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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Bu tietin 194
AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST
AND KEY TO THE AMPHIBIA
OF MEXICO
By
HOBART M. SMITH ann EDWARD H. TAYLOR
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1948
ee
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C.
Price 50 cents
ADVERTISEMENT
The scientific publications of the National Museum include two
series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin.
The Proceedings series, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a
medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collections
of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology,
anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and
revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet
form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organiza-
tions and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects.
The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded
in the table of contents of each of the volumes.
The series of Bulletins, the first of which was issued in 1875, contains
separate publications comprising monographs of large zoological groups
and other general systematic treatises (occasionally in several vol-
umes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, catalogs of type specimens,
special collections, and other material of similar nature. The majority
of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted
in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable.
In the Bulletin series appear volumes under the heading Contributions
from the United States National Herbarium, in octavo form, published
by the National Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating
to the botanical collections of the Museum.
The present work forms No. 194 of the Bulletin series.
ALEXANDER WETMORE,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
II
CONTENTS
Page
EE ENOR EC C1 OTN 5 tee 9 tote rie nc Fe er er re ee rere RRO BEC 1
PSSM RIEU sye ree meeees eon. Kn mene sre ee SOMME SEE Br Ie VSS. 3
Key to Mexican orders of Ampbibiass 222-02 Sok Set. 3
Or Meee GnyIMRO PHO Nas eet en an ee ON SARE 3
amily’ Caeciliidae= Yo 222i eee 3
Key to Mexican genera of Caeciliidae.__.___._________ 4
Genus Dermophismeeneees. 2528 Set 4
GenusiGymro prises see ee a ee 5
OrderhC audatie. > eho arias oe Rr au PR Se Se Sates, ch bok 5
Key to) Mexican’ suborders‘of Caudatas 2-22 522" __..-..--=-=-=._. ry
Suborder=Meantess sete ae een meee eee le oe se oe 5
amily sSirenidaer. os: 2: eee sake ecko t el ee a 5
GenusiSiren2e sie ee es ee eee 6
Suborder-Ambystomoides!. 2) eset Ba siee ee) ait Roe! ee tue 6
Bamily Ambystomidae ws. Seess_ 2 0 = 5 see 6
Key to Mexican genera of Ambystomidae___.-___--_-_- 6
Genus -Bathystredoneeese. 022 2 22 eke see 7
GenustS7nedons te Se ae eee eee a
Genus Rhyacosiredont aoe. - 2-55 seca 8
GenuseAmbystoma= Su mee 23 se 3 ee 10
Suborder: Salamandroides: 2s he 2 eee et seh eee sae 14
Hamily Salamandridnew {i sunee! 2.2. Seat ae 14
Key to Mexican genera of Salamandridae__.__-------- 14
Gens Rartchatse 2s ae eS 282 cise eee 14
Genus Diemiciylust 2 eee es 15
Suborder-Plethodontoidess_ 2244 Beles). haa ee ee 16
Family, Plethodontidacsst' = e232... 225 2 2s SoS eek 16
Key to Mexican subfamilies of Plethodontidae-_----_--- 16
Subfamily’ Thoriinaes 8.2222 l22 see ee 8. SL. 16
Genuselhoriustes = Bee ee eee ete 16
Subfamily: Plethodontinae222e_ 22222. 2t = 18
Key to Mexican genera of Plethodontinae_ --_--_~-- 18
LOTUS ol 71S E070 a ee ae Se 19
. Genus-Batrachosepssaies22- — 2s a= ss 19
Genus*Anerdes- 22 eee. ee eee ae 20
| GenuseParvimolge2= oe a ee Se eee a 20
[ Genus Oedipinag Re Sue ss Ss ee Sek 21
Genus Magnadiguds].-242- 2 == 21
Genus -Bolitoglossa_.3---—- = ee 22
Genus Pseudoeuriyceg. 22225 = 2 ae ne 25
| Genus Chireplerotriton 2+... 22-22 oe 228 —==2— = 30
| MircersCaliontrameen whe ee ne oe eee ee Bee ee eee 33
| III
j|
}
IV BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Class Amphibia—Continued |
Key to Mexican suborders of Salientia_---.------ heen ee eee 33
Suborder Opisthocodla s-.=22 2222 e222 34
Family: Rhinophrynidas:+ oo == 2-52 se eee 34
Genus Rhinophrynus.__-.....-.------------ 34
Suborder Anomocoela <2: 22-3 See ae eee eee 34 |
Family Pelobatidacs.. 25.5) =e ee 34 |
Genus Scaphiopus.- 23] ee ee ee 35 ;
Suborder ‘Procoéla. 222 25.20) 2-30 2. 2 eee 36
Key to Mexican families of Procoela_______-_____.-----2=2.2= 36
RamilyBufonidae 32 22 5s 2) ee eee 37
Genus Bufo. 2... Sons oe 37
Family Leptodactylidses=2 S222 Ba er a ee 46
Key!to Mexican genera of Leptodactylidae_______-_-- 46
Genus Engystomops= 4250 oe ee 47
Genus Pomoedactylus 222 "5 2 eae eee 47
Genus Syrrhophus= 22-222 eee 49
Genus Microbatrachylus. =. .222055 52322 53
Genus Léeptodactylus.... - => = 2-5 2 eee 55
Genus Eleutherodactylus_.....-.2--.-------- 57
Family Hylidae Jo 2. see ee Se eee ee 67
Key to Mexican genera of Hylidae____----_----_----- 67
Genus Centrolencilaz, =) 2 a eee 68
Genius@iaglenas 232283) he eee eee 69
Genus hreprion 2308 2 ee ee ee 70
Genus- Anothccases2cse2o. 2 ae eee 70
Genus. Piennohylae: 2258 ee ee 70
Genus Agalychnis:. 22222452 eee 71
Genus Plectrohyla= = 2 eee 73
Genus: Acrodyleg. eb te 74
GenusySmiliscas 223368 2 ee eee 75
Genus Hiyléligit8. -4282% 22 35 ee ee 76
Gens: Acrse ie he ak eek bo. eae ee ee ee
Genus Hylaz . 222 _ bee eee eee Gide
Genus Ptychohylases5 45-82 ee ee 91
Suborder: Diplasiocoelay. 2222-22 2en4n 5s sete ey ease See ee 91
Key to Mexican families of Diplasiocoela.____._.--._----------- 91
amily: Microhiyilid esa ee ee ee 91
Subfamily eMicrohylinaesetes eee eee 92
Key to Mexican genera of Microhylinae______-_--- 92
Genus MMccrohylate 2 ea8') eee Soe eee 92
Genuspilapopachtsseassee = 0 eee ae ee 94
Family Ranidae.= sess kee eee 96
Sublamily Raninaee ee seat ees 96
Genus Ranasesse: 22th so eee eee 96
State liste... 2-23. ee eee 100
AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST AND KEY
TO THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO
By HoBart M. SMITH and EpwWARD H. TAYLOR
INTRODUCTION
A NEw era in the study of Mexican herpetology was initiated in 1932,
a year marked first by the appearance of Dr. Remington Kellogg’s
“Mexican Tailless Amphibians in the United States National Mu-
seum,”’ ! a work of fundamental importance; and second, by the renais-
sance of intensive field exploration in Mexico.
Since 1932 the number of amphibians in collections from Mexico has
increased about a thousand percent, and the number of recognizable
forms more than a hundred percent. For example, Kellogg recog-
nized 65 species of anurans, basing his study upon some 2,200 speci-
mens. We recognize 161, represented by collections totaling about
25,000 specimens. ;
The salamanders of Mexico have never been treated fully, although
Dr. E. R. Dunn’s “The Salamanders of the Family Plethodontidae,”’
which appeared in 1926, summarized over half the salamander fauna,
67 percent of which (by number of forms) is comprised by members of
the family Plethodontidae (as of today). Dunn recognized 15 forms
in 291 Mexican specimens; we list 43 forms, represented by some 9,000
specimens, and of all salamander groups combined 64 forms and 15,000
specimens. We are acutely aware that much revisionary work is still
to be done in Mexico and in adjacent areas. Several genera and species
obviously are polyphyletic assemblages; the study of some, like Rana
pipiens, is beset with the difficulties of tremendous variability, wide
range, and larger quantities of material than can easily be handled.
Satisfactory solutions to many problems await collections from critical
areas, and no doubt numerous species and subspecies remain to be
discovered and defined. Probably many of the forms we regard as
species will ultimately be regarded justifiably as subspecies. How-
ever, assumption of subspecific status for geographically separated
species (as we consider them) should be undertaken with temerity, as
witness the implications of Moore’s recent work by which some widely
1U.8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932.
Z BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
differentiated species are shown to interbreed freely while other popu-
lations inadequately differentiated taxonomically are shown to be in-
capable of interbreeding. Furthermore, determination of the actual
status of some forms which we here regard as species must undoubtedly
await experimental investigation; we refer to extraordinary complexes
like that of a certain group of closely related but morphologically very
distinct species of Hleutherodactylus in central Veracruz (vide Taylor
and Smith, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, p. 572). Beyond
question, en fin, much juggling of arrangement remains to be endured.
This fact is a reflection of (1) the peculiar character of amphibians,
which are provided with fewer well-defined obvious and interracially
variable features than almost any other group of vertebrates, and
(2) the difficulties attending their collection. The difficulties of am-
phibian taxonomy are obvious to anyone who actually tries to identify
preserved specimens without the benefit of field experience. Knowl-
edge of the animals in life is practically indispensable even—or per-
haps especially—to the expert. This fact has not always been appre-
ciated by critics who may have felt that we have recognized, in some
cases, more forms than exist.
That thorough collection of amphibians is not easily attained,
especially in tropical areas, is well known. Some specimens emerge
from their quarters into the open for breeding, where they are more
easily collected, for extremely brief periods—perhaps one night a year.
Except in breeding congresses many species are rarely if ever found;
thus one must be on hand at just the right time and at just the right
place to secure the species. Salamanders are collected in abundance ~
usually by special techniques not widely applied, such as seining or
use of dipnets (for ambystomids) and search during the dry season
in bromelias, stump holes, ete. (for most plethodontids). We have
continually been surprised by repeated discovery of novelties at
favorite collecting sites that we had considered completely surveyed.
In view of these considerations, we feel that our view of the relative
incompleteness of our present knowledge and the considerable length
of time that will be required to approach completeness is not unwar-
ranted.
Nevertheless we feel the time is ripe for a summary of the amphibian
fauna of Mexico, the complexity of which has become steadily more
apparent in recent years. Students in this field have accomplished
reviewal of most available collections at least only in a preliminary
fashion, partly because of dwindling accessions during war years.
The coming years will undoubtedly be a period of review, during which
the activities of the recent past and the problems revealed by them
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 3
will be subjected to individual attention at leisure. The present list
takes a step toward such general review by providing a brief survey
of the present status of Mexican forms and a concise analysis of recent
advances, to which additions and emendations may be made readily.
In preparing this summary we have followed, with some exceptions,
the style of our ‘Annotated Checklist and Key to the Snakes of
Mexico.” ? The present account differs chiefly in the natural arrange-
ment of the species and in the distribution of the keys, which instead
of being united are scattered through the list in appropriate places.
The keys are to transformed specimens, except where otherwise
indicated, since the larvae are too incompletely known to permit the
construction of useful keys. Likewise the eggs of relatively few
forms are known. Juvenile transformed specimens will not be
identifiable in all cases, since important characters may not be evident
in them.
For the sake of brevity we have indicated the E. H. Taylor-H. M.
Smith collection by the abbreviation EHT—-HMS.
Class AMPHIBIA Linnaeus
Amphibia LinnaEvus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, vol. 1, 1758, p. 194.
KEY TO MEXICAN ORDERS OF AMPHIBIA 4
ipeOneor two paits of limbs’ presents no scales —==--=- ===. === == ee 2
No limbs present; animals with slender, elongate, annulated, wormlike
bodiessiscales hiddeminiskin =2-—2 225-222-255. 2 Gymnophiona (p. 3)
2. Animals with elongate bodies; hind legs not or slightly larger than fore;
a tail present in larvae and adults; neotenic forms sometimes occur-
mings OF 4 MiMbs ise. 202 ee ae he Caudata (p. 5)
Animals with greatly shortened bodies; hind legs much stouter than fore-
legs; tail absent in adult; no neotenic forms; always 4 limbs. Salientia (p. 33)
Order GYMNOPHIONA Miller
Gymnophiona Miter, Zeitschr. Physiol., vol. 4, 1832, p. 24.
Family CAECILIIDAE Gray *
Caeciliadae 5 Gray, Ann. Philos., ser. 2, vol. 10, 1825, p. 217.
2U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 187, 1945.
3 Characters used in all cases apply to Mexican forms. These may not apply universally.
4 Despite rather remarkable skull differences, all living forms of the order Gymnophiona have been
recognized under a single family.
5 Cited as Coeciliidae by Gray in 1850, Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia of the British Museum,
p. 56; first use of present orthography, Caeciliidae, by Cope, Amer. Nat., vol, 23, 1889, p. 862.
4 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
KEY TO MEXICAN GENERA OF CAECILIIDAE
1. Eye visible; tentacle only slightly nearer eye than nostril; primary (97-110)
and secondary (51-80) rings reduced in number; stout; total length/
diameter ratio 14~26___.2_.2-.--+--=--=-----===--=--— Dermophis (p. 4)
Eye invisible or not, completely or partially encased under bone; tentacle
very close to eye; primaries (119-137) and secondaries (98-122) more
numerous; generally more slender; total length/diameter ratio
DARA QHENGE I RET fe Os Sis i eee et See eee Gymnopis (p. 5)
Genus DERMOPHIS Peters *®
Dermophis Prrers, Monatsh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1879, p. 987.—Duwn, Bull.
Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 91, 1942, pp. 461-479 (part).
Genotype-—Dermophis mexicanus Duméril and Bibron (by subse-
quent designation, Noble, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 49, 1924,
p. 305).
Range.—Veracruz and Guerrero, Mexico, to Ecuador.
Species—Five forms are recorded, three of which are races of
D. mexicana; one enters Mexico.
DERMOPHIS MEXICANUS MEXICANUS (Duméril and Bibron)
Siphonops mexicanus Dumirit and Brsron, Erpétologie générale, vol. 8, 1841,
pp. 284-5.
Dermophis mexicanus PrtErs, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1879, p. 937, fig. 6.
Dermophis mexicanus mezicanus Dunn, Proc. New England Zool. Club, vol. 10,
1928, pp. 74-75, pl. 5.
Gymnopis mexicanus mexicanus DUNN, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 91, 1942,
pp. 473-476.
Type—Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris No. 5e (fide Dunn).
Type locality —Mexico.
Range.—The Atlantic coast from central Veracruz southeastward
to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and perhaps to Yucatén; and on the
Pacific coast from the Isthmus southeastward to western Nicaragua.
In Mexico known from Veracruz: Cuatotolapam, Veracruz; Oazaca:
Tehuantepec, Barrio; Tabasco: Teapa; Chiapas: La Zacualpa, Soco-
nusco, Escuintla; Yucatdn: loc.? (Dugés).
6 In his revision of American caccilians, Dunn (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 91, 1942, pp. 487-540) unites
Dermophis and Gymnopis (under the latter name) because of the existence of apparently annectant forms.
The eye, visible and in an open orbit, is invariable in the three species of Dermophis but variable in visi-
bility and presumably in extent of enclosure by bone in the four species of Gymnopis. However, the posi-
tion of the tentacle (very near eye in Gymnopis, halfway between eye and nostril in Dermophis) does not
overlap, the extent of closure of the orbit probably does not overlap (not known for all forms), and finally
there is no indication that the present groupings of species under these two names are unnatural. For these
reasons we retain Dermophis.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 5
Genus GYMNOPIS Peters
Gymnopis Prters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1874, p. 616—Dunn, Bull.
Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 91, 1942, pp. 461-479 (part).
Genotype.—Gymnopis multiplicata Peters (by monotypy).
Range.—Guerrero, Mexico, and Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, to Brazil.
Species.—Hight forms are known, of which three are races of
G. multiplicata. Two (G. pricei, G. braziliensis) have been described
by Dunn since the appearance of his monograph in 1942. Only one
form enters Mexico.
GYMNOPIS MULTIPLICATA OAXACAE Mertens
Gymnopis multiplicata oaxacae MrrtEens, Abh. Ber. Mus. Magdeburg, vol. 6,
1930, pp. 153-155, fig. 14.—Tayuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938
(1939), pp. 299-300.—Dunn, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 91, 1942, pp.
466—-469.—Tayutor and Smit, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp.
523-524.
Type.—Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt, No. 22120.
Type locality—Cafetal Concordia, 600 meters, between Puerto
Angel and Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Pacific slopes from central Guerrero to southern Chiapas.
Specimens are known from Guerrero: El Limoncito (near La Venta),
Xaltianguis; Oaxaca: Cafetal Concordia, Mirador; Chiapas: Tonalé,
La Esperanza (near Escuintla).
Order CAUDATA Oppel
Caudata Oprrt, Ordnung, Familien und Gattungen der Reptilien . . ., 1811, p. 72.
KEY TO MEXICAN SUBORDERS OF CAUDATA
1. No teeth in upper or lower jaw’; body greatly elongated; hind limbs
absent; permanent larvae, with gills throughout life_____- Meantes (p. 5)
Teeth in upper and/or lower jaws 7; fore and hind limbs present-------- 2
Zee Larasphenoid. teeth present..._.-.=..--.-_=------+--s-<-s--5-<-<< 3
Paraspuenoia” teeth absent..=-—2—-2===2 2 2+)-= Ambystomoidea (p. 6)
BerNOmnasotmbial: gTOOVE-.2-2..----—=25-3524<-4- Salamandroidea (p. 14)
ASMSSOlapial OTOOV Cs. = moose ee ee oe Plethodontoidea (p. 16)
Suborder MEANTES Linnaeus
Meantes LinnaEvs, Systema naturae, ed. 12, vol. 1, pt. 2, 1766 (unpaged).
Family SIRENIDAE;Gray
Sirenidae (part) Gray, Ann. !Philos., ser. 2, vol. 10, 1825, p. 216; Catalogue of
the Batrachia Gradientia of the British Museum,{1850, p. 68.
7 Excluding palate.
6 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Genus SIREN Linnaeus
Siren LinnarEus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, vol. 1, pt. 2, 1766, addenda (unpaged).
Genotype.—Siren lacertina Linnaeus.
Range.—District of Columbia southward through Florida and west-
ward along the Gulf coast to Matamoros, Tamaulipas; northward in
the valley of the Mississippi River to Lake Michigan.
Species.—Three forms, two of them subspecies of S. intermedia,
comprise this genus; one enters Mexico.
SIREN INTERMEDIA NETTINGI Goin
Siren intermedia nettingi Goin, Ann. Carnegie Mus., vol. 29, 1942, pp. 211-217.
Type.—Carnegie Mus. No. 7580.
Type locality.—Imboden, Lawrence County, Ark.
Range.—‘‘Southern Louisiana northward to southern Illinois and
Indiana, west and south to Maverick Co., Texas, and northern Tamau-
lipas, Mexico.’ Known in Mexico only from Matamoros, Tamau-
lipas.
Suborder AMBYSTOMOIDEA Noble
Ambystomoidea Nostez, The biology of the Amphibia, 1931, p. 471.
Family AMBYSTOMIDAE Hallowell
Ambystomidae HALLOWELL, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 3,
1858, p. 338.
KEY TO MEXICAN GENERA OF AMBYSTOMIDAE &
1. Permanent larva (neotenic) in nature
Normal transformation to adult form (possible exception of Rhyacosiredon
zempoalaensis, Ambystoma fluvinatum, and Ambysioma rosaceum)__-_-_ 3
2. Three phalanges in fourth toe; digits short; the proximal phalanges, at
least, included in a web; gill branches with filaments to near base; 8 to 10
gill rakers on anterior face of third arch; presumably incapable of trans-
POLINA LION ese ete we ee te cco ere Bathysiredon (p. 7)
Four phalanges in fourth toe; digits elongate and unwebbed; 12 gill rakers
on the anterior face of third arch; capable of artificial transformation,
or in case of lermaensis at least occasionally transformation may take
BlACGe soe es Be es Rs SA ew Ok See ere ae ee ec Siredon (p. 7)
3. Adults retaining vomerine teeth in a modified larval form; premaxillary
POCCM LOSE OS wie Ni See aire a Aad eaten plate wih ates Rhyacosiredon (p. 8)
Vomerine teeth arranged with the pterygopalatine teeth to form a trans-
verse or slightly arched series near level of choanae; premaxillary teeth
TOCA C= sce 2 es ae a epee ee ee ara eae ee ae aor Ambystoma (p. 10)
8 The preparation of usable keys to the genera and species of the Ambystomidae is especially difficult
owing to the fact that one genus is known only from neotenic larvae, while other genera contain some species
known only from adults and others known only from larvae.
® There is a slight deposition of keratin within the mouth but no horny beak is present, as described by
Dunn in the generic description, at any age.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 7
Genus BATHYSIREDON Dunn
Bathysiredon Dunn, Not. Nat., No. 36, 1939, p. 1.
Genotype.—Siredon dumerilit Dugés.
Range.—Known only from Lake Pétzcuaro, Michoacan, Mexico.
Species.—One. |
BATHYSIREDON DUMERILIT (Dugés)
Siredon Dumerilii Duais,! La Naturaleza, vol. 1, 1870, pp. 241-244, pl. 5a, figs.
1-13.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp. 426-427.
Bathysiredon dumerilii Dunn, Not. Nat., No. 36, 1939, p. 1.
Type.—U.S.N.M. Nos. 16201-16202 (?) (cotypes).
Type locality —Lake Patzcuaro, Michoacén, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality, Lake Patzcuaro, 2,055
m. elevation.
Genus SIREDON Wasgier
Siredon WaGuER, Natiirliches System der Amphibien, 1830, pp. 209-210; Deserip-
tiones et icones amphibiorum, 1830, pl. 20.
Avolotes OwrEN, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 14, 1844, p. 23 (genotype Avzoloies
gutiata Owen=Gyrinus mexicanus Shaw).
Genotype.—Siredon axolotl Cuvier=Gyrinus mexicanus Shaw.
Range.—The ancient lakes of the southern Mexican plateau: Lakes
Lerma, Xochimilco, and Chalco.
Species.—Two.
KEY TO SPECIES OF SIREDON
1. Larvae dark gray with numerous dark or black spots; artificially trans-
formed adults blackish with large yellow spots__------ mexicanum (p. 7)
Larvae uniformly dark blackish or grayish black, lighter below;
normally transformed adults grayish or olive-black, lighter be-
1 tee ee BEER SS bee 2 ee esp A er lermaensis (p. 8)
SIREDON MEXICANUM (Shaw) 1!
Gyrinus mexicanus Suaw, Nat. Mise., vol. 9, 1789, pls. 3438, 344.
Siredon mexicanum Bairp, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 1,
1849, p. 292—Smiru, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 24, 1939,
pp. 16-17.—Tayutor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp.
424-425, pl. 45, fig. 3.
Siren pisciformis SHaw, Gen. Zool., vol. 3, pt. 2, 1802, p. 612, pl. 140.
Siredon axolotl Wacusr, Natiirliches System der Amphibien, 1830, p. 209.
Azolotes guitata OwErn, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 14, 1844, p. 23 (lake near
Mexico City; types unknown).
10 It is presumed that this species has become extinct owing to the introduction of exotic game and food
fishes.
1 Sir. [edon] lich. [enoides] alba Dugés (La Naturaleza, vol. 1, 1869, p. 145) isa nomen nudum whose identity
should not be guessed.
8 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Siredon humboldtii Dumér1t, Brsron, and Dumérit, Erpétologie générale, vol.
9, 1854, pp. 177-181 (lake near Mexico City; types probably in Mus. Hist.
Nat. Paris).
Gyrinus edulis Duméri, Brsron, and Dumérin, Erpétologie générale, vol. 9,
1854, p. 178 (types and type locality same as preceding).
Lusus aquarum Dumérit, Brsron, and Dumériz, Erpétologie générale, vol. 9,
1854, p. 178 (types and type locality as preceding).
Piscis ludricus Dumérin, Brsron, and Dumférit, Erpétologie générale, vol. 9,
1854, p. 178 (type and type locality as preceding).
Type.—Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist.
Type locality —Meéxico, Mexico.
Range.—Valley of Mexico. Recorded from Lakes Xochimilco and
Chalco.
SIREDON LERMAENSIS Taylor
Siredon lermaensis Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp.
427-430, pl. 48.—Taytor and Smrru, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945,
pp. 525-526.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 22578.
Type locality—Lake Lerma, east of Toluca, México, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
Genus RHYACOSIREDON Dunn
Rhyacosiredon Dunn, Proc. New England Zool. Club, vol. 10, 1928, pp. 85-86.
Genotype.—Amblystoma altamirani Dugés.
Range.—The high mountains at the southern edge of the main
Mexican plateau.
Species.—Four.
KEY TO SPECIES OF RHYACOSIREDON
Aduits
1. Tail about as long as body (less than 5 percent longer); elevation of tail
in tail length 3.8 to 5 times; pterygopalatine-vomerine series average
about 18 teeth on each side; maxillary-premaxillary teeth about 31 on
each side; when limbs are adpressed, toes touch elbow_-_-_-_-_ rivularis (p. 9)
Tail longer than head and body by more than 5 percent; elevation of tail
IN Garten et ne fr omy GHG 9) Gini es meee ae eae ee ee a 2
2. Mouth strongly papillate; toes not reaching elbow of adpressed limb.
leorae (p. 9)
Mouth not obviously papillate; toes of adpressed limbs reaching elbows or
beyond eres 8 a Ah ese hone Nee 2 nee rere een mea altamirani (p. 9)
Larvae
1. Lips and tips of toes whitish or cream; body nearly uniformly colored
(knownt only: from larvac) 42-4 ee ee ee zempoalaensis (p. 9)
Lips and tips of toes not whitish; body dark, strongly mottled with
CEB RI eae eee e rivularis, leorae, altamirani (p. 9)
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 9
RHYACOSIREDON RIVULARIS Taylor
Rhyacosiredon rivularis Taytor, Herpetologica, vol. 1, 1940, pp. 171-176, pl. 17,
fig. 1.
Type.—EHT-HMS No. 16388.
Type locality.—13 kilometers west of Villa Victoria, México, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
RHYACOSIREDON LEORAE Taylor
Rhyacosiredon leorae Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 29, 1943, pp. 345-347,
pl. 26, fig. 3.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 22560.
Type locality —Near Rio Frio, México.
Range.—Known only from the type locality, a small stream, Rio
Frio, which passes through a village of the same name in the state
of México, at a point only a few hundred meters from the México-
Puebla border, then flows into the state of Puebla after about a kilo-
meter. The species occurs certainly in both states.
RHYACOSIREDON ALTAMIRANI (Dugés)
Amblystoma altamirani Ducks, Description d’un axolotl des Montagues de las
Cruces (Amblysioma altamirani, A. Dugés), 1895, pp. 1-6, 1 pl., figs. 1-8.—
SmitaH and Necker, Anal. Ese. Nac. Cienc. Biol., vol. 3, 1943, pp. 183-185,
pl. 1, figs. 2-3.
Rhyacosiredon altamirani Dunn, Proc. New England Zool. Club, vol. 10, 1928,
pp. 85, 86.—Tartor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 262-
263, pl. 24, fig. 2; Herpetologica, vol. 1, 1940, p. 176, pl. 17, fig. 2.
Type.—Museo Alfredo Dugés, Guanajuato, México (6 cotypes).
Type locality —Manantial de los Axolotes, Serrania de las Cruces,
Valle de México, Distrito Federal, Mexico.
Range.—High mountains of central Mexico, southern Distrito
Federal, and northern Morelos. Known or recorded from numerous
localities in the Ajusco Mountains. Known from Distrito Federal:
Manantial de los Axolotes, Desierto de los Leones, Cafiada de Contre-
ras; Morelos and Mézco:" Lagunas de Zempoala.
RHYACOSIREDON ZEMPOALAENSIS Taylor and Smith
Rhyacosiredon zempoalaensis Taytor and Smiru, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95,
1945, pp. 527-529.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 116617.
Type locality—One of the nearly dry lake beds of the Zempoala
lakes, Morelos, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
12 The ‘‘Lakes of Zempoala’’ are at the México-Morelos border; undoubtedly the species occurs on both
sides of the boundary.
10 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Genus AMBYSTOMA Tschudi
Ambystoma Tscuup1, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchatel, vol. 2, 1838, p. 92.
Sirenodon Drsor, Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. NeuchAtel, vol. 8, 1870, p. 269 (genotype,
Sirenodon lichenoides Desor=Siredon lichenoides Baird= Ambystoma tigrinum
mavortium Baird).
Genotype.—Ambystoma subviolacea Tschudi= Ambystoma maculatum
Shaw.
Range.—Extreme southeastern Alaska, James Bay, and Labrador
southward to the edge of the central plateau in Mexico; apparently
not in Baja California.
Species.—Twenty-eight forms are recognized, 6 of which are sub-
species of A. tigrinum; 11 occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF AMBYSTOMA
Known as transformed adults
1. Small species (maximum known snout-to-vent measurement 62 mm.);
adpressed limbs separated by three costal folds; vomeropalatine
teeth 16-16; maxillary-premaxillary teeth in more than a single series,
the outer containing about 40 teeth on each side; tail about 70 percent
of head=bodynlenptho 42 2os ate ee ee eee schmidti (p. 18)
Larger species; snout-to-vent measurement exceeding 60 mm___-_----- 2
2. Body of adults uniformly colored on dorsal and lateral surfaces_-_------ 3
Body not uniformly colored on sides and dorsum_-_-_----------------- 4
Grayish black or plumbeous above and on sides; larvae with three rows
of small cream spots marking Jateral-line system; caudal fin present,
in adults, nearly as wide as fleshy part of tail; skin not especially
smooth-42 se oe eee Pe ae eee el ordinarium (p. 18)
Body of adults uniform grayish brown or lavender-brown, a little lighter
below; toes reaching wrist when limbs are adpressed; tail without
distinct dorsal fin, about 75 percent snout-to-vent length; maxillary-
premaxillary teeth about 55-55; vomerine teeth 15-17; palatine teeth
10-12, the two series separate; skin especially smooth and shining;
larvae “unknowns! te 2. SP eie.. 20. eerie bombypelium (p. 138)
4, Body uniform blackish above with an irregular row of cream spots
or an irregular cream stripe low on sides; caudal fin reduced to a
fine ridge; adpressed limbs overlap the length of hand; vomeropalatine
teeth almost continuous, 31-37 on each side; maxillary-premaxillary
series 70-80 on each side; tail about 72 percent of snout-to-vent
Veen a ae ey rae le amblycephalum (p. 13)
Body not uniformly dark above. =2-22-2--9-2-— =e. eee 5
oo
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO
Body black with more or less symmetrical rounded cream marks on
head and body and a median series on compressed tail; tail short,
about 62 percent snout to vent; maxillary-premaxillary teeth 56 on
each side; a total of 55 vomeropalatine teeth in a continuous series;
larvae large, golden yellow with numerous black spots; fleshy part of
tale sapvenuated.— 2. 222 oo. SU phe bald Ne cepa subsalsum (p.
mody Tot wnanked)as;desctibed. $2 a7 248 See Bt
Olive-gray, with numerous, vertical, blackish dark bars on sides of
odyeand Giallo See ee ee eae has tigrinum proserpine (p.
Not olive-gray or with numerous vertical, blackish dark bars on sides
of body and tail
nadalnmilow:: 4irohel <li" os seer seifit) ye od pee EM. Aa AND
Caudal fin high, thick, cream to olive-tan with numerous small dark
spots; toes of adpressed limbs reach little beyond wrist; tail 80-82
percent of snout-to-vent length; maxillary-premaxillary teeth 48-50
on each side; vomeropalatine teeth total about 42, more or less con-
tinuous; larvae light flesh with little or no pigment except on ventral
PORELEOU CAUCal Mima cae. ee a ee ea, granulosum (p.
Olive to dark olive, with scattered black spots__________- lacustris (p.
Brown to blackish with numerous small cream-white spots__ velasci (p.
Known only in larval state
Body pinkish or reddish with numerous dark spots which may form two
irregular lines on each side; caudal fin arising a little posterior to
fevelot anm pmserione..2 > S260 2 4. 28-6 3 ee rosaceum (p.
Body with brownish or blackish pigment on a greenish-yellow ground
color; caudal fin low, arising at tail base¥’___________ fluvinatum (p.
AMBYSTOMA SUBSALSUM Taylor
Ambystoma subsalsum Taytor, Copeia, Oct. 15, 19438, pp. 151-156, figs. 1-3.
Type.—_KHT-HMS No. 22139.
Type locality—Lake Alchichica, Puebla.
Range.—Type locality.
AMBYSTOMA VELASCI Dugés
he
11)
14)
12)
12)
11)
13)
14)
Stredon Tigrina Veuasco, La Naturaleza, vol. 4, 1879, pp. 212-236, pls. 7-9
(preoccupied by Salamandra tigrina Green, 1825= Ambystoma tigrinum).
Amblystoma velasci Ducks, La Naturaleza, ser. 2, vol. 1, 1888, p. 142 (substitute
name for Siredon Tigrina Velasco).
Ambystoma tigrinum velasci Dunn, Copeia, 1940, p. 157 (part).
Ambystoma velasci TayLor and Smiru, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945,
pp. 531-532, pl. 18, figs. 3, 4.
13 It is not certain whether the known specimens of rosacewm are relatively as old as those of jluvinatum.
gi BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Ambystoma tigrinum velascoi LaAFRENTz,“4 Abh. Ber. Mus. Magdeburg, vol. 6,
1930, pp. 105-114, pl. 2, figs. 2-3, pl. 3, fig. 3 (Lakes Texcoco and Zumpango;
type locality restricted here to Lake Texcoco; apparently no types desig-
nated,
Type.—FProbably none preserved.
Type locality.—Laguna Santa Isabel, near Guadalupe Hidalgo, Dis-
trito Federal, Mexico.
Range.—High plateau region in Puebla and México. Known or
recorded from Puebla: La Virgin (Kilometer 224) between Puebla
and Tehuacén; Mézico: San Diego, Santa Magdalena; Distrito Federal:
Atzacualco.
AMBYSTOMA GRANULOSUM Taylor
Ambystoma granulosum Tayuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, pp. 57-61,
pl. 8, figs. 1-3.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 29805.
Type locality.—Kilometer 74, about 12 miles northwest of Toluca,
México, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from immediate region about type locality.
AMBYSTOMA LACUSTRIS Taylor and Smith
Ambystoma lacustris TayLor and SmitH, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945,
pp. 532-534, pl. 18, figs. 1-2.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 117410.
Type locality —Lake Zumpango, México, Mexico.
Range.—Lake Zumpango.
14 Determination of the author of this name is perhaps an academic matter. Heretofore Wolterstorff has
generally been considered as the author, since he on page 132 of the same publication, in a separate article
“Zur Systematik und Biologie der Urodelen Mexikos” names and describes an “‘Ambystoma tigrinum subsp.
velascoi Wolt.’? Mowever, in an article (‘‘Untersuchungen tiber die Lebensgeschichte mexikanischer
Ambystoma-Arten”’) which precedes Wolterstorff’s Lafrentz (p. 105) cites the name ‘“‘Ambystoma tigrinum
velascoi subsp. n.”’ and proceeds to describe the race well enough to permit at least recognition and retention
ofthe name. Neither author, it may be noted, citesatype. Technically, for that reason, neither description
need be accepted, although we hesitate to follow the rules so Closely.
However, on page 145 a “‘Richtigstellung”’ states that ‘Ambystoma tigrinum velascoi subsp. n.’’ should read
“Ambystoma tigrinum velascoi Wolt.’’
There can be no question that the original proposal of A. t. velascoi isin Lafrentz’s article. We believe,
moreover, that he, not Wolterstorfi, should be regarded as the author—the correction on page 145 notwith-
standing—for the following reason. The description was, obviously, written by Lafrentz; the treatment is
much different from that which Wolterstorff gives, and there is no indication whatever that it isa quotation
from any ms. of Wolterstorff. Although it may be ‘clear from the contents of the publication that some
other person . . .” (i. e., in this case, Wolterstorff) “*. . is responsible for said name . . ”’, definitely it is
quite apparent that he is not responsible for ‘‘. . . its indication, definition, or description.’’ (All quotes
from art. 21, Intern. Rules Zool. Nomen.)
|
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CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 13
AMBYSTOMA SCHMIDTI Taylor
Ambystoma schmidti Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939),
pp. 263-264, pl. 26, fig. 1.
Type—EKHT-HMS No. 3999.
Type locality—10 miles east of San Martin (Asuncién) at Rancho
Guadalupe, México, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
AMBYSTOMA AMBLYCEPHALUM Taylor
Ambystoma amblycephala Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 420-421, pl. 45, fig. 2—Tayor and Smiru, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol.
95, 1945, pp. 530-531.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 16443.
Type locality —15 kilometers west of Morelia, Michoacén, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
AMBYSTOMA ORDINARIUM Taylor
Ambystoma ordinaria Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 422-424, pl. 46, figs. 1, 2, 3.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 16367.
Type locality —4 miles west of El Mirador, near Puerto Hondo,
Michoacan, Mexico, elevation about 9,000 feet.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
AMBYSTOMA BOMBYPELLUM Taylor
Ambystoma sp. Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pl. 24,
meer.
Ambystoma bombypella Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 418-420, pl. 45, fig. 1.
Type -—EKHT-HMS No. 3997.
Type locality —Near Rancho Guadalupe, 14 kilometers east of San
Martin (Asuncién), México, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
AMBYSTOMA ROSACEUM Taylor
Azolotes maculata OwEN, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 14, 1844, p. 23, 1 fig. (non
Lacerta maculata Shaw, General zoology, vol. 3, 1802, p. 304; type, Brit.
Mus. Nat. Hist., No. 41-6-18, 35, from Sierra Madre, Chihuahua, lat. 26°6’
N., long. 106°50’ W.).
Siredon Harlanii DumériL, Bipron, and Dumfrit, Erpétologie générale, vol. 9,
1854, pp. 181-182, pl. 95, figs. 1, 1A (part: only the synonymic reference to
Azolotes maculata Owen; restricted by Bishop (in press) to the specimens from
the vicinity of Spring Lake, N. Mex. [= Ambystoma tigrinum mavortium)).
Ambystoma rosaceum Taytor, Copeia, Sept. 30, 1941, pp. 143-144, figs. 1A, 1B.
Type —EHT-HMS Neo. 23054.
Type locality —Mojarachic, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
757435—48——-2
14 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
: AMBYSTOMA FLUVINATUM Taylor
Ambystoma flurinatum Taytor, Copeia, Sept. 30, 1941, pp. 144-146, figs. 2A, 2B.
Type.-—EHT-HMS No. 25383.
Type locality —Mojarachic, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
AMBYSTOMA TIGRINUM PROSERPINE Baird and Girard
Ambystoma proserpine Barrp and Girarp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia,
vol. 6, 1852, p. 173.
Amblystoma proserpina BatrD, Report on the United States and Mexican Bound-
ary Survey, vol. 2, Reptiles, 1859, p. 29, pl. 35, figs. 7-14.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 4082 (6 cotypes).
Type locality Salado |River], 4 miles east of San Antonio, Texas;
and enroute “from Montgomery, Mexico.”
Range.—Southern Texas and adjoming northern Mexico. Re-
corded from Mexico only, possibly, ‘fon the route from Montgomery,
Mexico.”’ 15
Suborder SALAMANDROIDEA Noble
Salamandroidea Nosx£, The biology of the Amphibia, 1931, p. 473.
Family SALAMANDRIDAE Gray
Salamandridae Gray, Ann. Philos., new ser., vol. 10, 1825, p. 215.
KEY TO MEXICAN GENERA OF SALAMANDRIDAE 1
1. Head flat, lacking dorsal keels; body unspotted, with numerous well-
defined tubercles; fingers and toes relatively short-..._-_._ Taricha (p. 14)
Head with two dorsal crests; middle fingers elongate___ Diemictylus (p. 15)
Genus TARICHA Gray
Taricha Gray, Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia of the British Museum,
1850, p. 25.
Genotype.—Triton torosus Eschscholtz.
Range.—Pacific North America, British Columbia, and possibly
southeastern Alaska to northwestern Baja California.
Species.—Seven forms are recognized, of which three are considered
as subspecies of 7’. granulosus; only one enters Mexico.
18 At least some of the several records of Ambystoma tigrinum from northern and northwestern Mexico
probably are referable to this race. Since, however, we have been unable to determine with desirable
accuracy the range of this or any other race of Ambystoma tigrinwm reported or expected from northern
Mexico we do not allocate the uncertain locality records.
16 We follow the work of various European taxonomists, including Wolterstorff and Herre, in segregating
American genera of this family. Evidence supporting such an arrangement has been gathered by the
exhaustive researches of Barbara Leonard at the University of Rochester and is in preparation for pub-
lication.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 15
TARICHA KLAUBERI Wolterstorff
Taricha torosa klauberi WourEerstorrr, Blatt. Aquar. Terrarienk., vol. 46, 1935,
pp. 179-184, figs. a, b.
Triturus torosus klaubert StEINEGER and Barsour, Checklist of North American
amphibians and reptiles, ed. 5, 19438, p. 7.
Triturus pax Bisuop, Handbook of salamanders, 19438, pp. 80-82, fig. 20,
map 6.
Type.—Magdeburg Mus.?
Type locality.—Boulder Creek, San Diego County, Calif.
Range.—Extreme southwestern California and northwestern Baja
California. Recorded from San Andreas and Keller, in Baja Califor-
nia.
Genus DIEMICTYLUS Rafinesque
Diemictylus Ra¥FInESQUE, Ann. Nature, No. 22, 1820, p. 5.
Genotype.—Dremictylus viridescens Rafinesque.
Range.—The Gaspé Peninsula of Ontario westward to Minnesota
and southward through Florida and the Atlantic Coast of Mexico to
southeastern San Luis Potosi.
Species.—Six forms are recognized, three of which are subspecies of
D. viridescens; two occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF DIEMICTYLUS
1. Olive above and yellow below; all surfaces with relatively large, round,
black spoltss-2=22-- Bees ae ee eee eee ee meridionalis (p. 15)
Above gray-brown with small black dots and numerous citron-yellow
SpOtsice ne 38 eee oe aoc See eee ee kallerti (p. 15)
DIEMICTYLUS MERIDIONALIS Cope
Diemictylus miniatus meridionalis Corr, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 17, 1880, p. 30.
Triturus meridionalis Dunn, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 62, 1918, p. 452.—
Bisnorp, Handbook of salamanders, 1943, pp. 82-86, frontis., fig. 21, map 5.
Type.—U.S.N.M. (jfide Cope, loc. cit.).”
Type locality —Matamoros, Tamaulipas, and “tributaries of the
Medina River and southward.” Type locality here restricted to
Matamoros, Tamaulipas.
Range.—Southern Texas, in the United States; northeastern Ta-
maulipas in Mexico. Recorded from Matamoros in Tamaulipas.
DIEMICTYLUS KALLERTI Wolterstorff
Diemyctylus kallerti Woutrrersrorrr, Abh. Ber. Mus. Magdeburg, vol. 6, 1930,
pp. 147-149, pl. 3, fig. 1, and text figs. 12, 13.
T(riturus) kallerti Smirn, Amer. Midl. Nat., vol. 15, 1934, p. 407.
17 “The first specimen of this form which I met with was sent to the Smithsonian Institution from Mata-
moras, Mexico.” Cope (U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 34, 1889, p. 213) cites two specimens, uncataloged, from
Matamoros, and three from “‘San Diego.’’ None are cited from the “tributaries of the Medina River.”
We herewith restrict the type locality to Matamoros, Tamaulipas. Dr. Doris Cochran reports (January
1947) that the type or types cannot now be found in the U. S. National Museum.
16 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Type.—Museum Magdeburg, NV, 44/29, Ex. Nr. 1.
Type locality—Tampico, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Northern Veracruz and eastern San Luis Potosi. Recorded
from the type locality and Villa Juarez, San Luis Potosi.
PLETHODONTOIDEA, new suborder
This group consists of the families Desmognathidae and Pletho-
dontidae.
Family PLETHODONTIDAE Gray
Plethodontidae Gray, Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia of the British
Museum, 1850, p. 31 (part).
KEY TO MEXICAN SUBFAMILIES OF PLETHODONTIDAE
1. Tarsals and carpals well ossified; a strong groove from eye to lip.
Thoriinae (p. 16)
Tarsals and carpals normally cartilage '8; no groove from eye to lip.
Plethodontinae (p. 18)
Subfamily THORIINAE Cope
Thoriidae Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 21, 1869, pp. 110-111.
Thoriinae Coprgr, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 31, 1893, p. 334 (part).
Genus THORIUS Cope
Thorius Cork, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 21, 1869, p. 111.—Taytor,
Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, pp. 228-229.
Genotype.— Thorius pennatulus Cope.
Range.—Mountains at the extreme southeastern edge of the main
Mexican plateau, in Veracruz and Puebla; the high mountains of
central Oaxaca.
Species.—F ive.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF THORIUS
1. Nostril large, oval, greatly elongated, nearly twice as long as wide; foot
and hand broadened, the digital tips more or less pointed; premaxillary
teeth apparently never piercing upper lip in males-_----_- pulmonaris (p. 17)
Nostril large, round or oval, never greatly elongated____....---------- 2
2. Nostril very large, circular; digits pointed; usually a single premaxillary
tooth piercing lip; subnarial swelling pendant; submental gland very
MISbINGt oo 2 oo es Sea See ae ae ee es eee pennatulus (p. 17)
Nostrils large, oval; digits rounded at tips; one or two premaxillary teeth
piercing lip; subnarial swelling not pendant____-.-------------- 3
18 Dunn, in ‘“The Salamanders of the Family Plethodontidae,’’ 1926, p. 45, mentions a cleared and stained
Plethodon glutinosus that shows ossified carpals and tarsals. I have examined numerous specimens of the
genus and find the carpals and tarsals to be cartilage, which disintegrates in rotting out the skeletons of
preserved specimens. P, glutinosus may be an exception. I have not examined very old specimens of this
form.—E. H. T.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 17
3. Skin of head smooth or with only a faint trace of pitting; the upper ex-
tension of hyoid (epibranchial) reaches level of arm insertion; usually a
single tooth piercing lip; body and tail more or less compressed _dubitus (p.17)
Skin of head usually more or less pitted; upper extension of hyoid (epi-
branchial) usually extending to at least posterior level of arm or farther;
body not compressed, but rounded or somewhat flattened; tail more or
hese re yunuricum at“bases. 3 205 Soul LoL Pe ee ipa eee 4
4, Larger; maximum snout-to-vent length 32 mm.; head and body strongly
pitted; three premaxillary teeth pierce lip; nostril larger; about 35
caudal grooves in full-grown specimen; found above ground under bark
DIL IR POP Serre eS Se ee narisovalis (p. 18)
Smaller; maximum snout-to-vent length about 26 mm.; head and body
usually dimly (rarely distinctly) pitted; usually one, rarely two, pre-
maxillary teeth pierce lip; nostril proportionally smaller; about 40
caudal grooves; dorsum lighter; found under rocks or in cavities in
eliy animal burrowsyete.< 25S Os SSC Sola o2Le troglodytes (p.18)
THORIUS PULMONARIS Taylor
Thorius pulmonaris Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp.
411-414, text figs. 3, 4.
Type—EHT-HMS No. 16684.
Type locality —Cerro San Felipe, about 12 kilometers northeast of
Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality; Cerro
~ San Luis.
THORIUS PENNATULUS Cope
Thorius pennatribus [Corr], Amer. Nat., 1869, p. 222 (typographical error for
T. pennatulus [nomen nudum], see Cope, type description).
Thorius pennatulus Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 21, 1869, pp.
111-112.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp. 105-107, pl. 3,
fig. 5.
Spelerpes minimus WiEpERSHEIM (Spengel?), Morph. Jahrb., vol. Snel Sats Ds
544 (“Vera Cruz”; probably no types in existence).
Type.—Originally U. S. N. M. No. 6341, now lost. Neotype,
U. S. N. M. No. 111017, Cuautlapan (near Orizaba), Veracruz.
Type locality —‘‘Orizava,” Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known from low mountains (3,000 feet more or less) in the
region about and below Orizaba in Veracruz. Recorded from Orizaba
and Cuautlapan, Veracruz.
THORIUS DUBITUS Taylor
Thorius pennatulus Taytor (nec Cope), Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1940,
pp. 414-416 (part), pl. 47, fig. B.
Thorius dubitus Tayyor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp. 108-110,
pl. 3, fig. 3.
Type -—EHT—HMS No. 17751.
Type locality Two miles south of Acultzingo, Veracruz, Mexico.
18 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Range.—High mountain crests (—7,000 feet) in eastern central
Veracruz. Specimens recorded from the type locality, and from
nearby localities in Puebla.
THORIUS NARISOVALIS Taylor
Thorius narisovalis TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1989 (1940), pp.
416-418, pl. 47, fig. 3.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 17859.
Type locality—Cerro San Felipe, 15 kilometers northeast of
Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico, elevation 2,600 to 3,000 meters.
Range.—Known from the vicinity of the type locality (including
Cerro San Luis) and Reyes, Oaxaca.
THORIUS TROGLODYTES Taylor
Thorius pennatulus TayLor (nee Cope), Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1988
(1939), pp. 293-294; vol. 26, 1939 (1940, pp. 414-416 (part), pl. 47, fig. A.
Thorius troglodytes Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp. 110-112,
pl. 3, fig. 4—Taytor and Smita, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945,
p. 535, pl. 19.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 17791.
Type locality —Two miles south of Acultzingo, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known from the type locality and immediately adjacent
areas in the state of Puebla, at an elevation of about 7,000 feet.
Subfamily PLETHODONTINAE Boulenger
Plethodontinae BouLENGER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia of the British
Museum, ed. 2, 1882, p. 51.
KEY TO MEXICAN GENERA OF PLETHODONTINAE
1. Tongue attached in front; septomaxillae present____.__..._.__.._-_--__-_- 2
Tongue boletoid, free; one premaxilla; bony septomaxilla usually if not
invariablyabsemb2. = tep8_ 3A. <a tee See oe ee See eee 4
2.. Pwo premaxillaa spresent.2 2 2 eo 0 ee ee ee Ensatina (p. 19)
One premaxilla present. <2 — po we ae 3
Oo
. Digits 4-4; some if not all forms with several rows of maxillary teeth.
Batrachoseps (p. 19)
Digits 4—5; ‘distinct; unwebbeds213 4 -o4 2 eek see! bee Anoides (p. 20)
4. No sublingual fold present; vertebrae amphicoelous______.___.____-___- 5
A sublingual fold present; vertebrae never typically amphicoelous (ante-
rior part of centrum partly or wholly filled with bony deposit) _.______ 6
5. Digits completely or almost completely webbed or palmate, the tips, if
free, not widened; no distinct subterminal pads present; maxillary
teeth not typically pleurodont_____...-_.-----_-._- Bolitoglossa (p. 22)
Digits with at least the outer series of phalanges free on outer toes; toes
widened “truncate. 2. ke tee Magnadigita (p. 21)
6. A double series of enlarged dorsal glandules; skull well ossified; diminutive;
12 costal foldssnogtril-lange- 34320 a as ee Parvimolge (p. 20)
No double series of glandules along middorsal line__________-._________ 7
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 19
7. Body elongated; 13 or more costal folds; skull well ossified___ Oedipina (p. 21)
Body mormalsless than.13 costal folds. 2- 2... =-. 2. Soci eens 8
8. Digits free beyond metatarsals and metacarpals (or only slightly webbed
beyond) (cephalica group); skull well developed; vertebrae not com-
pletely opisthocoelous; larger_._.._......._.--___- Pseudoeurycea (p. 25)
Digits webbed to end of proximal phalanx; the hand and foot widespread
with well-developed terminal pads; vertebrae opisthocoelous but with-
out a rounded articular condyle; smaller_______- Chiropterotriton (p. 30)
Genus ENSATINA Gray
Ensatina Gray, Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia of the British Museum,
1850, p. 48.
Genotype.—Ensatina eschscholtzii Gray.
Range.—Pacific North America from British Columbia to north-
western Baja California.
Species.—Four, two of which are races of E. eschscholtzii; one
occurs in Mexico.
ENSATINA CROCEATER (Cope)
Plethodon croceater Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 19, 1867, p. 210.
Ensatina croceater STEINEGER and Barsour, A checklist of North American
amphibians and reptiles, ed. 2, 1923, p. 12—Br1sHor, Handbook of sala-
manders, 1948, pp. 295-297, fig. 88, map 36.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 4701 (now lost).
Type locality.—‘‘Fort Tejon,” Calif.
Range.—Southern California and northern Baja California, above
elevations of about 4,000 feet. Recorded from Cape San Lucas
(doubtful occurrence), ‘75 mi. southeast San Diego, California,’ and
San Pedro M4rtir Mountains.
Genus BATRACHOSEPS Bonaparte
Batrachoseps BoNAPARTE, Iconografia della fauna Italica, vol. 2, fasc. 26, 1839,
fol, 131, not paged.
Genotype.—Salamandrina attenuata Eschscholtz.
Range.—Pacific North America from southern Alaskato northern
Baja California; possibly Colima.
Species—Six forms are described, all but one of which are sub-
species of B. attenuatus; one occurs in Mexico.
BATRACHOSEPS ATTENUATUS LEUCOPUS Dunn
Batrachoseps leucopus Dunn, Copeia, No. 109, 1922, pp. 61-62.
Batrachoseps attenuatus leucopus DunN, The salamanders of the family Pletho-
dontidae, 1926, pp. 241-243.—Bisnop, Handbook of salamanders, 1943, pp.
317-320, fig. 91, map 38.
20 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 64319.
Type locality.—Los Coronados, North Island, Baja California.
Range.—Southwestern California and northwestern Baja California.
In Mexico, recorded from La Paz, San Pedro MArtir Mountains, East
Coronado Island, North Coronado Island. (The report of Batracho-
seps attenuatus from Nevado de Colima [Jalisco or Colima] may be
authentic or may represent the presence of an undescribed species.)
Genus ANEIDES Baird
Aneides Bairp, Iconographie encyclopaedia of science, literature and arts, vol. 2,
z00l., 1849, p. 257.
Genotype.—Salamandra lugubris Hallowell.
Range.—Southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Baja
California; central eastern United States from northeastern Alabama
to northern West Virginia.
Species.—Five forms, two of which are subspecies of A. lugubris;
one occurs in Mexico.
ANEIDES LUGUBRIS LUGUBRIS (Hallowell)
Salamandra lugubris HALLOWELL, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 4, 1849,
p. 126.
Aneides lugubris Batrp, Iconographic encyclopaedia of science, literature and arts,
vol. 2, zool., 1849, p. 257.
Aneides lugubris lugubris GRINNELL and Camp, Univ. California Publ. Zool., vol.
17, 1917, p. 134.—SLEvin, Occ. Pap. California Acad. Sci., No. 16, 1928, pp.
71-74, pl. 10, fig. 1.—Buisuop, Handbook of salamanders, 1943, pp. 340-343,
figs. 95c, 99, map 41.
Type.—Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 1257.
Type locality —Monterey, Calif.
Range.—Western California from Humboldt County to near the
border of Baja California; Los Coronados Islands, Baja California.
Genus PARVIMOLGE Taylor
Parvimolge Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, pp, 223, 226,
Genotype.—Oedipus townsendi Dunn.
Range.—F oothills of central Veracruz.
Species. —One.
PARVIMOLGE TOWNSENDI (Dunn)
Oedipus townsendi Dunn, Proce. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 35, 1922, pp. 5-6 (part).
Bolitoglossa townsendi Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, p. 107.
Parvimolge townsendi Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 223.
19 Gadow, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1905, p. 204.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 21
Type.——Mus. Comp. Zool. No. 8017.
Type locality—Cerro de los Estropajos, near Jalapa, Veracruz,
Mexico.
Range.—Known from the type locality, and Cuautlapan, Veracruz.
Genus OEDIPINA Keferstein
Oedipina Krrersrein, Nachr. Ges. Géttingen, vol. 15, 1868, p. 331.—Taytor,
Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, pp. 226-228.
Genotype.—Oedipina uniformis Keferstein.
Range.—Central Veracruz to Colombia.
Species.—Seven, one occurring in Mexico.
OEDIPINA LINEOLA (Cope)
Spelerpes lineolus Corn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1865, p. 197.
Opheobatrachus lineolus Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 21, 1869,
pp. 101-102.
Oedipina lineolus Corr, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 32, 1887, p. 8; Amer. Nat., 1896,
p. 1022.
Oedipus lineolus Dunn, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 12, 1924,
pp. 99-100.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp.
294-295, pl. 29, fig. 3.
Spelerpes (Oedipus) infuscatus? Peters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1879,
p. 778 (“Haiti,” in error; Berlin Mus. No. 6556).
Type.—Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia No. 735.
Type locality—‘‘Mexican Tableland.” Probably eastern central
Veracruz, below 4,000 feet.
Range.—FEastern central Veracruz, between 2,000 and 4,000 feet
above sea level. Recorded or known from Jalapa, Cuautlapan, San
Lorenzo, Metlac, and San Juan de Gracia in Veracruz.
Genus MAGNADIGITA Taylor
Magnadigita Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 218.
Genotype.—Bolitoglossa nigroflavescens Taylor.
Range.—Central Veracruz to Colombia and Venezuela.
Species.—Fourteen are recorded, three of which occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF MAGNADIGITA
1. An irregular, dorsolateral light line on each side___---------- sulcata (p. 22)
nNaisuchuliticion Gach cide. fi i it Cv ina? 9 Pea let SUEY cesar
2. Gray to purplish black above, the tail darker than body; lower sides and
venter lighter, cream or yellowish cream, usually with large, irregular,
yellow-green to yellowish spots ------------------ nigroflavescens (p. 22)
Black above, making a gradual transition to the lighter underside of belly
and neck; a few silver-gray flecks on sides, back, and first third of
UML ee ee ns re pe eee, See ere eee Se oe oe macrinii (p. 22)
22 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
MAGNADIGITA SULCATA (Brocchi)”
Spelerpes sulcatum Broccut, Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l’Amérique
centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 3, 1883, p. 112, pl. 20, fig. 2.
Type.—Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris.
Type locality —Mexico.
Range.—Unknown.
MAGNADIGITA NIGROFLAVESCENS (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa nigroflavescens Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp.
150-152, pl. 8, pl. 9, figs. 9-10.
Magnadigita nigroflavescens Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 218.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 111169.
Type locality Cerro Ovando, Chiapas, Mexico, elevation between
5,000 and 6,000 feet. :
Range.—Known only from type locality.
MAGNADIGITA MACRINII (Lafrentz)
Oedipus macrinit LarrEeNntTz, Abh. Ber. Mus. Magdeburg, vol. 6, 1930, pp. 150—
152.71
Bolitoglossa macriniit Taytor, Herpetologica, vol. 2, 1941, p. 65.
Magnadigita macrintt Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 218.
Type.—Museum Madgeburg N. V. 52/29.
Type locality.—Cerro Espino, 1,000 meters, near Concordia, Oaxaca,
Mexico.
Range.—Known from the type locality.
Genus BOLITOGLOSSA Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril
Bolitoglossa (part) Dum#érit, Brsron, and Dumiirit, Erpétologie générale, vol. 9,
1854, p. 88.
Genotype.—Bolitoglossa mexicana Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril
(=—Salamandra platydactylus Gray).
Range.—Eastern San Luis Potosi to Paré, Brazil, and northern
Bolivia.
Species—Twenty are recorded, of which six are known from
Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF BOLITOGLOSSA
1. Teeth absent on maxilla; diminutive form; tail much shorter than head
and bod yok 5 kek dene apy ye He Me Li ei eeranerm ae aR eee ee rufescens (p. 23)
Teeth present on maxilla, arising from a flat surface, not from edge of jaw- 2
2. Diminutive species; tail much shorter than head and body.
occidentalis (p. 23)
_ »% Generic allocation uncertain, since the type (the only known specimen) has not been examined.
© %1 Also described as a new species in Lafrentz, Blitter fiir Aquar.-Terr., vol. 32, Feb. 28, 1931, pp. 55-56,
1 fig. This actually may have antedated the publication referred to here.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 23
Large species, the tail in adults as long as, nearly as long as, or a little
longer than head and body : 3
See ieessandapelly: blackish Sse. 3s. 2, Stl ioe poe vial) arp. nT 4
Belly cream, immaculate (or rarely with slight pigmentation).
flaviventris (p. 24)
4. Vomerine teeth in a single series usually____._.-..___...--._22____2 =. 5
Vomerine teeth in several short series (‘‘patch’’)_________ yucatana (p. 25)
5. Dorsum orange to orange-brown with usually a dark triangular occip-
ital spot and often a few irregular or rounded, small, dorsal, black
SRLATKSESEe ce USE a ee 2 PL Ae as platydactyla 2? (p. 23)
Dorsum yellowish or cream with numerous dark spots occasionally
forming continuous lines, or rows of black spots; belly and sides with
Binatiecreani-flecKso +2. -tiSs24 2... Lee lina. sink ece moreleti (p. 24)
BOLITOGLOSSA RUFESCENS (Cope)
Oedipus rufescens Cor, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 21, 1869, p. 104.
Bolitoglossa rufescens 'TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, p. 145.
Type.—Apparently lost.
Type locality.—Orizaba, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—San Luis Potosi to Guatemala, Atlantic drainage. Known
or reported from San Luis Potosi: 3 miles north of Huichihuayén;
Veracruz: Cérdoba, El Potrero, Mata de Cafia, Potrero Viejo, Cuaut-
lapan, Pefiuela, Presidio, Tezonapa; Oaxaca: Santa Efigenia; Tabasco:
no specific locality; Chiapas: Palenque; Petén: Piedras Negras.
BOLITOGLOSSA OCCIDENTALIS Tayijor
Bolitoglossa occidentalis TayLtor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp.
145-147, text fig. 1, C, pl. 9, figs. 1-4.
fyge—U..5. No M. No: 111085. a
Type locality.—La Esperanza, near Escuintla, Chiapas, Mexico.*
Range.—Pacific drainage areas of Chiapas, Guatemala, and probably
of Oaxaca. Known from the type locality and Finca Judrez, Chiapas,
in Mexico.
BOLITOGLOSSA PLATYDACTYLA (Gray)
Salamandra variegata Gray, Supplement, in Griffith and Pidgeon’s “ Animal
Kingdom . . .,’”’ vol. 9, 1831, p. 107 (not of Bory de St. Vincent, 1829, Dict.
Class Hist. Nat., vol. 15, p. 68; Mexico, types in Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist.).
Oedipus variegatus Gray, Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia of the British
Museum, 1850, p. 48.
Spelerpes variegatus Straucu, Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersbourg, ser. 7, vol. 16,
1870, p. 84.
Geotriton variegata GARMAN, Bull. Essex Inst., vol. 16, 1884, p. 39.
Salamandra platydactylus GRay, Supplement, in Griffith and Pidgeon’s ‘‘ Animal
Kingdom .. .,’’ vol. 9, 1831, p. 107.
acon eeoecinens from the Potrero Viejo region of Veracruz have the vomerine teeth in a “patch,” where-
as others taken at the same time and place, and presumably of the same age, have only a single continuous
series,
24 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Oedipus platydactylus Tscuupt, Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuch4tel, vol. 2, 1838, p. 58.—
Dunn, The salamanders of the family Plethodontidae, 1926, pp. 400—403.—
Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 297-299, pl. 28,
fig. 1.—Sruart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 56, 1943,
pl. 2, fig. 1.
Bolitoglossa platydactyla Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 219.
Bolitoglossa mexicana Dumfrit, Brpron, and Dumé&rin, Erpétologie générale,
vol. 9, 1854, pp. 93-97, pl. 104, fig. 1 (part only, cotypes in Mus. Hist. Nat.
Paris, from Veracruz, Oaxaca, México, and (?) Dolores in Petén).
Spelerpes mexicanum Broccut, Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l’ Amérique
centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 3, 1883, pp. 113-114 (part), pl. 28 bis, figs. 1-4
(restricts the name to a cotype from Veracruz).
Salamandra togata DuM&RiL, Bipron, and Dumsérit, Erpétologie générale, vol. 9,
1854, p. 94 (type that of B. mexicana).
Geotriton carbonarius CorE, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 12, 1860, p.
373 (Jalapa, Veracruz, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Nos. 503-504).
?Spelerpes punctatum Broccut, Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans |’ Amérique
centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 3, 1883, p. 115 (Mexico, types presumably in
Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris).
Type.—Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist., those of S. variegata Gray.
Type locality.—Mexico.
Range.—From San Luis Potosi south to southern Veracruz and
Oaxaca, below elevations of about 3,500 feet. Aside from the type
locality it is known or reported from San Luis Potost: 15 miles south
of Valles, Tamazunchale, Huichihuay4n; Hidalgo: Chapulhuacén;
Veracruz: Jalapa, Orizaba, Motzorongo, Achotal, Cuautlapan, Potrero
Viejo, Cerro Gordo, Mata de Cafia, Tezonapa, Cuatotolapam, San
Juan de la Punta, Presidio, 5 miles east of Cérdoba, near San Lorenzo;
Oaxaca: San Cristébal.
BOLITOGLOSSA FLAVIVENTRIS (Schmidt)
Oedipus flaviventris Scumipt, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 20, 1936,
pp. 148-150.
Bolitoglossa flaviventris TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 219.
Spelerpes salvinit Broccut (nec Gray), Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans
V’ Amérique centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 3, 1883, p. 117, pl. 18, figs. 3, 4.
Oedipus salvinii Taytor (nec Gray), Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938
(1939), pp. 296-297, pl. 28, fig. 2.
Type —U.S. N. M. No. 46922.
Type locality—Chicharras, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Pacific coast of Chiapas. Recorded from the type locality
and La Esperanza, Chiapas. Specimens in the U.S. National Museum
are from ‘‘Tehuantepec.”’
BOLITOGLOSSA MORELETI Smith
Bolitoglossa mexicana Dumérit, Brrron, and Dummer, Erpétologie générale,
vol. 9, 1854, pp. 96-97 (part).—Tayior and Sarrn, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 95, 1945, pp. 545-547, fig. 58.
~
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 25
Oedipus mexicanus ScumipT, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 20, 1936,
pp. 146-147 (part).—Srvuarr, Mise. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No.
56, 1943, pl. 2, fig. 2 (part).
Bolitoglossa moreleti Smiru, Herpetologica, vol. 3, 1945, pp. 14-19.
Type.—U. S. N. M. No. 116079.
Type locality —Palenque, Chiapas.
Range.— Atlantic slopes of Chiapas and Petén, Guatemala. Re-
corded in Mexico only from the type locality.
BOLITOGLOSSA YUCATANA (Peters)
Spelerpes (Oedipus) yucatanus PETERS, Sitzb. Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin, 1882,
pp. 1387-138.
Spelerpes yucatanicus BOULENGER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia of the
British Museum, ed. 2, 1882, p. 72 (Yucatén, Mexico; type Brit. Mus.).
Bolitoglossa yucatana Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 219.
Type.—Mus. Nat. Berlin No. 10231.
Type locality —Yucatén, Mexico.
Range.—Yucatén, Mexico; northern Guatemala.
Genus PSEUDOEURYCEA Taylor
Pseudoeurycea TAYLOR, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull, vol. 30, 1944, pp. 209, 212.
Genotype.—Spelerpes leprosus Cope.
Range—Zacatecas and Nuevo Leén southward to Guatemala.
Species—LHighteen forms are recorded, three of which are sub-
species of P. cephalica; all but three occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF PSEUDOEURYCEA
1. Body black or lead color in life, with paired series of red or orange mark-
ings; very large forms-_-_.--------------------------------------- 2
Body without dorsal red or red-orange Markings] |. oe see ae oe eae 3
2. A pair of large red marks on occiput; adpressed limbs in males separated
by three costal folds; teeth less numerous__--------------- bellii (p. 26)
No pair of red or orange spots on head; adpressed limbs of males touch or
are separated by a single costal fold; teeth more numerous- gigantea (p. 27)
3. Premaxillary teeth of males large, bifid, the outer section elongate,
curved, clawlike.__.....--2.25- Jeu 352-48 22S a sso a == == tt
Premaxillary teeth of males lacking an elongate clawlike terminal part-. 7
4. Paired series of small yellow spots on back and one lateral series, more
or less GistinGh... =.= coe ne oe ee ae eae eee =e 5
No series of dorsal or lateral light spots_-_--------------------------- 6
5. Lavender above, yellow cream below; limbs proportionally shorter, teeth
ROWEDSINE ABS eLICS ee aaa oe eee eee aa gadovii (p. 27)
Black above, gray-black below, limbs proportionally longer; teeth more
MILTMETOUS ee eee ees 2 See melanomolga (p. 27)
6. Usually uniform olive or gray-olive above; limbs longer, touching or over-
lapping somewhat in adults; hands and feet larger_. unguidentis (p. 27)
Olive to gray or brownish with some dark-brown or reddish-brown flecks,
the costal grooves usually with a dark line; limbs shorter, the adpressed
limbs separated by two or more costal folds-_------------- smithi (p. 28)
26 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
7. Web including none to about half of proximal phalanx of middle digits__ 8
Web between middle toes including entire phalanx; toes broad, narrow-
ing toward fips.) os Ao. eee Bea ee Ae ae 12
8. Maxillary-premaxillary teeth less than 30 on each side_______________ 9
Maxillary-premaxillary teeth 40 or more on each side_________________ 11
9. Tail short, about 70 percent of head-body length ; adpressed limbs sepa-
rated by two costal folds; body dark or blackish brown with numerous
small virreculan darkespots. 2. 2.0. $= 9813 cochranae (p. 28)
Tail longer, about 90 to 100 percent of head-body length; adpressed
limbs separated by one costal fold or touch, in adults__._.__________ 10
10. Teeth less numerous (22-24); body brownish to brownish gray with
cream flecks (rarely darker flecks)___-____________ altamontana (p. 28)
Teeth 19-20; a red-brown, fawn, or orange dorsal stripe___ robertsi (p. 28)
11. Teeth small with reddish-brown tips; toes not widened terminally; maxil-
lary-premaxillary teeth about 40 on each side___________ leprosa (p. 28)
Teeth not tipped with red-brown; teeth large, about 50 in maxillary-pre-
maxillary series; toes widened at tips.__________ nigromaculata (p. 29)
12. Large (70 mm. snout to vent); maxillary-premaxillary teeth 59 on one
side; vomerine teeth 18-20; tail, rarely body, spotted white; terminal
pads under digit tips well developed__________________ galeanae (p. 29)
Smaller, not exceeding 60 mm. snout to vent________________________ 13
13. Body dark, limbs red; tip of tail red or lighter colored than body.
cephalica rubrimembris (p. 30)
Limbs not red, tail usually colored like ody Sh) Se SRe 7 weirs eee eee ee 14
14. Body in life lead-colored, flecked and clouded with cream-white, espe-
cially on venter; central western plateau________ cephalica manni (p. 30)
Body uniformly colored, lacking light flecks; eastern plateau.
cephalica cephalica (p. 29)
PSEUDOEURYCEA BELLII (Gray)
Oedipus platydactylus Barrp, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 1,
1849, p. 286 (nec Salamandra platydactylus Cuvier).
Spelerpes belli Gray, Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia of the British Mu-
seum, 1850, p. 46.
Oedipus bellit DunN, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 62, 1918, p. 471.—Taytor, Univ.
Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 264-266, pl. 27, figs. 1, 2.
Bolitoglossa belliit Tayuor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 54, 1941, p. 77.
Pseudoeurycea bellit Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Bolitoglossa mexicana Dumérit, Bisron, and Dumérit, Erpétologie générale,
vol. 9, 1854, p. 93 (part), pl. 104, fig. 2.
Type.—Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist.
Type locality — Mexico.
Range.—High elevations, Nayarit southeastward to Querétaro and
western Puebla; also in the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero and the
central mountains of Oaxaca. Known or reported from Jalisco:
Belén, Cumbre de los Arrastrados, Talpa, Mascota, Guadalajara;
Nayarit: Sierra de Nayarit, Tepic; Michoacdn: Paétzcuaro, Tangan-
zicuaro, Carapa; Oaxaca: Putla, Cerro San Felipe near Oaxaca, Mount
Zempoaltepec; Guanajuato: Guanajuato; Querétaro: San Juan del
Rio; Hidalgo: Guerrero; México: 10 miles west of Villa Victoria,
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 27
Nevado de Toluca; Guerrero: Omilteme; Tlaxcala: no specific locality;
Morelos: Lakes of Zempoala; Puebla: 2 miles east of Rio Frio, México.
PSEUDOEURYCEA GIGANTEA (Taylor)
Oedipus giganteus TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp.
266-269, pl. 27, figs. 3, 4.
Bolitoglossa gigantea TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, p. 112.
Pseudoeurycea gigantea Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Type—Mus. Comp. Zool. No. 8435.
Type locality Jalapa, Veracruz.
Range.—Known from eastern Hidalgo, northern Puebla and high-
lands of northern Veracruz. Besides the type locality, spectmens are
known from Hidalgo: near Santa Anita; Puebla: near Tezuitlin;
Veracruz: Cofre de Perote.
PSEUDOEURYCEA GADOVIE (Dunn)
Oedipus gadovit Dunn, The salamanders of the family Plethodontidae, 1926,
pp. 437-438.
B. (olitoglossa) gadovit Taytor, Herpetologica, vol. 2, 1941, p. 58.
Pseudoeurycea gadovit TAYLoR, Univ. of Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Type.—Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. No. 1903.9.30.312.
Type locality—Xometla, 8,500 feet elevation, Mount Orizaba,
Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Mount Orizaba, in Puebla and Veracruz; known also from
Mount Malintzin (Malinche), Puebla.
PSEUDOEURYCEA MELANOMOLGA (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa melanomolga Taytor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 54, 1941,
pp. 81-83.
Pseudoeurycea melanomolge Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 24626.
Type locality.—20 kilometers north of San Autonio Limén (Totalco),
Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality, and from Tezuitlin,
Puebla.
PSEUDOEURYCEA UNGUIDENTIS (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa unguidentis TayLor, Herpetologica, vol. 2, 1941, pp. 57-62, figs.
1 A-C, C-D, 3 A-B.
Pseudoeurycea unguidentis TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Type.-—EKHT-HMS No. 17102.
Type locality —Cerro San Felipe, 15 kilometers northeast of Oaxaca,
Mexico, elevation 2,200 meters.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
28 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
PSEUDOEURYCEA SMITHI (Taylor)
Oedipus sulcatus Dunn (nec Brocchi), The salamanders of the family Plethodonti-
dae, 1926, pp. 364-366, fig. 60 (map).
Oedipus smithi TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 269-272,
4 pl. 25, figs. 5-6.
Bolitoglossa smithi TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), p. 418.
Pseudoeurycea smithi TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Type—EHT-HMS No. 3966.
Type locality.—Cerro de San Luis, 15 miles northeast (not northwest)
of Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from Cerro San Felipe and Cerro San Luis,
Oaxaca.
PSEUDOEURYCEA COCHRANAE (Tayler)
Bolitoglossa cochranae Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 29, 1943, pp. 343-345.
Pseudoeurycea cochranae TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Type.-—EHT-HMS No. 24594.
Type locality —Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
PSEUDOEURYCEA ALTAMONTANA (Taylor)
Oedipus altamontanus TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp.
272-274, pl. 25, figs. 3-4.
Bolitoglossa altamontana Taytor, Herpetologica, vol. 2, 1941, p. 57.
Pseudoeurycea altamonitana TAYLOR, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Type-—KHT-HMS No. 12245.
Type locality—Lake Zempoala (Cempoala), Morelos, Mexico,
elevation 10,500 feet.
Range.—Known from type locality and from the west slope of
Mount Popocatépetl.
PSEUDCEURYCEA ROBERTSI (Taylor)
Oedipus robertst Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 287—
289, pl. 26, fig. 2.
Pseudoeurycea robertst Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Type.-—EHT-HMS No. 12503.
Type locality—Nevado de Toluca, México, elevation 10,000 to
11,000 feet.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
PSEUDOEURYCEA LEPROSA (Cope)
Spelerpes leprosus Core (part), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 21, 1869,
pp. 105-106.
Oedipus leprosus Dunn, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 62, 1918, p. 470.—Taytor,
Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 19388 (1939), pp. 274-276, pl. 29, fig. 2.
Bolitoglossa leprosa Tayutor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, p. 143.
Pseudoeurycea leprosa Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 29
?Spelerpes laticeps Broccut, Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l’ Amérique
centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 3, 1883, p. 110, pl. 18, fig. 1 (Veracruz, Mexico;
Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris).
Spelerpes orizabensis Buatcnury, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 16, 1893, p. 37
(Mount Orizaba, Veracruz; U. S. N. M. Nos. 19266-19267).
Oedipus orizabensis Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp.
280-283, pl. 25, figs. 1, 2.
Spelerpes gibbicaudus Buatcuury, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 16, 1893, pp. 38-39
(same type specimen as Spelerpes leprosus).
Oedipus cephalicus DuNN (part), The salamanders of the family Plethodontidae,
1926, pp. 380-384, fig. 67 (map).
Type.—Originally U.S.N.M. No. 6340; now U.S.N.M. No. 19255.
Type locality —Orizaba, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—High mountains of Puebla, Veracruz, Morelos, México,
and Distrito Federal. Known or reported from Distrito Federal:
mountains near EH] Guardia, Vaile Alegre (Ajusco), Kilometer 35 on
road between Mexico City and Tres Cumbres, Morelos, Desierto de
los Leones; México: West slopes of Mount Popocatépetl, Llano Grande;
Morelos: near Tres Cumbres, Lakes of Zempoala; Puebla: region about
Rio Frio, México, west slope of Cerro Negro, near Tezuitlin; Veracruz:
near Las Vigas, Cruz Blanca, 17 kilometers northeast of Totalco.
PSEUDOEURYCEA NIGROMACULATA (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa nigromaculata TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp.
141-145, text figs. 1A, 1B, pl. 9, figs. 5-6.
Pseudoeurycea nigromaculata 'TAyLoR, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944,
p. 209.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 110635.
Type locality —Cuautlapan, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
PSEUDOEURYCEA GALEANAE (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa galaenae (sic, error typ.) Taytor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol.
54, 1941, pp. 83-85.
Pseudoeurycea galeanae Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 209.
Type —EHT-HMS. No. 17146.
Type locality—Near Galeana, Nuevo Leén, Mexico, 7,000 feet
elevation.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
PSEUDOEURYCEA CEPHALICA CEPHALICA (Cope)
Spelerpes cephalicus Copr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1865,
. 196.
Denepis cephalicus Dunn, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 12, 1924,
p. 99.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 283-287,
pl. 26, figs. 3, 4.
Pseudoeurycea cephalica cephalica Tayitor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944,
p. 209.
757435—48——3
30 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
?Spelerpes laticeps Broccui, Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l’Amérique
centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 3, 1883, p. 110, pl. 18, fig. 1 (Mus. Hist. Nat.
Paris, Veracruz).
Type.—Lost (fide Dunn); neotype EHT-HMS No. 4372, Cruz
Blanca, Veracruz.
Type locality.—‘‘Mexican Tableland,” Mexico.
Range.—Veracruz, Puebla, México, and Morelos. Known or re-
ported from Veracruz: Cruz Blanca, north slope of Cofre de Perote up
to 10,500 feet, Pan de Olla, 17 kilometers north of Totalco, Tequeyu-
tepec, 2 kilometers west of Acultzingo; Puebla: between Rio Frio and
Puebla; 2 miles east of Rio Frio; Morelos: Tres Cumbres, Lakes of
Zempoala; Aférico: Rio Frio, Llano Grande, 10 miles west of Villa
Victoria, Mount Popocatépetl.
PSEUDOEURYCEA CEPHALICA RUBRIMEMBRIS (Taylor and Smith)
Bolitoglossa cephalica rubrimembris Taytor and Smita, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus.,
vol, 95, 1945, pp. 5389-541.
Type.—U. 8S. N. M. No. 110661.
Type locality. Six kilometers south of Santa Anita, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Range.—Northern Hidalgo, at high elevations (about 4,500 feet).
PSEUDOEURYCEA CEPHALICA MANNI (Taylor)
Oedipus manni Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 277-280.
Pseudoeurycea cephalica manni Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944,
p. 209.
Type.—Mus. Comp. Zool. No. 3915.
Type locality —Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Range.—High mountains of southern Hidalgo.
Genus CHIROPTEROTRITON Taylor
Chiropterotriton TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, pp. 213-218.
Genotype.—Oedipus multidentatus Taylor.
Range.—Hidalgo to Honduras and possibly Costa Rica.
Species.—Ten, possibly eleven;* nine occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF CHIROPTEROTRITON
1. Nostrils large in adults; limbs separated by 4 to 5 costal folds; para-
sphenoid tooth groups close together; diminutive species, maximum
size 28 mm. snout to vent; terrestrial._..._____._-- dimidiata (p. 31)
Nostrils small in adults. 2. 322 oe es 2
2. Skull poorly ossified in adults; adpressed limbs separated by two costal
folds; maxillary-premaxillary teeth about 20 on each side in females,
16 to 18 in males on each side; tail longer than head and body; para-
sphenoid teeth closely approximated; terrestrial._.._ chondrostega (p. 31)
38 By tentative allocation here of Chiropterotriton picadoi (Stejneger).
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 31
Skull normally well ossified in adults__2 0023 7_U de 3
3. Maxillary-premaxillary series of teeth not greatly reduced in males
(more than half) ; tails distinctly longer than head and body__________ 4
Maxillary-premaxillary teeth greatly reduced in adult males, usually
less than half number of teeth in females___._______________._______ 6
4. Teeth larger, curved; arms touch or overlap when adpressed; digits more
dilated at tips; maxillary-premaxillary series about 21 on each side;
females darker on venter than males; arboreal_________ arborea (p. 32)
mreth not-especially largeor eurved__£22-_... -.- 9 22.2_.-5__._.. 5
5. Digits less dilated at tips; maxillary-premaxillary tooth series about 34
in females, 25 in males; teeth not elongate or noticeably curved; males
and females white below; terrestrial or arboreal_____ multidentata (p. 32)
Maxillary-premaxillary tooth series 25 to 31; vomerine teeth 8 to 13;
limbs overlap width of 2 costal folds; second finger longer than fourth;
RERCC SOTA Peco 2 Set Joe tla oe ea th rey ae an e mosaueri (p. 32)
6. Adpressed limbs touch or overlap in both sexes; maxillary-premaxillary
teeth 25 in adult females, 5 to 8 in adult males; vomerine teeth about
PREatOGCa le af. ket. ee See ae ee eS lavae (p. 32)
Adpressed limbs separated usually in both sexes (may touch in zolocalcae
Baa eee a PS vee hs See Coe 5 PRED Dee tReet oaieee e 7
7. Surface of head not roughened, not flattened especially; terrestrial______ 8
Head flattened, the surface somewhat roughened; adpressed limbs sepa-
rated by about one costal fold in females, may touch in males; vomerine
teeth 13 on each side; maxillary-premaxillary teeth 36 on each side
iMUateMalessraT Ores lees ase ee a eee ee ee ee xolocalcae (p. 33)
8. Adpressed limbs separated by from 2 to 4 costal folds; females about 24
maxillary-premaxillary teeth on each side, males 6 to 8; vomerine teeth
Oe 0/3 TENS eae ae * a ee ae nel Pe eee chiroptera (p. 32)
Adpressed limbs separated by from 1% to 3 costal folds; females 25 to 27
maxillary-premaxillary teeth, males 13 or 14; vomerine teeth 4 or 5;
Smialleneers ameter see hey ae te Ao eee terrestris (p. 33)
CHIROPTEROTRITON DIMIDIATA (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa dimidiata Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1989 (1940), pp.
408-411, figs. 1-2.
Chiropterotriton dimidiata TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 216.
Type —EKHT-HMS No. 17677.
Type locality—Guerrero, near Mineral del Monte, southern Hidalgo,
Mexico.
Range.—Hidalgo. Known only from the type locality and the
nearby El Chico National Park.
CHIROPTEROTRITON CHONDROSTEGA (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa chondrostega TAyLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp. 113-
alse
Chiropterotriton chondrostega Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944,
p. 216.
Type —EHT-HMS No. 17304.
Type locality Durango, Hidalgo, Mexico, elevation 5,000 to 6,000
feet.
Range.—Northern Hidalgo. Known only from the type locality.
32 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
CHIROPTEROTRITON ARBOREA (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa arborea Taytor, Herpetologica, vol. 2, 1941, pp. 62-65, figs. 4 a-c,
5 a-c.
Chiropterotriton arborea Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 216.
Type-—EKHT-HMS No. 16743.
Type locality —Near Tianguistengo, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality and vicinity.
CHIROPTEROTRITON MULTIDENTATA (Taylor)
Oedipus multidentata Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1988 (1989),
pp. 289-291, pl. 29, fig. 1.
Bolitoglossa multidentata TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
p. 407.
Chiropterotriton multidentata TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944,
p. 216.
Type.——Mus. Comp. Zool. No. 14812.
Type locality—Alvarez (Kilometer 53, on Potosi y Rio Verde
Railroad), San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
Range.—San Luis Potosi and Hidalgo. Reported from El Chico
National Park in Hidalgo.
CHIROPTEROTRITON MOSAUERI (Woodall)
Oedipus mosauerti Woopauu, Oec. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 444,
1941, pp. 1-4.
Chiropterotriton mosauert Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 80, 1944, p. 216.
Type-—Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool. No. 88839.
Type locality—Durango, Hidalgo, Mexico, 7,200 feet elevation.
Range—Known only from the type locality.
CHIROPTEROTRITON LAVAE (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa lavae Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 295-298,
pl. 27, figs. 5-6.
Chiropierotriton lavae TaAyLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 80, 1944, p. 216.
Type —EHT-HMS No. 28937.
Type locality —2 miles west of La Joya, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known from Toxtlacuaya and La Joya, Veracruz.
CHIROPTEROTRITON CHIROPTERA (Cope)
Spelerpes chiropterus Corn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 15, 1868, p 54.
Oedipus chiropterus DUNN, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 12, 1924,
pp. 99-100.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp.
291-298.
Bolitoglossa chiroptera TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 410-411.
Chiropterotriton chiroptera TAyLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 216.
“Spelerpes orculus Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1865, pp.
196-197 (‘‘Mexican Table Land”’; types lost).
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 33
Type.—Unknown.
Type locality—Mirador, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Puebla, Veracruz, México, Morelos. Recorded or known
from Puebla: near Rio Frio, Mount Popocatépetl; México: Llano
Grande, Rio Frio, northwestern slope Mount Popocatépetl; Veracruz:
Cruz Blanca, Cofre de Perote up to 11,000 feet, near Vigas, 17-20
kilometers north of Totalco (San Antonio Limén), Toxtlacuaya;
Distrito Federal: Desierto de los Leones; Morelos: Tres Cumbres,
Lakes of Zempoala, Mount Ajusco.
CHIROPTEROTRITON TERRESTRIS (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa terrestris TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp. 115-117.
Chiropterotriton terrestris TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 216.
Type—KHT-HMS No. 23354.
Type locality.—Six miles south of Tianguistengo, Hidalgo, Mexico,
elevation about 5,000 feet.
Range.—Hidalgo. Recorded from the regions about Tianguistengo
and Zacualtipén, Hidalgo.
CHIROPTEROTRITON XOLOCALCAE (Taylor)
Bolitoglossa xolocalcae Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp. 148-150,
pl. 7, pl. 9, figs. 7, 8.
Chiropterotriton xolocalcae TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 216.
Type—vU.S.N.M. No. 1113871.
Type locality —Cerro Ovando, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.— Known only from type locality.
Order SALIENTIA Laurenti
Salientia LavRENTI, Synopsin reptilium, 1768, p. 24.
KEY TO MEXICAN SUBORDERS OF SALIENTIA
1. Sacral vertebra procoelous, fused to the coccyx, 8 presacral vertebrae
uniformly procoelous or amphicoelous (with free intervertebral balls)
(spRderootewOaGs ieee ss 42 Ss Soa ee ee Anomocoela (p. 91)
Sacral vertebra not fused to coccyx; a double, posterior condyle, for
ANCL MIs LIONIOl COCCY Ka. = 22 ce So Se ee oe i eee ola he 2
2. Centrum of sacral vertebra concave anteriorly__-----.--------------- 3
Centrum of sacral vertebra convex anteriorly; eighth vertebra bicon-
cave; 7 preceding vertebrae procoelous, rarely the first two, and
rarely eighth and sacral, fused (true frogs and narrow-mouthed
Lon ts) Meee eran ENR Cn ey ee eee Diplasiocoela (p. 91)
3. Sacral vertebra and eight presacral vertebrae uniformly procoelous (true
TONGS MCTECTLOACE ELC) ec a eee a eee ee Procoela (p. 36)
Presacral vertebrae opisthocoelous, the intervertebral disks partly or
wholly fused with anterior faces of centra (Rhinophrynus).
Opisthocoela (p. 34)
34 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Suborder OPISTHOCOELA Nicholls
Opisthocoela NicHouuis, Proc. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 128, 1915-1916 (1916),
p. 86.
Family RHINOPHRYNIDAE Giinther *
Rhinophrynidae GUNTHER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the collection
of the British Museum, 1858 (1859), p. 127.
Genus RHINOPHRYNUS Duméril and Bibron
Rhinophrynus Dumérit and Bisron, Erpétologie générale, vol. 8, 1841, p. 757-
758.—Kertuoae, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 17, 24-25.— WaLxmrR,
Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 372, 1938, pp. 1-11, figs. 1-3.
-Genotype.—Rhinophrynus dorsalis Duméril and Bibron.
Range.—Tamaulipas to Guatemala.
Species.—One.
RHINOPHRYNUS DORSALIS Duméril and Bibron
Rhinophrynus dorsalis Dumf&RIL and Brpron, Erpétologie générale, vol. 8, 1841,
pp. 758-760, Atlas, 1854, pl. 91, figs. 2, 2a.—Orron, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool.
Univ. Michigan, No. 472, 1948, pp. 1-7, pl. 1 (tadpole) —Taytor and
Smitru, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 550-551, pl. 2, fig. 2.
Rhinophryne dorsalis Gapow, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1905, vol. 2, pp. 193-205.
Rhinophrynus rostratus Broccui, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 1, 1877. p.
196 (Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico; types in Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris).
Type.—Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris No. 693 (No. 743).
Type locality. Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Atlantic lowlands from Tamaulipas and Pacific lowlands
from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec southward to Guatemala, including
Yucatan. The species has been reported from Tamaulipas: Hacienda
la Clementina; Veracruz: Potrero Viejo, Veracruz, Cérdoba, Hacienda
Cerro del Gallo, Tuxpam, Cuatotolapam; Oaxaca: Tehuantepec,
borders of the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Tuxtepec; Chiapas: La Esperanza,
Cruz de Piedra, Colonia Soconusco; Campeche: Tuxpefia Camp,
Champotén, Encarnacién; Tabasco: Montecristo; Yucatén: Chichen
Itzi; Quintana Roo: Xcopen.
Suborder ANOMOCOELA Nicholls
Anomocoela Nicuo.tus, Proc. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 128, 1915-1916 (1916), p. 86.
Family PELOBATIDAE Lataste
Pelobatidae Larastz, Compte Rendu Assoc. Frang. Avan. Sci., 1878 (1879), pp.
761-762.
2 Formerly placed in the suborder Procoela. Its true relationships have been shown by Walker (Occ.
Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 372, 1938, pp. 1-11) on the basis of adult anatomy and by Orton
(ibid., No. 472, 1943, pp. 1-7) on the basis of larval anatomy.
jue ee ei
Cha en Pieces sidan So
|
;
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 35
Genus SCAPHIOPUS Holbrook
Scaphiopus Housroox, North American herpetology, ed. 1, vol. 1, 1836, p. 85.
Spea Corz, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 6, 1866, p. 81
(genotype, Scaphiopus bumbifrons Cope).
Genotype—Scaphiopus solitarius Holbrook=Scaphiopus holbrookii
(Harlan).
Range-—New England and British Columbia southward through
Mexico as far as Cape San Lucas and the southern edge of the plateau
in Oaxaca.
Species.—EKight forms are recorded, two of which are subspecies of
S. holbrookw; three occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF SCAPHIOPUS
1. Width of an eyelid equal to or very slightly less than the interorbital
space; eye as long as the snout or a little shorter; skin of head somewhat
involved in the cranial ossification in fully adult specimens; dorsal
markings a broad reticulum of dark brown or black on a cream or light
fanspackeround ss 74 ans sees a Lo eee eee ease couchii (p. 35)
Width of an eyelid 1% to 1% of the interorbital distance; length of eye
1% to nearly twice the length of snout; skin of head not involved in the
cranial ossification; dorsal pattern not a dark reticulation on a lighter
packpround=§ =J220V 100 Wy 216k oY Eee Jee. oie) wii NS aR 2
2. Hand small and all digits slender; heel not reaching tympanum; dorsal
tubercles small, irregular, often arising from a black base; 61 mm.
hammondii (p. 36)
Hand and foot larger, the individual digits thicker; heel usually to tym-
panum or as far as anterior edge of eye; dorsal tubercles larger, rounded,
and much more numerous; parotoids often very distinct; 65 mm.
NERO SIGE Se tm ee ae ee ee a eee eS multiplicatus (p. 36)
SCAPHIOPUS COUCHII Baird
Scaphiopus couchit Bairp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p.
62.—Kertioee, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 20-21.—Taytor, Univ.
Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 24, 1936 (1988), p. 508, pl. 44.
?Scaphiopus varians Cork, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 15, 1863, pp.
52-53 (Cape San Lucas, Baja California; type U.S.N.M. No. 5893).
S{caphiopus] rectifrenis Corn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 15, 1863,
p. 53 (Tamaulipas; Rio Nazas, Coahuila; type U.S.N.M. Nos. 3715 [de-
stroyed] and 3714).
Type—-Two cotypes, originally U.S.N.M. Nos. 3713 and 3714,
the latter number referred to rectifrenis by Cope.
Type locality —Rio Nazas, Coahuila, and Matamoros, Tamaulipas,
Mexico.
Range.—Northern Mexico southward through San Luis Potost,
Nayarit, and Baja California. Recorded from the states of Tamauli-
pas, Nuevo Leén, Coahuila, San Luis Potosi, Chihuahua, Zacatecas,
Sonora, Baja California, Nayarit, and Sinaloa.
36 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
SCAPHIOPUS HAMMONDI Baird
Scaphiopus hammondii Barrp, Explorations and surveys for a railroad route from
the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, vol. 10, Williamson’s route, pt.
4, No. 4, 1857 (1859), p. 12, pl. 28, fig. 2.
Spea hammondit Corz, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 34, 1889, pp. 303-304, fig. 77.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 3695.
Type locality —F ort Reading, Calif.
Range.—British Columbia southward to northern Baja California,
and eastward in the north to extreme western Nevada, in the south to
central Texas, passing through northern Mexico, central Arizona, and
New Mexico. Reported from Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila,
Nuevo Leén, Tamaulipas, Sonora. (Other mainland records are
probably not of this species.)
SCAPHIOPUS MULTIPLICATUS Cope
S(caphiopus) multiplicatus Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 15,
1863, p. 52.—Tayuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 42-44, pl.
2, fig. 3, pl. 3, fig. 3.
Scaphiopus hammondii multiplicatus Knuttoae, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932,
pp. 19, 22-24.
Scaphiopus dugesii Broccut, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 3, 1879, p. 23
(Mexico; Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, No. 281a, two cotypes).
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 3694.
Type locality‘ Valley of Mexico’’; Mexico.
Range.—The plateau of central Mexico from Durango and Zacatecas
southward to Guerrero and Oaxaca. Recorded from the states of San
Luis Potosi, Guanajuato, Jalisco, México, Distrito Federal, Puebla,
Veracruz (western), Zacatecas, Durango, Aguascalientes, Guerrero,
and Oaxaca.
Suborder Procorua Nicholls
Procoela NicHo.uzs, Proce. Linn. Soe. London, vol. 128, 1915-1916 (1916), p. 87.
KEY TO MEXICAN FAMILIES OF PROCOELA
1. Maxillary and vomerine teeth absent; generally a distinctly visible paro-
bowl: lam = on = Se oe a ge ta 2
Maxillary teeth present; parotoid glands invisible; vomerine teeth
present inmost: generis 2 2528 ok eee he ee ee re 3
2. A conical tubercle on middle of inner edge of tarsus, marking end of
tarsal fold; terminal phalanges with nodular extremities.
Leptodactylidae % (p. 46)
No tubercle as described; terminal phalanges with T-shaped or simple
Extremities ss — oi... SAT le ee a pi ah ee ee are Bufonidae (p. 37)
3. No intercalary cartilage or bone between ultimate and penultimate
phalanges of each digit, supporting the claw-shaped or T-shaped termi-
nal joint; sacral diapophyses cylindrical or dilated. Leptedactylidae (p. 46)
An intercalary cartilage or bone supporting terminal phalanges, which
are generally claw-shaped; sacral diapophyses dilated-... Hylidae (p. 67)
25 Wngystomops only.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 37
Family BUFONIDAE Hogg
Bufonidae Hoaa, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. 7, 1841, p. 361.
Genus BUFO Laurenti
Bufo Laurent, Synopsin reptilium, 1768, p. 25.
Docidophryne FitzincER, Systema reptilium, fase. 1, 1848, p. 32 (genotype Bufo
Agua Daudin= (Rana) marina Linnaeus).
Anazyrus Tscuups, Untersuchungen tiber die Fauna Peruana, Herp., 1845, p. 78
(genotype Anazxyrus melancholicus Tschudi= Bufo compactilis Wiegmann).
Dromoplectrus CAMERANO, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, vol. 14, 1879, p. 882 (genotype
Dromoplectrus cnomalus Camerano= Bufo compactilis Wiegmann).
Genotype.—Bufo vulgaris Laurenti= (Rana) bufo Linnaeus, 1758.
Range.—World-wide except in sub-Arctic and Arctic regions and
excluding New Guinea, Polynesia, Australia, and Madagascar. In
the Americas, Hudson Bay, Labrador, Aleutian Islands, and Prince
William Sound (southern coast of central Alaska) southward through
South America.
Species—About 250 forms are known, and of these some 65 or 70
occur in the Americas; 22 occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF BUFO
1. An enlarged gland present on arm; two or more glands on leg; large, 147
alvarius (p. 39)
No well-defined enlarged gland present on arms, none on legs (glands
on legs only on Bufo boreas halophilus)_-..------------------------
2. The inner metatarsal tubercle horn covered, black_----.-------------- 3
Inner metatarsal tubercle not shovellike, lacking a horny, cutting edge,
MOtRCOVere dawathy blac ke horn = oe Seren ee ee eee a 6
3. Inner metatarsal tubercle a large, well-defined shovel with a rather sharp,
4
honiyercutting’edges 2. 2 ae eee a ee ee ce ee aoe
Inner metatarsal tubercle small, rather sharp-pointed, not shovel-shaped;
californicus (p. 41)
4. Tarsal fold very indistinct or absent; postorbital crest forming right angle
with the interorbital crest; 120 mm_---- woodhousii woodhousii (p. 40)
Tarsal fold present, distinct, but narrow - ---------------------------
5. Cranial crests poorly defined or absent; if present, an occipital crest may
be faintly indicated; 88 mm__..-__.-.------------- compactilis (p. 40)
A pair of strong supraorbital crests converging anteriorly to a bony boss
between the nostrils; angle between postorbital and interorbital crests
usually greater than a right angle; no occipital crest; 97 mm.
cognatus (p. 41)
6. Very large toads; parotoid gland very large, of greater area than side of
head; prominent cranial crests; parotoids usually colored different
istaeDOG\ eee ee ee ae os et A Renee eee aon
Small and medium to large toads, parotoid usually smaller than side of
head (or if larger the species very small, glands colored like body) ----
7. Body more elongate, not strongly tubercular; parotoid not encroaching
on tympanum; foot slender; 127 mm_--_------------- angustipes (p. 41)
Body more triangular, strongly tubercular (spiny in males); parotoid
encroaching on tympanum; foot less slender; 170 mm_-- horribilis (p. 41)
38 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
8. Large parotoids present, not in contact with eye, colored like body;
small foads..0 95.2 25 2 oop (re aa ape ho ed a 9
9. Dorsal cranial ridges not or scarcely discernible; if present, represented
by very low (or discontinuous) elevations or tubercles; lateral head
crests better developed; parotoid not widest anteriorly, much longer
than wide; tibiotarsal articulation to about middle of parotoid_______ 10
Dorsal cranial ridges strongly developed in adults, surmounted by a
continuous line of spiny tubercles; parotoid generally triangular, nearly
as wide as long, widest anteriorly; tibiotarsal articulation barely
reaches parotoid 344 mm 2001500 Se. due IL ees kelloggi (p. 42)
10. Toes about one-third webbed; nostril back from tip of snout; preorbital
and suborbital crests smooth, without tubercles; parotoid as large as
side of head; anterior edge of tympanum not strongly elevated; 52
MIN so es ETS. Ee SAG EYE SE ee aes debilis (p. 42)
Toes about one-half webbed; nostril at extreme tip of snout; parotoid
larger than side of head; preorbital and suborbital crests with some flat
tubercles; anterior edge of tympanum elevated; 59 mm _. insidior (p. 42)
1i. Parotoids 1% to 1% area of eyelid, in contact or narrowly separated from
it; tubercles under toes not prominent or numerous; large toads___._ 12
Parotoid less than eyelid and separated from it; or if larger, very narrow,
elongate; tubercles prominent under toes__________.._.__.__-___---_~- 13
12. Parotoid 144 to 1% area of eyelid, touching eyelid; foot less than one-half
webbed; no specialized tibial gland; tympanum often indistinct or
covered; straight, heavy supraorbital crests; 95 mm______~ simus (p. 42)
Parotoid 1% to 1% area of eyelid, very narrowly separated from eyelid;
foot two-thirds webbed, larger; one or more specialized glands on tibia;
NORCLAMIAL ECRES tS 10 (betray ean cee ee boreas halophilus (p. 43)
13. Very small toads with narrow elongate parotoids, twice as long as wide;
cranial crest very low; supraorbital and postorbital crests forming a
CUrVE SOL mimi ae eee WS ee eee ae ee canaliferus (p. 48)
Larger toads; parotoids usually smaller than an eyelid, not long and
narrow, usually as wide as long (little more or less) _-___________---_- 14
14. Cranial crests high, well defined, consisting of a preorbital, supraorbital,
postorbital, pretympanic, supratympanic; the occipital crest present or
bse ite, me os rape he hs er ee en ee 15
Cranial crests low, inconspicuous (absent in younger specimens) __----- 20
15. Occipital crest absent, or occasionally barely indicated; parotoid smaller
than eyelid, its greatest length equal to or less than eye diameter;
large, rather elongate-bodied toads with rather long legs; tibiotarsal
articulation reaching to tympanum or near it-________________--_-- 16
Occipital jenests; présents-2. 2-5 ee a ee ee 1
16. Distance between summits of supraorbital ridges greater than width of
eyelid; pretympanic crest equal to supratympanic; greatest diameter
of tympanum not more than two-thirds eyelid; 99 mm__ gemmifer (p. 43)
Distance between summits of supraorbital ridges less than width of eyelid;
height of tympanum equals seven-eighths of eye diameter; supratym-
panic crest shorter than pretympanic; parotoid about one-half eyelid; 86
WVU ge ay eres 5 RE ee eh See Ane a mazatlanensis (p. 48)
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 39
17. All cranial crests thickened; occipital crest arising from highest point of the
supraorbital crest and continuous with it, converging more or less pos-
teriorly; belly sulphur vellow with or without some blackish spots or
flecks; parotoids longer than wide, occasionally a little larger than eyelid;
postorbital and supraorbital crests present; supratympanic crest heavier
than and about as long as pretympanic; 80 mm_______ cristatus (p. 44)
Cranial crests narrow, not conspicuously thickened; occipital crest lower,
not arising from highest point of supraorbital crest and not continuous
with it; supraorbital and postorbital crests forming a continuous curve;
Bes WW see eRe Been ee AS Ee cee Oe eR 18
18. Parotoids about size of eyelid, nearly transverse, broader than long;
supratympanic crest shorter than pretympanic crest; subarticular
tubercles normally undivided under digits (rarely the distal on third
MUPCTECLVIGCG))s. 73 ANI. ee a Rete eee eee nayaritensis (p. 44)
Parotoids a little larger than eyelid, robust, diagonal, longer than wide
SEREC by SUD CIRCULAR) = so 2. eo A EE, COREE) 19
19. Parotoid robust, smooth, diagonal, longer than wide, outer edge rounded;
no linear series of enlarged warts on sides of body; one or more subarticu-
lar tubercles under two outer fingers and tubercles on three outer toes
double or bifid; dorsal tubercles all rather larger; 75 mm__ coccifer (p. 44)
Parotoid rather flat, often differently colored than surroundings, yellowish
or brownish, outer edge nearly straight; a linear series of enlarged warts
on sides of body; dorsal tubercles proportionally smaller; 100
GOW 00 i ea a Lh lg el 8 ie valliceps (p. 44)
20. Supraorbital and postorbital crests together forming a curve; space be-
tween supraorbital crests less than width of an eyelid; a small supra-
tympanic crest, less than pretympanic; sexual dimorphism in markings;
(iS ELITIT esee ey eeeeea er eee ls ee NT ee marmoreus (p. 45)
Supraorbital and postorbital crest forming angle_________-__---------- 21
21. Crests form obtuse angle; the supratympanic crest absent, leaving paro-
toid in contact with the postorbital crest; no divided tubercles on hand
or foot; sexual dimorphism in markings; large blotches; interorbital
WithimMequal to anveyelia: 66 mm. -~--- 2 82 perplexus (p. 45)
Supraorbital and postorbital crests form a right angle (or less) if crest is
evident (often very low or not discernible); not sexually dimorphic in
markings; usually uniform olive or brown-olive with small brick red
spots which fade; head flat; interorbital width much greater than an
Perea er eR Nl erene. a See I Ie ee ene ee punctatus (p. 46)
BUFO ALVARIUS Girard
Bufo alvarius Girarp, in Baird, Report on the United States and Mexican
Boundary Survey, vol. 2, Reptiles, 1859, p. 26, pl. 41, figs. 1-6.—KxE Loa,
U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 31, 35-40, fig. 4, and pl. 1.
Type.—Two cotypes, U.S.N.M. Nos. 2571, 2572 (so designated by
Kellogg) ; the first specimen probably lost.
Type locality —Valley of the Gila and Colorado Rivers.
Range.—Central Arizona southward through Sonora, westward to
southeastern California (Imperial County). Reported from Sonora:
Guadelupe Cafion, Quitovaquito, Cajén Bonito Creek, Santa Ana,
Puerto, Hermosillo, Guaymas, La Posa (10 miles northwest of Guay-
mas), Alamos, Guirocoba.
40 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
BUFO WOODHOUSIT WOODHOUSIH Girard
Bufo dorsalis HALLOWELL, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6, 1852, p. 181
(nec Bufo dorsalis Spix).
Bufo woodhousit GiraRD, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p. 86
(substitute name for B. dorsalis, preoccupied).—Ker.Ltoae, U. S. Nat. Mus.
Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 32, 72-74, fig. 16.
Bufo woodhousti woodhousit Smirn, Amer. Midl. Nat., vol. 15, 1934, pp. 449-457,
pl. 17, figs. 22B, 23B.
Bufo frontosus Corn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 18, 1866, p. 301
(Territory of Arizona, near the parallel of 35°, and along the valley of the
Colorado from Fort Mojave to Fort Yuma; type lost).
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 2531.
Type locality —‘New Mexico”=(San Francisco Mountain, Coco-
nino County, Ariz.).
Range.—Montana and North Dakota southward through Kansas
and Nevada to northwestern Mexico. Reported in Mexico from
Baja California: Colorado River; Chihuahua: Rio Santa Marfa,
Colonia Garcia, Colonia Judérez, Santa Rosalia; Sonora; Durango:
Santiago Papasquiero.
BUFO COMPACTILIS Wiegmann
Bufo compactilis WimGMANN, Isis von Oken, vol. 26, 1833, pp. 661-662.— DickER-
son, The frog book, 1906, pp. 102-104, figs. 93-98.—Kerttoae, U. S. Nat.
Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 32-38, 44-48, fig. 8.
Anaxyrus melancholicus TscHupi, Untersuchungen tiber die Fauna Peruana,
Herp., 1845, p. 78, pl. 11, fig. 5.
Bufo speciosus GrRARD, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, pp. 85-87
(Valley of the Rfo Bravo [Rio Grande del Norte] and not uncommon in the
province of New Leon [Nuevo Leén]; three cotypes, U. 8S. N. M. Nos. 2611,
2608, 2610).
Bufo anomalus GUnruer, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the collection
of the British Museum, 1858 (1859), p. 57 (Mexico; Brit. Mus. No. 58. 9.
6. 12).
Bufo levifrons Broccut, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 1, 1877, pp. 187-188
(Mexique; type lost).
Bufo Mexicanus Broccuti, Bull. Soc. Philom., ser. 7, vol. 3, 1879, pp. 23-24
(Mexique; type lost).
Type —Mus. Nat. Berlin No. 3528.
Type locality —Mexico.
Range.—Southwestern Utah and Kansas to central Mexico in
Jalisco, Distrito Federal, and Veracruz. Recorded from the states
of Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leén, Tamaulipas, Durango,
Zacatecas, Guanajuato, Michoacén, Jalisco, Veracruz, Distrito
Federal, México, Puebla, and Oaxaca.
|
;
:
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO Al
BUFO COGNATUS Say
Bufo cognatus Say, in Long, Account of an expedition from Pittsburgh to the Rocky
Mountains, vol. 2, 1823, p. 190.—Dicxmrson, The frog book, 1906, pp.
99-102, figs. 85-92, col. pl. 5, fig. 2—Krtuoae, U. 8S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160,
1932, pp. 32, 41-44, fig. 7.
Bufo dipternus Copu, Amer. Nat., vol. 13, 1879, p. 4837 (Montana; types lost).
? Bufo terrestris Broccut, Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans |’Amérique
centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 2, 1882, p. 77 (part).
Type.—Apparently lost.
Type locality—Arkansas River, Prowers County, Colo.
Range.—Montana and North Dakota southward to northern Baja
California and southern San Luis Potosi. In Mexico reported from
Chihuahua: Rio Santa Maria near Progreso, near Villa Ahumada, 3
miles east of Carmen, Colonia Judrez; Coahuila: Alamo de Parras,
near La Cuchilla, 13 miles west of San Pedro; Durango: Villa Lerdo,
10 miles south of Gémez Palacio, Durango; San Luis Potosi: Moun-
tains of Alvarez, 9 leagues southeast of San Luis Potosi (city); Baja
California: Pilot Knob, and 7 miles east of Cerro Prieto.
BUFO CALIFORNICUS Camp
Bufo cognatus californicus Camp, Univ. California Publ. Zool., vol. 12, 1915, pp.
331-334.
Bufo californicus Myxrs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 43, 1930, pp. 73-77.
Type—Mus, Vert. Zool. No. 4364.
Type locality—Santa Paula, 800 feet elevation, Ventura County,
Calif.
Range.—Coastal area of southern California southward in Baja
California to northern Sierra San Pedro M rtir.
BUFO ANGUSTIPES Taylor and Smith
Bufo angustipes Taytor and Situ, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp.
553-555, fig. 59.
Type —U.S.N.M. No. 1165138.
Type locality —La Esperanza, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Type locality.
BUFO HORRIBILIS Wiegmann
Bufo horribilis WrraMann, Isis von Oken, vol. 26, 1833, pp. 654-655.—TaYLoR
and Smita, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 551-552.
Bufo marinus Keuuoce, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 31-82, 53-57, fig. 11
(part).
Type.—Mus. Nat. Berlin Nos. 3478-81.
Type locality.—Misantla and Veracruz, Mexico.
42, BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Range——Texas; south to eastern Coahuila and on the lowlands of
the Atlantic coast, and from Mazatlén, Sinaloa, south on the Pacific
coast. Recorded from the states of Campeche, Chiapas, Coahuila,
Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacén, Morelos,
Nayarit, Nuevo Leén, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa,
Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, and Yucatén.
BUFO DEBILIS Girard 26
Bufo debilis Grrarp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p. 87.—
Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 24, 1936 (1938), pl. 518, p. 45, figs. 4-6.
Type.—(Cotypes) U.S.N.M. No. 2621 (8 specimens).
Type locality—lLower part of Rio Grande del Norte and in the
Province of Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Range.—Central southern Texas and Tamaulipas. Reported from
Tamaulipas: Matamoros; Nuevo Leén.
BUFO INSIDIOR Girard
Bufo insidior GirarD, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p. 88.—
Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 24, 1936 (1938), pp. 513-514, pl. 45,
figs. 7-9.
Type —U.S.N.M. No. 2622 (2 cotypes).
Type locality —Chihuahua, Mexico.
Range.—Southwestern Kansas south through western Texas and.
southern New Mexico to northern central Mexico. In Mexico
reported from Sonora; Chihuahua: Villa Ahumada, Rio Santa Marfa,
and near Progreso; Coahuila: Miisquiz, Sierra de Santa Rosa, Her-
manas, La Rosa, and ‘‘20 miles east of Torreon”; Zacatecas: Majoma,
Villa de Cos, La Colorada, Zacatecas; Durango: Conejos.
BUFO KELLOGGI Taylor
Bufo kelloggi Tayuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 24, 1936 (1938), pp. 510-514,
pl. 45, figs. 1-3.
Type —EHT-HMS No. 21.
Type locality.—2 miles east of Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Range.—Southern Sinaloa (Mazatlan) and Nayarit (Acaponeta).
BUFO SIMUS Schmidt
Bufo simus Scumipt, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-nat. Classe, vol. 14,
1858, pp. 254-255, pl. 3, fig. 22.—_Ketioae, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932,
pp. 34, 63-66, figs. 14, a, b (part).
Bufo intermedius GUNTHER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the collec-
tion of the British Museum, 1858 (1859), p. 140, pl. 9, fig. A (Andes of
Ecuador; cotypes, Brit. Mus. Nos. 58. 9. 20. 3-6).
* It is possible that this and the following, insidior, are subspecies.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 43
Bufo occidentalis CamuRANo, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, vol. 14, 1879, p. 887 (Mexico;
Turin Mus.). , :
Bufo monksiae Corn, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 18, 1879, p. 263 (Guanajuato,
Mexico; U.S.N.M. No. 9896).
Type.—(Cotypes) Zoological Museum, Krakow, Poland.
Type locality.—Chiriqui River in the vicinity of Bocas del Toro,
Panama.
Range.—Discontinuous; Sinaloa and Veracruz southward to the
Isthmus of Tehuantepec; Panama and northern South America. In
Mexico recorded from the states of Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Colima,
Zacatecas, Durango, Nayarit, Jalisco, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Distrito
Federal, Morelos, Tlaxcala, Puebla, Guerrero, Veracruz, and Oaxaca.
BUFO BOREAS HALOPHILUS Baird and Girard
Bufo halophila Bairp and Grrarp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6,
1853, p. 301.
Bufo boreas halophilus Camp, Univ. California Publ. Zool., vol. 17, 1917, p. 116.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 2589.
Type locality.—Benicia, Calif.
Range.—California, western Nevada and northern Baja California.
Reported from Baja California: San Pedro Martir Mountains, La
Grulla, 7,500 feet, Vallecitos, 8,000 feet, north end of Nachogiiero
Valley and Ensenada.
BUFO CANALIFERUS Cope
Bufo canaliferus Corr, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 17, 1877, pp. 85-86.—
Keutoce, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 34, 40-41, fig. 5.—Tayrtor
and Smiru, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, p. 557, pl. 21, fig. 1.
Type.—(Cotypes) U.S.N.M. Nos. 30315-24.
Type locality —‘‘West Tehuantepec,” Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Pacific slopes of Oaxaca and Chiapas, and probably south-
ward in Central America. Reported from Oaxaca: Chivela, Santa
Efigenia, Tapana, Tehuantepec; Chiapas: Cruz de Piedra, Colonia
Soconusco, La Esperanza, Rancho Las Gradas, Tonala, Tapachula.
BUFO GEMMIFER Taylor
Bufo gemmifer Tayuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp. 490-
492, pl. 53, figs. 3, 3a, 3b.
Type.—KHT-HMS No. 18509.
Type locality. El Limoncito, near La Venta, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
BUFO MAZATLANENSIS Taylor
Bufo mazatlanensis Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp.
492-494 pl. 53, fig. 1, pl. 54.
44 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Type.—EHT-HMS No. 374.
Type locality.—2 miles east of Mazatlén, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Range.—Southern Sonora through Sinaloa, on Pacific slopes.
Recorded from Sonora: Alamos, Guirocoba, Navajoa; Sinaloa:
Mazatlan.
BUFO CRISTATUS Wiegmann
Bufo cristatus W1EGMANN, Isis von Oken, vol. 26, 1833, pp. 660-661.—KELLoae,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 33, 48-49, fig. 9, a, b—Taytor and
Smitu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, p. 559, pl. 23, figs. 5, 6.
Bufo occipitalis CAMERANO, Atti Accad. Sci. Torono, vol. 14, 1879, pp. 889, 890
(Mexico; type lost).
Type.—Cotypes, Mus. Nat. Berlin Nos. 3523, 3524.
Type locality —Jalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from central western Veracruz and Pacific
slopes of Chiapas. Reported from Cuautlapan, Jalapa, San José de
Gracia, and Potrero Viejo, Veracruz; Cruz de Piedra, Salto de Agua,
and Colonia Soconusco, Chiapas.
BUFO NAYARITENSIS Taylor
Bufo nayaritensis Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 29, 1943, pp. 349-351,
pl. 26, figs. 1, la.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 397.
Type locality —Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.
Range.—Known from the type locality and possibly Acaponeta,
Nayarit.
BUFO COCCIFER Cope
Bufo coccifer Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 18, 1866, pp. 130—
131.—Ke.uoae, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 35, 41, fig. 6, a-b.—
Tayior and Smit, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, p. 558, pl. 22.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 6490.
Type locality.— Arriba, Costa Rica.
Range.—Pacific slopes, Guerrero to Costa Rica. Reported in
Mexico from Oazaca: Juchitén, Tehuantepec, Cacoprieto; Guerrero:
Agua del Obispo.
BUFO VALLICEPS Wiegmann
Bufo valliceps W1EGMANN, Isis von Oken, vol. 26, 1833, pp. 657-659.— DicKERson,
The frog book, 1906, pp. 108-110, figs. 112-115, col. pl. 5, fig. 3—Ketuoae,
U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 35, 68-72, fig. 15.—Tay tor, Univ. Kansas
Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1989 (1940), pl. 53, fig. 2—Taytor and Smrru, Proc.
U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 559-561, pl. 24, figs. 1-6.
Bufo trachypus W1nGMANN, Isis von Oken, vol. 26, 1833, pp. 657-658 (same types
as for the preceding).
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 45
Bufo granulosus Batrp and Grrarp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6
1852, p. 173 (mec Bufo granulosus Spix; Indianola to San Antonio, Tex.;
type, U.S.N.M. No. 2595). ;
Bufo nebulifer Grrarp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p. 87
(substitute for the preceding).
Bufo sternosignatus (part) GUnruEr, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the
collection of the British Museum, 1858 (1859), pp. 68-69, pl. 5, fig. C (Cér-
doba, Mexico, and Venezuela; two Mexican cotypes, Brit. Mus. Nos, 56.3.-
17.25, 56.9.6.13, name restricted to Venezuela cotype).
Type.—Five cotypes, Mus. Nat. Berlin Nos. 3525-27, 3532.
Type locality —Mexico.
Range.—Texas, Louisiana, and eastern Coahuila south to Costa
Rica, in lowlands of Gulf drainage, and up to 3,000 feet in Hidalgo;
not on Pacific coast. Known in Mexico from the states of Campeche,
Chiapas, Coahuila, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leén, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo,
San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, and Yucatan.
BUFO MARMOREUS Wiegmann
Bufo marmoreus WiEGMANN, Isis von Oken, vol. 26, 1833, p. 66.—KeELLoae,
U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 34, 58-60, fig. 12.—Taytor, Univ.
Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 29, 1943, pl. 26, figs. la, 2—Taytor and Sirs,
Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 555-556, pl. 28, figs. 1, 2.
Bufo argillaceus Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 20, 1868 (cotypes,
U.S.N.M. Nos. 27768-27764; ‘Colima, Mex.’’).
Bufo lateralis WERNER, Zool. Anz., vol. 17, 1894, p. 156 (type, Nat. Mus. Vienna
No. 115-1929; Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico).
? Bufo eiteli Aut, Sitzb. Ges. Nat. Freunde, 1927, pp. 111-112 (Berlin Mus.;
Puerto México, Veracruz).
Type.—Three cotypes, Mus. Nat. Berlin Nos. 3529-31.
Type locality.—Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Mazatlan, Sinaloa, to Chiapas on Pacific slopes, and Vera-
cruz south to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec on Atlantic drainage.
Reported from Colima: Colima; Jalisco: Jamay; Guerrero: Acapulco,
Tierra Colorada, Papayo, Chilpancingo (other records in Guerrero
may apply to Bufo perplerus Taylor); Oaraca: Tehuantepec, Chivela,
Santo Domingo, Tapana, Escurana (15 kilometers west of Tehuan-
tepec); Sinaloa: Mazatlin, Rosario; Veracruz: Veracruz, Puerto
México, Veracruz.
BUFO PERPLEXUS Taylor
Bufo perplecus Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 29, 1943, pp. 347-349,
Din2ihsssad | 2:
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 707.
Type locality —Balsas River near Mexcala, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Pacific slopes from Guerrero to Chiapas. Reported from
Morelos: Cuernavaca, near Huajintlén, 5 miles west of Alpuyeca,
757435—48——4
46 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Puente de Ixtla; Guerrero: El Naranjo, Tonolapam, Mexcala, vicinity
of Chilpancingo; Oaraca: Tehuantepec, Escurana (15 kilometers west
of Tehuantepec); Chiapas: Tonal§4.
BUFO PUNCTATUS Baird and Girard
Bufo punctatus Batrp and Grrarp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6,
1852, p. 173.—Dticxerson, The frog book, 1906, pp. 110-112, figs. 116-120,
col. pl. 5, fig. 1—Kertioee, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 33, 60-63,
fig. 13.
Bufo beldingi Yarrow, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 24, 1883, pp. 23, 163 (La Paz,
Baja California; 10 cotypes, U.S. N. M. Nos. 12660, 12670).
? Bufo coccifer Mocquarp (nec Cope), Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ser.
4, vol. 1, 1899, pp. 334-337 (Santa Rosalia, Baja California).
Type.—Cotypes, U.S.N.M. No. 2618, 3 specimens, lost.
Type locality—Rio San Pedro [Devils River], Val Verde County,
ex.
Range.—Utah and Kansas southward to Guanajuato, Baja Cali-
fornia, and Tamaulipas. Recorded in Mexico from the states of
Tamaulipas, Coahuila, Nuevo Leén, Chihuahua, San Luis Potosi,
Sinaloa, Sonora, Guanajuato, and Baja California.
Family LEPTODACTYLIDAE Berg
Leptodactylidae Bere, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, vol. 5, 1896, p. 161.
KEY TO MEXICAN GENERA OF LEPTODACTYLIDAE
1. Small toadlike animal, lacking maxillary and vomerine teeth.
Engystomops (p. 47)
Froglike or toadlike form, maxillary teeth present; vomerine teeth present
OMADSEN te ook one Oe oy ae eR ey a ee oe ee ee 2
2. Small to very small frogs; vomerine teeth absent normally (present occa-
sionally in Syrrhophus latodactylus and Microbatrachylus lineatissimus)-.- 3
5
Larger forms, vomerine and maxillary teeth present___-_--------------
3. A ventral disk confined to the abdomen, not reaching femora; vocal sac
present in males; testes and ovaries unpigmented_______------------ 4
Ventral disk terminating posteriorly on the femora; testes and ovaries
heavily pigmented; no vocal sac in males; very small species, 13-27 mm.
Microbatrachylus (p. 538) -
4. An elongate, elevated, definitive, lumbar or lumboinguinal gland.
Tomodactylus (p. 47)
No elongate, elevated gland; gland when present diffuse, subcircular,
often not easily visible externally__..._._..------ Syrrhophus (p. 49)
5. Mesosternum forming a bony style; vomerine teeth in elongate transverse
Series (Ee. bea es a RO ee) aa ete eee Leptodactylus (p. 55)
Mesosternum cartilaginous with a double, arrow-shaped, posterior termi-
nation; ventral abdominal disks present, not reaching femora; testes
and ovaries unpigmented (Eleutherodactylus calcitrans exception) ;
inguinal gland if present indistinct_---_------ Eleutherodactylus (p. 57)
oft eae
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 47
Genus ENGYSTOMOPS Jiménez de la Espada
Engystomops JIMENEZ DE LA Espana, Anal. Soc. Espafia Hist. Nat., vol. 1, 1872,
p. 86.—KeE.LoGe, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 77-78.
Microphryne PretERS, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Benin 1873, p. 616 (genotype
Paludicola pustulosa Cope).
Genotype.—Engystomops petersi Jiménez de la Espada.
Range.—Central Veracruz to Ecuador.
Species.—Three, of which one occurs in Mexico.”
ENGYSTOMOPS PUSTULOSUS (Cope)
Paludicola pustulosa Copp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 16, 1864,
p. 180.
Engystomops pustulosus BOULENGER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the
collection of the British Museum, ed. 2, 1882, p. 275.—Kzttoag, U.S. Nat.
Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 76-81, fig. 18.
Type.—U. 8. N. M. No. 4339 (now lost).
Type locality—New Granada on the River Truando, Colombia.
Range.—Both sides of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and on the
Atlantic coast from central Veracruz southward into South America.
Occurs in Veracruz: Tierra Colorada, near Potrero Viejo, Cafiada,
4 miles east of Encero, near San Gerénimo, near Jalapa, San Andrés
Tuxtla; Tabasco: Tenosique; Campeche; Encarnacién; Oazaca: Santo
Domingo, Tehuantepec, Cosolapa; Chiapas: Tonala.
Genus TOMODACTYLUS Giinther
Tomodactylus GUntuHER, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1900, p. 219.
Genotype.—Tomodactylus amulae Giinther.
Range.—The southern edge of the main Mexican plateau and the
Oaxacan extension.
Species.—Five.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF TOMODACTYLUS
1. Tympanum large, its diameter three-fourths to four-fifths of eye diameter;
two outer fingers with dilated disks, one and three-fourths to twice nar-
rowest width of digit; lumbar gland rather low; maximum size 31 mm.
macrotympanum (p. 48)
Tympanum less than one-half diameter of eye_------------------------ 2
2. Tips of digits tapering, smaller than width of digit; diameter of tympanum
one-fourth (or less) of eye diameter; lumbar gland high, distinct; maxi-
MUPLMURIZG ove HOM = 2 ose --- os angustidigitorum (p. 48)
itipsiot digits wider thanathe idigits:< 2 252220 2iee-_----2=2-=--====-- 3
27 This genus is sometimes combined with another, Eupemphix Steindachner, 1863 (Sitzb. Akad. Wiss.
Wien, math.-naturw. Kl., vol. 48, p. 188; type, E. nattereri Steindachner, Cuyaba, Brazil), which in its
limited sense contains four species.
48 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
3. Upper lip with white or silvery line or stripe; tympanum a little less than
half eye; a red or orange spot on anterior part of thigh or extending to-
proins maximum lengpihizo mnt eo eee oe eS ee albolabris (p. 48)
No white or silvery-nne’on uppertlips eh ee ee a a eee 4
4. Canthus rostralis rather sharp; tympanum about one-sixth size of orbit.
amulae (p. 48)
Canthus rostralis indistinct or rounding; markings, width of digit tips,
ventral granulation, and tympanum, variable (a composite species).
nitidus (p. 48)
TOMODACTYLUS MACROTYMPANUM Taylor
Tomodactylus macrotympanum Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939
(1940), pp. 496-499, pl. 55, figs. 2, 2a, 2b.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 6838.
Type locality.—La Placita, south of Jacala, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Range.—Hidalgo, eastern San Luis Potosi.
TOMODACTYLUS ANGUSTIDIGITORUM Taylor
Tomodactylus angustidigitorum Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939
(1940), pp. 494-496, pl. 55, figs. 1, la, 1b.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 18640.
Type locality.— Quiroga, Michoacdin, Mexico, elevation 6,880 feet.
Range.—Michoacén, west México and Distrito Federal. Speci-
mens are known from Michoacdn: west of Zacapti, 4 miles east of
Carapa, Cerro de Tecolote; México: San Martin; Distrito Federal,
near Tlalpam.
TOMODACTYLUS ALBOLABRIS Taylor
Tomodactylus albolabris Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 29, 1943, pp.
351-353.
Type—EHT-HMS No. 29568.
Type locality—Agua del Obispo, Guerrero (Kilometer 351).
Range.—Guerrero. Recorded from Agua del Obispo, and 9 kilo-
meters south of Mazatlan, in Guerrero.
TOMODACTYLUS AMULAE Ginther
Tomodactylus amulae Gtnruer, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and
Batrachia, 1900, pp. 219-220, pl. 64, fig. C.
Type.—Brit. Mus. No. 1901.12.19.9-12.
Type locality —Amula, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Guerrero and Morelos. Known in Guerrero: Amula, near
Omilteme; ? Morelos: near Tres Cumbres.
TOMODACTYLUS NITIDUS (Peters)
Liuperus nitidus Prrers, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1869, pp. 878-879.
Tomodactylus nitidus Keuitoca, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 120-123.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 49
Type-—Mus. Nat. Berlin No. 6669.
Type locality.—State of Puebla (probably near Matamoros), Mexico.
Range.—Highlands of western Veracruz, Puebla, Morelos, Guerrero,
and Oaxaca.
Genus SYRRHOPHUS Cope
Syrrhophus Corz, Amer. Nat., vol. 12, 1878, p. 253.
Malachylodes Corr, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 18, 1879, p. 264 (genotype
Malachylodes guttilatus Cope).
Syrrhopus BouLENGER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1888, pt. 2, p. 206 (emendation
of Syrrhophus Cope).
Syrrhaphus GUnTHER, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1900, p. 215 (emendation of Syrrhophus Cope).
Genotype.—Syrrhophus marnockii Cope.
Range.—Southern Texas and Colima southward presumably to
Pert.
Species.—Twenty-two are described, of which 12 occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF SYRRHOPHUS
Pnowoopalmar tubercles, outer absent... ..-..-=---<=---=----=s=----=--= 2
‘Lnrec palmar tuberclesssouter presents ———- = —-— = ae ee ee 5
2. None of the digits widened at tips or only minutely so; purplish or
brownish with red spots; 22.5 mm_________----- rubrimaculata (p. 50)
Outer digits of hand and foot widened at tip.-_--------------------- 3
3. Digits rather sharply truncate at tip; interorbital width twice width of
eyelid; sides as well as dorsum and venter smooth; yellowish brown or
brownish gray with a broken dark lateral mark and dark spots on
Dac keeeNe Minas ene ee ates ee OLE Se eee modestus (p. 50)
Digit tips not sharply truncate but somewhat rounded, the terminal pads
better developed; sides areolate; dorsum variable; venter smooth..-- 4
4. Diameter of tympanum (vertical) a little more than half eye; the lower
rim distinctly elevated, the upper part of rim hidden; choanae not
concealed; skin smooth above; 31 mm_---_------------ pipilans (p. 50)
Diameter of tympanum about one-third eye, the lower rim not notice-
ably raised; skin of back with flattened pustules; light lavender above
with a nebulous pattern; white or cream below; 25 mm_ nebulosus (p. 51)
5. Digits not or but very slightly widened at tip_----------------------- 6
Digit tips definitely widened (1% to more than 2}4 narrowest digital
CFIeT IN) werent de PRR a os ha ee ee a ae ae eae 8
6. Venter and dorsum shining smooth; larger forms--_------------------ i.
Venter more or less roughened, granular or areolate; a vestige of web
between toes; smaller form; eyelid width, 1% in interorbital width;
heel to posterior part of eye; above vinaceous-drab to brownish drab
with sharply defined, blue-black spots; femur barred with rufous;
PMTs, Shel Perce 2 a guttilatus (p. 51)
7. No vestige of web on toes; parotoid apparently absent; tympanum sub-
circular, more than half eye diameter, width of eyelid f our-fifths inter-
orbital width; heel to the tympanum (in adult) ; sides somewhat areo-
late; ash gray, with dark flecks above; 33 mm_-_--------- smithi (p. 51)
50 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
A vestige of web between toes; the diameter of tympanum one-third to
two-thirds eye diameter; parotoid present; heel to anterior part of
eye; eyelid 1% in interorbital width; dark lavender or purple with
larger light cream or yellow spots or reticulations; femur not barred;
0mm. Fo Le ee oe Se eo re ee leprus (p. 51)
8. All digits very wide, the widest 2% times (or more) greatest width of
digit; tips sharply truncate; tympanum two-thirds to three-fourths
diameter of eye; head wider than body; back pustular or tubercular;
vomerine teeth present or absent; yellowish or light lavender above
with deep brown spots or reticulations; 38.2 mm.___ latodactylus (p. 51)
None of terminal pads of digits more than twice width of digit; vomerine
teeth not present; head not noticeably wider than body_____--__-_-- 9
9. Abdominal region at least partly granular or areolate; dorsum tubercu-
lar..or granular’ 2 25 CUR RRw i i Wao AO ee ee 10
Ventral abdominal region shining smooth___________-___------_---- 11
10. Choanae small; vestige of web between toes; outer metatarsal tubercle
almost as large as inner; mulberry or lavender speckled, below yellow-
ishvor fleshit;2245) mies Se ee ee ee cystignathoides (p. 52)
Choanae very large; no web vestige; outer metatarsal tubercle about one
third inner; yellow-brown or fawn stippled with brown; 20 mm.
verruculatus (p. 52)
11. Tympanum diameter about one-half diameter of eye; an abdominal
disk more or less distinct; tubercles under forearm; outer metatarsal
tubercle nearly as large as inner; dorsal skin granular or tubercular;
indefinite grayish olive, with indefinite lighter and darker markings;
Ds ey TMNT Se ee ree ee ele eee gee ee campi (p. 52)
Tympanum two-thirds diameter of eye; skin of dorsum smooth, the
sides areolate; no abdominal fold or disk (?); dark bluish gray marked
with black spots, white below; 23.5 mm___-_______-- verrucipes (p. 52)
SYRRHOPHUS RUBRIMACULATA Taylor and Smith
Syrrhophus rubrimaculata Taytor and Situ, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95,
1945, pp. 583-585.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 114070.
Type locality—La Esperanza (near Escuintla), Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Chiapas; recorded from La Esperanza (near Escuintla) and
Rancho Las Gradas.
SYRRHOPHUS MODESTUS Taylor
Syrrhophus modestus TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 304-306,
pl. 29.
Type.-—KHT-HMS No. 3756.
Type locality —-Hacienda Paso del Rio, Colima, Mexico.
Range.—Known from the type locality.
SYRRHOPHUS PIPILANS Taylor
Syrrhophus pipilans Tayutor, Proce. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 53, 1940, pp.
95-97, pl. 1.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 51
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 6843.
Type locality.—9 miles south of Mazatlin, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Pacific slopes, Guerrero and Oaxaca. Specimens are
known from Guerrero: Agua del Obispo, 30 kilometers north of
Acapulco; Oaxaca: Cerro Arenal (near Tehuantepec).
SYRRHOPHUS NEBULOSUS Taylor
Syrrhophus nebulosus Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 29, 1943, pp. 353-355,
pl. 27, figs. 3-5.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 3774.
Type locality Near Tonald, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Chiapas. Known only from the type locality, Tuxtla
Gutiérrez and Tapachula, Chiapas; and ? Rodriguez Clara, Veracruz.
SYRRHOPHUS SMITHI Tayler
Syrrhophus smithi Taytor, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 89, 1940, pp. 43-45, pl. 1.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 108594.
Type locality—15 miles west of Galeana, Nuevo Leén, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
SYRRHOPHUS LEPRUS Cope
Syrrhophus leprus Corr, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 18, 1879, pp. 268—269.—
Ketxoee, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 124-125, 128.—Taytor and
Smita, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, p. 582.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 10040.
Type locality —Santa Efigenia, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Atlantic slopes, southern Veracruz to Petén, Guatemala.
Reported from Veracruz: Potrero Viejo; Oaraca: La Gloria, Santa
Efigenia; Guatemala: Piedras Negras (on Mexican border).
SYRRHOPHUS GUTTILATUS (Cope)
Malachylodes guttilatus Corr, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 18, 1879, pp. 264-265.
Syrrhophus guttilatus Nirpen, Das Tierreich, Lief. 46, 1923, pp. 399-400.—
Keuoce, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 125, 127-128.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 9888.
Type locality.—Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Range—San Luis Potosi and Guanajuato. The record for San
Luis Potosi is “9 leagues S San Luis Potosi” (city).
SYRRHOPHUS LATODACTYLUS Taylor
Syrrhophus latedactylus Tayutor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 397-401, pl. 43, and text fig. 7.
52 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Type-—KHT-HMS No. 6807.
Type locality —Huasteca Cafion, 15 kilometers west of Monterrey,
Nuevo Leén, Mexico.
Range.—Hidalgo, southern Nuevo Leén, eastern San Luis Potosi.
Reported from Hidalgo: near La Placita (6-8 kilometers south of
Jacala); San Luis Potost: 10 miles west of Naranjos; Nuevo Leon:
15 kilometers west of Monterrey, Sabinas Hidalgo.
SYRRHOPHUS CYSTIGNATHOIDES (Cope)
Phyllobates cystignathoides Corz, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 17, 1877, pp. 89-90.
Syrrhophus cystignathoides N1EpEN, Das Tierreich, Lief. 46, 1923, pp. 399, 401.—
Keuioce, U. 8S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 126, 127.—Taytor and
SmirH, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 582-583.
Type.—(Cotypes) U.S.N.M. Nos. 32402-32409.
Type locality.—Potrero, near Cérdoba, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Veracruz, and ? San Luis Potosi. Reported from Vera-
cruz: Potrero, Metlac (near Cérdoba), Cuautlapan; San Lmis Potost:
Huichihuayén (the latter is based upon a young specimen and not
impossibly is referable to another species).
SYRRHOPHUS VERRUCULATUS (Peters)
Phyllobates verruculatus Peters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1870, p. 650.
Syrrhophus verruculatus NieDEN, Das Tierreich, Lief. 46, 1923, pp. 399, 401.—
Ke.ioace, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 125-126, 129.
Type.—Mus. Nat. Berlin, No. 6957.
Type locality Huanusco (=probably Huatusco), Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Puebla and Veracruz. Recorded from Puebla: Necaxa;
Hidalgo: near Tianguistengo; Veracruz: (type locality).
SYRRHOPHUS CAMPI Stejneger
Syrrhophus campi StEJNEGER, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 28, 1915, pp.
131-132.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 52290.
Type locality —Brownsville, Tex.
Range.—Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leén, and eastern San Luis Potosi
in Mexico; lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas in the United States.
Reported or examined from Nuevo Leén: Monterrey; San Luis Potosi:
10 miles west of Naranjos; Tamaulipas: Matamoros.
SYRRHOPHUS VERRUCIPES Cope
Syrrhophus verrucipes Cops, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 22, 1885, p. 383.—
Keuuioee, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1982, pp. 126-127, 128-129.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO
Type.—Lost (fide Kellogg).
53
Type locality—Near Zacualtipan, Hidalgo, Mexico (1,800 feet
lower in rocky gorge of a stream near its junction with the San Miguel
River).
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
Genus MICROBATRACHYLUS Taylor
Microbatrachylus Tartor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), p.
Genotype.—Eleutherodactyius hobartsmithi Taylor.
499.
Range.—Central Veracruz and Guerrero through Mexico probably
to Guatemala and perhaps to Nicaragua.
Species.—Kight are known at present, all in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF MICROBATRACHYLUS
. White stripe, black-edged below, on upper jaw; dark median stripe limited
by irregular dorsal ridges; maximum size, ?, 18 mm___ albolabris (p
No white stripe on upper jaw, or dark median stripe__________________
. Tibiotarsal articulation to tip of snout or beyond; an outer palmar
PRN TAC Le meee ee arene pe UN er cnet ect raat Se he a
Tibiotarsal articulation to eye or at most halfway to nostril; an outer
patmer tubercle-present, or absent... &-z-< =s-5 5.20 = Sb S23
. Minute vomerine teeth; seven more or less distinct dorsal and dorsolateral
ridges; heel to beyond tip of snout; 20 mm______-_- lineatissimus (p.
No vomerine teeth; dorsal and dorsolateral ridges if present, indistinct,
less than 7; heel to tip of snout; 18.1 mm-_-_-_---- oaxacae (p.
. Three palmar tubercles; no parotoid gland evident; outer metatarsal tu-
. 54)
2
3
4
54)
54)
bercle two-thirds size of inner; large species; 27 mm., 9_ montanus (p. 54)
Only tworpalmar tubercles; outer absent 202 22225. 2 oe. Pee Sas
. Dorsal ridges absent; well-defined dorsolateral ridges, continuous or
broken, arising from corners of eyes, converging on end of rump; area
between, uniform light brown, cream-fawn or whitish___-_-----------
No well-defined dorsolateral ridges limiting a uniform dorsal coloration _ -
. Dorsal skin covered with fine tubercles; no evidence of a parotoid gland;
tibiotarsal articulation to middle of eye; color fawn to light brown, uni-
form, with an indistinct, V-shaped blackish mark on occiput; 15 mm.,
CpmLOuniriars D pine nER yd ya See as ae oot minimus (p.
Dorsal skin nearly smooth; a strongly defined parotoid; tibiotarsal artic-
ulation halfway to nostril; color clay-white on back; no tubercles on
Gutemedge of tarsus; 14.2 mm., o'; 9 7.2 -22=.---_---=- imitator (p.
. An inverted V-shaped ridge and mark on shoulders; lip spotted black; a
pair of inguinal black spots; no tubercles on outer edge of tarsus; tips of
digits widened; no parotoid; 16 mm., @; 19 mm., 9? --- pygmaeus (p.
Inverted V-shaped ridge and dark mark sometimes evident in males; no
inguinal black spots; tubercles on outer edge of tarsus; tips of digits not
or but minutely wider than digits; parotoid gland present; 15.1 mm., o;
5
54)
55)
55)
DOMME OF. eye A oer eee) oes tt tod: Axe hobartsmithi (p. 55)
54 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
MICROBATRACHYLUS ALBOLABRIS Taylor
Microbatrachylus albolabris Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 502-504, pl. 56, figs. A and B.—Taytor and Smiru, Proc. U. 8. Nat.
Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 563-564.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 6407. f
Type locality —2 miles west of Cérdoba, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Coastal hills of Veracruz, Chiapas, Guerrero, and un-
doubtedly Oaxaca. Recorded from Veracruz: Potrero Viejo, Cuaut-
lapan; Chiapas: La Esperanza (near Escuintla), Colonia Hidalgo,
Salto de Agua (Mount Ovando); Guerrero: Agua del Obispo, and 1%
miles north of Mazatlin. No specimens yet known from Oaxaca.
MICROBATRACHYLUS LINEATISSIMUS Taylor
Microbatrachylus lineatissimus Taytor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 54,
1941, pp. 87-89.
Type -—KHT-HMS No. 24289.
Type locality —Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico, elevation 7,000
to 8,000 feet.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
MICROBATRACHYLUS OAXACAE Taylor
Microbatrachylus oaxacae TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 504-507.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 18197.
Type locality —Cerro San Felipe, near Oaxaca, Oaxaca.
Range.—Known only from the type locality, and Lachiguiri, Oaxaca.
MICROBATRACHYLUS MONTANUS Taylor
Microbatrachylus montanus Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp.
67-69, pl. 6, figs. 2, 2a—2c.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 115507.
Type locality — Mount Ovando, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Chiapas in region about Mount Ovando. Reported from
La Esperanza (near Escuintla), Las Nubes, and Salto de Agua (Mount
Ovando in Chiapas).
MICROBATRACHYLUS MINIMUS Taylor
Microbatrachylus minimus Tayuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 507-508, pl. 56, figs. C, D—Taytor and Smit, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 95, 1945, pp. 562-568.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 6416.
Type locality —Agua del Obispo, Guerrero, Mexico (Kilometer 350).
Range.—Coastal hills of Guerrero, Veracruz, and Chiapas. Re-
ported from Veracruz: Potrero Viejo, Cuautlapan; Chiapas: Salto de
Agua (Mount Ovando); Guerrero: Agua del Obispo.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 55
MICROBATRACHYLUS IMITATOR Taylor
Microbatrachylus imitator Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp.
70-71, pl. 6, figs. 1, la, 1b, 1c.
Type-—U.S.N.M. No. 115508.
Type locality—La Esperanza (near Escuintla), Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality, and Colonia Hidalgo
in Chiapas.
MICROBATRACHYLUS PYGMAEUS (Taylor)
Eleutherodactylus pygmaeus TayuLor, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., vol. 39, 1936
(19387), pp. 352-354, pl. 1, figs. 3, 4.
Microbatrachylus pygmaeus Tayuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 500-501.—Taytor and Smiru, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, p.
565.
Type-—KHT-HMS No. 3691.
Type locality—One mile north of Rodriguez Clara, Veracruz,
Mexico.
Range.—Veracruz, eastern Oaxaca, Chiapas and Guerrero. Re-
ported from Veracruz: Potrero Viejo, Cuautlapan; Oazaca: Matias
Romero; Chiapas: La Esperanza (near Escuintla), Colonia Hidalgo,
Colonia Soconusco, Las Nubes, Cerro Ovando, Finca Judrez, La
Magnolia, Salto de Agua on Mount Ovando; Guerrero: Agua del
Obispo and 12 miles south of Chilpancingo.
MICROBATRACHYLUS HOBARTSMITHI (Taylor)
Eleutherodactylus hobartsmitht Taytor, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., vol. 39, 1936
(1937), pp. 355-357, pl. 1, figs. 5, 6.
Microbatrachylus hobartsmithit Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939
(1940), pp. 501-502.
Type.—EHT-HMS No. 3688.
Type locality —Near Uruapan, Michoacan, Mexico.
Range.—Southwestern portion of the central plateau of Mexico.
Recorded from Meézico: 10 miles west of Villa Victoria; Jalisco: 20
miles west of Guadalajara; Michoacdén: Mirador in Zimba National
Forest.
Genus LEPTODACTYLUS Fitzinger
Leptodactylus FitzincEer, Neue Classification der Reptilien, 1826, p. 38.
Genotype.—Leptodactylus typhonia Fitzinger= Rana typhonia (part)
Daudin (nec Rana typhonius Linnaeus, 1758).
Range.—Southern Texas and Sonora to Argentina, the Antilles, and
the islands of San Andrés and Providence.
Species —About 60 are known, 3 of which occur in Mexico.
56 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF LEPTODACTYLUS
1. A strongly defined ventral dermal disk; toes lacking lateral dermal fringes;
males with a prominent shelflike projection on snout; skin smooth
without horn-tipped tubercles scattered over body; males lacking black,
horny spines on first finger; white below; a white stripe on lip__labialis (p. 56)
No strongly defined ventral dermal disk; toes with strong lateral dermal
fringes; males with 2 heavy horny spines on first finger, and without
shelf from snout; lip without a white stripe-_.....__.__-..___--___-_- 2
2. Posttympanic gland elongate, with a free-rounded posterior; these as well
as axillary and postfemoral glands producing a horny excretion at least
during a part of the year; digital spines of males closer together;
smiailenng cet eset he ete Pee Ba Se occidentalis (p. 56)
Posttympanic gland ill defined; the axillary and postfemoral glands, if
present, diffuse, all not forming horny excretions; digital spines more
separated; larger species (composite) -_---__------- melanonotus (p. 57)
LEPTODACTYLUS LABIALIS (Cope)
Cystignathus labialis Corr, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 17, 1877, p. 90.
Leptodactylus labialis Broccut, Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l Amér-
ique centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 1, 1881, p. 20, pl. 5, fig. 1—Gatexr, Carnegie
Inst. Washington Publ. No. 457, 1936, p. 281.
Cystignathus fragilis Broccut, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 1, 1877, p. 182
(Tehuantepec, Mexico; Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris No. 1952).
[Cystignathus] gracilis Corn, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 18, 1879, p. 269-270
(nec Cystignathus gracilis Duméril and Bibron).
Leptodactylus albilabris GintHeR, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and
Batrachia, 1900, p. 213 (nec L. albilabris Giinther, 1859).—Kzrtuoae, U. §.
Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 82, 83-88 (part).
Type.—(Cotypes) U.S.N.M. Nos. 31300-31305.
Type locatity—‘ Probably a part of Sumichrast’s Mexican Collec-
tion.”
Range.—Texas south to Nicaragua, Oaxaca, and Guerrero. In
Mexico it occurs in Tamaulipas, Nuevo Ledén, Veracruz, Morelos,
Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas, Tabasco, Yucatan, and Campeche.
LEPTODACTYLUS OCCIDENTALIS Taylor 28
Leptodactylus occidentalis TayLor, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., vol. 39, 1936 (1937),
pp. 347-352, pl. 1, figs. 1, 2, 7.
Type.—_EHT-HMS No. 3322.
Type locality.—Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.
Range.—Sonora to Nayarit. Known from the type locality, Ma-
zatlin, Sinaloa, and Alamos, Sonora.
#8 Validity questioned by Bogert and Oliver, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 83, 1945, pp. 342-343, who
synonymize it with L. melanonotus. The latter species needs careful revision. We are certain of the dis-
tinctness of occidentalis among Mexican populations and accordingly list it here. The other populations of
melanonotus appear extremely heterogeneous, and, of course, comparisons of any one population, however
distinct, with all others, cannot be very impressive, as Bogert and Oliver have observed.
|
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CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 57
LEPTODACTYLUS MELANONOTUS (Hallowell)
Cystignathus melanonotus HALLOWELL, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia
12, 1860, p. 485. ;
Leptodactylus melanonotus Broccut, Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans
Amérique centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 1, 1881, p. 20.—KE.Loag, U. S. Nat
Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 82-83, 88-89.—Gaiaz, Carnegie Inst. Washington
Publ. No. 457, 1936, p. 291 (tadpole)—Bocgrrt and Outrver, Bull. Amer.
Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 83, 1945, pp. 342-348.
? Cystignathus microtis Corn, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 18, 1879, p. 265
(Guanajuato, Mexico; U.S.N.M. No. 9906).
Cystignathus perlaevis Corr, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 18, 1879, pp. 269-270
(Japana [—Tapana—Tapanatepec] Oaxaca; U.S.N.M. No. 10041).
Leptodactylus caliginosus GUNTHER, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and
Batrachia, 1900, p. 214 (nec L. caliginosus Girard).
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 6264.
Tupe locality —Nicaragua.
Range.—Southern Sonora and San Luis Potosi southward along
both coasts to Costa Rica. Recorded in Mexico from the states of
Sonora, Sinaloa, Michoacan, Colima, Guanajuato (erroneously), Nay-
arit, Guerrero, Veracruz, San Luis Potosi, Campeche, Yucatan,
Tabasco, Oaxaca, Chiapas, and Jalisco.
vol.
Genus ELEUTHERODACTYLUS Duméril and Bibron
Eleutherodactylus Dum&RiL and Brsron, Erpétologie générale, vol. 8, 1841, p. 620.
Epirhexis Corn, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, new ser., vol. 6, 1866, p.
96 (genotype Batrachyla longipes Baird).
Genotype.—EHleutherodactylus martinicensis (=Hylodes martinicen-
sis) Tschudi.
Range.—Southern Texas and Sonora to Brazil and Peru, the Antil-
les.
Syecies.—About 225, of which 28 occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF ELEUTHERODACTYLUS
bo
1. Arboreal forms with tips of digits strongly dilated____-_-._-----------
Terrestrial forms for the most part, digits not or very moderately dilated;
none of digit tips showing an emargination_-______-_-------------- 8
2. Two or more of the outer digitai disks with a median terminal notch.__ 3
Outer digital disks without trace of a median terminal notch_-------- a
3. Vocal sac absent in males; tympanum of males about two-thirds diam-
eter of eye; upper part of tympanum not blackish__-_-__------------- 4
Vocal sac present in males; tympanum of males less than half length of
eye; upper part of tympanum usually blackish____---------------- 5
4, Tibiotarsal articulation (heel) to much beyond tip of snout; tympanum
brownish with a lighter center; a tarsal fold present; vomerine teeth
reach forward to a line between middle of choanae; 50 mm-_. alfredi (p. 60)
Tibiotarsal articulation to nostril; no tarsal fold present; vomerine teeth
completelv behind level of choanae; 42.5 mm__------ conspicuus (p. 60)
58
5.
10.
Lie
BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Heel to anterior edge of eye; disks of three outer fingers and toes rather
strongly emarginated, usually a distinct inguinal black spot; usually
two or more dark diagonal spots or lines on sides, separated by cream
TINGS.) 52) MAM ee a ee ee, a ee a spatulatus (p.
Heel-to snout. tip; or,beyonds 2 32s. a oe ee ee
. Heel reaching much beyond tip of snout; dorsum light, sides darker;
canthus rostralis distinct; a median elevated area on occiput and in-
terorbital region; toes less dilated at tip; emargination of outer digital
disks not pronounced; no diagonal lines on sides; tarsal fold indicated
by one or two small tubercles; 25 mm______________~- decoratus (p.
Heel reaching tip of snout; gray markings on a lighter background; sides
not darker than dorsum; a symmetrical mark indicated on shoulders;
elevated area on head absent or faintly indicated; canthus rounded or
wanting; tarsal fold indicated by an elongate tubercle; 28.5 mm.
hidalgoensis (p.
. Toes short, hylalike, but without a cartilage between last two phalanges;
a pair of narrow dorsolateral ridges; no large distinct black spots on
backer 20 nmin we: Pes ao ee See eee Oe ee eee ene batrachylus (p.
Toes apparently longer, not especially hylalike; the disks less widened;
no dorsolateral ridges; a triangular mark on occiput; other dark marks
omback: S8rmm- 42g: ices bo apres i ee ee aye ne 2 longipes (p.
No trace of an inner tarsal fold; vomerine teeth present but weak (or
perhaps occasionally absent in mexicanus).—.__---2—----__-_=-.__.—
A tarsal fold or tarsal tubercle present (absent or indistinct in matudai, in
which the edge of the tarsus is thickened but not elevated)___________-
. An inguinal gland present, rather distinct; vocal sacs in males absent
(except in occidentalis); toes very slightly dilated, disks with trans-
verse groove present or absent, visible if slightly dehydrated; super-
numerary tubercles absent on foot (except in occidentalis), but present,
larger orvsmatiler, on-hande': 22 o> Se ee ok eee ee
Vocal sacs present, the toes blunt, slightly swollen at tip; large super-
numerary tubercles present on soles and palms, 8 or 9 on former, 5 or 6
on latter; no inguinal gland evident; an intertympanic fold usually
DICSON G2 22 2 SA ek an Se
First finger longer than second; inner metatarsal tubercle compressed,
very large, about equal to length of first toe; outer tubercle about
one-fifth of inner; some rather indistinct supernumerary tubercles on
sole; no outer palmar tubercle; vomerine teeth well developed; male
with vocal sac; gonadal membranes white; heel to nostril; heels over-
Revs AD nas ee agg hs ees hae Seine wiaewep ee ae occidentalis (p.
First finger shorter than (rarely equal to) second; inner metatarsal
tubercle not compressed; vocal sac absent__.-__..._....--.-1-__.1_-
Heels not touching when legs are folded; heel to eye; inner metatarsal
tubercle very large, broad oval-conical, very little shorter than first toe;
outer tubercle one-fifth of inner; supernumerary tubercles obsolete on
sole, present on palm; small outer palmar tubercle present, touching
median; vomerine teeth small, weak; gonadal membranes white; skin
above minutely granular; abdomen coarsely granular; ventral disk not
reaching femur; no tubercles on outer part of tarsus; 42 mm.
calcitrans (p.
Heels overlapping when legs are folded; belly smooth_______.________-
61)
61)
61)
61)
61)
9
18
10
13
62)
11
62)
12
12.
13.
15.
16.
£7.
18.
19.
20.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO
Outer metatarsal tubercle one-third or more of inner; a few tubercles on
outer edge of tarsus; inner metatarsal tubercle smaller and more elon-
gate-oval than that of preceding species; large, outer palmar tubercle
partly fused to median; digits very slightly dilated at tips, without
transverse grooves; vomerine teeth reduced or absent; some variable
dorsal ridges, the skin usually granular; vomerine teeth reduced (or
occasionally absent); testicular membranes white; 40 mm.
mexicanus (p.
No tubercles on tarsus; tips of digits widened into small disks with trans-
verse grooves; heel much beyond tip of snout; heels overlapping much
when legs are folded; vomerine teeth small, weak; inner metatarsal
tubercle oval, rather small, less than three-fifths length of inner toe;
outer palmar tubercle fused to median; ventral disk distinct; gonadal
membranes black, inguinal gland yellowish (perhaps referable to Micro-
Gainchyius) mittee ho eo obo Lee seer sold eee saltator (p
Heavy toadlike forms with or without a tarsal fold; a strongly defined
VemunslaGis Kkaea eee ee See oS ee Saeco e peas eee see
Smaller, slender froglike forms, lacking a tarsal fold; the head as wide as
body; ventral disk present but not strongly defined; more or less areo-
late, rough or striated; heel to between eye and nostril__------------
A sharp-edged tarsal fold; a small web between the toes; head very wide;
a small outer metatarsal tubercle; a large protuberant inner; 74 mm.
laticeps (p.
No trace of a tarsal fold; no trace of webbing between toes___---------
Limbs short; heel to tympanum; heels widely separated when legs are
folded (7 mm.); skin above minutely corrugated, without tubercles;
outer metatarsal tubercle three-quarters of inner; tympanum about
three-fifths of eye diameter; eyelid greater than interorbital distance;
7 SU Peerage pee SS en aaa eee cactorum (p.
Limbs longer; heel to eye; heels touch or overlap a little when limbs are
folded; eyelid less than interorbital space_-__-----------------------
Tympanum two-thirds to four-fifths diameter of eye; dorsal surface
NiMmoOothe POU amM=—— ==. -------+--------==------= latrans (p.
Tympanum scarcely one-half diameter of eye; dorsal surface rough,
pranuiate sO mam 22-02) 2-2 =~ - se 5 aa- --=--Se- ee augusti (p.
An intratympanic fold; skin smoother, median palmar tubercle narrowed,
elongate; limbs strongly barred with double white lines; 44 mm.
bolivari (p.
No intratympanic fold; supernumerary tubercles on hand very large;
skin rougher, tubercular; median palmar tubercle not strongly nar-
rowed; hind limbs not barred with double white lines; 43 mm.
tarahumaraensis (p.
MaduntinetciarsnitGlder 6 2402 2-3 £2 2b Sono ben Sao eae
A tubercle present on tarsus instead of a fold_-----------------------
A mere vestige of a web between toes; edges of canthus rostralis sharp;
a pair of sinuous dorsal ridges from eye to rump, nearest together at
middle of body; tips of toes scarcely dilated; no distinct tarsal fold;
Materia oe eee ec a nas matudai (p.
A small distinct web present between toes; edges of canthus not elevated_
A vocal sac present in males; tubercles in occipital region tending to form
a W-shaped pattern; toe disks rounder, wider than fingers; first and sec-
ond fingers subequal; toes one-third webbed; a slight, narrow, elongate
tarsal fold extends half length of tarsus; 57.5 mm_-_------- vocalis (p.
Vocal sae wanting in males__--------------------------------"----"
59
62)
. 63)
14
17
63)
15
63)
16
63)
63)
64)
64)
19
23
64)
21
60 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
21. Heel reaches much beyond tip of snout__-----.----------.---2.----- 22
Heel reaches tip of snout; toes about one-fourth webbed; an elevated
tarsal fold about two-thirds length of tarsus; first finger longer than
second; (72 mim se sa by ee ee Ee ee rugulosus (p. 65)
22. Very large species; tarsal fold low, runs halfway to heel; first and second
fingers about equal; tympanum three-fifths eye in female; canthus
rosiralis: distinct} 93:nmmi_es.430 ora. Tei ee ee natator (p. 65)
Smaller species; tarsal fold greatly elevated, forming a free fringe, four-
fifths length of tarsus; first finger longer than second; toes between one-
third and one-half webbed; 51 mm_-______-------------- avocalis (p. 65)
23. A white, black-edged stripe on upper jaw; 37 mm____-______ beatae (p. 65)
Normally no white, black-edged stripe on upper lip (rarely present in
PONUStUS) Hilal Bole Lee SRE, isa aE seed OEY a ey eet eee 24
24. A pair of dorsolateral lines from corners of eye converging somewhat on
rump, enclosing a uniform fawn-colored area; a pair of black dots on
OCciput 3 Ome eee eee Se ee dorsoconcolor (p. 66)
Net, the above,patterns = 2.022 S05 ose eee ee eee ee 25
25. A pair of dorsal ridges forming an hourglass pattern, me area between,
and somewhat overlapping the ridges, deep purple; or 4 to 6 ridges, a
pair reaching tip efssnout soo ames ss see sae See eee venustus (p. 66)
Pattern:notiasiabove! aus she mi Laue Maree ye uleyt teresa ee ies Dee 26
26. Dorsolateral lines from corners of eyes cross on the shoulders forming
an X-shaped pattern; a pair of black dots in middle of back; almost
uniform clay to cream-white above; 27 mm_______-- macdougalli (p. 66)
Not the above patterns me scar a te Seep eek fap eee eer 2
27. Similar to above but the ridges coming closer together where they meet two
tubercles, then continue back rather narrowly separated; very variable
in color but usually loreal black stripe and an angular spot above tym-
PORTE ES EN os anes ep eh hed ly San ney Sa rhodopis (p. 66)
Not the above pattern; ridges arising more medially than eye corner and
not coming so close together on shoulders, extending back a variable
distance; variable color pattern; 38 mm____-.------------ dunni (p. 67)
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ALFREDI (Boulenger)
? Hylodes conspicillatus Broccui, Mission scientifique au. Mexique et dans
V Amérique centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2, livr. 2, 1882, p. 59 (nec Hylodes conspicil-
latus Gunther, 1858).
Hylodes alfredi BouLENGER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1898, pp. 480-481, pl. 39,
five
Eleutherodactylus alfredi Kmiuoce, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 94-95,
99-100.—TayYtor and Smiru, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, p. 566,
Type.—(Cotypes) Brit. Mus. Nos. 98.2.19.1 and 98.4.7.1.
Type locality —Atoyac, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Central eastern Veracruz. Reported from Orizaba,
Atoyac, and Cuautlapan in Veracruz.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CONSPICUUS Taylor and Smith
Eleutherodactylus conspicuus TayLor and Smitn, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95,
1945, pp. 567-569, fig. 60A.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 61
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 116509.
Type locality.—Piedras Negras, Guatemala, practically on Mexico-
Guatemala border.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SPATULATUS Smith
Eleutherodactylus spatulatus Situ, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 52, 1939,
pp. 187-190, pl. 2, figs. 4, 5—Tayzor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28,
1942, p. 304, pl. 27, figs. 6, 7, 11.
Type.—U.S.N.M. field No. 3787 of Hobart M. Smith, now U.S.
N.M. No. 106027.
Type locality—Cuautlapan, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS DECORATUS Taylor
Eleutherodactylus decoratus Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp.
301-303, pl. 25, figs. 1-4, pl. 27, fig. 9.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 28720.
Type locality.—Near Banderilla, 6 miles west of Jalapa, Veracruz,
Mexico.
Range.—Known only from La Joya and Banderilla, Veracruz.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HIDALGOENSIS Taylor
Eleutherodactylus hidalgoensis TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp.
299-301, pl. 25, figs. 5-8, pl. 27, fig. 10.
Type—EHT-HMS No. 24454.
Type locality—About 4 miles north of Tianguistengo, Hidalgo,
Mexico.
Range.—Eastern Hidalgo, and central Veracruz. Known only
from the type locality, and Tequeyutepec, Veracruz.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BATRACHYLUS Taylor
Eleutherodactylus longipes BARBouR (nec Baird), Proc. New England Zool. Club,
vol. 8, 1923, pp. 81-83.
Eleutherodactylus batrachylus TayLor, Proc. New England Zool. Club, vol. 18,
1940, pp. 13-16, pls. 1-2.
Type.—Mus. Comp. Zool. No. 9308.
Type locality—Miquihuana, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LONGIPES (Baird)
Batrachyla longipes Batrp, Report on the United States and Mexican Boundary
Survey, vol. 2, Reptiles, 1859, p. 35, pl. 37, figs. 1-3 (no description).
Eleutherodactylus longipes Keuioac, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 95,
107 (part).
757435485
62 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Type.—Formerly in U.S. National Museum; now lost (fide Kellogg).
Type locality Mexico, the exact locality doubtful.
Range.—Unknown.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS OCCIDENTALIS Taylor
Borborocoetes mexicanus BOULENGER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1898, pp. 477, 481,
pl. 39, fig. 2, 2a [not Leuiperus mexicanus= Eleutherodactylus mexicanus
(Brocchi)].
Eleutherodactylus occidentalis Tayutor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 54,
1941, pp. 91-92.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, p. 117, pl.
4, fig. 1. -
Type.—(Cotypes) Brit. Mus. No. 92.2.8.66-67.
Type locality Hacienda el Florencio, Zacatecas, Mexico.
Range.—Southwestern edge of the central Mexican plateau. Speci-
mens have been examined or have been reported from Sinaloa:
Plomosas; Columa: Queseria, Paso del Rio; Zacatecas: Hacienda el
Florencio; Jalisco: ‘Piedras Negras,’ Agua Azul, Rosario, 11 miles
west of Guadalajara, Nevado de Colima (8,000 feet), Magdalena;
Nayarit: Cerro San Juan; Michoacdén, near Uruapan.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CALCITRANS (Giinther)
Hylodes calcitrans GUNTHER, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1900, p. 230, pl. 67, fig. B.
Eleutherodactylus calcitrans Taytor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 54, 1941,
p. 983.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, p. 117, pl. 5, fig. 2.
Type.—Brit. Mus. No. 1901.12.19.25-43.
Type locality —Omilteme, Guerrero, and Jalisco, Mexico (restricted
to Omilteme, Guerrero).
Range.—Guerrero. Probably distributed through the Sierra Madre
del Sur (the Jalisco specimen is probably referable to another species).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MEXICANUS (Brocchi)
Leuiperus (sic)mexicanus Broccui, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 1, 1879,
p. 484.
Eleutherodactylus mexicanus Ke.tuoce, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 98-99,
108-112 (part).—Taytor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 54, 1941, pp.
93-94.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, p. 73, pl. 8, figs. 2,
2a—2c.
Type —Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris?
Type locality— Mexico.
Range.—Oaxaca and ? Veracruz. Recorded from Cerro San Felipe
(10,000 feet elevation), Cosolapa, La Parada (7,800 feet), mountains
west of Oaxaca (9,400 feet), ? Tehuantepec, Totontepec, Lachiguiri,
Cerro de las Flores, in the state of Oaxaca; ? Pan de Olla (near Tezuit-
lan), Veracruz.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 63
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SALTATOR Taylor
Eleutherodactylus saltator Taytor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 54, 1941,
pp; 89-91; Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, p. 117, pl. 4, fig. 2,
Type.—KHT-HMS No. 24301.
Type locality.—Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality. Probably distributed
through the higher parts of the Sierra Madre del Sur.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LATICEPS (Duméril)
Hylodes laticeps Dumf&rin, Ann. Sci. Nat. Paris, ser. 3, zool., vol. 19, 1853, p.
178.—DvuMERIL, Bipgon, and Dumé&ri1, Erpétologie générale: vol. 9, 1854
p. 408, Atlas, pl. 99, figs. 1-4.
Eleutherodactylus laticeps Kutuoce, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 93
106-107.
Type-—Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris No. 509 (No. 1547).
Type locality — Yucatén, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CACTORUM Taylor
Eleutherodactylus cactorum Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939),
pp. 391-394, text fig. 2.
Type—EHT-HMS No. 6383.
Type locality —Kailometer 226, 20 miles northwest of Tehuacdn,
Puebla, Mexico.
Range.—Eastern Puebla (Upper Balsan Province).
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LATRANS (Cope)
Lithodytes latrans Corn, U. 8S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 17, 1880, p. 25; U. S. Nat. Mus.
Bull. 34, 1889, pp. 316-317, fig. 80.
Eleutherodactylus latrans SrrsNEGER and Barsour, Checklist of North American
amphibians and reptiles, ed. 1, 1917, p. 34.
Type—.? (Cotypes) U.S.N.M. Nos. 10058, 10529, 10751-—53.
Type locality —Helotes, Bexar County, Tex.
Range.—Texas; northern Mexico to San Luis Potosi. Known in
Mexico from 10 miles west of Naranjos, San Luis Potosi (KHHT-HMS
Collection), and Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS AUGUSTI (Dugés)
Hylodes augusti Ducks, in Brocchi, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 3, 1879,
pp. 21-22.
Eleutherodactylus augusti Kutuoce, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 106, 1932, pp. 93-94,
100-104.—Smrrn and Necker, Anal. Esc. Nac. Cienc. Biol., vol. 3, 1944,
pp. 201-203, pl. 1, fig. 1—Tayzor and Smiru, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95.
1945, pp. 574-575, pl. 24, figs. 7, 8.
64. BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Type.—Alfredo Dugés Museum, Guanajuato, Guanajuato (skele-
ton).
Type locality —Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Range.—The western edge and southern part of the central Mexican
plateau, and the Sierra Madre del Sur in Guerrero. Specimens are
known or have been reported from Nayarit: Cerro San Juan; Durango:
Ventanas (“from a mine 1,000 feet deep!’’) ; Guanajuato: Guanajuato,
4 miles west of Acémbaro, Tupdtaro; Zacatecas: Zacatecas; Jalisco:
La Laguna (6,900 feet), near Magdalena; Morelos: 10 miles northeast
of Cuernavaca; Guerrero: Agua del Obispo; Michoacdén: Lake Patzcuaro
(near Quiroga), Uruapan; Oazaca: Mixtequilla Mountains, Cerro
Guengola.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BOLIVARI Taylor
Eleutherodactylus bolivart TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 298—
299, p. 26, figs. 1-4.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 29564.
Type localhity.—Ixtapan del Oro, México, Mexico.
Range.—Known from only the type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS TARAHUMARAENSIS Taylor
Eleutherodactylus tarahumaraensis TayLor, Copeia, Dec. 27, 1940, pp. 250-253,
fig. 1.
? Eleutherodactylus augusti BocerT and OLivEeR (nec Dugés), Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., vol. 83, 1945, pp. 405-406 (part).2®
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 23008.
Type locality —Mojarachic, Chihuahua, Mexico; elevation 6,900
feet.
Range.—Known definitely only from the type locality and (?) 2 miles
east of Guirocoba, Sonora; sight records for Nayarit (Ixtlin) and
adjacent Jalisco (Magdalena) may possibly belong here.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MATUDAI Taylor
Eleutherodactylus matudai Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp.
154-157, pl. 11.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 110626.
Type locality Mount Ovando, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS VOCALIS Taylor
Eleutherodactylus vocalis TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 401-405, pl. 44, and text fig. 8.
29 It is impossible to accept the idea expressed by Bogert and Oliver that tarahumaraensis and augusti are
synonymous. These two species are the most widely different of the entire group of Eleutherodactylus to
which they belong.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 65
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 6390.
Type locality.—Hacienda El Sabino, Uruapan, Michoacén, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS NATATOR Taylor
Eleutherodactylus natator TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939),
pp. 394-397, pl. 39, fig. 2, and pl. 40.
Type.-—KHT-HMS No. 6373.
Type locality.—Tlilapam (—Cuautlapan), Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Western Veracruz, northeastern Oaxaca, and probably
northeastern Puebla. Recorded or examined from Cuautlapan, Met-
lac, and Fortin, Veracruz, and Camotlain, Oazaca.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS AVOCALIS Taylor and Smith
Eleutherodactylus avocalis Taytor and Smiru, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95,
1945, pp. 580-581.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 116885.
Type locality —Tres Cruces, near Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RUGULOSUS (Cope)
Liyla rugulosa Corx, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 11, 1869, pp. 160-161.
? Hylodes berkenbuschii PrErERS, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1869, pp. 879-880
(probably near Matamoros, Puebla, Mexico; Berlin Mus. No. 6666).
Eleutherodactylus rugulosus KmLuoace, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 95-96,
116-117.—Taytor and Smira, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 578-
579, pl. 23, figs. 3, 4.
Type.—Cotypes, U.S.N.M. Nos. 29971, 29972.
Type locality.—Pacific region of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico.
Range.—Eastern Puebla and Oaxaca southward to El Salvador.
Reported in Mexico from Chiapas: Colonia Hidalgo, Finca Judrez, La
Magnolia, Rancho Las Gradas, Cruz de Piedra, Colonia Soconusco,
La Esperanza (near Escuintla), Salto de Agua, San Juanita, Tonala,
Tumbala (4,000 feet); Guerrero: Agua del Obispo; Oaxaca: Pluma,
Tehuantepec; Puebla. The published Veracruz references may
belong to Hleutherodactylus natator.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BEATAE (Boulenger)
Hylodes beatae Boutencsr, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 12, 1903, pp. 552-
553.
Syrrhophus mystaceus BaRBour, Proc. Biol. Soc, Washington, vol. 35, 1922, p. 112
(type locality, Cerro de los Estrapajos, Veracruz, Mexico; Mus. Comp. Zool.
No. 8241).
Eleutherodactylus beatae Ketuoae, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 92-93,
104—105.—Tay or and Smitu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 572-
573, figs. 60G, 61A.
66 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Type.—Cotypes, Brit. Mus. Nos. 1903.9.30.236; 1903.9.30.237.
Type locality—tLa Perla, near Orizaba, Veracruz, Mexico, 6,000
feet elevation.
Range.—Central eastern Veracruz and Pacific Chiapas. Reported
from Cuautlapan, Tequeyutepec, Cerro de los Estrapajos (west of
Jalapa), La Perla (near Orizaba), Veracruz; La Esperanza, Chiapas.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS DORSOCONCOLOR Taylor
Eleutherodactylus dorsoconcolor TayLtor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941,
pp. 152-154, pl. 10.—Taytor and Smiru, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95,
1945, p. 574, fig. 61B.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 110619.
Type locality—Tequeyutepec, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Veracruz. Known only from type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS VENUSTUS (Giinther)
Hylodes venustus GUNTHER, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1900, p. 234, pl. 68, fig. C.
Eleutherodactylus venusius Kmeuuoce, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 96-97,
117-118.—Taytor and Smiru, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 573—
574, fig. 61C—D.
Type.—Brit. Mus. No. 1901.12.19.37.
Type locality.—Jalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Western Veracruz and Chiapas. Reported from Veracruz:
Tequeyutepec, Minatitlin, and Jalapa; Chiapas: La Esperanza (near
Kscuintla), Salto de Agua (Mount Ovando), Colonia Soconusco.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MACDOUGALLI Taylor
Eleutherodactylus macdougalli Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942,
pp. 71-73, pl. 7, figs. 1, la-le.
Type—EHT-HMS No. 27482.
Type locality —La Gloria, Oaxaca, Mexico (Atlantic slopes, north
of Niltepec, 4,500 feet elevation).
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RHODOPIS (Cope)
Lithodytes rhodopis Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 18, 1866,
p. 323.
Eleutherodactylus rhodopis Nosur, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 38, 1918,
p. 327, pl. 16, fig. 1—Kzxrtuoce, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 97-98,
112-115.—Taytior and Smrru, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 576—
578.
Hylodes sallaei GiNTHER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868, p. 487, pl. 38, fig. 3
(Mexico; Brit. Mus. No. 57.7.31.27).
? Hylodes plicatus GUN1HER, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1900, p. 228, pl. 66, fig. B (Jalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Brit. Mus. No.
1901.12.19.38).
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 67
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 16558 (lectotype).
Type locality—Orizaba and Cérdoba, Veracruz; restricted to
vicinity of Orizaba.
Range.—San Luis Potosi through Central America to ?Brazil
(fide Miranda-Ribeiro). Reported in Mexico from San Luis Potosi:
Chapulhuacén; Veracruz: Potrero Viejo, San Juan de Gracia, Cuautla-
pan; Chiapas: San Juanito (near Palenque), La Esperanza (near
Escuintla), Colonia Soconusco, Tonalé, Las Nubes, Chicharras, Salto
de Agua, Las Gradas, Cruz de Piedra, Finca Juarez; Oaxaca: Matias
Romero; Tabasco: La Venta.
ELEUTHERODACTYLUS DUNNI Barbour
Eleutherodactylus dunnit Barsour, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 35, 1922,
pp. 111-112.—Kertioae, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 69, 105-106.—
Taytor and Smirn, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 570, 572,
fig. 61 E-H.
Type.—Mus. Comp. Zool. No. 8242.
Type locality.—Cerro de los Estropajos, west of Jalapa, Veracruz,
Mexico.
Range.—Western Veracruz and eastern Puebla. Reported from
Veracruz: Tequeyutepec, Cuautlapan, Xico, and Cerro de los Es-
tropajos; Puebla: Huauchinango.
Family HYLIDAE Giinther
Hylidae GintuER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the collection of the
British Museum, 1858 (1859), p. 96.
KEY TO MEXICAN GENERA OF HYLIDAE
1. Terminal phalanges more or less T-shaped; very small green frogs, the
color quickly fading; transparent on venter so internal organs may be
SCCn we SMS PCClestasame a ono Se oe Centrolenella (p. 68)
Terminal phalanges more or less claw-shaped; not transparent on ventral
BULIACC Meer ie ih yaewe ails Fat ook ee ee oe cease 2
Za inorheag co-ossiied with cranium. 2. _ 22-22 a 3
Skin on head not co-ossified with cranial bones; head not forming casque. 6
olleadea-bony casque witha lateral shelf2./---.-.=----=-.__---.----.- 4
Head not in form of a bony casque; no palatine or parasphenoid teeth_._ 5
4. Palatine teeth present forming a curved row behind choanae; para-
sphenoid teeth present, forming a single median row; lateral shelf
NAC stem BDC CICN ie sate oe Soe ee Se a eee oe et Diaglena (p. 69)
Palatine teeth absent; parasphenoid teeth present, small; lateral shelf
HAREM MEPS DECIOSE. = il! Maxie aT ES 2 oL ease Triprion (p. 70)
5. A series of high, conical, curved, bony spines surrounded by glands
border occipital region, and are continued (much shortened) anteriorly
along the borders of skull bones; 1 species_----------- Anotheca (p. 70)
No spines on skull; head tending to bend sharply forward, especially
when preserved; 1 species .-.--..--=-22-==222-=2=5- Pternohyla (p. 70)
68 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
6. Pupil vertical; first finger opposable to other three; pollex bone forms a
lateral projection on first finger, but without an exposed spine; 3
BPCCIOS H.-A Se DR ee Sy see acre pens Cee Agalychnis (p. 71)
Pupil honzgomtal. . 22 soo 50s eae See 2 ae he ea en eee 7
7. First finger with a free rudiment of pollex, and with a free exposed spine;
2 species! Weel ICks Sees eee AE ee: TS Plectrohyla (p. 73)
First finger without a free rudiment of pollex and without spine_______- 8
8. A pair of external vocal sacs behind angles of jaws; parotoid spread over
back» skingthick*ya"species 23. - 5 swe to eee Acrodytes (p. 74)
No pair of vocal sacs behind jaw angles; parotoids absent or indistinct__ 9
9. A pair of subgular vocal sacs in males; 1 species_____--_- Smilisca (p. 75)
None or a single subgular vocal sac
10. No large ventrolateral gland present; individual horny nuptial rugosities
on-first finger-of male, smallbor absent... 222-22 5.5552 ee ee 11
A large ventrolateral gland present; nuptial rugosities on male, relatively
very large, and reduced in area and numbers; 1 species. Ptychohyla (p. 91)
11. Vomerine teeth absent; vocal sac present or absent; a broad fold of skin
along side to groin; head wide and flat; 2 species__.______ Hylella (p. 76)
Vomerine teeth present (absent in H. picta, in which case there is no
lateral: fol dtot skim) <select pert Na er 12
12. Tips of digits not dilated; small terrestrial forms; 1 species_._._._ Acris (p. 77)
Tips of digits widened; arboreal and terrestrial forms; 37 species. Hyla (p. 77)
Genus CENTROCLENELLA Noble
Centrolenella None, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 42, 1920, p. 441.
Genotype.—Centrolenella antioquiensis Noble.
Range.—Guerrero to Ecuador.
Species.—Five, of which two occur in Mexico.”
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF CENTROLENELLA
1. Tibiotarsal articulation reaching several millimeters beyond tip of snout;
upperparts smooth; head broad; no fleshy folds on thighs near anus;
iris of eye, golden; choanae very large; a cream spot on eyelid; heels
overlapping when legs are folded at right angles; 24 mm.
fleischmanni (p. 68)
Dorsal surface of body and limbs covered with minute rugosities; forearm
and toes distinctly broader than preceding, and hand larger; body
somewhat shorter and thicker proportionally; iris of eye dark black;
heel reaches nostril; no cream spot on eyelid; heels barely touching
when legs are folded at right angles to body; maximum size, 23 mm.
viridissima (p. 69)
CENTROLENELLA FLEISCHMANNI (Boettger)
Hylella fleischmanni BorttcEr, Bericht. Senck. Nat. Ges., 1893, p. 251.
Centrolenella fleischmanni Noxsux, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 37, 1925,
pp. 66, 69.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, p. 74.
80 Some authors combine these with Centrolene Jiménez de la Espada, 1872 (Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat.
vol. 1, p. 87; type C. geckoideum Jiménez de la Espada, Rio Napo, Ecuador), comprised of three species with
humeral hooks in males and sometimes in females.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 69
Type.—Senckenberg Mus.
Type locality —San José, Costa Rica.
Range.—Chiapas to Costa Rica. Known in Mexico only from Salto
de Agua, Mount Ovando, Chiapas.
CENTROLENELLA VIRIDISSIMA Taylor
Centrolenella viridissima TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 75-77,
pl. 9, figs. 2, 2a, 2b.
Type.—EHT-HMS No. 27725.
Type locality—Agua del Obispo, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
Genus DIAGLENA Cope
Diaglena Corr, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 32, 1887, p. 12.— Tartor, Univ. Kansas Sci.
Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 57-58.
Genotype.—Triprion spatulatus Gtinther.
Range—Pacific coast from southern Sinaloa to the Isthmus of
Tehuantepec.
Species.—Two.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF DIAGLENA
1. Body skin smooth; canthal ridges unite much behind nostrils forming a
ridge that continues to tip of snout; head and body rather slender;
uniform green above; 86 mm__--_-------------------- spatulata (p. 69)
Skin above finely granular; canthal ridges unite far forward, not forming
a prominent nasal ridge that extends to tip of snout; head broader and
longer proportionally; heavily mottled with brown; 98 mm.
reticulata (p. 69)
DIAGLENA RETICULATA Taylor
Diaglena reticulata TayYuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 60-61, pl.
4, figs. 1, la—1c; pl. 5, fig. 1.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 115500.
Type locality —Cerro Arenal, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Tehuantepec region of Oaxaca. Specimens examined or
reported from Oazaca: Cerro Arenal, Chivela, San Antonio.
DIAGLENA SPATULATA (Giinther)
Triprion spatulatus GUNTHER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 10, 1882, p. 279.
Diaglena spatulata Corn, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 32, 1887, p. 12.— KELLoeG, U.S.
Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 131-132, 137-138.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas
Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 58-60, pl. 4, figs. 2, 2a-2c; pl. 5, fig. 2.
Type.—(Cotypes) Brit. Mus. Nos. 82.11.13.1; 82.12.5.11-12.
Type locality Presidio de Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality and vicinity. Re-
corded from Sinaloa: Presidio (50 mi. from Mazatlin’’), and “Ve-
nodio” (=? Venadillo).
70 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Genus TRIPRION Cope
Pharyngodon Corn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1865, p. 193
(genotype Pharyngodon petasatus Cope; preoccupied by Pharyngodon
Diesing, 1860).
Triprion Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 18, 1866, p. 127.
Genotype.—Pharyngodon petasatus Cope.
Range.—Northern Yucatan.
Species.—One.
TRIPRION PETASATUS (Cope)
Pharyngodon petasatus Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1865,
pp. 193-194.
Triprion petasatus Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 18, 1866, p.
127.—Kxuioae, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 132, 138-139.—Garen,
Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. No. 457, 1936, pp. 291-292.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 12287.
Type locality —Vicinity of Mérida, Yucatén, Mexico.
Range.—Yucatén. Reported from Mérida, Chichen Itz4, Santa:
Elena Cenote.
Genus ANOTHECA Smith
Anotheca Smiru, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 52, 1939, pp. 190-191, pl. 1,
figs. 1-3, and pl. 2, fig. 6.
Genotype.—Anotheca coronata (Stejneger).
Range.—Central Veracruz, Mexico.
Species.—One.
ANOTHECA CORONATA (Stejneger)
Opisthodelphys ovifera GUNTHER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the col-
lection of the British Museum, 1858 (1859), p. 117 (Cérdoba, Veracruz,
Mexico) (nec Notodelphys ovifera Lichtenstein and Weinland).
Gastrotheca coronata STEINEGER, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 41, 1911, pp. 287-
288.—KeEtuoae, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 181, 183-135.
Anotheca coronata Smitu, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 52, 1939, pp. 190-
191, pl. 1, figs. 1-3, and pl. 2, fig. 6—Taytor and Sarita, Proc. U.S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 601-602, figs. 60B-C.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 48279.
Type locality —Palomo, Valle de Orosi, Cartago, Costa Rica.
Range.—Southern Veracruz to Costa Rica. Specimens are known
or recorded from Veracruz: Cuautlapan, Cérdoba, and San Juan de
Gracia.
Genus PTERNOHYLA Boulenger
Pternohyla Boutencer, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 10, 1882, p. 326.
Genotype.—Pternohyla fodiens Boulenger.
Range.—Western central Mexico.
Species.—One.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 71
PTERNOHYLA FODIENS Boulenger
Pternohyla fodiens BouLENGER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 10, 1882, pp.
326-327, figs.—Gtnruer, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batra-
chia, 1901, p. 292, pl. 74, fig. B—Krtuioae, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932,
pp. 131, 1385-137.
Hyla rudis Mocquarp, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 9, vol. 1, 1899, pp. 163-164,
pl. 1, fig. 3 (Guadalajara and Jalisco in Mexico; Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris No.
373a).
Type.—Brit. Mus. No. 1882.11.27.8.
Type locality —Presidio 50 miles from Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Range.—Sonora to Colima. Specimens have been examined or re-
ported from Sonora: Noria; Jalisco: 3 miles east of Autlén; near Colo-
titlan, Cerro de Cal, El] Fuerte (near Ocotlan), Guadalajara, Hacienda
Santa Maria Magdalena, Jamay, Magdalena, Guadalajara; Nayarit:
Acaponeta, Tepic; Sinaloa: Mazatlan, Presidio de Mazatlain, Rosario
(250 feet altitude); Colima: Colima, Queseria, Buena Vista.
Genus AGALYCHNIS Cope
Agalychnis Corn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 16, 1864, p. 181.
Genotype —Hyla callidryas Cope.
Range.—Central Veracruz and Guerrero to Ecuador.
Species.—Six, three of which occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF AGALYCHNIS
1. Fingers strongly webbed (one-half to two-thirds); toes three-fourths to
fully webbed; digital disks much wider than digits; green above (with a
few small cream spots present or absent) ; ventral and concealed surfaces
BRA COMES UML Seto ee Scr meee = ae a eee moreletii (p. 71)
Fingers webbed one-half or less, toes two-thirds or less__---------------- 2
2. Fingers very slightly webbed; toes about one-third webbed; terminal toe
pads searcely wider than digits; green above, white or yellowish cream
below and on concealed surfaces; numerous discrete white spots low on
sides (occasionally on back); eyes not red; 107 mm__-_--- dacnicolor (p. 72)
Fingers about one-third, toes one-third webbed or slightly more; terminal
pads distinctly wider than digits; a series of dark (or green) quadrangular
marks low on side, separated by diagonal cream lines; eye red; body
green above, yellowish or white below; 55 mm_--_------- callidryas (p. 72)
AGALYCHNIS MORELETII (A. Duméril)
Hyla moreletii A. Domérm, Ann. Sci. Nat. Paris, ser. 3, zool., vol. 19, 1853, p. 169.
Agalychnis moreletii Corn, Nat. Hist. Rev., 1860, p. 110.—Taytor and SMITH,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 599-601, pl. 31.
Phyllomedusa moreletii Knuiuoce, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 142-148,
146-147, figs. 19a, 20a, b.
Hyla holochlora Sauvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1860 (1861), pp. 460-461, pl.
32, fig. 2 (Cobin, Guatemala; Brit. Mus. No. 641.26.142).
we BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Type —Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris No. 428 (parchment label 767).
Type locality —Coban, Verapaz, Guatemala.
Range.—Atlantic slopes from central Veracruz and Pacific slopes
from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec southward to Panama. Reported
in Mexico from Veracruz: Cuautlapan, north of Orizaba, Volcano of
Tuxtia, Cérdoba, Berta (near Coatzacoalcos); Chiapas: Finca Juarez;
Campeche: Tuxpefia Camp; Yucatdn: 6% miles south of Chichen Itz4;
Tabasco: 'Tepeaca; Oaxaca: Mirador (Hacienda near San Miguel).
AGALYCHNIS DACNICOLOR (Cope)
Phyllomedusa dacnicolor Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 16, 1864,
p. 181.—Kerttoce, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 142, 143-144.
Agalychnis dacnicolor Corn, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 6,
1866, p. 86.—Tayuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 40-42, pl. 2,
fig. 2, pl. 3, fig. 2 (tadpole).—Taytor and Smita, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 95, 1945, p. 599, pl. 28, fig. 1.
Type.—¥ormerly in U.S. National Museum; now lost (fide Kellogg).
Type locality —Near Colima, Colima, Mexico.
Range.—Pacific slopes from southern Sonora to the Isthmus of
Tehuantepec. Specimens examined or reported from Sonora: Alamos,
Guirocoba; Sinaloa: Mazatlan, Presidio (‘50 miles from Mazatlan’’),
San Francisquito, Rosario, San Blas; Michoacdn: Cicio; Nayarit:
Acaponeta, Santiago, Rosamorada, Tepic; Colima: Colima, 2 miles
from Colima, east of Lo de Villa, Paso del Rio, Queseria, Man-
zanillo, Tecoman, Villa Alvarez, Santiago; Guerrero: Acapulco,
Ometepec (200 feet altitude), near Garrapata, 1 mile north of Organos,
Rio Balsas, Kilometer 240 (north of Mexcala), Ocotillo, San Luis
Allende, Tierra Colorada; Morelos: Cuernavaca, near Huajintlan;
Oaxaca: Tehuantepec.
AGALYCHNIS CALLIDRYAS (Cope)
Hyla callidryas Corn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 14, 1862, p. 359.
Agalychnis callidryas Copr, Nat. Hist. Rev., 1865, p. 110.—Gar1en, Carnegie
Inst. Washington Publ. No. 457, 1936, p. 292.
Phyllomedusa helenae KetLoae (nec Cope), U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1982, pp.
142, 145.
Type. - Unknown.
?Type locality —Cérdoba, Veracruz, México.
Range-——Central Veracruz south to Guatemala. Reported or
examined from Veracruz: Tierra Colorada, Berta; Puebla: Tezuitlan;
Tabasco: La Venta, Santo Tomas; Yucatdén: Chichen Itza.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 73
Genus PLECTROHYLA Brocchi *!
Plectrohyla Broccut, Bull. Soc. Philom, Paris, ser. 7, vol. 1, 1877, p. 93.—Harr-
wee, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, No. 437, 1941, p. 1.
Cauphias Broccnt, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 1, 1877, p. 129 (type same
as for Plectrohyla).
Genotype.—Plectrohyla guatemalensis Brocchi.
Range.—Chiapas and Guatemala.
Species.—Five, of which two occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF PLECTROHYLA
1, Snout terminating in a sharp point, the canthus with a sharp edge; nostrils
not so far forward as lip; skin very pustular, rough, in males; toes
webbed to near terminal pads on third and fifth toes, leaving two joints
free on fourth; tympanum more or less visible; tarsal fold not a free
DADE BIZ AON — Sooo son old dos cee SI ae sagorum (p. 73)
Snout blunt, truncate, the region about nostrils swollen, elevated; nostrils
at extreme anterior part of snout, anterior to or as far forward as edge
of upper lip; tarsal fold forming a long free fiexible flap; toes webbed to
terminal disk except on fourth, which has distal joint nearly free; tym-
panum almost or completely hidden by thick pustulate skin; known
VASAT SIZE se OLIN 2 cman tee SS ke matudai (p. 73)
PLECTROHYLA MATUDAI Hartweg
Plectrohyla matudai Hartwee, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 4387,
1941, pp. 5-10.—-Taytor and Smita, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945,
pp. 596-597, fig. 60D, pl. 29.
Plectrohyla ‘Form a” Harrwese and Orton, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan,
No. 488, 1941, pp. 2-5, figs. 1-2.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28,
1942, pp. 39-40 (on tadpoles).
Type.—Univ. Michigan Mus. Zool. No. 88863.
Type locality—Mount Ovando, District of Soconusco, Chiapas,
Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality and vicinity.
PLECTROHYLA SAGORUM Hartweg
Plectrohyla sagorum Hartwea, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 437,
1941, pp. 2-5, pl. 1, figs. 1, 2, 3—Taytor and Smits, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus.,
vol. 95, 1945, pp. 597-598, fig. 60H, pl. 30.
Plectrohyla ‘Form 6” Hartwee and Orton, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan,
No. 438, 1941, pp. 5-6 (tadpoles).
Type.—Univ. Michigan Mus. Zool. No. 88862.
Type locality —Mount Ovando, District of Soconusco, Chiapas,
Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality and vicinity.
31 The name Boana Gray is apparently the earliest name for Central and South American frogs with a
rudimentary pollex. This antedates Hypsiboas, which has been used for the group. The name Plectrohyla
Brocchi is tentatively retained, since there seems to be a possible generic difference in the characters of the
spine on the pollex and the vomerine teeth between the northern forms and those in southern Central
America and South America, which are referable to Boana.
74 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Genus ACRODYTES Fitzinger
Acrodytes Firzincer, Systema reptilium, 1843, p. 30.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas
Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, pp. 62-63.
Scytopis Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 14, 1862, p. 355 (geno-
type Scytopis hebes Cope= Hyla venulosa Daudin).
Genotype.—Hyla venulosa Daudin=Rana venulosa Laurenti, 1768,
Synopsin reptilium, p. 31 (“Indiis’’).
Range.—Southern Tamaulipas and Sinaloa to Brazil.
Species.—Three Mexican and at least one and probably other extra-
limital species.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF ACRODYTES
1. Lacking a dorsal pattern of black blotches or dorsolateral stripes; large
pustules on back with or without a black tip; eye large, greater than its
distance to nostril; Chiapas; 70 mm_.___.__-__-__---_-- modesta (p. 74)
A dorsal pattern of a pair of indefinite dorsal stripes and blotches or of
blotches alone; eye less than or equal to its distance from nostril___-__-_ 2
2. Anterior blotches separated from posterior by a broad band of ground
color; venter immaculate; parotoids not strongly thickened; Guerrero;
OS hmm Biowls 5. oh So a ee Se inflata (p. 74)
A pair of broad, dark, irregular stripes on back, with a light lateral stripe
bordering them; parotoids thickened, making skin thick and leathery;
digital disks distinctly smaller than in the preceding; San Luis Potosi to
Chiapas. ] SU 2) SEs See OE ee ee eee spilomma (p. 75)
ACRODYTES MODESTA Taylor and Smith
Acrodytes modestus TayLoR and Smit, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp.
594-596, pl. 27, fig. 2, pl. 28, figs. 2, 3.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 115013.
Type locality.—Cruz de Piedra, near Acacoyagua, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Pacific drainage of Chiapas. Reported from Cruz de
Piedra, La Esperanza (near Escuintla), and Colonia Soconusco.
ACRODYTES INFLATA Taylor
Acrodytes inflatus TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, pp. 64-69, pl. 9.
Type.-—EHT-HMS No. 17890.
Type locality.—Near La Venta, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—The Pacific coast in Guerrero and possibly north to
Mazatlin, Sinaloa (it is possible that the following records of Hyla
venulosa may refer to this form: Sinaloa: Presidio [Boulenger]; Colima:
Colima [Oliver]; Nayarit: Santa Teresa [Kellogg]).
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 75
ACRODYTES SPILOMMA (Cope)
Hyla lichenosa GbntHER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the collection
of the British Museum, 1858, pp. 102-103, pl. 8, fig. C (part only: the cotypes
from “Veracruz,” “Cérdoba,” and “Mexico,” seven specimens, all in Brit.
Mus.; name restricted by Boulenger, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia
s. Ecaudata in the collection of the British Museum, 1882, p. 364, to the
other cotypes, from ‘South America,” “Amazons,” and “America” 22),
Hyla spilomma Corr, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., vol. 17, 1877, p. 86.—Taytor and
Smita, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, pp. 593-594, pl. 27, fig. 1.
Hyla nigropunctata Bou.EnGcer, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the
collection of the British Museum, ed. 2, 1882, p. 366 (cotypes, Brit. Mus.
Nos. 81.10.31.20, 59.9.20.2, Jalapa, Veracruz).
Hyla venulosa Keiuoae (nec Laurenti), U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 154—
155, 176-179, figs. 19c, 20d.
Type.—Lost. (Fide Kellogg.)
Type locality.—Cosomaloapam, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—From Tamaulipas to Chiapas and perhaps Central Amer-
ica. The species has been reported (as Hyla venulosa) from Tamauli-
pas: Tampico; San Luis Potosi: Rio Coy (near Pujal), Tamuzunchale;
Veracruz: San Juan de la Punta, Cuautlapan, Tezonapa, Misantla,
Jalapa, Veracruz, Cérdoba, Panuco, Cerro de Gallo, Tierra Colorada;
Campeche: Champotén, Tres Brazos, Becén; Chiapas: Cruz de Piedra
(near Acacoyagua); Tabasco: Frontera; Oaxaca: Tuxtepec; Yucatdn:
Chichen Itz.
Genus SMILISCA Cope
Smilisca Corn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1865, p. 194.
Genotype.—Smilisca daulinia Cope=Hyla baudinii Duméril and
Bibron.**
Range.—Southern Texas and Sonora to Honduras.
Species.—One, with an indefinite number of subspecies.
SMILISCA BAUDINIT BAUDINII (Duméril and Bibron)
Hyla baudiniti Dumérit and Brsron, Erpétoiogie générale, vol. 8, 1841, pp. 564-
565.—Keuioae, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 155, 160-163, figs. le,
19c, 20c.
32 Kellogg (loc. cit.) mentions and describes the Mexican types and indicates that these were the only ones,
following an ambiguity in Boulenger’s treatment, which (op. cit., p. 366) clearly designates the Mexican
specimens “types” of Giinther’s lichenosa. Boulenger obviously did not imply that these were the only
“types” (he did not select a single specimen as ‘“‘the’’ type), and in fact indicated that there were others by
quoting ‘‘Hyla lichenosa, part” in the synonymy of both Hyla venulosa and Hyla nigropunctata, and by allo-
cating Giinther’s name with venulosa while naming certain ones of the cotypes as nigropunctata, Unfor-
tunately he failed to designate clearly the types of lichenosa which he referred to venulosa, although some
may be listed. To avoid further ambiguity we hereby designate as lectotype the adult male from the
“Amazons,” which is listed by Giinther as a cotype (op. cit., p. 102) and may be specimen | listed by
Boulenger (op. cit., p. 365).
% Pecularities in the skull of this species, combined with the paired vocal sacs, cause us to consider this
form as a representative of a genus apart from Hyla.
76 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Smilisca baudinit Dickerson, The frog book, 1906, pp. 151-152, pl. 57, figs. 178—
183.
Hyla baudiniit baudinit SrrsinEGER and Barrovr, Checklist of North American
amphibians and reptiles, ed. 2, 1923, p. 29.
Hyla vanvlietii Batrp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p. 61
(Brownsville, Tex.; U.S.N.M. No. 3239, lost).
Smilisca daulinia Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1865, p. 65,
footnote (= Hyla baudinit).
H.(yla) muricolor Cops, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 14, 1862, p. 359
(Mirador, Veracruz; U.S.N.M. No. 25097).
Type.—Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris No. 401 (No. 4798).
Type locality.—Mexico.
Range.—Southern Texas and Sonora south along lowlands to Hon-
duras. Reported in Mexico from Distrito Federal and the states of
Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Nayarit,
Nuevo Leén, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosf,
Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, and Yucatan.
Genus HYLELLA Reinhardt and Liitken
Hylella RetnHARD? and LUrren, Vid. Medd. Nat. Foren. Kigbenhavn, 1861, pt.
1, 1862, p. 199.
Exerodonta Broccut, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 3, 1879, p. 20 (Exerodonta
sumichrasti Brocchi).
Genotype.—Hylella tenera (herewith designated).
Range.—Morelos and Oaxaca to Paraguay and Brazil.
Species.—Nine, two of which occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF HYLELLA
1. A vocal sac present; chin strongly granular; undersurface of arms with
irregular granules; pads on digit tips large___.__.__-------- azteca (p. 77)
Vocal sac absent; chin not or but very slightly granular; undersurface of
arm smooth; an elevation usually present on vomers (rarely with teeth);
digital pads smaller. =: oso ae eee ae eee sumichrasti (p. 76)
HYLELLA SUMICHRASTI (Brocchi)
Exerodonta sumichrasti Broccut, Bull. Soe. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 3, 1879, p. 20.
Hylella platycephala Corr, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 18, 1879, pp. 267-268
(Tapana [=Tapanatepec], Oaxaca, Mexico; U.S.N.M. No. 10037, five
cotypes).
Hylella sumichrasti BoULENGER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Ecaudata in the
collection of the British Museum, ed. 2, 1882, p. 366.—Kertuoce, U.S. Nat.
Mus. Bull. 160, 1982, pp. 180, 181-182.
Type.—Lost, presumably (fide Kellogg).
Type locality —Santa Efigenia, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Semi-arid Pacific slopes of Oaxaca at the Isthmus of
Tehuantepec. Known from Oazaca: Santa Efigenia, Japana (=Tapa-
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO ve
natepec), south of Chasumba, between Huamelula, Zapotitlin (1,900
feet elevation) and Llano Ocotol, Cerro Arenal, Tres Cruces, Lachi-
guiri, Portillo los Nanches (7 leagues northwest of Tehuantepec),
“Tehuantepec,’’ La Concepcién, Rio Grande, 12% miles north of
Niltepec (the report from Colima: Cualata, by Kellogg, is based on
a rather shriveled specimen which apparently belongs to another
species).
HYLELLA AZTECA Taylor
Hylella azteca Tayuor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 56, 1943, pp. 49-52.
Type —EHT-HMS No. 17525.
Type locality —Tepoztlan, Morelos, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality; probably occurs in adja-
cent Puebla.*4
Genus ACRIS Duméril and Bibron
Acris Dumf&r1u and Bisron, Erpétologie générale, vol. 8, 1841, p. 506.
Genotype —Rana gryllus LeConte.
Range.—Connecticut to Utah and south to the Gulf and to central
Coahuila.
Species.—Two, one in Mexico.
ACRIS CREPITANS Baird
Acris crepitans Bairp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p. 59.—
Duwn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 90, 1938, pp. 153-154.
Type.— None known.
Type locality —Northern States generally.
Range.—‘ Connecticut to the Canadian northwest, and to Georgia,
Louisiana and Texas; from sea level to 2000 ft.’ In Mexico, central
Coahuila (Musquiz).
Genus HYLA Laurenti
Hyla LAvRENTI, Synopsin reptilium, 1768, p. 32.
Hyliola Mocquarp, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ser. 4, vol. 1, 1899, p. 337
(Hyliola regilla Mocquard= Hyla regilla Baird and Girard).
Genotype.—Hyla viridis Laurenti.
Range.—World-wide, excluding Arctic and sub-Arctic regions,
and most of Africa.
Species.—Approximately 350, about 180 of these American, of
which 37 are Mexican.
34Sight record, specimen lost, Hobart M. Smith.
757435—48—_6
78 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF HYLA
1. A dark stripe (absent in cérdenasz) from tip of snout to eye, and from eye
diagonal to point on side of body, and usually bordered by light color
or stripe above or below or both; body usually green in life with or
without dark spots on back; terminal toe disks small with never more
than a vestige of web between fingers; apparently largely terrestrial
(euphorbiacea, an exception, is apparently largely arboreal).
eximia group... 2
No dark stripe from tip of snout to eye and from eye diagonally to a
point low on sides of body (sometimes indicated in phaeota, a large
speciesathe body, notwereen). 22s 4 aoe. See ee ee ee 8
2. Skin above strongly granular or pustulate; Baja California; 42 mm.
regilla (p. 82)
Skin jsmooth-or/minutely: corrugated: =~ 2 2 — 22-2 ee ee 3
3. Posterior and to a lesser extent anterior region of femur and groin with
blackish or brownish reticulation enclosing rounded or irregular yellow-
cream spots; Veracruz, Puebla, and Oaxaca; 37mm_ euphorbiacea (p. 82)
Posterior and anterior region of thigh with equally distributed pigmenta-
‘10, WitbOUL spots and reticulations=..- 222. sea ee eee 4
4. Tibiotarsal articulation to eye or a little beyond, but not to nostril______ 5
Tibiotarsal articulation (heel) to nostril or tip of snout; head less wide;
terrestrialsforms:-disks*smaller2— meee se le sen ee ee ee ee a
5. Diameter of eye greater than length of snout; eyelid width greater than
interorbital width; snout bluntly rounded; uniform green without
lateral marks on snout and behind eye; Puebla; 39 mm__ c&rdenasi (p. 83)
Diameter of eye distinctly less than length of snout____-_.._________-_- 6
6. Snout oval; a distinct light-edged dark band on head and side; eyelid less
than interorbital width; widespread on the Mexican plateau; 35 mm.
eximia (p. 83)
Snout blunt; head wider; tibiotarsal articulation to between eye and
nostril; head wide; eyelid 1% times interorbital distance; color olive-
gray and black, the lateral stripe dim on head and body, not light
edged; arboreal; digital disks rather large; Guerrero; 41 mm.
arboricola (p. 83)
7. Larger; green with well-defined, light-edged, dark stripe on side of head
and body; dark spots on dorsum edged with silvery white; front side
of tibia blackish bordered by a white line, continued on foot; Veracruz
to Morelos in high mountains; 50 mm_______________- lafrentzi (p. 84)
Somewhat smaller; with less distinct stripe on body; color green (rarely
olive, gray, or brown); dorsal spots not edged with light color; anterior
edge of tibia with brown spots; posterior edge of tibia without white
line: Chihvahuss-42 ina oe oe ee ee wrightorum (p. 84)
8. Entire side of head, and more or less the side of body, darker than, and
contrasting more or less with, dorsal coloration; lighter dorsal color
terminating at a point near nostril (never extending to lip); pigment
forming elaborate star-shaped flecks; whitish part of dorsal coloration
appears under lens as extremely minute, closely approximated circles;
occasionally (in specimens captured at night) no very strong differenti-
ation between the dorsal and lateral coloration, but under lens, pig-
ment seen to be in larger flecks on sides_____-_ loquax group____-___- 9
Side of head and body not darker than dorsal coloration, usually
lighter, with or without light spots or dark spots or both____----- 16
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO
ov emura(thigh) vimmacilates is! ooo wo Be Oren EE atid Pe
Femur with at least some pigment____._..._._________.-__-______-_-
10. Dorsum whitish with a triangular brown spot on occiput, connected
or not with another blotch or blotches on back; stripe on side of
head and from eye more or less continued to groin; distal subarticular
tubercle of fourth finger double; fingers one-half or more webbed; vo-
merine teeth present; 27 mm__....___.-__.-__-=__. ebraccata (p.
No triangular dark spot on head or back; a pair of brown lines often
visible on anterior one-half or two-thirds of back; limbs frequently
barred with darker; toes one-third (or slightly less) webbed; the
dark stripe from tip of snout to groin, bordered above with a lighter
BULIPe Or MOU; Zo mee Hose Ee oe es Cee robertmertensi (p.
11. Dark pigment confined to dorsal side of femur; vomerine teeth present_
Pigment on dorsal and posterior parts of femur appearing as a sparse
Deppernge sth ee ea AE Ee eee
12. A larger species, with a conspicuous axillary web; posterior surface
of thigh red or orange (which fades, leaving no trace); fingers much
more than one-half webbed; distal tubercle of fourth finger single;
an indistinct tarsal fold; a vocal sac in males; no canthus rostralis;
ADIT: epee ee pa i TS Kok os Perey Seine loquax (p.
Smaller species with an irregular dark brown or vinaceous pattern
on back; sometimes the shoulder spot has an X-shape; fingers one-
fourth or less webbed; pigment on femur may extend length of dorsal
surface of femur or only part way across_________-- underwoodi (p.
13. A conspicuous axillary web; hand half or more webbed; outer tubercle
of fourth finger single; uniform or indefinitely spotted above; no
distinct tarsal fold; canthus distinct; vomerine teeth invariably
present; tympanum wider than its distance from eye; vocal sac
INieMalewe oo. TNMs eee oe Se eee eee rickardsi (p.
Axillary web. Sught, OF absent ie c= ashe pei yore eos ae.
14. Hand with only slight vestige of web; vomerine teeth variable or
OSE TUM see eeereer eee ee See a 3 eres che eae ee ee
Hand half or more webbed; no vocal sac in male; tympanum nar-
rower than its distance from eye, less than half diameter of eye; heel
to between eye and nostril; ventral surface of tarsus and posterior
surface of femur pigmented; 43.5 mm_____..______- rozellae (p.
15. A broad dorsolateral pinkish-white stripe from eye to near groin;
vomerine teeth absent (rarely present but if so, small, inconspicuous) ;
tympanum a little more than one-third eye; canthus angular; heel
to between eye and tip of snout; 25 mm_______________-_ picta (p.
No broad dorsolateral stripe; sometimes a very narrow line without
pigment between dorsal and lateral coloration; vomerine teeth
usually present in adults, often absent in young; tympanum about
one-half of eye; canthus absent; heel to anterior part of eye; 30
TUT ee ee SEL PS Oe ae eh ee ore ace ea ao Samat Bal smithi (p.
16. Skin leathery, thickly covered with a glandular layer (parotoid?), not
confined on back; under lens very numerous, minute, oily-yellow
(somewhat whitish) points visible in skin; no web or only a vestige
between fingers; a heavy supratympanic fold; nuptial callosities of
first finger of males covered with black, horny spines (also present on
second and third fingers); anal flap usually elongate, bringing anus to
near lower level of femora; medium large to large (crassa has not been
examined, but very probably all these characters obtain in that
© TeTA een ae als ae ee A le yey eal Ss bistincta group-_-_-__-
wo
10
11
84)
84)
12
13
84)
85)
85)
14
15
86)
85)
85)
80
ie
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24,
25.
26.
BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Skin not thick and leathery; a few larger forms but mostly small arboreal
(some bromeliad) species, the chief exception being the medium-sized
arenicolor, which is largely a rock-loving form rather than arboreal.
The lot contains representatives of several ‘‘groups”’
Tympanum concealed; canthus absent or rounded_________________-_
Tympanum visible, the upper edge concealed under the thick supra-
tympanic fold; canthus rostralis distinet___._............_..._.____-
Toes fully or almost fully webbed to disks____..._...._........______--
Toes three-fourths webbed; spinules of nuptial callosities larger than in
other species of this group; some white flecks in anal and posterior
femoral -regions,.49: mmbs.4 — cies st dee Set pachyderma (p.
A vocal sac present in males; no outer metatarsal tubercle; no dorsolateral
fold; 55 mm. (nuptial spines present?)__.___________ crassa (p.
Vocal sac absent; a thick dorsolateral fold to middle of body; an outer
metatarsal tubercle; 55 mm__.-.--__.-..____ - robustofemora (p.
Sides with brown reticulation enclosing round white or cream spots;
venter yellow, unpigmented; skin generally smooth; tympanum about
one-third eye; toes about one-half webbed; 65 mm__ bistincta (p.
Sides without reticulations or round light spots; venter cloudy, gray or
gray black; toes two-thirds to three-quarters webbed; tympanum
about one-half eye diameter; 50 mm____________ robertsorum (p.
Tympanum hidden; legs distinctly barred; no outer metatarsal tubercle_
Tympanum more or less distinct; if covered with skin its outline dis-
cernible; outer metatarsal tubercle present___..._..._._.._..________-
Snout truncate; choanae very large, four or more times size of vomerine
tooth group; no pollex rudiment; eyelid narrower than interorbital
distance; subarticular tubercles of feet all single; anal region dark
with light spot above; dark spots on back: skin minutely corrugated;
heeluttostiproL snout; 24: mmo 225 2 ee ee pinorum (p.
Choanae small; an indistinct pollex rudiment; eyelid equals interorbital
distance; some subarticular tubercles of feet double; one very large dark
area from head to rump narrowed on neck; anal region light; 25
RAAT pote} saeetr ied orth cae oe hye “Ae Lie. Sea leonard-schultzei (p.
Tympanum large, its diameter equal to distinctly more than half the
diameter'of eyessuet 3h. 6s4 02 a te See Be ay ete
Tympanum small, diameter one-half (or less) of eye____._._.._._______-
Posterior part of thigh strongly reticulated in brown and yellow; tym-
panum light; a strong fold from eye along sides; mere vestige of web
between fingers; tarsal fold present; very elongate inner metatarsal
tubercle present; heel to eye; 48 mm_____________-_ beltrani (p.
- Posterior part of thigh brown or black-brown enclosing very small, lighter,
p g ’ 91S
rounded spots; a narrow white line on upper lip; moderately distinct
tarsal fold; fingers one-fourth or less webbed; heel to tip of snout; 65
MOTIVES ES EE SRLS Te Ac Saleen phaeota (p.
Width of eyelid distinctly greater than interorbital distance; an inverted
V-shaped fold about anal opening; tympanum smail, less than one-third
eye; tarsal fold represented by a few flat unconnected tubercles;
canthus sharp; heel to eye; foot three-fourths webbed; fingers with a
distinct vestige of web (one-fifth or less)__._.________ forbesi (p.
Width of an eyelid less than interorbital distance.______.__-_2--____-_
No trace of web between outer fingers___...____________-__-_-___-
Outer finger one-fifth to one-half webbed (or a little more)___________-_
21
18
20
19
86)
86)
86)
87)
87)
22
23
87)
87)
24
25
87)
88)
oe lg leah iy, iN na alae
27
28
29.
él.
32.
33.
34,
35.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO
- No trace of a tarsal fold, or a ridge, or row of tubercles under forearm;
no canthus; tympanum nearly one-half eye diameter; heel to eye; vocal
Bac Mpresent;! SO mmsske) oie aul sue hori staufferi (p.
OUR Sa LOL Matera MRE See aos Sree eae aaledd2
- No supernumerary tubercles on foot; vomerine teeth at anterior level of
choanae; heel to between eye and tip of snout; canthus angular;
tongue\*one-third* free; 37 -mm_ ==. 2... 2-2 Se _ Se plicata (p
Some supernumerary tubercles on foot; vomerine teeth at posterior level
of choanae; skin strongly pustular; canthus absent; tongue one-fourth
free behind; toes about half webbed; 45 mm________ arenicolor (p
No trace of tarsal fold; no, or only an indistinct trace of a row of tubercles
(or fold) under forearm; eye red in life; heel to a point between eye
and nostril; lip with a narrow cream line or elongate white spots;
tympanum one-third or less diameter of eye; 26mm__ erythromma (p
AV AIS INChMtATsalRnOld= sie eee eek ain oven he adie Sees.
. Very light colored pigment in delicate scattered flecks, not starshaped;
bodies flattened; tympani directed rather upward; row of tubercles
under forearm more or less distinct (bromeliad frogs)___._________-
Darker, heavier pigmentation; brownish, gray, olive, or green, with or
withoutwdorsaly dark. spetshe so 31 nese Tite! bo Srey ob ee ee
Heel to eye; toes two-thirds or more webbed; tympanum about one-half
eye; fingers one-third webbed; eyelid two-thirds of interorbital width;
neadvasswideras body > s0rmme 922 eee eee eee melanomma (p.
Heel to point between eye and nostril; toes about four-fifths webbed;
fingers one-half webbed; tympanum slightly more than one-third eye;
iheadmpbroader tnans body; sommes 5222s dendroscarta (p.
Legs and arms distinctly barred; head wider than body_-_---.-------
Legs not barred with darker color; olive or green in life.____.________--
Heel to middle of eye; finger disks nearly as large as tympanum; tym-
panum equal to or slightly more than half of eye; a tarsal fold; canthus
rostralis rounded; chin spotted; no dorsal spots; (? no vocal sac); 30
ETT eee ee a Mens OP YI cP ES 2 eR SP a, A eee taeniopus (p.
No vocal sac; sharp distinct tarsal fold; snout very truncate; canthus
distinct; skin relatively smooth, but minutely corrugated; heel to a
point in front of eye; finger disks distinctly larger than tympanum;
tympanum distinctly less than half eye; distinct dorsal spots; chin
SPOGtEC ar oO tn TUE eee Okra ate aee TE eer eee bromeliana (p.
Anal flap elongated; the opening near level of under surface of femur;
white stripe above anus; two conspicuous white-topped tubercles, on
each side of lower part of anus; row of distinct white tubercles under
forearm; a strong tarsal fold, thickest posteriorly; few light flecks on
sides; a white line or series of white flecks on posterior edge of tarsus,
SENET Amerie ae ca foe a ae Eore hes ere an hazelae (p.
Anal flap short; opening near middle or upper level of femora_---------
Enlarged tubercles at lower level of anus; teeth brownish; more or less of
a skinfold in groin; choanae circular; vomerine teeth small; anal tuber-
cles white; a white transverse stripe above anus; deep green to yellow
green in life; bromeliad frog; 24 mm-_-__---------- smaragdina (p.
No conspicuously enlarged tubercles in anal region. -------------------
81
88)
28
. 88)
. 89)
. 89)
30
o2
89)
89)
33
34
89)
90)
90)
35
90)
82 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
36. Tongue not free behind, not distinctly notched; teeth brownish tipped;
heel to between eye and nostril; usually green body color bordered
by white; a curved white line above black area of the anus; anal
tubercles numerous; very considerable sexual dimorphism in size;
canthus rounded; male with black horny nuptial spines on first finger
only; tympanum about one-fourth to one-third diameter of eye; female
45.mm.; male S5.mm = .- 8 hoo oe ee miotympanum (p. 90)
Tongue free for about one-fourth length, distinctly notched; teeth not
brown tipped; heel to eye; black nuptial spines on first finger only; back
of head marked by a lateral depression on each side; female much
larger than male; olive-gray or gray-brown; female 46 mm.; male
Oo TOT aS be cy ne al ag pe tae aS eee arborescandens (p. 91)
HYLA REGILLA Baird and Girard
Hyla regilla Batrp and Girarp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6, 1852,
p. 174.
?Hyla curta Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 18, 1866, pp. 313-314
(Cape San Lucas, Baja California).
Hyla regilla laticeps Corr, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 34, 1889, pp. 356, 359-360
(Cape San Lucas, Baja California; U.S.N.M. No. 5308, eight cotypes).
Hyliola regilla Mocquarp, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ser. 4, vol. 1,
1899, pp. 338, 339-341.
Type.—Unknown.
Type locality —‘Sacramento River in Oregon and Puget Sound,”
United States.
Range.—British Columbia through Baja California. Reported from
the following localities in Baja California: Cape San Lucas, “Lapaz,”
San Francisquito, Sierra Laguna, San Rafael Valley, San Pedro
Martir Mountains, Rancho Santo Domingo, San Ignacio, Miraflores,
San José del Cabo, Ensenada, Aguaito Springs, Cedros Island, La
Grulla, Tecati (other numerous localities listed by Linsdale, Univ.
California Publ. Zool., vol. 38, 1932, p. 353).
HYLA EUPHORBIACEA Giinther
Hyla euphorbiacea GiintuER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the collection
of the British Museum, 1858 (1859), pp. 109-110, pl. 10, fig. ec —Taytor,
Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 427-430.
Type.—(Cotypes) Brit. Mus. Nos. 1930.4.10.2; 57.10.28.51;
58.11.22.5; 1858.6.15.4-8 (four specimens and a skeleton, originally).
Type locality—Cérdoba, Veracruz; Cordilleras (of Mexico) and
Mexico.
Range.—Central western Veracruz to Oaxaca. Specimens examined
or reported from Veracruz: above Acultzingo, ? Cérdoba; Puebla:
8 miles northeast Tehuac4n, Pajaro Verde (near Acultzingo); Oaxaca:
near Oaxaca.
ee ee
sie $F eee Wes Cais nt
Ee
a ae
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 83
HYLA CARDENASI Taylor
Hyla cérdenasi Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 430-432,
pl» 47, fig. 2.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 84403.
Type locality —Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
Range.—Central and western Puebla. A single young specimen has
been reported from near Rio Frio, México.
HYLA EXIMIA Baird
Hyla eximia Bairv, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p. 61.—
Kewuoee, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 153, 164-168 (part).—TaytLor,
Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 422-426, pl. 46, figs. 1-10,
pl. 47, figs. 3-5.
Hyla gracilipes Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1865, p. 194
(Mirador, Veracruz; U.S.N.M. Nos. 15318-15321, four cotypes).—KELLoGa,
U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 153-154, 168-170 (part).
Type.—(Cotypes) U.S.N.M. No. 3248 (2 specimens).
Type locality —‘‘Valley of México,” Mexico.
Range.—Central and southern portions of the main Mexican plateau,
southward from Durango and Zacatecas. Recorded from Puebla:
3 kilometers northeast of Cholula, Los Reyes, Puebla, Santa Catalina,
6 kilometers east of Amozoc, Tepeaca; Hidalgo: El Chico, Guerrero,
Hacienda de Velasco, Mizquiahuala; Distrito Federal: México (city),
San Juanico, Tlalpam, Tacubaya, Atzacualco; Morelos: Cuernavaca;
? Veracruz: Orizaba; Jalisco: Tlaquepaque, Jamay, Magdalena,
Ocotlan, Tonalé, Agua Azul, Guadalajara; Michoacdn: Tupataro,
Uruapan, Hacienda El Sabino, Patzcuaro, Sahuayo; Nayarit: Santa
Teresa, Tepic; Guanajuato: Celaya, AcAmbaro, Silao, Guanajuato;
México: Toluca, Chalco, Lerma, Rancho Guadelupe (42 kilometers
northwest of Toluca), 3 kilometers south of Hacienda San Martin
(near ZitAacuaro), San Juan Teotihuacan, Villa Victoria (20 kilometers
west); Aguascalientes: 13-15 kilometers east of Aguascalientes ;
Zacatecas: La Colorada; Durango: Coyotes, Ciudad, El Salto, between
Pueblo Nuevo and Metate; ? San Luis Potosi: Mountains of Alvarez,
Ebano.
HYLA ARBORICOLA Taylor
Hyla arboricola Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 27, 1941, pp. 118-119,
pled, fig. a:
Type-—KHT-HMS No. 24556.
Type locality.—6 miles east of Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from central Guerrero. Specimens have been
examined from 2 miles north of Mazatlén and from Tixtla Lake (east
of Chilpancingo).
84 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
HYLA LAFRENTZI Mertens and Wolterstorff
Hyla lafrentzi Mertens and Wo.uterstorrr, Zool. Anz., vol. 84, 1929, pp.
235-241.—Tay.tor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp. 483-436,
pl. 48, figs. 1-2.
Type.—Magdeburg Mus. No. 49/27.
Type locality.—Desierto de los Leones, 3,000 meters elev., Distrito
Federal, Mexico.
Range.—Southern tip of the central Mexican plateau. Reported
from Morelos: Zempoala Lakes; Hidalgo: Guerrero; El Chico National
Park; Puebla: near Rio Frio, México (but in Puebla); Mézico: Llano
Grande (5 miles west of Rio Frio); Veracruz: Las Vigas; Distrito Fed-
eral: Desierto de los Leones; Tlaxcala: 13 km. northeast of Tlaxcala.
HYLA WRIGHTORUM Taylor
Hyla wrightorum Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp.
436-4389, pl. 47, fig. 1.
Type.—Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool. No. 79141.
Type locality.—Eleven miles south of Springerville, Apache County,
Ariz.
Range.—Chihuahua, Arizona, and probably Sonora. Reported
from Meadow Valley, Chihuahua.
HYLA EBRACCATA Cope
Hyla ebraccata Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 26, 1874, p. 69.—
TAYLOR and Smit, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, p. 587, fig. 60H.
Hyla leucophyllata Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, p. 30 (nec
Hyla leucophyllata Bereis).
Type.—In Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia?.
Type locality Nicaragua.
Range.—Central America and undoubtedly Chiapas. (Found at
Piedras Negras, Guatemala, on the Guatemala-Chiapas boundary.)
HYLA ROBERTMERTENSI Taylor
Hyla robertmertensi Taytor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 50, 1937, pp.
43-45, pl. 2, figs. 3-7.
Type.—KHT-HMS No. 2270.
Type locality — Near Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Chiapas southward into Central America. Known from
Tonal4, Asuncién, La Esperanza (near Hscuintla), Cruz de Piedra
(near Acacoyagua) in Chiapas.
HYLA LOQUAX Gaige and Stuart
Hyla logquaz Gaicn and Sruart, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 281,
1934, pp. 1-38.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 85
Type.—Univ. Michigan Mus. Zool. No. 75446.
Type locality.—Ixpue Aguada, north of La Libertad, El Petén,
Guatemala.
Range.—Northern Guatemala and Campeche. Reported from
Campeche: Tres Brazos and Encarnacién; Guatemala: Piedras Negras
(near the Chiapas border).
H¥YLA UNDERWOODI Boulenger
Hyla microcephala BouLENGER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1898, p. 481, pl. 39, fig.
3 (non Cope, 1886).
Hyla underwoodi Boutencer, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 3, 1899, p. 277.
Hyla phlebodes Keiuoae, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 155, 172-173.
Type.—In British Museum.
Type locality.— Bebedero, Costa Rica.
Range.—Costa Rica north to central Veracruz and central Guerrero.
Specimens examined or reported from Guerrero: El Treinta; Chiapas:
Palenque; Veracruz: Potrero Viejo; Yucatdén: Chichen Itz4; Campeche:
Tres Brazos, Encarnacién, and Balchacaj.
HYLA RICKARDSI Taylor 3
Hyla rickardst Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1988 (1939), pp. 385-
388, pl. 41, figs. 1-8.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 5947.
Type locality.— Near Potrero Viejo, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Central western Veracruz. Reported from near Encero,
Palma Sola, and Potrero Viejo in Veracruz.
HYLA PICTA Giinther *
Hylella picta GintuErR, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1901, pp. 286-287, pl. 73, fig. e—Kzertioae, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160,
1932, pp. 180-181.
Type.—Brit. Mus. No. 1901.12.19, 100.
Type locality —Jalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Eastern San Luis Potosi south to Tabasco. Reported or
known from Veracruz: Cuautlapan, Orizaba, Jalapa, 2 miles west of
Veracruz, Tlalpam, Potrero Viejo, Tierra Colorada; San Luis Potosi:
Valles; Tabasco: Frontera.
HYLA SMITHI Boulenger
Hyla nana Ginruer, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1901, pp. 263-264, pl. 73, fig. A (nec Hyla nana Boulenger 1899; Cuernavaca,
Morelos; Brit. Mus. No. 1901.12.19.76-82).
35 There is a possibility that this is a synonym of Hyla godmani Giinther; see Hyla miotympanum.
86 This small species formerly associated with Hylella is, we believe, a small toothless Hyla, closely re-
lated to underwoodi, ebraccata, and robertmertensi.
86 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Hyla smithi BouLENGER, Zool. Rec., vol. 38, 1902, Rept. Batr., p. 33.—Taytor,
Trans. Kans Acad. Sci., vol. 39, 1936 (1937), pp. 357-359, pl. 2, figs. 1-5.—
OuivER, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan No. 360, 1937, p. 6, pl. 1.
Type. —Brit. Mus. No. 1901.12.19.76-82.
Type locality—Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
FRange.—Pacific coast from Sinaloa to Guerrero and Morelos.
Specimens examined or reported from Nayarit: Tepic; Colima: Que-
seria, Tecoman, Paso del Rio, Rio Armeria; Morelos: Puente de Ixtla,
Huajintlin, Cuernavaca; Sinaloa: 2 miles east of Mazatlan; Guer-
rero: Agua del Obispo, Garrapata, Tierra Colorada, Xochitempa
(near Chilapa), Mazatlan; Michoacdén: Apatzingén, Hacienda El
Sabino.
HYLA ROZELLAE Taylor
Hyla rozellae Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 78-79, pl. 9,
figs. 1, la—1c.
Type.-—U.S.N.M. No. 115039.
Type locality —Salto de Agua, Mount Ovando, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality and vicinity. Re-
ported from Finca Judrez, Las Nubes, and Salto de Agua in Chiapas.
HYLA CRASSA (Brocchi)
Cauphias crassus Broccui, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 1, 1877, p. 130;
Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l’Amérique centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2,
livr. 2, 1882, p. 64, pl. 12, fig. 4——Kertioae, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160,
1932, pp. 118-120 (part).
Hyla crassa BouLENGER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the collection
of the British Museum, ed. 2, 1882, p. 396.
Type.—Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris No. 509 B (6331).
Type locality —Mexico.
Range.—Unknown.
HYLA ROBUSTOFEMORA Taylor?”
Hyla robustofemora Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp.
389-398, figs. 3, 4.
Type—EKHT-HMS No. 16314.
Type locality—Cerro San Felipe, about 10 miles northeast of
Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico, 7,000-8,000 feet elevation.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
HYLA PACHYDERMA Taylor
Hyla pachyderma Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 308-310,
pl. 27, figs. 1-3.—Taytor and Smitn, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945,
p. 588, pl. 25.
37 This form is not Plectrohyla crassa Brocchi, as has been suggested by Stuart. Among other differences
a vocal sac is present in crassa, absent in robustofemora.
i
!
|
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 87
Type— U.S. N. M. No. 115029.
Type locality—Pan de Olla, south of Tezuitlan, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
HYLA BISTINCTA Cope
Hyla bistincta Copz, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 17, July 20, 1877, p. 87.—
Kertioee, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 151, 163-164.—Taytor,
Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 50, 1937, pp. 50-54, pl. 3, figs. 1, 2.
Type. —U.S. N. M. No. 32361.
Type locality —‘‘ Most probably Veracruz, Mexico.”
Range.—The southern edge of the Mexican plateau. Specimens
examined or reported from Veracruz: Near Lake San Bernardino,
above Acultzingo; Puebla: P&jaro Verde (near Acultzingo, Vera-
cruz); Morelos: near Cuernavaca; México: 12 miles west of Villa
Victoria; Michoacén: Uruapan; Oazraca: Cerro San Felipe; Hidalgo:
Zacualtipaén.
HYLA ROBERTSORUM Taylor
Hyla robertsorum Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp.
393-396, figs. 5-6; Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, p. 310, pl. 27, fig. 4.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 16264.
Type locality —El1 Chico Parque Nacional, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Range.—Hidalgo. Known from the type locality and near Zacual-
tipin, Hidalgo.
HYLA PINORUM Taylor
Hyla pinorum Tayuor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 50, 1937, pp. 46-48,
pls2, tis. 2.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 5972.
Type locality—Agua del Obispo (Kilometers 350-351, México-
Acapulco highway), Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
HYLA LEONARD-SCHULTZEI Ahl
Hyla leonard-schulizei Aut, Zool. Anz., vol. 106, 1934, pp. 185-186.
Type.—Zool. Mus. Univ. Berlin.
Type locality —Malinaltepec, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
HYLA BELTRANI Taylor
Hyla beltrani Tayior, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 306-308, pl. 26,
figs. 5-8.
Type -—EHT-HMS No. 29563.
Type locality —Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
88 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
HYLA PHAEOTA Cope
Hyla phaeota Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 14, 1862, pp. 358-359.—
Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 80-81, pl. 8, figs. 1,
la—lc.—TayY or and Smits, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945, p. 589,
p. 26.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 4347.
Type locality —Turbo, Colombia.
Range.—Guatemala and undoubtedly Chiapas, south to Colombia
(found at Piedras Negras, Guatemala, virtually on the Chiapas-
Guatemala border).
\
HYLA FORBESI Taylor
Hyla forbest Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 19389 (1940), pp. 513-515,
pl. 58, figs. 1, la, 1b.
Type — EKHT-HMS No. 22276.
Type locality —3 miles southwest of Acultzingo, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.— Known only from the type locality.
HYLA STAUFFERI Cope
Hyla staufferi Copr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1865, p. 195.—
Keuioece, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 152, 173-174.
Hyla culex Gaien, Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. No. 457, 1936, p. 293.
Type.—U.S.N.M. 15317.
Type locality—Orizaba, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz, Oaxaca, Guerrero,
and Chiapas to Central America. Specimens have been examined or
reported as follows: Veracruz: Tierra Colorada, 4 miles east of
Encero, near Potrero, Orizaba, Motzorongo, Potrero Viejo, San Juan
de la Punta, Cuautlapan, Palma Sola, Presidio; San Luis Potost:
Tamazunchale, Valles; Tamaulipas: near Ciudad Juarez; Chiapas:
Tonalé, Asunciédn, San Ricardo, Palenque, Cruz de Piedra (near
Acacoyagua) ; Guerrero: 1 mile north of Organos; Tabasco: Tenosique;
Oaxaca: Tehuantepec, Tapana; ? Jalisco: Guadalajara (very doubt-
ful) ; Campeche: Tuxpefia Camp, Champotén, Encarnacién, Balchacaj.
HYLA PLICATA Brocchi
Hyla plicata Broccut, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 1, 1877, pp. 126-127;
Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans ]’Amérique centrale, pt. 3, sect. 2,
livr. 1, 1881, pp. 35-36, pl. 12, fig. 1—Kzertuioae, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160,
1932, pp. 151-152, 173.
Type.—Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris No. 380a (No. 6317).
Type locality —M exico.
Range.—Unknown.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 89
HYLA ARENICOLOR Cope
Hyla affinis Barrp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p. 61 (pre-
occupied by Hyla affinis Spix 1824).
Hyla arenicolor Corn, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 6, 1866,
p. 84 (substitute for the preceding)—Kernuoaa, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull.
160, 1932, pp. 152-153, 156-159.
Hyla copii BoutenceEr, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 20, 1887, p. 53 (El Paso,
Tex.; Brit. Mus.).
Hyliola digueti Mocquarp, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 9, vol. 1, 1899, pp. 165-
166, pl. 1, fig. 4 (territory Tepic [= Nayarit], Mexico; Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris).
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 11410, four cotypes.
Type locality —Northern Sonora, Mexico.
Range.—Northern Baja California to southern Texas and south to
Guerrero. Reported in Mexico from Distrito Federal, and the states
of Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato,
Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacén, Morelos, Nayarit,
San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Zacatecas.
HYLA ERYTHROMMA Taylor
Hyla eryihromma Tayuor, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 50, 1937, pp. 48-50,
pl. 2, fig. 1; Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp. 511-512.
Type-—EKHT-HMS No. 5976.
Type locality—Agua del Obispo (Kilometers 350-351), Mexico-
Acapulco highway), Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
HYLA MELANOMMA Taylor
Hyla melanomma Tayuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp.
508-510, pl. 57, figs. 1, la, 1b.
Type —EHT-HMS No. 21578.
Type locality.—7 miles east of Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
HYLA DENDROSCARTA Taylor
Hyla dendroscarta Tayor, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 89, 1940, pp. 45-47, pls. 2-3.
Type—U.S.N.M. No. 108679.
Type locality —Cuautlapan, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
HYLA TAENIOPUS Giinther
Hyla taeniopus Ginruer, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1901, pp. 269-270, pl. 72, fig. i—Kerxioce, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932,
pp. 156, 175-176.
90 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Type.—(Cotypes) Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nos. 1901.12.19.86 and
1901.12.19.87.
Type locality Jalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.*
HYLA BROMELIANA Taylor *
Hyla bromeliana Taytor, Copeia, July 12, 1939, pp. 98-100, fig. 1.
Type.-—KHT-HMS No. 16630.
Type locality — Near Tianguistengo, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
HYLA HAZELAE Taylor
Hyla hazelae Tayitor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp. 385-389,
figs: 1.2:
Type-—EKHT-HMS No. 16263.
Type locality—Cerro San Felipe, 10 miles northeast of Oaxaca,
Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Known from the type locality only.
HYLA SMARAGDINA Taylor
Hyla smaragdina Taytor, Copeia, Mar. 30, 1940, pp. 18-20, fig. 1.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 17534.
Type locality—Mountains at eastern end of Lake Chapala, 6
kilometers east of Cojumatlan, Michoacan, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from type locality.
HYLA MIOTYMPANUM Cope
Hyla miotympanum Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 15, 1863,
p. 47.—Ketioae, U. §. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 155-156, 170-172,
fig. 19d.
Hyla microtis Perers, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1869, pp. 880-881 (probably
Matamoros, Puebla; Berl. Mus. No. 6657, two cotypes).
Hyla godmani GintuErR, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1901, pp. 275-276, pl. 72, fig. e (Misantla and Jalapa, Veracruz; Brit. Mus.
Nos. 1901.12.19.88—96).*°
Type—Cotypes, U.S.N.M. No. 6311 (now lost).
Type locality —Near Jalapa and Mirador, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range.—Central Nuevo Leén to Oaxaca and (?) Chiapas. Vera-
38 A specimen reported from Morelos, Guatemala, by Atkinson, Ohio Nat., vol. 7, 1907, p. 152, doubtlessly
belongs to another species.
89 There is a possibility that this species is the same as Hyla taeniopus Cope. Dunn, however, who ex-
amined the types of that species, reported that he did not believe they were Hyla beudinii but that it was
difficult to decide. Since Hyla bromeliana shows not the slightest resemblance to Ayla baudinii, the proba-
bility of its synonymy with taeniopus is remote.
40 Except for the testimony of E. R. Dunn and R. Kellogg (U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 170-171),
we would regard H. godmani as a good species with H. rickardsi a synonym.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 91
cruz: Near Jalapa, Banderilla, Orizaba, San Andrés (8,000 feet),
Mirador ? Veracruz, Misantla, Fortin, Cuautlapan, Potrero, Jico,
Orizaba, Acultzingo; ? Guerrero: Malinaltepec (Ahl); Hidalgo: Zacu-
altipan, Tianguistengo; Nuevo Ledén: Pablillo, 20 miles south of
Monterrey; San Luis Potosi: Tamazunchale, Valles; Puebla: Pajaro
Verde near Acultzingo, Necaxa, San Diego (near Tehuacan); Oaxaca:
Tehuantepec, Cerro San Felipe; Chiapas (no locality given).
HYLA ARBORESCANDENS Taylor
Hyla arborescandens Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939), pp.
388-391, text fig. 1; Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), p. 511.
_ Type—EHT-HMS No. 3135.
Type locality——Three miles southwest of Acultzingo, Veracruz,
Mexico.
Range.—Tlaxcala and central Veracruz to central Oaxaca. Re-
ported from Tlaxcala: Apizaco; Veracruz: above Acultzingo, Pan de
Olla (near Tezuitlan); Puebla: Pajaro Verde (near Acultzingo,
Veracruz); Oaxaca: Cerro San Felipe.
Genus PTYCHOHYLA Taylor
Piychohyla Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, p. 41.
Genotype-—Ptychohyla adipoventris Taylor.
Range.—Guerrero.
Species.—One.
PTYCHOHYLA ADIPOVENTRIS Taylor
Ptychohyla adipoventris Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 30, 1944, pp. 41-45.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 21592.
Type locality Agua del Obispo, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
Suborder DIPLASIOCOELA Nicholls
Diplasiocoela NicHouts, Proc. Linn. Soe. London, vol. 128, 1915-1916 (1916),
Deion.
KEY TO MEXICAN FAMILIES OF DIPLASIOCOELA
1. Head very narrow; mouth small; no vomerine teeth; a transverse skin
fold on head, behind eyes; tympanum indistinct or invisible.
Microhylidae (p. 91)
Head not narrowed; mouth large; vomerine teeth present; no transverse
foldion, head; tympanum distinet_.....2----2-4--- 2-22 Ranidae (p. 96)
Family MICROHYLIDAE Parker
Microhylidae ParKxer, Monograph of the frogs of the family Microhylidae, 1934,
pp. 9, 19.
92 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Subfamily MICROHYLINAE Noble
Microhylinae Noss, The biology of the Amphibia, 1931, p. 537.
KEY TO MEXICAN GENERA OF MICROHYLINAE
1. Toes united by at least a vestigial web; precoracoids present; fingers free,
not dilated atitipszece: eas ate SW ee ee ae ee Hypopachus (p. 94)
Toes free without or with but a trace of a vestigial web at base; finger
tips swollen or widened perceptibly; no precoracoids; coracoids united
bya simple ‘cartilageias Bessa kA Soe eA APE Microhyla (p. 92)
Genus MICROHYLA Tschudi
Microhyla Tscuup1, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuch&tel, vol. 2, 1838 (1839), pp. 28,
71.—ParxeER, Monograph of the frogs of the family Microhylidae, 1934,
pp. 123-151.
Gastrophryne FiTzINGER, Systema reptilium, 1843, p. 33 (genotype Hngystoma
rugosum Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril= Engysioma cardinense Holbrook).
Genotype.—“‘Hylaplesia achatina’”’ Boie, nomen nudum (= Microhyla
achatina Tschudi.)
Range.—Southwestern Asia, Malayan Islands, and the southeastern
quarter of the United States south to Brazil.
Species.—About 13 forms in the Americas, and 15 Old World forms
are known; 5 occur in Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF MICROHYLA
te" Avsingle metatarsal tubercless2 2222 ssc ose os oce cece eee eee eee 2,
‘Twormetatarsal tubercles 22.00 ole eee ots Se eee eee 4
2. Toes swollen at tips but not wider than digit; ventral surface of limbs and
abdomenjimmaculates.4i0u 0552 See ae ee 3
Toes flattened at tips, perceptibly wider than the digit; ventral surface of
chin and throat, underside of limbs and side of head and body brownish,
with lighter flecks; central part of abdomen white with some brown
reviculation2 = oc se oe soos oe eee a an ee elegans (p. 93)
3. Head narrow; trace of a black stripe or row of black spots from behind
eye to a point on side; foot slender, small_____--_- mazatlanensis (p. 92)
Head wider; no trace of black stripe behind eye; foot wider, the toes a
little longer proportionately, larger_.__.__._.------------ olivacea (p. 93)
4. A hair-fine line from tip of snout to anus; a similar line from anus along
posterior surface of leg to foot; smaller________----- usta gadovii (p. 94)
No hair-fine line on back or posterior surface of leg; larger_._ usta usta (p. 93)
MICROHYLA MAZATLANENSIS Taytor
Microhyla mazatlanensis TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 29, 19438, pp.
355-357.
Type—EHT-HMS No. 1236.
Type locality —2 miles east of Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Range.—Known only from the type locality.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 93
MICROHYLA OLIVACEA (Hallowell)
Engystoma olivaceum HatuowE.L, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 8,
1856 (1857), p. 252.
Gastrophryne olivacea Smiru, Copeia, Dec. 27, 1933, p. 217.
Microhyla olivacea PARKER, Monograph of the frogs of the family Microhylidae,
1934, pp. 126, 144.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 529-531 (part).
Type—Not known.
Type locality —‘“‘Kansas and Nebraska,’’ probably Kansas.
Range.—Central United States from Kansas south to Coahuila,
Chihuahua, and Durango. Recorded or known from Coahuila: 2 to 3
miles east of Torreén, Muisquiz; Chihuahua: Rio Santa Maria;
- Durango: 5 miles north of Conejos; Sonora: Noria.
MICROHYLA ELEGANS (Boulenger)
Engystoma elegans BOULENGER, Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the col-
lection of the British Museum, ed. 2, 1882, p. 162.
Gastrophryne elegans Ke.utoaa, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 183, 187.
Microhyla elegans Parker, Monograph of the frogs of the family Microhylidae,
1934, p. 144.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp.
528-529.
Type.—Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. No. 56.3.17.27.
Type locality —Cérdoba, Veracruz, Mexico.
Range—Southern Veracruz to Petén, Guatemala, in lowlands.
Known from Veracruz: Cérdoba, Presidio; Campeche: Tres Brazos;
also from Piedras Negras, Guatemala, on the Chiapas border.
MICROHYLA USTA USTA (Cope)
Engystoma rugosum (non Duméril and Bibron) GuntTHErR, Catalogue of the
Batrachia Salientia in the collection of the British Museum, 1858 (1859),
p. 52.
Engystoma ustum Corn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 18, 1866, p. 131.
Gastrophryne usta Ke.uoce, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 183, 187-188
(part).
Microhyla usta PaArKer, Monograph of the frogs of the family Microhylidae,
1934, pp. 148-149 (part).
Microhyla usta usta Taytor and Smiru, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945,
pp. 602-603, pl. 32, figs. 1—4.
Engystoma mexicanum Prters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1869, p. 181 (state
of Puebla, probably Matamoros, Mexico; Berl. Mus. ?).
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 24965.
Type locality ——Guadalaxara (=Guadalajara), Jalisco, Mexico.
Range.—Sinaloa and central Veracruz southward to near the Isthmus
of Tehuantepec. Reported or known from Veracruz: Palma Sola,
Potrero Viejo, near Cafiada, 4 miles east of Encero, Tierra Colorada,
Rodriguez Clara, Cuautlapan, Escamilla; Guerrero: 1 mile north of
Organos, 2 miles north of Xaltinanguis near El Treinta; Colima:
757435487
94. BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Queseria, Paso del Rio, Tecom4n, Santiago; Guanajuato: Buenavista;
Jalisco: Guadalajara; Sinaloa: Venadillo. Probably most of the
reports for the state of Oaxaca are referable to Microhyla usta gadovii;
that for Valles, San Luis Potosi, is based on a young Hypopachus
CUNEUS CUNEUS.
MICROHYLA USTA GADOVII (Boulenger)
Eupemphiz gadomi Boutencsr, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 12, Nov. 1903,
p. 552.
Microhyla usta Parker, Monograph of the frogs of the family Microhylidae,
1934, pp. 148-149 (part).
Mierohyla usta gadovit TaytLor and Smiru, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 95, 1945,
p. 603, pl. 32, figs. 5-10.
Type.—(Cotypes) Brit. Mus. Nos. 1903.9.30.259-261.
Type locality —San Mateo del Mar, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Range.—Oaxaca and Chiapas. Specimens are known from Oazaca:
Tehuantepec (city); Chiapas: La Esperanza (near Escuintla), Acacoy-
agua, Colonia Soconusco, Las Gradas, Tonalé, Tapachula.
Genus HYPOPACHUS Keferstein
Hypopachus KerersteEin, Nachr. Ges. Gottingen, No. 18, 1867, p. 351.
Genotype.—Hypopachus seebachii Keferstein (=Engystoma variolo-
sum Cope).
Range.—Southern Texas to Brazil, Paraguay, and Bolivia.
Species.—About 15 species and subspecies, 7 of which occur in
Mexico.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF HYPOPACHUS
1. Width of head 3 times in snout-to-vent length (slightly more or less);
sides of head and body dark brown, contrasting with dorsal color;
ventral surface reticulated with brown enclosing cream spots; 50 mm.
caprimimus (p. 95)
Width of head in snout-to-vent length 3% to 4 times______.-__-_-_--- 2
2. ° Venter white’or cream without markings. ©- 201. 22222222252 22 eee 3
Venter reticulated with) brown. i2scie2: S22)... ee ee 4
3. Scattered black spots on sides and groin; spot on femora; a light stripe
from eye to jaw angle; foot one-third to two-thirds webbed; 41 mm.
maculatus (p. 95)
No distinctive black spots on sides or groin; no light stripe from eye to
jaw angle; foot less than one-third webbed; large gland on breast and
anterior abdominal region of males usually moderately distinct;
BAST Se es Se ee EAD AU ARO vate a ee ees alboventer (p. 95)
4. Venter colored with reticulations of brown and cream, the cream not
forming ‘round white spots. £287 7=U_ Saye ee oe 5
Venter reticulated with brown enclosing round cream spots____-_------ 6
5. Reticulation very light, often scarcely discernible; in some specimens a
hair fine median cream line from snout to vent; a series of dark spots
on dorsolateral line below which sides are lighter than back; 41 mm.
cuneus cuneus (p. 95)
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 95
Sides of head and body deep black reticulated with cream ; groin and
lumbar region spotted; venter very strongly reticulated with black
mnevcream 4s Mims. 22 28 So cuneus nigroreticulatus (p. 96)
6. Small, the sides brown with white flecks contrasting with the dorsal
coloration; an irregular dark line from occiput to groin; color above
grayish to eray-brown;/36 mm. 52.2... ovis (p. 96)
Large, sides not dark brown in contrast to lighter dorsum but usually
lighter; occasionally a few dorsolateral dark spots, and the diagonal
lines sometimes indicated by a few dark spots; 50 mm__ oxyrrhinus (p. 96)
HYPOPACHUS CAPRIMIMUS Taylor
Hypopachus caprimimus ‘TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940)
pp. 526-528, pl. 61, 63, fig. 1, la; Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942,
pp. 47-48, pl. 2, fig. 1, pl. 3, fig. 7 (tadpole).
Type-—EKHT-HMS No. 18149.
Type locality —Agua del Obispo, Guerrero, Mexico.
Range.—Guerrero. Reported from Balsas River at Mexcala, Gar-
rapatas, Organos, Mazatlan, near Palo Blanco, Buena Vista, El
Limoncito.
HYPOPACHUS MACULATUS Taylor
Hypopachus maculatus Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 524-526, pl. 62, figs. E, F, pl. 63, figs. 2, 2a.
Type—EHT-HMS No. 1023.
Type locality —Near San Ricardo, Chiapas, Mexico.
Range.—Chiapas Plateau. Known only from the type locality
and Asuncién, Chiapas.
HYPOPACHUS ALBOVENTER Taylor
Hypopachus alboventer Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940),
pp. 522-524, pl. 60, pl. 63, figs. 3, 3a; Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942,
pp. 48-49, pl. 1, fig. 3, pl. 3, fig. 6 (tadpole).
Type —EKHT-HMS No. 19615.
Type locality —Eight miles east of Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Range.——Morelos. Known from the type locality and near Hua-
jintl4n, Morelos (Kilometer 133).
HYPOPACHUS CUNEUS CUNEUS Cope
Hypopachus cuneus Corr, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 34, 1889, pp. 388-389, fig. 98.
Hypopachus cuneus cuneus Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, No. 15,
1939 (1940), pp. 516-518, pl. 62, fig. A, pl. 63, figs. 7, 7a.
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 15676.
Type locality —San Diego, Nueces County, Texas.
Range.—Southern Texas; Tamaulipas and Veracruz. Specimens
reported or known from Tamaulipas: Hacienda La Clementina (4
miles west of Forlén); San Luis Potost: Valles; Veracruz: Encero.
96 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
HYPOPACHUS CUNEUS NIGRORETICULATUS Taylor
Hypopachus cuneus nigroreticulatus TayLor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26,
1939 (1940), pp. 518-520, pl. 59.
Hypopachus inguinalis Gaicr (nec Cope), Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. No.
457, 1936, p. 294 (tadpole).
Type -—EHT-HMS No. 12605.
Type locality —Encarnacién, Campeche, Mexico.
Range.—The Yucatin Peninsula. Recorded in Mexico from the
states of Yucatén: Mérida, Chichen itz4; Campeche: Encarnacién,
Tuxpefia Camp, Champotén, Pital, Tres Brazos, Balakbal.
HYPOPACHUS OVIS Taylor
Hypopachus ovis TayLtor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 26, 1939 (1940), pp
520-522, pl. 62, fig. B.
Type—EHT-HMS No. 1050.
Type locality —Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.
Range.—Nayarit to Colima. Known from Nayarit: Tepic; Jalisco:
near Chapala, near Magdalena; Colima: near Queseria.
HYPOPACHUS OXYRRHINUS Boulenger
Hypopachus oxyrrhinus BouLENGER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 11, 1883,
p. 344.
Hypopachus variolosus KrLuoaa (nec Cope), U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp.
182-183, 184-185.
Type.—Cotypes, Brit. Mus. Nos. 82.12.5.8; 83.4.5.3.
Type locality.—Presidio, near Mazatlin, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Range.—Sinaloa, south to Jalisco and Michoacén. Reported from
Sinaloa: Presidio; Jalisco: Agua Delgada, Ocotlén, Guadalajara;
Michoacén: San Salvador, Buena Vista, Cofradia.
Family RANIDAE Bonaparte
Ranidae Bonaparte, Giorn. Accad. Sci. Lett. ed Arti, Roma, vol. 49, 1831, pp.
65, 75.
Subfamily RANINAE Noble
Raninae Norte, The biology of the Amphibia, 1931, p. 518.
Genus RANA Linnaeus
Rana Linnatus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, vol. 1, 1758, p. 210.
Pohlia StTEINDACHNER, Reise Novara, vol. 1, Amphibia, 1867, p. 15 (genotype
Pohlia palmipes Steindachner= Rana palmipes Spix).
Genotype.—(Rana) temporaria Linnaeus.
Range.—Eurasia south to Madagascar and Australia, and Canada
to Brazil.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 97
Species.—Approximately 400, about 25 American, of which 9 are
Mexican.
KEY TO MEXICAN SPECIES OF RANA
Pere sctorsolateral, glandular fold.2 cit. 445 yee) Sah bee oc te Se se oe ie 2
Nosdorsolateral glandular foldo- 2-908 ee 8
2. Legs long; tibiotarsal articulation (heel) reaching tip or beyond the
RED OF ‘SnOUbs= +2 [oe ee ee eee ee ee 3
Legs short, the heel reaching to a point between tympanum and snout
SGN ee eee Daa Se Ree a el he as EE EE ee 5
3. Heels overlap strongly (several millimeters) when legs are folded___. 4
Heels touch when legs are folded; a fold behind tympanum; skin with-
out ridges but with small, rounded, pearly-tipped pustules and tuber-
cles of varying sizes, making skin rough to touch; subarticular tuber-
cles moderately large, rather elongate, compressed; toes swollen at
GUTS eee UI Loyame vue Lo Ke Clichy deca) enn a ee eee pustulosa (p. 98)
4, Glandular fold narrow; skin without distinct pustules, smooth to touch;
toes widened into flattened terminal disks, and fully webbed; no
vocal sac; heel far beyond tip of snout; 91 mm__ sierramadrensis (p. 98)
Glandular fold thick, widened; numerous longitudinal ridges or elon-
gate pustules between folds; toes pointed, not dilated at tips, almost
completely webbed; two external vocal saes in males, behind jaw
anoles (COMPpPOsite) coll oni =e eee eee ee pipiens (p. 98)
aetiecl to between eye and.tip of snout......__--....--=-..--2)- === 6
ieeenot reaching DeVOUO CYC... 2-- a = ae ee Ne See ee eee ee 7
6. Heel to between eve and nostril; tympanum large, about %4 or more of eye
diameter; positympanic fold obsolete; 2 small internal vocal sacs in male,
the openings in floor of mouth very small; toes swollen at tips into
small disks, almost fully webbed; skin shagreen above, with minute hard
pearly-tipped tubercles; canthus distinct, sharp; 125 mm.
palmipes (p. 98)
Heel to nostril or between nostril and snout tip; skin fold on upper lip light
colored; fore part of head smooth; remainder of dorsum and sides with
small rounded papillae; first finger longer than second; canthus indis-
tinct) baja Californias 114 mm_=<_.222-2+-25-5 aurora draytoni (p. 99)
7. Feet and hands rather small or moderate; subarticular tubercles minute;
tips of toes minutely swollen; heel to tympanum or between tympanum
and eye 41; first finger longer than second; longitudinal pustules or ridges
between dorsolateral glandular folds; sides strongly studded with small
equal-sized tubercles; belly unicolor usually; 116 mm.
montezumae Baird (p. 99)
Feet and hands large, first and second fingers equal or first shorter; tips
of toes perceptibly larger than montezwmae, the subarticular tubercles
small; no conspicuous tubercles between dorsolateral folds; heel to eye;
belly reticulated, grayish or grayish black and yellow; 152 mm.
megapoda (p. 100)
8. Diameter of tympanum two-fifths to one-half diameter of eye; tarsal fold
present, distinct or indistinct; toes swollen into small disks; heels to or
near to tip of snout; no outer metatarsal tubercle; no vocal sac or external
vesiclesspbehind ears. 7o MMes-=2-5-—-- cee ae tarahumarae (p. 100)
41 In making this measurement the specimen must be straightened. If the back is slightly humped, the
heel will reach farther forward and the variation will seem greater than actually obtains.
98 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Diameter of tympanum about equal diameter of eye in females, larger than
eye in males; no tarsal fold; heel to tympanum or eye; a vocal sac but no
external: vesicles; Z00.antna2¢22S4e ts i254 ee ew catesbeiana (p. 100)
RANA SIERRAMADRENSIS Taylor
Rana sierramadrensis 'Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 25, 1938 (1939),
pp. 397-399, pl. 39, fig. 1.
Type-—EHT-HMS No. 3963 B.
Type locality —Agua del Obispo, Guerrero, Mexico (Kilometers
350-351 on Mexico-Acapulco Highway).
Range.—Known from type locality and vicinity.
RANA PIPIENS Schreber
Rana pipiens ScureBER, Der Naturforscher, Halle, vol. 18, 1872, p. 185, pl.
4.—Keruioae, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1982, pp. 192-193, 203-213, figs.
la, 24.
? Rana forreri BOULENGER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 11, 1888, p. 343
(Presidio, Sinaloa, Mexico; Brit. Mus. No. 1882.12.5.7).
Rana trilobata Moceuarp, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 9, vol. 1, 1899, pp.
158-159, pl. 1, fig. 1 (Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris
No. 169a).
Rana omiltemana GUntTHER, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Reptilia and Batrachia,
1900, p. 200, pl. 61, fig. A (Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico; Brit. Mus.
Nos. 1895.7.15.31-85).
Type.—None.
Type locality Raccoon, Gloucester County, N. J.
Range.—North America south to Nicaragua. On plateau and
lowlands of Mexico, recorded for every state and territory except
Quintana Roo.
RANA PUSTULOSA Boulenger
Rana pustulosa BOULENGER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser 5, vol. 11, 1883, p. 343.—
Keutoaa, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 193-194, 2183-214.—Taytor,
Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 4446, pl. 1, fig. 1, pl. 3, fig. 4
(tadpole).
Type.—Brit. Mus. No. 1883.4.16.42.
Type locality —Ventanas, Durango, Mexico.
Range.—Slope of the plateau, Sonora to Guerrero. Reported from
Sonora: Guirocoba; Durango: Ventanas; Colima: Queseria; Morelos:
5 miles south of Cuernavaca, near Huajintlén; Guerrero: 12 miles
south of Chilpancingo, near Palo Blanco.
RANA PALMIPES Spix
Rana palmipes Srerx, Animalia nova, sive species novae testudinum et ranarum
quas in itinere per Brasiliam..., 1824, p. 5, pl. 5, fig. 1—Kzutuioae, U. 8S.
Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 194-195, 200-202.
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 99
Type.—Not known.
Type locality— Amazon River, Brazil.
Fange.—Southern Veracruz and the Isthmus of Tehuantepec south
to South America; Morelos. Reported or known from Veracruz:
Alvarado, Jalapa, Tlacotalpam, La Laja Creek near Cuatotolapam,
Lake Catemaco, Perez, near San Juan de Gracia, Potrero Viejo, San
Andrés Tuxtla, Matacabresto; Morelos: Cuernavaca; Campeche:
Tres Brazos; Oaxaca: mountains near Santo Domingo (1,000 feet
elevation); Tehuantepec (city); Chiapas: Palenque, Mount Ovando,
Finca Judérez, mountains near Tonalé, Asuncién; Tabasco: Tenosique.
RANA AURORA DRAYTONI Baird and Girard
Rana draytont Barrp aud Girarp, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6
1852, p. 174.
Rana aurora draytoni Camp, Univ. California Publ. Zool., vol. 17, 1917, p. 123.
,
Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 11497.
Type locality—San Francisco and the Columbia River.
Range.—Central California to northern Baja California. Re-
ported in Baja California from “San Tomas,” Valladares, La Grulla,
Rancho San Antonio, San José (2,500 feet), San Ramén, mountains
of Baja California up to 4,000 feet elevation.
RANA MONTEZUMAE Baird
Rana montezumae BairpD, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 7, 1854, p. 61;
Report on the United States and Mexican Boundary Survey, vol. 2, Reptiles,
1859, p. 27, pl. 36, figs. 1-6.—Kzr.tuioce, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932,
pp. 191-192, 197-199.—Taytor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp.
46-47, pl. 3, figs. 1, 5 (tadpole).
Rana adirita TrRoscHeEL, in Mueller, Reisen in den Vereinigten Staaten, Canada
und Mexico, vol. 3, 1865, p. 616 (Mexico; types unknown).
(Rana montezumae) concolor Corn, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 32, 1887, p. 20 (Guana-
juato; lectotype U.S.N.M. No. 81101).
Type.—U.8. N. M. No. 3344 (fide Kellogg).
Type locality—City of México, Distrito Federal, Mexico.
Range.—The southern tip of the central Mexican plateau. Speci-
mens are known or have been reported from Distrito Federal: México
(city), Xochimilco, Lake Texcoco, north of Guadalupe; México:
Chalco, Santa Magdalena, Zumpango, 10 miles northwest of Toluca,
Lerma; Aguascalientes: 8 miles south of Aguascalientes; Michoacdén:
Tupataro, Sahuayo, 5 miles northwest of Maravatio; Puebla: Atlixco,
Puebla, Chiguahuapan (Alatristi); Querétaro: San Juan del Rio;
Jalisco: Ocotl4n, Teocaltiche, near Chapala; Hidalgo: Actopain, La
Mora; Guanajuato: Acambaro, Lagos, Guanajuato, Santa Rosa (9,500
feet altitude); 3 miles north of Leén, 7 miles west of Silao, 3 miles east
of Santa Rosa. Other records are from Veracruz: Mirador, vicinity
100 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
of Orizaba; Oaxaca: Tehuantepec; and Tabasco: no specific locality.
For geographic reasons we consider the records from the latter three
states unacceptable.
RANA MEGAPODA Taylor
Rana megapoda TaYuor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., vol. 28, 1942, pp. 310-318, pl. 28.
Type.-—EKHT-HMS No. 3280.
Type locality —Near Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico.
Range.—Jalisco, around Lake Chapala.
RANA TARAHUMARAE Boulenger
Rana tarahumarae BouLeNcER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 20, 1917, pp.
416-417.—Ketuoae, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 160, 1932, pp. 190-191, 214-215.
Type.—Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nos. 1914.1.28.148—149 ; 1911.12.12.36—
39.
Type locality—tIoquiro (=Yoquivo) and Barranca del Cobre,
Sierra Tarahumara, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Range.—Western Texas to Sonora and southward to Jalisco. In
Mexico, known from Chihuahua: type localities, and Mojarachic,
Chihuahua; Sonora: El Tigre Mountain below El Tigre mine; Jalisco:
Oblatos.
RANA CATESBEIANA Shaw
Rana catesbeiana Suaw, Gen. Zool., vol. 3, pt. 1, 1802, p. 106, pl. 33.—Kr.ioee,
U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull 160, 1932, pp. 191, 195-197, figs. 21-23.
Type.—Probably no preserved type.
Type locality—North America (restricted to South Carolina).
Range.—In the United States, chiefly east of longitude 98° W., but
introduced widely elsewhere; northern Mexico. Reported from Nuevo
Leén: San Diego (near Cadereyta); Tamaulipas: Altamira. Expected
in Sonora and elsewhere (introduced).
STATE LISTS
Compilation of state lists is beset with difficulties arising from
incorrect or dubious identifications of material not now available for
examination. In most vertebrate classes, casual records and descrip-
tions frequently suffice to allocate correctly erroneously identified
specimens, but in amphibians even lengthy descriptions are sometimes
insufficient, if the proper comparisons are not made. More than in
any other vertebrate class, amphibians are identified, with exceptions
of course, on a comparative basis. Thus older workers, whose know]l-
edge of the Mexican fauna was far more incomplete than that of
present-day students, frequently could neither evaluate characters
properly nor describe them so that the specimens could later be
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 101
identified satisfactorily. For this reason we have been unable to
allocate some published records, and others only with some or consid-
erable doubt. We have eliminated from these lists records we think
preposterous, but have retained some that are possibly correct even
though unlikely.
All political areas are represented by three or more records.
Arranged according to the number of species known from each, the
following sequence results:
Weraeruz...—=— 416 71 Singloatras...2210. = 21 Distrito Federal__. 14
Ga CAs 5. feel eters 53 Sonoratere-_ S22cee 20ceeCoahwilas 28 222. 13
Chiapas-— 6-4 47 Nay anitese—sss2 2 19 Dunancosses.. == 13
Guerrero___... =U). 42 Damaukipss = sees 19 Guanajuato_-______ 12
Puebla sq. steosites: 33 (Wabascoust.- sz 18 Hacatecasou. S22 10
idaleo naa -8 29 Colimasss. . 522 lanes hliaxcalaso i Seu 5
IMExiCOn Ss 452855 =~ 28 Chihuahua 222222 ie) Aguascalientes____- 4
San Luis Potosf__.. 27 Campeche-.---__-_-- 16. YQuerétaroll sess 3
Morelos... =.=. 25 Nuevo Leén____--_- 16 Quintana Roo-___-_- 3
aS COme foe thle 22 iucnianee oe eee 16
Michoacén_______- ‘21. ~=Baja California.__._ 15
Veracruz with 71 forms recorded possesses an extremely large
proportion of the species of Mexico. This is due perhaps as much
to relatively extensive collecting as to favorable environments;
important also is the wide variety of niches in the state. Oaxaca
with equally varied niches is not so well collected. It is of interest
that these two states lead also in number of snake species represented,
although the disparity between them is not so great for snakes. Arid
or semiarid areas inhabited by many kinds of snakes have relatively
few amphibians, as for instance in the case of Baja California. No
state has been really well collected, and most have been very poorly
investigated. Many additions are to be expected to the list as now
constructed.
AGUASCALIENTES Bufo cognatus
Bufo californicus
Bufo boreas halophilus
Bufo punctatus
Hyla regilla
Hyla arenicolor
BAJA CALIFORNIA Rana pipiens
Rana aurora draytoni
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Hyla eximia
Rana pipiens
Rana montezumae
Taricha klauberi
‘ CAMPECHE
Ensatina croceater
Batrachoseps attenuatus leucopus Rhinophrynus dorsalis
Aneides lugubris lugubris Bufo horribilis
Scaphiopus couchii Bufo valliceps
Scaphiopus hammondii Engystomops pustulosus
Bufo woodhousii woodhousii Leptodactylus labialis
102 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Agalychnis moreletii
Acrodytes spilomma
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla loquax
Hyla underwoodi
Hyla staufferi
Microhyla elegans
Hypopachus cuneus nigroreticulatus
Rana pipiens
Rana palmipes
CHIAPAS
Dermophis mexicanus mexicanus
Gymnopis multiplicata oaxacae
Magnadigita nigroflavescens
Bolitoglossa occidentalis
Bolitoglossa flaviventris
Bolitoglossa moreleti
Bolitoglossa rufescens
Chiropterotriton xolocalcae
Rhinophrynus dorsalis
Bufo angustipes
Bufo horribilis
Bufo canaliferus
Bufo cristatus
Bufo valliceps
Bufo perplexus
Engystomops pustulosus
Syrrhophus rubrimaculatus
Syrrhophus nebulosus
Microbatrachylus albolabris
Microbatrachylus montanus
Microbatrachylus minimus
Microbatrachylus imitator
Microbatrachylus pygmaeus
Leptodactylus labialis
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus matudai
Eleutherodactylus rugulosus
Eleutherodactylus beatae
Eleutherodactylus venustus
Eleutherodactylus rhodopis
Centrolenella fleischmanni
Agalychnis moreletii
Plectrohyla sagorum
Plectrohyla matudai
Acrodytes modestus
Acrodytes spilomma,
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla robertmertensi
Hyla underwoodi
Hyla rozellae
Hyla beltrani
Hyla staufferi
Hyla miotympanum?
Microhyla usta gadovii
Hypopachus maculatus
Rana pipiens
Rana palmipes
CHIHUAHUA
Ambystoma rosaceum
Ambystoma fluvinatum
Ambystoma tigrinum subsp.
Seaphiopus couchii
Scaphiopus hammondii
Bufo woodhousii woodhousii
Bufo compactilis
Bufo cognatus
Bufo insidior
Bufo simus
Bufo punctatus
Eleutherodactylus tarahumaraensis
Hyla wrightorum
Hyla arenicolor
Microhyla olivacea
Rana pipiens
Rana tarahumarae
COAHUILA
Scaphiopus couchii
Scaphiopus hammondii
Bufo compactilis
Bufo cognatus
Bufo horribilis
Bufo insidior
Bufo valliceps
Bufo punctatus
Eleutherodactylus latrans
Acris crepitans
Hyla arenicolor
Microhyla olivacea
Rana pipiens
COLIMA
Batrachoseps attenuatus ? (Nevado de
Colima) (possibly Jalisco)
Bufo horribilis
Bufo simus
Bufo marmoreus
Syrrhophus modestus
Leptodactylus melanonotus
EHleutherodactylus occidentalis
Pternohyla fodiens
Agalychnis dacnicolor
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 103
Acrodytes inflatus
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla smithi
Microhyla usta usta
Hypopachus oxyrrhinus
Hypopachus ovis
Rana pipiens
Rana pustulosa
DISTRITO FEDERAL
Siredon mexicanum
Rhyacosiredon altamirani
Ambystoma velasci
Pseudoeurycea leprosa
Chiropterotriton chiroptera
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo compactilis
Bufo simus
Tomodactylus angustidigitorum
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla eximia
Hyla lafrentzi
Hyla arenicolor
Rana montezumae
Rana pipiens
DURANGO
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo woodhousii woodhousii
Bufo compactilis
Bufo cognatus
Bufo horribilis
Bufo insidior
Bufo simus
Eleutherodactylus augusti
Hyla eximia
Hyla arenicolor
Microhyla olivacea
Rana pipiens
Rana pustulosa
GUANAJUATO
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo compactilis
Bufo simus
Bufo punctatus
Syrrhophus guttilatus
Eleutherodactylus augusti
Hyla eximia
Hyla arenicolor
Microhyla usta usta
Rana pipiens
Rana montezumae
GUERRERO
Gymnopis multiplicata oaxacae
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo horribilis
Bufo simus
Bufo gemmifer
Bufo coccifer
Bufo marmoreus
Bufo perplexus
Tomodactylus albolabris
Tomodactylus amulae
Tomodactylus nitidus
Syrrhophus pipilans
Microbatrachylus albolabris
Microbatrachylus minimus
Microbatrachylus pygmaeus
Leptodactylus labialis
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus calcitrans
Eleutherodactylus saltator
Eleutherodactylus augusti
Eleutherodactylus rugulosus
Centrolenella viridissima
Agalychnis dacnicolor
Acrodytes inflatus
Smilisea baudinii baudinii
Hyla arboricola
Hyla underwoodi
Hyla smithi
Hyla pinorum
Hyla leonard-schultzei
Hyla staufferi
Hyla arenicolor
Hyla erythromma
Hyla melanomma
Hyla miotympanum
Ptychohyla adipoventris
Microhyla usta usta
Hypopachus caprimimus
Rana sierramadrensis
Rana pipiens
Rana pustulosa
HIDALGO
Bolitoglossa platydactyla
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Pseudoeurycea gigantea
Pseudoeurycea cephalica rubrimembris
Pseudoeurycea cephalica manni
104 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Chiropterotriton dimidiata
Chiropterotriton chondrostega
Chiropterotriton arborea
Chiropterotriton multidentata
Chiropterotriton mosaueri
Chiropterotriton terrestris
Bufo horribilis
Bufo simus
Bufo vailiceps
Tomodactylus macrotympanum
Syrrhophus latodactylus
Syrrhophus verruculatus
Syrrhophus verrucipes
Eleutherodactylus hidalgoensis
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla eximia
Hyla lafrentzi
Hyla bistincta
Hyla robertsorum
Hyla arenicolor
Hyla bromeliana
Hyla miotympanum
Rana pipiens
Rana montezumae
JALISCO
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo compactilis
Bufo horribilis
Bufo simus
Bufo marmoreus
Microbatrachylus hobartsmithi
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus occidentalis
EHleutherodactylus augusti
Pternohyla fodiens
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla eximia
Hyla staufferi
Hyla arenicolor
Microhyla usta usta
Hypopachus ovis
Hypopachus oxyrrhinus
Rana pipiens
Rana montezumae
Rana megapoda
Rana tarahumarae
MEXICO
Siredon mexicanum
Siredon lermaensis
Rhyacosiredon rivularis
Rhyacosiredon leorae
Rhyacosiredon altamirani
Ambystoma velasci
Ambystoma granulosum
Ambystoma lacustris
Ambystoma, schmidti
Ambystoma bombypellum
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Pseudoeurycea altamontana
Pseudoeurycea robertsi
Pseudoeurycea leprosa,
Pseudoeurycea cephalica cephalica
Chiropterotriton chiroptera
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo compactilis
Tomodactylus angustidigitorum
Microbatrachylus hobartsmithi
Eleutherodactylus bolivari
Hyla cdrdenasi
Hyla eximia
Hyla lafrentzi
Hyla bistincta
Hyla arenicolor
Rana pipiens
Rana montezumae
MICHOACAN
Bathysiredon dumerilii
Ambystoma amblycephalum
Ambystoma ordinarium
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Bufo compactilis
Bufo horribilis
Tomodactylus angustidigitorum
Microbatrachylus hobartsmithi
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus occidentalis
Eleutherodactylus augusti
Eleutherodactylus vocalis
Agalychnis dacnicolor
Hyla eximia
Hyla smithi
Hyla bistincta
Hyla arenicolor
Hyla smaragdina
Hypopachus oxyrrhinus
Rana pipiens
Rana montezumae
MORELOS
Rhyacosiredon altamirani
Rhyacosiredon zempoalaensis
Pseudoeurycea bellii
CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 105
Pseudoeurycea altamontana
Pseudoeurycea leprosa
Pseudoeurycea cephalica cephalica
Chiropterotriton chiroptera
Bufo horribilis
Bufo simus
Bufo perplexus
?Tomodactylus amulae
Tomodactylus nitidus
Leptodactylus labialis
Eleutherodactylus augusti
Agalychnis dacnicolor
Hylella azteca
Hyla eximia
Hyla lafrentzi
Hyla smithi
Hyla bistincta
Hyla arenicolor
Hypopachus alboventer
Rana pipiens
Rana pustulosa
Rana palmipes
NAYARIT
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Scaphiopus couchii
Bufo horribilis
Bufo kelloggi
Bufo simus
Bufo nayaritensis
Leptodactylus occidentalis
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus occidentalis
Eleutherodactylus augusti
Pternohyla fodiens
Agalychnis dacnicolor
Acrodytes inflatus
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla eximia
Hyla smithi
Hyla arenicolor
Hypopachus ovis
Rana pipiens
NUEVO LEON
Pseudoeurycea galeanae
Scaphiopus couchii
Scaphiopus hammondii
Bufo compactilis
Bufo horribilis
Bufo debilis
Bufo valliceps
Bufo punctatus
Syrrhophus smithi
Syrrhophus latodactylus
Syrrohophus campi
Leptodactylus labialis
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla miotympanum
Rana pipiens
Rana catesbeiana
OAXACA
Dermophis mexicanus mexicanus
Gymnopis multiplicata oaxacae
Thorius pulmonaris
Thorius narisovalis
Magnadigita macrinii
Bolitoglossa platydactyla
Bolitoglossa rufescens
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Pseudoeurycea unguidentis
Pseudoeurycea smithi
Pseudoeurycea cochranae
Rhinophrynus dorsalis
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo compactilis
Bufo horribilis
Bufo simus
Bufo canaliferus
Bufo coccifer
Bufo valliceps
Bufo marmoreus
Bufo perplexus
Engystomops pustulosus
Tomodactylus nitidus
Syrrhophus pipilans
Syrrhophus leprus
Microbatrachylus lineatissimus
Microbatrachylus oaxacae
Microbatrachylus pygmaeus
Leptodactylus labialis
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus mexicanus
Eleutherodactylus augusti
Eleutherodactylus natator
Eleutherodactylus avocalis
Eleutherodactylus rugulosus
Eleutherodactylus macdougalli
Eleutherodactylus rhodopis
Diaglena reticulata
Agalychnis moreletii
Agalychnis dacnicolor
Acrodytes spilomma
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hylella sumichrasti
106 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Hyla euphorbiacea
Hyla robustofemora
Hyla bistincta
Hyla staufferi
Hyla hazelae
Hyla miotympanum
Hyla arborescandens
Microhyla usta gadovii
Rana pipiens
Rana palmipes
PUEBLA
Rhyacosiredon leorae
Ambystoma subsalsum
Ambystoma velasci
Thorius dubitus
Thorius troglodytes
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Pseudoeurycea gigantea
Pseudoeurycea gadovii
Pseudoeurycea leprosa
Pseudoeurycea melanomolga
Pseudoeurycea cephalica cephalica
Chiropterotriton chiroptera
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo compactilis
Bufo horribilis
Bufo simus
Tomodactylus nitidus
Syrrhophus verruculatus
Eleutherodactylus cactorum
Eleutherodactylus rugulosus?
Eleutherodactylus dunni
Agalychnis callidryas
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hylella azteca
Hyla euphorbiacea
Hyla cdrdenasi
Hyla eximia
Hyla lafrentzi
Hyla bistincta
Hyla miotympanum
Hyla arborescandens
Rana, pipiens
Rana montezumae
QUERETARO
Pseudoeurycea, bellii
Rana montezumae
Rana pipiens
QUINTANA ROO
Rhinophrynus dorsalis
Bufo valliceps
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
SAN LUIS POTOSI
Diemictylus kallerti
Bolitoglossa rufescens
Bolitoglossa platydactyla
Chiropterotriton multidentata
Scaphiopus couchii
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo cognatus
Bufo horribilis
Bufo valliceps
Bufo punctatus
Tomodactylus macrotympanum
Syrrhophus guttilatus
Syrrhophus latodactylus
Syrrhophus cystignathoides?
Syrrhophus campi
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus latrans
Eleutherodactylus rhodopis
Acrodytes spilomma
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla eximia
Hyla picta
Hyla staufferi
Hyla arenicolor
Hyla miotympanum
Hypopachus cuneus cuneus
Rana pipiens
SINALOA
Seaphiopus couchii
Bufo horribilis
Bufo kelloggi
Bufo simus
Bufo mazatlanensis
Bufo marmoreus
Bufo punctatus
Leptodactylus occidentalis
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus occidentalis
Diaglena spatulata
Pternohyla fodiens
Agalychnis dacnicolor
Acrodytes inflatus?
Smilisea baudinii baudinii
Hyla smithi
Hyla arenicolor
-CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO 107
Microhyla mazatlanensis
Microhyla usta usta
Hypopachus oxyrrhinus
Rana pipiens
SONORA
Scaphiopus couchii
Scaphiopus hammondii
Bufo alvarius
Bufo woodhousii woodhousii
Bufo compactilis
Bufo horribilis
Bufo insidior
Bufo mazatlanensis
Bufo punctatus
Leptodactylus occidentalis
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus tarahumaraensis
Pternohyla fodiens
Agalychnis dacnicolor
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla arenicolor
Microhyla olivacea
Rana pipiens
Rana pustulosa
Rana tarahumarae
TABASCO
Dermophis mexicanus mexicanus
Bolitoglossa platydactyla ?
Bolitoglossa rufescens
Rhinophrynus dorsalis
Bufo horribilis
Bufo valliceps
Engystomops pustulosus
Leptodactylus labialis
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus rhodopis
Agalychnis moreletii
Agalychnis callidryas
Acrodytes spilomma
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla picta
Hyla staufferi
Rana pipiens
Rana palmipes
TAMAULIPAS
Siren intermedia nettingi
Diemictylus meridionalis
Rhinophrynus dorsalis
Scaphiopus couchii
Scaphiopus hammondii
Bufo compactilis
Bufo horribilis
Bufo debilis
Bufo valliceps
Bufo punctatus
Syrrhophus campi
Leptodactylus labialis
Eleutherodactylus batrachylus
Acrodytes spilomma
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla staufferi
Hypopachus cuneus cuneus
Rana pipiens
Rana catesbeiana
TLAXCALA
Pseudoeurycea bellii
Bufo simus
Hyla lafrentzi
Hyla arborescandens
Rana pipiens
VERACRUZ
Dermophis mexicanus mexicanus
Diemictylus kallerti
Thorius pennatulus
Thorius dubitus
Thorius troglodytes
Parvimolge townsendi
Oedipina lineola
Bolitoglossa rufescens
Bolitoglossa platydactyla
Pseudoeurycea gigantea
Pseudoeurycea gadovii
Pseudoeurycea melanomolga
Pseudoeurycea leprosa
Pseudoeurycea nigromaculata
Pseudoeurycea cephalica cephalica
Chiropterotriton lavae
Chiropterotriton chiroptera
Rhinophrynus dorsalis
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo compactilis
Bufo horribilis
Bufo simus
Bufo cristatus
Bufo valliceps
Bufo marmoreus
Engystomops pustulosus
Tomodactylus nitidus
Syrrhophus nebulosus?
Syrrhophus leprus
108 BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Syrrhophus cystignathoides
Syrrhophus verruculatus
Microbatrachylus albolabris
Microbatrachylus minimus
Microbatrachylus pygmaeus
Leptodactylus labialis
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus alfredi *
Eleutherodactylus spatulatus
Eleutherodactylus decoratus
Eleutherodactylus hidalgoensis
Eleutherodactylus mexicanus
Eleutherodactylus natator
Eleutherodactylus beatae
Eleutherodactylus dorsoconcolor
Eleutherodactylus venustus
Eleutherodactylus rhodopis
Eleutherodactylus dunni
Anotheca coronata
Agalychnis moreletii
Agalychnis callidryas
Acrodytes spilomma
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla euphorbiacea
Hyla eximia
Hyla lafrentzi
Hyla underwoodi
Hyla rickardsi
Hyla picta
Hyla pachyderma
Hyla bistincta
Hyla forbesi
Hyla staufferi
Hyla dendroscarta
Hyla taeniopus
Hyla miotympanum
Hyla arborescandens
- Microhyla elegans
Microhyla usta usta
Hypopachus cuneus cuneus
Rana pipiens
Rana palmipes
YUCATAN
Dermophis mexicanus mexicanus
Bolitoglossa yucatana
Rhinophrynus dorsalis
Bufo horribilis
Bufo valliceps
Leptodactylus labialis
Leptodactylus melanonotus
Eleutherodactylus laticeps
Triprion petasatus
Agalychnis moreletii
Agalychnis callidryas
Acrodytes spilomma
Smilisca baudinii baudinii
Hyla underwoodi
Hypopachus cuneus nigroreticulatus
Rana pipiens
ZACATECAS
Scaphiopus couchii
Scaphiopus multiplicatus
Bufo compactilis
Bufo insidior
Bufo simus
Eleutherodactylus occidentalis
Eleutherodactylus augusti
Hyla eximia
Hyla arenicolor
Rana pipiens
rN Er xe
achatina, Hylaplesia, 92.
Microhyla, 92.
Acris, 68, 77.
crepitans, 77, 102.
Acrodytes, 68, 74.
inflata, 74.
inflatus, 103, 105.
modesta, 74.
modestus, 74, 102.
spilomma, 74, 75, 102, 105-108.
adipoventris, Ptychohyla, 91, 103.
adtrila, Rana, 99.
affinis, Hyla, 89.
Agalychnis, 68, 71.
callidryas, 71, 72, 106-108.
dacnicolor, 71, 72, 102-107.
moreletii, 71, 102, 105, 107, 108.
agua, Bufo, 37.
alba, Siredon lichenoides, 7.
albilabris, Leptodactylus, 56.
albolabris, Microbatrachylus,
102, 103, 108.
Tomodactylus, 48, 103.
alboventer, Hypopachus, 94, 95, 105.
alfredi, Eleutherodactylus, 57, 60, 108.
Hylodes, 60.
altamirani, Amblystoma, 8, 9.
Rhyacosiredon, 8, 9, 103, 104.
altamontana, Bolitoglossa, 28.
Pseudoeurycea, 26, 28, 104, 105.
altamontanus, Oedipus, 28.
alvarius, Bufo, 37, 39, 107.
amblycephala, Ambystoma, 13.
eo eephalam, Ambystoma, 10, 13,
Amblystoma altamirani, 8, 9.
Ambystoma, 6, 10.
amblycephala, 13.
amblycephaium, 10, 138, 104.
bombypella, 13.
bombypellum, 10, 13, 104.
fluvinatum, 6, 11, 14, 102.
granulosum, 11, 12, 104.
lacustris, 11, 12, 104.
maculatum, 10.
ordinaria, 13.
ordinarium, 10, 13, 104.
proserpina, 14.
proserpine, 14.
rosaceum, 6, 11, 13, 102.
schmidti, 10, 13, 104.
sp., 13.
subsalsum, 11, 106.
53, 54,
757435—_48—_8
Ambystoma subviolacea, 10.
tigrinum, 10, 11, 14.
tigrinum mavortium, 10, 13.
tigrinum proserpine, 11, 14.
tigrinum subsp., 102
tigrinum velasci, 11, 12.
velasci, 11, 108, 104, 106.
Ambystomidae, 6.
Ambystomoidea, 5, 6.
Amphibia, 3.
amulae, Tomodactylus, 47, 48, 103, 105.
Ameides, 18, 20.
lugubris, 20.
lugubris lugubris, 20, 101.
Anaxyrus, 37.
melancholicus, 37, 40.
angustidigitorum, 'Tomodactylus,
48, 103, 104.
angustipes, Bufo, 37, 41, 102.
anomalus, Bufo, 40.
Dromoplectrus, 37.
Anomocoela, 33, 34.
Anotheea, 67, 70.
coronata, 70, 108.
antioquiensis, Centrolenella, 68.
aquarum, Lusus, 8.
arborea, Bolitoglossa, 32.
Chiropterotriton, 31, 32, 104.
arborescandens, Hyla, 82, 91, 106-108.
arboricola, Hyla, 78, 83, 103.
arenicolor, Hyla, 81, 89, 101-108.
argillaceus, Bufo, 45.
attenuata, Salamandrina, 19.
attenuatus, Batrachoseps, 19, 20, 102.
augusti, Eleutherodactylus, 59, 63, 64,
103-105, 108.
augusti, Hylodes, 63.
avocalis, Eleutherodactylus, 60, 65, 105.
Axolotes, 7.
geuttata, 7.
maculata, 13.
axolotl, Siredon, 7.
azteca, Hylella, 76, 77, 105, 106.
47,
Bathysiredon, 6, 7.
dumerilii, 7, 104.
Batrachoseps, 18, 19.
Batrachoseps attenuatus, 19, 20, 102.
attenuatus leucopus, 19, 101.
leucopus, 19.
Batrachyla longipes, 57, 61.
109
110
BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
batrachylus, Eleutherodactylus, 57, 61,| Bufo canaliferus, 38, 43, 102, 105.
10
ie
baudinii, Hyla, 75, 76, 90.
Hyla baudinii, 76.
Smilisca, 76.
Smilisca baudinii, 75, 102-108.
beatae, Eleutherodactylus, 60, 65, 102,
108
Hylodes, 65.
beldingi, Bufo, 46.
belli, Spelerpes, 26.
bellii, Bolitoglossa, 26.
Oedipus, 26.
Pseudoeurycea, 25, re 103-107.
beltrani, Hyla, 80, 87, 1
berkenbuschii, Hylodes, iS
bistincta, Hyla, 79, 80, 87, 104-106, 108.
Boana, 73.
Bolitoglossa, 18, 22.
altamontana, 28.
arborea, 32.
bellii, 26.
cephalica rubrimembris, 30.
chiroptera, 32.
chondrostega, 31.
cochranae, 28.
dimidiata, 31.
flaviventris, 23, 24, 102.
gadovii, 27.
galaenae, 29.
gigantea, 27.
lavae, 32.
leprosa, 28.
macrinii, 22.
melanomolga, 27.
mexicana, 22, 24, 26.
moreleti, 23, 24, 102.
multidentata, 32.
nigroflavescens, 21, 22.
nigromaculata, 29.
occidentalis, 22, 23, 102.
platydactyla, 23, 108, 105-107.
rufescens, 22, 23, 102, 105-107.
smithi, 28.
terrestris, 33.
townsendi, 20.
unguidentis, 27.
xolocalcae, 33.
yucatana, 23, 25, 108.
bolivari, Eleutherodactylus, 59, 64, 104.
bombifrons, Scaphiopus, 35.
bombypella, Ambystoma, 13.
bombypellum, Ambystoma, 10, 13, 104.
Borborocoetes mexicanus, 62.
braziliensis, Gymnopis, 5.
bromeliana, Hyla, 81, 90, 104.
bufo, Rana, 37.
Bufo, 37.
agua, 37.
alvarius, 37, 39, 107.
angustipes, 37, 41, 102.
anomalus, 40
argillaceus, 45.
beldingi, 46.
boreas halophilus, 37, 38, 48, 101.
californicus, 37, 41, 101.
coccifer, 39, 44, 46, 103, 105.
cognatus, 37, 41, 101-103, 106.
cognatus californicus, 41.
compactilis, 37, 40, 102-108.
cristatus, 39, 44, 102, 107.
debilis, 38, 42, 105, 107.
dipternus, 41.
dorsalis, 40.
eiteli, 45.
frontosus, 40.
gemmifer, 38, 43, 103.
granulosus, 45.
halophila, 43.
horribilis, 37, 41, 101, 102, 103,
104, 105, 106, 107, 108.
insidior, 38, 42, 102, 103, 107, 108.
intermedius, 42.
kelloggi, 38, 42, 105, 106.
lateralis, 45.
levifrons, 40.
marinus, 41.
marmoreus, 39, 45, 102, 103, 104,
105, 106, 107.
mazatlanensis, 38, 48, 106, 107.
mexicanus, 40.
monksiae, 43.
nayaritenis, 39, 44, 105.
nebulifer, 45.
occidentalis, 43.
occipitalis, 44.
perplexus, 39, 45, 102, 103, 105.
punctatus, 39, 46, 102, 103, 105-
107.
simus, 38, 42, 102-108.
speciosus, 40.
sternosignatus, 45.
terrestris, 41.
trachypus, 44.
valliceps, 39, 44, 101, 102, 104-108.
vulgaris, 37.
woodhousii, 40.
woodhousii woodhousil, 37, 40, 101—
103, 107.
Bufonidae, 36, 37.
cactorum, Eleutherodactylus, 59, 63,
106.
Caeciliidae, 3, 4.
calcitrans, Eleutherodactylus, 46, 58,
62, 103.
Hylodes, 62.
californicus, Bufo, 37, 41, 101.
Bufo cognatus, 41
caliginosus, Leptodactylus, 5 Bilis
callidryas, Agalychnis, 71, 72, 106-108.
Hyla, (OTP
campi, Syrrhopbus, 50, 52, 106, 107.
canaliferus, Bufo, 38, 43, 102, 105.
caprimimus, Hypopachus, 94, 95, 103.
carbonarius, Geotriton, 24.
cfrdenasi, Hyla, 78, 83, 104, 106.
carolinense, Engystoma, 92.
catesbeiana, Rana, 98, 100, 105, 107.
Caudata, 3, 5.
INDEX
Cauphias, 73.
crassus, 86.
Centrolene, 68.
geckoideum, 68.
Centrolenelia, 67, 68.
antioquiensis, 68.
fleischmanni, 68, 102.
viridissima, 68, 69, 103.
cephalica, Pseudoeurycea cphaliga; 26,
29, 104-107.
cephalicus, Oedipus, 29.
Spelerpes, 29.
a aon Bolitoglossa, 32.
hiropterotriton, 31, 32, 103-107.
Chiropterotriton, 19, 30.
arborea, 31, 32, 104.
chiroptera, 31, 32 103-107.
chondrostega, 30, 31, 104.
dimidiata, 30, 31, 104.
lavae, 31, 32, 107.
mosaueri, 31, 32, 104.
multidentata, 31, 32, 104, 106.
terrestris, 31, 33, 104.
xolocalcae, 31, 33, 102.
chiropterus, Oedipus, 32.
Spelerpes, 32.
chondrostega, Bolitoglossa, 31.
Chiropterotriton, 30, 31, 104.
coccifer, Bufo, 39, 44, 46, 103, 105.
cochranae, Bolitoglossa, 28.
Pseudoeurycea, 26, 28, 105.
cognatus, Bufo, 37, 41, 101-103, 106.
compactilis, Bufo, 37, 40, 102-108.
concolor, Rana montezumae, 99.
conspicillatus, Hylodes, 60.
conspicuus, Eleutherodactylus, 57, 60.
copii, Hyla, 89.
coronata, Anotheca, 70, 108.
Gastrotheca, 70.
goucne, Scaphiopus, 35, 101, 102, 105-
crassa, Hyla, 80, 86.
Plectrohyla, 86.
crassus, Cauphias, 86.
crepitans, Acris, 77, 102.
cristatus, Bufo, 39, 44, 102, 107.
croceater, Ensatina, 19, 101.
Plethodon, 19.
culex, Hyla, 88.
cuneus, Hypopachus, 95.
Hypopachus cuneus,
107.
curta, Hyla, 82.
cystignathoides, Phyllobates, 52.
Syrrhophus, 50, 52, 106, 108.
Cystignathus fragilis, 56.
gracilis, 56.
labialis, 56.
melanonotus, 57.
microtis, 57.
perlaevis, 57.
94, 95, 106,
dacnicolor, Agalychnis, 71, 72, 102-
107
Phyllomedusa, CRP
111
daulinia, Smilisca, 75, 76.
debilis, Bufo, 38, 42, 105, 107.
decoratus, Eleutherdactylus,
Sond roar eatey Hyla, 81, 89, 108.
Dermophis, 4
mexicana, 4,
mexicanus, 4.
ee mexicanus, 4, 102, 105,
Desmognathidae, 16.
Diaglena, 67, 69.
reticulata, 69.
spatulata, 69.
Diemictylus, 14, 15.
kallerti, 15, 107.
meridionalis, 15, 107.
miniatus meridionalis, 15.
viridescens, 15.
digueti, Hyliola, 89.
dimidiata, Bolitoglossa, 31.
Chiropterotriton, 30, 31, 104.
Diplasiocoela, 33, 91.
dipternus, Bufo, 41.
Docidophrynae, 37.
dorsalis, Bufo, 40.
Rhinophrynus, 34, 101, 102, 106,
108
dorsalus, Rhinophryne, 34, 105.
dorsoconcolor, Eleutherodactylus,
66, 08.
draytoni, Rana, 99.
Rana aurora, 97, 99, 101.
Dromoplectrus, 37.
anomalus, 37.
dubitus, Thorius, 17, 106, 107.
dugesii, Scaphiopus, 36.
dumerilii, Bathysiredon, 7, 104.
Siredon, hs
dunni(i), Eleutherodactylus, 60, 67, 106,
108.
58, 61,
60,
ebraccata, Hyla, 79, 84, 85.
edulis, Gyrinus, 8.
eiteli, Bufo, 45.
elegans, Engystoma, 93.
Gastrophryne, 93.
Microhyla, 92, 93, 102, 108.
Eleutherodactylus, 2. 46, 57, 64.
alfredi, 57, 60, 108.
augusti, 59, 63, 64, 103-105, 108.
avocalis, 60, 65, 105.
batrachylus, 57, 61, 107.
beatae, 60, 65, 102, 108.
bolivari, 59, 64, 104.
cactorum, 59, 63, 106.
calcitrans, 46, 58, 62 , 103.
conspicuus, 57, 60.
decoratus, 58, 61, 108.
dorsoconcolor, 60, 66, 108.
dunni(i), 60, 67, 106, 108.
hidalgoensis, 58, a 104, 108.
hobartsmithi, 53,
laticeps, 59. 63, ian
latrans, 59, 63, 102, 106.
112
Eleutherodactylus longipes, 58, 61.
macdougalli, 60, 66, 105
martinicensis, 57.
matudai, 58, 59, 64, 102.
mexicanus, 59, 62, 105. 108.
natator, 60, 65, 105, 108.
occidentalis, 58,
108
rhodopis, 60, 66, 102, 105-108.
rugulosus, 60, 65, 102, "103, 105, 106.
saltator, 59, 63, 103.
spatulatus, 58, 61, 108.
tarahumaraensis, 59, 64, 102, 107.
venustus, 60, 66, 102, 108.
vocalis, 59, 64, 104.
Engystoma carolinense, 92.
elegans, 93.
mexicanum, 93.
olivaceum, 93.
rugosum, 92, 93.
ustum, 93.
variolosum, 94.
Engystomops, 36, 46, 47.
petersi, 47.
pustulosus, 47, 101, 102, 105, 107.
Ensatina, 18, 19.
croceater, 19, 101.
eschscholtzii, 19.
Epirhexis, 57.
erythromma, Hyla, 81, 89, 103.
eschscholtzii, Ensatina, 19.
Eupemphix, 47.
gadovii, 94.
nattereri, 47.
euphorbiacea, Hyla, 78, 82, 106, 108.
Exerodonta, 76
sumichrasti, 76.
eximia, Hyla, 78, 83, 101, 103-106, 108.
flaviventris, Bolitoglossa, 23, 24, 102.
Oedipus, 24,
fleischmanni, Centrolenella, 68, 102.
Hylella, 68.
fluvinatum, Ambystoma, 6, 11, 14, 102.
fodiens, Pternohyla, 70, 71, 102, 104,
106, 107.
forbesi, Hyla, 80, 88, 108.
forreri, Rana, 98.
fragilis, Cystignathus, 56.
frontosus, Bufo, 40.
gadovii, Bolitoglossa, 27.
Eupemphix, 94.
Microhyla usta, 92, 94, 102, 106.
Oedipus, 27.
Pseudoeurycea, 25, 27, 106, 107.
galaenae, Bolitoglossa, 29.
galeanae, Pseudoeurycea, 26, 29, 105.
Gastrophryne, 92.
elegans, 93.
olivacea, 93.
usta, 93.
Gastrotheca coronata, 70.
geckoideum, Centrolene, 68.
62, 102, 104, 105,
BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
gemmifer, Bufo, 38, 438, 103.
Geotriton carbonarius, "24,
variegata, 23.
gibbicaudus, Spelerpes, 29.
gigantea, Bolitoglossa, 27.
Pseudoeurycea, 25, 27, 103, 106,
giganteus, Oedipus, 27.
glutinosus, Plethodon, 16.
godmani, Hyla, 85, 90.
gracilipes, Hyla, 83.
gracilis, Cystignathus, 56.
granulosum, Ambystoma, 11, 12, 104.
granulosus, "Bufo, 45.
Taricha, 14,
eryllus, Rana, 77.
guatemalensis, Plectrohyla, 73.
guttata, Axolotes, %
guttilatus, Malachylodes, 49, 51.
Syrrhophus, 49, 51, 103, 106.
Gymnophiona, 3.
Gymnopis, 4, 5.
braziliensis, 5.
mexicanus mexicanus, +,
multiplicata, 5.
multiplicata oaxacae, 5, 102, 103,
105.
pricei, 5.
Gyrinus edulis, 8.
mexicanus, 7.
halophila, Bufo, 438.
halophilus, Bufo boreas, 37, 38, 43, 101.
hammondii, Seaphiopus, 35, 36, 101,
102, 105, 107.
Spea, 36.
harlanii, Siredon, 13.
hazelae, Hyla, 81, 90, 106.
hebes, Scytopis, 74.
helenae, Phyllomedusa, 72.
hidalgoensis, Eleutherodactylus, 58, 61,
104, 108.
hobartsmithi, Eleutherodactylus, 53, 55.
Microbatrachylus, 53, 55, 104.
holbrookii, Scaphiopus, 35.
holochlora, Hyla, 71.
horribilis, Bufo, 37, 41, 101-108.
humboldtii, Siredon, 8.
Hyla, 68, 75, 77.
affinis, 89.
art ree cancers, 82, 91, 106, 107,
108.
arboricola, 78, 83, 103.
arenicolor, 81, 89, 101-108.
baudinii, 75, 76, 90.
baudinii baudinii, 76.
beltrani, 80, 87, 102.
bistincta, 79, 80, 87, 104-106, 108.
bromeliana, 81, 90, 104.
callidryas, 71, 72.
cdrdenasi, 78, 83, 104, 106.
copii, 89.
crassa, 80, 86.
culex, 88
curta, 82.
dendroscarta, 81, 89, 108.
ee ee te
INDEX
Hyla ebraccata, 79, 84, 85.
erythromma, 81, 89, 103.
euphorbiacea, 78, 82, 106, 108.
eximia, 78, 83, 101, 103-106, 108.
forbesi, 80, 88, 108.
godmani, 85, 90.
gracilipes, 83.
hazelae, 81, 90, 106.
holochlora, 71.
lafrentzi, 78, 84, 103-108.
leonard-schultzei, 80, 87, 103.
leucophyllata, 84.
lichenosa, 75.
loquax, 78, 79, 84, 102.
melanomma, 81, 89, 103.
microcephala, 85.
microtis, 90.
ee yenpenum, 82, 85, 90, 102-106,
08.
moreletii, 71.
muricolor, 76.
nana, 86.
nigropunctata, 75.
pachyderma, 80, 86, 108.
phaeota, 80, 88.
phlebodes, 85.
picta, 79, 85, 106-108.
pinorum, 80, 87, 103.
plicata, 81, 88.
regilla, 77, 78, 82, 101.
regilla laticeps, 82.
richardsi, 79, 85, 90, 108.
robertmertensi, 79, 84, 85, 102.
robertsorum, 80, 87, 104.
robustofemora, 80, 86, 106.
rozellae, 79, 86, 102.
rudis, 71.
smaragdina, 81, 90, 104.
smithi, 79, 85, 103-106.
spilomma, 75.
staufferi, 81, 88, 102-104, 106-108.
taeniopus, 81, 89, 90, 108.
underwoodi, 79, 85, 102, 103, 108.
vanvlietii, 76.
venulosa, 74, 75.
viridis, 77.
wrightorum, 78, 84, 102.
Hylaplesia achatina, 92.
Hylella, 68, 76, 85.
azteca, 76, 77, 105, 106.
fleischmanni, 68.
picta, 85.
platycephala, 76.
sumichrasti, 76, 105.
tenera, 76.
Hylidae, 36, 67.
Hyliola, 77.
digueti, 89.
regilla, 77.
Hylodes alfredi, 60.
augusti, 63.
beatae, 65.
berkenbuschii, 65.
113
Hylodes calcitrans, 62.
conspicillatus, 60.
laticeps, 63.
martinicensis, 57.
plicatus, 66.
sallaei, 66.
venustus, 66.
Hypopachus, 92, 94.
alboventer, 94, 95, 105.
caprimimus, 94, 95, 103.
cuneus, 95.
cuneus cuneus, 94, 95, 106, 107.
ome nigroreticulatus, 95, 96, 102,
maculatus, 94, 95, 102.
ovis, 95, 96, 103-105.
oxyrrhinus, 95, 96, 103, 104, 107.
seebachii, 94.
Hypsiboas, 73.
imitator, Microbatrachylus, 53, 55, 102.
inflata, Acrodytes, 74.
inflatus, Acrodytes, 103, 105.
infuscatus, Spelerpes (Oedipus), 21.
insidior, Bufo, 38, 42, 102, 103, 107,
108.
intermedia, Siren. 6.
intermedius, Bufo, 42.
kallerti, Diemictylus, 15, 107.
Triturus, 15
kelloggi, Bufo, 38, 42, 105, 106.
klauberi, Taricha, 15, 101.
Taricha torosa, 15.
Triturus, 15.
Triturus torosus, 15.
labialis, Cystignathus, 56.
Leptodactylus, 56, 101-103, 4105,
107, 108.
Lacerta maculata, 13.
lacertina, Siren, 6.
lacustris, Ambystoma, 11, 12, 104.
lafrentzi, Hyla, 78, 84, 103-108.
lateralis, Bufo, 45.
laticeps, Eleutherodactylus, 59, 63, 108.
Hyla regilla, 82.
Hylodes, 63.
Spelerpes, 29, 30.
latodactylus, Syrrhophus, 46, 50, 51, 104,
106.
latrans, Eleutherodactylus, 59, 63, 102,
106.
Lithodytes, 63.
lavae, Bolitoglossa, 32.
Chiropterotriton, 31, 32, 107.
leonard-schultzei, Hyla, 80,"87, 103.
leorae, Rhyacosiredon, 8, 9, 104, 106.
leprosa, Bolitoglossa, 28.
Pseudoeurycea, 26, 28, 103-107.
leprosus, Oedipus, 28.
Spelerpes, 28.
leprus, Syrrhophus, 50, 51, 105, 107.
114
Leptodactylidae, 36, 46.
Leptodactylus, 46, 55.
albilabris, 56.
caliginosus, 57.
labialis, 56, 101-103, 105, 107, 108.
Leptodactylus melanonotus, 56, 57, 102—
108
occidentalis, 56, 106, 107.
typhonia, 55.
lermaensis, Siredon, 7, 8, 104.
leucophyllata, Hyla, 84.
leucopus, Batrachoseps, 19. ;
Batrachoseps attenuatus, 19,101.
Leuiperus mexicanus, 62.
levifrons, Bufo, 40.
lichenoides, Siredon, 10.
lichenosa, Hyla, 75.
lineatissimus, Microbatrachylus, 46,
53, 54, 105.
lineola, Oedipina, 21, 107.
lineolus, Oedipina, 21.
Oedipus, 21.
Spelerpes, 21.
Lithodytes latrans, 63.
rhodopis, 66.
Liuperus nitidus, 48.
Liyla rugulosa, 65.
longipes, Batrachila, 57, 61.
Hleutherodactylus, 58, 61.
loquax, Hyla, 78, 79, 84, 102.
ludricus, Piscis, 8.
lugubris, Aneides, 20.
Aneides lugubris, 20, 101.
Salamandra, 20.
Lusus aquarum, 8.
macdougalli, Eleutherodactylus, 60, 66,
105.
macrinii, Bolitoglossa, 22.
Magnadigita, 21, 22, 105.
Oedipus, 22.
macrotympanum, Tomodactylus, 47, 48,
104, 106.
maculata, Axolotes, 13.
Lacerta, 13.
maculatum, Ambystoma, 10.
maculatus, Hypopachus, 94, 95, 102.
Magnadigita, 18, 21.
macrinii, 21, 22, 105.
nigroflavescens, 21, 22, 102.
sulcata, 21, 22.
Malachylodes, 49.
guttilatus, 49, 51.
manni, Oedipus, 30.
Pseudoeurycea cephalica, 26, 30,
103.
marina, Rana, 37.
marinus, Bufo, 41.
marmoreus, Bufo, 39, 45, 102-107.
marnockii, Syrrhophus, 49.
martinicensis, Eleutherodactylus, 57.
Hylodes, 57.
matudai, Eleutherodactylus, 58, 59, 64,
2
102.
Plectrohyla, 73, 102.
BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
mavortium, Ambystoma tigrinum, 10,
13
mazatlanensis, Bufo, 38, 43, 106, 107.
Microhyla, 92, 107.
Meantes, 5.
megapoda, Rana, 97, 100, 104.
melancholicus, Anaxyrus, 37, 40.
melanomma, Hyla, 81, 89, 103.
melanomolga, Bolitoglossa, 27.
Pseudoeuryeea, 25, 27, 106, 107.
melanomolge, Pseudoeurycea, 27.
melanonotus, Cystignathus, 57.
Leptodactylus, 56, 57, 102-108.
meridionalis, Diemictylus, 15, 107.
Diamictylus miniatus, 15.
Triturus, 15.
mexicana, Bolitoglossa, 22, 24, 26.
Dermophis, 4.
mexicanum, Engystoma, 93.
Siredon, 7, 103, 104.
Spelerpes, 24.
mexicanus, Borborocoetes, 62.
Bufo, 40.
Dermophis, 4.
Dermophis mexicanus, 4, 102,"105,
107.
Eleutherodactylus, 59, 62, 105,7108.
Gymnopis mexicanus, 4.
Gyrinus, 7.
Leuiperus, 62.
Oedipus, 25.
Siphonops, 4.
Microbatrachylus, 46, 53, 59.
albolabris, 58, 54, 102, 103,7108.
hobartsmithi, 538, 55, 104.
imitator, 53, 55, 102.
lineatissimus, 46, 53, 54, 105.
minimus, 53, 54, 102, 198, 108.
montanus, 58, 54, 102.
oaxacae, 53, 54, 105.
pygmaeus, 53, 55, 102, 103, 105,
108
microcephala, Hyla, 85.
Microhyla, 92.
achatina, 92.
elegans, 92, 93, 102, 108.
mazatlanensis, 92, 107.
olivacea, 92, 93, 1038, 107.
usta, 94.
usta gadovii, 92, 94, 102, 106.
usta usta, 92, 93, 103, 104, 107, 108.
Microhylidae, 91.
Microhylinae, 92.
Microphryne, 47.
microtis, Cystignathus, 57.
Hyla, 90.
minimus, Microbatrachylus, 53, 54,°102,
103,
Spelerpes, 17.
miotympanum, Hyla, 82, 85, 90, 102-
106, 108.
modesta, Acrodytes, 74.
modestus, Acrodytes, 74, 102.
Syrrhophus, 49, 50, 102.
monksiae, Bufo, 43.
INDEX
115
montanus, Microbatrachylus, 53, 54, 102. | Oedipus multidentata, 32.
montezumae, Rana, 97, 99, 101,
104, 106.
moreleti, Bolitoglossa, 23, 24, 102.
cee eayelnis, 71, 102, 105, 107,
Miyls, 71)
Phyllomedusa, 71.
mosaueri, Chiropterotriton, 31, 32, 104.
Oedipus, 32.
multidentata, Bolitoglossa, 32.
Chiropterotriton, 31, 32, 104, 106.
Oedipus, 32.
multidentatus, Oedipus, 30.
multiplicata, Gymnopis, 5.
‘multiplicatus, Scaphiopus, 35, 36, 101,
103-108.
Scaphiopus hammondii, 36.
muricolor, Hyla, 76.
mystaceus, Syrrhophus, 65.
103,
nana, Hyla, 85.
natator, Eleutherodactylus, 60, 65, 105,
108.
nattereri, Eupemphix, 47.
nayaritensis, Bufo, 39, 44, 105.
nebulifer, Bufo, 45.
nebulosus, Syrrhophus, 49, 51, 102, 107.
nettingi, Siren intermedia, 6, 107.
nigroflavescens, Bolitoglossa, 21, 22.
Magnadigita, 21, 22, 102.
nigromaculata, Bolitoglossa, 29.
Pseudoeurycea, 26, 29, 107.
nigropunctata, Hyla, 75.
nigroreticulatus, Hypopachus cuneus,
95, 96, 102, 108.
nitidus, Liuperus, 48.
Tomodactylus, 48, 103, 105-107.
norisovalis, Thorius, 17, 18, 105.
oaxacae, Gymnopis multiplicata, 5, 102,
Microbatrachylus, 53, 54, 105.
occidentalis, Bolitoglossa, 22, 23, 102.
Bufo, 43.
Eleutherodactylus, 58, 62, 102, 104,
105, 108.
Leptodactylus, 56, 106, 107.
occipitalis, Bufo, 44.
Oedipina, 19, 21.
lineola, 21, 107.
lineolus, 21.
uniformis, 21.
Oedipus altamontanus, 28.
bellii, 26.
cephalicus, 29.
chiropterus, 32.
flaviventris, 24.
gadovii, 27.
giganteus, 27.
leprosus, 28.
lineolus, 21.
macrinii, 22.
manni, 30.
mexicanus, 26.
mosaueri, 32.
multidentatus, 30.
orizabensis, 29.
platydactylus, 24, 26.
robertsi, 28.
rufescens, 23.
salvinii, 24.
smithi, 28.
sulcatus, 28.
townsendi, 20.
variegatus, 23.
olivacea, Gastrophryne, 93.
Microhyla, 92, 93, 103, 107.
olivaceum, Engystoma, 93.
omiltemana, Rana, 98.
Opisthocoela, 33, 34.
Opisthodelphys ovifera, 70.
orculus, Spelerpes, 32.
ordinaria, Ambystoma, 13.
ordinarium, Ambystoma, 10, 13, 104.
orizabensis, Oedipus, 29.
Spelerpes, 29.
ovifera, Opisthodelphys, 70.
ovis, Hypopachus, 95, 96, 103-105.
oxyrrhinus, Hypopachus, 95, 96, 103
104, 107.
pachyderma, Hyla, 80, 86, 108.
palmipes, Pohlia, 96.
Rana, 96-98, 102, 105-108.
Paludicola pustulosa, 47.
Parvimolge, 18, 20.
townsendi, 20.
Pelobatidae, 34.
pennatribus, Thorius, 17.
pennatulus, Thorius, 16, 17, 18, 107.
perlaevis, Cystignathus, 57.
perplexus, Bufo, 39, 45, 102, 1038, 105.
petasatus, Pharyngodon, 70.
Triprion, 70, 108.
petersi, Engystomops, 47.
phaeota, Hyla, 80, 88.
Pharyngodon, 70.
petasatus, 70.
phlebodes, Hyla, 85.
Phyllobates eystignathoides, 52.
verruculatus, 52.
Phyllomedusa dacnicolor, 71, 72.
helenae, 72.
moreletii, 71.
picta, Hyla, 79, 85, 106-108.
Hylella, 85.
pinorum, Hyla, 80, 87, 103.
pipiens, Rana, 1, 97, 98, 101-108.
pipilans, Syrrhophus, 49, 50, 103, 105.
pisciformis, Siren, 7.
Piscis ludricus, 8.
platycephala, Hylella, 76. ; 7
platydactyla, Bolitoglossa, 23,°103, 105-
107.
platydactylus, Oedipus, 24, 26.
Salamandra, 22, 23, 26.
Plectrohyla, 68, 73.
crassa, 86.
“Form b,” 73.
116
Plectrohyla guatemalensis, 73.
matudai, 73, 102.
sagorum, 73, 102.
Plethodon croceater, 19.
glutinosus, 16.
Plethodontidae, 1, 16.
Plethodontinae, 16, 18.
Plethodontoidea, 5, 16.
plicata, Hyla, 81, 88.
plicatus, Hylodes, 66.
Pohlia, 96.
palmipes, 96.
pricei, Gymnopis, 5.
Procoela, 33, 36.
proserpina, Ambystoma, 14.
proserpine, Ambystoma, 14.
Ambystoma tigrinum, 11, 14.
Pseudoeurycea, 19, 25.
altamontana, 26, 28, 104, 105.
bellii, 25, 26, 103-107.
cephalica cephalica, 26, 29, 104-107.
cephalica manni, 26, 30, 103.
cephalica rubrimembris, 26, 30, 103
cochranae, 26, 28, 105.
gadovii, 25, 27, 106, 107.
galeanae, 26, 29, 105.
gigantea, 25, 27, 103, 106, 107.
leprosa, 26, 28, 103-107.
melanomolga, 25, 27, 106, 107.
melanomolge, 27.
nigromaculata, 26, 29, 107.
robertsi, 26, 28, 104.
smithi, 25, 28, 105.
unguidentis, 25, 27, 105.
Pternohyla, 67, 70.
fodiens, 70, 71, 102, 104, 106, 107.
Ptychohyla, 68, 91.
Ptychohyla adipoventris, 91, 103.
pulmonaris, Thorius, 16, 17, 105.
punctatum, Spelerpes, 24.
punctatus, Bufo, 39, 46, 102, 103, 105-
107.
pustulosa, Paludicola, 47.
Rana, 97, 98, 103, 105, 107.
pustulosus, Engystomops, 47, 101, 102,
105, 107.
ygmaeus, Microbatrachylus, 53, 55,
102, 103, 105, 108.
Rana, 96, 97.
adtrila, 99.
aurora draytoni, 97, 99, 101.
bufo, 37.
catesbeiana, 98, 100, 105, 107.
draytoni, 99.
forreri, 98.
gryllus, 77.
marina, 37.
megapoda, 97, 100, 104.
montezumae, 97, 99, 101, 103, 104,
106.
montezumae concolor, 99.
omiltemana, 98.
palmipes, 96-98, 102, 105-108.
pipiens, 1, 97, 98, 101-108.
BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Rana pustulosa, 97, 98, 103, 105, 107.
sierramadrensis, 97, 98, 103.
tarahumarae, 97, 100, 102, 104, 107.
temporaria, 96.
trilobata, 98.
typhonia, 55.
typhonius, 55.
Rana venulosa, 74.
Ranidae, 91, 196.
Raninae, 96.
rectifrenis, Scaphiopus, 35.
regilla, Hyla, 77, 78, 82, 101.
Hyliola, 77
reticulata, Diaglena, 69.
Rhinophryne dorsalis, 34, 105.
Rhinophrynidae, 34.
Rhinophrynus, 38, 34.
dorsalis, 34, 101, 102, 106, 108.
rostratus, 34.
rhodopis, Eleutherodactylus, 60, 66, 102,
105-108.
Lithodytes, 66.
Rhyacosiredon, 6, 8.
altamirani, 8, 9, 103, 104.
leorae, 8, 9, 104, 106.
rivularis, 8, 9, 104.
zempoalaensis, 6, 8, 9, 104.
richardsi, Hyla, 79, 85, 90, 108.
rivularis, Rhyacosiredon, 8, 9, 104.
robertmertensi, Hyla, 79, 84, 85, 102.
robertsi, Oedipus, 28.
Pseudoeurycea, 26, 28, 104,
robertsorum, Hyla, 80, 87, 104.
robustofemora, Hyla, 80, 86, 106.
rosaceum, Ambystoma, 6, th: 13, 102.
rostratus, Rhinophrynus, "34,
rozellae, Hyla, 79, 86, 102.
rubrimaculata, Syrrhophus, 49, 50.
rubrimaculatus, Syrrhophus, 102.
rubrimembris; Bolitoglossa cephalica, 30.
Pseudoeurycea cephalica, 26, 30,
103.
rudis, Hyla, 71.
rafesennsiy Holitoglores, 22, 23, 102, 105—
10
Oedipus, 23.
rugulosa, Liyla, 65.
rugulosus, Eleutherodactylus,
102, 103, 105, 106.
rugosum, Engystoma, 92, 93.
60, 65,
sagorum, Plectrohyla, 73, 102.
Salamandra lugubris, 20.
platydactylus, 22, 23, 26.
tigrina, 11.
togata, 24.
variegata, 23.
Salamandridae, 14.
Salamandrina attenuata, 19.
Salamandroidea, 5, 14.
Salientia, 3, 33.
sallaei, Hylodes, 66.
saltator, Eleutherodactylus, 59, 63, 103.
salvinii, Oedipus, 24.
Spelerpes, 24.
j
1
INDEX 117
Scaphiopus, 35.
bombifrons, 35.
couchii, 35, 101, 102, 105-108.
dugesii, 36.
permondt 35, 36, 101, 102, 105,
hammondii multiplicatus, 36.
holbrookii, 35.
Scaphiopus multiplicatus, 35, 36, 101,
103-108.
rectifrenis, 35.
solitarius, 35.
varians, 35.
schmidti, Ambystoma, 10, 13, 104.
Seytopis, 74.
hebes, 74.
seebachii, Hypopachus, 94.
sierramadrensis, Rana, 97, 98, 103.
simus, Bufo, 38, 42, 102-108.
Siphonops mexicanus, 4.
Siredon, 6, 7.
axolotl, 7.
dumerilii, 7.
harlanii, 13.
humboldtii, 8.
lermaensis, 7, 8, 104.
lichenoides, 10.
lichenoides alba, 7.
mexicanum, 7, 103, 104.
tigrina, 11.
Siren, 6.
intermedia, 6.
intermedia nettingi, 6, 107.
lacertina, 6.
pisciformis, 7.
Sirenidae, 5.
Sirenodon, 10.
lichenoides, 10.
smaragdina, Hyla, 81, 90, 104.
Smilisca, 68, 75.
baudinii, 76.
baudinii baudinii, 75, 102-108.
daulinia, 75, 76.
smithi, Bolitoglossa, 28.
Hyla, 79, 85, 103-106.
Oedipus, 28.
Pseudoeurycea, 25, 28, 105.
smithii, Syrrhophus, 49, 51.
solitarius, Scaphiopus, 35.
spatulata, Diaglena, 69.
spatulatus, Eleutherodactylus, 58, 61,
108
Triprion, 69.
Spea, 35.
hammondii, 36.
speciosus, Bufo, 40.
Spelerpes belli, 26.
cephalicus, 29.
chiropterus, 32.
gibbicaudus, 29.
(Oedipus) infuscatus, 21.
laticeps, 29, 30.
leprosus, 28.
lineolus, 21.
Spelerpes mexicanum, 24.
minimus, 17,
orculus, 32.
orizabensis, 29.
punctatum, 24.
salvinii, 24.
suleatum, 22.
variegata, 24.
variegatus, 23.
yucatanicus, 25.
_ (Oedipus) yucatanus, 25.
ee Acrodytes, 74, 75, 102, 105—
Hyla, 75.
pater Hyla, 81, 88, 102-104, 106—
sternosignatus, Bufo, 45.
subsalsum, Ambystoma, 11, 106.
subviolacea, Ambystoma, 10.
sulcata, Magnadigita, 21, 22.
suleatum, Spelerpes, 22.
sulcatus, Oedipus, 28.
sumichrasti, Exerodonta, 76.
Hylella, 76, 105.
Syrrhaphus, 49.
Syrrhophus, 46, 49.
campi, 50, 52, 106, 107.
cystignathoides, 50, 52, 106, 108.
guttilatus, 49, 51, 103, 106.
latodactylus, 46, 50, 51, 104, 106.
leprus, 50, 51, 105, 107.
marnockii, 49.
modestus, 49, 50, 102.
mystaceus, 65.
nebulosus, 49, 51, 102, 107.
pipilans, 49, 50, 103, 105.
rubrimaculata, 49, 50.
rubrimaculatus, 102.
smithi, 49, 51.
verrucipes, 50, 52, 104.
verruculatus, 50, 52, 104, 106, 108.
Syrrhopus, 49.
taeniopus, Hyla, 81, 89, 90, 108.
bara ete Rana, 97, 100, 102, 104,
tarahumaraensis, Eleutherodactylus, 59,
64, 102, 107.
Taricha, 14.
granulosus, 14.
klauberi, 15, 101.
torosa klauberi, 15.
temporaria, Rana, 96.
tenera, Hylella, 76.
terrestris, Bolitoglossa, 33.
Bufo, 41.
Chiropterotriton, 31, 33, 104.
Thoriidae, 16.
Thoriinae, 16.
Thorius, 16.
dubitus, 17, 106, 107.
narisovalis, 17, 18, 105.
pennatribus, 17.
118
Thorius pennatulus, Le 107.
pulmonaris, 16, 17,
troglodytes, 17. 18, 106, 107.
tigrina, Salamandra, it.
Siredon, 11.
tigrinum, Ambystoma, 10, 11, 14.
togata, Salamandra, 24.
Tomodactylus, 46, 47.
albolabris, 48, 103.
amulae, 47, 48, 103, 105.
angustidigitorum, 47, 48, 103, 104.
macrotympanum, 47, 48, 104, 106.
nitidus, 48, 103, 105-107.
torosus, Triton, 14.
townsendi, Bolitoglossa, 20.
Oedipus, 20.
Parvimolge, 20.
trachypus, Bufo, 44.
trilobata, Rana, 98.
Triprion, 67, 70.
petasatus, 70, 108.
spatulatus, 69.
Triton torosus, 14.
Triturus kallerti, 15.
klauberi, 15.
torosus klauberi, 15.
meridionalis, 15.
troglodytes, Thorius, 17, 18, 106, 107.
typhonia, Leptodactylus, 55.
Rana, 55.
typhonius, Rana, 55.
underwoodi, Hyla, 79, 85, 102, 103, 108.
unguidentis, Bolitoglossa, 27.
Pseudoeurycea, 25, 27, 105.
uniformis, Oedipina, 21.
usta, Gastrophryne, 93.
Microhyla, 94.
Microhyla usta, 92, 93, 103, 104,
107, 108.
ustum, Engystoma, 93.
BULLETIN 194, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
valliceps, Bufo, 39, 44, 101, 102, 104—
108
vanvlietii, Hyla, 76.
varians, Scaphiopus, 35.
variegata, Geotriton, 23.
Salamandra, 23.
Spelerpes, 24.
variegatus, Oedipus, 23.
Spelerpes, 23.
variolosum, Engystoma, 94.
velasci, Ambystoma, 11, 103, 104, 106.
Ambystoma tigrinum, 11, 12.
venulosa, Hyla, 74, 75.
Rana, 74.
venustus, Eleutherodactylus,
102, 108.
Hylodes, 66.
verrucipes, Syrrhophus, 50, 52, 104.
verruculatus, Phyllobates, 52.
Syrrhophus, 50, 52, 104, 106, 108.
viridescens, Diemictylus, 15.
viridis, Hyila, ite
viridissima, Centrolenella, 68, 69, 103.
vocalis, Eleutherodactylus, 59, 64, 104.
vulgaris, Bufo, 37.
60, 66,
woodhousii, Bufo, 40.
Bufo woodhousii, 37, 40, 101-103,
107.
wrightorum, Hyla, 78, 84, 102.
xolocalcae, Bolitoglossa, 33.
Chiropterotriton, 31, 33, 102.
yucatana, Bolitoglossa, 23, 25, 108.
yucatanicus, Spelerpes, 25.
yucatanus, Spelerpes (Oedipus), 25.
zempoalaenisis, Rhyacosiredon, 6, 8, 9,
104.
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