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HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

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MUSEUM OF OOMPAEATIVE Z0*0L0GY

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d^.lllfli.

BULLETIN

OF THE

Brooklyn Entomological

Vol. XI

Society

NEW SERIES

v;-.l

^v\

1916

EDITED (IN SUCCESSION) BY

F. G. SCHAUPP JOHN B. SMITH GEO. H. HULST

CHAS. LOUIS POLLARD

R. P. DOW

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE

CHARLES SCHAEFFER.

J. R. de la TORRE-BUENO,

ROBERT P. DOW.

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PRESS OP

The New Era Printing company
lancaster. pa

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Dec, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society

INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

Mentioned in Volume XI. New forms marked *.

Acalypta lillianis,* 39

thorns onii, 39
Agrotis violaris, 21
Ailanthus, 114
Alsophila, 69

pometaria, 85
Anaro stoma, 15
Anarostomoides,* 15

peter soni* 15
Anax Junius, 18
Anisopteryx, 69
Antho charts genutia, 17
Antiblemma inexacta, 17
Apion, 42

Aprostocetus ulysses,* 112
Aradus cinnamomeus, 90

falleni, 90

shermani, 90

uniformis, 90
Arctia caia, 18

naij, 17

wV^o, 90
Ateuchus sacer, 26

agyptorum, 27 v

Athous scapularis, 90
Attacus cecropia, 114

calif ornica, 114

Columbia, 114
v gloveri, 114
Attalea, 41
Aulonium parallopipedum, 17

tuberculatum, 17
Aulonothroscus rugosiceps,* 63

constrictor, 63
Autographa biloba, 21

Banasa packardi, 91
Bellura gortynides, 90
Bembidium cannula, 13

Morale, 13

lorquini, 13

pugetanum,* 13
Betula populi folia, 18
Bombus flaznfrons, 46

pennsylvanicus, 46
Bruchomorpha oculata, 17

Cafius johnsoni* 13
Callirhytis cornigera, 18
Callosamia promethea, 17, 114
C aloe amp a cineritia, 17

curvimacula, 17
Calosoma sycophanta, 18
Calypterus betula, 18
Cantharis, 26
Canthon, 26

praticola, 81 ^
Carabus limbatus, 18

nemoralis, Vj

vinctus, 18
Catocala carissima, 90

elonympha, 17

relicta, 18
Cebri* antennatus* 107

bicolor, 107

compositus, 108

emarginatus* 108

estriatus, 108

mandibulars, 108
Cephidia textrionis, 17
Ceratomia undulosa, 90
Cereus giganteus, 78
Cerura multiscripta, 90
Cetonia, 27

Chalcholepidius viridipennis, 90
Chlanius pennsylvanicus, 81
Chloridea obsoleta, 42
Chrysomyza one a, 42

demandata, 40
Cicindela consentanea, 18

cuprascens, 81

formosa, 81

hirticollis, 81

/*tt^H, 81

leptda, 81

macra, 81

modesta, 91

patruela, 18

ponderosa, 81

purpurea, 18

repanda, 81

rugifrons, 91

scutellaris, 81, 91

sex-guttata, 18

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Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol. XI

Cicindela striga, 92

tranquebarica, 81
Cingelia catenaria, 18
Clerus ichneumoneus, 90
Compsothrips albosignatus, 65
Copris, 26

Carolina, 17
Copt oder a <erata, 90
Cossonus bohemanni, 79

concinnus, 74, 79

crenatus, 79

ellipticollis, 79

fossicollis* 74, 78

hubbardi, 74 77, 79

impressifrons, 79

pacificus* 74, 75

pinephilus, 77

platalea, 7p

quadricolhs, 79

schwarsi* 74, 76

subareatus, 74, 75

texanus, 74
Cremastochilus nitens, 81
Creniphilus subcupreus, 47
Cychrus stenostomus, 18, 90

elevatus, 18

shoemakeri, 18

canadensis, 18

pyrsolepis, 90

stenostomus, go
Cymbiodyta fimbriata, 47
Cryptothrips bicolor, 64

dentipes, 64

gilvipes, 64

/ato, 64

Decatoma marylandica* 112
Dermestes pulcher, 91
Diacrisia virginica, 21

latipennis, 21
Dianthus carthusianorum, 46
Dorcus brevis, 70

parallelus carnochani* 70
Drapetes ecarinatus,* 62

geminatus, 62

m#ef, 62

nitidus, 62

quadripustulatus, 62

rubricollis, 62
Dysterias abortivalia, 17

Elachistus louisiana, 112

marylandica* 112
Elasmocerus terminatus, 17
Endecatoma, 112
Epinaptera americana, 17
Erirhipis herbacea occidentalism 84

Eucetia pudens, 17
EunuBUs atala, 91
Euphoria areata, 91

herbacea, 84
Euxesta exilis,* 45

quadrivittata, 40, 44

Galeroclerus fasciata, 74

trilobatus, 74
Gargaphia angulata, 18
Ganra^r, 87
Geopinus fluvialis, 81
Geotrupes opacus, 81
Gerris, 53
£/<?a carnosa, »2i
Gonatocerus novifasciatus, 112
Grynocharis expansa* 72

oregonensis, 73

pilosula, 73, 74

quadrilineata, 73

Hadena burgessi, 21

Hepialus argenteomaculatus, 21

auratus, 18
Halictus floridanus ccesareus,* 11

nymphaearum, 11

oceanicus* 11
Heteromyza, 15
Helluomorpha nigripennis, 90
Homoglcea hircina, 17
Homoptera cingulifera, 21
Hydro'essa, 56
Hydrometra australis, 92

martini, 92
Hydrotaea acuta, 109

arnipes, 109

bispinosa, 109

ciliata, 109

cressoni, 109

dentipes, no
• houghi,* no

irritans, 109

metatarsata, 109

meteorica, no

mtlitaris, 109

occulta, 109

unispinosa, 109

Idiocerus skurra, 17

Jodia rufago, 17

, Laricobius erichsoni, 14

laticollis* 14
Lemna, 60

Leptura americana, 90
Libocedrus decurrens, 72, 73

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Dec, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society

Ligyrus relictus, 81

Limenitis arthetnis, 90

Liodes alpha, 20

Lucanus elaphus carlengi* 70

Lucilia casar, 33

Lygidea mendax, 18

Lymexylon sericeum, 17

Macrovelia horni, 92
Malacosoma americana, 17

disstria, 17
Marumba modesta, 90
Menecles insertus, 91
Merinus laevis, 90
Merragata hebroides, 92
Mesovelia bisignata, 92

mulsanti, 92
Microvelia, 53

albonotata, 57

americana, 57

atrata* S7, 63

borealis* 57, 59

capitata, 58

fontinalis* 57, 58

pulchella, 59
Micrutalis calva, 91
Miscogaster marilandica,* 87
Afyar coracinus, 90

cyanescens, 18

Naogeus burnieisteri, 91

pusillus, 91
Necrobia rufipes, 33
Nemosoma attenuatum, 72

cylindricum, 20

fissiceps, 72

punctatum* 71
Neuroctenus simplex, 90
Noto gramma stigma, 40, 41
Notoxus arisonensis,* 36

balhatus, 35

bifasciatus, 38

brevicornis* 34

breviusculus* 35

calcaratus, 33, 37

cavicornis, 36

delicatus, 36

intermedins,* 38

montanus, 33, 35, 37

nevadensis, 35

nuperoides* 33

nuperus, 33

pallidus* 35

similis* 37

Odontonyx trivittis, 90
Odontota hornii, 90
(Edaleothrips hookeri* 64

Oncocnemis riparia, 17
Onthophagus guatemaliensis, 81
Operophtera bruceata, 68
Ophion, 115

Orgyia leucostigma, 11 1
Orthosteira, 39
Orthostira, 39
Oscinoides* arpidiaf 87
Oxygramma rogationis, 21

Pachnobia salicarum, 17
Paleacrita, 69

vernata, 85
Panchrysia purpurigera, 21
Papaipema speciossissima, 18
Pasimachus depresses, 18, 90, 91
Phanceus difformis, 79, 81
Philhydrus nebulosus, 47

ochraceus, 47
Philonthus quadricollis, 14

seminitens, 14
Philosamia cynthia, 114
Phlceosinus sp., 72

sordidus, 14
Phyllophaga, 68
Piezocorynus dispar, 90
Pimelia, 27
Pimpla, 114
Putftf sabiniana, 79
Pirene marylandensis,* 88

marylandicus, 88
Pithanus maerkeli, 18
Pleocoma australis, 12

behrensi, 12

conjungens, 12

fimbriata, 12

hirticolli*, 12

hoppingi, 12

puncticollis, 12

rickseckeri, 12

Jto#, 12

w/fc*i, 12
Podisus fretus* 82

maculiventris, 83

serieventris, 83
Populus tremuloides, 74
Promachus fitchii, 66

milberti, 68

vertebratus, 66
Protoparce Carolina, 21

j^^a, 21
PsapHidia thaxterianus, 17
Psenocerus supernotatus, 20
Pseudometagea hillmeadia,* 113
Pseudovespa austriaca, 102
Psithyrus insularis, 46

variabilis, 47
Pterostichus pupuratus, 90

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Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol. XI

Quercus coccinea, 18
palustris, 18

Renia tilosalis, vj
Rhagovelia, 53

obesa, 55

saline, 56
Rheumatobates, 55
Rhus copalina, 20

glabra, 20

typhina, 103

Saprinus sp. 81
Scaphinotus shoemakeri, 90
Scarabaus, 26
Scopelosoma sidus, 17

tristigtnata, 17
Seioptera vibrans, 40, 46
Selenophorus sp., 81
Smerinthus astarte, 90

geminatus, 21
Solatium, 41
Soronia ulkei, 17
Spharidium scarabaoides, 81
Sphenophorus destructor, 81
57>/k?*, 32
Sphida obliqua, 90
Sphinx chersis, 91
Sthenopis 4-maculatus, 21
Strategus mormon, 79
Strongylium terminatum, 90

Taniocampa alia, 17

rubescens, vj
Tenebrioides mauritanica, 17
Tetraopes canescens, 81
Tetrastichomyia clisiocampae, 11 1

orygae,* ill

siluensis, in
7Vtti> sp., 91
Throscus carinicollis* 63

chevrolati, 63
Tortricidia testacea, 17

Trechus borealis, po
Tricrania sanguimpennis, 17, 91
Tritoxa rufipes, 40
Trochofus marinus, 56
Trogostta virescens, 17
Tropistemus glaber, 47

lateralis, 47
Trydymus aureipes, 88

Vanessa milberti, vj
Velia, 53

australis,* 54

current, 53

rivulorum, 53

stagnalis, 54
Veliomopha, 56
Fw/>a, 32, 101

aw*rtVana, 103

arborea, 103

austriaca, 103

l™*eolis, 103

Carolina, 104

communis, 104

consobrina, 102

diabolica, 104

geramnica, 104

intermedia, 103

maculata, 104

occidentalis, 104

Pennsylvania, 104

ri«/a, 103

sulphurea, 104

vidua, 104

vulgaris. 104
Volucella obesa, 46

Xanthoptera semifiava, 17
Xylina antennata, 17

bethunei, 17

disposita, 21

fagina, 21

unimoda, 17

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•: 1-0 IJio
Vol. XI APRIL, 1916 No. 2

BULLETIN

OF THE

Brooklyn Entomological
Society

NEW SERIES

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE

CHARLES SCHAEFFER,
Chairman

f . R. de la TORRE-BUENO. ROBERT P. DOW.

Advertising Manager Editor

Published by the Society
Price, 25 cents Subscription, $1.00 per year (five issues}

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CONTENTS

ENTOMOLOGY AND LITERATURE, Slosson 49

VELIINAE OF ATLANTIC STATES, Torre Bueno 52

OSBORN, AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY 61

NEW SPECIES OF THROSCIDAE, Schaeffer 62

(EDALEOTHRIPS HOOKERI, N. SR, N. GEN., Hood 64

COMPARISON OF PUP^ OF PROMACHUS VERTEBRATUS

AND FITCHII, Malloch 66

OPEROPHTERA BRUCEATA, Pearsall 68

TWO NEW LUCANIDS, Angell 70

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•iun 19 ii,6

BULLETIN

OF THE

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Vol. XI June, 1916 No. 3

ENTOMOLOGY AND LITERATURE

By Annie Trumbull Slosson, N. Y. City.

I am not going to write of entomological literature; we know
all about that — sometimes more than we wish perhaps. But I
want to speak of these two subjects as quite separate things, the
study of insects and belles lettres. I am led to do this by certain
happenings, some of them seeming to show how far apart these
two are, some proving that they are closely akin. In the first
place I, myself, have been surprised again and again by coming
across the name as author, on title page of book, or at head of
magazine essay, of someone I had known previously only as an
entomologist. In the boulders of the far west dwells a man who
knows more about hymenoptera than do the bees and wasps them-
selves. Beside his entomological papers, he has written charming
literary essays with not a sting or waspish allusion therein, but a
store of honey will reward the reader. I read, some years ago, a
clever detective novel, full of crime and mystery. Not till I had
finished the volume, solved the problem, and found out who " did
it," had I turned to the title page for the name of the author.
Fancy my amaze when I saw that our authority on the Plusia
group had deserted for the nonce his silver-lined, gold-touched
favorites and, as a little Vermont boy I once met used to say,
"done a book." He wrote others too, books with not, if I re-
member rightly, a lepidopterous allusion, a noctuidic touch, a
hint of moth from Panchrysia to Syngrapha.

And we have another insect student, an expert and authority in
Coleoptera who turns out books with not a beetle in them. They
do not treat of elytra, gauzy wings, femora and tarsi as means

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50 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol XI

of locomotion but tell of wheels, tires and treadles, about which
he " knows it all." Yet, at heart I really believe that — to parody
rather irreverently lines of a great poet — he would say from his
heart

Better beetles far of Europe

Than a cycle of Cathay.

I have a delightful little book called " Days Afield." It deals
with nature, but not entomological nature only, tells of the woods
and streams and fields of that island of which the author is the
Gilbert White of Selborne memory. He could not, being what
he is, leave out all hint of butterfly, beetle, bug, — but there is
more of bird and blossom than of insects. The book was written
several years ago; perhaps its author would not, could not now,
be so conservative ; could not banish to silence from his pages the
shrilling of the cicada, the jarring of the " jar-fly."

Several English entomologists have written books on subjects
quite apart from the branch of natural history to which their
authors were devoted, indeed apart from natural history itself.
One, at least, wrote poetry, odes, sonnets, even hymns, in which
not a cricket chirped, bee hummed, fly buzzed, or beetle stridu-
lated. Few who knew and sympathized with him as an en-
tomologist dreamed of his being a poet, and those who read and
loved his verse had little knowledge of his taste for "bee and
moth and flying thing*." Grote, so well known as a student of
lepidoptera, was also a poet, writing pleasing and rhythmical
verse. Many years ago, in the very earliest days of the New
York Entomological Society, I took with me to one of its meet-
ings, a guest staying at my home. It was Charles Dudley Warner,
just then at the height of his fame as a delightful writer of essays,
a charming teller of stories. I introduced my distinguished
friend to one or two of the members before the meeting opened
and presently one of them drew me aside and asked the visitors's
name as he had not caught it. When I repeated it with pardon-
able pride the eager entomologist said, " Yes, of course I've heard
his name but forget his line. Is it coleoptera?" Poor Mr.
Warner ! It was a lesson to him — for you may be sure I made
the most of it after the meeting — and I can hear him now say, as
he said then with his whimsical smile, " There's a man who would

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June, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 51

despise me if he knew I have not an idea what coleoptera is. I
only write things." Many hobby-riders who also " write things "
have had similar experiences.

Entomology and literature work well together in harness, each
being a good " running mate " for the other. Some authors are
troubled to find names for their stories, titles for their books.
An entomologist need never be at a loss in the matter. Let him
take a volume at random from the shelf which holds his bound
magazines. He will find it bristling with suggestions, scintillating
with bright hints. Ah, the stories I have wanted to write as I
looked over the index of some one of our journals. What an
epic I might write on " The Song of Thyreonotus " from an old
magazine; it is a whole Greek tragedy in itself. I wrote —
mentally and with not a pen in sight — a weird tale with the title
stolen from the Canadian Entomologist, "Aberrations of
Vanessa." She had many idiosyncrasies, this Vanessa, heroine
of my psychological story, still unwritten. " The Coulee Cricket "
suggested an irrepressible cowboy bearing that nickname because
of his nimble escapes from dangers such as prisons, police and
such. " The Capture of Monodontomerus " is a taking title for
an Indian romance. " Cannibalistic Tendencies of Certain
Females" suggests a tale of lady vampires or ghouls, and "A
Flight of Water Boatmen" is not a bad name for a sea story.
These things show, I think, how entomology may help the literary
man. As to the reverse, how a literary touch adds to the charm
of entomological writings, need I try to prove it? Several of the
writers for this and for our other journals make of their papers
concerning dry, technical subjects, delightful essays, real idyls.
Some of our fellow naturalists in Canada write such papers,
published in the annual report of their society, and I read them
with great pleasure enjoying them as I do the essays of Thoreau,
Burroughs, Muir and Bradford Torrey. A certain orthopterist
in a New England town often gives a delightful literary touch to
his scientific descriptions, making the reader see sporting elves,
fairies or brownies, in green or wood color, instead of leaping
insects with their polysyllabic titles.

In an article published in Psyche more than twenty years ago
on the orthoptera of certain islands off the Massachusetts coast

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52 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol XI

this specialist spoke of the cruelty shown the sea birds there by
summer visitors. These mutilated the young terns, severing their
wing-tips to carry home as mementoes and leaving the crippled
victims suffering and helpless. And he wrote : " The shadow of
a tern's wing is but slight and its hue is that of the surf along the
shore, yet it might well forever cloud the memory and darken the
record of the heartless wretches who practised such devilish
cruelty upon the helpless innocents of Penikese."

In your own Bulletin a writer who has delved into the past
has brought out wonderful treasures from Egypt, from Greece,
from sages and poets of olden days, even quoting Sanscrit freely
in his writings as if it were his native patois.

It has been a sort of fashion these last years, the introduction
of entomology into fiction. I have come across several novels
lately in which the hero or some subordinate character is a col-
lector of insects. One such book is "Mr. Hobby," published a
year or two ago. And Joseph Conrad, in his " Lord Jim," intro-
duces such a character, a merchant named Stein. The author
describes the hero's room with its "dark boxes of uniform shape
and color on narrow shelves," and speaks of his " Buprestidae and
Longicorns, horrible miniature monsters, looking malevolent even
in death." What do Messrs. Schaeffer, Leng, et al. think of that
description of their beautiful favorites? Just fancy calling our
brilliant Buprestis rufipes or fasciata or any species of our grace-
ful Strangalia or Bellamira, horrible and malevolent!

But I must stop here. This is a wandering, erratic sort of
essay, and, as I look back over it I see that its title it most mislead-
ing. For surely it is not entomology and just as surely no one
could call it literature.

THE VELIINAE OF THE ATLANTIC STATES

By J. R. de la Torre Bueno, White Plains, N. Y.

In a previous paper* the larger forms of the Gerridae, the sub-
family Gerrinae, were considered ; here we deal with those minute
species so seldom seen at large and still more infrequently in col-

♦1911, "The Gerrids of the Atlantic States (Subfamily Gerrinae)," Tr.
Am. Ent. Soc, XXXVII, No. 3, PP- 243-252.

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June, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 53

lections. They dwell, as do their larger cousins, wherever there
is water to bear them on its elastic surface, except that, being far
smaller, they do not require such wide reaches for a contented
existence. Some may be found in the narrow confines of springs
and water-holes ; others in swift streams where the ripples braid
the waters; or again, in salt coast estuaries; and finally, certain
ones seek the shelter of vegetation growing in slow-moving
streams, or on the edges of ponds. None, however, counts among
its members such daring navigators as there are among the larger
Gerrinae. In the eastern United States, these small forms are ap-
parently as numerous in species as the larger ; it is even possible
that there are more of the former, since the much more noticeable
Gerrids are far likelier to be collected than the inconspicuous
atoms here dealt with. The subfamily is divided into three gen-
era, which may be separated by the following key :

1. Anterior tarsi 2-jointed; last antennal joint longest.. Microvelia Westw.

2. Anterior tarsi 1- or 3-jointed; first antennal joint longest.

3. Anterior tarsi i-jointed; intermediate tarsi longer than last, 3d joint

split and with feathery hairs set in split Rhagovelia Mayr

4. Anterior tarsi 3-jointed; intermediate tarsi longer than last, but not

split and without feathery hairs Velia Latr.

Velia Latreille, 1804, Gen. Crust. Ins., Ill : 133. — This genus ,
is represented in the Atlantic States by only two species, neither
of which is known as yet north of the vicinity of Washington,
D, C. Little seems to be known in regard to them. Miall limits
his remarks on the European V. currens to stating that it swims
under water more readily than Gerris and walks back-downward
on the surface film. The genus is dimorphic as to wings, which,
of course, makes certain structural changes in the thorax. Like
all their congeners, the species of the genus are predaceous. So
far as known; they are stream forms, as denoted by the names
of the two Europeans, currens and rivulorum. These congregate
in small schools, though our own have been taken only by ones
and twos. The European species overwinter as adults in moss
on stones. The eggs are deposited in spring on the vegetation
coining to the surface.*

*C. Wesenberg-Lund, " Fortpflanzungsverhaltnisse : Paarung und Eia-
blage der Susswasserinsekten," Forts. Nat. Forsch., Halle, VII: 196.

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54 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol. XI

The species thus far recognized from the eastern United States
may be separated by the following key :

i (2). Intermediate tarsi subequal to or but little longer than posterior,
joints 2 and 3 subequal; second joint of hind tarsi longer than
third V. stagnalis Burm., Heid., Bueno

2 (1). Intermediate tarsi much longer than posterior, joint 2 much
longer than 3; joint 2 of hind tarsi shorter than 3; (first joint
of antennae nearly one and a half times as long as second).

V. australis n. sp.

Velia stagnalis Burmeister, 1835, Handbuch, II: 212. — So far, this spe-
cies has been taken only in the apterous form. Before me are two speci-
mens, one from Washington, D. C. (Heidemann), and the other from
Raleigh, N. C. (C. S. Brimley). Burmeister records two specimens from
near Philadelphia, and it is also stated to be found in Cuba. I know of
no life history notes or details of habitat.

Velia australis n. sp. — Head triangularly obtusely produced with a me-
dian impressed line ; eyes globose, a little less in diameter than the distance
between them. Antennae slender, first joint stoutest, longest, curved;
second joint thinner than first, but stouter than third and fourth, shortest;
third and fourth joints slender, of nearly equal thickness throughout, sub-
equal in length ; all pilose and setigerous.

Thorax faintly carinate, roundedly produced posteriorly, deeply punc-
tured; two transverse impressions before the middle, the posterior with
four deep foveate punctures; lateral angles prominent.

Hemelytra (or tegmina) narrower and slightly shorter than abdomen,
with slight distinction of texture between corium and membrane.

Femora stout, anterior shortest, intermediate longest; all the tibiae are
longer than the corresponding femora ; intermediate tarsi longest, anterior
shortest, first joint in all minute, second joint longest in second and third
pair of tarsi, third joint in first pair.

In the middle section of the metapleurae is an obscure and scarcely dis-
tinguishable opening, protected by three long black upwardly curving
spines, which can be seen from above. This is a distinguishing character
of this species, as it is apparently not found in other American forms
described and in the four or five known to me in nature.

Color brown; silvery pilose: posterior connexival edges from third to
sixth segment (only fourth to sixth visible in winged), an interrupted
streak on the connexival suture beneath; luteous: antennae, coxae, tro-
chanters, base of rostrum and bands on legs and bases of all femora,
remainder of legs infuscated. Hemelytra fuliginous with sparse golden
pubescence on corium; corium with a narrow apical white streak; mem-
brane smoky with three white spots at apex, the central one cordate and
deeply emarginate, the two lateral ones irregularly rounded and nearer the
apex of the membrane. Veins concolorous.

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Apterous form: Pronotum stout, transversely impressed about one
fourth its length from the anterior margin, two longitudinal impressions
from the anterior margin at the eyes meet it, producing deep foveae at
the points of juncture; rounded truncate posteriorly with a somewhat
broad explanate margin. Six abdominal segments and two genital visible
dorsally, six ventrally (as in the winged), segments except the first of
nearly equal length, abdomen widest at fifth and sixth segments, with two
deep longitudinal lateral grooves. Connexival edges blunt, rounded; gen-
ital segment quadrilateral, twice as broad as long, truncated, with the
second genital segment projecting beyond like a small blunt knob. Other
structural characters as in the winged, except two small, triangular wing-
pads.

Color brown as in the winged, except that the specimen in hand is some-
what darker in shade. Silvery pilose, two small anter-lateral patches on
pronotum, posterior connexival edges from second to sixth segment, pos-
terior middle of third dorsal segment, broadening in fourth and broadly
lateral in fifth and sixth, fifth segment with a small posterior median
patch. Milk white, vestigial wing pads projecting beyond posterior edge
of pronotum. Winged, long., 5.3 mm. ; lat., 2 mm. at humeri. Apterous,
long., 5 mm. ; lat, 1.7 mm.

Described from one winged male, " Fla., Wagner — E. I. ", with
last two joints of antennae missing; and one apterous male, with
two joints of right antennae missing, from Spring Creek, Decatur
Co., Georgia, June 7-23, 1912. J. C. Bradley.

Type, winged male in my collection.

Paratype (and morphotype), apterous male in collection J. C.
Bradley.

Rhagovelia Mayr. 1865, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, XV: 445.

Bcecula Stal, 1865, Hem. Afr., Ill: 167. Neovelia F. B.
White, 1879, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool., XIV: 487.
Trochopus Carpenter, 1898, Ent. Mo. Mag., XXXIV: 78.

Rhagovelia, next to Rheumatobates, is perhaps the most in-
teresting genus of the waterstriders in regard to special adapta-
tion ta a peculiar habitat, to be found only in running streams.
The species are dimorphic, but in our latitude the fully winged
are rarely seen. Little is known as to their breeding habits or
other phases of life. The Atlantic States forms are easily sep-
arated, aside from the difference of habitat, by the following key :

1. Intermediate and hind tarsi third joint longest; hind femora incrassate
and spinose in both sexes; very dark in color and with a more or
less aeneous luster R. obesa Uhler

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56 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol XI

2. Intermediate and hind tarsi second joint longest; hind femora scarcely
incrassate in both sexes, not spinose; lead gray in color (subgenus
Trochopus Carpenter) R. plumb e a Uhler

Rhagovelia obesa Uhler, 1871, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
XIV: 107. This species is found in the rapid parts of streams
throughout the Atlantic States. In such places, they congregate
in schools, swimming powerfully in zig-zags against the current,
or at times sheltered behind some out jutting rock, placidly
paddling in the eddies that swirl about it. The peculiar tarsal
plume in this species and its striking function are described in
detail in the Canadian Entomologist.* This is a difficult form to
confine in an aquarium, as it immediately takes to diving and
finally perishes. Rhagovelia obesa is sometimes found winged
about New York, but so rarely that my fifteen years of collecting
have yielded only seven. It is perhaps the most widespread
species of the genus and it has been suspected that some of
Champion's Central American species may be but unrecognized
variants of it. Central America seems to be the metropolis of
the genus, as most of the known species are thence. It has been
recorded from all the Atlantic States except Florida and is known
from Canada.

Rhagovelia {Trochopus) plumbea Uhler, 1894, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., p. 217 = Trochopus marinus Carpenter, 1889, Eqt.
Mo. Mag., XXXIV: 78, pi. 3. This species is a denizen of
estuaries, bays and other brackish or salt waters on our southern
coasts and about the Antilles. There is only one other with a
like habitat, Rh. salina Champ., which is found on the Central
American coast cays. Nothing further seems to be known of its
habits. Its leaden hue alone is enough to distinguish it from its
near relatives.

Microvelia Westwood, 1834, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 111:647.
Hydro'essa Burmeister, 1835, Handbuch, II: 213. Veliomorpha
Carlini, 1895, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., XXXV: 120. This genus
contains not only the smallest of the waterstriders, but also of all
the water-dwellers among the Hemiptera. It is very likely the
most abundant as to numbers and species, and the most widely

* 1907, on Rhagovelia obesa Uhler, Vol. XXXIX : 61-64.

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June, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 57

distributed, since it is known from all the continents and nearly
all the islands in every zoological region. Be it pond, lake or
stream, it is always possible to secure them hiding among the
grasses or walking about the banks or stalking their game on the
green fields of duck-weed floating on some placid pool. This
genus also is dimorphic, the winged and wingless so notably dif-
ferent that they have frequently been taken for distinct species.
However, in the antennae we have such excellent characters that it
is always possible to bring together both forms of any one species
and to differentiate them from others, though closely related.
This character is largely employed in this key to the species of
Microvelia :

1 (2). Antennae comparatively short and stout, not exceeding length of

head and thorax taken together; legs short and stout.

M. atrata n. sp.

2 (1). Antennae slender, of varying lengths.

3 (4). Posterior tibiae curved in male, straight in female; antennae short,

not as long as head and thorax taken together; apterous male,
long, slender, fusiform, female, short, broad, nearly orbiculate.

M. borealis n. sp.

4 (3). Posterior tibiae straight in both sexes.

5 (8). Posterior tarsi 3-jointed.

6 (7). Antennal joint 3 longer than 1, 4 subequal to 2 and 3 taken together ;

joints 3 and 4 slender, equally stout and of the same diameter
throughout, 4 tapering at the end, antennae very long ; hemelytra
much marked with white M. albonotata Champ.

7 (6). Antennal joint 3 subequal to 1, 4 shorter than 2 and 3 taken

together, stouter than 3, fusiform; apterous form with dorsal
patches of blue-gray pile M. fontinalis n. sp.

8 (5). Posterior tarsi 2-jointed; antennal joints 1 and 3 subequal, 4 much

shorter than 2 and 3 taken together ; apterous form with dorsal
patches of silvery white pile; winged form with unicolorous
hemelytra M. americana Uhler

Microvelia americana Uhler, 1883, Stand. Nat. Hist., 11:274.
This species may be further separated from its relatives by the
fourth antennal joint longer than 3d, and 1 than 2, 2 being the
shortest ; 3 is the thinnest, the others of nearly equal diameter and
1 slightly curved. The hind femora extend slightly beyond the
apex of the abdomen; the hind tibiae are straight in both sexes,
and the hind tarsi two-jointed. Its life-history and habits have
been detailed before*

* 1910, Canadian Entomologist, XLII : 176-186.

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58 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol XI

The species ranges over all the Eastern States south to Florida
and west to the Mississippi. It has been found in Colorado and
is said to occur in Texas. The southwestern records, however,
should be confirmed by careful study.

MicrovelU fontinalis n. sp. — Apterous form: Head nearly as broad as
long; white pile next to eyes. Eyes round, small, prominent, black; ocelli
close to eyes.

Antennae nearly half as long as the entire insect; joints i and 2 sub-
equal, 1 shortest, 3 longer than 2, 4 longest; joint 1 stoutest, 2 following,
3 slender and 4 stouter than 3, fusiform; all joints more or less pilose,
especially 4.

Thorax longer than first three dorsal abdominal segments. Femora in
all three pairs of legs stouter than tibiae, hairy, all tibiae straight. Femora
flavous toward base, tibiae entirely fuscous.

Six abdominal dorsal segments visible, first and second dorsally with
lateral patches of fine blue-gray pile; five and six with a median large
patch, nearly covering the entire segment; all segments margined with
black; first four segments brown above; all segments a lighter brown on
the underside, covered with a sericeous pile. Connexivum strongly re-
flexed in both sexes, more so in the female; spiracles visible at connexi-
vum; male genital segment not very prominent. General color fuscous,
strongly pilose.

Type, female taken at White Plains, Westchester Co., N. Y., June 30,
1912;. paratypes, four specimens same place, same date, two Westfield,
N. J., September 3, 1904.

Long., 2.3 mm. ; lat., 1.1 mm. at widest part.

Only the wingless form is known. It was taken in numbers in
a spring in a marshy woodland, where it clings to the long mosses
growing into the water or walks about leisurely a short distance
from the rocky sides of the basin. The blue-gray patches of
pubescence on the dorsum are distinguishing characteristics. The
characters given distinguish it from M. americana, for small
specimens of which it might be mistaken. In antennal structure
it is near M. albonotata.

Microvelia albonotata Champion, 1898, Biologia Centrali Amer-
icana, Heteroptera, II, pp. 127, 129, pi. VIII, f. 7, winged form.
= M. capitata Bueno, Heidemann in Insects of N. J., nee Guerin,
for the apterous form.

Apterous form: Connexivum strongly reflexed, with brown patch on
each segment; dorsum black, except three last abdominal segments, which
are broadly greenish, the last entirely so. Genital segment large, promi-

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June, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 59

nent. Thorax tumid, mesothorax rounded behind; metathorax straight,
form narrow, abdomen subparallel. Male, Morphotype, male, Fort Lee
district, N. J., Oct. 10, 1903.

Apterous female: Differs from the male in having the abdomen poste-
riorly roundedly truncate; form obovate. The specimen in question has
the dorsum nearly entirely a deep velvety black ; another specimen shows
but little black. Morphoparatypes, 2 females, Fort Lee District, N. J.,
Oct. 10, 1003 ; Fly Creek, N. Y., August 29, 1906.

This species was described from a single winged male from
Guatemala. Subsequently recorded from Riverton, N. J., by Van
Duzee, the writer later secured it at Westfield, N. J. The speci-
mens from the United States agree with a Mexican in collection
Kirkaldy.

In this species, as in the other, the most obvious character is
in the long thin antennae. It cannot be mistaken for any other
species, being the largest of our eastern forms, except americana,
from which its sjim body, long thin antennae and white-spangled
hemelytra at once distinguish it. The apterous are more glabrous
and much less velvety in appearance than the winged. It is also
known from Georgia, taken by Dr. J. C. Bradley.

Microvelia borealis n. sp. = M . pulchella Bueno et auctt. Am., nee West-
wood, v

Head with an impressed line down the middle; antennae slender; not
quite as long as head and thorax taken together; joint 1 stoutest, 3 slen-
derest, 2 and 4 nearly equal in thickness, the last fusiform; joint 2 shorter
than 1, which is subequal to 3 and shorter than 4, the longest; a white
line next the eyes. Pronotum as long as broad, with a distinct collum,
rounded behind, humeral angles prominent, tumid. Both head and thorax
velvety black, except for the silvery stripe next the eyes in the former.
Eyes round, diameter half the distance between them. Hemelytra as wide
as abdomen, entirely membranous; nervures prominent, black, cells gray
except apical which is white. Femora slightly stouter than the tibiae, legs
pilose, posterior tibiae curved, bases of femora lighter in color. Genital
segment prominent. Fusiform in shape.

Long., 1.6 mm. ; lat., .7 mm. at humeri.

Type, winged male, taken at Cranford, N. J., on the Rah way River,
August 8, 1904.

Winged female: Differs from the male principally in the broader form,
sides of abdomen subparallel and more or less curving; hemelytra do not
quite cover connexivum; posterior tibiae straight.

Long., 2 mm. ; lat., .8 mm.

Allotype, winged female, Staten Island, N. Y., August 19, 1905.

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60 Bulletin of the Brooklyn' Entomological Society Vol XI

Apterous male: Fusiform, pronotum tumid, divided by distinct sutures
into three segments; mesonotum with a deep suture behind middle, di-
rected anteriorly at each end ; genital segment prominent ; abdominal seg-
ments subequal. Velvety gray black in color.

Long., 1.9 mm. ; lat, .7 mm.

Morphotype: Apterous male, from Staten Island, same date.

Apterous female: Orbiculate, genital segment truncate; gray and black
coloring, much more marked and definite than in male.

Long., 1.6 mm.; lat, 1.1 mm. at widest part.

Morphoparatype : Apterous female, Staten Island, N. Y., June 3, 1905.
Nine other paratypes of both sexes and forms from Westfield, N. J., Yap-
hank, L. I., and Staten Island.

In all the underside of the head, pro- and mesosternum are yellowish,
as well as the coxae, trochanters and greater part of femora.

This species has appeared in the writer's papers as pulchella
Westwood, from which it may be separated, aside from being
smaller by having joint 1 of antennae longer than 2. The former,
so far as is known, is only Antillean in distribution.

It is perhaps the most abundant of our native Microvelias, and
it may always be found in large colonies on the matted Lemna
on still ponds. It is just as predaceous as its larger congeners
and is most frequently found in the wingless form, although the
fully winged is not rare. It begins to breed on emergence from
its winter quarters, and lays its eggs end-to on the underside of
the duckweed leaves with the head toward the edge, in the usual
gelatine. The nymphs emerge in 8 to 13 days, and after four
molts reach the adult in about 16 days minimum, or 24 days from
the egg to the adult, which would allow for eight generations in a
summer. One female may lay several batches of eggs; her
progeny may be found in various instars at the same time.

Attention is directed to the unusual number of molts, as the
general rule in Heteroptera is five.

Microvelia atrata n. sp. — Head comparatively short and broad; eyes
round, rather prominent; antennae short, rather stout, not much longer
than head and thorax taken together, joint 1 stoutest, 3 thinnest, 2 shortest,
4 longest, fusiform, 3 shorter than 4 and subequal to 1, which is longer
than 2. Pronotum not much produced, rounded behind; humeri promi-
nent Collum yellowish with narrow black median line; suture before
middle of thorax grayish pilose. Hemelytra not so wide as abdomen,
corium and clavus milk-white at base, a white patch in the middle cell.
Legs comparatively short and stout, tibiae straight in both sexes. Sub-
parallel in shape.

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June, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 61

General color, sooty black; pronotum narrowly flavous toward apex;
connexivum flavous edged with black above and below; grayish black
pilose beneath; femora light yellow basally.

Long., 2 mm. ; lat., .9 mm. at humeri.

Type, female, Billy's Island, Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia, June, 1912,
collected by J. C. Bradley.

Allotype, male, differs from female in having the genital segment
rounded and slightly prominent. Same locality and date.

Long., 1.7 mm.; lat, .8 mm. at humeri.

Apterous male, subparallel in form ; genital segment visible from above,
small, not very prominent; a glabrous indentation in the last abdominal
segment ; connexivum not much reflexed ; prothorax short with two more
or less obscure transverse sutures. Vestigial wings visible at posterior
edge of thorax as two minute milk-white pads. Entire insect brown pilose.

Long., 1.6 mm. ; lat, .8 mm. at widest part.

Morphoparatype, apterous male from same locality, same date.

Apterous female, differs from male in form, which is obovate, and in the
shape of the genital segment, which is visible from above.

Long., 1.8 mm. ; lat, .9 mm., at widest part of abdomen.

Paratype, same locality and date as type.

Additional paratypes, four specimens of the forms.

This velvety black species was secured in numbers by J.
Chester Bradley and so far is known only thence.

In conclusion, it should be noted that not much stress is laid
on color characters, except those of the hemelytra, which are a
fairly reliable guide in ordinary specimens, but as dark ones
are frequently found, this character should not be considered
final. The two apparently stable characters are the size and the
antennae. Even here, care should be taken, since the compara-
tive length and thickness of the antennal joints one to the other
may frequently vary. For this reason they are not expressed
herein in definite lengths, but the proportion between the joints
of the same antenna remains.

Prof. Herbert Osborn, of the Ohio State University, and Managing Editor
of the Annals of the Entomological Society of America, has issued his
new book, Agricultural Entomology, published by Lea & Febiger, Phila-
delphia and New York, price $2 net.

While designed for students, farmers, fruit growers and gardeners, the
book can well be added to the working library of any entomologist or col-
lector in any order. The illustrations, 253 in number, are especially
notable. — Ed.

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62 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol XI

NEW SPECIES OF THROSCIIXffi (COL.).

By Charles Schaeffer, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Four species of Drapetes are credited to our list to which two
more have to be added. A new species from Lower California,
which differs from the Mexican and Central American species
having no carina at the hind angles of prothorax by the position
of the red spots and by this and the non-carinate hind angles of
prothorax from the North American species. Of the Mexican
D. niger I have taken a few specimens at Brownsville, Texas.

Two new species belonging to other genera are also added.
One of them, a fairly common species of Throscus in the east,
was labeled " n. sp." by the late Frederic Blanchard.

Table of the Species of Drapetes Redt.

i. Carina of hind angles of prothorax long, extending to about two thirds

to apex 4

Carina of hind angles short or absent 2

2. Hind angles of prothorax without carina; color black, humeri with a

small, red spot ecarinatus n. sp.

Hind angles of prothorax carinate, carina not extending to the middle. .3

3. Prothorax red, elytra black without spots rubricollis Lee.

Prothorax black* elytra black, with two large sub-basal and two smaller

subapical red spots quadripustulatus Bonv.

4. Elytra with two large, oblique, red sub-basal spots, which often unite

at suture geminatus Say

Elytra without red spots 5

5. Elytra without fascia of white hairs below middle nitidus Melsh.

Elytra with fascia of fine white hairs below middle niger Bonv.

Drapetes ecarinatus new species : Black, elytral humeri with a red spot.
Head sparsely punctate. Prothorax at base slightly wider than long;
sides feebly arcuately narrowing to apex ; hind angles without carina ; sur-
face moderately coarsely and densely punctate; punctures finer towards
apex; below coarsely and rather densely punctate at sides. Elytra grad-
ually narrowed from base to apex; disk irregularly punctate, punctures
finer than those on prothorax. Metasternum sparsely punctate, punctua-
tion a little denser and coarser at sides. Abdomen rather sparsely punc-
tate and pubescent. Length 4.6 mm.

El Taste, Lower California (G. Beyer).

Drapetes niger Bonv.: This Mexican species, which occurs at Browns-
ville, Texas, is a little narrower than our eastern species, the color is black,

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June, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 63

with the first joint of antennae pale. Prothorax rather coarsely punctate
and the elytra with a fascia of white hairs below middle. Length 3.5 mm.

Aulonothroscus rugosiceps new species : Piceous, moderately shining, sur-
face moderately densely pubescent. Head coarsely and densely punctate,
more or less distinctly carinate laterally near each eye and also with a
short, irregular carina at middle; eyes entire. Prothorax about twice as
wide as long; sides arcuately narrowing from base to apex; hind angles
with a relatively long carina ; surface moderately coarsely but not densely
punctate, intervals between the punctures minutely punctulate. Elytra
slightly narrowing posteriorly; striae very feebly impressed, almost oblit-
erated on the disk; intervals irregularly punctate with very minute punc-
tures intermixed. Prosternum very sparsely punctate; lateral striae deep,
parallel and entire. Metasternum and abdomen rather coarsely punctate.
Length 4 mm.

Brownsville, Texas (O. Dietz).

The entire eyes and the long, entire prosternal striae relate this
species to A. constrictor, from which it differs in the distinctly
carinate hind angles of prothorax, the carinate head and the
absence of the basal impression, which is very pronounced in A.
constrictor.

The head is unusually coarsely punctate with the punctures
here and there confluent.

Throscus carinicollis new species : Brown, feebly shining, surface densely
but not coarsely pubescent. Head sparsely punctate in front with a rather
distinct carina near each eye; eyes nearly divided. Prothorax wider than
long, sicfes feebly arcuate and rather strongly narrowing from the basal
to the anterior angles; basal angles rather strongly carinate; disk moder-
ately coarsely punctate, on each side of middle near base a more or less
distinct impression. Elytra scarcely narrower than the thorax, slightly
narrower posteriorly; surface punctate striate; intervals biseriately punc-
tate with larger punctures, intermixed with very minute punctures. Pro-
sternum sparsely punctate near apex, punctures absent or obliterated in
about basal half ; striae deep, entire and nearly parallel. Metasternum and
abdomen moderately coarsely punctate. Length 3 mm.

Elk Co., Pennsylvania.

This species is very close to chevrolati from which it differs in
having a very distinct carina at the hind angles of prothorax, less
coarse pubescence and punctuation and a more distinct ante-
scutellar impression at base of prothorax.

I have also specimens from New Jersey.

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64 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol XI

(EDALEOTHRIPS HOOKERI, A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES
OF THYSANOPTERA.

By J. Douglas Hood, U. S. Biological Survey.

CEdaleothrips gen. nov.
(ottcTXlot, turgid; fy>*^, a wood worm).

Head about one and one half times as long as wide, much narrowed at
base and broadest across eyes, about twice as long as pronotum and about
equal in width to pterothorax; vertex rugose; postocular bristles short,
sublateral, equal in length to a forwardly-directed pair near base of an-
tennae. Antennae eight-segmented, segments 4-6, with ventral prolonga-
tions at apex; segment 3 longest. Eyes rather small, flattened, protrud-
ing, produced posteriorly on ventral surface of head, widely separated.
Mouth cone short, semicircularly rounded at apex, about attaining middle
of prosternum. Prothorax unusually narrow and about two thirds as
long as wide; usual bristles all present but reduced in size. Pterothorax
greatly reduced, about as long as broad and about equal in width to head.
Fore tarsi armed with a short, stout tooth. Wings wanting in the geno-
type. Abdomen broad and heavy, with dorsal white blotches; tube about
half as long as head.

Genotype : CEdaleothrips hookeri sp. nov.

Closely related to Cryptothrips Uzel (type C. lata Uzel, by
present designation), and no doubt derived from that section of
the genus which includes dentipes Reuter, bicolor Heeger, and
gilzripes Hood. The swollen head (which has suggested the
generic name), the reduced pterothorax, and the enlarged abdo-
men give the insect a truly ant-like appearance, and serve to dis-
tinguish it readily from described forms.

CEdaleothrips hookeri sp. nov. (PI. 2, Figs. 1-3.) Female (apterous).
— Length about 2.6 mm. Head and thorax dark blackish brown ; abdomen
coal black, with first segment pale yellow and tube lemon yellow, tipped
with black, dorsum with three pairs of chalky- white dorso-lateral blotches,
on segments 2, 5, and 6, respectively, the blotches on 1 linear, the others
rounded, the pair on 5 largest; antennal segments 1 and 2 pale yellowish,
3 orange-brown in basal half, becoming blackish brown at apex, remainder
of antenna black.

Head about 1.5 times as long as' wide, elevated and swollen behind eyes,
narrowed posteriorly, and at base with neck-like constriction; dorsal sur-
face rugose in the vertical region, reticulate posteriorly; vertex nearly
flat; postocular bristles small, almost lateral, capitate, similar to a for-
wardly-directed pair near base of antennae. Eyes flattened, protruding,

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June, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 65

produced posteriorly on ventral surface of head, widely separated, about
half as wide as their dorsal interval. Ocelli wanting. Antennae about 1.4
times as long as head, formed almost exactly as in Cryptothrips gilvipes
Hood ;* sense cones short.

Prothorax about half as long as head and (inclusive of coxae) about
1.6 times as wide as long, declivous posteriorly; usual bristles all present,
similar to postoculars. Pterothorax greatly reduced, about as long as
broad and about equal in width to head ; mesonotum nearly smooth, meta-
notum with heavy concentric anastomozing striae. Legs about concolorous
with head and thorax. Fore tarsus with a short, stout, triangular tooth.

Abdomen stout, heavy, about twice as wide as pterothorax ; tube yellow,
"less than half as long as head, distinctly constricted at apex, which is
black ; all abdominal bristles colorless, mostly knobbed.

Measurements of holotype (approximate only) : Length 2.58 mm. ; head,
length 0.49 mm., width 0.32 mm.; prothorax, length 0.25 mm., width (in-
clusive of coxae) 0.43 mm. ; pterothorax, width 0.30 mm. ; abdomen, width
0.56 mm. ; tube, length 0.22 mm., width at base 0.093 mm., at apex 0.052 mm.

Antennal segments 123

Length (m) 75 81 150

Width (fi) 54 39 43

Total length of antenna, 0.71 mm.

Described from one female taken on Bermuda grass at Dallas,
Texas, July 21, 1908, by Dr. W. A. Hooker. The species is
named in his honor in recognition of his interest and economic
work in this order of insects.

This is one of the most aberrant American thrips, possessing
unique characters of structure and coloration. In some ways it
suggests Compsothrips albosignatus Reuter, which occurs in the
Mediterranean province of the Palearctic region.

108

Explanation of Plate (&)
Fig. 1. (Edaleothrips hookeri gen. et sp. nov., right fore tarsus, lower
surface.
Fig. 2. (Edaleothrips hookeri, tube, dorsal surface.
Fig. 3. (Edaleothrips hookeri, right antenna, inner dorso-lateral surface.

* Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash, Vol. XXVII, 1914, PL V, Fig. 4.

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66 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol XI

A COMPARISON OF THE PUPAE OF PROMACHUS
VERTEBRATUS AND P. FITCHII (DIPTERA).

By J. R. Malloch, Urbana, 111.

In a recently published paper I presented, along with descrip-
tions of a number of pupae of Asilidae, a synoptic key that I
thought might prove useful to other students in separating cer-
tain pupae of this family. As it was based upon a very small
number of species I considered it highly probable that species #
belonging to genera unrepresented in my material would run out
of the key either because of their lack of characters found in
species in the caption to which they seemed to run or because of
their disagreement with the descriptions of the species in the
text to which they seemed to be allocated by the use of the key.
It is therefore highly gratifying to discover that in cases where
I have been able to obtain species belonging to the genera dealt
with in my previous paper* they invariably are readily assigned
to their proper genera by the test of the characters used in
the key.

I used as the character for the separation of Promachus from
other genera the structure of the thoracic spiracles, which in this
genus are mere rugose callosities or slight irregular elevations,
whereas in the other genera known to me there are invariably
distinct, reniform, elevated areas such as are present on the
spiracles of the abdomen. I had a large series of specimens of
vertebratus and considered the structure of the thoracic spiracles
constant. I have now obtained from Dr. E. P. Felt examples
of pupae of fitchii which agree with those of vertebratus in having
no reniform elevation. I present herewith a summary of the
characters that distinguish the pupae of the two species before me.

It is necessary to indicate that there is a difference in the
pupae of the sexes in both species as to the form of the apical
abdominal segments, which fact is not mentioned in my previous
paper. The eighth ventral segment in the female is unarmed
in both species, as will be seen by referring to Fig. 2, Plate
LXXXII, of my paper, while in the male of both it is armed with
spines. The apical segment in the female is noticeably shorter

* Bull. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist, Vol. XI, Art. 4, 1915,

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June, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 67

than in the male, especially in fitchii, which species has a very
large hypopygium, the males have 'also 2 small, round, raised
areas transversely situated near the middle of last segment.

In both species of Promachus I find, in addition to the spiracles,
2 very distictly elevated rugose areas on the anterior margin of
the mesothorax, one on each side of the dorso-median line. In
other Asilidae which I have examined the corresponding areas are
not appreciably distinguished either by elevation or rugosity.

The following diagnosis will serve to separate fitchii and verte-
bratus, and should be used at caption 9 in my key to the species
in the paper already mentioned.

Lateral cephalic process consisting of 3 simple thorns, the upper one
strongest; the last 5-8 thorns on lateral extremities of transverse
armature of abdominal segments 2-7 stout, flattened, and rather
wedge-shaped, their bases fused so that the whole appears as a flap-
like process with a deeply serrate posterior margin; eighth ventral
abdominal segment of male with 2 thorns ; average length 25 mm.

vertebratus.

Lateral cephalic process consisting of 3 thorns, the upper one bifid or
sometimes duplicated, so that the process appears quadrispinose, the
middle thorn generally strongest; the last 5-6 thorns on lateral ex-
tremities of transverse armature of abdominal segments 2-7 very
slender, their bases distinctly swollen but not fused; eighth ventral
abdominal segment of male with 4 thorns ; average length 21 mm.

fitchii.

In addition to the above, fitchii differs from vertebratus as
follows: the upper cephalic thorns are shorter and stouter and
the distance between them is greater, at apices exceeding the
length of a thorn, whereas in vertebratus it is distinctly less than
the same ; the wart-like protuberance on wing in longitudinal line
with the abdominal spiracles is small, rugose, and without an
outstanding sharp ridge, while in vertebratus it is rather large
and has a sharp ridge which is directed slightly upward; the
abdominal armature is weaker, especially on lateral areas, where
it is not, as in vertebratus, noticeably stronger than the armature
of the post-spiracular area; the transverse armature of the
seventh dorsal segment consists of long thorns only, the small
ones that occur between these in vertebratus being absent; the
apical armature consists of an upwardly directed thorn, much
shorter and broader than that in vertebratus, and a very small
one at its base.

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68 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society Vol XI

In other respects the species agree closely. The male of fitchii
which is before me differs *f rom that of vertebratus, and also
from the female of fitchii, in that the wings fall slightly short of
the apices of the fore tarsi instead of extending a little beyond
them ; this may be a variable character and I do not make use of
it owing to lack of material for comparison.

I have seen the pupa of another species of Promachus, to
which I have been unable to assign a species name. It agrees
with vertebratus in the structure of the lateral cephalic process in
having the upper thorn simple, but the upper cephalic thorns are
similar to those of fitchii, and the lateral process has the thorns
shorter than in vertebratus. As in the other two species there
are only 3 postspiracular thorns on the first abdominal segment ;
the transverse dorsal armature is very similar to that of fitchii in
as far as the lateral areas are concerned, but there are no short
thorns between the long ones on the seventh dorsal segment, and
the apical segment has the upper pair of thorns much swollen at
base and ending in rather long sharp points, while the 2 small
thorns are stronger and the ventral posterior margin has also 2
small thorns. The length of this species is 14 mm.

Vertebratus and fitchii are predaceous on white-grubs, Phyl-
lophaga {—Lachnosterna) spp., the larval habits of the uni-
dentified species are unknown to me.

I take this opportunity of intimating that the pupa which I
described under the name Promachus milberti in the paper previ-
ously referred to, is correctly identified. I had some doubt about
the identity when I wrote the paper as the exuvia were not con-
nected with reared imagines; but since the paper appeared I
have had the opportunity of examining a reared specimen which
confirms my tentative identification.

OPEROPHTERA (RACHELA) BRUCEATA HULST.

By Richard F. Pearsall, Allaben, N. Y.

In Entomologica Americana, Vol. VI, pp. 123-24, Dr. Geo.
D. Hulst describes this species. He says: "The female of this
species (I have several before me) is almost entirely wingless.

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June, 1916 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 69

It has just the merest rudiments of wings — and from its color and
size, I have no doubt it has, if taken, been looked upon as the
$ of one of the species of Anisopteryx {=Poleacrita y Alsophila).
It is of a grayish black color. Antennae and legs annulated with
white. Thorax and abdomen marked above more or less with
blackish."

This description is at variance with two specimens which I
secured in the Catskill Mts. in early winter, November 26 and
27, 191 5. There had been a fall of snow eighteen inches deep
some days before, but it had melted rapidly and these examples
were taken walking up the trunks of maples, one in the early
morning, the other at dusk. The males had been rather plentiful
some ten days previous.

Dr. Hulst was prone to mix his species, and his description
above quoted applies apparently to an example of the so-called
Anisopteryx among the several before him, and for this reason I
append the following:

$. Length 23-25 mm. Form slender. Palpi slender, porrect.
Tongue rudimentary. Antennae long and fine. Frons broad,
slightly bulging. Eyes large. Legs rather long. Hind femora
a little heavier and twisted, with all spurs. Vestiture smooth.
Color a faded seal brown inclining to yellowish, with a sprinkling
of ashen white scales. Antennae brown above, white beneath.
Front and thorax above brown; beneath more heavily ashen.
Tip of abdomen white. Abdomen above with ashen scales,
mixed rather freely with brown, leaving a dorsal patch of clear
brown on the first segment of the abdomen, with decreasingly
smaller ones on the next three or four segments following. Legs
and tarsi brown, with their inner surfaces ashen. Wing pads
very small, brown tipped with ashen.

It will be observed that the legs and antennae are not annulate
with white and the colors differ from the original description.

The specimens above described are in the collection of the
American Museum of Natural History in New York. If my
notes are correct, the original type specimens are not in existence.

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7QJune, /p/6 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society

TWO NEW LUCANIDS FROM NORTH AMERICA.

By John W. Angell, N. Y. City.

Lucanus elaphus var. nov. carlengi: Similar in color and sur-
face texture to typical form but differs in the following char-
acters : Head flatter and narrower, width between the eyes about
equal to thorax, frontal ridge straight or very slightly arcuate,
occipital crest much less developed, mandibles less arcuate and
but slightly bent downward, terminal teeth very unequal, the
inner being reduced to a small spine, middle tooth much less
developed, length 38-43 mm. Louisville, Ky., and northern
Illinois. Described from two males received from Mr. Chas.
Schaeffer. This interesting variety, which I have named in
honor of my friend, Charles W. Leng, can be distinguished at
once by its flattened form when viewed from the side, the
mandibles, body, thorax and elytra forming practically one plane.

Dorcus parallelus var. nov. carnochani: Differs from the typ-
ical form in the following characters: Elytra much smoother,
showing only faint striae ; body much flatter and broader ; width
of head (also thorax) much greater than width of elytra; eyes
less prominent; anterior tarsi more slender; mandibles much
more arcuate and blunter, the two teeth being almost equal.

This variety, which I have named in honor of my friend, Mr.
F. G. Carnochan, is readily distinguishable by its broader body
and smoother sculpture and would appear to be related to the
form known as D. brevis Say.

Described from two males and one female, taken at New City,
N. Y., by F. G. Carnochan and in my collection. Length (eft?)
22-21 mm. ; ? 20 mm.

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OFFICERS, 1916

President
WILLIAM T. DAVIS
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Bulletin of the
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Bulletin Brooklyn Entomological Society. Vol. XI.

Plate 1.

The Hand of the Princess — Dow

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Bulletin Brooklyn Entomological Society. Vol. XI.

Plate 2.

A New Thysanoptera — Hood

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3 2044 103 126 041

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