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THE BUCHANAN BOOK
THE LIFE OF
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.,
OF MONTREAL,
FOLLOWED BY AN ACCOUNT OF THE
FAMILY OF BUCHANAN,
BY
'
A. W. PATRICK BUCHANAN, K.C
PRINTED FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION.
ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.
Page 22: Line 14 read " proctor " for " procter "
123: Delete the note at foot of page. Owing to want of space it
has been found necessary to omit an account of Chief
Justice Sir Francis Godschall Johnson by the writer,
which appeared in a Montreal newspaper at the time of
his death, and which was to have formed part of the
Appendix.
" 137: Line 17 read " controverted " for " cultivated."
189: See Appendix for notes 1 and 2.
191 : Gertrude, widow of George Buchanan, of Keston Towers,
Kent, died 29th June, 1911, aged 74 years.
" " Jane Elizabeth, daughter of John Buchanan, of Lisnamallard,
died 3rd December, 1910, at Lisnamallard, Omagh,
Tyrone, aged 88 years.
192: Anna Sophia, widow of Alexander Carlisle Buchanan, of
Riverdale, Omagh, died 2nd January, 1910, at Morden,
Manitoba, aged 68 years.
" 194: Line 10 read " Ethel Elizabeth " for " Ellen Elizabeth."
" " Mina, wife of Col. Lewis Mansergh Buchanan, C.B., died
1st April, 1908, at Edenfel, Omagh, Tyrone.
11 " Col. Lewis Mansergh Buchanan, C.B., died 23rd April, 1908,
at Edenfel, Omagh, Tyrone.
Ethel Elizabeth, daughter of Colonel Lewis Mansergh
Buchanan, C.B., and wife of William Pike Grubb, died
1st November, 1910, at Claremont, Osborne Park, Bel-
fast, aged 46 years.
" " Major L. E. Buchanan has issue a daughter, Phyllis, born
9th October, 1909.
" 238: Capt. James Buchanan Whitla died 1st May, 1911, at
Barnes, Surrey, aged 76 years.
" 240: Ada Dorothea, daughter of the late Col. Theo. Higginson,
C.B., married 3rd August, 1910, E. H. Greg of Beech-
field, Swinton, Lancashire, son of E. H. Greg, of
Quarry Bank, Cheshire.
" 247: William F. Forbes has issue a daughter, Margaret
McKenzie, born 4th September, 1910.
" Eveline Ellen, daughter of Capt. J. B. Clay, married llth
May, 1911, Frederick E. Archibald.
" Harold Bonham Clay, son of Capt. J. B. Clay, married
15th December, 1911, Helen Catherine, daughter of T.
Ridley Da vies.
" 248: Olive Bancroft, daughter of Reginald H. Buchanan, married
15th November, 1911, Osmond William Dettmrrs.
" 444: Mary Meadc, only daughter of the Honble. Mr. Justice
Buchanan and Lady Buchanan, of Clareinch, Clare-
mont, S. Africa, married llth April, 1912, Major
Edward Leigh, Hampshire Regiment, son of late Fnmri>
A. Leigh (formerly 10th Hussars), of Roscgarland, Co.
Wexford.
To
B. L. Q. B.
THIS BOOK
is
AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED.
This Edition is limited to three
hundred signed copies, of which this
copy is
No 97
CONTENTS.
Page
Life of Alexander Buchanan, Q.C., of Montreal 1
The Buchanans of that Ilk 161
The Buchanans of Blairlusk 187
James Buchanan, H.B.M. Consul at New York 197
The Buchanans of Carbeth 251
The Buchanans of Ardoch 259
The Gray-Buchanans of Scotstown 265
The Buchanans of Auchmar 271
The Buchanans of Hales Hall 281
The Buchanans of Spittal 287
The Buchanans of Blairvockie 299
The Buchanans of Montreal 303
Family of Dr. George Buchanan of Fintona, co.
Tyrone 313
The Buchanans of Arnpryor 325
The Buchanans of Lenny 333
The Buchanans of Auchineden 339
The Buchanans of Arnpryor (second family) 345
The Buchanans of Powis 349
The Buchanans of Gartacharne 355
The Carrick Buchanans of Drumpellier 363
The Buchanans of Auchintorlie 373
The Buchanans in Campsie and Baldernock 383
The Buchanans of Drummikill 389
The Buchanans of Drumhead 395
The Buchanans of Finnick-Drummond 401
The Leith-Buchanans of Ross Priory 407
Iht Buchannans late of Miltoun 411
A Genealogical Note 417
The Quatercentenary of George Buchanan 423
Some Distinguished Buchanans 431
Some Buchanans in the United States of America. . . -l."> 1
Appendix 477
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Alexander Buchanan, Q.C., from the
original painting in the possession
of A. W. P. Buchanan, K.C Frontispiece
Doctor John Buchanan, 49th Regiment
of Foot, from a miniature Opposite page 4
Doctor John Buchanan, from a pastel. " 16
The Place of Buchanan, from a draw-
ing by J. P. Neale, engraved by
M. J. Barenger, 1787, and repro-
duced by kind permission of James
Maclehose & Sons, Glasgow " 59
Mary Ann Buchanan, wife of Alexander
Buchanan, Q.C " " 84
House of Alexander Buchanan, Q.C. . . " " 148
Hon. G. C. V. Buchanan " " 150
Wentworth James Buchanan " " 154
Alexander Brock Buchanan " " 156
Mrs. A. Brock Buchanan " 158
Col. Lewis Mansergh Buchanan, C.B.,
of Edenfel " 192
James Buchanan, H.B.M. Consul at
New York " 197
Elizabeth Clarke, wife of James Bu-
chanan " " 207
INTRODUCTION.
As the name indicates this book contains the
life of Alexander Buchanan, Q.C., of Montreal,
Canada. It gives a brief account of his father,
Doctor John Buchanan, of the Forty-Ninth Regi-
ment of Foot and some time Surgeon on the
Hospital Staff of the Army in Canada. It is also
an attempt to bring down to the present day in
concise form the history of the Family of Buchanan
and of its various branches. According to tradi-
tion the family was originally Irish, the first of
the clan in Scotland being Anselan Buey Okyan.
Some years ago the following article, which the
writer considers worth reproducing, appeared in
an American newspaper:
' The Scottish Highlanders connect the an-
cient Irish with modern civilization the era of
the round towers and the Danish invasion, with
the age of the scientific method; the days of the
ancient Feans, whence the appellation of Fenian,
with this Nineteenth Century, in which, by com-
merce and utilitarianism at large, the romance of
humanity has been quite evaporated, or meta-
morphosed into life-painting of a life less large
and heroic in pageantry, if covered with a greater
number of layers of civilization.
1 ' The first glimpse that authentic history
affords of the stem of this family is offered in con-
nection with the battle of Limerick a sort of
Celtic St. Bartholomew, with a nobler and more
patriotic purpose. After six centuries of struggle,
Vi INTRODUCTION
Ireland had succumbed to the rule of the Danish
hordes, which, from the fourth century to the
eleventh, had indulged in almost annual invasions
of England, Scotland, and Ireland. The order of
Feans giants was first instituted in Ireland to
repel these irruptions ; and their general was termed
King of the Feans, still the native Irish term for
general. The less ancient order of Dalgheass was,
upon the destruction of the order of Feans in the
fifth century, instituted as a sort of national guard,
notwithstanding the vigilance of which the Danes
succeeded in bringing the Irish under subjection,
with Sueno, the father of Canute, as King of Den-
mark, England and Ireland, both held by Scandi-
navian usurpation.
' The Limerick slaughter is generally referred
to this year, and was executed by one of those
witty stratagems by which the insolence of an
enemy is sometimes turned to his destruction.
Sueno, in honor of his birthday, ordered a general
fete and celebration throughout the kingdom ; and
the Danish Governor of Ireland distributed orders
to all the department commanders to repair to
Limerick to assist at the festival, ordering the
Irish nobility, his vassals, to send in a couple of
thousand of the most beautiful of their daughters
to amuse the Danish officers. The nobility, ap-
parently submitting, thus introduced into the city
a couple of thousands of Irish youth, yet beardless,
dressed as women, and concealing long Irish skeins
or daggers in their skirts, with orders to assassinate
the Danish officials in their tipsiness, and possess
themselves of the guard-house. Successful in this,
the conquerors gave the signal to an Irish band
concealed in the adjoining woods ; and a massacre,
only paralleled in contemporary annals by that
instigated by Ethelred in England, was the con-
sequence.
INTRODUCTION vii
" One of the Irish boys who on that fatal
night entered Limerick as liberators, was Anselan
Buey Okyan, pronounced Buey O'Kane, and cor-
rupted into Buchanan. These Okyans are reputed
to belong to the Milesian stem of the Irish nobility.
" This somewhat traditional massacre must
have occurred at the opening of the eleventh century
for in 1016 Anselan Buey Okyan (or Anselan
O'Kane the Fair) emigrated to Scotland, where he
was introduced by a nobleman, probably one of
the ancient earls of Lennox, to King Malcolm II.,
who employed him in service against the Danes,
then under the famous Canute, to whom tradition
attributes the story of Canute and the sea. Having
won honorable distinction in several battles with
the Danes, the young adventurer was granted
estates in the North of Scotland, inclusive probably
of Pitwhondy and Strathyre, and a coat of arms,
which is substantially the present blazon, and is
described as : Or, a lion rampant sable, armed and
langued gules, holding in his dexter paw a sabre
proper.
' Descended from the Ulster Irish princes
what insignia belonged to Okyan previous to this
grant, annals have left no record; and thus the
family dates from the Scottish stem of Anselan
the Fair, with estates in the north about the year
112 5 possibly a trifle later, possibly a trifle earlier.
"It was first a dependence of the earls of
Lennox, but never assumed any of the armorial
designations of that ancient Scottish family,
though this was the custom in those days, as is
evidenced by the fact that most of the surnames
of Teviotdale and Douglassdale assume parts of
the Douglass arms, and those of Murrayland the
arms of the Murrays.
1 Tradition records that Anselan Okyan mar-
ried one Dennistoun, by whom he had a son named
viii INTRODUCTION
John, in whose favor Alcuin, Earl of Lennox, made
a grant of the Wester Main. Third in order comes
another Anselan, and is succeeded by Walter as
fourth lord, his son Girald (or Bernard) succeeding
to the title, to be succeeded by Macbeath, of which
Macbeth is a Shakespearian form. Anselan son
of Macbeath, and seventh lord, was again the
recipient of a grant from the Earl of Lennox, of
an island in Lake Lomond. The grant, dated
1225, identifies the island as Clareinch, a dissyllable
that afterward became the war-cry or slogan of
the Okyans, the passing of which from mouth to
mouth was the signal for all the effective forces of
Okyans to rendezvous on the shore in sight of
the island-seat of the family. This slogan was
superseded by the fire -cross signal, which consisted
of a faggot crossed at the end, with a bar marked
at the extremities by fire. Gilbert, son of the
last-named, and first to assume the surname of
Buchanan, was succeeded by Sir Maurice, who
had three sons Maurice, his successor; Allan, who
married the heiress of Lenny ; and John the reputed
ancestor of a third ramification of this antique
family.
' The second Sir Maurice was contemporary
with Robert Bruce and the famous Sir William
Wallace; and the annals record that the former,
after his defeat at Dalree, by Macdougal of Lorn
and his adherents, wandered alone and on foot to
Lake Lomond, where he was secreted by Sir
Maurice, after lying over night at King's Cave,
near that sheet, with which is associated the legend
of the spider; and finally conveyed to a place of
safety. Then comes another Walter, a second
John, and then the famous Sir Alexander, through
whose valor the battle of Bauge was won to the
Scots and the dauphin of France in the year 1420.
He engaged the English general, the Duke of
INTRODUCTION ix
Clarence, in single combat, and, slaying him, turned
the tide of victory. For this service the dauphin
rewarded him with the following addition to the
family arms: A second tressure round the field,
flowered and counterflowered, with fleurs de Us of
the second, and in a crest a hand coupee holding a
duke's coronet, with two laurel branches wreathed
round the same; which addition was retained by
the Buchanans ever after. Alexander fell at the
battle of Vernoil in 1424, and was succeeded by
Sir Walter, his brother, to whom Lennox granted
the estate of Ledlewan, who married Isabel,
daughter of the Duke of Albany.
14 From the third son of this Sir Walter comes
the Carbeth limb of the family tree, whence its
known American representatives are descended.
11 The family has, since the days of the histo-
rian of Scotland, born in 1506, held the position
of one of the most illustrious literary families of
Scotland, having been identified from George, the
author of "De Sphaera," "De Jure Regni apud
Scotos," to the present day, with Scottish historical
writing and the poetry of the North. In the time
of the Reformation George Buchanan was, next to
John Knox, its ablest advocate.
44 The Carbeth stirps, one of the six descended
from the famous Anselan, dates from Sir Thomas
of Gartincaber, who acquired Carbeth about the
year 1476, and had two sons, Thomas and John,
and was succeeded by the former. Three Thomases
of Carbeth follow, then three Johns and one Wil-
liam, which brings the record within the limits of
the present century.
44 From the third cadet of the Carbeth stem
came John of Blairluisk, whose first son, George,
relinquishing his Scottish honors, emigrated to
Ireland, and settled in Tyrone county. Of his
four sons, John and William erected families in
X INTRODUCTION
the county of Tyrone, George in Munster, and
Thomas in Donegal. William was succeeded by
his son Patrick, who in his turn was succeeded by
Robert, the ancestor of the Pennsylvania stock
centred in Meadville. Robert had two sons-
Thomas, late a military celebrity in Cumberland
county, Penn., and Alexander.
11 A second American stock, representative of
the Carbeth lords, descends from George of Munster,
is located at Louisville, Ky., and was, in 1857,
represented by two brothers, George and Andrew;
while from Thomas of Donegal was descended the
late President of the United States, James Buchan-
an; a namesake, James Buchanan, recently British
Consul at the port of New York, was descended
from John of Tyrone. Belonging to this branch
also are the Buchanans of Northern New York;
Thomas, who married a kinswoman, a Livingstone;
their son George, who was the father of the well-
known authoress, Mrs. Gildersleeve Longs treet, of
New York city.
" Thomas of Cumberland county had four
daughters, who were all living in 1857, but without
issue. Alexander, of the same county, was the
father of five sons and two daughters, to wit,
Robert, James, Mary, Alexander, Thomas, Sarah,
and John, of whom Robert, the eldest, removed
to Cincinnati, carrying the stock West; four died
early, and, John excepted, without issue, and two,
Alexander and Mary, settled at Meadville. Robert
of Cincinnati left one son, Charles M., married
about the year 1856; Alexander, the third son,
had five sons and four daughters; John left one
daughter; Mary, who married a Mr. Compton,
had three sons and four daughters; and Sarah,
whose husband was Dr. Ellis, of Meadville, left a
daughter.
' To return to the direct line, Sir Walter was
succeeded by his eldest son, Patrick, who in turn
INTRODUCTION xi
resigned the lordship to his son Walter, the fourth
of the name, in 1474. The next in the succession
was Patrick, the second of the name, whose wife
was daughter of the Earl of Argyle. After George,
the seventeenth laird, came John, who married a
daughter of Lord Livingstone. The succession was
continued regularly to the twenty-second laird,
who was John, the third of the name, and who
married for first wife Mary, daughter of Lord Henry
Cardross, and died in 1682, leaving two daughters.
With him the lairdship, after continuing in the
name six hundred and sixty-five years without
interruption, expired, the estates having been put
out of entail by his immediate predecessors, and
now became entirely alienated, and the title,
" Buchanan of that Ilk," extinct. The estates
passed into the hands of the Duke of Montrose.
" At the present time many of the name of
Buchanan hold possessions within the bounds of
the old clan and the vicinity, and the descendants
of the cadets of the old lairds keep the estates
which have remained in the families for hundreds
of years. Among the latter are Arnpryor, Lennie,
Carbeth, Auchmar and others.
1 Buchanan of Lennie claims to be the present
chief.
" The clan plaid or tartan of the Buchanans
is green, red, and yellow, with chequers of medium
size. The badge worn in the bonnet is a sprig
of the large bilberry.
' The paternal arms have descended with
trifling alteration for eight and a-half centuries,
reckoning to the present date. The blazon, as
seen in the engraving, is described as follows:
" Or, a lion rampant sable, armed and langued
gules, within a double tressure, flowered and
counterflowered with fleur de Us of the second.
" Crest: a hand couped holding up a ducal
xii INTRODUCTION
coronet proper, with a laurel wreath inclosing it,
disposed orleways proper.
" Supporters: two falcons garnished or.
"Ancient motto above the crest: ' Audaces
Juvo.' I favor the daring.
" Modern motto in compartment: ' Clarior
Hinc Honos.' From this a brighter honor."
As the above article shows, certain branches
of the family migrated to Ireland, the most notable
of which were the cadets of Carbeth and Spittal.
It is difficult to fix the exact date of these migra-
tions which took place towards the latter part of
the seventeenth century, but they were probably
the result of the Plantation of Ulster begun by
King James I, in 1611. "The success of the
" plantation," says Charles George Walpole in his
Short History of the Kingdom of Ireland (1882),
" became apparent in a few years, when commis-
" sioners were sent down to inspect the progress
" which was being made. The English and Scotch
" gentry who had taken up the land, were bona
''fide occupying it with their wives and families.
' The Londoners had fortified Deny London
" Deny, as thenceforth it was called with ram-
" parts twelve feet thick, drawbridges, and battle-
' ' mented gates. Fair castles, handsome mansions,
" and substantial farm-buildings were springing up
" in every part of the country; ' fulling mills ' and
" ' corn mills ' were utilizing the ample water-
-power; windmills were spinning on the rising
" ground; lime kilns were smoking, in preparation
INTRODUCTION xiii
" for more extensive building operations. There.
" were smiling gardens and orchards and fields
"in ' good tillage after the English manner.'
" Market towns and villages were rising, with
" paved streets and well-built houses and churches ;
" schools and bridges were in course of construc-
" tion."
The County of Tyrone appears to have been
the chief place of settlement of the Buchanans,
and there were several distinct families of that
name living about Fintona and Omagh. In 1691
a George Buchanan was High Sheriff of County
Fermanagh, and he is apparently the same George
Buchanan whose name appears on the list of those
attainted by King James II, in his Parliament held
in Dublin in 1689, belonging to the counties of
Fermanagh and Tyrone, as given by Dr. William
King, Dean of St. Patrick's, in the Appendix to
his work on the State of the Protestants in Ireland,
where it is given as " George Bochanon of En-
niskilling, Esq."
The writer wishes to offer his grateful
thanks to those members of the family who so
kindly answered his enquiries and gave him in-
formation regarding their different branches.
ist OCTOBER, 1911.
LIFE
OF
Alexander Buchanan, Q.C.
CHAPTER I.
Alexander Buchanan, the subject of this
Sketch, was descended from the old Scotch family
of Buchanan of Blairvocky. 1 The estate of Blair-
vocky was situated at the foot of Ben Uird, or
Blairvocky Hill, in the neighbourhood of Loch
Lomond, in the Trossachs. The last representa-
tive of this family, William Buchanan, last Laird
of Blairvocky, towards the close of the sixteenth
century, sold his estate and went to Ireland, where
he settled in the vicinity of Omagh, in the County
of Tyrone.
Alexander Buchanan was the eldest son of
Doctor John Buchanan, of His Majesty's 4gth
Regiment of Foot, who was born in the year 1769,
at Eccles Green, near Fintona, in the County of
C 1 ) The name "Blairvocky" or " Blairvockie " means bushy
plain plain full of cottages or the place where the roebuck feeds.
2 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Tyrone, where his father, Alexander Buchanan,
lived. This Alexander Buchanan, who was
descended in a direct line from the above William
Buchanan, last Laird of Blairvocky, is called of
Ednasop or Milltown, having obtained a lease of
the premises of Milltown in the year 1783. Mill-
town is the old name of Ednasop, a townland
adjoining Fintona, and now forming part of the
town. He had previously lived at Eccles Green
in the townland of Donacavey, distant about one
mile from Fintona.
Samuel Burdy, who has been called "an Irish
Boswell," writing, in 1792, in his "Life of the
late Revd. Philip Skelton," Rector of Fintona
from 1766 to 1780, thus describes Fintona as it
appeared at that time :
"Fintona is a market-town in the County of Tyrone,
five miles distant from Omagh. The proper name of the
parish is Donacavey, but as Fintona is the market-town,
the parish by custom assumes that name. It is six miles
square, and though of a coarse soil was even then tolerably
well cultivated. It also has two hundred acres of glebe,
seventy of which lie near the town, but the rest is moun-
tainous, and consequently of little value. A third part of
the parish is tithe-free, which made the living, though so
large, and with such a glebe, worth scarce five hundred a
year .... There is a market in Fintona every
Friday, and also some stated fairs in the year, when they
usually have violent quarrels. The twenty-second of June
is a remarkably quarreling fair. But they were then even
more furious quarrellers than at present, as the private
stills were more numerous, and of course the people more
disorderly."
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 3
In the town of Fintona, Burdy says, the peo-
ple were almost all Presbyterians, but in a short
time Skelton brought over nearly the whole of
these to the Established church.
A recent description says :
"The town of Fintona is situate in the southern por-
tion of the County Tyrone. It stands on the property of
the late John S. Eccles, Esq., D.L. Its ancient castle, of
probably Elizabethan times, is now in utter ruin; but its
situation was admirably adapted to overawe and com-
mand the entire town."
Alexander Buchanan of Ednasop died in 1810,
at the advanced age of 94 years. His death is
said to have been caused by breaking his leg.
His wife, Jane, died in 1790, aged 51 years.
Besides their son John, they had Beavor, William,
George and Mary. Beavor and William lived at
Fintona, and George at Omagh. The daughter
Mary married Mr. Gerrard Irvine and lived at
Lisnagore, Irvine's Town, near Omagh. 1
John Buchanan, the father of Alexander Bu-
chanan, the subject of this Sketch, having studied
for the medical profession, for which he appears
(*) William Buchanan of Fintona died in 1834, aged 70 years.
Beavor Buchanan of Fintona died unmarried in 1836, aged 69
years.
George Buchanan, of Omagh, died unmarried in 1843, aged 73
years.
Mrs. Irvine died in 1841, aged 72 years.
William Buchanan of Fintona left four sons: (1) Alexander
Buchanan of Ednasop, who died unmarried in 1856, aged 47 years;
hn Buchanan, of Ednasop, who died unmarried in 1853, aged
irs; (3) Beavor Buchanan. <>f Tullyliroom. who died unmar-
">0, aged 44 years, and (4) George Buchanan, of Ednasop
and Tullybroom, who died unmarried in 1890.
4 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
to have been eminently qualified, entered the
army and became in due course Surgeon of the
4gth Regiment of Foot. It is not known now
where he studied medicine and surgery. In those
days, in order to qualify for the post of army
surgeon, it was necessary to pass the College of
Surgeons: its Court of Examiners had to ex-
amine all army and navy surgeons, their assistants
and mates, and also to inspect their instruments,
He was present with his Regiment, commanded
by Lieut. -Colonel Isaac Brock, afterward Sir
Isaac Brock, at the celebrated attack of Copen-
hagen, by Lord Nelson, on the 2nd of April, 1801.
Of this battle Tupper, in his Life of Sir Isaac
Brock, says:
"On the 27th February of that year (1801) the 49th
regiment, then about 760 rank and file, embarked at Ports-
mouth on board Nelson's squadron there, which got under
weigh at daylight the next morning, and proceeded to
the Downs. The squadron next sailed for Yarmouth
roads, where his lordship placed himself under Sir Hyde
Parker, the commander-in-chief of the fleet destined for
the Baltic. Nelson was anxious to proceed with the utmost
dispatch, and with such ships as were in readiness, to the
Danish capital, so as to anticipate by the rapidity of his
movements the formidable preparations for defence which
the Danes had scarcely thought of at that early season;
but to his annoyance, the fleet, which consisted of about
fifty sail, of which forty-one pendants, including sixteen
of the line, did not leave Yarmouth roads until the i2th
of March. The land forces were equally distributed on
board of the line of battleships. On the i5th the fleet was
in some measure scattered by a heavy gale of wind, which
prevented its reaching the Naze until the i8th. The next
v?> m
DOCTOR JOHN BUCHANAN,
40th Regiment of Foot.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C 5
day the fleet appears to have been purposely detained off
the Scaw, and did not reach Elsinore until the 24th. Here
a few days were lost in deliberation, and it was not until
the soth of March that the fleet proceeded through the
Sound with a top-sail breeze from N.W. The semi-circular
form of the land of Elsinore, which was thickly studded
with batteries, caused the ships to pass in a form truly
picturesque and nearly similar, but the forbearance of the
Swedes, who did not fire a gun, happily enabled them to
incline towards the Swedish shore, so as to avoid the Danish
shot, which fell in showers, but at least a cable's length
from the ships. The whole fleet came to an anchor about
mid-day between the island of Huen and Copenhagen,
and it was soon perceived that the various delays had en-
abled the Danes to line the shoals near the Crown batteries,
and the front of the harbour with a formidable flotilla.
When the preparations for the attack were completed,
Lieut. -Colonel Brock was appointed to lead the 49th in
storming the principal Treckroner or Crown battery, in
conjunction with five hundred seamen under Captain Fre-
mantle, as soon as its fire of nearly seventy guns should
be silenced; but the protracted and heroic defence of the
Danes rendering the attempt impracticable, Colonel Brock,
during the hard-fought battle, remained on board the
"Ganges" of 74 guns, commanded by Captain Fremantle,
with the light Company and the band; and at its close
he accompanied Captain Fremantle to the "Elephant"
74, Nelson's flag ship, where he saw the hero write his
celebrated letter to the Crown Prince of Denmark."
In the spring of 1802, John Buchanan came
to Canada with the 4gth on the staff of Lieut.-
Colonel Brock. The regiment was stationed at
different times at Montreal, York, Fort George
and Quebec. 1 In 1803, being ordered to move
(') The facings of the 49th Regiment were full preen, white lace \\ith
two red and one green stripe. After thirteen years service in Can-
ada the Regiment wasembarked for England on the 25th May, 1815.
6 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
with his regiment to Fort George, he was com-
pelled to leave his wife, who was in bad health ,.
at Three Rivers, where her illness soon after
proved fatal. He was very intimate with Brock,
who had a high opinion of him. They were of
the same age.
Under date 26th February, 1803, Brock writes
as follows from Montreal to Major Green, the
Military Secretary:
"Hospital Mate Buchanan will accompany the detach-
ment going to Fort George. The uncommon healthy state
of the garrison has enabled me to comply with that gentle-
man's desire of going for a few weeks to Three Rivers
where he is likely to be of great utility and service in his
profession. I cannot speak too highly of his attentions
and merit, and as he has a wife and three small children
to maintain, I presume in his behalf to entreat the Lieu-
tenant-General to sanction his receiving the different allow-
ances, to which he would have been entitled, had he re-
mained stationed here, and if it were possible to permit
his returning with the detachment of the 4ist Regiment,
it would be conferring an additional and great obligation
on himself and family."
Brock writes on the igth February, 1804, from
Fort George to Major Green,
"Thinking that Doctor Walsh would certainly be here,
Doctor Buchanan made the necessary arrangements to
begin his journey on this day, I have not therefore thought
it necessary to disappoint him, there being few in hospital
and Doctor Kerr having offered to give his attendance as
long as it was required.
The very great attention which Doctor Buchanan has
given to his duty since he has been attached to the 4Qth
Regiment, and the superior professional abilities which he
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 7
unquestionably has, on different occasions, evinced, re-
quire that his merit should he made known to General
Hunter, which I request you to do accordingly."
In a postscript which reveals Brock's kindly
disposition, he says:
"If you possibly can prevail on some good natured
soul, to assist Mr. Buchanan with a seat to Kingston, you
will confer a great obligation on a very worthy man. This
I insert without his knowledge."
William Foster Coffin, in his "War of 1812,"
writes of Brock:
"Like the white horse in a battlepiece by Wouvermans,
in every delineation of this war, Isaac Brock stands forth
from the canvas, the central figure and commanding feature
of the scene. It will not be uninteresting, therefore, to
offer, at the outset, a brief sketch of his earlier career. He
was born in the Island of Guernsey, in 1769, the year which
gave birth to Napoleon and Wellington. He was de-
scended from an old and respected family. He obtained
his first commission in 1785, served in the West Indies,
was promoted rapidly, thanks to the havoc of the climate;
and, by the force of a vigorous constitution, survived to
command the 49th Foot as senior Colonel in the expedition
to Holland in 1799, where he made his mark under adverse
circumstances. In 1801 he was selected with his regiment
to serve under Lord Nelson, in his memorable attack on
Copenhagen. In 1802, Brock accompanied his regiment
to Canada, and was, for the next ten years of his life, iden-
tified with the existence of a country which he ultimately
governed wisely, defended nobly, and which points to his
grave as the monument of his glory. He was a man of
natural capacity, self-cultivated, resolute and endowed re-
markably with the qualities of forethought and foresight.
His correspondence, imperfectly preserved, makes us regret
that so much should have been lost. These memorials of
an honest, modest and truly brave nature, have furnished
8 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
the greater part of these details. In person he was tall
and athletic, with a commanding bearing and gentle man-
ner. In private life he was irreproachable, universally
respected by those who did not know him, and loved by
those who did. His public life speaks for itself."
In the year 1805 Doctor Buchanan was or-
dered to York (now Toronto), having been
selected by His Excellency, Lt. -General Hunter,
Commander-in-Chief of His Majesty's Forces in
the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, to be
his medical adviser. But apparently he was later
ordered to St. Johns, as on the i8th July of that
year he memorializes General Hunter asking
not to be sent to St. Johns and stating,
"my pride was flattered on being ordered to York.
' ' There I had every prospect of gaining something
"from my professional labours, and besides, the
"ultimate advantage, which must attend the per-
"son whom your Excellency selects to wait on
"your person." His wish was evidently grati-
fied and he seems to have remained at Quebec.
The death of General Hunter which took place
suddenly at 4 o'clock in the forenoon of the 2ist
of August, 1805, during one of his official visits
to Quebec as Commander-in-Chief may have had
some effect on Doctor Buchanan not proceeding
to St. Johns. He permanently settled in Quebec,
where he soon acquired a large and lucrative
practice. He was one of the Surgeons appointed
to examine those who applied to be Licensed as
Physicians and Surgeons, or as it is now called
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 9
Board of Examiners, which appointment he held
at the time of his death. In 1815, the other
members at Quebec, were James Fisher, M.D.,
James Macaulay, William Holmes and Thomas
Lloyd.
His practice was not confined to the city but
extended to the country. In the inventory of the
succession of Jacques Nicolas Perrault, Seigneur
of River Ouelle, who died on August 5th, 1812,
his account for professional services rendered
amounted to 42.7-2. He was distinguished for
his professional ability. It is said that on one
occasion he was summoned from Quebec to
attend the Governor at Niagara, in those days
of slow locomotion an arduous undertaking. De
Gaspe, in his Memoires, in narrating the circum-
stances of the death of the Honourable Charles
Tarrieu de Lanaudiere, which took place at Que-
bec in the autumn of the year 1811, mentions
Doctor Buchanan:
"Being seventy years old at the time of his tragic
death, Mr. de Lanaudiere was yet full of vigor and still
rode on horseback with as much ease as a young man.
Being invited to dine at Notre Dame de Foi at the house
of a Mr. Ritchie, he offered a scat in his gig to his friend,
George Brown, whose son, a Colonel in the English Army,
has since played a certain role in the trial of Queen Caro-
line, the wife of George IV. A young groom on horseback
followed the carriage.
"Doctor Buchanan, a friend of Mr. de Lanaudiere,
observed to him during the dinner that he was eating fish
that was half cooked, which was very indigestible.
IO ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
" 'Bah!' said he, 'I am very hungry. I have never
had indigestion in my life, and I shall certainly not begin
to have it now at my age.'
"As they were leaving towards midnight, Mr. de Lanau-
diere gave orders to his servant to drive Mr. Brown home,
while he would return on horseback. 'It is such a fine
night, said he, 'that it will be a pleasant ride for me.'
The young groom on his return to the house, unharnessed
the horse, and went into the house to await his master,
but unfortunately fell asleep.
"Between five and six o'clock in the morning a ser-
vant of Bishop Mountain's going to a farm belonging to
his master, perceived a horse, which was calmly feeding
near the inanimate body of a man covered with hoar
frost. For by a cruel fatality, although it was only in
the beginning of September, there had been a hard frost
during the night. Great was the surprise of this man in
recognizing in this spot and at this hour Mr. de Lanaudiere.
"Nevertheless, it was he who lay inanimate on that
same battle field where half a century before he had fought ;
on the very spot, perhaps, from which his bleeding body
had been carried to the General Hospital.
"Seeing that he was still alive, this man hastened to
loosen his cravat; and Mr. de Lanaudiere recovered con-
sciousness. He survived this accident three weeks, but
spoke very little. The physicians were of the opinion that
he would have recovered his health had it not been for the
intense cold to which he had been exposed for almost six
hours."
During the latter part of his life, Doctor
Buchanan lived at No. 17 Parloir Street, at Que-
bec, which he had bought on the 2nd February,
1811. On the site of this house now stands
the Archbishopric of Quebec. Here he had for
neighbour the Honourable Francois Baby. This
house was sold on the gth May, 1815, for fourteen
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. II
thousand dollars. In the Quebec Mercury of
Tuesday the i6th May, 1815, appeared the follow-
ing notice which gives some idea of his style of
living :
"On Wednesday next the lyth instant at the house
No. 1 7 Rue du Parloir, next door to the Honourable Frans.
Baby, at one o'clock, the valuable household furniture of
Doctor Buchanan, consisting of mahogany bedsteads,
Chests of Drawers, Sideboard, Dining, Card and Break-
fast tables, Sofas, Chairs, Carpets, Feather Beds, Matrasses,
Silver Spoons, Plated Candlesticks, Knives and Forks,
Decanters, Glasses, a blue China Table Sett, a Glass Dessert
Ditto, a handsome Grate, Stoves, Kitchen Utensils, etc.,
also,
Port, Madeira, Sherry, Claret and Albaflor, Wines of a
Superior quality ;
A few medical books and book case ;
A considerable quantity of drugs;
A cow and calf;
Cariole, harnesses, saddles and bridles;
Carts and a great variety of other articles."
In ' Maple Leaves, ' Sir James Lemoine
writes :
"The Abbe* (Casgrain) thus describes Parloir Street
a narrow thoroughfare which skirts the very wall of the
Ursuline Chapel, where the gallant rival of Wolfe has
slumbered for 133 years in the grave scooped out by an
English shell: "Little Parloir Street was one of the chief
centres where (in 1758-59) the beau monde of Quebec as-
sembled ; two salotts were in special request ; that of Madame
de la Naudiere and that of Madame de Beaubassin; both
ladies were famed for their wit and beauty. Montcalm
was so taken up with these salons that in his correspondence
he went to the trouble of locating the exact spot which each
12 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
house occupied; one, says he, stood at the corner of the
street facing the Ursuline Convent, the other, at the cor-
ner of Parloir and St. Louis Street. Madame de la Nau-
diere, nee Genevive de Boishebert, was a daughter of the
Seigneur of River Ouelle, and Madame Hertel de Beaubas-
sin, nee Catherine Janet de Vercheres, was a daughter of the
Seigneur of Vercheres. Their husbands held commissions
as officers in the Canadian Militia. It was also in Parloir
street that Madame Pe"an, often referred to in Montcalm's
letters, held her brilliant court."
Doctor Buchanan married, first, Lucy Rich-
ardson, who was born in England, and came
with him to Canada, and died at Three Rivers
on the 25th November, 1803. At the time of
his wife's death he was Assistant-Surgeon to the
49th and Hospital Mate on the Staff of Canada,
and on duty at Fort George. The certificate
of her burial pathetically records that no re-
lations were present. 1
The personality of Lucy Richardson seems
to have passed away into oblivion. It is
not known where she was born, who were
0) The Revd. R. Q. Short officiated at her burial and Louis
Gugy and Alex. Clifford signed the Register as witnesses.
The Hon. Louis Gugy was the son of Col. Bartholomew Gugy,
an officer in the French Service who came to Canada. His uncle,
the Hon. Conrad Gugy became an officer in the English Service in
Canada, and at one time owned the St. Maurice Forges at Three
Rivers, and was Seigneur of the Fiefs of DuMontier. Grand Pre and
Gros Bois. He was also a member of the Executive and Legislative
Councils. He died at Montreal on the 10th April, 1786. Louis Gugy
was appointed Sheriff of Three Rivers on the 13th August, 1805,
and on the breaking out of the war in 1812 he resigned his office to
command the Militia. After the war he was elected a member of
the House of Assembly and on the 3rd March, 1827, he was ap-
pointed Sheriff of Montreal, which he held until 1837. He died in
July, 1840. He was the father of the Hon. Bartholemi Conrad
Augustus Gugy.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 13
her people, the circumstances of her betrothal,
or the date and place of her marriage. Her
very features have as it were mysteriously
disappeared. A miniature of Lucy Richardson
was in the possession of the family until the
1 6th of December, 1827, when "the house ad-
joining the shipyard of Messrs. Hart Logan &
Co. (at Montreal) formerly used as St. Mary's
Foundry," and then occupied by Alexander Bu-
chanan, the subject of this Memoir, " was broken
into by some robbers," and the "miniature was
carried off." A reward of five pounds "was
offered to be paid on the apprehension and con-
viction of the depredators," but apparently with-
out success.
By this marriage there were three children :
1. Alexander Buchanan, the subject of this Sketch.
2. John Buchanan, born at Ipswich, in England,- in
the year 1800. He was educated at Quebec, and on the
25th January, 1815, received from Sir George Prevost, a
commission as Lieutenant in the Canadian Voltigeurs under
Lieut. -Colonel de Salaberry. On the 2 5th July, 1815, he
retired on half pay, and about 1820, he engaged in the
lumber business on the Ottawa in partnership with William
Coffin. He married at L'Orignal, U.C., on the 2oth August,
1829, Catherine Grant, daughter of Hon. Alexander Grant,
of Duldregan House, near L'Orignal, in Upper Canada,
and died at Niagara Falls, Upper Canada, in December,
1837, He had issue.
(1) Lucy, who died young, in 1847.;
(2) Jane Louise Buchanan, unmarried, of L'Orignal;
(3) Alexander Grant Buchanan, of Brooklyn, N.Y.,
born at Clarence, U.C., on ist November, 1833;
married, in 1878, Anna Field, but has no issue.
14 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
3. Jane Mary, born on the 2 5th December, 1801, at
Chelsea, in England, and baptized on the i;th January,
1802, in the Parish Church of St. Luke, Chelsea. On the
death of her father's second wife she made her home with
the Perraults, with whom she lived until her marriage on
the 3rd November, 1820, at Quebec, to Captain William
Hall, widower. She died on the 3oth March, 1872, at
Hamilton, Ont., They had issue:
(1) Georgiana, born i4th September, 1823, at Que-
bec; married at Hamilton, U.C., on i2th September,
1851, to Daniel Stuart Busteed, merchant, at that
time of Montreal and later of Cross Point, Que. She
died on September 26th, 1895, at Restigouche, P.Q.,
leaving issue:
(i) Agnes Mary; (2) Emma Jane.
(2) James, born in 1824 at Quebec, and died the
same year.
(3) Agnes Margaret, born 8th January, 1826, in
Greenock, Scotland, married on June 24th, 1846, to
John Clark, of Ross-shire, Scotland, and later of Cleve-
land, Ohio, and died there on June, 1901, leaving
issue: i. Agnes Dyherr, died in 1851 5(2) John Bu-
chanan, born 9th November, 1849, at Hamilton, U.C.,
(3) Jane Margaret McLeod, died January, 24th 1895;
(4) Catharine Lucy Leigh, died in 1857; (5) Georgiana;
(6) Mary Alexandrina; (7) Florence, died in 1863; (8)
William Hall, died in 1864.
(4) William, born in 1834, at Sorel, and died in
1854, at Bahia, South America.
Doctor Buchanan married secondly, on the
i4th February, 1809, at Quebec, Ursule Perrault,
daughter of the Hon. Joseph Francois Perrault,
for many years Prothonotary of the Court of
King's Bench for the District of Quebec. At this
time he was forty years of age. They were
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 15
married by the Revd. Salter Jehosaphat Moun-
tain, officiating Anglican Minister at Quebec, in
the presence of Joseph Francois Perrault, father;
Joseph Perrault, Junior, brother, Hon. Francois
Baby, uncle, and the Hon. Oliver Perrault, Louis
Perrault, Jean Baptiste D'Estimauville, Grand
Voyer of the District of Quebec, Hon. Jean Bap-
tiste Le Comte Dupre, Seigneur of St. Francis
and D'Argenteuil and Charles Voyer, cousins of
the bride. She was born on the 4th August, 1785,
and died of consumption the same year as she
was married, and was buried on the 28th De-
cember, 1809, in the Catholic Church at Quebec.
Doctor Buchanan had also a son named
George, born at Quebec in August, 1805. This
George was, by his father's will, left the sum of
five hundred pounds, which was to be put out
at interest and secured on good landed property,
the interest to be applied to his support and
education, until he was twenty-one years old,
when he was to receive the principal. After his
father's death, he went to live with Mr. Joseph
Francois Perrault. He was educated at Dr.
Wilkie's school at Quebec, and on the 3ist July,
1821, was indentured by his brother, Alexander
Buchanan, Advocate, then of Montreal, to Mr.
Perrault, as law student and clerk, Mr. Perrault
agreeing to teach him the law and the practice of
advocate, solicitor and counsel, besides "lodg-
ing, heating and nourishing him," and allowing
him to keep for his own maintenance the thirty
l6 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
pounds of annual revenue which he had. He
appears to have given up the law and studied
medicine, but abandoning this also, he studied
navigation, and in 1822 left Canada on a sea voy-
age. He returned in 1828 and left again in 1830.
He died at Liverpool on the 25th October, 1870,
aged 65 years, leaving a son, George Buchanan,
now living at Liscard, near Liverpool, in Eng-
land, from whom the following account of his
father has been received:
"My father should have been a doctor, but unfortun-
ately he was placed with an undesirable man in Quebec,
whose name I forget, and being left very much to himself,
and coming into contact with sea-going men, he left his
occupation and ran away to sea. Some years after he re-
turned to Canada and joined his brother John, who was
then lumbering in the backwoods, and remained with him
until John married. My father again took a roving com-
mission, following the sea until 1846, when he married my
mother, a native of Milford Haven. He took one more
voyage to sea, and in the following year settled down in
Liverpool, where he resided until his death in 1870, at the
age of 65. Whilst following the sea, he spent a consider-
able time in the British Navy."
The Doctor died at the residence of Mr. Per-
rault, at Quebec, on the i6th October, 1815. By
his Will, five hundred pounds was left to his son
George, and the rest of his estate to "Alexander,
"John and Jane Mary Buchanan, his three chil-
dren, issue of his lawful marriage with the late
"Lucy Richardson, his late wife, deceased, to
"be divided between them equally, share and
DOCTOR JOHN IU ( HANAN.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. IJ
"share alike." He appointed "Joseph Fran-
"cois Perrault, Esquire, one of the Prothono-
"taries of His Majesty's Court of King's Bench,
"and Andrew Stuart, Esq., Advocate, his friends"
to be the executors of his will. Mr. Andrew
Stuart was appointed tutor to Alexander and
John, and Mr. J. F. Perrault to Jane and George,
and Mr. Claude Denechau was appointed sub-
tutor to the four children.
The following notice appeared in the Quebec
"Gazette" of Thursday, igth October, 1815:
"Died. On Monday night last, John Buchanan,
Esq., late Surgeon on the Hospital Staff of the
Army in Canada, and during several years one of
the most respectable and extensive Medical Prac-
titioners in this City."
In appearance, Doctor Buchanan was tall.
As he grew older, he stooped slightly. While a
young man he had a high colour, and, as was the
custom of the day, wore his hair in a queue. His
features were rather small and regular, with firm
lips. In later life his hair was white, his fore-
head high and well developed. His face, which
inclined to the lengthy oval, had a gentle and
somewhat sad expression.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. IQ
CHAPTER II.
1798-1819.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN'S BIRTH AND EDUCATION
HIS FELLOW STUDENTS AT WILKIE'S SCHOOL HE
STUDIES LAW AND IS ADMITTED TO THE BAR HIS
GREAT DILIGENCE.
Alexander Buchanan was born at Gosport, in
England, on the 23rd April, 1798, and came with
his parents to Canada in 1802. It is to be re-
gretted that very little is known of his early life.
All that can now be learned is that he went
to the celebrated school of Dr. Daniel Wilkie,
familiarly known as "Bon homme Wilkie/ 'in Que-
bec. 1 At this school he had as classmates many
Of Dr. Wilkie, Sir James Lemoine writes in "The Scot in
New France " :
"There are indeed many Scotch names associated with our
press. Space precludes us from enlarging more of this subject.
We cannot, however, close this portion of our enquiry witnout
naming Daniel Wilkie, LL.D., the editor of the 'Quebec Star,' a
literary gazette founded in 1818 still better remembered as the
esteemed instructor of Quebec youth for forty years.
Dr. Wilkie was born at Tollcross, in Scotland, in 1777, one year
later than John Neilson; he settled in Quebec in 1803, and died
here on the loth May, 1851.
Among those present this evening, I see some of his former
j. Alas ! the frost of years has silvered their locks 1 Dr.
Wilkie ' broke the bread of science ' to several youths, who subse-
ouently won honor among their fellow men. Among the illustrious
dead, mi^ht be recalled (in the days when the able member for
Birmingham, England, John Arthur Roebuck was indentured, at
Quebec, in 1818, as law student, to Thos. Gugy, Esq., Barrister,
brother of Col. B. C. A. Gugy, late of Darnoc, Beauport), a favorite
pupil of the Doctor, the late Hon. Judge Hy. Black, as well as the
eminent jurist and scholar, Alex. Buchanan, Q.C., late of Montreal;
2O ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
who later became distinguished. Among them
was Henry Black, afterwards an eminent Queen's
Counsel, and for many years Judge of the Vice-
Admiralty Court in Quebec, whose judgments are
remarkable for their learning. Chief Justice Duval
and Judge John Samuel McCord, father of Mr.
David Ross McCord, K.C., of Temple Grove,
Montreal, were also among his school fellows.
His brothers, John and George, were also edu-
cated at this school.
Here it was that Alexander Buchanan laid
the foundation of his knowledge as a classical
scholar, which even at that early day showed
itself. In 1 8 10, he won the First Prize for Greek.
This was a Greek version of the New Testament,
in which was written the following inscription:
"Alexandrum Buchananum ob
insigne in discenda Linguae Graecae
diligentiam et progressum super-
iorem hoc praemio donavit."
D. WILKIE.
Quebec,
IX d. Cal. Jany., 1810.
Hon. Mr. Justice T. C. Aylwin, Judge Chas. Gates Holt. Among
those still moving in our midst, one likes to point to Chief Justice
Duval, Judges Andrew Stuart, George Okill Stuart, and Hon. J.
Chapais, Hon. David A. Ross, Messrs. Francis and Henry Austin,
Daniel McPherson, N.P., R. H. Russel, M.D., and John Russel of
Toronto, M.D.
Dr. Wilkie's pupils had the following truthful words inscribed
on the monument they erected to their patron in Mount Hermon
Cemetery :
1 He was a learned scholar
An indefatigable student of philosophy and letters
An able and successful instructor of youth
Of genuine uprightness and guileless simplicity
A devout, benevolent and public spirited man.'
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 21
This volume was published in 1794, in London,
and on the cover is printed the following :
A. B.
1810.
Olim Meminisse Juvabit.
He was very fond of reading the ancient
authors in the original. His aptitude in the study
of languages was remarkable, and he became a
fine linguist, being, of course thoroughly con-
versant with French, which he spoke with great
purity. He also knew German and Italian, and
had a knowledge of Dutch, Spanish and Portu-
guese.
On leaving school, to use Burke's well-known
words, "he was bred to the law, which is, in my
* 'opinion, one of the first and noblest of human
"sciences a science ' which does more to quicken
"and invigorate the understanding than all the
"other kinds of learning put together; but it is
"not apt except in persons very happily born,
"to open and to liberalize the mind exactly in
4 ' the same proportion . ' '
He entered on its study on the 2;th April,
1814, at Quebec, when he was indentured to the
distinguished Andrew Stuart, who was Solicitor
General of Lower Canada from 1838 to I840. 1
t He was born in 1786 and was the brother of the Hon.
Tames Stuart. He was admitted to the Bar on the sth November,
1807, appointed Solicitor General on the 25th October. 1838, and
died on the 21st February, 1840.
22 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Doctor Buchanan, who was a party to his son's
Articles of Clerkship, which he signed "John
Buchanan, M.D.," paid one hundred pounds to
Andrew Stuart, who agreed to take and accept
of the said Alexander Buchanan as his clerk dur-
ing the said term of five years, and during the
said term in the best manner that he can inform
and instruct him in the profession, practice and
business of an advocate, attorney and procter.
He further agreed that at the end of the five
years, at the request and costs of the said Alex-
ander Buchanan, to use his best endeavours to
procure him to be admitted and commissioned
as an advocate, attorney and procter in His
Majesty's Courts in the Province.
He was admitted to the Bar on the i3th of
May, 1819, receiving his commission of advocate
of Lower Canada from the Duke of Richmond,
then Governor in Chief.
About this time he formed the valuable habit
of keeping common place books, remarkable
proofs of his diligent and acquiring mind. With
a view of forming his style, he made "transla-
tions of various passages in the ancient authors
but chiefly of the speeches in the writings of the
ancient historians," as he himself entitles his
transcript of them. Among these were the speech
of Camillus to the Roman People on their in-
tended emigration to Veii after the departure of
the Gauls under Brennus, who had almost totally
destroyed the City of Rome; Plato's defence of
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 23
Socrates; from Livy, the trial of Demetrius upon
a charge of parricide preferred against him by
his brother Perseus; the First Oration of Demos-
thenes against Philip with introduction ; the battle
of the Ticini between Scipio and Hannibal, Scipio's
Harangue and Hannibal's address; the speech of
M. V. Corvus to the seditious soldiers; on the
Shortness of Human Life translated with another
extract from the Greek of Mimernus, and the
Falcon translated from Boccaccio's Decameron.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 25
CHAPTER III.
l8l9-l820.
HE LEAVES FOR EUROPE VISITS ST. PAUL'S CHURCH
AND SEES SIR ISAAC BROCK'S MONUMENT HIS
DESCRIPTION OF THE POETS' CORNER IN WEST-
MINSTER ABBEY AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM AND
EAST INDIA HOUSE HE fGOES TO OXFORD AND
ROOMS IN WORCESTER COLLEGE HE DESCRIBES
THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY, THE ASHMOLEIAN MUSE-
UM WITH ITS CURIOSITIES, AND THE DIFFERENT
CHURCHES AND COLLEGES HIS SECOND VISIT TO
OXFORD AND ITS VICINITY HE GOES TO GOD-
STOW TO SEE FAIR ROSAMOND'S TOMB HE
BREAKFASTS AT WOODSTOCK AND OBTAINS AD-
MISSION TO BLENHEIM HE SEES SHAKESPEARE'S
BIRTHPLACE.
After being called to the Bar, and receiving
his share of his father's estate, he decided to spend
a year in travel, and, "On Sunday the third day
of October, 1819," he writes in the very valuable
Journal which he kept during his travels, and has
left, "at about five o'clock in the afternoon, I
sailed from Quebec on board the ship 'Pusey Hall/
Capt. Forster, bound for London."
On the nth of November, five pounds of
biscuits were, he says, served out as an allowance
to each man for a week, and on the i8th of that
month, he says, " being short of provision we
were this day put upon the allowance of one
biscuit and a short allowance of meat."
26 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
The voyage, which was otherwise uneventful,
lasted seven weeks, and on Monday, the 22nd
November, he landed at Dover and dined at
Steriken's New London Tavern. At 5 p.m. he
started in a mail coach from Dover, took tea at
7.30 p.m. at Clement's Inn in Canterbury, and at
about midnight arrived at Rochester, where they
slept. Next day he made a tour on foot through
Rochester, Chatham and Brompton, and says:
"Rochester Cathedral is a large and beautiful specimen
of Gothic architecture ; here it was that I first saw
painted glass in the three windows on the left hand in
entering the Cathedral. There is a small church opposite
to the cathedral which appears by a Latin inscription
over the door to have been rebuilt in 1624. There are at
Chatham three different sets of elegant barracks, which I
visited the Marine barracks, the Artillery barracks, and
the Chatham barracks for the line. There are the ruins of
an ancient castle opposite the Cathedral at Rochester.
Over the River Medway at this place is a stone bridge
which has fallen down in the centre."
At 1.30 p.m. he left Rochester, and passed
through Stroud, Gravesend, Deptford, etc., to
London over Westminster Bridge, and arrived at
the Golden Cross, Charing Cross, at about 7 p.m.
on the 23rd November, 1819, and for a short time
took up his quarters at the Golden Cross. After-
wards he took lodgings at No. 13 Essex street.
While in London he visited everything worthy
of interest. Of St. Paul's Church he writes:
"I went into the church alone and visited the vaults
where are deposited, among others, the remains of the
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 27
great Nelson and of Admiral Collingwood. In the body of
the church and in the different aisles, monuments have of
late been erected; the principal are those erected to the
memory of Howard the philanthropist, Dr. Johnson, Sir
Wm. Jones, Sir Joshua Reynolds, Lord Rodney, Earl Howe,
Abercrombie, Moore, Collingwood, Cornwallis, Nelson and
Brock. The monument to Brock is a military one on which
are placed a sword and a helmet. His corse reclines in
the arms of a British soldier, whilst an Indian pays a tribute
of regret for his fall."
He says of his visit to Westminster Abbey
that he examined with the greatest attention the
monuments and tombs in the Poet's Corner, of
which he has left this description :
"The first on the door and at the left hand is the monu-
ment of Johnson, with the simple inscription: 'O Rare
Ben Johnson ' (szc.)
"Next to him is the monument of Spenser with the
following inscription :
'Hare lyes (expecting the second comminge of our
Saviour Christ Jesus) the body of Edmond Spencer the
Prince of Poets in his tyme, whose divine spirrit needs noe
other witnessethen the workes which he left behinde him,
he was born in London in the year 1553 and died in the
yeare 1598.^'
Underneath are the following words :
'Restored by private subscription 1778.'
"Next to Spenser is the monument of Milton raised by
Benson, under him is that of Gray with an inscription by
Pope, and in the same corner, Mason, Prior and Draiton.
Near Drai ton's monument and on the same side is Cowley's
erected by George, Duke of Buckingham. Dryden's monu-
ment is near the same spot with this inscription:
'John Dry den natus 1632. Mortuus Maii
i, 1700. Joannes Sheffield Dux Bucking-
hamensis posuit 1720.'
28 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
"In another corner the first monument on the left hand
is that of the immortal Shakespeare with the following in-
scription above his statue:
' Gulielmo Shakespeare anno post mortem CXXIV.
Amor publicus posuit: '
His statue reclines on a pedestal and points to a scroll
which is lying on it containing the following words from
his own sublime works :
'The cloud cap't towr's
The gorgeous palaces
The solemn temples
The great globe itself
Yea all which it inherit
Shall dissolve
And like the baseless fabric of a vision
Leave not a wreck behind'
"On the left side of Shakespeare's monument is Thom-
son's, inscribed as follows:
'James Thomson Aetatis 48, obiit 27 Aug., 1748.'
' Tutored by thee Sweet Poetry exalts
With music, image, sentiment and thought
Her voice to ages and informs the page
Never to die.'
This monument was erected MDCCLXII.'
"Next follow the monuments of Rowe and of Gay.
Above a door near the latter monuments is one erected to
Goldsmith :
'Olivarii Goldsmith
Poeta, Physici, Historici
Qui nullum fere scribendi genus
Non tetigit,
Nullum quod tetigit non ornavit,
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 29
Sive risus essent movendi,
Sive lacrimae,
Affectuum potens at lenis dominator,
Ingenii sublimis, vividus, versatilis,
Oratione grandis, nitidus, venustus,
Hoc monumento memoriam coluit
Sodalium amor,
Amicorum fides,
Lectorum veneratio ;
Natus Hibernia, Forneiae Lonfordiensis
in loco cui nomen Pallas,
Nov. XXIX. MDCCXXXI.
Eblanae literis institutus
obiit Londini
Ap. IV. MDCCLXXIV. '
"Here also is a monument to Addison with a long
Latin inscription and next Dr. Barrow's.
"Opposite to Shakespeare's monument and at his feet
lie the remains of Samuel Johnson with a stone slab in-
scribed:
'Samueli Johnson, L.L.D.
obiit XIII. die Decembris anno Domini
MDCCLXXXIV aetatis suae LXXV.'
" Near Johnson's remains are deposited those of Richard
Brinsley Sheridan who died 7 July, 1816. Alongside of each
other are the monuments of Isaac Casaubon, the critic,
and of William Camden; and above Camden's is that of
David Garrick."
His visit to the Gallery of Antiquities of the
British Museum is equally interesting and is thus
recorded :
"I went early this morning (Friday i7th December,
1819) with Goodman to the British Museum and remained
till four o'clock P.M. amusing myself in the Gallery of
30 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Antiquities with the superb collection of marbles and terra
cotta works.
There was a head of Pericles which struck me as a
piece of workmanship of singular beauty; it is inscribed
simply, PERICLES. There is a fine bust of Augustus,
and many busts of the Antonines, Hadrian and the later
Emperors. I was much pleased with the discobulus. The
Elgin collection is truly magnificent; here are considerable
portions of the Parthenon, consisting of metopes, bas re-
liefs, friezes, &c., parts of columns and some colossal statues.
I saw also a fragment of a trophy from the field of Mara-
thon, and two or three altars and other marbles from the
plains of Troy. I saw also the celebrated Sigean inscrip-
tion written in the very ancient Greek characters and in
the boustrophedon manner. The famous Rosetta stone
with three inscriptions, the first in hieroglyphics, the second
in the vernacular language of Egypt, and the third in
Greek, all commemorative of the actions of one of the
Ptolmies. It would be endless to recount all the sculptural
beauties which I had hardly time to examine in the whole
course of this day. But there is one statue of small dimen-
sions, very remarkable for its beauties it is the statue of
a fisherman with a basket in his hand the anatomical
beauties of this figure are surprising and I was assisted
in developing them by the observations of my friend
Goodman who accompanied me."
He speaks of the East India House, where
he saw
"among other Oriental curiosities the dreams of
Tippoo Saib in his own handwriting, and his copy of the
Koran most elegantly written on parchment gilt the tiger's
head of solid gold which adorned the foot of his throne and
which is said in its present state to weigh sixty pounds
the celebrated inscribed stone and some bricks from the
supposed site of ancient Babylon."
He went on two occasions to Oxford to see
his friend Shortt and while there he occupied
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 3T
rooms in Worcester College belonging to a student
absent during vacation. He writes of Oxford and
its many colleges as they were in the year 1820:
" 'Worcester College Library,' he says, 'contains thirty
thousand volumes of valuable and curious books. In the
Quadrangle of the schools, so called from its containing the
places of examination and for lectures on different subjects,
I first visited the famous Bodleian library and the picture
gallery. The room which contains the celebrated Arun-
delian marbles is rich in other remnants of antiquity con-
sisting altogether of inscriptions.
Among the Pompet statues a full length statue of Cicero
appeared to me to possess eminent beauties. The Ash-
moleian Museum contains many curiosities, among the
more remarkable are the skull of Oliver Cromwell with the
well-known scar on the frontal bone. The sword sent by
Leo X. to Henry VIII. with the title 'Defensor fidei' the
handle forms with the blade a cross, and in the head of
the hilt, which is of crystal is a small painting with the
motto ' vigilate.' The helmet which Henry the Fifth wore
at Azincour and the sword with which he killed the Duke
of Alencon in the same battle. The Duke of Alencon's
battle axe which he used at Azincour.
The iron mace of Walworth the Mayor with which he
slew Wat Tyler. A lantern of Alfred the Great and an
amulet of gold containing a figure of St. Cuthbert which he
wore to protect him from the effect of incantation. The
sides of this amulet are formed into these letters 'Alfredus
jussit me fabricare,' also his golden tinder box all found
in the Isle of Sheppey and presented to the Museum. A
gold watch of Queen Elizabeth inlaid with beautiful opals
the chain of gold is engraved with memoranda on one
of the links the two engraved letters ' E. E 1 . ' are supposed
to mean the Earl of Essex. The golden tankard which
she used every morning at her breakfast. The gauntlet
of the Earl of Warwick called the Kingmaker. A boot of
Queen Elizabeth, the smallness of which conveys some
32 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
idea of the beauty of her feet. Also a boot of the unfor-
tunate Duke of York, brother of Edward V. The much
mutilated hat of leather worn by Bradshaw in Parliament
when sentence was passed on Charles I. A pair of spurs
of Oliver Cromwell and specimens of spurs of the ancient
Britons.
St. Mary's Church is a very beautiful Gothic building.
St. Peter's Church is a very old piece of Saxon architecture
and was built between the tenth century and the Norman
invasion. New College has small but beautiful gardens
surrounded by part of the ancient walls of the City of Ox-
ford which were repaired in the parliamentary wars and
are now very perfect. Magdalen College has some very
elegant new buildings and surpasses all the other colleges
in the beauty of its walks and park. The favorite haunt
of Addison is still called 'Addison's Walk.' Christ Church
is the largest of all the colleges and has about four hun-
dred students, but its walks though very extensive are not
so delightful as those of Magdalen. The River Isis is a
very small stream as it was frozen over, we went on it
to see the skaters.
There is an ancient tower or castle here, but additions
have been made to it and it is used as a prison. Near it is
an artificial mound of earth with caverns raised by Col.
Ingoldsby in the parliamentary wars as a depot for pro-
visions.
The observatory of the University is a fine building in
the style of the Temple of the Winds at Athens.
The Radcliffe Library is a fine piece of architecture in
a circular form. The circular room intended to contain
the library is the most beautiful thing of the kind I ever
beheld the dome which is eighty feet from the floor is
richly worked and the floor is formed of alternate brown
and white marble slabs. A splendid entertainment was
given in this room by the University to the Emperor of
Russia and other crowned heads. The Library is not yet
filled up and the number of books not very considerable."
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 33
On his second visit to Oxford, which took
place on the 2nd May, 1820, he mentions that on
his progress towards Worcester College, he met
his old schoolfellow Tom Davie in High Street.
That evening he dined in Hall at Worcester with
Shortt and his friend Yolland.
Regarding Ifley on the I sis, about two miles
distant from Oxford, he says,
"This place is remarkable only for a very old Church
built in the Saxon style. From a manuscript of Anthony
Wood, the antiquity of Ifley Church may be in some mea-
sure ascertained. It appears that it was given with its
appurtenances by Jeffrey de Clinton to the Canons of Kenil-
worth in Warwickshire ; and this Jeffrey lived in the reign
of William the Conqueror. In the Church yard stands a
very ancient cross, but its ornamental sculpture has been
entirely destroyed by time. Near this cross is a yew tree,
whose trunk is of great circumference, supposed to be
coeval with the Church."
He attended on the 3rd May, 1820, the ex-
amination for degrees at the schools. The follow-
ing day he walked with his friend Shortt to
Godstow, to visit the site of the tomb of the fair
Rosamond, mistress of Henry II. The bones
which had been carried away by antiquaries some
time before that, were found in the Chapter House,
which at the time he (Alexander Buchanan)
visited it, had been converted into a cow house,
and of which he writes:
"There was a long inscription painted on the wall over
the place of interment, a few words of which are yet legible.
34 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
The bones of this unfortunate lady were transported here
from the Church, which was situated a short distance, by
the command of some bigoted ecclesiastic, lest 'the bones
of the whore f should profane the holy place."
He thus completes his description of the Col-
leges :
"We began the day (5th May, 1820), by visiting the
chapels and halls of some of the Colleges. The Chapel of
Magdalen is neat but contains nothing remarkable. New
College Chapel is by far the finest I saw; its windows are
formed of very fine painted glass representing a variety of
human figures in the persons of saints. We took a cursory
view of the gallery of painting of the Bodleian the best
painting in the room is the school of philosophers, repre-
senting almost all the philosophers of Greece attended by
some of their pupils, by Guilio Romano. There is also a
very fine fruit piece, but I forget whose production it is.
We visited the gallery of painting in the Library of
Christ Church College, which contains some very fine
pictures. Among the best I remarked A St. Christopher
and a David and Goliath figures foreshortened by Michael
Angelo Buonarotti, The family of the Caracci in a butcher's
shop, An Italian buffoon drinking, by Annibale Caracci,
An Emperor on horseback, by Guilio Romano, A St.
Peter, half length, by Caravaggio. A St. Sebastian, half
length, A Rebecca at the well, A St. John the Baptist,
and the first Prince of Orange, by Guido. A Descent from
the Cross, by Coreggio. Four portraits with music before
them, Our Saviour, not half length, Portrait of a woman,
half length, Portrait of the Duke of Alva, by Titian.
We went to see the Sheldon Theatre, which is the place
for recitation of prize poems, &c.
Shortt and I went to breakfast at Woodstock. This
place is remarkable as the birthplace of Chaucer, where he
lived and died.
After breakfast we proceeded to take a view of Blen-
heim, the magnificent seat of the Duke of Marlborough.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 35
The grounds are as beautiful as verdure, trees and artificial
water, the largest sheet of the kind in the world, can make
them. There are gentle undulations all through the park,
which increases its beauty, and numerous herds of deer,
bounding over the green, tend to add life to the scene. As
the castle is never opened to strangers before two o'clock,
we walked through the park and Combe Lodge to North
Leigh, a distance of about four miles, to visit a Roman
villa which was lately discovered here. The foundations
of all the walls of the building are still remaining, and there
are some entire mosaic pavements. There are two baths,
parts of which are in a state of good preservation. From
the size of the building, its materials and the conveniences
which appear to have ministered to the luxury of its
owner, we may conjecture that it was the residence of some
person of consequence.
On our return to Blenheim we obtained admission into
the house, which contains a superb gallery of paintings of
the old masters. There is also a fine library, and a small
theatre. Many of the rooms are adorned with the Gobelin
tapestry representing the battles of the Duke of Marl-
borough. The Titian room is so called from the paintings
on leather by Titian with which its walls are covered."
Returning from Oxford, he passed through
Stratford upon Avon, where " having stopped to
change horses he had barely time to view the
outside of the house where, as is reputed, the im-
mortal Shakespeare was born, which is now occu-
pied by a butcher."
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 37
CHAPTER IV.
1820.
COURSE OF READING IN LONDON HIS FRIENDS
GOES TO THE THEATRES AND SEES KEAN AND
MACREADY HEARS LECTURES IN LONDON HOS-
PITALSATTENDS WESTMINSTER HALL.
"Tuesday, nth December, 1820- Breakfasted with
Mr. Johnston at the Golden Cross, with whom I remained
until two o'clock preparing a petition on behalf of his son
to the Lords of the Treasury."
"Saturday, i8th December, 1819. I was at home and
read the whole day till 4.30 p.m., when I went to dine at
Morrin's Hotel, Duke Street, Manchester Square, with Mr.
John Geo. McTavish, from whence I returned home at
about eleven p.m. Besides myself and Mr. McTavish there
were at dinner Mr. Cowie, Mr. Swaine of the Hudson Bay
Company, and Mr. Johnston.
He mentions having dined with Messrs. Parent
and Blanchet, and having called on Mr. Irvine, of
Quebec, at Osborne's Hotel, Adelphi.
He was in London on the 3ist January, 1820,
when he went to see the ceremony of proclamation
of King George IV.
During the time he lived in London he was
reading steadily. He appears to have mapped out
a course of study to which he carefully adhered.
His reading was very extensive and consisted
of history, the ancient authors and the law. He
chiefly read Hallam's History of the Middle Ages,
38 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
and in the original Aullus Gellius, Cicero, Homer ,
Xenophon, Tibullus, Plutarch, and the New Testa-
ment in the Greek, and Montaigne, Woodeson's Ele-
ments of Jurisprudence and Lord Mansfield and
and others on the study of Law and Boote's Suit
at Law.
While here he spent most of his time with his
friend Goodman, who lodged in Castle Court,
Cloak Lane; Mr. G. Young, of Gray's Inn; Mr.
Stevenson who had lodgings at No. 30 Portman
Place, Edgecombe Road; Mr. Tyrell, n Paper
Buildings, in the Temple; Mr. R. B. Comyn, of the
Temple who lived in PumD Court, and a Mr. John-
ston. He also saw a good deal of Mr. Jno. Geo.
MacTavish, of 13 New Quebec Street; Mr. Stewart,
Mitre Court, Cheapside; Mr. Gilmour, Freeman's
Court, Cornhill; Mr. Cowie of the North West
Company, and Mr. Swaine of the Hudson's Bay
Company ; Mr. Nivin of Clement's Inn ; Mr. Robert
Hayes and his cousin Mr. C. Hayes. It was on
the motion of the latter gentleman that he was
elected on the evening of the gth February, 1820,
a member of the Eccentric Society in London. He
also frequented the society of Mr. French of 7
Dalby Terrace, New City Road, Islington, and of
the family of Mr. Reynolds. He mentions having
dined with Mr. Armstrong, surgeon, No. 6 Baker
Street, Portman Square, and having in the even-
ing gone with Mrs. Armstrong to a ball at Mrs.
Phillips', Dorset Square, and a few evenings after
going to a party at Mr. Armstrong's.
He used to* go to the theatres, notably Co vent
Garden and Drury Lane. At the latter he saw,
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C 39
"the performance of Richard III. by the desire of the
"Duke and Duchess of Kent, who were both present.
"The principal character, Richard III., was played by Mr.
"Kean in a most admirable manner."
He saw Macready as Coriolanus and again Kean,
this time as Hamlet and later as King Lear. He
went to "half play" at the Adelphi and as he
says, "by way of conclusion after this we visited
the cider cellars in Maiden Lane." He also saw
Liston with whose comic powers he was highly
amused.
He heard Fletcher, a popular preacher at a
chapel in Little Moor's Fields.
With his friend Goodman, who was studying
medicine and walking the hospitals, he visited
the different hospitals and there heard lectures
by the most eminent surgeons of the day.
At the London Hospital he heard a lecture on
broncho tomy, etc., dropsy and tapping from Mr.
Headington and was there introduced to Sir
William Blizzard.
On a subsequent occasion he heard another
lecture from Mr. Headington, this time on the
cellular membrane. He heard a lecture from Mr.
Millington at Guy's Hospital on hydrostatics.
At St. Bartholomew's Hospital he had the good
fortune to hear a lecture on mortification by the
celebrated Abernethy.
On the 24th January, 1820, after breakfast he
went to Westminster, where a number of people
were assembled to see the Judges arrive in pro-
4<D ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
cession to the Court. In the Court of King's
Bench, before Chief Justice Abbott and Judges
Bayley, Holroyd and Best he listened to an
ex parte argument in the case of Madrazo v.
Milles, for a new trial in an action for damages
brought by some Spanish slave traders against a
captain in the British Navy for the detention of the
ship and the liberation of the slaves. The damages
had been assessed by the jury at upwards of
16,000. Jervis argued for the rule which the
Court dismissed. Among other distinguished
counsel engaged in this case whom he saw were
Scarlett, afterwards Lord Abinger, Campbell,
afterwards Lord Chancellor, Peake and Pullen.
He attended also at the Court of Chancery and
heard a cause respecting a right of advowson con-
tested between Marquis Townshend, Lord Charles
Townshend and the trustees of the late Marquis's
estate.
At Doctors Commons in the Court of Ad-
miralty and the Ecclesiastical Court he was an
attentive auditor.
He mentions having gone with Mr. Hayes to
the Coal Hole in the Strand, a place "which seems
to be frequented by coachmen and economical
dandies." Among the coffee houses which he
patronized while in London were the New Eng-
land, near the Royal Exchange, George's, near
Temple Bar, Button's in Cheapside, the Salopian
in Charing Cross, and the One Tun in Jermyn
Street.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 4!
CHAPTER V.
1820.
HE GOES TO PARIS PASSES THROUGH ST. OMER,
AIRE, ARRAS AND AMIENS VISITS THE TUILLERIES,
THE LOUVRE, VERSAILLES,, THE LUXEMBOURG,
THE CATACOMBS, CEMETERY OF PERE LA CHAISE,
CHURCH OF ST. DENIS, MALMAISON AND ST. CLOUD-
THEATRES AT PARIS AT ROUEN RETURNS TO
LONDON.
On Sunday the 26th March, 1820, he set out
from London in a mail coach, with his friend
Wybault, for Dover, where they arrived on Mon-
day at 7 a.m. At 9.30 a.m. they embarked on
board a small sloop of about 30 tons, crowded to
excess with about sixty passengers. The passage
to Calais was performed in three hours and ten
minutes. On landing they visited the Hotel de
Depin, celebrated for the residence of Sterne. At
4 p.m. they left Calais for Boulogne in a post-
chaise, and then on to St. Omer, which latter
place he found bleak and uninteresting, occasioned
by a deficiency of verdure and a scarcity of trees.
Of the town itself he has to say :
"St. Omer is a regularly fortified town and its situation
is rather pleasant. We employed the hour during which
we were detained here in visiting the curiosities of the place.
There is here a very fine cathedral in the Gothic style
which contains an ancient but uncouth monument of St.
Elsendob, and the tomb of St. Andomarus or St. Omer.
42 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
We went to see the old English school here which is now
a military hospital."
They then set out for Aire, from where it was
his intention to continue the journey to Arras
that same night,
"but the rigor of the commandant who would not
accommodate us by opening the town gates frustrated our
design. This place is strongly fortified, and contains a
cathedral of considerable magnitude."
He passed through Arras,
"an old city well fortified and contains a great number
of troops, at this moment. The houses are in the old style,
built of stone and very heavy in their appearance. There
is a very large square or place here which was thronged
with persons who seem engaged in trade."
At Amiens he and his fellow-travellers were
annoyed by the boisterous behaviour of a number
of French dragoon officers and soldiers in en-
deavouring to bring the fares to their ancient
level using the words " Vous etranglez les Ang-
lais et les Francais en souffrent."
Of Amiens, he says:
"There is a cathedral of some beauty here, but which,
notwithstanding all the praise lavished on it is inferior
to many buildings of the kind which I have seen in
England. It was built during the reign of our Henry VI
in France."
He arrived in Paris on the evening of the
3oth March, and went to the Hotel des Etats
Unis, rue Notre Dame des Victoires, and the next
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 43
day took lodgings at Madam Target's, No. 26 rue
des Moulins.
"Friday, 3ist March, 1820. Walked in the gardens of
the Thuilleries and the Champs Ely sees, which were crowded
with carriages and persons on foot during the Promenade
de Longchamps, which takes place in the holy week of
every year, and originated in the obsolete custom of going
to the Monastery of Longchamps to hear the prayers of the
nuns."
" Saturday, ist April, 1820. The greater part of this
day passed away by my being present at a review of a
regiment of Hussars on the Champ de Mars. The due
d'Angouleme and d'Oudinot, the Marshal due de Reggio
and other officers of distinction were on the field.
The next day was Easter Sunday when he
went to walk in the garden of the Tuilleries
which he says, " were rendered extremely gay
by the number of persons who were there en
promenade" And he goes on to thus criticise
the different buildings.
"To-day (2 April, 1820), I saw these gardens to great
advantage, the serenity of the weather, the magnificent
pile of the Thuilleries, the beautiful new buildings in the
Rue Rivoli, the noble appearance of the Admiralty, the
budding trees, the fountains and the statues disposed in
various parts of the alleys with the greatest taste, rendered
the scene enchanting.
"The much vaunted bridge of lena, now called de 1'Ecole
Militaire, fell far short of what I expected, It is very plain
and not at all comparable in size, architecture or materials
to the superb structure of Waterloo Bridge in London.
"The Corps Ldgislatif, of which I saw but the exterior
is a beautiful building. The front is, in my humble opinion,
in the purest taste of ancient architecture, and bears close
similitude to that of the ancient temples.
44 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
" L'Ecole Militaire, situated at the bottom of the Champ
de Mars, is also a fine structure. The portico in the centre
of the buildings is formed of Corinthian columns. It was
founded by Louis XV. in 1751 for the education of young
gentlemen of slender fortune."
He lost no time in going to see the Louvre.
"I was occupied the greater part of this day (4 April,
1820), in the gallery of painting in the Louvre, but its
immense extent (700 paces covered on both sides with
paintings) rendered my forming any idea of its beauties
in detail impossible. I had barely time this day to walk
through the magnificent collection of marbles."
But not having had time, as he explains, to
study the paintings in detail he returned on two
occasions which he refers to as follows:
"Went with Mr. Barren to the Louvre, where I received
excessive pleasure from the works of Le Brun, Poussin,
Vernet, Drouais, Claude Lorraine and Le Sueur of the
French school; those of Dow, Van Dyck, Rembrandt and
Rubens of the Dutch school, and those of Caravaggio,
Annibale Caracci, Correggio, Domeniquin, Guido Remi,
Guilio Romano, Leonardo da Vinci, Paolo Veronese, Raf-
faello, Salvatore Rosa, Tiziano, &c.
"This (20 April, 1820), being the last day of my re-
sidence in Paris I thought that part of it could not be better
spent than in taking a parting look at the Louvre. After
cursorily viewing the gallery of painting, I descended to
the superb deposit for pieces of ancient sculpture, where
I spent two hours with great satisfaction. The chef d'ceuvre
here is the celebrated Hermaphrodite Borghese which is
represented lying on a mattress with a pillow under its
head, and is the finest piece of sculpture I ever saw. This
magnificent collection contains also a fine Diana, many
Venuses, the Pallas of Velletri, and a gigantic Melpomene,
besides numerous other statues, sarcophagi, cinerary urns,
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 45
sepulchral inscriptions and other valuable relics of an-
tiquity."
In the Louvre he met Mr. Shaw and Mr. Wm.
McGillivray.
The different palaces of Versailles, and the
Luxembourg, the Catacombs, the Cemetery of
Pere La Chaise, the remains of the Baths of the
Emperor Julian, the Church of St. Denis, the
palaces of Malmaison and St. Cloud, he visited in
succession and has left his impressions of them.
"The Church of Notre Dame in the Island of St. Louis
is the principal structure in Paris. It is a very fine building
of its kind but much inferior to Westminster. It contains
two fine altar paintings.
"We arrived (yth April, 1820) at Versailles in a
diligence. The superb palace here attracted our atten-
tion for a considerable time. It has lately undergone
repairs rendered necessary by the injuries it sustained dur-
ing the Revolution. The interior of the chapel is the most
beautiful thing of its kind that I have seen. The ceiling
which is painted in good style, is supported by a number
of large columns of the Corinthian order. The facade of
the Palace towards the gardens is strikingly grand when
seen through the principal avenues. The garden, laid out
in the French taste, is not very pleasing to an English eye,
from the regularity with which the trees are planted, the
want of grass, and the manner of clipping the trees into
unnatural shapes. The grand Trianon, a small palace
sometimes visited by Bonaparte, is pleasantly situated.
We saw here a relief in Agate brought from Herculaneum
and a font of beautiful green Siberian marble given by the
Emperor of Russia to the King. The last work of the
celebrated Vernet is in one of the rooms of this Palace.
The petit Trianon is a small palace furnished for Josephine,
but was never inhabited by her in consequence of her
46 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
divorce, which took place about the time that the palace
was ready. The English garden in the rear of the last
mentioned palace is the most enchanting I ever saw here
are artificial grottos, lakes, rivers,and hamlets, &c.
"I accompanied two French ladies, a Mrs. Strachan
and her sister, and Wybault, to the Luxembourg. We
took a walk in the gardens and a view of the exterior of the
Palace, and afterwards went to the Gallery of Painting,
which contains some beautiful pictures by living French
painters. The most remarkable were the Leonidas by
David, the Murder of Agamemnon by Clytemnestra and
Aegisthus, Aeneas relating his Adventures to Dido, and
Death of Zenobia, and many others. I saw in the house
of the above mentioned ladies a very fine painting of
Hector Andromache and Astyanax, and another of a
wounded Theban soldier, both by Mrs. Strachan's sister
for the latter painting she received a gold medal from
Buonoparte.
"Thursday, (12 April, 1820), we succeded in descend-
ing to the Catacombs. We go down a depth of about fifty
feet on stone steps, and the whole length of the passages
which extend as far as the Barriere d'Enfer are bounded on
each side by piles of bones, skulls, &c. Now and then you
see on stone slabs or pedestals appropriate sentences from
the scriptures or from the more melancholy writings of
ancients. We descended in company with about twenty
persons among whom were many English ladies. Return-
ing from the Catacombs we visited the Pantheon or Church
of St. Genevieve which is a superb mausoleum for the
illustrious dead of France. It has a very fine and lofty
dome, and the interior of the building is supported by very
large fluted pillars of the Corinthian order. The vaults
contain no other learned dust but that of Voltaire and
Jean Jacques the remains of a few secondary military
characters are deposited here. The exterior portal is grand
and is composed of fluted Corinthian pillars.
"I spent the greater part of a day in the beautiful
cemetery of Pre Lachaise; the principal tomb here is that
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 47
of the lovers, Abelard and Heloise, which was transported
hither from the monastery of Paraclet and is yet in ex-
cellent preservation. There is a long inscription on one
side in old French relating the heretical opinions of Abelard,
his recantation, &c. The bones of Moliere and of Lafon-
taine were removed from the original place of their inter-
ment to this cemetery, where they are placed alongside
of each other and covered with most plain stone monu-
ments. There are fine tombs to St. Jean d'Angely, Massena,
Delille the poet, and Ginguene. We had an excellent view
of Paris from the high grounds in this delightful spot.
"We went to see the church of St. Sulpice, which has
a fine front decorated with colonnades, and two noble
towers. After leaving the latter place we went to No. 63
Rue de la Harpe to a cooper's house to see the remains of
the baths which belonged to the Palace of the Emperor
Julian, called the palace of the Thermes. With some dif-
ficulty and danger from frail ladders and landing places,
we gained the roof of these extensive baths about seventy
feet from the ground. This roof had been covered with a
garden, the earth of which they are now removing and
by so doing have discovered various canals for the water
and flues, &c. They have also found a fragment of a Latin
inscription, but it was so small a part of the original slab
that I could not find out its meaning.
"We took a trip to the Church of St. Denis, which was
and is the grand repository for the Royal Family of France
after their decease. The workmen are now employed in
restoring the ancient Royal monuments from the earliest
ages which were formerly deposited here, but were injured
or removed from this place to places of greater safety during
the Revolution. The place which Bonaparte had allotted
for his family is a sepulchre for the present dynasty and
contains the remains of the late Due de Berri. The large
brazen doors which Napoleon placed at its entrance
have been removed and replaced with large marble slabs.
The altar piece which contains the bones of St. Denis, the
patron Saint of France, is a fine piece of workmanship and
highly ornamented.
48 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
"This morning Wybault, myself, Mrs. Strachan, her
sister, Mrs. Storey, a Portugese lady and Mrs. Drake, set
off in an open carriage to visit some of the Royal Palaces.
We made a vain application for admission to the Elyse*e
Bourbon. From this we proceeded to Malmaison where
we commenced our operations by surveying the gardens,
which are pleasantly situated, and well laid out. There is a
pretty temple of variegated marble to the Goddess of Love
built near the small stream which runs through the gardens.
There are also some statues in different parts of the grounds
which add to the beauty of the place. Near the entrance
from the gardens into this estate are two very beautiful
obelisks brought from Egypt, covered with gilt hiero-
glyphics. The palace is a plain looking house, which cir-
cumstance gave rise to the name of Malmaison. It belongs
to Eugene Beauharnois, and was a favorite haunt of
Napoleon's, and was fitted up for the Empress Josephine.
It contains a gallery of paintings and a small theatre. We
saw the private study of Bonaparte when he was First
Consul, which still contains his chair and one of his tables.
From the rooms upstairs we had a fine view of the gardens,
which, bounded by the stupendous aqueduct to convey
water to Versailles, forms a very pretty landscape.
"After surveying the whole of the place we continued
our route to St. Cloud. The situation of this palace is
superior to that of Versailles, the view from the eminence
on which it is built being very extensive, commanding a
prospect of Paris, the Bois de Boulogne, and the Seine
which flows along the Park of St. Cloud. The park and
gardens are beautifully laid out and show more taste than
is exhibited in the gardens of Versailles. The gallery of
painting contains some good pictures, and the rooms being
well furnished gives them a more finished and elegant
appearance than those of Versailles or Malmaison."
At the Cafe de la Paix in the Palais Royal,
which was formerly a theatre, and was then a
coffee house where the visitors were entertained
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 49
with exhibitions of feats on the slack rope, he
saw Thomas Moore, the poet, with his wife.
He attended at the Palais de Justice in the
Cour Royale and Cour d'Assize at Paris.
During his visit here he went to the
Theatre Francais where he saw Talma in the
character of Leicester in the Mary Stuart by
Pierre Lebrun. The other characters were re-
presented by Desmousseaux, Mdlle. Duchesnois
and Mde Paradol. At the Italian Opera he heard
Garcia, in his own piece II Fazzoletto and Mde.
Ponzi Debeguis.
" Tuesday, i8th April, 1820. We were occupied almost
the whole of this day in settling the troublesome matter
of our passports, which went through the hands of the
English Ambassador, of the Ministre de 1'Int^rieur, Ministre
de I'Ext&ieur, Pre"fet de Police, etc.
After a stay of not quite three weeks in Paris
he left for Rouen en route for London on the
2oth April, 1820, in the cabriolet of the diligence.
"At Rouen," he says, "we gained admission into the
church, a superb Gothic building. Within the Choir we
found three slabs of stone in the pavement, which escaped
the ravages of the Revolution by which this church suffered
to a great degree. On one I read the following inscrip-
tion :
Cor
Richardi Regis Angliae
Normanniae Ducis
Cor Leonis dicti
Obiit anno
MCXCIX.
4
5O ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
From the other I copied the following:
Ad
dextrum altaris latus
Jacet
Joannes Dux Betfordiae
Normanniae Prorex
Obiit anno
MCCCCXXXV.
"The third contains an inscription to the memory of
Henry, brother to Richard I.
"In a small square called Place de la Pucelle, there is
a public fountain surmounted by a statue of the Pucelle
d'Orleans, erected to mark the spot where she was burnt
during the Regency of Bedford. The situation of Rouen
is one of the most beautiful. It is built in a fertile valley
watered by the Seine and exhibiting an appearance of high
cultivation. The traveller in approaching Rouen from
Paris is delighted when from an eminence down which the
road descends, the City of Rouen, the river Seine meander-
ing through a rich country, the cathedral with lofty towers
and elegantly light spires, the Bridge of Boats, and the ship-
ping in the harbour burst upon his sight and afford a lively
and variegated landscape."
He sailed from Dieppe on the 2ist April,
landed at Brighton the next morning, and was
back in London the same afternoon.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
CHAPTER VI.
1820.
CHRIST CHURCH SCHOOL HOUSE OF COMMONS
SOMERSET HOUSE HE GOES TO IRELAND BU-
CHANANS OF OMAGH AND FINTONA LONDON-
DERRY HE SAILS FOR SCOTLAND.
On his return from Paris he took up his quar-
ters at the Crown in Bow Lane. He went with
Mr. Reynolds to hear prayers in the hall of Christ
Church School, where he saw 700 blue coat boys
sit down to supper after prayers.
He attended the House of Commons and
heard Broughham, Tierney, Lord Archibald
Hamilton, Colonel Davis and Joseph Hume.
He went to the exhibition at Somerset House,
where, among a great many paintings, he found
very few worthy of notice. The best was " The
Reading of the Will," by Wilkie. There was
a fine piece of sculpture by Chauncy, of a child
sleeping on a mattress in the style of the Her-
maphrodite Borghese.
It was at this time he made his second visit to
Oxford. On his return from there he went to
Ireland, and on the i2th May, 1820, arrived at
Omagh. While at this place he was the guest of
52 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
his uncle, George Buchanan, who was his father's
eldest brother. There were then living of his
father's family George Buchanan at Omagh ;
Beavor Buchanan and William Buchanan at
Fintona, and Mary Irvine at " Lisnagore."
He says,
" About a mile from Fintona is Eccles Green, where
my grandfather once lived and my father was born."
"Omagh," he says, "is situated in a valley watered by
the River Omreagh. The town may contain about two
.thousand inhabitants, many of whom are in respectable
circumstances, there being a considerable linen market
here. Near the town is Rash, the grounds of the Earl of
Blessington, consisting of extensive plantations."
He went on horseback with his uncle George
to " Lisnagore," the house of Mr. Irvine and his
aunt.
"From an eminence not far distant," he writes, "I
had a distant view of Loch Erne, and the surrounding
mountains, which are very abrupt and grand. The ety-
mology of Lisnagore is Irish; it means 'The Goat's Fort,'
there being here a perfect Danish Fort."
During his visit at Omagh, he went to London-
derry to pass a few days with his cousin, William
Buchanan.
Of this visit he says :
" soth May, 1820. Went to Londonderry in the mail
coach, where I was hospitably entertained in the house of
my cousin, William Buchanan, and during my stay here
till the loth June was most kindly treated by Mr. and Mrs.
Orr and Mr. Robinson. I spent one day at Dr. Caldwell's* '
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 53
Londonderry is described in these terms:
"Londonderry is a neatly built and clean town, beau-
tifully situated on a rising ground which gives a grand
prospect of the River and Loch Foyle. The distant moun-
tains of Macgilligan at the entrance of the Loch, and of a
richly cultivated country on either side of the Loch well
wooded and diversified by gentlemen's seats. One of these
county seats, that of Sir George Hill, I visited in company
of Mrs. Orr, Mrs. John Buchanan, Miss Blacker and others;
it is called 'Boom Hall,' being near the spot where a boom
was laid across the Loch during the contest for religious
liberty in James II. 's reign, to prevent the approach of
ships of war.
"Londonderry is surrounded by walls of fortification
which are celebrated through all Ireland as a wonder of
art. Though weak as a fortress it sustained a siege in
William III.'s reign, probably through the unskilfulness
of the besiegers. There is a passably good public library.
The Court House is an exceedingly pretty building with a
chaste portal of free stone and is a great ornament to the
town and reflects great credit on the spirit of its inhabitants.
The cathedral is a rude, venerable building,"
On the journey from Londonderry to Belfast,
en route for Scotland, he went around the base
of ' * Macgilligan along the sea shore to Down
"Hill the seat of the late Earl of Bristol, now
"the property of Sir Hervey Bruce. The house
"contains some pictures and some pretty speci-
"mens of statuary. At the edge of the precipice,
"which overhangs the sea at a tremendous height,
"is built a library or study in the form of an
"ancient temple. Round the upper part of the
"building are inscribed two lines of the beautiful
54 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
" passage in Lucretius, 'Suave mari magno tur-
"bantibus aequora ventis, &c.' :
O APPROPRIATE INSCRIPTIONS FROM LUCRETIUS.
To the Editor of Notes and Queries. (Montreal Star).
SIR: On the northern coast of Ireland, I believe in the County
Antrim, there is a rocky promontory overlooking the Atlantic,
situated on the estate of one Sir Hervey Bruce, nearly opposite
Moville, the place where the Allan steamships stop on their way
to and from Liverpool and Glasgow.
On this promontory there was standing in 1859 (and may be
still) a sort of dismantled round tower, built of cut stone and hav-
ing a comparatively modern appearance, with a Latin inscription
carved around it about twelve feet from its base. A part ot this
inscription only I can now recall :
". , .Mari magno turbantibus aequora ventis. . .alterius mag-
num spectare laborem."
In 'connection with the above, the following information is
respectfully sought:
i st. What is the object and use of such a tower in such a
place?
2nd. What is the meaning and appropriateness of the
Latin inscription?
3rd. What is the entire inscription, and from what author
is it taken?
If you can conveniently find time to throw a little light on
these points you will confer a great favor on several of your readers.
Montreal. H. RANDALL.
i. I can only conjecture that the tower was built by some man
who had retired from the world soured and discontented, and that
he was actuated by the feelings described in the quotation that I
am about to cite.
2 & 3. It is taken from the beginning of the second book of a
Latin poem, "De Rerum Natura," which was given to the world
by Titus Lucretius Carus, B.C. 57. It is a philosophical didactic
poem, composed in heroic hexameters, divided into six books, and
containing upwards of seven thousand four hundred lines. I \vill
quote the Latin of the first four lines of the passage referred to by
Mr. Randall:
"Suave, mari magno turbantibus aequora ventis,
E terra magnum alterius spectare laborem;
Non quia vexari quemquam est jucunda voluptas
Sed, quibus ipse maliscareas, quia cernere suaves est."
That is: "It is sweet, when the winds are ruffling the waters on
a high sea, to behold from land the great toil of another; not be-
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 55
The day he was to leave Belfast for Scotland,
he says:
"At 4.30 p.m. I was put into consternation by the pre-
mature sailing of the steamboat 'Rob Roy,' in which I had
taken a passage and which contained my baggage, but by
the exertions of my boatman I reached her. Machine out
of order, put into Lame for seven and a half hours. My
fellow passengers were a set of good fellows. A Col. Hast-
ings, whose aristocratic pride prevented his mingling with
the company; Col. Stuart of the Buffs, whose blunt sim-
plicity of manner and uncouth old dress led us to consider
him an assistant surgeon or a quartermaster; Surgeon
Morrison, of the Rifle Brigade,who exhibited a curious trait
of borrowing 10 s, giving notice that he was subject to
forget these trifles and requesting to be reminded of his
debt; when he was put in mind of his obligation he paid
with reluctance and without giving thanks. A Dutchman
and his servant who lived on a true footing of Republican
equality. These persons afforded us great amusement by
their complaints under sea-sickness. A Sheffield merchant,
Mr. Sowerby, a provision merchant at Liverpool and a
young Greenock merchant. There was also on board a
Capt. Sanders with whom I became well acquainted he
had been Lieutenant of the 'Leander' at the bombard-
ment of Algiers."
cause there is any real pleasure in seeing others in distress, but
because man is glad to see misfortunes from which he himself is
free." The poet continues :"Tis pleasant, too, to look with no
share of peril on the mighty contests of war; but nothing is sweeter
than to reach those calm and well-protected temples raised by the
wisdom of philosophers, whence tnou mayst look down on poor
mistaken mortals, wandering up and down in life's devious ways,
some resting their fame on genius, or priding themselves on birth,
day and night toiling anxiously to rise to high fortune and sov-
ereign power."
-< hippns, an Athenian poet, of the old comedy, whose date is
about 415 B.C., has a passage (quoted in Meineke's Frag. Comic.
Gracor) which somewhat resembles the beginning of the and Book
of Lucretius. Translated it is as follows : " How pleasant it is, O
mother, to view the sea from the land, when we are sailing no-
where."
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
CHAPTER VII.
1820.
ARRIVES AT GLASGOW AND HEARS DR. CHALMERS
TRAVELS BY COACH ALONG THE LEVEN SMOL-
LETS' HOUSE LOCH LOMOND BUCHANAN HOUSE
KILLEARN BEN LOMOND BALIRVOCKY EDIN-
BURGH HOLYROOD PALACE COURT OF SESSION
-FRANCIS JEFFREY AND SIR WALTER SCOTT
HIS IMPRESSIONS OF SCOTLAND CASTLE OF THE
DUKE OF NORTHUMBERLAND AT ALNWICK YORK
CATHEDRAL.
The Rock of Ailsa was seen by him on the
3oth June, 1820. The Firth of Clyde and its
scenery struck him as resembling the lower part
of the River St. Lawrence. The town of Greenock
was reached on the night after leaving Belfast.
At Glasgow, where he arrived on the ist
July, he put up at the Buck's Head on Argyle
Street. He remarks on the elegance of the streets
as to architecture, regularity and materials.
"The College," he points out, "some part has an ancient
appearance with towers resembling those of the old prison
in Paris. The museum, which belongs to the College, is
a new building. Its specimens of mineralogy and natural
history are not many, but its anatomical preparations,
which were first collected by Dr. Hunter, are probably
unrivalled. Its collection of coins is very valuable. The
library contains some fine paintings St. Catherine by
Domenichino, a sweet painting a Virgin and Child, by
58 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Guido a Head by Titian. There are some border antiqui-
ties, being chiefly votive monuments to Hadrian raised by
the different legions after the completion of their appor-
tioned parts of the Roman wall."
At St. John's Church at Glasgow, he heard an
eloquent sermon from the great Doctor Chalmers.
From Glasgow he and his fellow traveller,
Captain Sanders, pursued their way to Dum-
barton. They went by the post boy steamboat,
and were landed from a boat at the foot of the
rock or promontory on which the Castle of Dum-
barton stands. They continued their journey
in
"a coach in company with two other coaches, one of
which unfortunately drove over a boy at the village of
Ren ton, which occasioned very great ferment, all the in-
habitants being in the street threatening vengeance upon
us all. We travelled along the beautiful fertile and classic
banks of the Leven, where I with pleasure called to my
recollection the pretty ode of Smollett :
'On Leven's bank while free to rove,
And tune the rural pipe to love,
I envied not the happiest swain,
That e'er trod the Arcadian plain,' etc.
"The site of Smollett's house, which was shown to us,
belongs to the Smollett family. At Ren ton we saw the
monument erected to the memory of Smollett. There are
two country seats on the banks of the Leven near the
entrance of Loch Lomond, built in the style of the ancient
baronial castles which give additional beauty to the sur-
rounding scenery. The one on the western bank is called
the Castle of Ballychewan.
i
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OH
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ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 59
"At Ballach we again took steamboat to go up Loch
Lomond. A short time after entering the Lake we came
to several islands, one of which, Inch Murrin, is consider-
able in size. Inch Crinie, is a place of confinement for all
disorderly wives, of whom there are generally some under-
going the usual course of penance."
He saw Buchanan House.
"In a bay, on the right hand going up the lake, is
situated Buchanan House, the seat of the Duke of Mont-
rose. Opposite to his grounds is Clare Inch, an island
which formerly (as well as all the possessions of the Duke
of Montrose here) belonged to the Lairds of Buchanan,
and was their cri de guerre or slughorn."
The old mansion house of Buchanan was burnt
down in 1850. Buchanan Castle, the present
seat of the Duke of Montrose, lies about a mile
to the West of the village of Drymen. The Castle
was commenced in 1854 and completed in 1857.
Continuing, he says:
"We had a distant view of the monument which has
been erected in the Parish of Killearn to George Buchanan.
We stopped a few minutes at Luss on the opposite side of
the Loch. We touched at Tarbet after having at 2 P.M.
visited and descended into Rob Roy's cave, which has been
celebrated by Scott in one of his novels.
"At 4 P.M. landed with Capt. Sanders at Row Ardennan
at the foot of Ben Lomond. At the inn, where we dined
and slept, we saw a record inscribed on the window of the
intemperance of Kean, the actor. In our passage from
Tarbet from the Lake to Row Ardennan, the melancholy
gloom of the Loch and its surrounding scenery was height-
ened by a funeral procession in boats which was proceed-
ing across the Loch to Tarbet to perform the last solemn
over a young lady.
6O ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
"At 7.30 A.M., (Tuesday, 4 July, 1820), commenced
the ascent of Ben Lomond with Capt. Sanders and arrived
at its summit at 5 minutes past 10. The weather being
tolerably clear, the view was the grandest and most ex-
tensive I ever witnessed. To the south was Dumbarton
Castle, and the Clyde. S.W. by S. we saw the Firth of
Clyde and the Islands of Arran and Bute. About west
the Pass of Jura, and to the north of them the Isle of Mull.
Immediately around us was a most majestic assemblage
of lakes and mountains and islands. On the W. side of
Ben Lomond is Loch Lomond, whose silver bosom is be-
spangled with Inch Murran, Inch Grain, etc., and other
islands. Beyond Tarbet we saw the extremity of Loch
Long. At the eastern foot of Ben Lomond is Loch Katrine,
rendered classical by the writings of Scott. S.E., Loch
Ard and the Loch of Menteith. S. by E. the smoke of Glas-
gow; S.E., Stirling. About E., the Firth of Forth. W.
by N. are the mountains of Ben Voirlich and Ben Cruachan.
N., Ben Nevis, the highest mountain in Great Britain.
E., Ben Ledi and Ben Venue, the Pindus and Olympus of
the great Scottish Bard. Ben Ard, N.N.E., Ben More.
"At the foot of Ben Uird, or Blairvocky Hill, is Blair-
vocky, the land which belonged to Buchanan of Blairvocky,
my ancestor, who emigrated to Ireland.
"We sat on the summit of the mountain one hour and
twenty minutes. From our guide, who was a shepherd, I
learnt the following song, which exhibits by its beauty the
superior taste of the lower order of Scotch :
I.
'Lowland lassie wilt thou go,
Where the hills are clad wi' snow,
Where beneath the icy steep,
The hardy shepherd tends his sheep,
111 or wae shall ye betide
I'll row ye in my highland plaid.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 6l
II.
Soon the voice of cheerie spring;
Will gar a' our plantings ring;
Soon our bonnie heather braes,
Will put on their summer claes.
On the mountain's sunny side,
We'll lean us on my highland plaid.
III.
When the summer decks the flow'rs
Busks the glens and leafy bow'rs,
Then we'll seek the caller shade,
And lean us on a primrose bed,
And while the burning hours preside,
I'll screen ye in my highland plaid.
IV.
Then we'll leave the sheep and goat,
I will launch the bonnie boat,
Skim the loch in cantie glee,
Rest the oars to pleasure thee
When chilly breezes sweep the tide,
I'll row ye in my highland plaid.
V.
Lowland lads may dress them fine,
Woo in words more saft than mine,
Lowland lads hae mair o' art
A' my boast's an honest heart,
Whilk shall ever be my pride,
To row ye in my highland plaid.
IV.
Bonnie lad ye've been sae leal,
My heart would break at our fareweel,
Long thy love has made me fain,
Take me, take me for thy ain,
Across the firth away they glide,
Young Donald and his lowland bride."
62 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
"At 11.25 A.M., we commenced our descent and arrived
at Row Ardennan at 1.15 P.M. Two men whom we met
during our descent performed the journey up and down
the mountain in 2 hours and 40 minutes which appeared
incredible to the guides. They went without a guide."
Returning to Glasgow, he proceeded to Edin-
burgh and found the surrounding country very
picturesque. He arrived at the Star Inn, Prince's
Street, on the 5th July, 1820.
"The streets," he says, "are very handsome in the New
Town. View from the Calton Hill, on which is a monument
to Lord Nelson, much in the shape of a lighthouse, in my
opinion bad taste. This view includes the Firth of Forth,
the lower parts of the old town and all the New Town.
The Regent bridge has been finished very lately, and is a
great ornament to the City."
He goes on to say :
"Castle of Edinburgh situated on a lofty rock. The
Regalia of Scotland in a room in the Castle were lately
discovered in a chest in which they had been deposited
in the last century at the Union, consisting of a crown,
sceptre and sword of state. In High Street we visited
the house formerly inhabited by Knox, the great reformer,
The uniformity of the street is interrupted by the projec-
tion of this house. At the corner of the house is a small
sculpture of Knox in his pulpit. There is a small stone
inscribed with the following words :
'THEOS DEUS GOD. '
"Holyrood Palace is situated in a low spot at the foot
of Arthur's Seat, a mountain. It is a plain building in
the shape of a quadrangle with a court inside and a cloister.
The principal curiosities of this place are the State bed
chamber of Queen Mary, as also her private bed chamber
and bed The small room in which she was sitting with
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 63
the Duchess of Argyll and Rizzio when thef avorite was
seized and dragged from her presence The door at which
Darnley and the other conspirators entered her bed cham-
ber. Holyrood Abbey in its present state is the most
beautiful ruin I ever beheld. One of the cloisters or aisles
is nearly perfect and the beautiful window in now entire,
having been of late restored it fell with the rest of the
building under the weight of the stone roof. Here may be
seen, now stopped up, traces of the doors through which
Darnley ascended to murder Rizzio, and that through
which Mary descended into the Chapel. In one corner of
the Chapel is the vault containing the remains of many
Scottish Kings. Here also repose many of the nobility of
Scotland."
In the Court of Session at Edinburgh he saw
Francis Jeffery, Cranstoun and Tom Clarke and
Sir Walter Scott, Prothonotary of the Court.
In these words does he eloquently record his
impressions of Scotland:
"Thus being about to take leave of Scotland, it is my
duty to admit that no country has ever interested me so
much and was so undeserving of the short stay which I
made in it. Caledonia, how great are thy attractions when
we regard the rugged grandeur of thy highlands, the fertility
and beauty of thy Lothian, the intelligence of thy sons
and the beauty of thy cities! Who that has trod thy soil
could view without emotion the fields immortalized by
thy heroes resisting the progress of a hostile and ambitious
neighbour! The same feelings gave rise to the following
beautiful sentences of Johnson on landing at Icolmkill :
" 'We were now treading that illustrious island which
was once the luminary of the Caledonian regions, whence
savage clans and roving barbarians derived the benefits
of knowledge and the blessings of religion. To abstract
the mind from all local emotion would be impossible if
it were endeavored, and would be foolish if it were pos-
64 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
sible. Whatever withdraws us from the powers of our
senses, whatever makes the past, the distant or the future,
predominate over the present, advances us in the dignity
of thinking beings. Far from me and far from my friends,
be such frigid philosophy, as may conduct us, indifferent
and unmoved, over any ground which has been dignified
by wisdom, bravery or virtue. The man is little to be
envied, whose patriotism would not gain force, upon the
plain of Marathon, or whose piety would not grow warmer
among the ruins of lona.'
"Cicero in the beginning of his V Book de fin. boni et
mali, has put these sentiments into the mouths of his
philosophic disputants :
'Turn Piso, Natura ne nobis hoc, inquit,
datum dicam, cum errore quodam, et cum ea
locavideamus, in quibus memoria dignos viros
acceperimus multos esse versatos, magis move-
amur quam si quando eorum ipsorum aut facto
audiamus, aut scriptum aliquid legamus f Velut
ego nunc moveor, venit enim mihi Platonis in
men tern.'
1 Well may the traveller exclaim in the language of the great,
Tully : ' Quacunquo enim ingredimur in aliquam historian!
vestigium ponuis.'"
On his way back to England he passed through
Berwick and Alnwick, where he viewed the Castle
of the Duke of Northumberland, which he says
" is a very extensive building and one of the most ancient
and perfect of its kind in all England. The battlements sur-
(1) "Then," said Piso, "shall I say that this is implanted in us
by nature, or by some mistake, that when we see those places
which we have heard that men who deserve to be had in recollection
have much frequented, we are more moved than when we hear even
of their actual deeds, or than when we read some one of their writings?
just as I am affected now. For the remembrance of Plato comes
into my mind."
(2) "For wherever we step we place our feet on some history.".
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 65
mounted with stone statues in every attitude make the
castle seem as if besieged. One of these statues over a
gateway is a representation of George Buchanan in rather
an unseemly posture in conformity to a vulgar anecdote
of that personage and the King of England. At a short
distance from Alnwick is a fine stone monument, at the
top of which is the Lion of the Percy raised to the memory
of the late Duke of Northumberland by his tenants."
At York he-
"took a survey of the celebrated Cathedral of York;
certainly equal to anything of the kind which I have
seen with difficulty .1 found an entrance into this most
solemn and magnificent of temples; remained some time
traversing its aisles contemplating^the majestic grandeur
of the internal architecture."
On his way to London, which he reached on
the nth July, 1820, he,
" passed many crosses, besides that of Waltham, raised
by Edward I. to commemorate the places at which the
body of his queen stopped on its way to the place of
sepulture. Went to the Crown Tavern in Bow Lane; the
coach was greatly retarded by the crowds"of people who
had assembled to see the ascent of the grasshopper to the
top of the steeple of Bow Church."
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 67
CHAPTER VIII.
1820.
IN LONDON GUILDHALL SESSIONS OF THE KING'S
BENCH AT BULLODE'S BRITISH GALLERY
DINES AT RICHMOND LEAVES LONDON AND SAILS
FOR NEW YORK SOME OF THE CELEBRATED MEN
HE SAW ON HIS TRAVELS.
On the 1 2th July, 1820, he says: " Was em-
ployed some part of the day in discovering the
residence of Mr. James Buchanan," and the next
day, " left the Crown, removed to 8 Northumber-
land Street, Strand, where my cousin lived." This
was his future father-in-law, James Buchanan,
then British Consul at New York, who had sailed
for England on the gth May, 1820, in the Man-
chester Packet via Halifax. He had stopped five
days at Halifax, and arrived in London on the
9th June, 1820. He returned from England by
Liverpool in the " Nestor," on the 3rd October,
1820, and arrived at New York on the 2nd
November, 1820.
The time was now rapidly approaching
when he should leave to return to Canada and
settle down to the practice of his profession.
Neglecting no opportunity to improve his
mind and forensic studies, he went to the Guild-
hall Sessions of the Court of King's Bench pre-
68 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
sided by Chief Justice Abbott. He saw Haydon's
picture of Christ's Entrance into Jerusalem, and
Gericault's picture of the Wreck of the French
Frigate Medusa, both at Bullude's. At the British
Gallery in Pall Mall he saw chiefly portraits, a
good marble bust of Cromwell, and the Death of
Lord Chatham. He dined at Mr. Scott's, Bedford
Row, and with Robert Hayes and Sanders went
to Richmond and from there to Hampton Court
in a gig.
"Passed through Bushey Park. The gardens at Hamp-
ton are very fine and well laid out. The palace has a fine
front but the remainder of the building is of brick and is
poor in appearance. The collection of paintings is large;
among them are the celebrated cartoons of Raffaele. After
having returned to Richmond, dined there and walked in
the Park, we took stage for London."
His friends Shortt and Goodman, whose names
so frequently recur in the Journal, were his school
fellows at Dr. Wilkie's school. W. T. P. Shortt
took his M.A. at Worcester College, Oxford. He
wrote several curious books, " Collectanea curiosa
antiqua Dunmonia, or an essay on Druidical re-
mains in Devon," " Sylva antiqua Iscana, or
Roman and other antiquities of Exeter." He also
wrote a History of Canada in Greek in contrac-
tions, and "A Visit to Milan, Florence." After
leaving college he was gazetted to the 34th Regi-
ment of Foot. Dr. Goodman returned to Canada
and practised his profession at St. Catharines,
Upper Canada.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. (X)
Having said farewell to his friends in London,
he left there on Saturday the 2gth July, 1820.
At ii p.m. on the ist August he embarked on
board the " Amity " bound for New York, where
he arrived on Sunday, the 3rd day of September.
While on his travels he assiduously attended
the Courts and public assemblies of Great Britain,
Ireland and France. At Westminster he saw
Chief Justice Abbott, afterwards Lord Tenterden,
presiding in the King's Bench with Judges Bay-
ley, Holroyd and Best, and heard at the Bar, Sir
James Scarlett, afterwards Lord Chief Baron
Abinger, Sir John Campbell, afterwards Lord
Chancellor, Sir John Jervis, and Peake and Pullen.
At Doctor's Commons he saw Sir William Scott
on the Bench and heard Dr. Lushington at the
Bar. In the Four Courts at Dublin he heard
Plunket, Bushe and Burton in the Chancery
Court and Scott and others in the King's Bench.
In the Court of Sessions at Edinburgh, he heard
and saw Jeffrey, Cranstoun and Tom Clarke and
the Prothonotary, Sir Walter Scott. In the
House of Commons he saw Speaker Sutton and
heard Brougham, Tierney, Lord Archibald Ham-
ilton, Col. Davis and Joseph Hume. At Glasgow
he heard the eloquent Dr. Chalmers in the pulpit.
And on the stage he saw Macready and Kean,
the comic Listen, Talma and Garcia. In the
London hospitals he heard lectures by Abernethy,
Millington, Sir William Blizzard, Astley Cooper
and Headington.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 7!
CHAPTER IX.
1820-1825.
HE REMOVES TO MONTREAL AND BEGINS PRACTICE
WITH JAMES STUART SIR JAMES STUART THE
BENCH AND BAR OF LOWER CANADA IN 1820 HIS
SISTER'S MARRIAGE HIS BROTHER GEORGE AR-
TICLED TO MR. PERRAULT JOSEPH FRANCOIS PER-
RAULT ALEXANDER'S MARRIAGE WITH MARY ANN
BUCHANAN -- THEIR RELATIONSHIP - - PERSONS
PRESENT AT THE WEDDING HIS SUCCESS AT THE
BAR HE FORMS A PARTNERSHIP WITH SOLICITOR-
GENERAL OGDEN HON. CHARLES RICHARD OGDEN.
It was not long after his return to Canada,
that he came to live in Montreal, where he now
began to practise that profession, in which he
became so distinguished. On the 24th May, 1821,
he took out his first writ in the Court of King's
Bench at Montreal, and during that year he was
counsel in a number of cases.
In the October Term of that year, he figures
as plaintiff, having, through O'Sullivan & Grant,
sued Zabdiel Thayer for legal services. He ob-
tained judgment on the loth October, 1821, for
^25 . i . 10, for "fees and disbursements of office."
In the beginning of the year 1822, he entered
into partnership with Mr. James Stuart. The
practice of partnership among advocates, derived
from that of the Courts of England, was intro-
72 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
duced about that time. Michael O'Sullivan and
J. C. Grant in 1821, were the first to inaugurate
this system. Then came the firm of Stuart &
Buchanan, and these examples were speedily
followed by Ogden & Gugy, Beaubien & Badgley,
Viger & Driscoll, Lacroix & Walker, Bedard &
Mondelet, Clark & Bedard, McMillan & Rossiter,
Sewell & Griffin, and others,
The firm of Stuart & Buchanan took out their
first writ on the igth January, 1822.
His partner, Mr. James Stuart, had been
Solicitor-General, but having been dismissed from
his office in 1809, by Sir James Craig, for being
discourteous and for not having defended the
policy of the Executive Government, although
not now a member of the Assembly, was in active
opposition to the Government. Kingsford says
of him, "Mr. Stuart's superior talents would have
gained him pre-eminence in any situation, and he
was restrained by little scruple in the exercise of
them." At this time he was forty years old,
having been born in 1780. He had been admitted
to the Bar in 1801, and practised at Quebec until
1805, when "at the early age of twenty-five he
was appointed Solicitor-General of Lower Canada,"
and removed to Montreal. In 1825, he became
Attorney-General, which office he held until 1830,
when he was suspended by Lord Aylmer upon
the report of the Standing Committee of
Grievances of the Assembly recommending a
petition to the King petitioning him to dismiss
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 73
the Attorney -General for exacting fees on Com-
missions issued on the King's demise, for arrogance,
and a number of other trivial complaints, and
was subsequently removed from his office by Lord
Goderich, the Colonial Secretary, for having
exacted fees for the renewals of the Commissions
of Notaries and others on the death of the King,
and having, contrary to the law, inserted in the
text of the Commissions " during pleasure." He
was appointed Chief Justice of Lower Canada in
1838. He was created a Baronet in 1842, and
died in 1853.
"Few public men," says Kingsford, "have left behind
them so unenviable a reputation for haughtiness and re-
serve. His ability and his knowledge as a lawyer remain
unimpeachable. It was said of him that he once declared
that he had never read a book unless with the view of ob-
taining information practically of use to him. His appli-
cation was great, and any subject which as a duty he
studied he mastered. But he was without generous sym-
pathy with literature, and his speeches attracted by power
and force rather than by literary grace and polish. He
was one of the last to whom Ovid's well-known lines could
be applied:
" Ingenuas didicisse fideliter artes
Emollit mores, nee sinuit esse feros."
The partnership of Stuart & Buchanan lasted
until about April, 1825, when Mr. Stuart on his
appointment as Attorney-General returned to
Quebec.
In the year 1820, the Bench of Lower
Canada was composed of Chief Justices Monk, at
74 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Montreal, and Sewell, at Quebec, and puisne
Judges Reid, Foucher and Pyke, at Montreal, and
Kerr, Bowen and Perrault, at Quebec. The Hon.
Pierre B^dard was Provincial Judge at Three
Rivers. Judge Ogden, who had not sat on the
Bench for some years, being absent in England
on leave, had just resigned, being replaced by the
Advocate-General George Pyke.
The Attorney-General was Norman Fitzgerald
Uniacke, and the Solicitor-General, Charles Mar-
shall. Uniacke, son of the Hon. Richard John
Uniacke, of Halifax, sometime Attorney-General
of Nova Scotia, had received this appointment
on June, 20, 1809, but not having given satisfaction,
he was suspended in the following year by Sir
James Craig. Chief Justice Sewell and Judges
de Bonne and Kerr being asked to report as to
his fitness for that position, reported that they
considered the Attorney -General's knowledge of
Criminal Law very superficial, his knowledge of
the Civil Law defective, that he possessed little
acquaintance of the French language, and that
they did not consider him qualified for the office.
Chief Justice Monk and Judges Panet and Ogden
reported that they had hardly had a chance to
judge of his efficiency, but they did not think he
quite came up to what the Attorney General
should be. Having obtained leave of absence,
Uniacke went to England and being reinstated in
his position returned to Montreal and held it until
1825, when he was appointed Judge of the King's
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 75
Bench in Montreal. In September, 1818, as the
result of an accident in Montreal, his left leg was
amputated. He sat on the Bench until 1834,
when he resigned and was succeeded by Samuel
Gale. He returned to Nova Scotia where he was
named Judge of the Superior Court. He died on
nth December, 1846, at Halifax.
The Solicitor General, Charles Marshall, who
was an Englishman and a barrister of the Inner
Temple, was appointed to that office on 1 2th June,
1817. Sir John Coape Sherbrooke, having in 1 8 1 6
dismissed Stephen Sewell for his action in publish-
ing certain libellous documents to discredit the
Government, complained to the Home Office that
he could not fill the office of Solicitor General from
the Bar here, and asked that a lawyer be sent
from the English Bar to fill the office. Marshall,
on the recommendation of Lord Chief Justice
Vicary Gibbs, was sent out, and arrived in Quebec
in the month of June, 1817. He was required
to reside in Quebec (the Attorney General living
at Montreal) and the inadequacy of his salary led
to employing him in the Criminal business of the
Courts. Previous to coming to Canada, he ap-
pears to have contracted an unfortunate marriage,
but he did not bring his wife to Canada, nor allow
her to join him here. In 1822, Uniacke, whom
Marshall had hoped to succeed in his office as At-
torney General, having declined to resign his
office, he (Marshall) obtained leave of absence
76 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
and returned to England, and does not appear to
have come back to Canada.
The Advocate General was George Vanfelson,
appointed on the 28th January, 1819. "He was
given a dinner by the Gentlemen of the Bar on
the 6th February, 1819, at Mailhot's Hotel (at
Quebec) on his appointment."
In 1820 the only King's Counsel were David
Ross, of Quebec, Alexis Caron and C. R. Ogden.
The following gentlemen were subsequently ap-
pointed to this rank in the order named: J. T.
Taschereau in 1821, the first French Canadian to
receive this rank of distinction ; Pierre Vezina, of
Three Rivers, in 1824; J. R.Vallieres de St. Ral, in
1825 ; Stephen Sewell, who had been Solicitor
General, in 1827 ; A.W. Cochran and Joseph B6dard
in 1828; Michael O'Sullivan, Frederic Auguste
Quesnel and Philipe Panet, in 1831; Dominique
Mondelet, in 1833; A. D. Bostwick, of Three
Rivers, James Charles Grant, who died the year
after his appointment, Alexander Buchanan and
Jean Francois Joseph Duval, in 1835 ; and in 1836,
Henry Black, of Quebec, was the last to receive
the patent of King's Counsel. These names re-
presented the leaders of the Bar of Lower Canada
during the years 1816 to 1835. But mention
must be made of the following lawyers, who,
although not honored with this mark of distinction,
were eminent at the Bar: Andrew Stuart, at one
time Solicitor General; Louis Plamondon, John
Fletcher, afterwards a Judge for St. Francis ; Louis
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 77
Moquin, and B. C. A. Gugy, at Quebec, and
Samuel Gale, Denis B. Viger, Jean R. Rolland,
Toussaint Peltier, William Walker, C. C. S. de
Bleury, C. S. Cherrier, and Louis Hypolite Lafon-
taine, at Montreal.
The Duke of Richmond, from whom Alexander
had received his commission of advocate, died in
August, 1819, and was succeeded by the Earl of
Dalhousie, who held office of Governor General
for eight years until 1828.
On the 3rd November, 1820, Alexander's sis-
ter Jane was married to Captain William Hall.
They were married at Quebec by the Revd. James
Harkness, of St. Andrew's Church, and Mr. J. F.
Perrault signed the Register. The following letter
speaks for itself:
Monsieur & Ami, QUEBEC, le 31, 8re, 1820.
J'ai re*gle* le compte de votre soeur sur le meme pied que
j'ai e*tabli le votre & il lui revient les sommes suivantes a
prendre sur
Inte*ret a compter du 9, pvre, 1820. M.
John White, applique* sur la maison
de feu votre pre .1000 .
Inte*ret a compter du 28, 8re, 1820. M.
John Ross, sur le pre"t de ^500,
son 1/3 166.13. 4
M. J. Fr. X., fils, les effets achete's
a 1'encan de feu votre p&re 58.13.11
Inte're't a compter du i, gre, 1820. Moi
m^me pr. reliquat de compte de tu-
telle 246 . 13 . 7
Total i 472. o.io
78 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
ce qui donnera une rente annuelle de 88.6.5^ a votre
soeur, si vous jugez convenable de laisser ces differentes
sommes a inte*ret comme vous m'avez paru de*sirer d'en
faire une clause dans son contrat de manage, Je vous
envoye ce detail pour 1'etablir plus certainement cor-
rectivement.
J'ai 1'honneur d'etre avec consideration,
Votre affection^ serviteur et ami,
J. F. Perrault.
M. Alex. Buchanan,
Avocat, Present.
By her contract of marriage referred to and
passed "at the dwelling house of the above named
Joseph Francois Perrault in the said City of Que-
bec, in the afternoon of the 3rd November, 1820"
her brother Alexander, Andrew Stuart, Advocate,
and Henry Black, Advocate, who were all parties
to the deed, were appointed Trustees to receive
certain claims and invest the proceeds for her
benefit.
The venerable Perrault evidently had a desire
to have his wedding present to Jane placed on
record and be known to posterity, for the deed
solemnly sets forth "and the said Joseph Francois
Perrault, for and in consideration of ^he affection
which he beareth towards the said Jane Buchanan
doth hereby give unto the said Jane Buchanan in
token thereof, a tea pot, cream ewer and sugar
dish, all of silver plate, hereof accepting the said
Jane Buchanan by and with the authority of the
said Joseph Francois Perrault."
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 79
On the igth July, 1821, Alexander Buchanan,
on the advice of a family council of himself
and John Buchanan, brothers, and William
Hall, brother-in-law, Andrew Stuart, Jos. Fr. X.
Perrault, junior, Edward Burroughs and Henry
Black, friends of George Buchanan, was appointed
by Mr. Justice Bowen tutor to him to pass
his articles of clerkship for the profession of the
law with Mr. J. F. Perrault. The application to
the Court for the necessary authority to pass the
indentures was made by Mr. Perrault and recites
that George Buchanan, minor, of the age of six-
teen years in August, 1821, has had a liberal
education, which puts him in a position to aspire
to the profession of advocate, attorney, and
solicitor in this Province, or of Prothonotary
that it is necessary to pass a brevet to this effect
with some qualified person of the profession that
his revenues are only annually 30, and conse-
quently too slight to provide for his keep and
board, and that it will be necessary to find some
one of the profession who would be willing to
charge himself with his "logement, chauffage et
nourriture " for his work, and permit him to retain
his thirty pounds current for his keep, without
touching his capital of ^500 and therefore, if
some one of the Bar wish to accept this condition
that Mr. Perrault be authorized to pass the deed
of apprenticeship of George Buchanan with such
person, if not, that there be named a tutor
to pass with him articles. The articles were
8O ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
signed at Quebec on the 31 July, 1821, at which
time Alexander is described as of Montreal.
Mr. Perrault whose, name occurs so frequently
in these proceedings, was for many years Pro-
thonotary of the Court of King's Bench at Quebec.
He was born in 1753, and commenced the study
of the law in 1790, with Maitre Mezieres, advocate,
at Montreal. He had almost completed his term
of apprenticeship with M. Mezieres, when that
gentleman died. The Legislative Council having
rejected a bill dispensing with the six months
that remained to be completed, he was on the 8th
May, 1795, appointed with David Lynd, Pro-
thonotary of the King's Bench and Clerk of the
Peace and Sessions at Quebec. He died on the
5th April, 1844, aged 91 years.
The account of tutorship rendered by Mr.
Perrault is interesting as showing life in Quebec
in the early part of the century.
The very first item is "pr. autant que Jane a
perdu au jeu chez M. Vanfelson, 0.2.6," yet Jane
was only sixteen at the time. She had evidently
come out in society in 1816, for in that year there is
an entry" donn6 a Jane pour souliers, rubans, gands,
et a elle pr. le bal de la reine 1.0. o." In 1817
she went to a ball at the Chateau, and in 1818
to a ball at Mr. Duchesnay's. In the latter
year she went into mourning for the Princess
Charlotte. These items explain themselves:
in 1818, "donne* a Jane 4!- neuf pr. marquerau
wist." In 1819, "donn6 a Jane pr. payer le char-
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 8l
etier qui 1'amene du bal du chateau, 0.2.9." In
August, 1819, she was given 2.10.0. for her trip
to Varennes in the steamboat as far as Sorel,
7/6 for her half of a caleche from Sorel to Var-
ennes, the same to return from Varennes to Sorel,
and 2.5. for the steamboat to come down. In
March, 1820, M. Baby gave a ball to which she
went. Jane was educated at the Ursuline Convent,
at Quebec, where she made her first communion
as a Catholic, but on her marriage to Captain
Hall, she returned to the Protestant Church.
The account also contains the expenses for
George :
In 1816 he was taking lessons in dancing. He
also went to a French school in Quebec. In May,
1817, the sum of 27 . i .9 was paid to Mr. Wilkie
for six months' school tuition for George; in
November of the same year 28 .8.0, and in Feb-
ruary following 14. 5.0; ii May, 1818, ^12.12.6
for one quarter, and in November, 21.13.2.
During the summer of 1817, Alexander went on a
trip to Brandy Pots. Jane was in Montreal and
George went to Riviere Ouelle, probably on a visit
to the Perraults.
Previous to the ist of April, 1819, Mr. Perrault
settled George's affairs with his brother Alexander,
and on that date appears to have opened a new
and special account for him.
In 1821, George was attending the dancing
school of M. Provendie, mtre. de danse, and in
6
82 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
1822, that of M. Rod, who charged ten shillings
a month. About July, 1822, having taken lessons
in navigation from Capt. Wm. Hutton, for which
he paid 2.0.0., he appears to have left
Canada on a sea voyage, and seems to have been
a long time absent for his name does not appear
again until 1828, when apparently he returned,
for on the yth June of that year there is an entry
of two pounds having been paid him for his voy-
age to Montreal.
On the 22nd October, 1829, Mr. Perrault
settled his account, at which time George was pre-
sumably in Quebec.
On the 22nd July, 1822, by deed of "d^liver-
ance de legs," passed at Montreal, "Alexander
Buchanan, Esquire, of the said City of Montreal,
Advocate, acting as well for himself and for and
in the name and on behalf of his brother John
Buchanan, of Hawkesbury, in the Province of
Upper Canada, Gentleman, duly authorized to
this effect by Letter of Attorney, and Jane Bu-
chanan, wife of William Hall, also of said Mont-
real, Master of the Steamboat "New Swiftsure,"
hereunto authorized by her said husband, also
party hereto, universal residuary legatees of the
late John Buchanan, Esquire, in his lifetime of the
City of Quebec, in the said Province, Surgeon,"
transferred to George Buchanan, accepting by
Francois Xavier Bender, of Montreal, Advocate,
the sum of 500, as the last instalment of the
price of 3,500. currency due by John White for
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 83
the house and premises situated in Parloir Street,
in the Upper Town of the City of Quebec. The
sale of this property led to a lawsuit. In 1823,
Alexander Buchanan, John Buchanan, William
Hall, and Jane Mary Buchanan, his wife, brought
an action in the Court of King's Bench at Quebec,
against John White and James McCallum for
2,000., two instalments of the purchase price of
3,500., currency, due gth May, 1819, and gth
May, 1821, and against Joseph Francois Perrault
for a deliverance of all the real and personal pro-
perty of their father Dr. John Buchanan. The
Court of King's Bench, on the 2oth of June, 1823
gave judgment in favor of the Plaintiffs. In this
case Stuart & Black acted for the Plaintiffs and
Mr. Vallieres de St. Real for the Defendants. This
judgment was confirmed in the Provincial Court
of Appeals on the 2oth November, 1823, and by
the Privy Council on the 28th April, 1828.
On the 3ist January, 1824, Mr. Buchanan's
name is found as godfather to the son of his
partner, James Stuart, who was named Charles
James, and became Sir Charles James Stuart,
Baronet. *
(i) Sir Charles Stuart, Baronet, died on the asth February,
1901, at 98 Eaton Square, London, aged 77 years. He was buried
at Brompton Cemetery. His only sister, Mary Stuart, died on the
and of March, 1901, at her late brother's residence. The following
appeared in "The Times" of March ist, 1901:
"Sir Charles Stuart, second Baronet, died at his residence in
Eaton Square, on Monday, aged 77. Educated at University Col-
lege, Oxford, where he graduated in 1845 ' ne wa called to the Bar
at the Inner Temple in 1848, and succeeded his father, who wa
Chief Justice of Lower Canada, in 1853. Sir Charles Stuart, is
84 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
On the 2nd of March, 1824, Alexander Bu-
chanan married Mary Ann, the eldest daughter
of James Buchanan, British Consul at New York.
The following statement of James Buchanan
shews the exact relationship which existed between
Doctor John Buchanan and himself:
"My daughter, Mary Ann," James Buchanan writes,
"married Alexander Buchanan, Q.C., whose father was
Physician to the Forces at Quebec, whose grandfather and
my father were cousins by my mother's side, his father
named John, the grandfather Alexander, and resided at
Fintona."
Mary Ann Buchanan was born at Farmhill,
near Omagh, on the nth June, 1802, and was
thus twenty-two years old at the time of her
marriage.
The wedding took place at the Manhattan
Bank House, Bowery Hill, at New York, They
were married by the Reverend Doctor Jonathan
Mayhew Wainwright, Rector of Grace Church,
New York. Doctor Wainwright afterwards be-
came Rector of Trinity Church, Boston, and then
Bishop of New York.
Among the relations and guests present were
Mr. and Mrs. James Buchanan, their children,
Robert Stewart, John Stewart, Oliver William
(only 4 years old), Jane, Sarah, Elizabeth, Maria,
himself succeeded by his brother Major- General Edward Andrew
Stuart, who was born in 1832, served in the Crimea where he was
severely wounded, and in the China war of 1860, was Lieutenant-
Governor of Chelsea Hospital from 1855 to 1860, and is Colonel of
the Royal Scots (Lothian Regiment)."
MARY ANN BUCHANAN.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 85
Isabella, and Amelia, and their friends Emily
Neilson, Elizabeth Neilson, Caroline Black, Matilda
Few, Catharine F. Stuyvesant, E. M. Munroe,
Susan de Lancey, Juliana Gouverneur, Julia M.
Lambert, Margaret Turnbull, Martha Glover, M.
P. Carey, S. E. Perkins, Mr. and Mrs. Cadwallader
D. Colden, Thomas William Moore, David R.
Lambert, M. Munroe, Thomas Proctor, Thomas
G. Carey, Samuel Glover, Francis Stoughton,
James Munroe, Junior, Peter Stuyvesant and
Thomas Frost.
Alexander Buchanan was now fast making a
name for himself in his profession, in which he
was eminently successful and soon took his place
as a leader at the Montreal Bar.
About October, 1824, he entered into partner-
ship with the Hon. Charles Richard Ogden, then
Solicitor-General.
Ogden, who was a son of Judge Isaac Ogden,
was the senior of Alexander Buchanan both in
years and at the Bar by seven years. He was
born in 1791, and, having studied law at Montreal,
was admitted to the Bar in 1812. Ini8i6, not four
years after his call to the Bar, he was appointed a
King's Counsel, being the fourth lawyer of Lower
Canada to receive that honour. He first practised
at Three Rivers, and in 1818 was appointed to act
as Attorney -General and Solicitor-General for the
District of Three Rivers. In 1824 he was ap-
pointed Solicitor-General of Lower Canada, when
he removed to Montreal and "entered into
86 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
partnership with Mr. Buchanan of that City.
The firm soon became eminent in the profession,
and the members of it enjoyed a very large and
lucrative practice." In 1833, Mr. Ogden was ad-
vanced to the office of Attorney -General, when he
removed to Quebec. He was Attorney-General
until 1842, when he went to England, where he
died in 1866.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C, 8/
CHAPTER X.
1825-1835.
THE FIRM OF OGDEN & BUCHANAN OF BUCHANAN
& ANDREWS HIS CASES THE BROTHERS-IN-LAW
CLUB FOUNDATION OF THE ADVOCATES LIBRARY
HE IS ITS FIRST SECRETARY REPORT OF COM-
MITTEE AS TO THE STUDY FOR THE BAR THE
MONTREAL COMMITTEE HE IS MASTER OF ST.
PAUL'S LODGE DEATH OF WILLIAM BUCHANAN OF
YAMASKA -- MARRIAGE OF ANN BUCHANAN TO
HENRY McFARLANE.
The firm of Ogden & Buchanan did an active
business until 1833, when, as has been said, Mr.
Ogden left Montreal to live at Quebec. About
March, 1832, Henry Ogden Andrews had become
a partner in the firm of Ogden, Buchanan & An-
drews, and when Mr. Ogden retired, the firm
became Buchanan & Andrews and remained so
until 1841, when the firm of Buchanan & Johnson
came into existence. In 1851, Mr. Buchanan was
in partnership with John Bleakley and H. O.
Andrews, the firm then being Buchanan, Bleak-
ley & Andrews.
Mr. Buchanan conducted many important
cases involving grave questions of law, and not a
few of these cases went to the Privy Council. But
owing to the absence of any regular reports of the
decisions of the Courts of Lower Canada during
88 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
his practice, only very slight information is ob-
tainable concerning his cases. The case of Dorion
vs. Dorion was among the first of importance in
which he was engaged. This was an action
petitio haereditatis by which the Plaintiffs claimed
that the Defendants had taken possession of the
Estate of Jacques Dorion, without any legal
authority for so doing. Stuart & Buchanan were
for the Plaintiffs and Mr. B. Beaubien and Mr.
Samuel Gale appeared for the several Defendants.
The case was argued in the King's Bench in Mont-
real in 1822, and that Court, in 1824, decided
that the property, of which no disposition had
been made in the Will of the Testator, belonged
to the Plaintiffs. The Plaintiffs were not satis-
fied with this judgment and appealed to the Court
of Appeals at Quebec, which Court, in 1828, re-
versed the judgment; Stuart & Buchanan for the
Appellants, Mr. Beaubien with Mr. Valli&res de St.
Ral for the Respondents. The case then went
to the Privy Council and there both the former
judgments were reversed and the case sent back
in order that certain parties might be added to
the record. This case was before the Courts as
late as 1857, when it was finally decided in the
Superior Court in Montreal. By that time the
parties originally in the case as well as their counsel
had all passed away, and Mr. C. S. Cherrier, Q.C.,
and Mr. A. A. Dorion (the late Chief Justice Sir
Antoine Dorion) acted for the representatives of
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 89
the Plaintiffs, and the firm of Leblanc and Cas-
sidy for the Defendants.
The first mention of Buchanan's name in the
law reports is in 1823 on the Appeal of John Scott
and others and the Phoenix Assurance Co. This
appeal arose out of an interlocutory order of the
Court of King's Bench at Montreal, in an action
of covenant upon a policy of insurance by which
that Court assumed the power of compelling the
parties to submit the matters in contest between
them to arbitrators, thereby enforcing the specific
execution of the clause or condition in the policy
under which the parties had agreed that, in case
any difference or dispute should arise touching
any loss or damage, such difference was to be sub-
mitted to the judgment and determination of
arbitrators.
Buchanan for the Appellant argued that in
three distinct points of view the Court below had
acted unwarrantably in referring the matters in
issue between the parties to arbitrators:
1. That considering the terms in which the
condition was couched it appeared, evidently, to
have been the intention of the parties that the
submission to arbitration should be dependent on
the free will of the parties, but if the parties did
submit, that the award to be made should be
obligatory.
2. That even a submission to arbitration is a
revocable instrument and is assimilated to a power
of attorney ; a forttori&n agreement to submit can-
9O ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
not bind irrevocably. And a party refusing stare
compromisso could be made liable only to a penalty
agreed upon, or to assessed damages. In accord-
ance with which is the principle of the French law
declaring that the courts cannot decree a specific
performance.
3. That the King cannot, by an agreement
between any two or more of his subjects, be
divested of his prerogative of judicial supremacy
the exercise of which he had delegated to his courts
of justice. That those courts have accordingly
held that a mere agreement of persons to submit
matters in dispute between them to arbitration
cannot oust the courts of their jurisdiction, nor
deprive the contracting parties of their right of
resorting to the royal tribunals for the adjustment
of their controversies.
John Fletcher, afterwards Judge Fletcher, fol-
lowed on the same side and Thomas Gugy with
Andrew Stuart represented the Respondents. On
the 2oth of January, 1823, the Court of Appeals
presided by Chief Justice Sewell maintained the
Appeal and held that under a clause or condition
in policies of insurance, that in case of any dispute
between the parties it should be referred to arbitra-
tion, the courts are not ousted of their jurisdiction,
nor could they compel the parties to submit to a
reference in the progress of the suit.
The case was then tried on the merits in the
Court of King's Bench, and on the 2oth of June,
1825, that Court, composed of Judges Reid, Fou-
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. QT
cher and Pyke gave judgment in favor of the
Plaintiffs, but this judgment, being appealed to
the Court of Appeals, was, on the 2oth of January,
1826, reversed, and the Plaintiffs' action dis-
missed on an objection raised for the first time
when the case was in Appeal, on the ground that
the certificate called for in the policy of insurance
was insufficient. From this judgment the Plain-
tiffs appealed to the Privy Council, but unsuccess-
fully, for that body, on the i3th May, 1829,
confirmed the judgment of the Court of Appeals
dismissing the action. In the Privy Council, Mr.
Brougham argued the Appeal.
The next case mentioned in the law reports,
is that of Fleming & the Seminary of Montreal,
which excited great interest. The proper title of
the case was Messire Jean H. A. Roux et al vs.
William Fleming. The facts were as follows :
In 1821 the Gentlemen Ecclesiastics of the
Seminary of Montreal brought action against
William Fleming, of Lachine, complaining that
he had illegally erected a windmill at Lachine
and that as Seigneurs they had the exclusive rights
to operate windmills on the Island of Montreal,
and asked that he be ordered to demolish this
windmill. The Seminary was represented by
Stephen Sewell, and Stuart & Buchanan acted for
Fleming.
In 1822 the Court of King's Bench maintained
the Plaintiffs in quiet and peaceable possession
and enjoyment of the right of Banalite* in the
92 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Seigniory of the Island of Montreal, and ordered
the Defendant to demolish the windmill in such
manner only as to prevent the windmill from
grinding wheat or grain of any sort or kind into
flour or meal. This case was of great importance,
as the corporate existence of the Seminary of
Montreal was involved and its competency to exer-
cise Seigniorial rights over the Island of Montreal
denied, and from the judgment of the Court of
King's Bench, Fleming appealed to the Court of
Appeals.
The Appeal was argued in the Court of Appeals
at Quebec in the term of January, 1824, before
the President of that Court, Sir F. N. Burton,
Lieutenant-Governor, Chief Justice Jonathan
Sewell, and the Honourables John Richard-
son, A. L. J. Duchesnay, H. M. Percival,
Oliver Perrault, W. B. Coltman and William
Smith, and five days were taken up with the hear-
ing, but no decision was rendered, and on the 2oth
of January, 1824, the Court being then equally
divided, ordered a rehearing. In the term of
January, 1825, Mr. Louis Moquin for the Respon-
dents obtained a rule upon the Appellants to show
cause why the opinions of two members of the
Court, namely, Chief Justice Sewell and the
Honourable William Smith, brothers-in-law, who
were in favor of maintaining the Appeal and dis-
missing the action, should not be reckoned as one,
and why judgment should not accordingly be
rendered by an affirmance of the judgment of
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 93
the Court below. Bdard and Vallieres de St.
Real, Counsel for the Respondents, argued in
support of the rule, which Buchanan for the
Appellant resisted, and on the i8th of January,
1825, the Court "having taken time to consider
of its judgment made an order that the Respon-
dents should take nothing by the rule."
The case seems to have there dropped, as there
is no record of a rehearing having taken place.
The late John Fraser, in his Pen and Ink Sketches
refers to the case and says:
"FLEMING'S WINDMILL. This old wind-
mill is a standing monument to the memory of a
determined, stubborn Scotchman 'that indignant
spirit of the North,' in resisting the pretensions
of the wealthiest, the greatest corporation in
Lower Canada, to prevent him building his mill.
When the late Mr. Fleming commenced the
building of his mill for the manufacture of oat-
meal, the gentlemen of the Seminary of St. Sul-
pice, as Seigneurs of the Island of Montreal, claimed
that they alone had the right of building mills of
any description. Mr. Fleming thought differently;
he admitted if they controlled the water privileges
their charter gave them no control over the ' winds
of Heaven' nor of any other power a man may
utilize for the purpose of running his mill.
A long lawsuit was the result, the late Mr.
Buchanan, K.C., was Mr. Fleming's legal adviser.
We forget exactly how this case ended. It is all
in the law reports. We believe,' however, that
94 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
the Seminary, after a long contest, allowed the
matter to drop and permitted Mr. Fleming to
finish his mill. The old mill stands firm and solid
with its four wings but without any sails, as it
has not been used for the past thirty years. It
looks like a Martello tower and may stand for
centuries ; a monument to the memory of a deter-
mined Scotchman."
In 1827 Ogden & Buchanan took out an action
which was destined to go to the Privy Council
This was the celebrated case of Donegani vs.
Donegani.
In the year 1794, Jean Donegani the elder,
and his wife, both of them Italians by birth, emi-
grated from Moltrazio, in Lombardy, to Lower
Canada. They brought with them four children,
viz: three sons, Jean the younger, Joseph and
Daniel, and one daughter, TheYese. All these
children had been born in Italy. The*rese married
Joseph Donegani, and she had by him three child-
ren, Jean Antoine, Joseph and Guillaume Antoine,
who were all born in Canada, and became her
heirs at her death, in 1807. Jean Donegani, the
elder, and his wife, having amassed considerable
property, returned to Moltrazio, and died there in
1809, having by his will and codicil, both made at
Montreal, left a legacy of 500 to his daughter
TheYese, and the residue of his real and personal
property to his wife for life, and after her death
one half of it to his son Joseph, and the other half
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 95
equally between his other two sons Jean and
Daniel.
In 1815, upon the death of his mother, Joseph
Donegani took possession of the real estate at
Montreal. In February, 1827, Jean Antoine, Jo-
seph and Guillaume Antoine Donegani, the child-
ren of The'rese Donegani brought their action in
the Court of King's Bench at Montreal, as the
grandchildren and sole heirs at law of Jean Done-
gani against their uncle Joseph Donegani for the
recovery of this property which they claimed by
reason of their birth within the dominions of His
Majesty, and their being the only legal heirs of
their grandfather, to the exclusion of their uncle
Joseph Donegani, and their other uncles, whose
character of aliens, they contended, rendered them
incapable of taking any portion of the property
of their deceased parent, either by right of in-
heritance or by devise.
The arguments of the Counsel in the King's
Bench as given in the report of this case are very
interesting. Buchanan argued for the Plaintiffs
and the brilliant William Walker with Mondelet
for the Defendants.
The Court of King's Bench maintained the
Plaintiffs' action, holding that an alien can pur-
chase and acquire, as also dispose of his property
by deed of sale, deed of gift inter vivos or other-
wise, but he could not devise by last will, and the
legal right to the entire estate devolved to Jean
96 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Antoine Donegani and his brothers as lineally
descended from the grandfather.
Joseph Donegani appealed from this judgment
to the Court of Appeals of Lower Canada, which,
in 1832, affirmed it with costs. In the Court
of Appeals Duval and Vallieres de St. Real,
both of whom were afterwards Chief Justices,
acted for the Appellants and Ogden and Buchanan
for the Respondents. He then appealed from the
latter judgment to the King in Council. In the
Privy Council Joseph Donegani was represented
by Sir John Campbell, K.C., and Dr. Lushington,
and Jean Antoine Donegani and his brothers
by Coltman, K.C., and Jacob, K.C., and in
1835, tne appeal was dismissed with costs,
and the principle that the droit daubaine
became the law of Lower Canada, with regard to
aliens, on the ancient French Law being estab-
lished there was affirmed. The Judges in the
Privy Council were Vice-Chancellor Sir Lancelot
Shadwell, Mr. Baron Parke and Mr. T. Bosanquet,
Chief Judge of the Court of Bankruptcy.
In the Appeal of Russell and Field in 1833,
he acted for the Appellants. This was an action
instituted by the Appellants against the Respon-
dent, to which was pleaded the pendency of another
suit between the same parties, and for the same
cause of action, in the State of Vermont. This
plea was maintained by the judgment of the Court
below, which gave rise to the appeal. In the
King's Bench the Plaintiffs had been represented
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. Q7
by Fisher & Smith, and the Defendant by John
Boston, but, in the Court of Appeals, Buchanan
& Andrews acted for the Appellants and W. K.
McCord for the Respondent. The Appeal was
argued by Buchanan and the grounds upon which
this judgment was impugned were, that whether
such respect should be shown to litispendance in
a foreign country, as to suffer it to bar or suspend
a suit, was a question of public law, and so should
be decided by the laws of England, as a paramount
authority throughout the Empire. According to
the principles of English jurisprudence, litispend-
ance in a foreign country, or even in one of the
colonies, could not be pleaded in any way to an
action in the courts of Westminster Hall. Upon
the supposition that this were a case to be governed
by the practice of the French courts, litispend-
ance in a foreign country could not be pleaded,
as France was distinguished from most of the
states of Europe by her showing no regard for
foreign jurisprudence. Viewing the plea of litis-
pendance abroad, in its true light, as ascertained
by force of obligation, but ex c omit ate the basis
of that country, which is reciprocity, would fail
in the present instance, as in the state of Vermont,
and the other United States of America, litispend-
ance in a foreign country or even in a sister state
could not be pleaded to an action brought
there. The Court of Appeals reversed the judg-
ment of the Court below and held that litis-
7
98 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
pendance in a foreign state is no bar to an
action instituted in this Province. The unfor-
tunate Respondent, William H. Field, quite a
young man, had an unhappy ending. He had been
arrested for debt at the instance of Messrs. Hector
Russel & Co., in January, 1833, and was detained
in the Montreal gaol, where he committed suicide
in December, 1833.
On the appeal of William Maitland and John
Molson, in which judgment was rendered in 1830,
Stephen Sewell, K.C., was Counsel for the Appel-
lants, and Solicitor-General Ogden and Buchanan
for the Respondents. This was an action result-
ing from a collision between the steamboats * ' New
Swif tsure ' ' and ' ' Hercules. ' '
In 1845 we find him with F. G. Johnson, Coun-
sel for the Appellant in the appeal of Lemesurier
vs. Hart Logan. The Court decided in favor of
his contention that, upon the sale of goods by ad-
mensuration which may happen to be destroyed
before measurement, the loss is cast upon the
seller.
The last case of importance mentioned in the
reports is the case of The Quebec Fire Assurance
Co. vs. Molson and St. Louis which arose out of the
destruction in 1843 f tne Church at Boucherville,
from fire caused by sparks from the chimneys of
the steamboat "St. Louis" belonging to John
Molson. This case was decided in the Privy Coun-
cil in 1851.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 99
In the year 1827 Dr. Wilkie started a news-
paper, "The Star," at Quebec. Amongst those
who contributed articles to this paper were An-
drew Stuart, Judge Fletcher and Alexander Bu-
chanan. "The Star," the first number of which
appeared in December of that year, lasted for
three years. The following extract is from a note
to "A View of the Civil Government and Ad-
ministration of Justice in the Province of Canada
While it was Subject to the Crown of France/*
which is reprinted in the first volume of the
Lower Canada Jurist:
"On what ground the VIEW was attributed
in 'The Star' to Chief Justice Hey, I know not;
but as the proprietor and chief editor of that paper
the late Rev. Dr. Wilkie was no ordinary man
in literature, was scrupulously exact in every state-
ment of facts, and ranked among the contributors
to and supporters of his paper, such men as the
late Andrew Stuart, Judge Fletcher, Alexander
Buchanan, and one or two living legal characters
of almost equal note, whose means and oppor-
tunities of obtaining correct information, on all
such subjects, were of the best description, I think
it highly probable, that the point of authorship
of the VIEW being in Chief Justice Hey, was
clearly ascertained, before it was allowed to be
stated in so positive a manner in a paper of such
high repute and generally acknowledged correct-
ness as ' The Star. ' It is possible, however, that the
VIEW and PLAN embodied in it, may have formed
100 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
the Report adopted by Governor Carleton and his
Council, from which both the Chief Justice and
Attorney General Maseres dissented."
F.G.
Jan., 1857.
Alexander Buchanan belonged to the Brothers-
in-Law Club at Montreal, composed exclu-
sively of lawyers, hence its name. It existed
from about 1827 to 1833, and among its members
were: Samuel Gale, William Walker, William
Badgley, John S. McCord and Henry Griffin.
The Club was essentially a social and convivial
association, each member being obliged to provide
a certain number of bottles of wine. The bets
and fines were also paid in wine. The following
is an extract from a charming article entitled "The
Old Clubs of Montreal," which appeared in
"Harper's Weekly" for the i6th February, 1901,
written by the late Mr. William McLennan, Notary,
of Montreal.
"After the Beavers, the Grey Beards, and the
Bachelors came the Brothers-in-Law, the last of
the old dining clubs. This was the outcome of a
dinner at a tavern at Cote des Neiges on the last
day of February, 1827, when a number of lawyers
proposed and founded the Order, fifteen in number,
to dine together six times during the year. The
members sent their contributions of food and wine
before them, being especially careful as to the
quality. The entrance fee was six bottles.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. IOI
44 In the minutes we find that Mr. Walker, Q.C.,
having lost a wager of a hat or six bottles of wine,
at the option of the winner, the late Judge Gale,
the latter generously presented the result to the
club, whereupon it was resolved that the loser
should be held ' to procure a hat of the shape worn
by Spanish cavaliers, to be worn by the president
of the day during the transaction of public busi-
ness, and to be thereafter considered the property
of the society.
"When the late Judge McCord 'positively
declared his inability to sing he was permitted to
escape on drinking two bumpers.' Henry Griffin,
first Notary of the Bank of Montreal, presented
the Club with a snuff-box on the 2oth June, 1829.
John Molson, Sr., presented the club on the loth
March, 1832, with a leg of mutton raised on Bou-
cherville Islands; 'never was such a leg seen on
this side of the Atlantic in truth 'twas 'Mister
John's Leg.' Before it was half consumed the
Brothers-in-Law were unanimously of opinion that
the man who can raise such mutton is worthy of
a seat at His Majesty's Council for the Province
of Lower Canada.
"Their last meeting was held on the 2oth Feb-
ruary, 1833. Only four members were present,
and the secretary, paraphrasing King Henry,
remarks, 'The fewer men, the greater share of
honor,' and adds, 'The delinquent members were
considered too bad to be fined.' "
102 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
In the month of February, 1828, was founded
the Advocates Library under the patronage of the
Honorable James Reid, Chief Justice of the Dis-
trict of Montreal, on the suggestion of Stephen
Sewell, K.C., who drafted the original prospectus
of the Association which was signed by Chief
Justice Reid and four puisne Judges of the Court
of King's Bench for the District of Montreal. The
Officers of the Association were:
Stephen Sewell, K.C President.
Joseph B6dard, Esq Vice-President.
Charles R. Ogden, Esq., Sol/
General
Alex. Buchanan, Esq
Managing
Committee,
John S. McCord, Esq
Alex. Buchanan, Esq Secretary.
Fred. Griffin, Esq Treasurer.
By the laws of the Government of the Ad-
vocates Library each original member was to pay
towards the purposes of the institution the sum
of ten pounds currency. Each member was ob-
liged "on the last juridical day in October Term
of each year to pay to the Treasurer of the Society
the sum of 2 . 10 . o currency."
On the dissolution in April, 1828, of the Stu-
dents Law Library Association, which had been
established a few years before, the books which
formed their library were presented gratuitously
to the Advocates Library.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. IOJ
Chief Justice Reid, having by letter dated the
1 8th August, 1830, to the Advocates Library, made
certain suggestions as to the qualifications of can-
didates for admission to the Bar, a Committee
composed of Stephen Sewell, K.C., Solicitor-Gen-
eral Ogden, K.C., Hon. Dominique Mondelet and
Alexander Buchanan were appointed in October,
1830, to report on a system of education for the
study of the profession of the Law and Regula-
tions for the admission to the study and practice
of the law. The Report of this Committee was
drafted by Alexander Buchanan and is signed by
the members of the Committee.
The Report is in the following terms:
"The Committee appointed on day of
October instant, having taken into consideration
the suggestions contained in the Honorable the
Chief Justice's letter of the i8th August, 1830,
addressed to S. Sewell, Esq., beg leave to report
their sentiments upon the subjects thus submitted
for their enquiry.
The undersigned conceive that at this period
any formal or express regulation, having for its
object a scrutiny into the qualifications of persons
presenting themselves as students to any of the
members of this Association, would appear in-
vidious in the eyes of the rest of the Bar, and
excite umbrage in our brethren of the profession
who have not chosen to become associates in this
institution. At the same time they feel conscious
that none of the members of this institution would
IO4 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
so far lose sight of their own respectability and be
so regardless of their duty to the profession as to
become instrumental in rearing to the Bar persons
likely to reflect disgrace upon the profession, or
as to withhold any uniform information by which
the unworthiness of a candidate for the study of
the Law might be made known to the gentlemen
at whose hands instruction may be sought by
such individual.
The second matter for enquiry is how far it
may be expedient to draw up a plan or system of
study to be observed by the young gentlemen
studying under the auspices of the members of
this institution, and to take measures for ascer-
taining occasionally the progress made by such
pupils.
That such a regulation is practicable little
doubt can be entertained; yet the undersigned
conceive that it would be more advisable to leave
such advocate to prescribe the course of study to
be followed by his pupils which must in many in-
stances be varied according to the education,
knowledge and capacity of individuals. And they
would add that the main advantages of such a
regulation will naturally flow from the adoption
of modes of instruction of a more public nature
as hereafter recommended.
The Honorable the Chief Justice further sug-
gests that a system should be arranged for the
examination of candidates coming forward to the
profession to be varied according to circumstances.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. IO5
Without the participation of the rest of the
Bar which constitutes a majority of that body,
the undersigned think that the establishment of
any express regulation co -extensive with the sug-
gestion of the Hon. the Chief Justice might excite
in our other brethren of the Bar a feeling of hostility
against our institution, which it should be our
desire to prevent if possible. It cannot, however,
be dissembled that if an understanding could be
produced among the brethren of our institution
by which a more strict examination of candidates
for the Bar shall be had, some benefit to the pro-
fession may result, although the undersigned are
of opinion that the respectability of the profession
and that science among its members would be
more effectually promoted by an examination into
the education and qualifications of an individual
before he becomes a pupil than by canvassing
his proficiency in legal learning when he is on the
eve of being called to the Bar, and they cannot
but regret that the state of the profession, from
the want of that examination which can only be
the offspring of incorporation, precludes the pos-
sibility of subjecting the would-be pupil to this
test.
The last suggestion of the Hon. Chief Justice
consists in recommending the translation into
English of some approved work on the Civil Law,
giving a certain portion of the work to such of the
members as might be willing to undertake it so
that at the appointed meetings it might be ex-
IO6 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
amined and approved; the Chief Justice at the
same time expressing his fear that it might be
impracticable to get up anything in the shape
of lectures.
The Committee cannot but highly appreciate
the motives that prompted the Hon. the Chief
Justice to recommend to the institution the adop-
tion of means for encouraging the study of the Civil
Law which constitutes the basis not only of our
jurisprudence but of the codes of most civilized
nations, without a competent language of which
professional education in this country must be
deemed incomplete. They therefore think that
this institution should pursue measures to pro-
mote the study of that branch of the Law; but
they humbly conceive that the plan proposed by
His Honor the Chief Justice of parcelling out
notes upon the Civil Law for translation would
hardly attain the desired end; nor would the un-
equal and heterogeneous admixture of style in
composition thus written redound much to the
credit of the institution.
With all due deference to the opinion of the
Chief Justice the Committee humbly lay before
this institution their thoughts upon the best
modes of reaching the object brought to its con-
sideration by the letter of the Chief Justice,
which they embody in the following propositions :
i. That the style and name of the institution
be altered by adding to the original name "Ad-
vocates Library" the words "and Law Institute/ 1
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. IO7
2. That the institution under its new name
do by all means in its power promote the science
of the Law by the delivery of prolections or lectures
upon its various departments, the writing of dis-
sertations and of translations, and by offering
honorary distinctions or rewards for contribution
of essays upon subjects to be chosen and given
out at stated periods.
3. That the subjects of the lectures to be
established be as nearly as possible made to fall
within the following classification : i . Natural Law ;
Roman Law; 2. French Customary and Ecclesi-
astical Law; 3. Criminal Law of England and
Constitutional Law; 4. English Law of Real Estate
property, and 5. the Law of Practice and Evidence,
which five departments include every possible topic
of legal discussion.
4. That once in every year a medal or other
mark of distinction be offered for the best essay
upon any given subject relating to jurisprudence,
and that all persons, advocates or students in this
Province be permitted to compete for the same.
5. That the members of the institution, as
soon as circumstances may permit, do cause pro-
lections upon the said several classes to be pro-
nounced by such of the associates as may be willing
to undertake the honorable and useful task, and
that no persons but the members of this institute,
and their pupils shall be admitted on the occasion
of such prolections.
IO8 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
6. That for the purposes of enabling this In-
stitute to effect the said intentions, a fund be
formed to defray its necessary expenses to be
raised by an annual subscription of 15 shillings,
and first payable on the ist January next.
7. That this institute be under the direction
and management of the respective officers govern-
ing the Library for the time being.
All of which is nevertheless submitted."
On the 28th December, 1832, Alexander
Buchanan was installed Worshipful Master of
Saint Paul's Lodge, No. 514, now No. 374 on the
Registry of England, held at Montreal. He had
been Secretary in 1829, Junior Warden in 1830,
Senior Warden in 1831. In 1834 he was one of
the Permanent Committee.
It may be interesting to know that five others
of the family have been members of that Lodge,
viz:
Alexander Carlisle Buchanan (brother-in-law)
in 1833.
Wentworth James Buchanan (son), in 1855.
Alexander Buchanan (grandson), in 1892.
Arthur William Patrick Buchanan (grandson)
in 1894.
Rupert Charles Buchanan (grandson), in 1903.
William Buchanan, the Consul's brother, who
lived in the Parish of St. Michel d'Yamaska,
where he had steam mills, died of cholera at Mont-
real, on the 1 6th August, 1834, aged 44 years.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. ICK}
The following is taken from "A Topographical
Dictionary of the Province of Lower Canada," by
Joseph Bouchette, published in London, in 1832,
in the 3rd volume under the name " YAMASKA."
4 'In front of the seigniory are the isles du
Moine, aux Raisins, &c. In the mouth of the
river is the large island St. Jean, entirely covered
with wood, some of it is of good quality. At the head
of the island are the extensive steam mills of W.
Buchanan, Esq., the power of which is applied
to the manufacture of flour, barley and oatmeal,
and to the sawing of timber. Mr. Buchanan
resides on the island and occupies a neat lodge,
very agreeably situated at the forks formed by the
Yamaska and the branch falling into Bay de la
Valiere." He had married in June, 1814, Anne
Hazlett, daughter of George Hazlett, of London-
derry, Ireland. This George Hazlett was of the
same family as William Hazlett, the author, and
John Hazlett the miniature painter. The name
was originally Haslett, but the Hazletts' father, the
Rev. William Hazlett, seems to have changed the
orthography about 1783. Anne Hazlett died in
Ireland, leaving a daughter Ann, who was born
in 1 8 1 6. Alexander Buchanan, on the death of her
father, was appointed her Tutor upon the advice
of a Family Council held in Montreal, on the igth
August, 1834, composed of Alexander Carlisle
Buchanan, the younger, cousin, Hugh Taylor,
advocate, James Scott, advocate, John Jones Day,
advocate, and Henry A. Stone.
110 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
At this time Ann Buchanan was eighteen years
of age and living temporarily at Alexander Bu-
chanan's. On the 2 2nd of that month she was mar-
ried at Montreal, to Henry McFarlane, of London.
The Register was signed by A. Buchanan, A. C.
Buchanan and Henry A. Stone. By the marriage
articles of Henry McFarlane and Ann Buchanan,
her uncles John Buchanan and George Buchanan,
of Omagh, were appointed her Trustees, and
the articles are signed by Henry McFarlane and
Anne Buchanan, her uncle A. C. Buchanan, her
cousin A. C. Buchanan, Henry A. Stone and Alex-
ander Buchanan. There is attached a letter of
attorney from Asaph Stone, of New York. After
the marriage Mr. and Mrs. McFarlane left for Eng-
land, intending to live in London. They after-
wards settled at Rocky Hill, New Jersey, and left
issue John Buchanan McFarlane and others, of
Rocky Hill, New Jersey.
Alexander Buchanan was at one time an officer
of the original St. Patrick's Society of Montreal.
Mr. D. R. McCord writing in the "Old and New,"
said :
"The St. Patrick's Society was founded on the feast
of its patron Saint in the year 1834. It was then undenomi-
national. Its objects were stated to be the advancement and
welfare of Irishmen, assisting their immigration to and
promoting their settlement in this province. The by-laws
are thirty-four in number, and contain no allusion to stated
religious services.
The first office bearers were as follows :
John Donellan and A. Buchanan, respectively president
and vice-president; T. A. Begley and C. Sweeney, the re-
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. Ill
cording and corresponding secretaries. I know nothing of
the first named gentleman. In 1819, there was a gardener
of the name located in Sanguinet street. The president
might have been his son, and in a superior social position
in the succeeding generation, if we may judge by his
associated office bearers. A. Buchanan was subsequently
a leader at the Bar and a man of cultivation. His father
was a surgeon in the army, and his sons are with us in the
persons of Wentworth, a retired general manager of the
Bank of Montreal, Mr. Justice Buchanan, late of the Super-
perior Court, Brock Buchanan, also of the same monetary
institution as the first named. He derives his patronymic
from the hero and victim of Queenstown Heights, to whose
regiment his grandfather was at one time attached, and
the saint the object of our present enquiries who terminated
the serpent worship let us say is not forgotten in the
name of our confrere of the present generation. Mr. Beg-
ley was of the Department of Public Works, unless my
memory play me false. Campbell Sweeney was a north of
Ireland man as was also the president. He was the brother
of Robert who was out in the well-known rencontre of
honor with Major Ward of the Royals. A son of the corres-
ponding secretary when last I saw him was in the service
of the said Corinthian pedimented treasury on the Pacific
slope. Three, at least, of the officers were thus Pro-
testants."
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 113
CHAPTER XI.
1835-1840.
HE IS APPOINTED A K.C. PRESIDENT OF ADVOCATES
LIBRARY CHAIRMAN OF COMMISSION TO ENQUIRE
INTO CASES OF PERSONS IN CUSTODY APPOINTED
JUDGE OF COURT OF REQUESTS THEIR JURIS-
DICTIONON CIRCUIT HIS WIT RELATIONS
WITH GOVERNORS-GENERAL HON. CHARLES BUL-
LER EDWARD GIBBON WAKEFIELD.
On the igth June, 1835, ^ e was appointed
King's Counsel for the Province of Lower Canada.
Up to this time King's Counsel had been appointed
only to act in the Districts in which they practised.
He and James Charles Grant, who was appointed
the same day as he was, were the first two to re-
ceive this appointment.
James Charles Grant, K.C., was the son of
John Grant, of Lachine, an agent of the North-
West Company. He was admitted to the Bar on
the i4th January, 1814, and in 1820, formed a
partnership with Michael O'Sullivan, the firm
being known as O'Sullivan & Grant. He was ap-
pointed a King's Counsel on the igth June, 1835,
and died on the 25th November, 1836. On his
death the following appeared in the Montreal
Transcript. :
" We scorn to flatter the living, although, if we
find on public grounds reasons for approbation,
8
114 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
we express it ; not to do so would be pusillanimous,
it would be to fear the envious more than we
respect the good. With Mr. Grant's political
opinions we have nothing to do. He had the
distinction of the silk gown, as King's Counsel,
and in his general practice as an Advocate he was
zealous and sagacious. In his private relations
he was, as regarded his own family, a kind and
affectionate relative as regarded the man he
considered his friend, he was social, hospitable,
sincere as regarded the generality of mankind
he was kind-hearted, liberal, nay generous almost
to a fault yet, much as we know of his spon-
taneous generosity, no one ever heard him sully a
noble act by the slightest allusion to it. That
glow of charity which alike warms the heart of
him that gives, and of him that receives, burned
indeed within his own bosom, but was one of those
beauteous flowers "born to blush unseen." Few
men have been more deeply regretted, for few
have been so highly respected."
In England, the appointment of counsel for
the Crown has always been a matter of preroga-
tive in this sense, that it has been personally
exercised by the Sovereign, with the advice of the
Lord Chancellor, the appointment being made by
letters-patent under the sign manual. In early
times the appointment was accompanied by a fee
or retainer of moderate amount, but that formality
has long since fallen into abeyance.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 115
In consequence of the death of King William
IV., the commissions of King's Counsel were
vacated at the expiration of eighteen months
after his death, and on the 2oth September, 1838,
a new patent appointing him one of Her Majesty's
learned in the Law was issued, and on the 4th
January, 1839, he took the oath of office as such.
In 1837, the Hon. Michael O'Sullivan, 1 then
Solicitor General, F. A. Quesnel, Dominique Mon-
delet and Buchanan were the King's Counsel at
Montreal.
In 1836, he was elected President of the Ad-
vocates Library. He held this office five times,
that year and in 1838, 1841, 1842 and 1843.
On the i yth July, 1835, he was appointed with
Tancred Bouthillier, of Montreal, and John Simp-
son, of Coteau du Lac, Commissioners to fix the
line between the Provinces of Upper and Lower
Canada.
His brother, John Buchanan, died at Niagara
in the month of December, 1837, at the early age
of thirty-seven years, leaving a widow and two
(i) Michael O'Sullivan was born in 1786, and was admitted to
the Bar of Lower Canada on the 6th April, 181 1. He was appointed
K.C. in 1831, and Solicitor General in 1833. He practised at
Montreal until the 2$th October, 1838, when he was appointed Chief
Justice for the District of Montreal. He died on the yth March,
1839, at Montreal, and was buried in Notre Dame Church. He
was Lieutenant and Adjutant in the militia for the District of Beau-
harnois, and was present at the Battle of Chateauguay in 1813, of
which he wrote an account signed "Un Temoin Oculaire." In
1819 he fought a duel with Dr. Wm. Caldwell, "at six o'clock Satur-
day morning the parties, with the seconds, having met near the
Windmills, nve shots were fired by each gentleman; two of them
dangerously wounded Mr. O'Sullivan, Dr. Caldwell receiving a shot
in the arm which is much shattered."
Il6 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
children a son, Alexander Grant, and a daughter,
Jane Louise.
On the 3oth November, 1838, he was appointed
with George Weekes, John Bleakley and Duncan
Fisher, Commissioners to enquire into the cases
of the State Prisoners confined in the Montreal
Gaol. He was the Chairman of the Commission
for which he received 315 sterling.
On 1 2th April, 1839, he was appointed Com-
missioner or Judge of the Circuit Court of Requests
for the District of Montreal, and on the igth of
that month, took the following Oath of Office
before Monk & Morrogh, Prothonotaries of the
Court of King's Bench for the District of Montreal,
and Commissioners Per Dedimus Potestatem:
I, Alexander Buchanan, do swear that I will truly and
faithfully and according to the best of my knowledge and
ability perform the duties of the office of Commissioner of
the Court of Requests in and for the District of Montreal.
Dated at Montreal, this nineteenth day of April, one
thousand, eight hundred and thirty-nine.
A. BUCHANAN.
His salary as Commissioner was 600 sterling
per annum. He probably sat for the first time
at Vaudreuil, on the 2nd September, 1839. These
Circuit Courts of Requests for the Districts of Que-
bec, Montreal and Three Rivers were established
by an Ordinance enacted on the nth April, 1839.
The Commissioners for Quebec and Three Rivers
were A. R. Hamel and P. B. Dumoulin, respec-
tively. The Commissioners had jurisdiction to
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
hear, try and determine, in a summary way, all
civil suits or actions purely personal wherein the
amount claimed, or the thing in dispute did not
exceed the sum or value of 10 sterling. Only
barristers of ten years standing at least could be
Commissioners of these Courts, and such Com-
missioner being appointed a Justice of the Peace,
was the Chairman of the Quarter Sessions in the
District in which he was Commissioner of the Court
of Requests. In certain matters the Commis-
sioners had the same power as a Judge of the
Court of King's Bench. The sittings of the Court
of Requests, for the District of Montreal, were
held at Vaudreuil, Terrebonne, L'Assomption,
Berthier, Vercheres, St. Denis, West Church, in
the Township of Shefford, Chambly, Dorchester,
commonly called St. Johns, and at Chateauguay.
These Courts were abolished on the ist January,
1842, by an Act passed on the i8th September,
1841, and were replaced by District Courts.
By the acceptance of this office, he could only
act for the Crown, but that this was very remuner-
ative may be seen on referring to the returns of
money warrants from which it would appear that
between 1838 and 1846, he was on different com-
missions as well as acted for the Crown in criminal
prosecutions and customs cases. His account for
services as Queen's Counsel in 1840 was ;i8o.o.o
and his account for legal services for criminal pro-
secutions performed for Government from October,
1840, to April, 1841, was 140. 19.4.
Il8 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
In April, 1841, he resigned as Commissioner
of the Court of Requests and Chairman of the
Quarter Sessions of Montreal.
He was very witty. His was a dry and sar-
castic but still kindly wit. Many anecdotes are
told of him. Travelling on the steamboat from
Montreal to Quebec to attend the Court of Appeals,
which in those days always sat at Quebec, a num-
ber of judges and lawyers were on board, on their
way there for the same purpose, when one of the
party with Buchanan pointed out Judge Day
sitting apart as was his habit, and remarked that
the Judge appeared to be thinking of some case,
when Buchanan exclaimed, " D . . n it ! He thinks
he is thinking. ' ' Another, the Gugys were noted
for their wickedness and Buchanan in the course of
a speech which he was delivering, summed up their
quality and quantity in the following terms:
"When," said he, "the Gugys are in hell, then
will the reign of Satan be overthrown."
On another occasion, when holding Court in
the Townships, he was sitting in a case in which
the defendant, who was a retired colonel as well
as a local magistrate, was sitting on the bench
with him. Judge Buchanan asked him whether
he owed the debt and received an indignant denial,
"Go into the box," said the Judge, "and be
sworn. ' ' But this the colonel declining to do, judg-
ment was entered against him.
It is said that he once saved a confrere from
conviction. He secured a verdict of acquittal and
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. IIQ
wrote on the indictment, "Legally acquitted,
morally guilty."
With the different Governors -General, Lord
Durham, Lord Sydenham, Sir Charles Bagot, and
Sir Charles Metcalfe, he was on terms of friendship.
He knew intimately the brilliant Charles Buller
and Edward Gibbon Wakefield, who had come to
Canada as Secretaries to Lord Durham. Buller
was a friend of Carlyle, who wrote an Essay on his
death, which took place in his forty-second year,
in 1848.
Of him Carlyle writes: "A very beautiful soul
has suddenly been summoned from among us ; one
of the clearest intellects and most aerial activities
in England has unexpectedly been called away.
Charles Buller died on Wednesday morning last,
without previous sickness, reckoned of importance,
till a day or two before . . . To a singular extent
it can be said of him that he was a spontaneous
clear man. Very gentle, too, though full of fire,
simple, brave, graceful. What he did and what
he said came from him as light from a luminous
body, and had thus always in it a high and rare
merit, which any of the more discerning could
appreciate fully To many, for a long
time, Mr. Buller merely passed for a man of wit,
and certainly his beautiful natural gaiety of
character, which by no means meant levity, was
commonly thought to mean it and did for many
years hinder the recognition of his intrinsic higher
qualities. Slowly it began to be discovered that
120 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
under all this many-colored radiancy and con-
versation there burnt a most steady light ; a sound,
penetrating intellect, full of adroit resources and
loyal by nature itself to all that was methodic,
manly, true, in brief a mildly resolute, chival-
rous and gallant character capable of doing much
serious service."
Wakefield, who had an extraordinary career,
was born in 1796, and educated at Westminster
School and the Edinburgh High School. "He
followed the tradition of his family in making a
youthful and surreptitious marriage. His father
was first married at seventeen and afterwards con-
tracted a secret alliance in Paris. One of his
brothers ran off with an Indian princess. But of
all the Wakefields it was Edward Gibbon who
most notoriously distinguished himself in the field
of matrimony. He eloped with Eliza Susan Pattle,
a wealthy ward of Chancery, before he was of full
age, and he carried through the enterprise with
considerable dash and ingenuity." Being left a
widower, he abducted, in 1826, Miss Turner, an
heiress, and his trial took place at the Lancaster
Assizes, in 1827. Sergeant Cross and Brougham
were Counsel for the prosecution, the conduct of
the case chiefly falling upon the latter. The Wake-
fields secured Scarlett, the ablest advocate of the
day. Wakefield was found guilty and sentenced
to three years imprisonment in Newgate. The
effects of his incarceration in Newgate were
"Punishment by Death in the Metropolis," which
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 121
resulted in the reformation of the criminal law of
England, and in this way "a term of imprison-
ment suffered by a man of genius availed to reshape
the code of England. " His ' ' Letter from Sydney ' '
is also due to his imprisonment.
He was released from Newgate in the month
of May, 1830, and eight years later came to Canada
with Lord Durham. He is generally supposed to
have had some hand in Lord Durham's celebrated
Report.
In 1842, he was elected a member in the As-
sembly of Lower Canada for Beauharnois, but left
Canada, never to return, early in 1844. He wrote
4 ' England and America, ' ' and * ' The Art of Coloniza-
tion, ' ' and has been called ' * A Maker of Colonies. ' '
He died in England in 1862. He was a powerful
magnetizer and was very fond of using his power
of magnetism on all occasions.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 12}
CHAPTER XII.
1840-1845.
HIS PARTNERSHIP WITH F. G. JOHNSON, AFTERWARDS
SIR FRANCIS JOHNSON, CHIEF JUSTICE OF THE SU-
PERIOR COURT PRESIDENT OF SEIGNIORIAL TEN-
URE COMMISSION PRESIDENT OF COMMISSION TO
REVISE ACTS AND ORDINANCES OF LOWER CANADA
REPORTS OF THE COMMISSION.
In the year 1841 he formed a partnership with
Francis Godschall Johnson, who in later years was
to become Chief Justice of the Superior Court for
the Province of Quebec, and attain the honor of
knighthood. Johnson, who was then only twenty-
four years old, had been admitted to the Bar in
I839. 1 The firm of Buchanan & Johnson lasted
until the 2yth December, 1845, when it was dis-
solved by mutual consent. A year or so later Mr.
Buchanan associated John Bleakley and Henry
Ogden Andrews with him, the firm being Bu-
chanan, Bleakley & Andrews.
In the Canada Gazette appeared the following,
dated at Quebec the 3oth June, 1842:
" His Excellency the Governor -General has been pleased
by an instrument bearing date the thirtieth day of June,
to Revoke the Commission issued on the twenty-ninth day
of March, appointing George Van Felson, Esquire, Chief
(i) For an account of his life see the Appendix.
124 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Commissioner, and John Samuel McCord, and Nicholas
Benjamin Doucet, Esquires, Joint Commissioners to enquire
into the State of the Feudal Tenure in that part of the
Province heretofore Lower Canada, and to appoint Alex-
ander Buchanan, Esquire, Queen's Counsel, Joseph Andre"
Taschereau, 1 Esquire, advocate, and James Smith, 2 Esquire,
advocate, to be Joint Commissioners to enquire into the
Law and other circumstances connected with Seigniorial
Tenure as it obtains in that part of the Province heretofore
Lower Canada."
Alexander Buchanan was the President of this
Commission. Their report dated the 2gth March,
1843, is entitled,
"Report of the Commissioners appointed in pur-
suance of an address of the Honorable the House
of Commons of iyth Sept., 1841, to enquire into
the state of the Laws and other circumstances in
connection with the Seigniorial Tenure and its
obtaining in that part of the Province of Canada
heretofore Lower Canada, laid before the Legisla-
tive Assembly by Message from His Excellency
the Governor-General on the 4th October, 1843."
His remuneration for this Commission was^oo.
On the i6th March, 1842, Sir Charles Bagot,
then Governor-General, appointed a Commission
to revise the Acts and Ordinances of Lower Canada
and to consolidate such of them as related to the
same subject and which could be advantageously
(1) Joseph Andre" Taschereau was admitted to the Bar in 1828,
and became Police Magistrate of Quebec. In 1845 he was appointed
Solicitor-General and in 1847 Circuit Judge at Quebec.
(2) James Smith was admitted to the Bar in 1828; appointed
Attorney-General in 1844, and Judge of the Court of Queen's Bench
at Montreal (now the Superior Court) in 1847.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 125
consolidated. This Commission was composed of
the Hon. Charles Richard Ogden, then Her Ma-
jesty's Attorney-General for Lower Canada; the
Hon. Charles Dewey Day, then Her Majesty's
Solicitor-General for the same; Alexander Bu-
chanan, Q.C., the Hon. Hughes Heney, Advocate,
and G. W. Wicksteed, Advocate, their appoint-
ment being consequent upon an address of the
Legislative Assembly, dated the 28th August, 1841.
The subsequent elevation of Mr. Day to the bench,
and Mr. Ogden's absence in England prevented
their taking part in the execution of the work,
which, however, was completed by Mr. Buchanan
and Mr. Wicksteed, on account of the death of Mr.
Heney, which took place at Three Rivers on the
1 3th January, 1844, and the public statute law
then in force, which had been scattered over a
great number of volumes, from the time of the
Conquest up to 1841, was ascertained and col-
lected into one volume, entitled, "The Revised
Acts and Ordinances of Lower Canada." The
reports of the Commissioners, three in number and
dated respectively the 2ist March and the 24th
November, 1843, an d the ist July, 1845, are we ^
worthy of perusal, and it may here be remarked
that in their report of the latter date they advocat-
ed the codification of the laws twenty years before
they were actually codified.
Mr. Wicksteed, who was a nephew of Judge
John Fletcher, was born in 1799. He came to
Canada in 1821, was admitted to the Quebec Bar
126 ALEXANDER,, BUCHANAN, Q.C.
in 1831, and became a Q.C. in 1854. He was sub-
sequently appointed Law Clerk of the Senate and
died in Ottawa in 1895.
Alexander Buchanan was appointed on the
7th June, 1842, Justice of the Peace for the Dis-
tricts of Montreal, St. Francis, Three Rivers and
Quebec.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. I VJ
CHAPTER XIII.
1845-1851.
HE IS SENIOR Q.C. REFUSES CHIEF JUSTICESHIP
COURT HOUSE DESTROYED BY FIRE CROWN PRO-
SECUTOR FOR MONTREAL HIS FEES AS SUCH HE
TAKES PROMINENT PART AT MEETINGS OF THE BAR
-LECTURES ON WILLS ELECTED A MEMBER OF
THE COUNCIL FOR MONTREAL SECTION OF THE IN-
CORPORATED BAR OF LOWER CANADA HIS DAUGH-
TER ELIZABETH'S MARRIAGE HIS DEATH HIS
LEGAL ADVICE EAGERLY SOUGHT AFTER ADMIR-
ATION OF STUART, FLETCHER AND BLACK, Q.C. FOR
HIM MEREDITH Q.C.'s TRIBUTE HIS WRITTEN
LEGAL OPINIONS HIS VALUABLE LIBRARY HIS
CHARACTER AND PERSONAL APPEARANCE STU-
DENTS IN HIS OFFICE HIS WILL HOUSES OC-
CUPIED BY HIM MRS. BUCHANAN'S DEATH THEIR
FAMILY.
From the year 1840, Mr. Buchanan was the
senior Queen's Counsel at Montreal. A writer
in the "Old and New" columns of the Montreal
Gazette, of the gth June, 1894, says:
"Silk gowns were rarer in those days than at present.
In 1843, according to a published authority, there were
only four Q.C.'s of whom Mr. Buchanan was senior; the
others were Henry Driscoll, Come S. Cherrier, and Duncan
Fisher; about a year later appears the name of William
Collis Meredith. The first four have long since passed away.
Last year public and private regrets were recorded when the
pale reaper claimed as his own the Chief Justice, the fifth
on the above list."
128 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
There is good authority for the statement that
Mr. Buchanan was twice offered and declined the
Chief Justiceship.
On the 1 8th July, 1844, the old Court House
at Montreal which had been built in 1800 was
destroyed by fire, the Advocates Library sustain-
ing some damage, but the Court records were all
saved. After the destruction of the Court House,
the old gaol then occupied as barracks by the
militia was vacated by them and fitted up. A
Montreal paper of that year says:
4 'The Court of Queen's Bench opened this morn-
ing (i6th September) in one of the rooms in the
upper storey of the old gaol. The Court was pre-
sided by Mr. Justice Holland assisted by Mr.
Justices Gale and Day. The new Attorney-
General, Mr. Smith, robed in his silk gown (i), was
at the Clerk's table, as well as Messrs. Buchanan,
Driscoll, Cherrier and Meredith, the Queen's
Counsel; the Sheriffs, Clerks and other Officers of
Justice all being at their posts. The repairs made
to the room were only finished on Saturday night
and several things yet remain to be done, such as
seats for the Jury and for the public. But the
space is so limited that it is difficult to imagine
where they will be placed, for there is no more
room for the pleaders and the public, the room
being already completely occupied by the seats
for the Judges and the Advocates."
(i) This was a hit at Mr. James Smith, who had just been, appoint-
ed Attorney-General, and as such had been made a Queen's Counsel.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. .
The old Government House, now the Chateau
de Ramezay,was used as a Court House until 1856,
when the present Court House was completed.
During the years 1840, 1841, 1842, 1843, X 844,
1845 an d 1848 he was Counsel for the Crown in
Criminal cases, or as it is now called Crown Pro-
secutor, at Montreal. In a Return of the names of
Gentlemen, who have been employed as Queen's
Counsel or Counsel for the Crown in the Province
of Canada, since the Union, his name appears for
Canada East, with the amount of his Fees, as
follows :
Alexander Buchanan, Queen's Counsel,
T&/I <-> -
*7 f\ ^7 T R
\j
4
ii
T%A 1
797 I5
IO 43
T Q/i 1 .
572 .2.
1044
T 9. A r
479 IO -
Q n Q T
l8/l6 -
090. 13 .
l8A7 - - -
104 /
T Q .Q
o
AO 4y
Total 3,327.16. 7
In 1846, his account for costs in suits for Cus-
toms duties at the instance of the Collector at
Montreal, amounted to 195 .18.6.
On Saturday, the loth April, 1847, tne Court
of Queen's Bench at Montreal was closed on ac-
count of the sudden indisposition of Judge Day.
For some time Judge Gale had been unable, through
9
I3O ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
illness, to sit. This left only Judge Rolland but
as the law required that two judges should always
be on the Bench during the Superior Term, the
Court was forced to adjourn.
The Bar was very indignant at seeing the Bench
deserted and in the afternoon a meeting was held
in the Advocates Room in order to make a protest
to the Executive.
The following members were present: La
Fontaine, Cherrier, A. Ouimet, F. Pelletier, Cartier,
Robertson, Bethune, Fleet, Godard, Letourneux,
Buchanan, MacDonell, Loranger, Ibbotson, Beau-
dry, Taylor, Buchanan (G. C. V.), Hubert, Moreau,
Ross, LeBlanc, Audy, Day, Easton, Rpssiter, G.
Ouimet, Scott, Tailhades, Coursolles, Bouchette,
Hart, Salmon, Conoll, Roy, Armstrong, Lafrenaye,
Maclver, Poitras, LeBlanc, Burroughs, Johnson, A.
R. Cherrier, Belinge, Rochon, Papin, Fenwick,
Berthelot, J. A. Morin, Radiger and MacKay.
Toussaint Peltier was in the Chair, and R. MacKay,
acted as Secretary.
Moved by Mr. Buchanan, seconded by Mr.
Johnson, and Resolved: That the Bar of Mont-
real believes it to be its duty to express the regret
which it feels at seeing that since the death of the
Hon. Chief Justice Vallieres de St. Real, the num-
ber of the Judges of the Court of Queen's Bench
for this District has remained incomplete, and
that the Bench is composed in such a way that
there has been no quorum for the administration
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 13 f
of justice on account of the accidental illness of
one Judge as happened this morning."
In the case of the Queen against James Carroll,
who was tried fqr murder, at Montreal, on the 8th
February, 1848, before Judges Rolland and Day,
the Attorney General Badgley and Mr. Buchanan,
Q.C., prosecuted for the Crown, and B. Devlin
defended the prisoner, who was convicted on the
loth February. In a report of this case it is said,
"Mr. Buchanan, Q.C., then prayed for judgment,
upon which the prisoner was sentenced to death/'
This sentence was subsequently commuted to im-
prisonment for life in the penitentiary.
At a meeting of the Bar in Montreal, held on
the 5th May, 1848, a committee composed of
Toussaint Peltier, Alexander Buchanan, Q.C.,
William C. Meredith, Q.C., A. Aim Dorion,
Christopher Dunkin and Romuald Cherrier, were
appointed to communicate with the Bars of the
different districts for the purpose of ascertaining
their views as to taking steps to incorporate the
Bar of Lower Canada and with the committees to
be appointed by the different districts, to prepare
a draft of an Act of Incorporation to be submitted
to the legislature.
At a meeting of the Bar of Montreal, held on
the 3oth December, 1850, A. Buchanan, Q.C., C.
S. Cherrier, Q.C., and G. E. Cartier,were appointed
a Committee to report on the legality or illegality
of the Advocates Tariff recently promulgated by
the Judges of the Superior Court for the Province
132 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
of Quebec. At a subsequent meeting Henry,
Stuart, S. C. Monk, Robert MacKay and T. J. J.
Loranger were added to the Committee, who made
the following Report.
"The undersigned forming the majority of the Com-
mittee charged to decide on the legality of the tariff pro-
mulgated by the Judges on the lyth December, 1850, are
of opinion:
That the tariff of fees for the Superior Court of Lower
Canada is incomplete and illegal.
That the former tariff for the Superior Court is not re-
pealed and still remains in force in virtue of 12 Victoria,
ch. 38, sec. 100.
That the new tariff promulgated for the Circuit Court is
valid and repeals all other tariffs formerly in force for the
said Circuit Court."
A. Buchanan.
S. C. Monk.
Henry Stuart.
R. MacKay.
T. J. J. Loranger.
Early in February, 1851, it is announced that
on Monday the i;th of February, Alex. Buchanan,
Esq., Q.C., will lecture on Wills and Successions
before the members of the Law Students Society.
At the annual meeting of the Bar of Montreal
held in May, 1851, the following were elected
officers of the Bar: Toussaint Peltier, Batonnier;
F. Griffin, Syndic; J. 4. Berthelot, Treasurer; P.
A. Lafrenaye, Secretary; and A. Buchanan, C. S.
Cherrier, J. J. Day, G. E. Cartier, S. C. Monk,
Henry Stuart, T. J. J. Loranger and A. A. Dorion,
Council of the Bar.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 133
At a meeting of the Corporation of the Montreal
English Hospital in May, 1851, he was elected one
of the Governors of that institution for the ensuing
year.
On the nth June, 1851, his eldest daughter,
Elizabeth Jane, was married in Christ Church at
Montreal, by the Revd. D. Robertson, Chaplain to
the Garrison, to George Blicke Champion Cres-
pigny, Captain in the XXth Regiment of Foot,
then stationed at Montreal. Frederick Horn,
Colonel, and William P. Radcliffe, Lieutenant of
the XXth Regiment, and Alexander Buchanan
signed the Register.
He died at his house No. 7 Cornwall Terrace,
St. Denis St., Montreal, on the 5th November,
1851, at the early age of fifty -three years. His
funeral which took place on Saturday afternoon
the 8th November, was largely attended by the
Bench and Bar as well as by the public. Judge
Rolland, Judge Aylwin, and Judge J. S. McCord,
the Hon. Peter McGill, the Hon. John Molson and
Sheriff John Boston, Q.C., were the pall bearers.
The Montreal Transcript of the 8th November,
1851, said:
"It is with sincere regret that we have to record the
"death of Mr. Alexander Buchanan, Q.C. The deceased
"gentleman was one confessedly at the head of the pro-
fession which he adorned, in learning and in intelligence.
" As a feudist and a publicist, he has left no equal. His was
"a finely cultivated and nobly informed mind. Without
"much fluency of speech, he was earnest and logical; and,
''perhaps, if he spoke less, it was because he reflected more.
134 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
"Mr. Buchanan was a man who would have adorned any
'* society whatever. Learned, thoughtful, and unpresuming ;
"to ask his opinion was as nearly as possible to get at the
"truth. It is to be regretted that beyond a few detailed
"consultations, he has left so little memorials of his great
"powers."
The Montreal Gazette of the same date said:
" THE LATE A. BUCHANAN, Q.C. The funeral of this
"much lamented gentleman took place on Saturday after-
"noon. The Hon. Messrs. Justices Holland, Aylwin and
1 'McCord.the Hon.Messrs. McGill and Molson,and Mr.Sheriff
"Boston bore the pall, and several of the Judges and a
"large number of the Bar followed his remains to their
"last resting place. The profession which he so much
"adorned in his lifetime, could not but have felt that they
"were honoring themselves in paying this slight tribute of
"respect to his memory. He will still live in the remem-
"brance of those who had the good fortune to know him.
"We all feel that a master spirit has gone from among us,
"and may scarcely hope to possess so ripe a scholar or
"jurist again for long years to come."
Even a paper so inimical to his nationality
and to his party as "La Minerve" is obliged to
acknowledge that "conscientious studies, an un-
erring judgment and great assiduity for work had
raised Mr. Buchanan to the first rank of jurists of
the Canadian Bar. Few men have been so much
esteemed as Advocates, and few men have had,
in private life, so many friends."
He was great as a consulting Counsel, and his
advice was eagerly sought after, few cases going
to Appeal without his opinion having been ob-
tained on one side or the other. The distin-
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 135
guished Andrew Stuart, under whom he had
studied, and John Fletcher and Henry Black, Q.C.,
both of whom became judges, were his intimate
friends and had the greatest reverence for his
opinions and the deepest admiration for him,
whom they held to be the most thorough Roman
lawyer at the Bar.
In 1844, Mr. Meredith, Q.C., afterwards Chief
Justice Sir William C. Meredith, in the course of
an opinion expresses the high esteem in which
Alexander Buchanan was universally held, when
he says,
"It is not without some diffidence that we express our
"opinion, on the foregoing case, which has been submitted
"for our consideration; that opinion being at variance with
" a judgment which has been pronounced by Mr. Buchanan.
"But notwithstanding the sincere regard which we enter-
"tain for the views of that justly eminent lawyer, yet we
"must say, that we are unable to discern any reason
"sufficient to reconcile our minds to the judgment to which
"we have already made allusion.
And Mr. Meredith concludes,
"Such is our view of the matter, but even taking it for
"granted that it is well founded, we apprehend that there
"would be some difficulty in inducing the magistrates to
"adopt it, opposed as it is to the opinion of Mr. Buchanan."
He exemplified in his person the truth of that
well-known remark made by a celebrated man
that "there seldom yet has been an able and
"determined man who did justice to the law, to
"whom it, did not, in turn, at one time or another,
"amply do justice. "
136 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
It may not be inappropriate to give an
extract from an address delivered by the
Honorable Francis G. Johnson, on the occasion
of his installation to the Chief Justiceship of the
Superior Court for Lower Canada, on Saturday
the 25th January, 1890, in the Court House at
Montreal :
"With more than the number of years commonly
"allotted to man stretching behind me, of which time half
"a century has been passed in the profession of the law,
"and half of that again on the Bench, I have something to
"remember, though it may not be so easy to tell it as it
"impresses me: for if not within these very walls yet within
"those of the old Court House which they have replaced,
"and on this very spot, or very near to it, indeed, I have
"seen Chief Justices Reid, O'Sullivan, Vallieres and Rol-
"land on the Bench men whose names will surely live in
"the annals of our profession; and at the Bar I have heard
"Buchanan and Walker, and Driscoll, and Meredith, and
"Drummond, and Lafontaine, and Dorion, and Loranger,
" and Papin, and many others, some passed into the shadow-
"land, and one or two still with us, like our venerable
"friend, who has so kindly joined in the chorus of your
"good wishes for me to-day."
It is greatly to be regretted that he did not
accept the office of Chief Justice, for he would
have adorned it, and he would have been enabled
to show his powers to the full, thus perpetuating
his great knowledge of the law in his judgments,
which would have then been placed on record.
As it is, without these, his name is yet remem-
bered at the Bar, and his reputation as a great
lawyer still stands and will go down to future
generations of lawyers.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 137
His written opinions alone would entitle him
to rank as a jurist, and stand foremost in the annals
of the Bar of Lower Canada.
He left but two manuscript volumes of the
many Opinions given by him. These Opinions,
written in a chaste literary style, are examples
of his great erudition and of his happy command
of language.
The following selections are taken from these
Opinions.
Thus, on the question whether the public could
legally claim any right in or upon certain property
bounded in front by the River St. Lawrence, he
says :
"For a long period of time the question re-
specting the property of the banks and shores
of navigable rivers was one much cultivated and
involved in doubt.
It seems, however, to have been at last the
settled opinion of modern and more enlightened
Jurists in France, that the property of the banks
and shores of navigable rivers resides in the pro-
prietors of the adjoining lands, subject to the
exercise by the public of the servitude of use for
the purposes of navigation and intercourse.
The jurisprudence, in truth, merely revived in
France the principles of the Roman Law on the
same subject which were in vigor in that country,
at an early day before the servile favorers of the
Royal Domain had endeavored to introduce a
contrary rule.
138 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
The language used by the Sovereigns of France
in their Ordinances on this subject implies a re-
cognition of the titles individual to this species of
property, while the main object of these enact-
ments was to limit that property and to define
the rights of the public upon it, &c."
He concludes another opinion with this sen-
tence :
"In considering the above questions we have
had cause to lament the poverty of our jurispru-
dence on the subject of fire insurance. No causes
similar to that under consideration as to the con-
struction of these policies and of their conditions
seem to have as yet occurred as subjects of judicial
decision and coming at our conclusions we have
been constrained to advert to general principles
of law and to analogy."
He was a man of the highest and purest in-
tegrity. His manners were graceful, engaging and
courteous, and he had a kind disposition. In
appearance, he was tall, of an erect and dignified
carriage and fine presence. His face was interest-
ing and attractive. His forehead broad and well
developed, and his complexion fair, his hair brown
and thick. He was extremely particular about
his dress. For some years previous to his death
he walked stiffly from the effects of a fractured
ankle.
In his political opinions, he was a Tory of the
home school but seems to have steadfastly kept
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 139
aloof from the violent and discordant political
discussions of those days.
In conclusion, it is not going too far to apply
to him the delightful language of Brougham writ-
ing of a great jurist: "There has seldom," he
writes, "if ever, appeared in the profession of the
law any one so peculiarly endowed with all the
learning and capacity which can accomplish, as
well as all the graces which can embellish, the ju-
dicial character, as this eminent person ....
His judgment was of the highest caste ; calm, firm,
enlarged, penetrating, profound . . . His vast
superiority was apparent when, as from an emi-
nence, he was called to survey the whole field of
dispute, and to marshal the variegated facts, dis-
entangle the intricate mazes, and array the con-
flicting reasons which were calculated to distract
or suspend men's judgment. If ever the praise of
being luminous could be justly bestowed upon
human compositions, it was upon his judgments,
and it was the approbation constantly, as it were
peculiarly, appropriated to these wonderful ex-
hibitions of judicial capacity." . . .
"His learning, extensive and profound in all
professional matters, was by no means confined
within that range. He was amply and accurately
endowed with a knowledge of all history of all
times ; richly provided with* the literary and the
personal portion of historical lore; largely fur-
nished with stores of the more curious and recondite
knowledge which judicious students of antiquity
140 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
and judicious students only, are found to amass ;
and he possessed a rare facility of introducing such
matters felicitously for the illustration of an ar-
gument or a topic, whether in debate or in more
familiar conversation. But he was above the
pedantry which disdains the gratifications of a
more ordinary and every day curiosity
Above all, he was a person of great classical attain-
ments, which he had pursued and, indeed, im-
proved from the earlier years of his life . . . and
hence, as well as from the natural refinement and
fastidiousness of his mind, he derived the pure
taste which presided over all his efforts, chasten-
ing his judicial composition and adorning his ex-
quisite conversation. Of diction, indeed, he was
among the greatest masters."
Among those who studied in his office were
William Foster Coffin, author of "1812," and at
one time Joint Sheriff of Montreal; Samuel Corn-
wallis Monk, afterwards a Judge of the Court of
Queen's Bench; Christopher Dunkin, afterwards a
Judge of the Superior Court; Sydney R. Belling-
ham, who died in Ireland in 1900, aged 92 years,
and the late John Monk, advocate.
In his Will, made at Montreal, on the i6th
October, 1851, in the presence of Henry Ogden
Andrews, advocate, John Monk, advocate, and
Hanbury L. MacDougall, he gave directions that
his estate should be sold and the proceeds invested
in good and sufficient securities. He left to his
wife the use of the interest of the proceeds during
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 14!
her lifetime, and after her death, he gave to his
youngest child Mary, the sum of Two thousand
pounds, and as to' the rest of his estates he left
them in equal shares between all his children. He
appointed his "said wife and son George Charles
Vidua, and my friend Hugh Taylor, of Montreal,
Esquire, Advocate, Trustees for the purposes afore-
said, and also Executrix and Executors of this
my last will and testament."
His Will was probated on the i3th December,
1851, on the petition of the Executors through
their attorney, F. G. Johnson.
He was one of the best classical scholars of his
day. A great lover of books, he had collected a
remarkably large and rare library containing many
first editions. "He was," wrote one a few years
ago, "a lover of letters. Canadian bibliophiles can
point to their choicest specimens of Canadiana
bearing on the title page the well known signature
of this gentleman." His library passed through
the great fire of 1852, and was sold in that year.
Among the rarer editions were the following
selection :
ROMAN CIVIL LAW.
Accursii, Glossae ad Institutiones, i vol. 8vo. ("very rare
and valuable.")
Brissonii, de Formulis Juris Civilis Romani, Francofurti,
1592, i vol. 4 to ("rare and valuable.")
Brissonii, Opera Minora, Lugd. Bat, 1749, in vellum,
("Scarce.")
142 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Corpus Juris Civilis, cum comment: Accursi glossatum,
Ludguni, 1612, 6 vols. folio, ("a very valuable edi-
tion.")
Corpus Juris Civilis, Gothofredus, Amstel, 1663, 2 vols.
folio, "Entre toutes ces ditions, on pre*f&re celle de
1663, parce qu'elle est mieux executed; parce que le
texte Grec des nouvelles manque dans plusieurs des
Editions nouvelles; enfin parce que les additions faites
dans les temps post incurs, ne 1'emportent pas sur le
prix d'une Edition d'Elzevir." Le Camus Bibl: de
Droit y 287. Sells at Paris for 141 francs, see Brunet."
Cujacii, Opera Omnia Fabrotus. Paris 1658, "a rare edi-
tion of this valuable work. The Edition of 1795 sells
for 14 14 o sterling; see Bohn. This edition is in
excellent condition. "Le ce"lbre Jurisconsulte Cujas,
est, sans contredit le premier des interpretes du Droit
Romain . " Dupin.
Corvinus, Enncleatio Juris Civilis sec. ord. Inst. (Elzevir
1664.)
Digesta et Institutiones Justiniani, (Gothefredus 1583) i
vol. 8 vo.
Evarardi, Loci Argumentorum Legales, (Lugduni 1568)
i vol. 8 vo.
Grotius, de Belli et pacis jure, 1670, i vol. 8 vo.
Gothofredi, (Jacobus) Opera minora juridica, i vol. folio,
Ludg. Bat. 1773 in vellum (rare).
Gothofredi (Theophilus) i vol, 4 to. Genevae, 1620. Greek
and Latin in vellum, very rare.
Leyseri, Meditationes ad Pandectas, Lipsae, 12 vols. in 10,
4to, "Get ouvrage, fort estime* des jurisconsultes Alle-
mands, est peu commun en France." Brunei. "A
valuable edition, in vellum."
Novdt, Opera Omnia, 2 vols. folio, Lugd. Bat. 1767.
Pacii, Analysis Juris Civilis, sec. ord. Instit. (1601) i vol.
18 mo.
Petiti Leges Atticae, i vol. folio, Paris, 1685. " a great
body of Philological and Juridical learning." Bohn.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 143
Respublica Romana, i vol. 24 mo. (Lug. Batava. Elzevir,
1629.)
Strykii, Opera Praestantiora, i vol. folio, "rare edition."
Zonchceius, Quaestiones Juris Civilis (Oxon, 1660) i vol.
1 8 mo.
ENGLISH LAW.
Fortescue's de Laudibus Legum Anglicae (very scarce)
i vol. 8 vo.
ENGLISH LITERATURE.
Austin's Haec Homo, wherein the excellency of the creation
of woman is described. London, 1737, (rare and very
curious) i vol. 24 mo.
Digby, Sir Kenelm, the Sympathetic Powder, a discourse in
solemn assembly at Montpellier, by Sir K. Digby,
Knight. London 1769, i vol. 12 mo. (rare and very
curious.)
Jonson, Ben, Works of, London, 1631 i vol. folio. "Very
scarce and valuable."
Jones Secret History of Whitehall from Charles II. to the
abdication of James II., London 1697. "A very
curious and scarce work." i vol. 24 mo.
Little's Poems, London, 1804, i vol. 12 mo. very scarce.
Milton's Minor Poems, London, 1645. ("Very rare") i
vol. 12 mo.
Maurice, Prince of Nassau, Heroic Acts of, i vol. 4 to.
("very scarce.")
Magica Adamica, or the Antiquities of Magic by Enger,
Philadelphia, London 1650, i vol. 36 mo. "very rare
and curious."
Ramesey, W. Gent, and Student of Astrologie. Astrologie
restored, London 1651, i vol. 4 to. "A very curious
and rare work."
Systemia Agriculturae, of the Mystery of Husbandry Dis-
covered, to which is added the Kalendarium Rusticam,
by J. W. Gent. London 1669, i vol. 24 mo. "Very
curious and rare."
Testament, New (Geneva) 1557, Rare, i vol. 8 vo.
144 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
FRENCH LITERATURE.
Comines, Phil, de, ses Memoires. Paris 1576, 2 vols. 36
mo. "An extremely rare edition. An edition of 1648
sold for 80 francs at Didot's."
L'Art de Verifier les dates des Faits Historiques, des
Chartes, des Chroniques et autres ancien Monumens,
depuis la Naissance de Notre Seigneur. Paris, 1783,
3 vols. folio. "Ouvrage tres estime* et dont les ex-
emples se sont vendus jusqu'a 300 francs et plus cher.
Ordinairement vendu, Fargeau, 650 francs." Brunei.
Nouvelles Pense*es sur la cause de la Lumiere, i vol. 8 vo.
"Very curious and scarce."
Rabelais, Oeuvres de, (Edition Jacob) i vol. 18 mo. and
Geneva 1782, 4 vols. 24 mo.
Sevigniana, (1656) i vol. 24 mo.
Traite" sur les Perruques, i vol. 18 mo. "Very curious
work; it contains the autograph of the celebrated
Archbishop Bossuet."
ITALIAN LITERATURE.
Davila Historia, delle Guerre Civili di Francia, i vol. 4 to.,
Venetia, 1692. In vellum.
Soave, Pietro, Istorica del Concilio Tridintino, i vol., 4to.
Geneva, 1660. " A rare and valuable edition."
DUTCH LITERATURE.
Valentyn, Oud en Nieuw Cost Indien, A collection of
voyages to the East Indies (in Dutch) with numerous
plates of Natural History, views, portraits, charts, &c.
Amst. 1726. "Cette collection est fort curieuse."
Brunei. "This work is scarce and little known."
Dibin. " A copy sells for 1 5 15 o strlg." Bohn.
GREEK LITERATURE.
Aristotelis Opera, 4 vols. 12 mo. Greek and Latin. (Pacii
1587).
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 145
Antoninus Liberalis (Xylandri), i vol. 16 mo. Basil 1568.
"Xylandri, not being satisfied with his first attempt
of editing this author, caused the present edition to be
published, which is, in every respect, a more valuable
one, and is nearly as rare as the former." Dibdin.
Apthonii, Progymnasmater, i vol. 36 mo. Greek and Latin,
1627, "scarce."
Aelianus de Animalibus, i vol. 36 mo. Greek and Latin,
1616.
Casaubon, Athenai Diepnosophista, i vol. folio, Lugduni,
1557, "scarce and valuable."
Dinner! Epicthetorum Graecorum Farrago, i vol. 16 mo.
1607.
Demosthenis Oratio de Corona, Greek and Latin, Cramoisy,
1648, i vol. 1 6 mo.
Epicteti, Stoici Philosophi Enchiridon, i vol. 8 vo. Wolfius
Londini, 1670, "rare."
Florelegii Variorum Epigrammatum, i vol., 1604.
Herodiani Historia, i vol. Greek and Latin, Oxon: 1678.
"Very correct and beautiful." Dibdin.
Homeri Ilias, i vol. 8 vo., Greek and Latin, Heyne, 1819.
Heliodori, Aethiopico, i vol. 16 mo. Frankfort, 1631.
"Recherche'e et peu commune." Brunei. "Valued by
him at 30 frs."
Hippocratis Aphorismata, i vol. 24 mo. Greek and Latin,
1633-
Longini de sublimitate, i vol. 12 mo. Amstel, 1733.
Plutarchii Opera Omnia, 6 vols. 8 vo. Greek and Latin,
Stephanus 1572, "very rare. Brunet says: "Edi-
tion non moins remarquable par sa belle execution que
par son exactitude, les exemplaires ainsi complets, sont
tres recherche*s." Vendu 12 15 o. Dibdin says:
"This is the first edition of the entire works of Plutarch."
Dr. Harwood says: "This is the most correct work
of that great man (Stephanus) ever published."
Pindari Olympia, &c., et Anacreontis Carmina, 2 vols.
36 mo. Greek and Latin, H. Stephanus 1586.
10
146 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Sophoclis Tragediae, 2 vols. 16 mo. (Foulis 1745.)
Suidae, Lexicon, i vol. folio, Froben Basil, 1544, "This
is an exceedingly valuable and scarce edition worth
Scriptores de re accipitraria, i vol. 4 to. (1612).
Tragediae Selectae, 2 vols. Greek and Latin, (Stephanus,
1567)-
Testamentum Novum, 2 vols. 24 mo. Elzevir, 1624.
Xenophontis Cyropaedia, i vol. 8 vo. (Paris, 1538).
Xenophontis Memorabilia, i vol. 8 vo. (Oxon. 1749).
Zosimi Historiae, i vol. 12 mo. Greek and Latin (Oxon,
1679).
LATIN AUTHORS.
Ansonii, Opera, i vol. 36 mo. Amstel, "rare."
Amelil, Sex. Viet. Hist. Romanae. i vol. 8 vo. Schotti,
Leipsic, 1670, "very rare."
Aeliani, Variae Historiae, i vol. 36 mo. Geneva, 1593,
rare Greek and Latin.
Apuleii Madravrensis Platonici, Opera omnia quae exstant
(Wechliana, 1621) "very rare and valuable" i vol.
24 mo.
Allus Gellius, Noctes Atticae, i vol. 24mo. (Amstel, 1651,
Elzevir) "valuable and scarce edition."
Bcethius de consolatione philosophicae, i vol. 24 mo. Leip-
sic, 1 7 5 1 . " Cette edition est tres recherchSe. ' ' Brunei.
Ciceronis Opera, 2 vols. 4 to. (Vander: a: a: Amstel, 1692).
Ciceronia Opera Rhetorica, i vol. 18 mo. (Gryph. Lugd.
I 5S5) scarce.
Concionies et Orationes, i vol, 24 mo. Elzevir, 1662. "La
plus belle et moins commune des quatres Editions de
ce recueuil qu' ont donnas les Elzevirs vendu 75 frs."
Brunei.
Goezii, Rei Agrariae Scriptores, i vol. 4 to. 1674. very
scarce.
Horatii, Opera cum notis, Bond, i vol. 24 mo. 1767. "A
fine edition, copied from Elzevir of 1676."
Juvenalis et Persii, Satyrae, i vol. 4 to. "valuable edition"
(Baskerville).
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Justini Hist, ex Trogo Pompejo, cum notis, Isaaci Vossii,
(1722) i vol. 1 6 mo.
Livii, Historiae, (Ruddiman, 1751) 4 vols.
Lucani, Pharsalia, (Didot) i vol. folio "valuable edition."
Lactantii, Opera, i vol. 36 mo. (Lugd. 1593) "very rare."
Macrobii Opera, i vol. 36 mo. (Lugd. Gryph. 1585))
"scarce and valuable."
Plinii, Historia Naturalis, 3 vols. 24 mo. 1635, Elzevir.
Quintiliani Opera, i vol. folio (Paris, Constellier, 1725.)
Stephani Thesaurus Linguae Latinae, 4 vols. folio a very
valuable work.
Senecae Opera, i vol. folio, (Paris, 1619).
Senecae Opera, i vol. 18 mo. (Crispin, 1614).
Suetonii Opera, i vol. 26 mo. (Amstel, 1612) "rare."
Senecae Tragediae, i vol. 36 mo. (Amstel, 1678, Elzevir)
"rare."
Statii Opera, i vol. 36 mo. (cum notis Gronovii Amstel,
1653, Elzevir). "Dr. Harwood calls this a very scarce
edition. ' ' Dibdin.
Silius Italicus de secundo Bello Punico, Amstel, 1628, i vol.
36 mo.
Taciti Opera, i vol. 36 mo. (Gryph. Lugd. 1584) "scarce
and valuable edition."
Terentii Comediae, i vol. 36 mo. (Amstel 1630).
Valerii Maximi, Opera, i vol. 16 mo. (Lugd. Gryph. 1538)
"rare edition."
MODERN GREEK AND LATIN AUTHORS.
Alexandri ab Alexandro, geniales dies, 2 vols. 8 vo. (Lugd.
1673).
Beroaldi, Phil. Orationes, i vol. 12 mo. (Gauthier, Paris,
1509) "scarce."
Beroaldi, Flores Poetarum, i vol. 36 mo. 1556 "also
scarce."
Buchanan, (George) Opera Omnia, 2 vols. folio, (Edin.
Ruddiman, 1715).
Buchanan (George) Poemata, i vol. 24 mo. (Amstel 1687).
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Bacon de Augmentis Scientiarum, i vol. 36 mo. (LugcU
Bat. 1652) "scarce."
Biblia Sacra, i vol. 16 mo. (Londini, 1656).
Concilii Tridentini, Celebrati Canones et Decreta, 1677
"rare" 18 mo.
Lavata de Spectris, i vol. 24 mo. Lugd. 1687 "Curious
and scarce."
Lucianus Mortuorum Dialog! (Greek and Latin) i vol. 24
mo. (Paris, 1656).
Mureti Orationes, i vol. 36 mo. (Paris 1578) "a rare
edition."
Spelmanni Glossarium Archaeologicum, i vol. folio (ed.
1687).
Skinneri Etymotogicon, i folio, 1671
Scoti (Dun) Quaestiones ad Aristot. Logica. i vol. 16 mo,
(Edition of 1600).
Vossii Rhetoricae, i vol. 16 mo. (Edition of 1567).
Valla (Laurentius) de Linguae Elegantia, i vol. 18 mo.
(1658).
Weckerum de Secretis, i vol. 24 mo. (Basil 1642) "Cur-
ious and rare."
In the year 1827 he was living near what was
then known as St. Mary's Foundry. Later he
occupied a house on Notre Dame Street near the
old Water Works, in 1832, where his son Alex-
ander Brock was bom. From this house he re-
moved to the large house owned and at one time
occupied by Sir James Stuart, situated at some
distance east, also on Notre Dame Street, and
which was still standing in 1892, being then
used as a carriage factory. About 1838 he moved
into the large and comfortable house which he
had built at Cote a Barren, now known as Sher-
brooke Street. It still stands at the corner of
X
s^
"-^
C
5
en
O
7
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 149
Sherbrooke and Cadieux Streets, fronting on the
former. The grounds which surrounded the house
extended down the slope to Ontario Street, then a
creek. They are now covered by houses and divi-
ded up by streets, and the stables have been torn
down. Here he lived until 1849, when he leased
it to Lieutenant-General Sir William Rowan,
K.C.B., Commander of the Forces, and went to
live at No. 7 Cornwall Terrace, St. Denis Street.
The Cote a Barron house was subsequently
occupied by Lieutenant-General Sir William Eyre,
and then by Sir John Michel, and in 1852 it was
sold to Mr. Bruyere, a partner in the large and
wealthy firm of Masson, Bruyere, Thomas & Co.
In 1849 Cornwall Terrace was the fashionable
row of houses in the city. In 1850 Sir James E.
Alexander, A.D.C., lived in No. i; Col, Dyneley,
R.A., C.B. (whose wife was a sister of Lord
Ellenborough) , in No. 2 ; J. B. Greenshields in No.
3 ; John Ostell in No. 4 ; Henry Jackson in No. 5 ;
E. S. Freer in No. 6 ; and Mr. Buchanan in No. 7.
After her husband's death Mrs. Buchanan con-
tinued living at No. 7 Cornwall Terrace until 1852,
when the Terrace was destroyed in the great fire.
The family then moved to Bleury Street above
Ontario Street, and after that, in 1854, to No. 49
Champ de Mars. In 1855, Mrs. Buchanan with
her daughter, Mary, went to Hve in England. In
1857 she returned and lived first at Woodstock,
and afterwards, at Quebec, with her son Brock.
She died on the i8th July, 1862, at Saco, Maine.
I5O ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
They had issue:
I. George Carlo Vidua Buchanan, was born on
the 2oth October, 1825, at Montreal. He was named
after Count Vidua, an Italian friend of his father's,
who had visited him at Montreal . His god-parents
were Maria Froste, William Buchanan, and Henry
Black by his proxy George Stuart. He went to
Black's School on St. Helen's Street, at Montreal.
In 1840, he began the study of the law in the
office of Henry Black, Q.C., at Quebec. While
there he lived with his uncle, Alexander Carlisle
Buchanan. Returning to Montreal he entered the
office of C. S. Cherrier, Q.C., and Mr. Antoine
Dorion, afterwards Chief Justice of the Queen's
Bench, and at that time practising together, but
leaving them he completed his law studies in the
office of John Rose, Q.C., afterwards Sir John Rose,
Bart., and was admitted to the Bar on the i4th
November, 1846. He practised for some years at
Montreal in partnership with Mr. John Monk, the
firm being Monk & Buchanan, and then removed
to Sweetsburg in the Eastern Townships, at which
place he ever afterwards practised. He was at
one time in partnership with the Hon. L. S.
Huntington and for many years with the Hon. G.
B. Baker, the firm being Buchanan & Baker. In
1862 he was appointed Crown Prosecutor for the
District of Bedford, which office he held until his
appointment to the Bench. In 1864 he was ap-
pointed by the Quebec Government Commissioner
to settle the much disputed question relating to
HON. G. C. V. BUCHANAN.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 151
titles of Bolton lands and acted in such capacity
for three years. He was appointed a Queen's Coun-
sel on the 28th February, 1873 ; a Commissioner for
consolidating the General Statutes of the Province
of Quebec in 1877, and on the 28th February, 1881,
he was raised to the Bench as Judge of the Super-
ior Court for the District of Bedford, in the place
of Mr. Justice Dunkin, and was sworn in on the
2ist March, 1881. In 1885 he was appointed Re-
vising Officer. In the month of January, 1887,
he resigned his seat on the Bench. The Legal
News noted his retirement in the following terms :
"Under the pressure of many losses, we have
"omitted to notice particularly the retirement of
"Mr. Justice Buchanan of the Superior Court.
"It was rumoured at first that his withdrawal was
"only temporary and that after a period of rest he
"would probably be able to resume the duties of
1 'his office. We regret that this information proves
"to be without foundation and that Mr. Justice
"Buchanan has been compelled, by the condition
"of his health, to place his resignation in the hands
"of the Government. Mr. Buchanan, who was
"assigned to the district of Bedford, was a Judge of
"great accomplishments and personally very much
"esteemed. Many of his judgments have appeared
"in this journal, and bear evidence of his ability
"as a jurist. He has also sat from time to time
" in the Court of Review in this City, and his
"presence will be greatly missed by his colleagues
"and by the profession generally."
152 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
He married on the i 7th November, 1863, Abbie
Louise Snow. He died at Montreal on the 3rd
July, 1901. He left issue:
(1) Mary Maud, married on ist January
1896, to George G. Foster, K.C., of Montreal; and
has issue: (i) George Buchanan, born
August, 1897; (2) Ruth Elizabeth.
(2) Florence Geraldine, died on
March, 1886, aged 16 years, at Sweetsburg;
(3) Charles Ernest, born i5th June 1871.
II. Elizabeth Jane Buchanan, born on the
24th October, 1827, at Montreal. Her sponsors
were Hon. John S. McCord, Mary Griffin, wife of
the late Frederick Griffin Q.C., of Montreal, and
Mary Irwin, by her proxy Maria Froste. On the
nth June, 1851, she was married at Montreal to
Captain George Blicke Champion Crespigny, XXth
Regiment, of Foot, second son of Charles Fox
Champion Crespigny, Esquire, of Harefield House,
Uxbridge, Middlesex, England. In 1854 Captain
Crespigny was appointed to the School of Mus-
ketry at Hythe, England, with the brevet rank
of Lieutenant -Colonel from 1859. He died on
the 3oth June, 1893, aged 78 years, at Folke-
stone. Mrs. de Crespigny (*) died on the 3oth
April, 1897, at the same place. They had issue:
(i) George Harrison Champion de Crespigny,
of Burton Latimer Hall, Kettering, Northampton-
C 1 ) In 1876 Colonel Crespigny took up the " de," which for
some reason had been dropped by his father.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 153
shire, born on the gth July, 1863, gazetted i4th
May, 1884, Lieutenant in the Northamptonshire
Regiment. He was appointed Captain in the 3rd
Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment (Militia)
in 1892, Honorary Major in 1898, and Major in
1903. On the ist December, 1890, he married
Gwendoline Blanche, daughter of W. C. Clarke-
Thornhill, of Rushton Hall, Northants. Fixby,
Yorkshire, and Swakeleys, Middlesex, J. P. for Co.
of Northampton. He has issue:
(1) George Arthur Oscar, born 25th
November, 1894.
(2) Mildred Frances.
(3) Gwendoline Sibyl.
(2) Julia Constantia, died on 7th September,
1876, aged 24 years, at Les Avants, Montreux,
Switzerland.
(3) Georgiana Elizabeth.
III. Wentworth James Buchanan, born nth
December, 1828, at Montreal. His sponsors were
C. R. Ogden, Anne Amelia Monk, and R. W.
Harwood. He was educated at the High School
at Montreal, and in 1847 entered the Commercial
Bank of Canada, leaving which he entered in 1853
the service of the Bank of Montreal. In 1858 he
was appointed Agent at Woodstock, Ont., and
held in succession the post of Manager at Brant-
ford, Cobourg, Hamilton, Toronto, and at Montreal
in 1874. In 1879 ne was appointed Assistant
General Manager, and in 1881 General Manager of
154 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
the Bank of Montreal. He retired on the 3ist
October, 1890. He married Agatha, youngest
daughter of Major Arnold R. Burrowes, Grenadier
Guards. He died at Montreal, on the 2nd of
July, 1905. He left issue:
(1) Claude Wentworth, of Montreal, born
22nd May, 1872.
(2) Fitzherbert Price, B. Sc., of Mont-
real, born 1 6th March, 1874.
(3) Richard Trevor, of Woodlands, P.Q.,
born 1 8th November, 1876; married in 1905
Constance Hale, of Lennoxville, and has
issue :
(1) Mary Ada (Minda).
(2) Alice Agatha, married to Frank H.
Weir, of Montreal, and has issue.
IV. William Robert Buchanan was born on
22nd September, 1830, at Montreal, went to
to Australia and thence some years afterwards to
the Sandwich Islands. He married twice, having
issue by both marriages, and died in January,
1902, at Honolulu. He married, first, Miss Musel-
white and had issue, Gertrude, died unmarried;
Charles A. ; William ; Amy, married to Mr. Hope ;
and Helen, married to Mr. Brundage; secondly,
Emma C. Brickwood, and had issue; Wentworth
M. ; Irene Martha, married to William H. Cornwell,
Jr. ; Grace, married to Allen Dunn ; May, married
to Henry N. Almy; Alexander, and Agnes^Judd.
\\ 1 XTWORTH J. BUCHANAN.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 155
V. Alexander Brock Buchanan, of Montreal
and Murray Bay, was born on the loth January,
1832, at Montreal, in his father's house on. Notre
Dame Street, which stood almost opposite the
Donagana Hotel, now used as the Notre Dame
Hospital. He was baptized on the i6th March
following by the Rev. John Bethune, Rector of
Christ Church, of Montreal. The Sponsors were
James C. Buchanan by his proxy, Alexander
Buchanan, W. Guild and Sarah Blackwell by her
proxy, Margaret Jamieson. In September, 1843,
on the opening of the High School of Montreal,
he went to that school, where he remained until
1847 when he went to Brantford and entered the
establishment of Mr. Ignatius Cockshutt, general
merchant. In August 1850, with his uncle,
William Oliver Buchanan, he set out for Charleston,
Kanawha Co., Virginia, where he was engaged at
the coal mines. He returned to Montreal in 1852,
and in May of that year went into the office of
Mr. Jesse Joseph, and in the following May into
the office of Gillespie, Moffatt & Co. On the
ist May, 1856, he entered the service of the Bank
of Montreal. In April, 1857, he went as Ac-
countant to Bowmanville, Ont. ; in 1858 as
Accountant to Cobourg; in 1859 as Accountant to
Quebec; in September 1863 he was appointed
Agent at Cornwall; in December 1866, Agent at
St. Catharines, Ont., in January, 1869, he was act-
ing Agent at Simcoe, and in May, 1869, he returned
to the Head Office at Montreal. He was appointed
156 ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
Secretary of the Bank of Montreal in 1876, and In-
spector of Branch Returns in 1896. On the ist
September, 1898, he was granted one year's leave
of absence, and on the ist November, 1899, after
more than forty-three years of active service in
the Bank of Montreal he retired on his pension.
It was chiefly due to his efforts that the Pension
Fund Society of the Bank of Montreal, of which
he was one of the charter members, and the first
secretary, was founded, On the i2th May, 1857,
he married Elizabeth Ann, daughter of Francis
Best and of Emily Atkinson, his wife, of Montreal,
who had come with her parents to Canada in 1842.
They were married by the Rev. John Bethune,
Dean of Montreal, in St. John's Chapel, Gosford
Street, Montreal. Mrs. Brock Buchanan was born
on the 22nd April, 1834, at Killyman, in County
Armagh, Ireland, and was baptized on the 24th
May, 1834, by the Rev. H. Revel, Curate Assistant
of Killyman. Her mother, Emily Atkinson, who
was born in 1807, was the daughter of Joseph
Atkinson, Esq., of Crowhill, near Portadown, Co.
Armagh, and was married on the 27th November,
1828, in the Parish Church of Tartaraghan, Co.
Armagh, by the Rev. Henry Stewart, in the pres-
ence of her father, Joseph Atkinson, and Joseph
Willis, to Francis Best, who was born in 1804.
They had issue :
(i) George Reid, born on the 6th March,
1858, at Bowmanville, C.W., and died on the i6th
January, 1861, at Quebec.
Ai I XANDER m>CK wen \\ \\
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 157
2. Alexander Buchanan, late of Vancouver,
B. C., born on ist September, 1861, at Quebec;
married at Montreal on 25th November, 1903,
Anna Mary, daughter of the late Hon. James
O'Brien, of Montreal.
3. Rupert Charles Buchanan, of Montreal,
born on yth June, 1867, at St. Catherines, C. W. ;
married on 22nd April, 1896, at Quebec, Mary
Jane, daughter of William McLimont, of Quebec,
and has issue :
(1) Alexander Ronald, born i6th July, 1901.
(2) William Henry Keith, born 4th June,
1903.
(3) Nancy Greaves.
4. Arthur William Patrick Buchanan, K.C. , of
Montreal, born on 4th November, 1870, at Mon-
treal; matriculated from the Montreal High
School into the first year of the Faculty of Arts,
McGill College, in September, 1887; graduated
LL.B. in Laval University on 29th April, 1893,
and admitted to the Bar of the Province of Que-
bec on the 8th July, 1894; appointed K. C. in
1908; married at the Parish Church of Stoke
Poges, Bucks., Eng., by the Rev. Vernon Blake,
Vicar of Stoke Poges, on the 2nd June, 1897, to
Berthe Louise, elder daughter of the late William
Quirin, and of Isabelle Mercer, his wife, of Boston,
Mass.; admitted a member of the Buchanan
Society, of Glasgow, Scotland, on the ist
November, 1900; practises with Mr. W. J.
15^ ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C.
White, K. C.,the firm being White & Buchanan.
He has issue:
(1) Erskine Brock Quirin, born on 2ist March,
1898, at Montreal.
(2) Audrey Isabel Patricia.
5. Albert Edward Clarence Buchanan, born
on 4th November, 1870, at Montreal.
1. Elizabeth Emily (Lemmy) died on 26th
January, 1880, at Montreal.
2. Frances (Lily) married on i5th April,
1899, by the Rev. Canon Norton, D.D., at Christ
Church Cathedral, Montreal, to Arthur Hamilton
Buchanan, Manager of the Bank of Montreal at
Spokane, U. S. A., son of the late Alexander
Carlisle Buchanan, of Quebec.
3. Ethel (Cherry) died on 23rd September,
1898, at Montreal.
4. Gwendoline, died on Sunday, the 26th
July, 1896, on her i9th birthday, at Montreal
VI. Margaret Lucy, born on i3th May, 1834,
and died on 2yth March, 1837.
VII. Frederick Albert, born on i7th Feb-
ruary, 1836, and died on 27th October, 1842.
VIII. Mary Alexandrina, born on 25th
October and died on 2oth November, 1841.
IX. Mary, born on loth October, 1842, mar-
ried on loth November, 1876, at St. Thomas's,
Portman Square, London, to Richard Mainwaring
Williams, M.A., St. Peter's College, Cambridge,
MRS. ALEXANDER BROCK BUCHANAN.
ALEXANDER BUCHANAN, Q.C. 159
clerk in Holy Orders, Rector at that time of Ed-
mondshaw, Dorset, and later of Harnhill, Ciren-
cester, in Gloucestershire, Eng. She died on the
i ;th June, 1901, at Harnhill. She had issue:
(i) Herbert Mainwaring, born on 9th June,
1879, Lieutenant in the Army Veterinary De-
partment.
(2) Gwladys Louisa.
(3) Marjorie Mary.
Buchanans of that Ilk.
Buchanans of that Ilk. 1
For our knowledge of the history of the Family
of Buchanan, we are indebted to William Buchanan
of Auchmar. His very interesting Essay upon
the Family and Surname of Buchanan, first pub-
lished in the year 1723, and written in quaint
language, is of the greatest authority. Our
gratitude is due to the author for the splendid
result of his labour and research, in which we
possess so complete a record of the Family of
Buchanan and of its various branches.
The author, the sixth Laird of Auchmar, mar-
ried on the 4th June, 1696, Jean Buchanan,
daughter of John Buchanan, Laird of Carbeth,
and died in 1747.
In the preface to his book, the author says
that in some cases, where authentic records could
not be had, he had been obliged to take up with
the best attested and most generally received tra-
ditional accounts ; yet for the most part he says
that he is supported in what he says by ancient
charters of uncontested authority.
i The above is chiefly compiled from " A Historical and Genea-
logical Essay upon the Family of Buchanan," by William Buchanan
of Auchmar, first published in the year 1723, and reprinted in 1820,
and from " Stratnendrick," by the late Mr. John Guthrie Smith,
F. S. A., Scot., in which the section on the Buchanan genealogies
was prepared by Mr. A. W. Gray Buchanan from genealogical trees
and memoranda written by Mr. Guthrie Smith.
164 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
The following is the account which he gives of
the origin of the family:
" Sueno, or Canutus, at this time (1014) King
" of England and Denmark, his birth-day ap-
" proaching, which all the Danish officers and
" soldiers in Ireland resolved to solemnize with
" great jollity, Turgesius, the Danish General,
" sent orders to all the Danish officers in Ireland
" to repair to Limerick, being their principal
" garrison and his residence, to assist at the so-
" lemnity, fearing nothing that the Irish would or
" could do in such low circumstances. The
" general at the same time sent orders to the Irish
" nobility and gentry, to send to Limerick against
" the King's birth -day a thousand, or, as others
" say, two thousand of the most beautiful of their
" daughters, to dally with the Danish officers at
" that festival. Of this the Irish King getting in-
" telligence, resolved to send the desired number
" of the most clear-complexioned youths that
11 could be found, clothed in women's habit, with
11 long Irish skiens, or daggers, below their clothes,
" with orders that, so soon as they went to bed
11 with their several paramours, being generally
" drunk on such occasions, they should stab them
" with these concealed daggers, and afterwards
" seize upon their guard -house, where their arms
" were laid by, and if matters succeeded, to give
" a signal by kindling a large fire upon the town
" wall; the Irish King with a small party being
11 ambushed in a wood near by, in expectation of
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK 165
" the event. These Irish viragoes put their orders
" into execution to the utmost, and having given
" the concerted signal to the King, introduced
" him and his party to the town, who, without
" any mercy or resistance, killed all the Danes
" in the garrison, being destitute of sense, officers,
" and arms, reserving their General Turgesius
" for further punishment, which was inflicted
" upon him by drowning, which then, and as yet,
" is reputed the most ignominious death among
;< the Irish. Most of all the other Danes through-
" out the kingdom were shortly after cut off.
' This massacre was a kind of parallel to another
" of that nature committed on the Danes in Eng-
:< land some little time before this, by command
" of Ethelred, the English King. But, as that,
" so also this, fell short of the success projected
11 thereby. For no sooner was the Danish King
" of England informed of his countrymen's
" disaster, than he sent a powerful army into
:< Ireland, which with the utmost rigour did pro-
" secute all who had any hand in this late tragedy;
14 so that most of them fell victims to the rage
" of their inveterate enemies, and those who did
11 not were necessitated to abandon their native
" country. Among the number of those was "
I. Anselan Buey Okyan, or Fair Okyan, son
to Okyan, provincial king of the south part of
Ulster, who left Ireland about the year 1016,
and went to Scotland, where he entered the ser-
vice of Malcolm, King of Scotland, and for his
l66 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
services against the Danes received the grants of
several lands in the north part of Scotland, is said
by Auchmar to be the first Laird of Buchanan.
The account of the origin of the surname of Buch-
anan in general, and of six of the first principal
men of that family successively in particular, is
founded by Auchmar upon probable and uncon-
troverted tradition.
"Anselan Okyan," says Auchmar, " not only
" was recompensed for this service by King Mal-
" colm with lands of considerable value, but also
" with very splendid arms. The arms assigned
" by that king to this Anselan upon account of
" his descent, and more especially upon account
" of his heroic achievements, are, in a field or, a
" lion rampant sable, armed and langued gules,
" holding in his paw a sabre, or crooked sword,
11 proper, which arms that surname retained
" always without the least addition or variation,
" until that addition obtained upon a very honour-
" able occasion, at the battle of Bauge."
Anselan, the first Laird of Buchanan, married
the heiress of Denniestoun, and was succeeded by
his son,
II. John, whose son and successor was
III. Anselan, whose son and successor was
IV. Walter, whose son and successor was
V. Girald, or Bernard, whose son and suc-
ccessor was
VI. MacBeath, whose son and successor was
VII. Anselan, the seventh Laird, who was
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK l6/
seneschal to the Earl of Lennox. In the year
1225, he obtained from Malduin or Maldoven,
third Earl of Lennox, a charter of an island in
Loch Lomond called Clarines or Clareinch, which
charter was confirmed by King Alexander II.
in the year 1231. Of Clareinch, Auchmar says
' The Isle of Clareinch was the slugorn, or call
" of war, proper to the family of Buchanan;
" such like being usual in all other families in
" these times, and for some following ages. So
11 soon as this call was raised upon any alarm,
:< the word Clareinch was sounded aloud from
" one to another, in a very little time, throughout
!< the whole country; upon hearing of which all
' ' effective men belonging to the Laird of Buchanan,
" with the utmost diligence, repaired well armed,
11 to the ordinary place of rendezvous, which,
" when the lairds resided in that island, was upon
" a ground upon the shore opposite thereto.
" That which in these more modern times came
" in place of the slugorn was the fire-cross, being
" a little stick with a cross on one end of it, the
" extremities of which were burnt, or made black
' by fire. This cross, being once set a-going,
" was carried through with such despatch, as in
" a few hours would alarm the people of a vast
" extent of ground."
' The name of Buchanan," he says, " was
" so numerous in heritors, and the castle of
" Buchanan so centrally placed in respect of the
" interests and residence of these heritors, that the
l68 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
" Laird of Buchanan could, in a summer's day,
" call fifty heritors of his own name to his house,
" upon any occasion, and all of them might with
" conveniency return to their respective residences
" against night, the furthest of them not being
" above ten miles from Buchanan."
Anselan had three sons, Gilbert, his successor,
(2) Methlen, ancestor of the McMillans, and (3)
Colman, ancestor of the MacColmans.
VIII. Gilbert Buchanan, who is said to have
been the first to assume the surname of Buchanan.
The ancient surname of the family was MacAusland
or Macausland. As to the meaning of the name
Buchanan, the author of " Strathendrick " says:
11 The Rev. J. B. Johnston derives the place
" name Buchanan from the Gallic bog chanan,
" * low ground belonging to the canon.' The
" surname also takes in Gallic the form ' Mac-a-
" chanonaich,' ' son of the canon,' but nothing
" seems to be known as to the canon to whom this
" refers, history and tradition being alike silent
" on the point."
Gilbert Buchanan, who was also seneschal,
or chamberlain, to the Earl of Lennox, was Laird
about 1274, and was succeeded by his son,
IX. Sir Maurice Buchanan, who had three
sons, Maurice, his successor, (2) Allan, who mar-
ried the heiress of Lenny, and (3) John, ancestor
of Buchanan of Auchneiven.
X. Sir Maurice Buchanan lived about 1320.
" There is a traditional account," says Auch-
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK 169
mar, " that king Robert Bruce, after his defeat
" at Dalree, near Straithfillan, by Macdougall,
' lord of Lorn, and his adherents, came all alone,
" on foot, along the north side of Loch Lomond
' (being the most rugged way of any other of this
14 kingdom), the day after that battle, to the castle
"of Buchanan; where, being joyfully received,
" and for some days entertained, he was secretly
" conveyed, by the earl of Lennox and Buchanan,
;< to a place of safety. This report is the more
" probable, in regard there is a cave near the shore
11 of Loch Lomond, in Buchanan parish, termed
14 the King's Cave; it being reported, that king
" Robert lay over night in that cave, in his journey
* towards Buchanan." He married a daughter of
Sir Walter Menteith of Rusky and had a son,
XL Sir Walter Buchanan, who, according
to Auchmar, " seems to have been a very active
" gentleman, and made a very bright figure in his
' time, having made a very considerable addition
14 to his old estate by the purchase of a great
" many other lands." He lived to a great age,
and had only one son, John, 1 who married the
heiress of Lenny, and died before his father. This
John had three sons, (i) Sir Alexander Buchanan,
who slew the Duke of Clarence at the battle of
Bauge in 1420, and was himself slain at the battle
of Verneuil in the year 1424, being never married.
(2) Sir Walter Buchanan, who succeeded to the
(1) Auchmar designates this John the 12th Laird of Buchanan.
I7O BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
Estate of Buchanan, and (3) John of Ballachon-
dachy, ancestor of the Buchanans of Lenny.
The author of the book Pluscarden gives the
following account of these two battles:
" In the year 1420 envoys were sent by
" Charles VII. king of France, to the governor
" of Scotland, the duke of Albany, for succour
11 against Henry V., who was then invading the
" kingdom of France with a great host of men-
" at-arms, seizing and ravaging everything. So
" the governor called together the three estates
" of the realm, and despatched his son John, earl
" of Buchan, with whom was Archibald Douglas,
11 eldest son of the earl of that ilk and nephew
" of the said duke, with ten thousand men-at-
11 arms splendidly equipped at the expense of the
" said king of France; and ships were sent both
" from France and from Spain to the said king-
11 dom of Scotland to bring the said nobles to the
" said kingdom of France. They were welcomed
" with the greatest rejoicings, and the chief leaders
" of the army were given fine places to live in,
" to wit, the castle of Chatillon to the earl of
" Buchan, the castle of Dunleroi to Archibald
' Douglas, earl of Wigtown; the castle of Lan-
" geais to sir Thomas Seton, and the castle of
" Concoursault to sir John Stewart of Darnley,
" together with their respective lands and domains
" and most wealthy towns and fortresses. Now
:< these, until the battle of Bauge, were not thought
"much of, but were called by the French only
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
" mutton -eaters and wine-bibbers and consumers,
11 and of no use to the king and kingdom of France,
(< until and up to the time that the battle of
" Bauge was fought chiefly by the Scots, where
" the whole nobility and the flower of the English
" chivalry fell in battle, on Easter Eve, during
" an eight days' truce and armistice agreed upon
" by the chiefs, namely, the said lords of Scotland
" and the duke of Clarence of England, out of
" reverence for Christ's passion and the taking
" of the sacrament. Yet on the eve of the said
!< Easter Festival, while the Scots thought no
11 evil, nay, were utterly free from falseness and
" deceit, and were playing at ball and amusing
" themselves with other pleasant or devout oc-
" cupations, all of a sudden the English chiefs
;< treacherously rushed upon them from an ambush
" while they were almost unarmed. But by God's
" mercy some men of note were playing at a pas-
" sage over a certain river, and they caught sight
" of their banners coming stealthily in ambush
11 through the groves and woods. So they hastily
" gave the alarm at the top of their voices, and
" defended the passage for a while with bow and
" spear; else all the chiefs of Scotland, thinking
" no evil, would have been taken unawares and
" destroyed with the edge of the sword. But
" the English chiefs, fully armed cap-a-pie, pre-
" sumptuously thinking they would utterly bear
" down and defeat the Scots in the twinkling
" of an eye, left their archers behind in their too
172 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
44 great haste; and thus they were routed by the
" Scots, who were lightly armed and almost with-
44 out armour. For the latter are most mighty
44 men at a sudden charge and very good with
4 4 the spear ; and they came pouring in at the word
;4 with great shouting, roused and emboldened
' by the bad faith of the English and strong in
44 their own good faith, and thereby rendered
"braver; and with so impetuous an onset did
44 they assail and bear down the English chiefs
44 with spears and maces of iron and lead and
44 keen -edged swords, that they bore down and
44 felled to the earth both the chiefs and their
" comrades, as well as their standard-bearers,
' banners, attendants, pennons, flags and stan-
" dards, and at the first shock slew the flower
44 of the chivalry of the English army, the duke
" of Clarence, brother to the king of England,
11 and other generals and earls and magnates,
" knights and barons, with many other lords;
" and, when they had despatched their followers
44 who were present, the others behind them, who
44 were coming to the fight, were quickly put to
44 flight. This was at the hour of Vespers. Further-
more the chiefs of Scotland and their army
pursued the fugitives as far as the bridge of a
certain town which is called Le Mans, eight
leagues off, killing some, capturing some and
smiting down others, until interrupted by the
night, when they escaped in the woods and
groves/'
. 4
< (
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK 173
" There was the king's brother the duke of
" Clarence slain, as stated, and the earl of Kyme,
" the earl of Riddesdale and the lord de Roos,
' ' together with the lord Grey of Codnor and many
" other barons, to the number of twenty-six
:< territorial lords; and there were taken the earl
E< of Somerset, brother of the queen of Scotland,
!< the wife of King James I., and the earl of Hunt-
" ingdon. Somerset was taken by Lawrence
1 Vernor, a Scot, and by sir John Sibbald, knight
" of Scotland; and also the brother of the said
" earl of Somerset. The lord of Fewant was
" also taken there, as well as many other lordlings
" of whom there is no mention. Nor do I find
" any positive account of who killed whom in
" such a general melee \ but the common report
" was that a highland Scot named Alexander
11 Macausland, a native of Lennox, of the house-
" hold of the lord of Buchan, killed the said duke
"of Clarence; for, in token thereof, the afore-
" said Macausland brought with him to camp a
" golden coronet of the finest gold and adorned
11 with precious stones, which was found on his
" helmet upon his head in the field; and he sold
" it for a thousand nobles to the lord Darnley,
" who afterwards left that coronet to Robert
" Houston in pledge for five thousand nobles he
" owed him. Note that few Scotsmen and French-
" men died, not more than eighteen, of whom
" two were Frenchmen, men of quality, namely,
" Charles Boutillier and the brother of the lord
174 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
" des Fontaines. On the day following Easter
" Sunday news reached the king of the French
" that all the Scots ran away, and that the French
" gained the field and the victory and the honour;
" whereat the king of France, who was at Tours,
" marvelled greatly. But on the fourth day
" after the battle the Scottish chiefs presented
" themselves with their prisoners, two earls of
" England and five or six great barons, before
" the king of the French at the said city, while
" the French had no prisoners. Then the king
' publicly broke forth in these words, saying,
' Ye who were wont to say that my Scots were
"of no use to me and the kingdom, and were
' worth nothing save as mutton-eaters and wine-
" bibbers, see now who has deserved to have
" the honour and the victory and the glory of
" the battle/
11 The Dauphin of France, seeing the summer
" was passing away and winter approaching,
" and looking to the good luck of the Scots and
" relying on their help, after mature deliberation
" sent the aforesaid earl of Buchan, Constable
" of France, into Scotland to bring back a larger
M army of Scots. He brought back with him
11 Archibald, earl of Douglas, second of that name,
11 together with ten thousand men-at-arms and
" many other nobles, knights, barons, lords and
" others, splendidly appointed, some of whom
" landed in Brittany, some at La Rochelle, at
" the Feast of Fas ten's Even in the year 1423.
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK 175
" The king of France was defunct, and his son
" the Dauphin Charles not as yet crowned, as
" divers cities stood in his way between him
" and the place of his coronation, the city of
" Rheims. He was indeed king, although not
"crowned; but he had few supporters in the
" kingdom, owing to the difference between him
" and the duke of Burgundy on account of the
" murder of the duke of Orleans; and therefore
" he was in great want of money. Still the king
" bestowed upon the said earl of Douglas the
" duchy of Touraine, and the other lords hegrati-
" fied according to their rank, so that, what with
" gifts and with promises, they were content to
" live and die in the cause of the king against the
" English. At length the brother of the defunct
" king of England, the duke of Bedford, then
" regent in France, and with him the earl of
" Salisbury and the duke of Gloucester with a
' large train of men-at-arms, laid siege to the
" castle of Ivry in Perche, and it was arranged
11 with them that, failing succour within forty
" days, the aforesaid castle was to be surrendered
" to them. So the chiefs of the Scots, seeing
" this, prepared with all alacrity and speed to
" have an encounter with them. And it came
' to pass thus. When this earl of Douglas and
" duke of Touraine had been made lieutenant-
. " general of the king of France, and invested
" with the ducal coronet at Bourges in Berri
" with the utmost magnificence, and had after-
176 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
!< wards posted guards in his castles and towns,
;< he got ready on the appointed day; and with
11 him were the said earl of Buchan, constable
" of France and son-in-law of the said lord duke,
" as well as the whole nobility of Scotland who
" were there at the time; and of Frenchmen
" there were the counts de Har court, d'Aumale,
" de Tonnerre, de Narbonne, and many French
" nobles; and these all fell in the battle, so that
" hardly any noble either of Scotland or of France
" escaped from the aforesaid, but was either
" taken prisoner or slain. There, on some level
" ground near the town of Verneuil, between the
" said castle of Ivry and the aforesaid town, died
" the said duke of Touraine, together with the
" constable of France, his son-in-law, and James
" Douglas, his second son, a most gallant knight,
" and the nephew of the king of Scotland, and
" other barons and knights, to the number of
" fifty lords of distinction, and a great host of
" others, both nobles and bowmen, whose num-
" bers it is impossible to fix with certainty, though
" they are set down at seven thousand Scots
" and five thousand Frenchmen. Now the man-
" ner and cause of the loss of the battle were as
" follows. The French army did not come quite
" in time on the appointed day for the recovery
" of the castle, but on the following day; and
" thus the castle was surrendered to the English,
" and the French army at Verneuil in Perche,
" which was held for the king of England, made
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK 177
" ready and gave the assault and took the town.
" Then they posted their army all round and en-
" camped, thinking the English army would
" return to Normandy. At length French scouts
" came in great haste, saying that the whole
" chivalry of the English were approaching
" quickly in three separate lines of battle, and
" were about to charge them. On hearing this
" the Scottish chiefs fell to wrangling among
" themselves as to which of them should take
" precedence, and much jealousy was stirred up;
" and thus disunited, divided, not thoroughly
" one in heart, they marched upon the field of
11 battle. The Frenchmen, however, who were at
" one among themselves, formed another line,
" while the Lombards and Germans were in re-
" serve in a third line.
' The French troops being thus drawn up,
' the English in like manner were drawn up in
11 three lines of battle, in the first of which was
" the earl of Salisbury, in the second John duke
" of Bedford, and in the third Frenchmen, Bur-
" gundians, and strangers. The Scots first charged
" the vanguard of the English, where was the
" earl of Salisbury, and made the greatest havoc
" of them. Bringing some of them to the ground,
" killing some and putting others to flight, they
" drove them back splendidly, forcing them to
" retreat upon the second column or line of battle.
" On seeing this, the Lombards and Germans
" and Gascons, who had armour on their horses
1/8 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
" as well as on their bodies and were all mounted,
" being unwilling to dismount, and thinking the
" victory declared for the French, began to fall
" upon the baggage behind and rear-guard; for
" they were as it were a flying column appointed
" to succour the others in time of need. And in
" fact at the first onset they charged the English
" archers and broke their ranks; and, on others
" coming up, they made a gap through them,
" and passed on to the booty, while the others,
11 in their terror, took to flight and joined the
" column of the duke of Bedford, where they
" rallied. And thus the English lords, inspirited
" by their arrival, renewed their battle cries,
" and, massing themselves in one body, returned
" and charged the ranks of the French and Scots,
" who, as already stated, were foolishly divided
" among themselves and allowed gaps in their
41 line. Wherefore the English, caught between
" the lines of the Lombards and the French, so
" that they had either to defend themselves or
" die in battle, made an effort, pushed between
" their lines, and finally gained the victory,
" cruelly and mercilessly killing all the lords and
" nobles. The Lombards, however, after they
" and their followers had taken the spoil, seeing
" the result of the battle, the cruel slaughter
11 and the flight of the French, retreated in a body
" without returning, and did not draw rein until
" they reached the river Loire, where they divided
" the spoil. And thus their plundering occasioned
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK 179
" the loss of the battle. After the victory, how-
" ever, the field was pillaged, and heralds sought
<4 out the bodies of the lords, to wit of the duke of
" Touraine, of the earl of Buchan, who was also
" the constable, and of James Douglas, the said
" duke's son; and their bodies were taken to
* Tours in a wagon, and were buried in one and
" the same grave in the cathedral church of the
" said city, in the middle of the choir. But the
" duke of Bedford, after gaining this victory,
" amid his pomp and vainglory was smitten with
" most loathsome leprosy on his return to Rouen,
" and expired, leaving the government to the
11 earl of Salisbury, who began to exercise the
" office of regent in the most overbearing man-
" ner.
XII. Sir Walter Buchanan, married Isobel
Stewart, daughter of Murdoch, Duke of Albany,
and Governor of Scotland. He had three sons :
(1) Patrick, his successor;
(2) Maurice, who was Treasurer to Princess
Margaret, daughter to King James I. of Scot-
land, and wife of the Dauphin of France, after-
wards Louis XL, and who accompanied her to
France, and was present at her death in the
year 1430. This Maurice Buchanan is supposed
by Mr. W. F. Skene to be the author of the
Liber Pluscardensis.
" He was," says Skene, 1 " a master of arts,
i Liber Pluscardensis, edited by Felix J. H. Skene. Preface,
page 21.
l8o BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
" as appears by the title of Maitre, but must
" have been quite a young man, and in Sir John
" Stewart's (of Darnley) suite, and therefore
" must have been in the town of Orleans when
" Joan of Arc raised the siege, and entered the
" town in May, 1429, only three months after
" Sir John Stewart's death. Maurice of Buchanan
" must have seen her, and known her, and may
" have been present at her death. After this he
11 returned to Scotland; for Bower, in narrating
" the voyage of the Princess Margaret to France
" in 1436, under the charge of the Bishop of Brechin
" and the Earl of Orkney, gives a list of her suite.
" In this list he gives the names of six knights.
" Then follow, ' Magistri Johannes Stewart, prae-
" positus de Methven, et Maurice de Buchanan,
" thesaurarius Delphinissae, clerici.' If Maurice
" of Buchanan was treasurer to the Dauphiness,
' he occupied a position that must have brought
" him into continual and close intercourse with
" her. He was also, as we see, a cleric, a Scots-
" man, and a Highlander of Lennox, and this
" combines in his person all the conditions indi-
" cated by the work itself."
" Pluscarden was a Cistertian Priory founded
" by Alexander the Second, and Spottiswood,
"in his account of it, adds, * It is commonly
" reported that the famous Book of Pluscarden,
" seen and perused by George Buchanan, was
" penned here/ I am indebted to Mr. Stuart
" for a passage in the history of the Abbots of
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK l8l
" Kinloss by Ferrerins, which bears that during
" the tenure of the abbacy by John Flutere,
" seventeenth Abbot from 1445 to 1460, the White
" monks were ejected from Pluscarden, and
" Black monks, or Benedictines, introduced.
" These monks seem to have come from Dun-
" fermline, for in the chartulary of Dunfermline
' there is, in 1454, a commission by the Abbot of
' Dunfermline to the Prior of Pluscarden, in
" which it is called * a cell of Dunfermline,' and
1 a convent now of the order of St. Benedict; '
" and 1456, another commission by the Abbot
11 of Dunfermline to William de Boyis, his sacris-
" tan, to visit the Priory of Pluscardyn, with a
" view to its reformation, a commission which
" ended in the usual way, for in 1460 we find
1 ' the Abbot confirming a deed granted by William
" de Boyis, Prior of the Priory of Pluscarden.
" In the following year, 1461, the author writes
" his history at the command of the Abbot of
" Dunfermline, which would be intelligible enough
"if he had then retired to Pluscarden, at that
" time a cell of Dunfermline, and under the Abbot's
* jurisdiction.
" The conclusion I come to is, therefore, that
11 the Liber Pluscardensis, or Book of Pluscarden,
" is the correct name of this work, and that it
" was probably compiled in the Priory of Plus-
" carden, in the year 1461, by Maurice Buchanan,
" who was a cleric, and had been treasurer to
11 the Dauphiness."
l82 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
(3) Thomas Buchanan, ancestor of Car-
beth.
XIII. Patrick Buchanan, who married one
Galbraith, heiress of Killearn, Bamoir and Auchin-
reoch, had (i) Walter, his successor, and (2)
Thomas Buchanan, ancestor of Drummikill, and
a daughter Anabella married to James Stewart of
Baldorrans.
XIV. Walter Buchanan, who married the
daughter of Lord Graham, had two sons:
(1) Patrick Buchanan, 1 who married the
daughter of the Earl of Argyle, was killed at the
battle of Flodden in the year 1513, in the life-
time of his father and left two sons, (i) George,
who succeeded his grandfather, and (2) Walter
Buchanan, ancestor of Spittal.
(2) John Buchanan, of Arnpryor and Gar-
tartan, ancestor of the family of Arnpryor.
XV. George Buchanan, who succeeded his
grandfather, Walter Buchanan of that Ilk, mar-
ried, first, Margaret Edmondstone, daughter of
the Laird of Duntreath, by whom he had (i) John, 2
who died before his father, married, first, Elizabeth
Levingstoun, daughter of Lord Levingstoun,
and had George, his successor; secondly, Helen
Chisholme, daughter of William, Bishop of Dun-
blane, by whom he had a daughter, Elizabeth,
married to Mr. Thomas Buchanan of Ibert, Lord
Privy Seal; second, Janet Cunninghame, daughter
(1) This Patrick Buchanan is designated by Auchmar as the 16th Laird of
Buchanan.
(2) Auchmar calls him the 18th Laird of Buchanan.
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK 183
of Cunninghame of Craigens, and widow of the
Laird of Houston. He had by this marriage,
(2) William, ancestor of Buchanan of Auchmar,
and a daughter Margaret, first married to Cun-
ninghame of Robertland, secondly to Stirling of
Glorat, and thirdly to Douglas of Mains. George,
Laird of Buchanan, was Sheriff-Principal of Dum-
bartonshire, and died i5th February, 1560-61.
XVII. Sir George Buchanan, succeeded his
grandfather, George, Laird of Buchanan, in 1561.
He married Lady Mary Graham, daughter of
John, Earl of Menteith, and had John and two
daughters, (i) Helen, who married Alexander
Colquhoun of Luss, and (2) Susanna, who married
John Macfarlane of that Ilk.
XVIII. Sir John Buchanan, who married
Annabel Erskine, daughter of Adam, Commenda-
tor of Cambuskenneth, son of the Master of Mar,
had, (i) George, his successor, and (2) Walter
Buchanan. This Sir John Buchanan "was,"
says Auchmar, " accounted the worst, if not the
" only bad one of all the Lairds of Buchanan;"
and by his frequent travels into foreign nations
and other extravagances had involved his estate
in such an immense debt that his grandson at first
found it inconvenient to enter as heir.
XIX. Sir George Buchanan, was Colonel of
the Stirlingshire Regiment, and lost a great many
of his regiment and kinsmen at the battle of
Ennerkeithing, in which he was taken prisoner,
and died in 1651. Of him Auchmar writes:
184 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
" George, third of that name, Laird of Bu-
" chanan, father to the late laird, who being
44 colonel of the Stirlingshire regiment, during the
44 whole of the civil wars in the reign of king
" Charles I., was with his regiment (most of the
44 officers and a good many of the soldiers thereof
44 being of his own name) at the battle of Dunbar,
" as also at the fatal conflict of Ennerkeithing ; at
; ' the last of which, Buchanan, with Sir John
14 Brown, colonel of Midlothian regiment, with
" their two regiments, stopped the passage of the
" English army over Forth for some days, and
" would have continued so to do till relief had
44 come from the king's grand army, then encamp-
11 ed at Stirling, had not major general Holborn,
11 commander in chief of that party of the Scot-
44 tish forces (biassed as was thought with Eng-
44 lish gold) commanded these brave gentlemen to
44 abandon their post, and allow the English free
44 passage, which when effected, the general drew
44 on these two regiments with that of brave Sir
4 Hector McLean, mostly composed of his own
14 name, to an engagement with the best part of
14 the English army; Holborn himself, with his
44 regiment of horse, wheeling off without firing
44 one shot, and leaving these three regiments of
' 4 foot to the mercy, or rather merciless rage of the
11 enemy, they after a most valiant resistance,
11 even much greater than could be expected
44 from their number, were in the end over-
44 powered, and mostly cut to pieces. The laird of
BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK 185
" McLean, with most of any account of his name,
" was killed, as also a vast number of the name
11 of Buchanan, the laird himself with Sir John
1 Brown, and some few other officers, being
" made prisoners, in which condition Buchanan
" continued unreleased till his death in the year
" 1651."
Sir George married Elizabeth Preston, only
daughter of Sir George Preston of Craigmillar.
He had one son, John and three daughters, (i)
Helen, who married Sir John Rollo of Bannock-
burn, (2) Agnes, who married James Stewart of
Rosyth (3) Jean or Janet, who married John
Leckie of that Ilk.
XX. John Buchanan, last Laird of Buchanan,
who married, first, in 1653, Lady Mary Erskine,
daughter of Henry, Lord Cardross ; and second, in
I ^77> Jean Pringle, daughter of Mr. Andrew
Pringle, a minister. By his first wife he had
a daughter, Elizabeth, married to James Stewart
of Ardvoirlich, by whom he had a daughter, Janet,
married to Henry Buchanan of Leny. In conse-
quence of the extravagances of his grandfather,
Sir John Buchanan, the last Laird succeeded to
a greatly encumbered estate, and being compelled
to compromise with the creditors he entered upon
the estate as singular successor. He died in
December, 1682, and his estate was purchased
from his creditors by James, third Marquis of
Montrose.
186 BUCHANANS OF THAT ILK
As given by Auchmar, the paternal arms of
the family of Buchanan are :
Or, a lion rampant sable, armed and langued
gules, within a double tressure, flowered and
counterflowered with flower-de-luces of the second.
Crest, a hand coupee holding up a ducal cap,
or duke's coronet, proper, with two laurel branches
wreathed surrounding the crest, disposed orleways
proper ; supported by two falcons garnished Or.
Ancient motto above the crest: Audaces
Juvo. Modern motto in compartment: Clamor
Hinc Honos
The Buchanans of Blairlusk.
James Buchanan, H.B.M. Consul
at New York.
The Buchanans of Blairlusk.
I. John Buchanan, of Gartincaber, the first
son of the second marriage of Thomas Buchanan,
3rd Laird of Carbeth, and third in direct descent
from Sir Walter Buchanan, i3th Laird of Buchanan
(who lived about 1443), was born in 1545 and
acquired the lands of Gartincaber. He had two
sons, (i) George of Gartincaber and (2) William.
II. George Buchanan, of Gartincaber, mar-
ried Elizabeth Leckie, and had four sons, the
eldest, John, to whom his father gave the lands
of Blairluisk or Blairlusk.
III. John Buchanan, of Blairlusk, had two
sons, (i) George of Blairlusk and (2) William.
IV. George Buchanan, of Blairlusk, was
born in 1648, succeeded his father in 1662, and
having sold his estate of Blairlusk to his brother,
William, went to Ireland. He settled at Deroran
in the County of Tyrone, in 1674, and married,
in 1675, Elizabeth Mayne, and had four sons : (i)
John of Tyrone, ancestor of James Buchanan,
H. B. M. Consul at New York from 1816 to 1843;
(2) William of Tyrone, from whom the Buchanans
of Meadville, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., are said to be
190 THE BUCHANANS OF BLAIRLUSK
descended; (3) George of Munster, from whom the
Buchanans of Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.A., are
said to be descended ; and (4) Thomas of Ramel-
ton in Donegal, said to be the ancestor of James
Buchanan, who became President of the United
States. 1
V. John Buchanan, of Tyrone, who was
born about 1676 ; married, in 1703, Catherine Black,
and had a son John, and others.
VI. John Buchanan, of Donaghanie, near
Omagh, was born in 1704; married first, in 1735,
Jane Nixon, and by her (who died in 1736) had
one son, (i) John of Omagh ; secondly, in 1738,
Mary Orr, and had issue, besides a daughter, (2)
William, of Deroran, (3) Andrew, and (4) Patrick.
VII. John Buchanan, of Omagh, was born
in 1736. He married, first, Jane Long, who died
without issue ; and, secondly, in 1770, Sarah,
daughter of James Sproule, of Granan, near Dro-
more, Co. Tyrone, and sister of Oliver Sproule,
Esq., M.D. He was a Commissioner to value the
glebe house upon a death. He died at Omagh,
on the 1 3th October, 1820, aged 84 years. His
wife died there on the 3oth April, 1822, in her 7ist
year. They were buried in Donaghanie Church
Yard, near Omagh. They had issue:
(I) James Buchanan, H. B. M. Consul at
New York, of whom hereafter.
i " Strathendrick," by J. Guthrie Smith, page 351. James
Maclehose & Sons, Glasgow, 1896
THE BUCHANANS OF BLAIRLUSK IQI
(II) Jane, married to James Robinson,
brewer, of Londonderry, and subsequently of
Niagara, Canada, and had issue, among others,
Sarah Jane, married in 1832 to James Jay, of
Litley Court, Herefordshire, and a Magistrate
for the City of Hereford, and Helena, married
to Surgeon Waters, of Birr, Ireland. 1
(Ill) John Buchanan of Lisnamallard,
Co. Tyrone, born in 1779, and died at Omagh
on the 1 2th January, 1842. He acquired the
estate of Lisnamallard in 1828. He married,
in April, 1820, Mary Jane, daughter of James
Blacker, a Sheriff's Peer and Police Magis-
trate of Dublin, and had issue:
(1) John Blacker, Acting Clerk of the
Peace for the County of Tyrone and Agent
of the Earl of Charlemont, d.s.p. 1862;
(2) Jane Elizabeth;
(3) Sarah, d.s.p.;
(4) James, d.s.p. ;
(5) George, of Keston Tower, Kent, born
in 1827, M. I. C. E.; married, in 1860, Ger-
trude, daughter of George Armitage, D. L.
Yorks, and died, s.p. 7th June, 1897;
(6) Elizabeth, d.s.p. ;
(7) William, d.s.p.;
imes Jay, ESQ., of Litley Court, Herefordshire, Magistrate
for the City of Hereford; born 1808, married 1832, Sarah, daughter
of James Robinson, Esq., and by her had, with other
Tames Albert Buchanan, Captain 3rd Royal Lancashire Militia,
born 1838, married 1869, Alice Marianne, daughter of James T.
Hill, of Hull, and by her, who died 3rd November, 1907, had issue
a daughter.
192 THE BUCHANANS OF BLAIRLUSK
(8) Mansergh George, d.s.p. ;
(9) Alexander Carlisle, of Riverdale,
Omagh, and late of Morden, Manitoba,
Canada, born in 1834; married, in 1863,
Anna Sophia, daughter of D. Wilson, and
died leaving issue :
(1) George Alexander, of Morden, mar-
ried Nora Clutterbuck of Bath, and has
issue.
(2) John, who volunteered for active
service in South Africa and served in the
Strathcona Horse.
(1) Mabel, married to Richard Heckels,
and has issue.
(2) Jane Gertrude, married to Arnold
Bo wen, and has issue.
(3) Florence, married to Gustavus Pig-
gott, and has issue.
(4) Bertha Violet, married to Charles H.
Edwards, and has issue.
(10) Colonel Lewis Mansergh Buchanan,
C.B., F.R.G.S., F.R. Met. Soc., ofEdenfel
and Lisnamallard, near Omagh, Co. Tyrone,
late Colonel commanding the Fourth Batta-
lion Enniskillen Fusiliers, born 3ist Decem-
ber, 1836; joined Royal Tyrone Fusiliers
Militia in 1855, and volunteered with 80
men to the Army in the Crimea in 1856 ; was
gazetted to the 88th Connaught Rangers,
with which distinguished Regiment he
served through the Indian Mutiny, including
COL, I.KWIS M. BUCHANAN, C.B.
THE BUCHANANS OF BLAIRLUSK 193
the actions at Cawnpore under Major Gen-
eral Windham, battle of Cawnpore, capture
of Lucknow, operations in the Doab with
the Column under Colonel G. V. Maxwell, to
whom he was Orderly Officer, and siege and
capture of Calpee, receiving medal and clasp ;
rejoined Royal Tyrone Fusiliers in 1862, and
commanded the Battalion from 1887 to
1897. He is the author of " Last Winter in
Spain," "Through the Himalayas and
Chinese Thibet," and " The Climate of
Ulster." He married first, in 1862, Eleanor
Margaret, daughter of William Whitla and
Elizabeth Buchanan, and by her (who died
in 1877) has issue:
(1) Lt. Colonel John Blacker Buchanan,
R.A.M.C., born 26th April, 1863; educated
at Sherborne and Dublin University ; served
in the South African War, 1899-1901, and
took part in the relief of Ladysmith and
was mentioned in the despatches ; married
25th October, 1894, Mary Louisa, daughter
of Rev. A. A. Harland, Harefield, Middle-
sex, and has issue: (i) Dora Mary, died
June, 1895 ; ( 2 ) Helen Margaret and (3)
Evaleen Mary, twins; (4) Mary Elizabeth.
(2) Lewis Ernest, Major Fourth Battalion
Royal Enniskillen Fusiliers, born 4th Sep-
tember, 1868; volunteered for active service
in South Africa and served in the South
African War; married, 3rd December, 1903,
IQ4 TH E BUCHANANS OF BLAIRLUSK
Constance Kate, daughter of Frederick S.
Goulding, Brockley, Kent, and has issue:
(i) Joyce E. and (2) Audrey E.
(3) Mansergh George Reginald, born yth
September, 1870.
(4) Calvert James Strong, born loth
July, 1872 ; served through the South Afri-
can War with the Rhodesian Horse and was
severely wounded.
(1) Ellen Elizabeth, married to William
P. Grubb, of Bessbrook, and has issue.
(2) Mary Jane Eleanor, married to Ef-
fingham MacDowel, M.D., F.R.C.S., of
Sligo, and has issue.
(3) Alice Lilian, married to Charles Hope,
of Chatham House, Trowbridge, Kent, and
has issue.
(4) Eleanor a Agnes, married Sept. 3, 1902,
to Colonel Mackenzie Churchill, late Military
Secretary, Ceylon, and has issue.
Colonel Buchanan married, secondly, in
1878, Wilhelmina, daughter of George A.
Molony, R.M.
(IV) George Buchanan, born in 1782,
sometime Hearth and Window Collector at
Belfast and Chief Distributor of Stamps for
Co. Tyrone, died s.p. in 1869.
(V) William Buchanan, born i4th July,
1785; married in June, 1814, Anne Hazlett,
daughter of George Hazlett, of Londonderry,
who died in Ireland. He went to Canada and
THE BUCHANANS OF BLAIRLUSK
settled at Yamaska, Lower Canada, where he
had steam mills. He became a Justice of the
Peace for the District of Three Rivers, and
died at Montreal on the i6th August, 1834,
leaving a daughter, Ann. She was born in
Londonderry on the nth June, 1816, and was
married at Montreal on the 22nd August, 1834,
to Henry McFarlane, of London, afterwards
of Rocky Hill, New Jersey (born in April,
1810, at Boston, and died nth March, 1887, at
Rocky Hill). She died nth November, 1886.
They had issue :
(i.) Henry McFarlane, born i8th June,
i835;d.s.p. 24th October, 1858.
(2) William Buchanan McFarlane, born
3rd May, 1844.
(3) George Elliot McFarlane, born 6th
November, 1848.
(1) Anne McFarlane, married Abram
Voorhees, of Rocky Hill, N.J., and left issue.
(2) Marie McFarlane, married Claude
Chateaux, of Pau, France, and left issue.
(3) Helen McFarlane, married Rev.
Lewis Henry Lighthipe, of Orange, N.J.,
and left issue.
(4) Laura Elizabeth McFarlane.
(5) Flora McFarlane.
(6) Alice Frances McFarlane.
(7) Catherine Estelle McFarlane.
(8) Mary McFarlane.
196 THE BUCHANANS OF BLAIRLUSK
(VI) Alexander Carlisle Buchanan, born
in 1786; went to Canada and became His
Majesty's Agent for Emigrants at Quebec.
He wrote " Emigration Practically Considered,
with detailed Directions to Emigrants proceed-
ing to British North America," published in
8vo. in 1826. A second edition was brought
out in 1834. He returned to Ireland, and
died s.p. at Omagh, on the i3th April, 1840;
and
(VII) Sarah Caroline, born in 1793, was
married, first, on the 3oth March, 1812, at
Omagh, to Captain Joseph Orr, of the East
Norfolk Regiment, who resided at Salem, near
Londonderry, Ireland (he died on the 6th
May, 1826, from the effects of a fall from a
horse) ; secondly, at Cappagh, Tyrone, on the
23rd September, 1829, to James Marks, of New
Road, Fitzroy Square, London, and died
without issue on the 1 6th November, 1862, at
Kingstown near Dublin, Ireland.
JAMES BUCHANAN.
H. B. M. Consul at New York.
James Buchanan, H.B.M. Consul
at New York.
James Buchanan was born at Strathroy,
near Omagh, County Tyrone, Ireland, on the
ist February, 1772. When he was two years
old his father removed to Omagh, where he
received his education. Upon the advice of Mr.
Alexander Carlisle, an Irish solicitor, he studied
law, and accompanied Mr. Carlisle on circuit to
the Liffy Assizes. He states that in the year
1787 he set out for Dublin on horse-back, there
being at that time no stages, for the purpose of
being formally indentured to Mr. Henry Gower,
Solicitor, the Dublin agent of Mr. Carlisle, and
having signed his Articles he returned home until
the next term. As for the first two years of his
clerkship he was only required to attend the
Hilary and Trinity Terms, he remained at Omagh
acting as Mr. Carlisle's clerk and looking after
his business, but the next three years he attended
all the Terms.
In 1 79 1, he made the acquaintance of Mr. and
Mrs. Francis Tempest Brady, whose son, Maziere
Brady, 1 in 1822, married Elizabeth, daughter
i Maziere Brady, born 2oth July, 1786, married a 6th July,
1823, Elizabeth Ann (who died i$th June, 1858), daughter of Bever
Buchanan, Esq., of Dublin. He became Lord Chancellor of Ireland,
was created a Baronet, and died in 1871, being succeeded by his
son, Francis William Brady, now Sir Francis Brady, K.C., County
Court Judge of Tyrone.
198 JAMES BUCHANAN, II.B.M. CONSUL
of Bever Buchanan, of Dublin, and became Lord
Chancellor of Ireland, and of Richard Robinson,
brother of James Robinson, of Dublin, afterwards
of Londonderry, brewer, who married his sister,
Jane Buchanan. At that time Mr. Brady lived
at No. 1 8 Parliament Street, Dublin, where he
carried on the business of lace manufacturer and
hatter. This Bever Buchanan died on the ist
January, 1813, aged thirty years, " upon his
return from a party at which he had appeared in
good health and spirits."
In 1792, upon his admission to the practice
of the law, he took lodgings with the Robinsons
and occupied their second floor for three years.
It was here that, in 1792, he met Miss Sarah
Hodgson, whose father lived at Workington, in
Cumberland, in England. Through her mother,
who was a near relative of Mrs. Brady, he made
her a proposal of marriage, which was accepted,
and in the month of September, 1794, he went
to Cumberland. All arrangements were made
for the wedding, which, however, never took place
on account of her sudden death. He says:
" I was vain enough to take a man servant
" with me, and went to Mr. Hodgson's house,
" where I resided with a very interesting family,
" two gentlemen and three ladies, and most
" respectably connected, where I was handsomely
" entertained. The use of a servant then was to
" dress my hair, wearing powder, such was es-
" sential. After a week or ten days, our marriage
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 199
" was fixed, but Sarah having taken cold, a fever
" ensued, which confined her to bed, and as I
" had to be back in Dublin before the first of
:< November, to attend Term, the family thought
" she would be able to go to church, and having
" been dressed, I aided her downstairs, but she
" fainted and had to return to bed. I therefore
" determined to proceed by way of Liverpool to
" Dublin, which I did a day or two after ; and when
" I reached Liverpool, where her brother, an
" attorney, resided, he next morning received a
" letter of Sarah's death. To describe my feelings
" is out of the question, nor shall I attempt it. I
" deemed it the heaviest calamity that could
"befall me. There was a meekness and total
11 absence of vanity on account of her personal
" attractions that rendered her, in the eyes of all,
" more lovely and interesting."
About this time, a contested election of the
City of Londonderry was the means of introducing
him to the notice of the Government. " Mr.
" Carlisle," he says, " being a freeman of the city,
" and so confined with the gout determined on
1 ' being as it were carried to Deny, and I accom-
" panied him and helped him into bed and to put
" on his clothes. We arrived on the last day of
' ' the election. The candidates were Sir George Hill
" and Henry Alexander, a nephew of Lord Caledon.
" His (Alexander's) father had been an alderman
" and built a splendid house near the City of
" Deny. Sir George Hill was the son of the
2OO JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
" Collector of the Port. On proceeding to the
" poll Mr. Carlisle had to be borne in an armchair
" over the heads of the people and voted for Mr.
" Alexander, and I believe his was the last vote.
" In a few hours Mr. Alexander came to the Inn
" to return thanks to Mr. Carlisle and to express
" his gratitude that being so ill he should incur the
" risk of the journey, and quite unexpected I,
11 of course, was in the room, and having asked
" Mr. Carlisle how he should prove his gratitude,
11 Mr. Carlisle replied he had no request as to
" himself, but he came on account of the young man
" present, and any service he should render him
" was all he had to ask. I was not expecting this,
" upon which Mr. Alexander assured me that on
" all occasions he would feel most happy to serve
" me, and I must add, while I deemed it of little
" importance at the time, yet through life he
''faithfully fulfilled his promise."
His income derived from his practice soon
permitted him to keep a saddle horse in Dublin
and to take additional lodgings at the Black Rock,
to which he rode daily.
" Disaffection and rebellion," he says, " was
" fast spreading in Ireland in 1793 and 1794 under
" different names, chiefly among all denominations
" but the Church of England, as only the mem-
11 bers of that church were appointed to office and
" to the Magistracy, but the Test Act having been
" repealed, by which I, the son of a Presbyterian,
" was put on the same footing as any other subject,
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 2OI
" I was determined to hold by the Crown though
44 none of my family held any office.
44 Having called a public meeting to raise a
" Corps of Volunteers in Omagh, Mr. Galbraith,
' Lord Belmore's agent, a magistrate and of
44 great might, felt my assumption a reproach and
" he set on foot a company. I could take no
41 command as residing in Dublin, but I induced a
44 Mr. Smyley, a gentleman of respectability, and a
44 Mr. Simpson, an active young man in Omagh, to
" become officers, and selected some influential
14 men to be sergeants. In consequence of these
" efforts a day was fixed for accepting the service
44 of one or other of the companies. My squad
44 was drawn up before my father's house; Mr.
44 Galbraith's at his home. The officer arrived, and,
" having briefly heard the facts as to my having
" started the idea, sanctioned my company, and
44 they were forthwith drilled, clothed, and held
" their position during all the troubles."
In 1796, he joined the "Attorneys' Corps,"
which was raised that year in Dublin. Each
company was composed of 100 men, and no man
under six feet was admitted into the grenadier
company. He not being of the required height
was placed in the rear guard. The silver
plate, a buckle with the letters A. C. and the date
1 796 with the arms of Ireland on it, which belonged
to him is still in the family.
It was about this time that he bought the house
No. 44 William Street in Dublin, which he occupied
2O2 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
until he removed to Omagh. This house had
belonged to Mr. Henry Alexander.
The Rebellion of 1798 having widely spread,
James Buchanan was introduced by Mr. Alexander
to Mr. Hamilton, Under Secretary of State, who
consulted him as to what should be done to
counteract the efforts of the disaffected in the
County of Tyrone, and as a result he was vested
with authority to take such steps as circumstances
might call forth. He relates the part which he
played in the Rebellion.
" I proceeded," he says, "on horseback to
" Omagh (from Dublin), with my hair up under
" my hat without powder, as croppies were the
" most of the Rebels. On the day I left Dublin an
" express had arrived of the defeat of the Rebels
" at I forget the place. On arriving at Drogheda,
11 when I got to the Inn, before I had alighted
" from my horse, numbers asked what was the
" news as they saw I came from Dublin, which
" I told with a degree of pleasure. After I had
" put my horse in, a gentleman followed me, and
" asked me when I intended to start. ' Then, sir,
" if you are going to stay all night, you must come
" to my house, for your life is not safe.' I then
" told him I would order my horse to be made up
" for the night, and if he would get me the pass-
" word, as soon as the sentinels were placed I
" would order my horse and proceed on all night,
' ' for did I stay word would be passed and I would
;< be attacked on the way. This was approved, the
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 2O3
" password was obtained, and about ten o'clock
" I went to see my horse. I told the hostler to
" saddle and I mounted in the yard and rode off,
" none seeing me. I rode all night, and on coming
" to Castle Blaney, after feeding my horse which
:< was tired, having rode about 40 Irish miles, I got
"off to walk up a long hill. I fell in with two
" girls. I asked them had I any friends. On this
" question being regarded as a Croppy Rebel from
" my hair being up under my hat, and I lied by
"telling them I had made my escape from the
" battle referred to. They at once urged me to
" come to their father's house, where I would be
" safe ; that Lord Blaney was friendly to the Rebels.
" They assured me there was not a house but
;< had a pike. This information astonished me,
" and seeing men coming up I told the girls I was
11 afraid of my life in being followed, and mucl)
" to their surprise and astonishment I mounted
" quickly and darted off. If the men had come
" up and the girls knew them, my lie, always a bad
" refuge, would have led me into a serious difficulty.
" I had determined to sleep at Mrs. Maxwell's,
" nearly four miles from Monaghan, and while I
" was descending a hill I saw two men, each with
M a long pole for pike handles. With a foolish
" hardihood, I dashed at one of the men, seized
" the pike handle and galloped off. On reaching
" Mrs. Maxwell's I threw down the pike and told
" her my story in the presence of a number of
11 persons. On coming from the stable she told
204 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
" me I must go away or my life would not be safe.
" Having rode about 60 Irish miles and my fine
" horse tired I told her I would, but the people must
" not know I am going away that night, though I
11 anticipated to start in safety; so at a late hour
" my horse was got ready and I proceeded and
" reached Omagh the next morning in safety, and
" made known the glad tidings referred to. Omagh
"was the head-quarters of the Queen's County
" Militia, commanded by Lord Portarlington, who
" had taken from the inhabitants all their arms
" as if they were Rebels, while no community in
" the North was more truly loyal. I remonstrated
" on the consequences, and pressed His Lordship
" to restore the arms to me. At first he refused,
" and stated he would withdraw his sentinels.
" Whereupon I stated I would furnish that night
"60 of the most devoted loyal men who would
" mount guard if he did so. Upon which he
" desisted. The next day I sent for several in-
" fluential men and the Presbyterian clergy, and
" held a meeting and prepared an address to the
' Lord Lieutenant. At this meeting I was enabled
" to state that forthwith in the district 5000 loyal
" men would be enrolled and place themselves
" under the orders of officers appointed by His
" Majesty, and would serve for the preservation
" of the County without pay, so that the regular
" troops might be withdrawn. The next morning
" I proceeded to Dublin with this address to the
" Lord Lieutenant, and it so happened that an
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 20$
" express the same morning reached the Castle
" of the Rebellion in the North, and that Lord
" O'Neill was killed and the whole North was in
" rebellion. Most opportune my address, coming
" at the same hour. Placards were posted through
" the city of my arrival with the address referred
" to, and it was deemed of great importance, and
" my reception was gratifying. Bringing up this
" address opened to me the doors of the Castle, and
" I was frequently informed of matters to see if I
" could be of any service. Mr. Pelham, afterwards
" Duke of Newcastle, having succeeded Lord
11 Castlereagh, was very communicative to me,
" and preferred referring to me than to the usual
" channels of information."
Having thus obtained a certain amount of
influence with the Government, he secured for his
brother, George Buchanan, the appointment of
Hearth and Window Collector of Belfast, and got
a distant relation appointed to the Customs.
He thus refers to his connection with the Regium
Donum: "About this time (1798) orders had
" come to ascertain the effect of extending the
11 Regium Donum to the Presbyterian Clergy, to
" insure their adhesion to the Crown. The North
" of Ireland being the chief place where Pres-
11 byterians have influence, Mr. Alexander was
" enquired of to point out some Presbyterians to
" whom the Lord Lieutenant could refer the sub-
" ject, and quite unexpected I was named, though
" a young man, yet would be able to give a fair view
2C)6 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
" of the case. The day was appointed for me to
" attend the Lord Lieutenant; only Mr. Secretary
" Pelham was present. I had no specific informa-
" tion of the object (of the meeting), and upon His
" Excellency putting the question to me, what
" would be the effect of the proposed increase of
" the measure, I stated that I was not aware
" fully of the subject, but viewing the proposition
" as a prudent measure no doubt could arise but
" such would ensure the attachment of the Clergy
" to the Crown. * But your Excellency must
" pardon me viewing the measure as one of policy.
" Why not extend it to the Roman Clergy?'
" His Lordship asked me what were their number.
11 This I could not answer. He asked me what
" I would propose. I answered, 100 yearly to
" each. From their great number he would not
" recommend such an expense. My answer was,
" ' Not the expense of a regiment of horse, my
"Lord/ At that time the priests would have
"accepted it and thereby placed themselves on
" the same footing as other dissenters. Some
" years afterwards I met Mr. Pelham, then, I
" believe, Duke of Newcastle; he crossed to meet
" me, and after a few observations he stated, 'I
11 shall never forget your Regiment of Horse.' '
He now married, and has left an account of the
way he met his wife. " A relative of mine, Bever
" Buchanan, a young apothecary, having studied
" in Dublin, determined to set up business. A
" friend of mine advised him to select the city
KLI/ARETH BUCHANAN
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 2O/
" quay, which he did. Mr. Clarke, my wife's
" father, had an establishment there for the accom-
" modation of vessels, and his son John, who had
"regularly worked in the forges for five years,
" chiefly attended at that shop, which being next
" to Buchanan's shop, he frequently went in
" there to rest. There I became acquainted with
" him and then with the family, and from thence
" my marriage with my dear old wife. From
" my intimacy with the Bradys, I introduced
' Bever Buchanan there; the result was he married
" the sister of Mrs. Brady. The son of Mr. Brady
11 having married the daughter of Bever Buchanan,
" the apothecary, who was his cousin, the same
" Maziere Brady is now Lord Chancellor of Ireland,
" and Bever Buchanan's daughter is the wife of
" the Lord Chancellor."
All these events, as well as the marriage of
James Robinson to his sister Jane, he attributed
to a Sunday expedition to Kingston in the year
1791, on which occasion he rowed Mr. and Mrs.
Brady and Richard Robinson across the Bay.
His marriage with Elizabeth Clarke took
place at the house of her father, Mr. James Clarke,
Aston Quay, Dublin, on the 28th of December,
1798; the Reverend Mr. Horner officiated, and Mr..
Cheyne Brady, brother of Mr. Brady, was the
groomsman. His wife, Elizabeth Clarke, was born
at Dublin on the i3th November, 1779. Her
father, James Clarke, died at Ringsend, near
Dublin, on the i4th March, 1823, in his 86th year.
2O8 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
He was married three times. His first wife, mother
of all his children, was Elizabeth Stockdale; his
second, Mary Mack; and his third, who survived
him, Elizabeth Courtney.
In 1799, a proposition having been made in
Parliament to supply Dublin with coals, James
Buchanan was appointed to examine and report
on coal mines in England, and in pursuance of this
he visited several of them. Having approved
of the scheme, he was authorized to prepare
a dock near the city for that purpose, but the
Union having taken place the measure was never
realized.
In the year 1800 he gave up his profession, and
on the 1 2th of November of that year bought
the estate of " Lisanelly," near Omagh, from Sir
John Stewart, Bart., for 4500, and caused the
old house to be fitted up and offices built, and in
the spring of 1801 caused extensive plantations to
be made, so that, he says, " the place which I
" called Farm Hill became truly attractive, and
11 so important did Sir John Stewart deem having
11 a residence at Omagh, that taking into considera-
" tion my improvements he purchased back the
" property from me in the year 1802 for 8,000."
He was appointed a Magistrate for the
County of Tyrone, previous to his removal to
" Woodbrook," near Baron's Court, the Marquis
of Abercorn's demesne, two miles from Newton
Stewart. He says: " From having nothing to do
" at Woodbrook, I felt time very heavy, and ad-
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 2(X)
4 joining my house was a linen Black Green, oc-
44 cupied by a Mr. Lane. In the North of Ireland
4 the linen merchants were and are still the most
44 respectable class, arising from the nature of the
14 trade, all purchased with cash and sold for cash.
14 Mr. Lane urged me to take up that business, and
11 rinding that a situation for Black Mills, etc.,
14 had been partly erected at a place called Cam-
44 owen about 3 miles from Omagh, without special
14 prayer to God for guidance, or even consulting
14 with prudent men, I went to Duncannon and
11 purchased the farm, including what preparation
14 had been made by Mr. Wilcox, for 700 pounds,
" and thus became linen merchant. On purchasing
14 the grounds I named them Common Green, and
14 then I expended above 2,000 on completing
" the work begun, and the Black yard was fully
44 occupied by others as well as myself , and cer-
44 tainly afforded me full and interesting employ-
44 ment."
From 1804 to 1815 he lived at Common Green,
and having sunk about 3000 in these mills, and
finding himself unequal to the management, he
determined to seek an office under Government.
On the 3rd of January, 1815, he let his Green and
house, and on the 8th of April auctioned his stock
and crop at Common Green.
He was confident that his application for
employment would be successful, as he says:
" Having rendered service to the present Marquis
" of Londonderry, who as the Honorable Mr.
2IO JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
44 Stewart succeeded in his election for the County
11 Deny; with the friendship of Sir John Stewart
44 and the Duke of Newcastle, I was led to think I
" stood a good chance."
On the ist of May he sailed with his family
from Dublin to Liverpool. He first took lodgings
for his family at Chester and later removed to
London, where, he says, " I met a gentleman who
44 had resided for some time at Baltimore, and
44 informed of the Consulate being vacant he
44 spoke so highly of it as far preferable to New
14 York, that procuring all my documents and
44 letters as to my service during the Rebellion in
44 Ireland, and supporting the Abercorn interest in
44 Tyrone and Lord Castlereagh's brother in the
44 County Deny ; I was also favoured with a letter
44 from Sir George Hill, the member for the City
44 of Deny, and thus armed I proceeded to Paris,
' 4 as His Lordship was then at Paris. Mr.
41 was Private Secretary, who kindly took posses-
41 sion of the documents and applied for the Con-
4 4 sulate of Baltimore. The next day I was honoured
41 with a letter to the Acting Secretary in London,
44 that His Lordship had granted my request.
" On arrival in London I proceeded to the Foreign
4< Office and was kindly received, when the gentle-
41 man asked me why I had not applied for New
44 York, upon which I entreated his pardon in
14 asking him if he had any particular friend for
44 whom he was interested, and that if he had not
" I would return direct to Paris. He said he had
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 211
" not, but as Lord Castlereagh was returning then, I
11 would not be likely to reach Paris before he left
" it. But I proceeded that night, and never
" slept until I reached Paris and waited on Mr.
. I stated my anxiety as to New York
" which my connections with the County Deny ren-
" dered more desirable, for at the time I was not
" aware of the superiority of New York. In
" two days I was honoured with a letter to the
" Secretary in London, approving of the transfer,
" and away I went to London. This was early
11 in September, 1815."
He was granted permission to delay his de-
parture until the spring, and in order that his
children might obtain some idea of the French
language he removed with his family to Boulogne,
where he took a house and remained until the gth
of February, 1816.
In the London Gazette of the loth February,
1816, his appointment is there gazetted:
11 FOREIGN OFFICE, Feb. 10.
" His Royal Highness the Prince Regent has
been pleased, in the name and on the behalf of
His Majesty, to appoint James Buchanan, Esq., to
be His Majesty's Consul at New York."
On the 3rd of April, 1816, he says; " At ten
41 o'clock in the forenoon I embarked with my
" family, all but John Stewart, whom we left at
'\Omagh with my father and mother, as also
212 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
" having George Buchanan, son of my uncle,
11 Patrick Buchanan, Charles Caldwell, 2 servant
" maids, Peggy Forbes, Mary Devlin and Margaret
" Hamilton, in the ship 'Alexander Buchanan,'
"221 tons registered, when after a stormy passage
" it pleased God to land us safe after a passage
"of 46 days at New York," where he landed on
the 2ist of May and established himself at Bloom-
ingdale.
James Buchanan has left the following account
of his family, written on the ist October, 1834,
in his sixty-third year:
" Having removed from Ireland to America,
" which is likely to become the country of my
" posterity, the following facts may, at some
" remote period, prove interesting to some of them.
" My father's name was John Buchanan. He
" was the eldest son of John Buchanan, of Dona-
11 ghanie, near Omagh, in the County of Tyrone.
11 His mother, who was named Nixon, died in 1736,
11 while he was young, leaving him her only issue.
11 My grandfather married again Elizabeth Orr,
" by whom he had Patrick, William and Andrew
" Buchanan, and Elizabeth, who intermarried with
" John Morris. My father married, first, Jane Long,
" only daughter of a very respectable inhabitant
44 of Omagh, who died without issue; secondly,
" my mother, Sarah Sproule, daughter of James
" Sproule, of Granan, near Dromore, in the County
*' of Tyrone. All these parties named were gentle-
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 213
44 men farmers living on their own lands and pos-
4 4 sessing abundance of the good things of this life.
44 My father occupied a farm called 'Strathroy,'
" now forming part of the Earl of Blessington's
44 demesne, near Cappagh Church, where I was bom
44 on the ist day of February, 1772. He afterwards
" removed to Omagh, where he purchased a piece
" of ground and built a tenement in which he lived
14 many years, and which now belongs to my
14 brother John. My father wished to make me
" an architect, but my mother wished to give me
" a good education, intending me for the law.
14 She failed in the former but succeeded in the
14 latter. A Mr. Alexander Carlisle, a very eminent
44 solicitor residing in Omagh, became a resident
" in my father's family, and being much afflicted
14 with gout he could not attend Term in Dublin,
44 and had a partner, a Mr. Henry Gower, to whom
44 I was articled for five years. In the year 1788,
" by reason of Mr. Carlisle's bad state of health,
44 I had to attend to the business, and as soon as I
14 was out of my clerkship he relinquished it to me.
4 I thus commenced early in full practice, resided
44 in Dublin, purchased a house on William Street,
14 and on the 24th day of December, 1 798, 1 married
14 Elizabeth Clark, eldest daughter of James Clarke,
44 of Aston Quay, iron founder. Mr. Clarke had
14 two sons and two daughters.
44 (i) John, the eldest, married Maria Kenny of
44 Ballinrabe, in the County of Mayo. He died
214 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
" some years ago, leaving his widow andanumer-
" ous family in good circumstances.
" (2) William, who married a Miss Manders,
" and died, leaving two sons and two daughters.
" (3) Elizabeth, my wife.
" (4) Mary Ann, who married the late John
" Ledbetter, of College Green, Dublin, who died,
" leaving two daughters. She married again the
" Rev. Samuel Simpson, Presbyterian Clergyman,
" and both resided in Dublin, having children.
" At the time of my father's and mother's
" death, who both died full of years, leaving all
" their children in the enjoyment of abundance,
" to wit,
" (i) Myself, their eldest.
" (2) My brother John, who married Mary
" Jane, daughter of James Blacker, a Sheriff's
" Peer and Police Magistrate of Dublin.
" (3) George, unmarried. He and John both
" residing at Omagh.
" (4) William, married a daughter of the late
" George Haslet of Londonderry, who died several
" years ago in Ireland, leaving only one daughter,
" named Ann, who, in 1834, intermarried with
" Henry McFarlane, of London. My late brother
" William died at Montreal of the cholera in 1834.
" (5) Alexander Carlisle, unmarried, His Majes-
" ty's Agent for Emigrants, residing at Quebec.
" (6) Jane, who intermarried with James
11 Robinson, now residing at the City of the Falls,
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 215
" having a numerous family, two of her daughters
" having married; one, Sarah Jane, to a Mr. Jay
" of Hereford, in England, an eminent solicitor;
" the other, Helena, married Surgeon Waters,
" residing at Birr, Ireland.
" (7) Sarah, who had intermarried with Joseph
" Orr, who died, leaving her a widow, when in
" 1829, she again married Mr. Marks, of New
" Road, Fitzroy Square, where she now resides.
" In the year 1799 I purchased Lisanelly, near
" Omagh, from Sir John Stewart, for which I paid
" 4400 pounds, and I built a house there and called
" it ' Farm Hill,' where my daughter, Mary Ann,
" was born in the year 1802. Three years after I
" sold it (with improvements and other lands I
" had purchased) back to Sir John Stewart at
" 4000 pounds profit. I then removed to ' Wood-
" brook/ near Baron's Court, the seat of the
" Marquis of Abercorn, and under the late Marquis
" raised and commanded the Baron's Court Corps
" of Yeomanry. During the previous year I
" was appointed a Magistrate of the County of
" Tyrone. In 1803 I purchased ' Common Green '
" from Mr. Wilcox, for which I paid 900 pounds,
11 and erected black yard and buildings with other
" improvements on which I expended about 3000
" pounds. In order to aid my brother-in-law,
1 James Robinson, I became a sharer in a brewery
" at Londonderry, in which I sunk about 2500
" pounds. My removal to Common and my
" residence there is adverted to in my narrative
2l6 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
" of my ' Religious Views.' The influence I pos-
" sessed in Tyrone with the weight of my family
11 connections , as also in Londonderry, enabled me
' to promote the interest of the late Sir John
" Stewart in Tyrone, and the present Marquis of
" Londonderry in the County of Londonderry,
" in their respective elections, by reason whereof,
" and from my services as a Magistrate and
" Yeomanry Officer in Tyrone, the late Marquis of
' ' Londonderry recommended me to His Majesty as
" Consul for New York, where I arrived in the
14 month of May, 1816. From the personal in-
" fluence I had with the Marquis, then Lord Castle-
" reagh, and from my representations of the
" policy of drawing the stream of emigration
" from the United States to Canada, I obtained
" the privilege of forwarding to Canada and grant-
" ing land to such British subjects as were desirous
" of leaving the United States. The first body of
" emigrants I forwarded were chiefly from Mona-
" ghan and Cavan, and through the influence of Dr.
" Baldwin of York, Upper Canada (now the city
" of Toronto), two townships were laid out by the
" Lieuten ant-Governor for those I should send,
" and were named Monaghan and Cavan. That
" circumstance first led me to look to Canada.
" From not having made any charge for my services
" in forwarding emigrants I was enabled, through
" the late Sir Francis Burton, brother of the late
" Marquis Conyngham, who was administering the
11 Government in Lower Canada, to obtain for
"jny sons the grant of the lands in Gore of Locha-
JAMKS r.rtn. \x.\x II.II.M. CONSUL 217
" her on the Ottawa, and from the same claims
11 the grant of 1200 acres free of fees in Adelaide,
" in the London District, which I named Strathroy,
" where my son, John Stewart, resides. My success
" in life rose chiefly from lands, I therefore prefer
"it to all other speculations. I have acted un-
" wisely in many instances by entering into
" businesses which I did not understand, and by
" erecting buildings before my profit arose; to
" all such forth, I therefore warn my children
11 against building until the money so expended is
"in no way essential to their support or comfort.
' I need not inform you who are now grown,
" that my daughter Mary Ann married Alexander
' Buchanan, Q.C., whose father was Physician to
" the Forces at Quebec, whose grandfather and
" my father were cousins by the mother's side,
" his father named John, the grandfather Alexan-
" der, and resided at Fintona. My daughter
11 Sarah married Robert Blackwell of Holywood,
" son of a very old acquaintance of mine of Belfast,
" arising out of our religious opinions. My daugh-
" ter Elizabeth married William, only surviving
" child of the late George Whitla, of Lisburn,
11 County of Down, Ireland; and Isabella married
" William Augustus Baldwin, son of Dr. Baldwin
" of Spadina, near the City of Toronto, Upper
" Canada.
11 Thus have I brought down the events which
4 bear on my life to the present time, ist of Octo-
' ber, 1834, leaving it with my beloved children
" to register the events and changes to which they
2l8 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
" may be subject; and on principle I enjoin upon
" all my posterity, that let the offence or cause be
" what it may, never shut your hand, your door
" or your heart against any of the posterity of
" your common parent. Regard this as the dying
' injunction of your father and dread to disobey
" it. My great desire is that my children may be
" known as a family fearing the Lord, united, and
" being beloved of one another for their father's
" sake. If a member of our body becomes dis-
" eased, nay corrupt, we do not cut it off; on the
" contrary, we use all means practicable to restore
"it to health. Such then, my beloved children, is
14 the course I enjoin you to pursue. No treatment
" so likely to reform as that which is mild, gentle
" and affectionate. Relatives, from pride, are too
" ready to cast off their poor members; be it your
" glory, my children, to act otherwise, keeping
' ' mainly in view their eternal interest as ministering
[< to. the soul should be the most powerful motive to
" endeavour to reclaim and lead from sinful pur-
" suits, so let it ever have your place among you.
" I will add, and your deservedly reverenced mother
" will join me in the testimony, that to the good
" and gracious Providence of God we are beholden
" for all our blessings and mercies. Never under-
" take any matter without you find you can ask
" the Almighty to bless you in the pursuit of it;
" this will guard you against all improper actions,
" and do not, I pray you, my children, ever be
" ashamed to admit your accountability to and
" dependence upon God for time and eternity."
On the 1 2th of June, 1837, with his wife and
his daughter Amelia, he sailed for England in the
packet ship Quebec, and landed at Portsmouth on
the 1 4th of July. He mentions as having seen at
Fintona " Mrs. Buchanan, the widow of Dr.
Buchanan."
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 219
They sailed on their return by the " West-
minster " packet ship on the nth of October,
1837, for New York, where they arrived the 7th
of November.
On the 1 4th of December, 1837, he records the
marriage of his son, Robert Stewart Buchanan,
to Elizabeth Curzon, daughter of William Jephson,
who had married a daughter of Mr. Farquhar, " a
" truly respectable inhabitant of New York. Mr.
' Jephson is from Mallow, and of the family of
" that name there who represent that town in
" Parliament."
In September of the following year (1838) he
mentions having visited the Honorable James
Buchanan, 1 Senator of Pennsylvania, near Lan-
i James Buchanan (1791-1868), President of the United
States from 1857 to 1861. The following letter, which was kindly
communicated by Mr. Chauncey K. Buchanan, of Tarrvtown, N.Y.,
was written by Mr. James Buchanan to Charles F. Rockwell, and
gives his own account of his origin :
WHEATLAND, NEAR LANCASTER, }
lath April, 1868.
MY DEAR SIR:
I regret that I cannot give a satisfactory answer to your enqui-
ries. My father, James Buchanan, came to this country in the year
1783. He was born in the County Donegal, was brought up by
his grandmother Russel at a place called Ramelton or Rachmelton.
I am quite confident that none of his family except himself emi-
grated to the United States. I have known & esteemed many
Buchanans, and have counted kindred with them but without
satisfactory results. My father had a brother called John of whom
he spoke with much affection; but he died in Ireland.
Yours very respectfully,
JAMBS BUCHANAN.
" My father, James Buchanan, was a native of the County of
Donegal, in the kingdom of Ireland. The family was respectable,
but their pecuniary circumstances were limited. He emigrated
to the United States before the date of the definite Treaty of
Peace with Great Britain ? having sailed from in the brig
ilence, bound for Philadelphia, in 1783. He was then in his
twenty-second year." Life of James Buchanan, by George T.
Curtis (1883).
22O JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
caster, accompanied by his wife, his daughter
Amelia and his son Carlisle. ' His family, or
" rather his father's (family), as he is unmar-
" ried, consists of the Rev. Edward Buchanan,
" residing at Beckworth, eighteen miles from
' Lancaster; Jane, married to T. Elliott, of Morris-
;< burg, Franklin County; Harriet, married to the
" Revd. Robert Huy, Greensburg, Westmoreland;
11 and Maria, married to Dr. Yates, Meadville,
" Crawford County. The family springs from the
" same ancestor as my family, their progenitor
11 having settled at Rathinattor, County Donegal,
" my family near Omagh."
James Buchanan speaks of the following as
having shown kindness to his daughter Jane dur-
ing her last illness, her death taking place on the
22nd of September, 1826, in the house of his
son-in-law, Alexander Buchanan, in Montreal, in
her twenty -third year: the Hon. Michael Henry
Percival, Lieut. Col. Jones, Henry Black and Mr.
Stacey, Attorney General and Mrs. James Stuart,
and Mrs. Fisher at Quebec; Major Goff and
Adjutant Routh of the 7 6th Regt. ; Mrs. Grant,
wife of Baron Grant; Mrs. Parker, wife of Capt.
Parker; Mrs. Ogden, wife of Solicitor General
Ogden; Mrs. Griffin, wife of Frederick Griffin; Mrs.
Porteous, wife of John Porteous, and Miss Arnoldi,
of Montreal.
He says that " On the 2nd of April, 1829, I
" proceeded to Baltimore, where I had the honour
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 221
" of being introduced to Mr. Carroll; from thence
11 I went to Washington, where I was introduced
' to General Jackson." On April 24th, 1829, he
sailed from New York, on the Sylvanus Jenkins,
Capt. Allen, for Liverpool, with his daughters,
Sarah and Elizabeth, Mr. and Mrs. Clarke, Mrs.
Parker, and John Gait, the novelist.
In March, 1843, h e retired on a pension, and on
the 3rd of May of that year he moved from New
York to Niagara Falls. On the 24th of August he
took possession of his own house there. In this
connection he enumerates his different residences.
11 My first house was No. 44 William Street, Dub-
' lin, which I purchased from Mr. Henry Alexan-
" der, Member for the City of Deny, cousin to
11 the first Earl of Caledon. My next residence
" was ' Farm Hill ' (Lisanelly), near Omagh, having
" purchased ' Lisanelly ' from the late Sir John
" Stewart, for which I paid him 4500 pounds. My
" next residence was ' Woodbrook,' near Lord
" Abercorn's demesne, having sold back to Sir
"John Stewart 'Lisanelly' for 8000 pounds, in-
" eluding my improvements. My next residence
" was ' Common Green,' which I purchased from
" Mr. Wilcox of Dungannon for 700 pounds, and
" foolishly expended nearly 3000 pounds. I there
"resided from 1804 to 1815, when I went to
;< England with all my family; stopped in Chester;
" went to London, thence to Boulogne-sur-Mer in
" France, thence to Bristol, and from thence, on the
11 22nd May, 1816, to New York, at which place
222 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
" I resided at, ist, Bloomingdale ; 2nd, Rich-
" mond Hill; 3rd, Manhattan Bank House; 4th,
" St. John's Park; 5th, Washington Square; 6th,
" Broadway; 7th, Beach Street; 8th, Barrow Street,
" and from thence to Canada, as is mentioned; in
" all eight residences with my family and servants
" in Europe and eight in the City of New York
" thus in all seventeen places of residence."
On the iyth of June, 1844, he left Halifax for
Liverpool, reaching there on the 28th of July. He
was at Omagh in August, when he attended the
funeral of his uncle Patrick's widow,who died in her
92nd year, and visited his uncle William's widow,
then 82 years old. He arrived home on the 3rd
of December. He caused to be placed in Dona-
ghanie Churchyard a tablet bearing the following
inscription :
11 This stone was placed here in memory of
" John Buchanan, of Omagh, who died in October,
" 1820, aged 84 years. Also to record the burials
" here of two children of his eldest son James,
" viz., Sarah, aged nine years and six months, in
" March, and John Stewart, aged 4 years and 7
" months, in July, 1809. The said James came to
" reside at Camowen in the year 1804, removed
11 to England in 1815, and from thence to New
" York in 1816."
For his services in causing the remains of the
unfortunate Major Andr6 to be exhumed and
conveyed to England he was, by order of the Duke
of York, honored by the placing under the tablet
to Andr6 in Westminster Abbey of an inscription
to that effect.
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 223
In the South Aisle of the Nave of Westminster
Abbey is the monument of Major John Andr by
Van Gelder. The monument represents Washing-
ton " receiving the petition, in which Andre
vainly implores for a soldier's death, and Andr6
is seen on the way to execution." The monument
bears the following inscription :
SACRED TO THE MEMORY
OP
MAJOR JOHN ANDRfi,
who raised by his Merit at an early period of Life to the
rank of Adjutant General
OP
The British Forces in America, and employed in an im-
portant and hazardous enterprise, fell a sacrifice
to his Zeal for his King and Country
On the 2nd of October, A. D. 1780,
Aged 29,
universally beloved and esteemed by the Army in which
he served, and lamented even by his
FOES
His Gracious Sovereign, KING GEORGE THIRD, has
caused this Monument to be erected
Under this inscription is the following:
THE REMAINS OF MAJOR JOHN ANDRti
were, on the loth of August, 1821, removed from Tappan by
JAMES BUCHANAN, ESQR.
His Majesty's Consul at New York,
Under Instructions from His R. Highness
THE DUKE OF YORK,
And with the permission of the Dean and Chapter
Finally deposited in a Grave
contiguous to this Monument,
On the 28th of November, 1821.
C24 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
The New York Tribune of Thursday, Novem-
ber 5th, 1885, giving an account of the attempted
destruction by dynamite of the Andr6 monument
at Tappan, on Tuesday, the 3rd November, 1885,
contains the following:
" Forty years have passed and the bones of Andr6
remained beneath the spot where he so bravely met his
death, but his memory was kept green in the hearts of his
sisters and loving friends, who believed that sufficient
time would elapse to cause the national wounds to heal
and national prejudice to cease, applied to the American
Government through the representative for permission to
remove the remains of Andr6 to the Mausoleum already
prepared in his native clime. This was freely granted,
and on the i$th August, 1821, a British Man of War, hav-
ing on board His Royal Highness the Duke of York, 1
entered the Hudson River, and being joined by Mr. Buch-
anan, the British Consul at New York, and Mr. Moore,
His Majesty's Agent for Packets, proceeded up the river
and anchored off Sweden's Landing, directly opposite
Dobb's Ferry. Accompanied by Captain Paul, the party
landed and took a carriage to Tappan, some two miles
distant. They proceeded first to the old Mabie Tavern,
the former place of Andre's confinement, which was kept at
that time by a man named Dupuy ; from there they went
to the house of the Rev. Mr. Demarest, the owner of the
property where lay buried the remains of Andre*. They
were received with generous hospitality and afforded every
facility for the prosecution of their sacred mission. There
was no difficulty in finding the place. The two cedars
which had been planted at the foot of the grave forty
years previous had grown up to a height of ten feet. These,
together with a pile of stones, marked the foot of the grave,
while a peach tree (planted by the loving hand of an un-
known woman), then in full blossom, marked the head of
the grave. On removing the earth it was found that
the roots of the peach tree had worked their way through
the decayed coffin, and completely surrounded the skull
of Andr6 like a net work. The bones were carefully re-
moved ; nothing of a metallic substance was found to show
i This is not correct. The Duke of York was not present, but
was represanted by Mr. Buchanan.
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 22$
that he was buried in his regimentals, but the leathern
string that bound his cue was found in a perfect state of
preservation. The sarcophagus containing the remains
was taken to the house of Mr. Demarest, where it remained
for two or three days, when it was removed to His Majesty's
Packet. The remains were then conveyed to London,
where they were interred in Westminster Abbey on the
28th of November following.
" The two cedars were taken up and carried to England,
where they were made into snuff-boxes and other devices.
The Duke of York desiring to show his appreciation of the
generous conduct of Rev. Mr. Demarest, ordered a snuff
box to be made from one of these cedars and presented to
him."
John H. Griffith, David D. Brewer, John H.
Cutwater and Col. James C. Hading were also
present.
The following is an extract from the account
given by him of the disinterment of Andrews
remains. Mr. Buchanan represented the Duke of
York in the matter, and it took place Aug. 10,
1821:
. . . " My next step was to proceed to Tappan,
distant from this city (New York) twenty-four miles.
Thither I went, accompanied by Mr. Moore, His Majesty's
Agent for Packets. Upon reaching the village, which does
not contain above fifty or sixty houses, the first we en-
quired at proved to be the very house in which the Major
had been confined while a prisoner there, by one Dupuy,
who was also Postmaster, who took us to view the room
which had been used as a prison. Excited as we were, it
would be difficult to describe our feelings on entering this
little chamber; it was then used as a milk and store-room
otherwise unaltered from the period of his confinement
about twelve feet by eight, with one window looking
into the garden, the view extending to the hill, and directly
to the spot on which he suffered as the landlord pointed
out from the window while in the room, the trees growing
at the place where he was buried.
226 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
44 Having enquired for the owner of the field. I waited
on the Rev^ Mr. Demarest, a minister residing in Tappan,
to whom I explained the object of my visit, and who
generously expressed his satisfaction at the honour ' which
at length,' to use his words, ' was intended the memory of
Major Andre",' and assured me that every facility should be
afforded by him. Whereupon we all proceeded to examine
the grave, attended by many of the inhabitants, who by
this time had become acquainted with the cause of our
visit; and it was truly gratifying to us, as it was honour-
able to them, that all were loud in the expressions of their
gratification on this occasion.
" We proceeded up a narrow lane, or broken road, with
trees on 'each side which obscured the place where he
suffered, until we came to the opening into the field which
at once led to an elevated spot on the hill. On reaching
the mount, we found it commanded a view of the sur-
rounding country for miles. General Washington's head-
quarters and the house in which he resided was distant
about a mile and a half or two miles, but fully in view.
The army lay encamped chiefly in view of the place, and
must necessarily have witnessed the catastrophe.
" The field, as well as I could judge, contained from
eight to ten acres, and was cultivated ; but around the
grave the plough had not approached nearer than three
or four yards, that space being covered with loose stone
thrown upon and around the grave, which was only in-
dicated by two cedar trees about ten feet high. A small
peach tree had also been planted at the head of the grave,
by the kindly feeling of a lady in the neighbourhood.
" Many expressed the belief that the body had been
secretly carried to England, but these surmises were set
aside by the more general testimony of the community.
. . . . Arriving at Tappan by ten o'clock a. m.,
though I was not expected until the following Tuesday,
as I had fixed, yet a number of persons soon assembled,
some of whom betrayed symptoms of displeasure at the
proceeding, arising from the observations of some of the
public journals, which asserted ' That any honour paid
Major Andr was casting imputation on General Wash-
ington, and the officers who tried AndreV
"As these characters were of the lowest caste, and their
observations were condemned by every respectable person
in the village, I yet deemed it prudent, while the worthy
pastor was preparing his men to open the grave, to resort
to a mode of argument, the only one I had time or inclina-
JAMES BUCHANAN H.B.M. CONSUL 2.2J
tion to bestow upon them, in which I was sure to find the
landlord a powerful auxiliary. I therefore stated to these
noisy patriots that I wished to follow a custom not unfre-
quent in Ireland, from whence I came, namely, of taking
some spirits before proceeding to a grave. The landlord
approved the Irish practice, and accordingly supplied
abundance of liquor, so that in a short time General
Washington, Major Andre" and the object of my visit
there were forgotten by them, and I was left at perfect
liberty with the respectable inhabitants of the place to
proceed to the exhumation, leaving the landlord to sup-
ply the guests, a duty which he faithfully performed to
my entire satisfaction.
" At twelve o'clock, quite an unexpected crowd assem-
bled at the grave, as our proceeding up the hill was seen
by the inhabitants all around.
" The day was unusually fine; a number of ladies, and
many aged matrons who witnessed his fall who had seen
his person who had mingled tears with his sufferings
attended, and were loud in their praises of the Prince, for
thus at length honouring one who still lived in their recol-
lection with unsubdued sympathy. The labours proceeded
with diligence, yet caution; surmises about the body hav-
ing been removed were revived, and it would be difficult
to imagine any event which could convey a degree of more
intense excitement.
" As soon as the stones were cleared away, and the
grave was found, not a tongue moved amongst the multi-
tude, breathless anxiety was depicted in every coun-
tenance.
" When at length, one of the men cried out he had
touched the coffin, so great was the enthusiasm at this
moment that I found it necessary to call the aid of several
of the ladies to form an enlarged circle, so that all could see
the operation ; which being effected, the men proceeded
with the greatest caution, and the clay was removed with
the hands, as we soon discovered the lid of the coffin was
broken in the centre.
" With great care the broken lid was removed, and
there to our view lay the bones of the brave Andre", in
perfect order. I among others, for the first time, dis-
covered that he had been a small man.
" This observation I made from the skeleton, which
was confirmed by some then present. The roots of the
small peach tree had completely surrounded the skull like
a net.
228 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
" After allowing all the people to pass around in regular
order and view the remains as they lay, which very many
did with unfeigned tears and lamentations, the bones
were carefully removed and placed in the sarcophagus
(the circle having been again formed); after which I de-
scended into the coffin, which was not more than three
feet below the surface, and with my own hands raked the
dust together, to ascertain whether he had been buried
in his regimentals or not, as it was rumoured among the
assemblage that he was stripped; for, if buried in his regi-
mentals, I expected to find the buttons of his clothes
which would have disproved the rumour. (' It has since
been ascertained, from an American officer present at the
burial, that the regimentals of Major Andr6 were given
to his servants, after the execution. This statement has
satisfied Mr. Buchanan, and will account for the absence
of any vestiges in his tomb.') But I did not find a single
button, nor any article save a string of leather which had
tied his hair at the time. This string I forwarded to his
sisters in England. I examined the dust of the coffin so
minutely (as the quantity would not fill a quart) that no
mistake could have arisen in the examination. Let no
unworthy motive be attributed to me for recording this
fact, I state it as one which I was anxious to ascertain for
the reason given. Having placed the remains in the
sarcophagus, it was borne amidst the silent and unbought
regret of the numerous assemblage, and deposited in the
worthy pastor's house, with the intention of removing it to
His Majesty's Packet, in New York City, on the Tuesday
following. As soon as the removal of the sarcophagus to
the Packet was known in this city, it was not only honour-
able to the feelings of the citizens, but cheering to my mind,
depressed as it had been, to find the sentiment which
prevailed.
" Ladies sent me flowers; others, various emblematic
devices, garlands, etc., to decorate the remains of the
' lamented and beloved AndreV A beautiful and orna-
mented myrtle among those sent, I forwarded with the
sarcophagus to Halifax, where Lieut. General Sir James
Kempt, Governor of Nova Scotia, caused every proper mark
of respect to be paid to the remains. From thence they
reached London, and were deposited near the monument
which had been erected to his memory in Westminster
Abbey, and a marble slab placed at the foot of the monu-
ment on which is set forth their removal by the order of
His Royal Highness, the Duke of York. (On the monu-
ment is also recorded the services of Consul Buchanan.)
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 22Q
" Having represented to His Royal Highness the gen-
erous conduct of the Rev. Mr. Demarest, I recommended
that His Royal Highness should convey to him a snuff-
box made from out of one of the trees which grew at the
grave, which I sent home. But my suggestion was far
outdone by the princely munificence of His Royal High-
ness, who ordered a box to be made out of the tree, and
lined with gold, with an inscription, ' From His Royal
Highness the Duke of York, to the Rev. Mr. Demarest.'
" Whilst speaking of this act of liberality, I was un-
expectedly honoured with a silver inkstand with the fol-
lowing inscription: ' The surviving sisters of Major Andre*,
to James Buchanan, Esq., His Majesty's Consul at New
York.' They also sent a silver cup, with a suitable in-
scription, to Mr. Demarest. I need not add that I cherish
this inkstand (which I am now using), and shall bequeath
it to my children as a memorial which I prize with no
ordinary feeling.
" I omitted to mention that I had the peach tree, which
had been planted on the grave (the roots of which had
surrounded the skull as set forth), taken up with great
care, with as much of the clay as it was possible to pre-
serve around the roots, and brought it to my garden in
New York, where my daughters attended it with almost
pious solicitude, shading it during the heat of the day,
watering it in the cool of the evening, in the hope of pre-
serving it to send it to England. Had it reached his sisters,
they would have, no doubt, regarded it as another Minerva;
for though it did not spring out of, yet it was nourished
by their beloved brother's head.
41 I have only to add, that, through the kind inter-
ference of my brother Consul at Philadelphia, I obtained
Major Andre's watch, which he had to part with when a
prisoner during the early part of the war. This watch I
sent to England lately ; so that I believe that every vestige
connected with the subject of this narrative has been sent
to the land of his birth, in the services of which his life
was sacrificed."
James Buchanan died at Elmwood, the resi-
dence of his son-in-law, Hugh Taylor , advocate ,
near Montreal, on the loth October, 1851, in his
Both year, and was buried in the tomb which he
had caused to be erected at Drummondville , near
230 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
the Falls of Niagara. His wife died on the ist
February, 1852, in her 73rd year, at the residence
of her daughter, Mrs. Alexander Buchanan, No. 7
Cornwall Terrace, St. Denis Street, Montreal.
He had the honour in the course of his career
of meeting many high personages, and in not a
few cases the opportunity of becoming intimately
acquainted with, among others, the following:
Robert Stewart, Lord Castlereagh, the Irish Se-
cretary in 1798, afterwards the Marquis of London-
derry, born in 1769, and died in 1822 ; Mr. Pelham,
the Irish Secretary, afterwards Duke of Newcastle ;
Sir John Stewart, K.C., and at one time Attorney
General of Ireland, who died in 1825 ; Sir Matthew
Wood, three times Lord Mayor of London; M.
Asherby, Secretary of the Cis-Alpine Republic;
Sir George Hill, Member for Londonderry, and
Mr. Joseph Hardcastle, of Hatcham House, near
London.
On his retirement from the office of British
Consul at New York he received the following
letter from Ex-Chancellor James Kent, the distin-
guished author of the Commentaries on American
law:
" NEW YORK, March 31, 1843.
MY DEAR SIR,
I signed, with great pleasure, an address to you en-
grossed on parchment, and which was shown to me at
the Custom House. But this is not enough for me, and I
cannot deny myself the pleasure of writing a personal
and private line to you, to assure you of my great respect
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 23!
and esteem, and of my regret, that this city is soon to lose
the pleasure and benefit of your society.
Your conduct, while Consul in this city, has been so
full of urbanity and kindness, so conciliatory to the interests
and feeling of the two nations, and so distinguished for
moderation, integrity, candor and Christian charity, zeal
and benevolence, that my attachment and affections have
been warmly excited in your favour.
I hope the evening of your life may be serene and
happy, and I shall always think of you with the tenderest
regard. Mrs. Kent joins me in the sincerest respect and
regard to Mrs. Buchanan, and in the strongest wishes for
your welfare.
Yours truly and affectionately,
JAMES KENT.
JAMES BUCHANAN, ESQ."
He was a warm advocate of Free Trade, and
was in favour of opening the River St. Lawrence
to all nations. His advocacy of measures of
public interest was untiring, and in prosecuting
it the press was freely used. His book, " Sketches
of Indian Character, ' ' passed through two editions.
The full title of the book was : Sketches of the
History, Manners and Customs of the North
American Indians, by James Buchanan, Esqre.,
His Majesty's Consul for the State of New York.
London, Printed by Black, Young & Young, Tavis-
tock Street. MDCCCXXIV. London, Printed by
W. Clowes, Northumberland Court. This book
is dedicated to His Excellency Lieut. Gen. the
Earl Dalhousie, G.C.B., and is dated at New York,
May, i, 1821. It was published at IDS. 6d. in
boards.
232 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
He published a plan for civilizing the Indians
of this continent. Among his numerous writings
were: A Tract on the Preservation from Con-
tamination of the Destitute Female Children in
London ; A Letter to Sir Robert Peel, with a plan
as to the destitute female children of London,
Dublin and Edinburgh ; A Letter to Lord Stanley,
with a plan for the removal of the pauper popula-
tion of the County of Kent; A Report upon the
Banking Institutions of the State of New York;
A Tract on the Effects of State Prison Discipline
in the States of New York and Connecticut.
Moreover, he published, in 1836, a recommendation
to Sir Francis Bond Head of a railroad from
Hamilton to Michigan, pointing out how the funds
for its construction might be raised. He was an
advocate of the Federal Union of all the North
American Provinces, and as early as 1841 he ad-
dressed a letter to the Duke of Wellington advocat-
ing the free admission of grain from all countries
that would receive British manufactures on the
same terms. He was through life active and
energetic in promoting worthy objects. It is
said that Sir John Franklin named one of the
rivers which he discovered after him. A similar
compliment is also said to have been paid him by
Captain Back.
The following extracts are from newspapers
in which reference was made to his death:
" Mr. Buchanan was an Irishman by birth,
and was largely endowed with that warmth of
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 233
heart for which his countrymen are noted all over
the world; while he had much of the prudence
foresight, perseverance and energy the pervid-
ium ingeiiium of his Scottish ancestors. Few
men had so extensive a circle of friends and ac-
quaintances, by whom he was loved and respected,
and to whom his death will be a source of regret,
as the late British Consul in the great commercial
emporium of North America."
1 His charitable gifts, hospitality, and general
urbanity will live long in the memory of those who
formed his acquaintance in this country (Canada)
as well as in New York."
He had issue:
I. Sarah, born 25th September, 1799, at
Omagh, and died 25th March, 1809, at Common
Green, Omagh, Ireland.
II. James Clark, born 25th April, 1801, at
Dublin ; named after his grandfather, James Clarke.
He came to New York with his father, and is
mentioned as having, on the 5th January, 1823,
" embarked on board His Majesty's sloop of war
4 Pheasant,' Captain Clavering, for England,
and landed at Portsmouth on the 6th day of
February." He was subsequently appointed
British Consul at Santa Martha, South America,
where he died unmarried, on the icth December,
1849.
III. Mary Ann, born on nth June, 1802, at
4 Farm Hill," near Omagh. She was named
234 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
after her aunt, Mary Ann Clarke, who was married
first, to John Ledbetter, of College Green, Dublin,
and 2ndly, to the Rev. Samuel Simpson, a Pres-
byterian clergyman of Dublin. Mary Ann was
married on 2nd March, 1824, to Alexander
Buchanan, of Montreal, Advocate. She died at
Saco, Maine, on 2oth July, 1862, and was buried
at Montreal, Canada.
IV. Jane, born on 3oth October, 1803, at
" Woodbrook," near Baron's Court, Tyrone. She
was named after her aunt, Jane Buchanan, who
was married to James Robinson. She died un-
married on 22nd September, 1826, at Montreal.
V. John Stewart, born ist January, 1805,
at " Woodbrook," and died i4th July, 1809, at
Common Green.
VI. Robert Stewart, born i6th June, 1806,
at Common Green, and was named after Lord
Castlereagh. He was married at New York, by
the Rev. Mr. Hawke, on i4th December, 1837,
to Elizabeth Curzon, daughter of William Henry
Jephson and Maria Farquhar, and granddaughter
of Colonel William Jephson, of Mallow Castle, Cork,
Ireland. He died on i8th September, 1861, at
New York, and was buried at St. Mark's Church.
His widow survived him over thirty years, dying
on 1 8th April, 1893, at New York, They left no
issue.
VII. Alexander Carlisle, who was born 25th
December, 1808, at Common Green, was named
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 235
after Alexander Carlisle, an Irish solicitor. He
accompanied his father to America, but in 1819
went back to Ireland and was educated at a school
in Londonderry. In 1825 he returned to New
York, and in the same year went to Montreal,
where he was for some years in business with his
brother Robert, the firm being known as Buchanan
& Co. In 1835 he took charge of the Emigration
Office at Quebec, and on the ist July, 1838, was
appointed by the British Government Chief Emi-
gration Agent in succession to his uncle, Alexander
Carlisle Buchanan. He married at Quebec, on 3rd
November, 1840, Charlotte Louise Caldwell,
daughter of the Hon. Edward Bowen, Chief
Justice for the District of Quebec. He died on
2nd February, 1868, at Quebec. 1 She died on 2oth
November, 1894, at same place. They had issue:
i.Carlisle Edward, born 4th May, 1846;
entered service of the Bank of Montreal, and
died 1 5th March, 1867, at Port Hope, Ont.
2. Ernest Bowen, of Australia, born 4th
April, 1855; married first, 26th November,
1886, Alice Mackenzie, who died 26th Decem-
ber, 1887; 2ndly, Beatrice Elliot and has
issue :
(i) Carlisle LeStrange, born 22nd Feb-
ruary, 1900.
i " His was a fine example of a quiet, useful, unostentatious
life. Those who knew him find it difficult to determine which most
to admire, his public virtues or his private worth. To his inti-
mates both are a pleasant retrospect; to his friends they are a
precious possession ; for many a day will pass ere ' Carlisle Bu-
chanan ' will be forgotten in those quiet home circles which he
made bright and happy by his presence." " Portraits of British
Americans," by Fennings Taylor, 1868.
236 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
(2) Arthur Hamilton, born ist January,
1902.
(i) Orovida Valentine.
3. Arthur Hamilton, born i 7th June, 1858 ;
entered service of Bank of Montreal, of which
he is now Manager at Spokane, U. S. A. He
married i5th April, 1899, at Montreal, Frances
(Lily), daughter of Alexander Brock Buchan-
an, of Montreal.
4. Noel Herbert, born 2nd October, 1860;
entered service of Molsons' Bank, and was
drowned 3ist March, 1883, at Brockville, Ont.
1. Sophia Louise (Winnifred) married 25th
September, 1867, George Tudor Pemberton,
and has issue:
(1) Leigh Tudor, born 1 2th April, 1869;
married 27th October, 1897, Georgina Scott.
(2) George Carlisle Tudor, born i2th
June, 1870; married 1 3th September, 1898,
Roberta Mary Bayley Bruce.
(i) Helena Tudor, married loth Novem-
ber, 1903, Percy C. Stevenson.
2. Ida Mary, married 25th April, 1877,
John Hamilton, of Quebec, and has issue :
(1) Constance Naomi, married 2oth June,
1900, Arthur Carrington Smith.
(2) Edith Craigie.
(3) Mary Frances Vera.
(4) Jessie Irene.
VIII. Sarah, born on 24th March, 1810, at
Common Green, and named after her grandmother,
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 237
Sarah Sproule, daughter of James Sproule, of
Granan, and second wife of John Buchanan of
Omagh. She came to New York with her father,
but went back to Ireland in April, 1829. On the
23rd September, 1829, she was married in the
church of Cappagh, near Omagh, to Robert
Blackwell, son of Alexander Blackwell, of Holy-
wood, near Belfast. She died on i8th February,
1875, at Lower Mount Street, Dublin. They had
issue :
1. James Buchanan, born i3th October,
1830, and died 22nd July, 1831.
2. Alexander, born i6th April, 1834; mar-
ried 2nd February, 1867, Wilhelmina Crofts
of Ballamena House, County Cork, and died
2oth July, 1888.
3. James Buchanan, born 3rd August,
1837, and died ist April, 1841, at New York.
4. Robert, born 1846, and died 8th Nov-
ember, 1888.
1. Anna Arthur, married 8th February,
1854, Thomas Studdert of Kilkishen House,
County Clare, Ireland.
2. Elizabeth Buchanan, married James B.
levers of County Clare, Ireland, and died
ist February, 1898.
3. Margaret Eleanor Whitla, married Hod-
der Roberts of Mount Reber, Cork, and died
in 1880, in Ireland, leaving issue.
4. Sarah Caroline, died 4th March, 1860.
238 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
IX. Elizabeth, born on 3rd December, 1811,
at Common Green, and named after her mother.
She was married on the 5th November, 1830, to
William Whitla, only son of George Whitla, of
Lisburn, Ireland. She died on the 3oth May, 1886,
at Chepstow Villas, Bayswater, London. They
had issue:
1. George Whitla, born 3ist July, 1832;
appointed Assistant Surgeon in 1857, Surgeon
in 1872, Surgeon Major in 1873, Brigade Sur-
geon in 1892, Hon. Deputy Surgeon General
in 1893, and retired in 1893. He married
ist, Miss Goodden, by whom he had issue
one son, George (died 1885), and one daugh-
ter, Susan; 2nd, Catherine Barbara Gould
Jackson, by whom he has issue 2 daughters,
Helena and Charlotte, both married.
2. James Buchanan, born 2nd September,
1834; appointed Ensign in the 88th Regt. of
Foot, Connaught Rangers, in 1855, and served
through the Indian Mutiny with his regiment ;
Lieutenant in 1859, Captain in 1867, and
retired in 1871. He married Elizabeth M.
Forbes, who died in March, 1899. He lives
in Toronto, Canada.
3. John, born 1835, and died while young.
4. William, born 1 3th March, 1 840 ; entered
the army in 1858, and became in 1886 Lieut.-
Colonel commanding 2nd Battalion of the
Lincolnshire Regiment (the loth Foot). He
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 239
commanded a detachment of the ist Battalion
in the Perak River Expedition in 1875, an< ^
commanded the troops when a combined naval
and military force attacked and captured two
stockades and five guns, and for this was
mentioned in the despatches and received
Brevet of Major and Medal with clasp. He
retired in 1888 and now lives in London, Eng-
land.
5. Sydney, born 1843, anc * died while
young.
6. Seymour Conway, born 1845, an( i died
while young.
7. Francis, born 1849 > married and lives in
California, and has issue.
8. Valentine Herbert, born 1853 married
and lives in Queensland, and has issue.
1 . Elizabeth Clarke, married Capt. Thomas
Peter Carr, County Inspector in the Royal
Irish Constabulary, and died January, 1871,
leaving issue.
2. Eleanor, married Col. Lewis Mansergh
Buchanan, C.B., of Edenfel, Omagh, Tyrone,
and died 1877, leaving issue.
3. Emma Hardcastle Haldane, married
Henry Lucas, of Rathealy, Co. Cork, late
Captain in the 25th Regiment and Major S.
Cork Militia; died 24th August, 1899, and left
issue.
4. Alicia Jane, married Charles C. Bridges,
son of John Bridges of Birch, Essex, and has
2^0 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
issue, (i) Sydney; (2) Guy; (3) Oliver; (4)
Trevor; (5) Winifred.
5. Ada, married Colonel Theophilus Hig-
ginson, C.B., late Commanding ist Punjab
Infantry (Punjab Frontier Force), who died
1903, leaving issue:
(1) Harold Whitla, Captain Royal Dublin
Fusiliers, 1 married 1903 Ivy Letitia
Broun, fourth daughter of the late James
Broun, of Orchard, Carluke, N.B., and Petit
Menage, Jersey, C.I., and has issue: (i)
James, born 1906.
(2) Ada Dorothea.
X. Maria, born on 2oth March, 1813, at
Common Green, and named after her aunt, Mrs.
John Clarke. She died unmarried, on 5th Feb-
ruary, 1837, at New York.
XI. John Stewart, born on 3rd January,
1815, and named after Sir John Stewart, Bart.
When his father sailed for New York in 1816, John
Stewart was left with his grandfather at Omagh.
It is probable that he came to America with his
father in November, 1820. On the 21 st September,
1831, he took possession of a grant from His Maj-
esty of 1200 acres of land in Upper Canada, con-
(i) Served in West Africa 1897-8. Took part in the operations on
the Niger. With the expedition to Lapia and Argeyal. Medal with 2
clasps. Served in the S. African War 1899-1902. Took part in the
operations in Natal '99, including action at Lombard's Kop. At the
defence of Ladysmith, including action of 6th January, 1900. In the
Transvaal, west of Pretoria, July to 29 November, 1900. Again in the
Transvaal 30 November, 1900 to January, 1902. Mentioned in
Despatches London Gazette, loth Sept., 1901. Queen's medal with 4
clasps and King's medal with 2 clasps. Served at Aden 1903, during
operations in the Interior. Harfs Army List (1910).
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 24!
ferred on James Buchanan for his services in re-
lation to the Province. John Stewart married at
Toronto on the 6th July, 1839, Mabel Ann, second
daughter of Dr. Samuel Robinson, formerly of
Eccles Street, Dublin, who had come to Canada,
and of Elizabeth Smith, who had previously been
married to Joseph Hume, of the County of Wicklow.
John Stewart afterwards removed to Chicago.
He died there on the 2ist April, 1875, an( * his
widow died there on the 5th November, 1890.
They had issue :
1. Elizabeth Robinson, born 27th July,
1840; died 27th August, 1840.
2. James R., born 5th October, 1841 ; died
9th June, 1853.
3. Samuel R., born 29th June, 1843; mar-
ried 2oth November, 1872, Etta Heagel, who
died i3th February, 1888, and died 3oth April,
1904, at Chicago, leaving issue:
(i) Stewart H., born 7th August, 1874.
4. Elizabeth R., born ist October, 1845;
married nth October, 1874, H. M. Dupee, of
Chicago, and has issue :
(1) William H., born May, 1877.
(2) Horace, born 2ist November, 1883.
(1) Mabel.
(2) Margaret.
5. John R., bom 5th September, 1847;
married November, 1876, Gertrude Bliss, and
died 27th March, 1883, at Chicago, leaving
issue :
242 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
(1) Walter, born August, 1878.
(2) Blanche, died January, 1882.
6. Catherine Hume R., born 3rd April,
1849; married nth April, 1875, Wm. Spencer,
of Chicago, and died 3 ist August, 1880, leaving
issue :
1 i ) George Buchanan, born 5th February,
1876.
(2) William Archer, born i5th February,
1878.
7. William Hume R., born 3rd April, 1849.
8. Mabel R., born November i2th, 1851;
married 2oth September, 1877, Robert S.
Buchanan, of Chicago.
9. James O. R., born 9th November, 1853.
10. Robert R., born 24th January, 1856;
died 27th November, 1905, at Chicago.
XII. Isabella Clarke, born on loth Novem-
ber, 1815, at Boulogne, France, and was named
after her aunt, Mrs. William Clarke. She was
married at New York on the 25th September,
1834, by the Rev. Lewis Pintard Bayard, Rector
of St. Clements Church, New York, to William
Augustus Baldwin, son of the Hon. William
Warren Baldwin, and brother of the Hon. Robert
Baldwin, Q.C., C.B., and died on the 2ist May,
1850. He died on the i4th June, 1883, aged 75
years, at " Masquoteh," Deer Park, Toronto.
They had issue:
i. Henry St. George, of Toronto, born i2th
November, 1837; married 9th February, 1869,
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 243
Amelia Sarah Pentland, of Cobourg, Ont.,
and had issue :
(1) Bertram St. George, born iyth Sep-
tember, 1870; died 25th February, 1893.
(2) Harold Augustus, born i6th Novem-
ber, 1871.
(3) Ethel Isabel.
2. James Buchanan, M.D., of Toronto, born
i4th July, 1839; married Elizabeth C. Mor-
rison; died 3oth May, 1897, at Toronto, and
had issue :
(1) Kenneth Joseph Morrison, born i5th
March, 1874.
(2) James Carlisle Buchanan, born 25th
April, 1886.
(1) Florence Emeline, born 28th October,
1875; died 6th December, 1884.
(2) Sybil Isabella.
3. William Augustus, M.D., of Toronto,
born 6th December, 1840; married Ella Win-
nifred Poston, of Quebec, and died i3th July,
1894, and had issue:
(1) Charles William Augustus, born 22nd
April, 1884; Cadet Royal Navy, ist July,
1899.
(2) St. George Pentland, born 26th Feb-
ruary, 1885.
4. Robert Russell, of Toronto, born 2oth
July, 1842; married 3oth September, 1893,
Ada Jane Webster, of Guelph, Ont., and died
3rd June, 1906, leaving no issue.
244 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
5. ^Emelius Warren, of Toronto, born 8th
September, 1844; married i3th September,
1883, Susie Cotterell (who died loth October,
1888), by whom had issue :
(i) Reginald ^Emelius, born isth July,
1887; died i yth August, 1888.
(1) Alice Muriel.
(2) Emmeline Gladys.
He married secondly, i3th November, 1889,
Julia Pringle, of Cobourg.
1. Phoebe Buchanan, born i8th April,
1836; married 2oth October, 1857, George
Lefroy, of Toronto, formerly of Athy, Ireland,
and died gth January, 189 1 , at Toronto. Had
issue :
(1) Ernest Baldwin, born 2oth Feb-
ruary, 1 86 1.
(2) Harold Baldwin, born i4th January,
1863.
(3) Benjamin St. George, born 2nd Jan-
uary, 1865.
(4) William Baldwin, born i4th April,
1869; died 5th July, 1872.
(5) Augustus George, born 25th Nov-
ember, 1874.
(1) Catherine Isabella, born i8th Decem-
ber, 1858; died 25th May, 1905.
(2) Phoebe Isabella Beatrice.
2. Isabella Elizabeth, born 3rd August,
"1847; married 4th January, 1877, to William
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 245
Ross Baldwin, of Lismore, Ireland, and died
4th November, 1890. Had issue:
(1) William Augustus, born 3rd Febru-
ary, 1878; died igth September, 1904.
(2) Godfrey St. George, born 2nd Janu-
ary, 1881; died i3th February, 1910.
(1) Phoebe Isabella Margaret, married
1 8th September, 1901, John M. Hedley.
(2) Wilhelmine Russell.
XIII. Amelia Hobart, born on 2;th July,
1817, at New York; was named after Lady Castle-
reagh. She was married on the 26th June, 1845,
at the residence of her father, near the Falls of
Niagara, to Hugh Taylor, of Montreal, advocate,
by the Rev. William Leeming, Rector of the
Parish. She died on the i9th November, 1876, in
Folkestone, and he died on the 3oth December,
1893, at Weston Lodge, Upper Norwood, Surrey,
aged ninety years. They had issue:
i. Reid, born 27th November, 1847; a< ^"
mitted to the Bar of the Province of Quebec
in 1869; he married first, in February, 1873,
Mattie, daughter of Dr. Smallwood of Montreal
(who died 25th June, 1892), and had issue:
(1) Algernon Waldemar Hugh, born 2oth
October, 1876.
(2) Adrian Aubrey Charles, born 25th
September, 1877, Captain Royal Dublin
Fusiliers/*)
(i) Served in South Africa War 1899-1902. Employed with Mount-
ed Infantry. Severely wounded. Mentioned in Despatches London
Gazette, loth September, 1901. Queen's Medal with 6 clasps and King's
Medal with 2 clasps. Served at Aden 1903 duting operations in the
Interior. Attached to Egyptian Army. Hart's Army List (1910).
246 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
He married secondly, on 28th April, 1903,
Edith Constance Maud Widdrington, only
daughter of Captain Widdrington, and by her
has a daughter,
(i) Chrysilla Griselle Widdrington.
2. Horatio Herbert, born i8th August,
1858.
i. Elizabeth Mary.
XIV. George Augustus Frederick, born on
loth February, 1819, at New York, and died there
on 7th September, 1819.
XV. William Oliver, born on the 22nd
October, 1820, at New York, and named after
Oliver Sproule, formerly of Omagh, M.D., brother
of his grandmother, and after his uncles, William
Buchanan and William Clarke, He was a civil
engineer. He married on the 22nd of October,
1845, at Williamsburg, U.C., Mary Ellen Crysler,
daughter of Colonel John Crysler, of Crysler's
Farm, Dundas Co., U.C. (who was born on the 9th
July, 1825, and died 3rd September, 1905), and
died on the i5th December, 1904, at Montreal.
They had issue:
1. Joseph Hardcastle, born 6th February,
1847; died i7th February, 1849,
2. Florence Anna, born 29th July, 1848;
married i5th June, 1869, to Captain H. Bonham
Clay, 1 3th Hussars, and has issue:
(1) Bertha Florence, married the late
Grant Macintosh, of Montreal.
(2) Cecil Buchanan.
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 247
(3) Ethel Agnes, married William Forbes
Forbes, of Montreal.
(4) Mabel Elizabeth.
(5) Eveline Ellen.
(6) Constance Josephine.
(7) Harold Bonham.
(8) Gladys Margaret.
3. Bertha Elizabeth, born 2gth July, 1848;
married igth September, 1867, to John Henry
Pangman, Seigneur of St. Henri de Mascouche,
and has issue :
(1) Florence Bertha, died loth March,
1892.
(2) Henry Gerald.
(3) Claud Oliver, married Lillian, daugh-
ter of A. H. Murphy, and has issue.
(4) Mabel Ella.
(5) Cecil Carlisle married Maud, daughter
of Edward L. Sewell, of Quebec, and has
issue.
(6) Lionel Buchanan, married igth Feb-
ruary, 1908, Mary Graham, daughter of the
late Professor Dawson.
(7) John Henry, married 2oth May, 1910,
Gladys Arnold, daughter of Mrs S. C.
Steven
4. James Oliver, born 29th November, 1849;
married 6th September, 1876, Emmeline, daughter
of the Hon. Mr. Justice Morrison, of Toronto, and
has issue :
(i) Earl, died.
248 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
(2) Zulu Emmeline, married George
Gooderham Mitchell, of Toronto.
(3) Gladys, married Norman Seagram,
Toronto.
(4) Roy Beresford.
(5) Oliver.
5. Robert Stewart, born 22nd September,
1852; married 2oth September, 1877, Mabel,
daughter of John Stewart Buchanan, of Chicago,
and has issue :
(1) Persis Elizabeth, born 24th January,
1881 ; died igth February, 1884.
(2) Bertram Oliver, born 7th April, 1883.
6. Reginald Heber, born 5th January, 1855;
married 2gth October, 1880, Hattie, daughter of
Revd. Dr. Bancroft, of Montreal, and has issue:
(1) Rupert Bancroft, married Miss Win-
chester.
(2) Dorothy Bancroft.
(3) Olive Bancroft.
(4) Louie.
(5) Heber.
7. Harold Walter, born i2th June, 1857;
married Anna Catherine, daughter of the late
Michael Conrad Gie, of Ealing, London, who died
23rd December, 1905.
8. Sydenham Percy, born nth December,
1863; married i$th August, 1891, Helena August
Bloor, and has issue :
(1) Drayton.
(2) Gretchen.
JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL 249
9. Victor Carl, born 26th September, 1869;
married 6th June, 1895, Margaret, daughter of M.
Erb, of Berlin, Ont., and has issue:
(i) Kathleen Margaret Lydia.
XVI. Caroline, born on the 2nd March, 1824,
at New York, and named after a Miss Black. She
was married on the 7th August, 1851, at Drum-
mondville, Niagara Falls, by the Revd. William
Leeming, Rector, to Kenneth Mackenzie Moffatt,
Captain in the Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment,
son of the Hon. George Moffatt, of Montreal. Col.
Moffatt, who was born in 1823, entered the army in
1847, an d for some years commanded the Royal
Canadians, which regiment was ultimately dis-
banded. He died on the nth March, 1885, at
Toronto, where he was Commissioner of the Canada
Loan Co. She died on the i6th December, 1894,
at Toronto. They had issue:
1. George Buchanan, born i3th December,
1854; received his commission of Inspector in the
Northwest Mounted Police in 1883; married 3rd
September, 1884, Katherine Jane, daughter of
Augustus Jukes, M.D., of St. Catharines, Ont., and
has issue.
2. William Rowan Hume, born 3oth July,
1856.
3. Kenneth Ogilvie, born 7th July, 1861;
married i2th March, 1890, at Toronto, Kathleen
Monaghan.
i. Sophie, born i$th March, 1852, and died
28th August, 1854.
250 JAMES BUCHANAN, H.B.M. CONSUL
2. Ida Caroline, now living in England.
XVII. Jane Georgina, born on i3th Jan-
uary, 1829, at New York, and was named after her
sister Jane, and Georgina added out of regard to
her uncle, George Buchanan, who at the time she
was born had come from Ireland on a visit to his
brother, James Buchanan. She was married on the
1 6th September, 1852, at Monkstown, near Dublin,
to Joseph Orr Robinson, solicitor, of Inner Temple,
London, and died on the iyth November, 1885,
at St. Catharines, Ont. Joseph Robinson died on
the 1 3th April, 1898, at Rockferry, England.
They had issue:
1. Edgar Albert, born 1853 and died 1854.
2. James Buchanan, born 1855 ; married 1892
Helen Nichol, of Milwaukee, Wis., and has issue.
3. Edith, born 1857, and died 1861.
4. Arthur Wells, born 1861; married 1892
Margaret Beatrice, daughter of T. M. Taylor, of
Montreal, and has issue.
5. Theodora Josephine, born 1866; married
1889 to Ewald Lowen of Eberfeld, Germany, and
died there 5th February, 1900, leaving issue.
The Buchanans of Carbeth.
The Buchanans of Carbeth. 1
I. Thomas Buchanan, First of Carbeth, is
said by Auchmar ( 2 ) to have been the second or
third son of Sir Walter, third of that name Laird
of Buchanan, but Strathendrick says that he was
a younger son of Thomas Buchanan, of Gartin-
caber and Drummikill.te) He acquired Carbeth,
in 1476. He had two sons:
(1) Thomas, his successor; and
(2) John in Easter Ballat.
II. Thomas Buchanan, of Carbeth, suc-
ceeded his father about 1493, an d on his death,
about 1555, was succeeded by his nephew, Thomas
Buchanan, son of John Buchanan in Easter Ballat.
III. Thomas Buchanan, of Carbeth, was
married twice ; first, to a daughter of Douglas of
Maines, by whom he had :
(1) Thomas, his successor.
He married, secondly, Janet, daughter of the Laird
of Buchanan and by her had five sons and one
daughter:
(2) John of Gartincaber, ancestor of the Bu-
chanans of Blairlusk; (4)
(3) Walter of Ballindoran;
(4) William of Blairnabord;
(i) The account of this branch of the family is taken almost entirely
from Strathendrick.
(2} Auchmar, p. 235 (1820 Edition).
(3) Strathendrick, p. 346.
(4) For an account of the Buchanans of Blairlusk, see p. 189.
254 THE BUCHANANS O* CARBBTH.
(5) Archibald;
(6) Robert; and
(i) Janet, married to Gre -or McGregor, of
Glengyle.
IV. Thomas Buchanan, of Carbeth, who
succeeded about 1605, and died about 1610; mar-
ried Isobel Leckie and had :
(1) Thomas, his successor;
(2) James of Balfunning;
(3) William of Arnpryor, who married Agnes
Rig, and died 1631, leaving two daugh-
ters, Margaret and Elizabeth, who
sold Arnpryor.
V. Thomas Buchanan, of Carbeth, married,
first, a daughter of Adam Colquhoun, merchant
in Dumbarton, and had two sons:
(1) John, his successor; and
(2) Walter.
He is said to have married, secondly, Agnes Blair.
VI. John Buchanan, of Carbeth, married
about 1632, Janet, daughter of William Buchanan
of Ross, and had two sons :
(1) John, his successor.
(2) Moses of Glins, who married Jean Hamil-
ton, daughter of William Hamilton of
Auchintoshan, and had Jean who, in
1700, married John Dennistoun of
Colgrain.
VII. John Buchanan, of Carbeth, 1633-1710,
who married, first, a daughter of Cleland of Ward-
head, by whom he had two daughters:
THE BUCHANANS OF CARBETH 255
(1) Janet, married to John Callender of
Westertoun; and
(2) Margaret, married to Thomas Buchanan
of Boquhan.
He married, secondly, Margaret Steven, daughter
and heiress of Walter Steven of Easter Catter
and Finnick Tennent, by whom he had :
(1) John, his successor;
(2) Moses of Glins ; and
(i) Jean, married, in 1696, to William Bu-
chanan of Auchmar.
VIII. John Buchanan, of Carbeth, 1668-
1724, married, in 1693, Margaret (died 1746),
daughter of Stirling of Kippendavie, and had,
among other issue, two sons, William, his suc-
cessor, and Moses, born 1706, a surgeon in
Jamaica, died about 1737.
IX. William Buchanan, of Carbeth, 1695-
1737, married in 1717, Margaret, eldest daughter
of James Kincaid of Auchinreoch (she died in
1767), by whom he had issue, among others,
John, his successor; James, born 1724, went to
sea and died 1745; Moses, born 1727, died 1741;
Charles, born 1728, died 1752, in Jamaica, where
he was a surgeon.
X. John Buchanan, of Carbeth 1720-1790,
married Ann Buchanan (1719-1794), daughter of
James Buchanan, of Cremannan, and had issue:
(i) William, born 1747, Captain 35th Regi-
ment, was at battle of Bunker Hill,
died at New York 1777;
256 THE BUCHANANS OF CARBETH
(2) James;
(3) Ann, 1750-1815;
(4) Margaret, 1751-1769;
(5) Christian;
(6) John, who succeeded his father;
(7) Elizabeth, 1758-1812;
(8) Charles, 1759-1772; and
(9) Jean, 1762-1807.
XI. John Buchanan, of Carbeth, 1755-1825,
married, in 1802, Margaret, daughter of James
Lock, and had :
(1) Margaret Lock, born 1804;
(2) John, his successor;
(3) James, born 1809, settled in Canada, mar-
ried there, in 1836, Mary Patrick,
daughter of Thomas Chase Patrick, of
Bushhill, formerly of Suffolk, England,
and had among other issue, Charles
Kincaid Buchanan;
(4) Ann Jane, born 1811, died in Edinburgh.
XII. John Buchanan, of Carbeth, born
1807; died i4th March, 1872. He married, in
1836, Mary Louisa, daughter of Sir Henry
Bayley, K.C.B., and had, among other issue, two
daughters (who, having succeeded him, sold
Carbeth), Ann Jane Buchanan, of Carbeth, mar-
ried in 1894, Archibald Bell; and Henrietta Char-
lotte Buchanan married, in 1871, the late Colonel
John Stirling Stirling of Gargunnock, late Royal
Artillery, and has issue :
(i) Charles, born 1873;
THE BUCHANANS OF CARBETH 257
(2) Anselan John Buchanan, born 1875;
(3) James Hay, born 1882;
(4) Henry Francis Dundas, born 1883;
(1) Louisa Christian.
(2) Kathleen Caroline Anna.
(3) Josephine Marion.
The Buchanans of Ardoch.
The Buchanans of Ardoch.
I. William Buchanan, first of Ardoch, eldest
son of Thomas Buchanan, of Over Gartincaber,
born 1651, acquired in 1693, the lands of Ardoch
from William Cochran of Kilmaronock, and mar-
ried Grizel Buchanan, and died 1723, having had,
Thomas, born 1678, a writer in Dumbarton, a
Sheriff Clerk and a Commissioner of Supply.
" His attachment to the Jacobite cause brought
"him into suspicion during the commotions of
".1715, and it is said that he was detained in the
" Castle of Dumbarton to prevent him joining in
"the rising of that year.'W He married, in
1704, Agnes, daughter of Rev. John Bogle, and
died in 1717, leaving issue :
(1) John, who succeeded his grandfather;
(2) Francis, merchant in London, born in
1715 and died in 1773 s. p.
II. John Buchanan, an eminent lawyer in
Glasgow, born in 1706 and died i3th January,
1774. He married, first, in 1731, Mary, daughter
of William Crawford, merchant in Glasgow, and
had issue :
(1) Mary, born in 1732; married in 1764, Rev.
James Graham, Minister of Bonhill;
died 1814;
(2) Thomas, his successor;
(i) Strathendriclc, pp. 354-57-
262 THE BUCHANANS OF ARDOCH
(3) Agnes, born 1734; married 1759, John
Buchanan of Ledrishmore, died 1812,
s. p.
He married, secondly, in 1747, Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Walter Buchanan, of Teucher Hill, writer
in Glasgow, and relict of Alexander Buchanan of
Cremannan, and had one daughter,
(4) Frances, born 1751 ; married in 1770, John
Maxwell, of Dargaval; died 1774,
leaving issue.
III. Thomas Buchanan, merchant in Glas-
gow, born 6th November, 1733; died loth De-
cember, 1789. He married, first, in 1759,
Margaret, daughter and heiress of Moses Buchan-
an of Ballochruin, and had a son:
(1) John Buchanan, of Ardoch and Balloch,
his successor.
He married, secondly, in 1764, Jean, daughter of
John Gray of Dalmarnock, and had among others :
(2) James Gray-Buchanan, of Scotstown.
(3) Elizabeth, born 1772; married 1793, Alex-
ander Gordon, of Glasgow, and died
1849, leaving issue.
He married, thirdly, in 1774, Helen, daughter of
William Graham, of Birdstone, and had among
others :
(4) William W. S., born 1777; married, in
1803, the Hon. Elizabeth Murray,
daughter of Lord Elibank, and died
in 1864, leaving issue.
THE BUCHANANS OF ARDOCH 263
(5) Helen, born in 1779; married in 1810,
John Balfour; died 1816, leaving issue ;
(6) Marion, born 1782, died 1822;
(7) Robert, born 1786, died 1870; married,
first, in 1817, Margaret, daughter of
William Dunlop, of Annanhill ; second-
ly, in 1832, Margaret Dickson, by both
of whom he had issue ;
(8) Thomas Graham, born 1787, died 1871,
unmarried ;
(9) Archibald, Commander R. N., born 1789;
married 1819, Matilda, daughter of
James d'Albiac, and died 1822 leaving
issue.
IV. John Buchanan, of Ardoch and Balloch,
born 8th January, 1761; married in 1785, Eliza-
beth, daughter of John Parkes, of Netherton, and
had by her, who died 4th September, 1807,
(1) Mary, born 1787, married Robert Findlay,
of Easter Hill, died 1869;
(2) John, his successor;
(3) Margaret, born 1802 and died 1825;
(4) Elizabeth, born 1807 and died 1867.
In 1794 he was appointed Deputy Lieutenant;
in 1820, Vice-Lieutenant of the County of Dum-
bartonshire; and in 1821 he was elected M.P. for
the County. He died 26th June, 1839, having
sold Ardoch, in 1836, to his half brother, Robert
Buchanan.
V. John Buchanan, of Ardoch, J.P., born
24th March. 1799; married in 1840, Helen, daugh-
264 THE BUCHANANS OF ARDOCH
ter of John MacGregor, of Edinburgh, and died
8th January, 1875, leaving issue,
VI. Thomas John Buchanan, Lieutenant
52nd Light Infantry and Captain Royal Sher-
wood Foresters Militia; born 8th April, 1843;
married iyth September, 1868, Janet d'Albedhyll,
daughter of Lieutenant Colonel John Money
Carter, late ist Royal Scots, and grand-daughter
of Alexander, 8th Lord Elibank, and died 2nd
November, 1878, having by her, who died 8th
May, 1890, had issue:
VII. John Parkes Buchanan, born loth
June, 1869; married 2ist April, 1896, Hilda,
daughter of Colonel Richard I. Crawford, and
died 30th July, 1900, leaving issue, Maurice
John Parkes, born 6th March, 1897.
Gray- Buchanans of Scotstown.
Gray- Buchanans of Scotstown.
James Gray-Buchanan, of Scotstown, mer-
chant in Glasgow, second son of Thomas Buchan-
an, 3rd of Ardoch, was born i;th June, 1766;
married gth July, 1798, Anne, youngest daughter
of John Parkes, of Netherton, by whom he had,
Thomas, his successor. In 1841 he assumed the
additional name of Gray on succeeding to his
cousin, John Gray of Eastfield and Scotstown,
and, in 1847, he acquired the lands of Ardoch
from his half brother, John Buchanan. He died
in 1855, leaving a son:
Thomas Gray -Buchanan, of Ardoch and
Scotstown, merchant in Glasgow, born 8th No-
vember, 1804; married i5th October, 1835, Mary,
daughter of Michael Rowand (who died in 1888).
In 1857, he succeeded to the lands of Ardoch
which he sold, in 1863, to John Findlay of Easter
Hill and Boturrich, from whom they were subse-
quently acquired by Sir George Leith-Buchanan.
He died igth June, 1875, leaving issue:
( i ) James Ross Gray-Buchanan, of Scotstown,
who served for many years in the 26th
Regiment of Cameronians, and late
Lieutenant-Colonel and Hon. Colonel
Commanding 3rd and 4th Bat. Cam-
eronians Scottish Rifles; born 30th
268 GRAY-BUCHANANS OF SCOTSTOWN
January, 1840; married 26th August,
1863, Kate, daughter of James Farie,
of Farme, and by her (who died in
1888), had issue: Thomas Farie, born
1875, died 1899 unmarried; James
Morris, born 1877 ; Malcolm, born 1878,
died 1882 ; Walter Bruce, Lieutenant
3rd Bat. Cameronians Scottish Rifles,
born 1885; Cecil Gordon, born 1886;
Janet Edith ; Mary Rose ; Kate Farie ;
Violet Sybil; Gertrude; and Elizabeth.
(2) Michael Rowand, of Ettrickdale, born
1846; married 1877, Frederica, daugh-
ter of Henry Stuart, and has issue,
Claude, born 1878; Kenneth, born
1880; Ronald, born 1883; and Freder-
ick, born 1887.
(3) Thomas Gray, born 1849, died 1852.
(4) Alexander Wilson Gray-Buchanan, of
Parkhill, County Stirling, born i9th
March, 1851; married 3rd August,
1 88 1, Mary Sophie, daughter of Colin
R. Dunlop, and died i8th July, 1909,
and had issue: Rev. Alastair Gray-
Buchanan, B. A., Minister of St. Mar-
tin's Episcopal Chapel, Leeds, Eng.,
born 24th November, 1883; Mary;
Annie ; and Ellen.
(1) Margaret Rowand, died 1839.
(2) Anne Parkes, married 1859, Henry John
MacLean, Captain Rifle Brigade, son
GRAY-BUCHANANS OF SCOTSTOWN 269
of Sir George MacLean, K. C. D. ; died
1871, leaving issue.
(3) Mary Rowand, married 1865, A. R. A.
Boyd, Lieutenant 9 2nd Gordon High-
landers, son of Surgeon General D.
Boyd, and died in 1872, leaving issue.
(4) Jane Catharine, married in 1874, George
James Dunlop, son of James Dunlop,
of Tollcross, and has issue.
The Buchanans of Auchmar.
The Buchanans of Auchmar.
I. William Buchanan, First of Auchmar,
was the first son of George Buchanan, lyth Laird
of Buchanan, by his second wife, Janet Cunning-
ham. He was granted the lands of Auchmar by
his father on the 3rd January, 1547. He mar-
ried Elizabeth Hamilton, daughter of the Laird of
Inchmachan or Eglishmachan, and died before
1588. He had three sons and two daughters:
(1) Patrick;
(2) George, who succeeded his brother Pat-
rick; and
(3) Mr. William, the first cadet of the family,
who went to Ireland and became man-
ager and factor for the Estate of the
family of Hamilton, then Lords of
Clandeboys, and afterwards Earl of
Clanbrazil, Co. Down. He married in
Ireland and had one son, Major William
Buchanan, " a very brave gentleman,
" who was major to George, Laird of
"Buchanan's Regiment, at the fatal
" conflict betwixt the Scots and English
" at Ennerkei thing. The Major, upon
4 'defeat of the Scottish army, being
" well mounted, made his way through
"a party of English horsemen, and
274 THE BUCHANANS O* AUCHMAR
" though pursued for some miles, came
1 ' off safe, having killed divers of the
"pursuers. He went afterwards to
' ' Ireland and purchased an Estate
" there called Scrabohill, near Newtown
" Clandeboys, in the County of Down.
" He had two sons, the eldest continued
"in Ireland and the younger went
" abroad. "W He had also two daugh-
ters, both married in that country:
(1) Margaret, married to Cunningham of
Blairquhosh, and
(2) A daughter married to James Colquhoun,
of Glasgow.
II. Patrick Buchanan, second Laird of
Auchmar, married Helen, daughter and heiress of
Mr. Thomas Buchanan of Ibert, "nephew to the
"great Mr. George Buchanan, which Thomas be-
" came lord privy seal by resignation of that office
"in his favour by Mr. George his uncle."< 2) Mr.
Thomas Buchanan was married to the daughter
of John, 1 8th Laird of Buchanan. Patrick died
s. p. in 1603 and was succeeded by his brother.
III. George Buchanan, of Auchmar, who
married Janet Stewart, daughter of Andrew
Stewart, and had,
(1) Patrick, his successor;
(2) John, whose issue became extinct;
(3) Andrew, whose issue became extinct;
(1) Auchmar, p. 190.
(2) Auchmar, p. i87.
THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHMAR 275
(4) Mr. Maurice, who was the second cadet of
the family of Auchmar. He was a
preacher in the County of Tyrone, and
had one son, James, who had only one
son, Captain Maurice Buchanan, who
in 1723 resided near Dublin;
(5) Major William, who was a captain in the
Swedish Service in Germany. " He
" was upon account of his valour, con-
duct and other laudable qualities,
" very much esteemed, having signal -
" ized himself upon diverse occasions,
4 ' particularly in vanquishing an Italian,
" who had acquired very much fame
"by his martial achievements, and
" dexterity always in performing divers
" feats of arms, having carried the prize
"in all places he went to, till at the
" last he was overcome by this Captain
" William, no less to his honour, than
" to the Italian's disgrace. Upon ac-
" count of this action he obtained a
"major's commission, but was within
"a few days thereafter killed in the
"said service. "W He married Anna
Pennell, an English woman, and his
descendants continued in Germany;
(6) Robert, whose issue became extinct ; and
(7) George, who had one son William, who
married at London and left a son
(i) Auchmar, p. 191.
276 THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHMAR
James, who in 1723 was a merchant
in London;
(1) Janet, married to Robert Colquhoun, of
Camstradden, and
(2) A daughter married to Captain Petti-
groe.
George Buchanan died before 1662.
IV. Patrick Buchanan, who married about
1629 Agnes, daughter of William Buchanan of
Ross, and had by her one son and five daughters,
( i ) John , his successor ;
(1) Janet, married to William Buchanan of
Cameron ;
(2) Mary, married to Thomas Anderson;
(3) Elizabeth, married to Walter McFarlane;
(4) Agnes, married to William Galbraith of
Arnfinlay, and
(5) Jean, married to Bartholomew Nairne of
Meikle Batturich.
V. John Buchanan, who married, in 1666,
Anna, daughter of John Graham of Duchray,
and had,
(1) William; and
(2) Colin, who married Anna, daughter of
James Hamilton of Aitkenhead.
(1) Margaret, married Robert Graham of
Glenny ;
(2) Catherine, married, first, George Buchanan,
son of Arthur Buchanan of Auchlessie,
and afterwards to Andrew Stewart of
Drymen ;
THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHMAR 277
(3) A daughter married to Robert Stewart of
Calliemore, and
(4) Elizabeth, married to George McFarlane of
Dry men.
VI. William Buchanan, the historian of the
Family of Buchanan, married in 1696, Jean,
daughter of John Buchanan, of Carbeth, and
died in 1747, and had,
(1) John, who died in 1744;
(2) Bernard, who died between 1721 and 1747;
(3) Alexander, his successor.
VII. Alexander Buchanan, who married
Christian Campbell (who died in 1808). He had
two sons,
(1) William; and
(2) James.
VIII. William Buchanan sold his lands in
1789 to Andrew Buchanan of Jamaica, merchant.
He married, in 1796, Sarah Bartlet, second daugh-
ter of Benjamin Bartlet, storekeeper, Edinburgh
Castle. He was drowned, in 1797, off the coast
of America.
IX. James Buchanan, the 9th Laird of
Auchmar, was born about 1758 and died s. p. in
1816. In 1803 he sold his rights of redemption
of the lands of Auchmar to Andrew Buchanan, of
Jamaica, who sold them the same year to his
brother-in-law, Peter Buchanan. Andrew Bu-
chanan had married Jean, and Peter Buchanan
had married Margaret, both daughters of Isaac
Buchanan (1705-1788), of Gartfarn, son of John
278 THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHMAR
Buchanan, of Little Croy, and of his wife, a
daughter of George McPharlan, merchant (') of
high standing in Glasgow, and had among other
sons, Peter Buchanan, the younger, who, having
succeeded his father, sold Auchmar in 1830, to
the Duke of Montrose, and Isaac Buchanan.
The second son, the Honourable Isaac Buchan-
an of " Auchmar," of Hamilton, Upper Canada,
was born at Glasgow on the 2ist July, 1810. He
entered upon a mercantile career and went, in
1813, to Canada, where he achieved a reputation
as merchant and political economist, and having
entered Parliament became a member of the Gov-
ernment. He married, in January, 1813, Agnes,
daughter of Robert Jarvis, of Glasgow, and had,
(1) Peter Toronto Buchanan, of Hamilton,
born yth May, 1844, at Toronto, Upper
Canada; member Buchanan Society,
1861; died at Hamilton, 9th Novem-
ber, 1898, unmarried.
(2) Robert Andrew Washington Buchanan, of
Hamilton, born New York City, 2gth
February, 1848; died at Hamilton in
1852.
(3) Harris Buchanan, of Pittsburgh, Pa., born
at Birkenhead, England, loth April,
1851 ; member Buchanan Society, 1870;
married Victoria Cleghorn and Kath-
erine H. Barker; died at East Liberty,
Pittsburgh, on the ist May, 1903 ; issue,
(i) Strathendrick, pp. 342 and 376.
THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHMAR 279
Isaac Victor Buchanan and George
Peter Buchanan, both of Pittsburgh
and members of the Buchanan Society,
1903.
(4) Isaac Robert Buchanan, of Denver, Col-
orado, born Hamilton, 27th May, 1852;
died Denver, 2ist March, 1884, un-
married.
(5) James Isaac Buchanan, of Pittsburgh,
born 3rd August, 1853, near Hamilton ;
member Buchanan Society, 1870; mar-
ried nth July, 1901, Eliza MacFar-
lane, daughter of Isaiah Graham
Macfarlane.
(6) Robert Jarvis Buchanan, of Hamilton,
born near Hamilton, 22nd August,
1859; unmarried.
( 7 ) Douglas Buchanan of Pittsburgh, born near
Hamilton, 9th December, 1860; mem-
ber Buchanan Society, 1893; married
Sarah Eleanor Gray son ; issue, Douglas
Grayson Buchanan and Evelyn Eleanor
Buchanan.
The Buchanans of Hales Hall.
The Buchanans of Hales Hall.
The Buchanans of Hales Hall, near Market
Dray ton, Staffordshire, claim descent from the
Buchanans of Auchmar. Archibald Buchanan
settled in the North of Ireland in 1686. His
grandson, John Buchanan, of Donnelly, co.
Donegal, married in 1785, Elizabeth, daughter of
John Phillips, Wavertree, Lancashire, and died
in 1796, leaving issue:
1. Phillips Buchanan, an officer in the 3rd
Light Dragoons, who was killed at the battle
of Waterloo.
2. Alexander Henry Buchanan, of whom here-
after.
3. William Theophilus Buchanan, of North
Cote, near Westbury, Gloucestershire. He was an
officer of the i3th Light Dragoons, and served
through the Peninsular war, being engaged almost
daily during the march of Lord Hill's division
across the Pyrenees, and also frequently on the
Toulouse. He married in 1823, Eliza Anne,
daughter of Rev. Richard Massey, of Coddrington,
Cheshire, and died in 1865.
4. James Buchanan, died young.
i. Eleanor, married Clement Swetenham, of
Somerford Booth, Cheshire.
Rev. Alexander Henry Buchanan, J.P., of Hales
Hall, which he acquired in 1824, born in 1790;
284 THE BUCHANANS OF HALES HALL
married in 1819, Susanne, daughter of Nathaniel
Maxey Pattison, of West House, co. Chester, and
had issue:
1. Phillips Buchanan, J.P., late of Hales Hall,
formerly of the 6th Dragoons, born in 1820;
married in 1848, Louisa Lucy, daughter of Robert
Townley Parker, M.P., of Guerdon Hall, Lan-
cashire, and died in 1895, having by her (who died
in 1891) had issue: i. Alexander Phillips, d. s. p.
1862. i. Louisa Constance, died in 1862. 2. Edith
Mary, married in 1874, Edward Maltby Wakeman,
of Coton Hill, Bridgnorth, and has issue. 3. Jessie
Marion, married in 1884, Francis Bernard Critchley-
Salmonson, Rosenau, Devon, and has issue Ronald.
2. James Maxey Buchanan, entered Army in
1844, and became Captain yoth Regiment; married
Sophia Matilda, daughter of Arthur Champion
Barwell, B.S.C., and had issue: i. Henry Barwell
Maxey Buchanan, now of Hales Hall; 2. Leicester
Buchanan, d.s.p. ; 3. Percy Maxey Buchanan,
married in 1889, Ida Mary, daughter of John
Forbes-Robertson ; 4. Reginald Buchanan, who left
issue, Reginald Barwell, Sydney, Ethel Maud and
Mabel, i. Nina Maxey, married in 1890, John
Hinton Campbell, and has issue, Eric who died and
Robin Hasluck; 2. Ethel Helen, married in 1889,
Major H. D. Wilmot Mitchell, i4th Hussars, and
has issue; 3. Mildred Clare, married in 1894 Arthur
Knowles, of Alvaston House, Cheshire, and has
issue, John Buchanan and Richard.
3. William Buchanan, died at Madeira, in 1862.
THE BUCHANANS OF HALES HALL 285
4. Alexander Buchanan (Rev.), married in 1872,
Ann Alice, daughter of Richard Fort, M.P., Read
Hall, Lancashire. He died in 1906, leaving issue :
Dorothy Elsie, who died; Monica, who married
Captain Peter Mason, 20th Hussars; and Evelyn,
who married Harvey de Montmorency, Royal
Artillery.
5. Clement Buchanan, died in 1856.
6. Henry Brian Buchanan, of Newquay, Corn-
wall, Lieut. -Colonel late Rifle Brigade, born in
1845 ' entered the army in 1867, and retired in 1884
with the rank of Lieut-Colonel. He married, in
1886, Alice, daughter of Lewis Pratt.
1. Susan, married in 1852, Arthur Brooke,
son of Sir Richard Brooke, Bart., of Norton Priory,
Cheshire, and died in 1852, leaving issue.
2. Helen Mary.
Henry Barwell Maxey Buchanan, of Hales
Hall, B.A., Cambridge, formerly in the Royal
Navy, born in 1852, succeeded his uncle in 1895;
married first, in 1878, Sabrina Kate, daughter
of Col. MacHutchin, and has issue: Harry Leslie
Barwell, born in 1879, and Claud James, born in
1883 ; secondly,in 1906, Ellen Alice Emma, youngest
daughter of the late Stephen Lynch, son of
Major Lynch of Partry House, Ballinrobe, co.
Mayo, Ireland.
The Buchanans of Spittal
The Buchanans of Spittal.
The ancestor of the family of Spittal and
the first to acquire these lands was:
I. Walter Buchanan, of Easter Catter, said
by Auchmar to have been the son of Patrick,
second of that name, i6th Laird of Buchanan,
but by others to have been the son of Walter
Buchanan of Buchanan. This Walter Buchanan,
First Laird of Spittal, married Isabel Cunning-
ham, daughter of the ist Earl of Glencairn. He
acquired the lands of Spittal in 1519, those of
Arrochymore in 1530, and those of Blairvockie
(Blairwoky or Blairvoky 1 ) in 1535.
II. Edward Buchanan, of Spittal, succeeded
his father, 2 and married Christian Galbraith,
daughter of the Laird of Culcruich. He had
two sons: (i) Robert, his successor, and (2)
George, first cadet of Spittal, and the ancestor
of the Buchanans in Arrachybeg, who had one
son, William, who obtained part of the lands
of Arrachybeg in Buchanan parish. William
had one son, Donald, who had four sons: William,
Duncan, Robert and Walter. Of these, William
had one son, Donald of Arrachybeg, who had
issue. Duncan had one son, John, who had also
1 Auchmar, p. 194.
2 Auchmar says that Walter Buchanan was succeeded by his son
John, but the account given in Strathendrick appears more satisfactory.
290 THE BUCHANANS OF SPITTAL
one son, Duncan, who, in 1723, was in the Foot
Guards. Robert, who was killed in 1645, had
no male issue. Walter, who lived in Cashill in
Buchanan parish, had two sons, John and William,
who had issue.
III. Robert Buchanan, of Spittal, married
Margaret Galbraith and had two sons: (i) Walter,
his successor, and (2) Andrew, the second cadet
of Spittal. " This Andrew," says Auchmar,
" seems to have been a man of education, and
" was factor to part of the Earl of Mar's estate
" for some time. He bought Blairvocky from
" Spittel, and having never married, disponed
" that interest to Walter Buchanan, his nephew,
"ancestor to the Buchanans of Blairvocky." 1
IV. Walter Buchanan, of Spittal, married,
first, in 1593, Jean, daughter of John Stirling
of Craigbarnet, and, secondly, Margaret Lawson,
and had two sons: (i) Edward, his successor,
and (2) Walter Buchanan, the third cadet of
Spittal and the first Laird of Blairvockie. 2
V. Edward Buchanan, of Spittal, married,
first, about 1630, Helen, daughter of Edmond-
stone of Balleun, and had two sons: (i) James,
who married in 1648, Janet Buchanan, daughter
of John Buchanan of Cashlie, and had five sons:
Edward, who succeeded his grandfather; Captain
John, who " was captain in the Dutch and Eng-
" lish service, during the whole time of the wars
1 Auchmar, p. 197.
2 Seepage 301.
THE BUCHANANS OF SPITTAL 291
11 betwixt the French, English and Dutch, with
11 their other confederates, from the year 1690,
" till the last peace; and was also an officer in
" the service of the Dutch, and some other states
" of Europe, a good many years before the com-
" mencement of these wars"; Captain Archi-
bald, " who for divers years before his death was
" one of the captains of the King's horseguards,
" being a gentleman inferior to none of his
"age and station in all valuable qualities*'; 1
Andrew and Walter, both of whom died unmar-
ried. James Buchanan died before his father
between the years 1659 and 1664, and in 1666 his
widow married Walter Buchanan, fiar of Blair-
vockie;* and (2) Captain John Buchanan, of
Sir George Buchanan's Regiment, " who was
41 killed at the fatal conflict betwixt the Scots
" and the English at Ennerkeithing." 8
Edward, 5th Laird of Spittal, married, secondly,
in 1646, Margaret Buchanan, daughter of John
Buchanan of Ross, and had: (3) Robert, Dean
of the bakers in Glasgow, whose son Robert,
writer in Glasgow, married *' Jean Buchanan,
daughter of Archibald Buchanan, Laird of Drum-
head, who died in 1729; and (4) Edward, "who
" was a man of great learning, and died while
" at the study of divinity in the College of
" Edinburgh." 4
1 Auchmar, p. 199.
2 Stratbenclnck. p. 369.
3 Auchmar, p. 195.
4 Auchmar, p. 196.
29 2 TH E BUCHANANS OF SPITTAL
Edward Buchanan died in 1669.
VI. Edward Buchanan, of Spittal, who suc-
ceeded his grandfather, married in 1673, Chris-
tian Mitchell, daughter of Mr. Thomas Mitchell,
minister at Kilmarnock, and had two sons:
(i) John, his successor; and (2) Thomas, chirur-
geon in Glasgow, who married a daughter of
Napier of Ballachairn, and by her had a daughter
Christina, married Thomas Napier, of Glasgow;
and a son, John Buchanan, M.D., who married
the daughter of Sir Archibald Primrose, Bart.,
and had a daughter, Susan.
VII. John Buchanan, of Spittal, married
in 1707, Margaret Muirhead, daughter of Patrick
Muirhead of Rashie Hill, and relict of Robert
Buchanan of Arnpryor, and had three sons and
one daughter: (i) Robert, who succeeded his
father; (2) Peter, afterwards of Spittal; (3)
Thomas, also afterwards of Spittal; and (i)
Christian, who married, as his second wife, Robert
Buchanan of Leny.
VIII. Robert Buchanan, of Spittal, succeeded
his father before 1733. He entered the Dutch
service, and became Colonel Commandant of
Dundas's Regiment of Scots Dutch. In 1735,
he sold the lands of Gartachorran to Thomas
Buchanan, surgeon in Glasgow, and in the same
year he sold the lands of Spittal to his brother,
Peter Buchanan. He died after 1770, s.p.
IX. Peter Buchanan sold Spittal in 1755 to
his brother, Thomas Buchanan. Peter Buchanan
THE BUCHANANS OF SPITTAL 293
married Agnes, second daughter of James Hamil-
ton of Hutcheson, but died s.p. " He, (Peter
4 ' Buchanan of Spittal) as well as the memorialist
" (Thomas Buchanan afterwards of Spittal, Leny
" and Bardowie) were apprehended in 1746 at
"the same time with Arnprior, and earned
4< prisoners first to Stirling Castle, and after -
44 wards to Carlisle, in which last place they were
44 confined for many months in irons, and in a
14 loathsome dungeon with a crowd of other
44 prisoners of all ranks, and though he and the
44 memorialist were afterwards acquitted and
''liberated, yet Peter Buchanan's constitution,
14 in consequence of what he suffered, was quite
44 broken, and even his memory affected." 1
X. Thomas Buchanan, who was an officer
in the Dutch service, married, first, Katherine,
youngest daughter of Henry Buchanan of Leny,
who died s.p., and secondly, Elizabeth, daughter
of John Hamilton of Bardowie, by which marriage
the Buchanans of Spittal succeeded to Bardowie.
They also succeeded to Leny as heir of entail on
the death of Margaret Buchanan, last survivor of
the family of Henry Buchanan of Leny. By
Elizabeth Hamilton he had issue: (i) Henry, died
unmarried; (2) John Buchanan, who succeeded to
the estates of Spittal and Bardowie and took the
name of Hamilton, born in 1758, married 1790,
Margaret, daughter of Sir Hew Crawford of
i Strathendrick, j>. 370 and seq.
294 TH ^ BUCHANANS OF SPITTAL
Jordanhill, and died s.p. in 1818; (3) Robert
Hamilton Buchanan, Lieutenant R.N. British
Fusiliers, born in 1760, married Cornelia Tinker,
and died leaving a son, Robert Hamilton
Buchanan, Captain 24th Regiment Bengal Native
Infantry, who died unmarried before his uncle,
John Buchanan-Hamilton; (4) Francis Buchanan,
who succeeded his brother John, and assumed
the name of Hamilton; (5) Peter Buchanan,
Captain in the 23rd Regiment of Fusiliers, born
in 1767, died unmarried; (i) Elizabeth Buchanan
married, first, Robert Grahame of Gartmore;
secondly, Robert Fairfoul, of Strowie, and (2)
Marion Buchanan, born 1766, married J. H. S.
Crawford of Cowdonhill.
XI. Francis Buchanan-Hamilton, M.D., of
Spittal, Bardowie and Leny, succeeded his
brother, John Buchanan-Hamilton. 1 "In 1828
1 ' he was served heir male to his great -great -great -
1 ' great - great - great - great - grandfather, Walter
" Buchanan of Spittal, and established his claim,
" in absence of other competitors, as Chief of
11 the Clan of Buchanan." 2
11 Francis Buchanan was born at Branziet,
" Stirlingshire, i5th February, 1762. He studied
" for the medical profession at the University
11 of Edinburgh, and received his degree in 1783;
1 A few years ago the Government of India published a Sketch of
his life edited by Colonel David Prain, I.M.S., C.I.E., F.R.S., Director
of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
2 Strathendrick, p. 371. In 1828 Dr. Francis Buchanan published
his " Claim of the Head of the Family of Buchanan of Spittal as Chief
of the Family of Buchanan."
THE BUCHANANS OF SPITTAL 295
" after travelling for some years he was, in 1794,
" appointed surgeon in the Honourable East
" India Company's service on the Bengal estab-
" lishment. On his arrival in India, he was
11 sent with Captain Symes on his mission to the
11 Court of Ava in a civilian capacity. In 1800
"he was chosen to examine the state of the
" country which the Company's forces had lately
11 conquered from Tippoo Saib, together with the
" Province of Malabar; and in 1802 he accom-
' panied Captain Knox on his embassy to Nepal.
' ' On his return, he was appointed to the staff of
' the Marquis Wellesley, then Governor-General.
" In 1805 he went with the Marquis to England,
" and in the following year was again sent out by
" the Court of Directors for the purpose of making
" a statistical survey of the territory under the
" Presidency of Fort- William, which comprehends
" Bengal proper, and several of the adjoining
" districts. In 1814, on the death of Dr. Rox-
" burgh, he succeeded him as superintendent of
11 the Botanical Garden. He returned to Scot-
" land in 1815, and spent the latter years of his
11 life at Leney, in Perthshire, an estate to which
" his father had succeeded as heir of entail, and
" which, on the death of his elder brother, Colonel
" Hamilton, without children, came into his
" possession, with the other family estates, when
" he assumed his mother's name of Hamilton.
11 He was the author of ' Travels in the Mysore,'
41 then published, under the patronage of the
296 THE BUCHANANS OF SPITTAL
"Court of Directors, in 1807; 'The History of
" Nepal,' 1818; 'A Genealogy of the Hindoo
"Gods,' 1819; and ' An Account of the Fishes
" of the Ganges,' with plates, 1822. He also
" contributed largely to various literary and
"scientific journals; was a member of several
" societies, and a Fellow of the Royal Societies
" of London and Edinburgh." 1 He married
Anne Brock, daughter of Andrew Brock, and
died at Leny on the i5th June, 1829^ having
had issue (with a daughter, Catherine, who died
unmarried in 1839) an only son;
XII, John Buchanan-Hamilton, F.R.S., of
Spittal, Leny and Bardowie, born 1822; married
1845, Margaret Seton, daughter of George Seton,
Commander, H.E.I.C.S., of the family of Cariston,
co. Fife, and by her (who died in 1892) had issue:
(i) Francis Wellesley, born 1853, died unmarried
in 1893; ( 2 ) George Buchanan, born 1856, died
unmarried in 1886; (3) John Hamilton; (i) Mar-
garet Seton, married in 1867, Robert Jardine
of Castle Milk, M.P., afterwards Sir Robert
Jardine, Bart., and died in 1868, leaving issue a
son, Robert William Buchanan Jardine, born in
1868, who married in 1894, Ethel Mary, daughter
of Mr. Benjamin Piercy of Marchwiel Hall, Den-
bighshire, by whom he has issue. He succeeded
his father in 1905. (2) Anne Helen, died in 1851 ;
(3) Katherine Elizabeth died in 1905.
Anderson's Scottish Biographical Dictionary.
THE BUCHANANS OF SPITTAL 297
John Buchanan-Hamilton died on the i6th
May, 1903, and was succeeded by his son,
XIII. John Hamilton-Buchanan, born in 1861 ;
married in 1884, Phoebe Elizabeth, daughter
of John Clark Brodie, C.B., of Idvies, Forfarshire.
The Buchanans of Blairvockie,
The Buchanans of Blairvockie.
I. Walter Buchanan, first Laird of Blair-
vockie, 1614, (in Blairvockie 1603), was the
first cadet of Spittal, being the second son of
Walter Buchanan of Spittal. He married, first,
Margaret McCalpen (McAlpine), who died in
1619, by whom he had Alexander, his successor,
and other issue; secondly, about 1624, Giles
or Geiles Buchanan. 1
II. Alexander Buchanan, of Blairvockie,
1632, married Agnes Buchanan, and died in 1672.
He had, (i) Walter Buchanan, of Blairvockie,
married 1666, Janet Buchanan, and died 1675;
(2) Alexander, alive in 1673, probably died before
1675, and (3) William.
III. William Buchanan, of Blairvockie, 1691,
who succeeded his brother in the estate. ' Wil-
11 Ham the third brother/' says Auchmar, " hav-
" ing obtained the interest of Blairvocky, sold
" the same to John Buchanan, younger of Spittel.
" William Buchanan, the last of Blairvocky,
" resided mostly in Ireland. He had four sons,
" Alexander, William, Walter and Henry. Alex-
i From notes kindly furnished by the late Mr. A. W. Gray
Buchanan, Laird of Parkhill, Polmont, who took a great inter,
antiquarian and genealogical studies.
302 THE BUCHANANS OF BLAIRVOCKIE
" ander, the eldest, resides in Glendermon, within
" two miles of Deny, being in very good repute
" and circumstances. William, Walter and Henry
" reside near Omagh, in the county of Tyrone,
" in the kingdom of Ireland/"
i Auchmar, p. 198.
The Buchanans of Montreal
The Buchanans of Montreal.
Doctor John Buchanan, of the 49 th Regi-
ment of Foot, was the son of Alexander Buchanan,
of Fintona, co. Tyrone, Ireland, and was de-
scended from William Buchanan, last Laird of
Blairvockie, who sold his estates abottt 1695,
and went to Ireland. John Buchanan was born
at Eccles Green, near Fintona, in 1769; became
an Army Surgeon and was at the -attack of Copen-
hagen in 1801; went to Canada, in 1802, on the
medical staff of the 49th Regiment, and died in
1815, at Quebec. He married, first, Lucy Rich-
ardson, who died, in 1803, at Three Rivers, and
had issue:
I. Alexander Buchanan, Q.C., of Montreal,
born 1798; admitted to the Bar of Lower Canada
in 1819; appointed King's Counsel in 1835; a P~
pointed, in 1835, a Commissioner to treat with
the Commissioners of Upper Canada respecting
the boundary line between Upper and Lower
Canada; Chairman of the Commission appointed,
in 1838, to enquire into the cases of the State
Prisoners confined in the Montreal Gaol; Com-
missioner of the Court of Requests for the Dis-
trict of Montreal in 1839; Crown Prosecutor
for Montreal from 1840 to 1845; President of
the Commission appointed, in 1842, to enquire
306 THE BUCHANANS OF MONTREAL
into the State of the Feudal Tenure in Lower
Canada ; member of the Commission appointed,
in 1842, to revise the Acts and Ordinances of
Lower Canada; in 1851 Member of the Council of
the Montreal Bar; married in 1824, Mary Ann
Buchanan, daughter of James Buchanan, H.B.M.
Consul at New York (who died in 1862), and
died in 1851, at Montreal, having had issue:
1. Hon. George Carlo Vidua Buchanan,
of Sweet sburgh, and later of Montreal, born
1825; admitted to the Bar of Lower Canada,
1846; appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1873;
a Commissioner for Consolidating the General
Statutes of the Province of Quebec in 1877,
and a Judge of the Superior Court for the
District of Bedford in 1881 ; married in 1863,
Abbie Louisa Snow, and died in 1901. He
had issue:
(i) Charles Ernest Buchanan, born
1871.
(1) Mary Maud, married 1896, George
G. Foster, K.C., of Montreal, and has issue,
George Buchanan, born 1897, and Ruth
Elizabeth.
(2) Florence Geraldine, died 1885.
2. Elizabeth Jane Buchanan, born in
1827; married in 1851, Captain George Blicke
Champion de Crespigny, XXth Regt., after -
i. The report of this Commission is printed in extenso in Dr.
W. B. Munro's Documents, relating to the Seigniorial Tenure in
Canada at page 303. Also see Appendix to this book at page 2.
THE BUCHANANS OF MONTREAL 307
wards Lieut. -Col. commanding School of
Musketry at Hythe, second son of Charles
Fox Crespigny, of Harefield House, Uxbridge,
Middlesex; and died in 1897, at Folkestone,
England, and having had issue :
(i) George Harrison Champion de Cres-
pigny, Hon. Lieut. -Colonel, 3rd Batt.
Northamptonshire Regt., of Burton
Latimer Hall, Kettering, Northants, born
in 1863; married, in 1890, Gwendoline
Blanche, daughter of W. C. Clark-Thorn-
hill, of Rushton Hall, Northants, Fixby,
Yorkshire, and Swakeleys, Middlesex ; and
has issue: George Arthur Oscar, born in
1894; Mildred Frances and Gwendoline
Sibyl.
(1) Julia Const an tia, born in 1852, died
in 1876.
(2) Georgiana Elizabeth, unmarried.
3. Wentworth James Buchanan, of Mon-
treal, late General Manager of the Bank of
Montreal, born in 1828; married, in 1859,
Agatha, daughter of Major Arnold R. Bur-
rowes, 3rd Foot Guards, and died in 1905,
leaving issue:
(1) Claude Wentworth Buchanan, of
Montreal, born in 1872.
(2) Fitzherbert Price Buchanan, of
Montreal, born in 1874.
(3) Richard Trevor Buchanan, of Wood-
lands, Que., born in 1876; married in 1905,
308 THE BUCHANANS OF MONTREAL
Frances Eliza Cecilia, daughter of Edward
C. Hale, of Lennoxville, P.Q., and has issue.
(1) Mary Ada (Minda), married on 23rd
August, 1910, Oleg Tripet-Skrypitzine.
(2) Alice Agatha, married in 1902,
Frank H. Weir, of Montreal, and has issue.
4. William Robert Buchanan, of Honolulu,
S.I., born in 1830, and died in 1902, at
Honolulu. He married, first, Miss Musel-
white and had issue: Charles A.; William;
Gertrude, died unmarried; Amy, married to
Mr. Hope; and Helen, married to Mr. Brun-
dage. He married, secondly, Emma C. Fitz-
simmons, ne'e Brickwood, and had issue:
Wentworth M., married, 1907, Gertrude M.
Regan; Alexander; Irene Martha, married
to William H. Cornwell, Jr. ; Grace, married
to Allen Dunn; Mary, married to Henry N.
Almy, and Agnes Judd.
5. Alexander Brock Buchanan, of Mont-
real, late Secretary and Inspector of Branch
Returns of the Bank of Montreal, born in
1832; married, in 1857, Elizabeth Ann,
daughter of Francis Best and Emily Atkin-
son (born in 1834) and has issue:
(1) George Reid Buchanan, born in
1858, and died in 1861.
(2) Alexander Buchanan, of Montreal,
late in the service of the Bank of Montreal,
born in 1861; married in 1903, Anna
THE BUCHANANS OF MONTREAL 309
Mary, daughter of the Hon. James O'Brien,
Senator, of Montreal.
(3) Rupert Charles Buchanan, late of
Montreal, and now of Vernon, B.C., born
in 1867; married, in 1896, Mary Jane,
daughter of William McLimont, of Quebec,
and has issue: Alexander Ronald, born
in 1901; William Henry Keith, born in
1903, and Nancy Greaves.
(4) Arthur William Patrick Buchanan,
K.C., 1 of Montreal, born in 1870; LL.B.
Laval University, Montreal, 1893 ; admitted
to the Bar of the Province of Quebec in
1894; appointed a King's Counsel in 1908;
married, in 1897, Berthe Louise, daughter
of William Quirin, of Boston, and has issue:
Erskine Brock Quirin, born in 1898, and
Audrey Isabel Patricia.
(5) Albert Edward Clarence Buchanan*
of Montreal, born 1870.
(1) Elizabeth Emily (Lemmy) died in
1880.
(2) Frances (Lily) married in 1899,
Arthur Hamilton Buchanan, now manager
of the Bank of Montreal, Spokane, U.S.A.,
son of the late Alexander Carlisle Buchanan,
of Quebec.
(3) Ethel (Cherry), died in 1898.
(4) Gwendoline, died in 1896.
i Member of the Buchanan Society in 1900.
310 THE BUCHANANS OF MONTREAL
6. Margaret Lucy Buchanan, born in
1834 and died in 1837.
7. Frederick Albert Buchanan, born in
1836, and died in 1842.
8. Mary Alexandrina Buchanan, born
1841, and died in 1841.
9. Mary Buchanan, born in 1842, mar-
ried in 1876, the late Rev. R. Mainwaring
Williams, M.A., of Harnhill Rectory, Ciren-
cester, Gloucestershire, and died in ^,901,
leaving issue:
(i) Herbert Mainwaring Williams,
Lieut. Army Veterinary Department, born
in 1879, married.
(1) Gladys Louisa, married in 1910,
Hugh Edward Whittaker Cantrell.
(2) Marjorie Mary.
II. John Buchanan, of L'Orignal, Upper
Canada, born in 1800; married in 1829, Catherine,
daughter of the Hon. Alexander Grant, of Dul-
dregan House, L'Orignal, U.C., and died in 1837.
He had issue:
1. Lucy, died in 1847.
2. Jane Louisa, born in 1830, died in
1907, unmarried.
3. Alexander Grant Buchanan, born in
1833; married, in 1878, Anna Field (who
died without issue).
III. Jane Mary Buchanan, born in 1801;
married in 1820, Captain William Hall, and died
in 1872, leaving issue.
THE BUCHANANS OF MONTREAL $11
Doctor Buchanan had another son, George
Buchanan, who died at Liverpool, in 1870, leaving
issue.
Doctor Buchanan married, secondly, in 1809,
Ursule, daughter of the Hon. Joseph Francois
Perrault, Prothonotary of the Court of King's
Bench for the District of Quebec, who died in
1809, aged 23 years.
Family of Dr. George Buchanan
of Fintona, Co. Tyrone.
Family of Dr. George Buchanan
of Fintona, Co. Tyrone.
Beaver Buchanan, of Fintona, born in 1710,
was descended from William Buchanan, last of
Blairvockie, who settled in Ireland. According
to Mr. Thomas Hardinge Buchanan, of Dublin,
who has made extensive researches as to the
family of Buchanan in Tyrone, Beaver Buchanan
was the son of William Buchanan of Fintona,
who died in 1764. This William Buchanan mar-
ried, in 1733, Margaret Creery, and had four
sons, John, who had a son William; Andrew,
William and Beaver, and three daughters, Anne,
wife of Andrew Anthony; Margaret and Alice.
This William Buchanan appears to have had
two brothers, Eccles Buchanan of Fintona, who
died in 1762, and John Buchanan of Mullamenagh,
living in 1764. Eccles Buchanan, of Fintona,
was married three times: first, in 1724, to Mary
Pitkern; secondly, in 1748, to Margaret John-
ston; and thirdly to Elizabeth - . He had
four sons, Thomas, John, Robert and George,
and a daughter, Margaret.
Beaver Buchanan, who was living in 1780,
but dead before 1804, had at least three sons:
(i) Dr. George Buchanan, of Fintona; (2) Thomas
Buchanan, of Fintona, living in 1804; and (3)
316 FAMILY OF DR. GEORGE BUCHANAN OF FINTONA
Eccles Alexander Buchanan, of Fintona, living
in 1826.
Dr. George Buchanan, of Fintona, was born
in 1740, and married, nth March, 1774, Ann
Mullan (who died in 1838 aged 81 years), and
died in 1818. They had issue:
I. Bever Buchanan, of Dublin, born in 1775,
was the first President of the Apothecaries' Hall
of Ireland; married, in 1795, Elinor Hodgson,
and died on the ist January, 1813, having had
issue :
1. Elizabeth Ann, married Maziere Brady,
son of Francis Tempest Brady, of Dublin, born
in 1796, who became Lord Chancellor of Ireland,
was created a Baronet and died in 1871, his wife
having predeceased him in 1858. Their son was
the late Sir Francis William Brady, K.C., County
Court Judge of Tyrone, who was born in 1824;
called to the Irish Bar in 1846, appointed Queen's
Counsel in 1860 and County Court Judge to
Tyrone in 1872. He was twice married: first,
to Emily, daughter of the Right Rev. Samuel
Kyle, Bishop of Cork; and, secondly, to Geraldine,
daughter of the late George Hatchell, M.D.,
Physician to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
Sir Francis Brady died on the 26th August, 1909.
2. Dr. George Buchanan, of Downpatrick,
co. Down, Surgeon to the Royal Infirmary,
co. Down; married Ann, daughter of Dr. Richard
Wright, of Dublin (who died about 1845),
ied on the i9th October, 1841. He had issue:
FAMILY OF DR. GEORGE BUCHANAN OF FINTONA 317
(1) Francis Robert Buchanan, born 1827,
and went to America.
(2) Richard Wright Buchanan, Solicitor, of
Si on House, Kingstown, and of the Court of Chan-
cery, Dublin, born in 1829, and died in 1882;
he married Martha, daughter of Thomas Per-
rott, of Uplands, Fermoy, co. Cork (who died
in 1908), and had,
(1) George, born in 1856; Lieutenant,
R.A. ; died 1879, unmarried.
(2) Rev. Charles Henry Leslie Buchanan,
Rector of Kilnaughter, co. Antrim, born
1864, married Florence, daughter of Rev.
William Moore, Rector of St. Patrick's,
Newry, and has issue: (i) Richard Moore,
(2) George Henry Perrott, and (3) Florence
Mary.
(1) Elizabeth, died 1880, unmarried.
(2) Emily, unmarried.
(3) Louisa, died 1879, unmarried.
(3) Rev. Charles Todd Buchanan, of Dublin,
afterwards rector of Mullafad, co. Fermanagh,
and of Ballynoe, co. Cork, born 3oth November,
1831, married Arabella Hardinge, daughter of
William Going, of " Altavilla," Cahir, co. Tip-
perary (who died 24th December, 1903), and
died ist March, 1907, having had issue:
(i) Dr. George Charles Buchanan, of
" Woodside," Beamsville, Ont., Canada, born
nth July, 1862; married 6th August, 1888,
Florence Mary, daughter of W. O. Thompson,
318 FAMILY OF DR. GEORGE BUCHANAN OF FINTONA
of Minnesota, and has issue: (i) Charles
Richard, born i3th July, 1892; (i) Mary
Alice Lucille; (2) Theresa Marjory Kathleen.
(2) Rev. William Alexander Going
Buchanan, Rector of Marble Bar, West
Australia, born 24th August, 1867; died
28th May, 1906, unmarried.
(3) Thomas Hardinge Buchanan, of
Dublin, born i3th July, 1869; married, 1889,
Anna, daughter of Parker Dunscombe, of
Dublin, and has issue: (i) Charles Har-
dinge, born 2yth June, 1900; (2) Parker
Dunscombe Gordon, born 29th June, 1905;
(i) Nanette Emily; (2) Margery Norreys.
(1) Matilda (Sissy), died in infancy.
(2) Anne, died in infancy.
(3) Arabella Caroline, unmarried 1 .
(1) Elinor, died in infancy.
(2) Jane, died in infancy.
(3) Georgiana Buchanan, died in 1898.
3. William Buchanan, married in Dublin,
1822, Mary Hutchinson, and had issue:
(1) Stanley Buchanan, who was a doctor
in Newport, Monmouthshire, and died there
leaving a daughter, Elinor, married to Mr. Allen,
who had a daughter Elizabeth.
(2) Francis Buchanan, went to Australia.
(3) Beaver (Beverly) Buchanan, who went to
New Zealand and died on the 29th July, 1870,
at Lyttleton.
FAMILY OF DR. GEORGE BUCHANAN OF FINTONA 319
(4) William Pollock Buchanan, died in in-
fancy.
(5) William Frederick Buchanan, went to
Australia.
(i) Henrietta.
4. Beaver Buchanan, died in infancy.
5. Elinor Buchanan, married to Charles Ma-
grath, of Dublin, and died about 1876.
II. Eliza Buchanan, born in 1776, married
to Hans Denniston, and died in 1796.
III. John Buchanan, born in 1777, and died
in 1785.
IV. William Buchanan, born in 1779, went
to Australia, and died in 1834.
V. Jane Buchanan, born in 1780, married
to John Pollock, and died in 1830.
VI. Ann Buchanan, born in 1782, married
to James Greer, of Omagh, and died in 1805,
leaving a daughter married to Robert Hamilton,
of Omagh.
VII. Margaret Buchanan, born in 1784, mar-
ried to James Wilson, Clerk of the Crown, Omagh,
and died in 1861.
VIII. George Buchanan, born in 1786, and
died in 1790.
IX. Dr. Robert Buchanan, born in 1787,
married Eliza Eraser, and died in 1872, at London.
He was a Surgeon in the Scotch Greys and resided
in Pontefract Castle, Yorkshire. He had a son
William and two daughters, Louise, married
to a French gentleman, and Emily, married to
320 FAMILY OF DR. GEORGE BUCHANAN OF FINTONA
Colonel Morris, Army Pay Department, who
had a son Captain Godfrey Morris, and a daughter,
Louisa Morris.
X. John Buchanan, born in 1789, who be-
came an Army Surgeon, and was killed in 1814
during the Peninsular War, and whose descen-
dants are in Yorkshire, England.
XL James Buchanan, of Fintona, born 2gth
September, 1 793 ; appointed Coroner at Fintona;
married ist February, 1819, Amelia Blakely,
and died $th August, 1862, at Castle Lodge,
Fintona. His wife died on the loth June, 1848,
aged 53 years. They had issue:
1. George Buchanan, born in 1820, and
died 1 3th August, 1846.
2. Alexander Eccles Buchanan, born in
1822, and died 2ist January, 1848.
3. John Buchanan, who died abroad,
unmarried.
4. Robert Buchanan, born at Fintona,
22nd November, 1833; became Coroner at
Fintona; married ist November, 1860, Mary
Thompson, and died on i4th March, 1873.
They had issue:
(i) Walter James Thompson Buchanan,
born i2th November, 1861; I. M. S. In-
spector-General of Jails, Calcutta; served
with China-Lushai Expeditionary Force
in 1899-1900, for which he received medal
with clasps; married on 3oth March, 1892,
Lilian Edith Byrne, daughter of E. Simpson
FAMILY OF DR. GEORGE BUCHANAN OF FINTONA 321
Byrne, C.S., Accountant -General, Bengal;
and has issue: Maurice Beaver, born yth
December, 1893.
(2) Charles Alexander Buchanan, of
" Deroran ", Stirling, and stockbroker in
Glasgow, born at Fintona on 2oth March,
1863; married 4th June, 1891, Mary
Catherine Kay, daughter of R. Murray
Kay, Ayr; and has issue: Edmund Pul-
lar, born i8th July, 1893; Marjory Mur-
ray, and Elizabeth Esther.
(3) Robert Eccles Buchanan, Civil
Engineer, Londonderry, born at Fintona,
loth June, 1864; married ist April, 1891,
Ethel Maud Williams, daughter of Thomas
Richard Williams, of Sellars Hall, Finch-
ley, London ; and has issue : Edgar James
Bernard, born i6th February, 1892;
Richard Brendan, born 6th May, 1894;
and Ethel Elizabeth.
(4) Harry William Buchanan, born 9th
May, 1869; married, first, 28th June, 1897,
Isa Mabel Bracey (who died nth Janu-
ary, 1900), daughter of Captain Bracey, of
Durban, by whom he had issue a son, John
Trevor, born 1898; died 1898; secondly,
1 5th July, 1902, Isabel Frances Muriel Bell,
elder daughter of Lieut. -Col. Bell, late
56th Regiment and A. P. D., and has
issue: Charles William Edmund, born 2yth
January, 1904.
322 FAMILY OF DR. GEORGE BUCHANAN OF FINTONA
(5) Rev. Louis George Buchanan, M.A.,
Vicar of St. Luke's Wimbledon, Surrey,
born 5th March, 1871; married i8th
December, 1907, Violet Theodora, only
daughter of Major Loftus Corbett Single-
ton, 9 2nd Gordon Highlanders.
1. Emily Buchanan, unmarried.
2. Helen Mary Buchanan, married
7th April, 1891, Herbert Williams, and
has issue: Evelyn Mary and Emily
Phyllis.
3. Annie Gamble Buchanan, died in
infancy.
5. James A. Buchanan, died abroad, un-
married.
1. Anna Maria Buchanan, born i5th July,
1823; married in 1841, Thomas Wood, of
Enniskillen; died 2nd October, 1850, and
had issue:
(1) Isabella Wood, unmarried, of
Dublin.
(2) John Wood, married Eleanor Brad-
ford, of Dundalk, and died in 1887, leaving
issue: Maud, Arthur and Edwin.
2. Emily Buchanan, born 23rd April,
1825; married i5th June, 1852, John Eccles
Hamilton, Surgeon, R.N., and died in 1895,
leaving issue:
(1) John Robert Hamilton, M.D., born
24th August, 1857; died 4th April, 1883.
(2) Alfred James Hamilton, Surgeon,
FAMILY OF DR. GEORGE BUCHANAN OF FINTONA 323
Tasmania, born ist January, 1861; married
3ist March, 1898, Alice Geoghegan.
(3) Alexander Hamilton, Colonel In-
dian Army, born 27th February, 1862;
married 22nd January, 1903, Mary Agnes
Cunliffe, and has issue : Cicely and George
Frederick.
(4) George Hamilton, solicitor, born
8th April, 1863; died 7th May, 1893.
(5) Claude Hamilton, Major Indian
Army, born 2nd September, 1864; married
26th March, 1898, Ethel Dodgson.
(6) Emily Hariette Hamilton, married
6th October, 1897, James Gaisford, late
Captain Indian Army, and has issue:
Emily, born i6th September, 1899; died
i4th March, 1900; Thomas, born nth
November, 1902, died July, 1907, and
George, born November, 1906.
3. Margaret Georgina Buchanan, born
1 7th January, 1830; married i6th September,
1851, John Nelis, of Omagh, and had issue:
(1) James Alexander Nelis, born 22nd
May, 1 8 54; became M.B., Dublin University;
in 1901 he retired as Lieut. -Colonel in I. M. S. ;
in 1901 married Anna Thornhill, daughter of
Cudbert B. Thornhill, C.S.I., India Civil
Service.
(2) Captain George Nelis, born 2oth
February, 1856, L.R.C.S., I. R. Army Medi-
cal Corps; died 9th June, 1895, at Bombay,
unmarried.
324 FAMILY OF DR. GEORGE BUCHANAN OF FINTONA
(i) Emma Laura Nelis, married i8th
March, 1873, Dr. John R. H. Sutton (he
died 1 5th December, 1907), and had issue:
Marguerite Eveline, married 3rd September,
1907, Captain Hugh St. George Hamersley,
R.A. ; Matilda, and Frederick Sutton, born
4th July, 1878, Captain, R.A.
(2) Edith Harriette Nelis, unmarried.
4. Harriet Buchanan, born 22nd Decem-
ber, 1831; married in 1859, William Young,
of Londonderry; died 3ist January, 1876,
and had issue :
(1) James Buchanan Young.
(2) William George Young.
(1) Amelia Harriet Young, married
T. Minnice, of Londonderry, and had
issue: Louis and Violet.
(2) Charlotte Young, married B.
Robertson, I.C.S., C.I.E., and had issue,
Kathleen Beatrice.
(3) Louise Margaret Young, died
1897.
(4) Sophie Margaret Young, B.A.
(5) Maud Emmeline Young.
XII. George Buchanan, of Dublin, born in
1796, married Rebecca Harpur, and died in 1850,
leaving a son George, who had a daughter, Anne.
XIII. Hans Buchanan, born in 1797, and
died in 1799.
XIV. Eliza Buchanan, died an infant.
The Buchanans of Arnpryor.
The Buchanans of Arnpryor.
I. John Buchanan, First Laird of Arnpryor,
was the second son of Walter, fourth of 'that
name, Laird of Buchanan. He had also the
lands of Gartartan and Brachern. " This>John
Buchanan was termed, "says Auchmar, 1 " King
of Kippen " upon the following account:
" King James V., a very sociable debonair
prince, residing at Stirling, in Buchanan of Arn-
pryor's time, carriers were frequently passing
along the common road, being near Arnpryor's
house, with necessaries for the use of the king's
family, and he having on some extraordinary
occasion, ordered one of these carriers to leave
his load at his house, and he would pay him for
it, which the carrier refused to do, telling him he
was the king's carrier, and his load for his
majesty's use, to which Arnpryor seemed to have
small regard, compelling the carrier in the end to
leave his load, telling him if king James was king
of Scotland, he was king of Kippen, so that it "was
reasonable he should share with his neighbour king
in some of these loads, so frequently carried that
road. The carrier representing this usage, and
telling the story as Arnpryor spoke it, to some of
the king's servants, it came at length to his
majesty's ears, who shortly thereafter with a iew
i Auchmar, p. 203.
328 THE BUCHANANS OF ARNPRYOR
attendants came to visit his neighbour king, who
was in the meantime at dinner. King James
having sent a servant to demand access, was
denied the same by a tall fellow, with a battle-ax,
who stood porter at the gate, telling, there could
be no access till dinner was over. This answer
not satisfying the king, he sent to demand access
a second time; upon which he was desired by the
porter to desist, otherwise he would find cause to
repent his rudeness. His majesty finding this
method would not do, desired the porter to tell
his master, that the Good Man of Ballageich de-
sired to speak with the king of Kippen. The
porter telling Arnpryor so much, he in all humble
manner came and received the king, and having
entertained him with much sumptuousness and
jollity, became so agreeable to king James, that
he allowed him to take so much of any provision
he found carrying that road, as he had occasion
for; and seeing he made the first visit, desired
Arnpryor in a few days to return him a second at
Stirling, which he performed, and continued in
very much favour with the king always thereafter,
being termed king of Kippen while he lived."
He married Dorothea Levingstoun and had two
sons: (i) Andrew, his successor, and (2) Duncan.
" This brave gentleman," says Auchmar, " with
" divers others of his name being killed at the
" battle of Pinkie in Queen Mary's minority he
" was succeeded by Andrew his eldest son." 2
2 Auchmar, p. 205.
THE BUCHANANS OF ARNPRYOR 329
II. Andrew Buchanan, of Arnpryor, married
Eupham Stirling, and had two sons, (i) John,
his successor, and (2) Walter, of Hilltoun, or
Milntoun, of Bochlyvie, who married his cousin,
Margaret, daughter and heiress of Duncan
Buchanan of Brachern. He was killed at the
"bloody conflict" of Glenfroon, which took
place in 1603 between the Clan Gregor and the
ancient family of Colquhon of Luss, and left two
sons, John and Andrew. John Buchanan, of
Brachern, Cashlie and , Gartinstarrie, sold the
lands of Brachern, in 1621. He married first
Jonet Buchanan, by whom he had, (i) Duncan,
his successor; secondly, Isobel Leckie, by whom
he had, (2) Jonet, married James Buchanan,
fiar of Spittal; thirdly, Helen Forgie, by whom
he had, (3) Andrew Buchanan, of Ballochneck,
and (4) Elizabeth, married to Duncan Buchanan,
of Harperstoun. Duncan Buchanan, of Cashlie
and Gartinstarrie, who sold Cashlie in 1658,
married Katharine Napier, and had two sons:
(1) John, and (2) Andrew, who acquired the
lands of Nenbolg and Provanstoun. John
Buchanan, of Gartinstarrie, had two sons: (i)
James Buchanan, who succeeded his father, and
(2) John Buchanan, maltman, in Glasgow.
III. John Buchanan, of Arnpryor, married
Isabella Shaw, and died in 1598. He had: (i)
John, his successor; (2) Andrew; (3) Mr. David
Buchanan, "a gentleman of great learning: he
11 flourished in the latter part of the reign of king
330 THE BUCHANANS OF ARNPRYOR
" James VI., and beginning of the reign of king
41 Charles I. He wrote a large Natural History,
" which was not completed at the author's death,
" and therefore never printed, to the great
" loss of the learned and curious. He wrote
" also a large etymologicon of all the shires,
" cities, rivers and mountains in Scotland, which
" was printed, though not in many hands;" l and
(4) Mr. William Buchanan.
IV. John Buchanan, of Arnpryor, who sold
his estate Arnpryor in 1624 to William Buchanan,
third son of Thomas Buchanan of Carbeth, and
went to Ireland, where he was killed by the Irish
in 1641. He married Margaret Levingstoune,
and had: (i) Captain William Buchanan, "a
" gentleman of very much courage, and of the
" greatest art and dexterity in managing a sword
" of any of his time. He killed an Italian in
11 Dublin, in the presence of the lord lieutenant,
" and other nobility of that kingdom; the same
" Italian having gone through most nations in
" Europe, always having had the victory of all
" he encountered with. Captain William, being
" one of Buchanan's captains at Ennerkeithing,
" a certain English officer, when the two armies
" advanced near to one another, stept forth, and
" challenged any of the Scottish army to ex-
11 change a few blows with him. The challenge
" was accepted by captain William, who, though
" a very little man of person, did in a trice kill
i Auchmar, page 310.
THE BUCHANANS OP ARNPRYOR 331
" that English champion. This captain William
" resided mostly in Ireland, in which kingdom
" his progeny continued;" 1 and (2) David
Buchanan; (i) Dorothy Buchanan, who was
twice married, firstly, to Robert Buchanan, ser-
geant of the King's wine cellar, and had two daugh-
ters, Jean and Mary, both married in Ireland;
secondly to Captain Hublethorn, Governor of
Waterford, by whom she had a son, Captain
Hublethorn, and some daughters; (2) Alice, mar-
ried to William Buchanan, of Drumbeg, and had
issue; and (3) Anna, married to Edward Cun-
ningham, of Finnick Drummond.
I Auchmar, page 206.
The Buchanans of Lenny.
The Buchanans of Lenny.
I. John Buchanan, First Laird of Lenny,
son of Sir Walter Buchanan, who married, about
1392, Janet de Lenny and had two sons: (i)
Andrew, his successor; (2) William, ancestor
of the Buchanans of Auchineden.
II. Andrew Buchanan, of Lenny, 1458, mar-
ried Marion, daughter of Lockhart of Barr, and
had issue: (i) John, his successor; (2) Archibald;
(3) Walter, ancestor of the Buchanans of Bochas-
tel, from whom was descended John Buchanan,
merchant in Glasgow; 1 (4) Walter; (5) George,
ancestor of the Buchanans in Campsie and Bal-
dernock; 2 (6) Gilbert, vicar of Lenny and Canon
of Inchmahome.
III. John Buchanan, of Lenny, married
Marion, daughter of the laird of Mushet, and had
(i) Robert, his successor; and (2) John.
IV. Robert Buchanan, of Lenny, married
a daughter of the laird of Gleneagles, and had
(i) Patrick, his successor; (2) John, killed at
Flodden, 1513; (3) Robert, married Marion
Graham, daughter of the Earl of Menteith (about
1520) and had two sons, John, who succeeded
his uncle Patrick, fifth laird; and Robert, who
succeeded his brother John as seventh laird.
1 Sec page 347-
2 See page 385.
336 THE BUCHANANS OF LENNY
V. Patrick Buchanan, of Lenny (1505),
married a daughter of Semple of Fulwood and
left no male issue. He was succeeded by his
nephew,
VI. John Buchanan, of Lenny, who was
killed at the battle of Pinkie, 1547, leaving no
issue, and was succeeded by his brother,
VII. Robert Buchanan, of Lenny, married,
first, Janet Graham, daughter of Patrick Graham
of Inchbrakie; secondly, Barbara, daughter of
the laird of Mushet, and had issue: (i) John,
who died young; (2) Robert, his successor; (3)
Sir John Buchanan of Scotscraig, married Mar-
garet Hartysyde, but left no male issue, his
estate going with a daughter of his to a son of
the Earl of Marr; (4) James Buchanan, of Shirra-
hall, Orkney, who had a son Thomas, who sold
Shirrahall, and had three sons, Arthur, John
and William, and a daughter, Margaret, married
to John Buchanan, of Ballacondochie.
VIII. Robert Buchanan, of Lenny, married
Elizabeth, daughter of Stirling of Ardoch, died
in 1615, and had : (i) Robert, his successor; (2)
John, married Agnes, daughter of Barclay of
Towie, and had John, who became the eleventh
laird, and Katherine; (3) George, murdered
by the Drummonds near the Kirk of Buchanan
in 1638.
IX. Robert Buchanan, of Lenny, married
Katharine Campbell, daughter of the laird of
Lawers, by whom he had a son Robert. His
THE BUCHANANS OF LENNY 337
widow married, secondly, John Buchanan, first
of Arnpryor, of the second line. 1
X. Robert Buchanan, of Lenny, died with-
out male issue and was succeeded by his cousin,
John Buchanan, son of John Buchanan, second
son of Robert Buchanan, eighth laird of Lenny
by Elizabeth Stirling.
XI. John Buchanan, of Lenny, married,
1666, Jean, daughter of John Macfarlane of that
Ilk, and had: (i) John, married, about 1690,
Mary, daughter of John Lennox, of Woodhead,
died s.p. before his father; (2) Henry, who suc-
ceeded his father; (3) Robert, died young, and a
daughter Mary.
XII. Henry Buchanan, of Lenny, married,
first, about 1696, Janet, daughter of John
Buchanan of that Ilk; secondly, Katherine,
daughter of Campbell of Lawers, and died in
1723. By his first wife he had: (i) John, died
unmarried; (2) Colin, died unmarried 1734; (3)
James died s.p. ; (4) Robert, succeeded his brother,
married, first, a daughter of Archibald McAulay,
Provost of Edinburgh ; secondly, Christian, daugh-
ter of Buchanan of Spittal, and died s.p. 1739;
(5) Elizabeth, married Francis Buchanan of
Arnpryor, succeeded her brother Robert, and
died s.p. 1776; (6) Margaret Buchanan, of Lenny,
having succeeded her sister Elizabeth, died un-
married. By his second wife, he had: (i) Henry,
died s.p. ; (2) John, died s. p. ; (3) Lilias,died s.p. ; (4)
i See the Buchanans of Arnprior (second family), page 347.
338 THE BUCHANANS OF LENNY
Jean, married Patrick Drumrnond, of Drummond ;
(5) Katherine, married Thomas Buchanan, after-
wards of Spittal and died s.p. On the death
of Margaret Buchanan of Lenny, Thomas
Buchanan of Spittal succeeded to Lenny. He
had married, secondly, Elizabeth, daughter of
John Hamilton of Bardowie, and by her had
among other children, Francis Buchanan-Hamil-
ton, who succeeded to Spittal, Lenny and Bar-
dowie. He was descended on his mother's side
from Andrew Buchanan, second laird of Lenny.
Francis Buchanan-Hamilton married Anne
Brock, by whom he left, on his decease in 1829,
one son John Buchanan-Hamilton, who died
in 1903.'
i See the Buchanans of Spittal, page 289.
The Buchanans of Auchineden.
The Buchanans of Auchineden.
From William Buchanan, First Laird of
Auchineven or Auchineden, second son of John
Buchanan, first Laird of Lenny, living in 1463,
was descended,
John Buchanan, 7th Laird of Auchineven,
who succeeded his father in 1580, and had three
sons: (i) Walter, his successor; (2) Dugald, who
went to Ireland; (3) John, deacon of the baxters
of Glasgow, who had a son who married Marion
Watson, and had Katharine, married to Wil-
liam Anderson, Glasgow; Elizabeth, married to
George Dalziell, Glasgow, and Mariota, married
to Robert Buchanan of Arnpryor.
Walter Buchanan, 8th Laird of Auchineden,
married a daughter of Edmonstone of Ballewan
and had: (i) John, his successor; (2) Walter,
who had among other issue, Walter Buchanan,
maltman of Glasgow, whose son, Andrew
Buchanan, had two sons, Reverend Walter
Buchanan, D.D., of Edinburgh, born 1755, died
1832; and Andrew Buchanan, merchant in Glas-
gow, who married Margaret, daughter of James
Cockburn, W. S., Edinburgh. This Andrew Bu-
chanan had a son, Walter Buchanan, of Shan-
don, born 1797, M.P. for Glasgow from 1857 to
1865, and died in 1883; married in 1824, first,
342 THE BUCHANANS OP
Mary, daughter of John Hamilton of Middleton,
by whom he had a daughter, Ellen, first wife
of Charles Wilsone Broun of Castle Wemyss,
afterwards of Swinfen Hall, Staffordshire;
secondly, in 1851, Christina Laura, daughter of
James Smith of Jordanhill, by whom he had
a daughter, Christina Laura, who married her
cousin, James George Smith, youngest son of
William Smith, of Carbeth-Guthrie, and has
issue.
John Buchanan, gth Laird of Auchineden,
(1668) married Elizabeth Crawford, daughter
of James Crawford, of Partick, and had: (i)
John, and (2) Walter Buchanan, writer in Glasgow,
who acquired the lands of Teucerhill in Govan
parish, and married about 1710, Janet, daughter
of John Leckie of Mye, by whom he had a son,
John Buchanan of Teucherhill, who died s.p.,
and a daughter Elizabeth, who succeeded her
brother and married, first, in 1736, Alexander
Buchanan of Cremannan, by whom she had
Walter, Alexander and Janet; secondly, in 1747,
as his second wife, John Buchanan of Ardoch,
and had a daughter Frances, married to John
Maxwell of Dargaval.
John Buchanan, loth Laird of Auchineden,
married a daughter of Graham of Killearn, and
had a son John, his successor.
John Buchanan, nth Laird of Auchine-
den, married Katrine, daughter of Graham of
Killearn, and had John and Margaret. " He
THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHINEDEN 343
" was a subscriber to Auchmar's book in 1723,
" and was present at the meeting, on the 5th
"March, 1725, when the Buchanan Society of
11 Glasgow was founded." 1
John Buchanan, i2th Laird of Auchineden,
was a merchant in Jamaica. He was admitted,
in 1761, a member of the Buchanan Society.
He died s.p., and was succeeded, in 1769, by his
sister, Margaret Buchanan, who sold the estate
in 1771.
1 Strathendrick, page 298.
The Buchanans of Arnprior.
(SECOND FAMILY.)
The Buchanans of Arnprior.
(Second Family.)
The Estate of Arnprior was held by two
families of Buchanan at different times. The
last Laird of the first line was John Buchanan,
who sold Arnprior, in 1624, to William Buchanan,
third son of Thomas Buchanan of Carbeth.
Walter Buchanan, who acquired Arnprior,
was a writer in Edinburgh. He married Agnes
Rig and died in 1631. He had besides a son
William, who probably died in infancy, two
daughters, Margaret and Elizabeth, who sold
Arnprior in 1637 to John Buchanan, eldest son
of Walter Buchanan of Auchlessie and Bochastel,
who thus became the first of the second family
of Arnprior.
John Buchanan, of Arnprior, married first, a
daughter of Halden of Enterkine, by whom he
had a son, Robert, his successor; secondly,
Katherine Campbell, widow of Robert Buchanan
of Lenny. He was living in 1688.
Robert Buchanan, of Arnprior, advocate, was
married twice; first, to Mariota, daughter of
John Buchanan of Glasgow; secondly, to Mar-
garet Muirhead, by whom he had a son, Francis,
his successor; and a daughter Jean, who married
John McNab of McNab, who had a son Archibald
348 THE BUCHANANS OF ARNPRIOR
McNab. This Archibald McNab, 1 who was an
extraordinary character, was born in 1781, went to
Upper Canada in 1823, and obtained from the
Government the grant of a township (afterwards
called Township of McNab) on the Ottawa River,
for the purpose of establishing a settlement of
his clansmen and others from the Highlands of
Scotland. In 1831, the Chief met two young
men in Montreal, George and Andrew Buchanan,
whom he induced to settle in the township and
build mills. As the Chief's grandfather on his
mother's side was Buchanan of Arnprior, and
he claimed his two new friends as kinsmen, he
suggested that the new town be called Arnprior,
which it was, and on the site then chosen, the
flourishing town of Arnprior stands to-day.
After many vicissitudes, " The McNab " left
Canada, and settled in the village of Lanion, in
France, where he died in 1860.
Francis Buchanan, of Arnprior, married Eliza-
beth, daughter and heiress of Henry Buchanan
of Lenny. He was attainted and executed at
Carlisle, 1 8th October, 1746, for his participation
in the Rebellion of " '45."
i From the report of a lecture on " The McNab," delivered by
Mr. James Craig, barrister of Renfrew, Ontario, before the Montreal
Caledonian Society in 1897.
The Buchanans of Powis.
The Buchanans of Powis.
The family of Buchanan of Powis, near Stir-
ling, was descended from Sir Arthur Buchanan,
of Auchlessie, second son of Walter Buchanan,
of Bochastel, and brother of John Buchanan, of
Arnpryor.
Sir Arthur Buchanan, of Auchlessie, married
Margaret Drummond, and had among others:
James Buchanan, his successor, who married
Elizabeth Stewart, and had: (i) Arthur; (2)
James, died unmarried, and (3) Duncan Buchanan*
his successor.
Duncan Buchanan, of Auchlessie, married
Grizel Robertson, and had three sons: (i) Alex-
ander, his successor, who was taken prisoner at
Culloden and tried, but acquitted on account of
his extreme youth ; died unmarried; (2) Walter,
died unmarried, and (3) John, of Arnpryor.
John Buchanan, of Auchlessie and Arnpryor
succeeded his brother Alexander, and in 1758,
when the forfeited estates were restored, received
Strathyre, which was a part of the estate of his
cousin, Buchanan of Arnpryor, and had been for-
feited on his attainder in 1746, he being the heir
male of the family of Arnpryor, since which time
this branch has been designated of Arnpryor.
He married about 1771-2, Murray Kynynmound,
352 THE BUCHANANS OF POWIS
daughter of Patrick Edmondstone, of Newton,
and died in 1817, leaving three sons: (i) Alex-
ander Buchanan, of Arnpryor, Captain in the 39th
Regiment, his successor, who died in 1845, leaving
an only son, Alexander Buchanan, who died in
1848, whose daughter, Catherine Elizabeth Grace,
married, in 1869, John Baillie Baillie-Hamilton,
who assumed the surname of Buchanan before
Baillie-Hamilton. John Buchanan-Baillie-Hamil-
ton of Arnpryor, Perthshire, J.P., D.L., and Com-
missioner of Supply for Perthshire, who was the
second son of Gerard Baillie Hamilton by Augusta,
daughter of the late Col. Henry Anderson Mors-
head of Widey Court, Devon, was born in 1837
and died in 1908, at Cambusmore, Callander,
Perthshire, having had issue: Alexander Walter,
born and died in 1872 ; John Edmondstone, born
1874; Arthur, Captain Seaforth Highlanders, born
1876, married in 1906, Ina Erskine, daughter of
Sir Malcolm McNeill of Edinburgh; Morshead,
Lieut. R.N., born 1878; Neil Alexander, Lieut.
Black Watch, born 1880; Elizabeth; Nannie
Katherine and Grizel Baillie; (2) Thomas, and
(3) James Edmondstone Buchanan, Captain 3rd
Foot Guards, killed in action at Talavera,
in 1809.
Thomas Buchanan, H.E.I.C.S., who purchased
Powis, was born in 1774; married, in 1811, Cath-
erine, daughter of Lieut. -General Sir Ralph
Abercrombie, K.B., and died in 1842, leaving
issue: (i) John, of Powis, and of Newton, co.
THE BUCHANANS OF POWIS 353
Perth, to which estate he succeeded in 1857;
(2) Ralph Abercrombie, Lieut. R.N., died un-
married in 1855; (3) James John Abercrombie,
died in 1837; and (4) Alexander, Lieut. 7gth
Highlanders, who married, in 1850, Lady Grierson,
and d.s.p., in 1855.
John Buchanan, of Powis, born i3th October,
1812; married i7th July, 1837, Harriet, eldest
daughter of Joseph Nimmo, H.E.I.C.S., Bombay,
and died i8th March, 1891, having had issue:
(i) Thomas Alexander Buchanan, of Powis; (2)
Ralph Edmondstone, late Capt. 59th Regiment,
born ist August, 1846; (3) James Kynynmound
Edmondstone, born 25th March, 1849; (4) John,
born i9th July, 1851; (5) Francis Charles, born
8th December, 1852; (i) Catherine Aimee, died
young; (2) Elizabeth Grace, and (3) Annie
Harriet.
Thomas Alexander Buchanan, of Powis, late
Captain H.M. Indian Army, was born 26th March,
1842; married 3rd May, 1873, Mary Anne, daugh-
ter of the late W. Griffiths, and has issue: (i)
Ralph Alexander Edmondstone, born 26th July,
1875; (2) Archibald, born i6th December, 1882,
and (i) Olivia Evelyn.
The Buchanans of Gartacharne.
The Buchanans of Gartacharne.
I. Alexander Buchanan, First Laird of Garta-
charne (or Gartocharn), had two sons: (i) Andrew
Buchanan, his successor; and (2) George Bu-
chanan, who had three sons, John, who went
abroad, Alexander, and William, who settled
in Edinburgh.
' The small Estate, a portion of the five-pound
' lands of Gartacharne, in the Barony of Eden-
"bellie," says Strathendrick, "has been held in
" property for more than two hundred years by
11 a family of Buchanans, whose ancestor was
1 Walter Buchanan, of Glenny, a cadet of Bu-
11 chanan of Leny, one of the oldest branches of
11 Buchanans of that Ilk." (Strathendrick, page
803.)
II. Andrew Buchanan, of Gartacharne, the eld-
est son of Alexander Buchanan, ist Laird of Garta-
charne, who is mentioned in a Charter from
Archibald, Lord Napier, in 1673, had two sons:
(i) Alexander Buchanan, his successor; and (2)
George Buchanan, of Buchanan House, ancestor
of the Buchanans of Auchintorlie, Drumpellier
and Craigend.
III. Alexander Buchanan, of Gartacharne,
who married, in 1676, Margaret, eldest daughter
of Walter Buchanan, of Meikle Balquhane, and
died in 1695. He had three sons: (i) Walter
358 THE BUCHANANS OF GARTACHARNB
Buchanan, who died before 1712, and was suc-
ceeded by his brother; (2) George Buchanan;
and (3) Thomas Buchanan, living in 1712.
IV. George Buchanan, of Gartacharne, who
married before 1725, Elizabeth Buchanan, and
died before 1740. He had issue: (i) Alexander
Buchanan, his successor; (2) George Buchanan,
born in 1727; (3) George Buchanan, born in 1730,
who married, in 1755, Janet, daughter of George
Buchanan, of Gartincaber; (4) Agnes Buchanan,
born in 1723, married in 1750, Robert Buchanan,
of Ballintone; (5) Mary Buchanan, born in 1733,
married, in 1760, Duncan McGrigor, of Dukehouse.
V. Alexander Buchanan, of Gartacharne, suc-
ceeded to that Estate before 1740, and was living
in 1779. He married, first, Elizabeth McAlister,
and by her had issue: (i) George Buchanan,
born in 1740; (2) James Buchanan, born in 1742;
(3) Alexander Buchanan, who succeeded to the
Estate; (4) Thomas Buchanan, born in 1756; (i)
Janet, born in 1748, married, in 1767, to John
Miller, of Hillhead, Kilmarnock; (2) Elizabeth,
born in 1750, married, in 1770, to John Livingstone
of Baldearnock, co. Stirling; and (3) Mary, born
in 1759.
Alexander Buchanan, of Gartacharne, married,
secondly, in 1763, Janet, widow of William Bu-
chanan, of Douchlage, Drymen, who was living
in 1770, and by her had issue: (5) Walter Bu-
chanan, of whom hereafter, and two daughters,
Mary, born in 1764, and Margaret, born in 1767.
THE BUCHANANS OF GARTACHARNE 359
VI. Alexander Buchanan, of Gartacharne,
born in 1744, married in 1771, Elizabeth, daughter
of Gilbert Ware, of Barachan, New Kilpatrick,
and died in 1810, being succeeded by his son,
VII. Thomas Buchanan, of Gartacharne, who
married Agnes Buchanan, of Ballindore, and had
a son,
VIII. Alexander Buchanan, of Gartacharne,
born in 1817, married Mary, daughter of Hugh
McCallum, of Douchlage, and died in 1893, having
had issue : Alexander Buchanan, now of Garta-
charne; John Buchanan, Thomas Buchanan, and
three daughters.
Walter Buchanan, of Southend, co. Argyle,
fifth son of Alexander Buchanan, 5th Laird of
Gartacharne, was born in 1770, married in 1798,
Elizabeth Speir, of Bridge of Weir, co. Renfrew
(who died in 1827), and died on the 27th Feb-
ruary, 1855, having had among other issue:
(I.) Patrick (or Peter) Buchanan, of Dun-
dee, in the Province of Quebec, Canada;
born ist May, 1803; went to Canada, in 1818,
and settled at Dundee. He married, on
the nth August, 1825, Lucy Baker (who
died in 1856), and died on the Qth March,
1873, at Dundee, having had issue:
i. Elizabeth Spiers Buchanan, born
1828, married about 1853, Thomas Caver-
hill, of Montreal, and died 1904, having
had issue: (i) Frank Caverhill, of Mont-
real, married Charlotte Rosalind Harrison,
360 THE BUCHANANS OF GARTACHARNE
and died in 1899, leaving issue: Rosalind
Florence, married to Geoffrey L. Mander,
of Wolverhampton, England; Jessie Bea-
trice Harrison and Frances Buchanan;
(2) Jane Caverhill, died unmarried; (3)
Walter Caverhill, died in youth ; (4) George
Caverhill, of Montreal, born in 1858, mar-
ried Emily Margaret Caverhill, and has
issue, Marjorieand George Rutherfurd; (5)
John Buchanan Caverhill, of Montreal,
married Jenny B. Irving, and has issue,
Thomas and Jessy Irving; (6) Jessy Caver-
hill, married J. Alexander Hutchison, M.D.,
of Montreal, and died in 1899, leaving issue.
2. Margaret Buchanan, born 1830, died
1847.
3. Walter Buchanan, born 1832.
4. James John Buchanan, born i835 ?
and died 1888. He married twice, and
had issue: (i) Spiers, born 1862 ; (2) John,
born 1867; (3) James George, born 1871,
died 1872; (i) Etta; (2) Anna, married
Alexander G. Cross, K.C., of Montreal,
now puisne judge of the Court of King's
Bench for the Province of Quebec, and
died 1899; (3) Elizabeth; (4) Elsie; (5)
Margaret, died 1889; (6) Jessie; (7) Ethel
Cote, died 1895; (8) Jane Sema.
5. Janet Buchanan, born 1836, and
died unmarried, 1908.
THE BUCHANANS OF GARTACHARNE 361
6. Lucy Anna Buchanan, born 1838,
and died 1856.
7. Patrick (Peter) Buchanan, of Dun-
dee, born in 1839, and died in 1909, at
Dundee, without issue.
(II.) Walter Buchanan, of Lower Bebing-
ton, co. Chester; born 22nd October, 1811;
married 22nd August, 1854, Mary, eldest
daughter of John Lewthwaite, of Broadgate,
Milton, co. Cumberland, and by her (who
died in 1890) had issue:
1. Maclver Buchanan, of Bedford Gar-
dens, Kensington, London, born i4th April,
1863, unmarried.
2. Marian, unmarried.
3. Edith Elizabeth, unmarried.
4. Eleanor Tory, unmarried.
Carrick- Buchanans of Drumpellier.
Carrick- Buchanans of Drumpellier. 1
The family of Carrick-Buchanan, of Drum-
pellier, is a branch, descended from Alexander
Buchanan, 5th in descent from John of Lenny,
3rd son of John Buchanan, Laird of Buchanan.
This Alexander Buchanan had two sons, John,
his successor, and Walter Buchanan, first Laird
of Glenny, whose grandson, Captain James Bu-
chanan, succeeded to the Estate, but dying in
France without issue, he was succeeded by his
uncle, Alexander Buchanan, of Gartacharne, the
second son of Walter Buchanan, of Glenny.
Alexander Buchanan, of Gartacharne, 2 had
two sons, Andrew Buchanan, of Gartacharne,
and George Buchanan.
Andrew Buchanan, of Gartacharne, had two
sons, Alexander Buchanan of Gartacharne, and
George Buchanan.
George Buchanan, of Buchanan House, Glas-
gow, J.P., the second son of Andrew Buchanan,
of Gartacharne, was a Magistrate and Merchant
in that City, Treasurer of Glasgow, 1690, and
bore arms at Bothwell Bridge, for which he was
outlawed. He married, in 1685, Mary, daughter
i Burke's Landed Gentry.
a See Buchanans of Gartacharne, page 357.
366 CARRICK-BUCHANANS OF DRUMPELLIER
of Gabriel Maxwell, and by her had four sons and
one daughter.
George Buchanan, born 1686, who became
Treasurer of Glasgow in 1726, and Baillie in 1732,
and with his brothers Andrew, Neil and Archibald,
were the original promoters of the Buchanan
Society in that city. He was three times married.
His third wife was the daughter of Sir John Forbes,
Bart., of Foveran, and had four sons and two
daughters. He died in 1 7 7 3 , and was succeeded by
his eldest son,
Andrew Buchanan, of Buchanan House,
Glasgow, born 1725; married, first, 1755, Agnes,
daughter of Arthur Robertson, by whom (who
died 1769) he had, among others, issue:
(i) George, born 1758; married, 1795, at
Content, St. Georges, Jamaica, Jane Gorvie,
and died 1826, having by her (who died 1815)
had issue, among others:
George, born 1801 ; married Anne, daugh-
ter of H. Lorimore, R.M., and had a son,
Arthur, born 1835, married 1859, Anne
Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Dr. Martin,
and died 1870, leaving Claud Alexander
Francis John Buchanan, born 1860; Andrew
James, died 1834; George Alexander, d.s.p.,
1840; and Mary Robertson.
Andrew, born 1807, died 1878, in
Jamaica, leaving a daughter, Edith, who
married, in 1857, Alexander Clerk, son of
Sir G. Clerk, Bart.
CARRICK-BUCHANANS OF DRUMPELLIKR 367
Robertson, born 1810, d.s.p.
Elizabeth Sheriffe, married Robert Rus-
sell.
Catherine, died 1813.
Agnes Jane, married Rev. T. Hugo.
(2) Andrew, born 1765.
(3) William, born 1766, died s.p.
(4) Robertson, born 1769, died 1816.
Andrew Buchanan married, secondly, Janet,
daughter of Hugh Niven, and by her (who died
1772) had issue, Hugh, born 1771.
Andrew Buchanan married, thirdly, Frances,
daughter of Alexander Innes, Surgeon of the
Island of St. Christopher, and died 1783, having
by her had issue: John Oswald, born 1780,
Frances, Janet, Mary and Ann.
II. Andrew Buchanan, of Drumpellier.
III. Neil Buchanan, of Hillington, co. Ren-
frew, M.P. for the Glasgow District of burghs,
whose male line is now extinct.
IV. Archibald Buchanan, of Auchintorlie, 1
co. Dumbarton.
I. Mary, married George Buchanan, of Moss
and Auchintoshan, co. Dumbarton.
Andrew Buchanan, of Drumpellier, 2 co. Lanark,
second son of George Buchanan, born 1690; Dean
1 See Buchanans of Auchintorlie, page 375.
2 His name appears in McUrc's list of the " First Merchant
Adventurers at Sea " ( Vitv of the City of Glasgow, p. ^09), and 1
trade with Virginia, where he had a tohacco plantation, he became
one of the wealthiest citizens of his day. In 173$ he purchased the
Cltate of Drumpellier, Lanarkshire, and the older portion of Drum-
368 CARRICK-BUCHANANS OF DRUMPKLLIER
of Guild, 1728-9; married, first, 1723, Marion
Montgomerie, of Boutrehill, and, secondly, Eliza-
beth Binning. He died 1759, having, by his
first wife, had issue (with five daughters) two
sons :
1. James Buchanan, married Margaret,
daughter of the Hon. John Hamilton, son
of Thomas, Earl of Haddington, and by her
had a son, who died unmarried, and several
daughters, of whom Helen married Admiral
Sir George Hume, Bart.
2. George Buchanan, of Mount Vernon,
co. Lanark (which he purchased in 1758),
born 1728; married 1750, Lillias, daughter
of James Dunlop, of Gaukirk, and died 1762,
having had issue. He was succeeded by his
eldest son, Andrew Buchanan, of Mount
pellier house was built by him in 1736. Adjoining Glasgow he
purchased three small properties in what was then known as the
" Long Croft," the first purchase being made in 1719, the second in
1732, and the third in 1740 (Glasgow, Past and Present, 11.196.)
Through his grounds he opened an avenue for gentlemen's houses,
which he named Virginia Street, and he planned a town house for
himself called Virginia Mansion, which he did not live to complete.
Along with his three brothers he founded in 1 725 the Buchanan Society
for the assistance of apprentices and support of widows of the name
of Buchanan. He was also one of the original partners of the Ship
Bank, founded in 1750. He was elected dean of guild in 1728, and
lord provost in 1740. When after the battle of Prestonpans, John
Hay, quartermaster of the Pretender, arrived at Glasgow with a
letter demanding the loan of 15,000, Buchanan and five others were
chosen commissioners to treat with him and succeeded in obtaining
a reduction to 5,500. (Memorabilia of Glasgow, p. 361.) On account
of his zeal in raising new levies on behalf of the government, Buchanan
made himself so obnoxious to the rebels that in December, 1745, a
special levy of 500 was made on him under threats of plundering
his house, to which he replied " they might plunder his house ii
they pleased, but he would not pay one farthing." (Scots Mag.,
VII 7, jo.) DICTIONARY OF NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY.
CARRICK-BUCHANANS OF DRUMPELLIER 369
Vernon, born 1755, and d.s.p. 1795, when he
was succeeded by his brother:
David Buchanan, of Drumpellier and Mount
Vernon, who took the additional surname of Car-
rick on being left property by Robert Carrick,
banker of Glasgow, and purchased back Drumpel-
lier from his cousin, Robert Sterling. He was
born in 1760; married 1788, Marion, daughter of
James Gilliam, of Mount Alta, Virginia, and died
1827, leaving issue by her (who died in 1800) :
1. Robert Carrick-Buchanan.
2. Andrew Buchanan, of Greenfield, co.
Lanark, J.P. and D.L., born 1799; married
1826, Bethia Hamilton, daughter of William
Ramsay, of Gogar, and died 1879, having
had:-
(1) David William Ramsay Carrick-
Buchanan, of Drumpellier and Mount
Vernon.
(2) Hamilton Ramsay Carrick-Buchan-
an, born 1840; married 1869, Isabella Brown,
daughter of Robert Bell, of Stowe, Queens-
land (who died 1904), and died 1901, having
had issue: Andrew Robert Hamilton, born
1869; David George, born 1872; Francis
Henry Theodore, born 1873 ; James Gilliam,
born 1880; Wallis Vernon, born 1881; and
Bethia Isabel.
(i) Bethia Hamilton, married 1853, Sir
John Don Wauchope, of Edmondstone,
370 CARRICK-BUCHANANS OF DRUMPELLIER
Bart., and died on 2oth February, 1911,
at Edinburgh, having had issue.
(2) Elizabeth Mary, married 1850, An-
drew Blackburn, of Killearn, who died
1885, leaving issue.
(3) Sarah Mary Clothilde, married 1870,
Thomas Dunlop Findlay, of Easterhill.
(4) Frances Susan Cecile, died 1895,
unmarried.
1. Elizabeth Belsches, married 1817,
Robert Graham, M.D.
2. Marion, married 1818, John Hay,
R.N., of Morton.
Robert Carrick-Buchanan, of Drumpellier, born
1797; married 1824, Sarah Maria Clothilde, eldest
daughter of Sir Joseph Wallis Hoare, Bart., of
Annabelle, co. Cork, by Lady Harriett O'Bryen,
and died 1844, having had issue: (i) David
Carrick Robert, late of Drumpellier; (2) Wallis
O'Bryen Hastings, 92nd Highlanders, born 1826,
married in 1853, Anna Henrietta, daughter of
Albany Savile, of Oakhampton Park, North
Devon, and d.s.p., 1855, at Alexandria; (3) George,
born 1827, Captain Scots Greys, died 1863, un-
married.
Sir David Carrick Robert Carrick-Buchanan,
K.C.B., J.P. and D.L., Lieut.-Col. 3rd and 4th
Battalions Scottish Rifles, late Royal Regiment
of Lanark Militia, born 1825; married 1849,
Frances Jane, daughter of Anthony Lefroy, M.P.,
of Carrickglass, co. Longford (who died 2nd June,
CARRICK-BUCHANANS OF DRUMPELUER 371
191 1); died s. p., 1904, and was succeeded by his
cousin,
David William Ramsay Carrick-Buchanan, of
Drumpellier and Corsewall, D. L. of Wigton,
formerly Captain 2nd Royal Lanark Regiment,
born 1834; married, 1863, Lady Kathleen Alicia,
daughter of the Earl of Donoughmore, and by
her (who died 1892) had issue: (i) Arthur Louis
Hamilton, of Mount Vernon, Glasgow, Lieut.-
Col. 3rd Battalion Gordon Highlanders, born 1866,
married 1903, Adeline Musgrave, daughter of
Richard Musgrave Harvey, and has issue; (2)
Nigel Francis William (Rev.), M.A., born 1870,
died 1904; (i) Kathleen Mary; and (2) Bethia
Charlotte.
The Buchanans of Auchintorlie.
The Buchanans of Auchintorlie. 1
Archibald Buchanan, of Auchintorlie, 2 co. Dum-
barton, and of Hillington, co. Renfrew, purchased
Auchintorlie from his brother Andrew, and suc-
ceeded to Hillington on the death of his brother
Neil. He married Martha, daughter of Peter
Murdoch, of Rosehill, Renfrew, Provost of Glas-
gow, and by her had issue :
1. Peter Buchanan, of Auchintorlie, mar-
ried Catherine Maxwell, and died without
issue.
2. George Buchanan, who succeeded to
Auchintorlie, and d.s.p.
1 Burke's Landed Gentry.
2 " Auchintorlie, or, as it was formerly called, Silverbanks, was
in early times part of the barony of Erskine; but having been
acquired by the Luss family, it was feued out in 1685 by Sir
Humphrey Colquhon to John Colquhon, whose daughter Elizabeth,
wife of Captain James Colquhon, sold it, in 1709, to Mungo
Buchanan, W.S. From him it passed by purchase, in 1737, to
Andrew Buchanan, of Drumpellier, who acquired at the same time
Connalton, Chapelton, and Dunerbuck. These lands, with the excep-
tion of the last mentioned, Andrew Buchanan subsequently sold to his
brother Archibald, whose grandson Archibald acquired Dunerbuck.
This Archibald, by his wife Mary, second daughter of Richard Dennis-
toun, of Kelvingrove, had, besides other issue, Andrew, now of
Auchintorlie, who has erected a fine new mansion on the property.
Within the grounds of Auchintorlie are the remains of a building
known as Tresmass Castle, occupying most probably the site of some
encampment intended to overlook the line of defences established by
the Romans between Kilpatrick, the reputed termination of the wall,
and the fortress of Dumbarton." Irving's History of Dumbartonshire,
P- 479-
376 THE BUCHANANS OK AUCHINTORLIE
3. Andrew Buchanan, First of Ardin-
connal. 1
i. Mary, married Alexander Speirs, of
Elderslie, co. Renfrew.
Andrew Buchanan, of Ardinconnal, co. Dum-
barton, and Auchingray, co. Lanark, J.P. and
D.L., born 1745; married 1769, Jane, daughter
of James Dennistoun, of Colgrain and Dennistoun,
and died, 1833, having had issue:
i. Archibald Buchanan, of Auchintorlie
and Hillington, J.P. and D.L., born 1773;
married 1816, Mary, daughter of Richard
Dennistoun, of Kelvin Grove, co. Lanark
(who died 1868), and died 1832, having had,
among other issuer-
Andrew Buchanan, of Auchintorlie, J.P.
and D.L., born 1817; married 1845, Mary
Jemima Dundas Adamina, daughter of
Sir James Fergusson, Bart., of Kilkerran,
and d.s.p., 1886.
Richard Dennistoun Buchanan, Captain
72nd Highlanders, born 1830, died un-
married.
Christian Alston, married Robert Meik-
lam, and d.s.p., 1849.
i " Laggarie and Ardinconnal were, in 1464, in the possession of
Patrick McGregor, whose descendants, known as Stewarts, sold them
in 1617 to the McAulays of Ardincaple. At the breaking up of their
estates, about the middle of last century, they fell into the hands of
different proprietors, but were soon after re-united by Andrew
Buchanan, who built a mansion house at Ardinconnal." Irving's
History of Dumbartonshire, p. 416.
THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHINTORLIB 377
Jane Dennistoun.
Mary Dennistoun, died unmarried, 1870.
Isabella Dennistoun.
Georgina Grace, married, 1857, General
George Hermand Fergusson, son of Sir
James Fergusson, Bart., and died 1862.
Their only son, George James Ferguson-
Buchanan of Auchintorlie, J.P. and D.L.,
assumed, in 1890, the additional name of
Buchanan on succeeding to Auchintorlie.
He was born in 1862: was A.D.C. to the
Governor of Bombay, 1882-1885: served
in the 2nd Battalion Scottish Fusiliers in
the South African War: was Major Re-
serve of Officers, and Lieut.-Col. 3rd
Scots Fusiliers. He married in 1886,
Grace, daughter of Claude B. Hamilton,
J.P., of Barnes, co. Dumbarton, and has
issue, two daughters, Noel Grace and
Avril Nora.
2. James Buchanan, of Blairvadock, who
acquired Ardinconnal from his father in 1811,
and from whom it was purchased, in 1827, by
Sir James Colquhon, of Luss.
1. Jessie, married, 1800, James Menteith,
of Craighead, and died 1801.
2. Martha, married, 1801, George Mur-
dock Yuille, of Cardross Park, co. Dumbarton.
James Buchanan, of Blairvadock, Ardincon-
nal, J.P. and D.L., co. Caithness, born 1776;
married 1805, Lady Janet Sinclair, daughter of
378 THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHINTORUE
the Earl of Caithness, and died 1860, having
had issue:
i. Andrew Buchanan (Sir), ist Baronet.
1. Helen John Sinclair, married 1828,
William Woolton Abney, D.L., of Measham
Hall, co. Derby, and d.s.p., 1893.
2. Jane Dennistoun, married, 1826, Wil-
liam Tritton, of Wington, Somerset, and died
1851, leaving issue.
3. Cammilla Campbell, married, 1829,
Richard Fox, of Awbawn, co. Cavan.
4. Charlotte MacGregor Murray, married
1834, Charles Henry Forbes, Kingairlock, co.
Argyle.
5. Mathilda Frances Harriett, married
1844, Patrick Maitland, of Freugh, and died
1894, leaving issue.
The Rt. Hon. Sir Andrew Buchanan, ist Bart.,
of Dunburgh, co. Stirling, G.C.B., P.C., D.L.,
co. Stirling, born 1807; married, first, 1839
Frances Katherine, daughter of the Very Rev.
Edward Mellish, Dean of Hereford, and by her
(who died 1854) had issue:
1. James (Sir), 2nd Baronet.
2. Edward, born 1844, died 1870, unmar-
ried.
3. Eric Alexander (Sir), 3rd Baronet.
4. Andrew Archibald, born 1850; married
1882, Ellen Maria, daughter of Phillip
Edward Blakeway, and has issue: Andrew
THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHINTORLIE 379
Sinclair, born 1882, and Alexander Wellesley
Grant, born 1890, died young.
5. George William Buchanan (Sir), G.C.
V.O., K.C.M.G., C.B., P.C., His Majesty's
Ambassador at St. Petersburg. " Sir George
William Buchanan, who has been Minister-
Plenipotentiary at The Hague since May,
is the son of Sir Andrew Buchanan, and was
born in 1854. He entered the Diplomatic
Service in 1875. After serving in Vienna,
Rome and Tokyo he was sent to Berne,
where he acted as Charge d' Affaires on
various occasions. In 1893 he was promoted
to be a Secretary of Legation with the
additional character of Charge d'Affaires at
Darmstadt and Carlsruhe. In 1898 he was
appointed British Agent to attend the Tri-
bunal of Arbitration in the Venezuelan
Boundary dispute, and in the following year
became Secretary of Embassy. After a period
at Rome and Berlin he was appointed Agent
and Consul-General in Bulgaria, with the rank
of Minister-Plenipotentiary. While at Sofia,
Sir George Buchanan displayed conspicuous
tact and firmness in dealing with the deli-
cate situation created by the declaration of
Bulgarian independence, and his departure
for The Hague caused universal regret among
the Bulgarians, who deeply appreciated his
services. Sir George Buchanan married, in
1885, Lady Georgiana Bathurst, daughter
380 THE BUCHANANS OP AUCHINTORLIE
of the late Lord Bathurst," 1 and has issue,
Meriel.
1. Florence Jane, married, 1865, Captain
Maxwell Fox, R.N. (retired), of Annaghmore,
King's co., and died 1882.
2. Frances Matilda, married, 1873, J onn
Willis Clark, of Scrope House, Cambridge,
and has issue.
3. Louisa, married 1871, Sir George Fran-
cis Bonham, Bart., and has issue.
4. Janet Sinclair.
Sir Andrew Buchanan married, secondly, 1857,
Hon. Georgiana Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of
Lord Blantyre (who died in 1904). Sir Andrew
was Minister in Switzerland, 1852; Envoy at
Copenhagen, 1853; Madrid, 1858; and at The
Hague, 1860; Ambassador to Prussia, 1862; to
Russia, 1864; and to Austria, 1871 ; and he retired
in 1877. He was made K.C.B. in 1860, and G.C.B.
in 1866; Privy Councillor in 1863; and created a
Baronet in 1878. He died in 1882, and was
succeeded by his eldest son,
Sir James Buchanan, 2nd Baronet, Com-
mander, R.N. (retired), J.P. and D.L., born 1840;
married 1873, Arabella Catherine, daughter of
Captain G. C. Colquitt-Craven, of Brockhampton
Park, co. Gloucester, and d.s.p., 1901, when he
was succeeded by his brother,
i The Times, 5th August, 1910.
THE BUCHANANS OF AUCHINTORLIE 381
Sir Eric Alexander Buchanan, 3rd Baronet,
of Dunburgh, and Craigend Castle, Milngavie,
Stirlingshire, born 1848; married 1898, Constance
Augusta, daughter of Commander Charles Ed-
mund Tennant, R.N., of Need wood House,
Burton-on -Trent, and has issue: Charles James,
born 1899, and Mary Constance Victoria.
The Buchanans in Campsie and
Baldernock.
The Buchanans in Campsie and
Baldernock. 1
John Buchanan, a merchant in America, where
he had considerable possessions, most of which
he lost in consequence of taking the loyalist side
on the breaking out of the War of Independence,
was the son of John Buchanan, a merchant in Lon-
don in 1 7 59, and grandson of Gilbert Buchanan
of Bankell, Dean of Guild of Glasgow, 1721, who
was descended from George Buchanan, fifth son
of Andrew Buchanan of Lenny. Gilbert Buchanan
was born in 1653, and married Dorothea, daughter
of William Napier. He died in 1730, having had
issue: (i) William of Bankell, died unmarried,
I 733'. ( 2 ) Gilbert, Writer in Edinburgh, after-
wards merchant in London, who succeeded his
brother William in Bankell; (3) John; (i) Jane,
married, in 1720, Archibald Buchanan of Drum-
head, and died in 1735; an< ^ ( 2 ) Mary, married,
in I 73 I James Rowan of Heathriehall.
John Buchanan, the son of John Buchanan,
and grandson of Gilbert Buchanan, married
Elizabeth Wilson, and had (i) Elizabeth Buchanan
who married James Dunlop, of Househill, and
died in 1820; (2) Rev. Gilbert Buchanan, D.D.,
i Strathendrick, page 307.
386 THE BUCHANANS IN CAMPSIE AND BALDERNOCK
of whom afterwards; (3) Frances Buchanan,
born 1758, died 1828, married Edward John
Burrow of the Life Guards and was the mother
of Edward John Burrow, Archdeacon of Gibraltar,
whose daughter, Frances Maria, was the second
wife of the late Robert Buchanan -Dunlop of
Drumhead; and (4) Sarah Buchanan, married
a Mr. Sparrow.
The Rev. Gilbert Buchanan, D.D., Rector
of Woodmanstow, Surrey, and Vicar of Northfleet,
Kent, was born in 1750, and died in 1835. He
was not intended at first for orders, but his father
having lost all his American possessions, the young
man was sent to Cambridge and Mr. Pitt gave
him the two livings, which he held till his death.
He married Frances Reed and by her (who died
in 1800) had three sons and two daughters: (i)
Gilbert, of whom afterwards; (2) George, R.N.,
died unmarried: (3) John, went to America,
married and had issue; (i) Frances, born 1786,
died 1827, was second wife of Henry S. Hyde
Wollaston, and had a son, George Buchanan
Wollaston, who married his cousin, Julia Adye
Buchanan; and (2) Mary, married 1818, the Right
Hon. Sir John Taylor Coleridge, and had issue
(with others) John Duke, Lord Coleridge, late
Lord Chief Justice of England.
General Gilbert Buchanan, of the Royal En-
gineers, was born 1785, and married Harriet Wilkes
Smith, by whom he had two sons and several
daughters :
THE BUCHANANS IN CAMPSIE AND BALDERNOCK 387
(i) General Gilbert John Lane Buchanan f
of the Royal Artillery, born 1812, married Julia
Hammersley Wallace (who died at Hampton
Court Palace on the 2ist December, 1900) and
died 1875, leaving issue; (2) John Buchanan,
an officer in the Army. A daughter Julia Adye
Buchanan, married her cousin, George Buchanan
Wollaston, of Bishop's Well, Kent, and died on
the 25th June, 1910, aged 94, at Chislehurst,
leaving issue.
The Buchanans of Drummikill.
The Buchanans of Drummikill.
I. Thomas Buchanan, first of Drummikill,
was the third son of Sir Walter Buchanan of that
Ilk (1461), and had three sons: (i) Robert;
(2) Thomas, of Carbeth; and (3) William.
II. Robert Buchanan, (in 1495) of Drummikill
and Moss, who married, about 1472, Margaret
Hay and died about 1518, had two sons: (i)
Thomas; and (2) John, ancestor of the Buchanans
of Cameron.
III. Thomas Buchanan, of Drummikill and
Moss, married Agnes Heriot, daughter of James
Heriot, of Trabrown and had five sons : (i) Robert ;
(2) Thomas, who succeeded to Drummikill; (3)
Alexander Buchanan of Ibert, died 1574, who
had two sons, Mr. Thomas Buchanan, who became
Keeper of the Privy Seal, married Janet, daughter
of George Buchanan, son of George Buchanan
of that Ilk ; and John 1 ancestor to the Buchanans
of Ballochruin; (4) Patrick; and (5) Mr. George
Buchanan, the author, poet and historian, born
i5o6. 2
IV. Robert Buchanan, of Drummikill, born
about 1495, niarried 1520, Catherine Napier and
1 James Buchanan, sixth of Ballochruin, merchant in Glasgow,
died in 1758, and was succeeeded by his sister, Margaret Buchanan,
who married in 1759, Thomas Buchanan of Ardoch. Strathendrick ,
page 326.
2 See pages 4 19 and 423.
392 THE BUCHANANS OF DRUMMIKILL
had an only son who died young and was succeeded
by his uncle.
V. Thomas Buchanan, of Drummikill, married
Geils (or Giles) Cunningham, and had: (i) Robert;
(2) Walter; (3) John, from whom was descended
George Buchanan, of Moss and Auchintoshan,
born 1697, married in 1731, Mary, daughter of
George Buchanan, of Glasgow, ancestor of the
family of Auchintorlie, Craigend and.Drumpellier,
and had issue, among others, Neil Buchanan of
Auchintoshan, who married Anne Bolleyn,
daughter of Thomas Murray, of Virginia, and
died in 1777, leaving a daughter, Anne Buchanan,
of Auchintoshan, born 1774, married 1793, William
Cross, of Glasgow, and died in 1810, having had
issue, with others: John Cross-Buchanan, of
Auchintoshan, who succeeded to the Estate in
1813, married, in 1824, Jean, daughter of Andrew
Wardrop, and died in 1839, leaving issue. (4)
William; (5) Mr. Thomas, regent in St. Salvator's
College, St. Andrews.
VI. Robert Buchanan, of Drummikill, who
died s. p. and was succeeded by his brother.
VII. Walter Buchanan, of Drummikill and
Moss, married, first, Janet, daughter of Walter
Buchanan, of Spittal, by whom he had: (i)
Thomas, his successor; secondly Agnes, daughter
of John Kinross, of Kippendavie, by whom he
had: (2) William, ancestor of the Buchanans of
Ross and Drummikill; (3) James; and (4) Mr.
Robert.
THE BUCHANANS OF DRUMMIKILL 393
VIII. Thomas Buchanan, of Drummikill and
Moss, married, first, Logan of Balvie's daughter;
secondly, Stirling of Glorat's daughter; and had:
(i) William, his successor ; (2) John; (3) Walter,
who married Margaret Buchanan; (i) Janet,
who married John Buchanan; and (2) Agnes,
married Thomas Buchanan, younger of Ibert
and Ballochruin.
IX. William Buchanan, married a daughter of
Temple of Fulwood, and had: (i) Walter, his
successor; (2) Thomas, and (3) George, who
both went to Ireland; (4) James; (i) Agnes,
married John Kincaid, of Auchinreoch; and (2)
Margaret, married Walter Buchanan, of Cameron.
X. Walter Buchanan, who sold Moss in 1625
to John Buchanan. He married Jean Hamilton,
and died about 1663 having had (i) William,
and (2) Dugald, of Gartincaber.
XL William Buchanan, nth of Drummikill
and ist of Craigievairn, sold Drummikill to William
Buchanan, second son of William Buchanan,
first of Ross, in 1669, and bought Craigievairn.
He married the daughter of Cunningham of
Boquhan and had among others: John, Com-
missioner of Supply, 1695, married Dorothy Cun-
ningham, and had a son William, who succeeded,
and a daughter married to James Hamilton.
William Buchanan, third of Craigievairn, in
1711, married Elizabeth Hamilton, daughter of
John Hamilton of Bardowie. William Buchanan,
394 THE BUCHANANS OF DRUMMIKILL
of Bardowie, had among others, John, who suc-
ceeded him.
John Buchanan, fourth of Craigievairn, held
a commission in 1737 in the Royal Regiment of
North British Dragoons. In 1741, he sold Craigie-
vairn to John Buchanan, of Gartincaber, writer
in Edinburgh, who died in 1753 and was succeeded
by his son Dugald. Dugald Buchanan married
Margaret Buchanan and died in 1774. His widow
died in 1807 and left her estates to David
Snodgrass, advocate. 1
i Strath end rick, page 319.
The Buchanans of Drumhead.
The Buchanans of Drumhead.
I. From William Buchanan, who was either
a brother or son of Robert Buchanan, second of
Drummikill, was descended Archibald Buchanan, 1
of Drumhead, or Blairhennechan, as it was formerly
called, born 1723, died unmarried 1789, who
entailed the property upon the second sons of
his two eldest sisters, Dorothy and Janet, succes-
sively, and their heirs male, on the condition
that they should bear the name and arms of
Buchanan of Drumhead. His elder sister, Dorothy
Buchanan (1724-1789), married Robert Shannon,
of Blairvadick, and had, among others, Archibald
i Archibald Buchanan, of Drumhead, was the eldest son of Archi-
bald Buchanan, of Drumhead, who married in 1720 Janet, daughter of
Gilbert Buchanan, of Bankell. This Archibald Buchanan, Who was
the eldest son of Archibald Buchanan, of Drumhead, had issue three
sons and six daughters: Gilbert, born 1729, died young; James, born
1733, married in Virginia, but died s.p. ; John, born 1735, curate of
Weston, Underwood, Bucks., died s.p.; Dorothy, born 1724, mother of
Archibald Shannon Buchanan, of Drumhead ; and Janet, born 1726,
mother of Robert Buchanan-Dunlop, of Drumhead; Jean, born 1727,
married Mungo Buchanan, merchant in Glasgow, and had a son, John
Buchanan, a clergyman of the Church of England. James Buchanan,
his father's brother, became an eminent merchant in London, and left
an only daughter, who married Sir Walter Riddell of Riddell, Rox-
burghshire. Her son, Sir John, on succeeding to the estate of Sundon.
in Bedfordshire, added the name of Buchanan to his own, as required
by his grandfather's deed of entail. This branch of the family of
Drumhead is represented by the present Sir Walter Buchanan-
Riddel), Bart., Recorder of Maidstone. (Irving's History of Dum-
bartonshire, note to page 428.) Major-General Charles James
Buchanan-Riddell, C.B., late of the Royal Artillery, a member of this
family, died in 1903, in his 86th year. Sir John Walter Buchanan-
Riddell, who was born in 1849, succeeded his uncle in 1892. He
married in 1874, Sarah Isabella, daughter of Robert Wharton, and
has, with other issue, a son Walter Robert, born in 1879.
398 THE BUCHANANS OF DRUMHEAD
Shannon Buchanan, who succeeded his uncle in
1789 and assumed the name of Buchanan, and
died s.p. in 1791, when he was succeeded by
his cousin.
II. Robert Dunlop Buchanan, son of Robert
Dunlop, of Househill, and of his wife, Janet
Buchanan (1726-1812), second sister of Archibald
Buchanan, of Drumhead, was born in 1756 and
assumed the name and arms of Buchanan. He
married in 1805, Frances, daughter of Samuel
Beachcroft, of Wickham Court, Kent, a director
of the Bank of England, and died, in 1837,
leaving issue :
1. Robert.
2. James, born 1809, died unmarried in
1859-
3. Charles (Rev.), Vicar of Henfield,
Sussex, born 1812, married Fanny, daughter
of William Borrer, of Henfield, and died in
1851, leaving issue:
(1) Charles Seward (Rev.), Vicar of
Henfield, born 1840, married Alice Barbara,
daughter of Rev. D. Robertson, and died
in 1907.
(2) Henry Beachcroft (Rev.), of Red-
oaks, Henfield, Sussex, born 1842, mar-
ried Mary, daughter of Rev. A. A. Ayhyard,
and has issue, John Henry Graham and
Lillian Mary, married to Leopold Stern,
and has issue, Graham.
THE BUCHANANS OF DRUMHEAD 399
(3) William Buchanan (Rev.), Vicar
of Sayer's Common, Sussex, born 1851,
married Gertrude, daughter of E. Carlton
Homes.
(i) Fanny Elizabeth, married Rev. Pre-
bendary Teulon, Canon of Chi Chester.
III. Robert Buchanan Dunlop, of Drumhead,
born 1807, who died loth August, 1882. He
married, first, in 1837, Emma Smith and had
by her (who died in 1851):
1. Robert Buchanan Dunlop, of Drum-
head.
2. James, born 1840, late of the Rifle
Brigade, married Mary Scott.
3. Charles George, born 1843, married
1889, Blanche Emily, daughter of Francis
Trench, and died 1897, leaving issue Phyllis
Evelyn, died 1897; Doris and Lois Olga.
4. Henry Donald, Lieutenant-Colonel R. A. ,
born 1845; niarried in 1869, first, Charlotte
Fanny, daughter of Brigadier-General Gilbert
Buchanan, R. A. (who died in 1869, without
surviving issue); secondly, in 1873, Sabina,
daughter of William Woolston, and has issue:
(i) Archibald Henry, Captain Leicester-
shire Regiment, born 1874, married 1900,
Mary Agnes, daughter of Arthur Herbert
Kennedy of Upton Park, Slough, and has
issue, Robert Arthur, born 1904; and Ian; (2)
Colin Napier, Captain and Brevet Major, R.A.,
born 1877; (3) William Robert (Rev.), Curate
400 THE BUCHANANS OF DRUMHEAD
of Christ Church, Eastbourne, born 1881;
(4) Henry Donald, Lieut. West Kent Regi-
ment, (i) Sabina, married 1905, Alfred
Castle Warner, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. ; (2) Emma
Dorothea, married Rev. F. Eddison, Vicar of
Duffield, Derby; (3) Jean Hamilton, married
1905, Rev. Reginald Callander, M.A., Rector
of St. Leonard's, Exeter; (4) Rhoda.
5. Francis Campbell, born 1847, died
1885.
1. Elizabeth, died young.
2. Caroline Annabella, died unmarried in
1898.
3. Frances Harriet, died young.
4. Emma, married in 1883, Percy Pollex-
fen Vere Turner, barrister-at-law, and has
issue, Francis, Ruth, Janet, and Vera.
Robert Buchanan Dunlop married, secondly,
Frances Maria, daughter of Edward John Burrow,
Archdeacon of Gibraltar, who d. s. p. 1882.
IV. Robert Buchanan Dunlop, who suc-
ceeded his father in 1882, was born in 1838 and
married Harriet Klyne, daughter of Emanuel
Baker, M.D., and died in 1892, leaving issue a son,
V. Robert Buchanan Dunlop (Rev.), of
Drumhead, Curate of Bexhill-on-Sea, born in
1877, an d succeeded his father in 1892.
The Buchanans of Finnick-
Drummond.
The Buchanans of Finnick-
Drummond.
George Buchanan, in Finnick-Drummond,
was the sixth son of John Buchanan, of Little
Croy, second son of John Buchanan, of Middle
Balfunning, of the family of Drummikill. He
was born in 1713, married Margaret, daughter
of George Buchanan, of Blairlusk, and died in
1778. He had issue, among others: John Buch-
anan; George Buchanan in Finnick-Drummond;
Archibald Buchanan, died, in 1772, in Virginia;
and James Buchanan, of Dowanhill.
I. John Buchanan, born 1742, married Agnes
Steven, and had a son, George Buchanan, of
Glasgow; admitted Member of the Buchanan
Society, 1807; married Isabella Stevenson, and
had issue, among other sons: William, married
Janet Marshall, and was father of George Stevenson
Buchanan, Treasurer of the Buchanan Society;
and Moses Steven Buchanan, M.D., who married
Agnes Leechman, and had three sons (i) James
Buchanan; (2) George Buchanan, M.A., M.D.,
LL.D., Professor of Clinical Surgery in the Univer-
sity of Glasgow, born 1827, died igth April, 1905,
at Balanton, Stirling. " In the Crimean War
" he served as a civil surgeon in the British Army,
" and he afterwards published a book entitled
404 THE BUCHANANS OF FINNICK-DRUMMOND
" ' Camp Life in the Crimea.' Much of his career
" was associated with the medical and educational
" institutions of Glasgow. He had filled the
" posts of surgeon to the Royal Infirmary and
" the Western Infirmary in that city, and he
" was Professor of Clinical Surgery at Glasgow
" University, a position which he relinquished in
" 1900. In 1888 he presided over the surgical
" section of the British Medical Association.
" In addition to acting as one of the editors of the
" Glasgow Medical Journal, he was the author
"of several publications dealing with particular
" questions in surgery, and edited the loth edition
" of the ' Anatomists' Vade Mecum.' Mr. Buch-
" anan travelled considerably, and was an ardent
" Alpine climber, one of his notable ascents being
"that of Monte Rosa." The Times, 2oth April,
I 95- (3) William Buchanan.
II. George Buchanan, in Finnick-Drummond,
born 1744, and died 1832. He married Annabella
Downie and had: (i) George, d. s. p. 1832; (2)
Benjamin, married Mary Cameron and died about
1863, leaving issue settled in London; (3) John,
in Finnick-Drummond, married Helen Bow, and
had George, went to Valparaiso and died there
leaving issue; William, went to Dunedin, New
Zealand, married; Benjamin, at Arbuthnot, Kin-
cardineshire, married; Robert, of Glasgow, mar-
ried Catherine Ewing, and has issue; John, went
to Valparaiso and died unmarried; (i) Janet,
THE BUCHANANS OF FINNICK-DRUMMOND 405
married, in 1808, Walter Buchanan, of Killearn,
and died in 1856.
III. James Buchanan, of Dowanhill, born
in 1756, acquired Dowanhill about 1811, and
died in 1844. He married Ellison McCallum,
and had issue:
(1) George, born 1802, died unmarried,
1848.
(2) Thomas, born 1803, died unmarried.
(3) James, born 1805, went abroad, mar-
ried Williamina Linbeg, and died 1878, leav-
ing issue.
(4) John Buchanan, of Dowanhill, born
1807, married in 1839, Jane Young, and
died in 1876, having had issue: (i) James
George, born 1840, died 1870; (2) John Young
Buchanan, M.A., F. R. S., educated at Glas-
gow High School and University, Universities
of Marburg, Leipsic and Bonn, and Ecole de
Medicine. Paris, Chemist and Physicist of the
4 ' Challenger '' Expedition, born 1 844, decorated
with the insignia of Commander of the Order
of St. Charles by the Prince of Monaco in 19 10 ;
(3) Rt. Hon. Thomas Ryburn Buchanan, 1 P.C.,
born 1846, educated at Sherborne and Oxford
and called to the Bar of the Inner Temple,
elected a fellow of All Souls in 1870, and was
some years in charge of the Codrington Library.
i The Rijjht Honourable Thomas Ryburn Buchanan died at
Bournemouth on the ;th April, 1911, aged 65. For a more de-
tailed account of his career see Appendix, page a.
406 THE BUCHANANS OP FINNICK-DRUMMOND
M.P. Edinburgh 1882-1885, West Edinburgh
1885-1892, East Aberdeenshire 1892-1900, East
Division of Perthshire 1903-1910; Financial
Secretary War Office 1906-1908, and Under-
secretary of State, India Office 1908-1909;
married in 1888, Emily, daughter of T. S.
Bolitho, M.P. (4) Francis Christian, of Clar-
inish, Row, D.L. of the county of Dumbarton,
born 1853, married, 1878, Margaret Gourlie,
and has issue Marsali, Cathlinne, John, born
1884, and Anselan Dennistoun, born 1885, who
at the time of his death, on the 26th February,
1901, was a naval cadet on H.M.S. Britannia
training ship at Dartmouth. Mr. Buchanan,
who is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries,
Scotland, has devoted much of his life to an-
tiquarian research, in recognition of which the
late King Edward appointed him a member
of the Royal Commission on Ancient Monu-
ments in Scotland, (i) Agnes Tennent, mar-
ried R. M. Pollock, of Middleton; (2) Ellison
Janet, married R. Jameson Torrie; (3) Jane
Mary, married J. O. Fairlie ; and (4) Caroline
Wilhelmina, married Captain Stuart Rickman,
R.N.
(5) Janet, born 1809, married William
Pollock-Morris, M.D., of Craig, near Kilmar-
nock, and died 1882, leaving issue.
The Leith- Buchanans of Ross
Priory.
The Leith- Buchanans of Ross
Priory.
Sir George Leith -Buchanan, Bart., of Ross Priory,
Balloch, co. Dumbarton, was the eldest son of Sir
Alexander Wellesley William Leith, 3rd Bart.,
who married, in 1832, Jemima (who died 1877),
second daughter of Hector Macdonald Buchanan,
of Ross, co. Dumbarton, and of Jean Buchanan,
daughter of Robert Buchanan of Ross and Drum-
mikill. 1 He was a Captain i7th Light Dragoons,
born 1833; married, first, in 1856, Ella Maria,
daughter of David Barclay Chapman, of Roehamp-
ton, Surrey (who died 1857) ; he married secondly,
1 86 1, Eliza Caroline, daughter of Thomas Tod,
of Drygrange, N.B., and by her (who died 1899)
had issue: 2
1 . Sir Alexander Wellesley George Thomas
Leith-Buchanan, Bart., born 1866, married
1888, Maude Mary, daughter of the late
Alexander Grant, of Glasgow and succeeded
his father in 1903.
2. George Hector, born 1871, married
1904, Matilda Mary Charlotte, daughter of
Isadore McWilliam Bourke, late of Rahasane,
co. Galway, and Curragh Leigh, co. Mayo.
(1) Strathendrick, p. 321.
(2) Burkc's Landed Gentry.
410 THE LEITH-BUCHANANS OF ROSS PRIORY
3 . James Macdonald Buchanan, born 1872,
served in South African War 1901-2 (medal
with five clasps), married 1905, Katie Isabel,
second daughter of George E. Porter, of Hart-
sperry, St. Kilda, Melbourne, Australia.
4. Charles John (Deerspring, Ancaster,
Ontario, Canada), born 1875, married 1905,
Mary Eleanor, daughter of William Farmer,
of Ancaster, Canada, and has issue : George
William Hector, born 1905, and Thomas
Wellesley Macdonald, born 1907.
5. Thomas Tod, born 1877.
1. Flora Macdonald, died unmarried 1904.
2. Caroline Elizabeth, married 1885, John
Galbraith Horn, Advocate, Edinburgh, and
has issue.
3. Margaret Georgina Jemima, married
1897, William McNish Porter, and has issue.
4. Edith Maud, died unmarried, 1904.
5. Kathleen Nora, married, 1904, Captain
James M. McLaren, Gordon Highlanders.
6. Jemima Jean.
After the death of his mother, Lady Leith,
Sir George Leith took the additional name of
Buchanan. He died 29th September, 1903.
The Buchannans late of Miltoun.
The Buchannans late of Miltoun.
Duncan Buchannan, of Miltoun, in Glen Urqu-
hart, county Inverness, had a son Patrick Bu-
channan, whose arms as matriculated in the Lyon
College in 1672, are the arms of Buchanan, within
a border gules charged with eight crescents
argent. Crest, a rose slipped gules. Motto, Du-
citur hinc honos.
Auchmar, referring to the descent of the family
of Miltoun, says:
" All I can offer concerning this family is founded
upon a traditional account I had from a certain
gentleman, who was an officer in the Laird of
Buchanan's regiment, in the year 1645, a ^ which
time, that regiment being in garrison at Inverness,
one Colin Buchanan, of Miltoun of Peatty, a
gentleman of good repute, and whose interests
lay within a few miles of the town of Inverness,
kept very much correspondence with Buchanan
and his officers, while in garrison in that town.
He was descended, by anything can be collected
from any account given then out, of Maurice
Buchanan's son, who was treasurer to the dauphi-
ness of France in the reign of King James I."
Patrick Buchannan had a son, Norman, who
had a son, Archibald Buchannan, who left Glen
i Auchmar, page 266.
414 THE BUCK ANNANS LATE OF MILTOUN
Urquhart and settled at Dunscaith, in Skye. He
married Katherine, daughter of Ranald McDonald,
of Scalpa, and had four sons, Norman, Malcolm,
Duncan, and Peter, and a daughter.
Peter Buchannan left Skye and settled near
Whitby, county York, England. He married
a Miss Richardson and had, besides a daughter,
a son,
John Buchannan, who married Sarah, daughter
of Alexander Arr, of Renfrew, and had issue :
John Buchannan, of Whitby, solicitor, Coroner,
Registrar of the County Court, Seneschal of the
Liberty of Whitby Strand, who married first,
Sarah Margaret, daughter of John Holt, of
Whitby, by whom he had a daughter, Sarah
Margaret, living unmarried. He married, sec-
ondly, Ann, daughter of George Langborne, of
Whitby, and died in 1891, leaving issue:
1 . George Buchannan, of Whitby, solicitor,
who succeeded his father in his various offices,
married Marianne, daughter of George Croft,
of Richmond, county York and had issue:
(1) Lilias Mary, living in Whitby; (2) Archi-
bald John, solicitor in Whitby; (3) Mar-
garet Hilda, living in Whitby.
2. Charles Buchannan, of Whitby, married
Sarah Ellen, daughter of George Wetherill,
of Whitby, and had issue: (i) Alexander
Buchannan, solicitor of Thirsk, county York;
(2) Malcolm Buchannan, a clergyman in Can-
ada; (3) Charles Buchannan, of Hull.
THE BUCH ANNANS LATE OF MILTOUN 415
3. Hugh Cholmley Buchannan, died s.p.
4. Arthur Buchannan, who was married
twice; first, to Katherine Elizabeth, daughter
of Thomas Wetherill, of Guisborough, by
whom he had issue: (i) Averil Mary, mar-
ried William Richardson, and has issue;
(2) Margaret Isobel, married Thomas Dun-
can Henlock Stubbs, and has issue; (3)
George Herbert Buchannan, solicitor of Scar-
borough, county York, who married Lilian,
daughter of John Chapman Walker, and has
issue, James Arthur and Neil. Arthur Bu-
channan married, secondly, Margaret Eliza-
beth Richardson, and died in 1895.
The arms of George Buchannan, of Whitby,
as matriculated in the Lyon Office in 1872, are
Or a lion rampant sable armed and langued gules
within a double tressure flowered and counter-
flowered of fleurs-de-lis of the second, a bordure
invecked parted per pale of the third and argent,
charged with eight crescents countercharged.
Above the shield is placed a helmet befitting
his degree with a mantling gules doubled argent
and issuing from a wreath of the liveries is set
for crest a dexter hand proper holding a ducal
cap purpure turned up ermine and tufted on the
top with a rose gules, all within two branches
of laurel disposed orleways, also proper and in
an escroll over the same the motto, Audaces
Juvo.
A Genealogical Note.
THE QUATER-CENTENARY OF GEORGE
BUCHANAN.
A Genealogical Note. 1
George Buchanan, while stating that he was
descended from a family rather ancient than
opulent, gives us but little information. He does
not name his father, but tells us that he was cut
off in the prime of life before his grandfather;
that his mother, Agnes Heriot, was left with five
sons and three daughters, and that he himself
was befriended, when aged about fourteen, by
his maternal uncle, James Heriot, who, however,
died within two years (about 1522). Of his
brothers, he only names Patrick.
From other sources we learn that the first of
this branch of the Buchanan family was Thomas
Buchanan, youngest son of Sir Walter Buchanan
of that Ilk (died before 1452). Sir Walter married
a daughter of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, but it
seems probable that his sons were by a previous
union, although there is some reason for believing
that the marriage took place as early as 1427.
I. Thomas Buchanan is first mentioned in
1461, when he had a charter from his brother
Patrick Buchanan of that Ilk of the lands of
Gartincaber. He was possessor of the Hospital
of Letter in 1461. He had charters of the Temple
lands of Letter in 1462, Croftewyr (part of the
lands of Drummiekill) in 1466, Balwill and Camo-
i The above was written by the late Mr. A. W. Gray-Buchanan,
and is taken from "George Buchanan, Glasgow Quater-Centenary
Studies," published by James MacLehose & Sons, Glasgow, in 1907.
420 A GENEALOGICAL NOTE
quhill in 1472, Kepdowry, Carbeth, Balwill, the
Temple lands of Ballikinrain in 1477, was of
Bultoun (or Balantoun) in 1484, had a charter
of Middle Ledlowan (now the Moss) in 1484, and
by 1495 was of Drummiekill, which became the
designation of the family. Thomas Buchanan,
of Drummiekill, was still alive in 1496. He is
stated to have married the heiress of Drummiekill,
but it does not appear whether she was the wife
mentioned in 1472, whose name is variously
read as " Denote," " Dorote," or possibly " Jo-
note." He left several sons, amongst whom
he seems to have divided his lands in his lifetime.
II. Robert Buchanan, the eldest son, suc-
ceeded to Drummiekill and other lands. He mar-
ried, about 1472, Margaret Hay of Dullievairdis,
in the Barony of Glenbervie, Forfarshire. She
was still alive in 1515. Robert Buchanan died
about 1518.
III. Thomas Buchanan, younger of Drum-
miekill, born probably about 1473, * s mentioned
in the charter of Middle Ledlowan in 1509. He
married, probably about 1493, Agnes Heriot,
daughter of James Heriot of Trabrown in East
Lothian. Agnes Heriot was probably sister of
Andrew Heriot of Trabrown (died 1531) and
James Heriot, official of St. Andrews, within the
Archdeaconry of Lothian (1516-1522). Thomas
Buchanan and Agnes Heriot had five sons and
three daughters.
A GENEALOGICAL NOTE J.2I
(1) Robert, probably born before 1495,
married, about 1520, Katherine, daughter
of Archibald Napier of Merchistoun (great-
great-grandfather of the inventor of log-
arithms), by whom he had a son, who died
young. He succeeded his grandfather about
1518, and died before August 29, 1525.
(2) Thomas, probably born about 1495,
married, about 1515, Giles (alive 1576),
daughter of Andrew Cuninghame of Drum-
quhassle. He succeeded his brother or
nephew in Drummiekill shortly after 1525,
and was dead before 1544.
Representatives of this Thomas in the
direct male line can still be traced. One
of his younger sons was Mr. Thomas Bu-
chanan, Provost of Kirkheuch and Minister
of Ceres, who was born about 1520. The
latter was therefore nephew of George Bu-
chanan, though James Melville calls him
"his cusing."
(3) Alexander, who possessed the lands
of Ibert, was probably next in order, though
he is sometimes named after Patrick. He
married Janet Wawer, and died in Novem-
ber, 1574. His eldest son, Mr. Thomas
Buchanan, succeeded his uncle in 1578, as
Keeper of the Privy Seal, and died about
1582. From his second son, John, were
descended the Buchanans of Ballochruin,
who have still a Buchanan representative,
422 A GENEALOGICAL NOTE
but in the female line. The arms on Alex-
ander Buchanan's seal (used by his second
son, John, gth November, 1557) are: A fess
between three boars' (?) heads erased.
(4) Patrick was probably born about
1505. His name is in the lease to Agnes
Heriot of the Offeron of Gartladdimack in
1513. He matriculated at St. Andrews in
1525, at the same time as George. He is
also mentioned in the renewed lease to Agnes
Heriot in 1531, but is not described as " Mr."
although his brother is so designated. As
11 Mr." Patrick Buchanan he was appointed,
in 1542 Preceptor of the Hospital of St.
Leonards, near Peebles, and about the same
time he had a gift of the Deanery of Dunbar.
In 1547, at the invitation of his brother
George, he accompanied the latter to Coimbra.
He seems to have been in Scotland in 1558,
as we find a Mr. Patrick Buchanan witness
to a tack granted by the Commendator of
Arbroath in January 1557-8.
(5) George.
According to the old Buchanan Genealogical
Tree, compiled in 1602, the three sisters of George
Buchanan were: (i) " the Lady Bonull " (Lind-
say), (2) " the Lady Ballikinrain " (Napier),
and (3) " the Lady Knokdory." John Napier,
5th of Ballikinrain, married Agnes Buchanan,
but she cannot have been a sister of George
Buchanan, as the marriage took place before
A GENEALOGICAL NOTE 423
January, 1491-2. The three sisters were still
alive in 1550.
According to Joseph Scaliger, Alexander Mor-
ison, sister's son to George Buchanan, published
an edition of his uncle's Latin psalms; and McUre
calls Marion Buchanan, wife of Andrew Strang,
sister-german of George Buchanan, but as she
was married only about 1600, she must have
belonged to a much later generation.
THE QUATERCENTENARY OF GEORGE BUCHANAN.
If Robert Burns is second to none as a lyric poet;
if Sir Walter is, in Robert Louis Stevenson's words, " out
and away the first of the Romantics;" not less surely
is George Buchanan " the greatest of the Humanists "
of that band of scholars and men of letters who, not
a decade too soon, caught up and preserved all that was
most vital in the bequest of classical antiquity, and pre-
pared the post-Renaissance world for its absorption
and assimilation. Scotland has every reason to be proud
of having produced such a triad, though her pride be
somewhat tempered by the thought that to the first-
named and to the last-named she has been what Dr.
John Brown (after Horace) called an arida nutrix a
cross between the severa mater and the injusta nmvrca.
Four hundred years ago to-day, " or thereby " (" circa
calendas Februarias "), Buchanan, as he tells us in his
Autobiography, was born in the Lennox country, on
the banks of the Blane, an affluent of the Clyde. " With
the few strokes of a master " (in Hallam's phrase), he
introduces us to the farmhouse of his nativity and to
his parentage, " of more antiquity than wealth "his
father prematurely dead, his grandfather still alive, but
424 THE QUATER-CENTENARY OF GEORGE BUCHANAN
a spendthrift, and his mother, Agnes Heriot, " eident,"
and intelligent, who, in face of every difficulty, proved
the guardian angel of the household. One of five sons
and three daughters, George, by his proficiency at school,
induced his uncle, James Heriot, to send him to Paris,
then the most attractive among seats of learning, and
there the boy remained for two years, distinguishing
himself in the Latin verse composition of which he was
to become, in all Europe, the acknowledged master. But,
when barely seventeen, he had to come home, his funds
having given out with his uncle's death; and, after a
twelvemonth's illness, he joined as a recruit the military
force with which the Duke of Albany attempted a raid
upon England. The expedition was a failure, and in
the retreat through snowy weather he fell ill again. From
his sick bed he rose to matriculate in 1524 at St. Andrews
as a pauper student, and next year graduated B.A. In
1526 he returned to Paris " the Lutetia of the ancients
and the Laetitia of the moderns " and at the Scottish
College proceeded to the degree of M.A. There the impe-
cuniosity which was his portion through life was hardly
relieved by an under-mastership at the College of Ste.
Barbe, which, accordingly, he threw up to become tutor
to the Earl of Cassillis's son, then in Paris. Returning
about 1535 with his pupil to Scotland, he was appointed
by James V. as tutor to one of his illegitimate sons. The
King, becoming aware of his poetical gifts, particularly
in satire, employed him to wreak the Royal vengeance
on the Franciscan Order, and this he did so trenchantly
that he incurred the implacable enmity of Cardinal Beaton,
who imprisoned him in the Castle at St. Andrews, whence,
escaping to England, he continued his flight to Paris,
only to find his arch-persecutor there. Again he shifted
his quarters, this time (1539) to Bordeaux, and on the
invitation of the head of its College, Gouva, accepted
THE QUATER-CENTENARY OF GEORGE BUCHANAN 425
a professorship, which he held for three years, winning
the attachment of pupils like Montaigne and the applause
of the academic world by his Latin plays. In 1542 the
plague forced him to leave the Garonne for the Seine,
and, once more at Paris, he filled a chair in Cardinal le
Moine's College. In 1547 Gouve'a induced him to join
the professorial staff of the newly-founded University
of Coimbra, where, however, the Portuguese Inquisition,
on Gouve'a 's death, took over the University and impri-
soned Buchanan on a trumped-up charge of heresy. Re-
leased from prison, he remained for some time under
surveillance in a monastery, where he began his trans-
lation of the Psalms into Latin verse. Finally set at
liberty, he embarked on board a Cretan vessal at Lisbon,
and landing in England, found the country in such tur-
moil that he returned to his beloved France, where we
next hear of him, in 1555, as tutor to the famous Marshal
de Brissac's son, whom he accompanied, in the Marshal's
train, to Italy, where the French were in military occu-
pation of Piedmont and Liguria. In this situation, per-
haps the pleasantest of his life, he remained five years,
after which he returned to Scotland to act as classical
tutor to Queen Mary, to whom he dedicated his now
completed translation of the Psalms. In 1566 he became,
at the instance of the Regent Murray, Principal of St.
Leonard's College, St. Andrews, where for three years
in succession he was one of the four office-bearers em-
powered to choose the Rector. By this time he had
joined the Reformed Church, and after the murder of
Daraley, he sided with the Lords against Queen Mary.
Chosen Moderator of the General Assembly the only
layman ever elected to the post he, in 1568, accompanied
the Regent to the Conference held at York to lay before
Queen Elizabeth's Commissioners, Mary's complicity in
the murder of Darnley. The case against her had already
426 THE QUATER-CENTENARY OF GEORGE BUCHANAN
been drawn up by himself in his famous " Detectio,"
the trenchant vigour of which has been alternately ap-
plauded and censured. He afterwards became tutor
to the boy-King, James VI., who in after life spoke with
pride of his teaching, though he could never forgive him
for his treatise against " divine right," entitled " De
Jure Regni apud Scotos." In 1570 we find him Keeper
of the Privy Seal, and entitled to sit in Parliament. This
post he held for eight years, after which he resumed his
" History of Scotland," which he completed a 
