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BULEB TINS

OF

AMERICAN

PALBONTOLOGY

WO

EQS) am 2 oct

Paleontological Research Institution,

Ithaca, New York
U.S.A.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME XxX

Bulletin No. Plates Pages

69. Contributions to the Paleontology of Northern

Peru; the Cretaceous of the Amotape Re-
gion
Bye Axel A Olssoni 20 =o adie? id 1-11 1-104

70A. Some Tertiary Foraminifera from the Northern
Coast of Cuba

By Wade Ho Hadley, Jr 2222 Seoteo cae ING 105-144
70B. Eocene Corals, Part 1, from Cuba, Part 2 from

Texas.

By John W. Wells ~ __ Cay pee ees ae 17-19 145-164

70C. Some Cretaceous and Tertiary Echinoids of

Cuba.
By Norman E. Weisbord shes eer 20-28 165-268

BULLETINS

OF

AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY

Vol. 20

No. 69

Contributions to the Paleontology of Northern Peru :

The Creteceous of the Amotape Region

By

AxEL A. OLSSON

March 15, lo34

Paleontological Research Institution,

Ithaca, New York
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99

Diagonally lined areas show the outcrop of mountain rocks consisting of

Lobitos

Que. Parinas

| Negritos

1. Pan de Azucar near La Brea. 4° 36/8. Lat., 81° 6” 30/7 W. Long.

2. Quebrada Monte Grande and vicinity. 4° 287 30/78. Lat.
81° 4/W. Long.

3. Quebrada Muerto, Upper Parinas

4. Kegion of Quebrada Pazuil, north of the Pananga fault

5

5. Region of Copa Sombrero in upper Quebrada Leonora and Saman.

6. Playa Tortugas (Gerth)
7. Actaeonellen-Hippurtenkalkstein of Gerth
8. Sphenodiscus Schichten of Gerth

granite and Upper Pennsylvanian slates and other metamorphics.

Sketch map of a part of the Paita and Amotape region of
northern Peru, showing the a

pproximate location of outcrops of Cretaceous
rocks.

Il.

Ill.

IV.

CONTENTS

MGTLERONUINCMON 6 Sos gue doomaonasoouo os eD edn sono oon 6
SUPATIGARAOIIY Sooo noe duoc dogonapeousacomnanpodeggadcns
1, Adin: IPAs, TROMIMENMON saad oaanovomsosoucosobonooos
2. The Copa Sombrero formation .............+---+----
3. Whe Clavuling ‘shales {35.26 le aoe sels © sys ee
4. The Monte Grande formation

Age and Correlation

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eeliaticjeneiis) (altel viel e\lsiielieteletceiienenemsenene: (@keae legen ssells

Systematic description and illustration of some Cretaceous

fossils from North-West Peru.

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INTRODUCTION

Of the sedimentary rocks which take part in the building of
the Peruvian Andes, particularly of the central and western
Cordillera, those of Cretaceous age have the most important
development. This fact was first made known by Humboldt*
who in 1802 with his two companions, Bonpland and Montufar,
travelled extensively through the Andean region of southern
Ecuador and northern Peru. The account of this journey which
resulted in so many important scientific discoveries, is a classic
in the annals of South American Geology and the part dealing
with Humboldt’s observations on the Cretaceous region of
northern Peru is here quoted. “We remained for seventeen
days in the hot valley of the Upper Maranon or Amazons. In
order to pass from thence to the shores of the Pacific, the Andes
have to be crossed at the point where, between Micuipampa and
Caxamarca (in 6° 57’ S. Lat. and 78° 34’ W. Long. from Green-
wich), they are intersected according to my observations, by the
magnetic equator. Ascending to still higher elevation among the
mountains, the celebrated silver mines of Chota are reached, and
from thence with few interruptions the route descends until the
low ground of Peru are gained; passing intermediately over the
ancient Caxamarca, where 316 years ago the most sanguinary
drama in the annals of the Spanish Conquista took place, and also
over Aroma and Gangamarca. Here, as almost everywhere in
the Chain of the Andes and in the Mexican mountains, the most
elevated parts are picturesquely marked by tower-like outbreaks
of porphyry (often columnar) and trachyte. Masses of this
kind give to the crest of the mountains sometimes a cliff-like
and precipitous, and sometimes a dome-shaped character. They
have here broken through calcareous rocks, which, both on this
and on the northern side of the equator, are largely developed;
and which, according to Leopold von Buch’s researches, belong
to the Cretaceous group. Between Guambos and Montan, 12000
French (12,790 English) feet above the sea, we found marine
1Humboldt, 1808, Ansichten der Natur. English translation by Mrs. Sabin

as Aspects of Nature in different lands and different climates: The

Plateau of Caxamarca the ancient capital of the Inca Atahuallpa and The
first view of the Pacific Ocean from the crest of the Andes: pp. 281-283,

4 BULLETIN 69 4

fossils, (Ammonites nearly fifteen English inches in diameter,
the large Pecten alatus, oyster shells, Echini, Isocardias, and
Exogyra polygona). A species of Cidaris, which according to
Leopold von Buch, cannot be distinguished from that which
Brongniart found in the lower part of the chalk series at the
Perte du Rhone, was collected by us, both at Tomependa in the
basin of the Amazon and at Micuipampa,—stations of which the
elevations differ g900 (1055°) English feet. - - - - Abrich’s ex-
cellent observations in the Caucasus would thus appear to have
confirmed in the most brilliant manner, Leopold von Buch’s
geological views on the mountain development of the cretaceous
group.” The fossils collected along this route together with
some others obtained in Colombia, were the first fossil remains
brought from South America to Europe but it remained until
1839 before they were described and figured by von Buch.
Von Buch considered the entire collection as Cretaceous but
Pecten alatus is now known to be a Lower Jurassic species.

The field studies of D’Orbigny? and Forbes® deal principally
with the geology of southern Peru, Chile and Bolivia but
D’Orbigny likewise described a number of Cretaceous fossils
from Colombia, collected by Boussingault, some of which also
occur in northern Peru. While serving as Geologist on the
Wilkes Expedition, Professor Dana* had the opportunity to
collect a few fossils from the Lower Cretaceous beds exposed
in the cliffs of San Lorenzo island near Callao. These included
a Turbo, Trigonia Lorentti and Nautilus tenui-planatus. The
cast of an Ammonite (4. Pickeringi Dana) was obtained by Dr.
Pickering near the head of the Chancay valley at an elevation of
15,000 feet. These fossils together with two, unnamed forms
from Trujilla (a large oyster which is probably Ostrea Nicaisei
and an Ammonite) were described in the appendix to Dana’s

monumental work on Geology, forming volume 10 of the —
Wilkes Exploration.

2D’Orbigny, 1842, Voyage dans Amérique méridionale. 3. Géologie pp.
1-289, vol. 4, Paleontologie pp. 1-188.
“Forbes, 1861, Reports on the Geology of South America, Pt. 1. Bolivia
and southern Peru. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soce., vol. 17, pp. 1-84.
4Dana, 1849, Geology of the United States exploring expedition under the
porns of Ch. Wilkes during 1838-1842, Geology, vol. 10, pp. 1-756
1 pls,

5 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 5

To this period also belongs the work of Dr. Antonio Raimondi
covering a space of nearly 50 years of systematic research on
the geography and topography of Peru. Raimondi made impor-
tant observations on geology, incorporating most of this infor-
mation on his maps and he apparently used the fossils he collect-
ed as a guide in determining the age and distribution of the sedi-
mentary formations. He sent his fossils to Wm. Gabb® for de-
scription, accompanying them with a letter in which he gave a
concise and interesting outline of the geographic distribution of
the sedimentary formations in Peru. According to his idea,
Cretaceous together with Jurassic and Triassic rocks are princi-
pally distributed in the Western Cordillera while the Eastern
Cordillera is of greater age and composed mainly of schists and
older rocks.

The collection obtained by Raimondi was described and figured
in 1877 by Wm. Gabb*®. Gabb seldom ventured an opinion on the
age of the scattered collections and in most cases he simply stated
the age of the beds according to the opinion of Raimondi.

It is principally through the research of Steinmann and his
associates that we owe most of our general knowledge of the
geology of the Andean region, these studies being embodied in a
series of papers entitled, Beitraége zur Geologie und Paleontologie
von Stidamerika. Steinmann’s’ first paper appeared in 1881 and
dealt with the description of a collection of fossils from the so-
called coal-bearing formation of Pariatambo. They were deter-
mined as indicating an Albian age while Gabb had previously
considered this horizon as Liassic. These faunas were further
studied by Gerhardt® (1897) and by Schlagintweit® (1911) and

5Gabb, 1867, Letter from Sr. Don Antonio Raimondi, of Lima, Peru to
Wm. Gabb. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., vol. 3, pp. 359-360.

6Gabb. 1877, Description of a collection of fossils, made by Dr. Antonio
Raimondi of Peru. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 2nd ser., vol. 8, pp. 262-
336, pls. 35-43.

7Steinmann, 1881, Uber Tithon und Kreide in den peruanischen Anden.
N. Jahrb. Min. ete., vol. 2, pp. 130-153, pls. 6-8.

8Gerhardt, 1897, Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Kreideformation in Venezuela
und Peru. Beitr. z. Geol. u. Pal. v. Sidamerika, N. Jahrb. Min. etc. BB.
BB. vol. 11, pp. 65-117, 2 pls.

aSighlastiasnelt, 1911, Die Fauna des Vracon und Cenoman in Beru, op. cit.,
vol. 38, pp. 43-135, pls. 5-7.

8 BULLETIN 69 6

Sommermeir’® (1910, 1913). Schlagintweit proved the exten-
sive distribution of the black shales and bituminous limestones
of the Pariatambo horizon in the Andean region of northern
South America. As this fauna seemed to show both Upper
Albian and Lower Cenomanian affinities, it was referred to the
Vranconnian stage of Renevier. Schlaginwelt insisted on the
dissimilarity of the Chilian-Argentine Cretaceous fauna from
that of northern Peru, arguing that the two regions had been
separated by a transverse land mass. He also showed that the
Middle Cretaceous or Cenomanian sea was principally regressive
in the Peruvian region. Sommermeier papers which appeared in
two parts, added further to our knowledge of the Albian fauna in
Peru as well as of the underlying limestones characterized by
Knemiceras and certain other species common to the Upper
Aptian of Europe. The above papers which dealt principally
with the paleontology of the Apt-Gault complex were supple-
mented by other contributions of the same series, such as the
studies of Neumann™, Brtiggen’®, Paulcke® and Fritze'* which
extended our knowledge to the Lower and Upper Cretaceous
measures.

Other collections of Cretaceous fossils, principally from the
Trujillo region have been described by Liithy"®, Douville*® and
Basset’. Drs. Bravo and Lisson of Lima, have contributed
several papers with description and illustration of Cretaceous
species while Lisson’s® Checklist is a storehouse of valuable data

10Sommereier, 1910, Die Fauna des Aptien und Albien im nordlichen Peru,
op. cit.. vol. 30, pp. 318-382, Pls. 7-15: also 1913, op. Gite, WOll, BG; ith -
370-412, pls. 14-15.

11Neumann, 1907, Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Kreideformation in Mittel-
Peru, op. cit., vol. 24, pp. 69-132, pls. 1-5.

12Britiggen, 1910, Die Fauna des unteren Senons von Nord-Peru, op. cit.,
vol. 30, pp. 717-788, pls. 25-29.

18Paulcke, 1903, Uber die Kreideformation in Sitidamerika und deren
Beziehingen zu andered Gebieten, op. Git. vols Ii, pps 252-012). plsenlib=dli7e

\tFritzsche, 1923, Neue Kreidefaunen aus Stidamerika, op. cit., vol. 50,
pp. 1-56, 313-334, pls. 1-4.

*Lithy, 1918, Beitrag zur Geologie und Palaentologie von Peru, Abhand-
lungen der Schweizerischen paleeontologisehen Gesellschaft vol. 43.

16Douville, 1906, Sur des Ammonites du Crétacé Sud-Americain. Annales
de la Société Royale zoologique et malacologique de Belgique. vol. 41, pp.
142-155, pls. 1-4.

7Basse, 1928, Quelques Invertébres crétacés de la Cordillére andine,
Bull. Soe. Geol. France, 4th series, vol. 28, pp. 113-147, pls. 7, 8.

isLisson, 1917, Edad de los Fosiles Peruanos y Distribucion de sus De-
positos, 2nd Eddition,

7 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 7

on the regional and stratigraphic occurrence of Peruvial fossils.
The most recent contribution is that of Gerth'®, describing 4
small collection of Cretaceous fossi's from the Paita region. As
the Paita mountains are geologically related to the Amotapes,
the work of Gerth will be considered at greater length elsewhere
in this paper.

In addition to the above papers which are principally paleon-
tological in character, regional studies by the geologists of the
Peruvian Bureau of Mines have made known the character and
areal distribution of the Cretaceous formations in many parts of
Peru. Sievers”, during his reconnaissance in northern Peru, in
part re-examined the geology along the route travelled by Hum-
boldt while Stappenbeck’s?! work in the Chicama district is a
study of a critical region which has a most important bearing
on the structure of the Western Cordillera and the geology of
the Andean geosyncline in northern Peru.

The Peruvian Cretaceous attains its most complete develop-
ment in the Andes of northern and central Peru or in the region
extending from Cajatambo or Cerro de Pasco to Cajamarca.
The continuation of these formations northward into southern
Ecuador is still poorly known, our geologic knowledge of this
region being principally limited to the line of traverse made by
Sievers from Chiclayo througth Ayabaca to Loja. In the Ter-
tiary region of northwestern Peru extending from about 7 de-
grees South Latitude to the Ecuadorian border near Tumbez at
3° 30’ South Latitude and west of the 80 degree of Longitude,
outcroppings of Cretaceous rocks resting on a floor of Pennsyl-
vanian metamorphics (the Amotape slate) and granites have
been observed at several localities and they probably lie buried
beneath the coastal Tertiaries over a large area. Their exposures
are usually small and represent merely erosional remnants around
the margins of the Amotape and Paita mountains. Somewhat
larger areas have been found in parts of Quebrada Parinas,

19Gerth, 1928, Neue Faunen der oberen Kreide mit Hippuriten aus Nord-
Peru, Leidsche Geologische Mededeelingen, Deel 2, Afl. 4 V 1928, pp.
231-241, 4 figures.

20Sievers, 1914, Reise in Peru und Ecuador, ausgefuhrt 1909, Leipzig.

21Stappenbeck, 1929, Geologie des Chicamatals in Nordperu und seiner
Antracitlagerstaten, Geologische und Palaeontologische Abhandlungen,
Neue Folge, Band 16, Heft. 4.

8 BULLETIN 69 8

Pazuil and the Chira river valleys while large masses of Cre-
taceous limestones occur in a rubble zone or mud-flow in the
Eocene rocks of Quebrada Culebra near Caleto Mero. Boulders
of Cretaceous limestone containing Jmoceramus have also been
observed in the Eocene conglomerates which form the Chanduy
hills on the Santa Elema peninsula of Ecuador. |

Bosworth”? in his Geology of Northwest Peru, gives only a
very brief mention of the pre-Tertiary formations. He referred
two groups of rocks to the Mesozoic, the Pananga limestones to
the Cretaceous and a Tablones group questionably considered as
Jurassic. Pananga is the name of a small settlement or hacienda
situated near the divide between Quebrada Pazuil and Quebrada
Leonora on the trail leading from Muerto to Sullana. This re-
gion is crossed by a large Northwest-Southeast trending fault
system (the Pananga fault) along which a large area of Creta-
ceous rocks have been downfaulted on the north side while the
higher mountains on the south side are composed of slates and
granite. The Pananga limestone is described as a member of
which one portion is a hard limestone made up mainly of a large
cypraea or similar shell (Actaeonella and Peruvia) two or three
inches long, accompanied by some other gasteropods, lamelli-
branchis and ammonites. The rocks to which Bosworth gave
the name of the Tablones group is not definitely known. The
Tablones ridge forms the watershed between Quebrada Pazuil
and Rio Chira but the geology of this region is not known.

Dr. J. Bravo?* during a visit to northern Peru in 1921, collect-
ed a few Pennsylvanian and Cretaceous fossils from the rocks
exposed along Quebrada Muerto in the upper part of the Parinas
valley. Bravo made special mention of the physical and faunal
resemblance of these rocks with those of the Cretaceous deposits
of the south but his stratigraphic section is incorrect as he shows
the light colored limestone with Actaeonella as lying above the
black shales and limestones with /noceramus. This interpreta-
tion is the opposite of the true condition as the Actaeonella and
Nerinea limestones are the older and are overlain by bituminous

22Bosworth, 1922, Geology of the Tertiary and Quaternary periods in the
North-West part of Peru, pp. 147, 151.

23Bravo, 1921, Reconocimiento de la region costanera de los Departa-
mentos de Tumbes y Piura. Archivos de la Associacion Peruana por
el Progreso de la Ciencia, Lima. vol. 1.

9 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 9

limestone and black shales. Dr. Bravo was doubtless misled by
the faulted character of the rocks and in part by confusing cer-
tain dark-colored Pennsylvanian slates with the younger Greta-
ceous shales. The fossils collected by Bravo were submitted to
Steinmann who noted them in his Geologie von Pert and they
were later more fully studied by Gerth.

In connection with our geological studies devoted principally
to the investigation of the Tertiary formations of northern Peru,
some opportunities were also found for the examination of the
older rocks. A brief statement of results of these studies, was
presented in a paper by Iddings and Olsson** in 1928, in which
the Cretaceous rocks were divided into three groups or forma-
tions. Further studies have shown the need of a slight revision
of this section and the addition of a black shale formation lying
directly beneath the Monte Grande formation and separated from
the Copa Sombrero shales by a middle series of hard sandstones
and conglomerates.

- In 1928, there appeared an important paper by H. Gerth” of
the Leyden Museum on some Cretaceous fossils collected by the
geologists of the Bataafsche Petroleum Company in the Amotape
and Paita regions. The localities near Paita are ‘found princi-
pally on the southern and eastern slopes of the Silla de Paita, an
isolated group of slate and granite mountains which rise above
the barren tablazo plain of the Sechura desert. These outcrops
are not personally known to me and since their fauna has not
been fully described or figured, some uncertainty exists as to
their correlation with the Cretaceous section of the Amotape
region. Gerth recognized three groups. Localities 1 and 3 have
an unmistakable Upper Cretaceous fauna and should be correlat-
ed with the Monte Grande group but may be a little older than
the typical Monte Grande sandstones and conglomerates. The
age of the Actaeonellen-Rudistoid limestone of Locality 2 is
more uncertain. Gerth considers this fauna as Upper Cretaceous
principally from the evidence of the Rudistid Pironaea but if

24Iddings and Olsson, 1928, Geology of Northwest Peru, Bull. Am. Ass.
Petroleum Geologist, vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 8, 9.

25Gerth, 1928, Neue Faunen der oberen Kreide mit Hippuriten aus Nord-
tee Leidsche Geologische Medeelingen, Deel 2, Afl. 4, V 1928, pp.
31-241.

10 BULLETIN 69 10

Actaeonella (Volvulina) cf. laevis should prove to be the same
as the common species in the Pananga limestone (A. peruviana
n. sp.) a Lower Cretaceous age would be indicated. Gerth’s
grouping of the Cretaceous of Paita is as follows:

1. Graue Sandsteine und konglomeratische Breccien der
Playa Tortugas. Playa Tortugas is a small fishing port on the
southwest side of the Silla de Paita and approximately 22 kilo-
meters nearly due south of Paita. The deposit is described as
being formed of broken down older rocks derived from the Silla
de Paita after the removal of the cementing material. The fauna
is characterized by large, thick-shelled bivalves, the following
species being recorded.

Trigonia créenulata var. peruana Paulcke

Roudaireia Drui Munier Chalmas

Cyprina aff. Ligeriensis d’Orbigny

vucullaea (Trigonarca) aff. Matheroniana d’Orbigny

Alectryonia sp.

Turritella sp.

Glauconia (Pseudoglauconia) «sp.

Ammonites sp.

This is probably an Upper Cretaceous fauna but apparently
older than that of the Monte Grande formation.

2. Actaeonellen-Rudistenkalkstein

A, brown-colored coarse, sandy limestone which is filled with
the following fossils.

Actaeonella (Volvulina) ef. laevis d’Orbigny ? A. peruviana n. sp.

Cardita sp.

Pironaea peruviana Gerth

These fossils are from three nearby stations on the south
side of the Silla de Paita. Gerth considered this fauna as
of Maestrichtian age and probably equivalent to the Sphenodiscus
schichten of No. 3.

3. Sphenodiscus-Schichten

A. yellowish-brown, fossiliferous, marly limestone which oc-
curs like the Actaeonellen-Rudistenkalkstein as small erosional
remnants on the south and east side of the Silla de Paita. The
fossils have suffered through weathering and long exposure to
the desert winds. This fauna is referred to the Maestrichtian
by Gerth.

Sphenodiscus pleurisepta Conrad var. peruviana Gerth

11 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 11

Roudaireia sp.

Trigonia sp. nov.

Cuculaea sp. nov.

Inoceramus ef. balticus J. Bohm (Cripsii Goldf.)
Modiola concentrice-costellata F. Rom.
Ostrea sp.

Plicatula sp.

Neara sp.

Astarte sp.

Turritella sp. several new species.
Cerithiwm ef. Hoeninghausi Kfst
Melanatria sp.

Volutilithes ef. Arizpensis Boese

SUA PIN GUase

A general subdivision of the Cretaceous deposits of the Amo-
tape region into three parts was proposed by Iddings and
Olsson?* in 1928, the formations recognized being the following:

Monte Grande formation.

Copa Sombrero formation.

Pananga formation.

These divisions consist briefly of a massive and rather pure
limestone member at the base (Pananga formation), followed by
a series of bituminous, calcareous beds passing upward into
black shales (the Copa Sombrero formation) and thirdly a young-
er group of coarse sandstones and conglomerates with a late Cre-
taceous fauna (Monte Grande formation). Along Quebrada
Monte Grande, the black shales with Jnoceramus and Clavulina
which lie directly beneath the Monte Grande formation, are
downfaulted against an older group of conglomerates and quartz-
itic sandstones. Since the Monte Grande formation appears to
be Maestrichtian in age, the Clavulina shales are probably not
older than the Campanian. On the other hand, the Copa Som-
brero shales of Quebrada Muerto and Quebrada Pazuil as they
lie directly over limestones which contain Upper Aptian and
Albian fossils cannot be much younger than the Middle Creta-
ceous or Cenomanian. Thus it would appear that we have in the
Amotape region of northern Peru, the whole or greater part of
the Cretaceous system between the Upper Aptian and the Mae-
strichtian and that the older conglomerates of Monte Grande
form a middle member separating two formations consisting

26Iddings and Olsson, 1928, Geology of Northwest Peru, Bull. Am. Ass.
Petroleum Geologist, vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 8, 9.

12 BULLETIN 69 12

principally of black shales. On stratigraphic grounds, the older
conglomerates of Monte Grande are tentatively referred to the
Cenomanian-Turonian and indicate the regressive character of
the Middle Cretaceous sea in this part of the Andean geosyncline.

THE PANANGA FoRMATION

Bosworth in his description of the pre-Tertiary formations of
the Amotape Mountains north of Cerro Buenos Aires and the
Pananga fault zone referred briefly to a limy member in the
Cretaceous as the Pananga limestone. As previously noted, this
horizon was described as a hard limestone of which one portion
is made up mainly of a large Cypraea or similar shell, accom-
panied by some other gastropods, lamellibranchs and ammonites.
The fossil referred to as Cypraea is doubtless an Actaeonella or
Peruvia and together with the highly fossiliferous character of
the formation, clearly identifies the Pananga limestone of Bos-
worth with the lower or basal Cretaceous horizon of Pan de
Azucar and Quebrada Muerto. In this paper, the Pananga for-
mation will be restricted to include only the lower limestone
horizon characterized faunally by Actaeonella peruviana, Peruvia
gerthi, Nermea (Teleoptyxis) peruviana and Oxytropidoceras
parinense.

The Pananga limestone is seen to good advantage near La
Brea capping the small hill known as Pan de Azucar. Here the
formation has a thickness of about 50 feet and rest on the Amo-
tape slates of Upper Pennsylvanian age. A much larger area of
the Pananga limestone occurs at Muerto in the Upper Parinas
valley and in parts of the valley of Quebrada Pazuil. Large
blocks of the Pananga limestone are found in Quebrada Culebra
near Caleto Mero where they occur as detached, angular masses
in a mud-flow or rubble zone in the Saman Eocene.

The Pananga limestone is very constant in lithology. It is a
massive, hard and nearly pure limestone, usually light-gray in
color and often highly fossiliferous. In most cases because of
the hardness of the rock, extraction of fossils from the outcrop
is difficult but the characteristic sections of Actaeonella and
Neriea are usually abundant and easily recognized. Towards

13 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 13

the base, the rock becomes a calcareous sandstone or conglom-
erate containing boulders of slate, quartzite and other mountain
rocks,

Fossils are locally common in the Pananga limestone, the
forms collected indicating a rich and diversified fauna. How-
ever, most specimens weather or break from the rock in the form
of casts or internal molds and exact identification is not always
possible. The following species is a partial list of forms collect-
ed at Pan de Azucar.

Pelecypoda:
Cucullaea sp.
Trigonarca gerhardti Olsson
Trigonia longa Agassiz
Trigonia subcrenulata peruana Pauleke
Trigonia hondaana Lea
Neithea ef. alpina d’Orbigny
Lima (Plagiostoma) pananga Olsson
Modiolus mutisus Olsson
Myopholas peruvian Olsson
Anatina anchana Olsson
Arctica sp.
Astarte debilidens Gerhardt
Crassatella caudata Gabb
Cardium sp.
Protocardiwm sp.
Isocardia wiedeyi Olsson
Isocardia pananga Olsson
Ptychomya lissoni Sommerier
Icanotia peruviana Olsson
Mactra sp.
Panope berryi Olsson
Corbula sp.
Gastropoda:
Glauconia (Paraglauconia) pananga Olsson
Nerinea (Teleoptyxis) peruviana Olsson
Peruvia gerthi Olsson
Actaeonella (Volvulina) peruviana Olsson
Turbo sp.
Several undetermined species.
Cephalopoda:
Placenticeras sp.
Puzosia emerici Rasp.
Schloenbachia ? sp.
Oxytropidoceras parinensis Olsson
Ouytropidoceras karsteni Stieler
Eehinodermata:
Holectypus planatus numismalis Gabb

14 BULLETIN 69 14

THE Copa SOMBRERO FORMATION

At Muerto and along the mountain front bordering the north
side of the Pazuil valley, the massive, bedded and highly fossili-
ferous Pananga limestones are overlain by black, well-bedded
limestone layers which in turn grade upward into black shales.
Although these rocks are fossiliferous, most of the species are
different from those of the Pananga limestone. Nerinea and
Actaeonella are both absent while species of Exogyra, Inocera-
mus and fish-scales are the dominant forms. A species of Oxy-
tropidoceras occurs in Muerto limestones together with several
other Ammonites.

Dr. Bravo?" visited Quebrada Muerto in 1921 and published a
short paper recording the occurrence of Cretaceous and Pennsyl-
vanian rocks at that locality. In his profile, Bravo showed a
shale complex with Jnoceramus as underlying a limestone with
Actaeonella gigas and Agria cf. Blumenbachi. ‘This is quite
obviously an error of observation as the limestone underlies and
not overlies the Cretaceous black shales. Dr. Bravo probably
mistook a part of the Amotape shales of Pennsylvanian age
(which are less metamorphosed at this locality than usual) as
the same as certain nearby but isolated outcrops of Cretaceous
black shales with Inoceramus. It may be definitely stated that
the Inoceramus shales of Muerto overlie the Pananga formation
and grade downward into the bituminous limestones.

Black shales with calcareous concretions have an extensive
outcrop in the valley of Quebrada Pazuil where they contain
layers of sandstone, quartzite and seams of chert. At certain
places in this region, the Cretaceous shales are overlain by small
remnants of Eocene sandstones belonging to the Saman forma-
tion and having the typical Chira valley facies. On the south
side of the Tablones range or the divide separating the Parinas
and Chira drainage, black Cretaceous shales cover a rather large
area and extend from the west branch of Quebrada Leonora,
east past Copa Sombrero, Lancones and Alamor into southern
Ecuador. These rocks are somewhat harder than the black

27Bravo, 1921, Reconocimiento de la region costanera de los Departa-
mentos de Tumbes y Piura. Archivos de la Associacion Peruana por
el Progreso de la Ciencia, vol. 1.

15 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 15

shales of Pazuil, their greater induration or metamorphism being
partly the result of the intrusion of dikes or small plugs of a
basic igneous rock. In places the formation is quite sandy or
composed to a large extent of contorted and irregular bedded
zones of sandstones. Limestone concretions are also present.
Because of their intensely fractured condition fossils are dif-
ficult to collect and preserve. Schloenbachia leonora and a
species of Inoceramus have been collected in concretions in Que-
brada Leonora near Copa Sombrero. To the south, the Copa
Sombrero formation is directly overlain by the Saman sandstones
of late Upper Eocene age.

THE CLAVULINA SHALES

The Clavulina shales have only been recognized along Que-
brada Monte Grande which is a small tributary of Quebrada
Parinas midway between Quebrada Mogollon and Quebrada
Pazuil. The Clavulina shales resemble the shales of the Copa
Sombrero formation as well as certain of the darker Talara
shales of Upper Eocene age. Locally they contain small foram-
inifera of the genus Clavulina, fragments of Inoceramus and

- other fossils. They are usually badly fractured and break down
into small, needle-like splinters.

The Clavulina shales are best distinguished by their strati-
graphic relations to nearby formations. At some places along
Quebrada Monte Grande, the Clavulina shales are overlain un-
conformably by Middle Eocene sandstones belonging to the shore
facies of the Clavilithes series (see Plate 1, fig. 1) but usually
the contacts are faults. Upstream, the outcrop of the Clavulina
shale is limited by a large normal fault along which they have
been downfaulted against an older series of conglomerates and
sandstones. In the small branch stream which leads from Tri-
angulation Station 266, a section is exposed which shows the
Clavulina shales interbedded with green sandstones containing
Roudareia, Eusebia gregoryi, Pseudoliva, Calytrophorus hop-
kinsi and other species of the Monte Grande fauna. The typical,
fossiliferous Monte Grande sandstones are exposed higher along
the same stream so it is quite clear, that the Clavulina shales lie
directly beneath the Monte Grande formation.

Note.—Better material proves Eusebia a synonym of Pseudocucullza.

See p. 23.

16 BULLETIN 69 16

THE Monte GRANDE FORMATION

The type exposures of the Monte Grande formation have a
very limited development in the hills just west of Quebrada
Monte Grande surrounding Triangulation Station 266 of the La
Brea-Parinas Estate. They are composed principally of yellow-
‘sh or brownish sandstones and conglomerates. The rocks are
usually more conglomeratic above while sandstones predominant
in the lower part but the exposures are obscured by the basal
conglomerates of the Tertiary and by a thick cover of gravels
belonging to the breccia fan. Fossils are abundant both in the
sandstones and in the conglomerates but are most easily collected
from loose specimens lying on the surface. Usually such speci-
mens are poorly preserved through long exposure to the desert
winds and hot, tropical sun. Most of the species belong to thick-
shelled forms adapted to life in shallow, near-shore waters.
Locally large fragments or nests of Rudistids (Eletie iy, mig. 2)
may be seen on the outcrop or lying partly embedded in the rock.

The fossils from the Monte Grande formation include the
following species.

Pelecypoda:
Trigonarca meridionalis Olsson
Eusebia gregoryi Olsson
Melina woodsi Olsson
Ostrea (Lopha) stappenbecki Olsson
Spondylus hopkinsiana Olsson
Plicatula harrisiana Olsson
Mytilus signatus Olsson
Modiplus portunus Olsson
Pholadomya houghti Olsson
Venericardia weberbaueri Olsson
Roudaireia awressensis Coquand
Roudaireia jamaicensis peruviana Olsson
Sphaerulites (Lapeirousia) ef. nicholosi Whitefield
Orbignya pacifica Olsson
Durania sp.
Cardium cf. lissoni Bruggen
Cardium amotapense Olsson
Linearia bomarea Olsson
Tellma sp.
Antigona
Corbula montegrandensis Olsson
Gastropoda:
Desmieria peruviana Olsson
Calytraea sp.
Turritella forgemoli subsp.

We PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON ily

Mesalia inca Olsson
Mesalia peruviana Olsson
Cerithium sp.
Pugnellus sp.
Pugnellus ? cypraeformis Olsson
Calyptraphorus hopkinsi Olsson
Pseudoliva sp.
Fasciolaria ? calappa Olsson
Fascwolaria (Cryptorhytis) ef. Bleicheri Thomas and Peron
Several undeterminable species.

Cephalopoda:
Helicoceras sp.

AGE AND CORRELATION

On San Lorenzo island and at other localities near Lima,
occurs a series of sedimentary rocks referred by some authors to
the early Neocomian or Valanginian and by Lisson*® to the late
Portlandian. These deposits were formed during a brief or
marginal incursion of the sea in central Peru but through the
greater part of the Andean geosyncline from Peru northward into
Colombia and Venezuela, the formation of a thick series of con-
tinental and often coal-bearing rocks took place. The rather
limited flora known from these beds, has been generally inter-
pretate as indicating a Wealden or Neocomian age although
Salfeld?® and more recently Berry*° have also emphasized its
Jurassic affinities. The age of these continental beds is therefore
somewhat doubtful but it appears probable that they may em-
brace part of the early Cretaceous or extend from late Jurassic
to Hauterivian times. These land-formed rocks are usually suc-
ceeded by a second marine series, generally beginning with lime-
stones followed by black shales. These deposits were formed
during a marine transgression which in some localities may have
commenced in the Barremian but attained its maximum develop-
ment during the Upper Albian or Lower Cenomanian with the
Andean sea again dwindling during the Middle Cretaceous. The
Upper Cretaceous witnessed a third transgression but which

28Lisson, 1917, Edad de los Fosiles Peruanos y Distribucion de sus De-
positos, 2nd edicion, p. 338.

29Salfeld, 1911, In Hauthal Reisen in Bolivien und Peru, Wissenschaft
liche Ver6ffentlichungen der Gesellschaft fiir Erdkunde zu Leipzig,
Siebenter band, pp. 211-217.

30Berry, 1922, The Mesozoic Flora of Peru, The Johns Hopkins University
Studies in Geology, No. 4, p. 49.

18 BULLETIN 69 18

never quite equalled in extent that of the late Albian or Vran-
connian invasion.

In the Amotape region only a partial development of this
Cretaceous section occurs. The Wealdenian plant-bearing rocks
are lacking (unless Bosworth’s undefined Tablones group
should prove to belong here) so that this region was sufficiently
elevated at that time to be one of erosion and not of deposition.
Thus the Cretaceous deposits of the Amotapes rest directly on a
basement of Pennsylvanian slates, schists and granites. These
older Cretaceous rocks are the massive Pananga limestones.
Fossils from this lower limestone member show that it is the
approximate equivalent of the similar limestones of the region to
the south and referred by Steinmann and his associates to the
Aptian. The Ammonite genus Knemiceras so characteristic of
the Aptian in the Trujillo region has not been found in the Pan-
anga limestone while the genus O-xytropidoceras and certain.
other forms such as Crassatella caudata and Astarte debilidens
would seem to indicate that the Pananga limestone most be a
little younger than the typical Knemiceras horizon and that they
may possibly belong to the Lower Albian. The Ammonite genus
Oxytropidoceras is usually regarded as strictly Albian but until
the several South American species have been fully differentiated
and accurately zoned, too much reliance for exact age determina-
tion cannot be based on its occurrence alone. In the Pananga
limestones there are at least two species of O-xytropidoceras
which occur with Trigonia longa, hondaana, Neithea alpina
subsp. and Puzosia emerici or species which in Europe, char-
acterize the Upper Aptian. Steinman’s*t record of Agria cf.
Blumenbachi from the Pananga limestone of Muerto and indicat-
ing a Barremian age cannot be given much weight. Tentatively
we may refer the Pananga limestone to the Late Aptian or Early
Albian, thus indicating a progressive expansion or overlap of
the Cretaceous sea northward and westward over the Amotape
region.

The highly fossiliferous Pananga limestones are separated
from the overlying limestones and black shales of Muerto by a
sharp faunal and physical change but whether this break marks
a disconformity and hence a brief withdrawal of marine waters

31Steinman, 1929, Geologie von Pert, p. 115.

19 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 1g

or merely a shift in character of deposition, has not been deter-
mined, Our collections from these upper horizons is very meager
although the rocks are quite fossiliferous, containing fish scales,
several species of Ammonites, /noceramus and Exogyra. They
are thought to be equivalent to the similar beds of Pariatambo,
Hacienda Montan and Yauli, characterized by Oxrytropidoceras
peruviana von Buch and multifida Steinmann and usually re-
ferred to the Albian. Bravo recorded Schloenbachia (O-xytro-
pidoceras) peruviana from Muerto and his material was doubt-
less collected from these upper calcareous horizons.

Very few fossils have been found in the Copa Sombrero for-
mation. They include fragments of Jnoceramus and a large
Schloenbachia related to varians of Sowerby and indicate a low-
er Cenomanian age. The Copa Sombrero formation consists
principally of black shales with large limy concretions and zones
of contorted and irregularly bedded gray sandstones. The pres-
ence of much sand in the beds of Copa Sombrero, in contrast to
the nearly pure shale and limestone formation of Muerto, show
that the Cretaceous sea was already receding from the Amotape
region and that uplift and deformation were in progress. If the
older series of quartzitic sandstones and conglomerates of
Monte Grande are correctly placed between the Copa Sombrero
formation and the Clavulina shales of Senonian age, they would
furnish proof of a nearly complete withdrawal of marine waters
from this region in Middle Cretaceous times. Stappenbeck*?
has described certain quartizites from the region north of Chic-
ama and near Cajamarca whose age is placed as Turonian since
they seem to occupy a stratigraphic position above Cenomanian
limestones and beneath fossiliferous Emscherian. These quartz-
ites would thus correspond closely in age with the older con-
glomerates of Monte Grande.

The Monte Grande formation and the Clavulina shales, to-
gether with the Sphenociscus Schichten of Gerth belong to the
Upper Cretaceous. Their faunas contain such characteristic
late Cretaceous species as Roudaireia, Venericardia of the beau-
monti group, large Plicatulae, Sphenod scus and several species

32Stappenbeck, 1924, Das Chicamatal in Nordrern. Zeitschrift der Gesell-
schaft fiir Erdkunde zu Berlin p. ¢. Also in Geologie das Chicamatals
in Nordperu und seiner Antracitlasesstatten. Geologische und Paleon-
tologische Abkandlungen, Neue Folge, Band 16, Heft. 4, p. 19.

20 BULLETIN 69 20

of Rudistids. The Senonian age of these beds cannot be dis-
puted.

The coarse sandstones and conglomerates which make up the
Monte Grande formation were formed during the closing stage
of a marine transgression which culminated during the deposition
of the middle part of the Clavulina shales and the equivalent
horizons containing Sphenodiscus and Pironaea in the Paita re-
gion. At Cajamarca and Trujillo, rocks of Lower Senonian age
with Actaeonella gigantea Sby, (oviformis Gabb), Ostrea Nic-
aisel, Buchiceras, Lenticeras etc., are known but these horizons
are apparently absent from the Amotape region and would thus
indicate a northward and wes ward transgression of the Senonian
sea in northern Peru.

Gerth** considered his Sphenodiscus Schichten as being of
Maestrichtian age while he postulated a probable Campanian age
for his Actaeonella-Pironaea limestone. The Monte Grande
fauna is composed principally of mollusks of large size and thick
shells, fitted for life in turbulent near-shore waters. Only a frag-
ment of an Ammonite (Helicoceras) has been found but the
coarse character of the Monte Grande sediments was not favor-
able to the preservation of their delicate shells. There are three
species of Rudistids and one reef coral.

Aside from the Rudistids, the outstanding species in the Monte
Grande fauna are Roudaireia auressensis Coquand, jamaicensis
peruviana Olsson, Eusebia gregoryi Olsson, Cardium amotapense
Olsson, lissom Briiggen, Plicatula harrisiana Olsson, Ostrea
stappenbecki Olsson, etc.

The Monte Grande specimens of Rowdaireia auressensis are
very similar to the forms figured from North Africa. Accord-
ing to Pervinquiére and other students of the African fauna,
this species ranges through the whole Senonian but it is most
abundant and typical in rocks of Maestrichtian age. Roudaireia
jamaicensis peruviana is a large species differing from typical
jamaicensis of Trechmann described from the Upper Cretaceous
rocks of Jamaica by its less terminal beaks. Eusebia gregoryt 1s
a peculiar species related to Eusebia stantoni Maury recently

*3Gerth, 1928, Neue Faunen der oheren Kreide mit Pippuri*en aus Nord-
peru Leidsche Geologische Mededeelingen, Deel 2, Afl. 4, V 1928, p. 240.

eae Vee
ee |
ey ited

SSS

Monte Grande 5&-

( Opposite page 21)

North

Amotape region

Serionian

Clavulina sh. WERESEIS.<
Nia-Congle.
oe
~ a
Copa Sombrero sh. eceonntcs en

— Muerto ls.

Panange is

Knemiceras

Figure 2.

transe~ Cee mets

Strandline migration of the Cretaceous sea in the
Amotape region

Pall PERUVIAN UKETACEOUS: OLSSON 21

described from the Roudaireia beds of eastern Brazil. The
common oyster in the rocks of Monte Grande is Ostrea stappen-
becki, a species related to Ostrea arizpensis Bose from the Mae-
strichtian of Mexico but the Peruvian shell is a larger and more
highly developed form. Other Maestrichtian species which have
closely related forms in the Monte Grande fauna are Antigona
Rohlfsi Quass and Turritella forgemoli Coquand. Among the
Rudistids, Sphaerwlites nicholasi Whitfield was first discovered
in the late Cretaceous limestones of Jamaica. The presence of
species of Pseudoliva, Cerithium, Melanatria, Calytraphorus and
Mesalia which are more commonly Eocene genera, show that
the Monte Grande fauna must belong to the closing part of the
Cretaceous period.

Much work still remains to be done on the Cretaceous rocks _
of the Amotape region before a final correlation and classification
can be given. The Pananga and Monte Grande faunas are fairly
well known and as they characterize zones of comparatively nar-
row stratigraphic limits at the base and near the top of the Cre-
taceous deposits, they must furnish the basis for present correla-
tions. Between these horizons, there lies a great thickness of
shales, sandstones and conglomerates which have yielded only a
few fossils and consequently some changes in the classification
of these intermediate rocks can be expected when more fully
known. The general succession and character of the Cretaceous
beds show quite clearly that they were formed during two major
depositional cycles or invasions of marine waters which spread
northward from the deeper portions of the Andean geosyncline.
The first or older transeression began with the formation of the
Pananga limestone and culminated during the widespread de-
position of the Copa Sombrero shales. The last transgression
resulted in the formation of the Clavulina shales and the Monte
Grande sandstones with the sea again receding towards the
close of the Cretaceous. The general features of this strand-
Ine migration of the Cretaceous sea in the Amotape region is
shown graphically in the following chart.

22 BULLETIN 69 ; 22

SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF SOME

CRETACEOUS FOSSILS FROM NO@ORMES Wiss ohana)

Class PELECYPODA
Order PRINONODESMACKA
Superfamily ARCACKA

Family ARCIDAE

Genus PSEUDOCUCULLAA Solger
Pseudocucullea gregoryi, n. sp. JP, Bi, aye, IL

Shell large, massive, broadly subovate in outline, inequilateral,
a little oblique, convex; beaks small, situated near the anterior
one-third and separated by the cardinal area; the anterior side of
the shell is evenly rounded; in the middle of the ventral margin,
the shell is more strongly curved but straightening again between
this point and the posterior extremity ; the posterior extremity is
somewhat angled, above which the side is straight, sloping oblique-
ly to the hinge-margin; the valves are moderately convex, smooth ~
or with a simple sculpture of growth-lines; hinge-plate arched, a
little shorter in front than behind; hinge taxodont, with a series
of small vertical teeth along the middle of the cardinal border
and two or more, greatly enlarged teeth at the anterior and pos-
terior extremities; the cardinal area is of moderate width and
striated with a series of ligamental grooves which are inclined
downward in front of the beak and nearly parallel with the hinge-
line in front of the beak ; interior of shell cavity unknown.
Length 92.00 mm.; height 95.00 mm.; semidiameter 28.00 mm.

Remarks.—The remarkable genus Pseudocucullea was de-
scribed by Solger (Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft, vol. 55,
(1903) p. 76.) from the Cretaceous of the Cameroon, West
Africa, its type species being P. lens Solger, a moderate-size,
rounded, Glycymeris-like form. Two other species of Pseudo-
cucullea were described by Solger from the same locality.
Later a typical species was described by Harris and Hodson from
the Cretaceous of Venezuela as P. parijana (Bulletins of Amer-
ican Paleontology, vol. 49 (1927) p. 1, pl. 1, fig. 4; pl. 2, figs.

23 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 23

I, 3, 4; pl. 3, fig. 1. In 1930, Maury** described Eusebia stan-
toni aS a new genus and species from the Upper Cretaceous of
eastern Brazil. Maury’s material was rather meager but there
appears to be no doubt but that her shell is but another species
of Pseudocucullea. The genus Lopatinia of Schmidt (geno-
type “Peciunculus” petschorae Keyserling from Siberia has been
considered synonymous with Pseudocucullea (see Addenda to
Maury’s paper, pp. 301-305) but since its geographical and
stratigraphical position are so remote from the South Ameri-
can and African there is some question as to their exact generic
equivalency. Pseudocucullea has a taxodont hinge which in
some respects, is similar to that of Cucullaea and to certain
large gerontic species of Glycymeris to which it appears most
closely related. The most remarkable characters of the hinge
is the presence of one or two large anterior and posterior lateral
teeth bordered by strongly striated sockets. The cardinal area is
of moderate width and marked with several deep furrows which
are roughly parallel to the hinge margin. Between the laterals
there is a medial zone of numerous, small vertical teeth of ir-
regular form.

The Peruvian species here described as Pseudocucullea greg-
oryi is represented in the Monte Grande collection by several
specimens, usually as closed valves. The hinge is shown on
two left valves but the dentition is not well preserved or it is
partly covered with matrix which cannot be removed. Young
shells are more depressed and inequilateral but with age become
subcircular or subequilateral in form and externally resemble a
large, thick-shelled Glycymeris. The surface sculpture consists
of coarse lines of growth without marks of radial ribs or striae.
The ventral margin appears to have been smooth.

In eastern Brazil (State of Parahyba), Pseudocucullea stan-
tom occurs with Roudaireia awressensis, Trigonarca, Plicatula,
Venericardia (of the beaumonti group) in rocks of Upper Cre-
taceous age. The discovery of a species of this remarkable genus
in the Cretaceous rocks of northern Peru associated with a
similar fauna, has an important bearing on problems of correla-
tion and of the probable routes along which faunal migration
®4Maury, 1930, O Cretaceo da Parahyba do Norte, Monographia, No. 8,

Servico Geologico e Mineralogico do Brasil, do AOU, Til, @, ies, By @, Tall.
8, fig. 2.

Note.— Better material proves Husebia a synonym of Psexdocucullea.
See p. 23.

24 BULLETIN 69 24

could take place. The Peruvian species differs from stanton by
its larger size, less depressed form, more prominent umbos and
by the greater length of its hinge.

The Peruvian species is named for the late Professor J. W.
Gregory, as a tribute to his outstanding achievements in geology
and exploration.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Genus TRIGONARCA Conrad

Trigonarca meridionalis, n. sp. Plate 2, figs. 1, 3

Shell of medium to large size, stout, subquadrate in outlines
and moderately convex; length slightly exceeding the height;
anterior margin broadly rounded, passing evenly into the ven-
tral margin which is nearly straight on the posterior half; the
posterior margin is straight, s'oping, meeting with the anterior
margin at an acute angle which is a little less than 90 degrees ;
the umbonal angle is strong and well-marked behind which the
posterior submargins are strongly contracted, flattened or feebly
depressed along a median zone; the rest of the shell is moderate-
ly and evenly convex; umbos quite prominent, with small adja-
cent beaks rising a litt-e above the cardinal area; hinge-line long,
straight in the middle portion, curving ventrally at the ends; the
hinge teeth are small, numerous and vertical in the middle but
become larger and oblique on the anterior and posterior ex-
tremities of the hinge line; surface with coarse lines of growth
tending to become spaced in bands simulating resting intervals ;
interior not known.

Length 70.00 mm. ; height 67.00 mm.; semidiameter 31 mm.
i S4-Oo mma:

(m3 6é

76.00 mm. ; 37.00 mm.

Remarks.—This is a large species distinguished by its strong-
ly angled umbonal ridge and sharply truncated posterior submar-
gins. There seems to be no closely related species. Probably
nearest to the Peruvian form is Trigonarca capensis Greisbach*

“5Woods, 1906, The Cretaceous Fauna of Pondoland Annals of the South
African Museum, vol. 4, p. 288, pl. 34, figs. 1, 2.

25 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 25

from Pondoland and Trigonarca jessupae Maury*® from eastern
Brazil but both these species are smaller and have a longer and
more produced posterior extremity.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.-—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Trigonarca gerhardti n. sp. Plate 7, figs. 5, 6

Cucullaea brevis Gerharit, 1897, Beitrag zur Kenn niss der Kreidefor-
9)

mation in Columbien, N. Jahrb. f. Min., etc., BB., vol. 11, pp. 182,
53, pl. 5, fig. 4. not d’Orbigny 1842.

Arca (Cucullaea) brevis Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von Pert, p. 125,
textfigure 140.

Shell small or medium size; out-ines subrhomboidal, the beaks
and umbos a littie anterior of the middie; anterior side well-
iounded, the posterior side straight, oblique, meeting with the
ventral margin at an angle roughly 80 degrees; the shell is mod-
e.ately convex and quite thick; surface smoothish or marked
with strong lines of growth; the internal casts have the umbos
more pronounced, the hinge-.ine shortened and the umbonal slope
higher and more vaulted; muscle impression of medium size, the
posterior one lying in an impressed zone limited by a groove
which extends from the beak to near the posterior-ventral ex-
tremity ; a deep cavity in front of the beaks on internal casts.

Length 61.00 mm.; height 50.00 mm.; semidiameter 25.00 mm.
a 45.00 mm. ;

ce ce

41.00 mimi. ; Bue 5 Om inition:
(internal cast).

Remarks.—Our specimens from Pan de Azucar compare
favorably with Gerhardt’s figure of a Colombian shell, identi-
fied with D’Orbigny’s Cucullaea brevis and originally described
from the Province of Santa Fe. D’Orbigny’s®’ brevis was based
on an internal cast of a large, rounded, more convex and Car-
cium-like form which doubt'ess belongs to a true Cucullaea,
while Gerhardt’s figure of the hinge of his Colombian specimen
show that it is a Trigonarca. Gabb*® referred to a small shell

“6Maury, 1930, O Cretaceo da Parahyba do Norte, Monographia No. 8,
Servico Geologico e Mineralogico do Brasil. p. 211, pl. 6, figs. 2, 3.
87D’Orbigny, 1842, Voyage dans 1’Amerique méridionale, vol. 3, pt. 4,
Paléontologie, p. 89, pl. 20, figs. 2-4.

38Gabb, 1877, Description of a collection of fossils made by Dr. Antonio
Raimondi in Peru, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 2nd series, vol.
Si, 15 ZAI

26 BULLETIN 69 26

from near Cajamarca as Trigonarca brevis, believing that it was
the young of that species. Trigonarca peruviana Gabb** de-
scribed from near Ollon is a more elongated species with very
low umbos and small beaks. Trigonarca Orbignyana,* also from
near Ollon is a large species of probab'e Upper Cretaceous age.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pen
de Azucar.

Superfamily PTERIACKA

Family MELINIDAE

Genus MELINA
Melina woodsi n. sp. Rilke AL, ite, Il

Shell of medium size to large, aviculoid, with flattened, nearly
smooth valves; the height of the sheil is nearly one-third greater
than its. length; the anterior ear is small or nearly absent, the
posterior ear large and passing smoothly into the general surface
of the valves; the anterior side is broadly rounded, the ventral
margin is obliquely rounded while the anterior side is straight
to sinuous in the middle and inclined a little forward; the valves
are but slightly convex along the umbonal slope, being noticeably
flattened on the anterior portion; the posterior submargin which
passes into the posterior ear is depressed to excavated; the ante-
rior margin is feebly expanded or open for the passage of the
byssus; hinge margin, straight with a wide, cardinal area and
numerous, vertical ligament pits; interior unknown.

Height 92.00 mm.; length 72.00 mm.; diameter 24.00 mm.

Remarks.—This species is distinguished by its flattened, avi-
culoid or subquadrate form. The ligament pits along the hinge
line occur on one specimen,

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Genus INOCERAMUS Sowerby
Inoceramus sp.

No species of /noceramus have been noticed in the Pananga
formation but they are common in the Muerto limestones and
- |
39Gabb, 1877, op. cit., p. 291, pl. 41, figs. 9, 9a.
40Gabb, 1877, op. cit., p. 290, pl. 41, figs. 7, 7a, 8) 8a.

Onl PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 27

overlying black shales. A small, right valve from Muerto be-
longs to a smooth species of the group of /. crippsi Mantell. This
specimen has lost the beak and part of the dorsal margin but its
growth-lines show that its outline was similar to that figured for
I. crippsi from England. Woods gives the range of crippsi as
extending from the Upper Albian into the Cenomanian.

Our collection contains a fragment of a large /noceramus
which was found with Schloenbachia leonora Olsson in the Copa
Sombrero shales. It is a large, slightly convex species with
strong, concentric ribs, separated by wide, excavated intervals.
This species probably possessed a long straight, hinge-line and
a broadly elliptical to subquadrate outline. Its length is esti-
mated to have been 140 to 150 millimeters. It bears some re-
semblance to Pervinquiére’s** figure of J. Siccensis from Tunis
but has heavier and more regular, concentric sulci.

Remains of /noceramus have also been found in the Clavulina
shales of Monte Grande but they are very fragmentary.

Superfamily OSTRACEA

Family OSTREIDAE
Genus OSTREA Linné
Subgenus OSTREA s. s.

Section LOPHA Bolten

Ostrea stappenbecki, n. sp. Plate 3, figs. 4, 5

Shell of medium or large size, typically sickle-shaped but quite
variable in form; the region of the beak is generally flattened and
smooth but below this, the surface becomes sharply folded and
fluted, especially along the ventral margin; at the same time, the
shell increases in thickness ; typically the valves have four, sharp-
ly folded ribs along the ventral margin but these rapidly fade out
dorsally ; the two central ribs have an excessive development, the
other two, one on each side being small and often merely a mar-
ginal fold; the posterior-dorsal side is deeply concave, curved
in harmony with the sickle form of the shell; the posterior side
of the beak is marked with series of fine, narrow, crenulations
and similar but smaller crenulations may occur on the anterior

41Peruvinquiére, 1912, Etudes de Paléontologie Tunisie, Pt. 2, p. 116, pl. 8,
figs. 2, 3, 4a-b. :

28 BULLETIN 69 28

side as well; interior shallow with a wide, ligamental groove.
Length 57.00 mm.; height 54.00 mm. ; diameter 37.00 mm.

a 57.00 mm. ; 7 Ag oormmuune: ‘i 60.00 mm.
59.00 mm. ; O10) sadam * ue 45.00 mm.
Remarks.—Ostrea arizpensis described by LPose*? from Upper

Senonian of Mexico, is the nearest related species. The Peruvian

”

species is larger, heavier and with much higher and more sharply
folded ribs, hence the thickness of the valves are nearly twice
that of arizpensis. Ostrea stappenbecki 1s one of ‘the character-
istic species of the Monte Grande fauna. It is named for Dr. R.
Stappenbeck, who has done so much valuable work on the
Geology of South America.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Superfamily TRIGONIACEA

Family TRIGONIIDAE
Genus TRIGONIA Bruguiere
Trigonia subcrenulata peruana Paulcke

ef. Trigonia suberenulata d’Orbigny, 1842, Coquilles et Hchinodermes
fossils de Colombie recueillis par Mr. Boussignault, Veyage—cdams
PAmeérique meridionate; vol-3,-pt-+, p. 52, pl. 4, figs. 7-9.

ef. Trigonia subcrenulata Gerhardt, 1897, Bettrag zur Kenntnis der
Kreideformation in Columbien, N. J. Min. ete. BB., vol. 11, p. 184.

Trigoma crenulata Lam. var. Peruana Pauleke, 1903, Uber die Kreide-
formation in Stidamerika und deren Beziehungen zu anderen Gebieten.
N. J. Min. etc. BB., vol. 17, p. 272, pl. 15, figs. 9, 9a, 9b.

Trigonia subcrenulata Sommermeier, 1913, Die Fauna des Aptien und
Albien in nordlichen Peru, pt. 2, p. 382.

Trigonia swbcrenulata Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von Pert, p. 126, text-
figure, 141.

? Trigonia suvcrenulata White, 1888, Contributions to the Paleontology
of Brazil, Archivos do Museu Nae-onal do Kio Janeiro, vol. 7, p. 70,
pl. 5, figs. 2, 3.

This Trigonia is very abundant in the Pananga limestones but
most of our specimens are either internal casts or the shell has
been recrystallized to such an extent that the surface details have
been destroyed. In outlines, the Peruvian shell resembles Tyi-
gonia crenulata Lamarck of the French Upper Cretaceous but
has fewer and more widely spaced ribs.

D’Orbigny’s figure of subcrenulata from Colombia, shows a
subelongate, sickle-like shape with a rather narrow and stronely
42Bose, 1918, Algunas faunas del Cretacico superio~ de Coahuila y Re-

giones Limitrofes, Instituto Geologico de Mexico, Boletin Numero 30,
pp. 48, 49, pl. 8, figs. 7-17.

29 PERUVIAN CRETACIOUS: OLSSON 29

sculptured posterior area. Our shells from the Pananga lime-
stones are broadly hatchet-shaped and the posterior area is wide
and plainly sculptured. For these reasons it seems preferable
to separate the Peruvian form as the subspecies perwana Paulcke
which was originally proposed as a variety of crenulata Lamarck.

The shell figured by Reeside’s*® as Trigoma crenulata peruana
from Ecuador, has the elongated form of subcrenulata but the
posterior area is wide and flat. It does not resemble any of the
Peruvian forms. It is listed with Trigonia hondaana Lea and
said to be Turonian in age.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Trigonia hondaana Lea

Trigonia Hondaana Lea, 1840, Notice of the Oolitic Formation in Amer-
ica, with Descriptions of some of its Organic Remains. Transactions
American Philosophical Society, 2nd ser. vol. 7, p. 256, pl. 9, fig. 9.

Trigonia Boussingaulti d’Orbigny, 1842, Coquilles et Echinodermes fos-
siles de Colombie recueillis par Mr. Bossignault, Veyage-dans-VAmér-
ique-meridionale,-vel.3,-pt--4, p. 50, pl. 4, figs. 1-3.

Trigonia Hondaana d’Orbigny, 1842, op. cit., p. 85.

Trigonia Hondaana Coquand, 1866, Monographie de 1’Htage Aptien de
l’Hspange, p. 326, pl. 24, figs. 1, 2.

Trigonia Hondaana Gerhardt, 1897, Beitrag zur Kennthis der Kreide-
formation in Columbien, N. J. Min. ete., vol. 11, p. 183, pl. 5,
figs. 6a, b, ©.

Trigonia Hondaana Choffat, 1904, Le Crétacique dans 1’Arrabida et
dans la contree d’Hriceira, p. 183, pl. 5, fig. 6.

Trigonia Hondaana Sommermeier, 1913, Die Fauna des Aptien und Al-
bien in nérdlichen Peru, pt. 2, p. 381.

ef. Trigonia aff. T. hondaana Reeside, 1927, im Wasson and Sinclair,
Geological Explorations East of the Andes in Heuador. Bulletin of
the American Association of Petroleum Geologist, vol. 11, pp. 1270,
WE, jolly IU ies

Trigonia Hondaana Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von PerG, p. 127, test-
figure 142.

This species is readily recognized by its quadrate form and
strongly differentiated posterior area which is well-marked even
on the casts. Our specimens are poorly preserved and show only
patches of the surface markings along the ventral margin. The
species grows to a large size. It is known as an Aptian fossil
in Spain and Portugal.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.
43Reeside, 1927, In Wasson and Sinclair, Geological Explorations East of

the Andes in Ecuador. Bulletin of the American Association of Petro-
leum Geologists, vol. 11, pp. 1270, 1279, pl. 11, figs. b, 6.

30 BULLETIN 69 30

Trigonia longa Agassiz

Trigonia longa Agassiz, 1840, Etudes eritiques sur les Mollusques fos-
siles. Mémoire sur les Trigonies, p. 47, pl. 8, fig. 1.

Trigonia longa d’Orbigny, 1843, Paléontologie Franeaise, Terrains Cré-
tacés, vol. 3, p. 130, pl. 285, figs. 1-6.

Trigonia Lajoyei Deshayes, 1842, Leymerie, Mémoire de la Société Géol-
ogieque de France, vol. 5, p. 7, pl. 8, fig. 4.

Trigonia Lajoyei d’Orbigny, 1842, Coquilles et Echinodermes fossiles de
CGolombie recueillis par Mr. Boussignault, Voyage dans 1’Amérique
méridionale, vol. 3, pt. 4, pp. 53, 87, pl. 4, figs. 10, 11.

Trigonia longa Pictet and Renevier, 1858, Description des fossiles du
terrain aptien de la Perte du Rhone et des environs de Sainte Croix.
Materiaux pour la Paléontologie Suisse, series 1, no. 1, p. 102, pl. 14,
figs. 3, a, b.

Trigonia longa Coquand, 1866, Monographie de 1’Etage Aptien de 1’Es-
pagne, p. 324.

Trigonia longa Gerhardt, 1897, Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Kreideforma-
tion in Columbien, p. 184.

Trigonia longa Paulcke, 1903, Uber die Kreideformation in Stidamerika
und deren Beziehungen zu anderen Gebieten. N. J. Min. ete., BB. vol.
U5 D> ADIL.

Examples of this species from the Pananga limestones are not
well preserved but as near as can be determined, there seems to
be no distinguishing difference between the Peruvian form and
the figures of Trigonia longa from Colombia and Europe. In
Colombia this species according to Gerhardt, occurs with T7i-
gonia subcrenulata and hondaana in rocks believed to be of Aptian
age Specimens identified as Trigonia longa together with a
new variety undulostriata have been recorded from the Lower
Cretaceous rocks of the Cordillera de Copiapo in Chile by Paul-
cke, the specimens having been collected by Steinmann. Agassiz
and D’Orbigny characterized Trigonia longa as a Neocomian
species of the Jura region of eastern France and Switzerland.
At the Perte du Rhone, it was located more precisely by Pictet
and Renevier in zone d or Gres dur at the top of the Upper
Aptian which according to Haug** corresponds to the horizon of
Clansayes with Douvilleiceras nodosocostatum. A specimen was
also recorded from zone h or the marne jaune at the base of the
Lower Aptian. In Spain according to Coquand, Trigonia longa
is found in the Upper Aptian.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

44Haug, 1920, Traité de Géologie, pt. 2, Les Périodes géologiques, p. 1257.

31 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 31

Superfamily PECTINACEA

Family PECTINIDAE
Genus NEITHEA Drouet
Neithea alpina d’Orbigny, subspecies.

ef. Janira alpina d’Orbigny, 1843, Paléontologie Frangaise, Terrains Cré-
tacés, vol. 3, p. 643, pl. 446, figs. 4-8.

ef. Vola subalpina Bose, 1910, Monografia Geolégica y paleontolégica
del Cerro de Mulevos, Bol. Inst. Geol. de Mexico, No. 25, p. 96, pl. 15,
figs. 5, 7, 8, 9.

ef. Neithea subalpina Kniker, 1918, Comanchean and Cretaceous Pectini-
idae in Texas, Bull. Univ. of Texas, no. 1817, pp. 28, 29, pl. 5, fig. 4.

ef. Pecten (Neithea) subalpina Adkins, 1928, Handbook of Texas Cre-
taceous Fossils, Bull. Univ. of Texas, no. 2838, p. 127, pl. 17, figs. 1, 3.

In the collection from Pan de Azucar, are five lower valves of
a large Neithea belonging to the group of N. alpina d’Orbigny.
There are six primary ribs, between each pair of which, there are
two secondary ribs of the same width as the primaries but less
prominent in size. Well preserved specimens have the secondary
and primary ribs separated by strong, regular grooves which are
nearly as wide as the ribs themselves. The va!ves are quite thick
and a moderate degree of surface weathering generally results in
bringing into greater sharpness, the contrast between the second-
ary and primary ribs, the primaries remaining large while the
secondaries become reduced to narrow ridges separated by very
wide, flat interspaces. The primary ribs extent through the sub-
stances of the shell, leaving their impressions as low, rounded
ridges on the internal casts.

The Peruvian shell resembles D’Orbigny’s figure of Jamra
alpina from Europe but the lower valve of the Peruvian form
may be a little more convex and the secondary ribs appear heavier
and nearly equal the primaries in strength. These differences are
probably not of great importance and their exact value can only
be determined through the direct comparison of abundant French
and Peruvian material which would indicate the extent of varia-
tion. The Peruvian shell may be larger than the French, our
largest specimen having a height of about 70 millimeters.

Several species of Neithea belonging to the group of N. alpina
have been described from the Comanchean rocks of Texas and
their equivalent strata in Mexico. They have the common char-
acter of two secondary ribs between each pair of the six primar-
ies and absence of tertiaries. In Roemer’s N. texana, the ribs
are subequal in size, the primaries being but a little larger than

bo

BULLETIN 69 32

(Jt)

the secondaries and noticeably flat-topped. N. subalpina, first
described by Bése from Mexico but since discovered in Texas,
is closer to the Peruvian form. According to Bose, it differs
frcm the French alpina, principally by its broader form, stronger
primary ribs and smaller secondaries.

Vola quinquecostata var. Morrisi Pict. and Ren. has been
figured by Steinmann?® from the Aptian rocks of Huanambra
near Celendin. This shell is quite small, with three secondary
riblets in each primary interspace. Basse*® who probably had
the same species from Hacienda Padrerrume near C'endin, iden-
tified his specimens with Pecten (Neithea) Shawi Peruvinquiere.

Locality and Geologc Occurrence—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Family SPONDYLIDAE
Genus SPONDYLUS Linne
Spondylus hopkinsi n. sp. Plate 3, fig. 6

Shell of medium size, ponderous, inequivalve and strongly con-
vex; the shell is somewhat irregular in form, the lower or right
valve being a little larger than the left valve and more irregular
in its growth; he left valve is moderately convex and nearly equi-
lateral but with the posterior side a little produced at its ventral
end; the right valve is irregularly elongate along with vertical
axis, its beak being turned towards the posterior side; area of
attachment rather small; surface ornamentation consisting of
primary riblets which carry an occasional spine, separated by
wide intervals ornamented with finer secondary and _ tertiary
threads; the right valve has a few rather coarse foliated, concen-
tric lamellae along the anterior side of the umbo and beak; inter-
ior not exposed.

Height 78.00 mm. ; length 73.00 mm.; diameter 52.00 mm.

Remarks.—This species from Monte Grande is represented by
a single specimen. The left valve which has been exposed to the
weather is deeply corroded so that the surface details have been
partly obliterated. The right valve is partly encrusted with rock.
It is sculptured with spine-bearing primary riblets separated by

45Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von Pert, p. 123, textfigure 139.

46Basse, 1928, Quelques Invertébrés crétaces de la Cordillere Andine, Bull.
Soe. Géol. de France, 4th series, vol. 28, p. 1238.

PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 33

wide intervals which have a series of finer secondary and tertiary
threads.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Genus PLICATULA Lamarck

Plicatula harrisiana n. sp. . Plate 3, figs. 2, 3

Shell of medium or large size, subequivalve, compressed to
slightly convex ; outlines suboval to subspatulate; with the height
of the shell greater than its width; beaks small, inconspicuous
anc. situated along the median line of the valves; the two valves
are simiarly sculptured with riblets of medium strength which
extend in regular fashion from the beaks to the ventral margin;
the riblets are strongest in the middle zone but become meh

raller towards the sides; they number approximately 34 to 36;
in riblets are crossed by coarse growth lines, the resulting sculp-
ture becomirg scabrous; interior not known.
Height 73.00 mm ; width 61.00 mm. diameter 21.50 mm.
52.00 mm.; 52.00 mm. ; e 16.00 mm.
Remarks—The general appearance of this species is similar
_ to Plhicatula Flattersi Coquand*’ of the Santonian of northern
Africa but Flattersi in common with the other African species is
more rou~ded in form and its sculpture is coarser with second-
aries showirg near the ventral margin. Young shells of pacifica
are nearly c’ eons in form but with age increase in height so that
the ratio of width to height becomes as 2 1-2 to 3. A much larger
species of Plicatula is also present in the Monte Grande collec-
tion. In this species the sculpture is very coarse on the nepionic
part of the valves but doubles on the ventral half through the in-
tercalations of secondaries.

Locality and Geologic Occurr
Monte Grande.

ce “e

Family LIMIDAE
Genus LIMA Bruguiere
Subgenus PLAGIOSTOMA Sowerby
Lima (Piagiostoma) pananga n. sp IPIBKE® Ty ines, il, 2,
Shell large, obliquely sub-ovate to sub-elliptical in form; the
anterior ear is small but well-marked; the posterior ear is not

\

47Coquand, 1862, Géologie et Paléontologie de la Région Sud de la Pro-
vince de Constantine, p. 221, pl. 16, figs. 11-13.

34 BULLETIN 69 34

preserved on our specimens; the length of the hinge-margin is
small and straight; shell is rather thick, smooth or ornamented
principally with lines of growth; the internal casts are rounded in
form, the posterior margin especially being rounded or curved
in the middle; the impression of the ventral edge of the mantel
is well-marked and is situated a little above the ventral margin
of the shell; there is often a deep impression a short distance
above the middle of the valves due to excessive thickening of the
center of the valves just posterior of the adductor muscle; the
adductor muscle scar is usually not well defined but sometimes
shows a faint impression above the anterior end of the mantel
line; a deep grove along the posterior-dorsal margin made by
the thickened edge of the valve in tthis region.

Height 75.00 mm.; width 75.00 mm. ; diameter 34.00 mm. (type)
7S Commnin: 75.00 mm. ; 35.00 mm. (cast)
Remarks —This species is fairly common in the Pananga

limestones but generally obtained only in the form of internal

casts. When complete, this shell resembled the well-known Lima

(Plagiostoma) gigantea Sowerby but was less convex and pro-

portionately higher and narrower in form.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

oe 6e

Superfamily MYTILACEA

Family MYTILIDAE
Genus MODIOLUS Lamarck
Modiolus mutisus n. sp. Plate 4, figs. 3, 7

Shell of medium size, obliquely elongate, moderately ventri-
cose; umbos and beaks nearly but not quite terminal; umbonal
slope strongly arched and ventricose, extending in an oblique di-
rection across the umbos to the posterior-ventral extremity; the
dorsal margin is straight, the ventral margin is inflexed in the
middle and slopes downward towards the ventral margin; sur-
face of shell is neatly sculptured with concentric lines and fine
radial striae; the radial striae begin approximately in the middle
of the shell and extend over the umbonal slope to the posterior
submargin but fade away before reaching the cardinal margins;
the concentric threads are strongest on the dorsal-posterior slope

35 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 35

but become nearly smooth or absent from the middle and anter-
ior portions: interior unknown.

Length 53.00 mm. (imperfect); height 36.00 mm.; diameter 24.50 mm.
a 60.00 mm.; height 30.00 mm.; diameter 20.00 mm.

Remarks.—This beautiful species is represented by two fair-
ly complete specimens from the Pananga limestones. It is re-
lated to the Modiolus reversus Fitton (M. Fittoni d Orbigny**)
from the French Neocomian, but the European shell is smaller,
more slender and its radial striae is limited to a smaller area be-
tween the center and the umbonal slope.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Modiolus portunus, n. sp. Plate 4, fig. 5

Shell small, broadly elongated, convex; beaks small, adjacent
and situated quite close to the anterior end; umbos prominent,
wide, obscurely divided in the middle by a depressed zone which
becomes deeper and stronger towards the ventral margin; the
posterior-umbonal ridge is strongly arched and more expanded
than the anterior side; the ventral margin is inflexed in the mid-
dle ; surface smooth or ornamented by irregular lines of growth.
Length 31.00 mm.; height 16.00 mm.; diameter 16.00 mm.

Remarks.—In form, this species resembles Mytilus semiradi-
atus d’Orbigny*® from the French Turonian but differs in that
the furrow divides the shell more equally and in lacking radial
striae. Our collection contains but one specimen.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Genus MYTILUS Linne
Mytilus signatus n. sp. Plate 7, fig. 4

Shell small, obliquely elongated, its anterior side narrowly
contracted, flattened, forming a strong, ridge-like angle; the
middle and posterior side of the shell is flattened to slightly con-
vex ; hinge-margin narrow, straight but curving at its end into
the posterior side; surface sculptured with numerous, small,
simple riblets further increased with additional riblets appear-
ing in their interspaces; at maturity, the growth of the shell be-
<sD’Orbigny, 18438, Paléontologic Francaise, Terrains Crétacés, vol. 3,

p. 264 pl. 3387, figs. 1, 2.

497)’Orbigny, 1843. Paléontolozie Francaise, Terrains Crétacés, vol. 3, p.
277, pl. 341, figs. 1, 2,

36 BULLETIN 69 36

comes irregular and interrupted by frequent resting marks; in-
terior unknown.

Height 32.00 mm.; length 25.00 mm.; semidiameter 7.50 mm.

Remarks.—Vhis species resembles Trechmann’s*® Septifer
acutus from Jamaica but its beak is straight while that of the
Jamaican species is narrowed and recurved. It is possible that
the Peruvian form should be referred to the genus Septifer but
the interior is completely concealed.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Monte Grande forma-
tion, Monte Grande.

Orer ANOMALODESMACEA
Superfamily ANATINACEA
Family PLEUROMYACIDAE
Genus MYOPHOLAS Douville

Myopholas peruviana n. sp. Plates nmicand

Shell of medium size, elongate-elliptical or Pholas-like in
form; umbos very wide, situated at the anterior one-third and
ending in small, adjacent beaks; valves are moderately convex,
the greatest inflation being situated a little above and anterior
of the middle zone of the umbones; the sculpture is Pholas-like
or consists of strong, widely spaced, noded riblets, these riblets
being placed as follows—a wide, smooth zone at the anterior
extremity of the shell, succeeded by a series of 11 riblets, the
most posterior ones becoming obsolete along the dorsal-posterior
margin ; in the middle of the valves, the riblets are spaced 3.50 to
5.00 millimeters apart; the riblets are divided into elongate
nodes by widely spaced, concentric lines ; interior unknown.

Length 49.00 mm.; height 25.50 mm.; diameter 20.50 mm.

Remarks.—The genus Myopholas was proposed by ~Douvillé*!
in 1907 with Pholadomya multicostata Agassiz as genotype. It
differs from the true Pholadomyas by its straighter, more elon-

°°Trechmann, 1927, The Cretaceous Shales of Jamaica, Geological Maga-
zine, vol. 64, p. 50, pl. 3, fig. 9.

51Douvillé, Henri, 1907, Les Lamellibranches cavicoles ou Desmodontes,
Bull. Géol. Soc. France, vol. 7, pp. 107, 108. ;

37 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 37

gate form and in possessing the hinge structure of Gresslya.
In the genotype, a groove corresponding to the internal nymph-
like callosity appears on the molds of the right valve behind
the beaks.

Our material from Pan de Azucar consists of two specimens.
In form and character of sculpture, peruviana is strikingly like
that of a Pholas. The holotype is unfortunately worn along
the hinge line so that no trace of a Gresslya groove has been
preserved, but the right valve appears to be larger than the
other as characteristic of Gresslya.

An incomplete right valve of a related species was figured by
Sommermeier®? as Pholadomya cf. nodulifera Minster from
the Aptian of the Department of Ancash. It has the Pholas-like
type of sculpture of distantly noded riblets but the form of the
valves is more oblique with the posterior side shown as being
widely expanded.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Family PHOLADOMYA

Genus PHOLADOMYA Sowerby
Pholadomya houghti, n. sp. Plate 5, fig. 2

Shell a little inequilateral, subelliptical in outlines, with nearly
central beaks ; the valves are moderately convex in the middle but
compressed on the sides; posterior side a little longer than the
anterior with the dorsal slope on each side nearly straight but
becoming rounded at the ends; ventral margin is straight in the
middle zone and rounded on the anterior and posterior sides;
surface marked with distinct and closely spaced, radiating coste
which are strongest in the middle, fading on the sides: these
cost seem to he absent from the anterior-dorsal submargins but
continue over the posterior-dorsal submargins; the coste num-
ber approximately 23; growth-lines at times developing into
deep resting marks.

Length 50.00 mm.; height 39.0 mm.; semidiameter 11.00 mm.

Remarks.—The above description is based on a specimen of
the right valve, the interior and hinge being concealed in rock

52Sommermeier. 19138, Die Fauna des Aptien und Albien im nordlichen
Peru II, N. Jahrb. £. Min., BB., vol. 36, p. 376, pl. 14, fig. 5.

38 BULLETIN 69 38

matrix. The shell is referred with some hesitation to the genus
Pholadomya as its outline is more equilateral than usually seen
in that genus. The coste numbering approximately 23, are
closely spaced, low riblets which seem to fade out on the poste-
rior submargins. A narrow zone on the anterior submargins
appears to be smooth. .

This species is named for Mr. Oscar Haught whose interest
and aid in collecting a part of the Cretaceous material from
Peru is greatly appreciated.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Family ANATINIDAE
Genus ANATINA Lamarck
Anatina anchana, n. sp. Plate 5, fig. 4

Shell of medium size, thin, elongate-ovate, slightly convex ;
beaks small, inconspicuous, situated a little anterior of the
middle; dorsal and ventral margins nearly straight and parallel,
becoming rounded at the ends; anterior-dorsal margin, strongly
impressed and flattened; the surface is smooth except on the
anterior portion which is marked with regular, concentric undu-
lations which fade out towards the center; the medial region
is faintly impressed; interior unknown.

Length 65.00 mm. (imperfect) ; height 36.00 mm.; diameter
20.00 mm.

Remarks.—This_ species resembles the Anatina Rovyana
dOrbigny®*? from the French Turonian but is longer anteriorly
with the anterior-dorsal margin strongly impressed. Anatimya
prisca Jaworski recorded by Sommermeier®* from Ancahuaina,
is distinguished from A. anchana by its narrowed and produced
posterior side. Anatimya prisca appears closely related to Ana-
tina (Cercomya) semiradiata Whiteaves®® from the Lower Cre-
taceous of Queen Charlotte Island, British Colombia.

Locality and Geologic Formation.—Panaga formation, Pan de
Azucar.
53D’Orbigny, 1843, Paléontologie Fran-aise Terrains Crétacés, vol. 3, p.

Bri, iol, Sal, ies Fh, Os
54Sommermeier, 1913, Die Fauna des Aptien und Albien im nérdlichen

Peru, II, N. Jahrb. f. Min. etc., BB., vol. 36, p. 376, pl. 14, fie. 4.

55Whiteaves, 1900, Mesozoic fossils, Ceol. Survey of Canada, vol. 1, p. 288,
pl. 37, fig. 4,

39 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON” 39

Order TELEODESMACEA
Superfamily CYPRICARDIACEA
Family PLEUROPHORIDAE
Genus ROUDAIREIA Munier-Chalmas

The genus Roudaireia was proposed by Munier-Chalmas*® in
1881 with Roudaireia Drui Munier-Chalmas from Tunis, as geno-
type. The close affinities of Rouwdaireia with the earlier genus
Cicatrea of Stoliczka®* based om Cyprina cordialis Stoliczka from
the Upper Cretaceous of India, was recognized by Munier-
Chalmas but Stoliczka’s figure of the hinge of cordialis showed
certain differencies in structure from those possessed by Drui
and it was principally these supposed differences Munier-
Chalmas utilized in differentiating his new genus. Cuicatrea
cordialis was later identified by H. Douvillé** in a collection of
fossils from Madagascar. Although the material was fragmen-
tary, Douvillé was able to reconstruct the hinge armature which
proved to be that of a normal Cyprina and similar to that of
Roudaireia Drui. The hinge of cordialis having been incorrectly
figured by Stoliczka, it is evident that Cicatrea and Roudaireia
are synonymous. H. Douvillé rejected Cicatrea on the grounds
that it had been incorrectly defined and this course was followed
by Pervinquiére, Fourtau and all later European writers. Bullen-
Newton has referred the species of Roudareia to the genus
Veniella Stoliczka (Venilia Morton) with Veniella conrad: Mor-
ton as genotype. Wade, in 1926, cited Drwi as a species of
Veniella. This procedure as maintained by Pervinquiére is not
justified as Roudaireia is easily separated from Vemiella by its
heavier shell, more massive ribs and sharp umbonal ridge.

Roudaireia auressensis Coquand lacem Gato Seuelem 2

Trigonia Auressensis H. Coquand, 1862 Géologie et Paléontologie de la
Région Sud de la Province de Constantine, Mém. Soe. emulation
Provinee, p. 203, pl. 12, figs. 10, 11.

Trigonia distans Frass, 1867, Aus dem Orient, Pt. 1. Geologische
Beobachtungen am Nil, auf der Sinai-Halbimsel und in Syrien, p. 93,
pl. 1, fig. 14, not Conrad, nor Coquand.

56Munier-Chalmas, 1881, In Roudaire, Mission dans les Chotts tunisiens,
Archives des Missions Scientifique et Litteraires, 3rd ser. vol. 7, pp.
303-304.

s7Stoliczka, 1871, Cretaceous fauna of Southern India, vol. 3. The Pelecy-
poda. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India.

s8Douvillé, 1904, Sur quelques fossiles de Madagascar. Bull. Geol. Soc.
de France, 4th series, vol. 4, pp. 215-217.

40 : BULLETIN 69 40

Cyprina acute-carinata Coquand, 1880, Etudes supplémentaires sur la
Paléontologie algerienne, Bull. de 17’Academie d’Hippone, no. 15, p. 112.

Lyriodon auressensis Coquand, 1880, Op. cit. p. 387.

Roudairia Drui Munier-Chalmas, 1881, in Roudaire, Mission dans les
Chotts tunisiens, Archives des Missions Scientifique et Litteraires,
3rd ser. vol. 7, pp 305-306, pl. 4, figs. 1-7.

Roudaireia Auressensis Peron, 1890, Invertebres fossiles des terrains
Cretaces de la region sud des Hauts-Plateaux, Exploration Scientifique
de la Tunisie, p. 299, pl. 29, figs. 10-12.

Roudairia Drui Quaas, 1902, Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Fauna der ober-
sten Kreidebildungen in der libyschen Wuste (Overwegischichten und
_ Blatterthone), Paleontographica, vol. 30, p. 221, pl. 24, figs. 20-22.

Roudairia Auressensis Krumbeck, 1906, Beitrage zur Geologie und
Palaeontologie von Tripolis, Paleontolgraphica, vol. 53, p. 110, pl. 9,
fig. 1.

Roudaireia Drui Pervinquiere, 1912, Eiudes de Paleontologie Tunisienne,
Pt. 2, p. 230, pl. 15, figs. 9a-b, 10, 1le-d, 12a-b, 13a-b.

Roudaireia auressensis Di Stefano, 1912, Faune cretaciche del Deserto
arabico, p. 169.

Roudaireia Drui Parona, 1914, Tripolitania, p. 21.

Roudaireia auressensis Fourtau, 1917, Catalogue des Invertébres fossiles
de l’Egypte. Terrains Crétacés, 2me partie, Mollusque Lamelli-
branches, pp. 63-65, pl. 3, figs. 2, 2a, 3, da.

Roudaireia auressensis Greco, 1917, Fauna Cretacea dell’Egitto, parte
terza, Palaeontographica Italica, p. 135, pl. 16 (15), fig. 22.

Roudaireia auressensis Haug, 1920, Traité de Géologie, Pt. 2, Les
Périodes géologiques, p. 1331, fig. 399.

Roudairia Drui Gerth, 1928, Neue Faunen der oberen Kreide mit Hip-
puriten Leidsche Geologiscne Mededeelingen, V 1928, p. 234.

Roudairia brasiliensis Maury, 1930, O Cretaceo da Parahyba do Norte,
Monographia No. 8, Servico Geologico e Mineralogico do Brazil,, pp.
224-226, pl. 8, fig. 10. .

The occurrence of this characteristically North African
species in the Upper Cretaceous rocks of northern Peru has al-
ready been recorded by Gerth from examples collected along
the south side of the Silla de Paita. The Monte Grande speci-
mens are large with a strongly sculptured shell of solid texture.
The concentric ribs or folds are well developed anterior of the
umbonal ridge. A small rib or fold is usually visible in the
middle of the posterior area, being most conspicuous near the
beaks. This secondary rib is well-shown in Peron’s figure. The
shells vary from moderately elongated forms to others which are
rather high and elevated.

Peron considered Roudaireia Drui‘as the same species as the
earlier described Trigonia Auressensis of Coquand and most re-
cent workers such as Di Stefano, Fourtau and Greco have

41 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 41

shared in this view. This opinion was contested by Quass and
more particularly by Pervinquiere, who studied the types of
Coquand and Munier-Chalmas. According to Pervinquiére, the
variability of Roudaireia Drui is of limited degree, the shell is
heavier in texture than Coquand’s type of auressensis which
has a noticeably produced posterior extremity. Pervinquiere
described the type Drwi as triangular, squarely truncated, the
escutcheon forming a right angle with the rest of the shell and
ornamented only with spaced lamine of growth. In Peron’s
figure I1 (Plate 29), a secondary rib is shown lying in the center
of the posterior-dorsal area. This figure, according to Pervin-
quiere, is inaccurate and was drawn from several specimens,
none of which show as marked a secondary rib as figured.
Finally it was noted that the types of Coquand’s Trigonia Aures-
sensis were indicated as coming from the Cenomanian while
Roudareia Drui was described from the Senonian. On the other
hand, Fourtau and Greco from their study of abundant Egyptian
material, have accepted Peron’s contention of the specific iden-
tity of Roudareia Dru with auressensis. Fourtau found the
variation of Drw to be much greater than admitted by Pervin-
quiere. In Fourtan’s figure 2a, the dorsal-posterior area is
shown as being sculptured only with growth-lines.

The Peruvian material is notably variable, some specimens be-
ing short and high while others are elongated with a pointed,
posterior extremity. Except in such specimens which have suf-
fered through excessive weathering, some indication of a sec-
ondary rib is seen on the posterior-dorsal area, in many cases
quite as strong as shown in Peron’s figure. For these reasons
I have followed Peron, Fourtau and Greco in considering Rou-
daireia Dru as a complete synonym of Coquand’s auressensis.

Roudareia crassoplicata Noetling®® from the Maestrichtian
beds of Mari Hills in Baluchistan should be mentioned. This
species which was described from a fragmentary right valve is
obviously closely related to awressensis as recognized by Noetling
but it is said to be distinguished by its comparatively longer and

“®*Noetling, 1897, Fauna of the Upper Cretaceous (Maestrichtian) beds of
the Mari Hills. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeon-
tologica Indica, ser. 16, vol. 1, pt. 3, p. 49, pl. 12, figs. 8, 8a.

42 BULLETIN 69 42

narrower folds on the anterior part of the shell. In view of the
great variability shown by the Peruvian forms of auressensis, |
am inclined to place the recently described Roudareia brasiliensis
of Maury from the Upper Cretaceous of eastern Brazil, as a
synonym or subspecies of auressensis. Maury’s figure shows a
high, quadrate form similar to that shown by many of the Peru-
vian shells but with somewhat finer and more regular concentric
folds. The posterior area has the secondary rib of auressensis.

Coquand described his Trigonia Auressensis from the Caren-
tonian (Cenomanian) of Batna, Algeria, but as suggested by
Peron, Coquand may have been mistaken as to the exact locality
and formation of his type specimens. It was indicated as an
Upper Cretaceous species by Peron in Algeria and Tunis while
Pervinquiére recorded Roudaireia Dru from the Coniacian and
Maestrichtian. In Tripoli, it was shown to be a Maestrichtian
species by Krumbeck and Parona. According to Quaas, it
occurs in Egypt in the zone of Exogyra overwegi or in beds of
Maestrichtian age while Fourtau has listed Roudaireia aures-
sensis at several localities in his Aturian stage which embraces
the Campanian and Maestrichtian. It was found to be a Mae-
strichtian species by Di Stefano in the Arabian desert. It would
thus appear from these records that Roudaireia auressensis
although found in the greater part of the Upper Cretaceous
other than the Danian, is most commonly a Maestrichtian species.
It has also been recorded by Solger®° from the Upper Cretaceous
of the Cameroons.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande, both in the Monte Grande conglomerates and in
the upper part of the underlying black shales.

Roudaireia jamaicensis peruviana, n. sp. Plate 2, fig. 6

ef. Roudaireia jamaicensis Trechmann, 1927, The Cretaceous Shales of
Jamaica, The Geological Magazine, vol. 64, p. 58, pl. 2, figs. 1, 2.
Shell large, solid and widely cordate; beaks prosogyrate, near-
ly touching and situated near the anterior end but never quite
terminal; the posterior-umbonal ridge is strong, flange-like and

defines a wide, posterior submargin or slope which is typically

60Solger, 1904, Die Fossilien der Mungokreide in Kamerum und ihre Geo-
logische Bedeutung mit besonderer berucksichtigung der Ammoniten,
Beitrage zur Geologie von Kamerun von Drs. E. Esch, F. Solger, M.
Oppenheim und Prof. O. Jaekel, p. 280.

43 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 43

flattened along the sides but vau!ted or convex in the middle
zone; in front of the posterior ridge, the shell is widely depressed
b it becomesagain strongly convex on the anterior half; the lunule
is widely cordate and sunken; the young shell and the umbonal
portion of older specimens is sculptured with strong, concentric
ribs or undulations which are strongest on the anterior half of
the valves but generally fade out before reaching the posterior-
umbonal ridge; usually these concentric ribs become obsolete
rather early so that larger and older shells are quite smooth ex-
cept for growth-lines or the deeper grooves of resting intervals ;
hinge not seen.
Length 69.00 mm.; height 70.00 mm. ; diameter 62.00 mm.
59.00 mm ;. 52.00 mm.; semidiameted 23.00 mm.

Remarks.—This Roudaireia is easily distinguished from aures-
sensis by its larger size, less elongate form, smoother sculpture
and absence of a secondary fold or rib in the middle of the
posterior submargins. Our largest specimen has a length of
70.00 millimeters. Roudaireia jamaicensis Trechmann from the
Upper Cretaceous rocks of Jamaica, is very near the Peruvian
form but according to Trechmann’s figure and description of the
adult form, has its beaks nearly terminal in position. The small
specimen collected near Catadupa, Jamaica, and shown by Trech-
mann’s figure 2 may possibly belong to another species.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Superfamily ASTARTACEA
Family ASTARTIDAE ©
Genus ASTARTE Sowerby

Astarte debilidens Gerhardt

Astarte debilidens Gerhardt, 1897, Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kreide-
formation in Colombien, N. Jahrb. f. Min., ete., BB., vol. 11, p. 102,
pl. 2, figs. 7a, b, ¢.

Astarte debilidens Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von Peru, p. 138, fig. 164.

Remarks.—Several specimens of this species were collected at

Pan de Azucar. It is a small shell with a length of about 10
millimeters and sculptured with coarse, concentric ribs. It was
originally described by Gerhardt from the Albian rocks of
Pariatambo. .

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan

de Azucar.

44 BULLETIN 69 44

Family CRASSATELLIDAE

Genus CRASSATELLA Lamarck

Crassatella caudata Gabb Plate 4, figs. 4, 6

Crassatella caudata Gabb, 1877, Description of a collection of fossils
made by Dr. Antonio Raimondi in Peru, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.,
2nd ser., vol. 8, p. 287, pl. 40, fig. 18.

Cyrena Durfeldi Steinmann, 1881, Uber Tithon und Kreide in den peru-
anischen Anden, N. J., Min. ete., vol. 2, p. 144, pl. 8, figs. 6, 7.

Cragsatella (Crassatella) caudata Gerhardt, 1897, Beitrag zar Kenntnis
der Kreide-formation in Venezuela und Peru, N. J. Min. ete., BB.,
vol. 11, pp. 107, 108, pl. 2, figs. 11a, b.

Crassatella caudata Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von Peiu, p. 138, texa-
figure 168.

This species was described by Gabb from the black shales of
the so-called coal mine of Pariatambo. Steinmann in his dis-
cussion of a collection of fossils from this locality, referred
caudata to Cyrena believing it to be a non-marine species but sub-
sequently Gerhardt was able to reaffirm Gabb’s original reference
of the form to Crassatella. This species together with Astarte
debilidens Gerhardt have been considered by Gerhardt and Stein-
mann as chacteristically Albian species as both are common in
the black shales of the Pariatambo horizon. However both
Crassatella caudata and Astarte debildens are quite common in
the typical Pananga limestone of Pan de Azucar associated with
a fauna generally regarded as Aptian elsewhere in Peru so that
these two fossil forms are among the few known species whose
stratigraphic range embraces both formations.

Specimens from Pan de Azucar are sometimes well preserved
but usually the thick shell is broken during collecting and only
the smooth internal mold remains. Our shells appear somewhat
more cuneate than the forms figured by Gerhardt.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, pan-
de Azucar.

Superfamily CARDITACEA
Family CARDITIDAE
Genus VENERICARDIA Lamarck
Venericardia weberbaueri, n. sp. Plate 6, figs. 3, 5

Shell of medium size, subcircular and moderately convex;
beaks small, adjacent and situated at the anterior one-fourth;

45 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 45

umbos wide, passing into the full convexity of the shell which is
somewhat posterior and above the middle; the umbonal slope is
weakly defined, showing principally in a change of sculpture and
size of ribbing; on the center and ventral portion of the shell, the
ribs become heavier and wider but the interspaces usually re-
main deep and wider than the ribs themselves; in some forms,
the ribs are very heavy and cord-like, between deep, grooved in-
tervals; the ribs number about 21 to 23, there being 16 or 17 an-
terior of the umbonal angle and 5 or 7 on the posterior slope ;
the ribs on the posterior slope are smaller and more crowded
than the ribs elsewhere; interior unknown.
Length 30.00 mm. ; height 29.00 mm. ; diameter 20.00 mm.
Remarks.—This Venericardia is common at Monte Grande
but from long exposure to weathering, the details of sculpture
have been destroyed on most specimens. On the umbos the ribs
are thin-edged and separated by deep, wide intervals; but it is
not known whether the ribs were smooth or beaded in their
original state. Considerable variation may be noted in the sculp-
turing of the adult shell. In some cases, the ribs remain narrow
over the anterior and middle portion of the shell while in others,
the ribs are broad and heavy on the umbonal slope with narrow
or simply grooved intervals, It is interesting to note, that in the
number of ribs (21 to 23), Venericardia weberbauert shows its
affinities with the Peruvian Eocene group of Venericardia plami-
costa and was probably the direct percursor of these latter forms.
In respect to size and form, lenericardia weberbauert bears
some resemblance to /’enericardia beaumonti d’Archiac originally
described from the Maestrichtian beds of India since found to be
a widely distributed species in beds of the same age in northern
Africa and elsewhere. The Peruvian species differs from beau-
monti by its simpler sculpture and plain intervals. Maury’s**
Venericardia maris australis from the Roudaireia beds of eastern
Brazil has strongly noded ribs and sculptured interspaces and is
probably more closely related to beawmonti than to weberbauert.
This species is dedicated to Professor A. Weberbauer of Lima
and author of the well-known “Die Pflanzenwelt der peruan-

61Maury, 1930, O Cretaceo da Parahyba do Norte, Monographia No. 8,
Servico Geologico e Mineralogico do Brazil, p. 219, pl. 8, fig. 9.

46 BULLETIN 69 46

ischen Anden” of inestimable value to all geological and bio!o-
gical students of the Andean region.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Montet Grande.
Superfamily RUDISTACAE

With the exception of the records of the remains of Rudistids
in the Lower Cretaceous limestones of northern Venezuela by
Karsten® and others at the famous caverns of Guachero (the
El Cantil formation of Liddle®) but never described nor figured,
and the description of Hippurites chilens's from Chile by d’Or-
bigny®*, the occurrence of these fossils on the mainland of South
America has on'y recently been proven.

In 1842, dOrbigny gave the name Hippurites chilensis to cer-
tain fossil remains from the Cretaceous limestones of Coquimbo
which appeared to be cross-sections of a colonial Rudistid re-
lated to Hippurites organisans of Europe. Douville® referred
briefly to chilensis as a questionable Agria and it appears prob-
able that this form will prove to be the same species as the wide-
ly distributed colonial Rudistid recorded by Steinmann®*,
Fritzsche™® and Gerth®* as Agria Blumenbachi in the Lower Cre-
taceous rocks of Peru. According to Steinmann®, the Hippur-
ites boliviensis of Berry™® from Bolivia is not of organic origin
and was derived from rocks of Lower Silurian and not Cretace-
ous age.

In 1928, Iddings and Olsson’! mentioned the association of

Rudistids with Roudaireia in the Upper Cretaceous rocks of

62Hermann Karsten, 1886, Géologie de l’Ancienne Colombie Bolivarienne,
. 9.

63Liddle, The Geology of Venezuela and Trinidad, p. 133.

64D’Orbigny, 1842, Voyage dans l’Amérique Méridionale, vol. 3, pt. 3, p. 92,
pt. 4). p. 1103; p. 107, pl. 22; fig. 16.

65Douville, 1910, Etudes sur les Rudistes, Rudistes de Sicile, d’Algerie,
d’Egypte du Liban et de la Perse. Mem. No. 41, Paléontologie, Société
Géologique de France, p. 6.

s6Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von Peru, p. 114, figs. 127, 128.

67Fritzsche, 1923, Neue Kreidefaunen aus Sudamerika (Chile, Bolivia,
Peru, Columbie) N. J. Min. ete. BB. vol. 50, pp. 321-323.

68Gerth, 1928, Neue Faunen der oberen Kreide mit Hippuriten aus Nord-
peru, Leidsche Geologische Mededeelingen, Deel 11, V 1928, p. 237.

68Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von Peru, p. 178.

7O0Berry, 1922, Hippurites from South America, Pan-American Geologist,
vol. 37, pp. 272-274, pl. 29.

71Iddings and Olsson, 1928, Geology of Northwest Peru, Bull. Amer. Assoc.
of Petro. Geologists, vol. 12, p. 9.

47 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 47

Monte Grande. Shortly after, appeared the description of
Gerth’s’? Pironaea peruviana from the Paita region. Pironaea
peruviana was considered by Gerth as a Campanian
species as it appeared to be related to Pironaea polystyla Pirona
of northern Italy. Gerth also recorded Agria cf. Blumenbachi on
the basis of specimens collected by Dr. Bravo from the Pananga
limestones of Muerto.

Three species of Upper Cretaceous Rudistids belonging to the
genera Orbignya (a Hippurite), Sphaerulites (a Radiolite) and
Durama have been discovered at Monte Grande. The Orbignya
is a short, stubby species distinguished by its small body-cavity
and very wide, porcellaneous layer. The surface of the upper
valve is partly covered with rock matrix while weathering has
destroyed the surface details on the exposed portion. The Radio-
lite is a large species measuring 10 inches or more in diameter
and belongs to the group of Sphaerulites foliaceous Lamarck.
It is identified with Sphaerulites nicholasi Whitfield from the
Upper Cretaceous rocks of Jamaica. It is abundant as frag-
ments of the outer or foliaceous layer which may be recog-
‘nized by their fine'y lamellated, non-cellular structure and branch-
ing vascular-like markings. The material of Dwrania consists
of a fragment of the outer layers of two individuals which had
grown together so that this species is probably a colonial type.
It is recognized as belonging to the subfamily Sauvagesinae by
the cellular structure of the outer layer. The body-cavity shows
no cardinal furrow (l’arete cardinale) or the remains of teeth
or pseudopillars so that the fossil is provisionally referred to
Douville’s genus Durania. A related species is Durania curasa-
vica (Martin) MacGillavry’? from Curacao but the Peruvian
species was probably larger and more coarsely sculptured.

With the exception of Gerth’s Pironaea peruviana, the pre-
vious records of Rudistids in South America have been noticed
only from Lower Cretaceous rocks. The discovery of a rich
Hippurite and Radiolite fauna at Monte Grande of Maestrichtian
or late Cretaceous age is therefore of exceptional interest.

72Gerth, 1928, op. cit. under 7, pp. 235, 236, figs. 2, 3.

78MacGillavry, 1932, The Rudist Fauna of Seroe Teintje Limestone (Nor-
thern Curacao), Proceedings of the Royal Academy Science of Amster-
dam (Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenshappen te Amsterdam) vol. 35,
pp. 885-389, pls. 1, figs. 7, 8. pl. 2, figs. 1-6, textfigures 3, 4, 5.

48 BULLETIN 69 48

Through Sphaerulites nicholasi and Roudaireia jamaicensis, the
Monte Grande fauna shows its close affinities with the late Cre-
taceous or Barrettia beds of Jamaica, Cuba and Honduras and
through Roudaireia auressensis and. others with North Africa
and eastern Brazil. It was to this sea and its extensions, inhab-
ited by the Cretaceous Rudistids and Orbitolinas and later by
the Tertiary, Orbitoidal foraminifera that Douville™* proposed
the name Mésogée as a particular phase of the old Central Med-
iterranean of Neumayr and the Tethys of.Suess.

Orbignya pacifica, n. sp. Plate 8, figs. 1, 2

Shell rather large with a diameter of 100 to 110 millimeters
across the upper valve, ponderous; upper valve, low, cap-like,
with its apex lying approximately in the middle; the lower valve
is much larger and heavier, the details of its surface destroyed
by weathering ; the upper valve is finely costated with numerous,
subregular riblets which are few and coarser in the apical por-
tion but increase by bifurcation in the marginal zone; in the api-
cal portion, these ribs number about 26 doubling in the middle
zone and quadrupling or more, nearer the margin; the riblets
are sculptured or finely crenulated (serrated) by rows of small
granules; pores are probably present but due to weathering and
re-crystallization, these have not been preserved; the right or
ligamental side of the upper valve is impressed with the valve
arched along the zone extending from the anterior to the pos-
terior side; cross-section of the lower valve shows the following
internal features: the external prismatic layer has an average
width of 6 millimeters on holotype and is brown in color; the
internal or porcellaneous layer is much wider (20 to 30 milli-
meters) and light-colored$ the contact ‘line of the inner and
outer layer is very sinuous and costated; the body-cavity is
small, broadly bean-shaped, its concave side facing the brachial
pillar; no ligament furrow (larete cardinale); the anal and
brachial furrows are well developed, showing as deep, spatulate
extensions ; cross-section of the anterior adductor is large, nar-
row and arcuate in outlines; the posterior adductor, lying oppo-
site the end of the anal furrow is rounded in form and of medium

74Douville, 1900, Sur la distribution géographique des Rudistes, Bull.
Géol. Soc. de France, vol. 28, pp. 222, 223, 228.

49 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 49

size; there are two cardinal teeth, the posterior one is rather
small; no auxiliary body-cavity.

Upper valve, anterior-posterior diameter 110.00 mm. diame-
ter, across right-left sides 107.00 mm.

Height of shell 75.00 mm.

Remarks——Deep weathering has destroyed the posterior-left
side of the upper valve, exposing the anal and brachial furrows
and a part of the interior of the lower valve. Due to this ex-
cessive weathering and recrystallization, the finer markings of
the surface have not been preserved on such parts as are uncov-
ered by rock matrix. The ligamental furrow or l’arete cardin-
. ale is absent or shows only as a depressed zone on the right side
of the upper valve. The body-cavity is unusually small and oc-
cupies but a small part of the shell and lies posterior of the cen-
ter. The inner or porcellaneous layer is greatly thickened, its
width ranging from 20 millimeters on the anterior side to 30
millimeters on the right side. The line of contact between the
inner and outer layers is strongly sinuous due to the deeply
ribbed or costated outlines of the inner layer. The inner layer
is coarse in texture and was probably originally occupied with
empty spaces now filled with recrystallized deposits of lime.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Monte Grande forma-
tion, Monte Grande.

Genus SPHAERULITES Delametherie
Subgenus LAPEIROUSIA Bayle
Sphaerulites (Lapeirousia) cf. nicholasi Whitfield Plate 8, fig. 4

ef. Radiolites (Lapeirousia) nicholasi Whitfield, 1897, Bull. Am. Mus.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, pp. 186-188, Pls. 6-9, all figures.

ef. Kadiolites nicholasi Trechmann, 1922, The Barretia beds of Jamaica,
The Geol. Mag., vol. 59, p. 507.

The most abundant remains of Rudistids at Monte Grande are
fragments of the foliaceous segments of the lower valve of a
large Spherulites. Vhese fragments are frequently two or three
inches thick with a fine, lamellar, algal-like, cellular structure.
The upper surface is marked with rather widely-spaced, forked
vascular lines.

50 BULLETIN 69 50

A few specimens (not collected) showing a part of the body-
cavity were observed. In the photograph, parts of the body-
cavity of four individuals may be seen and their relative size
may be judged by comparison with the prospecting pick which
has a length of 1314 inches. The size of the largest specimens
seen, have a diameter of about 10 inches. The Jamaican speci-
mens, according to Whitfield, may attain a diameter of 15-18
inches for the lower valve. Trechmann records Radiohtes
nichlost as occurring with Barrettia but 1s much less plentiful.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Genus DURANIA H. Douville
Durania, sp. Plate 8, fig. 3

This record is based on a fragment consisting of part of the
outer layers and impressions of the body-cavities of two Rudis-
tids which have grown together. The texture of the wall or outer
layer is coarsely lamellated, each lamina being subdivided by
minute partitions into numerous, small cells. The ventral surface
of the outer layer is undulated and coarsely reticulated, its cell
walls being a little elevated above their smooth interiors.

The body-cavity is deep and wide, separated from the thick,
coarsely cellular wall by a thin layer, light-brown in color and
marked with sinuated growth-lines and fine, longitudinal strie.
The cardinal furrow (I’ arete cardinale) is absent or it is repre-
sented simply by a small rib which does not extend into the
cavity of the shell or enter into the outer layer. The pseudo-
pillars of Lapeirousia are also absent. The coarsely reticulate,
cellular walls shows that this species belongs to the Sauvagesine
while the lack of a cardinal furrow and pseudopillars indicates
that the form probably belongs to the genus Durania proposed
by Douvillé in 1908 with Biradiolites.cornu-pastoris des Moulins
as genotype. From the described species of Durania in the old
world, the Peruvian form differs by its strongly lamellated tex-
ture of its outer layer while that of typical Durania is coarsely
cellular. Durania curasavica (Martin) recently redescribed and
figured by MacGillavry’"® from the Upper Cretaceous rocks of

75MacGillavry, 1932, The Rudist Fauna of Seroe Teintje Limestone
(Northern Curacao) Proceedings of the Royal Academy of Science of
Amsterdam (Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen te Amster-
dam) vol. 35, pp. 385-389, pls. 1, figs. 7,8 pl. 2, figs. 1-6; text wie, Bi, 2h Gi

51 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 51

Curacao is probably related to this species but the Peruvian form
is apparently larger and its outer layer has a much coarser
structure. Our material is too incomplete for a full characteriza-
tion and additional specimens are greatly needed.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Superfamily CARDIACEA
Family CARDIIDAE
Genus CARDIUM Linne

Cardium amotapense, n. sp. Plate 5, fig. 1

Shell of medium size, in form like Fragum with a sharp, um-
bonal angle and impressed and inflexed, posterior area; umbos
prominent, the beaks small and adjacent; the shell is moderately
convex; the sculpture consists of strong, triangular ribs and
deep interspaces, about 24 ribs on the anterior side of the
umbonal angle; these ribs on the holotype are strong, regular on
the central part of the shell (3mm. from crest to crest) but on
the anterior side diminish very rapidly in size; on the posterior
area, there are about 10 ribs which are at first large and strong
near the umbonal angle but become lower and irregular towards
the margins; the summit of the ribs are sharp and keel-like but
faint traces suggests the former presence of irregular nodes and
beads; ventral margin deeply fluted in a saw-tooth manner by
the ends of the ribs and their interspaces.

Length 40.00 mm.; height 49.00 mm. ; semidiameter 22.00 mm.

Remarks.—To this species belongs the common Cardium
of the Monte Grande formation but no specimen with well-pre-
served sculpture is known. The shell is Fragum-like in form
with a strong umbonal angle and a deeply impressed posterior
area. In recent Fragum and in the American species placed by
Stewart in Americardia, the ribs are flattened between narrow,
groove-like interspaces but in this species, the ribs are sharply
angled with deep, triangularly shaped intervals. On some speci-
mens, there are obscure traces which appear originally to have
been irregularly spaced nodes along the summit of the ribs.

The hinge is poorly preserved on two right valves. The pos-
terior cardinal is large, hook-shaped. The position of the laterals
is difficult to determine with certainty but both laterals appear

BULLETIN 69 52

OT
bo

to be closely crowded against the cardinals. There is no lunu'e
or impressed zone in front of the beaks.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Cardium, cf. Lissoni Briiggen Plate 5, fig. 3

Cardium Lissoni Briiggen, 1910, Die Fauna des unieren Senons von
Nord-Peru, N. J. Min. etc. BB., vol. 30, p. 756, pl. 26, fig. 1.

Shell large, thin, ventricose ; the umbos are very wide, inflated
with small beaks, closely adjacent and coiled over the hinge-line ;
the umbos are nearly central or with the posterior side a little
longer than the anterior; there is no differentiated, posterior dor-
sal area; the sculpture consists of low, but regular ribs separated
by well-marked grooved spaces; these ribs are numerous, num-
bering more than 50; they are flat, plain or mesially divided near
the ventral margin; the interspaces are flattened grooves without
evidence of former spines; hinge and interior unknown.

Length 60.00 mm. ; height 60.00 mm. ; semidiameter 24.00 mm.

Remarks.—Three specimens from Monte Grande represent
the material of this species. They are poorly preserved, the
shell being crushed and distorted while the surface is deeply
weathered so that their identification with Brtiggen’s species,
although probable, is not certain. They also bear some resem-
blance to Cardium Coniacium d’Orbigny™® from the French Cre-
taceous but the Peruvian shell appears to be more inflated.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Superfamily ISOCARDIACKA
Family ISOCARDIIDZ

Genus ISOCARDIA Lamarck
Isocardia wiedeyi, n. sp. Plate 2, figs. 4, 5

Shell of medium size to large, inflated with wide, prominent
umbos and a well-marked posterior-dorsal area; the general out-
lines of the shell is broadly sub-quadrate, the ventral margin is
slightly curved with rounded anterior extremity and subtruncated
posterior margins; beaks prosogyrate and approximate, rising
above and behind a deep area which is, however, not a typical

76)’Orbigny, 1848, Falcomtallogne Francaise, Terrain Crétacés, vol. 3, p.
28, pl. 244, figs. 1, 2.

53 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 53

lunule; the shell is quite convex, attaining its greatest inflation
in a broad arch or bulge in the region of the anterior one-third
and from which the surface slopes gently towards the posterior
umbonal ridge; the posterior submargin is limited by an umbonal
angle above which the surface is concave or depressed along a
medium zone; the shell originally thin has a simple sculpture of
concentric striz and growth-lines; hinge unknown.

Length 55.00 mm.; height 52.00 mm. ; semidiameter 23.00 mm.

Remarks.—This species is well characterized by its general
Tsocardia form with well-marked posterior areas and elevated,
closely approximate beaks. The shell is thin and delicate in tex-
ture, the specimens being represented principally by internal
casts partly covered by a thin, crystallized coating which has re-
placed the original shell. The pallial line lies close to the ventral
margin.

Certain species of An‘socardia Munier-Chalmas bear much
resemblance to this form but in 4Anisocardia, the posterior slope
is merely rounded and without differentiated submargins. Sev-
eral species from the Cretaceous rocks of Sergipe in eastern
Brazil have been described by C. A. White as belonging to the
genus Isocardia. I branneri™ seems to approach nearest to our
form but is smaller and narrower.

Myophoria spiralis Gabb™ from Pariatambo should probably
be referred to /socardia rather than Myophoria. Gabb’s species
is much smaller than wiedeyi, the posterior-dorsal area is flatter
and narrower in form and the umbos and beaks more nearly
central. Gabb referred his shell without hesitation to Myophoria
Bronn, a Triassic genus and it was partly because of the occur-
rence of this form together with Ammonites carbonarius (Oxy-
tropidoceras peruvianum von Buch) which seemed to have Juras-
sic rather than Cretaceous affinities, that Gabb referred the fos-
sil heds of Pariatambo to the Lower Liassic.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

77White, 1888 Contributions to the ony of Brazil, Archivos do
Museu Nacional do Rio Janeiro. vol. 7, p. 81, pl. 6, figs. 18, 19, 20.

78Gabb, 1877, Description of a Cesiaion of Togisiille, made by Doctor An-
tonio Raimondi in Peru, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 2nd. series,
vol. 8, p. 289, pl. 41, ies. 4, 4a.

54 BULLETIN 69 54

Isocardia pananga, n. sp. Plate 2, fig. 2

Shel! of medium size, with high and very prominent umbos
and small, pointed beaks; in outlines, the shell 1s subovate to
subcircular, except in so far as this contour is modified by the
great prominence of the umbos; ventral margin short, rounded
with a tendency to become nearly straight or truncate on the
anterior and posterior extremities; the valve is strongly convex,
this inflation reaching its maximum in the anterior zone or along
a line extending from the beaks to the anterior one-third of the
ventral margin; the posterior-dorsal region is depressed and lim-
ited by an angled, umbonal ridge; valves were originally thin and
probably ornamented only with growth lines; interior unknown.

Height 62.00 mm.; length 55.00 mm.; semidiameter 21.00 mm.

Remarks.—This species resembles /socardia wiedeyi but is
distinguished by its outlines and higher umbos. Jsocardia zit- -
tela Hzl"®. from the German Cretaceous is somewhat similar to
this species but is larger and with strongly curved beaks.

Locality and Geologic Occucrrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar. 5

Superfamily VENERACEA
Family VENERIDAE

Genus ANTIGONA Schumacher
Antigona, sp. Plate 5, fig. 6

Shell of medium-size, solid, rounded and strongly convex ;
beaks at the anterior one-third, are closely adjacent, coiled over
the flattened lunule ; umbones full and wide; posterior-dorsal side
curved and strongly arched between the ligamental margin is
deeply excavated; the valves are strongly convex, the greatest
inflation being located in the middle; the anterior and posterior
extremities are evenly rounded and nearly equally produced; the
ventral margin is but little rounded; lunule is rather large, flat-
tened and limited by a groove; interior unknown.

Length about 37mm. ; height 32 mm.

Remarks.—There are several species of Venerids in the
Monte Grande collection but their state of preservation is too
poor to permit of exact determination. The species here de-
scribed and figured is the commonest form. It is a medium-
sized shell with an average !ength of about 37 millimeters and

79Holzapfel, 1889, Die Mollusken der Aachenar Kreide, Palaeontographica,
vol. 35, p. 177, pl. 15, figs. 2, 3, 4a, 4b. oe

55 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 55

has a surface sculpture of coarse, crowded riblets. It bears
some resemblance to Quaas’ figures of his Cytherea Rohfsi from
the Egyptian Cretaceous. Another species from Monte Grande
has a sculpture of thin and distantly spaced riblets similar to the
surface markings of some species of Antigona. There is also a
large Venerid at Monte Grande with strongly convex valves and
nearly smooth sculpture. It has a length of about 80 millimeters.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Genus PTYCHOMYA Agassiz

Ptychomya, cf. lissoni Sommermeier
ef. Ptychomya Lissoni Summermeier, 1913, Die Fauna des Aptien und
Albien im noérdlicken Peru, Pt. 2, p. 383, pl. 14, fig. 1.
ef. Ptychomya Lisséni Stemmann, 1929, Geologie von Pert, p. 127,
textfigure 143.

Our collection contains a fragment of a Ptychomya from the
Pananga limestones. The specimen is too poorly preserved for
exact determination, but in the finer ribbed sculpture on its pos-
terior submargins, it bears considerable resemblance to Ptychom-
ya lissont of Sommermeier and very likely belongs to that spe-
cies. Sommermeier described Ptychomya lssoni from the
Hacienda Calluan in the valley of Condebamba where it is found
associated with a Kuemiceras fauna. Lisson*® has recorded
Ptychomya buchiana Karsten from the same beds in the Proy-
inces of Cajamarca, Chota and Contumaza.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azcuar.

Genus ICANOTIA Stoliczka

Icanotia peruviana, n. sp. Plate 5, fig. 5

Shell of medium size, elongate-ovate or subelliptical; umbos
low, inconspicuous, situated at the anterior one-third; the dorsal
side is straight; the ventral side is somewhat shorter, curving at
the end into the anterior and posterior extremities; the shell is
but slightly convex, the greatest inflation lying just above the
middle of the valves; the external sculpture is weak; the middie
and anterior portions of the surface is smooth and marked only
with few widely spaced lines of growth; on the poster*¢~ »ortion

SoLisson, 1917, Edad de los Fésiles Peruanos y Distributién ce sus De-
positos en toda la Republica. Segunda Edicion, pp. 43, 44.

56 BULLETIN 69 56

there are strong, radial costae which increase in number and
become smaller in size anteriorly, fading away before reaching
the middle of the valve; interior unknown.

Length 53.00 mm. (imperfect); height 24.00 mm.; semidiam-
eter 3.50 mm.

Remarks.—This species is described from a single valve, the
anterior side of which is broken. Other fragments occur in the
same rock as the holotype but do not furnish additional infor-
mation. The shell was thin, smooth, except for growth-lines
and strong radial coste on the posterior portion. Several spe-
cies of Jcanotia have been described from Cretaceous rocks and
among these, /canotia peruviana is nearest related to [canotia
Studeri Pictet and Renevier from the Lower Aptian of Sainte-
Croix. Known species of this genus are the following.

Tcanotia escheri Pictet et Campiche (Valanginian) g Sta. Croix.

Icanotia intermedia Pietet et Campiche (Middle Neocomian) Sta. Croix.
Icanotia studeri Pic.et et Renevier (Lower Aptian) Sta. Croix.
Icanotia impar Zittel (Turonian) Gosau Austria.

Icanotia elegans d’Orbigny (Turonian) France.

Icanotia discrepans d’Orbigny (Turonian) France.

Icanotia elicita Stoliezka Arrialoor group, India.

Icanotia pulchra Wade Ripley Tennesee.

TIcanotia sp. Woods Upper Greensands, Hngland.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Superfamily TELLINACEA
Family TELLINIDAE

Genus LINEARIA Conrad

Linearia bomarea, n. sp. : _ Plate 6, fig. 4

Shell of medium size, tellinoid, subequilateral, subelliptical ; the
valves are but moderately convex, the right valve a little more
inflated than the left through the flexing of the ventral margin;
beaks small, approximate and situated a little posterior of the
middle so that the anterior side is a little longer than the pos-
terior; the anterior-dorsal margin is straight, the posterior is
more sloping with the two extremities broadly and equally round-
ed; the ventral margin is widely rounded; surface marking con-
sists of regular, fine, radiating and concentric riblets producing
an even, cancellated sculpture; this sculpture is the same over
most of the valve surface except on the posterior submargins

By7/ PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 57

where the radiating lines become coarse riblets ; interior unknown.

Length 47.00 mm. ; height 35.50 mm. ; diameter 16.50 mm.

Remarks.—The above description is based on a specimen with
tightly sealed valves. In outline and surface sculpturing, the
shell resembles some species of Semele. It also bears some re-
semblance to Linearia metastriata Conrad from the North
American Cretaceous but is less elongate and differs as well in
surface details.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Superfamily MYACEA
Family CORBULIDAE
Genus CORBULA Lamarck

Corbula montegrandensis, n. sp. Plate 6, fig. 7

Shell large for the genus, strongly and equally gibbous, Leda-
form; valves similar, that of the right being somewhat larger
and overlapping the left valve along the posterior side of the
ventral margin; ventral side of valves rounded or somewhat con-
tracted; umbos wide, with the small beaks situated a little an-
terior of the middle; the valves are strongly and equally convex,
this inflation greatest in the zone extending across the umbos
to the anterior-ventral one-quarter; the posterior side is pro-
duced, somewhat flexuous and bluntly pointed at its end; the
anterior-dorsal region is flattened; sculpture consists of strong,
regular, concentric riblets which number about 12 on the nepio-
nic valves but become merely crowded growth-lines on the ven-
tral portion; interior of valves unknown.

Length 28.00 mm. ; height 17.00 mm.; diameter 16.50 mm.

Remarks.—Among the recent and Tertiary groups of Corbula,
this species resembles the members of the subgenus Caryocorbula
Gardner (genotype, C. alabamiensis Lea, Claiborne) but is much
larger than most species of this group. In shape, the shell re-
sembles a large Saccella (Leda) but the valves are somewhat
flexuous, less regular in form and with a larger right valve
slightly overlapping the left valve along the posterior ventral re-
gion. The sculpture consists of strong, regular, concentric rib-

BULLETIN 69 58

1
co

lets which pass into crowded, growth-lines towards the ventral
margin.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Family SAXICAVIDAE
Genus PANOPAEA Menard
Panopaea berryi, n. sp. Plate 7, fig. 8

Shell of medium size, elongate-ovate; umbos wide and rather
prominent ending in the small beaks situated approximately at
the anterior one-third ; ventral and dorsal margins nearly straight
and parallel; the posterior extremity rounded and gaping; the
anterior extremity produced and more narrowly rounded, closed;
valves are moderately convex, the greatest inflation being located
approximately in the middle; surface smooth or ornamented only
by lines of growth.

Length 96.00 mm. ; height 46.00 mm.; diameter 35.00 mm.

Remarks.—This species resembles P. neocomiensis d’Orbigny*®*
and P. rostrata @Orbigny*™ (figured as P. arcuata d’Orb). from
the Neocomian of France. P. neocomiensis is proportionately
longer while in rostrata, the greatest inflation of the valves is in
the umbonal region. :

This species is named for Professor E. W. Berry of John
Hopkins University.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Glass GASTROPODA
Subclass STREPTONEURA
Order ASPIDOBRANCHIA
Suborder RHIPIDOGLOSSA

Family NERITIDAE

Genus DESMIERIA (Bayle) Douville

Desmieria peruviana, n. sp. Plate 4, fig. 8

Shell of medium size, with a large body-whorl and small, flat-
tened, eroded spire-whorls ; the sculpture consists of two rows of
large nodes, one situated near the posterior end of the body-

81D)’Orbigny, 1843, Paléontologie Francaise, Terrains Crétacés, vol. 3, p.
B29, Dl.zdda, HSS. 3-1.
82)’Orbigny, op. cit., p. 333, pl. 355, figs. 3, 5.

59 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 59

whorl, a short distance in front of the suture and forming a small
shoulder, while the other row lies approximately around the
middle; the nodes tend to be a little scabrous and face towards
the aperture ; between, these rows of nodes, the surface is smooth
or simply marked by the coarse, crowded lines of growth; on the
sutural side of the posterior row, the growth-lines are at times
raised into narrow rib-like extensions which connect these nodes
with the suture; between the lower row and the umbilical edge,
the ornamentation is principally formed by coarse growth-lines,
except that in the center of this zone there are a few obscure
traces of spirals; aperture and columellar margin covered with
matrix ; outer lip oblique.

Height 23.50 mm.; greater diameter 28.00 mm.

Remarks.—The aperture and columellar wall is unfortunately
covered with a hard matrix which cannot be removed without
damage to the specimen and therefore the reference of this spe-
cies to true Nerita or to Desmieria cannot be definitely estab-
lished. The genus Desmieria has been fully discussed by Dou-
villé. It is distinguished from Nerita, s. s. in having a series of
numerous, large and subregular teeth on the columellar border
while in Nerita, there are but two small teeth in the same place.
In sculpture, peruviana would seem to belong to Desmieria rather
than to Nerita. D. peruviana bears some resemblance to D. per-
sica Douvillé from the Persian Maestrichtian but has only two
rows of nodes instead of three, and no spirals.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande.

Order CTENOBRANCHIATA
Superfamily TAENIOGLOSSA
Family TURRITELLIDAE
Genus TURRITELLA Lamarck
Turritella forgemoli, n. subsp.

ef. Turritella Forgemolli Coquand, 1862, Géologie et Paléontologie de
la Region Sud de la Province de Constantine, p. 265, pl. 30, fig. 3.

ef. Nerinea Guettensis Noetling, 1897, Fauna of the Upper Cretaceous
(Maestrichtien) beds of the Mari Hills. Palaeontologica Indiea, ser.
16, vol. 1, p. 57, pl. 14, figs. 12, 12a, 13.

ef. Turritella Forgemolli Quaas, 1902, Beitrag zur Kenntniss der
Fauna der obersten Kreidebildungen in der libyschen Wuste (Over-
wegischichten und Blatterthone), Palaeontographica, vol. 30, p. 247,
pl. 25, figs. 38-40.

60 BULLETIN 69 60

ef. Turritella Morgani Douvillé, 1904, Mission ‘scientique en Perse par
J. de Morgan, vol. 3, Etudes Géologiques, pt. 4, p. 332, pl. 47, figs. 7, 8.

ef. Turriiella Forgemoli Krumbeck, 1906, Beitrag zur Geologie und
Paleontologie von Tripolis, Palaeontographica, vol. 53, p. 114, pl. 9,
figs. 4a-b.
ef. Turritella (Torcula) Forgemoli Peruvinquiére, 1912, Etudes de
Paléontologie Tunisienne, pl. 2, p. 42, pl. 3, figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5a-b.

ef. Turritella Forgémoli De Stefani, 1912, Fossili della Creta superiore
della Tripolitania, Palaeontographica Italica vol. 19, p. 293, pl. 27,
figs. 11-14. ; niet

Turritella ef. forgemolli Trechmann, 1927, The Cretaceous Shales of

Jamaica, The Geological Magazine, vol. 64, p. 87, pl. 1, fig. 4.

Turritella forgemoh is a common species in the late Creta-
ceous beds of North Africa and probably’ extended eastward
through Persia into Baluchistan. It has also been recorded by
Trechmann from Jamaica. According to Coquand, the type of
Turritella forgemoli was obtained from Lower Eocene beds in
Algeria. The species is characterized by ‘its slender form, flat-
whorls and usually has a pronounced swelling about the upper
suture. The Peruvian shells are similar but lack the sutural
swelling or at most it is poorly developed. There are also minor
differences in sculpture, the Peruvian subspecies being somewhat
coarser sculptured. The shells figured by Peruvinquiere from
Tunis have a fine spiral sculpturing while those figured by Quaas
from Egypt are nearly smooth. Under the name of Turritella
Morgam, Douvillé has figured a number of shells of varied as-
pect but his figures 7 and 8 as suggested by Pervinquiére, seem
to be typical forgemol.

Our shells are weathered, the intact surface sculpture being
preserved on only parts of the shell. There are four primary
but not very prominent spirals on each whorl. These spirals are
evenly spaced between wide, flat intervals or the anterior pair —
are slightly wider apart than the posterior pair. They are beaded
by the sinuous lines of growth. The growth-lines belong to
Guillaume’s Class 1.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Genus MESALIA Gray
Mesalia peruviana, n. sp. Plate 10, fig. 4
Shell of medium size, rather short or stubby in form; nucleus
and early spire-whorls unknown; post-nuclear whorls compara-
tively few in number, there being four preserved on the holo-

61 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 61

type; they increase rapidly in size so that the shell has a rapid
taper; the spire-whorls are sculptured with two, strong spiral
ridges which are heaviest on the whorls of the spire but fade
away on the body-whorl so that its contour is merely rounded;
secondary spirals were present but these are not well-preserved
on our specimens; on the spire-whorls, there is a strong spiral
lying in the zone between the central carina and the upper su-
ture; on the body-whorl, the spirals number six or more and all
are medium in strength and widely spaced; growth-lines sinuous,
with a wide sinus in the middle and a forward, basal lobe which
as in Mesala extends beyond the general plane of the aperture;
the columella appears to have been strongly twisted.

Length 45.00 mm.; diameter 26.00 mm.

Remarks.—The material of this species from Monte Grande
although abundant is not well preserved, the shells having suf-
fered through exposure to wind erosion or are encrusted with
rocky matrix. When adult, the shell is moderately large with
rapidly tapering whorls and pointed spire. It thus bears some
resemblance to the Eocene group of Woodsalia negritosensis
Woods* of the Negritos formation but the last whorl is not con-
tracted as in Woodsalia and the growth-lines are like those of
typical Mesalia. The two primary spirals which are strong and
prominent on the spire-whorls disappear almost entirely on the
last whorl while the growth-lines tend to form a costated or
rib-like sculpture.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Mesalia inca, n. sp. Plate 10, fig. 5

Shell small, stout; nucleus and early spire-whorls unknown;
post-nuclear whorls five or more, the whorls having a rapid
taper; they are sculptured with two, strong, primary spirals so
that the spire-whorls are biangled in contour; on the last whorl,
the primary spirals have diminished somewhat in size leaving the
face of this whorl rounded in form; the space between the two
primary spirals is rather widely concave, sometimes smooth or it

84Olsson, 1929, Eocene Mollusca and Brachiopoda, Bull. Amer. Paleon-
tology, vol. 15, pp. 18, 14, pl. 4, figs. 5, 6.

62 BULLETIN 69 62

carries a single spiral thread which increases in strength on the
body-whorl; the outer or sutuiai side of the primary spiral is
bordered by a flat or concave space of the same width as the
central one; a secondary spiral is present in the lower suturai
zone while additional spirals to the number of 9 or 10 may be
seen on the rounded base; growth-lines sinuous and Mesalia-lke,
the lower lobe projecting Leyond the upper so that the plane of
the aperture is inclined forward at the base; these growth-lines
may become quite strong, producing a costated sculpture; outer
lip thin, the columella slightly twisted.

Length 33.00 mm.; diameter 17.00 mm.

Remarks.—This is a much smaller species than peruviana with
a less rapid taper to its spire and more uniform sculpture. The
form of the shell is more nearly that of JVoodsalia but the
growth-lines are like those of Mesalia. Douville’s*? figures of
Mesaha fasciata Lamarck from beds of Maestrichtian age in
Persia bear much resemblance to this species but the mature sheil
of imca has a more rounded body-whorl and weaker sculpture.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Family MELANIIDAE
Genus PARAGLAUCONIA Steinmann

Paraglauconia pananga, n. sp. Plate 10, fig. 8

Shell of medium size, melanoid; nucleus and early spire-whorls
unknown ; the body-whorl and the two preceding turns are a little
convex in form and ornamented with three, low, finely beaded
spiral cords, separated by wide, smooth intervals; these cords
are disposed in the following order: a posterior cord bordering
the upper suture and partly concealing it, a second spiral situ-
ated at the posterior one-third and the same interval below this
and above the lower suture, lies a third spiral; a small, plain
fourth spiral borders the lower suture and on the body-whorl
emerging from the posterior side of the aperture forms the per
iphery of the body-whorl; base of body-whorl rounded ,smooth
except for growth-lines and very minute spirals: grovth-lines
sinuous noding the spiral cords; the growth-lines form a wide,
shallow sinus across the face of the whorl, its axis lying above

85Douville, 1904, Mission Scientificue en Perse par J. de Morgan. vol. 3
Etudes Géologiques, Mollusques Fossiles, pp. 329, 330, pl. 47, figs. 23-27,

63 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 63

the middle and along the upper spiral; there is also a very shal-
low sinus across the base of the body-whorl; outer lip sinuated.

Length 33.00 mm, (imperfect) ; diameter 17.00 mm.

Remarks.—In 1923, Fritzsche®* proposed Pseudoglauconia as
a subgenus of Plewrocera Rafinesque, the type selected being
Muricites strombiformis Schlotheim. This group was distin-
guished from Glauconia to which its species had been referred,
by its more slender shell and form of aperture. Unfortunately,
the name Pseudoglauconia had already been used by Douville’?
for a genus of Cerithids of which the genotype is Pseudoglau-
comia lissom of the Peruvian Eocene. This fact was noted by
Lisson** but he did not propose a new name. In his Geologie
von Peru, Steinmann* figured strombiformis var. perwana
Fritzsche under the name of Paraglauconia, evidently with the
intention of substituting this new name for Pseudoglauconia but
no direct mention of the change is made.

Paraglouconia pananga occurs sparingly in the Pananga lime-
stones at Pan de Azucar. The forms described by Fritzsche as
Pseudoglaucomia strombiformis peruana and Studeri are not
closely related to our species and belong to a much lower horizon
in the Cretaceous section of Peru.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Family NERINEIDAE
Genus NERINEA Defrance
Subgenus PTYGMATIS Sharpe
Section TELEOPTYXIS n. sect.

Type.—Nerinea peruviana, n. sp.

The following is a description of the section Teleopty-is.

Shel’ slender, turriculate, with numerous whorls; the face of
the vhorls are flattened to concave or excavated in the middle,
with smooth or coronated sutures; pillar generally solid, more
rarely perforate at intervals; columellar bearing two folds, the

86Fritzsche, 1923, Neue Kreidefaunen aus Siidamerika (Chile, Bolivia,
Peru, Columbia) Beitr. z. Geol. u. Pal. v. Sitidamerika. 27 N. Jahrb. Min.,
BB. vol. 50, p. 37.

87Douville, 1921, Journ. de Conchyl., vol. 66, p. 9, fig. 1, pl. 2, fig. 1.

88Lisson, 1926, Appendice a la obra. “Edad de los Fosiles peruanos y dis-
tribucion de sus depodsitos en toda la reptiblica. Soc. Geol. del Pert,
vol. 2, p. 45.

89Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von Peru, p. 112, fig. 125.

64 BULLETIN 69 6-4

lower (anterior) one much the larger; a hook-shaped parietal
fold, curving outward and a large labial fold pointing anteriorly ;
these folds (except the most posterior columellar one) are large,
thickening at the end and along the side, leaving only a narrow,
complicated passage for the body of the animal.

Remarks.—In his subgenus Ptygmatis, Sharpe®® included two
groups of species which have in common, a similar arrangement
of their internal folds. The first group or section A, included
such species as Nerinea Conimbrica, Olisponensis and Fleuriausa
d’Orbigny which have a solid or merely perforate pillar. In sec-
tion B, were grouped such species as Nerinea bruntrutana Thurm.
of the European Oxfordian which have a widely open umbilicus.
Sharpe did not designate any type and his description covers
both sections but he figured a section of Nerinea bruntrutana to
illustrate his subgenus. Cossmann* has restricted the Subgenus
Ptygmatis to forms related to Nerinea bruntrutana which he se-
lected as the genotype. Typical Ptygmatis is principally Jurassic
in its stratigraphic range but two Valanginian species have re-
cently been described by Pcelincev®? from the Caucasus. The
Cretaceous species referred to this genus by Cossmann belong
elsewhere.

Teleoptyxis differs from Ptygmatts by its typically solid pillar
which is produced anteriorly into a short beak. In some cases,
he pillar may be slightly perforate between the sutures but the
colurrella is essentially solid at most stages in the growth of the
shell. The internal folds like those of Ptygmatis give rise to a
complicated internal structure but in other respects are very regu-
lar in number and form. The posterior columellar fold (unlike
that of Nerinea bruntrutana) is much smaller than the others,
often showing as a mere protuberance in the cavity between the
enlarged anterior columellar and parietal folds. In both Ptyga-
matis and Teleoptyxis, the folds have enlarged to such a degree
that they leave only a narrow passage of complicated form for

20Sharpe, 1850, On the secondary rocks of Portugal, Quart. Journ. Geol.
Soe. London, vol. 6, p. 104.

®21Cossmann, 1896, Hssais de Paléoconchologie comparée, vol. 2, p. 32.

92Pcelincev, 1927, The Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous Fauna of the Crimea

and the Caucasus, Mémoires du Comité Geologique, Lenigrad n. s. no.
WP,

65 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 65

the body of the animal which give as expressed by Sharpe, a very
whimsical appearance to the sections of the shell. Teleoptyxis
appears to be restricted to the Cretaceous and includes the fol-
lowing species.

Nerinea Conimbrica Sharpe, Portugal
Nerinea Eschwegti Sharpe, Portugal
Nerinea Olisponensis Sharpe, Portugal
Nerinea Fleuriansa d’Orbigny, France

Nerinea (Teleoptyxis) peruviana, n. sp. Plate 10, figs. 1, 3

Shell slender, turriculate with numerous, slowly tapering
whorls ; each whorl is approximately three times as wide as high,
excavated in the middle so that the sutures are angled or carin-
ated; internal structure as figured with four folds, there being
two folds placed on the pillar and one each on the parietal and
labial walls; the posterior columellar fold is very small; shell
non-umbilicated ; the pillar is enlarged just anterior of the middle
of each whorl or in the zone of the anterior columellar fold and
a section of the pillar shows the presence of an internal cavity in
this region.

Length 115.00 mm.; diameter 30.50 mm.

49.00 mm. ; 37.00 mm. (imperfect speci-
men,

Remarks.—This species appears to be related to Nerinea co-
nmbrica Sharpe** from the Lower Cretaceous of Portugal but
differs by its concave, excavated whorls and elevated sutures
while those of conimbrica are flattened with consequently ap-
pressed sutures.

Nerinea peruviana is an abundant species in the Pananga
limestones and sections. of this shell along with those of Act@on-
cella are frequently seen on the smooth surface of this rock.
Mrhilaa cf. nerinaeformis Coquand has been recorded by
Paulcke®* (as Nerimea) from Hualgayoc but since Paulcke’s
material was poorly preserved it may possibly represent this spe-
cies. It is also Gerth’s®® Nerinea cf incavata.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar, Muerto, Que. Culebra.

93Sharpe, 1850, op. cit. pp. 114, 115, pl. 13, figs. 4a, 4c. i

®4Pauicke, 1903, Ueber die Kreideformation in Sudamerika, etec., N. J. Min.
BIR WOll, If, Do Aili

25Gerth, 1928, Neue Fauna aus Nordperu, p. 2338.

66 BULLETIN 69 66

Family CERITHIIDAE
Genus CERITHIUM Brugiére
Cerithium, sp. Plate 10, fig. 8
The only specimen of this species represented in our collec-
tion from Monte Grande is unfortunately very poorly preserved,
the shell having been flattened through lateral pressure and the
surface deeply weathered. The shell is of medium size (length
of six whorls, 53.00 millimeters) with a fairly rapid taper and a
sculpture formed by strong, fold-like ribs. The suture is filled
with matrix but appears to have been deep and excavated by the
ends of the ribs which project above it. By its form and sculp-
ture, this species resembles “Cerithiwm” mnegritosense Woods
from the Salina and Parinas formations of the Negritos region
but the poor preservation of the specimen from Monte Grande
renders a closer comparison of little value.
Locality and Geologic Occcurrence.—Monte Grande forma-
tion, Monte Grande.
Family STROMBIDAE

Genus PUGNELLUS Conrad
Pugnellus, sp. Plate 9, fig. 5

Three specimens of a Pugnellus were collected in the sand-
stones of Monte Grande. These appear to belong to an unde-
scribed species but they are too poorly preserved to be fully
characterized. Pugnellus tumidus Gabb** from Chile is probably
related to this species. Gabb’s figure of tumidus is poor but it
shows a strongly angled body-whorl and with callus covering the
the long, slender anterior canal and the spire. Philippi’s®’ fig-
ure of a Pugnellus as tumidus from Hualpen and the excellent
illustration by Wilckens®® of a specimen from the Cretaceous of
Quiriquina do not agree well with Gabb’s figure although prob-
ably representing the same species. The shells figured by Philippi
and Wilckens are stubbier in form, the anterior canal is recurved
and the lip and spire are thickly covered with callus: In the
Peruvian form, the shells are not noticeably angled, the shoulder

96Gabb, 1861, Description of some new species of Cretaceous fossils from
South America, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia for 1860, p. 197, pl. 3,
figs. 13, 14.

97Philippi, 1887, Die Tertiaren und Quartaren Versteinerungen Chiles, p.
BY poll, ils sales, By

98Wilckens, 1904, Revision der Fauna der Quiriquina-Schichten, N. J., Min.
etc., BB., vol. 18, p. 205, pl. 18, figs. 2a, b.

67 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 67

nodes are larger and more widely spaced and there is less callus
on the spire and outer lip.

Stewart considered Pugnellus tumidus as being related to
hamulus Gabb from the Californian Cretaceous and these species
were referred by Stewart to the genus Conchothyra “McCoy”
Hutton from New Zealand but as may be seen from the excel-
lent figures given by Wilckens! of Conchothyra parasitica
“McCoy” Hutton, the genotype, the American species are so
fundamentially different that they can hardly belong to this
peculiar genus of the New Zealand region.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,

Monte Grande.

Pugnellus ? cypreformis, n. sp. Plate 9, figs. 4, 6

Shell of medium size; spire small, pointed but at maturity con-
cealed wholly or partly by thick callus ; body-whorl, subcylindri-
cal, convex, smooth or having on the shoulder a series of small,
linear nodes ; anterior canal small and slightly recurved; aperture
linear,the outer lip, straight, heavy, the inner lip covered by a
thick deposit of callus, the two joining above, around a broad,
posterior canal; interior of aperture and columellar region con-
cealed.

Length 53.50 mm. ; diameter 30.00 mm.

44.00 mm. ; 28.50 mm.

Remarks.—The generic reference of this perculiar species to
Pugnellus is tentative, pending the discovery at Monte Grande
or elsewhere of better preservel material. Young shells are
Strombus-like with a small, pointed spire and straight, slightly
thickened outer lip. Old shells, through the increased thickening
of the outer lip and spread of callus growth on the inner wall
and around the posterior canal, assume a Cypraea or Marginella-
like form. The callus deposit is thickest around the posterior
canal, covering the spire and adding to the length of the outer
lip. Unfortunately, the interior of the aperture is concealed by
hard, rocky matrix. On the back of the body-whorl, there are
usually six or more node-like undulations similar to those seen

89Stewart, 1926, Cabb’s California Fossil Type Gastropods, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 78. p. 358.

100Wilckens, 1922, Geol. Sur. of New sealed), Paleontology, Bull. 9, pp.
T4117, pl. 3, figs. 1-6; pl. 4, figs. 1, 2.

68 BULLETIN 69 68

on many species of Pugnellus.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Genus CALYTRAPHORUS Conrad
Calyptraphorus hopkinsi, n. sp. : Plate 10, fig. 2

Shell of medium size, subfusiform; spire long, acute, composed
of several whorls with the sutures concealed by a film of callus;
the body-whorl of medium size with the anterior canal a little
shorter and more tapering than the spire; aperture narrow, end-
ing at the upper end in a posterior canal which is continued to
the tip of the spire and then down the opposite side to the middle
of the body-whorl; due to the extension of the posterior canal,
the whorl section appears to be compressed or flattened; surface
smooth, with a small rib or fold developed on the back of the
body-whorl; with the callus film removed, the spire-whorls are
seen to be ornamented with straight, widely spaced, fold-like ribs ;
these ribs are nearly in line or extend across the sutures; there
are 10 ribs to each turn, strongest on the earliest whorls but dis-
appear before reaching the penultimate; spirals absent.

Length 32.00 mm. (imperfect) ; diameter 24.00 mm.

Remarks.—The genus Calyptraphorus is most characteristic of
Eocene deposits and its occurrence in the late Cretaceous rocks
of northern Peru is therefore of interest, especially since it is
still unknown in the Peruvian Eocene where its place is taken by
Alulacodiscus. Two other species of Calyptraphorus have been
described from Cretaceous deposits. Calyptraphorus se ptentrion-
alis Stanton?*? from the Cannonball marine member of the Lance
formation of North Dakota and Rostellaria palliata Forbes?”
from the Arrialoor group of India. Neither of these species re-
semble hopkins. Calyptraphorus ? chelonites White? from the
Maria Farinha beds of eastern Brazil, is a small, delicate form,
probably of Eocene age.

1918tanton, 1920, The Fauna of the Cannonball Marine Member of the
Lance Formation, U. S. Geol. Survey, Prof. Paper 128-A, p. 39, pl. 7
figs. 5a-5d, 6.

102Stoliczka, 1868, Cretaceous fauna of southern India, Palaeontographica
Indica, vol. 2, pl. 2, figs. 18-20.

108White, 1888, Contributions to the Paleontology of Brazil, Archivos de
Museu Nacional do Rio Janeiro, vol. 7, p. 174, pl. 11, figs. 17-19.

7

69 ; PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 69

Locality and Geologic Occurrence—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Superfamily RACHIGLOSSA
Family BUCCINIDZ
Genus PSEUDOLIVA Swainson

Pseudoliva, sp.

One specimen of a large Pseudoliva was collected from a hard,
green sandstone interbedded amongst black shale in the bed of a
small tributary of Quebrada Monte Grande. Only a part of the
ventral side of the body-whorl is visible, the spire being con-
cealed by matrix and the outer lip is broken.

The spire is slightly elevated, conic, with a large expansive
body-whorl forming more than four-fifths of the whole shell.
The shoulder was ornamented or notched with strong, fold-like
ribs which extend not quite to the middle of the whorl beyond
which the dominate sculpture is formed by coarse, revolving
grooves. The anterior canal is narrowly umbilicate or perfor-
ate. Above the basal grooves, the surface of the whorl aside
from axial ribs appears to be smooth.

Compared with similar species, the Peruvian form resembles
Pseudohva libyca Quaas’* from the Overweigischichten of
Egypt both species having the axial ribs continued downward
over the face of the whorl. In the Egyptian shell, the surface
is sculptured with strong spirals and the basal grooves are ap-
parently weaker than in the Peruvian form. Pseudoliva dechor-
data White’®® (as Harpa) from the Maria Farinha beds of east-
ern Brazil is also very similar, the only marked difference being
the higher spire and weaker basal spirals. According to White,
the surface of the anterior volution is apparently plain except
that a little forward of the middle, it has a slender, impressed re-
volving line. Sulcobucc nium Michelini Coquand?* from the
Suessonian of Constantine has a higher spire with shorter ribs

104Quaas. 1902, Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Fauna der obersten Kreidebil-
dungen in der libyschen Wiiste, Palaeontographica. vol. 30, p. 274, pl.
Py, weds, Ik, Ae

105White, 1888, Contributions to the Paleontology of Brazil, Archivos do
Museu Nacional do Rio Janeiro, vol. 7, p. 136, pl. 13, figs. 7, 8.

106Coquand, 1862, Géologie et Paléontologie de la Region Sud de la Proy-
ince de Constantine, p. 268. pl. 30, figs. 1, 2.

70 BULLETIN 69 70

confined principally to the shoulder. In a similar way, the Eocene
species from Peru such as the group of Pseudoliva mutabilis
Woods and especially its subspecies woodsi Olsson differs by its
shorter, more knob-like, shoulder ribs while the whole surface
is lined with spirals.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Family FASCIOLARIIDAE
Genus FASCIOLARIA Lamarck
Fasciolaria ? calappa, n. sp. - Plate 4, fig. 2

Shell large, solid, volutiform; spire elevated, about one-third
the length of the shell; nucleus and early spire-whorls unknown ;
the body-whorl is large with a strong shoulder keel between
which and the suture there is a wide, flattened or concave area;
on the body-whorl, the shoulder is a heavily carinated ridge, be-
low which the face of the whorl is slightly contracted; surface
of shell smooth or ornamented only by growth-lines; character
of inner and outer lip unknown.

Height 128.00 mm. ; diameter 93.00 mm.

Remarks.—There are several worn and imperfect specimens
of this peculiar species in our collection. In form the shell re-
sembles certain types of the Volutide but the columellar wall
exposed on a broken, adult specimen is smooth or shows no
traces of folds and plaits. The shell also resembles the aberrant
genus Thersitea Coquand (genotype, Thersitea gracilis Coq.) of
the North African Eocene by its strongly thickened shoulder
keel but it differs by its non-contracted anterior canal and outer
lip. Until more perfect specimens are known, this very -char-
acteristic species of the Monte Grande formation, is referred ten-
tatively to Fasciolaria.

Locahty and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Subgenus CRYPTORHYTIS Meek

Fasciolaria (Cryptorhytis) cf. Bleicheri, Thomas and Peron
cf. Fusus Bleicheri Peron, 1889, Invertébrés fossiles des terrains Créta-
cés de la region sud des Hauts-Plateaux, p. 90, pl. 22. figs. 5, 6.
ef. Fasciolaria (Cryptorhytis) Bleicheri Pervinquiére 1912, Etudes de
Paléontologie Tunisienne, pt. 2, p. 70, pl. 5, figs. 12a. b, 13, 14, 15a, b.
Fusus Bleicheri Briiggen, 1910, Die Fauna des unteren Senons von Nord-
Peru, N. J. Min. ete. BB. vol. 30.

Fusus Bleicheri Steimmann, 1929, Geologie von Peru, p. 164, text figure
199.

71 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 71

This record is based on a sandstone cast of the body-whorl and
a small part of the preceding turn. This specimen measures 117
millimeters but in its perfect form probably equaled 145 milli-
meters. It resembles Briiggen’s figure of a specimen from Otusco
near Cajamarca and identified with Fusus Bleicheri of North
Africa. Peron’s figure of the original specimen from Tunis
show a shorter and broader form but like our shell is imperfect,
lacking the spire. Pervinquiére united with F. Bleicheri, a series
of shells showing considerable variation, from slender forms ap-
proaching Fusus Assailyi Thomas and Peron to the more typi-
cal shell illustrated by his figures 15a and b. In Africa F. Blei-
cheri 1s recorded by Pervinquiere only from the Lower Senonian
or the Coniacian.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Subclass EUTHYNEURA
Order OPISTHOBRANCHIA
Suborder TECTIBRANCHIATA
Family ACTEONIDAE

Genus ACTAEONELLA d’Orbigny
Actzonella peruviana, n. sp. Plate 9; fig. 7
Actaeonella (Volvulina) spee. Gerth, 1928, Neue Faunen der oberen
dsreide mit Hippuricen aus Nordperu, Leidsche Geologische Mededee-
lingen, Deel 11, Aflevering 4, V 1928, p. 233.

Shell large, elongate, cylindrical, somewhat broader in the an-
terior portion than in the posterior; body-whorl completely en-
veloping the preceding turns but with the posterior portion of the
shell somewhat contracted and produced; section of the shell
shows numerous whor!s which are not reabsorbed; columella
with three plaits; external surface smooth; aperture narrow,
linear, following the contour of the shell.

Length 100.00 mm. ; diameter 30.00 mm.

Remarks.—To the species of Act@onella such as A. levis
d’Orbigny, Stoliczka in 1868, proposed the name Volvulina but
Meek in 1863 had already designated A. levis as type of true
Acte@onella. For the species with an exerted spire with A. gi-
gantea Sowerby as genotype, the name, Trochactaeon was given
by Meek at the same time.

72 BULLETIN 69 iD

Act@onella peruviana together with Nerinea peruviana and
Peruvia gerthi are the most common and characteristic fossils
present in the Pananga limestones. Young shells of Acteonella
peruviana are less evenly cylindrical than the adult form, the
posterior or apical portion being more widely contracted and pro-
duced. With maturity, the shell becomes large, cylindrical or
cigar shaped. The average size of the adult is:about 100 milli-
meters but fragments indicating a length exceeding 115 milli-
meters are also known. The columella has three folds. The
Act@onella (Volvulina) cf. levis recorded by Gerth*’’ from the
Acteonella-Rudistenkalkstein on the south slopes of the Silla de
Paita is probably not this species.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar, Muerto, Que. Culebra.

Genus PERUVIA, n. gen.
Type.—Peruvia gerthi, n. sp.

The following is a description of the genus Peruvia.

Shell ovate, globose; the spire is pointed, its sides impressed
but completely enveloped by the last whorl; base of shell is
rounded with a short, projecting beak; aperture narrow, some-
what wider in front and extending the full length of the shell;
the pillar and anterior portion of each whorl is strongly thick-
ened with callus deposit ; columellar folds are absent at maturity
or they are reduced to a single, small p'ait situated at the upper
edge of the callus on the parietal wall.

Remarks.—Although one of the commonest fossils in the Pa-
nanga limestone, a perfect specimen of this curious form is not
known. In its usual weathered and fragmentary state, Peruvia
is easily mistaken for Acte@onella gigantea Sowerby and doubt-
less such a specimen was the basis of Gerth’s record of Acte@on-
ella cf. gigantea from Pan de Azucar. ‘The spire is pointed, at-
tenuated with impressed sides but completely enveloped by the
body-whorl as occurs in Acte@onella laevis d’Orbigny but true
columellar plaits such as those of Act@onella appear to be absent
from mature shells. A transverse section reveals a pronounced
thickening of the columella and anterior wall of each whorl fill-
ing the space between them. This callus deposit increases with

107Gerth, 1928, op. cit., p. 235.

73 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON Ge

age and in full-grown shells forms a thick growth materially di-
minishing the cavity formerly occupied by the soft parts of the
mollusk. The early whorls show two small, fold-like wrinkles,
the posterior one being constantly a little stronger and situated
on the parietal wall at the upper end of the callus. On the last
few turns only the posterior wrinkle has persisted the others be-
ing submerged in callus growth. If these plait-like wrinkles seen
on the earlier whorls are true folds they might indicate a re-
mote relationship with Act@onella which Peruvia resembles by its
enveloped spire and general external form but the folds are on
the parietal wa'l and not on the pillar while the exaggerated cal-
lus-growth of the pillar and lower aperture is quite foreign to
any of the known species of that genus.

Peruvia gerthi, n. sp. Plate 9, figs. 1, 2, 3

Shell of medium size, ovate, globose; spire completely envel-
oped by the last turn but with the posterior or apical portion of
the shell somewhat produced and pointed; the sides of the whorls
in the posterior region are noticeably impressed, while just below
ithe whorl appears slightly shouldered ; the base of the body-whorl
is rounded ending in a small, projecting beak; surface smooth
except for lines of growth; characters of complete aperture un-
known; pillar solid without folds; internal characters as de-
scribed above.

Height 50.00 mm.; diameter 34.00 mm.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Class CEPHALOPODA
Subclass TETRABRANCHIATA
Order AMMONOIDEA
Suborder EXTRASIPHONATA
Family TURRILITIDAE
Genus HELICOCERAS d’Orbigny

Helicoceras, sp. Plate 10, fig. 6

The sole record of the occurrence of Ammonites in the Monte
Grande fauna is based on a small fragment showing a quarter

74 BULLETIN 69 74

turn of a spirally coiled species. The whorls are rounded in sec-
tion with two rows of coarse tubercles, the first or most posterior
set situated just above the middle, the other and larger row placed
on the edge of the base. The space between these rows of tu-
bercles is smooth but have on their outer or sutural sides, a se-
ries of small ribs which extend into the umbilical region. The
coiling was probably right-handed and the species is provisionally
referred to the genus Helicoceras of d’ Orbigny.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Monte Grande formation,
Monte Grande.

Puzosia emerici Raspail

Ammonites Emerici Raspail, 1831, Ann. des Se. d’Observation, vol. 3,
pl. 12, figs. 6.

Ammonites Emerici d’Orbigny, 1840, Paléontologie Francaise, terrains
Crétacés, vol. 1, p. 160, pl. 51, figs. 1-3.

Puzosia ef. Emerici Sommermeier, 1910, Die Fauna des Aptien und Al-

bien im nordlichen Peru, Part 1, Cephalopoden, N. J. Min. ete., BB.
vol. 30, p. 373.

se Emerici Steinmann, 1929, Geologie von Pert, p. 123, textfigure

This species is represented in the collection from Pan de Azu-
car by a slightly weathered specimen measuring 155 millimeters
in its greater diameter. It resembles the figure given by Stein-
mann of a specimen from Cashapucro, W Sihuas except that the
umbilicus (nearly filled with matrix) appears to be slightly small-
er. There are marks of seven, radial furrows while eight are
shown on the specimen figured by Steinmann. D’Orbigny’s fig-
ure of Ammomites Emerici shows a much smaller shell with rela-
tively wider umbilicus and nearly circular section to its body-
whorl. Section of the body-whorl of the Peruvian shell is broad-
ly elliptical. Doubtless the Peruvian and French forms are close-
ly related but whether they are exactly conspecific cannot be de-
termined with the material at present known. According to
Sommermeier, Puzosia emerici is an index fossil for the Upper
Aptian.

Locahty and Geologic Occurrence-—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

75 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 75

Family DIPOLOCERATIDAE

Genus OXYTROPIDOCERAS Stieler
Oxytropidoceras parinense, n. sp. Plate 11, fig. 1, 4

Schloenbachia acuto-carinata Gerhardt, 1897, Beitrag zur Kenneniss der
Kreideformation in Columbien, N. J. Min. ete., BB. vol. 11, pp. 195-
196, pl. 5, fig. 19. (not Shumard).

Schloenbachie (Mortoniaeras) Royssiana Gerth, 1928, Neue Faunen der
oberen Kreide mit Hippuriten, Leidsche Geologische Mededeelingen,
Deel 2, Atlevering 4, V 1928, p. 233, (not of d’Orbigny).

Shell large, with numerous, sigmoidal ribs and wide, thin keel ;
the coiling is polygral, sub-angustumbilicate (umbilicus about
one-fourth the diameter) ; whorl section compressed with the
- sides flattened to slightly convex, then curving more strongly on
the dorsal and ventral sides; the venter is alticarinate or pro-
vided with a wide, thin keel which is approximately one-fifth of
the whorl section; the ornamentation consists of numerous, reg-
ular, sigmoidal ribs which are either single or bifurcate on parts
of the shell; the ribs are separated by spaces which are twice the
width of their summits or upper section; these ribs are oblique,
curving forward at their dorsal ends but are less oblique in their
middle portion and then bending into a smooth curve as they ap-
proach the umbilicus; the sides of the ribs appear to be nearly
equally steep; a forking of the ribs takes place in the zone bor-
dering the suture but seldom extends beyond the dorsal quarter ;
on the holotype, there are 49 to 50 ribs on the last half volution;
characters of the inner whorl are not known; suture lines not
preserved.

Remarks.—Among some fossils collected by Humboldt and
Bonpland at Montan, during their crossing of the Peruvian Andes
in 1802, were fragments of a large Ammonite later described by
Von Buch* as Ammonites peruvianus. The original specimens
of Humboldt-VonBuch have been studied by Schlagintweit to-
gether with additional material collected in the same region by
Sievers. According to Schlagintweit,?° the types of Ammonites
peruvianus are casts which were derived from the black, bitumi-
nous limestones (“Stinkkalk”) of the so-called upper Albian

108Buch, L. v., 1889, Pétrifications recueillies en Amérique par M. Alex-
andre de Humboldt et par Mr. Charles Degenhardt. Berlin, pp. 5, 6,
figs. 5, 6, 7.

109Schlagintweit, 1911, Die Fauna des Vracon und Cenoman in Peru, N. J.

Min. etc., BB. vol. 338, pl. 71.

76 BULLETIN 69 76

(or Vraconian) series of Central and Northern Paru, and thus
belong to a formation, equivalent to beds 6 to 10 of Steinmann’s
section along the Central Railway of Peru between Yauli and
Viscas; to the black shales of Pariatambo and to the Upper
Muerto limestones of Upper Parinas. Ammonites carbonarius
Gabb!"° from Pariatambo must be held a synonym of peruvianus
as maintained by Schlagintweit and Lisson."* Ammonites acuto-
carinatus Shumard from Texas was identified with peruvianus
by Marcou but as noted by White'!? and by Adkins,*’* Shumard’s
figure is so badly drawn that this species most remain doubtful
until the types have been refigured. The common O-xytropido-
ceras in Texas currently identified as acutocarinatum is a spe-
cies of the peruvianum group. Schlagintweit, who adopted an
ultra-conservative course, placed peruviana, carbonaria and
acutocarinata together with White’s'* bwarquiana from eastern
Brazil as synonymous with d’Orbigny’s Roissyana, but in the light
of recent knowledge this view cannot be accepted.
Schloenbachia multifida Steinmann’ originally described as
a variety of peruviana is probably a distinct species as held by
Spath1?® differing by its narrower whor! section and by its per-
sistently forked ribs, this branching beginning along the middle
line of the whorl. In acutocarinata according to Spath (probab-
ly true also of peruviana), the ribs may bifurcate in the young
but they are mainly simple on the outer whorl. The specimens
which Douglas!” figured as Schloenbachia multifida from Saco

110Gabb, 1877, Description of a collection of fossils, made by Dr. Antonio
Raimondi in Peru, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 2nd series, vol.
8, p. 269, pl. 38, figs. 2, 2a, 2b.

111Lisson, 1917, Edad de los Fésiles Peruanos y Distributién de sus De-
positos en toda la Republica, Segunda Edicti6on, p. 114.

112White, 1888, Contributions to the Paleontology of Brazil, Archivos do
Museu Nacional do Rio Janeiro, vol. 7, p. 224.

118Adkins, 1928, Handbook of Texas Cretaceous fossils, University of
Texas Bulletin, No. 2838.

114White, 1888, op. cit, under 5, p. 222, pl. 24, figs. 3-6, pl. 25, figs. 7, 8.

115Steinmann, 1881, Uber Tithon und Kreide in den peruanischen Anden,
N. J. Min. ete., vol. 2, p. 189, pl. 7, fig. 1.

116Spath, 1928, Ammonoidea of the Gault, Mon. Pal. Soc. London, p. 351.

117Douglas, 1921, Geological Sections through the Andes of Peru and Bo-

livia, Pt. 8, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soe. London, vol. 77, p. 267, pl. 16, figs.
2-5.

OU PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 77

near Oroya, have the wide, flattened unbranched ribs and grooved
interspaces of peruviana and doubtless belonged to this species
rather than multifida. On the other hand, Reesides,'** specimens
from near Archidona in eastern Ecuador and identified as
Oxytropidoceras (Manuaniceras) carbonarium Gabb should be
referred to multifidum.

Oxytropidoceras peruv.anum and multifidwum form a natural
group of large species with wide, flattened ribs separated by nar-
row, intervals or simply grooved interspaces. Specimens fully
half a meter in size are mentioned by Schlagintweit. To this
group belongs the Texan form generally identified as acutocar-
inatum. The Peruvian species are probably restricted in their
stratigraphic range to the bituminous limestones and black shales
of the Upper Albian series in Peru. |

Oxytropidoceras parinense is probably the species recorded by
Gerth as Schloenbachia (Mortoniceras) Royssiana from Pan de
Azucar. The French species, roissyanum which is the genotype
of Oxytropidoceras Steilert'® (and Pseudophacoceras Spath,’°
1921) differs from parinense by its smaller size, more rounded
sides and hence broader whorl section, the keel is less high and
the ribs are fewer and heavier. Among Texan species, Oxytro-
pidoceras parinense resembles some of the forms figured by Ad-
kins*** and grouped with belknapi Marcou but true belknapi has
fewer and stronger ribs while the other forms associated with
this species by Adkins have only simple, unbranched ribs. The
fragment figured by Gerhardt from Colombia as Schloenbachia
acuto-carinata may belong to this species but certain identifica-
tion is not possible. The form figured by Douvillé as Schloen-
bachia cf. Roissyana from Truxillo appears to be a species of

118Reeside, 1927, In Wasson and Sinclair, 1927, Bull. Amer. Assoc. of Pe-
troleum Geologists, vol. 11, pp. 1271, 1272, pl. 12, figs. 18-20.

119Steiler, 1920, Uber sogenannten Mortoniceraten des Gault, Centrb. f.
Min. etc., p. 346.

120Spath, 1922, Cretaceous Ammonoidea from Angola. Trans. Royal So-
ciety of Edinburgh, vol. 53, pt. 1, p. 98.

121A dkins, 1928, op. cit. under 6.

78 BULLETIN 69 78

Pervinquieria.

From the group of Oxytropidoceras peruvianum, this new
species is distinguished by its wider umbilicus, narrower whorl
section, flattened and nearly parallel sides and by its numerous,
elevated ribs which occasionally fork in the dorsal quarter. To
this species should probably be referred the specimen figured by
Douglas??? as Schloenbachia sp, [cf. acutocarinata (Schumard) ]
Bose from near Oroya. Ovytropidoceras parinense is very com-
mon in the Pananga limestones and thus occurs at a lower hori-
zon than the members of the peruvianum group.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Oxytropidoceras cf. karsteni Stieler IBlenasy Wil, ies BH

Oxytropidoceras Karsteni Stieler, 1920, Uber sogenannten Mortoniceraten
des Gault, pp. 395-397, figs. 8, 9.

Venegoliceras karstent Spath, 1928, Ammonoidea of the Gault, Mon.
Pal. Soc. London, p. 349.

A fragment consisting of a quarter turn of the last whorl but
lacking the venter and keel, is tentatively referred to Oxytropi-
doceras karstent Stieler from Venezuela. A cross-section of the
whorl shows the compressed form and flattened sides of karsteni.
The ribs are strong, nearly straight from the dorsum angle to
the ventral quarter where they curve forward towards the keel.
The ribs number 14 to 15 on the quarter turn as described for
karstenit. The fragment figured by Reeside??* as Oxytropido-
ceras, n. sp. aff. O. belknapi Marcou from near Archidona in
eastern Ecuador, somewhat resembles this species but its whorl
section is quite different.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

Genus SCHLOENBACHIA Neumayr
Schloenbachia leonora, n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 2, 6

Shell of medium size, robust; early whorls unknown; cross-
section of the last whorl more than twice as high as wide, the
sides slightly convex to flattened, nodosely-shouldered on the
dorsum and ventral angle, with the slope of the venter flat and

122Douglas, 1921, op. cit. under 10, p. 269, pl. Ghigo; alle

123Reeside, 1927, In Wasson and Sinclair, Geological Explorations East of
the Andes in Ecuador, Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petr. Geologists, vol. 11, p.
1280, pl. 18, figs. 1, 2.

79 PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 79

probably carinate in the middle; coiling polygral, sub-latumbili-
cate or with the umbilicus one-third the diameter of the shell;
sculpture of last whorl consists of weak but well-formed ribs
which are strongest on the middle and dorsal sides but tend to
fade away near the ventral shoulder; these ribs have each 3 or
4 sharp nodes, those along the dorsal angle being the strongest ;
near the ventral angle, a small, low rib may appear between the
primary ones so that they appear to fork; the ribs number about
16 or 17 on the last whorl, there being 8 preserved on the type
specimen ; the ventral shoulder is angled and carries strong, un-
dulated and rather sharp nodes; ventral slope flattened and prob-
ably provided with a smal! median keel; aperture and sutures
unknown.

Diameter 170.00 mm.; umbilicus 65.00 mm.

Remarks.—This species is based on two fragments collected
from limestone concretions in the Copa Sombrero shales of Que-
brada Leonora. Both specimens show only the right side of
half of the last whorl. The characteristic features are the well-
formed ribs which are roughly nodose on their summits and with
smaller ribs appearing between them as well as the strong'y un-
dulate-carinate shoulder angle. A ventral keel was probably
present but this character is merely indicated on the type speci-
men. Schloenbachia rhombifera Gerhardt from Cundimarca
Colombia is distantly related to leonora but the ribs are less
well-formed in the Colombia species. In Europe the zone of
Schloenbachi- varians Sowerby and subtuberculata Sharpe char-
acterize the Lower Chalk.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Copa Sombrero forma-
tion, Que. Leonora near Copa Sombrero.

Subphylum ECHINOZOA
Glass ECHINOIDEA
Order EXOCYCLOIDA
Suborder HOLECTYPINA
Family PYGASTERIDAE
Genus HOLECTYPUS Desor
Holectypus planatus numismalis Gabb

Discoidea numismalis Gabb, 1877, Description of a collection of fossils,
made by Dr. Antonio Raimondi in Peru. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci.

80 BULLETIN 69 80

Phila., 2nd. ser., vol. 8, p. 300, pl. 43, fig. 3.

Holectypus numismalis Pauleke, 1903, Uber die Kreideformation in
Sudamerika und deren Beziehungen zu anderen Gebieten. N. J. Min.
Ge, SIR woll, 5 jo. 2toll.

Holectypus Paulekei Bravo, 1905, Apuntes sobre la Paleontologia de
Yauli, Boletin del Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Minas del Peru, p. 9, pl.
-l, figs. 1-8.

?Holectypus sp. n. sp. Salfeld, 1911, Fossilien aus der oberen Kreide
von Peru, in Hauthal, Reisen in Bolivien und Peru, p. 219, pl. 4, fig. 1.

Holectypus planatus Roemer var. numismalis Sommermeier, 1913, Die
Fauna des Aptien und Albien im nordlicken Peru, Part 2, N. J. Min.
ete., BB. vol. 36, pp. 394-395, pl. 15, figs. 1-3.

Holectypus, planatus F. Roe. var. nwmismalis Steinmann, 1929, Geologie
von Peru, pp. 130, 131, textfigure 153.

Holectypus planatus Roemer, var. numismalis Weaver, 1931, Paleontology
of the Jurassic and Creiaceous of West Central Argentine, Memoirs
of the University of Washington, vol. 1, pp. 170, 171, pl. 12, figs. 20-22.

Sommermeier and Lisson'*?® have recorded this echinoid from
several localities in beds-of Aptian age in Peru. From typical
planatus of Texas, the Peruvian subspecies differs in being more
depressed with flatter sides and lower apex as shown in the fig-
ures given by Sommermeier and Steinmann. Our single speci-
men from Pan de Azucar is deeply eroded on one side but the
right side and a small part of the base is well preserved. The
profile of this specimen is intermediate between that of true
plenatus and Gabb’s numismalis. As our specimen is too poorly
preserved to give an adequate figure, the following dimensions
may serve to show its general proportions. Basal diameter
72.00 mm.; height 31.00 mm. Douglas’’® recorded this echinoid
together with Enallaster texanus Roemer (also an Aptian spe-
cies) at Kilometer 225 on the Lima-Oroya railroad from a lime-
stone which he referred to the Cenomanian as this horizon ap-
peared to overlie beds of Albian age with Schloenbachia multi-
fida. As the rocks in this region have been greatly disturbed,
this section is probably inverted with the Holectypus limestene

125L,isson, 1917, Edad de los Fosiles Peruanos y Distribucion de sus De-
positos en toda la Republica. Segunda Edicion, pp. 41-46.

126Douglas, 1921, Geological Sections through the Andes of Peru and Bo-.
livia, II]. From the Port of Callae to the river Pirene, Quart. Jour.
Geol. Soe. of London, vol. 77, pp. 246.

81 - PERUVIAN CRETACEOUS: OLSSON 81

belonging normally beneath the Albian beds as elsewhere in Peri.
Weaver has recently recorded numismalis from the upper pox-~
tion of the Agrio formation in northern Argentine in beds whicn
are correlated with the Aptian. According to Adkins,!2” Holec-
typus planatus Roemer is found in the Frederickburg and
Washita division of the Texan Comanchean.

Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pananga formation, Pan
de Azucar.

127Adkins, 1928, Handbook of Texas Cretaceous Fossil, University or
Texas, No. 28388, p. 282.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES

(Plates furnished by the author)

PLATE I

84 BULLETIN 69 84

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1

Figure Page

1. Unconformity between the Clavulina shales of Cretaceous age and
the basal Middle Eocene conglomerates which form the coast
facies of the Clavilithes series. Quebrada Monte Grande 15

2. Broken heads of Sphaerulithes cf. nicholasi weathered from the
Monte Grande sandstones. Parts of four individuals are seen.
Length of hammer about 18 inches. Monte Grande... 16

BOE VANIBRS RAE @ ING IN@e69o eal

IPL g lls, Wool:

i)
)

od
\

(eaceerall

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2

86

BULLETIN 69 86

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2

Figure

Page
1. Trigonarca meridionalis, n. SDs sone oe, ee 24
Holotype, length 74.00 mm.
Monte Grande.
2. Isocardia pananga, n. Sy aac Se a ee a dee ee 54
Holotype, height 62.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.
3. Trigonarea meridionalis, n. sp. Sees eee ae 0 ee 24
Paratype, length 83.00 mm.
Monte Grande.
4. Isocardia wiedeyi, n. eee a ee 2 52
Holotype, length 52.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.
5. Isocardia wiedeyi, n. Seas ee 52
Paratype, length 50.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.
6. Roudaireia jamaicensis Deru Latta M.2S ube eso ye sce alee 42

Holotype, length 62.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

PE 2. Vole 20, BULL AMER. PALEONT. NOG Bie

EXPLANATION OF PLaTE 3

88 BULLETIN 69 88

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3

Figure Page

iF Eseudocucullzea Sree ory pres peg ee 22
Holotype, length 92.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

2. Plicatula harrisiana, n. sp. Ee SPER als ck ee 33
Paratype, height 52.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

3) Plicatula /harrisiana; nm; isp. — 223.205 20 2 ee eee 33
Holotype, height 73.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

4. Ostrea (Lopha) stappenbecki, n. sp. _._ Cree genet ener OUR cei eens AU
Holotype, length 57.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

5. Ostrea (Lopha) stappenbecki, n. sp. 27
Paratype, length 48.00 mm.
Basal view.
Monte Grande.

6.) (Spondylusthopkinsis miocspy 2222...5.0 5 ee eee 32

View of left valve.
Monte Grande.

IN@H 69>) Pans

BULL AMER. PALEONT.

20

(Walle

BE

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4

90 BUEELTIN 69 90

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4

Figure Page

1? “Melina woods, (nivsps, 82222 e ee ee ee ee 26
Holotype, height 92.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

2. 'Fasciolaria ?-calappa,n: (sp. 22. ee eee 70
Holotype, height 128.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

3. “Modiolus: mutisus, ny. spi. = ee eee 34
Paratype, length 53.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

A. ‘Cassatella~caudatar (Gabby 202 ea a ee 44
Left valve, with part of the surface ornation preserved.
Length 47.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

5s Modiohis, jportunus) 1. (Sp.. 2. 4 ee 35
Holotype, length 31.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

6: ‘Crassatella: (caudata ‘Gabb. - 222 ee ee eee 44
Same specimen as figure 4, internal mold of the right valve.
Pan de Azucar.

"Modiolus “mutisus;, nu spt, 22222 ee eee eS BY
Holotype, length 60.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

8. ‘Desmieria peruvianay in. 'Sps ei es 58
Holotype, height 23.50 mm.
Monte Grande.

Be

4. Vol.

20

BULL AMER.

PALEONT.

NO. 69, PL. 4

BULLETIN 69 92

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5

Figure

il,

Cardium amotapense, n. sp. ~

Holotype, height 49.00 mm.

Monte Grande.

Pholadomya houghti, n. sp.

Monte Grande.

Cardium cf. Lissoni, n. sp. — _~

Height 60.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

Anatina anchana, n. sp. _— ——

Holotype, length 65.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

Icanotia peruviana, n. sp. — ._-

Holotype, length 53.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

Anticonas “Spit 2s eee

Length about 37 mm.
Monte Grande.

Myopholas peruviana, n. sp. _____

Holotype, length 49.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

Holotype, length 50.00 mm.

In ne er ee et re ete ane 55

Jia ath et a ee 36

Pil, 3, Vol. 20 BULL AMER. PALEONT. INO. CD, IL, 5

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6

BULLETIN 69

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6

Figure

Roudaireia auressensis Coquand =e
The normal form, height 56.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

Roudaireia auressensis Coquand —- hy Ale ee ee a

An elongated example, length 71. 50. mm.
Monte Grande.

Venericardia weberbaueri, n. sp. © weak os eee ec

Holotype, length 30.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

Linearia bomarea, n. sp. —- ates Beet a fille eae Sat eee

Holotype, length 47.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

Venericardia weberbaueri, n. sp. eee

Paratype, length 32.00 mm.
Form with broad ribs.
Monte Grande.

Roudaireia auressensis, n. sp. —
View of posterior area showing the secondary rib.

Height 44.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

Corbula montegrandensis, n. sp. — Ee est ie err eae

Holotype, length 28.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

Trigonarca meridionalis, n. sp. _ eet aabeMe eed eas AE

Hinge of the iol, length 63. 00 - mm.
Monte Grande.

94.

Page
39

39

Pls G6; Well. 20 BULLE AMER. PALEONT NO® 69:7 RENG

96 BULLETIN 69 96

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 7

Figure Page

1. Lima (Plagiostoma) pananga, n. sp. _.- — —-------- - = ee
Holotype, height 75.00 mm.
Specimen with part of the external shell.
Pan de Azucar.

2. Lima (Plagiostoma) pananga, n. sp. oat ee 33
Paratype, length 75.00 mm.
Internal cast.
Pan de Azucar.

Panopaea sberryis, Sis. 2 es eee
Holotype, length 97.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

co

4. Mytilus -sienatus;, 1. -Sps,. 5. se 2225 oe ee ee 35
Height 36.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

5o “Drigonarca: cerhardtt, ns Spy 22222 = ee eee 24
Paratype, length 41.00 mm.
Internal cast.
Pan de Azucar.

6. yTrigonarca, gerhardti, weSp; 2424.2. SS ee eee 24
Holotype, length 62.00 mm.
Specimen with part of external shell.
Pan de Azucar.

INO). ©, lk; 7

PALEONT.

BULL AMER.

20

5s Wall.

IPL

98 BULLETIN 69 98

HXPLANATION OF PLATE 8

Figure Page

1. Orbignya pacifica, n. sp. op cA 5 Sell oo AL
Holotype, greater diameter 110. 00 mm.
Dorsal view. Shows the external surface of the dorsal valve,
partly destroyed by weathering on the anterior side so that
the inner surface of the lower valve has been exposed.
Monte Grande.

2. Orbignya pacifica, n. sp. sc SET ie oe ee a ne ee 48

Cross-section of the lower valve of the Holotype.

a anal inflection a. a anterior adductor column
b brachial inflection p. a posterior adductor column
1 ligamental inflection b. ¢ body-cavity
i inner layer c. t cardinal teeth
o outer layer
| 3. Durania: “7, sp.) 25 oe ee eee 50

Cross- ection of the cellular wall of a colonial specimen. The
position of the body impression is shown by the concave in-
| dentation on the left side.
Length of specimen 87.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

4, Sphaerulites cf. nicholasi Whitfield 49 -
Height of specimen 118.00 mm.
Fragment of the foliaceous segment of the lower valve.
Monte Grande.

BULL

AMER.

PALEONT.

NO. 69, PL. 8

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 9

100 BULLE'LIN 69 100

HXXPLANATION OF PLATE 9

Figure Page

i. -Peruvia gerthi,. ni sp. 4... ee 73
Paratype, height 50.00 mm.
Dorsal view.
Pan de Azucay.

2. Peruvia gerthi, n. sp. bat ate savers eee ae 73
Same specimen, nantly, exioliated ¢ on one 5 gid.

3. Peruvia gerthi, n. sp. —-~ SALSA ie eee oe aS
Holotype, height 62. 001 mm.
Cross-section of a large specimen showing internal structure
and enveloping whorls.
Pan de Azucar.

4. Pugnellus ? cypraeformis, n. sp. —— BGS ie 3 a eee eee eee ee 67
Paratype, length 44.00 mm.
Ventral view of a mature specimen.
Monte Grande. R

5a) Puenellus: sSps. 2) eee A ei 66
Length 27.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

63) Buonellus? cypraectormis) ny Sp. ee Jes 67
Holotype, length 54.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

7. Actaeonella (Volvuiina) peruviana, n. sp. CCST

Holotype, length 103.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

INO), OD, FIL, Y

BULL AMER. PALEONT.

20

9, Vol.

PAL

Dt

co
a
E
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Ay
fe
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102

BULLETIN 69

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 10

Figure

hs

bo

(ey)

=]

Nerinea (Teleoptyxis) peruviana, n. sp. ret Renae ees Ee,

Holotype, length of height 46.00 mm.
Cross-section showing internal structure.
Pan de Azucar.

Calyitrapkorus) hopkinsi aie see ee

Holotype, length 32.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

Nerinea (Teleoptyxis) peruviana, n. sp. _ eas Sees eyes

Paratype, length 114 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

Mesalia’ pertuviana, nN. isp. <2) ee eee

Holotype, length 45.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

Mesalia (Woodsalia) inca, n. sp. —_-------_------------------

Holotype, length 33.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

Hehicoceras:, (sips) 2+) 4.8 eee Ee ee eee

Fragment, length 35.00 mm.
Monte Grande.

IPAS OTONA, JRA MRL, idl, SY)y

Holotype, length 33.00 mm.
Pan de Azucar.

Cerithium “Poorly” preserved specimen, length 53.00 mm.

Monte Grande.

102

60

61

73

62

66

PIL, OS Wall) 20 BULL AMER. PALEONT. INO), 69, IPL, 1O

104 BULLETIN 69 104

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 11

Figure Page

1. Oxytropidoceras parinense, n. SP. ————————~————~ kate eee 15
Holotype.
Pan de Azucar.

5. Gehloenbachia leonora, ny (sp) = ee 78
Holotype, diameter 170 mm.
Copa Sombrero.

3. Oxytropidoceras cf. karsteni Steiler -—- = 78
Pan de Azucar.

4. Oxytropidoceras parinense, 1. SP. 75
Whorl section.

5. Oxytropidoceras cf. karsteni, Steiler —. ———- == 78
Whorl section.

6. Schloenbachia leonora, mn. SP. —————-—--——-—— 18
Whorl section.

PIES WL Voll 20 BULL AMER. PALEONT. INO), GY, WL, iil

BULLETINS

OF

AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY

Vol. 20

No. 70 A

Some Tertiary Foraminifera from the

Norton Coast of Cuba

By

WavDE H. HADLEY, JR.

May 21, 1934

Paleontological Research Institution,

Ithaca, New York
We eSetAy

INTRODUCTION

The foraminifera described in this paper were collected by
Mr. Norman E. Weisbord, of the Atlantic Refining Company,
during the fall of 1932 and January of 1933. The material was
sent to Professor G. D. Harris.of Cornell University; and the
samples were turned over to me by Professor Harris.

The writer would like to express his appreciation to Mr.
Weisbord, who collected the material, and to Dr. R. E. Dickerson
of the Atlantic Refining Company, for his permission to publish
this work. I am indebted to Professor G. D. Harris who gave
me the opportunity to study and describe the foraminifera of the
samples which are dealt with in this paper and his interest, en-
couragement, and suggestions have been of great value during
its preparation. I would like to take this opportunity to thank
Dr. S. M. Herrick for the use of foraminiferal literature from
his private library. To Dr. Henry V. Howe, of Louisiana State
University, I would like to express my appreciation for his aid
and interest in describing the new genus—Cvbicorbis.

LOCATION OF STATIONS FROM WHICH MATERIAL
WAS EXAMINED

Station O-I

From white marl in bank 50 meters southeast of the cntrance gate to
the Cuban Naval Academy, Marel, Pinar del Rio Province, a intersection
with the road which goes up the hill toward La Merced.

This fine white marl breaks down readily when soaked in
water ; and after being washed in a fine sieve, the res:due is made
up largely of Globigerina tests and a small amount of consolidated
material. As much of the fine material is lost in washing, the
remaining foraminifera are fairly well concentrated, ‘This sam-

4 BuLLETIN 70A 108

ple contained a greater number of species and individuals than
any of the others. This sample appears to be of Oligocene age,
probably upper.

Station 0-2

From basal marl of the Yumuri River Gorge near the town of Matanzas,
(Matanzas Province) Cuba.

The material is well calcified and breaks down only after pro-
longed boiling in a strong alkali solution. The foraminiferal tests
are all very white and usually have a varying amount of the cal-
careous material adhering to them. This sample is probably of
Oligocene age but the fauna is not closely related to that of
station I-O

Station E-I

In eut on railroad between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, about 114-2 kilo-
meters north of the Nuevitas railway station on Nuevitas Bay, north coast
of Cuba.

In addition to the small foraminifera, this sample contained
many of the larger forms (Lepidocyclinas). The material is of
Upper Eocene age.

Many of the species found at these stations have been de-
scribed from Mexico, Trinidad, and Venezuela. The accom-
panying table shows the distribution of some of the common
forms in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean regions.

From the above stations, 61 species and varieties of foramini-
fera are described in this paper. Eight species and three varie-
ties are considered as new. The holotypes and plesiotypes of all
the species described have been deposited in the Paleontological
Research Institution, 126 Kelvin Place, Ithaca, New York.

109 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY 5

TINA, SISKONWIONKG, sles, IDS INR NOI Ole ~ Welle,
OIOMBYAIN SIM CUWaS) JUN QunisuaIk WUNBANS Ole Wiss, Givibia Ole

MEXICO AND CARIBBEAN REGIONS

CUBA TRINIDAD1 MEXICO2 VENEZUELA?
4Bolivina mexicana var. aliformis................ x

JsMUbTMINE, TMI, 2 ooe0gccaenboodoNS XGA yone ions NO yes a hoyrey ser Rees x
Cassidulina subglobosa ............ Dae ne eae aN Ee eith cir ne x
Ciicides pimaxaCan agenesis eae x

Cibicides trinitatensis ............. DRG oh et x
Mentalinajsadolphunakmrsne were areas eines we lercce eel taer ae x
Ellipsonodosaria verneuili ......... NOE Ss tea chen Sonera natn teas Xx
Hntoselenia staphyllearia............ NeW ae Ae enone piece one a x
CaMGiAniie, EeMoMaMINe, Bayo okouseodnococuodogec x
Globigeninaoulloidesiv sn a aemee ae ORE Secure ces x

Globorotalia menardii ............ DGG eae eee x
entieulunaycalear sence soe eee XS Sierra rhein nese x
Lenticulina formosa .............. xX

Lenticulina papillosa .............. x

Wenticulinar (sul papillosamaes eee eee cele ers x

Lepidocyclina subglobosa .......... x

INodosaniaimerbessinay wey eee: x

Nonion pompilloides,...... SPs Seen 21 Coe se iutaties Seteaig ae eR RNS x
Orbulina universa ................ x

SP mln) WTAE. sou basic anos cay oo oom ntON es x
Plectofrondicularia vaughani .................. DG tees RRS ae aetag ete x
Pleurostomella alterans ............ DO AIS ARO Egan A Oe ra ne x
Pleurostomella brevia .............. x

SHO MOGKEMEUNE, WAWUNTICOSENE, ooo dcoonsepoobuououscosdcndocGDD x
Siphogenerina transversa .......... x

Siphoninastentucaninataysse seemeen or x

Wivaerinamgol oma enna ere INOS Rone tae x

Vulvulina pennatula .............. xa

iNuttall, 1928, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. of London, vol. 84.

2Nuttall, 1932, Journal Paleontology, vol. 6, pt. 1.

°Cushman, 1929, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram, Res., vol. 5, pt. 4.

4Cushman, 1926, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 1, pt. 4, p. 82,
figs. 8, 4 ab.

5Cushman, 1927, Contrib. Cush. Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 118, pl. 23,
figs. 5 a,b.

6 Buuietin 70A 110

TABLE SHOWING THE FORAMINIFERA FOUND AT
. EACH STATION

SPECIES Sta. Sta. Sta.
O-1 O-2 E-1

IPlammbie, imMAeiNvAsSMMS ..5556000000c80008 Sab etn Pee x

kernel, ane wIBNeME, . 55550000 Beets eee sexe

Bolivina mexicana var. aliformis ...... Neate

Bulimunay vacule aia ets mee ae SEU an eae n aa ie ee aN ear eN Sir Bans

IBulliemungy, wml, .5500000000 Sree rt aie rae x

(CEINOMIS: SEEPS oes ac046o Seaeneita ine UU ene recone fe WOavatD FREE

Cassidulina subglobosa .......... ed aed see x

Crlloneoirlons) INEM os po gonadagooooe eet eae : exe

Cinllosmormnella, S01 sareconcocognsoogonens ete ee ee late ase es

Cibicides mexicana ....... Tahaan Bea eee eon

Gibieides) “irimitatensiss ea. 4ue sae BTA iad acetal DG 83 sex

Clenmmlbiney Commanwnwiss . cedgdcccencasesccuder OX fis tecoreele x

Marginulina cymboides ............ Hernia nee

Cycloelypeus papillosa ....... Pees los aio Yb state Pete ae ss 55 0

Dentalinasadolphinayee eee. : Eee xX

Dentalina elegantissima ....... ahs nails tee te x

Bhrenbergina mnavalis ........ ae Sie oe

hrenhercanaeese sali aeeaeenee ie rh Pee

Hilipsoidina ellipsoides ...... ; Bava ate Boxe

IDF OSomMacloseea GryDUNCOMA 5555000000000 go

Hilipsonodosaria tuckerae .......... oe rex

lollbresomoc@saime, wyemmetlll 55 55¢0u50000cce XG 5 cal ue React oes a

Entoselenia staphyllearia ...... Penne ae x

Eponides ponderosa ....... Soman. ibn leks gderb tdvn ta PS ee ere Roa

Guadryina asiphonina ....... ae ae aes paar ex

Globigerina bulloides ........... RN ae ote x

Globorotalia menardii ,...... M cllenbsdctanelace ese ata anette aed

Crosse, lolol 5 55 5can0050006 cade sesh aoodiaha © asa cue Ay Acuna a eae

EHantkenina alabamensis) |e aeee Eases EW Degli eR ee at 2X

ILAo@mea, UORMNOSE, .5550600000000¢ pees cnotets x

Laticarinina pauperata eile seit ase rn ete

Lenticulina calear Belial he ease Lau easuoeetate shee Meno

Lenticulina formosa x

Benuieulanays papullosaye ence iere ee en CT INURE Ca c.e.5 OS

Lenticulina subpapillosa .... ..... a ittes hte ee

Lepidocyclina subglobosa .......... Rear NT ENEMA eso tern widuesenes
Nodosaria mexicana ....... Ura hisses cat AUR eel rire RMR SoG ys 5 OS
IN@TORAME, CHOI, 5 .555566d000b06 Be > on

Nodosaniayoboliqnetamss ese are ee ays ener Oe

Nonion pompilloides Beas cca d ax

Openculinaocalanay iis ee AR NE rie Se hia /a’ MINNA oe ieee eee
Operculina Slane ase eter dh, EPS emma te 0 CIES ON 5 a oa acta ee
Orbulina universa ......... Sag Gia SMe Oe entre ener ae

Planorbulina larvata fuerte 3h. lee sean OX rae eee

Planularia sp. BislreW/ei testo ss denes Sraewel ree ROS axe

flannulinaremexicanay Wane ae ee EN a ee Sites aes

Plectofrondicularia vaughani x
Pleurostomella alterans F aeue axe
euros tonvelll amass yee en en PIOE SOX
Ramulina globulifera x
Siphogenerina multicostata x

eee ee ee ee te we we ew

eal GuBAN ForRMINIFERA: HADLEY if

Siphogenerina transversa .........++.++00> x

Siphonia tenucarimata ..........+eesseeees axe

Pestle Yo soacoovsacdocgcocpdousadbdooRoc dD Oude booooAdogon x
Uvigerina canariensis var. spimulosa .......... x

Uvigerina gardnerae var. cubana .........-++s +e ese eees xX

Wigan) ONE 4 pong as noosccccos seco ouuooUadeoCa Doge oO oos x
Vulvulina pachyheilus .............-...+-: x

Vulvulina pennatula

poo bpodcooOnoODo Oooo OOOO 0

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES

Family TEXTULARIIDAE
Genus TEXTULARIA Defrance, 1824
Textularia sp. Plate 1, fig. 1

Test large, elongate, gradually tapering, with greatest width
near apertual end; periphery broadly angular , chambers numer-
ous, wider than high; sutures depressed; wall finely arenaceous
but not smooth; aperture a low opening located near the center
of the test at the base of the last chamber.

Length, 1.45 mm.; greatest breadth, .g6 mm.

Genus VULVULVINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Vulvulina pachyheilus, n. sp. Plate 1, figs. 2-4

Test tapering from the pointed initial end and reaching its
greatest breadth near the apertural extreme; biserial throughout
except for the final chamber which is extended, flattened and
curving to one side ; chambers numerous, much wider than high;
sutures nearly straight, slanting, slightly elevated ; test composed
of fine arenaceous material with much cement; main body of
test made up of a thickened central portion, thinning to form an
irregular keel with scattered, flattened spines along its border ;
aperture an elongate, much compressed slit with thick rounded
lips.

Length of type, 1.65 mm. ; maximum breadth of type, 1.00 mm.

Rare at station 0-1.

Holotype from station 0-1.

Some of the forms are rounded at the initial end and suggest
coiling. The well developed forms showing the uniserial final
chamber are very rare, the majority of the tests being biserial
throughout.

The above form differs from V. pectinata® in being thicker

6Cushman, 1932; Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram Res., vol. 8, pt. 4; page
82, plate 10, fig. 12.

—

8 BULLETIN 70A 112

and more rounded through the central portion, in having a more
pronounced keel, and a final chamber which is not set off from
the others.

Vulvulina pennatula (Batsch)

Nautilus pennatula Batsch, Conch. Seesandes, 1791; No. 13, pl. 4, figs.
13, a-d.

Bigenerina pennatula Nuttall, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. of London, vol. 84,
1928; p. 73, pl. 3, fig. 3.

Vulvulina pennatula Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res.,
vol. 8, pt. 4, 1932; p. 76, p. 10, figs. 1-5.

Specimens of this species are very rare in the Cuban material,
but their development is typical.

Length, 1.07 mm.; greatest breadth, .58 mm. Very rare at
station 0-1.

Family VERNEUILINIDAE
Genus GAUDRYINA d@Orbigny
Gaudryina asiphonia (Andreae) Plate 1, fig. 6

Gaudryina siphonella var. asiphonia Andreae, Abh. Geol. Specialkarte

Elass-Lothr., vol. 2, 1884; p. 200, pl. 7, fig. 7.

Gaudryina asiphonia Nuttall, Jour. Pal., vol. 6, no. 1, 1932; p. 7, pl. 2,

fig. 3.

Initial end rounded, sides of test nearly parallel except near
the extreme ends; early chambers triserial and making up about
one third of the test’s total length; later and major portion of
test uniserial; chambers rounded, later ones inflated; sutures de-
pressed, plainly visible; wall composed of fine arenaceous ma-
terial, well cemented; aperture an arched opening on the inner
margin of the final chamber.

Length, 1.00 mm. Rare at station 0-1.

Family VERNEUILINIDAE
Genus CLAVULINA d’Orbigny

Clavulina Communis d’Orbigny Plate 1, fig. 5

Clavulina communis d’Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 1826; p. 268.
Clavulina communis, d’Orbigny, Foram. Foss. Vienne. Basin, 1846;
p. 196, pl. 12, figs. 1, 2.
Clavulina communis Cushman, U. 8S. Nat. Mus. Bull. no. 103, 1918; p. 57,
pl. 20, fig. 6.
Test elongate, initial end with a short triserial portion which
is not typically triangular in cross section, later and major por-
tion of test uniserial and circular in cross section; axis of test

often bent where the triserial and uniserial portions join; early

113 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY 9

sutures indistinct, later ones depressed, the amount of depression
increasing toward the anterior end of the uniserial portion; wall
of fine arenaceous material and with a large proportion of ce-
ment; aperture terminal, rounded, slightly protruding.

Length, 2.00 mm. Very rare at stations 0-1, and 0-2.

Clavulina sp. Plate 1, fig. 7

Uniserial portion circular in cross section, sides of tests paral-
lel; chambers compact, wider than high; sutures slightly de-
pressed; test made up of rather coarse angular sand grains and
with a moderate amount of cement; aperture central, slightly
protruding.

Rare at station 0-1.

Only a few specimens were found and none of them bore the
initial triserial portion; the tests are much larger than the cor-
responding parts of Clavulina communis.

Clavulina sp. Plate 1, fig. 8

Test triangular in cross section, early portion triserial, fol-
lowed by the uniserial portion which makes up most of the test;
carinae thin and rounded, lateral outline straight, sides plain
except for the depressed sutures; wall of moderately fine arena-
ceous material well cemented; aperture at the center of the final
chamber, not protruding.

Length, 1.45 mm. Common at station o-1.

Family LAGENIDAE

Genus MARGINULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Marginulina cymboides (d’Orbigny) Plate 1, figs. 9, 10
Uristellaria cymboides d’Orbigny; Forams. Foss. du Bassin Tert. de
Vienne, 1848; p. 85, pl. 3, figs. 30, 31.

Test elongate, moderately compressed; coiled portion very
small; greatest width occuring about midway between the two
ends; periphery rounded and lacking a keel; six to eight cham-
bers making up the average test, the length of the chambers
gradually increasing toward the apertural end; sutures distinct,
flush with the test, smoothly curving from the center to the
periphery; wall calcareous, smooth, and polished; initial end

10 BULLETIN 70A 114

rounded ; aperture radiate and terminal.
Length, 1.10 mm.; maximum breadth, .37 mm.; thickness,
20 mm. Rare at station 0-1.

Genus DENTALINA d’Orbigny
Bentalina adolphina d’Orbigny

Dentalina adolphina d’Orbigny, Foram. Fosse. Vienne. Basin, 1848; p.
51, pl. 2, figs. 18-20.
Dentalina adolphina d’Orbigny, Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram.
es., vol. 5, pt. 4, 1929; p. 86, pl. 3, figs. 3, 4.

Test elongate and slender, slightly arcuate; chambers speri-
cal, gradually enlarging toward the anterior, the lower half of
each chamber is decorated with a transverse row of short down-
ward pointing spines; sutures greatly constricted, the chambers
are separated by rather long necks, especially in the later por-
tion of the test; well preserved specimens show a small anterior
spine; aperture simple, protruding.

Length, 1.16 mm. Rare at station 0-1.

Forms showing both one and two rows of spines were found
in the material.

Dentalina elegantissima d’Orbigny Blenas il, se, iS)

Den alina elegantissinia d’Orbigny, Foram. Foss. de Vienne Basin, 1846;
p- 90, pl. 2, figs. 33-35.

Test greatly elongate and extremely slender, slightly arcuate;
initial end pointed, slowly increasing in diameter from the pos-
terior end to about midway along the central axis, later half of
test of about uniform size; chambers numerous, somewhat higher
than wide, early chambers indistinct, later ones separated by
slight constrictions; test calcareous, decorated with six sharp
longitudinal costee which extend. unbroken for the entire length
of the test; aperture terminal, slightly protruding.

Length, 2.20 mm. Very rare at station o-1.

This species is very rare in the Cuban material but its develop-
ment is typical.

Genus LAGENA Walker and Jacob
Lagena formosa Schwager Plate 1, fig. 20

Lagena formosa Schwager, Novara-Exped., Geol. Theil; vol. 2, 1866,
p- 206, pl. 4, figs. 19a, 19d.

Test compressed, ovate in outline, slightly higher than wide;
with a wide, thin wing extending completely around the periph-

115 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY 11

ery; this wing is decorated with sharp minute radiating coste ;
there is an angular thickening where the wing joins the test; wall
smooth, aperture simple, protruding, and with a delicate neck.
Length, .72 mm.; greatest breadth, .49 mm. Very rare at sta-
tion O-I.
Genus LENTICULINA Lamarck

Lenticulina calear (Linnzus)

Nautilus calcar Linneus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1767; p. 1162, no. 272.

Cristellaria calcar Cushman, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus. no. 104, pt. 4, 1923;

jos Lita, qolle BW, wks, /e joll, sly wis, 4B.

Robulus. calear Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 5,

jos 22, UB2B)s jo. SHE oll, 2 ale, IMS).

Test involute, gibbous; periphery with a low thick, rounded
keel, with a few small rounded spines extending from the outer
margin; chambers few, five to six in the last whorl; surtures
curved, flush with the test; wall calcareous, smooth, and thick;
aperture radiate, located at the apex of the apertual face.

Diameter, .72 mm. Kare at station 0-2.

The above species differs from Lenticulina formosa in having
a smaller number of chambers and peripheral spines which are
rounded in cross section and not compressed.

Lenticulina formosa (Cushman) Plater le etionsl:

Cristellaria formosa Cushman, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. no. 104, pt. 4, 1925;

Wo JO), jo, AQ, iiey, 1S joll, ax), ile, G.

Test involute, rather thick through the central portion; periph-
ery sharp and angular, with a thin keel and a row of flat trans-
parent spines; ten to twelve chambers in the last whorl; sutures
strongly curved, flush with the sides of the test; wail smooth, the
central area with a prominent elevation of shell material; aper-
ture at the apex of the apertual face, radiate.

Maximum diameter, 1.25 mm., usually much less. Very rare
at station 0-1.

Lenticulina calcar can be distinguished from L. formosa by its
lesser number of chambers and by its rounded spines.

Lenticulina papillosa (Fichtel and Moll) IPllenee shy raver, ills)
Cristellaria papillosa Fichtel and Moll, Test. Miero., 1803; p. 82, pl. 14,
figs. a-c.

Cristellaria papillosa Nuttall, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. of London, vol. 84,
no. 1, 1928; p: 89, pl. 6, fig. 6.

Test large, planispiral, involute ; periphery broadly angular and

12 BULLETIN 70A 116

with a very low rounded keel; ten chambers in the fina! whorl of
the average adult test; sutures elevated and developed into more
or less rounded beads which become smaller toward the periph-
ery; wall calcareous and thick; aperture radiate, located at the
apex of the apertural face, only slightly protruding.

Diameter, 1.10 mm. Rare at station E-I.

Lenticulina subpapillosa (Nuttall)

Cristellaria subpapillosa Nuttall, Jour. Pal. vol. 6, no. 1, 1932; p. 12,
pl. 1, fig. 12.

Only one specimen of this species was found but it is identical
to Nuttall’s type figure.
Diameter, 1.15-1.45 mm. Station 0-1.

Genus NODOSARIA Lamarck

Nodosaria erbessina Schwager Platemtemiceaml2;

Nodosaria erbessima Schwager, Boll. R. Com. Geol. Ital., 1878; p. 520,
joll, I, iii, B.

Nodosaria erbessina Nuttall, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. of London, vol. 84,
pt. 1, 1928.

Test elongate, straight or slightly curved, early portion taper-
ing, sides of later chambers nearly parallel; about six chambers
making up the average test, chambers circular in cross section,
slightly broader than high; sutures transverse, constricted, not
sharply set off from the adjacent chambers; wall clacareous and
decorated with about twenty-five costae which are parallel to the
axis of the test and usually extend unbroken across the sutures ;
aperture circular and central, not extended.

Length, 1.15 mm. Rare at station 0-1.

Nodosaria mexicana Cushman Plate 1, fig. 18

Nodosaria mexicana Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram, Res., vol. 1,
no. 1, 1925; pl. 5, figs. 3, 4, page 5.

Test elongate, slightly arcuate, initial end rounded; typically
developed chambers widening in the central portion where they
develop a sharp equatorial elevation, chambers at either extreme
more spherical; sutures constricted, transverse; wall calcareous,
smooth; aperture simple, protruding.

Length, 2.12 mm., Common in the upper Eocene.

Nodosaria obliquata (Batsch) Plate 1, fig. 13

Nautilus (O.) obliquatus Batsch, Sechs Kupfertafeln mit Conchylien des
Seesandes, 1791.

Nodosaria obliquatus (Batsch), Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram,
Res., vol. 7, pt. 3, 1931; p. 65, pl. 8, figs. 15-19.

Test elongate, straight or slightly curved; division between

117 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY 13

early chambers not distinct, later ones becoming constricted, su-
tures transverse; early chambers with their height and width
about equal, later ones increasing in height; wall calcareous, dec-
orated with from fifteen to twenty sharp longitudinal coste
which extend unbroken across the sutures; the costz are slightly
oblique.

Fragments up to 2.50 mm. in length were found. Very rare
at Station o-1.

All of the tests found were broken and no portions bearing
the final aperture were encountered.

Genus PLANULARIA Defrance
Palnularia sp. Plate 5, fig. 8
Test large, planispiral, showing one and a half whorls; com-
pressed sides of test nearly parallel; periphery acute and with a
well developed keel; chambers much broader than high, of nearly
equal height throughout, becoming broader as the coiling pro-
gresses, twelve chambers in the final whorl; sutures nearly
straight, limbate, early ones elevated, irregular but not becoming
beaded, those near the center of the coil developing a few irregu-
lar elevations, later sutures becoming flush with the test and
finally depressed before the last chamber is reached; aperture
at the peripheral margin of the apertual face, protruding and
radiate; wall calcareous, smooth, and thick.
Greatest diameter, 3.62 mm.; minimum diameter, 3.19 mm.
At station o-I a single specimen of the above form was found.
Palanularia advena Cushman‘ resembles the above species
closely and differs from it only by showing a stronger tendency
toward uncoiling.
Family POLYMORPHINIDE

Genus RAMULINA Rupert Jones
Ramulina globulifera Brady

Ramulina globulifera Brady, Quart. Jour. Micro. Sci., vol. 19, 1869; p. 58,
pl. 8, figs. 32, 33.

Ramulina globulifera Brady, Rep. Voyage Challenger, 1884, vol. 9, Zoology;
p. 587, pl. 76, figs. 22-28.

Composed of a subglobular chamber with radiating stolen
tubes ; surface of chamber and tubes decorated with short spines ;
wall hyaline.

Rare at stations o-I and E-I.
7Cushman, 1932; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 2914; p. 24, pl. 8, figs. 1, 2.

14 BULLETIN 70A 118

Family NONIONDZ®
Genus NONION Montfort

Nonien pompilicides (Fichtel and Moll) Plater2e) heselee2
Nautilus pompilioides Fichtel and Moll, Test. Micro., 1805; p. 31, pl 2,
fis. a-e.

Nonion pompilipodes Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram, Res., vol. 5,
pt. 4, 1929: p. 89, pl. 13, figs. 25 a, b.

Test small, involute, planispiral; periphery broadly rounded;
usually eight chambers in the last whorl; sutures straight and
slightly elevated, radiating from a small umbilicus on either side
and extending unbroken across the periphery; wall smooth, cal-
careous, and distinctly punctate; aperture a low central arch at
the base of the last chamber.

Diameter .35 mm. Rare at station 0-1.

Family CAMERINIDA®
Genus CYCLOCLYPEUS W. B. Carpenter

Cycloclypeus papillosus, n. sp. Plate 1, fig. 17

Test discoidal, much compressed; chambers planispiral, early
ones arranged in the normal manner, later ones becoming annu-
lar; chambers are divided into chamberlets by radiating depressed
lines, these lines extend unbroken from their origin to the peri-
phery and are not staggered; chamberlets practically square in
outline; central portion covered by a granular growth of sheil
material which thins toward the periphery and leaves about three
rings of chamberlets exposed.

The large central area of granular shell material and the un-
broken radial lines characterize this species.

Diameter of type, 1.00 mm. Very rare at station E-I.

Holotype from station E.- 1

The above species differs from Cycloclypeus gumbelanus* in
having the chamberlets more numerous and smaller, the central
boss extending much nearer the periphery, and the radial sutures

unbroken.
Genus OPERCULINA d’Orbigny
Operculina ocalana Cushman Plate 2, fig. 3

Operculina ocalana Cushman, U. 8. Geol. Survey, Prof. Paper, No. 128,
1920; p. 129, pl. 19, figs. 4, 5.

Test planispiral, much compressed, composed of about two and
a half wholrs; periphery rounded, thicker than the adjoining
portion of the test; sutures elevated, rounded, evenly curving,

8Brady, H. B., 1881; Quart. Jour. Micro. Sci., vol. 21, N. S., p. 66.

119 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY 15

broken and irregular near the central area; space between sutures
concave; chambers numerous, eighteen to twenty in the final
whorl, about four times as long as wide; central portion of test
with a rounded elevation; wall calcareous, thick, and smooth.
Diameter, 6.52 mm. Common in the upper Eocene.
The specimens were all more or less broken, and no complete
forms showing the aperture were found.
Operculina sp. Plate 1, fig. 14
Planispiral, evolute, much compressed, of about equal thick-
ness throughout ; periphery rounded; made up of about two and
a half whoris, the finai coil with twelve to fifteen chambers; su-
tures gently curved, flush wiih the test or slightly elevated ; aper-
ture peripheral and at the base of the apertural face.
Diameter, 1.30 mm. Common at station E-I.

Family HETEROHELICIDA
Genus PLECTOFRONDICULARIA Liebus
Plectofrondicularia vaughani Cushman Plate 2, figs. 5, 6

Plectofrondicularia vaughani Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res.,
WOll, B, Tits 2 UOZ/3 joo. IZ, joll, 2B. tier, 3,

Piecio,rondicularia vaughani Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res.,
WOll, Dy jos 4, IOs jo, OZ, joll, Us, ssi, Bil, Be

Test elongate, much compressed, initial end rounded, with
greatest width about half way between the extreme ends; early
poition of test coiled, major portion with chambers uniserial and
extending back on both sides; sutures depressed, well defined;
wall calcareous and smooth; aperture terminal.

Length, 95 mm., grea‘est width, 43 mm. Rare at station o-1.

In addition to the typical Plectofrondicularia vaughani as de-
scribed above; there is a form occurring with it which has a
pointed initial end. This form is referred to P. vaughani with
doubt.

Family HANTKENINIDA
Genus HANTKENINA Cushman

Hantkenina alabamensis Cushman Plate 2, fig. 4
Hantkenina alabamensis Cushman, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 66, art, 30,
UWZEES JO. By Tolls Ik, iikers, eGo joll, 2h, inky 5.

Test planispiral, compressed; periphery rounded, peripheral
outline smooth in many forms, becoming slightly lobate in the
later portion of a few strongly developed individuals; chambers
inflated, five to six in the final whorl; each chamber bears a well

developed peripheral spine which points anteriorly ; wall smooth,

16 BULLETIN 70A 120

finely preforate ; aperture an arched peripheral opening and with
a flap on each side of the final chamber.
Common at station E-I. Diameter, .67 mm.

Family BULIMINIDZ
Genus BOLIVINA d’Orbigny

Bolivina mexicana Cushiman var aliformis Cushman Plate 2, fig. 7
Bolivina mexicana Cushman var. aliformis Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab.
Foram. Res., vol. 1, pt. 4, 1926; p. 82, pl. 12, figs. 3, 4a-c.

Biserial, much compressed, gradually tapering from the round-
ed initial end; chambers gradually increasing in height toward
the apertural end, later chambers inflated; sutures distinct, wide,
of clear shell material; test with a thin, broad, transparent keel
which extends entirely around the periphery; wall calcareous,
smooth; aperture an elongate slit which reaches the base of the
final chamber.

Length, .96 mm. Common at station 0-1.

Genus PULIMINA dOrbigny

Bulimina aculeata d’Orbigny

Bulimina aculeala d’Orbigny, Ann. Sei. Nat., vol. 7, 1826; p. 269, model
no. 7.

Bulimina aculeata H. B. Brady, Challenger Report, vol. 9, Zoology, 1884;
p- 406; pl. 51, figs. 7-9.

ene aculeata Plimmer, Univ. Texas Bull. no. 2644, 1926, p. 73, pl. 4,

fig. 3 val
iia end pointed and with an apical spine; rapidly enlarging
toward the anterior extreme, later chambers inflated and over-
lapping; wall calcareous, early portion of test with short spines
projecting from the body of the chambers as well as from their
margins; later chambers smooth and lacking decoration; sutures
depressed ; aperture a rather large comma-shaped opening situat-
ed near the central axis of the test and at the inner margin of
the final chamber.

Length, .58 mm. Common at station E-I.

The spines of the above specimens are not as well developed
as those of the recent forms figured by Brady. The form here
described is considerably larger than that from the Midway of
Texas; otherwise they are very similar.

Bulimina inflata Seguenza Plate 2, fig. 9

Bulimina inflata Seguenza, At i. Acad. Gioenia Sci. Nat.. ser. 2, vol. 18,
1862; p. 109, pl. 1, fig. 10.

Bulimina inflata Seguenza, Nuttall, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. of London; vol,
84, pt. 1, 1928; p- 77, pl. 3, fig. 19.

121 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY ALY

Bulimina inflata Seguenza, Nuttall, Jour. Pal.; vol. 6, no. 1, 1932; p. 20,
pl. 5, fig. 2.

Test triserial, circular in transverse section, initial end pointed,
rapidly widening toward the anterior; chambers strongly over-
lapping, with crenulate margins, the crenulations extend below
the chambers as spines and above the margin of the chambers as
stirae for a short distance, the remainder of the chambers are
smooth; wall calcareous; aperture loop-shaped, central and
nearly terminal.

Length, .75 mm. Rare at station o-I.

Genus ENTOSOLENIA Ehrenberg

Entosolenia staphyllearia (Schwager) Plate 2, figs. 10, 11

Fissurina staphyllearia Schwager, Novara-Exped., Geol. Theil., pt. 2, 1866;
p- 209, pl. 5, fig. 24.

Entosolenia staphyllearia (Schwager), Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab.
Foram. Res., vol. 5, pt. 4, 1929; p. 96, pl. 13, fig. 10.

Test small, compressed, nearly circular in outline when viewed
from the broad side; wall finely rugose, undecorated except for
four sharp, transparent basal spines which are placed at regular
intervals on the median line; aperture a simple, elongate slit,
slightly protruding, with an internal tube which is plainly visible
through a small transparent area just below the aperture.

Length, 1.22 mm. Common at station 0-1.

Genus SIPHOGENERINA Schlumberger

Siphogenerina multicostata Cushman and Jarvis Plate 2 ,fig. 8

Siphogenerina mullicostata Cushman and Jarvis, Contrib. Cushman Foram.
Res., vol. 5, pt. 1, 1929; p. 14, pl. 3, fig. 6.

Test elongate, circular in cross section, composed of an early
triserial portion and a late, much longer, uniserial portion; both
ends slightly tapering, greatest diameter near the middle of the
test; chambers distinct, slightly inflated, the uniserial ones nearly
twice as wide as high; sutures depressed but the separation be-
tween the chambers is not pronounced; wall calcareous, decorat-
ed with numerous (about twenty per chamber) narrow, slightly
raised, parallel, longitudinal costee which do not extend unbroken
to adjacent chambers ; the early chambers bear a few short, blunt
spines which are independent of the coste; aperture with a short
circular neck and a phialine lip.

Length, .52 mm.; greatest breadth, .49 mm. Rare at station o-I.

18 BULLETIN 70A ; 122

Siphogenerina transversa Cushman Plate 2, fig. 15

Siphogenerina raphanus (Parker and Jones) var. transversus Cushman, U.
S. Nat. Mus. Bull. no. 103, 1918; p. 64, pl. 22, fig. 8. Nuttall, Quart.
Jour. Geol. Soe. of London, vol. 84, 1928; p. 94, pl. 6, fig. 14.

Siphogenerina transversa Cusi.man, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res.,
WO, 7, Tits ty I BILS jo, IMO, joll, 2, wiles, B, O-

Test elongate, practically cylindrical, initial end rounded; early
portion made up of spirally arranged chambers, major portion
of test made up of the later uniserial ones; sutures depressed ;
test decorated with about ten thin longitudinal costee which are
well elevated and extend unbroken from the early portion of the
test to near the anterior end; aperture with a short tubular neck
and a lip.

Length, .75 mm. Kare at station o-1.

Both microspheric and megalospheric forms were found; the
former forms have a pointed initial end.

Genus UVIGERINA d’Orbigny

Uvigerina canariensis d’Orbigny var. spinulosa n. var. Plate 2, fig. 17

Var. of Uvigerina canariensis d’Orbigny. Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries, 1839;
vol. 2, pt. 2; p. 138, pl. 1, figs. 25-27. Brady, Rep. of Challenger
Voyage, 1884; p. 573, pl. 74, figs. 1-3. Nuttall, Jour. Pal., vol. 6, pt.
1, 1932; p. 22, pl. 5, fig. 9.

Triserial, elongate, roughly circular in cross section; initial
end rounded or bluntly pointed, with a short, sharp terminal
spine; chambers numerous, later ones inflated and somewhat
overlapping; wall calcareous, smooth except for faint striz and
small downward pointing spines near the initial end; the decora-
tions become fainter toward the anterior end and disappear be-
fore the final chamber is reached; aperture with a tubular neck
and thin flaring lip, the neck is located in a depression in the
final chamber.

This variety differs from the typical in the development of
small anterior spines as well as the terminal one.

Length of type including spine and neck, .70 mm. Common at
station o-I.

Holotype from station o-t.

Uvigerina canariensis may bear faint coste, but their develop-
ment into spines in this form gives sufficient variation for the
erection of a new variety. The shape and the arrangement of
chambers and the pit in which the apertual neck is located agree

123 CuBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY : 19

with the development found in the typical species.

Uvigerina gardnerae Cushman and Applin var. cubana n. var. Plate 2, fig. 12

Var. of Uvigerina gardnerae Cushman and Applin, Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petr.
Geol., vol. 10, no. 2, 1926! p. 175, pl. 8, figs. 16, 17.

Uvigerina gardnerae Nuttall var., Jour. Pal., vol. 6, no. 1, 1932; p. 22, pl.
5, fig. 11.

Initial end bluntly rounded, greatest diameter near the aper-
tural end; chambers numerous, somewhat overalpping, inflated ;
wall calcareous, decorated with numerous heavy coste which are
not continuous from chamber to chamber, the general trend of
the coste is longitudinal but they sometimes make a considerable
angle with the axis of the test ; aperture usually broken, but a few
forms show a short tubular neck and a slight lip.

The above variety differs from the ypical species in the posses-
sion of coarser coste and the coste do not break up into spines
near the anterior end.

Length of type, .72 mm.; greatest diameter, .41 mm. Abun-
dant at station 0-2.

Holotype from station 0-2.

Uvigerina pigmae d’Orbigny Plate 2, fig. 16

Uvigerina pigmae d’Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 1826; p. 269, pl. 12,
figs. 8-9.

Uvigerina pigmae d’Orbigny; Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram.
Res., vol. 6, pt. 3, 1930; p. 62, pl. 9, figs. 14-20.

Test small, fusiform, practically circular in transverse section ;
chambers triserially arranged, inflated; sutures depressed, dis-
tinct; wall calcareous, decorated with sharp longitudinal coste,
those of each chamber being independent of the adjacent ones,
the last chamber bears very faint coste at its base, the remainder
being covered with fine short spines; aperture terminal, with a
neck and lip.

Length, .52 mm.; greatest diameter, .26 mm. Common at sta-
tion E-I.

These specimens agree closely to d’Orbigny’s original figures,
differing only in not being quite as elongate.

Family ELLIPSOIDINIDA
Genus ELLIPSOILINA Seguenza
Ellipsoidina ellipsodies Seguenza Plate 2, figs. 18, 19
Ellipsoidina ellipsoides Seguenza, Keo. Peloritans, ser. 2, vol. 5, 1859; fase.
9) p. 125 figs. 1-3.
Test composed of a rectilinear series of ovate chambers; as

20 BuuLuLeTIn 70A 124

each chamber is added, it completely embraces the younger ones
and it connected with them by a small tube, thus externally the
adult test appears to consist of a single chamber ; wall calcareous,
smooth, and polished; aperture a narrow, curved slit surrounded
by slightly raised lips; located almost at the anterior extremity of
the test.

Length, .99 mm. Rare at station 0-1.

Genus ELLIPSONODOSARIA A. Silvestri
Ellipsodonosaria verneuili (d’Orbigny) Plate 3, figs. 4-6

Dentalina verneuili d’Orbigny, Forams. Foss. Bass. Tert. Vienne., 1846; p.
48, pl. 2, figs. 7, 8.

Nodosaria verneuili Nuttall, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. of London, vol. 84,
GPAs Os tell, jolls Ga; ankeysi. dee, 15). i

Ellopsonodosaria verneuili Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res.,
vol. 5, no. 4, 1929; p. 96, pl. 14, figs. 1-3.

Test elongate, arcuate; early chambers with parallel sides and
sutures not constricted, later ones inflated and with constricted
sutures ; sutures transverse, thick, composed of clear shell mater-
ial; wall calcareous, smooth; initial end rounded and with an
eccentrically located spine ; aperture at the end of a tubular neck.

The microspheric form of this species is larger and more
tapering.

Length, 2.17 mm. Abundant at stations E-1? and o-1.

There were forms found in the upper Eocene material which
closely resemble the above species and they are here referred to it.

Ellipsonodosaria cryptocosta n. sp. Plate 3, fig. 3

Small, axis of test straight, initial end rounded and with a
sharp, transparent central spine; test gradually enlarging toward
the distal end, made up of four rather compact chambers in the
normal development; sutures transverse, slightly depressed; wall
calcareous, evenly covered with small short spines, thus giving
the test a hispid appearance ; aperture terminal and central, situ-
ated at the end of a sharp pointed neck, around this neck there
are three or four little wavy coste, each of the early chambers
has a neck similar to that of the final one.

Length of type including spine, .87 mm. Common at station
O-I.

Holotype from station o-T.

There is always a varying amount of the matrix adhering to

125 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY 21

the tests, and where this covering is not too thick there are faint
traces of longitudinal coste.

Nodosaria spinocosta® has prominent longitudinal coste which
develop into spines near the lower portion of the chambers and
lacks the hispid development of the above spjecies.

Ellipsonodosaria tuckerae, n. sp. Plate 3, figs. 1, 2

Test small, slightly arcuate, initial end rounded; average form
made up of four chambers, chambers gradually becoming larger
and more elongate toward the initial end, final chamber inflated
and much larger than the one just below it; sutures transverse,
depressed ; wall calcareous, uniformly covered with fine, short
spines; aperture central and terminal, protruding, slightly ellip-
tical in cross section and with a small rounded lip; the chambers
are connected by a delicate, centrally located, internal tube.

Length of type, .go mm. Some forms reach a length of 1.16
mm. Common at station 0-1.

Holotype from station 0-1.

The axis of the above species is always slightly arcuate, the
exterior is evenly covered with short spines, and the aperture is
at the end of a short gently compressed neck.

Genus PLEUROSTOMELLA Reuss
Pleurostomella alterans Schwager Plate 2, fig. 13

Pleurostomella alterans Schwager, Novara-Exped., Geol. Theil, pt. 2, 1866;
p. 238; pl. 6, figs. 79-80.

Test elongate, initial end bluntly pointed; early chambers ar-
ranged biserially, later ones alternating; later chambers inflated ;
sutures well defined; aperture situated within a depression,
sharply arched, and with a vertical notch which is bordered by
two teeth.

Length, .93 mm. Very rare at station o-1.

This form is wide spread in the Tertiary deposits of the Carib-
bean and Gulf of Mexico areas.

Pleurostomella brevis Schwager Plate 2, fig. 14
Pleurostomella brevis Schwager, Novara-Exped., Geol. Theil., pt. 2, 1866;
p. 239, pl. 6, fig. 81.
Pleurostomella brevis Schwager; Nuttall, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soe. of Lon-
Goi, vO, 84, jos Wy WEG jo, Wes jolle ch, le, 2,
Test small, compact slightly compressed; chambers biserially
arranged, enlarging very rapidly; initial end may be pointed or

29D’Orbigny, 1846, Foram. Foss. Bass. Test. de Vienne., p. 37, pl. 1, figs.
82, BB, ,

22 BuLLETIN 70A 126

rounded ; sutures slightly depressed ; wall calcareous and smooth ;
aperture a T-shaped slit located within a concavity in the final
chamber.

Length, 1.28 m.. Rare at station o-I.

Family ROTALIIDE
Genus CANCRIS Montfort

Cancris sagra (d’Orbigny) Plate 3, figs. 7, 8
Rotalia sagra d’Orbigny, Hist. Fist. Pol. Nat. de Cuba, 1839; p. 77, pl. 5,
figs. 13-15.

Pulvinulina sagra (d’Orbigny), Cushman, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. no. 103,
1918; p. 70, pl. 24, figs. 6 a, b.

Test trochoid, nearly equally biconvex ; periphery angular, per-
ipheral outline ovate; chambers rapidly enlarging, six in the last
whorl, later ones inflated, final chamber much enlarged on the
ventral side; sutures curved, those on the dorsal side flush with
the test; ventral sutures slightly depressed; wall calcareous,
smooth ; aperture a low slit on the ventral side at the inner bord-
er of the last formed chamber. .

Greatest diameter, .72 mm. Rare at station 0-2.

Genus EPONIDES Montfort
Eponides ponderosa, n. sp. Plate 3, figs. 9-11, 14

Trochoid, about equally biconvex, periphery narrow and with
a rounded ridge extending along its border; chambers gradually
enlarging as the coiling progresses, about nine making up the
final whorl; dorsal sutures limbate, elevated, nearly straight,
slightly slanting; spiral sutures much elevated and rounded, ex-
tending unbroken along the last one and a half whorls, breaking
up into oblong elevations and small rounded knobs in the earlier
central portion ; ventral sutures depressed, slightly curved, radiat-
ing from an umbilical area filled with small rounded and irregu-
lar shaped elevations ; wall calcareous, thick, and finely punctate ;
aperture a long low opening at the base of the final chamber,
located about midway between the periphery and the umbilicus.

Maximum diameter of type, 1.4 mm. Common at station E-I.

Holotype from station E-1.

The area of broken or beaded sutures on E ponides ponderosa
is limited to a small central area on the dorsal side while Rotalia
papillosa® has the sutures broken or beaded for their entire

eRehine H. B., 1884; Rep. Voy. Challenger, Zoology, vol. 9; p. 708, pl. 106,
ig. 9.

127 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY 23

length on both sides.
Genus SIPHONINA Reuss
Siphonina tenuicarinata Cushman,

Siphonia tenwicarinata Cushman, Jour. Pal., vol. 1, no. 2, 1927; p. 166, pl.
26, figs. 11, 12.

Test trochoid, almost equally biconvex ; periphery angular and
with a thin keel, peripheral outline nearly circular; last whorl
made up of five chambers, the last of which is somewhat inflated ;
sutures indistinct, flush with the test on the dorsal side, ventral
sutures slightly depressed; wall calcareous, smooth, punctate ;
aperture located on the ventral side just below the periphery,
elliptical in cross section, with a thick lip and a very short neck.

Diameter, .52 mm. Common at station o-1.

Family CASSIDULINIDZ
Genus CASSIDULINA d’Orbigny
Cassidulina subglobosa H. B. Brady

Cassidulina subglobosa H. B. Brady, Quart. Jour. Mier. Soe., vol. 21, 1881;
p. 60

Test subglobular, gently depressed ; periphery broadly rounded,
peripheral outline slightly lobate; chambers somewhat inflated,
irregularly alternating; sutures slightly depressed, obscure; wall
calcareous, smooth, and polished; aperture a twisted loop-shaped
opening on the face of the projecting final chamber.

Diameter, .52 mm, Common at station o-I.

Genus EHRENBERGINA Reuss
Ehrenbergina navalis, n. sp. Plate 5, figs. 4,6

Dorsal side convex, smooth, chambers moderately high ; ventral
side with a rounded median ridge but lacking the furrow which
is present in some species; sutures flush with the test on both
sides, dorsal sutures plainly visible, ventral ones very faint or in-
visible; periphery with a short delicate spine projecting from
each chamber, these spines usually point directly outward from
the edges of the test but are occasionly pointing slightly down-
ward; test lacking other ornamentation ; wall calcareous, smooth;
aperture a narrow, slightly curved slit, located close to the dorsal
margin of the apertual face.

Length of type, .72 mm.; greatest width, .4q mm. Abundant
at station 0-1.

24 BULLETIN 70A 128

Holotype from station o-I.

The above species differs from EF. pacifica™ in the absence of
the raised ridges along the ventral angle of the chambers and by
having smaller and shorter spines.

Ehrenbergina serrata Reuss Plate 5, figs. 6, 7

Ehrenbergina serrata Reuss, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien., vol. 1, 1850; p.
377, pl. 48, figs. Ta-e.

Khrenbergina serrata Cushman, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 70, art. 16, 1927;
p. 2, pl. i, figs. 2a-e.

Test small, somewhat compressed on the ventral side, nearly as
broad as long; dorsal side convex and smooth, chambers large;
lower half of ventral side covered with smooth shell material
which hides the underlying chambers and sutures ; later chambers
with small spines along the periphery; wall calcareous and
smooth; aperture elongate, slightly curved, located near the bord-
er of the last chamber.

Length, .46 mm. ; greatest width, .43 mm. Rare at station o-1.

Family CHILOSTOMELLIDE
Genus CHILOSTOMELLA Reuss
Chilostomella species Plate 2, figs. 20, 21

Test elongate, ends rounded, the end fartherest from the aper-
ture being slightly larger, circular in transverse section; greatest
diameter near the center of the test; early chambers partially ex-
posed on one side; length equal to about twice the width; wall
‘calcareous, smooth; aperture a small slit and with a weakly de-
veloped lip.

Length, .61 mm. Rare at station E-1.

This form closely resembles Chilostomella czigeki Reuss’? but
with the few specimens available specific identification does not
seem practical.

Family GLOBIGERINIDE
Genus GLOBIGERINA d’Orbigny

Globigerina bulloides d’Orbigny Plate 1, fig. 16
Globigerina bulloides d’Orbigny, Annales Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 1826; Model
no. 76.

Globigerina bulloides Brady, Challenger Report, Zoology, vol. 9, 1884; p.
p- 593, pl. 79, figs. 3-7.

Globigerina bulloides Nuttall, Jour. Pal., vol. 6, no. 1, 1932; p. 29, pl. 6,
figs. 13-15.

11Cushman, 1927 Proc. U. S. Uat. Mus., vol. 70, art. 16; p. 5, pl. 2,
figs. 2 a-c.
12Reuss, 1850, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 1; p. 380, pl. 48, figs. 18 a-d.

129 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY 25

Dorsal side convex, showing eight chambers (two whorls),
ventral side exposing four chambers, with a deep umbilicus ;
chambers spherical, inflated; wall calcareous, evenly covered
with numerous well defined pits ; major aperture a rounded open-
ing on the inner side of the final chamber, located near the um-
bilicus, some of the earlier chambers have independent apertual
openings |

Diameter, .52 mm. Abundant at station o-I.

Genus ORBULINA d’Orbigny

Orbulina universa d’Orbigny
Orbulina universa d’Orbigny, Hist. Fis. Pol. Nat. de Cuba, 1839; ‘* Foram-
imiferes??, ps 6, pl. 1) fig: 1.

Exterior consisting of a single spherical chamber which com-
pletely incloses the early globigerina-like portion; test calcareous,
finely hispid, and with a small circular opening which comprises
ihe aperture.

Diameter, .52 mm. Common at station 0-2.

These forms appear identical to those living in the present seas.

Family GLOBOROTALIIDZ
Genus GLOBOROTALIA Cushman

Globorotalia menardii (d’Orbigny) Plate 3, figs. 12, 18

Rotalia menardii d’Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 1826; p. 273, no. 26,
model no. 10.

Discorbina sacharina Schwager, Novara-Exped. Geol. Theil, 1866; p. 257,

pl. 7, fig. 106.
Globorotalia menardii Nuttall, Jour. Pal., vol. 6, no. 1, 1932; p. 28), Toll, 55
fig. 16.

Test trochoid, compressed, dorsal side slightly convex, ventral
side much more so; periphery angular and with a low thickened
keel, lobate in outline in the last half of the final whorl; test
made up of about two and a half whorls, all of which are visible
from the dorsal side, five chambers in the last whorl; chambers
on the ventral side triangular in outline and inflated; dorsal su-
tures smoothly curved, thickened, and slightly elevated; sutures
on the ventral side radiate and depressed; wall smooth, calcar-
eous, and perforate; aperture a slit on the ventral side reaching
from the umbilicus to near the periphery; with a weakly de-
veloped flap or lip extending from the final chamber’s apertul
face.

26 BULLETIN 70A 130

Greatest diameter, .59 mm. Common at station 0-2.

Family ANOMOLINIDA&
Genus CIBICORBIS Hadley, New Genus

Genotype, Cibicorbis herricki, n. sp.

Test .trochoid; dorsal side flattened; ventral side convex and
involute, chambers on this side becoming more gibbous as the
coiling progresses, final chamber with a flap-like projection which
extends toward the umbilical region; periphery angled and form-
ing a distinct division between the dorsal and ventral side; wall
calcareous and perforate; aperture located on the ventral side,
a slit between the body of the test and the extension of the final
chamber, extending from near the umbilicus to the periphery.

The genotype of Valvulineria (V. californica Cushman)* has
a rounded periphery across which the sutures extend unbroken
and thus differs from Czbicorbis.

The cotypes of this genus are deposited in the Paleontoligical
Research Institution, Ithaca, New York.

Genus CIBICORBIS
Cibicorbis herricki, n. sp. Plate 5, figs. 1-3

Test trochoid, dorsal side flattened or slightly convex on young
specimens, showing all of the chambers (two whorls) ; ventral
side convex, later chambers much thickened; periphery angular
and with a rounded thickening of shell material around its bord-
er, peripheral outline becoming lobate in the final portion of the
last whorl; final chamber with an extension which covers the
umbilicus, final chamber’s apertual face strongly convex and
bordered on either side by a low rounded flange; sutures thick,
those on the dorsal side slightly elevated, ventral sutures flush
with the test; wall calcareous, thick, and smooth; aperture a slit
between the final whorl and the extension of the last chamber,
located on the ventral side and extending from the umbilicus to
the periphery.

The distinct rounded and elevated border on either side of the
apertual face is a constant character of this species.

Greatest diameter of type, 85 mm. Common at station 0-2.

Holotype from the basal marl of the Yumuri River Gorge near
the town of Matanzas, (Matanzas Province) Cuba.

13Cushman, 1926; Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 2, pt. 8; page
59; plate

131 CUBAN FORAMINIFERA: HADLEY 27

Some of the specimens are dextrally coiled while others show
sinistral coiling.
Genus PLANULINA d’Orbigny, 1826

Planulina marialana, n. sp. Plate 4, figs. 4-6

Test slightly trochoid, much compressed, equally biconvex ;
periphery angular and with a low thin keel except for the final
chamber which has a flattened apertual face and outer border;
ventral side showing only the final whorl; some of the early
clyambers are exposed on the dorsal side, but they are more or
less hidden by small irregular elevations of shell material; cham-
bers reaching their greatest height at a point about midway be-
tween the center of the test and the periphery, tapering at their
inner and outer margins, nine chambers in the final whorl; su-
tures slightly limbate and elevated, strongly curving on both sides
but not angular, ventral sutures radiate from a small slightly de-
pressed area; test calcareous, coarsely punctate, otherwise
smooth ; aperture a low arch over the periphery at the base of the
final chamber’s apertual face and extending for a short distance
on the ventral side.

Diameter of type, .5 mm. Common at station o-I.

Holotype from station o-1.

A few forms of the above species were found which are slight-
ly larger than the average specimen, possess a flattened ventral
side, and show a weaker development of the keel; although this
form is included under the above species it is not typical.

The sutures of Planulina marialana are not as much thickened
and elevated as those of Planulina wuellorstorfi'*. The angled
and keeled periphery distinguishes this species from related
forms.

Planulina matanzasensis, n. sp. Plate 4, figs. 1-3

Test slightly trochoid, biconvex, ventral side slightly more so;
periphery angular and with a low rounded keel; twelve chambers
in the last whorl; ventral side involute, with the umbilicus
smoothly filled; on the dorsal side the entire area within the final
whorl is filled with small bead-like structures which hide all of
the early chambers; sutures on both sides elevated and slightly

urving ; aperture located at the base of the last formed chamber.
©

14Cushman, 1929, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram, Res., vol. 5; p. 102; pl. 15.

28 BuLLETIN 70A 132

Greatest diameter of type, .50 mm. Common at station 0-2.

Holotype from station 0-2.

Anomalina mantaensis*® differs from the above by having the
dorsal side flattened and by lacking the bead-like structures on the
central portion of that side. Truncatulina pseudoungeriana’® is
more coarsely punctate, has fewer chambers in the final whorl,
and the central area of shell material on the dorsal side is not
broken up into well defined nodes or elevations.

Genus PLANULINA d’Orbigny
Planulina mexicana Cushman Plate 4, fig. 12
Planulina mexicana Cushman, Contrib. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 3,
pt. 2, 1927; p. 113, pl. 23, figs. 5a, b.

Planispiral, involute, strongly compressed; periphery broadly
rounded; chambers numerous, all visible from either side, about
twelve in the last whorl of an adult test, much wider than high;
sutures strongly curved, thickened, flush with the test; wall cal-
careous, smooth, coarsely perforate; aperture a low arch, peri-
pheral, at the base of the final chamber.

Diameter, .81 mm. Common at station 0-2.

Genus CIBICIDES Montfort

Cibicides mexicana Nuttall Plate 4, figs. 7, 8
Cibicides mexicana Nuttall, Jour. Pal., vol. 6, no. 1, 1932; p. 33, pl. 9,
figs. 7-9.

Test plano-convex, dorsal side practically flat, ventral side
strongly convex and rounded so as to give the test a hemispheri-
cal appearance when viewed from that side; periphery rounded
and without a keel ; about ten chambers making up the last whorl ;
dorsal side with a low, wide boss which covers all of the cham-
bers on that side except those composing the last whorl; dorsal
sutures oblique, slightly curved somewhat depressed, obscure;
ventral sutures gently curved, radiating from a slight central
depression, slightly raised; wall smooth; calcareous and distinct-
ly punctate; aperture a low slit at the base of the apertual face
extending from the periphery about half the distance to the um-
bilicus.

Diameter, .96 mm. Common at station o-1.

15Galloway and Morrey, 1929; Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 15, no. 55; p. 28; pl.
4; fig. 5.

16Cushman, 1921; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper no. 129; p. 97; pl. 20,
fig. 9.

133 CUBAN FORMINIFERA: HADLEY 29

Cibicides trinititatensis (Nuttall) Plate 4, figs. 10, 11

Truncatulina trinitatensis Nuttall, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soe. of London, vol.
84° 1928; p: 97, pl. 7, figs. 3) 0, 6.
Cibicides trinititatensis Nuttall, Jour. Pal., vol. 6, no. 1, 1932; p. 33, pl.

7, fig. 6.

Dorsal side slightly convex, ventral side much more so; peri-
phery rounded, without a keel; chambers numerous, much wider
than high, about fifteen making up the last whorl; early chambers
on the dorsal side covered with a low, rounded, central boss, this
mass of shell material is sharply set off from the final whorl by
a pronounced depression; sutures evenly curving on both sides,
those on the dorsal side are slightly more elevated; ventral side
with a small, low central boss; wall calcareous, smooth, and
punctate; aperture arched, at the base of the final chamber.

Diameter, .70. Common at stations E-1 and O-2.

Genus LATICARININA Galloway and Wissler

Laticarinina pauperata (Parker and Jones) Plate 4, fig. 9

Pulvinulina repanda, var. menardii, subvar. pauperata Parker and Jones,
Philos. Trans. Roy. Sov. London, vol. 155, 1865; p. 395, pl. 16,
figs. 50, 51. :

Pulvinulina pauperata H. B. Brady, Rep. Voy. Challenger, Zoology, vol. 9,
1884; p. 696, pl. 104, figs. 3-11.

Laticarinina pauperata Cushman, U. S. Nat. Mus., Bull. No. 104, part. 8,
1931; p. 114, pl.

Test plano-convex, slightly trochoid, loosely coiled; chambers
inflated, all visible from either side, nine in the last whorl; cham-
bers separated by straight, deeply constricted sutures; wall cal-
careous, smooth, hyaline; with a wide, thin carina of clear shell
material; aperture a narrow slit located along the periphery on
the ventral side and at the anterior end of the final chamber.

Greatest diameter, 1.10 mm. Very rare at station o-I.

This form lacks the large initial chabler that is often exhibited
by this species.

Family PLANORBULINIDZ
Genus GYPSINA Carter
Gypsina globulus (Reuss)

Ceriopora globulus Reuss, Haidinger’s Naturw. Abhandl., vol. 2, 1847; p.
33, pl. 5, fig. 7.

Gypsina globulus H. B. Brady, Challenger Voyage, vol. 9, Zoology, 1884;
10s Udit, qol, OILS atte fei.

Test a spherical mass of chambers; exterior surface covered

30 BULLETIN 70A 134

with a net-work which is formed by elevated chamber walls.
Diameter, .93 mm. Rare at station E-1.

Genus PLANORBULINA dOrbigny

Planorbulina laryata Parker and Jones Plate 5, fig. 9

Planorbulina vulgaris d’Orbigny, var. larvata Parker and Jones, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. 5, 1860; p. 294.
Planorbulina larvata Cushman, U. 8. Geol. Sur. Prof. Paper no. 133, 1923;
jos BY, joll, Gy mes, 7 S
Test discoidal, much flattened, attached by the dorsal surface ;
early chambers coiled, later ones irregularly arranged about the
periphery in a single layer ; sutures depressed ; central portion ob-
scured by an irregular growth of shell material; test calcareous,
coarsely perforate; apertures numerous, often with lips.
Diameter, .61 mm. Rare at stations 0-1 and 0-2.

Genus LEPIDOCYCLINA Gumbel

Lepidocyclina subglobosa Nuttall Plate 5, fig. 10
Lepidocyclina subglobdsa Nuttall, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soe. of London, vol.
84, 1928; p. 104, pl. 8, figs. 3, 5, 6, 7.

Test discoidal, central portion elevated, thinning toward the
periphery, peripheral border with small lobes of shell material;
surface decorated with numerous small, irregular depressions
which are separated by thickened partitions of shell material, the
depressions becoming larger and the.partitions thicker as they
approach the central area.

Diameter, 1.30 mm. Common at station E-I.

PPADES

CORRECTION !
Charge Bulletin Numbers on these plates to 70A in place of 70.

32 BuLuLetIn 70A 136
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1
Figures Page
12 Textularia isp. x 250 Stas Bal ee eee 7
2- 4. Vulvulina pachyheilus n. sp., x 30; 2, side view of type; 3,
apertual view of same; 4, form lacking the final uniserial cham-
loeies ox ZS pllill impo siii@m Ol .. 7
5. Clavulina communis d’Orbigny, x 25, Sta. O=2)\h< 24.3 eS
6. Gaudryina asiphonia (Andrae), x 30, Sta. O-1 .. 2. 8
7 Olaymiltina so. x 4, Ste Ol SE ee mreee Me... {)
8) Clavulina sp. x25) Stay 0] SS eee 1)
9,10. Marginulina symboides (d’ Oneioy x 30, , Sie, ©: is ®, de view;
iO poe reo a eins weave vase enone 9
11. Lenticulina formosa (Cushman), x 40; Sta. O-1; side view cevnetall
12. Nodosaria erbessina Schwager, x 25; Sta. O-l . = CtiC‘d2VTd
13. Nodosaria obliquata (Batsch). x 25; Sta. O-1 —. cop a2
14. Operculina sp.; x 20; Sta. E-l ....~ eee 5)
15. Lenticulina papillosa (Fichtel and Moll), - ax £25; ee, EB i], dee eee LiL
16. Globigerina bulloides d’Orbigny, x 30, Sta. O- ai dorsal view _. 24
17. Cycloclypeus papillosa n. sp.; x 30, Sta. E-1; side view of type 14
18. Nodosaria mexicana Cushman; x 25; Sta. H-l = 12
19. Dantalina elegantissima d’Orbigny, x 25; Sta. O-1 _........ eee el)
20. Lagena formosa Schwager; x 35; Sta. O-1; side view ....... 10

PL, 12, Vol. 20

BULL. AMER. PALEONT.

No. 70,4 PL. 1

if

i
if ¥3

Fi

i
i
4]
i

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PLATE 1

34. BULLETIN 70A 138
HXPLANATION OF PLATE 2
Figures Page
1, 2. Nonion pompilioides (Fichtel and Moll), x 40, Sta. O-1; 1,
side view; 2, Reel WGN | Loe eo are Reson 14
3. Operculina ocalana Cushman, x 5, Sta. E-1 | shale View... 14
4. Hantkenina alabamensis Cushman, x 60, Sta. H-1; side view. 15)
5, 6. Plectofrondicularia vaughani Cushman, x 30, Sta. O-1; 5, typi-
cal specimen with rounded initial end; 6, form with pointed
DYVD Gea: eva le ees Sc a a err ea Ee
7. Bolivina mexicana var. aliformis Cushman, x 30, Sta. O-1 _ 16
8. Siphogenerina multicostata Cushman, x 30, Sta. O-1 _ 17
9. Bulimina inilata Seguenza, x 35, Sta. O-1 __- : Be AG)
10,11. Entoselenia staphyllearia (Schwager), x BD, Siz O- ile iO, ee
Wall slew, Il, sicle wiley — 2 See eee en oat ry sa 17
12. Uvigerina gardnerae Cushman and Applin var. hea n. var.
KOs wtas. O=2= tye. Sie Clinan en ktses. mene Ney 19
13. Pleurostemella alterans Schwager, x 35, Sta. O-1 — Pail
14. Pleurostomella brevis Schwager, x 25, Sta. O-1 _.- 21
15. Siphogenerina transversa Cushman, XS DE Stas tO zt ee eee 18
16. Uvigerina pigmae d’Orbigny, x 75, Sta. H-1 —. 19
-17. Uvigerina canariensis d’Orbigny var. spinulosa n. var.; x 40,
Sta. O-1, type specimen ——.— a 18
18,19. Ellipscidina ellipsoides Seguenza, x 25, Sta. 0- 1; 18, test with
part of wall removed to show interior; 19, a syuieal test. === 19
20,21. Chilostomella sp., x 35, Sta. E-1; 20, ventral view; 21, dorsal
ALG Wy ee a ent ew ae eset MELE Src, Ue ae me

24

IE, 135 Wolk, 20) BULL. AMER. PALEONT. No. 70AQ PL: 2

geen

PLATE III
ee is mee

36

Figures

BULLETIN 704A 140

>

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3

Page

Ellipsonodosaria tuckerae, n. sp., x 55, Sta. O-1; 1, type spe-

cimen; 2, test with part of wall removed to show interior 21
Ellipsonodosaria cryptocosta, n. sp., x 60, Sta. O-1. The type spe-
Glimmers Boe ped es =F eee)
Ellipsonodosaria an CG: TORT. x 30, 4, a specimen
from station EH-1; 5 and 6, forms from station Q- 1 sassueees 20)
Cancris sagra (d’ eee x 85, sta. O-2: 7, dorsal views) 13;
ventral view - om [Be

9,11,14.Eponides ponderosa, n. sp., x 25, ane H-1; 9, Pane view oe i

specimen; 10, ventral, view ot another form; 11, peripheral
view; 14, dorsal view of a form showing a slelavley different
AAMNSINaN, Ot We Cememmall @lleOwetNOMs 22
Globorotalia manardii (d’Orbigny), x 35, Sta. O- 2; 12, dorsal
Views, 13.) venitral.-view 20-222 Se s0 ee ee ea oe 25

PL. 14, Vol. 20 BULL. AMER. PALEONT.

-

>
4
ea
<<
—
(uy

38 BuLLeTIN 70A 142

TExPLANATION OF PLATE 4

Figures Page

1- 3. Planulina matanzasensis, n. sp. x 70; Sta. O-2; 1, dorsal view of
type; 2, ventral view of same; 3, poh view another spe-

CHIC Ge ar oe oe eee pees Eee i 27
4- 6. Planulina ariaiana: is Do, 2 : 5B: Sta. 0. ig 4, S aeeees view; 5,

ventral view of type; 6, seminherl view of SAOTRSE anochanee 27
7- 8. Cibicides maxicana Nuttall, x 35; Sta. O-1; dorsal view; 8, ven-

TaTeEZ mA al oh hide eee pees te UES AR chk te eee ane eee eee eS eS ies F}

9. Laticarinina raion (Parker and Jones), x 25; Sta. O-1,
dorsal view Phe th ACERS Sh 0 eS em tl ee ee a ee

10-11. Cibicides trinitatensis (Nuttall) x 385; Sta. O-2; 10, dorsal
view; 11, ventral view — ~~ » BY

12. Planulina mexicana Cushman; x 45, ‘Sta. “0-2 78 iapeeoie view 11,
ventral view — —_- cad a ae AB mers a Pe eo ed ee :
12. Planulina mexicana Guster x 45, Sta. O-2; side view... 28

ILE A Moll 200, BULLE: AMERSPALEON T. No. 708 PL. 4

40 BULLETIN 70A
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5
Figures
1- 3. Cibicorbis herricki new genus and new species; x 30; Sta.
O-2 1, ventral view; 2, dorsal view; 3, peripheral view. All
figures from cotypes Boe AO IR RL ley A Se
4, 5. Ehrenbergina navalis n. sp.; x 50, Sta. O-1; 4, dorsal view; 5,
ventral view of type —__. 3 a UE oe eed 2 aaa
6, 7. Ehrenbergina serrata Reuss, x 45; Sta. O-1; 6, dorsal view;
if, Sy@mateeelll SVG Zola Weer, ae Stee 2
So lellenimilareiey sio,8 ox 108 Stes Oails sicle wiley — =
8. Planorbulina larvata Parker and Jones, x 70; Sta. O-2; dorsal
: SVL G Wee fie ee AL SD eee Ne ae eh. ae
10. Lepidocyclina subglobosa Nuttall, x 20; Sta. E-1; view of ex-

TOT (ed a re ee ST se

144

Page

26

23

PL. 16, Vol. 20

BULLETINS
OF

AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY

Vol. 20

No. 705

Eocene Corals

Part |: From Cuba

Part |! : A New Species of Madracis from Texas

By JoHN W. WELLS

June 9, L934

Paleontological Research Institution,

Ithaca, New York
U.S. AN.

2

PARIMEBOCEINE CORALS FROM CUBA
INTRODUCTION

The specimens described in this paper were collected in the
province of Camaguey, Cuba, in 1932 by N. E. Weisbord, who
kindly offered them to the author for description. It has been
a pleasure to work up this collection which adds materially to
our knowledge of the corals of the West Indian Eocene.

No correlation of the formation containing these corals in the
province of Camaguey is at present available, but from the corals
it would appear that it is approximately equivalent to the upper
Eocene St. Bartholomew limestone (Priabonian-Ludian-Jackson-
ian). This is suggested by the presence of Astrocoemia mcrustans
both in Camaguey and St. Bartholomew and by the lack of any
species indicative of the middle and lower Eocene formations of
the West Indian islands. The presence in Camaguey of two
species identified with two occurring in the limestone above the
conglomerate on Mogote Peak near Guantanamo, Cuba, may
also indicate an equivalency.

Besides the 7 new and 3 old species discussed in the present
paper, there are in the collections from Camaguey province
poorly preserved specimens of 6 other species of Madreporaria,
including one faviid, one poritid, and a species of Metethmos or
Frechia, one well-preserved hydrocoral (Errina ?), and a num-
ber of fragments of several species of lithothamnioids. The
whole fauna is indicative of fairly shallow water but not of
true reef-building conditions.

4 BULLETIN 70B 148

DESCRIRMONEOE TSE uss

MADREPORARIA

Family TROCHOSMILIIDZ Pourtales
Genus TROCHOSMILIA Milne Edwards & Haime 1848

Trochosmilia raymondi, n. sp. lene ih, ies, iw, 2

Description.—Corallum free, very much compressed, cunei-
form, expanding rapidly from a small base. Height of corallum,
23.5 mm.; diameters of the calice, 10 x 47 mm. ; depth of calice;
8 mm. Coste rounded, with single rows of low beads, equal in
size with narrow interspaces and distinct down to within two-
thirds of the distance from the calice margin to the base. Septa
numerous, alternating regularly in size and length, extending to
the center of the corallum at the bottom of the calice. They
number about 20 in a space of 10 mm.,—nearly 200 in the whole
corallum. Columella absent. Endothecal dissepiments slightly
developed near the wall.

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Occurrence: Type locality—Loma Calixto near Nuevitas,
Camaguey, Cuba.

Remarks.—This species, which is unlike any other form of the
genus now known from the West Indian Tertiary, belongs to de
Angelis d’Ossat’s second group’, that of 7. complanaat, which
includes species with a cuneiform corallum and a much-elongat-
ed calice, most of which are found in the Cretaceous and are
practically unknown in the Eocene. The lack of a lamellar
columella distinguishes it from Placosmilia, and. the presence of
dissepiments and a theca from Placotrochus, species of which
resemble this form occur in the West Indies.

Family ASTROCOENIIDE Koby
Genus ASTROCOENIA Milne Edwards & Haime 1848

Including the two new species described in the present paper,
there are known at present 8 species of this genus in the Eocene
of the West Indies. Besides these, the author has described in
manuscript a ninth from the middle Eocene Yellow Limestone
of Jamaica. A Key for the differentiation of these species, with

1de Angelis d’Ossat, G. Coralli del cretacico inferiore della Catalogna.
Palaeontographica Italica, vol. 11, p. 221, 1905.

149 CuBAN CorALS: WELLS 5

the exception of the last, follows:
I. Styliform columns or pillars between calices.
1. Corallum massive, calices shallow
2. Corallum ramose, calices deep
II. Styliform pillars absent.
1. Calices averaging 2.0 mm., or larger.
A. Corallum ramose.
ay Septal dentations ‘eoagse 54452... A. d’achardt
bar Septaladentations: tite Maes ae A. meinzert
BerGorallumenmassives sae seen
2. Calices averaging less than 2.0 mm.
Ave Corallumeratniosey. +. oe Soe coe ses
B. Corallum massive or encrusting.
a. Calices 0.75-1.0 mm., corallum
EMCHISUINIST ne eM eee i ee:
b. Calices 1.5-1.75, corallum massive
CUCU ent Ea Aa eg ON RES i SA ear CaN SDE Al. guarntanamensis

A. decaturensis

A. nuevitasensis

A. incrustans

Astrocoenia calixtoensis, n. sp. Plate 1, figs. 3-17

Description —Corallum ramose with short stubby branches
averaging 8 mm. in diameter. Calices small, polygonal or round-
ed-polygonal, with fused walls about 0.25 mm. thick, averaging
1.5 mm. in diameter (range 1.0-1.75 mm.) and from 1.0 to 2.0
mm. in depth. Inner wall of calices vertical. Septa 16 in num-
ber, 8 large and 8 small ones, the former only reaching to the
columella. Laterally the septa are smooth, but their upper mar-
gins are notched by distant teeth. The columella is small and
styliform, projecting upwards from the bottom about one-third
of the distance to the upper edge of the calice. Dissepiments
present.

Types.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Occurrence: Type locality—Loma Calixto near Nuevitas,
Camaguey, Cuba.

Remarks.—Vhis species, like A. duwerdem Vaughan’, has all
the characteristics of Stylocoenia, except for the denate septa.

2Vaughan, T. W. Some Cretaceous and Eocene Corals from Jamaica.
Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 34, p. 235, pl. 37, figs. 1-4, 1899.

6 BULLETIN 70B 150

If the type of Stylocoenia, S. emarciata (Lamarck), really has
smooth septal margins, then that genus is a Eusmilid, and it may
prove desirable in that case to separate from Astrocoenia a
generic group with styliform pillars to include the present form,
A. duerdem, and others.

A. duerdem differs from A. calixtoensis by its more massive
growth-form and shallower calices.

Astrocoenia nuevitasensis, n. sp. Plate 1, figs. 8, 9; 18

Description.—Corallum ramose, with somewhat compressed
branches averaging 10 x 12 mm. in diameters; height variable.
Calices rounded-polygonal, ranging in diameter from 1.0 to I.5
mm., shallow, with thick, rounded, fused walls. The surface of
the specimens are worn and no ornamentation can be seen. The
septa are 16 in number, corresponding to two cycles and one-
third of the third, arranged in 8 equal systems. The eight larger
ones extend to the columella and are thickened at the point of
meeting. The eight others are small. Their upper margins are
dentate and laterally they are lightly granulated. Columella
small and styliform. Endothecal dissepiments present. The
under surface of the basal portion of the colony is epithecate.

Types.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Occurrence (Type locality) —lLoma Calixto near Nuevitas,
Camaguey, Cuba.

Remarks.—The two other ramose species of the genus from
the Eocene of the West Indies are A. d’achiardi (Duncan)* and
A. meingert Vaughan*. In both of these species the calices are,
on the average, twice as large as in the present form.

Astrocoenia incrustans (Duncan) Plate 1, figs. 10, 11

Stephanocoenia incrustans Dunean 1873. Q. J. G. S. London, vol. 29, p.
553, pl. 20, fig. 6.

Stephanocoenia incrustans Vaughan 1899. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol.
34, p. 229.

Astrocoenia incrustans Vaughan 1919. Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 103, p. 347.

’Dunean, P. M. On the older Tertiary formations of the West Indian
Islands. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London., vol. 29, p. 554, pl. 20, figs. 7,
Ta, 1873.

4Vaughan, T. W. Fossil Corals from Central America, ete. Bull. U. S.
Nat. Mus., 103, pp. 349-350, pl. 79, figs. 3, 3a, 1919.

151 CuBAN CorRALS: WELLS 7

Types.—University of Upsala.

Plesiotypes.—VPaleontological Research Institution.

Occurrence (Type locality).—St. Bartholomew limestone,
Island of St. Bartholomew. Other locality—lLoma Calixto near
Nuevitas, Camaguey, Cuba. (Plesiotypes).

Remarks.—I| am referring to this species two specimens from
Cuba. Both of them agree with Duncan’s figure and description
and with Vaughan’s later description. One specimen shows the
encrusting growth-form; the other is a small, nodular, peduncu-
lated head with a height of 20 mm. and a diameter of 23 mm.
Both have the same type of calices and septal arrangement and
there seems to be no reason to distinguish them as being separate
species. The calices vary in size from 0.75 to 1.25 mm, and
contain 16 septa, alternately long and short. There is no evidence
of any columns between the calices.

Astrocoenia guantanamensis Vaughan Rlate is figs: L253

Astrocoenia guantanamensis Vaughan 1919. Bull. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., 103,

p- 347, pl. 79, figs. 1, la, 2.

Type.—U. 5. N. M. No. 324794.

Other specimens.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Occurrence (Type locality).—Mogote Peak, near Guantanamo,
Cuba, 375 feet a. t. Other localities ——Jackass Point, St. John,
Antigua, (Vaughan) ; Tonosi, Panama, (Vaughan) ; Loma Cal-
ixto, near Nuevitas, Camaguey, Cuba, (Weisbord).

Remarks.—Four well-preserved specimens from Loma Cal-
ixto have been examined and seem to belong to this species.
They represent fragments from what were apparently massive,
tuberous, colonies. The calices are shallow, ranging in diameter
from 1.5 to 1.75 mm., with 16 septa, arranged in 8 equal systems.
The upper margins of the septa are strongly dentate with from
4 to 6 dentations on each (Vaughan gives 3 as the number in the
type). The wall is broad with an acute margin crossed by coste
or simply dentate.

Family FAVIIDA) Gregory
Genus FAVIA Oken 1815
Favia weisbordi, n. sp. Plate 2, fig. 8

Description.—Corallum massive, with a rounded upper sur-
face. Lower surface covered with a thin, wrinkled, epitheca.

8 BULLETIN 70B 152

Calices of medium size, circular, oblong, elliptical or subangular
in outline, separated by intercorallite areas from 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
across. Cavities deeply excavated. Walls thin and acute on the
upper edge, deeper down much thicker. Septa thin, dentate on
their upper margins, laterally spinulose, slightly exsert at the
margins of the calice. They vary in number, depending on the
size of the calice. This, in calice no. I there are 32, in no. 2, 38,
and 44 in no. 3. In a section it is seen that they alternate in
length so that one-half of them extend to the columella where
they are slightly thickened. Costae correspond to all the septa,
well-developed, but short and non-confluent between calices, and
the middle of the intercorallite areas is usually smooth or slightly
granular or spinulose. Margins of the coste not seen. Col-
umella poorly developed, formed by the inner ends of the septa
and lying deep in the calice. Thin dissepiments present although
the mural elements are frequently thickened so that the exotheca
is lost. Reproduction by fission.

Dimensions.—

Calice No. Greater Lesser
diameter diameter
I Bos Waa | 3.0 mm.
2 5.0 4.0
5 5:5 3-5

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.
Occurrence (Type locahty).—Loma Calixto near Nuevitas,
Camaguey, Cuba.

Remarks.—The only American species of Favia with which
this form can be compared, and to which it is closely related, is
the well-known Favia fragum (Esper), now living in the West
Indies and known also from the Pleistocene reefs of the same
region. Both species have the same size and type of calices
with about the same number of septa. The intercorallite areas of
F. fragum are marked by tall spines or spinulose coste. The
same may have been true of F. weisbordi but the holotype is
worn on the upper surface. The columellas of the two forms
differ in that it is more fully developed in the living species.

153 CuBAN CoRALS: WELLS 9

The main distinction is the relatively shallow, sharp-walled calices
with slightly exsert septa of F. weisbordi as compared to the deep
calices and highly exsert septa of /’. fragum.

Family MUSSIDZ Verrill
Genus SYZYGOPHYLLIA Reuss 1866

Syzygophyllia hadleyi, n. sp. Plate 2, figs. 3, 4

Description —Corallum relatively low, expanding rapidly from
a narrow base. The coste are equal in size, large, with single
rows of coarse dentations. No traces of an epitheca. The calice
is shallow with broad, gently curved and slightly reflexed mar-
gins. The septa, about 120 in number, are alternately thick and
thin, with coarse, spinulose, mussaoid dentations which average
1.5 mm, in length at the base with a height of 1.0-1.5 mm. Their
upper margins are gently rounded, peripherally descending and
merging with the coste, centrally descending to the columella,
which is met by the first three cycles. The columella is indis-
tinct but large and compressed. Endothecal dissepiments abun-
dant and well-developed.

Dimensions.—
Height Calicular Diameters
ca. 32 mim. 50 x 50 mm.

Holotype.—Paleontonogical Research Institution.

Occurrence (Type locality).—In the railway cut between 1.5
and 2 km. north of Nuevitas railway station. Camaguey, Cuba.
This horizon is apparently equivalent to that found at Loma
Calixto.

Remarks.—A single specimen in a fair degree of preservation
is here made the type of a new species. It has suffered some
distortion due to pressure and the extreme end of the base is
broken off. The septal teeth are not all preserved but enough
remain to show their mussaoid character. The apparent ab-
-sence of an epitheca may well be due to post-mortem wear.

S. hayesi Vaughan® from the upper Eocene Brito formation

5Vaughan, T. W. Bossil Corals from Central America, etc. Bull. U. S.
Nat. Mus., 103, p. 424, pl. 106, figs. 1, la, 1b, 1919.

10 BULLETIN 70B 154

of Nicaragua, is a larger species, externally covered by a thick
epitheca, with more and thicker septa than S. hadley. S. gregoru
Vaughan, of the Bowden (Miocene) marl of Jamaica, resembles
this species very closely, according to Duncan’s® figures of An-_
tillia ponderosa (=S. gregori).

Family TROCHOSERIDA Wells
Genus TROCHOSERIS Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
Prochoseris meinzeri Vaughan Plate 1, figs. 14-17
_ Trochoseris meinzeri Vaughan 1919. Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 103, p. 426,
pl. 106, figs. 2, 2a, 2b.

Holotype.—U. S. N. M. No. 325228.

Other specimens.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Occurrence (Type locality) —Mogote Peak, near Guantan-
an.o, Cuba. Other locality—lLoma Calixto near Nuevitas, Cama-
guey, Cuba.

Remarks.—Five specimens are referred to this species, not,
however, without some doubt. They are all smaller than the
type specimen, as shown by the following dimensions:

Height Calicular Diameters
19 mm. 35 x 40 mm.
13 32 % 33
13 25 X 30
13.5 25 X 28
17, 20 x 28

The wall is solid, marked by small rounded, equal or slightly
alternating coste which number from 9 to 12 in a space of 5 mm.
The septa are numerous and crowded. About 30 of them ex-
tend to the center and the total number probably exceed 200.
In the type, a larger specimen, there are about 280.

One of the specimens (the second in the above table) possesses
a much higher number of septa, averaging 9 in a space of 2 mm.,
and probably more than 400 altogether, but is otherwise very
much like the rest, is here distinguished for the present as
Trochoseris meinzeri camagueyensis, n. var. (Pl. 1, figs. 14, 15.)

6Dunean, P. M. On the fossil corals on the West-Indian Islands. Quart.
Jour. Geol. Soe. London, vol. 19, pl. 16, figs. 6a, 6b, 1863.

155 CuBAN CorRALS: WELLS 11

Family PORITID Dana

Genus GONIOPORA Quoy. & Gaimard 1833
Goniopora taberi, n. sp. Plate 2, figs. 5-7

Description.—Corallum apparently ramose, consisting of thick
compressed Lranches. The holotype is a fragment of a branch
50 mm. long and about 15 x 17 mm. in diameter. Calices poly-
gonal, shallow, averaging 2.75 mm. in diameter (maximum, 3.0
mm.). The wall is distinct, usually formed by a single row
of trabecular elements united by synapticule. Occasionally the
wall may consist of 2 or 3 united rows of such united elements
or rods. The septa are about equal in thickness, 24 in number,
composed of 4-6 trabecule fused in a row. The upper termina-
tions of the trabecule form rounded dentations on the upper mar-
gins. The septal arrangement is typical for the genus,—six
primaries extending to the center and uniting to the columella,
with a triplet group of a secondary and two tertiaries between
each pair. Pali six in number, styliform, forming a crown
around the columella. Columella a single style.

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Occurrence (Type locality).—Loma Calixto near Nuevitas,
Camaguey, Cuba.

Remarks.—There are two other species of Goniopora in the
upper Eocene of the West Indies. They both occur in the St.
Bartholomew limestone and are still undescribed. They have
been noted as Goniopora new species 1 and Goniopora new
species 2 by Vaughan’. The first was identified by Duncan as
Actinacis rollei Reuss and the second was placed by him in
Porites ramosa, Catullo*. Both of these species are European
forms and neither is identical with the St. Bartholomew or Cuban
species.

ALCYONARIA
Family HELIOPORIDZ Moseley
Genus HELIOPORA de Blainville 1834
‘Heliopora bennetti, n. sp. Plate 2, figs. 1, 2

Description—tThe corallum forms a thin incrustation from 1

7Vaughan, T. W. Fossil Corals from Central America, etc. Bull. U. S. Nat.
Mus., 103, p. 194, 1919.

8Dunean, P. M. On the Older Tertiary Formations of the West-Indian
Islands. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 29, p. 561, 1873.

12 BULLETIN 70B 156

to 3 mm. in thickness with a regularly convex upper surface.
The autopores are more or less regularly spaced from 1.0 to 1.5
mm. apart and average 0.75 mm. in diameter. They are deep
with a few horizontal tablue and with an average of 24 pseudo-
septa. Their walls are thin, surrounded by a circumferential ring
of pores formed by the external extensions of the pseudo-septa
into the coenenchyme. The pseudo-septa are well-developed and
may reach one-half of the distance from the wall toward the axis.
The small siphonopores of the coenenchyme are regularly spaced
-so that 6-8 of them occupy I mm. On the surface their openings
form a meshwork of circular orifices. In a vertical section they
are seen to consist of small tubes with fused walls and thin, hori-
zontal, tabular, dissepiments.

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Occurrence (Type locahty).—Loma Calixto near Nuevitas,
Camaguey, Cuba.

Remarks.—This species is particularly interesting because it
is the first record of Hehopora in the West Indies, either fossil
or recent. Only one other species of the family is known at
present from the North American region,—Polytremacis ? han-
cockensis Wells® of the lower Glen Rose formation (Aptian) of
Central Texas. This was founded on an external mould and
may well belong to Heliopora, since the only real difference be-
tween the two genera is the thicker wall of Polytremacis’®. P.
? hancockensis has slightly larger autopores than H. benetti and
fewer pseudo-septa (18). Hehopora (Polytremacis) bellardi
Haime" is one of the few European Eocene species. It possesses
slightly larger autopores, smaller siphonopores, and a_ lobed,
massive growth-form. H. coerulea (Pallas), type of the genus
and a recent Indo-Pacific form, has a branching or lobed growth-
habit, autopores 0.5 mm. in diameter with only 12 pseudo-septa.

9Wells, J. W Corals of the Trinity Group of the Comanchean of Central
Texas. Jour. Pal., vol. 6, p. 256, pl. 35, fig. 5, 1932.

10Gregory, J. W. Polytremacis and the Ancestry of Helioporidz. Proc.
Royal Soc., vol. 66, p. 299. 1899.

11Haime, J. Foss. Numm. Nice. Mem. Soc. geol. France, ser. 2, vol. 4
p. 289, pl. 22, fig. 7, 1852. ;

Part I

TEXPLANATION OF PLATE 1

14 BULLETIN 70B 158
EXPLANATION OF PLATE .1
Figure Page
1. Trochosmilia raymondi, n. sp. Calice of holotype, x1 4
2. Trochosmilia raymondi, n. sp. Lateral view of holotype, x1 _- 4
3. Astrocoenia calixtoensis, n. sp. Paratype, x1 ‘a gy OU ee es ieee
4. Astrocoenia calixtoensis, n. sp. Calices of paratype, x4 5
5. Astrocoenia calixtoensis, n. sp. Natural vertical section of a para-
AVS Gly: Ke) eee ae en ee RE CUE GUN et helo 5
6. Astrocoenia calixtoensis, n. sp. Natural vertical section of a para-
Ey C5 A. Se a ee 2 ee el ee ee 5, ttn We aaa 8)
7. Astrocoenia calixtoensis, n. sp. Type, xl. CS“
8. Astrocoenia nuevitasensis, n. sp. Paratype, xl = —ssseeFeFeses«~*SC
9. Astrocoenia nuevitasensis, n. sp. Calices of paratype, x4 +6
10. Astrocoenia incrustans (Duncan). xl. Loma Calixto eG
11. Astrocoenia incrustans (Duncan). Calices, x4 9 6
12. Astrocoenia guantanamensis Vaughan. xl. Loma Calixto. 7
13. Astrocoenia guantanamensis Vaughan. Calices, x4 a
14. Trochoseris meinzeri camagueyensis, n. var. Lateral view of type, x1. 10
15. Trochoseris meinzeri camagueyensis, n. var. Calices of type, xl. 10

gB
PIL 74, Wilk 20 BULL. AMER. PALEONT. No. 704, PL. 1

Pave i

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2

CORRECTION !
Change Bulletin Numbers on these plates to 70B in place of 70A.

16

BULLETIN 70B

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2

Figure

Heliopora bennetti, n. sp. Holotype, 2 eee

Heliopora bennetti, n. sp. Surface of holotype, x4.
Syzygophyllia hadleyi, n. sp. Calice of holotype, x1 —_—

Syzygophyllia hadleyi, n. sp. Lateral view of holotype, x1.
. Goniopora taberi, n. sp. Holotype, xl.
. Goniopora taberi, n. sp. Calices of holotype, x1.
. Goniopora taberi, n. sp. Calices of holotype, x4.

160

Peet Sa 11

= iil

aye ae arenee il

= iil

ata 11
. Favia weisbordi, n. sp. Corallum of holotype, x1 — Cs

i
No. sine PL. 2

BULL. AMER. PALEONT,

Pe MR, Wolly 20

Us!

161 CuBAN CoRALS: WELLS 17

PAURIC Ile Al NIB SIZIECIUES, OIF NW AUDI ACIS TANKOUME Iie
HOCH NMETOI WE XCAS,

The specimen which is the subject of this note was collected by
the author in the spring of 1930. Besides the new species repre-
sented by this specimen, the following corals were collected at the
time at the same locality: .

Trochocyathus sp.

Caryophyllia texana Vaughan 1900

Archohelia singleyi (Vaughan) Vaughan

Balanophyllia irrorata coniformis Vaughan 1900

Balanophyllia irrorata mortoni (Gabb & Horn)

Genus MADRACIS Milne Edwards & Haime 1849

Genotype.—Madracis asperula E. & H. 1850. Recent
Maderia. (By subsequent designation, EH. & H., 1850).

Madracis herricki, n. sp. Plate 1, figs. 1, 2

Description.—Corallum massive with low proliferations from
the upper surface. The holotype measures 26 x 37 mm.; the
maximum height of the four projections is 6 mm. Calices shal-
low, irregular and polygonal in outline, crowded together and
united by fused walls which are produced into a thin ridge at the
line of fusion on the surface. Coenenchyme little or none.
Diameter of calices from 1.0 to 3.0 mm., average 2.5 mm. Septa
20, representing two cycles and part of the third, arranged in ten
equal systems, non-exsert, laterally granulate with finely dentate
upper margins. Ten larger ones extend to the columella to which
they are fused. The remaining ten are thinner and extend less
than one-third of the distance to the axis. The columella is
styliform and secondarily thickened so that it is usually two-
thirds the calicular diameter. The junction of septum and col-
umella is marked by a low knob on the upper surface of the
latter. Endotheca horizontal, thin, and well-developed.

Holotype.——Paleontological Research Institution, Ithaca, N. Y.

Occurrence (Type locality).—In the Weches clay of the Mt.
Selman formation (Claibornian) on the east bank of Colorado

18 BULLETIN 70B 162

River about too yards upstream from the highway bridge, Smith-
ville, Bastrop County, Texas.

Remarks.—There are three other species of this genus in the
Eocene of the Coastal Plain,—M. ganei Vaughan', M. johnsom
Vaughan’, and M. Gregorioi Vaughan*. The present form is
distinguished from all these by the presence of 10 relatively
well-developed secondary septa. It also differs by its more
massive growth-form, but this character may be due to a differ-
-ence of environment. In M. ganei and M. johnsoni the calices
are rounded and separated by coenenchyme. In M. gregoriot
and the new species they are crowded together and separated only
by the thickness of the corallite walls. MJ. hericki is probably
most closely related to M. gregorioi (Chickasawan stage, Ala-
bama), with which it agrees in every way but for the presence
of well-developed intermediate septa and more closely appressed
calices with thinner walls.

1Vaughan, T. W. Eocene and Lower Oligocene Coral Faunas of the
United States, etc. U.S. Geol. Surv. Mon. 39, p. 128, pl. 13, figs. 1-7, 1900.

2Ibid. p. 129, pl. 138, figs. 8-11.

3Ibid. p. 1380, pl. 18, figs. 12, 12a.

Ratoni tay

EXPLANATION oF PLATE 1

¥
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20 BULLETIN 70 B-
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1
Figure

1. Madracis herricki, n. sp. ‘Upper surface of the holotype, x1
2. Madracis herricki, n. sp. Upper surface of the holotype, x2

PL, 19, Well, 20) BULL. AMER. PALEONT. ING, 7/018), PIL

BULLETINS

OF

AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY

Vol. 20

No. 70C

Some Cretaceous and Tertiary Echinoids from Cuba

By NORMAN E, WEISBORD

July 7, 1934

Paleontological Research Institution,

Ithaca, New York
Wess Ae

o

INTRODUCTION

The echinoids described herewith were collected by the writer
in the years 1931 to 1933 while engaged in a study of the geology
of Cuba for The Atlantic Refining Company of Philadelphia.
Permission to publish this paper has been generously granted by
this company through the intercession of Dr. Roy E. Dickerson,
its chief geologist, to whom the writer is indebted for this and
for his many helpful suggestions.

The writer also wishes to express his appreciation to Professor
G. D. Harris for the use of the facilities of the paleontological
labratory of Cornell University and of the new-born Paleonto-
logical Research Institution, of which he is founder. The types
of the new species described in this article are deposited in the
Paleontological Research Institution at Ithaca, New York, in a
fire-proof building recentlty constructed by Professor Harris.
In this connection it might be well to state that most of the types
of new species collected by the students of Professor Harris are
to be deposited here where they can be properly cared for and
safe from the hazards of fire. By express provision of the char-
ter of the Institution, all collections contained therein may be
studied by any bona-fide student of paleontology.

Whenever any doubt exists in the identity of the Cuban spe-
cies with those in other parts of the world, the writer has pre-
ferred to call the Cuban species new, calling attention, however,
to its similarity to the form with which it has been compared.
Even slight differences, if specific and not individual, may be of
stratigraphic importance, and until such time as the stratigraphy
and paleontology of the West Indies are more thoroughly known,
it seems advisable to separate species if reasonable doubt exists
concerning their similarity. This attitude may seem inconsistent
when it is observed that the writer has lumped many differently
shaped forms into one species, as for example in Lamieria lanieri
(dOrbigny), Oligopygus sanchezi Lambert and Jacksonaster
acunai Roig. In these species the differences of various speci-
mens are individual rather than specific and actually intergrade

4 BULLETIN 70C 168

as can be seen by studying the large number of examples in our
collection. On the other hand, when there are not many speci-
mens available for comparison, as in the various species of
Peronella, it is necessary to split species on the evidence adduced
from the forms available. The justification of such a procedure
will be determined when large collections are obtained in the
future.

LOCALITIES

The Cuban echinoids discussed in this report come from five
different localities. These localities, in ascending stratigraphic
sequence, are the following:

I. On the property of Central San Antonio, 150 meters
northwest of the sugar cane loading rack at Esperanza switch.
This switch lies on the private railroad of Central San Antonio,
about 10 kilometers east of the mill and town of Madruga, near
the eastern boundary of Habana Province.

2. In road cut at Loma Calisto, approximately 800 meters
southwest of the south end of the town of Nuevitas, on the road
leading toward Belen, Province of Camagtey. Nuevitas lies
on the north coast of Cuba, on Nuevitas Bay.

3. From cut along the railroad between Neuvitas and Pas-
telillo, about two kilometers southeast of Neuvitas railroad sta-
tion, Province of Camagtiey. This railroad is a branch line of
the Ferrocarril Central de Cuba, extending to Camaguey City.
It should not be confused with the Ferrocarril del Norte which
lies a short distance north of and parallel to it, but which termi-
nates at Puerto Tarafa, not Pastelillo.

4. On road between Entronque Paso Real and Son Diego de
Los Bafios, 3 kilometers northwest of Entronque Paso Real,
Pinar del Rio Province. Entronque Paso Real is a road junction
on the Carretera Central (Central Highway), 49 kilometers east
of Pinar del Rio City. : .

'5. From the Central Highway of Cuba, 150 meters east of
kilometer post 440, between the towns of Jatibonico and Ciego
de Avila, Province of Camagitiey.

169 CUBAN EcHINOIDS: WEISBORD 5

GEOLOGIC HORIZONS

Locality No. 1—On property of Central San Antonio, 150
meters northwest of Esperanza switch on the Central San An-
tonio railroad, about 10 kilometers east of the town of Madruga,
near the eastern boundary of Habana Province.

Age.—Lower part of the Upper Cretaceous, Letween the
Cenomanian and Coniacian.

This locality was discovered by Dr. Robert L. Palmer and
shown to the writer by William D. Chawner. The fossils col-
lected here by the writer were found in a newly ploughed field,
in earth derived from underlying marls. The rock adhering to
some of the specimens is a tan, marly limestone, rather porous
‘n texture when weathered. The indurated limestone is com-
posed primarily of calcareous sand grains and some foraminifera,
the sand grains having been derived from the calcareous tests
of various invertebrate organisms.

The echinoids from this locality are the following:

Goniopygus supremus Hawkins
Codiopsis ciae Lambert

Coenholectypus cubae Hawkins
Lanieria lanieri (d’Orbigny )
Echinobrissus cubensis Weisbord, n. sp.
Cassidulus cubensis Weisbord, n. sp.
Catopygus jeanneti Lambert
Clypeopygus habanensis Weisbord, n. sp.
Hemiaster cf. antillensis Cotteau
Hemiaster madrugensis Weisbord, n. sp.
Hemiaster siboneyensis Weisbord, n. sp.

Goniopygus supremus Hawkins from Cuba is identical with
the species originally described from Jamaica by Hawkins. In
Jamaica it occurs in the Rudistid Limestone which is believed
by Woolacott’ and Hawkins? to be of possible Turnonian age
The species is nearly identical with Goniopygus menardi Agassiz,
particularly the variety globosa, which ranges from thie Geno;

1Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 10, 9th ser., p. 5385, 1922.
2Geol. Mag., vol. 61, No. 721, p. 315, 1924.

6 BULLETIN 70C ATO

manian to the lower Senonian in Europe. It also may be com-
pared with Goniopygus major Agassiz from the Cenomanian of
France, although this species has three, instead of four excava-
tions in the genitals at the periproct.

Codiopsis ciae Lambert is so close to Codiopsis arnaudi Cot-
teau from the lower Senonian of France that Cotteau, who
originally named arnaudi, mistakenly identified the Cuban spe-
cies as the same. Lambert*, in reviewing the work of Cotteau
and Egozcue*@, noted that the Cuban Codiopsis “arnaud?’ is
quite different from the type species described from France and
renamed it Codiopsis ciae. The Cuban form may also be com-
pared to Codiopsis texana from the Buda Limestone (Cenoman-
fam) Ol ebexas, Wise A:

Coenholectypus cubae Hawkins and Lanieria lanieri (d’Orbig-
ny), two very interesting species which occur together and
strongly resemble one another, have no close affinities, except
perhaps for Metholectypus trechmanni-from the Barretia beds
of Jamaica. The Barretia beds are older than the Rudistid Lime-
stone horizon of Jamaica, hence possibly Cenomanian in age.

The genus Echinobrissus is well developed in the Neocomian,
Cenomanian and Senonian of France. The Cuban species
Echinobrissus cubens's Weisbord, n. sp. is more closely allied
to the Cenomanian and Senonian forms of that country than to
the Neocomian. It resembles Echinobrissus similis d’Orbigny
from Etage 20 of the Cenomanian, and is even more closely al-
lied to Echinobrissus min'‘mus d’Orbigny from Etage 22 of the
Senonian. The Senonian aspect is somewhat further heightened
by the distant relationship of our form to Echinobrissus texanus
Clark from the Austin Chalk of Texas, U. S. A. The Austin
Chalk may be equivalent to a portion of the Coniacian of lower
Senonian age.

Cassidulus cubensis Weisbord, n. sp. is quite distinct from
hitherto described species so that a comparison cannot be made
between it and other forms. Catopygus jeanneti Lambert is also
without near relationship, although it may be compared with

3Revue Critique de Paléozoologie, vol. 2, p. 30, 1898.
3a Bol. Comision Mapa Geol. de Espana, vol. 22, pp. 14, 15, pl. 1, figs. 10-
5, USO.

171 CuBAN EcHINoIDS: WEISBORD 7

Botriopygus rucistarum Hawkins from the Rudistid Limestone
age in Jamaica, and Catopygus oviformis Conrad from the
Vincentown Sand of Maestrichtian age in New Jersey, U. S. A.
Roig! reports a Catopygus rouriguezt from the Senonian at Cen-
tral Stewart, Ciego de Avila, Province of Camagney, but Catopy-
gus jeanneti is decidedly different from that species.

Lo Clypeopygus habanensis Weisbord, n. sp., the Brazilian
Echinobrissus fretas. White, from the lower part of the Upper
Cretaceous, invites comparison, though the resemblance is super-
ficial only. Yet of all the forms with which habanensis has been
compared, the Brazilian one oddly enough is the closest.

The three species of Hemiaster show a greater resemblance to
forms found elsewhere in the lower part of the Upper Cretace-
ous, although one species, Hen.aster siboneyensis Weisbord re-
calls in a general way Hemuasier parastatus (Morton) and
Hemiaster stella (Morton) both of the Vincetown Sand ( Maes-
trichtian) of New Jersey. However Hemiaster ci. antillensis
Cotteau far more closely resembles Hemiaster fowrneli Desor
from the Turonian of Europe and northern Africa, and Hemi-
aster nucleus Disor from the base of the Senonian (Comiacian
or Emscherian) in France. The third species of Henuaster,
Hemiaster madrugensis Weisbord, n. sp. finds its nearest ana-
logue in Hemiaster vicinus Stoliczka from the Ootatoor Group
(Cenomanian) of southern India.

Of the eleven species described from this locality, nine of them
resemble forms found outside of Cuba in the lower or middle
part of the Upper Cretaceous, or to use the European terminol-
ogy, in horizons between the Cenomanian and the Lower Senon-
ian (Coniacian). Two of the species may be compared in a very
general way to Maestrichtian forms, but the relationships here
are not nearly so close as are the majority of specimens t6
Cenomanian and Lower Senonian forms. It would be unwise
to attempt to assign the echinoids of this locality to a more pre-
cise subdivision of the Upper Cretaceous.

Locality No. 2.—-In road cut at Loma Calisto, approximately
800 meters southwest of the south end of the town of Nuevitas,
on the road leading toward Belen, Province of Camaguey.

Age.—Upper Eocene.

4Boletin de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 71, pl. 10, figs. 1-3, 1926.

172

BULLETIN 70C

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173 CuBAN EcHINOIDS: WEISBORD 9

The strata around Loma Colisto are composed for the most
part of cream-colored to light yellow marls which are frequently
quite soft. The dip is low, undulatory, but regionally toward
the north. The beds are richly fossiliferous, yielding in particu-
lar a profusion of larger foraminifera and a moderate abundance
of echinoids, molluscs, corals and crustacea.

The foregoing table gives a list of the echinoids found in this
locality, the species with which they have been compared and
locality and geologic horizons of the analagous forms.

Using the similarity of forms as a criterion for age determina-
tion, the species in the above list show the closest relationships
to those from the Upper Eocene of the West Indies and southern
United States. Oligopygus sanchezi Lambert is a particularly
diagnostic species since it is so closely allied to Oligopygus hal-
dermani (Conrad) from the Ocala Limestone of Upper Eocene
age in Florida. It is also virtually identical to certain so-called
forms of “Oligopygus ovwm-serpentis” (Guppy) from the Upper
Eocene of Trinidad, but does not resemble the type of that spe-
cies. Eupatagus siboneyensis Weisbord n. sp. is nearly identical
with Eupatagus carolinensis Clark from the Upper Eocene or
Lower Oligocene of North Carolina, and checks the evidence
already set forth as to the probable Upper Eocene age of the
Loma Calisto marls.

Mrs. Dorothy K. Palmer has examined some of the forami-
nifera from Loma Calisto and found such distinctive Eocene
genera as Discocyclina and Dictyoconus, as well as Lepidocyclina
ocalana var. and Lepidocyclina cf. subraulint Cushman.

Although the writer feels that the echinoids themselves sug-
gest an Upper Eocene age for this locality, it is interesting to
note that with them occurs the tubiculous annelid Serpula ct.
clymenoides (Guppy®) which is found in the San Fernando beds
of Upper Eocene age in Trinidad.

In Dr. Roig’s publication, “Los Equinodermos Fosiles de
Cuba,’ Boletin de Minas, No. 10, 1926, the following echinoids

5Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 22, p. 584, pl. 26, fig. 10, 1866.

10 BULLETIN 70C 174

from Loma Calisto are mentioned or described:

Jacksonaster acunai Roig

Jacksonaster acunai var. nuevitasensis Roig
Jacksonaster sanchezi Roig
Jacksonaster torrei Roig

*Amblypygus douvillei Lambert and Roig
*Echinodiscus crustuloides Morton
Oligopygus ovum-serpentis (Guppy)
Olhgopygus wetherbyi de Loriol
Olhigopygus haldermani (Conrad)

*Brissoides stefanini Lambert and Roig

*Brissoides carolinensis Clark

The starred species, listed on page 5 of the Boletin de Minas,
were identified by Lambert, but were neither described nor fig-
ured in that publication. Lambert’s “Brissoides carolinensis”
Clark may very likely be Eupatagus siboneyensis described by
the writer. The other three starred species do not answer in
our collection, but have been described in a paper entitled
“Neuvas Especies de Equinodermos Fosiles Cubanos” by Lam-
bert and Roig in the Memoria de los Trabajos Realizados en el
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Museo de
Historia Natural, vol. 1, 1929.

Jacksonaster acunai var. nuevitasensis Roig is probably one
of the variable shaped forms of acunai and should not, in the
writer’s opinion, be given a varietal designation. Jacksonaster
acunai changes considerably in shape and in the depth of the ex-
cavation of the petals, but such differences are incidental and
not constant. Both Jacksonaster acuna and Jacksonaster san-
chezi appear in our collection, but not Jacksonaster torrei Roig.

The writer has not found in this locality the forms identified
by Roig as Olgopygus ovum-serpentis Guppy, Oligopygus
wetherbyi de Loriol and Oligopygus haldermani (Conrad). One
of these species is undoubtedly what the writer has identified as
Oligopygus sanchezt Lambert, a species which varies a great deal
in shape, some of the specimens resembling in particular Oligopy-
gus haldermam. The majority of the Cuban forms however,
appear to be sufficiently distinct: from haldermani so that the
writer hesitates to unite the Cuban species with it.

175 CuBAN HcHINOIDS: WEISBORD ual

In assigning an Oligocene age to the Loma Calisto marls, Roig
undoubtedly followed Clark and Twitchell’s® Oligocene designa-
tion for the Ocala Limestone. Prior to 1916 the Ocala Lime-
stone was generally considered Oligocene, but in that year this
was changed to Upper Eocene by Cooke’. Finding what he be-
lieved to be both Oligopygus haldermani and Oligopygus wether-
byi in the Loma Calisto marls, Dr. Roig logically correlated the
Cuban marls with the Ocala Limestone. This correlation may
eventually prove quite correct, but although the writer tentative-
ly accepts the correlation, he follows Cooke in considering the
Ocala Limestone as Upper Eocene in age.

Locality No. 3.—From cut along the railroad between Nuevitas
and Pastelillo, about two kilometers southeast of Nuevitas rail-
road station, Province of Camaguey.

Age.—Upper Eocene.

This locality lies about four kilometers east-northeast of Loma
Calisto, along the regional strike of the area. The formation is
composed for the most part of poorly bedded to lenticular white
marls. These marls probably occupy the same general strati-
graphic position as those of Loma Calisto, and appear to form
an integral part of the same series.

The echinoids obtained here are the following:

*Jacksonaster acunai Roig (rare)
*Jacksonaster sanchezi Roig (abundant)
Laganum cubanum Weisbord, n. sp.
Peronella quinquenodulata Weisbord, n. p.
*Peronella caribbeana Weisbord, n. sp.
*Peronella cubae Weisbord, n. sp.
Scutella cubae Weisbord, n. sp.
Scutella camagtieyana Weisbord, n. sp.
*Oligopygus sanchezi Lambert
Echinolampas nuevitasensis Weisbord, n. sp.
Paraster nuevitasensis Weisbord, n. sp.
*Paraster camagtieyensis Weisbord, n. sp.
Paraster pastelilloensis Weisbord, n. sp.

These species have been found also at Loma Calisto.

6Clark, W. B. and Twitchell, M. W., The Mesozoic and Cenozoic Echinoder-
mata of the United States: U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 54, 1915.

7U. S. Geol. Survey, Prof. Paper 95, pp. 107-117, 1916.

12 BULLETIN 70C 176

Paraster cubitabellaz Weisbord, n. sp.

Laganum cubanum Weisbord, n. sp. does not closely resemble
any other form the writer has seen, so that comparisons cannot
be made. Peronella quinquenoculata Weisbord, n. sp. is akin
to Peronella mirabilis Jackson from the Upper Eocene (fide
Harris) of Trinidad, differing in its smaller size and character
of its tubercles. |

The genus Scutella is rare in the Tertiary of the West Indies
but there are two species here that are questionably referable to
‘it. Scutella cubae Weisbord, n. sp. is very much like Scutella
tuomeyi Twitchell from the Claiborne (Middle Eocene) of South
Carolina. The other species, Scutella camagiieyana Weisbord,
n. sp. has been named from a broken specimen, but its shape
seems so different from that of cubae, that it seems best to spe-
cifically differentiate it.- So far as the writer has been able to
determine, it has no close analogue.

Echinolampas nuevitasensis Weisbord, n. sp. differs some-
what in shape from Echinolampas clevei Cotteau from the
Eocene of St. Bartholomew. Otherwise the two species are
identical.

The genus Paraster is well represented in the Cuban Eocene.
Paraster nuevitasensis Weisbord, n. sp. may be compared with
Paraster loveni (Cotteau) from the Oligocene of Anguilla and
Porto Rico, and to Schizaster armigeri Clark fromthe Upper
Eocene of Alabama. Paraster pastelilloensis Weisbord, n. sp. is
unrelated to known forms, but Paraster cubitabellae Weisbord,
n. sp. is very near Paraster subcylindricus (Cotteau) from the
Eocene of St. Bartholomew.

The species mentioned above are comparable with forms
ranging from Middle Eocene to the Oligocene. Most of them
closely resemble forms from the Eocene of St. Bartholomew, so
that the writer has no hesitation in assigning an Eocene age to
the echinoids from this locality. Many of the species found at
Loma Calisto occur here, and it is believed that when more com-
plete collections are made most of the species found in Loma
Calisto will also be found in this locality. Inasmuch as the
horizon from which the echinoids of this locality come is prob-
ably part of the same series of marls at Loma Calisto, it is be-

.
:
.

177 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 13

lieved that the rocks of this locality are aiso of Upper Eocene age.

Locality No. 4.—On road be:ween Entronque Paso Real and
San Diego de Los Banos, three kilometers northwest of En-
tronque Paso Real, Province of Pinar del Rio.

Age.—Upper Eocene.

For a distance of about three kilometers from the Central
Highway at Paso Real junction, northwestward toward San
Diego de Los Banos, are a series of limestones, mottled clays,
gravels and limestone conglomerates. The dip of the strata is
to the southeast, the inclination of the beds increasing from
about ten degrees near the Central Highway to roughly twenty-
six degrees at the base of the section, with very little change in
the direction of strike. The dips are not numerous, but using
those found along the Paso Real-San Diego road, the thickness
of the section exposed from the Central Highway to a point
three kilometers northwest of it, is about 2150 feet. The upper
part of this section is composed of fossiliferous “rubble” lime-
stone interbedded with mottled clays and gravels. The lime-
stone in places is crowded with Teredo tubes resembling those of
Teredo incrassata Gabb from the Miocene of Costa Rica. Other
molluscan genera which occur are Ostrea, Lucina, Antigona, and
?Natica. Corals are also present, as well as such foraminifera
as Amphisorus and Archaias.* This portion of the section, from
its fossiliferous content and lithology, is believed to be Miocene
in age.

The lower part of the section becomes more conglomeratic,
interbedded with hard, whitish limestones and marls of various
kinds. The dip is steeper than in the beds of the upper part of
the section, although the increase in dip is not sudden.

At a point about three kilometers northwest from Paso Real,
near the base of a hill through which the automobile road runs,
the marl-limestone-conglomerate series overlies with definite an-
cular unconformity, a steeply dipping group of well-bedded

own sandstones, shales and granule conglomerates. These
| -n sandstones and shales are not very fossiliferous but con-
taim occasional worn rudistids, a few lamellibranchs and some

*The foraminifera have been identified by Mrs. Dorothy K. Palmer.

14 BULLETIN 70C 178

poorly preserved foraminifera. The rudistids would ordinarily
indicate that these beds are Cretaceous but the foraminifera, ac-
cording to Mrs. Dorothy K. Palmer may be of Eocene age. If
the rudistids are reworked as they appear to be, the paleontologi-
cal evidence insofar as can be determined, indicates that these
beds are of Eocene age. Lithologically the brown sandstones
and shales closely resemble those exposed at Capdevila on the
highway between Habana and Santiago de Las Vegas in the
Province of Habana, and at El Cano, about 18 kilometers south
of the city of Habana. Lewis®* refers them to the El Cano for-
mation (presumably named from the town of El Cano at which
these sandstones and shales are exposed) and calls them Uppei
Cretaceous in age. According to Mrs. Palmer however, the
meagre foraminiferal content of these rocks is similar to that of
the sandstones and shales on the Paso Real-San Diego road, and
her tentaive conclusion is that the El Cano beds are also Eocene
rather than Cretaceous in age.

The echinoids described from Locality No. 4 come from the
very base of the marl-conglomerate series, just above the uncon-
formable contact with the Middle (7) Eocene brown sandstones.
Stratigraphically then, the echinoid horizon is post-Middle (?)
Eocene and pre-Lower Miocene. In the 2150 feet of section
between the unconformable contact and the Central Highway
at Paso Real there possibly may be represented Oligocene strata
between the echinoid horizon and the Lower Miocene, but as yet
this has not been proved.

The echinoids from the base of the marl-conglomerate series
are:

Pauropygus clarki Lambert
Tarphypygus notabilis Arnold and Clark
**Paraster nuevitasensis Weisbord, n. sp.

***Paraster camagtieyensis Weisbord, n. sp.

Pauropygus clarki Lambert may be compared with Haimea
caillaudi Michelin from the Upper Eocene of Jamaica. The
geologic horizon of Tarphypygus notabils Arnold and Clark, al-
**Also occurs between Neuvitas and Pastelillo, Province of Camagtey.

*** Also occurs at Loma Calisto and between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Pro-
vince of Camagiiey.

8Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 16, No. 6, p. 589, 1932,

179 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 15

so from Jamaica, is not recorded, but the writer’s surmise is
that it comes from the Eocene. On the basis of stratigraphy and
the occurrence here of two of the same species which are found
in the Upper Eocene of Nuevitas, it is thought that the echinoids
from Lecality No. 4 are also of Upper Eocene age.

If the determination of the Middle Eocene age for the brown
sandstones, and Upper Eocene age for the echinoid-bearing marl-
conglomerates is correct, the marked angular unconformity be-
tv.een the two formations indicates a great period of movement
after the deposition of the Middle Eocene. Mr. William H.
Putt? has found inliers of Eocene in the heart of the Organos
Mountains in western Pinar del Rio Province surrounded by
Jurassic and/or Cretaceous sediments, and has deduced from
this that the Organos Mountains were uplifted in post-Eocene
time. The marked unconformity on the SanDiego road may
further substantiate this conclusion and more precisely fix the
age of ore period of uplift of the Organos Mountains to the in-
terval Fetween the middle and upper Eocene.

Locahty No. 5.—From cut in the Central Highway of Cuba,
150 meters east of kilometer post 440, between the towns of
Jat bonico and Ciego de Avila, Province of Camagtey.

Age.—Oligocene.

The following three echinoids come from this locality.

Echinolampas cf. semiorbis Guppy
Echinolampas camagtieyensis Weisbord, n. sp.
Agassizia camagueyensis Weisbord, n. sp.

Echinolampas semiorbis Guppy is found in the Oligocene of
Anguilla. The Cuban species is somewhat distorted and broken,
but what there is of it seems identical with the Anguillan form.
Echinolampas camagueyens's Weisbord, n. sp. recalls two other
Oligocene species, Echinolampas lycopersicus Guppy and Echino-
lampas anguillae Cotteau, both of which are also found in Anguil-
la. No close analogue has been found for Agassizia camagiey-
ana Weisbord, n. sp.

+Personal communication. aay

16 BULLETIN 70C 180

The writer ventures the opinion that the echinoids from this
locality are Oligocene in age because of the occurrence of
Echinolampas senuorbis from the Oligocene of Anguilla, be-
cause of the resemblance of Echinolampas camagiieyensis to
Oligocene species from Anguilla and because, to quote Haw-
kins*®, “most species of similar [i.e., large] size are of Oligocene
date.”

SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS

Upper Cretaceous Species
Goniopygus supremus Hawkins Pl. 1. figs. 1-3

Goniopygus supremus Hawkins, Geol. Mag., vol. 61, No. 721, pp. 313-
316, pl. 18, figs. 1, 2, 1924.

Goniopygus supremus Arnold and Clark, Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50,
No. 1, p. 12, 1927.

Goniopygus supremus Lambert, Bull. Soe. Geol. France, vol. 1, Sér. 5,
p- 301, 1931.

Apical system large and robust. Ocular plates al! exsert, pen-
tagonal. Gential plates large, hexagonal, the aboral ends project-
ing somewhat further than the aboral terminations of the oculars.
\Five genital pores, one on each genital plate, occur at the outer
extremities. On genitals 1, 5 and 3 there is a slight excavation
around the triangular periproct.

Ambulacra narrow, gradually increasing in size from the apical
disc adorally, with a single row of pore-pairs in each poriferous
avenue, except at the peristomial margin where there are three
pore-pairs. Plates compound, with three pore-pairs to a plate.
There is a row of about 13 tubercles on each side of an ambula-
crum which increases in size toward the ventral side of the am-
bitus where they are largest, decreasing therefrom rapidly in
size toward the peristomial area. The tubercles are small, with
smooth bosses and imperfocate namelons. Along the medial
suture of each ambulacrum a smaller, secondary tubercle is stag-
gered with each primary tubercle.

The interambulacra are about two and a half times as wide as
the ambulacra, with about seven tubercles on each side, the
tubercles at the ambitus being much larger than the others, and
even still larger than the tubercles of the ambulacra. The inter-

10Geol. Mag., vol. 61, No. 721, p. 319, 1924.

181 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 7

ambulacral tubercles are imperforate, also with smooth bosses,
surrounded by faint, granular areolas. Between each primary
tubercle there is apt to be a secondary in the adambulacral area,
and two secondary tubercles near the medial line, with faint mil-
lary granules along the medial suture of the interambulacrum
and along the outer edge contiguous to the poriferous avenue of
the ambulacra.

Dimensions.—Diameter, 26.5 mm.; height, 15 mm.

Remarks.—The Cuban species is identical with the one de-
scriked from Jamaica. It is readily distinguished by its robust,
decagonal apical system, its triangular periproct with excava-
tions in genitals 1, 5 and 3, its nearly parallel-sided ambulacra
and by the large tubercles on the interambulacra at the ambitus.

Comparisons.—The most closely related forms described in the
literature seem to be those from the Cenomanian of Europe.
This species is very near Goniopygus menardi Agassiz* found
abundantly in the Cenomanian and rarely in the Senonian of
France, Belgium and Prussia. Aside from a slight variance in
the second and miliary tuberculation, the two species seem iden-
tical. Goniopygus menarci is usually smaller than the Cuban
species, but a variety called globosa is about the same size. From
Goniopygus major Agassiz’*, also from the Cenomanian, this
species is distinguished by having three excavations in the geni-
tals at the periproct instead of four, and having fewer tubercles
on the ambulacra. Goniopygus sanchezi Lambert??a from the
Cretaceous of Ciego de Avila, Camagtiey Province, Cuba, may
be o young form of the Jamaican species supremus, and Goniopy-
gas ameri Lambert*?» from the same locality may be a very large
form of supremus.

Reported Geologic Horizon.—Upper Cretaceous (Turonian?)
of Jamaica.

11See Paléontologie Francaise, Terrains Crétacés, vol. 7, p. 734, pl. 1179,
figs. 7-14, and pl. 1180, 1862-1867.

12See Paléontologie Francaise, Terrains Crétacés, vol. 7, p. 740, pl. 1181
and pl. 1182, figs. 1-4, 1862-1867.

12a Bull. Soc. Geol. France, vol. 1, Sé. 5, p. 300, pl. 17, figs. 17, 18, 1931.

12) Ibid, p. 301, pl. 17, fig. 16, 11931.

18 BULLETIN 70C 182

Localities—From the Rudistid Limestone, Great River Valley,
near Catadupa, St. James Parish, Jamaica (Hawkins); near
the west ranch of the Rio Nuevo, not far from Pembroke Hall,
St. Mary Parish, Jamaica (Arnold and Clark).

Cuban Local ty—Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality No.

Tr):
Codiopsis ciae Lambert Pl. 1, figs. 4-6

Codiopsis Arnaudi Cotteau [from Cuba, not Cotteau from France], Bol.
Com. Mapa Geol. de Espafia. vol. 22, p. 14, pl. 1, figs. 10-15, 1897.
Codiopsis ciae Lambert, Rev. Critique de Paléozoologie, vol. 2, p. 30, 1898.
Codiopsis arnaudi Jackson, Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 24,

1922.
Codiopsis ciae Roig, Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 42, 1926.

Translation of Cotteau’s original description of Codiopsis
Arnaudi from France (Paléontologie Francaise, Terrains Cré-
taces, vol. 7, p. 786, pl. 1192, figs. 12-18, 1862-67).

Species of very small size, subcirecular, inflated and hemi-
spherical above, sharp and ecarinate below the ambitus, flat
and slightly puckered on the lower face. Poriferous zones
straight, composed of simple, regularly superposed, very
small pores, deviating a little from the straight line at the
approach to the peristome. Ambulacral areas narrow, slight-
ly raised, decorated on the upper face with numerous, granu-
liferous, scattered, unequal impressions, and on the lower
face with two rows of small, memmillated tubercles, in the
number of two or three per series. Interambulacral areas
relatively rather large, provided like the ambulacra, on the
upper face, with numerous, granuliform, unequal impressions,
grouping themselves at certain points into very closely spaced,
longitudinal lines, and at the base, with some small tubercles
identical with those that oceur on the ambulacra, and form-
ing over the ambitus, at the marginal carina, a more or less
prominent, horizontal row. Peristome widely open, some-
what puckered, subcircular, flattened at the margins. Peri-
proct subpentagonal. Apical disc rugose, granular, project-
ing somewhat above the test; genital plates angulate, elon-
gate, perforate near their extremities; ocular plates much
smaller, pentagonal. inserted between the genital plates.

Height, 4 mm.; diameter, 6 mm.

Localities.—Martigues (Bouches-du-Rhone); Gourde de
l’Arche (Dordogne). Very rare. Lower (?) Senonian hori-
zon.

Translation of Cotteau’s description of Codiopsis Arnaudi
from Cuba, with remarks by Egozcue.

Species of very small size, pentagonal, with the angles
arched; upper face subhemispheric, somewhat depressed;
lower face flat, slightly concave. Both faces form at their
junction a pronounced angle which forms a sharp _ keel.
Periproct subpentagonal, of average diameter. Peristome
very large, subcireular, which encompasses the greater part

183 ; CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 19

of the lower face. Apical dise well displayed, composed of
five genital plates, each one of which is provided with its
corresponding circular and rather large genital pore, and of
five other inter-genital plates, in which the ocular pores are
not visible in the Cuban example. Ambulacra straight, their
width scarcely one third that of the interambulaera. They
are bounded by narrow poriferous zones composed of simple
pairs of cireular pores, which in the vicinity of the apex are
somewhat smaller, are deviated a little from the rectilinear
direction they previously carried. The interporiferous zones
are composed of rather wide plates, and are adorned on the
upper face with faint and slightly visible wrinkles or granu-
lations, and on the lower face with two rows of tubercles in
number from three to four per series; further, if one ob-
serves carefully, it is seen that these two rows are prolonged
to the apical rosetta by means of some small and faint tuber-
eles, situated near the poriferous zones. The upper face of
the ambulacra and the lower, is limited by a festoon of six
or seven tubercles also identical with those of the ambulacra,
which design in their entirety a pentagon of concave sides.

Dimensions: Diameter, 14 mm.; height, 8 mm.

Relations and Differences: According to Mr. Cotteau, this
species is distinguished from its congeners not only by its
very small size, but by its hemispheric form above and flat-
ness below, by its ambitus forming a keel, its test granulose,
peristome flattened at the margins and somewhat projecting,
rugose and granulose disc.

Localities —The example from Cuba comes from the Cre-
taceous deposits of Santa Lucia, Province of Santa Clara.

Explanation of Figures.—Plate 1, fig. 10. Upper face of
the example of Codiopsis Arnaudi Cotteau, from the Creta-
ceous of the Island of Cuba. Fig. 11. Lower face of the same
example. Fig. 12. Lateral view. Fig. 13. Ambulacral area
enlarged. Fig. 14. Interambulacral area enlarged. Fig. 10.
Apical dise enlarged.

In reviewing the work of Cotteau and Egozcue, Lambert rec-
ognized that the Cuban Codiopsis arnawai is quite different from
the type species described in France, noting that “C odiopsis Ar-
naudi Cotteau, from the same horizon [1. e. Cretaceous of Santa
Lucia] is certainly very different from the type by its size, by
the expansion of its peristome, the disposition of its tubercles
and the arrangement of the larger ones; it is not only larger than
C. regalis but evidently a new species”. For the Cuban form he
gave the new name of Cociopsis ciae.

Although the Cuban species 1S confessedly very similar to the
one from France, the writer believes that Lambert was quite
correct in giving it a new namie. The most obvious point: of dif-
ference, other than size, is the character of the ambulacral plates
on the two species. The plates of Codiopsis arnaud: from France
as shown in figure 15, plate 1192, Paléontologie Francaise, Ter-

20 BULLETIN 70C i 184

rains Crétacés, 1862-67, are simple primaries, whereas in the
Cuban species as shown in figure 13, plate 1, Boletin de la Com-
ision del Mapa Geologico de Espana, vol. 22, 1897, a primary
plate is flanked above and below by a demi-plate, the demi-plate
being small and terminating perradially at the suture between
the primary plates.

The specimen in our collection, although worn and somewhat
larger than the dimensions given by Cotteau, seems to be refer-
able to Codiopsis ciae Lambert. The striking feature of the
species is the row of tubercles on the sharp margin of the am-
bitus, which at the ambulacra form a rosette. On the ambulacra
of the lower surface of our specimen, near the margins, are two
columns of tubercles, decreasing in size toward the peristome.
The dorsal surface is impressed with wavy, longitudinal ridges,
which are barely discernible, giving the test a shagreen texture.

Dimensions.—Diameter, 20 mm.; height, 11 mm.

Comparisons.—This species is superficially so close to Coc1op-
sis arnaudi Cotteau, that Cotteau himself mistook its identity
with the French form. It differs, as stated above, in the com-
pound character of its ambulacral plates. Codiopsis texana
Whitney™, from the Buda Limestone (Cenomanian) of Texas,
U.S. A., resembles the Cuban species in shape, but differs in be-
ing somewhat convex ventrally, lacks the sharp marginal keel
with its row of tubercles, has somewhat wider ambulacra on
which the tuberculation is more complex, and has a smaller
peristome.

Reported Geologic Horizon.—Upper Cretaceous.

Locality. Santa Lucia, Santa Clara Province (Cotteau).

Present Locality—Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality
IN@: 2).

Lanieria lanieri (d’Orbigny) Pl. 1, figs. 11-20

Galerites Lanieri d’Orbigny, de la Sagra, Historia fisiea, politica y nat-
ural de Cuba, vol. 8, pl. 8, figs. 11-14, 1855.

Echinoconus Lanieri Cotteau, Mém. Soe. géol. Belgique, vol. 9, p. 11,
jo, Ne inkegs, 7/Ells} ilfseil.

Echinoconus Laniert (?) Agassiz, Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 10, No.
il, j, SS, ies.

Lanieria Laniert Dunean, Journ. Linn. Soe., vol. 23, p. 168, 1891.

Echioconus Laniert Cotteau, Bol. Com. Mapa Geol. de Espafia, vol. 22,

13Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 5, No. 26, p. 7 (91), pl. 3, figs. 1-4, 1916.

185 ~ CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 21

p. 19, pl. 2, figs. 7-13, 1897.

Lanieria Lanieri Hawkins, Geol. Mag., new ser., decade 5, vol. 10, p. 200,
text-figure A, 1913.

Lanieria laniert Jackson, Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 28, pl.
2, figs. 2-5, 1922.

Lanieria Lanieri Roig, Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 45, 1926.

Lanieria Lanieri Lambert, Compt. Rend. Somm. et Bull. Geol. Soc. Franee,
sér. 4, vol. 28, p. 20, 1928.

Although d’Orbigny did not describe this species, he gave it
its name and illustrated in it in de la Sagra’s “Historia fisica, po-
litica y natural de Cuba”, in the atlas pertaining to volume 8 of
1855 (?) in plate 8, figures 11 to 14. The species was later de-
scribed and refigured by Cotteau in 1881.

A translation of Cotteau’s original description is as follows:

Species of small size, tall, circular, globose; upper face
rounded, somewhat subconical; lower surface pulvinate, flat
around the peristome. Apical dise central. Poriferous zones
composed of very small, closely spaced pores, separated by a
light, granuliform swelling, very directly superposed on the
whole of the upper face. showing at the ambitus and near
the peristome a more or less pronounced tendency to group
themselves in triple pairs. Tubereles small, crenulate, per-
forate, scrobiculate, increasing somewhat in size on the lower
face, disposed rather irregularly in horizontal and vertical
series, the number of which vary according to the size of the
individual. On each of the ambulacral or interambulaeral
areas, two rows, a little stronger than the others which are
very faint, reach nearly to the apex. The intermediate space
between the tubercles is occupied by fine and closely spaced
granules grouped around the scrobicules. Peristome small, cir-
lar, scarcely grooved. Periproct elliptical, rather large, acumi-
nate at its outer part, situated on the lower face very near
the peristome. Apical dise prominent, pentagonial; five geni-
tal plates, widely perforate, the madreporiie extending to the
center of the disc; ocular plates small, subtriangular, intercal-
lated in the angle of the genital plates, very finely perforate.

Height, 19 mm.; diameter, 21 mm. Young individual:
height, 13 mm.; diameter, 16 mm. Subconieal individual and
flat on the lower face: height, 11 mm.; diameter, 19 mm.

This pretty species presents some variations that I must
mention. The form is in general subglobular, rounded above
and strongly pulvinate below. In one of our examples, the
upper face, less elevated, is somewhat conical, and the lower
face quite flat. In this individual, the ambulacral pores in-
stead of assuming a trigeminate arrangement in the inframar-
ginal region, are simple and directly superposed from the apex
to the peristome. The other characters are the same and de-
spite this important difference, we do not consider this speci-
men as a variety of eliinoconus Laicri. ‘the tuberveles at
the base vary a little in their arrangement; the largest fre-
quently assume a very ir.egular vertical arrangement. Some-
times, however, the tubercles in the ambulacral areas as in
the interambulacral areas, form very distinct longitudinal

22 BULLETIN 70C 186

columns.

Similarities and Differences: This small species which we
describe, is clearly distinguished, among Hchinoconus, from
all of its congeners by reason of its globose form; its small
size and its rounded upper face resembles somewhat Hchino-
conus desorianus d’Orbigny; it is distinguished from it by its
more regularly globose form, by its greater developed peri-
stome, by the wholly different position of its periproct and
the structure of the apical system which is provided with five
perforated genital plates, a character which has never been
deseribed in Hchinoconus.

Locality._-Cienfuegos (island of Cuba), rather common.
Cretaceous (?) horizen.

Collections: Dewalque, ‘‘Moens (Lede’’, Vidal (Baree-
lona), my collection.

Explanation of Figures: Pl. 1, fig. 7, Echinoconus Lanieri,
from my collection, side view; fig. 8, upper face; fig. 9, lower
face; fig. 10, apical dise enlarged; fig. 11, another example
of small size, from the collection of Mr. Dewalque; fig. 12,
portion of the ambulacral area situated on the lower face,
enlarged; fig. 13, interambulacral plates enlarged.

There are some 60 specimens of this interesting species in our
Cuban collection, showing at least four differently shaped groups.
Extremes of these groups, if seen alone, would perhaps be re-
garded as distinct varieties, yet there are enough specimens to
show that there is a definite intergrading and that differences
are individual rather than subspecific. One type is slightly
higher than broad, roundly ovate in outline, with the ambitus
subcircular and situated about midway between the peristome
and apical disc. The specimens of this description are rather
small, with a height of about 17.5 mm. and a diameter of 16.5
mm. The ovate type just described grades into a nearly spherical —
type, 20 mm. in height and 20.5 mm. in diameter. This is shaped
like the holotype of the species, described by Hawkins as being
“almost globular with no appreciable flattening of the adoral sur-
face’. The third type is broader than high, with a circular am-
bitus and distinctly flattened at the base, measuring 22 mm. in
diameter and 16 mm. in height. The fourth type is obtusely pen-
tagonal, usually broader than high, but not infrequently some-
what pear-shaped.

The apical system is central, slightly raised above the test
proper, with five small pentagonal ocular plates extending to the
central madreporite, and five larger pentagonal genital plates,

each with a rather large genital pore in the center of the plate.

DO
Co.

187 CUBAN EcHINOoIDS: WEISBORD

Occasionally some of the oculars also show a minute pore. The
peristome is rather large, central, circular in outline, with ser-
rations at the margin. ‘he periproct is elongate-pentagonal, with
the truncated end toward the peristome. It is situated below the
ambitus close to the peristome, inclined from the horizontal at
au augie depending on the globosity of the test.

the ambulacra are straight, rather narrow, widest at the am-
Litus, apetalous. ‘he poriferous avenue is very narrow, consist-
ing on each side of a single row of pore-pairs inclined slightly
adorally, descending in a fairly straight line to the ambitus where,
parwicularly on the ventral side, they frequently, but not always,
become staggered and grouped into double, or more rarely, triple
pairs. ‘Lhey again become universal toward the peristomial
iuargin. ‘lhe succession of plates on the ambulacra is as follows :
a very small demi-plate extending a short distance perradially,
followed adorally by a wide primary plate, this succeeded by a
narrow primary. ‘his tripartite arrangements extends over
the greater part of the test. There is usually one triad and an
adjacent demi-plate of the succeeding triad to one interambul-
acral plate. The medial suture is zigzag near the apex, but then
becomes nearly straight.

The interambulacra are nearly three times as wide as the am-
bulacra, composed of about 30 plates per column, separated by a
zigzag line, which may or may not become straight below the
apex, though generally the zigzag element is more noticeable
near the apex.

There are about 9 subequal, scrobiculate tubercles on the
plates of the interambulacra at the ambitus so arranged that there
are two oblique rows adradially followed by three tubercles near-
er the adoral margin of the plate, with two staggered tubercles
near the medial suture. On the ambulacra at the widest part,
are three columns of subequal tubercles about the same size as
those on the interambulacra, the adradial ones slightly larger than
the perradial ones. The tuberculation on all the specimens is
more pronounced actinally than abactinally. The surface be-
tween the tubercles is finely granulate.

Some specimens are tinged with purple and this may conceiv-
ably have been the color of the living form.

24 BULLETIN 70C 188

Dimensions.—Ovate type, height, 17.5 mm. ; diameter, 16.5 mm.
Spherical type, height, 20 mm.; diameter, 20.5

mm.

Depressed type, height, 16 mm.; diameter, 22
mm.

Pentagonal type, height, 16.5 mm.; diameter, 18
mm.

Remarks.—Vhis species is distinguished by the character of
the ambulacral plates, composed of triads consisting of a demi-
plate followed adorally by a wide, rectangular primary, and this
in turn by a narrow, rectangular primary. The wide primary on
one side of the medial suture abuts against the narrow primary
of the other side, so that there is given to the test a characteris-
tic alternation of plates. Rarely the plates have a tendency to
be subequal in width, approaching Coenholectypus cubae Haw-
kins which will be discussed subsequently.

The genus Lanieria was separated from Echinoconus by Dun-
can because of its five genital pores, Echinoconus having only
four.

Comparisons—Lanieria lanieri may be distinguished from
Echinoconus antillensis Cotteau' in its circular peristome and in
the character of the ambulacral plates. The peristome of antill-
ensis is elliptical and according to Cotteau’s figure 2, the primary
plates of the ambulacra, particularly at the peristome, are tri-
angular instead of rectangular as in lamert.

With this species there occurs rather abundantly a form which
superficially may be readily mistaken for Lamnieria lanieri.. It ex-
hibits the same variation in form, but differs in the character of
the ambulacral plates. In Lanieria lanieri, the ambulacral plates
are in a triad composed of a very small demi-plate, followed ador-
ally by a rectangular primary, and this in turn by a narrow, rec-
tangular primary. In the related form, however, the plates
over the greater portion of the test are subequal, very numerous,
rectangular primaries and the pore-pairs are usually in a simple
series, not tending to become bigeminate on the central side of the
ambitus. To this form Hawkins” has given the name Coenholec-
typus cubae.

14Annales Soc. géol. de Belgique, vol. 9, p. 13, pl. 2, figs. 1, 2, 1881.
15Geol. Mag., new ser., decade 5, vol. 10, p. 202, 1913.

189 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 25

The pentagonal variety of Lanieria lamieri superficially re-
sembles Metholectypus trechmanni Hawkins'® from the Creta-
ceous Barretia Limestone, Haughton Hall, Green Island, Jamaica,
but is at once differentiated by its five genital pores as compared
to he four genital pores on the Jamaican species.

Localities —Cienfuegos, Santa Clara Province, Cuba (Cot-
teau); Ciego de A/’vila, Camagtiey Province, Cuba (Roig).
Agassiz lists this species from the Miocene of Guadeloupe, but
Jackson believes this to be erroneous.

Reported Geologic Horizon.—Cretaceous.

Present Locality—Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality
INO, i)

Coenholectypus cubae Hawkins Wl, al, ayers, (eI)

Echinoconus Lanieri var. Cotteau, Soe. géol. Belgique Mem., vol. 9, p.
11, 1881.

Echinoconus Lanieri Cotteau, Bol. Comision de Mapa Geol. de Espana,
vol. 22, p. 20) 1897.

Coenholectypus cubae Hawkins, Geol. Mag., new ser., decade 5, vol. 10,
p- 202, text-figure 4 B, 1913.

Hawkensia cubae Lambert, Compt. Rend, Somm. et Bull. Soc. géol. de
France, sér. 4, vol. 28, p. 19, 1928.

Hawkensia cubae, Lambers, Bull. Soc. Geol. France, vol. 1, sér. 5, p. 302,
1931.

This species occurs in moderate abundance together with
Lameria lameri (d’Orbigny), which it closely resembles super-
ficially and to which it must be intimately related. It varies in
shape much the same as does Lanieria laniert, has the same type
of apical disc with the exsert oculars, the pentagonal genitals
with five genital pores, the central madreporite, the central, cir-
cular peristome and ovately-pentagonal periproct close to the
peristome, the same type of interambularcral plates and a simi-
lar manner of tuberculation. The main point of difference is in
the character of the ambulacral plates. As stated previously, a
very short demi-plate is followed adorally by a rectangular,
wide primary plate, and this in turn by a narrower primary in
Lanieria laniert. In this species, however, the ambulacral plates
are usually rectangular, of equal width, narrow (4 to an inter-

ambulacral plate), separated by a zigzag medial suture. Near

16Geol. Mag., new ser., decade 6, vol. 60, No. 5, p. 201, pl. 9, figs. 1-3, 1923.

26 BuLLetiIn 70C 190

the peristome there is a tendency for the plates to develop in
much the same way as in Hawkins’ text-figure 4 B, with a demi-
plate occurring between two primaries. There does not seem
to be the same regularity of this arrangement in our specimens,
but the manner of division seems to be similar.

Another minor difference between the two species is in the
arrangement of the pore-pairs. In Lanieria lanieri the pore-pairs
have a tendency to be bigeminate or trigeminate at the ventral
side of the ambitus, though this is by no means always true. In
Coenhelectypus cubae the pore-pairs are usually simple and
directly superposed.

Despite the difference in the character of the ambulacral
plates, the two species are more specifically and generically alike
than in difference of plates would indicate, for occasional speci-
mens of Lanieria lanieri have a notable tendency to develop
equal-sized plates as in Coenholectypus cubae, while on the other
hand, occasional specimens of Coenholectypus cubae tend to
alternate the size of the primary plates as in Lamieria lamer.
Moreover, lamieri frequently shows the pore-pairs continuing as
a simple series thoroughout, whereas the pore-pairs of cubae have
an occasional tendency to become bigeminate. This indicates
to the writer that were a sufficient number of specimens available,
a series might show a complete gradation between Lamieria lan-
vert and Coenholectypus cubae.

Dimensions.—Subjentagonal variety, height, 14 mm. ; diameter

15 mm.

Subglobular variety, height, 17 mm.; diameter,
20.5 mm.

Depressed variety, height, 11 mm.; diameter,
18 mm.

Of the generic designation of this species, Lambert says as
follows:

‘Tt is known that the Lanieria figured by these authors
[Cotteau and Egozeue] pertain, according to Mr. Hawkins to
two different genera. Only the typical form, that of figures
7 to 10 of Cotteau, represents the true Lanieria lanieri
d’Orbigny (Galerites) ; its ambulacra are composed of plates
that resemble the form of Conulus. In regard to the form of
Cotteau’s figure 11, also with five genital pores at the apex,
but smaller, more globose, with the periproct still closer to the

191 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD PA

peristome, and ambulacra composed above of simple pri-
maries, below of primaries alternating with demi-plates, with-
out the little external plate fitting in, Hawkins specifically
separates under the name of cubae, and places it in the so-
called Coenholectypus of Pomel.. This generic designation
does not seem acceptable to me, because for me the Cretaceoys
Holectypus, whose fifth gonad, atrophied in the Jurassic
forms by the position of the mesentery, has ceased to reap-
pear, continues to be Holectypus and ought not constitute a
separate genus. It is known also that the type of the so-
called genus of Pomel is Discoides macropygus Agassiz, from
the Neocomian. Now the species cubae differs from that gen-
erically by its general form, its smaller peristome, the position
of its periproct and likewise by the disposition of its odd am-
bulacrum. If one wishes to maintain Lanieria as a separate
genus, it would be proper to make this type a particular
genus: Hawkensia.’’

Localities —Cienfuegos, Santa Clara Province, Cuba( Cot-
teau) ; Ciego de A’vila, Camaguey Province, Cuba (Lambert).

Reported Geologic Horizon.—Cretaceous.

Present Locality—KFEsperanza, Habana Province, (Locality
IN@s i).

Echinobrissus cubensis Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 2, figs. 1-3

Test small to moderate in size, rather depressed, subquadrate
in marginal outline, broader posteriorly than anteriorly. Atbac-
tinal surface convex medially, obliquely truncate behind. Ac-
tinal surface longitudinally concave. Margins moderately swol-
len, except at the posterior face where they are somewhat com-
pressed.

Apical system somewhat excentric anteriorly. Disc small,
with four perforated genital plates, the pores of 2 and 3 slightly
closer together than those of 1 and 4. Madreporite extending
from the right anterior genital into the center of the disc.

Ambulacra unequal, petaloid, flush, the petals not reaching
the margin. Petals of the trivium subequal, slightly shorter than
those of the bivium which are in addition closer together than the
anterior. Ambulacral areas widen midway between the disc and
the margins, become constricted somewhat at the ends of the
petaloid portions, the posterior pair diverging on either side of
the periproctal groove, converging again below the ambitus. In-
terporiferous zone slightly wider than the poriferous area. Pori-
ferous area with conjugate, subequal, nearly horizontal pore-
pairs. Interambulacral plates wider abactinally, narrower and

28 BULLETIN 70C 192

more numerous actinally, those on the abactinal surface with
curved sutures, convex adorally.

Peristome small, pentagonal, excentric in front, impressed
within the longitudinal sulcus, with incipient bourrelets and rudi-
mentary phyllodes. Periproct situated in a deep, narrow groove
on the very oblique truncation of the posterior face.

Ornamentation consisting of small, closely spaced, scrobiculate
tubercles, very numerous on the abactinal surface, a trifle larger
and less abundant around the peristome.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 25 mm.; width, 21 mm.;
height, 14 mm.

Comparisons.—In France, Echinobrissus is well developed in
the Neocomian, Cenomanian and Senonian. The Cuban species
appears to be more closely akin to the Cenomanian and Senonian
forms than to the Neocomian. It resembles Echinobrissus similis
d’Orbigny*” from Etage 20 of the Cenomanian, but differs pri-
marily in size, (similis being 11 mm. in length), and in its nar-
rower, more deeply excavated posterior groove in which the peri-
proct is situated. The Cuban species is even more closely a!lied to
Echinobrissus minimus d’Orbigny’® from Etage 22 of the Senon-
ian, differing again in its more elongated, deeply excavated peri-
proctal groove. In the United States, this species distantly re-
calls Echinobrissus texanus Clark’® from the Austin Chalk, Up-
per Cretaceous of Texas, but differs in its greater and more
minute tuberculation and in the narrower and stronger posterior
excavation in which lies the periproct.

Geologic Horigon.—Upper Cretaceous.

Locality Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality No. 1).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Cassidulus cubensis Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 2, figs. 9-11

This species is described from a broken specimen, the anterior
of which is missing and whose abactinal surface is obscured by
adhering rock. Nevertheless the parts that are visible seem to

17See Paléontologie Francaise, Terrains Crétacés, vol. 6, p. 405, pl. 958,
figs. 1-6, 1853-1860.

18Ibid. p. 414, pl. 962, figs. 1-6, 1853-1860.

19See U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 54, p. 70, pl. 28, figs. 2a-f, 1915.

193 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 29

be distinct from any other Cassidulus, and hence the writer is
taking the liberty of describing this species as new.

Test large, robust, elongate-pentagonal in outline, presumably
subtruncate in front, decidedly rostrate behind. Dorsal surface
moderately high, rather swollen at the margins, the face broadly
triangular when viewed from above due to a rather pronounced,
rounded carina in the posterior interradium which extends to
the top of the periproct. Base inferred to be somewhat convex
anteriorly ; at the peristome it is rather depressed, but the mar-
gins laterally are moderately tumid. Extending longitudinally
from the peristome to the posterior margin is a distinct elevation,
on either side of which, the face is slightly concave, more dis-
tinctly so near the margins. Posterior face obliquely truncate
dorsally.

Peristome apparently subcentral, equipped with strong, pro-
jecting, knobby bourrelets between which radiate short, widely
petaloid phyllodes, unclosed at their ends. At the peristomial.
end of each phyllode are two pores in the deeply sunken plates
between the bourrelets. Periproct in the posterior truncation,
occupying a long, sharply triangular opening.

Apical disc obscured, as well as most of the ambulacra, though
sufficient of the ambulacra is observable to state that they are
flush and petaloid, the petaloid portions extending part way to
the margins, the petals open distally. The ambulacra are widest
at the margin, where they are composed of simple, rectangular,
primary plates. The interporiferous zone is believed to be some-
what wider than the poriferous area (which is itself rather wide),
bearing oblique, conjugate pore-pairs, the outer pores of which
are more elongate than the inner.

Corona ornamented with numerous, small, imperforate, scro-
biculate tubercles, somewhat larger and less abundant on the ac-
tinal surface, very faintly developed on the ventral, posterior
carina.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, inferred, 58 mm.; width, 45
mim. ; height, 26 mm.
Remarks.—tThis species is distinguished by its sharply rostrate

30 BULLETIN 70C 194

posterior, pronounced carinations on both the dorsal and ventral
surfaces and the sharply triangular periproctal opening on the
oblique, posterior truncation.

Geologic Horigon.—Upper Cretaceous.

Locality Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality No. 1).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Catopygus jeanneti Lambers Plate 2, figs. 4-8

Catopygus jeanneti Lambert, Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol. 1, ser. 5, p.
303) pl. 17, figs. 19223) 193i.

Translation from Lambert’s original comments:

Catopygus Jeanneti Lambers. ‘Test very swollen, globular,
with a convex oral face, rounded anteriorly, presenting above
a very feeble posterior carimation which is terminated above
the periproct, and measuring 16 mm. in length, 13 in width
and 12.5 mm. in height. Peristome excentric anteriorly, pen-
tagonal, surrounded by an elevated margin deflected toward
the ambulacra, with very distinct phyllodes. Apex excentric
anteriorly with four genital pores, but concerning which it
cannot be decided if it is really tetrabasal. Five homogeneous
petals, with very narrow poriferous zones; pores rounded,
conjugate. Periproct posterior, marginal, at the extremity
of the posterior swelling which takes the place of the carina,
oval, elongate, in a slight projecture, Tubercles homogeneous,
distributed upon all the areas in a very fine granulation;
no sternal zone.

If the form of our species recalls that of C. cylindricus,
the position of its periproct in a slight projecture separates
it from all its congeners. This periproct recalls that of
-Echinanthus enormis Dunean and Sladen which by the way is
a remarkable, small Hchinanthus. The apex of Catopygus
Jeanneti makes it necessary to compare it with Neocatopygus
which it resembles by its petals and the slight projecture of
the periproct, but the latter is oval, elongated and not round-
ed. Catopygus Rodriguezi Lambert and Sanchez Roig, from
this same horizon of Ciego de A/vila, differs from our C.
Jeanneti by its subconical form, its much less convex oral
face, its more anteriorly excentric peristome, its wider petals
with unequal pores and more developed poriferous zones.
The small C. californicus Kew does not even seem to be com-
parable.

This species occurs in abundance with Lanieria lanieri (d’-
Orbigny). It assumes two slightly different shapes, one variety
being cylindroid, longer than broad, subpentagonal, with a ten-
dency to ‘be rostrate behind and subtruncate in front, slightly
broader posteriorly than anteriorly. The test of this variety
is swollen, with tumid margins. Both the abactinal and actinal
surfaces are somewhat convex, the actinal surface less so than
the abactinal. The posterior face is somewhat keeled.

195 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 31

The second variety is not so high as the first, only slightly
longer than broad and giving the appearance of being somewhat
less swollen. It 1s also subpentagonal in outline, with the broad-
est part posterior to the apical disc. Margins swollen, dorsal
face moderately convex, ventral surface slightly convex. Aside
from the slight difference in shape, the two varieties are identi-
cal in all other essential characters and hence both are consid-
ered as the same species.

Peristome small, transversely pentagonal, well excentric in
front, the margins thickened to form bourrelets where the inter-
ambulacra join it. Occasional partially unweathered specimens
show the phyllodes to be rather well developed. Periproct longi-
tudinally ovate, situated on the posterior face well down below
the abactinal surface sloping inward at an angle of about 35 de-
grees with the vertical above the periproct terminates in a pro-
jecting arch which forms part of a low carina bisecting the pos-
terior interambulacrum.

Apical disc excentric anteriorly. Basal plates with four pores,
those of genitals 2 and 3 closer together than 1 and 4. Madre-
porite in the right anterior genital, extending obliquely over the
disc, separating the posterior genital plates. Radial plates small.

Ambulacra flush, petaloid, subequal, the petals of the bivium
slightly longer than those of the trivium. The petals do not
quite reach the margin, but are contracted distally where they
are nearly closed. Interporiferous zone about twice the width
of the poriferous avenue. Pore-pairs not quite horizontal. Pores
subequal to unequal, the outer pores of a pair comma-shaped, the
inner more rounded; on some young specimens the pores seem
to be subequal.

Ornamentation consisting of closely spaced, numerous, scor-
biculate tubercles, about equally distributed on the corona ex-
cept perhaps in a narrow zone extending posteriorly from the
peristome where the tubercles seem to be fainter and somewhat
less abundant than elsewhere.

Dimensions.—Cylindroid type, length, 21 mm.; width, 18 mm. ;

height, 16 mm.
Broad form, length, 26 mm.; width, 24 mm. ;

height, 17 mm.

32 BULLETIN 70C 196

Comparisons: This species superfically resembles Botriopygus
rucistarum Hawkins?° from the Rudist Limestone of Cretaceous
age from Great River Valley, below Catadupa, Jamaica. In the
Jamaician species ambulacra II, III and IV are near together,
while I and V are more widely apart. In the Cuban species the
angles of divergence of the petals are nearly, though not quite,
equal. The Jamaican species has a sulcate area below the peri-
proct whereas the Cuban species has not. The peristome of
Botriopygus rudistarum is elliptical and very oblique, whereas
that of Catopygus Jeanneti is pentagonal.

In the state. of New. Jersey, U. S. A., Catopygus oviformis
Conrad?! from the Vincetown Sand of the Upper Cretaceous is
quite similar to this species but differs in having a sulcus below
the periproct and in being Jess tumid anteriorly. The ambital
outline, however, is suggestive of that of the Cuban form. Roig
reports Catopygus rodriguezi Lambert and Roig? from the Sen-
onian at Central Stewart, Ciego de Avila, Province of Camaguey,
Cuba. His specimen is quite worn but there seems to be no close
relationship to this species. Catopygus rodriguezi is more conical,
seemingly more circular in outline, considerably larger, showing
no carination on the posterior interambulacrum, and with its
peristome less excentric anteriorly.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Cretaceous.

Localities —Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality No. 1);
Ciego de Avila, Camaguey Province (Lambert).

Clypeopygus habanensis Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 3, figs. 1-3

Test large, subquadrate, rounded in front, subtruncate behind,
slightly wider posteriorly than anteriorly. Abactinal surface
convex, the greatest height of the test at the apex. Actinal sur-
face flat near the margin, concave somewhat at the peristome.
Posterior face concave truncate at the periproct.

Peristome obscured. Periproct in the posterior truncation,
large, triangular, indented. Apical disc small, subcentral with
four perforated gentials, the pores of genitals 1 and 4 much wid-

20Geol. Mag., vol. 60, p. 213, pl. 9, figs. 7-9, 1923.
21See U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 54, p. 72, pl. 29, figs. 2a-f, 1915.
22Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 71, pl. 10, figs. 1-8, 1926.

197 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 33

er apart than those of 2 and 3. Madreporite extends from the
right anterior genital to the center of the disc which it nearly
encompasses.

Ambulacra petaloid, flush, somewhat unequal, ambulacrum III
and the posterior laterals of about the same size, the anterior
pair somewhat shorter. Petals pointed distally, extending only
part way to the margin, nearly but not quite closed at the ends.
Petals of the bivium diverge at a very small angle. Interpori-
ferous zones about one and a half times as wide as the poriferous
areas. Pore-pairs oblique, conjugate, the pores very unequal, the
outer elongate, the inner rounded. Posterior interradium with
a faint carina extending to the top of the periproct.

Tuberculation consisting. of small, numerous, imperforate,
scrobiculate tubercles, somewhat less abundant on the ventral sur-
face, arranged in obscure patterns on the dorsal surface.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 53 mm.; width, 48 mm.;
height, 23 mm.

Remarks.— It is difficult to state the genus of this form be-
cause of the inaccesibility of the area around the peristome. If
the floscelle is rudimentary or absent it would be referable to the
subfamily Echinobrissine; if the bourrelets and phyllodes are
subsequent'y found to be strongly developed, it should be assigned
to the family Cassidulide. Because of the close superficial re-
semblence to some of the species of Clypeopygus, the writer
questionably refers this form to that genus in the family Cassi-
dulidee.

Comparisons: Curiously enough this species recalls Echinobris-
sus freitast White?* from the middle-upper Cretaceous of the
Province of Sergipe, Brazil. It may readily be distinguished
from the Brazilian form by being somewhat higher, with a rather
marked slope both anterior and posterior to the apex as com-
pared with the depressed, nearly flat abactinal surface on freitasi,
in the more closely set petals of the bivium and larger size of the
periproct. The Brazilian species is the nearest related form that
the writer has seen.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Cretaceous.

Locality.—Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality No. 1).

23Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro Arch., vol. 7, p. 259, pl. 28, figs. 14-16, 1887.

34 BULLETIN 70C 198

Holotype.—Paleontogolical Research Institution.

Hemiaster cf. antillensis Cotteau ; Pe 25) He sen ole

Hemiaster antillensis Cotteau, Annales Soc. géol. Belgique, vol. 9, p. 31,
pl. 3, figs. 1-4, 1881,

Hemiaster antillensis Agassiz, Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 10, No. 1, p.
93, 1883.

Hemiaster antillensis Cotteau, Bol. Comision Mapa Geol. de Espana, vol.
22, p. 72, pl. 24, figs. 1-4, 1897. ,

Hemiaster antillensis Jackson, Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p.
73, 1922,

Hemiaster antillensis Roig, Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 124, 1926.

Translation of Cotteau’s original description:

Species of small size, narrow and indented in front, wide at
the middle, subacuminate and obliquely truncate behind,
subsinuous at the ambitus; upper face thick, swollen, subear-
inate in the posterior region, slightly sloping in front, having
the greatest height back of the apical dise; lower face regu-
larly swollen. Apical dise somewhat excentrie anteriorly. An-
terior sulcus straight, deep, swollen at the margins, starting
at the apical disc, strongly incising the ambitus, extending
to the peristome where it becomes weaker. Paired ambu-
lacra excavated, the anterior subflexuous, divergent, more de-
veloped than the posterior which form two small petals rela-
tively a little closer to the posterior carina. Poriferous zones
wide, open at the end, composed of narrow, nearly equal pores,
the anterior seeming a little more developed than the others;
the interporiferous zone is relatively rather large, but narrow-
er than the porifcrous zone. Interambulacra projecting and
pinched in the neighborhood of the apex. Peristome excen-
trie anteriorly, a little removed from the margin, subcireu-
lar. Periproct flush, elliptical in the direction of the antero-
posterior diameter, opening at the top of the posterior face.
Peripetalous fascicle sinuous; subanal fasciole not distinet.

Height, 20 mm.; length, 28 mm.; width, 27 mm.

Relations and Differences: This species in its general form
and its somewhat sinuous ambitus resembles H. Scillae
Wright from the Miocene terrain of the Island of Malta; it
differs from it by its less swollen upper face, more oblique
slope in front, more noticeably carinate in the posterior re-
gion, more sharply truncate behind, by its deeper anterior
sulcus, the ambitus more strongly excavated and marked at
its margins by a more apparent thickening.

Locality: Cienfuegos (Cuba). Rather rare. Hocene?

Collection: Dewalque,

Explanation of Figures: Pl. 3, fig. 1, H. antillensis, side
view; fig. 2, upper face; fig. 3, lower face; fig. 4, ambula-
crum enlarged.

Our collection contains one weathered and somewhat distorted

example that seems to be very close to Cotteau’s species. The
apical disc on our specimen is situated subcentrally, the anterior
petals somewhat more curved, and the peristome a trifle closer to
the margin than on the form figured by Cotteau. These slight

199 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 35

inconsistencies are believed to be of individual rather than specif-
ic nature hence the writer refers his specimen to antillensis.

Comparisons.—Hemiaster antillensis closely resembles two
Cretaceous forms, one Hemiaster nucleus Desor?* from the base
of the Senonian, the other, Hemisaster fourneli Desor?’? from the
Turonian of France, Spain, Portugal and Algeria in northern
Africa. From Hemuiaster nucleus the Cuban species differs some-
what in shape, being rather less obviously cordiform, with a
deeper anterior sulcus at the margin, and in being less obliquely
truncate than the French species. Hemuaster fournel. is some-
what larger than the Cuban species, more regular in marginal
outline, with its apical system somewhat excentric posteriorly and
with a shallow, instead of a deep sulcus in the anterior margin.
The similarity of antillensis to Cretaceous forms is as striking as
Cotteau’s comparison of it to Hemuaster scillae from the Miocene
of Malta.

Hemuaster, sp. indet, Hawkins?® from the Rudistid Limestone
of Jamaica if uncrushed would probably be very close to this
species. As it is the Jamacian specimen seemingly differs in
being less obviously cordiform than the Cuban species, a differ-
ence perhaps not so valid when it is considered than there is apt
to be some variation in the marginal outline of the species.

Locality.—Santa Lucia and La Concepcion, district of Cien-
fuegos, Province of Santa Clara (‘Cotteau).

Reported Geologic Horizon.—Cotteau questionably recorded
this species from the Eocene, but Roig later asserted that the
locality called Eocene by Cotteau “may be considered pertaining
to the Cretaceous of Cienfuegos”.

Present Locality—Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality
INjosey)

Hemiaster madrugensis Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 3, figs. 4-6

Test of moderate size, ovately cordiform, widest just anterior
to the apex. Dorsal surface evenly convex, moderately inflated ;
ventral surface also somewhat convex behind the peristome but
only to a slight degree. Lateral margins swollen; anterior mar-
gin rather deeply grooved at the ambulacral sulcus, otherwise

24See Paléontologie Francaise, Terrains Crotacés, vol. 6, p. 240, pl. 876,
~ 1853-1860. fe

25Ibid, p. 234, pl. 877, 1853-1860.

26Geol. Mag., vol. 61, No. 721, p. 316, pl. 18, fig. 3, 1924.

36 BULLETIN 70C 200

evenly rounded; posterior margin truncate.

Peristome transverse, broadly ovate, well excentric anteriorly,
about 8 mm. from the marginal groove, bounded posteriorly by
a labrum. Periproct in the posterior truncation, somewhat
nearer the dorsal than the ventral face, large, seemingly subquad-
rate(?). Apical system subcentral, its details obscure, although
one weathered specimen which is believed to be this species
does show what seems to be a genital pore in interambulacrum
t and in interambulacrum 4. The rest of the disc is so weathered
that further observations cannot be made.

Ambulacra diverse, the anterior in a deep sulcus which is
widest just above the margin, extending to the peristome. An-
tero-laterals divergent, somewhat flexuous, also deeply sunken,
(though not quite so much as ambulacrum III), petaloid, the
petals extending nearly to the margins where they tend to close
somewhat, the ambulacra continuing in a very shallow depression
which extends to the ambitus. Postero-laterals also petaloid,
somewhat shorter than the antero-laterals, open distally, diverg-
ing from the disc at ‘a very small angle so that they nearly paral-
lel the interradium separating them. Poriferous zones form the
sides of the ambulacral depressions, the interporiferous area, the
base. Both areas are of equal width. The antero-lateral ambu-
lacra have, in one specimen, about 31 pairs of pores, in another
26, the ambulacra of the bivium having about 22 pairs. The
pores of a pair are nearly horizontal, subequal, somewhat elon-
gated, conjugate. The pores of ambulacrum III are closely
spaced, less elongate than those of the other ambulacra, very
oblique.

Posterior interambulacrum somewhat carinate dorsally. A
peripetalous fasciole encircles the petaloid parts of the ambu-
lacra. Plastron slightly tumid. Ornamentation faint on our
specimens, but so far as can be discerned, the tubercles seem to
be small and crenulate, largest actinally near the margin and on
the sternum, smaller and possibly more abundant abactinally, par-
ticularly near the apex, with abundant militaries.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 33 mm.; width, 30 mm.;
height, 22 mm.

201 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 37

Remarks.—The distinguishing features of this species are the-
deeply sunken ambulacra and the regularity of contour whereby
the anterior and posterior ends are of about the same height.

Comparisons —Of the two Cretaceous species of Hemiaster
reported from Cuba, this form is closer to Hemiaster antillensis
Cotteau2” from Santa Lucia, and La Concepcion Cienfuegos,
Province of Santa Clara. Hemiaster antillensis has much the
same marginal outline but it is considerably higher posteriorly
than anteriorly, whereas madrugensis is about the same height in
front and behind.

Hemiaster sp. indet. Hawkins”® from the Rudistid Limestone
of Jamaica is not unlike this species despite its seemingly more
quadrate form which may be due to crushing. However,
Hawkins states that the highest point of the test is at the peri-
proct, whereas in the Cuban form the highest is at the apical
disc. Superficially Schizaser brachypetalus Arnold and Clark
from Jamaica is very much like the Cuban form but is distin-
guished from it by having “only a faint indication of depression
at the ambitus in ambulacrum III.” In madrugensis the anterior
groove is strongly pronounced.

Although geographically remote, this species may also be com-
pared with Hemiaster vicinus Stoliczka of the Ootatoor group
(Cenomanian) south of Moraviatoor, southern India*°. The
Indian species is quite like our form but differs in the greater
angle of divergence of the petals of the postero-lateral ambu-
lacra and in the greater number of pore-pairs of the ambulacra.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Cretaceous.

Locality—Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality No. 1).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Hemiaster siboneyensis Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 3, figs: 7-9

Test of moderate size, cordiform, rather acuminate posteriorly.
Dorsal face somewhat convex, appressed, strongly sloping from
behind toward the anterior margin. Ventral surface moderately
swollen centrally. Lateral margins tumid, anterior margin some-

27Annales Soc. géol. Belgique, vol. 9, p. 31, pl. 3, figs. 1-4, 1881.

28Geol. Mag., vol. 61, No. 721, p. 316, pl. 18, fig. 3, 1924.

29Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1, p. 59, pl. 11, figs. 14-16, 1927.

30Paleontologica Indica, Geol. Soc. India Mem., vol. 4, No. 3, p. 18, jolla Ap
figs. 1-1c, 1873.

38 BULLETIN 70C 202

what compressed, grooved at the anterior ambulacrum. Poster-
ior face obliquely truncate, the angle of obliquity about 15 de-
grees from the vertical.

Peristome very close to the anterior margin, transverse, sem1-
lunate, with a subdued labrum. Periproct small, lengitudinally
ovate, in the posterior truncation well up toward the dorsai sur-
face, just under the carination of the posterior interambulacrum.

Apical disc very excentric posteriorly. Ambulacra unlike, the
odd anterior ambulacrum in a deep, moderately broad groove
which extends over the ambitus to the peristome. The antero-
lateral ambulacra are petaloid for some distance toward the
margin, flexuous, divergent, deeply grooved, the petals open dis-
tally, continuing in a shallow sulcus to the margins. Petals of
the bivium very short, diverging at a moderate angle from the
apex, also deeply incised and somewhat open at their ends.

Poriferous zones of the antero and postero-lateral ambulacra
slightly wider than the area separating them. In the antero-
laterals there are about 24 pairs of nearly horizontal, conjugate
pores, and about 16 to 18 pairs in the petals of the bivium. The
pores of a pair on the anterior and posterior petals are elongated,
slit-like, equal. The pores of ambulacrum III are less elongate
than the others.

Interambulacra compressed into sharp ridges at the apical disc,
flattening out toward the margins. Posterior interambulacrum
with a moderate carina extending from the apex to the periproct.

Peripetalous fasciole very faint, presumably sinuous. Plastron
weathered, slightly raised above the veniral surface, somewhat
convex. ‘Tuberculation not clearly visible but the corona seems
to be covered with small tubercles between which may be miscr-
scopic granules. The tubercles probably become larger toward
the margins and on the plastron.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 29 mm.; width, 27 mm.;
27 mm.; height posteriorly, 20 mm.

Remarks.—This species is at once characterized by its deeply
excavated ambulacra, the marked posterior excentricity of its
apical disc, the equally marked anterior excentricity of the peri-
stome which is very close to the margin, and the inward obli-
quity of the posterior truncation.

203 CuBAN HcHINOIDS: WEISBORD 39

Comparisons.—This species in a general way invites compar-
‘son with Hemiaster parastatus (Morton)** and Hemuiaster
stella (Morton).** Hemuaster parastatus from the Vincentown
Sand (Maestrichian) of New Jersey, U. S. A., and the Ripley
formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Alabama, Us Ss vA, Glitters
from the Cuban species in being somewhat larger, vertically trun-
cate posteriorly instead of obliquely, and in having its peristome
further removed from the anterior margin. Hemiaster stella
also from the Vincentown Sand is not quite so acuminate pos-
teriorly, is also vertically, instead of obliquely truncate and has
its peripetalous fasciole bordering the petaloid ends of the am-
bulacra without entering the angles of the interambulacra. In
this species, though by no means clearly outlined, the fasciole is
seemingly more sinous.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Cretaceous.

Locality Esperanza, Habana Province (Locality No. 1).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

UPPER EOCENE SPECIES

Cidaris aff. loveni Cotteau TPM, Bi, ayer, I)

Cidaris loveni Cotteau, Kongl. Svens. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, No. 6,
pe LO, pl Wy fies) 1a, Usio-

Cidaris loveni Guppy, Scientific Assoc. Trinidad Proe., part 12, p, 195,
1882.

Cidaris loveni Jackson, Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 19, pl. 1,
figs. 8-10, 1922.

Cidaris lovent Arnold and Clark, Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1,
p- 11, pl. 1, figs. 1, 2, 1927.

Translation of Cotteau’s original description:

Species of medium size, subeireular, slightly pentagonal,
about equally depressed above and below. Ambulacral areas
sunken, Poriferous zones relatively rather large, subundu-
late, nearly straight at the approaches to the apex and peri-
stome, composed of oval, very open pores, disposed nearly
horizontally; each pair of pores is separated by a transverse
swelling, which at first sight are somewhat like the pores of
Bhabdocidaris, although this resemblance is more apparent
than real, and the pores, not conjugate by a groove, are clear-
ly those of true Cidaris. Interporiferous zones everywhere
very narrow, ornamented with two rows of regular, close,
homogeneous granules, situated at the margin of the porifer-
ous zones; the intermediate space is occupied by two other,
less regular rows, composed of smaller granules, more un-

31S9ee U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 54, p. 92, pl. 48, figs. la-n, 1915.
32Ibid, p. 98, pl. 48, figs. 2a-d, 1915.

40 : BULLETIN 70C 204

equal and not leaving between them any open space. Inter-
ambulacral tubercles prominent, strongly mammillate, perfor-
ate, noncrenulate, to the number of six per series; the sero-
bicules which surround them are moderately developed, round
on the upper face, subelliptical at the approaches to the
peristome; they are bordered by a prominent circle of mam-
millate granules. Miliary zone rather large, ornamented every-
where with unequal and irregularly disposed granules.

Height, 15 mm.; diameter, 26.5 mm.

Similarities and Differences: This species in its general
physiognomy closely resembles C. Melitensis, yet it has seemed
to us to be distinguished from it positively by the structure
of its ambulacral areas, the interporiferous zones of which,
are noticeably narrower and provided with quite differently
disposed granules; it likewise differs from it by its much
more granulose miliary zone.

Locality.—Island of. St. Bartholomew. Very rare. Hocene
terrain.

Collection of Dr. Cleve.

Explanation of figures—P1. 1, fig. 11, C. loveni, side view;
fig, 12, upper face; fig. 13, lower face; fig. 14, ambulacral
area and tubercles enlarged.

In our collection is a fragment of a specimen of Cidaris con-
sisting of a portion of an interambulacrum, seemingly of the
dorsal surface near the ambitus, studded with four primary tu-
berc:es. The tubercles away from the apex are larger than the
others; all are prominent, scrobiculate, mammilate, perforate.
Areolas circular, fringed with granules which are somewhat
larger than the granules of the interspaces. The areolas touch
each other longitudinally, are rather far removed transversely.
The interspaces are composed of subequal, homogeneous gran-
ules, closely spaced, and somewhat smaller than the granules
which fringe the areolas.

Only the adradial poriferous avenues are present on our speci-
mens. The avenues are narrow, composed of nearly horizon-
tally disposed pore-pairs margined by prominent, horizontal peri-
podia ; the pores are oval, subequal in size.

Dimensions.—Width of the interambulacrum at the widest
part, 14 mm.

Remarks.—This fragment is from a specimen undoubtedly
much larger than the one from St. Bartholomew. In other de-
tails the Cuban form is identical to the species originally de-
scribed by Cotteau except in one particular. Cotteau states that

the miliary granules are unequal and irregularly disposed, where-

205 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 41

as on our fragment the miliary granules are subequal and regu-
larly disposed. However the disposition of the granules on the
form figured by Jackson seem to be quite regular and equal, and
it is to Jackson’s figured holotype that the Cuban fragment is
compared.

Reported Localities: St. Bartholomew (Cotteau) ; in the vicin-
ity of Easington, just west of the Yallahs river and in the region
of Seven Rivers, near Great River, St. James Parish, Jamaica
(Arnold and Clark).

Geologic Horizon.—Eocene.

Present Locality.—Loma Calisto, Camagtiey Province (Local-
ity No. 2).

? Diadema principeana Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 3, figs. 11-13

Test somewhat fragile, of rather small size, perfectly circular
in outline, very depressed dorsally, nearly flat or a trifle concave
ventrally, with regularly tumid margins.

Apical disc and periproct broken. Peristome roughly circular,
quite large.

Ambulacra straight, lanceolate, increasing in width from the
apex to the ambitus where they are widest (5 mm.) and decreas-
ing therefrom toward the peristomial margin. Poriferous zones
much narrower than the area separating them, with slightly
sinuous pore-pairs which are uni-serial from the apex to near
the peristome, where they become bigeminate and possibly tri-
geminate. There are four and a half pore-pairs to an ambulac-
ral plate, the last pore-pair stationed at the suture between two
plates. The pores are subequal, transversely ovoid. Plates pre-
sumably compound but the sutures are not visible. There are two
vertical columns of primary tubercles which have well rounded
mamelons and which are largest at the ambitus, gradually dim-
inishing in size therefrom on the ventral and dorsal surface. The
tubercles are weathered so that it cannot be said with certainty
that they are perforate, though they most probably are. There

42 BULLETIN 70C 206

are about 12 tubercles in each column, one to every eight pore-
pairs. Along the perradial and adradial suture are a series of
small miliary granules and occasional granules around the base
of the primary tubercles.

The interambulacra are 7 mm. in width at the ambitus, thus
being only slightly wider than the ambulacra, also with two
column of primary tubercles disposed in much the same manner
as those in the ambulacra, one to each plate, largest at the am-
bitus, approximately the same size as those in the ambulacral
areas. Miliary granules occur along the perradial suture. These
are subequal in size and simewhat variable in number to a plate.
Occasionally granules occur sporadically along the margins of
the plates, while along the adradial margin, contiguous to the
poriferous avenue of the adjacent ambulacra, is a somewhat stag-
gered column of rather closely spaced granules.

Dimensions.—Holotype, diameter, 20. ; height, 7.5 mm.

Remarks.—The outstanding characteristics of this interesting
little species are its perfectly circular outline, its wheel ?like
shape, the 20 columns of subequal, primary tubercles, and the
larger peristome.

Comparisons.—This species strongly resembles in miniature
the rather larger Echinopedina cubensis Cotteau**? from the
Eocene of Cienfuegos, Santa Clara Province, Cuba. It is readily
distinguished however, by its much narrower interambulacra, by
its more appressed form and by its smaller size. In ? Diadema
principeana the interambulacra are only silghtly wider than the
ambulacra, whereas in Echinopedina cubensis the interambulacra
are nearly three times as wide. The height of ? Diadema prin-
cipeana is a little less than one-third the diameter, while in
Echinopedina cubensis the height is a little less than one-half the
diameter.

This species is even more closely related perhaps to Hebertia
simplex Hawkins** from the Yellow Limestone (Middle Eocene)
of Jamaica, but differs in being somewhat larger, more appressed,
circular in outline instead of subpentagonal, with slightly nar-
rower interambulacra and a larger peristome.

Hawkins states that his Heberita simplex may be an immature

33Annales Soe. géol. Belgique, vol. 9, p. 9, pl. 1, figs. 1-6, 1881.
34Geol. Mag., vol. 61, No. 721, p. 317, pl. 18, figs. 4, 5, 1924,

207 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 43

form of Cotteau’s Echinopedina cubensis, but in view of the
pentagonal outline of the Jamaican form and its narrower inter-
ambulacra, the writer believes Hawkins is quite justified in spec-
ifically separating his species from Cotteau’s.

Both Hawkins and Roig®® refer the genus. Echinopedina to
Hebertia described by Michelin®® in 1859. Duncan*’, however,
in his “Revision of the Genera and Great Groups of the
Echinoidea” regards Hebertia as synonymous with Diadema de-
scribed by Schynvoet®® in 1711. So far as the writer can deter-
mine, the species under discussion seems referable to the genus
Diadema equally as well as to the genus H ebertia. If the two
genera are synonymous as stated by Duncan it is correct to use
the older designation; hence the writer refers his species to the
genus Diadema with question.

Geologic Horizon—Upper Eocene.

Locality.—Loma Calisto, Camagtiey Province (Locality No.

A).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Jacksonaster acunai Roig Pl 3s fies 140 ply 4. fies. 1-4-

Jacksonaster Acunai Roig, Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 59, pl. 13,
figs. 6, 7, 9, 1926.
Ct. Jacksonaster Acunai var. nuevitasensis Roig, Bol. de Minas, Habana,
No. 10, p. 60, pl. 13, fig. 9, 1926.

Test measuring 48 mm. in length, by 35 mm. in width and
12 mm. in height, ovular, linguiform, with swollen margins,
but upper face depressed; lower face nearly flat. Peristome
very slightly excentric anteriorly, barely sunken, round, from
which radiate five ambulacral sutures, confined to the region
near the peristome, finely granulose; periproct round, slightly
distant from the margin. Apex excentric anteriorly, com-
pletely covered with tubercles and the granulation of the
test, with four very small genital pores slightly distant from
the center, with no trace of a fifth pore; oculars indistinct ;
the pores are replaced by four small, microscopic, sinuous
fissures, Petals very unequal, broad, straight, closed, ex-
tending to the margin, with wide poriferous zones composed
of very close zygopores and a narrow interporiferous zone,
carrying nevertheless, more than one column of tubercles.
On the margins the pores become imperceptible, and on the
oral face the ambulacra widen and are not separated but by
an interambulacral band. ‘The pores reappear in the peris-
tomial sutures; there they are quite numerous but misero-
scopic, becoming yet smaller between the granules of the am-
bulacral area. The whole surface of the test has small, scro-

35Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 36, 1926.
36Bull. Soc. Geol. France, ser. 2, vol. 17, 1859.
37Jour. Linnean Soc., vol. 28, p. 60, 1891.
38Thes. Imag. Pise. etc., p. 2, pl. 14,.1711.

44 BULLETIN 70C 208

biculate, homogeneous, scattered tubercles, separated by an
extremely fine, miliary granulation.

Some broken specimens allow observation of the internal
partition system. This is exclusively marginal and consists
of partitioned pillars lke those of the living type of the
genus, J. conchatus Clelland.

This species varies a little in its form which is more or less
compressed and sinuous on the sides. One individual, prob-
ably a victim of an accident during its life (No. 1310), is ir-
regular, with a posterior cavity, its periproct displaced and
situated marginally, opening itself into the cavity but clearly
diverted to the right. It is a terralogical example.

A young specimen (No. 1502) is distinguished by its more
elongate form and with its periproct even closer to the
margin.

Type No. 1304. Collection, Sanchez Roig.

Translation of Roig’s description of Jacksonaster acunia vat.
nuevitasensis.

Jaeksonaster acunai var. nuevitasensis Roig, Bol. de Minas, Habana,
No. 10, p. 60, pl. 13, fig. 9, 1926.

Under this name I refer to Jacksonaster Acunai a form
(No. 1306) that is distinguished from the type by its some-
what narrower petals with an interporiferous zone carrying
a single column of tubercles. This individual measures
37 mm. in length, 27 mm. in width and 8 mm. in height.

I know of no species that can be mistaken with Jackson-
aster Acunat.

Jacksonaster ellipticus Agassiz, of the Pliocene, but espe-
cially known from present seas, is less elongate, has its
petals shorter and shows five, well separated genital pores at

the apex.
Type of the variety, No. 1306. Collection, Sanchez Roig.

Geologic Horizon: Oligocene.

Locality: Loma de Calisto, Nuevitas, Camagiiey.

Note: Jacksonaster Acunai and the variety nuevitasensis
are found in the same locality. Sr. Julian Acuna brought us
more than 50 specimens of this species and the variety.

This species is quite variable in shape, though in the main it
assumes two general forms. In one of these the outline is elon-
gate-pentagonal, rostrate in front, subtruncate behind, with a
moderately pronounced stricture in the lateral margins below
the apical regions. In this general group some of the specimens
are more elongate than others in proportion to their width. The
second group is elliptical in outline, longer than broad, generally
rounded in front and behind with subparallel margins with only
a tendency to develop the lateral sulci which are rather pro-
nounced on the pentagonal forms. Inasmuch as both forms come
from the same horizon and show a marked tendency to intergrade

209 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 45

even in the relatively few forms in our collection, it seems un-
wise to set up varietal forms of this species. The degree of ex-
cavation of the petals and depression of the abactinal surface
varies on some of the specimens, but the variation is as great
in one group as in the other.

Margins swollen, usually rather sinuous, somewhat thicker
anteriorly than posteriorly. Adapical surface usually sunken
below the tumid margins, but occasionally the top of the dorsal
face is level with the top of the margins; adoral surface flat, with
a slight depression centrally causing the surface to appear some-
what bent.

Peristome in the antero-posterior plane of symmetry, excen-
tric anteriorly, pentagonal in outline, slightly sunken. From it
radiate five ambulacral sutures, those corresponding to the tri-
vium subequal in size and slightly shorter than those correspond-
ing to the bivium, the sutures extending only a short distance
from the peristome. Periproct in the antero-posterior plane of
symmetry, not far from the posterior margin, rather large, round-
ed to obtusely pentagonal, slightly sunken. Apical disc excen-
tric anteriorly, with four genital pores, one each in genitals 2, 1,
4, and 3, the pores of 2 and 3 closer together than 1 and 4.

Ambulacra slightly to moderately sunken in the dorsal surface,
petaloid, nearly closed distally, extending to, and overlapping, on
the lower flanks of the margins. The petals of the bivium are
the longest, that of the odd, anterior ambulacrum next in size,
and those of the antero-laterals, shortest, though only a trifle
shorter than that of ambulacrum III. Poriferous zones much
wider than the interval that separates them. Pore-pairs numer-
ous, conjugate, with minute, equal granules on the platforms
separating the canals. Outer pores of a pair are elongate, very
much longer than the inner pores., Inner pores are also slit-like
distally but becoming less so toward the apex. Interporiferous
zones convex, with either one or two columns of scrobiculate
tubercles impinged thereon.

Surface ornamentation consists of numerous, subequal, scro-
biculate tubercles which are interspersed with very fine, miliary
granules. The tubercles are less numerous on the dorsal surface

46 BULLETIN 70C 210

than on the ventral surface, and are even more abundant, though
a trifle smaller, on the margins.

Dimensions.—Large pentagonal type, 'ength, 50’mm.; width,

39 mm.; height, 9 mm.
Moderate-sized pentagonal type, length, 39
mm.; width, 24 mm.; height, 7 mm.
Large elliptical form, length, 51 mm.; width,
39 mm.; height, 12 mm.
: Small elliptical form, length, 32 mm.; width,
22 mm.; height, 7 mm.

Remarks.—Roig’s varietal form nuevitasensis is hardly valid
since there may be one or two columns of tbuercles in the inter-
poriferous zones, as well as somewhat varying width of the petals,
both of which characters are used by Roig to designate the
variety.

Comparisons.—This species can usually be distinguished from
Jacksonaster sanchezi Roig*® discussed in the following pages, by
being less elongate, less prominently strictured at the lateral mar-
gins and with less deeply excavated ambulacra. Nevertheless
there are occasional intermediate forms which are very close to
sanchezi and it is difficult to determine to which of the two
species to assign them. This shows that the two forms acunat
and sanchezi are much closer than Roig’s statement, “I know of
no species that can be mistaken with Jacksonaster acunai,” would
indicate, although it is freely admitted that extreme types of the
two species are easily separable.

The writer follows Roig in using Lambert’s generic designa-
tion, Jacksonaster.

Reported localities—Loma Calisto, Nuevitas, Camagtiey
(Roig).

Reported Geologic Horizon.—Oligocene (Roig).

Present Localities—Loma Calisto, Province of Camagtiey
(Locality No. 2) ; between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of
Camagtiey (Locality No. 3).

Jacksonaster sanchezi Roig Pl. 3, fig. 15; pl. 4, figs. 5-7

Jacksonaster Sanchezi Roig, Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p, 61, pl.
13, figs. 4, 5, 8, 1926.
Translation of Roig’s original description:
This species (No. 1308) recalls the preceding (Jackson-
39Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 61, pl. 138, figs. 4, 5, 8, 1926,

211 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 47

aster Acunai var. nuevitasensis) in its general shape, but is
narrower, more elongate, and differs absolutely from it as
from all the known Laganidae, by the width and depression
of its petals. |

It measures 40 mm. in length, 27 mm. in width and 10 mm.
in height. The margins are swollen and the upper face
rather profoundly depressed in all the petaloid part. The
details of the apex, uniformly covered with scrobiculate tu-
bereles, are barely distinet, but there cannot be seen in it any
trace of a fifth genital pore. The unequal petals, the laterals
much shorter than the others, are wide and not allowing the
interambulacra to reach the apex except by a narrow band;
all the petals reach the swollen part of the margin and are
(there lightly impressed. Near the margin the interambu-
lacra overhang the petals and the latter appear as strongly
depressed; the poriferous zones are very wide, and the in-
terporiferous zone very narrow, lineal, not bearing but a
single column of irregular, scrobiculate tubercles; the un-
paired petal is deprived of it. The development of the por-
iferous zones, the width of the petals and its obtuse shape
are characters quite unusual in a Laganwm.

In the interior of the test are partitions and pillars with
canals at the margin of the test, the whole center of which
remains open. It is nearly the disposition observed in the
preceding species and in the living Jacksonaster.

No known species can be confused with Jacksonaster San-
chez.

Note: We possess a series of varieties of this species
brought by Sr. Julian Acuna. ‘Type No. 1308, Lambert col-
lection, Paris. We posses some 30 cov.ypes in our collection.

Geologic Horizon.—Oligocene.

Locality—Loma Calisto, Nuevitas, Camagiiey.

This unique species has a thick, slipper-shaped, eiongated test,
somewhat elliptical in shape with a pronounced stricture at the
lateral margins below the apical system. Usuaily the widest part
of the test is in front of the apical system. Usually too, though
not invariably, the anterior portion of the test is thicker than the
posterior. The abactinal surface (excluding the petals) is slight-
ly concave within the swollen margins, but may be nearly flat or
even very slightiy convex. The actinal surface is invariably
slightly concave.

The peristome is somewhat excentric anteriorly, small, sub-
pentagonal, slightly sunken. From it radiate five, narrow ambu-
lacral grooves for a short distance, not reaching the ambitus. The
grooves of ambulacra III, V and I are of approximately the same
length, those of the anterior pair shorter, conforming more or
less in proportion to the length of the petals on the abactinal
surface.

48 BULLETIN 70C 212

The periproct is moderately large (2.5 mm. in diameter), cir-
cular, infra-marginal, in the antero-posterior plane of symmetry.

The apical disc is somewhat excentric anteriorly. On none of
the writer’s specimens can its structure be determined, but it is
telieved to be similar to Jacksonaster acunai Roig, with four
genital pores, one in each genital except that of the posterior
interradium.

Ambulacra petaloid, not quite closed distally, deeply excavated
into the test. The petals of the bivium are slightly longer than
that of ambulacrum III, while the anterior pair are the shortest,
about two-thirds as long as the posterior. Usually all the petals
are about equally excavated. The poriferous zones are much
wider than the interporiferous area. Pore-pairs numerous, con-
jugate, the connecting cana's being nearly horizontal except at
the distal tip where they diverge.

The whole of the corona is ornamented with equal, imper-
forate and scrobiculate tubercles of small size. The interpor-
iferous zones are covered with a single column of tubercles which
are slightly smaller, but of the same kind as those on the corona.
The tubercles in the column are staggered, that is, not in the
same plane. Occasionally there may be two tubercles in a row
due to the marked inequality of the spacing.

Dimensions.—Large adult specimen, length, 53 mm.; width,
33 mm. ; height anteriorly, 13 mm.; height subcentrally, 11 mm.

Remarks.—This species was collected in the same locality from
which Roig’s holotype was described.

Comparisons.—Jacksonaster torrei Roig*® found in the same
locality differs from this species in being ovately subpentagonal
and in having its ambulacral petals lightly impressed.

Reported Localities—lLoma Calisto, Nuevitas, Camagiiey
(Roig).

Reported Geologic Horizon.—Oligocene (Roig).

Present Localities—Loma Calisto, Province of Camagiey
(Locality No. 2); between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of

Camagutey (Locality No. 3).

Laganum cubanum Wesibord, n. sp. Pl 4, figs 8-10
Test thin, elongate, subpentagonal to polygonal in outline,

usually slightly wider anteriorly than posteriorly, with a sug-

40Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 61, pl. 12, figs. 1-3, 1926.

213 CUBAN EcCHINOIDS: WEISBORD 49

gestion of a marginal stricture posterior to the apical system.
Adapical surface depressed below the margins. The maximum
depression occurs marginally, from which area the abactinal
surface rises slightly to the apical system, thus making the sur-
face itself slightly convex. The apex, however, does not quite
reach the level attained by the upper surface of the margins. The
adoral surface is nearly flat, with a tendency toward concavity
at the peristome. The margins are swollen, somewhat sinuous,
sightly thicker anteriorly than posteriorly.

Peristome slightly excentric anteriorly, small, pentagonal,
somewhat sunken.

Periproct infra-marginal, subcircular, as large as the peristome,
in the antero-posterior plane of symmetry.

Details of the apical system not visible, though it is situated
somewhat excentric anteriorly.

Ambulacra subpetaloid, slightly convex, extending from the
apical disc to, and on, the lower slope of the margins. The
petals of the bivium are slightly longer than that of ambulacrum
III, while the anterior pair are shortest. The petals are not quite
closed marginally. The widest part of the poriferous zones is
near the distal end where the width is about the same as the inter-
poriferous zone. Pore-pairs conjugate, the canals converging
toward the apex distally, nearly horizontal apically. Interpor-
iferous zones nearly lineal, increasing slightly in width away from
the apex.

Interambulacral areas wider than the ambulacral, with a low,
elongate fold occurring between the ambulacra of the bivium,
extending from the margin about half way to the apex where it
loses its identity. This ridge does not occur on all the specimens.

The dorsal surface of the test is strewn with scattered, small,
subequal, scrobiculate tubercles on the interambulacra, while the
interporiferous zones of the ambulacra contain two or three rows
of tubercles of the same size and kind. On the margins, particu-
larly at the ambitus proper, the tubercles are subequal, much more
numerous than those on the abical surface, and seemingly more
deeply scrobiculate. On the oral surface the tubercles are also
subequal, indiscriminately but closely spaced, with fine miliary
punctations between them. The oral surface is much more

50 BULLETIN 70C 214

closely tuberculated than the apical surface, but not quite so much
so as the margins. From the peristome radiate five ambulacral
sutures, subequal in length, extending part way to the margins,
ornamented within and around by miliary tubercles.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 40 mm.; width, 32 mm.;
height, 4 mm.

Remarks.—The essential features of this unusual species is
its pentagonal to polygonal shape, its rather large size for the
genus, its thinness, its depressed abactinal surface, the apex of
which does not quite reach the 'evel of the dorsal margins, and
its posterior carination on the abactinal surface.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Locality Between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of Cam-
agtey (Locality No. 3).

Holotype.—-Paleontological Research Institution.

Peronella quinquenodulata Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 5, figs. 1-3

ef. Hchinodiscus crustuloides Lambert and Roig (not Morton), Inst. Nae.
de Investigaciones Cientificas Mem., vol. 1, p. 144, 1929.

Test very small, disc-shaped, subovate, slightly 'onger than
wide. Both the adoral and adapical surfaces are depressed be-
low a ribbon-like margin which is clearly defined as a rim around
the test. This rim is probably due to weathering, but this can-
not be stated unreservedly since there is only one specimen which
can be definitely assigned to this species. Adapical surface con-
vex, rather flattened at the apex, the apex rising above the level
of the margins. Ventral surface bare'y concave, inset below
the rimmed margin.

Peristome subcentral, rather large for the size of the test.
Periproct infra-marginal, subovate (?).

Apical disc subcentral. Plates of the oculo-genital ring un-
observable. Ambulacral petals subequal in size, broad near the
disc, pointed and apparently closed at the inner margin of the
rim to which they extend. Poriferous zones much narrower
than the slightly convex interporiferous zones. Around the
apical disc are 5 unequally sized, prominent granules, one on each
petal, rising above the disc. On ambulcarum III the granule is
a little right of the medial line; on ambulacrum II the granule
is the smallest of the group, to the left of the medial line of the
petal; on ambulacrum I the granule is toward the antero-poste-

215 CuBAN HECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 51

rior line of symmetry; on ambulacrum V it is toward ambula-
crum IV, and on ambulacrum IV the granule lies toward ambu-
lacrum V. Whether this granulation is of specific importance
or whether it is developed as a growth on this particular speci-
men cannot be determined without more material. Other speci-
mens of Peronella in the collection do not show this development
but these specimens also show some differences in their tubercu-
lation, hence are presumed to be different species.

On the dorsal surface of the test, excluding the apica! disc, are
small, scattered, subequal, lightly impressed, scrobiculate tuber-
cles. In the center of the apical disc are three larger, scrobiculate
tubercles. On the dorsal side of the rimmed margin the tuber-
cles are less numerous than on the ventral side of the rim where,
in addition, they seem to be more deeply scrobiculate. The ven-
tral surface is like the dorsal in tuberculation. Over the whole
corona are numerous, miliary granules occurring between the
tubercles. No unusually large tubercles can be observed in the
interambulacral areas as in Peronella mirabilis Jackson*! from
the Eocene of San Fernando, Trinidad.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 13 mm.; width, 11.5 mm.;
height, 2 mm.

Remarks.—This remarkable species is at once characterized by
its disc-like shape, small size and granulations on the apex. Due
to the obscurity of the ocular and genital plates of the oculo-geni-
tal system, the writer does not know if this species is correctly
placed generically. The species superficially is so like Peronella
mirabilis Jackson that the writer is following Jackson in his gen-
eric nomenclature. The form is therefor assumed to have four
genital pores. It is interesting to note however, that Duncan*?
regards Peronella as synonymous with Laganwm, asserting that
Laganum may have either four or five genital pores.

Comparisons.—This species is very probably the form referred
to by Lambert and Roig as “Echinodiscus”’ crustuloides (not
“Scutella’”’ crustuloides Morton). ‘Their specimen is from the
same general locality as ours and their sketchy description of it
seems to fit our specimen. The writer doubts however, that
Echinodiscus crustuloides Lambers and Roig is the same as Mor-

41Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 47, pl. 9, fig. 3, 1922.
42Journ. Linnean Soc., vol. 23, p. 156, 1891.

52 BULLETIN 70C 216

ton’s crustuloides since one of the characteristics of the form
from the United States is its very thick, somewhat sinuous mar-
gins as compared with the very thin margins of the Cuban form.
Also the Cuban form is characterized by five granulations, one on
each ambulacrum, whereas on Clark and Twitchell‘s**a figures
of crustuloides granulations occur only on ambulacra II and I.
The occurrence of granulations may presumably vary, but the
distinct difference in the thickness of the margins is sufficient
to distinguish the Cuban form from crustuloides. The writer
therefore, proposes the name Peronella quinquenodulata.

This species differs from Peronella murabilis Jackson in its
smaller size, in having five granulations on the ambulacral petals
at the apical disc, in lacking the larger tubercles in the interam-
bulacral areas, and in its wider, definitely closed petals with wider
interporiferous avenues.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Localities—Between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of
Camagtiey (Locality No. 3); Loma Calisto, Province of Cam-
aguey (Lambert and Roig) ?

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Peronella caribbeana Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 5, figs. 7-9

Test much larger than the foregoing species of Peronella, sub-
orbicular in outline, notably thicker anteriorly than posteriorly.
Dorsal surface gently convex in front, less so toward the rear,
with a faint broad ridge in the posterior interradium extending
to the margin. Ventral surface moderately concave. Peristome
and periproct not visible, the latter probably a short distance from
the posterior margin, and presumably small and flush.

Apical disc somewhat excentric anteriorly. Ambulacra sub-
equal, petaloid, wide at the disc, pointed distally, closed, not ex-
tending to the margins. Interporiferous areas about twice as
wide as the poriferous avenues at the disc, gently convex. Por-
iferous zones nearly flush, with oblique, conjugate pore-pairs.

Ornamentations consisting of subequal, scobiculate tubercles,
scattered, less numerous on the dorsal surface than at the margins
and beneath. On the disc are several tubercles slightly larger
than the average but impressed about the same. There are

42aSee U. 8S. Geol. Survey Mon. 54, p. 122, pl. 57, figs. 5a-d; 6a-d, 1915.

217 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 53

however, six tubercles larger and more deeply scrobiculate than
any of the others. Three of these are in interambulacrum 2
and three in interambulacrum 3. In interambulacrum 2, two
of the tubercles are anteriorly situated close together near the
apical disc, the other somewhat removed but also anteriorly situ-
ated near the middle of the adjacent ambulacrum. In interam-
bulacrum 3 the tubercles are situated posteriorly, arranged in a
row extending outward from the apical area, touching each
other.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 30 mm.; width, 28 mm.;
height, 7 mm.

Comparisons.—This species is like Pereonella mirabilis Jack-
son#® from the Upper Eocene of San Fernando, Trinidad, but is
larger, with a concave ventral surface and with a different ar-
rangement of its large tubercles.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Localities —Between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of
Camagiiey (Locality No. 3); doubtfully from Loma Calisto,
Province of Camagtiey (Locality No. 2).

Holotype —Paleontological Research Institution.

Peronella cubae Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 5, figs. 4-6

Test very small, thin, subovate, longer than broad, slightly
thicker at the anterior margin than at the posterior. Dorsal face
somewhat conical, low, rising somewhat above the level of the
margins, with a subdued ridge in the posterior interradium ex-
tending from near the disc to the margin.

Peristome subcentral, perhaps a bit excentric anteriorly. Peri-
proct flush, subpentagonal, a short distance from the posterior
margin, in the antero-posterior plane of symmetry.

Apical disc slightly excentric anteriorly. Ambulacral petals
subequal, petaloid, broad at the disc, pointed and closed distally,
not quite reaching the margin. Interporiferous zone moderately
convex, about twice as wide as the poriferous zone which is vir-
tually flush, and arrayed with oblique, conjugate pore-pairs, the
pores of a pare not distinct but seemingly subequal.

43Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 47, pl. 9, fig. 3, 1922.

54 BULLETIN 70C 218

The test is ornamented with rather small, lightly scrobiculate
tubercles, less numerous and fainter dorsally than ventrally. At
the apex are three or four tubercles somewhat larger than the
average, tho impressed about the same. In addition to these
there are four tubercles larger than any of the others and more
prominently scrobiculate, two of which are in interambulacrum 2,
and one each in interambulacra 3 and 4, situated near the distal
ends of the petals. Whether this tuberculation is a constant fea-
ture cannot as yet be determined. One of the two specimens
which is being relegated to this species shows only three larger
tubercles, two in interambulacrum 2 and one in interambulacrum
3; the tubercle in interambulacrum 4 does not seem to be present,
hence the question ig raised whether the tuberculation is constant.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 13 mm.; width, 12 mm.;
height, 2.5 mm.

Comparisons.—This species differs from Peronella mirabilis
Jackson** in having wider ambulacral petals which are closed
distally and in its fewer and differently arranged large tubercles.
Peronella mirabilis has six large tubercles, two each in interam-
bulacra 1 and 4, and one each in interambulacra 2 and 3. Peron-
ella cubae has two large tubercles in interambulacrum 2, and one
each in interambulacra 3 and 4. Were it not for this difference
in tuberculation, the two species would be virtually identical.

For the present also the writer is considering this species dis-
tinct from Peronella quinquenodulata Weisbord, since it lacks
the prominent granules of quinquenodulata and possesses five
large interambulacral tubercles not observed on quinquenodulata.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Localities—Loma Calisto, Province of Camagtiey (Locality
No. 2); doubtfully from between Nuevitas and Pastelillo. Pro-
vince of Camagtiey (Locality No. 3).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

44Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 47, pl. 9, fig. 8, 1922.

~ 219 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 55

Scutella cubae Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 5, figs. 10-12
Test of medium size, nearly flat except for the subdued ele-

vation of the apex. Marginal outline subovate, rather angulate
behind, broadly and gently acuminate toward the front. The
posterior margins are truncate at the posterior interambulacrum
and opposite the petals of the bivium. The margin is thin, wafer-
like, somewhat thicker anteriorly than behind. The dorsal sur-
face is nearly flat distally, rising in a gentle dome at the apex.
Ventral surface plane, slightly concave.

Peristome slightly excentric anteriorly, rather small, prob-
ably subcircular, nearly flush. Ambulacral furrows not visible.
Periproct small, circular, in the antero-posterior plane of sym-
metry, 7 mm. from the posterior margin.

Apical disc a bit excentric anteriorly, its details obscured. Am-
bulacra on the abactinal surface flush, petaloid, extending not
quite to the margin, where the petals are closed. The petals are
slightly unequal in size, those of the bivium longest (18 mm.),
the odd anterior next (17 mm.) and the antero-laterals shortest,
measuring 16 mm. Interporiferous zones somewhat more than
twice as wide as the poriferous avenues. Pore-pairs numerous,
oblique. Pores seemingly very unequal, the outer slit-like, the
inner oval.

Corona ornamented with numerous, small subequal, imper-
forate, scrobiculate tubercles, more closely spaced at and near
the margins than on either face.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 51 mm.; width, 45.5 mm.;
height, 9 mm. Thickness of anterior margin, 4 mm.; posterior
margin, 2 mm.

Remarks.—Although the ambulacral furrows cannot be dis-
tinguished, the other characters of the test appear to pertain to
the genus Scutella. This genus is rare in the Tertiary of the
West Indies.

Comparisons——This_ species resembles Scutella tuomeyi
Twitchell*® from the McBean formation of the Claiborne group
(Middle Eocene) in Orangeburg County, South Carolina, U. S.
A. The species from South Carolina, however, is not so angu-
late posteriorly and lacks the thickened anterior margin. In
addition the poriferous and interporiferous zones are of nearly
equal width, and the petals are somewhat open distally. On this
45U. 8. Geol. Survey Mon. 54, p. 126, pl. 60, figs. la-d, 1915.

56 BULLETIN 70C 220

species the interporiferous zone is more than twice as wide as
the poriferous and the petals are closed at their ends.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Locahity—Between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of
Camagtiey (Locality No. 3).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Scutella camagtieyana Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 5, figs. 13, 14

This species is described from a broken specimen, the pos-
terior end of which is missing. The test is of moderate size,
subpentagonal or subpolygonal in outline, strongly rostrate in
front, angulate at the marginal ends of the antero-lateral ambu-
lacra. Margin thin, slightly thicker in front than on the sides.
Dorsal surface flat or barely concave marginally, rising into a
low, broad, appressed dome at the apex. Ventral surface flat.

Pevistome subcentra!, perhaps slightly excentric anteriorly, its
shape obscured by adhering rock; periproct missing. Apical
disc subcentral possibly situated a mite forward, its details un-
observable.

Ambulacra petaloid on the abactinal surface. Petals pointed
and closed distally, slightly unequal in size, the postero-laterals
longest, followed by the odd anterior, and this by the antero-
laterals, measuring 19, 18, and 17 mm. respectively.

Interporiferous areas somewhat tumid, about twice the width
of the slightly sunken poriferous avenue. Small, subequal,
numerous, imperforate, scrobiculate tubercles adorn the corona,
the tubercles most numerous near, and at the compressed am-
bitus.

Dimensions.—Holotype, height, 52 mm.; width, 50 mm.;
height, 9.5 mm.

Remarks.—This may be a variant of ie preceding species,
Scutella cubae Weisbord, but differs from it primarily in shape.
Scutella cubae is broadly and gently acuminate in front, the
widest part of the test below the apex. This species is sharply
rostrate and angulate in front, its greatest width just above the
apex. On this species too, the interporiferous areas are some-
what convex, whereas in cubae they are flush. This may be of
no diagnostic importance, but taken with the difference in out-
line of the test, it seems well to separate it from cubae until more

221 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 57

specimens are available for final judgment.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Locality —P-etween Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of Cama-
guey (Locality No. 3).

Holotype—Pa'eontological Research Institution.

Pauropyeus cf. clarki Lambert Pl. 6, figs. 1-3

Pauropygus Clarki Lambert, Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol. 1, sér. 5, p. 294,
pl. 17, figs. 10-12, 1931,

Translation of Lambert’s original comments:

Pauropygus Clarki Lambert. This species has been found
with Oligopygus Collignoni, Ciego de Avila (Cuba), and the
largest of the individuals sent measures 23 mm. in length by
20 in width and 12 in height. Its test is accordingly’ oblong,
equally rounded in front and behind, largely swollen upon its
margins and slightly convex on top; the subeconvex oral face
shows a little, almost circular, central periproct somewhat
elongated in the direction of the axis, and very slightly de-
pressed; the very small, circular periproct is very close to the
peristome. This oral face carries four light depressions cor-
responding to the paired ambulacra; the posterior alone are
in the form of slight ridges; no depression for the odd ambu-
lacrum. Apex monobasal, having four genital pores, slightly
excentrie anteriorly. Petals homogeneous having somewhat
depressed poriferous zones and convex interporiferous zones,
a condition which gives them a clearly costulated aspect;
one counts for petal I, 25 zygopores, 21 for II and 24 for
petal III. These rather wide and fully opened petals extend
nearly to the margin and beyond the pores are lost in the
general graunlation of the test; neither bourrelets nor phyl-
lodes around the peristome.

This species is readily distinguished from almost all its
congeners by the neighboring position of the periproct to the
peristome. Pauropygus latus L. Clark which represents the
same characteristic is more circular; its larger petals, wider
at their ends, are not costulate; its oral face is deprived of
ambulacral ridges.

A single specimen in our collection from the Province of
Pinar del Rio seems to be similar to Lambert’s species, even
though it is somewhat artificially depressed behind due to crush-
ing. The test is small, oblong to subovate, slightly higher an-
teriorly than posteriorly. Dorsal surface nearly flat. Ventral
surface cushion-like, slightly thicker in front than behind, con-
cave around the peristome, but swollen above and below. Mar-
gins rounded.

58 BULLETIN 70C 222

Peristome subcentral to somewhat excentric anteriorly, its
shape indeterminate. Periproct small, circular, situated just
below the peristome.

Apical disc somewhat excentric anteriorly. Ambulacral areas
subpe'aloid, wide open distally. Petals extend to the ventral
margin and continue from there around the ambitus as lightly
incised sutures. Interporiferous zones slightly convex, some-
what wider than the poriferous areas. Poriferous areas with
subequal pore-pairs which are strongly conjugate.

Small, rather numerous, somewhat scattered, scrobiculate and
imperforate tubercles cover the corona.

D-mensions.—Length, 17 mm.; width, 13 mm.; height, 8 mm.

Remarks.—Since the details of the oculo-genital system are
not observable and the shape of the peristome is indeterminate,
it is difficult to place this species generically. Superficially the
form is close to Oligopygus, but Oligopygus usually has a trans-
verse depression at the peristome with the periproct situated be-
tween the peristome and the margin. In this species there is no
peristomial depresston and the periproct is just below the peris-
tome. It seems to be more closely allied to the genus Haimea of
Michelin*® which is characterized by a pentagonal peristome
with the periproct just under it. Lambert*’ thinks the two gen-
era Oligopygus and Ha.mea may be synonymous and raises the
question if it “would not be preferable to unite Oligopygus with
Haimea whether their peristome is pentagonal, quadrate or
transverse, since the general physiognomy remains identical?”
However the genus Oligopygus as established by de Loriol*® is
characterized by a peristome which is “dans une dépression trés
profonde de la face inférieure.”” Such a depression is lacking
in Haimea, hence the two genera are probably distinct. On the
other hand the genus Pawropygus of Arnold and Clark* is ex-
ceedingly close to Haimea and may perhaps be the same. Our
species seems to fit Michelins’ Haimea as well as it does Arnold
and Clark’s Pauropygus, hence it would seem as if Haimea
might be correct. However, the writer tentatively prefers to
use Lambert’s generic designation on the basis of the slight dif-
46Rev. et Mag. Zoclegie, sér. 2, vol. 3, p. 92, pl. 2, figs. 2, 2a, b, 1851.
47Compt. Rend. Somm. Seances Soc. Géol. France, No. 17, p. 232, 1925.

4SRecueil Zool. Suisse, sér. 1, vol. 4, p. 394, 1886-1888.
49Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1, p. 30, 1927.

223 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 59

ference in the petals of the two genera.

Comparisons.—This species recalls Haimea caillaudi Miche-
lin®° from the Upper Eocene of Jamaica. Haimea caillaudi was
named by Michelin in 1851 for a specimen without locality in the
Museum of Natural History of Nantes. He surmised that the
specimen might be of Cretaceous age. In 1925, some 75 years
later, Lambert®! discovered that the Nantes Museum specimen
was identical with a form that Trechmann found in the Upper
Eocene of Jamaica, and assumed that the locality of the original
specimen was Jamaica.

The Cuban species differs from caillaudi in being less tumid,
in lacking the posterior truncation and in having its apical disc
somewhat excentric anteriorly rather than posteriorly as in the
Jamaican form. The peristome of caillaudi is said to be definite-
ly pentagonal, but inasmuch as the Cuban specimen is weathered
it is difficult to state just what shape its peristome has.

In the Jacksonian (Priabonian) of Trinidad are two forms,
Oligopygus kugleri Jeannet?? and Aligopygus christi Jeannet,°?
which closely resemble this species. Oligopygus kugleri is more
globose than the Cuban specimen which in addition lacks the
prominent, transverse peristomial depression. Oligopygus christi
is roughly suborbicular while our species is more elongate, with
the further difference that the periproct of Pawropygus clarkz is
nearer the peristome.

This species is even more closely allied to Pauropygus latus**
Arnold and Clark from Jamaica, seemingly different in its uni-
formly smaller size and in the slight anterior excentricity of the
apical disc. Pauropygus latus is 33 mm. in length whereas what
seem to be adult specimens of Pauwropygus clarki are 20 mm. in
length.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Localities —Between Paso Real and San Diego de Los Banos,
Province of Pinar del Rio (Locality No. 4), Ciego de Avila
(Lambert).

50Rev. et Mag. Zoologie, sér. 2, vol. 3, p. 92, pl. 2, figs. 2, 2a, b, 1851.
51Compt. Rend. et Somm. Seances Soc. Géol. France, No. 17, p. 232, 1925.
52Soc. Paléont. Suisse Mem., vol. 48, p. 6, pl. 1, figs. 1-7, 1928.

53Ibid, p. 10, pl. 1, figs. 16-19, 1928.

54Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1, p. 35, pl. 4, figs. 4-6, 1927.

60 BULLETIN 70C 224

Oligopygus sanchezi Lambert Pl. 6, figs. 4-15

Cf. Oligopygus Haldermani Roig (not Conrad), Bol. de Minas, Habana,
No. 10, p. 83, pl. 41, figs. 6, 7, 1926.

Oligopygus Sanchezi Lambert, Bull. Soe. Geol. France, vol. 1, ser. 5,
(Os 22, joll, 7, tie, Sy WOSiL.

Translation of Lambert’s original comments :

Oligopygus Sanchezi Lambert. Another species from. the
lower Oligocene of Loma Calisto, Nuevitas, deseribed on
p- 83 and figured on plate 41, figures 6 and 7 by Mr. Sanchez
(Roig) and by me under the name of O, Haldermani Conrad
(Discoidea) but differmg from the latter by its more elon-
gated form, its non-costulate test, its more projecting, less
open petals, by its well developed cavity and its less marginal
periproct. It measures 33 mm. in length, by 28 in width and
8 mm. in height; it does not show any trace of phyllodes in
the cavity and is provided with a rather regularly pentagonal
peristome, the sides of the pentagon corresponding to the am-
bulacral areas, and the angles to the interambulacra, contrary
to what is true among the generality of echincids, but a fea-
ture which is explained by the narrowness of the ambulacra
at the margins of the peristome.

This robust species varies considerably in shape. Generally it
is ovately pentagonal in outline with a tendency to be somewhat
acuminate in front and subtruncate behind. Some specimens
are rather markedly acuminate in front, others obtusely so; some
are difinitely truncate behind, others are rounded; some speci-
mens are pentagonal in outline, others ovate; some specimens
are quite narrow, others are broader, tho the species is always
longer than broad. The test appears to be bent over due to the
presence of a prominent, transverse sulcus or depression at the
peristome. Most of the specimens are thicker anteriorly than
posteriorly, though this feature is not invariable. The dorsal
surface is gently arched and usually flattened on top, but oc-
casionally there is a tendency to become broadly conical, Ven-
trally the test is somewhat convex except at the peristome where
it is deeply concave. There is at times a faint suture in the
interambulacral areas extending from a point midway between
the apical disc and the ambitus, around the ambitus to the peris-
tomial depression. These sutures roughly bisect the interradil.

Ambulacra lanceolate to subpetaloid on the abactinal surface,
the petal of ambulacrum III slightly longer than the anterior and
posterior pairs which are of approximately the same size. Dor-
sally, the ambulacra cease to be petaloid near the margins where

225 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 61

there is usually a slight constriction. The ambulacra are widest
at the ambitus, gradually narrowing to the peristome and apex.
Interporiferous areas as wide as, or wider, than the poriferous
zones, having a row of four or five tubercles at the widest part
of the petaloid portion of the ambulacra on the dorsal surface.
Poriferous areas with subequal to slightly unequal pores, con-
jugate to the end of the petaloid portion of the ambulacra. From
there the pore-pairs are arranged in a simple series around the
ambitus to the peristome.

Tubercles rather small, scrobiculate, abundant, of similar size
on the ambulacra and interambulacra, with fine granulations
around them.

Apical system subcentral, usually a trifle excentric posteriorly,
although sometimes slightly excentric anteriorly. Genital pores
four, of which the anterior pair are set more closely together
than the posterior.

Peristome deeply incised, roughly pentagonal, set into a deep,
transverse depression. This depression is an important generic
feature according to Arnold and Clark,”*® differentiating the genus
Oligopygus from the genus Pauropygus.

Periproct small, circular, usually a short distance from the
margin, occasionally at the margin itself.

Dimensions.—Length, 36 mm.; width, 28 mm.; height, 16 mm.

Largest specimen, length, 51 mm.; width, 39 mm.;
height, 28 mm.

Remarks.—This species, although variable in its shape, in the
width of the petals of the ambulacra and the distance of the peri-
proct from the margin nevertheless may be recognized by its
deep, transverse flexure at the peristome and its usually appressed
dorsal surface.

The writer was at first inclined to regard this species as one
of the variant forms of Pauwropygus ovum-serpentis (Guppy)
the well known Eocene index fossil of the West Indies, but as
shown by Arnold and Clark®® ovwm-serpentis is a Pauropygus,
a new genus set up by these authors and differing from Oligo-
-pygus in not having a peristomial furrow. The holotype of

55Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1, p. 31, 1927.
56Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1, p. 36, pl. 5, figs. 7-12, 1927.

62 e BULLETIN 70C 226

Guppy’s ovum-serpentis is considered by Arnold and Clark as
figure 4> of plate 19 in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological
Society of London, vol. 22, 1866. This species does not have a
pronounced peristomial furrow, hence is distinct from the Cuban
form under discussion both specifically and generically.
Comparisons.—As a general rule this species may be differ-
entiated from Oligofygus haldermam (Conrad) from the Up-
per Eocene of Florida and Georgia, U. S. A. in having more
lanceolate ambulacra and in being more appressed on the dorsal
surface. Occasional specimens, however, are subconical and de-
velop wider ambulacral petals. These forms are extremely dif-
ficult to distinguish from haldermam, yet the writer hesitates to
call the Cuban form haldermani when the majority of specimens
are uniformly distinguishable by the more flattened dorsal sur-
face. This species is undoubtedly the same as that which Roig?®
caled Oligopygus haldermami, since it comes from the same lo-
cality. The writer believes that it is better to separate the Cuban
species from Conrad’s haldermani for the reason stated above.
Oligopygus sanchezi is also very similar to the cotypes of
“Echinolampas”’ ovum-serpentis, U. S. National Museum No.
115389, from San Fernando, Trinidad as figured by Jackson*®
and for that reason the writer was at first inclined to regard our
species as the same. ‘Close inspection reveals, however, that the
Cuban form has a more prominent transverse depression than
has the ctoype of ovum-serpentis and for that reason it seems
better to consider the Cuban form distinct, particularly since the
peristomial depression is a constant feature. It must be admit-
ted that Jackson’s ovum-serpentis is as close to the genus Oligo-
pygus as it is to Pauropygus and the question arises whether
Pauropygus should be considered a distinct genus or not.
Oligopygus ovum-serpentis (Guppy) var. baldryi Brighton
from the Atascadero Limestone (Eocene) of Peru®® looks a great
deal like the Cuban species, but our form may be at once distin-
guished by having a very prominent peristomial depression,
whereas in the Peruvian species the depression is barely notice-
57See Clark and Twitchell, U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 54, p. 167, pl. 78, figs.
4a-d, 5a-d, 1915.
58Bol. de Minas, Habana, Mc. 10, p. 83. pi. 41. figs. & 7 1926.

59Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 60, pl. 10, figs. 4, 5, 1922.
60Geol. Mag., vol. 63, p. 361, pl. 26, figs. e-h; text-figures la-g, 1926,

227 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 63

able, if present at all. The Peruvian species would fit presum-
ably Arnold and Clark’s new genus Pawropygus.

One of the most closely related forms to sanchezi is Oligopy-
gus hypselus Arnold and Clark®* from Jamaica, but the Jamaican
species is much higher in proportion to its length than is sanchez.

Summing up, it appears that despite its many relationships
the Cuban species Oligopygus sanchezi is perhaps distinct. It is
more appressed than haldermami with usually more lanceolate
ambulacra; its peristomial depression is more marked than the
common ovum-serpentis; and its height, which 1s somewhat less
than half its length, serves to distinguish it from hypselus in
which the height of the test is about two thirds of its length.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Localit'es.--Loma Calisto, Province of Camagiiey (Locality
No. 2); between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of Camaguey
(Locality No. 3).

Tarphypygus notabilis Arnold and Clark Pl. 7, figs. 1-3

Tarphypygus notabilis Arnold and Clark, Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50,
No. 1, p. 43, pl. 6, figs. 13-15, 1927.

Tarphypygus notabilis Lambert, Bull. Soe. Geol. France, vol. 1, ser. 5,
p. 299, 1931,

One specimen of this interesting species is represented in our
Cuban collection occurring with Pauropygus clarki Lambert
with which it may at first be confused. The test is subovate,
considerably flattened dorsally, slightly convex ventrally in front
and behind, with a slight depression around the peristome. aiine
margins are tumid, the anterior slightly thicker than the posterior.

Ambulacral areas subpetaloid on the dorsal surface, the petals
extending to near the margin. Just above the ambitus the ambu-
lacra widen rapidly, the plates becoming as wide, or perhaps
slightly wider than the plates of the interambulacra. On the
dorsal surface the plates are simple, narrow, strongly anchylosed
perradially, thereby producing a very zigzag radial suture. From
the ventral side of the ambitus toward the peristome, the ambu-
lacral plates are broader and not so strongly wedged into the
p ates on the opposite side of the suture. At the ambitus there
may be seen on occasional ambulacral plates fine, irregular ser-

61Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1, p. 28, pl. 4, figs. 6-8, 1927.

64 BULLETIN 70C 228

rations which are characteristic, according to Arnold and Clark,
of the genus. The poriferous avenues are not quite so wide as
the intervals separating them, composed of oblique, conjugate
pore-pairs, the pores round and subequal, the outer ones perhaps
a rifle larger than the inner ones.

Coronal plates quadrate, with rather irregular margins which
are also finely serrate, resembling on a minute scale the stylio-
litic structure which is frequently developed in marble.

Apical disc subcentral, its details obscured. Peristome sub-
central, slightly sunken, its shape obscured by adhering material.
Periproct small, apparently circular, situated just below the
peristome. |

Dimensions.—Length, 20 mm.; width, 18 mm.; height, 7 mm.

Remarks.—The single, somewhat crushed and broken speci-
men from Cuba seems to be identical in every way with the Ja-
maican species. It is characterized by its rather evenly subovate
outline, the subcentral position of its peristome and apical sys-
tem, by the proximity of the periproct to the peristome and the
serration of the coronal and ambulacral plates, a feature which
defines the genus and differentiates it from Oligopygus and
Pauropygus.

Although no geologic horizon is given for this species, the
writer surmises that it may come from the Eocene of Jamaica.

Comparisons.—This species differs from Tarphypygus ellip-
ticus Arno'd and Clark®? from Jamaica in being subovate instead
of subpentagonal in outline, in being more compressed, and in
‘having its apical system subcentrally situated instead of excen-
tric anteriorly as in ellipticus. It also differs from Echinocyamus
avilensis Lambert®?4@ in being much more appressed and hence
not subglobular.

Reported Locality.—Seven Rivers district, St. James Parish,
Jamaica (Arnold and Clark).

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Cuban Locality—Between Paso Real and San Diego de Los
Banos, Province or Pinar del Rio) CBocaliny Now)?

62Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1, p. 48, pl. 6, figs. 10-12, 1927.
62a Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol. 1, sér. 5, p. 298, 1931.

229 CuBAN EcHINOIDS: WE5ISBORD 65

Echinolampas nuevitasensis Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 7, figs. 4-6
This form is so close to Echinolampas clevei Cotteau® that a

translation of Cotteau’s original description of clever is given

herewith :

Species of medium size, very elongate, narrow, subeylin-
drical; upper face thick, inflated, subangulate in front and
behind, marked in the posterior region by a vague and at-
tenuated carina; lower face pulvinate, somewhat projecting
in the posterior interambulacral area. rounded at the margins.
Apieal dise very exeentrie anteriorly. Ambulaeral areas
rather large, petaloid, non-costate, contracted at their ex-
tremity. which nevertheless is slightly open, particularly in the
anterior pair of ambulacral areas, unequal, the odd anterior
ambulaerum very narrow and nearly straight, the paired an-
terior areas relatively very short, the posterior much longer ;
poriferous zones not depressed, composed of unequal pores,
the internal rounded, the external elongated, straight, oblique.
The poriferous zones cease to be petaloid at a great distance
from the margin. Tubercles scrobiculate, dispersed, crowd-
ed. abundant. Perictome small, subpentagonal, appearing to
open on a level with the test. Periproct little developed, oval,
subtriangular, wholly infra-marginal.

Height, 25 mm.; antero-posterior diameter, 45 mm. ; trans-
verse diameter, 30 mm.

We refer to this same species a specimen of large size
whose height is 53 mm., the antero-posterior diameter, 80 mm.
and the transverse diameter, 55 mm. Despite the enormous
difference in size, this remarkable example has not seemed to
us to be distinguished from the specimens which we have just
deseribed in any essential characteristic.

Resemblances and Differences: This species, by reason of
its elongate, inflated, subeylindrical form, ought not to be
confused with any of its congeners. Its form gives it, at
first sight, some resemblance with Echinolampas ellipsoidalis
d’Archiac+, from the Hocene terrain of Biarritz, but it is
more cylindrical, longer, more angulate and narrower in front
and behind; it is moreover distinguished by its shorter ambu-
lacral areas, less open at their extremity, and by its periproct
much less developed.

Locality: Isle of St. Bartholomew. Rather rare, Eocene
terrain. Collection of Dr. Cleve, Museum of Upsala.

Explanation of figures: Plate 4, fig. 1, HE. clevei, view of
the upper face; fig. 2, another specimen, side view; 1082, Bs
upper face; fig. 4, specimen of very large size, side view;
fig. 5, young individual, view of the lower face.

+@’Archiac, Description des foss. nummulitiques des environs de Bayonne,
Mem. Soc. géol. de France, 2 série. t. 2, p. 203, pl. 6, fig. 3.

There are two large specimens in our Cuban collection which,
aside from a slight variation in shape and somewhat larger peri-
proct, seem very close to the species described by Cotteau. How-
ever the Cuban species cannot be called clevei for the evidence of

63Kongl. Svens. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, No. 6, p. 23, pl. 4, figs. 1-5, 1875.

66 BULLETIN 70C 230

the two specimens militates against the identity. A large suite
may show that the Cuban form grades into the one from St.
Vartholomew, but unti! such a suite is available the two species
must be separated.

The smaller specimen in our collection is ovoid in shape with
a definite tendency to be rostrate posteriorly and subtruncate an-
teriorly. The larger specimen exhibits this to a degree, but the
marginal angulation is less pronounced. Our specimens are
both large, higher anteriorly than posteriorly, subtruncate 1n
front. The highest part of the test is at the apical system. On
the dorsal face the test is quite evenly rounded from the apical
disc around the upper part of the ambitus anteriorly, but from
the apical disc posteriorly there is a gentle declivity, somewhat
more pronounced on the smaller specimen. Both specimens show
the subdued carina in the posterior interambulacrum on the dor-
sal face as in clever. Ventral surface slightly convex at the in-
terradi, particularly at 5, but depressed at the peristome. Peris-
tome somewhat wider transversely than longitudinally, rather
large, pentagonal, flush, bordered by bourrelets of the interradu.
Periproct at the posterior margin, subtriangular, large, seeming-
ly somewhat larger than the peristome. The rest of the test
is like clevei.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 54 mm.; width, 41 mm.;

height, 30 mm. Larger specimen, length, 58 mm. ;
width, 45 mm.; height, 37 mm.

Comparisons.—This species differs but slightly from Echino-
lanpas clever Cotteau in being somewhat more rostrate poster-
iorly and in having a larger periproct. In describing the St.
Bartholomew species Cotteau says that the periproct is “little
deve'oped, oval, subtriangular” while in our species the periproct
is quite large and, on the larger specimen, definitely pentagonal.

The Cuban species is very close to another clevei-like form
known as Echinolampas altissuma Arnold and Clark®* from
Jamaica. The shape of the holotype is nearly identical with the
shape of altissima except that altissima is somewhat more trun-
cate anteriorly. The principal difference is that altissima is a
higher form, being as high as it is wide, whereas in nwevitascisis
the height is 10 mm. or so less than the width.

64Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1, p. 47, pl. 9, figs. 1-4, 1927.

231 CUBAN EcHINOIDS: WEISBORD 67

Another comparison may be made with Echinolampas castort
Cotteau®® from the Eocene of Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Pro-
vince, and “Matanzas,” but a difference may be noted in the po-
sition of the apical disc which is much more excentric anteiiorly
in nuevitasensis.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Locality—Between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of
Camagiiey (Locality No. 3).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Paraster nuevitasensis Weisbord, n. sp. IPN, 5 wie, tS

Test attaining a large size for the genus, elongate-cordiform,
evenly expanded and ovate anteriorly, tapering posteriorly.
Dorsal face high, angularly convex with a somewhat more pro-
nounced anterior than posterior slope. Oral surface moderately
convex. Margins swollen.

Peristome well anterior, rather large, seemingly transversely
elliptical. Below the peristome the test is somewhat carinate but
this may be due to distortion of the specimen. Periproct at the
posterior margin, below the sharply carinate ridge of interam-
bulacrum 5.

Apical dise somewhat excentric posteriorly. Ambulacra nat-
rowly petaloid, very unequal, deeply excavated. The petal of
ambulacrum III is the longest and most deeply incised, extend-
ing nearly to the ambital margin, from which it continues to the
peristome as a narrow fissure. The anterolateral petals are
closed distally, not quite so deeply excavated as the odd anterior
petal, about three fifths as long, slightly flexuous, with a tend-
ency to be divergent distally. The petals of the bivium are nar-
row, deeply cut, about half the size of the antero-lateral pair,
diverging at such a small angle from the disc that they nearly
parallel the carina of the interambulacrum between them.

Although not clearly discermible, the poriferous area seems
to be wider ‘han the interporiferous zone. Pore-pairs are not
abundant, occurring as nearly horizontal slits, the outer pores
somewhat longer than the inner. The pore-pairs are lightly con-
jugate.

65Annales Soc. géol. Belgique, vol. 9, p. 19, pl. 2, figs. 5, 6, 1881.

68 BULLETIN 70C 232

Peripetalous fasciole very sinuous, closely following the mar-
gins of the petals. The lateral fasciole diverges from the peri-
petalous fasciole near the middle of the antero-lateral petals,
passing beneath the periproct.

Tubercles numerous, perforate, gradually increasing in size
from the adapical surface of the corona toward the ventral sur-
face, the largest tubercles occurring on the ventral surface be-
low the ambitus. Numerous fine granules are interspersed be-
tween the disc-like platforms on which the bosses of the tubercles
rest.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 42 mm.; width, 31 mm.;
height, 26 mm.

Remarks.—The outstanding feature of this species is the deep
excavation of the petals.

Comparisons.—This species is closely akin to Paraster lovent
(Cotteau) ®* from the Oligocene of Anguilla and from the Collazo
and San Sebastian shales of Porto Rico. The Cuban form differs
in being somewhat more elongate and in the more closely spaced
petals of the bivium. This species also recalls Schizaster armiger
Clark®” from the St. Stephens limestone of Upper Eocene age at
Cocoa, Alabama, U. S. A., but can be distinguished from the Ala-
bama form by its somewhat shorter petals of the bivium and
somewhat larger peristome.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Localities—Between Nuevitas and Pactelille, Province of
Camagtiey (Locality No. 3); doubtfully from Loma Calisto,
Province of Camagiiey (Locality No. 2) ; between Paso Real and
San Diego de Los Banos, Province of Pinar del Rio (Locality
ING, &)ye

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Paraster camagtieyensis Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 7, figs. Oa

Test thin, rather small, pentagonal in outline, truncate anterior-
ly, rostate posteriorly, the lateral margins very slightly diverging
from the anterior toward the posterior... The dorsal . face ,.is
swollen, with a marked downward slope from the posterior por-

66Kongl. Sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, No. 6, p. 29, pl. 5, figs. 9-13, 1875.
67U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 54, p. 152, pl. 70, figs. la-d, 1915.

233 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 69

tion of the test toward the anterior. Ventral surface barely con-
vex. The test is highest behind where it is vertically truncated.
Lateral margins rounded and swollen; anterior margin somewhat
less swollen than the lateral margins, with a very slight indenta-
tion in the ambitus at ambulacrum III.

Peristome a short distance from the anterior margin, not
clearly defined but apparently narrow, semilunar, with a some-
what projecting posterior labrum. Periproct moderately large,
circular, flush, in the posterior truncation below interambulacrum
5 which projects over it in eave-like fashion.

Apical disc markedly excentric posteriorly. The anterior am-
bulacrum III is the longest, deeply incised (more so near the
apex than at the margin), straight, subpetaloid. The petaloid
area of ambulacrum III extends from the disc to within a short
distance of the anterior margin, where unclosed, it extends as
a very shallow, wide sulcus to the peristomial margin. The
paired anterior ambulacra are deeply excavated, somewhat
shorter than ambulacrum III, flexuous and slightly divergent, not
quite closed distally, extending to within a short distance of the
margins. From the distal end of the antero-lateral petals a nar-
row suture may or may not extend part way on the ambitus.
The bivium is composed of two very short, wide petals, only
moderately excavated, rounded and nearly closed distally. The
petals of the bivium diverge from the disc at a rather sharp
angle and tend to converge posteriorly. The interambulacra are
swollen and pinched between the petals.

The character of the pores in the odd, anterior ambulacrum is
obscure. In the antero-lateral ambulacra and in the bivium, the
poriferous areas are much wider than the interporiferous zones.
The pore-pairs are only moderately numerous, slit-like, the outer
pores of a pair slightly longer than the inner.

The peripetalous fasciole is very sinuous. Around the petal
of ambulacrum III the fasciole is staple-shaped, not quite parallel
to the margins of the petal. In the interambulacra between the
odd anterior petal and those of the antero-laterals, the fasciole
forms a sharp angle and skirts around the distal ends of the later-
al petals. There is a somewhat less prominent lateral fasciole
which diverges from the peripetalous fasciole near the middle of
the antero-lateral petals.

70 BULLETIN 70C 234

The corona is covered with numerous, unequal tubercles, the
mamelons of which are perforated. The tubercles are largest
at the ambitus and in the area below the peristome. Small, ir-
regular granules occur numerously between the tubercles.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 25 mm.; width, 21 mm.;
height, 18 mm.

Remarks.—This species is characterized by its swollen test,
pentagonal shape, the markedly posterior situation of the apical
system and the very short petals of the bivium.

Comparisons.—The nearest West Indian species to which this
form is allied is Paraster subcylindricus (Cotteau)® from the
Eocene of St. Bartholomew. The Cuban species differs primar-
ily in the manner in which the peripetalous fasciole encircles the
ambulacra, following the margins of the petals more closely
than in subcylindricus. Other than this difference the two seem
identical if the figures in Cotteau’s work are reliable. Jackson
states however, that some liberty has been taken in the drawing
of the figures. The photographs given in Jackson’s paper®? show
subcylindricus to be considerably wider than the Cuban form and
differs as much in appearance from camagiieyensis as Cotteau’s
own figures of subcylindricus.

Paraster camagitieyensis is also very much like “Schizaster”
cubensis VOrbigny” but camagiieyensis is less cordate and with
a more decided posterior truncation.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Localities —Loma Calisto, Camagtiey Province (Locality No.
2) ; between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of Camagiiey (Lo-
catily No. 3) ; between Paso Real and San Diego de Los Bafios,
Province of Pinar del Rio (Locality No. 4).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Paraster pastelilloensis Weisbord, n. sp. Pl. 7, figs. 12-14

Test of moderate size, narrowly cordate in outline. Dorsal sur-
face tumid, higher posteriorly than anteriorly, obliquely trun-
cated behind, Ventral surface nearly flat, with a narrow, elon-

68Kongl. Sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, No. 6, p. 31, pl. 5, figs. 14-17, 1875.

69Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 78, pl. 13, fig. 10; pl. 14, figs. 1,
2; 1922.

70La Sagra, Hist. ‘fisica, politica y nat. de Cuba, vol. 8, pl. 8, figs. 4-6,
1842-59.

235 CuBAN EcHINoIDS: WEISBORD 71

gated carina extending from the base of the peristome part way
down to the anterior margin.

Peristome anterior, a short distance from the margin, widely
pentagonal, flush with the surface. Periproct well up on the
posterior truncation, circular, just under the sharp carination in
the middle of interambulacrum 5.

Apical disc subcentral, possibly excentric a bit anteriorly. Am-
bulacral areas well excavated, the petals of the antero-lateral
ambulacra subequal in size, wide, nearly twice as long as those
of the bivium which are also somewhat narrower. Ambulacrum
III extends unclosed to the dorsal edge of the ambitus whence
it continues as a wide, deep sulcus to the edge of the peristome.
The petals of the antero-lateral ambulacra are as wide or wider
than the odd, anterior petal, barely flexuous, with a tendency to
diverge distally. The petals of the bivium diverge from the apex
at a very small angle nearly paralleling the carina of the inter-
ambulacrum between them. The petals of the antero-lateral and
postero-lateral ambulacra tend to, but do not close distally. The
pore-pairs in ambulacrum III are not visible ; in the other petals
jhe poriferous area is much wider than the zone which separates
them. Pore-pairs not numerous, represented by nearly horizon-
tal, long slits of about equal length on each half of the petals.

The peripetalous fasciole borders the distal edge of the petals
of the trivium. On the posterior side of the antero-lateral petals
however, the fasciole tends to parallel the margins of the petals
for some distance toward the apex, then swerves sharply to bor-
der the distal ends of the petals of the bivium. A faint lateral
fasciole diverges from the peripetalous fasciole at the marginal
end of the antero-lateral petals continuing under the periproct.

Tubercles numerous, perforate, gradually increasing in size
from the adapical surface to the adoral surface, attaining their
largest size around the peristome. Fine granules are numerous-
ly interspersed between the disc-like platforms on which the
bosses of the tubercles rest.

Dimensions —Holotype, length, 26 mm.; width, 19 mm.,;
height, 17 mm.

Remarks —This species may be recognized by the nearly cen-
tral position of the apical disc, the subequal size of the petals of

72 BULLETIN 70C 236

the trivium, the widely pentagonal peristome, the nearly flat ven-
tral surface and the subequal size of the pores of the poriferous
zones.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Locahty.— Between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of Cama-
guey (Locality No. 3).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Paraster cubitabellae Weisbord, n. sp. JON, 5 isso I, IL

This species is described from a broken specimen on which one
side and the posterior face is missing. The test when whole
reaches a rather large size for the genus, is regularly ovate in
outline. Dorsal surface convex, moderately high, the greatest
height of the test inferred to be at the apex. Ventral surface
slightly convex, the plastron somewhat more so than the nearly
flat surface immediately next to it. Anterior margin swollen, im-
perceptibly indented where the anterior ambulacrum crosses the
ambitus.

Peristome excentric anteriorly, transversely pentagonal (?),
flush with the surface, bounded posteriorly by a moderately
prominent labrum. Periproct broken, presumably on the pos-
terior face in the antero-posterior plane of symmetry. Apical disc
partially missing, situated somewhat excentrically posteriorly.

Ambulacra diverse. The odd anterior ambulacrum is straight,
in a moderately shallow groove which expands somewhat toward
the margin. The groove dies out near the margin, the ambu-
lacrum continuing nearly flush in a barely perceptible sulcus to
the edge of the peristome. The antero-lateral ambulacra are
petaloid on the dorsal face, excavated, divergent, flexuous, the
petals not quite reaching the margin where they are nearly closed.
The ambulacra continue to the margins in a very shallow groove.
The bivium is composed of very short, rather wide petals, less
than half the length of the antero-laterals, also excavated, but
on this specimen not so much as the antero-laterals. The inter-
ambulacra are pinched at the apex.

The pores on the odd ambulacrum cannot be discerned. On
the other ambulacra the poriferous area is slightly wider than
the interporiferous zone. The antero-laterals are composed of
about 25 pore-pairs, the pores of which are subequal, elongate,

237 CuBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 73

not quite horizontal, conjugate. Postero-laterals with about 15
pore-pairs.

The plastron is not well defined from the ventral surface
proper, but is somewhat more convex.

Peripetalous fasciole distinct, rather broad, starting anteriorly
where the anterior groove of ambulacrum III has played out,
skirting the distal ends of the antero-lateral ambulacra without
entering the angles of the interambulacra. It follows the pos-
terior margin of the antero-laterals, then skirts the end of the
petals of the bivium. The lateral fasciole cannot be traced.

Tubercles rather numerous, subequal, becoming larger at the
anterior margin and around the peristome as well as on the plas-
tron. The tubercles are much smaller but more numerous on the
dorsal face around the apical disc and near the margins. The
tubercles are low, perforate, situated on semilunate discs. The
large tubercles are absent on the ambulacral paths and along the
sides of the plastron. Small granules, however, appear every-
where.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length approximated, 32 mm.; width
approximately, 27 mm. ; height at the apical disc, 23 mm.

Remarks—The outstanding features of this species are its
regular, ovate outline, even tumidity and very short postero-
lateral petals.

Comparisons.—This species at once recalls Paraster subcylin-
dricus Cotteau™ from the Eocene of St. Bartholomew, but differs
in having its apical disc not quite so excentric posteriorly.
Whether this is a constant difference cannot be ascertained since
there is only the one specimen in our collection. It seems well
to designate the Cuban form by a new name until more material
is available since the position of the apical disc is very impor-
tant in differentiating the various forms of Paraster in Cuba

This species also seems very similar to Jackson’s Paraster sp.
a from the Yellow Limestone (Eocene) of Jamaica which has

71Kongl. Sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, No. 6, p. 31, pl. 5, figs. 14-17,
1875.
72Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 79, 1922.

74. BULLETIN 70C 238

a high upper face “obliquely inclined from the highest point pos-
teriorly.’ Unfortunately the posterior portion of our specimen
is missing but so far as the writer can determine, the highest part
of our specimen is at the apical disc and not posteriorly.

Hawkins" compares two specimens from the Yellow Lime-
stone of Jamaica to Cotteau’s subcylindricus. The Jamaican
specimens differ only in having a slight curvature of the antero-
lateral petals. If this is the only difference, then our specimen
must also be different from the Jamaican forms in having the
apical disc more subcentral than that of the forms compared
with subcylindricus.

Paraster cubitabellae differs from Paraster pastelilloensis and
Paraster nuevitasensis described by the writer, in having a much
less prominent anterior groove which does not extend around the
ambitus to the peristome. It is much closer to Paraster cama-
gueyensis Weisbord but may be distinguished from it by its more
subcentral apical disc and by the character of the peripetalous
fasciole. On camagieyensis the fasciole enters well into the in-
terradii between ambulacrum III and the antero-laterals, where-
as in cubitabellae the fasciole is not flexuous anteriorly.

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Locality.— Between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Province of Cama-
guey (Locality No. 3).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Agassizia caribbeana Wisberod, n. sp. Pl. 8, figs. 1-6

Test of moderate size, ovate, slightly wider anteriorly than pos-
teriorly. Dorsal face moderately high, quite convex, evenly
rounded in front, somewhat sloping behind to the top of the pos-
terior truncation, the greatest height being at the apical disc.
Ventrally the corona is somewhat tumid below the ambitus, but
the flastron is nearly flat with perhaps a tendency toward con-
vexity. The posterior face is concavely truncate, the slope of
the truncation diverging somewhat from the vertical from the
ventral surface. Margins tumid. Plastron shield-like in shape,
elevated somewhat above the level of the adoral surface. The
sternum increases somewhat in elevation from the posterior end
where it is barely visible, to the labrum where it is somewhat

73Geol. Mag., vol. 61, No. 721, p. 319, 1924.

239 CuBAN EcHINOIDS: WEISBORD 75

more pronounced and considerably wider, though the sternum
cannot be said to be dominantly projecting as in Agassiz. inflata
Jackson.

The peristome is well anterior, about 7 mm. from the border,
transversely labiate, bordered posteriorly by a rather prominent
labrum. The periproct is large, seemingly diamond-shaped (?)
on the holotype, subpentagonal (?) on the paratype, situated on
the posterior face just below the low carina of the posterior in-
terambulacrum.

Apical disc strongly excentric posteriorly. Ambulacrum III in
a shallow, but moderately broad depression, straight, extending
not quite to the anterior margin where it is terminated by a nar-
row, lunate ridge. The paired anterior ambulacra are subpeta-
loid, extending to the dorsal slope of the ambitus, weaker dis-
tally than apically. The anterior row of pores are absent or
not visible, but the posterior row is well developed dorsally,
weaker marginally. The pore-pairs are not numerous, the outer
pores somewhat longer than the more ovate inner pores. The
ambulacra of the bivium are very short, moderately well exca-
vated, petaloid, the petals closed or nearly closed distally, with
both rows of pore-pairs developed, the outer row of a pair slit-
like, the inner somewhat ovate. Interporiferous zones very nar-
row, hardly discernible. Posterior interambulacrum with a low
carina.

Plastron ornamented with rows of tubercles diverging homo-
generously from the sternum to the edge of the plastron. These
tubercles are not scrobiculate but are perforate, occupying the
anterior corner of pentagonally oblong platforms on which they
rest. These platforms are somewhat concave. Both tubercles
and platforms decrease in size from the labrum toward the pos-
terior end of the plastron. The rest of the corona is covered
with numerous, subequal to unequal perforate tubercles resting
on disc-like platforms, surrounded by miliary granules. AMave
tubercles of the abactinal surface are fainter than those on the
ambitus.

The test has both a peripetalous and marginal fasciole. The
peripetalous fasciole encircles the distal ends of the petals of the
bivium, enters interradii 2 and 4, curving downward at the pos-
terior distal ends of the antero-lateral petals to join the marginal

76 BULLETIN 70C 240

fasciole. The marginal! fasciole encircles the ambitus forming a
“V” below the periproct.
Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 35 mm.; width, 28 mm.,;
height, 23 mm.
Paratype, length, 21 mm.; width, 18 mm.; height
15 mm.

Comparisons.—This species closely resembles Agassiz, inflata
Jaskson’* from the Eocene of St. Bartholomew, and dAgassizia
clevei Cotteau” from the Oligocene of Anguila. From Agassiz-
ia inflata the Cuban species may be distinguished by being less
high in proportion to its length, by its less strongly projecting
sternum and nearly flat plastron. From Agassizia clever our
species differs in having its apical system even more excentric
posteriorly. With a larger suite of specimens, this latter dif-
ference may be shown not to hold, yet the position of the apical
disc is distinctly enough different to tentatively regard the Cuban
form as new.

Geologic Horizon—Upper Eocene.

Localities —Loma Calisto, Camagtiey Province (Locality No.

2); between Nuevitas and Pastelillo, Comogtiey Province (Lo-
cality No. 3).
Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

Brissus camagtieyensis Weisbord, n. sp. iI, O, ims, il, 2

A single specimen in our collection seems to be new, and al-
though broken posteriorly possibly warrants a description.

Test of moderate size, ovoid, somewhat wider anteriorly than
posteriorly, rounded in front with an imperceptible groove des-
ignating the position of the odd, anterior ambulacrum. Margins
swollen, slightly less so anteriorly than laterally. Dorsal surface
moderately convex, with a slight slope from the anterior to the
posterior part of the test. Ventral surface nearly flat at the an-
terior margin of the peristome, but somewhat swollen behind.
Posteriorly the corona is inferred to be subcarinate.

Peristome partially destroyed, but probably large, semicir-
cular (?), 8 mm. from the anterior margin. Periproct not vis-
74Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 70, pl. 12, figs. 2-4, 1922.

75Kongl. Sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, No. 6, p. 38, pl. 6, figs. 2-8; not
9, 10 (fide Jackson), 1875.

241 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD ah

ible.
Apical disc small, well excentric anteriorly, the four genital
plates perforated, the pores of interambulacra 2 and 3 smaller
and closer together than the pores of interambulacra 1 and 4.
The latter are not equal in size, the pore of interambulacrum 4
being the larger. Ambulacra II and IV show a small pit at the
apical disc and these may possibly be the perforations of the ocu-
lar plate. The ambulacra of the bivium also show these pits
but there they are not so clearly defined. The madreporite ex-
tends from the right anterior genital centrally then posteriorly,
separating the postero-lateral genial and ocular plates.

Ambulacra diverse. Ambulacrum III is virtually flush, with
an imperceptible furrow, elongate, narrow, with small tubercles
and miliary granules. The poles are not visible. The antero-
lateral ambulacra are very divergent nearly forming a straight
transverse line, with a slight tendency to curve anteriorly at their
ends. These ambulacra are petaloid, nearly closed distally, ex-
tending not quite to the margin, lightly excavated. Poriferous
areas much wider than the intervals separating them, with some-
what unequal pore-pairs, the outer pores of a pair somewhat
more elongate than the inner. Bivium petaloid, the petals longer
than those of the antero-lateral ambulacra, diverging from the
disc at a sharp angle, and reaching only part way down the ab-
actinal surface. They appear to be slightly deeper than the an-
tero-lateral ambulacra, diverging from the disc at a sharp angle,
and reaching only part way down the abactinal surface. They
appear to be slightly deeper than the antero-laterals and have no
tendency to curve distally. Poriferous area, pore-pairs and in-
terporiferous zone like that on ambulacra II and IV.

Peripetalous fasciole faintly inscribed, sinuous. In interambu-
lacra 2 and 3 the fasciole makes a “U”-shaped loop anterior to
the antero-lateral petals, then skirts them distally. In interam-
bulacra 1 and 4 the fasciole curves well toward the apex before
skirting the petals of the bivium. Posteriorly its contour is not
known.

Corona with unequal tubercles. On the dorsal surface the
tubercles tend to be larger and stronger anteriorly than margin-
ally, particularly in the area adjoining the odd, anterior ambu-
lacrum. On the ambitus and ventral surface the tubercles are

78 BULLETIN 70C 242

somewhat larger than those on the central and posterior part of
the dorsal surface. Many small, subequal granules are inter-
spersed hetween the tubercles.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length inferred, 40 mm.; width,
32 mm. ; height, 26 mm.

Comparisons.—So far as the writer is aware, this species is
quite distinct from any other recorded in the West Indies. It
is readily distinguished from Brissus exiguus Cotteau™® from the
Oligocene of Anguilla and Miocene (?) of Trinidad by its larger
size and with its widest part anteriorly instead of posteriorly as
in exiguus. D’Orbigny’s figures of Brissus columbaris™ Agas-
siz somewhat resembles Brissus camagiieyensis, but columbaris is
widest posteriorly, and the antero-lateral ambulacra tend to di-
verge posteriorly instead of anteriorly as in camagiieyensis. In-
cidentally Jackson’ lists columbaris as synonymous with Brissus
brissus (Leske).

Geologic Horizon.—Upper Eocene.

Locality.—Loma Calisto, Camagtiey Province (Locality No.
BD).

Holotype.—-Paleontological Research Institution.

Eupatagus siboneyensis Weisbord, n. sp. Il 3, 1aSs, 7, 8

Cf. Brissoides carolinensis Lambert (not Clarki), Bol. de Minas, Habana,

No. 10, p. 5, 1926.
The generic designation of this species is doubtful having been

determined from two broken specimens. One of these shows
the actual surface nearly entire but with the anterior portion
missing; the other shows very faintly a part of ambulacrum III,
a portion of interambulacrum 2, the distal end of ambulacrum II,
most of interambulacrum 1 and ambulacrum I and a portion of
the posterior interambulacrum. The forms show no trace of any
fascioles and hence would seem to fall in the division Adetes of
the family Spantangidae. The absence of fascioles, however, is
believed to be due to the weathering of the specimens, and the
writer thinks that better preserved material will show them to
be present. If fascioles are present as suspected the genus would
seem to be Eupatagus.

76Kongl. Sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, No. 6, p. 35, pl. 6, figs. 16-18, 1875.
77La Sagra, Historia fiscia, politica y nat. de Cuba, vol. 8, pl. 8, figs. 7-10,

1842-59.
78Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306, p. 87, 1922.

Ovals} CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 79

Test rather large, ovoid, slightly broader anteriorly than pos-
teriorly. Dorsal surface moderately convex, low. Ventral sur-
face flat anteriorly, concave at and around the peristomial de-
pression, and rather strongly convex posteriorly. Margins swol-
‘en, the anterior broken so that it is not known if it is regular!y
rounded or notched, though the writer’s surmise is that it may
be lightly sulcate. Posteriorly the test is subtruncate.

The peristome is large, excentric anteriorly, the details of its
structure unknown. Plastron smooth, worn-looking elevated
posteriorly, with a low, irregular elevation at the margins form-
ing the projection of the postero-lateral ambulacra. Periproct
in the posterior face, probably large.

Apical disc excentric anteriorly, its details completely obliter-
ated by adhering rock. The odd, anterior ambulacrum seemingly
flush, non-petaloid, probably with small pores. The lateral am-
bulacra unequal in size, the anterior pair shorter than the pos-
terior, nearly flush. The antero-laterals seem to be somewhat
open distally, but this may be due to the weathering at their
outer end. The posterior pair are nearly closed distally. On
both pairs the poriferous area is equal to or a trifle wider than
the zone between them. Pore-pairs not numerous, slightly sunk-
en, the pores of a pair nearly equal in size, slit-like in character.

The ornamentation of the test consists of unequally sized per-
forate and crenulate primary tubercles. On the dorsal surface
the tuberc'es are few in number, situated on the interradii around
the apical disc. The rest of the ventral surface is nearly smooth
except for faint granules occurring on it. The areolar area of
the tubercles is granulate. The margins are nearly smooth, but
ventratly the tubercles grow stronger and larger in size from the
margins inward. The tubercles are largest and of equal size in
the interradii bordering the plastron, situated on platforms whose
posterior edges merge with the test and whose anterior edges
obliquely project.

Around the peristome the ambulacral system is stellate and
punctate.

Dimensions—Holotype, length approximated, 53 mm.; width
anteriorly, 38 mm. ; height posteriorly, estimated, 20 mm.

80 BULLETIN 70C 244

Comparisons.—This interesting species is very much like
Eupatagus carolinensis Clark’? from the Castle Hayne Limestone
of Eogene age at Wilmington, North Carolina, U. S. A, The
Cubian form may be distinguished from it by its somewhat more
elongate shape and by its more prominent posterior keel on the
ventral surface. The Cuban form may also be compared with
Eupatagus alatus Arnold and Clark*® from Jamaica but may be
differentiated by its more regular and less angulate outline and
by its prominent posterior carination on the actinal face.

This species may be the one referred to as Brissoides carolin-
ensis by Lambert*?. While Roig’s publication “Los Equinoder-
mos Fosiles de Cuba” was in press he received, and inserted in
his introduction, a letter from Lambert stating the results of
his study of a number of Cuban forms which had been sent him
by Roig. In Lambert’s list of species occurs the name Brissoides
carolinensis from Loma Calisto, the same locality of the species
under discussion. It seems quite probable that Lambert’s Bris-
soides carolinensis 1s Eupatagus siboneyensis described herein by
the writer, Lambert considering the Cuban species identical with
that of Clark’s from North Carolina, calling it under the generic
name of Brissoides instead of Eupatagus. In the writer’s opin-
ion the Cuban species, though certainly very close to the ones
from North Carolina, is not the same as carolinensis, differing in
being more elongate and having a more elevated keel posteriorly.
Hence the new name of Eupatagus siboneyensis is suggested.

This species is very similar to Brissoides stefamimu*'a Lmbert
and Roig also from Loma Caiisto, Camaguey Province, Cuba, but
differs in having shorter posterior petals and smaller tubercles.

Geologic Hor.zon.—Upper Eocene. °

Locahty—Loma Calisto, Camaguey Province (Locality No.
2).

Holotype.—Paleontological Research Institution.

OLIGOCENE SPECIES

79U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 54, p. 153, pl. 71, figs. 3a-d, 4, 1915.

80Mus. Comp. Zool. Mem., vol. 50, No. 1, p. 68, pl. 18, figs. 4-7, 1927.

81Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 5, 1926.

81a Mem. Inst. Nac. de Investigaciones Cientificas, vol. 1, p. 148, figure on
top of page 149, 1929.

245 CUBAN ECHINOIDS: WEISBORD 81

Echinolampas cf. semiorbis Guppy Plate 9, figs. 3,4
' i semiorbis Guppy, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, vol.

5 Do AE), oll, TMS) snes, 7/5 IUSGKG.

ere SE miorbis Cotteau, Kongl. Sven. Vet. Handl., vol, 13, No.

HG, 06 2A, Bigs I 2s voll 6, fig. iL 1875.

Echinolampas semiorbis Cotteau, Annales Soc. géol. Belgique, vol. 9, p.
23, 1881.

Echinolampas semiorbis Cotteau, Paléont. Francaise, Terrains. Tert.,
vol. 2, p. 153,

Echinolampas semiorbis Cotteau, Bol. Comision Mapa Geol. de Espaiia,
vol. 22, p. 50, pl. 17, figs. 1, 2, 11897.

_Echinolampas semiorbis Lambert, Mem. Soc. d’Agric. de 1’Aube (Troyes),
WO, 15 10s AO, IES,

Echinolampas semiorbis Jackson, Carnegie Inst. Washtingon, pub. 306,
_p. 58, pl. 10, figs. 1-3, 1922,

Echinolampas semiorbis Vaughan, Carnegie Inst. Washington, pub. 306,
pp. 114, 115, 121, 1922.

Echinolampas semiorbis Roig, Bol. de Minas, Habana, No. 10, p. 76,
1926.

A somewhat distorted specimen of large size seems to be refer-
able to this species. The margins are sharper and the actinal
surface much more concave than in typical forms from Anguilla,
but it is presumed that this difference is due to crushing.

Dimensions.—Length, 100 mm.; width approximated, 98 mm. ;
height approximated, 45 mm.

Reported Localhties—Anguilla - Crocus Bay Hill, roadside
descent to Crocus Bay from valley (Vaughan). Crocus Bay,
and southwest side of Crocus Bay (Vaughan). From the An-
guilla formation, Upper Oligocene.

Panama - Las Cascadas, Gaillard Cut,
Panama Canal Zone (MacDonald and Vaughan). From the Em-
perador Limestone of Oligocene age.

Cuba - Finca Carillo, near Hanabana
River, El Caimito, Province of Pinar del Rio (de-la-Tore), Olig-
ocene. San Martin, Province of Matanzas (Cotteau). Finca
Cervantes, San José de Las Lajas, Habana Province (Roig),
probably Upper Oligocene. Near the city of Holguin, Oriente
Province (Roig). Alcala y Baguanos, Holguin, Oriente Pro-
vince (Roig).

Reported Geologic Horizon.—Oligocene.

Present Locality—K-440, central highway of Cuba, Province
of Camagtiey (Locality No. 5).

Echinolampas camagiieyensis Weisbord, n. sp. ; Pl. 8, figs. 9-11
“Test large, suborbicular, slightly longer than wide. Dorsal

82 BULLETIN 70C 246

surface moderately convex, maximum convexity at the apex.
Ventral surface slightly tumid, somewhat concave except at the
peristome where there is a marked depression.

Peristome moderately large (7 mm. in diameter), pentagonally
transverse, sunken, somewhat excentric anteriorly. Periproct
broken, but apparently situated at the margin, large, probably
transversely ovate as in Echinolampas anguillae Cotteau.

Apical disc subcentral. Ambulacral areas petaloid or subpet-
aloid, open distally, extending not quite to the dorsal margin,
continuing around the ambitus as thin, lightly incised sutures.
The ambulacra are usually widest on the ambitus, but occasion-
ally they are widest in the central part of the petal. There is
usually a slight constriction at the distal-end of the petaloid por-
tion of the ambulacra. Petals subequal to unequal in length and
width with no apparent consistency on the two specimens in the
collection. Poriferous avenues about one third or one fourth
as wide as the interporiferous zones. Pore-pairs rather numer-
ous, somewhat oblique, strongly conjugate, the outer pores slit-
like, the inner pores rounder. Interporiferous areas slightly con-
vex, with about 11 tubercles in a row in the widest parts.

Numerous, small, subequal, scrobiculate and imperforate tu-
bercles ornament the corona, those around the peristomial de-
pression somewhat larger and less numerous than those on the
adapical surface and on the ambitus.

Dimensions.—Holotype, length, 64 mm.; width, 59 mm.;
height, 26 mm.

This species resembles Echinolampas lycopersicus Guppy*® and
Echinolampas anguillae Cotteau®*. It differs from the Oligocene
lycopersicus in being larger, somewhat more orbicular and less
high in comparison to its length. The height of lycopersicus 1s
about half its length, whereas the Cuban species is less than half
as high as it is long. This form is even closer to Echinolampas
unguillae, but seemingly differs in again being less high and ‘n
having the apical disc subcentral instead of excentric anteriorly
as in anguillae.

Geologic Horizgon.—Oligocene.

82Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 22, p. 300, pl. 19, fig. 8, 1866.
838Kongl. Sven. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13,/ No. 6, p. 24, pl. 4, figs. 6-8, 1875.

247 * QOUBAN EcuINows: WEISBORD | 83

Locality.—K-440, central highway of Cuba, Province of Cam-
aguey (Locality No. 5).
Agassizia camagiieyana Weisbord, n. sp. IPN, 5 ses, 5, 3
This species is characterized by its flattened test, a character

somewhat unusual in the genus. The single specimen is some-
what distorted and the flattening may be due of course to crush-
ing, but the writer believes that although this is true to a certain
extent, the form is normally appressed. . ie

Test fragile, subovate, moderate in size, somewhat truncated
posteriorly. Upper face depressed, somewhat convex ; lower
face slightly convex at the margins, flat across the plastron. Mar-
gins moderately swollen.

Peristome well excentric anteriorly, transverse, semilunar in
shape, with a posterior labrum. Periproct obscure, but pre-
sumably in the posterior truncation. Apical disc somewhat ex-
centric posteriorly, its details obscured.

Ambulacra diverse, the anterior in a shallow depression which’
extends to the margin. Its pores cannot be seen. The antero-
lateral ambulacra are divergent, open, in a depression somewhat
shallower than that of ambulacrum III. Anterior column of
pore-pairs absent, the posterior column with horizontal, sub-
equal, comma-shaped pores, the widest part of the pores adradi-
al, the more pointed end, perradial. Postero-!ateral ambulacra
very short, somewhat more deeply impressed than the others, with
two normal columns of pore-pairs, the pores subequal, the in-
terporiferous zones extremely narrow. The posterior interambu-
lacrum with a subdued carina extending from the disc toward
the posterior margin.

A peripetalous fasciole borders the distal ends of the petals
of the postero-lateral ambulacra, enters the angles of interam-
bulacra 1 and 4, curving near the ends of ambulacra Mandalwe
to join a lateral fasciole which passes around the test below the
periproct. 7

The plastron is flat, somewhat elevated, triangular.

In the area of the trivium, up to the peripetalous fasciole, are
numerous, scrobiculate, perforate tubercles surrounded by gran-
ulate areolas. In the depression of ambulacrum III only mili-

84 BULLETIN 70C 248

ary granules occur, as well as in the interspaces separating the
pore-pairs of the antero-lateral ambulacra. Below the peripeta-
lous fasciole and at the apical disc posterior to ambulacra II and
IV are somewhat smaller tubercles resting on lunate platforms
with miliary granulation between them. On the ventral surface
the tubercles become larger, less numerous off the plastron, more
abundant on it.

Dimensions —Holoytpe, length, 29 mm.; width, 26 mm.;
height, 15 mm.

Remarks.—This interesting species is characterized by its
compressed form and unique tuberculation.

Geologic Horizon.—Oligocene.

Locality.—K-440, central highway of Cuba, Province of
Camagtiey (Locality No. 5).

PLATES

Plates furnished by the author

86 BULLETIN 70C

EXPLANATION OF PLATE I

Upper Cretaceous Species
Figure

Goniopygus supremus Hawkins — _—_ _ plese pee See

1. Dorsal surface of test. Naturai size
2. Ventral surface of same specimen
3. Side view of same specimen

Codiopsis ciae Lambert 2s) Cala! 2S a oe ne

4, View of dorsal surface, somewhat enlarged

5. Side view of same specimen

6. Ventral surface of same specimen, about natural size
Coenholectypus cubae Hawkins —_ ___ Oh tani he hl eee

7. Lateral surface of test, x 1.5. Subglobular variety
8. Lateral surface of another specimen, somewhat enlarged. Note

character of the ambulacral plates

9. Dorsal surface of a depressed variety, enlarged
10. Lower face of depressed variety, x 1.75

Lanieria lanieri (d’Orbigny) (oes Bi Oe evap eos tan aL a se ee

11. Lateral view of pentagonal variety, x 1.5

12. Lateral view of pentagonal variety, x 1.5. Another specimen

13. Lateral view of variety with flattened base, somewhat en-
larged. Note character of ambulacral plates

14. Another specimen of the same variety, somewhat enlarged

15. Lateral view of globular variety, x 1.5

16. Lateral view of another specimen, about natural size

17. Upper surface of figure 12, x 1.5

18. Upper surface of another specimen of the pentagonal variety,
xB

19. Side view of same specimen, showing periproct, x 1.5

20. Lower surface of globular variety, about natural size

250

Page

18

25

PL. 20, Vol. 20 BULL. AMER. PALEONT. No. 70C, PL. 1 |

oh
ay
si ke

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2

88

Figure

UV Wo

BULLETIN 70C 252

EXPLANATION OF PLATE IT
Upper Cretaceous Species
Page

Echinobrissus cubensis Weisbord, n. sp. PIF)

Dorsal surface of test, about natural size. Holotype
Ventral surface of test of another specimen
Lateral view of the holotype

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Lateral view of the same specimen

Dorsal surface of another specimen, slightly enlarged. Broad
variety

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Cassidulus cubensis Weisbord, n. sp. 28

Upper surface of test, slightly reduced. Holotype
Lower surface of the same specimen
Side view of the same specimen

Hemiaster cf. antillensis Cotteau 34

Dorsal surface of test, about natural size

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Lateral view of the same specimen. The declivity of the upper
face as shown is more apparent than real and is caused by
the broken character of interambulacrum 3 as shown in fig-
ure 12. The specimen is oriented with the posterior face to
the right

IN@s ZUKE, IML. 2

PL. 21, Vol. 20 BULL. AMER. PALEON

I. Ben
erate ta
ae

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3

90

Figure

oO

go Sl

BULLETIN 70C

EXPLANATION OF PuaTE III

Upper Cretaceous Species

Clypeopygus habanensis Weisbord, n .sp.

Dorsal surface of test, slightly reduced. Holotype

Ventral surface of the same specimen. Peristome obscured

Lateral surface of the same specimen. The posterior face
is to the left.

Hemiaster madrugensis Weisbord, n. sp.

Dorsal surface of test, slightly reduced. Holotype
Ventral surface of the same specimen
Lateral view of the same specimen, slightly enlarged

Hemiaster siboneyensis Weisbord, n. sp.

Dorsal surface of test, natural size. Holotype
Ventral surface of the same specimen
Lateral surface of the same specimen. The posterior trun-
cation is to the right.
.,. Upper Eocene Species

Cidaris aff. loveni Cotteau

View of an interambulacrum, natural size

15.

? Diadema principeana Weisbord, n. sp. _-__-__-

Lateral view of test, somewhat enlarged. Holotype
Dorsal surface of the same specimen
Ventral surface of the same specimen

Jacksonaster acunai Roig

Dorsal surface of a young specimen, x 1.25. Pentagonal var-
iety
Jacksonaster cf. sanchezi Roig

Dorsal surface of a young specimen, x 1.25

254

35

37

39

41

43

46

BULL. AMER. PALEONT. No. 70CG, PL. 3

PL. 22, Vol. 20

ISXPLANATION OF PLATE 4

92

Figure

BG

BULLETIN 70C 256

EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV
Upper Eocene Species

Jacksonaster acunai Roig WW _. 0 oes 43

Dorsal surface of test, about natural size. Pentagonal variety

Lower surface of the same specimen

Lower surface of another specimen of the elliptical variety,
somewhat reduced

Side view of figure 1

Jacksonaster sanchezi Roig 2 ee eee 46

Upper surface of test, about natural size
Lower surface of the same specimen
Side view of the same specimen

Laganum cubanum Weisbord, n. sp. - ~~~ —. 48

Upper surface of test, slightly reduced. Holotype
Lower surface of the paratype, slightly reduced
Side view of the holotype, about natural size

BULL. AMER. PALEONT. No. 70C, PL. 4

PL. 23, Vol. 20

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5

94.

Figure

GB OA ES

52 G2 5

10.
11.
12.

13.

14.

BULLETIN 70C

EXPLANATION OF PLATE V

Upper Eocene Species

Peronella quinquenodulata Weisbord, n. sp. i

Dorsal surface of test, x 1.5. Holotype. The rim around the
test may be due to weathering

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Side view of the same specimen

Peronella ‘cubae Wielsbord nes py ee

Dorsal surface of test, x 1.5. Holotype
Ventral surface of the same specimen”
Side view of the same specimen

Peronella caribbeana Weisbord, n. sp.

Dorsal face of test, x 1.5. Holotype
Ventral surface of the same specimen, x 1.5. Periproct missing
Side view of the same specimen, x 1.5

Scutella cubae Weisbord, n. sp. . -_--_-________

Upper surface of test, slightly reduced. Holotype
Lower surface of the same specimen
Side view of the same specimen, about natural size

Scutella camagtieyana Weisbord, n. sp. —---..-—---

Upper surface of a portion of the test, somewhat reduced.
Holotype
Lower surface of the same specimen, somewhat reduced

Page

50

53

52

55

56

PL. 24, Vol. 20 BULL. AMER. PALEONT. No. 70C, PL. 5

ISxPLANATION OF PLATE 6

96

Figure

DANE

16

BULLETIN 70C

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VI

Upper Eocene Species

Pauropygus cf. clarki Lambert LOS Bee ie ena cece ae Ae a

Dorsal surface of test, x 2. The somewhat appressed posterior
portion is due to crushing

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Side view of the same specimen

Oligopygus sanchezi Lambert Sige Ay. (0M Eee LAN oy aed eet ee

Dorsal surface of test, natural size

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Side view of the same specimen. Anterior end to the right

Dorsal surface of another specimen, about natural size

Side view of the same specimen. Anterior end to the left. Al-
though not clearly shown. the anterior end is slightly thick-
er than the posterior, but not so much £0 as in figure 4

Dorsal surface of stil] another specimen about natural size.
Very close to Oligepygus haldermani (Conrad) from the

Ocala Limestone (Upper Eocene) of Florida, U. S. A.

Dorsal surface cf a third specimen, natural size

Ventral surface of same specimen

Side view of same specimen. Anterior end to the left

Dorsal view of a specimen, questionably referable to this
species, natural size

Dorsal surface of a young specimen, x 1.75

Another young specimen x 1.75

260

60

PL. 25, Vol. 20 BULL. AMER. PALEONT. — No. 70C€, PL. 6

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 7

98

Figure

oo DO

oon

10.

15.

16.

BULLETIN 70C

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VII

Upper Eocene Species

Tarphypygus notabilis Arnold and Clark — = sss

Dorsal surface of test, x 1.25
Ventral surface of the same specimen
Lateral surface of the same specimen

Echinolampas nuevitasensis Weisbord, n. sp.
Dorsal surface of test. natural size. Holotype

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Lateral surface of the same specimen

Paraster nuevitasensis Weisbord, n. sp. __- 5 Suet AE

Dorsal surface of test, slightly reduced. Holotype
Ventral surface of the same specimen

Paraster camagiieyensis Weisbord, n. sp... ss sees
Dorsal surface of test, slightly enlarged. Holotype

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Lateral surface of the same specimen. Posterior truncation
to the left

Paraster pastelilloensis Weisbord, n. sp... esses

Dorsal surface of test, slightly enlarged. Holotype

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Lateral surface of the same specimen. Posterior end to the
right °

Paraster cubitabellae Weisbord, n. sp. = ae

Dorsal surface of broken specimen, about natural size. Holo-

type
Ventral surface of the same specimen

262

Page
63

65

67

68

70

72.

PL. 26, Vol. 20 BULL. AMER. PALEONT. No. 70C, PL. 7

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5

100

Figure

Pop NE

10.
11.

BuLuetin 70C 264

EXPLANATION oF PLATE VIII

Upper Eocene Species

Page

Agassizia caribbeana Weisbord, n. sp. : eee piesa a: 74
Dorsal surface of test, natural size. Holotype

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Lateral surface of the same specimen

Dorsal surface of paratype, x 1.25

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Lateral surface of the same specimen

Eupatagus siboneyensis Weisborn, n. sp. 738

Ventral surface of a broken specimen, See iy enon: Holo-
type
Side view of the same specimen, slightly reduced
Oligocene Species

Echinolampas camagiieyensis Weisbord, n. sp... - —-_____ 81
Dorsal surface of test, somewhat reduced. Holotype

Ventral surface of the same specimen

Side view of the same specimen, about natural size

PL. 27, Vol. 20 BULL. AMER. PALEONT. 7 No: Z0C1PL 8

a

4

ae

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 9

102

Figure

oh

BULLETIN 70C 266

EXPLANATION OF PLATE IX

Upper Eocene Species

Page
Brissus camagtieyensis Weisbord, n. sp. 76
Dorsal surface of a partial specimen, about natural size. Holo-
type
Ventral surface of the same specimen
Oligocene Species
Echinolampas cf. semiorbis Guppy — ee 81

Ventral surface of test, about natural size

Side view of the same specimen, somewhat reduced

Agassizia camagitieyana Weisbord, n. sp. eee 83
Dorsal surface of test, slightly reduced. Holotype

Ventral surface of the same specimen

» FOC, PLs 9

No

AMER. PALEONT.

BULL

PL. 28, Vol. 20

INDEX, VOL. XX

Note.—Light-face figures refer to the paging of the volume, not to the
separate Bulletins; heavy face figures refer to the salenne plate

numbering.

Netaeconell ape
gigas _.
laevis —~
peruviana

Adkins

Agassizia camagiieyana 28
2

earibbeana
Agria ef. Blumenbachi
Ammonites
acutocarinatus
carbonarius
peruvianus
Anatimya prisca
Anatina ety cae
ENO NANG, - se ee
Royana
semiradiata
Antigena
Anisocardia
IN CHIC Ane te ee eee
Astarte P
debilidens
Asterocoenia
calixtoensis
guantanamensis — 17
inerustans sete |
nuevitasensis 17

Ber ae ee
Bigenerina pennatula =
Bolivina mexicana —— 13
Bosworth
Brissus camagiieyensis 28
Briiggen
Beh 2 eee See
Bulimina aculeata
HOUSE, ee oe, cee}

Cally peracagee =e
chelonites
hopkinsi

Calyptrophorus
septentrionalis ____

Cancrisesacia 14

Gardium (222
amotapense
THES@IM “se 5

Cassidulina subglobosa

Catopygus jeanneti ei

Cavulina communis —-— 12

Ceriopora globulus —..

Gerithium, =
a ———— 10

Chilostomella sp. 13
8,71 Cibicides mexicana — 15
14 trinitatensis 15

10 Cibicorbis herricki _ 16

9 10,12,13.71 Cicatrea
XK

6,81 Cidaris aff. loveni - 22
947 Clavulina Oihesce
938 Clavulina shales

14,18,46 Codiopsis ciae _. 20

Coenholectypus cubae 20
76 Conchotyra
76 Copa Sombrero forma-

75 tion

38 Corals, Well

38 Corbula :
13,38 one aanlasots 6

2 OU nS) meee a eee

38 Ctictellaria’ ‘ealear __..

54 eymboides —

53 LOISITIOS Aine eeeeenae

13 DAapUlosaas ==

43 subpapillosa —

13,43 Cryptorhytis a
Cuba, Foraminifera ee
149 Cucullaea brevis

151 aff. Matheroniana —
150 Cycloclypeus papillo-
150 SiG) a2 hs eee 12
Cyprina “eordialis Ane e A
6,32 aff. Ligeriensis ——
17,46 D
ily Dew, —
120 Dentalina adolphina zn
8 elegantissima 12
240 Wemaewillh,
GueDesiiilerae ee
305 persica, 2S
120 peLuviana 4

120 Diadema principeana ~22
Discobrina sacharina _—
19 Wows
68ieD ouvill ee
TWH IDOE, a
68 sp.

126 Echinobrissus cubensis 21

13,51 Echinolampus cama-
16,51 gueyensis
16,52 nuevitasensis 26
127 ef. semiorbis —. 28
194 Ehrenbergina navalis _16
112 Serrata, 225. eanewe 16
133 Ellipsonodosaria crypto-
66 Costar See 14
17,66 ellipsoides _.-._____ 13

367

Ellipsonodosaria tuck-
ere , el aa
verneuili : 4 2 tlt

Enallaster texanus :
Entosolenia staphyllear-

Ta. py aS
Eponides ‘ponderosa 14
Eupatagus siboneyen-

sis Op) Oct Sime NONE,
Eusebia

gregoryi

stantoni —— eager
Exogyra polygona

F

Fasciolaria

ef. Bleicheri

? @allajone . a... 4
Favia weisbordi_ - 18
Fissurina staphyllearia
Forbes
Fritzsche
Fusus Assailleyi

Bleicheri

Gabb
Gerhardt
Gerth
Glauconia (Pseudoglau-
conia) sp.
Globeigerina
Globorotalia menardii 14
Goniopora taberi
Goniopygus supremus 20
Gypsina globulus

Hadley, W. H., author
of Bulletin 70A ——
Hantkenina alabamen-

Haug
Helicoceras
Sp Se 10
Heliopora benneti
Hemiaster cf. antillen-
sis
madrugensis
siboneyensis
Hippurites chilensis ——
organisans
Hodson
Holectypus
Paulckii
plonauye numismal-

Icanotia
peruviana
Iddings

Inoceramus
erippsi
Siccensis
sp.
Tsocardia
pananga 2
wiedeyi : a

Jacksonaster acunai 22,23

sanchezi

Karsten

4 Knemiceras

L
Laganum cubanum 23
Lagena formosa 1
Lanieria lanieri 20
Lapeirousia :
Laticarinina Pauperate 15
calear aoe
TOUAINOSE) 2 2 = 1
papillosa 12
subpapilosa

Lepidocyclina subglo-
oe 21}

pene

Male Galilawasyae eee
Mactra sp.
Marginulina eymboides 12
Mianiinyayee MIMD Be

Melanatria sp.
Melina

ek Sees ees 10
peruviana ___ 10
Modiola concentrice-
costellata
Modiolus
Fittoni
TUNIS So A
portunus
THON@IPSIS
Monte Grande forma-
tion
Mrhilaia nerinaeformis
Munier-Chalmas
Myopholas peruvi
peruviana
Myophoria spiralis
Mytilus
semiradiatus

lil,

1G,

SUINENHIS 7 16, 35

N
Nautilus calear _______ 115
obliquiarusy == 116
emailer 112
pompiloides — 118
ae peseaaue 4
Neithea —_ mel 31
alpina subsp. Dash 13, 31
Nerinea Uae 8,12, 63
Conimbricata 65
ID Clan ee | 65
INIQWIPIE ASE, 2 L 65
Ciaimicayataw=ee 65
Olisponensis —.____ 65
peruviana ____. ____10 13,638, 65
IQUE eS ene 6
Nodosaria erbessina __12 116
jomexaenine 2 IR 116
Ololiq aie, 2 12 116
Nonion pompilioides __13 118
O
Oligopygus sanchezi _25 224
Olsson a Feast 9,11, 46
Operculina ocalana __ 13 118
Onmbi eave ee ee ets 4, 46
Ombvenya eee AT
OeVennen, sf} 16, 48
Orbulina universa —____ 129
OStie aie eee ee rears 27
ENPWVADSINSMS 28
INGICR WISN, 4
stappenbecki > seein 3 16, 27
Oxytropidoceras _.... 75
lelikniap ieee tei
Git, [KeWeS SIN ee la US, 73
Tea UleRmG Neo TGeednd
ORANGE) fe lil W218), (75)
peruvianum _—.__ UG, tt
Pananga formation —— iil, 12
Rea Gl@ AVAbIGe Ie 12, 13
ESET gU(0)) OX ca anv ee ee 58
[erry sles eee ee 7 13, 58
Paral conilae ee 62
Wanlan(ca)=sseeeeeee 10 62
Por camagueyen-
SS) 22 ee ed EP eee 232
onal ieee serie 26 236
nuevitasensis _____ 26 231
pastelilloensis —_ 26 234
Pauropyga ef. clarki __25 221
Pecten alatus 4
Shawty = eee oO.
Pectunculus petschorae 23
Peronella caribbeana _24 216
cubae FS eee ee 24 PANT
quinquenodulata —_ 24 214
Peneuwal aces seer te nae et 8, 72
Pe nyt niyge eeeee e 9

13,72, 73

JPa@lleclomnye,
houghiti 5
multicostata

Pironaea
peruviana
polystyla ____

Placenticeras sp. — - Bin

Planorbulina larvata 16

Planularia, sp. - 16

Planulina marialana 15
matanzasensis 15
mexicana ese 15

Playa Tortugas

Plectofrondicularis
vaughani —__ _ 13

Pleurostomella alter-
ans
brevis

Plicatula
Flattersi ee
INAINSMANNE, 2

Protocardium sp. —

Pseudocucullaea — -
enegoryil 2 8
JOGMEN EINE, Le

Pseudoglauconia — _
lissoni

Pseudoliva

ibe Sele

DivehoniWa a :
lON@MVIN: oe
Ingys@rmi :

Rivioma Sr

IPAS = Se v3
2eypraeformis _... 9
Se 9

Sa or ay Snes
Raimondi
RECS C's tere ea eae
Robulina globulifera _
Robulus calear
Rotalia manardi
sagra
IROUGlaNmaIe,
auressensis
brasiliensis
crassoplicata
ID DU Miy sod eee eames
jamaicensis
jamaicensis peruvi-
E Waly 2rd) (alee tein ea) peels he
Rudistaceae
Rudistids

Saliteldysncs nee
Sauvagesinae _..

269

16,
15,

13,
17,

13,

17,
17,

16,
20,

SElngillemimeayyene Se OMdirsi 2 onicinca a=
Sclloenibalchiiaye 78 capensis ae
AcubO=Canlneta 717 mx@rnmrmelet 22 iq
I@O@MOWAD . ee IU 155 8 TeSSupae! ene
TANG MACA, pe 76 mairichiomelbiss 2... 2
Tchiomibiteray ya 79 Orbignyana
IROW SSM, da peruviana
subtuberculata —_ 79 Trigonia é
Walaa) eset cere 79 crenulata | peruana
Scutella camagtieyana 24 220 hondaana :
Cuibaen see ees 24 219 Nomigiay 2 ee eee Pore
Sievers ___ Uy 8 Morente
Siphogenerina multicos- suberenulata peru-
Catala. ee 115} 121 ana a :
transversa i eons 1s 122 Trochoseris meinzeri 17
Siphonina tenuicarin- Trochosmilia raymondi 17
UC Elie ee te ee eee 127 Turbo Pea sista tn ope Be
SoOlleerh =a sere meee ees 22 U
SOWMMMNSITNSIE 6 Uvigenrina canariensis 13
STORE Veale oes eS 4 76 gardnere var. cu-
Sphenodiseus pleuris- DAN a Fea bee :
epta peruviana 10 TOUGIONED es Bealls
SOMACTDUITEOR 49 V
TOIMBCSUS 2 Ay \WWame@rn@erchia, 2
Git, MIGAONASN 8 16,47, 49 maris australis
SOOMCAMOS eee 8 32 weberbaueri _.__ , 6
hopkinsiana —._._ 3 i, ays \Werai@lilley oe
SHAOIDEINIOSONS 7, 19 Vola quinquecostata
Steinmann Dells o2, 46. a6 Morrisi :
Stephanocoenia ingrus- Vulvulina pachyheilus 12
Painis: ese wesme ina ee 150 pennatula _ f
Sheolieaiia) = ot 39 Ww
Suleobuccinium Mich- Wade... 6.2. se ee
esi ea ee 69 Wieaviers = 2255. doe
Syzgophyllia hadleyi _18 153 Weisbord, N.E., Cuban
T echinoids
Tarphypygus notabilis 26 227 Wells, J.W., Eocene
MEMCOMINS 63 Corals, ‘Cuba, Tex-
Mellinarmsp. os =e 16 as
ReExiMiariA Sid. e.-- 111 White ee ee
WEOCMVTNE NIN PD, BS WWvoocksallie,
1270

18, 25
16, 24

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