal's  back,  between  Yale  and  Barkerville,  connecting  at  Yale 
with  Messrs.  Dietz  &  Nelson  (later  Governor  Nelson),  who  carried  on  the 
business  between  Victoria  and  Yale.  Gold  was  being  taken  out  of  Williams 
creek  in  large  quantities,  and  was  entrusted  by  the  miners  for  transport  to 
Victoria  to  the  well  known  expressman,  who  several  times  during  the  sea- 
son of  1862  made  his  trip  of  seven  hundred  and  sixty  miles,  walking  and 
leading  his  horse,  and  who,  only  through  courage,  vigilance,  unwonted  pluck, 
perseverance  and  energy,  accomplished  the  perilous  journey  and  avoided 
being  robbed.  The  Victoria  wagon  road  from  Yale  to  Cariboo,  which  the  gov- 
ernment commenced  in  1862,  being  completed  to  Soda  creek,  some  two  hundred 
and  forty  miles  above  Yale,  Mr.  Barnard  with  the  small  capital  he  had  accumu- 
lated, and  backed  by  parties  who  realized  the  stuff  he  was  composed  of  estab- 
lished Barnard's  Express  &  Stage  Line,  equipping  the  road  with  fourteen-pas- 
senger,  six-horse  coaches,  all  driven  by  crack  whips.  The  rush  to  the  mines  was 
so  great  in  this  year  that  the  enterprising  and  entergetic  proprietor,  through  the 
carriage  of  passengers,  freight,  letters,  papers  and  gold  dust,  met  with  excellent 
returns  for  his  outlay,  and  in  1864  extended  his  business  and  increased  his  stock, 
securing  the  contract  at  a  very  remunerative  price  for  carrying  the  mails.  He 
also,  having  won  the  confidence  of  the  banks,  induced  the  government  to  disband 
the  gold  escort  and  entrust  the  carriage  of  all  gold  dust  to  him,  employing  an 
armed  messenger  to  protect  it.  In  1866  Mr.  Barnard  bought  out  Dietz  &  Nelson, 
and  extended  his  route  to  Victoria,  thus  doing  the  whole  business  between  Vic- 
toria and  Barkerville.  He  moved  his  family  to  Victoria  from  Yale  in  1868, 
where  he  continued  to  reside  to  the  date  of  his  death. 

In  1870,  with  characteristic  enterprise,  Mr.  Barnard,  associated  with  J.  C. 
Beedy  of  Van  Winkle,  attempted  to  place  road  steamers  on  the  Cariboo  wagon 
road,  and  securing  from  the  legislature  an  exclusive  right  to  run  them  for  one 
year,  he  went  to  Scotland,  and,  purchasing  six,  brought  them  with  engineers,  to 
the  country  at  an  enormous  cost.  After  several  attempts  and  heavy  pecuniary 
losses,  the  steamers  were  found  not  adapted  to  the  roads  of  this  colony,  and  Mr. 
Barnard  met  with  his  first  set-back  since  his  arrival  on  the  Pacific  coast.  The  road 
steamers,  save  two,  were  sent  back  to  Scotland,  as  well  as  the  engineers,  except 
Andrew  Gray  of  the  Marine  Iron  Works,  and  J.  McArthur,  of  the  Albion  Iron 
Works. 

Notwithstanding  his  very  heavy  losses  Mr.  Barnard  continued  to  carry  on 
his  express  and  stage  business,  and  in  1874  obtained,  unfortunately  for  himself, 
the  contract  for  building  part  of  the  transcontinental  telegraph  line.  His  sec- 
tion extended  from  Fort  Edmonton  to  Cache  creek,  a  distance  of  about  seven 
hundred  miles.  This  contract  Mr.  Barnard  was  never  permitted  to  finish,  the 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1069 

route  being  twice  changed  by  the  government,  and  although  steamboats,  pack 
trains  and  supplies,  as  well  as  wire  and  other  materials,  had  been  purchased,  work 
was  suspended  for  four  years,  until  1878,  and  Mr.  Barnard  kept  out  of  his 
money  for  that  time.  In  1878  the  new  government  came  into  power,  and  perceiving 
the  foolishness  of  building  and  clearing  the  right  of  way  for  a  telegraph  line 
and  railway  before  the  road  was  located,  canceled  the  contract,  leaving  Mr.  Barn- 
ard with  a  large  claim  for  damages  against  the  government,  which  has  not  yet 
been  finally  settled.  The  worry  and  anxiety  from  this  broke  up  Mr.  Barnard's  fine 
constitution,  which  had  stood  all  the  trials,  exposure  and  fatigue  incident  to 
pioneer  life — trials  and  fatigues,  which  in  his  case  were  far  beyond  the  ordinary, 
and,  perhaps,  unparalleled  in  the  colony. 

In  the  fall  of  1880  he,  met  with  his  first  stroke  of  paralysis,  which  left  him 
an  invalid  until  his  death  on  the  loth  of  July,  1889.  From  1880,  until  his  death, 
his  interests  which  were  large  and  scattered  throughout  the  province,  including 
stock-raising,  steamboating,  staging  and  mining,  were  looked  after  by  Frank  S. 
Barnard,  now  a  member  of  parliament  for  Cariboo.  In  1866  Mr.  Barnard  was 
first  returned  to  the  legislature  for  Yale,  which  he  continued  to  represent  until 
1870.  He  was  one  of  the  prime  movers  and  fathers  of  confederation  in  this 
province,  and  together  with  Hon.  John  Robson  (afterwards  premier),  Hon.  Mr. 
Nelson,  the  late  Dr.  Carroll  (senator)  fought  the  battle  against  great  odds  on 
the  mainland,  and  in  the  legislature,  and  on  the  stump,  and  through  the  interior. 
Just  before  confederation  was  adopted  by  the  legislature  of  British  Columbia, 
after  it  had  been  virtually  secured,  Mr.  Barnard  resigned,  as  he  was  interested 
in  a  private  bill  coming  before  the  house,  and  although  always  active  in  politics 
and  recognized  as  a  power  on  the  mainland,  being  engaged  in  business,  he  did 
not  seek  reelection  until  1879.  In  this  year  he  was  elected  by  a  large  majority 
to  represent  the  Yale-Kootenay  district  in  the  house  of  commons,  and  continued 
to  retain  the  confidence  of  his  constituents  through  two  parliaments.  On  account 
of  ill  health  he  did  not  seek  reelection  at  the  general  election  in  1887,  and  for  the 
same  reason  declined  a  senatorship  in  1888. 

In  his  death,  British  Columbia  lost  one  of  the  worthiest  citizens,  a  man  of 
rare  capacity  who  was  among  the  foremost  in  developing  the  country's  best 
interests.  His  native  talent  led  him  out  of  humble  circumstances  to  a  large  degree 
through  the  opportunity  that  is  the  pride  of  our  western  life.  Nor  was  his 
success  measured  by  material  standards  alone,  for  he  developed  that  type  of 
character  which  makes  for  higher  ideals  in  both  the  social  and  business  world. 

He  was  survived  by  three  children:  Frank  Stillman  Barnard,  M.  P.;  Alice, 
wife  of  John  A.  Mara;  and  George  Henry  Barnard,  K.  C,  M.  P. 


HENRY  SIMPSON  HENDERSON. 

Henry  Simpson  Henderson  is  president  of  the  Victoria  Book  &  Stationery 
Company,  Limited,  and  as  such  is  a  well  known  figure  in  commercial  circles  on 
the  island.  He  carefuly  formulates  his  plans  in  regard  to  the  conduct  of  the 
business  and  then  carries  them  forward  to  successful  completion,  brooking  no 
obstacle  that  may  be  overcome  by  persistent,  honorable  and  determined  effort.  Of 
English  birth,  he  was  born  at  Middlesborough,  Yorkshire,  on  the  24th  of  April, 
1866,  and  is  the  elder  of  two  sons  whose  parents  were  Robert  and  Annie  (Adam- 
son)  Henderson,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Whitby,  Yorkshire,  England. 
The  father  became  a  merchant  of  Middlesborough,  where  he  conducted  business 
for  many  years,  and  he  is  now  living  retired  in  Hull,  Yorkshire.  His  wife,  how- 
ever, died  in  1875  at  the  comparatively  early  age  of  twenty-nine  years.  The 
paternal  grandparents  of  Henry  S.  Henderson  were  also  natives  of  Whitby,  York- 
shire, and  the  grandfather  was  a  seafaring  man.  The  maternal  grandparents 
were  born  in  the  same  place  and  the  grandfather  operated  a  line  of  colliers 
between  the  Tyne  and  the  Thames.  An  uncle  of  H.  S.  Henderson  on  the  paternal 


1070  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

side  was  the  famous  English  artist,  William  Henderson,  whose  death  occurred 
in  1907. 

Henry  S.  Henderson  was  educated  in  the  Middlesborough  high  school  and 
in  the  Nottingham  University  College,  and  after  his  education  was  completed 
entered  the  service  of  the  Nottingham  branch  of  the  Paris  house  of  Charles  Le 
Comte  &  Company,  one  of  the  largest  lace  houses  in  France,  remaining  with 
that  company  for  seven  years.  In  1892  he  came  to  Canada,  at  once  making  his 
way  to  Victoria,  where  he  was  engaged  in  various  occupations  for  eighteen  months. 
He  then  entered  the  firm  of  Robert  Jamieson,  books  and  stationery,  at  Victoria, 
as  bookkeeper,  and  later  was  made  manager.  In  1898  he  became  a  partner  in 
the  business,  which  was  then  conducted  under  the  name  of  the  Victoria  Book 
&  Stationery  Company,  Limited.  After  a  period  of  thirteen  years'  partial  owner- 
ship he  was  chosen,  in  1911,  president  and  managing  director  of  the  company, 
which  position  he  now  holds.  The  business  was  originally  capitalized  at  twelve 
thousand  five  hundred  dollars  and  later,  as  the  patronage  increased,  the  capital 
stock  was  increased  to  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  which  amount  is  fully  paid 
up.  The  company  has  been  unusually  successful  and  has  gradually  added  to  its 
lines,  which  now  include  office  furniture  in  steel  and  wood  and  a  complete  line 
of  office  equipment,  together  with  all  kinds  of  stationery.  The  firm  solicits  and 
fills  large  orders  for  provincial  and  municipal  departments  as  well  as  for  private 
enterprises  and  specializes  in  steel  vault  fixtures  and  office  equipment.  This 
is  today  one  of  the  largest  firms  of  the  kind  in  the  city  and  their  business  is 
constantly  growing.  Everything  is  carefully  systematized  and  methodically  done, 
and  close  connection  writh  the  trade  has  enabled  Mr.  Henderson  to  become  an 
important  factor  in  the  substantial  development  of  a  business  which  has  now 
reached  extensive  and  gratifying  proportions. 

In  1891,  in  London,  England,  was  celebrated  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Henderson 
and  Gwendolyn  Mabel  Fenner,  a  daughter  of  Richard  and  Margaret  (Fenner) 
Rowlinson,  who  were  natives  of  London,  England,  where  for  many  years  the 
father  carried  on  business  as  an  accountant  but  where  he  is  now  living  retired. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Henderson  were  the  parents  of  three  children  but  the  only  sur- 
vivor is  Gwendolyn  Muriel  Joy,  who  is  now  attending  St.  Ann's  Academy  of 
Victoria. 

Mr.  Henderson  served  for  three  years  in  the  ranks  of  the  Fifth  Regiment  of 
Canadian  Artillery,  from  1895  until  1898.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Pacific  Club 
and  of  the  Canadian  Club  and  is  a  past  president  of  the  Yorkshire  Society.  His 
political  views  are  indicated  in  the  fact  that  he  is  a  member  of  the  Conservative 
Association.  He  belongs  also  to  the  Church  of  England.  Amateur  photography 
is  his  only  hobby  and  to  this  delightful  interest  he  devotes  much  of  his  leisure 
time,  reading  widely  upon  the  subject  and  doing  excellent  work  with  the  camera. 
However,  his  life  has  been  closely  concentrated  upon  his  business  affairs  and 
his  application,  earnest  purpose  and  thorough  mastery  of  his  work  have  fitted 
him  to  carry  on  his  line  of  business  in  a  most  satisfactory  and  successful  manner 
both  in  the  interests  of  the  company  and  its  patrons. 


JOHN  WILLIAM  FLETT. 

\ 

\ 

John  William  Flett,  who  for  many  years  has  been  extensively  engaged  in 
dairy  farming  near  Maple  Bay,  where  he  owns  one  hundred  acres  of  fertile 
land,  is  a  native  of  British  Columbia.  He  was  born  in  Victoria,  July  29,  1855,  anc* 
is  a  son  of  John  and  Janet  Flett,  natives  of  Scotland  and  pioneers  of  this  prov- 
ince. The  father,  who  was  an  expert  judge  of  furs,  was  sent  over  here  in 
1849  by  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company.  For  five  years  thereafter  he  traded  with 
the  Indians,  returning  at  the  expiration  of  that  time  to  Scotland,  where  he  was 
married  in  August,  1854,  and  starting  in  the  same  month  upon  his  return  voyage 
to  British  Columbia  with  his  wife,  arrived  here  in  April,  1855,  taking  up  his  resi- 


JOHN  W.  FLETT 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1075 

dence  in  Victoria.  He  continued  in  the  service  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company 
until  1870,  in  which  year  he  came  to  Maple  Bay  and  took  up  one  hundred 
acres  of  undeveloped  land,  which  he  and  his  son,  John  William,  cleared  and 
brought  under  cultivation.  Subsequently  they  engaged  in  dairying,  having  the 
satisfaction  of  building  up  an  extensive  and  lucrative  business.  The  father  also 
took  a  laudable  interest  in  community  affairs,  serving  as  one  of  the  first  coun- 
cilors of  Maple  Bay.  He  died  February  4,  1886,  his  wife  surviving  him  for  over 
twenty-three  years,  passing  away  June  7,  1909.  They  were  the  parents  of  four 
sons,  the  two  living  brothers  of  our  subject  being  James  and  Peter,  while  Alfred 
is  deceased. 

The  first  fifteen  years  in  the  life  of  John  William  Flett  were  passed  in  his 
native  city,  where  he  obtained  his  education.  Upon  him  devolved  a  large  portion 
of  the  work  in  connection  with  the  clearing  of  their  homestead,  after  the  family 
removed  to  Maple  Bay.  As  the  timber  had  to  be  cut  by  hand  and  burned,  many 
months  were  occupied  in  getting  the  land  ready  for  planting.  With  the  passing 
of  time,  Mr.  Flett  assumed  more  and  more  of  the  responsibility  in  connection  with 
the  operation  of  the  farm.  Here  he  now  engages  as  owner  in  diversified  farm- 
ing and  dairying,  and  is  meeting  with  a  good  measure  of  success  by  reason  of 
the  practical  and  capable  manner  in  which  he  directs  his  activities.  As  his  circum- 
stances have  permitted  he  has  increased  the  value  of  his  property  by  the  addition 
of  modern  improvements,  and  various  conveniences  consistent  with  the  spirit  of 
progress  he  at  all  times  manifests.  The  land  has  been  cleared  a  small  portion  at 
a  time,  until  it  is  practically  all  under  cultivation,  and  is  now  one  or  the  attrac- 
tive properties  of  the  Maple  Bay  district. 

On  the  loth  of  October,  1893,  Mr.  Flett  married  Miss  Mary  Elizabeth  Evans 
and  to  them  have  been  born  three  children,  Mabel,  Arnold  Christmas  and  John 
Alfred,  all  at  home.  Mr.  Flett  is  a  man.  of  many  estimable  qualitities  and  is 
accorded  the  respect  of  his  neighbors  and  fellow  townsmen,  all  of  whom  know 
him  to  be  reliable  and  trustworthy  in  matters  of  business,  while  as  a  citizen  he 
is  progressive  and  enterprising. 


ALFRED  CARMICHAEL. 

The  most  progressive  business  methods  are  followed  by  Alfred  Carmichael, 
the  managing  director  of  Carmichael  &  Moorhead,  Ltd.,  financial  agents  of 
Victoria.  His  life  has  ever  been  one  of  intense  and  intelligently  directed  activity, 
bringing  him  at  length  to  the  present  position  of  prominence  which  he  occupies 
in  the  business  circles  of  the  island.  Mr.  Carmichael  was  born  June  13,  1874, 
at  Belfast,  Ireland,  his  parents  being  David  and  Katherine  Carmichael,  repre- 
sentatives of  an  old  Irish  family,  who  were  wealthy  landowners  on  the  Emerald 
isle.  The  son  pursued  his  education  in  the  Royal  Academical  Institute  at  Bel- 
fast. He  was  a  youth  of  sixteen  when*he  became  a  resident  of  Victoria,  British 
Columbia,  but  after  a  short  time  he  left  this  city  for  northern  British  Columbia, 
where  he  was  connected  with  mining  interests  for  a  number  of  years.  In  1907 
he  went  to  Port  Alberni,  British  Columbia,  where  he  entered  into  partnership 
with  C.  A.  Moorhead  under  the  style  of  Carmichael  &  Moorhead,  and  thus  engaged 
in  the  development  of  the  townsite.  In  1909  they  incorporated  their  business 
under  the  name  of  Carmichael  &  Moorhead,  Ltd.,  and  in  addition  to  their  head- 
quarters at  Victoria  they  have  branch  offices  at  Parksville  and  at  Port  Alberni, 
British  Columbia.  In  all  these  different  places  they  handle  much  property  and 
the  improvements  which  they  have  made  thereon  and  the  enterprising  methods 
which  they  follow  in  placing  their  land  upon  the  market  have  given  them  rank 
with  the  leading  representatives  in  their  field  of  labor.  They  are  also  both  man- 
aging directors  of  the  Vancouver  Island  Fruitlands,  Ltd.,  a  company  engaged 
in  developing  thirty  thousand  acres  of  farm  and  fruit  lands  on  Vancouver  island. 
They  have  closely  studied  the  opportunities  and  conditions  of  the  country,  recog- 

Vi'l.  Ill— 38 


1076  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

nize  much  of  what  the  future  has  in  store  for  this  great  and  growing  district 
and,  acting  in  accordance  with  the  dictates  of  sound  judgment,  they  are  winning 
the  success  which  their  enterprise  and  diligence  merit. 

On  the  7th  of  April,  1909,  at  Port  Alberni,  Mr.  Carmichael  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Kathleen  Frances  Withers,  a  daughter  of  Major  and  Fannie 
Withers,  of  Napier,  New  Zealand.  The  father,  now  deceased,  was  a  major  of 
the  regular  army  in  New  Zealand  for  many  years  and  was  in  command  of  the 
troops  in  the  Hawkes  Bay  district  and  in  the  Auckland  district  until  the  time  of 
his  death.  The  children  of  this  marriage  are  Kathleen  Patricia  and  Brian  Withers. 
The  religious  faith  of  the  parents  is  that  of  the  Anglican  church  and  in  politics 
Mr.  Carmichael  is  a  conservative.  He  belongs  to  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria  and 
is  well  known  and  highly  esteemed  in  both  business  and  social  circles.  Deter- 
mination and  energy  have  carried  him  into  important  business  relations  and 
throughout  the  period  of  his  residence  in  Canada  his  record  has  been  one  of 
advancement. 


J.  A.  SUTHERLAND,  M.  D. 

Dr.  J.  A.  Sutherland,  since  1910  engaged  in  the  practice  of  medicine  and 
surgery  in  Vancouver,  where  he  has  already  become  well  established  in  his  chosen 
profession,  was  born  in  River  John,  Pictou  county,  Nova  Scotia,  August  10, 
1869.  He  is  a  son  of  Robert  and  Margaret  (Fitzpatrick)  Sutherland,  natives 
of  Nova  Scotia,  and  his  paternal  grandfather  settled  in  that  province  in  pioneer 
times,  spending  the  remainder  of  his  life  at  River  John,  in  Pictou  county.  Dr. 
Sutherland's  parents  still  reside  in  that  locality,  where  the  father  is  engaged  in 
farming.  In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  Dr.  Sutherland  attended  public 
school  in  River  John,  Pictou  Academy  and  Dalhousie  University.  He  afterward 
entered  the  medical  department  of  McGill  University,  Montreal,  and  from  that 
institution  was  graduated  M.  D.  in  1896.  Afterward  he  opened  an  office  at  Spring 
Hill  Mines,  Nova  Scotia,  and  there  remained  until  the  spring  of  1910,  when  he 
came  to  Vancouver,  where  he  has  since  continued  in  general  practice.  Although 
his  residence  in  the  city  has  been  brief,  the  position  to  which  he  has  already 
attained  is  but  another  proof  that  ability  and  worth  will  ever  win  quick  recogni- 
tion. Something  of  his  standing  in  the  community  is  indicated  in  his  growing 
practice,  which  he  is  very  successful  in  conducting. 

At  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  in  the  summer  of  1906,  Dr.  Sutherland  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Lilias  McLeod,  of  Spring  Hill,  Nova  Scotia,  and 
they  have  become  the  parents  of  three  children.  Dr.  Sutherland  is  connected 
fraternally  with  Vancouver  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  is  'a  member  of  the  Uni- 
versity Club.  While  a  resident  of  Spring  Hill  he  was  medical  officer  of  the  Ninety- 
third  Regiment,  Cumberland  Infantry,  with  the  rank  of  major,  and  he  holds  mem- 
bership in  the  Vancouver  and  the  British  Columbia  Medical  Societies.  Politi- 
cally he  supports  the  conservative  party  and  his  religious  views  are  in  accord 
with  the  doctrines  of  the  Presbyterian  church.  He  has  throughout  his  life  made 
wise  use  of  his  time  and  talents  and  his  ability,  natural  and  acquired,  has  placed 
him  in  a  favorable  position  among  the  physicians  of  Vancouver. 


WILLIAM  BECKMAN. 

William  Beckman  is  located  on  the  Dyke  road  in  the  vicinity  of  Steveston, 
where  he  successfully  engages  in  general  farming.  He  was  born  in  Sweden  on 
the  26th  of  February,  1856,  and  is  a  son  of  Andrew  and  Clara  Sophia  Beckman. 

The  boyhood  and  youth  of  William  Beckman  to  the  age  of  fifteen  years  were 
passed  in  the  land  of  his  birth,  where  he  acquired  his  education.  In  common 
with  many  other  youths  of  his  country  he  was  strongly  attracted  to  America, 


and  in  1871  took  passage  for  the  new  world  with  British  Columbia  as  his  destina- 
tion. The  Canadian  transcontinental  railroads  had  not  then  been  built,  so  he 
came  by  way  of  the  United  States,  the  journey  at  that  time  occupying  from  ten 
to  fifteen  days.  Upon  his  arrival  here  he  first  engaged  in  fishing,  but  later 
turned  his  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits,  taking  up  a  portion  of  the  old 
Woodward  farm,  which  he  cultivated  for  two  years.  At  the  expiration  of  that 
time  he  bought  the  place  where  he  now  lives  and  continued  to  engage  in  farming 
until  1883.  He  next  engaged  in  salmon  canning,  which  occupation  he  followed 
for  three  years  and  then  went  into  the  sealing  business.  He  followed  the  latter 
activity  for  eleven  years,  and  at  the  expiration  of  that  time  went  to  Victoria,  Brit- 
ish Columbia,  his  sojourn  there  covering  a  period  of  a  year.  In  1897,  he  joined 
the  gold  seekers  who  were  making  for  the  Yukon,  where  he  passed  the  next  ten 
years.  Upon  his  return  to  British  Columbia  he  again  engaged  in  the  canning 
business,  but  he  gave  this  up  at  the  expiration  of  five  years  and  returned  to  his 
farm.  During  the  long  period  of  his  connection  with  other  activities  and  his 
absence  in  Alaska,  property  in  this  section  had  steadily  increased  in  value,  and 
his  farm  had  become  a  highly  desirable  holding.  Mr.  Beckman  has  made  many 
improvements  on  his  place,  developing  it  into  one  of  the  most  attractive  and  valua- 
ble properties  in  this  vicinity. 

At  Port  Townsend  on  the  I3th  of  December,  1878,  Mr.  Beckman  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Amelia  Fraser,  a  daughter  of  Paul  and  Amelia  Fraser. 
They  are  both  members  of  the  Methodist  Epsicopal  church,  and  take  an  active 
interest  in  the  work  of  its  various  organizations.  The  fraternal  relations  of  Mr. 
Beckman  are  confined  to  his  connection  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fel- 
lows. He  is  an  enterprising  man  of  good  business  ability  and  since  coming  to 
America  has  met  with  more  than  an  average  degree  of  success  and  is  numbered 
among  the  substantial  citizens  of  his  community,  where  both  he  and  his  wife  are 
held  in  favorable  regard  and  have  many  friends. 


WALTER  ARTHUR  MILLINGTON. 

Few  men  in  Victoria  have  made  a  closer  or  more  practical  study  of  the  hotel 
business  than  Walter  Arthur  Millington,  who  since  1901  has  been  a  partner  with 
F.  L.  Wolfenden  in  the  control  of  important  hotel  interests  in  the  city  and  who 
is  today  well  known  as  part  owner  of  the  King  Edward.  He  was  born  in  Esqui- 
malt,  Vancouver  Island,  British  Columbia,  April  19,  1869,  and  is  the  youngest 
of  six  sons  in  the  family  of  nine  children  born  to  William  and  Mary  Millington, 
natives  of  Bristol,  England.  The  parents  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1858  and  located 
in  Esquimalt,  where  the  father  followed  the  stone  mason's  trade  for  a  number 
of  years.  He  later  turned  his  attention  to  farming,  acquiring  a  large  tract  of 
land  around  Langford  lake  and  continuing  to  develop  and  improve  this  property 
for  fourteen  years.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  disposed  of  his  farming  interests 
and  engaged  in  the  fishing  industry  near  Plumper  Pass,  later  again  adding  farm- 
ing and  stock-raising  to  his  activities.  In  this  latter  occupation  he  continued  for 
thirty  years  thereafter  and  at  the  end  of  that  time  moved  to  Victoria,  where  his 
death  occurred  in  1911,  when  he  was  eighty-five  years  of  age. 

Walter  Arthur  Millington  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Esquimalt  and  afterward  followed  various  occupations  until  1898,  when  he  came 
to  Victoria  and  turned  his  attention  to  the  hotel  business.  In  1901  he  formed 
a  partnership  with  F.  L.  Wolfenden  and  they  operated  first  the  Horseshoe  Hotel 
and  later  the  Victoria.  Two  years  later  they  disposed  of  their  interests  in  these 
enterprises  and  secured  the  Garricks  Head  and  the  Manitoba,  disposing  of  the 
former  in  1906  and  of  the  latter  in  1911.  In  1912  they  purchased  the  King 
Edward  and  this  has  become  under  their  able  management  one  of  the  most  popu- 
lar and  up-to-date  hostelries  in  the  city.  They  have  completely  remodeled  and 
refurnished  it  at  considerable  expense,  combining  convenience  of  arrangement 


1078  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

with  beauty  of  detail  and  neglecting  nothing  which  would  add  in  any  way  to 
the  comfort  of  the  guests.  To  that  most  important  department  of  any  hotel — 
the  dining  room — they  have  paid  special  attention,  making  the  food  excellent 
and  the  service  prompt,  and  they  maintain  also  a  high  class  and  perfectly  appointed 
bar,  the  fittings  of  which  show  great  elegance  and  refinement  of  taste.  The 
King  Edward  is  one  of  the  most  popular  hotels  in  Victoria,  for  its  owners  are 
both  experienced  hotelmen  and  have  followed  the  most  progressive  and  up-to- 
date  methods  in  making  their  enterprise  a  success. 

On  the  2 ist  of  October,  1898,  Mr.  Millington  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Sibyl  Frances  Backus,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Backus,  a  native  of  Toronto,  Ontario, 
who  came  to  British  Columbia,  following  the  carriage  building  trade  in  Victoria 
until  the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1908,  at  the  age  of  seventy-two. 
His  wife  survives  him  and  makes  her  home  in  this  city.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Milling- 
ton  have  become  the  parents  of  two  children :  Walter  Leroy  and  Miriam  Frances, 
both  of  whom  are  attending  school.  The  family  reside  at  2305  Willows  road,  in 
a  comfortable  and  attractive  home,  with  improved  grounds,  the  beauty  of  which 
is  due  largely  to  the  efforts  of  Mrs.  Millington,  who  is  an  expert  and  enthu- 
siastic horticulturist. 

Mr.  Millington  spends  many  of  his  leisure  hours  hunting  and  is  a  lover  of 
horses  and  dogs,  raising  in  the  Millington  kennels,  which  are  famous  throughout 
Canada  and  the  Pacific  coast,  pedigreed  English  pointers,  many  of  which  have 
been  prominent  prize  winners.  He  also  raises  standard  bred  horses.  He  holds 
membership  in  the  Victoria  City  Kennel  Club,  the  Victoria  Gun  Club  and  the 
British  Columbia  Agricultural  Association  and  he  gives  his  political  allegiance  to 
the  conservative  party,  taking  an  active  interest  in  community  affairs,  although 
never  seeking  public  office.  His  attention  is,  however,  given  largely  to  his  busi- 
ness affairs,  which  are  capably  conducted  and  have  brought  him  a  gratifying 
measure  of  success. 


JOHN  WEIGHTMAN  WARDEN. 

John  Weightman  Warden,  whose  name  in  well  known  in  connection  with  the 
real-estate,  insurance  and  loan  business  in  Vancouver,  has  a  life  record  fraught 
with  many  interesting  and  varied  experiences.  He  was  born  November  8,  1871, 
at  Bayswater,  Kings  county.  New  Brunswick,  a  son  of  George  and  Mary  (Weight- 
man) Warden,  both  descended  from  United  Empire  Loyalist  families.  His  great- 
grandfather in  the  maternal  line,  John  Weightman,  for  whom  he  was  named, 
was  a  colonel  in  the  Royal  Engineers,  raised  a  regiment  at  his  own  expense  and 
fought  for  the  king  in  the  American  Revolutionary  war  in  1777.  His  son,  John 
Weightman,  grandfather  of  J.  W.  Warden,  received  in  1812  for  signal  service 
done  for  the  British  government  at  that  time  a  parchment  from  the  king,  agree- 
ing to  give  any  of  his  sons  or  grandsons  a  captain's  commission  in  the  king's 
army,  so  that  J.  W.  Warden  is  entitled  to  this  if  he  should  so  elect.  On  the 
paternal  side  Andrew  Warden,  his  great-grandfather,  also  enlisted  with  the 
Loyalist  troops  and  fought  in  defence  of  British  interests.  The  Weightmans 
are  descendants  of  the  nobility  of  England  and  can  trace  their  ancestry  back  for 
twenty-four  generations.  The  Wardens  are  descendants  of  a  Polish  family, 
whose  ancestors  sat  upon  the  throne  of  that  kingdom.  Representatives  of  the 
family  went  to  Scotland  in  the  early  times  and  left  Edinburgh  for  Connecti- 
cut, where  the  family  was  represented  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolutionary  war. 
Believing  in  the  supremacy  of  the  king  as  the  ruler  over  his  provinces,  they  left 
the  United  States  and  went  to  St.  John,  New  Brunswick.  The  old  homestead 
at  Bayswater,  New  Brunswick,  was  given  to  them  by  King  George  III  in  recog- 
nition of  their  loyalty. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Kings  county,  New  Brunswick,  John  W.  Warden 
pursued  his  education  and  in  early  manhood  went  to  Boston,  where  he  secured 


JOHN  W.  WARDEN 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1081 

employment  in  a  piano  factory  in  order  to  learn  the  business.  His  initial  posi- 
tion was  a  humble  one,  for  he  wished  to  acquaint  himself  with  every  phase  of 
the.  trade.  Gradually  he  worked  his  way  upward  to  the  position  of  foreman 
and  was  thus  engaged  when  the  Boer  war  broke  out,  at  which  time  he  enlisted 
in  the  South  Africa  constabulary.  He  remained  in  South  Africa  for  six  years  in 
charge  of  the  Wakkerstroom  police  and  filled  the  position  of  assistant  prose- 
cutor in  criminal  courts  for  four  years.  In  1906  he  left  Africa  and  came  to 
Vancouver,  where  he  again  entered  business  circles  in  connection  with  the  line 
of  activity  in  which  he  had  first  engaged,  being  a  traveling  representative  of  the 
Montelius  Piano  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver,  for  a  few  years.  In  1909  he 
embarked  in  the  real-estate  business  in  partnership  with  F.  J.  Conneau  under 
the  firm  style  of  Conneau  &  Warden.  In  1911  he  purchased  the  interest  of  Mr. 
Conneau  and  the  present  firm  of  Warden,  Maxwell  &  King  was  then  formed. 
He  handles  real  estate,  insurance  and  loans,  and  the  business  has  gradually  as- 
sumed large  and  gratifying  proportions,  the  firm  having  an  extensive  clientele  in 
all  departments. 

On  the  26th  of  April,  1900,  at  Brockton,  Massachusetts,  Mr.  Warden  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Jessie  Whitaker,  a  daughter  of  Garret  H.  and  Mary 
(Sears)  Whitaker,  representatives  of  an  old  English  family.  Her  father  was 
an  officer  in  the  Union  army  in  the  Civil  war  in  the  United  States.  The  chil- 
dren of  this  marriage  are:  Olive  Warden,  who  was  born  in  Africa;  Ruth,  born 
in  St.  John,  New  Brunswick ;  and  Florence,  in  Vancouver.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Warden 
hold  membership  in  the  Baptist  church  and  his  political  support  is  given  to  the 
conservative  party.  Fraternally  he  is  connected  with  the  Masons,  the  Royal 
Orange  lodge  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Good  Templars.  He  is  lieutenant 
in  Company  A,  Sixth  Regiment,  Duke  of  Connaught's  Own  Rifles,  and  is  a 
member  of  the  United  Service  Club  and  is  an  honorary  vice  president  of  the 
Empire  Service  Club.  As  member  of  the  municipal  council  of  West  Vancouver 
he  does  valuable  work  for  progress  and  expansion.  His  interests  and  activities 
in  life  are  broad  and  varied  and  his  influence  is  always  found  on  the  side  of  im- 
provement, truth  and  right.  His  success  is  the  legitimate  outcome  of  earnest 
effort,  perseverance  and  ability,  and  in  business  circles  he  has  made  an  enviable 
record. 


BRIAN  HALSEY  TYRWHITT-DRAKE. 

Brian  Halsey  Tyrwhitt-Drake,  since  1895  registrar  of  the  supreme  court 
of  British  Columbia  and  since  1896  registrar  of  the  exchequer  court,  is  a  native 
son  of  Victoria,  born  here  October  6,  1866,  and  is  a  representative  of  a  pioneer 
family,  his  father,  Hon.  Montague  William  Tyrwhitt-Drake,  having  settled  in 
the  province  in  1859.  A  more  extended  mention  of  the  father  will  be  found 
elsewhere  in  this  work. 

Brian  Halsey  Tyrwhitt-Drake  acquired  his  education  in  Charterhouse  school, 
England,  completing  his  studies  there  in  1884.  He  was  in  the  following  year 
articled  to  the  late  R.  E.  Jackson,  of  Victoria,  under  whom  he  studied  until  1890, 
when  he  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia  as  barrister  and  solicitor. 
After  practicing  his  profession  in  the  city  for  five  years,  Mr.  Tyrwhitt-Drake  was 
appointed  registrar  of  the  supreme  court  of  British  Columbia  and  in  the  follow- 
ing year  registrar  of  the  exchequer  court,  Admiralty  district,  and  in  these  impor- 
tant capacities  is  still  serving,  discharging  his  duties  capably  and  conscientiously. 

Mr.  Tyrwhitt-Drake  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  takes  an 
intelligent  interest  in  public  affairs,  although  he  is  not  an  active  politician.^  He 
was  for  twelve  years  connected  with  the  Fifth  Regiment,  Canadian  Artillery, 
serving  from  1886  to  1889  in  the  ranks.  He  took  a  commission  in  1896  and  was 
placed  on  the  reserve  of  officers  in  1905  with  the  rank  of  captain.  He  belongs 
to  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria,  is  a  fellow  of  the  Royal  Colonial  Institute  and  an 


1082  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

adherent  of  the  Church  of  England.  He  is  fond  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports, 
his  special  enthusiasms  being  indicated  by  his  membership  in  the  Victoria  Cricket 
Club,  the  Royal  Victoria  Yacht  Club  and  the  Victoria  Golf  and  Lawn  Tennis 
Clubs.  He  was  for  twenty  years  a  member  of  the  James  Bay  Athletic  Association 
and  was  a  well  known  oarsman  and  football  player.  In  the  field  of  his  profes- 
sion he  has  won  a  place  of  honor  and  distinction  and  his  record  is  a  credit  to  a 
name  that  has  been  held  in  high  regard  and  esteem  in  this  city  and  province  since 
pioneer  times. 


ROBERT  FOWLER. 

Robert  Fowler,  who  since  1907  has  served  in  a  conscientious  and  able  manner 
as  engineer  of  the  Oak  Bay  municipality,  was  born  in  Cobourg,  Ontario,  Septem- 
ber 20,  1857.  He  is  a  son  of  John  and  Jane  Fowler,  the  former  of  whom  was 
for  many  years  a  railway  contractor  in  that  city  but  who  has  passed  away. 

Robert  Fowler  has  devoted  his  entire  active  life  to  the  engineering  profession. 
Shortly  after  leaving  a  private  school  in  Rice  Lake,  Ontario,  where  he  was 
educated,  he  joined  the  engineering  corps  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  Com- 
pany, acting  as  rodman  for  a  time  and  later  as  assistant  engineer.  He  afterward 
held  this  same  position  with  the  Canadian  Northern  Railroad  until  1905,  when 
he  left  Manitoba,  where  he  had  been  making  his  headquarters,  and  moved  to 
Victoria,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  practiced  his  profession  privately  with 
gratifying  success  until  1907,  when  he  was  appointed  to  his  present  position  as 
engineer  of  the  Oak  Bay  municipality.  He  has  proved  capable,  prompt  and  con- 
scientious in  the  discharge  of  his  duties  and  his  record  reflects  credit  upon  his 
energy,  his  ability  and  his  public  spirit. 

On  the  26.  of  January,  1883,  in  Cobourg,  Ontario,  Mr.  Fowler  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Grace  Ley,  a  daughter  of  George  and  Mary  Ley,  pioneers  in 
Ontario,  where  the  father  still  owns  large  landed  holdings.  Mr.  Fowler  is  a 
member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  gives  a  general  allegiance  to  the  conserva- 
tive party,  although  he  often  votes  independently.  He  is  a  man  of  great  ability 
in  his  profession,  to  which  he  devotes  practically  all  of  his  attention,  and  his  official 
ecord  is  above  reproach. 


DUNCAN    DRUMMOND    YOUNG. 

Duncan  Drummond  Young,  vice  president  of  Taylor '&  Young,  Limited,  engi- 
neers and  dealers  in  machinery  in  Vancouver,  established  the  present  business  in 
1912  and  in  his  present  position  is  bending  his  efforts  to  administrative  direction 
and  executive  control.  The  qualities  he  is  displaying  promise  well  for  a  success- 
ful future.  On  the  nth  of  February,  1883,  he  was  born  at  Edinburgh,  Scotland, 
a  son  of  William  and  Helen  Young,  the  former  an  artist.  In  the  public  schools 
of  his  native  city  Duncan  D.  Young  pursued  his  early  education  and  afterward 
attended  Daniel  Stewart's  College  at  Edinburgh.  He  engaged  in  the  lumber 
business  in  Scotland  and  England  for  sixteen  years  and  his  broad  experience  in 
that  connection  well  qualified  him  for  the  position  which  he  secured  on  coming 
to  Canada  in  1910.  Making  his  way  to  Vancouver,  he  spent  two  years  as  sales 
manager  for  the  North  Pacific  Lumber  Company,  but  ambitious  to  engage  in 
business  on  his  own  account  and  believing  that  there  was  a  good  opening  in  the 
engineering  field  and  for  machinery  sales,  he  organized  the  present  company  of 
Taylor  &  Young,  Limited,  of  which  he  was  elected  vice  president.  The  business 
was  at  that  time  incorporated  and  in  the  intervening  period  has  shown  a  satis- 
factory growth  which  indicates  that  it  has  entered  upon  an  era  of  progress  and 
prosperity. 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1083 

Mr.  Young  was  a  lieutenant  of  the  Queen's  Royal  Rifle  Brigade  of  Edinburgh 
for  three  years.  He  belongs  to  the  Terminal  City  Club  and  is  interested  in  all 
of  its  projects  for  the  welfare  of  Vancouver.  He  came  to  this  country  with  the 
intention  of  being  a  loyal  Canadian  citizen  and  his  cooperation  can  be  counted 
upon  to  further  any  movement  for  the  general  good. 


GEORGE  CHRISTIE  TUNSTALL. 

The  pioneer  history  of  the  west  bears  unmistakably  the  impress  of  the  individ- 
uality of  George  Christie  Tunstall,  who  was  one  of  the  first  to  go  to  the  Cariboo 
country.  He  was  connected  in  large  measure  with  the  settlement  and  upbuilding 
of  different  sections  of  the  Pacific  coast  country  and  his  name  is  yet  honored 
and  his  memory  revered  by  those  who  knew  him.  He  was 'born  December  5, 
1836,  in  the  United  States,  his  parents  being  James  and  Elizabeth  Tunstall,  both 
deceased.  He  came  of  distinguished  ancestry.  The  grandfather  was  Rev.  James 
Tunstall,  first  rector  of  Christ's  cathedral  of  Montreal,  appointed  by  George  IV., 
and  the  grandmother  a  daughter  of  General  Christie,  who  was  commander  of 
the  city  of  Montreal  after  the  cession  of  Canada  to  Great  Britain  in  1763. 

George  Christie  Tunstall  pursued  his  education  at  Sparkman's  Academy  at 
Sorel  and  at  the  Lower  Canada  College  of  Montreal.  He  was  one  of  that  brave 
band  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  men  who  crossed  the  plains  to  British  North 
America  in  1862  and  settled  at  Cariboo,  where  for  a  number  of  years  he  was 
engaged  in  mining  on  Williams  creek.  He  was  appointed  government  agent  at 
Kamloops  in  December,  1879,  and  received  the  appointment  of  gold  commissioner 
for  the  Granite  Creek  gold  mines  in  1885.  Five  years  later  he  was  transferred 
to  the  West  Kootenay  district,  with  headquarters  at  Revelstoke,  from  which  place 
he  was  subsequently  sent  to  Kamloops.  He  was  also  gold  commissioner  for  the 
eastern  portion  of  the  Yale  district,  embracing  the  Yale,  Kamloops  and  Similka- 
meen  divisions,  which  contains  some  of  the  most  important  and  most  valuable 
mineral  deposits  in  British  Columbia.  He  was  likewise  an  assistant  commissioner 
of  lands  and  works  and  a  stipendiary  magistrate  for  the  province.  His  duties 
were  thus  of  an  important  character  in  connection  with  the  natural  resources 
of  the  country  and  in  all  he  discharged  the  tasks  devolving  upon  him  in  most 
capable,  creditable  manner.  As  a  pioneer  settler  he  knew  the  entire  history  of 
this  section  of  the  west  and  was  familiar  with  the  different  phases  of  pioneer 
life.  Some  humorous  stories  are  told  of  Mr.  Tunstall  in  the  early  days  of  mining 
in  the  Cariboo.  His  close  friend  and  companion  of  many  years,  the  late  Archie 
McNaughton,  related  how  one  night  he  returned  to  their  cabin  at  midnight  with 
a  sack  of  potatoes,  and  so  elated  was  Mr.  Tunstall  that  he  got  out  of  bed  even 
at  the  midnight  hour  and  cooked  a  potful  of  the  tubers.  Potatoes  were  a  great 
luxury  in  those  days  and  not  always  to  be  had,  even  at  a  hundred  dollars  per 
sack,  the  price  Mr.  McNaughton  had  paid  for  them.  On  one  occasion,' when  the 
party  were  on  the  verge  of  starvation,  they  slaughtered  an  old  horse  for  food, 
but  Mr.  Tunstall  was  found  toasting  a  piece  of  lariat  rope,  saying  that  he  pre- 
ferred to  eat  it  in  preference  to  horse  flesh,  and  actually  did  so  to  appease  his 
hunger.  After  partaking  of  this  choice  morsel  he  made  the  philosophical  remark 
that  he  could  understand  now  and  cease  to  be  surprised  at  Esau  selling  his  birth- 
right for  a  mess  of  pottage.  Mr.  Tunstall,  however,  lived  to  witness  great  changes 
as  the  country  became  settled  and  the  work  of  improvement  was  carried  steadily 
forward,  producing  a  marked  transformation  in  this  western  country. 

In  1865  Mr  Tunstall  was  married  to  Miss  Annie  Morgan,  who  died  in  1873, 
leaving  two  children,  George  Christie  and  Charles  Augustus.  George  C.  Tun- 
stall was  born  in  1867  and  attended  Ottawa  University,  from  which  he  graduated 
in  188^  In  1887  he  came  to  British  Columbia,  locating  in  Vancouver,  where 
he  assisted  in  organizing  the  Standard  Explosives  Company  Limited,  and  the 
Western  Explosives  Company,  Limited,  the  head  offices  of  which  were  in  Mon- 


1084  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

treal.  These  two  companies  were  later  purchased  by  the  Canadian  Explosives, 
Limited.  Mr.  Tunstall  is  a  member  of  the  western  board  and  as  such  occupies 
an  influential  position  in  this  mammoth  concern,  the  business  of  which  extends 
to  all  parts  of  the  Dominion.  The  Canadian  Explosives,  Limited,  is  associated 
with  the  Dupont  &  Debell  Company  of  Glasgow,  Scotland.  In  March,  1911,  Mr. 
Tunstall  was  married  to  Miss  Marguerite  Duchesnay,  a  daughter  of  Charles  L. 
Duchesnay,  of  Montreal,  and  their  home  is  at  Shaughnessy  Heights.  Mr.  Tun- 
stall is  one  of  the  foremost  business  men  of  Vancouver  and  also  prominent  in 
club  life,  being  a  member  of  the  Vancouver  and  Terminal  City  Clubs. 

Dr.  Charles  A.  Tunstall  was  born  in  1869  and  received  his  preliminary  educa- 
tion in  the  common  schools  of  eastern  Canada.  He  then  attended  the  Jesuit 
College,  the  Ottawa  University  and  that  of  McGill,  there  completing  his  profes- 
sional education  by  graduation.  Soon  thereafter  he  came  to  British  Columbia 
and  has  taken  high  place  among  the  professional  men  of  the  province.  He  is 
married  to  Miss  Allie  Bowron. 

Their  father  passed  to  his  final  rest  on  the  6th  of  January,  1911,  in  the  town 
which  he  loved  so  well  and  where  he  was  greatly  beloved  and  honored.  He  was 
an  adherent  of  the  Church  of  England.  He  was  a  ready  writer  and  speaker  and 
a  most  courtly  gentleman.  He  was  a  man  of  strong  character,  yet  possessed  a 
most  charitable  disposition,  and  his  broad  humanitarian  spirit  was  manifest  in  the 
assistance  which  he  gave  to  the  needy.  Generous  to  a  fault,  he  was  respected 
by  all  in  the  Cariboo.  His  record  forms  an  interesting  chapter  in  connection  with 
the  history  of  that  district  and  deserves  a  prominent  place  in  the  annals  of  the 
history  of  British  Columbia. 


JOHN  RAYMOND. 

Success  attained  by  enterprising  and  honorable  methods  in  former  years  now 
enables  John  Raymond  to  live  retired.  He  makes  his  home  in  Victoria,  where 
for  a  long  period  he  figured  prominently  in  industrial  and  commercial  circles. 
He  was  born  on  the  island  of  Guernsey,  June  22,  1843,  a  son  of  Augustine  and 
Dinah  (Head)  Raymond.  The  father  was  the  owner  of  a  paper  mill  and  also 
of  stone  quarries.  Both  he  and  his  wife  are  deceased. 

John  Raymond  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  place,  but  his 
opportunities  were  somewhat  limited,  owing  to  the  fact  that  he  left  school  at 
the  age  of  eleven  years  to  work  with  his  father  in  the  quarries.  He  was  thus 
employed  for  a  decade  when  he  started  out  independently.  Leaving  home,  he 
made  his  way  to  Toronto  and  after  a  short  time  removed  to  London,  Ontario, 
where  he  became  connected  with  the  lime  business.  He  began  working  for 
Robert  Summers  for  a  low  wage.  The  place  was  sold  three  times  while  he 
worked  there,  and  each  time  it  was  made  a  condition  of  the  sale  that  he  remain. 
By  frugal  and  careful  management  he  saved  a  considerable  sum  and  finally,  in 
connection  with  Mr.  Skuse,  he  purchased  the  business,  which  he  conducted  for 
three  years.  At  the  end  of  that  time,  because  of  a  disagreement  with  his  partner, 
he  sold  his  interest  at  a  great  sacrifice.  He  then  determined  to  come  to  the  coast 
and  by  way  of  San  Francisco  reached  Victoria  in  1886.  Seeing  opportunities 
in  his  own  line  of  business  he  visited  several  localities  in  search  of  limestone,  both 
on  the  island  and  on  the  mainland,  and  finally  located  at  the  place  known  as 
Raymond's  Crossing.  There  he  established  a  business  in  a  small  way.  At  that 
time  there  were  several  engaged  in  the  lime  business,  but  Mr.  Raymond's  enter- 
prising and  progressive  methods  enabled  him  to  develop  his  trade  to  such  an 
extent  that  he  was  able  to  buy  out  his  competitors.  It  is  true  that  he  encountered 
many  difficulties  and  hardships,  but  he  overcame  all  obstacles  by  persistent 
effort  and  at  length  received  the  reward  of  his  earnest  and  persistent  labor. 

Irt  order  to  buy  out  some  of  his  competitors  he  was  forced  to  borrow  money 
at  twelve  per  cent  interest,  but  he  succeeded  in  discharging  all  of  his  indebtedness 


JOHN  RAYMOND 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1087 

and  in  placing  his  enterprise  upon  a  profitable  basis.  He  supplied  lime  for  all 
building  purposes  in  Vancouver,  Victoria,  New  Westminster  and  many  places  on 
the  mainland.  He  also  entered  into  an  agreement  with  brick  manufacturers  to 
take  over  and  market  their  product  at  eight  dollars  per  thousand.  Previous  to 
this  agreement  they  were  getting  but  five  dollars  per  thousand.  Mr.  Raymond 
was  successful  in  this  project  and  had  entire  control  of  the  brick  market  for  the 
following  three  years. 

He  controlled  the  market  on  lime  and  brick  and  built  up  a  business  of  mam- 
moth proportions.  At  length,  contented  with  the  success  which  was  his,  he  dis- 
posed of  his  business  in  1911  to  Evans.  Coleman  &  Evans.  He  had  been  fortunate 
in  securing  water  frontage  on  which  he  had  built  his  wharfs.  These  he  sold 
to  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  at  a  handsome  price.  He  still  retains  what  is 
known  as  the  Far  wharfs,  which  he  owns  in  connection  with  the  cement  company. 

In  1867,  Mr.  Raymond  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Donnelly,  a  daughter  of 
James  and  Mary  (Doyle)  Donnelly,  natives  of  the  isle  of  Jersey,  who  are  deceased. 
Mrs.  Raymond  passed  away  in  1903.  In  the  family  were  two  sons,  one  of  whom  is 
deceased,  and  four  daughters.  The  surviving  son,  Percy  Augustine,  now  manages 
his  father's  business  affairs. 

Mr.  Raymond  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  he  is  affiliated  with 
the  United  Workmen.  In  politics  he  is  a  conservative.  He  greatly  enjoys  fishing, 
and  travel  has  also  been  one  of  his  chief  sources  of  recreation.  He  makes  his 
home  at  No.  419  Belleville  street.  For  twenty-seven  years  he  has  lived  in  Vic- 
toria and  has  acquired  considerable  property.  He  has  seen  wonderful  changes 
during  this  period  and  he  is  greatly  and  helpfully  interested  in  the  welfare  and 
upbuilding  of  the  city  and  all  who  know  him  speak  of  him  in  terms  of  high 
regard.  It  is  difficult  to  believe  that  he  has  reached  the  age  of  three  score  years 
and  ten,  for  he  seems  a  man  of  much  younger  age.  His  has  been  an  active  and 
useful  life,  wrought  with  results,  and  he  enjoys  the  respect  and  esteem  of  those 
with  whom  he  has  been  brought  in  contact. 


ALBERT  EDWARD  KELLINGTON. 

A  popular  citizen  and  a  man  of  recognized  capability  in  various  directions  is 
Albert  Edward  Kellington,  senior  partner  of  the  firm  of  Kellington  &  Hendry, 
real-estate  brokers  and  insurance  agents  of  New  Westminster.  He  was  born 
at  Listowel,  Ontario,  on  the  24th  of  May,  1874,  a  son  of  William  and  Maria 
(Andrew)  Kellington,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Ontario.  The  father  was 
reared  to  farm  life  and  adopted  that  occupation  on  reaching  man's  estate,  being 
actively  engaged  in  general  agricultural  pursuits  up  to  the  time  of  his  retire- 
ment in  1897,  when  he  took  up  his  abode  in  Listowel,  where  he  spent  his  remain- 
ing days  in  the  enjoyment  of  well  earned  rest  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
in  1902  when  he  was  seventy-five  years  of  age.  He  was  a  strong  liberal  in  his 
political  belief  and  an  active  worker  in  support  of  the  party.  His  widow  still 
survives  and  now  resides  with  her  youngest  daughter,  Maud,  in  Elkhart,  Indiana. 

Albert  Edward  Kellington  spent  his  youthful  days  in  his  father's  home  and 
he  secured  his  education  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  Listowel,  in  the  Strat- 
ford Model  School  and  Ottawa  Normal  School,  successively  attending  these 
institutions.  He  afterward  engaged  in  teaching  for  one  year  in  Huron  county, 
Ontario,  and  then  started  westward,  making  his  way  to  Neepawa,  Manitoba, 
where  he  engaged  in  teaching  for  seven  years.  He  then  abandoned  the  profession 
and,  opening  an  office  at  that  place,  represented  the  Sun  Life  Insurance  Com- 
pany, of  which  he  also  became  a  representative  upon  the  road.  The  growing 
western  city  of  New  Westminster  attracted  him  in  1907  and  he  came  to  British 
Columbia,  where  he  has  since  made  his  home.  For  two  and  a  half  years  he 
worked  for  the  Dominion  Trust  Company  and  in  the  spring  of  1910  embarked  in 


1088  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

business  on  his  own  account,  opening  a  real-estate  and  insurance  agency.  He 
has  since  been  identified  with  both  lines  of  business  and  in  March,  1911,  he 
formed  a  partnership  with  R.  D.  Hendry.  They  conduct  a  successful  real-estate 
and  insurance  business,  having  now  a  large  clientage,  and  none  is  better  informed 
concerning  property  values  or  the  real-estate  market.  They  have  negotiated 
many  important  realty  transfers  and  the  insurance  department  of  their  business 
is  likewise  large  and  growing. 

In  December,  1899,  Mn  Kellington  was  married  to  Miss  Lillian  ,M.  Hamilton, 
of  Neepawa,  Manitoba,  and  they  now  have  three  children,  a  daughter  and  two 
sons,  Gwen,  Joseph  H.  and  Harold  A.  Mr.  Kellington  belongs  to  Neepawa  Lodge, 
No.  16,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  and  is  a  prominent  Mason,  holding  membership  in  King 
Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17,  A.  F.  &  A  M;  Westminster  Chapter,  No  124,  R.  A.  M. ; 
Preceptory  Commandery,  No.  56,  K.  T. ;  and  Gizeh  Temple,  A.  A.  O.  N.  M.  S. 
He  likewise  belongs  to  Granite  Ix>dge,  No.  16,  K.  P.,  and  to  the  Westminster 
Club,  Burnaby  Lake  Country  Club  and  to  the  Westminster  Progressive  Club. 
Politically  he  is  a  liberal  and  is  now  a  member  of  the  city  council  and  chairman 
of  the  finance  committee.  He  is  the  council's  representative  on  the  license  com- 
missioners board  and  also  of  the  hospital  board,  and  in  the  discharge  of  all  his 
duties  in  these  connections  manifests  a  public-spirited  devotion  to  the  general 
good.  That  he  enjoys  the  confidence  of  New  Westminster  is  shown  by  the  fact 
that  he  was  unanimously  elected  acting  mayor  during  Mayor  Gray's  absence  in 
the  east  this  year.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  church  and  they 
are  well  known  in  New  Westminster  where  warm  regard  is  entertained  for  them, 
the  part  which  Mr.  Kellington  has  taken  in  business,  political  and  fraternal 
circles  making  him  a  well  known  and  popular  resident  of  New  Westminster. 


JOHN  COOPER  McFARLANE. 

John  Cooper  McFarlane,  who  is  serving  his  fourth  term  as  reeve  of  the 
municipality  of  Maple  Ridge  being  elected  by  acclamation  each  time,  has  for 
fifteen  years  been  engaged  in  light  farming  in  the  vicinity  of  Hammond,  where 
he  owns  ten  acres  of  fertile  and  well  improved  land.  His  birth  occurred  in  Nova 
Scotia  on  the  i6th  of  January,  1860,  his  parents  being  Donald  and  Hannah 
(Waugh)  McFarlane.  They  are  still  living  and  continue  to  make  their  home  in 
Nova  Scotia,  where  last  year  they  celebrated  their  golden  wedding. 

The  boyhood  and  youth  of  John  Cooper  McFarlane  were  passed  in  the  quiet 
and  uneventful  routine  characteristic  of  life  in  the  rural  sections.  His  education 
was  obtained  in  the  district  schools,  which  he  attended  until  he  was  sixteen.  He 
then  terminated  his  student  days  and  took  a  man's  place  in  his  father's  fields, 
devoting  his  entire  time  and  attention  to  the  cultivation  of  the  home  place  for 
six  years.  When  he  was  twenty-two,  he  left  the  parental  roof  and  started  out  for 
himself.  For  a  year  thereafter  he  engaged  in  railroading  in  Canada,  but  at  the 
end  of  that  period  he  went  to  the  United  States,  settling  in  Wisconsin.  He  resided 
there  until  1891,  when  he  came  to  Vancouver,  obtaining  employment  with  a 
bridge  construction  crew  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  Company.  He  fol- 
lowed that  occupation  for  six  years  and  then  came  to  Hammond  where  he  has 
ever  since  made  his  home.  For  the  past  three  years  he  has  worked  for  the  provin- 
cial government  in  bridge  work  and  ha,s  been  foreman  of  the  Dominion  pile  driv- 
ing outfit. 

Hammond  was  the  scene  of  the  marriage  of  Mr.  McFarlane  on  the  3Oth  of 
September,  1896,  to  Miss  Mary  Mclvor.  She  is  a  native  of  New  Westminster  and 
a  daughter  of  John  and  Catherine  Mclvor,  pioneer  residents  of  this  province, 
where  the  mother  still  makes  her  home.  The  father  who  died  in  May,  1913,  was 
one  of  the  first  employes  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  sent  to  British  Columbia. 
To  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McFarlane  there  have  been  born  eight  children,  as  follows: 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1089 

Donald  J.,  and  Anna  C,  both  of  whom  have  passed  high  school  entrance  exam- 
inations ;  Erne  M. ;  Charles  A. ;  Mary  E. ;  Jean  C. ;  Grace ;  and  George  E. 

Fraternally  Mr.  McFarlane  is  a  Mason  and  also  a  member  of  the  Ancient 
Order  of  United  Workmen,  while  he  gives  his  political  support  to  the  conservative 
party.  He  takes  a  progressive  yet  practical  view  of  those  questions  affecting 
the  development  of  the  country  and  the  welfare  of  its  citizens,  and  enthusiasti- 
cally supports  every  movement  he  feels  will  promote  the  advancement  of  the 
municipality.  As  a  public  official  he  is  efficient  and  competent,  meeting  the  respon- 
sibilities of  his  position  in  a  manner  highly  satisfactory  to  his  constituency  and 
the  municipality  at  large,  as  is  evidenced  by  the  long  period  of  his  incumbency. 


WILLIAM  BLAIR  ROBERTSON. 

William  Blair  Robertson,  who  has  resided  in  British  Columbia  for. the  past 
seventeen  years,  has  since  1905  devoted  his  attention  to  business  along  the  lines  of 
insurance,  mining  and  real  estate  and  maintains  his  offices  at  No.  620  Columbia 
street  in  New  Westminster.  His  birth  occurred  at  Belleville,  Ontario,  in  1871, 
his  parents  being  James  and  Amelia  (Nielson)  Robertson.  The  father  had  charge 
of  the  business  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  at  Portage  la  Prairie  from  1882 
until  1905. 

William  Blair  Robertson  obtained  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  Portage  la  Prairie  and  afterward  continued  his  studies  in  a  private  college 
of  that  place.  In  1896,  when  a  young  man  of  twenty-five  years,  he  came  to 
British  Columbia  and  remained  in  charge  of  the  office  of  the  Columbia  River 
Lumber  Company  at  Beaver  Mouth  and  Golden  until  1905.  In  that  year  he 
embarked  in  business  on  his  own  account  along  the  lines  of  insurance,  mining 
and  real  estate  and  has  since  conducted  operations  in  these  fields  continuously 
with  gratifying  success.  He  spent  much  time  and  money  in  developing  the  min- 
ing resources  of  the  Revelstoke  district  and  still  holds  extensive  interests  in  placer 
and  quartz  mines  of  the  district. 

On  the  ist  of  June,  1912,  in  Vancouver,  Mr.  Robertson  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Harriet  Hanam  of  Gloucester,  England.  Their  home  is  at  No. 
47  Agnes  street  in  New  Westminster.  Mr.  Robertson  gains  needed  recreation  in 
fishing,  hunting  and  boating,  greatly  enjoying  outdoor  life  and  sports.  The 
salient  characteristics  of  his  manhood  are  such  as  have  brought  him  the  warm 
regard  of  those  with  whom  he  has  been  associated  in  both  business  and  social 
relations. 


EDGAR  HUGH  SANDS. 

.  Edgar  Hugh  Sands,  prominently  connected  with  business  interests  of  New 
Westminster  as  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  White,  Shiles  &  Company,  real  estate 
and  insurance,  was  born  in  Kent,  England,  February  9,  1874.  He  is  a  son  of 
Edward  and  Marion  Kate  Sands,  the  former  a  prosperous  fruit  grower  in  his 
native  country,  his  home  in  England  being  known  as  the  Fruit  Plantation. 

Edgar  Hugh  Sands  acquired  his  education  in  the  grammar  schools  of  Kent 
and  at  the  early  age  of  thirteen  was  left  an  orphan  and  obliged  to  earn  his  own 
livelihood.  Since  that  time  he  has  been  dependent  upon  his  own  resources  and 
his  career  furnishes  an  excellent  example  of  the  value  of  self-reliance,  independ- 
ence and  determination.  His  first  occupation  was  as  clerk  in  a  real-estate  office 
in  England  and  he  thus  first  became  familiar  with  the  details  of  the  business  in, 
which  he  is  now  engaged.  He  continued  active  in  it  until  1896,  when  he  crossed 
the  Atlantic  to  Canada,  making  his  first  location  here  in  New  Westminster,  Brit- 
ish Columbia.  He  found  employment  as  a  farm  laborer  and  was  afterward 


1090  ,  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

engaged  as  a  section  hand  on  a  railroad.  Eventually  he  turned  his  attention  to 
journalism,  joining  his  three  brothers  in  this  occupation.  He  became  a  member 
of  the  staff  of  the  News  Advertiser,  one  of  the  leading  papers  in  Vancouver,  and 
continued  this  connection  for  a  number  of  years,  proving  himself  a  resourceful, 
and  enterprising  journalist.  He  rose  to  be  city  editor  and  afterward,  on  account 
of  his  impaired  health,  was  made  manager  of  the  advertising  department.  It 
was  during  the  period  of  his  connection  with  the  News  Advertiser  that  he  reported 
the  great  fire  in  New  Westminster,  making  the  journey  from  Vancouver  on  a 
bicycle  and  sending  out  the  dispatches  to  the  Associated  Press.  He  also  for  a 
time  had  charge  of  the  Associated  Press  dispatches  from  Vancouver.  He  returned 
to  New  Westminster  from  Vancouver  and  was  for  several  years  in  the  news- 
paper field  here.  In  1908  he  abandoned  his  connection  with  journalism  and 
turned  his  attention  to  the  real-estate  business,  joining  the  firm  of  White,  Shiles 
&  Company,  dealers  in  real  estate  and  insurance.  This  is  one  of  the  strong  firms 
of  this  kind  in  the  community  and  it  controls  an  important  and  growing  patron- 
age, much  of  its  success  being  due  to  Mr.  Sands'  business  enterprise,  industry 
and  initiative  spirit. 

(Mr.  Sands  married  Miss  Whilaminna  Hawkins,  a  daughter  of  J.  C.  and 
Maria  Hawkins,  of  St.  Thomas,  Ontario.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sands  have  three  chil- 
dren.: Langlois,  who  is  attending  public  school;  Frances;  and  Dorothy.  The 
family  residence  is  at  515  Twelfth  street.  Mr.  Sands,  fraternally,  is  connected 
with  the  Masonic  order  and  the  Sons  of  England  and  he  is  identified  with  the 
general  business  life  of  the  city  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade.  Although 
not  active  as  a  politician,  he  takes  a  deep  and  intelligent  interest  in  the  advance- 
ment and  progress  of  the  community  and  at  all  times  does  everything  in  his  power 
to  promote  development  along  many  lines.  He  is  a  leader  in  the  work  of  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Asociation  and  was  instrumental  in  establishing  this 
society  both  in  Vancouver  and  in  New  Westminster,  having  been  a  director  in 
both  associations.  He  is  a  man  of  exemplary  character  and  varied  interests  and 
his  activities,  which  have  been  largely  of  an  unselfish  kind,  have  been  important 
forces  in  the  expansion  and  growth  of  the  city. 


LEWIS    KING. 

Long  connected  with  the  active  operation  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  as  fireman 
and  engineer,  Lewis  King  is  now  living  retired  at  Vancouver,  his  judicious  invest- 
ments in  real  estate  gaining  him  a  place  among  the  men  of  affluence  in  this  city. 
He  was  born  in  Wallace,  Nova  Scotia,  January  9,  1856,  and  is  a  son  of  David  and 
Elizabeth  (Dixon)  King,  both  of  whom  were  natives  of  Nova  Scotia  but  are 
now  deceased. 

In  the  common  schools  of  his  native  province  Lewis  King  pursued  his  educa- 
tion to  the  age  of  sixteen  years,  when  he  left  home  and  went  to  Boston,  where 
he  remained  for  five  years,  there  working  at  the  carpenter's  trade.  About  the 
time  he  attained  his  majority  he  went  west  to  Colorado,  where  there  was  great 
excitement  concerning  the  discovery  of  gold.  He  spent  some  time  at  Georgetown 
and  at  Leadville,  Colorado,  engaged  in  mining  and  afterward  went  to  Utah  and 
on  to  Butte  City,  Montana,  about  the  time  of  its  founding.  There  he  engaged 
in  mining  until  May,  1882,  when  he  proceeded  northward  to  Winnipeg,  reaching 
there  at  the  time  of  the  memorable  high  water.  There  he  accepted  a  position  as 
fireman  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad,  thus  making  his  initial  venture  in  con- 
nection with  railroad  service.  He  remained  with  the  company  for  about  twenty- 
eight  years,  or  until  1910.  He  was  employed  all  through  the  construction  period 
of  the  railroad,  acting  for  some  time  as  fireman  for  the  late  Robert  Mee,  of  Van- 
couver. He  was  thus  engaged  all  through  the  period  of  track  laying  across  the 
mountains,  following  the  road  as  the  tracks  were  laid  and  spending  about  eighteen 
months  as  fireman  on  engine  No.  148  which  met  the  construction  train  from  the 


LEWIS  KING 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1093 

west  as  Onderdonk  continued  his  work  eastward.  Mr.  King  was  present  at  the 
driving  of  the  last  spike  and  when  this  was  done  engine  No.  148  was  coupled  to 
the  official  train  and  taken  over  the  other  division  with  Mr.  Mee  as  engineer. 
He  thus  made  the  run  as  fireman  on  the  train  that  brought  the  officials  through 
to  Port  Moody,  which  was  the  terminus  of  the  track  at  that  time.  Mr.  King  was 
promoted  from  the  position  of  fireman  to  engineer  and  for  twenty-four  ^years 
acted  in  that  capacity  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway,  all  of  the  time  in  British 
Columbia,  running  for  about  twenty  years  out  of  Vancouver.  His  long  con- 
nection with  the  road  stands  as  incontrovertible  evidence  of  his  ability  and  loyalty. 
In  the  meantime  he  made  some  investments  in  property,  successfully  handling  his 
real  estate  until  the  increase  in  values  enabled  him  to  retire  in  1910. 

Mr.  King  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity  and  also  .of  the  Brotherhood 
of  Locomotive  Engineers.  While  regarding  Vancouver  as  his  home,  he  spends 
much  time  in  travel,  having  gone  around  the  world  and  made  various  trips  to 
Australia  and  other  foreign  points.  His  life  history  contains  many  interesting 
experiences  which  have  come  to  him  in  connection  with  his  railroad  service  and 
his  travel  abroad. 


JOHN  PARKIN. 

One  of  the  best  known  citizens  of  Nanaimo  is  John  Parkin,  chief  of  the  fire 
department,  in  which  capacity  he  has  given  efficient  service  for  fifteen  years. 
He  is  a  native  of  this  city,  his  birth  having  occurred  on  the  4th  of  February,  1867, 
and  a  son  of  William  and  Elza  (Malpass)  Parkin.  The  father,  who  was  born 
and  reared  in  Durham,  England,  emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  his  early  man- 
hood. He  first  located  in  Pennsylvania,  where  he  was  employed  in  the  coal 
mines.  From  there  he  subsequently  went  to  California,  whence  he  later  came  to 
British  Columbia,  spending  some  time  in  Cariboo.  His  next  removal  was  to 
Nanaimo,  and  here  he  worked  in  the  coal  mines  until  he  had  the  misfortune 
to  lose  his  sight,  this  calamity  having  befallen  him  some  thirty-five  years  prior 
to  his  death.  His  wife  is  still  living  and  makes  her  home  in  Comox. 

The  earliest  recollections  of  John  Parkin  are  associated  with  Nanaimo,  where 
he  has  passed  his  entire  life,  his  education  having  been  acquired  in  the  public 
schools.  Upon  attaining  the  age  of  seventeen  years  he  became  self-supporting, 
his  first  position  being  in  one  of  the  local  grocery  stores.  Later  he  engaged  in 
teaming,  following  this  occupation  until  about  eighteen  years  ago,  when  he  joined 
the  fire  department.  He  early  manifested  qualities  which  marked  him  for  pro- 
motion, and  soon  became  an  officer  in  the  department,  being  advanced  to  the 
rank  of  chief  at  the  end  of  three  years'  service.  He  is  in  every  way  well  quali- 
fied to  meet  the  duties  and  responsibilities  of  this  position  as  he  has  ably  mani- 
fested on  innumerable  occasions,  being  absolutely  fearless,  steady  of  nerve  and 
resourceful.  Added  to  these  excellent  qualities  is  a  keen  mentality,  alertness  and 
faculty  of  fully  recognizing  the  needs  of  a  situation  and  the  ability  to  quickly 
decide  on  the  best  line  of  action.  Without  doubt,  however,  his  greatest  gift  is 
his  ability  to  stimulate  those  working  under  him  to  at  all  times  put  forth  their 
best  efforts,  summoning  to  their  aid  renewed  zeal  and  enthusiasm  in  the  face  of 
the  most  apparent  defeat.  During  the  long  period  of  his  service  as  head  of  the 
department  he  has  directed  his  men  in  fighting  some  of-  the  biggest  fires  which 
have  occurred  in  this  section  of  British  Columbia,  including  the  one  at  the  pit 
head  and  that  of  the  Haslam  mill.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  relief  party 
which  carried  supplies  to  the  refugees  of  the  New  Westminster  fire. 

Mr.  Parkin  married  Miss  Rose  Hilbert  of  Nanaimo  and  to  them  has  been 
born  one  daughter,  Violet  Amelia,  who  is  now  eight  years  of  age. 

The  fraternal  relations  of  Mr.  Parkin  are  confined  to  his  membership  in  the 
Knights  of  Pythias  and  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose.  Having  passed  his  entire 
life  in  this  immediate  vicinity  he  has  been  an  interested  observer  of  the  mar- 


1094  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

velous  growth  and  development  of  the  country,  having  witnessed  large  tracts 
of  the  country  transformed  from  a  wilderness  into  one  of  the  richest  and  most 
productive  agricultural  sections  of  the  northwest.  Mr.  Parkin  took  a  trip  to 
Port  Moody  on  the  first  train  run  on  the  lines  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad, 
and  he  vividly  remembers  when  only  a  sawmill  marked  the  site  of  the  present 
city  of  Vancouver. 


LEWIS  GRIFFITH  McPHILLIPS,  K.  C. 

Lewis  Griffith  McPhillips,  a  prominent  representative  of  that  profession  which 
has  long  been  regarded  as  the  conservator  of  human  rights  and  liberties,  has  been 
a  resident  of  Vancouver  since  1888  and  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia 
in  1890.  He  was  born  at  Richmond  Hill,  York  county,  Ontario,  March  12,  1859, 
and  is  a  son  of  George  and  .Mary  (Lavin)  McPhillips,  both  of  whom  were 
natives  of  Ireland.  The  mother  was  brought  to  Canada  in  her  childhood  by  her 
parents,  who  settled  in  York  county.  George  McPhillips  learned  surveying  in 
Ireland  and  for  several  years  practiced  his  profession  there.  While  still  a  young 
man  he  came  to  the  new  world,  settling  in  Toronto,  Ontario.  He  made  his  home 
there  for  several  years  and  then  resided  in  Richmond  Hill.  He  made  the  first  sur- 
vey, under  J.  S.  Dennis,  secretary-general  of  the  Dominion,  of  what  then  was  York. 
From  Ontario  he  went  in  the  late  '6os  to  Manitoba  with  the  first  surveying  party 
that  entered  that  province  after  the  Riel  rebellion.  The  remainder  of  his  life  was 
spent  in  that  province,  his  home  being  in  Winnipeg  and  St.  Charles.  He  passed 
away  in  Manitoba  at  the  age  of  sixty-eight  years  and  his  wife  died  in  St.  Charles 
in  her  eighty-sixth  year.  In  the  family  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  McPhillips  were, 
beside  our  subject,  the  following:  Albert  Edward,  president  of  the  executive 
council  of  the  province;  Francis  X.,  a  well  known  surgeon  of  Vancouver;  and  two 
other  sons,  both  surveyors,  following  that  business  in  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  where 
one  of  them,  George,  had  the  honor  of  making  the  first  survey  of  the  city,  all  maps 
of  which  bear  his  name. 

Lewis  G.  McPhillips  spent  one  year  as  a  student  in  St.  Boniface  College  and 
completed  his  more  specifically  literary  course  in  Manitoba  College.  He  was  but 
fourteen  years  of  age  at  the  time  of  the  removal  of  the  family  to  the  west  so 
that  almost  the  entire  period  of  his  youth  was  passed  in  Manitoba.  He  entered 
upon  the  study  of  law  with  the  firm  of  Bain  &  Blanchard,  which  later  became 
Bain,  Blanchard  &  McCall,  the  third  partner  afterward  becoming  Chief  Justice 
McCall.  In  1883  Mr.  McPhillips  was  called  to  the  bar  of  Manitoba  and  imme- 
diately entered  upon  the  active  practice  of  his  chosen  profession,  forming  a  part- 
nership with  his  brother,  who  is  now  the  Hon.  A.  McPhillips  of  Victoria.  After 
a  few  years  this  partnership  was  discontinued  and  L.  G.  McPhillips  joined  A.  E. 
Wilkes  in  a  partnership  that  was  maintained  until  1888,  when  Mr.  McPhillips 
removed  from  Manitoba  to  Vancouver.  He  was  called  to  the  bar  of  British 
Columbia  in  the  spring  of  1890  and  soon  afterward  became  associated  in  practice 
with  Adolphus  Williams,  with  whom  he  continued  until  March,  1905.  Following 
the  dissolution  of  that  partnership  the  firm  of  McPhillips  &  Larsen  was  organized 
and  later  they  were  joined  by  a  third  partner  under  the  style  of  McPhillips,  Tif- 
fen  &  Larsen.  Mr.  McPhillips  is  now  associated  in  practice  with  H.  S.  Wood  and 
by  the  consensus  of  public  opinion  is  acknowledged  one  of  the  foremost  members 
of  the  British  Columbia  bar.  He  has  been  counsel  for  the  British  Columbia  Elec- 
tric Railway  Company  since  its  organization  and  acts  in  that  capacity  for  various 
other  important  corporations.  During  the  quarter  of  a  century  of  his  practice 
here  he  has  been  connected  with  much  important  litigation  tried  in  the  courts  of 
the  province  and  has  given  practical  demonstration  of  his  ability  to  handle  impor- 
tant law  problems.  He  was  appointed  a  Dominion  king's  counsel  in  1892  and 
afterward  was  made  provincial  king's  counsel.  For  the  past  twenty  years  he  has 
been  a  bencher  of  the  Law  Society  of  British  Columbia  and  his  standing  in  the 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1095 

profession  is  further  indicated  by  the  fact  that  he  was  for  five  years  honored  with 
the  presidency  of  the  Vancouver  Bar  Association  and  in  December,  1912,  was 
again  elected  to  that  office,  in  which  he  is  now  serving. 

In  Vancouver  Mr.  McPhillips  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  E.  L.  Rogers, 
a  native  of  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Mrs.  McPhillips  is  deeply  interested  in 
various  activities  which  have  to  do  with  the  social  interests,  with  civic  problems 
and  with  projects  instituted  for  the  public  good.  She  holds  membership  in  the 
Anti-Tuberculosis  Society,  in  which  she  is  an  earnest  worker.  She  belongs  to 
the  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf  and  Jericho  Country  Clubs  and  also  to  the  Geor- 
gian Club.  Mr.  McPhillips  is  also  a  member  of  the  Shaughnessy  Heights  Golf 
and  Jericho  Country  Clubs  and,  moreover,  belongs  to  the  Vancouver  Club  and  to 
the  Union  Club  of  Victoria.  He  acts  as  one  of  the  governors  of  the  University 
of  British  Columbia.  His  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Catholic  church,  and  his 
political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party,  yet  he  has  never  been 
active  in  politics.  His  attention  has  been  concentrated  upon  his  profession  and 
his  leisure  time  has  been  devoted  to  public  interests  outside  of  politics  or  to  social 
interests,  which  prove  a  recreative  feature  in  his  life. 


JOHN  HENRY  LAITY. 

Diversified  farming,  dairying  and  stock-raising  successfully  engage  the  ener- 
gies of  John  Henry  Laity,  who  owns  an  attractive  ranch  of  two  hundred  and 
sixty  acres  at  Maple  Ridge.  His  residence  in  Hammond  covers  a  period  of 
thirty-four  years,  during  the  greater  portion  of  which  time  he  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  official  life  of  the  community,  and  is  now  the  incumbent  of  the 
office  of  police  magistrate.  Mr.  Laity  was  born  in  Cornwall,  England,  on  the 
I7th  of  June,  1854,  and  is  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Honour  (Rodgers)  Laity,  both 
of  whom  are  now  deceased. 

The  early  years  in  the  life  of  John  Henry  Laity  were  passed  in  the  land  of 
his  nativity,  his  education  being  acquired  in  the  schools  there.  At  the  age  of 
fourteen  years  he  terminated  his  student  days  and  began  fitting  himself  for 
the  heavier  duties  of  life.  During  the  first  two  years  he  worked  as  wheel  rack- 
ing apprentice,  and  then  followed  various  occupations  until  he  was  eighteen,  at 
which  time,  1873,  he  left  England,  taking  passage  for  the  United  States:  He 
went  direct  to  Colorado  and  there  followed  mining  until  1879,  when  he  came  to 
Maple  Ridge.  Upon  his  arrival  here  he  purchased  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of 
land  and  turned  his  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits,  which  he  has  ever  since 
followed  with  a  good  measure  of  success.  A  few  years  later  he  increased  his 
holdings  by  the  purchase  of  another  hundred  acres  of  government  land,  all  of 
which  he  has  brought  under  high  cultivation.  Mr.  Laity  is  an  enterprising  busi- 
ness man  of  progressive  methods,  as  is  evidenced  by  the  general  appearance  and 
condition  of  his  farm,  which  plainly  manifests  the  exercise  of  systematic  and 
competent  supervision  in  its  operation.  In  connection  with  his  diversified  farm- 
ing and  stock-raising  he  is  engaged  in  dairying,  milking  from  twenty-five  to 
thirty  cows  throughout  the  year.  His  place  is  well  improved  and  provided  with 
an  equipment  comprising  everything  essential  to  the  operation  of  a  modern  dairy 
farm.  He  takes  great  pride  in  his  ranch,  which  stands  as  a  monument  to  many 
years  of  intelligently  directed  energy  and  is  in  every  way  a  credit  to  his  well 
organized  and  capably  directed  activities.  More  than  average  prosperity  has 
attended  the  efforts  of  Mr.  Laity,  who  is  numbered  among  the  substantial  agri- 
culturists and  capable  business  men  of  the  community. 

In  Denver,  Colorado,  in  1878,  Mr.  Laity  was  married  to  Miss  Mary  Jane 
Pope,  a  daughter  of  Captain  James  and  Elizabeth  (Richards)  Pope,  of  Cornwall, 
England,  and  to  them  have  been  born  eight  children,  four  of  whom  are  living, 
as  follows:  Algeron,  John  Raymond,  Evelyn,  and  Thomas  Henry.  Those 
deceased  are  Mabel,  Evelyn,  Thomas  Henry  and  Lambert  Eugene. 


1096  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

The  family  attend  the  Methodist  Episcopal  church,  and  fraternally  Mr.  Laity 
is  affiliated  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  Knights  of  Pythias 
and  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen.  He  has-  always  taken  an  active  interest 
in  all  political  affairs,  giving  his  support  to  the  conservative  party,  and  has  been 
the  incumbent  of  a  local  office  during  the  greater  period  of  his  residence  here. 
He  was  for  twenty-five  years  justice  of  the  peace  and  he  served  as  reeve  for 
four  terms,  while  for  a  number  of  years  he  was  councillor.  He  was  also  for  many 
years  school  trustee  and  for  a  time  secretary  of  the  board.  The  sterling  integ- 
rity, sound  principles  and  straightforward,  honest  methods  which  distinguish 
his  business  transactions  have  always  characterized  the  official  career  of  Mr. 
Laity,  who  enjoys  the  respect  and  esteem  of  a  large  circle  of  acquaintances,  many 
of  whom  are  stanch  friends  of  long  years  standing. 


ANDREW  HENRY  MITCHELL. 

Among  the  younger  generation  of  business  men  in  Victoria  who  have  founded 
a  distinct  and  substantial  success  upon  untiring  energy,  enterprise  and  well  directed 
ambition  is  numbered  Andrew  Henry  Mitchell,  controlling  a  large  and  important 
trade  as  a  general  contractor  and  builder.  He  was  born  in  Aberdeenshire,  Scot- 
land, May  19,  1882,  and  is  the  fourth  son  in  a  family  of  seven  children  born  to 
James  and  Agnes  (Watson)  Mitchell,  also  natives  of  that  region,  where  both 
the  paternal  and  maternal  grandparents  of  the  subject  of  this  review  were  born. 
The  father  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1873  and  located  in  the  vicinity  of  Toronto, 
Ontario,  where  for  three  years  he  engaged  in  farming.  At  the  end  of  that  time 
he  returned  to  his  old  home  in  Scotland,  resuming  there  his  agricultural  pursuits. 

Andrew  Henry  Mitchell  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Aber- 
deenshire and  at  the  age  of  sixteen  laid  aside  his  books  and  for  two  years  there- 
after assisted  his  father  on  the  farm.  In  1900  he  began  learning  the  carpenter- 
ing and  building  trade  and  after  four  years  emigrated  to  Canada,  locating  in 
Toronto  in  1904.  He  followed  his  trade  there  for  a  short  time,  moving  later  to 
Calgary,  Alberta,  and  then  to  Regina,  Saskatchewan,  engaging  in  carpentering 
and  building  in  both  places.  In  July,  1907,  he  left  Regina  and  located  in  Victoria, 
where  he  established  himself  as  a  general  contractor  and  builder.  He  took  offices 
on  Fort  street,  moved  from  there  to  the  Pemberton  building  and  finally,  in  May, 
1913,  secured  his  present  offices  in  the  Sayward  building.  Acting  both  as  prin- 
cipal and  agent,  he  carries  on  a  general  contracting  and  building  business  and  has 
erected  a  great  many  of  the  large  business  structures  and  residences  in  the  city, 
a  number  of  which  he  designed  himself.  These  include  the  Morris  residence 
located  on  Beach  drive,  the  E.  D.  Grierson  house  on  Pemberton  road  and  the 
W.  W.  Blair  home  on  Beach  drive,  and  these  are  representative  of  the  class  and 
style  of  residential  structures  handled  by  Mr.  Mitchell.  He  erected  also  the 
Deans  block  on  Fort  street,  the  Haynes  block  and  the  Dominion  Bank  addition, 
as  well  as  many  other  of  the  most  important  business  structures  in  Victoria.  He 
also  builds  houses  on  lots  which  he  owns  himself,  selling  these  on  easy  install- 
ments, and  his  success  in  his  chosen  line  of  work  places  him  among  the  men  of 
marked  ability  and  substantial  worth  in  this  locality.  Aside  from  the  contracting 
and  building  business  he  is  financially  interested  in  several  of  the  most  important 
industrial  and  commercial  enterprises  in  Victoria  and  his  ability  is  recognized  and 
respected  in  business  circles. 

On  the  22d  of  March,  1911,  Mr.  Mitchell  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Edith  Thomson,  a  daughter  of  William  and  Emma  (Jennings)  Thomson,  the 
former  a  native  of  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  and  the  latter  of  Birmingham,  England. 
The  father  emigrated  to  Canada  in  1886  and  for  a  number  of  years  was  manager 
of  a  powder  company  at  Nanaimo,  Vancouver  island,  retaining  this  position  until 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  October,  1904.  His  wife  survives  him 
and  makes  her  home  in  Victoria. 


ANDREW  H.  MITCHELL 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1099 

Fraternally  Mr.  Mitchell  is  identified  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows  and  he  belongs  to  the  Builders  Exchange  and  the  Camosun  Club.  His 
political  allegiance  is  given  to  the  conservative  party  and  he  is  a  member  of  the 
local  conservative  association,  taking  an  active  interest  in  public  affairs  without 
being  active  as  an  office  seeker.  He  was  for  three  years  a  member  of  the  Second 
Battalion,  Gordon  Highlanders,  stationed  at  Aberdeenshire,  Scotland  He  and 
his  wife  are  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Presbyterian  church  and  are  well  known  in 
social  circles  of  the  city.  Mrs.  Mitchell  is  a  lover  of  flowers  and  spends  a  great 
deal  of  time  in  her  garden,  being  an  enthusiastic  horticulturist.  Mr.  Mitchell  is 
fond  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports  and  is  especially  interested  in  hunting  and 
motoring,  recreations  in  which  he  spends  many  of  his  leisure  hours.  Although 
still  a  young  man,  he  is  without  question  an  important  factor  in  the  business  life 
of  Victoria.  His  prosperity  has  come  as  the  result  of  close  application  and  thor- 
ough knowledge  of  his  special  line  of  work,  combined  with  up-to-date  and  hon- 
orable methods,  which  have  secured  for  him  the  confidence  and  respect  of  his 
associates  and  all  who  have  had  any  dealings  with  him.  Judged  by  his  past 
attainments,  his  future  is  promising  and  will  no  doubt  be  marked  by  continued 
progress  and  important  accomplishments. 


REV.   THOMAS  CROSBY,  D.  D. 

Rev.  Thomas  Crosby,  who  since  1907  has  lived  retired  in  Vancouver,  is  one 
of  those  zealous  servants  of  God  who  was  among  the  earliest  missionaries  to 
bring  to  the  savage  tribes  of  the  Pacific  coast  the  holy  word.  Landing  where  now 
stands  the  outer  sea  wall  of  Victoria,  April  n,  1862,  he  began  from  that  point 
and  journeyed  up  the  coast,  which  undertaking  resulted  in  the  establishment  of 
numerous  missions  devoted  to  the  education  of  the  red  man  and  to  enfold  him 
in  the  brotherhood  of  the  cross.  Braving  manifold  dangers,  Rev.  Crosby  traveled 
to  and  fro,  reaching  the  most  desolate  places  to  bring  the  word  of  God  to  those 
whom  he  considered  his  charges.  However  hard  he  was  tried  on  occasions  and 
however  discouraged  he  might  have  felt  at  times,  the  spirit  of  the  Christ  ever 
moved  him  to  renewed  effort,  and  the  splendid  spread  of  religion  among  the 
savage  tribes  must  largely  be  ascribed  to  his  indefatigable  labors. 

Rev.  Thomas  Crosby  was  born  in  Pickering,  Yorkshire,  England,  in  1840,  and 
in  1856  came  to  Canada  with  his  parents,  the  family  settling  near  Woodstock, 
Upper  Canada.  There  he  was  reared  and  received  an  education  that  prepared 
him  for  the  ministry.  Stirred  by  a  strong  missionary  zeal,  he  determined  early 
in  life  to  devote  all  his  efforts  to  the  savages  of  the  Pacific  coast,  a  country  which 
at  that  time  could  be  reached  only  by  way  of  New  York  and  the  isthmus  of 
Panama,  whence  steamers  could  bring  passengers  to  San  Francisco  and  from  there 
to  Victoria.  Heeding  the  voice  of  God,  which  bade  him  go  forth  and  spread  the 
gospel  among  the  red  men,  he  left  Woodstock,  February  5,  1862,  taking  passage 
on  board  the  old  steamship  Champion  to  the  isthmus  and  embarked  at  Panama 
on  the  ship  Golden  Age.  At  noon  on  April  n,  1862,  Rev.  Crosby  landed  by 
means  of  small  boats  where  the  outer  wharf  of  Victoria  has  since  been  built. 
Soon  after  arriving  he  took  up  the  work  to  which  he  felt  consecrated  and  in  the 
spring  of  1863  was  sent  to  Nanaimo  to  take  charge  of  an  Indian  school.  His 
first  difficulty  was  to  master  the  language,  but  he  soon  overcame  this  obstacle. 
Alternating  with  Rev.  Edward  White,  he  visited  the  different  points  of  the  east 
coast  of  Vancouver  island  from  Comox  to  Victoria  and  later  continued  the  work 
of  education  among  the  tribes  on  the  Nanaimo  and  Fraser  rivers.  Frequently 
he  made  trips  from  Nanaimo  to  Yale  in  a  dugout,  a  distance  of  three  hundred  and 
forty  miles.  In  his  yearly  journeys  he  traveled  on  an  average  of  two  thousand 
miles  annually  in  all  kinds  of  weather,  risking  life  and  limb  in  order  to  bring 
to  the  Indian  enlightment  and  Christianity.  In  his  missionary  journeys  he  also 
visited  the  west  coast  of  the  mainland,  preaching  to  the  Sechelts,  Squamish  and 

Vol.  Ill— 39 


1100  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

other-tribes  as  far  north  as  Cape  Mudge.  Laboring  under  the  greatest  difficulties, 
he  passed  through  a  terrible  smallpox  epidemic  which  carried  off  Indians  and 
whites  alike  by  the  thousand.  In  the  spring  of  1869  Rev.  Crosby  left  Nanaimo 
and  took  up  work  at  Chilliwack.  In  1871  the  late  Rev.  William  Morley  Punshon, 
D.  D.,  announced  to  Mr.  Crosby  that  his  ordination  was  near  and  he  accepted 
orders  in  April,  1871.  In  1872  he  left  by  the  steamer  Onward  for  Yale,  the 
head  of  navigation,  to  make  a  journey  through  the  vast  interior,  "the  Bunch 
Grass  Country,"  and  in  two  weeks  he  had  traveled  four  hundred  and  eighty-two 
miles  from  Yale  by  pony  and  on  foot,  preaching  both  in  English  and  Indian.  He 
returned  soon  thereafter,  laboring  in  all  twelve  years  as  a  missionary  between 
Yale  and  Victoria.  In  the  fall  of  1873  Rev.  Crosby  went  east  to  Ontario  to 
inspire  zeal  for  his  western  work  of  salvation  and  subsequently  made  on  different 
occasions  similar  visits  for  a  like  purpose.  After  his  return  in  1873  he  sought  a 
new  field,  going  north  to  Port  Simpson,  where  for  twenty-five  years  he  gave  his 
life  to  spreading  the  word  of  God.  Port  Simpson  was  his  central  point  and 
from  there  he  worked  north  and  south  along  the  coast — south  as  far  as  Queen 
Charlotte  Sound  and  north  along  the  Alaskan  coast  and  up  the  Skeena  and  Nass 
rivers,  traveling  by  canoe  and  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  boats.  He  established 
missions  all  along  the  coast  and  in  the  interior,  at  Hazelton,  also  along  the  North 
Nass  river,  building  thirty  churches  and  schoolhouses,  among  which  the  principal 
missions  were  at  Nass,  Port  Simpson,  Skeena,  Kitamat,  Bella  Bella,  Bella  Coola, 
and  at  China  Hat.  The  three  missions  on  the  Queen  Charlotte  islands  are  now 
united  under  the  name  of  Skidegate.  When  on  his  way  to  the  Cassiar  mines  Dr. 
Crosby  engaged  with  his  Indian  converts  to  cut  five  hundred  cords  of  wood  at 
Fort  Wrangel,  and  while  there  he  started  Sunday  schools  among  the  rough  miners 
who  had  come  from  the  States  to  Alaska.  There  the  Indians  had  waited  for 
help  for  ten  years  before  General  Howard  of  the  United  States  army  arrived  and 
before  the  Christian  church  of  the  United  States  began  to  take  an  interest  in 
them.  The  Presbyterian  church  sent  out  a  woman  missionary,  Mrs.  McFarland, 
and  later  other  missionaries  were  sent  by  that  church.  Mrs.  McFarland  was  the 
first  white  missionary  from  the  States  and  the  wonderful  results  have  to  be  at- 
tributed to  her  for  her  efficient  early  work  among  these  people.  An  Indian 
teacher  had  for  two  years  instructed  his  brothers  before  this  missionary  arrived. 
In  those  pioneer  days  Rev.  Crosby  was  the  superintendent  at  Port  Simpson  over 
all  the  missions  north  and  south,  and  with  courage  and  determination  he  bore  all 
the  hardships  that  his  work  involved.  In  his  work  he  traveled  twenty  years  in 
canoes  in  all  kinds  of  weather  until  the  friends  of  the  mission,  moved  by  his 
inspiring  work,  provided  him  with  a  little  steamboat  named  the  Glad  Tidings. 
On  this  boat  he  visited  all  of  his  missions,  going  as  far  as  Victoria  and  traveling 
many  thousands  of  miles  to  and  fro  in  his  district.  In  the  earliest  days  the 
only  steamer  running  in  that  district  was  the  old  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  vessel, 
Otter,  which  visited  him  about  every  six  weeks,  and  these  far-in-between  visits 
constituted  practically  his  only  communication  with  the  outside  world.  The  estab- 
lishment of  the  Presbyterian  missions  in  Alaska,  which  are  mentioned  above,  must 
be  largely  accredited  to  the  effort  which  Rev.  Crosby  made  on  behalf  of  his  Indian 
charges.  Previous  to  that  time  no  Protestant  missions  could  be  found  in  that 
country,  the  only  religion  of  Christian  persuasion  being  that  of  the  Russian 
church.  In  1897  Rev.  Crosby  left  Port  Simpson  and,  although  still  in  charge  of 
the  northern  mission,  remained  for  two  years  in  Victoria.  In  1899  ne  returned 
to  Sardis  and  Chilliwack,  the  scene  of  his  early  efforts.  In  1907,  because  of  failing 
health,  Rev.  Crosby  retired  from  a  work  rich  and  fruitful  in  results. 

As  a  factor  of  the  church  work  resulting  from  the  early  missionary  efforts, 
day  schools  and  industrial  schools  at  Port  Simpson  and  elsewhere,  apart  from 
government  work,  have  been  established  by  the  Canadian  Methodist  church.  The 
medical  mission  work  of  the  Methodist  church  is  also  due  to  a  large  extent  to 
the  early  efforts  of  Dr.  Crosby  and  his  equally  ardent  colleague,  Dr.  Bolton,  now 
of  Vancouver.  The  medical  work  in  the  district  was  first  established  by  them,  as 
the  church  at  that  time  did  not  see  fit  to  send  out  medical  missionaries,  as  there 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1101 

were  no  funds  for  this  purpose.  For  that  reason  Dr.  Crosby  and  Dr.  Bolton 
sacrificed  part  of  their  salaries  to  be  able  to  establish  medical  stations  among  the 
Indians,  in  which  effort  they  valiantly  collaborated.  In  1889  Dr.  A.  E.  Bolton 
became  a  volunteer  medical  missionary,  joining  Dr.  Crosby.  From  this  little 
beginning  have  grown  the  now  permanently  established  stations  at  Port  Simpson, 
Essington,  Hazelton,  Bella  Bella,  Bella  Coola,  Rivers  Inlet  and  others.  Numerous 
nurses  and  five  doctors  are  kept  constantly  employed.  The  above  were  the  first 
medical  missions  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  church  of  Canada,  and  it  is  interest- 
ing to  record  here  that  the  church  at  first  was  entirely  opposed  to  the  idea,  advis- 
ing Dr.  Bolton  to  give  up  that  line  of  work.  The  medical  missions,  however, 
grew  in  a  most  unprecedented  way  and  their  far-reaching  effect  for  good  soon 
became  widely  recognized.  Moreover,  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  to  these  mis- 
sions may  be  traced  the  establishment  of  the  missions  of  the  Methodist  church 
in  China. 

The  hardships  and  danger- fraught  situations  which  Rev.  Crosby  underwent 
had  made  him  an  invalid,  and  since  his  retirement  in  1907  he  has  lived  in  rest 
and  contemplation  at  2535  Second  avenue,  West,  Vancouver,  being  able  to  look 
back  with  satisfaction  upon  his  former  success.  He  and  his  wife  were  pioneers 
in  this  district  of  the  city,  known  as  Kitsilano,  where  they  now  make  their  home. 
For  six  years  the  Doctor  has  been  in  poor  health,  though  he  courageously  bears 
his  ailment,  being  buoyed  up  by  the  thought  of  having  given  all  of  his  efforts 
to  the  Highest  Cause.  It  may  be  interesting  to  mention  that  the  Glad  Tidings, 
the  boat  on  which  he  traveled  so  much,  was  wrecked  in  the  service  and  that  the 
new  missionary  boat  is  named  in  his  honor  the  Thomas  Crosby. 

On  April  30,  1874,  Rev.  Crosby  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Emma  Douse, 
a  daughter  of  Rev.  John  Douse,  and  she  has  shared  in  his  labors,  his  successes, 
his  adversities,  his  sorrows  and  has  been  a  great  help  and  potent  factor  in  his 
work.  She  kept  the  house  and  reared  the  children  while  her  husband  was  away 
on  his  missionary  journeys,  and  courageously  bore  great  sorrow  when  death 
invaded  the  home  three  times  and  carried  off  three  of  their  children  during  one  of 
his  trips.  Their  three  surviving  children  are:  Jessie,  now  Mrs.  R.  W.  Harris, 
Grace  and  Thomas  Harold,  all  of  Vancouver. 

Rev.  Crosby  throughout  his  life  has  manifested  a  spirit  of  sympathy  and  help- 
fulness that  has  reached  out  to  all  mankind.  Taking  cognizance  of  the  temptations 
and  weaknesses  to  which  his  charges  were  liable,  he  has  done  everything  in  his 
power  to  alleviate  their  hard  conditions.  He  has  made  inestimable  contributions 
to  the  upbuilding  of  Christian  citizenship  among  the  Indians,  for  the  words  which 
he  uttered  from  the  pulpit  and  in  the  classroom  were  words  of  wisdom  that  sank 
deep  into  many  hearts  and  bore  fruit  in  the  lives  of  those  who  came  under  his 
instruction.  A  sympathetic  friend  and  adviser,  his  character  is  Christian  in  a 
sense  rarely  met  with,  and  his  gentle,  unselfish  disposition  has  gained  him  much 
love. 


THOMAS  DOUGLAS  SHERRIFF. 

An  initiative  and  enterprising  spirit,  guided  and  controlled  by  sound  and 
practical  business  judgment,  has  brought  Thomas  Douglas  Sherriff  to  a  high  place 
among  the  younger  business  men  of  New  Westminster,  where  he  is  at  the  head  of 
a  large  and  growing  investment  business  and  controls  a  representative  trade  as 
an  expert  property  valuator.  He  was  born  in  Scotland,  on  the  nth  of  May, 
1884,  and  is  a  representative  of  one  of  the"  old  Edinburgh  families,  his  ancestors 
as  far  back  as  his  great-grandfather  having  claimed  that  city  as  the  place  of  their 
birth.  His  parents,  Thomas  and  Sophia  (Stronach)  Sherriff,  were  both  born 
in  Edinburgh  and  the  father  spent  his  entire  life  in  the  government  service  there. 

Thomas  Douglas  Sherriff  was  reared  at  home  and  acquired  his  education  in 
Edinburgh.  After  completing  his  studies  he  was  indentured  to  an  architect  and 
civil  engineer  in  Edinburgh  for  a  period  of  five  years,  but  after  serving  four  and 


1102  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

a  half  years  of  his  apprenticeship  he  became  ambitious  to  earn  some  money  and 
before  completing  his  full  term  accepted  a  position  with  the  North  British  &  Mer- 
cantile Insurance  Company,  displaying  in  this  connection  the  same  decision  and  ini- 
tiative spirit  which  have  marked  the  activites  of  his  entire  career.  After  remaining 
for  about  two  years  in  the  surveying  department  of  this  concern  Mr.  Sherriff  re- 
signed his  position  and  in  1908  left  Scotland  and  came  to  British  Columbia.  After 
his  arrival  in  this  province  he  spent  about  one  month  in  Vancouver  and  then  came 
to  New  Westminster,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  at  once  secured  a  position 
with  Albert  J.  Hill,  then  city  engineer  and  land  surveyor,  and  he  remained  in 
his  employ  for  two  and  a  half  years,  following  which  he  established  the  firm  of 
Sherriff,  Rose  &  Company  and  engaged  in  the  real-estate  and  insurance  business. 
The  copartnership  was  dissolved  in  1912,  Mr.  Sherriff  remaining  in  control  of  the 
entire  concern,  and  this  he  has  since  continued  to  conduct  along  progressive,  mod- 
ern and  practical  lines.  He  has  almost  entirely  abandoned  the  real-estate  depart- 
and  is  giving  his  attention  largely  to  investments  and  property  valuations,  a  branch 
of  his  work  in  which  he  is  an  expert.  His  patronage  has  increased  steadily  since  he 
established  the  concern,  for  he  understands  his  business  in  principle  and  detail 
and,  being  possessed  of  sound  and  discriminating  judgment  and  an  expert  knowl- 
edge of  land  values,  he  has  made  his  business  profitable  not  only  for  himself 
but  for  his  clients  also.  Mr.  Sherriff  is  a  business  man  of  the  modern  type,  pro- 
gressive, energetic,  public-spirited  and  imbued  with  a  desire  not  only  for  his  own 
advancement  but  for  the  promotion  of  general  commercial  and  industrial  activity. 
In  this  cause  he  has  done  splendid  work  as  chairman  of  the  commerce  committee 
of  the  New  Westminster  Board  of  Trade  and  as  an  active  member  of  the  Pro- 
gressive Association  of  New  Westminster,  which  he  aided  in  founding  and  of 
which  he  served  .for  some  time  as  under  secretary. 

In  1905  Mr.  Sherriff  married,  in  Edinburgh,  Miss  Jean  Kay  Watson,  a  daugh- 
ter of  George  Watson,  a  retired  contractor  of  that  city,  and  to  their  union  has 
been  born  one  son,  Douglas  Knight.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sherriff  are  members  of  the 
Church  of  England  and  are  well  known  in  social  circles  of  New  Westminster, 
Mr.  Sherriff  holding  membership  in  the  Westminster  Club.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  Vancouver  Golf  and  Country  Club.  He  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the 
conservative  party  and,  while  not  active  as  an  office  seeker,  takes  an  intelligent 
interest  in  public  affairs.  A  man  of  broad  views,  progressive  standards  and  mod- 
ern ideals,  he  typifies  the  present  day  business  man  whose  ability  is  used  not  only 
to  advance  individual  prosperity  but  to  promote  community  growth  and  develop- 
ment. He  has  become  well  known  in  business  circles  of  New  Westminster,  where 
his  accomplishments  command  respect,  and  his  feet  are  undoubtedly  upon  the 
pathway  which  leads  to  honor  and  distinction  in  the  business  field. 


HARRY  PERCY  SIMPSON. 

Prominently  connected  with  various  business  and  corporate  interests  of  Vic- 
toria, Harry  Percy  Simpson  figures  as  one  of  the  leading  business  men  'of  the 
city,  his  ability  and  energy  having  carried  him  forward  into  important  industrial 
and  financial  relations.  He  was  born  in  Plymouth,  England,  October  18,  1872, 
and  is  a  son  of  David  Charles  and  Caroline  (Penn)  Simpson,  the  latter  a  de- 
scendant of  William  Penn.  The  father  was  for  many  years  in  the  navy  depart- 
ment of  the  government  civil  service  in  England  but  is  now  living  retired. 

Harry  Percy  Simpson  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  na- 
tive city  and  in  Mannamead  College,  Plymouth.  He  emigrated  to  America  in; 
1891,  settling  first  in  Manitoba,  where  for  eight  years  he  engaged  in  farming. 
He  moved  to  Winnipeg  in  1899  and  entered  into  partnership  with  D.  A.  Ross 
under  the  firm  name  of  D.  A.  Ross  &  Company,  financial  agents.  In  1906  they 
dissolved  partnership  and  Mr.  Simpson  came  to  British  Columbia,  where  he  has 
since  been  a  prominent  factor  in  business  affairs.  His  interests  extend  to  many 


HARRY  P.  SIMPSON 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1105 

fields,  he  being  connected  through  investment  or  official  service  with  some  of  the 
most  important  concerns  in  this  part  of  the  province.  He  is  president  of  the 
Coquitlam  Terminal  Company,  Ltd.,  managing  director  and  secretary  of  the 
North  British  Columbia  Exploration  Company,  Ltd.,  and  a  director  in  the  British 
Columbia  &  Suburban  Properties,  Ltd.,  and  in  the  Coquitlam  Shipbuilding  & 
Marine  Railway  Company,  Ltd.  All  his  interests  are  carefully  and  conservatively 
conducted  and  have  brought  him  gratifying  and  well  deserved  success. 

On  the  27th  of  April,  1898,  in  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  Mr.  Simpson  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Violet  Alice  de  Kerrison  de  St.  Martin,  daughter  of  the  late 
Gustave  Francis  de  St.  Martin,  of  Madras,  India,  who  was  a  member  of  the  East 
India  Company.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Simpson  have  become  the  parents  of  two  chil- 
dren, Helene  St.  Martin  and  Philip  Charles  Penn.  Mr.  Simpson  is  a  member 
of  the  Anglican  church  and  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative 
party.  He  holds  membership  in  the  Carleton  Club  of  Winnipeg,  the  Western 
and  the  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Clubs  of  Vancouver  and  the  Royal  Victoria 
Yacht  Club.  He  is  well  known  in  social  circles  of  Victoria  and  in  business  is 
known  to  be  clear-sighted,  progressive  and  reliable,  a  valued  factor  in  the  business 
life  of  the  city. 


THOMAS   BENNETT   GREEN,   M.  D.,  C.  M. 

A  history  of  the  medical  fraternity  of  New  Westminster  would  be  incom- 
plete and  unsatisfactory  were  there  failure  to  make  mention  of  the  career  of 
Dr.  Thomas  Bennett  Green,  one  of  the  prominent  physicians  and  surgeons  in  the 
city.  During  the  years  of  his  connection  with  the  medical  profession  he  has 
made  steady  progress  and  has  proven  his  knowledge  and  capability  in  the  excellent 
results  which  have  followed  his  labors.  He  was  born  in  Listowel,  Ontario,  and  is 
a  son  of  James  and  Susan  (Zimmerman)  Green,  the  former  a  native  of  Wick, 
Scotland.  James  Green  is  a  son  of  William  Green,  who  emigrated  from  Scotland 
to  Canada  in  1850  and  settled  in  Woodstock,  Ontario,  where  he  followed  his  trade 
of  carriage  building  until  his  death.  His  son  James  was  reared  at  Woodstock  and 
there  learned  the  carriage  builder's  trade  under  his  father.  He  resumed  it  in 
Listowel,  whither  he  moved  in  1867,  remaining  there  until  1889,  when  he  went 
to  Virden,  Manitoba,  and  turned  his  attention  to  farming.  In  that  locality 
his  death  occurred  in  1906. 

Dr.  Thomas  B.  Green  acquired  his  preliminary  education  in  the  graded  and 
high  schools  of  Listowel,  receiving  from  the  latter  institution  a  second  class 
teacher's  certificate  in  1889.  In  the  same  year  he  went  to  Manitoba  and  in  Jan- 
uary, 1890,  began  teaching  in  a  district  school  near  Virden  and  continued  there 
until  the  spring  of  1891.  The  department  of  education  then  became  aware  of 
the  fact  that  he  was  but  sixteen  years  of  age.  Although  he  had  been  teaching  over 
a  year  they  took  the  matter  up  with  the  directors  of  his  district,  and  after  con- 
siderable controversy,  as  the  directors  were  pleased  with  his  work,  the  department 
insisted  that  he  resign.  Leaving  his  school  he  attended  the  normal  at  Virden 
for  a  time  and  at  the  age  of  seventeen  he  was  permitted,  by  special  permission 
from  the  board  of  education,  to  renew  teaching.  In  1895  he  entered  the  University 
of  Manitoba.  At  the  close  of  his  first  year  of  college  life  he  again  taught  for  a 
year.  Returning  to  the  university  he  completed  his  course  and  was  graduated 
in  1899  with  the  degree  of  B.  A.  and  with  honors  in  mathematics.  In  the  fol- 
lowing year  he  moved  to  British  Columbia  and  here  first  turned  his  attention 
to  teaching,  becoming  principal  of  the  public  schools  of  Sapperton.  After  one 
year  he  was  made  first  assistant  principal  of  the  Central  high  school  of  New  West- 
minster, succeeding  J.  D.  Buchanan,  and  he  continued  in  that  capacity  until  1902, 
when  he  took  up  the  study  of  medicine.  He  entered  McGill  University,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in  1906  with  the  degree  of  M.  D.,  C.  M.  He  located  first 
in  Lillooet,  British  Columbia,  where  he  practiced  for  eight  months,  removing  in 
May,  1907,  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  has  continued  in  practice  to  the 


1106  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

present  time.  The  consensus  of  public  opinion  regarding  his  professional  skill 
is  altogether  favorable  for  it  is  well  known  that  he  is  most  careful  in  the  diag- 
nosis of  cases  and  never  neglects  anything  which  he  believes  will  be  of  value  in 
promoting  health.  He  is  a  member  of  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  of 
British  Columbia,  and  his  ability  is  widely  recognized  in  the  profession. 

Dr.  Green  married  Miss  Mary  Lloyd,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Wellington  and 
Adelaide  (Smith)  Lloyd,  the  mother  a  native  of  Chatham,  Ontario,  and  a  step- 
daughter of  J.  B.  Kennedy,  ex-member  of  parliament  for  New  Westminster. 
Dr.  Lloyd  was  a  native  of  Toronto,  or  that  vicinity,  and  practiced  in  that  city 
for  some  time.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Green  have  become  the  parents  of  two  children, 
Lillooet  Kennedy  and  James  Lloyd.  Dr.  Green  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian 
church  and  belongs  to  the  New  Westminster  Club.  He  is  connected  fraternally 
with  Royal  City  Lodge,  No.  3,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  and  is  a  liberal  in  his  political  beliefs, 
taking  an  active  part  in  the  civic  life  of  New  Westminster.  He  is  particularly 
interested  in  the  cause  of  education  and  for  the  past  four  years  has  done  capable 
work  as  a  member  of  the  school  board.  His  has  been  an  excellent  professional 
record,  as  is  indicated  by  the  lucrative  practice  now  accorded  him  and  he  is, 
moreover,  known  as  a  progressive  and  public-spirited  citizen. 


WILLIAM  DISBROW  BRYDONE  JACK,  B.  A.,  L.  R.  C.  P.  &  S. 

(EDINBURGH) 

The  name  of  Dr.  William  Disbrow  Brydone  Jack,  of  Vancouver,  is  synony- 
mous with  proficiency  and  professional  honor.  For  a  long  period  he  has  been  rec- 
ognized as  one  of  the  most  prominent  members  of  the  profession  in  the  province. 
He  is  practicing  as  senior  partner  in  the  firm  of  Brydone  Jack,  Monroe  &  Cum- 
ming,  and  his  wide  knowledge  and  skill  have  made  his  opinions  largely  accepted 
as  authority  upon  intricate  medical  problems.  He  was  born  in  Fredericton,  New 
Brunswick,  June  13,  1860,  a  son  of  Dr.  William  and  Caroline  (Disbrow)  Brydone 
Jack.  The  former,  a  native  of  Scotland,  became  a  resident  of  New  Brunswick 
in  early  manhood  and  figured  prominently  for  many  decades  in  connection  with 
the  educational  progress  of  the  province,  being  for  forty  years  president  of  the 
University  at  Fredericton.  He  retired  a  few  months  prior  to  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  1886  when  he  was  sixty-seven  years  of  age.  His  wife,  who  was 
descended  from  United  Empire  Loyalist  ancestry,  died  at  St.  John,  in  1910. 

Dr.  Brydone  Jack  pursued  his  more  specifically  literary  education  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  New  Brunswick,  and  entered  upon  preparation  for  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine as  a  student  in  McGill  University.  Later  he  went  abroad  and  matriculated 
in  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1884.  He  also 
took  post-graduate  work  in  that  city  and  in  1884  went  to  Cheshire,  England,  where 
he  engaged  in  practice  for  six  years.  The  opportunities  of  the  far  west  attracted 
him  and  in  the  autumn  of  1889  he  arrived  in  Vancouver,  where  he  immediately 
opened  an  office  and  entered  upon  active  practice  in  which  he  has  since  continued. 
Step  by  step  he  has  advanced  until  he  now  stands  in  the  front  rank  among  the 
eminent  physicians  and  surgeons  of  the  northwest,  his  learning  and  ability  being 
recognized  by  all.  He  has  been  connected  with  the  Vancouver  General  Hospital 
since  1892,  serving  on  the  active  medical  staff  there  from  that  year  until  1912, 
when  at  the  close  of  two  decades  he  retired  but  is  now  honorary  consulting  physi- 
cian and  member  of  the  directorate.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Royal 
Victorian  Order  of  Nurses  and  is  serving  on  its  advisory  board.  He  assisted  in 
the  organization  of  the  British  Columbia  council  of  the  St.  John  Ambulance  Asso- 
ciation, which  association  was  founded  in  England  in  1877  for  the  purpose  of 
instruction  to  the  public  in  first  aid  to  the  injured,  in  sick  room  sanitation  and 
other  points  of  equal  value  to  health  and  life.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  gen- 
eral council  of  the  Dominion,  president  of  the  British  Columbia  council  and 
an  esquire  of  that  order.  His  reading  has  always  been  comprehensive,  his  inves- 
tigation and  research  thorough  and  he  is  prominent  today  among  the  men  who 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1107 

have  most  nearly  solved  the  problems  of  life  and  health,  keeping  ever  in  touch 
with  the  advanced  work  of  the  profession.  He  is  medical  director  of  the  British 
Columbia  Life  Insurance  Company  and  he  has  held  several  offices  of  a  semi- 
professional  character,  being  chairman  of  the  health  committee  during  his  two 
years'  service  as  a  member  of  the  city  council  as  alderman  from  Ward  5.  He  is 
serving  his  third  year  as  chairman  of  the  Vancouver  school  board  and  for  many 
years  has  been  one  of  its  members.  He  is  likewise  known  in  financial  circles 
as  the  vice  president  of  the  Dominion  Trust  Company. 

On  the  2d  of  April,  1884,  in  Staffordshire,  England,  Dr.  Brydone  Jack  was 
married  to  Miss  Alice  Hicklan,  a  native  of  Staffordshire.  They  have  become 
parents  of  four  children:  Dr.  F.  W.  Brydone  Jack,  a  graduate  of  McGill  Uni- 
versity and  now  medical  inspector  of  the  Vancouver  public  schools;  C.  B.  Brydone 
Jack,  local  manager  of  the  Dominion  Trust  Company;  H.  B.  Brydone  Jack,  a 
graduate  civil  engineer  of  McGill  University ;  and  Gladys,  at  home. 

Dr.  Brydone  Jack  is  a  past  master  of  Acacia  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Royal  Arch  chapter  and  has  attained  the  thirty-second  degree  of  the 
Scottish  Rite.  He  belongs  to  Mount  Pleasant  Lodge,  No.  19,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  and 
to  Vancouver  Lodge,  No.  3,  K.  P.  He  has  membership  in  the  Vancouver  and 
University  Clubs  and  both  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Shaughnessy 
Heights  Golf  Club.  Dr.  Brydone  Jack  holds  membership  in  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land and  Mrs.  Brydone  Jack  belongs  to  St.  James  church  and  is  very  active  in  its 
different  lines  of  work.  She  is  likewise  connected  with  various  charitable  pro- 
jects, seeking  ever  to  ameliorate  the  hard  conditions  of  life  for  the  unfortunate. 
Merit  and  ability  have  brought  Dr.  Brydone  Jack  to  the  position  of  distinction 
and  prominence  which  he  now  occupies,  the  profession  as  well  as  the  public 
paying  high  tribute  to  his  ability  and  to  his  personal  worth. 


NELSON  CARTER. 

Various  interests  have  claimed  the  attention  of  Nelson  Carter,  who  with  his 
son  is  now  engaged  in  the  business  of  contracting  and  building  in  Haney,  in 
which  he  is  meeting  with  a  good  measure  of  success.  A  native  of  the  province 
of  Ontario,,  his  birth  occurred  on  October  n,  1844,  his  parents  being  Edward 
and  Charlotte  (Dorent)  Carter,  both  of  whom  are  now  deceased. 

The  education  of  Nelson  Carter  was  acquired  in  the  common  schools  of  his 
native  province,  which  he  attended  until  he  was  a  youth  of  seventeen  years  of 
age.  when  he  began  his  business  career.  He  first  engaged  in  contracting  and 
building  with  his  father,  with  whom  he  was  associated  for  thirteen  years.  At 
the  expiration  of  that  period  he  went  into  the  contracting  business  at  St.  Cathar- 
ines, Ontario,  continuing  to  follow  this  activity  until  1885.  In  the  latter  year 
he  came  to  British  Columbia,  locating  at  Victoria,  where  for  four  years  he  had 
a  subcontract  from  Mr.  Connelly  on  the  Esquimalt  dry  lock.  In  1887  he  started 
the  first  brick  yard  in  Vancouver.  In  1889,  he  established  a  brick  yard  at  Port 
Moody,  but  he  soon  abandoned  it  and  went  to  Roche  Point,  where  he  engaged 
in  the  same  business  with  D.  MacFarline.  Three  years  later  he  sold  his  interest 
in  the  industry  to  his  partner  and  went  to  Vancouver  where  for  two  years  he 
was  engaged  in  the  building  business  with  his  cousin.  During  the  succeeding 
two  years  he  operated  stone  quarries  at  Nanaimo  and  Newcastle  island,  being 
awarded  the  contracts  for  supplying  the  stone  for  the  old  post  office.  Bank  of 
Montreal  and  the  building  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  at  Vancouver.  His 
next  removal  was  to  Haney,  where  he  purchased  a  brick  yard  which  he  operated 
until  1903.  Disposing  of  it  in  the  latter  year  he  went  into  partnership  with  his 
son  in  contracting  and  building,  which  business  he  still  follows. 

At  Beaver  Dam,  Ontario,  on  the  5th  of  February,  1868,  Mr.  Carter  was 
married  to  Miss  Helen  Hopkins,  and  to  them  have  been  born  eight  children.  In 
order  of  birth  they  are  as  follows:  Charlotte,  who  married  Mr.  Manning;  Fred; 


1108  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

Louisa,  who  is  the  wife  of  George  Howe;  Adda,  who  is  deceased;  Horace;  Harry; 
Lena,  now  Mrs.  Ford;  and  Obadiah. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Carter  attend  the  Methodist  church,  and  he  is  a  member  of  the 
Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen.  He  is  a  veteran  of  the  Fenian  raid,  and 
his  political  support  he  accords  to  the  conservative  party.  Mr.  Carter  takes  an 
interest  in  civic  affairs,  and  during  the  period  of  his  residence  in  the  municipality 
of  Maple  Ridge  has  served  for  four  or  five  years  in  the  council. 


VICTOR  B.  HARRISON. 

Victor  B.  Harrison,  one  of  the  most  able  and  successful  barristers  of  Nanaimor 
where  since  1908  he  has  been  in  active  practice  of  his  profession,  was  born  in 
Victoria,  British  Columbia,  and  is  a  son  of  Eli  and  Eunice  M.  A.  Harrison,  the 
former  an  ex-judge  of  the  county  court.  Victor  Harrison  acquired  his  education 
in  the  collegiate  institute  in  Victoria  and  in  Victoria  College,  and  in  1908  was 
called  to  the  bar  of  British  Columbia.  Immediately  afterward  he  began  the 
practice  of  his  profession  and  each  year  has  brought  him  increased  success  and 
prominence,  so  that  he  is  numbered  among  the  most  able  representatives  of  the 
provincial  bar.  He  makes  his  home  in  Nanaimo  and  is  in  control  of  a  large  and 
growing  practice. 

Eminently  public-spirited  and  progressive  in  matters  of  citizenship,  Mr.  Har- 
rison is  always  to  be  found  among  the  leaders  in  the  promotion  of  measures  and 
movements  for  the  general  good,  and  he  has  accomplished  a  great  deal  of  practical 
and  constructive  work  along  this  line  as  president  of  the  Citizens  League  of  Lady- 
smith  and  as  vice  president  of  the  Vancouver  Island  Development  League.  He 
was  appointed  police  magistrate  of  the  city  of  Ladysmith  in  1909,  doing  able  work 
in  that  connection.  He  belongs  to  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia  and  is 
loyal  to  his  province  and  city,  making  his  ability  and  energy  the  basis  of  a  use- 
ful work  of  public  service.  In  his  profession  he  has  steadily  forged  to  the  front, 
his  advancement  coming  as  a  result  of  his  thorough  knowledge  of  the  law  and 
his  keen  discernment  and  foresight  in  its  application. 


MICHAEL  COSTIN  BROWN. 

If  any  one  desires  a  correct  and  interesting  account  of  early  mining  experi- 
ences in  the  northwest,  he  has  but  to  talk  with  Michael  Costin  Brown,  known  to  all 
old-time  British  Columbia  miners  as  Mike  Brown,  who  has  prospected  in  every 
known  camp  in  the  province,  and  is  familiar  with  every  phase  of  mining  life  in 
the  Pacific  Coast  country  of  the  north.  The  knowledge  that  he  gained  from 
actual  experience  enables  him  to  speak  with  authority  upon  matters  relating  to 
the  history  of  the  country.  Moreover,  as  a  hotel  proprietor,  he  gained  a  wide 
acquaintance  and  popularity  and  none  begrudge  him  the  success  which  now 
enables  him,  in  the  evening  of  life,  to  live  retired.  He  makes  his  home  in  Vic- 
toria at  the  age  of  seventy-four  years,  his  birth  having  occurred  in  Waterford, 
Ireland,  September  29,  1839,  a  son  of  Patrick  and  Mary  (Costin)  Brown,  deceased. 
The  father  was  a  farmer  and  cattle  dealer. 

The  son  spent  his  youthful  days  under  the  parental  roof  and  was  educated 
in  the  parish  school,  and  in  the  night  school  conducted  by  his  father  at  his  home. 
When  eleven  years  of  age,  Michael  C.  Brown  came  with  his  mother  and  other 
members  of  the  family  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  about  the  year  1850.  He  remained 
in  that  city  for  six  years  and  then  went  to  California,  traveling  by  way  of  New 
York  to  Aspinwall,  thence  to  Panama  and  on  to  San  Francisco,  as  a  passenger 
on  the  steamer  Golden  Gate.  He  remained  in  the  California  metropolis  for  about 
five  months,  after  which  time  he  proceeded  to  Portland,  Oregon,  in  the  fall  of 


MICHAEL 


BROWN 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  mi 

1859.  There  he  engaged  in  the  hotel  business  for  a  short  time,  when  he  went  to 
the  Dalles,  expecting  to  open  a  hotel  at  Walla  Walla.  When  he  reached  the  Dalles, 
however,  he  met  with  a  government  surveying  party  who  reported  having  found 
gold  in  the  Similkameen.  This  led  Mr.  Brown  to  change  his  plans,  and  with  a 
partner  he  went  into  the  country  where  the  gold  was  discovered  and  prospected 
but  with  poor  results.  He  next  went  to  the  Thompson  river,  and  afterward  to 
Quesnel,  where  he  found  gold,  mining  from  six  to  ten  dollars  a  day.  Williams 
creek  was  so  named  by  Mr.  Brown  after  William,  or  Bill  Dietz,  one  of  Mr. 
Brown's  party. 

This  was  in  the  spring  of  1861.  Mr.  Brown  had  the  first  patented  and  regis- 
tered claim  on  Williams  creek  and  has  the  credit  of  being  the  discoverer  of  that 
district,  where  later  he  sold  his  share  of  the  claim  for  twenty-five  hundred  dollars. 
On  the  return  trip  to  Portland,  Oregon,  he  met  Governor  Douglas,  at  Harrison 
river,  who,  upon  Mr.  Brown's  advice,  abandoned  the  proposed  trail  into  the 
Similkameen  and  had  built  the  famous  wagon  road  from  Yale  into  the  Cariboo. 
In  the  spring  of  1862,  Mr.  Brown  purchased  a  pack  train  at  Portland  and  returned 
to  the  Cariboo,  carrying  with  him,  eight  thousand  pounds  of  provisions,  and  there 
he  sold  flour  at  a  dollar  and  a  quarter  per  pound;  beans  at  a  dollar  and  a  half; 
bacon  at  a  dollar  and  a  half;  dried  apples  for  the  same  price;  and  tobacco  at  two 
dollars  and  a  half.  He  continued  to  pack  all  that  summer,  from  the  Falls  of 
Quesnel  to  Antler  and  Williams  creeks.  In  the  autumn  of  the  same  year  he  lost 
forty-two  head  of  horses  in  a  snow  storm. 

In  the  spring  of  1863  Mr.  Brown  built  a  store  on  Williams  creek,  which  he 
conducted  until  the  spring  of  1864,  when  he  sold  out.  This  building  thirty  by 
sixty  feet  and  one  story  in  height  cost  four  thousand,  five  hundred  dollars,  the 
high  cost  being  accounted  for  by  the  fact  that  all  the  lumber  was  whip-sawed  and 
carpenters  were  paid  sixteen  dollars,  laborers  ten  dollars  per  day,  and  nails  were 
two  dollars  and  fifty  cents  per  pound.  The  same  year  he  again  engaged  in  min- 
ing in  the  Cariboo  and  in  the  fall  of  1865,  he  came  to  Victoria.  While  in  this 
city,  he  heard  of  the  gold  discovery  on  French  creek  in  the  Big  Bend  country 
and  went  to  those  diggings  in  the  spring  of  1866.  On  his  journeys  into  this 
wild  and  unknown  country,  he  suffered  untold  hardships  and  great 
privations.  He  was  often  both  hungry  and  cold,  and  he  had  to  go  without 
shoes  and  other  necessities,  sometimes,  because  it  was  difficult  to  obtain  supplies 
and  because  luck  seemed  against  him  and  he  could  not  make  the  purchases.  Every 
phase  of  mining  life  is  familiar  to  him  and  no  camp  of  British  Columbia  is  un- 
known to  him,  for  in  every  one  he  has  prospected.  In  1867  he  went  to  the 
Cariboo  and  1868  finds  him  at  Lightning  creek,  where  he  had  to  whip-saw  lumber 
for  his  flumes.  In  18/0  in  the  Peace  River  country,  he  prospected  on  Germansen 
and  Manson  creeks,  and  on  one  of  his  claims  on  Manson  creek  took  out  nine  thou- 
sand dollars.  In  1874  he  went  into  the  Cassiar  country,  where  he  once  more 
engaged  in  the  hotel  business,  returning  later  to  Victoria. 

He  was,  for  a  quarter  of  a  century,  proprietor  of  the  Adelphi  Hotel  in  this 
city  and  in  1897  he  went  to  the  Yukon,  where  he  engaged  in  the  hotel  business  at 
Dawson.  His  hotel,  the  Melbourne,  was  the  principal  one  there  and  he  con- 
ducted it  for  three  years,  but  left  the  Yukon  in  1904,  having  gained  from  his 
well  directed  business  affairs  sufficient  capital  to  enable  him  to  live  retired  in  the 
evening  of  life.  He  has  acquired  considerable  real  estate  in  Victoria  and  this 
yields  to  him  a  substantial  financial  return. 

On  the  nth  of  November,  1879,  Mr.  Brown  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Agnes  Murray,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Mary  (O'Laughlin)  Murray,  the  former 
a  man  of  brilliant  parts  and  a  Victoria  pioneer.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Brown  had  eight 
children,  four  sons  and  four  daughters,  of  whom  four  are  living.  His  religious 
faith  is  that  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church ;  in  politics  he  is  independent ;  and  in 
fraternal  relations  is  a  United  Workman.  His  memory  forms  a  connecting  link 
between  the  primitive  past  and  the  progressive  present.  He  has  seen  many  men 
killed  and  drowned  in  his  travels  and  he  tells  many  interesting  tales  of  kindnesses 
shown  to  each  other  by  the  early  settlers,  as  well  as  of  the  hardships  of  those 
times.  The  series  of  stories  of  British  Columbia  mining  camps  of  the  early  days 


1112  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

"Odd  Talks  with  Old  Timers,"  which  appeared  in  the  "Province"  some  years  ago 
were  largely  stories  of  Mr.  Brown's  personal  experiences  in  all  sections  of  the 
province,  and  are  thrilling  narratives  of  the  adventures,  hardships,  successes,  nar- 
row escapes  and  romance  of  the  pioneer  prospector.  Mr.  Brown  has  lived  to  see 
remarkable  changes  as  the  years  have  passed  on,  for  the  work  of  man  has  wrought 
a  marvelous  transformation  in  the  northwest,  seeds  of  civilization  which  were 
long  since  planted,  having  borne  rich  fruit. 


JAMES    IRVING. 

General  farming  engages  the  energies  of  James  Irving,  who  holds  the  title 
to  a  hundred  and  thirty  acres  of  well  improved  and  highly  cultivated  land  in  the 
Maple  Ridge  district.  He  is  a  native  of  the  province  of  Ontario,  his  birth  having 
there  occurred  on  the  I4th  of  April,  1866,  and  is  a  son  of  Adam  and  Elizabeth 
(Oliver)  Irving,  both  of  whom  are  deceased.  The  father,  who  was  a  farmer, 
was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Ontario,  having  removed  to  Maple  Ridge  district 
during  the  early  childhood  of  his  son  James,  and  here  continued  his  agricultural 
pursuits  until  he  passed  away. 

Practically  the  entire  life  of  James  Irving  has  been  passed  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  his  present  ranch.  In  the  acquirement  of  an  education  he  attended 
the  public  schools  of  Maple  Ridge  municipality,  until  he  was  a  youth  of  eighteen 
years.  The  son  of  an  agriculturist  he  early  became  familiar  with  the  various 
processes  connected  with  the  tilling  of  the  fields  and  caring  for  the  crops  and  upon 
leaving  school  gave  his  undivided  attention  to  the  operation  of  the  home  place. 
Later  he  homesteaded  a  claim,  staying  upon  it  for  three  years,  then  returning 
to  the  home  farm.  Upon  the  death  of  his  father  he  inherited  the  farm  but  has 
now  sold  all  but  eighty  acres  of  it  and  all  but  thirty-five  acres  of  his  original  claim. 
His  land  has  greatly  increased  in  value  during  the  period  of  his  ownership,  largely 
owing  to  the  capable  manner  in  which  he  has  directed  its  development  and  the 
extensive  improvements  he  has  made  thereon.  Diligent  and  persistent  effort 
perseveringly  applied  year  after  year  has  brought  the  usual  returns  and  today  Mr. 
Irving  is  known  as  one  of  the  prosperous  agriculturists  and  capable  business  men 
of  his  community. 

At  Port  Moody  on  Christmas  day,  1900,  Mr.  Irving  was  married  to  Miss 
Catherine  McCracken,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  McCracken,  and  to  them  have  been 
born  six  children :  Bruce ;  Mona ;  Mary ;  Adam ;  James  Thomas,  deceased ;  and 
Catherine. 

The  family  attend  the  Presbyterian  church  and  Mr.  Irving  is  a  member  of  the 
Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen.  He  supports  the  liberal  party  in  politics 
and  although  he  has  never  figured  prominently  in  local  affairs,  he  takes  an  active 
interest  in  all  public  questions  and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  progressive  and  enter- 
prising citizens  of  the  district. 


R.   R.  REDDECLIFF. 

For  practically  a  quarter  of  a  century  R.  F.  Reddecliff  has  been  identified  with 
the  agricultural  development  of  Maple  Ridge  municipality,  where  he  holds  the 
title  to  a  hundred  and  forty  acres  of  land,  which  he  has  converted  from  a  wild 
state  into  one  of  the  finest  ranches  in  the  vicinity  of  Hammond.  He  also  owns 
seventy  acres  located  a  mile  from  his  home.  Mr.  Reddecliff  was  born  in  Devon- 
shire, England,  in  the  month  of  January,  1853,  and  is  a  son  of  Francis  and  Hannah 
Reddecliff,  both  of  whom  are  deceased. 

The  early  years  of  R.  F.  Reddecliff  were  passed  in  the  uneventful  routine  of 
country  life,  his  energies  being  largely  devoted  to  the  acquirement  of  an  educa- 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1113 

iton  until  he  had  attained  the  age  of  seventeen.  A  longing  to  see  the  world  and 
pursue  his  career  amid  different  conditions  to  those  in  which  he  had  been  born 
led  him  to  leave  home  and  in  1870  he  took  passage  for  South  America.  For  ten 
years  thereafter  he  engaged  in  mining  in  that  country  and  the  United  States,  fol- 
lowing which  he  came  to  British  Columbia.  Readily  recognizing  the  wonderful 
agricultural  possibilities  this  country  promised,  in  the  late  '8os  he  located  in  the 
vicinity  of  Hammond,  where  he  purchased  a  hundred  and  forty  acres  of  land.  He 
is  also  the  owner  of  a  seventy-acre  tract  in  the  same  locality.  He  diligently  applied 
himself  to  bringing  his  tract  under  cultivation  and  now  has  his  land  in  a  high  state 
of  productivity,  annually  reaping  from  his  fields  abundant  harvests  that  well  repay 
him  for  his  many  years  of  unceasing  toil.  His  land  has  increased  in  value  from 
year  to  year,  largely  owing  to  the  capable  manner  in  which  he  has  developed  it 
and  because  of  the  many  improvements  he  has  made,  and  is  today  regarded  as 
one  of  the  desirable  properties  of  the  district. 

In  Devonshire,  England,  on  the  8th  of  May,  1889,  Mr.  Reddecliff  was  mar- 
ried to  Miss  Helen  Cole,  a  daughter  of  William  Cole,  and  to  them  have  been  born 
seven  children.  There  are  five  living,  as  follows :  Frank,  Edna,  Arthur,  Wilfred 
and  Walter  Claude.  One  son,  Walter,  and  a  daughter,  Olive  May,  are  deceased. 

The  family  attend  the  services  of  the  Methodist  church  and  his  political  sup- 
port Mr.  Reddecliff  gives  to  the  conservative  party.  He  is  one  of  the  enterpris- 
jng  and  progressive  citizens  of  the  pioneer  period  to  whose  intelligent  efforts 
and  unceasing  diligence  the  district  is  largely  indebted  for  the  prosperity  it  enjoys, 
and  is  accorded  the  respect  and  esteem  of  his  neighbors  and  fellow  townsmen, 
many  of  whom  are  stanch  friends  of  long  years  standing. 


CONSTANTIN  ALVO  VON  ALVENSLEBEN. 

The  rapid  rise  into  prominence  of  the  province  of  British  Columbia,  may 
be  said  to  be  synonmyous  with  the  inception  and  progress  of  the  great  business 
house  of  which  Constantin  Alvo  von  Alvensleben  is  the  president.  Born  at 
Neu  Gattersleben,  Germany,  in  1879,  a  son  of  Count  Werner  Alvo  von  Alven- 
sleben and  Anna,  Baroness  von  Veltheim,  Mr.  von  Alvensleben  came  to  British 
Columbia  at  the  age  of.  twenty-five,  and  for  some  four  years  after  his  arrival 
engaged  in  such  pursuits  as  would  enable  him  to  gain  the  closest  insight  into 
the  many  opportunities  offered  by  the  country,  and,  at  the  cost  of  a  strenuous 
personal  endeavor,  acquired  a  practical  experience  of  the  primary  producing 
industries,  such  as  mining,  lumbering  and  fishing,  together  with  a  most  valuable 
knowledge  of  business  conditions  and  methods  throughout  the  province. 

Impressed  with  the  rapid  growth  and  future  of  the  city  of  Vancouver,  Mr. 
von  Alvensleben  at  length  decided  upon  it  as  a  center  for  his  field  of  operations, 
and  in  the  latter  part  of  the  year  1908,  with  a  capital  of  fifty-thousand  dollars, 
of  which  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  was  paid  up,  the  house  of  Alvo  von  Alvens- 
leben was  incorporated.  The  main  objects  of  the  company  were  to  deal  in 
real  estate,  farm  lands,  first  mortagages,  etc.,  and  to  interest  outside  capital  in 
the  development  of  the  province.  Starting  thus  in  an  inconspicuous  way,  the 
operations  of  the  company,  conducted  with  skill  and  foresight,  were  attended 
with  success  from  the  outset,  indeed,  the  firm  so  rapidly  forged  to  the  front, 
that,  only  three  years  later,  at  the  end  of  1911,  not  only  had  most  substantial 
dividends  been  paid,  but  from  its  original  working  capital  of  twenty-five  thou- 
sand dollars,  a  reserve  fund  of  four  hundred  thousand  dollars  had  been  built 
up,  and  the  sum  of  upwards  of  seven  millions  of  dollars  had  been  secured  from 
Europe  and  safely  invested  for  its  clients.  The  scope  of  the  company  had 
greatly  enlarged,  many  subsidiary  companies  were  formed  to  undertake  the 
conduct  of  other  fields  of  enterprise,  and  a  constant  stream  of  fresh  capital 
was  employed  in  the  development  of  new  industries  in  the  Canadian  west. 
At  the  present  time,  the  corporation  of  Alvo  von  Alvensleben,  Limited,  con- 


1114  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

trols  more  European  capital  than  any  other  business  house  upon  the  Pacific 
coast  of  Canada,  and  has  enormous  interests  in  almost  every  one  of  the  natural 
resources  of  the  province  of  British  Columbia. 

Mr.  von  Alvensleben  may  be  looked  upon  at  the  present  time  as  one  of  the 
foremost  capitalists  and  leading  figures  of  the  west.  He  is  president  of  many 
companies  of  which  he  was  the  prime  organizer,  among  which  may  be  mentioned : 
the  Vancouver  Timber  &  Trading  Company,  Limited,  which  controls  extensive 
and  valuable  timber  holdings  on  the  Pacific  coast,  and  operate  several  large  logging 
outfits  and  lumber  camps ;  the  Standard  Fisheries  &  Whaling  Company,  Limited, 
which  is  occupied  in  the  development  of  a  most  important  fishing  industry  in  the 
coastal  waters ;  the  Vancouver-Nanaimo  Coal  Mining  Company,  Limited,  oper- 
ating large  coal  interests  upon  Vancouver  island ;  the  Issaquah  &  Superior  Coal 
Mining  Company,  Limited,  with  prominent  mines  in  the  state  of  Washington; 
the  German  Canadian  Trust  Company,  Limited,  of  Victoria,  and  many  others. 

Mr.  von  Alvensleben  was  educated  at  Bernburg  and  Gross  Lichterfelde  in 
Germany,  serving  for  several  years  as  lieutenant  in  the  Prussian  army.  He 
married,  in  1908,  Edith  Mary,  daughter  of  the  late  Captain  Westcott,  one  of 
the  earliest  pioneers  of  Vancouver,  and  has  two  sons  and  one  daughter.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  Vancouver,  Western,  Jericho  Country,  Polo,  Shaughnessy 
Heights  Golf  and  Royal  Vancouver  Yacht  Clubs  of  Vancouver,  and  also  the 
Union  Club  of  Victoria.  Although  he  devotes  the  greater  part  of  his  time  to 
his  multitudinous  business  interests,  he  is  yet  able  to  indulge  his  fondness  for 
wholesome  sports,  among  which  hunting,  shooting,  golf,  polo  and  motoring  are 
his  favorites. 

As  an  example  of  what  may  be  accomplished  by  a  man  of  ambition  and 
energy,  Mr.  von  Alvensleben  undoubtedly  deserves  the  success  he  has  won  by 
his  talents  and  perseverance,  while  as  a  capable  business  man,  a  generous  giver 
and  a  good  citizen,  he  is  a  type  of  which  the  province  of  British  Columbia  has 
every  reason  to  be  proud. 


CAPTAIN    ARTHUR   JAMES    BENJAMIN    MELLISH. 

In  legal,  military  and  club  circles  Captain  Arthur  James  Benjamin  Mellish  is 
so  well  known  that  he  needs  no  introduction  to  the  readers  of  this  volume.  A 
splendid  military  record  is  his,  one  that  connects  him  with  active  service  in  the 
Boer  war,  from  which  he  returned  with  high  honors.  In  days  of  peace  one  would 
hardly  suspect  the  military  spirit  that  underlies  the  quiet  exterior  of  the  man,  who 
always  seems  thorough  master  of  himself  as  he  presents  a  cause  before  the  courts, 
thus  sustaining  the  well  merited  reputation  which  he  has  won  as  an  able  barrister. 
He  was  born  in  Amherst,  Nova  Scotia,  May  16,  1868,  and  is  a  son  of  John 
Thomas  Mellish,  D.  C.  L.,  and  Martha  Jane  Mellish,  nee  Chappel,  both  of  whom 
are  natives  of  Prince  Edward  Island.  The  father  is  a  barrister — a  member  of 
the  Nova  Scotia  and  Prince  Edward  Island  bars.  The  family  is  descended  from 
Captain  Thomas  Mellish,  who  fought  with  the  British  as  an  officer  in  the  Second 
Battalion,  Duke  of  Cumberland's  Regiment,  in  the  American  Revolutionary  war. 

Captain  Mellish  was  married  at  Shirley,  England,  in  the  parish  church  at 
Southampton,  May  17,  1904,  to  Evangeline  Hutton,  a  daughter  of  Augustus 
Fortescue  and  Ellen  (Preston)  Hutton,  of  Woodstock,  South  Africa.  The  father 
is  a  descendant  of  General  Sir  William  Pepperell,  the  conqueror  of  Louisburg, 
while  Mrs.  Hutton  is  a  descendant  of  the  family  of  Admiral  Lord  Nelson  and 
was  honored  by  Admiral  Prince  Louis  of  Battenberg  with  a  personal  visit  on  the 
centenary  of  the  naval  hero's  death  in  1905.  The  four  children  of  this  marriage 
are:  Arthur  Preston,  born  June  10,  1905;  Ellen  Fortescue,  October  23,  1906; 
Humphrey  Walter,  December  7,  1909;  and  Martha  Violet,  June  16,  1912. 

The  following  table  may  be  of  interest  as  showing  Captain  and  Mrs.  Mellish's 
connection  with  the  early  history  of  America  and  Admiral  Nelson's  family. 


CAPTAIN  ARTHUR  J.  B.  MELLISH 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA 


1117 


Capt.  Thomas  Mellish  m. 
Jane,  dau.  of  Captain  Wm. 
Douglas. 


Thomas  Mellish,  b.  1778 
in  Prince  Edward  Island. 
Farmer,  d.  Mar.  13,  1859;  m. 
May,  1802,  Catherine,  dau. 
James  Lewis  Hayden,  a  United 
Empire  Loyalist. 


William   Nelson,  b.   1654,  d.   1713, 
m.  Mary,  dau.  Thomas  Shene. 

Rev.   Edmund   Nelson,  b.   1693,   d. 
1747,  m.  Mary,  dau.  John  Bland. 


Alice,  m.  1760, 
Rev.  Robt.  Rolfe, 
d.  1785. 


James  Lewis  Mellish,  b.  Aug. 
26,  1807,  d.  June  14,  1884. 
Farmer  P.  E.  I.  m.  Margaret, 
dau.  of  John  Murray  of  Tulla- 
more,  Queens  Co.,  Ireland. 


John  Thomas  Mellish,  D.  C. 
L.,  b.  at  Prince  Edward  Island. 
Jan.  26,  1841 ;  m.  July  18,  1867, 
Martha  Jane,  dau.  of  Benj. 
Chappell,  of  Charlottetown, 
P.  E.  I. 


Judge  Sewell  of 

Mass. 

Dau.  m.  Grove 
Hirst,  of  Boston, 
Mass. 

Mary  Hirst,  d. 
1789,  m.  Sir  Wil- 
liam Pepperell, 
Bart.,  Conqueror 
of  Louisburg.  b'. 
1696,  d.  1759. 

Elizabeth  m.  Col. 
Nathaniel  Spar- 
hawk. 

Sir  Wm.  Pep- 
perell, 2d  Bart.  b. 
1746,  d.  1816.  m. 
Nov.  12,  1767, 
Elizabeth,  dau. 
Hon.  Isaac  Royall. 

Elizabeth  m. 
Rev.  Henry  Hut- 
ton,  Eng. 

Rev.  Henry  Hut- 
ton,  Vicar  of  Fil- 
leigh,  Devonshire, 
m.  Sophia  Beevor. 

Augustus      For-  (      Married  Mar   10  )      Ellen     Preston 
tescue    Hutton    of  \  ^  an  IQ'  f  of  Norwich,  Eng- 

Capetown,    S.    A.,  ]  )  land, 

d.  1910. 


Rev.  Edmund 
Nelson,  b.  1722, 
d.  1803,  m.  Cath- 
erine, dau.  Rev. 
Maurice  Suck- 
ling. 


Admiral  Lord 
Nelson,  b.  1758. 
Killed  at  Trafal- 
gar, 1805. 


Rev.  Robt. 
Rolfe,  m.  Eliz. 
Rose. 


Caroline  m. 
Thos.  Preston, 
Capt,  R.  N. 


Arthur  James  Benjamin  Mellish, 
b.  Amherst,  Nova  Scotia,  May  16, 
1868. 


Married  Evangeline  Hutton. 


Arthur  Preston,  b. 
June  10,  1905. 


Ellen      Fortescue, 
b.  Oct.  23,  1906. 


Humphrey     Wal- 
ter, b.  Dec.  7,  1909. 


Martha  Violet,  b. 
June  16,  1912. 


The  initial  words  of  the  military  chapter  of  Captain  Mellish's  life  history 
were  written  in  1885,  when  he  entered  the  service,  at  the  time  of  the  Northwest 
rebellion,  being  under  arms  with  the  New  Brunswick  and  Prince  Edward  Island 
contingent.  Beginning  in  1888  he  served  for  one  year  as  private  secretary  to 
Staff  Commander  Maxwell  on  H.  M.  S.  Gulnare.  In  1893  he  was  made  lieutenant 
in  the  Abegweit  Light  Infantry,  eventually  becoming  captain.  In  1899  he  was 
made  aide-de-camp  to  the  governor  of  Prince  Edward  Island  for  a  term  of  five 
years.  The  same  year  he  went  to  the  front  with  the  First  Canadian  contingent 
in  the  Boer  war,  participating  in  all  of  the  actions  with  that  command.  He  was 
the  third  man  to  enter  the  Boer  laager  at  Paardeberg  and  was  the  first  Canadian 
to  enter  Bloemfontein  on  its  surrender.  He  marched  into  Pretoria  on  the  day 
of  its  fall,  June  3,  1900.  He  was  injured  and  stunned  by  a  shell  at  the  battle  of 
Taba  Mountain  and  was  wounded  at  Doornkop  in  the  battle  of  Johannesburg. 

His  official  record  follows.  Actions:  February  6-8,  1900,  Koodos  Drift; 
February  18-27,  Paardeberg  (Cronje  surrendered  to  his  company)  ;  March  7, 
Poplar  Grove;  March  10,  Driefontein;  March  31,  Relief  of  Sanna's  Post;  April 
4,  Leeuw  Kop;  April  24,  Waterworks;  April  25,  Israel  Poorte  (cut  off  and  main- 
tained position  against  main  force  of  enemy  with  three  companions)  ;  April  26-30, 


1118  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

Taba  N'Chu;  May  1-2,  Hout  Nek  (thrown  in  air  by  exploding  shell  of  enemy  and 
stunned)  ;  May  4,  Welkom  Farm;  May  9,  Zand  River;  May  18,  Lindley ;  May  22, 
Heilbron;  May  29,  Doornkop  or  action  of  Johannesburg  (wounded  in  right  leg)  ; 
June  4,  Six  Mile  Spruit  or  Pretoria;  June  14  to  July  10,  defense  of  Springs; 
July  15-20,  defense  of  Vredefort  Weg.  No  defeats.  Towns  captured:  Feb- 
ruary 15,  Jacobsdale;  March  13,  Bloemfontein;  April  26,  Taba  N'Chu;  May  6, 
Winberg;  May  10,  Ventersberg;  May  12,  Kroonstad;  May  18,  Lindley;  May  22, 
Heilbron;  May  31,  Johannesburg;  June  5,  Pretoria;  and  June  14,  Springs.  He 
received  war  medal  with  clasps  for  Cape  Colony,  Paardeberg,  Driefontein  and 
Johannesburg;  presented  by  present  king.  He  was  invalided  to  England  in 
transport  "Kildonan  Castle,"  having  charge  of  the  orderly  room.  Called  at 
Ascension,  Cape  Verde  islands,  and  Madeira.  Arriving  in  England,  proceeded 
to  France.  Visited  Paris  exposition,  Amiens,  Boulogne,  etc.  Returning,  visited 
England.  Lectured  on  war  at  Ragnall,  Notts,  former  seat  of  Mellishes,  and  at 
Manchester.  Visited  Glasgow  and  Edinburgh,  guest  of  Dr.  Dowden,  lord  bishop 
of  Edinburgh.  Visited  Londonderry,  Belfast  and  other  places  in  Ireland.  He 
was  interviewed  and  photograph  taken  for  Belfast  Telegraph.  At  Liverpool  given 
command  of  a  detachment  of  Canadian  Horse,  Foot,  and  Artillery,  returning 
home.  At  farewell  banquet  given  by  lord  mayor  of  Liverpool  spoke  on  behalf 
of  Canada.  Speech  reported  at  length  in  London  Times,  Liverpool  Post  and 
other  papers,  November  2,  1900.  Arriving  at  Newfoundland  his  command  was 
accorded  great  reception.  He  spoke  at  banquet  tendered  them  and  lectured  at 
Presbyterian  church,  addressed  Methodist  College,  etc.  The  party  crossed  New- 
foundland as  guests  of  Mr.  Reid,  owner  of  railroad.  They  landed  at  Sydney, 
Nova  Scotia,  thence  by  rail  to  Halifax,  where  the  regulars  turned  out  to  welcome 
them.  He  was  orderly  officer  of  the  Second  Infantry  Brigade  when  the  Duke  of 
York,  now  the  king,  visited  Halifax,  and  he  was  twice  mentioned  in  orders  by 
Lord  Dundonald  for  efficiency  in  brigade  camps  at  Sussex,  New  Brunswick,  on 
one  such  occasion  being  attached  to  the  Seventy-fourth  Regiment.  On  removing 
to  Vancouver,  Captain  Mellish  was  transferred  to  the  Seventy-second  Seaforth 
Highlanders  of  Canada,  in  which  he  is  now  captain.  He  holds  a  field  officer's 
infantry  certificate;  a  first-class  military  engineering  certificate;  and  a  first-class 
military  signalling  certificate.  He  was  president  of  the  South  African  Veteran's 
Association  of  Prince  Edward  Island  and  is  president  of  the  South  African  Cam- 
paigners in  Vancouver.  He  commanded  the  Campaigners  and  British  Veterans 
in  the  review  on  the  occasion  of  a  visit  of  the  Duke  of  Connaught  to  Vancouver 
in  1912.  He  has  a  long-service  medal  and  the  auxiliary  colonial  forces  officers' 
decoration  in  addition  to  his  war  medal. 

Captain  Arthur  J.  B.  Mellish  supplemented  his  initial  collegiate  work  by 
thorough  training  in  Harvard  University,  in  which  he  won  the  Bachelor  of  Arts 
degree  in  1892.  While  at  Mount  Allison  University,  where  he  also  won  a  bache- 
lor's degree,  he  was  president  of  the  Eurhetorian  Society  and  at  Harvard  of  the 
Harvard  Canadian  Club.  While  connected  with  the  latter  he  took  prominent 
part  in  opposing,  through  the  Boston  papers,  those  who  advocated  the  annexation 
of  Canada,  which  necessitated  the  writing  of  many  articles.  He  also  acted  as 
assistant  instructor  in  sociology  for  one  year,  1893,  while  at  Harvard.  He  is  a 
matriculant  of  the  University  of  London,  thirty-sixth  in  honors.  When  twelve 
years  old  he  won  a  scholarship  to  the  Halifax  high  school,  being  the  youngest  to 
secure  that  distinction  up  to  that  time.  Three  years  after,  he  entered  the  Prince 
of  Wales  College  and  Normal  School  and  subsequently  attended  the  Royal  Mili- 
tary College  one  term.  In  1898  Captain  Mellish  received  considerable  praise  for 
the  gallant  rescue  of  a  young  lad  from  drowning  at  great  personal  risk  to  himself. 
In  1896  he  entered  upon  the  practice  of  law  in  Prince  Edward  Island  and  in  1910 
came  to  British  Columbia,  being  called  to  the  bar  the  same  year.  During  his 
first  year  here  he  was  associated  with  Russell,  Russell  &  Hancox,  and  is  now 
senior  member  of  the  firm  of  Mellish  &  Davidson.  While  conducting  a  general 
law  practice  he  yet  specializes  in  criminal  law  and  is  well  versed  in  that  depart- 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1119 

ment,  while  his  strength  in  argument,  his  clear  deduction  and  his  oratorical  powers 
render  him  one  of  the  leading  and  successful  representatives  of  that  branch  of 
practice. 

Captain  Mellish  is  a  member  of  the  University  Club  and  of  the  United  Service 
Club  of  Vancouver  and  was  president  of  the  Vancouver  Prince  Edward  Island 
Club.  In  politics  he  is  a  conservative  and  a  strong  imperialist  in  his  views.  For 
many  years  he  was  an  enthusiastic  yachtsman  and  he  has  traveled  extensively  in 
Europe,  the  United  States  and  Africa,  being  one  of  the  first  to  tour  the  old 
country  on  a  bicycle.  Fraternally  he  is  a  Master  Mason,  holding  membership  in 
Orient  Lodge.  He  belongs  to  the  Church  of  England,  for  many  years  was  a  lay 
reader  at  St.  Peter's  cathedral  and  was  a  member  of  the  synod  of  Nova  Scotia 
and  the  general  synod  of  Canada.  He  is  now  a  member  of  the  synod  of  New 
Westminster  and  lay  reader  of  Holy  Trinity  church  and  a  member  of  the  diocesan, 
provincial  and  general  synods.  He  labors  constantly  and  untiringly  for  moral 
progress  as  well  as  for  the  material  upbuilding  of  the  community,  and  he  has 
served  his  country  just  as  faithfully  as  he  has  represented  his  clients  in  the  private 
practice  of  law.  In  every  relation  of  life  he  has  been  found  loyal  to  the  trust 
reposed  in  him  and  his  life  record  is  an  adornment  to  the  annals  of  British 
Columbia. 


SAMUEL  EDGE. 

Samuel  Edge  is  the  owner  of  a  fine  ranch  of  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres  located 
in  Maple  Ridge  district  in  the  vicinity  of  Haney,  where  he  is  engaged  in  diver- 
sified farming,  stock-raising  and  dairying.  His  birth  occurred  in  the  province 
of  Ontario  on  the  9th  of  February,  1857,  his  parents  being  William  and  Harriet 
(Mighton)  Edge.  The  father,  who  was  a  farmer,  removed  with  his  family 
to  British  Columbia  in  1874,  locating  in  Maple  Ridge  district,  where  he  con- 
tinued his  agricultural  pursuits  until  he  passed  away.  The  mother  is  still  living. 

The  boyhood  of  Samuel  Edge  was  passed  on  the  old  homestead  in  Ontario, 
his  education  being  obtained  in  the  district  schools  of  that  vicinity.  At  the 
age  of  fourteen  he  terminated  his  student  days  and  turned  his  attention  to 
agricultural  pursuits  by  assisting  his  father  with  the  cultivation  of  the  farm. 
He  accompanied  his  family  on  their  removal  to  British  Columbia,  remaining 
at  home  for  two  years  thereafter  and  lending  his  energies  to  the  development 
of  the  homestead.  At  the  expiration  of  that  time  he  started  out  for  himself 
and  for  two  seasons  engaged  in  fishing.  The  succeeding  six  years  he  followed 
hand-logging  at  Pitt  lake,  going  from  there  to  Granite  creek,  where  he  mined 
for  two  years.  Feeling  convinced  that  agricultural  pursuits  afforded  better 
opportunities  for  business  advancement,  he  then  came  back  to  Maple  Ridge  and 
purchased  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  land,  and  has  ever  since  been  concen- 
trating his  energies  upon  its  development.  Mr.  Edge  is  a  man  of  practical  yet 
progressive  ideas,  as  is  evidenced  by  the  appearance  of  his  fields,  which  annually 
produce  abundant  harvests,  and  the  condition  of  his  ranch  generally.  He  has 
made  substantial  improvements  on  the  place,  including  the  establishment  of 
a  model  dairy,  which  he  is  successfully  operating  in  connection  with  his  general 
farming  and  stock-raising.  Each  year  has  witnessed  an  advance  in  his  business 
career,  and  he  is  now  numbered  among  the  substantial  citizens  and  efficient 
agriculturists  of  the  district. 

At  Hammond,  British  Columbia,  on  the  5th  of  July,  1888,  Mr.  Edge  was 
married  to  Miss  Mary  Dawson,  a  daughter  of  Henry  Dawson,  and  to  them 
have  been  born  two  sons,  William  V.  and  Clarence  S. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Edge  are  members  of  the  Church  of  England.,  and  fraternally 
he  is  affiliated  with  the  Loyal  Orange  Lodge.  Honest  and  upright  in  all  of  his 
relations  in  life,  .Mr.  Edge  has  won  the  respect  and  esteem  of  his  neighbors 
and  fellow  citizens,  and  is  accorded  the  confidence  of  those  with  whom  he  has 


1120  BRITISH  COLUMBIA 

had  business  transactions.  His  influence  is  ever  exerted  on  the  side  of  improve- 
ment and  progress,  and  he  indorses  such  movements  as  he  feels  will  promote  the 
municipal  interests  or  which  have  for  their  object  the  betterment  of  the  commun- 
ity at  large. 


FRANK  WILLIAM  KILLAM 

Frank  William  Killam  possesses  that  unusual  qualification  known  as  "com- 
mercial sense."  Analysis  shows  the  composite  features  to  be  initiative  keenness, 
persistency  and  unswerving  determination.  This  remarkable  combination  has 
established  Mr.  Killam  in  the  notable  position  which  he  occupies  in  business  circles. 
In  the  erection  of  buildings,  and  development  of  real  estate  he  has  contributed 
greatly  to  the  growth  and  advancement  of  the  northwest.  Many  important  com- 
mercial enterprises,  which  he  has  financed,  owe  their  success  to  the  strenuous 
efforts  of  this  tireless  personality.  Industry  and  determination  have  served  him 
well,  and  the  results  would  turn  older  heads.  His  business  career  is  marked 
by  sound  judgment,  accuracy,  discrimination  and  decisiveness.  This  briefly  is  a 
word  picture  of  the  man  who  talks  little  and  says  much ;  who  has  something  to 
do  and  does  it. 

Mr.  Killam  comes  of  English  ancestry.  He  was  born  in  Yarmouth,  Nova 
Scotia,  May  2,  1879,  the  son  of  William  Austin  and  Josephine  Chute  Killam, 
who  were  married  November  22,  1873,  and  were  the  parents  of  five  children. 
The  founder  of  the  Killam  family  on  fthe  American  continent  was  Augustine  or 
Austin  Kilham,  born  in  1597.  It  appears  that  Austin  Kilham  originally  came  from 
the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  near  Beverly,  where  the  parish  of  Kilham  still 
exists.  It  is  the  principal  market  town  of  that  part  of  England,  and  the  seat 
of  the  Kilham  family  since  the  time  of  William  the  Conqueror.  He  with  his  wife, 
Alice,  and  their  family,  sailed  from  Yarmouth,  Norfolk  county,  England,  in  May, 
1637,  and  arrived  at  Salem,  Massachusetts,  the  same  year.  Later  they  removed 
to  Dedham  and  Chelmsford,  Massachusetts,  but  finally  settled  at  Wenham,  Massa- 
chusetts, where  they  both  died  in  1667,  Austin  Kilham  on  June  5th  and  his  wife 
on  the  first  day  of  July,  the  same  year. 

The  progeny  of  the  Killam  family  is  numerous,  both  in  Canada  and  the 
United  States,  and  many  of  its  members  have  risen  to  positions  of  prominence  in 
the  various  walks  of  life.  The  services  they  have  rendered  along  professional, 
commercial,  and  political  lines,  together  with  the  high  standard  of  ideals  to  which 
they  have  persistently  clung,  have  indelibly  established  them  as  eminent  citizens 
in  the  various  districts  in  which  they  participated.  Ever  noted  for  patriotic 
loyalty  and  unswerving  fidelity  to  the  cause  which  they  espoused,  the  name  of 
Killam  stands  out  prominently  in  the  pages  of  American  and  Canadian  history. 

The  family  home  in  America  was  maintained  in  Massachusetts  until  the  Revo- 
lutionary war,  when  loyalty  to  the  English  Crown  caused  their  removal  together 
with  other  United  Empire  Loyalists  to  the  Dominion  of  Canada,  where  a  settle- 
ment was  made  in  Yarmouth  Country,  Nova  Scotia.  Here  the  Canadian 
progenitor  of  the  family  was  granted  a  large  tract  of  land,  the  greater  part  of 
which  is  still  in  possession  of  his  descendants.  Eliakin  Killam,  2d,  the  grandfather 
of  Frank  W.  Killam,  was  born  in  the  old  homestead  in  Yarmouth  Country,  where 
he  spent  his  entire  life  engaged  in  farming.  This  was  also  the  birthplace  of  his 
son,  William  Austin  Killam,  the  father,  who  still  resides  there,  being  now  actively 
engaged  in  general  agricultural  pursuits,  a  worthy  and  respected  resident  of  the 
community,  his  well  spent  life  here  winning  for  him  the  honor  and  good-will 
of  his  associates  and  neighbors. 

Frank  William  Killam  attended  public  schools  in  Yarmouth  Country,  and  at 
an  early  age  determined  to  learn  the  building  business.  Realizing  that  to  be  a 
master  of  the  trade  it  was  absolutely  necessary  to  possess  a  full  knowledge  in 
detail  of  every  branch  of  the  work,  he  went  to  Boston,  Massachusetts,  in  if 


FRANK  W.  KILLAM 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1123 

and  here  applied  himself  as  an  apprentice  to  the  tinsmith  and  plumber's  trades.  For 
four  years  he  devoted  himself  most  assiduously  to  the  accomplishment  of  his 
purpose,  and  at  the  end  of  that  time  had  become  a  thorough  master  of  both  trades. 
During  these  years  of  his  apprenticeship  he  spent  every  moment  aside  from  his 
chosen  duties  that  he  could  spare,  to  promoting  his  general  knowledge.  His 
close  attention  to  night  school,  where  he  remained  a  student  during  this  time, 
fortified  him  with  a  liberal  education. 

After  having  become  a  practical  journeyman  plumber,  he  followed  the  trade 
in  Boston  for  two  years,  during  which  period  he  conserved  his  earnings  that  he 
might  later  gratify  an  ambition  to  become  established  in  business.  At  the  ex- 
piration of  this  time  he  located  in  Brookline,  a  prosperous  village  on  the  outskirts 
of  Boston,  and  there  inaugurated  the  plumbing  and  tinsmith  business  for  himself. 
Shortly  after,  he  was  stricken  with  a  serious  illness  of  several  weeks'  duration. 
The  attendant  expense  and  enforced  neglect  of  business  during  this  interval, 
together  with  an  exhausted  capital  and  limited  credit,  caused  this  venture  to 
prove  a  failure.  His  recovery  from  this  illness  was  accompanied  by  renewed 
effort.  Undismayed  by  the  force  of  these  unfortunate  circumstances,  he  resolved 
to  conquer  the  other  branches  of  the  building  business,  and  to  this  end  applied 
himself. 

His  strong  tenacity  of  purpose  enabled  him  to  not  only  accomplish  this,  but 
he  combined  the  most  comprehensive  group  of  the  mechanical  principles  of 
constructive  art  with  his  own  natural  gift  of  imagination  and  technical  skill  to 
produce  work  of  the  highest  standard.  His  innate  talent  made  him  an  adept 
student  of  architecture.  He  possessed  an  ardent  desire  for  an  insight  into  this 
fascinating  work,  so  that  when  the  opportunity  presented  itself  he  wras  quick  to 
grasp  and  make  the  greatest  use  of  it.  This  study  afforded  him  much  pleasure, 
and,  although  not  .completing  the  course,  the  knowledge  obtained  has  proved 
invaluable  to  him.  He  outlines  to  his  architect  clearly  and  concisely  unique  ideas 
which  have  been  developed  and  demonstrated  today  in  the  popular  modern 
bungalows,  many  of  which  he  has  created.  His  field  is  a  wide  one,  but  the 
breadth  of  his  experience  is  sufficiently  extensive  to  embrace,  as  it  does,  a 
knowledge  of  construction,  masonry,  carpentry,  plumbing,  heating,  ventilation, 
lighting,  plastering,  tiling,  painting  and  decorating.  His  art  he  applies  to  designs 
serving  widely  different  purposes,  and  the  many  varieties  of  structures  call  for 
distinct  ideas  adapted  to  their  several  uses.  The  more  common  of  these  find 
expression  in  dwelling-houses,  domestic  buildings,  public  buildings,  office  build- 
ings, schools,  libraries,  etc.  To  meet  these  requirements  he  must  plan  and 
construct  in  strict  accordance  with  clearly  defined  laws  and  various  rules  which 
more  or  less  control  the  method  of  erection,  and  on  all  these  matters  he  is 
recognized  as  a  most  competent  authority. 

The  glowing  stories  of  the  west  with  its  promise  of  golden  opportunities 
lured  him  from  the  field  of  his  early  experiences.  He  removed  to  Grand  Forks, 
North  Dakota,  in  the  fall  of  1904  and  here  found  the  entire  community  engaged  in 
harvesting  the  crops.  He  immediately  became  a  farm  hand,  and  later  in  the 
season  found  employment  at  the  carpenter  trade  in  building  grain  elevators. 

The  piercing  cofd  of  mid-winter  caused  a  cessation  of  work  and  the  number 
of  unemployed  far  exceeded  the  demand  for  labor.  The  situation  was  desperate, 
the  suffering  intense.  Scarcity  of  money  made  it  almost  impossible  to  obtain 
either  food  or  shelter.  So  dire  was  his  necessity  that  he  walked  twenty-one  miles 
in  the  coldest  day  of  December  carrying  a  set  of  carpenter's  tools  for  a  few  days 
work  on  a  grain  elevator.  In  his  later  struggle  for  existence  during  this  dreary 
winter,  he  called  upon  physicians,  professional  men,  in  fact,  upon  anybody  who 
could  afford  to  pay  him,  and  rendered  his  services  in  disposing  of  ashes  or  per- 
forming various  menial  duties  that  he  might  provide  for  his  family  through  this 
long  severe  winter. 

Such  experiences  and  fortitude  proved  the  ability,  character  and  strength  ot 
his  nature.  Many  men  would  have  bitterly  complained  of  being  unable  to  secure 
employment  and  scorned  to  do  this  servile  work,  yet  his  purpose  to  "get  there" 

Vol.  Ill— 40 


1124  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

never  forsook  him,  and  accordingly  the  following  spring  he  started  for  Kenmare, 
North  Dakota,  and  there  secured  work  at  the  carpenter  trade.  He  obtained  a 
contract  to  build  a  barn,  which  was  the  entering  wedge  of  a  most  promising  con- 
tracting business,  successful  from  the  beginning.  At  last  he  could  gratify  the 
ambition  to  which  he  was  so  devoted,  and  which  eventually  won  for  him  en- 
viable success.  His  building  operations  returned  to  him  most  satisfactory 
financial  profits,  and  he  began  acquiring  real  estate  in  the  form  of  vacant  property, 
developing  the  same,  and  building  houses  thereon,  which  he  sold  on  the  deferred 
payment  plan.  This  undertaking  proved  most  successful,  and  he  became  the 
owner  of  much  realty.  He  had  cleared  about  twenty  thousand  dollars  from  this 
industry,  when  fortune  ceased  to  smile  and  ill-luck  again  became  his  consort. 

A  railroad  built  paralleling  the  line  on  which  Kenmare  was  located,  diverted 
all  the  western  trade  from  that  city.  This  being  accompanied  by  a  complete  crop 
failure  collapsed  the  boom  which  Kenmare  had  been  enjoying,  and  the  price  of 
real  estate  in  that  locality  took  a  decided  decline,  leaving  Mr.  Killam  once  more 
penniless.  With  a  strong  resolute  spirit  he  made  his  way  to  Vancouver,  arriving 
here  in  1907,  without  money,  but  rich  in  the  acquisition  of  his  trade.  He  obtained 
several  months'  work  at  tinsmithing.  He  had  entered  the  employ  of  Brown 
Brothers,  nurserymen,  and,  acting  as  salesman,  traveled  through  the  Okanagan 
valley.  Being  a  tireless  worker  he  soon  was  recognized  as  one  of  the  best  sales- 
men representing  that  house.  He  studied  the  conditions  of  trade,  and  having  a 
close  knowledge  of  human  nature  learned  when  to  push  sales  or  discontinue 
argument.  Bding  thoroughly  reliable  as  well  as  enterprising  in  his  dealings  he 
won  the  confidence  of  the  public,  which  gained  him  profitable  patronage.  He 
remained  with  this  firm  about  a  year  and  was  again  about  to  enter  business  for 
himself  when  another  severe  illness  prevailed  and  his  hard-earned  savings  were 
dissipated  by  doctor  bills,  enforced  idleness  and  medical  attendance. 

Appreciating  the  fact  that  fortune  taunts  the  dreamer,  but  eventually  sur- 
renders to  the  man  of  resolute  spirit  and  determination,  he  again  courageously 
faced  the  situation.  Entering  the  employ  of  the  Aetna  Investment  Company  of 
Vancouver  as  real-estate  salesman  on  commission  basis,  he  was  assigned  to  the 
Okanagan  valley  again,  and  here  made  a  record  of  which  he  may  be  justly  proud. 
During  the  six  months  he  operated  in  this  locality  he  cleared  in  commissions  and 
real-estate  tradings  about  twenty  thousand  dollars,  a  notable  achievement  for 
one-half  year's  work. 

Mr.  Killam  then  returned  to  Vancouver,  and  established  an  office  on  Park 
Drive,  where  he  returned  to  his  alma  mater,  and  embarked  in  the  business  for 
which  he  had  for  so  long  earnestly  and  laboriously  trained  himself.  He  had 
never  in  the  face  of  his  many  disappointments  abandoned  the  plan  which 
actuated  him  at  the  outset  of  his  career.  During  all  his  experiences,  of  varying 
success,  or  subsequent  failure,  he  still  held  to  the  belief  that  he  would  one  day 
enter  the  contracting  field  permanently.  He  now  began  business  under  the  name 
of  the  Bungalow  Construction  Association,  in  which  connection  he  handled  real 
estate,  and  built  attractive  modern  bungalows.  The  initial  cash  capital  he  em- 
ployed was  only  one  thousand  dollars,  and  realty  assets  of  about  twenty  thou- 
sand more.  He  erected  his  first  bungalow  on  Woodland  Drive,  Grandview, 
Before  it  was  completed  he  began  on  two  more  semi-bungalows,  and  the  three 
were  sold  before  any  was  finished. 

From  now.  on,  progress  was  rapid ;  business  was  crowding  him  and  near  the 
close  of  1911  the  firm  entered  into  a  contract  to  build  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
four  bungalows.  They  employed  a  large  force  of  workmen,  and  these  buildings 
were  erected  at  the  rate  of  one  a  day.  In  November,  1911,  owing  to  the  immense 
increase  of  the  business  the  offices  of  the  company  were  removed  to  the  ground 
floor  of  the  Pacific  building  at  No.  416  Howe  street.  In  May,  1912,  the  company 
was  incorporated  as  The  Bungalow  Finance  &  Building  Company,  of  which  Mr. 
Killam  became  president  and  managing  director,  and  so  continues  to  the  present 
time.  The  further  demands  made  upon  the  company  compelled  the  enlargement 
of  their  quarters,  and  the  adjoining  offices  at  No.  418  Howe  street  were  acquired. 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1125 

The  lofty  and  spacious  apartments,  luxuriantly  furnished,  equipped  with  every 
up-to-date  requirement  in  detail  and  fitted  with  large  prominent  window  areas, 
the  whole  being  located  on  the  ground  floor  of  the  Pacific  building,  makes  them 
the  best  appointed  offices  in  the  city  of  Vancouver. 

Up  to  the  present  time  the  operations  of  the  company  have  consisted  prin- 
cipally of  the  erection  of  bungalows,  ranging  in  price  from  fifteen  hundred  dollars 
to  as  many  thousands,  depending  entirely  on  the  location,  size,  style  and  finish  of 
the  buildings.  The  company  has  sold  hundreds  of  homes  on  the  deferred  payment 
plan  to  persons  who  could  not  possibly  have  owned  them  under  any  other  circum- 
stances. They  have  never  exercised  the  privilege  under  the  contract  of  recovering 
a  house  because  the  purchaser  through  some  unfortunate  circumstance  has  failed 
to  make  his  payments.  Mr.  Killam's  trying  experiences  in  former  years  awakened 
in  him  a  feeling  of  sympathy,  which  may  be  regarded  as  generosity  and  kindness 
to  those  who  are  undergoing  similar  trials.  He  does  not  press  payment  under 
these  circumstances,  and  the  result  has  been  one  of  the  most  successful  industries 
ever  launched  in  Vancouver,  its  growth  and  prosperity  being  attributable  to  Mr. 
Killam's  practical  training  of  former  years. 

One  of  the  specialties  of  the  real-estate  department  is  the  development  and 
sale  of  ready-made  farms,  of  from  ten  to  forty  acres  each.  These  farms  are  all 
going  ones,  each  of  which  possesses  a  house,  a  barn,  and  chicken  houses ;  and  the 
grounds  are  prepared  for  cultivation.  The  purchaser  makes  his  first  payment, 
moves  in,  begins  his  work  of  developing  and  cultivating,  eventually  paying  for 
the  property  from  the  products  of  his  labor.  This  innovation  has  met  with  great 
success,  due  to  the  easy  payments  and  the  improvements  which  are  already  under 
way  or  completed,  for  the  incoming  tenant. 

The  immense  development  of  British  Columbia  has  found  Mr.  Killam  alive 
to  the  exigencies  of  the  occasion.  With  every  progressive  movement  in  this  great 
province  he  has  measured  his  identity  and  broadened  the  environments  of  his 
offices.  While  originally  organized  for  supplying  the  community  with  good,  com- 
fortable homes  at  moderate  prices,  which  he  was  enabled  to  do  by  a  system  of 
wholesale  purchase  of  materials,  the  maintenance  of  his  own  corps  of  architects 
and  draughtsmen,  he  has  looked  farther  ahead  and  recognizes  that  the  develop- 
ment of  Vancouver  is  altogether  dependent  upon  the  larger  development  of  the 
great  province  that  lies  behind  it.  To  cut  the  timber,  till  the  soil,  and  force  the 
hidden  treasures  from  the  mines  was  his  ambition.  His  company,  therefore, 
reached  farther  afield  and  branched  into  the  timber  industry.  They  now  own 
under  Crown  and  provincial  grants  in  the  province  over  one  billion  and  a  half 
feet  of  timber,  and  undeveloped  lands  exceeding  six  thousand  acres.  He  is  now 
contemplating  the  colonization  of  these  lands,  and  expects  to  see  a  growing  and 
prosperous  community  there  in  a  very  short  time.  Not  alone  .is  the  colonist 
afforded  lands  at  a  minimum  cost,  but  he  is  guaranteed  employment  at  the  stand- 
ard rate  of  wages  for  a  number  of  years.  Thus  he  accomplishes  the  double 
function  of  development  and  colonization,  a  most  laudable  ambition,  unique  idea 
and  ingenious  plan. 

It  will  be  seen  from  all  this  that  the  man  possesses  a  clear  vision  of  the  future. 
He  anticipated  far  beyond  the  limits  of  the  ordinary  human  being.  He  con- 
verts into  actual  probability  that  which  appears  a  mere  possibility.  His  natural 
executive  ability  has  long  since  been  recognized.  His  advice  and  aid  are  con- 
stantly in  demand,  and  many  growing  industries  throughout  the  country  owe 
their  existence  to  him.  He'  has  extensive  financial  connections  in  European 
countries,  and  commands  practically  unlimited  capital.  Through  these  associa- 
tions he  has  brought  large  sums  of  foreign  money  to  British  Columbia,  and  in 
every  way  has  been  a  dominant  factor,  as  responsible  for, the  substantial  growth 
and  development  of  Vancouver  and  province  as  any  man  residing  within  its 

borders.  ,   ..  ,      £ 

Some  idea  of  the  volume  of  his  transactions  may  be  gathered  from  the  fact 
that  in  two  months  he  has  turned  over  in  his  office  business  amounting  to  one 


1126  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

million  dollars  of  profit,  and  now  has  an  office  force  of  over  thirty  people,  con- 
stantly employed  in  looking  after  the  details  of  his  ever  increasing  business. 

It  will  be  seen  from  the  foregoing  that  what  Mr.  Killam  undertakes  he  ac- 
complishes. His  energy  is  unabating,  his  industry  indefatigable,  and  his  enter- 
prise unfaltering.  He  organized  and  is  vice  president  of  the  Canadian  Automatic 
Fender  Company,  of  Vancouver,  which  controls  the  patents  of  the  Nelson  Safety 
Fenders  for  street  cars.  He  is  also  president  and  organizer  of  the  Lumbermen's 
Trust  Company,  of  Vancouver,  .a  corporation  of  .one  million  dollars  capital.  He 
also  was  one  of  the  organizers,  and  is  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Hudson  Bay 
Mortgage  Corporation,  which  is  capitalized  for  (ten  million  dollars. 

Mr.  Killam  can  turn  from  his  important  and  extensive  business  interests  to 
his  home  life  and  enjoy  this  to  the,  full.  His  pleasure  in  his  success  comes  in 
considerable  measure  from  the  fact  that  it  enables  him  to  provide  liberally  for  his 
family.  He  was  married  September  18,  1902,  in  Boston,  Massachusetts,  to  Miss 
Rosie  J.  Russell,  a  daughter  of  Henry  Russell,  of  that  city.  They  lost  one  child, 
Franklin  William,  who  died  in  North  Dakota  at  the  age  'of  nineteen  months,  and 
they  now  have  an  interesting  little  daughter,  Florence. 

Such,  in  brief,  is  the  life  history  of  Frank  William  Killam,  who,  starting  out 
in  the  business  world  from  the  farm  at  the  age  of  eighteen  years,  with  twenty-five 
cents,  is  today  ranked  among  Vancouver's  foremost  capitalists,  and  one  of  the 
empire  builders  of  the  northwest.  What  a  record  for  a  young  man  of  thirty-four 
years!  A  record,  too,  that  has  included  several  disastrous,  periods,  and  yet  never 
for  a  moment  has  the  smile  left  his  face,  nor  courage  fled  from  his  heart. 
Obstacles  and  difficulties  in  his  way  have  seemed  but  to  serve  as  an  impetus  for 
renewed  effort  and  he  has  forged  ahead  in  the  face  of  opposition  and  discourage- 
ment. He  attributes  his  advancement  largely  to  his  determination  to  win  success, 
a  determination  which  he  has  never  for  a  moment  put  aside.  He  is  a  large  man 
physically,  well  proportioned,  of  impressive  appearance  and  engaging  personality, 
and  is  a  forceful,  convincing  and  entertaining  talker.  The  career  of  no  one  men- 
tioned in  this  volume  is  perhaps  a  better  illustration  ,of  the  words  of  Elbert 
Hubbard  : 

"The  man  who  is  worthy  to  become  a  leader  of  men  will  not  complain  of  the 
stupidity  of  his  helpers,  the  ingratitude  of  mankind — the  inappredation  of  the 
public. 

"These  things  are  part  of  the  great  game  of  life.  To  meet  them  and  not  go 
down  before  them  in  discouragement  and  defeat  is  the  the  final  proof  of  power." 


THE  MOST  REV.  TIMOTHY  CASEY,  D.D. 

Of  the  dignitaries  of  the  Catholic  church  who  have  successively  occupied  the 
Archiepiscopal  See  of  Vancouver,  none  have  more  worthily  filled  the  high  position 
than  its  present  occupant,  His  Grace,  the-  Most  Reverend  Timothy  Casey,  D.  D. 
Personality  assists,  in  no  small  measure,  in  the  proper  discharge  of  the  onerous 
and  complicated  duties  of  an  archdiocese,  and  in  Archbishop  Casey,  the  Holy  See 
made  a  wise  choice  when  selecting  him  for  the  great  and  ever  growing  western 
province  of  British  Columbia. 

His  Grace  first  saw  the  light  in  a  village  in  Charlotte  county,  New  Bruns- 
wick, where  he  was  born  on  February  20,  1862.  \  Educated  first  in  the  well  known 
public  school  at  Mount  Stephen,  he  took  his  classical  and  philosophical  courses  in 
St.  Joseph's  College.  From  thence  he  proceeded  to  the  Grand  Seminary  at 
Quebec,  and  after  the  completion  of  the  customary  studies  was  ordained  priest 
m  the  Cathedral  of  the  Immaculate  Conception,  St.  John,  New,  Brunswick,  on  the 
Feast  of  SS.  Peter  and  Paul  (June  29),  1886.  After  .his  ordination  the  young 
priest  was  attached  to  the, cathedral  where  he  remained  for  eleven  years,  winning 
the  esteem  and  affection  of  his  parishioners.  His  next  appointment  was  as 
parish  priest  of  St.  Dunstan's,  Fredericton,  New  Brunswick,  and  while  discharg- 


TIMOTHY  CASEY,  ARCHBISHOP  OF  VANCOUVER 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1129 

ing  his  priestly  duties  there  he  was  selected  as  coadjutor  bishop  of  St.  John.  He 
was  consecrated  to  this  high  dignity  on  February  n,  1900,  amid  the  hearty  con- 
gratulations and  good  wishes  of  priests  and  faithful.  On  March  25,  1901,  he 
succeeded  the  Right  Rev.  John  Sweeney,  D.  D.,  as  bishop  of  St.  John  and  con- 
tinued to  administer  the  duties  of  the  far  eastern  see  till  he  was  marked  for  still 
higher  honor  as  archbishop  of  Vancouver.  That  the  eastern  diocese  was  in  a 
flourishing  state  on  the  retirement  of  its  head  was  shown  from  the  clerical  figures 
annually  submitted  in  illustration  of  ,the  condition  of  the  see.  There  were 
sixty-four  priests,  ninety-three  churches  and  missions  and  two  hundred  and 
twelve  students  in  the  diocesan  college.  Supervised  by  the  diocesan  authorities 
were  one  college,  two  academies,  two  orphan  asylums,  three  industrial  schools, 
one  asylum  for  old  people  and  one  hospital.  The  entire  Catholic  population  was 
estimated  at  over  sixty  thousand  when  His  Grace  bade  farewell,  to  the  diocese 
in  which  he  had  spent  his  entire  life  to  the  date  of  his  departure  for  the  "golden 
west."  While, in  the  eastern  diocese  Bishop  Casey  issued  a  pastoral  on  the  tem- 
perance question,  on  which  he  holds  strong  views.  The  pastoral,  though  merely 
addressed  to  the  faithful  of  the  diocese,  was  published  far  and  near  and  the 
surprised  prelate  received  hundreds  of  complimentary  letters  from  members  of 
all  denominations  thanking  him  for  his  vigorous  defence  of  temperance  principles. 

Referring  to  the  departure  of  Bishop  Casey  from  St.  John,  New  Brunswick, 
the  St.  John  Globe  said : . 

''The  departure  of  His  Grace,  the  Archbishop  of  Vancouver,  from  St.  John 
will  be  deeply  regretted  by  citizens  generally  as  by  the  members  of  the  church 
of  which  he  is  a  distinguished  ecclesiastic.  Archbishop  Casey  has  been  a  resident 
of  St.  John  during  the  greater  part  of  the  twenty-six  years  since  his  ordination, 
and  he  has  been  ever  interested,  in  an  unobtrusive  way,  in  everything  that  per- 
tains to  the  welfare  of  the  city.  While  a  priest  here,, attached  to  the  cathedral, 
he  won  reputation  as  a  preacher,  which  increased  as  the  years  went  by.  As  bishop 
his  services  as  a  pulpit  orator  were  called  into  requisition  on  many  important 
occasions,  notably  at  the  Plenary  Council  at  Quebec,  at  the  installation  of  Arch- 
bishop Gauthier  at  Ottawa,  and  at  a  special  service  held  in  St.  Patrick's  Church, 
Montreal.  This  fact,  no  doubt,  helped  to  attract  the  attention  of  the  authorities 
at  Rome  to  his  rising  importance  in  the  church  in  Canada,  and  in  some  degree  led 
to  his  promotion  to  the  growing  archdiocese  of  Vancouver.  Through  his  pastoral 
letters  also  His  Grace  has  loomed  large  on  the  ecclesiastical  horizon.  He  dealt 
ably  and  lucidly  with  many  important  questions,  treating  them  in  a  way  that 
awakened  the  interest  of  all  people  who  give  serious  thought  to  such  matters, 
even  though  they  did  not  always  agree  with  the  conclusions  reached.  All  Canada 
was  stirred  by  his  strong  and  bold  pronouncement  on  the  liquor  question,  which 
was  the  subject  of  one  pastoral  letter.  During  the  eleven  years  of  his  episcopate 
—for,  although  he  was  consecrated  on  February  1 1,  1900,  he  did  not  assume  charge 
of  the  diocese  until  the  death  of  the  Reverend  Bishop  Sweeney  on  March  25,  1901 
— he  has  devoted  himself  to  the  interests  of  the  church  in  its  many  branches. 
He  will  leave  St.  John  to  the  sorrow  of  the  Catholic  people,  even  though  they 
know  Rome  has  selected  him  for  preferment  in  a  wider  field  of  labor.  In  the 
prime  of  life — Archbishop  Casey  was  fifty  years  of  age  in  February  .last— in 
excellent  health,  genial  in, manner,  thoroughly  trained  in  church  affairs,  a  facile 
writer  and  a  ready  and  eloquent  speaker,  His  Grace  is  admirably  qualified  for 
the  work  that  awaits  him  in  the  west.  Vancouver  is  destined  to.  be,  within  a  brief 
period,  an  archdiocese  with  a  large  population  and  many  wants.  An  able  man 
was  required  to  fill  the  place  vacated  by  Archbishop  McNeil  and  the  authorities  at 
Rome  promptly  decided  that  another  prelate  from  the  Atlantic  coast  possessed  all 
the  requirements.  While  regretting ,  Archbishop  Casey's  coming  departure,  the 
people  of  St.  John  will  heartily  congratulate  him  on  the  honor  done  him,  and  will 
wish  him  long  life  and  success  in  his  work  in  his  new  home." 

Arriving  in  Vancouver  on  December  i,  1912,  His  Grace  lost  no  time  in  com- 
mencing the  study  of  the  problems  which  had  to  be  considered  in  this  pioneer 
land  Quietly  but  effectively,  he  made  himself  master  of  the  position  of  the 


1130  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

church  in  British  Columbia,  and  by  his  urbane  and  courteous  manner  won  the 
affections  of  the  west  as  he  did  those  of  the  east.  He  is  already  a  tower  of 
strength  to  his  priests  and  people,  who  are  as  one  in  loyalty  and  devotion  to  their 
spiritual  head. 

During  May  and  June  he  carried  out  a  complete  tour  of  the  Kootenay,  Bound- 
ary, and  Slocan ,  districts,  visiting  places  where,  previously,  the  foot  of  a  bishop 
had  never  trodden.  In  every  center  addresses  were  presented  to  him  by  either 
Indians  or  .whites,  and  everywhere  he  was  welcomed  with  acclamation.  In 
October,  His  Grace  made  an  exhaustive  pastoral  visitation  from  Agassiz  to  Pem- 
berton  Meadows,  blessing  several  new  Indian  churches  and  receiving  delegations 
and  addresses  from  whites  and  Indians.  As  he  is  untiring  in  his  labors  he  also 
contemplates  a  pastoral  visitation  which  will  include  Kamloops  and  district. 
When  in  Vancouver  he  is  furthering  the  cause  of  Catholicity  throughout  his  vast 
territory.  Priests  are  being  multiplied,  and  churches  opened  wherever  possible, 
thus  building  up  for  the  ,  future.  His  Grace  has  received  the  gift  of  a  costly 
archiepiscopal  palace  at  Shaughnessy  Heights,  Vancouver,  as  a  tribute  of  affection 
from  his  people.  He  has  selected  the  Church  of  Our  Lady  of  the  ,Holy  Rosary 
as  his  pro-cathedral  and  a  few  weeks  ago  blessed  and  opened  a  fine  new  church 
for, the  Servite  Fathers  on  Slocan  and  Pender  streets,  Vancouver.  That, British 
Columbia  will  yet  be  one  of  .the  greatest,  if  not  the  greatest  archdiocese  in  Canada, 
its  Catholic  population  are  convinced,  and  when  that  great  day  dawns  that  the 
credit  is  due  to  its  popular  archbishop  will  also  be  .admitted  without  question. 
The  Catholics  of  the  province  were  never  more  united,  and  never  more  en- 
thusiastic than  at  present.  With  considerably  .over  seventy  thousand  devoted 
people  on  the  mainland,  and,  in  addition,  the  numerous  populations  owning  al- 
legiance to  the  suffragan  bishop  of  Victoria  and  the  prefect-apostolic  of  the  Yukon, 
there  is  a  great  future  before  the  Catholic  church  in  the  west.  Annually  the 
numbers  yielding  unquestioned  allegiance, to  the  church  are  rapidly  swelling,  and 
within  a  dozen  years  she  will  have  a  huge  body  devoted  to  her  interests.  When 
this  happy  period  arrives  it  is  more  than  probable  that  .the  archdiocese,  as  now 
constituted,  may  be  ruled  by  an  even  higher  dignitary  than  an  archbishop. 
Meantime  the  seed  is  being  planted  for  the  abundant  harvest. 


WILLIAM    GILLIS. 

William  Gillis  is  numbered  among  the  very  earliest  pioneers  in  British  Colum- 
bia, his  residence  dating  from  1869.  Thereafter  for  a  period  of  time  covering  the 
greatest  growth  and  upbuilding  of  the  province  he  traveled  to  various  localities, 
associating  himself  with  a  great  deal  of  work  of  a  progressive  and  constructive 
character  and  bearing  an  active  and  honorable  part  in  the  promotion  of  develop- 
ment in  the  different  communities  where  he  made  his  home.  During  the  greater 
portion  of  this  time  he  has  been  identified  with  the  shipbuilding  trade  but  has 
now  retired  from  active  life  and  resides  in  Port  Haney  which  numbers  him  among 
her  valued  and  representative  citizens. 

Mr.  Gillis  was  born  on  Prince  Edward  Island,  February  i,  1850,  and  is  a  son 
of  Alexander  and  Florie  Gillis,  both  of  whom  have  passed  away.  He  acquired 
a  limited  education  in  the  public  schools  but,  like  all  the  boys  of  his  neighborhood, 
turned  his  attention  at  an  early  age  to  the  shipbuilding  trade  which  he  followed 
for  many  years  thereafter  with  gratifying  and  well  deserved  success.  He  worked 
on  Prince  Edward  Island  until  he  left  for  the  west,  journeying  by  way  of  the 
isthmus  of  Panama  to  San  Francisco.  Finding  business  dull  in  that  city  he 
continued  up  the  coast  to  British  Columbia  and  he  landed  in  Victoria  in  1869. 
In  the  same  year  he  went  to  New  Westminster  and  from  there  continued  on  up 
the  Fraser  river,  working  at  ship  building  and  carpentering  in  various  localities. 
He  drifted  to  practically  every  part  of  the  province  and  came  to  Port  Haney 
for  the  first  time  when  there  were  very  few  settlers  in  the  community  and  when 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  1131 

pioneer  conditions  prevailed  everywhere.  Eventually  he  preempted  land  in  the 
Okanagan  valley  and  with  true  business  foresight  held  it  for  the  increase  in  value 
which  came  as  the  section  became  more  thickly  populated  and  its  wonderful 
advantages  as  a  fruit-raising  district  became  generally  recognized.  Mr.  Gillis 
spent  eight  years  there,  improving  his  land  which  he  afterward  sold  at  a  substan- 
tial profit.  He  then  continued  at  his  work  of  carpentering  and  bridge  building 
until  he  retired  from  active  life,  moving  to  Port  Haney  where  he  has  since 
resided. 

Mr.  Gillis  married  in  1884  Miss  Christie  MacTavish,  a  daughter  of  Alex  and 
Catherine  MacTavish.  Mrs.  Gillis  died  in  1905,  leaving  eight  children,  four  sons 
and  four  daughters.  Mr.  Gillis  is  a  devout  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church 
and  is  a  liberal  in  his  political  beliefs,  never  seeking  political  preferment  but  taking 
an  intelligent  interest  in  community  affairs.  He  did  efficient  and  capable  work  as 
a  member  of  the  board  of  school  trustees  and  the  cause  of  education  has  ever 
found  in  him  an  earnest  and  stanch  champion.  His  retirement  is  well  earned  for 
it  has  followed  many  years  of  labor  and  crowns  a  life  that  has  been  upright, 
straightforward  and  honorable  in  all  its  relations. 


JOHN  C.  BRYANT. 

Most  interesting  and  varied  has  been  the  career  of  John  C.  Bryant,  proprietor 
of  the  Old  Flag  Inn,  and  one  of  the  pioneer  miners  of  British  Columbia^  who 
has  the  added  distinction  of  having  planted  the  first  flag,  aside  from  that  of  the 
Hudson's  Bay  Company,  on  the  Fraser  river,  and  also  served  on  the  first  jury 
in  British  Columbia.  He  was  born  in  Cornwall,  England,  on  the  22d  of  Septem- 
ber, 1831,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Rebecca  (Craddock)  Bryant,  both  of  whom 
passed  away  in  Cornwall,  where  the  father  worked  in  the  tin  mines. 

The  son  of  a  miner,  the  early  advantages  of  John  C.  Bryant  were  very  meager. 
He  attended  school  until  he  had  attained  the  age  of  twelve  years,  when  he  laid 
aside  his  text-books,  and  began  qualifying  himself  for  the  heavier  responsibilities 
of  life.  During  the  succeeding  six  years  he  worked  at  stone  cutting,  but  at  the 
expiration  of  that  time  he  went  into  the  mines  with  his  father.  His  energies  were 
devoted  to  this  occupation  until  he  had  attained  the  age  of  twenty-one  years, 
when  he  sought  other  lines  of  activity.  A  longing  to  pursue  his  career  amid 
conditions  different  from  those  in  which  he  had  been  reared  and  to  experience 
life  in  the  newer  sections  of  the  world  resulted  in  his  taking  passage  for  the 
United  States  in  1854.  He  located  in  the  Lake  Superior  region  where  he  worked 
in  the  copper  mines  for  two  years,  but  at  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  deter- 
mined to  try  his  luck  in  the  gold  fields,  so  he  started  for  California,  going  by 
way  of  Nicaragua.  The  next  two  years  he  spent  in  the  placer  mines,  where 
he  met  with  a  fair  degree  of  success,  but  when  the  Fraser  river  gold  excitement 
started  in  1858  he  came  with  a  friend,  William  Ladner,  to  British  Columbia. 
For  a  few  months  he  prospected  with  fair  results  on  the  Fraser  river  and  then 
joined  Thomas  Trounce  at  Victoria.  The  year  following  he  went  to  the  Cariboo 
district  by  way  of  Douglas  Portage.  This  was  a  most  difficult  journey  and  one 
fraught  with  many  dangers,  as  they  traveled  over  a  wilderness  and  through 
dense  forests  for  a  distance  of  four  hundred  miles,  without  even  a  road  to  guide 
them.  Here  he  continued  prospecting  for  nine  years,  and  at  the  expiration  of 
that  time  decided  to  change  the  seat  of  his  operations  to  the  Omineca  country. 
After  being  identified  with  the  mining  interests  of  the  latter  country  for  several 
years,  he  went  down  the  Skeena  river  and  established  a  general  store  and  public 
house.  Here  he  disposed  of  his  merchandise  to  the  trappers  and  Indians  for 
hides,  which  he  later  sold  to  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company.  He  continued  in  this 
business  until  1890,  when  he  came  to  Nanaimo.  Ten  years  later  he  bought  the 
Old  Flag  Inn,  then  the  property  of  one  of  his  former  partners,  which  he  has 
ever  since  conducted.  At  the  time  the  miners  came  into  the  Fraser  river  terri- 


1132  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

tory  in  1858,  a  dispute  arose  regarding  the  territory,  and  Mr.  Bryant  made  a  flag 
from  a  pair  of  old  overalls,  a  flannel  shirt  and  a  flour  sack,  which  he  planted 
at  a  point  commanding  a  wide  view  of  the  surrounding  country.  Soon  thereafter 
Governor  Douglas  who  was  making  a  trip  north  to  Yale,  stopped  at  Fort  Hope 
and  walked  back  two  miles  to  see  the  flag,  and  upon  his  return  to  Victoria  sent 
up  a  special  messenger  with  a  Union  Jack  to  be  substituted  for  the  other.  Mr. 
Bryant  is  familiar  with  the  entire  territory  of  British  Columbia,  over  the  greater 
portion  of  which  he  has  walked,  having  traveled  alone  from  Portage  over  the 
Rocky  mountains  to  Johnson  creek,  and  to  tide  water  on  the  west,  while  he  went 
up  to  Yale  before  the  steamers  were  in  operation.  During  the  early  years  of  his 
residence  here  he  did  considerable  trapping  in  the  winter,  selling  the  pelts  to  the 
Hudson's  Bay  Company.  Soon  after  his  arrival  here  in  1858,  Mr.  Bryant  was 
summoned  to  serve  on  the  first  jury  ever  called  in  British  Columbia,  the  trial 
being  held  at  Fort  Hope. 

Mr.  Bryant's  hostelry  is  one  of  the  historic  landmarks  of  this  section,  and 
here  oftentimes  he  is  induced  to  relate  his  experiences  in  the  northwest  at  a 
period  when  the  woods  yet  abounded  with  wild  game  and  the  Indians  wandered 
over  the  trackless  wilds,  where  now  are  to  be  found  highly  cultivated  farms 
and  thriving  towns  and  villages. 


HON.  JOHN  SEBASTIAN  HELMCKEN,  M.  R.  C.  S.,  L.  S.  A. 

There  is  no  more  distinguished  citizen,  no  more  venerated  and  venerable 
pioneer  in  Victoria  than  Hon.  John  Sebastian  Helmcken,  an  eminent  physician 
who  came  to  this  city  early  in  1850  and  has  witnessed  its  growth  from  the  build- 
ing of  the  first  modest  little  house  to. its  present  magnificent  size.  He  was  born 
June  5,  1825,  in  London,  England,  and  comes  of  pure  German  ancestry.  His 
father  was  a  native  of  Bremerlee,  Germany,  and  his  mother's  father  a  native  of 
Miskirch. 

John  Sebastian  Helmcken  acquired  his  early  education  in  his  native  city.  His 
father  having  died,  Dr.  Graves,  of  Trinity  Square  on  Tower  Hill,  London,  a  well 
known  physician, in  his  day,  took  .a  liking  to  the  boy  and,  with  the  consent  and 
thanks  of  his  beloved  mother,  very  kindly  gave  him  a  position  in  his  surgery  with 
pay,  intending  him  to  become  a  druggist.  Eventually  young  Helmcken  was 
articled  as  ,an  apprentice,  during  which  time  he  had  to  put  up  all  of  the  pre- 
scriptions, including  the  making  of  .pills,  which,  in  those  days,  was  a  matter 
entirely  different  from  today.  Before  the  expiration  of  the  four  years'  ap- 
prenticeship he  became  a  student  at  Guys  Hospital,  London,  one  of  the  .most 
famous  institutions  of  the  kind,  its  capacity  being  six  hundred  beds.  At  the  end 
of  four  years'  connection  with  the  hospital,  having  fulfilled  the  legal  requirements, 
Mr.  Helmcken  obtained  a  diploma  from  the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons,  England, 
also  a  license  from  the  Apothecaries  Society.  During  his  first  two  years'  residence 
at  Guys. Hospital  he  saw  all  of  the  operations,  great  or  small,  performed  without 
an  anaesthetic.  After  this  he  witnessed  the  first  operation  performed  under  the 
newly-discovered  ether,  Dr.  Gull  administering  the  anaesthetic.  The  effect  was 
astounding  to  all  beholders  and  to. the  patient  himself,  who  would  not  believe  that 
his  leg  had  been  amputated  until  the  nurse  threw  back  the  clothes  and  said 
"Look!" 

Through  his  strenuous  work  Mr.  Helmcken's  health  became  impaired  and  a 
Mr.  Harrison,  a  liberal  supporter  of  Guys  Hospital  and  treasurer  of  the  institu- 
tion, offered  him,  as  a  reward  of  merit,  for  he  had  captured  several  prizes  during 
the  course,  an  appointment  to  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  ship,  Prince  Rupert,  on 
its  voyage  to  York  Factory  on  Hudson  Bay  and  return.  Accompanying  the 
Prince  Rupert  was  a  vessel  containing  a  government  expedition  in  search  of  Sir 
John  Franklin,  the  Arctic  explorer,  which  had  to  travel  from  York  Factory  to 
the  Mackenzie  river.  Mr.  Helmcken  returned  from  this  journey  accompanied 


HON.  JOHN  S.  HELMCKEN 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1135 

by  Dr.  Rae,  ,of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  the  celebrated  explorer,  who  was  a 
passenger  on  the  Prince  Rupert. 

Restored  to  health,  Mr.  Helmcken  then  spent  another  year  in  study,  graduat- 
ing from  the  Royal  College  of  .Surgeons,  becoming  a  full  fledged  M.  R.  C.  S. 
He  was  then  detailed  to  enter  the  British  navy  but  fortunately  was  dissuaded 
from  that  course  by  Mr.  .Barclay  and  soon  afterward  received  the  appointment 
of  surgeon  to  the  passenger  ship  Malacca,  Captain  Conset  in  command,  bound  for 
Bombay.  This  vessel  was  owned  by  .Messrs.  Wigram  and  Green,  who  it  is 
interesting  to  note,  built  the  pioneer  Pacific  steamer  Beaver  for  the  Hudson's 
Bay  Company.  For  a  year  and  a  half  the  Malacca  with  Mr.  Helmcken  on  board 
sailed  the  Indian  seas.  At  that  time  Hong  Kong  and  Singapore  were  in  their 
infancy,  while  the  gates  of  Canton  were  shortly  to  be  opened.  Colombo  had  an 
open  roadstead.  These  places  were  malarious,  the  mosquito,  the  cause  of  it, 
being  unknown.  Returning  home,  Mr.  Helmcken  met  Mr.  Barclay,  secretary  of 
the  Honorable  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  who  gave  him  an  appointment  as  clerk 
and  colonial  surgeon  in  the  company's  service  and  in  process  of  time  he  was 
promoted  'to  a  chief-tradership  in  the  service.  He  sailed  with  the  eighty  pioneer 
emigrants,  mostly  servants  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  on  the  ship  Norman 
Morrison,  Captain  Wishart  .master,  and  early  on  this  voyage  was  successful  in 
quelling  an  epidemic  of  smallpox  with  the  invaluable  assistance  of  Captain 
Wishart.  He  succeeded  so  well  that  at  the  end  of  the  trip  he  had  to  report  but 
two  deaths  as  the  result  of  this  terrible  scourge.  The  Norman  Morrison  arrived 
in  Esquimalt  harbor  in  March,  1850,  and  there  her  passengers  were  placed  for 
three  weeks  in  quarantine.  At  this  time  the  whole  northern  country,  extending 
as  far  south  as  California,  was  a  vast  wilderness  sparsely  inhabited  by  aborigines. 

The  immigrants  were  sent  out  by  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  to  fulfill  its 
agreement  with  the  Crown  to  colonize  Vancouver  island,  in  fact,  to  take  possession 
of  the  island  for  future  commerce.  No  opposition  was  made  to  the  landing  by 
the  Songhees.  At  this  time  there  was  nothing  in  the  place  but  the  Hudson's  Bay 
fort  and  a  dairy  outside  with  some  cultivated  land.  All  of  the  people  lived  in 
the  fort  and  were  in  a  state  of  restless  agitation  because  of  the  gold  discoveries 
in  California.  The  officers  of  the  company  had  to  keep  watch  against  the  de- 
sertion of  the  company's  people  to  the  Eldorado.  Many  of  the  emigrants  had  to 
return  on  the  Norman  Morrison  as  sailors,  some  of  the  sailors  having  deserted. 
About  six  weeks  after  his  arrival  in  Victoria  Mr.  Helmcken  was  transferred  to 
Fort  Rupert,  proceeding  to  that  place  on  the  historic  steamer  Beaver.  This  was 
at  the  time  when  the  first  coal  mines  were  being  opened  at  that  place.  He  found 
that  the  miners  had  struck  from  some  grievance  and  the  place  was  in  a  restless 
condition  on  account  of  the  gold  fever  in  California.  The  arrival  of  the  ship 
England  for  a  cargo  of  coal  seemed  to  further  agitate  the  people  and  in  the, end 
the  miners  deserted  in  that  ship.  It  was  at  that  time  that  ,the  tragedy  occurred, 
the  account  of  which  has  been  previously  written.  The  United  States  warship 
Massachusetts,  Captain  Golsburgh  in  command,  came  up  for  a  cargo  of  coal, 
and  because  of  the  state  of  affairs  took  a  long  time  to  coal.  When  leaving 
Captain  Golsburgh  said  to  Blenkinsop,  who  had  charge  of  the  fort:  "Well, 
Blenkinsop,  why  do  you  think  we  have  been  so  long  coaling?  I  have  stopped 
here  just  to  give  you  a  hand  in  case  you  should  have  troubk  with  the 
Indians  outside.  ,1  think  you  are  pretty  quiet  now  and  we  are  off."  Governor 
Blanshard  sent  Mr.  Helmcken  a  commission  as  justice  of  the  peace,  recommending 
him  to  call  out  special  constables.  This  was  an  impossibility,  however,  as  all  of  the 
men  were  in  the  same  box.  Hearing  of  this  the  governor  wrote  him  that  the 
Queen's  name  was  a  tower  of  strength,  but  at  Fort  Rupert  it  did  not  seem  to  be 
of  much  avail  without  the  Queen's  bayonets.  He.  the  governor,  said  that  he 
would  soon  be  at  Fort  Rupert  with  force  at  his  command.  After  a  few  months' 
residence  at  Fort  Rupert  Mr.  Helmcken  was  called  to  Victoria  to  attend  Governor 
Blanshard,  Dr.  Benson,  his  predecessor,  having  been  transferred  to  Fort  Van- 
couver, on  the  Columbia  river.  He  returned  in  a  canoe  paddled  by  Indians — a 
wild  lot  in  those  days.  For  two  hundred  miles  or  more  down  the  coast  the  party 


1136  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

had  to  run  the  gauntlet  of  hostile  red  men  and  were  all  of  the  time  in  considerable 
danger.  They  only  escaped  because  the  savages  had  great  respect  for  the  Hud- 
son's Bay  Company's  men,  whom  they  termed  "King  George's  men."  Arriving 
in  Victoria  at  the  end  of  December  Mr.  Helmcken  found  Governor  Blanshard 
by  this  time  recovered  from  his  illness  and  ever  since  that  period,  from  the  building 
of  the  first  house  to  the  present  time,  Mr.  Helmcken  has  maintained  his  residence 
in  this  city,  where  he  practiced  his  profession  with  success. 

Mr.  Helmcken  has  occupied  several  public  positions.  In  those  days  .officers 
were  appointed  as  public  exigencies  demanded,  for  temporary  purposes,  and  Mr. 
Helmcken,  having  but  little  to  do,  generally  had  to  fill  these  offices,  acting  as 
coroner  and  in  other  positions.  In  1855  Governor  Douglas  received  a  dispatch 
from  Her  Majesty's. government  to  institute  a  legislative  assembly.  ,An  election 
was  held  at  which  Mr.  Helmcken  and  others  were  returned.  At  the  meeting 
of  the  legislature,  which  was,  of  course,  3.  rudimentary  body,  meeting  in  a  rudi- 
mentary official  building — the  Batchelor's  Hall  of  the  old  fort — all  had  to 
learn.  The  members  soon  discovered  that  the  house  was  isolated,  had  no  official 
connection  with  the  executive,  and  further  that  although  composed  of  the  very 
best  people  its  powers  were  crippled.  As  the  lands  belonged  to  the  Hudson's  ,Bay 
Company  it  had  no  borrowing  powers  but  could  levy  taxes.  As  the  population 
was  very  small,  however,  they  did  not  do  so,  and  this  left  the  total  expense  of 
government  to  be  paid  at  the  settlement  of  accounts  by  Her  Majesty's  govern- 
ment, which  was  done  when  the  Crown  grant  of  the  island  to  the  Hudson's  Bay 
Company  was  revoked.  The  members  served  without  pay  until  after  confedera- 
tion. It  therefore  fell  to  Mr.  Speaker  to  form  the  missing  link  and  to  hold  com- 
munication with  the  executive.  As  there  was  much  writing  to  do,  the  records  to 
be  kept,  etc.,  and  there  not  being  any  clerk,  this  gave  much  work  to  Mr.  Speaker. 
The  parliamentary  business  at  first  was  very  brisk,  but  after  awhile  it  became 
slower  and  slower  and  having  nothing  to  do,  Mr.  Speaker  had  an  audience  with 
His  Excellency,  acquainting  him  with  the  fact  that  the  house  had  no  work  to  do 
and  suggested  a  dissolution,  to  which  His  Excellency  rather  sarcastically  replied, 
"I  think,  Mr.  Speaker,  the  house  may  yet  find  some  work  to  do."  Mr.  Speaker 
heard  sufficient  to  learn  that  if , this  house  of  assembly  wished  to  avoid  extinction 
it  must  provide  a  law  about  elections,  etc.  Mr.  Speaker  set  to  work  to  draw  up 
a  necessary  bill,  drawn  for  the  most  part  from  England's  statutes,  a  voluminous 
document,  but  this  was  declared  to  be  too  cumbersome,  and  so  Chief  Justice 
Begbie  came  to  the  rescue  and  drew  up  a  short  bill,  which  was  afterwards  agreed 
to  by  the  house  of  assembly.  In  those  days  a  council  existed,  first  instituted  by 
Governor  Blanshard.  Thus  ended  the  first  session  of  the  first  parliament  and  a 
new  election  called. 

This  next  session  met  at  the  picturesque  building  erected  at  the:expense  of  the 
Colonial  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  which  stood  on  the  ground  now  occupied  by  the 
grand  and  stately  parliament  buildings.  The  house  was  opened  by  His  Excellency, 
Governor  Douglas,  with  all  due  formularies,  Mr.  Helmcken  being  elected  speaker, 
and  Mr.  Porter  appointed  clerk  of  the  house,  a  position  he  filled  with  distinguished 
ability.  At  the  end  of  His  Excellency's  speech,  Mr.  Speaker,  in  accordance  with 
ancient  usage,  asked  the  governor  for  free  speech  and  access  to  His  Excellency 
at  all  times.  After  graciously  granting  the  request,  His  Excellency  retired. 
During  the  first  session  the  San  Juan  imbroglio  occurred,  the  legislative  assembly 
supporting  Governor  Douglas.  It  is  impossible  to  describe  the  almost  frenzied 
feeling  in  Victoria  at  this  time,  aggravated  not  only  by  the  boundary  question  but 
also  by  the  rowdy  element  in  Victoria,  combined  with  the  element  on  the  American 
side  of  the  straits  threatening  to  filibuster  Victoria.  This,  however,  was  put  to 
an  end  by  a  gunboat  from  Esquimalt,  being  dispatched  to  Victoria  harbor.  A  few 
years  afterward  a  military  man  of  high  standing,  "a  major,"  delivered  a  lecture 
published  in  the  newspaper  on  Puget  Sound,  giving  his  opinion  that  General 
Harney  had  unjustifiably  seized  San  Juan  island  in  order  to  bring  about  inter- 
national troubles  and  so  make  secession  easy  for  the  south.  The  consequences 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  1137 

of  the  Eraser  river  gold  fever  fixed  Victoria  as  the  commercial  city  of  Vancouver 
island. 

Mr.  Helmcken  was  elected  speaker  and  retained  this  office  until  the  union  of 
the  colonies  in  1866,  after  which  the  legislature  met  at  Sapperton,  New  West- 
minster. With  this  union  of  the  colonies  the  Vancouver  island  legislative  assembly 
came  to  an  end  and  with  it  representative  government,  and  likewise  the  dual  gov- 
ernorship of  the  colony.  The  government  of  the  mainland  was  under  the  crown 
colony  system,  partly  representative  and  partly  appointive,  the  official  members 
being  in  the  majority.  Mr.  Seymour  succeeded  Sir  James  Douglas  as  governor  of 
the  mainland,  and  after  the  union  he  was  appointed  governor  of  the  whole  colony. 
The  assembly  was  called  to  meet  at  Sapperton,  New  Westminster,  Mr.  Helmcken 
soon  after  being  appointed  a  member, of  the  executive  council.  Then  came  the 
burning  question  there  of  the  seat  of  government.  Considerable  public  interest 
and  anxiety  at  this  time  existed  with  regard  to  the  future  site  of  the  seat  of 
government,  Governor  Seymour  being  more  than  supposed  to  favor  New  West- 
minster, therefore  the  friends  of  Victoria,  as  well  here  as  in  England,  desired 
Victoria  to  be  the  site  of  the  future  capital  and  used  great  exertions  to  secure  it. 
Mr.  Helmcken  moved  that  the  seat  of  government  be  at  Victoria.  This,  after 
strong  debate,  was  carried  and  according  to  rule  left  to  the  decision  of  Her 
Majesty,  who  decided  in  favor  of  Victoria.  In  the  interim  Mr.  Helmcken  had 
his  hands  full  writing  and  telegraphing  to  his  friends  and  coworkers  in  England. 

At  this  session  Amor  De  Cosmos  brought  forward  the  subject  of  confederation 
and  a  resolution  was  passed  in  favor  of  the  proposal,  but  little  notice  was  taken  of 
it.  Governor  Seymour  thought  it  premature,  but  confederation  was  in  the  air. 
Permission  at  that  session  was  given  to  an  electric  telegraph  company  to  carry 
their  wires  through  British  Columbia  en  route  to  Asia,  by  way, of  Bering's  Strait, 
but  the  project  suddenly  came  to  an  end  when  the  Atlantic  cable  proved  a  success. 
The  wires  communicating  with  the  United  States,  however,  were  left  in  working 
order. 

The  question  of  the  seat  of  government  having  been  settled,  the  legislature 
afterward  met  in, Victoria  and,  Governor  Seymour  having  died,  Mr.  Anthony 
Musgrave  was  appointed  to  fill  his  place  and  resided  at  Carey  Castle.  Although 
this  change  had  occurred  British  Columbia  was  still  under  the  crown  colony  sys- 
tem of  government.  Mr.  Helmcken  discovered  that  one  British  Columbian  con- 
sumed three  times  as  much  dutiable  goods  as  one  Canadian.  This  discovery 
made  it  evident  that  the  population  of  British  Columbia  had  to  be  nominally  in- 
creased threefold  so  as  to  put  this  province  on  a  footing  as  far  as  head  money 
was  concerned,  equal  to  those  of  the  older  provinces.  Governor  Musgrave,  seeing 
this  letter  in  a  newspaper,  sent  for  Mr.  Helmcken.  "Your  letter,"  said  the 
governor,  "makes  confederation  financially  practicable,"  etc.,  but  Mr.  Helmcken 
replied  that  he  had  written  the  letter  for  an  altogether  contrary  purpose,  as  he 
had  been  elected  to  oppose  confederation.  Like  many  of  his  influential  friends 
and  coworkers  he  was  strenuously  opposed  to  confederation,  chiefly  on  the 
ground  that  British  Columbia  was  isolated  from  Canada  and  had  no  means  of 
communication  therewith,  and  cut  off  from  all  land  immigration  excepting  from 
the  United  States  and  its  attache,  Alaska ;  further,  there  would  be  a  financial  loss ; 
and  further,  the  loss  of  independence  and  the  few  representatives  sent  to  the 
federal  government  would  be  of  little  avail.  On  the  other  hand,  his  opponents 
wanted  confederation  because  it  would  bring  with  it  responsible  government  and 
do  away  with  the  crown  colony  government — apparently  their  panacea  to  cure 
all  evils.  The  truth  is,  very  few  knew  anything  about  confederation.  Soon  after 
this  interview  with  the  governor  the  subject  of  confederation  was  brought  before 
the  executive  council,  it  being  understood  that  Her  Majesty's  government  desired 
that  the  province  should  enter  the  confederacy  but  leaving  the  terms  of  union  to 
be  arranged  by  British  Columbia.  This  was  considered  as  a  sort  of  command 
by  the  executive  council,  most  of  whom  were  official  members,  and  therefore  it 
made  confederation  unavoidable,  it  following  that  the  question  of  confederation 
was  reduced  to  the  simple  question  of  terms.  The  governor  and  the  official 


1138  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

members  of  the  council  were  as  anxious  as  the  appointed  members  that  good 
terms  should  be  demanded  from  the  Canadian  government. 

Mr.  Helmcken  was  a  member  of  the  executive  council  and  after  one  of  its 
meetings  Mr.  Trutch  (the  governor's  emissary),  said  to  him:  *'I  know  you 
want  a  railway  to  the  interior  but  I  mean  to  propose  a  railway  to  the  eastern 
provinces.  Without  it  the  country  will  continue  isolated  and  stagnant.  I  do  not 
see  any-  advantage  of  going  into  confederation  without  railway  communication." 
"That's  rather  astounding,"  replied  Mr.  Helmcken,  "but  ,1  will  support  you 
through  .thick  and  thin."  The  executive  council  formulated  the  terms  of  con- 
federation which  were  subsequently  sent  to  the  legislative  assembly,  where  they 
were  agreed  to,  and  in  the  end  Mr.  Trutch,  Dr.  Carroll  and  Mr.  Helmcken  were 
appointed  delegates  to  carry  the  terms  of  confederation  to  the  federal  government 
at  Ottawa,  where  they  were  in  substance  agreed  to.  Mr.  Helmcken  brought  back 
the  amended  terms  which  were  subsequently  agreed  to  by  the  legislative  assembly 
and  are  generally  known  as  the  Terms  of  Union,  the  chief  condition  embodied  in 
the  terms  being  the  construction  of  the  railway.  With  these  terms  the  public 
generally  were  satisfied  but  there  were  some  who  declared  that  the  Canadian 
government  had  not  the  means  to  build  the  railway  and  if  built,  the  income  would 
not  pay  for  the  axle  grease.  The  old  opposition  was  satisfied  because  the  terms 
gave  the  colony  railway  connection  with  Canada,  and  the  remainder  because, they 
got  their  panacea  for  all  evils. 

Mr.  Helmcken  subsequently  was  offered  a  senatorship  but  declined  the  honor 
on  account  of  "Angusta  Res  Domi,"  preferring  to  take  care  of  his  children  and 
his  medical  practice.  Later  he  suffered  an  attack  of  typhoid  fever  which  in- 
capacitated him,  compelling  him  to  permanently  retire.  Mr.  Helmcken  still  takes 
an  active  interest  in  the  happenings  of  the  day  and  has  written  many  letters,  par- 
ticularly advocating  a  railway  to  the  north  end  of  Vancouver  island,  published  in 
the  sessional  papers  of  the  government,  others  relating  to  the  early  history  of  the 
colony,  and  other  public  matters,  published  chiefly  in  the  Colonist  and  Times  of 
Victoria. 

The  marriage  of  Mr.  Helmcken  and  Miss  Cecilia  Douglas  occurred  on  the  27th 
of  December,  1852,  the  latter  being  a  daughter  of  Sir  James  Douglas,  the  governor 
of  the  colony.  There  being  at  this  time  no  church,  the  ceremony  was  performed 
by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Staines,  chaplain  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  in  the  mess 
room  of  the, fort.  Mrs.  Helmcken  was  a  most  devoted  wife  and  mother  and  has 
preceded  Mr.  Helmcken  to  the  home  beyond.  Of  their  seven  children  three  are 
living:  Amelia,  the  wife  of  G.  A.  McTavish ;  James  Douglas,  a  prominent  mem- 
ber of  the  medical  profession  in  Victoria,  the  city  of  his  birth;  Edith  Louisa 
Higgins,  a  widow,  who  makes  her  home  with  her  father;  and  Harry  Dallas, 
deceased,  who  was  an  ex-member  of  parliament  and  a  well  known  king's  counsel, 
practicing  in  Victoria. 


SAMUEL  ALEXANDER  MUIR. 

One  of  the  pioneer  business  men  of  Vernon  is  Samuel  A.  Muir,  who  estab- 
lished the  S.  A.  Muir  &  Company  drug  store  in  1896.  He  has  been  accorded  a 
liberal  and  gratifying  patronage  in  recognition  of  his  honorable  and  upright 
methods,  his  courteous  service  and  his  well  selected  line  of  goods.  He  has 
made  an  excellent  and  enviable  record  and  enjoys  the  confidence  and  good-will 
of  colleagues  and  admirers. 

A  native  of  Montreal,  he  was  born  on  the  7th  of  October,  1868,  and  is  a 
son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  Anne  (Qua)  Muir.  The  father  was  born  in  Glasgow 
and  crossed  the  Atlantic  from  Scotland  to  the  new  world  when  fourteen  years 
of  age.  He  settled  at  Huntingdon,  Quebec,  and  later  became  manager  of  a 
branch  of  the  Bible  Society  at  Montreal.  There  his  wife  died  in  1873  and  two 
years  later  he  married  Annie  McCausland  Fortune,  of  Huntingdon,  Quebec. 


SAMUEL  A.  MUIR 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  1141 

Subsequently  he  became  a  clergyman  of  the  Presbyterian  church  and  was  active 
in  the  ministry  of  that  denomination  for  many  years,  occupying  pastorates  at 
Metcalf  and  Fordwich,  Ontario,  at  Chilliwack,  British  Columbia,  and  Scotstown, 
Quebec.  Being  obliged  to  give  up  his  ministerial  labors  on  account  of  failing 
health,  he  associated  himself  with  his  son  Samuel  in  the  drug  business  and  was 
a  valued  and  representative  citizen  of  Vernon  to  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  19x37.  He  had  lived  an  active  and  useful  life  largely  devoted  to  the 
betterment  of  mankind  and  his  good  works  follow  him  in  the  lives  of  those  whom 
he  influenced  to  better  things.  His  second  wife  still  survives  him  and  now  makes 
her  home  in  Huntingdon,  Quebec.  He  had  seven  children  by  his  first  wife,  four 
of  whom  are  deceased,  the  others  being :  Peter  Donaldson,  a  Presbyterian  minis- 
ter of  Windsor  Mills,  Quebec ;  Thomas  Albert,  a  druggist  of  New  Westminster, 
British  Columbia ;  and  Samuel  Alexander. 

The  last  named  acquired  his  education  in  various  schools  in  Quebec  and 
Ontario  and  following  his  graduation  spent  several  years  in  teaching.  In  1889  he 
removed  to  New  Westminster,  where  he  learned  the  drug  business  with  his 
brother.  Coming  to  Vernon  in  1896,  he  here  established  the  well  known  drug  store 
of  S.  A.  Muir  &  Company  and  the  enterprise  has  proven  a  growing  and  profitable 
one  from  the  beginning.  He  has  not  confined  his  interests  to  this  business  alone 
but  has  been  active  in  other  enterprises  which  have  advanced  the  general  com- 
mercial and  industrial  development  of  the  Okanagan  valley.  He  was  one  of  the 
organizers  and  became  the  secretary,  treasurer  and  manager  of  the  Okanagan 
Telephone  Company,  continuing  to  act  in  those  capacities  from  the  inception 
of  the  company  until  the  time  it  was  sold  to  the  present  telephone  interests.  He 
has  not  been  active  in  club  or  fraternal  circles,  being  essentially  a  home  man,  pre- 
ferring to  spend  the  time  outside  of  business  hours  with  his  family,  fie  was, 
however,  for  many  years  a  member  of  the  local  fire  department.  He  takes  a 
very  active  interest  in  church  affairs,  being  an  elder  in  the  Presbyterian  church 
of  Vernon  and  an  earnest  worker  in  its  interests. 

In  1898  Mr.  Muir  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Maud  Mabee,  of  Mark- 
dale,  Ontario,  and  they  became  the  parents  of  three  children :  Arthur  Harper ; 
Thomas,  who  died  at  the  age  of  eight  years;  and  Elga  Robson. 

Mr.  Muir  is  quiet  and  unassuming  in  manner  and  has  a  most  extensive  circle 
of  friends,  for  all  who  come  in  contact  with  him  recognize  his  sterling  worth.  He 
does  not  seek  to  figure  prominently  in  any  public  connection,  nor  has  there  been 
a  spectacular  phase  in  his  life  history,  which  has  been  characterized  by  devotion 
to  duty  and  earnest,  honorable  purpose.  The  success  which  he  has  achieved  is 
the  legitimate  outcome  and  merited  reward  of  earnest  effort,  and  personal  worth 
vies  with  business  integrity  and  enterprise  in  making  him  a  valued  citizen  of 
Vernon. 


PETER  McQUADE. 

Among  the  men  whose' unflagging  energy,  determination,  ambition  and  exe- 
cutive ability  were  forces  in  inaugurating  and  shaping  the  business  development 
of  Victoria,  Peter  McQuade  must  be  given  an  honored  place,  for  he  was  the 
founder  of  the  great  mercantile  house  of  Peter  McQuade  &  Son  and  from  pion- 
eer times  until  his  death,  in  1886,  a  dominating  force  in  promoting  the  commer- 
cial interests  of  the  community.  His  death  deprived  Victoria  of  a  man  of  unusual 
energy,  insight  and  ability  and  it  left  vacant  a  place  which  it  has  been  found 
difficult,  if  not  impossible,  to  fill. 

Peter  McQuade  was  born  in  Dublin,  Ireland,  in  1841,  and  was  a  son  of 
Peter  and  Anna  McQuade,  the  former  of  whom  was  for  many  years  engaged 
in  the  wholesale  ship-chandlery  business  in  Dublin.  The  son  acquired  his  educa- 
tion in  the  public  schools  of  that  city  and  at  a  very  early  date  emigrated  to  Can- 
ada settling  in  Victoria  when  there  were  no  buildings  upon  the  townsite  and 


1142  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

when  the  people  lived  and  did  business  in  tents.  Here  he  established  a  ship- 
chandlery  business,  gradually  adding  other  departments  until  he  dealt  also  in 
hardware,  steamboat,  mill,  mining,  logging  and  fishermen's  supplies,  paints  and 
oils  and  acted  also  as  marine  agent.  This  enterprise  he  conducted  alone  while 
his  sons  were  in  college  in  California,  but  when  the  eldest,  Edward  Augustine 
McQuade,  completed  his  studies  he  was  admitted  as  a  partner  and  the  firm 
name  of  Peter  McQuade  &  Son  was  adopted.  Under  this  title  the  business  was 
built  up  to  great  proportions,  the  firm's  interests  and  connections  extending 
rapidly  along  many  lines  and  the  concern  becoming  one  of  the  largest  and  best 
known  of  its  kind  on  the  Pacific  coast.  Louis  Gregory  McQuade,  the  other  son, 
was  later  taken  into  the  firm  but  the  original  name  was  retained  and  is  still  used 
by  the  present  owners.  Peter  McQuade's  energy,  resourcefulness  and  business 
ability  gave  this  great  business  its  first  impetus  and  his  activities  dominated  and 
directed  its  development  for  many  years.  The  results  of  his  untiring  labor  were 
seen  in  the  continued  expansion  of  the  concern,  which  constantly  added  new 
departments,  finally  assuming  its  present  extensive  proportions.  Its  founder 
passed  away,  in  1886  and  the  business  was  carried  on  by  the  two  sons  for  some 
time  thereafter.  Edward  A.  McQuade  passed  away  in  1891  and  afterward  his 
widow  and  Louis  G.  McQuade,  who  was  for  two  years  president  of  the  Victoria 
Board  of  Trade,  managed  the  enterprise  until  1911,  when  they  disposed  of  their 
interests  to  Leon  J.  Camsusa,  a  nephew  of  Mrs.  Edward  A.  McQuade,  who  had 
been  in  the  employ  of  the  company  for  many  years.  Shortly  after  purchasing 
the  business  Mr.  Camsusa  took  into  partnership  William  Christie  and  Arthur 
H.  Peatt,  and  they  are  equal  partners  in  the  enterprise,  although  the  old  name, 
Peter  McQuade  &  Son,  is  retained. 

Peter  McQuade  married  Miss  Minnie  Todd,  and  they  became  the  parents 
of  four  children,  Edward  A.,  Louis  G.,  Cecilia  and  Clare,  all  of  whom  have  passed 
away.  Mr.  McQuade  was  a  member  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church,  was  a  con- 
servative in  his  political  beliefs  and  was  connected  fraternally  with  the  Masonic 
lodge.  He  was  also  in  the  early  days  a  member  of  the  Volunteers.  Although 
twenty-seven  years  have  elapsed  since  his  death,  it  is  still  felt  as  a  profound  loss 
to  business  interests  of  Victoria,  for  he  was  one  of  the  pioneer  merchants  of 
the  city  and  bore  an  active  and  important  part  in  its  commercial  development. 
His  name  heads  the  list  of  the  real  builders  and  promoters  of  the  city  and  the 
influence  of  his  business  standards  and  ideals  will  be  felt  as  a  constructive  force 
for  many  years  to  come. 

WILLIAM  WALLACE  GRIME. 

William  Wallace  Grime,  who  is  a  representative  in  Victoria  of  the  real-estate 
and  investment  business,  in  which  he  has  been  engaged  continuously  since  1906, 
was  born  in  Lincolnshire,  England,  June  14,  1863,  a  son  of  George  Atkinson 
and  Susannah  (Kemp)  Grime.  The  father  was  a  well  known  farmer  of  Lincoln- 
shire and  of  Yorkshire.  William  W.  Grime  is  a  lineal  descendant  of  Graham  of 
Claverhouse  (Bonnie  Dundee)  and  is  a  great-grandson  of  the  Graeme,  who 
fought  at  the  battle  of  Preston  Pans,  in  which  Prince  Charlie  was  defeated.  The 
Graemes,  because  of  their  participation  in  the  movement,  were  driven  to  Eng- 
land and  settled  in  North  Yorkshire,  losing  all  their  estates  in  Scotland,  and  to 
save  their  heads  they  were  compelled  to  change  their  name,  adopting  that  of 
Grime.  The  ancestral  line  can  be  traced  back  for  many  centuries.  The  grand- 
father, Allison  Grime,  held  a  commission  under  George  III  in  the  first  decade 
of  the  nineteenth  century  when  Napoleon  was  expected  to  invade  England,  and 
in  his  military  capacity  patrolled  the  beach  of  Scarborough,  Yorkshire  nightly 
for  many  months. 

William  W.  Grime  was  educated  at  Spilsby  Grammar  School  and  Bedford 
County  College,  Bedford,  England.  He  afterwards  engaged  in  farming  and  the 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  1143 

breeding  of  shorthorn  cattle  and  Lincolnshire  Longwool  sheep  in  Lincolnshire, 
England.  In  1896  he  arrived  in  Victoria,  where  he  established  a  real-estate  and 
investment  business,  but  after  two  years  he  left  this  city  at  the  time  of  the 
Klondike  excitement  and  went  across  the  White  and  Chilkoot  Passes  to  the 
mining  regions  of  Atlin,  British  Columbia,  where  he  mined  for  about  eight  or 
nine  years  with  varying  success.  In  1906  he  returned  to  Victoria  and  established 
his  present  business.  He  conducts  an  investment  agency  and  has  represented 
many  prominent  clients  in  the  conduct  of  a  business  which  has  steadily  grown  in 
importance  through  the  past  seven  years.  He  is  also  interested  in  the  Campbell 
River  Power  Company  of  Victoria  of  which  he  is  now  the  secretary  and  also 
a  director. 

At  various  times  Mr.  Grime  has  been  prominently  connected  with  other 
interests  outside  of  business.  He  was  for  twenty  years  a  member  of  the  Lincoln- 
shire Rifle  Volunteers  and  in  Canada  was  a  member  of  the  Fifth  Canadian  Artil- 
lery for  six  and  a  half  years.  He  was  also  for  several  years  a  member  of  the 
Council  of  the  Atlin  Board  of  Trade  and  was  secretary  of  the  Atlin  Club.  He 
now  belongs  to  the  Pacific  Club,  and  to  the  Canadian  Club  of  Victoria,  and  is 
a  member  of  the  Natural  History  Society  of  British  Columbia.  He  likewise 
holds  membership  in  Christ  Church  and  his  political  faith  is  that  of  the  conserva- 
tive party  with  strong  imperialist  views. 


FRED   LIDDELL  MACPHERSON,  A.   M.   INST.   C.   E., 
MEM.  CAN.  SOC.  C.  E. 

Fred  Liddell  Macpherson,  who  makes  a  comprehensive  knowledge  of  the 
underlying  principles  of  civil  engineering  and  a  practical  ability  in  their  application 
the  basis  of  unusually  able  and  effective  work  in  the  office  of  muncipal  engineer 
of  Burnaby,  was  born  in  Tarbolton,  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  May  23,  1880.  He  is  a 
son  of  Franklin  K.  Macpherson,  who  was  assistant  master  in  Highlander's 
Academy  at  Greenock  and  head  master  of  Tarbolton  public  schools  in  Ayrshire, 
and  a  fellow  of  the  Educational  Institute  of  Scotland.  He  was  one  of  the  best 
known  educators  in  his  part  of  the  country  and  was  also  prominent  in  Masonic 
circles,  having  served  for  twelve  years  as  right  worshipful  master  of  the  St. 
James,  Kilwinning,  Masonic  lodge.  The  family  is  of  Scotch  extraction  on  both 
sides,  the  paternal  grandparents  having  come  from  Mid  Argyleshire  and  the 
maternal  grandparents  from  Ayrshire. 

Fred  Liddell  .Macpherson  acquired  his  early  education  in  Tarbolton  public 
schools  and  was  afterward  a  student  in  Glasgow  University  and  the  Royal  Tech- 
nical College  in  the  same  city.  He  supplemented  this  by  a  course  of  private 
study  and  served  as  pupil-teacher  during  his  apprenticeship.  He  was 
trained  by  Babtic,  Shaw  and  Morton,  engineers  in  Glasgow.  He  was  also  for 
one  year  tutor  in  a  business  college.  From  1903  to  1905  he  was  assistant  to  the 
resident  engineer  on  the  Paisley  and  Barrhead  District  Railway.  In  1905-6  he 
was  resident  engineer  for  contractors  on  the  same  railway  construction,  and  of 
yards  and  sidings.  In  1906  he  was  for  six  months  in  charge  of  railway  con- 
tracts near  Glasgow  and  from  1906  to  1908  he  was  in  charge  of  municipal 
improvements  in  the  same  neighborhood.  Mr.  Macpherson  crossed  the  Atlan- 
tic in  1908  and  was  for  a  short  time  in  the  public  works  department  of  Winni- 
peg. He  then  secured  a  position  as  instrumentman  in  the  construction  depart- 
ment of  the  Grand  Trunk  Pacific  Railway,  working  near  Edmonton  for  ten 
months.  In  1909  he  was  for  a  time  assistant  on  supervision  of  the  construc- 
tion of  reinforced  and  steel  bridges,  with  the  General  Engineering  &  Con- 
struction Company  of  Vancouver.  In  July,  1909,  he  was  appointed  munici- 
pal engineer  of  Burnaby,  where  he  has  since  had  full  charge  of  all  municipal 
improvements,  and  where  he  has  instituted  a  policy  of  city  expansion  and  develop- 
ment and  has  carried  forward  to  successful  completion  a  great  deal  of  important 
municipal  work.  In  1907  he  was  elected  an  associate  member  of  the  Institution 


1144  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

of  Civil  Engineers  of  Great  Britain  and  in  1908  he  was  elected  an  associate  mem- 
ber of  the  Canadian  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  of  which  society  he  has  since 
been  elected  a  full  member.  Possessed  of  a  comprehensive  and  exact  knowledge 
of  his  profession,  being  a  close  student  of  its  principles  and  a  man  of  broad 
practical  experience,  he  has  proved  himself  eminently  well  qualified  for  the  duties 
of  his  responsible  office  and  has  discharged  them  to  the  satisfaction  of  all  con- 
cerned. 

In  Agassiz,  British  Columbia,  on  the  2d  of  July,  1910,  Mr.  Macpherson  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Hamilton  Wotherspoon,  a  daughter  of  David 
Wotherspoon,  a  merchant  of  Glasgow,  Scotland.  Mrs.  Macpherson  engaged  in 
teaching  before  her  marriage  and  was  for  several  years  connected  with  Hutch- 
inson's  grammar  school  in  Glasgow.  She  was  also  for  about  four  years  mistress 
of  kindergarten  in  a  government  school  in  South  Africa.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mac- 
pherson have  one  daughter,  Alice  Mary,  one  year  and  nine  months  old. 

Mr.  Macpherson  is  a  member  of  St.  James  Kilwinning  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M., 
of  Tarbolton,  Scotland,  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs,  and  a  member  of 
the  Presbyterian  church.  He  is  a  young  man  of  energy  and  ambition  and  unusual 
ability,  and  he  will  undoubtedly  reach  a  position  of  distinction  in  his  chosen 
profession. 


HON.  THOMAS  TAYLOR. 

Hon.  Thomas  Taylor,  of  Victoria,  is  prominent  and  influential  in  governmental 
affairs  as  the  minister  of  public  works  and  railways,  in  which  connection  he  has 
done  highly  commendable  and  valuable  service.  His  birth  occurred  in  London 
township,  Ontario,  on  the  4th  of  February,  1865,  his  parents  being  Thomas  and 
Anne  (Talbot)  Taylor,  the  former  a  native  of  Ireland  and  the  latter  of  Ontario. 
Thomas  Taylor,  Sr.,  who  was  an  agriculturist  by  occupation  and  settled  in 
Ontario  in  1837,  passed  away  in  1881.  His  wife,  who  was  of  pioneer  stock  and 
died  in  1871,  was  a  descendant  of  Colonel  Talbot,  aide-de-camp  to  Governor 
Simcoe. 

Thomas  Taylor,  Jr.,  the  fifth  in  order  of  birth  in  a  family  of  six  children,  was 
reared  on  a  farm  and  attended  the  graded  and  high  schools  until  the  time  of 
his  father's  demise,  while  subsequently  he  pursued  a  course  of  study  in  the  com- 
mercial college  at  London,  Ontario.  He  was  then  articled  to  the  law  firm  of 
Taylor  &  Taylor  for  two  years.  In  1885,  being  a  youth  of  twenty  years  and  full 
of  ambition  and  energy,  he  went  to  Winnipeg  in  search  of  greater  opportunities, 
being  there  variously  employed  until  1888.  In  that  year  he  came  to  British 
Columbia  and  here  remained  in  the  service  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  until 
1894.  In  the  year  1889  he  went  to  Donald,  British  Columbia,  in  connection  with 
the  mechanical  and  store  department  of  the  Canadian  Pacific,  and  for  one  year 
had  charge  of  the  company's  store  at  North  Bend.  After  leaving  the  service 
of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  he  took  over  the  management  of  the  branch 
stores  of  C.  B.  Hume  &  Company  located  at  Revelstoke.  He  subsequently  had 
charge  of  their  branch  store  at  Trout  Lake  City  and  later  became  a  partner  in 
the  firm,  taking  an  active  part  in  its  management  until  1903.  Mr.  Taylor  stiU 
retains  a  financial  interest  in  the  concern,  which  is  a  very  extensive  mercantile 
establishment  with  a  number  of  stores. 

In  politics  Mr.  Taylor  is  a  conservative  and  has  always. been  a  zealous  worker 
in  the  ranks  of  the  party.  From  1894  until  1898  he  served  as  mining  recorder 
for  the  provincial  government  and  also  acted  as  postmaster  at  Trout  Lake.  In 
1900  he  received  his  party's  nomination  as  a  member  of  the  provincial  parliament 
for  the  Revelstoke  district  and  was  elected,  being  further  honored  by  reelection  in 
1903,  1907,  1909  and  1912.  In  1908  he  was  called  into  the  government  and 
on  the  2 ist  of  December  of  that  year  was  sworn  in  as  minister  of  public  works. 
His  labors  in  this  department  have  received  the  indorsement  of  both  parties,  and 


HON.  THOMAS  TAYLOR 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  1147 

the  importance  and  value  of  his  accomplishments  are  manifest  in  the  splendid 
system  of  provincial  roads  throughout  British  Columbia.  He  has  endeavored 
to  keep  his  road  superintendents  in  close  touch  with  up-to-date  methods  of  road 
construction,  always  advocating  the  use  of  the  most  modern  machinery.  He  is 
the  originator  of  the  Trans-Provincial  Road,  one  of  the  finest  highways  on  the 
Pacific  coast.  Too  much  cannot  be  said  in  praise  of  Mr.  Taylor's  special  activity 
in  the  department  of  public  works.  In  1911  the  department  of  railways  was 
added  to  the  department  of  public  works  and  thus  much  additional  responsibility 
devolved  upon  him.  The  department  of  railways  has  to  do  with  the  formation 
of  all  railways,  the  incorporation  of  same,  the  approval  of  location  of  the  line, 
right  of  way,  etc.,  and  in  fact  any  matters  in  connection  with  steam  and  electric 
roads,  adjustment  of  rates,  etc.  Air.  Taylor's  official  duties  require  all  of  his 
attention  and  will  not  permit  of  any  outside  interests.  His  unbounded  faith 
in  the  future  of  the  province  and  actual  knowledge  of  its  possibilities  has  made 
him  ambitious  to  play  his  part  in  its  final  development.  How  nearly  his  ambi- 
tion has  been  satisfied  has  already  been  shown. 

In  1897  Mr.  Taylor  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Georgie  M.  Larson,  a 
native  of  Copenhagen,  Denmark,  by  whom  he  has  the  following  children :  Thomas 
Talbot,  Margaret,  Richard  Gordon,  William,  Elizabeth  and  James,  all  at  home. 
Mr.  Taylor  is  a  member  'of  the  Union,  Pacific  and  Camosun  Clubs,  all  of  Vic- 
toria, and  the  Revelstoke  Club  of  Revelstoke,  British  Columbia.  Fraternally  he 
is  identified  with  the  Masons,  belonging  to  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  No.  49,  A.  F.  & 
A.  M. ;  Columbia  Chapter,  No.  120,  R.  A.  C.,  of  Victoria;  and  Gizeh  Temple 
of  the  Nobles  of  the  Mystic  Shrine.  He  is  likewise  connected  with  Victoria 
Lodge,  No.  i,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  the  Loyal  Orange  Lodge  at  Revelstoke,  British  Colum- 
bia, and  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  and  Fraternal  Order  of  Eagles  at 
that  place.  While  still  a  boy,  before  leaving  home,  he  became  a  member  of  the 
first  troop  of  cavalry  in  the  Canadian  militia.  After  removing  to  Winnipeg  he 
took  a  short  course  of  instruction  in  the  Royal  Mounted  Infantry.  His  religious 
faith  is  indicated  by  his  membership  in  the  Anglican  church,  in  the  work  of  which 
he  has  always  taken  an  active  and  helpful  interest.  He  has  lived  in  British 
Columbia  for  a  quarter  of  a  century  and  is  one  of  its  leading  and  most  respected 
citizens. 


WILLIAM  j.  MCMILLAN. 

William  J.  McMillan  is  one  of  the  foremost  representatives  of  commercial 
interests  in  Vancouver  as  the  president  of  W.  J.  McMillan  &  Company,  Ltd.,  one 
of  the  largest  grocery  houses  of  the  Canadian  west.  Coming  to  Comox,  British 
Columbia,  in  1883,  he  spent  the  summer  there  and  came  then  to  Vancouver  or 
Granville  township,  also  named  Gastown,  when  there  were  a  few  houses  on  the 
water  front  and  a  trail  led  where  Carroll  street  now  is.  He  landed  at  the  Hast- 
ings Mill  site,  coming  shortly  after  the  historic  fire  of  June  15,  1886.  He  has 
watched  the  development  of  this  city  from  its  rebirth  to  its  present  magnificent 

development  as  the  metropolis  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  coast,  dominating  a  terri- 
tory from  Seattle  to  Alaska.  Under  his  able  management  the  firm  of  W.  J. 
McMillan  &  Company  has  grown  and  expanded  its  trade  relations  in  the  same 
wonderful  way  as  the  city  has  increased  in  population  and  the  territory  generally 
advanced,  and  he  has  as  a  partner  with  him  his  brother,  Robert  J.  McMillan, 
who  assists  him  in  conducting  the  mammoth  affairs  of  the  business.  In  1908 
the  company  was  incorporated,  E.  J.  Deacon  joining  the  firm. 

A  native  of  Restigouche,  Quebec,  William  J.  McMillan  was  born  on  the  26th 
of  June,  1858,  a  representative  of  an  old  and  distinguished  Scotch  family.  His 
father,  James  McMillan,  a  native  of  Scotland,  as  a  boy  of  ten  years  accompanied 
his  parents  on  their  removal  from  the  kingdom  north  of  the  Tweed  river  to 
Canada.  He  received  his  education  in  the  eastern  provinces  and  there  passed 

U  vol.  m— 4 1 


H48  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

his  boyhood  and  grew  to  man's  estate,  marrying  Miss  Mary  Cook,  who  was  born 
in  the  same  neighborhood  as  was  her  husband.  They  became  the  parents  of 
ten  children,  of  whom  three  reside  in  Vancouver. 

William  J.  McMillan  was  educated  in  the  public -schools  and  grew  to  man- 
hood, remaining  under  the  parental  roof  until  1880,  when  he  came  to  the  Pacific 
coast,  first  making  his  way  to  the  middle  part  of  California,  locating  in  Sacra- 
mento, which  city  he  selected  for  the  reason  that'  he  had  two  brothers  residing 
there.  For  a  time  he  followed  agricultural  pursuits  in  the  neighborhood,  but 
afterwards  removed  to  Portland,  Oregon,  where  he  was  connected  with  rail- 
road work  in  the  service  of  the  Oregon  Railway  &  Navigation  Company.  The 
year  1883  marks  his  arrival  in  Victoria,  British  Columbia,  and  there  he  found 
employment  in  the  same  line  of  activity,  being  connected  with  the  Island  Railroad 
Company.  He  arrived  in  Vancouver  in  June,  1886,  the  day  after  the  great  con- 
flagration had  laid  low  the  work  of  upbuilding  and  pioneer,  labor  accomplished 
thus  far.  When  he  came  here  he  found  naught  but  ashes  but  soon  a  few  wooden 
shanties  and  a  few  tents  were  erected  in  which  the  most  pressing  business  was 
conducted,  and  it  was  his  privilege  to  watch  the  rise  of  a  city  more  splendid  and 
more  magnificent  than  any  one  could  dream.  In  the  following  year  he  estab- 
lished a  produce  and  fruit  store  and  success  has  attended  his  business  under- 
takings ever  since  that  time,  his  private  affairs  keeping  even  step  with  the  perma- 
nent growth  of  the  city,  and  as  the  same  has  marvelously  expanded  his  business 
has  followed  suit,  or  to  speak  more  correctly,  has  led  the  way.  It  has  reached 
very  extensive  proportions  and  the  financial  results  which  are  received  from  the 
enterprise  are  such  that  they  place  Mr.  McMillan  in  an  independent  position,  on 
account  of  which  he  is  considered  one  of  the  substantial  men  of  the  city.  His 
first  partners  in  the  fruit  and  produce  store  were  John  Choldick  and  R.  J.  Ham- 
ilton, a  cousin,  but  subsequently  they  dissolved,  Choldick  and  Hamilton  taking 
the  Kootenay  end  of  the  business.  Mr.  McMillan  conducted  the  business  inde- 
pendently for  a  number  of  years,  later  admitting  his  brother  Robert  to  a  part- 
nership. In  1908  the  firm  was  incorporated,  E.  J.  Deacon  joining  as  a  member. 
His  success  must  largely  be  attributed  to  his  incessant  industry,  his  untiring 
energy,  his  buoyancy,  aggressiveness,  and,  last  but  not  least,  the  ever-present 
honesty  that  underlies  all  of  his  methods.  All  these  qualities  have  combined  to 
ably  develop  a  small  enterprise  into  one  of  far-reaching  importance  and  his  trade 
connections  are  today  so  comprehensive  that  the  house  ships  goods  all  over  the 
far  northwest,  reaching  points  as  far  north  as  the  ice-bound  ports  of  Alaska 
and  the  Yukon. 

On  July  i,  1890,  Mr.  McMillan  married  Miss  Laura  E.  Hone,  a  native  of 
England  and  a  daughter  of  H.  F.  Hone,  and  to  them  were  born  six  children: 
Laura  May ;  William  Henry  James ;  John  Douglas ;  Alice  Ruth ;  Celia  Mary ; 
and  Charles  Robert,  all  of  whom  claim  Vancouver  as  their  birthplace.  No 
unimportant  part  in  the  making  of  his  life  is  the  religious  affiliation  of  Mr.  Mc- 
Millan, his  faith  being  that  of  the  Presbyterian  church  of  which  he  is  a  devoted 
member.  He  is  also  active  in  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  in  which  he 
has  held  various  important  offices,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  lodge,  A.  F. 
&  A.  M.  He  has  ever  been  zealous  for  the  prosperity  of  Vancouver.  All  meas- 
ures undertaken  for  the  commercial  expansion  of  the  city  find  his  ready  and  warm 
support  and  he  is  a  valued  member  of  the  Board  of  Trade,  on  the  floor  of  which 
he  has  ever  been  active  in  the  prosecution  of  large  business  affairs.  He  is  a 
past  president  of  this  organization.  In  this  connection  he  is  serving  on  the 
freight  rates  committee  and  has  been  instrumental  in  having  rates  to  various 
ports  investigated  and  reduced,  having  done  service  which  cannot  be  too  highly 
esteemed  by  the  shippers  of  the  country.  Any  cause  that  will  improve  the  busi- 
ness as  well  as  the  moral  conditions  of  the  community  finds  in  him  a  cham- 
pion who  will  consider  no  effort  too  great  to  attain  his  ends.  His  political 
sentiments  are  in  sympathy  with  the  liberals,  yet  he  is  independent.  He  has 
never  desired  public  office  but  takes  that  right-minded  interest  in  politics  which 
is  the  duty  of  any  loyal  citizen.  Viewed  from  every  angle  Mr.  McMillan  stands 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  1149 

as  one  of  the  foremost  men  in  the  city  who  by  his  labors  has  been  one  of  the 
essential  factors  in  making  the  province  and  city  what  they  are  today.  While 
he  has  achieved  distinct  individual  success  he  has  done  much  for  the  sake  of 
his  fellowmen  and  this  section  of  the  country! 


GEORGE  BEVILOCKWAY. 

George  Bevilockway,  who  is  living  retired  in  Nanaimo,  where  for  a  period 
of  thirty-six  years  he  was  successfully  identified  with  commercial  activities,  is 
a  native  of  England.  His  birth  occurred  in  Staffordshire  on  the  23d.  of  Jan- 
uary, 1847,  his  parents  being  James  and  Ann  (Feast)  Bevilockway.  The  family 
emigrated  to  America  soon  after  the  discovery  of  the  mines  in  Nanaimo,  with 
the  development  of  which  the  father  was  connected  until  his  retirement  in  1892. 
Both  parents  are  deceased,  their  deaths  having  occurred  here  in  1897. 

As  he  was  only  a  child  when  he  came  with  his  parents  to  America  George 
Bevilockway  obtained  his  education  in  the  schools  of  Nanaimo,  which  he  attended 
until  he  had  attained  the  age  of  fourteen  years.  Laying  aside  his  text-books,  he 
then  went  to  work  in  the  mines,  where  he  was  employed  during  the  succeeding 
thirteen  years.  During  that  period  he  served  for  seven  years  in  the  capacity  of 
an  assistant  manager  under  Mr.  Bryden.  Recognizing  the  promising  opening 
afforded  here  along  commercial  lines  he  gave  up  mining  and  established  a  meat 
market,  which  he  conducted  for  seven  years.  His  patrons  were  drawn  from 
the  workmen  in  the  mines  and  the  Indians,  who  at  that  time  formed  a  large 
portion  of  the  population  in  Nanaimo,  wandering  about  the  streets  of  the  town 
in  true  savage  fashion  and  oftentimes  keeping  the  whites  in  a  state  of  fear.  Mr. 
Bevilockway  witnessed  many  Indian  battles  during  the  period  and  well  remem- 
bers when  the  local  chief  of  the  tribe  was  killed.  The  "native"  Indians  were 
quite  friendly  and  lived  in  peace  with  the  whites,  and  the  battles  were  between 
the  native  savages  and  the  "northern"  wandering  tribes  traveling  between  the 
north  and  Victoria.  One  battle  which  Mr.  Bevilockway  witnessed  began  by 
ten  canoes,  each  filled  with  eight  northern  Indians,  arriving  and  trying  to  land 
in  order  to  exterminate  the  natives.  However,  the  invaders  were  repulsed  after 
several  desperate  attempts  to  effect  a  landing.  The  white  men  were  told  by 
the  natives  to  keep  back  who  assured  them  that  they  would  well  take  care  of  the 
northern  Indians,  and  they  assuredly  made  a  thorough  job  of  it.  While  bullets 
were  flying  thick  in  the  midst  of  the  battle,  two  braves  of  the  northern  tribe 
came  ashore  in  a  small  canoe  and  caught  the  native  Indian's  chief,  slashing  him 
with  their  knives  and  cutting  out  his  heart,  and  then  made  their  way  safely  back 
to  the  rest  of  their  nation.  Mr.  Bevilockway  likewise  has  a  vivid  recollection 
of  another  occasion  when  nine  braves  were  killed.  At  this  time  ten  native 
Indians  went  out  fishing  and  while  so  engaged  saw  a  large  canoe  filled  with 
northern  braves  coming  through  Dodd's  Narrows.  They  gave  chase,  but  just 
as  they  rounded  a  point  of  land,  several  other  canoes  filled  with  northern 
Indians  hove  in  sight.  They  gave  battle,  beheading  nine  of  the  ten  natives. 
One  escaped  by  diving  and  made  the  shore.  He  told  his  companions,  who  after- 
ward recovered  the  bodies  and,  bringing  them  ashore,  laid  them  side  by  side  on 
the  beach,  covering  them  with  blankets  for  the  afternoon.  Then  they  were 
buried,  but  their  squaws  kept  the  usual  vigil  and  for  two  weeks  afterward  their 
weird  lamentations  and  shrieks,  their  weeping  and  wailing  continued  throughout 
the  night,  resembling  more  than  anything  the  howls  of  a  pack  of  wolves.  The 
ordeal  tried  the  strongest  nerves  of  the  white  men  and  practically  no  one  could 
get  any  sleep  during  that  time.  Another  conflict  which  Mr.  Bevilockway  recalls 
was  between  a  native  and  a  white  man,  the  former  shooting  the  latter.  The 
Indian  was  chased  by  a  posse  and  was  caught  on  a  small  river  about  three  miles 
from  Nanaimo  and  later  hung.  The  river  was  named  Chase  river  in  commem- 
oration of  this  incident. 


1150  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

The  Indians  were  largely  engaged  in  loading  ships  with  coal,  bringing  it 
alongside  in  canoes  and  transferring  it  on  board  in  baskets  which  they  carried 
on  their  heads.  At  that  time  their  labor  was  paid  for  in  trade,  dry  goods,  tobacco 
or  rum  being  given  in  exchange.  About  1881  Mr.  Bevilockway  disposed  of  his 
meat  market  and  opened  a  general  mercantile  store,  which  he  conducted  until 
1910,  when  he  withdrew  from  active  business  and  has  since  been  living  retired. 
He  met  with  more  than  an  average  degree  of  success  in  the  development  of  his 
interests  and  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  substantial  citizens  of  the  city.  Prac- 
tically his  entire  life  has  been  passed  in  British  Columbia,  as  since  his  arrival 
he  has  made  but  three  journeys  beyond  its  boundaries,  and  on  each  occasion  he 
visited  San  Francisco.  His  residence  here  covers  the  great  formative  period 
in  the  development  of  tfie  northwest,  and  he  distinctly  remembers  the  days  when 
the  commercial  center  of  the  city  of  Vancouver  could  have  been  purchased  with 
coal  rights  for  five  dollars  per  acre. 

Mr.  Bevilockway  married  Miss  Janet  Brown  Kuarston,  a  daughter  of  James 
and  Margaret  Kuarston,  the  father  one  of  the  well  known  pioneers  of  Nanaimo. 
The  fraternal  relations  of  Mr.  Bevilockway  are  confined  to  his  membership  in 
the  Masonic  lodge.  He  enjoys  recalling  the  period  in  the  early  history  of  the 
country,  and  many  are  the  interesting  reminiscences  he  relates  of  that  time,  some 
of  which  are  most  laughable  while  others  center  about  the  tragedies  that  form 
30  large  a  portion  of  the  early  history  of  the  northwestern  frontier. 


HUGH  ROWLANDS. 

Hugh  Rowlands  is  one  of  the  locators  and  founders  of  the  city  of  Cumber- 
land and  in  pioneer  times  was  one  of  the  first  developers  of  the  coal  mines  which 
have  since  made  that  district  famous.  He  came  to  British  Columbia  in  1885  and 
although  he  has  not  been  a  continuous  resident  since  that  time,  he  has  taken  an 
active  part  in  the  upbuilding  of  this  part  of  the  province  and  is  today  one  of  the 
best  known  residents  of  Nicola  Valley.  He  was  born  in  Mount  Nash,  Wales, 
December  25,  1853,  and  is  a  son  of  Masch  and  Catherine  Rowlands,  the  former 
a  contractor  in  that  country.  The  parents  afterwards  moved  to  Pennsylvania, 
where  they  passed  away. 

Hugh  Rowlands  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city  but  was  obliged  to  lay  aside  his  books  at  the  early  age  of  seven  and  since 
that  time  has  been  dependent  upon  his  own  exertions  for  a  livelihood.  He  first 
went  to  work  in  the  coal  mines  of  South  Wales  but  at  the  end  of  four  years 
accompanied  his  parents  to  America,  settling  with  them  in  Pottsville,  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  soon  afterward  went  to  St.  Claire,  a  mining  camp  in  the  same  state, 
where  he  worked  for  fifteen  years,  moving  at  the  end  of  that  time  to  Shenandoah, 
where  he  remained  for  three  years.  In  1885  he  moved  to  British  Columbia  and, 
settling  in  Nanaimo,  spent  a  number  of  years  engaged  in  mining.  In  1889  R. 
Dunsmuir  sent  out  a  party  under  John  Dick  into  the  Comox  district  to  prospect 
for  coal  and  Mr.  Rowlands  joined  them.  They  found  coal  near  Cumberland  and 
opened  up  the  great  coal  mines  which  have  made  that  district  famous  throughout 
the  world.  Mr.  Rowlands  remained  only  six  months  in  that  locality  and  then 
returned  to  the  vicinity  of  Nanaimo,  settling  in  Northfield.  He  was  one  of  the 
first  prospectors  and  guides  on  Taxeda  island,  succeeding  in  locating  some  of  the 
finest  claims  in  that  district,  and  he  spent  a  number  of  years  mining  in  different 
sections  of  the  province,  becoming  foreman  for  various  mining  companies.  When 
J.  R.  Johnson,  of  Nanaimo,  opened  up  a  cannery  on  the  Skeena  river  Mr.  Row- 
lands served  as  superintendent  and  he  was  connected  with  business  interests 
there  for  some  time.  In  1891  he  took  a  trip  to  Wales,  remaining  but  a  short  time 
and  going  from  South  Wales  to  Pennsylvania,  where  he  visited  his  parents  and 
at  their  request  remained  with  them  until  they  passed  away.  He  returned  to 
British  Columbia  in  1907  and  again  located  at  Nanaimo,  later  returning  to  the 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  1151 

mines  where  he  spent  six  months.  After  a  short  residence  in  Vancouver  he 
finally  located  in  the  Kettle  valley  and  there  he  now  conducts  a  large  chicken 
ranch  which,  under  his  able  management,  has  become  important  and  profitable. 

Mr.  Rowlands  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  Owens,  a  daughter  of 
Owen  Owens,  a  miner.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rowlands  became  the  parents  of  two  chil- 
dren, a  son  and  a  daughter,  the  latter  of  whom  has  passed  away.  Mrs.  Rowlands 
is  also  deceased.  Mr.  Rowlands  is  connected  with  Lodge  No.  490,  K.  P.,  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  is  a  devout  member  of  the  Baptist  church.  He  is  fond  of 
hunting  and  is  an  excellent  shot  and  takes  a  great  delight  in  the  open,  spending 
many  hours  each  day  out  of  doors.  Persistent  labor  has  been  the  keynote  of  his 
success  and  he  has  at  all  times  been  found  a  representative  and  reliable  business 
man,  honored  and  respected  by  all  who  know  him. 


HARRY   NELSON   RICH. 

Harry  Nelson  Rich,  prominently  connected  with  business  interests  of  Ladner 
as  local  agent  for  the  Brackman-Ker  Milling  Company,  Limited,  was  born  at 
Twickenham,  England,  January  n,  1857,  a  son  of  Henry  Robins  and  Mary 
Elizabeth  (Norris)  Rich,  the  former  a  master  mariner.  He  acquired  his  educa- 
tion in  the-  Bloxham  school  at  Oxon,  England,  and  in  1880  came  to  British  Colum- 
bia, locating  in  Ladner,  where  he  has  since  resided.  Immediately  afterward  he 
secured  a  position  as  accountant  in  a  cannery  and  so  continued  until  1885,  when 
he  became  manager  for  T.  McNealy,  serving  in  that  capacity  from  1885  to  1900. 
In  the  latter  year  he  became  connected  with  the  Brackman-Ker  Milling  Company, 
Limited,  as  local  agent  and  he  still  retains  this  position,  in  which  he  has  since 
accomplished  a  great  deal  of  far-sighted  and  capable  work.  He  is  in  addition 
president  of  the  Butler  Freighting  &  Towing  Company,  Limited,  and  is  well 
known  as  a  notary  public  and  auctioneer,  being  recognized  in  business  circles  as 
a  man  whose  judgment  is  at  all  times  sound  and  reliable  and  whose  business 
integrity  is  unquestioned. 

On  the  loth  of  June,  1889,  Mr.  Rich  was  united  in  marriage,  in  All  Saints 
church,  to  Mrs.  Lydia  Mary  (Green)  Heppel,  a  daughter  of  C.  F.  Green,  of  this 
city,  and  they  have  become  the  parents  of  five  children,  Edith  Emily,  Sidney 
Norris,  Gertrude  May,  Mildred  and  Phyllis.  Mr.  Rich  is  a  member  of  the 
Episcopal  church  and  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  conservative  party.  He 
is  a  charter  member  of  the  Westminster  Club  and  belongs  to  the  Masonic  lodge, 
serving  in  1909  as  grand  master  for  British  Columbia.  He  is  an  upright,  hon- 
orable and  progressive  business  man  and  in  the  course  of  thirty-three  years' 
connection  with  business  interests  of  Ladner  has  gained  the  esteem  and  high  re- 
gard of  his  associates  and  friends. 


HARRY  CLARKSON   MAJOR. 

Harry  Clarkson  Major,  a  prosperous  and  progressive  business  man  of  New 
Westminster,  is  a  native  son  of  the  city,  his  parents  being  Charles  George  and 
Mary  Elizabeth  (Clarkson)  Major,  of  whom  more  extended  mention  will  be 
found  on  another  page  in  this  work.  Their  son  acquired  his  education  in  the 
public  and  high  schools  of  this  city  and  at  Whethan  College  in  Vancouver. 
After  his  graduation  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  real-estate  and  financial  bro- 
kerage concern  of  Major  &  Pearson,  of  which  his  father  was  senior  partner,  and 
he  continued  in  this  connection  until  1901,  when  he  entered  the  provincial  gov- 
ernment service  as  collector  of  revenue  tax  and  assistant  assessor.  He  did 
capable  and  far-sighted  work  in  this  capacity  until  1008,  when,  on  account  of  the 
illness  of  his  father,  he  resigned  to  look  after  the  latter's  business  affairs.  One 


1152  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

year  later  he  formed  a  partnership  with  E.  H.  Savage  under  the  name  of  Major  & 
Savage  and  this  grew  to  be  one  of  the  largest  real-estate,  insurance  and  financial 
brokerage  firms  in  the  city.  Mr.  Major  continued  his  connection  with  it  until 
April,  1912,  when  the  business  it  controlled  was  purchased  by  the  Northwest 
Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  of  Vancouver,  and  the  concern  became  the  New  West- 
minster branch  of  that  corporation.  Since  that  time  .Mr.  Major  has  centered 
his  attention  upon  the  supervision  of  his  private  interests,  which  are  extensive 
and  varied,  for  in  the  course  of  his  active  career  his  ability  has  carried  him 
into  important  relations  with  business  affairs  in  the  city. 

On  the  4th  day  of  May,  1897,  Mr.  Major  was  united  in  .marriage  to  Miss 
Lillian  Welch,  a  native  of  London,  England,  and  a  daughter  of  George  F.  Welch, 
who  emigrated  to  Canada  from  that  country,  locating  in  eastern  Ontario.  He 
later  removed  to  New  Westminster  and  is  now  living  retired  in  Vancouver.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  .Major  became  the  parents  of  three  children,  Charles  Frederick,  Evelyn 
Winifred  and  Joy.  Mr.  Major  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  church  and  is  con- 
nected fraternally  with  King  Solomon  Lodge,  No.  17,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.;  Amity 
Lodge,  No.  27,  I.  O.  O.  F. ;  and  the  Native  Sons  of  British  Columbia.  He 
belongs  to  the  Westminster  Club  and  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs, 
interested  in  community  affairs  but  not  active  as  an  office  seeker.  He  stands  high 
in  both  a  business  and  a  social  sense  and  well  deserves  mention  as  one  of  the 
representative  citizens  of  New  Westminster. 


ERIC   WILSON   HARDIE. 

Among  the  younger  generation  of  business  men  in  Victoria  is  numbered  Eric 
Wilson  Hardie,  well  known  as  a  successful  dealer  in  real  estate.  He  was  born 
in  Manchester,  England,  November  2,  1886,  and  is  a  son  of  Henry  and  Mary 
Hardie.  The  father,  who  is  now  deceased,  was  the  owner  of  cotton  mills  in 
Manchester  for  many  years  and  moved  with  his  family  to  Victoria,  British  Colum- 
bia, about  1891,  on  account  of  failing  health. 

Eric  Wilson  Hardie  was  five  years  of  age  when  he  was  brought  to  Victoria 
by  his  parents  and  he  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  that  city. 
After  laying  aside  his  books  he  began  his  business  education  as  clerk  in  a  rail- 
way office,  and  after  four  years  of  this  work  he  entered  the  Dominion  Government 
Savings  Bank,  remaining  connected  with  their  Victoria  branch  for  about  six  years. 
In  1912  he  engaged  in  business  independently  as  a  dealer  in  real  estate  and  con- 
'tinues  to  do  so  at  the  present  time. 

Five  years  ago  Mr.  Hardie  was  married  to  a  daughter  of  Charles  N.  Cam- 
eron, one  of  the  pioneers  of  the  city  and  a  brother  of  the  late  Agnes  Deans 
Cameron.  Mr.  Hardie  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  England  and  gives  his 
political  allegiance  to  the  liberal  party. 


ARTHUR    NEVILE    SMITH. 

Arthur  Nevile  Smith,  who  since  1899  has  been  identified  with  the  real-estate 
and  insurance  business  in  Chilliwack  after  several  years'  connection  with  im- 
portant business  interests  in  Vancouver,  was  born  in  Paris,  Ontario,  June  28, 
1867,  and  is  a  son  of  Nevile  and  Martha  Clarke  Smith,  the  former  a  captain  in 
the  British  army  for  a  number  of  years.  The  father  has  passed  away. 

Arthur  N.  Smith  acquired  his  education  in  public  and  private  schools  of  his 
native  province  and  afterward  entered  a  law  office,  where  he  remained  for  a 
short  time.  He  then  became  clerk  in  a  bank  at  Dresden  and  from  there  moved 
in  1882  to  Dakota,  where,  he  became  connected  with  the  First  National  Bank 
of  Ashton.  In  1887  he  moved  to  British  Columbia  and  settled  in  Vancouver, 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  1153 

where  for  a  short  time  he  worked  on  the  survey  of  the  waterworks.  He  then 
moved -to  Chemainus,  where  he  established  himself  in  the  lumber  business,  but 
after  a  short  time  returned  to  Vancouver,  where  he  secured  a  position  with 
Creighton  &  Fraser,  ship-chandlers.  He  was  afterward  identified  with  Springer, 
Mellon  &  Company  in  the  commission  and  real-estate  business  and  after  some 
time  purchased  Mr.  Springer's  interests  in  the  concern,  the  firm  name  being 
changed  to  Mellon,  Smith  &  Company.  In  1896  Mr.  Smith  disposed  of  his  in- 
terests in  this  enterprise  and  went  to  the  coast,  where  he  worked  in  the  mines  for 
two  years,  afterward  joining  his  brother  in  the  organization  of  the  British  Colum- 
bia Leather  Company  in  Vancouver.  He  sold  his  interests  to  his  partner  in  1899 
and  came  to  Chilliwack,  establishing  himself  as  a  real-estate  and  insurance  agent 
here.  He  has  since  secured  a  large  and  representative  patronage  and  has  become 
known  as  a  man  of  energy  and  ability  whose  high  place  in  business  circles  of  this 
locality  has  been  worthily  won  and  is  richly  deserved.  In  addition  to  his  real-estate 
interests  in  Chilliwack  he  owns  also  the  Vedder  River  Hotel,  a  summer  resort 
on  the  Vedder  river,  and  this  enterprise  has  proved  an  important  source  of 
income  to  him. 

On  the  8th  of  August,  1911,  Mr.  Smith  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Dorothy 
Stevens,  a  native  of  Eastbourne,  England,  and  a  daughter  of  Charles  Stevens. 
Mr.  Smith  is  fond  of  all  kinds  of  outdoor  sports  and  spends  a  great  deal  of  his 
time  at  cricket,  tennis,  boating,  baseball  and  lacrosse.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Church  of  England  and  a  conservative  in  his  political  views,  having  served  as 
auditor  of  the  Chilliwack  municipality.  He  is  a  man  of  great  ability  and  industry 
and  these  qualities  make  him  an  able  official  and  a  successful  business  man. 


JAMES   STUART. 

James  Stuart,  who  since  1905  has  served  with  credit  and  ability  as  city 
purchasing  agent  for  Vancouver,  was  born  in  County  Glengarry,  Ontario,  Jan- 
uary 10,  1854,  and  is  a  son  of  Peter  and  Mary  (Morrison)  Stuart  of  Scotch 
extraction.  The  father  served  as  quartermaster  in  the  Glengarry  Highlanders 
during  the  rebellion  of  1837  and  was  afterward  clerk  of  division  court,  township 
of  Lancaster,  for  thirty-seven  years,  and  sheriff  under  Lord  Elgin  for  the  united 
counties  of  Stormont,  Dundas  and  Glengarry. 

James  Stuart  acquired  his  education  in  the  grammar  schools  of  Williamstown, 
Ontario,  where  he  was  a  schoolmate  of  Donald  McMasters,  who  is  now  a  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  commons,  England.  After  laying  aside  his  books  he  en- 
gaged in  construction  work  for  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  on  the  north  shore 
of  Lake  Superior,  having  full  charge  of  the  stores  for  two  years.  He  came  to 
Vancouver  in  1887  and  for  nine  years  thereafter  was  connected  with  Oppen- 
heimer  Brothers,  wholesale  grocers,  leaving  this  connection  in  order  to  identify 
himself  with  the  Kelley  &  Douglass  Grocery  Company,  with  whom  he  remained 
for  six  years,  gaining  a  great  deal  of  practical  experience  in  the  wholesale  grocery 
trade,  studying  market  conditions  and  learning  the  business  in  principle  and 
detail'.  He  afterward  mined  for  a  few  years  but  in  1905  accepted  the  position 
of  city  purchasing  agent  in  Vancouver,  an  office  which  his  previous  experience 
eminently  qualified  him  to  fill.  He  has  since  served  with  credit  and  ability,  dis- 
-harging  his  duties  in  a  practical,  economical  and  able  manner. 

In  Lancaster,  Ontario,  on  the  ist  of  June,  1884,  Mr.  Stuart  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Helps,  a  daughter  of  Andrew  and  Jennet  (Snyder) 
Helps  both  representatives  of  United  Empire  Loyalist  families.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Stuart  have  five  children.  Peter,  Andrew,  Jennet,  Agnes  and  William  Mr. 
Stuart  is  a  conservative  in  his  political  beliefs  and  a  member  of  the  Methodist 
church  He  is  connected  fraternally  with  the  Independent  Order  -of  Odd  Fel- 
lows and  the  L.  O.  L.  and  is  a  member  of  the  Progress  Club  of  Vancouver.  He 
has  been  a  resident  of  this  city  for  over  twenty-five  years  and  has  a  wide  acquaint- 


1154  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

ance  here,  where  his  genuine  personal  worth  and  his  excellent  business  and  offi- 
cial record  have  brought  him  into  prominence.  He  is  recognized  as  a  sub- 
stantial and  representative  citizen  by  those  with  whom  he  has  long  been  asso- 
ciated and  as  one  who  from  the  beginning  of  his  career  has  been  deeply  interested 
in  the  material,  mental  and  moral  welfare  of  the  community. 


RICHARD  JOHN  SACHEVERELL  BATEMAN. 

Richard  John  Sacheverell  Bateman,  engaged  in  the  real-estate  business  in 
Victoria,  was  born  December  2,  1882,  in  Cleveland  Terrace,  London,  S.  W.  His 
paternal  great-grandfather,  Richard  Bateman,  was  Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Morley, 
Derbyshire,  and  barrister-at-law  and  high  sheriff  of  Derbyshire  in  1812.  His 
son,  the  grandfather,  was  the  Rev.  John  Bateman,  rector  of  East  and  West  Leake 
and  dean  of  Hartington.  His  father,  Captain  Richard  Sacheverell  Bateman, 
R.  N.,  was  a  distinguished  naval  officer  who  took  part  in  the  Crimean  war  aboard 
The  Dauntless,  being  present  at  the  night  attack  on  Sevastopol  and  in  the  expedi- 
tion to  Kinburn,  for  which  he  received  the  Crimean  and  Turkish  medals  and 
the  Sevastopol  clasp.  He  also  commanded  the  Daphne  in  1872-73  on  the  east 
coast  of  Africa,  being  engaged  in  the  suppression  of  the  slave  trade.  His  wife 
was  Fanny  Mary,  daughter  of  the  late  George  Scovell,  of  Grosvenor  Place,  W. 
The  student  days  of  R.  J.  S.  Bateman  covered  periods  spent  in  Marlborough 
College  and  King's  College,  Cambridge.  He  was  graduated  from  the  latter  with 
the  B.  A.  degree  in  1904  and  entered  upon  an  active  professional  career  as  civil 
engineer  on  the  construction  of  the  Carlisle  waterworks  in  England,  being  thus 
engaged  from  1904  until  1908.  He  arrived  in  Canada  in  October  of  the  latter 
year  and  made  his  way  to  Winnipeg,  where  he  remained  until  the  following  July, 
representing  the  Alberta  Land  Company,  Ltd.,  of  London,  England.  From  July, 
1909,  until  November,  1911,  he  was  engaged  in  fruit  growing  near  Nelson,  Brit- 
ish Columbia,  and  was  also  a  director  of  the  Nelson  Boat  &  Launch  Company, 
Ltd.,  in  1910  and  1911.  Since  then  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  real-estate  busi- 
ness. 

In  politics  Mr.  Bateman  is  a  conservative  but  not  an  active  party  worker.  He 
was  formerly  an  associate  member  of  the  Institute  of  Civil  Engineers,  of  London, 
and  he  now  has  membership  in  the  Nelson  (B.  C.)  Club,  in  the  Oxford  and 
Cambridge  Club,  of  London,  England,  and  the  Union  Club  of  Victoria.  • 


ANGUS  R.   JOHNSTON. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  personalities  and  highly  esteemed  citizens  of 
Nanaimo  was  the  late  Angus  R.  Johnston,  who  for  thirty-three  years  had  been 
prominently  identified  with  the  commercial  circles  of  the  city.  He  was  an  influ- 
ential man  of  progressive  ideas  and  had  substantially  assisted  in  promoting  the 
development  of  the  city  by  his  willingness  to  keep  abreast  with  every  advance 
movement  or  modern  improvement.  He  was  born  at  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  on  the 
I2th  of  August,  1832,  and  was  a  son  of  Alec  Johnston.  His  education  was  ac- 
quired at  Inverness,  Glasgow  and  Edinburgh,  where  he  pursued  a  course  in  civil 
engineering. 

Shortly  after  completing  his  studies  Mr.  Johnston  joined  a  party  of  engineers, 
who  were  going  to  Chile,  South  America,  to  survey  a  line  of  railway  between 
Valparaiso  and  Santiago.  He  remained  with  this  party  for  some  time  and 
then  joined  a  body  of  scientists  who  were  making  explorations  in  Chile,  Peru  and 
Ecuador,  and  during  this  period  became  familiar  with  a  large  portion  of  South 
America.  Subsequently  he  drifted  into  Central  America  with  a  similar  party, 


BRITISH    COLUMBIA  1155 

and  was  in  Nicaragua  at  the  time  Walker  made  his  celebrated  filibustering  expedi- 
tion in  that  state.  This  outraged  Mr.  Johnston's  sense  of  right  and  readily  en- 
listed his  sympathies  for  the  Nicaraguan  government  to  whom  he  offered  his 
services.  He  was  given  a  lieutenant's  commission  and  while  engaged  in  the  dis- 
charge of  his  duties  was  severely  wounded,  his  injuries  incapacitating  him  for  a 
period  of  eight  months.  When  able  to  travel  he  went  to.  Chile  and  embarked 
on  the  Florence  Hamilton  for  California.  The  vessel  was  wrecked  and  all  on 
board  lost  with  the  exception  of  Mr.  Johnston  and  two  others,  whose  fate  for  a 
time  proved  equally  unfortunate  as  they  were  taken  prisoners  by  the  Indians. 
After  spending  about  two  months  in  captivity  they  succeeded  in  effecting  their 
escape,  managing  to  get  back  to  Valparaiso.  There  they  again  took  ship  for 
San  Francisco,  which  city  they  subsequently  reached  in  safety.  A  few  weeks 
later  he  joined  a  party  of  scientists  and  explorers  on  an  expedition  through  south- 
ern California,  Arizona  and  Utah.  He  remained  with  this  party  for  a  year, 
and  after  wintering  in  Salt  Lake  City,  returned  in  1857  to  San  Francisco.  For 
some  months  thereafter  he  engaged  in  prospecting  in  California  and  southern 
Oregon,  coming  to  British  Columbia  in  February  of  the  following  year  with  the 
American  boundary  commission,  among  whose  members  were  Captain  Campbell 
and  Lieutenant  Parkes.  It  had  been  his  intention  to  accept  a  position  offered 
him  on  the  commission,  but  on  his  arrival  at  Victoria  he  changed  his  mind  and 
went  up  the  Fraser  river  with  a  party  of  miners,  prospecting  for  gold.  They 
had  made  quite  extensive  explorations  before  the  great  influx  of  that  year,  follow- 
ing quickly  upon  the  announcement  of  the  discovery  of  gold,  and  were  given 
considerable  assistance  by  the  agents  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company.  Upon 
reaching  Fort  Hope  they  obtained  Indian  guides  and  went  by  way  of  the  Harri- 
son-Lillooet  portage  to  the  point  where  Lillooet  now  stands.  When  they  reached 
the  Fraser  river  they  made  a  leisurely  journey  down  stream  carefully  examining 
the  bars  until  they  reached  Mormon  bar,  situated  a  few  miles  above  the  mouth 
of  the  Thompson  river,  where  they  located.  Here  they  prospected  with  very 
good  success,  until  their  stock  of  supplies  became  practically  exhausted,  when 
they  were  compelled  to  cease  operations  and  make  their  way  to  the  nearest  trad- 
ing post  to  secure  a  fresh  supply  of  provisions.  One  of  their  members  was  left 
behind  to  protect  their  interests  while  the  remainder  of  the  party  went  down  the 
river  with  the  boat  en  route  to  Victoria.  At  Yale  they  met  a  large  throng  of 
incoming  California  miners,  but  continued  to  their  destination,  and  after  purchas- 
ing their  supplies  started  on  the  return  trip.  They  were  delayed,  however,  by 
the  high  tide  and  the  hostility  of  the  Indians  above  Chapman  bar,  and  when  these 
obstacles  had  been  removed  they  found  that  the  man  whom  they  had  left  to  guard 
their  claims  had  been  starved  out.  Mr.  Johnston  remained  in  Chapman  bar 
during  1858  and  1859,  meeting  with  fair  success  in  prospecting.  In  the  autumn 
of  the  latter  year  he  returned  to  Victoria,  and  after  residing  there  for  a  time 
purchased  land  elsewhere  and  remained  until  1862.  Hearing  wonderful  reports 
regarding  the  reputed  wealth  of  the  Cariboo  district,  he  determined  to  once  more 
try  his  luck  at  prospecting,  and  spent  the  succeeding  eleven  years  in  that  territory, 
experiencing  all  the  varying  fortunes  and  hardships,  privations  and  dangers  inci- 
dent to  mining  life.  During  this  period  he  was  interested  in  claims  on  Williams', 
Lightning  and  Antler  and  other  well  known  creeks,  and  on  the  whole  was  unusually 
successful.  In  1873  ne  kf*  Cariboo,  going  to  Burrard  Inlet,  and  thence  to 
Seattle,  where  he  remained  for  two  years.  He  later  returned  to  Victoria  and 
came  from  there  to  Nanaimo,  where  in  1877  he  established  a  wholesale  and  retail 
grocery  and  building  supply  business,  which  enterprise  is  now  being  conducted  by 
his  son  Harold  L.  Johnston.  A  man  of  much  business  energy  and  sagacity,  Angus 
R.  Johnston  readily  became  one  of  the  foremost  representatives  of  the  commer- 
cial interests  of  the  city,  and  his  death  robbed  the  community  of  one  of  its  most 
public-spirited  and  progressive  citizens.  He  was  the  first  to  develop  herring  fish- 
ing in  British  Columbia,  and  took  an  active  interest  in  forwarding  the  development 
of  other  local  activities. 


1156  BRITISH    COLUMBIA 

In  October,  1880,  Mr.  Johnston  was  married  to  Miss  Zillah  Cook,  a  daughter 
of  Ephraim  and  Julia  Cook,  and  a  native  of  Truro,  Nova  Scotia,  where  her 
paternal  grandparents  located  more  than  a  hundred  years  ago.  To  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Johnston  were  born  three  children:  Harold,  the  son  above  mentioned;  Kate, 
who  is  completing  her  education  in  Germany;  and  Effie,  who  is  residing  at  home. 

Mr.  Johnston  expired  soon  after  returning  home  from  his  place  of  business 
on  the  evening  of  December  31,  1910.  He  had  complained  of  not  feeling  well 
for  about  a  week,  but  had  lost  none  of  his  usual  energy  and  cheerfulness,  and  as 
a  result  his  sudden  death  came  as  a  terrible  shock  to  his  family  and  the  entire 
community.  His  had  been  a  most  unusual  life,  his  early  years  replete  with  adven- 
tures and  experiences  of  an  extraordinary  nature  and  character,  following  which 
he  became  a  most  efficient  and  capable  business  man.  His  varied  experiences 
extending  over  the  long  period  of  his  life  in  the  west  had  given  him  a  broad  and 
comprehensive  understanding  of  human  nature  generally,  and  he  was  qualified  to 
meet  every  type  and  class  of  mankind  with  a  full  appreciation  of  their  peculiari- 
ties, and  to  this  fact  must  be  largely  attributed  the  success  he  encountered  in  the 
development  of  his  extensive  interests. 


CHARLES   BRAKENRIDGE. 

Charles  Brakenridge,  assistant  city  engineer  of  Vancouver,  was  appointed  to 
that  position  in  1911  and  has  since  discharged  its  duties  with  conspicuous  ability 
and  faithfulness.  His  birth  occurred  at  Whitehaven,  England,  on  the  5th  of 
June,  1885,  his  parents  being  David  and  .Margaret  Brakenridge,  the  father  being 
a  representative  of 'an  old  Scotch  family  and  a  well  known  commission  agent  and 
importer  in  the  north  of  England.  The  mother  is  of  English  descent.  He  ac- 
quired his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Whitehaven  and  in  the  grammar 
school  at  Saint  Bees,  England,  and  subsequently  pursued  a  course  of  study  in  the 
Royal  Technical  College  of  Glasgow,  Scotland.  After  completing  his  education 
he  was  articled  to  the  late  J.  S.  Moffatt,  civil  and  architectural  engineer  at  White- 
haven,  England,  for  four  years.  On  the  expiration  of  that  period  he  became 
contractor's  resident  engineer  of  the  Oughterside  Colliery  Branch  Railway.  At 
the  end  of  a  -year  spent  in  that  capacity  he  was  appointed  assistant  engineer  of  the 
Caledonian  Railway  Company  of  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  was  thus  engaged  for 
two  years.  He  then  emigrated  to  Canada,  locating  at  Edmonton,  Alberta,  where 
he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Pacific  Railway  Company.  Leaving 
Edmonton,  he  continued  in  the  service  of  that  corporation  in  the  Skeena  river 
country  until  1908,  when  he  went  to  Dawson,  Alaska,  and  entered  the  employ  of 
the  Yukon  Gold  Company.  In  1909  he  came  to  Vancouver,  British  Columbia, 
and  here  acted  as  chief  draughtsman  in  the  office  of  the  city  engineer  until  1911, 
when  he  was  appointed  assistant  city  engineer,  which  position  he  has  held  to 
the  present  time,  having  gained  an  enviable  reputation  for  efficiency  and  trust- 
worthiness. 

On  the  loth  of  August,  1911,  at  North  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  Mr. 
Brakenridge  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Annie  Naismith  Hamilton,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Thomas  Hamilton,  who  is  identified  with  newspaper  interests  in  Scotland 
as  the  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Hamilton  Advertiser,  Ltd.  In  politics  Mr. 
Brakenridge  is  a  conservative,  while  his  religious  faith  is  that  of  the  Presby- 
terian church.  He  is  still  young  in  years,  and  one  may  safely  predict  that  a 
bright  future  lies  before  him. 


INDEX 


Adams,   F.   W 985 

Adams,   W.   E 1011 

Agassiz,   L.   A 614 

Aitchison,  J.  N 894 

Akhurst,  W.  A 475 

Alexander,    George 398 

Alexander,  R.  H 828 

Allan,   0.   B 299 

Allen,    J.    A 465 

Alvensleben,  C.  A.  von 1113 

Ambery,    J.    W 1036 

Anderson,    W.    H. . .  <-: 847 

Annandale,  T.  S 209 

Anstie,    H.   J 589 

Armour,    Douglas 491 

Armstrong,    T.    J 292 

Armstrong,    W.    H 222 

Armstrong,  W.   J 536 

Arnold,    C.    S 487 

Ashwell,    G.    R 1012 

Atkins,   T.   E 382 

Bain,    N.    H 95 

Baker,  R.  H 646 

Baker,  H.  W 359 

Balkwill,  T.  B 91 

Barber,  H.  J 721 

Barnard,  F.  J 1067 

Bateman,  R.  J.  S 1154 

Baugh-Allen,    Wihnot 897 

Beaton,    Angus 1023 

Beattie,  A.  M 502 

Beckman,    William 1076 

Bell,  H.  A 750 

Bell,    J.   D 277 

Bell,   J.    G 902 

Belyea,    H.   A 318 

Benwell,  J.  0 351 

Berry,  F.  K 1050 

Berry,  H.  A 1043 

Beveridge,    James 270 

Bevilockway,    George 1149 

Bingham,  H.  E 852 

Bird,  J.   E 125 

Birds,   S.   B 552 

Bissett,   A.  R 471 

Blake,   R.  M 874 

Bland,  J.  J 664 

Boak,   H.   W.   C 453 

Bonsall,    Henry 962 

Boultbee,  W.  W 517 

Bourke,   D.   D 548 

Bourne,  H.  V 883 

Bowen,   J.   L\ 449 


Bowman,  J.  H 93 

Bowron,    John 837 

Bowser,    Francis ng 

Brakenridge,    Charles 1156 

Bray,  H.  R 505 

Bray,  M.  B 466 

Briggs,  H.  C 438 

Bright,   E.  J 1057 

Bright,   J.   B 34 

Brown,    D.    E 53 

Brown,  M.  C 1108 

Brown,   W.  H 624 

Brubaker,   A.  J 1055 

Bryant,  J.  C 1131 

Brydon  Jack,  A.  C 166 

Brydone  Jack,  W.  D 1106 

Brymner,  G.  D 84 

Buchan,    Ewing 105 

Bucklin,    E.    H 163 

Buddlej  C.  B 248 

Burdick,  A.  C 687 

Burdick,   N.    T 790 

Burns,    W.    E 129 

Burr,  J.  B 725 

Bush,    Edwin 893 

Butchart,  R.  P 990 

Cade,    G.   E 506 

Cade,    J.    B 598 

Calland,    T.    H 371 

Cameron,    Donald 711 

Campbell,   D.   E 1035 

Campbell,  J.  B 476 

Campbell,  S.  G 903 

Campbell- Johnston,  R.  C 244 

Camsusa,   L.  J 961 

Carlisle,  J.  H 308 

Carlow,  F.  R 1063 

Carmichael,    Alfred 1075 

Carncross,    E.    M 995 

Carnwath,  C.  H 295 

Carper,  H.  P 378 

Carson,   R.   H 792 

Carter,    Nelson 1107 

Carter,  W.  D 407 

Cartwright,  C.  E 2 

Casey,    Archbishop H26 

Cassady,  G.  L 847 

Castleman,  S.  J 178 

Catherwood,   J.   A 698 

Cawley,  S.  A 628 

Ceperley,    H.    T 

Chaldecott,  F.  M 5 

Chamberlin,    R.    G 367 


1157 


1158 


INDEX 


Charles,    William 18 

Choate,  J.  Z 846 

Christien,    Louis 834 

Clabon,  A.  B 528 

Clark,  J.  A 842 

Clark,  R.  W 446 

Clarke,  J.  A 753 

Cliff,  C.  E 96 

Clifton,    David 1058 

Coatham,   W.   C 782 

Coldicutt,    T.   D 498 

Collister,  J.  R 827 

Conway,  G.  R.  G 496 

Cooke,   R.   P 792 

Cope,  F.  T 214 

Corbett,  G.   S 819 

Corbould,    G.    E 495 

Cotton,   M.   P 394 

Courtney,   H.   E.  A 1006 

Crandall,  E.   E 337 

Crickmay,   F.   G 757 

Croot,  J.  T 720 

Crosby,    Thomas 1099 

Crowe,    S.    J 352 

Cunliffe,    B.    A 468 

Cunningham,  F.  H 248 

Cunningham,  J.  A 251 

Curtis,   D.    S 126 

Dale,   J.    M 810 

Dalzell,  A.  G 1063 

Darling,    Clarence 841 

Dashwood- Jones,   W.   A 61 

Dauphinee,    T.   T 206 

Davis,    F.    L 121 

Davis,    Henry 50 

Denholm,   J.   L 1049 

de  Pencier,  A.  U 232 

Deppe,   F.  H 921 

Dewar,   H.   M 645 

Dickson,   W.   S 698 

Disney,    Harold 462 

Ditmars,  W.  C 749 

Dixon,    Joseph 218 

Doherty,    C.    E 288 

Doig,    James 442 

Dougall,    John 950 

Douglas,   Benjamin • 722 

Doull,  A.  J 960 

Drayton,   C.   R 278 

Driscoll,   Timothy 678 

Drysdale,    Gordon 182 

Duce,   R.   H 1042 

Dunlevy,    P.    C 716 

Dunlevy,    S.   P 778 

Dunn,  Alexander 684 

Dunsmuir,    Robert 666 

Eastman,   H.   A 17 

Ebbage,    Ernest 266 

Edge,    Samuel ". 1119 

Edmonds,   H.   L 113 

Edmonds,   H.   V 72 

Edwards,   G.   W 397 

Elliott,   F.  C 865 

Ellis,  J.  N »639 

Endacott,    G.   M 605 

Erwin,    Walter 1052 

Evans,    Richard 389 

Evans,    David 708 

Eveleigh,  S.  M , 908 

Ewen,    John 846 


Fabry,    Frank 870 

Fader,  E.  J 372 

Fagan,  W.  L 832 

Falch,   E.  J 269 

Farquharson,   A.  K 1014 

Farris,   J.   W.   DeB 45 

Featherston,    John 992 

Ferguson,    Angus 796 

Ferguson,  H.  R.  M 940 

Fillmore,   C.  L 513 

Findlay,   James 190 

Flack,    Samuel 799 

Fletcher,   C.   H 1005 

Flett,    J.    W 1070 

Forbes,    A.    E 1030 

Ford,  R.  W ".  . .   317 

Fortin,    George 907 

Fortune,    J.    H 856 

Foster,   J.  H 574 

Fowler,    Robert 1082 

Fox,    James 593 

Eraser,   H.   M 522 

Frazier,   Percy 303 

Freeze,  D.  D 805 

Fripp,   R.   M 291 

Fromme,   J.   M 1064 

Fulton,   F.  J 921 

Galvin,   J.   P 673 

Garden,  J.  F 13 

Garrett,    A.    E 411 

Gaynor,    J.    E 147 

Gibb,    David 274 

Gibbard,    George 719 

Gibson,    Richard 408 

Giffen,  J.  B 565 

Gilbert,    C.   R 376 

Gilley,    G.    W 265 

Gilley,  J.  R 130 

Gilley,    W.    R 114 

Gillies,  B.  W.  D 351 

Gillis,    William 1130 

Gilmour,   H.   B 231 

Gintzburger,    Maurice 393 

Goddard,  J.  A 156 

Godfrey,  H.  R 480 

Godfrey,    William 623 

Gonnason,    Benjamin 663 

Goodwin,  W.  1 966 

Goodwyn,    Allen 809 

Gordon,   G.   R 5 

Gordon,    George 640 

Gould,  L.   M 949 

Grahame,  J.  A 820 

Grant,    David 743 

Grant,  E.  B 33 

Grant,  G.  W 803 

Gray,  J.  H.,  Jr 986 

Gray,   J.  H.,   Sr 932 

Green,    T.    B 1105 

Green,    William 926 

Greene,  J.  A 401 

Grime,  W.  W 1142 

Grogan,   G.   E 887 

Guertin,  L.  A 497 

Gwillim,  F.  L 389 

Gzowski,  C.  S 543 

Haddock,    W.    J 221 

Hager,   A.  L , 605 

Hall,  E.  A 693 

Hall,   J.   Z 88 


INDEX 


1159 


Hall,    Lewis 454 

Hall,  W.  K 1038 

Hammond,  G.  J 22 

Haney,    Thomas 707 

Hannington,   R.   W 311 

Hardie,  E.  W 1152 

Harper,    A.    M 450 

Harrison,    Eli • 578 

Harrison,  G.  S 80 

Harrison,  V.  B 1108 

Heisterman,  H.  F 715 

Heisterman,  H.  G.  S 747 

Helmcken,   J.    S 1132 

Henderson,    Alexander 739 

Henderson,  H.  S 1069 

Henderson,  J.  C 636 

Henderson,  R.  A 606 

Henderson,  William 931 

Henshaw,  Julia  W 862 

Hepburn,    Walter 936 

Hewett,  M.  W 837 

Hibben,  T.  N 694 

Hill,  A.   J 37 

Hinton,  G.  C 330 

Hodgson,  R.  C 364 

Holland,    C.    A 866 

Home,  T.  H 955 

Houghton,  L.  F 424 

Houlgate,  R.  K 14 

Howard,   James 526 

Hughes,   F.   W 679 

Humber,  A.  A 790 

Hunter,  W.  T 165 

Hutchinson,   D.   D 651 

Irvine,  William 795 

Irving,    James 1112 

Jackson,    Richard 870 

Jackson,    T.   H 887 

Jamieson,    Robert 186 

Jenkins,    Thomas 525 

Johnson,   A.   L 660 

Johnson,   William 584 

Johnston,    A.   R 1154 

Johnston,  A.  S 99 

Johnston,    D.    W 652 

Johnston,   R.   N 415 

Jones,     Charles 1017 

Jones,  F.  S 317 

Jones,  J.  J 14* 

Judge,   A.   P 431 

Kappele,  A.  J 597 

Kay,   C.   J 333 

Keate,  W.  L 117 

Keith,  J.  C.  M 566 

Keith,  W.  D 701 

Kellington,   A.   E 1087 

Kennedy,    George 632 

Kennedy,  J.  B 133 

Konnedy,    James 551 

Kenning,   A.   W 1038 

Ker,   D?  R 1018 

Kerr,  F.  L 488 

Kerr,  W.  J 258 

Kickbush.  F.  C 620 

Killam,    Cecil 441 

Killam,  F.  W 1120 

Kilmer,    J.    H 991 

T*:npr  i  George 467 

Vrig 1090 


Kinman,    E.    L 240 

Kipp,    Isaac 1020 

Kirk,   G.   A 509 

Kirkland,    Frank 739 

Kirkland,  W.  A 734 

Kirkpatrick,     Thomas 326 

Knappen,    T.   M 381 

Knight,  C.  C 160 

Knight,    E.    C 334 

Kosky,    John 911 

Kyle,    L.   C 619 

Ladner,  L.  J 287 

Ladner,   T.  E 170 

Laity,  J.  H 1095 

Langley,    A.    G 789 

Laselle,   B.   A 312 

Lazenby,   A.  L 584 

Lee,  J.  A 6 

Lees,  A.  E 649 

Lef evre,  J.  M 736 

Lembke,  W.  H 109 

Lennie,  R.  S 348 

Lewis,  F.  B 483 

Lewis,    J.    A 824 

Liddle,  A.  E.  T 522 

Livingston,    Stuart 214 

Lockwood,  H.  G 368 

Loewen,   C.  J 217 

London,   C.   E 926 

Low,    James 345 

Lucas,  F.  G.  T 143 

Lynch,    F.   J 151 

McBeath,    Malcolm 201 

McCallum,   J.   W 262 

McCloy,  W.  M 754 

McConkey,    W.    A 800 

McCulloch,    Peter 659 

McDade,   John 851 

McDiarmid,    F.    A 1062 

McDonald,    Hugh 342 

McDougall,    Daniel 809 

McDowell,    Henry 53 

McElhanney,  W.  G 866 

McFarland,  J.  W 42 

McFarlane,  J.  C 1088 

McGillivray,  D.   C 1030 

Mcllreevy,  J.  E 83 

Mclnnes,    J.    L 602 

Mclntosh,  D.  A 29 

McKee,   John,   Sr 1044 

McKenzie,    Dugald 859 

McKim,  H.  C.  N 513 

McKinnon,    Angus 1026 

McLean    Brothers 527 

McLean,  C.  G 228 

McLean,  Donald 848 

McLeod,  A.  W 570 

McLeod,    John 285 

McMillan,    Charles 202 

McMillan,  W.  J H47 

McMullen,  J.  E 2 

McNeice,  F.  W 785 

McNeill,    William 674 

McPhillips,  L.  G 1094 

McQuade,    Peter « 

McQuarrie,    W.    G 767 

McRae,     Duncan 10 

McTavish,  D.  D 873 

McTavish,  D.  N f 

McTavish,  J.  A 855 


1  ''  ill 

i  '  i|  i 
Ill 

M 

1 

Mien 

1  a  :•£  i 

- 

IiJciili 

| 

Ik  "a  ;•]  ' 

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i 

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>  a  >!• 

,M*i 

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y:  a  i  = 

i 

M  a.  I  : 

1  1 

,  I 
I  1 


Main,    David 

Major,    C.    G 

Major,   H.   C 

Mann,   A.    E 

Mann,   A.   R 

Margetson,  S.  R 

Marpole,    Richard 

Marshall,    W.   J 

Martin,    Joseph 

Mashiter,    William .... 

Mathers,  W.  J 

Matheson,  Mackenzie.. 

Mawson,  J.  W 

Mayers,    Joseph 

Maynard,    H.    W 

Mee,   Robert 

Meek,   C.   S 

Mellish,  A.  J.  B 

Mellon,   H.    A 

Mellon,  Susanna  G.  C... 

Merritt,   C.   E 

Michaud,   Joseph Kill 

Millington,    W.    A... 

Mitchell,  A.  H 

Mitchell,    Nathaniel . 

Mitton,  E.  S 

Moberly,    Walter 

Monro,  A.   S 11IB 

Montgomery,    J.    A 

Montgomery,   S.  J 

Moorhead,   C.  A. 

Morgan,  E.   B 

Morgan,    T.    R 

Morris,   J.   P 

Morrison,    Alexander. . 

Morrison,    K.    J 

Morrow,  A.  T 

Morton,    John 

Mother  well,    J.    A...... 

Mounce,  R.   G 

Muesse,   J.   H 

Muir,   S.  A 

Muller,  H.  G 

Munro,    George 

Munro,   James 

Murphy,  M.  J 

Murray,    John 

Murray,    John 


.  819 
.1055 
.  590 
.1017 
.1138 
.1029 
.  458 
.  833 
.  884 
.  748 
.  805 


Nason,  I.  B 767 

Nelson,    Nels. .  . 110 

Neville,  B.  E 355 


ling,    ti.   S 26 

Russell,  F.  R.  McD 181 

Russell,    J.    A 46 

Ryall,    Herbert 587 

Sampson,    John 898 

Sands,    E.    H 1089 

Savage,   E.  H 860 

Savage,  J.  M 903 

Seldon,  G.  E 617 

Serjeantson,   C.   R 1014 

Seymour.  C.  E 833 

Shaw,    Alexander 884 

Sheehan.  P.  F 256 

Sherriff,  T.  D -  , 

Sherwood,  A.  R •  •   b93 


INDEX 


1161 


Sigler,    Henry 299 

Simpson,  H.   P 1102 

Sinclair,   J.   W 838 

Slaney,  C.  A '  205 

Sloan,    William 772 

Sloan,  W.  J 656 

Smeed,    K.    A 334 

Smith,   A.   E 510 

Smith,   A.  N 1152 

Smith,   B.   B 734 

Smith,   E.   A 577 

Smith,    Frederick 197 

Smith,    Mackay 557 

Smith,    Merton 677 

South,  C.  J 316 

Spankie,  J.  E 386 

Sparling,   Robert 555 

Sparrow,  J.  J 677 

Sprice,    Anthony 922 

Sprott,  R.   J 321 

Steele,  C.  F.  H 691 

Steeves,   J.    S T 307 

Stephenson,    David 912 

Stevenson,    Robert 76 

Stewart,  D.  M 148 

Stewart,    F.   R 561 

Stewart,  W.  F 880 

Stoddart,    Thomas 862 

Stone,   H.   A 67 

Stott,    James 597 

Stuart,    James 1153 

Sturgess,    Frederick 1043 

Sullivan,  T.  J 817 

Sutherland,  J.  A 1076 

Sweet,  J.  H 257 

Tait,   C.  W 420 

Tait,  D.  S 965 

Tait,    Leonard 915 

Taylor,    Thomas 1144 

Teetzel,   A.   L 329 

Telfer,  G.  J 775 

Templer,   Jean 888 

Tennant,   A.   W 1041 

Tepoorten,  J.  A 483 

Thomas,  D.  J 918 

Thompson,  Nicholas 544 

Thomson,  H.  B 432 

Thomson,  J.  B 601 

Thorn,  J.  C 806 

Tilton,    William 904 

Tolmie,  J.  W 786 

Topp,   C.  H 875 

Townley,  T.   0 419 

Trapp,    T.   J 100 

Trimble,    Frank 768 

Trites,  F.  N 226 


Trites,  W.  S 890 

Trodden,    James 670 

Trorey,  G.  E 13 

Tulk,   A.   E 174 

Tunstall,   G.   C .'*."*  '.1083 

Tyrwhitt-Drake,  B.  H 1081 

Upton,    Gerald 371 

Vidal,  J.  H 252 

von  Cramer,  D.  A.  W 804 

Waddington,  R.  F 996 

Wadds,    G.    T 907 

Wade,  C.  H.  S 518 

Waghorn,  J.  R 1031 

Wagner,    Alexander 740 

Walkem,   R.  K 631 

Wallace,    Peter 587 

Waller,   H.   E 632 

Walls,  J.  P 1013 

Walsh,    John 255 

Walsh,    W.    W 532 

Warden,   J.   W 1078 

Watson,    Adam 680 

Watson,   Coverdale 198 

Watson,    C.    H 282 

Watson,    J.    M 610 

Waugh,  J.  H 733 

Webster,    G.    H 1006 

Weiss,    Karl 428 

White,   A.   E 437 

White,    Edward 569 

Whiteside,   W.   S 590 

Wilkie,  Otway 683 

Williams,    Alfred 136 

Williams,    J.    B 740 

Williams,  J.  T.  C 405 

Willis,    Robert 505 

Wilmot,  E.  A 861 

Wilson,   H.   G 416 

Wilson,    John 540 

Wilson,   T.   E 757 

Windebank,    Hori 514 

Wineland,    J.    F 925 

Witt,   G.   N 1051 

Wolfenden,   F.   C 1037 

Wolfenden,   F.   L 697 

Wolfenden,  W.  W 613 

Woods,  J.  G 363 

Woodside,   F.   E 1002 

Woodworth,  C.  P 945 

WTorsfold.  C.  C 594 

Worth,  M,  R 109 


Young,  D.  D.. 
Young,  H.  E.. 


.1082 
.    916 


V 


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S3         British  Columbia  from  the 
v.3     earliest  times  to  the  present 
cop.  2 


31