Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society

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Hrooklon Entomological
SOCIETY.

VOLUME V.

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MAY 1882. J §6APRIG) 1882:

Hill

OR ELE

Hrooklyn Entomological Society.

VOL. V. BROOKLYN, MAY, 1882. | No. 1.

INTRODUCTORY.

With this number, we commence a new volume, and we hope a
prosperous year for our Buttetrrmn. We trust in the future as we have
tried in the past to make it a compendium of useful Entomological knowl-
edge.

For the coming year we promise for the Lepidopterists a completion
of the ‘‘Synopsis of the Genera of the Noctuidz,” the continuation, in
perhaps a somewhat different form of the synopses of Butterflies, and gen-
eral articles of interest about the life history, so of the larvae and imagines
of Lepidoptera—for the Coleopterists we shall complete our synopsis of
the Carabid genera, besides this we shall have as usual, descriptions of lar-
vee with an occasional plate, and articles of general interest on the habits
etc. of beetles. If there should be space remaining after this, or if our
subscription list should warrant us in enlarging our BuLLETIN we shall
also give synopses of the species of some of the Noctuid genera and further
synopses of Coleoptera. In any case we shall make our BuLietin the
most useful and practical work for the collector and student of Entomo-
logy that our space admits of.

Believing that our collectors would rather know the species already
described than to read descriptions of new species and varieties, often of
doubtful validity and based on imperfect or rubbed single specimens, our
Butyetin will aim in the former direction entirely and new descriptions
will be few.

We hope that our subscribers will favor us with prompt remittances
for the amount of their subscriptions for Volume V, to be sent to the
Brooxiyn Enromoxoeicar Society P.O. Box go, Station W. Brooklyn,

N.Y., whence also all communications for the editors should be addressed.

The Publication Committee of the
BULLETIN OF THE BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. [May 1882.

Description of the larva of Silpha americana. Zi.
By F. G. ScHaupp.

Form oval, very broad, broadest at middle.

Color, deep black above, dark gray beneath.

Length 20 mm.

Head small, rounded, broader than long, slightly scabrous anteriorly.
yes four on each side, ‘
Antenne four-jointed, first broad but very short, the three others of
equal length, much longer than the first, the third dilated at the outer side

near the tip, fourth slender, tapering to a point.

Mandibles short, very strong, obtuse, two blunt teeth at the inner side.
Maxille thick, short, first joint small, 2nd joint large, broader at

base supporting the lobe, first joint long and thick, shghtly contracted near
the middle, and with a row of stout bristles at the inner side near tip, and
the second joint very short, flattened and hairy at tip, Jooking like a cap
surmounting the first joint; the maxillar palpus three-jointed, the joints

being nearly of equal length, the first constructed at the middle, the 2nd
slightly clavate at tip, 3rd tapering to a point. ; UM
Aentim heart shaped, ‘ligula of nearly same form, labial Pie widely

separated, with two joints of equal length, the second more slender.

Prothorax, mach broader than head, twice as broad as long, broad-

er at apex.

Meso-and Mtebponrnce shorter and wider than prothorax. c
Abdominal segments nine, of equal length, becoming narrower towards ~

the tip, each with an impressed puncture at each side, a ney short anal °
fork; posterior angles distinct. ia

Legs, rather short, stout, covae thick and elabrous, imigkel elongate,
pilose, tibize short and cylindrical, studded with strong spines, tarsi with

one claw.

As I remarked (Bull. IL, 30.) the raising of Necrophori and ‘Silph-

idze would be a very easy thing, soit was. I have‘tried it with but two

species: Necrophorus tomentosus and Silpha americana, and I was suc-

cessful enough.

The larvee of the different species of Silpha resemble each other very

closely; they are stout, broad and entirely black. ‘They run and grow

after a moult they are snow white, but soon become black.

23, developed July 4.

very quickly and are hearty eaters; they moult about every fifth day, just

One larva obtained May 20, was ou ales: June 20, pupated June

oil a

Sey

Smith, Synopsis ot Noctuids. 3.--

: vestiture consisting of flattened hair; thorax and ab-
domen untufted, the latter exceeding secondaries. Exyra.
vestiture hairy; tongue strong: thorax quadrate, with
anterior crest and posterior tuft;.abdomen untufted: primaries large.

*Gortyna.
——- rounded, swollen: palpi porrect, exceeding head by one-half
its length: wings angulated. *Butoreuma.

B. Chipeus without projection.
a. Palpi not exceeding front.
§ VESTITURE HAIRY.

+ Tongue weak, membraneous.

Vestiture Jong, thin, divergent: head retracted: thorax untufted.
Euthisanotia,.

— short and thick: thorax tufted behind collar: abdomen
smooth; closely scaled; exceeding secondaries; wings large, apices of
primaries acuminate. Choephora.

+7 Tongue strong; corneus.

Body stout; abdomen slender; vestiture long and loose: head much

retracted; primaries short, narrow, sub-equal. Tapinostola.

Entirely robust; hair flattened: thorax with a small anterior and

divided posterior tuft: head more free: primaries elongate, broad-

ening outwardly. Macronoctua.
§§ VESTITURE HAIRY, WITH FLATTENED SCALES INTERMIXED.

Clypeus globose; palpi heavily fringed beneath; primaries short,

broad, triangular: body slight. . Annaphila.
Head retracted: body stout, depressed; vestiture flattened: primaries
elongate, narrow, only slightly widening outwardly. Caradrina.*
Head larger; thorax convex, tufted: abdomen with prominent dorsal
tufts: primaries broader. Raphia.”°

b. Palpi exceeding the head by twice its length or more.
§ OCELLI WANTING.

Palpi divaricate: primaries short, broad, triangular; apex acute. *Hexeris.~°
—— ———. oblicue; wings large, frail, geometriform. *Phalenostola.”
§§ OCELLI PRESENT.

+ Primaries divided nearly to the middle.

Palpi divaricate, sickle shaped. . Tortricodes.
+? Primaries angulated. —

Palpi recurved, with a long brush of hair at tip, reaching backward

to base of thorax: wings narrow. Palthis.

4

: 3rd joint less than halfas long as 2nd; slender, flat-
tened; terminating in an acute spine: znd joint with elongate ver-
tical scales beneath, near tip. Phalenophana.
- much flattened, terminated by, a brush of hair; tongue
moderate: body robust, thorax subquadrate; abdomen conic: outer

margin of primaries dentate. *Teratecera, 163
== ; 3rd joint more than half as long as second; obtusely
terminated: all smoothly scaled. : Panprayha.

horizontal, flattened,-Mypena like; 3rd joint vertical. *Dercatis.

+t} Primaries not angulated.
* Palpi horizontal, second joint disproportonately long, flattened, clothed
with elongate vertical scales.
— terminal joint short, obtuse; primaries elongate, narrow,
outer margin sub-sinuate: secondaries very large and broad: vesti-
ture scaly, abdomen with small tufts at base. Hypena.
Vestiture consisting of flattened hairs: palpi shorter; form more ro-
bust; primaries broader, outer margin oblique. hind angle with a
slight tooth. Plathypena.”’
Wings large, proportionate: primaries with costal margin convex: ¢{
usually with a long brush of hair on anterior tibia, and sometimes
with antenne thickened near middle. Herminia.*
Primaries rather broader, more triangular; costal margin concave:
terminal joint of palpi very short ¢\ antennz with a node and a tuft
of a hair at middle. Renia.*
Form slight, terminal joint of palpi long, needle shaped: primaries
narrow, apices sub-rectangular: secondaries broad: f\ antennze with
long slender pectinations. Thaumatopsis,
Antennze (?.) scaled above, with long setose pectinations outward-
ly; inside the processes are shorter, interrupted 4 from base by a stout
claw-like process; wings ample, abdomen exceeding secondaries.
*Pallachira.”
of antennze plumose; branches setose; wings wide and short.
*Pseudorgyia.”
** Palpi porrect, oblique or curved, with more or less divergent hairy or
scaly clothing.

— Hypena like oblique; terminal joint short; wings proportion-

ate, primaries with apex acute, produced; outer margin oblique.
Lomanaltes.

——— terminal joint 2s as long as second, both flattened, and

equally broad, truncate at tip; robust; outer margin of primaries less

oblique. Hypenula,

i
on
‘

——— divaricate, flattened; terminal joint suddenly acute at tip.
Antiblemma.
— sickle shaped, flattened, with sparse vertical hair; terminal
joint long, acute; anterior tibia of (j\ usually with a long brush of
‘hair, and (¥‘ antennz sometimes with a node near the middle: pri-
‘maries ample, breadening outwardly; outer margin somewhat ob-

lique. Zancloonatha.”
‘Form more frail: wings breader: brush on anterior tibia of ¥ incom-
plete. *Pityolita.”
‘Wings shorter and broader: terminal joint of palpi short, truncate at
tip: J antennz with a nede } from base. Megachyta.
Primaries long, narrow; costal margin concave, apex produced: head
prominent. Bleptina.

large, with the outer margin somewhat produced at middle:
anterior tibia of Q/ with a brush of short hair: legs stout, clothed
with long silky hair: abdomen exceeding secondaries. Spargaloma.
Palpi oblique; second joint flattened; terminal nearly as long as sec-
ond, closely scaled; antenne j\ & Q pectinate; primaries with a
prominent acute tooth at middle of inner margin and another at hind
angle. Plusiodonta.
arquate: 2nd joint flattened, 3rd filiform: tongue moderate:
legs moderate: with a brush of hair on anterior, and decided
bend inwardly below the knee, on posterior tibiae: *Coptocnemia.
xy Palpi closely scaled.
‘Terminal joint as long as 2nd, slender: wings large: primaries trian-
gular, outer margin rounded. , Pseudoglossa,
3 as long as 2nd: j/ antenne strongly bi-pectinate; at ~
basai third with a slight tuft of scales inside: primaries narrow; cram-

biform. *Sisyrhypena.
Palpi divaricate; pointed: antennze simple: primaries wide, outward-
ly full: body parts proportionately small. “Tripudia.

sickle shaped; terminal joint 14 as long as 2nd: head large;
clypeus prominent: ,j\ antennz bent at basal third: legs stout; pos-
terior tibia with disproportionately long middle spurs. *Cleptomita,”
C. Palpi exceeding the head by its own length.

* Palpi horizontal.

flattened, tsrminal joint short: broadest at middle, thence ta-
pering obliquely to tip; with the pointed frontal tuft forming an ap-
parent snout; wings large, with unusually long fringes; vestiture
hairy. ; Scolecocampa,

2 Fee

as before; form slight; size small; vestiture scaly; wings short
and broad; primaries without accessory cell. Rivula.
head very small, sunken: thorax disproportionately
heavy; abdomen slight, filiform, exceeding secondaries: primaries

produced at inner margin near base. Hyblza.”
more equal; terminal joint long and stout: front with a point-
ted tuft: antennz lengthily ciliate: secondaries rounded. *Bubolina.”

——— ——_-; terminal joint $ as long as 2nd: drooping: primaries

broad, widening outwardly: anterior tibia of Q with a brush of hair

at outer side. Anticarsia.
terminal joint short, flattened; truncate at tip: (j\ antennez

plumose: wings short and narrow; abdomen exceeding secondaries

by % its length. Ingura.

Form slight; head prominent: primaries clongate, narrow, widen-

ing onic: apex acute: secondaries large; exceeded by abdomen:

vestiture hairy. Platysenta.

** Palpi oblique.
stout; 2nd joint clavate at tip; 3rd moderate: legs strong,
rather short; tibize with Icng silky hair: primaries triangular, rather

’

short and broad. Pseudolimacodes.
somewhat flattened; terminal joint short: primaries narrower,
with costal and hind margin nearly equal. Philometra.”*

——— ———; 2nd joint ensiform: head small with an upright poin-

ted frontal tuft: primaries falcate at tip; secondaries produced at

middle. | - *Igogona.
: 2nd joint broad at tip; terminal short: primaries .

narrow, elongate, sub-equal; apex rectangular. Eucalyptera.
— ——: 2nd joint more equal; terminal longer: primaries

short and broad; apex rather acute. Prothymia.
——:; ——— —— equal; terminal moderate, horizontal:

primaries long, lanceolate: <j‘ antennze strongly bipectinate. Doryodes.
——— —— terminal] joint about equal to 2nd: front with a point-
ed tuft: thorax and abdomen tufted: primaries long, apex rectangu-
lar; outer margin straight to middle, thence deeply excavate to hind

angle: secondaries unusually small. Eurrhipia.”
Palpi as before: head large: primiaries short, broad triangular; Sec-
ondaries comparatively small. Gyros.

with terminal joint closely scaled, short and acute; front with
a po:nted tuft; primaries rather narrow, with sub acute apices; Sec-
ondaries large rounded. *Madopa.”

May 1882. ] SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. ae!

BADISTER, Clairv,

Leconte, Short Studies on N. A. Coleoptera, Trans. Am, Ent. Soc.

VIII, 165, classifies the species as follows:

Elytral strize deep, interspaces narrow, convex; antennze and legs rufo-testaceous, elytra
AUTO -|NCSOWE,, Clkoueleel Ioelntinel 2 Se oasonoeo os sche onsdadaucocoencour 1 notatus.

Elytral strize fine, interspaces flat. a

Elytra spotted.
Prothorax, legs, and elytra bright yellow, the latter with broad medial band inter-

rupted at the suture, and an apical blotch iridescent black; basal impressions

of thorax shallow, but broad,............. Leesa nisr ed, pulchellus.
Prothorax, legs and elytra bright yellow, the fates, an the black markings con-
_ fluent longitudinally from the fourth to the eighth stria, basal impressions of
Pthouaxeshalloweandssnallleen o- ©. . Jae e ale Seen srne 3 bipustulatus.
Prothorax black, legs and elytra orange, the latter behind the middle mostly black.
Side margin of prothorax a little wider and more reflexed towards the base; broad
elytral medial band and an apical spot confluent longitudinally from the 4th

CORUeROthM Stmicit. 2d cuter neat ds, 4../ Mpuenen bea al BY. 5/5 eee ee 4 maculatus.
Side margin of prothorax not wider near base; elytral spots confluent from the 4th
Ptomihesothystiiaia.. oh sacae icles i + ARS es pA Risbalrclosts alts 5 elegans.

Elytra not spotted.

Prothorax and legs teStaceous, elytra piceous; suture, side margin, epipleurze and
base testaceous; hind angles of prothorax broadly rounded, side margin fine,
Scarcelyabigadermear basen. 4.7 car. nie semMere Hey shaleniciale s/s sla) s!slols a> 6 obtusus.

Piceous, head as wide as prothorax; hind angles of prothorax obtuse, slightly round-
ed; base obliquely truncate each side, side margin slightly wider and more re-

skox@il: nee e DEIN Saien cele autores ors Gene ~ clogs eee Ooe cic 7 ferrugineus.
Entirely black, head narrower than prothorax, which is formed as in ferrugineus,

Inui hess Manaionwedl Iolo, G5 5ehsdoue os bess eh boa oes 8 anthracinus.

Black, or nearly so, legs yellow.

Hind angles of prothorax very much rounded..........-...-+-+: 9 flavipes.

Hind angles of prothorax obtuse, feebly rounded; side margin narrow, not more

reflexed towards the base, margin piceous................-. 10 micans.

Hind angles of prothorax obtuse, not rounded; side margin wider and more re-

» ileal miezir ASS, TenaveaIN PONOSOUIS B56 .0csaccedacauboceese 11 reflexus.

z. B. notatus, Hald. Proc. Ac. Phil. I, 299. terminalis Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. II, p. 51.
N.Y. Ills, La.—4.5 mm.

- pulchellus, Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, p. ae Ga. N.Y. Ind.—5.5-6.5 mm.

. bipustulatus, Fab, Syst. El. 1, 203, Europe. Vancouver Island.—6 mm.

. maculatus, Lec. Trans. Am. Phil. X, 387. Pa.—6 mm.

. elegans, Lec, Trans. Am, Ent. Soc. VIII, 165. Tex.—5.5 mm.

. obtusus, Lec. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. XVII, 594. Lake Superior. 5.8 mm.

. ferrugineus, De}. Spec. V, 690, submarinus (small var.) Motsch. Bull. Mosc. 1859.
TH, 158. Calowllas:—4.5—5 mm.

8. anthracinus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 83. Or. Cal.—6 mm.

9. flavipes, Lec. Trans. Am, Phil. X, 388, N.Y. La. Fl.—6 mm.

Zo. micans, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. 11,52 Ann. Lyc. IV, 318, Fla. Mass. Ga.—5-6 mm.

Il. reflexus, Lec. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. VIII, 166. N. Y. Mich. La.—4 mm.

Badister testaceus, Hald Proc. Ac, Il, p. 52. is Stenolophus alternans, (teste Leconte,)

N AQ A GW b

8 SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. [May 1882.

SELENOPHORUS, “».

Synoptic table by Geo. H. Horn, M.D., Proc. Ac. Phil. Soc, XVIII,
p- 179.
Prosternum obtuse at tip, not margined.
Species with bronzed surface lustre.

Intervals of elytra smooth, not pubescent, eighth stria not distinct from margin.
Elytra at tip feebly sinuate, the outer interval punctulate.

Elytral punctures large, almost. fov.eglate: ars) eereee palliatus, Fab.
Blyixalfpunetunesiveny, sunalllia); 2): vpeeeeiaewe ieee nae pedicularius, De}.
Elytra at tip strongly sinuate, the outer angle subdentate.
Ontemimtervalmot punctulate>.- >. \Guanesseeaei eee . fatuus, Lec.
Intervals punctulate and pubescent, eighth stria more distinct from the margin than
Glrevsevientln ce yee Ae Ts STL, Cae roarnceaes breviusculus, Horn.

Species black above, more or less iridescent.
Thorax as wide or wider at base than apex. _
Oukterintervallapunctulatena. 2.2 5) .. See Sele eee opalinus, Lec.
@uter interval not punctulate................ iach attra eg oka gagatinus, De}.
Thorax distinctly narrowed at base.
Hind angles obtuse.

Merrennallimitcny allspice tlater).:): ) leery asinine iripennis, Say.
Hind angles rectangular and prominent.................. subtinctus, Lec.
»Prosternum horizontal, tip slightly prolonged and margined.
Thorax not broader at base than apex.
Form rather narrow, elytral punctures foveolate.............. fossulatus, De}.
Form broader, elytral punctures small................:......-..5 ovalis, Dej.
Thorax broader at base than apex, sides nearly regularly arcuate from base to apex.

ellipticus, Dej.

S. palliatus, Fab. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 58.==s¢7gmosus, Germ. Ins. Spec. noy. p. 25.
=impressus, De}. Spec. IV, p, 82.=/esus, Lec. Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 59. Fla.
S. €al.—7-8 mm.

pedicularius, De}. Spec, IV. p. 100.=trog/odytes, De}. ibid. p. 101.=ereus, Lec. Ann.
Lyc. IV, p. 293.—=p/anipennis, Lec. ibid. 0, 294. N.Y. Kans. Fla, Ariz. 5-6.5mm

fatuus, Lec. New Spec. 1863, 17.==excisus, Lec. Gulf St.—5-6 mm.

breviusculus, Horn. Proc. Ac. Phil. Soc. XVIII, 179, Ind. Ter.—6.5 mm.

subtinctus, Lec. Proc. Acad. 1866, p. 365. La. —6 mm.

iripennis, Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, II, p. 30.==varicolor, Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, p. 292.
Ills. Ga. Tex.—6.5 mm.

gagatinus, De}. Spec. 1V, p. 112.=maurus, Hald. Proc. Acad. I, p. 306.=wviridescens,
Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, p. 292. Mass. Tex,—7.5 mm.

opalinus, Lec. List. Col. N.A. p. 13,==¢vipennis, { Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, p. 289. N. Y.
Mich. Fla. S. Cal.—o9-10 mm.

Jossulatus, De}. ibid. p. 88. Ga, Fla.—6 mm.

ovalis, De}. Spec. IV, p. 106. Ga, Fla.—7 mm.

ellipticus, De}. ibid. p. 108.=granarius, De}. ibid. p. 109.==pulicarius, De}. ibid. p.
108, N.Y. Ga. Tex.—5-6 mm.

[June 1882. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 9

On the species of Pterostichi, Gow.
By F. G. ScHaupp.

One of the most mixed up groups of Carabidze is that of Pterostichi.
The greatest Coleopterists have worked at it, but while Latreille unites all
the species in one genus Feronia, to which Bonelli adds the genera of
Poecilus, Pterostichus, Platysma, and Abax, Megerle those of Argusor
and Sveropus, Ziegler that of Omaseus,—Chaudoir divided them into 42
genera! !

Leconte divided our species into six genera, namely Lvarthrus, Lo-
phoglossus, Holciphorus, Pterostichus, Loxandrus, and Piesmus, (Proc, Ac.
Phila. 1873, p. 302.) retaining however ten of the above generic names
for subdivision of the genus Pterostichus. Horn in his recent treatise on
the genera of Carabide (Trans. Am. Entom. Soc. IX, p. 139.) recognizes
but three genera, viz: Prerostichus, Lvarthrus and Loxandrus, reverting
Lophoglossus, Holciophorus, Piesmus and the second half of Evarthrus to
Prerostichus. \

In Gemminger and Harolds Catalogus our species have been placed
into seven genera viz: Poecilus, Argutor, Omaseus, Steropus, Pterostichus,
Abax and Platysma.

The genus Poecilug (first antennal joint compressed) embraces be-
sides species 617-627 in Crotch’s Check-list, also P¢. Californicus. The
genus Areutor (first antennal joint rounded; epimera of metathorax long-
er than broad; last joint of palpi oval, ) contains besides our species of
Loxandrus, 24 honestus, lachrymosus, purpuratus, lustrans, erythropus,
patruels, femoralis, Kirby, and desdiosus. The genus Qmaseus (last joint
of palpi cylindrical, truncate) embraces the Nos. in Crotch 628 to 631,
also our former Lophoglossus, P/ mufus and Lv. gravidus Hald.

To the genus Steropus (epimera of metathorax not longer than broad,
posterior angles of prothorax and humeri rounded) belong all our species
of Evarthrus, and also Ps. ¢umescens, obscurus, and ventralis, which in fact
seem on a general view very properly placed among the Evarthri.

Abax contains four species, namely: Pt fallax, sculptus, striatus,
and permundus. :

To Pterostichus (hind angles of prothorax and humeri more or less
prominent) belong Holciophorus avr, then Pt Menetrisit, castanipes,
Lsabelle, longicollis, Lec., sphodrinus, mancus, lutricus, coracinus, stygicus,
protensus, moestus, punctatissimus,

Platysma includes Piesmus, Ps planctus, herculaneus, validus, pro-
tractus, vicinus, angustus, amethystinus, castaneus, longicollis, Motsch., a-
doxus, vitreus, orinomum, Luczotti, oregonus and Nos. 645-657 (Crotch. )

10 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VY. [June 1882.

Pt, validus, protractus and adoxus stand in the Catalogus as Pla-
tysma while their synonyms algzdus; mornatus,; ryectus, sustentus and
subarcuatus are enumerated as Pterostichi; purpuratus and lustrans are
Argutor, and mu/us is Omaseus. :

The Synopsis of the species adapted by Redtenbacher (Fauna aus-
triaca 1872, pp. 43, 44, 45) to the European species reads as follows:
Elytra with one stria between the margin and eighth stria.

Epimera of metathorax distinctly longer than broad.

Last palpal joint cylindrical, truncate at tip.

ind/angles of prothorax roumded..32).222- 255-8 Lyperus.
Pundvangles of prothorax shaman ss ee a. ee ae Omaseus.
Last palpal joint oviform, slightly truncate............. Areutor.

Epimera of metathorax slightly longer than broad; hind angles of pro-
thorax prominent, elytra sinuate near tip, third interval with a row —

OUjSWOOVES!: Kl... RR es Oe eee Platysma.
Hind angles of prothorax, and usually humeri rounded Steropus.
Elytra with two strize between margin and eighth stria.......... Abax.

Now all these facts show that the generic characters used to divide
this group are for the greater part rather weak and variable and the cre-
ating of genera will always be arbitrary so long as there is no established
code or agreement about what characters have a generic value. But not
only the generic characters are variable, also those used to define the species
can not always have been very safe and sure, or else the very same species
could not have been redescribed by the same author under another name
as has been the case in several instances.

When Mr. Salle, the well known French naturalist was here, he de-
monstrated to me, that those who collect Coleoptera of the world were bet-
ter judges about classification than those who restrict themselves to their lo-
calfauna. I do not dispute this opinion, but I prefer for myselfa classifi-
cation of our home-made genera and species, by which e. g. Callida de-
cora, Fab., stands very close together with C. punctata, Lec., far more
than a cosmopolitan classification, by which these two species are widely
separated and attributed to different genera,

Therefore, as we have already published synoptic tables of Loxand-
rus, Evarthrus, Lophoglossus, and Holciophorus we shall publish in our
next numbers the synoptic table of Pterostichus, as published by Dr. Le-
conte in 1873. adding thespecies described since that time, the bibliogra-
phy, sizeand locality, which may be welcome to many of our Coleopterists.

Smith, Synopsis of Noctuide. -—11—

D. Paipi porrect reaching to or shghtly exceeding base of antenne.
I. VESTITURE HAIRY.
§ Thorax tufted.
Posterior tufts very large, truncate behind; abdomen with dorsal tufts.
| Ypsia.”°
§§ Thorax untufted.
Abdomen with large, loose, hairy tufts: anterior legs of ¢‘ with dense,
g,
inner sinuate, with a decided projection % from base. Ophideres.
with loose tufts at base only; primaries broad, outer margin
oblique, waved or dentate: secondaries rounded or slightly produced
at middle of outer margin. Erebus.”

long, wooly hair; primaries elongate, outer margin slightly waved,

with small scalv tufts on basal segments; cylindro-conic; ex-

ceeding secondaries; wings proportionately small, widening outward-

ly, apex acute. Aletia.
untufted, depressed, with a truncate tuft of hairat tip: wings

ample, 14 as broad as long, outer margin rounded. Amphipyra.”

, cylindric: primaries proportionatety broader, apex

acute: anterior tibia with a brush of long hair at inner side. TMrama.

—, slender: wings with outer margin scolloped: prima-

ries with apex obtuse, palpi flattened: thorax subquadrate. *Capnodes.
-——— with small scaly tufts: primaries angulated. Anomis.
2. VESTITURE SCALY.
§ ‘Tongue short; weak.
Palpi securiform, thorax short, globose, smooth: abdomen heavy;
primaries pointed at apex, with a strong tuft of erect scales at base.
*Lepidomis.
§§ ‘Tongue strong.
Wings with outer margins dentate; primaries elongate, triangular,
costal and inner margins equal; outer rounded: legs stout, rather

short; all tHe (¥‘ tibiae densely clothed with long hair. Homopyralis.
— —— primaries broader; apex acute; outer margin oblique;
inner % the length of costal: tibize as before. Selenis.
Outer margin of wings entire: body slender: wings large; eyes not
prominent; head not projecting. Hpizeuxis.
— ——: body robust: abdomen sub-cylindro-conic; primaries
comparatively small: head prominent, free; eyes globose. Syneda.”°

: palpi divaricate, loosely held, disproportionately heavy;

closely scaled; (j\ antennz with a slight tuft of scales inside, within

basal third: legs closely scaled: wings like Reza, *Metanolita.
Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc., June 1882, Vol. V.

may)

D. Palpi moderate; exceeding front, but not reaching base of antenne.
I. VESTITURE SCALY.

Primaries lanceolate: secondaries unusually narrow: robust; abdo-

men exceeding secondaries by % its length. Phyprosopus. ” ;
elongate, narrow, crambiform: secondaries disproportionate-
ly large. Crambodes.

Pyralidiform: primaries narrow; apex acute, outer margin slightly,

excavate beneath; ,j\ with a large pellucid impression in discal cell:

secondaries rounded, exceeded by the slenderabdomen. Pteraetholix.
§ Thorax and abdomen untufted.

Form robust; size small; primaries rather short, narrow; widened

outwardly; secondaries rounded: markings consisting of black marks

and dashes on a yellow or reddish: ground. Agrophila,*
slighter: primaries short, broad, with very convex costal mar-

ein: fringes short. Nolophana.
— slight: wings proportionately larger; primaries as before, but

fringes twice as long. Xanthoptera.
— robust: primaries elongate, widening outwardly: ornament-

ation, metalic black or brown, on a white ground. Tarache,”

——- moderate: primaries with depressed costal, obliquely round-

ed outer, and rather short inner margin: accessory cell wanting.
Thalpochares.

: head closely applied to thorax, which is rather short

and convex; abdomen cylindric, subequal; wings rather long; pro-

portionate; outer margin of primaries somewhat excavated near hind

angle. Microcoelia,
slight; thorax convex; abdomen depressed: primaries elong-
ate, equal; with confused lines and spots. *Monodes.

stout: palpi divergent: third joint short, buried in the vest-
iture of second; tongue moderate: thorax short: primaries with acute

apex and a tooth at hind angle: secondaries small. - *Hemiceras.
: thorax quadrate, convex: collar and shoulder tippets
elevated: abdomen filiform; primaries lanceolate. Stictoptera.

moderate: body slender; abdomen filiform conic; terminat-
ing in an acute point: wings with large fringes; primaries produced
at apex; secondaries small. *Panula.
§§ Abdomen tufted.
Thorax with upright scaly vestiture: abdomen with prominent tufts;
primaries long, strongly widening outwardly, apex acute; outer mar-
gin oblique: secondaries small, exceeded by abdomen. Marasmalus.

Lape

—— — posterior tuft: abdomen with two, more prominent up-
right tufts at middle: primaries narrow, subequal. Chamyris.
usually with a slight posterior tuft: abdomen with scaly tufts
on dorsum; primaries elongate, narrow, outer margin rounded.
; : Bryophila.”
Primaries triangular, widening outwardly; otherwise as before; legs
closely scaled. Brastria.”
— rather narrower: thorax apparently without tuftings; legs with
fine silky hair. Lithacodia.”
2. VESTITURE HAIRY, WITH FLATTENED SCALES INTERMIXED.
§ Thorax and abdomen untufted.
Wings large, primaries with the apex acute; outer margin slightly
excavate beneath; hind angle very broadly rounded. Aenomonia.”
§§ Thorax with basal tuft.
Palpi divergent: primaries widening outwardly; outer margin
oblique; <j with a large tuft of raised scales near the base. Galeula.
Basal tuft more distinct; scaly: palpi short: (j' antennz brush like;
body narrow, linear: wings elongate, costal margin depressed. *Acopa.
With a low, divided posterior tuft; abdomen with loose hair at base;
primaries narrow, elongate, somewhat retreating at hind angle.
Acronycta.”
§S§ Thorax and abdomen tufted.
Anterior thoracic tuft sub-obsolete, front and palpi closely scaled;
wings large, proportionate; Polyphaenis.
— — absent: two heavy oblique tufts posteriorly; abdo-
men short; with basal tuft unusually large and heavy; upright: wings
rather short, rounded. Euplexia,“*
Vestiture with hair flattened; collar slightly elevated: a distinct post-
erior thoracic; and moderate dorsal abdominal tufts: primaries e-
longate, narrow; outer margin rounded: secondaries semi-transpa-
rent; exceeded by abdomen. Prodenia. -
3. VESTITURE CONSISTING OF FLATTENED SCALE-LIKE HAIR.
§ Thorax and abdomen untufted.
+ Tongue long and corneous.
Legs closely scaled; with fine long silken hair: wings large, broad; pri-
maries with apex rectangular; rounded at middle of outer margin.
Toxocampa.

+f Tongue moderate, or weak and short.
Vestiture close: head rather large, eyes prominent: thcrax ovate: ab-
domen conic: wings short and broad; primaries triangular; orna-
mentation continuous on both wings: form robust. Matigramma.

ie

More slightly built; head with a pointed frontal tuft: thorax short,
convex; vestiture rather loose; wings long and broad; secondaries
without ornamentation. Phoberia.
Head without frontal tuft: wings narrower; primaries somewhat pro-

é

duced at middle of outer margin: abdomen exceeding secondaries.

| Homophoberia.

§$ Thorax and abdomen tufted. +

oO antenne thickened below the middle, with a bend beyond: tarsi
with long fluffy hair: second abdominal segment more prominently
tufted: primaries broad with oblique outer margin and somewhat
produced hind angles. Eriopus.””
Form slight; vestiture somewhat clivergent: tuftings small; front
closely scaled: wings elongate, moderate, primaries pale-green with
large, black, blotchy: markings. ~ Moma.*°

— ——; yestiture fine and glossy; thorax with posterior tuft
somewhat saddle-shaped, P/usa like; abdominal tufts very small;
scaly: wings broad and rather short; primaries triangular: orna-
mentation with a slight metallic lustre. TMelesilla.
— stouter: vestiture coarse; abdomen with tufts on fourth and
fifth segment more prominent; wings moderate; primaries sudden-
ly widening near base, and thus forming a shoulder on costa, Jaspidia,”’
——- robust: thorax rounded, heavy; abdomen long and _ stout,

exceeding secondaries by % its length: tuftings small; wings short

and narrow; outer margin of primaries rounded, Perigea.
Thorax with a low divided anterior and posterior tuft; abdomen tuft-
ed at sides and on dorsum; front with coarse hairy vestiture: wings
long; primaries with the outer margin near hind angle somewhat
excavated or retracted. Hadena.
Head more retracted; front with short wooly vestiture: thorax witha
' prominent divided tuft extending its whole length, and overhanging
“base of abdomen. Dipterygia,”
4. VESTITURE SIMPLY HAIRY.
§ Primaries with the outer margin strongly dentate.
Vestiture long and coarse; thorax and abdomen tufted: wings large;

outer margin of primaries oblique, Trigonophora.”
Primaries narrow; apex roundedly drawn out; outer margin very ob-
lique and somewhat excavated to the hind angle Brotolomia.

§§ Outer margin of primaries entire.

+ Thorax and abdomen untufted.
All the tibia of ¢ with long silky hair; anterior with a long brush
similar to. ermonia. Panapoda.”

June 1882. ] SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. 16

PTEROSTICHUS.

Division 1. Dorsal punctures wanting; marginal stria single.
Posterior tarsi stout, not grooved on the outer side; epistoma and labrum emarginate;

prosternum feebly margined behind............. ... HAMMATOMERUS, Chaud.
_ Joints of hind and middle tarsi et sOMnilated atsup yess eer 1, morionides, Chaud.
Joints of hind and middle tarsi oy Qincisitee,... sodebvoscesee 2. tarsalis, Lec.

Posterior tarsi slender, first joint with two grooves and an intervening ridge on the out-
er side; prosternum (except in P. planctus,) strongly margined behind; base of pro-
thorax margined towards the sides.

Sides of prothorax crenato-dentate.
Prothorax feebly narrowed behind, basal foveze large, bistriate, elytra
OPewyie, Claepllyy SUMAN, WS. os cacssbachs~ 3. crenicollis, Lec.
Sides of prothorax entire, not serrate: é
Prosternum scarcely margined behind:
Outer basal stria of prothorax distinct, humeri not dentiform.,
4. planctus, Lec.
Prosternum distinctly margined behind:
Prothorax feebly narrowed behind, and slightly sinuate on the sides, hind an-
gles rectangular:
Humeral angles dentiform.
Hind angles of prothorax distinctly carinate, outer basal stria long.
5. herculaneus, Mann.
Humeral angles not dentiform; sides of elytra more rounded near the base.
Base of prothorax not depressed near the angles, outer stria a feebly im-

PLESSECMOVCAM nua E REAA «Seer. a Pees benno sy elblsh ris, Ilse
base of prothorax flattened, more narrowed, outer stria short feeble, gen-
Cralponmenmorerelonvatess. - - Seeiiart- irene "i. protractus, Lec.

Base of prothorax less flattened; outer stria vague or wanting, side of pro-
thorax oblique, scarcely sinuate behind; sides of elytra more parallel
than in vafadus.

Scutellar stria distinct (as in the other species of the group):
8. vicinus, Mann.
Scutellar stria very short; form narrower.......... 9, longulus, Lec.
Prothorax scarcely narrowed behind, outer basal impression very short, humeri
not dentiform, body small, narrow, sides of elytra parallel.
10. angustus, De].
Prothorax a little more narrowed behind, flattened at the base, sides scarcely
subsinuate, hind angles rectangular, feebly explanate, inner basal stria long,
outer one nearly obsolete; humeri dentiform.
Scutellar stria short:

Elytra with a purple reflection...... ....... » 11. amethystinus. De).
Elytra piceous or brownish black................ 12. castaneus, De).
Scutellartstialone.icolomblack.mwmas os. . 0... 13. scutellaris, Lec.

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc., June 1882, Vol. V.

16 SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. — [June 1882.

Posterior tarsi slender; prosternum margined at tip: prothorax with mner basal stria
distinct, outer one wanting. ;

Base of prothorax margined towards the sides; humeral angles not dentiform, elytra
parallel, sides but little rounded near the base; posterior tarsi with obsolete
groove on outside:

Elytral strize rather fine, interspaces flat, prothorax rather convex, slightly wider
than long, rounded on the sides, and not sinuate, base not narrower than tip.

: 14. californicus, Dej.
Base of prothorax not at all margined:

Posterior tarsi not grooved on the outer side; body less elongate:

Large, protharax rather flat at base, and feebly narrowed behind, but scarcely
sinuate on the sides, elytra not wider than prothorax, strize fine, interspaces
Hate mot shinines sneha... - eee re EEO VON S, 15. Menetvriesii, Motsch.

First joint of posterior tarsi with two grooves, and an intervening ridge: body
elongate, slender, the prothorax being narrower than theelytra, and more nar
rowed behind: .

Scutellar stria long, (J with one, 9 with two anal punctures each side, as usual)
Prothorax less narrowed behind, elytra more parallel; 16, castanipes. Men.
Prothorax more narrowed behind, elytra elongate oval:

Hind angles rectangular:

Tarsal grooves extending on the second joint....... 17. Spraguei, Lec.
Tarsal grooves only on first jomt.................. 18. gracilior, Lec.
lind fanelessoptselcoune ed) aia aes eee 19. Hornii, Lec.

Scutellar stria short, elytra elongate oval,” deeply striate; (7 Q with two anal
punctures each side.)
Prothorax as wide as long, less norrowed behind, and sides less sinuate.
20. Isabella, Lec.

Prothorax longer than wide, more narrowed and sinuate behind.
21. congestus, Men.
Posterior tarsi slender, with the usual double groove and intervening ridge on the first
joint, prosternum not margined at tip; head of usual size, prothorax narrowed be-
hind, basal impressions linear, single.
Hind angles of prothorax rectangular; base not margined.
Tarsal grooves extending on the second joint, elytral strize deep, humeri dentifoure
22. adoxus, Say.
Hind angles of prothorax yery small rectangular, base margined.
23. longicollis, Lec.
Hind angles of prothorax obtuse rounded.................. 24, sphodrinus, Lec.
Posterior tarsi slender, without marginal grooves, prosternum not margined at tip; head
very large, hind trochanters very long; prothorax quadrate, moderately narrowed
behind, angles rectangular, base broadly foveate each side, not margined, outer
stria distinct, with a slight carina. :
Hind angles of prothorax more prominent, hind trochanters acute at tip.
25. prandiceps, Chaud.
Hind angles of prothorax less prominent, hind trochanters rounded at tip.
26. rostratus. Newm.

{July 1882. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 17

SESIA SYRINGAE, arr.
Bee By Gro. D. Hurst.

The female lays her eggs in patches on roughened or knotty places
on the bark of the food plants, which are the common Lilacand the Eng-
lish Ash. ‘The eggs hatch in about 6 days, and the newly born larva at
once eats its way through the bark into the solid wood. It runs its chan-
nels in-all directions through the wood, the first one almost always follow-
ing the pith. The eggs are laid upon, aud the larva infest branches
generally from 1 to 3 inches in diameter, though I have found them in
the main trunk of an Ash 7 inches in diameter, The larva develops
through the summer and fall, and at the beginning of the winter is nearly
or quite full grown. ‘The larva is very variable in length. ‘The head is
corneous, of a bright mahogany color becoming very dark at mandibles,
and is sprinkled with scattered hairs. The mandibles are stout, broad,
- with five teeth. Body light, yellow anteriorly, with first segment semi-
corneous above, and more reddish; posteriorly, pale white. Segments,
distinctly marked, somewhat flattened; prolegs strong, yellowish, black
at points. Abdominal legs distinct.

The larva pupates in a slight cocoon after cutting its way to the bark,
of which it leaves only the thin outer skin, ‘The pupation takes place in
May. ‘The imago emerges in about three weeks. In the very early
spring of 1881 all were out by June 5th. ‘This year, which is very back-
ward, they are yet emerging, (June 27th).

There is very considerabie variation in the imagines, both in size and
color. In size they vary from five-sixths to one and one-third inches,
the females being on the average the larger. In color there is a variation
from deep orange to bright yellow on body, wings and legs. Some also
have heavy lateral marks on the body, making it almost banded.

The moths emerge early in the morning. The females very strongly
attract the males. They mate soon after exit, and those that I have seen
remained in coitu all day.

In this section, they are very destructive to both Lilac and English
Ash. Large shrubs of Lilacs are now very rarely seen and the English
Ash is being rapidly exterminated. In the latter I have seen the wood
completely riddled with the holes made by the larvee, and the tree entire-
ly dead. pee)

My thanks are gratefully given to Mr. John B. Smith of our Society,
‘for his drawings, which accompanying this, illustrate the history and an-
atomy of this insect.

a /

18 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. Y. [July 1882.

Explanation to plate | of Vol. V.

1. Larva of Necrophorus tomentosus, Web., descvibe? page 37 Vol. LV, wv
Bulletin, «a. head above, 6b, head beneath, c. antenne; ad. maxilla;
e, mentum.

2. Larva of Patrobus longicornis, Say., described at page 56 of Vol. LV.
of Bulletin. a. head; 6. antenne; c. maxilla, d. mentum.

3. Larva of Silpha americana, Lin., described at page 2 of Vol. V, of Bull.
a. antenna; b. maxilla; c. mentum, d. leg.

4. a&b. Pupa of Cicindela repanda. De}.

5. Pupa of Chlaenius laticollis, Say.

6. Pupa of Galerita janus; 6a. lateral appendage.

7. a&b. Pupaof Doreus parallelus @ described on page 35 Vol. LV, of
Lulletin. Ob. anus of Q of Dorcus.

8. Sesia Syringe, Harr., described at page 77 Vol. V, Bulletin. a. larva;
b. pupa; c. part of antenna of Q: d. partof antenna of 3; e. mouth-
parts of larvae.

Remarks on some Coleopterous pupae.

Cicindela repanda. Mandibles very large becoming black a few
days before the development of the imago. Sides of abdomen with five
stout processes, those on the fifth segment very long. [In some of the
specimens I had, these processes were clothed at tip with a brush of hair,
others were not, but of all developed repanda. |

Chlaentus lativolis. A\l segments except the last two are hairy; ab-
dominal segments 3 to 5 have a lateral process terminated by a knob,
while the pupa of Chlaenius leucoscelis have no such process,

Dicaelus dilatatus. Resembles the pupa of Chlaenius, but is more
glabrous above, and the abdominal segments have instead of the lateral
projections only bristles.

Galera janus. ead and prothorax much narrower than any of the
preceeding pupze; it is like the larva of the species, of a very peculiar form
and it differs from the pupa of G. Lecontei figured in Packard’s Guide p.
433 by having the lateral appendages not pointed, but wath a little knob
at the tip. I. G. ScHaupr.

Bulletin Broolilym Entam, Soc.vl Vaal. T,

Sily LIS E.

cE det vi it ey
° ei

4
\ a: :
i Z
is
. - =e
ag tre os ate
; oak ¢ A oe
2 z ef <,. 2 ee
aes : : |
« ay

Become ward
‘
4s
&
i
e

‘ ~~ 5 ia a ; . ‘ Se < =~
: os ‘ mene _ - ee ee —~
~ Audie 3 de ey alg ig er Serer nn a wee inde “ teers :
; * A ~ « *
: ; . ~ =a "
r « e - :
pe - ~_“ . . * ~ =

Smith, Synopsis of Noctuidie. -—19—

Primaries elongate, narrow, crambiform: form slight; thorax short:
abdomen depressed, exceeding secondaries Senta.
Form slight: thorax proportionately stout, convex: primaries mod-
erate, with acute apices: secondaries narrow, exceeded by the cylind-
rical abdomen. Amolita.
-—— robust, compact: abdomen short, heavy: vestiture divergent;
rather thin and silky: wings small; primaries widening outwardly,
with sub-acute apices, depressed costal and oblique outer margin.
Melicliptria.”

abdomen elongate, conic; closely scaled: wings broad;

primaries triangular; costal margin sinuate, apex subacute: legs

closely scaled. Poaphila.
——: ——— short, heavy: wings long and broad; prima-

ries with acute apices and oblique outer margin: legs with long wooly

hair. Zotheca.

+7 Thorax tufted, abdomen untufted.

Ccllar acutely produced at middle; an elevated acute, longitudinal

crest behind: abdomen somewhat depressed: primaries narrow, sub-

equal; outer margin excavate beneath apex; rounded at middle.

a 53
Plastenis.
Thorax with an elevated crest behind collar, reaching to base; pri-
maries long, apex rectangular; hind wings rounded. Chariclea.”*

posterior tuft: primaries moderate, broadening out-
wardly; apex acute, outer margin slightly excavate beneath; rounded
at middle: anterior angles of secondaries slightly produced. Hydroecia,””
: primaries yery narrow at base, widening very strong-

ly outwardly; outer margin oblique, rounded; hind angle somewhat
produced, inner margin sinuate. Calymnia.
low and divided: abdomen with loose hair at base: pri
maries narrow, elongate, somewhat retracted at hind angle. Acronycta.
not divided: head broad, close to thorax; third palpal
joint long and slender: tongue moderate: vestiture shaggy coarse.
*Lathosea.

56

++} Thorax and abdomen tufted.
Head closely retracted; collar slightly elevated, thorax depressed,
with a posterior tuft: primaries elongate, narrow, slightly retracted

at hind angles. Hyppa.”
Head more free: thorax with anterior and posterior divided tufts:
primaries as before. Hadena.”
Thorax as before: primaries narrow, outer margin rounded at middle;
apex rectangular: abdomen exceeding secondaries. Helotropha.

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soe., July 1882, Vol. V.

nn
_ jee

DIVISION B. EYES LASHED.
I. TIBIA SPINULATED,

I. ANTERIOR ARMED AT TIP.
A. Clypeus with protuberance.
Protuberance flattened; armature of anterior tibia consisting of a long
lateral spine: vestiture hairy: collar projecting; thorax with a mesial
crest of elevated hair. * *Pleonectopoda.
convex: anterior tibia short, flattened and broader at tip,

with strong claws: primaries lanceolate, vestiture long and rather
fine. Nycterophaeta,
B. Clypeus not protuberant,

§ Palpi very short; not reaching front.
Tongue weak, thorax very short, quadrate; with long, coarse and
very thick vestiture: wings rather small: abdomen exceeding second-
aries. Dicopis.

§§ Palpi exceeding front.

+ Vestiture consisting of flattened hair.
Robust, head large: wings moderate; primaries somewhat retreating

at hind angle. Adita,
Vestiture with coarse scales intermixed; loose: wings disproportion-
ately short and narrow. Lepipolys.

+7 Vestiture hairy.
Collar slightly excavate at sides, raised and acutely projecting at mid-
dle: thorax depressed behind: wings narrow, sub-equal. Metahadena.”
Vestiture wooly; somewhat divergent posteriorly; tongue short, weak:
armature of anterior tibia consisting of several longer spines at tip.
Pseudorthosia.”
2. ANTERIOR TIBIA UNARMED AT TIP.
A. Palpi very short, not reaching front.
Head small, tongue weak: vestiture long, thin, somewhat divergent
hair: abdomen depressed: wings moderate. Ufeus.
B. Palpi exceeding front.
§ Tongue weak.
Thorax with posterior tufts; base of abdomen strongly tufted: (\ an-
tenn brush-like. *Fishia.
§§ Tongue strong, corneus.
Thorax quadrate, somewhat depressed; with basal tuft, and loose
tufts on first segment of abdomen. Anytus.”
rounded; untufted: vestiture long and rather thin; abdomen

untufted. Pseudoslaea.

Se

a ee

U

—fo—

: with an acute anterior tuft; abdomen conic with divergent

vestiture. z *Ammaconia.”
Primaries moderate; subequal: Aaditus of Orthosia. *Metalepsis.

0
Il. TIBIA NOT SPINULATED.
I. ANTERIOR ARMED AT TIP.”

§ Tongue weak and short.
Palpi not reaching front: head almost buried in thoracic vestiture,
which is long, thin and divergent; primaries widening outwardly

with sinuate inner, and oblique outer margin. Copipanolis.
Vestiture more smooth: primaries short; narrow: secondaries small;
exceeded by abdomen. Hutolype.

8§ Zongue moderate or strong.
Vestiture hairy; coarse, short and divergent: beneath, very heavily
clothed with long wooly hair; primaries narrow, elongate; with acute
apex and very oblique outer margin. Valeria.”
Tibia clothed with long Gense hair; anterior with a thi¢kened pro-
cess terminating in a blunt spine; vestiture consisting of flattened

hair. | Euros.
Palpi exceeding front: vestiture with flattened scales intermixed: ({'
ovipositor extruded: wings moderate, Oncocnemis.

2. ANTERIOR TIBIA UNARMED.
A. Palpi exceeding head by more than its own length,
Hypena like: anterior tibia of © sometimes with a brush of hair:
primaries large, apex acute; outer margin excavated near tip, round-
ed at middle. Bomolocha,”
Form more robust; palpi shorter, oblique; vestiture coarse and shag-
gy; wings broader: primaries with costal margin excavate. Macrohypena.
Palpi horizontal; broad; convex without, concave at inner side; ter-
minal joint obsolete: primaries with acute apex, sinuate outer mar-
gin, a tooth at hind angle, and a rounded lappet like projection at
middle of inner margin. Calpe.
L. Palpi porrect; reaching to or exceeding base of antenne,
§ Primaries angulated.
Palpi with terminal joint long and flattened; vestiture hairy: wings
large; primaries deeply excavate to vein four, and strongly notched
or toothed to hind angle. Scoliopteryx.
$$ Primaries not angulated:
Form stout; vestiture wooly: head very small: thorax convex: ab-
domen conic; wings broad; primaries with depressed and sinuate
costal, oblique outer and rather short inner margin. Litocala.

Palpi with terminal joint nearly equal to second; flattened, sub-cla-

vate: vestiture long and coarse; without tuftings: primaries narrow,

with very oblique outer margin and obtusely rounded hind angles.
Litoprosopus.

Thorax with a large saddle shaped. posterior tuft; abdomen with dor-

w

sal tufts: wings moderate; primaries often with a tooth at hind an-
le: ornamentation often metallic. Plusia,’°
C. Palpi not reaching to, or bul shghily exceeding front.
§ Tongue weak.
Vhorax quadrate; very heavy: vestiture coarse, somewhat diver-

IQ

gent; primaries widening outwardly; hind margin half as long as
costal; apex acute. Feralia.”
-———— rounded; rather slighter: vestiture long and fine: abdomen
considerably exceeding secondaries: primaries elongate, narrow; apex
acute. Arsilonche.”
Tongue strong and corneus.
Clypeus with a coyneus projection: thorax quadrate: primaries nar-

row, subequal; outer margin oblique. Aporophyla.
Like Ferata in all points except /ongue Arthrochlora.
Collar rounded; projecting hood-like upward; primaries sub-lan-

ceqlate. | Cucullia.”

Thorax depressed, quadrate; collar acutely projecting at middJe and 7”
and sides; excavate between: vestiture coarse: primaries narrow, sub-
equal. Dryobota.””
with divided anterior and posterior tuft; abdomen obsoletely
tufted: primaries with outer margin oblique: Q ovipositor extruded.
Cleoceris.
© ovipositor not extruded: vestiture hairy, coarse: thorax with an
anterior divided tuft; abdomen with small tuftings: primaries nar-
row, but slightly widening outwardly: outer margin oblique. Polia.
+ Primaries elongate, narrow, equal.
Vestiture elongate, heavy, somewhat divergent: outer margin of pri-
maries rounded: ornamentation sub-obsolete; color yellowish white.

pike Ommatostola,
‘Thorax with a raised anterior divided tuft: front with a double tuft.
Xylina,”
—— flattened: produced at middle and sides: excavate between;
front with close fine wooly vestiture. Caleocampa.”

+} Primaries wider but equal.
Outer margin nearly straight, body depressed: vestiture close and
smooth; thorax with a slightly elevated anterior crest: abdomen
more or less flattened. Orrhodia.

July 1882. ] SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. 23

DIVIsIon 2. One dorsal puncture on.the third stria, behind the niddle,; scutellar stria
very short; prosternum not margined behind.

A. Prothorax narrowed behind, hind angles sub-obtuse, basal strize two, the outer one

shorter.
Outer basal stria distinct, with a feeble carina: last ventral segment SS with a small
tubercle meair UNE THO, .cdh oudcee coodem = -s664 conoKomooeUD Die mancus, Lee.
Outer basal stria punctiform, without carina: last Tontal segment a with a broad
APNCall WA PESTION - a Gaoadeoe sue ooUMBE> 60 ooeswoeulbe 98. diligendus, Chaud.

B. Prothorax narrowed behind and sinuate on the sides, basal angles rectangular pro-
minent, impressions linear deep, punctulate, elytra more broadly oval,

29, honestus, Say.

Division 3. Ldyira with several dorsal punctures; palpi withthe last joint cylindri-
cal, truncate.
Fpisterna of metathorax short:
Prosternum not margined behind;

Outer stria of elytra finer; dorsal punctures three.

Scutellar stria long. . A.
Scutellar stria short. B.
Elytral strize equally deep.
Prothorax narrowed behind, basal foveze large: Co
Prothorax wider behind, basal foveze double, narrow; dorsal punctures 3;
ABACIDUS Lec. 1D),
Prosternum margined behind; prothorax wider behind, basal foveze double, dorsal
punctures three; PERISTETHUS, Lec. BE.

Episterna of metathorax long:
Prosternum margined behind:
elytra sinuate at tip; PorciLus, Gov, ie
Prosternum not margined behind; (scutellar stria iong, and elytral strongly sinuate
at tip).
Prothorax with basal foveze bistriate, and hind angles carinate; dorsal punctures
three; OMASEUS, Zeger. G.
Prothorax with linear basal foveze, hind angles not carinate:
Dorsal punctures three; (hind tibize of J usually hairy on inner side): Dystr-
pius, Chaud. Tae
Dorsal foveze 5-6; PLATYSMA. Il,

Scutellar stria lone

>?

A.

(Prothorax finely margined; two joints of hind and middle tarsi grooved on outer side
last ventral segment (¥' with a short high carina acute at tip.)

Prothorax with linear basal impressions, narrowed behind, hind angles rectangular,
elytral strize very fine, scutellar long, but not well defined..... 30. lubricus, Lec.

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 1882.

24. SYNOPTIC TABLES OFCOLEOPTERA. [July 1882.

B.

_ (Prothorax finely margined; tarsi not grooved on the outer side; prothorax much round-
ed on the sides, with short narrow basal impressions; sides of abdomen punctured).
Hind angles of prothorax obtuse not rounded, strize of elytra punctured, form stouter.

31, tumescens, Lec.
Hind angles of prothorax obtuse and rounded, form less stout:

IBibvisrall Gomes Moe jo! weg >>> >24g00ndooo0s0Seca0s 32. obscurus, Say.
isikyirall Siaries OUNCE, obo udeee s+ ccnaspseonseoee nse 33. ventralis, Say.
C3
(Prothorax strongly margined; two or three joints of posterior tarsi grooved on the out-
er side:)
Dorsal punctures two:
Basal foveze of prothorax linear, deep.. ...........- 34, lachrymosus, Newm.

Basal foveze large:
Hind angles carinate; more or less rounded.

Hovesmmithoutmulbercles.-.).. .. eee eeese rik cece 35. coracinus, Newm.
Bowers avuith, tivbercle 7 cs...\. 2... . Sauer ielots hepsi ya ee anes 36. stygicus, Say.
Hind angles not carimate, foveze without tubercle............ 37. relictus, Newm.
Dorsal punctures four, hind angles of prothorax broadly rounded, basal foveze large
and deep.
Hind angles carinate, color purple, shining ........... $s 38. superciliosus, Say.
Hind angles not carimate, color dull, nearly black............. 39. moestus, Say.
Alternate interspaces interrupted by irregular lines and’ punctures.
Legs black, thoracic hind angles obtuse............ 40. punctatissimus, Rand.
Smaller, femora red, thoracic hind angles very broadly rounded, 41, agonus, Horn.
D.

(Tarsi without grooves; body oval.)
Hind angles rectangular, scutellar stria long.
Basal foveze and side margin of prothorax not punctured; body wider,
49, fallax, Dej.
Basal foveze and side margin punctured; body less wide..... 48, sculptus, Lec.
Hind angles rounded, scutellar stria wanting:

Side margin much wider, impunctured.. ................. 44, obsulus, Lec.
ols:
(Two joints of posterior tarsi finely grooved on outer side, body oval):
Iridescent, thorax narrowed in front, depressed........... 45, permundus, Say.
Totally black, thorax quadrate, convex.................- 46, Hamiltoni, Horn.
F,

(Antennz with joints 1-3 strongly carinate; two or three joints of posterior tarsi grooved
on the outer side; basal foveze of prothorax double.)
Sides of prothorax not depressed:
Prothorax distinctly nar,owed behind, sides feebly sinuate.
Body impunctured beneath; outer basal foveze punctiform, feeble.
Larger, elytral strize punctured, dorsal punctures three. 47, subcordatus, fLec.
Smaller, elytral strize not punctured, dorsal punctures two. 48, scitulus, Lec.

{August 1882. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 25

Coleopterological Notes.
By Joun B. Smit.

While sugaring for moths I have often captured some very good bee-
tles—not only on sugar, but on flowers. The tall Blackberry is a good

thing to examine after dark—on it I have found Lachnosterna fusca, fra-

terna, micans, ilicis, futilis, hirsuta, hirticula, crenulata and hirticollis: the
only specimen of Z. Amochii in my colfection was found on the flowers
of blackberry, and large numbers-of Lepidoptera are also found on them.
The bushes about 8:30 tog P.M. in the locality in which I collect are
swarming with beetles, and terrible havoc they make with leaves and
blossoms. D¢plotaxis tristis, Chalepus trachypvgus and some other La-
mellicorns are also found. Seria sertcea and vespertina fly in numbers :
around and feed on sumach. On that plant also I have found Disonycha
sexmaculata—not acommon insect by any means—. The wild rose
when in bloom must not be passed by. TZ7richius, piger and afinis fre-
quent itasdo Zypocerus velutinus, zebratus and Strangalia luteicornis—the
latter not very common—Chalcoparia globosa and Paria two or three
species are found on it, while RAyachites bicolor is common nowhere else.
Swamp-willow in the vicinity of Brooklyn furnishes Cofalpa lanigera while
the grape yields Peidnotr. Chrysomelide in large numbers are taken with
the sweep net in fields in which ox-eye daisies are thick, while small Bw-
prestide and Elateride are more common in bushes near the edge of
woods. Italways pays to examine fungus on trees. Cra/foparis lunatus, 1
have found by the hundreds many others less common. Smaller species
of Siphide, Aisteride, Staphylinide, Nitduhdae and Krotyide are found
on decaying fungus—toadstools and mushrooms. A good way to fix
traps for these species is to take a wide mouthed bottle, fill it about half
full of fungus and bury it up to its neck in the ground—you will be sur-
prised at the good things you get, Early flowering shrubs deserve close at-
- tention. I have taken this season all the species of Orsodachna and some
very good varieties on those shrubs on which flowers precede the leaves.

The golden rod when in bloom usually repays close examination;
Clytus frequents it in numbers, Chauhagnathus amerwanus and marginatus
and other Zelephoridae abound, and Lpicauta pennsylvanica flocks to it.
Better species are found in less numbers—JZadachidae, some Chrysomelids
and Lebia atriventris, grandis, pumila, ‘viridis, and ornata are not uncom-
monly found—several species of Curculionidae frequent it, and last season
I took hundreds of Centrinus picumnus which previously I had only taken

26 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. [August 1882.

occasionally in the sweep net. General collectors will find many Ayme-
noplera, some Hemiptera, Diptera and various Lepidopiera.

Thistles will often repay search on their flowers. Some Longzcornia
frequent it, Zypocerus velutinus being often common—Lepfura canadensis
and dzimeata in smaller numbers and cthers occasional. Zichius is often
found on it as well as others of the Cetonzadae.

The milk weed furnishes Zefraopes canteriator and telraophthalmus
Chrysomela chvicolhs and several species of the Coccinellidae.
Last though by no means, least @hestnut flowers deserve attention. /or-
dellide swarm on them, and last year three new species were taken bya
collector at Ithaca N.Y. Longicorns, and Curculionidae frequent them and
Balaninus nasicus is often found in numbers. Different sections of the
country will of course yield different species, but allied species or genera
can be pretty certainly counted on in similar situations, so that although
each collector may not take precisely such things as 1 have taken, some-
thing similar is almost certain to be found.

COLLECTION NOTES.
By F. G. Scuaupp.

At North Branch, June 26th & 27th a very large swarm of the hand-
some and usually rare Pomphopea Sayi, Lec, settled on the blossoms of
the common locust, (Rodina pseudacacia), most specimens in copulation,
and very sluggish, but after those two days all had disappeared and none
have been seen since. Here, at North Braneh the season is two weeks later
than usual: this, in Botany is proved by the fact that Strawberries are just
ripe, whereas the Raspberries which are now still green usually ripen about
this date: it is proved in Entomology by the entire absence of many Long-
icorns formerly found at this time, while things I never saw here before
are commonly collected. Caradzdous larvee also are still abundant which
is unusual at this time. )

Limenetis arthemis in former years very rare in July is now met
with in numbers while Z. wrsuda which has never before been seen here
by me is now found with ar¢hemis, in the proportion of two wrsuda to
ten arthemis.

Smith, Synopsis of Noctuidee. -—27—

D. Palpi reaching to or exceeding middle of front.
§ Wings angulated.

Vestiture somewhat divergent; thorax with an elevated anterior
crest: primaries with acute apices; outer margin excavated to middle,
where it is produced. Hucirroedia. “

§$§ Wings not angulated.
+ Vestiture hairy with scales intermixed.

—— divergent: thorax with prominent upright posterior tuft: ab-
domen conspicuously tufted; primaries broad. Chytonix,
flattened; smooth: collar somewhat projecting; thorax and ab-
domen untufted; the latter exceeding secondaries: primaries narrow.

Homohadena,
coarse; thorax with posterior tuft: head sunken: primaries elon-
gate, narrow, equal. Pachypolia.”

+7 Vestiture hairy.
Thorax with anterior crest; palpi horizontal and but little exceeding
the frontal tuft: primaries narrow, elongate, with depressed costal,
straight inner margin, and acute apices. Hoporina,”
with dorsal crest; collar somewhat produced at middle: palpi
oblique, divergent, stout: wings elongate; apex of primaries acute.
Parastichtis.
oo a large saddle shaped tuft at base: abdomen tufted:
palpi porrect; close to front: primaries moderate, sometimes with a
tooth at hind angle. Plusia,”
Head sunken, palpi loosely held: collar produced in front: tufted as
before, and in addition an exaggerated tuft on second abdominal
segment: body pilose. Behrensia.
Thorax quadrate; convex; with an elevated anterior crest: primaries
widening outwardly with oblique outer margin. Xanthia.
‘without crest: primaries wide, sub-equal; outer margin nearly
straight. Orthosia,”°
Head retracted, vestiture coarse; clypeus usually with a corneous pro-
jection somewhat hood-like: abdomen short, conic, tufted. Cleophana.”

ee

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc., August 1882, Vol. V.

_—_ Ree

DIVISION C. EYES HAIRY.”

I. OVIPOSITOR OF Q EXTRUDED.

© antennze shorter than 9: thorax stout, crested; collar elevated:

abdomen exceeding secondaries by ¥ its length. * A dmetovis.
Robust; thorax with anterior and posterior divided tuft; abdomen
scarcely exceeding secondaries. Mamestra.”

II. OVIPOSITOR OF Q NOT EXTRUDED.

A. Antenne in both sexes pectinated,

Thorax quadrate, projecting anteriorly at middle and sides: abdomen
short, heavy; not exceeding secondaries: primaries elongate; outer
margin oblique. Perigrapha.
— : pategie somewhat uplifted: thorax with divided anes
and posterior tuft: abdomen exceeding secondaries by nearly 14 its
length; loosely tufted: primaries narrow. Eupsephopeectes.
B. Antenne im both sexes simple.

Thorax short; with posterior tuft and divergent paegta: wings large;

82

widening outwardly, Diphthera.”
and abdomen untufted: head much retracted: wings short and
rounded; secondaries white or yellow, with black margin. Anarta.
Head less retracted: vestiture rather loose: primaries narrow, sub-
equal; outer margin straight; legs with long dense hair. Zosteropoda.
Vestiture smooth: primaries moderate, rounded; legs sparsely haired.
Orthodes.”*

C. Antenne of SX pectinate, serrate, or cthate; of Q simple. ©
§ Primaries narrow, equal.
Thorax with divided tufts: abdomen strongly tufted: palpi very short —
Sylomiges.”

§§ Primaries widening outwardly.
+ Head retracted.
Palpi porrect: together with front, clothed with long, coarse, sparse

hair. , Mythimna.
drooping; exceeding frontal tuft: vestiture coarse; Thorax con-
vex. Taeniocampa.”

porrect, reaching middle of front: vestiture coarse, divergent: .

thorax very short, with elevated crest anteriorly: abdomen heavy, wih

loose tufts at base: primaries large. Nephelodes,*

+} Head not retracted.

Primaries somewhat retreating at hind angles; thorax with anterior

and posterior divided tufts: abdomen tufted; anterior tibia some-

times witha claw or two spines at tip; generally unarmed. Mamestra,°—
Thorax with collar projecting at middle, and an upright crest anteri-

orly: vestiture smooth; that of front, fine and wooly. Leucania.”
‘Thorax untufted: frontal vestiture coarse: primaries narrow. Himella,

a9) _.

NOTES TO THE SYNOPSIS.

1. Oxylos Grt., and Heliochilus, Grt. I do not consider distinct
from Heliothis. J can see nothing in Oxylos which would suffice for a
generic distinction, while e/ochilus is based ona peculiarity in vena-
tion which if it were equal in both sexes would authorize the separation;
but the peculiarity is found in the male only, while the female is a true
Fiehothis and is in nothing distinct from that genus. Mere sexual diff-
erences should never authorize a genus, unless there are some points in
the other sex as, well, which would suffice for a separation. In such case
the sexual distinction would add to the value of the other charactaristics.

2. Congeneric with this, are Porrzma Grt., and Rhodophora, Guen.
The former seems to differ in being rather’ more coarsely haired, more
wooly beneath, having the primaries a little wider, and the fringes longer.
The latter has the vestiture a little finer and the palpi slightly drooping
instead of horizontal: there is also a very slight difference in the armature
of the anterior tibia; but carefully compared with each other, the conclu-
sion that they are identical is irresistable: not only do they agree in out-
line and general characteristics but even the coloration, slight as its gener-
ic value is, would seem to bring them together.

21. Very unsatisfactorily distinguished from Heliophana, and prob-
ably identical with it.

3. I am unable to find any sufficient characters to separate Shuma,
Hb., Luleucypiera, Grt. and Triocnemis, Grt., from this genus: there is
a slight difference in the armature of the anterior tibia, in the former the
primaries are very slightly broader, the fringes longer, and the ornament-
ation is apparently entirely different: close examination however reveals
decided peculiarities common to all. Renewed examination leads me very
strongly to the opinion that the genera I have grouped under A/arza also
belong to this genus. The difference in vestiture is not so wide as to
make the union indefensible,. and the variations in other respects are
very much less than in many other genera—Heliofhis for instance—taking
those of Europe in connection with our American species, I have also
preferred Yamila Guen. to Shinia Hb., although Huebner’s genus has
priority in point of time. The reasons for disregarding Huebner’s genera
have been set forth by Prof. Hagen and Mr. W. H. Edwards and to their
publications I refer the student. For my own part I will say that in the
course of my studies I have been put to so much inconvenience, and so
much trouble by imperfect descriptions, that I shall never recognise a ge-
nus based only on a designated type, unless the description of the type
contains the structural peculiarities, whereby the genus is distinguished.

ey

4. Parthenos and Alofria I think must be united with Cafocala.
Parthenos differs so far as I can make out, only in the somewhat more cy-
lindric abdomen and by the apex of the primaries which are very slightly
pointed: these differences are too slight to authorize the genus, especially
as many of the species of Ca/ocala have the abdomen considerably more
cylindric than conic. I am well aware that there is a difference between
the life history of Parthenos and that of the Ca/ocalas whose early stages are
known, but so long as genera are based on structural characters peculiar
to the imago, incongruities will occur. A/o/ria differs from Catocala by .
the absence of the tuftings and the somewhat heavier abdomen. In the
smaller species of the latter genus however the tuftings become obsolete
although as far as I know they are never entirely wanting: the most di-
vergent Ca/ocala however is so near to AJ/ofrza that it is possible to mis-
take the one for the other. Both Parthenos and Allotria are readily sep-
arable from Casocala by color; but color is not always a safe specific, much
less a generic distinction.

5. Parallelia Hb., is 1 believe identical with this genus: it differs
only by the slightly more oblique outer margin of primaries, and the
longer and more slender terminal joint of palpi: neither of them suffici-
ent to distinguish them genericaily. I retain Guenee’s genus in prefer-
ence to Huebner’s, for the reasons already stated.

6. Cloantha, Bd.=Achnotia, Hb. ;

7. Embraces Drasterta, Hb. and Li/osea, Grt. Ican find no gener-
ic difference whatever between Luclidia and Drasteria, while Lifosea differs
only in the slighter form and rather narrower secondaries: the antennze are
also more decidedly pectinated, but neither of these points is sufficient
to separate them generically.

8. Xanthothrix Neumoegent differs considerably from X. ranuncul in
the form of the clypeus and in some minor points: they may possibly be
generically separated hereafter, and if so, X. ranunculi with excavated cy-
lindrical clypeus must be retained as the type form of the genus.

g. Stiria, Grt, Stibadium, Grt., and Plagiomimicus, Grt. I do not
consider generically distinct from Basiodes. All of these genera are based
on a single species, and taken together thev form a small group, decided-
ly divergent as far as the ornamentation is concerned, but agreeing so
closely in structural characters that I cannot persuade myself to regard
them as distinct. The squamation and form of the thorax and abdomen
are alike in all: the legs agree, and so far as the palpi are concerned, the
group is remarkably homogenous: in all they are roughly.and somewhat
divergently haired, and in all, the terminal joint is obsolete: the outline

August 1882. ] SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. 3l

Meso- and metathorax punctured beneath:
Outer basal foveze larger, prothorax less narrowed behind, but more sinuate
on the sides, dorsal punctures two................ 49, letulus, Lec.
Prothorax very slightly narrowed behind, feebly or not at all sinuate on the sides:
basal foveze confluent, punctured:
Color dark metallic; hind angles of prothorax nearly rectangular, dorsal punct-
LURES H CWONUOMLOLUGES Wee nec .. » SMR mT REEI creer 50. occidentalis, Dej.
Color black, hind angles nearly rectangular, dorsal punctures two to four.
51. corvus, Lec.
Prothorax feebly narrowed behind, basal foveze not confluent, outer one small but
deep, dorsal punctures two; body beneath impunctured.
Prothorax as much narrowed evore as behind; basal foveze not punctured.
52. cyaneus, Lec.
Prothorax more narrowed in front:
ANMMEMINES DUCTUS Zi DESO. oc oo now coos Ocoee Mooo dane .. 53, texanus, Lec.
ANTHOMMES WSTAHNSAINOWS it WES gadggo c= sccceqoaduvese acne 54, Sayi, Brulle.
Prothorax not narrowed behind, sides depressed, more widely towards the base:
trunk punctured beneath:
Not polished, dorsal punctures four.
Outer basal foveze distinct, color green or blue, or dull bronze, legs piceous or

HCTSUNCANING Ul Sens eles. GREE NaI AREMEBY choc SOE NG LS 55, lucublandus, Say.
Outer basal foveze wanting, color blue, legs ferruginous...... 56, bicolor, Lec.
More convex, and shining, dorsal punctures three; feebly bronzed, legs piceous
CW ASHAUCMNOUSS Foy Gs AMG es. voc kaw adore 56. convexicollis, Say.

G.

(Prothorax more or less narrowed behind, basal angles carinate, foveze large and deep,
bistriate, punctulate; elytra with three dorsal punctures, and long scutellar stria,
sinuate near the tip, humeri dentiform; posterior tarsi with first joint feebly groo-
ved on the outer side).

Prothorax strongly narrowed behind, angles rectangular prominent:
Larger, very shining, basal foveze impunctured, elytra iridescent, striee fine.
58. eheninus, Dej,
Smaller, basal foveze punctulate, elytra more cleeply striate. 59, caudicalis, Say-
Prothorax less narrowed behind, angles small rectangular, slightly prominent; basal
foveze punctured; elytral stria deep:
Sullesmiallemislendenweree sect ak « ..< Ie eo elancics: 60. luctwogus, Dej.
IBireavelere imal Neneexstins 5-74 els caemoione Cree eae 0° wo cl ckcroroleesae ecole 61. corvinus, De}.

(Posterior tarsi with two or three joints grooved on the outer side; prothorax moderate-
ly narrowed behind, angles not prominent, basal foveze linear deep; elytra with
three dorsal punctures, scutellar stria long, humeral angles not dentiform, tip sin-
uate.)

Male with mner side of hind tibize clothed with hair; three tarsal joints grooved:
Color purplish, basal impressions of prothorax not punctured, hind angles rather
ODUUSE MN AN hm GL Ost: |. Maia pla gers IIT. 62. purpuratus, Lec.

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 1882.

32 SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. [August 1882.

Color black, basal impressions of prothorax more or less punctured, angles small
ME CCAIMOU AI es Bede) Noster sh lel ste) Mmmm Gods bere ayeyain tease cetaee 63. mutus, Say.

Male with the hind tibize not hairy on the inner side; tarsal grooves less deep, not
extending to the third joint; prothorax feebly simuate on the side behind, hind
angles rectangular, basal foveze feebly punctured.......... 64. iustrans, Lec.

Me

(Posterior tarsi with three joints grooved, though sometimes not very deeply; prothor-
ax with basal impressions linear, more or less punctured, angles rectangular or ob-
tuse not rounded; elytra with five or six large dorsal punctures, humeri not denti-
form, tip deeply sinuate, scutellar strialong. Species indefinite and opinionative,
especially in the differences between ordnomuun and Luczotti.)

Elytra in both sexes shining; hind angles of prothorax small, prominent, dentiform,
65. pensylvanicus, Lec.
Elytra of © dull, of (¥' shining:
Sides of prothorax more broadly depressed :
Sides of prothorax slightly sinuate behind, anzles rectangular, 66, vitreus, Dej.

Sides of prothorax oblique, angles obtuse....... ....... 67. orinomum, Lec,
Sides of prothorax more narrowly depressed:
Sides of prothorax oblique, angles obtuse................. 68, Luczotti, De}.
Larger, prothorax more narrowly margined; sides slightly sinuate behind, an-
GSS HICINTUIAE 5 sad bpodr > ebsesb ope moxoc5 ada. 69. oregonus, ILECs
-O

Division 4, Llyira with dorsal punctures; palpi with the last joint elongate oval,
scarcely truncate. (Small species.)
Prosternum finely margined behind:
Episterna of metathorax elongate:
Scutellar stria wanting:

Prothorax rounded, broadly margined; dorsal punctures three. A.
Piothorax narrowed behind, finely margined; dorsal punctures two. B.
Scutellar stria long; dorsal punctures three; ARGUTOR. Ce
Episterna of metathorax short, dorsal punctures four to six:
Scutellar stria variable; CRYORIUS. 1D),

A.

(Posterior tarsi with four joints grooved on the outer side. Body oval elongate, head
rather small, prothorax nearly square with very rounded angles. sides widely de-
pressed towards the base, basal impressions single deep, impunctured.)

Shining black, antennze, palpi, and legs ferrugimous......... 70. erythropus, De).

Bg
(Posterior tarsi with two joints grooved on the outer side. Body of usual form, pro-
ies narrowed SHE yy behind, angles obtuse not nomad basal baie

ae ee mar gined at tip.
Bronzed, antennze, palpi and legs femuetou ate es 71. splendidulus, Lec.

[September 1882. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 33

Biological notes on, and Description of the larva of
Calosoma calidum, Fw.

By F. G. Scuauprr.

July 5th I found a large carabidous larva in the ground entirely
black. It was very fierce and active, biting very hard. I fed it with pu-
pee of Ceruchus piceus, which I found plentifully ina beech stump, it
devoured daily about two. At one instance it devoured at one sitting the.
whole contents of a large pupa of Smerinthus excaecatus.

From July 14th till July 17th it was entirely motionless and trans-
formed into pupa the latter day. Gradually it became dark, and July 25
the imago developed all white, except the above named parts which as well
as the trochanters were black.

From 6 to 9 o'clock a. m, it became of full color.

Length of full grown larva 40 mm; form linear.

Color entirely black, shining.

Head vounded, somewhat broader than long, anterior angles small
rectangular, hind angles rounded, clypeus sulcate at middle, carinate in
front.

Ocelli six placed at the margin behind the antennz, distant from
each other. ;

Antenne four-jointed, arising near the base of the mandibles and just
as long as those, first joint stout, somewhat club-shaped, second twice as
long, truncate at tip, third as long as the first, fourth half as long and
slender.

Mandibles very long and broad with blunt tip, slightly arcuate with a
very large broad blunt tooth situated near the base, and a small straight
slender brush.

Maxilla with palpus as long as the antennz, but much farther pro-
jecting; the last antennal joint scarcely reaches the tip of the mandibles,
while almost three joints of the maxillar palpi project farther. Basal joint
of maxilla short, second five times longer, a little broader at apex clothed
with dense bristles, especially at the inner side, supporting a four-jointed
palpus, a two jointed lobe and a small lobe-like process. The palpal
joints are very short and stout, the fourth oblong oval and the longest;
the lobes scarcely half as stout as the palpi, the two joints nearly equally
long, and both together as long as the three first palpal joints; ihe pro-
cess arises near the inner base of the lobe, is very slender and one-third
the length of a lobal joint, set with bristles at tip.

34. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. _ [September 1882.

Mentum small, four-toothed, broadly rounded anteriorily and _trian-
gularly pointed posteriorly; ligula with lateral sides subparallel, terminat-
ing into a truncate triangle with one seta at middle of apex and supporting
the two-jointed stout labial palpus, first joint clavate, second oblong ovate,
both longer and stouter than the maxillar palpus

Prothorax transverse, narrowed in front, broader than the head,
sides margined,

Meso- and Metathorax shorter, than the prothorax, but broader, sides
parallel with depressions near the anterior angles.

Scutes of abdominal segments 1-7 of nearly equal breadth with round-
ed angles, impressions and foveze near the anterior angles, the posterior
margin very broadly elevated; the hind angles of the eighth segment are
rectangular, those of the ninth acuminate, anal fork straight with uneven
outlines and three bristles on the outer side.

Legs set with interspersed spines.

Spiracles nine, those of the thorax much larger than the seven ab-
dominal ones. .

The pupa is yellowish white, 18 mm long, arcuate, very narrowed
towards the apex, the five first abdominal segments are clothed abcve
with a long brush of hair, the last segment has two sharp pointed teeth at
the posterior margin, for the rest, it has the same general appearance as
the other larvee of Carabide.

Just while I was writing the above description, Mr. E. A. Schwarz of
Washington had the kindness to send me his copy of Schicedte’s Descrip-
tions of larvae, published in Kroyers Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift in Copen-
hagen.

At a former occasion I spoke in the BuLietin of the excellency of
the illustrations contained in this paper, but now I had the pleasure to
read those elaborate descriptions, which are as excellent as the plates.

What an amount of work! With great trouble I succeed to raise every
summer a few species from the larvae, usually very rare; and I am unable
to determine to what genus a larva may possibly belong and in Schioedte’s
work I find an excellent synopsis of the larval characters of about thirty
genera of Carabidze, as Cicindela, Omophron, Elaphrus, Notiophilus,
Nebria, Leistus, Cychrus, Calosoma, Carabus, Loricera, Scarites, Dys-
chirius, Anchomenus, (Platynus) Pterostichus, Broscus, Amara, Chleeni-
us, Stenolophus, Bradycellus, Patrobus, Bembidium ete.

Smith, Notes to Synopsis of Noctuide. —33—

and squamation of the head are almost absolutely identical; Szra differ-
ing from the others in having the head somewhat retracted: the females
all agree in having the ovipositor extruded. This leaves for generic sepa-
ration only the shape of the wings, and the modifications of the clypeus.
The wings in Stadium and Plagiomimicus are alike: in Basilodes the out-
er margin is less oblique and slightly bulging at the middle: this makes
the wings more ample, but does not authorize its separation generically:
Stria has a rudimentary tooth, somewhat like some P/uszas, at the hind
angle, and the inner margin sinuate. The clypeus in all has a naked
cup-like depression, which in Basilodes and Stibadium issmooth: in Pla-
glomimicus the edges are raised and there is a corneous ridge at the inferior
margin; in S#r7¢z there isa tubercle at this point. I can find no other
differences, and these for reasons elsewhere given I cannot consider as au-
thorizing a generic distinction. It is to be remarked that the Pluszad@ to
which these insects belong, vary considerably in the form of wings and in
some other characteristics.

10. This genus I have not seen; it is based on a single species, and
so far as it is possible to judge from the description, it seems to be iden-
tical with the foregoing: I have been able to find nothing in the descrip-
tion which would not as well apply to it, except the expression ‘‘costal
margin depressed”: this does not seem sufficient to separate them gen-
erically. :

ir. Mr Grote says of this genus, that middle and hind tibia are spin-
ose: I have examined the legs of several specimens, removing them, and
placing them ona slide for examination under the compound microscope,
but I have entirely failed to discover any spinulations. I have therefore
placed it in this section with considerable hesitation as it is of course pos-
sible that the spines were broken off all the specimens I examined al-
though they were otherwise perfect.

12. Very unsatisfactorily separated from Aznaphila Grt., by the pro-
jecting clypeus and coarser vestiture. The ocelli are also smaller, and less
remote from the eyes: in all other respects the two seem to agree.

13. Ln sensu Lederer—Ochria Hb.:; this genus differs from Hydroecia
only by the conic frontal tubercle: this is not sufficient to separate it gen-
erically, but as I do not know Gordyna in nature, I prefer to leave mat-
ters as they are. It is to be noted however that some Hydroeza are aber-
rant, and more like the typical European Gorfima while from what Mr.
Grote says of Gortyna (Ochria) sanzalite, it is not to be separated from
Fiydroecia except by the frontal tuberele, and does not seem nearly rela-
ted to the European species.

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc., September 1882, Vol. V.

le
—_

14. The palpi in this genus, Lederer says exceed the front: in the
species I have seen, this is not the case. I have not seen all our species,
but so far as my observations extend, the genus is correctly placed in the
present sub-division.

15. Charaara Wlk., seems to be identical with Raphia: the prima-
ries are less rounded and the thoracic vestiture is looser and more diver-
gent, otherwise there seems to be no difference: I note however that the
insects I have seen labelled Charadra do not appear to be congeneric, so
that Iam a little in doubt as to whether I really know the genus: Walk-
ers description of the genus such as it is does not aid me.

16. Mr. Grote in his description of these genera does not say any-
thing about the eyes or tibia, so that I am not sure that they belong here.

164. Sylectra Hb. Guenee’s genera where I have not myself seen
them I am not very certain about, as his generic descriptions are very su-
perficial.

17. Differs in several respects from /Zyfenxa though very closely allied
to it, and perhaps on a comparison with all the exotic species it will be
found a bad genus.

18. Chytohita Grt. I can find nothing whatever to authorize this ge-
nus. Philometra serraticornis, Grt., also belongs to Herminia if the spec-
imen from Mr, Graef’s collection is correctly determined: it is not con-
generic with the P. /ongilabris of the same collection.

19. I am inclined to believe that Aenza and Herminia are identical.
I have not however examined the neuration and would not care to unite
them at present.

20. Iam not quite sure that this genus belongs here, for Mr. Grote
does not describe the palpi. From its general characters I should sus-
pect it to be Herminia. ‘This however is a mere suspicion, based on an
imperfect description.

21. Dr. Harvey in his description of this genus, says nothing of
either the eyes or tibia: I presume that the former are naked and that the
latter are unarmed, as the converse of this would probably have been sta-
ted. Comparing descriptions, it strikes me that there is no great differ-
ence between the two last mentioned genera, and they may be identical:
unfortunately I know neither of them.

22. Litognatha Grt., is identical with this genus: the absence of the
brush on the anterior tibia of the (| and the thickened (j' antenne, are
certainly not generic distinctions and I can find nothing having a higher
value to separate them.

7

See —

23. From the description of this genus, Iam convinced that it is
identical with Zanclogna‘ha. ‘The genus is based on a single species
which I have not seen, but the characters mentioned by Mr. Grote cer-
tainly do not seem to authorize it.

24. This end the section De/forda as far as this division is concerned.
I am perfectly convinced that even with those genera that I have declared
bad taken out, there are still too many; but not until such time as I have
at least 34 of all the species before me and ad// of the genera, can I say ex-
actly how much the number should Le reduced.

25. —Aenigma Strk,

26. I am not sure that this genus belongs here. I have not seen it, |
and the description is not so full as it might be.

27. LP. longilabris: as already stated this insect is not congeneric with
P. serraticornis, and approches very close to Pseudolimacodes: differs in
the narrower head, the flattened palpi, and the form of the wings as above
mentioned,

28. =Eutelia Hb, Our species differ somewhat from the European,
in the length of terminal joint of palpi and in having the primaries more
distinctly angulated.

Zoe — sala Ellb;

30. Congeneric with Fpsia are Zale Hb., Pheocyma Hb., and #’seud-
anthracia Grt. The only points of difference that I can find between these
genera are the comparative size of the posterior thoracic tufts, the absence
of all but the basal abdominal tuft in Pseudanthracia, and the comparative
width of ths primaries; none of them satisfactory distinctions. Zade is
most strongly marked, having the thoracic tufts largest, and the primaries
bioadest, with rounded apex,

31. ZLhysania is scarcely sufficiently distinct, to be retained as separ-
ate; there are only two species (one of 7edus and one of Zhysania) known
in this country and both of them expand nearly 5 inchés, and are our lar-
gest Noctuids. Thysania has the fringes of the wings more dentate, while
in L£yrebus the secondaries are somewhat produced at middle: there is a
little difference in the palpi and some in the vestiture but scarcely enough
to separate them generically. F

32. =—Pyrophila Hb.

33. Cirrhobolina Grt., Synedoida Hy. Edw., and MMelipotes Hb.; are
not generically distinct from Syaeda,and taken together, all these are sep-
arated from Leucanites mainly in not having the tibia spinose. Jd£-
“polis differs from Syxeda in the stouter form, and more oblique outer

1%

—36-

margin of primaries; the distinguishing mark of Cirrhobolina I have been
unable to find. Mr. Grote has properly placed the genus between Syze-
da and Melipors, for it seems to fill what slight gap there might otherwise
have been between the two. Syzedoida is a color genus only, and so Mr.
Edwards seems himself now to believe.

34, = Sudiaphora Zell,

35. Adipsophanes Grt, does not seem to me sufficiently distinct from
Crambodes. The somewhat longer abdomen, the want of a tuft on the
basal segment and the slightly smaller secondaries are all that I can find
to separate them.

36. Spragueia Grt. Our species of Agriphila appear to agree in all
respects with the European species, and I can find no reason for sepa-
rating them generically.

37. Appears to differ from Aconfia in not having the scutellum in-
flated and overhanging the basal segment of abdomen; in other respects,
and in ornamenation, the resemblence is exceedingly close. This entire
group is very unsatisfactorily distinguished so far as structural characters
go, but the genera can be very rea.lily distinguished by the ornamentation,
which is peculiar in each genus. Zichofara-he Gni., differs from this ge-
nus in having a prominent bulging clypeus. In ornamentation it is so
close to Zarache as to be practically identical, and I do not consider it as a
good genus.

38. Guenee’s description ofthis genus is not entirely satisfactory: he
figures two species, one of which has a very prominent tooth at the hind
angle and at the middle of hind matgin of primaries while the other spe-
cies has only a slight tooth at hind angle. I know neither.

39, Cerma Hb., and Polygrammata Hb., do not seem to differ from
Bryophila. Cermahas a larger tuft on the abdomen, and Polygrammuta
lacks the thoracic tuft: otherwise they seem to agree very well.

40, Eustrotia Ub.

41. Very close to the preceeding, and possibly identical with it: the
venation in this group however varies, and without a comparision in this.
respect I would not dare to unite them.

42. Very closely related to Poaphila from which it differs only in the
vestiture, and shape of the primaries: neither of them very satisfactory dis-
tinctions. The ornamentation of the only species considerably resem-
bles that of Poaphila quadrifilaris. ieee

43. In part only: see Note 56 fost.

44. Not Oplexia,

September 1882.] SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. 39

Cc.

(Posterior tarsi with three joints grooved on the outerside; prothorax feebly narrowed
behind, angles not rounded, basal impressions single, base finely margined each
side.

Elytral strize impunctured; hind angles of prothorax sub-rectangular, slightly promi-

nent, antennze and legs dark ferruginous................ Wed, patruelis, De}.

Elytral striae punctured as far as the middle; form less slender, hind angles more

distinctly obtuse; antennze and legs dark ferruginous, thighs usually piceous.
Strize strongly punctured; desédiosus, Lec. Strize indistinctly punctured.

| 73. femoralis, Kirby.

Smaller, very shining, iridescent, elytral strize obsoletely punctured; hind angles of

prothorax obtuse not prominent, antennz and feet bright ferruginous.
74, corrusculus, Lec.

1).

(Posterior tarsi with three joints grooved on the outer side; body elongate, prothorax .
moderately narrowed behind, basal angles sub-rectangular, occasionally prominent,
impressions single or double, in the latter case the angles are sometimes feebly car
inated; elytra elongate oval, or subovate, usually convex, dorsal punctures two to
six, but not very constant; humeral angles rounded, tip more or less sinuate, scu-
tellar stria sometimes long, sometimes short, species in part opinionative and in-
distinct. )

Base of prothorax not margined near the hind angles; legs blackish.
Base of prothorax between fovea and angle convex, or at least not flattened; ely-
tra convex, scutellar stria long, dorsal punctures small.
Elytral strize fine, first and second strize connected behind by a deeper hook: out-
er basal impressions punctiform, indistinct, hind angles nearly obtuse;

ialssyapitose wn Ueteskeetersencyas.- .ccenepehanehenctoyraclet 75. vindicatus, Mann,
Elytral strize deeper:

Black, basal foveze of prothorax not punctured....... 76. ventricosus, De}.

Bronzed, basal foveze punctured.................. 77. subexaratus, Mann.

Base of prothorax between fovea and angle flattened; elytra convex, scutellar stria,
dorsal punctures.

Bronzed, hind angles of prothorax nearly obtuse, outer fovea wanting, inner one

(OOS RECA oe nC py eREEEG nc 6.0 6-6 Canoe 78. pinguedineus, Dej.

More brilliant green bronzed, hind angles rectangular. 179, hyperboreus, Men.

Base of prothorax margined near the hind angles; legs usually ferruginous; scutellar

stria generally short:
Outer basal fovea small, but distinct, angles not carinate:

Prothorax more narrowed behind, angles rectangular, sinuosity short,

80. hudsonicus, Lec.

Like preceeding, but smaller, less convex, sides of prothorax more sinuate, though

lessmarrowed! behindin nae, . Sepemebaelediere tae oieie seers 81. similis, Men.

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 1882.

40 SYNOPTIC TABLES ‘OF COLEOPTERA. [September 1882.

Broader, and less convex, hind angles prominent, sides of prothorax more sin-
TiC See ee EMER... 5 ail ond Boom mene it i 82. fatuus, Mann.
Prothorax narrower, sides much less rounded and less sinuate towards the base.
83. surgens, Lec.
Outer basal fovea longer, hind angles subcarinate, foveze confluent, formmg a de-
pressed space: ,
Hind angles slightly prominent, elytral strize rather deep. 44. riparius, Dej.
Hind angles more prominent, sides more sinuate, elytral strize finer, especially —
OWENS WHS SUCKS BOVE WO b. - coe ba sb5 oe eos ae 85. contustus, Mann.
Outer basal fovea wanting, space from ane to fovea poner less flattened (thus
‘resembling the species 75-77, but the base is margined towards the angle,
and the feet ferruginous); elytral punctures strongly marked.
Larger, hind angles of prothorax rectangular, small and not prominent.
85. subcaudatus, Mann.
Middle sized, hind anzles of prothorax rather prominent, or less prominent.
87. emptricola, De).
Smaller, prothorax broader, comparatively more narrowed behind, sides sudden-
ly smuate, hind angles prominent........... 88, mandibularis, Kirby.

rt

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Those species treated in Leconte's Synopsis of Pterostichi, Journ. Ac. Phila. 1853,
pp. 225-256. are cited below: ‘Lec. Syn.”

. morionides, Chd. Revue & Mag, de Zool. 1868. (Extrait) p. 57. Cal.—22-23 mm.

. tarsalis, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1873, p. 311. Cal. Or.-—16-19 mm.

. crenicollis, Lec. ibidem. W. T., Vanc, Or.—17 mm.

. planctus, Lec. Journ. Ac. Phila. 1852. II, 238. Or. Cal.—15 mm.

. herculaneus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1843. I, 201. Sitka. Or. Vance.-—18 mm.

. validus, De}. Spec. Il, 325.—aleidus, Lec. Syn: 238, Alask. Or. W.T.Vanc. 14m

. protractus, Lec, Proc. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 319.=//ornatus, Bland. Cal. Col. Utah.

Nebr. Nev. Mont.—15-18 mm.

&. vicinus, Man. Bull. Mosc. 1843. 11, p. 206.==californicus,t Lec. Syn. p. 238. Cal.
13-15 mm.

g. longulus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1873. p. 312. Col. N. M.—11 mm.

ro angustus, De}. Spec. II, 328.=/nearis, Lec. Journ. Ac. II, 1852. p. 239. Cal.
7.5 mm.

rz. amethystinus, (De}j.) Mann. Bull. Mose. 1843. II, 201. _Menetr. Bull. Ac. Petr.
Il, 1844. p. 58. (Dej. Cat.) Sitka. Oregon, W. T. Vane.—11 mm.

12, castaneus, De}. Spec. III, 326.=drunneus, Dej. Spec. Ill, 327. Alaska. 9-10 im.

13. scutellaris, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1873. p. 312. Cal. Or.—g-II.

14. californicus, De}. Spec. Ul, 222;—=amplicollis, Mots. Bull. Mosc. 1859. III, 146,

=simplex Lec. Ann. Lyc. V, 181.=muticus, Lec. Cal.— 11-14 mm.

15. Menetriesi, Mots. Bull. Mosc. 1845, IV, 341.==a/er, || Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1843. U1,
206. Cal.—22-23 mm. |

16. castanipes, Men. Bull. Ac. Petr. 1844, I, 59.==contractus, Lec. Ann. Lyc. V, 182.

Cal.— 13.5 mm.

Si Gx wy hh

41

Wii
més.

Z9Q.
20.

21.

22.

23:

SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. October 1882. ]

Sprag guet, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1873. p. 313. Nev.--17 mm.

gracilior, Lec. 1. c. p. 304.==longicollis, || Mots. Bull. Mosc. 1859. IH, 147, Cal.
Or. Nebr. Nev.—g-zo mm.

Hornii, Lec. Proc, Ac. Phila. 1873. p. 313. Cal.—14 mm.

Tsabelle, Lec. Ann. Lyc. V, 182. Cal.—16.5 mm.

congesius, Men. Bull. Ac. Petr. 1844. Il, 59.=vd/ustris, Lec. Ann. Lyc. V, 182.
Alaska, Cal.--12 mm.

adoxus, Say. Trans. Am. Phil. II, 1825. p. 46.==tr7stis, Dej. Spec. III, 324,==n-
terfector, Newm. Ent. Mag. V, 387.==sustentus, Lec. Syn. 1852. 236,==subarcu-
atus, Lec. ibidem. 237.=reectus, Lec. ibid. 236. N.Y., Ga., Can., Pa., Md., Va.
D. C.—14-15 mm.

longicollis, Lec., Syn. p. 239.==oregonus, || Chaud. Rev. & Mag. de Zool. 1868,
(Separatum) p. 55. Or.—8.3 mm.

. sphodrinus, Lec. New Spec. I, 1863, p. 10. Nebr.—11 mm.
. grandiceps, Chaud. Rey. et. Mag Zool. 1868. (Separatum) p. 56. Western N, C.

Northern Ga.—14-17 mm.

. rostratus, Newm. Ent. Mag. V, 387.=vrandiceps, Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 236, N.Y.

S. & W. Sts.—14-16.3 mm.

. mancus, Lec. Journ. Ac. Phila. II, 234. Ga.—11 mm.
. diligendus, Chaud. Rev. & Mag. de Zool. 1866, (Separatum) p. 53. N.Y., Ills.,

Penn., Md.—12 mm.

. honestus, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. Il. 51.=amertcanus, Casteln. Etud. ent. p. 72.

=Sastiditus De}. Spec. II, 323. N.Y., Atl. St., N. Scot., Ohio.—8 mm.

. Lubricus, Lec. Journ. Ac. Phila. 1853, p. 240. Ga,—8.8 mm.
. tumescens, \.ec. New Spec. I, 11. La. Tex.__8.4 mm.
. obscurus, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. IV, 435; Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV 453, rare. S. & W.

St.—12 mm.

. ventralis, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. II, 46.=cycloderus, Chd. La. Mo. Ks. Fla.—

8 8 mm.

. Lachrymosus, Newm. Ent. Mag. V, 386. N.Y., M. & S. Sts.—15 mm.
. coracinus, Newm, ibidem.=moerens, Newm.==adjunctus, Lec. Syn. p. 245.—=/le-

bilis, Lec. ibidem. N.Y. Va. Tenn. Can.—13-16 mm.

. stygicus, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. II, 41.=d7siei//atus, Harris;=rugicollis, Hald.

Proc. Ac. Phila. I, 300. N.Y., Atl. Ohio. Ils.—13.9 mm.

. relictus, Newm. Ent. Mag. V, 387.=/rotensus, Lec. New Spec. I, 12. N.Y. Pa.,

Lk. Sup.—16 mm. 2

. superciliosus, Say, Journ. Ac. Ill, 141. N.Y. Pa., L. S.—15.3 mm.
. moestus, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. I, 42. Pa. Atl. St.—15 mm.

40.
4i.

punctatissimus, Rand. Bost. Journ. I, 3. Me. Mass. Can. H B.—14 mm.
agonus, Horn. Trans, Am. Ent. Soc. VIII, 140. Alaska.—1o mm.

42. fallax, De}. Spec. III, 321. Ga. Tex.—16,3 mm.

43-

44.
45.
46.
47°
48.

sculptus, Lec. Journ. Ac. Phila. I], 248.=s¢riatus, || Dej. Spec. III, 390. S. & W.
St.—14-I9 mm.

obesulus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1873. p. 314. Ga.—1o0 mm.

permundus, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. IV, 426. Mo. Ills. Nebr.—15 mm.
Flanuliont, Horn. Trans, Am. Ent. Soc. VIII, 139. Pa.—13.5 mm.

subcordatus, Lec. Ann. Lyc. V. 181. Cal., N. Mex.—11-12 mm.

scitulus, Lec. Journ. Ac. Phila. II. 1853. p. 254. Nebr. N. Mex. Utah.—1o-12 m.

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 1882.

42

SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. "October 1882. ]

. Jaetulus, Lec. New Spec. I, 10.==vccidentalis,t Chd. Cal.
. occidentalis, Dej. Spec. II. 231.==cursetor, Lec. Journ. Ac, Phila. New Ser. II,

254.==cursorius, Lec. Ann. Lyc. V, 181. Cal. Nev.—9-12 mm.

. corvus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1873. p. 307 (only the synopsis) Dakota.—12 mm.
. cyaneus, Lec. Journ Ac. Phila. New Series, II, 254. Mo.—12 mm.

. texanus, Lec. New Species I, 10. Tex.—15 mm.

. Sayz, Brulle. Silb. Rev. Entom. Ill, 277.=chalcites, Say. Trans Am. Philos. II,

—micans, Chaud. Bull. Mosc. 1843. IV, 767.56. Atl. & W. St.—9-12 mm.

. lucublandus, Say, Trans. Am. Philos. U, 55. Dej, Spec. UI, 212.=castanipes,

Kirby. Fr. Bor. Am. IV, 37.=di/atatus, Lec. Ann. Lyc, IV, 232.=5fraternus,
Say. Long. Exped. II, 270. U. S.—9-12 mm.

. bicolor, Lec. Ann, Lyc. IV, 232. Rocky Mts.—12 mm.
. ebeninus, Dej. Spec. II, 307.=acutangulus, Chd. Bull. Mosc. 1843. 1V, 771. N.Y.

Ils., La., Tex. Ohio.—11—13.5 mm,

. caudicalis, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. Il. 56.==grita, Kirby. Fn. Bor. IV, 32.

agrestis, Bland. Md., Ohio. Can. Dakota, Nev.. Or. —

. luctuosus, De}. Spec, U1, 284.==adljectus, Lec. Journ. Ac. Phila. Il, 243,—=hama-

tus, Harris. New Eng. Farm. 1828, p. 123. N.Y., M. 5., Lk. Sup.—8.9 mm.

. corvinus, Dej. Spec. III, 281.==subpunctatus, Harris N. E, Farm. 1828, p. 123;

—fenebrosus, Chaud. Bull. Mosc. 1837. VII, 30. N.Y., Ga., L.S., D. C., Nebr.
13.8 mm.

. purpuratus, Lec. Journ, Ac. Phila. 1853. II, 242. Ohio, Ills., Pa.—14.3 mm.
. mutus, Say. Trans. Am. Pailos. I, 44.=morosus, be}. Spec. IH, 283.—=picicorn-

is, Kirby Fn. Bor. IV, 33. Atl.—1o-13 mm.

. lustrans, V.ec. Ann. Lyc. V, 181. Cal.—12 mm.
. pennsylvanicus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1873. p. 314. Pa. N. Y.—11 mm.
.vitreus, De}. Spec. II, 320; Ic. Ill, 8. 140. f. 4.=Macklini, Lec. List. Col. 1863.

p. 9; Sitka. Cal.—11I.5 mm.

. orinomum, Kirby, Faun. Bor, Am. IV, p. 32. Lec. Agassiz. Lake Superior.

206.—adstrictus, Esch. Mem. Mosc. VI, 103. De}. Spec. HI, 319;==oblongiuscu-
Jus, Motsch. Bull. Mosc. 1859. III, 319.==ob¢esangulus, Motsch. ibid. 150. Or.
Alaska.—II mm,

. Luczotti, De}. Spec. Il, 321.==seriepunctatus, Bull. Mosc. 1843, Il, 204.=o0b/ong-

onotatus, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. IV, 425. N.Y. Me. Can. Or. H.B. Nebr. 12mm

. oregonus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1861. p. 339.==colligatus, Wik. Or.—10-12 mm.
. erythropus, We}. Spec. II, 240.=nitidus, Kby, Fn. Bor. IV, 29. N.Y. Atl. St. 8.3m
. splendidulus, Lec. New Spec. 1, 10. Cal.—6.5 mm.

. patruelis, De}. Spec. V, 759.==dicolor, Kirby. N.Y. M. St. L. S.-—7.5 mm.

. femoralis, Kirby Fn. Bor. IV, 31.==desediosus Lec. New Spec. I, 11.-W.S. 7.5m
. corrusculus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1873. p, 314. N.Y., Mass.—5 mm.

. vindicatus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1853. III, 129. Kadjak, Alaska.—gq-1o mm.

. ventricosus, (De}j.) Esch. Mem. Mosc. VI, 186 Fisch. Ent. Russ, I, 132. t. 19. f. 6.

Dej. Spec. Til, 329.—8 mm.

. subexaratus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1853. III, 128. Alaska. Ft. Michael.—7 mm.
. pinguedineus, De}. Spec. I, 330. Isl. St. Paul, Unalaska.—7—-9 mm.

. hyperboreus, (Men.) Mann. Bull. Mosc, 1853, ITI, 727. Alaska.

. hudsonicus, Lec. New Species. I, zz. H.B.—7-9.5 mm.

. similis, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1852. II, 296. Motsch. Kaefer Russl. p. 55.

—guadricollis, Mann, Bull. Mosc, 1853, HT, 133. Motsch. Kaefer Russl. p. 55.

. fatuus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1858, IIT, 130. Kajack.—7-8 mm.

. surgens, Lec. Bull. U.S. Survey, 1878. IV, prt. 2. p. 449, Col.—8.5 mm.

. riparius, De}. Spec. TI, 332. Sitka. Kadjak.-—7 mm.

x. confusus, Moisch. Schrenk. Reise. 1860, p. 93, t. 6. f. 16, Kuril Isl.—7 mm.

. subcaudatus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1853, III, 132, Kenai Isl. St. Paul.—8 mm.

. empetricola, De}. Spec. IIL, 331.—=/rigidus, De}. Alaska.—7 mm.

. mandibularis, Kirby. Fn. Bor. IV, 31.==fastédiosus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1853, TIT,

131. Alaska, H. B., Can.—7 mm.

Smith, Notes to Synopsis of Noctuide. -—43—

45. Callopistria Hb.

46. Yo this genus belongs the Diphthera fallax of Mr. Grote's cat-
alorue. Dzphthera in sensu Lederer is an entirely different genus,

47. The species of this genus known to me I do not consider as be-
longing to Brvophila, in which they have been placed in the late check-
list.

48. In part only: the majority of the species belong to the next
section.

49. Very unsatisfactorily divided from Hadena: there is only a single
species, common to both continents, and it differs from Aadena in noth-
ing but the tuftings: the difference in this respect however is so remark-
able that the genus is immediately recognized: Still I scarcely consider it
as of a generic value.

50. Phlogephora Guen., in part. Right here probably should come
Conservula Grt, a genus which I dont know, but which is based on PAlo-
gophora anodonta Guen. None of the gentlemen to whom I have written
or whose collections I have examined know anything of this genus, nor
could they inform me where it is described and I for my part have been
unable to find anything concerning it except as above set forth.

1. P. carneicosta has some flattened hair intermixed.

1

52. Lutri-opis Morr. I think belongs to this genus. I have the
type, from Mr. Tepper’s collection, and except'the somewhat lighter form,
and convex margin of primaries, I can discover no difference unless it’ be
in the palpi, which in 2z/ricopis are shorter, more slender, and clothed
with longer hair than in AZedichipiria. The difference such as itis, has nota
xeneric value. A more misleading name by the way than Zu/ricopis as
applied to mexid’s it would be difficult to find.

53. Lpumorpha Hb.

54. Pyrrhia Ab. Three American species are described of which
I know only C. uméra. Of the European species some have the anterior
tibia spined at tip and others have a corneous clypeal projection; none of
our species I believe are so distinguished.

55. Gortyna Hb.

56. Apatela Hb. The majority of the species belong to this section,
the other have been already alluded to. Some very divergent forms have
been placed in this genus, and it will probably have to be very radically
worked over befo.e it can be regarded as a “‘pure” genus.

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc., October 1882, Vol. V.

aici

57. Iam unable to see why this genus should be retained as distinct
from Hadena; the differences are so unimportant that a generic separation
seems perfectly unjustifiable.

58. The species described under this generic name are sadly in need

of revision; a considerable number have lashed eyes, and they can not re-
main in this genus. If the insect in Mr. Neumoegen’s collection labelled
Pachypolia atricornis is correctly determined, some of them will find a
place in the latter genus.

59. Except in the slighter form, and somewhat less wooly clothing
beneath, Cop:hadena does not differ from JZefahadena and 1 can find no
sufficient reason for retaining the former genus. The agreement in ar-
mature of tibia, the form of collar and general resemblence otherwise is
so great that I have no hesitation whatever in declaring them identical.

60. The armature of the anterior tibia in this section unless other-
wise stated, consists ofa single strong claw.

61. Mr. Grote has alreadv united Azy/us with Agrotis, and
he has been followed in the Check-list of the Brooklyn Entomological
Society. The lashed eyes sufficiently distinguish it from that genus, and
I consider it distinct,

62. The same remarks apply to this genus. I have not seen it, but
judging from the description it is very close to Anytus.

63. When not otherwise expressed, the armature consists of a single
strong: claw.

64. Valeria Grote: Morr., is the only N.A. Species hitherto describ-
ed: it differs from the European Species in the armed fore tibia, narrow-
er wings, and more slender, longer abdomen; possibly it is not congen-
eric with the European species.

65, Luhypena Grt., and Meghypena Grt., have been correctly refer-
to this genus by Mr. Grote himself. A/acrohypena was also so refered,
but I think it sufficiently distinct generically.

66. Adbrostola O., is hardly sufficiently distinct from P/usza, and is
united wtth it by the Continental Entomologists. The majority of the
species belong to the present section, but in a few species the palpi are
not so long, and the genus is therefore again refered to in onother place.
Abrostola agees with the above diagnosis. ac

67. Mr. Grote in his description of this genus says that there are no
ocelli: I find them present, but they are small, and concealed in the
heavy vestiture of the head. ay

68. Adlepharon Git.

69. Some of the European species have the clypeus modified, but I
believe none of our species are so distinguished.

70. Three American species are described: of these D. s#gmata is
congeneric with the lashed eyed //adenas and is certainly not a Dryobosa,
D. opina would be more correctly placed in Valeria: the other species I
do not know.

71. Lithophanza Hb, Litholomia Grt., is also insufficiently distin-
guished from this genus.

72. Lithomia Hb., does not seem to differ from this genus. The
thorax is not so much depressed, or so decidedly bounded; otherwise ~
they are alike.

73. Glaea Ab. Careful comparison of a large number of species
from both Continents has convinced me that Svopelosoma does not differ
generically from Orrhodia. ‘The only difference between them that is
worth noting, is in the vestiture of the front. This, in Orrhodia is wooly
and equal; smooth: in Svop-dosoma itis coarse, and forms two broad su-
per-incumbent tufts: this isa very small point upon which to base a ge-
nus, althought it can be readily distinguished from Orrhodia thereby Ho-
moglaex Morr., seems to uuite them so far as the slight differences in the
wings are concerned, but it has the smooth frontal vestiture of Orrhodia.

74. Possibly identical with Cirroedia in which the eyes are not lash-
ed: although I am pretty certain that in Huc. pampina the eyes are lashed,
I may be mistaken: at all events the lashes are very short.

75. In Mr. Neumoegen’s collection there is an insect labelled Pa-
chypolia in Mr. Grote’s handwriting. It does not quite agree with the de-
scription of the genus, but if the specimen is correctly named, it is con-
generic with Drvobota stigmata, and the lashed eyed Hadenas.

76. Lodia Hb., there are but two species known, one in Europe, the
other in America. In the former the palpi are rather longer, and with
the pointed frontal tuft form a snout: the thoracic crest is exaggerated,
but in all other respects it agrees with the American species.

77. A section only. See note 66.

78. The difference between NXanthia and Orthosia is exceedingly at-
tenuated, and it would hardly be doing violence to systematic classification
to unite them. ‘The thoracic crest, which is a distinguishing feature 1s
present in some species of Orthosia and the difference in the cut of the
primaries is very unsatisfactory as a generic distinction.

79. An exceedingly variable genus. There is but a single American
species described, and this I dont know: T am unable to say therefore in-

eGo

to which particular section of the genus this species falls; one of the
European species has the anterior tibia armed.

80. This division is remarkably compact; all the genera agree in the
lack of tibial armature, and of clypeal modification: the vestiture is alike,
‘and there is little difference in the palpi; this leaves only tuftings and an-
tennal characteristics: neither of them very satisfactory.

81. In part only: the species belonging here were formerly classed
as Dianthoecia. Mr. Grote has lately incorporated the species with J7Za-
mesira, aS 1 believe correctly,

82. Mr. Grote has refered his genus Acerra to Perigrapha. 1 pre-
sume he is correct.

83. [am in doubt whether there are any American species of this ge-
nus. The D. fallax of Mr. Grote’s Catalogue belongs to Zoma and the
species ‘placed in this genus in the Brooklyn Entomological Society's
Check-lst I believe to be incorrectly so placed.

84. Pseudorthodes Morr. is not generically distinct. It differs only
in the longer wings, and in sexual peculiarities which do not suffice.

85. Morrisonia Grt., does not I think differ from Xylomiges.
86. Graphiphora Ab. Crocigrapha Grt., do not differ very mark-
edly from Zaentocampa and I do not consider it distinct.

87. Tricholita Grt., is not sufficiently distinct to warrant its retention
as a Separate genus.

88. In part only: see note 81 ante.

89. Hehophila Hb.

go and last. It remains now only to note those genera not mention-
ed in the synopsis, and those described subsequent thereto; and taking
the last first we find

Hpinyctis, Gri Cans nt. Vol RIND. 75: |

‘Vestiture scaly. Eyes naked. Labial palpi short. Front full with-
out excavation or tubercle: infra clypeal plate prominent. ‘Tibia non-
spinose; fore tibia short, with a claw. Thorax and abdomen untufted.
Antenne simple. Cut of the wings something like Cucuwdia. Primaries
narrow and long, apices pointed; external margin oblique, even; the
wings satiny white. ”

The species, zofatella must remarkably resemble Wycteropheta Mag-
_dalena, Hulst, but the genus is readily distinguished, as a reference to the

diagnosis of Nycterpheta in the synopsis will show. Closely allied how-

ever the two certainly are. : a .

[ November 1882 SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. 47

POCONUS, ».
Dr. Horn classifies them Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, V, 249. as follows:

Mentum tooth deeply notched; ligula with a single bristle at tip.
'Epilobes of mentum acutely toothed; elytra with distinct basal marginal line, scutel-

__ lar stria and three punctures on the outer side of the third interval. tezanils,

Epilobes of mentum obtuse, Thorax cordate, form elongate, parallel. Elytra with
feeble basal marginal line and scutellar stria and dorsal punctures as in dexanzs

planatus.

Mentum tooth shorter and broader, feebly emarginate, ligula bisetose at tip.

Epilobes of mentum obtuse. Form of f/anatus, thorax not narrowed at base; pros-
ternum broadly sulcate; scutellar stria absent; basal marginal line obliterated at
middle, forming at the humeri a moderately elevated recurved carina; stria ob
literated at base. Two dorsal punctures only, one median on the outer side, the
other one-fourth from the apex on the inner side of the third interval. Lecontei.

P. texanus, Chaud, Revue. Mag. Zool. 1868, p. 64, Tex.—7-8 mm.
P. planatus, Horn,=depressus, || Lec. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1874, p. 44, Cal. 5.5— 7m,
P. Leconte’, Horn,=parallelus || Lec. loc. cit. Tex.—5.5mm.

PATROBUS, /z.
(From Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 730 see also |. c. p. 248.)

Dr. Horn tabulates the species as follows:
Disc of thorax convex, hind angles with a rather deep fossa; head behind the eyes con-

stricted. a
Last two joints of maxillary palpi equal. .................... longicornis, Say.
Washiwo jomts unequally terminal longer... . eee. ses oe septentrionis, Dej.

Disc of thorax flat, subquadrate, hind angles depressed without fossa; head not or very
feebly constricted behind the eyes; terminal jomts of maxillary palpi equal.
Hind trochanter -J' one-third the length of the femora and not differing from

(DEE iE Hoe O) arin cee oeinen cra eee So bis’ Claes Lee rugicollis, Rand.
Hind trochanter J nearly half the length of the femora and acute at tip, that of
OR MOUND epee eee eta. >, £2) SER ree nA eer secerTos aterrimus, Esch.

Hind trochanter <j’ nearly as long as the femora, at tip slender and very acute,
that of the Q scarcely differing from the 9 © of the two proceeding.
californicus, Motsch.

P. longicornis, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. Il, 40;=americanus. De}. Spec. III, 34.
N.Y., Can. to Texas.—12-15 mm.

P. septentrionis, Dej. Spec. Ill, 29; Jc. 2, t. 106, f, 2.—Schaum. Nat. Ins. 1, 377.—
Schoenh. Dej. Cat. 3ed. p. 32.=yperborcous De}. Spec. 3, 30;==fossifrons, Esch.
Mem. Mosc. 1823 VI, 104;=/fovetcollis, Esch. Mem. Mosc, 6, 105 ;=/ongiveniris,
Mann. Bull. Mose.’53, 011 145;—/enzis, Lec. Ag. Lake Sup.1850, p 207;=rz/ipes,
Lec. New species. I, 1863, p. 18. America and Europe.—10 mm.

£. rugicollis, Rand. Bost..Jonrnal, II, 1. N.Y., Pa., Mass. and northward.—11I-12mm

P. aterrimus, Dej. Spec. III, 32; Esch. Dej. Cat. 3ed. 32;=/wdlcratus, Lec. Ann. and
Mag. Nat. Hist. 1869. Ser. 4. Vol, IV, 374. Col. and N.W. to Alaska.

P. californicus. Motch. Bull. Mosc. 1859 II, 123. trochantericus Lec, Ann. and Mag.
Nat. Hist. Ser. 4. vol. IV, 375. Cal.—11-15 mm.

P, fuluus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1853, III, p. 145, from Kadjak and P. angusticollisy

48 SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. November 1882. }

Mann. |. c. p. 146. are unknown; the two species P. obfusiuscuus, Chaud. Ann,
Soc. Belg. 1871, XIV, 43 from Hudson Bay and P. stygicws, Chaud. l.c., p. 46.
Newfdld. (are most likely intermediate forms of septentrionis.)

ANOPHTHALMUS, ‘St.

Dr. Horn tabulates them (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. III, 329,) as
follows:
Penultimate joint of maxillar palpi longer than the last joint.
Base of elytra obliquely prolonged, thorax much longer than wide, hind angles rect-
angular, base truncate, body glabrous... ..............-.--.-- Tellkampfi,
Penultimate joint equal to or even slightly shorter.
Elytra shining. not pubescent, thorax longer than wide.
Hind angles of thorax strictly rectangular, base squarely truncate.
Elytra elongate oval, feebly convex, strize obsolete. Form slender..... tenuis.
Hind angles acute, slightly prominent, base distinctly prolonged at middle.
Elytra broadly oval, more convex, striz moderately deep and punctured. Form
WOU, odaach sso p bash gpens s+ saben oe me De Menetriesi,
Elytra subopaque, distinctly pubescent, thorax as wide or wider than long.
Elytral base never obliquely prolonged.
Sides of thorax gradually narrowing to base, scarcely sinuate, hind angles rectan-
- gular or nearly so, but never acute and prominent.
M@horaxcat i basevasswideyasilong. aawaeree yc) ee ee eee eremita.
Thorax at base narrower than long at widest portion not wider than long pusio.
Sides of thorax sinuately narrowing to base, hind angles acute prominent outward-
ly, ply imanveny distinethy pubescentes-/.2 2.5. eee Bea tO pubescens.
A. Tellkampfi, Evichs. Muell. Arch. 1844. p. 384. note. Ky.—6.5-7.5 mm.
A. tenuis, Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. III, 327. So. Inda.—4.5-6 mm.
A. Menetriesi, Motsch. Etud. Entom. 1862, p. 41.=angulatus, Lec, Ky.—5—6 mm.
A. eremita, Horn, |. c. pag. 328. Wyandotte Cave, Inda.—5 mm.
A. pusio, Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. II, 125. Erhart cave, Montgomery Co, Va. 2 m.
A. pubescens, Horn, |. c. p. 126 Cave city cave Ky.—4 mm.
Two old species of Motschoulsky s¢rzatus and ventricosus described in Eutdes en-
tom. 1862. pp. 41 and 42 have been inserted in onr check-list (Nos. 7574 and 7575).
Hubbards A 7xterstitialis seems to me quite distinct.

TRECHUS, Cv.
Dr. Horn classifies them (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1876, p* 131). as
follows:

Elytra oblong, twice as wide as long, five or six stria moderately well impressed. rwhens,
Elytra oblong oval, with distinct humeri and four or at most five strize, the inner three

moderately well, and the outer two very feebly impressed.......... chalybaeus.
Elytra broadly oval, the strize nearly obsolete, sometimes with the two nearest the su-
tune feeblysdistmets ©. .2,. Wi. bik <<: Leena lars hfe ise ae ovipennis.

T. rubens, Fab. Ent. Syst. I, 140, Northern Europe and Nova Scotia 5mm.

T. chalybaeus, Mann.) Dej. Spec. V, p. 17.==californicus, Motsch. Bull. Mosc. 1845.
IV, 347.==micans, Lec. Ann, Lyc. IV, 314.=/ulvus, Lec. 1. c. 315 (immature)
Alaska, Cal., Or., N.H., L.S.—5 mm.:

I. ovipennis, Motsch. Bull. Mosc. 1845, IV, 348.=/aevigatus, Lec. (List,) Cal. 5mm.

| November 1882. | BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL.V. 49

Synopsis of the Lucanidae of the U.S.
By Cuas. Fucus.

The insects of this family live on the sap of trees, such as beech,
maple and oak. and pass through their transformation in decaying wood.
Closely related to the Svaradide this family can be readily separated from
it by the antennal club, which in the Svaradide is lamellate or leaf-shap-
ed and movable, while in the Lucanid@ it is merely pectinafe or comb-
toothed, and comparatively immobile. a

THE GENERA MAY BE DISTINGUISHED AS FOLLOWS:

Mentum entire, ligula enlogated, behind or at the apex of the mentum.
Antennze geniculate; anterior coxee approximate.

Elytra smooth or obsoletely striate (in megama)........ Lucanus.

Elytra striate and punctate. :
Eyes decidedly notched by the margin of the head...... Doreus.
eneseGatcely, OF Not at cll notchedWasy 3) +e. -.57'-\- Platycerus.

Antenne straight, anterior coxa contiguous.
Body moderately convex, head of (J as broad as thorax, elytra striate
; Naciimtenvals’ punctured... . zee Rapecalh ayn de noe ON Ceruchus.
Body cylindrical, head much narrower than thorax, elytra rugose.
Sinodendron.
Mentum deeply emarginate, ligula broad, filling the emargination.
Passalus.

Lucanus, Zz.

Memaibles ol (vas long as\ abdomen... aha... 22.) - 1 2s. elaphus.
‘Mandibles of (J as long as the thorax.
Mandibles with one tooth at middle.
Elytra smooth, femora yellow or reddish, head of ¢ broader than
MOT OSE EMI Le... MMMM RE eC, Std ee arate eee dama.
Elytra finely punctulate, femora black, head of §/ not broader than
Mle recent op sts shore ec « «| « A EMEREMaGe! si vere. Se arate mazama.,
Mandibles (J with several, Q with two teeth, head of ({1 not narrower
RUTeRETAUIRON Tone een MM leo... Romane cre oe Tad EER aa placidus.

a elaphus, Babwoysty emt, ps2) Oliviemmimty I 2st. 3) if. 07.¢U7 gees,
(var.) De Geer. Mem. Ins. IV, 33, americanus, Hope Cat, Luc. p. Io.
The is easily distinguished by the. very long mandibles; the Q differs

50 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL V. November 1882.]

by the black legs from dama Fabr. (capreolus, Lin). which has brown legs
(especially light femora) and by the chestnut-brown color of the upper
surface from the Q O of flacidus and mazama which are black. Occurs
in N. C., Va., Ills, Ind Terr. Length of ¢ 34-55m.

The mentum in the Q c/aphus is comparatively long-
er, the anterior angles are very much less rounded and

the part asa whole much more quadrate than in the
© dama. ga

The antennz fig. 1 are geniculate as are all the
others of this genus; in the an they are more slender
than in dama or any other of our American species:

Fig. 1 the joints are proportioned as in the figure, and the
sixth joint showsno trace of dilatation; the joints except the terminal three
are entirely glabrous, minutely punctulate, and set with a few sparse hair:
the 7th joint is produced inwardly, forming the first of the pectinations;
the 8th and gth are longer, glabrous at the outer side but the inner side
brown opaque, densely clothed with fine hair: the terminal joint is en-
tirely opaque and densely pubescent: the form of the joints is better
shown by Mr. Smith’s excellent figure, (Fig. 1) than any description of
mine can do,

Ds dama, Fabr. Syst. El. II, 248. Thunberg Mem. Mosc. 1806. p. 198.
capreolus, Lin: Mus, ud. Ulr. p32, Oliv. Ent. 1, 1 py ijeteemneene
Bt. 3. f 4. 3 mutcus § Thunb. l.c., p. 205. #7gonus O Thunb, le,
p. 200, t. 12, f. 4. The only species with very light brown femora.
Quite common in N.Y., Pa., Ills., D,C.—Length 23-35 mm:

The larva of this species lives in beech and oak, it is 14 inches in
length, of the usual Scaradid form, curved inward, ofa whitish color more
or less discoivred by the contents of the intestines; the s/igmafa and head
are luteous, the mandibles piceous: the figure on the plate shows the gen-
eral appearance of the larva better than any description: the mandibles are
strong, corneous, curved, with a prominent tooth near base, two small
denticles on the inner side of the curve and three very distinct and strongly
marked teeth at tip. The antennze are moderate, 4 jointed the second
joint longest, the first less than one half as long, third one-third shorter
and dilated at tip: terminal joint very small, set at the inner side of the
third joint: A few rather stout hairs on each joint: the mouth-parts are
all stout fleshy: the maxilla is moderate, heavy, as usual in the scarabidee;
the palpus 4 jointed short, the joints nearly ejual in length but gradually

{November 1882. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 51

decreasing in thickness, the terminal. being conical and terminating in a
blunt point, the lobes are thick, terminating at tip in a corneous, acute,
curved process: the inner side being densely set with equal spinules
rather than hair: the Agw/a is ‘thick, densely set with spine-like hair, a
small tubercle Searing two longer hairs in the centre, and the two-jointed
palpi at sides: the legs are short, fleshy, densely set with long strong
spines,

The antennz of the | imago are stouter and
comparatively shorter than in elaphus the club is
heavier, more compactly set, proportioned as shown in
figure 2, joint six is dilated at tip and shows an incipi-
ent pectination; joints 1 to 6 are entirely glabrous, joint
7 has the prolongation only opaque pubescent, while

Fig. 2 8 to ro are entirely opaque and pubescent. The Q
differs in having the 7th joint entirely glabrous, and in the somewhat
heavier joints of the club.

3. mazama Lec. (Dorcus) Proc. Ac. Phila. 1861. p. 345. The lab-
rum of (fis rectangular and about four times broader than long; the
thorax is distantly punctured and nearly smooth at disc; near the suture
of elytra are two strixe, obliterated toward apex.

The ¥\ antennz are still shorter than in dama, the
joints 1 to 6 glabrous, 6 a little dilated; 7 glabrous at out-
er side only, prolongation halfas long asin 8 and. opaque
pubescent, 8 to 10 entirely pubescent, opaque. This spec-
ies is found in New Mexico, Utah, Arizona. Length

Fig. 3 24 to 32 mm.

4. placidus, Say. Journ. Ac. Phila. V, 202. /en/us, Casteln. Hist. nat.
II, 171. ‘The elytra and the thorax are more distinctly punctured, than
in any of the other species, heavy mandibles, rectangular at the base and
only curved at tip while the other species have them more equally round-
ed; near the middle tooth of mandibles, there are in the {/ three, in the
Y two smaller ones. Ills., Penn. 25-35 mm.

In this species the club constitutes half the length
of the antennze excluding the Ist joint: proportioned
as shown in fig. 4., joint 6 is dilated at middle on the
inner side, joint 7 is prolonged inwardly nearly as long
as 8; 8, gand 10 are opaque pubescent: the terminal
joint is heavier and shorter than -in any other species:

Fig. 4 there appears no notable difference between the sexes.

62 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. ~— November 1882. ]

‘

DORCUS, 4 Leap.

5, parallelus, Say. Journ. Ac. Phila. III, 248, var. costafus, Lec. Proc.

Ac. Phila. 1856, p. 380, var. ¢reves, Say, Journ. Ac. Phila. V, 202; par
allelepipedus, Voet. Col. Il. p. 37, t. 30, £ 7. (Voet. schoenh_ Syn. ins:
I, 3. p. 326.) D. parall-lus, varyinz very much in size from 15 to 26
mm, has the elytra deeply striate and punctate, the strize in the 9 O deep-
er, the mentum in the ({\ strongly transversely striate, in the Q variolose
rugose; the anterior tibia are more serrate than those of the Lucan; cos/a-
tus, Lec. has the striae more obliterated.

Regarding the variety of drews Say, there is still considerable differ-
ence of opinion as to whether it really is entitled to rank as a species. It
differs from parallelus in the smooth elytra, and the remarkable develop-
ment of the head and thorax: the head being broader and nearly as long
as the thorax, though the mandibles are not in proportion to this devel-
opment. The insect is exceedingly rare, and while I am inclined to believe

in its specific distinctness from paradlelus, Dr. Horn strongly insists that
it is only a variety, basing his opinion upon analogous variations observ-
ed in foreign species, In deference to his opinions based on a wider ac-
quaintance with the family than we can boast cf, drevis is here brought in
as a variety. All the specimens of this variety have been found iu New
Jersey so far as we have been informed. This would seem to make it, if
a variety at all an exceedingly local one, and curious and interesting for
that reason. Mr. Charles Wilt of Philadelphia has a fine set of four
beautiful specimens.

The antennz are peculiar: joint 1 to 5, as usual glab-
rous; joint 6 glabrous and scmewhat dilated, joint 7 glab-
rous, and only slightly prolonged inwardly, joint 8 acutely
orolonged, prolongation only pubescent, opaque, joint 9
with prolongation only pubescent, form as shown in figure,

joint 10 spherical entirely pubescent, - The mode of affixion to the pedicle
is different from that of any other in the group, and a very decided groove
extending longitudinally on the inner and upper side would seem to indi-
cate that the clavicle was or could be folded upon it.

\ The larve live in lime trees and sugar maple and develop during

{July and August. The pupe of the ov have a spiral appendage

between the anal fork, see fig.5a. Foundin N. Y., S. C,,
Tenn., Md., Penn. Length 15-26 mm.

Smith, Notes to Synopsis of Noctuide.- —53—

Capis, Gré. Can. Ent, Vol: X1V gpg:

Antenne simple. Ocelli. - Labial palpi moderately projected, 3rd
article short, a little depending. Form and outline of Svsyrhypena but
the wings shorter and _ broader.
| ‘These are all the structural points given by Mir. Grote. and my views
of the genus or its description have been givenat p. 100, Vol. XIV, Can.
Ent.: Mr. Grote’s reply to these views adds, eyes naked, tibia not spin-
ose: the omissions are still too many to place the genus,

These are all that to my knowledge have been described since the
synopsis went into type.

Those that I have omitted are as follows:—

Argillophora, G74 Bull. Buff. Soc. Vol. I, p. 124.

“Ocelli. Antenne simple, scaled, pubescent in both sexes, Lab-
ial palpi porrected, curved, closely scaled, held apart from but not exceed-
ing the front, divaricate. Wings rither wide and subangulate. Fore
wings roundly produced opposite median nervules, below which’ the ex-
ternal margin is cut inwardly to internal angle. Hind wings with rather
determinate apices, full about median nervules and a little inwardly cut
ibeareranialangles Primaries 12 veined pF ke He ae Blind
tibia with double spurs. Body linear; abdomen exceeding the second-
aries, with very minute dorsal tufts.”

Compared to Spargaloma. ‘The omitted part of the description con-
tains a minute detail of the neuration, which seems to present no striking
peculiarity. The other characters given are not sufficient to enable me
to place the insect into its proper place in the synopsis, and I have never
seen it.

Hucoptocnemis, G77.
Eyes naked with hairy lashes. Antenne strongly bi-pectinate; front

rounded ‘‘with a navel shaped knob:” .tongue present but short: head
drawn in: palpi nearly horizontal, only reaching to about the middle of
the eyes. Thorax stout, rounded and untufied. Abdomen untufted,
reaching to the posterior wings. Anterior tibia armed on the outside,
and at the junction with the tarsi with a long spine; on the inner side .
there is a row of shorter spines, also terminating in an inner one at the
tarsi, resembling that on the outside, . but considerably smaller. Middle
and posterior tibia strongly spinose.

This description I did not obtain until too late to incorporate it in
the synopsis, nor do I recollect exactly where I obtained it, having failed
to make a note of it. The genus is founded on Aehophobus jfimbriares,

Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc., November 1882, Vol. V.

5 |
Guen., and was originally created by a mere designation of the type (See
Can. Ent. Vol. VII, Morrison’s letters and Grote’s reply. )

Conservula, Grt., was created in the same way, (Can. Ent. Vii:
99) and is not entitled te recognition unless subsequently described: [I
have been unable to find any description, and none of the gentlemen to
whom I have applied for aid, could give me any information concerning
it. Mr. Grote in a letter assures me that it is described but that he does
not recollect where: he adds that it differs from its allies Brofolomia etc.,
by the even entire margin of primaries.

The genus is based on Phlogophora anodonta, Guen., to which ge-
nus also Guenee referred his species pertcu/osa, for which Mr. Grote re-
surrected 7rzgonophora Hb. so that the species thereby became Z* perzcu-
loso Grt.: the genus Conservula being indicated by Mr, Grote, Phlogo-
phora anodonta Guen., became transformed into Conservula anodonta Grt.
The genus is probably very lke Zrigonophora.

Momophana, G77. This genus is based on Feralia C mstocki, Grt.
Buff. Bull. Il, 59. Mr. Grote there indicates a new genus for this in-
sect but does not describe it. In Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 36, p. 195. he
says of this genus: The insect so closely resembles Moma fallax that it
can easily be mistaken for it. It differs generically by the pectinate an-
tennze and short palpi, in which it agrees with Feraa. From this it is
separated by the shorter vestiture, the more prominent, broader head,
and the larger (naked) eyes. The thorax hasa posterior tuft. The
form of wings agrees with that or Moma. The differences indicated be-
tween Feraha Focosa Guen., and Comstocki in Buff. Bull. are the abs-
ence of oce//i-the broader, more prominent head, the larger eyes, thinner
and shorter vestiture, and the differences in ornamentation.

In &. Jocosa | have demonstrated the oce/li, the head often differs
in size in specimens of the same species, and the difference in that respect
between the sexes is often very decided: comparative thickness of vesti-
ture where it is of the same nature is not a good generic character while
ornamentation is at most of specifje yalge. Add to this that Guenee con-
sidered the type form of AZ. Comstocki as only a variety of his Jocosa, and
the probabilities are that A/omophana is not a valid genus.

Rhododispa, Gr? is unfortunately unknown to mein any way. Mr.
Grote informs me it is described in Bull. Geol. Surv. of Terr, but I have
been unable to find it, nor have the gentlemen in Whshington who have
kindly aided me been able to find it in his papers in that publication,
Prof. Schwartz adds that he fails to find the name in Marshall’s and
Scudder’s appendices to Agassiz’s Vomenclator Zoologicus.

ae.

Acedia, Hb., was omitted from the Synopsis by accident, its synop-
tic formula is: Eyes naked; tibianot spinulated; anterior unarmed; pal-
pi greatly exceeding the front; vestiture scaly: legs closely scaled: (¥‘ an-
tenne ciliate: wings comparatively short, fringes long. ‘Thorax with a
Plusia \ike posterior tuft; abdomen with dorsal tufts.

Agassizia, Behr. Yrans. Ent. Soesehilt Vol) Il, p. 23:

I give the original description:—

Genus maxime singulare inter Boletobium et Xyliodes, Gn interme-
dium, differt a Boletobia conformatione palporum qui cum palpis Xylio-
dis a cel Gnenee descriptis omnino congruunt. A. Xyliode longe distat
et forma alarum et venarum distributione qua cum Boletobia fere conve-
nit sed tamen non congruit. Quum vero specimina perpauca que possi-
deo squamis denudare non ausus venarum fabricam exacte describere
nolui dum copia speciminum denudare et destruere permittat.

This gives little informatign and is scarcely sufficient to enable the
genus to be recognized. ; ;

Audela, Wk. Can. Nat. and Geol.

_ ‘Male. Body thick, very pilose. Proboscis short, feeble. Palpi
short, slender, obliquely ascending, third joint elongate, conical, less
than half the length of the second. Antenne slightly pectinate; branch-
es subclavate. Abdomen depressed, quadrate at tip, extending a little
beyond the hind wings, Legs stout, very pilose; spurs rather short.
Wings stout, moderately broad. Fore wings somewhat rounded at tip;
costa straight; exterior broader hardly convex, rather oblique; interior
angle not prominent.

Mr. Grote in Bull. Geol. Survey of Terr. Vol. p. refers Pan-

thea leucomela Morr. to this genus and says it is a synonym of Acronycto-
ades, Wk.

I believe I have now noticed in the synopsis and notes, all the gen-
era recognized by Mr. Grote in his check-list of 1876 and all the subse-
quent genera, catalogued in Gerhard’s list of 1878 and the Check-List of
the Brooklyn Ent. Soc. of 1882. Many Noctuid genera other than those
that are recognized in these lists have been described—-a very large pro-
portion of them by Mr. Grote—and have disappeared: some silently with
scarce a record of the reason for their rejection being indicated in ‘‘Notes
on some species of American Noctuids” and some after a fierce battle of
authors. I have throughout my work and researches very generally ac-
cepted Mr. Grote’s determinations and synonymic references, and have
become convinced from my examination of the older works that his labors
in the way of identifying species described in them were immense; I have

Ces G——

in this respect implicitly followed him; not only because where I have un-
dertaken to verify him I have found him correct, buy also because an
erroneous certainty (!) is better than uncertainty and a conflict of o-
pinion: many of the descriptions of authors apply equally well to or em-

brace three or four species and they couid only have intended ove: im

such case it is much better that one specie: should be recognized as being
intended than that doubt should hang over four.

But implicitly as I have followed Mr. Grote in some respects, I have
felt myself at liberty to and have verified his generic references, and des-
criptions and have freely criticised his works. Mr. Grote’s work has been
mostly of a descriptive kind, and it has been asa rule exceedingly well
done; but he has thus accustomed himself to search for differences and often
overlooks resemblances: his theory as gathered from all his works seems
to tend continually to the idea that color and ornamentation only, are
specific distinctions, and that structural characters however minute, au-
thorize genera. “This idea has been pretty generally followed in his re-
cent new descriptions, and thus, disagreeing with him in this respect, I
have united many of his genera; only very occasionally I have separated
genera united by him. Azzv/zs for instance he has lately discarded, throw-
ing scudpius into Agrotis and capax into Xylina/!/ yet Anytus sculptus 1s
certainly no Agrots/ The lashed eyes will serve to separate it at once
from that genus. Mr. Grote’s work now is and long must be the basis of
our knowledge of the Noctuid fauna of America, and it isa pity that itis
scattered in so many publications and that no index to it exists.

Guenee’s generic descriptions are as a rule very superficial, and it is
very possible that I have sometimes been in error in placing his genera
as I have-done, but that could scarcely be avoided at present. I expect
and hope that the synopsis will be criticised and I intend thus to learn
where I am in error and to enlarge my knowledge of this family: At all
events this is only intended as a preliminary synopsis to render the study
of the group more easy and to be completed and corrected at some future
day.

In conclusion: I have not given any Bibliographical references what-
ever, nor have I given generic synonyms or -escept in a few instances
where I differed from him, genera refered by Mr. Grote as sub-genera or
sections of other genera because that would have burdened the work 100
much and would have too greatly exceeded the space allotted tome. I
intend when giving synoptic tables of the species of the various genera,
which I shall do as rapidly as I can accumalate material to give the Bibli-
ography of each genus and species and my intention is in time to forma
complete Synopsis of the genera and species of N.A. Noctuide.

December 1882. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 57.

Platycerus, Geof.

(platys=broad, keras==horn.) |

Thorax ¢\ Q with side margins equally rounded....... .--. Quereus.
Thorax of ({‘ strongly, of Q very perceptibly angulate at middle.

Hind angles of thorax obtuse; mandibles of 5 not denticulated,
oregonensis.
Hind angles of thorax distinctly rectangular.
Mandibles of 9 small acute, slender, elytra finely striate and punct-
MR UP AIL,” :, . , CaMMmMIPNT a oy MaDe Sane eee e ACA UCS Acagsil.
Mandibles of Q heavy, stout, very decidedly thickened at middle;
of °¥\ denticulate near tip, elytra more decidedly punctate and

SUN EIEN rat eee ee ORO ee eee pete depressus.

6, querous, Web. Obs. Ent. p. 85. securiidens, Say. Jour .-Ac. Phila:
III, 1823, p.249. Brown red, shining, hind angles of thorax of ¢ rounded
and of © obtuse; elytra rugose, deeply punctured. N.Y., Pa., Car., D.C.
10 to 12 mm. ES

In thisand the other species of this genus the club of
antennze equals or exceeds in length joints 2 to 6 inclusive,
the 2nd joint is always longer than the 3rd while in Lucanus
the .contrary is universally true—the American species of
course being only considered. In the ¢ of this species
the club is very heavy, joints 5 and 6 show a small acute in-
ward prolongation and are pubescent, without being opaque,

Fig. 6 joint 7 has the prolongation nearly as long as 8 and 9g

but much more slender, with 8 to 10 it is opaque pubes-

cent. The 9 Q in all the species of this genus differs from the q {in

having only three joints of club pubescent opaque, the terminal 1s more

rounded, the others are proportionately stouter and less prolonged while

joint 6 is glabrous and has only a small acute inward prolongation as
shown in fig. 9, O of @epressus.

vf oregonensis, Westw. Proc. Ent. So¢. 1844, p. 106, Trans, Ent. Soc.
yeenon 7p: 277, 0.120, 1, Oy ©, coc@axcens, Lec.) Proc. Ac, Phila. 1861,
p: 345, Q. Dark-bluish; head and thorax sparsely and roughly punct-
ured, hind angles of thorax obtuse, lateral margin narrow; elytra punct-
ured in rows, not rugose; no denticle between- apex of mandibles and
tooth of inferior margin. Or., Cal.—13 mm.

58. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. December 1882-]

.

Fig. 7 The fj‘ antenna is much asin the preceeding, but
joint 6 is not so decidedly prolonged, is heavier and only
pubescent on prolongation: the joints widen regularly

from 3 to 6, and are gSlabrous. (fig. 7.)

<2
e 8. Agassii, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1861, py345 OR
Black; mandibles of Q small acute without tooth, thorax

densely punctured, broader than that of o egonensis, with distinct smooth
dorsal. line; elytra ‘obsoletely striate, striae punctured, interstices rugose
with confused small punctures. Cal. 10 mm.

Of this species I unfortunately have not seen the male,
it appears to be very rare, and despite my endeavors I have
not been able to obtain one. The antennz of the QD agree
3 with the others of the genus; the terminal joint is rather
t= more rounded, and there is a distinct transverse eo
Fig. 8 at the middle as shown in figure 8.

9. depressus, Lec., [ picews || Kirby, Fauna. Bor. Am. IV, 141.] Lee
Agass. Lake Sup. 1850. p. 224. Black, the mandibles of the ¢ are much
dilated at apex, but less curved than in gwercus; the hind angles of thorax
“are said by Leconte in his original description of the species to be obtuse
very little rounded, but specimens determined by him as depressus have
the hind angles as stated in the synopsis. Lake Superior, Dakoia, Colo-
rado, H.B.—13 mm.

Male and Female antennz are given side by side in
figure 9g, and this explains better than I can do the

difference between them. In the male joints 7 to 10 are

prolonged, pubescent; prolongations slender elongate:

Fig, 9 jcints 5 to 6 somewhat prolonged inwardly. In the ©
joints 8 to 10 only are prolonged, pubescent and opaque, prolongations
heavy and stout, 7 glabrous and acutely prolonged.

CERUCHUS, 4 Leay.

(Xeruchos==hornbearer. )

Elytra punctate not striate at the sides..... BURA HEA sed ste ec punctatus,
Elytra striate. .
Strize deep, strongly and coarsely pumctured.....:........ striatus.

Strize shallow, more sparsely and less deeply punctured...... piceus.

- .
- {December 1882. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VY. 59

LO: punctatus, Lec, Ann, and Mag. Nat. Hist. London 1869. p. 377.
Differs from s/7a/us by the much larger and broader triangular excavation
of the front; the thorax much more strongly punctured and especially by
the elytral strize very fine, the outer ones obsolete, and the intervals per-
fectly flat and coarsely punctured. Col., Wash. Terr.—13 mm.

eoeriauusylecc. Prog.Ac. Phila. 185omps 65. ©. Head and thorax
with large, but sparse punctures; elytral striz deep, at middle more dense-
ly, at the sides less broadly punctured; the thorax is more convex and the
elytra more deeply striate and much moré punctured than in prveus.

Wash. Terr., Or., Cal. (Shoalwater Bay.)—16-—17 mm.

13. piceus, Weber, Obs, Entom. p, 84, Badbz Casteln. Hist. Nat. II,
174. t. 17, f 3-4. ‘Thisis the most common species of the present ge-
mus and always found in great numbers. N. Y., Pa, Ohio, D.C.,—
10-15 mm.

The pupee of this species were found by Prof. Schaupp in large num-
bers in an old beech-stump, in fact so plentiful were they that he fed his
carabidous larvee with them——they are 14 inch in length, perfectly white, —
stout, with free wings and closely appressed legs, abdominal segments
strongly marked and the head folded downward upon the sternum. .
The sexes are readily distinguished by the relative size of the mandi-
bles, the form of which can be perfectly distinguished through the trans-
parent membrane enveloping them.
/ In the three species of this genus the antennze seem to be alike:
> they differ from all the preceeding in being straight instead of geni-
culate though the first joint is still nearly } as long as the entire an-
tennze: like the foregoing they are 10 jointed, not counting the
small base-like joint which fitted into the socket in the head gives
a range of motion in every direction, but unlike them none of the
12. joints are opaque or pubescent. ‘There are never more than 3 joints

prolonged, and the prolongations are never slender; all three
of them have the tip more or less excavated, and they are some-
what securiform, the figure (12) shows the form peculiar to this

genus.
SINODENDRON, ellwig.
(sino=to hurt, dendron=tree. )

13. rugosum, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1843, H, 262; americanum, Beauv.
inswaAre et Amp. 192, t: 1, D. £ 1-2) “Black, thorax rugose, variolose,

60 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL V. December 1882.]

PASSALUS.

" (passalus—=a post.)

‘14 cornutus, Fabr. Syst. El. II, 256, Beauv.Ins. Afr. et Am. I, 1]

I, £1. disjunctus, Ulig, edit. Oliv. I, 78. distincfus, Web. Obs.
Entom. I, 79; Percheron, Mon. p. 99. t. 7, f. 6. imfrrupius Q, Lin.¥|
Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 35; Olivr. Ent. 1, p. 25, t. 3, f£ 5. Yo well knownml
as to need any description and well represented on the plate.

The larva is remarkable for having the four anterior legs nor-
2 mal, but the posterior aborted, has been described’ by Burmeister,
Handb. V, 451, Chapuis. and Candeze Mem. Liege. VIII, 467 t.4.
f. 5, and also by Schioedte Nat. Tidsskrift, Vol. IX, p. 356. pig
+= XVIII, figs. 12-19 and pl. XIX, fig. 17. N.Y. to Florida, Texas:§
“~e 32 to 38 mm.

The antennz of this species are unique, separated from all others of

14. this group by the deeply emarginate mentum and peculiar form, the
antennze place it between Yorcus and Ceruchus. Having them straight as
in the latter genus, the club is formed like that of the former, from both’
it differs by the dense clothing of hair on each joint, and by the small,
perfectly cylindrical 2nd joint; the fig. 14 precludes the necessity of fus-:
ther description. | }

Explanation to Plate.

1. Lucanus elaphus, 7: 6. Platycerus quercus, 11. Ceruchus piceus, 12d. ©
2 G6 dama, /. 7. ** oregonensis, Ws/w. 12. Sinod. rugosum, Jam. |
3 ee mazama, Lec. 8. ‘© Agassti, Lec. 13. Passalus cornutus, 7.

Bie Od placidus, Say. 9g. “* depressus, Lec, 14. Larva ‘of 2:

5. Dorcus parallelus, Say. 10, Ceruchus punctatus, Zec. 15, 16 Larva & pupa of 11. |

17. pupa of 13.

Bull. Brootl. Ent. Soc. Ve

Chas liuchs,The Lucanidav of the United States

Si

December 1882. SYNOPTIC TABLES/OF LEPIDOPTERA. 61

MELITZEA, “adr.

24. M. Fulvia, W.H Liw. Male: Upper side brown-black
at base, dusted with fulvous or partly replaced by fulvous; costal margin
and apex of primaries black, and both hind margins edged black; rest
fulvous; both have a sub-marginal series of fulvous spots preceded by a
black line, and beyond a common series of yellow spots; next a series a-
cross disk larger, and on secondaries elongated, and more or less conflu-
ent with the spots of the outer row: on primaries a large yellow spot edged
fulvous inside arc of cell and two or three spots below cell; in cell of sec-
ondaries a similar spot; fringes alternately and equally black and white.
Underside of primaries pale orange fulvous, the light spots repeated; sec-
ondaries wholly yellow-buff, mervules broadly edged black, and ail the
-margins edged black; across the extra discal area a black band, inside with
six or seven small yellow spots. Expanse 1.5 inch.

Female same size; the fulvous shade predominates, only apex and
costal margin of primaries and both hind margins being black; the yel-
low markings indistinct.

Unde: side asin male. Western Texas and Southern Colorado.

25. M. Ulrica, WH. Ldw., (MZ. Lmitata, Strecker.) Male: Up-
per side black marked and spotted with deep red-fulvous, much as in
Phycwdes Vesta; both wings have a submarginal series of small crescents,
succeeded on primaries bya sinous row of small spots, and next a bent row
of larger ones; a fourth row curves round end of cell; some spots on and
below cell. Secondaries have two rows of irregular small spots across ex-
tra discal area and a broad band on disk. Under side of primaries black
over the outer fourth; next margin a narrow band of confluent spots, and
beyond a row of small white spots; next the second row of upper side is ~
repeated, making third row here; beyond to base mostly fulvous, the spots
of upper side imperfectly repeated; secondaries have a marginal band
and a row of crenated white spots; beyond these the ground is black and
in this is a row of small rounded fulvous spots; across the
disk a row of white points and a white band: beyond to base fulvous on
black ground, but with a white spot in cell and a band near base, another
at base.

Female similar to male, the fulvous paler. Expanse of male .85 in.,
of female .g inch. San Antonio, Texas.

26. M. Dymas; W. H. Edw., (Al. Larunda, Strecker.) Male:
Upper side brownish-black, marked and spotted with orange fulvous;
primaries have a submarginal row of rounded spots, obsolete on apical

62 SYNOPTIC TABLES OF LEPIDOPTERA. December 1882. ]

area; both wings crossed beyond disk by a common band of separated
spots; primaries have five spots in cell, separated by black lines, and sev- ~
eral spots at end of area below cell; secondaries have the basal area
nearly all fulvous, leaving a broad black belt between this and the extra
discal band; in the cell a subovate black spot with fulvous stripe in mid-
dle. Under side of primaries has margin bordered by a band of conflu-
ent crenate spots, and before this is row of small fulvous spots which have
black central points. Expanse .g5 inch. ;

Female similar to one of the forms of ‘‘AZ, Palla,” color dull brown,
the two outer rows of spots on hind wings and all of those on fore wings
dull yellow, more or less suffused with red; the discal row on hind wings
yellow-buff. Beneath, fore wings have a vellowish discal band and spots
in cell; spots silvered asin male. San Antonio, Texas.

27 M.Perse, W.H.idw. Shape of 17.Dymas. Upper side yellow
fulvous with black lines; both margins broadly bordered black, on which
are submarginal fulvous spots, small and irregular in shape on primaries,
sub-cresent on secondaries; anterior to these a common series of sub-quad-
rate spots, and another similar, elongated, the two separated by a black
line on primaries and partially on secondaries; thence to bases of wings —
fulvous with black recticulations: fringes black, white at tips of the ner-
vules. Under side of primaries fu'vous, the black markings repeated in-
distinctly; costal edge white, along hind margin a narrow buff belt, and —
next a series of yellow-white crescent spots. Secondaries have a similar
edging to margin, and a series of spots, sometimes small and rounded,
orange, on a whitish ground, sometimes wholly orange; above these a
narrow buff belt, a black line anda white band,- bisected with black next
costal margin; thence to base orange, with a white spot edged black in cell,
a cross band of four white spots, an orange band, a white band on should-
er, the tip of the shoulder buff,

Body above fuscous, the abdomen on sides fulvous, beneath both ab-
domen and thorax yellow white; legs fulvous, the femora white on under
side; palpi fulvous, white at base; antennz black, annulated white; club
black, ferruginous at tip, white beneath.

Female similar to male, the fulvous more diffused. Under side as in
male. Expanse of male 1.1 inch, of female 1.3 inch. Arizona.

The following genus very closely resembles A/e/itea and differs from
it so far as we can see only in the less produced apex of primaries and
the somewhat more even costal and internal margin of the same wing; the
costa having also a very distinct shoulder near the base of the wing,

December 1882. ] SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. 63

NY AS, Ziegler,
Synoptic table by J. L. Leconte, M.D.

Stout shining insects with head and thorax black, and elytra purple.
Thorax depressed at sides, basal impressions broad, moderately deep, elytral strize

(DUUNCUMIEG LSE AE Aes eye eA ree 36, cir COR re etairar GS - coracinus, Say.
Thorax not depressed at sides, basal impressions deeper, elytral strize impunctured,
DESIG ESPCCIES (ye sky ens AG... MO te ea 2! cyanescens, Dej.

M. coracinus, Say, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. II, 59, and IV, 26; M. St.—18-20 mm.
M. cyanescens, De}. Spec. Il, 524.==/oveatus, Lec- Ann. Lyc. IV, 355. M.St., Can.,
Lake Superior.— 13-15 mm.

, OLISTHOPUS, “».
Synoptic table by Geo. H. Horn, M. D.

Piceous, elytra fuscuos, thoracic and elytral margin and legs testaceous.
Elytra scarcely iridescent, base feebly emarginate; ocellate punctures at base of scutel-

lene SiS RESINS. VS SRO nee a aren, 2 3 ls BRIE neat Cage UC parraatus.
Elytra iridescent, rather deeply emarginate at base; ocellate punctures well marked.
micans.

O. parmatus, Say, Vrans. Am. Philos. Soc. Il, 49. De}. Spec. III, 181.=c/zctus. Say,
Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. IV, 424. Lee. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1854. p. 58. N. Y., Pa.,
Ohio, Ind., Ga.—7.2 mm.

O. micans, Lec. Ann, Lyc. IV, 230. Ga., La.—4 mm.

PERICONA, as.

P. nigriceps, Dej. Testaceous, shining; head black, elytra faintly striate, 3rd inter-
stice with three impressed punctures, the 8th stria entire, suture and apex sub-infuscate,
legs, palpi and antennze pale.

P. nigriceps, (Bembidium) Dej. Spec. V, 44.=padlipennis, (Trechicus) Lec. Trans.

Am. Philos. X, 386.==wmbripennis, Lec. 1.c. Carolina.— 2-3 mm.

LACH NOPHORUS, Sturm.

L. elezantulus, Mann. Dark bronze; surface pubescent; thorax ovate, head and
thorax green bronze, elytra white, smoky at. base and with a brown undulating fascia,
elytral strize very deeply punctured near base, with three dorsal punctures, the eighth
strize distant from margin w:th distinct ocellate punctures.

L. elegantulus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1843. TI, 215., Lec. Journ. Ac. Phila. IV, t. 4, f. 1.

mediosignatus Menet, Bull. Ac. Petr. II, 1844, p. 62. Tex. Cal.—6 mm.

EUPHORTICUS, 7°. Zor.

Erected on Lachnophorus pubescens, Dej. For the generic character of this as
well of all the other genera of Carabidze we refer the reader to Dr. Horn’s ‘‘On the
genera of the Carabidze’’ Trans. Am. Entom. Soc. IX, p. 91 to 196. with 8 plates.

L, pubescens, Dej. Entirely black, shining; surface glabrous, pubescent only at
Mn P »~ 3 y $ 8 p
margin. Elytral strize deeply punctured near base, without dorsal punctures.

L. pubescens, ej. Spec. V, 30, Fla.—»5 mm.
Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 1882.

64 SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA. December 1882. ]

ATRANUS, “«.

A.pubescens, Dej. Long slender, piceous above and beneath with abdomen, legs,
antennee and mouth-parts red-brown, antennze with but three joints glabrous, elytra
pubescent, margined at base, surface striate, occellate punctures well marked, dorsal
punctures not distinct. Itresembles very much a slender Platynus (pusillus).

A. pubescens. De}. Spec. III, 122. Lec. Amn. Lyc. IV, 439.==obconicus, Hald., Proc.
Ac. Phila. I, 229, N, Y., Pa., D.C.—7-8 mm.

PENTACONICA : Schmidt Goebel,
(Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. X, 158.)

P. (Rhombodera) flavipes. Lec. A small species with a general resemblance to
some of the varieties of Lebia analis. The thorax is short, the sides strongly angulate,
the base narrowed. The elytra are very vaguely striate, without punctures, surface is
finely alutaceous. Legs tesiaceous; underside of abdomen piceous.

The species vary greatly im color.
var. flavipes, Lec. Entirely piceous.

var. bicolor, Lec. Head and thorax above and beneath pale reddish yellow. |
var, ——, Head and elytra piceous, thorax reddish yellow.
Gulf States, Arizona, Ills. and Ks.—3.5-4.5 mm.

P. flavipes, Lec. (Didetus) Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. 1853, p. 377.=dzcolor, Lec,, New
Spec. Col. I, 7.==pallipes, Lec. Class, Col. p. 377, La. Gulf Sts., Ills. Ks. Ariz,

3.5-4.5 mm,
P. angulata, Boh. (Lebia) Eugen. Resa. p. 7, South America.?

COPTODERA,

(Horm. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. X, 131.)

C. aerata, Dej. Piceous, elytra bluish green. Male.-—Anterior tarsi feebly dila-
ted, first three joints biseriately squammulose. Middle tibize distinctly emarginate on
the inner side near the tip, the tarsi slender. Anal segment bisetose each side.

Female.—Tarsi slender, Middle tibia not emarginate, Anal segment as in the male.

C. aerata, De}. Spec. I, 277, Chaud. Ann. Belg. 1869, p. 179.=wviridipennis, Gory.
Ann. France, 1833, p. 194,==viridipennis, Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 196.=ruficornis,
Chaud. l.c. p. 179. M.W. & S. St.—6-6.5 mm.

PHLOEOXENA, (az.
(Zlom:,) Trans, Am) Entom. Soeyes 137.)

P signata, Dej.. Head piceous. Thorax testaceous with a median piceous spot
more or less defined. Elytra piceous with an undulating fascia posteriously, and an ir-
regular dentate band more or less interrupted, broad at the lateral margin, behind the
base, testaceous. Male anterior tarsi with three joints slightly dilated and beneath bi-
seriately squammulose. “Anal segment with one seta on each side.*

Female.—Tarsi slender. Anal segment bi-setose each side.

P. signata, De}. (Coptodera) Spec. I, 275==collaris, Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 197, Gulf St.
Carolinas, Ga.—5.5-6 mm.

(January 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENDOM. SOC. VOL. V. 65

Description of New Moths.

By Frep. TEpper.

Attacus Cinctus, nov. sp. see Plate, figs. 1 & 2.

Male, "Expanse 4'¢ inches.
~ Head and thorax brownish-red; collar white; a white band between
thorax and abdomen; abdomen above pinkish-red, very finely dusted
with white, with a broad lateral band of white on each side, dotted with
red in the middle of each segment; beneath red, rather indistinctly band-
ed and streaked with white; anal tuft red, yellowish beneath; legs light
brown; antenz pectinated and fawn colored.

Primaries rather produced at apex; ground color brownish-red with
black shadings; an angular white basal band bordered inwardly red and
outwardly by black; the costa is heavily sprinkled with white and black;
the median field encloses a large irregular triangular semi-transparent
spot, edged first with white, then with black, and is outwardly bounded
by a transverse wavy narrow black band, extending from costa to the in-
terior margin, then by a white band, followed by a narrow one of vermil-
ion; beyond this the color is brownish-red, heavely powdered with white
and black on the inner side; the apical area reaching on the costa to the
red band is light violet with a scalloped white line curving obliquely down-
ward from apex; the apical eye is composed of two black spots, the outer
one kidney-shaped, the inner one triangulate; the color between the
white line and the inner black spot is bright ochraceous; the border is
olive gray, intersected by a wavy black line, which is bordered outwardly
by a silvery white band, diminishing toward the inner angle.

Secondaries same color as primaries; basal band white shaded red in-
wardly and black outwardly; the median bands are the same as on pri-
maries; the semi-transparent spot is larger and of an irregular diamond
shape; the border encloses interiorly irregular spots of red, which grow
smaller and darker towards the anal angle, where there is one pretty large
black spot.

The underside of both wings is much the same as above, only that
the colors are less vivid, and that the basal bands are barely visible; the
costa on secondaries from base to the median band is white, faintly bor-
dered by black below. One male only examined.

female; Expanse 44% to 5 inches,

Eight specimens served as types, and it is necessary to say that they
vary very considerably in the ground color, some being dark brick-red,
others dark brown, and others again rich olive-brown, all shaded with

66. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. January 1883.]

black; the principal markings are substantially the same as in the male,
e-cepting that the transverse black band is in most cases much more deeply
indentated, although in one of the females before me the band hasa more
even outline than in the male, and that the semi-transparent spot on sec-
ondaries varies in shape, being rounder and less regular in some; the out-
er apical black spot in some is disconnected at the middle, thus forming
two regular triangles; the borders are generally heavier, especially on
secondaries, where the spots interiorly are larger and better defined, and
dotted with black, particularly towards the anal angle.

I suspected at first that this species would prove to be Affacus splen-

didus, 1)e Beauv, but the description and figure (Ins. Afr. et Amer, ) in
several respects do not tally with the insect here described.

The accompanying plate, figuring both male and female, will fur-
nish the exact outlines and markings of this exquisite species.

The cocoons are of close texture, with but one covering, oval in
shape, and are firmly attached to the twig or branch, somewhat in the
manner of ‘‘Cyzfia,;" the color is dirty silvery white streaked with light

or dark brown, and the chrysalis is covered with a whitish powder, like

in the Catocale.

Cocoons of this moth were found in Southern Arizona by Mr,
Robert Driver.

Platysamia Polyommata, nov. sp. see Plate, figure 3.

Female; Expanse five inches.

The shape is lfke that of ‘‘Cecropia”.

Head and thorax dull black, collar pinkish-white, a tuft of red hairs
at base of thorax: abdomen dull black with a double row of lateral red
stripes, enclosing small black spots; legs dull black; antennze small, pec-
tinated and brownish black.

Wings dull black with the costa on primaries slightly inclining to
gray; no basal bands, nor light abdominal margin to secondaries; the
spots in the median fields are small and plain white with no edging, on
primaries they form a small triangle, and on secondaries simply a_bar.
A wide band of white near the outer margin runs through both wings and
makes a decided curve towards the apex on primaries, where it is tinged
with pale fulvous; beyond this band outwardly, the color on primaries is
erayish-black, lighter towards outer margin; the apical spot is black, sur-
rounded by dark gray, then bordered inwardly by a bluish crescent edged
black, and outwardly bya dull reddish shading; between each of the veins
below the apical spot, and bordering closely on the white band, is a blu-

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January 1883.] BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL.V. 67

ish crescent corresponding with the apical one, filled in with gray and
bordered outwardly by a sharpe triangle of black; there are five of these
extra spots, which diminish in size and clearness as they approach the in-
ner margin; the dark gray ground is outwardly scalloped with a narrow
black line, somewhat like in ‘‘Cecropia’; the borders to primaries are gray
shaded whitish inwardly, especially towards apical area; at apex a zig-zag
white line connects with the first biue crescent, and between this line and
outer margin isa dull red spot.

Beyond the white band on secondaries the color is blackish, with
dark gray borders and a scalloped black line, enclosing inwardly a row of
black spots, two between each vein,

“The underside is a reproduction of the upperside, with the colors
more subdued; no light costal band to secondaries:

This remarkable insect was likewise found in Southern Arizona
by Mr. Robert Driver. Though apparently allied to ‘‘Cecropia,”
it differs so materially from this and all the other forms of this group, that
I did not hesitate to describe it as new.

New Noctuids and Notes.
By Joun B. Smiru.

Calymnia eequilinea, sp.nov. Expands 1% inches.

Color pale luteous, secondaries slightly paler: primaries with two
narrow, parallel paler lines, one just inside basal, and the other just out-
side of outer third; reniform and orbicular large, distinctly outlined by a
very narrow white line, and slightly darker than the remainder of the pri-
maries; secondaries immaculate: beneath paler, entirely immaculate.
I specimen, Colcrado, my collection.

This species has the generic characters well marked; it has a small
but distinct elevated crest just behind collar, but is otherwise without tuft-
ings, slightly darker in color than the other species I have seen, it still

as the same general acres. It differs from both of the American species
heretofore described in having the pale lines very nearly parallel instead
of converging inferiorly; in other respects it is closely allied to them.
Hadena juncimacula, sp. nov. Expands 134 inches.

The usual generic characters: a distinct anterior and posterior divid-
ed crest: body and abdomen ofa bright gray; a distinct narrow black line

68 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VY. January 1883.) —

near the crest of collar from costal base of primaries; crest of collar nar-
rowly white. Primaries carnecus gray, slightly paler at the inferior half;
through the centre of the wing is areddish or bright brownish tint more
decided at outer third; the basal half line is white and is strongly and
acutely angulated ouiwardly on the median vein: the t, a. line is in-
distinct, pale and very strongly dendate, margined outwardly at the in-
ferior half of its conrse by a narrow black line; the t. p. line is pale indis-
tinct, and scarcely discernable at the inferior half of its course, slightly an-
gulated outwardly on the venules; the outer margin of the wing is gray
bordered interniorly by a narrow black shade, which is in turn bordered by
a more diffuse brown line: inside of this is a broader distinct paler gray
shade extending from apex to hind margin. Reniform and orbicular large,
and confluent: they are enclosed by a narrow white line parallel with the
median vein beneath, enclosing the orbicular to the upper margin, cross-
ing to the reniform which it touches at the middle, and curving round
that to the point or y. lace of beginning; the orbicular proper is whitish, a
black spot in the white space between the two spots; reniform carneous
with a darker spot a lower part. ‘The outer margin is slightly dusky outer
margin. Beneath, primaries darker as gray with a narrow pale outer
margin, secondaries pale whitish.

The ({\ antennz are robust with short pectivations; pectinations ciliate.
1 specimen, Utah Territory, my collection.

My type of this species was received from Ft. Thornburgh, and is in
perfect condition; the peculiar junction of reniform and orbicular readily
distinguishes it from all its allies known to me, and it does not agree with
the description of the few species that I have not seen. It is one of the
largest species of this genus, and belongs near the Arctica section.

Mamestra promulsa, Morr.

This species is refered by Mr. Grote to Avzaréa, and is so catalogued
in his ‘‘New List’. ‘Through the kindness of Mr. Tepper I have been en-
abled to examine the type; and it certainly is no Azaréa; the eyes are round,
not reniform as in Azar/a, and the entire habitus is different from that of
the latter genus: the type isa Q and has the ovipositor extruded; it is
therefo.e referable to the section Dranthoecia; the specimen has the legs
defective, and 1s otherwise poor so that it is not safe to change the generic
determination of Mr. Morrison without fresh material on hand. An An-
arta it is not for reasons stated above.

[January 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 69

Record of the Coleopterology of the United States in
the year 1882.
Geo. Horn, M. D.
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. X, pp. 101-164.
Revision of the species of some genera of Buprestidae pp.
IOI—112. with plate.
Notes on some little known genera and species of eolcoutes. 2 pp.
113-126 with 2 plates.
Synopsis of the Species of the tribe Lebiini, pp. 126-164.
H.F. Jayme, M.D.
Proc. Am. Phil. Soc.XX, June 1882. pp. 343-37.
Revision of the Dermesticae ofthe U. §. pp. 343-377, with 4 pl.
John B. Smith,
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, X, pp. 73-100.
A synopsis of the Mordellide of the U.8., pp. 73-100, with 3 pl.
L. W. Schaufuss, P.D.,
Ann. Soc. France, 6th ser. Vol. II, 1882. p. 43.
De quibusdam coleopteris novis, p. 43.
H. S. Gorham,
Biologia Central Americana 1882.
Cleride.
E. CandeZe,
Mem, Liege, 2nd ser. t, IX, Febr. 1882.

Elaterides nouveaux, 3d fasc. pp. 59—97.
David Sharp, M. B.
Scrent. Trans. Royal Dublin Soc. vol. If, ser. II, Dubl, r880—8 2.

On aquatic carnivorous coleoptera or Dytiscidae. pp. 1791003
al Vil _ XVIII, ;

CARABIDAE.
Geo. Hi. Horn, M. D.

Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. X.

Call.da platynoides n. sp. Cal, p. 139. Philopuga castanea n. sp.

Cal p.144, Plo.hionus dorsalis, n, sp. Fla. p. 146. Pinacodera semisul-
cata, n. sp. Cal. p. 148 and P. sulcipennis, n. sp. Cal. p. 148.

After Pentagonica add Onota floridana Horn.

Drop Lebia frigida (= fuscata Dej.)

Drop Apristus latens Lec (= subsulcatus, Dej.)

Drop Blechrus linearis Lec (=nigrinus Mann.)

Drop Metabletus borealis Zimm (= americanus Dej.)

Drop Axinopalpus californicus Mots (= biplagiatus De).)

70 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. January 1883.])

'

Drop Lecnophilus chloridipennis Mots. nigricollis Lec. and Pilatei Chd. (alt
=croceicollis Men.)

For Onota trivittata Lec read Hiproctus Solier trivittatus Lec.

Add. to Philophuga: Ph. eemcena Lec and drop Ph. Hornii Chd. (= cemand Lec)

Drop Callida cyanoptera Lec = (decora Fab) Pinacodera fuscata De}. is a var.
of limbata Say.

Drop Cymindis brevipennis Zimm. (= planipennis Lec.) abstrusa Lee (=cri-
bricollis Dej.) venutor Dej. (= americana Dej.)

Drop Apenes angustata Sz. (= lucidula Dej.)
Change Rhombodera Reiche to Pentagonica Schm. Geeb. and ipes Lee to
_. flavipes Lec with the syn. pallipes Lec and bicolor Lec. ;
P. angulata (Rhombodera) Boh. is probably South American.

DYTISCIDAE.
David Sharp, M.B.
1 “Prans.’ R-: Dublt Soc. ‘vol.’ IL, ser. 11. Dublin 1880= 82.

Canthridus punctipennts n. sp. Car. p. 270, Laccophilus fusculus
n. sp. Nev. p. 290, ZL. msignis n. sp. Tex. p. 290, L. terminals mn. sp,
Tex. p. 292: Hydrovatus brevip’s n. sp. Cal. p. 324, H. compressus n. sp.
La. p. 324, Bilessus pictodes n. sp. p. 348, B. obcsus n. sp. Tex. p. 340,
B. discretus n. sp. Tex. .p. 350, B. texanus Tex. p. 366, Celambus fuma-
fusn. sp. U.S. p. 400, .C. mfuscatus n. sp. Nev. p. 402, Deronectes
suffusus n. sp. p. 434, D. postrnals n. sp. p. 434, Hydroporus diversicor=
nis n. sp. Vex. p. 437, 4. mizgeras sp. Pa..p. 4.38; » Al. cimuconermiesp:
N. A: p. 430, 4. lobatusn. sp. NVA. p. 430, 4. scra¢ovommecpe Nese
p. 440, HZ. fnceusn sp. N. A. p. 440, H. peltatus n. sp. Cany F7: cly-
pealts n. sp. Mass. p. 441, A .anficus n, sp. Pa. La. p. 441, Z. eruditus
n. sp. Pa., A. republicanus n. sp. Pa., H. solitarius n. sp. Mass. p. 445,
H. occidentalis n. sp. Br. Col. p. 456, H. despectus n. sp. Can. p. 466,
H. perplexus n. sp. Cal. p. 467, H. rusticusn. sp. Nev., H. mornatus
nm. sp: Mass. -p. 478, @. latifrons n. sp. N. A. p. 478, A. rufilabris n.
sp, Tex..p. 479,:H. terminals Cal. p. 484, H. Hardyi n. sp. Cal. p. 485,
H. Belfragei n, sp. Vex., Mydrotrupes palpalis n. sp. Cal, p. 492, Agabus
perplexus vn. sp. Vance. Cal, p. 498, A. planatus n. sp. N. A. p, 503,
(© var of semivittatus Lec.) A, fexanus n. sp. Tex. p. 505, A. stridulator
n. sp. H. B. Can. p. 509, 4. mutusn. sp. i. B. -p. 513, As subjgscotas
n..sp.._Mass, p. 514, L/ybius muersusn. sp. N. A. p. 552, L£. discedens n.
sp. H.. B. Pp. 557; Coplotomus obscurus n. Sp, Tex. Fla. p. 601, Rhantus
longipes 0. sp. Alaska, Br. Col. p. 613, 4. obscurus n. sp. Cal., 2. plebe-.
jus n. sp. Hermit Lake, R. discedens n. sp. Cal, p. 615, R. sericans D. Sp.
Brit. Col. p: 619, Colyméites Crotchit n. sp. Cal, p. 626, C. rugipennis n.
sp. Nebr. -—p. 628, Dytiscus vexatusn.sp. N. W. of N. A. p. 643, Aydati-
cus modestus n. sp. N. A. p. 650, A. americanus n. sp. Red River P. 651,
Graphoderes CRE n. Ee U. Sip: OEM

[January 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOG. VOL.V. 71

LEPTINIDZ.
Geo. H. Horn, ™. te
[eum ers: 3)
Leptinillus n. g. for Leptinus validus Horn.
SILPHIDAE.
L, W. Schaufuss, Ph. D.
Ann, Fr. vol. Il, 1882, .p. 43.
Trizrthron cedonulli (sic!!) n. sp, Cal. p. 43.

LATHRIDIIDAE.

Geo. H. Horn
Trans. Am, cane Soc. X. Daal ee.

Monedus n. g. guitatus n, sp. both described by Leconte; Dasyce-
rus Brogn * carolinensis n. sp. N. Car. p. 117 and D. ang culicollis n. sp.
Cal. p. 117 both by Horn.

DERMESTIDAE.
Horace J. Jayne, M. D.
Proc. Am. Philos. Soc. 1882, XX. p. 343—377.

Attagenus Hornii n. sp. Cal. p. 356, (= brturodes Y Crotch Check-
list), A. perplexus n. sp. Nev. p. 356, A, varicolor n. sp, Pac. St. p. 357,
Acolpus n. g. p. 360, (after Perimegatoma) A. primus n. sp. Tex. p. 361,
Trogoderma simplex n. sp. W. St. p. 362, TZ. sternalen. sp. N. Mex. Ariz.
Cal. Tex. p. 363, Axtmocerus n. g. p. 367, (after Cryptorhopalum) A.
americanus n. sp. Vex. p. 368.

To Dermestes add elongatus Lec, vulpinus Fab. — Drop nubilus Sav and rattus
Lec (= murinus Lin); persimilis Cr. (not dese.); bicolor Fab and maculatus Deg.
= vulpinus Fab.); signatus Lec (= lardarius Lin).

To Attagenus add piceus Oliv and drop as itssynonyms megatoma Fab, = dich-
rous, Lec = spurcus Lec = rufipennis Lec. :

_ In Lrogoderma drop pallipes Zieg] and inclusum Lec (both = tarsalis Mels)**-

and pusillum Lec (= ornatum Say.)

In Anthrenus drop, flavipes Lec, thoracicus Mels and lepidus Lec (= scrophu-
larice Lin )

| SCARABIDAE.
Geo. H. Horn.
lc. X. p. r18—1
Ontticellus * Serv. californicus n. sp. Cal, p. 118, (near Ontho-
phagus) Plusiotis Lecontet n. sp. Ariz. p. 120.
Dr. Horn also unites Lichnanthe and Dasydera under the generic name Amphi--
coma, Latr. (with syn. tabl.)

* Genus new to our fauna.
** Mr. Jayne gives inclusum Lec. (June 1854) as the name to stay, but tarsalis
Mels (Oct. 1844) and pallipes Zieg] (Aug. 1845) are far older and tarsalis will stand.

72 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. January 1883. ]

BUPRESTIDAE.
Geo, H. Horn, M.D. l.c.

Melanophila intrusa, n. sp. Cal. Nev. p. 105, JL obfusa n. sp.
Ga p. 106.

To Anthaaia add salcis Fa (Europ. spec. found in Kans.) and
drop zzornafa Rand (= aeneegaster L. & G.) and bivitiata Gory (= guer-
cata Fab.) :

KLATERIDAE.
E, Candeze.

Mem. Liege, 2d. ser, vol. 1X., 20. Febr. 1882.
An-hastus militarts n. sp. Cal. p. 59, Elater violaceipennis n. sp.
Cal, p62, 2 Horniwn. sp. Calap,63, £. pariitus n, spyCalegoue.
Corymbites Lecontei n. sp. Cal. p. 94, £. elegans n, sp. Cal. p. 97,

[later violacerpennis = atripennis Horn, £,; Horn = fraeses
Cand; Corymbites Leconiei = dimidatus Lec,, teste Horn, |
MALACHIDAE.

Geo. H. Horn.
Trans, Am, Ent, Soc. X.
Mecomyctes vn. g. (after Dasytes) p, 125, AZ omalinus n. sp. Kans,

DehZO:
CLERIDAE.

S. Gorham.
Biologia Centrali Americana 1882.
Cymatodera texana n, sp, Tex. p,
MORDELLIDAE,
J.B, Smith.
Trans, Am. Ent. Soc, X., pp. 73— .
Pentaria hirsula n, sp, Cal. p. 76, Anaspis militaris n. sp. Cal,
p. 77, Mordellistina eleganiulus n. sp, N. Y. p. 90, MZ, atriceps n. sp.
N.Y, p: 91, J purenns n, sp. NY.; J. pallipesn. sp-NGe aes
MM. indistincla n. sp. N. Y, p. 93, AZ mornata n. sp,'Tex,, 17, minutia n.
sp. Da, JZ, ferruginoides n, sp. Ga. p. 94, AL splendens n, sp, Fla. Ils.
p- 95, J floridensis n. sp. Fla., JZ singularis n. sp. Da, p. 96, MZ.
Schauppii n. sp. N. Y., JZ aegualis n. sp, Ills, AL rufescens n. sp. Nev.
p. 97, M. cinereofasciata n. sp- N. Y- p. 98, AZ. aethiops n- sp. Col., AZ.
texana n. sp. Tex.

Drop the genus Glipa Lec. (G4. hilaris Say. is a Tomowia.) Anaspis luteicincta
Lec. (= sericea Mann.) A. nigriceps Lec, (= rufa Say.)

In Mordella drop irrorata Lec. (= scutellaris Fab.) lineata Melis. (= marginata
Mels); jovalis Lec. (= oculuta Say.) obliqua Lec. (=lunulata Hellm.)

To Mordellistina add dimidiata Hel., biplagiata Hel., intermiata Hel., bipus-
tulata Hel., scalaris Hel., pubescens Fab., bihamata Mels., fuscata Mels., pilyptera
Mels., fuscoatia Hel., AZ angusia Lec., attenuata Say., discolor Mels., cemula Lec.

Drop nigricollis Hel. (= trifasciata Say.) picicornis Lec. and cervicalis Lec.
(both = cumata Lec.) divisa Lec. (= marginalis Say.)

ee

[February 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 73

RECORD ON COLEOPTEROLOGY FOR 1882.
ele

Proc. Am. Ac. Arts and Sciences, 1832, pp. 234—267.
Dr. H. A. Hage:z.

On the Color and the Pattern of Insects.
Quarterly Journ. Bost. Zool. Soc. April 1882,
E, P. Austin.
Collecting Stylopidae. p. 12.
American Naturalist, 1882.
C. V. Riley,
Habits of Cybocephalus, p. 514.

Habits of Polycaon confertus Lec. Myrmecophilous (ant-loving)
Coleoptera, p. 747.
E, A. Schwarz.
Woodboring coleoptera [remarks on some], p. 823:
Mrs. A. E. Bush.
A new museum pest [Perimegatoma variegatum Horn], p. 826.
C. V. Riley.
Species of Otiorhynchid@ injurious to cultivated plants, p. 915.
L. P. Gratacap.
Vitality of Insects in Gases. p. 1018.

Proceedings of the Western N. Y. Horticultural Society.
J. A. Lintner.
A new Principle in Protection from Insect Attack. (Auth. Edit.
pp. 1—I5.)
Canadian Entomologist, (vol. XIV.)
Dr. H. A. Hagen.
The oldest figures of N. A. Insects, [account on Facob Petiver's
Gazophyilacium, Insects from Md. and Car. 1695-17006] p. 11.
J. Geo. Gehring.
Psephenus Lecontet.. [Notes on its occurrence upon stones in
rapids], p. 72.
Ch. R. Dodge.
The Hop. Vine Borer.? (Habits) p. 93.
John Hamilton
Remarks on Agonoderus comma, pallipes, rugicollis and Zachycellus
atrimedtus, p. 104-—106.
Geo. H. Horn.
[On the differences between Cyl/ene pictus and robiniae.| Pp. 24C.
Psyche. (vol. 3.)
H. W. Turner.
Color of the Light emitted by Insects, p. 309.

74 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. February 1883. ]

G. Dimmock. 0
Circulation of blood in the larva of A/ydrophilus (with cut.)

PPI 52 ae 7
Note on Ca/ogenus rufus pp. 341—42.
F. Ht. Snow.

A new Museum Pest, Zrogoverma tarsale Mels. pp. 351—52.
Rerort of the Commissioner of Agriculture for 1881 and 1882.

Cc. V. Riley.
The Rice-grub, (Ch: ae trachypygus Burm.) Habits and nat.
Javisiag |) JOR Watch. ten WIL I
The Water-weevil, (rissa ae Simplex Say.) Ps 1 3Css a Weleweeee
The Corn bill-bug, (Sphenophorus robustus Horm) p. 138,
te WUU GS ie eae ,
The Clover leaf-beetle, (Phyfonomus punctatus Fab.) Do. dgie
ARON ME SOT,

J. HW. Comstock,
Ladybirds, (Cocinelidae) pp. 204-—206, with plate, [Short des-
cription of the early stages of the Pacific coast species],

Bulletin Brocklyn Entom. Society.
EF. G. Schaupp.

Description of the larva of Patrobus longicornis. Say, vol. IV, p. 56.

Description of the larva of Sz/pha americana Lin. vol. V, p. 2.

On the Species of Prerostihi, p. 18.

Remarks on Coleopi.rous pupae, with plate, p, 18.

Biological notes on, and description of the larva of Calosoma

calidum Fab. p-. 33.

Chas. Fuchs.
Synopsis of the Lucanidae of the U.S. with plate and woodcuts.
P. 49-52, 5760.

J.L. Leconte, Mi. D.
Synoptic table of AZyzs Ziegl. p. 63.

Geo. H. Horn, M. D.

Syn. table of Olusthopus Dej, p. 63.

Also the Synoptic tables by Horn and Leconte of Cymindts, Agri-
stus 1V. 43, 44. Blchrus, Tecnofhilus 1V, 53. Philophuga, Eucaerus
IV, 54. Callidr, Huproctus, Onota \V, 55. Badister V.7. Selenophorus
V, 8. Plerostichus V, 15, 16, 23, 24, 31. 32, 39—42. Pogonus, Pa-
trobus 47. Anophthalmus, Trechus 48. Pirigona, Lachnophorus, Luphor-
ticus, 63, Adranus, Pentrgonica, Coptodera, Phlocox-na p. 64.

SS
SOR ae Oli:
Page 69, 9th line: from bottom read Philophuga for Leslee — Page 70,
roth line: In some copies the word pallipes Lec. is not complete. — Pag. 71. 11th line
from bottom and last line read tar'sule for tarsalis. — Page 72, 5th line: read Fab. for

Fa . — 11th line read Anchastus (poor print).

[Februar 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 75

PHYCIODES. Douw0i.

1. P. Harrisii, Scudder. Male: Upperside red fulvous, darker
at base; broad bordets of black, that on secondaries followed inwardly by

a row of fulvous crescents surmounted by black spots; on primaries a

heavy irregular median band of black and a sub-apical patch of same

color; underside of primaries light fulvous with a marginal row of yellow

crescents edged with black, the sub-apical patch and borders of cellular
spots appear through faintly: of secondaries, red-fulvous with a marginal

row of pale yellow crescents, a median and basal row of spots of same
color, all of which are ene.osed by black.

Female same as male. Expanse of S 14% inch, © 116 inch.

New England, New York, Canada.

2. P. Nycteis, Dowtleday. Male: Much the same as the above;

“the black spots on secondaries are followed interiorly by a slight black

‘band; underside of primaries pale yellow-fulvous with apical and margi-
nal patches of silvery white, of secondaries pale yellow, a broad margin
‘of brown extending almost to near apex and enclosing the black spots;
_a basal row of silvery white patches as also an irregular row of marginal

crescents of same color; the median region is also more or less silvered,
Aemale same as male. Expanse of (' 14 to 1 inch., OT Wo 2
inches. England to Colorado, Montana, Texas, Canada.

3. -P. Carlota; eat. J/ale: Upperside much as Nycéers,
but the black markings heavier and fringes checkered heavily with white;

underside of primaries also much like JVycteis, but the ground color is

more reddish and the black markings heavier, of secondaries ground color
brown with silvery white markings, the median band much dentated.
Female, much like male. Expanse of gf! 1$ to 1% inch., Q 1% to
1% inches. Southern & Western States, Rocky Mountains, occasionally
West Virginia.
4. P. Tharos, Drury. Male; Upperside bright fulvous with
black markings rather slight except the borders; underside of primaries

pale fulvous, brown at outer margin except in apical region, the heavy

black, markings appear through, of secondaries paler with slight irrora-
tions of brown and borders of same color,

Female; much the same as male.. Expanse 1+ to 1% inches,

United States excluding Pacific States, New Mexico, British America,

Southern Labrador, Nova Scotia.

76 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM.. SOC. VOL. Y. February 1883. ]

Var: Marcia. W, 1, Edw. The black markings much hea-
vier, especially from median field to base; underside of primaries more

fulvous, secondaries much suffused with brown and mottled with white,

sometimes a large white crescent in center of margin. Expanse same
as Tharos.

5. P. Phaon, W. H. Edw. Male: Upperside, the ground
color paler than in Zaros and black markings heavier, the median band
on primaries yellowish; underside yellow shaded with pale fulvous on
primaries, on which the black markings are very heavy.

Female: like male. Expanse of G1 to 1% inch., Q 14 inches.
Gulf States, Texas, Kansas accasionally.

6. P. Vesta, W. H. Edw. Male: upperside much like var.
Marcia, but the black markings more equally distributed; underside pale
yellow-fulvous, black markings slight.

Female; same as male, but paler. Expanse of Q 1% inch., O
i+ inches. Texas. .

7. Batesii, Reat. Male: Upperside much like Zharos, black
markings very heavy; underside of secondaries uniform pete yellow, with
a sub-marginal row of faint black spots.

Female: \ike male. Expanse of G14 inch., Q 1% a 1% inch.
Virginia to New York.

8. P. Pratensis, Behr. Male: resembles ‘‘Batesii” on the
upperside, but the ground color is paler and the black markings are
slighter; underside pale fulvous, marked and spotted with yellow.

Female: is more heavily marked with black on the upperside, and
the median bands as well as the marginal crescents are mostly pale
yellow; the underside is more prominently marked than in the male.

Expanse of male 1 inch., of female 1% inch. Cal., Or., Ariz.

9. P. Camillus, W. H. Edwards. Male: very close to the
above, the bands and spots on upperside are paler, and the dark markings
on the underside are more pronounced.

Female: same as male. Expanse of male 1% inch., of female 1% to
12 inch. Colorado, Rocky Mountains, Montana, Texas, Kansas.

10. P, Orseis, W. H, Edwards. Male: upperside bright ful-
vous, with heavy black markings; underside pale fulvous and marked like
‘‘Pratensis’, to which both this and the preceding’ species are very closely
allied. The femade is paler, and looks like a dark ‘‘Camillas”.

Expanse of male 14 to 1% inch., of female 1% to 1% inch. Californ,
Sierras, Oregon, Washington Territory.

[February 1883. BULLETIN ‘BRUOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC: VOL. V. 77

Notice of an “Illustrated Essay on the Noctuides
of North America.”

By Co Va KiLey, Nese sei WD:

There has lately been published by John Van Voorst, of London,
Eng., a work by the above title and prepared by Mr. Augustus Radcliffe
Grote. The publisher has done his work most creditably, and given
us four rather highly colored plates of some of our most conspicuous
moths.

The text consists chiefly of second-hand matter, the original source,
with one exception, not being given: while in the few original pages
which adorn the ‘‘Essay” the author has seen fit to vent some of his wrath
against the writer. As the work is particularly addressed to English ento-
mologists among whom I count some warm personal friends, I have con-
cluded to publish a few facts which, though widely known here, may
not be so well known abroad. In doing this it will be unnecessary either
to criticize the loose style or the irrelevant polemics of the prefatory
portion of the volume, or to indulge in its unseemly personality.

Anent the Cotton Worm* Mr. Grote says, (p. 11) that he has
watched this and different species of Noctuidze, ‘‘from the egg to the moth
stage” and then gives his observations which the reader is told are taken
‘from the Alabama Geological Report.” There are several Alabama Geolo-
gical Reports, but the one Mr. Grote refers to is that for 1875, and the na-
tural history, as given in the “‘Essay” (pp. 11—15), is taken bodily there-
from, faults and all, with one important omission. This omission is sig-
nificant in the light of his later writing, because it is the paragraph which
commits him to the theory of the annual dying out of the species in the
United States and its annual importation from’ more Southern countries —
a theory credited to, ‘‘a series of observations in Southern and Central
Alabama”. The theory was, however, fully promulgated long before** and

* Anomis xylina (Say.) or supposed Aletia argillacea Huebn. See remarks,
p- 56 of Genl. Index and Suppl. to the Mo. Entomol. Reports. Mr. Grote has charac-
tererized these remarks as ‘disingenuous’? (New Check List etc. p. 33, note). The
simple facts are that my’ Bahia material, though more closely resembling Huebner’s
figures than Say’s aylina, was yet too poor to permit a positive decision.
** See Thos. Affleck, Am. Agriculturist, 1846, (Vol. 5, p. 342), D. B. Gorham;
De Bow’s Review, 1847, (Vol. 3, p. 535,) and W. J. Burnett, Proc. Bost, Soc. Nat.
Hist. 1854. (Vol. 4, p. 316.)

78 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. February esa]

is untenable, since the species, as I have fully proved* is a permanent
resident of the United States. he natural history as given in the ‘‘Essay”’
is, in the light of recent observations essentially erroneous in ail
respects except where it deals w:th biological platitudes that where equally
trite if applied to hundreds of other species. It furnishes no evidence, and,
indeed, there is no evidence on record, that Mr. Grote ever watched the

development of any species from the egg to the imago; and this is in

keeping with the fact that early in his entomological career, he confessedly —

“abandoned collecting insec!s, even walking carefully so as not to bruise
the golden rods and purple asters that fringed my path’.** So far as
Anomis xylina (Say.) is concerned he has never added a single fact
in relation to its habits not previously recorded, and the above con-
fession, together with the evidence in his writings and his occupation
while a resident of Alabama, all go to show that no serious observations
were ever made by him in the field other than those made in 1878 under
my direction. eR

Similarly misleading is Mr. Grote’s statement that he was editor.

of the Pra-ticul Entomologist ‘‘for the first few numbers to be succeeded
by the late B.D. Walsh’. The article *‘Cawz Bono?” consists of 14 lines,
and the paper was edited by the publication committee of the Entomo-
logical Society of Philadelphia, consisting of three members (Mr. Blake
whom Mr. Grote mentions, not beeing one of them) with Mr. Walsh as
associate editor after the third number.

On p. 18 of the ‘‘Essay” Mr. Grote refers to the “rust” of cotton as
a vegetable parasite, which is another evidence of lack of observation in
the cotton field since the rust is caused by a mite, There is, on the same
page, an insinuation that the injuries by the worm are overestimated by
interested parties. So far as any estimates that I have used are concerned
they are from the statistician of the Department of Agriculture, and I
know of no higher authority. Itis, however, on page 19 that the most
reckless assertions and reflections on myself occur, for they assume the
form of a personal attack that is pitiable. The only case instanced in
justification for the abuse is that the assumed discovery by Mr. Townend
Glover, ‘‘of the attraction presented by the glands of the cotton plant to

* Tn a paper read before the National Academy of Science last May: see also
my Ann Rep. as U. S. Entomologist, 1882, p. 106.

** New Check List of N. A. Moths, p. 5.

[Februar 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 79

the moth, etc.” has been appropriated by mz —— which is simple falsehood.
Mr. Glover figured the glands, but never wrote a word as to the attract.on
of said glands to the moth, and I was not on'y the first to suspect th’s
‘connection, but to prove it by observation and to discuss its bearings.*
As for Mr. Grote’s utterances anent Paris Green, they are simply ludicrous
as opposed to a general experience in this country ‘of nearly a decade.
and while I have nowhere claimed public gratitude as he fasely states, it
is true that such bas been generously expressed by the farming community
for my humble efforts in connection with its safe and efficient; use while
his prejudiced opposition to it has met with derision not only from
farmers and planters but from every other entomoligst who has had _prac-
tical dealings with insects. The closing paper of the volume entitled ‘“‘a
Colony of Butterflies” (which first appeared in the American Naturalist
for March, 1876) has little of originality about ‘t except the style, since
both the facts and the theory had been set forth by Dr. A. S. Packard,
Jr., in 1867** and by Mr. S. H. Scudder in 1874.*** '

It is needless to extend this notice. No one can regret more
than the writer that Mr. Grote should so mar his work or so lay himself
open to deserved criticism |

Washington, D.C., Jan. 10, 1883.

* Atlanta (Ga) Constitution, Sept. 20, 1878, and Scientific American,
Nov. 15, 1878.

** The Insect Fauna of the Summit of Mount Washington as compared with
that of Labrador, (Proc. A. A. A. S.; Vol. XVI, p. 156).

*** Distribution of Insects in New Hampshire (Chapt. XII, Final Report on the
Geol]. of N. H.) ;

$$$)» ——_____

The printing of the article by Prof’ Riley in the present paper is
a departure from the rules of the Bulletin, that no personalities shall be
allowed in its columns. The present departure is made for the following
reasons. 1st. Mr. Grote’s writings are invariably of such a character that
no rejoinder can be made without reference to his unsubstantiated personal
assertions. 2nd. These assertions to which Prof. Riley replies are in an
ephemeral publication and no other method o’ rep'y is pen to him save
through the columns of some other publication and just:ce, fair play and
decency give him the right to a reply somewhere.
. . F. G Schaupp,

80 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. February 1883]

New Mordellidae and Notes.
By John B, Smith.

Among the material recently sent me for determination in this
group were several new species, and several varieties from localities from
which they had not been previously recorded; proving thus that the
species are very widely distributed.

Mordellistena erratica sp. nov. .

Posterior tibia with a single, very oblique ridge, first joint of
posterior tarsi also with a single oblique ridge. Color entirely black:
cuneate; anal style short and truncate. 2mm. Fla.

A single specimen in my collection: this species is curious and
interesting by the structure of the posterior tibiae and tarsi: the subapical
ridge of the tibia is indistinct, and the other ridge very strongly marked
is very like that on the posterior tibia of Glzpodes; the carina along the

dorsal line is wanting however, and the palpi differ from that of the

species of the latter genus, This species should head the list of those
placed in this genus. ‘
Mordellistena tarsalis sp. nov.
Posterior tibia with a single strongly marked oblique ridge en-
tirely crossing the outer face, subapical strongly marked; first joint of
posterior tarsi with /wo oblique ridges, Form stout, cuneate: black;

mouth, margins of thorax and a broad vitta on elytra orange yellow: legs _.

except posterior tibia pale. 1% mm. Texas.

A single specimen in my collection. This species connects the
preceeding with the others of this genus and it should follow immediately
after it in the list.

Mordellistena pratensis sp. nov.
Posterior tibia and first and second joints of posterior tarsi each

with two short oblique ridges: all distinctly marked. Body black, elytra —

golden yellow with fine sericeus pubescence: suture and side margins nar-
rowly fuscous: legs all pale. Length 12 mm, Fla.

A single specimen in my collection differing from all others in
its group by the color of elytra: it should follow in the list immediately
after eleganitulus.

Mordellistena fusco-atra Hel.

Of this species I found a single specimen among my New Jersey
collections: it is the first specimen of the species I have seen and agrees in
all respects with Dr. Helmuth’s description.

a

[February 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 81

Mordellistena splendens nobis.
Of this species I received a specimen with some material sent me
for determination: it agrees in all respects with the type, and was collec—
ted in Pennsylvania: the type is from Illinois, and the only other specimen
known to me is from Florida: the species has thus a very wide range.
ar

Fertile eggs from a dead Arctia virgo.

About the middle of July I captured a © specimen of Arctia
virgo and obtained about a dozen eggs. As the specimen was useless
for the cabinet, having lost halfa wing, I dissected the abdomen and
found about fifty eggs therein, sticking together. Having washed them
with tepid water, I put them in a hatching—box and about twenty young
larvae made their appearance in due time. Could the same thing not be

done, when capturing a poor 9 ofa rare species?
F. G. Schaupp.

ee

Habitat of Melitaea Colon and M. Perdiccas, W. H. Edw.

In reference to the locality where the two above species were taken
by Mr. H. K. Morrison in 1880, I beg to correct an error made by the
author. Mr, Edwards states that both species were taken at Mount
Hood, Oregon, see Papilio Vol. I, No. 4, p, 45 and 46, Mr. Morrison
sent them to me as found in Washington Territory, and on my writing
him on the subject he replied that they were not taken in Oregon, but as
follows: ‘‘Melitama colon is found on the bluffs of the Columbia river, at
“Kalama, and other points in Western Washington Territory. Melitaea
“Perdiccas is found on the little prairies, of which there are a good many
“in Western Washington Territory, near the coast; I got it at Tenino near
“prairies.” “To collectors who make a record of localities of species this
may be of interest.

February 1880. Fred. ‘Tepper.
oe? 2+
A lost locality.

In the suburbs of Brooklyn there was a small pond about 300 feet
long and one hundred broad, the only locality, where we used to find
Lophoglossus strenuus Lec. under stones at the edge of the water: this pond
has been laid dry and although several other small ponds are very close,
yet not a single specimen of Lophog/ossus has been found during the last
two years, in spite of careful researches. Chas. Fuchs.

82 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. February 1883.]

Collecting Noctuide in day time.
By John B, Smith. ee

Some of the moths which I have always taken in aibuitatll ee and
which I considered rather common, seem to be very poorly represented
in other collections, and from the statements of the time and place of
the capture of specimens I find that they were only accidental captures
and not the result of systematic search. cr

The term Noctuidae and the general statement that moths fly only
at night seem to have misled many, and to have prevented their searching
in the day; yet of those species that appear after midsummer a veiy large
proportion can be found during the day. The golden ro] especially is
productive: I have in one afterncon taken fifty or even more Agrotis
piiveh ‘ous, and an even larger number of A. sudgothica, with its varieties,
tricosa and herelis, A. cland-stina was more occasionally found, and Ae
redimicula, was found-at the general rate of one a day. A. messorva, I
have found in similar situations. dgrots mugaenula, A. Bostoniensis and
A. scandens 1 have of ten found: 4. iadioria with its strong robust body
and short wings, I never found elsewhere. Several others, and’ nearly
all good species I have found in the same places: I never pass a clump
of golden rods without careful examination: several species of Wamestra
and Hadena are more occasionally found. Heliothis armiger is common,
and I have taken some very pretty varieties: MNephelodes violans and WN.
mimans I have also caught, flying rapidly and somewhat after the
manner of some Sphimgidae. Three species of Pluszz are abundant, and
some of the Deiéoids occasionally settle on it. Few of the enumerated
species are found in the morning but from 1 P. M. when the sun is
strongest until the twilight appears, its pays to collect.

Some of the Zygenidae are also to be found: Lecomorpha Phales
Ctenucha Virginica, Harrisina Americana and Scepsis fulvicollis, 1 have
found the latter no where else. In early evening Clematis should be
examined, Sphingidae and many (Wocfuids and some of the Arcfians fre—
quent it. After dark the lantern goes to the golden rod and flowers of the
milk weed: to the latter Geometridae are attracted: I have seen six or
more on a single clump of flowers.

In fine all flowers should be carefully examined ue Hine ger
mee good specs will repay the toil eepohded.

——_1 2 e@ »>—___

[February 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 83

On the occurence of Amphicoma.

Extract from a letter.

I found*Ainphicoma [Dasydera} ursina Lec,, which has always been
very tare, ‘last year'in numbers from June 17th to June 30th on one of the
large sand Dunes west of San Francisco, within a mile of the Ocean beach.
I visited the place three times and found that up to 10 a. m., whilst the
cold, foggy wind was blowing, but few were visible,a few were caught squat-
tirg on the sand. — When the wind lowered somewhat and the sun came
out, dozens of them made their appearance, flying very low over the
long, flat expanse of perfectly clean sand. —

Their flight, like that of various Sphingidz consisted of very rapid
darts: sometimes, however, they would fly in a long straight line, but
always with great rapidity and from six to ten inches above the sand. —
Though armed with a long-handled net, I found them difficult to cap-
ture. — Several times I caught a female pursued by two males. — Several
times when captured on the sand they would endeavor to bury themselves
out of sight. — Have always considered this insect rather rare, and think
the fact of seeing upward of a hundred of them ina single locality, the
result of a successful brood rather than owing to eny general abundance
of the same. — On Julv 16th I visited the place again and found but
one specimen alive, though numerous remains of others were visible, and
seemed to indicate that the season, for this species, was over.

Ban ee ickSecker:

Exactly under the same circumstances Amphicoma (Lichnanthe)
Jupina Lec. has been found several years on the sand in Coney Island
during the month of June, either creeping on the wet sand near the
water marks or dead about half a mile distant from tne sea, A few years
ago I found 50 dead but perfect specimens nicely dried by the sun on a
small sandhill.

The time of their appearance is very limited, about two weeks in
June; and just as limited is the special locality, on the shore near the
Ocean Hotel, a few hundred feet long, where the live specimens were
found and the dead ones just behind that part of the shore, driven up the
low sandhills by the wind.

I have been on Coney Island to look for them about fifty times,
but succeeded only five times to secure them.

I always considered these handsome coleoptera driven by the wind
from the Jersey coast, as they were usually found after a heavy storm from
Southwest — but it is still possible, that they are indigenous to the Island.

F. G. Schaupp.

84. ‘ BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENDOM. SOC. VOL. V. February 1883]

HARPALUS CALIGINOSUS =

WITH DETAILS
BY

H. G. HORN, M. D.

Antene;

. Mandible;

Labrum;

. Ligula;

Paraglossz;

Labial palpus;

. Maxilla, inner lobe,
‘a outer lobe;

Maxillary palpus;

. Mentum;

Gene;

. Gula, with the gular sutures;

. Buccal fissure;

. Ventral segments.

S2ER RE e SE Soe

. Prosternum;

. Prosternal episternum;

. Prosternal epimeron;

. Coxal cavity, closed behind;
. Inflexed side of pronotum;
. Mesosternum.

. Mesosternal episternum;

. Mesosternal epimeron;

. Metasternum ;

. Antecoxal piece;

. Metasternal episternum;

. Metasternal epimeron;

. Inflexed side of elytron;

. Ambulatorial setze;

. Trochanters;

. Posterior coxz.

. Femora; _

. Tibie;

. Tarsi.

=

—
Noe

aC

iis
f
(|

19-—~
j

ee
coun OU BW

o—m~
rl
\o

It affords us great pleasure to present to the Coleopterists among
our readers the above cut, which we owe to the kindness of Dr. Horn.
The same figure has been prepared for Dr. Leconte and Horn’s new

Classification of Coleoptera which will be issued in about a month,
FG:

[March 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC, VOL. Y. 85

PHYCIODES. Dowdl.

11. P. Mylitta, WH Ldwards, Male: upperside fulvous
with black markings slight; the underside is very much like ‘‘Tharos, var
Marcia.”

Female: like male, with the ground color generally paler.

Expanse of ma/e 1 inch., of female 1% to 13 inches. California,
Arizona, Washington Territory.

12. P. Montana, 2ezr. Upperside close to ‘‘Vesta”, black
markings somewhat heavier ; underside pale yellow fulvous. secondaries
paler and marked like ,, Batesii”.

Expanse 1% inch. California, Sierras, Lake Tahoe.

18. PF. Picta, W. H. Edwards. Male: upperside resembles
‘‘Phaon” very closely ; underside of primaries fulvous in the median
field ; base, costa, apex and outer margin pale yellow, black markings
prominent ; of secondaries pale yellow, immaculate.

Expanse about 1 inch. Colorado, Nebraska, Arizona.

14. P. Canace, W. H. Edwards. Upperside fuscous, marked
and spotted with fulvous, as in /on/ana, Behr; the third band from hind
margin rather yellowish. Secondaries wholly pale ochraceous, a sub-mar-
ginal row of brown dots, obsolete beyond middle of disc.

Beneath much like ‘Bafes’ Reak., but wants the reticulations
which ornament that species,

Expanse 1.3 inch. ad. So. Cal.

rrp <i

Synopses of Butterflies.

With this number we continue our synopsis of the butterflies in a
somewhat different form from that heretofore adopted ; we shall present in
a tabular form the chief differences between the species in such manner as
will most readily enable the student to place an insect new to him if he
can assign a generic location to his species. The genera will be briefly de-
scribed having regard more to their most evident superficial character that
the scientific limitation.

Followings the synopsis there will be in each case a Bibliography of the
species, which there will follow in the order to be adopted for the Cabinet
arrangement. The Bibliography is not intended to be complete ; we shall
give the place of original description, the work in which the species was
referred to the genus in which it is here placed and if possible some po-
pular and well known work where it is figured will be cited. For a full

86 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. _ March 1883. ]

Bibliography we must refer the student to the catalogues of Messrs.
W. H. Edwards and Hermann Strecker. Reference to a work in which
the larva of each species has been described is given where the larva is
known, with the name of the food plant where known: works such as
Harris’ Insects Injurions to Vegetation (Flint’s Edition) are cited as much
as possible because best know. We shall also give in most cases a brief
note to the species giving its principal characteristics in additon to those
indicated in the synopsis and variations will be here noted and the view of
whoever may be the author of the synopsis as to the validity of the species,
variety or the generic reference will be there given. .

We hope in this way to enhance the value of the synopsis to Lepi-
dopterists and to give them in brief the results usually only obtained by
reading long descriptions, John B. Smith, Editor.

0 eS
VANESSA, Fabr.

In this as in the allied genera the body is robust and clothed with
rather thin long vestiture; the abdomen is short: palpi oblique well exceed-
ing the head and lengthily fringed: antenne with an elongate, obtusely
terminate and slightly flattened club. The anterior legs are as in the
others of this group imperfectly developed. W ings angulate; primaries pro-
duced at outer margin one third from apex and slightly so near hind
angle; fringes between, dentate; secondaries with a.short tail-like prolon-
gation at middle of outer margin. lhe usual groove for the reception of
the abdomen.

The wings beneath are destitute of silvery marks or characters and
the species are thus readily distinguished from Grafia.

They may be known as follows:

Wings dark brown with a yellow or buff border................ Antiopa.
Wings tawny or yellowish red with a black border: three

black costal and two central spots on primaries............ Californica-
Wings dark brown with a broad yellow red subterminal ;

band on both and two reddish costal spots on primaries........ Milberti.

WV. Antiopa, L. Bad. Lec. 173; Harr. 2096, fig. 121 : Var Lintnerii Fitch
3rd Rep. N. Y. Agr. Soc. 211.

The Lizfnera variety has the marginal yellow band much wider some-
times extending to nearly the middle of the wings and always lacks the
blue spots which in the normal form/follow the buff yellow band inwardly.
It is an abberation rather than a variety and is found only occassionally.
The caterpillar is well known and has been figured and described by
Harris. It feeds on willow, poplar and elm.

Expands 3 to 33 inches. Haé. Europe and America.

[March 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENYVOM. SOC. VOL. V. 87

W. Califormica, Bd. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 2, 10, 306.

Easily distinguished by the reddish wings bordered with black. The
caterpillar has been described by Dr. Behrand Mr. Hy. Edwards in the
Ibnoca Cale Ac, Na Sc

Expands 2 to 3 inches. ad. Cal., Or., Col.

WV. Milberti, Gdt. Bd. Lec. 187 pl. 50, Harr. 302, fig. 125, fureillata,
Say. Ann. Ent. 2, pl. 27.

Distinguished from both the preceeding by the broad transverse
buff band crossing both wings. Harris describes the caterpillar as common
on the nettle (p. 303):

Expands 2 to 2% inches, Aad. No. and Nw. U. S., Can. Nov. Sc.

PYRAMEIS, /Z3.
This genus very closely resembles Vanessa in superficial appear-
ance,, but the wings are never angulate. The ornamentation of secon-
daries beneath tends to become ocellate, and in most of the species is so.
They can be separated as follows.
Ground color of wings black or smoky.
Secondaries with a yellow outer margin; primaries with an
* oblique fulvous band from costa near base to hind angle;
SavErall VylalliS SOCUS MOAI BWR. occ nacdoaeansocdsuousonae, Atalanta.
Ground color of wings tawny or reddish.
Secondaries beneath with several small ocellate spots near outer margin.
Primaries with a narrow black band entirely crossing middle
OfsGiscalycellentwag, twas | - -.. opeameenneas Nat act ive lrataen ay Ack Mee eHas Carye,
Primaries without the black band in discal cell but a black
spot from upper and lower boundary approaching but
never joing to formacomplete band........................ Cardui
Secondaries beneath with two large ocellate spots near outer :

SA SAU are cane gis ec es RT © y's cy ie eer Oe Bart RE PO Huntera.
P. Atlanta, L. Syst. Nat. Ed. X. p. 478 (Papilio) Hb. Verz. 33, (Pyra-
meis) ; Harr. 294, f. 120.

Well known as the Admiral Butterfly in both Europe and America,
and unique by the/bright reddish complete band obliquely crossing the
primaries, and by the paler fulvous outer margin of secondaries.

The larva is well known and has been often figured and described.
(Harris 294). It feeds on nettles and hops.

The butterfly is widely spread and is found throughout Europe,
America and No. Africa. Expands 2 to 3 inches.

P. Cardui, L. Syst. Nat. X, p. 475, (Papilio) Doub. and Hew. Gen.
biur. Lep. 1; 205, (Pyrameis) Harr. 291 f. 118.

This and the two following species have one general style of marking
above : The apex is black and contains a submarginal row of white spots
and a longer white dash beginning on costa 4 from apex and extending

coh) BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. March 1883]

obliquely 3 the distance to the outer margin. The discal cell is more or
less maculate with black and there are a number of black angular blotches
so arranged as to form an interrupted oblique band from the costa near
base to the inner margin near hind angle: the outer margin narrowly
black: Secondaries with a row of small ocellate black spots near outer
margin.

The larvae (Harris 291) are found on the thistie, sunflower, holly-
hock, burdock and other rough leaved plants. Expands 2 to 3 inches.
Hab. America and Europe.

P. Carye, Hb. Sam. Ex. Schm. I, (Hamadryas) Doub. and Hew. Gen. ~

Diur. Lep. 1, 205, (Pyrameis).

Differs from the preceeding by the more dull color of the wings
which never have the roseate tinge almost universally present in Cardwi,
by the smaller size, and by the complete black band crossing the middle
of discal cell of primaries. i

The iarva is described by Mr. Hy. Edwards (Proc. Cal. Ac. WV. Se.
IT, 725) and feeds on Malvaceae and Urtica. Expands 2 inch. fad.
Cal., Nev., Ariz. and Mexico.

P. Mumtera, Fab. Syst. Ent, 499, (Papilio) Doub. and Hew. Gen. Diur.

Lep. 1, 205; Harr. 292 f. 119.

Resembles the preceeding but is evidently distinct from it and all
others in this genus by having only two very large ocellate spots near
hind margin of secondaries beneath. ‘The caterpillar resembles that of
Cardui and feeds on the same plants. (Harris 292). Expands 2 to 3
inches. Had. Can., N. S., Mex. and Centr. Am.

JUNONIA Doub.

The generic characters are much as in Vanessa but the primaries are
not at all angulated and but slightly excavated below tip. The club of
the antenne is shorter broader and much more flattened. The only
species is:

J. lavimia, Cram. Sm. Abb. 1 pl. 8; Harr. 293.
Wings smoky; primaries with a large ocellate black spot centred with blue
near middle of margin; two reddish spots in discal cell and an oblique white band from
costa toward but not reaching the outer margin. Secondaries with 2 large ocellate spots

near margin and a narrow reddish subterminal band. Beneath pale: ocellate spot of
primaries reproduced. Secondaries with 2 small ocellate spots.

The species found here is generally considered to be the variety coenza
and not the typical /aviza.
Expands 2 to 24 inches. Had. Mid. and So. Sts,

[April 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. 89

Collecting on the shores of Long Island Sound.

I have devoted considerable time to collecting Lepidoptera on the
shores of the Sound in the neighborhood of Glencove, L. I., and wish
here to give a short record of my experience. One would imagine that
the shore, where but few trees and only a scanty growth of vegitation in
general are found, would be a very barren and unpromising field, ento—
mologically speaking in our branch. This was my impression when first
visiting the spot. Nothing but sand, reed grass, and small stunted plants
are open to view. ‘The place however had a great attraction and charm
for me, the placid waters of the Sound studded here and there with white
sails, and the opposite shores of Connecticut standing out in bold relief
against the summer skies, presenting a picture worthy of an artists’ study.
A number of years ago I had the opportunity to spend an entire season
at Glencove, and almost every day would find me taking my accustomed
walk along the shore. But my ideas that it was a poor collecting place
were son dispelled, and my interest in the locality naturally only in-
creased.

The first insect that attracted my attention was ‘‘Syneda Graphica,
Huebn.” ; the first brood of this little beauty, which, as far as my obser—
vations go, is the more numerous, appears from the beginning to middle
of May, and the second one beginning of August ; they take refuge under
a little plant which grows close to the ground, but are easily disturbed,
when off they go in a wild flight, and it requires some experience to
follow them successfully ; when settling on the ground after flight, they
run a short distance and seem to take delight in basking in the sun before
setthng down again. I have taken as many aS 30 to 40 specimens in
an hour. —

Towards end of May on the salt meadows adjoining the shore
-‘Doriodes acutaria H. S.” can be taken, sometimes in numbers; their
flight is slow and heavy and they are consequently easily captured.

At about the same time, say on May 20, 1877, I found in this
locality two specimens of a new Leucania, ‘‘L. Flabilis, Grote’, but have
not been fortunate enough to find it again.

Later on again, in the beginning of July, ‘‘Oncocnemis Riparia,
Morr,” makes its appearance ; this species I have also found in August.
As mentioned in a previous not2 in the Bulletin, the capture of this insect
is O interest, because all the other species of this genus seem to inhabit
mountainous districts ; as I have taken ‘‘Riparia” in the same locality
for a number of years, it would appear that it is indigenous to the place,
and was not wafted thither by chance.

a.

nO BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. April 1883.]

Another interesting capture which I made here is ‘‘Plusia Octo-
scripta, Sanborn”, a species I believe not often met with in the low-lands ;
this specimen was taken on August 23d, 1874.

In August I found ‘‘Omnatostola Lintneri, Grote”, hidden, the
same as “‘O. Riparia’, in the crevices of the few bathing houses that dot
the beach; this would seem to be an exceedingly local species, as I have
not heard of its being taken any where else.

In August also I took ‘‘Agrotis Geniculata, G. & R.” quite a rare
species. About the middle of September ‘‘Heliothis Spinosae, Guen.”,
a beautiful little insect, can be found in the same localities in which ‘‘S.
Graphica” abounds. At the same time ‘‘Agrotis pitychrous, Grote”
and ‘‘Agrotis Muraenula, G. & R.” are on the wing and can be taken
in numbers ; these species frequent the flowers of the golden rod which
skirt the meadows. 5

My work in this locality was confined to day collecting, but I feel
assured that good results would be obtained from an attempt at sugaring,
and I intend to make the trial the first opportunity I get.

In conclusion I would mention thit the last specimen of ‘‘Pieris
Protodice” Bd. L., a species which about 20 years ago was almost as
abundant as ‘“P. rapae L.” is now, but which this latter species seems to
have entirely displaced, was taken in this same locality, on the shores

of Long Island sound. March 23, 1883, Fred. Tepper.
’ 7 2+ or

A new Collecting ground.

In the fall of last year two Ca/socalas which proved to be C. Unyuga
Walker, were taken in mid—ocean, off the coast of Newfoundland aboard
a steamer on its way to Europe. My friend Mr. Snellen kindly presented
me with oneofthem. Entomologists on their way to Europe should
not forget when leaving land behind them to continue their vocation
till they reach ¢erra@ firma on the other side of the big pond, seeing that
species can there be caught which are not so common evenin the woods.

A.W, P. Cramer.
b> ae

Note on the Habits of Amphicoma vulpina.

During many years collecting I have met occasional specimens of
Amphicoma vulpina in this locality (Lowell, Mass.) sometimes flying but
oftener clinging to tall grass. Two years ago last summer early in July
I noticed them flying as observed by Mr. Ricksecker of A. ursina, in con-
siderable numbers at five o'clock A. M. overa low sandy tract bordering
the Merrimac River under the shade of trees and I suspect that it will be
found that other species are equally early risers. Fred, Blanchard.

IPE TOave@ry yy.

Blanchard, Fred.
Note on the habits of Amphicoma vulpind............- Rea vac sit tatht arieaae vet 90

Cramer, G. W. P.
A new Collecting-ground... -.——<..... Se Oe OO ORE IGE Dee eee rs 90

Fuchs, Chas.

Synopsis of the Lucanidae of the U.S.......-. PUA NN Ae Seas ta 49, 57

(Amos tHlocailitiyiey ayaa aeee as si) - 8a + Te PHA Oe eatin alFed Ant SOO 81
Horn, Geo. H., M. D.

Synoptic table of Olistophus Dej-.... 0. 22.02 22652 bee ne encore 63

Harpalus caliginosus [Woodeut with details]....................0.-.--- 84

Hulst, Geo. D.

Sesia Syringae Harry. (with plate)............. ic ee Oho IE ee NE Set EIEN Wy
Leconte, J. L., M. D.

Synoptic table of Myas Ziegler.
Ricksecker, E. J.

On the occurrence of Amphiconu [wrsina]............2 22.220... 0 es 83
Riley, C. V., M. A., Ph. D.

Notice of ‘‘An illustrated Essay on the Noctuidae of N. A.”............ 17
Schaupp, F. G.

Description of the larva of Silpha americand..........+.....++- eee eee 2

@nithe:species of Pierosichus, Bon. . Ways as es ees a)

Remarks on some Coleopterous pupae [with plate]................. oe) galt

Coillecti@imsnotes ladon: odo Geum HED. 6 6.2 06 6 We Gin Ree Bee cm eoO miominia ose 26

Biological notes on, and description of the larva of Calosomacalidum Fab. 33
Record of the Coleopterology of the U. 8. for the year 1882............. 69
Fertile eggs from a dead Arctia virgo...... 0.2.2.8 ee eee ee eee 81
On the occurrence of Amphicoma [lupind]...........6.. 0. cee eee 83

Smith, John B.

Synopsis of the Noctuidae...................: Pe AcE B}, Mali aS). ey
RVotes toqhhe sy mOPsisn ac. |. 25. =. .’esmemeecctas a ° PR for 29, 35, 48, 53
ColeopucrologicalyNotes ys saa sc... - - ‘reine teledctete ai) ors) syst ols ere icles 25

Neva NOGHUIG SuamideNOLesie ysis so.) =n Meee nucle cede) cialis uals Gucsel/s Vallone leas j= 67

INDEX.
New, Mordellidaerand iNotest)): Scene a8 Po eva Alene eee 80
Collectine Noetinidare am Malan bine a aemee ett eye) 2 ee eae eae 82
Synopses of Butterflies cece On UL OR eae AS org
Tepper, Fred.
Descriptions of new Moths (with plate)................... Bes es 65 >
Habitat of Melitaea Colon & M. Perdiccas W. H. Edw... ...............- 81
Collecting on the shores of Long Island Sound........................ 89

Syne ptic) Dalles:

SLEPAN(G HUS( CS) ic) Nord Aaa in een ea a ar 7 Eaphoxrticis) spas: ae soe eee 63
Selenopmoruse serie arae iste 8 IAELATIUS 2 3). 0.0 cca ee ee eee 64
Pterostichus..)...... 15, 23, ail, se) Pentagonica.......... Pom ayacG 64
POSOMUSH ay ever nin da lon « 47 Woptoderayeaee ei Ps aS 64
RatTOWUSH new kite ka slones neste OAT IPhloecoxena. 3.5.0 Monon ere 64
Anophthalmuss elec. ose 6 48 HeTGAMUs).)5 222). qs ks eee 48, 57
MICS Mee Hens cgatyeeheiauieytts thier. 4§ Melitaea,.../22.% 3 oi eee ene 61
TESA te ala pr gan 1 AN NS G3) me Liclocesti ee Peaescdasse: 1a, Sh
OMISHOWUS ee eel deere ytelsee es GSPN ATLESSA.. . . ).)i..lae eee eee 86
A ORIG OMAR i whelaen eer eer she tae 63) MePyrameis... 0... cane 87
iFachWoploruss=sesracsee see 63 JUMODLA. |. oh... 2 ee eRe 88

Also 12 pages of Explanations of terms (concluded.)
sen pe ae

Carrections.

The pages of Smith’s synopsis of Noctuidae are wrongly paginated after 19
it ought to read 20 and 21 not 14 and 15, and pages 33, 34, 35 and 36 should read
35, 36, 37 and 38.

p. 70 For Canthridus read Canthydrus.
p. 71 For H. J. Jayne read H. F. Jayne.
p. 72 E. Hornii is = dimidiatus Lee.
C. Lecontei is = praeses Cand.
For E. elegans read C. elegans.
For Mecomyctes read Mecomycter.
For 8. Gorham read H. 5S. Gorham.
After Cymatodera texana n. sp. Tex. p. add 134.
p. 81. 9th line from bottom read February 1883, instead of 1880.
p. 84 The name on top of figure of Harpalus calaginosus is of course not
H. G. Horn, but G. H. Horn.

Hrooklon Gntomological
SOCIETY.

VOLUME VI.

BROOKLYN, N. Y.

MAY 1883 2. =e APRIL 1884.

oes ye 4 1 i SNe i
CMA ICR Ab Ms AL To fl Ms Meche
OF THE

HArooklyn Entomological Society.

VOL. Vi. BROOKLYN, MAY, 1883. No! a

SALUTATORY-~

Some ten years since there was formed in the City of Brooklyn,
N Y., the ‘Brooklyn Entomological Society” composed of most of the
Entomologists:of Brooklyn, New York, and its vicinity.

In 1878 the society felt itself strong enough to begin the publica-
tion of a “Bulletin” designed to perpetuate the observations of its mem-
bers, to make known to others the results of their studies and also to
gather together the descriptions and synopses of the genera and species
of both Coleoptera and Lepidoptera for their own, and for the information
of others.

These aims have been kept constantly in view and the publication
has been continued to date, and No. 1, of the 6th Volume is now
presented to you. It has steadily increased in favor and has gradually
enlarged its list of subscribers so that the society which is now probably
the strongest in point of numbers of any of its kind in the United States
has concluded to enlarge it to 12 pages per number, each number having
heretofore consisted of eight pages, the subscription price to remain as
heretofore one dollar per volume.

They desire also to increase the value of the publication by giving
more plates or illustrations than they have heretofore been able to give,
and to this end they desire the support of every Entomologist and Natura-

list in America — or elsewhere.
4

2 BULLEWVIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOU. VOL. VI. May 1853. ]

We believe it to be matter of great difficulty if not impossible to
find any publication which in the same space and for the same price gives
so much valuable matter, and the success that our little ‘‘Bulletin” has
heretofore had encourages us to believe that our future efforts to give four
pages additional of equally valuable matter with each number will meet
with the cordial support of all peisons interested in the progress of Ento-
mology. We do not expect nor desire to make money by its publication,
but simply to pay expenses: we ask no donations nor gifts, but simply a
subscription for which we will give you such value in the way of Entomo-
logical information as lies in our power.

In this volume we shall have in an early number a synopsis
of the Cicindelidae of boreal America, with four colored plates illu-
strating all the species; we shall probably complete our synopsis
of the carabid genera, and shall have many articles on Coleopterous
larvae and how they may be found and raised. We shall continue
our synopses of diurnal Lepidoptera and shall probably have a synop-
sis of the De/fordue. Descriptions of new species and articles of general
interest besides the usual notes and notices will be also given and the
attempt will be made to render the ‘‘Bulletin” valuable not only to
the advanced student, but to the beginner first seeking for light in our
favorite science.

The Bulletin will not be the organ of any one person, but will
have contributions from well known Entomologists, and will also publish
any notes, records of captures, curious experiences &c. of general interest,
which may be sent in by our subscribers.

We do now respectfully ask your continued subscription to our
“Bulletin” in aid of this work : we sincerely believe that you will have
no reason to regret any aid you may thus furnish.

Please send in the subscription price, $1.00 to the ‘‘Brooklyn
Entomological Society” Box go, Station W., Brooklyn N. Y. Money
orders should be made payable to the society at Brooklyn N, Y.

Brooklyn, May 1883. The Publication Committee of the
Brooklyn Entomological Society.

[May 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 3

Mordellidae, Notes and Descriptions.

By John B. Smith,

Mr. Henry Ulke of Washington has recently sent me for determina-
tion an exceedingly interesting little lot of A/ordelhdae, among them a
few new species unique in the arrangement of the tibial ridges: the insects
are as follows.

Anaspis militarig nobis. No. 1; from California: this is the
second specimen I have seen, and it differs from the type in the paler
color and the much larger and less distinctly outlined humeral spots.

Mordelia carinata sp. nov. Form robust, anal style slender ;
last joint of maxillary palpi scalene triangular: posterior tibia with a
subapical ridge as usual in this genus, and with a carina along the dorsal
line extending the full length of the tibia, Black: Thorax pubescent
with three large black spots: Elytra with an indistinct rufous humeral lu-
nule ; two spots of whitish pubescence on each elytron near middle, and
a narrow band of smilar pubescence near apex : beneath, pectus and
margins of abdominal segments pubescent. 5 mm. Aad. Florida, Tex.
La, Several specimens.

‘This species is interesting because of the carina on the dorsal line
of the posterior tibia, which allies it closely with Gdpodes from which
however it differs in the finely granulate eyes. Mr. Ulke’s number is 2.

Mordella flaviventris sp. nov. Form slender ; anal style elongate
palpi and posterior tibia as in the preceeding : first joint of posterior tarsi
also with a subapical ridge and dorsal carina. Black ; head and thorax
yellow, the latter sometimes black on disc: elytra with a transverse spot
before, and another behind the middle, yellow, the posterior paler. An-
terior and middle legs and posterior tarsi fulvous, as are also the last dorsal
and ventral segment except the base of the anal style 4 mm. Aad.
Texas and Florida. 2 specimens.

A very pretty species and very readily distinguished, not only by
the tibial and tarsal ridges but also by the maculation of the upper side
which somewhat resembles that of JZ discoidea. Mr. Ulke’s numbers are
Brand 4:

Mordellistena bicinctella Lec. Nos. 5 and 6 (Texas) and 23
(Dist. Col.) I had previously seen only one specimen, Dr. Leconte’s type.
The species appears to be exceedingly variable and the specimens are all
more or less different from the type while doubtlessly referable only to
this species.

5 has the elytral bands pale yellow, and the thorax entirely black ;

4 BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VI. May 1883-]

6 has the elytral bands more reddish and the thorax yellowish red
with a darker cloud at base:

23 lacks the eivtral bands entirely and has the anterior half of
thorax red and the posterior half black : this latter is an extreme variation,
but is I believe a variation merely. It would be interesting to get a large
series of this species with the view of finding the range of color variation.

Mordellistena aspersa Mels, No. 7 San Diego, Cal. Our most
common form varying in the color of the head and anterior legs and in
the depth of the black on the upper surface which in the specimen before
me is intense and somewhat shining.

Mordellistena cequalis nobis. No. 8 California. The second
specimen I have seen and it agrees in all respects with the type from
No. Ills.

Mordellistena conformis sp. nov. Posterior tibia with ¢Aree first
joint of posterior tarsi with four second with ¢hree oblique ridges, Body
and elytra black, head and thorax rufous. 6 mim. Had, Texas,

This adds another to those species in which the head and thorax
are wholly or partly red or yellow and the elytra and body are black. The
tibial and tarsal ridges are exactly as in JZ, aeguahs, and it is possible
though not probable that at some future time this will be accounted only
a variety of the preceeding. As species go now this is entitled to rank
as such. 2 specimens ; Numbered 9 and Io.

Mordellistena comata Lec. No. 11 Florida. This specimen is like
the type of comatza ; the pubescence is pale and the color of the head and
thorax is of a pale brick red. JZ, picicornis and MZ. cervicalis which J have
referred as synonyms of this species have the pubescence darker and the
red of the thorax more intense.

Mordellistena morula Lec. No. 12, D.C. and 18 Col. These
specimens have the pubescence paler than any I have heretofore seen.

Mordellistena hirticula sp. nov. Posterior tibia with /aree, first
joint of posterior tarsi with ‘zree second with /zo oblique ridges: Body
black, elytra fuscous, densely covered with pale cinerous pubescence, ex-
cept a scutellar space, a narrow median and a somewhat broader subapical
fascia which are naked ; the median fascia in one of the specimens is in-
complete: Beneath the body is clothed with rather coarse and long hair.
3%to4mm. Texas. La. 2 specimens. 14 and 15.

Obviously distinct from all the other species by the arrangement of a

the pubescence and markings.

[May 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 5

- .. Mordellistena rufescens nobis No. 16 La Agrees in all respects
with the type in Dr. Horn’s Collection.

Mordellistena unicolor Lec. No. 17 Dac. This is a pale form of
the species which varies from black to pale yellow : I suceeded last season
in collecting a goodly series showing many varicties.

Mordella immaculata sp. nov. Terminal joint of maxillary palpi
broad, securiiurm ; Slender ; entirely black suture narrowly clothed with
white pubescence, else immaculate, 6mm. Had. D.C. No. 19.

This species is the most slender of those in this genus and is
readily distinguished from the others by this character. The form of palpi
allies it most nearly to zsu/ata.

Mordellistena aethiops nobis, No. 28 & 29 Col. Neb. Agree in
all respects with my types. 4

Mordellistena aemula Lec. No. 22 Kansas. ‘The second specimen
I have seen. MJeadily recognized by its large size and mottled elytra,

Mordellistena suturella Hel. Nos. 25 & 26, Col. & D.C. These
are the first specimens of the species I have seen. ‘The tarsal ridges seem
indistinct, and I at first thonght the specimens to be aethiops, but the
sutural and marginal pubescence may be relied upon to seperate the two
by superficial examination.

ei

SYNOPSES OF BUTTERFLIES.
Limenitis, Fabr.
Head narrower than thorax ; eyes large prominent ; palpi moder-
ate, a little longer than the head ; last joint much shorter than the pre-
ceeding, obtuse ; antennze nearly as long as the body, insensibly enlarg-

ing into an elongate club ; wings wide, always destitute of ocelli or tail-
like prolongation.

Wings fulvous with black nervures.................. Rene Rios Rie misippus.
Wings black.
DMitioutewinite oamdvan wings... . .RemMpee maese ct. des losis cles sncie assist ursula,
With white transverse band on primaries; faint.............. var proserpina,.

With white transverse band complete on both wings.
A submarginal row of blue lunules followed by a row of
rounded fulvous spots on primaries....................04. var arthemis.
A submarginal row of white lunules on primaries; fulvous

SPOESRW ANIL ss. th ota. . SME aelyh inet. 2). cs Weidemeyerii.
Transverse bands with a yellowish tinge, apex and outer
Margimpniecaryytochind angle fulowsmees.5.4.....6.-0 2+ so. Lorquini,

6 BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VI. May 1883.]

1. MWisippus Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. Reg. p. 264 (/apilio) ; Fabr. Syst.
Ent, 481 (Limenitis) ; Harris fig. 109, Disippus, Godt.

Upper side fulvous with edges and nerves black ; outer edge of
black containing row of white lunules. A white spot $ up costal band
of forewing and 3 or 4 ina black triangular space 3 up costa. Hind wings
with narrow black band from inner to anal margin beyond middle ;
Under side fulvous paler on tip of fore and on hind wings. ‘Two rows of
white Junules in outer edge of black, the outer smallest. Antennze black,
palpi black white in front, body black with lateral white. Larva on wil--
low, ({arris 208).

Expands 3 to 32 inch. U.S. East of Rocky Mts.

Var. Floridensis. Strecker, Butt. and Moths N. A. p. 143; Eros, Edw.

Ground color much darker:same below as above; an edging of
white spots to black median band on secondaries beneath,

A knowledge of Mr. Strecker’s types shows his flor7densiy and Mr.
Edwards eros to be the same. It is undoubtedly a variety of mzsippus.
Florida.

Var. Obsoleta, Edw. Pap. II, p. 22.

Same as misippus, but with the white spots within black band

beneath on secondaries. Arizona, Long Island.
Var. Hulstii, Edw. Pap. Il, p. 17.

As obsoleta, but with black triangle and spots within wanting.

Arizona.
Var. Nigra, Streck., Butt. and Moths. N.A. p. 143.
Black replacing fulvous of upper surfacer.

Var. Pseudodorippus, Streck., But. and Moths, N. A. p. 143.
Subapical triangle and black median band of secondaries
wanting. ae

Of the above floridensis and Hulsti are probably the only good
varieties, the rest being casual variations or aberrations.

2. Ursula, Fab. Ent. Syst. 3, 1, p. 82. Astyanax, Fab. Ephestion, Stoll.

. Wings black or blackish-brown above with two rows of bluish
lunules near outer edges. Within these a band of larger russet and blue
spots; the russet prevailing on fore wings. Beneath color more brownish ;
black band on margins ; row of lunules as above ; inner band of spots
all russet. Two russet spots near base of fore, 4 near and at base of hind
wings. Wings especially the hind ones generally with sheen of blue,

[May 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 7

Antenne black ; palpi white in front ; abdomen black with lateral white
line. U.S. Larva on willow, cherry, apple etc. (Harris 283).

Var. Arthemnis, Dru. Ill. Ex. Ent, II, t. 10, Harris 121, f. 7.

With broad median band of white across wings above and below,
separated into spots by the nervures.

Var. Proserpina, Edw. Pro. Ent. Soc. Phil. V. p. 148.
An intergrade between the two forms above, the median white
band being faintly apparent. ;

Var. Avizonensis, Edw. Pap. II, p. 22.
Wings more produced, one row of marginal lunules only. Arizona.

Var. Wiridis, Streck., Butt. and Moths. N, A. p. 144.
With sheen green, instead of blue on upper surface.

Var. Rubidus, Streck., Butt. and Moths. N. A. p. 144.
Blue of upper surface replaced by fulvous.
Expanse 2 4 to 3 2 inches.

3. Weidemeyerii, Edw. Proc. Acad. Nat. Soc, Phil. p. 162.

Upper surface black. White extra median band divided by black
nerves, One row of small marginal spots. 3 or 4 subapical white spots
on fore wings. Beneath as above on fore wings but with two fulvous
spots near base ; two rows of submarginal lunules on all wings. Hind
wings with row of fulvous spots within rows of lunules ; basal portion
marked largely with bluish white cut by the black into various shapes.

Pacific States, West of Rocky Mts.

Var. Simefascia, Edw. Pap. II, p. 22.
As the name implies with white band wanting.
Expands 3 to 3 2 inches.

4. Lorquinii, Bois. Ann. Ent. Soc. Fr. 2, X, p. 301.

Black or blackish brown above; all wings with median band of
white spots ; apex of primaries fulvous. Fulvous spot at anal angle.
sometimes with others, froming a band on hind wings. Beneath, costal
and apical portion of fore wings fulvous ; white spot below costa within
band ; band as above ; four subapical white spots ; row of submarginal
lunules : hind wings bluish white on inner and anal margin ; band as
above ; two rows of submarginal lunules; black row within these ; then
within fulvous ; basal portion fulvous with several light spots. Pacific
Coast. Expands 2 4 to 3 inches.

8 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI May 1883. ]

Notes on some Sesiide

“By Geo. D. Hulst.

Bembecia Marginata. jalenne ‘August 26th 1881, I was in a little field:
erown up in brars near my home in Brooklyn, when I noticed what at
first seeme 1 to be a common yellow hornet. Having some suspicion,
I caught it, and found it to be a female margzwa/fa, an insect which a year
before, (it being then unknown to Mr. Hy. Edwards and the Brooklyn
Lepidopterists), I had called Sesr flavipes. Between the above capture
and Sept. rgth, when I took the last, I captured altogether about 75
males and 60 females and made the followiny observations. The moths
emerge from pupze during the early part of the day and climbing up the
plants near at hand generally lie exposed to the sunshine on the upper
surface of leaves. The males begin to fly from 2 to 4 o’clock in the after-
noon, seeking for the females which remain at rest. ‘The males fly with
very great rapidity up and down the paths among the briars, resembling
the most rapidly moving flies in flight, They are strongly attracted
by the females; I found a virgin female, and was able to capture
in one afterncon 27 males attracted to her. The sexes remain in
‘coitu over night, or at least till late in the evening. With the early sun-
shine the female begins her flight for the purpose of laying her eggs.
These are always in my observation laid on the standing blackberry both
wild and cultivated. ‘The female flies slowly, is not easily disturbed in
flight, and is without difficulty taken in a cyanide bottle. In laying her
eggs, she alights on the upper surface of a blackberry leaf old or young,
high or low, indiscriminately, — for a moment, stands fluttering her
wings and so stands on tip toe -— then moving, sideways. and bending her
abdomen around the edge of the leaf she deposits a single egg beneath,
then flies on, as a rule only a yard or two, then lights again. I, saw the
female often light on the leaves of other plants, but she immediately left
them without laying. They are very rarely seen at their work after ro
oclock. The males are quiet during the morning, resting on the top of
the leaves, and on being disturbed fall to the ground simulating death,
Both male and female remarkably resemble certain hornets, and
~ make a dull humming sound in flight. .
The egg of the moth is perfectly oval in shape, and smooth under
a high magnifying power. I kept eggs under ordinary conditions, but
they had not hatched by mid winter, when a sweeping, (the bane of all
well ordered students), swept them into the fire. In the field, none so
far as I could see of many examined, were hatched when the leaves fell

[May 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 9

in late autumn. I was not able to find the larva or pupa and though I
examined scores of blackberry canes, both old and young, was not able
to find one burrowed. And though nearly every leaf had one or more
eggs under it, I was able to discover no diminution of healthy canes the
next summer. My idea was that the eggs fall with the leaves in Autumn,
hatch in the spring, attack the new growing canes, and the larvae live
very near or below the surface of the ground.

Last year in the same field I took only two specimens.

Prof, C. V. Ailey of Washington D. C., in the 6th report of In-
sects of Missouri pp. 111—-113. which he has kindly sent me, gives from
reports received from correspondents and personal observation, a history
of what Mr. Hy. Edwards has determined to be this same insect. He
gives a description of the larva as well as the imago under the name Z7o-
chilium rubi. The observations of his correspondents do not agree with
my own, Mr. Wm. Saunders of London Ont. writes that the egg is laid
upon the cane, on a space between two girdlings made-by the jaws of the
insects. This girdling is certainly an anomaly, if not as well an im-
possibility among the Lepidoptera. Harris says ‘‘the eggs are laid singly
on the stem near a leaf or small twig.” I saw the female oviposit cer-
tainly over a hundred times, and never saw her lay her egg, or attempt to
lay it, any where but on a leaf. Several correspondents also write Prof.
Riley their canes were largely destroyed by the larva which was_ partially
grown when winter set in. In the case of hundreds of eggs in the field,
and laid by impregnated females in confinement, I never knew one to
hatch before winter ; all outside fell to the ground with the leaves. I
sought with the most patient care for canes showing signs of being
burrowed but never found one; some cases where I found a virgin female
I examined every cane within a yard of the place. Of course I must have
missed my object however. The differences I do not pretend to reconcile.

There is much variation in the size and color of the specimens as
well as in the sexes. The males vary from, 7 to 13 lines, the females from
12 to 17 lines in expanse. Some have very much more yellow on the
thorax and abdomen than others, the females on the average having the
most. Some of these latter have the last three segments entirely yellow.
The type of flavipes is one of these, and strongly differs from the typical
marginata. 1 also secured a variety where the yellow of margiata is
replaced by almost clear white. The markings are also not so heavy,
and are obsolete on the anterior segments of the abdomen and nearly so
on the thorax. The wings lack the russet shading, and on the coxae and fe-
mora white takes the place of the yellow of marginata. Mr. Hy. Edwards

10 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. May 1883. ]

told me he would without anything but the imagines to go by, look up
on it as a clearly distinct species; buta male came to a virgin female
marginata in confinement and I feel certain it must be a variety only. This
variety I would call Bembecra Albicoma. Of it I took 2¢'\q and 19, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Sesia acerni, Clem, This moth though quite common in many
places is not often taken by collectors as it has generally flown before it is
looked for. In the most of cases it emerges soon after sunvrise in the
morning and flies as soon as the wings are expanded and dried which
takes but a few minutes after emerging from the pupa. A curious fact
is that this moth flies by night as I have had in the evening several
attracted into my room by the light. I have never after long continued
observation seen the sexes mated or the female laying its eggs, and am
very strongly of the opinion that these things take place during the night.

Mellitia cucurbitae, Harr. This moth appears on Long Island
shortly after July rst During the summer of 1882 I captured some 30
specimens about a small bed of summer squashes in a neighbor's garden.

The moths fly during the day being most active during the hottest
sunshine and quiet in the early morning. I have seen only two pairs mated
and this was between 2 and 3 P.M. The female lays her eggs morning
and afternoon mostly on the stalk of the plant just below the ground.
She extends her abdomen in the crack of the ground about the stem of
the plant and the most of the eggs I have seen were from 4 to 3 an inch
below the surface, Often however they were laid a foot above the ground,
and in a few instances were observed upon the petioles of the leaves. The
- egg is oval and of a dull red color.

In comparing my specimens I find, as with other Seszzdae, a con-
siderable variation in appearance. The ordinary orange color is more
marked in the female than in the male. One female had the body almost
wholly black. In some specimens yellow takes the place of orange, and
in one fresh male the abdomen is almost white and the fringes of the legs,
ordinarily orange, are a very light yellow.

I also observed the insect feeding upon the flowers of the culti-
vated onion.

The larva is very destructive to the early summer squashes, The
eggs hatch and the larvee attack just as the first of the fruit approaches ma-
turity. And in this city and the country immediately about, the
plants almost without exception, in August suddenly wither, and die.
The later marrow and Hubbard squashes escape, but these are planted
late for the fall and winter market, and the plants are hardly out of the
ground by the time of the appearance of the insects.

[May 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 11

Hints for raising coleopterous Larve.
By F. G. Schaupp.

I never had a book with an explanatory guide of how to raise
coleopterous larve and I think. that is just the fundamental necessity. By
using his own judgement one will loose lots of fine larvae before he gets
the secret. In the following lines I shall communicate my experiences in
a somewhat systematic manner and | invite all those who work in the same
field to publish in our Bulletin their results.

Commonly I took empty tomatoe- or fruit-tinboxes, have the
upper margin cut smooth and covered by fine wire-screen, fastened by a
cord or tin-ring.

Cicindelee. Only one larvae can be raised in one box, as they crawl
out at night-time and attack each other. Fill the box half with moist
ground ; press it oblique, make a small hole with the tip of a pen-holder
and the larva will in two minutes have taken possession of the hole for
its residence. i

Feed daily once with decapitated woodboring larvee,* fleshy cater-
pillars, flies, veal, beef etc. but de very careful fo remove the remnants or
the fungus arising from the decaying matter, which is extremely noxious
to the larvae will kill them in a few days. Moisten the earth twice or
only once a week, according the moisture of the air, but be very careful
not to make earth too wet, for this would favour the growth of lice also
very dangerous to larve.

Cover the box with tin cloth and place it into a dark closet or large
box, for else the small flies or inchneumons will become fatal. Larvee
are found on the roadside, but more commonly on sloping banks at a
little distance from the place where the imagines fly around, as I did
describe more fully Bull. vol. II, 23. The larve will remain feeding
during four to five weeks and the pupz require for their developement
about ten days.

NN — ——

Classification of the Coleoptera of North America.

Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution by J. L. Leconte and George H. Horn,
Washington 1833. — We just received the new classification and express in the name
of the Coleopterists of the U. S. our sincerest thanks to the authors. It would be carry-
ing water into the ocean to speak a word of the excellency of this work, indispensable
to every collector, the names Leconte and Horn speak for it.

“The book is printed on fine paper. adorned with excellent woodcuts, has about
600 pages with an appendage by S. Henshaw containing a list of synoptic papers and
is for sale by the Smithsonian Institution in Washington. REGS:

* Often the woodborers won the victory over the Cicindelidae therefore they
have to be beheaded.

12 BULLEVIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VL May 1883.)

Editors Department.

UIn this department will be brought short notes from all sources, extracts from
correspondence, hints, queries, criticisms and the like, and any facts of interest that our
subscribers or correspondents may send to us will find a place here. Editors. )

Preserving Duplicates. One of the difficulties a collector of coleoptera bas
to contend with when he makes large collections is to provide room for all his
duplicates and still have them convenient and perfect when he wants them.
Pinning them takes time, labor and pins; retaining them dry unset makes a
breakage almost certain before the insects can be pinned and they require very
careful handling : keeping them in alcohol mixes them up so much that they
cannot be conveniently gotten atand when they are removed they harden rapidly.

A modus open to none of these objections and which we have thoroughly
tested and used for two years is to preserve them by soaking them for a week or
more in a fluid prepared as follows :

Dissolve 100 grammes alum, 25 g. common salt, 12 g. salpetre, 60 g. potash
and 10 g. arsenious acid in 3000 g. boiling water. Filter the solution and when
cooled addin the proportion of 10 litres of the fluid, 4 litres glycerine and one
itre methyl-alcohol. At the end of that time the insects may be taken out and
dried in the air: the fluid evaporates very slowly and it takes several days before
it has all disappeared, but when it has evaporated your beetle remains soft and
flexible for years, can be handled without danger of breakage and pinned when
desired, sent unset all over the world and can be used when it reaches your
correspondent either as a cabinet specimen or for dissection.

Should the beetles loose in appearance, become dirty, or it be desired to
harden them, a benzine bath will clean them and will remove all trace of the fluid
and the beetle will become hardened. Our own collections of duplicates are all
preserved in this way, the species being kept in small, tight pasteboard boxes,
easily excluding Anthrenus, ready for reference at all time and compact ; many
thousand specimens being kept in the same drawer. Je 1B) Se

Book Notice, For the benefit of those who desire to know of all the new
species published we would call attention toa paper on ‘‘The Moths of New Mexico”
by A. R. Grote M. A., which recently appeared in a London periodical, the
Annals & Magazine of Natural History (January 1883 pp. 49 —58). It contains a
list of New Mexican species collected by Prof. Snow. Quite a number of new
species are described and one new genus, Copimamestra based on the Huropean
Mamestra brassicee and a new species, occidenta. Apropos of this genus we re-
collect reading only a few days ago in Herrich-Schaeffer about as follows — “it
would be just as unwarranted and nonsensical to create a new genus for brassice
because forsooth it has a claw at the end of the tibia”.

We would also call attention to the fact that so good an authority as Lederer
did not consider brassice as distinct from Mamestra. The proof of course could
not be read by the author and as a necessary result such errors as Sparagmia for
Spraqueia occur. J. B.S.

{June 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 13

= SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA.

STENOLOPHUS, 2%.

For the generic characters we refer our Readers to Horn’s paper ‘‘Ox
the genera of Carabidae. ‘Trans. Am, Ent. Soc. LX, 183.

The synopsis of the species is after Leconte’s Synoptic Table, Proc.
Ac, Phila. 1868, pp. 376—379.

Body stout, thorax but little narrower than elytra, front and middle tarsi (¥ broadly dil-
ated, scutellar stria long.
Sides of thorax broadly flattened, scarcely reflexed; black, not very shining, first
joint of antennee, tibize and tarsi brownish.... .. .......... l, carbonarius.
Sides of thorax less broadly flattened, more strongly reflexed; piceous black, shining,
base of antennze, margin of thorax, epipleuree and legs brown, basal impression
of thorax feebly and sparsely punctured...... ....... Fe aia tats 2. spretus.
Sides of thorax narrowly margined, margin not reflexed.
Labial palpi of ¢/' fusiform.

Piceous with brassy lustre, margin of thorax and elytra testaceous, base of an-
tennze and legs more or less brown, thorax sub-quadrate, basal angles near-
ly rectangular, rounded at tip, impressions finely punctured and rugose.

3. limbalis.
Labial palpi of (j' flattened or impressed beneath.

Legs and base of antennze testaceous or brown, basal impressions of thorax with
a few scattered punctures. Black shining, elytra piceous or testaceous,
slightly iridescent; thorax feebly narrowed behind, hind angles obtuse round-

Gal, Josexel @Hf leicereall maeyreriin [RNR oc cue oos besaoBunns 4, fuliginosus.
Legs and base of antennee ferruginous, basai impressions of thorax rounded not
punctured.

Black shining, elytra slightly iridescent, margin brown; thorax with the lat-
eral bead brown, feebly narrowed behind, hnd angles much rounded, basal
MOLPLessONseLOUMNGed mip WC LUTE Cea sie, yey lees) 5. plebejus.

Piceous shining, sides of elytra and disc of thorax frequently ferruginous, thor-
ax feebly narrowed behind, hind angles not at all apparent. 6. conjunctus.

Body more slender, thorax evidently narrower than the elytra, front tarsi of ¢'
moderately dilated, fourth joint deeply bi-lobed, elytra with long scutellar stria,
more or less iridescent, base of antennze and feet pale, hind angles of thorax obtuse
rounded.

Elytra more finely striate, middle tarsi of <j’ with two rows of squamiform papille.
Strize deeper towards the tip.
Blackish with the margins paler, thorax wider than long, scarcely narrowed
behind, basal impressions broad, very feebly punctured...... 7. anceps.
Elytra black with narrow pale margin, thorax scarcely wider than long, narrow-
ed behind, basal impressions faint, feebly punctured, disc yellow with a
large somewhat bi-lobed black spot (elytrai strize deeper than in the preceed-
ine andgisemext/species)..-\/.: . seem eeerstarttccie'. of. 8. cincticollis.

14 BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOU. VOL. VI. June 1883. |

Strize not deeper towards the tip. Beneath and head blackish; elytra, thorax,
antennee and lezs testaceous; thorax wider than lonz, narrowed behind,
basal impressions narrow not punctured, elytra with faint dusky cloud be-

hind) the: middle rjc Ces. ee aM A oo Cel eee 9. unicolor. ~

Elytra more deeply striate, strize deeper towards the tip, middle tarsi of <j without
rows of squamiform papillee. i
Larger, blackish with the margins paler, thorax wider than 1onz, with the basal
impressions broad, finely punctured..................... 10. flavipes.
Smaller blackish, narrow margins paler, thorax scarcely wider than long, basal
impressions broad, sparsely but less finely punctured .... 11, ochropezus.
‘Vhorax testaceous, hind angles more rounded, basal impressions sparsely punctured ;
elytra iridescent black with very wide testaceous side margin. 12 dissimilis.
Body elongate and linear, head as wide and nearly as long as the thorax, front tarsi of
© moderately dilated, middle tarsi slightly dilated, thorax narrowed behind
with flattened rectangular angles; elyira with long scutellar stria ; paipi
longer and more pointed than in the other groups of Philodes, Lec.

Elytra each with three distinct rows of dorsal punctures. Testaceous, head and
part of elytra dusky ; basal impressions of thorax large, deep, not punctur-
eal, lsichy Gl oesseel, GyEs Salil, Gabe scanaccaconeeccs 13, alternans.

Elytra with the rows of dorsal punctures obsolete, only the posterior puncture of the
2d stria obvious. Dark brown, thorax paler, with basal impressions less
deep, but also not punctured. Body less depressed ; eyes larger and more
DLOMAITIEMIER CBE eee haes As deere ieee esas Nope en Sahn 14. tener.

Species 4, 5, 6, 7, 10 have the labial palpi f' flattened or impressed beneath, the re-
mainder have them fusiform.

Biblicgraphs.

1. carbonarius Dej. Sp. IV, 398. Middle and Southern States.—7.5 mm.
2. spretus Dej. Spec. V, 845. Fla. Ga.—6.5 mm.

3. limbalis Lec., Pacific R. R. Survey, 47 par. IX. 1857, App. I, p, 28. indistinctus,
Mots., Bull. Mosc, 1859, II. 134, Cal, Or. —6.5-7 mm.

4. fuliginosus Dej. Spec. IV, 423. versicolor Kirby, Faun. Am. Bor. IV, 46.
fuscipennis Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 410, N. Y.—7-7.5 mm.

5. plebejus, De}. Spec. IV, 424. var. immat fuscatus, De}. ibid. 426. N.Y., N.J. 5.5m.

6. conjunctus Say, (Trechus)-Trans. Am. Philos. II, 90, misellus De}. Spec. IV, 467
rotundicollis, Hald. Proc. Ac. Phila. I, 302; luguwbris, Hald. ibid., rotundatus,
Lec. New Spec. Col. 1,17. From the Atlantic to the Pacific. --3.5-4.5 mm,

7. anceps, Lec, Pacif. R.R. Survey, 47 par. IX, 1857. App. 1, p. 28. rotwndicollis,
Mots., Bull. Mosc. 1859. II, 135. Cal. Or. Nev.—5.5—6 mm..

8. cineticollis, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1858, p. 60. On the Colorado near the Gila.
6.5 min.

_g. unicolor, De}. Spec. 1V, 411. Pacific States. —4.5-5.27 mm.
10. flavipes, Lec. Proc. Acad, Phila. 1858, p. 60. Cal. Or.—8.5 mm.

{June 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOU. VOL. VI. — 15

11. ochropezus, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. II, 54. Dej. Spec. IV, 424 convewicollis, Lec
Ann, Lyc. IV, 404. N.Y., Atlantic Region.—5.5—6 mm.

12. dissimilis, De}. Spec. IV, 424. La.—5.5-7 mm. :

13. alfernans, Trans. Am. Philos. X, 386. (Badister) testaceus, || Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil.
Il, 52. Aepus test. Lec. Ann. Lyc. 1V, 413. Philodes alt. Lec. Class. Col. I, 33.
Pa,—4.25 mm.

14. fener, Lec. Pacif. R.R. Survey, 47 par. IX, 1857, App. 1, p. 29. Philodes tener,
Lee. Class. Col. I, 33. Cal. —4.25 mm.

ACUPALPUS, Ze.

In this genus are contained those species included by Dr. Leconte
in his division C. (Proc. Ac. Phil. 1868, p. 377 and 378.) See Horn’s
genera of Carabidae, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. IX, 182.

Elytra with but one dorsal puncture, as usual, on the second stria; hind angles of thor-
ax obtuse, somewhat rounded, frontal suture more distinct than usual.

Head narrower than the thorax and almost as long, color scarcely brown, elytra
darker, slightly iridescent, thorax trapezoidal, but little broader than long. nar-
rowed behind, rounded on the sides only before the middle, basal impressions
broad, feebly punctured; eyes not prominent................ 1, hydropicus.

Head more distinctly narrowed than the thorax with larger and more prominent eyes,
more elongate and less convex than the preceeding; color variable, but the head
is aillivenys Clendke euarél wWorey elhyionst, wetalesfersioli sos Gaendonaeoas Jasuoe 9. CATrUs.

Elytra with several dorsal punctures, hind angles of thorax rectangular not rounded.

Elongate more depressed, head blackish, thorax pale with a large quadrate dusky
spot, anterior transvere impressions deeply marked, basal impressions broad, ru-
gosely punctured; elytra pale with a broad dorsal vitta divided by the suture
and abbreviated at each end; dorsal punctures three........ 3. flavilimbus.

Smaller and less depressed; head blackish, thorax testaceous, basal impressions deep-
er, feebly punctured, elytra dusky with the suture margin and base testaceous,
Monsalmpumneitnes\taTee sini st hs... . ERS Meat r ia) Sonnets: 4, longulus.

Still smaller, thorax as lonz as wide, with the sides still more subsinuate behind and
the hind angles more prominent, basal impressions deep, punctured; color brown
or blackish, paler at the margins; dorsal punctures four...... 5. rectangulus.

Bibliceraphsy.

1. hydropicus, Lec. New Spec. I, 17. Northern and Western States.—3 mm.
2. curus, Lec. ibid, p. 18. Can. Mich, Penn.—2.5-3 mm

3. flavilimbus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1868, p. 378. Ga.—4 mm.

4. longulus, De}. Spec. 1V, 459. Ga.—3.5 mm.

5. rectangulus, Chd. Rey. et Mag. Zool. 1868. p. 18. 5. C., Ga.—3-3.25.

16 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. June 1883. ]

PSEUDOMORPHA, “74.

Synoptic table. by Geo, H. Horn, M. D.,

Elytra distinctly narrower posteriorly.
Elytra with rows of coarse punctures forming nine quite regular striz. Head and
nora meclalign, Gli, PMCEOUS) 5 4cc: fotos pedo estooaoueade excrucians.

Elytra nearly smooth, punctures obsolete, color entirely piceous. .... Cronkhitei.
Elytra parallel.
Elytra with moderate punctures irregular on the disc, forming strize at the sides.

Behrensi.
Elytra with moderate punctures, confused on the disc, finer at the sides and forming

strize, in addition a row of large dorsal punctures, g-10 in number near the su-
EVI CAR aya tes Sop henge Menus z a BOR! 5 ocd Ed Eee TERR Dh ce FS angustata.

DBibliceraphy.

P. excrucians, Kirby, Trans. Linn. Soc. 1825, p. 101. pl. 3, fig. 3. Ga. S. C.—6.5 m.
P. Cronkhitei, Horn. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1867, p. 151, Owens Valley, Cal.—8mm.
P. Behrensi, Horn. Trans Am. Ent. Soc. 1870. 76. San Joaquin Valley, Cal. 9.5mm.
P. angustata, Horn, n.sp. Ariz.—7.5 mm.

I

Hints for raising Coleopterous Larve.

(Continued from page 11.)

Carabidee. The larvz of Carabide may be placed in lower boxes
with earth; the food is the same as mentioned under the Cicinde-
lidee.
They need small flat stones and moss for hiding; never use wood
for it, as it will mould on the damp earth and kill the larva. Feed daily,
and moisten the ground either twice or only once a week, according the
moisture or dryness in theair, but be very careful not to make the earth too
wet. ‘The larvae of Carabidze are found partly in the same places with the
imagines, under stones, chippings etc, near moist places, at the edges of
wood, but they are rather rare with the exception of that of Galerita janus,
which is found in numbers; sometimes they are in decaying wood,
under the loose bark, but the greater part undoubtedly live in the earth,
rarely appearing at the surface. Péerostichus \arvee are found under
cow-droppings, quite common. Larve are also found in the earth near the
banks of brooks and rivers.

A most important thing to be observed in raising larvae ws this, all
material brought into the box, as earth, moss, wood etc. has to be previously

[June 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 17

treated with hot water or heat to destroy all hving creatures that may be
contained therein, for there may be either small Staphviinzdae etc. destroying
your larvee, or there may be some other larva especially in the wood,
which will develop while the one you confined in it after having made a
drawing and description of it, will die and you may think the developed
insect came from your larva.

It is somewhat more difficult to raise the larvee from the imagines,
The best plan is to take species found in copulation, and place them in
cages and feed as in Cicindele.

Cages with wire screen to bottom will not answer the purpose, as the young
larvae will crawl through, there must also be earth in the cage
to protect the young larvee against attacks from brothers and parents. A
few days after copulation the males ought to be removed and a few days
later the females also, and put into another cage as | think they kill their
own children thus differing very much from dungbeetles and Mecrophori
which take great care of their offspring.

By using very black earth for the cages, the eggs and young larvee
may be more easily detected. As a matter of course as soon as the larvee
are a few days old, place each one in a smaller separate box and proceed
as above.

Clusters of eggs found under stones, boards and leaves may be also
taken home and placed in boxes.

Necrophorus and Silpha larvae are perhaps raised the easiest of all.
Take a soap-box half filled with loose moist earth, place therein some poor
meat and a dozen specimens of a species Mecrophorus or of Silpha cover
the box with fine wire screen and place it out of the way till the
worst smell is over, Keep itin the dark to prevent flies from depositing their
eggs thereon — after two weeks you will have plenty of larvze shortly after
plenty of pupze and in two weeks later imagines, if some parasite, does
not devour the pupz before, On a single pupa I often found as many as
ten very lively running parasites of considerable size, always hiding beneath
the antennee and legs of the pupe. Inspect the pupz frequently and dis-
covering these parasites, take a very fine hair-brush, dip the point into
benzine and touch the parasite, which becomes somewhat dizzy and is
easily removed. Pupze too much infested are put in Alcohol and kept as
specimens for the biological collection.

In the case of Necrophorus you may keep any quantity of larvee in the
same box ; they will live peacefully together provided they have enough to
eat, which they do moderately ; with the S7~ha larva the case lies al-

1s: BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VE June 1883. J

together different, they are the most voracious creatures I ever saw;
they eat so much that the skin bursts every second dav; they also kill
each other when in the same box although well provided with food.

Therefore having obtained larvee of S:/pha in the manner indicated
above, separate them as early as possible, keeping each individual in a
separate small box and feeding them with small pieces of fresh meat, as
much as they may devour in one day. Feeding the following day, be
careful to remove the remnants of the repast of the day before. Just as
with negro children the larvee of Sz/pha when very young and after each
moult appear snowy-white, after an hour they are steel blue and after an-
other hour genuine darkeys ; jet black.

Woodboring larvae. For the greater part Lamellcornia. Longicornia,
Elateridae, Buprestidae, Curculionidae — are easy to raise, but care
has to be taken that only specimens of the same species are confined to
one box,

It is necessary to give them larger boxes, so that large pieces of
wood may be enclosed, but it is very difficult to observe the proceed-
ings except with very large species. These may be treated as follows :
Take a piece of wood 4 inches cubic, split it at middle and then make at
the interior sides a cavity just large enough that the larve may easily
move, then fasten the parts together with a strong 1ubber band. Moisten
the wood in the box a little twice a week and if the larva escapes by
boring a hole through the wood, replace it at the central cavity filling the
borehole by a bung.

Some larvze especially Lamelhvornia and Llateridae before trans-
formation enter into the earth, For such species place some earth in the
box, but not before the larvae show a decided wish to go there by boring
very quickly holes straight downwards; for the earth in contact with the
moist woods very quickly forms a deadly fungus.

As a matter of course the earth to be placed into the breeding boxes
has to be previously treated by heat or boiling water to destroy all animal
germ possibly destructive to the helpless soft-skinned pupee. Larvae and
pupee are kept in darkness.

For Bark and Bast loving larvae, 7. ¢. such found under the bark of
diseased trees, such as some Buprestidae, Longicornia, Cucujus etc. cut
with saw and hatchet pieces of the infested tree with the bark about six
inches square about 1 inch thick take some of the rubbish and sawdust
and the larvae and when at home place them under the bark. Several

ee ee

[June 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. IV. 19

pieces of bark with the bastsides together will sometimes do also, but the
best plan with these larvee is to leave them in the wood till they are nearly
fullgrown; then the whole transformation takes place in two weeks.

Larvae of dung-beetles are taken home with a part of the earth
above which they live and part of nearly dried odorless cowdroppings under
which they hide. But here the greatest care has to be taken not to over-
look the very numerous smal] S/aphylinidae and carabidous larvee that live
with — or rather on -— those Scarabaeidous larvee,

On the Anatomy of the N. A. Noctuidae.
Part I. The Legs.

By John B. Smith.

Recent studies on the anatomy of the Voctuzdae begun while prepar-
ing my synopsis of the genera, have revealed to me peculiarities of struc-
ture, which while probably known to others seem never to have been
noted in any publication, I have therefore made a study of each part of
the Wocfwd anatomy with the view of bringing together, and adding to,
what is known of the subject, and the results of my observations I shall
give in a series of papers of which this is the first.

The legs of the Noctuidae as in the other imsecfa consist of:

The Coxae or that part of the leg nearest to the body which varies
in size and proportion in each pair of legs. The anterior are always
largest, and have the greatest degree of mobility : this in the typical Moc—
tua (Agrotis, Hadena) is exceedingly limited, but in the lower groups and
especially the De/tordae becomes more extensive. The middle and post-
erior co.xvae are practically immovable, and even in the lowest groups mo-
bility seems only to be in one direction they are always much smaller
than the anterior pair, and never become abnormally developed as do
the latter.

The frochanter is situated between the coxa and femur and is the
smallest and least prominent part of the leg and serves principally to give
a greater range of mobility to it, and as the anterior legs are always most
used, and best developed, it is in this pair that it can best be observed :
its variations are exceedingly small and of no importance whatever to
. the systematist.

20 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. June 1883. ]

The femur is usually the heaviest and strongest part of the leg, and
it has a very limited range of variation: usually the three pair are of nearly
equal length rather heaviest at base, and slightly decreasing in size toward
the tip. erminia shows the widest departure from this form in one
direction, the member becoming thin and a mere shell while Dichonia in
Europe and Psew /ag/ossa in America marks the other extreme: the mem-
ber being very heavy at base and suddenly and abruptly excavate near tip.

The member is never armed in any way so faras I have observed :
the clothing varies occasionally in the sexes, but these differences are
best noticed in speaking of the different genera.

The upper surface near the base is always grcoved to receive the
coxa -— in the anterior most distinctly so, while the under side is more
or less grooved to receive the tibia. Abnormally so in Dichonia and
Pseudaglossa.

The “bra is the member that shows the widest range of variation, and
is the part that has been hitherto most used by the svstematist in separa-
tine genera, ‘The anterior is always shortest, never equalling the femur
in length and is never spurred as are the middle and posterior, but is
often armed at tip with spines or claws — the under side has always an
excavation varying in length and position, which is covered by a membra-
neous, concavo convex lappet attached above, tapering to a point at tip,
and ciliate at the sides: this is universally present throughout the noc-
tuids and its variations are best noted when speaking of the various genera.
Sexual modification, and abnormal developments are also best noticed in
that connection.

The middle sézae are usually about equal in length to the femora,
generally heavier than the anterior, and always have a pair of terminal
"spurs at the inner side : “these spurs are rarely of equal length — most
nearly so in the first part of the family ; while usually the inner one is
longest ; in some of the Dedfoids the outer is less than 4% the length of
the inner. In the higher groups the spurs are covered nearly to the tip
with scales, but the tip is bare and corneous. In the lower groups the
clothing covers the tip and the spurs are more weak and membraneous,
It is seldom that the middle tibiz are sexually modified; never except
in clothing. and this variation in clothing will be hereafter noticed,
The posterior “7a is always longest, always longer than the femur
and often (in the De/foids) disproportionately long. It always has two pairs
of spurs, one near the middle or 4 from tip, and another pair at tip. Where

[June 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOU. VOL. VI. 21

there is any difference the upper pair is longest, and the inner spur al-
ways exceeds the outer in length.

Modifications of this member are still more rare and there ate few
that I know of except sexual modifications of clothing.

The “dtae or some pairs of them are often spinose: often all are so
armed but most generally the middle and posterior pair only -and when
one pair only is spinose it is always the middle one that is thus modified.

In addition to this armature the anterior tibia has another, peculiar
to it: this consists of claws or spines at tip, and to accommodate this
armature the tibia is often greatly modified as will be explained hereafter.

The arsz in the Nocturds are always five jointed, and always spined,
though sometimes only feebly so, and in one instance to be hereafter
specified obsoletely so. :

The joints differ in length, the basal being always longest, and some-
times longer than the anterior tibia : sometimes they are peculiarly clothed
in the ¥‘ but in no other respect have I noticed any noteworthy variation.

Terminating the tarsi is a pair of claws which vary greatly.

The claws are united to a short stalk, terminating in a ball to fit
into a socket in the last tarsal joint.

The claws are sometimes simple more usually dentate sometimes bi-
fid occasionally notched at tip or otherwise modified in modes to be
hereinafter described.

Thus having gone over the parts of the leg generally we are ready to
proceed to particulars. .

Agrotis may be considered as the type Noctua: the tibia are in most
instances all spinose; sometimes the anterior are not so. The tarsal claw
is toothed.

The tip of the anterior tibia has always been said to be unarmed and»
in my synopsis of the genera Agro/zs falls into a Section with the anterior
tibia unarmed at tip : toa large proportion of the species this is applicable
but Agrotis Fpsilon Rott., and some others have the anterior tibia very
distinctly spinose, have a very long stout spine at the inner side, and a
shorter at outer side of tip. | Denuded of clothing and viewed through
the microscope the tibia certainly can not Le viewed as unarmed at tip.
Agrotis muraenula G. and R. is if possible mére distinctly armed, for the
spines are not so numerous at the sides and the terminal spines are more
prominently set.

A. Annexa Tr, is the most heavily armed of all the Agrofids I have
examined ; it has what may be almost termed a true claw at the inner

22 BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VI. June 1883.7]

side of tip and two very heavy spines at outer side. Several others of the
species have very distinctly armed fore tibia, but mot so as to deserve
special attention here. 4gro/is is the first of the genera having armed
tibia: the genera placed before it in the family are distinguished in so
faras the legs are concerned in having them almost universally more
compact, shorter, the spurs not so long, and on the posterior tibia closer
together.

In those species of Acrouycta that I have examined the tarsal claws
are simple and without tooth or dent of any kind the spurs of tibise are
more equal, and in the © the tibiae are clothed with longer silky har.
In Pseudothyatira the legs are much as in Acronycta except that the ex-
cavation of anterior tibia is very small, and the lappet correspondingly
diminished in size; the tarsal claws aresimp!e and the middle tibia in

the ¢' has very dense brushes of hair on the outer side: the femora are
in proportion less heavy than the tibia.

Habrosyna scripta Gosse. differs in the still more limited excavation
of anterior tibia, and in having all femora and “dz in the clothed with
dense long silky hair.

In Mamesira the tarsi are proportionately shorter, the claws termi-
nating them are long slender very decidedly curved, with a feebly marked
tooth near tip: some ofthe species have a spine or claw at tip of anterior
tibia: one American form so distinguished has recently been described
by Mr. Grote as Copimamestra.

Hadena does not differ, as faras Ican make out except that the
tarsal claw is more distinctly toothed. |

Metahadena is an example of anterior tibia armed with a claw at tip;
quite a number of genera are so armed as a reference to my synopsis will
show and where there is only a single claw it is always inserted at the
middle of the tip. The excavation of the fore tibia is very long and the
lappet extends from near the base to the tip of tibia and is unusually
broad.

Erwopus is peculiar in the clothing of the middle ¢ and posterior
tibia and tarsi being adorned with long fluffy brushes of hair.

I have seen only one American specimen which showed this pecu—
liarity in full perfection, and that was what I believe to be an undescrib-
ed species in the Mr. Edwards’ collection.

Prodenia has the legs strong and compact, moderately hairy in the Q
and very densely so in the ¢‘. The inner spur of the middle tibia is un-
usually long, the tarsi are short and the claws simple.

| June L883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 23

Fydroeia metitans Bork, is peculiar by the tarsal claw which is like
no other I have examined.

Phiprosopus, Crambodes and Doryodes resemble each other very
closely in structure of the legs, and show a decided downward step, The
anterior coxais much more mobile and much longer: the posterior tibiz
become longer and the legs as a whole are too long for the slight insects.
Senta and Platysenta \ean that way, and lam a little at aloss to un-
derstand exactly how these last, and Doryodes fit in between Macronuctua
and Zeucania. 1 should place them lower in the scale.

Plusiodonia resembles the foregoing in leg structure in some respects :
the coxa is larger than in the preceeding generaand more mobile : the an-
terior tibia is very decidedly excavated and the lappet small in proportion :
the last mentioned genera al] agree in this character. P/ustodonta is in
all respects an aberrant’ genus and its affinities seem to point in all di-
rections: most distinctly downward however and it would not be ill
placed after, instead of before P/wsia, and near to Aconfia. The tarsal claw
is unusually small in proportion to the insect and its shape broad and flat
with a sudden hook like termination showing in this respect also a tend-
ency downward, as shown by a comparison with the claw of Hermunia.

The legs of Zewcania are entirely unarmed but in some species
densely hairy in the (j.

Nephelodes is peculiar: the anterior femora are very slight and so de-
cidedly excavate beneath, that only a shell remains : the tibia also is slight
with the excavation well marked and the lappet extending from the base
to the tip: the tarsi on the contrary are stout and very heavily spinose:
the claws are simple.

Scopelosoma has the legs compact and well clothed with hair: the
tarsal claws are simple.

Calocampa cineritia Grt. has the legs compact the tarsal claws very
decidedly toothed, and the middle tibia with a slight excavation on the
outer side; this I have not noticed elsewhere.

Nycterophaeta has the tip of the anterior tibia peculiarly modified ; a
flattened corneous projection terminates the tibia and is drawn out on

each side making the appearance of two claws for which [at first mistook
them.

Cuculha to which the foregoing is nearly related has the anterior tibia
armed in some of the European species.

(TO BE CONTINUED. )

24: BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. June 1883. |

Editors Department.

Cn this department will be brought short notes from all sources, extracts from
correspondence, hints, queries, criticisms and the like, and any facts of interest that our
‘Pp Y.

subseribers or correspondents may send to ws will find a place here. — Editors.)

Alypia octo maculata. In the small patch of ground allotted my residence
as a yard is a grape vine, suffering annually from the caterpillars of this moth. Usually
the moths appear in June and early in July, but this season, a specimen was found
May Ist another on May 8th and several have been seen in the interval. They are not
very active and are easily taken. The grape, the food plant of the caterpillar has yet
(May 12) scarcely a leaf. I never before heard of the moth appearing thus early.

Check List. We have in preparation a list of additions and corrections to our
““Check list’? which will bring it to the date of publication of the addenda: will our
friends please send in a memorandum of all omissions or errors they may have noted in
the list as we desire to make it entirely complete and accurate.

p

Mounting Microscopic beetles and parts dissected during study. The habit of
many has been afier examining the parts of an insect and making dissections to throw
away the insect after making notes. Others mount them in balsam on glass slides:
this latter had been my practice, but slides accumulate and are inconvenient to keep, A
substitute a knowledge of which I owe to Dr. Horn answers admirably for all purposes
and is perfectly simple. A hole, round or square is punched or cut out of a piece of
Bristol board of any desired size, a cover glass (I use the square) is fastened on one
side over the aperture by a thin circle of shellac ; this forms a shallow cell in which the
part to be examined is placed, a drop of Canada balsam is put on it and the whole is
covered by another cover glass, Your preparation thus effectually preserved, and you
can put a pin through the end of the card and put it in your cabinet next the insect the
object is intended to illustrate. You can put half a dozen cards ona single pin and
the space thus occupied is very small while the preparation is as convenient for examin-
ation as though mounted on a glass slide.

To keep out Dermestes Mr. Ackhurst states that he has successfully used the
following proparation ; 3 parts cresote or crude carbolic acid and one part oil of penny
royal. Apply at the seams, grooves and edges of the boxes or where there is a chance
for entrance, and neither Dermestes the small paper lice, nor the ants will trouble you,
Against the two latter pests I have found the carbolic acid alone to be sufficient.

To wash old dirty specimens there are many ways but the one that seems to us
the best is the following.

Place the specimens in a tin-kettle } filled with moist sand, to soften them;
small species remain therein over night, larger for 24 hours, then wash them with cold
water, using a small stiff paint-brush, if not sufficiently clean, apply soap; rubbing with
the brush and then wash them with cold water. On T'row, Lachnosterna and other
species covered with a layer of mud on the wings the soap is left for a few hours, and
then washed off with cold water again.

Greasy specimens are put in benzine but great care has to be taken that they are
not left to long in this fluid, as they thereby become very brittle.

[July 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 25

SYNOPSES OF BUTTERFLIES.

ERESIA, Dow.

This genus closely resembles P/y-vodés and Melitaea and the species
have been generally described as A//ifaea. Mr. Strecker includes them
all in that genus and Mr. Kirby in his catalogue makes them all Phy-
clodes: for the nonce we follow Mr. W. H. Edwards. Differs from either
of those genera by the narrower wings rounded apices of primaries, and
excavate outer margin of same wings: the secondaries are dentate. They
are all southern and generally more common in Mexico, Cuba and South.
America.

The species are distinguished as followse

Above fulyous with black markings and spots similar to Phyciodes tharos.

Hee meckeNBreSemn blimey SANMeISDECIES.) 4... .| WpeeneaeiNmre tse aie cre as ani eee frisia.
Above fuscous with yellow spots and short bands at outer half of pri-

maries ; Secondaries with a submarginal row of crescents, a streak,

Eideammeciianibaindeallsyello wiki i: 5..." ween ne eee ect Res bis punctata.
Above black, base of both wings indistinctly fuscous with black markings :

Primaries with three interrupted bent rows of white spots ; secondaries

with a submarginal row of white crescents and a complete band of

STERIC OM GISCAN ssc cos fo...» aMRMMMbC ers ct as acty. sie feoceertaee texana.

E. frisia, Poey., Cent. Lep. Cuba, p. g t. 2 (Melitaea) Reak. Pr. Ent. Soc.
Phil. V, 226 (Eresia).

This species most nearly resembles Phyciodes tharos while perfectly
and evidently distinct from it. The black is more confluent, and the
fulvous is not equally intense in shade. The ({\ of this species is figured
in Aw, hx. Butt. 11, ¢. 6. f. 45, 46, and is smaller and somewhat
darker than the Q.

Expands 1 to 1.5 inches. Haé. Florida Keys, Cuba.

E, punctata, W. H. Edw. Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. III, ror

Five yellow spots near apex of primaries, and a bent bar of the
same color crossing the cell: on secondaries the median band narrows
posteriorly. Beneath, primaries fulvous at base, fuliginous on disc and
gray sprinkled with ferruginous near hind margin. Markings of upper
side reproduced on both wings. :

Expands 1 to 2 inches. Had. Arizona, New Mexico.

26 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. . July 1883.]

E. texana, W. H. Edw. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. Il, 81; cincta W. H.
Edw. Pr. Fint. Soc. Phil, II, 502.
The wings have a submarginal row of white crescents more or less
indistinct on primaries; on the latter are an interior row of round spots
of which the costal third, and marginal spots are largest, three spots ter-
minating the discal cell, one near middle of wing and a row of three
small spots at basal third. Beneath, primaries fulvous at base, fuscous
at outer half, apex and margin paler: the white spots are reproduced.,.
Secondaries pale at base and apex, fuscous toward outer margin : marked
as above. i |
Expands /¥.5 wiches., 7/0. Text ila. Fla., and Miexicoy iam ri
Mr. Strecker catalogues in addition /. hermes Hew. Ex: But. 1,
ISWES. ty Sp te) Ae a Mle Seudder in Buff. Bull, II, 268, _Tecognized the
same species as palo to our fauna, but Mr. Edw ards omits it from.
his catalogue as not sufficiently authenticated. Mr, Reakirt redescribed
itas £. genigueh from Los Angelos Cal, It is entirely unknown to us,

SYNCHLOE, bad.

The species of this genus closely resemble some 3 fie Mebita0a and
Phy-iodes , The wings are elongate, the apices produced and rounded,
and the outer margin oblique and very nearly straight. As in the pre-—
ceeding the species belong to the South and South-west, and are not
common. The order of the species in the synopsis seems to us the
most accurate for cabinet arrangement.

They are distinguished as follows.

Wings above fuscous or fuliginous.
‘A wide fulvous band, a submarginal and an Anterior row of white spots
CHOSSINGNDOBWATIOS N Celgh Gite Skt Tee Roamer, 6 ce ie lon ae ee adjutrix.

A narrow flexuous and broken fascia on primaries and a broad subangu-
Jaté fascia on secondaries brick red)... .........-..2.-5- (ee mediatrix, |

Wings above black ; primaries spotted with white. -
Secondanes above with thevcentkelicanmine ee = fesse) ee janais,

Secondaries above with a subbasal yellow patch divided by black

neryures : a large bright red spot near anal angle.......... iN Sra ea aia erodyle.
Secondaries above with a narrow white band crossing the middie

CO} BANOS Ane et aie rea SL MEME ROE SPN a ls OR SESE B YA Guia di Gig: .. erocale...

S. adjutrix, Scud. Buff. Bull. Il, 269 (Chlosyne) ; Lacinia, W. H. Edw. .
“‘Synopsis”’ p. 18, (Synchloe). :

[July 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 27

The insect bears a strong superficial resemblance to some forms of
Phyciodes nyctets. Beneath. the markings of the upper side are repro-
duced, exaggerated, and paler yellow.

Expands (1, 9 1.5 to 2 inches. Had. Texas. :

Ss. mediatrix. Feld Reise Nov. II, 395. Suundersii W. 4H. Edw. ‘“‘Sy-

nopsis’’ p. 18.
The fringes are marked with white, and the primaries have two
marginal spots and two spots in the cell, also white, The secondaries
have three brick red spots near base, and near outer margin a number of
white spots, sometimes | more or less confluent and occasionally entirely
wanting, ieee’

Expands 1.5 inches iat: Texas, Bogota, (from this latter place its
was geribed ):

S&S. jamais, ‘Dru. 3, 24, Pl. 17, f. 546 (Nymphalis). Doub. and Hew. Gen.
Diurn. Lep. 1, 186 (Synchloe).

A distinctly marked species. Primaries with two flexuous rows of
white spots and’three white spots in cell. Secondaries with an indistinct
row of small white spots beyond the red patch. Beneath, markings of
primaries. reproduced. Secondaries black at base and outer third ;
nearest base is a yellow space followed outwardly by an incomplete broad
red band. There is a marginal row of yellow spots and an inner row of
small white points.

Expands 2.5 to 3 inches. Hud. Texas, Mexico, Central and South
America. .

S. erodylie. Dates. Ent. Mo. Mag, 1, 84.

Primaries with seven white spots of various sizes arranged in a rude
circle on disc, and a curved row of six similar but more uniform spots
between them and outer margin. Beneath markings reproduced and in
addition on primaries is a vermillion streak at base ; secondaries with an
interrupted submarginal row of large vermillion spots.

Expands 2 inches. Haé. Texas, Central and South America,

S. crocale, W. H. Edw. Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. V, 17.

‘Primaries three rows of white spots of which the inner row is .
larger and most distinct. Secondaries with a row of very small and in-
distinct white spots between median band and outer margin; a fulvous
anal spot. Beneath, markings reproduced and in addition the secondaries
have a yellowish band near base, and a marginal row of large crescents.

Expands 2 inches. Had, Arizona.

28 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. July 1883.]

CYSTINEURA, 4:.

The only American species of this genus is readily recognized _ by its
color. The genus differs in the elongate primaries with produced pointed
apices and very oblique slightly convex or rounded outer margin. Sec-
ondaries triangular and comparatively somewhat small. Antenne rather
short with a cylindric club, showing an evident relationship to the
Satyrinae to which indeed it is very close, as the costal vein of the prima-
ries is inflated. The position assioned the genus by Mr. W. H. Edwards
between Phyciodes and Vanessa is unnatural. The species is:

€. doreas, Fab. Syst. Ent. 508 (Papilio) ; amymone, Men, En. An.
Mas. Petr. Lep. 1, p. 123, t. 9. ;
Above white ; primaries with base, costa, apex and outer margin
dusted with ash gray, the outer margin with a fulvous tint. Secondaries
gray at base, terminal space yellow, margin narrowly black. Beneath
primaries with markings of upper side reproduced, except that the grey
is replaced by yellow: Secondaries yellow, with a complete white band
near base, and an interrupted band of white spots at outer third,

Expands 1.5 inches. “7a, Texas, Central America.

ANARTIA, Doub.

Head small scaly ; eyes round somewhat prominent ; tongue very
long ; antennze long, club short compressed, pointed. Primaries wita
apices rounded, external and internal margins of primaries sub-emargin-
ate, external margin of secondaries sinuous and dentate. Anterior feet

of the ¢f\ small. weak ; of Q strong. Abdomen thin and short.

There is but a single species found in the U. 8,

A. jatrophae, L., Syst. Nat. IJ, 779 (Papilio) Cram. Pap. pl. 202,
erbst fab. 17255 5) ote

Above, dull livid with brownish transverse undulated lines, and
three black ocellate spots, one on primaries near internal angle and two
on secondaries. Beneath paler, ocellate spots reproduced and with a’
white pupil. Antenne black, club ferruginous. |

Some specimens have the extremity of the wings russety and a double
row of lunules of this color.

fab. Yexas, Florida (in U. S.).

[July 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. IV. 29

List of Carabidae found in the neighborhood
of New York City.
By F. G. Schaupp.
- Carabinae.
Omophron americanum Dej. June-Sept. In Greenville N. J. on the
muddy or sandy banks of a small brook, hidden in the grassbunches
also with the two following species at Coney Island and Rockaway.

Omophron tesselatum Say. and O. ‘labiatum Fab. May—October. At
Coney Island and Rockaway Beach near ditches and small ponds in
company with each other. . :

Cychrus s/enos/omus Weber, var. Leconter Dej. May & June, at the foot
of the Pallisades, in wet places in company with snails, Not rare. Some-
times found in numbers. Also cn Staten Island. Under stones.

Cychrus elevatus, Fab. June, Sept. Near Ridgewood and in Jamaica
_ wood, also on Staten Island, in woods under stones and under the bark
of stumps. Rare.

Carabus sy/vosus Say, (the narrower form) June. In woods near
water under stones. Near Ridgewood, Greenville. Rare.

C. serratus Say, June to Sept. Behind Hoboken on Pallisades under
stones. Kare.

C. limbatus Say. May to Sept. Greenville, Jamaica woods, Bay
Ridge under stones. Not rare,

C. vineius Web. May to Sept. Pennybridge, East New York, Bay
Ridge, Staten Island under stones. Not rare,

Calosoma evéernum Say. Very rare June to Sept., near water under
stones, at same places as Caradus sj lvosus.

Calosoma scrutator Fab. All summer. Under stones, but also very
often on trees, on one wild-cherry-tree I once captured five specimens at
‘once, Found also often washed to the Coney Island shore. Not rare,

Calosoma Willcoxi Lec. Only two specimens captured in the city
in rooms. May, June.

C. Sayz Dej, May. Tollgate, near South Side RR, Rare.

C. calidum Fab. May to October. Every-where under stones, often
in numbers. Common.

Elaphras *wscarws Say, June, July. Greenville, N.Y. on moist
spots in the woods, on the mudflats behind Hoboken ; near the Myrtle
Ave. Park, etc. Running and flying quickly during sunshine. but in
cool and cloudy weather sluggish. Common,

30 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. July 1883.]

Notiophilus aeneus, Hb. & Hardyi Putz;-June-to- Sept. also sizrt-
cus in woods hidden among damp leaves or during sunshine running a-
round and glittering among the dark leaves.*

Nebria pa/lipes, Say., June to Sept. Fort Lee and Orange Mts. al-
so Staten Island in nearly dried out little brooks or ditches and under
stones, especially at both sides of the ditches. Always numerous.

Pasimachus svdacvs, Bon. June. Under boards or cow-dropp nes
on ‘the sand in Coney Island. .

Scarites sudterrancus, Fab, The whole years under stones etc.

Dyschirius sphaericollis, Say., and erjthrocerus, Lec, May. to Sept. °

in the sand of the banks of rivers, brooks, ponds; also, in marshy mea—
dows. * a ;
sllatus, Lec., fiifor.nis, Lec. June, Sept, In the sand near ditches and
pooles on Coney Island. :
globulosus, Say., July. On moist places in the woods, rare.

Ardistomis vids, Say., June. Clifton N. J., Rockaway, In sandy
banks.

Clivina americana, Dej., June. With Dischirius sphaertollis ‘same

time and same localities. :
Schizopenins Zeola/us, Say., June, Sep. Under small stones on
the sandy banks of the Passaic River, N. J.

Har palinae.

Panagaeus crucigerus, Say., and P, fascialus, Say., May, June.
Under stones on Snake Hill, N, J., and in Cypresshill-Cemetery, rare.

Bembidium punctalostriaium, Say. ; inaequale. Say. ; nitidulum, Deore
amerwanum, De}. ; antiquum, De}. ; chalceum, Dej.; nigrum, Say. ; pla-
num, Hald. ; patruele, Dei. ; varwgatum, Say. ; versi-olor, Lec. ; semistria-
tum, Hald. May to Sept. Near the banks of the Passaic River in the sand.

B. 4 maculatum, Linn. May to Sept. in woods and fields under
stones everywhere.

'B. constrictum. Lec. ; lacunartum, Zimm. ; variegatum var posticum,

rapidum, Lec, (var. of in/ermedium, Kirby). June, July. On Coney Island

and Rockaway. .
Tachys proximus, Lec, ; scitulus, Lec. ; manus, Gyll. ; ¢ripunctatus,

* All the species hidden in the sand or the grass on the banks of rivers etc.; are- -
driven out of their retreats by pouring water over the spot. See Bulletin vol. I, p. 11. °

[July 1833 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 31

Say. ; imcurvus, Say. May to Sept. Near the banks of the Passaic River
in the sand.

Patrobus Zomgiornis Say., May to Sept. In the woods in most
places. Very common.

Myas cvanescens, Dej., June, July, Fort Lee.and Clifton N. J.

Pterostichus adoxus, Say.; vrostratus Newm. ; diligendus, Chd. ; -
Zonestus, Say. (in the woods under stones, rarcs; lachrymosus, Newm. ;
stygicus, Say: ; moestus, Say.; Savi, Brull. ; lucublandus, Say. ; lu tuosus
“Dej. ; corvinus, Dej.; mutus, Say.; erythropus, Dej.; patruelis, De}.
June to Sept. In the woods and fields under stones, stumps etc.
corrusculus, Lec. Under moss on Long Island, rare,
strenuus, Lec. (Lophoglossus) at the banks ofa pond on Long Is!and,
April, May. -

Amara avila, Say.; angustata, Say. ; impuncticolis, Say. ; wler—-
stitialis, Dei. ; obesa, Say. ;-chalcea, Dej. ; musculus, Say. May to Nov.
under stones every-where, angusfa/a also often on flowers and grass
in July, mesculus on Coney Island.

Diplochila laticoll’s. Lec. May, June, at the foot of the Pallisades
behind Hoboken, common, under stones near water.

Dicaelus didr/a/us, Say. June to Sept. Fort Lee and Cliftoa under
stones in the wood, not rare.
purpuratus, Bon.. Clifton, N. J. June, July, under stones in tle woods,
rare, } ‘
elongaius. De}. ; tefzr, Bon. politus, Dei., June, Sept. In the woo ls on
the Pallisades.

Badister vofa/vs, Hald. June. On Staten Island, rare.

Calathus evcgarius, Say., May to Sept. Every where common. -
impunctatus, Say., June, Fort Lee, rare,

‘Platynus, Bon. During the whole season on moist places in the
woods under stones, and rubbish; a@nagustafas Dej. Hoboken Fort Lee,
decens, Say., sinuatus, Dej. every where, opacudus Lec, quit? rare.
cincti-ollis, Say , and reflexus, Lec. found in and near a small half dried
up brook near Fort Lee Landing.
extensicollis, Say, near brooks Clifton N. J, Weehawken.
decorus, Say. In woods, common.
knuis, Lec. Long Island in woods, rare.
melanarius, Dej.; affinis, Kirby ; mefallescens, Lec. In woods.
cupripennts, Say. In the fields everywhere. -
excavatus, Dej, ; furreus, Haid.: nutans, Say., (rare); osiopun-talus, Fab.;

32 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. July 1883)

———

placidus, Say. ; obsoletus, Say. with stnuatus.
aeruginosus, Dej. Under the bark of fenceposts, on fruit-trees, easily
captured by placing a few leaves in the fork of the trees over night, the
following morning this species is found with many of other families.
crenistriatus, Lec., sordens, Kirby, ruficornis, Lec. rubripes, Zimm., puncti-
formis, Say., lutulentus, Lec. with sinuatus.
Olisthopus parmatus, Say. June. Long Island formerly not rare,
~ but lately extremely scarce.
_ Atranus pubescens, Say. June. Hoboken foot of Pallisades, rare.
Leptotrachelus dorsalis, Fab, have but two specimens one from
Long Island the other from N. J., without exact date or Jocality.
“Casnonia fevrsyvleania, Lin. May to Sept. Under stones in fields,
woods, not rare, a,
Galerita jaws, Fab. May to Sept. Every where in woods under
i stones. , piney:
~ Lebia grandis, Hentz. afriv.niris, Say. July, Sept. In: woods and
fields under stones, ;
pulchella, Dej. Morrisania (Julich). ,
viridis, Say.. pumila, Dej., ornata, Say., fuscata Say. June, July on
‘flowers and bushes, Greenville, Ridgewood, Passaic.
pleuritica, Dej., vv ee oe (Dianchomena) scapularis, De}.,
' analis, Dej., with ornafa, Say, in March and Oct. or Nov. on Fort Lee
and in Jamaica woods under the dry leaves.
I have also one specimen of (Aphelogeniu) furcata Lec., from L. I.
Dromius feces, Dej. May, June. Under bark of trees, Hoboken,
Long Island. : .
Blechras linearis, ec. May to Oct. Uae bark of trees (imago
sand tarvas), |
Metabletus americanus, Dej. Under bark of trees (imago « larva).
Axinopalpus biplagiatus, Dej. Id.
Plochionus zedus. Hab. ids
Callida purpurea, Say. June. One single specimen taken under
stone in Jamaica wood, L. I. Ra fo aan
Pinacodera “zbaza, De June. Under stones in moist spel on
Coney Island washed to the shore. . :
Cymindis pilosa, Say., and -C. amer cana, Dg ‘ June to ‘One gnder
stones in fields and woods. [De
; Apenes lucidula, Dej. and sinuaia, ee. ey free. On. ie shore
of Coney Island.

a

[July 1833 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 33

On the Anatomy of the N. A. Noctuidae.
Part I. The Legs.
By. John B. Smith.

JOR

Alcha presents nothing noteworthy except the tarsal claw which is
like that of Luclidia ereeh’ea and shows a tendency downward.

Basilodes, Stirta, Plagiomimi.us and Shbadium which I consider ge—
nerically indentical have a claw at the tip of the anterior tibia. have the
anterior femur unusually large and the tibial excavation unusually small.

Right here as catalogued come several very peculiarly modified
genera, the last mentioned may be considered as introducing them and

all together they form a group peculiar to this continent, and generally

to the mare w estern part of it’ It is to this group that the term ‘‘armed
fore tibia” .is peculiarly applicable, and I have described and _ figured all
of them in my recent synopsis of the Heliotine.

Nanthothrix Hy. Edw. embraces two rather dissimilar species,
agreeing in the armature of the anterior tibia, and in the short compact
legs ; it is closely related to ALM:lepiria, and Axenus.

lo shows a decided downward tendency : ‘the anterior coxa is
nearly as long as the femur, but heavier with a more decided groove : the
tibia is slender, the excavation marked and long, the lappet being nearly
as long as the tibia itself. The claws of the tarsi are long, slender and
simple. — a

Gyros is an odd genus with very decidedly grooved anterior tibia
and the lappet unusually large and prominent.

Euclidia begins the series of what is rather arbitrarily termed ‘‘Fas—
ctatae’.

The common species ereA/ex Hb. has long anterior coxe, slender
legs, prominent spurs on median and posterior tibice, very heavily spined
tarsi and claws the latter being flattened, wide and terminating with an
acute hook ; this form of claw is never so far as my observations extend
formed in the typical Noctua, but is the prevailing form in the lower ge-
nera and more particularly the D.loidae. The spurs on the median and
posterior tibia are unequal, the inner are being longest, they are as widely

separated as it 18 possible for them to be, and ‘the anterior pair on posterior

tibie are longest.

Litosea Grt. which in my opinion is genericaliy identical with w-
clidia has the posterior legs rather longer, and the proportion is rather
more’ prralid iform than in the other species of the genus,

aL BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM,. SOC. VOL. VI. July 1883.] _

Syneda has strong compact legs, more like those, of the typical
Noctua.

Parthenos and Cuatocala have strong, well developed legs, the re often
but not always, with a brush on the anterior tibia. ‘The femur especially
of the anterior leg is heavily grooved beneath to receive the tibia and its
brush of hair: the groove beimg more decided in the: co. The ‘claws mn
Crto-ala are simple, while i in Parthcnos they are split.

Panapoda Guen. is peculiar, from the hoy eens of the St tibiae

on at le ast two of its species.

The tarsal claw also of this species is unique so far as I have observed.

Remigia Guen. is peculiar by the clothing on the posterior tarsi of
of which somewhat resembles Z7iofus but is much more dense. |

Homoptera, taking edusa as the type has the legs short, compact and
clothed with fine wooly. vestiture, longer in the ;j‘: the tarsi are unusu-
ally short, the spinulation thin and very slender and the claws as in Dra-
steria. ‘Vhe middle tibia is spinose.

Hlomopyralis, the last genus before the Deltoidae is peculiar as re-
spects the structure of the anterior legs : the coxa is enormously developed,
as long, and much heavier than the femur, the trochanter is unusually
distinct and the femur tibia and tarsi are stout and strong: in the Q the
spurs of the middle and hind tibia are decidedly unequal, and the upper
are much longer than the posterior pair: In the Qj the spurs are
nearly equal, the posterior tibia has a distinct brush, the middle is very
heavily clothed with scales and hair, while the anterior has the femur ex-_

cavated above, to accomodate a very dense long brush of hair attached near
the base, and has a very heavy clothing of long hair on the tibia, hardly
forming a brush.

Pseudoglossa and F/elia (Epianay, the first genera in the Delfouls
are peculiar in the structure of the anterior legs; this is indentical i in both
genera. iB Mo Rs me
lowed out. above however in such a.manner that only a’ shell remains: the
femur is heavy at base,’ but very much thinned just behind the middle,

this excavation has precisely the length of the tibia w hich fits into- it 5M

completely. that af first view it seemed as though there was a tarsus gTOw-+
ing out of the femur. | The tibia has. the usual excavation, and in the ef

a smail brush which i is wanting in the 9. The tarsal claw is much like |

in dZerminia except that, the claw. is longer. | ee

(10 BE CONTINUED.)

The Coxa i is very, heavy, but.little shorter shorter ‘nana “femur, hihise

[July 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 35

Noli me tangere.

Ifa. man works in any section of the Natural history for years
forming hereby ideas of his own, he may, continuing his work on the
basis of such ideas, very easily be induced to consider his ideas as
dogmas. ;

Now another man applying his studies on the same branch may
conceive ideas diagonally opposed to those of the first mentioned man
and giving vent to them, this one is too ready to oppose that one ; if wise
he debates the matter composedly, but alas! too often he considers those
heretical ideas, not as an attack against his dogmas, but as a personal
attack.

Noli me tangere! Don’t touch me! Ido not speak of such low
fellows, who having built up a system, somewhat unnatural of course, with
great display of hard labor and brain-ruining effort, and upon finding
things, that will in no ways fit in their systematic arrangement or that will
destroy the whole system, will there upon rather crush and destroy the
meddlesome species, which dares to make void and vain all the results
of their great labor, than confess frankly that they. are wrong.

One by predilection a describer of new things, will look always
“rather for differences than for similiarities”, he will create new genera
and species at wholesale, while annother man working in the same line
but looking rather for similiarities than for differences will find many
genera of the former gentlemen scarcely worthy to be considered as
species and the new species of the same scarcely variations.

Then an endless war begins and who is right ?

I can not see what an immense benefit the world at large and the
Entomologist specifically may derive from the fact that a rubbed off,
broken species be named ‘‘Possdilitas n. gen. probadilis n. sp. I guess
we are not in such a hurry to have things named to be possibly sucha
species and belonging probably to such a genus. We always will wait
willingly tll: with more material on peed a ‘more. proper decision may
be cree:

Yet for many a great mind it is an invincible temptation to have his
own dear ‘‘mihi” appended to a poor creature that the chance has laid in
his hands, and if any dare differ from him, thenl!! ——~*F. G. Schaupp.

36 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. July 1883.)

Editors tables.

§ e
(In this department will be brought short notes from all sources, extracts from
correspondence, hints, queries, criticisms and the like, and any facts of interest that our
subscribers or correspondents may send to us will find a place here.— Elitors.)

Longevity of Beetles, Mer. O. Reinecke of Buffalo writes : “In the morning
of May 6th, I went with my partner Zesch, also a. coleopterist to a small oak-
wood situated near the park, to hunt for Microclytus gazellula. We cut there with
hatchets pieces from the bark of the oak-trees which fell in the umbrella spread
underneath and I hadsthe good fortune soon to secure four of those lovely little
Cerambycides. I put them into.a vial filled with pure alcohol and when arrived
home in the evening stook them, out and pasted them, on small stripes of card-
board with shellac dissolved in alcohol, which dries very quickly. I left them
two days on ¢ork-sheets and then put them into one of the boxes of my collection,
which close hermetically. ; ate if

: June Ist, viz 25 days afterwards I chanced ta open that ie and found to
my greatest astonishment three of them running around and the fourth could
not be found then in spite of careful researches. “I put them into the cyanide-
bottle, dnd by inspecting the box again next day (June 2nd) 1-found the fourth
also very comfortably walking around in the box ; probably he was hidden at
first on the underside of another species.

“had sometimes examples’ of longevity among the Curculios but never among
the Cerambycidae.

Man- -eating Lucilia. Prof. Snow of Kansas published in Psyche IV, 27, an
“interesting article spgeen ous [Man- -deyouring | habits of Lueilia macellaria
Fub., the screw worm.” ‘his little fly is common from Argentine Republic to
- Canada and is; well known to depredate on cattle and horses, as well as on men,
(synonyms are Lucilia hominivoraxz Coquerel and L. hominivorous Cenil ; South-
ee )) ;

The fly deposits its eges in oe nose of a; ( sleeping) man, the maggots cause
great pain, perforating and destroying all the tissue covering the cervical verte-
brae, the palatine hones, the os hyoides, the soft palate and causing in most in-

.__ Stances death. As many,as 300 larvae, were found in or dropped from one man’s

nose. Prof. Snow extracted some cases froni‘medical papers, in one them Dr.

‘J, Richardson of Moravia, Iowa, states that of twelve cases only one was known
ify $0] him, in which the. pationt recovered,

ay

Sea-shore- collectite, _ The waves haying torn away the extensive bathing
Pavillion of Brighton: Hotel, Coney Islahd, the Building was erected further
back, just at the place where. formerly Luge, to find Dyschirius sellutus quite fre-
quent. Now that ditch. having been laid ay, there was only a very small pool
left 4 x 1 feet and at this spot I found 16 D. sellatus, about half the size of those
captured in former years besides many J). sphacricollis, Omophron labiatum and
tesselatum, also many Heterocerus. Vhe Omophron labiatum were also very small.

F. G.5,

{August 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 37

Synopsis of the genera, of the N. A. Rhopalocera.
By John B. Smith.

The following table of genera has been compiled from actual examina-
tion of specimens in some groups, and from the works of Doubleday,
Westwood, Hewitson, Scudder, Butler, Morris. W.H. Edwards and others.
Hitherto no attempt has been made to tabulate all the genera or to give
in this form a comparative and condensed description of the genera. Mr.
Scudder in Vols. II and III of the Buffalo Bulletin. tabulates the Vym-
phales and Rurales (Lycaenids and Hryeinids) and in the Boston Trans-
actions classifies the Hesperidae without however satisfactorily defining the
genera proposed or used by him, In the Butterflies genus making has
been rampant and it is quite possible to find a different genus for every
species in our fauna. Genera without number, yea families and sub fa-
milies have been proposed, adopted and rejected—many without de-
scription, examination or study, and as a result there is a vast mass of
names created and lying in wait for some resurrectionist, to be used by
him to confuse and upset existing states of things and this opportunity
has been and will continue to be used. To show the confusion caused—-
Vanessa anhopa has that name on the continent. Mr. Scudder for
reasons given and which he deems satisfactory makes it the type of
Papilio while Mr. Kirby makes its near allies Mymphalis// So too of
others, and in fact nearly each author uses a different term for a given
insect and worse yet uses a given and well known term to apply to
entirely different insects. Prior to Doubleday, Hewitson and West—
wood’s great work many of the genera were undescribed ; that work gave
careful descriptions of all the genera known to them, illustrated in al-
most every instance by a species on their plates. Mr. Scudder is the only
American author that has done any systematic work in this line, but un-
fortunately he stands almost if not quite alone in his minute subdivi-
‘sions, creating a new genus or using an old one for each of our three
species of Vanessa so that I could use from him only structural characters
primarily dividing his groups. Mr. W. H. Edwards’ work on special
groups or genera has not been overlooked and Mr. Butler’s work in the
Satyridae and elsewhere has been used. I have adopted the system of
Doubleday and Westwood as used and modified by Mr. Edwards: in the
Flesperidae | have used the characters proposed by Dr. Speyer in the
appendix to Mr. Edwards’ catalogue. Premising thus much and that the
table has been compiled with particular reference to the American fauna
I shall tabulate according to families.

38 BULLETIN BRUOKLYN ENPOM. SOC. VOL. VE. August 1383. |

Primarily the Lepidoptera are divided into two Divisions.
Antennze clubbed at tip ; primaries at least and usually all wings elevated in repose

: Rhopalocera.
Antennae not clubbed at tip ; wings never continuously elevated in repose..Heterocera.

In some exotic species the antennx are hardly perceptibly clubbed
and in some Ge metridae the wings are elevat2d, but never as persistently
during long rest as in the Ahopalocera or diurmals as they are usually
called. No American species of butterfly departs from the characters
above given.

The diurnals are divided into families of very different extent and
value—the number recognized by different authors varying, one consider-
ing the families of another as mere subfamilies. Mr. W. H. Edwards
recognizes five in our fauna which may be distinguished as follows.
Head moderate, antennze approximate at base not ho»ked or a_utely terminated at tip,

all wings elevated in repose.
Imago with six fuliy developed legs in both sexes, chrysalis anzular girthed at
mid dlemlanvereloncateismOoothl . sane seers ees) e ot -0-o susie ieee Papilionidac.
Imago with anterior tarsi aborted in both sexes, usually exarticulate in the cf’; tibia
weak often brush like, chrysalis angular suspended by tail, larva often spined.

Nymphalidae.
Imago with complete but weak anterior tarsim ©. exarticulate and not spined in <j’
HATO Dll) ln (eaves tallota, lormmsia WWE | 55. o5 Sco cob oocscoccu couse Erycinidae.

Imago with anterior tarsi of Q complete, of ¢j' weak and spinulated, often only one
or two jointed, or if 5 jointed then never with complete claws at tip, chrysalis
subulate, girthed at middle, larva onisciform.................--. Lycaenidae.

Head very wide, antennze very widely seperated at base, usually hooked or acutely
terminated at tip, primaries always elevated in repose secondaries often horizon-
tal 6 perfect feet in both sexes, larva smooth with first segment corneous, chry-
Salis often ispinminesaiCOOCOON!. |), Meee ks. oe oe Hesperidae.

Of these I consider the Papilionidae, Nymphalidae, and Hesperidie as
entitled to family rank ; the L7ycimzdae are not sufficiently distinguished
from the Lycaenidae and they in turn are through the former family closely
related to the Nymphalidae. As an illustration, the genus Mumaeus may
be cited which is placed by some authors in the Lycaenidae and by others
in the Zryemzdae. For convenience I retain all the families, I have
placed the Papilonzdae first in the list though most systematists accord to
the Nymphalidae that rank. ‘The discussion of the question of rank is
not pertinent to the object of this paper, and I will only say that in my
opinion the development of the Papzlionidae, is quite as high in one di—
rection as that of the Wymphaldae is in another, Iam aware of all the
larval and pupal characters relied on by the advocates of both theories
and of the characters of the imago made use of by them.

{August 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. IV. 39

The Papidlionida: are divided as follows.
Anterior tibia with epiphysis ; hind margin of secondaries excavated and not grooved
((@) EOS SMEs UVC MONTES Ween EEE > cc's cio evict oid ele recog Ganieaa Papilioninae.
Anterior tibia without epiphysis ; secondaries with hind margin modified to form a
eroovercnvelopimetie abdomen) beneaihmeas sees e ase eee: Pierinac.

The Pierimae have been given family 1ank by some authors but they
certainly can not be placed on an equality with the Hesperidae and given
the same family value. The tibial epiphysis is a small, concavo convex
lappet like organ, attached near to or above the middle of the inner side
of the tibia, and covering a small excavation. It is universally present in
the Vo. fuidae, but is only found in the Papelionidae and Hesperidae in the
Rhopalocera. Westwood and others call it a spur, but it is not at all
s.:iuilar to the spurs of the median and posterior tibia. Speyer in Edwards
catalogue, calls it the tibial epiphysis and I adopt the term. The Pap:-
fon. mae are represented in our fauna by two genera.

Wings densely clothed with scales, antennal club arquate, secondaries more less distinctly

tailed... eb ee eee eee ee eens nt cee ne ees Papilio.
Wings sparsely clothed with scales, antennal club not arcuate, secondaries entire, not

dentate or tailed, abdomen of © witha corneous pouch near tip..... Parnassius.
The Fwzrinae are more numerously represented ; the genera are as
follows.
Antennee abruptly terminating in an ovoid club.
Head small short,

Antenne: moderate, palpi slightly compressed, terminal joint long, color white or

pale Yellow, variegated with black, pupa angular................... Pieris.

Antennze short, palpi much compressed terminal joint short, color yellow or

orange, with an auroral patch at summit of primaries, usually present at least

Gmtie) Gao = [a Dt ROM 3 eS NL ARE Anthocharis,
Heath large, bristled, antennze very short anterior margin of secondaries in (j' with
AMmOvaAlucdangularsnalce iia Press Onesie yest ey rel .....Nathalis,

Antenne gradually enlarging to an obconic club.
Secondaries without silvered spots beneath.
Antennal club truncate, primaries with costal margin moderately convex.....

Kricogonia,
Antennal club not truncate, rounded; primaries with a decided shoulder, near
[SSDS Se NR EPROM fot oro GE HA? Ste Pe onlGr eN REE Toerias,

Secondaries with a silver or ferruginous discal spot beneath.
Antennze moderate, slender, slightly arquate, club not truncate, inner margin of

PHITINSS SONA Sea) Seo oe aoe aCe ol eeip ome erica ciereae Callidr>-as,
Antenne short, stout, straight, club truncate, inner margin of primaries straight.
Colias,

The order of the genera here is not that to be adopted for the
cabinet ; that of the Brooklyn Check list may be used. Both Cohas and

4() BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. August 1883. ]

Pieris have been subdivided into two or by some authors three or more
genera, but I can not convince myself that they are distinct. Each of
the genera has a color appearance that renders it easily recognizable.

The Nymphahdae are much more numerously represented in our
fauna, and they have been divided into several sub families, to which
some authors accord family rank. They may be distinguished as follows.

Secondaries not grooved for the reception of abdomen.
Wines marrows ourenmarcim ronnded -) een ee. -:- 1). ) 7 ia cree Heliconinae,
Secondaries with groove for reception of abdomen. :
Palpi short.
Veins not dilated at base.
Subcostal nervure 5 branched, discal cell of secondaries evidently closed

Danainae,
Sub costal nervure 4 branched, discal cell of secondarics open, or closed by a
WeLyeslenderwveltl ets oe. c.0<) sie SAB yc 24) oleae Nymphalinae.§

Veins dilated at base.
IDiscall Gall oF SeComclamES OSM, os55->5sc0saeeasdsvsesse- .-Nymphalinae.§
iDiceal Gall oir se@omelannes @lOSeCh | oo. 2 ods deoses5 enna sao od c Satyrinae.
Palpi very long, projecting into a horizontal snout........... Were Ss Libytheinae.

The Heliconinae are sparingly represented in our fauna, and there
is only one species (¢harioniz) that has any claim at all to be considered
as properly belonging to it: some others are occasionally found not far from
the southern borders and these I include. The genera are,

Internal nervure of secondaries present.
Median nervure 3 branched wings diaphanous.
Antennze moderate, thorax stout, wings elongate rounded ; secondaries rather

SNORE a ae ecco ly. Sa Rae eee oll oe Dircenna.
Antenne long, thorax small, secondaries muchelongate.............. Ithomia,*
Median nervure of secondaries apparently 4 branched................ Mechanitis, f

Internal nervure wanting.
head sproadweyeSnveny prominent qiaite nize mlONGe ne te ee eee Heliconia.
The genera all look very much alike and the insects are all very
brightly colored and handsome.

The Danainae have but a single representation genus here. i. e.
Danazs easily known by the family characters and a peculiar swelling or
raised black spot on the secondaries of the <j.

§ Ceratina as used by Strecker in his catalogue is only a § of Ithomia.

t Apparently only, for it is merely the junction of the discoidal nervure with the
3rd which gives the former the appearance of a 4th branch.

[August 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 4d

The Wymphalinae are by all odds most numerously represented in
our fauna, and the most difficult to seperate: I have arranged them in
the table in the manner which in my opinion will enable them to be

most easily recognized.
Discal cell of primaries closed, of secondaries open.
Veins of primaries more or less dilated at base.

Palpi stout, tapering to tip, secondaries entire.....................- Gystineura.
Palpi slender. equal, secondaries angulate, sub caudate primaries sub falcate
Eunica,

Veins of primaries not at all inflated at base.
Piibi-e mot spinose =.) Shes... : 27 RR SET eg ESS FO eek Colaenis.
Tibize spinose.
Secondaries not dentate caudate or scolloped.

Internal margin of primaries more or less sinuate................ Agraulis.

Internal margin of primaries not sinuate. :
Outer margin of primaries. straigth or rounded scarcely emarginate or

sinuate.

Wings broad triangular, head moderate small; size large... ... Limenitis,
Wings narrower, apices more produced head large, body robust..Melitaea.
Wings as before, more elongate, antennee more abruptly clavate palpi

EXCH IONE pete Oe clo RMN SE, cao Cictates OMIA EMERG eters Oke pote ee Eresia,
Wings subtriangular, apex truncate outer margin of primaries slightly

ENTIAL SIN ALC i... arene er CcIaa a TerSh eR 1 aye Veg Synchloe,

Outer margin of primaries strongly sinuate, apices produced, rounded.
Pyrameis

Secondaries dentate, margins of primaries sSubsmuate, wings rather narrow
Euptoieta.
Secondaries scolloped, primaries wide inner margin straight...... Heterochroa,
Secondaries lobate. or slightly tailed, primaries subangulate.......... Anartia.

. Discal cell of both wings closed. e
Secondaries tailed or angulate.
Tibia and tarsi densely spinose ; tail, of secondaries moderate. inner half of outer
inmTaaMN maNVwIElN Mororetsre Aen OWN cin ooacceeeneseneneenne vevece Eurema.
Tibia and tarsi feebly spined.
Primaries subfalcate, apex acute, body robust, wings wide, secondaries angular.
Paphia.
Primaries elongate, subtriangular, body very robust, secondaries scolloped.
Megistanis.
Secondaries not tailed nor angulate. A
Head broad, antennze short, club pyriform, wings broad outer margin subsinuate.

; Argynnis,
Head moderate, antennze short, club obovate with acute point; primaries with
more arched costa and more sinuate outer margin................ Diadema.

Discal cell of both wings open.
Secondaries lobate or tailed. i
Tails long, eyes naked, primaries angulate tibia and tarsi feebly spined....Timetes.

\

42 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL. August 1885] my

Tails short acute, eyes naked, primaries large, tibia and tarsi densely spined....

. _ -Vietorina.
Tails short, rounded, eyes densely hairy, primaries angulate, secondaries angulate
andimaroin: scolloped) 25 22)... Mamie set) 0 eS Vanessa.

Secondaries not lobate or tailed.
Primaries falcate, body very robust anal angle of secondaries prominent

Agonisthos.

Primaries not angulate.
Eyes hairy, head broad, form stout wings triangular, secondaries obovate...

Callicore.

Eyes naked.
Tarsi strongly spined, outer margins of wings not scolloped....... Junonia.
Tarsi feebly spined outer margin of secondaries scolloped.........Apatura,

In the table I have omitted Phyciodes which I think is not sufficiently
distinct from Alitaea and Grapta which is equal to Vanessa. I have
added a number of genera usually omitted in lists of our fauna and which
indeed may not belong to it; Mr. Strecker catalogues them and usually
auct Reakirt but Mr. Edwards does not include them in his list. The
differences between the genera are very small indeed if structure be alone
referred to, and the genera are more usually identified by their markings.
An Argynnis once seen will be always Known and the closely allied
génera are recognized by color peculiarities more easily than by their
scientific or systematic characters.

The Satyrinae have also a very good representation here and they

may be recognized as follows,
Wings elongate, primaries with greatly produced apices and oblique outer margin,

Middle tibia scarcely half as long as femur...........-.......-...... Hipparchia..
Middle tibia‘more than half as long as femur....................5..)05 Chionobas.
Wings more rounded, apices of primaries not produced.
Three principal nervures of primaries inflated at base............ -Coenonympha.
Not more than two veins inflated. :
@lab otvantennes distinet, abrupt, fattemeditn.: |). 2-1 /-)se ee eens Brebia.
Club of antennee gradual, scarcely or not at all flattened.
Middle tibia profusely armed with long stout spines.............. Gyrocheilus-

Middle tibia without spines or with but a few small weak spinules.
Veins of primaries suddenly and greatly inflated.

Margin of secondaries slightly dentate or waved................ Satyrus.

Margins of secondaries entire : two nerves inflated.......... Neonympha.

Costal nervure only inflated, palpi twice as long as head........ Ageronia.
Veins of primaries very slightly and gradually swollen or inflated.

Secondaries lentine mO bd emtarey yay getereme eile han pe lene eee Satyrodes.

Secondaries distinctly dentate, sub caudate....................... Debis.

Ageronia was placed by Mr, Westwood in a seperate family; by
Mr Strecker our species is placed among the Mymphahdae; from its

[August 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC VOL. VI. 43

characters I conceive it to be a Sadyrid, and do not think that Mr. West-
woods reasons for elevating the genus to family rank are good.

The Libyrhernae are represented only by a single genus easily distin—
guished from all other butterflies by the enormously long palpi projecting
snoutlike forward. The genus is: Libythea.

The £rycinidae have but a small representation in our fauna, generi-
cally and specifically considered:and some of these are but doubtfully
American.

The genera said to occur here are as follows:

Eyes hairy.
Antennze with flattened club, thorax robust hind legs short stout........Nemiobius.
Antennz with incurved club, thorax small, hind legs long and slender..... Charis§

Eyes naked or very finely pilose.
Thorax ovate: primaries with costa arched, apex obtuse or rounded, median and

posterior legs short, robust, densely clothed with long scales........ Eurygona.
Thorax robust, costa of primaries straight or but slightiy arched apices subacute,
middle and hind legs long and slender closely scaled.............. Lemonias.

Thorax robust wings large entire, antennze short robust ; wings usually more or less
4 . .
suffused with metallic scales: beneath, with numerous patches of the same

Eumaeus.
Thorax small, apex of wing rounded, costa but little arched legs as before...Charis,

Eumaeus is probably only an occasional visitant. It is sometimes
classed with the Lycaenzdae but | prefer to leave it here for the present.
The next family is the Zycaendae, characterized by their small size
usually blue or copper color whence their name “blues” and “coppers”
often with very slight filiform tails and sometimes (Z/ec/a) ornamented
beneath with fine lines, whence they have been called “hair streaks.”

The genera are as follows.

Wings rather short ; costa of primaries decidedly arcuate ; secondaries elongate, inner
margin longest, often dentate; generally with filiform tails. Species usually
smoky gray or dull fuscous with an anal ocellate spot above ............ Thecla,

Wings more elongate, costa but slightly arcuate, apices determinate: secondaries
rarely tailed or dentate, more rounded, costal margin longest, color at least in
one sex blue; often ocellate below ; eyes naked, spinulation of tarsi feeble....

Lycaena.

As before ; eyes hairy, spinulation of tarsi strong.................... Chrysophanus.
Wings large, primaries with rounded outer margin, costa arcuate at outer third: secon-
daries triangulate entire, not tailed, color fulvousemarked with black.....Fenesica,

Chrysophanus \ consider identical with Lycaena. With a few species
only at hand or seperation of the genera in easy ; with a large collection
of native and exotic species I have found it impossible to make any satis-
factory division into well marked genera: the characters are obscure not

Bane! ON DAS
tae i
a y
4A BULLETIN BRIOKLYN ENTOM. SOU. VOL. VI. August 1883.)

permanent and the tarsi in some Chrysophanus are quite as feebly spined :

as they are in Lycaena.

Thecla is generally easily distinguished by the form of the wings,
which however often approaches some species of /ycaena——especially
those of the Chrysophanus group. In the latter there are variations of
wing form without number but asa whole the primaries are narrower
and longer, and the secondaries have the costal instead of the internal
margin longest. éenesica is in wing form somewhat different from the

- others of the family and the marking is unique. Mr. Scudder in Buf.
Bul. II] 98 et seq divides this family into 33 genera ! ! !

The next and last family is the Aesperidae, numerous in species, which
are Closely allied ; their fascies is peculiar and they can be readily enough
recognized by the characters given in the table of families.

The genera are as follows.

Elina tira without middie:spurs. :\.\: 5... years. +s son. =. 0. eee Carterocephalus,
Hind tibia with middle spurs.
Tibize (at least the middle pair) spined.
Secondaries not produced at anal angle.

Primaries elongate, blunt, abdomen exceeding secondaries ..... Ancyloxypha.
Primaries shorter, costal margin curved at base, concave at middle, abdomen
scarcely attaining hind angle of secondaries............... Amblyscirtes.

Secondaries produced at anal angle.
Antennz with on ovoid club, tip conical blunt.....2............ Thymelicus.
Antenne with club suddenly bent at tip with a much contracted pointed little
hook nearly half as long as the club.........................-Pamphila§

Tibia not spined.
Primaries of J’ without costal fold.
Antenne short, suddenly inflated into an ovoid subtruncate club. . . Copeodes:
Antenne longer, club ovoid suddenly bent at tip (as above deser ibe) Pamphila.§
Primaries of (f' with costal fold, without discoidal stigmata.
Brush at base of antennze long, distinct.
Club of antennze ovoid or rounded at tip, somewhat compressed... . . Pyrgus.
Club of antennze spindle shaped.
Brush at base of antenne bristly,, tibia and femur densely clothed’ with
long hair.
Palpi moderate, densely clothed with bristly hair...... ...... Thanaos.

, Palpi shorter less densely bristled, club more slender... .. Pi : Systasea.

Brush at base of antennze with scaly hair, not bristles.
Palpi more prominent than in Thanaos hind tibia with fewer and shorter

PRL Me ot AR SEAR QR FR Pholisora.
Brush at base of Antennze very short.

Club of antennze very slender, elongate, very strongly bent and terminating

in a long fine point ; wings oftentailed.................... Eudamus.
Club of antennze very short and thick acutely. terminated; wings not tailed
Aegiale

‘

[August 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. IV. 45

| The following genera of esperzdae were accidentally omitted from
the Synopsis and the omission was not discovered until too late to insert in

taeir proper place in the table ; the characters here given will I hope enable

students to recognize them.

Achylodes has the family characters but differs from all other American genera in
the wing form which is regular ; the primaries are acute, pointed, emarginate beneath
tip ; the secondaries are subangulate. Antennze long and slender, club elongate curved,
tip acute, slightly recurved.

Pyrrhopyga. Body very robust, wings small, head and tail often clothed with
orange scales. Head large, palpi convex, closely appressed to front, terminal joint
minute. Antennze short thick, terminated by a curved robust-club, obtuse at tip. Wing
form of Hudamus.

Erycides differs from the preceeding only by the slender hooked termination. of
the anteunze ; wing form of Pamphila.

The two last mentioned genera closely resemble Hudamus in their
superficial appearance and in all essential structural characters ; the prim-
aries however are a little more pointed and the insects are a little more

“rakish” in appearance.

e

rr b> ae

Olla Podrida.
By W. J. Holland, D. D.

When at Berkeley Springs, last summer, I found a larva of Cithero-
mia sepulchrahs, feeding on the scrub-pine. I placed it in a tin box
plentifully sujplied with provender, and carried it with me wa Wash-
ington to the White Sulphur Springs. It made its last moult there
and continued to feed. About the time I was ready to leave, it

showed a disposition to pupate. I took a small box and filled it with

clay and moulded in it a cell large enough to accommodate his majesty.
I covered the cell with a layer of clay, leaving a hole in the top for pur-
pose of inspection, and wrapping it all up in cotton carried it with me; my
route was to Indianapolis, via Cincinnati. At Lexington, Ky., I took a peep
into the box. ‘The insect seemed comfortable. On reaching the hotel
where I spent a day in Cincinnati. I found to my delight that there was
a Chrysalis, green in color, and perfect in form in the cell, By night it
had became black, and hard. A couple of weeks ago I had the pleasure
of seeing a perfect moth emerge. I venture to suggest this is the first
larva of Crtheronia sepulchrahs that has pupated on an express train. And
I commend my plan of helping nature to those who may be travelling and
who may chance to find the larvee of rare moths which transform in the
ground, |

46 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SUvu. VOL. VI. August 1883]

*

Last December shortly before the Christmas holidays a hat store in
Pittsburgh was found to be alive with specimens of Alta argillacea
The clerks say nearly a peck of them were swept out into the snow.
The windows were alive with them and in every cranny and behind every
hat box they were found, ‘The weather was very cold at the time,
though the building was warm. I have a number of specimens of the
swarm, a young entomological friend having captured in his cyanide jar
nearly a pint of them. Mr. A. Koebele, of Washington, D. C., informs
me that this is the most northerly instance known of the swarming of this
species so late in the season. Where did they come from?

XK
7K s

The singular difference between the mouth organs of the two sexes ~

in Lupsahs minuta has been noted with curiosity by naturalists My
esteemed friend Dr. John Hamilton of Allegheny, Pa. tells me the male
employs the singular forceps with which he is armed in extricating the
proboscis of the female from the bark of the tree in which she sometimes
gets stuck boring a hole in which to deposit her eggs. Here is certainly
a most remarkable provision on the part of nature to meet contingencies.
The family starts out with an auger and a pair of plumbers tongs with
which to do the mechanical work necessary to the perpetuation of the
speeies.

°

eri

On the Anatomy on the N. A. Noctuidae.
Part I. The Legs.

(Continued from p. 34.)

Flerminia (Chylolita) morbidalis, is almost the reverse of the foregoing
so far as the anterior legs of the ¢' are concerned : the median and post-
erior legs are long and slender, showing no remarkable peculiarity and the
anterior legs of the O are except for the proportion, in which they agree
with the <j‘, normal. The j' has the anterior coxa, femur and tibia
of nearly equal length and very slender, the coxa is very decidedly exca—
vate above leaving only a mere shell, and there is a heavy brush of hair,
attached at base. The femur is equally slender, and also excavated
above and it has a very heavy brush of hair attached at “p. The tibia is
slender, has a very decided excavation at base on the inner side covered
by the small lappet, and has the entire outer side grooved for the recep-
tion of the heavy brush of hair attached at base. The unusually slender

;
}
|

{August 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC VOL. VI. 47

anterior legs, so grooved as to have,them practically without strength at
all, render this genus peculiar. Similar to it is Zanclognatha ; here also
the °¥\ of some of the species have the tufts and excavation of Hermuinza,
but not all are so modified.

In addition to the modified anterior legs, the proportionately long
median and posterior pairs, with the unequal and slender spurs dist-
inguish this section. The spurs are more weak and slender than in WVoc-
tua, and are clothed to the tip with scales.

Copto-nemis Ze)l, which is unknown to me except from descriptions
seems to be peculiar by the form of the posterior tibia, which is said to be
decidedly bent inwardly just below the knee.

Pailthis is another genus peculiar i in some respects. The general font
of the legs is like Herminza, and the sexual tuftings are identical ; the
lappet covering the excavation of anterior tibia is unusually small, the
spinulation of tarsi present but almost obsolete and the claw of the tarsi
proportionately very small. The posterior femur has an excavation on
the upper side from before the middle to the tip.

Bomolocha seems to have the peculiarities of this section only, among
which are the brushes on the anterior legs of S of some of the species,

Plathypena has the anterior coxze 3 as long as the femora, but does
not otherwise differ from the other genera of this section.

Sufficierit has now been given to show the drift of variation. This
in the coxa is a gradual increase in size and mobility from the highest
group to the lowest, in which it equals the femur in the anterior leg, and
is only slightly less moveable,

The femur seems to gain in length, and loose in weight as we go
downward, and while only slightly grooved in the higher groups, is dec—
idedly so in the lower.

The tibize vary in different ways: the anterior, from the form shown
in dAgrots to the form shown in Z/iwopzs, in one direction, and to the
form shown in Zermimia in the other: Schima is the type of a very
peculiar group, diverging from the type (Vocfwa in many respects other
than that of the legs: it is indoubtedly a Heliothid but closely related to
the Plustadae and Acontadae, giving each of these groups for the nonce
family terminations. The median tibize seem to present a smaller range
of variation, becoming only longer and more slender. The posterior
seems to present no greater range of variation ; but the spurs do. Weak
short and equal in the Gomdycid group they attain their greatest strength
in the type /Voc/ua, increasing in length but becoming more weak in the

; A wes pee 7 _

48 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. August 1883.)

Deltoidae. The proportion they bear to each other also varies, the inner
becoming longer in the lower groups.

The tarsi present no important variations, but the claws do. Simple
in the Bombycid group, they are distinctly, though not strongly dentate
in the typical /Vocfuwa, becoming more decidedly so in the Heliothid group
above referred to: Lower in the scale they become more flattened, and
decrease in size in the lowest: they are bifid in one instance but usually
have a long acute tooth as in Huchdia.

A characteristic feature of the lower groups is the difference in sex ;
In the type ocfua there is scarcely any difference between the sexes so
far as the clothing of the legs are concerned. Lower in the scale, the
6s have them clothed with longer hair, until in the lowest group we
find the Herminia type most common.

=n) + 2

Ova of Amphidasis cognataria.

On June 3rd I obtained eggs of this insect. They are cylindrical. in
shape, with hemispherical ends: surface with longitudinal rows of concave
hexagonal facets : color greyish green, length .75 mm, transverse diameter
.375 mm. The female from which the eggs were obtained deposited
about 500. A. W. P. Cramer.

ieee

Dr. James 8S. Bailey.

It is with feelings of sincere sorrow and regret that we have to record
the death of Dr. Bailey of Albany, New York. Dr. Bailey was well
known to all collectors and students of Lepidoptera, and many a beginner
has a vivid recollection of aid in information and specimens obtained
from him. He was an enthusiastic collector, a patient student and while
he never did much as a systematist yet his patient observation of the
habits and history of many wood borers—Cossus particularly—whose lives
extend through a period of several years entitle him to a high rank as an
entomologist. Ready for publication prior to his death was a work con-
taining the results of his observations on some Cossidae, illustrated by
colored plates. We hope that this work will still appear, and its appear-
ance will enhance the regret felt at the loss of so careful and conscientious
an observer.

[September 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC VOL. VI. 49

SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA.

CALATHUS 2on.

See Dr. Leconte’s Synopsis of the species of Platynus and allied genera, inhabiting the
United States. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1854, pag. 36.

Thorax not narrowed behind, basal foveze obsolete.

Body elongate, thorax as broad as long.

Sitlesmmocderatchynehexedeecnrs qos. ste waht emia deyeistalele -pictstcls bbl pregarius.
Snes WENO My) GEOR eA SU RANGA «lc can obo ee HyidGOuaCOnOn 2. ingratus.
Sides moderately depressed, elytra subopaque.................. 3. opaculus.

Sides scarcely rounded, very little depressed, scarcely narrowed at apex, elytra

RUNOPA CHIE, a eeeercrs Ay ste Alys:., « s, «PUMA Mere neLarar ats eke ayant 4. quadricollis.
Body less elongate, thorax broader than long, elytra subopaque,

Sides much rounded depressed)iiia.;4 =. 'ctenvnateyA peers sake aceaens 5. Behrensii.
Sides little rounded, depressed, thorax towards base gradually narrower....

6. obscurus.
Sides much rounded; scarcely depressed............-.-----: --- 7. ruficollis.

Thorax narrowed behind, basal foveze broad.
Maneinvof thorax broadly reflexed <). ..f.5--easens veeu aii aie bs 8. advena.
Thorax nearly rounded, basal foveze large.

Thorax a little longer than broad, scarcely narrowed behind ; elytral strize deep,

HST OSS COTS. Bein os ce RRM a acl 3 crite MOCO OG oe 9. impunctatus.

Thorax obovate, convex, basal foveze deep, narrow, elytral strize fine, inter—

SLES alee I ee eee ic ee MES ct or OR eS 10. dubius.
Bibliceraphy.

I. gregarius, De}. Spec. If], 76. Say. Trans. Am, Ent. Soc. Il, 47. distingendus,
Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. II, 49, N. Y. to Fla. Tex. 10.8 mm.

2. ingratus, De}. Spec. Ill. 77. confusus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1854, p. 36. incom-
modus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1853, III, 139. Alaska, Can. 8 to9 mm.

. opaculus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1854, 37. M.S. & W. St. 9 to 11 mm.
. quadricollis, Lec. 1. c. Cal, 7 to 10.5 mm.

. Behrensii, Mann. Bull. Mose. 1843, II, 195.

. obseurus, Lec. 1. c. p. 37; Cal. 10.8 mm.

. ruficollis, Dej. Spec. II, 78; Lec. 1. c. Cal. g to 10.8 mm.

. advena, Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 217. mollis, Esch. Mem. Mosc. 1823, VI, 141. dulcis.
Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1853, III, 141. Alaska, Lake Sup. N. H. 9g to 10 mm.

9. impunctatus, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. II, 45. americanus, Dej. Spec. III, 83,
N. Y. M. St. 10 to 11 mm.

10. dubius, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1854, p. 38. Col., N. Mex. 12 to 13 mm.

on OM PW

50 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. ~ September 1883]

SYNOPTIC TABLE OF THE SPECIES OF

BRADYCELLUS /.

See Dr. Leconte's Notes on the species of Agonoderus, Bradycellus and Stenolophus
inhabiting America north of Mexico. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1868, pag. 379.

Form very elongate, thorax with a strongly beaded margin, the basal impressions long
and deep. Middle tarsi of male with squamules............... linearis,
Form not very elongate, thoracic bead very narrow, basal impressions short not deep,
often very feeble. Middle tarsi of male without squamules.
Meadspunctured mean ithe eyes postertorly weer as sla. ces eee eee copnatus.
Head smooth.

Hind angles of thorax broadly te aa scarcely punctured........... neglectus.

Hind angles of thorax distinct.
Thorax without punctures near the hind angies................... cordicollis.
Thorax distinctly punctured.
Hind angles of thorax obtuse, thorax wider than long.
Basal impressions broad, shallow, strongly punctured, and thorax obliquely

Subsinuate near base! <2): = sae chs sisson aciot & pee eee rupestris,
Basal impressions broad, sparsely pemctared,, thorax scarcely sinuate near
DASH tahoe tr) Ue MI ect a ON ee tantillus.
Basal impressions feeble with a few punctures only, thorax as in tantillus...
nigriceps.

Hind angles of thorax rectangular or nearly so, thorax subsinuate behind
the middle.
Thorax a little wider than long, hoe impressions more punctured......

californicus.
Thorax nearly as wide as long, basal impressions sparsely and finely

OUIIMGtare aie NN Hc yapayak ofeuspaa eee ene eee ees A Slane acatlanag Cea rivalis.

linearis Lec. New Spec. I, 16. Pa. Wisc. 5.5 mm.

copnatus Payk. Fn. Suec. I, 146. Dej. Icon. t. 194 f. 3. longiusculus. Mann. Bull.
Mosc. 1853, III, p. 125 ; nitens, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1858p. 60, awillaris Mann.
Bull. Mosc. 1853. p. 124. Europe and North America. 4.5 to 5 mm.

neglectus Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 407, Trans. Am. Philos. X, 385. Makinaw Isld.
3.25 mm.

cordicollis Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 406. Lake Sup. 5 mm.

rupestris Say, Trans. Am. Philos. IJ, 91; elongatulus De}. Spec. IV, 457 ; flavipes
Kirby, Fn. Bor. Am. TV, 47, cinetus Say, Trans. Ami. Philos. IV, 434 ; congener
Lec. Ann, Lyc. IV, 306; paraillelus Chaud. (Extr.) Rey. et Mag. Zool. 1868,
p- 16. ? debilipes, Say. Trans. Am. Philos. IV, 425. U. St. 4.75 mm.

tantillus Dej. (Acupalpus) Spec. IV. 465. Chaud. (Extr.) Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1868,
p- 17. difficilis Dej. Spec. IV, 435. U. St. 3 mm.

nigriceps Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1868, p. 381. N. J., Va. 3.75 mm.

californicus Lec. Pac. R. R. Expl. XI, 2. Ims, 29. Cal. 3 to 3.25 mm.

Yivalis Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1858, p. 61. Col. 3.75 mm. f

a

[September 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. ol

' SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA.

‘TACHYCELLUS “orw,
By Geo. H. Horn, M. D.

This genus differ from Bradycellus in having three joints of the antennz glabrous,
The third joint and even the first two are not entirely hairless, but they have not that
fine pubescence which occur in the following joints.
Our species are as follows :
Elytra with the entire number of strize.
Hind angles of thorax rectangular.
Black, legs black (except the base of tibize); base of thorax impunctured......
nigrinus.
More or less testaceous, legs pale.
Thorax wider at base than long, its color piceous with a very narrow pale edge

Kirbyi.

Thorax not wider at base than long.
Thorax testaceous with large central piceous spot............... atrimedius.
IMGs: TESECSUIS AAD Has ae SeIRMEINA 6 Gott cir neeniotin tas OSlobR aoe Es nebulosus,
Helin amos olmorak OSE Alvis... . «sey Ape ER at a)s isles, ePssnern ode badiipennis.
Elytra nearly smooth, the two strize nearest the suture alone impressed....... nitidus.

The males of these species (except nitidus) have distinct squamules on the middle
tarsi. In nitidus the second ventral segment at middle has two small pubescent spots
the one behind the other. In Bradycellus the existence of one spot is usual, but it has
never been observed in any other Tachycellus.

T. nigrinus Dej. (Harpalus) Spec. IV, 399; Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1843, II, p. 213;
Motsch. Kaef. Russl. 22 ; quadricollis Lec. (Geobeenus) Ann. Lyc. IV, 405. var.
tibialis Kirby, (Trechus) Fauna Am. Bor. IV, 46. Length 5.5 to 6.5 mm.
Alaska, Cal. Can.

The form described by Kirby differs only in having the hind angles of the thorax
less distinct than in the typical form. 'The number of specimens now in hand makes
it possible to place tibialis as a synonym as was intimated by Dr. Leconte (Proc. Ac.
1868, p. 382,)
fT. Kirbyi n. sp. Piceous, shining, elytra with base and sides paler, legs testaceous.

Head smooth, antennze piceous, three basal joints paler. Thorax broader than

long, sides moderately arcuate in front, slightly sinuate posteriorly, hind angles

acutely rectangular, dise feebly convex, lateral margin narrowly rufous, median
line rather deeply impressed, basal impressions broad, but not deep, coarsely and
sparsely punctured. Elytra piceous, paler at base and sides and often along the
suture, basal margin interrupted at the scutellar stria, which is moderately long,
surface rather deeply striate, intervals slightly convex. Body beneath smooth.

Length 24 inch. 6 mm.

This species has the form of badiipennis, but has the hind angles of the thorax
acutely rectangular, in this respect it'agrees with atrimediws which is however a more
elongate and parallel species, very differently colored.

Described from specimens collected by Mr. Johnson Pettit near Grimsby, Ontario.
octurs also in Ohio.

52 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. September 1883. }

\

T. atrimedius Say, (Feronia) Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. II, 39; similis Kirby (Trechus)
Faun. Bor. Am. IV, 48. Length 7 mm. Can. to Texas.

T. nebulosys Lec. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. X, 385; suturalis Lec. (Acupalpus) Ann.
Lye. IV, 411. Length 4.5 mm. Ga. to Texas.

T. badiipennis Hald. (Stenolophus) Proc. Ac. I, 302; Lec. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc.
X, 385 ; ruficrus Lec. (Geoboeenus) Ann. Lyc. IV, 304 ; lugubris Lec. ibid. p. 305.
Length 5to6mm. Can. to Kans. and Va.

T. nitidus De}. (Acupalpus) Spec. IV, 474 ; Mann. Bull, Mosc. 1843. II, p. 214.
Length 4.5 to6.5 mm. Or., Cal.

Other details of the species above cited will be found in a paper by. Dr. Leconte

(Proc. Ac. 1868, p. 379) in'which they are included in Bradycellus,

ee

DISCODERUS Lec.
By Geo. H. Horn, M. D.

'The species of this genus very closely resemble each other and are extremely difii-
cult to separate in any tabular arrangement. The following table will assist in their
recognition, but can not be entirely depended upon with uniques.

plhovaxmarrowedyabaper see 5312.5 Li cele cs) eae) = Gest! « v,0la spice eee parallelus,
Thorax with base and apex equal, the sides regularly arcuate.

Side margin of thorax depressed posteriorly and slightly reflexed........ impotens.

side margin! mot reflexed? 22-20) 2. san. pier ridin 6.0 sions he Ae ee teneprosus.
Thorax distinctly narrower at base. ;

BockylalbovexpiceOus iy ier. etic aia) sire core el RCM 5 onc) «lini toa ee rene gS ee ee robustus-

Body above bicolored, thorax and head rufo- Pickus the elytra bluish... .amoenus.

iD parallelus Hald. (Selenophorus) Proc. Ac. I, 301; Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 290.

In this species the thorax is perceptibly narrower at apex than at base. The side
margin posteriorly is narrowly depressed, and with numerous minute punctures. Color
piceous without metallic lustre, antenne pale. Length 7 to 7.5 mm.

Occur most abundantly in Texas and New Mexico, but specimens haye been re-
ceived from Pa. and Ga,

D. impotens Lec. Journ. Ac. IV, 1858, p. 14. ?americanus Motsch. Bull. Mosc. 1850,

Ill, p. 137. pl. 3, fig. 3.

Beneath rufo-piceous above piceous with slight greenish surface lustre. Thorax
equally wide at base and apex, with side margin depressed posteriorly and yery slightly
reflexed. Tength 9mm. Occurs in Texas, Arizona and New Mexico.

D. tenebrosus Lec. (Selenophorus) Ann. Lyc. IV, 291.

Piceous, surface without metallic lustre, legs somewhat paler, antennee testaceous.

Thorax equally wide at base and apex, the side margin not depressed. Length 5:5 mm.
Occurs in New Mexico and is our elise: species.
D. robustus n. sp.

Brownish beneath, piceous or black aboye, legs pale when less mature, antennze
pale. Form rather robust. Thorax distinctly narrower at base than at apex, the side-
margin vaguely clepressed. with very few minute punctures and slightly wrinkled along

[September 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC VOL. VI. o3

the base. Fiytra deeply striate, the mtervals flat. Metasternal episterna short, scarcely
longer than wide in front. Length 8.5 to 11 mm.

This is the largest and most robust in its facies ot any species in our fauna.

Occurs in Arizona.
D. amenus Lec. New Species 1863, p. 14.

‘Body beneath, head and thorax rufo-piceous, elvtra with bluish surface lustre.
Thorax narrower at base than at apex, the margin narrowly depressed and reflexed
posteriorly with a few punctures along the base. Length 8.5 mm.

The slender form and style of coloration render this sBeeics at once the prettiest
and most easily known of the genus.

Occurs in Utah and New Mexico.

‘The genus Discoderus belongs to that series of the Harpalide Carabidze in which the
afiterior tarsi of the male are not dilated. The males however, have the middle ‘tibize
more curved than the females and denticulate within. The last ventral segment of the
males has but one setigerous puncture on each side of the anus while the females
have two.

or

ACONODERUS /¢.

(a without gonos angle dera neck.)
See Leconte Notes on the Species of Agonoderus etc. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1868. p. 373.

Body stouter and more convex, thorax transverse, quadrate oval.
Hind angles of thorax much rounded.

Pale yellow above, thorax with two discoidal spots, scutellar stria long, elytra with

two dark stripes, separated by the sutural terval ; dorsal punctures distinct

1, lineola Fab.

Dark testaceous or piceous, narrow margin of thorax and broader one of the

elytra pale ; scutellar stria shorter, dorsal punctures wanting 2, infuscatus De).

Rody more elongate, less convex ; thorax scarcely wider than long, subtrapezoidal,
more or less distinctly narrowed behind ; elytra with one dorsal puncture.

Larger species, color pale, elytra with a wide black stripe, divided by the suture ;

disc of thorax frequently with a large black spot, head always black

3. pallipes Fab.

Smailer species.
Head black, scutellar stria distinct.
Thorax pale, body beneath dusky
Basal impressions well marked with a few coarse punctures, elytra with broad
dusky stripe or cloud, divided by the sutural interval thorax dusky beneath
4, partiarius Say.
Basal impressions less marked and more sparsely punctured, elytra dusky
with suture and margingpale ; thorax and sometimes abdomen pale... ...

5. pauperculus Dej.
Thorax with a large blackish spot on disc ; elytra blackish with suture and

HMA WESAKGTOMS Lid Sloe ANG o rie occ wie ENS se Reinet 6. indistinctus De}.
Head pale of the same color as the thorax, body beneath testaceous, or ferrugi_
neous, not blackish, scutellar stria short or wanting.

54 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. September 1883.]

Scutellar sfria punctiform, disc of elytra sometimes with faint dusky cloud.... .
. 7. testaceus De).
Scutellar stria distinct though short, not punctiform. ...........8, microg Lec.

1. lineola Fab. (Carabus) Ent. Syst. I, 155, Oliv. Ent. III, 35 p. 78, pl. 7, f. 75, De}.
Spec. IV, 51, furcatus Fabr. Syst. El. p, 206, maculatus Lec., Pro. Ac. Phila.
1868, p. 374. Specimens from the middle of the continent completely unite the
eastern and Pacific forms. U. S. 7—8.5 mm.

2. infuscatus Dej. Spec. IV. 54, suturalis Lec. Ann. lyc. IV, 373. N.Y. E. St.
Fla, Tex. 5 —6 mm.

3. pallipes Fab. (Carabus) Ent, Syst. I, 159. Oliv. Ent. TIL. 35, p. 89, pl. 9, £ 99,
Dej. Spec. IV, 53. Lecontei Chaud. (Extr.) Ann. et Mag. Zool. 1868, p. 14.
rugicollis Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1859, p. 83, comma Fabr. Ent. Syst. I, 165, dor-
salis Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 373, U. S. 5.5—7 mm. .

4. partiarius Say, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. II. 90 U. St. 3.5—4 mm.

5. pauperculus Dej. Spec. IV, 453, consimilis De}. ibid. [V. 465. S. St. 3—3.25 mm.

6. indistinctus Dej. Spec. V, $46 ?humilis De}. Spec. IV, 462 ?difficilis De}. Spec. IV,

AAS 5065 3—4 mm.
7. testaceus Dej. Sp. IV, 460, N. Y..... * .2.5--to 3 mm.
8. micros Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 412. E. St.......2.75 mm,

et OS

Larva of Galerucella sagittarize, Gy//.
By F. G. Schaupp.

On the leaves of the yellow pond lily I found in July larvae of all ~

sizes, pupz in all states of formation and imagines of Galerucella sagit-
tartae Gyll, in all states of maturity. ‘Vhe larva is bluish black above,
yellow beneath - head small and smooth except for a central frontal de-
pression which is punctured; mandibles tridentate, middle tooth mast pro-
minent ; mouth parts thick and fleshy. Form elongate; when fully
grown % inches in length, widest at middle and tapering each way. First

segment longest and depressed, flattened; all others nearly equal, all with —

a longitudinal dorsal line and a deep transverse impressed line—surface
scabrous, sides with a row of brown tubercles—one on each segment,
Legs yellow, joints black, anal segment furnished with a pro-leg. Pupa
shorter and broader, retaininy markings of larval form on abdomen but
adding rudiments of wings (which are free) legs and antennee. At first they
are entirely yellow, but soon turn black. The eggs are yellow, ovate and
are laid in small patches on the upper surface of the leaf. Many larvae
are found together on a single leaf, ard there was scarcely one which
was not infested with these unsightly slugs. ‘hey eat the upper surface
of the leaf only and seldom ,make holes, but the leaves become brown
and unsightly and lose all their beauty. ‘The white lily seems less to
their taste for they do not touch that so far as I could see.

Pe ee ee

[September 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 55

SYNOPSES OF BUTTERFLIES.

EUREMA, 22.

General body form and habitus asin Vanessa. Wings strong ; pri-
maries triangular with rectangular apices, slightly produced at the 5th
vein and subsinuate beneath to hind angle which is evident. Secondaries
tailed, the interior half of wing decidedly longer than the outer.

One species only is usually included in our fauna.

E. lethe, Fab. Ent. Syst. III, 1. p. 80 (Papilio); demonica Hb., Sam. Ex.
Schimett. II, f. 1, 2, (Hypanartia).

Above pale fulvous, darker at interior half of secondaries, primaries
with apical third, outer margin and an oblique dash from near base of
costa to hind angle, black ; apical space with two oblique and interrup-
ted fulvous bands. Secondaries with an elongate patch from apex toward
middle, a marginal and sub marginal interrupted line, black. Beneath,
primaries fulvous irregularly marked and mottled with ferruginous lines
and dark patches. Secondaries at base and costal margin yellow, else
fuscous somewhat dusted with blue scales along and near anal angle
and anal half of outer margin ; several more or less distinctly ocellate
spots, and irregular ferruginous and darker lines varying wing.

Expands 2 inches, Had. Texas, Mexico, Centr. and S, America.

ACERONIA, #2.

This genus has the head broad, the eyes prominent and the body
robust. Costal nervure dilated for a large part of its course, median and
submedian swollen or dilated only at base. Anterior tarsi of G exartic-
ulate, of Q 5 jointed and without claws. In the Synopsis of genera
anze the distinguishing characters of the genus were pointed out and they
need not be especially recapitulated here.

The pupze are slender. braced (i. e. girthed at middle) and have on
head two earlike tubercles. The imagines are rapid flyers, are said to
produce a squeaky sound, alight and rest on the trunks of trees head
downward and with wings expanded. ‘These peculiarities were deemed
sufficient by Messrs. Doubleday Hewitson and Westwood to authorize its
elevation to family rank and the butterflies are certainly anomolous

‘Two species are said to belong to our fauna.

Wings greenish irregularly marked with zig zag black lines and brown shades feronia,

Wings mouse gray ; outer $ of primaries white with oblique dark and _ bluish shades
and circles

56 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. September 1883]

A. feronia, L, Syst. Nat. X. Ed. p. 473 (Papilio); Hb. verz. Bek. Schmett.
Pp. 42, (Ageronia).

Easily known by the pale bluish green body color mottled and
marked with irregular black lines and brown spots, pupilled and surroun-
ded by greenish blue. Beneath, paler more whitish, outer half of wings
irregularly mottled with black. .

Expands 2—2z.5 inches. Had, 5. WV. Texas, and Southward.

A. formax, Hab. Sam. Ex. Schmett. IT.

The predominant color is a soft reddish grey, primaries as above
described, secondaries with marginal black lines, two bands in the cell,
a wnite shade on inner margin toward apex anda submarginal row of
white spots margined with black and witha fine circle of black within spot.

Expands 3 inches. Had. 5.W. Texas and Southward.

EUNICA, 72.

This genus Doubleday and Westwood make a § of JZyscellz, and
characterized as such, it has a narrow very hairy head, eyes small, naked
and prominent, antennee long and slender, club gradual, compressed,
marked with two distinct grooves, Thorax moderate, wings subtriangu-
lar apex truncate, outer margin subemarginate, costal and median- ner-
vures swollen at base. Secondaries with shoulders much produced.

We have buta single species.
E. monima, Cram. Pap. Ex. II, t. 387, F. and G. (Papilio) Herr. Sch.
Reg. Corr. blatt. Z. M. Verz. 18, 162 (Hunica) var. modesta Bates, Ent. Mo. Mag. 1,113.

Above smoky brown ; primaries apical half black, with two oblique
rows of white spots: beneath paler, apical black of primaries not reaching
the margins, white spots more or less distinctly reproduced. Secondaries

above uniform, beneath bluish grey with five distinct black lines the 3d,

and 4th from base joined at inner margin and enclosing several black
spots.

The var. modesta Bates which I have seen, differs in the more uni-
form coloring of the upper surface, and more or less complete lack of
white spots near apex. Messrs. Kirby and W. H. Eawards accord it
specific value and Mr. Strecker makes it a synonym.

Expands 1.5 to 1.75 inches. Hud. Tex., Flor. and Southward.

CALLICORE, 2).

Head moderate, broad, hairy; eyes oval hairy: tongue slender.
Antennz slender, club short, abrupt, obtuse: primaries trigonate, mar-
gins rounded, secondaries obovate, shoulder prominent.

Our only species is very handsome and is

«

[September 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. of
{

Cc. clymema, Cram. Pap. Ex, I, t. 24, E. & F. (Papilio); Hb. Verz. Bek.
Schmett. p. 41, Callicore.

‘Above black, primaries with an oblique iridescent blue band and a
subapical white spot. Beneath, primaries at base pale, middle bright
red, followed by a broad black shade, apex white : secondaries white or
greyish, with a marginal red band, a basal black line and a large oval
formed by.a fine black line and On ieee two smaller ovals formed in
the same way.

Expands 1—1.5 ienes Hab. So. Fla. and Antilles.

A very beautiful little butterfly and one which there is little danger
of mistaking.

TIMETES, 4d.

The species of this genus are easily distinguished by the wing form,
in addition to the characters mentioned in the synopsis. The primaries
are broad the apex is produced. margin more or less emarginate beneath
and somewhate angulate or scolloped ; secondaries with two tails, the
outer long and slender, the inner formed by a prolongation of the anal
angle, shorter and broader. In these characters all our species agree,
but in coloration and in some details of wing form they fall into two very
- distinct sections as follows.

Above smoky or fuliginous, beucads with base silvery white, inner tail of secondaries

SL ean RUA nih So sseee NN Wilaln, caai, x «= cighetirt MER ES a tts upvace je ERM ces SMarpesia.
Above fulvous, with fine black lines, beneath concolorous, inner tail of secondaries
Ik STARE a ehey ey URE ear ea eR MME OT |). Ra Ge RM e a SAthena.
§ MARPESIA.
Above dark fuliginous with a paler more reddish outer margin.............. Coresia,
Above paler with margin and 4 distinct transverse shades darker and five white spots
TYGER] 2s ey RE Sh eR OE. Mee nD ea al cata ten fale chiron.
§ ATHENA.

Primaries greatly emarginate below apex, the latter truncate; secondaries with apices
emarginate : color paler with three straight black lines the 2d and 3d joining at

PIDGIN TG CHIT gate ve taee gE 2 UTA A RRO Sy be ohne GGT I ta peleus.
Primaries less emarginate below apex, the latter rounded, secondaries with apices

scarcely emarginate : color darker, with similar lines angulate at median vein. ...

eleucha,
ET. coresia, Gdt. Enc. Meth. TY. 359 (Nymphalis) Doub. and Hew. Gen.
- Diur. Lep. I, 263 ( Timetes); zerynthia Hb. Sam. Fx. Schmett. II, (Marpesia).

_ The silvery space beneath has three fine brown lines and is margin-
ed with velvety brown outwardly ; the outward brownish space has a fine
purplish gloss. In this as the next species the apices of primaries are
produced and rounded.

58 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. September 1883]

Expands 3 inches. Had. Texas and Southward.

- ©. chiron, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 452 (Papilio); Chironias Hb. Verz. Bek.
Schmett. p. 47 (Marpesia): }

Much like the preceeding beneath; but the silver is glossed with
blue, the lines crossing it are yellow and are wider, the secondaries have
an admixture of blue scales most distinct near anal angle, and there have
a number of ocellate spots, reproducing the same on upper side. Above
the color is paler with four distinct transverse shades on both wings and
five small white spots placed in two series near the apex.

Expands 2—2.5 inches. Haé, Texas and Southward.

T. peleus, Sulz. Abg. Gesch. Ins, t. 13, £4 (Papilio); thetys Fab. Gen.
Ins. p. 264 (Papilio); petreus Cram. Pap. Ex. 1 t. $7. Stoll. Sup. Cramer, t. 2, f. 2a,
2b, 2 c, larva et pupa.

In this and the following species the color is fulvous crossed by fine
black lines; beneath, brown suffused with bluish grey, much as in
Vanessa interrogations. ‘The apices of primaries are more acute and are
distinctly pointed; most obviously so in the present species. ‘The se-
condaries are broader and the internal margin is somewhat shorter, The
present species has the lines above straight, and the 2d and 3d join near
anal angle of secondaries.

Ww. eleuchea, Hb. Saml. Ex. Schmett. I, (Marpesia); Doub., and Hew.
Gen. D. Lep. II, 363, Atlas t. 33. (Timetes): pellenis Gdt. Enc. Meth. IX, 359. (Nym-
phalis.)

This species is readily distinguished from the preceeding by the apex
of primaries which is not truncate, and by the less emarginate apex of
secondaries: the color is darker and the 2d black line is distinctly angu-
late on the median vein. :

Expands 3 inches. Had, Fla., Tex,, West Indies.

VICTORINA, Blanch.

Body stout, wings large: secondaries with the outer margin very

deeply scolloped, and with a short broad tail. Antenne long, straight

and slender, club gradual, with a fine groove at inner side,
A single very large and distinctly marked species is credited to our
fauna.

WV. Stelemnes, L. Syst. Nat. Ed. 10, 465. (Papilio); Doub., and Hew. Gen.
Diurn. Lep. 2, 265. Atlas pl. 33. (Victorina); Sthenele Hb. Verz. bek. Schmett. 43,
(Metamorpha); Stheneles, Blanch, Hist. Nat. Ins, 3, 447, ( Victorina); lavinia, Fabr.
Ent. Syst, TIL, 1, p. 22. ( Papilio.)

[September 1883 ‘BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC VOL. VI. 59

Black with a wide band, varying from pale green to pale bluish in
color, complete on secondaries, on primaries interrupted at apical half;
the primaries have also a more or less complete row of sub-apical large
white spots. Beneath the ground color is paler, but the markings are
reproduced, the green band being margined with brown on secondaries.

Expands 4 inches. Had, S.W. Tex, and Southward.

: HETEROCHROA, 4d.

This genus differs from Limenitis, so far as I can see, only in the
somewhat shorter broad wings; apices of primaries more produced and
internal margin of secondaries longer.*

H. bredowii, Hb. Zutr, f. 825. 826, (Adelpha); Edw. Butt. N.A.1, pl. 44,

(Limenitis); Eulalia, Doub. Hew. Gen. Diurn. Lep. t. 36, (Limenitis); californica,
Butler Pr. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 485.

Easily distinguished by the large subapical fulvous patch of prima-
ries: color black, a white band crossing both wings, angulate beyond
the cell on primaries, and gradually narrewing on secondaries to hind
angle. : ~

Beneath paler, secondaries dusted with yellow: markings of upper
surface reproduced and in addition bands of pale blue and yellow cross-
ing the cell, and a submarginal band of crescents: secondaries with a wide
submarginal band, a shade accompanying white band and two transverse
bands near base also pale bluish.

Expands 2.5 inches. fad. Cal. Ariz. Or. Mex.

There seems to be no good reason for separating this species from
Limemiis and it is retained as distinct here only because we have already
tabulated that genus.

ACANISTHOS, “i,

Body very robust, primaries strongly falcate, anal angle of second-
aries produced, costal margin strongly arched.

Our only species is:

A. orion, Fabr. Syst. Ent. 485, n. (Papilio). Bd. and Lec., Lep. Am, Sep.
t. 195, t. 52. (Aganisthos.)

Easily known by the very robust body and by the wing form. Color
sordid black, secondaries with a fulvous tinge at base, primaries with base
and a spur sometimes nearly attaining the outer margin, fulvous, a white
spot on costa near apex. Beneath smoky with paler transverse bands
margined with darker lines.

Expands Ba inches. ad. Florida (occasional) and Southward.

*That is of course our American species only considered.

60 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOO. VOL. VI. September 1883.]

v

Biditors Department.

Trap for Heterocera. Many devices for luring and trapping night flying
lepidoptera have been tried, with more or less eed of success until most collec-
tors look with suspicion on any but the orthodox modes of procedure. A mode
communicated by a friend and said by him to have been successfully used is
explained by the annexed diagram. ‘The arrangement consists of a lamp a,
backed by a reflector if possible, and as intense as
convenient, and throwing its light through a flaring
box constructed of wood or other material, the
diagram showing a vertical section. The sides flare
equally with the top, and the bottom board is
flared or not, according to the situation in which
the apparatus is to be used: if used on a level
eround and not far trom the surface, it should not

be flared : in this box are arranged four panes of clear glass as thin as may be,
slanted as shown in the figure, / and d reaching the top and ereaching the bottom.

Close tothe lamp and beneath the last compartment formed by the glass is plac-

ed ajar. b heayily charged with cyanide. Lhe machine acis as follows. It is
placed in the woods or elsew here where the moths may be supposed to abound

and the light shining through the flaring box which by the bye may be whitened

inside, attracts all moths that can be so attracted : flying toward the source of
attraction they first strike the glass f which slants inwardly beneath and does

not reach the bottom ; the moth will fall to the base board and recovering will

} ‘move forward striking the glass e, which inclines inwardly above and up this
incline which should not be too steep, they fly to and through the aperture at the

top stricking the glass d which again slants inwardly beneath and following this

slant the moth will find the entrance beneath, and fly against the glass ¢ which
covers the end of the flare and is nearest to the light ; the fumes of the cyanide

from the jar } will almost immediately overcome the insect and it will drop into

the jar placed for its reception. The advantage of this arrangement is that it can

be placed outside anywhere and left to itself and it will act as long as the light

lasts or the moths fly—it is not possible for an insect to find its way back and

the way in is made very easy for it. The dotted line illustrates the probable

course of the moth.

7

Fruit Insects: Mr. Wm. Saunders new book on insects injurious to fruits is
at hand and is a volume well worth its price to all fruit growers. ‘I'he plan is to
treat of all the insects affecting each fruit in one chapter, dividing them ac-
cording to the part of the plant attacked, and giving the modes in which the
ravages of each may be checked. Itis profusely illustrated, few of the drawings
being original while all the old figures which have been used over and over again
in text books and agricultural reports may be recognized. Mr. C. V. Riley’s well
known drawings me largely represented as usual. Little original work has
been done by Mr. Saunders for this book, and its value is as a compilation of
what has been published heretofore in publications all over,the Country. We
regret that it is confined to frnit insects alone.

{October 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 61

Ona gall-making genus of Apioninae.
By Prof. C. V. Riley,

Gall-making Coleoptera are not common and in this country but
three are so far recorded, viz. Ampeloglypter sesostris Lec. and A. ater
Lec., causing sweilings of the stems of Vitis and Ampelopsis respectively,
and Agrilus ruficollis, causing swellings of the canes of rubus. In Europe
several Apioninz are known either to form galls on twigs or nodosities
on the roots of plants, and I now wish to record a gall—-making species
of this subfamily in this country.

A gall-like swelling of the two year old twigs of Pzmus mops is not .
uncommon in the vicinity of Washington, and for some time I have been
interested in ascertaining the real author, but only succeeded in doing so
the present year. As the insect proves to be an undescribed Apionid and
Mr. J. B. Smith is at work on the family, I send these notes for publica-
tion at his request, and describe the species as Podapion gallicola.

The gall is either spherical or ovoid, rarely elongate, and varies
from 14 to 34 inch in length, It is usually single but exceptionally there
will be two and even three on the same twig and sometimes they coa-
lesce. The surface is somewhat smoother than the unaffected parts of
the twig but concolorous ; the interior is hard, woody, usually with an
abundance of liquid resin. ‘The larva or pupa of the Podapion may be
found in the month of May in the center of the gall, completely sur—
rounded with the resin, and in an irregular cavity which on one side
"extends to near the outer surface, probably to facilitate the exit of the
imago which takes place late in May and early in June. Those so far
reared in captivity have proved to be remarkably short-lived for a Cur-
culionid, dying in halfa day. But one develops in each gall.

It has been somewhat difficult to discover the real author of the
gall, because of the prevalence of another curculionid larva which inha-
bits all parts thereof, but especially the outer portion, as many as 15 hav-
ing been found in a single gall. It produces a Copturus which seems to
be C. dongulus, and is evidently inquilinous. It is not infrequently
found in the twig immediately above or below the gall. The beetles
continue to issue throughout the summer.

The larva of a Szgal/phus (Braconidz) is also quite common, and is
doubtless parasitic on both the Rynchophora.

As the fresh galls are found only in spring and as the beetle would
seem to be short lived, the probabilities are that the egg is !aid in the
one-year old wood in June, and that either the egg or the larva remains

»

62 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. Ivy. October 1883.}

in the twig without producing the gall till during the short growing
season the following year.

The Apioninze of the United States are remarkable for their general-
ly small size and uniformity of color and structure, the whole subfamily
comprising but one genus, Afzon, showing but slight variation in the re-
lative length of antennal joints and character of tarsal claws. Where
such uniformity obtains in a group characters may be considered generic
which otherwise would have doubtful generic value. Podapion gallicola
departs sufficiently both in size and structure from the typical genus to war-
rant the formation of a new genus forit, which may be thus characterized.

PODAPION, Nov. Gen.

ieee large, form cylindric, parallel, elongate; elytral strize wide; ros-
trum joining the head abruptly; legs short, robust, femora strongly cla-
vate; tarsi greatly dilated, first joint about as wide as long, socond joint
transverse, third joint as wide as the length of first and second together,
claw joint flattened above, not much projecting beyond the lobes of third
joint; claws simple in both sexes.

PODAPION GALLICOLA, N.sp.

Black., opaque, antennze sometimes piceous, thinly cothed with
rather long whitish pubescence. Head broad, nearly square, rugose-
punctate, slightly impressed between the eyes which are large, prominent
and coarsely granulate, rostrum rather long, slender, equal throughout,
moderately curved, more slender and nearly smooth in the female, shert-
er and sparsely punctulate in the male; antennz inserted very close to
base of rostrum, as long as this last; scape as long as the two following
joints together; first joint of funicle wider, but hardly longer than second,
the following joints gradually decreasing in length, but none being trans-
verse; club elongate-oval, shining, slightly pubescent. Thorax as wide
as long, widest at middle, narrowed and constricted anteriorly. sides
rounded, surface moderately finely and densely punctulate, with a very
short impressed’ median line at base. Elytra elongate, sides parallel,
striz wide, finely catenulate-punctate, intervals flat, a little wider than
the striz, finely alutaceous. Ventral surface scabrous and punctulate.

Three specimens from Washington and others from Lake Superior,
(Schwarz) and Massachusetts (Leconte) examined, Average length 4 mm.

This is the first Agzonad recorded as living upon pine trees.

The general aspect of the species is that of a small Magdalis, and
MM, alutacea Lec. which also occurs on Prnus inops (the larva presumably
boring in the terminal twigs) bears a striking resemblance to Podapion.

[October 1883 EULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC: VOL. VI. 63

N. M. Hentz’ Descriptions of Coleoptera.
(Reprint from Journ. Ac. Phila. 1827, V, 373-375.)
[373.|—Descropiion of some new species of Norta AMERICAN Insects.
By N. M, Heyrz, professor of madern languages at the Univ.rsity of

North Carolina. Read October 24, 1826.

The insects of which the description follows are rare ; of the four, only
one has been found more than once by myse’f, and the others were un-
known to several studious entomologists, which is an additional conside-
ration for suf posing them to be new.

BUPRESMIs:

B. harrisst. Green ; eyes black ; antennee black towards the extremity;
tarsi black ; elytra with two impressions near the base, the internal one
uniting with a groove, which follows the suture.

Description. —Body bright green, punctured: head punctured: eyes
black : antennae black, tinged with green near the base: orax green,
punctured with a longitudinal impressed line: e/y/ra with a deep impres-
sion at the base, divided in two by a nearly obsolete raised line ; a raised
line, forming, with the suture, a deep groove, which terminates at the
apex ; an impression nearer the apex than the middle, formed by the ter-

' mination of the obsolete line; a diagonal raised line, and another near the
margin ; in all four raised lines : pecfus, postpectus, and ven‘er green, punc-
tured : fee/ green: anterior thighs with a large tooth : /ars7 neaily black.

Length accompanies the drawing. Fig. 1. [9 mm.]

[3'74. ] Observations._Found in the month of May, in Massachusetts.

EATERS
E. vernalts Bright, black, elytra yellow, striate, with five bluish-black
spots, one common at the base.

_ Description—Body bright black, punctured ; antennae black :; head
and ¢horax black, punctured : e/y/rx yellow, with strice formed by punc-
tures, each having three bluish-black spots, of which one at the base is
common with the other ; pectus, fos/petus and venier black, punctured :
Jeet black ; farsi? rufous near the extremity.

Length accompanies the drawing. Fig. 2. [10 mm. ]
Observations. —Vhis insect, found in May, in the west of Pennsylvania,
was new to Mr. Say. Dr. Harris, and all the other entomologists whom

I consulted.

<2

64 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. Octobe! 1883] ‘

AMPHICOMA.

A. vulpina. Piceous: thorax, scutel and abdomen, coveied with

yellow hair’; elytra brownish.

Descripiion.—Head nearly black, punctured ; antennae piceous ; thorax
and scuéel nearly black, punctured, covered with thick yellow hair : elytra
brown, turning to a chesnut colour; somewhat darker near the apex ;
venter piceous, covered with vellowish hair, thicker on the sides: /eef
nearly black.; farsz piceous.

Length accompanies the drawing. Fig. 3. [15 mm. ]

Observations,—Vhe discovery of an insect of this [3'75]genus, in this
country, is peculiarly interesting, as there were reasons for supposing it
to be confined to tropical regions. To my friend, Dr. T, W. Harris, of
Milton, Mass., I am indebted for useful remarks on this insects, which
I submitted to his examination. It was found in June, in the west of
Massachusetts, resting on flowers ; it flies very much like Crronta éar-
bata of Say, and, like it, visits the ground frequently.

NOTOXUS.

N. anchora. Testaceous; horn of the thorax brown at the apex; a
black line on the suture of the elytra, reaching a black transverse spot
near the apex; a small longitudinal black line nearer the base on
the sides.

Description.—Body above slightly hairy, testaceous ; head fuscous ; eyes

black : thorax testaceous : horn slightly dentate, fuscous chiefly on the

’ the sides, the shade continued to the sides of the thorax: elyfra with a

black suture, broadest near the base, not reaching the apex, but united

to a large, black, lunate, transverse spot ; a black, abbreviated, longitu-

dinal line near the external margin, above the transverse spot, and nearly
reaching it : feet testaceous.

Length accompanies the drawing. Fig. 4. [5 mm, ]

Observations. —This beautiful insect is allied to ANTHICUS monoceros as
well as AnTHICUS monodon, described by Mr. Say, but sufficiently distinct
from either. I have, as yet, found but two specimens, in the month of
July, in Massachusetts.

ee

SS

[October 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 65
we |
SYNOPSES OF BUTTERFLIES.

“VANESSA, Fabr. group GRAPTA, Kirby.”

In March, number 11 of the Bulletin, we gave a synopsis of Vanessa
Fabr. ‘The species enumerated here, generally known as Grapfa, form
but a sub group of the former, and are therefore now embodied as such
in that genus. The palpi of Grap/a are not so heavily clothed with hair,
and the wings are generally more falcate, and have deeper indentations;
the ground color is fulvous or red-fulvous, with paler and darker shad-
ings and black markings; on the underside of secondaries the median
field encloses a marking resembling either a comma or a semi-colon ; in
all but one species this mark is silvered.

They can be separated as follows:
Ground color yellow fulvous ; black markings very heavy ; white patch at apices of
wings; comma of underside of secondaries dirty white, not silvered.. ...J, Album.
Ground color bright fulvous ; borders blackish.

Black markings slizht ; secondaries dark ; comma on underside of secondaries sil-
weredl cinal lneing, toe llorrere lhtonle Smet ss Soa soo Goocnocenceuoraone Progne.

Biack markings slizht ; secondaries same color as primaries; a prominent whitish
band runs through both wings on underside - comma moderate and silvered... .

Gracilis.

Black markings heavy ; borders very broad ; underside mottled with green and
white ; comma often large, angular, silvered, and barbed at each end ; some—

Peeuimesrsmall and pomted/at the ends. Sie esegm s/s fae ol ere le Lee Faunus.

Black markings heavy and borders broad ; underside almost black, with a few light
irrorations; comma large, angular and silvered, both limbs pointed and of about
equalblenathe tie uppeone slichtlycmmayedepmmrese mein a. sie ee eee Silenus.

Red-—fulvous with the usual black spots ; underside brown variegated with paler and
darker shadings ; comma silver, narrow, bent at right angle and pointed at
ACME CIN me te sears i. C13. 504 a cya Ry SPEAR Aces SSDS che ca SA GRR Oreas,

Rather light fulvous with markings not very heavy ; underside marbled in shades of
gray, brown, and black ; discal mark a fine bent silvered streak, the upper
limb curved, the lower straight and the two equal in length............ Hylas.

Black markings rather slight ; borders broad ; underside mottled brown, green and
whitish ; comma silvered, angular, roughly barbed at upper end, thickened and
leyloumyts eit Monnaie rova li Wt aN ete RR oil Dicl.2 bik dba CORR AN Fi Paes Rusticus.

Ground color yellow-—fuscous, brighter on disks.

Borders ferruginous brown, narrow on primaries, broad on secondaries ; discal
mark silvered and bent, the upper limb slender, the lower one thick and
IDIOM OA PEA Mc Nce clocL A a UR t AGA SEAL Cate ARE aE BPE Silvius.

Borders, brownish black on primaries, much paler on secondaries ; comma moderate
bentandysilvercdiuwiean te 6.02120 See ARE PS leh alleys Zephyrus,

66 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL. October 1883]

Black markings slight ; borders of primaries narrow and brownish black, growing
lighter towards apex and inner angle, of secondaries pale yellow fulvous with
submarginal line of red—fulvous ; discal mark large and silvered, the lower limb

- sometimes barbed ; anal angle very much produced................. Satyrus.

Ground color bright fulvous ; markings slight ; borders of primiries blackish, of second-
aries deep ferruginous, fringed with bluish-gray ; com na rather large and_ sil-
vered, the ends sometimes slightly barbed ... ..................... Comma.

Ground color bright red—fulvous ; borders deep red—ferruginous, edged with blue ;
underside either uniform pale brown with few markings, or brown, mottled with
lighter and darker shadings ; discal mark double, in shape of a semi-colon, and
Silene dd ean eh he lei. gi fH ER Torte Ul ek PRI ed cet and Liga tg ea Interrogationis,

3S. Allfouum, Bdv. Bd. Lec. 185, pl. 50, Morr. 56. Harris Ins. Inj. Veg.

298. Lint. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. IT, 58.

Can be easily known by its large size, the heavy black markings,
and the wide patch at apex of both primaries and secondaries ; comma
on underside of secondaries dirty white.

Hab.—Nor. States, Wisc., British America to Pacific, Can., Labr.

Expanse 22 to 2% inches, Larva on species of willow.

Progme, Cram. Pap. Ex., I, pl. 5. Bd. Lec. 188, pl. 50. Morr. 56.

Harris Ins. Inj. Veg. 301. Lint. Pr. E. S. Phil. 3, 58.

Bright fulvous with black borders to both wings ; secondaries heavi-
ly sprinkled with black scales, with a row of submarginal light fulvous
spots; usual black markings very light; underside brown, variegated
with paler shadings.

Hab —No. and W. States, British America, Can., Nova Scotia,

Anticosti. Expanse 2 to 25 inches.

The larva is described in Harris’ Ins. Inj. Veg. Food plants, elms
and hops.

Gracilis, G. and R. Ann. N. Y. Lyc. N. Hist. 8, 432. Strecker,
pl. 8, fig. 14.

A small species ; fulvous with slight black markings ; underside
brown with lighter shadings, and a distinct median whitish band running
through both wings, which will readily serve to identify the species.

Hab.—New Hampshire, W. M., Br. Am., Quebec, Alaska,

Expanse about 1% inches.

Faunus, W. H. Ed,, Pr. Ac. N. Sc. Ph. 1862, 222, Ed. Butt. N. A.
197, pl. 35, Pearson, Can. Ent. 7, 49.

Is easily distinguished by the deep indentations of the wings, the
heayy black markings and broad borders, and the general darker appea-
rance of underside mottled with green and white.

[October 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOG. VOL. VI. 67

flab. —Mountains of New England and N.Y.; occasional W. Va. to
Georgia, British America, Atlantic to Pacific. ,

Expanse 2 to 2 inches. Larva on willow.

Silenus, W. ‘H. Edw. Edw: Ich ai i5e Edw. Butt. Ns An 25) pli aro,
Grapta.

Deep fulvous, with heavy black markings; on disk of secondaries
one large irregular black patch ; underside very dark, with lighter irrora-
tions, especially on primaries.

Hab.—Oregon, Vane. Isld, Wash. Ter. Expanse 2 to 2.3 inches.

Oreas, W.H. Ed., Tr. A. E. Soc., 373, id. 5, 109.
Light red fulvous, with a row oflarge yellowish lunules ; secondaries -

with borders diffuse, enclosing a row of yellowish lunules; underside
dark brown, shaded and streaked with brown and black.

Hab.—California, Oregon,

Hiylas, W. H. Edw. Tr. A. E. Soc. 4. 68. Ed. Butt. N. A. 2, pl. 2,
Grapta, Mead, Wh. Rep. 5, 768.

Primaries deeply incised; black markings rather heavy, underside
marbled in shades of gray, brown, and black.

Hab.—Colorado. Expanse 1% inches.

Busticus, W. H. Fdw. Tr. A. E. Soc., 5, 107. Ed. Butt. N. A. 2. pl. 2
Grapta.

Dull red-fulvous with broad borders ; black markings rather slight ;
underside mottled in shades of brown and greenish gray.

fTab.—California, Vane. Isld. Expanse 1.9 inches,

Silvius, W. H. Edw. Tr. A. E. Soc., 5, 108.

Yellow-fuscous, bright red on disks ; borders ferruginous brown,
narrow on primaries, broad on secondaries, followed by a row of yellow
lunules ; underside yellowish, streaked with brown markings,

Hab,—California. Expanse 1.9 inches.

Zephyrus, W. H. Edw. Tr. A. E. Soc, 3.16. Edw. Butt. N. A. I, 121,
pl. 40, H. Edw. Pr. Cal. Ac. N. Sc. 5, 169, Mead, Wh. Rep. 5, 769.

Red-fulvous, or fulvous, with yellowish markings towards the outer
edges; margin of primaries dark, of secondaries pale fulvous, inclining to
gray, with marginal and submarginal bands of deep red-fulvous, often
disconnected ; underside gray or gray-brown, with lighter shadings.

Hab,—Montana to N. Mex., Utah, California, Colorado, Oregon.

Expanse 17 to 2 inches. The larva is figured and described in Edw.
Butt. N. A. I, 121, pl. 40, food plant ‘‘Azalia occidentalis”.

68 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. Iv. October 1883.)

Satyrus, W. H.E. Tr. A. E. Soc. 2. 374. Edw. Butt. N. A. 1, 110,
pl. 40. H, Edw. Pr. Cal. Ac. N.S., 5, 168. Pearson, Can. Ent. 7, 216, Mead, R.
Wh. Exp. 5, 767.

Pale fulvous with slight black markings; margins of secondaries
usually pale, often inclining to yellow, with a disconnected submarginal
band of deep fulvous ; the wings are only moderately incised, and this
with the rather long tail and produced anal angle will serve to easily dis-
tinguish the species. i

Hab.—Colorado to California; New Mexico, Oregon, British Ame-
rica, Ontario. Expanse about 2 inches.

Mr. W. H, Edwards figures the larva in his Butt. N. A. I, 119, p
40, and adds that it feeds on nettles.

Var. Miarsyas, W. H. Edw. Tr. A. E. Soc. 3. 16. Ed. Butt. N. A.
pl. 2, Grapta, id. 1879, 2, part 8, plate 3.

Fulvous with slight black markings; the marginal borders of secon-
daries ferruginous, much sprinkled with yellow scales; the comma on
underside of secondaries is silvered, thickened at upper end, barbed at
lower end ; underside shaded brown and olivacious. The produced
anal angle, so noticeable in Sa/yrus seems to be lost in this form.

Hab.—California. Expanse 1.6 inches.

In the last mentioned reference above, Mr. W. H. Edwards records
that Mr. O. T. Baron of Navarro, Cal., had by breeding established the
fact that AZarsyas is seasonally dimorphic with Satyrus and adds the
figure of an interesting suffused specimen obtained from the brood, tke
out however giving any information about the larva.

Commi, Harr. Harris Ins. inj. Veg. 300, pl. 4, fig. 1, Lint. Pr. E. S.
Phil. 3,55. Ed. Butt. N. A., 1.99, pl. 36.

Bright fulvous, with rather slight black markings; borders of prima-
ties narrow and black, of secondaries deep ferruginous, fringed with
bluish-gray ; underside generally brown, mottled with lighter and darker
shadings, but one form has the underside dark slate color, irrigated with
brown markings. Haé.—Eastern, Middle, and North Western States,
Kansas, Texas, Canada, Nova, Scotia. Expanse ri to 2 inches.

In Harris the larva is described as being very like Jnferrogatonis;
~ one form corresponds to this, but another ranges from pale green to snow
white with various red markings, and having the spines tipped with
black ; on several occassions we have seen both Comma and Dryas emerge .-
from chrysalids obtained from almost snow-white caterpillars. Food plants
hops, elm, and nettle.

i

[October 1888 | BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC VOL. VL 69

Mr. W. H. Edwards figures and describes the caterpillars in his
Bupa, At: 09; pl. 36and 1, 107, pkig7. .

Var. Dryas, W. H. Edw. Tr. A.-E, Soc. 3, 17. Ed. Butt. N. A. 1, 107,
pl. 37. i

Upper surface of secondaries almost entirely blackish, with small sub-
marginal pale fulvous spots, growing fainter and disappearing towards anal
angle. ae

Expanse Same as Comma. pe sar

Interrogatiomis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. Sup. 424, Harr. Ins. Jnj. Veg. 208,
pl. 124. Ed. Tr. A. E. Soc. 35. Butt. N. A. 1, 113, pl. 39.

Can be easily distinguished by its large size. the very falcate wings,
the bright red-fulvous color, and the decided, blue fringes; underside
generally uniform pale brown with but few markings; discal mark
double, in shape of a semi-colon, and silvered. : :

Description of the larva and chrysalis will be found in Harris Ins.
inj. Veg. p. 293, also in Ed. Butt. N. A. 1, 113. pl. 39. Food plants
hops. elm, and nettles.

Hab.—United States, except Pacific, Can. N. S.

Expanse 23 to 2% inches.

Var. Umbrosa, Lintner. Tr. A. E. Soc. 2, 213. Ed. Butt. N. A. 109, pl. 38.

Upperside of secondaries almost entirely bleck, except at base ; un-
derside brown, mottled with lighter and darker shadings, and some few
bluish spots and streaks.

$=) <0 -
Arctia Nais and Variations.
By George D. Hulst, D. D.

On the 9th day of June while looking among the rubbish washed
upon the beach at Rockaway, L. I., I found three specimens of what
was afterwards determined as Arctia excelsa Neum. All the specimens
were females, One was dead, the other two almost dead by the buffet-
ings of the waters. One revived enough to lay a few eggs which were
carried through to imagines. The eggs were white slightly flattened,
were laid June 10th and the larve emerged June 16th. When first
emerged the larvee were white and clothed with loose long silky hair.
After the first moult the hair became, while long and Spilosoma like,
nearly black and so continued until the fourth moult. After that the
hair became short rigid and arctian and the larvee were jet black with the
exception of a narrow orange dorsal stripe on the body of some. On
some also the hair laterally was somewhat reddish. The larva made

. 3 Z X ' Wete

70 BULLELIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL October 1883.]_
’ é ¥ 4 y , is ‘ ;
t ( 3 ; nS TH.

cocoon July 18th and emerged Aug. 11th. The larvae were feed entirely
upon the common broad leaved plantain (Plantago major). .

_ From the caterpillars I had 12 imagines, and these showed some
very remarkable variations. ‘The fore wings ranged with a bareness of
marking nearly equal to 4. de-orafz through the / form to the full mark-
ing of the wing with the outer W. ‘The hind wings varied even more,
in one specimen they are entirely black and from that they ranged
through 4. exvclsa to the most fully marked 4. figurata.

The coloration of the bodies as well varied greatly. The darker
the kind wings were in the main the darker were the markings of the
body. But this was only a tendency. In one the body was entirely
black, and from that through dorsal and lateral markings the; color ex-

tended to a full red laterally and to red with scarcely perceptible black /

~ spots dorsally. eneath on abdomen the color was unitormly black.
’ The thorax varied compuratively little in amount of coloration while the
color of the legs scarcely varied at all.

In my own and other collections there exist all possible intergrades
in the markings of both the fore and hind wings, the latter running”
| through yellow and red and from the solid band of black through black
spots of every from and size to wings almost unspotted at all with black.

Prof. French of Carbondalle Ill. has by breeding established the
identy of Arc#ia mais Dru., with A. phyihra Dru. and A. Phalerata Harr.
And he only doubts the identity of A. decorafa Saund., because the larvee
differed slightly, The larva raised by me from eggs of A. excelsa covered
the likeness of the larvee of A. mais and devorafa as given by Prof, French.
Acting on all these facts we are justified in bringing together a great
number of what have hitherto been called species as being only varieties
ot variations of one species. So far as the facts justify the synonomy
stands as follows. |

* ARCTIA NATS Dru. Snow Grote. ’ decorata Saun.

Phalerata Harr. ‘ phylhra Dru. flammea Neum,
Ma Palaan StLeelks)) Jo)! 0, IP gurata Dru. * excelsa Neum.
cela Saun. placeniia Abb. & Sm,

It seems to me that A. Blake’ Grote, superba Stretch, Bolandert
Stretch and determinafa Neum. must be included under this very variable
- species. And there may also be others with which I am acquainted only
by description. To the above I add the following notes. I raised last
year the larvee of A. virgo. The larvie varied somewhat, the most having

) fOctober.1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOG. VoL. V1. al

\

reddish lateral line while some were all black. The imagines also varied
appearing with 3, 2, 1, and no transverse bars reaching from median
longitudinal bar to costa. The secondaries also varied» much in the
amount of black upon them. The other day I saw in the collection of
Mr. Geo. Franck of Brooklyn two females of this species with yellow in—
stead of red on hind wings and with a marginal unbroken black band
thus corresponding to Variety Celia of figurata. eee

[also last year raised A. Parthenice Kirby. ~The larv were black
with lateral reddish band just like the most of the larvee of A. Purgo and
showed very little vdriation. But there was very considerable variation
in the imagines. The transverse bars were lost in some and the longitu-
dinal lines very much reduced. One had the hind wings more than two
thirds black. This is connection with one even darker in Mr. Franck s
collection give sufficiently the intergrades between A. Purihentie and
Al. Anna Grote, to show to a certainty that the last has not specific stand-
ing. Lest there may bea misapprehension it will be understood that I
look upon A. Purthenice Kirby, as the same insect as 4. Saundersti
Grote. Kirby’s description by Mr. Grotes acknowledgement is better
fitted to Suundrsu than Virgo. And Kirby surely must have been
zequainted with Virgo in nature. ‘The insect stands »
ARCITA PARTHENICE Kirby. Saundrsii Grote. Var. Anna Grote.

ant 0 gr
List of Carabiagae found in the neighborhood
of New York City.

(Continued from page 29—32.)

Helluomorpha Jerrugmea Lec. June, Sept. Under logs in Green-
ville, rare. ,

Brachynus. March to Oct. Under stones, stumps, moss. ete.,
usually near moist places, sometimes in large numbers. As far as could

be ascertained without a synoptic table, the following species are found
here: wiridipennis Dej.; minu/us Harr. ; perplexus Dej. 3 quadripennis
Dej. ; conformis Dej. ; cranisennis De}. ; alternans Dej. 3 fumans Fab.;
similis Lec.; cordicollis Dej.; medius Lec,

Chlaenius, The species of this genus are found in moist places
under stones, with the exception of /omentosus Say, which is usually found
in dry pastures. Karly in spring at the foot of the Pallisades behind Ho-
boken, are found miger Rand ; impun tifrons Say ; fennsifuanicus Say ;
tricolor De}. ; nemoraliy Say ; difints Chaud.; at the sarne locality, but.

‘2 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. 80C. VOL. VI _ October 1883]__

also on Fort Lee, Snake Hill, Ridgewood, N. J., and Jamaica woods —

L, I. during the whole. season : laticollis Say ; aestivus Say ; sericeus Forst.

Anomoglossus emarginatus Say, May to Oct. Under stones in

woods, Fort Lee, Ridzewood, and Jamaica; puszl/us Say, May to Sept.,
near hedges, in fields Long Island, New Jersey.

Brachylobus iithophilus Say, Early in spring behind Hoboken at
the foot of the Pallisades on moist places under stones.

Lachnocrepis paradlelus Say. June. Under stones neara pondin
Ridgewood L. I, rare.

Ootles emertzanus Dej. (fluviahs Lec.) May and June, common
with Brachylobus; amaroides Dej., rare, at the same locality; also with

Lachnocrepts.

Geopinus incras:atus Dej. May to Sept. On sandy places under
boards, cow-manure often six inches deep in the sand, Greenville, ene
Island, Rockaway.

Cratacanthus does Beaur. June and July, at Coney Island’s shore.

Agonoderus iineola Fab. ; pallipes Fab. ; parharius Say ; indistinctus
Dej. ; during the whole season under stones, the first three very common,
the fourth very rare.

Gynandropus Aylacts Say. May, June. Behind Hoboken gas-
house under the bark of trees.

Harpalus erraticus Say. May to Sept. On sand near the canal in

Greenville at Passaic; wirzdaencus Beauv, in the streets and around the

city mostly running; m7dulus Chaud., on Coney Island; dchrous

-tinus Dej., on Coney Island; pedicularius Dej., and ellipticus Dej. are

Dej. ; vulpeculus Say, and autumnalis Say, in the woods near Jamaica,

East New York, and the species of caliginosus Fab.; faunus Say ; vagans_

Lec., compar Lec.; erythropus Dej. ; spadiceus Dej.; pleuriticus Kirby,.
common Dune under stones the whole season. eee
Selenophorus opalinus Lec. June. Jamaica woods, rare 3 gaga-

reported from here, but my specimens are all from Tex. and Fla,

Acupalpus carus Lec. Found here but no special locality is recorded.

Bradycellus cognatus Payk, rare; rupestris Say, common.

Tachycellus atrimedius Say ; badtipennis Hald.

Anisodactylus rusticus Say ; agricola Say ; Harrisa Lec. ; niger-
rimus Dej, ; nigrita Dej. 3 discordeus Dej. ; baltimorensis Say ; coenus Say ;
sericeus Harris ; (Regtonotus) ugudris De}. ; (Amphasia) tnterstitialis Say.

ppongopus verticalis Lec. Anisotarsus Zerminatus Say.

a ee

Pe ee a eee

RE ee Oe pe IO a ee

pts ee

eT

a aoc Sipaete
ed RS ee, oe a

» ng
Ce ed On ie a ne

a

[November 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 73
SYNOPTIC TABLES OF COLEOPTERA.

CICINDELIDA.

By F. G. Schaupp.

/

Having by predilection during the last few years devoted much time —
in collecting the species of this family, I have always felt the want of a
complete treatise on this subject.

Since Say’s Monograph on Cicindelz (1817) in which he enume-
rated but fifteen species, Dr. Leconte published his Revision of the Ci-
cindelz of the United States (1856) treating sixty-five species, the two
papers being on Cicindela alone.

It is difficult to obtain the latter paper, incomplete as it has be-
come by the recent publications of new species and by the discovery that
many enumerated therein are but varieties or races. Hence the time
seems opportune for the publication of a newly revised you in which all
the species now known will appear.

I do not, however, in the present paper, pretend to present a tho-
roughly exhaustive scientific treatise, but rather a concise, plain guide
such as I myself have felt the need of. |

I have availed myself of every printed, written and oral communi-
cation accessible to me to make the work as complete as possible, and I
take this opportunity to express my thanks to all those, who have aided
me by furnishing dates or specimens.

CICINDELIDAE.

Antenne filiform, 11 jointed, inserted on the front above the base of
the mandibles, which are long and sharply toothed, hind cox mobile
and simple, abdomen of female 6-articulate, of male usually 7-articulate.

We have four genera.

Posterior coxze separated, eyes small.

Bides.ot the elytranwidelyainilexednss. tj a iclaya/< oletelsiaa siecle gies yeahs Amblychila.

miees, ofthe elyira-narrowly, ttlex2d 4... s/srsis)- a> eielcuc cls’ eat chars ; adc esssn QOmus.
Posterior coxze contiguous. eyes large prominent.

Third joint of maxillary palpi longer than the fourth................... Tetracha.

Third joint of maxillary Palpueshonter,tnanmtivertowrthy sey. ers elses eyes Cicindela.

é

eae SN SE Se
Ub : + : Y Sued j ‘ i ~ Pk alee erty 2

74 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. IV. November 1883.] ie

Uy < i

AMBLYCHILA ‘uy.

(Greek ; amblys—obtuse, and cheilos—labrum.)

A. cylindriformis, Say, (fig. 1.)—-Black, elytra brown ; head large,
eyes small; labial palpi shorter than maxillary, with the first joint con-
cealed under the mentum, the third and fourth elongate ; mandibles
with 3 teeth; labrum bidentate at middle ; thorax and underside smooth;
elytra oval with three carinze at each side and irregular, unequal punc-
tures; legs long and robust ; tarsi short. Wingless. Length 35-38 mm.

d'-—Hind trochanters acute with two grooves: dense yellow -
brushes near the two tibial spurs of the middle legs ; last ventral segment
broadly rounded with large setigerous punctures on each side of the
middle; pygidium small.

: © .— Hind trochanters shorter, oval, obtuse at tip ; last ventral seg-
-. ment somewhat prominent in middle, and sinuate at each side, with a
_ feeble median longitudinal impression; pygidium very large.

‘The larva, (fig. 121,) has been fully described by Dr. G. H. Horn,
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. vii, p. 29.—It is yellowish—white, head and
thoracic scutes castaneous, differs by the numbers of eyes (but two) and

the length of the joints of antennz and palpi from the larve of Omus,

| Tetracha, and Cicindéla, Antennz with joint two nearty equal to all
the others combined ; maxillary palpi with the first joint longest,
third shortest. Length 32 mm, in normal position; 44.5 mm, when
extended.

Since the time of its description by Say, (1823) this insect has been
very rare, but during the last few years it has been found quite abun-
dantly in Kansas by Messrs. H. A. Brous, Prof. F. H. Snow, and by my
friend, the late George T. Cooper.

It lives in holes made in the clayey banks of ravines, is nocturnal
in its habits, and moves around in a peculiar way, raising its body very
high and keeping its antennze in constant motion. Its sight is very
poor.

Habitat.—Western Kansas, Colorado, Arkansas, Indian Territory,

N. Mexico, Eastern Arizona, Texas. June, July, August.

Say, Journ. Ac Phil. 1822, iii. 139; Trans. Am. Phil., new ser., iv, 409 (em-
end): Thoms.;, Mon: p.'14,4pl. 3, fig. 3-—Lec. Col. off Kans., p. 1. (pl. 2,) figs ae
Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., v. 233, (on sexual characters, etc.); Trans. Am. Ent.
Soc., vii, 28 (on the larva).

Amblychila Piccolominti Reiche. Ann. Tr. 1838, p!. 10, f. 1-6 ismerely ai smmparnen
A. eylindriformis with a wrong locality.

i

%

t
'

[November 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SCC. VOL. VI. 75

rages

OMUS, Esch.
(Omus—Cruel.)

Black, more or less opaque (one submetallic), wingless, head nearly
square, eyes small, palpi of equal length, the labial with the first joint
very short, third long ; antenne inserted in front under a_ prolongation
before the eyes ; mandibles very long, acute, the right with two teeth,
the left with three ; thorax flattened ; elytra convex; legs stout, short.

o\.——Has the three joints of anterior tarsi dilated (more inwards)
and densely spongy beneath ; last ventral segment deeply emarginate at
the middle.

© .—-Has the last ventral segment ova] at tip and entire,

The larva, fig. 122, described by Dr. Horn. 1. c. p. 31, is yellow-
ish-white ; head piceous ; pruthoracic scute pale castaneous ; has eight
eyes, two pairs large, two pairs small ; antennee with the first three joints
equal, fourth shorter ; maxillary palpi with joints one and three equal,
second shorter. Length in normal flexed position, 20 mm,

This genus is also nocturnal, found on the Pacific Slope from Van-—
couver Island to Monterey Co., California. They hide under pieces of
wocd and may easily be baited by placing finely chopped meat near ,
small pieces of board, under which they can be found the next day.

Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., v- 234, (on sexual characters); Trans. Am. Ent.
Soc., vii. 31, (description of the larva of Omus Dejeanii), Hy. Edwards, Psyche, i, 73,
(on the localities and habits of Omus.)

TABLE OF OMUS.
J.—Lateral margin of thorax obliterated posteriorly, not attaining basal margin.

Surface black.
‘Thoracic margin distinctly reflexed.

byte toyeolatcyand ;opagie .. 1 svar. eee ete ei eigeeae ale Dejeanii.

Elytralsimply punctateand shinine. 4) S4jhaecn sees. eee. Edwardsii,
Thoracic margin extremely feeble.

aie), endive woeetenlbaneli7 jOUENOIANE Go We ha ye Audouinii.

Surface bronzed,
Elytra broadest near the apex, form nearly parallel ......... .submetallicus.
IJ.—Lateral margin of the thorax attaining the basal margin.
Elytra moderately coarsely punctured.

MEO Rasa Sal vase lye emo ats. ech aan aan ra MEALS ak ...-Hornii,
Thorax narrowed behind, rugulose.......... LBS el A A a el AUN californicus,
Thorax narrowed behind, comparatively smooth.
loon smoovie, Mailbyqoheol torts uy ea aan Vi he sequolarum.,
Honmyslend em labnuinn neariya tuincate wena «ate iy ema Lecontei,

EMTS WIAA Fonyorouln warponmmncetnvecdly Sk Ak Ae Sian levis.

76 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL. November 1883.]

0: Dejeanii, Reiche, (fig. 2.)—Our largest species, easily dis-
tinguished by the deep irregular foveze of the elytra. Length 15-20 mm, —
Habitat.—Vancouver Island, Northern California, Oregon and
‘Montana. April to July, common. :
Reiche, Ann. Fr, 1838, p. 299; pl. 10, fig. 1; Thoms. Mon., p. 15, pl. 3, fig. 4.
Lec. P. R. R, Exp.. 47 Par., p. 27, pl. 1, f. 1. H. Edwards, Psyche, i, p. 73.
2. Q. Edwardsii, Crotch, (fig. 3.)—Resembles Dejeanii, but is
without the foveze, much smoother. Length 14-18 mm.
Habitat.—Near Lake Tahoe, Cal. June, August. Quite rare.
Crotch, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., v, p. 73; H. Edwards, l. c.
3. 0. Audouinii, Reiche, (fig. 4.)—The thorax less deeply wrink-

Jed, the disc and apical margin nearly smooth, and the punctures ofthe

elytra more unequal. Length 13 to 18 mm.
Habitat.—Foot-hills and mountains of California, Oregon, Wash.
ington Territory and Vancouver Island. June to August. Very

common.
Reiche, Ann. Fr. 1838, p. 300, pl. 10, fig. 2; Thoms. Mon. pl. 3, figs. 7, 8. Lec.
DRE ResEixpy no. 274 ply 1, 11. 2)5) EL) Edwards) alc.

4. 0. submetallicus, Fionn) (fig. 5.)—A species very distinct i its
bronze color, its more elongate and cylindrical form, and the shape of
the elytra. Length 13.5 mm. Only one specimen known: in H. Ulke’s
collection in Washington.

Habitat-—Eldorado, Co., Cal. June.

Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., 1872, p.; Hy. Edwards, 1. c.

5. 0. Hornii, Lec., (fig. 6.)—Has the thorax less narrowed behind
than any other species, elytra rather broadly ovate, much rounded at the
sides. Length 16.5 mm. But one specimen known. Coll. Dr. Leconte.

Habitat.-—_Yosemite, Cal.

Lec. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., v. p. 157; Hy. Edwards, 1. c.

, 6.0, californicus, Esch., (fig. 7.)—Has the thorax very deeply
rugose, which looks therefore more opaque, and may by this character
be easily distinguished. Length 14 to 16 mm.

Habitat—California, west of Sierra Nevada, southwards to Won
terey Co. Found near San Francisco by Hy. Edwards, April to May.

Common.
Eschh., Atl. i, p. 4, pl. 4, fig. 1; Thoms., l.c., p. 16, pl. 3, figs. 5, 6; Lacor—
MidaneiGen. Ati, plad, het; Ween PIR. Re ap.27,) ple 1, oe. ae Hy. Edwards, l. c.
Fas). sequolarum, Crotch; (fig, 8.)—Closely allied to californicus,
but longer, broader and stouter ; sides of thorax more rounded; elytra
broader and more convex. -Length 18 mm, \

[November 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL : 77

oN

Habitat.—Sierra Nevada near Calaveras, Cal. June to August.
Rare: )
Crotch, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., v. p. 73.
8. 0. Lecontei, Horn, (fig. 9.)—Easily known by the form of the
_ elytra, having the greatest width in front of the middle, and behind this
point becoming gradually narrower and less arcuate. Length 16 mm.
tabitat.—Near Monterey, also Mariposa, Cal. June to July,
Rare.
: Horn, Trans. Am. Ent, Soc., iv, p. 143.

g. 0. laevis, Horn, (fig. 10.)—Differs from all the others of the
genus in being almost entirely smooth and sub—opaque; the elytra are re-
ularly oval, exhibiting a few almost obsolete punctures irregularly placed
like the foveze in Dejeanii. The whole surface is very finely, alutaceous,
causing the sub-opaque appearance. Length 17 mm. Only in Dr.
Horn’s and Leconte’s collections. 2 specimens, g' and Q.

Habitat.—High Sierras near the head waters of King’s and Tule

Rivers. June.
Horn, Proc. Ac. Nat. Soc. 1866, p. 394.

TETRACHA Hope.
(Quadrifariam.)

Large, metallic green species which are winged but do not fly.

Head large, eyes circular, large ; labial palpi longer than maxillary,
with the first joint elongated ; third joint of maxillary, longer than the
fourth : mandibles with four teeth ; labrum without tooth ; thorax broad-
er than long ; elytra subparallel, slightly convex, broader than the base
of the thorax, deeply punctulate ; scutellum not visible; alarge triangu-
lar impression at the middle of the thorax.

o'.—Anterior tarsi dilated as in Omus; last ventral segment trian-
gularly emarginate; tip of elytra subtruncate; sutural angle rectan-
gular,

©.—Last ventral segment broadly oval at tip; tip of each elytron
rounded ; sutural angle obliterated.

The larva, (fig. 133) also described by Dr. Horn, |. c, p. 34, is
yellowish-white ; head and thorax corneous with metallic surface; the
margin of the latter testaceous; the eyes as in Omus. Antennze with
second joint longer than the first and equal to the two following together.
Maxillary palpi with the second and third joints nearly equal, each
slightly longer than the first. Length 17 mm,

———

This genus is represented in the United States by two species, which
are also nocturnal in their habits. They hide during day-time under

chips, and are found from Philadelphia southward in every Atlantic and
Gulf State.

Tetracha carolina, Lin. (fig. 11.)—Light gold-green, -tip of ab-
domen, apical lunule of the elytra, legs and antennz Iuteous; thorax
smooth: elytra coarsely punctured, at the middle purple and the margin
bright green. Length 20 mm.

Habitat.—Georgia, Louisiana, Florida, Texas, and Lower Cali-
fornia.
Lin. Syst, nat., ii, 1735, p- 567; Dej., Spec. i, p. 8; Thomson, 1. c. p. 30; Horn,
‘Trans. Am. Ent. Soe., v, p. 234, (sex. char.) About a dozen varieties of this specics are
described from Mexico, Cuba, Brazil. Chili, Peru.

Tetracha virginica, Lin. (fig. 12.)—Dark gold-green, last ventral
segment and antennz ferugineous ; thorax smooth ; elytra much coarser

punctured than T, carolina ; broad lateral margin of thorax and elytra -

‘metallic-green, middle black ; without lunule. Length 20-24 mm.
Habitat-—With the preceding, Texas, Louisiana, Florida, Nebraska,

Pennsylvania. mf

f Lin., Syst. Nat. I, ii, 1735, p. 567; Thoms., l.c.p. 41,-pl. 7, fig. 7;.virginata

Lin. Syst. Nat. (Gmelin) I, iv, p. 1922; Horm, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., v. p. 234,

(sexual characters.)

CICINDELA.

Usually shining, bright colored species; head large with prominent

eyes. ‘Thorax narrower than the head, legs Jong and slender, The species
of this genus live with a few exception on sandy places or roads flying
around as long as the sun is shining. ‘They fly up on the least alarm,
but soon alight a few paces distant ; during night and rainy days they
hide in holes which they have dug in the sand.

The Jarvee live in holes from 6 to 18 inches deep, made by prefe-

rence in sloping ground from which they are easily extracted by intro-
ducing a fine straw or grass down the holes to which they will cling ten-
aciously.

We may tabulate our species as follows.

Humeral angles wanting, species either wingless or with aborted wings....ist Division.
Humeral angles distinct, winged species.
Underside unicolorous black, blue or green... . Byes de Ce be 2nd. Division.
Underside unicolorous, but the hind trochanters rufous............... 8rd Division.
Windersicevmantl yy wa tous etait wna G seis in tamlan won ies tele, caste eb 4th Div-sion.

\

78. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. November 1883]

| {November 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 79

: - FIRST DIVISION.
Humeral angles wanting. |
Wingless, surface immaculate greyish black with some green punctures near the sut—
(HUEY OLE UU Bed (SS byez ey Ao Ry ni Tana Ny a NA Pilatei, Guer
Black without green punctures Belfragii Salle.
With aborted wings, sericeous brown with imperfect white markings.
celeripes, Lec.
Elytra less deeply punctured cursitans Lec.

SECOND DIVISION.

Humeral angles distinct, winged species. Underside metallic green or blue, some-
times black ; hind trochanters of the same colors; elytra of male and _fe-
male equally shaped.
: GROUP I.

Thorax flattened, preceptibly margined, trapezoidal, front glabrous; palpi black,
elytra flattened, tip not serrate.

Elytra punctured only towards the base, black without or with faint white mark-
ings, body beneath black............. PSL BR es i eSB Ce obsoleta, Say.
Black with normal markings vulturina Lec. ; elytra olivaceous duil green,
immaculate, underside metallic green prasina Lec.
Elytra foveate and punctured.
Front flat, labrum three toothed. surface dull brown; elytra with a marginal
dot and cyaneous punctures, underside glabrous........ unipunctata, Fab.
Front excavated, labrum one toothed; surface dull brown or black, elytra with
humeral, posthumeral and ante apical dots and a reclivate nearly transverse
narrow middle band, underside hairy.................. longilabris, Say.
Black, more shining and with more deeply punctured elytra montana Lec.
green above with complete humeral lunule perviridis Schaupp.

GROUP 2.

Thorax convex, not margined, narrowed behind; front hairy, palpi black; elytra
convex.
Marginal markings.
Elytra indistinctly punctured with a row of small shallow foveze near the suture.
Thorax not granulate, hardly ragose, surface not polished; pectus and legs
sparsely clothed with white erect hairs, outer side of middle tibize densely
pubescent, head and thorax green or blue, elytra reddish brassy with
green disc, often with humeral, marginal and apical dots...gsutellarig Say.
Surface green with same dots rugifrons, Dej.; black with same dots mo=
desta De}. ; purple cupreous with such dots, sometimes confluent at margin
Lecontei Hald.; unicolorous green or blue unicolor Dej.; black without
dots nigrior Schaupp.
Thorax short, scarcely rugose with depressed hairs at the sides; elytra more
elongate, dark blue with only a small apical lunule, labial palpi of the male
ONS ANe ORE) DISS i Bia cee eye ane ae esis SR >... -nigrocoerulea Lec.

‘

ay
tbat

ty a sy
Meat
OHS ‘ 4

'

80. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. . November 1883.) |

ind i : ; " ie

Z

Thorax smooth ; elytra brilliantly red cupreous with blue margin with a
marginal and sometimes a humeral dot,. front hairy......... -pulchra Say.

Thorax slightly wrinkled at the sides; elytra with coarse but not densely

placed punctures, which become rapidly finer towards the tip, where they

1¢ are obsolete, black without markings, tip not serrulate; labrum one toothed,
rome Ala ia aahde ee etna eM aia aiealiad ei Lass Metra -++e-- Aornii Schaupp.

Thorax sparsely and slightly rugose; elytra bluish green, not deeply punc—

tured, smooth towards base, with a humeral dot- and a short, transverse

ins marginal line, finely,serrulate at tip, front hairy......... -pimeriana Lec.

3 ' Nermal markings,* the humeral ones often wanting or broken.

Front striate, glabrous, thorax finely rugose, strongly impressed; elytra strongly
punctured, finely serrulate, green with marginal, anteapical, apical and
sometimes a discal dot, body beneath sparsely pilose ..... sexguttata Fab.
Blue or green im naculate violacea Fab.; green with humeral posthumeral,
anteapical and apical dots and a scarcely sinuate, somewhat abbreviated

ak middle band patruela Dej.; black with same markings consentanea De].

Front striate, pilose with erect hairs, thorax short, somewhat flattened, granulate
ruyose, deeply impressed ; elytra moderately punctured, less so near the
margin, which is usually broad greei shining, punctures elevated; slightly
serrulate at tip; body beneath with long white hair, dense on the breast,
sparser on the abdomen. Surface reddish cupreous, with an oblique scar-
cely sinuate band, not reaching the outer margin and an apical dot......
mi é _ purpurea Oliv.
; ‘Black with the same markings Audubdonti Lec.

Green with same markings graminea Schaupp. Green or blackish with a

Boiss! submarginal stripe dilated behind the humeri and before the apex anda

Or middle band little curved or obtusely angulated cimarrona Lec.; green

tinged with cupreous, humeral, posthumeral, anteapical and apical dots
with the middle band suddenly bent and more prolonged behind decemno-
\ tata Say; purple with same dots, and a sinuate middle band limbalis Lec.;
! black with same markings spreta Lec.; cupreous, the middle band less sud-
A Signy 5 denly bent ameena Lec.; head and thorax green or blue, elytra cupreous,
with a very short middle band and an apical dot splendida Hentz.
GROUP 3.
Thorax convex, not margined, subquadrate; palpi of (J usually pale at base; elytra
i ea elytra convex.
Normal markings complete, broad, connected by the white margin. Robust large
\ species; labrum moderately large, three toothed, prominent in the middle.
Front, thorax and body very hairy.
Elytra red cupreous, brillant, middle band obtusely bent........formoga Say.
\ Metallic brown, same markings, middle band more deflexed generosa Dej.;
1ed cupreous, more slender and convex, middle band more perpendicular
venusia Lec,

4 * 4. e. a humeral lunule, a middle band more or less bent and descending inter-
nally and an apical curved line usually bent inward at its anterior part.

[November 1883. . BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 81

Elytra black, less conyex, more strongly punctured, labrum shorter ; white

TMEICTU SI? IOIKORIELY Sa Sho Weiaicon myuiges oder SS latesignata Lec.

A race has the markings narrower and the margin for a very little space
disconnected before the apical lunule.

Front not hairy. Elytra dull bronzed brown, wings of Q slightly dilated in front
of middle

ASE eect ASR I OR ASTRA UR Umer ce UAB ah Willistoni Lec.
Markings broad not connected at margin.
Elytra red cupreous, brilliantly shining ................5. -.--- fulgida Say.
Meret tal Mio echo Se tO ATR AR OE RU TOU 0 senilis Horn.

Markings narrower, color usually brown bronze.
Humeral lunule long, prolonged obliquely (figs. 129, 130).

Middle fascia obtusely bent, extending at the margin nearly to the humeral
and apical lunules, terminal part very long, nearly perpendicular........

hyperborea Lec.

A variety has the elytra white, with a green or blue sutural vitta narrowed
behind, an oblique irregular line behind the middle and a small triangular
dot before the middle, exterior and basal edge also green or blue,
limbata Say.

This variety bears a very different aspect from the typical species hyper-
borea, but Dr. Leconte has in his cabinet intermediate forms between limbata
and hyperborea (see fig. 129 a, b, c.)

Middle fascia rectangularly bent extending along the margin, terminal part
short, oblique; apex of humeral lunule heavier (fig. 130)

ancocisconensis Harr. —

Humeral lunule much longer, obliquely prolongated, middle band but little ex-
tendedialone: the maram (fig. 13%) eee see. ys nee vulgaris Say.

Green variety with markings not reaching the margin vibew Horn. Variety
with markings somewhat heavier (fig. 128) obliquata Kirby.

Humeral lunule C-shaped (fig. 132), thorax rugose and granulated, short; elytra
punctured with elevated granules intermixed; serrate. Brown with com—
plete markings, humeral lunule and middle band connected at margin
(Qiivers v9 (7) Vole evel espana eee IDM Gey cet ait. cURRtn ayy ORT ANSE repanda Dej.
The humeral and apical lunule interrupted at the middle, middle band
complete, but not extending along the margin, brown, (fig. 133); oregona
Lec.; same, dark blue (fig. 134) guttifera Lec.; brown with all the mark—
ings broken (fig. 135) 12 guttata De}.

Humeral lunule as in vulgaris, but very faint, of the middle band hardly more
than a triangular marginal spot visible; black opaque; elytra behind the
humeri a little broader, sparsely punctured, tibize pale at base (fig. 136)....

cs pusilla Say.
Black with but a faint apical lunule terricola Say; green, more slender,
with same faint markings as in pusilla, cyanella Lec.

GROUP 4. ie
Thorax convex, quadrate.
Humeral lunule perpendicularly inflexed and bent upwards at tip (fig. 137),
thorax very hairy, that of the 9 more flattened; brown or greenish......
hirticollis Say.
Humeral lunule as in wulgaris, markings usually connected by a white marginal
band, which is separated from the margin by narrow black stripe
(fig.138); green, brown or black; thorax finely granulate. -cinctipennis Lec.
Without the white margin, middle band distant from the margin; black or
brown, imperfecta Lec. (fig. 70).
With only five distinct round white spots, one humeral, two submarginal, one
anteapical and one discoidal on each elytron; the apical part entirely want-
ing; thorax alutaceous, not rugous or granulate........ rectilatera Chand.

GROUP 5.

Thorax subcylindrical, front bald.

Elytra punctured, with long slender markings, middle band slightly bent, ob—
lique, connected with a marginal white line (fig. 140) .. tenuisignata Lec.

Elytra densely punctured with a row of unusual large green foveze near the
suture, humeral lunule and middle band indicated by scattered punctures,
apical lunule complete; black shining.................. punctulata Oliv.
Green variety with same markings micans Fab.

Elytra dispersedly deeply punctured, punctures often green, with narrow mare
ings, middle band very tortuous, margin with a supplementary spot before

the apical lunule; brown bronze or greenish................tortwosa Dej.

GROUP 6.

-Vhorax broadest behind; elytra broad, depressed, white, with exceptional green mark-
4 ISeo(die ON) scly ora of O angulated’ 2) 00°) 2 eee cae nee dorsalis Say.
Specimens without the markings (fig. 92). Smaller specimens, (fig. 93)

media Lec.; still smaller (fig. 94) with markings somewhat heavier Sauleyi
Querin. :

THIRD DIVISION.

Humeral angles distinct, winged species. Underside unicolorous, but the hind troch—
anters rufous; shape of elytra in Q and j' usually different. Maritime,
salt-marsh or fluviatile species. Eyes very large, prominent; legs very long.

GROUP I.

_ Cylindrical, moderately stout species, anus green.

Right mandible of ,j' toothed beneath, suture of -f’ retracted,

Mandibular tooth feeble; elytral apex of J’ rounded; an emargination and spimi-
form prolongation of the inflexed portion of the retracted suture mm the Q

(pL ay ee aera. Faas JOUC UG oHS oo oBIdeiDeoc os le clalkoalayy), Jinallle,

Mandibular tooth moderate; elytral apex with a slight sinuation near the suture,
* which is acutely but feebly prolonged in the </'; the 9 has the suture
retracted with slight emargination and the inflexed portion squarely

truncate’ (ple NE VANDI Sy ash acinar) MAEM uate OE marginata Fab.

82 BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VI. November 1883.)

ee Se

[November 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 83

Right mandible of cg not toothed beneath; the elytra sinuate and those of the O
often with a thooth one fourth from the tip.
Elytra with basal white spot.
Sinuation of O elytra distinct; elytral markings slender and not confused:
Middle band sinuous and long; markings very similar,

Cupreous; elytra coarsly and densely punctured, those of Q strongly sinu-
ate near the tip; tooth acute and prominent, tip rounded; tip of ©’ obtuse
(GOISRIVATC) Ls Sata Sacer a) 7 EURO UGE RERUN JBI AS ky REET A cuprascens Wee:

Bronzed; elytra more finely and less densely punctured, those of Q strongly
sinuate, tooth rectangular, tip obtusely truncate; tip of ({' subacute
(Gohe) WALNGl)) Wait 5 Singlo aplasia BHM ts phos sil ea EIN Aan puritana Horn.

Bronzed; elytra finely and sparsely punctured, those of the Q less sinuate,
tooth rather obtuse, tip slightly proionged, suture spinous; tip of <j
Siitelnidly; jorRolkormexsal Goll HWANG) iy. Hou nslasen ogous eda macra Lec.

Middle band short, terminated by a short hook............... Wapleri Lec.
Sinuation of the Q elytra feeble, no tooth near tip. Elytral markings broad,
confused, basal spot connected with humeral lunule....blanda Dej.

Elytra without a basal spot; a strong sinuation with a moderate tooth in the Q.

Markings not connected at margin, middle band with short, feebly sinuous

lkonaritauichinenh jorordiOIM LN calcining oo dacs 6 Kovlaciade soci eit: nevadica Lec.
Markings connected at margin, middle band with long, moderately sinuous
Horavariguteluien My ckoyd itoy oles Ua Mave i sean LiMn ne AIRE ea sperata Lec.

Markings very abnormal; humeral lunule obtusely bent and hooked, middle
band curved towards the base and suddenly bent at an acute angle,
and obliquely prolonged toward the suture and to near the apical lunule,
which is greatly prolonged anteriorly............... s.e+e-G@apbii Horn,

GROUP 2.

Cylindrical, very slender species, anus green.

Elytra narrow, slender, with black suture, three times dilated, the whole under surface
densely pubescent.

Labrum densely clothed with hairs, sutural dark space broad.. -hirtilabris Lae.

Labrum glabrous, sutural dark space much narrower....... ..... gratiosa Querin.
GROUP 3.

Anus testaceous, hind trochanters sometimes purple instead of rufous.
Elytra flat and broad, with a few sinuous darlc lines, legs, antennas palpi and sutural

Sms sTfeaia DREN KS) Aoeirs Gs RRR Se Mt IR EOE A hi AI lepida Dej.
Elytra brown bronzed with shallow green foveze, middle band faint, narrow, broadest
near margin, apical lunule complete.......... .. viridisticta Chaud.

Elytra red cupreous with a white vitta far remoyed from the margin, slightly lobed
internally, extending from the humerus to the tip where it bends around
to the suture, legs rufous..... .... eee whe nine eMMIScacanluces

84 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. IV. | November 1883.) _

f

Elvtra with broad white lobed margin, strongly punctured; densely pubescent beneath.

Front glabrous; elytra convex; green, brown or black.......... circumpicta Laf.

{

Front densely pubescent; elytra more flat; brown.... . Fee RAE ona -togata Laf.

Elytra with broad white margin, the middle band hooked at tip and the anterior part

of the apical lunule deeply cutting into the dark sutural space which is

SEKOneiky MUNECULe .\c), oh gas cfeva aeuuncien S35 5 eee eet ee pamphila Chaud.

- Elytra green or black with a marginal (sometimes also a posthumeral) dot and an
entire apical lunule.

Elytral punctures stronger near the base, toward the apex obsolete; labrum three

toothed ioneenvor blackman errant eminent severa Laf.

Hlytral punctures deeper; the surface.more polished; <j’ without, Q with one labral
HOCUS GlaNe CANTEEN bag snadganeouesbeepnoWeobokee \oanes striga Lec.

FOURTH DIVISION.

Underside partly rufous.

Normal markings, middle band usually in advance of its ordinary position, on the
margin behind the middle band and on the disc just before the apical
lunule are additional spots.

Thorax subquadrate, surface greenish black, with a humeral and posthumeral spot
(rarely connected), middle band long, apical lunule. -haemorrhagica Lec.
An immaculate variation, olivaceous green; pacifica Schaupp.
’ Whorax subcylindric, surface black, middle band short.
Humeral lunule entire, markings heavy...............-..0. 00000: Hentzii Dej.

Humeral lunule brocken, markings slender .................... rufiventris Dej.

Markings reduced to eight punctures on each elytron 16 punctata Klug. Blue
variety with scattered punctures cumatilis Lec.
Marginal white band.

Mentum with one tooth, thorax cylindrical, marginal band slightly bilobed. Opaque

greenish or fuscous......... Cea IL OEAN WL IMPS re marginipennis Dej.
Mentum without tooth; thorax convex, subquadrate; marginal band lobed with a
long straight oblique line for the middle band, the apical lunule is pro-
lonwediniironiaaVielyetya black ene sip): nea a iia Schauppii Horn.
Apical lunule only and sometimes faint discal spots; black shining. __
Elytra with a row of large punctures near the suture, thorax much longer than wide;
middle band indicated by two faint white spots....... abdorninalis Fab.
Variety with elytra scabrous and more deeply punctured scabrosa Schaupp.

Elytra finely and densely punctulate, thorax not longer than wide, terminal lunule

represented by a narrow short line, which is sometimes obsolete. Head
and thorax slightly bluish bronzed ............. ....... politula Lec.

Black with broad luteous markings; a humeral lunule, a straight middle band and a
larcesround!subapical/spote) erm eile iepsleieie aie eee Sommer] Mann.

=

y 4
a eee

oe Lay Nn
s ;

[December 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. I

OBITUARY.
John L. Le Conte, M. D.

Doctor Le Conte died on Thursday, Nov. 15th 1883, at 1 o’clock
p.M., at his residence 1625 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

John Lawrence Le Conte was the son of Major John Eatton Le
Conte, U. S. A.. and was born in New York, May 1 ath, 1625: oe
graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York,
1846; and six years later he removed to Philarlelphia.

During the late civil war he entered the army as surgeon of volun—
teers and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel and Medical
Inspector U. S. A. For the last few years he was engaged in the U.S.
Mint in Philadelphia as Assistant—Inspector.

Dr. Le Conte inherited the love for natural sciences from his father,
who was also a distinguished naturalist. He wrote on different subjects
and was well versed in Zoology and Mineralogy, but he made a special
study of Entomology, notably of Coleoptera, describing about one half
of the species known to inhabit the United States.

His first paper on Coleoptera appeared in 1844 and since that time
he published over 150 papers, some of which are quite extensive and are
standard works, as his Classification and his Rhynchophora. A list of
his entomological writings is appended to this memoir.

As an Entomologist his fame is of world-wide recognition and he
was no doubt the greatest on this continent; his name can never die.

He made quite extensive travels in this country for scientific investi-
gation, was several times in Europe where he studied the typical collec-
tions of North American Coleoptera in London and Paris, and he was
also acquainted with all the leading Entomologists of the world; and
what we have to appreciate most, he was an excellent teacher and a fast
friend to our Dr. Horn, with whom he worked in harmony all the time,
and with whom he edited his Classification of the Coleoptera and the
Rhynchophora.

There was never the slightest jealousy between these two friends and
naturalists, a very refreshing example indeed compared with the enmity
and personal attacks indulged in by other persons engaged in similar
pursuits.

II BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. December 1883]

Unfortunately Dr. Le Conte’s Writings are scattered among so many
periodicals in this country and abroad that it is simply impossible to ob-
tain a full set of them, as many, especially the earlier publications, have
been a long time out of print. Would it not now be well, to have all
his writings republished in the same way as Dr. Le Conte himself repu-
blished Says’ Entomological Writings? And where can a man be found
who is better qualified to supervise the edition than Dr. Horn? Would
not that be a monument set in memory of the deceased, more- durable
than bronze (zere perennius) ?

Practising as a physician he found time besides the immense work
done in his writings to fill positions as President, Secretary, Member of
Committees in different scientific Societies, such as the Academy of Na-
tural Sciences, American Philosophical and American Entomological
Societies, and American Association for the Advancement ofScience. He
found even the time to help along book-less beginners by naming their
Harpali pennsylvanici, Pterostichi lucublandi, and other equally rare
species.

I shall ever remember his kind receptions when I visited him
during the Christmas weeks of latter years. After his colored porter had
opened the door for me and had taken him my card, the Doctor shouted
from the top of the stairs: ‘‘Welcome! Very glad to see you! Please,
come up stairs!” He talked with me for hours, and gave me all the infor-
mation I desired, and then left me alone with his collection. He presented
me many good typical specimens and I shall never forget his kindness.

He had been a few times during the past two years very ill and
although we were fearing for the worst, we still were shocked on receiving
Dr. Horn’s laconic message :

“Dr. Le Conte died to day at 1 P.M.”

At a special meeting convoked for Saturday Nov. 17th, the Brook-
lyn Entomological Society resolved to send a Committee of three of its.
Members to Philadelphia, to place a laurel-wreath on our deceased
Master’s, Member’s, Co-worker’s, and Friend’s sarcophagus; the laurel he
had so very well deserved, ‘This resolution was duly carried out.

F. G. ScHauppr.

[December 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. Til

I

Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York.

. Monograph of the species of Pasimachus inhabiting the U. S. with descriptions ot

two new genera belonging to the family Carabicina. 1848, vol. IV, pp. 141—
154, with 2 plates.

. On certain Coleoptera, ee to the Eastern and Western Continents. 1848,

vol. IV, pp. 159—63.

. A descriptive Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera inhabiting the U.S. east

of the Rocky Mountains. 1848, v. IV, pp. 172—233 and 334—474, with two
plates.

. Synopsis of the Coleopterous Insects of the Group Cleridae which inhabit the United

States. 1849, vol. V, pp. 9—36.

. Descriptions of New Species of Coleoptera, from California. 1851-52, vol. V,

pp. 125—216.

Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History.

. Descriptions of some new species of Coleopterous insects inhabiting the U. S. 1844,

vol. I, p. 201.

. Descriptions of new species (to the Catalogue of the Coleoptera of Mt. Washington.

N. H. by E. P. Austin). 1874, vol. XVI, pp. 265--76.

Journal of the Boston Society of Natural History.

Description of some new and interesting insects, inhabiting the U.S. [The same
species desc. as in No. 1. Boston Proc.] 1845, vol. V, pp. 203—9 with one plate.

2. On the Pselaphidae of the U. S.; 1850, vol. VI, pp. 64—110.

Transactions of the American Philosophical Society of Philadelphia.

. Notes on the Classification of the Carabidae of the U.S. 1853, vol. X, pp. 363

to 403.

2. Revision of the Hlateridae of the U. S. 1853, roll X, pp. 405—508.

es)

. Revision of the Cicindelidae of the U. S. 1857, vol. XI, p. 27—63 with one plate.
. Revision of the Buprestidae of the U. S. 1859, vol. XI, pp. 187—258 with one pl,

Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society of Philadeiphia.

. The Rhynchophora of America, North of Mexico. 1876, vol. XV, pp. HI—XVI

and I—455, (together with Dr. Horn).

. Tabular Synopsis of the Rhynchophora of America. 1877, vol. XVI, pp. 1—8.
. Additional description of new species [to the Coleoptera of Florida by EH. A.

Schwarz.] 1878, vol. XVII, pp. 373—434.

. Descriptions of new species (to H, G. Hubbard’s and EH. A. Schwarz’ Coleoptera

of Michigan). 1878. vol. XVII, pp. 593—623.

IV

BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. December 1883.]

1. Fragmenta Entomologica, 1847. (New series) vol. I, pp. 71—93.
. An attempt to classify the longicorn Coleoptera of the part of America, North of

. Synopsis of the Species of Pterostichus Bon. and allied genera inhabiting temperate

. Synopsis of the Mélolonthidae of the U. S. 1856, vol. III, pp. 225—88.

. Catalogue of the Coleoptera of the regions adjacent to the boundary line between

Journal of the Aca emy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Mexico. 1850, v. I, pp. 311—340; 1850, vol. II, pp. 5—38; 1852, vol. I, pp.
99—I12; pp. 139—178.

North America. 1852, vol. II, pp. 225—56.

the United States and Mexico. 1858, vol. IV, pp. 9—42, with one plate.

Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

: Description of new species of N. A. Coleoptera. 1844, vol. II, pp. 48—53.

Vol. V. (1851.)

. Synopsis of the species of Donacia, Fab, inhabiting the U. 8. pp. 310—316.

3. Zoological Notes (about fauna of Panama) pp. 316—320.

on

20.

ie

. Synopsis of the Lampyrides of temperate North America. pp, 331—347.

Vol. VI. (1852—1853.)

Hints towards a natural classification of the family Histrini of Coleopterous Insects.
pp. 36—41.

. Synopsis of the Parnidce of U. S. pp. 41—45.
. Synopsis of the Hucnemides of temperate N. A. pp. 45—49.
. Remarks on some Coleopt. Insects collected by S. W. Woodhouse. M. D., in

Missouri Territory and N. Mexico. pp. 65—68.

. Synopsis of the Anthicites of the U. S. pp. 91—104.

. Remarks upon the Coccinellide of the U. S. pp. 129-—-145.

. Synopsis of the Scydmeenidce of the U. S. pp. 149—157.

. Catalogue of the Melyrides of the U. S. with description of new species. pp. 163

to 171.

. Description of 20 new speci .of Coleoptera mhabiting the U. S. 1853, yol. VI,

pp. 226 —235.

. Synopsis of the Silphales of America, North of Mexico. pp. 274—87.
. Synopsis of the species of the Histeroid genus Abrceus, Leach, inhabiting the

U. S. with description of two nearly allied genera, pp. 287—92.

. Synopsis of the Meloides of the U.S. pp. 328—50.

. Synopsis of the Atopidee, Rhipiceridee, and Cyphonidee of U. S. pp. 350--57.

. Synopsis of the Endomychidee of the U. S. pp. 357—60.

. Description of some new Coleoptera from Texas, chiefly collected by the Mex.

Boundary Commission. pp. 439—48.
Vol. VIL. (1854—55.)

Description of some new Coleoptera from Oregon, collected by D. I G. Cooper of
the North Pacific R. R. Expedition ete. pp. 16—20.
Synopsis of the Oedemeridee of the U. S. pp. 20—22,

[December 1883 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. -V

45.

46.

47.

48.
49.

50.

Notes on the genus Amblychila, Say. pp. 32 —34.

. Synopsis of the species of Platynus and allied genera inhabiting the U. S.

pp. 35—o9.

. Synopsis of the Cucuiides of the U. S. pp. 73—79.
. Notice of some Coleopterous Insects from the collection of the Mexican Boundary

Commission. pp. 79—85.

. Synopsis of the Dermestidce of the U. S. pp. 106—13.

. Synopsis of the Byrrhidee ofthe U. S. pp. 113—17.

. Synopsis of the Hrotylidee of the U. S. pp. 158-63.

. Description of the spec. of Trow and Omorgus inhabiting the U. S. pp. 211—16.

. Some corrections in the nomenclature of Coleoptera found in the U. S. pp. 216-20.
. Descriptions of new Coleoptera collected by Thos. H. Webb. M.D., pp. 220-25.

. Synopsis of the Pyrochroides of the U. 8. 1855, vol. VII, pp. 270-77.

. Remarks on some misrepresentations contained in the ‘‘Catalogue des larves des

Coleopteres’’ by M. M. Chapuis and Candeze. pp. 288-89.

. Analytical table of the species of Hydroporus found in the U. S. pp. 290-99.
. Synopsis of the Lathridiides of the U. S. and Northern contiguous Territories.

pp. 299-305.

. Notes on the Amare of the U. S. pp. 346-56.
. Synopsis of the Hydrophilide of the U. S. pp. 356-75.

Vol. VIII. (1856).

. Synopsis of the Mycetophagide: of the U. S. pp. 12-15.

. Synopsis of the Phalacridae of the U. S. pp. 15-17.

. Notes on the genus Lithodus Schoenh. pp. 18-19.

. Notice of three genera of Scarabaeidae found in the U. S. pp. 19-25.

. Analytical table of the species of Chlaenius found in the U.S. pp. 25-29.

- 1857. (Vol. IX.)

. Catalogue of the species of Bembidium found in the U. S. and contiguous Northern

Regions. pp. 2-6.

. Index to the Buprestidae of the U. S. described in the works of Laporte and Gory

with notes. pp. 6-11.
Synopsis of the spec. of Clivina and allied genera inhabiting U. S. pp. 75-83.

1858. (Vol. X.)

Descriptions of new species of Coleoptera chiefly collected by the U. S. and Mexi-
can Boundary Commission, under Maj, W. H. Emory, U. 8. A. pp, 59-89.
Note on the species of Hleodes found within the U. S. pp. 180-88.

1859. (Vol. XL)

Catalogue of the Coleoptera of Fort Tejon. Cal. pp. 69-90.
Addition to the Coleopterous Fauna of Northern California and Oregon. pp. 281
to 292.

Descriptions of new species of the Coleopterous family Histeridee. pp. 310-315.

VI

BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. December 1883.]

1860. (VOL. XIL)

. Notes on Coleoptera found at Fort Simpson, Mackenzie River, with remarks on

Northern Species. pp. 315—21.

. Synopsis of the Scaphidiidce of the U. S. pp. 321—24.

1861. (Vol. XIII.)

3. Notes on the Coleopterous Fauna of Lower Cal. pp. 335—38.
. New species of Coleoptera inhabiting the Pacific district of U. 8. pp. 388—59.

1862. (Vol. XIV.)

. Notes on the Classification of Cerambycide with description of new spec.’ p. 38-43.
. Synopsis of the Mordellide of the U. S. pp. 43—61.

. Notes on the species of Calosoma inhabitmg the U. S. pp. 52—53.

. Synopsis of the species of Colymbetes inhabiting America, north of Mexico. pp.

521—23.

. Notes on the species of Brachinus inhabiting the U.S. pp. 523—25.

(Note on Strepsiptera) 1864. pp. 49—50.
1865. (Vol. XVII).

. Note on the species of Myodites Latr. inhabiting the U. S. pp. 96—98.

. Note on species of Harpalus inhabiting America north of Mexico. pp. 98 —104.

. On the species of Galerwea and allied genera inhabiting N. A. pp, 204—22.

. Prodromus of a Monograph of the species of the Tribe Anobiini of the Family

Ptinidee inhabiting North America. pp. 222—44.
1866. (Vol. XVIII).

. Remarks on the sub-family Clavigeride. pp. 108—109.
. List of the Coleoptera collected in the mountains of Lycoming County. Pa. pp.

346—48.

. List of Coleoptera collected near Fort Whipple. Arizona, by Dr. Elliott Coues,

U. S. A. in 1864—65. pp. 348—349.

. Revision of the Dasytini of the U. S. pp. 349—61.
. Additions to the Coleopterous Fauna of the U. S. No. 1. pp. 361—394.

1868. (Vol. XX.)

. Analytical table of the species of Baridius mhabiting the U. S. pp. 361—65.
. The Gyrinide of America, north of Mexico. pp. 365—73.
. Notes on the species of Ayonoderus, Bradycellus and Stenolophus, inhabiting

America north of Mexico. pp. 373-—82.
1873, (Vol. XXV.)

. (Remarks upon the the death of) F. E. Melsheimer, pp. 257-58.
. The Pterostichi of the U. S. pp. 302—20.
. Synonymical Remarks upon N. A. Coleoptera,. pp. 321—36

1876. (Vol. XXVIID.

. Destructive Coleoptera. p. 195.
. Report on Insects introduced by means of the Inter. Exhibition. pp. 267—71.
. On Rocky Mountain Locusts. 1877. pp. 129—31.

[December 1883. | BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. VII

Transactions of the American Entomological Society of Philadelphia.

. New Coleoptera collected on the Survey for the Extension of the Union Pacific

Railway, E.D. from Kansas to Fort Craig, New Mex. 1868. Vol, II. pp. 49-59.

. Coleoptera of the U. S. Coast Survey Expedition to Alaska under charge of Mr.

George Davidson. 1868, Vol Il,pp. 59—64.

. Notes and an Appendix. (To C. Zimmermann’s Synopsis of the Scolytidce of

America, North of Mexico.) 1868, Vol. Il, pp. 141--78.

. Synonymical notes on Coleoptera of the U. 8., with descriptions of new species,

from the MSS. of the late Dr. C. Zimmermann. 1869, Vol. II. pp. 243—59.

. Description of New Coleoptera, chiefly from the Pacific Slope of North Ametica.

1874 Vol.V. pp. 43—72.

. Note on the Genus Pleocoma Lec. pp. 81—84.

. On the Cupeside of North America. pp, 87—88.

. Notes on the Cicindelidee of the U. S. 1875. Vol. V. pp. 157—62.

. On the Rhyssodidae of the U. S. pp. 162—68.

. Description of New Coleoptera of the U. S. with notes on geographical distribu-

tion. pp. 169—76.

. On the Affinities of Hypocephalus, 1876, Vol. V. pp. 209—18.
. On certain genera of Staphylinidae, Oxytelini, Piestidae and Micropeplidae, as re-

presented in the fauna of the U. S. 1877, vol. VI, pp. 213—82.

. Short Studies of N. A. Coleoptera. 1880, vol. VIII, pp. 163—218.
. Synopsis of the Lampyridae of the U. S. 1881. vol. IX. pp. 15—72.

Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections.

. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of the U. S. By Fred. E. Melsheimer. Re-

vised by S. S. Haldeman and J. L. Leconte. 1853, pp. 16—174.

. Instructions for collecting Coleoptera. (Annual Report of the Board of Regents.)

1859, pp. 160-64.

. The Coleoptera of Kansas and Eastern New Mexico. (Contributions to knowledge.)

1859. vol. XI, pp. 1—58, two plates, one map.

. Classification of the Coleoptera of North America, Part. 1, (Miscellaneous Collec-

tions) 1862, vol. III, pp. 1 —286.

. List of the Coleoptera of North America, Part 1. (Misc. coll.) 1867, v. VI, p. 1-78.
. New species of North American Coleoptera. Part I, (Misc. coll.) 1867, vol. VI,

pp. 1—177.

. New species of the North American Coleoptera, Part 2, (Misc. coll.) 1874, vol. XI.

pp. 169—240.

. Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Part 2. (Misc. coll,) 1873, vol.

XI, pp. 279—348.

. Classification of the Coleoptera of North America, [Prepared in company with Dr. —

Horn.] (Misc. coll.) 1883. pp. I—XXXVIII. and 1—-567.

VIIL BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. December 1883.] _

U. 8. Governement’s Publications.

. Report upon the insects collected on the Survey. (Reports on Explorations and

Surveys ete. from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Washington)
1860, vol. XII, Part 3. pp. 1—72. With 2 plates.

. Report upon new species of Coleoptera collected by the F:xpeditions for Geographi—

cal Surveys etc. (Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers to the Secretary of
War for 1876. Washington) 1876, Part 3, pp. 516—20.

. The Coleoptera of the Alpine Regions of the Rocky Mountains. (Bull. Geol. and

Geogr. Survey. Washington) 1878, vol. IV, No. 2, pp. 447—80.

. The Coleoptera of the Alpine Rocky Mountains Regions. Part 2. (Bull. Geol. and

Geogr. Survey. Washington) 1879. vol. V, No. 3, pp. 499—920.

American Naturalist.

1. Salt-water insects. 1868. vol. II. pp, 329—30.

oo

. Monograph of the Trichopterygidee. (Request for subsc. to Rev. A. Matthews’)

1869, vol. III. pp. 213-14.

. On the preservation of Fntomological Cabinets. 1869. vol. IT, pp. 307—9.
. Hints for the promotion of economy Entomology in the U. S. 1873. vol. VII, pp.

710—22.

. The Classification of the Rhynchophorous Coleoptera. 1874. voi. VIII, pp. 385—96

and 452—170.

. An additional character for_the definition of Rhynchophorous Coleoptera. 1875, vol. |

IX, pp. 112—13.

. Address of the retiring president of the Am. Assoc. for the adv. of Science. 1875.

vol. IX, pp. 481—98.

Proceedings of the Am. Association for the Advancement of Science.

. On some curious habits of a species of Asilus. 1850. vol. II, p. 195.
. On the geographical distributions of animals in California. 1852. vol. VI, pp.

248—54.

. An instance of replacement of injurious insects by human agency, 1875. vol.

XXIII, p. 44.

Canadian Entomologist.

. On some changes in the nomenclature of N. A. coleoptera, which have been recently

proposed. 1874. vol. VI. pp. 186—96.

. On Entomological Nomenclature. 1874, vol. VI, pp. 201-—6. and 223—26.
. Methods of subduing insects injurious to agriculture. 1875, vol. VII, pp. 167-72.

4. (Address as President of the Entom. Club of the Am. Assoc. Adv. Science.) 1876.

vol. VIII, pp. 176—78.

Buffalo Society of Natural Science.

. Notes on the species of Pasimachus. 1874. vol. I, pp. 266—73.
. New Coleoptera. 1881. vol. IV, pp. 27—28, with one plate.

/

[December 1883. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. IX

Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

. An excellent trap for small Silphidee ete. 1878, vol. I. p. 11.

. (Collecting at Capron Springs W. Va.) 1878. vol. 1, p. 30.

. Description of a new species of Calosoma. 1878. vol. I, p, 61.

. Synoptic table of the species of Calosoma. 1878. vol. I, pp. 64—66.

. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus with description of new species. 1879,
vol. II, pp. 43 —58.

. Synoptic tables [of Panagaeus, Helluomorpha, Galerita, Zuphium (with desc. of a
new spec.), Diaphorus.] 1879. vol. II. pp. 59—62. [Casnonia, Ega, Lach-
nophorus, Plochionus.] $1880. vol. Il. pp. 85—86. [Myas] 1882. v. V, p. 63.

of WN

(oy)

North American Naturalist.
New Coleoptera. 1879, vol. I, pp. 1—5 with one plate.

Psyche.
Stridulation of Coleoptera. 1878. vol. II. p. 126.

Journal of Science and Art.
On the systematic value of Rhynchophorous Coieoptera etc. 1867, s. 2, vol. XLIV,
pp. 41—43, with cuts.

Annals and Magazin of Natural History. London.
1. List of Coleoptera collected in Vancouver’s Island by Henry and Joseph Matthews
with description of some new species. 1869, s. 4, vol. IV, pp. 369—85.
2. Synonymical notes on N. A. Coleoptera. 1870, s.4, vol. IV, pp. 394—404.

Harold’s Coleopterologische Hefte. Munchen.
Description of a new species of Aphodius. 1872. vol. X, p. 193.

Arcanae Naturae. Paris.
Description of some genera and species of Coleoptera from the vicinity of the southern
boundary of the U.S. 1859, vol. III, pp. 121—28, with 2 plates.

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.
On Platypsyllide, a new family of Coleoptera. 1872. pp. 799—804, with one plate.

Nature.
Parasite of the beaver. 1872. vol. VI. p. 162.

General remarks upon the Coleoptera of Lake Superior. (Lake Superior, Agassiz and
Cabot. Boston) 1850, pp. 201—42, with one plate.
American Entomology. (The complete writings of Thomas Say, edited and with notes
on Coleoptera by Leconte. New York) 1869. Two volumes with 54 plates.
Besides these papers there are many more smaller articles in Berliner Entomolo—

gische Zeitschrift, in Packard’s Record of Am. Entomology, in the Proceedings of
he Transactions of Am. Entom, Society etc. etc.

Mais erent. sevaqe 3

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1 5

[January 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 85

‘BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Pilatei Guerin (Dromochorus). Blackish-gray above, shining black
beneath, Head large, smooth; labrum advanced, in the middle three
toothed; thorax cylindric, longer than broad, with faint impressions; |
elytra twice longer than broad, oval, with green punctures on the disc,
in a row near the suture and dispersed in its neighborhood.

The var. Be/fragei Salle, is more black, elytra smooth or punctured, but
no green punctures. ‘This variety has been for many years in every
collection as Pilafec Guer I received in 1874 from Mr. Emil Schor- °
bach in New Orleans a few specimens, being gray and having the
green punctures, which Dr. Leconte described as maga. M. A. Salle
from Paris saw them in Leconte’s Collection and to show the wander-
ings of a type I quote Mr. Salle’s words: ‘I know that the type of
““Dromochorus | Pitater| had passed from the collection Pilate to that
“of Mr. J. Thomson and that Mr. Janson had bought the latter and

sold half of it to Mr. Edwin Brown, In the collection of Thompson
“there were two specimens of this insect, Pilate’s type (coming from
‘Velasco, Tex,), and a specimen he had bought in 1861 from Mr. H,
“Deyrolle, who had received it from Mr, Perroud, who had received it
‘from Dallas, Tex.”—That is what I call the predigree of an Insect!
All my specimens of Pi/azez are from the North shore of Lake Pont-
chartrain, La.; those of Be/frager are found in Tex. and Kans. in July
and Aug, Length 12—15 mm.

Guerin Ann. Fr, 1845. Bull. p. 96. Mag. Zool. 4845, pl. 162, maga Lec.
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1875, V, 161. var. Belfragei Salle, Ann. Fr. 1877. Bull. p. 6. |

Celeripes Lec. Brown bronze, head granulate-rugose, eyes very large,
labrum with one tooth; thorax long, cylindrical, impressions faint;
elytra coarsely punctured, sparsely clothed with short. hair; there is
much variation in the white markings, which are usually a discoidal
dot representing the tip of humeral lunule, a marginal line near the
middle and faint apical lunule; the variety eursitans Lec. has the elytra
less deeply punctured. Some specimens have only the apical lunule.
Occurs in Ills., Nebr., Kans., Dac. Length 7.5—8.5 mm.

Lec. Ann. Lye. 1848, IV, 183; pl. 14. f. 14. var. cursitans Lec. ‘Trans. Am.
Philos. Soe. 1856, XI, 60.

86 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOU. VOL. VI. —_ January 1884)

Obsoleta Say. Black, sericeous, black beneath; head glabrous, lab-
rum not advanced in middle, five-toothed, the outer teeth often in-
distinct; thorax trapezoidal, rather flat, almost margined; with a few
hairs at the sides, elytra indistinctly punctured except towards the base,
where the punctures are large and scattered. Markings a transverse
white abbreviated submarginal line near the middle and an obsolete
apical dusky dot: or black immaculate.

Var. vulturina Lec. Black above, green beneath; elytra with a humeral
dot, an obtusely angulated middle band and an apical lunule, more
or less obsolete; labrum three-toothed, sometimes five-toothed; Dr..
Horn mentions green specimens from Arizona.

Var. prasina. Olivaceous green above, metallic green beneath, elytra
immaculate, labrum three-toothed.

Leconte mentions a specimen of dark blue color, beneath blue, legs
blue, elytra with humeral, and posthumeral dot, middle band not
attaining the margin and an apical lunule, from Arizona, and I have
myself a specimen with coppery surface, beneath blue, and legs green,

from New Mexico. Occurs in Tex., Ark., New Mex., and Arizona.
Length 16—20 mm.
Say, Journ. Ac, Philad. 1823, III, 143; Lec. Ann. Lye IV, 178, pl. 13, f. 4.

vulturina Lee. Proc. Ac. Philad. V1, 439. prasina Lec. (obsoleta { var.) Lec.
Ann. Lye. IV, 178.

Unipunctata Fab. Brown, opaque, sericeous, beneath dark blue; head
granulate, bald; labrum three-toothed; thorax flat, granulate, trapezoidal,
as long as broad, scarcely hairy at the sides; elytra flattened, with dis-
persed green foveae and irregular green punctures, marginal triangular
white dot. Occurs in N. Y., Pa., Ga., Mo. Length 16—18 mm,

Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 225: Oliv. Ent. I, 33, p. 23. pl.4, f. 27. Say, Trans.
Am. Philos. Soc. I, new ser. t. 138, Say (Lec. Ed.) Il, 425 and 522.

Longilabris Say. Blackish or dark brown, beneath purple black or
dark green. Head bald in front broadly excavated. The labrum
white. nearly as long as broad, rounded in front and obsoletely three-
toothed and a little dilated at base; thorax trapezoidal, short almost
margined, rugose, deeply impressed; elytra densely punctured, near
the suture a row of faint large foveze; the markings are variable, usually
a humeral spot, another before the middle on the margin, a reclivate
nearly transverse band on the middle and a spot at the posterior curve
of the elytra, being the anterior part of the apical lunule; the termi-

[January 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC, VOL. VI. 87

nal part is always wanting. Occurs in Hud. Bay T., Can., Yukon,
Wisc., Nov. Sc., Col., Nebr., Newfoundland,

Say, Long’s 2d Exp. pp. 268—69. Lec. Ed. 1, 176. albilabris, Kirby Fn.
bor. Am. IV, 12, pl. 1.

Var. perviridis Schaupp Green opaque, beneath brilliant green, iden-

tical with /ongilabris except that the humeral lunule is entire and the

elytra are less deeply punctured and the fovez less distinct. Occurs
in Cal., Oregon, Utah and Newfdld.

Var. montana Lec. Black, more shining, elytra also less deeply punctur-
ed with only a transverse sinuate, obtusely reflexed white middle band,
often wanting; labrum of the Q black. Occurs in Utah. Nebr.
Montana,

Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1861, p. 338.

Var. Laurentii Schaupp. Dark brown, slightly bronzed, beneath blue- |
green; the humeral lunule entire, connected with the middle band by
a narrow submarginal white line, and the apical lunule entire and

dilated anteriorly into a large spot. Occurs in Col.
Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila., 1866, p. 362.

Scutellaris Say. Head and thorax green or blue, elytra reddish brassy,
in the middle of the base green. Head hairy, scarcely rugose, lab-
rum three-toothed; thorax convex, densely and finely rugose, hairy;
elytra obtusely punctured with obsolete foveee near the suture with
marginal dot and an apical lunule, often wanting; outer side of middle
tibize densely pubescent. Occurs in Kans., Ark., Col., Nebr. on sand-
hills in June. Length 12 mm,

Var. rugifrons Dej. Green. Elytra with posthumeral dot, triangular
dot at middle, and apical lunule, sometimes wanting. Occurs in
N. Y., Rhode Isl., Md. Length 11—12 mm,

Var. modesta Dej. Black with same markings, N.Y.. N. J., Penns.
Length 12 mm.

Var. Lecontef Dej. Brown; humeral lunule sometimes entire, sometimes
connected with the humeral and apical lunules. Ills. Ia. Length
12 mm.

Var. unicolor Dej. Green or blue without markings. Tex,, Ga., Fla.
12 mm. |

Var, nigrior Schaupp. Black without markings. Ga. Length 12 mm.

88 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. January 1884. ]

Say. Journ. Ac. Phila. 1823, ITI, 140; Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 176, pl. 13, f. 2;
rugifrons Dej. Spec. 1825, I, 51; denticulata Hentz, Trans. Am. Philos. Soe. II,
254; pl. 2, f-1; modesta Dej. Spec. I, 52; obscura Say, Trans. Am. Philos. Soe. I,

418; unicolor Dej. Spec.. 1, 52; V, 210, Chevr. Col. Mex. II. fasc. 8, nr..177.

Pulchra Say. Red cupreous, highly polished, with blue or green
margins, beneath blue; head hairy, labrum short, wide, slightly three—

toothed; thorax rugose; elytra polished, punctured only near base, with |
a transverse white abbreviated line on the middle and sometimes a

round humeral dot. Occurs in Col. and Kans. Length 19 mm.
Say, Journ. Ac. Phila. 1823, III, 142; Lec. Ed. II, 91; Dej. Spec. Il, 421;

Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 175.

Hornii Schaupp. Black shining glabrous above and beneath. Head
bald; labrum short with an acute tooth at middle; thorax slightly
wrinkled at the sides; elytra coarsely but not densely punctured near
the base, the punctures becoming rapidly finer towards the smooth tip,
no markings at all. Only one pair in Dr. Horn’s collection from New
Mexico. Length 14 mm.

Anthracina || Horn. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1880, VIII, 139,

Nigrocoerulea Lec. Dark blue, sericeous shining, head glabrous,
finely rugose; labrum three-toothed; thorax hardly rugose, hairy at
the sides; elytra obsoletely punctured, near the suture a row of foveze;
a faint apical lunule. Resembles pumctulaia, var, micans but is stouter.
Occurs: in Ariz., New Mex. and Col. Lenght 13.5—14 mm.

Lee. Ann. Lye. IV, 181, ‘pl. 14, f. 9.

Pimeriana Lec. Elytra blue, head and thorax green, beneath blue;
head hairy, finely and sparsely rugose; labrum obsoletely three-toothed;
thorax finely rugose; elytra with shallow punctures, which are nearly
obliterated near the tip, with a humeral dot and a short transverse
marginal line. (In the synoptic table, page 80, line 8, there is a

clerical error, read instead of—smooth towards base—smooth towards

the apex.) Occurs in Mex. and New Mexico. Length 12 mm.
Proc. Ac. Phila. 1866, p. 363, viatica Lec. Trans. Am. Philos. Soe. 1856,

vol. XI, 62.

Sexguttata Fab. Green above and beneath, head bald, rugose behind;
labrum strongly three—toothed; thorax slightly rugose; elytra strongly
punctured with a marginal, anteapical. apical and sometimes a discal
dot. Occurs'in New York, N>J.; Pa. Mid., Ga.; Jowa,” Vexa Dac:
Length tro-14 mm. It lives in shady roads or clear woods, hides
often under s.ones and lose bark. ?

[January 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. Vl. 89

Some. specimens have traces of very faint lines, between the marginal
and discal dots, nearly uniting them and thus forming a middle band.

Var. violacea Fab. Blue or green immaculate. Occurs in Kansas.

Var patrue/a Dej. Green, more opaque, beneath green shining; elytra
with a humeral, posthumeral, anteapical and apical dot and a middle
band, consisting of a large lateral triangular spot connected with a
small discoidal one, by a slightly oblique narrow line. Occurs in
Wisc., Pa., Md., in shady paths on hills. Length 13—14.5 mm.

Var. consentanea Dej. Black above and beneath with the same mark-
ings as in patruela.. Occurs in Pa., Nebr.

Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 226. Say, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc., new ser. 1818, I, 414,
pl. 13, f. 4. Dej. Spee. I, 53. Lee. Ann. Lye. IV, 176. violacea Fab. Syst. El.
I. 232. patruela Dej, Spec. I. 62. Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 178. consentanea, Dej.
Spec. I, 63.

Purpurea Oliv. Our most variable species in coloring and markings.
Reddish cupreous, margin green brilliant, beneath bluish green; head
hairy, rugose; thorax granulate, rugose, short; elytra moderately punct-
ured, punctures elevated, suture and exterior sub-margin green, the
markings consist of an oblique scarcely sinuate middle band, not ex-
tending to the margin and an apical dot. In pastures on grassy roads,
early in spring. Occursin N. Y., Nebr., Kans., Mont., and Wisc.
Length 14—16 mm.

Var. Audubon Lec. Black with dark blue margin, beneath dark blue;
elytra with the same markings as purpurea. Occurs in Kans. in spring
on the open clayey bottoms of ravines and hollows near the chalk
washes; not usually intermingled with the next variety (Williston
seiieAcady se Vi, 32.) Wenethina==1'5. mm.

Var. graminea Schaupp. Green with cupreous tinge on the thorax and
the margin of the elytra, and the same markings as the above. Occurs
Kans... Cail:

Var. eimarrona Lec. Black or green, opaque, beneath dark green shin-
ing; head rugose, hairy; labrum three-toothed; thorax densly rugose
at both sides, transverse impressions deep; elytra twice broader than
the thorax, granulate punctate, a submarginal stripe dilated behind
the humeri and before the apex, a middle band oblique sometimes
slightly curved or obtusely angulated. In some specimens the margi-
nal stripe is interrupted before and behind the middle band, some
specimens have also on the thorax a cupreous tinge. Occurs in Col.
and New Mex. Length 14—15 mm.

90 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL —_ January 1884.]

Var. decem-notata Say. Green above. tinged with cupreous, beneath
bluish-green; head rugose, hairy; labrum three-toothed; thorax rugose,
impressions deep; elytra dull green margined with bright green ‘or
blue, four white dots. humeral, posthumeral, anteapical and apical
and a suddenly bent middle band not dilated at tip. In some speci-
mens the apical and anteapical spot are connected by a slender white
line, so that the apical lunule is complete. In Leconte’s collection is
a specimen without the humeral and posthumeral dots, from Cal., and
another from Nebraska with the spots reduced in size and the middle
band represented only by its ou.er part which is perpendicular to the
side margin of the elytra. Occurs in Col., Cal., Nebr., and Mont.
Length 13—14 mm.

Var. limbalis Lec. Purple or cupreous, beneath blue; marginal spots
often wanting. Occurs in New York. Length 14 mm.

Var. /imbalis Klug. Cupreous, margins and beneath’ brilliantly green;
humeral lunule, middle band and apical lunule complete. Occurs in
New York, Ohio, Ky., Kans., Col. Length 13—14.5 mm.

Var. spreta Lec. Black with markings complete. Occurs in Maine.
Length 13 mm.

Var. ameena. Cupreous, margin and beneath green; the four mar—
ginal dots somewhat smaller, the middle band rises perpendicularly and
is less bent than in “méats. Occurs in Northern Missouri. Length
13—14 mm.

Var. splendida Hentz. Head and thorax green or blue, elytra cupreous
with a short middle band and an apical dot, beneath and margin
green. ‘There is also a great variation in the markings; some speci-
mens from Texas have no markings at all, some have only an apical
dot, some only a fine spot at the middle of the margin and some
have the four. marginal dots and the middle band. Occurs in N, Ve
Tex., Nebr., Kans. N.C. Length 14—15 mm.

Oliv. Ent. II, 33, p. 14, pl. 3, f. 34; Say, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. new series,
I, 419. Lec. Ann. Lye. IY, 176. marginalis Fab. Syst. El. I, 240. Herbst. Kaefer,
X. 175, pl. 171, f. 10. Dej. Spec. 1, 55; V, 210. Audubonii Lec. Bost. Journal,
V, 207, pl. 18, fig. 7. graminea Schaupp, see page 80; cimarrona Lec. Trans, Am.
Ent. Soe. II, 49. decem-notata Say, Journ. Ac. Phila. 1,19. Am. Ent. (Lec.
Ed ) I, 34, pl. 18, fig. 1; var. limbalis Lec. Ann. Lye., IV, 177. limbalis Klug,
Jahrb, 1. 29. spreta Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 177, pl. 13, f. 7. amena Lec. Ann. Lye.
IV, 177, pl. 13, f. 3. splendida Hentz, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc, III, 254, pl. 2,
f. 3. sexguttata var. Fab. Syst. El, I, 241. marginalis var. Dej. Spec, V, 210.

{January 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL. 91

Formosa Say. Red cupreous, shining margins, beneath metallic
blue; head granulate rugose, hairy; thorax broader than long, granu-
late; the humeral lunule, the middle fascia and the apical lunule broad,
connected at margin, the middle band is usually only obtusely bent,
not much deflexed, but it varies in shape. Occurs in Kans,, Tex.,
Col. Length 17—18 mm.

Var. generosa Dej. Brown neous opaque, beneath green. Resembles
in every respect formosa, but in this species the middle band is usually
rectangularly bent. In some specimens the tip of the humeral lunule
nearly reaches the angulation of the middle band. Occurs in N. Y.,
N.J., Penn., Mo., Ky., Col Length 16.5—18 mm

Var. venusta Lec. Cupreous opaque, beneath bluish-green shining.
Differs only by being more slender and convex. Occurs in New Mex.
Kans., Nebr., Dac. Length 13—15 mm.

say, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. 1818, I, 422. Am. Ent. I, 35, pl. 18, f. 2.

Dej. Spec. Il. 424. Lec. Ann. Lye. [V, 180. generosa Dej. Spec. V, 231. Gould
Bost. Journ. I, 42, pl. 3, f.2. venusta Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 179, pl. 13, f. 5.

Latesignata. Brownish black, beneath green, head granulate
rugose, hairy; labrum short, three-toothed; broader than long, scarcely
narrowed behind, little convex, sides hairy; elytra strongly punctured,
humeral lunule obliquely prolonged, middle band rectangularly bent,
expanded at margin, connected with humeral lunule, apical lunule
anteriorly inflected. Many specimens have the markings, very broad
confluent. Less convex and the elytra more strongly punctured than
generosa, Occurs in California (San Diego). Length 23 mm.

Leconte, Ann. Lyc. 1852, V, 172,

Willistoni Lec. Bronzed brown, beneath metallic green or blue: head
rugose, smooth; labrum with acute tooth at middle; thorax rugose,
hairy at the sides, scarcely narrowed behind, elytra strongly punctured
with a broad lobed white margin and refracted wide band, the descend-
ing portion of which is long and hooked very near to the terminal
lunule; humeral lunule not at all oblique, bead of side margin dark
metallic. Some specimens have bluish or green reflections in the im-
pressions of the thorax. It seems to bea variety of /wlezda but its
surface is less smooth and shining and it differs also by the pattern of
the markings, and is also somewhat broader and less convex. Occurs
in Wyoming on alkaline mud. JLength 10,5—1r4 mm.

Lee, Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geogr. Survey, 1879, V, 507,

92 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. January 1884)

Fulgida Say, Red cupreous, brilliant, highly polished, beneath hairy
green; head rugose hairy and green in front; labrum short three-
toothed; thorax rugose, impressed lines blue; elytra densly and strongly
punctured, a dilated, humeral lunule, a broad refracted middle band
and apical lunule. In some specimens the middle band of the elytra
is slightly dilated along the margin, but never united with humeral or
apical lunules. Form more slender than that of the preceeding ones.
Occurs in Kans., Nebr., Dak., and Cal., on the upper banks of rivers
at some distance from the water among the buffalo grass.

Say, Journ. Ac, Phil. 1823, IJ, 141, Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 179, pl. 18, f. 5. .

Senilis Horn. Black, opaque, beneath green; head hairy, granulate
rugose; labrum obsoletely three-toothed; thorax short, slightly narrowed
behind; elytra behind the humeri gradually broader, markings broad,
a humeral lunule obliquely prolongated, the middle band enters at a
right angle to the margin, and bends rectangularly, the longitudinal
portion being longer, apical lunule. Occurs in Cal, (San Diego)
Nev., Utah. Length 12 mm,

Horn. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1866. p. 395.

Hyperborea Lec. Dark cupreous, beneath green; head rugose, striate,
and scarcely hairy in front; labrum short, one-toothed; thorax sub—
quadrate, little convex, densely rugose, sides hairy; elytra behind the
base a little broader, granulate punctate, humeral lunule obliquely
prolongated, sometimes so as to touch the angle of the middle band:
behind the lunule is a white margin which extends to the tip, obtusely
dilated near the tip where it represents the apical lunule; the middle
band arises perpendicularly from the white margin, bends backwards
at an obtuse angle, runs obliquely nearly to the suture and ends op-
posite the dilatation of the white margin, the hind part of the band is
straight and gradually clavate, In some specimens the marginal line
is interrupted in front of the apical lunule, which thus becomes iso-
lated, ‘The markings of this species vary in their width, in Dr. Le-
conte’s cabinet two specimens have the humeral lunule and the middle
band so expanded as to become confluent and by these varieties it was
shown that Cz. imbata||Say was also but a variety of Ayperborea,
while it bears a quite different aspect compared with the typical
hyperborea. Occurs in Hudson Bay Territory and Oregon, Length
12 mm.

| January 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 93

Var. Iimbigera Gemm. & Harold Catalogus p. 20, “mbata||Say. Head
and thorax green with cupreous tinge; elytra white, suture, oblique
line and dot green, blue or cupreous, exterior and basal edge greenish
blue, beneath blue. Head hairy rugose; thorax hairy rugose, little
convex; elytra punctured, smoother than in Ayperborea with'a long
sutural triangular macula, a small dot before the middle, and an
oblique irregular line behind the middle, these markings are brilliantly
shining either green or blue or cupreous. ‘This insect was like the
Amblychila \ost for a number of years, till Mr. E. P. Austin recovered
it on sandy hills in Nebraska a few years ago Length 12 mm.

Gemminger & Harold in their Catalogus changed Say’s name limbata
into “mbigera, as there was described and published in the same year
(1823) another Cicindela “méata by Wiedem. Zool. Mag. II, Ij p. 64,
and it may be difficult to prove that Wiedemann’s description was first
published. Besides this Chaudoir gave Wiedemann’s species in 1852
the name ¢efraspilofa, so it was unnecessary to change in 1866 Say’s
name into 4méigera; if this view should be adopted, the present species
would of course stand Ambala Say, var. hyperborea Lec,

Lec. New Spec. 1863, I, 1. limbigera Gemm. & Har. Catal. p. 20. limbata l|
Say, Journ. Ac. Phila. 1823, ILI, 142,

Ancocisconensis Harris. Brown bronze, beneath green, head eranu-
late hairy; labrum long, three-toothed; thorax granulate, broad; elytra
punctured with a scarcely curved humeral lunule, a short middle
band obtusely bent, dilated at margin, apical lunule anteriorly inflect-
ted. ‘This species is very distinct from all other native species; the
peculiar markings resemble somewhat in form those of repanda.
Occurs in New York, Pa., Ills, N. H. Length 15 mm.

Harris, Family Visitor (Cleveland, Ohio,) 2. No. 39. Haldeman, Proc. Ac.
Phila., VI, 361.

Vulgaris Say. Brown bronze, opaque, beneath green, head granulate
rugose, hairy; labrum short, three-toothed; thorax granulate rugose,
short; elytra punctured, little granulated, humeral lunule oblique,
very much prolongated, middle band narrow, rectangularly bent but
little extended at the margin, apical lunule normal, some specimens
have a greenish tinge, Occurs in almost every part of the United States,
Ney eabs On, Can. May Kans ky. | Length!) 13——17 mm,

D4 BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VI. January 1884. |

Var. vibex Horn. Green shining, beneath bluish; head granulate rugose,
hairy; labrum three-toothed: thorax short, granulate rugose, elytra
punctured, granulate; humera] and apical lunules interrupted, the
middle band not reaching the margin. Occurs in Or., Wash. Terr.,
Cal. Length r2—13 mm.

Var. obliquata Kirby. Greenish, cupreous (or brown), beneath bluish
green; labrum three toothed: elytra witha large white humeral lunule,
extended at the lower end obliquly beyond the middle, middle band
bent downwards, recurved at the end, and connected by a marginal line
with the apical lunule, Kirby says in his description: Many taken in
the Expedition, and apparently abundant in N. America etc. Mr. A.
Murray from London sent to Dr. Leconte a drawing of which a wood-
cut was published in Proc. Ac. Phila. 1866, p. 362, of which we bring a
copy fig. 128. I have four specimens from Nebr. and Can. with much
heavier markings than wz/garis and in each the middle band is poste-
riorly prolongated at the margin, but none reaches the apical lunule.
Length 13 mm.

Say. ‘frans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1818, n.s. 1. 409, pl. 13, f. 1, Lec. Ann. Lye. IV,
179. obliquata, Dej. Spec. L, 72. tranquebarica Herbst. Col. X, 178, pl. 171, f. 12,
(wrong locality.) vibew, Horn. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1866. p. 395, obliquata, || Kirby.
Faun. Bor. Am. IV, 10.

Repanda Dej. Brown bronze with green hue, beneath green; head
granulate, hairy; labrum short, one-toothed; thorax nearly square,
granulate; elytra punctured, granulate, humerailunule C shaped, mid-
dle band rectangularly bent, connected with a marginal line nearly but
never entirely reaching the lunules, apical lunule inflected anteriorly.
Occurs on roads, fields etc. in New York, Can., Pa., N, J., Mo., Ga.,
Md., D.C., Or, Ky. Length 12——13 mm.

Var. oregona Lec. Brown bronze or dull olive green, beneath bluish;
head and thorax as in repanda; elytra especially of © broader,
lunules broad, interrupted, middle band not dilated at margin, bent at
a right angle and then curved towards the suture, terminating in a
round dot; the white dots are always large and conspicuous. Occurs
in Cal., Or., Wash. Terr. Length 11—14 mm.

Var. guttifera Lec. Brown bronze, beneath green bronze, with the
pleurae cupreous, or the head and thorax green, elytra blue with the
same markings, as oregona, a little broader, the middle band is not at

(January 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V1. 9d

all dilated on the margin and the spots into which the lunules are di—
vided are completely isolated. Occurs in New Mex. and Arizona.
Length 12—13.5 mm.

Var, duodecim-guttata Dej. Black, brown or bluish, beneath green or
blue with cupr-ous pleurae; head aud thorax as in the above species;
labrum one toothed; elytra granulate and punctured; humeral, post-
humeral, anteapical and apical dots, all small, middle band thin not
reaching the terminal (discal) dot. Varies considerably not only in
the color as stated above, but also in the spots which are sometimes
scarcely visible and nearly obsolete; the markings of the middle band
are often small and imperfect, the sculpture also varies as in the black
specimens, the punctures vanish and the elytra seem only sparsely gra-
nulate. Occurs on paths through marshes near ponds and rivers in
New ork, weaker sup;, Eludson Bayi len., | Can., Col; Utah, Call
Length 12.6—15 mm,

De}. Spee. I, 74; baltimorensis, Lec. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. XI, 25; hirticol-
lis Say. Journ. Ac. Phila. I, 20, Gould Boston Journal I, 49. oregona Lec. Trans.
Am. Philos Soc. XI, 41. proteus Kirby. Fauna. Bor. Am. IV. 9.. guttifera Lec.
Trans, Am. Philos. Soc. XI, 42. duodecimquttata Dej. Spec. I, 73.

Pusilla Say. Brack Spaque, beneath dark biue or greenish: tibiz pale
at base, in some specimens the trochanters are also testaceous, head
granulate, labrum three-toothed; thorax at disc smooth, rough at the
margin; elytra sparsely and finely punctured. with a basal and apical
faint lunule and a middle band extended at the margin, recurved at
the middle of the elytron and terminating near the suture behind, the
band is often obsolete, or only detached portions of it are visible,
the enlarged marginal part is permanent. Occurs on moist mud in
Kans., Nebr, Dac., Hudson Bay Terr., Cal. Length 12 mm.

Var. ferricola Say. Black above and beneath, tibiae dull testaceous.
Head and thorax as in fpusz//a; labrum broad, three-toothed; elytra
with scattered very minute punctures, which are oblique as if formed
by a pointed instrument directed towards the anterior part of the in-
sect, so that the surface before each puncture is a little elevated. Oc-
curs in Nebr., Hudson Bay Verr. Length 11 mm.

Var. eyanella Lec. Wark blue, sericeous, beneath blue; head striate
both sides, labrum short, faintly three-toothed, thorax nearly longer
than broad, hairy; elytra strongly punctured, with a humeral and an

96 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. January 1884]

apical lunule and a small submarginal dot at the middle. Has the
same markings as pusz/a, but differs by having the elytra with deeper
and larger punctures. In the description of the species Leconte states
that the elytra are fuscous and the anus and trochanters are testaceous,
but in my specimens determined by Leconte as cyanedla the elytra and
anus are dark blue, and the trochanters purple. Occurs in Kans , Dac.
Nev., Nebr. Length 9—10 mm,

Say. Journ. Ac. Phila. 1817, I, 21; Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. new ser. I, 424.
pl. 13, f. 12. Dej. Spec. Il, 482, Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 183. terricola Say, Long’s
Exped. II, 268. cyanella Lec. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. XI, 46.

Hirticollis Say. Dull brownish cupreous, sometimes with green tinge,
beneath green, very hairy, Head finely rugose and granulate, hairy, ~
labrum short one-toothed; thorax finely rugose and granulate, very
hairy: elytra strongly punctured with intermixed granules, the posterior
part of the humeral lunule is perpendicularly inflexed and bent up—
wards, the middle band is as in repanda, connected by the marginal
white line, with the humeral lunule and very often with the apical too,
but there is usually a very small interstice between the marginal line
and the apical lunule. Occurs on the shores of the Atlantic and Paci-
fic Ocean, and the Gulf of Mexico; on Lake Ontario, Erie and Supe-
rior, and also on the rivers of the Central and Western States. Length
14—15.5 mm.

Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. new ser. 1818, I, 411. pl. 13, f.2. albohirta Dej.
Spec. II, 425. Spec. V. 215. gravida Lee. Ann. Lyc. V, 170, Chaud. Bull. Mose.
1854, I, 113. wnita Kollar, Ann. Wien. Mus. I, 330, ponderosa Thoms. Are. nat.
1859, p. 89.

Cinctipennis Lec. Brown, green or black, beneath black or green;
head glabrous; labrum short with one prominent and two obsolete
teeth; thorax finely granulate, hairy; elytra subparallel, strongly punct-
tured, with white line on the submargin, separated from the margin
by a narrow black stripe, dilated towards the apex, with narrow numeral
and middle branch both descending obliquely, the latter sinuate. It
varies by having the markings more or less slender. The trochanters
are sometimes testaceous. Occurs on muddy plains near rivers in
Nebr., Kans., Mont., Col., Cal., Wash. Terr. Length 11—12.mm.

[February 1854. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 97

Var. imperfecta Lec. Brown, beneath dark blue; elytra with a humer-

al lunule descending obliquely, an oblique, subsinuate stripe at
the middle, distant from the margin, and nearly descending to the a-
pex, and an apical lunule. In some specimens the posterior portion
of the humeral lunule is connected with the antelior portion of the
middle stripe. Occurs in Cal. Or. Nev, Length 11-12.5 mm.

Lee. Ann. Lyc. 1848, IV, 182, pl. 14, f. 12, imperfecta, Lec. Ann. Lye. V, 171.

Rectilatera Chaud. Dark brown, beneath blue; head glabrous, fine-

ly granulate; labrum one toothed; thorax quadrate alutaceous, obso-
letely transversely rugose; elytra not deeply punctured, very indistinct
subsutural foveze: with 5 round white dots, one humeral, three sub-mar-
ginal and 1 discal: the species is quite constant in its markings, and re-
markable for having the apical lunule of the elytra represented only by
a large submarginal dot, while the terminal part, or lunule proper, is
entirely wanting. Occurs in Texas and Mexico. Length 13-13.5 m.

Bull. Mose. 1843, IV, 693. tewana, Lec. List of Coleoptera.

Tenuisignata Lec. Brown bronze, beneath metallic green; head

glabrous, finely granulate, labrum one-toothed; thorax short, sub-
cylindric, finely granulate, hairy; elytra punctate, sparsely granulate
near base; with long slender markings, humeral lunule curved, mid-
dle band slightly bent, oblique, connected with a white marginal line,
which is longer posteriorly but reaching neither lunule, apical lunule
normal. Occurs in New Mex., Tex, Mex. Length 11.5 mm.

Lee. Ann. Lye. 1852, V, 171.

Punctulata Oliv. Dark brown or black, beneath blue; head and thorax

somewhat bronzed, finely granulate-rugose: labrum one-toothed; ely-
tra oblong, strongly and densely punctured with a row of large bluish
foveze near the suture with several small white dots, four marginal and
two discoidal, and a complete apical lunule, inflected anteriorly, form-
ing there a sharp right angle. Legs long and slender. There are
some variations in the southern States which have dots nearly connect-
ed by faint hair-lines and thus show the shape of the humeral lunule
and middie fascia. Occurs from Maine to Texas, and New
Mexico. Length 12.5-15 mm., on dry roads or sandy spots, fre-
quently seen in the streets of cities.

98

BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. February 1884]

Var. micans Fab. Green or blue, head and thorax sometimes dark bronze,

with the same markings as punctulata,

Oliv. Ent. II, 33. p. 27, pl. 3, f. 37, a. b.; Fab. Syst. El. I, 241; Dej. Spec. I,

101; Say. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. new ser. I, 420, pl. 13, f. 11; Herbst, X.
180. pl. 172, f. 2. .micans, Fab. Syst. El. I, 238, Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 61.

Tortuosa Dej. Brown or slightly greenish bronze, beneata green or

blue. Head and thorax finely granulate, thorax sub-cylindrical; lab-
rum one-toothed; eyes large prominent; elytra dispersedly, deeply
punctured with a subsutural row of punctures, the markings are all
very slender, the humeral lunule is terminating in a small line, form-
ing a double hook (or often only thickened at the end), the middle
band is very tortuose, very narrow and long, forming a kind of S, the
apical lunule is also very narrow, and recurved anteriorly towards the
suture. Legs moderately long and slender. This species has a very
great range and varies in having the elytra more or less densely or
deeply punctured, the thorax a little more or less distinctly finely gran-
ulate and the white markings more or less slender and broken.

This species was by some Entomologists considered as the
C. frifasciafa Fab., but the description does not fit the species and
figures of it given by Olivier and Herbst do not all resemble it; be-
sides Fabricius writes Ent. Syst. I, 177, ‘‘Habitat Italia paullo minor”
and there is certain no variety ‘‘a little smaller’ found in Italy. C. J.
Schénherr Syn. Ins. 1805 p. 245, says ‘‘according to Illiger the small-
er variety from Italy is without any doubt C. smwafa, Fab. Syst. El. I,
234.—Dejean Spec. I, 85, says under C. ¢rifasciata Fab.” it is possible

- that this species 1s not the same described by the author. As Dejean’

ascertained some of Fabricius’ typical species, it seems that /v/usctata
was already lost at his time and the name should be dropped. Oc-
curs on the seashore of La., Fla., Cal., Tex., also on the mud of rice-
fields in Ga., La. Length 11.5—13 mm.

Dej. Spee. I, 87. serpens Lec. Ann. Lyc.V, 173, trifasciata Klug Jahrb, I, 21.

Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 181. pl. 14, f. 10. ascendens Lec. Ann. Lye. V, 172; sigmoidea
Lee. Ann. Lye. V, 172.--Chaud. Bull. Mose. 1854. I, 113.

Dorsalis Say. Head and thorax bronze somewhat greenish, finely ru-

gose, front bald, scutel green; elytra white, irregularly punctured, su-
ture green, markings also green or bronze consisting of a lunulated
branch on each elytron, terminating at the middle of the base, disc
with two abbreviated line of which the anterior is curved outwards and

[February 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 99

the posterior inwards, respectively terminating at one of the ends oppo-
site the centre of the other, Beneath bronze, densely clothed with
white hair. The 9 has the thorax dilated posteriorly, and the elytra
behind the humeri distinctly angulated. Legs very long. In some
specimens the markings are less perfect or even wanting, then only

the suture, head and thorax are green or bronze. Occurs on the open
sandy seashore of Rockaway, Coney Island and Jersey.
Length 14.5-15 mm.

Say. Journ. Ac. Phil. 1817, I, 20; Trans. Am. Philos. Soe, I, 415, pl. 13, f. 5,
signata De}. Spec. I, 24.

Var. media Lec. Resembles dorsalis in every respect except in size, it is
shorter and narrower, has the same markings and there are also varia-
tions with immaculate white elytra. Occurs on the seashore of Ga.,
me. NaC), Flas iength 13-14 mum:

Leconte ‘l'rans. Am. Philos. Soe. 1856, XI, 47.

Var. Sau/eyi Guerin. Also of but smaller size, with the markings heav-
ier. Also white variations found with only the suture of the elytra
bronzed. Found on the seashore of the Gulf of Mexico, (Tex. La.
Fla.) Length 9.4-11 mm.

Guerin Rey. Zool. 1840, p. 37, venusta Laf. Rey. Zool. 1841, p. 37 and 96.

Hamata Brulle. Brown or dark green bronze, beneath green bronze,
very hairy at the sides. Head and thorax hairy, mentum one-toothed;
tight mandible of male with a feeble tooth beneath, elytra broad, den-
sely punctured, the markings are a basal dot oblique, bumeral lunule,
middle band refracted with descending part confused, the apical lunule
is lost in the white margin which connects the middle band with both
lunules, but is slightly dilated at the suture and at the anterior ex-
tremity; eyes large prominent, legs very long and slender; hind tro-
chanters red, as in all the species of this group. The sexual difference
consist beside in the mandibular tooth of the male, in the shape of the
elytral apex, as stated in the synoptic table (see pl. IV, f- a.) Occurs
on the seacoast of La. Fla. Miss, Tex. Length 11-12 mm.

Brulle, Arch Mus. I, 132. pl. 8. f. 9. lacerata Chaud. Bull. Mose. 1854. 1, 115.
Marginata Fab. Olivaceous or brownish bronze, beneath green

bronze, very hairy at the sides. Head and thorax hairy, labrum one-
toothed; right mandible of ¢‘ with a moderated tooth beneath; elytra

100 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. February 1884. |

densely punctured, with basal dot, an oblique humeral lunule hooked
at tip, a slender long tortuose refracted confused middle band; apical
lunule inflected on both ends, all the markings are connected by the
white margin. Eyes and legs as in marginata, from which it only dif
fers by the stronger mandibular tooth, and differently shaped elytral a-
pex, as stated in the synopsis and on plate IV, b, Occurs on the salt-
marshes in New York, Mass. and on the ocean-beach of S.C., N.C, ©
Ga., Fla. Length 13.5-14.8 mm.

Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 226, Say Trans. Am. Philos Soc. new ser. I, p. 417, pl. 13.
f. 6. variegata Dej. Spec. I, 84.

Cuprascens Lec. Coppery or greenish bronze, shining, beneath green
bronze, very hairy at the sides. Head and thorax hairy, labrum short
one-toothed. Elytra more coarsely and densely punctured, with basal
dot, white lobed margin, a humeral lunule suboblique hooked at tip,
a middle band somewhat tortuous and little confused before tip, which
is dilated, and an apical Junule inflected at both ends. It differs from
the two following species by the characters given in the synoptic table
page 83, viz. punctuation of the elytra, and the shape of the apex
pl. IV, f. c. Occurs in Mo., Kans., Nebr., Dac. Length 13-14 mm.

Lee. broe. Ac. Phila. 1852, p. 65. blanda var. Lec. Ann. Lyc. IV, 180.—
Chaud. Bull. Mose. 1854, p. 172.

Puritana Horn, Brown bronze, beneath metallic blue, smooth shining,
scarcely pilose. Head and thorax sparsely pilose; labrum one-toothed;

_ elytra parallel, moderately densely punctured, a median basal white
dot, lateral margin narrowly bordered with white, with oblique sub-
humeral branch suddenly hooked at tip, at middle a slightly sigmoid
band. somewhat confused at middle. and scarcely dilated at tip, and
an oblique short subapical lunule. It differs from the preceeding and
following species as stated in the synoptic table, having the color and
sculpture of #acra and the sexual characters very nearly of cuprascens.
Occurs in New York, New Hampshire and Mass. Length 11.5 mm.

Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1871, III, 325.

Macra Lec. Brown bronze with faint greenish tint, beneath bronze or
- greenish bronze, densely pubescent at the sides. Head and thorax
pubescent; labrum one-toothed; elytra finely and more sparsely punct-
ured: the markings are about the same as in cuprascvens, the tip of the
middle fascia being also dilated into a broad triangular spot. It differs

[February 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 101

by the characters given in the synoptic table p. 83 and pl. IV, f. d. It
is also usually more slender, less shining and has the markings of the
elytra narrower than cuprascens, Occurs in Ills., Kans. Wisc., Minn.
Length 13—14.2 mm,

Lee. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. 1856, XI, 50; blanda ¢ Lec. Ann, Lye. IV, 180.

Wapleri Lec. Elongate, slender, allied to cuprascens, with the elytra
equally coppery and deeply punctured; side margin broadly white;
basal spot small, humeral lunule curved, not hooked behind; median
band suddenly refracted and hooked, not extending for backwards,
and not curved in a sigmoid manner as in cuprascens, white lobe re-
presenting apical lunule very broad, obtuse. Thorax cylindrical, rather
less rounded at the sides than in cuprascens; elytra obliquely broadly
subsinuate near the tip. Q not seen. Occurs in Miss. Length 1omm.

Lee. Trans. Am. Ent. Soe. 1875. V. 158.

Blanda Dej. Above green, beneath brilliant bronze green; Dejean
compares it with vartegata (marginata) and says: It is smaller, lighter
green, elytra narrower and more parallel, especially in the Q, less
deeply punctured, the lateral margin is broader especially near the
apex, the humeral lunule is larger, not sinuate, united with the basal
dot; the middle band is nearly as in /orfwosa, but broader and a little
toothed at the sides, the apical lunule is entirely consumed by the
broad white margin. Labrum short, one toothed; hind trochanters
rufous. The elytra appear white, only a dark narrow sutural stripe
with four branches being left. The female has no tooth near the tip
of the elytra and the sinuation is very feeble. pl. IV, fig. f It is very
rare. Locality reported Georgia & North Carolina. Length 11-12 mm.

Dej. Spec. V, 238; tarsalis Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. VI, 66.

Nevadica Lec. Coppery bronze, beneath green. Head large, eyes
less prominent, front sparsely hairy, labrum not distinctly toothed;
thorax nearly cylindrical, finely rugose, sides hairy. Elycra deeply but
not coarsely punctured, markings not connected at the margin, hume-
ral lunule slightly oblique not hooked at tip, middle band with short,
feebly sinuous longitudinal portion, apical lunule broad, not prolong-
ed in front, Elytra of Qf broadly subsinuate near the tip, of Q strongly
sinuous, the anterior angle of the sinuation rounded. Occurs in
Nevada. Length 11 mm.

Lee. Trans. Am. Ent. Soe. 1875, V, 159.

102 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. February 1884]

Sperata Lec. Brown cupreous, beneath green. Head and thorax
pubescent; labrum one toothed: elytra densely punctured, white margin,
humeral lunule oblique, hooked at tip, middle band with long, moder-
ately sinuous longitudinal portion, apical lunule inflected on both
ends. anterior end moderately prolonged. Elytra of slightly sinuous
near tip, the latter acute with sutural spine, of Q rather strongly sinu-
ous and with a distinct angulation, tip less prolonged but also with
sutural spine. Occurs in New Mexico. Length 12—13.5 mm.

Lec. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc, 1856. XI, 50.

Gabbii Horn. Olivaceous bronze, beneath green bronze, very hairy.
This species is very singular and at once known by its peculiar mark-
ings; the humeral lunule is obtusely bent and hooked at tip, the middle
band curves towards the base and is suddenly bent at an obtuse angle
and obliquely prolonged towards the suture and to nearly the apical
lunule, connected at the margin with the apical and humeral lunules;
the apical lunule is anteriorly very much prolonged. The labrum is
one-toothed, the elytra strongly punctured, those of tae Q are broader
than those of the 9/, with the tips narrowing obliquely. Occurs
in California on salt marshes near Wilmington (San Petro) Cal. Length
II—i2 mm,

Horn, Proc. Ac. Phila. 1866, p. 395.

Hirtilabris Lec. Bronzed-brown, body beneath, prothorax and head
clothed with prostrate white hair, labrum clothed with similar white
hair with a small indistinct tooth at the middle. Elytra with a broad
white border, feebly dilated in the region of the humeral lunule, middle
band broad, marked with numerous dark points and lines, immediately
behind it is a dilation representing the apical lunule, there is also a
small basal spot. The dark spaces are strongly punctured. Legs very
long and slender, hind trochanters red. It is remarkably distinct from
all the other species by the labrum, being clothed with fine prostrate
white hair. Elytra of J! feebly sinuate, tip obtuse, of Q deeper sinuate,
limited in front by a distinct angulation, tip obliquely truncate, pl. IV,
fig. g, Closely resembles grafosa, but it is sufficiently distinct by the
hairy labrum, the dark space of the elytra broader, with the two branch-
es more confused. Occurs in Florida, on sandy roads through
meadows. July to Sept. Length 97—9.5 mm.

Lec. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1875. V, 161.

[February 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL. 103

Gratiosa Guerin. Head and thorax brown bronze, densely pubescent,
Elytra white, the suture bronze brown, dilated at base with two sharply
defined branches on each side. Very close to the preceding, but
it has the labrum glabrous, and the sutural dark space and branches
narrower and better defined. Occurs in Fla., Ga. and S. C, Length
10.5—IT mm.

Guerin. Rev. Zool. 1840, p. 37.

Lepida Dej. Head and thorax green bronze, hairy; elytra white,
glabrous, dispersedly punctured, with a few green or brown bronzed
dark lines as given in fig. 90; suture pale; beneath green bronze,
densely clothed with white hair; anus testaceous; legs antennze and
palpi pale, the latter brown at tip; labrum one-toothed. Elytra of
3 scarcely sinuate and obliquely narrower at apex, of Q sinuate, ex-
terior angle obtuse not rounded apex nearly truncate. Occurs on
Coney Island near New York, at Trenton, N. J., and Ills., Tex. Col.,
Iowa, Kans. and Mo. Length 11—12.5 mm.

Dej. spec, V, 255. Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 181, pl. 13, f. 8.

Viridisticta Bates. Subcylindric, opaque, brown cupreous with green
or shining cupreous with impressions, beneath polished blue, glab-
rous; head narrow, base broad finely strigose and vermiculate-rugose,
labrum three-toothed; thorax cylindric, little narrower at base, finely
strigose; elvtra oblong with shallow punctures and fovee, lateral
margin broadly polished; a white triangular spot near middle of

margin and a narrow complete apical lunule. Occurs in Ari-
zona and Mexico. Collected last year by Mr. Morrison. Length
6.5 mm.

Bates, Biologia Centrali Americana 1881, I, part1, page 14, pl. 1, fig. 20.
Chaud. Cat. Coll. Cic. 1865, No. 29, page 23 (only mentioned but not des—
cribed therefore the species must be cited viridisticta Bates.)

Lemniscata Lec. Shining cupreous, beneath bluish-green. Head
glabrous, eyes large prominent; labrum obsoletely three-toothed;
thorax cylindrical, granulate, rugose, slightly hairy at the sides: elytra
strongly punctured, coppery shining, with a white vitta far removed
from the margin and slightly lobed internally, extending from the
base to the tip where it bends around to the suture. Legs red. Occurs
in New Mex., Ariz Length 7,5—8 mm.

Lee, Ann. Lyc. V, 173.

104 BULLETIN BROUKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. February 1884.]

Circumpicta Laf Green or bluish or dark brown, beneath dark green
bronze, densely pubescent at the sides. Head scarcely rugose; granu-
late, glabrous; labrum three-toothed; thorax very shining, convex, much
rounded at the sides, little ruagose nearly smooth; elytra nearly parallel
in both sexes, strongly punctured, especially near base, with a broad
white margin, more or less lobed internally to indicate the posterior
portion of the humeral and the anterior portion of the apical lunule
and the middle fascia. Eyes very large and prominent, tarsi of ¢j' very
slightly dilated; anus dark piceous or testaceous. Two specimens in
my collection determined by Dr. Leconte as praetextata Lec. do not
differ from the dark brown variation of cercumpicta Laf., except that the
oblique middle band is more prolonged, but I have specimens of
circumpicta which are brilliantly green above with the same middle
bands. CC. californica Menetries, differs only by having the lateral
margin of the elytra interrupted before the apical lunule. Occurs in
Tex., New Mex., Ariz. Length 14—14.5 mm.

Laferte, Rev. et Mag. Zool, 1841, p.39 and ‘193. Johnsoni Fitch, New
York Agr. Soc. 1856, p. 487. :

Togata Laf.. Brown cupreous with slight green tinge, beneath green,
densely pubescent at the sides. Head red cupreous, pilose; labrum
one-toothed; thorax subquadrate, deeply impressed, little hairy; elytra
flat, ovate in Q, nearly parallel in the §', distinctly punctured, near
the suture a row of cupreous punctures, white margin, three lobed,
very broad, so as to leave, only a dorsal (sutural) broad gieenish cup-
reous space; the apex of ({' isconjointly, of the Q separately rounded.
Eyes very large and prominent, anus testaceous. Occurs in Nebr. and
Texas. Length 10—12.5 mm.

Laf. Rey. et Mag. Zool. 1841, p. 40-

Pamphila Lec. Of nearly the same form as /oga/a. but shorter,
stouter, flatter, Color above olivaceous opaque, beneath brilliant
green. Head green shining, bald, deeply and broadly striate at the
sides, rugose at middle, labrum white, one-toothed; thorax granulate,
rugose, hairy, convex, sides rounded, feebly constricted behind, hind
angles rectangular, prominent; elytra with very broad white margin,
humeral lunule but little protruding, middle band long, oblique,
nearly reaching the suture, hooked at tip, the anterior portion of the
apical lunule deeply cutting into the dark sutural space, which is

A ee

[February 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL. 105

coppery at middle and strongly punctured, while the white markings
are nearly smooth. Along the green lateral margin of the elytra are a
few green punctures. Eyes very large and prominent, legs very long
and slender, anus and hind trochanters testaceous. Elytra scarcely
serrate at tip, which is slightly prolonged and has a sutural spine in
the ({' and is equally rounded in the Q. Occurs in Tex. and La.
(Miesche). Length 1o.5—tr mm.

Lec. Proc. Ac. Phila. 1873, p. 321 (Short notice.) Chaud. Cat. Coll. Cie.
1865, p. 28, No. 130 (only the name).

Severa Laf. Dark green or black, beneath green, sparsely hairy at
the sides. . Head glabrous, nearly polished, deeply striate at the sides;
labrum short, broad, acutely three-toothed; thorax scarcely rugose al-
most polished, impressions not deep; elytra near base strongly, toward
apex more obsoletely punctured, with a deep longitudinal impression
behind the humeri and a row of more or less distinct foveze near the
suture; the markings consist of a white sub-marginal dot and a com-
plete apical lunule; in some specimens there is an additional sub-—
marginal white dot, representing the terminal part of the humeral
lunule. Eyes large, legs shorter, stout, anus dark or testaceous,
elytra of Q somewhat flatter. Occurs in La., Tex., New Mex. Length
12-5—16 mm.

Laf. Rev. Zool. 1841, p. 41.

Striga Lec. In shape, color, and markings closely resembling severa, it
differs by the deeper punctures of the elytra by the form of the labrum,
which is without a tooth in the ¢', and only one-toothed in the 9;
the head not concave between the eyes. Although inclined to consider
this species only a variety of the preceding, I can not say anything
positively, as I could only examine two specimens superficially. Found
in the twilight or night near camp-fires in Fla, (Lake Harvey) by
Mess. Hubbard & Schwarz. Length 13.5—to 16.5 mm.

Lec. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1875, V. p. 161.

- Haemorrhagica Lec. Greenish black, beneath, head thorax dark
green, abdomen rufous, scarcely hairy at the sides. Head finely granul-
ate, glabrous; labrum one-toothed; thorax finely granulate, little hairy
at the sides. Elytra not deeply punctured with a humeral white spot,
a posthumeral near the margin, the middle band obliquely bent before
the middle of the elytra, a marginal dot at the middle between the

106 BULLETIN: BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. February 1884]

middle band and the usually complete apical lunule, the anterior port-
tion of the latter connected with a discoidal dot. Eyes moderate, legs”
stout, shorter, This species is easily distinguished from the other
species with red abdomen by the shape of the middle band which
descends less obliquely and has the terminal dot heavier.

Var, pacifica Schaupp. In size, shape and sculpture exactly agreeing
with haemorrhagica, it differs only by the color of the elytra which are
olivaceous, opaque greenish or bluish, head, thorax, margin, suture and
apex of the elytra more shining, no markings at all. It occurs inter-
mingled with the type equally numerous on the ocean shore in San
Diego, Cal. while haemorrhagica is also found in Utah and Nev.
Length 13—15 mm.

Lee. Ann. Lye. V, 171.

Rufiventris Dej. Dark brown, head and thorax slightly bronzed above,
and bluish green beneath, abdomen rufous. Head slightly granulate,
glabrous; labrum one-toothed; thorax finely granulate; elytra finely
punctured, with five small white dots, a humeral, a marginal behind the
middle and two discoidal ones and an apical lunule, all more or less dis-
tinct. It differs from the following species by the dots of the elytra being
very small and sometimes more or less wanting, the middle band is
represented by two dots, the outer one being remote from the margin
and not larger than the inner one. Eyes moderate, legs slender.
Occurs in D. C., Va, W. Va., Ky., Md., Ala. Length 11.5—12 mm.

Var. cumatilis Lec, Differs from rujfiventris by the bluish green surface,
and has the same small more or less deficient markings, Occurs in
Texas. Same size as the type.

Var. 16 punctata Klug. Of the same color as rujiventris, differs from it
by having an additional white dot representing the posterior portion
of the humeral lunule, and the apical lunule broken at middle, so that
each elytron has eight dots; which are heavier than in rufventras.
Occurs in New Mex. and Mex. Length 12 mm.

Dej. Spec. 1825, I, 102.—cumatilis Lec. Ann. Lye. 1852, V, 173.-—Quexiana
Chevr. Rev. Zool. 1853, p. 419.--sedecimpunctata Klug. Jahrb. 1834. p. 32.

Hentzii Dej. Dark, nearly black, beneath bluish green In form and
sculpture precisely similar to rujiveniris and so closely connected that
it might properly be considered a race of this species; it differs by the

[February 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 107

darker color, the two dots of the humeral lunule being connected at
the margin, the middle band reaching the margin and dilated into a

_ short line, which extends forwards, the marginal dot behind the middle
band is sometimes connected also with this line; finally, the under sur-
face is blue and:green without any admixture of copper.’ Occurs in
Mass. Length 11.5—13 mm.

Dej. Spec. V, 428 (Heutzii) Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 182.—haemorrhoidalis ||
Hentz. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. new ser. III, 254, pl. 2, fig. 2; Gould, Bost.
Journ. I, 52, pl. 3. fig. 5. Ls

Marginipennis Dej. Olivaceous or brown, beneath green, abdomen
rufous. Head granulate, glabrous; labrum short, almost truncate,
one-toothed; thorax cylindrical, finely granulate and _ rugose;
elytra punctured with a white submarginal band reaching from
the humerus to the apex, and lobed internally, slightly indicating
tne tip of humeral lunule and moderately the middle band and anterior
portion of the apical lunule. Eyes moderate, legs stout, rather short.
Found only on the shores of the Susquehanna, below the bridge at
Harrisburg Pa., and of the Delaware, near Callicoon, N. Y., at the
latter locality I took them in numbers. Length 11—14 mm.

Dej. Spec. V, 260, Laf. Rev. Zool. 1841, p. 193, Lec. Ann. Lye. IV, 182,
pl. 14, fig. 11.

Schauppii Horm. Head and thorax dark bronze; elytra velvety black,
beneath metallic blue, sides of metasternum brilliantly cupreous, entire
abdomen red. Head granulate, glabrous; labrum truncate at middle
without a tooth; thorax slightly narrowed behind, sparsely hairy,
slightly granulate. Elytra with velvety surface, smaller puncture. ‘ob-
solete, a row of larger greenish punctures near the suture and other
near the humerus, margin narrowly white, slightly dilated at the hum-
erus and again behind it; median band reduced to a straight oblique
line, apical lunule slightly prolonged in front. Eyes moderate and
prominent, legs moderate. The elytra at tip are conjointly rounded,
the suture slightly spinous. The species resembles in its markings
circumpicta var. praetextaia, but differs from it in size and the entirely
red abdomen, also in the entire absence of any labrum tooth. Occurs
in Texas, the first specimens were collected by my friend Mr. Emil
Schorbach near Corsicana, Eastern Texas. Length 10.5 mm,

Horn. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1876, V, 240.

108 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. February 1884. ]

Abdominalis Fab. Shining black, beneath blue nearly glabrous, ab-
domen red. Head glabrous, scarcely striolate at the sides, labrum
large, white, rounded in front, scarcely toothed; thorax subcylindric,
nearly smooth; elytra convex, obsoletely punctured with a row of bluish
shallow foveze, the markings are a very narrow apical lunule and a sub- ©
marginal white dot near the middle and a discoidal one behind the
middle, the dots are more or less distinct, sometimes even wanting. |
Legs long. Eyes large and prominent. Occurs in N. J., N. C., Ga.,
Ala., Fla. in pine forests. Length g—11 mm.

Var. scabrosa Schaupp. Differs from abdominals only by the very
strong and deep punctures and fovez of the elytra, so that the surface is
quite variolous. Occurs with the type in Fla. Length 10.5 mm.

Fab. Syst. I. 237.—Herbst, Kaefer, X, 202.—Dej. Spec. I, 140.—Lec. Ann.
Lye. IV, 183, pl. 14, fig. 13.

Politula Lec. Black somewhat shining, slightly tinged with blue and
bronze on head and thorax, beneath and legs blue, abdomen ferrugin-
ous. Head smooth; labrum white, irregularly rounded in front, tooth
obsolete; thorax finely rugose, not longer than wide, sides broadly
rounded. Elytra convex, oblong, finely an densely punctured, tips
rounded, obsoletely serrate, sutural spine very small, apical lunule re—
presented by a short white line, It is of the size and general form of
punctulata, but quite different by its characters. Occurs in Texas,
Length 12 mm.

Lec. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1875, Vi, 159:

Sommeri Mann. Dark cupreous, beneath cupreous or purple with
the two last‘abdominal segments rufous; densely hairy at the sides.
Head depressed between the eyes, finely coriaceous; labrum brown, ob-
soletely toothed; thorax quadrate flat, truncate at base, sides paral-
lel, very subtle coriaceous; elytra dilated at the middle; the markings are
broad, fulvous and consist of a humeral lunule, a middle fascia trans-
verse, slightly oblique, from the suture to the margin where it is
slightly dilated anteriorly, and ofa round large dot representing the
anterior portion of the apical lunule. Occurs in Mexico and Cal.
(San Diego) teste Mr. H. Edwards, Length 13—14 mm.

Mann. Bull. Mose. 1837, II, 12.—Chevr. Mag. Zool. 1841, p. 7.

| March 1884. ° BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI: 109

(Reprint from Trans. Am. Philos. Soe. 1830. IIT, pag. 253-258. )
[253]. Pith
Description of ELEVEN New Species oA Norto American Insects. By N.
M. Henrz, Professor of Modern Languages in the a ae a North
Carolina. ae NE ROMS Oi

fa

“CrcinpExa.

1. CG. denticulata. Bright green ; mandibles slender, longer than the
head ; elytra polished, with a subsutural series of impressed punctures, a
subhumeral dot, intermediate triangular spot and terminal lunule white ;
pectus, postpectus, and front in the male, hairy.

Length half an inch. Inhabits Massachusetts. ,

From C. 6—gw/fata this species may be easily distinguished by its elon-
gated mandibles, its pectus. and postpectus very hairy. and the head also,.
in the male. The punctures on the elytra of this species are exceedingly
minute and distant, whilst they are deep in C. 6—gu/tata. To Dr. T. W.
Harris I am indebted for this and the: next species. ‘That gentleman,
whose knowledge and labours are not less remarkable than his disinteres-
tedness, has furnished me also with the following —

Varieties.

a—Elytra purplish blue ; spots as in the species. ult

6—-Anterior dot of-the elytra wanting. [254]

c—Anterior dot wanting ; triangular spot reduced to a. transverse line;
posterior lunule interrupted so as to form a fourth spot.

é—Jwo anterior spots wanting.

e——All the spots wanting except the ter nel lunule which is Winer
an abbreviated transverse line.

/—All the spots wanting and terminal lunule obsolete. .

[This is C. rugifrons Dej;, a variety of C. scufellaris Say. |

2. C, haemorrhoidahs. airy, dull cupreous or purple ; elytra with a
humeral dot, a round dot behind, a curved band, two dots behind, and a
terminal lunule whitish, Deep purple beneath ; venter ferruginous..

Length: 9-2oths of an inch. . Inhabits Massachusetts.

This beautiful little insect, also communicated to me by my excellent
friend Dr. Harris, is very remarkable for its numerous markings, in all:
twelve, on the elytra’ ‘she head and thorax are marked with purple and
green, the thighs are green, and the sides of the thorax, peony and post-
pectus are hairy,

[This is C. Henge? Dej., the name > eae hoidahs being pheccoaiad

110 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. ‘VI. March 1884. ]

3. C. splendida. Bright green ; disk of the elytra crimson or purple,
with a submarginal subtriangular transverse line near the middle, and a
terminal transverse line ; whole margin green.

Length 6-10th of an inch.

Inhabits North Carolina. Swarming in April.

This species 1s closely related to C. marginals of Fab. C. purpurea of
Olivier, and chiefly so to the variety 6 of Mr. Say; but several reasons
have induced me to consider it as a distinct species. The thorax of C. |
marginals is sensibly transverse, in this species it is less so, and with the
head entirely bright green: C. marginalis is quite hairy, this is slightly
so. The former inhabits usually shady places near or in the [255]
grass; C. splendida is always found on barren dry clay or sand. The
middle line is sometimes wanting, sometimes the terminal one is obsolete;
and I have observed two specimens with a humeral whitish spot.

[This is a variety of C. purpurea Oliv. |

LEBIA.

4. L. grandis. Ferruginous; elytra purple, venter piceous; thorax
remarkably transverse, posterior angles sharp, nearly rectangular.

Length rather more than g-2oths of an inch.

Inhabits North Carolina,

The remarkable size of this species will be sufficient to distinguish it
from L. a¢riventris, Say, which is very much resembles; but it is nearly
twice as large, being, I believe, enormous for this genus. The head is ©
darker than the thorax, and the striz of the elytra are deeper than in L,
atrwentris. 1 have never seen but two specimens, found at night, attract-
ed by the light.

5. L. dorea. Head dark green; disk of the thorax, tarsi, lower ends
of the tibia, knees, and anterior thighs, piceous: elytra green, substriate;
postpectus and venter ferruginous.

Length rather more than 5-2oths of an inch.

Inhabits Massachusetts.

This insect cannot be mistaken for L. ¢ricolor of Mr. Say. The strize
of the elytra cannot be seen by the naked eye, but with alens they ap—
pear to be punctured and regular, though superficial The margin of
the thorax is ferruginous; the middle part of the tibia and upper part of
the two posterior pairs of thighs are testaceous. ‘The three first joints of
the antenne are ferruginous, darkening upwards, the rest are black.

[This is L. wiredipennis Dej. ] [256]

[March 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL. 111

6. L. sola. Testaceous; elytra with cCeep impunctured strize, a common
sutural band narrower near the middle, not reaching the apex, to which
it is contiguous on each side, with a submarginal band which tapers to—
wards the humerus.

Length hardly a quarter of an inch.

Inhabits Massachusetts,

This insect is quite distinct from L. v#ata, which is larger and differs
from this in many respects. I cannot see that the interstice between the
black bands has ever been white, as no trace remains of that colour as in
L. wittata, The body and feet are testaceous; the head bordering on the
rufous; the antennz are dusky with paler base. The interstitial lines on
the elytra are convex, which is not the case with L. w/fa/a.

[This is Dianchomena scapularis Dej. |

MELOLONTHA, :

7. M. porcina. Densely covered with short yellow hair; clypeus emar-
ginate; head piceous or black with a few hairs; antennz and legs ferrugi-
nous, thorax punctured, very hairy, with a longitudinal black line formed
by the absence of hair; elytra castaneous, pubescent.

Length little more than one inch.

Inhabits Massachusetts.

This must be a rare insect, as I never saw but one specimen, and it
was new to my friend Dr. Harris; the head and thorax are piceous or
blackish, but the thorax is covered with so much yellow hair, that it gives
it a pale greenish appearance. ‘The hair which covers the insect is short
except on the margin of the elytra and postpectus, where it is long.

[This is M. z/zczs Knoch, ]

8. M. vartolosa. Covered with short white hair; clypeus subquadrate:
broader at tip, entire, ferruginous; antennz feruginous, clava very long,
seven laminz; thorax blackish with three obsolete longitudinal impressed
lines obsoletely marked [25'7] with white hair; elytra dark castaneous,
with suture, humeral line, and irregular spots, and the disk white; post
pectus with thick long yellow hair.

Length very little smaller than the preceding.

Inhabits Massachusetts.

This cannot be referred to Me/olontha 10-linea/a of Mr. Say, which has
its clypeus emarginate, and differs from it in other respects; both are
in somewhat related to M. fullo of Europe. I never saw put 2 specimens,

[It is Polyphylla variolosa Hentz. ]

112 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. March 1884]

PyROCHROA.

g. P. 2 imfumata. Black, hairy; head deep black, polished; antennz
and palpi ferruginous at base; thorax ferruginous, polished; disk black, .
elytra hairy, punctured. {

Length nearly 3-1oths of an inch.

Inhabits Massachusetts.

[This is Corphyra labiata Say. |

10. P. ? elegans. Slightly hairy; head deep black, polished; thorax,
palpi and legs bright yellow, polished; elytra blue black, premvioiitech wilh
a terminal yellow spot, polished, raised and impunctured.

Length not quite 3—10ths of an inch. :

Inhabits Massachusetts.

The two last insects answer well to the characters of Pyrochroa as given
by Latreille and Lamarck, and cannot be referred to any other genus
mentioned in the books. The palpi in both have their last joint larger,
subsecuriform. The penultimate article of the tarsi is remarkably bifid.
Their antennz have subcylindrical joints, and are insérted into a groove
of the eye-

[This is Corphyra elegans Hentz. |

(258 | Nemoenatua.

14. N. nemorenszs. Black, baits mouth and hoes ferruginous, with
three basal impressions black; elytra punctured, substriate; suture raised.
Length 3-1oths of an inch. . yay he

Inhabits the woods of North Carolina. .
This interesting insect is probably rare, for I never saw but one speci-
men, found in May. The second joint of the antennz is shorter than
the first and the third; and all the joints are very hairy, The maxillz -
which are usually bent under are nearly as long as the antenne.

In the above descriptions it is not unimportant to observe that Dr. T.
W. Harris has found in the vicinity of Boston Cicimdela formosa, which
Mr. Say described from specimens brought from the Missouri by Mr.
Nuttal. He and I have also found there Clytus speerosus, described by Mr.
Say, in the Appendix to Long’s Expedition of 1823, as discovered on the
banks of the Wisconsan, Prairie du Chien. I have seen in North
Carolina a number of insects which he had found only in the west.

[March 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 113

SYNOPSES OF BUTTERFLIES.

APATURA, /ibr.

The species of this genus have broad trigonate primaries, produced
at the apex, and with even external margins: the secondaries are some-
what narrow, and have the inner angle more or less produced in the
males, but not so as to be caudate. The general color is livid or oli-
vaceous brown varying in intensity in the specimens, and sometimes as-
suming a reddish tint. ‘The outer half of the primaries is darker, macu-
late with white spots.

The species are closely related, and color and slight variation in
maculation has been relied on, to separate the species heretofore des-
cribed. There species are here recognized, and they may be distinguished
as follows:

Primaries with one or more large black extra discal spots (sometimes ocellate) surround-
ed by ground color.

Ground color pale livid or olive brown, size moderate.................... celtis,
Ground color darker, more reddish brown, size larger......... An rene runvert sie alicia.

Primaries with extra discal biack spots, replaced by one or more clear white

A. celtis, Bd. Lec. Lep. Am. Sept. 210. t. 57, f. 3 & 4 larva and chrysalis.
Edw. Butt. N. A. II, Pl. 1, Apatura f. 1, 2 & 3, (larva): lycaon Scudder, Syst. Rev.
Am. Butt. 9, (1872):.? lycaon Fabr. Ent. Syst. II, 1, 228.

Primaries near base, and secondaries olive brown; rest of fore wings
blackish fuscous Two rows of white spots on primaries; the first apical,
consisting of three or four; the other discal and across the wing consist—
ing of seven. One extra median black ocellus. Secondaries with six
marginal ocelli; a discal band of white spots on male. Beneath, base of
forewings reddish; else gray with spots and ocelli as above. Secondaries
of ¥$' prolonged at anal angle, of Q rounded. Larva subcylindric,
tapering toward each end, anal segment bifid or furcate; head large,
with two branched spines; color yellowish—green with whitish sides and
bluish green longitudinal lines: incisures of segments darker; feeds on
hackberry (Celtis occtdentahs). Chrysalis green, shaped much like that of
Danas archippus, head slightly bifid.

Butterfly expands 1.5—2 inches. Had. Fast U.S,

114 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. March 1884. ]

Var. antonio, Edw. Field & Forest, III, 103 (1877).

Like ce/#’s but with two extra discal black spots on primaries, which
are pupilled with white or blue.

Size of celtts. Hab. Tex., Ariz., Col.

Var. montis, Edw. Papilio 3, 7.

Like anfonio but with three ocellate black spots above on primaries;
four or five below.

Size of celts, Hab. Col., Ariz.

Mr. Edwards, Pap. III, 7, gives as a distinctive point between celts
and anfonzo that in ce/fis there is but a single dd ocellus in the second
median interspace, while in azfonzo there is asecond, in the upper median
interspace and both are ocellate. Monts is described as a variety of
antonio though it has one more ocellate spot above and a variable number
‘beneath. I have seen in Philadelphia and elsewhere ce/#; with the spot
very distinctly pupilled, and have seen anfonze, with the pupils reduced
to mere pale dots; the number of spots seems to afford no safe specific
character and the insects are therefore placed as varieties of ced/es.

A. alicia, Edw. Butt. N. A. I, pl. 1. -Apatura (et larva).

Markings like var. antonio of celtis, but ground color of upper sur-
face inclined to reddish trawny. ‘The anal angle of the secondaries of
the f' are more produced, and the specimens are asa rule considerably
larger than any varieties of cedtzs.

Expands 2.5—3 inches. Had. So. U.S.

Var. leilia, Edw. Tr. A. E. 8., V, 103; Butt. N. A. II, pl. 1, Apatura
f. 6 and 7.

More reddish in tint on the. upper surface, apical dark space of
primaries less contrasting, with three ocellate black spots, as in var
montis of celts.

Expands 2 inches. Aad. Ariz.

Alicia and /eilia are probably but dark forms of axz/onio and montis
and Mr. Strecker in his list catalogues them as varieties of cedfzs.

A. elyton, Bd. & Lec. Lep. Am, Sep. p. 208, pl. 56, f. 1—4 (3 larva 4
chrys.) ocellata Edw. Butt. N. A. II, pl. 2, Apatura, f. 1 —4; herse Scud. Syst. Rev.
Am. Butt. 9 (1872); ? herse Fabr. Ent. Syst. IIT, 1, p. 229.

[March 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 115

Wing form much as in ce/#s. Primaries of male at base ferruginous,
outwardly blackish brown. ‘Two rows of yellow spots; one discal of
seven, reaching across the wing; the other nearly submarginal of five.
Secondaries blackish brown, with a row of six black spots with yellow
iris, Female somewhat paler in color, with markings larger and yellow
spots less pronounced. Beneath on primaries yellowish; secondaries
gray with purple shade, ocelli replacing the black spots of upper surface;
else beneath practically reproducing the markings of upper surface.

Expands 2—3 inches. Had. East U.S.

The larva is in form and pattern of markings much like that of cedts
but rather paler in color throughout: the processes surmounting the head
are subglobular and spinose, of a yellowish color; the chrysalis has the
head less distinctly bifid. Food plant ce/#s and prunus (Bd. Lec.)

Var. proserpina, Scudd. Pr. Bost. Soc. N. H. II, 401; Edw. Butt. N. A.
Il, Apatura pl. 2. f. 5 & 6.
Upper surface of secondaries black, markings not perceptible.
Ocelli below almost obsolete.

Mr. Strecker in his catalogue records this as an aberration and re-
cords on ‘‘abé QJ nig upper surface of all wings obscured with blackish”.

Var. flora, Edw. Butt. N, A. II, pl. 5. 1, (var. clyton?) Can. Ent. 13,
p- 85 (sp. dist.).

Wings more excised, secondaries % more prolonged, color more
ferruginous. Mr. Edwards first recorded this insect as a variety, possibly
a species. In Can, Ent. supra cit. he records the tact that he has received
the larva and that as it differs in habit and number of moults from clyton
found in W. Va. he now considers it a distinct species. In view of the
fact that the natural home of this vay, is much to the South, and the de-
velopment therefore naturally more rapid Mr. Edward’s arguments
lose force.

Expands 3 inches. //aéd. Florida.

ACONISTHOS, 22.

The single species of this genus which is only doubtfully catalogued
as belonging to our fauna, is easily distinguished by its large size, falcate,
tawny primaries, and fuscous hairy secondaries; apex of primaries black,
with a single large white spot on costa near tip; outer margin also
black, that color broadening toward the hind angle. Secondaries uni-

116 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. March 1884]

formly fuscous clothed with long olivaceous hair most dense near the
inner margin. Beneath, the ground color is paler, irregularly striped
and mottled with greenish and violaceous, Body short, very robust
and hairy.

A. Orion, Fabr. Ent. Syst. III, 1, p..55, (Papilio) Bd. Lec., Lep. Am. Sep.
pl. 52, p, 195. (Agonisthos.)

Expands 4 inches. ad. Fla. (?) Centr. & So. Am.

PAPHIA, Wes.

The species of this genus are easily known by the wing form, and
by the stout rather short body. The primaries are falcate, with the apex
acute, most distinctly so in the male. ‘The secondaries are distinctly
tailed at the middle of the outer margin, and the hind angle while not
produced is distinctly rectangular. The palpi are very closely applied to
the front, and a little exceed the vertex. The club of the antenna is
gradual. The underside of the species most generally has a dead leaf
color and appearance. Some confusion as to which species we have here
has arisen but the following expresses the latest conclusions of authorities
on the subject.

P. troglodyta, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 502 n..250 (Papilio); astinax Cram.
Pap. Ex. IV, t. 337, A. B. (Papilio); glycerium Riley (nec. Doubl.) Am. Ent. IL,
121, f. 81-83, W. H. Edw. Butt. N. A. pl. 1 of Paphia; andria Scud. Buff. Bull. IT,
248 (Aenea); Morrisonia Edw. Pap. vol. Ill, p.

Above coppery red, varying somewhat in intensity of color, extremity
of discal cell black, outer margins darker, with a bluish tint at extreme
edge, most distinct on secondaries; the female is larger than the male,
the dark outer margin is much broader and there is a more or less com-
plete transverse black line at outer third of both wings.

Expands 2.5—-3.5 inches inches. Had. So. and West States.

We have carefully examined specimens of P. MJorrisonia determined
by Mr. Edwards, and we cannot find any differences between them and.
the ordinary torm wich could be deemed specific or even varietal.

The larva feeds on wild sage (Croton capitatum), is of a bluish color
when young, sprinkied with minute whitish papillze, and larger reddish or
brown tubercles. When full grown it measures 1.5 inches, tapers from
the third segment toward each extremity; color except neck bluish green,
papillz pale: neck pale green, distinctly marked: head bilobed, a pair
of orange papillze on vertex. Chrysalis in form like that of Dazazs.

[March 1384. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VL. 117

NEONYMPHA, Vest.

The species of this genus are sombre gray in color, darker only and
with a rufous tinge in centre of wings in raudbricata and Henshaw, Under
surface always, upper surface usually, with ocellate spots, wings rounded;
primaries with rounded apices and very convex costal margin, with costal
vein greatly and suddenly inflated.

The genera in this group are obscurely characterized, and the species
are most easily recognized by the ornamentation of the wings. The species
may be tabulated as follows, and the relationship and order in which
they should be catalogued is as in the table. -

The larvee are very similar in all the species of which they are known;
they are elongate, thickest in the middie, longitudinally strigose, tai] bifid,
Chrysalis short, thick with the headcase rather incurved and obtuse The
food plants are various species of grasses.

Upper, surface of wings with ocellate spots near outer margin.
Alevines two ocellaterblacks spotsion) Upper sidema = eens ore nee eurytris.
Bach wimg with but a single ocellate spot above ..:.................- rubricata.
Upper surface of wings without ocellate spots.
Beneath, primaries with four, secondaries with five elongate, irregular

OCS IATCHS DOCS kere eae 2... 0 NPRM ay ct ar ure te Daca hain phocion.
Beneath, primaries with a single spot near apex.

Secondaries with two larger and two very small spots................. ensy bius.
Beneath, secondaries with two gemminate spots at middle of outer margin.
WVES EIA PENS EA Ee isin 6 Ree dleo iu cce crate aes ebonmie cs te Bowes = aba)

Wings darker with a strong rufous ‘inge....................... _““onshawi.

N. eurytris, F. Ent. Syst. 3, 157 (Papilio) cymela Cram. Pap. Ex. Pl. 132,
figs, C. and D, (Papilio). Harris 326, fig. 129, (Hipparchia). Bd. and Lec. Pl. 61,
figs. I—5, (all stages).

There are two narrow dark marginal lines above, on both wings; the
spots are always ocellate but the anterior one on the secondaries is often
indistinct; sometimes there is a small indistinct spot close to one or both
the spots on secondaries. Beneath the color is paler, the spots on second-
aries have the small spots close to the larger always present and one or
two intermediate lead colored spots; two darker transverse lines on both
pairs of wings.

Expands 1.5 inches. Larva on grasses. Afad. Atlantic States & Cen.

118 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. March 1884]

N. rubricata, Edw. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 3, 212 (EHuptychia).

Closely allied to the preceeding but evidently distinct by the darker
color, the ferruginous central spaces on each wing, the lack of the spot
at interior angle of primaries and anterior angles of secondaries above.
Beneath the ground color is paler, the primaries have the central portion
ferruginous and a submarginal transverse darker line: there are two
silvered spots below the ocellate spot. Secondaries powdered with gray
and fo ocellate spots, the anterior near anterior angle; this is preceeded
by a gemminate silvered spot and there are two similar spots between the
ocellate spots; two darker transverse lines.

Expands 1.75—z2 inches. Had. Tex., Arizona.

N. phocion, Fabr. Sp. Ins. II. p. 138, (Papilio); areolatus Sm. Abb. I,
pl. 13 and larva (Papilio); Bd. & Lec. Pi. 63, figs. 5—8 larva, pupa and imago.
Above immaculate of the usual gray color. Beneath paler with two
ferruginous transverse lines. Between these lines is an elongated ferru—
ginous circle, in which the primaries have three or four ocelli with a
bluish pupil and a yellow iris; the secondaries enclose in this circle six
ocelli which are oblong and have the pupil oval. Food plants Andropogan
nutans, Panicum sanguinale,

Expands 1.5 inches. ad. Atlantic States from N. Y. South.

A. sosybius, F. Ent. Syst. 3, 219 (Papilio); Bd. & Lec. pl. 63, figs. 1-—4,
(Imago, pupa and larva).

Upper surface immaculate; beneath paler with three obscure trans—
verse undulated lines; the primaries have sometimes three additional in—
distinct spots below the ocellus and the secondaries sometimes have four
similar spots between the ocelli.

Expands 1.5 inches. Had. Middle & So. Sts., to Miss. Valley.

N. gemma, Hb. Zutr. 1, figs. 7 and 8, (Satyrus); Bd. & Lec. Lep. Am.
Lep. pl. 62 (larva pupa & imago).

Above pale mouse gray secondaries with two or three gemminate
black spots at middle of, and close to outer margin. Beneath more rufous
mottled with irregular ferruginous lines; three more distinct transverse
lines on primaries and two similar lines on secondaries; near to outer
margin is a row of silvered spots; at the middle of outer margin is an oval
violet patch in which are two gemminate black spots centred with silver.

Expands 1.5—1.75 inches. Had, So. States.

[March 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 119

N. Henshawi, Edw. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 5, 205.

This species is very like gemma in appearance and markings and
indeed in our opinion it is but variety of the latter and entitled to rank
only as such; however as we have seen only few specimens of gemma and
those all pale forms and many Henshaw all of a dark color though by no
means al] agreeing with the type form in maculation or the extent of the
red markings, we retain it for the present as a good species. It differs
from gemma only in the darker ground color,-the more or less extensive
tufous tint in the wings and by the generally more distinct markings of
underside.

Expands 1.5—2.5 inches. ad. Arizona.

All our Henshaw7 are from Arizona, while we have no gemma thence
the probability is that they are local variations somewhat as are Sa/yrus,
alope and nephele, and that regions with intermediate forms will be found.

SATYRODES, ‘Scudder.

Differs from Meonympha in that the veins of the primaries are scarcely
perceptibly inflated and very gradually so. The difference in this respect
from Neonympha, in which the species is placed by Mr. W. H. Edwards,
is marked and Mr. Strecker in placing it in Pararge is equally incorrect.
Mr, Scudder gives satisfactory reasons for his genus (see Buff. Bull. 2,
242). The species is:

S. canthus, Bd. Lep. Am. Sept. t. 60, (Larva, pupa and imago.)
(Satyrus). Boisduvalii, Harr. Inj. Ins. 305, f. 128.

The subterminal space above is paler, else dull grey. The primaries
have four, the secondaries six black spots on the upper side. ‘They are
smal], on the primaries sometimes punctiform and scarcely ocellate. On
the secondaries the spots are always larger and more distinct. Beneath
the color is more yellowish, the spots are distinctly ocellate and centred
with blue; a darker angulate line bounds the subterminal pale space; a
similar line crosses the discal cell on the primaries, another terminates it;
on the secondaries there is another from the costal nearly to the hind
margin, % from base.

Expands 1.75—2.25 inches. Had. No. and M. States to Miss
Larva on grasses.

120 BULLELIN BROOKLYN ENVOM. SOC. VOL. VI. March 1884. ]

\
A, Communication in reference to Arctia Nais.

Tam in receipt of a letter from Prof. Geo. H. French, calling my attention
to the fact that I had misquoted him in my saying that he had proved the identity
of Arctia Nais Dru., with Arctia Phyllira Dru., and ArctiaPhalerata Harr. (Brookl.
Bulletin. Vol. VI, p. 70).

The remark was not intended as quotation, but a statement from memory of
what had been accomplished by Prof. French. But | see the statement is an
- incorrect one. One or two of my friends had for some time back been arguing
the indentity of A. Nuis with A. Phyllira, but 1 could not agree with them though
much was said in favor of the statement. That A. Phalerata is a variation of A.
Nais, no one has doubted, and every one has proved that has raised the larvye.
Taking these two facts together, and never thinking that it could be that any
one would write to prove the identity of A. Nais and A. Phalerata, I suppose I
cot the insects intended, interchanged in my mind; and in my statement brought
in the name of the third. Jam sorry to have made this error.

The synonomy given by me must be changed so that there are two species
instead of one—the two being A. Nais Dru. and A. Phyllira Dru.

What final determination will be made Ican not tell. Not the slightest reli-
ance can be placed on color in the determination of species here, and I hesitate
to say any reliance can be placed on the shape of wings. I have A. Parthenice
Kirby (Saundersii Grt.) from the same brood with wings pointed in some and
rounded in others on the outer margin. In the brood from A. Hxcelsa spoken of
page 69, Vol. VI of Bulletin are in shape of wings differences as great as in A.
Nais and A. Phyllira. Gro. D. Hutsr.

Beetle trap.

We owe to the kindness of Mr. J. A. Lintner,
State Entomologist, the adjoint woodeut which
was printed in his excellent first annual report on
the injurious and other insects of the State of New
York (Albany Oct. 1883).

Mr. Lintner recommends its use to destroy
noxious insects, but we think it would just as well
answer to collect beetles placing it over night in the
garden or the woods and looking next morning for
the prey.

It consists of a pan filled with water, diluted
alcohol or benzine, in the middle of which is placed
on a smooth piedestal (fruitjar) a common bright
burning lantern, its foot being smeared over with
an attracting stuff molasses. The cost of such an
arrangement would be so inconsiderable that several
lanterns might be used. F. G. SCHAUPP. -

[March 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 121

Remarks and Descriptions of new species.

There is such a variation in size, color and markings of the Cicindelze
that I feel rather diffident in venturing to describe a few species as new.
I am fully aware that size, color and markings do not constitute a specific
character, but when I consider that our greatest Entomologists have des-
cribed three times as many as are recognized to day I wonder what
specific characters they have made use of.

Say described his scwfelarzs with green head and thorax and reddish
brassy elytra, then Dejean describes the green variety as rugifrons, the
black as modes/a and an immaculate green form as wnzcolor, and Halde-
mann another as Leconfer, and to day everybody agrees that there is no
specific difference between them except in color. It is not necessary to
cite more of the numerous instances of this kind, the aspect of our varie-
ties and synonyms show plainly enough the truth of my assertion. The
number of our species becomes gradually reduced and that ofthe varieties
increased and I have no doubt there are some more species which may
in time be degraded as varieties, e. g. Willistont Lec, a variety of /uleda
Say, Hentz Dej. a variety of rufiventris Dej.; striga Lec. a variety of
severa Laf., especially when we consider that “mébata Say and hyperborea
Lec, are the same species and that decemnofata Say is but a variety of fer-
purea; 1 would say the same thing about cuprascens, puritana and macra,
if Dr. Horn had not clearly proved that they invariably differ by the
shape of the elytral apex from each other,

Two of my new species show rather a tendency to unite two species
being intermediate forms.

Omus ambiguus, n. sp. This species resembles Zeconéec Horn and
Audouini Reiche; it belongs to my second group, the lateral margin of
the thorax attaining the basal margin; from Leconte: Horn it differs by
the shape of tne elytra, agreeing therein with that of Auz/ouzni7, by the bisin-
uate labrum, by the much deeper frontal impressions, by the smoother thor-
ax, with hind angles more prominent, by the elytra more irregularly con-
fusedly punctured, and smoother near the.middle; from a large specimen
of Audouini Reiche it differs by lateral margin of the thorax united to the
basal, by much smoother and less confluently punctured elytra and by
markedlv stouter antenne.

One male from Mt. Shasta District, Cal., received from Mr. Hy,
Edwards.

122 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. March 1884]

Cle latesignata Lec. var. tenuicineta Schaupp. A Q specimen from

Mr. H. Edwards is highly interesting as connecting to a certain ex-

tent atesignata Lec., generosa De}., and vulgaris Say. The specimen in

question comes from Colorado and agrees with /atesignata Lec. in the
shape of head, thorax and elytra, with vu/guris Say in the exact form and
direction of the humeral lunule and middle band, with generosa Dej., in
the shape of the broad apical lunule and in having the markings connect-
ed at the margin in precisely the same form as the typical generosa,
although the connecting line is much narrower, The specimen is peculiar
and might have been with nearly the same propriety placed as a variety
of either of the above three species, but the general form of the insect is
most nearly like /atesigna/a Lec., and I have therefore referred it as a
variety of that species. The markings are much indented as shown in the
adjoining figure.

Cic. lunalonga n. spec. Color above blackish bronze, beneath, head

and thorax brilliant green,abdomen metallic blue, slightly hairy on the

sternum. Head glabrous, granulate, striate between the eyes; labial

palpi pale with last joint dark; labrum short with a distinct tooth at
middle; thorax glabrous nearly quadrate, granulate very slightly narrowed
behind, impressions very deep, greenish bronze; elytra subparallel, granu-
late, finely punctured with a row of green fovez near the suture and
several scattered foveze near the humeri; tip of elytra separately rounded,
_ short sutura] spine. The markings consist of a slender, very long humeral
lunule running obliquely to the middle of the elytra reaching nearly the
suture, dilated at tip; middle band not reaching the margin, arising from
a triangular spot, bent rectangularly at middle, descending somewhat ob-
liquely and hooked at tip; the transverse portion is heavy but the descen-
ding line short and slender; apical lunule broad, broadly indented
anteriorly and less to posteriorly. Legs green bronze, stout, moderately long.

Occurs in Sierra Nevada, Cal. One Q kindly given me by Mr.
H. Edwards Length 9.5 mm.

This species belongs to the second division, group four, and is allied
to cinctipennis, from which it differs by having the labrum one toothed
and the markings quite different.

I have received from Mr, A. S. Fuller a fine variation of obsolefa Say,
black with six small round dots, a humeral, a submarginal at middle and
an apical, he also gave me two beautiful variations of splendida, one entire
ly black, the other entirely green. All these specimens are from N. Mex.

[March 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 123

Mr. W. Dokhtouroff describes in his Revue mensuelle d’ Entomologie
1883, vol. I, No. 1, p. 12, a new spec. Cic. dis¢gnzata from California,
North or South? He described it as opaque greenish black above and
dark green brilliant beneath; head finely punctured, dark green; labrum
short, transverse, (not mentioning any thing about dentation), thorax
nearly quadrate, the longitudinal impression scarcely visible, the trans-
versal ones distinct. Elytra nearly cylindrical, very finely punctured,
dark olivaceous; the markings are a slender yellowish middle band be-
ginning at the middle of the elytra and descending very obliquely to-
wards near the suture, hooked at tip; the suture, the lateral margin and
the scutellum are brilliant black; the labial palpi are pale with black tip.
Tibize and tarsi brown, femora blackish, scarcely ciliate; the abdominal
segments are light brown. Length 7mm. If not a Mexican species
(from the Peninsula of California,) it may be a variation of our very variable
cinctipennis Lec. var. imperfecta Lec., with which the description agrees
in nearly all respects.

The larva of Cicindela repanda Dej. (f 124) is yellowish white,
head piceous, thorax slightly bronzed, resembles very much that of Te—
tracha, it has eight eyes, the lower of the smaller pair is very indistinct,
the antennz are as in Tetracha; the maxillary palpi have the joints gradual-
ly longer and more slender from the first to the third; fifth abdominal seg-
ment with the gibbosity emarginate behind, each side with a long slender
hook, and a short acute tubercule the latter directed posteriorly, (Horn.
Am. Ent. Soc. VII, p. 34—37.)

The pupa figured in Bull. Brooklyn Entom. Soc. vol. V, p. 18,
bears some resemblance to other Carabidous pupze notably to that of a
Carabus, bus is quite distinct by processes on the first five segments of
the upper surface near the margin, those of the fifth being the longest.

Mr. Louis Schledorn, a very skillful young man under my direction
engraved the plates and did excellent work, but unfortunately ill health
compelled him to leave the city for Culorado and the completion and
coloration had to be intrusted to a much inferior workman and that is
the reason why we present on plate V, drawn by Mr, J. B. Smith, the
figures of some elytra not very distinctly represented on the colored plates
' together with some noteworthy variations, also the larve of the four
genera.

With our next number will be issued plate V, together with expla-
nation and index of species.

124

BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI.

March 1884.]

Amblychila Say.

1 cylindriformis Say.

Piccolomini Reiche.
Omus Lsch.

2 Dejeani Reiche.
3 Edwardsii Crotch.
-4 Audouini Reiche.
5 submetallicus Horn.
6 Hornti Lec.
7 californicus Esch.
8 sequoiarum Crotch.
g ambiguus Schaupp.
10 Lecontei Horn.
11 levis Horn.
Tetracha /ofe.
carolina Lin.
virginica Lin.
virginata Lin.
Cicindela Zz.
Pilatei Guerin.
maga Lec.
a Belfragei Salle.
celeripes Lec.
cursitans Lec.
obsoleta Say.
a vulturina Lec.
b prasina Lec,
17 unipunctata Fab.
18 longilabris Say.
a montana Lec.
b perviridis Schaupp.
ce Laurent Schaupp.
1g scutellaris Say.
a rugifrons De}.
denticulata Hentz.
b modesta De}.
obscura Say.
c Leconter Hald.
d unicolor De}.
e mgrior Schaupp.
20 nigroccerulea Lec.
21 pulchra Say.
22 Hornii Schaupp
anthracina || Horn.
3 pimeriana Lec.
viatica Lec.
24 sexguttata Fab.
a wiolacea Fab.
b patrucla De).

c consentanea Dej.

102
13

14

15
16

2

a

25 purpurea Oliy.
a Audubonw Lec.
b graminea Schaupp.
c eimarrona Lec.
d decemnotata Say.
e limbahs Lec.
f limbals Klug.
@ spreta Lec.
h amoena Lec.
1 splendida Hentz.
sexguttata var. Feb.
marginatis var. De}.
17 formosa Say.
a generosa De}.
b venusta Lec.
27 latesignata Lec.
a fenuicincta Schaupp
28 Willistoni Lec.
29 fulgida Say.
30 senilis Horn.
31 hyperborea Lec.
a Limbata Say.

33 vulgaris Say.
a vibex Horn.
b obhiquata || Kirby.
obliquata De).
tranguebarica Herbst?
repanda Dej.
a oregona Lec.
b guttifera Lec.
c 12 guitala Dej.
baltimorensis Lec.
proteus Kirby.
hirticollis Say.
pusilla Say.
a lerricola Say.
b cyanella Lec.
hirticollis Dej.
albohirta De}.
gravida Lec.
unita Kollar,
ponderosa Thoms. Mex.
37 cinctipennis Lec.
a wperfecta Lec.
bisignata Doulkt ?
38 lunalonga Sehaupp.
39 rectilatera Chaud.
texana Lec.
40 tenuisignata Lec,
41 punctulata Oliv.

34

)

a micans Fab.

42 tortuosa Dej.
serpens Lec.
ascendens Lec.
sigmoidea Lec.
trifasciata Klug.

43 dorsalis Say.

a media Lec.
b Saulcyi Guerin.
signata De}.

44 hamata Brulle.
lacerata Chaud.

45 marginata Fab.
variegata De}.

46 cuprascens Lec.
blanda var. Lec.

47 puritana Horn.

48 macra Lec.
blanda £ Lec.

49 Wapleri Lec.

50 blanda De}.

tarsalis Lec.
51 nevadica Lec.

limbigera G. & H. Cat. |52 sperata Lec.
32 ancocisconensis Harr.|s 3 Gabbii Horn,

54 hirtilabris Lec,
55 gratiosa Guerin.
56 lepida Dej.
57 viridisticta Bates.
58 lemniscata Lec.
59.circumpicta Laf.
a praetextata Lec.
californica Men.
Johnsoni Fitch *
60 togata Laf.
61 pamphila Lee.
62 severa Laf.
63 striga Lec. —
64 hemorrhagica Lec.
a pacifica Schaupp.
65 rufiventris De}.
a cumatilis Lec.
b 16 punctlata Klug.
66 Hentzii Dej.
haemorrhoidalis || Hentz
67 marginipennis Dej.
68 Schauppui Horn.
69 abdominalis Fab.
a scabrosa Schaupp.
70 politula Lec.
71 Sommeri Mann.
ferrugata Putz.

Buller Brooktvn Entomological Society, Val VL 7863.

L. 6. Schaupp, Scnopsis of North American Gandehidie:

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Bullet Brooklyn Entomological Soctety; Vol VE 15853.

E.G Schanpp, Synopsis of North Amencen Gandehide.

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LC. Schaupp, Synopsis of North American Gandehde.

Bullet Brooklyn Entomological Soctety, Vol VL 1883.

£.G. Schaupp, Synopsis ot North Americeav Gandehide.

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COUR mele arene ite Pia ode PAV As ist

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

47 ancocisconensis Harr 100 togata Laf,

Amblychila.

1 cylindriformis Sway.
Omus.

2 Dejeanii Rerche.

3 Edwardsii Crotch.

4 Audouini Reiche.

5 submetailicus Horn.
6 Hornii Lec.

7 californicus “sch,

8 sequoiarum Croich.
g Lecontet Horn.
10 levis Horn.

Tetracha.

11 carolina Liz.

12 virginica Linn.
Cicindela.

13 Pilatei Guersn.

14 cursitans Lec.

15 obsoleta Say.

16 prasina Lec.

17 vulturina Lec.

18 unipunctata Fad.

19 longilabris Say.

20 perviridis Schpp.

21 pulchra Say.

22 Horn Schpp.

23 nigrioccerulea Lec.

24 pimeriana Lec.

25 scutellaris Say.

+6 rugifrons De.

27 Lecontei Ha/d.

28 modesta Dey,

27 nigrior Schpp.

30 unicolor Dey.

alt i var.

32 sexguttata Fad.

33 violacea Fad.

34 ne var.

35 patruela Dez.

36 consentanea De.

37 purpurea Oliv.

38 graminea Schpp.

39 Audubonii Lec.

40 cimarrona Lec,

41 decemnotata Say.

42 limbalis A/ug.

43 i var,

44 “i var.

45 splendida Hentz.
46 be var.

48 formosa Say.
49 generosa Dey.
50 * var.
51 venusta Lec.

52 vulgaris Say.
53 vibex Horn.

54 var. of 51.

55 limbata Say.
56 hyperborea Lec.
57 latesignata Lec.
58 ‘ var.
59 fulgida Say.
60 Willistoni Lec.
61 senilis Horn.

_ 62 repanda Dey.

63 duodecimguttata D7.
64 oregona Lec.
65 guttifera Lec.
66 hirticollis Say.
67 tenuisignata Lec.
68 cinctipennis Lec.
69 oH val.
70 imperfecta Lec.
71 pusilla Say.
72 cyanella Lec.
73 tortuosa Dey.
74 Re var.
75 rectilatera Chaud.
76 punctulata Ol,
Vag si var.
78 micans Fad,
79 hamata Brille.
80 marginata Fad.
81 cuprascens Lec,
82 puritana Horn.
83 macra Lec.
84 Wapleri Lec.
85 Mexican species.
86 66 66
87 sperata Lec.
88 nevadica Lee.
89 Gabbi Horn.
go lepida Dey.
gt dorsalis Say.

2 a var.
g3 media Lec.
94 Saulcyi Guerim.
95 gratiosa Guerin,
g6 hirtilabris Lec.
97 lemniscata Lee.
98 severa Laf,
99 eS Siete

IOI circumpicta Laf
102 fy var.
103 californica Menez.
104 pretextata Lec.
105 pamphila Chaud.
106 Schauppu Horn.
107 marginipennis Dey.
108 heemorrhagica Lec.
109 var. from Utah.
I10 pacifica Schpp.

TI1 16 punctata Klug.
112 rufiventris De.

113 i var.

114 Hentz De.

115 cumatilis Lec.

116 abdominalis ad.

_ 117 scabrosa Schpp.

118 Sommeri A/ann,
r1g viridisticta Bases.
120 politula Lec.

(oles IVE)
a elytra of hamata,

Oy aia poamaltas
Cs rouprascens
GSES S joynvaitiannes
OQ 2 EY NOMENA);
J, ee blandar
oo en eemniitilalonise
(pl. V.)
121 Larva of Amblychila
iam 86 LG (Orns,
12 wee culve trachea
nae EGE Crerimlella,

125 C. vulturina Lec.var.
126 ‘* montana Lec,
na7 NGeconter —//aana,
128 ‘‘ obliquata Avroy.
129 a.b.hyperborea Lec.
130 ancocisconensis/Har,
131 ‘‘ vulgaris Say.

132 ‘‘ repanda De.

133 ‘‘oregona Lec,

134 ‘‘ guttifera Lec.

135 ‘‘ 12 guttata Dey.
136 ‘* pusilla Say.

137 and g, hirticollisSay.
138 ‘‘cinctipennis Lec.
139-41 imperfecta Lec.v.
142 tenuisignata Lec.
143 tortuosa Dey. var.
144 Schauppil Horn var.
145 ro notata Say,

[April 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 125

Synopsis of the N. A. species of Satyrus West.
with notes on the species
collected by the N. Transcontinental Survey.

By Joun B, Smiru.

Among the Butterflies collected by the members of the Entomological
section of the N. Transcontinental Survey in 1882 were a large number
of specimens, belonging to the genus Safyrus West., which Dr. Hagen
kindly delivered to me for study and arrangement. The dates on which
the species were captured, and the localities are as follows: Umatilla Or.
June 25 (level), Camp Umatilla W. T. June 26 & 27 (level), Yakima
R., W. T. Lone Tree, June 30, Morgans Ferry, July 1, (gradually ris—
ing to), Yakima City W. T., July 2, 3 & 4 (1500 ft.), ‘‘Nelsons” W, T.
July 4 & 5 (2000 ft.), Wenass V., W. T., July 6 & 7 (2000 ft.), Yakima
R., July 8 & g, Klikitat V., W. T., July 10, 11 & 12 (3000 ft.), Ellens-
Durga. i july\14 (1000 ft.), Yakima Ro, W. 1, July 16; 17516
and 19 (1000 ft.), Ainsworth, W. T., July 20 (500 ft.), Spokane, W. T.
July 21 & 22 (1490 ft.), Colville V., W. T., Loon Lake, July 23, and
Browns July 24 (2500 ft. to), Little Spokane, July 26, and Spokane,
July 27 (1490 ft.), Weeksville Mont, Aug. 2 (2000 to 3000 ft.),

The species collected were: June 25, S. paulus, S. sylvestris, S. in-
cana, June 30, S. paulus, July 2, 3 & 4, S. doopis, July4& 5, S. ariane,
Huby ocegy US. charon, july 10. 11 & 12," 3S: sylvestris, “S. charons “S.
paulus, July 14, S. doopis, July 16—19, S. paulus, July 21 & 22, S.
artane, S. boopis, July 23, S. charon, S. phocus, July 24, S. ariane, July
26 & 27, S. sylvestris, Aug. 2, S. ariane and S. charon,

In another form the captures were as follows: S. doopis, July 4, 5,
Babee c22) (Elev, LOOO—2000 ft.) S. azzane, July 2, 3, 4,15. 215 22)
24. Aug. 2 (elev. 1400—3000 ft.), S «cana, June 25 (level), S,
paulus, June 25 & 30, July 11, 12, 13, 16—to 19 (level to 3000 ft.), S.
charon, July 8—12, 23, and Aug. 2 (elev. 2—3000 ft.), S. phocus, with
charon, S. sylvestris June 25, July 10—12, 26 & 27 (level to 3000 ft.),

(Quite a large number of each species were taken and from the whole
number of nearly 150 examples I selected 60, scarcely two of which were
entirely alike, and they form the basis of the following synopsis; speci—
mens of each species being also obtained from the Brooklyn collections,
many determined by Mr. W. H. Edwards, while in Mr. H. Edwards
collection I saw typical specimens of the California forms. The names

126 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. April 1884]

attached to the species were verified and the W. T. material was classified
by the aid of Mr. Edwards excellent paper in Vol. 12 of the Can. Ent.
Mr, Edwards in the preparation of that paper evidently had before him
a large mass of material, but apparently none covering the localities
above mentioned, and my conclusions from the material before me are
somewhat different from those reached by him.

The genus Sazyrus is distinguished by having all the veins of prim-
aries inflated at base: the costal very prominently so, the median more
gradually, the inflation traceable to the inception of vein two, vein one
very gradually and much less distinctly than either of the others. The
species vary in expanse from 1—2.5 inches, are of a smoky brown color
above and in the first group usually with a more or less distinct yellow band
near outer margin, in which are from one to three ocellate spots. When
there is no distinct band, the spots still remain, are often not ocellate
and occasionally one is wanting. In group two the species lack the distinct
band, In s¢hene/e it is faintly indicated in the Q, while in all the species
the Q has amore or less distinct yellowish ring surrounding the spots,
which is usually obsolete or entirely wanting in the ¢j\. The secondaries
in all but two of the species have none, or but a single ocellate spot on
upper surface. Beneath, the ocelli and band of primaries are reproduced,
the former usually much more distinctly than above, The secondaries are
mottled with short dark lines, have usually a more or less distinctly
marked discal band, the borders of which are formed of rather darker and
often extremely irregular lines: beyond the outer of these boundary lines
the wing is usually paler, and in this paler space are from one to six spots
usually ocellate, and when all present, in two groups of three each, the
middle spot of each group largest.

In tabular form the species which I recognize as such may be
‘ distinguished as follows:
Size large, primaries broad, comparatively short, apex and outer margin
MOUTG CMe shies m Le Lin fe yolk ramet! Melly i diokatah cei c TINE RS Ore Group alope.
Size smaller, primaries (of (j' especialiy) proportionately longer, apex acute
or rectangular. outer margin oblique or subsinuate not rounded
: Group sylvestris.

Group ALOPE.

Primaries above with a distinct yellow band near outer margin, in which are
from 1—3 ocellate spots.
Upper ocellus of primary double, one or both of the two larger spots on under-
sidejofsecondanesilenticulan a mmieracint iek acts atts Wheeleri.

{April 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 127

Upper ocellus of primary single, all the spots beneath, rounded........ (type) alope.
Primaries without the distinct yellow band, ocellate spots often reduced in
size to mere dots without centre; else as in the preceeding.....
(variety) nephele.
Group SILVESTRIS.

Inner margin of discal band of secondaries but slightly angulate or crenate,
not strongly dentate.

Primaries above and beneath with distinct rufous tinge on disc............. Meadii.
Primaries without rufous tinge.
Outer margin of discal band of secondaries not strongly dentate on cell...gthenele.

Outer margin of discal band of secondaries deeply dentate on cell........ Baroni.
Inner margin of discal band of secondaries very strongly and distinctly dentate
and angulate .. asc REE oo Ba Seta Shera ch aegis, Lake aber Liha Silvestris,

S. Wheeleri, Edw. Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. IV, 343, Mead, Wheeler’s Rep. V,

773, pl. 39. Hoffmani, Streck. Lep. Rhop.-Het. p. 31, pl. 4 Q, p. 66, pl. 8%.

This species is easily known by the unusually pale color, the twin
upper spot on primaries, the spots on upper surface of secondaries, which
are usually three, the lenticular and spots on secondaries beneath.
Mr. .Edwards states that both of the larger spots on secondaries beneath
are lenticulate, but in one specimen I have seen, the lower one was dist-
inctly round while the upper was elongate oval; in other respects the
specimen agreed with the typical form. ‘The number of ocelli on upper
surface of secondaries varies from one to three, three being the more
usual number. Mr. Strecker considers this an aberation of alope, but
while it is undoubtedly an offspring from the same stock and _ is closely
related to it, I think we are hardly justified in classing it as an aberation
in view of the agreement between all the specimens heretofore discovered
and the want of really intermediate forms. The colors an Mr. Strecker’s
plates are too dark for this species.

FHlab. Calif., Ariz.. Nev., Col.

S. alope, Fabr. Ent. Syst. III, 1, p. 229 (Papilio); Bd. Lec. Lep.
Am. Sep. pl. 59, larva, pupa and imago of pegale.

A. maritima Edw., Can. Ent. 12, 23; v. Tewana Edw., Can. Ent. 12. 24; form
pegale Fabr. Syst. Ent. 494 (Papilio); form nephele Kirby, Faun. Bor. Am. IV,
297 (Hipparchia); incana Edw. C. F. 12, 91; v. olympus Edw. Can. Ent. 12, 31;
vy. boopis Behr. Pr. Cal. Ac. Nat. Sc. III, 164; v. ariane Bd. Ann. Soc, Ent. Fr. 2
new ser. X, 307; v. Gabbii Edw., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. II], 193 (Hipparchia).

This is the most variable of all our species and in times gone by,
its variations have led to differences of opinion among entomologists,
and may lead to more. In Mr Edward's article ‘‘On certain species of
Satyrus” in Vol, 12 of the Canadian Entomologist he gives the synonomy

128 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. April 1884]

of this insect as follows: 1 dimorphic from alope var. Texana and mart—
tima; 2 dimorphic from pegale var. imcana; sub species, 1 olympus,
2 boopis. Pegale, ariane and Gabdu are considered as good species, and
reasons for the conclusion are given: my reasons for holding a contrary
opinion will be given in describing the varieties.

The typical a/ope expands nearly two inches, is of a smoky brown
color, with a clear yellow band near the outer margin, broadest in the Q,
and in which are contained two large black spots centred with white, the
latter color surrounded by a few blue scales. They vary in size, and are
not always equal: occasionally there is a distinct 3d ocellus, and more
commonly an additional black dot; rarely one of the ocelli, (the lower)
disappears entirely, or is indicated by a black spot. The secondaries have
usually a small ocellus near anal angle, often one or two small spots in
addition thereto, while in many instances the wing is entirely immaculate.
Beneath, the primaries reproduce the yellow band and ocelli; the second-
aries have near the outer margin from 0 to 6 ocelli, the number most
often complete in the °' and the spots most often entirely wanting in
the Q. Of this typical form, Mr. Edwards has described var. maritima,
which is somewhat smaller, ground color darker, more blackish, and the
yellow of the band more reddish. ‘This variety and all the intergrades
with xephele he took at Martha’s Vineyard. The same variety has been
taken on Long Island, and I took several specimens the past summer in ~
the pine barrens of southern New Jersey which however fully equalled
in size the ordinary run of alofe.

Var. Zexana Edw. is of a paler brown, the band more ochrey, the
anal ocellus complete and always present, the ocelli beneath always six
in number, larger than in the tvpe form, centred with white, and sur—
rounded by an ochrey ring. ‘This it the extreme southern form, and the
transition from the darker northern specimens is gradual.

Form pegale Fabr. It is difficult to place this insect either as a species
or asa variety. A variety as that term is ordinarily used is is not—yet
there are intermediate forms which connect it with the true alope. ‘That
it breeds true to itself in certain localities is certain, that it varies, and in
some places produces forms not to be distinguished from a/ope I hope to
prove. ‘The southern and type form of pegale expands nearly 2.5 inches
is of a more reddish and with but a single ocellus (the upper.) The sec-
ondaries have a complete anal ocellus surrounded by yellow and beneath
are six similar ocelli. The second ocellus of primaries is however very

[April 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 129

often present either perfect, or as a more or less distinct black dot. In
1880, Mr. Edwards knew of only solitary examples taken north of Vir-
ginia, along the Atlantic coast. In.1882 however, Mr. E..M. Aaron of
Phila. and Mr. S. F. Aaron, his brother, collected the species in large
numbers in So. N. J., and the past summer (1883) I collected specimens
in the pine barrens of the same State; in small numbers it is true, and all
with two ocelli, and of a somewhat smaller size (2 inches) than the south-
ern specimens; but except for the difference in size, there is not a point
of disagreement with them. Some a/ofe from Long Island entirely fill
the slight gap left by my N. J. specimens between typical a/ope and typical
pegale. It must be remembered too that typical a/ofe varies also in the
direction of a single ocellus in the yellow band. I believe that somewhere
in Southern N. J. in the Pineries, will be found that belt in which pegale
and a/ope fly together and intergrade. Pegale has been caught by Mr.
Aaron and myself, and I know that a/ope has been caught there by others
as well as myself. What I claim for pegale, is the same relation to @ope.in
one direction, that is borne by mephele in the other. The alofe figured
in Bd. and Lec. is certainly this species, and in my copy, the larva
has the yellow stripe across the feet, the upper white stripe is yellowish
and the intervening space green, stippled with black, It agrees very well
with Mr. Edwards description of some forms of aloge larva; the chrysalis
is different from that of alofe, but slightly so, and perhaps but little more
so than in olympus which is classed as an undoubted variety.

Form nephele Kirby. The difficulty with pegade is repeated in this
species, but as the fact that it intergrades with @/ope is entirely well settled,
I need only briefly describe it. Generally smaller than a/ofe, seldom ex—
panding more than 1.5 inches; color darker, more blackish, the yellow
band entirely wanting, the ocelli reduced in size, sometimes without centre,
and. occasionally only with a hazy yellowish areole round the spots: the
anal ocellus is usually present, and beneath, the full number of ocelli on
secondaries is usually more or less completely indicated. From this type
form there are variations in the direction of a/ofe in certain localities, and
principally in the catskill mountains. ‘These intergrades fill up the differ-
ence in size between the type forms, the ocellate spots of primaries be-
come larger, and from an indistinct yellowish ring, up to the complete
yellow band, all intergrades are found. I have collected all the forms, in
the vicinity of Lexington, N. Y., and in the Shandaken gap, a place
very much like Stony clove, and but a few miles west from it. On the
hills in the medows I find the intergrades most numerous, a few

130 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. April 1884]

typical alope forms, but very few zephele: in the deep valley beginning
near Westkill, the reverse is the case: a typical a/ope isa rarity, but the
intergrades and the mephele type are common.

Var. doopis Behr. This variety is distinguished from nephele princip-
ally by the fact that it occurs in Calif. and the Western States, and by the
absence of ocelli beneath, on secondaries, In size and general appearance
the insect resembles a ephele intergrade in the Q, and in aseries of spec-
imens from the catskills compared with a like series from W.T., specimens
precisely identical were found. The {‘ most closely resembles, the ¢j of
the the type wephele, but the W. T. and California specimens have as a
whole, a smaller number of ocelli on secondaries; never having six, though
one specimen has five. It is at most a poor variety.

Var. olympus Edw. This form is the one prevalent west of the Miss-
issippi, and is also found in Ills. It is like the typical zephele but some—
what darker as a rule: I cannot seperate some specimens of mephele from
the catskills, from typical o/ympus from’ Mont., Ind. T. & W. T., though
Mr. Edwards claims that both larva and chrysalis have become modified.
Judging from my series of imagines, this is but a poor variety at best.

Var. arzane Bd. Mr. Edwards (1. c.) seems not to have any great
faith in the validity of this species, and thinks it may be matched by a
series of mephele, 1 have one example from Soda Springs labelled avzane
by Mr, Edwards and agreeing with the description of the species. From
W. T. collected by the survey, 1 have rg specimens selected from a series
of 40—50 with the view of getting specimens showing variations. Eleven
of these examples areQ Qand of these, three agree perfectly with the soda
springs example, and the others run gradually into doors: six of the spec-
imens have additional or rudimentary ocelli, four with one on each side
of the lower ocellus, and two with one on the lower side only. But one
d shows an additional ocellus, the others run to the doopzs type, and so
gradually and completely, that some specimens can be with equal pro-
priety placed in either variety. Of doopzs, the collection shows but 3 9 @
(i. e. my selection of the catch) while there are 7 (1/1, and with the ¥
ariane a full and unbroken line from one into the other is formed. The
chief point relied upon by Mr. Edwards to distinguish arzane is an in—
dentation in the outer line of the band of secondaries opposite the cell,
which is wanting in type aloge or nephele, and is very distinct in typical
ariane; but my series shows the gradual obsolescence of this feature in
ariane, and indications of it in undoubted doopis. Above, arzane strongly
resembles the catskill intergrades, having the ocelli surrounded by yel-

! [April 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 131
: i
i

_ lowish rings (Qs more particularly) often so large that they join and form
a clouded, irregular band. The anal ocellus is sometimes complete, often
entirely absent, but more usually faintly indicated. Beneath, on second-
aries the ocelli vary in number; never entirely absent, but always more
or less indistinct. One Q specimen is peculiar in the strong markings,
mimicing Baronz in this respect: the under surface is unusually pale: the
apices of primaries, and space beyond the discal band of secondaries is
distinctly greyish white: the lines bounding the discal band of second—
aries are very distinct and dark, and are continued across the primaries:
the intervening space is darker than the other portions of the wing, and
the appearance is as ofa distinct dark band across both wings: there is
a small third ocellus on primaries, pupilled on underside only. Above,
the appearance does not differ from typical specimens.

|
:

Var. zcana Edw. Of this variety a single typical example is among
my selection, and several intermediate forms connecting it with Jdoopzs.
On the upper side the forms are not distinguishable from eastern nephele;
beneath, this variety is gray white, most evidently so at the apex of prim-
aries and at the extra discal area of secondaries. Several other specimens
are paler than typical o/ympus or doopis, and the connection is so complete
and gradual, that I cannot believe this form entitled to a distinct varietal
name.

In the Can, Ent. (doc. cit.) Mr. Edwards very fully described the larva
of this species'and some of its varieties.

Var. Gabbu Edw. ‘This species I saw in Mr. Hy. Edward’s collect-
ion, and find it nothing but a variety of zephele with pale underside and
distinct ocelli. The ¥f' above is like mephele, except that there are usually
two ocellate spots on secondaries; beneath, as above mentioned very pale,
and the ocellate spots distinct. The Q is much paler, with a broad
clouded yellowish band on fore wings, and an obscure yellowish shade on
the outer half of secondaries, but not stronger than in some specimens of
ariane that I have seen. Secondaries with from two to four spots above.
Beneath, general color paler than in the ¢‘; the discal stripe in both
sexes obsolete, resembling the Zexana variety,

Hab. Utah to Oregon. Expands as nephele,

S. Meadii, Edw. Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. IV, 79 (Hrebia). Mead, Wheeler’s
Rep. V, 774.

This species is most nearly allied to the Sz/vestras series, and is easily

known by the rufous tint of the primaries, usually most distinct beneath,

132 BULLETIN BROOKLYN EN'TOM. SOC. VOL. VI. April 1884. ]

and in the extra discal space above; on the upper side often only the ocelli
are faintly ringed, while usually an indefinite band is formed, and some-
times the rufous tint is entirely wanting in which case the insect looks
like a small mephele except for the more pointed wings. The anal ocellus
of secondaries is more or less distinctly present in all the specimens I have
seen, but in the ¢{' often lacks the pupil. The ocellate spots in the
primaries vary in number: in the 9, two distinct pupilled ocelli are found
in all the specimens I have seen: 1n the ( some have one complete
ocellus, the second indicated by a mere dot, others have two complete
ocelli while in one specimen there is a second occelus, smaller than,

and touching the upper, and a distinct black dot between this and
the lower ocellus. Beneath, the primaries are more suffused with
reddish, the tint varying in intensity. In one Q specimen the
rufous tint is very faint, and the maculation and destribution of the
marking precisely agree with the zzcana form of nephele. The second-
aries have the discal band as in the a/opfe group, the extra discal space
varies in color in my. series, from dark brown to pale grey, and the spots
number from 1 to 6 and vary in size and distinctness in all the specim-
‘ens seen—in fact I have not yet seen two specimens of this species which
-were exactly alike.

Expands 1¢ to 1s inches. Had. Mont

A. sthemele Bd. Ann. Soc. Fr. 2me ser. X, 308: Strk., Lep. Rhop. et
Het. p. 30, pl. 4, var. Paulus Edw. Can. Ent. 11, 50.

ee the 1 is like doopis or sylvestres, the anterior ocellae usually
pupilled, the posterior usually blind and occasionally obsolete; a blackish
dash below the cell; fringes pale, cut with dark, but variable in this re-
spect; anal spot of secondaries more or less distinct in most specimens,
but occasionally wanting. Beneath paler; primaries with the ocelli larger,
‘more distinct, with yellow rings. Secondaries with an irregular dark
brown mesial band, very strongly marked; the i inner margin crenate, the |
outer dentate and scolloped: at either side of this band the wing is very
pale gray, gradually shading to dark brown at base and outer margin,
The Q is larger, paler, the ocellate spots of primaries with yellowish rings,
and sometimes there is an indistinct clouded band, approaching: the alope
type. The ocelli of secondaries vary from 1—6, usually 2 or 3.

Expands 1.2 to 1? inches. ad. Cal., Nev., Mont., W. T.

From the collection made by the survey I have 14 specimens and
from Mr. Graef and in my collection I have several more, the sexes about
equally represented and varying from sthenele to type paulus, though none
are quite as strongly marked as California examples of s¢henele.

{April 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 138

The species is easily distinguished from sy/vestris by the form of the in-
ner margin of discal band of secondaries, and by the distinct line bounding
the extra discal pale space of primaries. Mr. Edwards seems to have
taken a dark Q for the © of paulus because he says the black sexual dash
is wanting, In all my of specimens, unquestionably type paulus, it is
present. The only difference I can find between paulus and sthenele is
that the former is larger, the contrast of color on secondaries is less mark-
ed, the outer margin of discal band is not quite so irregular, and the
ocelli are usually more completely represented. However my, series en-
tirely fills the differences between the two, In Mr. ae Edward’s ocilest.
tion I have seen type sthenele from California. :

S. Baroni, Edw. Can. Ent. 12, 91.

Of this species I have 2 ¢'s and 1 Q from Montana, decidedly be-
longing to this species, but differing somewhat from the typical form de-
scribed by Mr. Edwards: the latter is “of a cinereous brown, a little dusky
over the basal area of fore wings; the underside is light brown with a
yellow tint throughout, and over the whole area beyond the discal stripe
on hind wing there is a gray shade either whitish or brown gray. On this
part of the wing the fine dark streaks are obliterated, and the two stripes
being heavy and dark, while the intervening space is also darker than other
parts of the wing, there is a strong contrast of color between the extra
discal area, and this so-formed band. The indentation in the outer stripe
of ariane is here present. but is deeper. The small ocelli are normally
six, but in half the examples they are more or less wanting, and are al-
ways very small.” The females are a little larger and paler (especially
beneath) than the males, On the upper side. the primaries have two
ocellate spots usually more or less indistinct, and always more distinct in
the Qs. The anal ocellus of secondaries is sometimes present, sometimes
absent, and in no specimen that I have seen is it complete.

Mr. Edwards compares the species with arzane, but it seems to be-
long by the wing form rather to the present group. My Montana speci-
mens agree perfectly in maculation and form of discal stripe on second-
aries with the type form, and can be no other species; but the color of
secondaries is rather less contrasting, and while one ({ will fit very well
into the typical series, the others have the extra discal space merely
powdered with grey, and the band is scarcely contrasting.

Expands 13. to 1% inches. Had, Calif. and Mont.

134 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM, SOC. VOL. VI. April 1884}

S. sylvestris Edw. Pr. Ac. N.-Sc. Phil. 1866, 162; oetus Bd. Lep. Cal.
1869, 63,; Edw. ae Ent. 12, 55 (pr. syn.); phocus Edw., Tr. A. E. _ Soc. Ve 14;
var. charon Edw. ‘Ir. A. E. Soc. Wy, 69.

The co form of this species is of the usual smoky brown, color,
the ¥' with /wo small blind ocelli on primaries and the usual black. sexual
dash beneath the cell The under side is tinted yellow, the ocelli are
larger, pupilled and ringed with yellow. . Secondaries with a broad discal
band, more or less distinctly marked, outlines very irregular “on the outer
side against the cell two long serrations projecting with a sharp and deep
sinus, between them”, on the inner side dentate and scolloped. . The Os
are larger, paler, markings beneath more distinct, -ocelli of primaries
above, larger, pupilled and ringed, anal ocellus of secondaries usually
present. Mr. Edwards refers oe/vs Bd. as a synonym. and as he has the
type he is probably correct in this.

var. charon Edw. Mr. Edwards says of this insect, comparing ie.
with sylvestris, that it is usually smaller, the ¢' with a sg blind ocellus,
the Q with two ocelli with faint yellow rings. Beneath, yellow tinted,
secondaries sometimes with a faint gray shade beyond the band; primaries
with two. complete ocelli, the rings yellow, but the lower one often, re--
duced to a black dot.

‘Phocus Edw. ‘This is said to bee a Ge tehion of Lia au ohele
larger, beneath without gray, the band, of secondaries frequently wholly ;
absent but’ sometimes sufficiently indicated to show that itis like .
sylvestris.

_ Taken together all these ‘forms are separated from all our other -
species ‘by the jagged outlines of the inner margin of the discal band of
secondaries, and by the lack of a complete transverse line on“ the under »
side of | primaries just within the ocelli—a character which Mr. Edwards
doés not seem to mention ‘in his paper. In most spécimens there is no
trace of it, but in a few it is badly indicated and is so far as my material
is concerned, never’ come,

‘In the series before me are 15 sylvesirts, 10’ charon and ‘6 phocus, the
os predominating in the proportion of 2 to‘1;: most of these are from ~
the collections of the survey, but some are on Calif, Nev., Mont.’and ©
Col. The specimens from W. T. were carefully darneted from the large
number collected, as variations, and I have ‘formed a complete series from
phocus to sylvestris. | have specimens (j*) with two distinct ocelli; (blind
always) with one distinct and one faint; ditto on one wing, one. only on

[April 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 135

the other; a single distinct ocellus; a small ocellus; and two specimens in
which the ocelli are obsolete and only perceptible *hrough the wing, as a
faint shadow from the under side.. Beneath, the ocelli are much more
distinctly marked in all forms, two in number, often both complete, but
in many.cases the lower one reduced in size and without centre. The
secondaries. vary.in the number of ocelli from none at all, to six; usually
four, and these mere white dots, sometimes with a darker circle (in pale
specimens): in color they vary from grayish white with a very distinct
discal band, to dark yellowish brown; the band remaining distinct, the
borders black; in another direction the variation tends to the more uni-
form distribution of color: the discal band becomes obsolete, and the
wing becomes of a uniform yellowish to dark brown. color. All shades
of.color and all grades of distinctness of marking are represented, and
while it is possible to range most of the specimens under the three forms
here described, there are some which fit equally well in either, and the
conclusion that they are one and the same is irresistable.

It follows from the preceeding, that the species of the genus Sa/rus
should be arranged as follows: .

Grovr I. . Group I.

1 Wheeleri Zazw,. 3. Meadiu-Zaw.

Hoffmant Strk.
2 alope Faér.
form pegale Faér.
form alope Faér.
v. maritima Ldw.

v, Texana Edu”
_ form nephele Kirby.

v. boopis Behr.
ancana Edw.,
v. olympus Law.
v, ariane Bd.
v, Gabbii Edw.

4 sthenele 2d.

v. paulus Law.
5 Baroni Ldw.
6 Silvestris Zazw.
oetus Bd.
var. charon Ldvw.
phocus Edw.

————> +. + a ;
Carabidz confined to single plants.
Although'many species of Carabidz are frequently met with on
various plants, especially at night time, yet it is but natural to expect
from their predatory habits that they are not confined to single species or
genera of plants Still there are among the bark-living species a few
that are thus confined, ¢. g. certain European species of Dromius and, in

136 ‘BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. April 1884]

our country, Morio monihicornis and, perhaps, Psydrus piceus, which, with
their larvee, live under pine bark. A small number of other species
(Aetophorus, Demetrias, Odacantha) live in Europe preferable within the
stems of Phragmites, and our Dromuus atriceps Lec. appears to have simi-
lar habits as it was found to occur in Jarge numbers within the dried
stems of a stout grass growing in thick bunches near the beach at Fortress
Monroe, Va. A fourth species in our fauna, Oxofa floridana Horn, is,
in my experience, confined to the Cabbage Palmetto (Sadal palmetio) as
all specimens observed thus far by Mr. Hubbard and myself were in-
variably found upon the leaves of that tree concealed between the ribs
and not easily dislodged from their hiding places. A larva found at the
same place seems.to belong to this Onota which no doubt feeds upon
the numerous larve of other species that live between the leaf-ribs. As
Onota floridana is one of the most conspicuous species of our Lebiinee it
could not have been easily overlooked should it occur also under other
conditions and I believe that it must be added to the fauna peculiar. to
the Palmetto tree. This fauna is very rich in species and contributes
much to distinguish the Coleopterous fauna of Florida at once from that
of the other Southern States. E. A. Scuwarz, Washington, D. C.
= at 0 0 oe

Description of the genus ENDEODES (Malachide)
by Joun L. Leconte, M. D.
Reprint from James Thomson's Arcana Naturce. Paris 1850, vol. ITI, p. 122.
ENDEODES, /«.

This genus while agreeing with AZe/estus in the absence of wings and
the shortness of elytra differs essentially in the anterior tarsi of the male,
the second joint of which is obliquely prolonged above as far. as the end
of the third joint, precisely asin many species of Anthovomus:, the epi—
stoma is membranous and quite distinct, while in AZe/estus it is described
as indistinct. ‘These two characters are sufficient to warrant the Cali—
fornian species [of Azelestus basalis Lec., Proc. Ac. Phila., VI, 168, San

' Diego Cal.] being considered-as a distinct genus. To this genus also be-

long Aéelestus abdominals and collaris Lec. 1. c., also from the coast of
California; in the first the head and thorax are red, in the latter, the
thorax alone.

Thomson’s Arcana Naturz being extremely scarce and containing. but the’ aboye
description of a new genus, we have reprinted it, Besides this it contains the description
of 21 species, formerly published in North American periodicals and the figures of
20 of these species. SS i

INDEX YO VOL. VI.

Cramer, A. W.P.,

Ovaroig Am phidasisncosmatanian sae sessment ey: Tarr si ae 48
Holland, M.J.,D.D.,

@llawEodinidas cae tense se See ses ce = Fe SO NG OE A eo ae ee Ee ta 45
Horn, Geo. H., M. D.

SVNOpilcstalbl erot eseudomonpiia a: oh seers eels ee cree 16

Synopsis of Tachycellus, (description of a new species a DYis) eae 51

Synopsis of Discoderus, (description of a new species robustus.)........ 02
Hulst, Geo. D.

INOLESHOMESOMUETS CSING CE eo ca/e baie Al eNom re can Maal anbsea)a chal eieitintaree 8

SRG THEY INE MISC ANG \Y/ENBIETTIG) CSS Bion uae oinir cic a ue GUIE aaa oo oly die casts 69

A communication im reference to Arctia Nais...........:....--..-..-- 120
Riley, C. V.

(Uin, 2, epllllaiinm ans oernblss Oi AOMORI, o> oo cons poo ceneacdenuned0 accuas 61

RDescrprionvompLodapioneallicolay mn Speeaeeeer tela serene 62

Schaupp, F.G.

IBD loniss Wore TeMsTnayes COO) OWEOWIS IERNED 56565 -00-ca-400n00s adgbns conser 11
Cicindelee, p. 11; Carubidee, p. 16; Necrophorus and Silpha, p. 17.
Wood-boring larvee, p. 18; Bark and bast-loving larve, p. 18;
Dungbeeiles, p. 19.

List of Carabidae found in the Neighborhood of New York City. 29 and 71

INolupimics tani cene rye pone Nepean satel. rel.) ivy ce. s eetementeaey Maa eT NR ciao teastse et ieee ae 30
Ibemne, Gi Callern@alley, SHEMIBIMIAG co. ocanscccccasuee oun nosqodsasounode 54
SOMA wHlolley oie Cnoinclelhileas ove ane esocon DobouUmeod Hodddoebeoudioc 73
Remarks and Descriptions of new species............-.:2..eeceeee eee 121

Obituary. Jonn L. Lecontr, I --IX
Schwarz, E A.

Caraidaccontinedttorsimelenplantsae sn eaeemnee aca oe dele inc eee 135
Smith, J. B.

Mordellide, Notes and Descriptions............ Hae a Siegen puree 3

Onjthey Anatomy, ofthewN: AW Noctiidaerss- asses tae sees ne 19, 33, 46

Synopsis of the genera of the N. A. Rhopalocera.............. ....... 37

Olona mows Or. IDie, ds te INOS. Ses oc 4 coca soos eaue sbi ones boone. 48

Synopsis of the Ne Asispecies of Satyrussebe- 2.22 ye 3-8 2 seed nous 125

Editors Department.

Preserving duplicates, p. 12; book notice (on Grote’s Moths of New Mex. 12
Alypia octomaculata, Osa list, Mounting microscopic beetles, ‘Lo keep
out Dermestes, To wash old dirty specimens p. 24. Longevity of beetles
Man-eating Lucilia, Seashore collecting p. 36. Trap for Heterocera, Fruit
Insects, (notice of W. Saunder’s.) p. 60. Beetle trap 120.

138 INDWX,

Synoptic tables cf Coleoptera. :
Cicindel:dae 73, Stenolophus 15, Acupalpus 15, Pseudomorpha 16, Cala-
thus 49, Bradycellus 50, ‘lachycellus 51, Discoderus, 52, Agonoderus 53.

Synoptic tables of Lepidoptera.
Limenitis 5, Hresia 25, Synchloe 26, Cystineura Anartia 28, Hurema,
Ageronia 55; Hunica, Calicore 56, Timetes 57, Victorina 58, Heterochroa 59,
Aganisthos 59, 115, Vanessa, Grapta 65, Apatura 113, Paphia 116, Neo-
nympha 117, Satyrodes 119, Satyrus 125.

Reprints of \. M. Hentz’ Descriptions of some new species of N. A. Insects,
p- 63; Hentz’ Description of eleven new species of N. A. Insects p. 109.
Leconte’s Description of the genus Endeodes p. 136.

iirrata et Addenda.

Page 5 line 18 for “thonght” read thought.
« 6 ‘“ Y5 for “‘surfacer” read surface.
13) °° 28 for “hnd” read hind.
« 92 « 32 for ‘the middle °f and” read the <'; the middle and.
«« 33 “* 32 for “formed” read found.
«¢ 633 ** 34 after ‘‘inner” omit are.
«© 36‘ 1 for “tables” read Department.
‘« 36 “ 11 for ‘“‘stook” read took.
ce 38 “ 628 omit ‘* Chrysalis”.
« 45 “ 5 for “Achylodes” read Achlyodes.
«« 62 ** 14 for ‘‘socond” read second.
« 66 « 4 from bottom for ‘197, pl. 35, Pearson;” read I, 97. pl. 25, Caulfield.
“ 67 “ 4 for ‘‘Kdwl. ¢.” read Tr. A. Ent. Soc.
« 67 ‘* 10 before 378 insert 2,
« 67 ‘* 20 for “‘Fdw” read Hdw., also for “pl. 2” read pl. 3.
* 68 ** 13 after Kd. Butt. N. A. insert 2.
« 682 ** 30 for ‘“‘Querin” read Guerin.
OG (Bi 6G) BN) ce a of eu
*« lof No. 8 (Dec. 1883) line 8 for ‘-Philapelphia” read Philadelphia.
*¢ 85 line 14 for [ Pitatei| read [ Pilatei.]
«« 113 ‘ 12 for “There” read Three.
“121 “20 for ‘‘perpurea” read purpurea.
<< 124 « 12 second column for ‘‘inarginatis” read marginalis..
«© 127 ‘* 18 for ‘‘the lenticular and” read and the lenticular.
e128) <<! 1s Bi for “trom read! form:
« 128 * 3 from bottom, for ‘is of a more reddish,” readis of a deep, dark
smoky brown, the yellow band distinct, more reddish.
«« 130 ** 10 omit ‘“‘the” at the beginning of the line.
The word ‘‘sylvesiiis,”” wherever it occurs in the synopsis of satyrus should
be silvestris.

BOLLETIN

HArvooklyn Entomological

SOCIKTY.

VOLUME VIL

BROOKLYN, E. D.

MAY 1884. wo APRIL 1885.

A

poe FEVO 4 | ee LN
De UW wm wm C, Mea)
=O: Wits —

Brooklyn Entomological Society.

VOLE Vr: BROOKLYN, MAY, 1884. NOs’ i.

To our Friends and Subscribers, Greeting.

We present you herewith number one of the seventh volume of our
Bulletin. In vol. VI we tried the experiment of enlarging our paper,
and presenting a somewhat greater variety of matter. The promises nade
in the Introductory we think were kept, so far as space allowed us to
keep them. The support accorded to us was not all we had hoped for,
but was still sufficient to encourage us to preserve. We shall make the
numbers of the present volume of the same size as those of the last—12
pages. We shall, as in that volume, present Synopses of both Coleoptera
and Lepidoptera; some descriptions of new species; life histories; de-
scriptions of larva; papers of general interest; and a series of introductory
articles on Coleoptera and Lepidoptera: designed, in the case of Coleop-
tera as an introduction and aid to the use of the ‘‘Classification”; and in
the case of Lepidoptera, to explain to beginners and_ students generally
the characters of the families and genera, and how to place, at least
approximately, any lepidopterous insect that may be found. These
papers will be illustrated. In number 2 or 3 we will begin a monograph
of the American Ca/o-a/a, to be illustrated by a plate giving structural
peculiarities.

We earnestly ask that our friends do aid us; first, by sending in
items of interest, and occasional articles; second, by recommending our
paper to their entomological friends; third, by sending in their subscript-
ions at as early a date as possible.

Money orders should be made payable to the society, and they, as
well as all communications should be addressed to Joun B. Smiru, Editor,
290 Third Ave., Brooklyn, N.Y.

THE PUBLICATION COMMITTEE.

2 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL May 1884. ]

v
Acronycta betulae, N. Sp.
By Pror. C. V. RILEy.

An interesting and easily recognized species. of the genus Acronycta
has, to some extent, been distributed by me under the above MS, name
and I would herewith characterize it: ‘

Acronycta betulae, N. Sp.
Average expanse 37 mm. Gen-

eral color clay—yellow or pale
buff with silver-gray hues. Ma-
culation subobsolete, except the
t.p. line. Form of body and
wings most nearly approaching
tritona, i.e. primaries short,
broad and with apex rectangu—
lar. None of the ordinary lon—

gitudinal marks at base or be- Acronycta_betulae: a larva, dorsal view; fimago-nat.
tween veins I and 2 or 6 and 7: size: 6 a middle segment of larva, dorsal view; ¢ do. side
; A view; @ portion of larval skin showing spinose covering;
the ordinary maculation much e cremater of pupa with'spines, dorsal view.

as in innotata but in faint fuliginous and sienna; orbicular usually quite obsolete; where
indicated it is by relief basally of the t.a. paler line and posteriorly by the paler space
between it and the reniform which is more plainly indicated, especially on the basal side,
by a sienna border. ‘I.p. line as in Giraefii, the inner angle between veins 6 and 7 more
pronounced but without the tooth of tritona, the outer angle on vein I more pronounced
and acute; well relieved basally by silver-gray and posteriorly by a sienna-brown line
and coincident subterminal shade. Posterior border usually shows a distinct pale
line, the fringes being either of the general hue or darker with paler interruptions on
the veins. Secondaries well rounded, clay—yellow with very faint discal and trans—
verse, fuliginous shade. Head and thorax concolorous with primaries except a slender
brown streak on outside border of tegulze. Under surface uniformly pale clay—yellow
with discal and transverse shade on secondaries intensified, and similar shades on pri—
maries, the transverse line strongly elbowed: borders of wings, especially of secondaries,
may also be dotted with brown though usually concolorous: antennz: beneath, front
tarsi and a patch on outside of palpi dark brown.

6 usually more strongly marked than Q. Claspers of j' consisting of a long
curved hook with a broad excavate main shank and an inferior broad tooth or projection
having parallel sides.

Described from 9 <j's 4 Qs reared from larvee feeding on Betula nigra.

Larva. Average length when full grown 38 mm. Color greenish-gray before
last molt with a whitish medio-dorsal, and an undulating sulphur—yellow subdorsal
line, more or less distinct. After last molt vinous-brown without the, dorsal lines.
Sparsely covered (head and legs included) with short white or gray hairs arising from
pale papillze and thickest at sides and subventrally, so as to give a somewhat gastropa—
chiform aspect. The general surface of the body which appears smooth to the naked eye

[May 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 3

is thickly and evenly beset with minute black points. Ordinary piliferous spots papill-
ose and pale except on dorsum where they are black with pale papille, usually 3
papillze to each spot, except on thoracic joints where there are more, Head rather
small, the tops of lobes reddish-brown the face pale yellowish with distinct black mott-
lings on the cheeks and bordering the red top. Stigmata with black annulus.

Pupa. Highly polished. Abdominal joints above sparsely and_ shallowly
punctate. Cremaster consisting of asmall seriesof converging ridges dorsally, and
ending in some six or more short, almost straight spines in a horizontal row.

A strongly marked species. In some of the paler specimens there
is a suggestion of olivaceous; while the darker specimens have more uni-
formly gray primaries with the strongly relieved t.a. pale line, and brown
reniform and subterminal space as the most prominent features.

The larva while young is found on the leaves and corresponds therto
in general color. After the last molt it rests stretched on. the thickest
branches of the tree and is fond of hiding in dark recesses, For pupation
it forms a slight cocoon either among leaves or in old wood on the
ground, or on the trunk of the tree. There are two annual generations
at Washington, the first larvae occuring in July and the second brood in
October: while the first moths from hibernated pupz appear in April
and the second brood in August.

The species, both in the characters ofits larva and of the ¥\ genitalia,
shows affinities with that group of the genus which includes morula, occt-
dentahs, furcifera, hasta, lobehe and radchffii; while the genitalia, alone
considered, would separate it from zmgfata with which, especially the
form Gr@jfu, it otherwise shows the closest relationship. My studies of
the genitalia of the genus have, however, so far led to no definite con-
clusions as to their real value in classification.

New Species of Noctuidae.
By Joun B. Smits.

The following descriptions are published in advance from the manu-
script of an exhaustive monograph of the Woctuide in preparation by
myself and Prof. C. V. Riley. To save trouble in changing the name,
should the species be described by some other author before the mono-
graph is published.

Demas flavicornis, 0. sp. Of a pale ash-gray color, sprinkled with black.
Head paler, antennze yellow. Primaries with base somewhat whitish on costal half;

t.a. line very faintly indicated, and apparently oblique. Median space darker, relieved
only by the pale punctiform orbicular. Beyond this dark median space, the wing is

4 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. May 1884. ]

nniformly gray, crossed by a slightly darker s.t. shade, outwardly determinate and
somewhat dentate. Secondaries and abdomen uniformly mouse- gray. Beneath,
whitish gray; primaries rather darker through centre.

Expands 1.30 inch. 34 mm. Aad. New Jersey.

This is the first species of this genus hitherto discovered in our fauna.
Demas is characterized by naked eyes; soft membraneous tongue; un—
armed legs; and by having the accessory cell of primaries on a stalk
beyond the discal cell. :

The type of the present species is in Mr. Graef’s collection,

Bomolocha umbralis, n. sp. Color even, dull, smoky brown, prim-
aries flecked with scattered violet scales, most numerous just. beyond the t.p. line and
at the apex. T-.a. line scarcely discernible, broad, diffuse, hardly darker than ground
color, thrice scolloped in its course. Tp. line distinct, dark, outwardly shaded by a
narrow white line, and a few violet scales. S.t. line very faintly traceable as a zig-zag
pale line. A row of terminal black dots. Stigmata obsolete; the small punctiform
orbicular only visible. Secondaries evenly colored, immaculate. Beneath immaculate,
somewhat paler ground color above.

Expands 1.12 inch. 29 mm. fad. Florida.

This species is very distinct from all others heretofore described, in
maculation and wing form; toa certain extent connecting Bomolocha with
Hypena. The primaries while normally wide, have the apices acute, and
slightly produced, while the secondaries are proportionately larger than
in the other species of the genus. It is perhaps nearest to the /efulus
variety of decepfalis, but differs from it and indeed all others, in the ow#-
wardly oblique curve of the t.p. line.

One Q specimen furnished the type.

Hypena decorata, ». sp. Primaries of a yellowish-brown ground color,
with transverse lines and subapical shade darker, more blackish; a paler whitish
shade beyond the t.p. line, and above the subapical darker shade. Along the costa,
there is a series of narrow black lines, which are traceable entirely across the wing,
though, except in the white shade, they are nowhere as distinct as on the costa. T.a.

‘line pale, shaded with dark brown, with a distinct acute outward angulation on the
median vein. In the median space the cell is darker and there is a distinct black dash
connecting the stigmata, which are represented, the orbicular by a round tuft, and the
reniform by a narrow line, of raised scales. Another distinct tuft of raised scales in the
submedian space near the t.p. line. The t.p. line is blackish; straight from costa to the
submedian space, where it forms one broad, scarcely acute tooth. Beyond, the white
shades off into the ground color to outer margin, interrupted by the punctiforms.t. line
and the subapical black shade. Secondaries uniformly smoky. Beneath, smoky.
Primaries with the discal dot, a transverse line and terminal shade, darker, and two
small costal dots near apex bluish white. Secondaries with a discal darker trans-
verse line? ;

4

»

[May 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM, SOC. VOL. VII. 5

Expands 1,25—1.35 inches, 33—to 36 mm. AHaé. Cal. Vance.

In wing form this species is close to HZ californica Behr. differing
however in maculation. The specimens of both species vary widely in
ground color, in the distinctness of maculation, and in the course of the
ordinary lines. The t.p. line however is constant, and serves to at once
distinguish the species. In cadifornica this line is inwardly oblique, and
in the submedian space makes a long acute zzward angulation, whereas
in the present form, the line is nearly straight and the angulation is out-
ward. It can not be confounded with either of the other described
species and need not therefore be distinguished from them. Both sexes
are in Mr. Hy. Edward’s collection.

Helia borealis n. sp. Primaries glistening brownish black, immaculate.
Secondaries paler also immaculate. Beneath dark ash-gray, immaculate.

Expands .75 inch.. 20 mm. Had. Maine, N. Y., D.C.

A rather common species, closely allied to /uéricais but entirely im-
maculate and uniformly smaller. It belongs to the genus Pseudaglossa of
Mr. Grote, which can be regarded only as a section of Hela (Eprzeuxis Hb.)

H. occidentalis new var. of lubricalis. Larger, paler and more
evenly colored than the type form. The white lines and shades are broad, distinct and

sharply outlined; the usual dark lines obsolete, not darker than the ground color. Sec-
ondaries also paler throughout than in the type form.

Expands 1 4 inches. //aé. Calif. Vanc.

Although in general opposed to the wholesale creation of varieties,
yet this form is so much larger, more evenly colored and so constant in
the districts in which it occurs, that it is entitled to be considered at least
as a geographical ‘‘race” or variety, and to remove all temptation to de—
scribe it as a species, I give it a varietal name.

Several specimens are in Mr. Hy. Edward’s collection.

Zanclognatha obsoleta, n. sp. Above, uniform dark obscure brown
or smoky. Primaries with a fairly distinct broad, upright, straight t.a. line, which is
outwardly diffuse and indefinite, and inwardly determinate. The reniform is very
faintly indicated by darker scales, and the t.p. line is traceable by minute blackish
tufts of scales. S,t. line visible as a faint pale shade. Secondaries immaculate. Beneath,

ash—-gray, powdered with ochreous scales. Secondaries with a dark discal dot and two
indistinct darker lines.

Expands 1.25 inch., 32 mm. Aad, Vermont,

A single 9 specimen taken by Mr, C. H. Roberts at Manchester,
pVermt., “Aus, 3, 1883.

The species is nearly allied to 2. demgata Grt. and may eventually
prove to be a variety of it; the dark smoky-brown color and_ lack of de-
finite markings, as compared with the bright yellow or ochreous colors

6 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. May 1884. ]

and distinct maculation of the type, are quite within the range of variation
in the genus: the maculation where traceable is identical with that of
levigata and the characteristic t.a. line is distinct in the specimen before
me. It bears precisely that relation to dewga/a that is borne by mnimalis
and marcidelinea, to ochreipennis and stands on the same footing as a
valid species, with the two former.

Heterogramma palligera, n. sp. Pale clay yellow or Iuteous,
transverse lines and terminal shade, darker. T.a. line narrow, outwardly curved,
sinuate, T.p. line narrow, denticulate or crenulate; angulate outwardly on costa,
thence slightly oblique to the inner margin. A dark transverse shade through the
median space close to p.t. line. Through the dark terminal space, the pale s.t. line.
Beneath paler, faintly reproducing maculation of upper side. In the Q the stigmata
are obsolete; in the J they are distinct, moderate in size, concolorous and broadly
ringed with darker yellow.

Expands .80—.go inches, 21—23 mm. Had. Cal. Fla

Varies considerably in depth of ground color, the males being asa
rule darker than the females, and the Florida specimens, darker and
somewhat smaller than those from California. It seems not uncommon
where found, and flies early, One Florida specimen bearing the date
March 3. Types §\ and Q in my collection, others in Mr. Hy. Edward's
(California) and Prof, C. V. Riley’s (Florida) collection. The latter taken
by Mr. Koebele,

This insect 1s perfectly congeneric with Didone rurigena.
Mr. Grote’s genus being synonymous with that of M. Guenee, Fesro-
gramma must be herafter used for both species.

> 0 i

Hints on Spring Collecting.

It is at this season that collecting under stones is most profitable.
Many of the hybernated species are now found, and many species that
have just left the pupa. Many minute forms also that at other seasons of
the year are scarce, are now plentiful, if they are but carefully sought.
When turning stones, do not select only the large ones, and if you see
nothing under them, drop and leave them; but also take smaller, flat
stones, pick them up and carefully examine the irregulatities and crevices.
Many species which escape observation in other ways are thus found. I
have known a field to be gone over and nothing Lut common stuff found,
and to be revisited half an hour later and dozens of good species collected,
The reason was. the last collector was careful and searched closely; the
first was in a hurry, desired to cover a large territory and found only larger
and common forms. Cuas, FucHs.

[May 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 7

SYNOPSES OF COLEOPTERA.

In our previous volumes, the synopses have been almost entirely of
Cicindehidae and Carabidae. The first family was completely monographed
in our last volume: of the Caradzdae there remain only a few of the large
confused genera such as Harpalus, Amara, Brachinus, Bembidium and
Tachys. These are in sad confusion, and need thorough study, which

can not at present be accorded them; partly because Dr. Leconte’s col—

lection, which contains not only types, but also many new forms, is just
now inaccessible for purposes of study; and also, because Dr. Horn who
had agreed to do this work, is too much pressed with other business to
devote that careful attention and study to these groups, which they de—
mand. As soon as possible we will present synopses of these genera.
Meanwhile Mr. Chas. W. Leng, who has for some years past made a
study of the Cerambycidae, has agreed to prepare synopses in this family,
and is to be considered authority for every thing not otherwise credited.

i Be

The family Ceraméycrdae, which contains many of our most hand-
some and graceful insects has a peculiar habitus which renders them dist-
inguishable at a glance. The fourth and fifth tarsal joints are anchylosed,
the former being very small. The antennez are filiform, usually long,
often twice longer than the body, frequently inserted upon frontal pro—
minences: front often vertical, large and quadrate: prono/um rarely marg-
ined: tibial spurs distinct.

Three subfamilies are recognized. distinguished as follows in the
“classification”.

Prothorax margined; labrum connate................... ... Neichac hema Prionina.
Prothorax not margined; labrum free.

PROM (HIDES TNO EAR OOVSCIN Ae a aio OMG EMIG > ou 5) Se Oca een Cerambycine.

IPixointt tabi, Colviguehy eidororeel Coin Wore MNES, 5b obs ebsocedneguvcuonnac Lamiine.
In the first sub-family, Prionme, the species are of large size, the
colors uniform brown or black. The elytra are more or less coriaceous
in appearance, becoming metallic and firmer in some of the genera with
finely granulated eyes.

The tribes and genera into which this sub-family is divided in the
classification may be distinguished as follows.

8 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. May 1884. ]

Eyes strongly granulated.

Prothorax pluridentate on the side.

Mhirdsantennalyomt very long: - ). Vaaememe ie ee) ee ree ERGATINI.
licadusim alse ce eee 2? 5 SR Tene a So ea ios -Ergates.
Third antennal joint moderate, head large.............. .... MALLODONTINI.
’ Mandibles ,{' not longer than head. ...................- "A aa Mallodon.
Mandibles fof much longer than head...... Liseeesesese ue... Gtenodontes,

Prothorax parcidentate at the side.

Metathoracic epimera parallel.

PAmitemmee anllN kona yy es, cis 2s cin adeponeieiectevetaye atachiite bl eg eae DEROBRACHINI.
Hind femora deeply sulcate beneath; punctured.............. Derobrachus.

Hind femora less deeply sulcate; several short elevated ridges
OMMNNMERSUTLACE Les ic. aateueneinge eee VE olen Un ee Orthosom:.
AMMEN eM GICALE efac 2 se) eal 2s fa Sehuapete Muoeo ls Fh ocells ence cecal eee PRIONINI.
Thorax with three acute teeth at side........................ .. - Prionus.
Thorax with a single distinct tooth at side........... Ee ae nee 4 Homeesthesis.
Metathoracic epimera narrowed behind ............... 2.22... TRAGOSOMINI.
Prothorax very hairy; a single acute tooth at sides............... Tragosoma,
Byesfinely granulated oot). i eee he Pees o se: LOS OMUEIe
Prothorax trapezoidal; smooth; obtusely toothed near base .........Sphenosthetus.
Prothorax roughly punctured; acutely toothed behind middle.......... Eiateropsis,

ERGATES, ‘7.

The only genus in our fauna belonging to the tribe Lrgutinz. Pro-
thorax broad and finely punctured in (%'; narrower, sculpture very coarse,
small teeth of lateral margin longer, more acute in Q. Head small, eyes
reniform; antennez slender, 11 jointed, two thirds the length of the body
in Q', half the length of the body in Q, rough with elevated punctures.
Poriferous spaces on 3d joint small, inconspicuous, on the under surface
near the distal end, gradually becoming larger, until the outer joints be-
come entirely poriferous and irregularly reticulated with fine elevated
lines, forming elongate cells, which are much less distinct or scarcely
visible in G'. Our single species is

E. spiculatus Lec. Journ. Ac. N. S. Phila., ser. 2, II, 1852, p. 110: Proc. Ac.
Phil. VII. 218; Entom. Rept. 1857, p. 59, pl. 2. fig. 9a. J’ californicus, White
Longic., VII, 1, p. 37; Lacord. Gen. Col. 1869, p. 96, note 3; Q spiculifer, White
loc. cit., p. 39. :

[May 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 9

The species is blackish or blackish-brown, the elytra of lighter brown
and in © frequently with yellowish transparent spaces. Length 1.75 to
2.50 inches, 55—63 mm. fad. Pacific Slope and N.. Mex.

STENOCDONTES, “rv.

The occurrance of S. mandibularts in Southern Florida requires the
addition of this genus to our fauna. As defined by Serville (Ann. Fr,
1832, p. 173) it differs from AZa//odo in the mandibles which are glab—
rous, and in the G much longer than the head, and in the antennz
which are longer, reaching in the ({‘ two thirds the length of the insect
and about halfin the Q. The species is

§. mandibularis Fab. (Prionus), Syst. El. t. 2, p. 261; exsertus Oliv. Ent. t. 4,
(Ds U7, jolle WADI, tive, Bitte

The insect is dark brown, head and thorax more blackish, elytra
somewhat paler. Easily distinguished by its very large size and the pro—
minent mandibles of the 9. The species is not common in collections,
and is confined in our fauna to Southern Fla. Southward it is more
common. Length 2.75 to 3.25 inches, 65—84 mm. Aad, Southern

Florida.
MALLODON, “err.

This genus also contains species of large size with the sides of the

prothorax armed with numerous small teeth. The head is comparatively

large, the eyes strongly granulated, distant, transverse, feebly emarginate.
Antenne are slender not exceeding half the length of the body in the
and shorter in the Q, The sexual differences are worthy of note. The
prothorax in the ,j\ is nearly quadrate, densely punctured, with smooth
separate facets, while in the Q it is narrowed in front, more coarsely
punctured towards the sides and uneven on the disk. The species may
be distinguished by the following
SYNOPTIC TABLE OF MALLODON,
by G. H. Horn, M. b.

Mandibles nearly horizontal, prolonged in the ¢j'; sutural angle of elytra
spiniform in both sexes.
Metathoracic episterna with inner outline concave.................. mandibularis.
Metathoracic episterna with inner outline straight.............. BS RUA dasystomus,
Mandibles vertical, head somewhat deflexed; sutural angle spiniform J;
rounded ©.
Thorax very decidedly serrate...... RET «| o. OO eA Re eta FRePn eee iene red melanopus.
Wiitoraxmatien chemmlatethamisencate ys... ./ sues nelyeds soc sha do eke serrulatus.

M. mandibuiaris Gemm. Col. Heft. X, 1872, p. 254; gnatho || Lec. Proc. Ac.
Phila. 1858, p. 81; dentiger Lec. 1873, Crotch Check List, p. 82.
This species is recognized by Lacordaire as forming a distinct genus

10 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. May 1884. ]

Nothopleurus. In the 3% the metasternum has two large densely villous
spaces; in the © the same portion is clothed with long soft pubescence.
Color, uniform brown varying with individuals, From dasystomus its
near ally, it differs further by the lack of the bright thoracic facets, by
having the posterior angles obliquely and broadly emarginate, so that a
prominent angle is formed before the base, and another at the base itself,
and finally by the more slender mandibles having a strong tooth near tip
and being only sparsely pilose internally. Length 1.25 to 1.75 inches,
30—45 mm. Had. Southern States. 3

M. dasystomus Say, Journ. Ac. Phil. III, 326; Lec. Journ. Ac. Phil. 1852, 112;
melanopus t Hald..-{ ‘Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. X, 31; ?degeneratus Thoms. Revis. 95;
- costulatus Lec. Journ. Ac. Phil., ser. 2, II, 1852, p. 111; spinibarbe { Hald ©. Trans.
Am, Phil. Soc. X, p. 31.

The color is much paler than in the preceeding; besides the differ—
ences noted under mandibularis, this species has the under surface of
head much less deeply excavated, and the gular margins are much less
elevated. The genz also are emarginate, while in mandibudliris they are
broadly rounded. Length 1.25 to 2 inches, 30-50 mm. /aé. South. St.

M. melanopus Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. XII, p. 623; Oliv. Ent. IV, 66, p. 18, pl. 12,
fig. 46; crenulatus Drury, Ill. Il, Ind. I, p. 86, pl. 38, fig. 2; cilipes Say, Journ. Ac.
Phil. III, 1823, p. 327; Lec. Journ. Ac. Phil. ser. 2. II, p. 111; biimpressum Hald,
Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. X, 1847, p. 39; simplicicolle Hald, 1. c. Dupont, Dej. Cat.,
3d ed., p. 342.

In this species the tibize are densely ciliated on the inferior edge,
and it was this character that induced Say to name the species clipes.
Otherwise sufficiently distinguished in the synopsis. The color is very
dark brown—almost black, Length 1.75 to 2.25 inches, 45—-55 mm.
igo. Hlomda wank hex.

M. serrulatus liec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1854, p. 82; Arcan. Nat. 1859, p. 127,
pl. 13, fig. 5. ;

Readily distinguished from all the others by the characters given in
the synopsis. Besides being crenulate rather than dentate, the margin of
the thorax is also rather less reflexed than in the preceeding species.
Length 1.75 inch. 45 mm. Aad. Texas. Color brown.

M. angularis Lec. Crotch Check List p. 83 is not described and
must be dropped. It is Szenodontes damicornis Fab.

DEROBRACHUS, ‘“erv.

Two species from the Southern States and California are contained
in this genus. The form is more slender than in the preceeding. The
mandibles are acute, horizontal, and alike in both sexes, The antennz
are II jointed, nearly filiform in the female, thicker at the base in the

[May 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 11

male. The sensitive pores commence on the outer half of the 3d joint,
and cover the whole surface of the 4th and following joints, arranged in
longitudinal grooves, separated by fine elevated lines, The narrow epi-
pleural portion of the elytra is transversely striate, forming a stridulating
organ upon which the edges of the hind femora grate to produce a sound.
The 5th segment in the (J is broadly emarginate, the 6th visible and
also emarginate, while in the Q the 5th segment is elongate and truncate
but the 6th is not visible.
The species are seperated as follows:

Hind femora sparsely punctured; prothorax with three acute teeth........ brevicollis.
Hind femora densely punctured; anterior tooth of prothorax double, some—
tions Ghinicleal on eo ce bao et meeeEee oo bods God sh cous ae mene ao geminatus.

D. brevicollis Serv. Ann. Fr. 1832, p. 155; Hald Trans. Am. Phil. X, 1847,
Paste Catesdicdapa 343%

The head and thorax are black, body testaceous brown; legs testa-
ceous knees black. Elytra with three slightly elevated ridges. Length
2 to 2 25 inches, 52—58 mm. //ad. Southern States.

D, geminatus Lec, Proc. Ac. Phil. VI, 1853, p. 233; Col. of Kans. 1859, p. Io,
thy 7 alee, ids Oe

This species is easily distinguished, not only by its large size, but
also by the double anterior tooth of the thorax. The elytra are entirely
smooth except at the base, where a few indistinct ruge are visible. Pectus
covered with short yellowish hair. Length G‘1.5 to 2 25 inches, Q 2.5
to 2.9 inches, 62—75 mm. //ad. Texas to Lower California.

ORTHOSOMA, »".
This genus is represented by a single species:
0. brunneaum Forst. Nov. Spec. Ins. 1771, p. 37; cylindricum Fab. Spec. Ins. I,
p- 207; Oliv. Ent. IV, 66, p. 23, t. 1, fig. 6; eylindroides Gmelin ed. Linn. I, p. 4,
1818; pennsylvanicum De G. Mem. 1775 p. 99. t. 13, fig. 13; sulcatwm Beauv. Ins.
Afr. et Am. p. 526, t. 35, fiz. 4; wnicolor Drury, Ill. I, 1773, Ind. I, p. 83, t. 37,
fig. 1; Casteln, Hist. Nat. II, p. 402.

The characters of this species are the same as given above for Dero-
brachus and in the table of genera ‘The prothorax is tridentate and the
color is light brown. Sexual differences may be found in the antennz as
in Derobrachus and in the 5th ventral segment, which is rounded in the
Q, but broadly truncate in the ({\ leaving the 6th visible. The beetle is
common everywhere in the Atlantic States, from June to September, and
is attracted to light. The larva is said to live in the rotton stumps of pine
(Pack. Guide 495, f. 478) and is credited also with eating into the roots
of grape vines and sometimes destroying them. Length .go to 1.75 inch.,
22—40 mm. Aad. Atlantic States.

12° BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC VOM vill: May 1884. ]

Editor’s Department.

Excursions, It has been the custom of the Brooklyn Entomological Society
for several years past, to have an annual excursion or field meeting, early in
spring. ‘These excursions were so popular, and the attendance was so large,
that for the coming season a series of excursions has been arranged, under the
charge of various members of the Society. At the April meeting a programme
was adopted, and the following dates and places were fixed upon:

Micnvapll ens paberelisl en dlacicr afer). - « eeraee eaten. 11 tee Mr. A. C. Weeks.
«30! Clitton, Ne J, (Annual Mxcursiom)\02). . 5.0206 Mr. J. B. Smith.
AV TTT RS MELON MSSM ING I GetccaGk ah, 5 a, 2 Meera eri aGltoicd vee aoe Mr. Geo. Gade. ~
«- 99 Rockaway, L. I., (Sea shore collecting) .......... Mr. J. B. Smith.
Trl 2h, CUMEVONgI, MIRC lence opid np Baer so occ cy So sncaamamoe: Mr. Geo. D. Hulst.
«¢ 6, Flatbush, L. ii scoala a, Speen pany eectetsti ere oi einem Mr. F. Tepper.
Aug. 17, Fordham and West Farms, N. ARB a Gre REN eles Mr. Geo. Gade.

The first excursion, under the charge of Mr. Weeks, will be to Garrettson’s
Staten Island. Leaving N. Y. from Foot of Whitehall St. (South shore) at 9 a.m.
The collecting will be in the woods to the South of the R. R. Station.

The second excursion, May 30, is the annual field meeting of the Society,
and will be under the charge of the President, Mr. J. B Smith. Leave N. Y.
via Erie R.R. on the first train afier 5 a.m., and the collecting to be done in the
fields, woods, and shrubbery to the south east of the R.R. station. Other dates
will be published in a future number. From the interest manifested, it is ex-
pected that the attendance at these field meetings will be large, and all persons
interested in Entomology are cordially invited to attend, and further and more
particular dates, as to these excursion, will be promptly and cheerfully given to
all desiring same.

The Butterflies of Maine, by Prof. C. H. Fernald, designed for the use of the
students in the Maine State College, and the farmers of the State. This book, of
104 pages, in pamphlet form we have just received from the author. It contains
a synoptic table for the determination of the cenera and species, and descriptions
of the imago. and where known, the larval stages of the outterflies known to occur
in Maine. It is very well written and is of use not only for the limited public
mentioned in the title, but also to all New England Lepidopterists. A commend-
able feature is, the accentuation and division into syllables of the scientific names.
Almost each collector has a different pronounciation of a given name, and uni-
formity is very desirable. ‘This is a step in the right direction.

A less commendable feature, and to our view a step in the wrong direction,
is the adoption of ‘‘common” or ‘‘popular’’ names for the butterflies; introduc—
ing such names as ‘‘The Mormon”’ for P. zabulon; ‘‘The sleepy dusky wing”’ for
T. brizo; “‘The Wanderer” and ‘‘The Piebald”’ for F. tarquinius ete. ete. We are
sorry to see that Prof. Fernald has given any countenance whatever to this
practice.

-BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC, VOL, VII. PLATE 1.

one

ee:

[June 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 13

Explanation of Plate I.

1 Femoral spur (Gonyodon) of C. coccinata J. <

2

3
4
5

a « ( « ) © Parallelia bistriaris g'. ~
: Ge EL Sipe ND Gio 7

= (BY OE rome. | Se

is cone ne Sonn) cc oD raster ic, CKechucdana

6 Clasper of ¢' C. piatrix. —

14
15

18
19
20
21
i223
23
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

33 Head of C. ilia from above.

as se « (, Aholibah; —

ue « « C, nubilis. ~

fe GOCE ONIN.

He “CL neogama. ~

Re so «¢ (1 EHpione.

us Bec Ca CLUCLOL A uniecal

ee “< «« (. cerogama. ©
Frenulum of <’, 2
Frenula of © (usual form).

a «© « (. gracilis (occasional). ~

Primary wing of a Catocala showing typical ornamentation. a. basal half line

(b. line). 6. transverse anterior line (t.a. line). c. basal dash. d. costal dots.
e. reniform. jf. sub reniform. g. transverse posterior (t.p.) line. J. M. of t.p.
line. h. subterminal (s.t.) line. 7. terminal dots. k. apical dash. Between
base and t.a. line is the basal space. Between the t.a, and t.p. line is the me—
dian space, often crossed by a median shade, band, or line. Between the t.p,
and s.t. line is the subterminal (s.t.) space. Between the s.t. line and margin is
the terminal space.

Secondary of a Catocala. a. median band. 6 terminal band. c apex. d anal angle.
Antenna near base.

66 66 tip.

Palpus of C. cara 3. ~

« «(1 elonympha 7
smh aultronian cha |

Tarsal claw of 0. elonympha. ~

ce “© 6 6 nubilis. —
ss Cou WC desperaia. ~
oe 06 8 GiGi, 7
‘e a
se ce < C. Belfraaiana.
66 66 ‘ec OL 66 - var.
« “« « ( subnata. 7
Gs ce 6* OC amatrix. e«

“

34 Tip of abdomen of 0. ilia oJ. ~
35 Head of C. ilia from front. ~

14 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. June 1884.]

THE GENUS CATOCALA.
By Rev. Gro. D. Hutsr.

In the Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entom. Soc., vol. III, pp. 2—13;
1880, was published an article entitled “Remarks upon the Catocale of
N, A. North of Mexico with a catalogue of the species.”

The study prefatory to the publishing of that article, led to an
interest in the genus, which has resulted in continued effort to attain
knowledge of these most beautiful insects. At the request of some of my
entomological friends, the study during a few months past has taken a
form looking to the present monograph.

The genus Ca/ocalz embraces insects which are among the largest,
most showy, and most interesting of the Noctuide. The genus is one
of the Northern Hemisphere, is largely represented in Europe, Asia and
America, and very sparingly in the North of Africa. Our own species
surpass all others in number, size and variability of coloration.

Of the egg of our species, we know little more than has been given
us in the careful and very valuable observations of Prof. Geo. H. French
of Carbondale, Ils. He has in ‘‘Papilio”, and the Can. Ent., given the
life history of cara, amatrix and fia. The eggs of these species very
nearly agree in being spheroidal in shape, —grooved longitudinally with
many furrows,—flattened at apex and base, the flattened surface at the
base being somewhat the larger, I have taken eggs from the abdomens
of cabinet specimens of various species, (nubiles, elonympha, ultromia,
paria, lacrymosa), and found them to agree, so far as I could judge, with
the eggs spoken of above. The eggs remain unhatched, so far as Prof.
French’s observations go, until the following spring after being laid.
With the possible exception of zuézls, I feel certain that no species is
double brooded. Mr. A, Koebele of Washington I).C. obtained eggs
of Chntoni in Florida, as early as March, but the larvee did not emerge
until the following year, in June, the eggs having been brought North
mean-while. With regard to elonympha, all testimony leads to the con-
clusion that it is not double brooded. Vwéz/s is found at almost all times
after early summer, and it may be true that more than one brood of it
appears each year but I do not believe this at all probable. The insects
under the observations of Prof. French remained in the egg state from
about 180 to 250 days; those of Ctinfoni obtained by Mr. Koebele
hatched only after 15 months had passed!

[June 1884. BULLETIN. BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 15

‘The eggs according to Mr. Koebele are laid in bunches of from 1
to 10 on the bark of the tree. Of course with their long exposure the
large majority are destroyed by their enemies.

The Zarva is elongated, tapering towards both ends, is generally
rounded above, and somewhat flattened below. The head ‘s generally
flattened, with the front nearlv horizontal, so the mouth parts are pro—
jected forward, and is often divided at the apex. The abdomen is gen—
erally provided with protuberances on each segment; is largest at the
8th segment, which is marked generally with a dorsal lunule or protu-
berance, as is often the 11th. Generally the larve have curious scurfly
fringes running in a substigmatal line, and coming next the flattened
portion of the abdomen. Guenee seems to think they may serve the
purpose of assisting the larva to cling more tenaciously to the surface
upon which it rests. From repeated observations, I have been unable
to see any such use made of them, and movyeover they have no
sucking disks, and seem to be devoid of muscular mobility. The larva
may be said to have 16 legs, though according to Prof. French’s obser-
vations, in the earlier stages of larval history, the two abdominal pairs are
nearly obsolete, and in some species as in micronympha, (_/ratercula Gt.)
they remain so, and in the early stages may not exist at all. In all the
species the larvae are semi loopers, hunching up the back in walking.
The spiracles are as usual oval, fringed with hair within, and present, so
far as I have observed. no variation.

The larva is arboreal and nocturnal. It lies concealed and quies-
cent during the day under or in the crevices of the bark, or in the grass
at the base of the tree or shrub on which it feeds. I have noticed that
the larva often returns to the same place of concealment day after day,
following probably a silken thread left asa guide. The larve of the
same species are somewhat variable during the different stages of devel-
opment, the head being comparatively larger, the body flatter, the seg-
ments much more nearly of the same size, and the abdominal legs with
a greater lateral projection in the earlier stages than in the final one.
There is also a decided variation in coloration, and in the abdominal
protuberances, In thesame stage, there is in my observation much
vatiatidn in the same species in the ground color, and in the size and
distinctness of the markings and protuberances. I believe the larva is
somewhat mimetic, and to an extent approximates the color of the bark
of the tree on which it feeds. The larva has at least 4 moults during its
history. Prof. French records that cara and amatrix go through 5 each,

16 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. June 1884. ]

and /fa through 4 only. This is certainly a very remarkable variation
if it be the ordinary history of each of these species.

But there is sometimes variability in this respect in the history of
some species; I learn from the very valuable report of Prof. Lintner, of
Albany, N.Y., for 1883, that in some species of Lepidoptera the female
goes through one more moult than the male in the larval state. It may
be that this is the case with the Cazocale.

Many collectors in this vicinity, myself among the number, have be-
lieved that the larvae of some Cufocale hibernated, as very early in the
spring large larvae were found. Prof. French has cleared up this mystery
by showing that the larva emerges very early, and feeding upon the buds
before the leaves have opened, becomes often nearly full grown before
the leaves are much expanded. The development of the insect during
the larval period is always rapid, rarely if ever reaching beyond a month.

The larva ordinarily pupates under the bark or at the base of trees,
or under any convenient cover. It makes a slight cocoon of leaves or
frassand silk. The larva of zud:is often goes just beneath the surface of
the ground to pupate. The pupa is not more than ordinarily elongated,
is cylindrical, without protuberances, and is covered with a bluish bloom.
The pupal stage is comparatively lengthened, reaching in all cases as long
as the larval period, and the pupa of mzdézls hibernates.

The zmago is almost strictly nocturnal in this country, though in—
stances have been noticed of voluntary flight and feeding by day. The
imagines generally hide during the day under cover of bark, shrubbery
and grass, or sit exposed upon the bark of the trunk of trees, whose ap-
pearance they mimic with wonderful exactness. They are easily disturbed,
but when disturbed, rarely fly to a great distance, often not further than
~ the opposite side of the tree. They feed upon the honey of flowers, and
the juices of fruit, and are readily taken at sugar.

STRUCTURE OF THE IMAGO.

The ead is rather large and prominent. ‘The mouth parts are of
the normal noctuid character, with the /ongue strong, well developed,
and capable of reaching to the extremity of or beyond the thorax, The
JSront is rather broad and full. The clypeus is somewhat variable, rang-
ing from a nearly flat to a decidedly conical surface, but without any
indentations. The eyes are prominent, round and naked. The palpi are
heavy, well developed, quite erect, reaching well up the front. ‘The first

[June 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 17

joint is short as compared with the second, and the third ‘is variable,
ranging from as long as the second, to only one-fourth or one-fifth its
length. There is also a sexual variation, the third joint being in some
cases slenderer and more produced in the female. The variation in this
respect is in some species quite considerable.

The antenne are ciliate, scaled and hardly fringed with hair above,
and with slight tuftings of hair below, on each joint. The sexual varia-
tion is very slight, and this is also true of the specific variation. The
joints are comparatively shorter and more compact towards the base,
slenderer and more lengthened at the point. ‘There is much variation
in the number of the joints in the different species, ranging from about
60 to about 110. The number varies slightly in the same species, so it
can not be made a basis for specific determination. The ocell are two
in number, situated near, and just behind the antennz, and are black
and prominent.

The ¢horax is rather stout and heavy, subquadrate, clothed with
hairs intermixed with flattened scales, though in some species the hairs
are almost wanting. It is somewhat more squammose in the male than in
the female and is tufted posteriorly. The pafagi@ are well developed, and
reach with vestiture nearly or quite the length of the thorax; they are
somewhat less appressed in the male than in the female.

In anatomical structure the thorax occupies a pcsition between the
typical /Voc/wid form, and that of the typical Geometrid. The proscutum
is narrower, and more extended laterally than that of the typical Woctuid;
the mesoscutum is much more slender and postericrly extended; the
scutellum of the mesothorax is shorter and posteriorly more rounded: the
scutellum of the metathorax is shorter and broader leterally. I refrain
from the discussion of the comparative anatoray of the thorax, beyond
fhis, because my friend, Mr. John B. Smith, who has been somewhat of
an inspiration to me in this line of research, is making a special study of
this portion of the imago of the Mocfuzd@, and I do no: wish to anticipate
his work. I will only say, that on the basis of thoracic structure, the
affinities of the genus are as strongly with the Geometridae as with the
Noctuide, thus carrying out what has already been evidenced in the larva
and pupa by their general appearance and habits.

The abdomen is somewhat extended, conical or cylindro-conical,
considerably keeled dorsally in nwdzzs, less in others, (Chnéonii etc.) and
in others not at ail; the tendency being, in all cases, more marked in

18 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. June 1884. ]

the female than the male. ‘The abdomen is more or less tufted in all
the species, on the anterior segments. The spiracles are as usual, oval
linear. The genital organs are very prominent and marked in the male,
There is a special and marked modification of these parts in the various
species of the genus. The supra-anal clasper is narrowed and extended,
and on the end is curved downwards, forming a strong corneous hook,
laterally somewhat winged. In some species, this hook is more curved
than in others. The lateral plates are subject to great and remarkable
modifications. Except in 2ézlis, the clasper is independent of the plate
itself, and consists of a strong corneous spur, rising from near the center of
the plate, and varying very much in ‘orm. The commonest form is a
somewhat flattened conical spur, curved inwards, pointed, divided below
into two parts, (which are here contained in the membrane of the plate),
extending to and supported by the strong borders of the plate itself. In
relicta this spur is much shorter, stouter and more heavy; in LZvzone
it is much longer, and more slender; in /ia and fuatriv it is
yet longer, more slender and with a different curvature and shape;
in cerogama it is very curiously flattened and curved; in Afolibuh the
modification is remarkable; the divided part is freed from the mem-
brane of the plate, is greatly extended and curved, and the spur itself is
almost obsolete asa spur. In zudzlis, the spur, as well as the divided
part, is enclosed in the membrane of the plate, and the clasper is formed
by the projection of the spur beyond the edge of the plate.

So far as my observations have gone, the female genitalia correspond
in form with those of the typical Woctu:d.

From examination of cabinet specimens, I believe, that the eggs
are not all fully developed when the imago emerges. The num-
ber of eggs probably runs up toas many as 400, laid by a single female.
Prof. French had an amatrix lay 292.

The fore wings are large, broad, triangular, somewhat arched along
the costa, more or less pointed and extended at the apex. rounded, and
very generally undulate on the outer margin, somewhat concave on the
inner margin, and suddenly narrowing near the base. They are some-
what more narrow, pointed, and squammose in vestiture, in the male
than in thefemale. The Azzd wings are large, undulate on the outer
margin, with rounded apex, and with rounded, almost obsolete anal
angle, For the markings which are in the main common to all the
species I refer to figs. 17 and 18 of plate I.

The vestiture of the wings shows a variation in the shape of the scales

{June 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 19

in some species, but I have not found the variation sufficiently marked to
be of value in the determination of species or even of larger groups.

The wags are in ornamentation and coloration extraordinarily vari—
able in the same species. In fact, in some species, there is nothing at
all of these things which is not subject to wide variation. On the fore
wings the grounc. color,—the color and limitations of the reniform and
subreniform spots,—the transverse lines,—the subterminal line,—the
basal and apical dashes, the shadings of the costal and inner margins
and of the t.p. line and the reniform spot,—the shading of the basal
middle and outer spaces, are inconstant. On the hind wings, the bands
present great differences in width, outline, and color. In short, every
thing seems to be inconstant in some species, and those that have very
little variation, are few, and of these, the examples collected are few.

In venation the wings differ somewhat from that of the typical MVoc—
turd. On the fore wings, the 5th venule is slightly more advanced to-
wards the middle of the discal cell, showing again an affinity with the
Geometride. The discal cell is very short, being less than one-half the
length of the wing. On the hind wings, the venation is after the Noctuid
type, save that the cell is remarkably shortened, being not more than
one-third the length of the wing. ‘The venation of both wings is given
in figs. 17 and 18 of plate I.

There are, however, as relating to venation, some things which
ought to have more than a passing interest to the student of systematic
entomology. Upon the fore wings, we find extending inward from the
outer margin between the 5th and 6th, and 6th and 7th venules, rudi-
mentary venules, which however do not reach the outer margin of the cell,
There is also a rudimentary vein reaching out from the base, dividing
longitudinally the discal cell, and extending beyond it, to meet the one
extending in from the outer margin of the wing. On the hind wing, the
cell, which has generally, if not always been considered open outwardly,
is really closed, though the cross vein is faint, and somewhat rudimen-
tary. ‘There is on this wing also, found a rudimentary vein, dividing the
cell longitudinal.y, and extending towards, if not reaching the outer
margin. With regard to the presence of all these, I have no guesses to
make ofa possille past or a possible future. But the presence of these
rudimentary veirs calls to our minds the venation on the one hand of
certain of the Bombycide, and on the other of certain of the Zorricide,
and suggests affinities which are somewhat surprising.

Be, Rea te

20 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. June 1884. ]

The hinds wings are furnished on the anterior margin, near the base
with an organ, called the frenulum.

In the male, it fits in a membrane, projecting from near the costa,
on the under side of the fore wing, underneath which, longitudinially, — it
moves freely. This however, is nearly, or quite obsolete in the female,
and in my observation does not cover the projections of the organ.

It has been thought to serve the purpose of holdirig the wings to—
gether in flight; this end may be served; but in view of the modiiication
of the organ in the female, it is more likely an instrument more particu-
larly to keep the hind wing from getting above the fore wing. The
frenulum in the male is a strong corneous spine. In the female, there
are with but one exception in my observation. three spines, much slighter
and weaker than in the male. I was much surprised to find how incorrect
an idea existed among entomologists concerning this organ of the female
of the Cafocale. Mr. Strecker in his catalogue of the Butterflies and
Moths of N. A-. 1878. p. 34, speaking of the frenulum of Cavocala says
“simple in male, and forked or double in female.” Mr. Grote, in the
years gone by, sneered at another, who was in doubt as to the sex of a
Catocala whose abdomen was wanting, saying in effect, that any one who
had the least knowledge of the anatomy of the Voc/uidae, would know
that the frenulum was bifid in the female. And so late as August 1883,
(Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XXI, pp. 135—36), he says of the No:tudae,
‘they have a simple frenulum, which is divided, (not ‘double’) in the
female.” The facts are, so far as the Ca/ocalae are concerned, the frenu—
lum is simple and single in the male, but in the female it is not forked,
divided, double, or bifid, but the only proper way to express it is that
there are in the female three frenula;—for the spine is the frenulum, and
there are three of these. There is an adaption of the wing to receive the
spine; but the name must attach to the spine, and not to a section of
the wing itself. |
I found one Q gracis with four frenula, but this is the only in-
stance of hundreds examined, that I have found among the Cafoci/le. 1
have never seen one with two only. These frenula can not, it seems to
me, be looked upon as specialized nervules, as in the female each one is
set in a sort of a socket, and in no case is the organ a continuation of
any nerve in the wing itself,

Of the frenula of the Cavocalae females, the basal one is generally the
shortest and most erect; the two others are of nearly the same length,

{June 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 21

and curve backwards till they run nearly parallel with the margin of the
wing. Ina few instances, I have found the frenula slightly bulbed at
the extremity.

The Zegs are somewhat lengthened, robust and powerful. The cove
are rather stouter and longer than those of Agvrofs being one-third as
broad as long. The /¢rochanters offer no observed differences. The
femora are rather long and slender, and somewhat flattened, laterally.
They are generally, if not always. covered within with long hair, which
on the fore and middle legs becomes exaggerated. This is not a character
special however to Cafocula, but seems to be a tendency of the lower
Noctuide. On the femur of the fore leg is an organ which seems heretofore
to have escaped the observation of students of structural anatomy.
I have found no mention made of it in the works of Guenee, Lederer,
Herrich-Schaeffer, Burmeister or others, It is a special piece of arma—
ture, situated on the femur of the fore legs of the males only, near its
juncture with the tibia, at the middle of the upper or frontal portion,
and consists of a chitinized spine set in a socket. It is corneous, cylin-
drical, pointed at the apex, swollen in the middle. and narrow, almost
pointed, at the base. It is ordinarily about one-half the diameter of the
femur in length, and may be known as the gonyodon, (gonu, knee, and
odous, tooth), or femoral spur. It is ordinarily hidden in the vestiture of
the femur. Upon search I found it on the fore femora of the males of
all the Ca/oca/e. It is also present in a number of the lower genera of the
Noctuidae, though wanting, so far as I have observed, in nearly allied
genera such as Synedu, Vpsia (Homoptera), and the Deltords. In Euclidea
it takes a peculiarly curved form. In Paradlelia bistriaria, and Agnomo-
nia amilis, | have found in the place of one, two of these gonyodons
present. This organ is subject in the Cu/ocale to considerable variation
in form, as may be seen from the figures of the plate. What may be the
use of it I will not venture to guess.

The #26zae are comparatively slender, though not lengthened. The
Sore tibize present marked differences in armature, which seem to have
heretofore escaped the attention of our systematists, and which divide
the genus into two divisions of subgeneric standing; the one Catocala
proper, having the fore tibiz unarmed, the other, which I will call Casa-
bapia (kata, beneath, and dapios, dyed), having the fore tibia always,
and generally very heavily spinulated.

22 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM: SOC. VOL. VII. June 1884.)

The middle tibtae apart from the pair of great spurs, are always spinu-
lated; generally much more heavily in the Cafadéap/a, than in the Catocala
group.

The hind tibiae are sometimes spinulated, sometimes not. Always
and generally heavily, in the Ca/adap/a, not at all, or but slightly, in the
Catocala group. Many of the fore tibize are heavily covered with long hairs
on the inner side. So also on the middle tibiz, which on the males, in
many species form large tufts. This however, is simply a tendency, very
frequently found among the lower /Vocfwidae. After diligent and repeated
search, with a compound microscope, on scores of denuded legs, I have
not yet found the faintest suggestion of the scent organs spoken of by Prof.
Lintner in his Report, p. 71 as found “at the upper part of the second
pair of tibize.”

The /ars? present no special modifications. In length, as: is usual,
they vary as compared with each other. I have found a curious monstro-
sity in the tarsi of the fore leg of a specimen of consors. At the joint
below the second segment from the tibia, two segments proceed, forming
a double leg at the end. .

The claws present marked and surprising variation, In the greater
number of the species, they are single, rather stout, and curved strongly
downward. From this they reach one way to the slender semicircular
claw of A#essalina, and the other way, to the form found in zudilis, elo-
nympha, and gracilis, where the curve becomes almost rectangular on
the outer edge, and on the inner side there is developed a thin angular
membrane, (the counterpart of that in the claw of the lower Noc/ude),
giving a distinctly bifid appearance. There is also a difference in what
may be called the heel of the claw. In some, (zubilis, elonympha, gracils)
it is obsolete; in AZessaiina it is strongly prominent. I refer to the proper
figures of the plate.

POSITION OF THE GENUS.

In view of what has been already said, it will be seen that from al-
most every point of view, the genus occupies a position between the
typical Moctudd and Geomefer. In my opinion, it is nearer the latter,
than the former. And while, on the basis of venation, it must yet be
classed among the Noctuide, it ought to be placed closer to the foot
of the list than it is; very close to, if not by the side of Ypsza (Homoptera),

[June 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 23

and its allies, and these with Hwclidea ought to be almost, if not quite at
the end of the Noctuzdae.

LIMITATIONS OF THE GENUS.

The most of Lepidopterists probably are agreed, that many of the
divisions called genera are artificial. But it is perhaps just as fully
agreed, that this ought not to be the case, and that the effort should be,
to free ourselves from this unscientific method as soon as possible. With
all the gaps that exist in nature, there surely is no reason why, even
though many genera must be very large, there should be the making of
genera for accommodations sake. The basing of genera on comparative
differences only, as is the case so largely in the Rhopalocera, the Sphinges,
the Delfoids, and elsewhere, is only a confession of ignorance, and ought
not to countenanced any longer. It may be well to try to map out in
our divisions, the probable development of the past in nature, but in the
Lepidopiera, this can, save in close allies, be only wildly guessed at. The
history of nature in the Zepzdopfera, since perhaps as far back as the
Carboniferous age, has probably been downward in the main, not up-
ward. The cataclysms of the past have broken the thread of kinship,
beyond the possibility of recognition. And, (whatever our belief in evolu-
tion,) so far as history and experience go, nature is unchanging. It is wis-
dom we think, to map out as best we can, nature as we find it, and make
divisions only as we find them in nature. Generic distinction should be
based on structure only, and should extend till a break is found in nature.
The genus Papilio is a case in point. Its species are very widely variant;
but it is as impossible naturally to divide it, so far as present knowledge
goes, as it is to divide nations naturally by parallels of latitude.

But what will constitute a natural distinction sufficiently marked to
warrant a genus? Here is where the difficulty comes in. ‘There is
without doubt great loss, where genera are multiplied; there is hardly less
loss, where they are too few. The middle path is, as in most cases, the
safest. Let a genus have a good valid structural reason for existing,
and let it be the duty of the one who affirms the need, to prove it, not
the duty of the one who denies, to prove there is no valid ground for it.

On this basis, after thorough examination and study, though not
without a consciousness, that in one case, much can properly be said
against it, 1 have concluded to follow Mr. John B. Smith in his *‘Synop-
sis of the Noctuide of N. A.”, Bull. Brooklyn Ento. Soc, Vol. V, July
1882, putting Parthenos, Allotria, and Andrewsia, under Cafocala, as not

24 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. June 1884. ]

generica!ly distinct. Notwithstanding the suggestion of so eminent an
authority as Dr. Speyer, that AZessalina, (Belfragiana) is generically dist-
inct from Ca/ocala, and notwithstanding on this suggestion, Mr. Grote
created the genus Andrewsza for it, I fail to see any good reason why it
should be separated even subgenerically. The only basis of separation
so far known is the shape of the fore wings; but the difference is so
slight, that I am confident no one could tell the denuded fore
wing of the male, from that of any Cafoala of like size. It may be,
when the larva is discovered, that it may be so aberrent as to warrant
generic separation but not until then. If the larva agrees with the general
form of the larvae of the Ca/ocale, the insect can be nothing but a true
Catocala.

With regard to Elonympha there is not the slightest ground for a se
parate generic reference. Guenee gives as his reasons for retaining Hub-
ner’s division ‘‘the color of the wings beneath, the palpi, and the fact
that the larva is not furnished with lateral fringes.” Of the palpi, in
another place, he says, “palpi very ascending, arched, a little heavy, the
second joint narrow, smoothly squammose, the third long, linear, sharp”.
The first point might serve for specific reference, never for generic: the
second, concerning the palpi, has no standing whatever; after denuding
and examining hundreds of palpi of different species, and making draw-
ings of many with the camera, I am prepared to say the palpi do not
* differ from those of other Ca/oca/e, and in the points indicated are not
more marked than some others (amuca, crataegt, praeclara etc.). With
regard to the third point, the larval fringes, this is likely true of others of
the smaller species, and even if true of this alone, would have no generic
or subgeneric value. A/ofria has no excuse for remaining as a genus.

With regard to Wudilis, there is, I freely admit, valid ground for a
difference of opinion. The coloration of the hind wings, at once is a
mark, but coloration has not necessarily even specific value. The wings
are slightly more pointed, but in no other case 1s this thought to be of
generic or subgeneric value. ‘The body of the female is strongly
keeled, but this is a character in less degree of other. Ca/oca/e, The insect
hibernates in the pupal state, and often goes beneath the ground: to pu-
pate, but in no other genus, is this thought worthy a moments notice, as
a basis for even subgeneric separation. These all afford no ground for
any separation; but there is a marked difference in the genitalia of the
male, unknown heretofore however, which may be by some thought a
valid basis for generic reference. But structural differences which are

[June: 1884. BULLETIN BROORLYN ENTOM. SOC.-VOL. VII. 25

sexual, should be very cautiously if ever allowed as a ground for generic
separation. Differences, even greater, have not divided Acronycta, or
other ganera, anil zudzhs is not further removed from the normal form of
Cufocala in this respect, than is Aholibah, woich no one would think of
putting in another genus. WVudilis comes the nearest of the Ce/oculae to
Ophideres, and were the tibize not spinulated might be congeneric with it.
After all, ornamentation is the chief reason for the genus. It was so with
Hubner in the case of both elonympha and Parthenos. Were the mark-
ings of the underwings like the ordinary Cafovalz, no one would think of
generic separation. On the above grounds, I have retained all these
groups, under the one genus Czfocalz. If any one does not consider my
reasons sufficient, he has simply to take my subgenera as genera, and in
place of Cv/o-ala make the following genera, with their 1espective species,
Catocalirrhus, (Parthenos is a genus of the Rhopalocera), Catocala and
Catabapta.

HISTORY OF THE GENUS.

The fathers of our science, Linnaeus, Cramer, Drury, Abbott & Smith,
described the species known to them under the names .Vocfua or Phalena.
In 1852 Schrank gave the name Ca/ocala, to these insects which have so
striking a similarity to each other in their gayly colored underwings,
Afterwards Hubner, after his fashion, divided these insects into as many
sections as he could find superficial differences in coloration upon which
to base them. Although these undescribed divisions have by many been
recognized elsewhere in the Lefidopfera as genera, the most of his di-
visions of Cafoca/a have never had any recognition whatever, as here he
did not have the luck to hit on real differences, of which he knew noth-
ing. Of the lot, Parthenos and Allofria alone lived, Guenee accepting
them for zwdilis and elonympha. Since Guenee’s time these have been
recognized, without investigation, till in 1882, Mr. John B, Smith, the
highest authority in America on the subject, again merged Purfhenos and
Allotria with Cafocala, on the ground that no structural differences warr-
anted their separate existence. In 1883, Mr. Grote, as has been already
said, on the bisis ofa suggestion of Dr. Speyer, created the genus
Andrewsia for Messalina. But, as has been shown, this has no reason
whatever for existing.

LIMITATIONS OF THE SPECIES.

From what has already been said of the inconstancy of the ornamen-
tation and coloration of the wings it need not now be said, there is room

26 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC, VOL. VII. June 1884. }

for widely differing opinions concerning specific values. Some rules
looking to determination can safely be kept in mind; first, that a species
under differing conditions of food, temperature, and humidity, will show
variations, and under these conditions, will breed true to the form thus
necessitated; second, the existence of intergrade’, properly proves specific
identity; third, what is known to be true of one species, is a valid basis
for determination concerning a kindred species. Under the first rule,
we may legitimately expect the species west of the great plains to vary
more than those east. It has been one of the marvels of Lepidopterology
to me that just as soon as the Missouri River is reached, insects cease to
vary, and every new form in that wonderful country must, by necessity,
be judged a new species; while ordinarily with the humidity of Oregon,
and the desert dryness of Arizona; the intense heat of the latter region,
and the bitter cold of Montana; the high mountains of Colorado, Utah,
and California, and the extreme depression of Southern California, it
would seem constancy in the size and appearance of species would be
impossible. The second rule is universal to all nature in its application,
and it is the duty of those who claim intergrades are hybrids, to prove
their claims. With regard to the third rule, we will explain; e.g. Prof.
French has raised both forms of amatrix from the eggs’ of the same fe-
male; then the presence, or absence ofa basal, discal, or apical dash, or
shading, is never to be taken as having specific value, till it is proved to
have that value by breeding. Again, itis known, beyond doubt, that
Verridliana varies in the color of the hind wings, from bright red to clear
yellow. Then a simple difference from red to yellow in the coloration of
the hind wings does not in any case, till proved to do so, warrant specific.
separation, The same may be said of the color of the fringes, the ground
color of the primaries, the shading within the t.p. line or along the inner
margin. Whatever is known to be true of one species, must when a corre-
spondence takes place, be considered true of any kindred species.

The first ca¢alogue of the American Cafocale which can be so called
is that given by Hubner, Verz. pp. 276-78. Although making many
divisions, to which he gives names, he begins with the black under wings
and ends with the smail yellow ones.

The first syzopsis of the species of Catocale of N. A., was made, so
far as I can learn by Guenee, in his Noctuelites, Vol. VII, pp. 79-107.
He there collected the descriptions of the past, described new forms. and
arranged them in a synopsis, with the Cafoca/e of Europe. In his ar-

[June 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 27.

rangement, he places the red underwings first, then the white, then the
black, then the large yellow, and finally the small yellow. He places
Parthenos and Allotria before Catocala.

Walker in the Cat. Brit. Museum, Noctuelite 1193-1209, gives a
synopsis of the American species by themselves. He follows the order
of Guenee, and his list is incorporated by Morris in his Catalogue of the
Noctuide of N. A.

In 1872, Mr. Grote published in the Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol.
IV, pp. 1-20 a monograph of the genus Cafocala and gave descriptions
of all the species known to him. In this monograph he follows the order
of the catalogue of Hubner. He gives as his reason for so doing (Can.
Ent. IV, 164) “I inaugurate the genus with the black winged species
from the consideration that such species are not found in other conti-
nents, and that in North America the genus attains its fullest represen-
tation. I allow them to precede the more typical specific forms such as
certain of the red winged species and conclude with the yellow winged
Catocale, as has been customary with regard to the European species.”

In 1872, in his work ‘‘the Rhopalocera and Heterocera of N. A.”,
Mr. Strecker began to give descriptions, with colored figures of all the
Catocale. The work follows no order whatever in the giving of the
species, and, yet incomplete, has appeared only at irregular intervals;
but it is the most notable addition to the literature of the genus which
has ever appeared.

In 1875, Mr. Hy. Edwards issued in Proc, Ac. Sc. Cal., a mono—
graph of the species of Caéocala found on the Pacific Coast; and in the
same publication, 1877, gave a new catalogue of the Pacific species.

Mr. Grote has published several catalogues of the species, the last
appearing in 1882.

In 1880, the author of the present paper published Bull. Brooklyn
Entom. Soe. a catalogue of the species. In this Mr. Grote’s order of
sequence was inverted, on the ground that the small yellow winged
species seemed to follow naturally after Syxeda and Parthenos, and the
black ones ending the list, naturally led to Sfeloloma and Spintherops.
This catalogue was followed in a check-list, published by the Brooklyn
Ent. Soc, in 1882.

28 BULLETIN BROOKLYN. .ENTOM. SOC. VOL!. VIL... = June 1884.4

In 1881 Prof’ French issued for the use of pupils and students a
‘Synopsis of the Cafocale of Illinois”. In this, he folkows the sequence
established by Hubner and followed by Grote.

No attempt has been made, so far as I know, to bring together the
descriptions of the larvee of the various species. Abbott and Smith, and
afterwards Guenee from unpublished drawings and notes by Abbott, gave
the larvee of various species, though the notes he made use of seem to
have been regarded by Guenee as unreliable. Since then, detached de-
scriptions have been given in the current periodicals. . I have endeavored
to gather all these below in their proper places.

In the determinations below I use the word varzety to mean a local
form, which breeds true to itself, but is yet known by intergrades, or
breeding elsewhere, to be connected with the stem form of the species.
E. g. carissimz is in this sense, a variety of cara. Through the South,
it continually breeds true to itself, as cava does. northward; but there is
a belt of territory where they intergrade.

I also give variety standing to marked accidental variations, which |
do not breed true to themselves, but which would not likely be easily
referred to the stem form. FE. g. p2a/anga is in this sense, a variety of
paleogama. The more marked of the variations among the Catocale,
though most not so marked as to b2 worthy varietal standing, have been
named, and will be referred to in their places.

My hearty thanks are due, and are hereby given to Dr. Bailey,
Messrs. Hy. Edwards, Neumoegen, Strecker, Tepper, and the American
Ent Soc. for the examination of types. And to these, and many others
for the examination and use of material and for assistance. And especially
to Mr. John B. Smith, my very kind friend, for his constant encourage—
ment, and his very many and helpful suggestions as to methods and
lines of study, as also for his valuable work on the accompanying plate.

After some thought, [I still persist in my opinion that eh small
yellow underwings should be catalogued first. It is true the claWs would
seem to demand they should be placed lowest in the list but Syneda must
it seems to me precede Cufocala, and these are altogether most closely

allied to Syneda and its allies.
BY”

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 29

SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES.

i Miiglelle mbes omy, Sonmullenieel opus andes oca58 bie ithe dtp oma. om aes I—22
TDL, Winglelike eneval Inirvel thilrigs gorimmlanigel, “Gouassccccqeno0n seoga0us5000 005000 23-—60
INO, AMM thibyes sonomllnecle 5 boo Uae Semele vc oo ee Aen do boeddanooL Mapimame -, 61—84

i. Secondaries yellow.

A. Median band wanting on secondaries.

1 Marginal band reaching inner margin .......-..........-.-. ---2 elonympha, -
2eMoarcinaliband not reaching imney marginale eae) ee 4 amica. —

B. Median band present.

3 Primaries yellowish at base; black between b. and t.a. line; median space
yellowish; t.p. line distinct; s.t. space white near costa; s.t. line black,

GUISCERTONGLE,, | SETRTEUWE a arg Shen stes wee ees ey RRR co oes ace ike Uc eRe RC eh 6 minuta. —
4 Primaries light gray with greenish sheen; basal dash present; veins near
apex lined with black; median band not reaching inner margin. ....9 preclara. —

5 Primaries light gray; t.a. and t.p. lines nearly or quite coalescing near

inner margin, and indistinct near middle; t.p. lme edged outwardly with

ferruginous especially at bend near mner margin....................-. 8 srynea. ~
6 Primaries with large dark brown spot on median space along inner margin 7 Qlivia, —
7 Primaries reddish brown; t.p. line distinct, strongly angulated; bend near

inner margin slight; secondaries with median band strongly angulated

ML SAMMI TUN CaM ALOU bay. at sietale ee sivas 8) sye! ee ROR MRSR OR cs ete atel nie < fuels 10 micronympha. -
8 Primaries dark gray with reddish; M oft p. line with only the upper tooth;

behind this the line almost straight to inner margin; secondaries with med-

ian band not reaching inner margin; outer band broken ............. 11 similis. -
9 Primaries uniform dark gray without reddish; ordinary lines indistinct;

secondaries median band narrow strongly rectangular ............. 12 chelidonia. —
Io Primaries with median space white, blurred; lines almost obsolete; t.p.

line edged outwardly with ferruginous; s.t. space and line distinct....13 Amasia, -
11 Primaries white; lines waved, very sharply distinct................... 14 sancta, -
12 Primaries pale greenish gray; basal space dark; median light; basal dash

present; secondaries with median band heavy returning to base...... 15 dulciola. -

13 Primaries with lines heavy; M of t.p. line very much produced; t.a. and

t.p. lines quite widely separated at inner margin; basal space and inner

MOERGIM MSI CENAK. A. Winn QS COORG ooo cU S/n DCAD! SS CeReEE Soo 16 crategi. -
14 Primaries as above, but ferruginous at base and bevond t.p. line; t.a. and

t.p. lines nearly or quite coalescing near inner margm...... ....... 17 blandula. ~
15 Primaries reddish brown above; t.a. and t.p. lines approximating near

TENET TODENGEANY Sate ose, eGo oC eR © Sod.e Sea eneR eee elm ae nee ere enone 18 mira. ~
16 Primaries smooth light gray; lines all clear; basal and slight apical dash;

t.p. line at bend near inner margin returning to beneath bend; secondaries

with median band not reaching inner margin; fringe clear yellow, black

5 Ts binned
Mi inal Chi SENOS so eal dg ole eC RO INA MERC» o Dose wieloee 98 verrilliana var. votiva.

30

ae bs crite

BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. July 1884. ]

17

18
19

20
21
“22

26

32

33

gh:

35

36

2. Secondaries red.

a. Median band of secondaries not reaching inner margin.

Primaries light ashen above, red beneath; median band middling broad

BUR AN LAr SLD es Uy ee Ea OE MRE Gc, hea ESA EA ISS A 98 verrilliana. -
Primaries nearly black with broad longitudinal olivaceous median band;

red beneath; median band of secondaries very narrow...... 99 ultronia var. Celia. +
Primaries white beneath..... Bugis: ..43 Briseis vars. semirelicta and grotiana, -

b. Median band of secondaries reaching inner margin.

Primariesswinte’ beneath ....... 5)... » Heats als eis cts) ee ee 43 Briseis,”
Primaries white beneath between the two black bands; red otherwise,..29 ultronia, -
rimariessredube neath syste, Acres 2 +o schemeaetenetersacrst cays leierchere Meteors 30 coccinata. —

1. Hind tibie spined between the two pairs of spurs only.

A. Secondaries yellow.

Wiehe lognnel OWESSM, bebe ab obeoe c50020nde0oseuRc PASE .C G00 3 Messalina. —
Median band wanting.
Size small; primaries with close smooth vestiture; lines almost obsolete;
basal dash wanting; reniform black, pyriform ..................... 20 nuptialis. -
Remtonnmanmulater ss. 0 Ua... oo) NNueRy Aie sees cs eeqe eeu Uapeeige 19 abbreviatella, -
Size medium; lines distinct; color uniform light gray............... 91 Clintonii. —
Size medium; t.a. line heavily shaded on costal half; reniform and t.p.
liesalSOushaGdedWalCOStawic ts c.s ec). /sraied Cee nna tis © cs lesa nye eee 94 Amestris. —
Size large; primaries light bluish gray; lines distinct. M of t.p. line strongly
produced; secondaries with median band curved even on both sides
Pg Pa tee GA et ee REECE by CIC el cA 34 parta var. petulans. ~
Primaries, yellowish brown, squammose, lines strong; secondaries with
median band irregular and marginal band broken.......... 31 Ilia var. osculata. @
Secondaries with median band outwardly even, within continuing dark to
HLoeUSe Ve ee tecsesveet Tecra er eejcven sta ects) 0 sibihtur a eanete sel ure sti\leV esas) en custo ee aan 27 cerogama, ”
Secondaries with two median bands; claws bifid............... ..... 1 nubilis, —
B. Secondaries red.

a. Third joint of palpus normal in length.
Size very large; primaries with black shade from costa over reniform to
beneath apex; subreniform russet; vestiture squammose, no basal dash
Gi ROMER oi eet ea al Ue Aegan Ca OPERA SIS, lec Bu en ..ess.-...- 80 Marmorata, -
Size large; primaries smooth bluish gray, apical and basal dashes present;
M of t.p. line prominent; secondariesidiunlllired tse ss ieee eee 34 parta. cal
Primaries white, heavily covered with black atoms and shadings; very
squammose; no apical or basal dash; subterminal space white, distinct,
ESA TZN Ce AM nora) ee me St Sp OB RSBIEENIEREIIO IS Ao.t) 0 oC 35 unijuga. -

Lightly powdered with black; subterminal space wns. serrate; subtermi-
Malolimecistinct wmecdiany bancl(Sh Orta nr leer tee ee ee 36 pura,
Primaries more bluish with russet at t.a. and t.p. lines and at reniform

FSO BROKE OID RKE WS) era Coa eR EMR 9 2, ere MOR TESS Cl ac) 87 Stretchii, 7

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 3l

37 Primaries of Faustina; secondaries of Stretchii.............+..000. 38 Rosalinda.
38 Primaries close, even light gray; s.t, space bluish; secondaries in 6 fol-

lowing species bright red, median band short, somewhat broad...... 89 Faustina.
39 Primaries squammose; cream gray instead of bluish; subterminal space

Ci Ce PRE RIVERO ECR. 0.) SMe reen e o ce Ns cat cal 40 verecunda.
40 Primaries light gray heavily lined aud powdered with black; reniform

black, subreniform white, terminal dots and s.t. dots suffused together..... 41 allusa.
41 Primaries very light bluish gray, heavily powdered with black atoms;

inessheavilyelined withwblacksy.s)....:.. . ... aaeReenae doe tenets ey dro lac 44 Hermia.
42 Primaries dark ashen, unicolorous, lines indistinct.................. 42 Mariana.
43 Primaries very dark brown and black. often reddish; s.t. space clear,

SURO Uy BSC OUALCH IA nen Meeempe ra cts. <! [2's 2.) et ole ry oe 45 electilis,

44 Primaries uniform light brown, lines distinct, reniform strongly lined or
cloudedavathablacl«sotten quadratey + saeepaeae ee seer 46 Luciana.
b. Third joint of palpus very short, size large to very large.
45 Primaries rich dark brown; secondaries bright rosy red................ 48 cara.
46 Primaries light brown, lines distinct; secondaries with discal spot below,
also red at inner margin, but not covering half the wing............. 49 amatrix.
47 Primaries gray or cream brown, lines often indistinct, secondaries with
median band narrow lengthened, below, red along inner margin, the

Rad COVEY moe tlaavn Inelbe dhe Wares GY, 2.5 saaosepeoououonagoc 50 junctura.
48 Primaries rich maroon brown, secondaries somewhat brighter red than

FULCON OS etre estes aya ots yesh au tara a, co ea) 2. nck eRe oleae at Loc ue SiS hd 51 babayaga.
49 c. Secondaries orange red............. oo Sy senda eae er see RL Ee ES ce 31 Ilia.
5 ONC SECON OMESNOLOCIO MRR SOy SN yer tects 0,8 11 VeRO ee cy tee a meas | 53 tristis.

2. Hind tibice spined between and above the two pair of spurs.

A. less than 5 spines above.
a. Secondaries yellow.

51 Small, primaries white beneath, between the two black bands..........5 gracilis.
Medium size, yellow beneath.
52 Primaries very light gray, lines light, indistinct.................... 92 Frederici.
53 Primaries dark gray, lines very heavy, median band of secondaries very
irregular, marginal band with three large scallops within ............ 95 consors.
54 Primaries yellowish or. reddish brown, lines distinct; median band of
secondaries with angle near inner margin, fringes yellow............. 96 Delilah.
55 Primaries even gray; secondaries with outer yellow space even on both
SHCIES 6.6 eh RES Sen SU NE Me AT Se 5), 47 concumbeng var. Hillii,
b. Secondaries rosy red.

RO lPinmoencs belt Ewen erehyo co. cuodeouBboee occovebobaudueos Geac 47 concumbens.
57 c. Secondaries black with white median band........ .52 relicta.
B. More than 5 spines above.

58 Secondaries bright yellow..... ....... PE «cds UO CORON IER IOC DIC 93 illecta.
KOmoecondantesnviole tne clas rains: pss, is 6. << CPR ern cents cee lok ucecione: 32 Aholibah.

Gomseccondanes)blaclausmn iene sl eretere 5 dex SUES NG EER CAO Re a 54 Epione.

@

-

a

ad

2

32 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. July 1884.)

1. Secondaries yellow.

Gree riimantesnlolaclanls skeeers wie Nach) | AMARA eth Ve ease cre parcels) antinympha, -
62 Primaries unicolorous smoky gray; lines light but disiiuct; secondaries

with yellow band narrow; base dark...... ists Ce ene mer Sleoty'c 0 56 serena. -
63 Basal and median spaces unicolorous reddish brown or blackish; outer

space lighter, unicolorous..... cin WRENS Sato 0 Ui Oe a a 57 badia. -
64 Primaries rich reddish brown; secondaries with median band and margin

road hh ieee Necewozys eee Oat. 2) sk MaMa ers © Cozies Nagel cpa ae ee 58 muliercula. -
65 Primaries light clear gray; lines light but distinct.... ...........-.. 59 habilis.—
66 Primaries blue gray, sprinkled with black; t.p. line edged outwardly

with russet; subterminal black band distinct..................... 61 paleosama —
67 Large; primaries smooth even; dull or bright light gray with considerable

russet; M of t.p. line strongly produced..................... ...- 62 neogama, ~
68 Very large; like neogama but with some squammoseness and with lines

MNOS SOCEM on decoodsciooooged scorn doe caaccndoamsceesseune 63 subnata. —
69 Primaries dark brown; lines distinct; M of t.p. line produced; beneath

TIN MH Bho! WereRSzebNNHy YUMINGS Jn Gan) ocsaassbego0oocsbcu0 ba 22: 64 piatrix. A

70 Primaries with costal half of basal space very dark,. the rest of the wing
light fawn or olive with reddish brown; beneath outer border and fringes :
SHIMGR PSs lk ea i ce aire A a cf ey RN On ea Ao ES 65 nebuleca.7

Wi SSCOnaaines CMGS Kl. gHascswedooscoaonabeousscannoocuaaaoe 60 innubens. ~

2. Secondaries black.

72eomallsmoothilightieray; lines indistinct. yi > 2%) )- ee 0. 66 Judith. ~
73 Medium size; primaries blue gray, narrower than ordinary; no basal
Gashiinmgesvorisecondaries switite) siesta irene eis eae eee C8 drjecta. —

74 Primaries light gray with just a shading of biue; reniform light russet
within also russet beyond t.p. line; basal and often apical dashes present;

ALIN eS PUTE AWAITS. Ke yacye = Vs)! Sis, Shee Nepatans ial sces ail seep ae rare .+-»-69 retecta, ~
75 Larger; primaries light gray with a general ferruginous shading, fringes
CUCL i ONCE oN Ee ee I 9c RA PREM Aa CHO 0 010.00 70 luctuosa. ~

76 Large; primaries light bright gray, basal dash present; t.a. line heavy on
costal half; shading from costa across reniform to below apex; t.p. line
clear, heavily marked; faint indication of white median band on anterior
margin of secondaries; frmge pure’ whiten... .....--- s-0. eee 71 vidua. ~

77 Very large; light squammose gray, no basal dash, reniform russety, russet
band beyond t.p. line, heavy black dash from costa over reniform below

BOA e Were do SMO ROO Abie EI MMEMMD dita Glace MOBIC’ Go 370d o.0 2 0 72 mestosa. ~
78 Large; primaries dark gray with blackish shading; heavily powdered with

black, fringes white, black at end of veins.................... Be Me) lacrymosa, oi
Vo Erimanies waite menitorm black... So /3aaiae eit see eee 74 Sappho. -
80 Primaries dark dusky brown with russet shading; lines indistinct; fringe

Waal, lolevelle tir Gavel OW WSMIS JEL awk sos odd noecnsbobausonsoesos 75 Aprippina. ~
81 Primaries smooth light even gray; lines light but distinct .......... 67 Robinsonii, “
82 Primaries with inner margin dark, basal dash present, parallel on anterior

part with inner margin; one white band beneath fore wings . ..... 76 insolabilis.
83 Primaries not black along inner margin; basal dash when present running

outward towards middle of outer margin; two white bands beneath....... 77 Angusi. a

84 Primaries uniform smoky or dark gray; subterminal space lighter; M of
t.p. line with lower tooth much the smaller............... ease .78 obscura. “a

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 33

CATOCALA ; Schrank, (cat-O-cal-a).
(Kata beneath, kalos beautiful. )

Parthenos, Hub, Verz. p. 278, Guen. Noct. 3, 79, Catocalirrhus, Andrews, C.E.
9, 20, Allotria, Hub. Verz. p. 280, Guen. Noct. 3, 36, Andrewsia, Grt. List 1883,
Pp: 41, Ephesia, Hub. Verz. p. 278, Corisce. Hub. Verz. p. 278, Eucora, Hub. Verz.
p- 278, Asitotes, Hub. Verz. p, 277, Hunetes, Hub. Verz. p. 276, Lamprosia, Hub,
Verz. p. 277, Mormonia, Hub. Verz. p. 276.

§ CATOCALIRRHUS, Andrews.

I. nubilis, Hub. (Parthenos) Samml. 2, f. 3, Verz. 2737, Guen. Noct. 3, 80,
Walk. C.B.M. 1179. Head rather small, thorax dark ashen, a black line in front,
strongly tufted behind; abdomen dark gray above, lighter below, strongly keeled dor-
sally; fore wings pointed, deeply scalloped outwardly, much rounded, color dark ashen;
basal and t.a. lines distinct, geminate; t.p. line obsolete; beyond a submarginal line,
slender, much angulated; a blackish, somewhat triangular apical dash present; reniform
large, bounded on either side by a light band, starting from costa, the outer reaching
to outer third, the inner parallel, reaching to inner margin; these are often nearly white,
and coalesce behind reniform; subreniform obsolete; hind wings bright yellow, with
two median black bands, irregular, parallel; discal lunule within strongly marked, mar-
ginal band toothed both sides, fringe yellowish. Expands 50-70 mm. Found through-
out the East and Colorado.

Of the darva, I have seen no description. I have often found it,
but can say no more than that it is dark brown, Cafoca/a like in general
appearance. It pupates beneath, or just at the surface of the ground,
Food, the common locust (Robinia pseudacacia).

§§ CATOCALA, Schrank.

2. elonympha, Hub. (Allotria) Hub. Zutr. 29, 30, Verz. 2748, Guen. Noct. 3,
1369, pl. 15, f. 11.

Thorax light gray, with tinge of yeilowish; abdomen with yellowish more marked ;
primaries with lines distinct, basal space dark, beyond t.a. line light gray often almost
white to reniform, beyond dark gray; reniform distinct, subreniform obsolete, M of t.p.
line hardly suggested, s.t. white line distinct, secondaries rather dull yellow, median
band wanting, marginal band broad, indistinct, but even on inner margin, extending
to anal margin. Beneath, wings dull, indistinct, yellowish, primaries with reniform
black, beyond an even, narrow, curved black line, also a broad marginal line; secon-
daries with discal spot, and 3 even curved bands, 2 inner and narrow, I marginal and
broad. Expands 40—45 mm. Habitat Hast and South.

The /arva according to Guenee as based on drawing of Abbott is gray
white, with a roseate tint; without fringes; variously marked with brown,
and with a substigmatal brown line; the back of the larva remains hunch-
ed in repose. It feeds some say on Walnut, others on a species of Glycine.

Bee oe
te 6 th Gaeta 9

34 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENFOM. SOC. VOL.. VII. July 1884. ]

3. Messalina, Guen. Noct. 3, p. 107, Walk. C.B.M. 1209, Belfragiana, Harv.
Buf, Bul. 2, 281, Jocasta, Strk, Rho. & Het. p. 107, Grt. Trans, A. Ent. Soc. 4, 19.

Primaries of an even violaceous gray, with all the anterior half lightened with pale
gray upon which scarcely traces of the two lines show themselves; these are flexuous.
not angulated, nearly parallel, and very approximate posteriorly, and to the reniform
which nearly reaches the bend of the t.p. line; secondaries of a pale ochre yellow, base .
a little dusky, without median band, but with a wide marginal band continued to both
borders, and having a single sinus not far from anal angle; beneath paler, with traces
of amedian band; abdomen slender, acute, brown beneath; thorax gray, with a brown
collar. Expands 50--55 mm. Habitat Kansas to Texas.

Mr. Chas. Oberthir, of Rennes, France, to whom Guenee’s types
came, informs me that when they came into his posession, all were
found to be destroyed beyond the possibility of recovery by the larve of
Anthrenus. So no identification can be made of any of Guenee’s Ameri-
can species described from imagines, from the the types themselves. All
have however heretofore been identified except AZessaiina and micronym-
pha. He gives a figure of polygzma, which easily shows it has heretofore
been incorrectly identified. Connudbiahs heretofore not identified, was
described from a colored drawing of Abbott which is now, I understand,
in the British Museum. ‘There is no doubt in my mind that the above
identification of AZessalina 1s correct. We have no other species without
median band in America, except elonympha and amica, both of which
Guenee knew. And the rest of the description is always at least fairly
accurate, except that Guenee states that the marginal band reaches the
anal border. Mr. A. G. Butler first called my attention to the fact that
this is often the case in Kansas specimens.

4. Amica, Hub. (Am-I-ca), Corisce amica, Hub. Zutr. 57, 58, Androphila,
Guen. Noct. 3, 106, Grote, Trans. Am, Ent. Soc. 4, 18, Lineella, Grt. Trans. Am.
Ent. Soc. 4, 18. i

Primaries pale gray, the lines fine, not very evident, the t.a. line the more heavily
marked; a dark shade running from costa through reniform to below apex; slightly
brown beyond reniform; t.p. line dentate, with M not prominent; subreniform indist—
inct; s.t. space whitish, serrated; secondaries bright yellow, varying to pale yellow,
without black median band; marginal band broad, broken near anal angle, with black
dot beyond marking its continuance, or without this. Beneath on hind wings the
median band is evidenced. Expands 40—45 mm. Habitat East and South.

Appears very early in the season. Lzmeella. Grt., differs from the
typical form in being somewhat darker, and lacking the apical dash.

Var. Nerissa, Hy. Edw., Bull. B’klyn. Ento. Soc. 3, 61.
This variety from Texas, has the fore wings very dark, almost black.

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 30

Larva, Guen. Noct: 3, 106. Coquillett Papilio 1,7. Body greenish gray or
yellow; a light dorsal, a dark sub dorsal, and a dark broken stigmatal stripe; the two
anterior pairs of abdominal legs partially aborted. On the 8th segment is a protuber-
ance, and in Abbott’s specimen, described by (menee, another sharper and turned
backwards on the 11th. Head gray, with two white spots. Length 1.25 inches.
Food plant Oak.

The descriptions above referred to very materially differ.

5. gracilis, Edw. Trans, Am. Ent. Soc. 2, 511, Grote l.c. 4, 17, Grote Can.
Ent. 6, 169. :

Primaries light gray, more or less clouded with blackish .on the outer and inner
margins; transverse lines indistinct; t.p. line edged outwardly with brown; s.t. space
clear gray; reniform gray, with a brown ring; secondaries deep yellow, band narrow,
curved, terminating abruptly at some distance from the inner margin; border broad,
interrupted, with spot near the angle. Expands 45 mm. MHabitat South and Fast.

Var. gordida, Grt. Can. Ent. 9, 170. Dark hoary suffused blue gray, without
basal streak on secondaries.

6. minuta, Ed. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 2, 512, Grote l.c. 4, 17.

Primaries dark glossy brown; transverse lines distinct; b. line sharply toothed;
t.a. line arched; median band generally narrow, connecting with shade along inner
margin; border interrupted but with anal spot. Expanse 40—50 mm. Eastern and
Middle States. Food plant, Locust. A variable species, the variations differing very
much in general appearance from each other.

Var. parvula, Edw. Trans, Am. Ent. Soc. 2, 511, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.
4, 17. Primaries ight brown; inner margin black.

Var. mellitula, Hulst. Base and median space olivaceous, with a brownish
shade; reniform obsolete; subreniform annulate; space from b. line t.a. line jet black;
subterminal space near costa, white; outer third darker than median space.

7- Olivia, Hy. Edw. Buil. Brookl. Ent. Soc., p. 295.

Size of grynea; primaries olivaceous; on the internal margin, and running nearly
to the middle of the wing, covering the space of the subreniform spot, is a large sub—
oblong brown patch, narrowest anteriorly, not reaching the base of the wing, and
toothed posteriorly; basal line indistinct; t.a, line quite distinct; t.p. line obsolete, save
at costa, reniform faintly defined; secondaries orange yellow; the median band is rather
narrow, constricted in the middle, and joined-to a black clouded streak, which runs
along the abdominal margin to the base; marginal band interrupted. Thorax oliva—
ceous, abdomen orange brown, darkest posteriorly, with a small longitudinal white
spot at base. Marginal band beneath, continuous. Expands 45—50 mm. Habitat
Texas.

Very rare. Has the appearance of being an aberration.

8. Grynea, Cram. (gryn-E-a) Phaleena grynea, Pap. Exot. 3, 20, pl. 208, f. H,
Ephesia grynea, Hub. Verz. 2732, Noctua grinea, Oliv. Ency. Meth. 292, 206,
C. polygama, Guen. Noct. 7, 105, pl. 16, f. 2, (2), muptula, Walk. C. B. M. 1205,
gryned, Grt. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 16. i

36 -BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. July 1884. ]

Primaries pale smooth and close dull glaucous gray; allthe lines often obsolete,
save at costa; sinus of t.p. line very deep, the line closely approaching the t.a. line at
inner margin; t.p. line outwardly, and behind sinus strongly marked with ferruginous,
as are the costal dots; secondaries deep yellow, median band angulated, recurrent to
base; border broken or not. Expands 45—55 mm. fast and South.

The description of folygama, Guen,, seems to fit this species; the
figure, which is poor, seems more like var. A/abame; neither description
nor figure approach the insect identified as po/ygama by Grote.

Var. Alabama, Grt. Proc. Acad. Sci. Phil. 1875, 427.

Primaries wanting the ferruginous shadings. After examination of
type, and other specimens, I have no doubt of the correctness of this
reference. |

Aber. constans, Hulst. Grote, Can. Ent. 13, 35. Secondaries
black, except a yellow spot at base, and two others near middle of wing.
Larva: Koebele, Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 4, 22, Coquillett, Ilis. Rep. 10, 184.
Head dark with two whitish lunules near summit; these edged behind with reddish;
body silver gray, with reddish shading, the latter more marked near head; a prominent
rust red protuberance on 11th segment; summit of legs red. Food plant Apple
and Plum.

9. preclara, Grt. & Rob. Proc. Ento. Soc, Phil. vol. 6, plate 4, f. 4.

The size of and much hke grynea, but primaries with lines distinct, with less fer—
ruginous, t.p. lme with stronger M, and smaller sinus, and the general color with a
greenish sheen; veins lined with black near apex. Secondaries with marginal band
broken. Found Eastward.

10. micronympha, Guen. Noct. 3, 102, Walk. C.B.M. 1204, Grote, Trans, Am.
Ent. Soc. 4, 15, fratercula, Grt. & Rob., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 6, 24, pl. 4, f. 3,
Trans. Am. Ento. Soc. 4, 17, Streck. Rho. Het. p. 37, pl. 5, f 8. Atarah, Streck.
Rho. Het. p. 97, pl. 11, f 10, 11.

Primaries chestnut brown, varied with whitish gray and blackish; median lines
distinct, nearing below; M of t.p. line strong, the inferior tooth smaller, sinus very
small; a black dash from costa, covering reniform, and reaching to below apex; s.t.
line whitish, undulate, nearly perpendicular; secondaries ochrey yellow, median band
narrow, angulated, returning to base along margin; border broken. Expands 40
to 55 mm.

An extraordinarily variable species. A/sarah is slightly lighter than
type form.

Var. Jaquenetta, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl. Ento. Soc. 3, 60. Prim-
aries Olivaceous, lines indistinct; a dark shading towards apex.

Var. Timandra, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brook]. Ento. Soc. 3, 60. Prim-
aries sordid white, lines distinct; secondaries with median band narrow,

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 37

Var. Hero, Hy. Edw. MSS. Primaries with large white spot
at base,

Var. Gisela, Meyer (Gis-E-la). Bull. Brookl. Ento, Soc. 2, 96.
Primaries black to t.p. line.

Larva; Coquillett, Papilio 1, 7. Head light gray, bordered above and on sides
with black; body ashen gray; the dorsal space dark gray, bordered outwardly with a
row of piliferous spots; a stigmatal row of black spots also; there is a slight prominence
on 8th segment; the two anterior pair of abdominal legs smaller than the others,
in specimens brought by Mr. Koebele from Florida, almost obsolete. Length nearly
2 inches; food plant, Live and Burr Oak.

11. similis, Edw. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, 2, 511, Grote, Papilio, 1, 159, Can, Ent.
. 9, 169, amasia, Ab. & Sm, Lept. Ga., 2, 179, pl. 90 lower figure, Guen. Noct. 3,
103, formula, G. & R. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 6, 27, pl. 1, f. 3.

Primaries gray, clouded with brown and black; lines distinct; t.a. line edged in-
wardly, t.p. line outwardly with brown; t.p. line angulated with one angle beyond
reniform in place of M, then nearly straight to sinus, which is very small; reniform
pyriform light; subreniform annulate; triangular light patch at apex, along costa; se—
condanies bright yellow; median band curved, nearly even, short; border broken. Ex-
pands 45--55 mm. Found East and South. Foot plant, Oak.

Var. Aholah, Streck. Rho. Het. p. 96, p!. 11, fi 8.
Primaries clear silver gray, with large black patch beyond reniform
extending to apex.

Var. Isabella, Hy. Ed. Bull. Brook]. Ento. Soc. 3, 60.

Primaries sordid white; lines distinct; t.p. line edged with cin-
namon brown.

Larva probably nearly the same as in amasia, thus deceiving Abbott
in the identity of the two species. His figure makes it greenish gray,
with protuberances on each segment, and with dorsal, subdorsal and
stigmatal dark lines; also an oblique dark line on each segment.

12. chelidonia, Grt. Papilio 1, 159, Ill. Essay 67, pl. 4, f. 41.

Primaries even dark fuscous gray, somewhat hoary; reniform shaded with gray;
subreniform stained with brown; linés indistinct, with course of similis; secondaries
_like similis, but with median band generally narrower. Probably representing similis

in Arizona. Expands 40—50 mm. Found in Arizona. Food plant, Scrub Oak,
(auct. Doll).

13. amasia, Ab.&Sm. Phaleena amusia, Lep. (1a, 2, 179, pl. 90, upper fig.
Noctua amasia, Oliv. Ency. Meth. 8, 290, 200, Cat. amasia, West. Nat. Lib. 37,
205, pl. 26, f. 3, Walk. C.B.M. 1204, Grt. Trans..Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 16, Cordelia,
Hy. Edw. Bull. Brook). Ento. Soc. 3, 50.

Primaries sordid white; basal half line very distinct; t.a. and t.p. lines nearly ob-
solete, the latter when evident, scalloped, not angulated; median space sordid white;
reniform blackish; t.p. line edged outwardly with cinnamon brown; subterminal line

38 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. July 1884. ]

evenly, dentate; secondaries yellow; median band often hooked; border generally
interrupted. Expands 50—55 mm. Habitat East and South East. Food plant, Pride
of India or Oak. Larva probably as that of similis q. v.

14. sancta, Hulst, connubialis, Guen, Noct. 3, 103, amasia, Streck. Rho.
Inlstt, Gf, [als @), te Ww.

Primaries clearer white than amasia, lines all strongly distinct, waved not angu—
lated; t.p. lined edged outwardly with reddish; secondaries as in amasia. Expands
50—55 1mm. Hast and South Hast.

These last two species have been much confused. Abbott’s upper
figure, from which Smith says his description was made, is undoubtedly
the insect afterwards named Cordelia by Hy. Edwards. Guenee describes
the lower figure of Abbott as amasza; but Abbott's description of the
upper figure, holds good against that of Guenee. Mr. Grote identified
the more southern form as amasia, and thus it is generally labelled in
collections. Mr. A. G. Butler writes me, this latter is connubzalis, Guen.:
but the description does not fit, and it was described from a drawing,
and so the name does not in any case hold.

15. duleiola, Grt. (dul-ClI-o-la), Papilio 1, 5.

Primaries pale greenish gray, lighter to t.a. line; t.a. lime heavy, evenly curved;
t.p. line fine; terminal space a little darker; secondaries dark yellow, with wide black
median band connected with base. Expands 50mm. Taken in Ohio, and I have
been told in Ills.

It appears very early in the season, as early as the 1st of June,

16. crategi, Saun. Can. Ent. 8, 72, pretiosa, Lint. Can. Ent. 8, 121.

Primaries sordid white, lines distinct; basal space reddish or blackish, subterminal
space some darker than median; much darker along inner margin; t.p. line with lower
tooth of M small; a heavy dark shading from M of t.p. line to below apex; little or
no reddish beyond t.p. line; secondaries deep yellow; median band heavy, returning
to base; margin generally slightly interrupted. Expands 40—50 mm. Habitat N.E.
U.S. and northward.

Larva; Saun. 1. c. p. 72. Greenish ash color varying considerably; protuberances
on each segment generally tipped with red; a marked protuberance on 8th segment
dorsally, dull red in color; fringes rosy. Feeds on Crateegus.

Pretiosa 1am unable to separate from crafegz. It has b, space
black, the lines not coalescing near inner margin.

17. blandula, Hulst, polygamu, Grt, nec. Guen. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 15.

Same as crateegi except that on primaries the base is always reddish; the M of t.p.
line with teeth nearly equal; the t.a. and t.p. line coalescing posteriorly, and the t.p.
line edged outwardly with reddish; also somewhat larger.

Larva; Reed, Can. Ent. 2, 30, Saun, l.c. 8, 72. Like the larva of crateegi, but
without the prominence to the protuberance on 8th segment, and with one on the 1ith.
Mr. Reed’s description may be the larva of erategi. Feeds on crateequs.

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 39

I feel strongly confident that crafeg? and blandula are one species,
notwithstanding the larval differences.

With regard to polygama, Guen., a glance at his figure Noct. 3,
pl. 16, f. 2, will convince any one that this species could not have been
intended. The primaries and secondaries are entirely different. The
description accords with grynea, and the figure fits it as well as any
species known to me. Moreover, Guenee in his synopsis, does not
mention eryn-a, so it as such must have been unknown to him,

18. mira, Grt. Can. Ent. 8, 230; Noct. N.A. p. 70, pl. 4, f. 43.

General markings as in d/andula, but with the whole upper surface
marked with rich chestnut brown. Expands 507—56 mm. _ Habitat,
Florida to Kansas and southward,

19. abbreviatella, Grt. Trans. Am. Ento. Soc. 4, 14, Noct. N.A. 66, pl. 4, f. 40.
Angus, Papilio 4, 37.

Primaries smooth pale gray, darker terminally; t.a. line broad, black from costa
2 across wing, then obsolete; reniform annulate, black inferiorly; subreniform faint,
black on inner margin; t.p. line faint or obsolete, not strongly angulated; secondaries
bright yellow; median band short, curved, of nearly even width; border generally
broken. Expands 45--50 mm _ Habitat Minn., Southward, and East to Ills.

Var. Whitneyi, Dodge, Can. Ent. 6, 125.

Primaries generally a brighter gray; t.a. line broadening inferiorly, before be-
coming obsolete, forming a triangular patch; reniform heavily black; border of
secondaries generally unbroken.

20. nuptialis, Walk. C.B.M. 1206, Grt. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 14, Buf.
Bull. 2, 222, Angus, Papilio 4, 37, Myrrha, Streck. Rho. Het. p. 97, pl. 11, f. 12.

Primaries above, pale gray of abbreviatella, outwardly darker; ali lines indistinct
or generally obsolete; reniform black, subpyriform; secondaries a deeper yellow;
otherwise asin Whitneyi. Expands 502—55 mm. Habitat Nebraska to ‘Texas.

I feel entirely confident that abdreviatella will finally be determined
as one with this species; but in the present status of the case I hesitate
so to refer it.

21. Clintonij, Grt. Am. Ent. Soc. Phil. 3, 89, pl. 3, f. 4, Streck. Rho. Het. 35,
pl. 5, f. 6, Helene, Pilate Pap. 2, 31.

Primaries pale smooth uniform gray; lines fine, but quite distinct. M of t.p. line
generally pronounced; basal dash generally present, also black dash at sinus of t.p.
line; veins black, subterminally; slight apical clouding; secondaries clear yellow;
median band generally constricted near middle, not reaching inner margin; mar—
ginal band generally broken. Expands 55—60 mm. Habitat, East of the Mis—
sissippi.

40 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. July 1884. ]

Helene is somewhat darker than the type form, and varies in some
minor details. The name can not stand however, as there is a C. Helena
from Siberia.

22. Frederici, Grt. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 14, Buf. Bull. 3, 217, . Ill. Essay
70, pl. 4, f. 44, Can, Ent. 9, 168.

Primaries with obliterate markings, somewhat dark olivaceous, but overlaid with
pale scales through which the lines are faintly evident; all the lines olivaceous blackish,
t.a. line widely geminate, ordinary spots obsolete, t.p. line even, regularly scalloped;
secondaries largely clear bright yellow, median band narrow, shortened, marginal
band narrow, yellow outwardly, especially at apex. Expands 50—60mm. Habitat,
Texas.

23. illecta, Walk. C.B.M. 1205, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 13, Can. Ent;
6, 199, Magdalena, Streck. Rho. Het, 93, pl. 11, f. 9.

Primaries pale even gray lightly shaded, lines fine and black, reniform small, t. 7
line acutely dentate, the lower tooth much the smaller, in general the appearance of
primaries of concumbens. Secondaries bright yellow, median band narrow, not reach—
ing the inner margin, marginal band broken. Expands 60—7o0 mm. Habitat, Ills.
and Neb. to Texas.

24 Amestris, Streck. Rho. Het. 96, pl. 11, f. 6, Hulst, Bull. Brookl. Ento. Soc.
3, 8, Papilio, 1, 215, Anna, Grt. Trans. Am. Ents Soc. Sept. 1874, Buf. Bull. 2,222,
Papilio 1, 161, Westcottii, Grt. Can, Ent. 10, 195.

Primaries ashen; t.a. line double, and from middle to costa very heavy, forming
a diagonal black bar, t.p. line fine, but distinct, heavily edged near costa with black,
reniform dark, heavily clouded. Secondaries bright yellow, median band narrow, not:
reaching the inner margin, marginal band broken, Expands 50—55 mm. Habitat,
Neb. and Ills. to Texas. Westcottii has an unbroken marginal band.

The name of this, and of ‘two other disputed species was settled
beyond reasonable question by the. letter of Mr. Chas. A. Blake,

Papilio 1, 216.

s

25. consors, Abb. & Sm. Phalcena consors, Lep. Ga. 2, 177, pl. 89, Oliv. Ency.
Meth. 8, 290, 197, Guen. Noct. 3, 99, Walk. C.B.M. 1204, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent.
Soc. 4, 11, Streck. Rho, Het. 95, pl. 11, f. 3.

Primaries dark ashen, pulverulent, concolorous, lines black, very heavy, t.p. line
with one large tooth, reniform large, black, with brown annulus within, subreniform
small, lighter, heavily annulate with black, a brown band beyond t.p. line, then light
gray. Secondaries bright deep yellow, twice constricted, yellow interspace narrow,
sinuous. Expands 75—80 mm. Habitat, Penn. to the Mississippi and Southward.

Larva, Abb. & Sm. Lep. Ga. pl. 89, Guen. Noct, 3, 99. Larva elongated, of
a clear ochrey gray color, without protuberances, clouded with blackish, with the side
and joints reddish; head concolorous, with two black streaks. Food plant Myrtle
(Myrica), and Bastard Indigo. : :

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 41

26. Delilah, Streck. (DEL-i-lah), Rho. Het. 96, pl.11, f. 7, Hulst, Bull.
Brookl. Ent. So 3, 8, Papilio, 1, 215, adoptiva, Grt. Trans. Am, Ent. Soc. Sept.
1874, Papilio 1, 161.

Primaries rich velvety yellow brown; basal dash present, t.a. line very heavy and
dark, t.p. line dark and distinct, teeth prominent and broad, s.t. space somewhat
lighter, s.t. line fine, strongly dentate. Secondaries bright yellow, median band rather
narrow, generally rectangular at bend towards inner margin; marginal band broad,
broken or unbroken. Expands 7o—80 mm. Habitat, Neb. to Ills. and Southward,
west to Arizona. Food plant Oak.

Var. Desdemona, Hy. Edw. Papilio 2, 15. Wood brown with lighter shades,
reniform brown, subreniform lighter. Secondaries rich orange. Ariz. Food plant,
Scrub Oak. (Doll.)

Var. Calphurnia, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl, Ent. Soc. 3, 59. Primaries with a
greenish tint, lines faint. Secondaries wholly black, with the exception of a central
cloud, a broad marginal band, and a central narrow band which are orange.

This species is, considering the numbers collected, a very variable
one in both the primaries and secondaries, It shows well a tendency,
common to all the Ca/vcale, that as the median band narrows, it becomes
rectangular at the bend near anal margin.

27 cerogama, Guen. (cer-OG-a-ma), Noct. 3, 96, Walk. C.B.M. 1202, Grt.
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 9, Streck. Rho. Het. 22, pl. 3, f 0, Bunkeri, Grt. Can.
Ent. 8, 230.

Primaries pale wood brown, t.a. line geminate, edged outwardly by a broad
white shade reaching from costa to subreniform; subreniform diffuse, pale brown, with
broad lighter band outwardly; t.p. line distinct. Secondaries black, with a narrow
even yellow band. Expands 80—85 mm. Habitat, Eastern, Middle and Western

States.
The variation named Bunkert has slightly more brown over the
median space of primaries, and the median band of secondaries narrower.

28 verrilliana, Grt. Can. Ent. 7, 185, Buf. Bull. 3, 217, Harvey, Buf. Bull.
3, 12, Ophelia, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl. Ent. S. 2, 95, l.c. 3, 58, Violenta, Hy. Edw.
Bull. Brookl, Ent, Soc. 3, 58.

Primaries gray, shaded with blackish, a diffuse black basal dash, t.a. densely
shaded with black, reniform small, yellowish, more or less distinctly double ringed;
t.p. line much as in blandula. Secondaries bright red, median black band narrow,

quite even, not reaching anal margin, marginal band narrow. Expands 507—60 mm.
Habitat, Cal. to Texas. Food plant, Scrub Oak,

Ophelia differs only in having somewhat heavier lines on primaries;
verrilliana is always described with bright red secondaries; Violenta is
somewhat larger and has more black.

Var. votiva, Hulst. Secondaries clear yellow. Habitat Arizona.

42 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. July 1884. }

29. ultronia, Hub. Hunetis ultronia, Sam. 2, 26, 174, f. 347, 348, Verz. 1721,
Cat, ultronia, Guen. Noct. 3, 89, Walk. C.B.M. 1197, Pack. Guide, 317, pl. 8, f. 4,
Saun. Can. Ent. 12, 4.

Primaries light gray fawn, dark almost black along inner margin, basal dash and
one at sinus present; a subapical dark shading; t.p. line fine, strongly dentated to sinus.
Secondaries bright red, median band broad, rather even, reaching anal margin. ix-
pands 60—7o mm. Habitat, Hast of the great Plains, and Texas.

Var. Celig. Hy. Edw. Bull, Brookl. Ent, Soc. 3, 58. Median band of secondaries
linear. Florida.

Var. Mopsa, Hy. Edw, l.c. 3, 58. Primaries nearly uniform brown.
Var. Adriana, Hy. Edw. l.c. 3.57. Primaries nearly uniform fawn drab.

Var. Herodias, Streck. Rho. Het. p. 121. Primaries uniform dark smoky gray;
denticulations of t.p. line very strong, and thus continued to inner margin.

Larvu, Guen. Noct. 3, 89, Pack. Guide, 317, pl. 8 f. 4a, Saun. Can. Ent. 6,
147, l.c. 12, 4. Tapers to both ends, about 2 inches long, color from clear gray to
very dark brown, with darker dots and reddish tubercles; on 8th segment a fleshy pro-
tubtrance, concolorous with body or reddish; a reddish lunule on 11th segment; two
anterior pairs of abdominal legs in earlier stages much smaller than the others. Feeds
on Wild Cherry, Plum, Dogwood and hive Oak.

30. coccinata, Grt. Trans. Am. Ent, Soc. 4, 6, Streck. Rho. Het. 21, pl. 3, f. 9,
Circe, Streck. l.c. 121, Grt. N.A. Ent. p. 22.

Primaries clear cinereous, basal dash present, lines clear, distinct, the t.a. and t.p.
lines approximating inferiorly, reniform whitish, annulate; subreniform white; a black
dash at sinus, apical dash evident, veins marked with black near margin. Secondaries
bright red; median band even, reaching anal margin, Expands 55—05 mm. Habitat
East of the Miss. and Tex, Circe simply has the black on primaries more marked.

Var. sinuosa, Grt. Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 1, 77, Can. Ent, 11, 15. Median
band of secondaries linear.

Larva, Coquillett, Papilio, 1, 56. Body dark gray, a protuberance on 8th seg-
ment, and two slight ones on 11th; head gray, edged with black, Feeds on Oak.

31. Ilia, Cram. Phaleena Ilia, Pap. Ex. 1. 53, pl. 33. figs. B, C, Hunetis Ilia.
Hub. Verz. 2717, Noctua Ilia, Oliv. Ency. Meth. 9, 266, 181, Cat. Ilia, Guen, Noct.
3, 91. Walk. C.B.M. 1199, Grt. ‘rans. Am, Ent. Soc. 4, 8.

Primaries dark cinereous, powdered with glancous scales, and shaded with black;
basal dash present, t.a. line geminate, reniform whitish, with black internal ring, sub-
reniform pale, subquadrate; M of t.p. line produced. Secondaries deep orange red,
with irregular median band. Expands 80--90 mm. Habitat U.S., east of Rocky
Mts. Olivier says it is found also in the Island of Jamaica.

Var. uxor, Guen. (nec. Hub.) Noct. 3, 92, Walk, C.B.M. 1199, Grt. Trans. Am.
Ent. Soc. 4, 8, wumbrosa, Worth., confusa, Worth., decorata, Worth., obsoleta, Worth.,
Y r F , . : fi
duplicata, Worth., conspicua, Worth. Primaries brown gray, reniform white.
a

[July 1884. _ BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 43

Var. Zoe, Behr. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 3, 24, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci.
July 1875. Secondaries lighter orange. Cal.

we Var. osculata, Hulst. Secondaries clear yellow. Ariz.

Larva. (Koebele, Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 4,22, Caulfield, Can. Ent. 7, 208,
French, l.c. 16, 12. Color of body varying from greenish gray to dirty brown, ‘very
largely given by numerous striations and lines; sometimes pinkish anteriorly; piliferous
spots more prominent than usual, no protuberance on 8th segment, those on the 11th
variable, head bilobed, greenish gray to brown. Length 2.5 to 3.5 inches.

Zia is the most variable of all our species. In some cases the prim-
aries are strongly mixed with blue. I am unable to separate Mr. Worth-
ington’s examples as proper varieties. If allowed, we must have at least
50 more names, to express the changes of this variable insect.

32. Aholibah, Streck. Rho. Het, 72, pl. 9, f. 5, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sc.
July 19, 1875, p. 26. Primaries dark gray, strongly shaded with black, basal dash
present, t.a. line geminate, diffusely black; M of t.p. line strongly produced, reniform
clouded, subreniform small, nearly white, a band of brown beyond t.p. line; a faint
subapical shading. Secondaries like /lia with a shading to the ground color,
generaily quite violet. Expands 75—80 mm, Habitat, Cal., Northward.

A species subject to very considerable variation, and in many
instances very closely approximating certain forms of /éa both in fore
and hind wings.

33. marmorata, Edw. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 2, 508. Streck. Rho. Het. 73,
pl. 9, f. 6, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. July 1875, Angus, Can. Ent. 9, 239.

Primaries diffuse light gray, with bluish shading, t.a. line edged inwardly with
white, t.p. line heavy, M broad, but not greatly produced; a diffuse black shading

running from costa, nearly hiding reniform and ending subapically. Secondaries rather
dull red.

One of our largest, rarest, and most scattered species. Expands
1ooO—110 mm. Habitat Northern U.S.

34. parta, Guen. Noct. 3, 84, pl. 16, f. 1, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 6,
Streck. Rho. Het. 38, pl. 5, f. 10, perplewa, Streck. l.c. 38, pl. 5, f. 11, amatria,
Walk. C.B.M. 1195.

Primaries close smooth even bluish gray, with basal, apical, and sinus shadings,
lines fine, but distinct; M of t.p. line produced, a white band from within reniform,
extending obliquely outward, including subreniform, not reaching inner margin.
Secondaries rather dull red, median band even, curved, not reaching inner margin.
Expands 80--85 mm. Habitat Eastern U.S.

Perpleaxa is slightly more shaded with blue and lighter.

~ Var. petulans, Hulst. Secondaries yellow, with just a shading of reddish along
anal margin.

44 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. July 1884. ]

Larva; Hy. Edw. Papilio, 3, 24. Dull fawn color; a pale brownish dorsal, and
a subdorsal line slightly waved; also a brown stigmatal line; head edged with a black
line. Food plant Willow and Poplar.

35 unijuga, Walk. C.B.M. 1194, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent, Soc. 4, 5, Streck.
Rho. Het. 37, pl. 5, f. 9, junctura, Grt. (nec. Walk.) Trans. Am, Ent. Soc. 4, 5, Can.
Ent. 9, 168, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 56, Lucilla, Worth. Papilio 3, 40.

Primaries very light squammose gray, heavily powdered and shaded with black
atoms; the base, reniform and terminal space, especially heavily shaded; t.a. line
geminate, diffuse; t.p. line rather heavy, M not very strong, the line below dentate;
subreniform white; a diffuse white spot beyond reniform; s.t, line white, dentate.
Secondaries red, somewhat shaded at base, with black median band strong, reaching
anal margin; marginal band broad. Expands 80—85 mm. Habitat, N.H. U.S. and
Northward.

I am not able to see any distinct difference in Lwz/la.

Var. Meskei, Grt. Can. nt. 5, 161, lc. 5, 233, lc. 9, 168, Hy. Edw. Bull,
Brookl, Ent. Soc. 39 5Y-,

Primaries somewhat lighter than wnijugu. Secondaries with median and marginal
bands narrower, the former not reaching anal margin.

Var. heaniana, Grt. Can. Ent. 10, 195, Noct. N.A: 67, pl. 4, f. 42, Hy. Edw.
Bull. Brook]. Ent. Soc. 3, 55.

Primaries darker than unijuga. Secondaries with median band more even, not
reaching anal margin.

Larva; Kellicott, Can. Ent. 13, 38, Bunker (Meskei), l.c. 15, 100. Gray to gray
‘drab; nearly concolorous, without protuberances. Food plant, Poplar and Willow.

36. pura, Hulst, Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 2, 96, Papilio, 1, 218, Grote, lc. 1,
163, Can. Ent. 15, Il, 13.

Primaries white, lightly and diffusely shaded with blackish; lines much as in
unijuga; submarginal space whitish, evenly and strongly dentate outwardly; a slight
longitudinal shading from base, across the wing, parallel with inner margin often
present. Secondaries bright red; marginal band not much curved, short. Expands
75—80mm. Habitat, Col. and New Mexico.

I would have no hesitancy in referring pura as a synonym of semi-
relwta, and both as a var. of Brisers, were it not that in pura the hind
tibize are spinulated. In coloration they very closely resemble each other.
It is my present idea that pura is the form uwnyuga takes in Col. and
N. Mex., as Syre/chit may be along the Pacific Coast.

37- Stretchii, Behr. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 3, 24, Hy. Edw. Cal. Acad. Sci.,
July 19, 1875.

Primaries like wnijuga, but without white beyond reniform, and on subreniform;
and with shadings of cream brown, especially on median space and beyond t.p, line.
Secondaries bright red, bands narrower than in unijuga. Expands 80mm. Habitat,
Cal. and Ariz.

pe ai

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 45

Var. Portia, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 2, 94. Secotidaries with margin
broken.

Var. Augusta, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad, Sci. Oct. 18, 1875. Primaries with
less bluish, and lacking cream brown; lines lighter.

Var. Hippolyta, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. July 19, 1875; Streck. Rho.
Het. p. 99, Jessica, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. Jan. 15, 1877. Even blue gray;
lines indistinct. Secondaries with both bands very narrow, rectangular near anal
margin. Jessica, has these tendencies not so marked as Hippolyta.

38. Rosalinda, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 55.

Primaries much like Faustina though less definite. Secondaries like Stretchii.
Expands 7o—75 mm. Habitat, Col., Kansas.

39- Faustina, Streck, Rho. Het. 21, pl. 3, f. 8. Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad.
Sci. July 1875, Perdita, Hy, Edw., Streck. Rho. Het. 100, l.c. 129, Proc. Cal. Acad.
Sci. July 1875, Zillah, Streck. Rho. Het. 129.

Primaries bluish gray, powdered with brown atoms; lines well defined; reniform
distinct, annulate; subreniform white; a white space within reniform. Secondaries
bright red; median band moderately wide, angulated at center outwardly, Expands
70—75 mm. Hab. S. Cal. and Ariz.

Zillah has more reddish on secondaries,

40. yerecunda, Hulst. Primaries light cream gray; lines and secondaries prac—
tically as in Fuustina. Expands 7o—75 mm. Habitat, Montana,

Taken in numbers by H. K. Morrison.

41. allusa, Hulst. Primaries light gray; heavily marked with blackish; basal
space very dark; t.a, and t.p. lines very heavy; reniform nearly black; subreniform
round, whitish; spots of s.t. line, and s.t. spots suffused together, forming a row of

_lengthened quadrate spots. Secondaries as Faustina. Expands 75 mm. Habitat,

Wash. Ter.

42. Mariana, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. July 19, 1875, Streck. Rho,
Het. go.
Primaries dark iron gray with a bluish tinge; lines as Briseis; reniform blackish
and indistinct; subreniform lighter. Secondaries rose color; bands as in Fuustina.
Expands 7o—75 mm. Habitat, Cal.

Var. Francisca, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl. Ent, Soc. 3, 57. Primaries with a
uniform dull greenish tinge.

43. Briseis, Edw. (Bris-E-is), Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 2, 508, Grote, Trans. Am.
Ent. Soc. 4, 5, Streck. Kho. Het. 20, pl. 3, f. 7, parta, Walk. C.B.M. 1193.

Primaries gray brown; lines indistinct; M oft.p. line not strongly produced,
teeth moderately broad, the lower the smaller; t.p. line evenly scalloped below to
sinus, which 1s not deep; reniform indistinct; subreniform lighter; submarginal space
much lighter. Secondaries bright red, with bands as in allied species, save that
median band generally reaches anal margin. Expands 75--80 mm. Habitat, Northern
and Eastern U.S.

46 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL July 1884.)

War. srotiana, Bailey, N.A. Ent. 21. Larger than Briseis, with subreniform
and s.m. space white, and strongly contrasting. Median band of secondaries as in
allied species.

Var. semirelicta, Grt. 6th An, Rep. Peab. Acad. Sci. 39, Buf. Bull. 2, pl. I,
f. 11, Papilio, 1, 163, Can. Ent. 15, 11, Streck. Rho. Het. 121, Hulst, Papilio 1,
218, Bull. Brookl. Ent, Soe. 3. 11. Very like pura in appearance q. v.

44. Hermia, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl.. Ent. Soc. 2, 93.

Primaries brown gray; linés and markings very distinct; t.p. line like Briseis
save that the sinus is deep, so it nearly reaches t.a. line near inner margin. Second-
aries as in allied forms. Expands 80mm. Habitat, Col.

45, electilis, Walk. C.B.M. 12009, Butler. Papilio I, 171.

Primaries dark cinereous, speckled with, black, and with a blackish diffuse band
across the. middle concealing the reniform spot; lines distinct; submarginal ‘line un-
dulating, incomplete. Secondaries as in allied species. Expands 80 mm. Habitat,
Cal. Mex.

+ Var. californica, Edw. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 2,-509, Streck. Rho. Het. oy pl. 11,
f. 13, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad.Sci. July 1875.
Primaries much lighter; submarginal white line prominent, distinct, serrate.
+ Var. Cleopatra, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. July 1875, Streck. Rho. Het.

99. Color of californica, but with lines indistinct and s.m. band hardly apparent.
Habitat, Cal. : :

* Var. Irene, Behr. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 3, 24, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad.
Sci. July 1875, Virgilia, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl. Ent, Soc..3, 56. . Primaries brown.
Habitat, Cal. ; 3

Var, Volumnia, Hy. Edw. l.c. 3. 56. Primaries’ much dashed with white;
median band reaching anal margin. A be

Var. Valeria, Hy. Edw. l.c. 3 56. Poiunaes light fawn color;. median band
narrow. Habitat, Ariz.

It has been difficult for me to arrive at a decision with regard toa
number of species given above. /ausfma will 1 am confident be found
to intergrade with verecunda; likewise Briseis with JZariana; indeed of
Brisets 1 have a specimen-from New York,» which is the counterpart of
Mariana. In fact from verecunda through Faustina, allusa, Mariana,
Briseis, Cleopatra, Hermia, and caltfornica:to Lrene;.1 am:confident from
the varivus collections about New York a complete and unbroken series
of intergrading specimens could be made. ‘The above however gives my
present opinion in view of what I think can be relied upon.

46. Luciana, Hy. Edw. Proc, Cal. Acad. Sci. July 1875, sire The Het.

p--99, Nebruskcee, Dodge, Can. Ent. .7, 2, Grote.,l.c..7, 2,, Hy. Edw. Bull» Brookl.
Ent. Soc. 3, 54.

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM, SOC. VOL. VIL. - 47

Primaries brownish gray, with yellowish tinge; all the Imes and spots heavy and
strongly marked, shading into black on the margin; reniform large, blackish, sur—
rounded with a paler ring; subreniform open, fawn drab. Secondaries yellowish red;
median band narrow, widest at center, not reaching anal margin. Expands 75—8o0
mm. Habitat, Nebraska, Kansas, Col.

Var. Somnus, Dodge, Can. Ent. 13, 40. Primaries head and thorax black, thinly
powdered with gray scales; abdomen and long scales at base of hind wings black.

47. concumbens, Walk, C.B.M. 1198, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 7, Streck.
Rho. Het. 39, pl. 5, f. 12, Dianu, Hy. Edw. Bull, Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 57.

Primaries pale violaceous brown, mixed with gray, lightest towards costa, lines
fine, but distinct; reniform vague, whitish, pale brown within. Secondaries bright
pink; median band very broad, rapidly narrowing towards anal margin, which it does
not reach; the submarginal pink space even, through its whole length. Expands 75 to
85 mm. Habitat, N. and N.E. U.S. and Northward.

Diana has the abdomen partly pink.

Aber. Hullii, Grt. Papilio, 3, 43. Secondaries yellow in place of pink.

Larva; Saun. Proc, Ent. Soc. Phil. 2, 29. Head dark gray intermixed with
red; upper surface dirty brown, with light dorsal stripe; a small protuberance on 8th
segment, and iunule on roth. Food plant, Willow and Poplar.

48. cara, Guen, Noct. 3, 87, Walk. C.B.M. 1196, Grote, Trans. Am, Ent. Soc.
4, 7, Streck. Rho. Het. 98, pl. 11, f. 14.

Primaries deep blackish brown; lines narrow, distinct anteriorly; lines and veins
shaded with olivaceous. Secondaries intense rose red, with a broad even black median
band reaching anal margin. Expands §5—95 mm. Habitat, Middle and Hastern
States and Northward.

Var. carissima, Hulst, Bull. Brookl, Ent. Soc. 2, 97, Sylvia, Hy. Edw. l.c. 3,57.
Primaries rich velvety biown, spotted and flecked with olivaceous scales, which form
a large spot at apex. Expands 907—100 mm. Habitat, S. and E. from cara. Sylvia
is slightly more spotted with olivaceous.

Larva; French, Papilio 2, 157, .Koebele, (carissima) Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc.
4, 22.—2.5 inches in length. Color after 1st moult, whitish green; after 2nd, almost
black; after 3rd, striped with two shades of brown, this color remaining through the
rest of the history; the lighter color prevails dorsally the darker laterally; two subdor-
sal black lines, and one stigmatal; a protuberance on 8th segment, pale orange, spotted
with black; head brown, mottled with blackish carneous; it moults 5 times. Food
plant, Willow and Poplar.

49. amatrix, Hub. Lumprosia amatrix, Noct. f. 487, Saml. 2, f. 3, 4, Verz.
2722, Cat. amatrix, Guen. Noct. 3, 86, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 7, Streck.
Rho, Het. 98, pl. 11, f. 15, selecta, Walk. C.B.M. 1197, nurus, Walk. C.B.M. 1195,
Streck. f. 16, Editha, Edw.

Primaries even light brown, nearly unicolorous; lines fine distinct; M of t.p. line
strongly produced, teeth about equal; reniform darker, doubly annulate; subreniform
lighter. Secondaries rosy red; median band generally much like cara, but not reach—

48 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. July 1884. ]

nn ent SEUSS NDE
\

ing anal margin; when narrow, it is incised within at the middle of wing. Expands
95—105 mm. Habitat, East of the Miss., Texas and Ariz.

Nurus differs in having the longitudinal shading.

Larva; Kellicott, Papilio 1, 142, French, l.c. 4, 8. Ground color very pale lilac
white, with 3 dorsal and 3 lateral stripes; slight protuberance on 8th segment, clay
colored; a pair of slight protuberances on 11th segment. Food Willow and Poplar,
moults 5 times.

50. junctura, Walk. C.B.M. Grt. Can. Ent. 14, 47, l.c. 15, 12, Walshii. Edw.
Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 2, 509, Grt. Can. Ent. 5, 233, l,c. 15, 12, Papilio 1, 103, Hulst,
lc. 1, 218, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 55.

Primaries dark cinereous very slightly and par‘ly clouded with black; lines indist—
inct, slightly and diffusely bordered with brown, as is also the subreniform; s.t. line
dentate quite distinct. Secondaries red lead color; median band rather narrow, nearly
straight, angulated near end, not reaching anal margin. Expands 100-—-110 mm.
Habitat, Texas.

Var. Arizons, Grt. Can. Ent. 5, 163, Lc. 5, 233. Primaries a little darker,
with less brown; lines a little more distinct.

Very close to junctura, but the form seems to be permanent in
Colorado, and incidental through Utah and Southward. (See note be—
low on Jabayaga. )

Var. Aspasia, Streck. Rho. Het. p. 94. Primaries largely light creamy brown,
less unicolorous than junctura. S.W. Texas.

Var. Cassandra, Hy. Edw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. July 1875, Bull. Brookl. Ent.
Soc. 3, 56, Sara, French, Can. Ent. 15, 163.

Primaries much darker, almost black on basal space, along inner and outer
margin.

51. babayaga, Streck. Papilio 4, 73, Arizonw, Grt, Can. Ent, 13, 232,
Gs 15; Ue

Primaries rich velvety reddish brown; otherwise as jyunctura. Expands 100 mm.
Habitat. Ariz. Food plant, Willow (Auct. Doll.).

Mr. Grote has long claimed this insect to be his Arzgone; but his
type of Avzzon@ is in the posession of the Ent. Soc, of Phila. and is not
this species. Nor does his description tally with this, but with the type.
We can not take his recollection against this evidence.

52. relicta, Walk. C.B.V. 1193, Cat. fraxini, Guen. Noct. 3, 83, Grote, ‘Trans.
Am, Ent. Soc. 4, 4, Can. Ent. 7, 186, lc. 8. 231, Streck. Rho. Het. 19, pl. 3,
f.5,6, Bianca, Hy. Edw. Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 54, Phrynia, Hy. Edw.
lie. 3, 54.

Primaries white, powdered and shaded more or less with black; easily known by
the even white median band on the otherwise black secondaries. Expands 80—85 mm.
Habitat, Middle and Eastern States and Northward. Food plant, White Birch and
Silver Poplar; and probably all species of Betula and Populus.

| July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN HNTOM. SOC. VOL. VIE. . 49

Phrynia, differs from the ghter type form by having the fore wings
: § yP, ) § 8
pretty evenly powdered with black, and Branca by having the basal space,
and the t.p. region quite dark. oe

53. tristis, Edw. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. 2, 511, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4,
4, SSimecles oo, Talett, 77, jell, By th ie

Primaries light gray, blackish along inner margin, lines indistinct; t.p. line with-
out prominent teeth; reniform blackish; subterminal Ime white, serrated. Secondaries
black; fringe white at apex. Expands 4o—5o mm. Habitat, Hastern, Middle and
Western States, and Northward.

54. Epione, Dru. (Ep—L-o-ne), Noctua Hpione, Ins. 1, 47, pl. 23, f. 2, Cram.
Pap, Ex. 2, pl) 102, f. KH, F, 7 Fab. Sys. Ent. 3, 2: 163, Oliv. Hncy. Meth. 8, 288,
190, Mormoniu Epione, Hub. Verz. 276, 2712, Cat. Hpione, (Guen. Noct. 3, 93,
Walk. C.B.M. 1200, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 2.

Primaries very dark gray; lines heavy; t.p. line not strongly angulated, and al-
most without sinus; reniform reddish; a reddish band beyond t.p. line then, lighter
often almost white, serrated outwardly. Secondaries black; fringes pure white.

Larva; Guen. Noct. 3, 93. Body reddish gray, marbled with bluish gray; a
subdorsal black line interrupted at the middle of each segment; a paler lateral band;
no protuberances; head gray with two red points. Feeds on Uak.

§$§ CATABAPTA, Hulst.

55- antinympha, Hub. Ephesia antinympha, Verz, 278, 2731, Phaleena para—
nympha, IDirwi, Um, iy AIO), folk, Bai, th (© Cat affinis, Wess IDan. i avi, joll, as, th,
melanympha, Guen. Noct. 3, 98, antinympha, Walk. C.B.M. 1203, Grote, Trans. Am,
Ent. Soe. 4, ig, Stiraclke, Nino, Iai Bo, jo i Fo

Primaries dead black, with velvety black lines; often a lighter spot before reni—
form and subreniform. Secondaries bright yellow; median band even, moderately
broad. Expands 50—60mm. Habitat, Eastern, Middle, and Western States.

56. gerena, Edw. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. 2, 510, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4,
13), Sime, INI, Jaletlg 2ey jplle ay i ae

Primaries close even uniform smoky gray; lines fine but distinct; t.p. line with but
one prominent tooth; reniform brownish; subreniform round, a little lighter. Second—
aries light yellow; median band narrow, angulated; yellow interspace, often very
narrow, Expands 60 65 mm. Habitat, Northern and Eastern U.S. It also occurs
in Hastern Siberia. Foed plant, Hickory, (Auct. Angus).

57- badia, G. & R, Proc, Ent. Soc. Phila. 6, pl. 4, f. 1, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.
4, 12, Andrews, Can. Ent. 8, 198.

Primaries pale chestnut brown, with two transverse dark brown shades obscuring
the ordinary lines; the first within the t.a. line, the second over and without the t.p.
line. Secondaries light bright yellow, quite even, middling broad. Expands 60 to
70mm. Habitat, Eastern, and Middle States to Mass. Food plant, Wax Myrtle,
(Myrica).

50 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. July 1884.)

Var. celebs, Grt Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Sept. 1874, Can. Ent. 10, 233, lc. 15,
23, Hulst, Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 9.

Primaries with brown all lost, being replaced with black and gray, and these
broken up; lines very distinct; appearance decidedly like consors. Secondaries like
badia. Found in Maine and N. New York.

Var. Phebe, Hy. Edw. MSS. A form intermediate between celebs and badia,
in which the brown holds, but is broken into bands and edgings, and the lines are
distinct. Found in Mass. and N. Hampshire.

58. muliercula, Guen. Noct. 3,97, Walk. C.B.M. 1203, Grote, Trans, Am,
Ent. Soc. 4, 12, Streck. Kho. Het. 74, pl. 9, f. 9.

Primaries deep rich brown shaded with bluish over the median space; lines dist—
inct; t.a. line rather heavy near costa; t.p. line with M prominent; s.t. white space
evident; subreniform light. Secondaries deep yellow; median band moderately broad,
often quite constricted near middle; marginal band broad, with two scallops inwardly.
Expands 60--7o mm. Habitat, Eastern, Middle, and Western States:

Var. peramans, Hulst. Primaries darker. Secondaries almost entirely black,
the yellow interspace showing only brokenly.

Larva; Guen. Noct. 3, 97. The larva is very much attennated, quite narrow at the
extremities and swollen in the middle. It is reddish yellow in color with gray sub—
dorsal and stigmatal lines; the head is concolorous with the body with two white
dashes laterally. Feeds on Wax Myrtle (Myrica).

59. habilis, Grt. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 11, basilis, Grt. Can. Ent. 8, 230.

Primaries quite unicolorous pale gray with a greenish tint; lines black, narrow,
often indistinct; M of t.p. moderately strong, the upper tooth the more prominent;
submarginal space whitish, serrated. Secondaries dull, dark yellow; median band
rather slight, constricted, narrowing towards anal margin and often reaching it.
Expands 60 —70 mm. Habitat, Eastern, Middle, and Western States. [ood plant,
Hickory, (Auct. Angus).

Basilis differs only in the presence of the basal dash.

60. innubens, Guen. Noct. 3, 98. Walk. C.B.V. 1203. Grote, Trans. Am.
Ent. Soc. 4, 8, Hinda. French, Papilio 1, 111.

Primaries rich brown, powdered with glaucous scales; lines distinct, black; M
of t.p. line strong, teeth broad, even; reniform brown, annulate with pale white;
subreniform pale, often nearly white, small; at the apex resting on costa is a large
triangular whitish spot. Secondaries reddish orange; median band rather broad, quite
even. Expands 65—70 mm. Habitat, Eastern, Middle, and Western States.
Food plant Walnut.

Hinda has broad, darker brown shading from base to apex.
Var. flavidalis, Grt. Papilio 1, 63. Secondaries yellow.

Var. gcintillans, G. & R. Proc. Ent, Soc. Phila. 6, 28, pl. 4, f. 0, Trans. Am.

Ent. Soc. 4, 8.
Primaries very dark, nearly black, uniform to t.p. line.

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 51

61. paleogama, (cuen. (pal-le-OG-a-ma), Noct. 3,97, Walk. C.B.M. 1202,
Grote, ''rans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 10, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. 3, pp. 87, 541, pl. 3, f. 2,
Annida, Fager, Can. Ent. 14, 120.

Primaries gray, powdered with greenish gray and black scales, and shaded with
blackish, and with bright brown in s.t. space; lines rather broad, distinct; reniform
rounded, brown or black, indistinct; subreniform pale, small; sinus of t.p. line broadly
marked, acute, not deep; teeth of M strong. Secondaries dark yellow; median band
narrow, much constricted, reaching internal margin. Expands 7o—75 mm. Habitat,
Eastern, Middle, and Western States. Food plant, Walnut.

‘The larva I have taken with those of zeogama, but it was not enough
different to arrest my attention. Avmz/a differs in having the posterior
half of the primaries darker.

Var. phalanga, Grt. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. 3, 86, pl. 3, f. 1, Trans. Am. Ent.
Soc. 4, 11. Primaries with basal space black, a black band beyond t p. line, the rest
light gray.

62. neopama, Abb. & Sm, (ne-OG-a-ma), Phalena neogama, Lep. Ga. 2, 175,
pl. 88, Oliv. Ency. Meth. 8, 290, 195, West. Nat. Lib. 37, Ex. Moths, 202, pl. 26,
f. 1, 2, communis, Grt. rans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4.9, neogama, Guen. Noct. 3, 96,
Walk. C.B.M” 1202, Streck. Rho. Het. 35, pl. 5, f. 4,5, Grt. Papilio, 1, 163,
Lee By ck

Primaries light gray, marked within t.a. line, at reniform, and beyond t.p. line,
with light brown; all lines evident, but not always distinct; M of t.p. line produced,
sinus large; basal and subapical dashes generally present. Secondaries yellow, median
band constricted and angulated. Expands 75—90 mm. Habitat, East of Rocky
Mounts and Ariz. Communis has the hind wings a little darker yellow than the
type form.

Var, snowiana, Grt. Pap. 1, 163, l.c. 2, 8. Described from an aberrant and
somewhat aborted specimen from Kansas, with primaries much more heavily marked
with black. It is with great hesitancy I write this a variety.

The specimens from Ariz. have the marginal border of the hind
wings broken.
Larva; Guen. Noct. 3, 96. Color brownish gray, formed by many longitudinal
strize on light ground; piliferous points separate as is usual. Feeds on Walnnt.

63. subnata, Grt. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 3, 326, ‘Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 9,

Streck. Rho. Het. 34, pl. 5, f. 3.

An insect very much tike neogama, but generally larger, with lines and markings
more diffuse. and the teeth of the M of t.p. line very strongly produced. Expands 95
to 105mm. I have seen a specimen, which would not measure more than 70 mm.
Habitat, Eastern and Middle U.S. Food plant, Walnut, (Auct. Angus).

I am in much doubt as whether this is a distinct species,. Mr. Grote

52 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VD. July 1884 ]

gives 5 points of difference; the more slender body parts, the greater
expanse, the large open subreniform, the paler hind wings, and the
more acutely dentate t.p. line. But all these vary through both species.
I see nothing but a more general diffuseness, a very unsatisfactory speci-
fic distinction.

64. piatrix, Grt. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. 388, 532, pl. 3, f. 3, Trans. Am. Ent.
Soc. 4, 10, Streck, Rho. Het. 74, pl. 9, f. 8.

Primaries dark wood brown, or blackish brown, slightly silky, darker shaded in
the subbasal space, on the costa, above discal cell, and subapically; t.a. line geminate,
outer line sometimes less distinct; reniform shaded with black; subreniform pale; t.p.
line with M prominent, and sinus heavy; s.t. line geminate, with grayish between.
Secondaries deep yellow, internal margin and base dusky; median band not much
constricted. Expands 85—95 mm. Habitat, Hast of Plains. Food plant, Walnut,
Hickory and Persimmon, (Auct. Koebele).

Var. Dionyza, Hy. Edw. MSS. A form from Arizona with lighter primaries,
and with secondaries bright yellow.

65. nebulosa, Edw. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. 2, 510, Streck. Rho. Het. 75, pl. 9,
f. 11, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 11, ponderosa, G. & R. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil.
O22), jolly Al, ik we

Primaries gray cream color, variable in depth of tint, much shaded with deep
brown; basal space dark brown or black, except along inner margin; reniform doubly
annulate, not distinct; subreniform small; t.p. lime distinct, M prominent. the lower
tooth shorter; outer third browner with violet shade. Secondaries dark yellow, median
band not much constricted; marginal band broad; margin yellow. Expands

ee. mm. Habitat, Middle and Western States.

66. Judith, Streck. Rho. Het. 95, pl. 11, f. 5. Hulst, Bull. Brook]. Ent. Soc.
3, 8, Papilio 1, 215, Levettei, Grt. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Sept. 1874, Papilio 1, 160.

Primaries close even light gray, with a dusky shade; lines fine, faint, sometimes
party obsolete; no basal or apical dashes; reniform brownish, annulate with whitish;
M of t.p. line with upper tooth broad, much the larger; as.t. lighter band. toothed
strongly at M oft.p. line. Secondaries black, fringes dark. Expands 40—50 mm.
Habitat, Eastern and Middle States. Food plant, probably Hickory, (Auct. Angus.)

Var. Miranda, Hy. Edw. Papilio 1, 111. Differs in bemg smaller, and with
fringe of secondaries whitish on outer margin to apex.

67. Robinsonii, Grit. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 20, Streck. Rho. Het. 71, pl. 9,
f. 1, curvata, French, Papilio 1, 218.

Primaries even, smooth, pale greenish cinereous, generally without shades; lines
fine, distinct; M of t.p. line middling strong; a black shading on costa at reniform;
reniform lighter; a s.t. white space beyond t.p. line. Secondaries black; fringe white.
Expands 75—80 mm. Habitat, Middle and Western States. Food plant, Hickory,
(Auct. Angus). Curvata is the name given to the form with basal and apical dashes.

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 53

68. dejecta, Streck. Bull. Brookl.Ent. Soc. 2, 97.

Primaries narrower and more pointed than usual, light gray, heavily shaded
with bluish, without dashes; a pale spot before reniform, which is dark; subreniform
lighter; VI of t.p. line strong, teeth subequal. Secondaries black; fringe white blackish
at ends of veins. Expands 70—75 mm. Habitat, Eastern, Middle, and Western
States.

69. retecta, Grt. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 4, 4, Streck., Rho. Het. 71, Dios 2s
flebilis, Grt. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 4,4, Can. Ent. 8, 229, Streck. Rho. Het. 71,

ipl. 9, f. 3, 4.

Primaries pearlly cinereous, dash at base, and at sinus of t.p. line; lines distinct;
M of t.p. line strongly produced, teeth nearly equal. Secondaries black; fringe white.
Expands 7o—75 mm. Habitat, Middle and Western States. Food plant, Hickory
(Auct, Angus).

Flebilis has a diffuse black shading reaching from base, longitudinally across
wing to apex.

70. luctuosa Hulst. Primaries like retecla in markings, but with apical shading;
wings broader and outwardly more rounded, and more or less generally covered
with a brownish shading, often with a violet tinge. Secondaries black, with fringes
broader and dull white, and marked with black at end of veins. Expands 75—80 mm.
Habitat, Middle, and Western States. Food plant, probably Hickory. ~

This species I find in collections generally labelled reéecta. Mr. Grote
in his description speaks nothing of the reddish, and#Mr. Strecker’s
figure does not show it. ‘The typical specimens in Phila. cover both
species. I describe and name the form, Mr. Grote did not.

71. vidua, Abb, & Sm. Phaleenu vidua. Lep. Ga. 181, pl. 92, Grote, ‘Trans.
Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 3, Check List N.A. Moths, p. 65, despeyata, Guen. Noct. 3, 95,
Walk. C.B.M. 1200, Grote. Trans, Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 3, Streck. Rho. Het. 33, pl. 5,
f. 2, Hulst, Bull. Brookl. Ent, Soc. 3, 12.

Primaries with the color of retecta and markings of luctuosa, through these are
here heavier and more decided; t.a. line heavily geminate, connecting half way with
heavy black basal dash; apical and sinus shading heavy; t.p. line with M very much
produced. Secondaries black, slightly gray at base; deep white fringe; in some spe—
cimens there is near anterior margin a faint indication of a white median band. Ex—
pands 80--90 mm. Habitat, Middle, Western, and Southern States,

Larva; greenish gray, with many black lines; whiter laterally; slight protuber—
ances on each segment; head gray, edged behind with black. Feeds on Oaks, (Abb.),
Hickory, (Angus), and Walnut, (Koebele).

72. mastosa, Hulst, viduwa, Guen. (nec. Abb, & Sm.) Noct. 3, 94, viduata,
Guen. Noct. 3, 400, Grote, Trans. At. Am. Ent. Soc. 4, 3, Check List, N.A. Moths,
p. 65, Streck. Rho. Het. 17, pl. 3, f. 2, Hulst, Bull. Brookl. Ent, Soc. 3, 12.

54 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII.’ July 1884.) -

Primaries very nearly the color of vidua; lines diffuse, not strongly distinct; t.p.
line with M strong; sinus comparatively small; no basal dash; reniform reddish;
reddish band beyond t.p. line; t.a. clouded with black at costa, and a heavy diffuse
black shade from costa above reniform, through M of t.p. line to below apex. Second.
aries black, dull gray at base; fringe white, ends of veins black. Expands 95—105
mm. Habitat, Southern States. Food plant, Walnut.

I have made the disposition of this species I have, as I see no
other way out of the difficulty. It seems universally agreed that des-
perata, Guen., is vdua, Abb, and Sm. There is no course to follow,
but that which is always taken, to call it by the name under which it
was first described, and under which it, its larva, and food plant
were as well figured. The name desperafa can not properly stand.
Mestosa is the insect called vduata by Guen.. which was only a putting
in another form the name wdua of Abbott, whose species Guenée thought
this was. Vidua and vwiduata are practically the same names; were
meant to be thesame. The only solution, and the one which has been
universally followed in the science, is to give the mistaken speciesa name,
which I have here done.

73. lacrymosa, Guen. Noct. 3, 93, Walk, C.B.M. 1199, lachrymosa, Grote,
Trans. Am, Ent. Soc. 4, 19, Streck. Rho. Het. 18, pl. 3, f. 3, Ululume, Streck.
lic. 133.

Primaries light cinereous, heavily and quite uniformly powdered with black
atoms; slight basal dash present; lines fairly strong, but often lost in the black pow-
dering; t.a. line often confused and broken; t.a. line with teeth medium; reniform
brownish; a brownish band beyond t.p. line. Secondaries black, fringe white, black

at end of veins. Expands 75—85 mm. Habitat, lower Middle and Westein States
and Southward. Food plant; probably Oak and Walnut.

Ululume differs in being less strongly powdered with black, and in having with
the lines more distinct.

Var. Evalina, French, Papilio, 1, 110, Hmilia, Hy. Edw., l,c, 1, 117. A form
having the basal, outer third, and inner half of the primaries nearly or quite black.

Var. Zelica, French, Papilio 1, 110. Primaries with t.a. line inwardly, and t.a.
line outwardly, having a black band across the wing.

Var. Paulina, Hy. Edw., Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 54. Primaries black to
t.p. line.

74. Sappho, Streck. Rho. Het. 95, pl. 11, £ 4, French, Papilio 1, 57.

Primaries pure white, somewhat clouded with black and light brown; lines in—
distinct; reniform reddish; black on costa at beginning of t.a. line, and above reni—
form. Secondaries black, fringes white or dark. Expands 75—80 mm. Habitat,
Western States and Southward. |

[July 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII.: 55

75. Agrippina, Streck. Rho. Het. 95, pl. 11, oh 2

Primaries uniform blackish gray, powdered with dusky reddish brown; lines
black, heavies: on costa; reniform indistinct, brown; brown band beyond t.p. line.

Secondaries black; fringes dull white. Expands 75-85 mm. Habitat, Middle and _

Southern States.

Var. subviridis, Harv. Can. Ent. .9, 193, Streck. Rho. Het. 95, pl. 11. f. 3.
Primaries shaded with light silky green; much lighter along inner margin.
\

Agrippina is subject to very: great variation in the color of primaries.

76. insolabilis, Guen. Noct. 3, 94, Walk. C.B.M. 1200, Grote, Trans. Am. Ent.
Soc. 4, 3, Buf. Bull. 187, pl. 5, f. 3, Streck, Rho. Het. 33, pl. 5, f. 1, Hulst, Bull.
Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 13, Angus, Papilio, 4, 35.

Primaries light blue gray, heavily powdered with black; clouded with black
along imner margin; generally on median space, just anterior to this black margin,
a triangular pale or white space; basal dash always turned downward outwardly.
Secondaries black, fringes dark. Expands 75—85 mm, Habitat, Middle, Western,
and Southern States. Food plant, Hickory.

77. Angusi, Grt. Can. Ent. 8, 229, Buf. Bull. 187, pl. 5, f. 1, 2, Hulst, Bull.
Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 13, Angus, Papilio, 4,35, weetta, Hy. Edw. French, Cat.
Ills. p. 4.

Primaries dark greenish gray; no band on inner margin though often a cloud at
sinus of t.p. line and below apex; no triangular white spot on median space; basal
dash turning upward outwardly; in these things differing from insolabilis. Secondaries
black, fringe dark, rarely light. Expands 7o—80 mm. Habitat, same as insolabilis.
Food plant, Hickory (Auct. Angus).

LIucetta differs in having a longitudinal shading from base to beneath apex.

This insect though generally smaller and easily distinguished, often
wonderfully resembles zzso/abelis. Indeed the direction of the basal
dash is the only feature in one, which I have not seen as well as in the
other.

78. obscura, Streck. Rho. Het. 19, pl. 3, f. 4, simulatilis, Grt. Trans. Am.
Ent. Soc. Sept. 1874, Can. Ent, 8, 229, Papilio 2, 8.

Primaries uniform dull smoky gray; lines fine, but distinct; M of t.p. line with
upper tooth much the larger; submarginal space whitish, serrated. Secondaries
black, fringes white. Expands 70-80mm. Habitat, Middle, Western and probably
Southern States. Food plant, Hickory (Auct. Angus).

Var. residua, Grt. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 16, 242, Buf. Bull. 187, pl. 5,
f. 4, Hulst, Bull, Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 13, Angus, Papilio 4, 35. Primaries a brighter,
bluer color. Secondaries with fringes often dark.

56 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VD. July 1884.]

Some notes upon the Catocalze are to be found as follows; they in-
clude lists of captures and general observations. Grote, Can. Ent. 4, 16,
le 5) 16x, Ue" 15) 11,' lic. o, 16d) "Bunker, 1.¢..0,/25,) sBallevaneama:
216, Harvey, l.c. 9, 192, Murray, lc. 9. 18, Dury, lc. 8, 187, Grote,
Le. 8; 220, French, lc. 12, 241, jolimson, lc. 12, 137; eweeas
Hulst, Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. 3, 1—20, Grote, Papilio 1, 159—164,
Hulst, lc. 1, 215, Grote, le. 2, 8, Fernald, l.c 3, 23, French, Synop-
sis Cat. Ills. 1882.

ADDENDA AND ERRATA,

Page 13, line 7 from bottom, Bafragiana should be Messalina.

Page 16, line 20, for ‘‘in all cases” substitute the words “very often’.

Page 20, line 28, for ‘‘adaption”’ read ‘‘adaptation”’. -

Page 25, line 8, for ‘elonympha”’ read ‘‘Allotria’’.

Page 33, line +, for **1883” read “1882”’.

Page 35, line 8, for “Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.”’ read Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila.’? The same
correction should be made on the same page lines 17 and 23.

Pa 38, line 4, after 103 ‘‘(?)’’ should be inserted.

Page 38, line 15, after ‘‘writes me’’ insert “‘his opinion is’. I do not understand
that he has ultimate evidence. At any rate the description being based on a
picture, can not stand.

Page 51, last line omit ‘‘as’’.

The following words, printed with capital letters beginning, should have been
begun with lower case letters: page 24, line 28, Nubilis; page 26, line 24, Verrilliana;
page 34, line 27, Amica; page 29, line 28, Amasia; p- 13, line 7 from bottom, and
page 34, line 1, Belfragiana; page 34, lines 27 and. 28, Amica, Androphila, and
Lineella; page 35, line 4 from bottom, Grynea.

The following words beginning with lower case letters should begin with capitals:
page 13, last 3 lines, ilia; page 29, line 9 from bottom, and page 38, lines 23,33, 36,
39, 41, and page 39, line I, cratcegi.

BULL. BROOKLYN ENT. SOC. VOL. VII.

{x plas ahipn om pel

PLATE Il.

oe ee

[August 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 57

SYNOPSES OF COLEOPTERA.

PRIONUS, “eof.

This genus and Homaes¢hests constitute the group Prioniz, all the
species of which resemble one another closely in superficial appearance.
The body is relatively broader than in any of the other genera and gives
the insects a stout or heavy aspect.

The mandibles are moderate in size, acute and similar in the sexes.
The eyes are large and coarsely granulated. The antennz are heavily
imbricate in the males, more slender and serrate in the females. The
thorax as noted above is tridentate in Przonus. unidentate in Hom-
@sthests. 'Yhe elytra are broadly rounded at apex, coriaceous, punctate,
and ornamented with raised lines. The legs are slender, compressed
and punctate. ‘The species in color are a uniform brown or black.

SYNOPTIC TABLE OF PRIONUS. /

Sensitive surface antenne ,j' and © reticulate with fine elevated lines.
Antennal joints 12; soles hind tarsi densely pubescent.

IBIKpiiea, allt WARS Imes: Waker Wann NONE ES ccc o sce tcscccobon cenvudacos laticollis.
Elytra at base wider than thorax.
First two thoracic teeth prominent not reflexed................... pocularis,
First two thoracic teeth very acute and reflexed................ californicus,
Antennal joints more than 12; soles hind tarsi with scattered hairs.
PRMEMA lj OIMS COTS © Gi iUS—20. .. . INGO een so och alos. is c. .... imbricornis.
AOMton MM OMISdOe25ar ci 27-30)... Gee lacs. idleck so sae so es fissicornis,
Sensitive surface ({' uniform.
Antennal joints 12; soles of hind tarsi concave and sparsely pubescent. . palparis,

SYNOPTIC TABLE OF HOMAESTHESIS.

Sensitive surface <j’ uniform; soles of hind tarsi concave and sparsely pubescent; an-
tennze 13-14 jointed.

Thorax strongly punctured, pubescent, lateral tooth very obtuse,... -emarginatus.

Thorax slightly punctured, not pubescent, lateral tooth acute.............. integer,

The tables are exhibited in the above form for the purpose of
showing clearly the close relation between the genera, and also the inter-
mediate position which pa/paris occupies.

P, laticollis, Diuny Whe, 1773, p: Saute, 25) Elarris,! Ins. Mass “pilz9,

brevicornis, Fab. Syst, El. II, p. 260; Beauv. Ins. Afr. et Am. p. 216; Lec. Journ.
Ac, Phil, ser, 2, II, p. 109.

58 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. August 1884 ]

The thorax is distinctly wider in this than in any other species, so
that it is almost if not quite as wide as the elytra at base. All the joints
of the hind tarsi are densely pubescent or spongy beneath, with a smooth
median channel. The lateral teeth of prothorax are well developed,
sometimes even slightly reflexed as in calzfornmicus. The color is brown-
ish varying to black. It is generally darker than in the other species.
Length, {to 1% inches = 22-47 mm. Habitat, Northern, Middle and
Atlantic States.

P, pocularis, Dalm. Schoenh. Syn. Ins. I, 3, 1817, p. 148; curticornis, Lec.
J. A. P. ser. 2, II, p. 109; obliquicornis, Lec. J. A. P. ser. Il, p. 108; laevigatus,
Harris, Trans. Soc. Htford 1836, p. 83, t. 1, f. 6; Lec. J. A, P. ser. 2, Il, p. 109;
denticornis, Sturm, Cat. 1836, p. 187.

The thorax is narrower than the elytra at base, the lateral teeth pro-
minent but never reflexed. The first joint of hind tarsi is almost en-
tirely glabrous, the second and third spongy with a median smooth chan-
nel.’ Color as in /aficolis but not so dark, antennz more slender.
Length, 1 to 1.75 inches = 25—45 mm. Habitat, Middle and South—
ern States.

P, californicus, Motsch. Bull. Mosc. 1845, I, p. 89, t. 2, f.9; Mannh. Bull.
Mose. 1852, Il, p. 364; crassicornis, Lec. J. A. P. ser. 2, II, 1852, p. 108

The species is distinguished by the very acute and strongly reflexed
lateral teeth of prothorax. The soies of the hind tarsi are as in daticollis.
Color as in preceeding. Length 13 to 2} inches = 45—52 mm. Hab.
California.

Curvatus is a variety of the Jast in which the lateral teeth are more
reflexed than in the typical form.

The above species are very closely related. The characters given
will serve to separate them although specimens will be found which will
seem intermediate in form. It is a remarkably interesting fact that the
specific differences intergrading as they do are such as are used to sepa-
rate the genera in many families.

P. imbricornis, Linn. Syst. Nat. Ed. XII, p. 622; Beauv. Ins. Afr. et Am.
15 Bae) AG oye, QD Weed alam see a INL pol, uel,

The thoracic teeth are much less prominent in this species, showing
a gradation to Homesthesis. ‘The number of the antennal joints varies
somewhat, in the specimens under examination within the limits given
in the table. Each joint in (¥' is conical hollowed to receive succeeding
joint and with the lower edge prolonged; in Q much more slender and

[August 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 59

simply serrate. Elytra 9 are more convex than §. The covering of
hair on soles of hind tarsi is very thin and the smooth channel very
narrow. Length $ to 14 inches = 22—47 mm. Habitat, Southern and
Western States.

Patissicornis, Hlald. Proc. Ac, Phil. IM par25, Bec. J. A. P. ser. 2, Il, p. 108;
Col. Kan. t. 1, f. 14.

Thoracic teeth as in zmbricornis. Antennal joints as in table. Each
joint V-shaped, the posterior branch the longer with its apex curved.
Joints in Q serrate. ‘The joints of the hind tarsi are more slender than
in the other species, and the pubescence is as in zmbricornis. The species
is easily known by the number and shape of the antennal joints. Length
I to 1.6 inches =25—40 mm. Hab. Nebraska, Texas.

Pepalparisnoaygd. Ak. Dp. 327 eWecm er Ae nset 25 IS) py 169.

This species present a curiously intermediate form. The form of
the thorax is more convex and the lateral teeth less marked, showing a
strong tendency to the form of Homesthesis while the poriferous sensitive
spaces of antennz and the soles of the hind tarsi (which are scarcely
pubescent and not at all spongy) are precisely the same as in that genus.
The first jomt of hind tarsi is shorter than in the other species and the
posterior tibia are much more bent. Length, 1.1 to 1.5 inches = 24 to
37 mm. Hab. Nebraska.

H, emarginatus, Seis Uo Ae Teo UB ar2>. jo. Sais Wee, REG IEE Sei 2h IL, jo, Leys
Col. Kan. t. 2, f. 13. QO. innocwus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1862, p. 43, (Prionus.)

This species is easily known by the characters given in table. Length
.75 inches = 18 mm. Hab. Western States.

H, integer, Lec. J, A. P. ser. 2, II, p. 107. te
The acute lateral tooth of thorax, and the lack of pubescence will
serve to at once distinguish this species. Length 1 inch = 25 mm. Hab,
Col. and West. States.

TRACOSOMA, Serv.

This genus constitutes the tribe Zragosomini. The body is elongate,
brownish. Head and mandibles small and inconspicuous, ‘Thorax
convex, armed with a sma'l single acute tooth on each side, pubescent
with long, brownish hair. Elytra also brownish, punctured and finely
ribbed, rounded at tip, suture armed with small acute spine; the elytra

60 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. August 1884. ]

are longer and wider than the body. Antenne slender, nearly filiform,
compressed; # the length of body ¢, 2 Q.
The single species is

™ Harrisii, Lec. J.A.P, ser. 2, 1852, II, p. 107. Length, 1$ to 1+ inches = 30
to 35 mm. Hab. Newfoundland to Vanc., Coney Island.

SPHENOSTETHUS, Mud.

This genus is also represented by a single species, a shining black
insect which by its tapering form suggests the family L/azerid@. The head
is small, prothorax large, trapezoidal, smooth, somewhat convex, very
obtusely toothed near base; elytra also black, tapering, dehiscent, punct-
ured, tip finely serrate, margin and suture obtusely spinose. ‘The an-
tennze are less than 2 the length of body, slender, slightly compressed
and serrate.

The species is

S, Taslei, Buq. Ann. Fr. 1841, Bull. p. 393; serripennis, Hald. Proc. Ac. Phil,

lee. 120s sec, je A@eeser2, Ll, ip: 106; denticulatus, Westw. Arcan. Ent. I, p. 40,
Length, 1} inches = 29 mm. Hab. Middle States.

ELATEROPSIS, “hv.

This genus closely allied to preceding is again represented by a
single species which like the preceding is a shining black insect but
with a greenish tinge. It resembles .S. Zas/ec in most points and is
distinguished therefrom by the sides of thorax being crenulate and acute-
ly toothed near the middle. The tip of the elytra is crenulate and they
are not dehiscent. Antenne 2 length of body slender and compressed.

’ The species is
BE. fuliginosus, Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 160; Oliv. Ent. 1V, 66, p. 37, t. 10, f. 39;

Chey. Ann. Fr. 1862, p. 271; erythromera, Dej. Cat. 3rd ed. p, 344. Length, 1}
inch. = 32mm. Hab. Florida.

SUB FAMILY CERAMBYCIN 4.

This subfamily is defined by the following characters, viz: prothorax
not margined, labrum separate from the front, front tibie not obliquely
sulcate, palpi never acute at tip, antennze always pubescent.

It is divided into the following groups:

I. Base of antennze not enveloped by the eyes; antennze with second
joint rather larger; front coxze transverse, not prominent........ Callidioides.

[August 1884. . BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 61

II. Base of Antennz partly enveloped by the eyes; front coxze not conical, though
sometimes prominent; stridulating plate (absent only in Molorchus) large,
never divided; ligula membraneous (except in the group Oemes); 2nd joint
of Antennze small (except in one genus of Clytini.). ...... Cerambycoides,

If. Base of Antenne partly enveloped by the eyes, which are nearly divided, and
moderately finely granulated; 2nd joint of antennze longer than usual, front
coxze globose, widely separated, stridulating plate of mesosternum divided by
a small furrow. (Body resembling a Lamiide.)............... Atmioides.

IV. Base of Antennze not enveloped by the eyes, which are entire or emarginate, and
usually finely granulated; front coxze conical (except in Distentini); stridula-
ting plate of mesonotum divided by a smooth space or furrow. Lepturoides.

CALLIDIOIDES.

iemleiculaycomneouspeyes vanlables s(Asemijieeeneine i ieleie es aa cie cette eeeie = rie 5.
Ligula membraneous, eyes finely granulated. (Callidiini.)...........-. ......- Tes
2. Epimera of mesothorax normal, truncate at immer end.............---+: eerie
Epimera of mesothorax acutely pointed inwardly..............--.-----++-:- 6.
Bp baccom prothoray normale. cf. ).15 5, «ss eee es « sialeiee cies sini iste Ravens oh
Base of prothorax emarginate, filled with a thin plate....... ............. 5.

4. Hyes moderate, transverse, finely granulated, hairy.
Amiens Tinielhy DUES saga eo eee obocoocohoadopounanaMabonoes Asemum.
Ammuentiee) Coarse ys pubesceMt.. t.)..<. . . SMM eereyainis 2.2 Sirs oie eocieve ens Nothorhina.
Byeswagen coarsely, oranulated, not halnymeinees: Acie. ae ee 4 2f5- Criocephalus.
Ewes Chivneleal, weallacre thinslyy eimimuleeGl e355 coobaosuuaoodoeseceuue Tetropium.
5. Thighs clavate, prothorax with a single lateral acute spine.. .......... Opsimus.
_ Thighs not clavate, prothorax with two acute spines................ Dicenthrus.
6. Middle coxal cavities widely open externally,................ .. S§modicum.
7, Mesonotum with a large, undivided very finely striate stridulating surface...... 8.
Mesonotum polished, with large scattered punctures...............-..+-+---- 9,
Mesonotum punctured and pubescent at the sides, with a medial stridulating
FLMACO, BAS Bb SS oO I ic CS SOS eer IERIE TBO MAD Ren 10.
8. Hind coxze not prominent, thighs slender............. et 2 a ee Gonocallus.

Hind coxze prominent, thighs clubbed.
Metasternum with scent pores.
Elgtcaswithiavanyslinest(.:5_., .j. GaP ees ga acai. Physocnemum.
Re bytrer union ie we, eee as . 's<< 9,» « See: SSI Se eee Ee Rhopalopus,
Hind coxze not prominent, thighs clubbed; metasternum without scent pores.
Prosternum broad or moderate, hind coxee inclosed by side pieces and Ist ventral

SYNE Me os SOU Hees POPES BS ccc & tack Wage ae ea Hylotrupes.
Prosternum very narrow, pointed, hind coxee not inclosed; prothorax rounded.

Phymatodes.

Gap Vesostenimmp road emianonm ate. as.) ay emnsenens eisieyaiale ete) sraiers o Sceyveayale Merium.

)) Mesosternumiobtusely triangular... 290. ....... tet oe Nee Callidium.

to, More convex than usual, antennze shorter and stouter.......... boven Xylocrius.

62 . BULLETIN BROOKLYN. ENTOM, SOC. VOL. VII. August 1884. ]

ASEMUM.

The four genera first named above form the group Asem of which
Asemum is the typical form. The species are moderately stout in form
with the antennz never very long. The head and mandibles are small
and inconspicuous. ‘The thorax is rounded or angulated at the sides.
The elytra are nearly parallel and rounded at the tip. Asemum is dis-
tinguished from. its companions as indicated above by the eyes and the
finely pubescent antennz.

: The ee may be separated by the following

SYNOPTIC TABLE OF ASEMUM.

Elytra strongly costate; thorax distinctly angulated at the sides near base.

Surface opaken ey see OG 8 sae ied oc Ree ettee ee oldie na ae eae ee atrum.
Elytra barely costate; thorax rounded at sides.

Surfaceyopakesismallers S004... 3 .. a aneieeses | -lotiel ey see oe ee a eee eS ETT

Sunfatceylustrouss larger 2 i528 2%.,'6 cs) saunter ere eels atd Se ee eeke cee nitidum.

A. atrum, Esch. Bull. Mosc. 1830, IT, p. 66.

_ This species is black densely and ee el pe seenl: elytra ic very
neue Abteloond. cost, sometimes irregularly interrupted; thorax
variously sculptured and. obtusely angulated at sides, deeply punctured;
antenne © about 3 the length of the body, © nearly 3; in both sexes
serrate. Length 10—17 mm. =.40—.68 inches. Habitat, Western
See 7A alan a a

A. moestum, .Hald,.Trans. Am, Phil. X, 1847, p. 35; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, II,
p- 35; Dej. Cat. 3d ed. p. 354; striatum { Kirby, Fn. Bor. Am. IV, 1837, p. 171;
fuscum,. Hald, lc. p. 36; juvencum, Hald, l.c. p. 36; substriatum, Hald, l.c. p. 36. -

‘This species is also black and densely pubescent; elytra varying
from brown to black in color and somewhat in the striations, which are
sometimes barely visible and sometimes quite distinct. The name sad-
striatum has been applied to the form having the more distinct striz and
juvencum to thesmooth form. It seems unnecessary to continue them.
The thorax in all the forms is-rounded at the sides, punctured at middle
and variously not deeply sculptured, Antenne asin a/rum, 11-jointed
and very short. Length 12—15 mm. =.48—.60 inches. Habitat,
Lake Superior to Florida and eastward, |

A. nitidum, Lec. New species II, S.M.C. 1873, p. 169.

This species is larger, more robust than above and is easily known
by the less densely punctured thorax as well as the characters of the table.
The coloris black shining, fusco pubescent with short hair; thorax rounded

{August 1884, BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL.: VII. 63

at sides; antennz G' 3 as long as body and stouter especially towards
the base. Length 17; mm. = .70 inch. Habitat, Oregon.

NOTORHINA,. Rei..

_ This genus contains a single species resembling Asemum in general
appearance, but distinguishable by the pubescent antenne. Head as in

Asemum in shape, and punctate; eyes nearly as large. as in Criocephalus

and deeply emarginate; antennz hardly half as long as body; thorax

rounded at sides, punctate and longitudinally excavated in the middle

and rough with elevated points at the sides; elytra finely scabrous with
two obsolete lines. The species is

N. aspera, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. VII, 1854, p. 18; 1362, p- 42; Ent. Rep. Pe 60.
Length 18 —23 mm. = eT 94 inch. Habitat, Oregon and Vaucouver. 2

CRIOCEPHALUS, Muls.

The species contained in this genus also resemble Asemum- though

generally larger and more sculptured in the thorax. The characters of

the genus briefly enumerated are: eyes large, coarsely granulated, not
hairy, more or less emarginate. From Dr, Leconte’s ‘New species” is
taken the following Sea sare ir ean

SYNOPSIS OF CRIOCEPHAL US.

‘A. Third joint of hind tarsi emarginate for half its length, the 4th joint consequently

extending as far as the lobes of the 2d joint; elytra finely punctured.’

Antenne and legs very slender, hind tarsi with 3d joint twice as long as wide; body

more elongate, prothorax not wider than long, rounded on the sides, slightly

MO WBlnerareial Tyytidm CHeNranietel LOMB 5 oc becouse Ae yee dob Seon aGe productus.
Antenne and legs less slender, body less elongate, prothorax wider than long.

3d joint of hind tarsi 2 longer than wide; prothorax rounded at the sides and

slightly fonehened) Sey EERIE: 5 ic’ 5: othe hacer ne IER MIR eet Be testes fis agrestis.
_ 3d joint 4 longer than wide; prothorax angulated at sides and strongly
iCUG SAI NESDIAEE Gy So Me Rae A I la RISRbct ee eR RIEL aeaedean asperatus.

B. ‘Yhird joint of hind tarsi bilobed, cleft nearly to the base, 4th joint received into
the emargination, not extending as far-as the end of the lobes; elytra less ee
punctured; sides of prothorax rounded, scarcely asperated.

_ Prothorax deeply impressed, 3d joint hind tarsi nearly twice longer'than Hale,

eee

Prothorax feebly impressed, 3d joint of hind tarsi very little longer than wide.
IPROUMoress Weiry imNEliy jownnvelibiREl yO s kok choc ce dan oeuooNe au ene obsoletus,
Prothorax less finely punctured....... IPMS: Sey ei shetesn/aisialalereterstenelener nubilus.

C. yes smaller, less prominent and more deeply emarginate than in the other
“... species;. prothorax and-elytra-finely punctured, the former rounded, not asperated,
feebly impressed at the middle ..... MSMR IOs eth 2) Lal FL oaks sO USRE DIESE

64 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. August 1884. ]

C. productus, Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, I], p. 36. Length .9g--1.00 inch. = 23—26
mm. Hab. Colorado, Oregon.

C, agrestis, Kirby, Fn. Bor. Am. IV, 1837, p. 140; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2) Isso;
p. 36; foveicollis, Dej. Cat. 3d ed. p. 354; tmpressus, Luczot Dej. Cat. l.c. Length
-9—I.00 inch, = 22—27 mm. Hab. U.S. east of Kocky Mts.

C, asperatus, Lec, Col. of Kans. 1859, p. 19, (Smith. Cont. Knowl. XI).
Length .g—1.00 inch. = 24—26 mm, Hab. New Mexico to Montana,

C. montanus, Lec. S.M.C. 1873, p. 170. Length .76—.95 inch. = 19—24 mm.
Hab. Colorado.

C. obsoletus, Rand. Bost. Journ. II, 1838, p. 271, lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, Il, p.
196; obscurus, Lec. l.c.; rusticus t Hald; paganus, De}. Cat. 3d ed. p. 354. Length
.94 inch, = 24mm. Hab. Western New York and Canada.

C. nubilus, Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, If, p. 36. Length .75 inch. = 19 mm,

C. australis, Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, II, p. 35. Length .5 inch, =-13 mm, Hab.
Georgia.

Explanation of Plate II.

1 Asemum moestum. 8 Orthosoma brunneum.
2 Homaesthesis integer, g Ergates spiculatus.
3, Sphenostethus ‘Taslei. 10 Stenodontes mandibularis (after Oliv).
4 Criocephalus productus. 11 Derobrachus geminatus (after Lec.).
5 Mallodon dasystomus. 12 Antenna of P. laticollis ¢’.
6 Prionus laticollis. 13 ss ‘¢ P. imbricornis.
7 Tragosoma Harrisii. 14 es ‘« P. fissicornis (side).
15 ae gue “f (front).

je= The Entomological Club of the A.A.A.S. will meet Sept. 3d, at 2 P.M. at the
Hotel Lafayette, Broad and Sansom Sts., Philadelphia.
or oe oo

NOTES ON COLEOPTERA
By ity I E@xsrr Wis. Ae

; HARPALUS, Latr.

H. lustrangs. This name is proposed for Dr. Le Conte’s ZH. luci-
dus, Proc. Ac. Phil, 1865, p. 104, which is preoccupied, it being applied
by Moraw to a Japanese species; Beitr. Kaf Jesso. I, 1863, p, 72.

SUNIUS, ‘Steph.

S. similis, Aust. Dr. Le Conte states (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. VIII.
p. 180.) that he cannot distinguish .S. szmzlzs Aust., from S$. dongiusculus.
I have before me a specimen from Arizona which is much more robust
than Jongzusculus, especially in the head, and in which the elytra are,
when compared with the prothorox, very much longer than in that spec-
ies; this last character is very striking. If the specimen refered to is the
S. similis of Austin, which there is reason to believe is the case, the two
species are undoubtedly distinct.

| !
{August 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 65

LITHOCHARIS,

L, tabacina, n. sp. (Fauvel MS.). Form elongated, sides parallel. Pubescence
of elytra rather long, sub-recumbent, dense, fine, piceous, much more sparse on the
head and prothorax, more sparse and longer on the abdomen. Head quadrate, eyes
very moderately prominent, situated at twice their length from the posterior angles;
interocular surface feebly and evenly convex, finely, evenly and extremely closely punct-
ate, punctures shallow and variolate, almost coalescent; antennal tuberculation pro-
minent; antennz as long as the head and prothorax together, slender, first joint as
long as the next two together, second joint distinctly shorter than the third, joints five
to ten nearly equal, about as broad as long, last joint longer and just perceptibly wider,
Prothorax quadrate, smaller than the head; anterior and posterior angles rounded;
surface punctured like the head; median line very fine and distinct. Elytra at base
one-fifth wider than the prothorax, one-fifth longer than wide; sides parallel and very
feebly arcuate; surface depressed, finely and somewhat transversely rugulose. Third
and fourth ventral segment equal in width and as wide as the elytra, thence decreasing
in width slowly anteriorly, rapidly posteriorly, fifth much the longest. Legs rather
short and robust, slightly paler in color. Gular suture very strong posteriorly. Color
throughout rather pale castaneous, elytra slightly paler. Length 4.5—5.2 mm.

This fine species appears to be so common, that to leave it longer
undescribed seemed to me inexcusable in the present state of the science.
The color exactly resembles some of the darker shades of the cured to—
bacco leaf.

Dermestis Mannerheimu, Lec. This species is undoubtedly distinct
from D. marmoratus, Say.

The spines which so densely cover the middle tibize are long, acute
and somewhat slender in the former, and very short, robust and rounded
at tip in the latter. The first joint of the middle tarsus is distinctly
shorter than the second in Mannerheimii and equal in length to the
second in marmoratus, and the last joint is relatively longer and more
slender in the latter, The club of the antenne is much narrower, less
flattened, much paler in color and more uniformly clothed with velvety
pubescence in the former than in the latter. ‘The sma'l punctures of the
penultimate and antepenultimate segments of the abdomen in the male,
are relatively much larger in Mannerheimii than in marmoratus; in former
they are surrounded by a rather large circular area, totally free from
pubescence, which does not appear to be the case in the latter.

There are also differences in the form of the scutellum, depth of the
depression at the base of the pronotum, position of the eyes, and also
great differences in the size and in the color, length and density of the
pubescence.

66. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI). August 1884 }

Ancyronyx variegatus (Germ.). This rather rare species occurs
somewhat abundantly, adhering to the under surface of pieces of drift-
wood, in the small ice-ponds near Babylon, Long Island.

CRYPTOCEPHALUS, eof.

It is evident to-all who have approached the genus Cryp/ocephalus,
that its species must be separated with great caution; nevertheless the
present form seems worthy of specific recognition, not on account of
coloration, as this should be almost entirely ignored, but because of the
evenly ovoidal form, both anteriorly and posteriorly. wsertus, Hald. is
apparently the only species with which it can be compared, and all the
specimens which I have seen agree in being much more squarly truncate
behind than the type under consideration. It seems to be very rare.

(of ellipsoidalis, n,sp. Form elongate, oval; body regularly ellipsoidal; surface
entirely glabrous, shining. Head immaculate. Prothorax dark, fuscous, immacu-
late with the exception of two irregular, indefinite, paler, clouded spots, somewhat ap-
proximate and situated near the base; surface not punctured. Scutellum moderate.
Elytra punctato-striate, sixth row of punctures interrupted. A broad line of black
originates at the base of each elytron and the two coalesce on the suture at the center,
the united band becoming acute posteriorly. There are also a small detached humeral
spot, one irregular spot at the middle attached to the exterior edge of the broad line,
and a posterior and lounger outer apical detached spot on ea-h elytron, all of black;
remainder of elytra rather pale yellow. Under surface fuscous. Legs fuscous, tarsi
much darker, Length slightly less than that of insertus.

Two specimens, one in the collection of Dr. Horn of Phila. from
Mass., the other collected by myself on Long Island; they exhibit scarce-

ly any perceptible variation.

Anthicus californwus, Laf. I have found two specimens of this
species in Delaware and two in New Jersey. According to Dr. Horn the
lot from which Laferte described ca/ifornicus, did not in reality come
from California, but from Texas, which accounts in a manner for the
present localition.

APION, Zobst.

After looking carefully over the tables and descriptions in Mr,
Smith’s paper on the genus Agzon, without being able to identify it, I
am forced to the conclusion that the following species could not have
been represented in the material from which the synopsis was prepared,
and I therefore feel called upon to describe it, in order to make our list
of described species as complete as possible.

- ne

[August 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 67

A. vespertinum, 0. sp. Male. Form slender, very convex. Color grayish-
black, luster metallic. Head as long as wide, eyes moderate, rather prominent; in-
terocular surface flat, scarcely as wide as the eye, having two rows of impressed
punctures; rostrum short and robust, twice as long as the head, very finely punctulate,
rugulose near the base; antennze black throughout, inserted at a distance from the
eye equal to the length of the latter; scape robust, aslong as the next two joints to-
gether, clavate, first joint of funicle robust, slightly longer than wide, second slightly
shorter and much more slender, club elongated, acuminate and well developed,
pubescence becoming much thicker and more fuscous in tint toward the tip. Pro-
thorax nearly as long as wide, almost cylindrical, slightly wider at the base, very fully
arcuate at the sides in front of the middle; surface regularly punctured, punctures
impressed, round, interspaces as wide as the punctures, flat and coarsely granulated;
in the middle and at a distance from the base equal to one-seventh the length of the
pronotum, there is a well-defined, very deep circular puncture. Elytra together widest
in the middle, where the width is nearly twice that of the prothorax; sides regularly
arcuate; striz deep, very finely and feebly punctured, intervals slightly wider than
the strize, convex and feebly rugulose; along the crest of each interval is a row of very
minute punc.ures. Legs moderate, femora not tuberculate, tibiz much longer than
the femora. Length exclusive of beak 1.9 mm.—Female. Beak two and one-half
times as long as the head, robust; antennze inserted at a distance from the eye equal
to one and two-thirds times the length of the latter, longer than in the male, club
smaller and narrower, scape slender as long as the first and second funicular joints to-
gether, first j mt of funicle much longer than wide, oval, much more robust than the
scape, second scarcely more than one-half as long as the first: there is a minute furrow
between the rows ofpunctures on the head, which does not appear in the male. ‘Vhe
circular puncture of the pronotum is at a distance from the base equal to one-fifth the
length. ‘The prothorax is longer than wide. Length not including beak 2.2 mm.
California.

The entire body is covered very sparsely with very long, narrow,
cinereous scales, which resemble hairs; they are recumbent and generally
grow from the punctures. ‘The species appears to be very distinct by
reason of the clearly defined, deep, circular puncture near the base of
the prothorax, and the four specimens which I have under examination
exhibit no perceptible variation, except that due to sex. The humeral
angles of the elytra are well developed.

Apion obsoletum, Smith. Occurs in great abundance amongst the
tall weeds crowning the banks of the Susquehanna river opposite Wilkes-
barre. In the smaller specimens with the shorter beaks (the so-called
males) the scape of the antennz is equal in Jength to the next two joints
together, and is inserted at a distance from the eye equal to the length
of the latter, while in the specimens with the longer beaks, the scape is
equal in length to the next four joints together and is inserted at a dist-
ance from the eye equal to one and twe-third times the length of the
latter.

68 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. August 1884. ]

Society News.

At the May meeting of the Society 8 members were present, Mr. Smith in
the chair. The correspondence of the Society was reported as very large, and
portions of general interest were read. A letter was received from Dr. A. 8S.
Packard, Jr., acknowledging his election as an Honorary member. A large
number of donations to the library were received during the past month, and an
exchange of publications with the American Museum of Nat. Hist. was made.
Mr. Roberts gave his experience in collecting Himide at the Clifton Excursion
of the Society. Four species were taken on roots and sticks in the water. At
first sight nothing could be discovered on the sticks, but after careful search,
and when the stick began to dry off, minute points scarcely relieved from the
surface of the wood began to move, and with a little practice the specimens
could be perceived and picked off with a knife blade. The bad fortune follow-
ing many in collecting these forms can be explained by the fact that even a
tolerably close search on a stick fresh from the water will fail to reveal the spec-
ies; the stick must begin to dry before the beetles begin to move. Mr. Schwensen
called attention to foods habits of some Cryptocephalide. Some species are very
local favoring single species of plants, others are omnivorous found everywhere.
Mr. Smith showed a simple oven for drying and inflating larve; formed of a
spice box fastened to an upright which in turn was fastened to a platform on
which was a small spirit lamp. General discussion on methods of preserving
larve so as to retain their natural color and shape then followed until the meet-
ing adjourned.

June meeting.—Mr. M. L. Linel of Brooklyn was proposed for membership
by Mr. Weeks. A paper on the habits of some Cicindelidae by Warren Knaus
of Salina, Kans., was presented for publication. Mr. During exhibited an ap-
paratus for cutting larva and cocoons from trees; a height of 25 feet could be
reached by its means. 7

Mr. Weeks explained how he secured all of the living material taken in the
beating net. The whole rubbish accumulated in the net is dumped into a long
narrow bag which is tied at the ends; when reaching home the contents of this
bag are transferred to a large earthen jar fitted with a tight wooden bung in the
centre of which is an opening sufficiently large to admit the mouth of a large
bottle which is inverted over it. From the inner side of this bottle several
strings proceed long enough to reach to the bottom of the jar. The insects
aiming for the light climb up the strings into the bottle and may be transferred
into the cyanide bottle without difficulty. The advantages of this method are

that nothing escapes from the sweep net while picking out desiderata, and that

there is no necessity of looking over the rubbish to pick out the insects.

Mr. Smith read a paper on some structural peculiarities of the Noctuids
with reference to their Geographical distribution calling attention to the fact
that the northern species referred to Plusia had narrow ovate eyes, and spinose
tibiz and were not congeneric with the more southern forms. Culoplysia is
proposed for these forms, which have also usually yellowish secondaries.

Members are hereby notified that there will be no meetings during the —
months of July and August.

BULL. BROOKLYN ENT. SOC. VOL. VII.

PLATE II.

le

Oe @ « ye ee

[September 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 69

Explanation of Plate III.

1 Antenna of Papilio. Club gradual, regularly arquate.

2 ae ** Pieris. Club distinct.

3 ag ** Colias. Club obconic, truncate at tip.

+ Cy ‘¢ Argynnis. Club broad, spatulate (spoon shaped).

5 ee ** Aegiale. Club terminating in a short acute point.

6 Of «< Pamphila. Club with an abruptly recurved tip.

7 < ‘« Hudamus. Club very gradual, pointed, greatly recurved at tip.
8 es ** Deilephila. Form prismatic, tapering to tip, which is abruptly recurved,
9 Hs ‘« Philampelos. ‘(ip gradual and moderately curved.
10 aC “* Macroglossu.
II es «< Atlacus. Lengthily bipectinate.

12 ne serrate.
13 at setaceous; most Noctuidae.

14 Wings of Papilio. Veins numbered; primaries. 1 vend internalis or dorsalis;
dorsal or internal vein; often termed submedian vein. 2, 3 and 4 are termed
median nervules, arising from the median vein. 5 and 6 are discoidal nervules,
arising from the vein closing the discal cell. 7 to 11 are branches from the
subcostal. .12 vend costalis or costal vein. Secondary. 1 internal or free
vein. 2, 3 and 4 branches of median vein. 5 discoidal vein; termed the inde—
pendent in heterocera. 6 and 7 branches of the subcostal. 8 costal vein.

15 Venation of Thyridopteryx; aberrant: median cell divided, internal vein branched,
and in primaries furcate at base.

16 Secondary of Cymatophora (Bombycia). Showing the juncture of the costal and
subcostal veins.

17 Wings of Deilephila. Primary: d. dorsal vein furcate at base. Secondary: a. an ob-
lique branch between costal and subcostal veins. 1a & Ib 2 internal or free veins.

18 Wings of Hepialus. Both wings 12 veined, the median cell divided, accessory cell
present; aberrant.

19 Wings of Zygaena. Primaries with 2 simple dorsal or internal veins. Secondaries
with an oblique branch between costal and subcostal veins (a).

20 Wing of Agrotis. Showing typical noctuid venation; dorsal vein of primaries furcate
at base (d): accessory cell present, at upper outer margin of discal cell.

21 Wings of Aegeria. Internal vein of primaries wanting. Secondaries without costal
vein.

22 Head of Noctua. aeyes hairy, unlashed; b eyes naked, fringed above and below
with long hairy lashes.

23 Head showing location of ocelli (a a).

24 Head of Papilio. Antennze approximate, head narrow.

25 Head of Hesperia, Antennze widely separated, head very broad; a, a bristly tuft
at base of antenna.

26 Anterior leg of Nymphalis. Tarsi wanting, tibia brush like.

27 Anterior tibia of Papilio, Hesperia and the Heteroceri generally; showing a the
tibial epiphysis; single spur of anterior tibia of some authors,

28 Tibia spinose.

29 Tibia of Chrysophanus J. Tibia normal, tarsi exarticulate, consisting of a single

long joint with a corneous, claw like tip.
30 Claw of tarsi, often simple. more usually dentate as in figure.

31 Palpus. Varying much in proportion and shape in the different families, but
among the macros never with more than 3 joints.

32 Serrate and bristled antenna greatly enlarged.
33 Bend and tuft found in the (¥' antennz of some Deltoids.

70 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM.-SOC. VOL. VII. September 188+ .]

An introduction to a Classification of the
N. A. Lepidoptera. |

By JoHN B. Smitu.

How do you know this is a Bomébycid, and this a Pyralid? These
are questions not infrequently asked by collectors aud young entomo-
logists when their material is named for them, and they discover that
their arrangement according to apparent resemblance, was widely at
fault. Now although an old collector or an advanced student can tell
almost at a glance, to which group or even genus, a species is referable,
yet this knowledge has come to him only by years of collecting, or by
close study of large collections and a free use of literature, and this in-
tuitive knowledge cannot be imparted. An explanation of the technical
characters of the group or families is incomprehensible, because unfor-
tunately few indeed are acquainted with the characteristics that are used in
family classification. To give an answer to these questions—to furnish
in concise, yet sufficiently clear terms the characters of the various fami-
lies and at least their principal genera—to illustrate as much by pencil
as by pen, the structural peculiarities of the Lepidoptera, is the object of
the present series of papers.

First will be given a brief review of the main characters used, then
a translation and modification of Dr. Herrich-Schaffer’s table of families,
which though not entirely accurate when applied to our fauna, still
forms the basis of the present classification of American Lepidoptera,
and must therefore be studied. Then will come a more comp'ete defini-
tion of each family, exceptions and relationships will be noted, a brief
synopsis of at least the ieading genera, and the characters used in generic
separation will be given. Finally, will be given a synoptic classifi-
cation of the Lepidoptera, reference being had only to the American
forms.

The first character made use of is found in the antennze, which are
either enlarged or clavate at tip, as in the diurnes or Rhopalocera, pris-
matic, as in the Spfzmgidae, and setaceous or bristle form, as in the
Bombycidae, Noctuidae, and Geometridae. The families in which the an-
tennz are not clavate at tip are classed as Afeferocera. Of the clavate
antennze there are many modifications, the chief of which are shown on
plate III. Fig. 1, of Papzlio, has an elongate, regularly arquate club; in
fie 2,9 zener tris *Conic and somewhat flattened; in f 3, Colias, cylindric
obconic, obtusely terminated at tip; inf 4, Argvnnis, it is abrupt,

[September 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 71

flattened and somewhat spoon shaped; in f. 5, Aegzale, it is gradual,

cylindrical, suddenly terminating in an acute tip; in f. 6, Pamphila, it
is more abrupt, and with an abruptly bent and longer, acute tip; in f. 7,
Eudamus, the club is very gradual, re-curved toward, and gradually
terminating in an acute tip.. Among the Aeferocerous antenne that of
the SpAimgids is usually prismatic, more or less serrate and sometimes
pectinate in the male, and often terminating in an acute spine. Fig. 8,
shows that of Dedlephila; f. 9 shows a somewhat different form in that of
Philamp:los; while f. 10 shows the form in Macroglossa. A pectinate
antenna is shown by f. 11; aserrate, at f 12; and a simple setaceous
antenna at f. 13. There are other modifications which will be noticed
further on, but the presented types are all that are at present important.

The legs, are of some importance in family classification, and more
particularly theanterior pair. In the Rhopalocera they may be complete
in both sexes, complete in Q and more or less aborted in the 6, or the
fore legs in both sexes may be aborted. The plate shows figures of
Papiho, Nymphats, and Chrysophanus 3, as illustrating the variation.
It is somewhat curious that in a subfamily of the De/foids we again find
a somewhat similar abortion in the ¢‘, though very different on the
whole from that in the Wymphalidue,

The variation in tibial armature has rather a generic than family
value, and will be again referred to.

It is the neuration of the wings, that in Herrich-Schiffer’s system
plays the most important part, and which it is absolutely necessary to
study to refer with certainty an aberrant or unusual form.

On the plate are given figures sufficient to illustrate the following table
and explanation; but it is of great importance that the student try and
follow the explanation in nature, as the part or vein once recognized will
be always remembered.

To prepare wings so that they can be examined, soak them for a
moment in alcohol to remove the fatty matter, then place them in a sat
urated solution of chloride of lime until the color is all gone—this will
take only a short time—then wash thoroughly in water, to which a few
drops of hydro-chloric acid may be added, until all trace of the lime is
gone, then dry on a slide, plate or blotter, and mount as most conven-
ient for examination; either on a glass slide in balsam which has been
diluted with chloroform, or on acard by means of balsam, gum, or any
other desired medium except shellac. In this way the venation can be

72 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. Vil. September 1884 ]

thoroughly studied, but it of course involves the destruction of a speci-
men. In practice. and after the student is familiar with the typical form
of venation, only a limited portion of the wing need be examined, and
this can be done by carefully denuding of scales, so much of the under-
side, as is necessary to expose the venation which is to be examined.
The denuding can be done with a fine sable or camels hair brush, and
the wing being sustained by the thumbnail of the left hand, will still re-
main perfect on the upper side. :

Various methods of nomenclature have been in use to designate the
nerves or veins: they have been divided into nervures and nervules, veins,
venules and veinlets, and special names have been given to each branch.
The simplest method is that adopted by the German entomologists of
merely numbering the veins, and this method I use in this paper, giving
a number to each vein that reaches the costal or outer margin, number
one being the vein reaching the margin nearest to the anal angle.

Normally the primaries have 12, the secondaries 8 veins, though the
internal veins whether one or two in number count only as one, for
reasons hereafter explained; there may be and usually are 9 veins though
counting as but 8. The costal margin of primaries is usually thickened
to the apex, and forms the costa. or costal vein of some authors which
bears no number. From the base to the costal margin beyond the
middle, runs vein 12 of the numeral system and this is the vena costals
of Herrich-Schaffer. Below the costal, also from the base runs the dis-
cal vein (subcostal of H.S.), which gives out mediately or immediately
six branches. The first and second of these, No. 11 and 10 in the
numeral system, to the costa, before the apex; No. 9 may arise out of
10, or out of the main stem. No. 8 usually runs to the apex, and is
generally one tine ofa fork out of the main stem. No. 7 is variable,
but usually from the main stem, while No. 6 isnormally from the ex-
treme end of the discal vein when there is no accessory cell; or, if there
is one, then from the middle of the lower margin of that cell. The ac-
cessory cell, is a small usually diamond shaped cell at the upper outer
angle of the discal cell, and is formed generally by the junction of veins
8 and g near their inception, though this origin may be and indeed
generally is confused and not readily traceable. The cell itself when
present, is easily seen. These veins 6—11 form the discal or subcostal
system. From the base, running through and rather beyond the middle
of the wing, is the median vein which gives out four branches, all of
which run to the outer margin. Ofthese, the lower, No. 2, or sub-

[September 1884. _ BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL 73

median of some authors is usually from about the middle of the wing
to near the hind ang’e. The others are usually close together from the
end of the vein. From the end of the discal, to the end of the median
vein, is usually a fine cross vein which closes the discal cell. Beneath
the median vein from the base to the outer margin at or near the hind
angle, is the internal vein or veins: No. 1 of the system. This may be
simple and single throughout its course, or it may be furcate toward the
base. Sometimes a complete cell is formed, but more usually there is
only a recurved spur near base. ‘This furcation is given great value by
Herrich-Schaffer and is relied upon by him to isolate the Woctusdae.

The range of variation in venation of primaries, is comparatively
limited: rarely there are two internal (dorsal) veins counted as 1, and 1a;
usually there is one, and in the Seszdae there is none; often an acces-
sory cell is present; in the Woctuzdéae usually, in the Goméycidae rarely.
Veins 6 to 10 are the most variable, but their variations have sometimes
not even a specific value, and are never a family characteristic. Rarely
the median cell is distinctly divided by a complete vein, but in most
forms of Heferocera a distinct fold or rudimentary vein is traceable. The
position of v. 5, is of great importance in classification. Usually, and in
the Noctuidae always, it is close to v. 4, but occasionally it is nearer to
v. § than 4, and this is the usual structure in the Geometridae.

Occasionally the primaries have but 11 veins, but the families in
which this obtains are so few and either not represented in our fauna at
all, or are so peculiar in other respects, that there is scarcely a need to
refer to venation at all. :

In the secondaries the range of variation is greater. In the aberrant
Hepialidae they are similar in venation to the primaries and are 12 vein-
ed. In almost all other families, 8 is the normal number save that there
_may be two or three internal veins classed as Nos. 1a, 1b and 1c respec-
tively. The costa] thickening is always wanting: the costal vein is usualiy
present. Sometimes the subcostal forms the margin of the wing itself.
It is to be noted that the terms costal and subcostal veins have been con-
fused, and this must be borne in mind when using the table of families
and comparing descriptions of venation in other works. Rarely in
both wings there is a cross vein between the subcostal and costal vein,
and this is given considerable weight: occasionally the subcostal and
costal veins unite near base for a short distance then separate again and
form thus a narrow basal cell, ‘This character also has been given fa-

74 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC, VOL. VII. September 1884 .]

mily value. The discal or subcostal vein usually divides at the end of
the discal cell, though in at least one family (/Voctuo-bombycidae) this is
not the case. The median vein has three branches, and they run toler-
ably constant. There is usually a more or less distinct transverse vein
closing the cell, and from some point in this. v. 5 runs to the outer
margin. This vein varies greatly in distinctness, and not belonging to
any of the series running to the base of the wing, it is termed the ‘‘in-
dependent”. Its relative position, and its strength or entire absence have
been given considerable value. This v. is always No.5, and in order
that it may be so, all the internal veins are counted as one. Of the
internal or ‘‘dorsal” veins of Herrich-Schaffer there are from one to three
but usually, at-least in the heferocera, two. Rarely, in a few small aber-
rant groups the secondaries are provided with an accessory cell and
rarely also is the discal cell divided, though often a distinct fold is trace-
able through it. In both wings the internal veins are usually without
branches, but in some few aberrant groups they are curiously furcate.
More detailed description of the various peculiarites of venation may be
left until the discussion of the families, and reference is here made to the
plate on which is given the venation of the normal and aberrant groups;
common types being selected to enable the student to follow the descrip-
tion and figures in nature. The explanation of the plate will furnish any
further details that may be necessary to an understanding of the table of
families.

It may be added only that some families are furnished with a spine
at the base of secondaries, termed the /remelum, and the presence or ab-
sence of this is accorded family value.

Mr. Hulst at p. 20 ante, has discussed this organ as it appears in
the Cavocalae and to that article I refer the student.

(To be continued.)

i> >< a ——___—_—_

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.
Notes on the habits of Cicindelide.

The species found in Salina, Co., Kansas, are as follows:

Tetracha virginica, 1. Common, appears from ist of July to Sep-
tember, apparently does not have holes of its own, but seeks shelter
wherever it can crawl into a crevice. I have taken them quite numerous-
ly by overturning cakes of dried mud on the banks of small ponds: it is
crepuscular.

[September 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN BNTOM. SOC. VOL. VI). 79

C. Belfraget, Salle. This species not very largely represented in
collections, occurs from the middle of July to the middle of September.
It is very peculiar in its habits, I first took a specimen July 6th, 1883.
while mowing grass. Something clogged the sickle, and I got off to
look after it, when a beetle darted from under the fallen swath into the
standing grass. I gave pursuit, and in a few minutes had the first spe-
cimen of C, Belfragei in my collecting bottle. A few days afterward in
company with my friend, Mr. Warren Knaus, we put in an afternoon
collecting in the meadow. We walked up and down the field, fairly
melted with the sultry heat, for two or three hours with no success, when
at last, about four o’clock, I caught sight of one darting across the
road a few feet ahead of us, and during the next hour we captured five
specimens. They are rarely found during the heat of the day, but like
the Zétracha, are crepuscular. Iam satisfied that they have no burrows
of their own as I have taken several specimens by overturning hay cocks.
And I have never taken them at an altitude of fifty feet above the Smoky
hill river bottom.

C. scutellaris, Say. Occurs abundantly in limited localities in sandy
ravines among hills during May and June.

C. purpurea, Oliv. Common here, is probably too well known to
all Coleopterists to need any description of its habits.

Var. Auduboni, Lec., is found in the same localities as C. purpurea.

Var. splendida, Hentz. The earliest species found in the spring; I
took two specimens Feb. 28th, 1883. This variety is notable for its
great variation in markings. I have several times observed them with a
large bug, (Zygacus ¢rivitta/us), in their mandibles,

C. venusta, Lec. Rare, taken in company with S. scufellaris in the
same season.

C. vulgaris, Say. Is found occasionally on sandbars in the river.
C. repanda, Dej. Abundant in same localities as the last.

C. 72 guttata, Dej. Frequent; prefers very wet and muddy spots
on sandbars, and I have several times observed them swimming across
small pools.

C. punctulata, Oliv. Abundant everywhere from July 1st to the
middle of September, at all times of day, from daylight unti] dark and
occasionally they fly to a light at night.

76 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. September 1884. ].

C. lepida. Rare, solitary; occurs only in localities where salt exists
to some extent. When approached they fly directly up in the air and
then fly over your head and alight behind you; whether they invariably
fly in this manner I will not say, but all that I have taken here have
done so ALFRED W. JONES.

Mr. Ottomar Reinecke sends a slip from his paper, the ‘‘Buffalo
Freie Presse” of Aug. 12, 1884, recording an invasion of Phyfonomus
opimus, Lec., said to be an imported species; a free translation of which
is as follows. Last season the writer received specimens of this species
from Rochester and during the past two weeks the beetles, favored by the
prevalent east winds, have appeared in immense numbers. During the
last few days pedestrians may have noticed mud colored pellets moving
on the pavement. This closely examined proved to be the Curculio
above named. ‘Thousands were trodden under foot and destroyed.
Many were carried by the wind into the lake, and not a few met their
death in this uncongenial element. However, the beetles have the power
of closing their stigmata and remaining in an apparently lifeless condi-
tion for some time. At date the shores of the lake are covered with
millions ofthe beetles. Cast up, they soon recover from the effects of
their involuntary bath, and hastening to the nearest clover fields fulfill
their life mission—i.e. deposit eggs—and then die. The egg transforms
into a footless grub living in stems and roots of clover and causes enorm-
ous damage, as may be witnessed at present by thousands of acres of
burnt vegetation in the vicinity of Rome, Utica and Syracuse.

How to combat this pest is another problem for the farmer—or the
economic Entomologist.

*
*

Allorhina nifida was common through the Carolinas and Georgia
attacking the shade trees: Near Raleigh on avenue of Walnuts was
specially infested. They appeared to bite through the bark making a
hole + inch wide and 3 to } long. The bark seemed to be softened with
some exudation from the mouth. Most of the cuts I examined reached
only to the wood, but a few were much deeper. In the deeper holes I
found Crypiarcha ampla curled up.

Trichius delta was abundant in North Carolina upon a species of
Achillia. I found only one specimen of Zvichius affinis in its company.

[September 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 77

Brachys tesselata was remarkably abundant on scrub oak at Manly,
N.C. Manly is a village in the heart of the turpentine district occupy-
ing a clearing in the pine forests. The oaks have sprung up wherever
the pines have been destroyed by being cut for their sap. The species
seemed to be very local and I did not find a single specimen elsewhere. *

I captured one specimen ef Ze/racha virginica at Cheraw in a rather
curious way. It had rained heavily during the day and the streets were
rivers. I was picking my way to the depot when I saw this specimen
running quite frantically about the roots of an old oak. It is said to be
nocturnal in habits and had been drowned out of some hiding place.

Elaphrus ruscarius | found in numbers on Staten Island this spring.
A new railroad has been projected and carried as far as grading the
track which at a point about a mile from Richmond runs through the
woods. The Llaphrus were sunning themselves on this track. Many
good things were taken in the trees cut down; among them several Cu-
cujes clavipes.

LEpicauta convulvuliand E. strigosa were very abundant near Sanford,
N. C., on a wild Convulvulus. I did not find either elsewhere. Near
Charlotte I found a few specimens of Rhyssematus lineaticollis upon it.
All of these were eating the flower itself.

In a patch of woods known as ‘‘Blood root Valley”, last winter
several specimens of Cymindis americanus were taken for the first time on
Staten Island: Péerostichus superciliosus was also taken; one specimen.

Cuas. W. Lene.
** + ee

During the latter part of July and early in August I collected at
Manchester, Vt.; but with scarcely half my usual success. Lepidoptera
could scarcely be found at all during the day, so Coleoptera only were
sought. Beating and sweeping proved so unproductive that they were
abandoned in disgust. Search in decayed logs yielded a few specimens
of Avemelus cavus in an ant’s nest. The majority of specimens were found
at One point in the nest in a comparatively solid portion of the log, and

near to the midst of the colony.

* In precisely similar situations on Cape Cod, many hundreds of B. ovata and
B, aerosa were taken. J. B.S.

78 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. ‘SOC. ‘VOL: VI. September 1884 .]

————

Collecting dung and water beetles proved most productive. A pail
of water was taken into the pasture, and a likely dropping being selected
it was deposited into the pail by means of a shovel. Immediately the
inhabitants began to desert their homes and swim off for dear life—only
to find death in the Alcohol bottle—365 specimens were taken’ from a
single moderate sized dropping, and many escaped. Aphodius fimelarius
were not counted and certainly numbered nearly 100. Several species of
Aphodius were taken: Dialyies, Ataentus and several other coprophagus
genera had a fair representation, white S/aphylinidae were taken in im—
mense numbers and considerable variety. Aphodius fossor was moderately
plentiful but seemed very local, found ina single lane only, and only
in one portion of that lane. Many small species new to my collection,
and not generally represented in collections where taken in numbers.

I noted also that droppings not more than 24 hours old were most
productive. If older everything was por: if much fresher little Aco:
fimetartus was found. ©

Stenus is known to be subaquatic in its habits and I found it in the
muck with PAzhydrus. I also found-it in the water net after dragging
aquatic vegetation. Every netful would contain a lot of frog spawn
which was at first cast aside; noticing a specimen of S/nus half imbedded
in one mass, further attention to the matter developed quite a number of
specimens, apparently two or more distinct species, entirely imbedded in
the masses of spawn brought up from the bottom. I do not. recollect
ever seeing this noted anywhere. ies

Afterward in searching running streams for “mide I met unex-
pected success in discovering Parnidae. Examining chips I found a
few specimens of a Hedchus and turning over a stone in an eddy, I found
one or two two crawling on the bottom after the sand settled. Appro-
priating them I was about to turn away when I saw another, and one by
one rather more than a dozen were taken from the same spot.

I found that anywhere I turned a stone and made a small cavity,
Helichus would somehow appear in some numbers’ and continue to ap-
pear until I got tired picking them out.

Aquatic Coleoptera were also taken in numbers, and in (to me) a
somewhat unusual manner. In a swampy portion of the medow I
started to clean out a spring-hole. Taking out a handful of muck, I ob-
served floating on the water a few beetles. They. were annexed, and

[September 1884. BULLETIN ‘BROOKLYN ENTOM.<SOC.. VOL: VIL. 79

more muck removed with the same result, For two hours or longer I
continued this, finding the beetles imbedded in the soft mud around the
roots of grasses, Mydrophilus, Philhydrus, Hydrobius and Cercyon were
principally represented, though an occasional Dyfscrd was found. Quite
a large number of Aydrophilidve were taken, including Felophorus and
Fydrochus . £3 Poke C. H, Roserts.

Editorial N otes.

In‘this number we give a few extracts from the note books of collectors and
some brief extracts from correspondence. Wverywhere the season has been bad
for collecting, and this has been our experience. Cold and wet weather seems
to have been general in the Eastern and Middle States, and in consequence,
comparatively little has been found. “Seashore collecting else very productive,
has this season yielded scarcely anything. Beating and sweeping was’ never so
unproductive, while sugaring for moths was a discouraging task.

* *
‘ *

From 14. T. L. Casey we have a Revision of the Cucwwidae of N. A. (Tr, A.E.
Soc. XI, pp. 69—112. Plates IV--VIII.) — Lt. Casey isa new worker in the field,
and if his future papers show the same thoroughness and conscientious research
which characterizes this, coleopterists may congratulate themselves on such an
accession to the ranks of active workers.

* *
*

From Dr. Horn we have ‘‘Notes on the species of Anomala inhabiting the
United States” (Tr. A. E. Soc. XI, 157—164) and ‘‘Synopsis of the United States
species of Nolowus:and Mecynotarsus” (ibid pp. 165—176). It may suffice to say
that these papers are fully up to the Doctor’s high standard.

* *
*

It is an unfortunate and well known fact that Entomological journals never
‘pay. The Bulletin-is no exception to the rule, but we are anxious to’ make the
subscriptions go as far as possible. Will those of our subscribers who have not
yet sent in their subscriptions please do so at an early date? Our expenses have
been exceptionally heavy thus far, and every dollar helps pay the printer.

* *

From Lt. Casey we have another paper ‘Contributions to the Descriptive
and Systematic Coleopterology of North America” (Pert I with 1 Plate. Publish-
ed Phil., Aug. 1884). This forms a pamphlet of 60 pages, in which are describ-
ed rather more than sixty new species, and three new genera (1 Curabid, 2 Stuphy-
linid). There are synoptic tables of Hucesthetus and Elaphus. The new species
described. are of all families. A valuable feature is the distinction of the species
of Lachnosterna usually confused under the term fusca in collections. A goodly
number of carabidae are described among which, we are sorry to say, several in

,

80 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL, VIL. September 1884. ].

enamel

genera not yet studied. New species of Harpalus, Amana, Bembidium, Tachys,
etc., add only new names to our list and nothing to our knowledge. A remark—
able feature is the separation of Harpalus veridiceneus into five distinct species.
As the pamphlet is a fugitive publication and not accessible to the mass of Co—
leopterists we reproduce the table separating the species. Of course the table
applies only to those metallic green specimens that run as viridiceneus in col-
lections. _
Epistoma bearing two closely approximate and unequal setigerous punctures at
each anterior angle; also two, more widely separated. in the middle, nearly
on a line with the pairs at the angle....,...,-...eeevevreeeee viridicsneus.

Epistoma bearing two closely approximate and nearly equal setigerous punct—
ures at each anterior angle, and in addition, two rather more distant punct-

ures in the middle and near the posterior margin .,.,.....-..... Convictor,
Epistoma bearing two closely approximate setigerous punctures at each anterior

ameley yess ei cceiers tetas Aik REE eee as Looms ta one canonicus.
Epistoma having but one setigerous puncture at each anterior angle.

Larger species. Head large; elytra wider than thorax,........... lustralis.

Smaller species. Head smaller; elytra as wide as prothorax,.... “enescens.

Weare not quite certain that this separation without a study of allied
species or of all the species of the genus 1s advisable. We have hitherto refrain-
ed from attempting to separate the large number of specimens we have as viridie-
neus, fearing that on the same basis we may discover even more species. How-
ever, very little is know of Harpalus, and Lt. Casey may be entirely warranted

in his conclusions.

* *
*

Not strictly Entomological, but interesting to all students of nature are
some recent issues of the “‘“Humboldt Library” the aim of which is to bring
standard scientific literature within the reach of those whose length, or a more
correctly shortness of purse, does not enable them to purchase the ordinary
editions. Of the works recently issued are to be recommended Bates, Natura-
list on the River Amazon; and Darwin, Origin of Species.

The publishers deserve hearty support in their very laudable effort thus to
bring such literature within the reach of all.
* 0 *
Transactions No. 5, of the Ottawa Field Naturalists Club, is at hand, and is
a pleasant surprise. The matter contained in itis quite as valuable as that
contained in many volumes with more pretentious titles. Of interest for Ento-
mologists is a list of Ottowa Coleoptera. Local lists are always of value, aa
especially to the systematist in generalizations of geographical distribution.
This list is compiled by Mr. W. H. Harrington and shows that gentleman to be
a careful collector, and aclose observer. We regret that other orders are only
very generally touched upon. Why will students rush into Coleoptera and Lepi-
doptera when such wide unworked fields exist. in other orders, Diptera and

Hemiptera especially.

{October 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 81

An introduction to a classification of the

N. A. LEPIDOPTERA.
(Continued from p. 74.)

It has been suggested that not all students understand the use of a
tabular synopsis such as the following; a few words of explanation may
not be out of place therefore.

Suppose an unknown moth to come to hand; to ascertain its fa-
mily, reference is had to the table. The first character made use of is
the number of veins. If your insect has 12 in each wing’ it of course is
a Hepiahd. If the wings are tolerably equal, and more than 8 veined,
you find the number 24 at the end of the line containing that character.
That reference is to a similar number beginning a line, and turning to
No. 24 we find only a single family under it, and to that your insect
must belong. _ Assume however that you find ‘‘Wings not equal, secon-
daries with no more than 8 veins.”—2. Refer to 2, beginning a line,
and you find the antenna used to separate the other families into three
groups. Suppose the antenne are not clavate or clubbed at tip. The
reference then is to 3. ‘Turning to 3 we find that the number of dorsal
or internal veins forms the next character. Assume that the primaries
have but a single internal vein; the reference then is to 6. Turning to
6 we find the presence of an oblique connecting vein to be used.
Assume the insect has none, and you are referred to 9. At g the muzcro-
lepidoptera are isolated. Assume that your insect has but two internal
or dorsal veins: the reference is to 10. At 10 the presence or absence
of the frenelum becomes important. Assume its presence, and the
reference is to 14.. At 14 the question of whether or no the dorsal vein
of primaries is furcate toward base, arises, and finding that it is, the
reference is to 15. At 15 the presence or absence of ocelli becomes im-
portant. Assume them present, and the reference is to 20. At 20 the
subcostal vein of secondaries must be examined. Assume it free, and
the reference is to 21. Now the position of vein 7 of secondaries deter-
mines the family to which your insect belongs. Does it arise from, or
before the end of the cell? Ifthe former, it is a Voctucd, if the latter,
a Cymatophorid (Noctuo bombycid).

I have been thus full in explaining how the table should be used
because I have found many who did not well understand the system,
which is yet so simple, precise and essentially complete.

82. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VU. October 1884. ]

i

SYNOPSIS OF FAMILIES,
after Herrich—Scheeffer.
1 All the wings of equal structure, secondaries a little smaller, with 12 veins; an

accessory cell between veins 4 and 5. 9g and 10 out of a common stalk out
of the costal next to the root: a vertical branch to the anterior margin, no

Ocellinoctrene lum eis! as yoac oes Ss RRR OO te oho vole ce ees Epialoidae.
Wings not equal, secondaries with no more than eight veins............. Ure,
Wings nearly equal, all wings with more than 8 veins.............- ...+.-.. 94
Wings divided or split......... 00-006 Geetecenpeede ces nec see ees nemesis 25

2 Antenne clavate; no ocelli, no frenelum, median cell not divided .,--Rhopalocera,
Antenne clavate; with sharp acute point; ocelli; frenelum; divided median cell

Castniaria,

Antenne bristle form, (setaceous) rarely filiform and seldom thickened before
WAS 10). eae Ch eon ooo HOE AIMR OE eC S Eo fol oao22c225 3

3 Primaries without dorsal vein; no ocelli; secondaries with costal vein forming
MA SATINO WAM OAc ericiale © «ce - - ott ele toi fellate Sesioidae.
Primaries with 2, secondaries with 3 dorsal veins.....................-.-.--- 4
Primaries with 2 dorsal veins which are connected; the anterior bends backward
and sends out several branches; all wings with accessory cell... .Qecetecina.
Primaries with one dorsal vein, from the middle of which arises a branch which.
bends backward no accessory cell...... ...-.........-2.2.4-- Animulina.
Primaries with a dorsal vein, which forms toward inner margin a long fork....
Psychina.

Primaries with two dorsal veins; out of the inner, 2 or more veins to the inner
margin: secondaries with 7 seperate veins; the 8th out of the subcostal....
Megalopygina.

Primaries with a single simple dorsal vein... ..........+.2.20+ seeeeeeeseaee
4 Secondaries without costal vein; last branch of subcostal out of the apex of

TTT CIERCS Lea eee ee ick. scorch ey eeeMaeltay aie fa}iete\o) oles eV Shen eat Pyromorphina.

Secondaries as before: with an oblique branch between costal and subcostal

VEINS Oe cee isavs stoi ald als. leo ais'a/h SME eyohalecaial.s, cee repelotst aes ste hi oe arr 5

Secondaries with costal vein, free, or very close to the root; without cross vein,

connected with subcostal or arising out of it; no ocelli............ Cossina b.

Secondaries with costal and subcostal veins free; middle cell of the primaries not

Falihsavaleye bis Nei TNL Oe eRe °C 3 Clones Rome Ides oc: Heterogynina,

IS M@MCCIL PUCSEME sri rasa) sfarelefealara ove «\+, « = 6) slogedatcieneish=)icy sir) aren i= <i Zygaenoidae.

wah Wennirae. so oodenguodacospooouos ndodccpmy ddbooconoen< . .Cossina a.

6 Secondaries with an oblique connecting branch between costal and subcostal

arising behind thei middle...) . . i eenciae ies o.2 2 a= ain oe elie 7

Secondaries without this connecting branch.................. 0 -...----00-- 9

7 Dorsal vein of the primaries divided towards the base............... Sphingina.
Dorsal vein not furcate; no frenelum..............2.-0.2----e00es Seka ee

8. V. 5 of each wing from the same point with 4. Primaries with I1 veims.:....

Endromoidea,

V. 5 of secondaries nearer 6 than 4. Primaries with 12 veins... ...Lasiocampa.

[October 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 83

Io

12

Zi.

Secondaries large, never lanceolate, with one or two free inner veins....... .--10
Secondaries lanceolate; with three dorsal veins; or with venation obsolete......

Microlepidoptera.

Secondaries without frenelum............. 00.0 cence weeeeeeeee : ll
Necondatiesnvwithy frenelutmeyae 4 flies AR ee siesta eerste eerie nrstene rs 14
Dorsal vein of primaries not furcate toward root ............+...000 cesses 12
Dorsal vein of primaries not furcate toward root, vein 5 of secondaries nearer to 6

than to4......... (OE DS RRS REPS bo 3-0) A ESO ORES ROLLE ACCS O IIo CVA Bl Ge 13
Primaries wathout accessony cell). 2... . J-Gee sess ose 6 ae Bombycoidea.
Primaries with accessory cell giving rise to veins 7-10 ......,......... Cilicina.
Momo Me AW ATIUIN iene or faes ties tise cad += </ eMeMeNeN SIE et syeredolannioke asc ov Saturniina,
PROTA GENS ROM Oa ag oxy at aeey esas (avers s. =<. so RRPRIPMGRS Voter ontsest 10 oy oley's euscevece = Uranidae,
Dorsal vein of primaries furcate toward root...... Sods duo cdooHoHoEHDadooodn 15
DorsaAlaveinuoiwprunanesmouiurcate... | jee iiieiiaeieriere cies 99
Oeil Wrevaltte ey Aaah ARO ea eReER ES «cc Sp mer aaioee etal nelar=y eee at seencehiel 16
Wcellnpprescn teeyp eta cisvepeicies: slevey ei, xs. + SMC Mee elel sterol aie) winleyeiors) sions sramieneds 90
Costal vein of secondaries arises from subcostal ............... . Phytometrinae.
Costal vein from root, or very near base... .......-+.---..- ee ee cree eee 17
V. 5 of secondaries weak, or wanting. ................... Dendrometrinae a.
Wes olfsccondarics/equally strong’... .. . \ameeieeeel. sans scent ses emevets ee 18
HemorascloselySCalede ety) iky-s sesiese\-ta,'s:+ a Rots Toenlste ote vie ote Dendrometrinae b.
Hemloraewithwlom ou Waty: jays cus «e. sist sie s.« scum nene a ekNTe) c/s ity Seisiits eledetclin oeuutons 19
V. 6 and 7 of secondaries independent............ att oes Eamon Drepanulinae.
We G-andiy7soisecondaries from: same’ stall Saene sss): ose nino ns Notodontina.
(Costalaveinotisecondaniesireen ys 4st.) : <5 Ameen cle ots, lols clea aisle cisversiena uke 91
Vesvofisecondames from) subcostal... ... J egneens esc. cess onan e. Nycteolina.
V. 7 of secondaries from subcostal before the end of the cell... .Cymatophorinae.
Wer7sousecondaniesmromilendvoficelli: =... aaeeerreseieeciineic ee Noctuina.
SeCONGALIE SMM thy COSTA VEIT cae tos ccc icici, =) RORY eee we Sheree cows waraas oie eeeran 93
Se conaaniesnwitwoulty COstalaveine). ... c/s. sscienieence aeitoe ioe coeielers Syntomoidea.
Ocelliiiwantinen i sss .G i hess cess sesso eRe Lithosinae and Liparidinae.
Ocellligpnesemtirst ceiver sitters + os» 5 REE Res Alu onal ay sie dati Arctioidea.
Ocelli TDRSS S AS Sib ice Oct CRS ere er so c's tons aie eeieR ee Micropteryginae.
Secondaries) dividedinto)sypants.. 5... «+. eaaeee/ss ae eee eee s Pterophorina.
Each wing divided into 6 nearly equal feathers..................... Alucitina.

I wish again to call attention to the fact that the preceding table is

not exactly accurate, as applied to our fauna, but it is so far correct that
all save a few aberrant forms can be correctly referred, by its means. In
the next paper will begin the description of the various groups above
enumerated.

(To be continued).

84 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. October 1884. }

Notes on the food-habits of some N. A. Rhynchophora.

BY E. A. SCHWARZ.

Panscopus ertnaceus Say, occurred abundantly last July in the
mountainous regions of Virginia on wild Grape-vines, feeding on the
foliage and young buds.

Eudiagogus. The food-plants of our two species are the Coffee—
weeds (Cassia occidentalis and C. obtusifolia, and probably also other
species of this genus). /. pulcher is much more abundant and more
widely distributed than Rosenschoeldt and sometimes defoliates large
tracts of these troublesome weeds.

Pachytychius discoideus Lec., breeds in the flower heads of Hedlentum
tenurfolium. es

Anthonomus gularis Lec.; oviposits in the blossoms of Cuassia.mari-
landica in the middle of August, the larve developing in the pods of
the plant.

Anthonomus flvicor ms Boh. I found this inquilinous in a globular
Acarid gall on the leaves of Solanum eleagnifolium at Columbus, Texas.

Rhyssematus lineaticollis Say. Larve and pupz were found. in the
seed pods of Asclepias tuberosa at Detroit, Mich., toward the end of
August. Thereare usually only two or three, rarely more, larvee within
the same pod, and they destroy only a small portion of the seeds.

-Himatium errans Lec., is inquilinous in the galleries of Tomicus
cacographus under bark of Yellow Pine. It occurred abundantly at
Tallahassee, Fla., in April. "

Hypothenemus eruditus Westw. (hispidulus Lec.), infests not only dry
twigs of all sorts of deciduous trees, shrubs and woody plants, but also
old cotton bolls, dried up figs, pomegranates and other fruits. In con-
sequence, of this diversity in food-habits the beetle exhibits considerable
variation in size, shape and sculpture. I have seen specimens from the
Bahama Islands, Jamaica and Brazil. Not rarely specimens occur in
which the head is protruded and thus apparently not covered by the pro-
thorax. Upon such specimens Mr. Eichhoff seems to have established
his genus Szephanoderes.

Micracis rudis Lec., bores under the bare of the larger twigs of
Hackberry (Cv/#s). It is.a rare species and I always found only single
specimens. Occurs in Michigan, Texas and Georgia.

Micracis opacicollis Lec. . Very abundant at Washington, D. C., in
small oak twigs which have been affected by a Cynipidous stem-gall.

{October 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 85

There are sometimes more than 50 specimens in a single twig of three
or four inches in length. The beetle may be found at all seasons and
there are at last three annual generations.

Scolytus muticus, Say. I end this rare species in Aners! under
bark of Celtis at Washington, D. C., and at Columbus, Tex. At the
latter place it occurred in company with S. fag?, Walsh, which is, how-
ever, much more abundant and greatly destructive to the Hackberry.

Chramesus Chapuisti, Lec. I obtained this from. twigs of the Pecan
nut. (Carya olivaeformis) at Columbus, Tex.

Phleotribus frontahs, Fabr., breeds in large numbers i in . small twigs
of Hackberry and also bores under the bark of the large limbs of the
same tree.

Cnesinus strigicollis, Lec. Cut from dry wigs ofa Bumelia at Co-
Jumbus, Tex. Near Washington, D. C., it is not rarely, found on twigs
of freshly felled Oak shrubs.

Brachytarsus limbatus, os I raised this species spencany from
the flower heads of Hedlenium tenuifolium at Selma, Ala, From the same
plant I obtained B. vestitus at Columbus, Tex.

Brachytarsus variegatus, Say; breeds in the smut. of corn.

Choragus Sayi, Lec. I cut several specimens near Washington, Dues
. ~ from thin, dead beech twigs which were infested with fungus growth.

- -Euxenus piceus, Lec. This, the smallest of our Rhynchophora, . is
found abundantly in Florida on dry Palmetto leaves, ‘it larva -living, in
all probability, in the ribs of the leaf. Several specimens of an unde-
scribed species of Xenorchestes were found under the same conditions by
Mr. :H..G. Hubbard in southeastern Florida. ie

ABSTRACT of the PROCEEDINGS >
of the Entomological Club of the A. A. A. 5S.

The meetings of the Club were very well attended, some thirty
gentlemen and ladies having been present; among, them some of our
best known entomologists. A feature of the meeting was the presence

of Dr, Jno. G. Morris well known to all Entomologists as one of the

__ pioneers in American Lepidopterology; to whom we owe .our first cata—

“logue, and to’ whose efforts we owe also the first: attempt at systematizing
our lepidopterous fauna. It will no doubt bea pleasure to our readers

86 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC,. VOL. VII. October 1884.] .

to learn, that Dr. Morris has announced his intention of returning to his
first love—Entomology, and we doubt not he will be hailed with sincere
pleasure by the new generation of Entomologists who have hitherto known
him so favorably by what he has already done.

Sept. 3d. Officers elected. John G. Morris of Baltimore, Presid. ;
Herbert Osborn of Ames, Ia., Vice-Presid.; John B. Smith of Brooklyn,
Secretary.

Dr. Horn called attention to the historical associations connected
_ with the place'in which the club then met. On that very spot in the
old museum of Natural History, Thomas Say, poor in pocket, though
rich in brain, put up his bed under the skeleton of some large mammal,
and this for months was his only home. There also be contracted the
illness which resulted in his death.

-A paper from D. S. Kellicott, ‘‘On the ovipositing apparatus of
Nonagria subcarnea” was read by the Secretary.

The last two abdominal segments of the Q are strangely modified.
The last is laterally broad, chitinous except at base, terminating in two
finger like processes; these are connected at the apices and curve down-
ward. Two concave discs lead to the anal orifice; it is evidently along
this channel that the eggs are passed by the ovipositor. On either side,
and below the groove is a strong chitinous ridge with saw like teeth,
pointed backward. The other modified ring consists of a heavy band
with stout posterior processes for muscular attachment; below are two
stout chisels pointing backward and overlapping the first basal teeth of
the ‘‘saws” of the last ring.

The eggs are laid near the edge of the leaf in a row, and the leaf is
then bent over the eggs, carefully cemented down, and a perfect tube
thus formed. The manner in which this is done has not been witnessed.

The imago has a very peculiar and very prominent pointed clypeal
projection, of use probably in enabling it to pierce the stems of the
Typha in which it lives during the arval period and undergoes its
transformation.

Mr. Smith cited the presence of similar modifications in other
groups of the Noctuide.

Mr. John B. Smith exhibited six large photographic plates of Agro—
tis and gave a review of the remarkable range of variation in structure.
found inthe, genus.. Much greater than in many recognized genera.

[October 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. ‘87

In response to a question from Dr. Morris, Mr. Smith said that
in the Woctuidae genera were undoubtedly based upon very thin charac»
ters—less so than in Coleoptera however.

Dr. Horn said it was long since laid down by Lacordaire that cha-
racters of scarcely specific value in one group formed excellent bases for
high divisions in others; genera have no existence in nature and are
created only for convenience in dividing up large masses of species to
facilitate recognition. Nature has species only. Of late however, per—
sons afflicted with the m/z itch, finding new species scarce had taken to
describing genera. For 12,000 species of Coleopiera some 2000. genera
had been described.

Dr. McCook says in the spiders and ants there is plenty of room
for persons with the mz itch, as there is a very large mass of undescrib-
ed material.

Mr. B. P. Mann then proposed a combination of the Hatonolae
cal journals of America to be published by a stock company and to com-
bine the good features of each. This proposition provoked much dis-
cussion and while the general sentiment was in favor of such a_publica-
tion the opinions also went generally to the point that, it wouid be still
less likely to pay than those now existing. The Am. Entom. Soc. is
wealthy enough to publish everything in the way of long systematic
papers presented to it, and the ‘Transactions’ would be the natural
avenue for such works. The Bull. Bkln. Ent. Soc. covered another
ground in the way of reducing to its simplest and most comprehensive
form the knowledge of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera: often as, Dr. Horn
stated, publishing the result of two weeks hard work, on less than two
pages. It was also published and supported by a Society willing and
able to support it. The Can. Ent. was supported by govt aid. ‘‘Papilio”
was established merely to enable certain authors to get into print more
rapidly than they could otherwise do. and its editor announced that he
saw no reason for its continued existence.

‘‘Psyche” has a hard struggle for existence, but will not suspend
just yet.

A committee was appointed to consider whether such a combina-
tion was advisable, and whether and how it could be supported.

This committee afterward reported adversely to any. such scheme.

Prof, Fernald then proposed a series of very interesting questions
provoking considerable discussion, and on these questions he weuld like
the opinion of all who may have considered them.

88 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. October 1884. ]

1. Where a name has once been published by an author, shall we
-change the mode of spelling to one more consistent with its derivation;
e.g: Treitschke writes Cochylis, probably py mistake; shall we adopt his
spelling or the more correct Conchylis?

Dr. Horn says no; some authors merely put together a lot of letters
without any meaning whatever and called them genera. If such barbar-
isms were accepted we should not stira name as originally spelled by
the author. Mr. Mann agreed with Dr. Horn. Dr. McCook thought
we might make the change; but not if thereby the author's right to prior-
ity would be destroyed.

2, Where an author publishes a name manifestly incorrect in or-
thography, and in a later work ¢ corrects his own error, shall we adopt his
‘correction?

The sentiment was that when the correction was made within a
_ reasonable time and before the incorrect form had come into petee. use,
it should be adopted.

3. Should the termination of the specific name be made to agree
with the generic in gender? e.g. Zeller writes Zortrix viridana; Exar-
tema permundanum; Lophoderus ministranus. Shall this rule be adopted,
or shall we adopt the ending in. aza irrespective of ‘the gender of the
genus? |

Dr. Horn says in Coleoptera specific and generic names always
agree in gender; where however a termination means something, ie. In-
dicates the family to which an insect belongs, he would use the uniform
terminations.. Mr. Mann does not believe in uniform terminations and
while he eould not change existing names, neither would be consider
himself bound to uniform. terminations in proposing new ones, _

4. Where a Zortricid species is described with a name not ending
in ana should this be changed to ana? .e.g. Carpocapsa pomonella? Prof.
Fernald himself was adverse to such change, and no one. disagreed
‘with him.

5. To what extent should the ne oF priority be made use of?
Shall we make use of the oldest name even if the species has been known
under another for a long time? Ifnot, for how long a time musta
name universally or generally be in use to take precedence over an older
name? aes
The sentiment of the meeting was that gisbecsien an es question
would be useless, as no conclusion even if reached would be respected.

{October 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 89

6. What should be taken as the starting point in nomenclature;
some have taken the 12th edition of Lin. Syst. Nat. while others have
taken the roth edition?

No decided opinions were elicited though preferences were stated.

Prof. Fernald expressed surprise that Hiibner’s Verzeichniss genera
should be so generally ignored, though they were after a fashion de-
scribed, while Guenee’s genera of micros proposed in the Index metho-
dicus, though not sanctioned by one word of description were universally
adopted.

Dr. Horn thought the case might be parallel to that of Erichson
and Motschulsky both of whom had proposed some generic terms and
had not described them; but while Erichson’s genera were all adopted
because they always were we'l founded, Motschulsky’s were as uniformly
ignored because usually unfounded.

Mr. Smith said as to (Vocfuidae the parallel would hold. Prof. Fer-
nald said, not so of Zort¢riczdae; Guenee has just as many baseless genera
as Hiibner has,

Sept. 4th —On this occasion the meeting was held at the Ac. of
N, Sc. in the rooms of the Am Ent. Soc. Mr. J. H. Emerton exhibited a
large number of his types of spiders recently described by him, and the
collections of the Society were open.

Mr. Smith gave an account of the secondary sexual characters of
some Lepidoptera, notably Wocturdae and Deltoidae, illustrated by black-
board sketches. In the Delfoids these characters are most aberrant; in
the Herminiunae the anterior coxa is slender, much elongated, the femur
a mere shell, furnished with a dense tuft of long hair} the tibia is more

or less aborted, and modified into a flattened plate, also furnished with

a large tuft. The first tarsal joint which is usually mistaken for the tibia
is greatly elongated and is inserted into the tibia near to the base. In
Palthis the tibia is very short, and the tarsi developed to an enormous
extent. In addition the G Palthis has a very long tuft of hair on the
terminal joint of palpi. Various antennal peculiarities were noted.

_ Renita has a strongly bent joint at basal third, from the base of which

proceeds an articulated appendage fringed with hair. Zanclognatha has
a different bend and lacks the articulated appendage. The modification
in the of! of Heliothis paradoxus and other forms with pellucid spots on
primaries was discussed, and the questions raised: what purpose do une)

server what value shall they have in classification?

‘90 BULLETIN. BROOKLYN ENTOM: SOC. VOL: VII. October 1884.)

‘Prof, Fernald says, in the Zz ortricidae, generic and even higher value
had been accorded these characters, ‘A prominent one in this family
was the costal fold which sometimes extends two-thirds across the wing.

‘Dr.’ Horn says both sexes must-be considered in characterizing a _
“species; a species consists of two separate individuals which must be
-studied as one: synoptic work has a higher aim than the mere recogni-
tion of species: . :\'

. Dr. Macloskie called attention to some sexual differences in: birds;
the flickers of the East and West were widely different: in intermediate
‘points intermediate forms were found and the Qs were almost indist-
‘inguishable. Yet they were distinct, and though no anatomical differ-
“enices could be found there must be a physiological difference.

.-Mr; Osborn réad a paper on AZallophaga and Pediculdae*, See
attention to the correspondence of identical’ or very similar species:on
thé closely related birds and mammals of Europe and America,. citing a
large number ‘of instances. ae

Miss Cora H. Clarke gave an account ee the fae of some Caddis

» fly larve belonging to -Aydropsyche and Plectrocnemia, exhib iine spect

omens of their:work. | -

wi) boMr,. Mann: Luglained naee Prof. earner teteedl | arva living in run-
ning water; he confined them in a glass ‘tube, one end closed by a porous

‘ substance, the other fastened to a faucet. In this way a steady flow of

| water of any. desired strength can be kept up.

-o=Dr, Morris exhibited a gall recently collected and asked information
“con sennene its identity. Asked also what orders of insects are known to
produce galls... Mr.Osborn said about all orders except Orthoptera and
Neuroptera.. Mr. Smith said at last one American Apzonzd was known as
-a true gall producer, while several European species formed root galls.
-Mr. Mann said in Bibliographical work he had found great difficulty
in indexing galls; he had aus Here denes them under. descriptive
“botany. cana Ds re .
~Mr. Osborn said while many plants, Especially the Rosacea were
“subject to galls yet they were: produced by insects and are abnormal-so —
‘far as the plants are concerned; almost every epectes of insect produces
ary a peculiar g aul of its-OWR. .-. ee Oa

‘ His # Families. oe parasitic Hemiptera. which: infest man and. some’ of the lower |

wre yes

animals. Soe aE SUR MERRORRRIIN shod te UU RAD Me eR Sees he wieh ot

}fOctober 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN. ENTOM. SOC: VOL... VII. “91

Dr. Hoy said galls were pathological appearances and rather dis-
eases of plants; as much out of place in descriptive botany as a descrip-
tion of cancer in a description of the lips.

Dr. Morris remarked on the scarcity of larva and imagines of Lepi-

‘doptera, which produced much discussion, and showed that while north-

ward there had been no unusual dearth of insects, elsewhere all insects
had been remarkably rare. Carduc was an exception and generally

‘common. Mr. Aaron cited a remark of Mr. Ridings that he was always

afraid of a season when carduz was abundant, for then, usually, nothing
else would be found.

Dr. Hoy remarked that in his locality (Racine, Wisc. ) he had
found many inSects usually more southern, one started a crseuission pine
the range of P. /urnus.

The question then turned upon the food plants of P. ajax.’ Dr.
Hoy said the pawpaw was not found within 200 miles of Racine, “while

ax had often been found, still fresh and not fully developed.

Mr. Aaron gave spice wood and upland huckleberry as further food

‘plants. Dr. Hoy said they had the huckleberry but not the spice bush.

Mr. Osborn had seen ajax but knew of neither huckleberry,- paw-
paw or spice bush in the-vicinity of Ames, Ia., of the spice wood he was
not sure—they might have it. He reports from Sioux City, that ‘there
‘Chrysochus auratus is so common, that it is crushed under foot in the
streets. Mr. Mann has seen them in woods in piles upon stones, :

Mr. Saunders reports an abundance of H. ¢extor everywhere through
Canada, and from West Canada an invasion of the larva of Gr apta pro-

‘ene on currants,

Mr. Greef exhibited some specimens of Lepidoptera, rare or typical

of recently described forms.

Sept. 8th.—Prof. Martin exhibited some specimens of gum copal

‘containing imbedded insects, all of which appeared’ to be of a post terti-
‘ary type. The gum is obtained near the equator, some distance from
“the shore, by digging atthe site of old forests, long since extinct,
‘the gum being the product of such trees. Among the’ Coleoptera Dr.

Horn recognized a form allied to Calida, 2 Chrysomelids, 1 Clerus, 1 Cy-
matodera, 2 Longicorns near Clytus and Leptura and an Elaterid much

like one of our species of Cardiophorus. Mr. Smith recognized’ one of
the Lepidopiera as a Mamestra, and the Hemiptera as representing common
living types, one Homopterous species remarkably like a form now com-
“mon'and in the Diptera a common Muserd type.

a

~ 92 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL October 1884.

¥
eer,

_ Prof. Lintner gave the results of some observations on injurious in-
sects. Orgyia leucostigma was very rare in Albany. Mr. Dimmock found
the same in Boston. Mr. Hulst the same on L. I. and Mr. Smith the

exact contrary at Cape Cod, Mass,

From Michigan the larva of Agrots fennica is reported as so abun-
dant that it is called the black army worm. Usually this is a rare insect.
Podisus cynicahas been observed destroying the currant worm in numbers.
Lygus linearis is injurious to green peas, stinging and blotching them.
Poecilocapsus lineatus has seriously injured gooseberries, stinging the
branches and thus causing their death,

. Phytonomus punctatus has spread westward and attacked beans; a
new habit for this insect. Crzocerts asparagt has moved west as far as
Geneva, N. J.; heretofore it has been confined to the coast districts.

Galerucella xanthomelaenu has been very destructive to elms, A vast num-.
ber of specimens of Otiorhynchus ligneus were found ina house which had

been closed for four years. What had they fed on? There was nothing

in the house, and one of the natural articles of food is the strawberry root,

-A curious seed, (Zuphordia, probably) from Mexico was exhibited,
locally known as the ‘jumping seeds’. The peculiarity consists “of a

‘series of erratic movements and leaps made by the apparently perfect

seed, They contain however a larva of Carpocapsa saltizans, and it is the
motions of this insect which cause the movements of the seeds; why
they make these motions is unknown. The species closely resembles C.
pomonella but has very differently formed legs the tarsi being hidden by

_Jong scaly tufts.

Dr. Horn calls attention to the fact that all the injurious Coleoptera
cited by Mr. Lintner were imported species and that the fact of their mo-
tion westward along the line of their food plant was to be expected,

-Criocerts 12 punctata, also an imported species, has been taken near Bal-

timore; near that city, and Alexandria many imported species are found.
Blaps mortisiga and one other species are common; the former can be
taken in some places by the bushel, Curious is the remarkable increase
of some species. In 1874 when working with Dr. Leconte on the

_Rhynchophora among all their material only a single specimen of Ara-

mies Fulleri was contained and that came from Montana, A year or
two aftemit was received from all parts of the country aud was dreaded as
one of the worst hot house pests. How did this species spread so sud-
denly over so large a territory? Prof. Lintner had first found the insect
in 1876. Mr. Dimmock finds it very troublesome in hot houses, par-
ticularly on roses. |

—

[November 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL, VII. 93

Mr. Hulst noted the appearance in large numbers of a downy insect
on maple. Mr. Lintner said it was Coccus (Pulvinaria) innumerabilis. Prof.
Osborn had noticed the same insect, and gave its life history: no less
than seven species of insects are known to prey onit. Mr. Saunders has
noticed it, and the larva of Chzlocorus bivulnerus had also been so common
as to attract attention and cause alarm. Mr. Underwood reports that
the species is said occasionally to attack the elm.

Dr. Horn gave an account of secondary sexual characters of cole-
optera comparative with Mr. Smith’s account of Lepidoptera. In Collops
the antennal modification is very like that of Rezza, and the use of it has
been observed: the Q antenna is grasped in the bend of that of the <j;
the articulated appendage is thrown forward, and the antenna beyond
the bent joint is thrown backward, so that during copulation the Q is
firmly held. In AZeoe is a structure very similar to that of Herminza and
answering a similar purpose. The palpi in Sphalera (Tomoxia) some-
times have an articulated appendage near tip, probably also serving as a
grasping organ. These organs are explainable. Other modifications
are obscure. edza for instance has a notch at the inner side of the mid-
dle tibia near tip: a species of Aphodius has a very curious hook to the
first joint of hind tarsi: another has a peculiar clavate appendage to the
inner side of fore tibia near tip.

Mr. Cresson says, that except in the parasitic forms which he has
not studied, the Hymenoptera show no such peculiarities.

Mr. Osborn says that in J/al/lophagide, and especially in Lipeurus,
a modification of the antenna similar to that of the Zomoxia palpi was
found, and also undoubtedly served as a clasping organ.

A committee of three was appointed to arrange a programme
and obtain papers for the next meeting of the club, which then adjourn-
ed. Committee; J. B. Smith, of Brooklyn, Chairman, and B. Pickman
Mann, of Washington, and Herbert Osborn, of Ames, Iowa.

Joun B. Smiru, Secretary.
—______—_—)>- >
ON PRESERVING LARVAE.

BY A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.

Though a person may have collected and studied Lepidoptera for
years and though he may be able to determine hundreds of imagines
from memory, still he will in all probability be unable to give the names
of more than a few dozen larve, and will find himself utterly at sea when

94 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VU. November 1884.] °

endeavoring to describe any larva from memory in such a way that it can
be recognized. Even carefully written descriptions of larvee, made from
the living insect give no satisfaction at all when not ascOn Eee by a
drawing.

Some of us have made sketches or drawings of rare larve, but this
takes up too much valuable time and few collectors can draw a recogniz-
able picture. Others have tried to preserve the larve as near life-like as
possible and have met with more or less success.

In the present article I have tried to describe a method which has
given me during the past year much satisfaction both on account of its
simplicity and effectiveness; the colors remaining nearly unchanged. It
requires no costly or bulky apparatus and a little practice will enable any
one to preserve his larva: in their natural shape and ‘color. Asa rule
larvee are in the best condition to be operated upon, from three to six
days after moulting. The colors are then not so easily destroyed as they
are shortly after moulting or closely before pupation.

When collecting caterpillars for this purpose do wot crowd Re to-
gether in one box as they will invariably stain each other with their green
saliva, causing dark spots on the skin, which f[ have is far been un-
able to remove.

The best way of killing them is with cyanide, care being taken that
the cyanide-bottle is perfectly dry and that the exudation of the larva
when dying does not come in contact with the skin.

When dead, place the larva on a piece of paper resting on some soft
material like wool, take a glass rod or tube, covered with rubber and
cause the contents of the intestines to pass out through the anus by
pressing the covered rod on the larva and rolling it from the middle of
its back towards the claspers. While doing this the intestine will protrude

to a length varying according to the size of the insect from 5 to 15 milli-
meters. Next place the rod close behind the head and repeat the opera-
tion, but do not endeavor to remove everything nor to exert much
pressure on the larva or your green caterpillar, if you are operating on
such a one, will lose its color and turn either white, yellow or brown.

Having removed the nécessary part of the contents of the intestines,
take the protruding alimentary canal between your fingers and insert the
point of a finely drawn out glass tube, till it enters the anus two or three
millimeters, then secure the intestine to the tube with a thread and make
the juncture air-tight with a little collodion. All that now remains to be
done is to fill the larva with air under a pressure of from 5 to 15 milli—

ne

[November 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 95

meters of water according to the size of the larva and then to let it dry.
The drying process will generally take from one to six days.

The advantages of this process are that you need no oven or heat,
that the colors do not change, that the operation takes but a few minutes
and that you have great facilities to give the larva a natural position.

After the larvee are dry they are easily removed from the tube by
cutting the intestine close to the anus all around the tube. By rubbing
a little soap on the point of the tube before insertion it prevents the mem-
brane sticking to the tube. When it is merely desired to dry one or
two larvee the air pressure is most readily obtained from those red rubber
balloons which are sold in all toy-stores. By fastening a short glass tube
provided with a rubber tube and pinchcock in the mouth ot the balloon
and inflating it with air, closing the pinchcock, then attaching it to the
glass tube which has been secured to the larva and opening the pinch-
cock the iarva skin will inflate and take a more or less natural form,
I generally have the drying larvee lie on a table, and cause them to take
a natural position, by propping them up or holding them down wher-
ever desired; by hanging them up they are apt to elongate too much. |

Where it is desired to dry several larveea small gas holder can be
used advantageously, though the following apparatus is as satisfactorv as
to results and can be readily obtained. A U-shaped tube made of tin
or iron tubing from 7 to 10 centimeters in diameter, the legs being each
about 60 centimeters long, is open at one end and connects at the other
to a series of small T-shaped tubes of about 4 millimeters bore, each
ending in a short piece of rubber tubing closed with a pinchcock or glass
stopper. By pouring water in the open leg the air is compressed in the
closed one and any desired pressure of air can be obtained, while larve
can be attached or detached without the least trouble or any appreciable
loss of pressure.

ee =

SYNOPSES OF COLEOPTERA.
TETROPIUM, Kirby.

This genus contains two species resembling Asemum in general
appearance but differing from it in the unequal palpi and divided eyes.
T. velutinum, Lec. Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. 1V, 1869, 7. 382.

This species may be known by the somewhat opaque thorax with
deep medial impression and strongly rounded sides, and by the fine

96 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. November 1884. ] |

\

velvety pubescence which covers the thorax and elytra. The latter are
described by Dr. Leconte as being ‘‘sometimes piceo-ferruginous at base”
but in specimens under examination are ofa uniform reddish brown,
Length .50 to .80 inches, = 123 to 20mm. Habitat, Vanc., Cal.,
Montana.

T, cinnamopterum, Kirby. Fn. Bor. Am. IV, p. 174, t.5, f. 8. Lec. LAP.
ser, 2. II, 1850. p. 35.

In this species the disk of thorax is more shining, smoother and less
broadly rounded at sides; and the pubescence is less marked. The
elytra are dark slatey brown in color, varying to reddish brown and bear |
two more or less marked cost, Length .50 inch. =12.5mm _ Hab.
Nee lasina's abundant Lake Superior.

OPSIMUS, Mann,

This genus contains one species which with Dzcentrus constitutes
the group Opsimz distinguished from all other groups by having the
thickened hind margin of the prothorax broadly emarginate in the arc
of a circle and the emargination filled with a thin corneous plate. The ©
species is

0. quadrilineatus, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1843, II, p. 305; Esch. Dej. Cat. af ed.
p- 354; Lec. Ent. Rep. 1857, p. 60, t. 2, f. Io.

It is a dead-colored, finely pubescent insect, having the prothorax
armed with a lateral acute spine, and the disk of the elytra with several
vague impressions. The palpi are unequal in length and the legs stout
with strongly clavate thighs and the 1st joint of hind tarsi longer than
the two following united. Length .31 to .35 inch. = 8—g mm. Hab,
Alaska, Or.

DICENTRUS, Le.

In this genus the thighs are not clavate and the prothorax is armed
at sides with an acute spine at base in addition to the lateral spines. The
species is fast

D. Bluethneri, Lec. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. VIII, p. 195.

The color of this species is piceous, and the elytra have each two
large brown spots. Length .12 to.22 inch. =3to5.5 mm. Habitat,
California. La

SMODICUM, Le,

It seems useless to repeat all the group characteristics of this genus.
They are fully stated in the ‘‘Classification’. The single species is easily
recognized by its narrow, depressed form and shining, pale yellow
color. Length .3 inch. = 7.5 mm. Hab. Atlantic States ee Texas.

{November 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 97

1 = rs!

‘S. cucujiforme, Say. J.A.P. V, 3, 1827, p. 277.. Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, II, 1850,
p- 24; cylindrides Newm. Ent. Mag. V, p. 394; melanophthalmum Dej. Cat. 3d ed.
P- 357:
CONOCALLUS, Ze.

_ This genus contains only one species:
G. collaris, Kirby. Fn. Bor. Am. IV, 1837, p. 141; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, IL. p. 333
lepidum Lec. J.A.P., ser. 2, II, 1850, p, 34.
It is a slender black species with bright red prothorax and_ brassy
elytra. The thighs are comparatively slender and the 11th joint of the
antennz in (‘is distinctly divided, the outer portion the shorter. Length

: -35 inch =g mm. Hab. Canada, Lake Superior.

PHYSOCNEMUM, Ze.

This genus is equivalent to Dularius Thoms. of the Crotch Check
List, over which it has. priority. It contains two species which have
strongly clavate femora, and the elytra with humeral angles rectangular
and raised lines of a pale color approaching the appearance of ivory.
The species are : , ;

_ P. Andreae, Hald. Trans. Am. Phil. X, 1847, p. 36; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, II,
p- 32; Dej. Cat. 3d ed. p. 355; Jusewm, Thoms, Class. Long. p. 257.

In this species the elytra are blackish, more or less red at base and
apex andthe ivory lines form a St. Andrews’ cross. The femora
are tawny in color. Length .80 inch, = 20mm. Hab. Georgia, rare.

P. brevilineus, Say, J.A.P. II, 1823, p. 413; Hald, Trans. Am, Phil. X, p. 38;
Thoms. Class. Long. p. 358; chalybeum De}. Cat. 3d ed. p. 355.

The elytra are bluish black and shining, the femora are black and
the ivory lines irregularly disposed. Length .50 to.75 inch. = 12.5 to
1g mm. Hab. Pa. to Kansas.

RHOPALOPUS, Jus.

This genus contains only one species resembling the preceding
in form but differing from it by the absence of the ivory lines.
It is entirely black except the thorax which is bright red and the tips of
the elytra which are brownish. The thorax is obtusely angulated at sides
and finely granulate as is the entire body. The legs are black and pilose
with femora moderately strongly clavate. Length $ to ~ inch. = 15 to
19mm, Hab. Northern New York,

R. sanguinicollis, Horn, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil. 1860, XII, p. 571, t. 8, f. 3.

98. BULLETIN. BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. November 1884]:

HYLOTRUPES, “rv.

This genus includes three species which resemble Phyma/odes in the
rounded sides of prothorax, slightly tapering elytra and clavate femora
- but differing in the broad prosternum and enclosed hind coxz. They
'. are easily separated by their colors as follows.

Black, elytra black with grey pubescence ........ ae Rees idvibias et aee bajulus,
Black, elytraivioletiblue sisi 0s)... » < caeeeee nena ore ese Secs aa amethystinus,
_. Black, elytra yellow or red with black markings et tenae PME a0 d'o 2 ligneus.

H. bajulus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. X, p. 396; Panz. Fn. Germ. 70, 1; &c. caudatus
Dels.; Linneianus Laich; similis Marsh; bullatus Hald. Trans, Am. Phil. X, p. 365
Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, II, p. 31; Piper erie Falderm; lividus Muls; &c.

This species is entirely black. the thorax thickly clothed with long
white hair and ornamented with two smooth, strongly elevated callosities.
The elytra are black, coriaceous at tip and sides and have an indistinct
patch of white or grav pubescence about one third from base with scme-
times a still more indistinct patch behind this, ‘The posterior thighs are
scarcely clavate. The antennz are very slender and short; in G' one-
third, in 9 one-halflength of body. Length ¢ to ¢ inch. = 19 to 23 mm,
Hab, United States.

EH. amethystinus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. VI, p. 234. —

This species is black, the thorax has three indistinct See longi-
tudinal elevations, and is otherwise densely punctured; the elytra are
shining violet blue, finely and densely punctured; the femora are simple,
neither anterior nor posieiey being clavate. Length .75 inch. = 19 mm,
Hab. California.

H. ligneus, Fab. Mant. Ins. I, p. 153; Oliv. Ent. IV, 70, p. 23, t. 7, f 79;
Lec; J.A.P: ser. 2, ID, p. 32.

This species is.very variable in color. The body is black and the
thorax carries five slightly elevated callosities.. The thighs are as in
bajulus clavate except the posterior. The antennz are longer and in the
female quite strongly serrate. The normal color of the elytra is bright
yellow with apical fourth and a medial spot black. The yellow is at
times however nearly red and the spot is extremely variable in size and
shape. Length .30to .45 inch, =7to12mm, Habitat, Maine to
California.

i PHYMATODES, Mus.

This genus, containing many species, in addition to characters of
table is distinguished from Cadidiwm which the species often closely re-
semble, by the labial palpi being much shorter than the maxillary. The

[November 1884.. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 99

type of the genus is varzadilis which is so well known than an extended
description is unnecessary. With the assistance of Dr. Horn we have
compiled the following table: .

SYNOPSIS OF PHYMATODES.

Thorax yellowish, surface metallic.
Larger species.

- Thorax, elytra and legs yellow, more or less marked with blue ...... variabilis.
(Color fUsGOUSe iairec ce se lene ce cies )s)0 o/h aeeeetaastene Paros aicheve aie thers tances infuscatus,
Smaller species.
LOI SAID, ESC ES, OO NESE IGRI | c occ LO RO OOO ROr Uo nee nines thoracicus.
Elytra blue.
Nintenmeerallcarksss a1 ict tess \s ow « eR TOS ole Giuieuc a siete tio acheles amoenus.
basal yom ofantennces pales. a... Sees etic ere oicie eels ei erciere blandus,
Thoraxsnmous with broad. blacks vitta =). tomes eee cesses weusce maculicollis.
Thorax and elytra unicolorous.
Brown ombluishv black, larger species: . yj. qaemeeweee ts cn seis s Os cence obscurus.
Opaque brown or black, smaller species. .......2000c0cees cece nese eecees ater.
Shininoe lackey invetersiese civ clan sides, s ss. lc RMIE err oust Ate ee also aeneus,
Thorax dark, elytra of lighter shade before the middle.................. dimidiatus.
Thorax variable, elytra fasciate.
Bi lyiinaviwrat One FASCIA. a aine sje c cycle, “se ne (a PARR NN DENS avefesayelon cichsneve ti 97s vulneratus,
Elytra opaque with two fasciee.
FEET IESILASVCESEOC ot ec. utes. acs SMT ree) he gk Un ae varius.
INBISCHED (015) TORS AS act etry Oe es OS ERReRCie, Gs cickclg MORIA RCE rita 6 decussatus.
Blyiranveny shining. swith twoascize. ./: - geen wee sies ek eu eminent e sae nitidus.

P. variabilis, Linn. Fr. Suec. p. 192; Kb, Fn. Bor. Am. IV, p. 172; Costa, Fn.
di Nap, II. p. 33, t. 33, f. 1—4; testaceum Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. X, p. 396; Oliv. Ent.
IV, 79, p- 15, t. 1, f. 11; Schoenh. Syn. Ins. I, 3, p. 443; Muls. Col, Fr. ed. I, p. 50;
ventrale Hald. Trans, ea Phil. X, p. 37.

The coloring of this species varies greatly, it being sometimes en-
tirely yellowish and sometimes entirely suffused with a metallic blue
which reaches the thorax and tibie. Every variety between these ex-
tremes is found. Length .52 inch, =13 mm. Hab. United States,

P infuscatus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 285.
This is, fide Dr. Horn, almost surely a synonym of varzabzlis.
P. thoracicus, Muls. Col. Fr. ed. I, p. 51.

The thorax varies in color somewhat, heing yellowish testaceous with
more or less darker blotches at sides. ‘The elytra are uniformly piceous,
in specimens before us with a faint metallic lustre. The (j\ antennz are
very long and filiform. Length .36 inch, = 9 mm. Hab. Canada
and M, States. The species is an imported one.

100 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. November -1884.]

P, amoenus, Say, J.A.P. II, 1823, p. 413; Lec, J.A.P. ser. 2, II, p. 33; bicolor
Knoch. i. litt.

The thorax is bright yellow and the elytra metallic blue. Length

.20 to .32 inch. = 5 to8 mm. Hab. New York.
P, blandus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1850, p. 79.

Resembles the preceding very closely, but the elytra vary to a lighter
shade of blue and the basal joint of antenne is always pale. It is also
narrower than amoenus. Length .30 inch. = 7.5mm. Hab. California.

P, maculicollig, Lec. Proc. Am, Phil. XVI, p. 614.

No specimens of this species are before us. pve give therefore Dr.

Leconte s description in full,

‘‘Blackish, piceous, finely sparsely pubescent. Head and prothorax finely not
densely punctured, the latter a little wider than long, rounded at the sides, rufous
with a broad black dorsal vitta. Elytra not wider than the prothorax, densely punct—
ured. Beneath sparsely ee proper rufous. Hees piceous, coxe and

middle coxze slightly sepatated, Antennze slender, filiform, a little more than one—
half as long as the body, 4th joint equal to 5th. Length ose inch. = 6.5 mm.° Hab.
Isle Royale, Lake Superior; but one specimen found.”
P. obscurus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 79. <
This species presents a slightly different form, the humeral angles
being quite prominent and showing traces of a tubercle. The color
varies from quite a light brown to a deep bluish black. Length .38 to
.58 inch. = 9.5 to15 mm. Hab. California.
P, ater, Lec. Mss.
‘The description of this heretofore napnblisheaee species ‘has ‘been

given us by Dr. Horn from the manuscript of the late Dr. Leconte.

Black, very sparsely and finely pubescent, head punctured; -prothorax half wider
than long, strongly punctured, much rounded at the sides; elytra strongly and equally
punctured; antennze and legs tinged with piceous. ener .25 inch. =6.5 mm. Hab.
Buffalo, N. V.; one ci.

P. aeneus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. VI, 1854, p. 18; Entom. Rept. 1857, p. 60.
This very distinct species is of a uniform shining black color. Length
.27 to .35 inch. = 7 tog mm. ‘Hab, Oregon. i

P, dimidiatus, Kb. Fn. ‘Bor. Am. IV, p: 173; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2; II, p. 33; an—
ticum Dej. Cat. 3d ed. p. 355; palliatum Hald. Trans. Am. Phil. X, p. 41; Kalmt
Schoenh.. Syn. Ins. I, 3, p. 4423, bajulus Linn, Mus. Lud. Ulss p- 70; Mannerheimi
Lec. Ent. Rept. 1857, p. 60.

This species varies in the lighter or r darker shade of its color but can
always be recognized by the character given. Length .35 to .50 inch.
=gto12.5 mm. Hab, United States. |

[November 1884. _ BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 101

P, vulneratus, Lec. Ent. Rept. Expl. and Sury. XII, 1857, p. 60.

Color uniform black, somewhat shining, with an oblique band of
white hair on each elytron. Length .32 inch, =8 mm. Hab. Cal.

P. varius, Fab. Spec. Ins. I, p. 241; Oliv. Ent. IX, 70, p. 54, t. Se ta S5eluec:
J.A.P. ser. 2, Il, p. 33; versicolor Gmel. et Linn. I, 4, p. 1852; bicinctum Dej. Cat.
3d ed. p. 355; albofasciatus Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. I, 1862, p. 274.

The coloring of this species varies greatly. It is generally light
rufous, darker behind the middle with two transverse white bands, but
the species is found of many darker shades and even entirely black with:
only the extreme base of the elytra a shade lighter. The anterior band
is arcuate, the posterior quite straight. Length .25 to.36 inch. = 6 to
gmm. Hab. United States.

P. decussatus, Lec. Ent. Rept, XI, 1857, p 6r.

Varies in color as the preceeding does, but is easily distinguished
by the bands being oblique. The anterior is slightly arcuate and bent
downward toward the suture, the posterior in the Opposite direction,
Length .25 to 30 inch. 6107.5 mm. Hab, California,

P, nitidus, Lec. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, V, p. 66.

The color of this species varies from yellowish brown to black but
the elytra are always lighter betore the middle. The bands are as in
decussatus and the species can only be surely distinguished by the very
shining surface of the thorax and elytra. Length .25 to .28 inch. = 6
to 7mm. Hab, Nevada,
MERIUM, Airby.

_ Contains only one species;
M. proteus, Kirby. Fn. Bor. Am. IV, 1837, p, 172, t.5, f. 5; Mann. Bull.
Mosc. 1853, III, p. 247; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, II, p. 32.

This species is very distinct by the raised lines of the thorax and
elytra. ‘The color is brown and the lines being a lighter tint and quite
shining resemble dirty ivory. Length .45 to .60 inch. = 11 to 15 mm.
Hab. Colorado, Hudson Bay Terr.

cucu. ae

SYNOPSES OF BUTTEREFLIES.
By Rev. Geo. D, Hutsr.
COENONYMPHA, 0.
1, California, Doub. Hew. Gen. Diur. Lep, If, p. 398, pl. 67.

Wings above almost uniform dusky white, showing however quite
plainly the markings of the under side. Sometimes these exist. on the
upper side, making on both wings a broad marginal band, slightly
lighter in color. There is often a small round more or less obsolete

el

102 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOc. VOL. VII. November 1884.)

ocellus near the apex, ene several in a submarginal row on the hind

wings.

Beneath, gray brown with the outer third and inner margin lighter
on the primaries; this outer band is lightest ‘towards the base, and at
margin contrasts strongly with the gray brown of the base. The secon-
daries correspond with the primaries, but with outer margin somewhat

darker. The primaries generally have one ocellus,. the secondaries.

several, all more or less obsolete. pani about ae inches. _ Hab.

Pacific Coast.
. Var. a. Brenda, W. H. Edw. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 2, 375. Eryngii, Hy. Edw.

Light cream white above. Beneath, with central dark edging’

distinctly marked, often pinkish. Sometimes without ocelli. Cal.
Var. Ob. -galactina,. Bois.. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 2me, ser. X, p. 309; Ceres, Butl.
Wings above light cream white with lines fainter and base blackish,

California.
Waite. Kodiak, W. H. Edw. Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. 2, 375.

Wings above light brown with a gray shade. Beneath, the central
ie shade, white. Kodiak. ret:

‘Var. d. Pulla, Hy. Edw. Pap. 1, Gye - ees

Entirely dark fawn color above with blackish at base of wings.

Beneath; dull brown with markings indistinct. Cal.
9. inornata, W. H: Edw. Proc. Acad. Sci. Phil. 1861, 163.

Wings above, ochrey brown. ligater on disc. Costal’ margin ie pri-
maries and abdominal margin of secondaries gray ish. No epee above or

below.
Beneath, same color as above from base to heen egal then a

transverse cinereous ray of lighter color, and beyond this grayish, Some-
times the ray disappears. Secondaries gray, with a slight greenish tinge,
darkest from base to middle, and this: shade separated from the paler
marein by a transverse tortuous interrupted ray, the course of which is
parallel with the outer ee ao about 1.5 inches. Manitoba,
Newfoundland. + henna

Var. a. ochracea, W. H. Edw. Proc. Acad. Sci. Phil. 1861, 163.

Bright glossy ochrey yellow above without any mark or spot, except
as marks below show through; base of wings dark gray. Beneath, pri-
maries the same color but grayish along outer and abdominal margin;
a submarginal row of several obsolete ocelli; White rays as in zmornaia.

Rocky Mts. and Pacific Coast. .
. Var. b. Ampelos, W. H. Edw. ‘Trans. Am, Ent. Soc, 3, 213.

Above bright glossy ochreous; beneath nearly the same. Rays as
in inornata. ~ No ocelli above or below, Oregon.

{November 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 103

Var. Elko, W. H. Edw. Can. Ent, 13, 57.

Upper side more yellow than. Ampelos. Underside much lighter,
the basal and outer parts contrasting in color. Nevada.

8. Pamphila, Linn. Syst. Nat. Ed. X, 472. Pamphiloides, Reak,

Upper side almost uniform ochrey yellow; all wings edged outward-
ly with brown more or less dark, A single ocellus more or less obsolete
near apex of primaries. Costa of primaries dark.

Beneath, primaries as above, ocellus somewhat brighter. Secon-
daries brown darkest towards base, somewhat reddish outwardly; outer
third lighter. Near the middle is an irregular rav, well marked, much
lighter, extending from anterior margin half way across the wing. Ex.
pands 1 to 1.25 inches. Rocky Mts.

The above is our determination of the species te this genus with the
material we have athand. ‘The species are very variable, and even Mr.
Butler, who is known as a multiplier of species on superficial differences
says (Cat. Satyr Brit. Mus.): ‘‘the form of the local bands, and the con-
stancy of the ocelli can not be relied on in Coenonympha”. We may add,
nor can the shade of the general color above and below. The forms
placed as variations of Caf/ornia and imornata do not all we think de-
serve that distinction. Jworna/a itself is probably not more than a
variety, if it be not a synonym of C. Ziphon, Rott, but we have not the
material on hand to make the statement positively.

With regard to pamphilordes Mr, Strecker has Reakirts ty Pe) and

says it differs in no way from pamphila.

OO =e

SOCIETY NEWS.

Sept. 27th.--The Society met for the first time at its new rooms in the
Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. Prof. Mayer in the chair, 18 members present.

Mr. M. C. Linel was elected a member of the Society, and Messrs. J. Mohns,
F. A. Stinner and 8. P. Sammis were proposed for membership by Mr. Gade.

It was resolved to convey to the authorition of the Polytechnic Institute the
thanks of the Society for the accomodations furnished.

An invitation was also extended to all connected with the Institute to attend
the meetings of the Society.

Messrs. Weeks and Cramer were appointed a committee to report upon the
feasibility of a series of short lectures on Entomology to be given by specialists,
members of the Society.

Mr. Geo. Gade gave the results of some observations on the habits of Pimpla
(Rhyssa) lunator usually classed as an ichneumon. The males are often observed
congregated upon an apparently sound part of a tree; scraping away bark, some-
times to the depth of } inch, the 9 was found ready to emerge. Retiring, the
males at once returned and one finally succeeded in copulating with the 2

while yet she was in the cellor burrow. They remain but a short time in copula,
then the Q completes her exit from the larval habitation, and flies about,
further unmolested by the <j’, in search of a suitable tree upon which to oviposit.
One found, she explores all crevices with her antenne and a satisfactory spot
found —often a hole left by a Pimpla in emerging—she deposits an egg, which
is very small, smooth, oval, and yellowish brown in color.

The oviposition is performed as follows: the long ovipositor is bent, passed
between the posterior legs, the abdomen is elevated almost to aright angle with
the thorax, and the ovipositor guided by the anterior tarsi is forced with a
ramming motion into the wood to the depth of from 2 to 3 inches.

The ovipositor is composed of three pieces; two, grooved and pubescent act
as a sheath to the borer proper and do not enter the wood; the third has the ap—
pearance of a horse hair, is rather flattened and tapers somewhat to the tip,
where it is armed with about 21 saw teeth at each side and about 14-on the
upper edge. If we now make a cross section of the borer at this point we find
that it consists of three pieces; the upper part horse shoe shaped with a T rail
projection on the ends and the two lower parts each like half a horse shoe furn-
ished with a groove in which the T rail fits easily and in such a manner that the
pieces may slide upon each other without separating and to leave the borer cap-
able of sufficient expansion to allow the egg to pass through the hollow centre.

In boring the ovipositor has not only a ramming, but also a sliding motion,
the side pieces. which do the cutting, being forced forward alternately until the
desired depth is reached.

Pimpla has been supposed an Ichneumon, but I have long doubted this be.
eause I never found in the wood any larva upon which it could feed. Ihave
during the past season watched many females ovipositing and have cut off the
ovipositor when ready to be withdrawn and in no instance have I found a
larva of any kind anywhere near the point reached by the borer and where the
egg was deposited. The conclusion i is therefore that the larva is atrue wood
feeder and not parasitic.

Messrs. Hulst and Weeks stated in the discussion following, that they had
reached the same conclusions from independent observation. ;

Mr. Hulst gave an outline of a paper read by Prof. Macloskie of Princeton
at the meeting of the A.A.A.S. on the Dynamics of the Insect Crust, and in the
course of the discussion of this subject Mr. Cramer stated that he had. observed
in a larva of Papilio philenor that 24 hours after it was blown and mounted the
oral parts were still in motion as thongh the insect were alive.

‘Prof. Mayer gave an account of how he had collected during the past season
and secured many rarities in Lepidoptera.

Mr. Cramer exhibited and explained a device for blowing and preserving
lepidopterous larvee, which was universally approved by the members present.
Mr. Cramer illustrated the subject by preparing a specimen. An abstract of his
address was offered for publication. A. C. Werxs, Rec. Secy.

Members are requested to note the change of place of meeting, and it is
also desired that all those having books of the Society do return them as soon

ag conveniently possible, as the Library isabout to be re-arranged and the books-

catalogued. Vibes Pre we es

104. -BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. November 1884.]

[December 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC: VOL. VII. 105

SOCIETY NEWS AND NOTES.

At the meeting of the Society Sept. 25th, 1884, were present 11 members.
President J. B. Smith in the chair. Visitors: Messrs. J.G. Holland, D.D., and
Mr. Claggis of Pittsburgh, and Mr. G. J. Angell of New York. On motion Dr.
Holland was invited to sit as a corresponding member.

Mr. Wm. Beutenmuller was proposed for membership by Mr. Hulst, and
Mr. G. J. Angell by Mr. Roberts.

Messrs. Julius Mohns, F. A. Stinner and Stephen P. Sammis were duly
elected as members of the Society.

The action of the President and Secretary in arranging for exchanges
with the Belgian Entomological Society, the Stettiner Entomol. Verein, and the
Entomologist, of London was approved, and the Corr. Secretary was directed to
endeavor to establish exchanges with all Entomological Societies and public—
ations, and to accept any, reasonable offer of exchange made by any other scien—
tific Society or publications.

Mr. Smith stated the substance of a'recent paper by Lieut. T. L. Casey, at
this meeting presented to the Society, commenting on the division of Harpalus
viridiaeneus 2nd requesting the members to collect as many specimens as pos-
sible of that species in order that the correctness of Lit. Casey’s action could be
verified.

Mr. Weeks reported the capture of C. modesta on Staten Island: a new lo-
cality for this beetl*, which in the vicinity of New York had been hitherto found
only in one spot in New Jersey.

A discussion on the range of Kuptoieta claudia was participated in by the
Lepidopterists. The species is not uncommon, locally, around New York: Dr.
Holland says it is not found near Pittsburgh.

Mr. Smith reported that in company with Mr C. H. Roberts he had thor-
oughly tested the trap described at Vol. VI, p, 69, of the Bulletin and had found
it a complete success. This led to a discussion on the attraction of insects to
light. Dr. Holland stated that the burning gas wells near Pittsburgh illumined
the country for miles around, and insects were attracted by the thousands, so
that a circle of scorched insects was each morning to be found. Among them
were many large Bombycidae and principally males. Over 100 <{' Saturina io were
found one morning. He fears-this may eventually cause the destruction of the
larger Bombycidae in that vicinity; the larva of io, else common enough, is this
season extremely rare. At an electric light a large number of very good species
had been taken. The brighter and more intense the light, the greater its attrac-
tion to insects. Mr. Gref related the experience of some collectors, who threw
a powerful light against a white sheet, giving a large white surface which
proved very attractive.

Mr. Smith related his eae in the Catskills, pulling down a thin white
blind to an open window and setting a lamp behind it. The insects flew to the
white surface found their way intothe room around the edges and quietly settled
about the walls where they were taken next morning.

__ Mr. Schwensen had often noted the attraction of an electric light near the
Central Park, to Coleoptera: Carabidae, and especially Harpalini came in consider-

106 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. December 1884. ]

able numbers. Dytiscidae and Hydrophilidae only when the wind was favorable-—
i.e. from the Park lakes. .

The attraction of sugar to insects was then brought up, and Mr. Claggis
who had collected during the past season in the Isle of Jamaica gave the result
of his experience. Sugaring trees. was without result. The flowers exercised a
superior attraction. Flowers were so abundant that collecting at them was
tedious, so he tried sugaring flowers, and with complete success. The flowers
artificially sweetened swarmed with insects, while the others were deserted.
Large Bombycidae too came to this bait that never came to sugar on trees. Other
members gave their experiences with flowers as an attractor and Mr. Smith gave
the result reached by Mrs. Fernald as stated by Prof. Fernald at the meeting of
the Ent. Club of the A.A.A.S

Messrs. Hulst and Holland discussed the date of the appearance of Argynnis
diana in N. C. finding it ranged from latter part of June to the middle of August.

A. C. Wzxxs, Rec. Secy.

On our table is a ‘‘Synopsis of the North American Trichopterigidae’ by
Rev. A. Mathews, Gumley, England. Dr. Mathews is a well known authority
on the family here monographed by him, and having the advantage of the mat-
erial in the collection of Dr’s. Leconte and Horn, his work is up to the present
state of American collections. Significant is this passage in the introduction
“The Trichopterigidae are probably the most extensive Family of the Coleoptera”.
Less than 100 species are catalogued in the paper, and there is a very large field
therefore for collectors who will seek out these minute forms. The paper is an
excellent one, and is published in the Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XI, pp. 113—156.

We have also a “Synopsis of the Philonthi of boreal America” from the pen
of Dr. Horn. This was a work much needed, because so many species in col-
lection were named by Fauvel. but not described, and oft times the mss. name
was synonymous with one before given or the species had been previously de-
scribed. Great confusion therefore existed in collections. Dr. Horn now gives
usa simple easily comprehended classification, dividing that part of the genus
treated of by him into three genera—Philonthus, Actobius and Cafius — and about
118 species. The paper is published ‘Ir. A. E. Soc. XI, pp. 177—244.

a os

Table of Balaninus, Germ.
By FrepErick BLANCHARD.

The following is offered for the purpose of making known an un-
described species of Balanzmus recognized since the publication of Dr,
Horn’s synopsis Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc’y. 1873, p. 457. reference to
which must be had for further details, For convenience the sinuation
or angle formed by the outer or free edge of the femoral tooth with the
continuation of the femur is termed the angle entering the femur.

{December 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VI. 107

First joint of antennz shorter than the second, Mesosternum less convex. .....
7. caryatrypes.

First joint of antennze longer than the second. ......... 02. esses eee eee eens ab

1. Beak of Q longer than the body except in certain specimens of nasicus where it
issonlyxequalini length! to the’ bodiy eeepc sale leiatsie clelelsel earls el slaie 2.

Beak of Q short, two thirds or three quarters the length of the body. Tooth of
femur with the outer edge oblique, the angle entering the femur obtuse and

MIOHE/OWMESSITOUNGER 05, voce sc </='c 5. RPDS See bciele class syersidic-se uaa aa tow ers 3.
3. Appendices of claws broad rectangular. Femoral teeth larger. Scape of antennze
Mel (dnyey On oyna ene aCe RIEIIRE EGS < 50.0 G ca OCS Remo 1, obtusus, n. sp.

Appendices narrow acute. Thorax more convex. Scape of antennz in the Q short
barely exceeding in length joints one and two of the funicle... .2, uniformis.

2. Tooth of femur with the outer edge oblique. The angle entering obtuse........ ae
Tooth of femur with the outer edge perpendicular forming with the apex of the
femur a right angle which is not rounded ................ceeceeeeeees 5.

5- Scales beneath oval. Tibize moderately mucronate............. 3. nasicus.
Scales beneath narrow, hair like. Tibize more strongly mucronate, Last ventral of
pied ©mmore deeply impressed). - 2) eee yet eet oe)eisici-oleyets 4, caryae.

4. Thorax of Q longer than wide. Scape of antennze long.

Metasternum of J’ in well preserved specimens, with a small, rounded, condensed
patch of yellow scales each side of the median line. Femoral tooth small, the
anclesentenimogrOUNded. 28 4/54). 2\c/ CMRI Hoe spon vecsiend, cossuetesens 5. rectus.

Thorax of © not longer than wide. Pygidium of <¥' concave at tip and glabrous, the
depression surrounded by moderately long silken hairs. Scape of the anten-
nze of © short, equal to joints one and two of the funicle. The angle entering
the femur not rounded..... ea addy Seat RO ah ct ira Ubaharal «al oeah oes 6. quercus,

B. obtusus, n. sp. Form short, robust, clothed with cinereous scale like hairs
above, varying in color from cinereous to ochreus and brown, beneath with elongate
silvery or yellowish scales. Beak of 9 two thirds or three quarters the length of the
body, that of ¢/' shorter; the base to the insertion of the antennze blackened, distinctly
punctured and more or less striate, the tip also darker. ‘The antennze are inserted at
the middle of the beak in the ,¥’, behind the middle in the Q; scape long in both sexes,
the first joint of funicle longer than the second. Thorax moderately convex, the sides
slightly rounded from base to middle, then strongly rounded, narrowed and sinuate to
the apex, coarsely and densely punctured and covered with transversely arranged scale
like hairs which form a paler vitta each side. Elytra about three times as long as the
thorax, a little wider behind the humeri, the sides rounded to the tips which are
slightly separated. Vestiture nearly unicolorous, or ochreous with irregularly placed
brown spots, or brown sprinkled with paler spots. Femoral teeth strong, outer edge
oblique, forming an obtuse angle with the continuation of the femur. Tibize moderately
mucronate. Appendices of claws broad, nearly or quite rectangular, slightly rounded,
Length without the beak, 6 to 8 mm.—,j’. Abdomen with first and second ventrals
broadly impressed, the last ventral impressed at tip, truncate and slightly emarginate,
-—Q. Abdomen convex, last ventral rounded at tip.

Mass. Beaten from Hazel-nut. N. H.. (Tex. and Neb., Horn.)
Dr. G. M. Levette of Indianapolis has sent me specimens of 2. caryae

bred by him from Indiana Pecans. He has also bred rectus from acorns

108 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. December 1884 ]

end

==:

gathered in summer and brought from Arizona, the beetles appearing
the following December indoors.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

1. Balaninus obtusus, n. sp. 6—8 mm. N, H., Mass., Nebr., Tex.

2. uniformis, Lec. Pacif. R.R. Rep. 1857, p. 57; Horn, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. 1873,
p- 459.—4.5 to7 mm. Can., Eastern and Middle States, Kans., Tex., Cal., Or.

3. nasicus, Say, Curc. N.A., p. 16; Am. Ent. edit. Lec., 1. p. 279; Gyll. Schoenh.
Gen. Cure. 111, p. 377; Horn, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. 1873, p. 460; nasatus || Say
loc. cit.; rostratus Gyll., loc. cit,, p. 374; sparsus Gyll., loc. cit., p. 379, 4.5—
8.5 mm. astern and Middle States, Geo. Kans.

4. caryae Horn, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1873, p. 460, 5 tog mm. Ind.

. rectus Say, Curc. N.A., p. 16; Am. Ent. edit. Lec. 1, p. 279; Horn, Proc. Amer.
Phil. Soc. 1873, p. 459; rectirostris Gyll. Schoenh. Gen. Cure. 111, p. 376; Sayi
Gyll., loc. cit., p. 375. 5—7 mm. Middle and Southern States, Ariz.

6. quercus, Horn. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. 1873, p. 458. 5—9.5 mm. Mass. Tex.

7. caryatrypes Boh. Schoenh. Gen. Curc. VII, 2, 276; Horn, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc.

1873, p. 458. 8—11 mm. Middle States and Westward.

wn

—\!!|—s»> 2 + eee

Note on the species of Gaurotes, Ze Conée.
By FREDERICK BLANCHARD.

With the exception of the observation on the form of the mesostern-
um I am indebted to Dr. Horn for the following notes:

The genus Gaurofes as hitherto defined would only include G. cyanz-
pennis. G. abdominalis and, as Mr, Ulke has informed me, G. Cressonz
have the mesosternum simple as in the genus Acmacops, not protuberant
as in the first mentioned species. The superficial resemblance however,
of the three species is temarkable. They differ as follows: G. cyani-
pennis has the antennz entirely pale and the abdomen piceous with slight
metallic lustre; abdominalis with the same form of body has from one to
three basal joints of the antennz piceous and the abdomen yellowish
testaceous, while Cressonz with a more robust form of body has the anten-
nz, tips of femora, tibize and tarsi piceous and the abdomen as in aé-
dominalis, —

The variation in the torm of the mesosternum is an indication of
the instability of what are usually regarded as valid generic characters.
A strict interpretation of the mesosternal structure would separate these
species. For the present they might remain associated until a renewed
study either better develops the difference between Acmaeops and Gau-
rotes or shows the necessity, of uniting, them.

{December 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 109

SYNOPSES OF LEPIDOPTERA.
By Rev. Gro. D. Hutst.

CHIONOBAS, 20s.
OENEIS, Hub.

1. semidea. Say. Am. Ent. III, pl. 50. Oeno Bois, Also Bois, assimilis Butl.,
subhyalina Curt., eritiosa Harr.

Wings above nearly uniform dark brown, the markings of the under-
side of the secondaries appearing through; the whole outer margin very
narrowly lined with black, Beneath; primaries a little paler, marbled
at apex with black and white; secondaries marbled with black and white,
a broad dark band crossing center edged outwardlv with white. The
primaries have sometimes a single ocellus above and below near apex.
White Mountains, Labrador, Rocky Mts. Expands about 2 inches.

2. Bore, Schn. Var. Taygete Hub. Zutr. Pap. 1, Nymph. IX, Oread. D, Nubilee,
3, 1-4; Bootes Bois.

Wings above dark brown, female paler, somewhat yellowish, with
darker marginal bands; outer border narrowly edged with black.
Beneath, flecked with hoary at apex of primaries and on whole of secon-
daries except borders of the middle band. A darker submarginal band;
middle band edged with black inwardly, white outwardly. Primaries
sometimes with an almost obsolete ocellus near apex. Expands about
2 inches. Labrador.

3. Crambis, Frey. Neu. Beitr. V, pl. 440, f. 3 and 4. Taygete, en, & Also.
Moesch. Oeno, Scud.

Wings above varying from dark brown to yellowish brown, second-
‘aries with design of lower surface showing through. Beneath, primaries
like upper surface, hoary tipped; secondaries marked with blackish brown,

_ yellow brown, and grayish white, with a darker middle band edged with
gray; the outer border narrowly edged with black. ‘The primaries have
one or more ocellated sputs submarginally above and below. Often a
suggestion of these on under surface of secondaries. Expands about 2
inches. Labrador.

4, Jutta, Hub. Eur. Schm. f. 614 and 615. Balder 45.

2 Wings above dark brown with dark spots along the border ina
yellowish field, Discal space of primaries almost black. Beneath,

primaries much as above, but with a yellowish shade, and hoary at apex;
secondaries marbled with brown black and gray, the inner half lightest,
and this edged with gray outwardly. Black spots repeated in yellow
field, but somewhat more indistinct. Expands 2—2.25 inches. Maine,
Labrador.

110 BULLETIN: BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. December 1884.)

Var. a. Balderi, Hub. Zutr. 981—982. Balder, Bois.

Smaller and less ocellated than /uéfa.

5, Uhleri, Reak. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. VI, 143.

Wings ahove reddish brown, the secondaries somewhat the paler.
Primaries along costa, on the veins, and along outer margin dull brown;
secondaries crossed by many dull slightly russet brown striz loosely
forming a basal, median, extra median and marginal band. ‘These
formed by markings below showing through, Beneath, primaries white ~
anteriorly striated with black, pale russet posteriorly; secondaries white,
striated with black as shown above. All wings marked more or less
with ocelli, generally one to three, these being more distinct beneath.
Expands about 2 inches. Rocky Mts.

Var. a° Varuna, W. H. Edw. Can. Ent. 14, 2.
Smaller, generally a shade redder above, more ocellated. Montana.
6, Chryxus, Doub. Hew. Gen. Diur. Lep. I, 383, pl. 64. Calais, Scud.

Wings above ochrey yellow, the primaries often clouded from base
to median space with brown, which generally takes the form ofa broad
diffuse dash, back of and at end of discal space. Costa and outer mar—
gins of both wings dark brown. Markings below often showing through
all wings. Beneath, primaries white, striated with black along costa;
blackish along margin; dark buff posteriorly. Secondaries white,
heavily marbled and striated with black, showing more or less distinctly
a broad median band black within edge, white outwardly. One or more
ocelli submarginally on each wing, generally three on primaries, and one
on secondaries, all repeated below, Female paler. without basal cloud-
ing on primaries. Expands 2—2.50 inches, Colorado, Rocky Mts.

7, Ivallda, Mead. Can. Ent. 10, 196.

Very much in markings as Chryxus, but with the upper surface
fuscous instead of fulvous; there is a submarginal row of gray ochraceous
spots between the nervures. Ocelli as in Chryxus. Expands 2.25 inch,
Sierras between Nevada and Cal.

It is with extreme hesitation I write this as a species, inasmuch as
its variation from Chryxus is only in coloration: a very frail basis for spe-
cific distinction. But where taken, it is entirely uniform in color, and
this color has not been found, so far as I know, where specimens of
Chryxus have been taken. It is a near offshoot from Caryxws, but may
stand with specific rank until intergrades are found.

8. Nevadensis, Bois. Mss. Felder, Reise Nov. Lep. p. 489. Californica, Bois.
TIduna, W. H. Edw.

[December 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 111

Wings above fulvous ochreous; costal margin, base, and outer
margin brown, Also on malesa broad dash of brown posterior to discal
space, outwardly including it in part, sometimes entirely and blending
with costal margin. Secondaries somewhat paler than primaries, as are
all the wings of the female. Beneath, primaries somewhat paler than
above, somewhat striated with black along costa, hoary and marbled at
apex; brown marginally. Secondaries, heavily striated and marbled with
black on a dull white ground, these, as is usual, forming a broad more
or less definite median band; darker towards margin.. The primaries
are more produced in the males than in the females, and the costa is less
arched. ‘This is however a tendency of the genus, Ocelli variable, the
one near apex of primaries, and near anal angle of secondaries more
permanent, the former, as far as I know, always present. Expands about
2.50 inches. Cal., Nevada, and Northward.

Var. a. gigas, Butler, Cat. Sat. Brit. Mus. p. 161, pl. 2.

Differs in having the ocelli of the primaries when present, not ina
straight line. Vancouvers I.

I have given this species conscientious study, and hee tried to con-
vince myself that there are here 4 species or anything more than one
and one variety. But I can not believe we have to do with more than
one species and am not fully convinced of the validity of gigas as a
variety. The yarious names have been based upon markings which are
notably variable in all species of the genus. Mr, Butler’s words with

regard to Coenonympha; have more appropriateness spoken with regard to
Chionobas: ‘‘the form of the local bands, and the constancy of the aol
can not be relied on”

In the pre ommtion of this paper I have followed Staudingers arrange-
ment of the species. The writings of Moéschler and Scudder have not
been overlooked; but I cannot agree with their conclusions,

For the generic characters of Chzonobas and Coenonympha we refer to
the synopsis of genera in Vol. VI.

te
A new insect injurious to Wheat.
By C, V. RILEy.
The following description was presented to the Washington Entomo-
logical Society at its monthly meeting, Nov. 6th. The description is
comparative with J. /rzfic:, Riley, with which it is nearest allied.

Tsosoma grandis, n. sp. .
Female.—Length of body 4.2 mm., expanse 7.6 mm. Antennz rather more slender

112 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC, VOL. VIL. December 1884. I

and less clavate than in ¢ritici and but halfthe lenzth of thorax. Thorax with the meso-
notum slightly more rugulose; wings larger and less hyaline than in the winged speci-
mens of tritici, the veins extending to outer third, the submarginal nearly 4 times as
long as marginal; legs with the femora less swollen. Abdomen not so long as thorax,
stouter than in triciti, ovate-acuminate, approaching typical Huryioma. Less hairy
than tritici, especially about legs, the hairs of abdomen being less numerous, less reg—
ular and shorter. Coloration similar to that of tritici, but brighter and more highly
contrasting, the pronotal spot larger and brighter yellow, the pedicel of antennze yellow
and the femora with a definitely limited suboval, yellowish spot below, near the tip,
extending two-fifths the length of femur on front pair, smaller on middle pair and still
shorter and less definite on posterior pait.

Larvu. —Greenish-yellow in color. Average length 6 mm; otherwise of same
proportions and structure as in tritici.

Pupa.—Average length 5 mm. Except in larger size and ample wing—pads un—
distinguishable from that of tritici.

Described from 24 females, reared from wheat stems in June, and
taken by Mr. F. M. Webster at Lafayette, Indiana. The species is
treated of in my forthcoming report as U. S, Entomologist and
works in wheat much as /rzficz does, Its larger size, stouter build, aside
from the other characters mentioned readily distinguish it, however;
while from horde: Harris, vitis Saunders, and e/ymz French, it is still more
readily distinguished.

ee

SYNOPSES OF COLEOPTERA.
CALLIDIUM, 7.

Contains species resembling Phymatodes in general form and speci-
ally characterised by the equal palpi. ‘The species may be separated as

follows: f
Thorax and elytra blue.
Mhorax finely punched? impressed] s-)a.er sees) | ne eeneenetn antennatus.
Thorax deeply punctured, not impressed......... foldiersl:; slo tiie janthinum.

Thorax and elytra testaceous or yellow.
Body testaceous.

Elytra with raised glabrous lines........ .. Aloe css 2 ok ee Cicatricosum.
Elytra and thorax unicolorous, testaceous....~-..+-+++....-+--++e++--- aereum.
Body black, thorax yellow, ely tra. variables ieee cso. oo tenes hirtellum,
Body, thorax ana-elytra black... Joo. soy eens <a Bede ae vile,

C. antennatum, Newn. Ent. Mag. V, 1838, p. 393; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2. II, p. 34.

The entire insect is blue; elytra deeply punctured; thorax ‘slightly
atulaceous and variably impressed, and in g\ wider than the elytra.
The antennz are longer than the body and thickened at the base, each
joint in Qf clubbed at outer end. The club of femora is larger in of
than Q. Length .55 inch. = 14 mm. Hab. United States.

[December 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 1138

C. janthinum, Lec.J.A.P. ser. 2, II, p. 34; Dej. Cat. 3d ed. p. 355.

This species is generally smaller than preceding, violet or blackish
blue, beneath almost black, and the elytra are wider than thorax. ‘The
antennee are quite stout, tapering toward tip and are serrate. Length .40
to .52 inch, = 10—13 mm. _ Hab. Texas.

C. cicatricosum, Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1853, III, p. 246.

The thorax is marked by three longitudinal raised lines and is
densely pubescent; the elytra are thickly coated with conspicuous hair,
except where the surface is interrupted by raised glabrous lines which
cross each other and present the appearance of net work. Length .50
inch, =12.5mm. Hab. Colorado.

C. aereum, Newn. Ent. Mag. V, 1838, p. 393; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, II, 1850, p.
33; pallipes Hald. Trans. Am. Phil. X, 1847, p. 37.

This species varies considerably in size and but little in other re—
spects. [he uniform testaceous color renders it readily distinguishable,
Length .34—. 50 inch. =8.5-—to 12.5 mm. Hab, Atlantic States.

C. hirtellum, Lec. S.M.C. No. 264, XI, 1873, p. 172.

The elytra are sometimes barely tipped with black and sometimes
completely dark in color. ‘The thorax is always distinctly yellow and the
abdomen black. Length .25—.28 inch. = 6—7 mm. Hab, Colorado,
California. 4 Pas.

C. vile, Lec. S.M.C 1873, No. 264, XI, p. 172...

Readily known by the small size, black color, and coarse sculpture.

Length .18 inch. = 4.5 mm. Hab. California.

XYLOCRIUS, Ze.

This genus presents another remarkable form. The antenne are
very stout, quite hairy, the thorax very convex and rounded at the sides,
the elytra constricted behind the base and strongly rounded at tip and
the entire surface deeply punctured and pubescent. Two species have
been distinguished;

More slender, elytral punctures before middle gross, somewhat confluent, surface

shining; behind middle finer, surface opaque .... ...... ....... Agassizil.
More robust, surface all shining, punctures large, foveate, irregular, more or less con-
1ARGKETINE 9 DOS eons ORS 0S 2) Ol ona el ca rE cribratus.

X. Agassizii, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1861, p. 357.
The hair behind the middle of elytra is more dense, and 3d and 4th

joints of antennze about equal. Length .45 inch, =12mm. Habitat,
California.

114 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. December 1884. ]

X. cribratus, Lec. S.M.C. 1873, No, 264, XI, p. 172.
Pubescence equal throughout; 3d joint antennz one-half longer
than 4th. Length .55 inch. =15 mm. Hab. California, Nevada.

CERAMBYCOIDES. .

Eyes coarsely granulated, front coxal cavities open behind (except in Compsa),.......

Cerambycini.

Eyes variable, front coxal cavities angulated, closed behind................. Obriini.
Hyes finely granulated.

Scutellum rounded, tibial spurs small, elytra not sinuate...................- Sule

Scutellum acutely triangular, elytra not sinuate..................:.--..------ 9.

Scutellum rounded, or broadly triangular (Cyllene), tibial spurs large, thorax never

tuberculated, nor spinose; elytra not sinuate...................... VetOn

Scutellum broadly rounded, thorax not tuberculate, nor spinose; sides of elytra

deeply sinuate near the humeri SEE ea as 83% oa ac oF

1. Legs long, slender, thighs pedunculated and suddenly clavate, front coxal cavities
open behind,

ANGETMIED WAU DOMAROOS HYAIOMs ago s ococcssbockandacocuudcadn: Ancylocerini,
Antennze without poriferous system. ............-.00- cece ee eee Rhopalophorini.
Legs slender, thighs not pedunculated, nor clavate, front coxal cavities open behind.
FVOItRGox ce yO War edie se a) sje eaacedews: sn sack ee pa eneres seucvole. oy lees Rae Paristemiini,
Honticoxcetiansverse, Cavities;anonilatedine sss yee seem see else ...Rosaliini.
2. Front coxal cavities closed behind........2..-...+2--2.2.+ee0e04 Callichromini,
Rion! Goal GawluGs Cel gol) Teaee sos rose cogs sues soso: Hes Traohyderini,
23s AI PLIES Gz RGILAN SIGN) ane Mate eu ea Serene AEC UREN Stenosphenini.
WMibizemmotieaninated se ey soo isleci Sa. \uAtdeee Penton eek er Clytini.
4. Prothorax rounded, never as wide as elytra at humeri,...... ...... Agallissini.
CERAMBYCINI.
Thighs not toothed behind.
Ligula more or less corneous, (Oemes)......-......+.--- oc eee elt a,
Ligula membraneous. :
Middle coxa) cavities angulated, ( Cerambyet)...............-2e eee eee De
Middle coxal cavities rounded, (Ibidiones)..................... a tae a 3:

‘Thighs beneath armed with a broad tooth, (Curii).................-2..-..
1. Epimera of mesothorax large.
Front trochantins very distinct.
Palpi very unequal, dilated.
Prosternum laminiform, antennz rough with elevated points, mesosternum very

narrow.
Erothoralobedsat base... .\: aa jane eee snea cele yee Malacopterus.
Prothorax/consinictedwatgbase sea en Ee eae eee Oeme.

Prosternum not laminiform, antennze very hairy beneath, joints 3—6 with a
terminal spine.

Bodyawarfonmbyspubescent:.. ...d., aeeasaneee ees: £74. Ge eee Eucrossus.

Body with transverse bands of yellow pubescence............. -. _Dryobius.

[December 1884. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 115

Palpi short, equal, slender.
Front coxee contiguous, hardly prominent, middle coxee distant...... Haplidus.

IP ROVE (SFOS OENMIATINIS NOW ATM So Gao gee sab usc >>04sccooos ge eee pues Joe Achryson.
pumeraotmesothoraxtsmmall. 05). ...4:\-40 1S eR ROR IS 9 eaevcis) sheralegansvcoe oie rare Gracilia.
2. Antennze I1-jointed, with recurved hooks on joints 3—6 (prothorax plicate, armed,

IDISPIMOSE)) AEM Eee 2s ce hese: ve aceos < & caste ER ERR Ret ouarel erik dese Hammaticherus.
Amieming® TAF oOmnieE|, SMICAOUS, KORN. 25 45.60 bescse oesvesoueusaades Axestinus.
Antenne I1-jointed, without recurved hooks.

Front coxal cavities angulated; antennze, thighs and elytra not spinose.......... 5.

iHront coxall cavitiessrounded or feebly angulatede ec... 40 3.2... 225 eee ee dee 6.
5. Frontal suture deep; metathorax without scent pores.

lZothoraxsuneven, tubenculate at sides... J) queen ase sees. ae -Brothylus.

iOtlonaxevenk (Palpiceguall) poh fa. s-a-c..<.2\ 4 ee eNmabeer Nyse iol cs. _.. Stromatium.
Frontal suture faint, scent pores distinct.

Elongate, prothorax even, antennze very long....... .................. Osmidus.
6. Scutellum acute, triangular, frontal suture very deep, antennze very long, sulcate

Chion.

Scutellum rounded behind.
Femora not strongly clubbed, antennze not carinated.
Elytra with ivory spots, prothorax with dorsal callosities, and usually with lateral
Govinesy ANS nae SINAC Leen G ay soo ce nob eo OoIoCNee ae aoa Bburia.
Elytra without ivory spots, antennze usually spinose.
Episterna of metathorax narrower behind, antennze with sensitive spaces..... .

Romaleum
Episterna of metathorax parallel, antennze without sensitive spaces Elaphidion.

Femora not strongly clubbed, antennze carinated.

PATIUMMM CHS LETC Cia e eee sieves << Meeneene «nc cents RMP et Te ee ae icon uae e's Aneflus.
ATItenies Stout njomts!excavateds beneath wamPmme enemies cis. 2 uals Eustroma,
Femora strongly clubbed.
PMitenmses DISWl Cates... «2cleverasjecs cee. cies See evare rer elreelars ae . Tylonotus.
Aras TTES NOE SUNCNTS, Sena MEA Gee Gh - > cocci s Oa eeeto Une Zamodes.
Bap wrontacoxalucavittes:closed behing )..\.vae)) eee ae sees a eee Compsa.
Hiconimcoxalhcavinesjapen) belind) s. \.- jee eee eerie seeea a. S Heterachthes.
Zeelionnudepresseds, dulleshiohthapubescent) qaemmtey teres ass sce ee oes Curius.
Hoummcylindiicaluspolisheds la brousy sane meer eee esis oes Plectromerus.

: Ganimus Lec. is a synonym of Malacopierus. Romaleum has been
formerly included with Llaphidion.

MALACOPTERUS, ‘erv.
’ Contains one species:
M. vittatus, Lec. S.M.C. No. 264, 1873, XI, p. 174.

A large testaceous species, sparsely pubescent, thorax and elytra
punctured, the latter bearing two coste and two narrow biack lines.
The mandibles present a singular character, being short, stout, acute at
tip, and the external outline having a well defined obtuse angle near the
tip, so that the front margin is straight and transverse. The legs resemble
those of Calidium. Length .84 inch. = 21mm. Hab. California.

116 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VEL. Decembentnea ay

OEME, Neun.

Goneune four species separated as follows:

Thorax constricted at base, with a distinct tubular or cylindrical prolongation; elytra

more or less distinctly costate.
Thorax densely punctured, a moderately impressed median line............ rigida,
Mhorax puncturedsia smoothemedianigvittame seni see ee eee costata,
Thorax more suddenly constricted; a transverse impression and plica on disk......
strangulata.
Thorax oval, more constricted at base than tip; on tubular prolongation at base;
elytral costee wanting, or the first only faintly indicated .. ......pracilis,

0. rigida, Say, Proc. Ac. Phil. V, p. 274; linearis Harr. Hartf. Trans. 1837,
p. 85, pl, £8; Tec. J.A.P. ser.'2, 11, p.20; indecora Newn. Ent. pics eee:
1852, p. 177; mucita Hald, Proc. Ac.@Phil. IV. 1847, p. 374.

Color uniform ferruginous, antennee very robust. Length .60 inch.
=15mm. Hab. New York, Florida.

0. costata, Lec. S,M.C. No. 264, 1873, p. 174.

Color dark, shghtlv pubescent, the elytra are wider than the thorax,
with three narrow lines or costze, the spaces between sparsely reticulate.
‘The male has the antennz as long asthe body, joints 3—6 armed with
acute spines. Length .go inch, =22mm. Hab, California.

0. strangulata, Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 8, p. 133, pl. II, f. 7.

Piceous, subopaque, pubescence very short. Elytra densely and
finely punctured, with three elevated lines on each. The thorax is very
suddenly constricted, short, bears a transverse impression and plica
and readily distinguishes the species. Length .76 inch. =.19 mm.,
Hab. Utah.

0. eracilis, Lec. Bull. Buff. Soc. N.S. 4, p. 27.

Easily distinguished from all the other species by the form of the
thorax... Golor is deep dark brown. Length .48 inch. = 12 mm.
Hab. New York.

EUCROSSUS, l«.
Contains one species:
EB. villicornis, Lec. S.M.C. No. 264, 1873, XI, p. 175.
A large pale brown insect resembling Oeme but less serdle Thorax

dull sericeous, with a broad median line and on each side a large cica-
trix, commencing near the base, extending in front ofthe middle, then
suddenly bent inwards for a short distance, and then turning forward
suddenly abbreviated. Elytra sparsely punctured and thinly pubescent,
armed at suture with small spine. Antennz densely fringed beneath
with long soft hair, becoming thinner and vanishing on 8th joint. Length
.72—.96 inch. = 18—24 mm. Hab. Arizona, California.

| January 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 117

DRYOBIUS, /<c.

Contains one species:

D. sexfasciatus, Say, Proc. Ac. III, 1824, p. 415.

A rare and beautiful insect easily recognized by the conspicuous
bands of golden yellow pubescence, of which the thorax bears two and
the elytra four, all except the anterior reaching from margin to suture.
The hair on antennz is very long. Length .75 to 1.10 inch. = 19—27.5
mm. Hab. Mississippi Valley.

HAPLIDUS, Ze.

Contains one species:
H. testaceus, Lec. $.M.U., No. 264, 1873, XI. p. 176.

A slender brownish insect easily known by the short slender palpi,
and by the eyes being less deeply emarginate than in the other genera
of the group, and scarcely embracing the base of the antennz, . which
are inserted on a line with their front margin. Length .36—.56 inch.
=g—14.mm. Hab. California, Utah. .

ACHRYSON, ‘.

Slender, subcylindrical species, with slightly dilated palpi. “Two
are known, distinguished as follows:

SYNOPSIS OF ACHRYSON.

Mesosternum wider, truncate at tip; elytra armed with terminal spine ..... surinam,
Mesosternum narrow, subtriangular; elytra rounded at tip................ concolor,

A, surinam, Linn. Syst. nat. ed. XI, p. 632; longicolle Deg. Mem. V, p. 117,
t. 14, f. 11; pallens, Fab. Ent. Syst. 1, 2, p. 297; surinumense Oliv. Ent. IV, 67, p.
42, t. 14, f. 93; Chev. Ann, Fr. 1862, p. 264°
Color ferruginous, elytra with a few oblong black points; antennz
darker, a little longer than the body; eyes black; thorax rounded.
Length .65 inch = 16 mm. Hab. Middle States to Mexico.
A. concolor, Lec. S.M.C., No. 264, 1873, XI, p. 176.

Same form as preceding but smaller; uniform brownish testaceous,
thinly clothed with long pale hairs; the head and thorax are coarsely
punctured, the latter not deeply but so closely as to produce a reticulate
appearance, and in the center of each puncture is a small puncture from
which proceeds a long white hair. ‘The elytra are paler, polished, with
rows of very distant large punctures, from which proceed long flying °
hairs. Length .34 inch. = 8.5 mm. Hab. Texas.

118 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. January 1885. }

CRACILIA, “rv.

Very small slender insects, piceous in color, and finely punctured
and pubescent. .
SYNOPSIS OF GRAUCILIA.

Elytra unicolorous, rounded at tip.

Not shorter than abdomen................-. ie REO Cee Ea ea Bs minuta.
Shorter than abdomen; prothorax more rounded.........--..-.-+..+.-5. manca.
Elytra fasciate, truncate and serrate at (OO: 5/2 aes Mea REL CsetG iG 0 0° fasciata.

G. minuta, Fab. Spec. Ins. I, 1681, p. 235; Oliv. Ent. IV, 68, p. 41, t. 3, f. 315
pygmeea Fab. Ent. Syst. I, 2, p. 323; &c. &c.; fusea Hald. Trans. Am. Phil. X,
1847, p. 43; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, H, 1850, p. 24.

This species has been introduced in articles of commerce from
Europe. It is piceousin color, finely pubescent. ‘The antennz are
hairy, in G' longer, in Y shorter than the body. Length 25 inch. =
6mm _ Hab. Atlantic States.

G. manca, Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2, Il, p. 24,

This rare species is immediately distinguished by the sioreree™
elytra and by the thorax which is shorter. Length .32 inch. = 8 mm.
Hab. New York. see

G. fasciata, Lec. S.M.C., No.. 264, 1873, Xl, p. 171.

Opaque black, pubescent, thorax alutaceous sparsely punctured;
elytra more strongly punctured with the basal margin and a transverse
fascia immediately behind the middle of white pubescence. Tip of
élytra distinctly truncate with 3 or 4 serrations, the sutural and outer
one prominent. Length .18 inch. = 4.5 mm. Hab. Lower California,

HAMMATICHERUS, “ev.

Contains one species, easily distinguished by the plicate, armed
thorax, and bispinose elytra. It occurs rarely in Lower California.
H. mexicanus, Thoms. Class. Longic. 1860, p. 196.

AXESTINUS, Ze.

Contains one species:

A. obscurus, Lec. 5.M.C., No. 264, 1873, XI, p. 177.

A large piceous insect with cinereous pubescence. Thorax longer
than wide, narrowed in front with two discoidal impressions before the
middle, sparsely coarsely punctured with feeble transverse rugae. Elytra
densely punctured, bispinose at tip. Legs slender, thighs not clavate

[January 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 119

or spinose, tibiz slender, hind tarsi with 1st joint scarcely as long as
two following. Length 1.20 inch. = 30 mm. Hab. Valley of Rio Grande.

BROTHYLUS, Ze.

Contains two species distinguished as follows:

Thorax armed with an acute tubercle at middle. ........ 2. eee eee gemmulatus.
Hitoraeictubercle Obsolete. so 8..u... s So MORM e Seg le oe elas conspersus,

B. gemmulatus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 80.
olor fuscopiceous with short pubescence. ‘The elytra are orna-
mented with scattered shining granules, larger at base and becoming
smaller toward tip where they are only punctures. Length .67 inch. =
mame tab. Cale
B. conspersus, Lec. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1850, p. 285.

Color nigropiceous, variegated with grayish hair. The dorsal aspect
of thorax is tuberculate and the 4th joint of antenne only one half as
long as 3d or 5th in this and preceding species. The elytra are granul-
ate as in preceding and bear two vague oblique fasciz less pubescent.
Length .73—77 inch. = 18—1g mm. _ Hab. Oregon.

OSMIDUS, lec.

Contains one species.

0. guttatus, Lec. S.M.C., No. 264, 1873, XI, p. 178.

An elongate piceous species, densely covered with short uniform
cinereous pubescence, interrupted on the elytra with small scattered de-
nuded spots. Prothorax oval with two basal and two discoidal impres-
sions very faintly marked. Scutellum triangular, rounded behind. Legs
rather long, thighs stout, not clubbed, Ist joint of hind tarsi as long as
tyo following. Elytra parallel, rounded at tip and with a small spine
near, but not on the suture, Length ,.7o—.96 inch. = 17—19 mm.
Hab. Cape San Lucas.

STROMATIUM, “rv.

Contains one species: |
§. pubescens, Hald, (Anopliuwm) ‘rans. Am, Phil. X., p. 34; Lec. J.A.P. ser. 2,
II, 1850, p. 16.
’ Pale yellowish brown; elytra robust subcylindrical, nearly parallel,
entire at tip, uniformly pubescent; antennee, elytra and feet unarmed.
Length .58 inch. = 14.5 inch. Hab. Pennsylvania.

120 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL January 1885.

—

Spilosoma latipennis, Séreich.
By Gro. D. Hutst.

June 7th this year captured a Q of the above species, from which
eggs were obtained the same night. They differed from those of S. wir-
ginica in being of a dull white color.

The larva emerged June 13th. The body was white and very trans-
lucent, and loosely covered with long white hairs slightly sooty at the
end. ‘This with a greenish shading to. the body, and an increasing sour-
iness to the hair remained till they reached the 4th moult.

After the 4th moult there was besides the dark shading, something
of a red shading added to the long silky hairs giving a dirty reddish gray
appearance.

After the 5th moult the larva was of uniform reddish brown color.
The depth of color however varied in the different larvee.

A year or two ago I raised a larva through the 4th moult, which re-
mained pure white in color all through its history to that time. When
full grown, the larva resemble very much the red brown larve of
S. virginica.

The eggs were laid June 7th—8th; the larvae emerged June 13th:
Ist moult June 17th; 2nd moult June. 20th; 3rd moult June 23rd; 4th
moult June 26th; 5th moult July 1st. The larve began to form cocoon,
which was after the fashion of its allies, July 8th. Mi

I left for another part of the state at that time and by misfortune did
not have a single one emerge.

Eggs were given to Mr. A, W. P, Cramer who also failed to raise
them to maturity.

Note on Dynastes.
By J Dont.

Riding through “Hell’s canun” in Colorado, J had the misfortune
to break the stick used to urge upon my steed the necessity of motion—
his motto seemed to be—no whip. no go. A-substiture was absolutely
necessary, and noticing a clump’of mountain ash near a dry watercourse _
I dismounted, and cut a switch: looking about from force of habit, I.
noticed a large irregular dark clump near the tip of some branches; in-
vestigation revealed a Dynasfes unlike any species that I have ever seen;
further search resulted in the capture of a considerable number of other

Sa ae

[January 1885. | BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 121

specimens, and I afterward captured over 100, some of them fully four
inches in length.

Prior to that time I had carefully searched for insects of this descrip-
tion without success; but now knowing their habits I found them or
traces of their presence everywhere that the mountain ash was found.
They are always found near the tips of branches, where by means of
their projecting thoracic horn they scrape through the soft bark to cause
a flow of sap which is very sweet, and of this consists their food. When
discovered they were largely zz copulo and a few days afterward though I
found traces of their presence everywhere in the shape of scraped ash
branches, yet not another beetle did I see.

This shows that the peculiarly modified thorax is not entirely with-
out value to the insect. Unfortunately my entire collection of Coleoptera,
the result of several months careful collecting was stolen on my way
home, and I cannot therefore give the specific name of the insect, which
however was probably new.

=> +

Notes on some Staphylinidae.
By Grorce H. Horn, M. D,

Having had occasion to examine a series of Hdaphus, having at
hand the two types of Z. mztdus Lec., the following result has been ob-
tained. Of the two types one has two basal fovese on one side and three
on the other: is there the well marked median basal carina. ‘The side
on which there are but two foveze is made so very evidently by the fusion
ef two of the fovee. The second specimen and the one having the label
is on each side trifoveate. The sutural stria of the elytra is fine but dist-
inct. To this species cavzmatus Casey should be added as a synonym.

A certain number of specimens are irregularly foveate and I have

‘seen one in which there were five foveze, the three regular ones in a row
and two nearly as large in front placed intermediately with the others,

On the other hand the transverse impression of the base of the
thorax, in which the foveze are situated becomes by degrees gradually less
deep and the fovez gradually smaller so that we notice a gradual dis-
appearance of the carina which separates the two central fovez and
finally nearly an entire obliteration of it. Without intending to suggest
the suppression of the species (/ucw/entus Casey) founded principally on
the obliteration of the median carina, I merely give my observation for

the consideration of those who have still more material for study.

122 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VU. January 1885.

The carina at the base of the abdomen above is not on the ‘“‘first
segment” but on the first segment visibie beyond the elytra. |

Trogophloeus latwollis Lec. At first glance this species has the
facies of an Oxytelus as remarked by Dr. Leconte, The type specimen
(and unique)-was obtained from the cabinet of the late Dr. Zimmerman,
whose collection was made up of miscellaneous material from all parts
of the world. .

In examining the specimen I find the anterior tibiz finely spinulose
and the middle coxz contiguous. It seems therefore to be Haploderus
as originally described by Leconte and appears to be from Erichson’s
description and Duval’s figure, uncomfortably close to Z. caelatus of
Europe. In any case the species is nota Zrogophiocus.

+ i + ae —

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

THE FUTURE OF ‘ ‘PSYCHE’.

To the Editor of the Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

Dear Sir. i
In your issue for October 1884, vol. 7, p. 87 is a statement

which misrepresents me and the position of Psyche, which I wish to
correct, premising that I have no doubt the statement was made in good
faith, and the misrepresentation unintentional.

You say ‘‘‘Psyche’ has a hard struggle for existence, but will not
suspend just yet.”

If Psyche ever suspends, it will not be because it has been worsted
in the struggle for existence. It was never in better condition than this
year, and I so stated at the meeting The phrase ‘‘just yet” implies a
contemplation of ultimate suspension, which is not and was not in my
mind. The “struggle for existence” which you mention is a voluntary
struggle. I could dispense with any public solicitation of support, as
some of my colleagues have urged me to do, but I choose to distribute
the support as widely as possible, that the entomologists of North
America may look upon the work as theirs rather than the property of
any restricted group of persons. Support, aside from’ subscriptions, has
been contributed already by sixty persons, from seventeen States.

I made the proposition for a consolidation of entomological period -
icals not entirely of my own initiative, was chairman of the committee
which reported against it, and did not oppose the report, as my proposi-

[January 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN EBNTOM. SOC. VOL. VI). 123

tion was intended to afford an opportunity to others to profit by it, and
not for any purposes of my own,
Respectfully,
B. Pickman Mann,

Washington, D. C., Nov. 24, 1884. Managing Editor of “Psyche”.

Note by Editor. The sentence quoted by Mr. Mann from p. 87, in my original
_ minutes, adopted by the Club, in Mr. Mann’s presence, reads: ‘:‘Psyche’ has a hard
struggle but will not suspend just yet.’’ The words. ‘for existence’ do not appear in
the original. Mr. Mann’s language as written implies as he suggests: the remark as
spoken, indicated that there was no present intention of suspending.

RHYSSA.
Dear Sir: ;
A cf a * While I am writing let me say
that I made some remarks at the last meeting of the Washington Ento-
mological Society regarding the discussion as to the phytophagous habit
of Rhyssa lunator by Mr. Geo. Gade on p, 204 of the November Bulle-
_ tin. ‘There is nothing better established by previous observers than the
parasitism of Rhyssa, and I have myself proved it many years ago and
_ have found its larva actually preying on that of Zremex. ‘That false
statements have been made by previous writers in reference to it is true,
since the Rhyssa does not sting the Tremex larva as _ is generally stated.
- The Rhyssa larva seeks its victim and lives attached to it on the outside,
Prof. Lintner has recently published the facts as communicated to him
by me in the Country Gentlemen for April 17th, 1884, as follows:

“T have on several occasions had opportunity of closely studying not
only the mode of oviposition, but of larval growth of Rhyssa. My
_ Sketches and notes are at home (written from Boscawen, N.H ) but the
_ salient facts bearing on your question, I can give from memory. In all
instances where I have found the female depositing, it has been in trees
‘infested with Z+emex columba, and I haye found her most numerous on
badly affected or injured trees, or even on stumps or broken trunks, al-
ready partly decayed. The instinct to reach the egg or larva of Zremex,
so dwelt upon in popular accounts, is imaginary. She bores directly
through the outer part of the tree, and doubtless probes for a burrow;
but her egg is consigned anywhere in the burrow; the young larva seeks
it prey, and lives and developes without penetrating the body of its
victim, but fastened to the exterior. This habit among parasites is much
more common than is generally supposed A great many Rhyssa larve
doubtless perish without finding food, and a great many females die in
_ probing for a burrow, especially where they saw through wood that is
sound and hard”, oe €s Ve Riney

124 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. January 1885. ]

Dear Sir:

Under the head of ‘‘Society News” in the last number of your
Journal, Messrs. Gade, Hulst and Weeks give their views concerning the
habits of thisinsect [AAyssa}. An article furnished by me relating to this
subject appeared in the ‘‘Canadian Entomologist” for December 1882,
as contributing to the theory that this insect is not a parasite, and my
observations concerning its habits have led me to hold views in agree- -
ment with the gentlemen named. The article appeared under the
caption ‘‘Long stings’ and an extract is as follows.

“My experience has demonstrated that while it may be a fact that
these insects deposit their ova on the larvee of the Uroceridae or other
borers, they do not commonly do so. In every case that came under
my observation, the long ovipositor, instead of penetrating through the
burrow of a Zremex or other wood-borer, entered through wood that had
not been previously attacked, and though [ failed to discover the egg
deposited, Iam very much of the opinion that the deposition is often-
times, if not generally made regardless of the contact with a larva. My
observations were necessarily confined to such visitations from these in—
sects as were made to asumewhat decayed stump of a beech tree, for
though there were a number of oaks and other trees close by, their choice
was for the beech, to which both species were constantly arriving and in-
serting their long ovipositors. At the close of each day I cut off, to the
depth of six inches, such portions of the stump as had been attacked,
but failed to detect in any of the cuttings either the burrow or larva of
_Tremex or other larva. I also noticed that the wood as exposed by such
clippings as I had made, attracted the greatest number of these insects,
I regard it therefor a matter of considerable doubt if either the afraza or
lunator commonly deposit their ova in the body of wood boring larvee,
and it seems to me that if these ichneumon larve are carnivorous, they
must possess the power of boring in search for their food. I do not
suppose that these insects perform the great labor of inserting their long
ovipositors upon the merest chance of meeting with a larva, but rather
that they deposit their eggs at every insertion, my observations abundant
ly proving that they are not governed by any instinct in the selection of
particular spots, so far as regards the presence of larvae.

FREDERICK CLARKSON.

Norr.—The foregoing letters of Prof. Riley and Mr. Clarkson were
read at the November Meeting of the Society and provoked much dis
cussion. None of the members had ever observed the matters mentioned

ae

[January 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN FNTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 125

by Prof. Riley and on the contrary Mr. Gade is positive that many of
the logs frequented by the RAyssa are not infested by Zremex or other
woodboring larva; further Zremex is‘rare, and Rhyssa very common.
The chief object of the paper read by him was to call attention to the
structure of the ovipositor; the reference to habit was made as an in-
ference from observations purely of a negative nature and was given
prominence by the agreement of the experiences of the members present.
Positive evidence such as that furnished by Prof. Riley of course overba-
lances all negi/ive observations. Still it would seem that a vast lot of un-
necessary boring is done by Réyssa, that the great majority ofall eggs
laid must perish, and that nature has dealt hardly with it in the way of
instinct which in some other species in the same order is so wonderfully
developed. Further observation will be made next season. iabaS:

* *

x

Mr. Chas. Fuchs writes from San Francisco: ‘I am pleased as a
child at the beginning of the collecting season here. ‘The locality is said
to be excellent. In San Matteo, Co., Roswlix funebris is found, as well
as other pretty species. In Marin Co., one hours ride from here, I found
a magnificient specimen of 4217 9; a beauty, two inches in length.
Amphicoma Lalso found. I shall especially devote myself to collecting
Comontis which are common on the hills near the City. 1 am observing
the larva of Platyerus oregonensis and hope to have some interesting
notes for you in the course of the next few months.”

It is a comfort to receive such a letter, even though it excite a mild
sort of envy at our inability to take part in similar excursions and cap=
tures.

Mr. Ricksecker also writes from California. “Though it is Decem-
ber with us as well as with you, yet the more common sorts of butterflies
are abundant, and we have had no frosts to amount to anything.”

Mr. Henshaw sends good news for Coleopterists. He is preparing .
for the printer a new check list of N. A. Coleoptera and hopes soon to
have it ready. Mr. Henshaw has been long at work upon a catalogue
which is also fast nearing completion. Both works are sadly needed and
Mr. Henshaw will earn the everlasting gratitude of Coleopterists if he
will but let them have the books soon.

From Texas we received a considerable number of.a large Lycus
which Dr. Horn says is L. Fernandezi described from Mexico. The in-
sect is an exaggeration of crwenfus, and forms a notable addition to our
fauna.

126 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL January 1885.

Mrs. C. H. Fernald sends with a label N. H. an insect doubt
fully marked Xylna ¢epida, var Comparison with European material
proves it to be Xylina igrica, H. Sch. ‘The species must be added to
our fauna if the locality is correct.

*

Dr. S. W. Williston of New Haven sends for publication a classifi—
cation of the Syrphidae and writes: “I have had so many requests for in-
formation in regard to classification of Diptera that I have concluded to
devote all my study the coming year to the preparation of synopses of
the different families, excluding the family Jfuscidae in its widest
sense.”

This is good news and will, we hope, create an interest in this neg—
lected order there are a few other neglected orders, and if some
of the few gentlemen engaged in their study would follow Dr.
Williston’s example and send us papers on family andgeneric classi-
fication some of the amateurs, who now turn to Coleoptera and
Lepidoptera because they can learn nothing of other orders, would
become Dvpierists, Orthoplerisis or Hymenoplerists Prof. Osborn has
promised us a classification of Hemzptera, and Mr. Bruner one of Or—
thoptera. We shall try and stir up an yas \europt.rists, and
if possibie a student of the Arz hnidaz.

* k
*

The Bulletin is a little late this month, but that is the printer’s fault
He says: Christmas and New Year come but once a year, while the Bul-
letin comes once a month. All sorts of concert programmes, cards, &c
were shoved ahead of the ‘‘Bulletin’, after it was half in type and partly
printed. Weare sorry it occured, but take this opportunity of wishing
all our readers a very happy New Year.

BOOK NOTICE.

Revision of the STESNINI of America North of Mexico, ‘‘By Thos. L. Casey,
Lieut. of Eng’rs, Member of the Entomological Society of France”, pp. 206 and
1 plate. This paper we have received from the author. In it the Stenini are
carefully studied, and 174 species belonging to our fauna are described, the great
majority new. The descriptions are models of completeness—-perhaps unneces-
sarily complete, because group characteristics are repeated in each description:
the synoptic tables appear clear and Mr. Casey is careful to define the terms

[January 1885. - BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL. 127

used by him. Mr. Casey establishes the genus Areus for those forms in which
the 4th tarsal joint is bilobed; but admits that it is perhaps unnecessary. He
has had at least one predecessor who believed as he did. We quote Motschulsky
(Bull. Mose. 1860, I, p. 556 and 557 : ‘Il me parait juste de séparer les espéces
4 quatriéme article des tarses bilobé comme genre particulier, de ceux qui l’ont
simple et pour lesquelles on peut laisserle nom Stenus, tandisque pour le premi-
eres je proposerais celui de Hemistenus.” Areus therefor isa synonym of Hemi-
sienus Mots. and will probably not be recognized at present by American Co-
leopterists. Asa whole, Mr. Casey’s paper is a notable and desirable addition
to our literature.

Society News.

Nov. 27th. - Twelye members present: Mr. Smith in the chair. Messrs.
Angell and Beutenmuller, proposed at the October meeting were elected mem-
bers of the Society. The proposition of the Ent. Soe. ‘‘Iris” of Diesden for an
exchange of publications was accepted. J etters were read from Prof. Riley and
Mr Clarkson, in ve the habits of Rhyssu, and those letters were discussed and
ordered published.

“A note on Dynastes” by Mr. Doll was read by Mr. Smith, and offered for
publication. Mi Smith read a paper on ‘Species, Varieties and Races” which
was offered for publication. Messrs. Hulst, Leng and Roberts joined in the
discussion of the paper, My. Hulst thinks color in some cases may become a
structural ¢c} avacter, and structural characters— so called may prove less reliable
than color ‘The variation in the venation of the Geometride was cited, and the
presence and absence of spurs on the hind tibia of one of the same species was
referred to. Still in the main he agreed with Mr. Smith’s views. Messrs. Leng
and Roberts favored a name to designate every decided and well distinguishable
form, whether the peculiarity is in coloration or otherwise, they favored a name
/o express a definite idea of a combination of structure and color and when the
variation reached a point at which the combination failed to accord with the
idea expressed by the name, a new name should be given. Their views were to
the point that not only genera, but species were artificial divisions established
to aid recognition of forms, and incapable of being absolutely limited.

Mr. Gade exhibited some specimens of wings bleached by the process sug-
gested by Prof. Marsh for bleaching microscopic sections. i.e. by chlorine gas
generated by hydrochloric acid or chloride of potash and led from the jar
in which it is generated, into another, half filled with water. The result is
excellent; but the time required is much greater than by the ‘“‘Dimmock’’
process.

A proposition was made to change the evening of meetings to Tuesday, as
many inembers were unable to attend on Saturday evening. Mr. Leng was di_
rected to prepare a suitable resolution for the amendment of the by laws and _ it
is desired that members send in thei views concerning such change.

Dec. 29th.—Twenty-one members and visitors present, the President in the
chair. Reports from the Executive and Publications Committee were presented;
and also a notice that a motion for an amendment to the by-laws changing the
night of meeting to the first Tuesday of each month, would be made at the next

128 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. January 1885. }

meeting by Mr. Leng. A committee of five was appointed to secure the incor-
poration of the Society. A further committee of five was appointed to try and
arrange for an combination with ‘‘Papilio” to produce a monthly journal of
general Entomology, to be published by the Society. Both committees to co-
operate in a scheme for the establishment of a permanent fund to support such
journal.

Mr. Richard F. Pearsall of Brooklyn was proposed as a member of the
Society by Mr. Weeks.

Mr. Curley read a paper ‘‘On the differentiation into females, males and
workers, of bees and other hording insects.” Mr. Curley starts from a primitive
solitary bee with a developed hording instinct. He shows how severe labor in
providing for offspring will injuriously affect the reproductive powers, and also
that insufficient nurture in the larva state will result in the greater or less im-
perfection of the same powers. He claims that these organs are the ones first
affected by adverse circumstances, and last tobe developed. From these facts
he supposes a season of want, or other inability ofthe parent adequately to pro-
vide for all her offspring in the larval state. The severe labor of the mother and
inadequate food of the larva would inevitably tend to produce imagines more or
less imperfect, and the reproductive organs, as least essential to the life of the in-
sect would be the first to suffer. In the QO the power of reproduction would be
largely lost, yet, yet the hording instinct would be transmitted; and, unable
themselves to found colonies, these imperfect females cling to their home,
and labor for its common benefit. The result is, that the mother bee largely re-
lieved of the care of providing food is better able to procerate her kind, and the
larvee, better feed, are more fully developed. ‘lhese fully developed insects, of
course themselves found colonies; but in competing with the worker community
are at a disadvantage. Mr. Curley interestingly shows how by accumulation
of experiences, and a transmission of instincts the present community of hive
bees became established. The effect of food on the development of insects was
discussed and the habits of the bees in creating queens from worker larve was
detailed.

Extended discussion followed this paper in referrence to thé effect of lack
of food upon the colors and maculation of insects in general. Myr. Weeks gave
account of a brood of antiopa, which though neglected in every possible way,
still managed to reach the imago state, but were not only very small in size; but
very aberrant in maculation. Especially the band of blue spots within the
yellow marginal band was often absent, and often but faintly indicated, seldom
entirely complete. Mr. Frank cited the effect of food plant upon the colors of
Cecropia, and other members joined in the discussion. Informal discussion and
exhibition of specimens followed until the Society adjourned.

A. C. Wrxxs, Rec. Secy.

Members are hereby notified that at the January 1885 meeting, a proposition
to incorporate the Society will be acted upon. and that a plan to extend the scope
and usefulness of the Society and making non residents eligible to membership
will be discussed. Officers for the ensuing year will also be elected, and mem-
bers are earnestly requested to attend. C. H. Roperts, Corr. Secy.

[February 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 129

On the classification of North American Diptera.
(First paper.)
By Dr. S. W. WIL Liston.

It is proposed here, in order to render the study of the neglected
order of diptera less difficult, to present tabular synopses of the families
and genera, with remarks upon their structure and external characters.
The work involved is necessarily very great, and the families can—
not at present be given in their natural sequence.. The next paper will
shortly be ready, containing a classification of the Xylophagidae and
Stratiomyidae, and some time during the year will follow one giving a
tabular classification of the families, with plates showing the more im-
portant structural characters. The present paper is extracted froma
monograph of the North American Syrphidae, now ready for the
press. Itis the result of a careful study of nearly two hundred and
seventy five species, occurring within our limits. The following figure
will explain sufficiently the terms here used; a discussion of the termino-
logy of the order will accompany the paper on the family classification.

ee lone. Auxilv Cost.v.

TOCOSUAC,

Posten ' ;
Ant.cyoss-vi 6.U.v. '5.lone.v.

Pst. basal. crost-v.

CHARACTERS OF THE FAMILY SYRPHIDAE.

A false longitudinal vein between the third and fourth longitudinal ves ;
fourth longitudinal vein united al its extremity with the third; one sub-
marginal cell, three posterior cells; basal cells large; face without subanten-
nal grooves, two pulvilli.

Head hemispherical, often elongated or produced in the lower part,
as broad or a little broader than the thorax. Face moderately broad, bare,
or clothed with short pile or dust, excavated in profile under the antennze
and projecting below, or with a distinct protuberance near the middle
part: never with longitudinal furrows or lateral ridges, usually convex
transversely, sometimes with a median ridge. Oral opening large; pro-

_ boscis rarely much elongated, usually but little projecting, and, when

130 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VTL. February 1885.]

at rest, concealed within the mouth; palpi one-jointed; labrum, epipha-
rynx, hypopharynx, maxillz and labium present. Front never excavated,
often swollen, sometimes with a more or less elongate process which
bears the antenne. Antennz usually porrect, approximate at their base,
three-jointed, the third joint more especially of varied shape, usually
flattened and with a dorsal bristle, either bare or plumose; very rarely
the third joint is not flattened, and is provided, at the tip with a terminal
style. Eyes large, bare or pilose, in the male usually contiguous between
the base of the antennz and ocelli. Ocelli always present. Thorax
comparatively large and robust, moderately arched above; scutellum
large, hemispherical, often translucent, rarely furnished with spines on
its border. Abdomen composed of five or six visible segments, rarely
with only four. Hypopygium usually not prominent. Shape of the ab-
domen very various; slender, linear, clubbed, short, oval, and all inter-
mediate forms. Legs usually weak, sometimes strong; the hind femora
not infrequently moderately or much thickened, the hind tibiz not rarely
arcuated and compressed, metatarsi rather long, coxe short; the hind
coxze, femora and tibiz, more especially in the male, in not a few species
armed with spurs, protuberances, or spines. Macrochatz rarely present
in any part of the body; the body generally thinly pilose or nearly bare,
but sometimes clothed with thick pile. Wings comparatively large, when
at rest folded together over the abdomen, or half open; third longitudinal
vein never forked, frequently with a more or less deep curvature on the
outer part; marginal cell open or closed, the fourth vein terminates in
the third vein at or before the tip; neither of the intercalary veins present;
anal cell always closed before the border of the wing; small cross—vein
before or beyond the middle of the discal cell; between the third and fourth
longitudinal veins and nearly parallel with them there 1s a false or spurious
vein, nearly always present, and characteristic of the family.

SYNOPTIC TABLE.

A.—Anterior cross-vein of the wings distinctly before the middle of the discal cell,
usually straight and rectangular; third longitudinal vein rarely with a distinct
curvature into the first posterior cell; hind femora usually slender, rarely
thickened.

B.—Third joint of antennze with a terminal style.....................05. Cerinae.

BB.—Antennez with a dorsal bristle.

C.—Marginal cell of the wings open, i.e. the second longitudinal vein terminates
in the costa.
D.—Antennz longer than the head, rather large species........ Microdoninae.
DD.—Antenne as long or shorter than the head.

[February 1885. BULLETIN. BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 131

H.—Abdomen with only four visible segments..... .......... Pipizinae.
- HE.— Abdomen with five or six visible segments.
F,—Face rounded, receding, not tuberculate, pilose............ Pipizinae.

FF.—Face tuberculate, or at least the oral margin in front is not receding
but more or less produced.

G.—Front long, much narrowed above in the female, cheeks narrow,
face considerably narrowed below, abdomen frequently contracted
beyond the base, more or less slender................. Bacchinae.

GG.—Face widest below, or at least but slightly narrowed.
H.—Abdomen in outline linear or oval, never narrowed beyond the
base, that is in outline not club-shaped.
JI.—Color chiefly reddish or lutescent.............. Brachyopinae.
IT.—Color not chiefly reddish or lutescent.
J.—Metallic green, metallic green and black, or black species,
rarely with luteous markings at base of abdomen, humeri
and face; abdomen never with entire shining cross-bands....

Chilosinae.
JJ.—Black or greenish black species with yellow or yellowish

stripes or bands, or at least with entire shining cross-bands

on abdomen.
K.--Face black; abdomen usually slender, with yellow or
greenish yellow interrupted cross-band....Melanostominae.
KK.-—Face partly or wholly yellow; abdominal markings

yellow.
L.—Dorsum of thorax with yellow ‘lateral stripes.......
Xanthogramminae.
IL.—Dorsum of thorax without yellow lateral stripes....
Syrphinae.
HH. —Abdomen contracted beyond the base, in outline more or less
club Sshaped(sismialll speciegeam smaaecretlee sess lea Ascinae.
CC. —Marginal cell of the wing closed and petiolate....... ........ Volucellinae.

AA.—Anterior cross-vein near or beyond the middle of the discal cell, usually oblique,
the hind femora frequently thickened.
M.—Antennz with a dorsal bristle.
N.—Third longitudinal vein bent deeply into the first
posterior cell.
0.—Marginal cell closed and petiolate.....Bristalinae,
00.—Marginalyeell open......... ..-.-- Maliotinae.
NN.—Third longitudinal vein, only gently curved.
P.—Arista plumose,
Q. —Marginal cell closed.......... Volucellinae.
Q@.—Marginal cell open.......... Sericomyinae.
PP.—Arista bare or pubescent.
f.—Thorax with distinct yellow markings.....,
Milesinae,
RR.—Thorax without yellow markings......

Xylotinae.
MM.—Antenne with a terminal style...... a fees he Cerinae.

/

132 BULLETIN. BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. February 1885. ]

MICRODONINAE.

Anterior cross-vein near the base of the discal cell, or near the
middle, and more or less oblique. Marginal cell of the wing open.
Legs slender. Femora not thickened. First and third joints of the an-
tennze elongate, the second more or less so. Large species.

A.—Scutellum thickened, usually with two points; face rounded, not tuberculate,
pilose; without distinct yellow markings.............. .. Microdon, Meig.
AA.—Face produced downwards, obitusely convex on lower part, yellow with black
median stripe; third longitudinal vein with a distinct curvature: thorax with
lateral yellow interrupted stripes; abdomen banded. (Chrysotoxum).

PIPIZINAE.

Anterior cross-vein near the base of the discal cell, rectangular, the
third vein usually straight, antennz a little elongated or short; marginal
cell open; face rounded or tuberculate, receding above the oral margin;
mostly small, nearly bare, finely punctulate species, with short, oval ab-
domen; hind femora rarely somewhat thickened.

A.—First and second joints of antennee very short, the third large, subquadrate,
with a sub-terminal arista; abdomen very convex, the venter deeply excavated.....

Nausigaster, Will. -
AA.—First two joints ofantennze not unusually shortened, the arista basal, eyes pilose.
B.—Face evenly rounded, not at all projecting in profile, dark, without yellow,

obtusely rounded behind; finely punctulate, black or black and red, not |
amd edits a ei hic, foal) AAMAS fee ed Ds ih ee eae Paragus, Latr.

CHILOSINAE,

Small to moderately large species, never with light markings other
than luteous spots sometimes present at the base of the abdomen, scu-
tellum, lower part of the face, etc.; usuallv the color is uniformly black,
with or without metallic greenish markings or wholly deep shining black,
the abdomen never with entire cross-bands of any kind. Antennz elong-
ate or short, the face with a distinct tubercle, or if not, the oral border
in front is projecting; abdomen oval, never elongate or club-shaped;
marginal cell of wings broadly open, third longitudinal vein nearly
straight, anterior cross-vein near the base of discal cell.

A.-——Hind femora distinctly thickened.
B.—Antennz elongate; body clothed with sparse tomentum; all the femora
thickened and with a row of short spines below....,....Lepidomyia, Loew.
BB.—Antennz short, all the femora not thickened.

[February 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC7 VOL VLE 133

-(.—Scutellum unusually large, nearly square in outline; eyes of male separated

loyy Wis @elllate WHISK, Goohoac- ss Bass doodeoceoooc Chaleomyia, ims (ea
CC.—Scutellum not unusually large, considerably broader at the base; eyes of
WANS COMIMEAPOWS. whe odode oss0co ssa boo Saoo UeaDDS Myiolepta, Newm.

AA.—Hind femora slender.
D.—Face and front never with transverse wrinkles.
E,—Fpistoma produced, face without tubercle............ Psilota, Meig.
EE,—Face tuberculate, the oral margin never protuberant..... Chilosia, Meig.
DD.—F¥ront in female, or the face in both sexes also with transverse wrinkles;
hind border of scutellum sharp; false vein of wing usually obsolete ....

Chrysogaster, Meig.
MELANOSTOMINAE.

Small, elongate, thinly pilose species, deep black or shining green,
the abdomen usually slender, with interrupted bands of bright yellow,
orange or greenish yellow color (Svrphus simplex from the West Indies
has a black face and entire shining metallic abdominal cross—band ); face
uniformly black, or at least never with light ground-color. Anten-
nz short, face tuberculate, marginal cell of wing open, third longi-
tudinal vein of wing only gently curved, anterior cross-vein near the base
of discal cell; legs slender, hind femora never thickened.

A.—Wings not longer than the abdomen; ocellar tubercle large, prominent; ab—
domen depressed, long, elliptical, somewhat narrowed toward the base, the lighter
markings ferruginous or orange-yellow.................. Pyrophaena , ochiner.

AA.—Wings longer than the abdomen; ocellar tubercle not unusually large; abdomen
more slender, the cross-bands yellow or greenish yellow, sometimes shining me-
tallic.

B. —Front tibize and metatarsi of the male dilated, those of the female slightly
WiGleMe Cees ee ain. chatdus, Vartye hve: 4 +. SRE eeeaters Piatychirus , ot. F. & Serv.
BB.—Front tibize and metatarsi in both sexes slender, not widened.
(.—Distance between the eyes below less than in the middle of the face, front
of female considerably narrowed above (Baccha).
CC ==livesmotconyerzent: below: 4... «mercer y= tel Melanostoma, Schiner.

BACCHINAE.

(To this group but a single genus is referred. Some species belong—
ing under Aelanostominae may be sought for here; the long front, ex—
tremely narrowed cheeks with the width of the face being conspicuously
less below will distinguish those species belonging here in which the ab-
domen is not elongate and club-like. Moreover, such species are chiefly
from the West Indies and Central America. )

A.—Wings with dark markings, or the abdomen very slender.......... Baccha, Fab,

* Type, Myiolepta era Loew.

134 BULLETIN. BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VU. February 1885.]

XANTHOGRAMMINAE,

Mostly elongate, small, thinly pilose species, deep shining black or
shining green, with bright yellow markings on face, lateral dorsal mar—
gins of thorax, and abdomen. Antenne short, face tuberculate; marginal
cell of wings wide open, third longitudinal vein only slightly curved,
small cross-vein near the base of discal cell; legs slender; hind femora
rarely thickened (Mesograpta).

A.—Kyes of male with an area of enlarged facets above; fourth segment of abdomen

in both sexes with two yellow median stripes and an oblique spot on each side....

Allograpta, O. S.

AA.—Eyes of male wholly without an area of enlarged facets above; fourth segment
of abdomen fasciate.

B.—Ocelli situated near the vertex; abdomen oval, of six visible segments; thorax

without median dorsal cinereous line............. Xanthosramma, Schiner.
BB.—Ocellar tubercle remote from the vertex; slender species.

(.—Dorsum of thorax with a median cinereous line....... Mesoerapta, Loew.
CC.—Dorsum of thorax without such line........ Sphoerophoria, St. F. & Serv.

SYRPHINAE.

Rather large species*, black or greenish black, usually with yellow
abdominal bands; the face always wholly or in part yellow, the dorsum
of thorax without yellow lateral stripes; moderately pilose. Marginal cell
of wing wide open, third vein rarely (Didea) curved into the first posterior
cell, anterior cross-vein near the base.of discal cell. Antennze short,
face tuberculate**, abdomen oval, rarely elongate, never club-shaped;
legs slender, hind femora never thickened.

A.—Thickly pilose species; abdomen quite oval, broader beyond the middle. Basal

portion of abdomen yellow, terminal portion black, wings with a dark spot......

Leucozona, Schiner.

AA.—Rather bare species; abdomen with yellow bands, either all entire or one or all

interrupted.
B.—Hind femora extraordinarily thickened. (Syritta).
BB.—Hind femora not thickened.

C. —Eyes of male with an area of enlarged facets above; front very convex;

la OO Nemo WIA? SiMe ee og cas daceuoaceacaccs Catabomba, VU. S.

CC.—Eyes of male without an area of enlarged facets above; front moderately
convex; hypopygium not very small.

* Species of Paragus (Pipizinee) wiil be sought for here; they are small, finely
_punctulate, nearly bare, with or without the abdomen more or less red.

** Tf the face is concave, from antennee to oral margin, and the hind femora very
much thickened compare Syritta (Xylotine).

[February 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 135

~ D.—Sixth abdominal segment of the male as long as the two preceding to-

gether, but narrower, somewhat tubular, unsymmetrical: on underside

of the seventh segment with two long, linear, sub-parallel appendages.

arcuate, bidenticulate at the end, imbedded in grooves when at rest. In

the female the fifth segment half as long as the preceding. Scutellum

much raised, exposing metanotum...... eu tok se . Eupeodes, OS:

DD.—Hypopygium without slender appendages, sixth segment of male not

peculiar; fifth segment of female one third or one fourth as long as pre-
ceding segment.

#.— Third longitudinal vein with a distinct curvature into the first posterior

cell; third joint of the antennze elongate-oval.......... Didea, Macq.

HE.—Vhird longitudinal vein straight or gently curved; third joint of an-

tenmeeshontovalls<, yosss = soe ee eee SOR ertete Syrphus, Fabr.
ASCINAE.

Small, slender, elongate, thinly pilose species, with more or less
yellow markings on head and abdomen. Antennze short, epistoma pro-
duced; marginal cell of the wings open, third longitudinal vein straight
or gently curved, anterior cross-vein near the base of the discal cell and
rectangular, abdomen contracted towards the base, the greatest width
beyond the middle, in outline club-shaped or spatulate; hind femora
thickened. .

B.—Epistoma produced anteriorly, in profile deeply concave from antennz to

tip; third jomt of antennze nearly orbicular............... -Sphegsina, Meig.

BB.—¥pistoma produced more downward, in profile slightly concave from anten-

HL EMAL OULD Pays nap eee ch ssn cte ce Ce oi ove SE Me EMR acu ciralign seed eran Se Ascia, Meig.
BRACHYOPINAE,

Moderate sized, nearly bare species, chiefly or wholly reddish or
luteous; or, ifin large part black, without light yellow markings. Antennze
short, abdomen not club-shaped; anterior cross-vein before middle of the
discal cell, marginal cell wide open.

A,-—Epistoma produced into along slender porrected snout; femora slender; the

third longitudinal vein joins the costa beyond the tip........ Rhingia, Scopoli.
‘AA,.—Face not so produced, hind femora more or less thickened.
eS hacewcaninate abdomen Oval. » \ Sees eh ee Brachyopa, Meig.

£6.—Face produced, obtusely tuberculate, thorax with bristles, abdomen elongate
Eugeniomyia, Will.
VOLUCELLIN AE,

Mostly large species, uniform in color or variable. Third joint of
the antennz more or less elongate, the arista always pilose; eyes usually
pilose; body nearly bare or thickly pilose; abdomen short, thick, strongly
convex above; legs slender, marginal cell of the wings closed and petio-

136 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. February 1885. ]

late, third longitudinal vein gently curved, the fourth vein joins the third
a considerable distance before the tip; anterior cross-vein usually near
the base of discal cell; legs slender, hind femora never thickened.
A.—Arista very densely plumose, appearing like a solid mass....Copestylum, Macq.
AVA Arista steathenyapiuimOSe i... 1)./) cate eee Oley rahe) seat Volucella, Geof.
ERISTALINAE.

Large species, uniform in color or more or less variegated, thinly or
thickly pilose; third joint of antennz short, arista bare or thinly pilose;
abdomen short, broad, arched; hind femora sometimes much thickened;
marginal cell of wings closed and petiolate; third longitudinal vein with
a deep concavity into the first posterior cell; anterior cross-vein near or
beyond the middle of the discal cell, oblique.

A.—Thorax never with yellow spots.

B.—Frontal triangle of male strongly protuberant... ..... -Doliosyrphus, Bigot.
BB.—¥rontal triangle of male evenly arched.......... Sea Eristalis, Latr.
AA.—Thorax with yellow spots.
(¢.—Hind femora without a projection below.............. Pteroptila, Loew.
CC.—Hind femora with a projection below near the end. (Milesia.)
MALLOTINAE.

Mostly large, thickly pilose species; antennz short*; the third joint

-not longer than broad, arista basal, bare; hind femora thickened; marg-

inal cell of wings open, third longitudinal vein deeply curved into the

first posterior cell, anterior cross-vein at or beyond the middle of discal
cell, oblique; hind femora thickened.

A.—Arista plumose (Sericomyine).
AA.—Arista bare.
B.—F ace with a longitudinal ridge in the middle; hind femora strongly thicken-
ed and with an angular protuberance below, near the end

Tropidia, Meig.
BB.— Face not distinctly carinate; tuberculate or rounded.
C.—Hind coxee and tip of hind tibie in the male with spurs; eyes of male
broadly separated......... 84. ETAL aS ree (Polydonta ||) Triodonta,
CC.—Hind coxze and tip of hind tibiz in the male without such spurs, or if
so, the abdomen is elongated and cylindrical,
D.—Thorax and scutellum very densely pollinose above; the face in the male
more tuberculate than in the female .............. Pterallastes, Loew.
DD.—Thorax and scutellum not densely pollinose above.
F,—Third joint of antennze: broad, thorax not vittate.
Bi Mhickly spilosen:. 2. saci Meerennek totaal ere vee eae Mallota, Meig.

* Chrysotowum may be sought for here: the antennze are elongate, and the
dorsum of the thorax has yellow lateral stripes.

{February 1885, BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 187

EF, —Thinly ee hind tibize in the male with an internal, median spur

Teuchocnemis, O. S.
HE.—Third joint of the antennee ovate; thorax usually with distinct stripes:

eyes of male broadly separated...........-...-.- Helophilus Meig.
. SERICOMYINAE.
Large species; antennz short, the third joint scarcely longer than
broad; arista basal, plumose; anterior cross-vein of wings oblique, near
the middle of discal cell; hind femora sometimes thickened.

_A.-—Moderately pilose; abdomen with yellow interrupted cross—bands, third longitu-

dinal vein never considerably curved..............0..+5. Sericomyia, Meig.

AA.—Thickly pilose, abdomen uniformly black; third longitudinal vein considerably

CUTVCC ee ARIE te he diame ela iS De Pane a Peale Arctophila, Schiner.
XYLOTINAE.

Anterior cross-vein near or beyond the middle of the discal cell;
arista dorsal, bare; third longitudinal vein only gently curved, marginal
cell open; thorax without yellow markings other than sometimes on the
humeri.

A.—Long, slender, abdomen narrowed toward the base (Baccha).
AA.—Abdomen never linear or club shaped.
B.—Nearly bare species, especially on the abdomen, the pile never long or dense;

eyes bare.
C.—Face strongly carinate; hind femora thickened, with an angular protuber—
ancespelow neartherend: .. . 3. jee rome sowie ease Tropidia, Meig.

CC.— Face not carinate.

D.—Third segment of the abdomen in the male very much contracted, cy-
lindrical, the hind femora much thickened, with a bifid spine below at
the tip. Eyes very large, face small............... Senogaster, Macq.

DD.—Hind femora more or less thickened, with spines or bristles below,
never with a bifid spine near the tip.
#. —Hind femora very much thickened, anterior cross-vein rectangular,....
Syritta, St. F, & Serv.
HE.—Hind femora never remarkably thickened, hind coxze often with spin-
ous process; cross-vein always oblique..............0. Xylota , Meig.
BB. —Uarge pilose species, the abdomen always abundantly pilose.
F.—Scutellum, . margin. of thorax. and pleurz with bristly hairs; face
distinctly tuberculate; femora slender, abdomen without yellow
MALKIN ES) alo vein Oe Aa) SESS ene revs ieee aenine ol Pryscunleni ye Rond.
FF. —Thorax. wholly without bristly hairs.
G.—Face short, not produced, concave from antennz to i not tuber-
culate, transversely arched; hind femora more or less thickened.
Jf ===) Noval yaavein GlOMNBHS gs SG Sono nec é Brachypalpus, Macq.
HH.—Abdomen yery broad, thorax densely pilose, very large species.
Pocota, St. F. & Serv.
@G.—Face produced, longer than the front.

138 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC, VOL. VIL February 1885. ]

J.—F ace produced forward, pointed, concave from the antennze

to lip, not tuberculate, sub-carinate, eyes of male contiguous

or nearly so in front of ocellar tubercle; hind femora thicken-

ed, abdomen without yellow markings.....Crioprora, O. Ss
J1.—Face not evenly concave, tuberculate.

J.—Third joint of antennz produced above into a pone

process, terminating in the thickened arista; femora not

thickened .\.(Saneee ney Geuse ste eee Merapioidus, Big.
JJ.—Third joint of antenne transversely oval, but little broad-

er than long; femora rarely thickened.............
Criorrhina, (Meig.) Macq.
_ MILESINAE.

Large species, thinly pilose or nearly bare, with yellow spots or lat-
eral stripes on the thorax above. Anterior cross-vein at or beyond the
middle of discal cell and oblique; third longitudinal vein usually only

gently curved; arista dorsal, bare; hind femora moderately Nickeay
and elongate.

A.—Hind femora with a conical protuberance below near the end.
B.—Marginal cell of wing open; antennz more or less elongated

Spilomyia, Meig.
BB.—-Marginal cell closed and petiolated; antennze short.....Milesia, (Latr.) Fabr.
AA.—Hind femora without such protuberance; marginal cell open.

¢,—Dorsum of thorax with yellow lateral interrupted stripes; third joint of an-

tennze elongate reel SRR ea SO Chrysotoxum, Meig.
0C,—Dorsum of thorax not so striped; third joint of antennze not elongate.

D.—Antennz inserted high up on a conical projection, front short, face
much produced downward; antennz longer or shorter than the head..

Sphecomyia, Latr.
DD.—Antennz short, situated low Ae near the middle of the head in pro-

file, face not longer than the front........ Temnostoma, St. F. & Serv.
CERINAE.

A.—Rather large, elongate species, nearly bare; antennz longer than the head.
second and third joints swollen, terminating in a short thickened style; third
longitudinal vein strongly angulated, emitting a stump of a vein into the first

posterior (Cell... a lee ee eb eee pe eee eb ere ne wenens Ceria, Fabr.
_ AA.—Small species, nearly bare, not elongate; first two joints of the antennee very

short, third elongate, dilated below near the base, and with a short thickened
Veto gence: Ye pia vabee LANE Rae ch a'id SUR MRRR IRIE eyesore Steven Re SRL ED a .-Pelecocera, Meig.

There is doubt about the determination of one of the above genera,
_M. Bigot, claiming (Wien. Ent. Zeit. vol. iii. pp. 217, 320) that what I
have named Zwuceratomyia is the same as his genus MMerapiordus. If

[February 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 139

so my determination of Merapwidus, as
shown in the figure below, is incorrect,
and the genus yet lacks a name.

Upon further careful study Iam con-
“vinced that Luceratomyia is doubtfully
distinct from Pe/ecocera of Europe. The
only difference is in the third joint of

Pelecocera. the antennze, and this, though apparently
striking, is scarcely of generic value, at least as long as the genus Pele-
cocera contains so few species. In size, coloration, and structure, other-

wise, my species P. per-
gande fully agrees with .
some of the species placed
in the genus. Now if Mr.
Bigot is right, his genus mae Merapioidus.

Merapioidus is a synonym of Pelecocera; but I will await further evidence
before assuming that he is, and I must here defend this genus. It is
quite unnecessary to point out the differences between Pelecocera and
what I here call Merapioidus, a genus whose typical species is of about
the size and shape of an Z7isfal’s; there is scarcely any resemblance.

All the known genera from the United States have been examined.

- Some Gece notes will be given in the next paper.

SESS a aS

pe

‘M. AUG. CHEVROLAT.

We are sorry to learn from M. A. Sall é, of the recent decease of that
eminent coleopterist, in the 86th year of his age. M. Chevrolat was well
and favorably known wherever Coleoptera were studied, and he worked
at his favorite science with an energy and versatility peculiar to his nation.
In 1862 Dr. Hagen enumerates 91 articles as from his pen, and M. Chev-
rolat has not flagged in his efforts since. One by one the men eminent
in our favorite science drop off, leaving however their mark in the classi-
fication of the order gi which ee worked.

SO aC I E TY N EWS.
Jan. 3lst.—Twenty members present. Prof. Fillon visitor. Mr. Richard
F. Pearsall was elected a member of the Society. The report of the Committee
on Incorporating the Society was made, relating that the necessary legal steps
had been taken and proper papers filed. On motion the report of the committee
was adopted, and all the members present st: bscribed a certified copy of the cer-
tificate of incorporation as original members. Hight others had signified their

140 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC, VOL. VU February 1885.)

intention to subscribe as original members as soon as they could attend a
meeting of the Society, and it was resolved to give all the present members the
privelege of signing cn their next attendance. The further proceedings were
carried on under the articles of Incorporation, Mr. John B. Smith in the chair,
The committee on a union of Papilio with the Bulletin, reported in favor of such
‘union, and recommended that a monthly Journal to consist of not less than 20.
pages be issued, to be called ‘“Entomologica Americana”, Subscription price to
be $2 00 perannum. They reported that it had been provided in the by—laws
that a publication fund should be established and Mr. Bb. Neumoegen had offered
$100 per annum toward defraying the cost of the new Journal. They further
reported that a sub-committee had been appointed which had conferred with
“Messrs. Aaron and Edwards in reference to back volums of Papilio. Mr. Neu-
moegen had released to the Society all his claim on Vols. I, 11 & II, and Mr.
Edwards had agreed to do the same, on condition of being elected a life mem-
ber of the Society. With Mr. Aaron a similar arrangement was made, so that
the Society was in the most favorable position possible to successfully publish
the combination Journal, which was to cover the whole field of Entomology.
On motion the report of the Committee was afterward adopted, their acts and a-
greements ratified, and the Committee discharged.

The Committee on By-Laws reported that they had prepared a draft, which
was submitted, discussed, and with some sight amendments adopted, and the
Committee discharged.

The election of Officers was then proceeded with, with the following result,
President, A.W. P. Cramer; Vice Pres., Edward L. Graef; Treasurer, C. H, Rob-
erts; Corr. Secy., and Editor, John B. Smith; Rec. Secy., A. C. Weeks; Librari-
an, Geo. D. Hulst; Curator, Chas. W. Leng; Executive Committee, A. W. P.
Cramer, C. H. Roberts, B. Neumoegen, John B. Smith, Geo. D. Hulst, Edward
L. Graef and Fred. Tepper; Publication Committee, John B. Smith, Hy. Kd-

wards, B. Neumoegen, Edward L. Graef and Fred. Tepper.
On motion the Certificate of Incorporation and By—Laws were ordered pub-
lished.

On further motion it was resolved, that, the new by-laws providing that the’
meetings of the Society be held on the first Tuesday of each month, and the first

Tuesday of February being at hand, the next meeting be held on the first Tues-

day of March.

A communication was read reporting the establishment of an Entomological
- Society at Newark, N.J. On motion the Secretary was directed to convey to the
new Society our best wishes for its success. A large number of Publications
were received; but owing to the lateness of the hour all further business was laid
over until the next meeting.

*
*

Members are hereby notified that the next meeting of the Society will be
held on the first Tuesday of March next, at 8 P.M. Such members as have not
yet subscribed the certificate or given notice of their intention so to do, will
please attend that meeting, or communicate with the Secretary as soon as pos-
_ sible in order that the roll of original members may be completed.

[March & April 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 141

. An Introduction to a Classification of the
N. A. Lepidoptera.
(Continued from p, 83.)

In the last paper was given a brief review in synoptic form of the
classification of the Lepidoptera as a whole. The present paper is de—
voted to the RHOPALOCERA.

In this assemblage of forms, characterized by antennz which are
clavate at tip, a lack of ocelli, want of the frenelum in both sexes, and
diurnal habits, two distinct structural types are observable; the true
Butterflies, and the Skzppers or Hesperids, The latter are characterized
by the very broad, short head, and the situation of the antennze, which
are as widely separated as the width of the head will allow. Their robust

‘body, strong, often rather hairy wings, usually small size, and short
jerkv manner of flight renders them recognizable at a glance. At rest
the primaries are elevated, the secondaries extended horizontally. ‘Some
exotic forms (Zhanaos tages) when asleep, fuld both pair of wings as do
the Bombycids and Noctuidae.

The Papiliones or true butterflies have both pairs of wings elevated
when at rest, the head is comparatively smaller than in the Hesferids,
though in some Nymphalidae of good size, and the antenne are situated
rather close together near to the middle of the vertex.

In Vol. VI of the ‘‘Bulletin” pp. 37—45 I gave a synoptic table of
the genera of the Rhopalocera, and that should be consulted by the stud-
ent in connection herewith. In that paper I followed Mr. Edwards’
catalogue in the arrangement of families, placing the Pafzlionidae at the
head of the list. Since that time I have had an opportunity of more
closely examining large collections of that family and the result is that I
have become convinced that the Vymphales represent a higher type than
the Papiliones and should be catalogued before them in the list. The di-
agram given by Mr. Scudder in the Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. VI, p. 73,
seems to express very nearly the true relationship of the forms, and after
verifying the structural characters referred to by him, I fully concur with
his results

The table on page 38 should therefore be modified as follows:

Imago with but four fully developed legs; anterior more or less aborted in at least

one sex.
Anterior tarsi aborted in both sexes; tibia weak, in ({' brush-like, Chrysalis angular.
Suspendedatyathey tatters 400! (10h | ieeMemiger tence ria ray stictolts cs) eta Nymphalidae.

Anterior tarsi of ¢{ aborted, tibia brush-like; of © complete, but weak. Wings
often thinly covered with scales................... SAE eee kes Erycinidae,

142 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. March & April 1885. ]

Anterior tarsi of <j’ apparently complete, often ringed; but usually exarticulate and

never with claws at tip. Chrysalis subulate; girthed at middle..... Lycaenidae,
Imago with six complete legs in both sexes.

Head moderate; antennz approximate at base, not hooked or acutely terminated at

tip. Chrysalis usually angular, girthed at middle.............. Papilionidae.
Head broad; antennze widely separated at base; usually hooked or acutelly termin-
ated at tip. Larva often pupating in a cocoon..........+....... Hesperidac. -

The true relations of the families cannot be accurately expressed in
cataloguing; but referring the student to Mr. Scudder’s excellent paper
and the diagram on p. 76 thereof for further information, the four-footed
butterflies will here be all considered together.

The Nymphalidae are represented in our fauna by five sub-families,
viz. Heliconinae, Danainae, Nymphalnae, Satyrinae and Libytheinae.

Various orders are adopted in cataloguing, some placing the Sazyr-—
mmae at the head of the list, while others accord to the Danainae that
rank. Except in the one point,—the place of the family itself,— we
prefer Mr. Edwards’ arrangement of the sub-families and genera, and
will consider them in the order above named.

The synopsis of sub-families need not be here repeated; the student
is supposed to have that in the 6th Vol. at hand.

The Heliconinae are essentially tropical butterflies, and the few spe-
cies found in the Southern States are not all at home there; but have
come from the West Indies or Mexico. The sub-family is distinguished
from all the other four-footed butterflies by’ having the secondaries ex-
cised at inner margin, so that there is no groove for the reception of the
abdomen. The antennz are long, the wings rather narrow and elong-
ate, often more or less hyaline, and usually very brightly colored.

The typical genus Heliconia is represented in our fauna by a single

species, charitonia, which is black, and ornamented with three more or
less complete, irregular, yellow bands on primaries, and two on sec-
ondaries. Bhan?
The Danuinae are represented by the typical genus Damazs, well
known to most collectors all over the world; our archippus is common
everywhere, and can almost claim the title cosmopolitan. The genus is
distinguished by the five branched subcostal nervure, and the distinctly
closed cell. The secondaries are not excised; but are modified at the
internal margin so as to form a groove for the reception of the abdomen.
In the males there is a peculiar black raised spot on vein two of the sec-
ondaries.

The Wymphalinae are represented in our fauna by numerous genera,

[March & April 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 143

not very well marked structually considered; but very evidently character-
ized by a peculiar style of maculation which renders them easily recog-.
nizable. The table on p. 41 of Vol. VI is:perhaps as good an ee
ment for their distinction as can be at present devised. .

Colaenis has the discal cell of primaries closed, of secondaries open;
the tibize are not spinose. The wings are elongate, rather narrow, re-
minding one of Heliconta, tawny in color above and beneath; without
silvery spots. ue ;

Agraulis has the same general appearance; but is much wider wing-
ed, the primaries still drawn out at apex; tawny in color, spotted above
with black, and beneath marked with elongate silvery blotches on sec-
ondaries and at apex of primaris, The tibia are spined, else the genus
is structurally like the preceeding. A. vanillae is very common in the
Southern States. +

Argynnis is very largely represented in our fauna, and very many
species have been described. They are usually moderate in size, tawny
in color, maculate with black above, and usually with silver on second-
aries beneath. ‘The maculation is all after the same type, and a_ species
once seen. all other representatives of the genus can be recognized at a
glance. The discal cell of both wings is closed.

Euptoieta resembles Argynnis in maculation above, but lacks the
silvery spots beneath. The primaries are broader, produced at apex, and
somewhat excavated above middle of outer margin. ‘The discal cell of’
secondaries is open, . .

Diadema is large, with some resemblance to Danais; but the discal
cell of secondaries is open. ‘The primaries are fulvous above, black. to-
ward apex and with an oblique white band crossing this dark space.

Melitaea and Phyciodes substantially agree in maculation, and are
often considered identical. Above, they resemble miniature Argynuzds;
but the discal cell of secondaries is open. The species referred to Afeli-
faea have the apices of primaries sumewhat more produced than those
referred to Phyctodes.

Eresta and Synchloe are very near to Melitaca. and are by some con-
sidered identical with it. The former has somewhat more elongate wings
and more abruptly clavate antennz, the latter is slightly excavated at
outer margin of primaries below apex. These genera are very unsatis-
factorily distinguished. |

In Vanessa and Grapta the discal cell of both wings is open; ‘the %
_primaries are angulated, the,secondaries shortly tailed. The. species re-

144 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. March & April 1885.]

ferred to Grapfa have a silvery mark on the underside of secondaries;
those referred to Vanessa are without this distinction.

Pyramets is closely allied; but the wings are not angulate nor tailed,
and the secondaries are ocellate and marbled beneath. Above they are
as in Vanessa, red or brownish inclining to tawny; with black apices,
maculate with white spots.

Junonia is a dark form, with one large ocellus on primaries, and
two on secondaries, which give the insect a distinctive appearance. The

discal cell of both wings is open. Avartia is a peculiar livid form, some-
what resembling Funonza; but having the ocelli small, and the second-
aries lobate or slightly tailed.

Calhcore is represented in our fauna by a very handsome species—
Clymene. [tis black, with an iridescent blue band, and a subapical
white spot. The genus has the discal cell of both wings open, trigonate
primaries and obovate secondaries.

Limenetis has the cell of secondaries open; the species are large; the
primaries trigonate, somewhat excavate below apex. They are variable
in color; dssippus resembling Danais in maculation, while arthemis is
black with a broad white median fascia on both wings.

Heterochroa is closely allied; but has the wings dentate or scolloped:
our species is peculiar by a large subapical yellowish patch on the. black
primaries.

Apatura has broad primaries strongly produced at apex, slightly ex-
cavated below, and the anal angle of secondaries somewhat produced.
The discal cell in both wings is open. The ornamentation consists of
white spots in the black apical region of primaries, one or more black
ocelli above vein two, near the margin; a row of submarginal ocelli on
secondaries above; and a mottled and ocellate underside.

Eurema has the secondaries tailed, the primaries subangulate, discal
cell of both wings closed, tibize and tarsi densely spined.

Timetes has the discal cell of both wings open, secondaries with long
tails, and lengthily produced anal angle. The primaries are subfalcate,
and the ornamentation consists of transverse lines or shades crossing
both wings.

_Puphia isa robust form, with tailed secondaries and subitellgate
primaries. The underside of secondaries has a ‘‘dead leaf’ appearance
which is peculiar and renders the insect easily recognizable.

Eunica and Cystineura show an approach to the Sa/yri/ae in the
dilated veins of primaries. The former is dark in color with subcaudate

\

[March & April 1885.. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 145

secondaries and subfalcate primaries. The latter is a pale yellowish
white, with dusky margins to primaries and an orange outward shading
on secondaries. ‘The wings are entire.

Agonisthos and Victorima are said to occur occasionally in the
Southern U.S.; but are scarcely proper parts of our fauna. All the pre-
ceding genera are. treated of and the species thereof described in the
former volumes of the Bulletin.

Ageronia is a very interesting genus, intermediate to some extent
between the .Vymphalinae and Satyrinae. The costal vein of primaries
is inflated, and the palpi are long. ‘The head is broad, the eyes promi-
nent, and the body robust. The pupe are slender, girthed at middle,
and have two ear-like tubercles. The imagines are said to produce a
squeaky sound, alight on the trunks of trees and rest head downward,

‘with expanded wings. These peculiarities have been considered

sufficient to entitle the insects to sub-family rank. The middle femora
are unusually long. Our species are more or less mottled with greenish
and white.

The S.tyrinae comprise butterflies of medium size, usually dull
smoky brown colors, rather thin large wings and only moderately robust
bodies. The ornamentation is usually more or less ocellate in character,
and often very variable. This sub-family, or. as some prefer to consider
it, family, has been placed at the head of the butterflies because the fore
legs are most aborted, and because the Chrysalis illustrates the extreme
remove from the girthed forms, being suspended by the tail only, and
not at all angulate, the abdominal portion contracted in size and the
thoracic region well developed.

The genera all have the veins more or less inflated at root, and
modifications of this character afford convenient bases for genera.
Neonympha has two veins inflated at base, the wings entire and
tibize not, or feebly, spinulated. he species are mostly without macula-
tion above, or have only an apical ocellus on primaries; but differ in
the maculation of under side.

Coenonympha has the three principal veins inflated at base. The
species are small and unlike most others of the sub-family are usually
pale, yellowish or whitish in color. The species are indefinite and large-
ly opinionative.

_ Erebia has but two veins inflated, and has the club of antennz dist-
inct, flattened. The species have often a reddish suffusion, and are
more or less ocellated above.

146 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VIL March & April 1885.]

Debis and Satyrodes have the veins very slightly and gradually swoll-
en or inflated. The latter has the secondaries entire, much as in /Ve-
nympha, while Debis has them dentate and subcaudate.

Gyrocheilus has two veins inflated: the antennal club is very gradual
and not flattened, and the tibize are profusely spined. Our single species
is black, the primaries with small white dots toward apices, the second-
aries with outer margin more or less broadly orange. The hind wings
too, are dentate.

Hipparchia has somewhat produced primaries, and very short middle
tibia. A single species, Azdigsi occurs in our fauna; it is dull smoky
gray, all wings with an irregular pale sabmarginal band, in which are
ocelli.

Satyrus has the veins very suddenly inflated; the primaries rather
large, secondaries with outer margin somewhat dentate or waved. ‘The
species are of moderate size, and the primaries are furnished with one,
two, or three ocellate spots often set in a pale submarginal band. Be-
neath, the secondaries have usually a sub-marginal row ofocelli The
species of this genus are very variable and largely opinionative. They
afford excellent examples of local races, breading true to themselves; but
in some places intergrading.

Chionobas is readily distinguished by the greatly produced apices of
primaries, the thinly scaled wings, and the unusually ample secondaries,
The species are northern, ur mountainous.

The Libytheinae are very readily distinguished by their long palpi,
which project forward far beyond the head, forming an obvious snout,
resembling that of some of the De/foid genera. A single species of Liby-
thea represents the sub-family in our fauna.

The Lrycinidae or gossamer winged butterflies are rather small,
usually reddish or fulvous in color, showing their relationship to the
following Lycaenidae. Lemonias is rather a robust form, with the costa
of primaries straight or little arched. Charzs is much slighter and the
wings are more rounded. umaeus has the wings more or less suffused
with metallic scales, and on the underside are silvery blotches.

Nemeobtus resembles Chrysophanus in color and maculation; but the
primaries are more acute at apex. None of the genera are well represent-
ed in our fauna, and the species are southern and southwestern. _

The Lycaenidae—blues, coppers and hair streaks in common parl-
ance— are readily recognized by the small size, the marked colors which
led to their popular names, and the apparently complete foretarsi of both

{March & Afril 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 147

sexes. . Really the (j' has the fore tarsus formed of but a single joint in
the cases examined by me, though that joint is clothed and ringed so
as to appear upon superficial examination to be normally divided. The
common Chrys. americana well illustrates this.

Though the species are numerous the genera are few in number.

Thecla is distinguished by the usually prominent shoulder of fore-
wings and somewhat elongate secondaries: the latter are usually furnished
with filiform tails, or are notched or dentate.

Fenesica is without tails, fulvous in color with rather wide black
margin to primaries,

Lycaena and Chrysophanus differ little in structure and are by many
regarded as identical. In the latter genus the eyes are hairy, the spinu-
lation of tarsi strong, the colors usually coppery in at least one sex, and
maculation consisting of black spots.

Lycaena has naked eyes, more feebly spined tarsi and the color is
blue, in at least one sex.

The Papilionidae are, comparatively spedking, poorly represented in
our country. The brilliant Jorphos and Ornithopteras are entirely
wanting and but a very limited number of what may be considered the
more typical group of Papo are found north of Mexico.

Two sub-families are represented —Pver7m.2e and Papilioninae.

The Prerimae are medium or small sized insects, white, yellow or
orange in color; the secondaries grooved for the reception of the ab-
domen, six complete legs, the anterior tibia w.thout epiphysis.

Preris is white, or pale yellowish, often mottled with black; moder-
ate in size, the antennze abruptly terminating in an avoid club,

Nathalis is a small form, yellow in color; the primaries considerably
enlarged outwardly, the secondaries proportionately rather small. The
anterior margin of secondaries in ({\ with an oval glandular naked im-
pression.

Anthocharis has rather short antenne and proportionate wings. The
underside of secondaries is motiled with greenish-gray and the primaries
have often a large orange apical patch. The general color is whitish or
greenish pale yellow.

Calhidryas contains-large insects usually yellow in color, the inner
margin of primaries sinuate, the secondaries beneath with silvered spots.
The antennal club is very gradual-and the antennz themse'ves, short.

Kricogonia \acks the silver spots beneath, and the antennal club is
truncate.

148 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. March & April 1885.)

Colias contains moderate sized species, yellow or’ orange in color,
usually with a broad black margin to both wings and a discal spot on
primaries. In some species the black is 50 arranged that the inclosed
yellow space has a rude resemblance to a dogs head. Beneath, the sec-
ondaries are furnished with silvered discal spots. The antennz are very
short and stout; the club is truncate, The species are numerous, illy
defined and largely opinionative.

Tervas contains small species with markings often similar to those of
Colias, The primaries are short, with a distinct shoulder near base, rect-
angular apices and straight outer margin.

The Papilioninae have but two genera in our fauna, distinct from all
the preceding forms by having the anterior tibia furnished with epiphysis.
In this respect these insects approach most nearly to the Hesperidae and
through them to the He/erocera in which this structure is universal.

Parnassius has moderate sized species with very thinly scaled wings,
entire secondaries which are not grooved to receive the abdomen, and _.
the Q is furnished with a very peculiar pouch near tip. ‘The larva pup-
ates in a thin cocoon and thus furnishes another link connecting this
family with the Hesper:idae. The ornamentation consists of black spots,
some of them ocellate with orange, The antennal club is not arquate.

Papilio contains large insects, usually black maculate with yellow
and blue, or yellow maculate with black. The secondaries are usually
tailed and somewhat elongate, not grooved to receive the abdomen; the
wings are densely scaled and the antennal club arquate.

The distinctive characters of the Hfesperidae have been already noted
and only an enumeration of the genera 1s necessary. Mr. E. M. Aaron
who has made a special study of this family, informs me that the genera
at present catalogued are imperfectly and sometimes erroneously defined.
As he has kindly promised to furnish the Mss. for the synopses of Lepi- —
doptera when this family is reached, a superficial survey is all that I shall
at present attempt.

Carterocephalus differs from all our other genera by lacking the tibial
epiphysis and having but a single pair of spurs to hind tibia.

Ancyloxypha contains a small species with blunt primaries, spined—
median tibia and long abdomen. The terminal joint of palpi is long
and slender.

Thymelicus has the same palpal structure but the antennz are trunc-
ate at tip and the secondaries somewhat prolonged at anal angle.

Copaeodes is more like Pamphila in appearance, but smaller. The
antennee truncate, the middle tibia not spined. . ine

{March & April 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 149

Pamphila has the antennee terminating in a little bent hook beyond
the club, and the secondaries are somewhat produced at anal angle. The
O'o lack the costal fold.

Amblyscirtes is very like the preceding but the secondaries are evenly
rounded and the primaries usually broader.

Pyrgus has the antennz somewhat compressed at tip; a distinct
brush at base, costal fold in Jd distinct, discoidal stripe wanting. The
species are checkered with white, and easily recognized.

Thanaos has the antennze spindle shaped, the club arquate, and
rather acutely terminated. The palpi are very’ densely clothed with
bristly hair and the primaries are short.

Systasea is very like the preceding but the palpi are shorter, more
sparsely clothed, and the antennal club is more slender.

Pholisora is also like Thanaos, but the brush at base of antennee is
scaly instead of hairy.

Achlyodes is peculiar by the irregular angulate wing form, which is
unique in this family.

Eudamus contains large species with somewhat pointed primaries;
lobate, often tailed secondaries and recurved antennal tips.

Erycides is very like the preceding but has the wing form of
Pamphila.

Pyrrhopyga is very like Hudamus but the club of antennze is obtuse,
not slender, acute.

Aegiale is perhaps the most distinct genus in this portion of the
series. ‘The species are large, the body very robust, abdomen exceeding
the secondaries which are not tailed. The antenne are short, stout,
straight and truncate at tip. The life history of A. Yuccae has been well
described by Prof. C. V. Riley and-the relationship of the Hesperidae with
the Cusiniares discussed.

In the next paper some Heterocerous families will be discussed.

(To be continued.)
rr
Taeniopteryx fasciata.

This species claims the right to be one of our earlier insects. I found
the pupee, to-day; Jan. 21st, crawling on the ice, over a small brook near
Philadelphia. It is explained by the sun being warm and the day not
very cold. According to Dr Hagen, Synop. N. A. Neurop, 1861, p. 34,
Osten Sacken took it in Washington in April.

ACAD. NAT. SCI. PHILA. JAN. 21. S. Frank AARON.

150 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. March & April 1885 ]

Are Curculio Larvae Lignivorous?
By Warren Knaus.

This question is discussed in Prof. J. A. Lintner’s First Annual
Report on the injurious and other Insects of the State of New York, on
pages 258 and 259. Thomas Walsh thought the larvee of Sphenophorus
sculptilis Uhlr., lived in decaying and moist wood. Mr. Lintner holds a
different view, believing that the larva of this species does not differ from
the habits of the family, these insects being entirely herbivorous,—quot-
ing Westwood and C. V. Riley as authorities. Mr. Riley however is also
quoted as agreeing with Walsh as to the habits of the species under dis-
cussion there.

While I do not wish to be understood as disputing such eminent
testimony bearing on the food habits of these Coleoptera, my own ob-
servations have led me to adopt a conclusion somewhat different con-
cerning at least one genus placed very near to the Scolytidae. I refer to
Wollastonia quercicola (Boheman).

For the past three season I have taken this insect from Cottonwood —
logs in a somewhat advanced state of decay. Cottonwood is the most
abundant timber in the valley of the Smoky Hill River in this, Salina,
County, and I have examined trunks of the trees used in buildings,
which were completely honeycombed by a small wood boring larva. I
first took this beetle in the season of. 1881, it appearing about the first
week in June and continuing until July.

I have invariablv taken this insect on or in, or in the immediate
vicinity of Cottonwood logs or stumps. The present season I took about
a dozen specimens from logs that had been used in a stable for the
past seventeen years; a number were taken from the larval burrows, and
numbers of small white fleshy larvae were also. observed in the same
pieces of timber: these larvee I feel confident were those of W. guercicola,
but as I found no pupe and did not continue my observation on their —
transformations, I cannot speak with absolute certainty. ;

I am still further strengthened in. the conviction that the larve of
this insect are wood eating, by the fact that it has a close structural rela-
tion to the Scolytidae. This is pointed out in Leconte and Horn’s
Classification of North American Coleoptera, and the affinities of several
genera (closely related to the one under discussion), with particular
genera of Scolyfidae are specially noticed. Further observation, I trust,
will remove all doubts as to the food habits of Wollastonia quercicola.

[March & April 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC, VOL. VIL. 151

Dynastes, again,

In Mr. Doll’s article on page 120, I was responsible for the ‘‘Colo-
rado”, ‘This was error: ‘*Hell’s Canon” 1s in Arizona, some forty miles
from Prescott. Dr. Horn informs me that the species was probably his
Granii, though none of his specimens are as large as those caught by
Mr. Doll. Granta occurs in Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico; and
with Mr. Doll’s note on its habits they should be found by any collector
visiting those States, even though they be not fortunate enough to enjoy
the trip through the canon with the suggestive name. ‘The date, it may
be added, was September. feels Ss

ooo

Book Notice.

Short Studies of North American Coleoptera. (No. 2.) By John L. Leconte,
M. D. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XII, pp. 1 to 32.

This is a collection of such fragmentary manuscripts as were left by Dr. Leconte
at the time of his death, edited by Dr. Horn. It contains descriptions of a considerable
number of new species and a revision of four genera of the Hlateridae—Drasterius,
Megapenthes, Hlater and Agriotes. A considerable amount of new synonomy is con-
tained in this paper, and the tables are clear and very practical.

* *
*

A Study of some Genera of Elateridae. By Geo. H. Horn, M.D. Trans.
Am. Ent. Soc. XII, pp. 33 to 52.

‘This paper is to an extent supplementary to that preceding, containing synopses
of Horistonotus, Esthesopus and Ludius, and brief notes on several other genera. Dr.
Horn’s work is always well done, and this paper is no exception.

‘These two papers partially fill a great gap in our literature, for the Elaterid genera
are not only very indefinte, but there is also so much variation in and yet so much
resemblance between species, that proper determination has been a matter of great
difficulty, and considerable uncertainty. Melanotus, Limonius and Corymbites are
still stumbling blocks and we hope that Dr. Horn’s plans provide for an early review
of those genera.

* Ea
*

We have received from Prof. Fernald and Mr. Hy. Edwards that part of the
‘Standard Natural History’’ devoted to Lepidoptera. According to the plan of
the work, Prof. Fernald begins with the lowest of the Heterocera and Mr. Edwards
ends with Papilio, as the highest of the Rhopaloceru. In judging of this work it
must be remembered—I quote Prof. Fernald—‘‘that 1 was allowed only so many
pages, and ‘it must be popular”’. Of course, under those circumstances only
the most cursory survey of the field could be taken. And Entomology seems
after all to occupy only a secondary or tertiary position in the estimation of the
publishers; so that besides an enumeration and popular definition of the prin-

152. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VU. March & April 1885.]

cipal groups, and remarks on a few species of economic interest or extraordinary
splendor, nothing is attempted. Not only American but exotic forms are em-
braced, and a fair number of illustrations—some of them distressingly familiar—

are given. To the Entomologist there is nothing of special interest: to the general -

reader there is enough to hold his attention. lf the remainder of the work be as
superficial as what we have seen of the Entomological portion, the title
“Standard’’ is a misnomer. Of course no criticism is intended adverse to Messrs.
Fernald and Edwards. Their work is the best that could be produced under the

circumstances, and Prof. Fernald’s review of the Heterocera in 30 pages is cer-.

tainly as well done as it could possibly be in that space. Referring again to the
illustrations, it is certainly inexcusable that fig. 557 is given as that of a Tineid,
while in fact it is placed in our lists among the Zygaenidae and is probably a
Lithosiid. Fig. 561, as the ‘‘codling moth” is certainly the poorest portrait of
that insect that was ever perpetrated. Prof. Fernald disclaims all responsibility
for figures, and we do not believe that he would be guilty of such blunders.

J. B.S.

Notice to Readers.

' With this number, the Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological
Society ceases to exist. For seven years we have done our mite toward
advancing the science of Entomology, and have gradually grown and
received support from every hand. It is with a feeling of pride that we
look back and note improvement in our paper.

The unanimous expression of the desirability of a union of Entomo-

logical Journals into one paper which might call to it the support ofall —

those interested in Entomology, led to negotiations between the represent-
atives of the ‘‘Bulletin” and ‘‘Papilio”; resulting in an arrengment for
the issuing of a new publication, for which the name ‘‘Entomologica
Americana” was decided on.

It was decided that the new Journal should be issued by the Brook-
lyn Entomological Society, and the measures taken by that Society for
the support of the new Journal.are found in the following by-laws of the
Society. :

The first number of the new Journal which we commend to all
Entomologists will be issued in April and will be sent to the subscribers
of two Journal above named. It will be edited by Mr. John B. Smith,
and the subscription price will be $2.00 per annum.

Tue PusiicaTIon COMMITTEE.

—

{March & April1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 153

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION.

STATE OF NEW YORK, re
COUNTY OF KINGS. ;

We, Edward L. Gref, George D. Hulst,: John B. Smith, Berthold
Neumcegen, Charles W. Leng and Christopher H. Roberts, all of full
age, citizens of the United States and of the State of New York, do here-
by certify that we desire to form a Society pursuant to the provisions of
an act entitled ‘‘An Act for the Incorporation of benevolent, charitable,
scientificand missionary Societies”, ier April 12, 1848, and the several
acts extending and amending said act.

_ That the corporate name of said Society shall be the ‘Brooklyn
Entomological Society”.

That the object, for which the Society is to be formed, is the ad-
vancement of the science of Entomology i in all its branches. ee A

That the term of the existence of said Society i is to be fifty years.

That the number of trustees that shall manage the affairs of the
Society i is seven and they shall be termed the Executive Committee.

That the names of the trustees or members of the Executive Com-
mittee who shall manage the affairs of the Society, for the first year of its
corporate existence are: Edward L. Gref, Fredk. Tepper, George D.

‘Hulst, Henry Edwards, Berthold Neumcegen, ligne B. Smith and Christ-

opher H. Roberts.

That the name of the City and County in 1 which the operations of
said Society are to be carried on, are the City, of Brooklyn and County
of Kings.

In Witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands this 13th oe
of January 1885.

_Epw. L. Grazr, Gro. D. Hutst, Joun B. Situ,
BrerTHOLD Neumorcen, Cuas. W. Lene, CurisTopHeR EH. Ropers.

STATE OF NEW YORK,
CITY OF BROOKLYN, SS,
COUNTY OF KINGS.

On this 13th day of January 1885, before me peels came and “appeared
Edward L. Greef, George D. Hulst and John B. Smith to me known to be three of the
individuals described in and who executed the foregoing certificate, and they severally
before me signed the said certificate and acknowledged that they executed the same
for the purposes therein mentioned.

Rs ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS,
Notary Public, Kings County.

154 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VU. March & April 18852)

STATE OF NEW YORK,
CITY AND COUNTY OF NEW YORK.

On the 16th day of January, 1885, before me personally came Berthold Neumoe-
gen, and on the 23d day of January, 1885, before me personally came Charles W..
Leng, and on the 26th day of January, 1885, before me personally came Christopher
‘H. Roberts to me personally known and known to me to be three of the individuals”
described in and who executed the foregoing certificate and severally acknowledged to.
me that they executed the same for the uses and purposes therein expressed.

ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS,

Notary Pulbic, Kings County.
Certificate filed in New York County.

( ENDORSEMENT,)

{, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the District in which the prin-
cipal office of the Brooklyn Entomological Society is to be located do
hereby approve in all respects of the within certificate of incorporation of
said Society, and consent that the same be filed pursuant to law.

ae Brooklyn, January 27, 1885.

EDGAR M. CULLEN,

Je Ss

STATE. OF NEW YORK. |.
COUNTY OF KINGS. 5

I, Rodney Thursby, Clerk of the County of Kings, and Clerk of the Supreme
Court of the State of New York, in and for said County (said Court being a Court of
Record) do hereby certify, that I have compared the annexed with the original certi-
ficate of Incorporation of ‘‘Brooklyn Entomological Society’’ filed and recorded in
my office January 27, 1885, and that the same is a true transcript thereof and of the
whole of such original. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed
the seal ofsaid County and Court, this 27th day of January, 1885..

RODNEY THURSBY,
(L. S.) Clerk.
STAT OF NEW. YORK. :
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE,

I have compared the preceding with the original Certificate of Incorporation of
Brooklyn Entomological Society with acknowledgment thereto annexed filed and re-
corded in this office on the 27th day of January, 1885, and do hereby certify
the same to be a correct transcript therefrom and of the whole of the said original.

Witness my hand and the seal of office of the Secretary of State,
(L. S.) at the City of Albany this 27th day of January, one thousand
eight hundred and eighty-five.
JOSEPH B. CARR,

Secretary of State.

{March & April 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL, VII... 155

The following is a list of those who have subscribed as original mem-
ers or indicated their intention so to do.*

G. W. J. Angell. Alwin Gottweiss. q Christ. H. Roberts.
Wm. Beuttenmuller. Edw. L. Gref. Stephen P. Sammis.
A.W. Putman Cramer. 4H. Herper. ~ L. C. Schenk.

Jacob Doll. Geo. D. Hulst. _ W. Schenk.

Chas. A. A. Duering. Chas. W. Leng. F. M. Schwensen.
Henry Edwards. M. L. Linell. John B. Smith.

S. L. Elliot. A. Luetgens. F. A. Stinner.

Geo. Frank. Jul. Eduard Meyer. Fredk. Tepper.
Chas. Fuchs. Julius Mohns. Wm. Waters.

Geo. Gade. B. Neumoegen. : Archibald ©. Weeks.
Chas. F. Gaul. Richd. F. Pearsall.

BY-LAWS OF THE
BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

ARTICLE I.
Or MeEmBERs.

Sec..1. The society shall consist of ordinary, life, corresponding
and honorary members, The ordinary and life members only shall be
members of the corporation, and shall be entitled to vote, hold office and
transact business.

Sec. 2. Corresponding and honorary members shall be entitled to
all other priveleges of ordinary and life members, but shall not be sub-
ject to fees or dues.

Sec. 3. All members shall be entitled to all the publications of the
Society and to all other advantages save as above specified.

Sec. 4. Honorary members may be elected on motion of any life
or ordinary member at any stated meeting of the Society; but no person
shall be elected as such, unless he has attained a recognized high rank
in Entomological Science, or has done some act materially furthering
the progress of Entomology or of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

Sec. 5. Corresponding members may be elected at any stated
meeting of the society, on like motion as in the case of honorary mem-
bers; and any person not a resident of the United States from whom the
society receives benefits in the way of additions to its library, or in any
other material way, is eligible as such member.

* A few others are still to be heard’ from.

156 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VU. March & April 1885. ]

Sec. 6. Ordinary and life members may be proposed by an ordinary
or life member of the society at any stated. meeting, but shall not be
elected until the next stated meeting, except upon motion of some per-
son other than the proposer, and upon unanimous consent of those
present. A three-fourths vote of those members present is Hegre. to elect
a member of any class.

Sec. 7. Any person regularly elected: may become a life inset
by the payment of fifty dollars in money, or in what the society shall
consider an equivalent thereto, and he.shall not be subject to any, further
dues or assessments; nor shall he be: required to pay an initiation fee, if
originally proposed as a life member.

Sec. 8. Ordinary members shall. on > sesh pay an initiation fee of
two dollars, and annual dues to an amount not exceeding six dollars,
payable in equal monthly instalments; but no dues shall be charged for
the month, in which he is.elected. The dues shall. be six dollars per
annum until reduced by a resolution of the society, passed as prescribed
by law for a change of by-laws. a

Sec. 9. Members six months in arrear shall be notified by the
Treasurer, and if such indebteduess continue for three months thereafter,
such:member shall upon one month’s previous notice in writing be drop-
‘ped: from ithe roll ofthe Society, unless. the. executive .committee, : for
reasons doomed sufficient by them, accord a iqper extension of time.

ARTICLE IL.

Or Orricers AND THEIR pe asiais . i OM Rah cae

Sec. 1. The affairs of the society shall be managed by an Executive
Committee of seven, of which the President and Treasurer of the society
shall be ex-officio 1 members. The executive committee, shall be elected
each year at the annual meeting, and shall hold office for one year, or
until their successors are elected. Vacancies by death, resignation or
otherwise may be filled at any stated meeting, and the person elected to
- fill a vacancy shall hold office only during the unexpired term of the
_ person in whose place he was elected. The executive committee shall
have charge of all the property of the society, and shall audit all bills, and
transact all business relating to the society and not otherwise provided
for, The vote of a majority of all the members of the committee shall
be necessary to authorize any expenditures of money, or other disposi-
tion of property belonging to the society. Bit se

{March & April 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM: SOC. VOL. VII. 157

Sec. 2. The other officers shall be a President, Vice President, a
Corresponding Secretary, a Recording Secretary, a Treasurer, a Curator,
a Librarian and a Publication Committee; all of whom shall be elected
by ballot at the annual meeting, and serve one year, or until their suc-
cessors are elected, Vacancies by death, resignation or otherwise may
be filled at any stated meeting for the unexpired term only. In case for
any reason officers can not be elected at the annual meeting, they may
be elected at the next, or any future stated meeting, and the officers of
the preceding year shall hold over until their successors are elected. A
majority vote of those present and voting shall be requisite for election.

Sec. 3. The President, or in his absence the Vice President, shall
preside at the meetings of the society and perform all other duties usually
appertaining to that office. The President shall also be ex-officio chair-
man of the executive committee.

Sec. 4. The corresponding Secretary shall conduct and preserve
the correspondence of the society. |

Sec. 5. The recording Secretary shall keep a book containing an
accurate record of the transactions of the Society. Such book shall al-
ways be open to the inspection of members of the society.

Sec. 6. The Treasurer’shall have charge of and shall be authorized
to receive all moneys belonging or due to the society, and pay all proper
claims against it, after they have been audited by the executive com-
mittee. He shall have power to deposit moneys in any Banking Insti-
tution selected by the executive committee, in the name of the society,
and shall have power to draw checks, sign receipts and do ali necessary
acts relating to the proper management and care of the moneys of the
society, He shall keep an accurate record of his transactions in a
book, which shall always be open to the inspection of members and shall
report monthly upon the state of the assets and liabilities.

Sec. 7. The Librarian and Curator shall respectively have charge
of the library and collection of the society.

ARTICEE TIL.
Or MEETINGs.

Sec. 1. The stated meetings shall be held on the first Tuesday of
each month, and its annual meeting on the first Tuesday after the first
Monday in January.

Sec. 2, Special meetings may, and on the written request of five
members shall be called by the President at any time, at least three days
notice thereof being sent to each member. -

158 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. March & April 1885.)

Sec. 3. Seven members shall constitute a quorum for. the trans-
action of business.

Sec, 4. The order of business at stated meetings sam be as follows:

Reading and action on the minutes of the previous meeting.
Reports of Officers and Committees.
Proposals and Elections.

Donations to Cabinet and Library.
Written communications.

Verbal communications.

Unfinished business.

Informal discussion—on motion.
New business.

Scientific discussion,

Adjournment.

OS OI AUV EWN A

— nl
i

ARTIGER LW.
PUBLICATIONS.

Sec. 1. The publications of the society shall he managed by a
committee to consist of four members and the editor or editors for the
time being. They shall be elected at the annual meeting in the same way
as are the other officers and shall hold office for one year, or until their
successors are elected.

-ec. 2. An editor or editors shall be elected annually by the society
at the stated meeting held previous to the termination of the current
volume, who shall, subject to the control of the publication committee
have charge of the society’s publications, and shall hold office until his
or their successor or successors is or are elected. He or they shall be
members of the publication committee, and one of them shall be selected
by the committee as chairman. He, or if more than one, either of them,
may at any time call a meeting of the committee,

Sec. 3. The society shall support and publish a monthly Journal to
be called Entomologica Americana, which shall contain the proceedings
of the society, and such matter on general and special Entomology as
the publication committee shall order printed.

Sec. 4. To support such Journal a publication fund shall be estab-
lished by the society, which shall consist of: 1st, Voluntary contributions;
2nd, The money proceeds of Life Memberships; 3d, Surplus revenue,
after paying current expenses; among which is to be considered the cost
of publishing the current volume in each year.

{March & April 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 159

Sec. 5. The principal of this fund shall remain intact, and shall be

‘invested by the Treasurer, under the direction of the executive commit-
' tee. The interest of the fund shall annually be added to the principal

until the limit hereinafter specified is reached, unless the same is declar-
ed by the publication committee to be necessary to pay any part of the
deficit arising from the publication of the Journal.

Sec. 6. The amount of the publication fund shall be limited to ten
thousand dollars. Whenever that limit is reached the sums otherwise to
be applied to it shall be applied to the library and collections of the
society, or in such other manner as the society shall determine.

Sec. 7. Whenever the income of the publication fund shall exceed
in amount the difference between the amount of subscriptions received
and the cost of publishing the journal of the society, then the latter shall
be enlarged to such an extent as the surplus shall warrant, or the surplus
shall be used in such other publications as the society snall devide to
issue.

Sec. 8. The Journal, Entomologica Americana, shall be issued
monthly and twelve numbers shall constitute a volume. ‘The numbers
during the first year shall average twenty pages, and in future years such
number as the sums applicable to the payment of current volumes shall
authorize.

Sec. 9. Current volumes of the journal shall be paid for:——first,
By subscriptions; second, The ordiaary revenue of the society, after de-
ducting the necessary expenses authorized by the executive committee;
third, By donations for that purpose.

AR TIGWICN:

By-Laws.

These by-laws are adopted pursuant to the provisions of the statutes
under'which this society is incorporated, and alterations or amendments
shall not be made except in accordance with said statutes. Any alteration
or amendment must be proposed in writing at a stated meeting, and shall
not be acted upon until the next stated meeting. A three-fourth vote of
all the members present and voting shall be necessary to carry any
amendment.

bes AEN
a eA Na res
* +h inte 5

INDE Xx TesZeb vit

+> © «ae

Blanchard, Frederick. PAGE
Table of Balaninus............... Sa he Dik 'o SUSU OC E.e Care AED Oe oe 106
Note on the species of Gaurotes............+.2. eee veer cece teen ee oes 108 —

POON NOCIOES es oss oc dccsic ei Wiweiv igs wie line cies 12, 79, 106, 126, 151
Casey, Thos. L.

Notes on Coleoptera................-.--- RRR One Sic tEN UBER eros Bat 53 64
Clarkson, Frederick.

ISOWS On BNW Ss2is Wao as how HAA aM ODT AS o5.c Oe Hee Groce coca ciao ole / 124
Cramer, A. W. P.

Cin, joewerabie lniyEde 5 See ee bes Jen bb ood See boneen SenomABocrnan GoD mee c 93

(Constitution and by-laws of the Society.)......... 2 2.2.2.2... see ees 155
Doll, J.

Note on Dynastes.............,.-..- Mpa aa) vatevemsietaensiey ie SiMspeng resets 120
Editorial Notes............. ..-.--.-s2 5) cee eee eee eee 79, 125
Entomological Club of A. A. A. 8.

JP ROOSSw hier Cri (CMOSHENOD oonocb suas. ecdocbouoscuu ener Ube oCaaSDCdOoc 84
Fuchs, Chas.

labia Copal eyornbayer Ole lkerennayee AE Bae gn acdc coanpSooonumode Boeedaao nue 6

Collection Note gaa ye ects pace ccc eter memes bees pers siei veesteee eal 126
Horn, Geo. H., M. D.

Notes’ on some Staphylinidae: -.....2.2..-----.cse0 22s SER ate See 121
Hulst, Geo. D.

ipberronus | Catocall aerate cies. sare depambecs setet eke os) arc lelals sera emieiw ates 14

SV MOpsesfOL epic oOPUSKeeac-is «| <1 eee fi seeere cael en Sater 101, 109

Spilosoma latipennis........... Beda oS Os 45.3 0 AAO HRC ae ae are cic 120
Jones, Alfred W.

Noteston’ the habits ot) Cicindelidw@. 22s esseess42- 22s ..ssssssnss> cesses 74
Leng, Charles W.

Synopses of Cerambycidae —vide list of genera. Miscellaneous Notes..... 76
WeEtTtEUS tO. EL Gitar, 5.0 ese s See ters isie nis Mi cistess « wicie & sxelemiers 122
Mann, B. Pickman.

‘1N1n@ THN ALORe) OLAS shel avs a iaeetee ts NG: cnss co 3. CoP RN Re I ae 122
Reinecke, O.

Noteroner bybonomus Opimus...: cee aaa we oo eee Sia 76
Riley, Chas. V.

ENCHOMIY Cie DEL cor EUs Seis = «12 aici) eae MEIER aoe Css Sls Ses lace alles eterets 2

Dee wAmsechiaygMcious tO Wheat. oqo saeeeen lok « o.s «ae aan snes els 111

Note sonmiihiyssacs. 2.2... . 25.3.5. 58s 3{c.olb ccd Ce LC ERENT DOI SION SE Cerin 123

INDEX.

Roberts, Chris. H.

Collection: Notes: 10 is vies Ba ghemy get: cee Ni rat sO ee 77
Schwarz, E. A.

Notes on the food habits of some N. A. Rhynchophora................ 84.
Smith, John B.

New, Speciesof Noctuidae ii ).vui)cdaggectn cece) ee ee eee 3

An introduction to a classification s: the N. A. Vepelguaee . 70, 81, 141

Dynastessagaims a tik ie. 's caceitniaee: erdie le tale fe Seu 161
SOCICEY INGNUGE 260i wea AN itm tes Sa es 68, 103, 105, 127, 139

Williston, Dr., S. W.
On the classification of North American Diptera (first paper, Syrphidee) 129

et ee

IND LOS 2 NOLS Aaa

LEPIDOPTERA. :
Chionobas (Hulst).............. 109 Coenonympha (Hulst)........... 101
; COLEOPTERA.*
INGHIVSOM Ge cide crisis seo ciabesias 117 Homaesthesis.. 2.45.0 eee ov
JNSSTETTUTT SS Min a ld Gero rea 62 Elvlotrupes. . |. 2). 98
SRE ge ais no a eee 118 Malacopterus. /...s02.u. ee Por: 115
Balaninus ‘Blanchard).......... 106 Mallodon (Horn). Core eee en
COPAY MSc cet ol lacces oss a2. ch LOR Notorhine, 3.405 ee eke eee 63
@iulliliondlies se a ee a ecpietes 61 Oeme' ic: cecc eee. ae e 116
Callidiwme ee ss... : ire Aas MENON 112 OjosimiUs:<.j5u eeeeee BUST Se ne oOo
Ceram yiCwigel he «cic mies lees 60 Orthosoma... °°. sie ede eee 11
@eramibycimitnie -ccemadee . : 114 Osmiduss, 025603 Sce ae 119
Cerambycoides.............-+-- 14 Byam etod eS 2.505% .e bees oe 98
Criocephalus (Leconte).......... 63 Physocnemumis:. )-.css. 26 Serer 0) 1)
Werobrachusy se cawaces << 10 Prioninae®.:. 825.4 - Sas eee 7
PMCS MELUS citar) leet GIS ere si see's 96 Prionusi2essne ace Meer ss oc - 57
Mery OW UWS to eeu dor eres oes s intalece 117 ~=Rhopalopus....... Mee as, 97
PlacerOPSISc ace ci-lskelsieyake wen 27 e< 60 Smodicum........ recede See ae 96
Mirgates. .24..2-.. 2: Paar eee clever 8 . Sphenostethus................0% 60
TDINGEOSEDIE. Soin Gn mates cau emma ene 116 Stenodontes...............-.--- &
Gonocallisine si verececss< «lo. 230 97 Stromatium.......... a ce 119
Gracilign eee 0.0}: Pee eee JIS <-: Petropium:.. 22. eee Pi 5
itammiaticWerus):... 22-2 ..c-+:~ 118 Tragosome. . eee. eck Oe 59
IST y OLIGNTSS + eo cpeiiale Se bs aceon 117 XMylOCHUS) Ae a. 8s nee 113
cies Sa Sh ans

Page 30 under category 23, for “present” read ‘‘wanting” on first line. On sec-
ond line, for “wanting” read ‘‘present’’.
‘ 65 insert after the description of ZL. tabacinus, the locality Arizona,
“ 66 9th line from bottom for Laferte, read La Ferté.

“ 66 7th By ee My localition, read localities.
oe Gia lOtihny ame top “ fully, read feebly.

83) 20ths |“ “¢ first word for 25 read 22.

GG tof) dina, «BS ‘¢ for ‘‘wigs” read ‘‘twigs”’.

“111 for ‘‘Isosoma grandis” read ‘‘Isosoma eiande”.
‘¢ 121 line 22, for ‘‘is there” read ‘‘there is’.

* Where no authority is specified, Mr. Chas. W. Leng is understood. The ~
synopses of families and genera are adopted from the ‘‘Classification”.

1317

wiiiniiin

3 pals 01262 6560