British entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found

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BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY ;
vr) ee BEING

ILLUSTRATIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

OF

THE GENERA OF INSECTS

FOUND IN

GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND

CONTAINING

COLOURED FIGURES FROM NATURE

OF THE MOST RARE AND BEAUTIFUL SPECIES
"AND IN MANY INSTANCES

OF THE PLANTS UPON WHICH THEY ARE FOUND

BY JOHN CURTIS, F.L.S

HONORARY MEMBER OF THE ASHMOLEAN SOCIETY OF OXFORD,
OF THE IMPERIAL AND ROYAL ACADEMY OF FLORENCE,
OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, ETC

VOL. II.
COLEOPTERA, Parr II

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR

92 GREAT RUSSELL STREET, BLOOMSBURY
SIMPKIN AND MARSHALL, STATIONERS’ COURT; AND
J. Be BAILLIERE, 219 REGENT STREET

1823—1840.

Lf

PRINTED BY RICHARD AND JOHN E. TAYLOR,
RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.

TO

WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, LL.D. F.R.S. &c.

PROFESSOR OF BOTANY,
TO WHOSE KINDNESS AND EARLY ENCOURAGEMENT
THE AUTHOR
IS GREATLY INDEBTED FOR HIS LOVE OF THE SCIENCE
TO WHICH HE IS SO STRONGLY ATTACHED,

AND FROM THE INVESTIGATION OF WHICH
HE DERIVES SO MUCH PLEASURE,

THIS VOLUME,

ILLUSTRATING
MANY OF THE LOCAL INSECTS AND PLANTS OF SCOTLAND,
IS DEDICATED,

AS A SMALL BUT SINCERE TRIBUTE OF HIS REGARD

AND RESPECT.

London, Jan. 1, 1826.

OM

614.
HOLOPARAMECUS DEPRESSUS.

Orpber Coleoptera. Fam. Corticaridze Curt.
Type of the Genus, H. depressus Curt.

Hotoraramecvs Curt.

Antenne nearly as long as the head and thorax, inserted before
the eyes, clavate, slightly pubescent and 9-jointed, basal joint
subglobose, 2nd and 3rd long, of equal length, 4 following
ovate, the 7th being a little the stoutest, 8th and 9th forming a
compressed club, the former ovate-truncate, the latter orbicular,
acuminated at the inner angle (6).

Labrum semiorbicular, but slightly bristly (1).

Mandibles elongate-trigonate, bifid at the apex, with a broad
membranous internal margin (2).

Mazille subrhomboidal, terminated by a small bristly internal
lobe and a larger external incurved one hairy at the apex. Palpi
short, triarticulate, basal joint obovate, truncated obliquely,
2nd somewhat cup-shaped, 3rd long elliptical, a little attenu-
ated (3).

Labium, &c. undiscovered.

Head broad trigonate: eyes small, lateral, placed at the base of the
head. 'Thorax depressed somewhat obcordate-quadrate, concave be-
fore, straight behind, with a channel on each side, near to the basal
angles : scutellum none or concealed. Elytra subelliptical, narrowed
a little at the base and apex. Wings ample. Legs short: tro-
chanters slender : thighs inflated, tibize simply clavate : tarsi rather
elongated, slender and triarticulate, basal joint short, stoutest in the
anterior ; 2nd the smallest, 3rd the longest and slenderest : claws
small (5, a fore leg).

Derressus Curt. Ent. Mag. v. 1. p. 186.—Guide, Gen. 239. 1.
Elliptical, depressed but a little convex, shining testaceous :
eyes black, granulated: thorax broader than the head, indi-
stinctly punctured, a transverse impressed line near the base,
which is narrowed, with a sharp longitudinal channel on each
side, terminating in a fovea towards the disc, the basal angles
acute and the margins slightly elevated : elytra broadest a little
below the base, obscurely and sparingly punctured, with a
channel on each side the suture: length 4 a line.

In the Author’s Cabinet.

Tus very minute insect recedes from the typical groups of
Coleoptera, having only nine-jointed antennsze and triarticu-
late tarsi; it is, however, undoubtedly allied to Corticaria as
well as to Latridius (pl. 311.), with which it accords in the
shape of the antennze and in the numerical structure of the
tarsi. On a former occasion I stated an opinion that Holo-
paramecus might be the means of connecting the Corticaridee
with the Scydmeeni, an affinity which appears to be further
strengthened by the discovery of the genus Eutheia.

I took a single specimen of Holoparamecus depressus_ many
years since running up the outside of a flour-mill in Norfolk,
which led me to believe that it fed upon grain; but I have
since found several specimens amongst small pieces of decayed
wood and bark that came from Mexico I believe, and this ren-
ders it probable that it may live in the crevices and under the
bark of trees, and also that it is, like many other insects, an
imported species.

The Plant appears to be Thlaspi arvense (‘Treacle Mustard).

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606.
PARAMECOSOMA BICOLOR.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Corticaridz ?
Type of the Genus, P. bicolor Curt.

Paramecosoma Curt. in Ent. Mag.

Antenne inserted before the eyes, as long as the head and
thorax, pubescent, capitate and 11-jointed, basal joint stout and
ovate, 2nd smaller and ovate, 6 followmg slender, somewhat
obovate, 3rd the longest, 5th nearly as long, 7th rather longer
than the 6th, 3 terminal joints dilated and compressed, 9th
somewhat obtrigonate, 10th broader, cup-shaped, 11th as large
as the basal joint, suborbicular, but notched externally at the
apex (6).

Labrum rather large, transverse, somewhat ovate, with a few
small bristles on the margin (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate, one rounded, the other angulated ex-
ternally, the apex acute and crenated beneath, at least in one,
with a ciliated notch below (2).

Mazille with 2 ciliated lobes, the internal one, apparently,
forming a claw at the apex, the outer one rounded and broader.
Palpi rather elongated, 4-jointed, basal joint small and slender,
2nd and 3rd stout, cup-shaped, 4th the longest, ovate, at-
tenuated to the apex which has a gland (3).

Mentum subtrigonate, the anterior margin bisinuated, having a
tooth at the centre. Palpi very short and stout, attached to
scapes which approximate at the base of the lip, biarticulate,
basal joint small cup-shaped, 2nd larger and ovate, slightly pu-
bescent externally, with a gland at the apex (4).

Head broad, trigonate, obtuse : eyes lateral, prominent and orbicular.
Thorax a little broader than the head, transverse-quadrate, the sides
slightly convex, with 1 or 2 obscure denticulations, the hinder angles
acute, the centre convex over the scutel which is transverse-ovate.
Elytra elliptical, considerably broader than the thorax. Wings large.
Legs, hinder rather the longest : thighs and tibiz simple, the latter
a little clavate: tarsi rather long slender and 5-jointed, basal joint
slightly elongated, 4th the smallest, 5th the longest, clavate: claws
long slender and acute (5 t, hind leq).

Brcotor Curt. Guide, Gen. 241. 1.
Shining ferruginous clothed with short ochreous pubescence ;
head, excepting the mouth, eyes thorax and scutellum black,
strongly and thickly punctured; thorax convex, with a small
fovea on each side at the base near the posterior angles : elytra
with lines of strong punctures very close together.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Walker, Mr. Walton, and the Author.

Tuis interesting little insect has the trophi of Cryptophagus
(pl. 160), the antennz of Latridius (pl. 311), and pentamerous
tarsi; whether, therefore, the Corticaride ought to be consi-
dered as a modification of the Cryptophagi, as the Pselaphi are
of the Staphylinida, or whether Paramecosoma alone should
be transferred to the Engidze, admits of doubt until other ge-
nera are dissected. Indeed these minute insects will require
the most rigorous investigation before we can hope to find
their actual affinities, and decide on the location of many whose
deviations from typical forms cause such an endless variety
amongst insects, and so often embarrass the scientific in their
attempts to form a natural arrangement.

Mr. F. Walker first discovered P. bicolor at Southgate, and
Mr. Walton has since taken it in some abundance in July, off

Furze-bushes growing over the water near Knaresborough in
Yorkshire.

The Plant is Arundo Phragmites, Common Reed.

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311.
LATRIDIUS ELONGATUS.

OrpvER Coleoptera. Fam. Corticaridz Curt.—Xylo-
phagi Lat.

Type of the Genus, Ips transversus Oliv.

Larrivivs Herbst., Lat., Gyl., Sam.—Tenebrio Linn., DeG.—Der-
mestes Fab., Payk., Panz—Ips Oliv—Corticaria Marsh.
Antenne nearly as long as the thorax, inserted at the anterior
angles of the head, clavate, 11-jointed, basal joint large globose,
2nd ovate larger than the six following which are slender, the
3rd joint being the smallest, 4th and 5th rather longer than
the 6th, 7th, and 8th which are oval, the remainder forming an
articulated club, the 9th and 10th joints being cup-shaped, the
11th the largest subglobose, produced obliquely at the apex (6).
Labrum very broad and short, semioval, anterior margin ciliated
and slightly depressed in the middle (1).

Mandibles not exserted, coriaceous, corneous at the base, acute
and slightly bifid at the apex, membranous and ciliated inter-
nally (2).

Maxille terminated by a pilose lobe. Palpi short and robust,
triarticulate, Ist and 2nd joints large subglobose, 3rd smaller and
subcoriaceous with 2 or 3 hairs at the apex (3).

Mentum transverse hexagonal, broadest at the base. Palpi aris-
ing below the anterior angles, very short and biarticulate, basal
joint very large and globose, 2nd very minute. Labium short
broad and ciliated (4).

Head oblong or subovate, broadest towards the base. Eyes lateral pro-
minent and not touching the Thorax, which is subquadrate-cordate
and much narrower than the elytra. Scutellum very minute. Elytra
very large and more or less oval. Wings very long. ‘Thighs in-
crassated, Tibie simple subclavate. Tarsi 4?-jointed, basal joint
very obscure, 2nd and 3rd of equal length, 4th very long. Claws
simple (5).

Etoneatus Curtis’s Guide, Genus 243. n. 6.

Pale castaneous. Head oblong coarsely punctured. Eyes black.
Thorax oblong, strangulated near the base, coarsely punctured ;
sides margined and slightly recurved. Elytra very long and
twice as broad as the thorax, elliptical and depressed, each hav-
ing six rows of very large and strongly impressed punctures,
the space between the 4th and 5th forming a sharp ridge. An-
tenne and legs sometimes paler and tinged with ochre.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Walker, and the Author.

An elaborate paper by Mr. J. F. Kyber relating to the ceco-
nomy of one of these little insects, will be found in the 2nd vol.

a 5

of Germar’s Magazine, illustrated by figures of the larva,
pupa, &c.; thence we learn that they feed on the Mucor found
upon vegetable and animal substances, and that they were
particularly attached to some pods of the radish (Raphanus sa-
tivus): they are sometimes observed in beer, and are seen upon
the corks of bottles, which they assist probably to destroy.

The larvee lived from March to the middle of May; they
then changed to pupze, fastening themselves to the sides of the
glass by their tails with their heads uppermost, and in this state
they remained about fourteen days.

These insects prefer dark and damp situations, and are
commonly found upon the walls of houses, under the bark of
dead trees, amongst grass, and in fungi: in England there are
either two broods in a year, (as they are most abundant in
April and August, ) or they live through the year, which is very
probable; for most if not all of them are common in moss in
the winter. Birds and spiders prey upon them.

The following are British species.

1. L. lardarius DeG.—quadratus Herb.—acuminatus Payhk.
—rugicollis Marsh. 113. 23.

Mr. Samouelle says it is found in hedges and sandy places
in April, May, and August.

2. L. rugicollis Oliv. 2. pl. 3. f.19.—Gyll. 4. 137.—The only
specimen I have seen, I took many years since in
Norfolk.

3. L. porcatus Herb.—Panz. 23. 9.—Germ. Mag. v. 2. tab. 1.
f: 1-6.—marginatus Payk.—pulla Marsh. 111. 14.—
minutus Linn. ?

March, April, and May; damp paper and old wood in
houses; Mr. Samouelle.

4, L. hirsutulus Steph.—hirtus Gy/l. ? v. 4. p. 139.

5. L. transversus Oliv. v. 2. n° 18. pl. 3. f: 20.—Marsh. 109.
10.—sculptilis Gy/l.

March, April, May, and August; hedges and sandy places;
Mr. Samouelle. Common in Norfolk.

6. L. ruficollis Marsh. 111. 17.—constrictus Gy/ll.

April, May, and August; sandy places and hedges; Mr.
Samouelle. In plenty in moss in Suffolk.

7. L. elongatus Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 311.

Taken by Mr. F. Walker in abundance out of moss col-
lected in the winter, in the vicinity of Southgate; and I have
received it from the New Forest.

This insect is readily distinguished from L. ruficollis, which
it most resembles, not only by its uniform colour and its larger
size, but the thorax is more elongated and not so broad before,
and the punctures on the elytra are larger in proportion and
more regular.

The beautiful plant represented is Ophrys apifera (Bee
Ophrys).

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283.

BITOMA CRENATA.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Corticaridee Curt.
Xylophagi Lat.

Type of the Genus, Lyctus crenatus Fab.

Brroma Herb., Lat.—Lyctus Fab., Payk., Panz.—lps Oliv.—Ditoma
Lat., Leach.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, on each side of and under the
clypeus, not much longer than the head, capitate and slightly
pilose; 11-jointed, lst and 2nd joints larger than the 3rd, the
former subglobose, the 3rd and 5 following subquadrate, gra-
dually increasing in diameter, the 9th larger, cup-shaped, the
10th and 1 1th forming a compressed club, the former cup-shaped,
the latter suborbicular (6).
Labrum rather transverse-oblong, the angles truncated and
ciliated (1).
Mandibles not porrected, bent, acute, bifid at the apex, hollowed
externally towards the base, the internal margin cut out and
producing a ciliated membrane (2).
Mazille terminated by a rounded lobe, strongly ciliated with
bristles and a narrow lobe on the inside. Palpi short robust and
rather pubescent, 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd obtrigonate,
3rd subquadrate, 4th as long as the others united, elongate-
ovate, compressed at the apex (3).
Mentum transverse,.sides convex, the angles acute. Labium
long, cordate, the anterior margin ciliated. Palpi rather short,
inserted above the base of the lip, triarticulate, basal joint mi-
nute, 2nd rhomboidal, 3rd elongate-ovate, with a vesicle at the
apex (4). ¥
Head obtuse. Eyes small remote, lateral. ‘Thorax quadrate. Scu-
tellum minute. Elytra depressed, oblong, narrow and rounded at the
apex. Wings very ample. Legs short. Thighs incrassated. Tibi
simple, furnished with very minute spurs at the apex Tarsi all
A4-jointed, the 1st joint subquadrate, 4th long subclavate. Claws

~

bent and acute (5).

Crenata Herb., Fab., Oliv., Panz., Payk., Lat.

Rather dull black. Head and thorax covered with shallow punc-
tures; antenne and margin of the clypeus pale castaneous,
Thorax with a slight channel down the centre and a curved line
on each side, forming an elongate oval area on the back, and
nearer each lateral margin is a longitudinal carina. Elytra with
a considerable portion of the base and apex bright ferruginous ;
5 longitudinal carine on each with 2 rows of square punctures
between them, as if stamped.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

LatreEiLLe first termed the group to which Bitoma belongs
Xylophagi, but he has since divided it, and called the portion
that includes our insect Trogossitarii; and Mr. W. S. Mac-
Leay’s family Engidee, as he has sketched it in the Ist part
of the “ Annulosa Javanica,” would comprehend our Corti-
caridee.

Since it requires a correct combination of genera to form
a natural family, a more difficult task cannot fall to the lot of
the entomologist, until the whole group on which he is writing
has been carefully investigated; and for this reason I have
omitted the families in the “Guide to an Arrangement of
British Insects.” In the present instance I have separated
those tetramerous insects which live beneath the bark of trees,
and have characterized them by the term Corticaride; and
this family will comprise the genera between Scydmzenus
(which I believe to be closely allied to this group) and Hypo-
phleeus. .

The pretty insect, which is the type of the genus Bitoma
(called sometimes Ditoma, by mistake I apprehend), has been
frequently described and figured: it had not, it appears, been
detected in England when Mr. Marsham published his ‘ Co-

>

leoptera.” But a few years after, Mr. Haworth captured two
specimens at Little Chelsea, in July. It has subsequently been
found under the bark of trees, in May, June, July, and Au-
gust; and I have twice met with it in considerable abundance
under the bark of beech-trees, in the New Forest.

The plant is Or7ganum vulgare (Wild Marjoram).

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O79.
RHYZOPHAGUS BIPUSTULATUS.
OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cerylonidee Curt.

Type of the Genus, Lyctus ferrugineus Payk.

Ruyzornacus Herb., Gyll., Curt.—Cerylon Lat.—Lyctus Fab..,

Payk., Panz.—Corticaria Mars.—Ips Oliv.

Antenne attached to a little shoulder just before the eyes, scarcely
longer than the head, capitate, pilose, 11-jointed, basal joint
stout, subovate, narrowed at the base, 2nd subovate, 3rd nearly
as long as the 1st but slender, 5 following small, subquadrate,
9th larger, the remainder forming a globose hairy club, the 10th
joint being the largest, the 11th transverse with the centre pro-
duced like a 12th joint (6).

Labrum very short and broad, scarcely projecting beyond the
clypeus, ciliated and bristly, having 2 long parallel ones at the
centre (1).

Mandibles rather elongated, rounded externally, the apex notch-
ed, with a minute tooth beneath terminating a long leathery
margin on the inside, ciliated towards the top (2).

Maville slender, composed of 2 lobes, the internal one broad
rounded and ciliated very densely towards the apex, the external
forming a long slender coriaceous palpiform lobe, apparently
articulated at the apex. Palpi stout and 4-jointed, basal joint
small, 2nd subobtrigonate, 3rd bowl-shaped, 4th the longest,
ovate-conic, the apex fleshy (8).

Mentum rather large, transverse, the anterior angles rounded,
the centre produced and forming a base to the Lip which is
semiovate, the centre with a small notch. Palpi short stout
and composed of 2 joints, the 1st obconic-trigonate, 2nd a little
longer and ovate, the apex fleshy (4).

Head ovate, contracted at the base, the clypeus considerably narrowed
and semiovate: eyes small lateral and distant from the 'Thorax,
whichis generally oblong: scutellum suborbicular. Elytra narrow,
linear, twice as long as the thorax, rounded at the apex, but not co-
vering the abdomen. Wings ample. Legs short, nearly alike in
size: thighs zncrassated : tibie very much dilated at the apex and
compressed, with a short stout spine at the apex : tarsi slender, 5, 5
and 4-jointed, 3 first joints in the anterior short, and clothed with
long hairs beneath, 4th small, 5th long and clavate (5); hinder pair
with the 3 first joints short, the 2nd being very hairy beneath, 3rd
the smallest, 4th long and clavate: claws simple (5+, hind foot).

Brreustutatus Fab.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 250. 4°.

Smooth, shining, piceous; clypeus, antenne and legs ferrugi-
nous; thorax oblong-obovate, truncated before, sparingly but
strongly and regularly covered with oval punctures, rather closer
on the head: elytra with 8 or 9 striz on each, deeply and re-
gularly punctured, shoulders castaneous with a round or lunate
ferruginous spot towards the apex, which is margined with the
same colour, the shoulders more castaneous. Obs. some speci-
mens have the elytra entirely black.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

ALTHOUGH this genus had been placed by Latreille and other
writers with the Tetramera, I always considered that it was
allied to Hypophlzeus (pl. 430.), and it was consequently placed
before that genus in the Guide; it was therefore very satisfac-
tory to find on examination that Rhyzophagus is really an
Heteromerous group, as stated by Gyllenhal. The trophi, as
might be expected from their similar ceconomy, are consider-
ably like those of Hypophleeus, with the exception of the ez-
ternal lobe, which is dissimilar to any I am acquainted with ;
and the antennze resemble some of the Nitidule.

The following species have been found in England; they ge-
nerally live under the bark of dead trees in the winter and spring.
1. ferrugineus Pk. Rufous-ferruginous, thorax subquadrate, deeply punctate,

elytra strongly punctate-striate, antennz with the basal joint fuscous. Gy/l.

14 to 24 lines long.

Under bark of Pines, May and June, Manchester, Mr. Wood:
Stafford and Parley Dorset, Mr. Dale: bark of beech trees,
December, Meldon Park, Mr. Wailes.

1’, depressus Fab. Rufous-ferruginous, subdepressed, beneath rufous-piceous,
thorax subquadrate, neatly punctured, elytra finely punctate-striate. Gyll.
12 line.

Under bark of dead trees, especially Oaks; from Norfolk
as well as R. terebrans.

2. cylindricus Steph. not of Panz. Cylindric, ferruginous, thorax subpunc-
tate, elytra deeply punctate-striate. Steph. 24 lines.

This and No. 5. have been found near London.
2a, terebrans Oliv. v. 2. n. 18. pl. 1. f. 7. Brown-ferruginous, without spots;

elytra with crenated striz. Oliv. 24. lines.

3. rufus Wilk. Narrow, rufous-ferruginous, thorax finely punctate, elytra
faintly punctate-striate. Steph. 14 line.

New Forest, Mr. Dale; North of England, Mr. Davis.

34, cribratus Gyll. 4.637. Narrow, rufous-ferruginous, thorax quadrate, deeply
but sparingly punctured, elytra striate-punctate, punctures remote. Gy/ll.
1z. line.

4. bipunctatus Herb.—dispar Pk.—elongata Oliv. pl. 2. f.15. Rufous-ferrugi-
nous, linear, shining, thorax oblong, finely punctate, narrowed behind, elytra
punctate-striate, with a broad piceous black fascia at the middle. 14 line.

Under bark of Oaks, Swansea, Mr. Dillwyn; Yorkshire,
Mr. Matthews.

42, bipustulatus /ab.—dispar 6 Pk. clavicornis Herb. C. 5. pl. 45. f. 10. K.
—taxicornis Mars.—Curt. B. E. pl. 579.

May and June under bark of Elm and Beech-trees, Ken-
sington Gardens; Norfolk; January, Weston-on-the-Green,
Mr. Matthews; New Forest, Mr. Dale.

5. parvulus Pk. Piceous-black, shining, subdepressed, antennz and legs
ferruginous, thorax subquadrate, finely punctate, elytra lurid-testaceous,
punctate-striate. Gyll. 1 line.

6. obsoletus Spence. Elongate ovate, ochreous, very glossy, deeply but spar-
ingly punctured, thorax large, sides a little convex; elytra ovate and co-
vering the body, with 5 or 6 coarse lines of punctures on each. 4 line.

Mr. Spence first discovered this at Hull, and I have taken
it in Norfolk.
The Plant is Carpinus Betulus (Horn-beam Tree).

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430.
HYPOPHLAUS BICOLOR.

OrpvErR Coleoptera. | Fam. Tenebrionidee.
Type of the Genus, Hypophleus castaneus Fab.

Hyporuizus Fab., Lat., Panz., Gyll., Curt.—Ips Oliv.

Antenne inserted in a cavity before the eyes, shorter than the
thorax, clavate pilose and 11-jointed, basal joint strangulated in
the middle, 2nd minute, 3rd oblong, 4th subglobose, the re-
mainder larger and cup-shaped but compressed, both sides having
a serrated appearance, terminal joint the largest and ovate (6).
Labrum exserted, transverse-oval, the margin ciliated (1).
Mandibles elongate-trigonate, slightly hooked and pointed, one
simple, the other with a partial margin on the outside, a small
tooth beneath the apex and a short membranous and ciliated
margin below it (2).

Mazille short, terminated by a large lobe, pubescent at the apex,
ciliated externally ; internal lobe small and long, dilated and
ciliated at the apex. Palpi short rather stout and 4-jointed,
basal joint small, 2nd and 3rd subovate, 4th the largest, some-
what securiform, but truncated very obliquely (3).

Mentum dilated and rounded before: Palpi arising from the
anterior margin, not very remote, rather short and stout, Elie
articulate, basal joint a little curved, 2nd obovate, truncated
obliquely, 3rd longer, ovate-conic. Lip large and broad, ciliated
with a few bristles (4).

Head rather small: eyes small but prominent and oval. ‘Vhorax ob-
long convex: scutellum minute. Elytra very long convex and ellip-
tical, Wings ample. Legs short: thighs slightly notched beneath
near the apex: tibiee compressed, gradually narrowed to the base,
spurred: tarsi 5-jointed, posterior 4-jointed, all the joints short, ex-
cepting the last which is long and clavate: claws simple and hooked
(5 a fore leg, 5 + hind leg).

Bicotor Oliv. 2. No. 18. pl. 2. f. 14.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 252. 2.
In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Turis little group is allied to Tenebrio (pl. 331.) on the on
hand, and probably to Rhizophagus on the other; but al-
though it has the habit of an Ips, it is certainly in no way re-
lated to that genus.

Like those insects, the Hypophlei live under the bark of
trees where they breed; but in this country they are by no
means common. 1. bicolor was not known to Mr. Marsham

when he published his Coleoptera, although it has since been
occasionally met with in some abundance.
The following are said to be British species of Hypophleeus.

1, H. castaneus Fab.—Panz. 12. 13.—taxicornis Oliv. 2.
No..18. pl. 1. fi 2.

Length 3 lines. Shining castaneous brown, firmly punc-
tured, thorax oblong, elytra very long, punctate-striate, with
a row of punctures between them.

Specimens of this rare insect are preserved in the cabinets
of the British Museum, Mr. Kirby and Mr. Vigors, said to
have been taken under the bark of an Elm-tree near Ply-
mouth by Dr. Leach, and in the New Forest, I believe, by
Mr. Bydder. Gyllenhal says it is found under the bark of dead

trees, especially the Beech.

2. H. bicolor Oliv.—Panz.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 430.

Shining rufous, thickly and minutely punctured ; eyes black;
thorax suborbicular, the posterior angles slightly acuminated;
elytra (excepting the base) and apex of abdomen biack, the
former with the punctures disposed longitudinally, but irre-
gularly.

Lives under the bark of Elms; also of the Oak and Birch.
For specimens of this pretty little insect I was first indebted to
my friend EK. T. Bennett, Esq. who took them in abundance
in a Boletus in Kensington Gardens; it has been taken also
in February, April, and May, at South Creak in Norfolk,
and Sydenham in Kent; and in October I found a specimen
under the bark of an Elm-tree in Camberwell Grove.

3. H. depressus £ab.—Panz. 1. 23.—unicolor Oliv. 2. No. 18.
pl. 2. f: 8.

Length 14 line. Shining ferruginous red, immaculate, de-
pressed, thorax short, subquadrate, elytra punctate-striate.—
Gy/ll.

Lives under the bark of dead trees, especially the Oak, and
is occasionally met with in flowers in Sweden. Specimens are
said to have been taken in June in Copenhagen Fields, and
near an Elm in Gray’s Inn, by Mr. Ingpen; and an insect
detected under the bark of an Oak near Swansea, is supposed
by Mr. Dillwyn to have been this species.

The Plant is Convallaria majalis (‘The Lily of the Valley).

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———.

TENEBRIO OBSCURUS.
The Flour-beetle.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Tenebrionidee Lat.
Type of the Genus, Tenebrio Molitor Linn.

TeneBRIO Linn. &c.

Antenne inserted under the margin of the head, before the eyes,
not longer than the thorax, filiform, naked and 11 -jointed, basal
joint oval, 2nd rather the smallest, 3rd a little the longest, 4th
somewhat longer than the 5th and 6th which are subpyriform
and truncated, the remainder cup-shaped, excepting the terminal
joint which is subglobose (6).

Labrum inserted under the clypeus, transverse semiovate, slightly
emarginate in the centre and thickly ciliated (1).

Mandibles short, subtrigonate, circular outside, acute but emar-
ginate at the apex, with a quadrate notch on the inside and a
subcoriaceous margin (2).

Mazille small, bilobed, internal lobe lanceolate, producing a claw
at the apex, pubescent and ciliated ; external lobe longer, broader
and very pilose. Palpi rather long 4-jointed, basal joint slender
and short, 2nd longer pyriform, 3rd not so long, 4th as long as
the 2nd, slightly hatchet-shaped (3).

Mentum obtrigonate-truncate, anterior angles rounded and ci-
liated, anterior margin subcoriaceous. Labiwm not so broad, sub-
cordate, pilose on the upper side near the fore part. Palpirather
short, attached to 2 small scapes at the base of the lip, triarticu-
late, basal joint the slenderest, 2nd obovate, furnished with strong
bristles, 3rd longer, elongate-ovate, truncate (4).

Head suborbicular. Eyes narrow vertical and emarginate on the inside.
Thorax subquadrate or slightly transverse, somewhat narrowed before,
nearly or quite as broad as the elytra at the base. Scutellum trun-
cated at the apex. Elytra elliptical. Wings ample. Legs rather
strong and short. Thighs ; anterior incrassated. Tibia; anterior
curved, all having very short spurs at the apex. ‘Tarsi short rather
pilose, anterior and middle pair 5-jointed, basal joint short, 3 follow-
ing somewhat cup-shaped, 5th long clavate, notched at the apex to
receive the Claws which are simple, posterior pair (5+) 4-jointed,
basal joint as long as the terminal (5, a fore leg).

Oxsscurus Fab. E. 8. 1. pars 1. p.111.5.—Curtis’s Guide, Gen. 253. 2.
Dull black, minutely and thickly punctured. Antenne and palpi
castaneous, especially the 4 terminal joints of the latter. Thorax
as long as it is broad, convex, ovate-truncate, broadest at the
base, posterior angles slightly acuminated, a transverse channel
at the base, terminated on each side, before the apex, by a
short impressed line. Elytra elliptical, with a faintly punctured
and abbreviated stria next the scutellum, and 8 others con-
tinued to the apex, the interstices with an obscure row of tuber-
cles down the middle of each. Legs and underside subcastaneous,
the tarsi brighter. Larva shining pale brown.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

ke

‘Tue larvee of the Tenebriones, called Meal-worms, are a fa-
vourite food of the Nightingale; they feed upon bran, meal
and flour, amongst which they live and undergo their meta-
morphoses. Sturm has figured the larva and pupa of 7. Mo-
itor ; and Mr. Davis having obligingly supplied me with spe-
cimens, I have the pleasure of adding a figure of that of
T. obscurus to my Illustrations: it is of a much darker colour,
and there are a few bristles on each side the first annulation :
the proleg beneath the tail was very distinct when the larva
was alive. ‘lhe beetles fly in the evening or during the night,
and are found in mills, granaries and bakehouses, and amongst
dirt in houses, concealing themselves in the day.

It is probable that none of the Tenebriones were originally
natives of our island; but as two of them are naturalized,
breeding here, and being found every year in various parts of
the kingdom, they are now included in our Fauna.

1. T. Molitor Linn.—Sturm D. F. pl. 46.—Panz. 43. 12.—
Sam. pl. 4. fe 1.

Shining piceous, minutely and thickly punctured. Antennee,
trophi legs and underside dull castaneous: head rather small;
thorax transverse, cunvex, the sides slightly reflexed, posterior
angles acute; a transverse channel close to the base terminated
on each side by a foveolet. Elytra broader, with an abbreviated
punctured stria next the scutellum, and eight others reaching
nearly to the apex. Larva pale cream colour.

This is the common species, and is found all over the
country, generally in April, May and June.

2. T. obscurus Fab.— Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 331.—Morio Herb.

Mr. Davis has reared this insect, which probably does more
mischief than the common one; for 7. Molitor prefers damp
and damaged flour, it is said, whilst the larvae of 7). obscurus
prefer that which is dry and sound. The beetle appears early
im April, and in May Mr. Davis found the larvae, pupze and
imago, all alive together. Professor Lindley found this insect
in vast abundance at Stilton; and it has been discovered in
American flour, with which it may have been imported. In
Sweden it is rare, and from an observation of Gyllenhal’s it
has probably been introduced there by commerce.

3. T. ferruginea Sturm D. F. pl. 47 D.

I do not subjoin any of the synonyms, because I think there
is some doubt concerning them; at least neither Sturm’s figure
nor my specimen have an abrupt clava to the antennz, as de-
scribed by Fabricius in his account of Trogoszta ferruginea,
which is the same as Colydium castaneum Herbst, and possibly
the Tenebrio fuscus Oliv.; but his 7. ferrugineus referred to
by Gyllenhal I am inclined to think belongs to the Corticaridz.

It has been found in old bran in bakehouses, but I have
reason to believe it only appears casually.

The plant is Lithospermum arvense (Bastard Alkanet, or
Corn Gromwell).

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- 363.
ULOMA FAGL.

OrbeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Tenebrionide.

Type of the Genus, Tenebrio Mauritanicus Fab.

Utoma Dej., Sturm.—Usoma Meg.?—Phaleria Lat.—Tenebrio Fab.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, under the margin of the head,
scarcely so long as the thorax, robust, straight and slightly cla-
vate, pubescent, 11-jointed, basal joint curved, narrowed at the
base, 2nd the smallest, 3rd longer than the following, 4th Sth
and 6th subquadrate, the 4 following cup-shaped, most produced
on the inside, 11th orbicular (6).

Labrum transverse-oval, the base straight, anterior margin pilose
and slightly emarginate (1).

Mandibles bent, margined and pilose externally, bifid at the
apex, internal margin fleshy and pubescent at the centre (2).
Mazillg short, terminated by an elongated lobe rounded and
pubescent at the apex, producing a shorter lobe on the inside,
furnished with a strong tooth at the apex and ciliated with bristles
beneath. Palpi robust, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd elongate
obtrigonate, longer than the 3rd which is trapezate, 4th the
largest, oval and truncated obliquely (3).

Mentum subquadrate, the sides produced and rounded anteriorly,
posterior margin concave. Lip transverse, narrowed at the base,
angles rounded, anterior margin pilose. Palpi short and robust,
triarticulate, lst and 2nd joints small, the latter cup-shaped,
3rd large subovate, bent at the base (4).

Head semiorbicular, margin of the clypeus sometimes dilated, projecting
in a lobe over the Eyes, which are rather small and lateral.
Thorax transverse or quadrate, the base undulated. Scutellum
subtrigonate. Elytra elongate-oval. Wings ample. Thighs ro-
bust. Tibie spurred at the apex, anterior slightly dilated and
serrated externally (5). Tarsi, anterior and intermediate 5-jointed,
the 4 basal joints very short (5); posterior 4-jointed, basal joint
nearly as long as the terminal (5+). Claws simple.

Obs. The dissections are taken from the species figured.

Faci Panz. 61. 3.—Curtis’s Guide, Gen. 254. 3.
Shining piceous, more or less castaneous, thickly and firmly
punctured all over: Mouth, antenne, legs, underside and some-
times the margins of the thorax castaneous: Head with a trans-
verse impression at the base of the clypeus: Thorax as broad,
sometimes broader at the middle than the Elytra, on which there
are 9 punctured strie; the sutural one being very short.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tuts group is so similar in economy and structure to the
Tenebriones (at least the British ones), that I think they might
be included in one Genus: they are both characterized by

having the margin of the clypeus produced in a lobe back-
ward over the eyes, so as to divide a portion of them.

It is very probable that all the following species have been
introduced into England with corn and flour from foreign
countries; the two first, however, appear to be naturalized,
and the others are occasionally found alive in bake-offices.

1. U. Mauritanica Fab. Ent. Syst. 1.113. 15.

Length 3 lines. Shining piceous, minutely punctured all
over: mouth, antennze, legs, underside, margin of clypeus,
anterior angles of thorax and apex of elytra castaneous : head
with a transverse impression at the base of the clypeus: thorax
scarcely so broad as the elytra and narrowed anteriorly: elytra
with 9 punctured strize on each, the sutural one abbreviated.

This insect is larger than the next, and not so thickly punc-
tured; the striz are deeper, the thorax is gradually nar-
rowed before, and the anterior angles are castaneous. It is a
native of the Caribbee Islands, and I have received several
from Senegal. Dr. Stephenson used to find it abundantly in
October amongst ashes in London, and one was taken out of
a dead cricket; and I have a specimen found in Copenhagen-
fields, where this or the next species is not uncommonly taken
under the turf.

2. U. Fagi Panz.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 363.

For living specimens of this insect, as well as the larve,
which resemble those of Tenebrio (pl. 331), I am indebted to
William Longman, Esq., who took them in great plenty in
the month of May, at the back of a baker’s shop in Pater-
noster Row, where the pavement had been taken up.

3. U. cornuta Fab. Ent. Syst. 1. 112. 13.—Lat. Gen. Crus.
pl.10. fi 4 & 5.

Length 2 lines. Linear ferruginous, minutely punctured :
eyes black. Male with the mandibles forming two porrected
horns in front of the head, recurved and acute; two teeth on
the crown of the head near the base; margin of the clypeus
dilated: thorax somewhat lunulate-quadrate: elytra with 10
punctured strize on each, the Ist abbreviated.

A native of Portugal. Living specimens have been found
by Mr. Sparshall in some ears of the Maize, that was grown
I believe near Norwich; and Mr. Cooper has frequently de-
tected it in his bread in London.

4, U. leviuscula Wilk. Mss.—Curt. Guide 254. 2.

Length 14 line. Ferruginous ochre, shining, minutely
punctured: eyes black: mandibles forming 2 porrected and
incurved horns, with 2 tubercles at the base of the head and
a deep channel across the crown: thorax subquadrate: elytra
with 10 punctured strize on each, the 1st abbreviated.

From the Cabinet of the late Mr. Honey: the specimens
were taken in London.

The plant is Helleborus fectidus ( Bear’s-foot). Communicated
by the Rev. Professor Henslow.

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OPATRUM TIBIALE.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Tenebrionidz Lat.
Type of the Genus, Silpha sabulosa Linn.

Opatrum Fab., Lat., Sam.—Tenebrio Geof., Mars.—Silpha Linn.
Antenne inserted under the clypeus, as long as the head, cla-
vate, producing short spiny bristles, 11-jointed, basal joint the
longest, curved, 2nd cupshaped, 3rd nearly as long as the Ist,
three following subglobose, the remainder cupshaped, increasing
in size, the 9th 10th and 11th forming the club, terminal joint
suborbicular and pubescent (6). |
Labrum suborbicular, emarginate before, sides ciliated (1).
Mandibles thick, trigonate, excavated on the inside and pro-
ducing a leathery lobe (2).

Mazille small, dilated at the base, terminated by 2 narrow pilose
lobes, the internal one horny and bifid at the apex (c) ; external
one the largest and articulated. Palpi not long but stout,
hatchet-shaped and 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd large elon-
gate-ovate, 3rd much shorter, 4th trigonate (3).

Mentum pyriform, truncated at the base. Palpi short, arising
from behind the mentum, apparently biarticulate, basal joint
subtrigonate, 2nd twice as large, somewhat elongate-conic, thin
at the apex. Labium concealed but ciliated (4).

Head transverse ovate, the sides angulated; clypeus semicircular,
emarginate in front. Eyes small, placed behind the angles of the
head. Thorax transverse, semiorbicular, deeply concave before and
sinuated behind, where the angles are acute. Scutellum minute.
Elytra oval, the sides inflected. Wings not longer than the body,
unfit for flight. Legs neither long nor robust. Tibie compressed
and dilated at the apex, especially the anterior pair which are slightly
serrated externally, and producing small spurs. Tarsi; 4 anterior
5-jointed, moniliform, excepting the last joint which is long and in-
crassated at the apex (5); posterior pair 4-jointed, basal joint
longer than the 2nd and 3rd, which are moniliform, 4th long.
Claws bent and acute (5+ a portion of hinder tibia and tarsus).

TipraLe Fab, Ent. Syst.—Curtis’s Guide, Genus 256. 2.
Black, shining, thickly and strongly punctured. Thorax with
5 shining spots, 2 of them lunulate on the disc, 2 minute ones
behind and an ovate one above the scutellum. Elytra with the
surface uneven, and 2 or 3 irregular and slightly elevated lines
oneach. Legs slightly castaneous.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Tue internal lobe of the maxillze assumes a more perfect. cha-
racter than usual in Opatrum, being horny and bifid at the
apex like that of Blaps, which genus it slightly resembles in
other respects.

There are only two species of the true Opatrum inhabiting
Britain, both of which live in sandy situations.

1. O. sabulosum Linn. Faun. Suec. 150. 456.—Panz. 3..2.—
Sam. pl. 2. f: 8.—rugosus DeG.

Dull black, very thickly and minutely punctured. ‘Thorax
broadest at the base. Elytra covered with minute warts, 3
waved elevated lines on each, with a few shining spots down
each side, and a row next the suture.

Taken the end of April and May at Coomb-wood, Bungay
in Suffolk, in a gravel-pit at Lakenham near Norwich, and
the middle of July and in September at Dover.

2. O. tibiale ab.—Curt. B. E. pl. 319.—Panz. 43. 10.

Found as early as March in Hants; the end of April in
gravel-pits and rabbit-warrens at Great Witchingham, Nor-
folk, where the plant* represented in the plate was growing,
also the middle of May on the sandy cliff at Southwold, Suf-
folk, in abundance; and on the sand-hills near Swansea.

There are two other insects which may be here recorded,
one named
3. O.? Marshami Steph. ;—the other
4, Q.? obsoletus (Tenebrio) Marsh. p. 475. 2.

«‘ Black, thorax excavated before, truncated behind, elytra
striated, obscurely rugose. Length 5 lines.

‘Description. Antenne filiform, 11-jointed. Thorax slightly
convex, roughly punctulate, excavated before in the form of
a lunule, truncated behind. Elytra obscurely striated and
rugose. Body beneath deep black, and rather shining.”

The plant is Peltidea canina (Ash-coloured ground Liver-
wort).

* In the Entomological Transactions, the late Rev. J. Burrel stated, that he
found 0. tibialeinabundance on the Lichen rangiferinus :—not understanding crypto-
gamous plants, I might have misnamed the Lichen I found at Great Witching-
ham, for I now feel convinced that it was the Peltidea canina.

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SARROTRIUM MUTICUM.

OrvER Coleoptera. Fam. Tenebrionidee Lat.
Type of the Genus, Hispa mutica Linn.

Sarrorrium Ill., Fab., Lat.—Orthocerus Lat.—Hispa Linn., Panz.,
Mars.—Dermestes Linn.—Ptilinus Fab.—Tenebrio DeG.
Antenne inserted before the eyes on each side the clypeus, rather
longer than the head, perfoliate, robust, clothed with scaly hairs
and very pilose, excepting the 2 basal joints ; 10-jointed, Ist
and 2nd joints subovate, the remainder cupshaped, increasing
in diameter to the last, which is not so broad, and less pilose
and ovate (6).

Labrum horny, semicircular and ciliated (1).

Mandibles small, bent, somewhat acute, external and internal
margins sinuated, the latter produced and forming a submem-
branous pubescent lobe (2).

Maxillé small, with 2 lobes, long linear and pilose, especially
at the apex, the external one the broadest. Palpi not long but
rather stout and slightly pilose, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd
and 3rd somewhat cupshaped, 4th subovate-truncate (3).
Mentum very rigid, sparingly pilose, subsemicircular, emargi-
nated before. Labium narrower, horny and naked, subquadrate,
slightly concave before. Palpi inserted in cavities on each
side, short and triarticulate, basal joint very minute, 2nd subglo-
bose, 3rd subconic, with a vesicle at the top and producing a
few bristles (4).

Head flat subquadrate. Eyes small lateral. Thorax rather broader
and convex, subquadrate, but rounded a little behind. Scutellum
minute. Elytra convex, elliptical. Wings ample with a yellow spot
on the inferior margin. Legs rather short. Thighs not very robust.
Tibize stout and simple, not spurred. ‘Tarsi nearly as long as the
tibia, all 4-jointed, basal joint a little larger than the 2nd and 3rd,
which are subglobose and depressed, 4th as long as the others united,
subclavate. Claws short, strong and simple (5, a fore leg ; 5} por-
tion of hind leg).

Moricum Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 604. n. 4.—Curtis’s Guide, Gen, 257.—
clavicornis Linn. F. S.—hirticornis Lat.
Dull black, rugose, covered with very short depressed rigid and
somewhat hoary bristles. Antenne with the two basal joints
gray. Head and thorax rugose with punctures, the former
sloped off a little in front, and the sides elevated towards the
front, where the antenne are inserted; the thorax has a very
large channel down the middle, sometimes interrupted and form-
ing a fovea at the base. Elytra with 3 elevated lines on each,
and 2 rows of large punctures between each of the ridges.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

‘THE remarkable antenne of this insect, which are alike in both
sexes, will distinguish it from all others that are related to it;
and the idea that was once entertained of its affinity to Hispa,
was a very mistaken notion, which could only have had its
origin for want of knowledge of their structure; for although
Sarrotrium is tetramerous, the penultimate joints are not bi-~
lobed; the antennee are remote and only ten-jointed, and the
trophi are evidently those of Latreille’s Heteromera, and in
the mandibles we recognise an important character which be-
longs to that tribe, aninner margin notched and producing
a fleshy lobe.

The labrum in the specimen dissected is not symmetrical,
probably from its having been injured when the insect was
first excluded; but as I had not another that could be spared
for the purpose, I was obliged to make use of it.

Mons. Latreille having adopted Illiger’s generic name in
his ‘* Familles Naturelles,” I have only followed him in giving
the preference to it, although there is no doubt that Ortho-
cerus has the right of priority.

Sarrotrium muticum is by no means a common insect in this
country, although it has been taken in various parts of the
kingdom, always in gravel-pits or on sand-hills, generally on
the coast; and it is said to be found at the roots of Peltidea
canina (Plate 319). In Norfolk it has been captured by the
Rev. T. Skrimshire, near Burnham; and the late Mr. Joseph
Hooker met with it in January, on Mousehold heath near
Norwich. Mr. Millard discovered it near Swansea, where
Mr. Jeffreys has since taken it very plentifully in summer,
and Mr. Davis the middle of last April on Crwmlyn Burrows.
Mr. Samouelle states that it has been found near Hampstead
in June and July; and in the former month Mr. R. Wood of
Manchester has met with it at Crosby or Formby near Liver-
pool. Mr. Newman also captured 3 or 4 on Blackheath the
beginning of last May.

The plant is Picris (Helminthia Juss.) echioides (Bristly
Ox-tongue).

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586.
BOLITOPHAGUS AGRICOLA.

OrbeErR Coleoptera. Fam. Diaperide.

Type of the Genus, Bolitophagus Agricola Fab.

Bourtoruaeus J//., Fab., Gyll., Curt —Eledona Lat.—Opatrum Oliv.,

Fab., Mars.—Diaperis Oliv.

Antenne inserted before the eyes, under the margin of the cly-
peus, curved, clavate, pubescent, and 11-jointed, basal joint
stout, curved, and semilunate, 2nd ovate-truncate, 3rd pear-
shaped, 4th the smallest, the remainder remotely articulated,
produced a little on the inside appearing slightly serrated, and
gradually increasing in size, 5th and 6th broadest at the base,
4 following cup-shaped, 10th considerably the largest, 11th
suborbicular (6).

Labrum not symmetrical, transverse, semiovate and hairy (1).
Mandibles strong and trigonate, curved and bifid at the apex,
the internal margin notched and covered by alarge transparent
lobe (2).

Mazille terminating in a large suborbicular lobe, very hairy at
the apex, with a small one on the inside. Palpi rather short,
slightly pubescent and 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd elon-
gate obtrigonate, 3rd shorter, slightly chalice-shaped, 4th the
longest, elliptical, ovate at the apex (38).

Mentum oblong, truncated at the base, dilated, ovate anda little
eoncave before. Labium rather broad, horny in the middle,
with a transparent lobe on each side, ciliated in the middle.
Palpi short, remote, attached to the sides of the horny centre ;
triarticulate, basal joint minute, 2nd subglobose, 3rd the longest
subovate, elongated and glandular at the apex (4).

Head exserted, transverse, anterior margin forming a sharp ledge and
projecting in a lobe over the Kyes which are small lateral and glo-
bose. Thorax twice as broad as the head, transverse-ovate, the sides
margined and slightly denticulated, anterior angles produced: scu-
tellum small and trigonate. Elytra broader than the thoraz, cylin-
dric and rounded at the apex. Wings very ample. Legs moderate -
tibize broad, short and compressed : tarsi inserted in a groove near
the inner angle, short, 5-jointed, (5, a fore leg) ; posterior 4-jointed
(1), with the basal joint nodose at its insertion and resembling a joint,
2 following cup-shaped, terminal joint elongated, stout and subclavate :
claws strong and curved.

Acricota Fab.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 258. 1.—suleatus Thund.—
agaricicola Lat.
Dark chocolate colour; head variolated, thorax rugose with
large punctures and minute tubercles, lateral margins narrow,
ferruginous and denticulated ; elytra with 9 sharp elevated strize
on each, with lines of large deep punctures between them ;
mouth antenne and legs ferruginous.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Tue genus Bolitophagus was established by Illiger, and being
adopted by Fabricius and other writers to the present time, I
have employed it, although I doubt whether Latreille’s name
Eledona has not the right of priority. Illiger’s is evidently not
correctly written, since it was intended to imply that these in-
sects feed on Boletz, and it must be admitted that the specific
name Agaricola is much more apposite than the Fabrician
one; no unnecessary innovations, however, must be allowed, I
have therefore copied the names literally, although they were
corrected in the Guide.

Bolitophagus seems to be related to Sarrotrium (fol. 314.),
thereby forming a connexion with the ‘Tenebrionidze, and it is
undoubtedly allied to Diaperis (fol. 358.); Latreille places it
between that genus and Tetratoma (fol. 123.) in his ** Genera
Crustaceorum,” &c., but it follows Hypophleeus (fol. 430.) in
his “ Familles Naturelles.”

Mr. Wilkin had an idea that he had discovered a new spe-
cies of Bolitophagus, and the mistake arose from very few spe-
cimens being known at that time, and it was a pale-coloured
individual, with the surface appearing more perfect than usual,
from the sculpture being free from the particles of the Boleti
that they live upon, which often fill and obliterate the punc-
tures and other indentations. The only species therefore
known to inhabit this country is the

B. Agricola Kab.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 586.

This insect inhabits Boleti, especially amongst oaks, and is
sometimes found in abundance in May and June. Mr. Kirby
has taken it in Suffolk in the Agaric of the Willow; I once
took 2 or 3 out of a Boletus on a Pollard Elm in Norfolk.
Mr. Ingpen has met with it in Kensington Gardens, and Mr.
Hope at Netley in Shropshire.

For specimens of the pretty Autumnal Squill (Scz/la autum-
nalis) | am indebted to Mr. C. Fox, who gathered them on
Blackheath.

af INA

6 eh oes
298.

HELOPS PALLIDUS.

OrveER Coleoptera. Fam. Tenebrionide.

Type of the Genus, Helops caraboides Panz.

He tops Fab., Ol., Lat., Leach, Sam., Panz., Sturm.—Tenebrio Linn.
—Blaps Marsh.
Antenne inserted close to the eyes at the base of the mandibles,
as long as the head and thorax, slightly thickened and com-
pressed towards the extremity, pubescent ; 11-jointed, basal
joint rather robust, 2nd the smallest, 3rd the longest, the re-
mainder not longer than the Ist obovate, terminal joint oval (6).
Laorum exserted, transverse-oval, ciliated, furnished beneath
with a coriaceous membrane projecting beyond the anterior mar-
gin (1).
Mandibles rounded externally, bent acute and slightly bifid,
emarginate on the inside and producing a coriaceous lobe (2).
Maxille small, terminated by an articulated lobe, spongy and
pubescent at the apex, with a small one on the inside ciliated.
Palpi 4-jointed, basal joint small and bent, 2nd long robust and
pilose, 3rd short semilunulate, 4th large securiform (3).
Mentum small, obtrigonate, truncate. Lip thin horny subcor-
date and ciliated. Palpi short attached to indistinct scapes near
the centre of the lip, triarticulate, Ist and 2nd joints minute, the
former curved, the latter subtrigonate, 3rd joint large, subcornu-
form, curved, the apex being whitish globose and spongy (4).
Head suborbicular. Eyes small lateral. Thorax convex cordate-trun-
cate or subquadrate. Scutellum small and triangular. Elytra con-
vex oval. Wings shorter and narrower than the elytra and trun-
cated at the apex. Thighs robust. Tibiz dilated towards the apex,
spurs very small. 'Tarsi entire, 5-jointed, anterior pair dilated in
the males, especially the 2nd and 3rd joints (5), posterior pair 4-
jointed (5+). Claws simple and hooked.

Patuipus Nob.

Pale ochraceous, shining, thickly and minutely punctured. An-
tenne darkest at the apex. Eyes black. Thorax transverse
rather narrowed behind, the basal margin ferruginous, and the
angles rectangular. Suture ferruginous. Elytra with 8 rather
irregularly punctured strie on each. Tips of the thighs and
claws ferruginous.

Obs. In some specimens the punctures on the elytra are scarcely
visible, and the striz are much fainter.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Walker and the Author.

Tus genus is distinguished from Blaps not only by differ-
ences in the trophi, but the elytra are separated, having short
wings or rudiments beneath them, and the anterior tarsi are
dilated in the males, as in the Carabidze. Latreille observes
that the larvee are similar to those of ‘Tenebrio.

The following are British species of the genus Helops.

1. H. caraboides Panz. 24. 3.—Sturm’s Deut. Faun. 2. pl. 50.
—dermestoides //.—striatus Oliv. ?—Spartii Marsh.
p. 481.

Rather larger than No. 2; elongate-ovate, piceous bronzed,
thickly punctured. ‘Thorax broadest at the base. Elytra
with 8 punctured striz on each. Antenne and tarsi subfer-
ruginous.

This insect may be found, I believe, during the whole year
in most parts of England, at the roots of trees, under grass,
and upon the broom.

2. H. pallidus Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 298. mas.

At first sight this insect looks like an immature specimen
of H. caraboides ; but independent of the colour, the thorax is
differently formed. This fine species, which is new to Britain
and appears to be undescribed, was discovered the end of last
September by Mr. H. Walker and his brother at Barmouth,
North Wales. Several specimens were found at the roots of
erass close to the sea.

3. H. lanipes Lenn. Mant. 1. 533.—Fab.—Panz. 50. 2.
Twice as large as No. 1; elongated, very glossy, brown
with a brassy tinge. Head and thorax thickly punctured.
Elytra with 8 deeply punctured strize on each, the interstices
slightly punctured.
Supposed to have been taken under the bark of trees in
Devon by the late Mr. Cranch, in June.

4. H. ceruleus Fab.—chalybeus Rossz, Oliv. — violaceus
Marsh. p. 480.—Sam. pl. 4. fi 4.

As large or larger than the last, and similar in form, but
generally more robust. Deep blue with a violet tinge. Head
and thorax thickly and strongly punctured. Elytra punc-
tured, with 8 strongly punctured strize and an abbreviated one
next the scutellum on each. Antennee and legs blackish ;
tarsi brown, fulvous beneath.

Found in decayed trees, and under bark; also in houses
and sandy situations at Norwich and other places, in April,
May, June and July.

The plant is Statice Armeria (Common Thrift).

g

ha )3 Af
148.

BLAPS OBTUSA.

Orpver Coleoptera. Fam. Blapsidee Zat., Leach.
Type of the Genus Tenebrio mortisagus Linn.

Buaps Fab., Lat., Oliv., Leach. Tenebrio Linn., Geoff., DeGeer.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, subfiliform, 1i-jointed, basal
joint pear-shaped, 2nd minute, 3rd long, 4 following of equal
length, the 7th being the largest, the remainder moniliform, the
last subconic (fig. 6).

Labrum exserted, transverse-ovate, slightly emarginate, pilose,
with a thick brush of hair on each side near the centre of the
anterior margin (1).

Mandibles large, bent, bread and bifid at their apex, fleshy on
the internal side (2).

Mazxille bilobed, internal lobe slender, bent, horny and bidentate
at the apex, ciliated internally, outer lobe thick ovate, hairy at
the apex. Palpi rather long, 3-jointed, basal joint long clavate,
2nd shorter clavate, 3rd large obtrigonate (3).

Mentum small, not covering the base of the maxille, transverse-
ovate. Lip large subcordiform, ciliated with strong hairs, Palpi
inserted on each side the lip, 3-jointed, basal joint short, 2nd
robust trigonate, 3rd large securiform (4).

Head rounded, rather small. Eyes small, lateral, lunular. Thorax
sub-quadrate. Scutellum very small or wanting. Elytra connate,
sides inflexed, apex mucronate especially in the males, in which sex
there is a fascicle of hair at the base of the 2nd abdominal joint be-

neath (10a). Wings none. Legs long, robust. Tibi simple,
spurred, ‘Tarsi alike in both sexes, 4 anterior 5-jointed, posterior
pair 4-jointed. Claws long, Pulvilli none (5, a fore leg).

Ostusa Fab. Ent. Syst. Supp. p. 46.—similis Lat. Hist. Nat. t. 10.
p. 279.—lethifera Marsh. p. 479. n. 2.
Male black, naked. Head thickly and minutely punctured. An-
tenne shorter than the thorax, all the joints excepting the 3rd
being moniliform. Thorax transverse, anterior angles very much
rounded, finely and thickly punctured. Elytra very broad, con-
vex, acuminated at the apex, coarsely and thickly punctured.
Process between the posterior coxe narrower than in B. morti-
saga, a tuft of yellowish hair arising in the middle, at the base
of the 2nd abdominal segment (f. 10, underside of abdomen).
Female broader, less shining, scutellum none ; elytra more ob-
tuse and less acuminate.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Ir it were not well known that the larvae of the Heteromera
are exceedingly different from those of the predaceous Penta-
mera, it might be difficult to ascertain whether their relation-
ship had not a greater claim than that of analogy; and more
satisfactory examples to confirm our opinion cannot perhaps
be adduced than the genus before us and Cychrus :—their an-
tennee are not very dissimilar, they are destitute of wings, and
the elytra are united, the palpi are hatchet-shaped, and in the
maxillee the resemblance is still maintained in the internal lobe
which is bent and acute, and the external one which assumes
the same dilated form. Blaps is, however, less perfect in
structure, having fewer joints in the palpi and posterior tarsi ;
the mandibles, mentum and lip, are very different, &c.
There are 3 British species: viz.

1. B. gigas Linn.—gages Fab., Panz. fasc. 96. n. 1.

a. mortisaga Linn., Panz. fasc. 3. n. 3.

8. obtusa Fab.

A single specimen of the magnificent B. g7gas was found in
the stump of a felled tree in 1824 on Portsea Common, and is
now in the cabinet of J. H. Griesbach, Esq.

B. mortisaga, which is supposed to be the Blatta of Pliny,
is found as early as April in dark and damp places, in churches,
cellars, kitchens, &c. It has a very fetid scent, and, like Ache-
rontia Atropos, has been regarded by the superstitious as an
omen of misfortune. It is most tenacious of life, one having
lived upwards of 3 years with Mr. H. Baker without food,
and revived after having been kept in spirits of wie a whole
night: this I have observed myself in Coccinella, two of which
re-animated after being 24 hours in the same spirit.

No figure of B. obtusa having come to our knowledge, ex-
cept indeed one of Scheeffer’s, it cannot be otherwise than
useful, especially as it is often confounded with B. mortisaga.
It is very much broader than that species, more convex, less
shining, more coarsely and thickly punctured ;* the antennz
are much shorter, the female has no scutellum, and that of the -
male is nearly obsolete. It is not common, but has been
abundant in stables at Norwich and cellars at Hertford in
June.

Blaps sulcata, an Egyptian species (Latreille informs us), is
employed by the Turks to alleviate pain of the ear, and to
cure'the sting of the scorpion. ‘The women of Turkey also
cook this insect in butter to fatten themselves.

The plant is Helleborus viridis (Green Hellebore), commu-
nicated by Professor Henslow.

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155.
MELANDRYA CANALICULATA.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Melandryadee Leach. Helopii Lat.
Type of the genus Chrysomela Caraboides Linn.

Mexanprya Fab., Lat., Gyll—Helops Fab.—Serropalpus Ill.—
Chrysomela Linn.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, rather short, filiform, 11-joint-
ed, pubescent, basal joint somewhat larger than the 3rd, 2nd the
smallest, the remainder gradually decreasing in length to the
end, terminal joint subovate (fig. 6).
Labrum rather large, transverse-ovate, hairy (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, very broad at their base, acute at the
apex, having a square notch on the internal margin, covered by
a membranous lobe; external surface hairy (2).
Maxille very small, bilobed, external lobe ovate ciliated, jointed
near the base, internal smaller linear hairy. Pa/lpi porrected,
very long and large, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd lone, cla-
vate truncate, 3rd subturbinate, 4th large ovate, truncated ob-
liquely and fleshy on the internal side (3).
Mentum very small, coriaceous, quadrate, dilated at the base.
Lip nearly as large as the mentum, cleft in the centre and thickly
ciliated. Palpi attached to the lip, short, robust, 3-jointed, ter-
minal joint the largest, compressed, dilated at the apex (4).
Head nutant. Eyes ovate lateral. Thorax flat, subtrapezoid, broadest
at the base, posterior margin sinwated. Scutellum triangular. Co-
leoptra subelliptic. Wings broad, scarcely longer than the body.
Legs robust. Tibize simple spurred at their apex, those of the ante-
rior pair being the smallest. ‘Tarsi with the penultimate joints bi-
lobed ; 4 anterior 5-jointed (5); posterior pair 4-jointed, basal joint

« long (5 T).

Cananicutata Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 1. p. 119. n. 10.—Gyll. Ins.
Suec. t. 1. pars 1. p. 535.
Black with a bluish tinge, minutely punctured, covered with
short black pubescence. Thorax subtrigonate, truncate, poste-
rior margin sinuated, angles acute, an obscure channel down the
centre and a fovea on each side at the base. Elytra with 4 lon-
gitudinal furrows, obliterated at the base, forming 5 elevated
convex lines. Trophi ferruginous. Antenne and legs piceous
inclining to castaneous, the former lightest towards the extre-
mity: the tarsi with the terminal joint ferruginous.

In the Cabinet of Mr. Bentley.

/y-

Tue genus Melandrya was first established by Fabricius, who
had before united it with Helops. Liatreille in his early works
formed a family of the Helopiz, including Helops, Melandrya,
Serropalpus, Hallomenus, Orchesia, Pytho, Lagria, and Nilio.
In his ** Considérations Générales” he has extended his family by
uniting the Tenebrionites, Diaperiales, and Helopii, designating
them by the former appellation; and in his “* Familles Natu-
relles,” Melandrya, Conopalpus, Dyrcea, Hypulus, Serropalpus,
and Nothus, constitute the tribe Securipalp7, uniting the Helo-
pti by the Cistelides, which appears to be natural, and is simi-
lar to the arrangement proposed by Dr. Leach. Melandrya
is considerably allied to Mycetocharus Lat. in habit, and to
Serropalpus &c.in ceconomy. ‘The mandibles present a cha-
racter which we noticed in Byrrhus, and which obtains also in
Cantharis—a notch on the internal side covered with mem-
brane.

There are but 3 species of our genus recorded, 2 of which
are British.

1. M. Caraboides Zinn.—serrata Fab., Panz. 9. 3.

This is by no means an uncommon insect during the months
of March, April, May, and June, under the bark of decaying
trees, upon which probably the larve feed. I have found
specimens also running upon the pollard willows in Battersea
fields, and took one on the wing in Coombe Wood.

2. M. canaliculata Fab., Gy/ll.

The only British specimen at present known is the one
figured, which was met with flying near Brockenhurst in the
New Forest the middle of June 1823, by Mr. Bentley. ‘The
specimen agrees very well with Fabricius’s description, except
that the legs and antenne are entirely piceous. Panzer’s
figure of it is by no means so good as his usually are; and
the striz converge to the suture, which if correct would sepa-
rate ours frem it: the same error, however, occurs in his figure
of the other species in our copy of his Faunce Insectorum Ger-
manice.

The beautiful variety of Symphytum officinale (Common
Comfrey) I gathered the middle of last September upon San-
down Marshes in the Isle of Wight; and at the same time I
found several specimens with flowers of the richest purple,
and others entirely green.

V3- 148086
622

ad snl

OMOPHLUS ARMERI.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cistelida.

Type of the Genus Cistela picipes Fab.

Omorutus Meg., Dej., Sol.—Cistela Fab.
Antenne inserted close before the eyes, half the length of the
insect, slightly pubescent, 11-jointed, basal joint ovate, 2nd
the smallest, somewhat cup-shaped, 3rd long, clavate, the
following shorter, slightly increasing in breadth from being com-
pressed, terminal joint as long as the third, subulate at the
apex (6 portions of the base and apex).
Labrum pocket-shaped, ciliated, emarginate in front (1).
Mandibles rather slender, curved, acute, with an obtuse tooth
on the inside at the middle, and amembranous margin ciliated
above (2).
Mazille small, terminated by 2 elongated lobes, the internal
one linear, a little curved, dilated at the back near the apex and
ciliated, the outer one much larger, dilated towards the apex and
clothed with hairs. Palpi much longer than the labial, clavate
and 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd and 3rd long, narrowed
at the base, 4th a little longer, broader, and somewhat hatchet-
shaped (8).
Mentum transverse-ovate, Labium forming 2 large divaricating
ciliated lobes. Palpi remote, arising from scapes at the anterior
angles of the mentum, triarticulate, basal joint the slenderest,
2nd obtrigonate, 3rd large and somewhat hatchet-shaped (4).
Slightly depressed. Head subovate, being narrowed and elongated
anteriorly : eyes small, lateral, remote. Thorax transverse, sides
a little convex, the angles rounded : scutel small, semiovate. Elytra
long, elliptical, rounded at the apex: wings ample. Legs of equal
length: tibiee compressed, narrowed at the base, spiny outside,
spurred at the apex: tarsi 5, 5- and 4-jointed, basal joint a litile
elongated in the anterior, 3 following turbinate; basal joint the
longest in the hinder pair: claws rather long and pectinated beneath
(5 a fore, + a hind tarsus).

ArmeEri& Curt.—Guide, Gen. 263°". 1.

Black, shining, thickly and minutely punctured, clothed with
short erect hairs; trophi dull ferruginous; antennz brown, the
apex black; head and thorax with hoary hairs, the surface un-
even, the former with a small fovea on the crown, the latter
with a shallow channel down the centre, vanishing before, and
terminating in a fovea behind ; elytra testaceous, clothed with
very short pubescence, with 8 or 9 shallow lines formed of
punctures; tibiz more or less castaneous at the apex; tarsi
pale chestnut.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Dale and the Author.

LS”

OmopHuUus is very different in habit to Cistela, from which it
has been removed by Megerle, and the variations in the trophi,
the shorter antennez, remote and small eyes and transverse
thorax, render their separation necessary. This genus com-
prises a considerable number of species, principally inhabiting
the South of Europe, and I know of none found so far to the
North as that before us, unless it be one from Siberia, named
by Gebler.

O. Armerie seems to be nearly allied to Cistela picipes of
Fabricius, in which the base of the antennz and the tibiz
alone are piceous, the elytra being testaceous; or it may be
synonymous with Megerle’s Pznicola or his pallidipennis, but
not having access to his works I am unable to decide at pre-
sent.

For specimens of this rare and interesting insect, which I
have named from the plant to which it seems to be attached,
I am indebted to my excellent friend Mr. Dale, who took
them the 20th of last June on the flowers of the Thrift, at the
Chesil Bank in the Isle of Portland. Mr. W. W. Saunders
showed me a specimen of Omophlus taken in August, 1833, at
Wyke near Weymouth, which I supposed at the time to be
curvipes, but I have now no doubt that it was our new species.

The Thrift having been already published in pl. 298, the

Plant now represented is Polygonum Bistorta, the Great Bis-
tort.

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594.
CISTELA CERAMBOIDES.

Orver Coleoptera. Iam. Cistelidee.
Type of the Genus, Chrysomela ceramboides Linn.

Cristea Fab., Lat., Gyll., Curt—Helops Fab.—Crioceris and Blaps

Mars.—Chrysomela Linn.—Pyrochroa DeG.

Antenne generally longest in the males, shorter than the body,
inserted before the eyes close to the base of the mandibles, fili-
form and 11-jointed, basal joint ovate, 2nd small subglobose, 3rd
sometimes scarcely larger, in others as long as the Ist, 4th and
following long, linear, compressed and narrowed at the base,
sometimes serrated, especially in the males, terminal joint
elongate-ovate (6, the base and apex).

Labrum semiorbicular, pilose, the margin slightly concave in
the centre and ciliated with short bristles (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate, the apex curved and deeply cleft, form-
ing two blunt teeth, one with a trigonate tooth also on the in-
side and a large membranous margin, pubescent and ciliated
above (2, * the apex).

Mazville terminated by an ovate lobe, very hairy towards the
apex, with a small one on the inside, ciliated with curved
bristles. Palpt much longer than the labial, pilose and 4-
jointed, basal joint elongated, rather curved, slender and clavate,
2nd long, stout, slightly tapering to the base, 3rd short, some-
what hatchet-shaped, 4th the largest, ovate, slender at the base
and truncated very obliquely (3).

Mentum short, transverse, narrowed at the base, the anterior
angles rounded and slightly notched. Lip as large and similar
in shape, slightly cordate and densely pubescent, with very fine
hairs. Palpi stout, a little hairy, remote, attached near the
base, triarticulate, basal joint slender, chalice-shaped, 2nd
stouter, obovate, 3rd very stout, hatchet-shaped (4).

Head narrow, subovate or elongate-trigonate, generally with a short
neck: eyes small but prominent, lateral and reniform. Thorax
wider than the head, semiorbicular, generally broadest at the base ;
scutel triangular. Elytra broader than the thorax, elongated,
rounded at the apex. Wings ample. ‘'Tibie spurred at the apex:
tarsi 5, 5 and 4-jointed; anterior with the three first joints a little
dilated in the males in some species, turbinate and very pubescent
beneath, 3rd the smallest and cordate: claws long, curved and acute,
serrated on the inside (5 8, a fore foot, + hind foot).—Obs. The
dissections are taken from C. castanea Mars.

Ceramsoipes Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 265. 2.
Male narrower than the female: black, silky above with fer-
ruginous pubescence ; thickly and minutely punctured: thorax
semiorbicular, the base bisinuated, the angles rather acute:
elytra ferruginous-ochre with 8 punctured striz on each, and
an indistinct abbreviated one next the scutellum: tips of tarsi
and claws ferruginous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tuis group is nearly related to Melandrya (pl. 155), and if
broken up it must be formed into many genera: C. nigra is a
broad insect with the joints of the tarsi and antennze abbre-
viated ; C. murina is similar in form; C. fulvipes and castanea
have the anterior and intermediate tarsi a little dilated; in
C. ceramboides they are elongated and slender, and the an-
tenne are serrated in the male; and in C. sulphurea and bicolor
the palpi are dissimilar in the sexes, those of the male being a
little dilated. The larve of C. nigra and cerambozdes live in
decayed oak-trees, and are described and illustrated in the 1st
vol. of the Ent. Trans. ; and the larva and pupa of the former
are figured in Germar’s Mag,, vol. ii. tab. 1, but they do not
agree in form.
1. nigra DeG.—ater Fab.— Panz. 50. 3.—atrata Mars.—Eryx
niger Step.

April and May, hedges and lanes, Mr. Samouelle; houses,
Norwich ; beginning of June, trunks of trees, New Forest ; end
of July, running upon willow-trees in the evening, at Windsor,
Mr. Bainbridge; near Peterborough, Mr. Henderson; Cam-
bridge, Mildenhall, Walthamstow, and Coomb Wood.

2. murina Linn.— Oliv. 3. 0. 54. tab. 1. f-13.—fusea Mars. var. —

— Panz. 25.19.—maura Fab,—Euonymi Fab.— Panz. 34.8?
June and July, common in hedges and underwood on Senecio
Jacobea and other syngenesious and umbelliferous plants, and

‘‘very abundant on flowers of Rosa spinosissima.” Mr. Dillwyn. |

3. fulvipes #.-erythropa Mars.—luperus Herb.-ferruginea £. 6.

June, hedges; Aug. on Pines, Birch and Darent Woods; —

Bear Wood, Dorset, Mr. Dale; Hertfordshire and Dover.

4. nigrita Fab. ‘In the collection of the Rev. F. W. Hope.” Ste. —

5. castanea Mars. p. 223. n. 9.

End of May, Leigh Wood, near Bristol, Mr. Dale, and
Devon; June and July, hedges and skirts of woods on Cra-
teegus Oxyacantha, round London, and in Norfolk.

6. ceramboides Linn.—Curt. B. E. pl. 5943.

Middle of June to middle of July, on Birch, Parley Copse,
Dorset, Mr. Dale; near the river Pinsley, Leominster, Mr.
Newman; Sydenham, Cambridgeshire, and Hertfordshire ;
Birch and Darent Woods, Mr. J. Standish, who generally
beats it off the oak, but he has found it on the Maple.

7. sulphurea Linn.—Sam. Comp. pl. 4.7. 6.—Panz. 106. 8.

June and July on syngenesious and umbelliferous plants,
especially the Carrot, in Norfolk; Belton Clay Pit, Yarmouth,
Mr. Paget; Portland in plenty, Mr. Dale; Dover; Devil’s
Ditch, Cambridgeshire, and other chalky districts.

8. bicolor Fab.—Panz. 34. 6.

On umbelliferous flowers in Norfolk and near Dover, the

middle of August.

The Plant is Rumex Acetosella (Sheep’s Sorrel).

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58

098.
LAGRIA HIRTA.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Lagride.

Type of the Genus, Chrysomela hirta Linn.

Laer Fab., Gyll., Curt. —Tenebrio DeG.—Cantharis Geof.—Chry-
somela Linn.—Auchenia Marsh.
Antenne inserted on the inner margin of the eyes, slightly cla-
vate in the female, hairy, 11-jointed, 1st joint short and ovate,
but forming a knob at the base, 2nd small subobovate, 3 following
elongated and slightly chopper-shaped, the 5 following shorter
and rather remotely articulated, the 6th somewhat obtrigonate-
ovate, 10th more ovate-truncate, 11th the longest, stoutest and
elliptic-conic (6); twice as long as the head and thorax in the
male and slenderer, the joints more elongated, with the terminal
one very long (¢).
Labrum orbicular pocket-shaped, mdented in the centre and
ciliated with long bristles (1).
Mandibles suborbicular, truncated at the base, with the outer
angle produced, the apex rounded, notched in one and forming
a trigonate tooth in the other, with a large orbicular leathery
lobe on the inside (2).
Mazville short, with an ovate internal lobe, and an external one
not larger, both densely ciliated. Palpi long large hairy and 4-
jointed, basal joint the slenderest and somewhat chalice-shaped,
2nd longer, stout obovate-truncate, 3rd shorter somewhat ovate-
truncate, 4th very large, ovate, truncated obliquely (3).
Mentum elongated, subpyriform, truncated at the base, bisinuated
before to receive the Palpi which are short stout and triarti-
culate, 2 basal joints very short, the Ist obtrigonate, 2nd ovate,
truncated obliquely, 3rd longer subovate and very hairy. Lip
short broad and very hairy (4).

Males slenderer than the females. Head orbicular : eyes rather large,
lateral, vertical and kidney-shaped. ‘Thorax not broader cylindric,
subquadrate, a little narrowed before and the sides slightly emargi-
nate towards the base. Scutellum small semiorbicular. Elytra
twice as broad as the thorax, subelliptic, rounded at the apex, and a
little inflated in the female. Wings ample. Legs moderate, not
stout: tibiee scarcely clavate and unarmed : tarsi pubescent beneath
5, 5 and 4-jointed, basal joint considerably the longest in the hinder
pair, 2nd and 3rd short and obtrigonate in the others, penultimate
bilobed, terminal joint slender clavate : claws rather long slender and
acute (5, a fore leg, + hind tibia and tarsus).

Hirtra Linn. 9 .—Curt. Guide, Gen. 266. 1.—pubescens Linn. g.
Black, villose : head and thorax sparingly punctured, the latter
with a transverse channel near the base in the male and a fovea
on the disc in the female ; elytra thickly and roughly punctured,
semitransparent, ochreous, with the pubescence of the same
colour; legs piceous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

GYLLENHAL places Lagria after Anthicus pygmaeus, and it
must be admitted that there is a great resemblance between
them in general contour as well as in the structure of the an-
tennze, as shown in our illustration of Xylophilus oculatus
(pl. 299.), but the trophi and tarsi are so different that there
can be no real affinity. Latreille’s location of Lagria in his
Genera Crustaceorum seems to me far from a natural one,
and I cannot think but it is much more nearly related to Cis-
tela (fol. 594.) than to Pyrochroa (fol. 590.), next to which
Latreille and Dejean have placed it in their last works: but
after all it is the introduction of Pyrochroa possibly that ren-
ders this arrangement so unnatural to my mind, for if this
were removed the views of the latter author would not be very
different from my own.

The larva and pupa of Lagria are unknown, which is the
more remarkable as the insects in their perfect state are most
abundant, and our native one the L. Airta is found in May and
June, in hedges, throughout England, but it is most attached,
I believe, to the White-thorn and Hazel.

The Lagriz are widely distributed over the whole world,
inhabiting various parts of Europe and Africa to the Cape of
Good Hope, and thence to Madagascar and New Holland.

The Plant is Spiraea Filipendula (Common Dropwort).

,
x

HYPULUS BIFLEXUOSUS.

OrveER Coleoptera. Fam. Melandryide Leach.—Helopii Lat.
Type of the Genus Hypulus Quercinus Payk.

Hyputus Payk.—Serropalpus Jll—Dircea Fab., Gyll.—Helops &
Notoxus Panz.
Antenne inserted immediately before the eyes, scarcely so long
as the thorax, submoniliform and pilose, slightly increasing in
thickness to the apex; 11-jointed, basal joint a little longer
than the 2nd and 3rd which are of equal length, terminal joint
rather the longest and conical (6).
Labrum transverse, oval, coriaceous, pilose and ciliated (1).
Mandibles small, subquadrate or trigonate, tridentate, with a
fleshy lobe on the internal side (2).
Mazille very small, terminated by 2 pubescent lobes, the ex-
ternal one the largest. Palpi large, 4-jointed, basal joint small,
2nd and 3rd pilose, subobtrigonate, 4th the largest, pilose, sub-
obovate (3).
Mentum very small, subquadrate, anterior margin membranous.
Lip nearly as large, subquadrate ; anterior margin slightly con-
cave, with a tuft of hairs in the centre, angles rounded. Palpi
attached to scapes, triarticulate, basal joint minute ; 2nd large,
subglobose, pilose ; 3rd slender and oblong (4).

Head nutant. Eyes small. Thorax semiovate, posterior margin slightly
convex, angles obtuse. Scutellum subtrigonate. Elytra elongate-
oval. Wings ample. Legs nearly of equal size, rather long and
slender. Tibie spurred. Tarsi, 4 anterior 5-jointed, the posterior
pair 4-jointed, in which the basal joint is the longest (5+) ; penul-
timate joint the smallest and emarginate. Claws small and bent (5,
a fore leg).

Obs. The dissections and descriptions are taken from the insect figured.

Biriexvosus Nobis,

Pitchy black, shining, covered with yellowish pubescence ; rather
minutely but not deeply punctured. Antennz ochreous at the
base. Elytra with a waved interrupted fascia before, and another
narrower beyond, the middie. Tibie obscure ferruginous; Tarsi
of the same colour, ochraceous at their apex.

The longer line in the plate shows the superior length of the
female, the thorax of which is broader in proportion.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Cooper, Mr. F. Walker, and the Author.

Tue Hypuli and neighbouring genera are so very rare in this
country, that I have not been able to obtain specimens for
dissection, except of the species figured; but it is evident that
the palpi (especially the labial) differ so considerably from
those of Paykull’s type, that our second and third species
must form a division. ‘The genus, and two of the insects,
have never been noticed by any of our countrymen.

1. H. Quercinus Payk., Faun. Suec. 1. 252. 2.—dubia Fab.,

Tanz deo.

Twice as long as the following: thickly punctured and pu-
bescent; black, elytra with a large spot at the shoulder, a
double Junular one across the middle, and another near the
apex ferruginous. Antennee, mouth, and legs of the same
colour.

Of this rare insect, two have been taken by Mr. Stone
upon decayed stumps of oaks in Coombe Lane in June, and at
Colney Hatch; and another by Mr. Jos. Standish at Darent.
2. H. biflexuosus Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 255.

Mr. Cooper favoured me with the sight of a pair of this new
species, which were beaten out of an oak by him in Highgate
Wood last June; and Mr. F. Walker has kindly presented
me with specimens which he found amongst grass in the
neighbourhood of Southgate about the same time.

3. H. 4-fasciatus Nobis.

Brown, covered with depressed pubescence; legs, palpi,
face, and base and apex of antenng, ochreous; anterior and
posterior margins of thorax, and two waved fascize on the
elytra, of the same colour.

This insect may be the Mordella bifasciata of Marsham;
but as Fabricius has a Dircea bifasciata, should it be so, it
would be necessary to alter the name of the species above
described, to prevent confusion.

My specimen was taken by my brother several years since
near Norwich in July; and I think I have seen other ex-
amples in London cabinets.

For fine specimens of the plant figured, Orchis fusca (Brown

Orchis), I am indebted to Sir John Tylden of Milsted, Kent.

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HALLOMENUS FLEXUOSUS.

Orpber Coleoptera. Fam. Melandryidz or Helopii.

Type of the Genus, Dircea humeralis Fab.

Haritoments Hellw., Payk., Gyll., Lat., Curt.—Dirceea Fab.—Serro-
palpus and Dinophorus 7/1.
Antenne inserted in a cavity close to the inner margin of the
eyes, longer than the thorax, slender at the base, pubescent and
11-jointed ; basal joint rather small and ovate, 2nd the smallest,
subovate, 3rd larger than the Ist elongate-obtrigonate, the re-
mainder rather stouter but decreasing in length, more or less
cup-shaped, terminal joint a little the longest and elongate-
ovate (6).
Labrum transverse ovate, ciliated (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, externally pilose, acute at the apex, with
a square notch on the inside, forming a tooth below in one man-
dible, and an internal membranous lobe (2).
Mazille small terminated by 2 small pubescent lobes. Palpi
rather large, pilose, and 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd and 38rd
large obtrigonate, 4th the largest ovate-conic (3).
Mentum subcordate, concave at the base, sinuated before, leaving
a triangular point in the middle. Palpi attached to 2 scapes,
triarticulate, basal joint small, 2nd large subobovate, 3rd small
and subovate. Lip oblong, with 2 bristles at the centre (4).
Head small subtrigonate, nearly concealed under the thorax : eyes rather
small and lateral. Thorax semiorbicular-trigonate, somewhat de-
pressed, the angles obtuse: scutellum semiorbicular, Elytra ellip-
tical, slightly depressed, scarcely broader than the thoraz. Wings
ample. Legs compressed, hinder pair a little the largest: thighs
short : tibie simple, furnished with minute spurs at the apex. 'Tarsi
5-jointed (5), posterior pair 4-jointed (+); anterior with the ter-
minal joint the longest, but slender and clavate, 4th slightly cordate ;
posterior with the basal joint very long, the 2nd as long as the 4th,
ord the smallest, subcordate. Claws slender acute.
Obs. The dissections and description are taken from the insect figured.

Fiexvosus Payk.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 270. 2.

Sericeous, minutely punctured; ferruginous-ochre : head black,
lower part of face and palpi ochreous; antennz black, excepting
at the base and apex: thorax with a transverse black band not
reaching the sides, a faint channel down the middle, and an im-
pression on each side at the base ; scutellum, a flexuose band be-
fore the middle, and a broader one beyond it, black: beneath
black, exceptingrthe thorax.

In the Cabinets of Mr. C. J. Thompson and the Author.

AtruouGH H. flecuosus is included by Paykull, Gyllenhal,
Dejean and Sturm in the genus Hallomenus, it does not
agree exactly with the type, which has the apical joint of the
maxillary palpi subovate and truncated obliquely, the 3rd
joint of the antennz longer than the following, and the inner
margin of the eye is distinctly notched. In their form they
agree, being broader, flatter and shorter than Hypulus, to
which they are most nearly allied, and to the second division
of which H. flecuosus makes a near approach in structure.

1. H. fuscus? Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 528. 2.—bipunctatus Payk.
var. B.
Length 2 to 2} lines. Sericeous, thickly and minutely
punctured, brown above, ferruginous ochre beneath,
antennee palpi and legs ochreous, the latter bright and
pale; eyes reniform, black; head with a faint channel
on the crown: thorax with the sides ochreous, a shal-
low channel down the middle, and a distinct fovea on
each side at the base: scutellum subquadrate: elytra
with 7 or 8 indistinct impressed lines on each, the base
except at the suture, ochreous.

From the size I have some doubt if it be not a variety of
the H. humeralis Fab.; but my specimens want the 2 black
spots on the thorax.

This insect is common in Sweden in the fungi of trees; in
England no one but myself has ever taken it, and I have been
so fortunate as to capture two; the first I took many years
since on the wing in the New Road, and the second flying in
Montague Square, a little before sunset, the end of May 1832.

2. H. flexuosus Payk.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 474.—undatus
Panz. 68. 23.

For specimens of this pretty insect, which is quite a new
discovery in Britain, I am indebted to my friend Mr. C. J.
Thompson; they were presented to him by Mr. Frederick
Kenrick, who took them the beginning of last July under the
bark of a dead Willow-tree, by the side of a river near Peter-
borough. It is found also in Sweden in the fungi of trees,
especially the Alder; and Mons. Foudras kindly added _ spe-
cimens to my cabinet, which he captured near Lyons.

The Plant is Sisymbrium sylvestre (Creeping Water-cress),
from the banks of the river near Bottisham, Cambridgeshire.

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43°

197.
ORCHESIA FASCIATA.

Pa Be Pr

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Melandryadez Leach. Helopii Lat.
Type of the Genus Dircea micans Fab.

Orcuesia Lat.—Dircea Fab.—Hallomenus Ill., Payk., Gyll., Panz.
—Serropalpus I//—Mordella Marsh.—Anaspis Lat.—Megato-
ma Herbst.

Antenne inserted between and close to the internal margin of the
eyes, clavate, pubescent, 11-jointed, basal joint large ovate, 2nd
short, 3rd longer, the 5 following shorter than the 2nd ; increas-
ing in diameter to the 8th, the remainder forming a robust club,
the basal and 2nd joints turbinate, the terminal one the longest
conical (fig. 6).

Labrum exserted membranous, suborbicular, pilose (1).
Mandibles small, corneous, subtrigonate, arched externally, notch-
ed internally, with a membranous dilated margin or appendage
(2).

Mazille small bilobed, internal lobe dentiform, very pubescent,
external larger rounded, very pubescent at the apex. Palpi
large, very pubescent, 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd large
obtrigonate, 3rd transverse produced on the internal side, 4th
very large, elongate trigonate (3).

Mentum small, quadrate coriaceous. Lip small membranous.
Palpi small and membranous, 3-jointed, basal joint small, united
to the lip, 2nd short rhomboidal, 3rd elongate truncate (4).
Head inflexed small. Eyes lateral reniform. Thorax broad, semicir-
cular, posterior angles acute. Scutellum minute. Wings very am-
ple. Coleoptra elongate ovate. Legs not very long, tapering, an-
terior the shortest. Thighs, posterior the most robust. Tibis spurred,
intermediate pair the longest, posterior the shortest, broadest and
armed with 2 very long spines serrated externally (5*). Tarsi 1st
and 2nd pair 5-jointed, penultimate joint bilobed (5, a fore leg) ;
posterior 4-jointed, basal joint very long (5*). Claws small acute.

Fasciata Payk.—Gyll. Ins. Suec. v. 1. pars 2.531.5.
Minutely and thickly punctured, producing very short, depressed
yellow pubescence. Antenne ferruginous, fuscous towards the
extremity. Eyes black. Head and thorax ferruginous, the lat-
ter with an impression at the base on each side ; a black fascia
arising from the centre of the base and arched to the sides, and a
spot near the disc of the same colour. Elytra with the suture
raised, ochraceous, a double blackish spot near the base, a sinu-
ated slender arched fascia before the middle, not touching the
margin, a broad blackish fascia beyond the middle with the mar-
gin sinuated, the apex blackish also. Legs ferruginous. Under-
side piceous.
In the Cabinet of Mr. Dale.

A.truoucu these insects have been included in various Ge-
nera by different authors, the accurate characters laid down
by Latreille in his admirable ‘* Genera Crustaceorum,” &c. will,
without any difficulty, enable us to distinguish them from all
others. The most obvious peculiarities are the long and cu-
riously serrated spines attached to the short posterior tibiz,
which probably assist these insects to skip in the singular way
they do when disturbed, very much in the manner of the Mor-
della: and Anaspides.

There seem to be but two species known, both of which
are inhabitants of Britain.

1. O. micans Fab.— Payk.— Lat.—Panz. 16. 18.—picea
Herbst.—Boleti Marsh.—clavicornis Lat. :

I once found this insect in abundance beneath moist Boleti,
attached to the trunks of Elm-trees in Norfolk, in the month
of June; and dropping as soon as the Boletus was touched, it
became necessary to hold a net beneath, into which they fell
and skipped about like shrimps.

2. O. fasciata Payk. Nob.

No figure of this pretty and rare Beetle having been before
given, we are not positive that it is Paykull’s insect, although
there can be little doubt that it is a mere variety of that spe-
cies.

Mr. Dale beat a specimen out of a White-thorn near Lynd-
hurst in the New Forest, the 1st of June 1824, and we believe
that other specimens have been taken on the same ground.

The plant is Malva moschata (Musk Mallow).

Panik: aie an H
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fh 13834
483.

MORDELLA ABDOMINALIS.

OrpbeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Mordellidz.
Type of the Genus, Mordella fasciata Fab.

Morpetta Linn., Fab., Lat., Gyl., Mar., Curt.

Antenne inserted close to the anterior margin of the eyes, shorter
than the head and thorax, pubescent, slender at the base, 11-
jointed, 3 first joints ovate, the first the stoutest, 4th elongate
obtrigonate, the remainder broader, compressed and more or
less obtrigonate, having a serrated appearance, the apical joint
ovate (6).

Labrum semiorbicular, very pilose above (1).

Mandibles trigonate acute, bifid at the apex, with a membranous
ciliated margin on the inside (2).

Mazille small, terminated by 2 lobes, the outer one dilated,
rounded and very pubescent at the apex, the internal one shorter,
sublanceolate and pubescent on the inside. Palpi clavate and
4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd long clavate, 3rd subtrigonate,
4th large ovate hatchet-shaped (3).

Mentum dilated, horny and pilose at the base, narrowed an-
teriorly. Lip large subcordate, pubescent, deeply notched at
the middle. Palpi clavate, pilose, biarticulate, basal joint sub-
clavate, 2nd larger and ovate (4).

Head incurved subglobose : eyes remote and lateral. Thorax drooping,

larger than the head, convex, transverse, sides rounded, base a little
produced at the middle at the scutellum, which is small and trian-
gular. Postpectus very large. Elytra scarcely broader than the
thorax, oblong, slightly attenuated, and not covering the apex of the
abdomen. Wings ample. Abdomen acuminated at the apex in both
sexes, especially in the females. Legs short, 4 anterior slender and
inserted close together under the thorax, posterior robust : thighs,
hinder broad ovate : tibie, posterior elongate trapezate with 2 strong
spines at the apex : tarsi simple, anterior 5-jointed (5), the 4th joint
minute, 5th slender ; posterior pair 4-jointed (+), basal joint long
and stout, 3rd and 4th of equal length. Claws small, slightly pec-
tinated beneath.

Aspomrnatis Fab.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 273. 1.

Piceous black, covered with silky pubescence, minutely punc-
tured: antennz brown, 2 basal and the apical joints as well as
the mouth ochreous. Thorax and abdomen orange, aculeus
long and blackish. Elytra clothed with brown pubescence.
Legs piceous, anterior pair orange, tarsi ochreous and brown.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Morpetra is at once distinguished from Rhipiphorus (p/. 19,)
by its simple antenna, and from Anaspis, which it most re-

A]

sembles, by the form of the penultimate joints of the anterior
legs, which are not bilobed, by its distinct scutellum and acu-
minated abdomen. They inhabit flowers, especially the Umbel-
latee, fly as well as run with celerity, and when alarmed draw
their head close under the thorax, so that the mouth is con-
cealed between the anterior coxee.

The following are British species :

1. M. abdominalis Fab.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 483.—Olhiv. 3.
No. 64, pl. 1. f. 5.

May, White-thorns and umbellate plants, the beginning
and middle of June in the New Forest, but rare; near Swansea
not uncommon, L. W. Dillwyn, Esq.

2. M. pumila Gy/. 2. 605. 2.

Middle of July, Bungay, Suffolk; and near Swansea on
umbellate flowers.

3. M. aculeata Lznn.—Ol. pl. 1. f. 1.

May and June, blossoms of Crab-tree and White-thorn,
Mr. Samouelle, and near Swansea.

4, M. ventralis Fab., Gyl.—nigra Mars.

10th of June, Blackwell Sands, Devon, Mr. Chant and
Mr. Bentley, in company with the last, also in Kent.

5. M. humeralis L7nn.— Mars.—Panz. 62. 3.
July, Coomb-wood, Surrey.

53. M. axillaris? Gyl. 2. 611. 8.

6. M. variegata Fab., Gyl.—lateralis Oliv. pl. 1. fi 8.—
bicolor Mars.—dorsalis Panz. 13. 15.

May and June, White-thorns Norfolk, but rare; also at
Darent, Kent.

7. M. brunnea Fab. ?—Panz. 36. 8. I gave this and the
next as synonymous, on the authority of Schoenherr,
but whether they be distinct or varieties only, I am
unable to determine for want of specimens.

7*. M. flavescens Mars. 490. 7.—ferruginea Mars. 490. 6.

May and June, White-thorns, Swansea.

8. M. fasciata Fab.— Oliv. pl. 1. f: 2.—Sam. pl. 4. f: 8.

Plentiful in the New Forest in June, where I found them
on fine days flying round and running up dead decaying trees,
that were standing, deprived of their bark. Mr. Dale has
found them on the Teasel, and Mr. Bydder observed them
flying about Oak-trees.

The Plant is Viburnum Opulus (Guelder Rose), to the flowers
of which the Mordellidz are much attached.

RIPIPHORUS PARADOXUS.

OrpbeER Coleoptera. Fam. Mordellidee Lat.
Type of the Genus, Mordella paradoxa Linn.

Ririrnorus Fab., Lat., Curt.—Mordella Linn.

Antenne inserted between the eyes, remote, 11-jointed, basal joint

the stoutest, somewhat obconic, 2nd the smallest, 8 following flabel-

late or bipectinate in the male, terminal joint very long and filiform

(6): 3rd joint the longest in the female, producing a single branch

as well as the 8 following (6 2 ).

Labrum coriaceous, exserted, semiovate, ciliated (1).-

Mandibles arcuated, apex acute, externally hairy (2).

Mazille very small, slightly bilobed and ciliated. Palpi large, hairy,

4-jointed, basal joint very small, 2nd long and clavate, 3rd short, 4th

the longest and stoutest, truncated obliquely (3).

Mentum long and narrow, terminating in an obtuse point. Palpi

hairy, biarticulate, basal joint the smallest, 2nd long and clavate (4).

Head cordiform, very small, scarcely visible from above: eyes ovate.

Thorax very much arched, base trilobed, angles acuminated, the centre pro-
duced into an ovate lobe : scutel none or concealed. Abdomen arcuate, sides
compressed, apex very acute. Elytra shorter than the body, attenuated,
acuminated and gaping at the apex. Wings folded, as long as the body.
Legs, 4 posterior the longest : tibiz spurred : tarsi slender, simple, 5, 5- and
4-jointed, basal joint the longest, remainder gradually decreasing in length,
4th a little the shortest : claws bifid at the apex. (5+ hind leg.)

Parapoxus Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 274. 1.
Black, pubescent, punctured. Thorax with a deep broad channel in
the centre, lateral lobes testaceous. Elytra testaceous in the male,
and black at the apex; black in the female and slightly tinged with
testaceous. Wings fuscous at the apex. Abdomen orange, apex
black, sometimes entirely black. Claws testaceous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tuis beautiful and interesting insect, which is the only species of
Ripiphorus that inhabits Britain, was considered a few years back
one of our most valuable acquisitions, being only met with acci-
dentally, in consequence of our ignorance of its habits and economy ;
but its natural habitation having been discovered by my friend Mr.
W. S. MacLeay, the attention of naturalists was called to the
subject, and it has since been taken in profusion in Shropshire,
by the Rev. F. W. Hope; and at Southgate, not uncommonly,
by Mr. Edwin Walker, in August and September 1823, to whom
I am indebted for the very fine specimens figured in the plate,
which far exceed in size any that I have seen elsewhere; and this
gentleman observed, that the individuals taken in August were
much smaller than those that were captured later in the autumn.
152

I have seen this insect alive in Norfolk: it has also been taken in
Somersetshire; and my friend Mr. Dale found one in his orchard
in Dorsetshire, which induced us to search for a wasp’s nest, and
having found one in the neighbourhood, we destroyed and dug it
up, and at night it was conveyed home in a vessel closely covered,
and upon examining it the next morning I had the gratification of —
releasing a male from one of the cells, the external figure of which
was sexagonal, but the operculum was circular ; and the same struc-
ture is exhibited in one received from Mr. Hope.

The eggs no doubt are deposited in the cells of the wasps, for
which purpose the acute abdomen of the female is well adapted ;
and the larvee, when hatched, are probably nourished by the wasps
as their own offspring :—the perfect insect, from the smallness of
its mouth and the weakness of its organs, cannot, however, be a
very formidable enemy. When it emerges from the chrysalis, it
leaves the nest and resorts to neighbouring flowers, like the rest of
the Mordellide: the wasps therefore can sustain no other injury
than that which arises from the few cells occupied by the larve.

The fly discovered by Mr. Denison, and lately alluded to as an
Ichneumon by the Rev. E. Bigge in his interesting “* Observations
on the Natural History of two species of Wasps,” is no doubt the
Ripiphorus. ‘ The fly,” he says, “deposits its eggs upon the grub
of the wasp at the moment it assumes the pupa: as soon as the egg
is hatched it devours the grub of the wasp entirely, and itself assumes
the pupa and imago form in the cells of the wasp.” Vide Trans.
of the Ashmolean Soc. for 1835, p. 27.

The smaller figure in the plate, representing the natural size, is
the female, and from its different colour was considered by Panzer
a distinct species, which he called #. angulatus; the figure of the
male is magnified; it is not only distinguished from the other sex
by its colour, but by its beautiful flabellated antenne.

The plant is Achillea Millefolium, Common Yarrow.

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340.
SITARIS HUMERALIS.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharidz Lat.

Type of the Genus, Necydalis humeralis Fab.

Srraris Lat.—Cantharis Geoff., Oliv—Necydalis Fab., Forst., Don,
Marsh.
Antenne inserted upon the anterior margin of the eyes, clothed
with very short hairs, longer than the head and thorax and rather
attenuated to the apex in the male, the apical joint being as long
as the 3d; shorter in the female and slightly thickened at the
apex, 11-jointed, basal joint scarcely thicker than the following,
2d joint small, both somewhat chalice-shaped, 3d a little longer
than the Ist, the remainder nearly of equal length, elongate obo-
vate, slightly increasing in size, the apical joint being the largest
and ovate (6).
Labrum coriaceous, very pilose above, nearly semiorbicular (1).
Mandibles stout, very much hooked at the apex, with a long
fleshy lobe on the inside below the middle, ciliated on the inner
margin (2).
Maczilla small, bilobed, very pilose, internal lobe rounded at the
apex, external one longer larger and hatchet-shaped. Palpi long
and comparatively robust, 4-jointed, basal joint small, the others
of equal length, the 2d pyriform, 3d oblong, 4th subovate fleshy
at the apex (3).
Mentum coriaceous, pilose and oblong, anterior angles truncated
obliquely. Palpi attached to remote scapes, triarticulate, basal
joint minute, 2d the longest, pubescent and clavate, 3d the
largest subovate. Labium bilobed and very pilose (4).

Head inflexed semi-orbicular. Eyes small, lateral and reniform.
Thorax orbicular-quadrate. Scutellum large, notched at the apex.
Abdomen thick, sometimes large in the female. Elytra shorter than
the body, very much attenuated and divaricating towards the apex.
Wings ample and folded at the apex. Legs rather long and slender.
Thighs somewhat thick. Tibiz simple, hinder pair the longest, fur-
nished with very short spurs. Tarsi 5-jointed (5), posterior pair 4-
jointed, basal joint the longest, penultimate the shortest. Claws
curved and acute, each being furnished at the base with a strong
bristle (5+ hind leg).

Humerauis Oliv. t. 3. No. 46. pl. 2. f.20. Marsh. 359.—muralis
Forst. p. 48.
Black, shining : head and thorax coarsely thickly but irregularly
punctured, the latter with a deep impression in the centre from
the middle to the base: elytra thickly and minutely punctured,
pale piceous with a violaceous tint, ochraceous at the base : wings
fuscous slightly iridescent.
Obs. The outline figure exhibits a female in profile of the natural
size, the male is slightly magnified.

In the British Museum and other Cabinets.

W

In the First Volume of this work (pl. 19), the Rhipiphorus
paradoxus was figured, an insect nearly related in structure
and economy to the one just described.

The Rhipiphorus inhabits wasps’ nests; the Sitaris we learn
from Latreille lives in the nidus of solitary bees, and is often
found dead in them. When I was at Lyons last summer,
Mons. Foudras, who takes the Nitaris in abundance, informed
me that he found it in the nests of Anthophora hirsuta and
A. acervorum.

Fabricius gives it as an English insect, and it appears to have
been common in this country sixty or seventy years back by
the remark of Forster, who states that it was frequent upon
garden walls; and I think Dr. Stephenson found one in such
a situation a few years since at Eltham in Kent. Within the
last year or two I understand, it has again been found in
abundance under a water-butt in a garden at Chelsea.

The plant represented is Scrophularia vernalis (Yellow Fig-

wort), gathered at Mitcham in Surrey, and communicated by

J. J. Bennett, Esq.

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390

CEDEMERA SANGUINICOLLIS.

OrpveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharide.

Type of the Genus, Necydalis cerulea Linn.

Cipemera Oliv., Lat., Sam., Curt.—Cantharis Linn., Mars.—Necy-
dalis Linn., Fak, Gyl.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, not so long as the body, fili-
form and pubescent ; 11-jointed, basal joint the stoutest, curved
and subclavate, 2nd ovate, the remainder long and slender, 3 ter-
minal joints a little shorter, the last sometimes suddenly con-
tracted at the middle, making the apex more slender (6).
Labrum exserted, transverse-ovate, slightly emarginate and hairy,
ciliated at the margin (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, externally pilose, bifid at the apex, with
a coriaceous margin produced on the inside, the edge ciliated (2).
Mazille terminated by two horny lobes, the internal one very
pubescent towards the apex and furnished with a few curved
bristles ; the external lobe long, distinctly articulated at the base,
and clothed with long curved hairs at the apex.
Paipi long and stout, pubescent, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd
long and subclavate, 3rd shorter, 4th nearly as long as the 2nd,
dilated towards the apex and truncated obliquely (3).
Mentum subquadrate, the angles rounded. Lip hairy forming
two divaricating lobes. Palpz long and pilose, attached to two
scapes inserted behind the mentum, triarticulate, basal joint short,
2nd and 3rd longer, of equal length, the former subclavate, the
latter broader, compressed, ovate-truncate (4).

Head broadest at the base, depressed, the clypeus slightly produced.
Eyes lateral and prominent., Thorax oblong ovate, narrowed towards
the base. Scutellum minute. Elytra long and narrow, sometimes
subulate. Wings ample. Thighs ; hinder sometimes exceedingly in-
crassated in the male. Tibiz posterior sometimes robust and slightly
curved in the male (5+). Tarsi; 5-jointed, posterior 4-jointed, basal
joint the longest, penultimate bilobed.

Saneurnicouuis Fab. Ent. Syst. 1. pars 2.351. 6.—flavicollis Panz.
24. 18.—ruficollis Sam.—fulvicollis Curt. Guide, Gen. 276. 6.
Brassy black, shining, pubescent, thickly punctured: Antenne
dull black, 3 basal joints ochreous on the under side, as well as
the base of the palpi. Thorax orange, excepting the breast which
is black, obovate, truncated before and behind, with a deep fovea
on each side the centre, and one at the base, the posterior angles
a little produced. Elytra elliptical, completely covering the body,
dull olive-green, thickly and roughly punctured, with 4 elevated
lines on each.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tuts genus bears considerable resemblance at first sight to a
group called Stenopterus and separated by Illiger from Mo-

D
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lorchus ; and the flat and lengthened clypeus is very like that

of Stenostoma of Latreille. ‘The Cidemere fly remarkably

well, and generally frequent flowers: they may be thus divided.
* Posterior thighs incrassated in the males.

1. Ce. Podagrariz Linn. S. N. 2. 642. 9. mas.—simplex L.
S. N. 643. 10. fem.—Don. 10. 358. 2.

The N. melanocephala of Panzer is referred to this species
by Gyllenhal, but it is a totally different insect which I have
taken at Fontainebleau; it is much more like the female of the
next species in size and form.

CE. Podagrarié has been taken from the 5th May to the
ist Aug.: it is attached to umbellate plants and derives its
name from the Aigopodium Podagraria, but it is also found
in houses being attracted by light in the evening. Mr. Dale
has taken specimens at the roots of apple-trees, and in cu-
cumber frames at Glanville’s Wootton ; found also in Norfolk,
Suffolk, at Bideford, Ashburton, &c. Devon.

2. CE. coerulea Linn. F. S.'716.—Don. 16. pl. 558.—Sam.
pl. 2. f. 28.—clavipes Gyl.—flavipes Oliv. ?>—ceram-
boides Mars.

This handsome but common insect Mr. Dale has observed
from the 29th May to the 4th Aug. It frequents umbel-
liferous and syngenesious flowers and those of the bramble,
and is very extensively distributed.

3. Ci. marginata Fab.—femorata Panz. 36. 12. 3.—subulata

Oliv. 2.

It is recorded that Mr. Haworth possesses a British speci-
men of this or some kindred species.

** Posterior thighs simple in both sexes.

4. CE. lurida Mar. 360. 6. Gyl.—Is found from the begin-
ning of June to the middle of August, in most parts
of the kingdom in grassy places.

5. CK. viridissima Linn. F. S.'717.—thalassina Fab. ?—coe-
rulescens Oliv. 3. n. 50. pl. 2.f. 17 ?

Found from May to the middle of June on flowers in Chalk-
pits, Kent, in White-thorn flowers in the New Forest, and at
Glanville’s Wootton. I once took a considerable number out
of a decayed tree at Barham in Suffolk.

6. CE. sanguinicollis Fab.— Curt. B. E. pl. 390.

This handsome and distinct species is found in the blossoms
of the white-thorns in the New Forest; near Bristol; and in
Ireland. :

7. CE. melanura Linn.—Oliv. 3. n. 50. ¢. 1. f. 8.—nigripes
Fab.—acuta Mar.—Lepturoides Gyl.—notata Ph.

Taken in June and July generally in the vicinity of timber
and frequently by the water side. It has occurred on the banks
of the Thames in London; at Chatham; in Norfolk; on the
banks of the Humber near Hull; at Bristol; and in Oxfordshire.

The Plant is Nardus stricta (Small Matweed.)

12 fe § 33
538.
NOTHUS BIPUNCTATUS.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharide.

Type of the Genus, Cantharis bipunctatus Fab.

Noruus Zieg., Dej., Meg., Curt.—Osphyra and Pelecina [7/.—(kde-
mera Lat.—Dryops? Sché.—Cantharis Fab.—Zonitis Meg.
Antenne longer than the head and thorax, filiform and slender,
inserted upon the internal margin of the eyes, clothed with short
bristly hairs, 11-jointed, basal joint the stoutest, clavate, 2nd
small ovate, 3rd and following long slender and subclavate, the
terminal joint subfusiform, being suddenly narrowed towards
the apex (6).

Labrum quadrate at the base with the angles produced and se-
mitransparent, semicircular before, ciliated and producing a few
long hairs (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate, externally hairy with a sharp and bifid
apex, the internal margin hollowed and filled with a broad mem-
brane, produced into a small lobe at the apex and ciliated (2).
Mazille minute, formed of 2 lobes, the internal one linear and
pubescent, especially at the apex, the external lobe much larger,
hook-shaped and very pilose. Palpi larger than the labial,
4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd long and stout, narrowed at
the base, 3rd obtrigonate, 4th very large and somewhat bowl-
shaped, but compressed and attached by the side (8).

Mentum small, semicircular. Lip rather large, membranous,
pubescent and cordate. Palpi attached to small scapes arising
from beneath the anterior margin of the mentum, triarticulate,
basal joint small and curved, 2nd longer and clavate, 3rd very
large pubescent and bowl-shaped (4).

Head suborbicular : eyes lateral prominent and reniform. Thorax sub-
orbicular or transverse-ovate, the sides a litile reflered : scutellum
semiovate. Elytra very long and elliptical. Wings ample. Legs
rather short: thighs incrassated in the male, especially the hinder
pair which are subovate, with a tooth beneath near the apex : tibiz
simple with minute spurs at the apex, the posterior thickened in the
male, with a notch on each side of the base, covered with amembrane,
the apex produced on the inside and forming a strong obtuse spine :
tarsi, 4 anterior 5-jointed, posterior 4-jointed, basal joint the longest,
especially in the hinder pair, penultimate bilobed, terminal clavate :
claws strong and trifid, the central claw being the longest (5 + hind
leg of male).

Bipuncratus Fab.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 277. 1.

Noruus was considered by Latreille to be related to the Cide-
merz, but it appears to me to be closely allied to Conopalpus
(Zonitis Brit. Ent. pl. 112.); and although Dejean has placed
them in different families with 3 or 4 tribes between them, I
expect they are sufficiently analogous to be received into the
same family, and this will be best shown by comparing the
dissections in pl. 112 with those of the one before us, when it
will be seen that the slight differences in the trophi cannot be
deemed more than generic: the tarsi are very similar, and the
claws considerably so, and it is merely in the absence of a joint

in the antennz im Conopalpus that any essential difference can
be detected ; and the only claim the Gidemere appear to have
to our genus arises from the male having its thighs incrassated.

The following are the descriptions of the specimens before
us; but great uncertainty exists respecting the species and their
sexes, and I am inclined to think that N. clavipes is the male:
the small dark insect in our plate being also a male, is probably
merely a variety of the same with simple posterior legs, and
the other insect figured (7. bipunctatus Fab.) I believe to be
the female of the same species, and this is rendered still more
probable by the varieties recorded in Schonherr.

A considerable number of both sexes have been taken within
the last few years, principally on the white-thorns when in
flower, in the vicinity of Monk’s Wood, and formerly at
Windsor, in May. I understand they stick so fast to the
bushes that they are detached with great difficulty, which may
be one reason of their being seldom seen. ‘The trifid claws
are well suited for catching hold, and the thickened hind legs
of N. clavipes are astonishingly strong and well adapted tor
holding fast: at the base of the tibize I observed a notch on
each side, covered by a membrane, most likely for the action
of muscles that draw the tibiz close to the underside of the
thigh, which with the little spine beneath it and the hook at
the apex would enable it to hold very fast to a leaf or branch,
and even in attempting to open these in a relaxed specimen, the
coxa was forced from the socket before I could accomplish it.
N. clavipes L//.—Schon. Syn. App. 3. p. 7.

Male piceous black with grey pubescence, thickly and minutely punctured;
mouth, 3 basal joints of antennz, entire margin of thorax and sometimes an
abbreviated line down the back, and external margin of elytra pale ferrugi-
nous ; sides and tips of the latter free from pubescence; base of thighs and
of tibize ferruginous, the former very much incrassated in the hinder pair and
the tibize hooked at the apex (fig. 5+); apex of abdomen orange beneath.
Gyllenhal describes a var. @. with the thighs entirely black.

Male smaller and similar, but the base of the thighs and tibize are ferru-
ginous-orange, the latter black at the base and the posterior legs are simple.
For the loan of this specimen (the right-hand figure in the plate) I am in-
debted to A. Matthews, Esq., who took it and another, which has ‘‘a slender

longitudinal yellow stripe on the thorax,” on the blossoms of the White-thorn,
at Weston-on-the-green, in May 1830.
N. bipunctatus Fab.--Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 538., left-hand figure.

Female tawny ochre, thickly and minutely punctured and clothed with
very short pubescence; antennz black, 3 basal joints head and thorax rufous;
eyes, 2 spots adjoining them on the crown of the head, 2 on the back of the
thorax and tips of the elytra black ; legs ochreous-orange, with a black spot
above at the apex of the thighs, and the posterior entirely black at the tips,
as well as the tibize; tarsi fuscous, anterior ochreous, penultimate joint and
tip of terminal one fuscous: pectus black, clothed with grey pubescence.

Gyllenhal also describes a “var. 6 with the elytra black,
the exterior margin pale”. Schén. Syn.

I think Mr. Matthews has taken N. bipunctatus, and last
summer Mr. G. A. Wright captured it at Scarborough, but
the specimen figured is from Mr. Shuckhara’s Cabinet.

The Plant is Gnaphalium rectum (Upright Cudweed).

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1}2.
ZONITIS TESTACEA.

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ORDER Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharidee Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Zonitis preusta Fub.

Zonit1s Fab., Lat., Panz. Melyris Oliv. Dasytes Schén.
Anienne inserted close to the anterior margin of the eyes, rather
long, pubescent, more compressed in the males than females ;
10-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd very minute, 3rd clavate-trun-
cate, 4th and following of the same form, but longer, terminal
joint elongate ovate (6).
Labrum very pilose, semicircular, produced at the posterior an-
Tes (1).
Mandibles small, corneous, at the apex, which is bifid, coriaceous
at the base which is dilated, with a large membranous lobe on
the internal edge, pubescent at the apex, external margin pi-
lose (2).
Mazille small, coriaceous, bilobed, internal lobe linear, very
hairy towards the apex, external membranous and hairy at the
apex. Palpi long and robust, pilose, 4-jointed, basal joint small,
2nd large subclavate, 3rd trigonate, 4th very large, elongate-
conic, pubescent (3).
Mentum pilose, quadrate, slightly dilated at the base. Palpi
large, hatchet-shaped, arising from 2 scapes with a small hairy
process between them, 3-jointed, Ist joint short, 2nd longer, in-
curved, clavate, 3rd large hairy, attached obliquely, having the
lower internal angle produced. Lip large membranous, pubes-
cent rounded, notched in the middle (4).

Head inflexed. Eyes vertical, not touching the thorax, kidney-shaped.
Thorax transverse, rounded very short beneath to receive the head,
Scutellum distinct. Coleoptra long, oval. Wings long. Tibie
simple long slender, with 2 spines at their apex. Tarsi of 4 anterior
legs 5-jointed, basal joint the longest, 2nd and 3rd short obtrigonate,
Ath bilobed (5): posterior 4-jointed, basal joint very long, 2nd ob-
trigonzte, 3rd bilobed (5*). Claws bidentate.

TestacEA Oliv. Entom. v. 2. 1.21. plate 3. fig. 15. a, b.
Ochraceous, minutely punctured, villose, shining. Head in-
clining to rufous. Eyes and apex of mandibles black. Antenne
black, excepting the 3 basal joints which are ochraceous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

THE opinion that has hitherto prevailed in this country, that
our insect belonged to Zeigler’s genus Nothus, cannot be main-

tained, since the incrassated posterior thighs of one sex and
the arcuated of the other, are characters that are wanting in .
the species under investigation. We have placed it with Zo-
nitis, as it agrees tolerably well with Latreille’s definition in his
Considérations Générales, page 215, where he has given &.pre-
usta Fab. as his type, and separated those species with length-
ened maxillee, which he there calls Nemognatha. When the
oral organs of the whole genus have been carefully examined,
it will probably be found expedient to form 2 divisions. The
antennee of our species are composed of 10 joints only, I be-
lieve, in both sexes; the remarkable form of the labial palpi
appears to be not uncommon amongst this and neighbouring
genera, but whether the singular form of the mandibles be
general I am not able to say for want of other species for dis-
section.

Although Mr. Stephens detected a solitary specimen of Zo-
nitis testacea in the cabinet of the late Mr. Marsham, it has
never before been recorded as a British insect, and its name
and economy were equally unknown.

During a visit to Dorsetshire in the autumn of 1820, I found
a larva in the decayed stump of a tree, which I gave to my
friend Mr. Dale, who discovered the beginning of the follow-
ing March, that it had changed to our insect ;—a valuable faét,
which proves its affinity in economy to the Gidemeride of La-
treille: we have since been favoured with specimens from
Mr. Bennet and Mr. Stone; and last year it occurred in some
abundance upon the oaks and white-thorns in the New Forest
the end of June and beginning of July.

In the British Museum there is a single unlabelled speci-
men of another species, of which we know neither the name
nor the history.

Vinca minor (the Less Periwinkle) is introduced in the
plate.

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590.

PYROCHROA COCCINEA.
The Cardinal Beetle.

7

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Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Pyrochroide.

Type of the Genus, Pyrochroa rubens Fab.

Pyrocuroa Geoff., Fab., Lat., Gyll., Curt-—Cantharis Linn.

Antenne inserted before the eyes, rather short, pectinated in-
ternally in the males, 11-jointed, basal joint elongate-ovate,
2nd short obovate, 3rd and 4th large somewhat obtrigonate,
the remainder of similar shape, with the internal apex consider-
ably produced in the males (6), apical joint the longest, slightly
clavate and curved.

Labrum transverse, semiorbicular, slightly emarginate and ci-
liated with hairs and bristles (1).

Mandibles broad, narrowed, curved and bifid at the apex, with
a leathery ciliated lobe on the inside (2).

Mazille small, the internal lobe a little falcate and cilated, the
other larger, ovate and very pubescent. Palpi porrected, rather
large, pubescent and 4-jointed, basal joint small, truncated ob-
liquely, 2nd long stout clavate and pilose, 3rd shorter and
hatchet-shaped, 4th as large as the 2nd compressed, somewhat
ovate-conic, narrowed at the base (3).

Mentum lunate. Lip rather elongated, subcordate, deeply cleft
and pubescent. Palpi short and slender, attached to large glo-
bose scapes at the base of the lip, composed of 3 oblong joints,
basal one a little the longest, 3rd rather the shortest, slightly
obtrigonate, being truncated (4).

Depressed. Head, trigonate, with a short narrow neck: eyes lateral,
oblique, kidney-shaped. Thorax transverse-ovate : scutellum small
and subtrigonate. Elytra very long and broad, a little dilated be-
yond the middle, the apex rounded. Wings veryample. Legs mo-
derate ; tibie slightly clavate, spurs very minute: tarsi 5, 5 and
4-jointed, basal joint rather the longest in the hinder pair (5+), 2nd
and 3rd obtrigonate, 4th cup-shaped and bilobed, Sth elongated,
slender and clavate : claws simple and curved (5, a fore leg).

Coccrnea Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 279. 2.
Shining black; upper side of thorax and elytra intense scarlet
and densely pubescent; a curved ferrugimous mark between
the eyes.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

From Ahrens’ observations published in Silbermann’s Revue,
we learn that the larvee of P. coccinea are found under the
bark of Birch-trees and in the trunks of decaying Oaks; some
are full grown in April, whilst others have not attained half

their size, and he concludes they are 3 years going through
their different metamorphoses ; they remain in the pupa state
14 days. The larva is depressed long and linear, of a pale
brownish ochre, the antenne are distinct, it has 6 pectoral
feet, and the apex is terminated by 2 recurved spines. The
pupa is similar in colour, but elongate-ovate, tapering towards
the tail.

The affinities of these beautiful insects seem difficult to de-
termine. Latreille in his Genera Crustaceorum placed Py-
rochroa between Calopus and Ripiphorus ; in his Considéra-
tions Générales its station is between Dendroides and Scraptia,
and in his two last works it connects the Lagridse and Mor-
dellida. Excepting the legs and ample elytra I can see little
affinity between Pyrochroa and Lagria, and the Mordellide
form a very distinct family, distinguished by biarticulate labial
palpi and attenuated elytra. ‘The trophi of Pyrochroa are
certainly most like those of Sitaris (pl. 340.), and it makes a
considerable approach to the Genus Pytho in habit.

Two species of Pyrochroa are found in England.

1. rubens Fab. Panz. 95. 5.—coccinea Don. 2. pl. 56.f. 1.
Shining black; head, excepting the eyes, and thorax, ex-
cepting the breast, scarlet; scutellum and elytra of the same
colour, the latter densely clothed with depressed pubescence.
Length 5 to 7 lines.

This, which is the rarest species on the Continent, is com-
mon in most parts of England. It has been taken in May and
June from Cumberland to Dorsetshire in hedges of White
Thorn, the flowers of which it inhabits. I think I found the
larva under the bark of an Oak-tree at Rougham last May ;
it was of a piceous colour, and my friend Mr. Clark of Thet-
ford showed me some of the beetles that were taken out of a —

block of wood.

2. coccinea Linn.—Curt. B. E. pl. 590. ?.—rubra Don. 11.
pl. 383.

This species is at once distinguished by its bright scarlet
colour, black head and scutellum. Mr. Dale and I have found
it occasionally the end of May and beginning of June on stumps
of trees in the sunshine in the New Forest; at Bexley, Birch,
and Darent Woods it has occurred as late as July I believe.

The Plant is Thymus Calamintha (Common Calamint).

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MELOE BREVICOLLIS.
The short-necked Oil-beetle.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharidee Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus, Meloe proscarabeus Linn.

Menor Linn., Fab., Cliv., Panz., Leach, &c.—Proscarabeus Geoff.
Antenne inserted between, and close to the interior margin of
the eyes, longer than the thorax, filiform or incrassated, some-
times irregular in form in the males, 11-jointed, basal and 3rd
joints of equal size, ovate, 2nd smaller, globose, 4th subglobose,
5th larger, cylindric, 6th inserted at the edge of the former,
large and compressed, 7th dilated and incurved, and from the
back-rises the 8th joint which is smaller and subglobose, as are
also the 9th and 10th, the terminal joint elongate-conic (6). In
the females the 4th and three following joints are sometimes
large and subovate-truncate (6 a).

Labrum thick, transverse, emarginate, pilose above, the anterior
angles rounded and producing curved bristles (1).

Mandibles large, strong and bent, with a slight shoulder above
and a deep notch below the apex, which is truncated ; a mem-
branous and ciliated lobe on the internal side with an obscure
tooth near the base (2).

Mazille corneous, terminal lobe articulated, lunulated and cili-
ated with curved bristles ; internal lobe coriaceous and densely
pubescent. Palpi rather long, subclavate 4-jointed, basal joint
small, 2nd rather the longest, clavate-truncate, 3rd ovate-trun-
cate, 4th subovate (3).

Mentum transverse-oval, narrowed and deflexed at the base.
Labium large, cordate, and pilose anteriorly. Palpi attached
near the lateral margins, subsecuriform, triarticulate, basal joint
minute, 2nd obtrigonate pilose, 3rd wedge-shaped (4).

Head suborbicular, vertical, as broad or broader than the head. Cly-
peus slightly produced. Eyes inclining to kidney shape. Thorax
quadrate or suborbicular. Scutellum none ? Elytra generally cover-
ing only a portion of the body, oval, crossing at the base, diverging
towards the aper. Wings none. Abdomen large, oblong, conical
and soft, especially in the females. Legs long robust and very hairy.
Tibie spurred, often shorter than the Tarsi which are densely pilose
beneath, and 5-jointed (5), the posterior pair 4-jointed (5*), the
basal joint being rather the longest. Claws long, each divided to
the base so as to form 4 distinct ungues.

Brevicouuis Panz. fase. 10. n.15.—Linn. Trans. v. 11. pl. 6. f. 9.
Male. Bluish-black. Antennz short, moniliform. Head broader
than the thorax, subtrigonate-ovate, coarsely punctured. Thorax
transverse oblong, broadest at the base, the angles rounded,
coarsely punctured, with a slight channel down the middle.
Elytra covering the body, rugose.

Female. Rather more inclining to blue, the head and thorax
sometimes tinged with green. Elytra not covering the body.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

TueEre still exists so much obscurity respecting the larve of
Meloe, that I can only give a sketch which will enable my
readers to search for themselves ; and it is very surprising that
no one in this country should have reared them from the eggs.

We learn from DeGeer that the eggs are oblong, of a pale
orange colour, and are deposited in the earth in a cluster in
May, and the larvee are hatched the month after. These ap-
pear to be parasitical on other insects, for he placed some flies
with them, and remarked that the larve attached themselves
in great numbers to the thorax of the Diptera, which speedily

perished. Bees also are subject to their attacks, and MM. Le-.

pelletier and Servile appear to have confirmed DeGeer re-
cently by breeding the same animals from the eggs of Meloe.
On the other hand Mr. Kirby is disposed to think that his Pe-
diculus Melitte (P. Apis Linn.?) is not the larva of Meloe;
and M. Leon Dufour has even formed them into a genus under
the name of Triungularis andrenetarum, and a figure of one
is given in the 13th volume of the “ Annales des Sciences
Naturelles.

Mr. W. S. Macleay, relying on the accuracy of DeGeer,
seems to regard these little animals as typical of the Thysanu-
riform larva, which marks one of his five great divisions of the
Coleoptera.

The following are our British species.

I. Antenne thickened and distorted in the middle.
1, M. violaceus Mar.—April, May, and June ; meadows and sunny banks,
feeding upon the stalks of chickweed and other plants.
2. M. proscarabeeus Linn.—vulgaris Ste.—Found with the last.
3. M. tectus Panz.—June, woods, Hampstead.
A, M. autumnalis Oliv.—glabratus Lea.—punctatus Mar.—End of August
and beginning of September, near Exmouth, Devon, Mr. Newman.

II. Antenne simple.

5. M. brevicollis Panz.—cephalotes Curt. mas.—April, meadows, Devon.
Taken also near Christchurch, Hants, by the Rev. T. Cooke, to
whom I am indebted for the male figured ; and beginning of May,
Windsor Forest, Mr. Alexander Griesbach.

6. M. cicatricosus Lea.—April and May. Grassy banks, Southend, Mar-

gate and Ramsgate.

. M. variegatus Don,—April and May. Feversham and Margate.

. M. punctatus Fad.—Tuccia Rossi.—rugosus Mar.—autumnalis Lea.—
August, Margate. Middle of October, on Syngenesious plants and
in a chalk-pit, and on a grassy bank 2nd April, at Ramsgate, Mr.
Hanson.

By consulting the British Museum cabinet, I find that Dr.
Leach has corrected an error that occurred in his Monograph
in the 11th volume of the Linnean Transactions (where the
species are all figured), and which misled me, when I lately
published the genus in the “ Guide,” at which time also I be-
lieved the insect figured to be a new species ; and it is so dif-
ferent in many respects to the Museum specimens, which are

1° Sli |

females I believe, that had it not been for an authentic Ger--

man one I should still have considered it to be distinct. The
plant is Cistus Helianthemum (Dwarf Cistus).

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CANTHARIS VESICATORIA.
The Blister-beetle or Spanish-fly.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharide.
Type of the Genus, Meloe vesicatorius Linn.
Cantuanris Geoff., DeGeer, Curt.—Meloe Linn.—Lytta Fab., Marsh.

Antenne inserted before the eyes at the base of the clypeus,
considerably longer than the head and thorax especially in the
males? filiform, naked, 11-jointed, 3 basal joints metallic, Ist
the longest and stoutest, pear-shaped, truncated obliquely, 2nd
small somewhat cup-shaped, the remainder thickly punctured,
elongate-ovate, the apical joint longer and ovate-conic (6).
Labrum exserted, transverse pocket-shaped, sides rounded and
bristly, anterior margin concave, coriaceous and bristly (1).
Mandibles strong, subtrigonate, blunt at the apex, a quadrate
notch on the inside at the middle, with an ovate fleshy lobe
covering it internally (2).

Mazille terminating in 2 large ciliated lobes. Palpi short stout
pubescent and 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd elongate-obovate,
3rd similar but shorter, 4th a little the longest and stoutest,
ovate-conic (3).

Mentum transverse-ovate, the base straight. Lip rather large,
subquadrate, coriaceous, the margin very pubescent. Palpi in-
serted on each side near the middle of the lip, clavate, triarti-
culate, basal joint minute, 2nd the longest, clavate, bristly out-
side, 3rd the broadest obovate (4).

Head large subcordate: eyes small lateral, remote from the base.
Thorax not larger than the head, transverse, narrowed at the base :
scutel subtrigonate. Elytra very long, linear and convex, the costa
slightly margined. Wings ample, the tips folded. Legs rather
long and stout, hinder the longest : tibize clavate, terminated by a
pair of spurs, short in the hinder, with one dilated (5+); tarsi
compressed, 5, 5 and 4-jointed, terminal joint as long as the basal,
except in the hinder: claws strong, hooked, bifid, being cleft to the
base ; (5 a fore, + a hind leg).

Vesicatoria Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 281. 1.
Bright green, sometimes golden or copper coloured; antenne,
excepting the 3 basal joints, dull black : head and thorax spa-
ringly punctured and slightly pubescent, the former with a
dorsal channel, the latter with several depressions : elytra finely
rugose, with 2 elevated lines on each: tarsi blackish.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

CANTHARIS VESICATORLIA is not only a handsome but a useful
beetle, being invaluable for its medicinal and vesicatory pro-
perties when employed as a stimulant or to produce blisters ;
for these purposes it is collected in Spain for exportation, and
is an important article of commerce. In visiting the South of
France where two species of the curious and beautiful Cero-
coma were abundant, also Lpicauta verticals, Ill., and six or
seven species of Mylabres, I expected frequently to meet with
C. vesicatoria, but I found only one specimen and Mr. Walker
took 2 or 3 others. In England it is reckoned a rare insect,
yet occasionally it makes its appearance in vast quantities.
The following extract from Drury’s Illustrations of Nat. Hist.
will show that its visits were at remote periods in his time:
‘‘ T have seen,” he says, ‘‘in the cabinet of a very curious lady,
sister to Ralph Willet, Esq. of Dean Street, Soho, not less than
40 of this species (the Spanish-fly), being taken near his seat at
Morley Place near Wimbourne in Dorsetshire, where she
informed me they were found in great plenty during the month
of June or July, frequenting the privet-trees. I have also found
them in the environs of London, but not plentifully.”

I remember five or six specimens having been taken in and
near Norwich about twenty years since, and Mr. T. Desvignes
tells me that a very great number were found in a wood near
that city last year, when it seems to have made its appearance
in many parts of the kingdom, specimens being found near
Christchurch in Hampshire and Colchester in Essex by
Dr. Maclean, who gave me a beautiful example more tinged
with copper than our British specimens usually are; I am also
indebted to Mr. L. Brock for a very fine series, varying
greatly in size, selected from several hundreds found feeding
on the Weeping-ash, I believe in the same neighbourhood.
Linnzus says that C. vesicatoria inhabits the Privet, Ash,
Elder, Lilac, and Honey-suckle, upon the leaves of which it
feeds. The larva live in the earth and eat the roots of plants.

In the 9th vol. of the Annales du Musée is an admirable
memoir by M. Audouin, upon the anatomy, &c. of this valu-
able beetle.

The Plant is Hippocrepis comosa, Tufted Horse-shoe Vetch.

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Seats
382.

LYMEXYLON NAVALE.

OrpvER Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharide.
Type of the Genus, Cantharis navalis Linn.

Lymexyton Fab., Oliv., Panz., Lat., Curt——Pterophorus Herb.—
Cantharis Linn.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, rather short very pilose and
11-jointed : male with the basal joint curved, 2nd globose, 3rd
shorter and slenderer than the 4th which is as long as the Ist, the
remainder subovate-truncate, slightly decreasing in length to the
last, which is a little the longest and sub-conic (6): rather
stouter in the female, especially towards the middle, the 3 basal
joints being slenderer than the following, the apical one suddenly
narrowed from the middle to the apex (62).
Labrum transverse-oval, slightly produced in the centre, pilose
and ciliated with bristles (1).
Mandibles trigonate, acute, externally pilose, with a small mem-
branous and pubescent margin on the inside (2): sinuated on
the inside in the female, with a membranous pubescent lobe at
the middle (29).
Mazxille very minute (3 a, the base) terminated by a rounded
and pilose lobe, with a narrower one on the inside (b). Palpi
very large, 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd large funnel-
shaped, receiving and concealing the basal portion of the 3rd,
which produces several large branched appendages, cylindric
and wrinkled, clothed with short hairs externally, with very long
internally, 4th joint rather small and conical (c): robust and
pilose in the female, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd large, sub-
obtrigonate, 3rd cup-shaped, 4th larger than the 2nd ovate-
truncate (32).
Mentum very small oblong. Lip short. Palpi pilose, apparently
attached to scapes, triarticulate, basal joint minute, 3rd the
largest, globose-ovate (4). Palpi remote in the female, basal
joint small, 2nd not quite so stout as the apical one which is
ovate. Lip subtrigonate, the angles rounded and pubescent (4 9 ).
Male much smaller than the female. Head vertical, suborbicular : neck
short. Eyes rather small, prominent and pubescent. Thorax small
oblong, semicylindric. Scutellum rounded. Elytra narrow, subulate,
dwaricating at the apex and shorter than the body. Wings rather
ample. Abdomen very long, linear, depressed and ovate at the apex,
the female having the ovipositor sometimes exserted. Legs slender.
Thighs compressed, rather short and broad. ‘Tibi simple. Tarsi
5-jointed, anterior the shortest, basal joint longer than the 2nd and
following, which are very pubescent beneath, 5th the longest and
slender ; in the other feet, the basal joint is the longest. Claws
small and acute (5).

Navarre Linn. Faun. Suec. 204, 718.—Panz. 22. 5. fem.—flavipes
Fab. mas.— Panz. 22.6. Curtis’s Guide, Gen. 276?, 1.

In the Cabinet of Mr. J. H. Griesbach.

Cy

Tue genus Lymexylon is one of those types of form, the
natural location of which it is difficult to determine. _ Its soft
texture, the drooping head and small thorax, as well as the
antennz which are generally thickest in the middle, severally
offer strong resemblances to Sitaris, Cantharis, &c., but the
5-jointed tarsi have induced M. Latreille to place it between
the Cleridz and Ptinide.

One of the most remarkable circumstances however is the
great difference in the structure of the trophi in the sexes :
the mandibles are dissimilar, and the internal lobe (which in-
duced me to arrange Lymexylon with the Cantharidz) is more
developed in the female; in this sex the labial palpi are remote,
and the lip ofa different form to that of the male, but the most
striking dissimilarity exists in the maxillary palpi, which are
simple in the female, but branched like coral in the male. I
believe their curious structure has never before been correctly
represented or described: in our Plate fig. 3 a, is the base of
the maxilla, 6 the two terminal lobes, and ¢ is placed at the
base of the palpus.

There is little doubt, I think, that the palpi or feelers are
in most instances for retaining the food whilst the insect tears
it to pieces and masticates it; but to say why the male should
be enabled to do this in a better or different way to the female,
if their food be the same, is at present a mystery.

The larvze of the Lymexylons feed upon timber, especially
the oak, which they perforate and destroy. ‘Turton has re-
corded our species as British, but no authentic specimen was
known until the female figured was taken by Mr. J. H. Gries-
bach in Windsor forest on an oak-tree in July 1829, and I am
indebted to him for the loan of it. It is said to be rare in
France and common in the north of Europe; it is therefore
probable that other specimens may be detected in this country.

L. navale Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 382.

Female shining, thickly and minutely punctured, clothed
with very short pubescence, ochreous ; antennze brown subfu-_
siform: palpi ochreous: head black, strongly and very thickly
punctured: thorax rufous, subovate: elytra piceous towards
their tips, the same colour extending along the lateral margin
nearly to the shoulders, each elytron with two obscure longi-
tudinal elevated lines: wings deep fuscous, iridescent: abdo-
men inclining to orange at the apex, the penultimate joint
blackish, margined with orange, a stripe of the same colour
down the centre and one on each side.

Male smaller and black, antenne brown: elytra dark fus-
cous, the base ferruginous: abdomen slightly ochreous at the
apex: legs ochreous, tarsi fuscous: the shorter line in the
Plate shows the length of a male I received from Germany.

The Plant is Orobanche cerulea (Purple Broom-rape).

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OrbeER Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharide ?

Hyurce@tus Lat., Dej., Curt.—Lymexylon Fab.—Cantharis Linn. 9 .
—Meloe Linn. g.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, a little longer than the head,
pubescent, compressed, slightly serrated, not much longer than
the head, 11-jomted, basal joint obovate, 2nd the smallest sub-
globose, 3rd the longest in the male (6), the remainder obtri-
gonate, the 6th and following a little produced on the inside,
apical joint almost as long as the 3rd, ovate-conic : rather shorter
and stouter in the female and tapering to the base and apex
(6 2), 3rd joint obovate-truncate.
Labrum exserted, small, transverse, the sides rounded, the centre
slightly produced, the margin ciliated (1).
Mandibles short, trigonate, hairy outside, slightly bidentate at
the apex with a minute notch on the inside (2).
Maville small, with an acuminated lobe on the inside and an
ovate one at the apex, both ciliated. Palpi very large in the
male (3), 4-jointed, basal joint minute obtrigonate, 2nd more
cup-shaped, 3rd large, irregularly cup-shaped, with a large
double series of simple filaments united like ribs and inserted
on the outside at the base: simple in the female ( ? 4), basal
joint minute, 2nd elongated, clavate, 3rd subovate, 4th oblong
compressed.
Mentum minute subquadrate. Lip as large as the mentum.
Palpi very much smaller than the maxillary in both sexes, yet
much longer than the lip (4), pubescent, triarticulate, basal
joint subovate, 2nd cup-shaped, 3rd a little the largest and sub-
ovate, oblong in the female.

Head orbicular slightly nutant : eyes small globose and lateral. ‘Thorax
transverse, a little narrowed before: scutel subtrigonate truncate.
Elytra very long and linear, nearly covering the abdomen. Wings
ample. Legs moderate, slender : tibiz, anterior rather the shortest
and stoutest, hinder with very minute spurs : tarsi rather long, slender
and 5-jointed, basal joint long, the following decreasing in length,
the apical joint longer : claws curved acute (5, a fore leq).

Dermestorpes Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 281°. 2nd edit.—Marci
Linn.—proboscideum Fab. ?
Pubescent, shining, minutely punctured ; elytra with 4 indistinct,
slightly elevated lines down each. Male black, the antenne
brown, legs ochreous; or with the elytra ferruginous and the
apex fuscous. Female bright and deep ochreous: eyes black ;
antenne fuscous, except at the base; breast and base of abdo-
men fuscous.

In the Cabinets of Mr. T. Desvignes, Mr. Shuckard, and the Author.

F/

Tuer males of this remarkable insect, like those of Lymeaylon
(pl. 382), are characterized by large and extraordinary palpi,
and the great length of the elytra renders it unnecessary for the
wings to be folded, or at most only at the apex ; but although
they agree in these respects, the serrated antennz of the ge-
nus before us will enable the student to distinguish it from:
Lymexylon.

I have on a former occasion given my reasons for placing
these insects with the Cantharida:, but at the same time if na-
tural affinities could be found amongst the Pentamera I should
prefer associating them with that tribe. Latreille places Hy-
leceetus, Lymexylon, and Atractocerus between Malachius and
Tillus, and the Baron Dejean between the Clerid@e and the
Ptinide. These are all timber-feeding genera, and the Hy-
lecceti seem to be attached to the birch.

H. dermestoides, although stated by Latreille to inhabit this
country, and recorded by Stewart as being found in old neg=
lected woods, was not considered an indigenous species until
last year, when Mr. Thomas Desvignes took six males and one
female on the Ist of May in Sherwood Forest, Nottingham-
shire, in that portion called Birkland Wood, near Ollerton. It
was about noon that he saw them flying round one of the old
Birch-trees, upon which they alighted and then ran quickly up
and down the bark. The only female he found was of a bright
ochreous colour; several of the males had somewhat ferrugi-
nous elytra with their apex fuscous, like the one represented
in the plate ; but he took two entirely black, excepting the legs,
one of which he obligingly added to my Cabinet.

The Plant is Actaa spicata, Herb Christopher, from spe-
cimens which Mr. T. Howson showed me growing at Mal-
ham Cove, Yorkshire.

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ANTHICUS TIBIALIS.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharide or Anthicide.
Type of the Genus, Meloe Antherinus Linn.

Antuicus Fab., Payk., Curt.—Notoxus Jil., Lat.—Lytta Mars.—
Meloe Linn.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, on each side of the clypeus, as
long as the head and thorax, pubescent and pilose, a little thick-
ened towards the apex, 11-jointed, basal joint the stoutest and
oval, 2nd the slenderest, short and obovate, 5 following shorter
than the Ist; elliptic-truncate, 8th, 9th and 10th more ovate-
quadrate, 11th as long as the Ist; apex conical (6).
Labrum transverse-ovate, anterior margin slightly concave and
pubescent, surrounded by long hairs (1).
Mandibles trigonate, the apex acute and bifid; a narrow mem-
branous margin on a portion of the inside, with a quadrate notch
below the middle (2).
Mazille small, terminating in 2 short, densely hairy lobes, outer
one the largest and ovate. /Palpi large and securiform, pube-
scent and 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd long, sublinear, 3rd
short and cleaver-shaped with a long bristle on the inside, 4th
very large and ax-shaped, the apex thickened (3).
Mentum corset-shaped. Palpi short, attached to short scapes,
biarticulate, basal joint somewhat obovate, 2nd longer broad
and ovate (4).

Head orbicular-quadrate, attached by a distinct neck, the clypeus nar-
rowed: eyes rather small, prominent and lateral. Thorax not broader
than the head, obovate-cordate : scutel minute. Elytra twice as broad
as the thorax, and 4 times as long, elongate-ovate, not covering the
apex of the abdomen. Wings ample. Legs rather short : trochan-
ters, anterior with a tubercle, hinder with a tooth beneath: thighs,
anterior short and stout, hinder narrower and compressed : tibie
with minute spurs, hinder the longest, sometimes dilated at the apex :
tarsi 5,5 and 4-jointed, basal joint short in the anterior (5), the 2nd
and 3rd shorter and obcordate, 4th bilobed, 5th clavate and the long-
est ; basal joint very long in the hinder (+), 2nd as long as the ter-
minal, the 3rd bilobed: claws small and acute.

Tisrauis Curt. Mss. — Guide, Gen. 283.

Shining piceous with a bluish tinge, firmly punctured, base of
head and thorax castaneous-red, excepting the fore part of the
latter: elytra with ochreous pubescence, the base sometimes
castaneous: mouth antenne and legs fulvous, thighs pitchy-
chestnut ; hinder tibiz dilated towards the extremity, which is
concave internally and ochreous, as well as the base, the middle
being black.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Spence, Mr. Rudd, and the Author.

THE simple form of the thorax distinguishes this group from
Notoxus; and the proportions of the labial palpi, the 3rd
joint of which is not cup-shaped, as well as the tarsi, are very
different to those of Xylophilus, fol. 299.

The Anthici are lively little beetles, that are generally found
in warm and sheltered situations; but in the South of France
I observed several pretty species much smaller than ours, run-
ning up the trunks of trees. The following are native species.
1. Antherinus Linn.—Panz. 11. 14.

June, on flowers at Hertford: rare at Earsham in Norfolk,
May, in great abundance under rejectamenta at Tollsbury,
Essex, J. C.: May, June, and July, on mud, Glanville’s Woot-
ton and Puddimore, Somerset, and Thorne Moor, Yorkshire,
Mr. Dale: very abundant under rejectamenta, Isle of Wight,
Rev. G. T. Rudd.

2. quadrinotatus Gy/. 2. 498, 8.

‘¢ Captured within the metropolitan district in June.”
3. ater Payk.—Panz. 31.15.

April, Southend; and 13th May several under stones near
the Chesil-bank, Portland, J. C.; and in June, Mr. Dale.
4. fuscus Mars.—floralis Panz. 23. 5.

Very abundant from April to November on dunghills, hot-
beds, and under rejectamenta; Mr. Dale generally meets with
it flying.

5. floralis Zinn.—formicarius Oliv.

May, flowers in gardens; beginning of August on Trifolium.
6. equestris Panz. 74. 8.

«¢ June, near London and in Devon, as well as the next.”
7. gracilis Kug.—Panz. 38.21.

8. angustatus Curt.—humilis of Ahrens is a different species. |

Elongated and narrow, the thorax obovate ; mouse-colour-
ed, with ochreous pubescence, thickly and rather strongly
punctured; back of head and thorax bright rufous when alive,
disc of the latter afterwards fuscous; antennez and legs ochre-
ous-chestnut, underside partaking of the same colour: length
1 line.

I found two in September floating in a rill running down
the Cliff, at Blackgang Chine.

9. constrictus Rudd’s Mss.

Shining piceous, firmly punctured; thorax compressed be-
hind, with a transverse channel; elytra finely pubescent, with
a castaneous line at the apex, sometimes with a bright ferru-
ginous spot divided by the suture; mouth, antenne: and legs
fulvous; apex of former sometimes fuscous ; middle of thighs
and hinder tibize piceous; 13 line.

June and August, under rejectamenta near Ryde, Rev.
G. T. Rudd.

10. tibialis Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 714.

Mr. R. H. Spence first gave me this very distinct species,
which he took under rejectamenta near Netley in October ;
and Mr. Rudd has taken it near Ryde in June.

I am indebted to T.C. Heysham, Esq., for Oxyria reniformis
(Rumex digynus), Mountain Sorrel, who sent it from Borrow-.
dale.

IIA ln a PETER OE

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X

XYLOPHILUS OCULATUS.

OrbeErR Coleoptera. Fam. Cantharide Curt. Anthicides
Lat.

Type of the Genus, Anthicus oculatus Payk.

Xyztopuitus Bon., Lat.—Aderus West., Step.—Anthicus Fab., Payk.,
Gyl.—Notoxus Panz.—Lytta Marsh—Cerambyx DeG.
Antenne of the male (6), inserted below the eyes, as long or
longer than the body, very pilose, filiform, 11-jointed, basal
joint the shortest, excepting the 2nd which is quadrate, the re-
mainder of equal length, somewhat funnel-shaped, truncate at
both ends, having a serrated appearance when curved, terminal
joint very long, dilated a little and acuminated at the apex :
those of the female (6a), inserted close to the internal margin
of the eyes, half the length of the body, slightly incrassated to-
wards the extremity, the joints more or less cup-shaped, the
terminal one elongate-ovate.

Labrum semiorbicular, sparingly clothed with hairs (1).
Mandibles bifid at the apex, pilose externally, with the internal
margin membranous and transparent (2).

Maxille small, terminated by a semilunar pubescent lobe, with
a small linear one on the inside, having a fascicle of curved
bristles at the apex. Palpi very long, 4-jointed, basal joint
slender and curved, 2nd long and subclavate, 3rd pilose sub-
ovate, 4th very large, somewhat cup-shaped, pilose, truncated
and spongy at the extremity (3).

Mentum transverse, the angles rounded. Lip rather long and
membranous, dilated and pilose at the apex. Palpi inserted
near the middle, contiguous, triarticulate, basal joint minute,
2nd small obovate, 3rd large cup-shaped, the apex truncated,
spongy and pilose (4).

Eyes very large and coarsely granulated, especially in the male, in
which sex they approximate in front. Thorax semioval, narrower
than the head. Scutellum minute. Elytra twice as broad as the
thorax, elongate-ovate, somewhat depressed towards the base. Wings
very ample, Legs slender. Thighs; hinder pair incrassated. Tibi
spurred. Tarsi; 4 anterior 5-jointed, basal joint long, 2nd and 3rd
lobed internally, 4th minute, forming the base of the 5th which is
clavate (5); basal joint very long and strongly ciliated beneath in the
middle pair (5*) ; posterior pair 4-jointed, basal joint very long, 2nd
lobed internally, 3rd very minute, 4th clavate (5+). Claws simple.

Ocuratus Payk.— Gyl. 2, 501, 11.—nigricollis Marsh. fem.
Male : Castaneous, shining, clothed with yellowish pubescence.
Head and thorax black punctured, the latter with a transverse
impression towards the base. Elytra linear, rounded at the apex,
coarsely and irregularly punctured. ‘Trophi, Antenne and 4

anterior legs ochreous-ferruginous. Female: Elytra elongate
ovate.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Griesbach, Mr. Walker, and the Author.

LarreILve in his “ Familles Naturelles” has stated that dn-

thicus populneus is the type of Bonelli’s genus Xylophilus ;

and that insect being unknown to me when my “ Guide” was

printed, the little group to which it belongs, there formed a

part of the genus Anthicus.

In the trophi, Xylophilus so closely resembles Conopalpus
(pl. 112), that it is evident they belong to the same family:
the antennze, however, are eleven-jointed in the former; and
the penultimate joint of the tarsi, which Latreille did not de-
tect, is very minute instead of being bilobed.

To complete the genus I shall describe the other two spe-
cies that inhabit Britain, but the second I do not possess.

1. X. Populneus Fab.—Panz. 35. 4.—Gyl. 2. 500. 10.
Antennze with the 2nd and 3rd joints subglobose, tes-
taceo-ferruginous, very finely and obscurely punctured,
clothed with a fine silky pubescence ; head sometimes

blackish ; base of elytra and a fascia in the middle, |

denuded of pubescence.

This insect receives its name from living beneath the bark
of poplars: but Mr. F. Walker has found specimens at South-
gate upon the leaves of elm-trees in summer, and in the winter
in an old oak, as well as under the bark of a horse-chesnut-
tree; and to his kindness I am indebted for the sexes.

2. X. pygmeeus DeG.—Gyl. 2. 502. 12.—ferrugineus Payk.
—melanocephalus Panz. 35. 5.—Boleti Mar. p. 486.
Fusco-testaceous, distinctly punctured, finely pubes-
cent; antennee elytra and feet paler, thorax short,
transversely impressed. Gy/.

DeGeer found it in woods in June. Marsham says it in-
habits Boletus vetulinus, and that the larvee and imago were
living together.

3. X. oculatus Payk.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 299, mas.

Mr. J. H. and Mr. Alexander Griesbach have liberally
presented me with specimens of this rare insect, which they
took off willows near Windsor last July. Mr. Kirby, I believe,
has met with it in Suffolk, and Mr. Walker has found it at
Southgate upon a lime-tree.

The plant is Scleranthus annuus (Annual Knawel).

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646.
PTINUS SEXPUNCTATUS.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Ptinide.
Type of the Genus, Ptinus Fur Linn.
Prinus Linn., Fab., Curt., &c.

Antenne as long or longer than the body in the male, shorter
and stouter in the female, inserted near the middle of the face,
approximating, rather stout, filiform, hairy and 11-jointed, basal
joint stout and ovate, 2nd small, pear-shaped, 3rd not longer
than the 1st, the remainder long and linear, terminal joint coni-
cal at the apex (6).

Labrum suborbicular, a little narrowed before, slightly emargi-
nate and densely ciliated with long hairs (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate, convex and hairy outside, the apex
acute with a short tooth on the inside, beneath which the mar-
gin is ciliated (2).

Mazille with an obtuse spine at the insertion of the palpi, apex
terminating in 2 rounded lobes densely ciliated. Palpi rather
long clavate pubescent and 4-jointed, basal joint long and slen-
der, 2nd and 38rd stouter, of equal length, the former obovate,
the latter truncated, 4th equal in length to all the others, very
stout and subfusiform, the apex rounded (3).

Mentum somewhat semicircular. Lip elongated, dilated and
ciliated in front. Palpi attached to the ceutre of the anterior
margin, short stout and triarticulate, basal joint long slender
and curved, 2nd obtrigonate, 3rd large and pyriform (4).

Head very short and nutant : eyes small lateral and prominent. Thorax
gibbose, subglobose, constricted near the base and projecting over the
head: scutel small and orbicular. Elytra long and oval: wings
very long. Legs moderate: thighs clavate: tibie rather long and
slender : tarsi longish, 5-jointed, basal joint the longest, 4th the
smallest, 5th clavate: claws smail. (5, a hind leg.)

Sexpunctatus Fab.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 284. 5.
Female, castaneous brown: antenne and legs clothed with
ochreous scales, base of head and scutel with whitish scales :
thorax with a tubercle on each side, but not channelled, rugose
with punctures, having also short ochreous hairs: elytra with
10 lines of oblong punctures and rows of smaller punctures be-
tween them producing short hairs; a large sublunate white spot
on each side towards the shoulders and another near the apex,
divided and forming a small and large spot.

In the Author's Cabinet.

PTINUS is frequently a most destructive insect in houses,
iving in wood and furniture, and occasionally causing serious
nischief in museums.

oY

Two allied genera, Mezium and Gibbium, have been already 4
illustrated in this Work, and they are so well characterized by —
their connate elytra and indistinct scutels that I need only
refer to Plates 232 and 342, where they are represented. The
following are our species of the genus Péinus. i
1. imperialis Linn.—Panz. 5. '7.—Sam. pl. 1. f. 6.

June, hedges, Darent and Birch Woods, and on paling in
the spring in Norfolk and Suffolk, J. C. On White-thorn
blossoms, end of May, Mr. Dale, and Coomb Wood, J. C.;
near Bristol, Mr. Waring; near Burgh Castle, Mr. Paget.

2. germanus Linn.—Oliv. v. 2. no. 17. pl. 1. f. 6.

June, on old posts, Carrow Abbey near Norwich, and Bun-
gay, Suffolk, J. C.; Swansea, Mr. Dillwyn.

3: rufipes Fab.—Oliv. pl. 2. f. 8.—elegans Fab. ?.

May, hedges.
4. sex-punctatus Fab.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 646. 9 .—Muse-

orum Leach. i

This handsome species is at once distinguished from the fol-
lowing by the form of the thorax, which is not channelled: it
is of adark chocolate colour, the crown of the head is distinctly —
whitish, and the white spots on the elytra are dissimilar.

The only specimen I have seen I took many years since in
Norfolk, but Mr. Dale thinks he captured one at Furleigh near —
Beaminster the end of June; May, Edinburgh, Dr. Leach.
5. Fur Linn.—Don. ». 12. pl. 422.—testaceus Mars. .—cla-—

vipes Panz. 99. 4.—Latro Fab.

September and the winter months, common in houses every-
where.

6. crenatus Fab.—ovatus Mars.—Cerevisiz Mars. ? —testa-
ceus Oliv.? pl. 2. f. 9.

April and August, houses, Norfolk, Hurne and Glanville’s
Wootton.

7. Lichenum Mars. 89. 26.—similis Mars. 90. 30. 9 .—bidens
Oliv. pl. 2. f. 10.

May, Thetford, and in old houses at Drayton, in Norfolk. I
have frequently taken both sexes in May on old paling at
Wandsworth, but I could only find the males in the middle of
June. ;

For specimens of the rare Plant figured, Veronica hybrida,
Welch Speedwell, I am indebted to W. C. Hewitson, Esq.,
who gathered them the end of last August on St. Vincent's
Rocks near Bristol.

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MEZIUM SULCATUM.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Ptinidee Leach. Ptiniores Lat.
Type of the Genus Ptinus sulcatus Fab.

Mezium Leach MSS, Sam.—Ptinus Fab., Marsh., Gmel.

Antenne inserted in the middle of the face, nearly as long as the
body, approximating, straight, robust nearly filiform and densely
clothed with depressed scales ;_ 11-jointed, basal joint the longest
slightly clavate, the 9 following somewhat cup-shaped, slightly
tapering, the 11th joint a little longer, acuminated obliquely (6).
Labrum transverse, slightly dilated at the base, anterior angles
rounded, deeply emarginate and densely ciliated (1).

Mandibles short, subtrigonate, acute at the apex, producing a
blunt tooth on the internal side (2).

Mazille small producing 2 lobes densely clothed with hair, the
internal one larger than the external, which projects considerably
beyond it. Palpi short, 4-jointed, basal joint curved, 2nd and
3rd subtrapezoid, 4th long subovate, and terminated by a ve-
sicle (3).

Mentum pilose trigonate, anterior angle truncated and produced
over the Labium which is membranous and subovate, the margin
thickened. Palpi inserted near the middle of the labium, short
and robust, triarticulate, basal joint very slender, 2nd subglobose,
3rd conical (4).

Head very short, nearly concealed. Eyes extremely minute touching
the Thorax which is cylindric, very pubescent and not broadest at the
base. Scutellum none. Elytra connate, globose smooth and semi-
transparent. Wings none. Legs rather long, densely covered with
scales ; thighs clavate ; tibie simple; tarsi composed of 5 short joints.
Claws minute (5, a fore leg).

Suucarum Fab. Ent. Syst.1. pars 1. p. 241. .11. Marsh. Ent. Brit.
91. 32.
Clothed with shining ochreous scales. Thorax with a deep chan-
nel in the middle and a shallower one on each side forming 2
elevated ridges down the back, producing longer scales; the
posterior margin thickened like a cord, Elytra globular, cas-
taneous and polished, having a few ochreous bristles only at the

base.
In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Tue thorax of our insect gives it the appearance of a true
Ptinus, whilst the shining and globose elytra very much re-
semble those of Gibbium; it is therefore evidently interme-
diate between those genera. I am happy to be the first who
has ever characterized the genus Mezium, or figured the spe-
cies: it seems to be unknown upon the Continent, for it neither
appears in the catalogues of the Baron Dejean nor of M.
Sturm. In London it is not uncommon, being found in houses
generally about the month of April, frequently coming out of
the old paper on the walls of the rooms, or falling from the
ceiling: whether it destroys the laths, feeds upon the paper, —
or the paste by which it is attached, has not I believe been
ascertained.

Fabricius states that it inhabited dried plants from the Ca-
nary Isles. The males are smaller than the females, and not
elongated as in the genus Ptinus.

For fine specimens of this insect I have to acknowledge my
obligations to A. H. Davis, Esq., to whose liberal communi-
cations I am indebted for much valuable information.

The plant represented in the Plate is Ornithopus perpusillus
(Common Bird’s-Foot).

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342.
GIBBIUM SCOTIAS.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Ptinidee Leach.
Type of the Genus, Ptinus Scotias Fab.

Grssium Scop., Lat., Curt.—Scotias Czenpinski.—Ptinus Fab., Oliv.,
Gmel.—Bruchus Geoff:
Antenne inserted before the eyes, approximating, porrected,
nearly as long as the body setaceous, densely clothed with long
pubescence, | ]-jointed, basal joint robust subovate, 2nd and 3rd
slender of equal length, as long as the Ist, subclavate, the re-
mainder shorter, excepting the terminal joint which is the longest
and somewhat conical (6). ;
Labrum suborbicular, deeply emarginate before, and thickly
clothed with long curved hairs (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, arched and a little pilose externally,
producing an obtuse tooth on the inside, the margin below being
pilose and pubescent (2).
Maczille bilobed, internal lobe elongate, external short, both
densely clothed with pubescence and furnished with curved spines
at the margin. Palpi 4-jointed, basal joint slender, long and
curved at the base, 2nd and 3rd obovate, 4th rather longer than
the Ist, attenuated to the apex, which has a vesicle (3).
Mentum smail, subtrigonate, very pilose, broadest at the base
and attenuated to the apex which is rounded. Labium projecting
considerably beyond the mentum, very pubescent subcordate,
the sides lobed. Palpi attached near the anterior margin, tri-
articulate, pubescent, basal joint short and slender, 2nd obovate,

_ 3rd larger elongate-ovate (4).

Head not very short, nutant. Eyes small, not prominent, placed on
each side the crown of the head near the Thorax which is smooth,
circular, broadest at the base, longest above, anterior margin nearly
straight, posterior conver. Scutellum none. Elytra connate, ovate,
nearly enclosing the body beneath. Wings none. Abdomen very

~ small. Legs rather long, especially the hinder pair: coxe long, par-
ticularly the posterior : thighs clavate - tibiz incrassated at the apex,
hinder pair the longest > tarsi composed of 5 short joints, nearly ob-
trigonate, excepting the apical one which is subovate: claws minute
(5+, a hind leg).

Scorias Oliv. v. 2. no. 17. pl.1. f. 2. Panz.5.8. Curtis's Guide,
Gen. 286.—apterus Gmel.
Chestnut colour, smooth, shining. Head black, sides with a few
elevated lines: clypeus and mouth clothed with ochreous pu-
bescence : antenne and legs densely clothed with ochraceous
scaly pubescence.
Obs. The continental specimens are larger and of a ferruginous
ochre colour.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Wailes, the Author, &c..

GippruM Scotias may be mistaken at first sight for Mezium
sulcatum ; but the skilful entomologist will soon discover that
it has a smooth and shining thorax, and instead of being gib-
bous, the outline is continuous with that of the elytra, which
are obliquely truncated at the base. The small eyes are placed
further from the antennze in our genus than in Mezium, and
the singular shining and semitransparent horny elytra are
slightly elongated.

The antennz of both genera are so thickly clothed with
scales, that they appear to be robust, but they taper con-
siderably in Gibbium. ‘The principal differences in the trophi
are to be found in the labrum and labium, in the length of the
palpi, and in the maxillze, which are furnished with longer
and more curved spiny bristles than in Mezium.

*“‘ Nothing,” says Geoffroy, “is more singular, for the form,
than this little insect: it resembles a brown and shining globe,
carried upon feet; its head forming only a little point on one
side. The head is very small, and there arise from it antennze
almost as long as the body, and placed before the eyes, which
are very minute. ‘The thorax is broad and very short. The
elytra are convex, smooth, polished, and of a chestnut colour :
they meet and are united, and moreover they envelope a great
portion of the underside of the body, so that the insect is quite
clothed with a cuirass. Under these united and immoveable
elytra there are no wings. Its antenne and feet are a little
hairy, and of a light colour. The rest of the body is brown
and shining.”

Until within a few years, this curious insect was considered
to inhabit houses and museums in the south of Europe only ;
but from Mr. Samouelle we learn that ‘it has been three
times taken in Bristol,” in April: and it has lately been de-
tected at Newcastle by George Wailes, Esq., to whom I am
indebted for specimens and the following memorandum :— I
take these insects in a very dry closet, and think, from the
exuviee of the larvee I have found, that they subsist either
upon the paper with which the closet is hung, or the paste
that attaches it to the wall.” In France it is also found in
old hay.

The plant is Clematis Vitalba (‘Traveller’s Joy).

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SERROCERUS PECTINATUS.

OrveErR Coleoptera. Fam. Ptinidee.

Type of the Genus, Ptilinus pectinatus Fab.

roceRuS Kugel., Gyl.,Curt.—Xyletinus Lat., Dey.—Ptilinus Fab.,
Panz., Gyl.—Dermestes Mars.
Antenne nearly alike in both sexes, inserted before the eyes at
the base of the mandibles, a little longer than the thorax, beneath
which they are concealed when at rest, compressed, pubescent,
11-jointed, basal joint clavate, 2nd the smallest, subglobose, the
remainder obtrigonate, being produced at the apex on the inside,
excepting the terminal joint which is the longest and elliptical (6).
Labrum suborbicular, truncated anteriorly and ciliated (1),
Mandibles subtrigonate, dilated and rounded externally at the
base, furnished with 3 teeth on the inside, at the apex (2).
Mazxille terminated by 2 lobes, the internal rather small and
fringed with short hairs, the external much larger, trapezate and
densely ciliated. Palpi alittle longer than the labial, 4-jointed,
basal joint minute, 2nd long subclavate, 3rd short, 4th rather
longer than the 2nd, robust, somewhat elongate-ovate (3).
Mentum subtrigonate, the angles and apex rounded. Labiwm
quadrate at the base, producing two narrow divaricating and pu-
bescent lobes. Palpz attached near the sides of the lip, triarti-
culate, basal joint minute, 2nd and 3rd nearly of equal length,
the former subclavate, the latter hatchet-shaped (4).

Head broad and deflered. Eyes small and lateral. Thorax short, broad
and convex, the sides slightly reflexed. Scutellum small. Elytra
broader than the thorax, ovate. Wings ample. Legs short. Thighs
slightly thick. Tibi rather long, with a minute spur at the apex.
Tarsi composed of 5 somewhat obtrigonate joints, basal rather the
longest, 3rd and 4th the shortest, 5th obovate. Claws minute (5,4
fore leg; sthe same tarsus viewed above).

Pecrinatus Fab. Ent. Syst. 1.244. 4.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 288.

Piceous-black, slightly glossy, partially clothed with exceedingly
short ochreous pubescence: antenne with the two basal joints
rufous : head and thorax very minutely reticulated, slightly keeled
before the scutellum: elytra sometimes dull castaneous, with 12
deep and punctured furrows on each, the sutural one abbreviated,
the interstices transversely striated: legs pale rufous.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Tue genus Serrocerus of Kugellan was originally formed I
believe to contain Doreatoma, as well as the species at present
under consideration ; and as it was established nearly 40 years
since in Schneider’s Magazine, I have restored his name, which
alludes to the serrated antennze.

Since my *‘Guide ” was published, I find that it is the first,

- and not the second species, that I possess.

1. S. pectinatus Fab.— Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 375. var.—Panz. 6.
9.—striatus Kug. ?—rufipes Mars. 62. 5. var.

I have seen specimens smaller, and others larger, than the
outline figured in the plate. The coloured one is a variety, for
the elytra are generally of an uniform pitchy black. Sometimes
8 or more of the basal joints of the antennze are rufous, and
the thighs are occasionally dusky.

It inhabits old wood, especially oak. I took one on some
paling at North Mimms, Hertfordshire, in which county I be-
lieve it is not uncommon; and Mr. Marshall found it in some
abundance in the decayed parts of large old posts near Bridge- |
north in Shropshire, the beginning of last June.

I doubt whether the true P. serratus of Fabricius has been
discovered in England: at first I thought it might be the male
of the above insect ; but Mr. Marshall having taken both sexes,
he decided that point. I have never seen a British specimen
of the Fabrician P. serratus, which is probably not the 35. 9. of
Panzer, for Fabricius says his insect is smaller than P. Dor-
catoma (Dorcatoma Dresdensis), and I shall give his charac-
ters that the student may judge for himself.

2. S. serratus Lab. Supp. 73. 5.—ater or serratus Panz. 35.9?

** Black, elytra striated. Smaller than the preceding (P. Dor-
catoma). Head inflexed. Antenne very much serrated, very

flabellate, black. ‘Thorax smooth, with the margin deflexed.”

Fab.

The rufous tibiae and tarsi of Marsham’s D. rujipes, the
length of which is 1} line, and even the name intimates that it is
not the same species as the P. ater or serratus. His descrip-
tion was no doubt taken from a variety of P. pectinatus, with
the thighs and antennz fuscous, the base of the latter, the legs
and feet rufous.

In the early editions of Panzer his fig. 35. 9. is named P.
ater, but he has since altered it to serratus : it is better there-
fore to adopt the Fabrician names, considering the doubt which
is attached to Panzeyr’s figure.

The Plant is Viburnum Lantana (Way-faring Tree).

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ANOBIUM PERTINAX.
The obstinate Death-watch.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Ptinide.
Type of the Genus, Ptinus tessellatus Linn.

Anosium Fad., Oliv., Lat., Curt.—Ptinus Linn., Mars.—Byrrhus
Geof.—Dermestes Thunb.
Antenne inserted close to and before the eyes, pilose, clavate, as
long as the thorax, | 1-jointed, basal joint subglobose, 2nd short
ovate, 3rd a little longer, subcylindric, 5 following obovate-trun-
cate, not longer than the third but stouter, 9th 10th and 11th
large, forming an elongated club, the two former truncated, the
last elongate-ovate conical (6).
Labrum transverse-oval, ciliated with long hairs (1).
Mandibles subquadrate, truncated obliquely, forming 2 strong
teeth at the apex, with a small tuft of hairs near the base on the
inside, externally pilose (2).
Maxille formed of 2 large rounded and hairy lobes, the external
one extending very far beyond the other. Palpi not longer than
the labial, pilose and 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd longer,
3rd somewhat cup-shaped, scarcely longer than the Ist, 4th the
longest lanceolate obtuse (3).
Mentum transverse subtrigonate-truncate, the sides sinuated and
pilose.” Lip large, obcordiform and pilose at the margin. Palpi
inserted near the sides, rather long pilose and triarticulate, basal
joint rather the smallest clavate, 2nd a little larger, 3rd the
largest, sublanceolate being truncated obliquely (4).

Head concealed by the thorax: eyes small lateral and globose, (7 front
view of head). Thorax large globose or arcuated, sides rounded and
reflexed, anterior and posterior margins convex. Scutellum small
and rounded. Elytra very long cylindric and elliptical. Wings
ample. Legs compressed. Thighs grooved beneath to receive the
Tibie which are slightly dilated at the apex and furnished with mi-
nute spurs. ‘Tarsi nearly of equal length 5-jointed, very pilose be-
neath, basal joint the longest obtrigonate, the remainder short, cup-
or heart-shaped, terminal joint obovate. Claws small but acute (5).
Larve fleshy cylindric slightly hairy, head small, but distinct, man-
dibles similar to those of the perfect insect, 6 pectural feet; apex of
abdomen incurved.

Pertinax Linn. Faun. Suec. 142.414. Curt. Guide, Gen. 290. 3.
Castaneous brown, densely clothed with short hair. Palpi ochre-
ous. Antenne castaneous. Head and thorax granulated, face
clothed with yellowish pubescence, thorax with a fovea on the
crown and one at each of the anterior angles, posterior angles
acute, hinder portion grooved transversely and clothed with
shining ochreous pubescence ; an elevated and channeled ridge
next the scutellum, which as well as the shoulders are clothed
with ochreous pubescence. Elytra appearing slightly granulated,
with 11 deeply punctured striz on each, the sutural one abbre-
viated: underside and legs clothed with yellowish pubescence,
the latter more or less castaneous.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Marshall, Mr. Dale, and the Author.

THE present arrangement of the British species will be found

more natural than that of the Guide, but the original numbers

are retained to prevent confusion in reference.

3. A. pertinax L.—Curt. B. E. pl. 387.—striatum F.—Pz. 66. 4.—Fagi
Hitb. var.

Stewart says, after Linnzus, that when taken, this insect contracts
itself, and remains motionless as if it were dead, nor can any torture force
it to move. It is destroyed by the Thanasimus formicarius, pl. 398. The
common A. striatum is so often named ‘pertinaw,’ in consequence of Fa-
bricius having reversed the names, that J am happy in giving a figure of
the true one, which is very rare in England; and for this opportunity I
am indebted to the liberality of T. Marshall, Esq., who took specimens the
beginning of April, beneath the bark of a Pollard oak near Bridgenorth ;
it has also been captured at Windsor.

2. A. rufipes F.—brunneum Ol. 2. 2,16. pl. 2. f. 6?—cylindricus Mar. var.

June, decayed oak trees, and in houses.

4. A. striatum Oliv. pl. 2. f. 7.—pertinax F.— Px. 66. 5.

May, June, July, in old houses in abundance, sometimes reducing
chairs, tables, picture-frames, books, &c. almost to powder.
6. A. tessellatum F.—Pz. 66. 3.—pulsator Schel.

June, rotten wood, especially oak, lime, and willow. December, in
abundance upon an old post at Ditchingham in Norfolk, where I heard
and saw the beating which was performed with the head; and it is said to
be the male only that uses this call (see Int. to Entom. vol. ii. p. 387.) Mr.
Dale informs me that this species is very destructive to the roof of King’s
College Chapel, Cambridge, that the specimens are very large, and I think
I have heard that they even eat through the sheet-lead.

1. A. castaneum F.—Ol. pl. 1. f. 2.—excavatum Kugel.

June and July, park and other paling, and hedges.

8. A. molle Linn.—Ol. 2. n. 16. pl. 2. f. 8.

This is said to be destructive to dried plants. I found it on a boat-
house in Norfolk, under some willows.

7. A. Abietis F.—Pz. 66. 7.—levis Mar. 84. 9.

Inhabits the cones of pine-trees.

5. A. paniceum Linn.—Fab.— Pz. 66. 6.—rubellus Mar. 9 .—tenuicornis
Mar. 3.

Most abundant I believe in June, and destroys the floors of rooms. In-
deed this is a most extraordinary little insect; I have seen tinfoil perfo-
rated by the larve. Mr. Waller Clifton informs me that they will live
upon black wafers, which they reduce to powder. Dr. Boott gave me a
bottle of Cayenne pepper, on which they fed and multiplied until it be-
came a mass of larve, pupe, and beetles; and Mr. Mathews sent me
some interesting observations relating to their destruction of a great por-
tion of his herbarium. But the most serious injury they commit is by
breeding in ship-biscuit, by which means it is frequently rendered unfit
for use.
290°. Ocu1na Zieg.—Crioceris Marsh.

9. A. ptinoides Mar, 228. 25.—Hedere Mull. ?—Distinguished from Ano-
bium by the antenne, which are similar to those of Serrocerus
(pl. 375.)

June, ae Coombe, New Forest, Glanville’s Wootton, on an alder, Mr.
Dale; and once met with in abundance on an old ivy-tree in Suffolk, by
Mr. Kirby.

The Plant is Parietaria officinalis (Pellitory-of-the- Wall).

ro

» 682.
DERMESTES LARDARIUS.

Orpver Coleoptera. Fam. Dermestidee.
Type of the Genus, Dermestes lardarius Linn.

Dermestes Linn., Fab., Lat., Gyll., Curt.

Antenne inserted before the eyes on each side of the clypeus, a
little longer than the head, capitate, pilose, 11-jointed, basal
joint rather stout, subpyriform, 5 following slender, subglobose,
7th and 8th somewhat saucer-shaped, the latter the broadest,
the remainder forming a broad compressed club, most produced
on the inside, 9th joint the largest, semiorbicular, 10th nearly
as large and similar in form, 11th smaller and somewhat orbi-
cular-ovate (6).

Labrum projecting from under the clypeus, with a broad short
membrane at the base, transverse, emarginate in the centre, pu-
bescent and hairy (1).

Mandibles short and thick, broad and emarginate at the apex,
forming 2 short acute teeth, pubescent and membranous inside
(2).

Mazille terminated by a longish, densely pubescent lobe, with
a smaller one inside, furnished with a strong short hook. Palpi
short filiform and 4-jointed, basal joint short, 2nd and 3rd some-
what obconic-truncate, with a few bristles outside, 4th longer
elliptical and truncated (3).

Mentum oblong, rounded and pilose before. Labium rather large
and cordate, the margin ciliated. Palpi triarticulate, attached
to large scapes at the base of the lip, basal joint small oval, 2nd
stouter, obovate-truncate, the apex bristly, 3rd joint the longest,
incurved, ovate (4).

Head nutant, small and ovate ; clypeus narrowed : eyes small globose
and prominent. 'Thorax semiovate, convex, anterior margin concave,
posterior convex or slightly bisinuated, sides with a fine margin :
antepectus not advancing to the mouth: scutel rather moderate, tri-
gonate. Elytra elliptical, convex, thrice as long as the thorax. Wings
ample. Legs moderate, anterior the shortest : thighs thickish : tibiee
compressed, with short rigid bristles outside, apex truncated, with a
short curved tooth at the interior angle of the anterior, the others
with small spurs: tarsi slender, 5-jointed, very pubescent beneath,
the 4 basal joints short in all the feet, 5th longer and clavate : claws
strong, curved and forming a tooth at the base (5, a fore leg).

Larparivus Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 291. 3.
Brownish-black, clothed with short depressed pubescence, thickly
and minutely punctured: antennz castaneous, club ferruginous,
hairs on the face ochreous: thorax with ochreous spots formed
of hairs, basal half of elytra castaneous, densely clothed with
ochreous pubescence, leaving the base and a transverse line of
spots naked and castaneous: legs piceous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

In more southern latitudes the larvae of these insects commit
great ravages amongst the dried skins of animals, anatomical

J7

preparations, and even the insects preserved in cabinets, but

in this country they are seldom found in houses, es

Harris relates a remarkable fact of some of these insects having

been found by him alive in the body of a living specimen of |

Smerinthus ocellatus.
Dermestes is separated from Megatoma (pl. 244.) by the

form of the antennze and trophi, as well as by the antepectus,

which is not produced over the mouth, and the differences are
still greater in Attagenus (pl. 247.). The Dermestes when |
disturbed contract their antennze and legs and lie as if dead, |
frequently on their backs. The following species inhabit

Britain.

1. tessellatus /ab.—murinus Oliv. 2. no. 9. tab. 1. f. 3°.
Black mottled with cinereous, head and thorax variegated —
with ferrugimous hairs; beneath white with black dots; —
antenne subferruginous.
Middle of July, Dover, and on dried sea-weeds on the sea |

shore, also in August at Shoreham.

2. murinus Linn.—Don. v. 15. pl. 515.—Sam. pl. 1. fo 4.— |
Catta Panz. 40. 11.—nebulosus DeG.
Black, mottled above with cinereous, scutel fulvescent, un-
derside white. :
June, in dead moles hung upon bushes by the mole-catchers; |

also in dead rats on rabbit warrens, near Thetford, in abun- |

dance: I have also beaten them out of bushes in woods and
plantations.

3. lardarius Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 682.

Lives upon dead animal substances in kitchens, larders,
museums, &c., and is found in April, May, and June.

4. vulpinus Fab.—murinus Panz. 40. 10.

Black, cinereous with pubescence; white beneath; sides of ©

thorax densely cinereous with short hairs.

Supposed to be imported with skins and provisions, on which -
the larvee feed. I once found a considerable number dead in
a dry bone.

5. laniarius Z//.—Gyll.—ater Oliv. 2. no. 9. pl. 2. f. 12.?
“Shorter and convex, smooth and black; beneath silky

white; antennze small, rufo-piceous.” Gyll. 2. 149. 5.
Gyllenhall states decayed wood to be the habitat of this

species.

6. plantaris Curt.—nigripes Panz. 97. 5.

Piceous, thickly and minutely punctured, middle of antennz
and tarsi ochreous: length 12 line.

I found a specimen in Mr. C. Griesbach’s cabinet, with |
others of Megatoma serra, which it very much resembles, As |
I have great doubts of its being Fabricius’s D. nigripes I have |
dropped his name, which was employed in the Guide.

he Plant is Znula (Pulicaria Cass.) dysenterica, Common
Fleabane.

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244.

MEGATOMA SERRA.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Dermestidee Leach, Lat.
Type of the Genus Dermestes undatus Linn.

Meearoma Herb., Lat., Leach.—Attagenus Lat.—Dermestes Linn.,
Fab., Oliv., Gyll.
Antenne inserted before the eyes at the base of the mandibles,
clavate and pilose ; 11-jointed, Ist and 2nd joints robust, oval,
2nd smaller, 5 following slender, subovate, 8th and 9th cup-
shaped, the latter larger, the remainder forming a perfoliated,
pubescent club larger in the male than female, the penultimate
joint being the shortest, and the terminal one elongate-ovate in
the male ; subconic in the female (6).
Labrum transverse-oval, coriaceous, the margin transparent and
clothed with rather long bristles (1).
Mandibles short, subtrigonate, obtuse, emarginate at the apex,
externally pilose (2).
Mazille slender, simple and pubescent, especially at the apex.
Palpi robust producing a few bristles, 4-jointed, basal joint mi-
nute, 2nd and 3rd short but broader, 4th large, ovate-truncate
(3).
Mentum transverse, narrowed at the base and attenuated to the
anterior margin, which is indented and produces a few strong
bristles. Labium large subquadrate, ciliated at the apex; the
Palpi inserted near the base, remote, short, robust, slightly pi-
lose, triarticulate, basal joint minute, 2nd larger somewhat ob-
ovate, 3rd as large as the other two, subconic-truncate (4).
Males smaller than the females. Head small nutant, the nasus rather
produced. Eyes globose remote, with an Ocellus between them.
Thorax transverse broadest at the base which is slightly produced in
the middle, the angles acute, anterior margin rounded. Antepectus
or Sternum produced over the mouth like a neckcloth. Scutellum
minute. Elytra oval broader than the thorax. Wings ample. Legs
rather short and slender. Tibie nearly linear and simple. Tarsi
D-jointed, lst joint oblong, 3 following very short and oblique, Sth
long. Claws simple (5, a fore leg).

Serra Fab. Ent. Syst. 1. pars 1. p. 234. n. 40.—Gyll. 1. p. 153. 10.
Black inclining to castaneous, especially the sides of the thorax,
shining, rather thickly punctured and clothed with short pube-
scence. Antenne and legs ferruginous ochre, the former with
the club serrated (especially in the males), the 9th joint obtri-
gonate, longer than the 10th which is transverse and produced
on the internal side, the 11th subconic. .

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Merearoma may be distinguished from Attagenus, to which
it is closely related, by the peculiar form of the underside of
the thorax (called the antepectus or prosternum), which gene-
rally covers the mouth: the antennee are lodged in two cavi-
ties beneath the sides of the thorax; and there are many other
characters which will be pointed out when the genus Attage-
nus is illustrated.

Megatoma contains only two species, and their antennz

vary so considerably in the males, sii they may form two di-
visions.
I. With the club simply rho
1. M. undata Linn.—undulatus Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 141.
n. 410.—Panz. 75.13. —

Some specimens are larger and others smaller than M. Serra.
Black, shining, minutely punctured: posterior angles of the
thorax and a spot before the scutellum clothed with white
scales; an interrupted and undulated fascia upon the elytra
before, and another beyond the middle, formed of white scales
also. ‘Tarsi piceous.

I have found this insect in June upon paling in the Regent’s
Park. Mr. Robinson informs me that they eat holes in, and
apparently live upon, the chrysalides of Noctua, that change
beneath the bark of trees. Mr. Samouelle observes that they
inhabit Birch-trees (beneath the bark) in the months of March
and April: the larva spins a silken web in which it changes
to a pupa. It is also found on elm-trees, on flowers, and in
houses.

2. M. Serra Fab., Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 244. male.

In the Entomological ‘Transactions are the following ob-
servations by the late Rev. J. Burrell: —‘ The larva of Serra
is a curious ferruyineous one, living under the bark of Elms and
Oaks, where it may be found almost all the year, particularly
in the early spring months.” In the winter it feeds upon
Onisci or Wood-lice.

The perfect insect is found in June under the bark of Oaks,
Elms, and Sallows; also in Boleti. I have taken it off the
trunks of trees in Kensington Gardens, and upon old palings
near Battersea Bridge. ‘The female may easily be mistaken
for the same sex of A. Pellio, from which the two white spots
had been rubbed off.

For the rare plant figured, Ophrys aranifera (Spider Ophrys),
I am indebted to Sir John Tylden of Milsted, Kent.

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247.
ATTAGENUS TRIFASCIATUS.

Orpver Coleoptera. Fam. Dermestide Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Dermestes Pellio Linn.

Atracenus Lat., Leach, Sam.—Megatoma Herb.—Dermestes Linn.,
Fab., Lat., Marsh.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, on each side the nasus, longer
than the head in the males; pilose, 11-jointed, Ist and 2nd
joints robust, the former oval, the latter globose, the 3 following
slender, subquadrate, 6th, 7th and 8th, cup-shaped, the re-
mainder forming a very long robust and velvety club, the 9th
and J0th joints cup-shaped, the terminal one elongate-ovate in
the male (6), subovate in the female (6a).
Labrum transverse, oval and pilose ; pubescent at the anterior
margin which is very thin (1).
Mandibles small, subquadrate, externally pilose, the apex of one
crenated, forming 4 little teeth ; of the other simple; internal
margin membranous below the middle (2).
Mazille terminating in a very long and cleft lobe, thickly ciliated
with long curved hairs. Palpi longer than the maxille, pilose,
4-jointed; basal joint small, 2nd large obovate truncate, 3rd
much shorter, obovate, 4th the longest, elongate-ovate, atte-
nuated to the apex (3).
Mentum large, subquadrate, anterior margin rounded. Labium
transverse, emarginate pubescent. Palpi remote, triarticulate,
basal joint small, 2nd obtrigonate, 3rd much larger elongate-
ovate (4).

Males smaller than the females. Head small nutant, with an Ocellus
‘on the crown. Eyes small globose and lateral. Nasus narrowed,
subquadrate. Thorax with the posterior margin sinuated, the lobe
in the centre and the angles acute. Antepectus not produced over
the mouth. Scutellum minute. Elytra oval, scarcely broader than
the thorax. Wings ample. Legs short. Thighs and Tibie com-
pressed, pubescent, the latter producing spiny bristles on the external
side; spurs very short. Tarsi 5-jointed, basal joint small and ob-
scure, the 3 following subquadrate, in the anterior pair (5) ; basal
joint as long as the 3rd and 4th united in the others (5+), terminal
joint long. Claws long slender and bent.

Trirascratus Oliv.—Fab. Ent. Syst. 1. pars 1. p. 228. n. 7.
Pale black, shining, minutely punctured, and covered with de-
cumbent hairs. Antenne black. Thorax with the posterior
margin covered with yellowish shining hair, forming a black
square spot on the lobe. Elytra with 3 transverse sinuated fer-
ruginous bands, covered with ochreous pubescence, the 2 pos-
terior interrupted by the suture ; a small spot on each side at
the base and one at the apex ochreous also. Underside clothed
with yellow pubescence. Tibi inclining to castaneous. Tarsi
and Claws entirely of that colour ; the basal joint of the former
very small.
In the Cabinet of the British Museum.

==

Tue Attageni were considered by Latreille to be so different
from the Megatomee, that in his Genera Crustaceorum they
were placed in separate families, the former being included in
a division of the Dermestes, the latter amongst the Byrrhii.
As we must proceed cautiously with regard to affinities, I
shall at present only remark, that A. trifasciatus bears a great
resemblance to the Anthreni. In addition to the differences
pointed out when the genus Megatoma was lately illustrated,
it may be observed that the remarkably long terminal joint of
the antennee in the males of this genus is a peculiar character,
and that even in the females it is longer than the ante-penul-
timate. The upper lip, which is rounder, also conceals the
mandibles, which are very differently formed. The maxille
are very much elongated, and the inequality in the 2nd and
3rd joints of their palpi, as well as the great length of the ter-
minal one, are valuable marks of distinction; but the most
interesting difference, although previously unnoticed, is the
minuteness of the basal joint of the tarsi, which in some is
nearly obsolete.

There are only two British species of Attageni; and in
such small genera as the present, whenever it is in my power
I shall describe the species, which will render references to
other works not absolutely necessary.

1. A. Pellio Zinn. Faun. Suec. n. 411.—Don. Brit. Ins. 7.
pl. 231. f. 3.—bipunctatus DeG.

Piceous black, shining, minutely punctured and covered
with decumbent pubescence. Thorax with a spot at each pos-
terior angle, one upon the lobe, and two upon the back of
the elytra, villose white. Antennee (excepting the club) and
the legs dull castaneous.

This is a common insect in old houses, attacking the dried
skins of animals, old books, paper, and wood. It is the larva
probably of this species which will destroy collections of in-
sects, if neglected for many years.

2. A. trifasciatus Oliv.—Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 247.

There are specimens of this pretty insect in the British
Museum, but Mr. Samouelle is unable to give me any infor-
mation relating to them, beyond their being placed there by
Dr. Leach.

The plant represented is Stachys palustris (Marsh Wound-
wort), together with a small tuber, as I understand no correct
figure of it has hitherto been given; and it is rendered inter-
esting from Joseph Houlton, Esq. having proved that the root
by cultivation becomes edible, for which discovery the Society
of Arts presented him with their Silver Medal.

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450.
ASPIDIPHORUS ORBICULATUS.

Orpver Coleoptera. Fam. Dermestidx ?
Type of the Genus, Nitidula orbiculata Gy/.

AspipipHorus Zieg., Meg., Sturm., Lat.—Arpidiphorus Gyl., De/.,
Curt.—Nitidula Gyl.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, as long as the head and thorax,
clavate, 10-jointed, basal joint large, curved and subclavate, 2nd
stout subovate, narrowed at the base, as long as the 3rd which
is slender, 4th shorter, 3 following small and cup-shaped, the
remainder forming a stout pubescent elongated club, conical at
the apex (6).
Labrum subquadrate, the angles rounded, the anterior margin
slightly concave and sparingly ciliated (1).
Mandibles trigonate, rounded externally, the internal margin
sinuated, slightly pubescent towards the apex (2).
Mazille composed of two rounded pubescent lobes, the internal
one the shortest. Palpi short 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd
the largest subglobose, 3rd subquadrate, 4th as long as the 2nd
but slender (3).
Mentum hemispherical. Palpi triarticulate, basal joint very mi-
nute, 2nd stout subovate, 3rd small ovate, terminated by a vesicle
and a few hairs; they are inserted at the base of the Lip which
is transverse and fringed with a few hairs (4).

Tead rather large and transverse: eyes lateral small and prominent.
Thorax transverse, broadest at the base, the posterior margin lobed
at the centre. Scutellum distinct and semiorbicular. Elytra very
convex, suborbicular, quadrate, nearly twice as broad as the thoraz.
Wings ample. Abdomen extending beyond the elytra. Legs rather
short. Tibize simple compressed and dilated except at the base.
Tarsi 5-jointed, the joints very short excepting the 5th which is as
long as the others united and clavate. Claws acute (5, a fore leg ;

t hinder leg).

BicuLATUS Gyll.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 296. 1. Viennensis Meg.
Subovate, piceous brown, head and thorax blackish, thickly and
minutely punctured: elytra slightly pubescent with nine punc-
tured strie on each. Antennz, mouth and legs pale ferruginous,
the club of the former black.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tuts curious little insect has never hitherto been figured. [I |
have included it with the Dermestidz because the trophi and |
antennee seem to agree best with that family. There can be |
little doubt that it is nearly allied to Trinodes, although it has |
a good deal the habit of a Hister, yet I should say it is not so |
nearly related to Byrrhus as to justify its being placed in the |
same family; until however Dorcatoma, Trinodes and Lim- |
nichus are well investigated, it will be difficult to assign to |
Aspidiphorus its statute situation. { |

Sturm placed it between Trinodes and Byrrhus, and in the j
Guide I adopted the affinities of Dejean and arranged it ber
tween Trinodes and Nosodendron (pl. 246). |

Aspidiphorus orbiculatus was first discovered in England, I
believe, by Mr. Spence near Hull in Yorkshire: it had since
been captured the beginning of July in a larch plantation at_
Marton near Stockton on Tees by the Rev. G. T. Rudd; and |
near Sherburn in the same county, on a felled tree in a fir
plantation in company with Scaphidium 4-maculatum (pl. 379), |
by A. Mathews, Esq., who informed me that they appeared to
be covered with mud. |

For my specimens I am indebted to F. Walker, Esq., wha
took them near Southgate. Mr. E. Doubleday also found a |
pair in moss the middle of November on the borders of Ep- —
ping Forest. |

The Plant is Cynoglossum officinale (Common Hound’s-
tongue). .

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NOSODENDRON FASCICULARE.

OrbeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Byrrhide Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus Byrrhus fascicularis Oliv.

Nosopvenpron Lat., Leach—Byrrhus Oliv., Panz.—Spheridium
Fab., Panz.
Antenne inserted before the eyes under the margin of the head,
longer than the head, clavate, 11-jointed, Ist and 2nd joints
short robust, subovate, the latter being the smallest, the 3rd
long, slender subclavate, 4 following short nearly of equal size,
somewhat obovate truncate, 8th broader, ctip-shaped, the re-
mainder forming an abrupt perfoliated compressed and pube-
scent club, the 9th and 10th joints transverse boat-shaped, the
terminal one subtrigonate (6).
Labrum small transverse ovate, anterior margin ciliated (1).
Mandibles trigonate, very broad at the base, the apex forming a
broad bent flat lobe, beneath which the internal margin is
slightly produced and ciliated (2).
Mazille terminated by a long coriaceous lobe, membranous and
pubescent at the apex, a shorter transparent lobe on the inside,
densely ciliated, with a short claw at the apex. Palpi not so
long as the lobe of the maxilla 4 ?-jointed, basal joint invisible,
2nd and 3rd short robust, 4th more slender elongate-oval (3).
Mentum large, covering the mouth and concealing the lip, co-
nical, sides notched towards the top, anterior margin rounded,
the sides pilose. Lip large, membranous, pubescent, cleft in
the centre. Palpi inserted at the base, short robust, triarti-
culate, Ist and 2nd joints small, 3rd oval (4).

Head subtrigonate, sunk to the Eyes which are rather small; nasus
rounded. Thorax convex, transverse, short, anterior margin broader
than the head and concave, posterior rounded, nearly as broad as the
Elytra which are conver and suborbicular. Scutellum triangular
elongated. Wings much longer than the body. Legs short, com-
pressed, semicontractile. Tibie subobtrigonate-elongate, slightly
serrated externally, anterior pubescent on the inside, slightly emar-
ginate towards the apex on the outer edge (5). Tarsi short, 5-joint-
ed, 4 first joints subquadrate, 5th much longer subclavate. Claws
simple and hooked.

Fascicutare Oliv. Entom. v. 2. n. 13. pl. 1. f.7. a. b.
Black, shining. Head and thorax rather minutely, but not very
thickly punctured. Elytra deeply and closely punctured, each
having 5 rows of ochre-coloured fasculi, 7 or 8 in each row, some-
times obliterated towards the base. Antenne castaneous, the
club fuscous-ochre. Legs dark-castaneous.

In the Cabinet of the British Museum.

Nosoprenpnron is considered to belong to the family Byr-
rhidz; the passage probably to the typical genus will be
by Byrrhus setiger of Illiger and B. arenarius of Sturm. I
have only had an opportunity of examining the former insect,
and then only superficially; but the antennze appear to be so
much more like those of our genus than of Byrrhus, that it
will, I fear, be necessary to separate them, unless they be No-
sodendra.

The genus has never been recorded as British. N. fasci-
culare was first observed near Paris many years since on the
25th of March in the ulcerated parts of Elm-trees, and was
described and figured by Olivier, and afterwards by Panzer.
Dr. Leach subsequently captured it in the month of May in
Devon; and Mr. Hope informs me that he found a species at
Southend, Essex, in abundance under the bark of Elm-trees,
which were placed in the sand to arrest the incursions of the
tide.

In the British Museum also, is a beautiful specimen of the
Byrrhus setiger of Illiger and Gyllenhal, figured by Sturm in
the 35th plate of his Deutschlands Fauna. It was taken by
Dr. Leach in Speechwick Park, near Ashburton, Devonshire,
some time in the month of May.

For specimens of the plant Valeriana Calcitrapa (Portu-
guese Valerian) I am indebted to Mr. R. Chambers, F.L.S.
who gathered them the middle of last June, on an old wall at

Eltham, Kent: it has never, I believe, been figured in any
British Flora.

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347.
OOMORPHUS CONCOLOR.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Byrrhide Lat., Lea.
Type of the Genus, Byrrhus concolor Sturm.

Oomorruus Curtis.—Simplocaria Curt., Steph.—Phalacrus Steph.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, remote, not longer than the
thorax, subclavate, pilose, 11-jointed, basal joint the largest,
subovate, narrowed at the base, 2nd ferruginous, subconic notched
internally at the base, 4 following slender and oblong, the re-
mainder forming an elongated club, the 7th joint obtrigonate,
8th scarcely larger than the 6th ; 9th and 10th obtrigonate, 11th
ovate (6).

Labrum subquadrate, the angles rounded, producing a few bris-
tles and 2 small tubercles beneath in front (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate, bifid at the apex, but not notched or
membranous on the inside (2).

Mazrille bilobed, internal lobe broad and rigid, thin on the in-
side, external lobe extending beyond the other, with a thin margin
on the inside and a few bristles at the apex. Palpi short, ro-
bust, pilose and 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd broad, cup-
shaped, 3rd transverse, 4th ovate with a vesicle at the apex (3).
Mentum, anterior portion subquadrate: Lip suborbicular and
transparent. Palpi robust, triarticulate, attached to large con-
tiguous scapes, basal joint minute, 2nd large somewhat obtri-
gonate, Srd conical with a vesicle at the apex (4).

Head received into the thorax, short and obtuse: eyes rather reniform,
coarsely granulated. Thorax convex, subtrigonate, truncated before,
rounded behind, the angles rather acuninated. Scutellum extremely
minute. Elytra convex and ovate, the sides a little narrowed beyond
the middle. Wings imperfect. Legs alike short and robust. Tibi
compressed, dilated and partially clothed with long hairs: tarsi broad
very pubescent beneath, 5-jointed, 1st and 2nd joints obtrigonate, 3rd
bilobed, 4th minute, 5th elongate oval: claws minute (5 a fore leg).

Concotor Sturm’s Deut. Faun. 2. 109. tab. 35 A.—Curtis’s Guide,
Gen. 298. 1.—maritimus Steph.
Black, slightly e2neous, smooth and very glossy, sparingly but
rather coarsely punctured, excepting the head which has a long
fovea in front. Antenne with the 2nd joint ochreous. Elytra
with 8 rows of punctures on each, the sutural one not extend-
ing half way, and gradually approaching the suture, as well as
the 2nd. Tibiz slightly clothed with subochreous pubescence.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

I LaTety observed that the Byrrhus concolor was so essentially
different to the Simplocaria, that it would be impossible to

include them in the same genus; and, as it is remarkable in
its structure, and apparently will lead to a new combination
of certain groups, I shall lay before my readers the views that
naturalists have hitherto taken of the Byrrhidee.

Linneeus first described ‘ pilula’ as a Dermestes, and after-
wards placed it in the genus Byrrhus with the Anthreni; Fa-
bricius and Sturm (with some additions) arranged it between
Anisotoma (Agathidium, J//.) followed by Chelonarium (a
genus inhabiting St. Domingo and Java) and Anthrenus:
Latreille, in his Genera Crustaceorum, formed a family ‘ Byr-
rhii’ containing Megatoma, Throscus, Anthrenus, Byrrhus,
Nosodendron, Chelonarium, Hister, Elmis, and Heterocerus.
In his Familles Naturelles the Byrrhii follow the Dermestini,
in which are included the Megatomeze; Throscus is placed
with the Elaterides; Limnichus and Aspidiphorus are added,
and Elmis and Heterocerus follow in the next family, Hister
being entirely removed.

From this sketch it is evident that the most learned ento-
mologists have been undecided respecting some of the affinities
of this group. ‘The singular contraction of their legs led to
their being associated with Dermestes and Hister, but what-
ever relation they may have to the former, I cannot think it
possible that they can be allied to the latter genus. ‘The 8th
joint of the antennze being smaller than the 7th in our genus,
shows an approach to Leiodes and Agathidium (as indicated
by Fabricius and Sturm), and I have reason to think there
exists at least an analogy between the Byrrhidz and Eumolps.

Although Oomorphus concolor has been twice figured and
thrice described, a most admirable specific character (the
orange colour of the eccentric 2nd joint of the antennz) has
never been detected. I took a single specimen many years
since in Norfolk; it has been taken “in June at the base of the
cliffs between Dover and St. Margaret’s Bay”, and I found a
specimen near Southampton the end of last spring. Mr. F.
Walker finds it at Southgate in moss during the winter.

The plant is Chezranthus (Matthiola, Brown) sinuatus (Sea
Stock), drawn from a specimen found on the sand-hills near
St. Hilier in Jersey; it grows also at Barmouth and other
parts of Wales.

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335.

SIMPLOCARIA SEMISTRIATA.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Byrrhidz Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus, Byrrhus semistriatus I.

Srmptocaria Marsh MSS., Curt., Steph.—Cistela Marsh.—Byrrhus

Iil., Panz. &c.

Antenne inserted before the eyes, near the base of the man-
dibles ; clavate, pilose and pubescent towards the apex; 11-
jointed, basal joint large obovate, 2nd small ovate, 3rd long
slender, three following short subovate, 7th rather incrassated,
the remainder forming a perfoliate club, the joints bowl-shaped,
excepting the last which is the largest and ovate (6).

Labrum transverse-oval, the sides angulated, emarginate before
and pilose (1).

Mandibles, one trifid, the other bifid at the apex, witha very deep
notch on the inside, filled with a large membrane (2).

Maxille small, terminated by an oblique lobe, pubescent at the
apex. Palpi rather long and pilose, 4-jointed, basal joint mi-
nute, 2nd rather longer than the 3rd which is trapezate, 4th
long, elongate-conic, terminated by a vesicle (3).

Mentum transverse, triangular, truncate, coriaceous at the base.
Lip rather large and suborbicular, ciliated. Palpi attached to
two large scapes, contiguous, pilose, triarticulate, basal joint
small, 2nd subtrigonate, 3rd large pear-shaped with 2 vesicle at
the apex (4).

Head almost concealed in the thorax. Eyes small and lateral. Thorax
convex, transverse, broadest at the base. Scutellum minute. Elytra
convex, ovate, truncated at the base. Wings ample. Legs uniform,
compressed: Thighs broad ; tibie subfusiform but flat: tarsi rather
long, 5-jointed, basal joint the longest (except in the anterior pair,
in which the 5th is the longest), 4th minute; claws curved (5, a
fore leg).

Semisrriata Ill.—Curtis’s Guide, Gen. 298. 3.—picipes Marsh. 105.
9.—picea Marsh. 106. 11. var. B.
Shining piceous, with a slight eneous tinge, pubescent and mi-
nutely but not very thickly punctured. Mouth legs and antenne
ferruginous. Elytra of the same colour or ochreous towards the

apex ; 6 striz on each, becoming very faint, or vanishing, before
reaching the apex.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Havine carefully examined the Byrrhus concolor of Sturm, I
find that it is impossible to include it in the genus Simploca-
ria, for it is considerably allied to Leiodes; and if it be so

nearly related to Phalacrus as some Entomologists imagine *,
I shall propose arranging the Byrrhide between Diaperis and
Leiodes, leaving the Anthreni with the Dermestidz, to which
family I think they must belong, judging from the characters
of the larvae and the close affinity of the perfect insects to At-
tagenus trifasciatus.

Our genus now contains only two species that are recorded
as inhabitants of Britain.

1..'S. picipes, Olzo. 'v. 2.. No. 13. ‘p. 9. 09. tab2. f,-9.—
Gyll. 1. 200. 8.

Almost half as long again as S. semistriata, but not broader.
Oblong, black, somewhat eneous, shining, feet rufous, elytra
with the stria: deep and continued throughout.

Having no specimen of this insect, I have taken the above
characters from Gyllenhal. Mr. Dillwyn in his ‘ Memoranda,
&c.’ says, “ Simplocaria picipes ? On Crwmlyn Burrows, not
uncommon.”

2. S. semistriata, I//.—Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 335.

This insect is very abundant in England under stones in
arid and sandy places. I have found it on Mousehold Heath
near Norwich, in gravel-pits; on the shore of Southampton-
water; and in profusion, the middle of May, at the sides of
stones on the sands near the Ferry in the Isle of Portland. It
also occurs in Kensington Gardens; and Mr. Dillwyn says,
**Common in putrid fungi in woods, and is often rather plen-
tiful about the beginning of summer on Crwmlyn Burrows.”
I was not aware that these insects were fungivorous, which
would bring them near to Leiodes in economy; but I hope
that the larvee will not go long undetected, as a knowledge of
them might enable the Entomologist to give a natural and
permanent location to the Byrrhide.

The plant is Chrysanthemum segetum (Corn Marigold).

* Mr. Stephens has placed it as the type of the genus Phalacrus under
the specific name of ‘maritimus’ !

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BYRRHUS DENNII.

Orpber Coleoptera. Fam. Byrrhidze Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus Byrrhus Pilula Linn.

Byrruvs Linn., Fab., Oliv., Panz., Sturm.—Cistela Geoff., Marsh.—
Dermestes DeGeer.
Antenne straight, not so long as the thorax, inserted before the
eyes, near the base of the mandibles, compressed, perfoliate-
clavate, 11-jointed, basal joint large, 2nd small globose, 3rd long
slender, 4th shorter, 5th turbinate, 6th globose, 4 following
transverse-ovate, last large ovate (fig. 6).
Labrum transverse-ovate, pilose, slightly produced in front (1).
Mandibles small, trigonate, one bifid, the other subtrifid at the
apex, with a large tooth on the interior side, beneath which is a
deep notch and membranous appendage (2).
Mazille coriaceous above, thickly ciliated, internal lobe narrow,
nearly as long as the external one. Palpi a little longer than
the maxille, 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd and 3rd of nearly
equal size, 4th larger (3).
Mentum transverse, horny, slightly emarginate and ciliated. Lip
membranous dilated at the base, anterior part thick, fleshy, cor-
date, ciliated. Palpi arising from the upper surface of the lip
near the centre of each lobe, small, 3-jointed, basal joint minute,
2nd clavate, 3rd subovate (4).

Head small, sunk in the thorax, Eyes small lateral. Thorax narrowed
before, posterior angles acute. Scutellum small. Elytra very convex
completely covering the abdomen. Wings 2 formed for flight. Legs
received into cavities in the abdomen. Tibi compressed, spurred,
slightly serrated on the external edge, having a groove to receive the
Tarsi which are 5-jointed, basal and terminal joints the longest, in-
termediate very short (5, a fore leg).

Denniut Kirby’s MSS.
Black clothed with subaureous pubescence. Thorax with 2 large
round spots before and 2 angulated ones near the middle black.
Elytra with a black sinuated fascia across the middle not extend-
ing to the exterior margin, each having 4 black longitudinal
stripes ; margin blackish. Antenne and legs castaneous, in-
clining to black. Beneath dull black.
In the Cabinet of Mr. Kirby.

f&

From the dissimilarity of form at first sight of Byrrhus and
Fister we are induced to inquire Latreille’s reasons for placing
them in the same family, when we shall find that in the struc-
ture of the legs as well as in the mode of contracting them, in
the situation of the labial palpi and in the number of their
joints, there is considerable evidence of relationship : in con-
firmation we will refer to a comparison of the legs of Byrrhus
and of Dendrophilus (Pl. 131), of the labium &c. (fig. 4) of our
Plate, and the same part of Hister in the Hore Entomologice
(fig. 1 I°); and in Anthrenus, a genus of the same family, we
have an approach to the antenne of Hister. Dr. Leach very
judiciously formed the Histerz into a family, and placed it next
the Byrrhide. Mr. MacLeay in his ingenious and learned
work has considered the Histeride allied to the Lucanida,
which will bring them nearer to the Scaribeide than we have
been accustomed to see them ; and the question now is, whether
the Byrrhide are to accompany them.

The following is a list of our British species and their sy-
nonyms.

1 B. Dennii Kirby. Nob.

2 ~pilula Linn., Panz. 4. 3. Sturm, tab. 33.—ater Panz.

32. 2.

3 fasciatus Fab., Oliv. tab. 1. f. 2.—ornatus Panz.? 24. 1.

ferruginea Marsh.—undulata Marsh.
oblongus Sturm, tab 34, A, a.
ater Marsh. Ent. Brit.
murinus Fab., Panz. 25. 1.—undulatus Panz. 37. 14.
dorsalis Fab., Panz. 104, —, fasciatus Panz. 32. 1.—

morio Panz. 37. 15.—bicolor Marsh.

8 varius Fab., Panz. 32. 3.—sericea Marsh.
9 fuscus Marsh. Ent. Brit.

ISOs

The beautiful species figured was found in a chalk pit in
Barham, Suffolk, in the spring of 1821 by Mr. H. Denny,
whose monographs upen the British Pselaphide and Scydme-
nide, with coloured figures, entitle him to the honour which
his patron has conferred upon him by calling this insect by
his name.

The Byrrhi are found in sandy situations, gravel pits, at
the base of walls, and the roots of trees, amongst short grass
in pathways, &c. from March to July.

The plant is Cynosurus cristatus (Crested Dog’s-tail Grass.)

4-/%27
163. mn
THROSCUS OBTUSUS.

OrpbeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Elateride Lat. Byrrhide Lat.,
Leach.

Type of the Genus Elater dermestoides Linn.

Turoscus Lat., Leach.—Trixagus Gyll—Dermestes Fab., Payk.,
Til.—Elater Linn., Geoff., Oliv.
Antenna inserted before the eyes, as long as the thorax, pilose,
concealed when at rest in grooves beneath the thorax, | l-jointed,
basal joint robust ovate, 2nd subquadrate, the 6 following smaller,
subglobose, the remainder forming a perfoliate club, the Ist joint
obovate truncate, 2nd transverse, 3rd trigonate (fig. 6).
Labrum triangular, convex, ciliated and pilose (1).
Mandibles alike, broad at the base, bent, acute, internal edge
thin, external hairy (2).
Maxille small, bilobed, membranous and pubescent at their ex-
tremities, internal lobe minute, external large ovate. Palpi
4-jointed, pubescent, basal joint minute, 2nd large clavate,
3rd globose, 4th large, subovate compressed (3).
Mentum transverse, produced into a lobe in the centre. Lip mem-
branous thickened down the centre, somewhat cordate, ciliated.
Palpi membranous, 3-jointed, inserted on each side the lobe of
the mentum, 3-jointed, basal and 2nd joints minute, 3rd very
large obovate, pubescent, compressed (4).

Head bent down so as nearly to conceal the mouth. Thorax produced
beneath between the cocce, semicircular, broadest at the base, acumi-
nated at the posterior angles. Scutellum triangular. Wings longer
than the elytra and twice as broad. Legs submembranous, received
into grooves in the abdomen when at rest. Thighs broad flat. Tibiz
linear armed with several rigid bristles at their apex, having a groove
on the external side to receive the Tarsi which are 5-jointed, basal
joint the longest, elongate ovate in the 4 posterior (5 t), penultimate
joint bilobed, terminal slender. Claws small (5, a fore leg).

Ostusus Westwood’s MSS.
Dull castaneous, shining, covered with short, decumbent yellow-
ish hairs. Head rounded, coarsely punctured. Eyes black. Thorax
coarsely punctured, convex, sinuated at the base, the centre being
produced and elevated close to the scutellum, posterior angles
very acuminate. Elytra striated, minutely punctured, Antenne
and legs ferruginous. Tarsi ochraceous.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Cooper and Mr. Westwood.

Mons. Larreiuue in his Histoire Naturelle placed Throscusnext
to Elater, and after removing it to the Byrrhide in his Genera
Crustaceorum and Considérations générales, he has again taken
up his first opinion in the Familles Naturelles, the last of his

valuable works. Excepting the power it possesses of conceal-
ing its antennee and legs in grooves, there does not appear to
be any good reason for placing Throscus with the Byrrhida,
for neither the trophi nor antennz agree with those of the
genera contained in that family. Linnzeus had placed our in-
sect from analogy with the Hlaters, and Latreille for the very
best reasons, viz. the affinity of the trophi, has finally adopted
the same arrangement: we shall therefore offer no apology for
departing from the more generally received opinion in this
country, but merely observe that the Hlaters are provided
with the same means of protecting their antennee; and we
consider the form of this organ a generic and not a family
character, since they are sometimes even flabellate, at others
pectinated or serrated in the males and simple in the females.
It is probable that Throscus lives in wood in the larva state.

No species has been described until now, excepting
1. T. dermestoides Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 656. 38.—adstrictor
Payk., Ill., Fab. Panz. 75. 5.—clavicornis Oliv. 2.

pl. 8. f. 85.

Taken the middle of June and July by Mr. Bainbridge with

Anaspides, from white thorns and umbelliferous plants, near

Bexley, Kent; also by Mr. Westwood in sand-pits and upon

paling at Coombe Wood.

For the following remarks we are. indebted to Mr. West-

wood.
2. 'T. obtusus Westw. Mss.— Nob.
«¢ My new species is distinguishable from JT. dermestoides not

only by being much smaller, of a more castaneous colour, and—

a broader outline (whence my name obtusus), but also by the
front of the head wanting the two elevated lines observable
in that species. I have as yet seen but three specimens of it;
one of them was found at the foot of a pollard oak in Plaistow
Marshes by my friend A. Cooper, Esq. R.A., and the other
two specimens were beaten by myself likewise from an oak-
tree near the village of Ensham (between Oxford and Witney)
at the beginning of last September.”

It may be further observed, that 7. dermestoides has the
thorax minutely as well as coarsely punctured, the elytra more
deeply striated with punctures, having an irregular row of large
punctures between them.

The plant is Dianthus Armeria (Deptford Pink) from
Darent Wood.

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686.
TRACHYS MINUTA.

OrveErR Coleoptera. Fam. Buprestidee.
Type of the Genus, Buprestis minuta Linn.
Pracuys Fab., Gyl., Soli., Curt.—Buprestis Linn., Oliv.
Antenne free, inserted in a small cavity on the inside of the eyes,
at the base of the clypeus, not remote, 11-jointed, 2 basal joints
stout, Ist long but very much bent and curved at the base, 2nd
elongate-ovate, 4 following slender, somewhat obovate, the 3rd
being a little the longest, the remainder compressed and slightly
produced internally, excepting the apical joint which is ovate (6).
Labrum suborbicular, truncated at the base and sharply notched.
in the middle, with 2 or three short bristles on the sides (1).
Mandibles rather large in proportion, subtrigonate-conic, the
outer angle elongated at the base (2).
Mazville terminated by a rounded lobe, with a minute one in-
side, both densely ciliated. Palpi clavate and 4-jointed, basal
joint subovate, 2nd rather long, pyriform-truncate, 3rd cup-
shaped, 4th the largest, barrel-shaped (3).
Mentum large and trigonate, the sides sinuated. Lip small.
Palpi minute, triarticulate, basal joint small, 2nd cup-shaped,
drd ovate-truncate (4). ,
Body depressed. Head short and broad, face concave ; eyes not pro-
minent, lateral and oval. Thorax short, broad, narrowed before,
anterior margin bisinuated, the base very much sinuated, forming
acute angles and a lobe over the Scutel, whichis exceedingly minute :
antepectus with a short rounded lobe, fitting into a cavity in the
medipectus. Elytra broader than the thorax, ovate-trigonate, the
shoulders prominent, sides slightly emarginate, apex rounded: wings
ample. Legs compressed, lying in cavities in repose, nearly of equal
length, slender: thighs not stout: tibize as long as the thighs, slender :
_ tarsi short, all dilated, 5-jointed, 4 basal joints very short, membra-
nous and spongy beneath, 5th elongated, clavate: claws small, very
much hooked (5+).

Minutra Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 301. 2.

Violaceous or bluish black; face polished, zeneous, concave,
channelled in the middle; thorax subcupreous, with scattered
shining ochreous hairs, the angles and a line along the base de-
pressed ; elytra with various depressions and large shallow punc-
tures forming indistinct striz; a space at the base formed by
shining ochreous hairs, as well as a transverse line before the
middle, and 2 undulating ones towards the apex and looped at
the suture.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue valuable Essay of Mons. Solier in the Annales de la Soc.
Ent. de France has greatly contributed towards the classifi-

of

cation of this superb tribe of insects, which now amounts to
about 600 species: of these 14 only have been found in En-
gland, several of which have been most probably imported in
timber ; and although this is a proof that the Buprestidee are
not attached to northern latitudes, yet it is remarkable that
twice as many are actually natives of Sweden, and Gyllenhal
has described 46 species in his Insecta Suecica, including
those that are supposed to have been introduced by intercourse
with foreign countries.

Trachys is a singular little group of this family, readily re-~
cognised by its short broad ovate figure, and although so dis-
similar to Aphanisticus (pl. 262.) it is evidently closely allied
to that genus. M. Solier not having been able to detect the
maxillee and palpi of Trachys, I am happy in the opportunity
of adding figures of them.

Three species of this circumscribed genus have been found —
in the neighbourhood of London.

1, nana Fab.—Panz. 95. 9.
‘‘Obscure black, somewhat zeneous, smooth; face excavated, —
elytra triangular, with punctures somewhat in strise and a
lateral elevated line.” Gyll. v. 1. 464. 3.
May and June, amongst underwood in Coomb Wood.

2. minuta Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 686. .

May 138th on Sallows, Coomb Wood and Epping Forest, —
J. C.; end of May, a pair in Parley Copse, Mr. Dale; June, —
Clapham, Park Wood, Bedfordshire; July and August, Met-
ton and Monk’s Woods; on birch and nut trees, Darent,
Norwood, &e.

3. pygmaa Fab.—Don. v. 8. pl. 282.
Head and thorax smooth, cupreous or zeneous, elytra blue —
or green, with lines of strong punctures.
May, in a puddle of water in Coomb Wood, Mr. MacLeay, _

and the late Mr. Joseph Hooker found one on Menyanthes —

trifoliata (pl. 294.) at St. Faith’s in Norfolk. It has also once
occurred in Cambridgeshire.

The Plant is Bryonia dioica (Red-berried Bryony).

APHANISTICUS PUSILLUS.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Buprestidae Leach.—Sternoxi Lat.
Type of the Genus Buprestis pusilla Oliv.

Apnanisticus Lat., Leach., Sam.—Buprestis Fab., Oliv., Gyll.
Antenne inserted under the eyes, clavate, | 1-jointed, basal joint
robust oblong and curved at the base, 2nd globose, 5 following
slender, of equal length, obovate, the remainder forming a ser-
rated club, the 8th joint being obtrigonate, the 9th and 10th
transverse, being produced on the inside, 11th oblique ovate (6).
Labrum pocket-shaped, anterior margin ciliated (1).

Mandibles trigonate, acute (2).

Mazille terminated by a large rounded and ciliated lobe with a
very minute one on the internai side. Palpi small, 4-jointed,
basal joint very minute, 2nd appearing the longest, clavate trun-
cate, 3rd short subquadrate, 4th pear-shaped (3).

Mentum transverse oval. Labium and Palpi undiscovered (4).

Trophi on the underside of the Head, which is subglobose and emargi-

nate with a deep channel in front. Eyes small round, placed at the
anterior angles of the head, not lateral. Thorax subquadrate, nar-
rowed before, posterior margin slightly lobed in the centre. Scutel-
lum minute. Elytra narrow, emarginate on the outside towards the
base, each being rounded at the apex. Wings not longer than the
body. Legs very similar. Thighs very robust, subovate, Tibiee short
and stout. Tarsi 5-jointed, basal joint the smallest, the 3 following
with the membranous margin increasing in size, the 4th being the
largest and cordiform, 5th not extending beyond the 4th, slender and
terminated by a single Claw (5, a fore leg).

Pusinuus Oliv. v.2. tab. 12. f.133.— Gyll. 1. 460. 20.—emarginatus
Fall., Leach., Sam.
Black with an neous tinge, shining, appearing granulated under
a very high power. Head and thorax variolose, the latter with
a transverse impression before and another beyond the middle,
the sides margined.—Elytra uneven at the base with several
rows of large but not well defined punctures.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Apuanisticus is distinguished from Agrilus, which it most
resembles, by its longer suleated head and clavate antenne;
the eyes are not lateral, the thorax is somewhat conical and
margined on the sides; the labrum is narrowed at the base,
and not at all emarginate; all the joints of the tarsi have
membranous margins, except the last, which produces only a
single claw. I am_unable to describe the labium and its palpi,
which are very small, having lost or destroyed them in dis-
secting the mouth.

Two species only of this genus have been discovered, one
of which is found in Britain, and was considered by Dr. Leach
to be the B. emarginata of Fabricius; it certainly agrees very
well with his short description: but as he described it from
Bosce’s Cabinet, and Olivier has done so likewise, at the same
time giving a figure and description which are very different
to our insect, I have followed Gyllenhal and Dejean in adopt-
ing Olivier’s name, puszl/a, his figure and description per-
fectly agreeing with our British species.

This minute insect has been several times taken near the
gravel pit in Coombe Wood, early in April, by collecting the
moss and carrying it home in bags and shaking and examin-
ing it upon a white cloth,—an admirable plan for obtaining
minute insects. Major Gyllenhal says it is found in grassy
places, especially near the sea ; and Mr, Hope has detected it
in similar situations near Southend, Essex. I believe it was
observed by Dr. Leach in Devonshire, at a later period of the
year; and I think Mr. Samouelle once beat it out of a hedge
at Coombe.

The plant is Melampyrum cristatum (Crested Cow-wheat),
communicated by Professor Henslow.

i Mt

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A

AGRILUS CHRYSEIS.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Buprestidee Leach. Sternoxi Lat.
Type of the Genus Buprestis viridis Linn.

Aaritus Megerle. Buprestis Linn., Fab., Lat., Leach, &c.

Antenne inserted in a cavity between the eyes, close to the base
of the clypeus, serrated in both sexes, 11-jointed, 1st joint rather
short, bent at its base, 2nd and 3rd short, nearly of equal length,
4th slightly, 5th and following very much produced on the in-
ternal edge (fig. 6).

Labrum exserted, quadrate, slightly emarginate, scarcely ci-
liated (1).

Mandibles large in proportion to the rest of the mouth, trian-
gular, thick, somewhat acute (2).

Mazille membranaceous, hairy, bilobed, internal lobe small :
Palpi 4-jointed, Ist joint minute, 2nd somewhat long, clavate,
3rd short, 4th the longest, ovate, truncate (3),

Mentum triangular: Palpi apparently only 2-jointed, Ist joint
short, 2nd long, conical: Lip projecting as far as the Palpi,
acuminated, ciliated (4).

Head very retuse. Thorax cylindric, nearly quadrate, posterior margin
sinuated, produced in the centre, applied to the base of the elytra;
having a mucronated process between the anterior pair of legs. Scu-
tellum transverse, posterior margin rounded. Elytra very long, su-
bulated, slightly serrated at the apex. Wings 2. Abdomen thick,
not formed for leaping. Feet not very short. Tarsi5-jointed, 3rd
joint considerably dilated, 4th bilobed, 5th cylindric with simple claws
(5 a fore leg).

Curysris Zeigler.

Golden purple above, beneath metallic with a blackish tinge,
pubescent. Head finely and irregularly channelled longitudinally
on the crown. Thorax finely and irregularly punctured and
channelled transversely, the anterior margin slightly elevated, a
fovea in the centre near the posterior margin, and an impression
on each side. Elytra thickly and minutely punctured, having a
scabrous appearance, with a few short bristles at the apex. An-
tenne and legs eneous black. Eyes brownish black.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Stone and Mr. Griesbach.

In a former part of this work the arrangement of the exten-
sive genus Buprestis was alluded to; and through the kind-
ness of my friend W. 8. MacLeay, Esq. I am now enabled to

give the generic name of the cylindric group, which is the
subject of the present paper, as well as the specific name of
the species, which is quite new to this country.

Megerle appears to be the first who has paid attention to
this splendid family, and has, I believe, published his obser-
vations in the Vienna Transactions, which unfortunately I
have not been able to consult; the characters have therefore
been necessarily drawn from my own observations. Upon com-
parison with those of Buprestzs (folio 31), it will be seen how
essentially different the organs of manducation are, which might
be expected from the peculiar habit of the group.

The New Forest produced last year 2 species of this family
new to Britain, Buprestis nitidula, already figured, and Agri-
lus chryseis. A specimen of the latter was beat out of an old
whitethorn bush, between Brockenhurst and Bottomsley,
Hampshire, the end of September, and transmitted to Mr.
Stone; and Mr. Griesbach has favoured me with the sight of
another specimen, taken in Windsor Forest about the same
time, inclining rather more to a dull purple. ‘Two other spe-
cies of Agrilus are found in this country, Buprestis biguttata
Linn., and B. viridis Linn.; the former I have had the plea-
sure of capturing in Darent Wood in June, upon the trunks
of trees, as well as flying in the heat of the day: the latter
species appears to be universally distributed over the country,
and is much attached to the oak; I have several times found
it in Kensington Gardens, in June. Upon the continent there
are several species closely allied to this insect, which may have
been overlooked or confounded with it, from our not being
well acquainted with them.

Verbena officinalis (Vervain) is figured in the plate.

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BUPRESTIS NITIDULA.

OrbDER Coleoptera. Fam. Buprestidee. Sternoxi Lat.
Type of the Genus, Buprestis nitidula Linn.

Burrestis Linn., Fab., Curt.—Anthaxia Esch., Solier.

Antenne inserted on each side of the clypeus, at the base of the
mandibles, short, serrated in both sexes; 11-jointed, basal joint
the longest, clavate, 2nd oval, 3rd longer obovate-truncate,
remainder obtrigonate, produced internally, compressed, apical
joint minute, ovate-conic (6).

Labrum small, nearly concealed, transverse, narrowed before,
slightly emarginate and ciliated (1).

Mandibles exserted, gaping, small, very much curved, bifid at
the apex (2) with a protuberance on the inside (2 a).

Mazille small, terminated by an oval hairy lobe, notched at the
apex. Palpi moderate, 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd
elongate-ciavate, 3rd shorter and stouter, 4th as long as the
2nd; stout, slightly securiform at the apex (3).

Mentum large, transverse elliptic. Palpi small, not remote,
nearly concealed, triarticulate ? (4).

Head short, face orbicular and flat ; clypeus emarginate : eyes long,
lateral, elliptic. Thorax short, transverse, sides parallel, anterior
margin bisinuated, the angles slightly produced, base nearly straight :
sternum with a short spine resting between the cove: scutel small
and subtriangular. Elytra a little broader than the thorax, linear,
depressed, the apex subtrigonate, and rounded. Wings ample.
Legs short: thighs moderate : tibiz slender, slightly clavate, with
minute spurs at the apex: tarsi longish, 5-jointed, busal joint the
longest, clavate, 2nd and 3rd broad obcordate, 4th dilated and bi-
lobed, 5th long and clavate: claws simple (5, a fore leq).

Niriputa Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 304. 1.
Elliptic, metallic-green : head and thorax yellow-green, thickly,
minutely and irregularly punctured, the latter with a slight
channel down the back, a foveolet on each side and a large de-
pression at the posterior angles: elytra slightly rugose with
minute punctures, having numerous obscure punctured striz :
antenne, mandibles and tarsi piceous, the former green at the
base, the latter more or less greenish.
In the Cabinets of Mr. Dale and the Author.

Tuis superb family has been formed into many genera by
Eschscholtz, Serville and Solier, agreeably to the geographical
distribution of the various groups discovered in Asia, New
Holland, Madagascar, the Cape of Good Hope, &c.: the
European species have also been investigated, and are now
separated into several genera, besides Agrilus and Trachys,
which are illustrated in this work. ‘The larvee live in wood,
and are very destructive: the Buprestidze resemble the Ce-
rambycidz in their economy, and, like them, they are fre-
quently conveyed in timber in an imperfect state from their

18]

native country, which will account for the splendid exotic
species that are occasionally met with by entomologists in this
kingdom. Very few of the following, I suspect, are entitled
to a place in our British Cabinets.

Burrestis Linn. Apex of elytra not serrated.

1. splendens Fab.—Linn. Trans. vol. 10. pl. 32. f. 1, 2.

Mr. Marsham has related an extraordinary fact concerning
the longevity of this species: the perfect insect was seen to
emerge from a desk made of Baltic fir that had been in the ~
office at Guildhall upwards of twenty years, and the desk
having been afterwards planed, the passage was discovered |
which the insect had formed: it is probable that it had re-
mained in the larva state the greater portion of that period.

AnTuaxia Esch.

2. nitidula Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 31.

This brilliant little species was first detected by Mr. Dale —
and myself, the early part of last June (1824), in an excursion —
to the New Forest: we beat four out of whitethorn flowers —
in the neighbourhood of Brockenhurst, in the heat of the day,
at which time they flew with very great celerity. Mr. Dale
has subsequently taken it as early as the 19th May.
3. Salicis Fab.— Don. v. 4. pl. 127.—Pz. 1, 12.

“8th June, on bark of an old willow between Dulwich
Common and Norwood.” Donovan. .
4. quadripunctata Linn.— Oliv. 2. no. 32. t. 10. f. 117.

I think it is this species which Mrs. Griffiths found near
Torquay.

Puznors Meg. Apex of elytra serrated.

5. tarda Gyll. —Panz. 68, 21.

Taken near Windsor by Mr. J. H. Griesbach.

ANCYLOCHEIRA Esch. Apex of elytra tridentate.

6. flavomaculata Fab.—Mars., Panz. 22, 9.

On trunks of Lombardy poplars, St. George’s fields.
7. rustica Linn.—Mars., Pz. 68, 19. Elytra bidentate.

Several times recorded as British. Olid Brompton, Mr. G. —
Waterhouse.
DicereEa Esch. Latipaupis Soli. Apex of elytra bidentate.
8. wnea Linn.—Oliv. v. 2. no. 32. t. 6. f- 57. carniolica Fab,

June, near Ebberley House, Devonshire, Mr. Hole.

Lampra Meg. lytra serrated or dentated.

9. rutilans Fab.— Panz. 22, 8.
June, near Matlock, Derbyshire, but on what authority I
know not. It is one of the most brilliant of the European
Buprestidz, although it does not equal the superb colours of

Ps ;

some of the eastern species, which are greatly esteemed by the |
ladies of China, whose dresses are often embroidered with the —

resplendent elytra of the Buprestis vittata.
Crategus Oxyacantha, Hawthorn or Whitethorn is figured.

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Sibby SF Gurtie London Fob: 11625

MELASIS BUPRESTOIDES.

OrpeErR Coleoptera. Fam. Sternoxi Lat. Buprestide Leach.

Type of the Genus Elater buprestoides Linn.

Metasis Faé., Oliv., Lat. Elater Linn.

Antenne inserted between the eyes near the margin, 11-jointed :
male pectinated ; 1st joint long, 2nd small globose, 3rd short, 4th
and following pectinated (6); female serrated; 1st joint long,
2nd and 3rd of nearly equal length somewhat cylindric, 4th and
following joints less produced internally and more robust than in
the male (6. a.)

Labrum concealed beneath the clypeus, very minute, slightly
emarginate (1.)

Mandibles trigonate strong acute, slightly indented on the inter-
nal edge (2.)

Mazilie short terminated by a membranaceous and _ hairy lobe :
Palpi hairy 4-jointed, 1st joint small, 2nd large, 3rd short secu-
riform, 4th large, dilated in the middle, slightly truncated (3.)
Mentum transverse, anterior angles rounded, with a small tooth
in the centre: Palpi attached to 2 moveable scapes, arising
together from behind the mentum, 3-jointed, 1st joint long, 2nd
shorter, 3rd large truncated, having apparently a small tubercle
in the centre: Lip long, bifid, membranaceous (4.)

Head broad, nearly concealed in the thorax. Eyes small. Thorax
more or less emarginate before, posterior angles produced into spines.
Sternum not mucronated. ——<— long. Body eylindric. Wings 2.
Legs short. 'Tibize d70a Tarsi compressed entire, 5-jointed,
lst joint the broadest and ipaeet, terminal joint slender. Claws
simple (5 a fore leq). eS

Saal
Burrestores Linn. Syst. nat. t. 1. pars 2. p. 656.—flabellicornis
Fab. Ent. Syst. t. 1. pars 1. p. 244.
Obscure black, glossy, inclining frequently to castaneous, espe-
cially the elytra. Antenne, palpi and legs rufous. Head pu-
bescent punctured. Thorax slightly narrowed behind closely
covered with small scabrous tubercles, with an impressed line
down the centre. LElytra appearing rough under a lens with
9 strize gradually approximating from the base to the apex.—In
some specimens the elytra are chesnut colour, and the abdomen
beneath somewhat rufous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Or this genus, which connects the Bwprestide with the Hlate-
rida, there is but one species known to inhabit our island; and

as it varies exceedingly in size and colour as well as in the
strength of its sculpture, it is probable that Olivier’s and Panzer’s
figures are of our insect, although Gyllenhal is disposed to hold —
a contrary opinion.

Dr. Leach divided the Sternozxi of Latreille into two families,
and has referred MeZasis to the latter, from its wanting the spring
beneath, which distinguishes the Hateride ; its very cylindric
form also, (so very much approaching the group containing
Buprestis viridis Li.) separates it at once from the Haters ; at
the same time it cannot be denied that the space between the
elytra and thorax, and the thick terminal joint of the palpi do k
not well agree with the Buprestida.

The specific name which our insect bears in both the works of a
Linnzus has been restored, as well from respect as in justice to f
that great man ; and it is to be regretted that the praise due to —
Fabricius for having established the genus, should have been
diminished by the unnecessary confusion he has created, in chang-
ing the Linnean specific name, and afterwards describing another —
insect under the name of Hater buprestoides.

In the year 1811 I found a perfect specimen dead in the
decayed arm of a tree, in a wood ‘in the neighbourhood of Hales-
worth, Suffolk. Dr. Herschel, however, is said to have first
observed it at Windsor; it has since been taken in some abun-
dance in a decayed tree in the New Forest, by Mr. Samouelle
and Mr. Chant: the males are frequently smaller than the females,
—one of the former sex is figured. It is common in Sweden and
Germany, but rare about Paris and in Britain. Latreille says it~
walks badly, and if it fly, it cannot apply the vigour and activity
which so strongly mark the family to which it belongs.

It inhabits dead decaying trees, which it perforates like the
Anobia ; it has been detected in the beech, sallow, alder, and
birch.

The plant figured is Linum perenne (Perennial Flax), com-
municated by Professor Henslow.

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694.
ELATER ATERRIMUS.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Elateride.
Type of the Genus, Elater cupreus Fab.

Exater Linn., Fab., Gyll., Curt.—Ludius Lat.

Antenne inserted before the eyes, on each side of the clypeus,
longer than the head and thorax, 11-jointed, basal joint short
stoutish and ovate, 2nd and sometimes the 3rd minute and oval,
the remainder compressed oblong, serrated or pectinated in-
ternally in the male (6).

Labrum transverse-semiovate, the margins ciliated with long
bristles, the apex trigonate, fleshy and pubescent (1).
Mandibles broad at the base, very much curved, the apex broad
and bifid, the internal margin membranous and ciliated below
the middle (2).

Mazille terminating in 2 very pilose lobes. Palpi short, stout,
clavate and 4-jointed, basal joint small, subglobose, 2nd elon-
gate, pear-shaped, truncated obliquely, 3rd shorter, obovate,
4th the longest, hatchet-shaped (3).

Mentum transverse, narrowed anteriorly with a few long bristles
at the angles. Lip rather long and trigonate. Palpi inserted
near the sides towards the apex, short and triarticulate, 2 basal
joints small, obovate, 3rd large and hatchet-shaped (4).

Head subovate: eyes small lateral and orbicular. ‘Thorax consider-
ably broader than the head, elongate-ovate, truncated before and at
the base, which is broadest and sinuated, the angles produced into
spines ; the sternum with a spine beneath (T'*), which resis in a
cavity between the intermediate core: scutel distinct and ovate.
Elytra a little broader than the thorax, very long, the apex more or
less conical, sometimes notched. Wings ample. Legs moderate and
slender: thighs short: tibize simple: tarsi slender, sometimes lobed,
5-jointed, basal joint not longer than the terminal one: claws long
and slender (5, a fore leq).

Arerrimus Linn. F. S. No. 726.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 309. 23.
Opake charcoal-black, clothed with minute depressed black
hairs: clypeus trigonate and extending a little over the labrum;
the trophi nearly concealed: antenne not longer than the thorax,
punctured, serrated, 2nd and $rd joints minute: head and thorax
thickly punctured and finely ’shagreened, the latter oval, with
the hinder angles a little divaricating, acute with sharp edges,
a short channel near the base: scutel and elytra thickly punc-
tured, the latter slightly glossy, somewhat bluish-black, the
strie clean and punctured; apex emarginate, forming 2 small
points: legs very slender, knees a little ferruginous; claws

.ochreous: underside minutely punctured.
In the Author’s Cabinet.

Tue larvee of these insects live in decayed trees, under the
bark and in the earth, they have horny skins, and one of them,

Cs

called the wire-worm, is very destructive in our fields and
gardens. The beetles are called Elaters from a singular power
they possess of leaping when laid on their backs, by which
means they recover their legs; when thus placed they some-
times contract their legs and lie as if dead, but they shortly
press their extremities against the surface on which they are
placed, and by means of the spine and socket before alluded
to, they dexterously leap up several inches. They fly well,
and are found on trees, grass, under stones, in flowers, decayed
wood, under bark, &c. At least 700 species have been disco-
vered in different parts of the world, which have been divided
into genera by Eschscholtz; but I can do no more than give
a type of each of those that are British.

Streatoperus Esch.
1. ferrugineus Linn.—Don. 10. 356. 1.—Panz. 10. 10.
Ludius Zat.—Ctenicera Lat.
4. pectinicornis Linn.—Don. 10. 356. 2.—Panz. 77. 1.
Ampedus Meg.—Elater Esch.
8. sanguineus Linn.—Don. 15. 508. 2.—Panz. 5. 3.
Limonius Esch.
16. minutus Linn.—angustus Herb.
Aplotarsus Ste.
21. bipustulatus Linn.—Panz. 76. 10.
Ectinus Esch.?
23. aterrimus Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 694.
My specimen, the only one I have seen, was taken at
Windsor by Mr. C. Griesbach. Ido not doubt that it is the

true aterrimus, but Gyllenhal’s seems to be another species.

Lepidotus Meg.
25. holosericeus Fab. — Oliv. 2. 31. t. 3. f. 33.—undulatus Herb.
Agrypnus Esch.
26. murinus Linn.—Oliv. v. 2. gen. 31. t. 2. f. 9.
Melanotus Lsch.—Cratonychus De).
27. fulvipes Herb.—castanipes Mars.
Sericosomus Serv.—Sericus Esch.
29. brunneus Linn.— Oliv. t. 3. f. 30.
Agriotes Esch.
30. sputator Linn.—variabilis Herb.
Hypolithus Esch.—Cryptohypnus Esch.
33. agricola Zet.—Don. 16. 545.
Selatosomus Ste.
39. zeneus Z.—impressus, cyaneus, Don. 15. 535. 1 and 2.
Drasterius Esch.
41. bimaculatus Fab.—Panz. 76. 9.
Cardiophorus Esch.
42. thoracicus Fab.—Panz. 6. 12.
Ctenonychus Ste.
45. cylindrus Leach.
Athéus Esch.
47. niger Linn.—Ol. t. 6. f. 65.—nigrinus Mars.
Dolopius Esch.
55. marginatus Linn.—lateralis Ol. ¢. 8. f. 80.—suturalis, fulvus, Mars.
Adrastus Esch.
56. limbatus Fab.—Ol. t. 7. f. 73.? nitidulus Mars.—pusillus Herb.

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216.
DASCILLUS CERVINUS.

Orvrr Coleoptera. Fam. Telephoridz Leach.
Malacodermi Lat.
Type of the Genus Chrysomela cervina Linn.

Dascitius Lat.—Atopa Payk., Fab., Gyll.—Cistela Oliv.—Crioceris
Marsh.—Chrysomela Linn.—Ptinus De Geer.
Antenne inserted on each side the nasus before the eyes, long,
filiform, pubescent, 11-jointed; Ist and 2nd joints small, 3rd
longer than the 4th, the remainder slightly increasing in length
to the last which is as long as the 3rd and subemarginate at the
apex (6).
Labrum tongue-shaped, thick and rigid at the base, membranous
and pubescent at the margin (1).
Mandibles alike, long porrected, slightly bent and lanceolate to-
wards the apex, witha tooth on the internal side, very much dilated
at the base, with a thin submembranous margin at the angle (2).
Mazille terminated by 2 lobes, the inner and smaller one coria-
ceous and pilose, the outer one long, divided into 2 very pilose
and membranous lacinie, the internal the broadest and shortest.
—Palpilong, filiform, pilose, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd the
longest, 3rd about half as long, 4th rather longer and broader
wedge-shaped, somewhat obovate-elongate (3).
Mentum triangular, anterior margin rounded. Labium elongated,
forming two divaricating membranous and pubescent lobes, each
being divided into 2 laciniz, the external one the shortest.— Palpi
arising from the sides of the lip, shorter than the lobes, triarti-
culate, 2 first joints short producing a few long hairs, 3rd almost
as long as the other 2, obovate, but truncated a little obliquely
(4). ‘ *

Head rather smail. Eyes small lateral. Thorax broader than the head
transverse, narrowed before, sides margined, posterior margin sinuated,
the angles acute. Scutellum semiorbicular. Elytra elongate-ovate,
convex margined. Wings ample. Tibi somewhat clavate, with 2
spines at the apex. Tarsi5-jointed, 3 first subcordate, each producing
2 fleshy lobes beneath, 4th bilobed, membranous at the inner edges,
dth slender clavate. Claws bent. Pulvilli very minute (5, a fore leg).

Cervinus Linn. Faun, Suec. 575.— Payk. Faun, Suec. 2. 116.

Black, densely clothed with ochraceous depressed pubescence,
minutely and thickly punctured ; tips of mandibles, palpi and tarsi,
inclining to castaneous : elytra having several lines of irregular
and rather strong punctures.

Cinerea Fab. Ent, Syst. 2.42.2. Black; elytra, antenne and
legs dull ferruginous, the whole covered withochreous pubescence.
Cinerea Marsh, Ent. Brit. 220. 3.—Ferruginous, beneath fus-
cous, covered with ochreous pubescence.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue imperfect knowledge that Linnzeus unfortunately had of
the trophi of insects not only often led him into error, but
prevented him probably from bequeathing to the world a more
natural system than has hitherto been discovered. Fabricius
no doubt finding that it was impossible to form a natural sy-
stem by mere analogy, began to examine the Instrumenta
Cibaria; and this led Latreille to the accurate and elaborate
investigations which have been the admiration of men of
science; and to his successful labours we are indebted for the
comparative facility with which the affinities of the minutest
insects are determined. The first work in which that learned
naturalist showed his attachment to the Fabrician system, was
his “ Précis des Caractéres Génériques des Insectes,” pub-
lished in 1796, in which insects were first divided into families,
and their characters derived from the mouth. In this work
the genus Dascillus was established; and about two years
after, Paykul characterized the same insect under the name of
Atopa. The remarkable structure of the maxille and labium
are alone sufficient to separate it from all other insects, and
could not fail to attract the notice of these acute observers of
Nature.

The two species described of this genus are probably merely
varieties or the sexes of

D. Cervinus Linn.—The'beetle represented upon the plant
seems to be the Linneean insect, and the magnified figure shows
the tawny variety, which may be the female. The scent of se-
veral of these which I took off Alders and Brambles was very
offensive and powerful, similar to that of the house-bug; whereas
the dark ones either had no scent, or smelt merely of the plant
on which they were found. ;

D. Cervinus and its varieties appear in May and June, and
are very abundant in the north of England and in Scotland :
on the 25th of last June there were multitudes upon various
plants, and on the May-flowers, on the mountains near Am-
bleside.

Mr. A. Mathews, A.L.S. has informed me, that whilst he
was collecting Orchidez in Kent on the 29th of May, 1825,
he found three specimens of our beetle at the roots of Orchis
ustulata, about four inches beneath the surface of the ground,
which induced him to suspect that the larvee might feed upon
the roots of that plant. The Dwarf Orchis was in flower upon
the spot where I met with two or three specimens, ascending
Arthur’s Seat.

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602.
ELODES PINI.

OrbeER Coleoptera. Fam. Telephoride.
Type of the Genus, Cyphon lividus Fab.

Exopes Lat., Curt.—Cyphon Payk., Fab., Gyll.—Cistela Fab., Panz.
—Galleruca Fab.—Crioceris Mars.—Chrysomela Linn.

Antenne nearly or quite as long as the insect, not very remote,
inserted in front of the face, between the eyes, filiform and 11-
jointed, basal joint the stoutest, obovate, 2nd subglobose, 3rd
minute globose, 4th elongated, the remainder rather shorter, a
little dilated at the apex, sometimes giving them a slightly ser-
rated appearance, 11th joint rounded at the apex (6, the 4 basal
and last joints).

Labrum large, transverse-ovate, hairy, slightly emarginate in
the centre (1).

Mandibles dilated a little at the base, terminating in a strong
curved and acute claw, densely ciliated on both sides (2).
Mazille terminated by 2 slender lobes, internal one the shortest,
both ovate and densely ciliated at the apex. Palpz hairy, 4-
jointed, basal joint obovate-truncate, 2nd long and clavate, 3rd
ovate, as long as the Ist; 4th nearly as long as the 2nd, elliptic,
apex a little acuminated (38).

Mentum transverse, basal angles acute, anterior rounded, con-
cave before with the centre a little produced. Lip long broad
cordate and ciliated, formed of 2 parallel lobes. Palpi attached
to 2 scapes at the base of the lip, triarticulate, basal joint elon-
gated, 2nd stout, hairy outside, subpyriform-truncate, 3rd rather
short, subfusiform, bicurved (4); sometimes the 2nd joint is
elongated and the terminal one seems to be attached to the
middle (p).

Head nutant, suborbicular: eyes lateral, orbicular. Thorax transverse,
semiorbicular, projecting over the head, the margins a little reflected,
the base bisinuated: scutellum trigonate. Elytra long and elliptical.
Wings ample. Abdomen furnished with an exserted tube in one
sex, open beneath and cleft at the apex, the lobes producing 2 diva-
ricating clavate processes ciliated at the apex (10). Legs, anterior
a little the shortest, hinder the longest: thighs compressed, rather
inflated : tibizee armed with spiny bristles externally, spurred at the
apex ; hinder pair long and curved (5 +): tarsi hairy, 5-jointed, basal
joint elongated especially in the hinder pair, 3rd short, 4th bilobed,
5th small, clavate, claws small (5, a fore leg).

Pini Curt. Guide, Gen. 312.
Pitchy shining, thickly and minutely punctured, and clothed
with short yellow pubescence: thorax very short, the anterior
margin not projecting over the head, which is rather broad :
elytra ovate, twice as broad as the thorax, the shoulders pro-
jecting: antenne piceous, 3 basal joints ochreous; mouth and
legs ochreous, tarsi fuscous except the basal and apical joints.

In the Author's Cabinet.

Tue trophi of Elodes are very different to those of Dascillus
(pl. 216.), to which it is considered to be allied; and the labial
palpi have sometimes a furcate appearance from the apical
joint being inserted at the middle of the antecedent one, but
as this character does not seem to be common to all, it may
be only a sexual or specific distinction.

The following are British species.

1. melanurus Fab.—pallida Mars. p. 227. n. 20.

‘“‘Inhabits the white-thorn and umbelliferous plants.” Sam.
June, Isle of Wight; July, Glengariff; Aug., alders, Lynd-
hurst. J.C.

2. letus Panz. fasc. 8. n. 8.

June, out of an oak near Lyndhurst. J. C.

3. lividus #.—mollis Mars.—assimilis and testaceusSte. vars. ?
Panzer’s pallida fas. 8.'7. seems to be this species, although
his description is that of melanurus.

March, Coomb Wood; June, Shooter’s Hill: J. C. ** June
on the leaves of willows and alders.” Dill.

4. obscurus Ste. ‘ A single specimen caught within the me-
tropolitan district.”

5. marginatus Fab.—nimbata Panz. 24. 15.

June, alders, near Ambleside, J. C.; Leeds, Mr. Atkinson;
‘‘ on various plants in moist parts of the Penllergare woods.”
Dill.

6. pubescens Fab.—Cryp. dorsalis Mars. j

Common everywhere on reeds and alders.

7. griseus F.—coarctatus Pk.—nigricans and concolor Mars.
vars.

Common everywhere. June, meadows, near Ambleside.

8. Padi Linn.—discolor Panz. 99. 8.

Common in Norfolk and around London.

9. ater Ste. ‘ Found near London.”

10. ochraceus Ste. Taken at Ripley.
11. immunis Ste. Found near Windsor.
12. Pini Curt. B. E. pl. 602.

This insect has so much the habit of S. hemisphericus that
it forms a connecting link between it and Elodes: Ihave found
it in Scotland, and in great numbers in July 1835, on the
Larches at Castle Connel near Limerick. It agrees with Gyl-
lenhal’s var. b of E. griseus, but not with Marsham’s C. nigri-
cans, and as I have not detected a single variety I have no
doubt of its being a distinct species.

13. angulosus Mars. 228. 24. June, rare in woods, Surrey.
14. dubius Ste. June, rare in woods, Kent.
The Plant is Verbascum nigrum (Black Mullein).

b-/829
263.

LYCUS MINUTUS.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Telephoridae Leach.—Malaco-
dermi Lat.

Type of the Genus Lampyris sanguineus Linn.

Lycus Fab., Oliv., Lat., Leach—Cantharis Linn.—Lampyris Linn.
Marsh., Don.
Antenne inserted at the base of the clypeus, rather stoutest in
the middle, compressed, sometimes pectinatea, 11-jointed, basal
joint not so long as the 3rd, the 2nd smallest, both subovate, 3rd
and remainder subovate-truncate, slightly decreasing in length
to the last which is rather longer and oval (6).
Labrum exserted, semiorbicular, producing long bristles and a
large rounded and pubescent membrane beneath (1), Tongue?
rounded membranous and pubescent being the counterpart of
the membrane of the labrum.
Mandibles small, slender, bent and very acute, having a few
bristles on the external surface (2).
Maxille terminated by a straight lanceolate lobe clothed with
long hairs, internally ciliated with curved hairs, producing a
small lobe below. Palpi all nearly uniform, 4-jointed, basal
joint the smallest, truncated obliquely; 2nd large obtrigonate,
3rd smaller transverse, 4th the largest hatchet-shaped (3).
Mentum oblong. Lip very small and pubescent. Palpi very
robust, triarticulate, basal joint the smallest, cylindric, truncated
obliquely, 2nd obtrigonate, 3rd rather the largest, hatchet-
shaped (4).

Nasus sometimes produced and forming with the mouth a kind of ros-
trum. Head short. Eyes small. Thorax subquadrate, or semi-
orbicular, rugose. Scutellum trapezoid. Elytra depressed, very long
and twice as broad as the thorax. Wings ample. Legs robust.
Tibie truncated obliquely, with very minute spurs. ‘Tarsi 5-jointed,
basal joint the smallest, 2nd and 3rd obcordate, 4th bilobed, 5th
slender. Claws small and acute, with a tooth near the base, (5, a

fore leg).

Minvurus Oliv., Fab.—pusilla Gmel.—Marsh. 363. 3.

Black, covered with short depressed hairs. Antenne with the
apical joint ochreous. Thorax with the margin elevated, the
anterior portion forming 3 deep fovez, the centre one divided
with a small deep impression near the middle; the posterior
portion forming 2 large fovee, the angles acute. Elytra scarlet,
with 4 elevated lines on each, the spaces between forming a
double row of reticulations, composed of curved hairs.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue outline of the European species of Lycus is sublinear ;
whilst that of tropical climates is dilated towards the apex of
the elytra, and is sometimes nearly orbicular, occasioning the
greatest disproportion between the trunk, and the elytra and
wings; they differ also in colour, the former being black and
red, the latter of different shades of orange, blue and black.

I cannot refrain from noticing the great similitude there is
in form and colour between some of the Brazilian Ceramby-
cidze and Lycus; but whether there exists any absolute affi-
nity I am not prepared to prove. It may, however, be stated
that although several species of our genus are found in flowers,
especially of umbellate plants, they also inhabit the decaying
trunks of trees; and in the structure of the antennze they ap-
proach the Prionidee.

Of this beautiful genus 2 species have been detected in
Britain.

1. L. minutus Ol’v.—Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 263.

This insect is said to inhabit Oaks and Hedges, from June
to September. I have seen one taken by Mr. Brightwell, the
middle of Sept. 1810, in a grove about 3 miles from Linton
in Cambridgeshire; it was found entangled and dead in a
spider’s web: the specimen figured, I took on a Mountain
Ash in August, in the neighbourhood of Tonbridge Wells.
2. L. festivus Don. Brit. Ins. v. 16. pl. 544.

Antenne pectinated, black. Thorax and elytra tawny-orange,
excepting the disk of the former, and the apex of the latter.

Mr. Donovan obtained a specimen from the late Mr. Drury’s
Cabinet.

The plant is Luphraséa officinalis (Common Eye-bright).

IS~/93%
698.
LAMPYRIS NOCTILUCA.

The Glow-worm.

OrveErR Coleoptera. Fam. Lampyride.
Type of the Genus, Lampyris noctiluca Linn.
Lampyris Linn., Fab., Lat., Curt.
Antenne approximating, inserted in front of the head between
the eyes, shorter than the thorax, pubescent, filiform, com-
pressed, 11-jointed, basal joint the longest and stoutest, 2nd
ovate-truncate, 3rd and 4th longer than the following, which
gradually decrease in size, 10th the smallest, 11th longer, ovate-
conic, the apex slightly emarginated on the side (6).
Labrum rather membranous at the base, semicircular, the basal
angles produced, margin clothed with long stout bristles (1).
Mandibles small, sublinear, rounded and bristly externally to-
wards the apex, which is acuminated (2).
Maville terminating in a narrow, leathery, densely hairy lobe,
somewhat pointed. Palpi comparatively large, stout, subfusi-
form, hairy and 4-jointed, basal joint the smallest, 2nd large
obconic-truncate, the apex fleshy and white as well as the 3rd,
which is more cup-shaped, 4th the longest and conical, the apex
compressed (3).
Mentum very small, scutcheon-shaped, the anterior angles ex-
cised for the insertion of the Palpi, which are much smaller than
the maxillary, sublinear, slightly pilose and composed of 3 in-
distinctly articulated joints, basal joint oblong, 2nd more cup-
shaped, 3rd the longest, subovate. Labium narrow and hairy (4).
Head completely concealed under the thorux (‘T, the underside of both)
and sunk in a cavity: eyes very large and globose in the male, and
nearly meeting beneath. ‘Thorax semi-ovate with a horny margin,
the base truncated and sinuated, the angles slightly produced : scutel
subovate. Elytra scarcely broader than the thorax, but 4 times as
long, depressed, somewhat coriaceous, linear, the apex rounded. Wings
ample. Abdomen depressed. Legs short, nearly alike: thighs slen-
der : tibizee compressed, narrowed at the base: tarsi 5-jointed, basal
joint oblong, 2nd and 3rd somewhat obtrigonate, ith bilobed, 5th as
long as the \st ; slender and clavate: claws simple and hooked (5
a fore leg). Female larger, apterous ; 4 apical segments of abdo-
men phosphorescent beneath: eyes small.
Larve and Pupe similar to the female.

Noctituca Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 315. 1.

Male fuscous, thickly and coarsely punctured and clothed with
very short ochreous depressed hairs: thorax with a lurid ochre-
ous margin, with two diaphanous lunate lines in front, the disc
shining ; elytra with 4 obscure elevated somewhat oblique lines
on each: eyes black: legs fuscous-ochre, brightest at the base:
abdomen with the 2 or 3 terminal segments ochreous beneath.
Female reddish-brown, no diaphanous lines on the thorax: 2
basal segments of abdomen with ochreous and orange angles,
the 3 terminal ones edged with ochre above, broadest in the ter-
minal one, entirely ochreous beneath.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Or all the minor works of Creation, none seems to make a
stronger impression upon the youthful mind than the Glow-
worm. In the warm and calm evenings of the early summer
months, this insect emits a mild pale light, which seems like
a terrestrial star shining from a bush or bank; sometimes it
moves, and varies in its power. Our astonishment is great when
we first behold this novel.phanomenon ; and if we search for
the cause, it is increased on finding that it proceeds from a
crawling insect; for the male, which alone has wings and is able
to fly, gives but very little light.

The fire-flies of Italy, which exhibit a much more brilliant
light than our glow-worm, belong to the same genus of beetles,
and in warmer latitudes there are prodigious quantities and
great varieties of this tribe; I believe, however, that it is ad-
mitted by travellers that the light of all is inferior to the splen-
did illumination of the fire-fly of the West Indies, the Hlater
noctilucus, which, through the kindness of my friend J. C.
Lees, Esq., of New Providence, I have seen alive in this
country.

It is presumed that the phosphoric light of the glow-worm
is necessary to enable the males to discover their mates, since
it is in the night alone that they are active; for in the day they
lie concealed. Sometimes a large number of the males are
attracted by the light of a candle; Mr. Dale informs me that
he took forty in this way in one night, and that he has found
the glow-worm from the end of June to the 14th of Novem-
ber: the larvee and pupz appear as early as the end of March
or the beginning of April, and I believe they also emit light.

It will be remembered that the head of the glow-worm is
perfectly concealed beneath the thorax, which forms a shieid
over it in both sexes, and that there are frequently in the males
two semitransparent spots in front of the thorax, which are
doubtless to admit of the light falling upon the eyes, which
are very large in that sex, and exceedingly minutely reticu-
lated.

For specimens of the Purple Mountain Milk-vetch, Astra-
galus hypoglottis, 1 am indebted to E. F, Witts, Esq., who
gathered them near Slaughter in Gloucestershire.

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Lib by S Curtis Londen June 4488

TELEPHORUS CYANEUS.

OrpDeER Coleoptera. Fam. Telephoridee Leach.
Malacodermi Lat.

Type of the Genus Cantharis fusca Linn.

TeLeruorus Schef., DeGeer, Oli at., Leach—Cantharis Linn.,
Fab., Payk., Panz., Marsh., Gyll. —
Antenne inserted before the eyes on each side the nasus, long,
subsetaceous compressed, pubescent, more slender in the male
than female; 11-jointed, basal joint the most robust, 2nd small,
srd shorter than the 4th, which is nearly as long as the Ist, the
remainder scarcely decreasing in size to the last which is fusi-
form conic (6).
Labrum fleshy, concealed beneath the nasus, somewhat turbinate,
notched at the apex (1).
Mandibles transverse, long, slender, slightly bent and acute, di-
lated at the base and externally pilose (2).
Macille terminated by a membranous, quadrate pubescent lobe,
behind which, near the internal margin, is a smailer one. Palpi
4-jointed, pilose, basal joint small, 2nd twice as long, subclavate
truncate, 3rd shorter ovate, 4th large securiform (3).
Mentum membranous quadrate. Labiwm transverse quadrate,
pilose at the margin, divided in the middle, anterior angles trun-
cated, from which arise the Palpi, composed of 2 joints, the basal
one somewhat cup-shaped, 2nd securiform (4).

Males less robust than the females. Head vertical, suborbicular. Nasus
horny, subtrigonate notched at the apex (la). Eyes small remote.
Thorax suborbicular. Scutellum obtrigonate. Elytra as long as the
Abdomen which is soft. Wings ample. Legs rather long and stout.
Tibize with 2 remote spines at the apex. Tarsi, anterior the shortest,
all 5-jointed, submembranous, concave beneath, basal joint the longest,
3rd cordate, 4th bilobed, 5th clavate slender. Claws bent, dilated
at the base. Pulvilli none (5, a fore leg).

Larve inhabit the earth, and are probably carnivorous.

Cyanevus Nob.—abdominalis Panz. 84. 5.
Black shining pubescent. Face, thorax and abdomen rufous
ochre, basal joint of antenne of the same colour tipped with
black. Palpi and apex of mandibles piceous. Thorax very smooth,
anterior margin piceous. Elytra blackish cyaneous, rugose, with
3 very obscure lines on each. Claws ochraceous. .

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue antennz of the Telephori are not only different in the
sexes, but vary slightly in the same species, and sometimes

Q

Tecede so far from the type as to have only ten joints: this,
however, might be a casual imperfection rather than an ex-
ception. The labrum is a mere membranous appendage at-
tached beneath the clypeus or nasus, which assumes the shape
of an upper lip, and in a great measure, probably, supplies its
place.

The Telephori are found during the months of May, June,
and July, upon trees, plants, &c. especially amongst the blos-
soms of the White Thorn and Umbelliferze, to which they re-
sort,—not to feed upon the flowers, but upon the insects which
congregate in multitudes in such situations. I have frequently
seen them with insects in their mouths; and last year I ob-
served T. lividus eating a small Ichneumon, and took another
of the same species holding an Empis between its mandibles,
which it had sucked or masticated till nothing of the body, ex-
cepting the skin, was left. 7. fuscus will prey upon its own
species.

The following are natives of Britain:

TELEPHORUS.
1. alpinus Gy/l. 14. dispar Fab. Schef. 16. 9.—livida

2. cyaneus Nob.

It).—rufipes Herb.

3. rusticus Gyll.—fuscus Oliv. 2. t. 1. 15. Cantianus Leach ?
iia ke 16. pellucidus Fab. Schaef. 16. 12.
4. fuscus Linn.—DeG. 4. t.2.f.5—15. 17. thoracicus Gyll.— Oliv. ? 2.t. 1. f.2.
—Schef. 16. f. 10. —fulvicollis I/.—bicolor Herb.
5. obscurus Linn. Syst. Nat.— Gyll.— 18. ater Linn. Olw. 2. t.1.f. 3.
Schaef. 16. 8. 19. flavilabris Gyll.
6. discoideus Kirby’s M.SS. 20. ZEthiopsNob.— Upon grass, moun-
7. analis Fab.? tains, Ambleside.
8. nigricans Fab. — obscura Linn. | 21. fuscicornis QJ. 2. t. 1. f. 4.—fla-
Faun. Suec.—Schef. 16. 13. vicollis Mar. — melanocephala
g. lituratus Fall. — Gyll. — assimilis Panz. 39. 12.
var.6. Payk.—Schef.? 16. 14. 22. testaceus Linn.—Panz. 57. 4.
10. clypeatus J. ? Gyll.—testacea Scop. | 23. pallidus Fab. Panz. 85. 7.—pal-
—nivea Panz. 57. 5. lipes Fab. Oliv. 2. pl. 1. f. 5.
11. rufus Linn. ? Gyjll.—livida Panz. 24. lateralis Linn.
Sipe 5. marginatus Fab. ?
12, bicolor Fab. — Panx 39. 13.— | 26. longicornis Fab.
Schaef. 16. 15. 27. melanurus Fab. Panz. 85. 6.

13, lividus Linn.—Oliv. 2. t. 2. f. 8. 28.

ruficollis Fab. Martin, t. 29. f. 11.
—Sam. pl. 3. f. 4.—flayus DeG.

4hr. 11. 9.

T. Aithiops resembles C. tristis of Panzer, but is much
smaller; and the antennz are only pale beneath at the base.

T. cyaneus is confined to the northern districts: it has been
found in Yorkshire by Mr. Atkinson; and last June I took
three specimens at Ambleside, near some oak-trees. Mr. Mar-
shall about the same time captured several flying over the top
of an oak in Cumberland. Our insect agrees perfectly with
Panzer’s figure of C. abdominalis, but it differs from the Fa-
brician species in the colour of the thorax; and its entirely
black legs distinguish it from the C. violacea of Paykul and
Gyllenhal.

The beautiful plant represented, Primula farinosa (Moun-_
tain Auricula) was in flower in abundance on the sides of the
mountains near Ambleside at the same time.

4) Lad tgreneh

167

198,
167.

MALACHIUS BISPINOSUS.

Orpver Coleoptera. Fam. Melyridee Leach. Malaco-
dermi Lad.

Type of the Genus Cantharis bipustulatus Linn.

Maracutius Fab., Oliv., Lat., Panz., Gyll.—Telephorus DeG.—Can-
tharis Linn., Marsh.
Antenne inserted in a socket before the eyes in front of the head,
subsetaceous, more robust in the males than females, varying
much in the form of the joints, which are 11, the basal one the
most robust in the males, the 4th in some females (fig. 6), the
joints generally clavate truncate, but sometimes very much pro-
duced on the inside, terminal joint long ovate.
Labrum exserted, submembranous, somewhat crescent-shaped
pilose (1).

» Mandibles exserted, subtrigonate, semitransparent, acute, bifid

at the apex, pilose on the outer margin (2).
Maxille bilobed, membranous and ciliated at their apex. Palpi
4-jointed, pilose, short and robust, basal joint very short trun-
cated obliquely, 2nd and 3rd alike in form, terminal joint sub-
conic, terminated by a vesicle (3).
Mentum small, somewhat semicircular, appearing emarginate in
front. Lip large thick and coriaceous at the base, membranous
and pubescent at the apex which is rounded. Palpi inserted on
the sides of the lip midway ; short pilose, biarticulate, Ist joint
clavate, 2nd ovate elongate, terminated by a vesicle (4).

Head transverse retractile. Eyes small, prominent. Thorax broader
than the head, suborbicular, the margins flat, with papille under the
anterior angles. Elytra soft, elongate ovate. Scutellum minute.
Wings 2. Abdomen producing papillae on each side at the base.
Legs long, especially the last pair. Tibie simple, the hinder pair
being slightly curved. Tarsi 5-jointed, decreasing in length to the
last joint which is as long as the basal one and dilated at the extre-
mity. Claws simple, dilated at the base. Pulvilli large bilobed (5,

a fore leg).

Bispinosus Steph., Nob.

Clothed with very short yellowish pubescence, the head and
elytra towards their apex producing black bristles. Head and
thorax shining green, sometimes inclining to blue ; antenne of
a duller green, the underside of the basal joints, the mouth and
surrounding parts as far as the eyes and the margins of the thorax
orange. Scutellum and elytra dull, yellowish green, the latter
with an orange coloured acuminate process at the apex next the
suture and 3 obscure strie on each. Legs yellowish green.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Stephens and the Author.

Ma.acuius (a name derived from the Greek, and alluding
to the soft and delicate texture of the insect,) was first esta-
blished as a genus by Fabricius. May and June are the
months that produce these beetles, some of them appearing
occasionally in abundance. M. eneus I have seen in great
plenty flying in the sunshine in grass fields, and M. bipustu-
Jatus upon the flowers of umbellate plants, where they either
fed upon the flowers or upon the insects which they attracted.
They are nearly all of a fine green, inclining more or less to
blue or yellow, spotted or marked with orange or scarlet: but
the peculiarity most worthy of observation is the curious red
inflated appendages like little bladders, on the sides of the
thorax and abdomen, which may be for the purpose of en-
abling the insect to increase or decrease its gravity during
flight.

The following are British species :

1. M. weneus Linn., Panz. 10. 2. Don. 3. 96. 2.
bipustulatus Linn., Panz. 10. 3. Don. 15. 528. 2. 2.
3 viridis Fab., Oliv. 2. tab. 3. fi 14.

A. marginellus Fab., Oliv. 2. tab. 3. f. 18.
ae bispinosus Nob.
6
7
8

=

sanguinolentus Fab., Oliv. 2. tab. 3. f. 13,

ruficollis Panz. 2. 10. not of Fab.

rubricollis Marsh., Gyll.—ruficollis Fab., Oliv. 2.
tab. 2. f. 9. ;

9. thoracicus Fab., Oliv. 2. tab. 2. f. 10.

10. fasciatus Linn., Panz. 10. 5. Don. 15. 528. 1. 1.
ila bituberculatus.

Wee pulicarius Fad., Oliv., Panz. 10. 4.

13. apicalis.

14. humeralis.

In consequence of the curious tubercles terminated by
bristles which are produced at the apex of the elytra, the
name of bispinosus has been given to our insect, two of which
we took in Norfolk several years since; but as we can find no
other distinctions between it and M. marginellus, excepting
its smaller size and more robust antennze, especially at their
base, which are sexual characters, we suspect it is only the
male of that species.

The plant is Adonis autumnalis (Pheasant’s-eye).

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TILLUS UNIFASCIATUS.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Tillidee Leach.—Clerii Lat.

Type of the Genus, Chrysomela elongata Linn.

Tiuxvs Oliv., Fab., Marsh., Lat.; Leach, Sam.—Clerus Fab., Oliv.—
Chrysomela Linn.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, as long as the thorax, serrated ;
11-jointed, 3 first joints slender, the basal one subclavate curved,
2nd minute ovate, 3rd obtrigonate, the remainder cup-shaped
and produced on the inside, excepting the last which is the
longest and subovate (6).
Labrum transverse-oval, pilose, ciliated at the anterior margin
and slightly concave (1).
Mandibles bifid at the apex, ciliated on the inside near the base,
one having a small tooth near the middle (2).
Mazille terminated by 2 large rounded coriaceous lobes, very
pubescent at their margins. Palpi not long but robust, pilose
and 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd subtrigonate, 3rd rhom-
boidal, 4th the longest, slightly attenuated to the apex which is
sloped off very obliquely (3).
Mentum small transverse. Lip suborbicular, membranous, pilose.
Palpi remote, large securiform, triarticulate, basal and 2nd joints
pilose, the former truncated obliquely, the latter longer, 3rd very
large hatchet-shaped (4).

Head subtrigonate. Eyes small. Thorax cylindric or subcordate.
Scutellum ¢riangular. Elytra completely covering the abdomen
which is cylindric. Wings ample. Legs rather robust. Tibie
simple. Tarsi 5-jointed, 2 first joints closely united, subcordiform,
3rd and 4th more bilobed, terminal one subclavate. Claws bifid
with a tooth at the base (5 a fore leg).

Obs. the dissections and descriptions are taken from T. unifasciatus.

Unirasciatus Rossi.— Fab. Ent. Syst.v.1.p.207.n.8.—Marsh.231.5.
Clothed with rather long hairs. Black, shining. Head and
thorax minutely but not thickly punctured. Elytra with several
longitudinal rows of very large punctures which vanish beyond
the middle, one third of the elytra at the base red, and a pale
ochreous fascia across the middle, interrupted only by the suture.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tix.0us is closely allied in habit and ceconomy to Dasytes on
the one side, and to Opilus on the other.
The 3 following species are inhabitants of Britain; they are

nearly of the same stature, they breed in wood, and inhabit
trees and flowers.
* The thorax nearly cylindric.

1. T. elongatus Linn.—Panz. 43. 16.—ruficollis Hiib.

Bluish black, with a red thorax.

Found in June upon Oaks in Hampshire, and I once met
with it tolerably plentiful in sunflowers at Bungay in Suffolk.

2. 'T. ambulans Fab.—ater Panz. 8. 9.—bimaculatus Don.

Brit. Ins. v. 12. pl. 411. f. 2. var.

Entirely bluish black, and rather more slender than the
former species.

Having once taken a pair of this insect in a garden in Suf-
folk, I consider it distinct, although Schonherr has included
it as a variety of J. elongatus. ‘The insect figured by Mr.
Donovan is a singular and probably an immature variety, with
a testaceous spot on each side of the elytra.

** ‘Thorax somewhat obcordate.

3. 'T. unifasciatus Rosst.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 267.

This pretty and rare insect has several times been captured
at Windsor. I believe it inhabits Oaks in June; it has also
been found on Oak posts, it is said, in Hertfordshire. For
the specimen figured I am indebted to my friend Richard
Latham, Esq.

Specimens of Lathyrus Aphaca (Yellow Lathyrus) were
communicated by Professor Henslow and Mr. G. Charlwood.

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270.

OPILUS FASCIATUS.

OrpbeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cleridze Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus, Attelabus mollis Linn.

Opitus Lat., Leach, Sam.—Eupocus Ill.—Notoxus Fab., Gyll.—
Clerus Oliv., Marsh.
Antenne inserted before the eyes at the base of the nasus, curved,
pilose, and clavate; 11]-jointed, basal joint robust bent, 2nd
small, 3 following long, the 6th 7thand 8th rather shorter, slightly
clavate, the remainder forming a compressed club, 9th and 10th
joints obtrigonate, 11th larger ovate and truncated obliquely (6).
Labrum transverse, the angles rounded, the margin rather deeply
notched and very pilose (1).
Mandibles thin, acute with a small tooth near the middle and a
larger rounded one near the apex, external margin rounded
and pilose ; the internal margin membranous and pubescent to-
wards the base (2).
Mazille terminated by a large lobe, with another on the inside,
both densely ciliated. Palpi securiform, pilose, 4-jointed, basal
joint short, 2nd long, gradually thickened to the apex, 3rd short,
4th hatchet-shaped, spongy or coriaceous at the terminal mar-

in (3).

ae small quadrate. Lip large broad heart-shaped, thickly
covered with hairs inclining to the middle. Palpi securiform,
large, bent back, pubescent triarticulate, basal joint short, 2nd
longer, somewhat obtrigonate, 3rd large obtrigonate, thick and
spongy at the terminal margin (4).

Head nutant. Eyes prominent and ovate. Thorax elongate-cylindric,
slightly depressed, narrowed behind. Scutellum small ovate. Elytra
elliptical, dilated towards the apex. Wings ample. Legs very hairy.
Tibize slender simple. Tarsi 5-jointed, basal joint minute, not visible
above, 3 following producing large bilobed membranous appendages
beneath, 5th clavate. Claws simple (5, a fore leg).

Fasciatus Wilkin’s MSS.

Black, shining and villose. Antenne ferruginous, fuscous towards
the extremity. Head minutely and thickly punctured except on
the crown. Thorax coarsely and sparingly punctured but plain
down the back. Scutellum minutely punctured. Elytra with
several rows of very large punctures, closely approximating, but
becoming fainter towards the apex ; an interrupted fascia beyond
the middle forming 2 pale ochreous, sublunular spots. Legs
ferruginous, thighs black, except at the tips.

In the Cabinet of Mr, Vigors.

Opixus is distinguished from Tillus by the more elongated
and simple joints of the antenna, the last being dilated; by
the hatchet-shaped terminal joint of all the palpi, by the ob-
scure basal joint of the tarsi, &c.

Two species only have been found in Britain, and one of
them has never before been either described or figured.

1. O. mollis Linn.—Panz. 5. 5.—Don. 12. 411. 1.—Sam.
pl. 12. f, 1.

Larger than the following species. Brown and villose; head
and thorax thickly punctured, elytra with several coarsely
punctured striz, with a large ochreous, somewhat triangular
spot at the base, an interrupted fascia in the middle, and the
apex of the same colour. Antennee and legs ochreous, in-
clining to ferruginous; the apex of the thighs brown.

The larvee of this insect live in wood, especially in dry de-
cayed willow trees, in which also the perfect beetles are some-
times found, as well as under the bark, from November to
May, and in woods and hedges in June and July. Latreille
says they are found likewise in houses, living upon the larvee
of other insects. O. mollis is not uncommon in the neigh-
bourhood of London, particularly near Darent Wood.

2. O. fasciatus Wilk.—Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 270.

Two specimens of this rare insect were taken (I think in
Kent) many years since by Mr. Shillingford, and the drawing
was made soon after their capture.

The plant represented is Bartsza Odontites (Red Bartsia.)

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THANASIMUS FORMICARIUS.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cleride.

Type of the Genus, Attelabus formicarius Linn.

Tuanasimus Lat., Sam., Curt.—Clerus Fab., Mar., Gyl.—Attelabus
Linn.
Antenne inserted before the eyes on each side the head, as long
as the thorax, clavate, pilose, 1 1-jointed, basal joint a little the
longest and stouter than the 6 following, subreniform, 2nd very
small, the 5 following decreasing in length and increasing in
diameter, subovate, the remainder stouter and forming a sort of
club of cup-shaped joints, the terminal one the largest and some-
what obcordate being obliquely acuminated (6).
Labrum transverse, ciliated with fine and a few strong bristles,
deeply emarginate (1).
Mandibles rather narrow, tapering to the apex which forms a
strong tooth, with a smaller one below it, internal margin fleshy,
coriaceous and ciliated at the base, external margin rounded
and pilose (2).
Mavillé rather small furnished with 2 lobes densely ciliated at
the apex, the internal one short, with a coriaceous margin, the
external one longer, somewhat obovate. Palpi not extending
beyond the external lobe, small and slender, 4-jointed and
slightly pilose, basal joint minute, 2nd and 3rd alittle larger sub-
quadrate, 4th twice as long and somewhat conical (3).
Mentum subquadrate. Lip elongate, cordiform at the apex and
ciliated. Palpi considerably longer and larger than the maxil-
lary, attached to scapes at the base, triarticulate, basal joint
small, 2nd longer, slender, clavate and slightly pilose, 3rd very
long pubescent and oval, narrowed at the base and truncated
very obliquely at the apex which is spongy (4).

Head ovate, as broad as the thorax. Eyes lateral, slightly prominent
and reniform. Thorax not touching the elytra, somewhat cordiform
or orbicular, broadest in front and truncated, having a deep trans-
verse channel and a central one forming a Y, and a narrow band at
the base. Scutellum minute. Elytra somewhat elliptical, broader
than the thorax. Wings ample. Thighs stout, anterior incrassated.
Tibie slightly curved, posterior the longest. ‘Tarsi 5-jointed, basal
joint the smallest, scarcely projecting in the 4 anterior feet, and in
these the 4 first joints are subcordate or trigonate and furnished be-
neath with bilobed membranous appendages (5), in the hinder the 3rd
and 4th joints only have appendages (5+), terminal joint slender.
Claws slender and acute.

Formicarius Linn. Faun. Suec.185.64). Curt. Guide, Gen. 323. 1.
In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Tuts genus completes our illustration of the family called —
Cleride: or Tillidze, and the genera comprised in it may be sf

thus characterized :—

Plate. 4

Antennze serrated’. ).p- fen uener es. nee TILLUS .. . 267mm
Antenne clavate : y

Palpi all hatchet-shaped......... OPILUs ... 270mm
Labial palpi only hatchet-shaped .... cLERUS ... 44
Maxillary palpi very small ....... THANASIMUS 398 —

Penultimate joint of tarsi the smallest . CORYNETES . 351 |
Terminal joint of antennze much the iL.
largest subrhomboidal ........ NECROBIA .. 350

Thanasimus follows Opilus in the ‘Guide,’ but it arranges nt
more naturally I think after Clerus. The only species that
has been discovered in Britain is ¥

T. formicarius Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 398.

Rufous pilose and pubescent: antennz piceous: head and —
thorax thickly punctured, the former and the anterior margin —
of the latter black: elytra black, and thickly clothed with de-—
pressed hairs, excepting the base which is rufous and deeply
and coarsely punctured in striz ; before the middle is a nar- —
row waved dirty white fascia, and towards the apex a broader }
and more regular one: legs black, tips of tarsi ferruginous.

Gyllenhal mentions a small var. with rufous legs, the knees —
sometimes black, (which is the C. femoralis of Dejean’s Cata- —
logue), another with the breast and legs black, and a third
with the breast blackish, the tibiae and tarsi reddish. 4

This is the insect that is said to destroy an Anobium we —
lately figured in Plate 387, that is very destructive to furni- —
ture, &c. It inhabits the trunks of trees and wood recently —
felled, especially the Scotch and spruce firs; it runs very nim= —
bly, and has been named formicarius from its resemblance in —
form and manners to an ant. ‘The larva lives under the bark _
of decaying trees. i

Mr. Dale informs me that he took a specimen on the trunk ~
of a Scotch fir at Glanville’s Wootton, June 30th: it has been I
captured also by Mr. Sparshall at Wrabness, in Essex; by "
Capt. Blomer at Teignmouth, Devon, in Sept.; on the sea- —
_ shore, Dublin, by Mr. Bulwer; at Tynemouth, by Mr.Wailes; —
and on sandy banks, Coombe in June, by Mr. Samouelle: I
once took a specimen in April upon a tree at Ditchingham in
Norfolk, and Mr. Lyell showed me a specimen that I believe —
was captured at Kinnordy in Scotland.

The Plant is Chenopodium murale ( Nettle-leaved Goosefoot).

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CLERUS ALVEARIUS.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Cleride Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Attelabus Apiarius Linn.

Cirrus Geof., Fab., Lat. Attelabus Linn.
Antenne inserted between and close tc the eyes near the clypeus,
hairy, 11-jointed, first joint long, curved, second shorter than
the third, the five following short, the three last forming an ob-
long triangular mass, ounded externally, acuminate internally
at the extremity. (f. 6.)
Labrum exserted, transverse, ciliated, narrowed before and
deeply emarginate. (1.)
Mandibles arched, acute, one having a tooth on the internal edge
near the apex, the other having only an irregular edge, thickly
covered with short regular hairs on the inside from the base, with
long hairs externally. (2.)
Mawzille \ong, the terminal lobe ciliated with long close hairs,
inferior lobe with short hairs: Papi 3-jointed, first joint clavate,
third obconic truncated, nearly equal in length to the two first.
(3.)
Mentum dilated towards the base, narrowed anteriorly: Palpi
3-jointed, first jomt minute, second clavate, third large, securi-
form: Lip broad, rounded, pubescent. (4.)
Head nearly vertical. Eyes notched. Thorax obconic-cylindric. Scu-
tellum minute. Wings 2. Hinder thighs of the males incrassated.
Tarsi 5-jointed, first joint very short, nearly concealed by the tibia,
terminal long. Claws simple (5 a fore leq.)

Atvearius Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 1. 209. n. 15. Lat. Gen.

Crus. and Ins. v. 1. p. 2738.

Purplish blue, hairy. Head and thorax greenish blue, deeply
and closely punctured. Elytra closely punctured in indistinct
lines, bright red inclining to orange, blueish purple round the
scutellum which is of the same colour, 2 transverse fascie, a spot
near the apex, and the suture blueish purple. Legs and antennz
purple inclining to black.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Sparshall and the Author.

Ar the time Mr. Marsham wrote his Hnxtomologia Britannica,
neither of the species that form the Genus Clerus were con-
sidered as British, although specimens were preserved in the old
cabinets ; Mr. Samouelle has also omitted the Genus in his Useful

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Compendium; Donovan, on the other hand, having received
specimens of Clerus Apiarius from the North of England, has
given a figure of it in his British Insects, vol. vii. p. 231. f. 1.
Several specimens of this beautiful Genus having been taken
within the last few years, amongst which are a fine female of
C. Apiarius captured at Dover, and transmitted to Mr. Stone,
and two of C. alvearius sent to Mr. Sparshall from Manchester,
one of which is figured in the plate, our right to record it as a
British Genus can no longer be questioned. As a doubt existed
in the mind of Fabricius, when he wrote his Entomologia Sys-
tematica, whether our insect was any thing more than a variety of
C. Apiarius, I shall point out a few of the most obvious charac-
ters which distinguish them, although I fear it may be thought
unnecessary, after Latreille and Panzer without hesitation had
published them as distinct species. C. Alvearius is smaller (the
figure in the plate is about one-fourth larger than the insect),
more hairy, and less shining than C. Apiarius: moreover the scu-
tellum is surrounded by a purple spot, the suture is of the same
colour, and the spot near the apex of the elytra is surrounded by
red: these are characters sufficient to distinguish it from C. Apia-
rius: it is also well known upon the continent that the larvee of —
that species inhabit bee-hives, whereas those of C. Alvearius (we
are informed by Latreille) are attached to the mdus of Osmia
cornuta (Apis bicornis, Kirby).
The larvee, it is most probable, prey upon the young brood of —
the Bees; and. the perfect Beetle is found upon different flowers, —
at what time of the year is not ascertained. ;
I am indebted to Professor Henslow for specimens of Athamanta _
LInbanotis (Mountain Spignel), gathered at Hinton in Cambridge-
shire.

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350.
NECROBIA RUFICOLLIS.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cleride Lat., Lea.
Type of the Genus, Dermestes ruficollis Fab.

Necrosia Lat., Oliv.—Corynetes Payk., Fab., Gyl.—Clerus Geof.,
DeG., Marsh—Dermestes Linn., Fab.
Antenne inserted before the eyes on each side the clypeus, as
long as the thorax, pubescent and pilose, 11-jointed, basal joint
rather robust and bent at the base, 2nd small, subglobose, 3rd
slender, longer than any of the following, 4 of which are some-
what ovate, 8th a little dilated, the remainder forming a com-
pressed, distinctly articulated club, 9th and 10th joints cup-
shaped, the latter the broadest, terminal joint very large, sub-
rhomboidal (6):
Labrum pocket-shaped, forming 2 short rounded lobes, producing
a few long hairs and ciliated at the margin (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, rounded and pilose externally, acute at
the apex, one having a narrow, the other a broad triangular
tooth beneath the apex, internal margin fleshy and clothed with
short pile below the middle (2).
Mazille short, forming 2 large lobes, rounded and densely clothed
at their extremities with short pubescence, the outer one the
largest. Palpi rather long and pilose, 4-jointed, basal joint
small, 2nd and 3rd equal, large subovate, 4th considerably
longer, fusiform, thin and truncated at the apex (3).
Mentum subquadrate. Lip broad slightly emarginate, rounded,
densely pilose at the apex. Palpi remote, a little pilose, triarti-
culate, basal joint small, 2nd large, obovate truncated obliquely,
3rd twice as long, subfusiform, truncated and thin at the apex (4).
Head subtrigonate: eyes prominent and globose. Thorax broader, sub-
orbicular, rather truncated before, with 2 small angles behind. Scu-
tellum small and rounded. Elytra broader than the thorax, oval,
truncated at the base. Wings long and ample. Legs rather short,
alike: tibiae slender and simple: tarsi all 4-jointed, dilated and mem-
branous at the apex, excepting the terminal joint which is long and
slender, basal joint the smallest. Claws slender and acute (5).

Ruricouus Fab, v. 1. p. 230. n.18.—Curtis’s Guide, Gen. 325. n. 2.
Shining, pubescent, rufous : antenne and eyes dull black: head
and thorax coarsely punctured, the former green, the latter vil-
lose: elytra greenish blue, excepting at the base, minutely sha-

greened, each bearing 8 rows of punctures: abdomen piceous
beneath.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

In economy this little group differs from the rest of the Cle-
ride, all of them undergoing their metamorphoses in wood ;
but the Necrobiz live on dead animals, dried skins and old
bones; they walk slowly, but fly rather swiftly.

Three species are found in this country.

1. N. rufipes Fab.—Oliv. v. 4. No. 76 bis, tab. 1. f. 2.

Shining, pubescent, bright blue, head and thorax greenish,
coarsely punctured, elytra rugose with punctures, having also
8 or 9 lines of punctures on each, the spaces between them
pubescent: antennze and legs bright ferruginous, the 6 ter-
minal joints of the former black; trophi brown, palpi ferru-
ginous; eyes black.

The geographical range of this insect is very extensive; it
is found in the South of France and in Africa, even to the
Cape of Good Hope: my specimens from Senegal, however,
are larger than our English ones, and the punctured strize on
the elytra are more evident. It is rare in Britain, but has
been found by Mr. J. E. Gray in November near Copenhagen
Fields.

2. N. ruficollis Fab.— Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 350.—Oliv. tab.1.f. 3.
Also inhabits Africa, and even the East Indies. It is found
here in May and the beginning of July.

3. N. Quadra Marsh. 323. 4.—violaceus Gyll. 3. 376.

Shining pubescent, bright cyaneous; head and thorax
greenish, thickly punctured, the latter with a smooth shining
line down the back: elytra finely punctured, with 8 or 9 rows
of large and deep punctures on each: antennz and legs dull
black, coxze piceous, underside of tarsi ochreous.

This insect is at once distinguished from Corynetes violaceus,
with which it is so often confounded, by the greater size of the
terminal joint of the antennee, and by its 4-jointed tarsi. It is
also broader in proportion to its length, of a deeper blue; the
thorax is more regularly, and the elytra are more deeply punc-
tured; the latter are also more pubescent, and have only a
very slight transverse impression below the base.

I have found this beetle in Norfolk in April and May, al-
ways amongst old bones.

The plant is Silene anglica (English Catchfly), communi-
cated from the neighbourhood of Heron Court by the Hoa.
C. A. Harris.

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CORYNETES VIOLACEUS.

Orpen Coleoptera. Fam. Cleridee Lat., Lea.
Type of the Genus, Dermestes violaceus Linn.

Corynetes Fab. Syst. Eleut.—Necrobia Oliv., Lat.—Dermestes Linn.,
Fab.
Antenne inserted before the eyes at the base of the mandibles,
as long as the thorax, clavate, curved, pubescent and pilose ;
1]-jointed, basal joint long and robust, 7 following short and
slender, the 2nd being a little longer and stouter, the 8th is ob-
ovate, the remainder forming an elongated, distinctly articulated
club, 9th joint semiovate, 10th cup-shaped, 11th scarcely so
large, transverse-ovate, pointed internally at the apex (6).
Labrum bilobed and ciliated, producing also a few long hairs (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, curved and pilose externally, hooked and
acute at the apex, with a strong tooth beneath, internal margin
membranous and slightly pubescent below the middle (2).
Mazille small, terminated by 2 rounded lobes, very pubescent
at the apex, the outer one obovate and the largest. Palpi long
stout and pilose, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd long and robust
attenuated to the base, 3rd stout obtrigonate, 4th very long and
large, narrowed at the base, thin and rounded obliquely at the
apex (3).
Mentum oblong. Lip obtrigonate, truncated at the base, angles
rounded, anterior margin indented, sides hairy. Palpi nearly as
long as the maxillary and reflexed, pilose, triarticulate, basal
joint small, 2nd long robust, truncated at the apex, tapering at
the base, 3rd very large, narrowest at the base, subconic, being
truncated obliquely (4).

Head transverse, subtrigonate. Eyes small and prominent. Thorax
suborbicular, the posterior angles acute. Scutellum small and rounded.
Elytra rather broader than the thorax, oval, truncated at the base,
with a deep transverse impression below the scutellum. Wings ample.
Legs, anterior pair rather the shortest. Thighs a little stout. Tibize
simple, rather slender with a fine spine at the apex. Tarsi 5-jointed,
anterior the shortest, 3rd joint short and bilobed, 4th small, 5th long
clavate (5); posterior with the 3rd joint longer than the \st (5 +).
Claws notched at the base.

Viouaceus Linn. F. S. n. 422.—Fab.—Lat.—Panz. 5. 6.—Oliv. 4.
No. 76 bis, pl. 1. f. 1.—Curtis’s Guide, Gen. 326.
Very glossy, pubescent, pale cyaneous: mouth piceous : head
and thorax rather sparingly and coarsely punctured : elytra but
slightly pubescent, especially on the back, 10 rather irregular
lines of punctures on each, with a few very minute ones between
them: antenne black ; legs greenish with ochreous pubescence,
underside of the tarsi ferruginous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

biD

Iv is now nearly thirty years since the differences between this
insect and Necrobia Quadra were pointed out by Mr. Marsham
in his “ Entomologia Britannica,” yet those continental writers
who have referred to his work have confounded the two spe-
cies. With a hope of preventing any further confusion, the
two genera are now described. ‘That Paykull’s and Gyllen-
hal’s genus Corynetes is synonymous with Necrobia there can
be no doubt, for they describe the palpi as filiform, the man-
dibles bidentate, the terminal joint of the antennz as the largest,
and the tarsi all 4-jointed. Olivier, on the contrary, has evi-
dently figured our Corynetes, for his dissections and the de-
scription of them agree very well with ours, and consequently
differ very materially from those of Necrobia. Fabricius has
given the former name to both our genera, but in his generic
characters he has described our Corynetes.

The form of the antenne and tarsi is quite sufficient to
distinguish the genera, and to justify their separation: the
economy of the insects is also very different; for it is well
known that our Necrobiz live in decayed animal substances,
but the larvee of Corynetes, like the typical Cleridze, appear
to inhabit wood, and the perfect insects are found, sometimes
in abundance, in houses and in flowers, in the month of May.

The following valuable observations relating to our insect,
together with the specimens, were transmitted to me by Major
General Hardwicke. ‘ When at Wisbeach in October last,
my attention was drawn to the depredations going on in the
plank of a deal box, in which I found the larve of a small
coleopterous insect (Corynetes violaceus) imbedded in dust,
which their little jaws had produced, between the upper and
lower surfaces of the plank. I found also in the same dust
the cocoon of the pupa of some of the larvee, of a soft silky
leathery texture, not unlike what are formed by the clothes-
eating moths, when the larvee assume the pupa state. In this
cocoon there appeared to be three cells, two of them unoc-
cupied, the third closed and full; I therefore inclosed the
cocoon with the bit of plank in a box, to secure the insect
when it might become an imago, which occurred about six
days after.”

The plant is Campanula patula (Field Bell-flower).

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4O2

CIS BIDENTATUS.

Orpber Coleoptera. Fam. Cisidz or Bostricida.
Type of the Genus, Anobium Boleti Fab.

Cis Lat., Gyl., Sam.,Curt.—Anobium Fab., Oliv., Panz.—Ptinus Mars.
Antenne inserted before the eyes under the margin of the clypeus,
twice as long as the head, clavate, pilose, 10-jointed, basal joint
robust, somewhat ovate, 2nd ovate also and rather stouter than
the 5 following which are slender, 3rd joint longer than the 4
following, which decrease in length, the 7th being cup-shaped,
the remainder forming a triarticulate pubescent club, distinctly
articulated, the 8th and 9th joints cup-shaped, the 10th ovate,
acuminated at the apex (6).

Labrum subovate, narrowed at the base, the sides thin, slightly
emarginate and producing a few short hairs (1).

Mandibles curved, stout, bifid at the apex (2).

Mazille small, producing a bundle of broad bristles at the apex
and another on the inside. Palpi stout, longer than the maxilla,
slightly hairy, 4-jointed, basal joint short curved and slender,
2nd stouter, obovate, truncated obliquely, 3rd cup-shaped, 4th
very large, ovate-conic (3).

Mentum subovate-truncate. Lip larger, the anterior angles trun-
cated obliquely from whence arise the Palpi, which are short,
very robust and triarticulate, the basal joint transverse, 2nd sub-
globose, 3rd small mamillate (4).

Head short und semicircular. Eyes small lateral and globose. Thorax
large, convex, projecting over the head, the lateral margin convex
and marginated. Scutellum minute. Elytra convex elliptical. Wings
ample. Legs compressed. Thighs broad. Tibie, anterior with the
external angle acuminated. Tarsi 4-jointed, 3 first joints minute, the
basal one nearly concealed by the posterior tibie, apical joint large,
and longer than the others united. Claws curved and acute (5).

Bipentatts Oliv. 2. No. 16. pl. 2. f. 5. mas.—inermis Marsh. fem.—
Curt. Guide, Gen. 328. 12.
Male smooth, shining. Piceous or dull castaneous, sprinkled
with very short yellow hairs. Head concave, with a fovea in the
centre, the clypeus bidentate : eyes black: antenne ferruginous.
Thorax thickly punctured, very convex, the anterior margin
forming 2 robust conical protuberances. Elytra irregularly and
less thickly punctured (7 front view of head and thorax).
Female with the clypeus reflexed but simple, as well as the an-
terior portion of the thorax.
Obs. In some males the clypeus is only emarginated, and the
tubercles on the thorax are less developed than in the specimen
represented.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

On referring to the Guide, it will be found that I have pro-
posed to make the Cleridz pass on to the Cisid, and this is
beautifully accomplished by means of the European genus
Psoa, which has the habit of the Cleridee, but the characters of
the Bostricidze. I cannot, however, but acknowledge that it
is with regret that I ever infringe on the tarsal system; since
the more I see of exotic forms, the more I am convinced that
it will be impossible to study the Coleoptera generally without
its assistance: in the present instance, however, it must be re-
membered that the Cleridz are inconstant in the numerical
structure of the tarsi, as in Necrobia, pl. 350.

Cis and Anobium (pl. 387.) have been repeatedly united or |

confounded, but they are readily distinguished by the number
of joints in the antennee and tarsi, the latter genus being pen-
tamerous and having 11-jointed antenne.
The following species of our genus are British, and all in-
habit Boleti.
1. C. Boleti Fab.—Boletorum Marsh. 85. 13.
A very common insect, found from February to August
in the Boletus versicolor and under the bark of trees.

. concinnus Mar. 87. 19.—Norfolk in June.

. micans /ab.—villosulus Mar. 86. 14.— Middle of April

under bark of Willows near Southend.

. hispidus Payk.—micans Panz. 10. 8.

. pyrrhocephalus Mar. 86. 15.

. pygmeus Mar. 86. 16.—festivum Panz. 6. 7.?

. rhododactylus Mar. 87. 22.—In Boletus versicolor.

. nigricornis Mar. 87. 21. ditto.

ruficornis Mar. 87. 20.—perforatus Gy. ?

. nitidus Fab.—Panz. 10. 9.--June, New Forest, J. C.

Dale, Esq.

. fronticornis Panz. 98. 7.

. bidentatus Oliv. — Curt. Brit. Ent. pl.402. June, Suffolk.
New Forest and Hurn, in Boletus auricularius and
on White Thorns. Gyllenhal has referred Olivier’s
figure to C. Boleti, and Mr. Stephens has done the
same; but on looking at the plate, there is little doubt
about its being our insect, and on consulting his de-
scription it'is evident he intended no other than the
C. bidentatus.

The Plant is Chenopodium acutifolium (Sharp Entire-leaved

Goosefoot).

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149.
CICONES CARPINI.

OrpverR Coleoptera. Fam. Cisidee Leach.—Bostrichini Lat.

Type of the Genus Cicones Carpini Nob.

Cicones Nob.

Antenna inserted close to the anterior margin of the eyes, slightly
pilose, capitate, 10-jointed, lst and 2nd joints robust, subglo-
bose, the 7 following more slender, gradually increasing in
diameter, the 10th joint orbicular, very large and pubescent
(fig. 6).

Labrum semicircular, thickened and ciliated at the anterior mar-
gin (1).

Mandibles small, acute, membranous on the internal margin (2).
Maxille small bilobed, very pubescent at the apex. Palpislightly
pubescent, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd and 3rd robust, sub-
quadrate, 4th large ovate (3).

Mentum large, trigonate truncate. Labium quadrate ciliated.
Palpi attached to the sides of the labium, 3-jointed ; basal joint
minute, 2nd small, 3rd ovate (4).

Head sunk up to the eyes which are small. Thorax gibbous subquad-
rate, margined, not closely attached to the abdomen. Scutellum tri-
angular, Elytra ovate. Wings ample. Thighs rather long. Tibi
simple. Tarsi all 4-jointed, 3 first joints short, 4th longer than the
others united, clavate. Claws simple (5, a fore leg).

2

Carpini Nob.
Castaneous black, sparingly covered with stiff short yellow
bristles. Head minutely and thickly punctured. Thorax with
2 obtuse elevations near the middle, behind, rugosely punctured.
Elytra very convex with 3 elevated longitudinal lines, and 9
punctured strie on each, more castaneous than the thorax,
having an oblique spot near the anterior angle, 3 near the
middle, a transverse lunulated mark and another near the apex
dull orange. Antenne ochraceous. Legs pilose ferruginous.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Beck and Mr. Bainbridge.

WE have been compelled to establish this little insect as a
genus, from its not associating with any group that we are
acquainted with. Its natural situation is probably between Cis
and Cerylon ; and were it not for Fabricius’s words “ Antenne ©
perfoliatze,” we should consider that his Dermestes scaber would
form a second species.

Cicones Carpini is so like in size and colour to Bolitophagus
pictus of Sturm’s Deutschlands Fauna, that at first sight we
concluded it was nearly allied to it: a slight examination,
however, proved that ours was a Tetramerous insect, and that
it belonged to the Bostrichini of Latreille, as will be seen by
referring to the legs and antenne in the annexed plate.

A single specimen of this insect (which we cannot find any
where described) was taken from under the bark of a Horn-
beam tree (Carpinus Betulus) on Epping Forest in March
1826, by Mr. T. Beck, and another about the same time by
Mr. Bainbridge, who liberally allowed it to be dissected to
supply the magnified figures in the plate.

The plant is Arenaria trinervis (Plantain-leaved Sandwort).

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NEMOSOMA ELONGATUM.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Bostricide Lat.
Type of the Genus, Dermestes elongatus Linn.

Nemosoma Lat., Gyl., Lea.—Colydium Hel., Herb.—Ips Ol.—Der-
mestes Linn.
Antenne inserted before the eyes near the base of the mandibles,
not longer than the head, clavate, slightly pilose, 10-jointed,
basal joint longer and more robust than the 6 following, 2nd
joint globose, the 5 following slender, gradually increasing in
diameter, the remainder very large, the 8th and 9th cup-shaped,
but rather eccentric, 10th subovate-globose (6).
Labrum pocket-shaped, being emarginated before and ciliated
with long bristles (1). .
Mandibles porrected, elongate-trigonate, strongly denticulated
on the internal side towards the apex (2).
Mazille terminated by a long lobe densely ciliated. Palpi short,
nearly equal, 4-jointed, 3 first joints short, the 2nd and 3rd sub-
quadrate, 4th long subfusiform truncate (3).
Mentum closely united to the head, anterior margin sinuated.
Labium small subquadrate, emarginate and very pilose before.
Palpi inserted towards the middle of the lip, triarticulate, Ist
and 2nd joints subglobose, 3rd long, externally convex and
truncated (4).

Head long subovate. Eyes small, lateral. Thorax subcylindrical, as
long as, and not broader than the head. Scutellum very minute.
Elytra rather longer than the head and thoraz, elliptical, cylindrical
and rounded at the apex. Wings very ample. Legs alike, very
short, posterior rather remote. Thighs thick. Tibie with short
spines at the apex. ‘Tarsi all 4-jointed, basal joint a little longer
than the 2nd and 3rd ; the 4th as long as the others united, clavate.
Claws bent and acute (5).

Exoneatum Linn. Faun. Suec. p.141.n.409.—Curtis’s Guide, Gen.249.
Black shining. Antenne and legs pale ferruginous. Head and
thorax covered with oval punctures, the former having a channel
down the front, deepest towards the clypeus. Elytra ferrugi-
nous-ochre from the base nearly to the middle, and a large spot
of the same color near the apex; they are indistinctly punctured,
forming irregular and faint striz ; at the apex near to the suture
is a deep channel on each side extending round the apex and
forming a thickened margin.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

I recEIVED a pair of this pretty and remarkable insect, which
has never been figured or described by any English writer,
with the following observations from Mr. Ingpen; and I am
indebted to Mr. Ingall for a series of specimens for my cabinet
and dissection.

“‘ Mr. 'T. Ingall having discovered the habitat of this very
rare insect about the middle of April 1830, near Sydenham,
Kent, most liberally showed me its locality. In the first week
of May we found it inhabiting the bark of old elm-rails, in
which it makes labyrinth-like passages with outlet holes. The
insect seemed attached to the hardest bark, and to that which
was the most difficult to separate from the wood. It is remark-
able that they almost entirely confine themselves to the under-
side of the rails; and the upright elm-posts, although the bark
was very much eaten, produced scarcely a specimen.”

Mr. Davis informs me that Dr. Howitt found a specimen,
near Nottingham I think, which was beaten from off a haw-
thorn hedge, and another is said to have been taken at Darent
in June. In Sweden it is found also under the bark of dead
trees, especially of the Prnus sylvestris (the Scotch Fir).

Nemosoma is placed by Latreille between Cis and Cerylon,
and there can be no doubt that it belongs to the Bostricide ;
but never having had an opportunity of examining this rare
insect until now, I have arranged it in my Guide between
Bitoma and Rhyzophagus; but its natural situation will be
near to Cis and Apate (Genera 328 and 330 of the Guide).

The plant is Rubia peregrina (Wild Madder).

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APATE CAPUCINUS.

OrveER Coleoptera. Fam. Bostricidee Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus, Dermestes Capucina Linn.

Apater Fab., Payk., Dej—Bostrichus Lat., Oliv.—Dermestes Linn.
Antenne inserted close to the anterior margin of the eyes, clavate
10-jointed, basal joint longer and more robust than the 6 fol-
lowing which are slender, 2nd joint somewhat cup-shaped, 3rd
4thand 5th obovate, 6th and 7th more cup-shaped, the remainder
very large, the 8th and 9th somewhat obtrigonate, the 10th oval-
truncate (6).

Labrum transverse-oval, densely clothed with long hairs (1).
Mandibles thick and trigonate, slightly acuminated but obtuse at
the apex (2).

Mazille short, terminated by a large ovate lobe, very pilose at
the apex, and an equally large and similar lobe on the inside.
Palpi rather large, robust and very pilose, 4-jointed, basal joint
short, 2nd the longest, 3rd somewhat hatchet-shaped, 4th sub-
conic (3).

Mentum subtrigonate, the posterior angles raised and producing
long hairs. Lip large, heart-shaped, with a lobe in the centre.
Palpi robust, very pilose, triarticulate, basal joint subglobose,
2nd ovate-truncate, 3rd ovate (4).

Head nutant received into the thorax level with the Eyes, which are
small globose and remote. Thorax globose, truncated obliquely before.
Scutellum minute. Elytra very convex and elliptical, slightly dilated
and rounded at the apex. Wings ample. Legs slender. Tibize
simple with small spurs at the aper. Tarsi 4-jointed, basal joint
rather the longest, knotted near the base (being apparently an attempt
to produce another joint), 3rd joint the smallest, 4th rather long.
Claws dilated at the base (5, a fore leg).

Carucinus Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 142. n. 416.

Black shining. Elytra and abdomen rufous. Palpi tipped with
red. Head pubescent and thickly punctured. Thorax pubescent,
except on the top, granulated and tuberculated, globose, sloped
off in front, with a transverse ridge. Elytra semicylindric, thickly
and deeply punctured, having 3 obscurely elevated lines on each.
Underside and legs pubescent, apex of the tarsi and claws cas-
taneous. 2

In the Cabinets of Mr. Haworth, Mr. Sparshall, and Mr. Stone.

Nn
~ >

Apate being distinguished from Bostrichus by the somewhat
perfoliated mass of the antennze, it appears to be necessary to
separate them; and the same portion being lamellated and
pectinated in A. muricata, I am very doubtful to which genus
it belongs, and am unable to decide at present for want of
specimens.

In the larva state these insects live in dead trees, upon the
trunks of which the beetles are generally found.

A. Capucinus Linn.— Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 27).

The beautiful specimen figured was taken by a boy near
Cromer, on the coast of Norfolk, and given to Mr. Earle, a
gentleman residing there, by whom it was presented to Mr.
Joseph Sparshall. Mr. Haworth has a specimen taken near
London, and Mr. Stone has another from Matlock in Der-
byshire.

A. muricata Linn.—Panz. 35. 17.—terebrans Oliv.

It is recorded by Mr. Ingpen that this insect has been found
under bark in Epping Forest in the month of June, and it has
been admitted into Panzer’s “* Faune Insectorum Germanicz.”
Linneeus gives it as an inhabitant of Guinea, Fabricius of
South America, and DeJean of Brazil; it is evidently there-
fore a species (like Blatta orientalis, and a great number of
others) that has been introduced by our commercial inter-
course with foreign countries.

The plant is Geum urbanum (Common Avens).

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PLATYPUS CYLINDRUS.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Bostricini Lat. Bostricidee Leach.

Type of the Genus Platypus cylindrus Herbst.

Piatyeus Herést, Lat. Bostrichus Fab. Scolytus Oliv., Panz.
Antenne inserted close to the base of the clypeus, not longer
than the head, 6-jointed, 1st joint elongate, curved ; 2nd short,
thick; 3rd and 2 following transverse, club large solid oval
very much compressed punctured, annulations none or obsolete
(f. 6.)

Labrum none ?

Mandibles exserted trigonate very strong acute (2.)

Mazxille broad at the base, attenuate upwards, somewhat acute
at the apex, which produces strong bristles as well as the inter-
nal edge ; Palpi short robust 3-jointed conic, terminal joint short
(3.)

Mentum very small oblong, narrowed at the base (4. a.), where it
appears to be attached to the surface, not the edge, of the cover-
ing of the underside of the head (b.): Padpi very short 3-jointed,
the terminal joint being the longest (c.)

Head globose very obtuse before, appearing vertical. Hyes ovate.
Thorax long cylindric, excavated on the sides to receive the anterior
femora. Body cylindric linear. Ulytra truncated at the apex and
very hairy, with a small tooth on the 3rd stria, and an obtuse spine
on each side near the external margin behind. Legs long, anterior
the longest curved inward, posterior placed very far behind ; anterior
coxee very large. Thighs robust. Tibize short compressed tubercu-
lated, anterior deeply striated transversely on the outside, terminated
by a strong spine. Tarsi slender, entire, longer than the femora and
tibia united, 5-jointed, \st joint very long, 4th very minute. Claws
slender (5. a fore leg).

Cyitinprus Herbst Coleop. 5. tab. 49. f. 3. Hab. Ent. Syst. t. 1.
pars 2. p. 364. . 2. Cylindricus Oliv. Ent. t. 4. n. 78. pl. 1.
jig. 2.a.6. Lat. Gen. Crust. §c. t. 2. p. 277.

Shining reddish-brown ; head, thorax and elytra towards the
apex inclining to black. Legs castaneous. Antenne ferruginous.
Head punctured, flat and finely rugulose in front. Thorax
slightly punctured, back smooth, with an impressed line in the
centre behind, posterior margin produced in the centre. Elytra
punctured, with 8 deep strize, forming as many alternate elevated
ribs. Anterior thighs towards the base angulated on the internal
margin, =<
In the Author's and other Cabinets.
: -

Tu1s curious insect, so different in appearance to any of its
congeners, belongs to the same family as Scolytus destructor

(Plate 43). I have adopted Herbst’s name cylindrus after |
Dejean, who has applied the name eylindricus to a North Ameri- |
can species. —Before I proceed further I shall notice its peculiari-_
ties. Most insects that live under bark either have moderately
long or very short legs; but in our insect the tarsi, which are
5-jointed, are remarkable for their length, being twice as long as
the whole remainder of the leg; the coxee of the anterior pair are |
very powerful, and this pair has a singular appearance, beim
bowed outward so as to form nearly a circle when viewed in
front ; the transverse furrows upon the tibiee of this pair are very
peculiar characters, and must materially assist the imsect in its
course through its narrow labyrinths beneath the bark. :
It is to the assiduity of Mr. D. Bydder that we are enabled to —
record it in our British Fauna: the specimens im my own as well |
as all other cabinets, are from the large stock which he once took —
in the New Forest under the bark of felled oak and beech trees
in the month of May. Although it must be upwards of twelve —
years since that capture was made, and the insect has been sought
for since, I have never heard of a single specimen having been —
taken. This, however, is only additional evidence to a well known
fact, that myriads of Xylophagous insects may be found in one —
tree, whilst others close to the spot will be untouched, or affected —
in so slight a degree as to prevent discovery. There is nothing
perhaps in nature more wonderful than the sudden appearance and —
disappearance of these minor works of the Creator, which are at
His command called forth to answer ends that our limited under-_
standings cannot comprehend, and which being accomplished are, _
by a combination of circumstances no less wonderful, swept away
from us altogether for a season. |
All the trees of this country occasionally suffer, and some of
them materially, from the attacks of insects. As it therefore
becomes of great importance that we should be acquainted with
them, I shall, whenever I arrive at the illustration of such genera, |
point out their peculiar habits. I regret that in the present —
instance I can find no account, in any of the works with which I~
am acquainted, of the economy of our insect; and if it were —
known, we no doubt should have been fully informed upon the _
subject in the invaluable works of the learned Latreille. =
Geranium pratense (Meadow Crane’s Bill) is figured in the —
plate.

eo ae

/- /82h¥
43.

SCOLYTUS DESTRUCTOR.

OrpveR Coleoptera. Fam. Bostricidee, Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Bostrichus Scolytus Fad.

Scotytus Geoff, Lat., Oliv., Leach. Bostrichus Fad. Hylesinus

Fab., Mac Leay. Ups Marsh.

Antenne inserted close to the interior margin of the eyes, shorter
than the head, clavate, basal joimt large, second short, third
small, five following transverse, the club (formed from the ninth
joint) compressed, obovoid, composed of three closely united
plates. (f. 6.)

Labrum none.?

Mandibles arched, concave beneath, triangular, somewhat acute,
hairy at the base. (2.)

Mawille membranaceous, ciliated internally with strong short
bristles, very hairy externally: Pa/pi not longer than the man-
dibles, 4-jointed, first joint very short, second and third quadrate,
terminal joint slender. (3.)

Mentum long, dilated anteriorly: Palpi much longer than the
maxillary, pilose, first and second joints very robust, terminal,
somewhat ovate, oblong: Zip very small. (4.)

Head somewhat globose. Body cylindric, obliquely and abruptly trun-

cated at the apex. Wings 2 very long. Legs short, robust. Tibize
compressed, anterior terminated by a curved spine. ‘Tarsi 4:-jointed,
third joint bifid, fourth long, with two simple claws (5 a fore leg).

' Destructor Oliv. Ent. t. 4.2. 78. pl. 1. f. 4. a. b,c. Scolytus Fad.

Ent. Syst. t. 1. pars 2 p. 366, n. 9. Marsh. Ent. Brit. p. 53.n. 6.
Black, shining, head thickly covered above with short yellowish
hairs. Thorax finely punctured. Elytra chesnut, frequently with
a large dark spot extending across the centre, each having seven
strize with punctures, and seven alternating lines of more minute
punctures. Wings fuscous. Abdomen very hairy. legs and
antennze rufous.

In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Tue subject of the present article having created considerable
interest from the devastation it has made in St. James’s and
Hyde Parks, and the public attention having been excited by
a valuable and learned report,* drawn up, at the request of Lord
Sidney, the Ranger, for the Treasury, by W. 8. MacLeay, Esq., I
have been induced to describe and figure this formidable little
insect, hoping to assist in the laudable object of my friend, by
enabling those who suffer from its depredations to apply a remedy

.
et .
- .

* Vide Edinburgh Philosophical Journal, No, XX1. July 1824. p. 123.

which would be impossible without being acquainted with its figure
and habits. ‘|
The perfect insects I have frequently met with, im dry weather

during the spring, even in the streets of London; and Mr. Mac |
Leay informs me that in warm days he has seen them flying about |

the trees in the Birdcage Walk in great abundance: from March
to September the female may be found upon the trunks of elm-

trees, making her way through the bark ; after which she pro- — |

ceeds between the bark and the wood, forming a passage and
depositing her eggs on each side in her course until she is ex-
hausted, when she dies, and may generally be found at the
extremity of the channel: when the eggs, which are deposited
very close to each other, hatch (as Mr. MacLeay informs us) the
larvee begin to feed, working nearly at right angles from the path
of the parent, proceeding almost parallel to each other, as repre-
sented in the engraving. The larve are to be found alive in
January, [ am informed by a lady who reared them : it is therefore
probable they are working during the whole of the winter, when,
the sap of the tree being down, the bark adheres less firmly, the
erub works with greater facility, and the mischief is consequently
augmented.

Our insect inhabits the elms of France and Germany as well as
England, especially in the neighbourhood of Paris and London,
where they most abound, owing probably to the absence of birds
and reptiles in such situations. From recent observations the —

mischief has spread to Kensington Gardens, the Regent’s Park,

and Hampstead, which is not to be wondered at when we consider
the multitudes annually produced, and the facility with which the
insect flies.

«The devastation (says Mr. MacLeay) committed by these
animals is at times so great, that it is clearly worth while to make
experiments to obviate it ; although it is difficult to conceive how
such experiments can ever be made philosophically by persons who
do not in the first instance make themselves acquainted with the
natural history of that particular species of destructive insect
which may have occasioned the mischief.” I cannot do better
probably than join him in recommending “that trees should be
inspected twice a year, in summer when the perfect insect is on
the wing, and afterwards in winter, when infected trees ought to be
eut down and burned, or subjected to such heat or fumigation as
may destroy the larve, or to cover them over with a mixture of
tar and train oil in March to a certain height from the ground all
such trees as it may be thought proper to save :” for young trees,
or a partial affection, corrosive sublimate and turpentine applied
to the parts during dry weather in March would most probably
effectually put a stop to the mischief; but the expense would not
allow of its general application.

A sprig of Udmus campestris ? (the common Elm) is figured.

4
g G
Ltbly C- Eure Vow: 44664

A tee
pp
HYLESINUS SCABER.

oS Jip Leh
4 6
\

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Bostricide.

Type of the Genus, Hylesinus crenatus, Fab.

Hyuzsinus fab., Lat., Gyll., Curt.—Bostrichus Panz.—Scolytus
Oliv.—Ips Marsh.
Antenne inserted near to the anterior margin of the eye, not
longer than the head, capitate, pilose and 11-jointed, basal joint
long, clavate and hooked at the base, 2nd stout and subovate,
3rd slenderer, obtrapezate, 5 following a little broader, short
and transverse, the remainder forming a pubescent ovate-conic
club, slightly compressed, 9th joint a little longer than the 10th,
the apical one considerably longer and conical, with a trans-
verse suture (6).
Labrum undiscovered.
Mandibles porrected, trigonate, inside concave, with 3 slight
notches on the inner margin (2).
Mazille furnished with a large ovate lobe, armed on the inside
with long lanceolate spines and bristles, and very bristly outside.
Palpi extending beyond the lobe, externally hairy, triarticulate,
basal joint the longest and stoutest, 2nd subquadrate, 3rd as
long but much narrower (3).
Mentum obovate, pilose before. Lip minute. Palpi consider-
ably longer than the maxillary, hairy, triarticulate, basal joint
long and stout, 2nd short ovate, 3rd the same length but
slender and naked (4).

Head deflexed and subconic: clypeus broad with a triangular lobe at
the centre: eyes small and lateral. Thorax cylindric, semiorbicular :
scutellum minute and sunk. Elytra very convex, oval, scarcely de-
pressed at the apex: wings very ample. Thighs stout but nearly
linear, longer than the 'Tibiz, which are short and broad, being nar-
rowed at the base and a little dilated and serrated externally at the
apex, having spiny bristles also outside, with a minute claw at the
internal angle. 'Tarsi nearly as long as the tibie, 5-jointed, first
3 joints pubescent beneath, the basal one alittle longer than the 2nd,
ord bilobed, 4th minute, 5th the longest, clavate: claws strong and
acute.

Scaper Marsh. Ent. Brit. p. 56. n. 14.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 335. 3.
Short and stout, piceous, clothed with very short ochreous hairs,
thickly punctured, scabrous, face concave: elytra with 9 strong
striz on each, the suture thickly clothed with short yellowish
hairs, forming an obscure oblong spot towards the base: legs
sometimes inclining to castaneous, with the tips of the tibiz of

a brighter colour; antenne and tarsi ochreous, the latter rather
dull.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

LarreILue’s essential difference between this genus and Hy-
lurgus is, that the former has 9-, the latter 8-jomted antennze;
they are however both 11-jointed, and I doubt very much the
necessity of separating them. In examining the antenne I
observed a transverse suture on the 11th joint as indicated in
the engraving, giving it the appearance of an additional joint;

and not having been able to discover a labrum, I am disposed. |

to believe that the trigonate lobe of the clypeus may supply
its place,

These insects, like Scolytus, figured in plate 43, reside
under the bark of living trees, the beetles eating their way
through when they hatch: the following are natives of Britain.
1. H.crenatus Fab.—Panz. 15.'7.—sulcatus Mars.

I found several on an ash-tree the middle of June at Hen-
stead in Suffolk; it is not uncommon in Norfolk and near
London in August: the Honourable C. A. Harris has met
with it in some abundance in a decayed ash-tree near Heron
Court, Hants; and Mr. Dale took a specimen near Sherborne.
2. H. hemorrhoidalis Mars.—minutus Panz. 15. 11.?

Said to have been taken near London.

2», H. picipennis Step.

I observed this species in abundance under the bark of a
felled tree at Kirkstall Priory near Leeds, in July, but they
were all dead ; it has occurred also near London.

3. H. scaber Mars.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 522.

First taken in Kensington Gardens, and afterwards by Mr.
A. Mathews in his garden at Turnham Green in July; it has
also been found in Surrey.

4, H. Fraxini Fab.—Panz. 66. 15.—varius Mars.—griseus
and rufescens Mars. vars.

Marsham seems to have described 2 varieties of this variable
insect, as distinct species. It inhabits the ash and is very
common in Norfolk on the bark of that tree, also on paling,
timber near saw-pits, &c.; it usually flies in the sun in the
warm days of spring.

The Cleonymus maculipennis (pl. 194.) is parasitic on this
species, as noticed in folio 507.

5. H.furcatus Mars. p. 55. n. 13.

Some suppose this to be also a small variety of the last.
6. H.coadunatus Mars. 58. 20.

Taken by Mr. Ingpen under the bark of rails near Sydenham.
7. H.sericeus Mars. 55.12.

Found in the neighbourhood of London.

~

For specimens of the Mountain Pink (Dianthus cesius) I
am indebted to John Queckett, Esq., of Langport.

HYLURGUS PINIPERDA.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Bostricidee Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Dermestes piniperda Linn.

Hyuureus Lat., Leach. Hylesinus Fab. Bostrichus Fab. Scolytus
Oliv., Lat. Ips De G., Mars. Dermestes Linn.
Antenne short, clavate, pilose, inserted in a fissure on each side
the head, before the eyes, 11-jointed, Ist joint very long, bent,
clavate, 2nd globose, 3rd small, cup-shaped, 4 following trans-
verse, the last being the broadest, to which is attached an ovate,
globular, pubescent club, composed of 4 distinct joints (fig. 6).
Labrum minute, emarginate, ciliated (1).
Mandibles small, trigonate, acute, with 2 teeth on the internal
edge (2).
Mazille horny, short, obtuse, armed internally with spinous
bristles and pilose externally. Palpi very short, 3-jointed (3).
Mentum obovate, hairy. Palpi much longer than the maxillary,
slightly pilose, robust, 3-jointed, Ist joint the largest, 3rd the
smallest. Lip small, ciliated (4).

Head globular, slightly produced anteriorly. Eyes small, elongated.
Thorax cylindric-ovate. Abdomen cylindric. Scutellum indistinct.
Wings 2. Tibia compressed, dilated towards their apex, uncinated
internally, and bidentate on the external edge. ‘Tarsi inserted close
to the internal angle of the tibia, 5-jointed, 2 first joints short, 3rd
bilobed, 4th very minute, 5th elongate-truncate. Claws simple (5,
a fore leg).

Pinirerpa Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 562.9. Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 2.
p. 367.n.17. Mars. Ent. Brit. 57. 18.
Black, shining, slightly pubescent. Head and thorax rather
minutely punctured, the former with a short ridge between the
antenne, the latter narrowed anteriorly. Elytra a little broader
than the thorax, somewhat rugose with 9 minutely punctured
strie producing lines of hair, the interstices irregularly punc-
tured. Antenne and tarsi ferruginous.
Var. b. Elytra rufous.

d. B. testaceus Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 2. p. 367. n. 18.

Eyes blackish. Head and thorax dull and pale ferruginous.
Elytra, antennz and legs ochraceous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

We have already given in folio 43 some account of an insect
that is very destructive to the Elm, and the present paper re-
lates to another beetle of the same family, no less injurious to
the young pines (both Pinus sylvestris and P. Strobus) by de-
stroying their leading shoots.

The following observations upon Hylurgus piniperda and
the drawings illustrating its economy were communicated by
my kind friend John Lindley, Esq., and I have only to regret
that the limits of the work will not allow of their being given
complete.

‘«‘ For the purpose of observing its proceedings more nar-
rowly, I placed a shoot of the Scotch Fir under a glass with
the insect. In about three hours after, it had just begun to
pierce the bark at the base of one of the leaves; its mandibles
seemed chiefly employed, its legs being merely used as a means
of fixing itself more firmly. Four hours after, its head and
thorax were completely buried in the shoot, and it had thrown
out a quantity of wood which it had reduced to a powder, and
which nearly covered the bottom of the glass. In 16 hours
more it was entirely concealed and was beginning to form its
perpendicular excavation, and was busily employed in throw-
ing back the wood as it proceeded in destroying it: there were
evidently two kinds of this sawdust, part consisting of shape-
less lumps, but the greater portion of very thin semi-trans-
parent lamellze or rather shavings, which under a strong lens
exhibited the appearance shown at F. I now examined it
every day till the 5th, when I found it had emerged through
the central buds at about an inch from where it had first com-
menced.

«A, B, C, D, E, are longitudinal sections of the shoots of
the Scotch Fir with the various perforations of the insects;
a, where it commences; b, the aperture which it makes after
it has finished its excavation; c, the end of the 1st and the
beginning of its 2nd excavation.”

There are 8 or 10 British species of this genus, most of
which are found in June, July, and August, under the bark
of trees; amongst which are

1. Hylurgus piniperda Linn.— Mars. p. 57. n. 18.

D. rufus Mars. 57. 19.

3. obscurus Mars. 57. 17.

4. piceus Mars. 58. 21.

5. angustatus Gyl/.—ater Mars. 59. 25.
6. rhododactylus Mars. 58. 22.

te ater Fab.—niger Mars. 59. 24.

8. Boleti Mars. 59. 27.

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706.
BARIS ANALIS.

Onrver Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidae. Cholides Schon.
Type of the Genus, Rhynchenus Artemisiz Jad.

Baris Germ., Dej., Curt.—Baridius Schén.—Rhynchenus Fab., Gyll.
—Curculio Linn., Mars.

Antenne inserted in a groove on each side of the rostrum, to-
wards the apex (7), about the length of the whole head, geni-
culated, 12-jointed, basal jomt long and clavate, but not reach-
ing the eyes, 2nd rather long and stout, 3rd slender, elongate-
obovate, 5 following pilose, globose-quadrate, increasing in
size, the remainder forming a stout, ovate-conic, pubescent
club, the 9th joint being very large, the remainder transverse,
the apical one very small (6).

Mandibles subtrigonate, the apex bifid, with a shoulder beneath
and a notch outside (2).

Mazille small and slender, with an elongated lobe, ovate at the
apex and ciliated. Palpi short, but extending beyond the lobe,
ee 2 basal joints subglobose, 3rd minute and ovate
(3).

Mentum scutiform, with a long bristle near each angle. Palpi
small, triarticulate, basal joint subquadrate, apparently with a
long bristle at the apex, 2nd ovate, 3rd very minute (4).

Head short, rostrum long, curved, stoutish, with a deep narrow groove
on each side, somewhat beneath, extending nearly to the base: eyes
immersed, remote above, but somewhat approximating beneath (7 head
of B. analis). Thorax ovate-quadrate, twice as broad as the head
at the base, with a fovea in front of the pectus: scutel minute.
Elytra elliptic, convex but depressed, scarcely broader than the tho-
rax, apex rounded. Wings ample. Legs equal, anterior coxe re-
mote: thighs incrassated in the middle, notched beneath towards the
apex: tibie stoutish, tapering to the base, the apex with a claw on
the inside, smallest in the hinder pair ; tarsi attached to the outside,
broad and 5-jointed, spongy beneath, basal joint elongate-clavate,
2nd obtrigonate, 3rd large, bilobed, 4th minute, 5th long, slender

_ and clavate: claws stout and acute (5, a fore leg).

Anauts Oliv.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 337.

Deep slate-black, slightly glossy: rostrum and head sparingly
punctured: thorax quadrate-semiovate, very strongly punctured,
with a smooth line down the back: elytra ferruginous beyond
the middle, with 9 strong sharp furrows on each, with minute
punctures on the interstices, and a series of white hairs on each:
legs punctured, with minute white hairs ; hooks of tibie ferru-
ginous,

In Mr. Rudd’s Cabinet.

204.

*y

Nor having had the opportunity of carefully studying the sy-
stematic ar ‘rangement ot Schinherr, I should not be warranted
in criticising his labours. I shall therefore merely remark,
with regard to the present genus, that he has placed the divi-
sion Cholides, to which Barzs belongs, between his Erirhinides
(vide pl. 634) and his Cryptorhynchides (Acalles, pl. 550),
instead of connecting it with Calandra as it generally has been.
Baris being the original name given to this group by
Germar, it is much to be regretted that Schénherr should have
changed it in his work to Baridius, encumbering science with
an useless name and depriving one of our veteran entomolo-
gists of his just reward. ‘The following are British species :

* Antenne inserted at the middle of the rostrum ; 3rd joint
elongated.

1. T— album Linn.—Atriplicis Payk.—Oliv. 5. No. 83. t. 27.

Jf: 404.—pilistriatus Kirb. var.—hypoleucus Mars.

March, in moss, Battersea fields; end of May, on rushes
in meadows and in hedges, Norfolk and Suffolk, J. C.; So-
merset and Bristol; on Erica tetralix, Crwmlyn bog, Mr.
Dillwyn.

** Antenne inserted beyond the middle; 3rd joint short.

2. Artemisize Fab.—Panz. 18. 10.—Ilaticollis Mars.
May and June, on Artemisia vulgaris, Essex; I have taken
it also in Suffolk, on sandy banks.

3. impunctatus Kzrb.—Step.—Schin.—cyaneus Curt.
Suffolk and in the neighbourhood of London: my speci-
mens I received from the late Mr. E. Hobson of Manchester.

4. analis Oliv.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 766.
This valuable acquisition was only recorded as an inha-
bitant of the south of France, Italy and Dalmatia, until the

specimen figured was captured near Ryde in thelsle of Wight,
in June, by the Rev. G. T. Rudd.

5. picicornis Mars. p. 276. 115.—Lepidii Miill.— Scho.

Not uncommon at Gravesend; I once found several speci-
mens at Earlham in Norfolk, in the flowers of Reseda lutea,
pl. 48, the end of June.

Rhyneolus and Mecinus, which I formerly included with
Baris, are undoubtedly distinct genera.

The plant is Chrysocoma Linosyris, Goldylocks, from Berry-
head, Torbay, for which I am indebted to Mrs. Griffiths, of
Torquay, and S. H. Haslam, Esq.

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COSSONUS TARDII.

OrpverR Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionids Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus * Curculio linearis Fab.

Cossonus Clairv., Fab., Lat. Curculio Fab., Payk., Herbst.
Antenne inserted in the centre of a fissure on each side
towards the extremity of the rostrum in both sexes in the type,
and in the male alone in C. Tardii (f. 7), and near the base of
the rostrum at the posterior extremity of the fissure in the fe-
male (f. 8); as long as the rostrum, geniculated, composed
of 9 joints, pubescent, hairy, excepting the Ist joint which is
long and smooth, 2nd and 3rd alittle longer than the 5 following
which are very short, club somewhat conic probably 3-jointed
(fig. 6).

Labrum none.

Mandibles irregular in form, somewhat acute at the apex, with
one or two teeth on the internal edge (2).

Mazille short, somewhat acute at the apex which is coriaceous,
with a row of strong obtuse curved bristles on the internal edge :
Palpi short, 4-jointed, Ist joint very robust, 4th small, cylindric,
truncated (3).

Mentum short, narrowed at the base: Palpi 3-jointed, truncated
(4).

Head produced into a rostrum which is dilated and depressed at the
apex in both sexes in the type, and in the male alone in C. Tardii (7),
and cylindric in the female of that species (8). Eyes scarcely pro-
minent. Thorax broad, very much narrowed anteriorly, more or
less depressed. Abdomen very much elongated, somewhat cylindric,
depressed. Elytra entirely covering the body. Scutellum minute.
Legs rather short. Thighs robust, notched beneath towards the apex.
Tibiz compressed, uncinated externally ai the apex. arsi atiached
to the internal surface of the tibie, 4-jointed, \st and Ath joints
longer than the others, 3rd cordate or bifid (5 a fore leg).

Tarpu Vigors’s MSS.

Blackish, somewhat castaneous, rough, glossy. Head punctured,
with a foveola between the eyes. Rostrum covered with large
punctures, and a channel between the antenne in the male ;
smooth in the female. Thorax deeply and closely punctured,
smooth down the centre, with a transverse impressed line near
the anterior margin. Elytra with about 10 deeply punctured
striz on each, the surface between rugose. Antenne and legs
castaneous, the former with the club very pubescent, the latter
punctured, having a few short close hairs—Some specimens are
much more castaneous than others, and they frequently are not
more than half the size of that figured.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Vigors and the Author.

* The dissections are made from Cossonus Turdii.

THE genus Cossonus was established by Clairville in the 1st
volume of his excellent work “* Entomologie Helvétique,” where
he has given C. linearis as the type of the genus: the different
situation of the antennee, as well as the form of the rostrum
in the female of C. Tardii, are such marked differences as
entitle it to be distinguished from the others, as a division if
not as a genus.

I have great pleasure in adopting the specific name pro-
posed by Mr. Vigors in honour of his friend James Tardy,
Esq., of Dublin, to whom I have to acknowledge my obliga-
tions for specimens of this fine Cossonus, taken by himself and
Mr. Vigors in July 1822, near Powerscourt waterfall, county
of Wicklow, Ireland, under the bark of decayed hollies: it
appears, like all wood-feeding insects, to be extremely local ;
for Mr. Tardy in a letter says, ‘‘I have in vain sought for it
in places abounding as much in holly and in similar situations
in the same county.” A slimy exudation, similar to that seen
where the Nitidul@ reside, was observed on the spots inhabited
by the Cossonus.

The other species, which is an inhabitant of our own island,
C. linearis F., has been found in Windsor Forest, and also in
the neighbourhood of Fulham, where in June last Mr. Vigors
captured a large quantity in the stump of a willow-tree:
Mr. Howard Sims also took some specimens out of an old
elm-tree, many years since, near Epping, Essex; these speci-
mens Mr. Stephens suspected to be a new species, which he
named C. elongatus, but from their mutilated state it is a dif
ficult point to decide.

The plant figured, to which the insect is attached, is Mex
Aquifolium (Holly-tree)..

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627.
GYMN#ETRON GRAMINIS.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidee. Cionides Sché.
Type of the Genus, Curculio Beccabungee Linn.

Gymnztron Sché.—Miarus Schi.—Cionus Germ.—Cleopus Meg.,
Curt.—Rhynchenus Fab., Gyll.—Curculio Linn., Mars.
Antenne inserted in lateral grooves at the middle of the rostrum,
as long as the head, geniculated, 10-jointed, basal joint long
and clavate, 2nd and 3rd elongated pear-shaped, of equal length,
the former the stoutest, 3 following short, more or less oblong,
the 6th being stoutest and cup-shaped, the remainder forming
an oval conical club, 7th joint long ovate-truncate, 8th trans-
verse, 9th semiconic, 10th undiscovered (6).

Mandibles bidentate at the apex, with a protuberance below on
the inner margin (2).

Maville rounded and ciliated inside. Palpi very short and tri-
articulate ? basal joint transverse, 2nd cup-shaped, 3rd ovate (3).
Mentum elongated, nearly linear, concave before. Palpi very
minute, composed of 2 oblong joints, 2nd the slenderest and
ovate (4).

Rostrum inflected, nearly as long as the thoraz, slender and but slightly
curved, the sides grooved ut the base: head globose, inserted up to
the eyes which are lateral(7). Thorax short, broad and hemisphe-
rical: pectus grooved: scutel minute, subovate. Elytra ovate,
slightly depressed, the apex truncated but rounded and not covering
the pygidium. Wings ample. Legs short: thighs clavate, notched
towards the apex, forming in the hinder pair a short tooth (5+) :
tibice slightly bent, with an internal hook at the apex, largest in the
anterior pair: tarsi 4-jointed, spongy beneath, 2 basal joints obtri-
gonate, 3rd bilobed, 4th clavate: claws small (5). Obs. the dis-
sections and description are from G. graminis.

Graminis Gyll. 3. 210. 120.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 340. 6.

Black, very thickly punctured and clothed with fine short pu-
bescence, giving an ochreous tinge : thorax suborbicular, trun-
cated before and behind, broadest at the base, the hairs by
meeting forming a ridge down the middle : scutel white : elytra
convex, a little depressed before, with ten strong black shining
channels on each: hinder thighs with a tooth beneath; all the
tibize with a claw at the apex, largest in the anterior pair.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue genus Cleopus, which was adopted in the Guide, has been
superseded by Scheenherr, and formed into the following sec-
tions.

* Rostrum filiform: elytra subovate, convex: pygidium
scarcely hidden by the elytra.
1, Beccabunge Linn. F. S. 607.—Veronicee Germ. var. Dull

ferruginous ; head, rostrum and thorax blackish, sides of the latter grey
with pubescence ; scutel white, suture dark: 1+ line long.

June, on the Veronica Beccabunga (pl. 236) and other aquatic
plants, Norfolk, Suffolk, and near London.

** Mrarus Schd. Rostrum filiform, immersed in a pectoral
channel: elytra flattish, suabquadrate: pygidium exposed.
2. Campanule L. 8. N. 2. 607. 7.—acephalus Mar. 271. 102.

Like No. 3, but smaller; the thighs are not dentated, the apex of the
abdomen is bidentate in the male and foveolated in the female.

Mr. Stephens, who possesses the Marshamian collection,
placed the C. acephalus in the wrong genus in his Syst. Cat.
which caused an error in the Guide, of which he complains.

Found in June in the flowers of Campanula rotundifolia (pl.
324) and C. glomerata (pl. 85), on the Devil’s Ditch, Newmar-
ket Heath, J.C.; and on Hypocheris maculata by the Rev. L. |
Jenyns: end of July, Blandford race-course and Parley, Mr. |
Dale, and near Swansea, Mr. Dillwyn.

3. graminis Gyll.— Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 627.

I am almost disposed with Paykull to consider this the fe-
male of No. 2., with which I have more than once found it.

June, grass, sides of fields near Cambridge and round London.

*** Ruinusa Kzrb. Rostrum free, often attenuated towards
the apex: elytra slightly depressed, subquadrate; shoulders
somewhat prominent anteriorly: pygidium exposed. |

4. Antirrhini Payk.— Mars. 264. 80. Black, punctured, and spa-

ringly clothed with short ochreous hairs, forming series between the

channels on the elytra: rostrum short, straight, thick and attenuated;
thighs unarmed: 1+ line.

Common in Norfolk and Suffolk in the flowers of Antirrhi-
num Linaria (pl. 64); Dover, beginning of September.
5. intaminatus Kzrb. MSS. Elongate-ovate, black, shining, punctured,

slightly pubescent; rostrum short and stout, apex attenuated; funicu-

lus castaneous; elytra with narrow channels and series of punctures
between them, thighs unarmed: nearly 1 line.

August, Norf., Suff., the Isle of Wight, and near London.

6. Linariz & teter Panz. 26. 18. Black, subdepressed, sparingly
clothed with cinereous pubescence; rostrum thickish, very curved;
antenne short, thick; thighs indistinctly dentate: 14 line.

Norfolk, on Antirr. Linaria, at the roots of which it is said by

Panzer to undergo its metamorphoses in a gall-shaped cocoon.

7. tricolor Mars. 259.65.—labilis Herb. Subcylindric, black, pune-
tured, sparingly clothed with short rigid hairs :. antenne short, ferru-
ginous, the scape scarcely longer than the 2nd joint, club black; rostrum
short and cylindric; elytra with a spot on each at the base and apex,
an oblique band beyond the middle and the costa rufous; legs ferru-
ginous, thighs black, angulated beneath: 1 line.

June, off a willow, Knaresborough, J. C., and Mr. Walton
took several; amongst short grass, Norf., Suff., and N. Wales.
C. Nasturtii is included in this genus by Mr. Stephens, but its
7-jointed funiculus shows that it does not belong to theCionides.

The Plant is Campanula Trachelium, Nettle-leaved Bell-
flower.

Get Ly S Garber Sure :4: 1880

jam iy ene,
292.

MONONYCHUS PSEUDACORI.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionide Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus, Rhynchenus Pseudacori Fab.

Mononycuus Schiipp., Germ., Schén.—Rhynchenus Fab., Oliv.—

Falciger De.

Antenne inserted on each side the rostrum a little before the
middle, rather short slender pubescent and geniculated; 12-
jointed, basal joint not very long, clavate, 2nd pear-shaped,
rather longer and more robust than the 6 following, the 3rd very
slender, the 5 following slightly increasing in size, the 9th and
remainder forming a fusiform-oval club, the apical joint being
very minute (6).

ELabrum none.

Mandibles forming 2 large teeth at the apex and a small one on
the inside towards the base (2).

Mazille short forming one large ciliated lobe. Palpi extending
beyond the apex of the lobe, robust, composed of 3 subquadrate
joints and terminated by a minute one (3).

Mentum elongated, narrowed at the base. Lip ovate, coriaceous
at the base, membranous at the apex, producing 2 bristles on
each side. Palpi inserted near the middle, short, triarticulate,
basal joint subquadrate furnished with 2 bristles, 2nd short cup-
shaped, 3rd very minute (4).

Rostrum elongated, slightly arcuated and cylindrical, bent close to the
sternum when at rest. Eyes lateral, rotundate, not prominent (7).
Thorax triangular-truncate, posterior margin conver. Scutellum
triangular and acuminated, Elytra shorter than the Abdomen,
subquadrate and compressed behind the scutellum. Wings ample.
Thighs clavate with a slight notch beneath, near the apex. Tibie
somewhat compressed, emarginate externally towards the apex. Tarsi
spongy beneath, 4-jointed, 1st and 2nd joints of equal size, semi- ovate,

3rd forming two perfect lobes, 4th slender, subclavate, with a simple
Claw to each foot (5).

Psgupacori Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 2. p. 408. n. 61.

Black, slightly glossy, punctured all over. Head hollowed be-
tween the eyes, with a few ferruginous scales at the base of the
rostrum, the antenne, excepting the club, of the same colour.
Thorax ochreous on the sides, with a large channel down the
back. Elytra with an ochreous oblong spot behind the scutel-
lum, 10 clean-cut punctured strie on each, 2 of them passing
round a protuberance near the apex. Underside clothed with
yellowish shining scales ; the Tarsi beneath ochreous.

In the Author’s Cabinet.

Mowonycuus, as the name implies, has but one claw to each
tarsus,—a remarkable character which I believe will distinguish
it from all other Curculionidz. In stature and appearance
our genus resembles the Ceutorhynchi; but, independent of
the single claws, the antennz are inserted before the middle,
and the tibize are notched and somewhat spined towards the
apex.

For the first specimens I possessed of this insect, I was in-
debted to Mrs. Griffiths of Torquay, Devon; and this autumn,
when botanizing in the Isle of Wight, I discovered its habitat
and ceconomy.

By the name assigned to it by Fabricius, we should expect
to find it attached to the Iris Pseudacorus: whether such be
the case Iam unable to say, but all that I found were amongst
the seeds of the Iris fatidissima: some capsules contained
two beetles, in which instances there were two seeds excavated,
like the one represented in the plate. Some seeds also con-
tained a maggot, others a pupa.

It is somewhat singular that not one beetle could be found
upon the leaves or stalks of the Iris, every specimen being in-
closed with the seeds in the capsule; but what is still more re-
markable, the perfect insects appear at the period when the seeds
are ripe. Where then do they deposit their eggs? the beetles
must either remain during the winter buried with the seeds
amongst the herbage, or, what is equally probable, some of
them may remain in the larva and pupa states until the spring;
and although the Iris does not flower till June, its conspicuous
capsule may be easily perforated at that, or even an earlier
period. I trust that these observations will incite inquiry, to
ascertain whether the beetles can be found depositing their
eggs in the capsule of our plant, and also whether it can be
detected on the Iris Pseudacori.

The flower of Iris feetidissima (called Gladwyn and Roast-
beef Plant) has been figured in pl. 131, and the handsome
opening capsule is now represented. It is a local plant, but is
abundant on the under-cliff at the back of the Isle of Wight,
at Dartford in Kent, the bath-hills near Bungay, Suffolk, &c.;
and any discoveries relating to the insect might be made
known through the medium of Mr. Loudon’s valuable Maga-
zine of Natural History.

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IY- 1837
670.
CEUTORHYNCHUS GERANII.
The Geranium Weevil.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidee.
Type of the Genus, Curculio Geranii Payk.

Crvroruyncuus Schiip., Germ., Schin., Curt.—Cceliodes, Nedyus,
Poophagus and Rhinoncus Schén.—Campylirhynchus Meg.—
Falciger Meg.—Rhynchenus fab., Gy/ll.

Antenne inserted at the middle of the rostrum, on each side,
rather short, slender, geniculated, slightly pilose, 12-jointed,
basal joint elongated, clavate, 2nd short obovate, 3rd slender
and longer than the 2nd or following, 4th and 5th elongate-
ovate, 3 following ovate, 8th the stoutest, 9th saucer-shaped,
the remainder forming an ovate conic-club, 10th large and cup-
shaped, 11th small and saucer-shaped, 12th minute, ovate (6).
Mandibles subtrigonate, notched externally, with a trigonate
tooth at the apex and a larger one on the inside (2).

Maville forming a rounded and very hairy lobe, densely ciliated.
Palpi short and 4-jointed? basal joint cup-shaped,2nd and 3rd
short, more ring-shaped, 4th small, ovate-truncate (3).
Mentum orbicular, concave before. Lip small and ovate. Palpi
minute, triarticulate, 2 basal joints bowl-shaped, lst the largest,
3rd very small and ovate (4).

Head globose (7), nutant, not immersed to the eyes ; rostrum consi-
derably longer than the head, filiform, a little curved, received into a
groove.in the breast : eyes lateral, remote and ovate. 'Thorax sub-
ovate-truncate, anterior margin narrow and reflexed, the base bi-
sinuated, with spines or tubercles on the back or sides ; scutel con-
cealed in a deep channel. Elytra broad, short, orbicular or ovate,
scabrous, truncated at the base, the shoulders prominent, covering the
abdomen, excepting the pygidium: wings ample. Legs moderately
long and stout, nearly equal, anterior the most approximating : thighs
compressed, with a tooth beneath: tibie clavate, with an external
blunt tooth towards the apex, where it is serrated with bristles and
truncated: tarsi spongy beneath, quadriarticulate, 2 basal joints ob-
trigonate, 3rd bilobed, 4th small, clavate : claws small, bifid at the
apex (5, afore leg).

Geranit Payk.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 345. 1.

Black, shining, strongly and thickly punctured, excepting the
apex of the rostrum; sparingly clothed with short rigid hairs ;
thorax with a short tooth on each side near the middle: elytra
with 10 deep punctured striz on each, the insterstices flat, with
a row of tubercles, each terminated by a short hair; underside
clothed with white scales; all the thighs with a small tooth
beneath and all the tibize with a bristly tooth outside.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

[HE extensive group termed Ceutorhynchus having been formed
nto several genera by Schonherr, I introduced all that were

published into my new “ Guide,” and shall here give their |
characters.
* Antenne 12-jointed.
Caxiopes. Rostrum long ; pectoral channel for receiving it
reaching to the intermediate coxe : tibia with a tooth outside, |
1. Geranii Payk.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 670.

The end of June I observed many specimens at Gigeleswick |
eating the petals of Geranium sanguineum; Mr. Walton took
it in plenty on G. pratense at Knaresborough, and Mr. Dale |
at. Ambleside. |

4. Quercus Herb. Col. 6. pl. 92. f.’7. May, on oaks, Norfolk.

Crutoruyncuus. Rostrum long ; pectoral channel for receiving |

at not extending beyond the anterior core: tibiae simple. |
13. Asperifoliarum Gy/. 3. 221. 128. 4

11th June in a wood near Norbury Park, in abundance on >
Cynoglossum sylvaticum, Mr. Walton.
16. litura Payk.—Gzyl. 3. 222. 129.

May, on thistles, Norfolk; Sept. flying, at Durnford.
19. Ericee Gyl. 3. 147. 69.

16th August in abundance on heath, ascending the Fairy |
Hills near Brodick in Arran; Parley and Nighton Heaths. —
32. Chrysanthemi Germ.—rugulosus Gy. 3. 231. 136. var. ¢.

11th June in abundance in grassy fields at Mickleham.
Pooruacus Schon. Body somewhat elongated and depressed,
35. Nasturtii Spence.—Step. Ill. pl. 20. f: 1. |

First discovered near Hull by Mr. Spence, and by Mr. Wal- |
ton near Knaresborough, on Nasturtium officinale the end of
last June and beginning of July.

Rurnoncus Schon. Rostrum short and stout.

47. Pericarpius Linn.—Gyl. 3. 157. 78.—Herb. pl. 91.f. 12.

May, Coomb Wood, on docks, and thistles, and in the pe- |
ricarp of a Scrophularia. |
48. Castor Fab.—leucostigma Mar. 255. 51.

May, Thetford and Tollsbury, Essex, in corn fields.

3464. ANopLus Schup. Tarsi with the claws wanting.

60. plantaris Gyl. 3. 252. 152.—brevis Mars. 265.

July, on alders and birch in Norfolk, also in Coomb and |
Darent Woods.

** Antenne 11~jointed.
346%. Pacuyruinus. Rostrum short and thick.
56. Comari Gyl.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 558.
346°. Amatus Schon. Rostrum elongated and slender.

63. Scortillum Herb. pl. 92. f. 13.—inflexus Mars. 253. 43.

May, hedges in Norfolk ; Wrentham, Suffolk; and Batter- |
sea-fields. i

For specimens of the beautiful Geranium phaeum, Dusky |
Crane’s-bill, I am indebted to J. Walton, Esq., who gathered |
them near Knaresborough.

JA- 833
558.

PACHYRHINUS COMARI.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidee.—Erirhinides Scho,

Type of the Genus, Curculio Comari Herbst.

Pacuyruinus Kirby.—Hydaticus Sché.—Rhynchenus Gyl.—Ceu-
torhynchus Germ., Curt.
Antenne inserted in a lateral groove a little beyond the middle
of the rostrum, longer than the head, geniculated, capitate and
11-jointed, basal joint not half the length of the remainder,
stout and narrowed at the base, 2nd shorter, but longer and
stouter than the 6 following, 3rd and 4th slender and ovate, 3
following globose, 8th stouter and cup-shaped, with longish
hairs, the remainder forming a pubescent, ovate-conic club, 9th
joint the largest, 11th small (6).
Mandibles subovate, concavo-convex, external margin notched,
one a little sinuated internally (2).
Mazille short, the internal margin partially ciliated, and fur-
nished with several hooked spines. Palpi short, composed of
4 short joints, gradually decreasing in size, cup-shaped, the ter-
minal joint small and ovate (3).
Mentum? obovate. Palpi as long as the mentum, triarticulate,
basal joint the largest, ovate, 2nd subquadrate, 3rd small sub-
ovate (4).

Rostrum short, thick anda little curved : head subglobose : eyes rather
small remote and orbicular. (7, upper side of head.) Thorax trans-
verse, narrowed before, slightly tuberculated behind and bisinuated.
Scutellum very minute. Elytra ovate-convex, truncated at the base,
and not covering the apex of the abdomen. Wings ample. Legs not
short and rather slender, anterior approximating : thighs somewhat
inflated, with the apex a little capitate: tibie nearly straight and
slightly clavate, the apex furnished with spiny bristles: tarsi pube-
scent beneath, 4-jointed, two first joints obtrigonate, basal one a little
longer than the 2nd, 3rd bilobed, 4th slender and clavate: claws
small curved and acute (5, a fore leq).

Comari Gyll.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 345. n. 56.

Black, clothed with grayand other scales and strongly punctured;
yellowish-white beneath; rostrum variegated with gray scales ;
thorax with a large black space at the base, with a pointed
tubercle on each side, a shallow channel and pale line down the
centre, the sides with large patches of brown and pale yellow ;
elytra punctured and deeply striated, variegated with numerous
gray spots of scales, forming a long spot down the base of the
suture and several interrupted fasciz; antenne castaneous,
basal joint the brightest, club gray with pubescence at the apex;
tips of thighs, tibize and tarsi castaneous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

I HAVE restored my friend Mr. Kirby’s name, for independ-
ently of its having been long given to this group, Schénherr’s
is preoccupied by a genus of the Dyticide. The very thick
proboscis and short basal joint of the antennz are characters
to distinguish Pachyrhinus, which contains the following spe-
cies, all of which, excepting No. 3, have been taken in the
vicinity of London: some are attached to sandy wastes, and
others are found on marsh or subaquatic plants.

1. P. leucogaster Mars. p. 253. 45.—asperatus Gyll. v. 4. 583.
Piceous-black, above cinereous, white with scales be-
neath, Jegs testaceous, variegated with fuscous, thorax —
bituberculated, elevated and ferruginous before, elytra
scarcely tuberculated. Gy/1.

May, hedges, Somersetshire, &c.

2. rufescens Step. Til. v. 4. p. 50.

Dull pitchy-red, cinereous beneath, thorax with a white

dorsal channel, elytra broad immaculate, base of the su-

ture white, antennze and legs reddish-piceous: length 14 —

to 1} lines. Step. .
Taken in Somersetshire, &c.

3. Comari Herb.—-Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 558.

Mr. Kirby took a specimen on the plant figured by the

Moore’s river, Hants, July 6th, 1821, and I believe Mr. Dale

has captured it at Hurne and in the New Forest; Mr. Skrim-

shire has also observed it at Barnham in Norfolk.

4. quadridentatus Step. Ill. 4. 51.

Black, above cinereous, white with scales beneath, thorax

obscurely channelled, with 4 acute tubercles, tibize rufous:

length 13 line. Step. .
Taken in the New Forest.

5. quadrinodosus Gy/l. 3. 155. ’76.—mucronulatus Germ. 239.
369.
Black, base of suture and abdomen white with scales, legs
rufous, thorax deeply punctate, the elytra tuberculated.
Gy/il.

From the vicinity of Bristol.

6. Myriophylli Gyll. 3. 152. '73.— Hydrolapathi Step.
Somewhat depressed, opake black, beneath densely scaly,
white, above smoky, scaly, sprinkled with white, legs tes-
taceous, thorax uneven, tuberculated. Gzy/l.

Inhabits Myriophyllum spicatum. Taken on the Water-

Dock at Newcastle by Mr. Wailes.

The Plant is Comarum palustre (Marsh Cinquefoil.)

A
Sub by Cf: Gurbs Mane ESF

LAL Se Ss
000.
ACALLES ROBORIS.
OrveER Coleoptera. Iam. Curculionide.

Cryptorhynchidee Schd.
Type of the Genus, Curculio Ptinoides Marsh.

Acattes Schi.—Tylodes Sché., Curt.—Cryptorhynchus Curt.—
Rhynchenus Gyl/.—Curculio Marsh.
Antenne inserted in a groove on the side of the rostrum about
the middle, geniculated, 12-jointed, basal joint about half the
length of the remainder, stout and clavate, 2nd and 3rd elongated,
the former the longest and stoutest, 5 following subquadrate,
8th the largest and rather funnelshaped, the remainder form-
ing a short ovate club, pubescent at the apex (6).
Mandibles somewhat trigonate, convex inside at the base, bifid
at the apex (2).
Maville produced on the inside and ciliated with stout blunt
bristles. Palpi short and triarticulate, basal joint stout some-
what quadrate, 2nd small, 3rd slender and rounded at the apex
(3).
Mentum long and narrow, dilated at the base and apex, which
last is bisinuated. Palpi small and triarticulate, basal joint
ovate and a little the stoutest, 3rd the smallest (4).

Rostrum received into a groove in the breast, as far as the anterior
core ; a little arched and slightly narrowed at the middle: head
globose but concealed nearly to the eyes which are small lateral and
ovate. ‘Thorax subglobose, truncate at the base, a little produced
before and sinuated behind the eyes : scutellum none. Elytra con-
nate, globose, a little tapering to the apex, the sides inclosing the ab-
domen. Wings none. Legs rather short: thighs rather elongated
and slightly notched beneath towards the apex : tibize shorter, notched
at the apex and producing an incurved spine: tarsi short, 4-jointed,
basal joint a little longer than the 2nd which is subcordate, 3rd bi-
lobed, 5th slender and clavate: claws minute curved and acute (5, a

fore leg).

Rosorts Curt. MSS.—Guide, Gen. 346. 3.
Piceous, clothed with cinereous-ochre scales, somewhat erected,
rostrum naked, shining and ferruginous, base yellow, with scales,
antenne ferruginous; crown of head blackish, as well as 2
slightly elevated tufts of scales on the fore part of the thorax,
the back of which is deeply channelled and flattened, forming a
subcordate blackish space, elevated in front with 2 spots of ci-
nereous scales, sides yellow variegated with ochre, with a slight
tubercle on each beyond the middle: elytra strongly striated
with deep little foveze, the interstices elevated, especially the
2nd and 4th at the middle, and the 3rd and 5th at the base and
towards the apex, forming 6 elevated oblong black spots of
scales on each, an irregular dark band extends across the mid-
dle : legs annulated with brown.
In the Author’s Cabinet.

oy

TyLopEs is distinguished from Cryptorhynchus by the ab= —
sence of a scutellum. It was established as a genus by
Schonherr in his “ Curculionidum Dispositio Methodica,”
where he characterizes Acalles as a subgenus, which he says
differs from the former one in the structure of the antennz and
elytra, and the canal beneath the thorax is more abbre-
viated. Not seeing the utility of giving names to sections so —
slightly different in structure, I adopted in my Guide the name
of Tylodes, and A. Roboris very much resembling C. Lapathi
in form, I included them in the same genus.

The following are British species of Acalles:

1. Ptinoides Marsh. p.258. 59.

Length 1} line. Pitchy-castaneous, rugose with large
punctures, partially filled with ochreous and somewhat
erected scales, forming 4 indistinct lines on the thorax:
rostrum, antennze and tarsi castaneous or ferruginous:
elytra deeply striated, with little fovese, ochreous with
scales, excepting a fascia across the middle, 2nd and 4th
strize elevated, with 2 oblong black tufts of scales on each:
base and a band at the middle of the thighs and tibiz
clothed with ochreous or whitish scales.

Not uncommon in Norfolk on nettles in hedges in May.
Mr. Dale has taken it in June and the beginning of October
at Barton Cliff, Hants, and at Maiden Castle near Dorchester,
and Mr. Dillwyn near Swansea.

2. Roboris Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 550 3.

The natural size of the female is pretty nearly given below
the magnified figure, but the male is smaller. I took a pair of
this curious and rare insect off an Oak-tree in Suffolk the be-
ginning of June many years since.

3. globulus Herbst C. 6. 398. 376. tab. 91. f. 7.
‘«¢ Black, somewhat opake, dorsal line and sides of breast
with white scales, elytra globose, deeply sulcated and
punctured, interstices narrow and crenated.” Gy/ll. 3.
235. 138.

He says it lives in the young shoots of the Trembling Pop-
lar.

Mr. Stephens has called it Rutidosoma and Schonherr pro-
bably will give it another name.

For the rare and beautiful Lobelia urens (Acrid Lobelia) I
am indebted to B. R. Morris, Esq., who found it near Ax-
minster.

ORCHESTES WALTONI.

OrpeER Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidae.
Type of the Genus, Curculio Alni Linn.

Orcuestes Ji/., Oliv., Sché., Curt—Salius Schr., Germ.—Rhyn-
chenus Fab., Gyl.—Curculio Linn., Mars.
Antenne generally as long as the rostrum, and inserted ina
cavity on each side (7), more or less removed from the eyes,
sometimes near the centre, geniculated, capitate, pilose and 11-
jointed, basal joint stout, sometimes long and clavate, 2nd half
as long, thick and clavate, 3rd rather shorter, slender and clavate,
4th oblong, 3 following obovate, the 7th being stouter and more
globose, the remainder forming a pubescent ovate-conic club,
composed of 4 joints, 1st cup-shaped, 2nd as large, 3rd short,
4th small and semiovate (6).
Mandibles subtrigonate and tridentate, the upper tooth generally
the smallest, the lower one sometimes rounded (2).
Maville short and narrow, densely ciliated internally. Palpi
very short, slender and triarticulate (3).
Mentum long. Lip suborbicular. Palpi minute biarticulate (4).
Head small; rostrum inflected, elongated, stout, curved, subcylindric
(7 * profile) : eyes large, globose, generally approximating in front
(7). Thorax ovate, the base bisinuated : scutel very minute. Elytra
often twice as broad as the thorax, elongate-ovate, shoulders promi-
nent. Wings ample. Legs, anterior approximating, hinder formed
for leaping : thighs stout, 4 anterior with a minute tooth beneath,
hinder greatly incrassated, ovate-conic, the margin beneath from the
end to the apex denticulated and bristly : tibie, anterior clavate, with
a minute claw at the apex, intermediate pectinated externally towards
the apex, with a claw also (5 *) ; hinder doubly pectinated towards
the apex and truncated obliquely (5 +) : tarsi 4-jointed, hairy beneath,
basal joint elongate clavate, 2nd shorter somewhat obtrigonate, 3rd
broad and bilobed, 4th as long as the \st, slender and clavate : claws
curved, acute, with a tooth near the base.

Watront Curt.—Guide, Gen. 351.

Black clothed with short yellowish hairs; head and thorax
thickly punctured ; rostrum reaching to the anterior coxz ; eyes
approximating ; antenne inserted near the base of the rostrum
(7 and 7 *) ferruginous, club piceous at the apex, basal joint
obovate, stouter but not longer than the 2nd: funiculus 6-
jointed; elytra with 8 punctured furrows on each and minute
punctures between them; hinder thighs alone angulated be-
neath and furnished with a few short bristles ; tarsi ferruginous,
piceous at the apex.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Walton and the Author.

Minott as these insects are, they have the power by the com-
bined action of myriads to destroy the verdure of the finest
groves, and to give an autumnal tint even in the commence-
ment of summer to the green woods which they assail.

®

In 1832 Lord Farnham informed me that the Beech trees
on his estate in Cavan, Ireland, had for the last 3 or 4 years
suffered, not only in appearance, from the leaves being par-
tially blighted by a species of these insects (O. Fagz) in June
and the beginning of July, when they assumed an autumnal
appearance, but the general health of the trees seemed to be
considerably impaired. It appeared that on the bud opening
it was immediately occupied by the Orchestes, which perfo- —
rated the leaves, and to so great an extent that scarcely a tree
escaped.

On the 10th of June in the previous year, in a ramble
through the New Forest, I observed the leaves of the trees
looked very brown, and those of the Beech were quite blistered,
which I at first attributed to the severe frost we had in the
morning of the 6th of May; but on examining them I founda —
larva was inclosed in each leaf, which in a short time changed |
to O. Fag7; so that at the period Lord Farnham observed it in
Ireland, this beetle seemed to have been equally abundant in —
England.

The Elm is equally subject to the attacks of another species,
which is named, but somewhat improperly, O. Alni. A lady
sent me some specimens from larvae she detected in the leaves _
of the Elm the end of May and beginning of June; they blis=-
tered the leaves from feeding on the parenchyma in a similar
way to the other species, and the beetles hatched in June.

Schonherr has given the following sections in Orchestes, and
21 species are recorded in the Guide.

1. Posterior femora denticulated.

1. Alni Linn.—Don. Brit. Ins. v. 7. pl. 249. f. 2.

9°. Waltoni Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 678. This undescribed spe-
cies was found near Knaresborough by J. Walton, Esq., whose
laborious investigation of the Apions and other Curculio-
nide entitle him to the thanks of all entomologists. Several
specimens were swept off herbage on the sides of ditches the
beginning of last September.

2. Posterior thighs unarmed.
11. Salicis Zinn.—Avellane Don. B. I. v. 6. pl. 205.f. 3.

3. TacHyErGEs Scho. Funiculus? jointed: thighs always simple.
15. Capreee Fab.—Don. 4. 121. f. 5. 6. 7.—bifasciatus Fab.

Schonherr in his characters of this genus does not notice
the singular pectination of the tibiz, and he says the apex is
not uncinated. It appears from his work that great confusion
has been made in the “ Illustrations,” several species being
placed under the wrong divisions ; for instance, Mr. Stephens’s
Orchestes decoratus is a Tachyerges, and his T. Salicis and
Populi are not Tachyerges. Many of the synonyms also are
incorrect and consequently mislead.

The Plant is Veronica montana, Mountain Speedwell, com-
municated by Dr. Bromfield.

aH jog > —

/ oA S32

562.

ANTHONOMUS POMORUM.
The Pear and Apple Weevil.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidee.—Erirhinides Sché.

Type of the Genus, Curculio Pomorum Linn.

AntHonomus Germ., Sché., Dej., Curt.—Pallene Meg.—Rhyn-

chenus Fab., Gyll.—Curculio Linn., Marsh.

Antenne inserted beyond the middle of the rostrum (7), long,
slender, geniculated and 12-jointed, basal joint equal in length
to the remainder, clavate, the following pubescent, 2nd elongate-
clavate, 3rd short obovate, a little longer than the 5 following
which are nearly globose and gradually increasing in diameter,
the remainder forming an ovate-conic club, the apical joint being
the smallest (6).

Mandibles bidentate, the lower tooth large and curved (2).
Mazville furnished with an internal ovate lobe, ciliated with short
curved spines. Palpi short and triarticulate, two basal joints
somewhat cup-shaped, 3rd slender and oblong (3).

Mentum linear. Lip semiorbicular, the anterior margin bisi-
nuated. Palpi short and triarticulate, 2 basal joints cup-shaped,
3rd subovate (4).

Head rather small. Eyes small, globose and prominent, placed close to
the base of the Rostrum which is longer than the thorax, slender
and a little curved (7, upper side of head and rostrum). ‘Thorax
subconic, suddenly narrowed before. Scutellum distinct, suborbicular
and a little conver. Elytra ample, elongate-ovate, twice as broad as
the thorax, very conver behind. Wings ample. Legs rather long
and slender, anterior a little the longest and approximating. Thighs
incrassated but narrowed at the base, with a strong trigonate tooth
beneath near the apex, largest in the anterior. Tibi a little curved,
acuminated at the internal angle of the apex, and slightly dilated and
conver on the inside a little below the middle in the anterior pair.
Tarsi 4-jointed, 2 basal joints subtrigonate, 3rd forming two elon-
gated lobes, 4th clavate. Claws simple (5, a fore leg).

Pomorum Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 356, 10.

Piceous, punctured and clothed with depressed ochreous and
ferruginous hairs; antenne ferruginous, excepting the base and
club; anterior edge of thorax of same colour, with a pale line
of hair down the middle; scutellum white: elytra with punc-
tured striz, indistinctly tessellated with hairs, having a pale U-
shaped mark beyond the middle, with a row of white dots on
the margin, bounded on both sides by a piceous bar, the upper
one oblique, the hinder one more transverse, apex bright ferru-
ginous. Legs ferruginous, excepting the middle of the thighs ;
tarsi dusky as well as the base of the tibie.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

x)

Many of the species of this genus live in their larva state upon
the flower-buds of fruit-trees, in many instances committing
such extensive ravages amongst the apple and pear blossoms
as to destroy the crop.

The following species have been detected in this country,
and the three first are distinguished from the remainder by
the thighs being less distinctly toothed.

2. A. clavatus Mars. 285. 140.

3. Rubi Herd. v. 6. tab. 71. f. 8.—melanopterus Mars. 289. 151.
Found in Norfolk, inhabiting the Raspberry and Dewberry.
4. ater Mars. 285. 141.
Found on Sallows in Norfolk, and probably near Swansea,
amongst herbage.
5. obscurus Wilk.
June, near London and Bristol, I believe also in Norfolk.

6. Druparum Linn.—-Herb. v. 6. tab. 70. f. 9.
Inhabits the Bird Cherry, and is found near London, and in
Somersetshire.

7. Pedicularius Lznn.—-avarus Fab.?2—Druparum Herd. var.
pl. 70. f. 10.
A common species among grass in woods, in Norfolk I have
found it on the Crab-tree when in flower.

8. fasciatus Mars. 286.144. is probably a variety of the fol-
lowing.

June, hedges, Norfolk. ‘On hedge roses, and particularly

on the flowers of Rosa spinosissima, on Sketty burrows, not

uncommon, and I have observed it on the flowers, but not on
the leaves of Crategus Oxyacantha.” L. W. Dillwyn, Esq.,
Penllergare.

9. Ulmi DeG. v. 5. pl. 6. f. 26—30.—Pomorum var. Herb.

I have met with it in Suffolk, the end of June. It inhabits
the Elm, in the buds of which tree the larvze live, and may be
found the end of May.

10. Pomorum Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 562.

The larvze were found the 8th of May in Pear and Apple
blossoms, eating out the whole inside, and leaving only the
petals and calyx: they were observed to be in pupz on the
21st, and on the 25th they hatched. ‘The beetle hibernates
under the bark of Apple-trees.

11. incurvus Panz. 36. 17.—fasciatus Don. 12. pl. 414. fi 3.

Inhabits the Bird Cherry (Prunus Padus), and has been
found near Bristol in June.

The plant is Viscum album mas (White Misseltoe).

2 Ee

her ah Oeeark hen,
ab n't

634.
ERIRHINUS ATHIOPS.

OrpveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidee. Erirhinides Schd.
Type of the Genus, Curculio acridulus Linn.

Erxiruinus Sché.—Dej., Curt.—Notaris Germ., Curt.—Rhynchzenus
Fab., Gyll.—Curculio Linn.

Antenne inserted considerably beyond the middle of the ros-
trum, long, slender, geniculated and 12-jointed, basal joint very
long and clavate, 2nd and 3rd elongated, the former rather the
longer, 4th and 5th small obovate, 3 !following globose, the
8th being a little the largest and slightly depressed, the re-
mainder forming a stout ovate-conic club (6).
Mandibles oblong, bisinuated externally, with 2 short stout
teeth at the apex (2).
Mazille terminated by a long lanceolated lobe, extending be-
yond the palpi, densely pubescent, with a small one at the
middle of the inside. Palpi short, stout, alittle attenuated, triar-
ticulate, basal joint transverse, 2nd more quadrate, 3rd ovate (3).
Mentum a little narrowed at the base, emarginate before, the
angles rounded. Jip minute, rounded and hairy. Palpi a
little elongated, slender, naked and formed of 3 small short
joints nearly of equal length, 3rd the slenderest and oval (4).
Head globose (7): rostrum as long as the head and thorax, curved,
cylindrical, slightly dilated at the apex: eyes oval. Thorax cy-
lindric, suborbicular, a little narrowed before, the anterior margin
and base truncated : scutel small and subtrigonate. Elytra elongate-
ovate, attenuated at the apex : wings ample. Legs rather stout but
moderate, of equal length: thighs not toothed, incrassated at the
middle: tibize a little undulating internally, dilated at the apez,
with a minute tooth at the inner angle: tarsi very pilose beneath,
4-jointed, 1st and 2nd joints obtrigonate, 3rd cordate or bilobed,
4th long and clavate: claws short and pointed (5, a fore-leq).

fEtators Fab.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 359.
In the Cabinets of Mr. Wright and the Author.

Germar’s two genera Notaris and Dorytomus are incorpo-
rated by Schonherr with his genus Erirhinus. J shall in part
adopt his views, but the typical species of Dorytomz differ so
materially in their contour and in the great length of the an-
terior legs, especially in the males, that I shall still keep them
separate. . The following are British species.
Gen. 358. Ertrutnus: with all the tibiae curved.
1. Festucee Herb.—Caricis Thunb.
Oblong, fuscous, densely clothed with cinereous scales, ros-
trum and legs reddish-ferruginous: 31 lines long.
Gyllenhal says it inhabits the flowers of Carex acuta and
other aquatic plants in rivers and lakes.

Y

UJ

2. Nereis Payk.—inquisitor Herb.—Typhee Ahr. 4. 69. -
Elongate-linear, fuscous, obscure-ferruginous above, densely
clothed with cinereous scales, rostrum and legs rufo-ferru-
ginous: elytra piceous before: 2} lines.

May, in a pond at Southgate; June, upon aquatic plants,

Norfolk, Oxford, and Swansea.

3. Arundineti Kzrby.

Elongate-linear, piceous, obscure-ferruginous above, densely

clothed with cinereous scales, rostrum and legs reddish-

black: elytra mottled with cinereous scales: 14 line.

Probably only a small variety of Nereis: found in damp
hedges in Suffolk and Cambridgeshire in June.

Gen. 359. Noraris: with the anterior tibize only curved —

at the apex.

4, /Kithiops Fab.—badensis Linn. ?—holomelanus Herb. var.
Very smooth shining black, head thickly punctured; ros-
trum with a few long irregular furrows formed by coarse

punctures: thorax strongly punctured, with a free space
down the centre: elytra very delicately punctured, with 8 or

9 deeply punctured strize on each: legs and antenne bright

castaneous, 3 basal joints of tarsi and apex of antenne

fuscous.

For specimens of this rare insect I am indebted to G, A,
Wright, Esq., who took them, I believe, in Yorkshire.

5. acridulus Linn., Panz. 42, 10.—punctum Fab.—resinosus —

and rigidus Mars. .
Dull black, thickly punctured; thorax with large strong

punctures, a smooth elevated line down the middle, and —

an ochreous dot on each side; elytra with punctured strie,

mottled with greyish hairs and a whitish dot on each be- |

yond the middle: antennz ferruginous, club fuscous; legs

more or less inclined to castaneous: 23 lines.

Very common all the year on aquatic cruciferous plants at
the sides of ditches and in marshes, Norfolk, Battersea, &c.

6. bimaculatus Fab.

Piceous, head punctured, thorax coarsely punctured, ci-
nerous with hairs, 2 ochreous lines down each side; elytra —
mottled with’cinereous hairs, granulated, with shallow striae —

and a whitish dot on each beyond the middle: antennee and

lees more or less castaneous.
Rare, on aquatic plants, Cumberland, Bristol, Norfolk,

Wimbledon Common, and on the borders of Crwmlyn Bog, —
near Swansea, upon nettles and on the barren sand-hills; |

Mr. Dillwyn and Mr. Jeffreys.

For specimens of Listera cordata, Least Twayblade, I am
indebted to J, Walton, Esq., who gathered them near Har-

rowgate. i?

V6

Sag 925

116.
HYPERA FASCICULOSA.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidee Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus Curculio punctatus Fab.

Hypera Germ. Rhynchenus Gydl. Curculio Linn., Fab., Lat., Marsh.,
Herbst.
Antenne inserted on each side the rostrum, beyond the middle,
geniculated, longer than the rostrum, pilose, 12-jointed, Ist
joint long clavate, 2nd and 3rd short clavate, 3 following globose,
7th and 8th transverse, the remainder forming a conical pubes-
cent club (6).
Labrum none.
Mandibles irregular in form, with an obscure tooth near the apex
and a notch near the base, furnished with only one bristle on the
external edge (2).
Maxille ciliated on the internal edge with hair and curved spines.
Palpi not longer than the maxille 3-jointed, Ist and 2nd joints
robust quadrate, 3rd short conic (3).
Mentum obtrigonate, angles rounded, along bristle on each side.
Palpi longer than the mentum, robust, Ist joint subquadrate,
with a long bristle on the outside, 2nd subovate, 3rd slender
subovate (4).

Head globose produced into a robust rostrum, slightly curved, somewhat
wedge-shaped (7*). Eyes lateral placed at the base of the rostrum
(7). Thorax suborbicular, truncated before. Coleoptra large, con-
vex, twice as broad as the thorax, somewhat conical. Wings 2. Scu-
tellum minute. Thighs sub-clavate, notched beneath near the apex.
Tibie cylindric truncated, anterior curved, 'Tarsi4-jointed, 3rd joint
bilobed, 4th the longest (5, a fore leg).

Fascicutosa Gyll, Ins. Suec. 3.107.37.—fasciculatus Herbst. —Dauci
Oliv. ?
Minutely punctured, covered with scales. Antenne ferruginous,
fuscous at the apex. Head brown ; upper surface of rostrum,
beneath the eyes (which are black) and a line on the crown of
the head pale yellowish. Thorax brown, variegated, a line down
the centre, one on each side and a spot on each side pale ochre.
Scutellum whitish. Elytra obscurely punctured in striz, brown
mottled. Sutureochraceous spotted alternately on each side with
black; a large semicircular spot on each side (margined with
dark brown), a line near the margin and smaller spots near the
apex pale ochre. Legs reddish brown, variegated with hoary pu-
bescence.
Obs. There are strong varieties of this species, some inclining more
to black with the spots and markings white instead of ochraceous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue genus Hypera contains the following British insects,
many of which are exceedingly common.
1. H. punctata Fad.

2. fasciculosa Gy.
3. picipes Marsh.
4. fusco-cinerea Marsh.
5. Arundinis Fab., Panz. 19. 11.—Sii Leach MSS.
G: Polygoni Fad.
7. Arator Linn. Polygoni Panz. 19. 10.
8. palustris Leach.
9. Pollux Fab.
10. sublineata Kirby.
‘ 11. Miles Payk.
Wes murina Fab.
13. —_postica Gy.
14. Plantaginis Fab.
ioe Viciee Gy.
16. —_-variabilis Gyl.
17. Trifolii Gyl. biteeniatus Don. 15. 524?
18. Rumicis Linn. Acetosee Panz. 42. 9.
19. nigrirostris Fab., Panz. 36. 14.

20. straminea Marsh.
21. — villosula.

The larvee of those species whose economy is known, feed
upon plants ; and many of my readers no doubt have observed
upon plants growing near the water’s edge, small coarse oval
cocoons, like gauze, formed of loose threads which will allow
us frequently to see a beetle inside, that generally is the Cur-
culio Rumicis Linn. During last July I found several of these
cocoons on the underside of the leaves of the plant figured, in
a cornfield at the base of Ben Lawers, which shortly hatched
and produced specimens of Curculio Arator Linn.

The handsome species selected for the plate has been taken
in Norfolk, but is by no means common. In May and June
the individuals of this genus may be found in sandy places, gra-
vel pits, and upon white walls and substances heated by the
sun, as well as upon various plants.

Galeopsis versicolor (Large-flowered Hemp-nettle), above
alluded to, accompanies the insect.

Ogu

026

15-18 38

690.
OTIORHYNCHUS MAURUS.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam.Curculionidae—Otiorhynchides, Sché.
Type of the Genus, Curculio tenebricosus Herd.

OriorsyncuusGerm., Sché., Curt.—Brachyrhinus Lat.—Pachygaster
Dej.—Curculio Linn., Fab., Gyll.
Antenne inserted in small cavities on each side of the apex of
the rostrum, longer than the head and thorax, often slender,
geniculated, 12-jointed, basal joint as long as the head, clavate,
the remainder pubescent, 2nd long, 3rd longer anda little slen-
derer, 5 following obovate, the remainder forming an elongate-
ovate club, of which the basal joint is the longest (6).
Mandibles large, concavo-convex, subtrigonate-ovate, outer mar-
gin sinuated (2).
Mazille terminating in an ovate lobe armed with strong linear
spines, beneath which is a long bunch of conniving bristles :
outside produced into a horny lobe. Palpi comparatively long,
triarticulate, basal joint a little the largest, ovate-truncate, 2nd
oblong, 3rd the smallest, elongate-ovate (3).
Mentum rather large and obovate, producing 4 large bristles be-
fore. Palpi very short and stout, scarcely projecting beyond
the mentum, biarticulate, basal joint transverse, bristly, 2nd
semiorbicular (4).

Rostrum short and very stout, porrected, dilated at the apex, with a
short and broad groove on each side to receive the antenne (7 upper
side, * the profile): head broadest at the base, semiovate: eyes rather
small, remote, orbicular, slightly convex, not touching the Thorax,
which is as long as the head and rostrum, and nearly twice as broad
in the middle, convex, orbicular or ovate, the anterior and basal mar-
gins truncated: scutel minute. Elytra connate, thrice as long as the
thorax and twice as broad, convex and ovate, the apex sometimes co-
nical. Wings none. Legs nearly equal: thighs clavate, simple or
dentated: tibize flecuose, the apex pectinated, dilated and trigonate,
except in the anterior, in which they are merely produced internally ;
a series of short spines on the inside : tarsi 4-jointed, very pilose be-
neath, basal joint the longest, 2nd short, both obtrigonate, 3rd bi-
lobed, 4th slender and clavate: claws rather small curved and acute

(5, a fore leg).

Mavrus Gyll.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 372. 16.
Shining black or piceous, with short scattered whitish depressed
bristles; head and rostrum rugose, the centre concave, with a
ridge down the middle: thorax coarsely but regularly granu-
lated; elytra slightly wrinkled and punctured, with catenulated
strie, and numerous small faint patches formed of yellowish
pubescence: antenne and legs more or less castaneous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Or all the beetles that are injurious to the gardener, none per-
haps are more destructive than some of the Otiorhynchi, and
amongst them O. picipes is eminently so: the mischief is done

“er,

by this species during the night, when they come out to feed,
and in the day they secrete themselves in chinks in the walls,
under stones, bricks, clods of earth, &c. They are particularly
injurious to wall fruit, and also to vines in hot-houses; but
it is O. sulcatus, Mr. ¥’. Walker informs me, which injures the
vines in Lancashire, by eating the bark, and the larvee feed
upon the roots.

Dr. Lindley, I think, recommended some years since that
the boughs of infected trees should be brushed or shaken over
sieves in the night, and that the beetles thus collected might
be immediately killed in hot water, and, if I mistake not, large

quantities have been thus obtained in nursery grounds in Nor-
folk.

O. tenebricosus is another destructive species, as will be seen —
by the following extract from a note addressed to Mr, Dale

by the Rev. J. M. Colson, rector of Puddle Hinton: “I have

sent you a few specimens,” he says, ‘of a beetle hitherto un-

known to any of my neighbours, that has appeared this sum- —

mer in myriads in the gardens of Lord Eldon at Encombe,
destroying the roots of every vegetable and smaller plant, such

as strawberries, raspberries, gooseberries and currants.” I —

presume it was the larvee that did the mischief, which afterwards
produced the beetles.

I well remember finding some grubs in a strawberry bed a —
few years since which cut through the runners, but at that |

time I suspected they were dipterous, and now have no means
of ascertaining if they belonged to the Otiorhynchi. I have
little doubt that it is the larva of O. picipes also, which kills
the auriculas and polyanthuses, Dr. Maclean informs me, in
his garden at Colchester, which they effect by eating through
the roots close to the leaves.

Fortunately the Otiorhynchi are destroyed by the Cercerides
(fol. 269.), and thus Nature has put a check upon them. In
the month of August last, when I was at Boulogne, Mr. Clif
ton showed me innumerable holes in the gravel walks of his
garden formed by Cerceris leta? and at that time a consider-
able number of females were entering them: on digging up
one of the nests we found five or six specimens of O. scabrosus
at the depth of nearly a foot, which had been buried by the
Cerceris as food for its larvae, and nothing but the shells were
left. Mr. W. Clifton informed me that he had observed
large specimens of the Cerceris at an earlier period, burying
a larger species of Curculio. Mr. Dale has also detected them
carrying O. sulcatus alive between their legs.

There are nineteen species of Otiorhynchi recorded in the
Guide, and the one figured I found under stones on moun-
tains, I believe, in the vicinity of Ambleside as well as in Scot-
land, in June and July.

The Plant is Fragaria vesca, Wood Strawberry.

, er eit A
| read gai

278

ib: by S: Curtiatendan Oct: ITEM

6- /38297
278.

POLYDRUSUS SPECIOSUS.

Orver Coledptera. Fam. Curculionide ZLat., Leach.
Type of the Genus, Curculio cervinus Linn.

Potyprusus Germ., De., Ste.—Polydrosus & Phyllerastes Sché.—
Phyllobius Sché. —Brachyrhinus Lat.—Curculio Linn., Fab.,
DeG., Mar., Don.

Antenne inserted on the sides of the rostrum near to the apex,
as long or longer than the head and thorax, geniculated, slender
and pubescent ; 12-jointed, basal joint long and clavate, 2nd ra-
ther shorter than the 3rd which is longer than any of the follow-
ing, all of them being sub-obconic, 9th and remainder forming
a fusiform club, the 10th joint being the broadest, the apical
joint minute (6).

Labrum none.

Mandibles subquadrate convex and rounded externally, produ-
cing 2 or 3 bristles, concave on the inside (2).

Mazille short, terminated by a rounded lobe ciliated with strong
bristles, and 2 teeth at the base, beneath which are a few long
hairs. Palpi longer than the maxille, triarticulate, basal joint
the longest, 2nd subquadrate, 3rd a little slenderer, attenuated
and truncated (3).

Mentum obovate, smooth. Palpi short, triarticulate, basal joint
most robust, quadrate, 2nd small quadrate, 3rd slender, oval (4).
Labium none.

Head exserted, subcylindric, the Rostrum short narrowed and nutant,
with a groove on each side meeting beneath (7*). Clypeus deeply
emarginate and ciliated (7). Eyes lateral, suborbicular, not very pro-
minent. Thorax cylindric broader than the head but narrowed ante-
riorly, short and truncated. Scutellum minute, subovate. Elytra twice

' as broad as the thorax subovate, the shoulders obtuse, the apex slightly
acuminated. Wings ample. Legs rather slender. Thighs incras-
sated, sometimes toothed. Tibi somewhat compressed and dilated at
the apex. Tarsi not so long as the tibia, spongy beneath, and pilose ;
4-jointed, basal joint as long as the terminal one, 2nd rather shorter,
3rd perfectly bilobed, 4th clavate. Claws small and bent (5).

Speciosus Rudd MSS.—Steph.
Male much narrower than the female, black, shagreened with
bright green scales tinged with yellow. Eyes black, with a small
cleft between them. Elytra boat-shaped, with 10 strong and
punctured channels on each. Antenne slender, testaceous, the
club black. Feet deep ochreous, the thighs and base of the
tibiz partially clothed with aureous green scales.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Rudd and the Author.

Tue laborious investigations of Shonherr are of the first im-
portance in studying the Curculionidz; but as his distinctive

characters frequently appear to me to be too slight, I shall
feel justified in not adopting all his genera. Polydrusus and
Phyllobius are principally distinguished by the grooves to
receive the antennz, which in one are united beneath; yet
there are no less than twenty-seven genera besides subgenera —
that intervene. ,

The following arrangement of our British species is taken
from the Systematic Catalogue; but the synonyms, with two
or three exceptions, are copied from Gyllenhal.

PoLypRusus.
1. amaurus Marsh.
2. confluens Kirby. .
3. marginatus S¢e.—On the 6th of May, 1821, I found this
insect in profusion on the Juniper, in Birch-wood.
4, pulchellus Ste.
5. cervinus Linn.—Iris Fab.—messor Herb.—griseo-eeneus
* DeG.—maculosus Herb. var.—On nettles, in June.
6. melanotus Kirby.
7. sericeus Gyl.—squamosus Germ.— splendidus Herb.—
May and June, hedges. |
8. micans Fab.—Pyri Linn. Faun. Suec.—Don. 4. pl. 121.
Jato os
9. flavipes DeG. Mar.—sericeus Herb.—On Betula alba.
10. speciosus Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 278.
11. undatus Fab. Oliv. n. 83. pl. 35. f: 553. tereticollis DeG.
—albo-fasciatus Herb.—seleneus Marsh.
12. fulvicornis Fab. Gyl.—ruficornis Bonsd.
13. oblongus Linn.—Panz. 19. f. 15.—floricola Herb.—rufes-
cens Mar.—May and July, black-thorns in hedges.

PHYLLOBIUS.

14, Pyri Linn. Syst. Nat.—Sam. pl. 2. f- 19.—Panz. 107. fi 4.
zeruginosus Bonsd.—June, hazel-bushes, Norfolk.

15. ceesius Marsh.

16. Alneti Fab.—cnides Mar.—May and June, nettles.

17. maculicornis Germ. Gyl.

18. argentatus Linn.—Don. 3. pl. 107.—Urticee DeG.—May
to August, oaks and hazel.

19. Mali Fab.—Padi Bonsd. var.—fulvipes Fab. var.—Nettles,
May to August. .

20. Pomone Oliv. 5. n. 83. pl. 35. f. 548.

21. uniformis Mar.—End of May, hazels, Norfolk.

22. albidus Ste.—canescens Leach.

23. parvulus Fab. Gyl.—fulvipes Payk.—argentatus Bonsd. var.

24. minutus Sfe. ‘

25. viridicollis Fab.— Pz. 19. 18.—On Artemisia campestris.

The beautiful species figured, was discovered by the Rev.
G. T. Rudd, in a wood near Kimpton, Hants, in June, and he
has politely presented me with specimens. The plant Conval-

laria multiflora (Common Solomon’s Seal), is from the same
locality.

=S SS SS aS ees “sik iF pone a eae

‘s

542.
LIXUS ANGUSTATUS.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidae.—Erirhinides, Schon.

Type of the Genus, Curculio angustatus Fab.

Lrxvus Fab., Schin., Curt.—Phoxus Billb.—Curculio Linn., Marsh.
Antenne rather short, inserted on the side of the rostrum, con-
siderably beyond the middle, geniculated, clavate, 12-jointed,
basal joint very long and clavate, 2nd and 3rd somewhat obovate-
elongate, 4 following cup-shaped, the remainder forming a pu-
bescent fusiform club of 5 joints (6).

Labrum? oblong, membranous, somewhat quadridentate at the

apex, which is pubescent and ciliated (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate or quadrate, with 2 obtuse teeth on the

inside (2).

Mazville formed of a large rounded corneous lobe, with a few

blunt tubercles on the margin. Palpi very short and stout, tri-

articulate, basal joint very broad and short, 2nd somewhat cup-

shaped, 3rd subovate with a gland at the apex (3).

Mentum oblong, a little dilated at the base and apex, the latter

bilobed. Labium corneous, subquadrate, rounded at the base.

Palpi short stout and triarticulate, basal joint the largest, pro-

ducing 8 strong bristles outside, 3rd joint minute subovate (4).

Rostrum nearly as long as the thorax, stout, subcylindric, a little curved,

smooth, thickened at the apex, with an oblique groove on each side to
receive the antenne. Head small and short, but not immersed to
the eyes which are small, lateral and ovate, but not prominent (7).
Thorax cylindric-conic, truncated before, bisinuated at the base:
scutellum very minute. Elytra cylindric-linear, 3 or 4 times as long
as the thorax and but little broader, sometimes atienuated and acu-
minated at the apex. Wings ample. Legs, anterior approximating
at the base: thighs rather long and capitate, anterior sometimes with
a tooth beneath: tibize very short and stout, with a curved claw in-
side at the apex, strongest in the anterior pair: tarsi as long as the
tibie, spongy beneath, 4-jointed, basal joint attenuated at the base,
longer than the 2nd which is turbinate, 3rd cordate and bilobed, 4th
slender clavate: claws curved, acute (5, a fore leg).

Obs. The trophi are taken from L. Bambalio? Germar, and I ought

to observe that I obtained a very imperfect view I fear of the
labial palpi.

Aneustatus Fab.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 380. n. 4.

Black, clothed with minute yellowish hairs; rostrum stout,
head thickly punctured, with a channel between the antenne,
which are castaneous at the base, with a small fovea between the
eyes: thorax rugose and uneven, the sides yellow with pubes-
cence: elytra much broader than the thorax and three times as
long, somewhat ochreous and spotted with pubescence, wrinkled
transversely, with 10 lines of oval punctures on each meeting
at the apex, which is rounded, the interstices minutely punc-
tured; legs clothed with hoary or yellowish pubescence.

In the Cabinets of the British Museum, Mr. Pickering, &c.

Tue elongated narrow and cylindric form of these insects di-
stinguishes them from all the neighbouring genera. ‘The fol-
lowing are the species recorded as British. |
A. Elytra acuminated at the apex, sometimes gaping.
3. productus Mars. MSS.—paraplectica Panz. 6. 15?—tur- —
batus Gy/ll. ? o.
Length 6} to 83 lines. Subfusiform, thickly covered with —
minute punctures and yellowish hairs ; antennze castaneous, the
club black, 2nd joint stouter and shorter than the 3rd; aslight
ridge down the rostrum with a puncture between the eyes;
thorax with large scattered punctures and two yellowish stripes
extending down the head and rostrum; elytra terminated by
two stout straight acute spines, each having ten deeply punc-
tured lines united in pairs at both extremities, the external
margin yellow with pubescence. ¥

I met with specimens the 18th July upon the Phellandrium
at Whittlesea Mere. Mr. Scales took it in August in ditches
on the marshes at Halvergate in Norfolk, and it occurred in
abundance a few years since in a marsh near Fulham. %
2. paraplecticus Linn.—Don.10. 348. 2.—Phellandrii, De Geer, -

‘* Fuscous-cinereous, pubescent, powdered greenish, elytra
mucronated and gaping at the apex, antennz ferruginous, club”
fuscous.” Gyll., who adds,—the apical spines are curved and _
acute.—This species is found on the Phellandrium aquaticum in
July. Linneeus says, “ the larva lives in the stalk and is often”
sticking to it under water. It is supposed to cause the Para-
plegia in Horses.” It has been found in the Isle of Ely, and
in a marsh near Carlisle. ig

B. Elytra unarmed or rounded at the apex. |
1. Ascanii Linn. ?—Panz. 42. 13.

Length 53 lines. Slender, cylindric, clothed with very fine
hoary pubescence, forming a yellowish margin to the sides of —
the thorax and elytra; head and thorax thickly punctured,
with a deep fovea between the eyes: elytra obscurely spotted
with grey hairs, having ten punctured striae on each. ;

Mr. Sparshall is said to have a specimen: the foreign ones —
that I possess have not acuminated elytra, in which respect —
they agree with the Linnean description. 9
4, angustatus Fab.— Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 542.—lateralis Step.var.? —

This insect is often covered with the pollen of flowers, giving -
it a yellow or orange colour, especially on the sides. ah

It was first met with on aquatic plants near Shoreham, also —
at Hickstead, Sussex, in July, and at Sydenham by Mr. In- Ae
gall. ‘The specimen figured and two others were taken by —
Chas. Pickering, Esq., the middle of last September, near the
Lover’s Seat, Hastings: they were swept off grass. I sawa,
very fine specimen on the leaf of a broad-bean near Blaye in ©
the South of France the 9th of June.

Sisymbrium Sophia (Flix-weed) is represented in the Plate.

ra
5
f

is |

yt i
“

272

(by I Curbs Wary 14828

212.
MAGDALIS CARBONARIUS.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidse Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus Curculio Cerasi Linn,

Maepauis Germ., Gyll.—Thamnophilus Schén.—Rhinodes Dej.—
Rhina Oliv., Meg—Rhynchenus Fab., Gyll—Curculio Linn.,
Marsh.

Antenne inserted on each side the rostrum, nearer the apex in
the male (6) than female (6a), slightly geniculated, 11 -jointed,
basal joint very long reaching to the eyes when at rest, 7 follow-
ing short, becoming larger and more globose towards the extre-
mity, the remainder forming an ovate conic pubescent club
(figs. 6, and 6a).

Labrum none.

Mandibles rhomboidal, notched on the external side, producing
3 teeth at the extremity, the apical one being the smallest, the
others broad (2).

Mazille short, forming internally a long membranous pubescent
and ciliated lobe. Palpishort rather robust, triarticulate, Ist and
2d joints transverse, 3d oval (3).

Mentum suborbicular. Palpi as long as the mentum, triarticulate,
2 first joints transverse, 3d minute ovate (4).

Head rather broad at the base, the rostrum cylindric, arcuated shorter
and broader in the males (7) than in the females (8). Eyes approzi-
mating especially in the females. Thorax subquadrate. Scutellum
distinct. KElytra elongated, subcylindric, convex, much broader than
the thorax, Wings ample. Thighs frequently spined or tubercled.
Tibi producing a strong claw at the apex. ‘Tarsi 4-jointed, basal
joint rather the longest, 3d bilobed, 4th slender. Claws short robust
(5, a fore leg). .

Obs. the Trophi are figured from M. aterrimus Fab., the other part
are from M. carbonarius.

Carponarius Linn. Faun. Suec. n. 614.

Black, antenne pubescent and somewhat fuscous towards the
apex: more robust in the male than female. Head and rostrum
smooth and minutely punctured, the latter as long as the head
and thorax in the female. Thorax depressed, ovate-truncate
granulated, with a shining line down the centre, posterior angles
acuminated, the sides produced anteriorly and crenated. Elytra
shining, minutely wrinkled, with very deep crenated strie. Thighs
dentated beneath (7, head of the male ; 8, of the female).

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue few species contained in this genus have been described
under various names so frequently transposed, that their syno-
nyms have been very much confused; and as even Gyllenhal
has changed his opinion since the publication of his 3d vol.,

in consequence of the observations of Germar and Schonherr,

it may be as well to give as complete a table as we can of the 4

species that inhabit Britain, especially as we do not entirely ,|

coincide in the opinion of Germar. —__

1. M. Cerasi Linn., Gyll., Germ., Schin. —carbonarius Panz.
42, 18.—Armeniace Fab.

Found in June upon the leaves of Prunus Padus and Cera-
sus, as well as the Pear, eating the epidermis and marking —
the leaves with spots.

2. M. Carbonarius Linn.—Gyll. 3, 185, 101. fem. ~ Oo :
v. 5. pl. 34. f. 518.—aterrimus Herbst. male.—atra-
mentarius Marsh. male. Germ., Schin.—atratus Gy/ll.
3. 187. 102. male.

June: on Plum, Birch, and Nut trees. Of this insect, which
is by no means common, I took a pair upon a Hazel-tree near
Ambleside the 19th of last June; and there is no doubt but the
C. atratus of Gyllenhal is the male of his C. Carbonarius,
which does not appear to be different from the C. Carbonarius
of Linnzeus: the insect figured is a female.

3. M. Stygius Marsh., Gyll., Schién.—Cerasi Oliv. 5. tab. 22.

J: 309.— Herbst. Clairv. ?—aterrimus? Fab.

June: Cherry and Sloe trees in hedges. The Marshamian
name has been retained, since it is doubtful whether it be the
C. aterrimus of Fabricius; for it certainly is not the C. aterri-
mus of Linneeus to which he refers.

4. M. Pruni Linn., Fab., Gyll., Oliv., Marsh., Germ., Schin.—
erythroceros Herbst.—incognitus Herbst.—ruficor-
nis Schr.

The larva of this species is said to be gelatinous a lima-
ciform (viz. like a Slug), and is found as well as the Beetle
upon the leaves of Prunus Padus and Cerasus, the latter of
which species, the Cherry-tree, accompanies the insect.

2If

(SAUL byh Gurls Londen Wary 1I28

APION DIFFORMIS.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionidee Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus Curculio frumentarius Linn.

Arion Herbst., Lat., Kirby., Germ., Gyll—Rhinomacer Geoff., Clairv.
—Attelabus Fab., Oliv—Curculio Linn., Fab., Marsh.
Antenne inserted beneath the nasus and before the eyes, not
geniculated, and rather long, 11-jointed, the basal joint being
the longest, the remainder varying in length, the 2 or 3 last
forming a club more or less fusiform.
Labrum none.
Mandibles horny, convex, bent, tridendate, the centre tooth form-
ing the apex, a small one arising on the outer and a very strong
one on the inner side (2).
Mazille broad compressed, forming a large membranous pubes-
cent and ciliated lobe on the internal side. Palpi very short,
inserted on the external shoulder, 3-jointed, 1st and 2nd joints
quadrate, Srd scarcely visible (3).
Mentum obovate-quadrate, horny, producing a bristle on each
side. Palpi extremely minute and indistinct, apparently 3-jointed.
Lip incurved, membranous, pubescent (4).

Head elongated into a rostrum (8). Kyes not very prominent nor
touching the Thorax which is usually broader than the base of the
head. Scutellum very minute, triangular. Elytra convex-ovate,
often twice as broad as the thorax (10). Legs long. Thighs robust,
subclavate. 'Tibie long not spined. ‘Tarsi 4-jointed, basal and_ter-
minal joints the longest, Srd bilobed. Claws distinct (5).

Dirrormis Germ. Mag.3. 46. 2.

Shining, blackish green. Rostrum long, the antenne inserted
beyond the middle, fulvous, the base and apex black, 2nd joint
very minute, 3rd transverse compressed cup-shaped, 4th robust
scutiform compressed ; 4 following of nearly equal length, the
5th and 6th being much more robust than the 7th and 8th, the
remainder forming a club, the 9th being turbinate and distinctly
articulated, the other 2 being firmly united and conical (6). Head
coarsely punctured between the eyes, the basal collar smooth.
Thorax subquadrate, narrowed anteriorly, coarsely punctured,
with a channel on the back, deepest at the base. Elytra very
convex, narrowed towards the apex, with 6 deep, loosely punc-
tured strie on each. Epigastrium, with a.bifid tooth (11). Legs
fulvous, base and apex of thighs and base of anterior tibie black
with 2 obscure spines at the apex ; 4 posterior tibie (excepting
a space above the middle) and the tarsi black. Anterior tarsi
with the basal joint long and very much produced internally at
the apex which is brown (5): posterior tibie greatly dilated at
their apex as well as the tarsi, especially the basal joint.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Haworth, Mr. Haliday, and the Author,

Tue 9th and 10th vols. of the Linnean Transactions, the 2nd
and 8rd vols. of Germar’s Magazin, and the 3rd and 4th
parts of Gyllenhal, contain valuable information relating to the
genus Apion, which comprises the following British species,
arranged by Germar nearly in the succeeding order.

APION.

I. Rostrum porrected.
A. Rostrum subulated.

2. Legs dark.
a. Body oblong.

1. Pomone #F.—czrulescens K.— | 33. Seniculus ZX. — plebeium Ger.—
glaber Marsh. tenuius? Ger.

2. subulatum Kirby. 34. civicum Ger.

8. Cracce L. K.—ruficorne K. 35. Loti K.

4. Platalea Germ. 36. tenue K.

5. Spencii K. 37. brevirostre X.—humile Ger.—cur-

B. Rostrum cylindric or filiform.
a. Antenne inserted towards the base.

1. Legs dark.

tirostre Ger.

- Minimum Herb.—velox K. supp.
. ebeninum XK.

6. vicinum A.—Loti Gyll.—incrassa- | 40. scutellare K. supp.
tum Ger, 41. Kirbii Germ.
7. pusillum Ger.—atomarium? KA. 42, Meliloti K.
8. pubescens Kirby supp. 43. cyaneum Herb.—violaceum K.
9. confluens Kirby. 44, Hydrolapathi M. K.
10. Hookeri Kirby. 45. marchicum K,
11. levigatum Kirby. 46. Rumicis X. same as last.
12. zneum F'.—chalceus M.—cyaneus | 47. affine X.
Px. 48. virens Herb. K.—zneo-cephalum
13. Curtisii Kirby’s Mss.—aciculare? Gyll.
Ger. 49. Astragali Pk. K.
14, Onopordi Kirby. 50. simile K. supp.
15. Carduorum A.—Sorbi M.—gibbi- | 51. glabratum Ger.
rostre Gyll. 52. vorax K.—villosulus & fuscicor-
16. radiolus K.—oxurum X.—aterri- nis M.
tous I. £. Body subglobose.
2. Legs pale. 53, filirostre K.
17. Malve Fab. K. 54. Pisi F.—striatum M. K.
18, vernale /,—Lythri Pz.—concinnus | 55. immune KX.
M. 56. atratulum Germ.
19. rufirostre F. K—Malvarum &. 57. unicolor K.—/Ethiops Gyll.
20. pallipes K.—geniculatum Ger. 58. Gyllenhalii Z, same as last.

. flavifemoratum A.—Trifolii M—

apricans Herb.

. Antennz inserted at the middle.

1. Legs pale.

. subsuleatum WM. XK.
. Ononis K.
. Ervi X.

Lathyri X. var. of last.

22, Vicie Pk. K.—Trifolii 1.—diffi- | 63. pavidum Germ.

cile H. 64, Spartii X. ;
23. obscurum M, K. 65. foveolatum K.—cyaneum Gy/ll.
24, difforme Ger. Nob. 66. punctifrons ZX.
25. varipes Germ. 67. punctigerum Ger.—punctiger Pk.
26. levicolle K. supp. —sulcifrons K.

. flavipes F. K. Px.
. xstivum Ger.
. assimile A.

. Limonii A
. Sorbi F. Pz.—levigatus Pk.—vi-

ridescens 1.

30. nigritarse K. II. Rostrum nutant.
$l. frumentarium ZL. Pz.-sanguineus | 70. Geniste K.

DeG. Gyll. 71. fuscirostre 7.—melanopum 4X.
$2. hematodes A. 72. Ulicis M. K.

One specimen of the curious insect figured, was taken on
paling near the Croydon road; and another in a furze-bush
on Blackheath, Nov. 10th and 13th, by Mr. A. H. Haliday,
to whom I am indebted for my specimen.

The plant is Brassica campestris (Field Cabbage or Colewort).

ig

Ne

a

0/2

I-18 37
642.
RHYNCHITES SIMILIS.
OrvER Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionide.

Type of the Genus, Curculio Betulze Linn.

Ruyncuites Herb., Gyll., Shin., Curt.—Attelabus Fab. Lisp
lio Linn.
Antenne inserted a little beyond the middle on the sides of the
rostrum, not longer than the head straight and clavate; 11-
jointed, 2 basal joints ovate, stouter than the 3 following which
are elongate-ovate, 6th a little stouter ovate-truncate, 7th cup-
shaped, the remainder forming a long stout subperfoliate velvety
club, Sth joint cup-shaped, smaller than the 9th and 10th which
are more quadrate, 11th large and ovate-conic (6).
Mandibles with a very irregular outline, curved, the apex form-
ing a stout hook, the internal margin deeply concave, the out-
side convex and sinuated (2).
Mazville subquadrate, the inner margin convex and ciliated, ter-
minal lobe subovate and ciliated with long curved hairs, bristly
outside. Palpi stout subconic, triarticulate, basal joint broad
and bowl-shaped, 2nd similar but smaller, 3rd the smallest and
conical (3).
Mentum very large, subquadrate, the sides towards the base an-
gulated, the anterior angles lobed with a cavity to receive the
Palpi, which are short stout and triarticulate, 2 basal joints
bowl-shaped, Ist the largest, 2nd producing a long bristle out-
side, 3rd small ovate (4).

Head ovate, rostrum nearly twice as long or longer, inflected in repose,
stout, slightly curved, dilated at the apex: eyes remote, placed at
the base of the rostrum. Thorax orbicular, broadest at the base
which is slightly produced over the scutel, sometimes with a porrected
spine on each side in the male (T): scutel transverse-ovate. Elytra
broad short ovate, truncated ai the base, shoulders projecting. Wings
very ample. Abdomen not quite concealed by the elytra. Legs
rather stout: thighs moderate simple: tibize slightly thickened at
the apex, not spurred or spined: tarsi spongy beneath, 4-jointed,
basal joint obovate-truncate, 2nd broader hemispherical, 3rd bilobed,
4th clavate: claws strong (5, a fore leg).

Simiuis Curt. Guide, Gen. 385. No. 14.
Bright deep blue, shining, pubescent ; head punctured, sparingly
on the crown, rostrum broad and not longer than the head,
coarsely punctured with 2 or 3 ridges at the base, the apex
cupreous; eyes very prominent; club of antenne black ; thorax
oval, truncated, strongly and rather thickly punctured ; elytra
twice as broad with deeply punctured striz and rows of smaller
points between them; tibiz and tarsi eneous-black the hairs
brownish.
In the Author’s Cabinet.

Tue Rhynchites live upon the leaves of plants, but are never
very injurious in England; in the wine countries however
those beautiful species R. Betule and Bacchus make sad ra-

vages amongst the vines; the former also lives on the Birch, ‘
Alder, and Hazel, and the latter upon the Cherry and Sloe.
These beetles, according to the Baron Walckenzr, cut the
stalks of the leaves, making a cavity to receive their eggs ‘
and the larvee roll up the leaves to live i in, and feed upon the
budding grapes. j

Natural as this genus is, the rostrum varies greatly in length
in many species, and there are differences in the form of og
head on which sections may be founded: the following have
been recorded as natives of Britain, and many of them inhabit
the White-thorn in May and June.

* Head ovate, broad at the base.
1. minutus Herd. 2. eneovirens Mars.—Fragarize Sché.?
3. atrocceruleus Ste. "
4. cupreus Linn.—Panz. 20. 9.—punctatus Herb.

Rare, taken at Darent and Epping, and Mr. Heysham has
found it near Carlisle.

5. cceeruleocephalus Fab.—Panz. 94. 6.

Taken, I believe, by Mr. Griesbach near Windsor.

6. eequatus Linn.— Don. 4. pl. 121. f. 1. 5 2.—Pz. 20. 8.
7. Bacchus Z.—Don. 1. pl. 34. f. 1.

Taken near Birch Wood and at Crayford i in Kent, on hal
Black-thorn, by the late Mr. Pe and at Barham by
Mr. Kirby.

8. Populi Z.— Pz. 20.

June and cea on n Aspen and Poplars, Coomb-wood_
and Norfolk.

9. Betulee L.—Don. 3. pl. 74.—Betuleti #.— Pz. 20. 6.—ni-
tens Mar. var.

>
t
4

10. interpunctatus Wilk. 11. Alliarize Z.—nanus Ps.
12. angustatus Leach. 13. coeruleus DeG.—Alliarieh i
14. confinis Sze. 15. longirostris Ste.

16. rugipennis Sée.
17. pubescens Herb.— Oliv. 5. No. 34. pl. 2. f. 34.
May, Hazel and Oak, Letheringsett, Norfolk.
18. cavifrons Chev.—Scho. Curc. v. 1. p. 226.
** Head obovate: eyes ver y prominent.
19. ophthalmicus Ste.—sericeus Herb, ?

20. similis Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 642. The obovate head, oval
thorax, and copper-coloured apex of the rostrum distin-
guish this species, which looks at first sight like a small

variety of Zt. pubescens.
I have 4 specimens taken by myself, I believe at Coomb-

wood.
21. cylindricus Kirb. 22. levicollisSte. 23. cyaneopennis Ste.

The Plant is Carlina vulgaris, Wild Carline Thistle.

oe

) > ha / 536
710.
ATTELABUS CURCULIONOIDES.

OrveER Coleoptera. Fam. Curculionide.
Type of the Genus, Attelabus curculionoides Linn.

Arretasus Linn., Fab., Lat., Gyll., Schin., Curt.—Curculio DeGeer.
Antenne inserted in cavities on each side of the top of the ros-
trum and near to the eyes (6), longer than the head, capitate,
not geniculated, pilose and 11-jointed, 2 basal joints stout and
ovate, 6 following narrower, subpyriform, 3rd shorter than the
4th; 5th like the 3rd; 6th, 7th and 8th shorter and more glo-
bose, the remainder forming an elliptical club, 9th joint subpy-
riform, 10th shorter, 11th lemon-shaped, the apex being a little
acuminated.

Mandibles short, but visible at the end of the rostrum, concavo-
convex, one bifid at the apex (2), the other with an obscure
tooth on each side of the apex.

Mazille short, with a long internal lobe rounded at the top and
densely margined, with stout obtuse bristles. Palpi short, stout
and attenuated, attached to scapes, triarticulate, lst and 2nd
joints cup-shaped, 3rd the smallest, ovate (3).

Mentum large, concave before. Labium large and suborbicular,
the anterior margin slightly concave with a triangular lobe in
the middle, the sides dilated and rounded. Padlpi short, at-
tached on each side of the lip beyond the middle, biarticulate,
basal joint cup-shaped, 2nd small, ovate, the apex glandular
and producing a seta (4).

Head and rostrum not longer than the thorax, the former oblong, sub-
cylindric, not narrowed at the base (7), the latter deflexed, a little
curved, stout and dilated at the apex: eyes remote from the thoraz,
rather small and globose. ‘Thorax convex, semiovate, truncated be-
Sore, broadest at the base which is convex: scutel rather large, and
elongate-ovate. FElytra broad, short and convex, ovate, truncated at
the base and broader than the thorax, gaping, the apex of each ely-
tron being rounded. Wings very ample. Legs rather long: thighs
very siout, narrowed at the base: tibize slender and compressed, ser-
rated internally, the apex a little dilated, with a double claw inside :
tarsi longish, 4-jointed, spongy beneath, basal joint long, dilated an-
teriorly, 2nd short, elongate obtrigonate, 3rd broad and bilobed, 4th
as long as the st, slender and clavate: claws slender and curved

(5, a fore leg).

CurcutionoipeEs Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 387. 1.—nitens Payk.
Smooth, shining, black ; rather sparingly punctured: head with
3 ridges between the eyes, base of antennz sometimes red :
thorax sanguineous-orange, the anterior and basal margins
blackish, as well as the scutel: elytra sanguineous, with seve-
ral punctured striz on each; the interstices punctured.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tuis handsome beetle lives upon nut-bushes and oaks, on the |
leaves of which it is not uncommonly found, and the coral-red
of the thorax and elytra, which is bright in the living insect,
contrasted with the green leaves, renders it very conspicuous:
that these beetles feed upon the leaves there is little doubt, for
I have frequently found numerous small holes where they |
were standing, and I think I have detected them in the act of |
eating. The tibiz are admirably adapted for clinging to any-
thing, being toothed on the inside, with 2 curved claws at the
apex, and the tarsi are spongy beneath.

The form of this insect is rather peculiar ; it is very short
and convex, and when touched contracts its head and legs,
and bending its head and thorax close, it becomes very glo-
bose and drops from the leaf or plant on which it is standing, |
It is found in May, June, and July at Coomb, Darent, and |
Epping; Mr. Paget takes it, but rarely, in Lound wood near
Yarmouth. I have frequently met with it in Norfolk, some-
times upon the willow, and Mr. Heysham has taken it near
Carlisle.

Donovan, in his British Insects, v. 5, pl. 149, has figured
an insect which he calls Attelabus curculionoides ; but it is evi- |
dently the Apoderus Avellane of Linnzeus ; and he has not only
given a magnified representation of the head, but he expressly
alludes to the slender neck of his insect, which at once distin-
guishes it from A. curculionoides; yet Mr. Stephens has re-
ferred Donovan’s figure to ¢/zs insect in both his works, and I
regret to see that Schoénherr has done the same, as it proves
he has copied Stephens’s error without consulting the work
referred to.

As entomologists have been misled by these references, it
may be as well to observe that Apoderus Avellane has 12-
jointed antenne; the head is obovate, being narrowed behind
and attached by a slender neck ; the tibize have but one claw
at the apex; it is not very glossy; the legs as well as the tho-
rax and elytra are red, with black knees and tarsi.

This insect also feeds on the hazel, and I have several times
found it in company with the Attelabus, but it is a much more
common species.

The Plant is Milium effusum, Soft Millet-grass, communi-
cated by Dr. Bromfield.

754.
BRUCHUS ATER.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Bruchide.

Type of the Genus, Bruchus Pisi Linn.

Brucuus Linn., DeGeer, Schin., Curt.—Mylabris Geof.

Antenne inserted before the eyes on each side of the clypeus,
longer than the thorax, stoutish, sometimes clavate or serrated,
curved, pubescent, not geniculated, 11-jointed, basal joint
stouter than the 2, 3 or 4 following, which are slender and ob-
ovate, the remainder large, often compressed, and turbinate or
ovate-truncate, the 11th ovate or conical (6).

Labrum lunate, the margin convex and ciliated, with a few
bristles above (1).

Mandibles elongate-trigonate, pubescent outside, interior margin
sinuated, with a long membranous margin jagged above (2).
Mazille with rather long and slender lobes, the external one
linear, the internal much more slender and curved at the apex,
both densely hairy on the margins. Palpi much longer, filiform,
with a few short bristles, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd and
3rd longer somewhat pyriform-truncate, former the stoutest,
4th twice as long, fusiform-truncate, with a vesicle at the apex
(3).

Mentum transverse with a short rounded lobe on each side. Lip
oblong a little dilated before, the margin sinuated and pilose.
Palpi much shorter than the maxillary, attached near the middle
of the lip, slightly bristly and triarticulate, basal joint small,
2nd longer pyriform-truncate, 3rd the largest, longest and fusi-
form-truncate (4).

Head deflexed, ovate-trigonate, the apex flattened into a thin broad
short rostrum : neck narrowed : eyes prominent and lunate. ‘Thorax
transverse, narrowed before, the base slightly lobed in the centre :
scutel small and quadrate. Elytra ovate, slightly convex, the apex
rounded, not covering the Pygidium which is almost vertical and
subcordate. Wings ample. Legs, hinder the longest and stoutest
(5+): thighs, hinder frequently incrassated and dentate: tibie
simple, hinder dilated towards the apex, which is armed at the inter-
nal angle with a strong tooth, with several minute ones: tarsi 4-
jointed, basal joint long and curved in the posterior, 2nd short, 3rd
bilobed, 4th rather long and clavate: claws short, hooked at the
base.

Arter Marsh.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 390.
In the Cabinets of Mr. Dale, the Author, &c.

ScHonuERR has very naturally placed the Bruchide at the
commencement of zs family Curculionids, in which tribe it
has been the rule to include them from the.days of Linné; he
has, however, interposed the Anthribide between them and

the Attelabidz, which are undoubtedly Curculionide. It is,
I think, very doubtful whether the Bruchidz and Anthribide
(pl. 723 and 726) ought to be included in that tribe, being
in truth more nearly allied to the Cerambycidee, for they have
a distinct labrum, and palpi totally different to any of the Cur-
culionidee.

The following are British species, arranged under Schon-
herr’s Stirps 2, with the thorax transverse, subtrapeziform,
the anterior angles rounded.

Manipulus 1. Thighs toothed.
t Sides of thorax dentated.

1. Pisi Linn.—Oliv. v. 4. No. 79. tab. 1.f. 6.

This is a most destructive insect in bean and pea-fields:
the larvee live in the seeds until they are full-grown, some-
times destroying more than half the crop: they are most
abundant the end of May in fields in Kent, and are occasion-
ally found as late as August, and I have seen them alive in
beans as early as March: the late Mr. Atkinson found the
beetle on Orobus tuberosus (pl. 172), and in the flowers of the
rhubarb.

2. granarius Linn.—Oliv. 4. 79. t. 1. f- 10.—atomarius Linn.
Abundant on the furze everywhere, as early as February.

3. affinis Step. a var. of granarius with the anterior tarsi black.

+7 Sides of thorax not dentated.
4. Loti Payk. June, on Lotus corniculatus (pl. 259), Hamp-
stead Heath and Somersetshire.
5. Lathyri Kirb. ‘* Found near London and Bristol.”

2. Thighs not toothed.

6. seminarius Linn.—Oliv. 4. 79. t. 2. f. 12. Found at Ep-

ping by Mr. Doubleday, and at Henley in June. .
7. Cisti Fab. Panz. 66.152 June, abundant on the flowers

of Cistus Helianthemum (pl. 279).

8. ater Marsh.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 754.

Slate-black, thickly and minutely punctured, clothed with

minute whitish hairs: elytra more faintly punctured, and

deeply striated, hinder thighs a little incrassated.

This species is distinguished by its thicker and entirely black
antenne, with the three basal joints only small, fig. 6. a. Fig.
c. is the antenna of B. Cisti. I think I have found B. ater
abundant on the broom in Norfolk: July, near Sherburn,
Yorkshire, Rev. A. Matthews: Carisbrook Castle and Hodd-
hill, Mr. Dale.

The Plant is Doronicum Pardalianches, Great Leopard’s
bane, from East Woodhay, communicated by J. E. Winter-
bottom, Esq.

16-)839
723:

PLATY RHINUS LATIROSTRIS.

OrbeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Anthribide.
Type of the Genus, Anthribus latirostris Fab.

Puatyruinus Clair., Sché., Curt.—Anthribus Fab., Gyll.—Macro-
cephalus Oliv.

Antenne inserted in deep cavities under the sides of the rostrum,
a little beyond the middle, not much longer than the head,
capitate, 11-jointed, 1st joint stoutish, oval, the base narrowed
and bent, 2nd joint short ovate-truncate; 3rd and 4th as long
as the lst but more slender, 5th and 6th shorter, 7th and 8th
ovate ; the remainder forming a subcompressed club; 9th joint
oval, 10th orbicular, both concave before ; 11th suborbicular
slightly pointed (6).

Labrum exserted, minute, semiorbicular and ciliated with long
bristles, with a series of long bristles at the base (1).
Mandibles alike, strong and exposed, trigonate, apex acute,
with a smaller blunt tooth below, and a protuberance near to
the base (2).

Mazille short, formed of 2 very long slender lobes, inner one
ciliated with strong bristles, the apex with a curved brush of
hairs, outer one longer and less hairy. /Palpi a little longer,
4-jointed, basal joint short and slender, 2nd and 3rd stout sub-
ovate-truncate, 4th a little longer, elliptic-ovate, the apex com-
pressed (3).

Mentum large, transverse-cordate, the base truncated. Lip
small, forming 2 divaricating lobes, very pilose. Palpi slender,
but not short, triarticulate, basal joint obovate, 2nd shorter,
8rd the longest, sublinear, bristly, especially on the inside,
apex rounded (4).

Head broad, rostrum nearly as broad, short, deflexed, flat and oblong,
the apex subtruncate : eyes nearly basal, remote, small, globose and
prominent. Thorax broad, depressed, oval, truncated before and
behind, the sides produced at the middle into an emarginate lobe :
scutel minute, semiorbicular. LElytra broader than the thoraz,
elliptic, depressed, base truncated, apex rounded. Wings ample.
Pygidium nearly covered. Legs moderate: thighs simple, slender
at the base, the apex contracted: tibiz simply clavate, subcylindric,
apex pectinated, with a short tooth on the inside: tarsi 4-jointed,
basal joint elongate-obovate, 2nd broader, short and furcate, 3rd
small, cordate, bilobed, spongy beneath, immersed in the preceding,
4th slender and clavate, inserted close to the base of the 3rd: claws
short and strong, with a tooth on the inside (5, a fore leg).

Latirostnis Fab.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 393. 3.
In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Tuis family seems to form a transition from the Curculionide
to the Salpingidee, fol. 662; but should these last have to be
removed in consequence of their heteromerous character,
then the Anthribidz will, it is presumed, come in immediate
contact with the Cerambycidz, which they certainly very
much resemble.

The only species of Platyrhinus known to inhabit Europe
is
1. latirostris, Fab.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 723.

Velvety, gray, head and apex of elytra ochreous: antennz
black; thorax variegated with brown, with a large cavity in
the centre, the margins elevated, the edges pale; elytra with |
strongly punctured striae, 2 first abbreviated, the 3d interstice |
from the suture raised, and terminating abruptly before the |
apex, as well as the sutural and the outer alternate inter- |
stices; an irregular reddish brown spot on each shoulder
margined with ochre, connected at the suture by a blackish
band, another very irregular band across the middle, and a
3d beyond it, all edged with ochre and margined with broad
black spots: abdomen beneath silky grayish white: legs black
with white somewhat circular transverse lines; joints of the
tarsi white at the base.

This handsome species probably undergoes its metamor-
phoses in Spheria Fracinea, and is found on the trunks of the
ash, beech, alder and birch. I have occasionally met with it
in Boleti in woods and on trunks of trees in Norfolk in June,
and Mr. Dale has found it under the bark of the beech in
the New Forest in April: at Clifton, near Bristol, it has oc-
curred in considerable abundance at the end of April, at the
base of trees, and Mr. Walcott transmitted a living specimen
to me from that neighbourhood. Mr. Dillwyn occasionally
finds it on ash-trees near Swansea, and various other localities
have been recorded.

Troprperes of Schén. is a subgenus distinguished by
longer antennze, with the 3d and 5 following joints elongated
and slender, with the club elongated; the eyes are large and
often somewhat approximating in front.

1. niveirostris Fab.—brevirostris Panz. 57. 9.

It inhabits the hazel in June, in Coomb-lane and the New
Forest. I found one upon a gate at Earsham in Norfolk.

2. albirostris Fab.— Panz. 15. 13.

** Captured on paling near Norwich.”—Step.

The plant is Acinos vulgaris, Basil Thyme.

iS

Ld. 0. IESU

Y,

ANTHRIBUS ALBINUS.

OrpeER Coleoptera. Fam. Anthribide.
Type of the Genus, Curculio albinus, Linn.
Anturisus Fab., Sché., Curt.—Macrocephalus Oliv.—Curculio Linn.

Antenne inserted in a deep cavity before the eyes, under the
sides of the rostrum, nearly as long as the body in the male,
clavate and 11-jcinted, basal jot very short and ovate, 2nd
smaller obovate, 3rd the longest, clavate, 4 following shorter,
clavate, the remainder forming a subfusiform, compressed club,
8th joint a little stouter than the 7th; 9th as long and stouter,
10th quadrate, 11th subpyriform : not much more than half as
long in the female (6), 3rd joint the longest, 4th shorter, 5th
obovate, 6th and 7th subglobose, 8th short obconic, 9th stouter,
ovate-truncate, 10th transverse, 11th short and conical.
Labrum small, transverse, semiovate, the centre straight, densely
ciliated with long incurved hairs (1).

Mandibles exserted, nearly alike, trigonate, acute, with a small
sharp tooth below the apex and a circular notch at the
middle (2).

Maville with a linear lobe, furnished with strong curved spines
at the apex and pectinated on the inside, with a long narrow
moveable lobe outside, hairy and furnished with similar curved
spines at the apex. Palpi stoutish, 4-jointed, basal joint small,
2nd stout, semilunate, 3rd as stout but shorter, oblong, 4th the
longest, elongate-ovate-conic with a gland at the apex (3).
Mentum large, suborbicular, the anterior margin deeply cleft
and forming 2 large oval lobes. zp furcate and very hairy
inside. Palpi slender, triarticulate, basal joint a little elon-
gated, 2nd as long but more ovate and thickly clothed inter-
nally with long hairs, 3rd joint a little longer, nearly linear,
very bristly, the apex obtuse (4).

Head nutant ; rostrum quadrate (7); clypeus notched: eyes small,
lateral, prominent and reniform. ‘Thorax conical truncate, twice as
broad as the head at the base: scutel very minute. Elytra rather
broader than the thorax, oblong, ovate, subcylindric, the apex rounded.
Wings ample. Pygidium minute. Legs stoutish, of equal length:
thighs stoutish, contracted at the apex : tibize narrowed at the base,
the apex truncated : tarsi elongated, 4-jointed, basal joint elongate-
obtrigonate, 2nd obtrigonate-furcate, 3rd small bilobed, spongy be-
neath, 4th clavate (5+ hind leg): claws bifid on the inside at the
base (*).

Atsinus Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 393. 1.
In the Author's and other Cabinets.

bs)

‘THs insect is now considered by Schonherr as the type of the
Fabrician genus Anthribus: it is distinguished from Platy-
rhinus (Pl. 723) by the acuminated apex of the antennz and
their unusual length in the males, by the kidney-shaped eyes,
as well as by the more convex form of the whole beetle.
With the exception of the mentum, the trophi of these two
groups are very similar, from which we may infer that their
ceconomy is pretty nearly the same.
The only species inhabiting Great Britain is
A. albinus Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 726 $—ig. 7, head, Sc.
of 2.
Lead-colour variegated with reddish brown marks formed
of short strong hairs; crown of head, face and rostrum
densely clothed with yellowish-white pubescence: antennze
black, tips of 7 basal joints excepting the 1st and 2nd white,
8th entirely, and base of 9th snow white: thorax coarsely
punctured, with the anterior margin and a spot in front
yellowish-white ; 4 black elevated points across the middle,
the 2 central ones contiguous: elytra with strongly punc-
tured striae, the interstices slightly rugose, a white patch on
the disc of each united by indistinct whitish lines, a large
portion of the apex yellowish-white ;‘ the 3rd space from the
suture with a line of six black elevated tufts, basal one the
largest: legs brownish ochre; thighs banded; tibize with a
basal and a central brown ring, the apex whitish; tarsi
black, apical joint white: underside of abdomen ochreous
with short dense pubescence.

This handsome beetle I have never seen alive, although it
has become comparatively abundant of late years. It is gene-
rally found upon hurdles and dry wood in June, and has
occurred in Kensington Gardens, at Eltham, Darent-wood,
and in Dorsetshire. Gyllenhal says it inhabits the trunks of
oaks, birch, and willows, and I think it has been taken not
uncommonly near Bewdley in Worcestershire.

Monotropa Hypopithys, Yellow Bird’s-nest, was communi- —
eated by N. B. Ward, Esq.

SPHZRIESTES FOVEOLATUS

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Salpingidee.
Type of the Genus, Dermestes ater Payk.

Spuzriestes Kirb., Curt.—Salpingus J//., Gyll.—Curculio Mars.—
Dermestes Payk.—Tenebrio Linn. ?
Antenne remote, inserted on each side of the clypeus, before the
eyes, a little longer than the head and thorax, clavate, hairy
and 11-jointed ; basal joint obovate, 4 following slenderer some-
what pear-shaped, 4th and 5th being the smallest, the following
stouter, submoniliform, the joints somewhat ovate-truncate, ter-
minal joint ovate-conic (6).
Labrum exserted, large, covering the mandibles, cordate, the
base truncated with a few bristles round the margin (1).
Mandibles exserted, elongate-trigonate, a little curved and acute
at the apex, serrated on the inside, the teeth diminishing towards
the base (2).
Mazille elongated, terminating in 2 long narrow lobes, pube-
scent at the apex, the inner one the shortest. Palpi longer,
4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd subpyriform, 3rd shorter, 4th
the longest, subfusiform, with a gland at the apex (3).
Mentum transverse, scarcely narrowed before. Labium elongate-
ovate, narrowed at the middle, the apex being orbicular and
slightly pilose. Palpi attached on each side at the middle,
rather remote, triarticulate, 2 basal joints short, obovate, 3rd a
little longer and stouter, the apex slightly oblique (4).

Head rather broad and oblong, produced narrowed and depressed an-
teriorly : eyes remote, small but prominent, not touching the Thorax,
which is somewhat obcordate, the base truncated : scutel small and
triangular. Elytra long, subelliptic, a little dilated beyond the mid-
dle, the apex rounded. Wings very ample. Legs slender : thighs
a little thickened : tibie with short spurs at the apex : tarsi 5, 5 and
4-jointed, pubescent beneath, anterior with the basal joint a little
elongated, 3 following cordate, 4th the smallest (5); basal and ter-
minal joints long in the hinder feet (+): claws long slender and
acute. Obs. The species dissected is S. foveolatus.

Foveoxatus Liungh Act. Hol.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 396. 5.
In the Cabinets of Mr. Little and the Author.

Tus is a very anomalous group approaching the Curculio-
nidz, yet being in fact heteromerous: its position seems to be
between Anthribus and Trogosita.
The British species are,
1. foveolatus Liwng.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 662.
Black with a slight brassy tinge; clypeus, trophi, base of
antennee, tibiae and tarsi ferruginous, apex of the latter and
thighs often piceous; head and thorax very coarsely punc-

tured, especially the latter, which has also a large transverse
impression and 2 fove; elytra with a strong semicircular
impression near the base, which is deeply punctured, the
remainder with somewhat irregular strongly punctured
striz, with punctures between them, thickest towards the
apex.

This northern species was first detected in Scotland by the
Rev. Wm. Little, to whom I am indebted for specimens, ac-
companied by the following note: ‘‘I find this insect on the
top of a wall at Cramond House near Edinburgh in October
and the beginning of November. ‘The wall is under a row of
Beech- and E]m-trees, which are probably their true habitat.”
2. ater Payk. Black, somewhat brassy, smooth, base of an-

tenne and tarsi pitchy-red, thorax very thickly punctured,

with 2 foveze, head rounded: length 1 line.

Taken in Norfolk ; Southgate, Mr. F. Walker; Raehills,
Dumfriesshire, on the pitch of the Fir, the Rev. W. Little.

3. immaculatus Step. Castaneous-brown or ferruginous, eyes
black, antennz and legs pale, thorax very thickly punctured
with an impression on each side at the base: 14 13 lines.
Illus. 4. 218. 2.

July on a Fir-tree Ockingham-heath, Norwood, and Chel-
sea; under the bark of a Plane-tree at Cramond House,
Rev. W. Little. Probably the immature state of S. ater.

4. Picee Ahr. fasc. 10. pl.9. Piceous, shining, punctured,
base of antennz, tibiee and tarsi ochreous; elytra with punc-
tured stria, irregular at the base: 14 line.

July, Southgate, Mr. F. Walker.

5. eneus Step. not of Oliv. Brassy-black, shining, base of
antenne tibize and tarsi ferruginous, thorax short punctured,
elytra without fovee: 13 line.

Found near London. This insect is probably identical with
No. 4. S. Picea, for Olivier’s figure represents a Salpingus.
6. quadripustulatus Mars. 297. 171.—Step. Illus. pl. 21. f. 5.

Head thorax and legs ferruginous ; sides of thorax denti-

culated ; elytra with a ferruginous spot at the base and an-

other at the apex: 1} line.

June and July White-thorn hedges, paling Camberwell
Grove; Battersea Fields, Coomb Wood, Herts, Surrey, and
Swansea.

7. denticollis Gyll. 3.715. 5. Elongate-fuscous, head thorax
antenne and legs testaceous, base of elytra pale, thorax very
thickly punctured, attenuated behind, sides denticulated:
14 line.

Hedges in the neighbourhood of London. A var. probably
of S. 4-pustulatus.

Vaccinium Vitis Idea, Red Whortle Berry, was communi-
cated by Mr. Walton from Harrowgate Moor.

734.
TROGOSITA MAURITANICA.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Trogositide.
Type of the Genus, Tenebrio Mauritanica Linn.
Trocosita Oliv., Fab., Lat., Curt.—Platycerus Geof.

Antenne remote, inserted at the extremity of a deep cavity, on
each side of the head, between the eyes and the mandibles,
short and clavate, compressed towards the apex, sparingly pu-
bescent, 11-jointed, basal joint stouter than the following, ob-
ovate, 2nd minute, 3rd a little oblong, the remainder increasing
in diameter, 3 or 4 of the terminal joints forming a club, 9th
and 10th joints cup-shaped, 11th suborbicular (6).

Labrum exserted, transverse, the angles rounded, anterior mar-
gin a little concave and densely ciliated with long hairs (1).
Mandibles porrected, rather large, bifid at the apex, with 3 or
4 teeth on the inside and ciliated at the base (2).

Maville terminating in a curved, elongated, oval lobe, the apex
ciliated with long bristles, the internal margin with numerous
curved spines longest above the middle. Palpi moderate, 4-
jointed, basal joint subglobose, 2nd long, subovate-truncate,
3rd rather shorter, curved, pyriform-truncate, 4th considerably
the longest, subfusiform, truncated at both ends (8).

Mentum transverse, sublunate. Labium large, the base obovate-
truncate, the apex dilated, subcordate, with a brush of long
cilia on each side. Palpi remote, attached on each side of the
mentum a little beyond the middle, short, clavate and triarticu-
late, basal joint minute, 2nd tolerably long, stout, dilated an-
teriorly, 3rd the largest, base narrow, apex ovate-truncate (4).

Depressed. Head suborbicular : eyes small, subovate, coarsely granu-
lated and placed behind deep cavities which receive the antennae, re-
mote from the base. ‘Thorax broader, semiorbicular, a little broadest
before, the anterior angles produced and incurved, the sides slightly
margined, posterior angles acute, base rounded: scutel small, tri-
angular. LElytra a little broader than the thorax, from which it is
separated by a narrow neck, elliptic, the base truncated: wings ample.
Legs short, anterior the stoutest : thighs very short and stout : tibiz
short, compressed, dilated at the apex, especially the anterior (57),
with 2 minute teeth at the outer and 2 curved spurs at the inner angle :
tarsi as long as the tibie and 4-jointed, ciliated beneath, first 3 joints
short, 4th long and clavate: claws strong and curved.

Maovritanica Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 397. 1.—caraboides Fab.
Dull castaneous, palpi subferruginous, tips of mandibles and
eyes black; head with a longitudinal impression before ; regu-
larly but not thickly punctured, the thorax punctured: elytra
piceous or blackish, 9 punctured striz on each, very faint ex-
ternally, the interstices punctured and transversely scratched.

Trogosira has hitherto been included in the Cucujidee, but
the numerical difference in the joints of the tarsi, independent
of the trophi, which are very dissimilar, as will be seen by re-
ferring to pl. 510, render it impossible to keep them in the
same family. It is not surprising that Linnzeus should have

included this insect with the Tenebriones, since its general
habit approaches that genus, and also the Scaritidee, with which
it agrees also in being carnivorous, and it is only by a minute
examination of the tarsi and trophi that we can obtain satis-
factory evidence of its real affinities; the absence of the inter-
nal notch in the mandibles I consider quite sufficient to remove
it from the Tenebriones, and I feel convinced that the tarsi are
all tetramerous, the fifth joint of Olivier being nothing more
than the incrassated base of the radical one.

The Tinea granella, Calandra granaria, and Trogosita
Mauritanica are all injurious to corn when housed; but this
last insect is particularly destructive, because it eats the out-
side of the grain, and consequently passes from one to another,
injuring as much or more than it consumes. ‘Trogosita is an
inhabitant of many warm regions, and fortunately for us it
does not propagate readily in a northern climate: it is abun-
dant in the south of France, where it is called Cadelle.

I believe nothing is known respecting the depositing of the
egys; it is the larvee alone which feed on the corn, and they
do the greatest mischief at the end of winter, for they are then
full-grown and have attained the length of 8 lines: they enter
the earth or bury themselves in dust to become pupe. ‘The
beetle is carnivorous, and makes some recompense for the
mischief it had done in its ear rly days by destroying the Z7-
nea granella.

In the Transactions of the Entomological Society for 1812,
is a letter from Mr. Kirkup, stating that a larva of Tenebrio
Mauritanicus had been found in a Spanish almond, and that
it was 15 months before it became a beetle, after which it
lived 21 months, making a period of nearly 3 years, independ-
ent of the time it had lived previous to its being detected in
the almond. It is worthy of remark too, that the ceconomy of
this larva differed from those observed by M. Dorthes, because
they lived in the nut, and Mr. Kirkup believed that the beetle
afterwards fed upon the almond also.

It is evident that this beetle has been introduced from the
shores of Africa, and is spreading itself in Europe; but as it is
not supposed to breed at large in Britain, the name is printed
in Italics in the Guide. From what has been already stated, it
is clear that the specimens discovered in this country have
been imported in fruits and grain; the fact, however, of Mr.
Babington having found them in the rotten floor ofa malt-
house at Cambr idge, proves the mischief that may arise from —
storing foreign corn, and the precautions that ought to be
taken in cleansing eranaries from time to time by having the

walls and ceilings washed with lime, and the floors scrubbed
with hot water, by which means one of the most valuable arti-
cles of life would be secured from extensive injuries, which are
often effected by the united agency of the above insects.

Isatis tinctoria, Wild Woad, was communicated by B. Ken
nedy, Esq., from a chalk-pit near Guildford.

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510.
CUCUJUS SPARTII.

OrverR Coleoptera. Fam. Cucujida—Cucujipes Laz.
Type of the Genus, Cantharis sanguinolenta Linn.

Cucusus Fab., Oliv., Lat., Gyl., Curt.—Cantharis Linn.

Antenne inserted considerably before the eyes, sometimes longer
than the head and thorax in the males, straight, very hairy,
11-jointed, 2 basal joints stouter than the 6 following and
ovate, Ist a little the largest, 3rd ovate, the remainder monili-
form and globose, excepting the 3 last which are as stout as
the basal joints and ovate, the terminal one producing a sort of
tubercle at the apex (6).

Labrum porrected, semiorbicular, thickly ciliated with bristly
hairs (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate, curved and a little pilose outside, trifid
at the apex, the internal margin dilated, excised and covered
with a very fine membrane (2).

Mazille with a slender hooked and very acute lobe on the in-
side, and an elongated rather broad and pubescent one on the
outside. Palpi short pubescent and triarticulate, basal joint
clavate, 2nd shorter, subovate, 3rd as long as the lst elongate-
oval, with a gland at the apex (3).

Mentum transverse, deeply emarginate, the sides produced and
forming 2 subacuminated lobes. Lip large corneous rounded
and ciliated. Palpi rather short, attached to two scapes,
pubescent, biarticulate, basal joint somewhat obtrigonate, 2nd
barrel-shaped with a gland at the apex (4).

Head broad and flat narrowed before: eyes remote from the base,

small and lateral. Thorax more or less obtrapezate or obovate
truncate, the sides margined: scutellum transverse-ovate. Elytra
generally broader than the thorax, depressed, elliptical, the margins
defleced. Wings as long as the body, broad, very thin and ciliated.
Legs nearly alike, very short and compressed, anterior pair attached
to the hinder margin of the antepectus, posterior pair remote from
the intermediate : thighs dilated, but very slender at the base : tibize
slightly clavate and very hairy inside towards the apex, with a small
spine: tarsi 5-jointed, 4 first joints very small, terminal one long
and clavate, sometimes the basal joint is nearly obsolete and the
posterior are only 4-jointed in the males, with the basal joint minute,
and the 2nd long: claws rather long and acute (5).

Obs. The description and dissections are from C. ferrugineus ? Meg.

Spartit Curt. MSS. Guide, Gen. 398.

Castaneous brown, sparingly clothed with short ochreous hairs;
antenne mouth and legs ferruginous, the former with the 3 ter-
minal joints a little incrassated, the 2nd not larger than the 3rd:
eyes black; head and thorax minutely punctured, with a broad
slightly elevated margin to both, the latter obovate-truncate ;
elytra with 4 slightly “elevated lines down each, with very faint
and punctured lines between them.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Rudd and the Author.

SQ

I sHOULD very much regret having been under the necessity
of dissecting a small species, which differs so materially from
the type, if Mr. Westwood had not described and figured the
trophi, &c., of C. depressus and other species in the 5th vol. of
the Zoological Journal: I shall, however, briefly give the cha-
racters of the type.

Antenne with the 2nd joint the smallest. Mandibles with
3 strong teeth ; labium bilobed; terminal joint of palpi broad
and truncated. Head subtrigonate, narrowed at the base and
broader than the thorax, which is transverse with the sides a
little denticulated not marginate; tarsi 5-jointed, anterior di-
lated, the basal joint very minute, the posterior pair only 4-
Jointed in the male? with the 2nd joint as long as the 4th.

The following species have been recorded as British:

1. C. dermestoides Yab.—Panz. 3. 13.—depressus Herb.

The tarsi are similar to C. depressus F., and the 6th and 8th
joints of the antennz are smaller than the preceding and
following.

Taken by the Rev. G. T. Rudd, “who found them the
beginning of June running in the hot sunshine over the
newly barked trunks of oak trees near Lyndhurst in the New
Forest; they entered the cracks in the timber, which their ex-
tremely depressed form peculiarly adapts them for.” Mr.
Dale also captured it at the same time.

5. C. piceus Oliv. 4. No. 74. bis, pl. 1. f. 5.—Zool. Journal,
pl. 47. f. 1.
6. C. Spartii Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 510.—ater Step.

The C. ater of Olivier is entirely of a deep black with a
thick head, represented also very broad in the figure, and an
almost heart-shaped thorax. .

Taken in abundance by Mr. Rudd out of decayed Broom-
stems at Coomb-wood in April and May.

3. complanatus Wilk.—monilicornis Step. ?

__ Is considerably like C. Spartzz, but it is testaceous; the head
is broader and the thorax more narrowed behind. Found in
Dec. in Granaries and Cornbins in Norfolk by Mr.S. Wilkin.

7. ferrugineus Meg.?—testaceus Ste. pl. 21. f. 6.
Found in a Granary by Mr. Babington in abundance, also
in an old decayed Elm in Wiltshire in Dec. by Mr. Ingpen.
2. testaceus Fab. Under the bark of dead trees. '
4. minutus? Oliv. pl. 1.7.9. Found by the late Mr. Griffin
amongst Indian wheat.
8. unifasciatus Lat. Hist. Nat. 11. 256. 7.—ool. Journal,
pl. 47. fi. 2

Taken in June in the New Forest by Mr. Rudd, to whom
I am indebted for specimens as well as of the species figured :
it was also found ‘under the bark of a Horn-beam tree in
Hainault Forest by Mr. Bydder.”

The Plantis Hypericum perforatum (Perforated St.John’s Wort).

§

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746.
PRIONUS CORIARIUS.

Orpber Coleoptera. Fam. Prionide.
Type of the Genus, Cerambyx-coriarius, Linn.

Prionus Geof., Fab., Oliv., Lat., Serv., Curt.—Cerambyx Linn.,
Marsh.

Antenne inserted in front of a notch in the eyes, remote, a little
shorter than the body in the male, stout, serrated, somewhat
imbricated and 12-jointed, basal joint stout obovate, 2nd small
cup-shaped, 3rd the longest, the apex a little dilated, the re-
mainder decreasing in size, short and obtrigonate, the internal
angle acute, 12th joint elongate ovate, the apex truncated ob-
liquely : scarcely so long and not so stout in the female, 11-
jointed, 4th and following joints less trigonate, apical one longer
with 2 transverse ridges (6).

Labrum visible, small, transverse, pocket-shaped, ciliated (1).
Mandibles porrected, crossing, stout and curved, concave, apex
beaked (2).

Mazille terminating in an elliptic, rigid, pubescent lobe. Palpi
attached to distinct scapes, pubescent, 4-jointed, basal joint
pear-shaped, 2nd stouter and much longer, a little inflated, 3rd
shorter, more pyriform-truncate, 4th the stoutest, a little longer
than the 2nd; the apex obtuse (3).

Mentum small, semiorbicular, the sides notched. Lip small,
narrow at the base, dilated before and hairy, forming 2 divari-
cating lobes. Palpi attached to 2 approximating scapes, as
large as the maxillary, pubescent, triarticulate, basal joint small,
2nd large, clavate-truncate, 3rd a little larger more pyriform,
the apex obtuse (4).

Head porrected, somewhat conical: eyes large, remote from the base,
reniform, transverse, approximating on the crown. ‘Thorax not much
broader than the head, transverse, the angles subacuminate, with a
strong spine on each side between them (T) : scutel large semiovate.
Elytra twice as broad us the thorax, convex, a little attenuated,
slightly margined, the apex rounded, with a minute sutural spine :
wings ample. Legs stout, compressed: thighs stout: tibie sca-
brous, channeled, narrowed at the base, anterior the shortest, hinder
the longest, a little scimitar-shaped, all emarginated at the apex,
with 2 short spurs: tarsi spongy beneath, 4-jointed, anterior a little
the broadest, basal joint obtrigonate, 2nd semiovate, 3rd bilobed, 4th
long slender and clavate, with a minute joint or bulb at the base :
claws slender curved and acute.

Larva fleshy, naked, with 6 small pectoral feet, head coriaceous. Pupa
inclosed ina large thick cocoon formed of saw-dust or decayed wood.
Roesel v. 2. tab. 2. fig. 3-6.

Corrarius Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 400. 1.
In the Author's and other Cabinets.

SO
¢

PRIONUS coriarius is one of the smallest examples of the
family to which it belongs, some of the exotic species being of
gigantic stature, one brought from Western Africa measurin

nearly one foot when the antennz are extended, the length of
the body being about four inches and a half; and in another
species it is six inches long. ‘The Prionidee form a numerous
tribe, principally within or near the torrid zone: in temperate
climates they are very rare, and the species before us is the

only one that inhabits England. ‘The Prionide are distin- —

guished from the Cerambycidee by their stout and sometimes
serrated antennz, by their strong mandibles, which are often
elongated in the males, by broad elytra and thick legs, and
the maxillz have only one small lobe.

The larvee live in large trees which are in a decayed state,
and the ravages they commit in forests must be very great,
considering their size and number; and it is worthy of remark
that the insects most destructive to timber are found in tro-
pical regions, where vegetation is most luxuriant, and where
plants require to be nourished by the rich soil formed by the
decomposition of timber and other vegetable substances; con-
sequently we find in central Africa the largest Buprestidze in
abundance, as well as in India, and the tropical portions of
America produce the largest Prionidze and Cerambycide in
surprising variety: the Klateridze and Curculionide also assist
in the reduction of trees by a similar ceconomy.

The female Prionus coriarius is said to lay a considerable
number of eggs, which are deposited in the crevices and cracks
of the wood by means of a horny ovipositor : this species flies
heavily in the evening and at night, but it is more frequently
seen on the trunks of trees, or in the decayed wood collected
at the base of worm-eaten oaks, elms, birch trees, &c. ‘They
make their appearance towards the end of July. I have found
them rarely in Norfolk; they have been taken at Epping,
Birch and Coomb woods, in Cambridgeshire, Essex, Kent,
Shropshire and Glamorganshire.

P. Coriarius Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 746 3.

Pitchy-castaneous: palpi and tarsi paler: antennee veined
or reticulated, punctured at the base, head thickly and
strongly punctured, with an imperfect channel down the
centre: thorax short, strongly and numerously punctured,
the punctures uniting, smoothest on the disc, base and an-

terior margin as well as the labrum ciliated with bright fer-—

ruginous hairs, the central lateral spine a little curved:
scutel not punctured at the apex: elytra rugose, the punc-
tures uniting: each with 3 faintly elevated lines: legs punc-
tured, scabrous, with ochreous pubescence.

The plant is Sambucus nigra, Common Elder.

AROMIA MOSCHATA.

Orber Coleoptera. Fam. Cerambycide.
Type of the Genus, Cerambyx Moschatus Linn.

Aromia Serv.—Cerambyx Linn., Fab., Curt.—Stenocorus Fab.

Antenne inserted close to the inner margin of the eyes, longer
than the insect in the male, shorter in the female, tapering,
channeled beneath, pubescent and 11-jointed, basal joint the
stoutest, cbovate, 2nd small and cup-shaped, 3rd long clavate-
truncate, slightly produced externally at the apex, as well as a
few of the following, which decrease in length, apical joint the
longest and tapering in the male (6), scarcely longer than the
10th in the female.

Labrum porrected, transverse, pocket-shaped, the margins thin
and transparent, deeply emarginate before, with a few long
bristles (1).

Mandibles moderate, porrected, elongate-trigonate, the apex
but slightly pointed, ciliated internally, one having a single
tooth (2), the other with 2 on the inside.

Mazille terminated by a long narrow lobe, extending beyond
the mandibles, dilated and ovate at the apex and densely hairy,
internal lobe long, elliptical and densely hairy. Palpi not
longer than the lobe, attached to a projecting shoulder, 4-joint-
ed, basal joint elongate funnel-shaped, the apex dilated and
membranous, 2nd and 3rd very short and cup-shaped, 4th
the longest and largest, oval, the apex compressed (3).
Mentum semihexagonal. Palpi much larger than the maxillary,
attached to 2 approximating scapes at the anterior margin of
the mentum ; triarticulate, basal joint short and funnel-shaped,
the margin membranous, 2nd long, stout, elongate-trigonate,
3rd considerably the largest, clavate and compressed. Lip large
membranous, subcordate and hairy (4).

Head slightly drooping (7* the profile), subobovate, not narrowed at
the base, the forehead elevated. Eyes profoundly emarginate inter-
nally to receive the antenne. ‘Thorax ovate-truncate, uneven, with
a conical spine on each side at the middle, where it is much broader
than the head: scutel triangular. Elytra completely covering the
abdomen, long and linear, the apex rounded. Wings ample. Legs
stout, a little compressed : thighs clavate, hinder the longest : tibiz,
anterior short, velvety on the inside, hinder long compressed and
curved at the apex, spurs very minute : tarsi rather broad, densely
pilose beneath, 4-jointed, 2 basal joints obtrigonate, 1st elongated in
the hinder, 3rd joint bilobed, 4th clavate: claws short und acute

(5, a fore leg).

Moscuata Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 402, 1.
In the Author's and other Cabinets.

~X)

Amoncest the Beetle tribes there are none more graceful in
form than the Cerambycidze, but the agreeable cdour of roses
which is exhaled by the Aromia moschata is a quality peculiar
to this species, which is of a beautifully rich glossy green,
tinged with metallic copper or gold on the head and thorax,
and the elytra have sometimes a rich purple tint at the base
and round the margins.

The specific name of Moschata is not a happy one, and the
trivial appellation given to it in this country of “ Musk-beetle ”
is not less objectionable, for the scent is quite like that of otto
of roses, and this is emitted so freely at particular seasons,
that it is not only perceptible on approaching them as they
move about, but I remember once detecting this perfume in
a box in which some of the beetles had been confined, six
weeks after they had died.

If it were not for the unfortunate aversion which many per-
sons entertain towards anything in the shape of a beetle or
caterpillar, several of these beautiful and remarkable animals
might, I think, be introduced into ladies’ conservatories, if
not into their drawing-rooms, by which means a taste for con«
templating the works of nature would be cherished, and thus
become a rational amusement to the junior branches of fami-
lies. A small sallow or willow in a garden-pot would afford
a station for the musk-beetle, which is found in considerable —
numbers on many varieties of those plants, from June to Sep-
tember. The caterpillars of many of the butterflies might be
reared with ease in the same way, and thus all their wonder-
ful transformations would be daily passing under the eye, and
ultimately one of the most charming objects in nature would
be disclosed from the suspended pupa: the beautiful larva of
Sphinx Ligustri may be readily kept on a plant of the Privet,
and many other species might be mentioned ; but we can only
add that these caterpillars will not ramble from the plants they
feed upon until they are full grown, and they are all perfectly
harmless.

The only species of Aromia inhabiting England is
A. Moschata Linn.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 738 ¢.

Rich shining green: antennee often chalybeous, black at
the apex: head more or less aureous or coppery, thickly
punctured at the base, with a channel in front: thorax tinged
with gold, punctured, with 6 or 8 tubercles round the disc:
elytra finely granulated, each with 2 shining lines, the 1st
terminating at the suture beyond the middle, the 2nd reaching
the same near the apex : pubescence on the tibize and tarsi fer-
ruginous.

Mr. Newman once informed me that he discovered the
Musk-beetles feeding on ripe gooseberries, generally on those
which had fallen down.

For specimens of Phyteuma orbiculare, Round-headed Ram-
pion, I am indebted to Mr. Joseph Graham, and I also ga-
thered others at Mickleham last August.

oa
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219.
MONOCHAMUS SARTOR.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Cerambycide Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus Cerambyx sutor Linn.

Monocuamus Meg., Dej., Lat.—Lamia Fab., Lat., Panz., Gyll._—
Cerambyx Linn., Oliv., Marsh.
Antenne inserted on each side the crown of the head upon the
interior margin of the eyes, as long or much longer than the
body, setaceous, slightly pubescent at the base, 1 1-jointed, basal
joint long robust, 2nd very minute, 3rd considerably the longest,
the remainder decreasing in length to the end.
Labrum exserted, suborbicular, pilose above, slightly emargi-
nate (1).
Mandibles slender, a little bent, broad at the base, acute at the
apex (2).
Mazille smail, bilobed, internal lobe deep, densely ciliated, su-
perior long slender and thickly pubescent. Palpi rather long in
proportion, 4-jointed, basal joint short slender, 2nd much longer
robust, 3rd rather shorter, subclavate, 4th the longest subfusi-
form (3). :
Mentum small rhomboidal, pilose across the middle. Labium
narrow at the base, very much dilated anteriorly, deeply notched
and pubescent. Palpi arising near the middle of the lip, triarti-
culate, basal joint short, 2nd much longer, robust clavate, 3rd as
long subfusiform (4).

Head shoré vertical. Eyes lateral, narrow at the top, ovate below,
emarginate next the antenne (7* the head and antenna in profile).
Thorax cylindric, spined on each side, scarcely broader than the head
(9). Scutellum small. Wings ample. Elytra broader than the
thorax, convex, elongate-ovate, sometimes a little attenuated. ‘'Tibie
slightly curved, very pubescent at the apex, which produces 2 small
spines. ‘Tarsi broad, 4-jointed, cushioned beneath, basal joint longer
than the 2nd ; 3rd bilobed, 4th the longest, clavate. Claws simple.
Pulvilli none (5, a fore leg).

Sartor Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 2. p.278.n. 42.— Gyll. 4. p. 53. n. 2.
Male bronzed black, shining. Antenne twice the length of the
body, finely granulated. Head coarsely punctured ; mouth cas-
taneous. Thorax coarsely punctured, wrinkled before and be-
hind. Scutellum ochraceous, pubescent. Elytra slightly atte-~
nuated, coarsely punctured, becoming smoother towards the
apex, which is clothed with ochreous pubescence : 3 obscure lines
on each. Legs slightly scabrous. ‘Tibiz, anterior considerably
curved ; intermediate with an obtuse tooth on the outer margin
towards the apex. ‘Tarsi, anterior the broadest, pubescent.

In the Cabinets of the British Museum and Mr. Samouelle.

THE genus Lamia of authors being very extensive, it became
necessary to divide it into groups, which have been named by
Megerle, and adopted by Latreille and Dejean; one of these
is our genus Monochamus, which may be distinguished by the
great length of the antennee in the males, and the toothed in-
termediate tibize, but in the trophi there is little to justify its
separation from Lamia.

The following species have been captured in Britain:

1. M. sutor Linn., Fab., Schaef. 65. 1.—Don. 13. 435. 1.

Mr. Marsham first recorded this insect as a native of our
island, and it is said to be found in July and August upon the
trunks of trees. Two or three have been taken in Norwich
and the vicinity.

2. M. sartor Lab., Panz. 19. 3. masc.—sutor Panz. 19. 2. fem.

The fine male figured was found upon a post near Surrey
Chapel, Blackfriars Road, Sept. 1811, and is in the posses-
sion of Mr. Samouelle. In the summer of 1812, a specimen
was taken at Great Yarmouth, Norfolk; and about the same
time another was captured at Costessey in the same county;
and a fourth is, I believe, in the cabinet of Henry Hole, Esq.,
of Ebberley House, Devon, in which neighbourhood it was
taken in June.

3. M. dentator Fab.—Ent. Trans. p. 84. tab. 1. f. 1.

As few naturalists possess the Entomological Transactions,
the following remarks relating to this interesting insect may
be acceptable. It was exhibited with a ticket bearing these
words: ‘ ‘Taken in the area of a house in Gloucester-street,
Hoxton, Aug. 10, 1806, and brought to me the next day alive
and active. ‘T. G. Ingall.”

*‘ It is more than probable (observes Mr. Haworth) that
this fine species, like Cerambyx violaceus and perhaps C. ful-
minans of Sowerby’s British Miscellany, and Stenocorus

4-maculatus above mentioned, have originally been imported —

into Britam in timber; but if such species prove capable of
enduring this climate, they become to all intents and purposes
natives: and it is impossible to say how many insects may
originally have so become inhabitants. It is, therefore, the
duty of our Faunists to enrol them as such; taking good care
to notice the peculiarities of their times and places of appear-
ance.”

Since the above was written, Mr. Joseph Standish has
shown me a fine male taken in Blackfriars Road a few years
since.

The plant is Saxifraga tridactylites (Rue-leaved Saxifrage).

I

172

Cb: by A.
I Curbishuly f
Liley 1827

LAMIA NUBILA.

OrpeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cerambycidee Latl., Leach.
Type of the Genus Cerambyx Textor Linn.

Lamia Fab., Lat., Panz., Sam.—Cerambyx Linn., Oliv., Marsh.
Antenne inserted on each side the crown of the head, upon the
interior margin of the eyes; as long or longer than the body,
setaceous, sometimes ciliated, 11-jointed, Ist joint long, very
robust, 2nd small, 3rd generally the longest, the remainder de-
creasing in length to the last which is longer than the antecedent
one (fig. 6).

Labrum exserted, obcordate, truncated at the base, scabrous and
pilose (1).

Mandibles short, robust, subtrigonate, slightly bent and a little
produced or sinuated on the internal margin (2).

Mazille small, pilose, bilobed, thickly ciliated; superior lobe
obovate. Palpi longer than the maxille, 4-jointed, basal joint
short, 2nd and 3rd rather robust, of equal length, subpyriform,
4th the longest, subfusiform, truncated (3).

Mentum small transverse rigid pilose and elevated at the base.
Lip as broad as the mentum, suborbicular, very pubescent at the
apex, narrowed at the base. Palpi short, inserted towards the
middle of the lip, 3-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd robust cla-
vate, 5rd robust subovate (4).

Head short, vertical. Eyes lateral, narrow, emarginate on the internal
side next the antenne (7*, the head in profile). Thorax as broad
or broader than the head, cylindric, sometimes spined on each side (9).
Scutellum minute. Wings? 2. Coleoptra broader than the thorax,
convex, elongate oval. Legs robust. Thighs scarcely clavate. Tibie
simple, clavate truncate. Tarsi 4-jointed, 3 first joints broad with
cussions beneath, the \st and 2nd joints short, 3rd bilobed, terminal
joint long clavate. Claws short. Pulvilli none (5, a fore leg).

Nusiia Gmel. 1832. 72. Marsh. 332. 13.—nebulosa Fab. Ent, Syst. 1.

pars 2. 277.38.

Dark ochre, pubescent. Head not punctured, with 4 short black
stripes on the crown: eyes black. Thorax subquadrate, not
spined, coarsely and sparingly punctured, with 4 black stripes
down the back. Scutellum orange, black on the sides. Elytra
sparingly and coarsely punctured with black, an interrupted
white fascia across the middle, partially margined with black, 4
white spots surrounded with black near the scutellum and several
others and 2 black sinuated strige towards the apex. Antenne
ciliated on the external side, castaneous, basal joint variegated
with white, 3rd joint whitish at the base, the remainder with the
basal half pearly white, excepting the last joint which is entirely
white. Thighs and Tibie ochraceous variegated with black, Tarsi
black, 1st, 2nd and 4th joints white at their base.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Raddon and the Author.

Tuts fine genus contains about forty named extra-european
species, some of which are ranked amongst the most beautiful
of the Coleoptera: there are also seven or eight species in-
habiting Europe, two of which only have been detected in
Britain, viz:
1. L. Textor Linn.—Panz. 19. 1.—Samouelle’s Ent. Comp.
pl. 2. fc 24.

This species has nothing to recommend it but its size and
rarity; it has occurred near Bristol and at Lymington in
Hampshire, upon the trunks of willow trees in June.

2. L. nubila Gmel.

We are not aware that any figure has been given of this
rare and beautiful insect by any of our English authors: and
the representations of it in Olivier and Schzeffer by no means
do it justice, in consequence of their being drawn from dead
specimens, the insect fading soon after it is deprived of life.
Through the politeness of Mr. Raddon, we are enabled to
give a portrait from a living specimen, that gentleman having
received two in April last from Bewdley near Worcester ; it
has been taken also at Coombe Wood in June upon the trunks
_ of trees, and we think also at Darent.

The Cerambycide in the larva state do incredible mischief to
timber: and we cannot conclude this paper without referring
our readers to the 13th volume of the Linnean Transactions
fer the natural history of LZ. amputator Fab., accompanied by
figures of the egg, larva, pupa and imago of that insect, com-
municated by the Rev. Lansdown Guilding from the Island
of St. Vincent.

Orobus tuberosus (Heath or Wood-pea) is figured in the
plate.

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SAPERDA ATKINSONI.

OrvEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cerambycids Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus, Cerambyx scalaris Linn.

Sarerpa Fab., Oliv., Panz., Leach, Gyll—Lamia Lat.—Cerambyx
Linn., Marsh.
Antenne inserted on the inner margin of the eyes, as long or
longer than the body, setaceous, slightly hairy; 11-jointed, basal
joint robust, 2nd subglobose, 3rd the longest, remainder de-
creasing in length to the end (6).
Labrum pocket-shaped, covered and ciliated with long and fine
hairs (1).
Mandibles rather slender, subtrigonate, bent and acute at the
apex, externally pilose (2).
Mazille small with an internal lanceolate and ciliated lobe and
a rounded external one. Pulpi long, 4-jointed, basal joint
slender clavate, the remainder of nearly equal length, the 2nd
and 3rd being somewhat clavate, the 4th subfusiform (3).
Mentum short, transverse, producing long and fine hairs. Lip
long and large, horny and narrowed at the base ; dilated, mem-
branous, pubescent and hexagonal beyond the middle. Palpi
robust and rather long, inserted near the middle of the lip, tri-
articulate, basal joint small, 2nd and 3rd long and pilose, the
former clavate, the latter subfusiform, with a vesicle at the
apex (4).

Head short, deflered vertically; face flat. Eyes kidney-shaped, re-
ceiving the antenne. Thorax cylindric without spines. Scutellum
small, obtrigonate truncate. Body cylindric. Elytra long linear,
convex or quadrate. Wings ample. Legs strong. Tibie, anterior
with two minute spines towards the apex. ‘Tarsi thickly clothed with
bristles beneath, 4-jointed, 1st and 2nd joints of equal size in the an-
terior pair, the \st joint the longest in the others, 3rd joint bilobed,
4th clavate. Claws hooked, with a tooth at the base (5).

Arxrinsont Nob,

Black, completely clothed with short depressed ochreous pubes-
cence, with a dull greenish tint. Palpi piceous ; tips of mandi-
bles and eyes black. Antenne subferruginous, except the 3 first
joints. Thorax punctured, with a central channel at the base.
Elytra broadest and square at the base, each shoulder black at
the tip as if rubbed, there are also 2 slight black dots at the mid~
dle near to the suture, and 2 further apart, nearer to the apex.

In the Author’s Cabinet.

SapErpa is so closely allied to Lamia in the structure of the
trophi, that Latreille considered it to form only a division of
this genus, the only distinction of any importance being the

uniformity of the terminal joints in all the palpi. The Saperdee

are distinguished by their long and linear form, the shoulders

being very high, and the thorax, which is cylindrical, is never
spined.
The following species have been discovered in Britain :—

1, S. Carcharias Linn.—Panz. 69. 1.—similis Zat.—July,
trees in Dean Forest, Gloucestershire; and the Rev.
L. Jenyns informs me that specimens were taken on
a post near Cambridge, in August last.

2. S. Atkinsoni Nob.—Until I obtained authentic speci-
mens of S. Tremule from Germany, I considered this
insect to be a variety only of that species; but as I
now believe it to be quite distinct and undescribed, I
have named it after my esteemed and lamented young
friend the late Mr. John Atkinson of Grove-end, to
whom I was indebted for this valuable acquisition.

3. S. scalaris Linn.—Don. 11. 393.—Panz. 49. 3.—This in-
sect is not uncommon near Cockermouth ; the late
Mr. J. Atkinson of Leeds took one near Bolton, the
end of June, and Mr. Hobson has presented me with
a fine specimen taken in Kersal Moor Clough, near
Manchester.

4. S. populnea Linn.—Panz. 69. 7.—Not uncommon upon
Aspen trees in Coomb Wood, near London, and in
Sexton Wood, Suffolk, in May and June.

5. S. Cardui Linn.—Panz. 69. 6.—lineato-collis Don. 6. 209.
—Taken in May, June, and July, by the Rev.
R. Sheppard, at Barton St. Mary, Norfolk, upon
Heracleum Sphondylium, and by Mr. Dale in Clap-
ham Park Wood, Bedfordshire.

6. S. ferrea Schrank.—Panz. 97.15.—Mr. R. Wood of Man-
chester took specimens the end of July 1828, at
Cattrel Clough, near Wilmslow; and I am indebted
to him for a fine pair of this insect, which is new to
Britain. I am informed by Mr. Davis that it has
since been captured by Dr. Howitt in Sherwood Fo-
rest, near Nottingham, upon Tilia parvifolia; and
Dr. Stephenson has found another.

7. S. cylindrica Linn.—Panz. 69. 4.—This I have taken
early in May, upon Nettles in different parts of Nor-
folk. Reesel says the larva feeds upon the pith of the
Raspberry.

8. S. oculata Linn.—Don. 9. 305.—Panz. 1. 18.—Found in
June, upon trunks of willows, in the Isle of Ely, Cam-
bridgeshire.

9. S. preeusta Linn.— Oliv. 4. No. 68. pl. 1. f: 6.—Schaf. 52.
8.—Tetrops preeustus Kirby. May, June, and July,
White-thorn hedges, Kent and Norfolk.

The plant is Tragopogon pratensis (Yellow Goat's Beard).

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CALLIDIUM STRIATUM.

OrpvER Coleoptera. Fam. Cerambycide Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus, Cerambyx Bajulus Linn.

Cauuivium Fab., Lat., Oliv., Panz., Leach, Sam., Gyl., Steph.—Ce-
rambyx Linn., Marsh., Don.
Antenne inserted close to the inner margin of the eyes, some-
times not much longer than the thorax ; nearly filiform, the apical
joints compressed; 11-jointed, basal joint rather more robust
than the following, 2nd subglobose, 3rd the longest, 4th short,
the remainder rather longer, terminal joint subconic com-
pressed (6).
Labrum transverse-oblong, slightly narrowed anteriorly, the
angles rounded and pilose, with 2 small pencils of hair near the
middle of the margin (1).
Mandibles porrected, trigonate, acute with a strong notch on
the internal margin, externally pilose (2).
Mazille small, with a long ciliated lobe on the inside and termi-
nated by an elongated and ciliated one. Palpi longer than the
maxille, robust and 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd and 3rd
subtrigonate of equal size, 4th the largest, somewhat hatchet-
shaped (3).
Mentum broad, transverse, very short, the anterior angles slightly
produced. Lip cordate, or bilobed and ciliated. Palpi attached
to 2 large scapes inserted near the base, triarticulate, clothed
with a few fine hairs, basal joint small, 2nd rather larger obovate-
truncate, 3rd the largest, somewhat hatchet-shaped (4).

Trophi small. Head short. Eyes reniform (7*). Thorax suborbicular
depressed. Scutellum subtrigonate. Elytra elongate, somewhat de-
pressed and not covering the apex of the abdomen. Wings ample.
Thighs robust clavate. ‘Tibiz slender and simple. 'Tarsi short, 5-
jointed, basal and 2nd joints obtrigonate, the former the longer, 3rd
dilobed, 4th very minute, truncated obliquely, forming the base of the
5th which is not longer than the 1st and clavate. Claws simple (5).

Srriatum Linn. Faun. Suec. 668.— Gyll. 4. p. 80. n.10.—Panz. 70.13.
Dull black, excessively thickly punctured and clothed with ex-
tremely short hoary pubescence. Antenne not much longer than
the head and thorax ; a channel between the eyes terminating in
a triangular impression upon the clypeus. Thorax with a broad
shallow groove down the middle and an obscure fovea on each
side behind. Elytra transversely rugose ; three longitudinal ele-
vated lines on each, with 3 alternate ones less raised. Tarsi tes-
taceous at the apex.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Lyell and the Author.

Tuis genus is distinguished by its more depressed form, or-
bicular thorax and shorter antennz; it completes the illus-

tration of a series of the Cerambycidz, which has been given
in the “ Guide;” and by referring to the other plates it will
be seen that the natural situation of Callidium is between Sa-
perda and Clytus, Obrium following and connecting Mo-
lorchus.

Mr. Kirby has given the history of one of the species in the
Linnean ‘Transactions, where figures and dissections of the
larvee will also be found.

The following species have been detected in Britain.

1. C. striatum Linn.—Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 295.—agreste
Fab.—rusticum Steph.

The black colour and greater number of elevated strize on
the elytra will distinguish this from C. rusticum. ‘Two speci-
mens were taken at Kinnordy in Scotland, and one of them
was kindly presented to me by Mr. C. Lyell. It is not un-
common in Sweden.

2. C. Bajulus Linn.—Panz. 70, 1.—similis Marsh. var.

Common round London on old posts and paling in June.
Mr. Spence observes in the Introduction to Entomology, that
“The larva of C. Bajulus sometimes does material injury to
the wood-work of the roofs of houses in London, piercing in
every direction the fir rafters; and when arrived at the perfect
state, making its way out even through sheets of lead one-sixth
of an inch thick, when they happen to have been nailed upon
the rafter in which it has assumed its final metamorphosis.”

3. C.violaceum Linn.—Don. 2.64. f. 1.—Linn. Trans. v. 5.
tab. 12.—Panz. 70. 4.

I once found a single specimen in Norfolk; and it has been
taken at Manchester in May; and occasionally in the neigh-
bourhood of London plentifully: it inhabits dead fir-trees.

4, C. sanguineum Linn.—Don. 16. 553. f. 1.—Panz. 70. 9.

It has been taken in Anglesea and Devon, and is sometimes
found in oak-timber.

5. C. variabile Zinn.—fennicum Linn.—Panz. 70. 2.—tes-
taceum Linn. var.—preeustum Fab. var.—luridum Payhk. var.

For specimens of this insect I am indebted to a lady, who
finds them constantly feeding on the solid wood of the Birch.
It is said to have been found upon Oak in Hainault Forest,
Essex, in August; and a variety in trees at Battersea in June.

6. C. russicum Fab.—Oliv. v. 4. No. 70. pl. 4. f. 49.

This is introduced on the authority of Mr. Stephens. Fa-
bricius states that the insect he described, from the cabinet of
Mr. Lee, came from Russia.

7. C. Alni Linn.—Panz. 70. 20.

Found in June upon faggots and hurdles in Woods, Nor-
folk, &c.

8. C. luteum Steph.

The plant is Stellaria graminea (Less Stitchwort).

199

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CLYTUS QUADRIPUNCTATUS.

OrbeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cerambycidse Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Cerambyx Arietis Linn.

Criytus Fab., Leach, Gyll.—Callidium Fab., Lat., Oliv., Panz.—
Cerambyx Linn., Marsh—Leptura Linn., Gmel., Rossi, Don.
Antenne inserted in front of the head close to the internal margin
of the eyes, not so long as the body, subclavate or filiform, pu-
bescent towards the base, 11-jointed, Ist joint long, bent, robust,
2nd subglobose, 3rd as long as the Ist but slender, 4th and 5th
slender, shorter than the 3rd; the remainder decreasing in length,
apical joint subconic (fig. 6).

Labrum transverse-oval, the base corneous, surrounded by a di-
lated membranous oval margin, the anterior portion clothed and
ciliated with hair (1).

Mandibles trigonate, bent and acute at the apex, producing a few
coarse bristles on the external side, the internal edge sinuated (2).
Mazille terminated by 2 large lobes, the internal one being the
smaller and densely clothed with hair on the inside and at the
apex, the external lobe dilated and divided at the apex, which is
very pubescent also. Palpi not so long as the maxille, robust,
4-jointed, 3 first joints very short, 4th large subsecuriform and
wedge-shaped (3).

Mentum broad and short, the sides lobed, anterior margin straight,
producing a few long hairs in the centre. Zip membranous, bi-
lobed, covered and ciliated with hairs. Palpi remote, robust,
arising from the base of the lip, 3-jointed, basal joint short, 2nd
obconic, 3rd large subsecuriform and wedge-shaped (4).

Head short, nutant. Eyes reniform. Thorax globose. Elytra elongate,
not covering the apex of the abdomen. Wings ample. Scutellum small.
Legs; anterior the shortest, posterior very long. Thighs clavate.
Tibie with small spurs. Tarsi with cushions beneath, 4-jointed,
anterior dilated, basal joint in the posterior pair long, penultimate
joint in all bilobed, Claws strong. Pulvilli none (5, a fore leg).

Quapripuncratus Fab. Ent. Syst. 1. pars 2.337.78.—nevia Gmel.
—villosa Rossi.
Black, slightly covered with somewhat hoary pubescence. An-
tenne filiform. Thorax and Elytra densely covered with greenish
ochreous pubescence, excepting 3 black spots on each down the
back, and one at the shoulder.

In the Cabinet of Mr. Sparshall.

CxytUus is distinguished from Callidium, which it most resem-
bles, by its more cylindric form; and the globose thorax is a
character which at once enables us to separate these from the
other insects of the same family.

jt

The following species have been taken alive in this country,
but as C. erythrocephalus is a native of Georgia, and C. fulmi-
nans is a North American species also, it is possible they may
have been imported in timber, in which they were bred.

1, C. fulminans Fab.—Oliv. 4. t. 5. f: 63.—Sowerby Brit.

Misc. tab. 58.

“A specimen of this elegant insect (says Mr. Sowerby)
was found by a young lady upon some flowers in a garden at
Kensington. It is now in the cabinet of the Rev. W. Kirby.”

2. C. arcuatus Linn.—Marsh.—Don. 3.84. 1.—Panz. 4. 14.

—lunatus Gmel. Fab.—detritus Lat.

This very local insect appears in June, and is occasionally
found in abundance. I once captured a considerable number
in a very hot day running over the trunk of a felled tree near
a wood in the neighbourhood of Bungay in Suffolk.

3. C. Arietis Linn.—Marsh.—Oliv.—Don. 1. 27.—Panz.

4. 15.—Gazella Fab.

This, which is called the Wasp-beetle, is the commonest of
the genus, being found on sunny days in June and July in
gardens, orchards, roads, &c., but generally upon the trunks
of trees; it runs with great celerity and flies well. Donovan
says, ‘they are exceedingly numerous in Kent, in the pease
and bean fields, in May, or on the currant bushes, and are
-not unfrequently taken on the fern.”

4. C. 4-punctatus.

The specimen figured of this valuable insect, was found
alive last year upon a window by a gentleman in Norwich, and
was given to Mr. J. Sparshall, to whom I am indebted for the
opportunity of making a drawing of it.

5. C. mysticus Lznn.— Marsh.—Don. 3. 84. 2.—Panz. 82. 9.

quadricolor Scop.—litteratus Gmel.

This is by no means an uncommon insect round London,
especially at Darent in Kent, where it is met with upon the
trunks of trees in open pathways near the wood, and upon
bushes in the gardens, hedges, &c. in May, June and July.

6. C. erythrocephalus Fab.—Oliv. 4. t. 5. f. 60.—americanus

Gmel.—acuminatum Fab.

Mr. Sparshall’s cabinet contains a single specimen of this
insect, taken alive a few years since in Epping Forest by
Mr. Doubleday.

The plant is Chelidonium majus (Greater Celandine).

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OBRIUM CANTHARINUM.

OrveER Coleoptera. Fam. Cerambycide Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Cerambyx cantharinus Linn.

Osrium Megerle. Saperda Fab., Panz. Callidium Fab. Cerambyx
Linn.
Antenne inserted in a notch in the eyes, as long as the body in
the females, longer and more slender in the males; | 1-jointed,
hairy, 2nd joint the smallest, 5th the longest (fig. 6).
Labrum small, transverse, hairy (1).
Mandibles bent, acute, somewhat trigonate (2).
Mazille terminated by 2 lobes, ciliated with strong hairs, the
internal one short, somewhat acute, the other long, curved and
truncated. Palpi2, 4-jointed, the 3 first joints short, somewhat
clavate with a few bristles, the terminal joint long, robust, at-
tenuated towards the extremities, truncated (3).
Mentum transverse, rounded at the sides, emarginate before.
Lip bilobed, ciliated. Palpi 3-jointed, 2 first joints short, 3rd
somewhat elongate, ovate-truncate (4).

Head nutant trigonate. Eyes emarginate on the internal edge. Thorax
longer than broad, produced on each side, but not spined. Scutellum
small. Body elongate, nearly cylindric. Elytra long, twice the
breadth of the thorax, having a truncated appearance before and
rounded at the apex. Wings 2. Thighs clavate. Tibia simple.
Tarsi composed of 4 joints, of which the Ist is the longest, the 3rd
bilobed, 4th slender. Claws small (5 a fore leg).

Canruarinum Linn. Syst. Nat, 2.637. 82.—brunnea Fab. Ent. Syst.
v. 1. pars 2. p.316. n.45. Panz. 34.15: mas.—ferruginea Fab.
Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 2. 316. 44. Panz. 34. 14: fem.

Mas: ochraceous-ferruginous, shining, pilose, head and thorax
somewhat more brilliant than the elytra, which are irregularly
punctured. Eyes black. Legs brown, inclining to ferruginous.
Antenne brown, deepest towards their base. Fem: twice or
thrice the size of the male. Head and thorax punctured. An-
tenne and legs black ; two terminal joints of the tarsi rufous.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Sparshall and the Author.

Atruoucu [ have not seen Megerle’s characters of the genus .

Obrium, I have no hesitation in adopting it, since the long and
dilated, or subspinose thorax as Fabricius terms it, neither
agrees with Saperda nor Callidium ; and the length of the 5th
joint of the antennee appears to be a peculiar character. De-

ie

jean, however, has included in this genus, Cerambyx minutus
(Callidium pygmeum ¥ ), which I suspect belongs to another
group.

The two insects figured in the plate (which are perfectly
new to Britain) having been found on the same spot, I have
considered them as the sexes, although Fabricius and Panzer
have described them as distinct species, calling the male Sa-
perda brunnea, and the female S. ferruginea ; and Linnzeus
having first described the latter under the name of C. cantha-
rinus, his specific name has here been restored.

Mr. Joseph Sparshall informs me that a male and female of
our insect were taken by Mr. Henry Doubleday in a garden at
Great Coggeshall, Essex, the 15th of July 1823, resting upon
the leaves of an apple-tree: another male was found upon a
plant close to the same tree the 10th of August in the follow-
ing year; and Mr. Blunt captured a female last year about
the end of July, which was sticking to the bark of an aspen-
tree near Wanstead House, Essex.

Pyrus malus (Crab-tree) accompanies the insects; the upper
figure representing the female, the lower one the male.

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NECYDALIS MINOR.

OrveEr Coleoptera. Fam. Cerambycide.
Type of the Genus, Necydalis Umbellatarum Linn.

Necypvauis Linn., Oliv., Mars., Lat.—Molorchus Fab., Gyl., Curt.—
Gymnopterion Schr. ?
Antenne inserted in a notch in the eyes on each side the crown of the
head, slightly setaceous, pubescent and having a few hairs beneath ex-
cept towards the apex, 12-jointed and much longer than the insect in
the male, basal joint short and stout, 2nd globose, 3rd and 4th not
longer than the lst, 5th and following long and clavate, the apical
joint short and curved: 11-jointed and much shorter in the female.
Labrum very minute, hairy and dilated very much in front and some-
what cordiform (1).
Mandibles short, trigonate, slightly hooked and pointed at the apex (2).
Mazille small, terminated by 2 lobes regularly ciliated at the apex,
external one the largest (3 a).
Palpi short subfiliform and 4-jointed, 3 first joints short, 4th thicker
ovate, compressed and truncated at the apex (6).
Mentum broad, convex at the sides, emarginate before (4a). Labium
coriaceous cordate, forming two divaricating pubescent lobes (6). Palpi
nearly as long as the maxillary and of the same form, triarticulate, at-
tached to scapes at the base of the labium (c).

Head suborbicular, sloped off in front : eyes lateral with a deep notch for the
antenne. Thorax orbicular quadrate with the anterior angles and margin
a little reflected, and the base suddenly narrowed : scutellum elongate-tri-
angular. Elytra quadrate or oblong, not half the length of the body, flat
above, gaping behind, the apex of each being rounded. Wings very ample,
folded on the back when at rest, and extending nearly to the apex of the
Abdomen which is linear, concave above, convex beneath. Legs, anterior
short, posterior long. Thighs very slender, terminated by an ovate club :
tibize simple with small spurs at the apex: tarsi 4-jointed, basal joint con-
siderably the longest, except in the anterior pair, 3rd bilobed, 4th clavate :
claws curved and acute (5, a fore leg).

Minor Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 412. 1.
In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

My lamented friend Latreille is the only naturalist of late who has
done Linnezeus the justice to retain the appellation he gave to the
present group. In the first edition of this Work, I observed that
the genus Necydalis of Latreille ought probably to form two ge-
nera: I had therefore adopted Fabricius’s generic name for the
species with short elytra, and those with longer and subulated ely-
tra (N. rufa Linn. &c., forming Latreille’s second division,) might
retain the appellation of Necydalis; but since finding that this

group is established by Illiger as the genus Stenopterus, it follows
that Linnzeus’s name must be restored, and Fabricius’s Molorchus
must fall.

Of this remarkable genus there are only two British species
known.

1. N. minor Linn. Faun. Suec. no. 837.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl.11.—dimidiata Fub.
Black, sparingly clothed with fine long hairs: palpi ochreous; antennz
ferruginous, dark towards the apex, 3rd and 4th joints as long as the fol-
lowing ; head coarsely punctured and vermiculated : thorax suborbicular-
quadrate, thickly and coarsely punctured, somewhat shagreened, the hairs
whitish, with a long shining elevated mark down each side the back, di-
lated anteriorly, and a similar spot between them at the base; scutellum
with white depressed hairs: elytra naked, very glossy, sparingly punc-
tured, castaneous, darkest at the tips across which there is a depressed
line with a green tinge, violaceous at the base; on the disk of each is an
elevated, pale yellow and oblique stripe, approaching behind; wings fus-
cous iridescent: abdomen with the segments on each side beneath edged
with silvery hairs: legs hairy, castaneous, apex of thighs subpiceous ;
tarsi paler.

The smaller figure in the plate shows the natural size of a speci-
men that was taken in June 1823, upon the blossoms of a tree in
the beautiful and ornamental grounds of Mrs. Walker at Arno’s
Grove, near Southgate, and communicated to me by Edwin Wal-
ker, Esq., to whose liberality I am indebted for several rare and
interesting insects. It has since been found by his brother upon
grass under trees: it has also been taken in the adjoining county
of Hertfordshire, and was captured many years since by Mr. Gries-
bach near Windsor.

2. N. Umbellatarum Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 641. 3.—Oliv. v. 4. no. 74. tab. 1. f. 3.
Length 2% to 3$ lines. Black, sparingly clothed with fine long upright
hairs, trophi ochreous ; antenne castaneous, 3rd and 4th joints not longer
than the 1st: head and thorax coarsely punctured, the former with a po-
lished line at the base, the latter with a tubercle on each side below the
middle, and 3 polished spots on the disc sometimes elongated, forming an
inverted triangle: elytra rather sparingly punctured, the hairs short, cas-
taneous, with an ochreous space round the scutellum and extending to the
middle; breast and abdomen piceous inclining to chestnut: legs dark cas-
taneous, tarsi paler.

This species was formerly not uncommon in the lane leading to
Darent Wood, Kent, upon the dead branches of old trees, in which
probably the specimens were bred ; and several were found by my-
self, in a hot day in June, upon an umbelliferous plant in a garden _
adjoining the same lane. It has also been seen in Coomb Wood,
Surrey; and Mr. J. Sparshall captured it at Wrabness in Essex.

The Plant accompanying the insect is Athusa Cynapium ( Fools’
Parsley).

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16-)$ 39
730.
RHAGIUM INQUISITOR.

OrvrErR Coleoptera. Fam. Lepturidz.
Type of the Genus, Leptura Inquisitor Linn.

Raacium Fabd., Gyll., Serv., Curt.—Stenocorus Oliv.—Leptura Linn.,
Lat., Mars.
Antenne not longer than the thorax, inserted in the middle of
the face, between the eyes, approximating, filiform, 11-jointed,
basal joint the longest and stoutest, 2nd small, cup-shaped, 3rd
oblong, 4th rather shorter, 5th longer than the 3rd, three fol-
lowing as long as the 3rd, the remainder decreasing in size,
the apical joint ovate-conic (6).
Labrum semiorbicular, densely ciliated and hairy, the centre
sharply notched (1).
Mandibles strong and trigonate, the apex clawed, inner margin
sinuated, with a long space densely ciliated (2).
Mazille terminated by 2 small lobes, the inner one strongly ci-
hated and woolly at the apex, the other surrounded by a large
woolly brush. Palpi rather short stout and 4-jointed, basal
joint pyriform, 2nd a little longer, 3rd scarcely so long, both cla-
vate, 4th the longest, clavate-truncate (3).
Mentum transverse, semi-ovate, hairy. Lip large, bilobed,
being cleft nearly to the base, densely ciliated. Pulpi short
clavate, triarticulate, seated at the base of the lip, remote, basal
joint small, 2nd larger with a few long hairs, both subpyriform,
3rd much the largest, somewhat hatchet-shaped (4).

Head rather large, orbicular-quadrate, the base suddenly narrowed into
a small neck: eyes very remote from the base, nearly lateral and
ovate, slightly concave inside, rather small but prominent. Thorax
cylindric, constricted before, sides convex at the middle, each produ-
cing a triangular spine: scutel semioval. Elytra twice as broad as
the thorax, elliptic, truncated at the base, slightly tapering, the apex
rounded : ovipositor long and slender. Wings ample. Legs long
and robust : thighs stout, a little incrassated at the middle, slender
at the base: tibize simple, clavate, with short spurs at the apex :
tarsi not long but broad, 4-jointed, basal joint obovate-truncate, 2nd
semiovate-lunate, 3rd bilobed, 4th clavate, with an obscure scape or
Joint at the base: claws small and acute (5+ hind leg).

/

Inquisrtor Linn.—Curt. Guide Gen. 413. 2.

Black, densely clothed with very short ochreous pubescence ;
antenne silky: head and thorax punctured, the former with a
fine channel down the crown: elytra coarsely punctured,
speckled with black, 2 elevated lines on each side of the suture
vanishing at the base and towards the apex, 2 curved deep
ochreous fascize across the middle, interrupted at the suture,
with a deep black ovate spot between them on each side.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue Lepturide form a much smaller tribe than the Ceram-
bycidze, to which they are nearly allied. Their larvee are in-
ternal feeders, and the species belonging to the group before

us are found in their different stages in soft decayed wood,
often in the moist stumps of alders and sallows. The beetles
I have dug out of such situations early in the spring, but later
in the year they are generally found on flowers or upon the
trunks of trees.

The three British species comprised in the genus Rhagium
are distinguished by their short antennz, having the 5th joint
longer than the adjoining ones; the head is comparatively
large, the thorax spined, and the elytra rather broad and less
attenuated than the rest of the family, and the palpi are trun-
cated, the labial being hatchet-shaped.

* Hareium Leach. Antenne with the 5th joint stouter than
the 4th.

1. Indagator Fab.—Panz. 82. 5.—minutus Fab. var.

Shining black, hairy, punctured; basal and anterior mar-

gins of thorax ferruginous; elytra dull purplish, with 2

indistinct ochreous bands across the middle, and numerous

spots and marks of the same colour; 3 elevated lines on
each, the 2 outer ones uniting before the apex: length 6 to

9 lines.

I do not remember having seen a specimen of this insect
that was taken in England, but in. Scotland it is saad to be
common: the Rev. W. Little has taken it in abundance on
Raehills.

*k Antenne filiform, scarcely longer than the thorax.

2. Inquisitor Linn.—Curt. B. E. pl. 750.—vulgare Leach.
May and June on umbelliferous flowers, also on those of

the mountain-ash and white-thorn, and on the trunks of ash-

trees in Coomb Wood, the New Forest, Norfolk, and various
parts of England: in decayed fir and birch trees in the win-

ter, together with the following species on Raehills, Rev. W.

Little.

*e« Antenne slender, longer than the head and thorax.

3. bifasciatum Fab.—Don. »v. 3. pl. 94. f. 1.—nigrolineata

Don. 10. pl. 353. 1.—bimaculata and dorsalis Marsh. Don.
11. pl. 395. 1. vars.
Brassy black above, punctured, with fine long hairs; spines
of thorax inclining backward: elytra coarsely punctured,
with 3 slightly elevated lines on each, approximating to-
wards the apex, sides pale castaneous, with 2 ochreous sub-
lunate patches before, and 2 beyond the middle; antennz
and legs pale castaneous: thighs blackish, excepting the
base: length 7 to 9 lines.

An exceedingly variable species, found with the last in every
part of England, I believe, in May and June; in decayed trees
in abundance, at Wroxham and Horning, Norfolk ; also under
the bark of ash-trees.

The Plant is Sium latifolium, Broad-leaved Skirrett.

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LEPTURA APICALIS.

OrvDER Coleoptera. Fam. Lepturide.

Type of the Genus, Leptura elongata DeGeer.
tuRA Linn., Curt., &c.—Pachyta Meg., Curt.
Antenne inserted near to, and between the eyes, nearly or quite
as long as the body, slightly attenuated, clothed with very short
pubescence, | |-jointed, basal joint long and robust, 2nd subglobose,
3rd as Jong as the Ist; 4th shorter than the 5th, the remainder
slightly decreasing in length, the apical joint subconical (6).
Labrum pilose transverse, anterior margin concave ciliated (1).
Mandibles small, trigonate, slightly bent and very acute at the
apex, internal margin densely ciliated to the middle, where it is
produced, thin and coriaceous (2).
Mazille long slender and bilobed, internal lobe lanceolate and
densely ciliated ; external lobe linear, rounded at the apex and
clothed with long pubescence. Palpi slightly pilose, 4-jointed,
basal joint short, 2nd and 3rd elongate-obtrigonate, the latter
the shortest, 4th the longest suboval (3).
Mentum semiorbicular, anterior margin a little produced, straight
and transparent, the sides slightly pilose. Palpi attached to
scapes, rising from behind the mentum, pilose, triarticulate,
basal joint small, 2nd and 3rd somewhat elongate-ovate, the
latter the largest. Lip large subcordiform and pubescent (4).

Head rather elongated, the mouth being a little produced. Eyes nearly

globose. ‘Thorax subconic, truncated before, the base rather sinu-
ated, the angles acute. Scutellum triangular. Elytra broader
than the thorax, elongated, sometimes attenuated, and concave at
the apex with a spine on each side. Wings ample. Legs long.
Thighs sometimes incrassated, especially the hinder pair. Tibie
spurred, hinder pair sometimes emarginate and toothed on the in-
side in the male (5). Tarsi 5-jointed, basal joint very long in the
hinder pair, 3rd bilobed, 4th minute, 5th long slender and clavate.
Claws bent and acute.

Apicatis Haw., Mss.—Curtis's Guide, Gen. 415. 4.

Black shining, clothed with short depressed ochreous hairs,
thickly and minutely punctured. Antennz with 2 or 3 of the
apical joints more or less fulvous. Thorax with a large fovea on
each side, and one in the centre at the base, with a deep trans-
verse channel, the angles acuminated. Elytra emarginated at
the apex, the points short, with 4 sinuated and interrupted
orange-coloured fascie, the basal one divided longitudinally at
the shoulder, and the 4th not touching the apex. Tibie and
tarsi clothed with ochreous pubescence.

Tue hatchet-shaped palpi distinguish Toxotus from Leptura,
and this Genus has not the sides of the thorax tuberculated,
excepting slightly in Z.. elongata, the male of which species is
also remarkable for the singular structure of the posterior tibie.

The larvee of the Lepturz live in wood, and the Beetles are either found
in the trunks of trees or upon flowers.

1. L. elongata DeG.—Don. 3. pl. 84. f. 4. Very common
on umbelliferous plants in May, June and July.

2. L. attenuata Linn.—Oliv. 4. No. 73. pl. 1. f. 8. Rare; in
June I believe at Darent.

3. L.4-fasciata Linn.—Sam. pl.2. f-26.— Oliv. pl.2. f.17. July
and August, umbelliferous plants; Colney Hatch, and
in decayed trees on marshes at Horning, Norfolk.

4. L. apicalis Haw. Mss.—Curtis’s Brit. Ent. pl. 362.

Rare at Windsor, the New Forest, and New Lanark, Scotland, H. Walker,
Esq. This species is more robust than No. 3, and the bars are of a fine
orange colour; yet I cannot think that it is any more than the female, or
a variety of it, or it may bea hybrid between that insect and the following,
which sometimes has the antenne black, at others entirely orange.

5. L. aurulenta Fab.— Panz. 90. 5. First taken by Miss Hill
in meadows near Bideford, afterwards by Capt. Blomer
on the banks of the 'Torridge, and also in decayed trees
in the New Forest.

6. L. revestita Linn.—villica Panz. 22.13. June, stump of an
apple-tree, Windsor, and Colney Hatch.

7. L. virens Linn.—Panz. 69.13. Recorded as British.

8. L.scutellata Fab.—Panz. 69.15. June, Epping Forest; and
in the same month and in August I found a consider-
able number dead under the bark of a decayed beech-
tree in the New Forest.

9. L. tomentosa Fab.— Oliv. pl. 2.f-13.c. June, climbing up
grass near Haslar Hospital, Waller Clifton, Esq.

10. L. sanguinolenta Linn.—Don. 16. 557.—Panz. 69. 8°.
June, in gardens at Norwich, and Bungay, Suffolk.

11. L.melanura Linn.—Panz. 69.19. 2. June and July.

12. L. nigra Linn.—Panz. 69. 18.—b. June, near Lyndhurst.

13. L. levis Fab.—Panz. 34.15. June and July, common.

14. L.preeusta Fab.— Panz. 34.16. May and June, New Forest,
J. C. Dale, Esq. ; and August, out of the beech.

15. L. femorata Fab.— Oliv. tab. 2. f.15.—varians Meg. June,
flowers, Darent and New Forest, J. C. Dale, Esq.

16. L. pallipes Curt. Guide, 415.15. Length 3 lines. Slender, —
slate-coloured, clothed with very short ochreous hairs,
thickly punctured: mouth, antenne, and legs, except-
ing the coxa, bright ochre. ‘The only specimen I have
ever seen I took in Norfolk in 1809.

17. L. ruficornis Fab.— Ahr. 12.12. June and July, common.

18. L. sexeuttata Fab.— Panz.69. 22. June, Darent and Birch.

19. L. livida Fab.— Oliv. t.4.f. 50. June and July, common.

20. L. Pachyta collaris, Linn.—Oliv.t.4.f. 44. May and June,
Bexley, Mr. Samouelle; Herefordshire, Mr. Newman.

21. L. octomaculata Fab.—Don. 10. 353. 2. June.

22. L. Lamed Linn.—Don. 11. 395. 2.—Panz. 22.11. In
Drury’s Cabinet.

The plant is Scufellaria minor (Less Scull-cap). Communi-
cated by the Hon. C. A. Harris.

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DONACIA TYPH.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Crioceride.
Type of the Genus, Donacia crassipes Fab.

Donacia Fab., Gyl., Hoppe, Panz., Lat., Curt.—Leptura Linn., Mars.
Antenne inserted nearly in front of the face, approximating,
slightly thickened towards the apex, longer than the head and
thorax, pubescent, 11-jointed, basal joint the stoutest and ovate,
2nd the shortest, the remainder more or less clavate, 5rd as long
as the Ist, 4th longer, 5th generally the longest, the remainder
sometimes slightly decreasing in length, apical joint a little acu-
minated at the apex (6).

Labrum semicircular, ciliated in front (1).

Mandibles semilunate, very acute at the apex, one finely serrated
on the inside (2*), the other bifid, having 2 long sharp teeth at
the apex, and a small one on the inside, below which is a mem-
branous ciliated margin (2).

Mazville short and broad, terminated by an orbicular articulated
lobe, very pilose at the apex and internally, a large ovate lobe
on the inside also densely ciliated. Palpi longer than the maxil-
lary, triarticulate, basal joint stout, 2nd smaller, both rhomboidal,
3rd elongated compressed and glandular at the apex (8).
Mentum broader than the lip, horny at the base. Labium sub-
cordate, large and pilose at the apex, with a fleshy margin be-
neath. /Palpi triarticulate, inserted near the middle of the lip,
2 first joints subovate, the 2nd producing a few long bristles ex-
ternally, 3rd as long as the other two, conical compressed and
having a gland at the apex (4).

Head narrower than the thorax, suborbicular : eyes small but prominent,
lateral and globose. ‘Thorax cylindric-quadrate, the angles more or
less acute. Elytra twice as broad as the thorax, linear, attenuated
and sometimes trigonate at the apex, which is emarginate. Wings
ample. Thighs clavate, posterior the longest, stout and denticulated
beneath in some, especially the males. 'Tibiz, posterior crooked, fre-
quently serrated inside towards the apex: tarsi short, broad and 4-
jointed, 2 basal joints obtrigonate, 3rd bilobed, 4th clavate: claws
curved acute (5+, hind leq).

Obs. The dissections are from D. cincta Germ.

Tyruz Ahr.—Gyll.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 417. 20.
Green, more or less brassy, clothed with fine grey silky pu-
bescence, excepting the thorax and elytra: antenne black, base
of the joints ferruginous, 5th joint the longest ; head with a short
deep channel between the eyes, very thickly and minutely punc-
tured, as well as the thorax which is oblong-quadrate, the sides
notched, with a depressed line down the back; scutellum black:
elytra very finely striated transversely, with numerous lines of
deep punctures confused at the base and apex, the external angle
being slightly produced ; a broad space down the back is gene-
rally rosy with an irregular stripe of blue on each side the su-
ture: legs eneous black, posterior thighs not stouter than the
others and without teeth, pale ferruginous at the base, the tips
and base and sometimes the inside of the tibiz of the same colour.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

/6

Tue Donaciz are elegant in form and brilliant in colour: they
walk slowly, fall when approached, and take wing in hot wea-
ther. From recent observations, it is supposed that the larvee
live in the stems of aquatic plants. A contributor to Loudon’s
Magazine of Natural History has found egg-shaped transpa-
rent brown cocoons of D. micans?, containing the perfect
beetle, in the stems of Arundo Phragmites, close to the root,
and immersed in the water or mud; and Messrs. Kirby and
Spence observe that “the cocoon of D. fasciata? (probably
D. Typha) is fastened by one side to the roots or surculi of

Typha latifolia.”

‘The Donaciz are confined to northern latitudes, and this
country is very rich in species.
A. Posterior thighs toothed near the apex. Gzy/.

1. crassipes #.—micans Mar.—On Sagittaria sagittifolia.

2. cincta Germ.—clavipes #.—B. August, Bungay Common,
Suffolk, on Nuphar lutea.

3. dentata Hoppe, f- 2.—bidens Gyl.—B. August, Bungay

Common, Suffolk, on a Potamogeton.
angustata Kunz.—bidens Ol. 4. No. 75. pl. 2. f. 12.—
‘© Wandsworth Common, and banks of the Thames.”

5. melanocephala Mar. 348. 18.—Sparganii Ahr.?—May,
aquatic plants; common in Norfolk.

6. Lemnze 7.—Pz. 29. 11 & 12.—June, on Iris Pseudacorus
and Sallows, Norfolk. “ Mr. Jeffreys has observed it
on the leaves of Typha lutzfolia, feeding on a black spe-
cies of Aphis.”

7. dentipes #.— Pz. 29. 5.—June, upon the Jris and Salix
viminalis : also on flowers of Caltha, and grasses.

8. Sagittariee /.—Pz. 29.7 & 8.—June, on the Jris, in Norf.

9. brevicornis Kunz.— Gyl. 4. 674.—“ Near Bristol.”

10. obscura Gyl. 3. 654.—“ Near Windsor, and in Somerset.”

11. thalassina Ger.—Gyl. 4. 675.—“ Near Bristol.”

12. impressa Gyl. 3. 655.—“ Kensington Gardens, New Fo-
rest, and Suffolk.”

13. sericea L.—Pz. 29. 2.3.4. 6 & 9.—Everywhere in ditches.

14. micans Ahr. in Nov. Act. Hall. 1. 3. 28. 11.

15. rustica Schu.— Hopp. f. 8 & 9.3 ¢.—Plants, in ditches,
Halvergate, Norfolk, and Greenwich.

16. nigra F.— Pz. 29. 10.—M. June, on reeds, Isle of Wight,

B. Thighs unarmed. Gy/.

17. Menyanthedis F.—Pz. 29. 13.—On Iris, Norfolk; June,
rushes, side of canal, Oxford.

18. simplex /.—Pz. 29. 14.—June, July, ditches, Norfolk.

19. linearis Hopp.—Pz. 29. 15.—May and June, Norfolk.

20. Typhe dhr.—Curt. B. E. pl. 494.—Taken by S. Suli-
van, Esq., at Fulham; b. July, Rougham, Suffolk, EK. Ben-
net, Esq.; and b. June, off leaves of Typha.

21. Hydrocheridis F.— Pz. 29. 16 & 17.—B. June, rushes,
New Forest, and on a bank in Suffolk, J. C.

The Plantis 7ypha latifolia (Great Cat’s-tail or Reed-mace).

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MACROPLEA EQUISETI.

OrveER Coleoptera. Fam. Crioceridxe, Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus, Donacia Zostere Fab.

Macropuea Hoff., Sam.—Hemonia Meg., Lat.—Rhagium & Donacia
Fab., Panz.
Antenne inserted in front of the face, approximating, as long as
the body, subfiliform, 11-jointed, basal joint robust ovate, 2nd
and 3rd small, subglobose, 4th elongate-obovate, 5th and 6th
rather longer, the remainder sensibly longer and attenuated (6).
Labrum thin, somewhat semiorbicular and ciliated (1).
Mandibles small, semilunulate, being very convex externally and
acute at the apex, with a membranous margin below the middle,
above which there is a notch in one of them only (2).
Mazxille small, terminated by a broad curved lobe, pubescent at
the extremity, a smaller and shorter lobe on the inside, pubes-
cent also. Palpi rather short and very robust, 4-jointed, basal
joint very short, 2nd and 3rd trapeziform, 4th much longer, sub-
ovate, slightly pilose on the inside (3).
Mentum transverse, short, the sides rounded. Labium membra-
nous and semiovate. Palpi inserted upon 2 large fixed scapes,
short, very robust, and biarticulate, basal joint subtrigonate, 2nd
subovate, ciliated on the inside, the apex a little produced (4).
Head narrower than the thoraz, a little produced beneath. Eyes lateral,
small, orbicular and rather prominent. Thorax subquadrate, the
sides indented, the angles a little produced. Scutellum triangular.,
Elytra elongate-ovate, mucronated at the apex. Wings ample. Legs
alike in both sexes, long, hinder thighs long, but not incrassated.
Tibie simple, the hinder pair the longest and crooked. ‘Tarsi long,
4-jointed, \st and 2nd joints oblong, 3rd very small, somewhat cup-
shaped, 4th very long and clavate. Claws strong bent and acute (5).

Eguiseri Fab. Supp. p. 128.—Curtis’s Guide, Genus 418, 2.

Male shorter than the female. Smooth ochreous. Antenne
fuscous, the tips of each joint whitish, silvery-glaucous beneath.
Head black but hoary, the face concave, with a deep channel
between the eyes. Thorax with a ferruginous tint in the middle,
longer than broad, the posterior angles acuminated, a shallow
and uneven channel down the centre, and an oblong black ma-
cula on each side. Scutellum black. Elytra acutely mucronated
at the apex ; the suture and both sides of it (below the Ist punc-
tured stria which is abbreviated) black ; 5 double black rows of
large punctures on each, some of them uniting before the apex,
and not black at the extremity. Legs with a slight ferruginous
tinge, ist and 2nd joints piceous on the back and apex, 3rd en-
tirely piceous, 4th piceous near the apex. Claws castaneous,
Underside silvery glaucous.

In the Cabinets of the British Museum and Mr, Jenyns.

TuEsx insects, like the Donaciz from which they have been
separated, are fond of aquatic plants; both species are rare,
and may be distinguished from the Donaciz by the very mi-
nute penultimate joint of the tarsi, and the great length of the
terminal one: the mucronated elytra, their colour, and the
manner in which they are punctured, are characters totally
different to the British Donaciz. I shall only observe re-
specting the trophi, that I could not discover that the mandi-
bles were bifid at the apex.
1. M. Zosteree Fab. Syst. Eleut.—Gyll. 4. p. 683, 17.—Ahr.
Jase. 12. pl. 14.—muticum Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 2.
p- 306, ”. 11.

About half the size of the following species. Smooth,
ochraceous. Head excepting the trophi, black and hoary
with 2 elevated lines between the eyes, forming a deep fovea.
Antennz brown, the underside of the 3 first, and the tips of
all the other joints ochreous. Thorax not longer than broad,
a fine channel down the centre, and an oblique brown line on
each side. Scutellum black. Elytra pale ochreous, shining,
acutely acuminated at the apex (sometimes with an additional
minute tooth), the suture black, and each side below the Ist
punctured stria, which is abbreviated; 3 double and 1 single
rows of black punctures, and 3 rows not black, less strong
and regular than in M. Equiseti. ‘The tarsi similarly spotted
but fainter. Underside silvery glaucous.

Excepting in size there is so little to distinguish this from
the following species, that I think our specimens at least are
only varieties, for I have never seen an example with biden-
tated elytra as described by Fabricius and Gyllenhal. This
pretty insect was first discovered in Britain, I believe, by Mr.
Spence, who took it in June upon aquatic plants at Kingston-
upon- Hull, Yorkshire; it was soon after taken on the banks
of the Yare between Thorpe and Norwich, the 14th June,
1811; the Rev. T. Skrimshire met with it near Burnham, and:
afterwards near Wells in Norfolk, the 29th of May, in salt
water ditches. It is said also to inhabit the Horned Pond-
weed (Zannichellia palustris).

2. M. Equiseti Fab.—Curt. B. E. pl. 318.—appendiculata
Panz. 24. 17.—Zosterze Gyll. 3. p. 669.

For the loan of this fine insect I am indebted to the Rev.
L. Jenyns; a pair were taken in the spring by Professor
Henslow, whilst fishing for shells, upon floating weeds in a
brook running into the Cam at Backsbite near Cambridge.

A * has been erroneously attached to this species in the
‘Guide,’ but I do not possess it.

The plant is Equisetum arvense (Cornfield Horsetail).

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323.
CRIOCERIS PUNCTICOLLIS.

OrbeEr Coleoptera. Fam. Crioceridz Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus, Chrysomela Asparagi Linn.

Crioceris Geof., Oliv., Lat., Panz.—Lema Fab., Panz., Gyl.—Au-
chenia Mars.—Chrysomela Linn., Don.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, longer than the thorax, straight
and submoniliform, pubescent, | 1-jointed, basal joint not larger
than the 3rd, the 2nd small subglobose depressed, 3rd rather
longer than the 4th, the remainder of equal size, oblong, ter-
minal joint the longest and conical (6).
Labrum suborbicular, straight at the base, and slightly notched
at the middle of the anterior margin which is ciliated with strong
bristles (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, curved, bifid at the apex and ciliated on
the internal side below the middle, where there is a tooth in
one (2).
Maxille producing 2 lobes, densely clothed with pubescence at
their extremities, external one articulated and curved. Palpi
not extending much beyond the lobes, 4-jointed, basal joint mi-
nute, 2nd robust subtrigonate, 3rd rhomboidal, 4th elongate-
oval (3).
Mentum transverse, curved, narrowed anteriorly and concave in
front. Lip suborbicular, with a groove down the middle, ciliated
in front. Palpi arising near the anterior angles, short, triar-
ticulate, basal joint subglobose depressed, 2nd subobtrigonate,
3rd a little longer ovate, terminated by a vesicle (4).

Head nutant, collar distinct. Eyes small but prominent, emarginate on
the inside. Thorax cylindrical, the sides sometimes incised. Scu-
tellum minute. Coleoptera elongate-ovate, much broader than the
thorax. Wings ample. Legs rather robust. Thighs incrassated.
Tibiz curved, simple. Tarsi 4-jointed, cushioned beneath, 2 basal
joints obtrigonate, 3rd bilobed, 4th long clavate. Claws simple bent
and acute (5).

Puncricouiuis Spence MSS.—Curtis’s Guide, Genus 420. n. 3.
Cyaneous, shining. Antenne dull black, excepting the basal
joint. Eyes deeply emarginate. Head punctured, with a channel
on the back part. Thorax incised and punctured, excepting a
narrow elevated space in the middle, between 2 thickly punc-
tured lines ; towards the base is a transverse impression, with a
large puncture in the centre. Elytra with 9 punctured striz on
each, the sutural one furcate at the base. Tarsi black.

Obs. The head and thorax sometimes have a violaceous, and the
elytra a greenish tint.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue larve of these insects are of a dirty colour, and are ren-
dered more disgusting by being covered with their excrement,
to protect them from heat and cold: they live upon the leaves
of vegetables, and are frequently in great abundance, especially
those of the type, which can scarcely have escaped the notice
of the cultivators of the Asparagus. An interesting history of
their economy is given by Latreille in the 11th volume of the
Histoire Naturelle, p. 324; and figures of the larvae, &c. in
Roesel, vol. ii. class 3, tab. 4.
Our species may be thus arranged :—

I. Thorax incised on the sides.
1. C. Merdigera Linn.—Fab.—Panz. 45. 2.—Sam. pl. 2.
» 14,

Inhabits the white and other Lilies in the gardens of Europe,
and has been imported into England with those flowers. I
found it in vast abundance in every state, the beginning of last
June, upon the Lilium candidum in the Botanic Garden at
Rennes.

2. C. puncticollis Sp.—Curtis Brit. Ent. pl. 323.

This insect was discovered by Mr. Spence many years since.
I have invariably found it upon Thistles in Norfolk and Suf-
folk; but at Bexley it is found in sand-pits from July to Sep-
tember. If Gyllenhal’s female of C. cyanella be intended for
this insect (and I think it is), he is mistaken; for I have taken
both in pairs, and have never found the common one upon
Thistles. Mr. Spence’s insect is much larger, the thorax is
differently formed and sculptured, and the elytra are not so
deeply punctured as in the following species.

II. Thorax not incised.

3. C. cyanella Linn.—Panz. 71.1.

Very common under the bark of Willows in Norfolk: also

on grass in June, July, and August.

4. C. obscura Steph.

I have taken this insect twice in Norfolk.

5. C. Melanopa Linn.—Panz. 91. 12.—Middle of May,
under the cliffs at Covehithe, Suffolk, and skirts of
woods, July, August, and September.

6. C. Asparagi Linn.—Don. 1. 28.—Panz. 71. 2.—May,
end of June, and September, upon the Asparagus :
very common in Norfolk.

7. C. 12-punctata Linn.—Panz. 45. 3.

Found upon the Asparagus in June and July, but is very

rare in England.

The plant is Carduus acanthoides (Welted 'Thistle).

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127

CASSIDA SALICORNIZ.
The Samphire Tortoise-Beetle.

OrpeErR Coleoptera. Fam. Chrysomelide Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Cassida viridis Fab.

Cassipa Linn., Fab., Lat., Marsh., &c.

Antenne subclavate, inserted in front of the head, between the
eyes, | 1-jointed, basal joint long clavate, covered by the thorax,
znd globose, 3rd longer than the following, the last 5 being
more robust and pubescent than the former, terminal joint
ovate-conic (fig. 6).

Labrum naked, cordate, truncated at the base, anterior margin
membranous (1).

Mandibles somewhat ovate obtuse, with three teeth (sometimes
blunt) at the extremity (2).

Maxille small, internal lobe membranous minute, external horny
pilose. Palpi much longer than the maxille, 4-jointed, basal joint
minute, 2nd longer clavate, 3rd short, 4th longer pear-shaped
(5). Mentum small. Palpi large, arising from two large scapes,
2-jointed, basal joint clavate, 2nd elongate-conic (4).

Head small, concealed above by the thorax. Eyes lateral. Thorax
somewhat triangular. Scutellum distinct. Coleoptra shield-shaped.
Wings long. Legs short, scarcely extending beyond the thorax and
elytra. Tibie simple. Tarsi hairy, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd
bilobed, 3rd large bilobed, 4th not extending beyond the 3rd. Claws
small (5, a fore leg).

Larve broad, short, depressed, with six feet, spined down the sides, tail
forked recurved.

Pupe broad, and flat, thorax very dilated, flat and serrated appendages
down the sides. Reaum. vol. 3. pl. 18.

Saticorniz Nobis.

Male dull greyish ochre, finely shagreened. Thorax smooth,
sparingly punctured, having a somewhat reticulated appearance,
round the semi-transparent margin. Scutellum triangular,
sparingly punctured. Elytra with a broad space down the suture
brownish, next to which is a broad stripe of metallic green, not
extending to the apex. Beneath black, a broad margin round
the abdomen ochraceous. Legs entirely ochraceous, Tarsi and
Claws inclining slightly to ferruginous. Antenne ochraceous,
basal and four terminal joints fuscous.

Female smaller, without the vivid green stripe upon the elytra.
Skrimshire’s MS.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Skrimshire and the Author.

Tuis extensive genus contains some of the most brilliant
exotic insects, and of the most extraordinary forms. Their
economy is remarkable, and may be investigated by any one
who will take the trouble to search the common thistles or
horse-mint, upon which the two first species in our list feed in
their larva state, and they will be amused and greatly assisted
in their researches by consulting the 3rd vol. of Reaumur, the
Linnean Transactions, and the Introduction to Entomology.

Our British species, as is frequently the case, cannot vie
with the extra-EKuropean in brilliancy, although we possess a
considerable number, most of them being either green or
brown, with the exception of two or three, which when alive
exhibit a most beautiful metallic appearance, which we regret
cannot be done justice to in a coloured engraving.

1 C.equestris F.—viridis Marsh., Panz. 9C.vittata Fab.

96. 5. 10 anglica nob.—reticularis Wil-
2 viridis F., Panz. 96. 4.—similis Marsh. kin, Steph.
3 liriophora Kirby, Linn. Trans. v.3.p.8. 11 margaritacea F.—mutabilis
4 sanguinolenta F.—cruentata Don. 2. Vill. t. 1. fe 1.

632 2.13- 12 = Salicorniz nob.
5 marcida Sam. Ent. Comp. 13 nobilis L., Gyll., Don.4. 138.1.
6 obsoleta JU., Gyll.—ferruginea Marsh. 2.3.—var.splendidula Marsh.
7 nebulosa L.—affinis F., Scheff.Ic.27.4. 14 Spergule Marsh.—viridula
8 maculata L., Don. 8. 285.—murrea L. Payk.

The most striking character in C. Salicornia, which holds
in both sexes, is the totally pale thighs, which are black at
the base in C. nobilis, and a much broader pale margin round
the abdomen of the male than in that species as described by
Gyllenhal, who has given the C. splendidula of Marsh. as a
variety of C. nobilis, varying in the colour and form of the
metallic stripe. It may be here remarked, that after death
these beautiful stripes disappear, but it is stated that they may
be restored by immersion in hot water; with regard to our
species also, the antennze become fuscous towards the extre-
mity, as well as the tarsi and apex of the tibize.

The species we have called C. anglica is small, orbicular,
and after death retains the pretty green colour it is possessed
of when alive: under a lens it is reticulated, which gave rise
to the name it has been known by hitherto in the London
and Norfolk collections, but which cannot be retained, having
been already employed by Fabricius for a very different species.

The Rev. T. Skrimshire kindly communicated the sexes of
this beautiful insect, which died before I received them; and
as I despaired of ever obtaining living specimens, the plant
upon which they were found in May and June, and intended
to accompany them, was published in the 119th plate; that now
introduced is Cochlearia Danica (Danish Scurvy-grass) which
I gathered this spring at Southwold, on the coast of Suffolk.

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371.
GALERUCA VIBURNI.

OrveER Coleoptera. Fam. Galerucide.

Type of the Genus, Chrysomela Tanaceti Linn.

Gateruca Geof., Lat., Fab., Gyl., Sam., Curt.—Crioceris Fab., Mars.
—Auchenia Mars.—Chrysomela Linn., Forst., Mars.
Antenne inserted at the base of the clypeus, never so long as the
body, filiform and pubescent ; 11-jointed, basal joint subclavate,
the stoutest and rather the longest, 2nd the smallest, the re-
mainder sometimes decreasing in length to the apex (6).
Eabrum transverse, semiorbicular, scarcely indented in the cen-
tre, with a few bristles on the anterior margin (1).
Mandibles very convex externally, the inside concave and pro-
ducing a large fleshy lobe, tridentate at the apex (2).
Maziile with an ovate lobe furnished with spines at the apex ;
external lobe narrower, attenuated, curved and spined at the
apex (3).
Mentum trigonate, truncated before. Lip small, suborbicular.
Palpi small attached on each side towards the middle, triarticu-
late, basal joint minute, 2nd subtrigonate, 3rd conical (4).
Head transverse. Eyes rather prominent. Thorax transverse, the
sides more or less conver. Scutellum generally obtuse at the apex.
Elytra ovate or elliptical. Wings ample. Abdomen of the female
sometimes very large and extending beyond the elytra. Thighs stout.
Tibie thickened towards the apex, which is bristly. Tarsi broad and
cushioned beneath, 5-jointed, 1st and 2nd joints obtrigonate, the
former the longest, 3rd bilobed, 4th very minute and indistinct, 5th
slender clavate. Claws small, acute and simple (5, a fore leg).
Larva somewhat lanceolate, composed of many annulations, spined and
brown, with 6 pectoral feet. Pupa ochreous. Roeselv. 2. Class 3. t. 5.

Visurni Fayk.— Mars. 224. 13.—Curt. Guide, G. 424. 4.
Pale castaneous, densely clothed with short, depressed shining
griseous hair, and minutely and thickly punctured: antenne
black, excepting the base of each joint: eyes and a rhombiform
spot in front of the head black: thorax broader than the head, a
depressed channel down the centre and the margins brown : ely-
tra convex and much broader than the thorax : scutellum and
shoulders brown: tibie with the external edge and the tarsi
brown.
In the Author's and other Cabinets.

Tue obconic joints of the antenne distinguish the Galerucz
from Adimonia and Luperus, and the 3rd joint is as long as
the succeeding ones.

The following are British species.

1. G. Tanaceti Linn.—Panz. 102. 2.—Sam. pl. 2. f. 18.

A common species inhabiting the north and south of En-
gland. It is found in May, June, September, and October,
in chalk-pits, and on sand-hills near the sea; it sometimes fre-
quents the ears of barley. Mr. R. Wood, of Manchester, sent
me some curious brown varieties from the garden of Thomas
Hall, Esq., of Stafford.

2. G. rustica Fab.—Panz. 102. 1.

June and 18th July Whittlesea Mere, on plants in meadows.
3. G. Crateegi Forst.— Mars. 228.23.—sanguinea Panz. 102.8.

May, whitethorn-bushes.

4. G. Viburni Pk.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 371.

The breadth and convexity of this species distinguish it
from the following, and the black stripe on the tibize is a va-
luable character, but unnoticed.

June, sandy places, Bexley. Dry woods near Swansea,
L. W. Dillwyn, Esq. Middlemarsh woods, middle of August,
J. C. Dale, Esq. It is said to be found upon the Guelder
Rose (Viburnum Opulus).

5. G. Caprese Linn.—Panz. 102. 7. _

May, June, and end of August, on Willows, Alders, and
aquatic plants.

6. G. Nympheze Linn.—Panz. 102. 6.—The G. marginalis of
my ‘* Guide” is a variety only.

May and June, aquatic plants.

7. G. Sagittarize Gyll. Ins. Suec. 3. 511. 8.

Inhabits the common Arrow-head (Sagittaria sagittifolia),
and other aquatic plants. Gy/l.

8. G. Calmariensis Linn.—Lythri Gyl.

May and beginning of June, on Lytkrum Salicaria (pl. 289),
and other aquatic plants.

9. G. lineola Fab.—Panz. 102. 5.

On Willows and aquatic plants, common.

10. G. xanthomeleena Schr. ?—Calmariensis Fab.— Lat.—
Gyl. 3. 508. 6.
Feeds on the leaves of Elm-trees. Gyll.
11. G. tenella Linn.—Panz. 102. 9.
Marshes, on Alders and Willows, in July.

The Plant is Veronica serpyllifolia (Smooth Speedwell).

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366.
ADIMONIA QUADRIMACULATA.

Orpver Coleoptera. Fam. Galerucide.

Type of the Genus, Chrysomela halensis Linn.

Aprwonta Schr., Sam., Curt.—Galeruca Lat., Fab., Gyl.—Crioceris
Fab., Panz.—Auchenia Marsh.—Chrysomela Linn., Marsh.
Antenne inserted between the eyes, approximating, not so long
as the body, filiform, 11-jointed, pubescent, excepting the 3 first
joints, and pilose, basal and 4th joints the longest, the former
the stoutest, clavate, 2nd and 3rd the shortest, 4th a little
longer than the following, somewhat elongate-obconic, terminal
joint not longer than the penultimate, conical (6).

Labrum semiorbicular, deeply notched, with a few short bristles
in front and a long one on each side (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate, convex, one having 3, the other 4 teeth
at the apex; internal margin ciliated (2).

Mazille short, terminated by two distinct lobes, the internal one
densely ciliated with short bristles at the apex, twice as broad as
the external lobe, which is furnished at the apex with a few long
bristles. Palpi rather stout, 4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd
longer subtrapezate, 3rd the largest, pilose, pyriform-truncate,
4th not larger than the 2nd, conical (3).

Mentum transverse. Lip thick fleshy and rounded. Palpi short,
considerably smaller than the maxillary, remote triarticulate,
basal joint short, 2nd robust somewhat trigonate-globose pilose,
3rd smaller conical (4).

Head short and small. Eyes rather prominent. Thorax transverse,
broader than the head, sides with a narrow margin. Scutellum tri-
gonate. Elytra considerably broader than the thorax and rounded
at the aper. Wings ample. Abdomen large in the females. Thighs
alike. 'Tibie simple. Tarsi densely clothed with pile beneath, 5-jointed,
basal joint long, elongate-obtrigonate, 3rd bilobed, 4th minute, 5th
nearly as long as the basal joint, clavate. Claws small and acute (5).

QuaprimacuLata Linn. Faun. Suec. 173. 571.—Curtis’s Guide,
Gen. 425. 3.
Smooth shining, bright ochreous : antenne and legs pubescent :
eyes and base of the head black, with a strong longitudinal groove :
thorax with a transverse impression at the base, and an indistinct
fovea on each side: elytra irregularly punctured, with 2 black
spots at the base, and 2 beyond the middle, much larger, some-
times extending nearly to the apex: postpectus and abdomen
black: antenne towards their extremities, and the tarsi some-
times dusky.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tuis little group seems to connect Galeruca and Luperus, and
as the three species which it comprises associate remarkably
well, I think they ought to be separated from Galeruca, al-
though they are at present included in that genus by Latreille.
The Adimoniz are distinguished by the shortness and nearly
equal length of the 2nd and 3rd joints of the antennz, by a
narrower thorax, a triangular scutellum, and a differently
formed labrum.
I shall describe our British species.

1. A. Alni Linn. F. S. 511.—Marsh. 172. 7.—Panz. 102. 3.
34 lines long. Much broader than the following: vio-
laceous or deep blue, punctured: antennz and eyes
black: head with a small deep fovea in front: thorax
short, rather broadest at the base: elytra broad and
large, finely and thickly punctured: legs blackish.

This Insect is very rare in England, although abundant in
Sweden and I believe also in France. It feeds on the leaves
of the Alder, and is supposed to have been found in May.

2. A. halensis Lznn. Syst. Nat. 2. 589. 20.—Marsh. 177. 18.
—nigricornis Fab.—Panz. 91. 9.
3 lines long. Smooth, shining, ochreous, irregularly
punctured: antennze and eyes black; a puncture or
short groove in the middle of the face; the base of the
head green: thorax short, with an impression down
the middle and a distinct fovea on each side, also a
black or violaceous spot on each side beneath: scutel-
lum black: elytra bright green, sometimes blue and
strongly punctured : tarsi and tips of tibiz blackish.
This beautiful insect is sometimes very abundant, and is
found upon the furze, grass, &c. in hedges, meadows, and on
heaths, from the end of July to the end of October.

3. A. 4-maculata Linn.—Curtis B. E. pl. 366.—bimaculata
Panz. 48.16, but I never saw a specimen with the an-
tennze so short.

This fine species was I believe first discovered by Miss Hill,
near Richmond; it was afterwards taken by the late Mr. Scales
at Halvergate in Norfolk, and I took it in company with Mr.
Dale at Whittlesea Mere. It inhabits rushes and other aquatic
plants in ditches from the end of June to the middle of July.

The Plant is Allium ursinum (Ramsons).

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370.
LUPERUS BRASSIC.

Orpver Coleoptera. Fam. Galerucide.

Type of the Genus, Chrysomela flavipes Linn.

Lurervus Geof., Oliv., Lat., Sam., Curt—Altica Panz.—Crioceris
Fab., Panz., Mars.—Auchenia Mars.—Galleruca Gyl.—Chryso-
mela Linn.

Antenne approximating, inserted in the centre of the face, as
long as the body in the female, longer in the male, filiform, pu-
bescent, 1]-jointed, basal joint robust, 2nd short, 3rd not much
longer than the 2nd, 4th and remainder very long, slightly en-
larged at the apex, the terminal joint acute (6),

Labrum transverse, anterior angles rounded, producing a few
bristles, with a small lobe in the centre (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate, external margin convex, acute at the
apex, with asmall tooth below, the internal margin membranous
and pubescent (2).

Mazille with a large oval internal lobe, having a dense brush
of curved hair at the apex: external lobe narrower, obtuse, pro-
ducing a few bristles at the apex. Palpi rather stout and 4-
jointed, basal joint small, 2nd trapezate, 3rd the largest subcla-
vate-truncate, 4th conical and pilose (3).

Mentum small subquadrate, the anterior margin and the sides
concave. Lip comparatively large, oval and fleshy. Palpi in-
serted on each side of the lip towards the middle, short triarti-
culate, basal joint very minute, 2nd stout obconic, 3rd smaller
subovate (4).

Males smaller than the females. Head nearly or quite as broad as the
thorax. Eyes rather prominent. Thorax slightly transverse, ihe
sides rounded. Scutellum minute. Elytra elliptical. Wings ample.
Thighs equally thick. Tibie simple, hinder slightly curved. ‘Tarsi
rather long, very pubescent beneath and 4-jointed, basal joint much
longer than the 2nd, except in the anterior pair, 3rd joint bilobed,
4th clavate. Claws bent and acute, with a tooth near the base (5,
a fore leg).

Obs. the dissections and characiers are from L. rufipes.

Brassicmz Panz. 2]. 18.—Curtis’s Guide, Gen. 426, 3.—suturella III.
—circumfusa Mars.—Spartii Ent. Heft.
Black, shining: antenne not much longer in the male than
female, 2nd and 3rd joints nearly of equal length, the 3 basal
joints ochreous: thorax with the anterior portion ochreous, form-
ing 3 lobes : elytra sparingly and faintly punctured, with a broad,
pile ochreous stripe on each: 4 anterior legs with the tibie and
the tips of the thighs dull ochreous.

In the Author’s and other Cabi~-ts.

TuEsE insects considerably resemble the Haltice in habit,
particularly in their long and slender antennz, but the poste-
rior thighs are not incrassated. They are also nearly related
to the Adimoniz (pl. 366); but besides essential differences
in the structure of the labrum and mandibles, the joints of the
antennee, especially of the males, are greatly elongated, with
the exception of the 3 basal joints, the 2nd also is generally
shorter than the 3rd.
This little genus contains 3 British species.

1. L. rufipes Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 2. p. 10. n. 39.—Panz.
32. 5.—longicornis Fab. mas.—flavipes var. Payk.

2 lines to 2} long. Bluish black, shining: antenne very
long in the male, fuscous, 3 or 4 basal joints ochreous: elytra
thickly and minutely punctured: legs ochraceous, 4 posterior
thighs black at the base, and sometimes the anterior also.

Found in May, on Hazels, &c.: beginning of June, Oaks
Parley Copse and New Forest; end of June and beginning of
July on the underside of the leaves of Sallows: also near
Swansea.

2. L. flavipes Linn. S. N. 2. 601. 106.—Panz. 32. 4.

14 line to 2} long. Blue black, shining: antennze fuscous,
the 3 basal joints generally ochreous: thorax ochraceous: ely-
tra faintly, but thickly punctured: legs ochreous, base of the
thighs and tips of the tarsi piceous.

Found in damp woods, on bushes; Shooter’s Hill; end of
June and beginning of July, feeding on the underside of hazel
leaves, Ambleside; also near Swansea.

3. L. Brassicee Panz.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 370.

Panzer having published this insect in 1795, I have adopted
his name. Taken by Mr. Wailes near Newcastle ; on a furze-
bush in Norfolk; and Mr. Millard used to find it near Bristol
on the same plant; by Mr. Dale on Parley Heath and Copse,
and near Stafford, Dorset; near Swansea, by Mr. Dillwyn.
It is found from the middle of June to the middle of August.

I discovered a pretty species in July, 1830, upon grass at
the summit of the Puy de Dome, in Auvergne; and as I think
that it may occur on some of our Welsh mountains I shall
describe it, lest it should be overlooked: at a considerably
less elevation I took the Chrysomela cerealis, which has been
found on Snowdon.

L. montanus Curt. MSS.—1$ line long. Green shining: an-
tennz fuscous, 3 basal joints ochreous: thorax ochre-
ous: elytra thickly and strongly punctured: legs, in-
cluding the cox, entirely bright ochre.

The Plant is Orchis Morio (Meadow Orchis).

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630.
ALTICA OCHRIPES.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Chrysomelidee.—Galerucite Lat.
Type of the Genus, Chrysomela Nemorum Linn.

Attica Geoff., Oliv., Iil., Lat.—Haltica Gyll., Curt.—Saltatrices I1l.

Antenne inserted a little before the eyes, on each side the cly-
peus, rather shorter than the insect, filiform, compressed, pube-
scent, 11-jointed, basal joint elongate-clavate, curved, 2nd glo-
bose, 3rd cup-shaped, 4th dilated very large, the remainder
oblong, slightly increasing in length, the apical joint being
nearly as long as the Ist (6), 2ndand 3rd joints ovate in the
female, the remainder considerably elongated, especially the 4th.
Labrum large transverse, a little narrowed before, the anterior
margin slightly emarginate, with a few short bristles (1).
Mandibles semilunate, one terminated by 3, the other by 4 sharp
teeth, the 2nd being the longest, the lower one the smallest (2).
Maville small, terminated by 2 lobes, densely ciliated at the
apex, the inner one suborbicular, the outer one clavate, being
an articulated subovate lobe. Palpi moderately long and stout,
4-jointed, basal joint small, 2nd a little the longest, clavate,
truncated obliquely, 3rd nearly as long, broader at the apex,
rhomboidal, 4th stout and conical (3).
Mentum suborbicular, the basal angles produced. Labiwm sub-
ovate, horny and truncated at the base with a leathery margin
in front, the sides excavated to receive the Palpi, which are very
short stout and triarticulate, basal joint cup-shaped, 2nd rhom-
boidal, 3rd slender, pear-shaped (4).

Head suborbicular : eyes lateral, globose, prominent and not touching
the Thorax which is not broad yet transverse : scutel minute. Elytra
broader than the thorax, elliptical: wings ample. Legs, hinder
rather the longest and formed for leaping, the thighs being incras-
sated ; tibiee clavate, hinder pectinated externally towards the apex :
tarsi not so long as the tibia, attached to the apex, very pubescent
beneath, 4-jointed, basal joint obtrigonate, elongated in the hinder
pair, 2nd joint shorter, 3rd bilobed, 4th slender clavate (5 +).

Obs. The species dissected and described is A. antennata ¢.

Ocurirses Curt. Guide, Gen. 427. 4.

Black, shining, thickly punctured; antenne with the 3 basal
joints ochreous in the male, the 4th and 5th black, the latter in-
crassated, the remainder ochreous-brown, sometimes black ; en-
tirely ochreous in the female, brightest at the base, the 5th joint
elongated (6 9): elytra with a broad ochreous stripe on each,
not reaching the apex, with a large subtrigonate black space
on the outer margin, rarely passing through and forming a black
bar across the middle: legs bright ochre, hinder thighs black.

Grorrroy, who constituted this genus, having called it Alzica,
the original spelling is retained, although Haltica may be con-
sidered more classical. ‘The present is another of Illiger’s
groups, and contains so great a number of species that I can
only give their names under the different sections.

I. Antenne with 4th joint longer than 5th, incrassated in the male.
1, antennata Oliv.

II. Antenne with the 5th joint longer than the 6th, incrassated in the male.

2. consobrina Curt, Like A. Lepidii, but very thickly and more
coarsely punctate, dull green; antenne black, 5th joint
elongated, 6th small, the following broader and compressed,
tarsi brown: 1 line. 3. Brassicee Oliv.

4, ochripes Curt. Brit. Ent. pl.630. 3. The larger size and
pale legs distinguish this pretty species from A. Brassice; it
was first discovered and communicated by the Rev. S. Hey,
of Ockbrook, Derbyshire.

5. Nemorum Linn. This is the destructive Turnip-fly. I
regret having nothing to add from my own knowledge to
the numerous statements already published regarding its
ceconomy, but some benefit perhaps might be derived from
destroying those cruciferous plants, such as Lrysimum
Alliaria and Cardamine pratensis (pls. 569 and 179), to which
the Alticze are so strongly attached, for they grow in abun-
dance in every hedge and meadow, and appear long before
the turnips come up and attract and give support to the pa-
rents of the future swarms that are to sweep away the crops
of the farmer. I believe in its perfect state that it is found
all the year round, but it is very abundant in May and Sept.,
and not unfrequently attacks the radish and horseradish.

III. Antennz with the 4th and 5th joints simple.
a. Elytra finely punctate.
* Thorax without a transverse impression.

6. flexuosa Mar.—Nasturtii Pz.?-—sinuata Sfe. var. 7. vittata
Ste. 8. 4-pustulata Mars.—4-guttata Ste. 9. Lepidii #. H.
—nigripes Pz.—lens Thunb. 10. elongata Ste. 11.obscu-
rella Uil.—atra. H. 12. punctulata Mar. 13. meleena 11.
14. nigrozenea Mars. 15. Cyparissie ZL. H.

16. herbigradus Curt. Like A. Euphorbia, but smaller and nar-
rower; bright shining green, punctured, antennze and legs
pale bright ochreous, the 4 apical joints of the former fus-
cous, posterior thighs with a pale piceous band: 2 to 3 line.
Beginning of June, Lymington, J. C. Dale, Esq.

17. Kuphorbie #.—atroccerulea Ste. var. 18. coerulea L. H.
—Hyoscyami Pz. 19. Pseudacori Mar.—violacea E. H.

** Thorax with a faint transverse impression: basal joint of tarsi distinctly

incrassated in the males.

20. Oleracea Z. 21. indigacea Ill.? 22. Erucze Pz.

b. Elytra imperfectly punctate-striate. Thorax without basal impressions.

24. erata Mar. 25. striatula Mar. 26. fuscicornis Z.

27. fuscipes Pz. 28. tripudiens K. 29. Rubi &.

¢. Elytra with distinct punctured strie. Thorax with strong longitudinal

grooves connected by a transverse channel.

31. rufipes Z. 32. femorataGy/.? 33.nitidula LZ. 34. Helxines L.
—fulvicornis /.—pulchella Ste. 35. cyanea Mar.—gau-
dens K. 36. Modeeri L. 37. ferruginea Schr. 38. flava L.
—similis K. 39. affinis Z.H. 40. Salicarize Pé.

The Plant is Cardamine impatiens, Impatient Ladies’-smock.

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N- )834
486.
MACROCNEMA UNIMACULATA.

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Chrysomelidaee?—Galerucite Lat.
Type of the Genus, Chrysomela Hyoscyami Linn.

Macrocnema Meg.—Macronema Curt.—Altitarses Jll.—Altica
Panz., Geof., Lat.—Haltica Gyl.—Chrysomela Linn.
Antenne inserted between and close to the margin of the eyes,
longer than the head and thorax, slightly clavate, pubescent,
pilose and 10-jointed, basal joint curved, longer and rather
stouter than the 2nd, 3rd a little the shortest, the remainder
increasing in diameter and shorter than the 4th, except the apical
joint, which is as long as thelst, ovate and truncated obliquely(6).
Labrum pocket-shaped, the sides towards the base dilated and
transparent, anterior margin notched and ciliated, with a little
protuberance in the centre and bristles across the middle (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, curved outside, with 4 teeth at the apex,
the 2nd being the longest and largest, also a membranous and
ciliated margin on the inside (2).
Mavillé small and bilobed, internal lobe ovate, external narrow
curved and articulated, both ciliated. Palpi short, rather stout
and 4-jointed, basal joint small, the remainder bristly and of
equal size, obovate, the terminal joint subconic (3).
Mentum subquadrate, the sides rounded, the anterior margin
deeply concave. Lip attached by a broad membrane, the scapes
and a lobe between them horny, the anterior margin fleshy.
Palpi short triarticulate, basal joint cup-shaped, 2nd obovate,
3rd conical with a gland at the apex (4).

Head small subtrigonate, narrowed before the eyes, and subquadrate :
eyes orbicular and sublateral. 'Thorax trapezate : scutellum minute.
Elytra considerably broader than the thorax, ovate. Wings ample.
Thighs, posterior very large, somewhat ovate, grooved beneath to
receive the Tibiz, of which the posterior are rather short, compressed,
dilated and hooked at the apex, with one strong triangular, and several
small teeth ; the 'Tarsiin this pair are longer than the tibie and in-
serted on the inside of them some distance from the apex, 4-jointed
and ciliated beneath ; the basal joint is very long and clavate, 2nd
oblong, 3rd bilobed, 4th slender and clavate (+), in the others the
basal joint is short, 2nd small and both obtrigonate (5).

Unimacunata Curt. Guide, Gen. 428. 2°.
Deep blue, sometimes slightly inclining to violet or green:
mouth and antenne pitchy, the 3 basal joints of the latter fer-
ruginous: head sparingly punctured: thorax very broad at the
base, minutely punctured, having also numerous large punctures
sparingly and irregularly distributed: elytra dilated before the
middle and rather narrowed behind, the external margin con-
cave at the middle, minutely punctured, with 11 punctured
striz on each, the sutural one short; brassy black beneath and
thickly punctured: legs bright and deep ochreous, posterior
thighs brassy black, excepting the tips, which are ferruginous,
with a large round spot of the same colour on the inside at the
base, the other thighs more or less brassy black at the base.
In the Author's and other Cabinets.

*

Macrocnema is one of Illiger’s families of Haltica, charac-
terized by him in the 6th Vol. of his Magazine, which I have
never been able to obtain; but Gyllenhal has transcribed them
into the Appendix of his 4th Vol. No mention however is
made of the anomalous antennze, which are only 10-jointed,
the 2nd joint being wanting or lost between the Ist and 3rd ;
a character first pointed out by Mr. Haliday: it is also di-

stinguished by the length of the posterior tarsi, which are

attached in a groove on the inside, remote from the internal
angle.

The following are recorded in the “Illustrations” as British
species, and they have all been taken in the neighbourhood
of London excepting Nos. 2, 7 and 8+.

1. chalcomera Jil. Mag. 12, Dulcamare Lint. Heft.

2. Hyoscyami Linn.

22, unimaculata Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 486.—M. August,
amongst grass near the sea-shore, Isle of Wight, and
on Hyoscyamus niger, near Poole.

Linnzus probably comprehended several of our speciesunder
the name of Hyoscyami, and I should be inclined to consider
our insect the same, if I had not examples different in shape
and better answering to his description. Gyllenhal takes no
notice of any rufous spot on the inside of the posterior thighs
in his descriptions of H. Hyoscyami and Napz, and this latter
species is only half the size of the former; and if Illiger’s
H. Rape has the interstices of the elytra smooth (viz. impunc-
tate) and the posterior femora black with the base rufescent,
or rufous with the apex black, as stated in the Illustrations, it
cannot be his insect.

3. Napi Gy/ll. 3. 567. 36. 4. Rapee Ill. Mag.
5. chrysocephala Linn.—erythrocephala Linn. var.?—Napi
Panz.21. 3.—M. July, Dover; Sept., gardens, Suffolk.
6. rufilabris Ent. Heft.
7. brunnipes Meg.?—Near Dover and Cambridge.
8. nigricollis Mar. 205. 91.—anglica Gmel.—sordida Kir.
var.—May and June, nettles and hedges, Suffolk.
83, marcida ld. Mag.—April, Southend, Essex.
9. picicornis Kir.—June and July, gardens, Southend and
Suffolk.
93. apicalis Ste.
10. exoleta Linn.?—nigriceps Kir.—Coombe and Oxford,
amongst grass.
10°. pallida iJ. Mag.—Near Southend.
36. picina Mars. 206.92.—May, nettles and hedges, Mr. Sa-
mouelle. Yorkshire, Suffolk and Oxford.
36°. Ericee Ent. Heft.
The Plant is Hyoscyamus niger (Common Henbane).

Vat

Kh

Jor 1833
435.

CARDIAPUS MATHEWSII.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Chrysomelidae—Galerucite Lad.
Type of the Genus, Cardiapus Mathewsii Curt.

Carprarus Curt.

Antenne inserted between the eyes near the base of the clypeus,
as long as the thorax, slender but slightly clavate, sparingly
pilose, 11-jointed, basal joint a little the longest, oval and stout,
2nd joint much shorter and more slender elongate-ovate, 4 fol-
lowing of the same size but less ovate, the remainder incrassated
and pubescent, 7th subobtrigonate, the 3 next ovate-truncate,
the terminal joint nearly as long as the 1st and conical (6).
Labrum exserted orbicular-quadrate, the margin semitransparent
and slightly emarginate, with a single bristle on each side (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, circular outside, with 3 teeth at the
apex, the apical tooth being the longest with a shoulder outside,
furnished with a membranous margin on the inside (2).
Maville with a large internal lobe, somewhat ovate pubescent
and ciliated, the external one small and distinctly articulated,
the terminal joint ovate, membranous and ciliated at the apex.
Palpi rather short naked and 4-jomted, basal joint indistinct,
2nd and 3rd somewhat rhomboidal, the latter the stoutest, 4th
twice as long, cylindric and conical at the apex (38).

Mentum transverse. Lip subovate, base horny, apex membra-
nous. Palpi attached to the sides of the lip, about the middle,
short stout and triarticulate, 1st and 2nd joints subquadrate, the
former twice as large as the latter, apical joint the size of the
2nd, subovate (4).

Head rather small and trigonate. Eyes prominent and remote. ‘Thorax
very convex, rounded before and projecting over the head, sides finely
margined, posterior margin bisinuated, the angles obtuse, with 2 fovee,
forming a curved elevated line on each side. Scutellum concealed.
Elytra linear-ovate, a little broader than the thorax. Wings ample.
Legs short, 4 anterior very similar, hinder pair longer and formed
for leaping. Thighs incrassated, hinder pair very large and grooved
beneath. Tibize slightly curved, ciliated towards the apex and fur-
nished with a small spur. 'Tarsi rather short and 4-jointed, very
pubescent beneath, basal joint large and cordate, except in the poste-
rior pair, 2nd joint small, 3rd broader and bilobed, 4th longer and
clavate. Claws small (5, a fore leg ; 5+, the hind leq).

Maruewsiu Curtis’s Guide, Gen. 428°. 1.
In the Cabinets of Mr. Hey and the Author.

Tuis singular insect, which I at first thought belonged to the
Genus Dibolia of Latreille, and to which I still imagine it is
related, has trophi that considerably resemble those of Cassida
(pl. 127.), which is one proof, amongst many others, of a more

intimate gonnexion between the Cassididee and the Galeru- |

cide, than is admitted, I believe, by some naturalists; and
although M. Latreille has given an outline of these affinities
in his Considerations générales, he has returned to the ar-
rangement of his Genera Crustaceorum in the § Familles Natu-
relles. ‘Taking into consideration foreign forms, it appears to
me that the Cassidz and Halticee are beautifully connected by
the Galerucze; and for this reason I adopted the arrangement
of the Baron Dejean in my Guide.

Cardiapus seems to form the connecting link of the Halticze
and Cryptocephali, having the thick posterior thighs of the
former group with the cylindrical outline of the latter, the
thorax projecting over the head, and the antenne rather long
and slender. On consulting Gyllenhal’s ¢ Znsecta Suecica,’ 1
learn that the Haltica occultans (which is the type of Dibolia,
I believe,) has appendages to the posterior tibize; and it seems
to want the two basal channels on the thorax, which are evi-
dent in our genus, and so characteristic of a great portion of
the Halticze.

The following is a description of our species.

C. Mathewsii, Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 435.

Black, shining, deep blue above; head sparingly punc-
tured: eyes and antenne black, the latter with the tip of
the basal joint, and the whole of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th,
ochreous: thorax with a faint green tint firmly and thickly
punctured on the sides, nearly free from punctures be-
fore: elytra with 10 strongly punctured strize on each,
the sutural one furcate at the base: legs bright ochre,
thighs black, tips of tarsi fuscous. Sometimes the upper
side of the insect is brassy green.

The first specimens I saw of this little beetle, were taken by
Mr. A. Mathews on a Beech-tree in Kent, in June, and others
were last year captured by the Rev. Samuel Hey at Monsall
Dale in Derbyshire; they were found in the thick moss that
grows on the sides of the rocks. ‘To the former gentleman
(who is now at Lima) I am indebted for the specimen figured,
to the latter for the one dissected.

The Plant is Hesperis inodora (Scentless Damewort), which
I found at Bonchurch in the Isle of Wight, the locality pointed
out, I believe, by Dawson ‘Turner, Esq.

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582.

CLYTHRA TRIDENTATA.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Chrysomelide.

Type of the Genus, Chrysomela 4-punctata Linn.

Crytura Laich, Fab., Lat., Gyll., Curt.—Cryptocephalus Fab., Mars.

—Chrysomela Linn.—Melolontha Geoff.

Antenne not longer than the thorax, inserted before the eyes,
serrated and slightly pubescent, 11-jointed, basal joint short,
stout and curved at the base, 2nd small, globose, 3rd not larger,
cup-shaped, the remainder large, distinctly articulated, cup-
shaped or obtrigonate, being produced on the inside, terminal
joint smaller, subovate (6).

Labrum rather oblong, the angles rounded, anterior margin
slightly concave and ciliated (1).

Mandibles short stout and thick, frequently most developed in
the males, furnished with 2 large teeth at the apex (2).
Mazille short, terminated by an ovate lobe, ciliated on the in-
side, with another on the outside, a little larger and drooping.
Palpi short and subfusiform, 4-joimted and pilose, basal joint
small, the remainder short and stout, especially the 2nd which
is obtrigonate, 3rd subquadrate, 4th slenderer, ovate, with a
gland at the apex (3).

Mentum small, narrowed a little at the base, the anterior angles
greatly excavated to receive the Palpi which are short, pilose
and triarticulate, basal joint sublunate, the others longer and
equal, the 2nd being somewhat obovate and truncated obliquely,
the 3rd elongate-ovate (4).

Head short vertical, immersed to the eyes when at rest, face flat: eyes
lateral, rather prominent and oval or orbicular. Thorax transverse,
broadest at the base, the sides generally marginated, the base lobed in
the centre: scutellum trigonate, obtuse. Abdomen cylindric: elytra
long and elliptic: wings ample. Legs stout, especially in the males,
in which sex the anterior are sometimes very long: thighs short :
tibize the same length, clavate, but not spined at the apex: tarsi di-
lated, cushioned beneath and 4-jointed, first 2 joints obtrigonate, 3rd
bilobed, 4th slender clavate: claws simple (5, a fore leg).

Larvee living in a pear-shaped hairy case, truncated and open at the
smaller end ; furnished with 6 pectoral feet (L, which is copied from
Fuessley’s Archives).

Tripentata Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 430. 1.
In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

ENGLAND is very poor in this fine genus, for in Sweden there
are seven native species, and twice as many in France, but
many of these are confined to the South. As the spotted spe-
cies have been figured by Donovan, and there are great doubts
of two others being native insects, I have preferred represent-

j!

ing one which has not been figured in any of our works, that I
am aware of.

1. tridentata Linn.—Curt. B. E. 582. .—longimana Fab. 3.

Male the slenderest, the mandibles large. Green, thickly and minutely
punctured: 2nd and 3rd joints of antennz and the upper side of the Ist
ochreous; base of thorax bisinuated, the angles somewhat lobed: elytra
ochreous: anterior legs the longest.

New Forest and Clapham Park Wood, Bedfordshire,
Mr. Dale; also in Yorkshire; middle of May and middle of
June flying in Coomb and Darent Woods, J. C.; it is found
on the Sallow and Hazel; Mr. J. Standish has beaten it, as
well as the larva, off the Birch, and he observed that the beetle
has a very strong and unpleasant scent.

2, taxicornis Fab.—similis L/.

Blue, thickly punctured; mandibles large and porrected in the males;

elytra testaceous, immaculate; thorax broad, with the sides serrated, the

base somewhat truncated ; antennz violaceous, elongated, compressed and
serrated. Female with the head, thorax and legs much smaller and differ-
ently formed: 4 to 6 lines long.

This insect being an inhabitant of the South of France and
Tuscany, cannot be considered as a native species: Gyllenhal
has admitted that it was described by mistake in the Faun. Suec.
3. longipes Fab. ?—Leach.—Don. 15. 520.

Black, pubescent: elytra orange with a black spot at the shoulder and 2

beyond the middle; antennz short and stout, with the 2nd and base of

3rd joint orange ; anterior legs very long in the males, basal joint of the
tarsi very long, the following not elongated: 5% lines.

It lives on the Hazel, and Dr. Leach took a male the end of
May 1808 by the side of the road between Exeter and Sid-
mouth, and a female was found in Dr. Lettsom’s Collection,
but these do not seem to agree exactly with Fabricius’s insect.

4, quadripunctata Linn.—Don. 4. pl. 111. f. 1. 2.—Panz. 106.
10.

Black shining, antennz very short, 2nd and 3rd joints and a spot over
each eye orange; elytra orange-ochre, with a black spot on the shoulder
and a larger irregular transverse one beyond the middle: legs nearly
equal, but stoutest in the males: length 44 lines.

North of England; Epping and Bexley on the Oak; Da-
rent and New Forest on the wing in a hot day, J. C.; 9th
June in abundance, Mr. Dale.

5. Hordei Fab.

“ Brassy, shining, front broad cupreous: antennz serrated, black: head

large: anterior feet elongated.” Hab.

A variety is in the British Museum supposed to have been
taken on Barley near Glasgow, but as it is known only to in-
habit Barbary and Portugal, its appearance in Scotland must
be regarded as accidental.

Malazis (Liparis Rich.) Loeselii (Dwarf Malaxis) is another
of the rarities for which this work is indebted to Dr. G. B.
Jermyn of Swaffham Priors, who found it in abundance last
June.

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CRYPTOCEPHALUS BIPUSTULATUS.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Chrysomelide Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Chrysomela sericea Linn.

CrYPTOCEPHALUS Geoff., Fab., Lat., Marsh. Chrysomela Linn.

Antenne inserted between and close to the eyes, remote, almost
as long as the body, simple, somewhat filiform, 11-jointed, first
joint large, second and third short, fourth and fifth slender, the
following cylindric, more robust. (6.)

Labrum subquadrate, coriaceous ; anterior margin emarginate, in
the centre ciliated. (1.)

Mandibles strongly bidentate at the apex. (2.)

Masxillea external lobe much larger than the internal: Palpi
4-jointed, first joint minute, the remainder robust, last joint
conic-cylindric, truncated at the apex. (3.)

Mentum coriaceous, transverse, short: Zip membranaceous :
Palpi 3-jointed, first joint minute, second robust, clavate, third
eylindric truncated. (4.)

Head vertical, forced into the thorax up to the eyes. Eyes sub-reniform.
Thorax globose, nearly as broad as the elytra. Body short, ovate,
cylindric. Tibiee without spurs. Tarsi 4-jointed, three first joints

* spongy beneath, first and second obtrigonate, third subcordate, bilobed,
Jourth cylindric. (5. a fore-leg.)

Brpustutatus Fab. Ent. Syst. t. 1. pars 2. p. 67. n. 74.—dispar
Payk. Fa. Su. v. 2. p. 142. n. 15. var. e.
Black, shining ; apex of elytra ochraceous, the edges black. Head

and apex of abdomen punctured, hairy. Thorax perfectly smooth.

Elytra with eleven punctured striz upon each. Antenne fuscous
at their base. Legs and under side pubescent.

In the Cabinet of Mr. Dale.

NorHiINnG can prove more completely the rapid progress of Huto-
mology in this country than the extensive additions that have
been made to this beautiful Genus within the last twelve years,
amongst the most splendid of which is C. dipustulatus, a single
specimen having been captured by Mr. Dale near a coppice on
Parley Heath, Dorset, lst July 1823.

/ 4

Marsham in his Extomologia Britannica enumerates twelve
species only of the true Cryptocephali ; and now there are the
following :—

1. C. sexpunctatus Linn. 11. C. Barbarez Linn.
2. — Coryli Linn. _ 12. — pusillus Fad.
3. — bipustulatus Fad, 13. — marginellus Don.
-4. — lineola Fad. 14. — dorsalis Marsh. |
5. — Moreei Linn. 15. — frontalis Marsh.
6. — sericeus Linn. 16. — exilis Schiip. MSS.
7. — similis Leach. 17. — ochraceus nod.
8. — nitens Linn. 18. — bilineatus Linn.
9. — flavilabris Fad. 19. — labiatus Linn.
10. — punctiger Payk.

C. marginellus, dorsalis and frontalis, it is generally thought
are mere varieties of C. pusillus, varying in different degrees from
testaceous to black ; and Dr. Leach has lately sent from Devon-
shire to the British Museum, either another curious variety or a
distinct species, black with a testaceous transverse band near the
base of the elytra.

Mr. Dale having swept his insect off Heath growing upon a
bank, Hrica cinerea (Fine-leaved Heath) is figured in the plate.
It is said also by Fabricius to inhabit a very old garden flower
Chrysanthemum coronarium.

500

HELODES BECCABUNG£.

Orpber Coleoptera. Fam. Chrysomelide.

Type of the Genus, Chrysomela Phellandrii Linn.

Hexoves Payk., Fab., Oliv., Gyl., Curt.—Prasocuris Lat.—Crioceris
Panz.—Chrysomela Linn., Marsh.
Antenne inserted on each side the head before the eyes, as long
as the thorax, clavate and compressed at the apex, 11-jointed,
basal joint a little the longest, stout and subovate, 2nd the
smallest, subovate, 3 following nearly as long as the 1st sub-
clavate, 6th not larger than the 2nd, the remainder forming an
elongated pilose and distinctly articulated club, 7th joint sub-
trigonate, 3 following cup-shaped, terminal joint the broadest,
ovate-conic (6).

Labrum transverse, the sides rounded, the anterior margin
thickened and ciliated (1).

Mandibles broad, very convex outside, bifid at the apex, one sub-
trifid with a broad membranous margin on the inside (2).
Mazille short and terminated by 2 lobes of equal size, the in-
ternal one rather broadest at the apex with a series of 4 or 5
strong teeth on the inside, external lobe ovate and pubescent
at the apex. Palpi short, thickest at the middle, basal joint
the smallest subtrigonate, 2nd a little the largest and cup-shaped
as well as the 3rd; 4th the longest ovate-conic, with a small
gland at the apex (3).

Mentum small short and transverse. Labium large thick and
suborbicular. Palpi very short stout and biarticulate, basal joint
cup-shaped, 2nd ovate-conic (4).

Head suborbicular: eyes lateral, vertically ovate, not touching the
Thorax, which is considerably broader than the head and quadrate :
scutellum rather small. Elytra elliptical and a little broader than
the thorax. Wings not large. Legs rather short and alike ; thighs
rather stout ; tibi slightly clavate ; tarsi cushioned beneath, 5-jointed ?
1st and 2nd joints subtrigonate, 3rd cordate, 4th minute, 5th long
and clavate : claws short and stout (5).

Beccasunc& Payk.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 432. 2.—violacea Fab.
In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tue rather irregular form of the joints composing the club
of the antennz, the quadrate thorax with its sides simple, and
the elongated narrow elytra, distinguish Helodes from its
congeners. What I have considered as the 4th joint of the
tarsus is minute and indistinct, and probably may be only the
base of the apical joint narrowed and rounded, similarly to
the basai joint of all antennz.

Dejean records only 2 species, both of which are inhabitant
of Great Britain.
1, H. Phellandrii Zinn.—Panz. fasc. 83. No. 9.—calmari-
ensis Don. Brit. Ins. v. 6. pl. 185. f. 1.

Length from 24 to 3 lines.

Brassy black, head and thorax strongly punctured, the
latter rather sparingly, with the lateral margins bright
ochre: elytra with the external margin and a stripe down
the middle of each, of the same colour; 10 rows of strong
punctures on each, the sutural one abbreviated; apex of
the abdomen, base of thighs and the tibize, excepting the
base and apex, deep and bright ochre.

Obs. In living specimens the ochreous parts are yellow.
This insect is found all the year round; it is common in
Norfolk on the Phellandrium aquaticum and Caltha palustris
(pl. 224.). Mr. Samouelle states that it is found on the Cow-
Parsnip in May and June, and Mr. Dillwyn says it occurs near
Swansea ‘on plants in bogs and marshy places common.”

2. H. Beccabungee Payk.—Curt. Brit. Ent. pl. 506.—Panz.
Zoe
Intense blue, often with a violaceous tint, especially on
the elytra, eyes and club of antennze blackish, head and
thorax sparingly but strongly punctured; elytra finely
wrinkled transversely, with 10 punctured strize on each,
the sutural one not reaching the middle.

Donovan having represented the other species, and there
being no figure of H. Beccabunge in any British work that I
am aware of, this species is given in our plate.

This insect is much attached to the Veronica Beccabunga
(pl. 236.) and is very common in Norfolk in May and the
beginning of June. I once took several specimens on a tall
umbellate plant (I believe the Phellandrium) in a brook near
Ventnor at the back of the Isle of Wight. It is also “common
on plants in marshy places” near Swansea, L. W. Dillwyn, Esq.

The Plant is Hippuris vulgaris (Mare’s tail), on which !
found vast numbers of a little black larva, that I think belong
to the Chrysomela Betule or some of the species forming the
group now named Pheedon.

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CHRYSOMELA ADONIDIS.

OrveER Coleoptera. Fam. Chrysomelidee Laé., Leach.
Tupe of the Genus Chrysomela Hemoptera Linn.

Curysometa Linn., Fab., Lat., &c.

Antenne inserted close to the anterior margin of the eyes, sub-

clavate, hairy and pubescent towards the apex, 11-jointed; Ist

joint robust, 2nd subglobose, 3rd subclavate, longer than the

Ath, 5th, and 6th, which are more robust, the remainder of equal

size, turbinate, pedicled, the terminal one conical (6).

aie transverse, slightly emarginate and hairy, angles round-

ed (1).

Mandibles small concave, subtrigonate acute, bifid at the apex,

one having a tooth on the internal edge (2).

Mazille bilobed, ciliated with strong bristles, the internal lobe

with 3 moveable claws at the apex. Palpi very robust, pilose,

4-jointed, Ist joint small, 2nd and 3rd of equal size, clavate-

truncate, 4th subglobose truncate (3).

Mentum transverse. Labium pentagonal, slightly emarginate

and pilose in front. Palpi short, robust, pilose, 3-jointed, basal

joint transverse, 2nd large subglobose, 3rd ovate truncate (4).

Head rather small, nutant. Eyes small. ‘Thorax transverse, narrowed

and emarginate before, posterior margin angulated. Sternum not
produced (9). Scutellum distinct. Body hemispheric. Wings 2.
Legs rather short. Tibie simple. Tarsi 4-jointed, first 3 joints
spongy beneath, basal and 2nd joints cordate, the latter being short,
3rd broad bilobed, 4th long subclavate. Claws simple (5* a lusus
nature ; a, the femur; bb’, tibie; c, the tarsus; c’, basal joint of
tarsus).

Aponipis Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 1. p. 312. n. 23.

Oval, ochraceous. Mouth, clypeus, eyes, antenna, legs and under-
side black. Thorax minutely punctured, sides not incrassated ; a
large space down the centre dilated behind and asmall spot on each
side near the margin black. Scutellum smooth, shining black.
Elytra margined somewhat irregularly punctured, a stripe down
the suture, interrupted at the base, and a broad one parallel to
and near the margin of each elytron piceous black.

In the Cabinet of the British Museum.

CHRYSOMEL4 is one of our most extensive genera, containing
upwards of 40 British species, some of which are extremely

beautiful, and many of them much esteemed for their rarity,
amongst which the following may be enumerated :

J. Thorax with the sides simple.

Chrysomela Adonidis Fadb., Nob.
geminata Payk.: quinquejugis Marsh,
fulgida Fab. Syst. Eleut.
fastuosa Linn., Don. 6. 194.
Viminalis Linn., Panz. 78. 3: 10-punctata Marsh,
rufipes Payk.: 10-notata Marsh., Don. 11.373.1.1.

II. Thorax with the sides incrassated.

Chrysomela incrassata Marsh.: Lamina Fab., Panz. 44. 5.
lepida Brit. Mus.
limbata Fab., Panz. 16. 8.
marginata Linn., Panz. 16.11.
lurida Linn., Panz. 78. 1.

Mr. Samouelle informs me, that the rare species figured was
presented with some others to the British Museum by Dr.
Leach, who received it from a gentleman in Lincolnshire, by
whom it was taken.

The extraordinary monstrosity figured in the plate (5*) has
been introduced in consequence of its having been alluded to
in the valuable volumes of the Introduction to Entomology
lately published, where it is stated to be one of the most re-
markable instances of the kind that has fallen under the obser-
vation of the authors. The specimen of C. hemoptera L. ex-
hibiting this singular conformation, I took amongst a multi-
tude of others many years since upon the Senecio Jacobea ; and
from the symmetry of the insect not being affected, its pecu-
liarity of structure did not attract my attention until after it
was dead. ‘The apex of the femur of one of the hinder legs is
lengthened obliquely, to the internal extremity of which the
supernumerary tibia is attached ; it appears to have been move-
able: the basal joint of the tarsus is remaining, and from its
having a cavity for the reception of the following joint, there
is no doubt but the remainder have been broken off by some
accident. It is not our intention to enlarge further upon the
subject; we only hope that a fact so curious (and rendered more
remarkable from insects being unlike other animals in their
organization, and undergoing 4 distinct transformations, ) will
be interesting if not valuable to the physiologist and compara-
tive anatomist.

Hypnum alopecurum (¥ox-tail Feather-moss) is figured in
the plate.

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CACIDULA SCUTELLATA.

Orver Coleoptera. Fam. Coccinellidze Lat., Leach.
Type of the Genus Chrysomela pectoralis Fab.

Caciputa Meg. Chrysomela Fab., Panz. Strongylus Herbst. Sil-
pha Marsh. Rhysobius Leach’s MSS.
Antenne as long as the thorax, inserted at the anterior margin
of the eyes, remote, clavate, pilose, 11 -jointed, basal joint large,
2nd small robust, 3rd long slender, 4th shorter than the 5th, the
6th, 7th and 8th oval, the remainder forming a more robust mass,
the terminal joint being truncated (fig. 6).
Labrum transverse, oval, ciliated (1).
Mandibles bent at the apex and bifid, internal edge very thin and
transparent (2).
Maxille rather long, bilobed, lobes’ small ciliated. Palpi very
robust, clavate, naked, 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd clavate,
3rd wedge-shaped, 4th trapezate truncated obliquely (3).
Mentum large elongated, dilated and angulated anteriorly. La-
bium suborbicular. Palpi short, robust, naked, inserted upon
the lip, 3-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd subclavate, 3rd ovate-
conic (4).

Head trigonate, sunk up to the eyes. Eyes lateral. Thorax trans-
verse, convex, rounded behind, posterior angles not rounded. Cole-
optra oval. Wings 2, longer than the elytra. Scutellum minute.
Tibie simple. Tarsi all 3-jointed, 2nd joint bilobed, 3rd long slen-
der, Claws simple. Pulvilli none (5, a fore leg).

Scuretuata Herbst. Fab. Ent. Syst. v. 1. pars 1. p.327. n. 101,
Yellowish castaneous, shining, clothed with short yellow hair.
Head punctured. Eyes black, club of antenne blackish. Tho-
rax rather coarsely punctured, with a plain suture down the
centre, the sides margined. Elytra rather coarsely punctured
and having about 8 deeply punctured and irregular strie on
each ; Scutellum, a large triangular space in the centre at the
base of the elytra, a spot on each side, midway, and 2 round
spots near the suture towards the apex, dull black.

In the Cabinets of Mr. Sparshall, Mr. Cooper, and the Author.

Tus genus, which has long stood in our cabinets with Dr.
Leach’s MS. name Fhysobius, has been published with the
name we have adopted. ‘The Baron Dejean has included
Nitidula litura Fab., in which he has followed Schonherr ;.
but it appears rather to belong to the genus Scymnus of
Herbst.

1. C. pectoralis Fab. Panz. 78. 5.—rosea Marsh. p. 123. 25.

An insect we frequently meet with on grass and plants by
the sides of ditches and on marshes during the spring and
summer.

2. C. scutellata

Was not known to inhabit Britain until Mr. Joseph Spar-
shall and myself, in an entomological excursion to Horning
marshes in September 1819, found several under the bark of a
dead tree; but in the month of March of the present year it
was taken upon a gate post in Plaistow marshes by Abraham
Cooper, Esq.

This is the first example we have given of Latreille’s section
Trimera, with all the tarsi 3-jointed, it consequently associates
with the family Coccinellide, an appellation that we prefer to
Aphidiphagi recently employed in the “ Famzlles Naturelles,”
because in forming the Linnean genera into families we can-
not do less than retain the names of that illustrious naturalist ;
and we cannot do better to promote the extensive and philo-
sophic views taken of entomology at this period, than by
making names long established and universally known, the
stepping-stone to those which have been but recently intro-
duced.

For a specimen of the plant figured, Dentaria bulbifera
(Bulbiferous Coral-wort), we are indebted to Mr. G. Charl-
wood, who gathered it the beginning of last May at Black-

wood’s old locality, Harefield Park, Middlesex.

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COCCINELLA OCELLATA.

Orprr Coleoptera. Fam. Coccinellidze Lat., Leach.

Type of the Genus Coccinella septem-punctata Linn.

Coccinexua Linn., Fab., &c.

Antenne inserted before the eyes at the base of the mandibles,
not so long as the thorax, membranous, clavate, compressed,
pubescent, 1 1-jointed, basal joint short, robust, cup-shaped, 2d
ovate, 3d slender, not longer than the 2d, the 5 following short
and filiform, the 9th broader obtrigonate, 10th transverse, | 1th
a little larger than the basal joint, subquadrate (6).

Labrum large, pilose, transverse-oval (1).

Mandibles subtrigonate, very much rounded externally, acute
and bifid at the apex; membranous and ciliated internally,
notched towards the base, one producing an elongated tooth (2).
Mazille large, terminated by 2 very pubescent lobes, the ex-
ternal one being articulated and extending beyond the other.
Palpi nearly as long as the antennz and very robust, 4-jointed,
basal joint small, truncated obliquely, 2d large, subovate-trun-
cate, 3d subquadrate, 4th very large, subsecuriform (3).
Mentum coriaceous, subquadrate, narrowed at the base, sinuated
anteriorly, the angles lobed. Lip elongated and membranous,
except in the centre, dilated and pubescent anteriorly. Palpi
arising beyond the middle, neither remote nor long, triarticulate,
basal joint small, 2d and 3d of equal length, the former the most
robust, the latter ovate (4).

Head and eyes small. Thorax transverse, broadest at the base, ante-
riorly emarginate, rounded behind. Scutellum very minute. Elytra
hemispherical, broader than the thorax. Wings very ample, some-
times twice as long as the elytra. Legs short. Tibi spurred, ex-
cepting the anterior pair. ‘Tarsi all 4-jointed, 1st and 2d joints
dilated and cushioned beneath, the former long, the latter shorter,
depressed obovate, 3d small, slender, arising from the back of the 2d
near the base, 4th as long as the \st clavate. Claws dilated at the
base and notched internally. Pulvilli none (5, a fore leg).

Oceuiata Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 156. n. 484.

Subhemispherical, thickly and minutely punctured, shining, ru-
fous. Head and thorax black, with 2 pale ochreous spots at
their base, the anterior and lateral margins of the thorax of the
same colour, with a black spot on each side near the posterior
angles. Elytra with 9 black spots on each, ocellated with ochre,
viz. 2, 3, 3 and a streak near the apex. Thighs and under side
black ; tibiz piceous at their base, the apex, tarsi and antenne
dull castaneous.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Tuis genus is at once a remarkable example of the value of
structure in the combination of groups, and of the little im-
portance of the distribution of colour when employed to di-
stinguish species. Asa genus, Coccinella is so natural that its
appellation has never been disturbed; whereas the species com-
posing it are so variable, that many of them have been de-
scribed under a great variety of names.

In our dissertation upon Hemerobius, we remarked that
the Coccinelle: were amongst the numerous insects that attack
the Aphides and keep them within the limits prescribed by
Providence: and we regret that our space will not allow of our
entering upon so interesting a subject; but this want will be
supplied by referring to the 1st vol. of Kirby and Spence,
pages 258 or 262, to vol. 2, pages 9 and 230; to the Entomo-
logical Transactions ; and descriptions and ample synonyms
to the following British species will be found in the 4th part
of Gyllenhal, and the 2nd volume of Schénherr.

1. C, lateralis Fab. Panz. 24. 9.— punctata, and 11-notata Mar.
frontalis Payk. 13-maculata Don. 12. 428.
2. impustulata [//. Gyll.—l6-ma- | 14. C. instabilis [//.?—10-guttata Fab.
culata Fab. Linn.? A variety probably
3. globosa Ill. Gyll.—24-punctata of the last.
Linn.—Don. 11. 362.4 & 5. | 15. conglomerata Linn.—14-macu-
impunctata Payk. Marsh. lata Linn.
4. 14-guttata Linn. — Don. 7. | 16. 14-pustulata Linn.—Oliv. 5.
243, 1. pl. 4. f. 50.
Ge. bis-sex-guttata Fab. Oliv. 5. | 17. 20-punctata Fab.—22-punctata
pl. 4. f: 51. Don. 2. 39. 1. 4.
6. 16-guttata Linn. 18. 12-punctata Linn.— Oliv. 5. pl.
16 oblongo-guttata Linn. — Don. Goji ke
SG 2Fale 19. conglobata Linn. Ill. Panx.
8. ocellata Linn. Nob. 106. 5.
Gh 7-punctata Linn. Don. 2. 39.5. | 20. 1l-punctata, tripunctata, and
—FPansz. 79. 3. 9-punctata Linn.—4-macu-
10. 5-punctata Linn.—Don. 16. lata, and 10-punctata Fab.—
Dilek collaris Payk.
11. dispar Jil.— Pantherina and | 21. _ hieroglyphica Linn.—flexuosa
annulata Linn. Don. 7.243, 2. Fab.—liineolata, sinuosa, and
bipunctata and 6-pustulata sinuata Marsh.

Linn. Don. 2. 39. 3.—uni- | 22. 18-guttata Linn. Marsh.
fascia and 4-pustulata Fab. | 23. — mutabilis Zl. Payk.—leta, lim-

Don. 7. 243. 3.—perforata bata, 5-maculata, 6-punctata
and 7-pustulata Mar. —4- | . and 7-notata Fab.—Don. 11.
punctata Don. 16. 542. 362. 3.—Panz. 79. 5.
12, humeralis Schiin. Gyll—tunaris | 24. 13-punctata Linn. Don. 16.
Marsh. 572. 2. and 11. 362. 2.—14-
13. __—variabilis JJ. 4-punctata, 6- punctata Don. 2. 39. 2.
punctata, and 10-punctata | 25. 19-punctata Linn.

Linn.—margine-punctata,8-

The rare and beautiful species figured was’ first observed
by Professor Hooker in Sept. 1813, upon the Wild Liquorice,
Astragalus glycyphyllos, ina garden at Norwich. It was after-
wards taken in other parts of Norfolk, and at Windsor in
June: and Mr. John Phillips, to whom I am indebted for
specimens, informed me that he captured several the end of
March and beginning of April, at Stockton Common, York-
shire, by shaking the Beech-trees; and that they were found
upon the old and dead leaves.

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ENDOMYCHUS COCCINEUS. .

Orper Coleoptera. Fam. Endomychide.
Type of the Genus, Chrysomela coccinea Linn.

Envomycuvus Payk., Fab., Lat., Gyll., Curt—Chrysomela Linz.,
DeGeer.—Tenebrio Mars.
Antenne inserted before the eyes, not very remote, longer than
the thorax, clavate, pubescent, 11-jointed, basal joint not stouter
than the following, clavate, 2nd short obovate, 3rd as long as the
Ist, 5 following subglobose, the remainder forming a lax dilated
and compressed club of equal joints, 9th and 10th subovate-tri-
gonate, 11th ovate but rather oblique at the apex (6).
Labrum semicircular, slightly emarginate and ciliated (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, acutely bifid at the apex, internal mar-
gin leathery, slightly hairy outside (2).
Mazville rather slender, terminating in two lobes very hairy at
the apex, the internal one narrow, the other longer, broad,
curved and maxilleform. Palpi short, stout, pubescent and
4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd the longest, clavate, 3rd stout,
cup-shaped, 4th the largest, subovate and truncated obliquely
(3).
Mentum transverse, emarginate before, the angles lobed. Lip
large elongated, obovate. Palpi arising near the centre, short
stout and biarticulate, basal joint somewhat obovate truncate,
terminal one larger, pear-shaped, compressed at the apex (4).
Head small and subtrigonate, immersed to the Eyes, which are small,
lateral and orbicular. ‘Thorax much broader, especially at the base,
transverse, anterior angles lobed, posterior acuminate, the sides mar-
ginated: scutellum subtrigonate. Elytra twice as broad, oval and
conver. Wings ample. Thighs a little incrassated: tibiz simple
and clavate: tarsi 4-jointed, basal joint trigonate, 2nd bilobed, 3rd
minute, 4th long and clavate: claws simple (5, a fore leg).

Coccinevus Linn.—Curt. Guide, Gen. 440. 1.
Bright scarlet, shining: head and antenne black, apex and
mouth tawny: disc of thorax and scutellum castaneous or
piceous: 4 large spots on the elytra black: legs piceous, the
knees and tarsi dull ferruginous.
In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Turs brilliant beetle is the only Endomychus that has been
discovered. It is very similar in habit to Lycoperdina (pl. 355),
yet there are many differences in the trophi, and the thorax
is narrowed behind in that genus.

Neither Latreille nor any author that I can remember has
characterized the Larve of Endomychus, and having found a
considerable number of them the beginning of last May in the

plantations of my friend Philip Bennet, Esq., of Rougham
Old Hall, I shall proceed to their description and history.

In pulling the bark off the decayed stump of a Fir-tree, I
saw some larvee apparently entangled in a white cottony web,
which I at first thought were young glow-worms. On re-
moving them I discovered that they were of various sizes; they
moved slowly, and some of the largest seemed as if they were
either dead or in a torpid state, but these proved to have been
punctured by a little parasite allied to Gnatho dispar (Colax,
pl. 166.), a great number of which afterwards hatched. The
larvae were of a dead deep chocolate colour, but ferruginous
beneath, and composed of eleven segments besides the head
and apical joint, which were so deflexed as to be concealed as
represented in figure L, the line showing the natural size of
the full-grown larva. ‘They have 6 pectoral feet, the antennz
are short and filiform, the 1st thoracic segment is semiorbicular
with an orange spot at each angle, the remainder are pro-
duced and reflexed laterally so as to form 10 hooks on each
side, the 3rd, 4th, and 8th being orange-coloured, and the
sides of the belly are similarly serrated. In three weeks some
of these larvae became pupe of a deep ochreous colour, but
they soon died.

Latreille says the Endomychi live beneath the bark of
Birch-trees, and Gyllenhal states that they inhabit fungi and
putrid wood, and the larve which I found appeared to be
living amongst a thin fungus which occupies the place of the
inner bark in decaying trees.

E. coccineus has been considered a rare insect in England ;
it occurs, however, occasionally in abundance, but it is very
local: about 20 years since it was found in multitudes in
Coomb-wood, in May and June, under the bark of stumps of
Alders, Willows, &c.; and I once found a specimen in Suffolk
in September. Holt Forest, Dorset, and Sherborne: Mr. Dale.
** Not very unfrequent on the Crwmlyn sand-hills; it has also
been found dead by Mr. Jeffreys among the rejectamenta of
the Neath river near Briton Ferry:” Mr. Dillwyn.

For specimens of the Orchis (Habenaria) viridis (Green or
Frog Orchis), I am indebted to Lady Blake, who gathered
them at Bradfield and Barton in Suffolk: the root is shown
at fig. B.

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LYCOPERDINA BOVIST.

OrpeR Coleoptera. Fam. Endomychide Lea. Fungicole Lai.
Type of the Genus, Endomychus Boviste Fab.

Lycoperpina Lat., Lea, Sam., Curt.—Endomychus Fab., Payk.,
Oliv., Panz.—Tenebrio Mars.—Galleruca Fab.

Aytenne inserted between the eyes at the hase of the clypeus,
longer than the thorax, slightly thickened towards the apex, pu-
bescent, 1 1-jointed, basal joint the longest, robust, oval, 2nd and
3rd of equal length and longer than the six following which are
subglobose-truncate, the 9th being somewhat larger, 10th and
11th a little larger, the latter subobovate and truncated oblique-
ly, the outer angle slightly produced (6).

Labrum transverse, the sides rounded, anterior margin concave
and ciliated with strong bristles, except at the centre (1).
Mandibles subtrigonate, very acute, rounded externally, internal
margin membranous and ciliated below the middle (2).

Maxilie terminated by a large thin triangular lobe, covered with
pubescence and scaly hairs ; a horny lobe on the inside, dilated
thickened and rough at the apex. Palpi short and rather robust,
slightly pilose and 4-jointed, basal joint minute, 2nd subclavate,
3rd subquadrate, 4th oval (3).

Mentum horny, rough, narrowed at the middle, dilated before
with the sides rounded. Labium transverse. Palpi remote,
short and robust, inserted close to the anterior margin of the
mentum, triarticulate ? basal joint somewhat cup-shaped, 2nd
and 3rd obovate (4).

Head subtrigonate: clypeus narrowed: eyes remote, rather prominent
and granulated. ‘Thorax subquadrate, anterior angles rounded,
slightly narrowed at the base. Scutellum minute. Elytra ovate.
Wings none. Legs rather short and robust: thighs abruptly
clavate ; tibie incrassated beyond the middle and very pubescent,
the anterior bristly on the inside. Tarsi 4-jointed, basal and 2nd
joints produced beneath and cushioned, 3rd joint small, 4th long
clavate. Claws slender and acute (5).

Bovist Fab. Ent. Syst. 1. pars 2. p. 20. n. 34.—Curtis’s Guide,
Gen. 441.—Lycoperdi and immaculata Lat.
Piceous-chestnut color sometimes ochreous, smooth and shining,
sparingly and minutely punctured, each puncture producing a
short hair. Eyes black. Thorax with a deep channel on each
side, extending to the middle and connected at the base by a
transverse one. Elytra depressed at the suture with a channel
on each side contiguous at the base and apex. ‘Tibie clothed
with ochreous pubescence, especially on the inside towards their
extremity.

In the Author’s and other Cabinets.

Four species of Lycoperdinze inhabit Sweden, and two of
them France ; but one only has been discovered in Great Bri-
tain, the L. Bovista, which receives its names from the vegetable
on which it feeds. ‘They are found in puff-balls, from Sep-
tember to June, on commons and in fir-plantations at Coombe
and Norwood. The Rey. G. T. Rudd and Mr. Samouelle
once met with it in abundance near Kimpton; and the be-
ginning of last October Mr. Newman took a considerable
number at Birch-wood, and he remarked that they made their -
egress through the hole in the centre at the top of the puff-
ball.

The horny internal maxillary lobe and the dilated and
curiously ciliated external one are very different to any that
IT am acquainted with. Lycoperdina, like Coccinella, has
four-jointed tarsi, and it is nearly related to Endomychus and
Eumorphus (an extra~European group), one species of which,
from Sumatra, (figured by Dumeril and also by Olivier under
the name of Z. marginatus,) is a most remarkable insect, with
the anterior tibiae emarginated, not unlike the Carabidz, and
the elytra have a broad dilated margin, so that in fact it
assumes somewhat the figure of thai still more wonderful in-
sect the Mormolyce phyllodes of Hagenbach, which is a native
of the neighbouring island of Java.

We do not think it probable that the ceconomy of Eumor-
phus and Mormolyce is the same, and consequently there
may be no affinity between them; but as it is difficult in
arrangement to say where such anomalies ought to be placed,
we cannot but think that it would be convenient and even na-
tural to put Mormolyce at the beginning of the Coleoptera,
and Eumorphus at the end.

The genus Dasycerus, which from its triarticulate tarsi has
been consigned to this group, is more nearly related I think
to Latridius (p. 311.), which has probably only three jointed
tarsi, and with which it was at first associated by Mons. La-
treille.

The Puff-ball or bull-fist represented with the insect is the
Lycoperdon Bovista Linn., in which it lives.

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Orver 1. COLEOPTERA. Vox. II.

Plate.

Fam. CORTICARID.
131. Holoparamecus depressus . 614
132. Paramecosoma bicolor. . . 606
133. Latridius elongatus. . . . 3il
134. Bitoma crenata. . . . . 283

Fam. CERYLONID.
135. Rhyzophagus bipustulatus . 579
Fam. TENEBRIONIDA.

136. Hypophleus bicolor . . . 430
137. Tenebrio obscurus. . . . 331
138: Wlomafagiy 92) 5) 5°.) «|. 363
139. Opatrum tibiale. . . . . 319
140. Sarrotrium muticum . . . 314
141. Bolitophagus agricola. . . 586

Fam. HELOPID.
142. Helops pallidus. . . . . 298
Fam. BLAPSID A.
143. Blaps obtusa. . . “das
Fam. MELANDRYID.
144. Melandrya canaliculata . . 155
Fam. CISTELIDA.

145. Omophlus armerie. . . . 622
146. Cistela ceramboides . . . 594

Fam. LAGRID.
147. Lagria hirta.. . . .)..). 598

Fam. DIRCAIDA.
148. Hypulus biflexuosus . . . 255
149. Hallomenus flexuosus. . . 474
150. Orchesia fasciata . , . . 197
Fam. MORDELLIDA.
151. Mordella abdominalis . . . 483
152. Ripiphorus paradoxus. . . 19
Fam. CANTHARID.

153. Sitaris humeralis . . . . 340
154. CGidemera sanguinicollis . . 390
155. Nothus bipunctatus. . . . 538

clavipes. . . Se
156. Conopalpus Ce tes-
TACEUS yer ones - 112

157. Pyrochroa coccinea. en 90
158. Meloe brevicollis . . . . 279
159. Cantharis vesicatoria . . . 658
160. Lymexylon navale . . . . 382
161. Hyleccetus dermestoides . . 654
162. Anthicus tibialis. . . . . 714
163. Xylophilus oculatus. . . . 299

Fam. PTINIDA.

164. Ptinus 6-punctatus. . . . 646
165. Mezium suleatum . . . . 232
166. Gibbium scotias. . . . . 342
167. Serrocerus pectinatus. . . 375
168. Anobium pertinax . . . . 387

Fam. DERMESTID&.
169. Dermestes lardarius . . . 682

|

170.
W/E
172.

173.
174.
175.
176.
177.

178.
WEE
180.
181.
182.

183.

184.
185.

186.
187.

188.

189.

190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.

196.
W972
198.
199.

200.
201.
202.
203.

204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.
ait.
212.
213.

Megatoma serra.
Attagenus trifasciatus .
Aspidiphorus orbiculatus .

Fam. BYRRHIDA.

Nosodendron fasciculare .
Oomorphus concolor
Simplocaria semistriata
Byrrhus Dennii .
Throscus obtusus

Fam. BUPRESTID.

Trachys minuta . :
Aphanisticus pusillus .
Agrilus chryseis .
Buprestis nitidula .
Melasis buprestoides .

Fam. ELATERID A.
Elater aterrimus

Fam. CYPHONID.

Dascillus cervinus .
Elodes pini

Fam. LAMPYRID&.

Lycus minutus .
Lampyris noctiluca

Fam. TELEPHORID Ai.
Telephorus cyaneus

Fam. MELYRID.
Malachius bispinosus .

Fam. CLERID.

Tillus unifasciatus .
Opilus fasciatus .
Thanasimus formicarius
Clerus alvearius .
Necrobia ruficollis .
Corynetes violaceus

Fam. CISID A.

Cis bidentatus
Cicones carpini . .
Nemosoma elongatum .
Apate capucinus.

Fam. BOSTRICID.

Platypus cylindrus .
Scolytus destructor.
Hylesinus scaber 5
Hylurgus piniperda. . .

Fam. CURCULIONID.

Baris analis °
Cossonus Tardii .
Gymnetron graminis .
Mononychus pseudacori .
Ceutorhynchus geranii
Pachyrhinus comari
Acalles roboris .
Orchestes Waltoni .
Anthonomus pomorun
Erirhinus ethiops .
VOL. I.

» 522
- 104

- 627
- 202
- 670
. 558

* 267
~ 270
* 398

44

* 390
- dol

- 402
- 149
- 327
- 271

51
43

- 766

59

550

. 678
= OOM

- 634

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

Plate. Plate.
214. Hypera fasciculosa . all) AG 234. Clytus 4-punctatus. . . . 199
215. Otiorhynchus maurus. . . 690 235. Obrium cantharinum . . . 91

216. Polydrusus speciosus . . . 278 236. Necydalisminor. . . . . Il
217. Lixus angustatus . . . . 542 Molorchus;) | i./ne-0 wot taieeaeneele
218. Magdalis carbonarius . . . 212

219. Apion GhityNy 4 Gl'g 5 5 ZA Fam. LEPTURID.
220. Rhynchites similis . . . . 642 237. Rhagium inquisitor . . . 750
221. Attelabus curculionoides . . 710 238. Leptura apicalis. . . . . 362

Fam. BRUCHID. Fam. CRIOCERIDA.
222. Bruchus ater . . 5g Hay! 239. Donacia typhe . *... .. . 494
240. Macroplea equiseti. . . . 318
Fam. ANTHRIBIDZ. 241. Crioceris puncticollis . . . 323
223. Platyrhinus latirostris. . . 723

224. Anthribus albinus . . . . 726 Fam. CASSIDID&.
Fam. SALPINGID &. 242. Cassida salicornie . . . . 127

225. Spheeriestes foveolatus . . 662 Fam. GALERUCID.

243. Galeruca viburni ... .

Fam. TROGOSITIDZ. 244. Adimonia 4-maculata. . . 366

226. Trogosita mauritanica. . . 734 245. Luperus brassice . . . . ae
246. Altica ochripes . . . AG

Fam. CUCUJIDE. 247. Macrocnema unimaculata. . 486

227. Cucujus sparti . . . . . 510 248. Cardiapus Mathewsii . . . 435

Fam. PRIONID. Fam. CHRYSOMELID&.

oo
sr
—_

228. Prionus coriarius . . . . 746 249. Clythra tridentata . . . 582
250. Cryptocephalus bipustulatus . 35
Fam. CERAMBYCIDA. 251. Helodes beccabunge . . . 506

229. Aromia moschata . . . . 738 252. Chrysomela adonidis . . . 111
230. Monochamus sartor . . . 219 253. Cacicula scutellata. . . . 144
251. Lamia nubilas-... .. . 172 254. Coccinella ocellata. . . . 208
232. Saperda Atkinsoni. . . . 275 255. Endomychus coccineus . . 570
233. Callidium striatum. . . . 295 256. Lycoperdina boviste . . . 355

ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF COLEOPTERA. Vot. II.

Daa age
rage Plate. Plate. J
POeeK calles ObOris!...o* si ve iive jee DAO Chrysomela adonidis . . ~1ll=-/2%
//'4-Adimonia 4-maculata. . . . . 366 Cicones carpini. . . \. . « -. daQemy
56 =Agrilus chryseis)).., 1) «4.0, = «167 Cis bidentatus . Fy . 402-66
//@ =Altica ochripes. . . ... .° . 630 Cistela ceramboides . . . . 594-16
3$-Anobium DECUDAKT Melons OCT Clerus alvearius Ries - 44-63
SA= Anthicus: tials 460) <0. yey feu FEA Clythra tridentata. . . . . . 582-//9
#2 <-Anthonomus pomorum . . . . 562 Clytus 4-punctatus . . . . . 199/077

7% —Anthribus albinus. . . . . . 726 Coccinella ocellata . . . . . 208*/24

67 <Apate capucina <2... eis! ete og QF Conopalpus testaceus . . 112-26
“%9~Aphanisticus pusillus. . . . . 262 Corynetes violaceus . 351045
4 see LION CULORMIC). sihe0)yraiimewcu acinar Cossonus Tardii . . . - 59995
74 -Aromia moschata. . . . . . 738 Crioceris puncticollis. . - 323° 110
‘fe a= Aspidiphorus orbiculatus . . . 450 Cryptocephalus bipustulatus ; 35-422 6
ot Atopa cervamasisicigia dete ah. 216 Cucujus spartii . é . 510-97
rn - Attagenus trifasciatus . . . . 247 Cyphon pini. . . . . 602+ 55
9’ ~Attelabus curculionoides . . . 710 Dascillus cervinus . wit) SES
PPe Bars aNaligwe.) -a\bec.s ete 766 Dermestes lardarius . . . . . 682-37
if weBitoma cretiata-.. «0s. 20/2) ,.) 288 Donacia typhe . . 494-/ +
fae Blaps bisa si. ics +s), wentdiy FlAS Elater aterrimus - 694~ >.
!{ ~Boletophagus ee Ailend wat) O80. Elodes pini . . 602-55

72=Bruchus ater . . Shel, gen eaves Endomychus coccineus . . . . 570-/25" |

4! -Buprestis nitidula . 31 Erirhinus ethiops . . 634-83
-eByrrhus Dennii. . . . 135 Galeruca vibuni . . . . . . 3711/3

/23-Cacidula scutellata . . . 144 Gibbium scotias . Late rile Saae

/°3~Callidium striatum . . . 295 Gymnetron graminis. . . . . 627-76

2&7 - Cantharis vesicatoria . 658 Hallomenus flexuosus. . . . . 474—/9
//* -Cardiapus Mathewsii. . . 435 Helodes beccabunge . . 506—/2f

| |2>Cassida salicorniz . 127 Helops pallidus. . . . . 298-lQ

4- Cerambyx moschatus 738 Holoparamecus depressus - 614~/
‘1% ~Ceutorhynchus geranii 670 Hyleccetus dermestoides. . . . 65493/

—AaGe

72—-Hylesinus scaber .
73 Alylurgus piniperda
6++-Hypera fasciculosa.
—Hypophleus bicolor .
%-Hypulus biflexuosus .
}7 -Lagriahirta. . .

}0!—Lamia nubila

5% ~Lampyris noctiluca
3 ~Latridius elongatus

) 0§ -Leptura apicalis
€7-Lixus angustatus .

7; 5~Luperus brassice .

/2.6 -Lycoperdina boviste .
6 -Lycus minutus .
30-Lymexylon navale .

//* Macrocnema unimaculata
//2 -Macroplea equiseti.

&8 -Magdalis carbonarius .

39 ~Malachius bispinosus .
*O ~Megatoma serra aes

}4 =Melandrya canaliculata .

5 .-Melasis buprestoides .
2% —Meloe brevicollis .
35—Mezium sulcatum .

/ 6 6-Molorchus minor .
/00~Monochamus sartor
77 -Mononychus pseudacori .

2! >Mordella abdominalis
6% -Necrobia ruficollis .

/06-Necydalis minor
65 -Nemosoma elongata .
+3 -Nosodendron fasciculare

AS -Nothus bipunctatus

40%=Obrium cantharinum .

& ‘t(Edemera sanguinicollis .
/5 —Omophlus armerize

INDEX OF PLANTS.

Plate.

. 922
. 104
SeMAKG,
. 430
. 255
. 598
Sillyir
- 698
. dll
. 362
. 542
. 370
. 395
. 263
. 382
. 486
. 318
. 212
. 167
. 244
. 155
- OO
- 279
- 232
aL
p29

292

483,
. 300
Pavel il
. 327
. 246
. 538
a), Wh
. 390
- 622

Oomorphus concolor .
Opatrum tibiale

Opilus fasciatus

Orchesia fasciata .
Orchestes Waltoni
Otiorhynchus maurus.
Pachyrhinus comari .
Paramecosoma bicolor
Platypus cylindrus
Platyrhinus latirostris
Polydrusus speciosus .
Prionus coriarius .
Ptinus 6-punctatus
Pyrochroa coccinea
Ripiphorus paradoxus
Rhagium inquisitor
Rhynchites similis. . .
Rhyzophagus bipustulatu
Saperda Atkinsoni. ..
Sarrotrium muticum .
Scolytus destructor
Serrocerus pectinatus
Simplocaria semistriata .
Sitaris humeralis
Spheeriestes foveolatus
Telephorus cyaneus
Tenebrio obscurus
Thanasimus formicarius .
Throscus obtusus .
Tillus unifasciatus .
Trachys minuta
Trogosita mauritanica
Uloma fagi . :
Xylophilus oculatus
Zonitis testacea.

2)
{oat

Plate,
347° *
319-%
270" /
197-20
678 - Ye
690° 29
558-77
606 - A

51-90
723-73
278" ve
746-78
646 “3%
590 77

19 =a
750-/2
642 ~7°
579-5
275710
3142/0

43> 71
375737
335 - 7

. 299 - 33
. 112A

INDEX OF PLANTS IN THE ORDER IN WHICH THE PLATES

131. Thlaspi arvense .
132. Arundo Phragmites
133. Ophrys apifera .
134. Origanum vulgare .
135. Carpinus Betulus
136. Convallaria majalis .

137. Lithospermum arvense

138. Helleborus feetidus .
139. Peltidea canina .
140. Picris echioides .
141. Scilla autumnalis
142. Statice Armeria. .
143. Helleborus viridis .

144. Symphytum officinale .

145. Polygonum Bistorta
146. Rumex Acetosella .
147. Spirea Filipendule.
148. Orchis fusca .

149. Sisymbrium sylvestre .

150. Malva moschata
151. Viburnum Opulus .
152. Achillea millefolium

153. Scrophularia vernalis .

154. Nardus stricta .

155. Gnaphalium rectum
156. Vinca minor. . .
157. Thymus Calamintha

. 614
. 606
. dll
- 283
, 979
. 430
. dol
. 363
. 319
. 314
- 586
. 298
. 148
- 155
- 622
- 594
- 598
- 200
. 474
a 97.
- 483
eile
. 340
- 390
- 538
olde
. 590

ARE ARRANGED.
Plate.

158. Cistus Helianthemum .
159. Hippocrepis comosa
160. Orobanche cerulea.
161. Actza spicata

162. Oxyria reniformis .
163. Scleranthus annuus
164. Veronica hybrida

165. Ornithopus perpusillus
166. Clematis Vitalba

167. Viburnum Lantana.
168. Parietaria officinalis
169. Inula dysenterica

170. Ophrys aranifera

171. Stachys palustris

172. Cynoglossum officinale
173. Valeriana Calcitrapa
174. Cheiranthus sinuatus. .
175. Chrysanthemum segetum.
176. Cynosurus cristatus
177. Dianthus Armeria .
178. Bryonia dioica . :
179. Melampyrum cristatum
180. Verbena officinalis .
18]. Crategus Oxyacantha .
182. Linum perenne .

183. Dactylis glomerata.
184. Verbascum nigrum.

Plate.

. 279
. 658
. 382
. 654
. 714
5 eh)
. 646
. 202
. 342
. 375
. 387
- 682
. 244
« 247
. 450
. 246
. 347
. 339
. 135
. 163
. 686
. 262

67
31

55

; 694
602

INDEX OF PLANTS.—ERRATA.

Plate. Plate,
185. Orchis ustulata. . . . . 216 221. Milium effusum. . . . . 710
186. Euphrasia officinalis . . . 263 222. Doronicum Pardalianches . 754
187. Astragalus hypoglottis. . . 698 223. Acinos vulgaris . .
188. Primula farinosa . . . . 215 224. Monotropa Hypopithys
189. Adonis autumnalis. . . . 167 225. Vaccinium Vitis idea .
190. Lathyrus Aphaca . . . . 267 226. Isatis tinctoria . 5
191. Bartsia Odontites . . . . 270 227. Hypericum perforatum
192. Chenopodium murale. . . 398 228. Sambucus nigra. . .
193. Athamanta Libanotis. . . 44 229. Phyteuma orbiculare .
194. Silene anglica . . . . . 350 230. Saxifraga tridactylites .
195. Campanula patula. . . . 351 | 231. Orobus tuberosus .
196. Chenopodium acutifolium . 402 | 232. Tragopogon pratensis .
197. Arenaria trinervis . . . . 149 233. Stellaria graminea. . . . 295
198: Rubia peregrina) .. . . 327 234. Chelidonium majus. . . . 199
199° Geumyurbannmy eye. ene a7 230. .Pyrus malusi. | <2). sured
200. Geranium pratense . . . 51 236. Aithusa Cynapium. . . . I
201. Ulmus campestris? . . . 43 PRY Gsininleymemnl s 6 5 54g Hall
202: Dianthusiczesiuss) 2). . 3 522 238. Scutellaria minor . . . . 362
203. Pinus sylvestris. . . = = 104 239. Typha latifolia... . . . . 494
204. Chrysocoma Linosyris . . 766 240. Equisetum arvense. . . . 318
205. Ilex Aquifolium. . . . . 59 241. Carduus acanthoides . . . 323
206. Campanula Trachelium . . 627 242. Cochlearia Danica. . . . 127
207. Iris foetidissima, in fruit . . 292 243. Veronica serpyllifolia. . . 371
208. Geranium pheum . . . . 670 244. Allium ursinum. . . . . 366
209. Comarum palustre. . . . 558 245. Orchis Morio .. . . . 3/0
210. Lobelia urens . . . . . 550 246. Cardamine impatiens . . . 630
211. Veronica montana. . . . 678 247. Hyoscyamus niger. . . . 486
212. Viscum album mas. . . . 562 248. Hesperisinodora . . . . 435
213. Listera cordata. . . . . 634 249. Malaxis Loeselii. . . . . 582
214. Galeopsis versicolor . . . 116 200) -Ericaicinerea 9) jemmay nee
215. Fragariavesca . . . . . 690 251. Hippuris vulgaris . . . . 506
216. Convallaria multiflora, . . 278 252. Hypnum alopecurum . . . 111
217. Sisymbrium Sophia . . . 542 253. Dentaria bulbifera. . . . 144
Ze) erunus Cerasusi)) 9) 3 4.212 254. Astragalus glycyphyllos . . 208
219. Brassica campestris . . . 211 255. Orchis viridis . .. . . 5/0
220. Carlina vulgaris . . . . 642 256. Lycoperdon Bovista . . . 355
Folio.
11 line 26 add Marsh. Ent. Brit. 358. 1.
43 line 39 for Lord Sidney read Lord Sydney.
111°5th line from the bottom, for 4 read 3 distinct transformations.
112 line 2 and 5 for Zonitts read ConoPAuLPus.
line 4 for Zonitis preeusta Fab., read Conopalpus flavicollis Gyl.
Obs. All the dissections were made from the species figured.
This line shows the length of the Cassida represented, which was omitted
in the plate: itis more than one-fifth the length of the magnified figure.
215° line 38 for longicornis Fab. read longicornis Steph.
216° for The Dwarf Orchis read An Orchis, (probably maculata) was in flower, &c.
232 Mr. Davis has lately informed me that he finds Meziwm sulcatum as late as the
middle of October, that it is frequently found amongst old waste paper in book-
sellers’ warehouses, and that he discovered one in an old specimen of Dyticus,
on pulling it to pieces.
244° after line 27 insert—II. With the club serrated internally.
247>line 11 dele ante-
275 Saperda Atkinsoni was taken in Mr. Atkinson’s garden at Grove-end, Paddington,
in 1827.
347° line 27 for Eumolps read Eumolpi: I allude to the genus Lamprosoma of Kirby.
582 Mr. Henry Denny, of Leeds, has communicated the following observations on
the supposed Larve of Clythra 4-punctata: “1 suspect they inhabit Ant-hills.
In a large nest of the Formica rufa which I procured from Kirkstall Woods,
and kept in a box prepared for the purpose, I several times saw amongst the
little bits of sticks, straw, and various substances of which these insects form
their uests, a larva that appeared to be in a sort of case, formed of other ma-
terials, within which it could draw itself when alarmed. In a short time these
disappeared, and some weeks after I found 3 or 4 specimens of the Clythra 4-
punctata crawling in the box, evidently but just emerged from the pupa, as the
elytra were quite soft and pale.”
606 It was in June, not July, that Mr. Walton took the Paramecosoma on the banks
of the Nidd, where I had the pleasure of seeing it alive this year in his company.
723 last line but 1 for 393 read 392.

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v. 2 British entomology