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PHILOSOPHY. 


Berkeley’s Life and Works, by Prof. Fraser, 4 vols., 
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Philosophical Classics, by Prof. Fr aser, 
Plato's Theaetetus, by Campbell, : 
Aristotle’s De Anima, by Wallace, 
Locke’s Essay, 
Locke, ΠΣ ΤΣ Classics, 
Hume’s Human Nature, by Selby Bio ooe 
Wallace’s Logic of Hegel, 
Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, 
Schwegler’s History of Philosophy, : 
Seth’s Hegelianism and Personality, 
Lotze, Metaphysics 2 vols., . 
Plato's Protagoras, Bohn’s Translation, 
᾿ς Republic, by Davies and V aughan, 
Grant’s Aristotle, Ethics, 2 vols., 
Spinoza’ s Ethics, 9 vols. , 
Hegel’s Philosophy of the State, 
Reid’s Works, by Hamilton, 2 vols., 
Kant’s Metaphysics of Ethics, 
Sidgwick’s Methods of Ethics, 
Green’s Prolegomena to Ethics, 
Herbert Spencer’s Justice, 
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LITERATURE. 


Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Poetics, 

Quintilian’s Institutes, 2 vols., 

Bacon's Advancement ‘of Learning, by Aldis W right, 
Bain’s Composition and Rhetoric, 2 vols., : 
De Quincey’s Rhetoric, by Prof. Masson, 

Milton, edited by Prof. Masson, 

Guest's English Rhythms, 

Wordsworth's Poems and Prose Prefac es, 

Ten Brink’s Early English Literature, : 
Stopford Brooke’s Karly Enclish Liter: ature, 2 vols. ; 
Ward’s English Dramatic Liter ature, 2 v ols. 5 : 
Craik’s English Prose, 4 vols., each, . : 
Saintsbury’s Elizabethan Literature, 

Gosse's Eighteenth Century Literature, 

Ward’s English Poets, 4 vols., 

Irving’s Scottish Poetry, 

Dowden's Shakespeare, 

Milton’s Areopagitica, by H ales, 

Herrick Poems, : 

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NATURAL Bites 1.0 


Blaikie’s Dynamics, 
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Tait’s Properties of Matter, 


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Herschell’s Astronomy, 
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Ὗ oung’ s General Astronomy, 
Main’s Practical and Spherical Astr onomy,, 
Brunnow’s Astronomy, 


Loaic AN D PSYCHOLOGY. 


Locke’s Essay, 
Fraser’s Locke, Philosophical Classics 8, 
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Hume’s Human Underst: unding, by Selby- -Bigge, 
Calderwood’s Hand-book of Moral Philosophy, 


Butler’s Sermons on Human ase by Kilpatrick, 
Mill’s Utilitarianism, . 


Sidgwick’s History of Ethics, 
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Laurie's Institutes of Education, . 

ἐς Language and Linguistic Method, 

Comenius, 

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;; Conduct of the Understé unding, 
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Gardiner’s Students’ History of England, 
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Baldwin Brown’s The Fine Arts, > 
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Parker's Introduction to Gothic Architecture, 
Paris’ Ancient Sculpture, 

Poynter's Classic and Italian Painting, 


JAMES THIN, Publisher to the University, 


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BOOKS FOR M.A. EXAMINATION. 


CLASSICS. 


Horace, Odes, by Page, 

Vergil, ’Mneid VI. and. VIII. δ each, 
Juyenal, by Hardy, 

Tacitus, Bo ctorics. Book I by Simcox, 
Cicero, Philippics, Book 11., by Mayor, 
Homer, Odyssey, Book ΠΣ by Merry, 
Aeschylus Prometheus Vinctus, by Watson, 
Aristotle’s Ethics, Book IV., 

Acts of the Apostles, Cambr idge Greek Te ets, 
Arnold’s Latin Prose, by Bradley, 
Sidgwick’s Greek Prose Composition, 

King and Cookson’s Greek and Latin Philology : 
Clark’s Manual of Linguistics, : 
Roman Literature, Cruttwell 

Roman Literature Primer, Wilkins, . 
Greek Literature, Jevons, 

Greek Literature Primer, Jebb, 

Roman History, Pelham, 

Greek History, Oman, : 

Jebb’s Introduction to Homer, : 
Butcher and Lang’s Homer’s Odyssey, 


ENGLISH. 


Morris’ Historical Outlines of English Accidence, 
Morley’s History of English Literature, 

Hallam’s Literature of Europe, 

Chaucer, The Knight’s Tale, with Notes, 
Spenser, Faerie Queene, Book I., with Notes, 
Milton's Comus, 5 ἣν 
Bacon's Essays, an τ 
Dryden's Essay of Dramatic Poesy, ,, ae 
Thomson’s Seasons, 


Burke’s Thoughts on the Present Discontents, with Notes, 


Shelley’s Adonais, with Notes, 

M. Arnold’s Selected Poems, 

Shakespeare's Twelfth Night, 
A King Lear, 


MATHEMATICS. 


Brook Smith's Arithmetic, 
Wilson’s Plane Geometry, 
Solid Geometry and Conic Sections, 
Chrystal’ s Algebra, Part 1., : 
τς Part Ties 
Todhunter's Trigonometry, . 
Smith's Conic Sections, 
ἐς Solid Geometry, 
Macdonald's Higher Geometr y> 


JAMES THIN, Publisher to the University, 


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Specimen of Kelly’s Keys to the Classics. From Cesar's Gallic War. By J. B. Owcan, 
* All Gaul is divided into three parts, of which the Belge inhabit one, the Aquitani another, 
those who in their own language are called Celts, in ours, Gauls, a third. All these differ 
among themselves in language, institutions, laws.” 
Kelly’s Latin Keys. s. d, Ξ Kelly’s Greek Keys. 
Cesar de Bello Gallico (Books 1 to 4) . pha against Cresiphon . Ὁ: 
Cesar de Bello Gallico (Books 5, 6, 7) ἜΣ A Eee 
Cesar's Gallic War (Complete) ξ 6 “Fac ἡ“ 18: Sal against Thebes . 
Cesar de Bello Civili (Books 1 and 2). SOHULUS SS ΒΘ 


SAE: | Aristophanes’ Clouds 
‘ ot de ὦ elt = Ἂ 
Be. bd “posite et de Amicitia Ν᾿ | Aristophanes’ Wasps, Frogs, each 


aa 
SADMRORSSSSOTZAABDORAGDAASIASASS eocoacooosoo& 


nn! 
Roe eee ee? 


Cicero in Verrem.  Actio Prima . ὃ pena ene pilipplcs ws 
Ciceroin Verrem. Actio Secunda | Demosthenes ΘΕΊΑΣ a 
Cicero in Verrem. Act 2, Chap. 4. , 


| Demosthenes against Leptines  . ° 

Demosthenes’ Pro Phormione and 
Contra Cononem , 

Euripides’ Hecuba and Medea, each 

Euripides’ Phoenisse and Aleestis, each 

Euripides’ ton and Hercules Furens, ea. 

Euripides’ Troades 7 A cs 

| Euripides’ Iphigenia in Aulis 

Euripides’ Bacchae and Andromache, ea. 

Euripides’ Heraclidae and Hippolytus, ea. 

Euripides’ Iphigenia in Tauris, 

Herodotus (Books 5 and 6) 

Homer's lliad (1 to 4), (5 to 8), each ᾿ 

Homer's Lliad (9 to 12), (18 to 16), each 

Homer's Lliad (17 to 20), (21 to 24) each 

Homer's Odyssey (Books 1 to 6) . 

Homer's Odyssey (Books 7 to 12). 

| Homer's Odyssey (Books 13 to 18) 

¢ | Homer's Odyssey (Books 19 to 24) 

¢ | Homer's Odyssey (Complete) 

/socrates' Panegyric 

0. Lucian’s Dialogues. 

0 | Plato. Socrates & Crito, with the Phado 

¢| Plato. Euthyphro and. Laches . 4 

0. Plato. ‘‘Ton.” : 

g | Plato. The Republic (Book Sy es 


(De Signis) . 
Cicero against Catiline and Pr Ὁ Balbo, ea. 
Cicero Pro Milone and Pro Murena, each 
Cicero (Lege Manilia) (Pro Archia) each 
Cicero's Divinatio (against Q. Cecilius) 
Cicero on the Nature of the Gods 
Cicero Pro Roscio Amerino . ; 
Cicero Pro Cluentio and Pro Sestio, each 
Cicero Pro Marcello ‘ : 
Cicero Pro Plancio 
Cornelius Nepos 
Eutropius . 
Horace (Complete) : 
Horace (Satires and Epistles) 
Horace (Odes, Epodes) . 
Juvenal's Satires 
Livy (Books 1 and 2, and Book 3), ea ach 
Livy (Books 1 to 3), ‘and (4 and 5), each 
Livy (Books 4, 5, 6, and 7), each . 
Livy (Book 21), and (Book 22), each 
Livy (Books 23, 24, and 31), each 
Ovid's Fasti (Books 1 to 3) . 5 
Ovid's Fasti (Books 4, 5, and 6) 
Ovid's Fasti (Complete) Ρ 
Ovid's Hervides (Epistles 1 to 13) 
Ovid's ex Ponto (Books 1 and 2) . 


Ὁ Θὺ δὺ Θ Φὺ δὺ δὺ δὺ Θ δὺ Φ Φ ὁὺ δὺ δὺ δὴ σὺ δὺ 


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Sy es fp ICIS ROTI SY ee ΣΉ ΣΉ ΞΡ ΞΗΣΞ 


2 hocles' (dipus Tyrannus 0 
Ovid's ex Ponto (Books 3 and 4) . 6. Sop ' di ι 
Ovid's Metamorphoses (Books 1 to 3) . 6 Son hoe ΣΙ Poe and Ajax, each ; 
Ovid's Metamorphoses (Books 4 and 5) 6 δορ θα: Coe ; Ε p 
Ovid's Metamorphoses (Books 11 and 12) 6 hd re es rapt ᾧ 
Ovid's Metamorphoses (Book 13). ¢ Thucydides (Book 1) 
Ovid's Tristia (Books 1 and 2) 6. Thucydides (Books 2, 3, 4, and 7), each 6 
Ovid's Tristia (Book 3) . : 0 Xenophon's Anabasis (Books 1 to 3) 6 
Plautus’ Menxchmi, Trinummus, ‘each 6 Xenophon's Anabasis (Books 4 and 5). 6 
Sallust's Catiline . τ Xenophon's Anabasis (Books 6 and 7) . 6 
Sallust’s Jugurtha Xenophon’s Anabasis (Complete) Ἢ 6 

: Xenophon's Hellenics (Books 1 to 3) 

ΒΟ ΗΒΕΒ Histonies (Complete) | and (Books 4and 5),each . Dy} 
Tacitus’ Annals, Books 4 to 6 Xenophon's Cyropxdia (Books 1, 2 2, 3) 2 0 


Tacitus’ Annals. (Books 1 to 6) 

Tacitus’ Histories (Books 1,3, and 4), each 
Tacitus’ Germany and Agr icola 5 
Terence's Adelphi and Phormio, each . 
Terence's Heautontimorumenos 


Xenophon’s Cyropxdia (Books 7 and μὴ 
Xenophon’s Agesilaus . 
Xenophon's (Economicus 


Kelly’s Keys to the Foreign eee 


Nnwnwy 
[- 


0 
6 
0 
6 
( 
6 Xenophon's Cyropzdia (Books 4, 5, 6) 
6 
6 
6 
6 


2 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
Tacitus’ Annals, Books 1 to3 : 3 : 
2 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 6. Corneille's Cinna and Le Cid, each 
1 
1 
1 
2 
1 


Terence’s Andria . δ ; 
Virgil's Bucolics and Georgics C 6 Corneille’ s Horace and Polyeucte, each 1 6 
Virgil's Zneid (Books 1 to 6) θ᾽ Klees Die Deutschen Heldensagen . 2 6 
Virgil's neid (Books 7 to 12) 6  Moliere’s Le Malade Imaginaire . « WG 
Virgil’s Whole Works . ᾿ a i osper areas cole +, Wea 2 ῃ 
Book 1, com letely arse acine's 1alie and Esther, eac : 
1 aga 3 ᾿ Racine’s Vhédre and Iphigénie, eCacheenens 
i Souvestre’'s Un Philosophe sousles Toits 2 6 
Also Cornish’sInterlinear Word | Xavier de Maistre, La Jeune Siberienne 

for Word Keys. | and Le Lepreux dela Cité d’Aoste . 1 6 


Loxpox: JAMES CORNISH & SONS, 297 Hic Horporn 
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DR GILES’S KEYS JO THE CLASSICS. 


Translated Word for Word with the Text, 


Give the exact construing of the Greek and Latin Classics, as they are construed at the 
Universities and Public Schools. 


Specimen of Dr Giles’s Keys to the Classics. 
From VirGiL’s ANEID, Books I.—IV. 
Cano 1 sing arma arms virwmque and the man qui who primus first, profugus a wanderer 
fato by fate venit came ab orts from the shores Trojae of Troy Jtaliam to Italy Lavinaque 
littora and the Lavinian shores. 


Latin. 5. ἢ: Greek—continued. s. d. 
Cesar's Gallic War, Books 1 to 4 6 | Aschylus, Agamemnon, Choephorus, 
Cesar's Gallic War, Books 5 to7 6 | and Eumenides . : 


Euripides’ Pheenisse and Medea 
6 | Euripides’ Hecuba and Orestes 
0 Homer's Iliad, Books 1 to 6 . 


Cesar's Callic War, complete, paper 
Cesar's Gallic War, complete, cloth 
Cicero on Old Age and Friendship 
Cicero's Orations, vol. 1. Lege Manilia, Homer's iad, Books 7 to 12 
Archias, Rabirius and Sulla Homer's Iliad, Books 18 to 15 
Cicero's Orations, vol. 2. Against Homer's Iliad, Books 16 to 18 


to Gr Or bd bo 
—) 


τῷ 
συ 


Catiline 6 | Homer's Iliad, Books 19 to 21 
Cicero's Nature of the Gods, Part I. 6 | Homer's Iliad, Books 22 to 24 
Cornelius Nepos . Ξ ο : Homer's Odyssey, Books 1 to 6 


Horace’s Odes and Epodes 

Horace's Satires, Epistles, ἄς 

Horace, complete in L vol. 

Juvenal and Persius's Satires 

Livy's History, Books 21 and 22 

Ovid's Metamorphoses, Books 1 to 4 
Plautus’ Trinummus and Miles Gloriosus 
Sal/ust’s War of Catiline . : 
Sallust's Jugurthine War 

Tacitus’ Germany and Agricola 


Homer's Odyssey, Books 7 to 12 . 
Homer's Odyssey, Books 13 to 18 . 
Homer's Odyssey, Books 19 to 24 
Longinus on the Sublime 

Pindar's Odes, Nemeans and Isthmians 
Plato's Apology of Socrates and Crito 
Xenophon's Anabasis, Books 1 and 2 . 
Xenophon's Anabasis, Books 3, 4, and 5 3 
Xenophon's Anabasis, Books6and7 . 2 
Xenophon's Memorabilia, Books 1 and 


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AOAODOARARPSCSCSCSAARARARAASS 


BO NS ND NS NS bb tS bs οὐ Cr tw τὸ Go tt 


Φ0 Φ: δὺ Θὺ δὺ σὺ δὺ δὺ δὺ δὺ Οὺ δὺ δ᾽ ὅδ Φουσ ΘΟ 


Terence’s Andria and Eunuchus . | 2and Books 3 and 4, each : 2 6 
Terence's Adelphi and Self-Tormentor | The New Testament, complete i in2vols,21 0 
Terence's Phormio and Hecyra | : 
Virgil's Bucolics and Georgies | Parts to be had separately, as follows :— 
Virgil's Aneid, Books 1 to 4 δ | St Matthew, St Mark, St Luke, St Jom 
Virgil's neid, Books 5 to 8 : eee each . Ὁ) ἢ. 
Virgil's ©neid, ΒΟΟΚΒ 9 1015... 2 The Four Gospels in 1 vol., cloth. .10 6 
Virgil, complete in 1 vol., cloth . . 10 The Acts of the Apostles. 2 6 
St Paul's Epistles—Romans to Corin- 
Greek. ν thians ; 2 6 
Aristotle's Ethics, Books1to5 . . 3 δ᾽ St Paul's Epistles—Galatians to Hebrews 2 6 
Aschylus' Prometheus, Suppliants, | The General Epistles and Revelation 
Perse, and Seven against Thebes . 3 0| ofStJohn. . . . . . 2 6 


London: JAMES CorNIsH & Sons, 297 High Holborn, W.C. 
Edinburgh: OLIVER ἃ ake and JAMES THIN, 


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Smith’s Solid Geometry, 

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»> _ Ancient and Modern Geometry of Conics, 
Minchin’s Statics, 2 vols, : : ὃ 
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as Integral BS 
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Thomson and Tait’s Natural Philosophy, 
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Deschanel’s Natural P hilosophy ἢ 
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JAMES THIN, Publisher to the Universita: 


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JAMES THIN, Bookseller and Publisher to 


t 


2 2 Ofor£l 
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the University, 


Cash Price 


omooco°omoos loo oe oo ~Wo ok =) 


Οὐ σὺ δὺ Φ οὺ ορῶθοοςς φΡῬοοῦςφο oooaon ΦΘ Θ οὐ δὺ Οὐ 5» σὺ 


54 ἃ 55 South Bridge, 14 ἃ 15 Infirmary Street, and 1 & 2 Lindsay Place. 


- EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CLASS BOOKS 


Cash Price. 
B@TANY.—Vines’ Text Book of Botany, . £015 0 for £011 38 
Scott’s Structural Botany, : OS Gas 2 8 
Prantl and Vines’ Botany, OF OF 0S 6 9 
Bower and Vines’ Practical Botany, 0.10. Gre; 8 0 
Strasburger’s Botany, . ; 0. 9: ὃ 6 9 
Fothergill’s Botanical Types, . σῶν 5 ΠΤ 
Hooker’s Student’s Flora, 010 6 ὦ 8 0 
Maealpine’s Histological Botany, ΟΣ 1 6 
Maenab’s Botany, 2 parts, each, OL 6G |; 1 2 
Cook’s Structural Botany, : ; ΜΕ ΟΣ 0 9 
Guide to the Botanic Gardens, ᾿ 55 6 
NATURAL HISTORY.—Prof. Cossar Ewart’s Class Syllabus, 6 
Prof. Cossar Ewart’s Syllabus of the See 10 0 
Fothergill’s Zoological Types, . ΐ οὔ 9 
Thompson’s Zoology, : ORD au Oa: NL 
Macalister’s Vertebrates and Invertebrates, each, OP aesG ss 2 
M‘Alpine’s Zoological Atlas, Vertebrates, . OFLOR Gs: 
Invertebrates, OF 3 0 5 
Marshall & Hurst’s Practical ZOolee ys 0 10:76," 55 
Parker’s Biology, : 010. 6-5; 
Howe’s Atlas of Biology, 5 οὐ τς 1 
Smith and Norwell’s Illustrations, Olas Gin ss 
PHYSICS.—Blaikie’s Dynamics, 0,5. 6ζ.-:; 1 
Daniels’ Physics, 0. 4 6 5; 
Peddie’s Physics, 0.7 Ὁ ἘΣ 


Wilson's Notes on Physics, : . i yi 


ANATOMY.—Prof, Turner’s Anatomy, 
Gray’s Anatomy, Thirteenth Kdition, 
Quain’s Anatomy, Vol. I. Pt. I. , Embryology, 


μι 
τιν δὺ σὺ ὦ οὐ συ ὦ συ.ιο WOIWD HOWDDAUGAHrHWON O 


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μι mM OMDNOT Οὺ σὺ τὸ τὸ "Ὁ Οοὦ Ὁ τῷ Ὁ σὺ σὺ 


5 Vol. I. Pt. ike General, 1 3 
ra Vol. II. Pt. I. > Osteology, = 
. Vol. If. Pt. I. , Myology, &e., 1 i. 1 
Ἂ Vol. IL. Pt. I., Spinal Cord, dy a3 


τ Vol, III. Pt. ΤΠ: The Nerves, 
ἣν Vol. IIL. Pt. III., The Senses, 


WUOARWOMOOSO COAGDeH AMOOCOCOS 


τ᾿ Vol, III. Pt. TV. sSplanchnology, Ἢ 1 
ἢ Appendix, ΜῈ 
PRACTICAL ANATOMY.—Heath’s Went cue 1 ΕἼ 1a 
Cunningham’s Anatomy, 2 vols., : 3 19 
Ellis’ Demonstrations, . : 1 3 9 
Holden’s Osteology, 1 12 


Cunningham’s Dissector, Upper and Lower Limb, 
Owen’s Anatomy for Senior Students, 
Smith’s Atlas of Anatomy, 


CHEMISTRY.— Prof, Crum Brown’s Ghaelstey, 5 
Prof. Crum Brown’s Reactions of Salts, 
Dobbin and Walker’s Chemical Theory, 
Dobbin’s Arithmetical Exercises in Chemistry, 
Dittmar’s Analytical Chemistry, 

Bloxam’s Chemistry, . 

Wurtz’s Elements of Modern Chemistr v 

Roscoe’s Chemistry, . 

Drinkwater’s Chemical Tables, Ξ 

Milne Murray’s Chemical N otes and Equations, 
interleaved, 


AMES THINK, Bookseller and Publisher to the University, 
54 & 55 South Bridge, 14 & 15 Infirmary Street, and 1 & 2 Lindsay Place. 


μι 


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SROMOMHOHOCHW COMOORMDOW OO 


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CO COCO CFC OHO OCOCOHAD COO COOCOOCOCOOOrHS 


bo bo 


BOOKS FOR LAW STUDENTS. 


SCOTS LAW— Cash Price. 
Erskine’s Principles, : . τι 0) for omen Ὁ 
3ell’s Principles, ΣΌΪ : ἣν ΣῪ 16 
Erskine’s Institutes, 2 vols., 3 4 τὸ Ὁ το 
Rankine’s Law of Land Ow nership, 2 δ᾽ (Oly; Ὁ 
Rankine’s Law of Leases, . Ἢ L120) oeteoaS 
Bell’s Commentaries, 2 vols, ; P 5: 5 19 
Bell’s Law Dictionary, by Watson, 2) 10) “Οὐ .» ὙΠΟ Ὁ 
CONVEYANCING— 
Bell’s Lectures, 2 vols., ᾿ 3) 3. οὐ ον τ Ὁ 
Craigie’s Digest, Moveable Rights, 0! 18, ο΄. Ὁ 
Craigie’ s Digest, Heritable Rights, ΟἿΣ Ὁ ον ὌΝ Ὸ 
Hendry’ s Conveyancing, Ἵ 0 160) Ὁ.» Ὁ  ὺ 
Juridical Styles, Forms of Process, 2) Ὅλ. (0) 
CIVIL LAW— 
Muirhead’s Gaius, . I) “T %O "= oso 
Muirhead’s Roman Law, : Yoo | 0716 Ὁ 
Sandars’s Justinian, : ‘ ©) 1S) Ὁ ORL SO 
Moyle’s Justinian, 2 vols., . I τ π᾿ πη 9 
Corpus Juris, 3 vols., at TAO 
Mackintosh on the Roman Taw of Sale, 0: 10 YO)" 9, (OnsomO 
PUBLIC LAW— 
Lorimer’s Institutes of Law, : ©)15' - σ᾽.» ὌΠ Ὁ 
Lorimer’s Institutes of the Law of 
Nations, 2 vols., . 116 10) τ το 
Westlake’ s Priv ate International Law, 0. 10) Ὁ τ 0 
Lawrence’s International Law, 3 Bar OnIze26 
Hall’s International Law. . ἢ 1:2 δ᾽,» οὐ Ὁ 
Holland’s Jurisprudence, . : 0.10 δ΄. ΠΣ τ 9 
CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY— 
Stubb’s Constitutional History, 3vols., 116 0 ,, I 10 O 
Stubb’s Select Charters, oO 886 "alone ane 
Hallam’s Constitutional History, 3 vols. » ΟΣ On, ΟΝ 
May’s do. do., 3 vols:, 0 18) Ὁ τ οὐ 
Bryce’s American abacus ae 
2A O)Stan I 5 CO ὍΣ 0} Ὁ 
Adam and C unningham’ 5 Swiss Con- 
federation, Ν Ξ 3 0) 1A One " 2 


D’Areste’s Constitutions, 


PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS 
IN MEDICINE, ARTS, AND SCIENCE. 


Mr W. M. LIGHTBODY, B.A. (Lond.), prepares 
Candidates for the above Examinations. 


-Ἥ ρος 


Terms on application. 


15. GILMORE: PLAGE 


Porth Residential Medical College, 


PORTOBELLO, N.B. 


THis College combines a Home and 
Teaching College for Students attending 
the Edinburgh University or Royal 
Colleges. 

Students can join at any part of their 
Course, and can attend Classes for all 
the Medical Examinations (including 
the Preliminary, if necessary), both 
in the College and at the Class Rooms, 


in Edinburgh. 


For Prospectus apply to 
CHARLES FREDERICK KNIGHT, M.D., 


7 CHAMBERS STREET, EDINBURGH. 
5—Front. 


Advertisements. 


SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 
OF THE ROYAL COLLEGES, 
EDINBURGH. 


FOUNDED 1505. 


(ee Lectures qualify for the University or Epinsured and 
other Universities ; the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons 

of Edinburgh, London, and Dublin ;.the Faculty of Physicians and 

Surgeons of Glasgow ; and the other Medical and Public Boards. 


In accordance with the recent Ordinances of the Scottish Univer- 
sities Commission, one-half of the qualifying Classes required for 
Graduation in the University of Edinburgh may be attended in this 
School. The Regulations require that the Fee for any Class, taken 
for Graduation in Edinburgh, shall be the same as that for the 


corresponding Class in the University. 


The whole Education required for Graduation at the UNIveRsrTy 


or Lonpon may be taken in this School. 


This School offers a large choice of Teachers on all subjects in 
the Medical Curriculum. 


Full particulars of the Classes, Fees, &e.,; will be found in the 
Calendar of the School, which can be had gratis on application to 
the Secretary— 


R. N. RAMSAY, 
24 FORREST ROAD, EDINBURGH. 


ROYAL INFIRMARY, EDINBURGH. 


In this Hospital a portion of the beds is set apart for Clinical Instruction by the Professors 
of the University of Edinburgh. Courses of Clinical Medicine and Surgery are also given 
by the Ordinary Physicians and Surgeons. Three Wards are specially set apart for the 
Clinical Instruction of Women Students. Special Instruction is given in the Medical De- 
partment on the Diseases of Women, of the Skin, Physical Diagnosis, &c., and in the Sur- 
gical Department on Diseases of the Eye, the Ear, and the Larynx. Separate Wards are 
devoted to Venereal Diseases, Diseases of Women, Diseases of the Eye; also to cases of 
Incidental Delirium or Insanity. Post-mortem Examinations are conducted in the Ana- 
tomical Theatre by the Pathologists, who also give practical Instruction in Pathological 


Anatomy and Histology. 
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. 


{ Dr GEORGE W. BALFourR. 
Consulting Physicians, ......-......------.0-..eeeee ee Prof.SirDoucLas MACLAGAN. 
Dr CLAuD MvuIRHEAD. 
‘Dr ALEXANDER R. 5ΙΜΡΒΟΝ. 
Fae eGR Clini¢al Medicine, τοι το τος {Ξε ee GRAINGER STEWART: 
Dr W. S. GREENFIELD. 
. Dr JoHN WYLLIE. 
Ordinary Physicians and Lecturers on Clinical! Dr J. O. AFrLeck. 
ΜΓ ΘαΙΟΙῊΘ,.....6 Ὁ ντλλλννενεενεεεεννεεενννεεεελλεεεεενεεεενεενεενεκενενεν Dr ANDREW SMART. 
᾿ | Dr ALEXANDER JAMES. 
aie Cla: and Lecturer on Diseases Peculiar ee Dr J. Hatupay Croom. 
Physician for Diseases of the Skin,...........+---:.eee+ ἜΣ Dr ALLAN JAMIESON. 
(Dr Byrom BRAMWELL. 
Dr Geo. A. GIBSON. 
Dr ALEX. BRUCE. 
Dr R. W. PHILIP. 


Assistant Physicians, «.--+.---::+:::ssessseeecesecereeseetsteees Τὴν  ἘΕΞΞΙΕΣ 
Dr J. Murpocu Brown. 
Dr RALPH STOCKMAN. 
Dr G Lovett GULLAND. 

ἔ ἘΞ ὅ f Dr D. Berry Hart. 
Assistant Physicians for Diseases of Women, seeeseeeee | Dr A. H: FREELAND BARBOUR. 
Assistant Physician for Diseases of the Skin,....... Dr NorMAN WALKER. 
Medical Registrar, ...........ccccessssccccssseececcesseseeseresseenees Dr A. LocKHART GILLESPIE. 


SURGICAL DEP AST MENT. = ie 
; ! - TSON. 
Consulting Surgeons, -.--.---cecsescseeeesesssesseseeenesnenes { Mr Ἡδεξτν BECO. SON 
Consulting Dental Surgeon, ---5Ὁ5Ὁτπτττητετεεενενενενενενενενον Dr JoHN SMITH. 
Regius Professor of Clinical Surgery, ---- Mr ANNANDALE. 
Professor of Surgery, Mr CHIENE. 


Extra Surgeon,.....c--ee Mr Joun Duncan. 

; Mr A. G. MILLER. 
Ordinary; SUTECONE, ...-..-.0-.,..-c.cereeccrsecseeessorssseneerenceees ~ Dr P. H. MacLaren. 

ἢ (Dr C. W. MacGILtivray. 
Extra Ophthalmic Surgeon, «.-----sssscesssesssssersesersess Dr ARGYLL ROBERTSON. 
Z (Mr GeorGeE A. BEerry. 

Ophthalmic Surgeons, πονοοοονοοονοουςοοϑοοοοιοοοοοτοσουσεσοούονσοςος 1Dr ΘΈΘΕΘΕ MACKAY. 
Surgeon to Ear and Throat Department.......-......+ Dr P. McBripE. 


Mr J. M. Correritv. 
Mr CHARLES W. CATHCART. 
Ι Mr Francis M. Carrp. 
Assistant Surgeons, «---::::sssssssccessseseeeeesteeeeeeteeeteeeees ... Mr Hopspon. 
Mr J. Suaw M‘LAREN. 
Mr Davip WALLACE. 
Mr ALEXIS THomson. 
Assistant Ophthalmic Surgeons,...--..+--ssssesssseeseres {pr Wa Ceo es 
Assistant Surgeon to Ear and Throat Department, Dr R. Μ΄ ΚΈΝΖΙΕ Jonnston. 
VOTERS Lahr scocccscs-cvscovcesscces ὁ... ae WILLIAM Guy. 

Ε Mr R. ἘΣ ΟΣ LeIruH. 
Pathologists,. Benn, <occsdagasiasiceseek cess cbstessascseanserdees ὙΠ ΕΝ πες Mune 
BEERICAIOENCLISELAT:«cocccsccscccscccscessscsssesesserecensesecccteces «= Dr Kennetu M. Douctas. 

ἬΟΒΡΙΤΑΙ, TicketTs.—Perpetua! Ticket, in One Payment, £12; Annual Ticket, £6, 6s.: 
Six Months, £4, 4s.; Three Months, 42, 2s.; One Month, £1, 1s. Separate Payments, 


Advertisements. 


ROYAL INFIRMARY, EDINBURGH.—Continued. 

amounting to £12, 12s., entitle the Student to a Perpetual Ticket on return of previous 

Season Tickets. 

Appointments.—No Fees are charged for any Medical or Surgical Appointments in 
obs Hospital, which are as follows :— 

. RESIDENT PHYSICIANS and SURGEONS, who must be registered as legally 
qualified Practitioners, are from time to time appointed by the Managers on the 
recommendation of the Physicians and Surgeons. The holders of these Offices live 
in the House free of Charge. The appointment is for six months, but may be 
renewed at the end of that period by special recommendation. 

SPECIAL NON-RESIDENT CLINICAL CLERKS, who must also be registered 
as legally qualified Practitioners, are appointed by the Managers on the recom- 
sienaution of the Physicians and Surgeons. The appointment is on the same 
terms as that of the Resident Physicians and Surgeons. 

CLERKS and DRESSERS are appointed by the Physicians and Surgeons. These 
appointments are open to all Students and Junior Practitioners holding Hospital 


i} 


w 


Tickets. 
4. ASSISTANTS in the PATHOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT are appointed by the 
Pathologists. WM. 8. CAW, Treasurer and Clerk. 


ENGLISH AND SCOTTISH LAW 


LIFE ASSURANCE ASSOCIATION. 


Established 1839. Capital_ONE MILLION. 


NINE-TENTHS OF LIFE PROFITS divided 
among the ASSURED EVERY FIVE YEARS. 


NEXT DIVISION OF PROFITS AT otst DECEMBER 1900. 


NEW PROSPECTUS (witH New AND ADVANTAGEOUS SCHEMES). 
SPECIAL MINIMUM (Discountep Bonus) PREMIUMS. 
ENLARGEABLE TERM ASSURANCES. 

LOANS. ANNUITIES. PERFECT SECURITY. 


120 PRINCES STREET, EDINBURGH. 


Watter A. Suita, F.F.A., Manager and Decreiaty: 


MR J, ¢C. YOUNG, M.A, OXON., 
Late Senior Classical Master in the Edinburgh Institution, 
Prepares Pupils for the Preliminary Arts and Medical 
Examinations at the Universities, also for the 
Military and Civil Service Examinations. 

Apply at 18 FETTES ROW. 


Advertisements. 


HERIOT-WATT COLLEGE, 
EDINBURGH. 


Governors—THE GOVERNORS OF GEORGE HERIOT’S TRUST. 
Chairman—TueE Ricut Hon. THE LORD PROVOST. 
Chairman of ‘heriot=eWlatt College Committee—Councittor COLSTON. 


Principal—F. GRANT OGILVIE, M.A., B.Sc. 
Professor of Mechanical “Engineering—RICHARD STANFIELD, A.R.S.M., A M.I.C.E. 
Professor of Chemistry—JOHN GIBSON, Pu.D. 
Professor of Physics and Electrical Engineering—FRANCIS G. BAILY, M.A. 
AND UPWARDS OF THIRTY LECTURERS ON SPECIAL SUBJECTS. 


SUBJECTS OF INSTRUCTION. 
1. TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT. 


Arithmetic and Mathematics. Steam and the Steam Engine, 
Theoretical Mechanics. Mechanical Engineering. 

Sound, Light, and Heat. Machine Construction and Drawing. 
Electricity and Magnetism. Geometrical Drawing. 

Electrical Engineering. Building Construction and Drawing. 
Applied Mechanics. Civil Engineering and Surveying. 
Graphical Calculation. Quantity Surveying. 


Chemistry :—InorGanic, AND OnrGaAnic (each Class both Theoretical and Practical). 


Art:—FREEHAND AND Mopet DRAWING, PERSPECTIVE, SHADING FROM THE CAST 
DESIGN, ORNAMENT DECORATION, AND MODELLING IN CLAY. 


Physiography. Watch and Clockmaking. 
Geology. Plumber’s Work. 

Botany. Carpentry and Joinery. 
Zoology. Masonry and Brickwork. 
Physiology. Printing. 

Hygiene. Photography. 
Agriculture. Bread-making. 
Veterinary Science. Cabinetmaking. 
Mensuration. Painters’ Work. 


There are fully equipped Physical, Chemical, and Mechanical and Electrical Engineering 
Laboratories, and Workshops for working in wood and iron. 


11. LITERARY AND COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT. 
English Language and Composi- Shorthand. 


tion. History. 
English Literature. Economics. 
French. Industrial and Commercial 
German. | Geography. 
Spanish. Practice of Commerce. 
Dano-Norwegian. Commercial Law. 
Latin and Greek. Writing and Book-keeping. 


Elocution. Theory of Music. 


EVENING CLASSES—The Class in each subject meets on one or two evenings a 
week. ‘The Session commences in October. Matriculation Fee, 1s. Class Fees in most 
cases, 5s. each class. Full particulars are given in the Ca/endar published early in August. 

DAY CLASSES—Session from October to June. Matriculation Fee, 5s.; Class Fees, 
£1, 1s. to £4, 4s. ‘ull particulars will be found in the Calendar, which will be published 
early in August. 


Advertisements. 


St George's Oral & Correspondence Classes 


For University Examinations and the Direction 
of Home Education. 


TWENTY-SECOND SESSION, 1896-97 (October-June). 


The Committee, in announcing the re-opening of their Oral and 
Correspondence Classes, beg to state that the instruction given will 
include preparation for 

(1) The Preliminary (Entrance) Examination of the Scottish 
Universities (Classes for which open 6th October). 

(2) The Edinburgh University Local Examinations (Classes for 
which open 6th October). 

(3) The LL.A. Examination of St Andrews (Correspondence 
Classes for which open 29th September). 


Students who may not be Candidates for examination, but who desire 
guidance in private study, are admitted to all the Classes. 

Full particulars may be had on application to the SECRETARY, 
5 Melville Street, Edinburgh. 


a el eee ee tie pan 
St George's High School for Girls. 
This School for girls between the ages of seven and eighteen, is under 

the Management of the Committee of the St George’s Classes. It will be 


re-opened on October 6th, 1896. Prospectuses and further information 
on application to Miss M. R. WALKER, 5 Melville Street, Edinburgh. 


St George’s Training College for Women Teachers 
IN SECONDARY AND HIGHER SCHOOLS, AND GOVERNESSES 
IN PRIVATE FAMILIES. 


This College provides a Course of Training in the TuHrory, HistTory, 
and PRAcTICcE of EDUCATION. 

The course, which lasts for nine months, includes attendance at 
Professor Laurie’s Class of Education in the University, and practice in 
class teaching. The college year begins in October. 

FIVE BURSARIES of £30, and ONE BURSARY of £10, are offered 
to Students entering the College in October 1896. 

Forms of Application for admissien, and further particulars, may be 
obtained from the Principat, Miss M. R. WALKER, 5 Melville Street, 
Edinburgh. 


Advertisements. 


hE 
University Preparatory Institute, 
37 CHAMBERS STREET, EDINBURGH. 


Principal—ROBERT A. MACLEOD, 
Aberdeen and Edinburgh Universities. 


Strong Staff of Graduates, L.L.A’s, Specialists, and other experienced Tutors. 


ORAL AND CORRESPONDENCE CLASSES 
AND PRIVATE TUITION 

TO PREPARE LADIES AND GENTLEMEN FOR 
. THE MEDICAL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS. 
. The ARTS and SCIENCE Preliminary Examinations of the 

Scotch Universities. 

The M.A. Degree, The L.L.A. (Women’s Diploma). 
Bursary and Scholarship Competitions, University Locals, 


London Matriculation, General Knowledge, and other 
Public Examinations. 


-- 


bo 


a ὅτ 


= 


Large Number of University and other Bursaries gained, 
including two of £90 each at the last Arts Entrance. 


Over 3000 Students of the Institute have passed at the various Public 
Examinations since 1879. 

References to University Professors, Professional, and other gentlemen 
of position, including parents and guardians of pupils. 


Prosprcr USES AEE 


THE ST ANDREWS L.L.A. GUIDE for 1897, is. 
(From the Institute Office), 
Gives full information about the requirements of the Examination. 


Advertisements. 
PRIZE ΈΘΘΑ 
For Competition by Students in the University 
of Edinburgh. 


The Rev. William David Herald, M.A., Rey. Alexander John Blair Paterson, M.A., 
Rev. John Smith Wilson, M.A., Messrs William Crawford and Richard Stephenson, of 
Duns, in the County of Berwick, Trustees of Gray’s Prize Essay Fund, hereby offer this 
year for competition Two Prizes, of £20 and £to respectively, for the First and Second 
Essays, in the order of Merit, on 


“THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON.” 


In accordance with the Terms ofthe Trust Deed, the Competitors for these Prizes must be 
Students in the University of Edinburgh in this Winter Session (1895-96), who at the 
commencement thereof were not of more than three years’ standing, from their first 
Matriculation in a University Curriculum. Each Essay submitted for Competition must 
have a Motto prefixed to it, and be accompanied with a SEPARATE sealed Envelope, 
bearing this Motto, and having enclosed the Name and Address of the Author ; and these 
must be forwarded to the Secretary on or before the 1st of September next. The length 
of each Essay must not exceed 5,000 words, and the Trustees find it necessary to make this 
restriction an ESSENTIAL condition in the Competition. The decision will be 
announced in the Newspapers in the beginning of November, but if it is judged that none 
of the Essays merit the Prizes offered, the right is reserved of declining to award them, and 
of offering them for future Competition. The successful Essays will be retained as the 
Property of the Trustees. The Sealed Envelope must not be put within an Essay, but 
sent enclosed to the Secretary apart. 


Dons, 11th March 1896. A. J. B. PATERSON, M.A. Secretary. 


TO STUDENTS: 

FOUNTAIN PENS—“ PELICAN,” “SWAN,” “CAW,’ “STYLOGRAPHIC,” &c. 
All requisites and separate parts may also be had. 

TYPEWRITING MACHINES AND MATERIALS (Densmore and Caligraph).— 
Theses or Testimonials typewritten on moderate terms. 

NEO-CYCLOSTYLE apparatus and materials for multiplying copies either 
of manuscript or typewriting. 10 per cent, discount for cash. 

NOTE BOOKS.--Special series, a hundred varieties. A large stock is 
kept of each kind, so that the patterns selected may be got at 
any time, thus enabling students to keep uniform sets. Clinical 
medicine note-books, hospital case-taking books, &c. 

PHYSICIANS’ LEDGERS, visiting lists, prescription books, &c. 

THESIS PAPER.—As prescribed in University regulations. 

SERMON co wae covers and tying material on the new American 
princip e. 

UNIVERSITY CREST STATIONERY and decorative shields, portable black- 
boards, and white and coloure1 blackboard chalks. 


GARDINER BROTHERS, 


UNIVERSITY STATIONERS, 
66 SOUTH BRIDGE & 14 TEVIOT PLACE (Opposite the University). 


Advertisements. 


EDINBURGH MERCHANT COMPANY SCHOOLS. 


ESTABLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF PARLIAMENT. 

W. W. Rosertson, Esq., Master of the Merchant Company, and 
Preses of the Boards of Governors of the undermentioned Educa- 
tional Institutions. 

I.—For Young Ladies. The Edinburgh Ladies’ College, Queen Street. 

Head Master—Rosert Ropertson, M.A., F.R.S.E. 

II.—For Boys. George Watson’s College, The Meadows and Archibald 

Place. Head Master—GrorcGe Ocinvin, M.A., LL.D. 

IlI.—For Young Ladies. (George Watson’s Ladies’ College, George 

Square. Head Master—ALEXANDER THOMSON. 

IV.—For Boys. Daniel Stewart’s College, The Dean. Head Master— 

W. Wattace Duntopr, M.A. 

V.—For Boys and Girls. James Gillespie’s Schools, Gillespie Crescent. 

Head Master—WIL.LIAM JENKINS, M.A., F.E.I.S. 

In the four first Schools Education of the highest class is provided, 
and in the last a sound English Education at moderate fees is given. 

Upwards of £30,000 is paid yearly for Salaries in these schools, so as to 
secure Teachers of the highest position. 

Numerous Bursaries and other advantages are connected with the 

Schools, 

Copies of the Prospectus, containing full details, will be obtained on 
application to Mr Antex. Hrron, S.S.C., Secretary, at the undernoted 
address. 


THE MERCHANTS’ HALL, 
14 HANOVER STREET, EDINBURGH. 


The Medical College for Women, 


20 Chambers Street, Edinburgh. 
(Clinical Instruction in the Royal Infirmary.) 


CiASSES QUALIFY FUR GRADUATION IN EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY. 


HIS COLLEGE was founded and is conducted by the Scottish 
Association for the Medical Education of Women, with the 
special object of affording to Lady Students exactly the same 
facilities for medical study as are offered to Male Students in the 
School of Medicine, Edinburgh. 

The arrangements for Teaching and the Fees charged are similar 
to those of the School of Medicine; so that, generally speaking, 
the regulations of that School may be considered as applicable to the 
Students of the College. 

All the Teachers in the College are duly-qualified Lecturers of the 
School of Medicine. 

The College affords to Ladies desirous of studying Medicine an 
opportunity of prosecuting a complete course of Medical Study ; or of 
attending any individual Class or Classes. 

All the Classes, except those in the Royal Infirmary, are open to 
any Lady who chooses to attend them. 

Intending Students may obtain Prospectuses, and all information, 
on app'ication to the Secretary of the College, Miss Hexen F. 
Mackay, 20 Chambers Street, or to the Clerk of the Association, 
Mr Auec Τὶ Hunter, C.A., 128 George Street. 


Advertisements. 


FOUNDED 1823. 


THE EDINBU ΚΕ 


ASSURANCE COMPANY. 


Incorporated by Special Act of Parliament. 


Head Office—22 GEORGE STREET, EDINBURGH. 


President—Sir GRAHAM GRAHAM MonrGomeEry of Stanhope, Bart. 
Vice-President—The Most Honourable ΤῊΣ Marquis oF Loruran, K.T. 


DIRECTORS. 


H. A. Horson, Esq., Manager, British Linen | Jonn Curyne, Esq., Advocate. 
Co. Bank. GEORGE BARCLAY, Esq. 
JAMES HowpbeEn, Esq., C.A. A. Burn Murpocu, Esq., W.S. 
James Mrtnp, Esq., W.S. Jonn RANKINE, Esq., LL.D., Advocate, Pro- 
Ciaup H. HAmitton, Esq., of Barns. fessor of Scots Law, Edin. University. 
WILLIAM MacGruuivray, Esq., W.S. BENJAMIN HALL Briyta, Esq., Civil Engineer. 
Manager—Guorck M. Low, F.F.A. 
Secretary—ARCHIBALD Hewat, F.F.A., F.1.A. 
Solicitors—MACKENZIE & KERMACK, W.S. Auditor—Wm. R. Myineg, C.A. 
f Sir Dovatas MaAciaGan, M.D. 
\ JAmes O. AFFLECK, M.D. 


Medical Officers— 


GLASGOW OFFICE: 122 ST VINCENT STREET. 


Resident Secretary—D. 8. BUCHANAN. 
DUNDEE OFFICE: 56 COMMERCIAL STREET, 


Resident Secretary—T. TH. FRASER. 


FUNDS, £3,000,000. INCOME, £365,000. 


THE NEW “EDINBURGH -EORIEY 


Combining Insurance and Investment with 


ADVANTAGEOUS GUARANTEED OPTIONS 
AND THE 
EARLY PROVIDENT SCHEME. 


Policies at Half-Rates of Premium. 


Special Prospectuses on Application. 


Claims are paid immediately on Proof of Death and Title. 
POLICIES WORLD-WIDE AND NON -FORFEITABLE,. 


THE 


EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY CALENDAR 


1896-97 


Unw Cal. 
ES 


dll hin 2 


PEN BURGH 


Gnibersity Calendar 


1896-97 


EDINBURGH 


Printed and Published for the Aniversity 
BY JAMES THIN, 55 SOUTH BRIDGE 
SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. 


MDCCCXCVI. 


ΓΒ ΕΑ ἘΣ 


pai EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY CALENDAR 
for the academic year (1st October to ist 
October), published annually in June by 
authority of the Senatus Academicus, contains Synopses 
of the Courses of Lectures delivered by the Professors 
and Lecturers; the Class Prize Lists; the Regula- 
tions and Subjects of Examination for Degrees in 
Arts, Science, Divinity, Law, Medicine, and Music ; 
the papers set for the Preliminary Examinations and 
for the Examinations for Degrees, &c.; the Regu- 
lations for the Schoolmaster’s Diploma and for the 
Certificate of Literate in Arts ; the Annual Graduation 
Lists ; the Bursaries, Prizes, Scholarships, Fellowships, 
and other Endowments of the University ; Benefac- 
tions’ to the University ; Bequests and Donations tn 


1895-96; a statement of the Annual Income and 


1 A full list of the chief Benefactors, with the purposes of their 
benefactions, is given at pages 716-728. 


vi PREFACE, 


Expenditure of the University ; an abstract of the 
proceedings of the University Court from ist May 
1895 zo Ist May 1896; and a list of the Universzty 
Societies. 

The CALENDAR zs Published by JAMES THIN, 
Edinburgh, and may be had through any Bookseller. 
(Price 3s.; by Post 3s. 6d.) 

The List of Members of the GENERAL COUNCIL, 
with their addresses, 1s sold by the same Publisher. 
(Price rs., by post 15. 2a.) 


UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, 
July 1896. 


Contents. 


PAGE 
THE CALENDAR - . . . : . Xili-xvili 
CALENDAR FOR 1897-98 ; x1x 
NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF THE PRINCIPAL ‘AND PROFESSORS XX 
NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF PROFESSORS EMERITI AND RE- 
SIGNED . . . : . χχὶ 
NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF LECTURERS : : : ΧΧΙΪ 
UNIVERSITY OFFICERS ἢ : : ἢ : 1-9 
THE UNIVERSITY— 
Constitution : ‘ é : : : IO 
Chancellor 9 : : : : 5 10 
Vice-Chancellor . : : ξ : : II 
Rector. . : : Ξ II 
Representative in Parliament ᾿ . ς : 12 
University Court . : : ᾿ 12 
University Committee of Privy Council . : : 15 
Curators of Patronage. : : 15 
Representative in General Medical Council : : 16 
Principal . 16 
Senatus Neademicns : : ; : : 17 
Faculties . - ς : : : ‘ 18 
Faculty of Arts. : . : : : 18 
Faculty of Science : : 5 : 5 20 
Faculty of Divinity ὃ ; : 5 : ΟἹ 
Faculty of Τὰν. Ἂ : 5 22 
Faculty of Medicine : : ὃ : δ 23 
Faculty of Music . : ᾿ : 24 
General Council of the University Σ : : 25 
Students’ Representative Council , : : : 26 
Matriculation Ἢ ὁ Ἧ : : 5 27 
Sponsio Academica ; : 28 
Non-Matriculated Extra- Academical Students : : B 
University Entrance Fee for Non-Matriculated Students . 29 
Discipline : . ᾿ . 3 29 
University Examiners for Degrees 5 ᾿ : 30 
Graduation Ceremonials; Precedence . A é τ 
Academic Costume : : δ 5 : 30 


b 


Vill Contents. 


REGULATIONS REGARDING— 
(1) Absence of Professors : ὃ : 
(2) Absence of Examiners A 
(3) Applications for Examinerships : 
(4) Opening of New Classes ; 
(5) Recognition of Extra-Academical Teachers 
UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS 4 
(1) University (Old) Buildings 
Dome. 
(2) University New Buildings 
M‘Ewan Hall. : : 
(3) Reid School of Music. 5 ; 
UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ‘ 
Library Committee 
Librarians 
Regulations relative to "General Management of 
Library Ὁ . : ᾿ . 
Reading Rooms 
THEOLOGICAL LIBRARY 
PORTRAITS AND Busts 
TORRIE FINE ART COLLECTION 
MUSEUMS : 
MUSEUMS ComMITTEE 
RoyaL BoTANIC GARDEN 


I. FACULTY OF ARTS. 


PROGRAMME OF CLASSES, LABORATORIES, FEES, &C. 
CouRSES OF LECTURES 0 A Ἁ 
CLASS PRIZE Lists, 1895-96 . 
REGULATIONS FOR GRADUATION— 

Preliminary Examinations 

Ordinary Degree . 

Degree with Honours 

Boards of Studies . 


. 


the 


Regulations regarding the Instruction and Examination 


of Women 


Regulations for Special Study and Research, and for 


Research Fellows > 


Regulations for Higher Degrees in Arts and. Science 
(D.Sc., D.Phil., and D. Litt.) ᾿ 3 

Joint Board of Examiners for Preliminary Examination : 

Fee, dates of entering, and Time-Table for Preliminary 
Examinations 


Fees and dates of entering for Examinations for M.A 2 &e. 


Time-Table of Examinations for M.A. . 


55 

61 

98 
112-127 
112 
114 
116 
118 


120 
122 


123 
127 


132 
134 
136 


Contents. 


REGULATIONS FOR GRADUATION— 
Ordinary Degree, Outline of Examinations for 1896-97 
Degree with Honours, Do. for 1897 and 1898 
REGULATIONS FOR SCHOOLMASTER’S DIPLOMA : . 
DIPLOMA CONFERRED, 1896 ; ; 
REGULATIONS FOR CERTIFICATE OF LITER. ATE IN ARTS 
(L.A.) : ὃ 
CERTIFICATE CONFERRED, 1896 
RESULT OF COMPETITIVE EXAM. FOR BURSARIES—Honours 
List, October 1895 : 
EXAMINATION PAPERS FOR DEGREES IN 1895- 96 
Preliminary Examin. Papers for Degrees in Arts, Science, 
Law (B.L.), and Music . 4 
| Exam. Papers for First Year Bursaries 
Examination Papers for Ordinary Degree of M. τ 

Do. for Schoolmaster’s Diploma . 

Do. for Degree of M.A. with Honours 
SPONSIO ACADEMICA . : 
GRADUATES IN ARTS Honour Lists, eines 1896 

Graduates in Arts, 1895- "ἢ 
BURSARIES, LIST OF 
PRIZES . . 
SCHOLARSHIPS 
FELLOWSHIPS, ἄς. : : : : : 
FELLOWSHIPS, SCHOLARSHIPS, PRIZES, AND BURSARIES, 
OPEN IN 1896-97. é ‘ 


Il, FACULTY OF SCIENCE. 


PROGRAMME OF CLASSES, &C. 
LABORATORIES, ἃς. 
CouRSES OF LECTURES 
CLAss PRIZE LISTS 
REGULATIONS FOR GRADUATION— 
Preliminary Examination 
I. A, PURE SCIENCE 
Regulations for Special Study and Research, and for 
Research Fellows . 
Regulations for D.Sc. . 
Regulations for Graduation of Women 
Outline of Subjects of Examinations in Pure Science . 
Il. 5. ENGINEERING. : 
Outline of Subjects of Examination 
ΠῚ Ὁ. Pusiric HEALTH . 
Schedules of the Subjects of Examination 
IV. D. AGRICULTURE (Degree of Bachelor only) 
Outline of Subjects of Examination. : : 


x Contents. 


FEES FOR GRADUATION IN SCIENCE AND DATES OF ENTER- 
ING FOR EXAMINATION " 

TIME-TABLE OF EXAMINATIONS IN SCIENCE ἷ 

EXAMINATION PAPERS, Ρ 5 

List oF D.Sc. 

GRADUATES IN SCIENCE, 1895- 96 

FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS, ἅς. 5 

FELLOWSHIPS, SCHOLARSHIPS, &C., OPEN IN 1896- -97 5 


Ill, FACULTY, OF DIVINIEY: 

PROGRAMME OF CLASSES, &C. 
CURRICULUM FOR MINISTRY IN THE CuurcH OF SCOTLAND 
COURSES OF LECTURES : Ξ ᾿ 
CLAss ΡΕΙΖΕ Lists, 1895-96 ; ; 
REGULATIONS FOR GRADUATION IN DIVINITY 
OUTLINE OF SUBJECTS OF EXAMINATION, ae 97 
FEES FOR EXAMINATIONS 5 7 
TIME-TABLE OF EXAMINATIONS 
EXAMINATION PAPERS FOR DEGREE OF B. Ds, 
GRADUATES IN Divinity (B.D.), 1895-96 
HONORARY DEGREE OF DocTor OF DIVINITY 
BURSARIES, PRIZES, SCHOLARSHIPS, &C. 

Do., OPEN IN 1896-97 . : ; 


IV. FACULTY OF LAW. 
PROGRAMME OF CLASSES, &C. . 
COURSES OF LECTURES, &C. 
CLAss ΡΕΙΖΕ Lists, 1895-96 . 
REGULATIONS FOR GRADUATION— 
Degree of Bachelor of Laws (LL. B. ) 
Degree of Bachelor of Law (B.L.) 
Preliminary Examination for B.L. 
Examinations for LL.B. and B.L. 
Fees for LL.B. and B.L. . 5 
Time-Table of Examinations, &c. 
EXAMINATION PAPERS FOR LL.B. AND B.L. 


Ist OF LL.B. ὃ A Ε Ε 

al ΒΡ» A J ᾿ 
DocTor OF LAws, List OF τ : E 
BURSARIES : 5 - . 


SCHOLARSHIPS, &C. 5 
SCHOLARSHIPS, BURSARIES, PRIZES, &c., OpEN IN 1896- 97. 


ν. FACULTY OF MEDICINE. 


PROGRAMME OF CLASSES, &C. . ᾿ 5 - 
MATRICULATION OF STUDENTS 


Contents. 


LABORATORIES 

REGISTRATION OF STUDENTS OF MEDICINE 
ORDER OF STUDY RECOMMENDED 

COURSES OF LECTURES : 

CLAss Prize Lists, 1895-96 


REGULATIONS FOR GRADUATION— 
Preliminary Examination : . 
Period and Course of Professional Education Ξ 504, 6 
Professional Examinations for M.B. and Ch.B., &c. 600, 
Regulations for M.D. A 3 : . 


Regulations for Ch.M. 
Regulations for the Education and. Graduation of Women 
Regulations for Special Study and Research, and for Re- 
search Fellows 
Regulations for Degree of D.Sc. 
Examinations exempting from Preliminary Examination 
Regulations as to Class Examinations 5 
Certificates of Attendance on Classes 
Outline of Subjects for First Professional Examination 
Honours at Professional Examinations 
Sponsio Academica in Medicine : 3 : 
Fees for Graduation : ‘ 5 3 619, 
Time-Table of Examinations, &c. . 620, 
Extra-Academical Teachers recognised by the University ὁ 
Graduation under Old Regulations 
Gold Medallists (M.D.) . . 
M.D., 1895-96 : : : 
Graduates (M.B., C.M.) with Honours 
List of Graduates (M.B., C.M.), 1895-96 . 
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION PAPERS 
PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION PAPERS 
FELLOWSHIPS, ἄς. 
SCHOLARSHIPS ῤ 
BURSARIES 5 : . 
PRIZES 5 : : : : : 
FELLOWSHIPS, SCHOLARSHIPS, BURSARIES, AND PRIZES, 
OPEN IN 1896-97 . : : 


VI. FACULTY OF MUSIC. 


COURSES OF LECTURES 
HISTORICAL CONCERTS 
CLASS PRIZE-LIsSTS 
meee TONS FOR DEGREES IN Music— 
. Bachelor of Music (Mus. Bac.) . 
᾿ Doctor of Music (Mus. Doc.) . : 
SUBJECTS OF PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION . 


xii Contents. 


DATES OF ENTERING FOR EXAMINATIONS AND FOR PAYMENT 


OF FEES . 5 : 


EXAMINATION PAPERS FOR Mus. Bac. 5 ‘ 
SCHOLARSHIP . 5 τι 4 

NEW FOUNDATIONS . 3 : ει 
BENEFACTORS OF THE UNIVERSITY . é 
BEQUESTS AND DONATIONS in 1895-96 A 


ABSTRACT OF ACCOUNTS OF THE UNIVERSITY, 1894- «ὡς 


UNIVERSITY Court—Abstract of Proceedings of, 1895-96 


AP PEN Dice 


I. CrviLt SERVICE OF INDIA F 
11. EXAMINATION OF CANDIDATES FOR THE ARMY 
III. SyLLABUS OF SUBJECTS OF EXAMINATION 


STUDENTS OF DIVINITY 5 ν᾿ : 

IV. EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY UNION ; ᾿ 
V. STATISTICS OF RECTORIAL ELECTIONS . 
VI. RoyaL MEDICAL SOCIETY 3 : 
VIL. INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC COMMITTEE ‘ 


FOR 


VIII. ASSOCIATION FOR THE BETTER ENDOWMENT OF THE 


UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH ; 5 
IX. UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS EXTENSION SCHEME 
X. EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY SOCIETIES AND CLUBS 


XI. REGULATIONS FOR DEGREES IN ARTS, supplementary 
to Ordinances Nos. 11 and 44, which come into 


operation on rst October 1896 . . 


INDEX . 5 : 


PAGE 


704 
708 


713 


714 
716 
726 
729 
749 


754 
754 


75 
756 

756 
757 
757 


757 
758 
759 


766 


767 


1806. 

Ocha 1. hur: 
προ el 
aay cose uit, 
15: s\fon’. 
τ 765: 
ΠΥ hur. 
ΕΠ τὴ: at. 
πὸ: Mion. 
20: Τὰ. 
"206: Mon. 
"27. Les. 
20: Eri. 


Qniversity Calendar. 


ANNUS ACADEMICUS begins. 

First day for payment of MATRICULATION fee. 

Practical Anatomy and Public Health Laboratory 
Courses begin. 

Annual Inspection of Library. All books to be 
returned before this date. Library closed for 
lending till 8th. . 

Last day for Names of Candidates for Degrees in 
Arts and Science, for B.L. Preliminary on M.A. 
Standard, for L.A. Certificate, and for First Year 
Law Bursaries, to be given in, Certificates shown, 
and Fees paid. 

Examinations for M.A., L.A., and for B.L. Pre- 
liminary on M.A, Standard begin. See Time- 
Table, page 136. 

Examinations for Degrees in Science begin. See 
Time-Table, page 426. 

Meeting of University Court at 4 P.M. 

CLASSES IN THE FACULTIES OF ARTS, SCIENCE, 
AND MEDICINE OPEN. 

Last day for entering Names for Second and Third 
Year Bursaries in Law. 

Last day for Names of Candidates for B.D. to be 
given in, Certificates shown, and Fees paid. 

CLASSES IN FACULTY OF LAW OPEN. 

Meeting of Senatus Academicus at 2 P.M.; Stand- 
ing Committees to be appointed. 

CLASSES IN FACULTY OF MUSIC OPEN. 

Last day for Names of Candidates for Examinations 
for Degrees in Law to be given in, Certificates 
shown, and Fees paid. 

Examinations for B.D. begin. See Time-Table, 
page 482. 

Examinations for Degrees in Law begin, See 
Time-Table, page 521. 

CLASSES IN FACULTY OF DIVINITY OPEN. 

Meeting of General Council at 3 o’clock. 


Feb. 


3) 
37 


March 1. 


ΤῸ. 


Mon. 
Mon. 
Date 


Mon. 


Fri. 


Tues. 


University Calendar. 


Examinations for Divinity Bursaries begin. 

Certificates for Bursaries in Arts granted by Deans. 

Fellowships, Scholarships, Bursaries, paid by Factor. 

Meeting of University Court at 4 P.M. 

Meeting of Senatus Academicus at 2 P.M. 

Registration of Members of General Council for 
Register of 1897 ends. 

Meeting of Senatus at 2 P.M. :— 
(1) Election of Managers for Royal Infirmary. 
(2) Report to Widows’ Fund. 

Meeting of University Court at 4 P.M. 

Classes meet for last time before Christmas Vacation. 

Library, Reading Room, and University Offices 
open from 10 A.M. to I P.M. till 5th January. 
Closed on Saturdays. Reading Room, New 
Buildings, closed. 

CHRISTMAS DAY. 


HOLIDAY. 

Classes meet after Christmas Vacation. 

Meeting of University Court at 4 P.M. 

Appointment of Examiners. 

Meeting of University Court for hearing Registra- 
tion Appeals (if any) at 4 P.M. 

Meeting of Senatus Academicus at 2 P.M. :— 

(1) Annual Report on University Library to be 
given in. 

(2) Names for Honorary Degrees to be proposed. 

(3) Arrangements for Winter and Summer Ses- 
sions, 1897-98. 

Holiday in Faculty of Arts. 

Meeting of University Court at 4 P.M. 

Meeting of Senatus Academicus at 2 P.M. :— 

(1) Report on Honorary Degrees in Divinity and 
Law. 

(2) Resolution to Elect Member of General As- 
sembly. 

Last day for Names for Preliminary Examination to 
be given in, and Fees paid. 

Last day for Names of Candidates for Degrees in 
Arts and Law, for Schoolmaster’s Diploma, 
for Literate in Arts, and for 4.L. Preliminary on 
M.A. Standard to be given in, and Fees paid. 

Last day for Names for First Professional Examina- 
tion in Medicine, and for Examinations for 
Degrees in Science to be given in, and Fees paid. 


19. 


20. 


22. 


23. 
24. 


25. 


26. 


27. 


Wed. 


Mon. 


Sat. 
Mon. 


Tues. 


Wed. 


Thurs. 


Sat. 


University Calendar. XV 


Last day for Names for Examinations for Degree 
in Music to be given in, Certificates shown, and 
Fees paid. 

Meeting of University Court. 

Last day for Names of Candidates for Scholarships 
in Arts and Science to be intimated. 

Last day for Names for Second Professional Ex- 
amination in Medicine to be given in, and Fees 

aid. 

Ee amniniations for M.A., for L.A., and for Degrees 
in Law begin. See Time-Tables, pages 136 and 
521. 

CLASSES IN FACULTIES OF DIVINITY, LAW, AND 
MEDICINE CLOSE. 

Certificates for First Professional Examination to be 
examined. . 

Practical Chemistry Examinations for Degrees in 
Arts, Science, and Medicine begin. 

First Professional examination in Medicine, B.Sc. 
Examinations, and Science Subjects for M.A. 
begin. See Time-Tables, pages 136, 426, 620, 
636. 

Last day for Names to be given in, Certificates 
shown, and Fees paid for B.D. Examinations. 
First Professional and Arts and Science Oral Ex- 

aminations begin. 

Certificates for Second Professional Examination 
to be examined. 

Examinations for Degrees in Music begin. See 
Time-Table, page 704. 

Last day for Names for Third Professional Examin- 
ation in Medicine (New Regulations) to be given 
in, and Fees paid. 

CLASSES IN THE FACULTIES OF ARTS AND 
SCIENCE CLOSE. 

Preliminary Examinations begin. See Time-Table, 
page 134. 

Examinations for M.A. with Honours and _ for 
Scholarships begin. See Time-Table, page 
137. 

Second Professional Examinations begin. See 
Time-Tables, pages 621, 636. 

Meeting of Senatus Academicus at 2 P.M. :— 

(1) Member of Assembly to be elected. 
(2) Acceptances of Honorary Degrees. 
Second Professional Oral Examinations begin. 


XVi 
1897. 
Mar. 27. 
5 etch 
Apri 2 
” 3. 
" 610. 
Syme te 
3) 13. 
>» 14. 
penal Se 
5 10. 
xy 19. 
a 20: 
᾽} 30. 
May 4 
σ΄ 
»» 17. 
ἘΞ γϑ, 
sa. υ20.ὕ 
Pez: 
June 14 
eel 
᾽» 23. 
3) 25: 
July 7. 


Sat. 


Tues. 


Fri. 


Sat. 
Sat. 


Mon. 


Tues. 


University Calendar. 


Certificates for M.A. Examinations in April to be 
shown before I P.M. 
B.D. Examinations begin. See Time-Table, page 


482. 

Certificates for Third Professional Examination to 
be examined. 

Third Professional Examinations (New Regulations) 
begin. See Time-Table, page 621. 

Third Professional Oral Examinations begin. 

GRADUATION CEREMONIAL IN DIVINITY, LAW, 
ARTS, AND SCIENCE, AT 10 A.M. COMMEMOR- 
ATION SERVICE IN ST GILES’S AT 12. Meeting 
of Senatus at 9.30 A.M. 

Meeting of University Court at 4 P.M. Senatus 
Office open from 10 to 1 till ist May. Closed on 
Saturdays. 

Meeting of University General Council at 3 P.M. 

Names of Candidates for Final Exam. in Medicine 
to be given in, Certificates shown, and Fees 
paid. 


Wed. ΝΟΣ ποι for Final Exam, to be examined. 


Thur. { 


Fri. 
Mon. 
Tues. 


Fri. 
Tues. 
Wed. 


Mon. 
Tues. 
Thur. 
Fri. 

Mon. 
Mon. 


Wed. 


Fri. 
Wed. 


GOOD FRIDAY. Ho.ipay. 

Edinburgh holiday. 

University Library and Reading Room, in New 
Buildings, open from 10 A.M. to I P.M. till 26th 
April. Closed on Saturdays. 

Last day for giving in Theses and paying Fees for 
M.D., D.Sc., D.Litt., and D.Phil. 

SUMMER SESSION OPENS. Clinical Medicine 
Exams. begin. 

LAW CLASSES OPEN. 

Meeting of University Court at 4 P.M. 

Fellowships, Scholarships, Bursaries, paid by 
Factor. 

Hoiipay. General Assembly meets. 

Meeting of Senatus Academicus at 3 P.M. 

Meeting of University Court at 4 P.M. 

Final Prof. Written Exam. in Med. begins. See 
Time-Table, page 622. 

Final Prof. Oral Exams. begin. 

Clinical Surgery Exam. begins. 

Meeting of Senatus Academicus at 3 P.M. 

Last day for Names to be entered and Fees paid for 
Candidates for Clinical Examinations only for 
M.D. 


20. 


21. 


1 


leu 


Wed. 


Fri. 
Sat. 


Mon. 


Tu. 


Wed. 


Fri. 
Mon. 


Wed. 


University Calendar. XVII 


Last day for Names of Candidates for Examinations 
for Degrees in Arts and Science, and for First 
Professional Examination in Medicine to be given 
in, and Fees paid. 

Meeting of University Court at 4 P.M. 

Last day for Names of Candidates for Second Pro- 
fessional Examination to be given in, and Fees 

aid. 

Scan SESSION ENDS. Certificates for First Pro- 
fessional and Arts and Science Examinations to 
be examined. 

Practical Chemistry Examination for Degrees in 
Arts, Science, and Medicine begins. 

Examinations for Degrees in Arts (Dept. of Science), 
for Degrees in Science, and First Professional 
Examination in Medicine begin. Seé Time-Tables, 
pages 138, 426, 620, 636. 

Names of Candidates for Third Professional Ex- 
amination in Medicine (New Regulations) to be 
given in, and Fees paid. 

Oral Examinations for Degrees in Arts, Science, 
First Professional in Medicine and Clinical Medi- 
cine Examination for M.D. begin. Second Pro- 
fessional Examination Certificates to be examined. 

Second Professional Examination in Medicine 
begins. See Time-Tables, pages 621, 636, 

Second Professional Examination Oral Examina- 
tion begins. 

Third Professional Examination Certificates to be 
examined, 

Third Professional Examination begins. See Time- 
Table, pages 621 and 637. 

Third Professional Oral Examination begins. 

Meeting of Senatus Academicus at 3 P.M.: Candi- 
dates for Degrees in Arts to be approved. 

GRADUATION CEREMONIAL IN LAW, MEDICINE, 
AND SCIENCE AT 10 a.m. Meeting of Senatus 
at 9.30 A.M. 

Library open from 10 A.M. to I P.M. till Tues- 
day, Ist September. Closed on Saturdays, 
Reading Room, New Buildings, closed during 
same period. 

University Offices open from Io to 1 till 1st October. 
Closed on Saturdays. 

Reading Room in University New Buildings open 
from 10 to 1 till ist October. Closed on Saturdays. 


XVili University Calendar. 


1897. 
Sept. 17. Fn Last day for Names of Candidates for Preliminary 

Examinations to be given in and Fees paid. 
Last day for entering for University Bursaries in 
the Faculties of Arts and Science. 

», 20, Mon. Edinburgh Holiday. 

»» 24. Fri. Preliminary and Bursary Examinations may begin. 
Time-Tables will be given in CALENDAR for 
1897-8, and in the Regulations issued separately. 


Calendar for the Academic Pear 1897-98. 


OCTOBER 1897. 


| NOVEMBER 1897. 


DECEMBER 1897. 


9 5. 1017. 24.311 7 TA, 21..28} (sip ANS Koz) 
Mire, AnIT 18 25 ΜΡ 1 22. 29) VE Ὁ 151 20.217 
Ma 5 12 19 26 ΠΣ HOR) 23-307) 1 7 14 21 28 
W 6132027 ἮΝ 193. 10-17 24 Wer: 8 1 22. 20 
ΠῚ 11.791 28 Th 4 11 18 25 ΠΣ Ὁ τὸ 23. 50 
ete 15.22 20. | Fr 512 19 26 Fr 310° 17 24 31 
Θα 20 16:23 30 Sa 6713 20 27 Sal 4 ΠΕ 1.8. 25+ 
JANUARY 1898. | FEBRUARY 1898. MARCH 1898. 
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1 Christmas. 


2 Holiday in Faculty of Arts. 


4 Edinburgh Holiday. 


3 Good Friday. 


ΧΧ Addresses of the Principal and Professors. 


ADDRESSES OF THE PRINCIPAL, PROFESSORS, 
EMERITI AND RESIGNED PROFESSORS, AND 
UNIVERSITY LECTURERS. 


I.—PRINCIPAL AND PROFESSORS. 


Principal Sir William Muir, Dean Park House. 
Professor Annandale, 34 Charlotte Square. 
τὴ Armstrong, The University. 
τ Baldwin Brown, 20 Lansdowne Crescent. 
x Bayley Balfour, Inverleith House. 
Ἐ Crum Brown, 8 Belgrave Crescent. 
= Butcher, 27 Palmerston Place. 
55 Calderwood, Craigrowan, 7 Napier Road, Merchiston. 
7 Charteris, Cameron House, Dalkeith Road. 
" Chiene, 26 Charlotte Square. 
᾿ Chrystal, 5 Belgrave Crescent. 
An Copeland, The Observatory, Blackford Hill. 
᾿ Eggeling, 15 Hatton Place, Grange. 
FS Ewart, Penicuik. 
nf Flint, Johnstone Lodge, Craigmillar Park. 
+, Fraser, 13 Drumsheugh Gardens. 
x Geikie, 31 Merchiston Avenue. 
4; Sir Ludovic Grant, Bart., 29 India Street. 
3 Greenfield, 7 Heriot Row. 
Ὁ Hardie, 4 Chalmers Crescent. 
ἐν Kennedy, 9 Fountainhall Road. 
7 Kirkpatrick, 5 Murrayfield. 
"ὃ Laurie, Nairne Lodge, Duddingston. 
τ᾿ Mackinnon, 9 Merchiston Place. 
Mackintosh, 2 Drummond Place. 
᾿ Sir Douglas Maclagan, 28 Heriot Row. 
‘3 Nicholson, Eden Lodge, Newbattle Terrace. 
τ: Niecks, 22 Dick Place. 
Prothero, 2 Eton Terrace. 
Rankine, 23 Ainslie Place. 
i Rutherford, 14 Douglas Crescent. 
9 Saintsbury, Murrayfield House. 


Addresses of Professors. xxl 


Professor Seth, 16 Church Hill. 
5 Simpson, 52 Queen Street. 
᾿ Sir Thomas Grainger Stewart, 19 Charlotte Square. 
a Tait, 38 George Square. 
» . Taylor, 6 Greenhill Park. 
5 Sir Wm. Turner, 6 Eton Terrace. 
5 Wallace, 5 Mansfield Place. 
Τ Wood, 16 Buckingham Terrace. 
I].—PROFESSORS EMERITI. 

George James Allman, LL.D., M.D., formerly Professor of 
Natural History ; Ardmore, Parkstone, Dorset. 

Alexander Campbell Fraser, D.C.L., LL.D., formerly Professor of 
Logic and Metaphysics ; Gorton, Hawthornden, Midlothian. 

Norman Macpherson, LL.D., formerly Professor of Scots Law ; 
6 Buckingham Terrace. 

David Masson, LL.D., formerly Professor of Rhetoric and 
English Literature, Gowanlea, Juniper Green, Midlothian. 

Sir Herbert Stanley Oakeley, D.C.L., LL.D., Mus. D., formerly 
Professor of Music; 16 Suffolk Street, London, S.W. 

Charles Piazzi Smyth, LL.D., formerly Professor of Practical 
Astronomy ; Clova, Ripon. 

II1I.—PROFESSORS RESIGNED. 

Theodor Aufrecht, M.A., Ph.D., formerly Professor of Sanskrit ; 
The University, Bonn. 

Sir Archibald Geikie, LL.D., formerly Professor of Geology ; 
Museum of Geology, Jermyn Street, London. 

Sir Joseph Lister, Bart., LL.D., M.D., formerly Professor of 
Clinical Surgery; 12 Park Crescent, Portland Place, 
London, W. 

ZEneas James George Mackay, LL.D., Sheriff of Fife, Advocate, 
formerly Professor of History ; 7 Albyn Place, Edinburgh. 

Right Hon. Lord Playfair, LL.D., formerly Professor of 
Chemistry; 68 Onslow Gardens, South Kensington, 
London. 

Robert Wallace, D.D., M.P., formerly Professor of Church 
History ; 50 Finborough Road, London, S.W. 


ΧΧΙΪ Addresses of the University Lecturers. 


IV.—UNIVERSITY LECTURERS. 


Andrew P. Aitken, D.Sc., 57 Great King Street. 

Colonel F. Bailey, R.E., 7 Drummond Place. 

J. Beard, D.Sc., Ph.D., 93 Comely Bank Avenue. 

George A. Berry, M.B., C.M., 31 Drumsheugh Gardens. 

G. W. Burnet, M.A., B.L., 46 Northumberland Street. 

Edmond W. Carlier, M.D., 39 Morningside Drive. 

James Carmichael, M.D., 22 Northumberland Street. 

Thomas S. Clouston, M.D., Tipperlinn House, Morningside 
Place. 

John James Cook, M.A., LL.B., 42 Northumberland Street. 

Leonard Dobbin, Ph.D., 7 Cobden Road. 

Charles Douglas, M.A., D.Sc., 12 Bruntsfield Crescent. 

John Smith Flett, M.A., B.Sc., M.B., C.M. 

William Fream, LL.D., B.Sc., The Vinery, Downton, Salisbury. 

Robert P. Hardie, M.A., 4 Chalmers Crescent. 

David Hepburn, M.D., 5 Marchhall Crescent. 

Francis Robert Jamieson, M.A., 9 Duncan Street. 

Walter Hume Kerr, M.A., B.Sc., Viewfield, Juniper Green. 

Cargill G. Knott, M.A., D.Sc., 42 Upper Gray Street. 

Hugh Macmillan, D.D., LL.D. (Gunning Lecturer). 

Hugh Marshall, D.Sc., 131 Warrender Park Road. 

Robert Muir, M.D., 20 Hartington Place. 

William Peddie, D.Sc., 2 Cameron Park. 

John Playfair, M.D., 5 Melville Crescent. 

Charles Sarolea, Ph.D., D.Litt., 5 Blantyre Terrace. 

Otto Schlapp, 146 Morningside Road. 

William Cameron Sillar, M.B., B.Sc., 46 George Square. 

G. Gregory Smith, M.A., University. 

William G. Smith, B.Sc., Ph.D., Royal Botanic Gardens. 

Professor Tiele, Leyden (Gifford Lecturer in Natural Theology). 

Alexander Douglas Thomson, M.A., 86 Marchmont Road. 

Charles Tweedie, M.A., B.Sc., University. 


Qnibversity Otticers. 


—— () —— 


Date of 
Institution. (Chancellor, Appointed 
1859. Ricut. Hon. ARTHUR JAMES BALFOUR, M.P., D.C.L., 
ἐπ δδν σού ες δος ἘΣ ΡΥ «ere rerstelelovcleve's 1801 
Vice-Chancellor. 
1859. Sir WILLIAM MUIR, K.C.S.I., D.C.L., LL.D., Ph.D......... 1885 
Rector, 
1859. Tue Ricut Hon. J. P. B. ROBERTSON, LL.D., Lord Justice- 
Gere tell ον ςος au atetereLaven storsieseisiclsicicfeioiezeiaioveteusioueieuate ie suelo ΠΌΣΟΝ 1893 
Principal. 
1582. Sir WILLIAM MUIR, K.C:S.1., D-C.L., LL.D., Ph.D.....ccce0s 1885 
Representative in Parliament. 
1868. Sir WILLIAM OVEREND PRIESTLEY, K.B., M.D., LL.D. 1896 
Ὁ 
University Court, 
President—THE RECTOR, £x officio. 
EPSP RINCIPA TL sc). .).00% 000 soasagod Lx officio, 
Rr. Hon. ANDREW M‘DONALD, 


Lord Provost of Edinburgh.. 
ZENEAS J. G. MACKAY, ΤΣ D. 


hee officio. 


‘h Assessor, nominated by Chancellor... 1891 


PNCVOCALCrccessssccscscnscssececescocscesesescss 
SON Toro STORMONTH} Do. nominated by Rector......... 1887 
JAMES COLSTON Mencaccccnvsceusscssensesee Do. elected by Town Council.. 1886 
oe ΨΑΊΒΟΝ, Do. elected by General Council 1887 
J. HOPE FINLAY, W.S..... Do. do. do. 1893 
A. TAYLOR INNES, M.A., Advocate. Do. do. do. 1893 
ΠΠΕΡΕ PELL, ee Ee Do. do. do. 1895 
SIR IAM T 52 MBS. 

D.C.L., LL.D., Professor seas Do. elected by Senatus ........+00 1889 
ALEXANDER CRUM BROWN,? D d a 

M.D., D.Sc., Professor of Chemistrys Ο: ὃς oe 1889 
SAMUEL HENRY BUTCHER, D d d 

LL.D., Litt.D., Professor of Greek... ὃς ο; ο. 1891 
HENRY CALDERWOOD, LL.D., \ D d d 

Professor of Moral Philosophy...... f 9: ὩΣ ὡς 1802 


Secretary—Proressor TAYLOR, D.D. 
Factor and Law Agent— Henry ‘Coox, W.S. 
Auditor—TuHomas Go.LpiE Dickson, C.A. 
Clerk—Tuomas GILBERT. 

Assistant Clerk—James Dowie. 
Secretary’s ClerkK—GeEorGE CaMPBELL. 


A 


University Officers—Curators—Senatus. 


Lurators of Patronage. 


SUPEuEee 
PRINCIPAL SIR WILLIAM rSOnn Elected by University Court . 1887 
Ricut Hon. J. P. B. ROBERT 
ree Lord ee aoe το τος rt Elected by do. 1896 
PERCE HERON WATSON ME) mcalty ee 
Rr. Hox. ANDREW M‘DONALD Ἶ Elected by Town Council 1895 
MearAGProvostecensccrescncavancssseseescsevcsanes 
Str THOS. CLARK, Bart. .. Elected by do. 1886 
SE fe ALEXANDER RUSSELL, Elected by AG x89r 
GEO. AULDJO JAMIESON, CA... lected by do. 1892 


Secretary—R. HERBERT JOHNST ON, W.S., 66 Frederick Street. 


Vins 
Senatus Academicus. 


President—Tue PrIncIPAL. Secretary—Proressor KIRKPATRICK. 


FACULTY OF ARTS. 
Dean—-Professor Curystat, LL.D. 


Date of 
Institution. Chairs. Professors. Appointed. Patrons. 
1760 Rhetoricand English Gero. Sainrspury, M.A. 1895 Crown. 
Literature f Lds. of Ses., Cur., 
1.823 ἘΠ Π ΘΠ GY ss<:cscascooccsnnrs ΑΜ Ross Harvie, 18954 Fac. οἵ Adv., 
M.A \ and W.S. Soc. 
EGR ALCO Kacvsrsucettecscsscescccse SamuEL Henry Bur- 1882 Curators. 
CHER, LL.D., Litt.D. 
1642 Hebrew and Semitic Arcu. Rost. StirtinGc 1895 Curators. 
Languages KENNEDY, B.D., D.D. 
1862 Sanskritand Compa- Juiius Eccetinc, Ph.D. 1875 Crown. 
rative Philology * 
1882 Celtic Languages, Don. Mackinnon, M.A. 1882 Curators. 
Literature, History, 
and Antiquities ἢ 
1583 Mathematics.............. Gro. CurysTAt, LL.D... 1879 Curators. 
583 Natural Philosophy... rere Ce Tait, 1860 Curators. 
AN IDES Tex, 
1583 Logic & Metaphysics. Anprew Sern, LL.D.. 1891 Curators. 
1583 Moral Philosophy...... Hy.CatprErwoop,LL.D. 1868 Curators. 
1715 ἘΠΗΡΟΥ το cseserseer teh τῆνος Joun KIRKPATRICK, 1881 Fac. of Adv., & 
LL.B. LD! Cur. 
1893 ASCOT Y? <cccccecccscscceserse GEORGE WALTER PRO- 1894 UniversityCourt. 
THERO, M.A., D.Litt. 
1871 Commercial & Politi- JoserH SuHizLtp Nicnot- 1880 Cur., & Merch. 
calEconomy &Mer- ον, M.A., D.Sc. Co. 


cantile Law 4 


1 The Judges of the Court of Session nominate two Delegates, the Curators two, 
the Faculty of Advocates one, and the Society of Writers to the Signet one. These 
Delegates appoint the Professor, who receives his Commission from the Curators. 

2 This Chair was originally endowed by John Muir, LL.D. (Edin.), D.C.L. 
(Oxon. ), late of the Bengal Civil Service, and by a Parliamentary vote. 

% Originally endowed with a sum of £14,000, raised by public subscription. 

4 This Chair was endowed in 1871 by the Merchant Company of Edinburgh, and 
other Governors of George Watson’s and Daniel Stewart’s Hospitals, 


University Officers—Senatus. 3 


Date of 
Institution. Chairs. Professors. Appointed. _ Patrons. 
1879 Fine Art! (Watson GERARD BALDWIN 1880 Univ. Ct., Pres. 
Gordon Chair).....+ss+0» Brown, M.A. R. Scott. Acad. 
1876 Theory, History, and Simon SOMERVILLE 1876 Bell Trustees. 
Practice of Educa- Laurie, LL.D. 
ion 2 
FACULTY OF SCIENCE. 
Dean—Professor Grikig, D.C.L., LL.D. 
1583 Mathematics ....... προς GEORGE CurystaL, 1879 Curators. 
M.A., LL.D. 
1583 Natural Philosophy.. eee ΟὍΤΗΚΕΣ Tait, 1850 Curators. 
.A., D.Sc. 
1786 AStFONOMY .-- 5566 Ἀπ ὴν RAcpH CopELAND, Ph.D. 1889 Crown. 
1713 CheMiStry ....-+-.-.s sees ALEx. Crum Brown, 1869 Curators. 
MD; D:Se: 
1767 Natural History....... J sues Cosas Ewart, 1382 Crown. 
M.D. 
1676 BOtAny.....eeceeserrreeeeers Isaac BAYLEY BALFour, 1888 Curators. 
M.D:; DSc: 
1705 AMATOMY ...-...-seerereeeee Sir ΑΜ TuRNER, 1867 Curators. 
M.B., D.C.L., LL.D. 
1685 Physiology...........:0++ a RUTHERFORD, 1874 Curators. 
1871 GeOLOZY ®........esreeeeeees ἸΆΝΕΣ AG RLU D.C.L., 1882 Crown. 
1868 Engineering+............ Geo. FREDERICK ARM- 1885 Crown. 
STRONG, M.A., C.E. 
1790 Agriculture & Rural RowBert WALLACE... 1885 Lds.ofSess., Cur. 
Economy ὃ & Univ. Ct. 


FACULTY OF DIVINITY. 
Dean—Professor TaytLor, D.D. 
1582 Divimity.......ssecceeeereeres Rosert FuinT, D.D...... 1876 Curators. 
1846 Biblical Criticism & Arcuipatp Hamitton 1868 Crown, 
Biblical Antiquities CuHarTERIs, D.D. 
1694 EcclesiasticalHistory Marcorm | CamppELL 1877 Crown. 
Tay_or, D.D. 
1642 Hebrew and Semitic Arcup. Rost. STirLInG 1895 Curators. 
Languages Kennepy, B.D., D.D. 
FACULTY OF LAW. 
Dean—Professor Sir Lupovic GranT, Bart., B.A. 


1707 Public Law...........0.++ Sir Lupovic Grant, 1890 Crown. 
Bart., B.A. 
1710 Civil Law........... παι ἃ Jas. Mackintosh, B.A. 1893 { ee a UN 
1719 History (Constitu- JouHNn KIRKPATRICK, 1881 Do. 
tional, etc.) LL.B, LL.D. 
1722 SCOtS LAW..........cceceeee Joun RankInE, LL.D. 1888 Do.6 


1 This Chair was endowed by Mr H.G. and Miss Frances Watson. 

2 This Chair was originally endowed by the Trustees of the late Dr A. Bell, with 
a sum of £6000, to which a further sum of £4500 out of the Bell Fund was added by 
the Educational Endowments Commission in 1887. 

3 This Chair was originally endowed in 1871 by a sum of £6000 mortified by Sir 
Roderick Impey Murchison, Bart., and by an annual vote by Parliament. 

4 This Chair was endowed in 1868 by Sir David Baxter, and by an annual vote 
of Parliament. 

5 The Professor is elected by nine Delegates, three chosen by the Judges of the 
Court of Session, three by the Curators, and three by the University Court. 

8 For each of these Chairs the Faculty of Advocates send to the Curators a leet 
of two, of whom the Curators must choose one, 


4 University Officers—Senatus—Lecturers. 


Date of : 
Institution. Chairs. Professors. Appointed. Patrons. 
1807 Forensic Medicine... Sir Doucras  Mac- 1862 Crown. 
LAGAN, M.D., LL.D. 
Cur., Dep.-Kpr. 


1825 Conveyancing)........... Joun Putte Woop, W.S. 18914 “μα 5. Soc.2 

1871 Commercialand Poli- Joseru Suieip Nicnor- 1880 Cur., & Merch. 
tical Economy and _ son, M.A., D.Sc. Co. 
Mercantile Law 


FACULTY OF MEDICINE. 
Dean— Professor Fraser, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., 


1713 Chemistry..........00+... eri Crum Brown, 1869 Curators. 
M.D. 

1767 Natural History......... Ue Cossar Ewart, 1882 Crown. 

1676: BOGAN <<00c. cscsesscessocovce Bay.Ley BALFour, M.D. 1888 Curators. 

1705 Anatomy Sir Wm. Turner, M.B. 1867 Curators. 

1685 Physiology..............00 Wma. RuTHERFORD, M.D. 1874 Curators. 

1831 Pathology................+.. WILLIAM SMITH GREEN- 1881 Curators. 
FIELD, M.D. 

1768 Materia Medica......... THomas RICHARD 1877 Curators. 
Fraser, M.D. 

1685 Medicine............ οὖν ws» Sir THomMas GRAINGER 1876 Curators. 
STEWART, M.D. 

TEAL MTS OLG econ ce -scresouserccrers Joun Cu1eEnE, M.D........ 1882 Curators. 

1726 MidGWiIfery.......ssccccecees ALEx. RussELL SIMPSON, 1870 Curators. 

M.D. 
1807 Forensic Medicine..... Sir Doucras Mac- 1862 Crown. 


LAGAN, M.D. 

1803 Clinical Surgery.......... THos. ANNANDALE, M.D. 1877 Crown. 

1741 Clinical Medicine...... Sir THomas GRAINGER STEWART, M.D. ; THomas 
RicHarD FRASER, M.D.; Wittitam SMITH 
GREENFIELD, M.D. Diseases of Women— 
ALEXANDER RusseELi Simpson, M.D. 


FACULTY OF MUSIC. 


Dean—Professor N1IEcks. The PRINCIPAL, ex officio. 
Professor KIRKPATRICK, appointed by the Senatus. 
1839 Reid Chair of Music.. Freprrick Nicks. 1891 University Court. 
UNIVERSITY LECTURERS. 
Subjects. Lecturers. 
TOG 2 METIS VIB TN 15. lc n\n 0.0 πον G. Grecory SmituH,M.A. 1892 University Court. 
reife pnt Pn Wes Sarrionopar FRANCIS ROBERT JAMIE- 1892 Do. 
son, M.A. 
1802 ΠΈΡΟΙ cpinelets (ats sieisiestes A. DouGLas THomson, 1892 Do. 
M.A. 
1892 Mathematics ......... Cuarres Tweeptr, M.A., 1892 Do. 
B.Sc. 
1892 Natural Philosoph WILLIAM Peppikg, D.Sc. 1892 Do. 
1892 AppliedMathematics Carci_t Ais Knotr, 1892 Do. 
M.A., D.Sc. 


1 Endowed by the Society of Writers to the Signet. 
* The Election is by—{1) Two Delegates from the Curators; (2) Two from the 
Society of Writers to the Signet ; and (3) The Deputy-Keeper of the Signet. 


University Officers—Lecturers—Assistants. 5 


Date of 
Institution. Subjects. Lecturers. Appointed. Patrons. 
1892 Logic & Metaphysics Roserr P.Harpie,M.A. 1892 University Court. 
1892 Moral Philosophy...... CHARLES Doucias, 1892 Do. 
M.A., D.Sc. 
1894 French Lang., Lit.,and CHar Les SAROLEA, 1894 Do. 
Romance Philology Ph.D: ; D-Litt 
1894 GermanLang.,Lit.,and Otro ScuLapp. 1894 Do. 
Teutonic Philology 
1894 Chemical Theory....... LEONARD Dopssin, Ph.D. 1894 Do. 
1894 Plant Physiology....... W.G. SMITH,B.Sc.,Ph.D. 1894 Do. 
1894 Mineralogy and Cry- HucGu MarsHatt, D.Sc. 1894 Do. 
stallography........... 
1894 Petrology ..............0.- JoHN SMITH FLETT, 1894 Do. 
M.A.,B.Sc.,M.B.,C.M. 
1894 Advanced Physiology EDMOND We CARLIER, 1894 Do. 
M.D., B.Sc. 
1895 Geometrical and Me- Watter Hume Kerr, 1895 Do. 
chanical Drawing M.A., B.Sc. 
1894 Seanad Chem- A. P. AirKen, D.Sc. 1894 Do. 
TBODY Cr rrirteescescsteceezss 
1889 FOLeStry ........--..cseeeeee Colonel F. Battey, R.E. 1892 Do. 
1890 Agricultural Entom- Wivtiam Fream,LL.D., 1891 Do. 
ology B.Sc. 
1887 Gifford Lecturer on Professor C. B. T1ELE of 1894 Do. 
Natural Theology Leyden 
1889 Gunning Lecturer..... HUGH SUACMILLAN, D.D., 1894 Do. 
1894 International Priv- G. W. Burnet, M.A., 1894 Do. 
DOTA W cee nocsscecnsceeoe BL: 
1884 Procedure & Evidence GaN Jeues Cook, 1895 Do. 
M.A... LL.D. 
1879 Mental Diseases......... Tuos.S.CLouston,M.D. 1879 Do. 
1883 Diseases of the Eye.... eons A. Berry, M.B., 1896 Do. 
-M. 
1885 Clinical Instruction Jas. CARMICHAEL, M.D. 188 
τ rom . CAR} ; M.D. 5 Do. 
oe of Chil ὶ JouN PLayratir, M.D. 1889 Do 
1885 Embryology and Ver- Joun Bearp, D.Sc. 1894 Do. 
tebrate Zoology 
1894 Regional Anatomy.... Davip Hersurn, M.D. 1896 Do. 
1894 Experimental Phar- Wittiam C. SiLtar, 1894 Do. 
MACOLOZY..-..- see eeeeee M.B., B.Sc. 
1894 Pathological Bacteri- Rozert Murr, M.D. 1894 Do. 
GLORY = ceecccccoes Batanssanec 
UNIVERSITY ASSISTANTS. 
IN THE FACULTY OF ARTS, 
Rhetoric and Eng. Liter...... G. Grecory Situ, M.A., Edin. and Oxon. 
τυ ots cccccs-cccocsecscescs Francis R. JAMIESON, M.A. 
ἘΠΕ reetcerseccasccescesenosess A. Douctas THomson, M.A. 
Hebrew and Semitic Lan- Davin MILLER Kay, M.A., B.Sc., B.D. 
fsuages 
Mathematics............ σα ΣῊ CHARLES TWEEDIE, M.A., B.Sc. 
Natural ἘΠΠΟΝΟΒΠΥ. ΡΥ ΈΝ5 ΑΜ Peppig, D.Sc. 
Do. (Mechanical) Tuomas Linpsay. 
Logic and Metaphysics...... R. P. Harvie, M.A. Edin., B.A. Oxon. 
Moral Philosophy................ CHARLES Douctas, M.A., D.Sc. 


6 University Officers—Assistants—Examiners. 


IN THE FACULTY OF SCIENCE, 


Subjects. Lecturers. 
BIOUILORUiuricreecees.corssctev-saxerssee Joun S. Fiert, M.A., B.Sc., M.B., ΟΜ. 
PETUBITIGOENG. a050ccucsss-cscceeceavse W. H. Kerr, M.A., B.Sc. 

Do., Demonstrator W.G. Rennir, B.Sc. 
IN THE FACULTY OF DIVINITY. 
DIVAN ΤΟ τ ΚΡ Rev. ALEXANDER Horn, B.D. 


Hebrew and Semitic Lan- Rev. Davin M. Kay, M.A., B.Sc., B.D. 
guages 
IN THE FACULTY OF LAW. 


OLVALS Wiseccccssccercssveceasts we. J.M. Irvine, M.A., B.Sc., LL.B. 

Scots Law... «» JaAmeEs Apamson, M.A. 

CONVOYVANCING........essseeeeeeee A. B. FLEMING. 

IN THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE. 

CTGINIBGT ΜῈ ccsssss.tcccssussecrssere LronarRD Dossin, Ph.D.; HuGH MARSHALL, 
D.Sc.; WILLIAM WHITE TAYLOR, M.A., B.Sc. 

ΠΟΙ crcsscccsccostccccnsccsecectees Tree, D.Sc.; GrEGG Wirson, M.A. B.Sc., 
Ἢ.1). 

MSOGATIY: <<0-cscscevcscscceseswresceesones Jas. ADAM TERRAS, B.Sc. ; J. H. BurrAGE, B.A. 

ΗΟ ἐδ ΣΡ ΣΤ τα ὁ ΡΥ Ὁ Davip HEpsBurN,M.D.; J.B. YEoMAN, M.B.;C.M.; 
Ε. H. Fraser, M.B.; and R. Craic Dun, M.B, 

PUVHIOLO LY nsssecscccccccnsscecersees E. W. Caruigr, M.D., B.Sc. ; Ropert Hurcui- 
SON, M.D.,C.M.; J. Purves Stewart, M.B., 

.M. 

TPR LROLOLY -cossavesccacoorescressceess Rost. Muir, M.A., M.D.; Ὁ. A. WELSH, M.B., 
B.Sc. Laboratory Asststant—RicHARD MutIR. 

Materia Medica................. Wm.C. Sitcar, M.B., C.M., B.Sc., and 

IG CICING! <ccccessoceuscococcsvses seve Rosert A. FLEMING, M.A., M.D., ΟΜ. 


Clinical Medicine Tutors... Rosert A. FLeminc, M.A., M.B., C.M.; Harry 
Rainy, M.B., C.M.; and D. A. Wetsu, M.D., 


B.Sc. 

SSIES GLY serocccrecceccesessssocsescrses Haro_p J. Strives, M.B., C.M.; E. G. Fortune, 
M.B., C.M. 

MTA ALOT Viccecsccosccsnncceessscrscoe J. CLareENcE WEssTER, B.A., M.D. 

Forensic Medicine.............. Cuarves HunTER STEWART, M.B., C.M., D.Sc. 3 
J. BucHANAN YounG, M.B., C.M., D, Se. 

Clinical Surgery Tutor....... Joun WHEELER Dowpen, M. ἘΣ ( 

EXAMINERS. 


For PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 


The Professors of or Lecturers on the several subjects, and the following 
additional Examiners:— 


Subjects. Examiners. Appointed. _ Patrons. 
ENglish........csccssscsccssssceesoeses SrewarT ALAN RoBertT- 1895 University Court. 
son, M.A. 
Latin | James CRUICKSHANK 1894 Do. 
Greek J SPerereiieeeeereereei ert irr t ites SMITH, M.A. Edin., 
B.A. Oxon. 
Mathematics......c.ccccceceeeeees Davin BEVERIDGE Mair, 1893 Do. 
M.A. Edin., B.A. 
Cantab. 
TOUCH vecccessscecs PO LOLALL DET ἡ FrepericK P. WALTON, 1895 Do. 
German .... ἘΠΕ Α eb: 
DYTAMICE.....00.ccercsecccsese . Davin BEVERIDGE MAIR, 1893 Do. 
M.A. Edin., B.A. 
Cantab. 


University Officers— Examiners for Degrees, &c. 7 


FOR DEGREES, &c. 
L—IN THE FACULTY OF ARTS, 


The Professors of or Lecturers on the several Subjects, and the following 
additional Examiners :— 


I, LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE, 


Examiners. Appointed Patrons. 
) JAMES CRUICKSHANK SMITH, 1894 University Court. 
M.A. 


STEWART ALAN ROBERTSON, 1895 Do. 
M.A. 

FREDERICK P.WALTON, M.A., 1895 Do. 
LL.B. 

5 ARTHUR A. MACDONELTL, M.A. Do. 
ier το Semitic} anruur P.Sym, M.A., B.D. 1895 Do. 
ee paceeleey Avex. 5. Murray, LL.D.... 1895 Do. 
Celtic... νόον. DON. Masson, M.A., M.D. 1896 Do. 

2. MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 
Logic = ante a aaa Jas. L. M‘Intyre, M.A., 1895 Do. 
Moral Philosophy DSc: 
Political Economy...... J. R. N. Macpnair, LL.B. 1895 Do. 
Education . ... MauricE Paterson, LL.D. 1893 Do. 
Philosophy ‘of ‘Law. J. RosperTON CuriIsTIE, 1895 Do. 
LL.B. 
3. SCIENCE. 
Mathematices........... ) D. Bevertpce Marr, M.A. 1893 Do. 
Natural Philosophy....s | Edin., B.A. Cantab. 
ΗΓ ΟΒΌΤΩΨ.... . .......ὅ.«ξςς W. E. Plummer, M.A.. .... 1895 Do. 
ΗΘ παν... νοις Joun Gipson, Ph.D......... 1863 Do. 
POOLOR Viena scenes κε me ARTHUR E. SuipLey, M.A... 1895 Do. 
BOCAN Yi... ττοζνος οἱ σους J. BRETLAND FARMER, M.A. 1893 Do. 
RE OUIOLR Vic esc cc rice cwie se WOHINMELORNEscs. socaoscoccscessesse 1895 Do. 
4. HISTORY AND LAW. 
HEE UOV Vat sie icicles e s =.= 2/e!/0\ 010 JoHN Downie, M.A....cceeeees 1895 Do. 
Archeology and Art)S. Hensest Carper, M.A., 1896 Do. 
(History: Of):.-5....... A.R., I.B.A. 
Constitutional Law 
Re ΗΙΕΟΣΥ.:. τ | J.RoBERTON CuRISTIE, LL.B. 1895 Do. 
Public Law.... 


II.—SCIENCE. 


I, PURE SCIENCE. 


The Professors of and Lecturers on the several subjects, and the additional Examiners 
in Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, Zoology, Botany, Chemistry, Astronomy, 
Anatomy, Physiology, and Geology. 


2. ENGINEERING. 


The Professors of and Lecturers on the several subjects, the additional Examiners 
in ag ne manics, Natural Philosophy, and Chemistry, and in 
Engineering..........0+:.000+ Davin A. STEVENSON: B.Sc., 1894 University Court 

M. Inst. C.E. 


8 University Officers—Examiners for Degrees, &¢. 


3. PUBLIC HEALTH. 
The Professors of and Lecturers on the several subjects, and the following 
additional Examiners :— 


Subjects. Examiners. Appointed Patrons. 
ΠΗ ΘΗΝ το τον ν ον jenn - +. WitiiaM Harvey, LL.B. 31893 University Court. 
Laboratory Work............... J.A.CAMERON,M.D.,B.Sc. 1893 Do. 
oe ee } Jams O. AFFLECK, M.D. 1894 Do. 
Sanitation, Sanitary Law, | τ΄ 
and Vital Statisti¢s ww | -W.Barry, M.D., D.Sc. 1892 a 


4. AGRICULTURE, 
The Professors of and Lecturers on the several subjects, and the following 
additional Examiners :— 
The additional Examiners in Mathematics, Chemistry, Botany, Natural History, 
Geology, and Political Economy, and in 


AgTICUIFEUTE ........ccercececesesees us pene: B.Sc., 1893 University Court. 
).Econ. 
Veterinary Hygiene........... we oe WILLIAMS, 1893 Do, 
Chemistry as applied to \ Joun Hones, F.L.S., 1893 Do. 
ABTICUIEUTE.........-.+-02000.00. ἘΠ ἘΝ ΡΟΣ 
Political Econonmy.............. J.R.N. M ACPHAIL,LL. B. 1895 Do. 
BSOUES πε ΕΟ ΤΠ τ το ΡΟΣ Wm. SomERVILLE, B,Sc., 1896 Do. 
D.CEcon. 
Agricultural Entomology  E.ORMEROD «ss. 1896 Do. 


IIIL—IN THE FACULTY OF DIVINITY. 
The Professors in the Faculty of Divinity, and the following additional Examiners :— 


GEORGE GARDINER, (B.D sosccseascnanscteaseecntetsesccsvcres 1895 University Court 
PRE R EE SVM 1D iccaracdesescnatdnrncdstocsssanencacaciees 1895 Do. 


IV.—IN THE FACULTY OF LAW. 


The Professors of, and Lecturers on, the several subjects, and the following 
additional Examiners :— 
Scots Law, Conveyancing, ) 
and Medical Jurisprud-- Axrruur T.GLEGG,LL.B. 1896 University Court. 
OTICO acteschrvavesnhthaccescce-pcace 


Roman, Public, and Con- J. RoserronCuristiz, 1895 Do. 
stitutional Law..........--.. LL.B. 
Political Economy.............. Ete HAIL,M.A., 1895 Do. 


V.—IN THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE. 


The Professors in the Faculty of Medicine, and the following additional Examiners:— 


JoHN Duncan, M.D......c0000 1896 University Court. 
Clinical Surgery.......... ΠΣ Μ: CoTTERILL, M.B.,C.M. 18096 Do. 
| FREDERICK PAGE, M. D. Sevenee « 1896 Do. 
Materia Medica ......... WILLIAM CRAIG. Μ. 7). είν 1802 Do. 
Physiology Prof. SrirtinG, M.D., D.Sc.... 1802 Do. 
Pathology .... ALEXANDER Bruce, M.D....... 1892 Do. 
ΠΤ eo Bor corr che δ προ eo GEo. Tuos. BEATSON, M.D.... 1892 Do. 
Clinical Medicine........ JOHN WY. tz, M.D.........s0.. 1892 Do. 
Medical Jurisprudence Fev. W. Barry, M.D., D.Sc. 1892 Do. 
PHYSICS......cccscncccecersscere WILLIAM HARVEY, ἘΠΕ ΠΣ 1802 Do. 
Medicine ALEXANDER JAMES, M.D....... 1893 Do. 
Midwifery A. H. F. Barsour, M.D...... 1893 Do. 
Anatomy Ὁ. J. CUNNINGHAM, M.D....... 1893 Do. 
papi Ea Poe JouHN GiBson, Ph.D.........0000. 1893 Do. 
ROL εν leesscaescetaerdevasences J. BRETLAND FARMER, M.A.. 1893 Do. 


Sata ISGOLY. ον... οι. ARTHUR E. SHIPLEY, M.A..... 1895 Do. 


University Officers—Examiners for Degrees, &¢. 9 


VI.—IN THE FACULTY OF MUSIC. 


The Professor of Music and Sir ALEXANDER C. MACKENZIE 


FOR SCHOOLMASTER’S DIPLOMA. 
The Professor of Education and Maurice Paterson, B.A., LL.D. 1889. 


FOR TITLE OF LITERATE IN ARTS. 


The Professors of and Lecturers on the several subjects, and the Examiners for 
Degrees in Arts. 


University Librarian.—HuGcu ALEXANDER WEBSTER. 


Assistant Librarians.—ALEXANDER ANDERSON ; Davip CUTHBERTSON ἃ CHARLES 
Martin ; WILLIAM WriGHT; GEorGE Tait; JAMES H. S. GREGORY, at 
University New Buildings. 


0--.---ὦ 
KEEPERS OF MUSEUMS. 
Anatomical Museum..................0 Professor Sir Wm. TURNER. 
Do. Assistant Keeper...... James Simpson. 
Museum of Natural History ......... Professor Ewart. 
——————O; 
Clerk Of Senatus..............:ssssccsseses THoMAS GILBERT. 
ASSISTANGTICICLES ...........0cccncscscesseees James Dowte, JoHN STIRTON. 
RLOEUSOLAWIOLES)-sc0ccsescccecensessccsressecse Atian E. L. CLark. 
ΡΥ ποτε ΤῸ celccasdectessccsees JouHN CHAPMAN. 
WLU LOLS hcccesssesssessssccssscsccncosesesecseioes ALEx. ADaiR, JAMES DONALDSON. 


GENERAL COUNCIL. 
The Right Hon, ArtrHUR JAMES 


President................ ereerensretssastccstesces 4 Batrour, M.P., D.C.L., &c., Chan- 
\ cellor of the University. 
BVACE=PLEESICONTUS:...cscccccssccsesssscssseccees The Rector, The Principal, The Chan- 
cellor’s Assessor, The Rector’s Assessor. 
Representative in Parliament...... Sir WILLIAM OVEREND PRIESTLEY, K.B., 
M.D., LE.D: 


Convener of Business Committee... J.Campsett Lorimer, LL.B., Advocate. 

Convener of Ordinances Committee We Stes Da.tcieisH, LL.D., Pub- 
isher. 

Convener of Finance Committee.. Davip Ὁ. Bucuan, LL.B., 5.5.0, 

Secretary and Registrar......... ΠΕΣ THoMAS GILBERT. 


Constitution οἵ the Unibversity. 


0— 


of Edinburgh” or “The Town’s College,” founded in 
. 1583 by the Town Council of Edinburgh, under 
general. powers granted by the Charter of King James VI., 
dated 14th April 1582. No Charter of foundation is extant ; 
but from the first the College possessed the privilege of 
conferring degrees. This privilege was ratified by the “ Act of 
Confirmation,” passed in 1621, which secured to the ‘ College 
of James VI.” (as it had come to be called) all the rights, 
immunities, and privileges enjoyed by the Universities of 
Scotland. This ratification was renewed in the Treaty of Union 
between England and Scotland, and in the Act of Security. 
Gradually, in Acts of General Assembly, of Town Council, 
and of Parliament, the “College of James VI.” came to be 
styled “ The University of Edinburgh” ; but it remained under 
the control and patronage of the Town Council down to 
1858, when, by the Universities Act, all the Universities of 
Scotland received new and autonomous constitutions. 

The University is a Corporation consisting of the Chancellor, 
Rector, Principal, Professors, Registered Graduates and Alumni, 
and Matriculated Students ; and from 1858 to 1890 its govern- 
ment was vested in the Senatus Academicus (consisting of the 
Principal and the Professors), subject te the review and control 
of the University Court. 

By the Universities (Scotland) Act 1889, the University 
Court was constituted a body corporate, to which the whole 
property belonging to the University at the passing of the 
Act was transferred, with fuli power of administration. 

The Senatus, as heretofore, regulates the teaching and dis- 
cipline of the University, subject to the provisions of the 
Universities Acts of 1858 and 1889. 


CHANCELLOR. 
The Chancellor is elected by the General Council for life. 
Changes in the ordinances and in University arrangements, pro- 
posed or approved by the University Court, must receive his 


Vice-Chancellor.—Rector. ΤΊ 


sanction. Degrees are conferred by him, or by the Vice- 
Chancellor. The Chancellor is President of the General Council, 
and nominates an Assessor in the University Court. Appoint- 
ments :— 

Right Hon, Lord Brougham, 1859. 

Right Hon. John Inglis, D.C.L., LL.D., 1868. 

Right Hon. ARTHUR J. BALFour, M.P., D.C.L., LL.D., ἃς.» 1801. 

VICE-CHANCELLOR. 

The Vice-Chancellor, nominated by the Chancellor, may, 
in absence of the Chancellor, confer Degrees, but cannot dis- 
charge any other of the Chancellor’s duties. In the Vice- 
Chancellor’s absence Degrees are conferred by the Principal, 
or by the senior member of Senatus. 

The Vice-Chancellor acts as Returning Officer at Parlia- 
mentary Elections. If there be no Vice-Chancellor at the time, 
the University Court appoints one to act as Returning Officer. 
Appointments :— 


Sir D. Brewster, appointed 1860. | Sir Wittiam Murr, K.C.S.L, 
Sir Alexander Grant, Bart., 1868. DEE Wee Kcr LOSS. 


RECTOR. 

The Rector is elected by the Matriculated Students in the 
University on such day in October or November as may be 
fixed by the University Court after consultation with the 
Senatus, but not later than the second Saturday in November. 
The term of office is three years. The next election will take 
place in 1896. The Rector is President of, and nominates 
an Assessor in, the University Court. He may, before he 
appoints his Assessor, confer with the Students’ Representa- 
tive Council. No Principal or Professor of any Scottish Uni- 
versity is eligible. Appointments :— 

Rt. Hon. W. E. Gladstone, 1859. | Rt. Hon. Earl of Iddesleigh, 1883, 


Thomas Carlyle, 1865. Most Hon. Marquess of Lothian, 

Rt. Hon. Lord Moncreiff, 1868. 1887. 

Sir W. Stirling Maxwell, Bt., 1871.) Rt. Hon. George J. Goschen, 

Rt. Hon. Earl of Derby, 1874. M.P., LL.D., 1890. 

Most Hon. Marquess of Harting-| Rt. Hon. J. P. B. ROBERTSON, 
ton, M.P., 1877. ΤΠ. 1892. 


Rt. Hon, Earl of Rosebery, 1880. | 


12 Representative in Parliament.— University Court. 


REPRESENTATIVE IN PARLIAMENT. 

Under Clauses 27 to 41 of the “ Representation of the People 
(Scotland) Act,” 31 & 32 Vict., cap. 48, the General Councils 
of the Universities of Edinburgh and St Andrews elect a 
Member of Parliament for these Universities. 

When a poll is demanded, the votes are given by voting 
papers issued by the Registrar. 

The appointments have been— 

Sir Lyon Playfair, K.C.B., LL.D., 1868. 

Rt. Hon. J. H. A. Macdonald, C.B., Q.C., LL.D., 1885, 1886. 

M. T. Stormonth Darling, Q.C., 1888. 

Rt. Hon. Sir Charles J. Pearson, Q.C., LL.D., 1890, 1892. 

Sir WILLIAM OVEREND PRIESTLEY, K.B.,M.D.,LL.D., 1896. 

The Parliamentary constituency for 1896 is as follows :— 


Edinburgh. .ccsacceer: ibe eni Rees 80 1 
ΠΟΤΕ ΘΙ ΤῊΣ παν ἘΝ πεν ΠῚ 
Total in 1896.........9365 


UNIVERSITY COURT 
Under the Universities Act 1858, the Court has power :— 


1. ‘To review all decisions of the Senatus, and to be a Court of Appeal from 
the Senatus, except as otherwise provided in the Universities Act. 

2. To effect improvements in the internal arrangements of the University, after due 
communication with the Senatus, and with the sanction of the Chancellor; pro- 
vided all such proposed improvements be submitted to the General Council for con- 
sideration. 

3. To require due attention on the part of the Professors to the Regulations as to 
the mode of teaching and other duties imposed on the Professors. 

4. To fix and regulate, from time to time, the Fees in the several Classes. 

5. Upon sufficient cause shewn, and after due investigation, to censure any member 
of the Senatus, or to suspend him from office, and from the emoluments thereof, in 
whole or in part, for any period not exceeding one year, or to require him to retire 
on a retiring allowance, or to deprive him of office; and during the suspension of 
any Professor, to make provision for the teaching of his class: provided no such 
sentence of censure, suspension, deprivation, etc., shall have effect until approved by 
Her Majesty in Council. 

By Sec. xix. any of the Rules and Ordinances enacted by the Universities Commis- 
sioners under the Act, may be altered or revoked by the University Court of the 
University to which they are applicable, but only with the written consent of the 
Chancellor, and with the approval of Her Majesty in Council. 


By the Universities (Scotland) Act 1889, the University 


. 


Oniversity Court. 13 


Court is a body corporate with perpetual succession and a 
common seal ; and all the property belonging to the University 
at the passing of the Act is now vested in that body. 

By the same Act, the University Court, besides the powers 
conferred upon it by the Act of 1858, has power— 


(1.) To administer and manage the whole revenue and property of the University, 
including funds mortified for bursaries and other purposes, and have all the 
powers necessary for the purpose. 

(2.) To review any decision of the Senatus appealed against by a member of 
Senatus, or other member of the University having an interest, and to take 
into consideration all representations and reports made to it by the Senatus 
and by the General Council. 

(3.) To review, on representation made by any of its members, or by any member 
of Senatus, any decision which the Senatus may come to under section 
seven, sub-section one, but the University Court shall not review any decision 
of the Senatus in a matter of discipline, except upon appeal taken either by a 
member of Senatus or by a member of the University directly affected. 

(4.) To appoint professors whose chairs are in the patronage of the University ; 
to appoint examiners and lecturers; and to grant recognition to the teaching 
of any college or individual teacher for the purposes of graduation. 

(5.) To define, on application by any member of Senatus, the nature and limits of 
a professor’s duties under his commission. 

(6.) To take proceedings against a principal or professor, University lecturer, 
assistant, recognised teacher or examiner, or other person employed in teach- 
ing or examining, without the necessity of any one not a member of the 
Court appearing as prosecutor, and in such proceedings to call any member of 
the University to give evidence, and to require the production of documents, 
and to institute any inquiries it may deem necessary. 

(7.) To appoint from among members of the University or others, not being mem- 
bers of the Senatus, one third of the members of any committee charged, 
by ordinance of the Commissioners, with the superintendence of any libraries 
or museums belonging to the University ; and on representation made by any 
of its members, or by any member of Senatus, to review any decision which the 
Senatus, in the exercise of its powers, may come to in respect of the recom- 
mendations of such committee. 

(8.) To appoint committees of its own number, of not less than five members, 
with powers to report on any business entrusted to them by the University 
Court, or to carry out special instructions ordered by the Court. 

(9.) To elect the representative of the University on the General Medical Council, 
under the Medical Act 1886. 

(το.) After the expiration of the powers of the Commission to found new professor- 
ships, with the approval of the Universities Committee. 


After the expiration of the powers of the Commissioners, the 
University Court, by Section 21, has power to make new 
ordinances, with the approval of Her Majesty in Council: 


I4 University Court. 


(1.) With respect to the appropriation of the sum allotted to the University by 
the Commissioners out of the annual grant. 

(2.) Altering or revoking ordinances framed under the Universities Act 1858, or 
this Act ; and making new ordinances: provided that such ordinances, before 
being submitted to Her Majesty for approval, have been communicated by 
the University Court to the Senatus, to the General Council, and to the 
University Courts of the other Universities. 

Meetings of the Court are held for ordinary business on 
the first Monday after the 11th of each month, except August 
and September, and on the first Monday after 19th January, if 
necessary, for hearing Registration Appeals. Other meetings 
may be called as the Court may direct. Special Meetings 
may be called by order of the Rector or the Principal, or by 
the Secretary on a requisition specifying the object, signed by 
at least three members of the Court. 

The University Court holds the patronage of the Chair of 
Music; of the new Chair of History; in conjunction with the 
President of the Royal Scottish Academy, that of the Chair of 
Fine Art ; and a share in the patronage of the Chair of Agricul- 
ture. It also elects three of the seven Curators of Patronage, and 
appoints the Lecturers and the Additional Examiners for Degrees. 

The Court consists of—1. The Rector; 2. The Principal; 3. The 
Lord Provost of Edinburgh for the time being ; 4. An Assessor 
nominated by the Chancellor; 5. An Assessor nominated by 
the Rector; 6. An Assessor nominated by the Lord Provost, 
Magistrates, and Town Council of Edinburgh; 7. Four Assessors 
elected by the General Council; 8. Four Assessors elected by the 
Senatus Academicus ; 9. A number, not exceeding four, of repre- 
sentatives of affiliated Colleges, under section 15 (4) of the Act 
of 1889 (a number which, in special circumstances, may be 
increased), 

Seven members constitute a quorum. The Rector and his 
Assessor continue in office for three years ; but when the Chan- 
cellor or the Rector ceases to hold office, his Assessor continues 
to be a member of the Court until an Assessor is nominated by 
the new Chancellor or Rector. The other Assessors hold office 
for four years; and all Assessors are eligible for re-election. No 
Principal or Professor of any Scottish University is eligible as 


Committee of Privy Counctl,— Curators of Patronage. 15 


Assessor to any other person or body than the Senatus. The 
Rector, and in his absence the Principal, presides at meetings 
of the Court, and in the absence of both a chairman is elected 
by the meeting. The person presiding at any meeting of the 
Court has a deliberative vote, and also a casting vote in case 
of equality. 

An abstract of the proceedings of the Court is given in a sub- 
sequent part of the Calendar. 

The names of the present Assessors are given on page I. 
The names of the Assessors before 1888 will be found in the 
Historical Appendix to List of University Graduates, published 
in 1889 (page 105). Assessors since 1888—EVected by Chancellor, 
T. Graham Murray, LL.D., 1887-1891. Elected by Senatus, 
A. Campbell Fraser, D.C.L., UL.D., 1877-1891, Malcolm Camp- 
bell Taylor, D.D., 1889-1892. Elected by Town Council, John 
Clapperton, 1885-1895. 


UNIVERSITIES COMMITTEE OF PRIVY COUNCIL. 


The Scottish Universities Committee of the Privy Council 
consists of the Lord President of the Privy Council, the Secretary 
for Scotland; the Lord Justice-General, Lord Justice-Clerk, 
Lord Advocate, and the Chancellor and the Lord Rector of each 
of the Universities, if members of the Privy Council ; one mem- 
ber at least of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council ; and 
such other member or members of the Privy Council as Her 
Majesty may appoint. 

The powers and duties of this Committee may, subject to rules 
or regulations passed by Her Majesty in Council, be exercised 
and discharged by any three or more of the members, one of 
whom shall be a member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy 
Council or a Senator of the College of Justice in Scotland. 


CURATORS OF PATRONAGE. 


By the Universities Act of 1858, the patronage of seventeen 
Chairs, previously in the gift of the Town Council, was transferred 
to seven Curators—three nominated by the University Court, and 


τό Representative in Medical Council.—Princpal. 


four by the Town Council. The Curators also have a share in the 
patronage of the Chairs of Humanity, Agriculture, Civil Law, 
History (and Constitutional Law), Scots Law, and Conveyanc- 
ing, formerly in the gift of the Town Council, and of the Chairs 
of Celtic and of Political Economy, instituted after the passing 
of the 1858 Act. The Curators hold office for three years. The 
names of the present Curators are given on page 2. 


REPRESENTATIVE IN GENERAL MEDICAL 
COUNCIL. 

Under the Medical Act of 1886, the University is entitled to 
elect a Member of the General Medical Council. Professor Sir 
William Turner was elected by the Senatus in December 1886 
for five years. Under the Universities Act of 1889, the Univer- 
sity Representative is now elected by the University Court, by 
whom Professor Sir William Turner, M.B., D.C.L., LL.D., was 
again elected in 1801. 


PRINCIPAL. 


The Principal, formerly elected by the Town Council, now by 
the Curators, holds office for life. He is the President of the 
Senatus Academicus ; in absence of the Rector, he presides at 
the meetings of the University Court ; and in absence of the 
Chancellor and Rector he presides at the Statutory Meetings of 
the General Council, and also at the Special Meetings, except 
for the election of Assessors. 


PRINCIPALS ELECTED SINCE 1586. 


1586. Robert Rollock, previously| 1716. William Wishart 

Regent 1730. William Hamilton 
1599. Henry Charteris 1732. James Smith 
1620, Patrick Sands 1736. William Wishart, secendus 
1622. Robert Boyd 1754. John Gowdie 
1623. John Adamson 1762. William Robertson 
1653. Robert Leighton 1703. George Husband Baird 
1662. William Colvill 1840. John Lee 
1675. Andrew Cant 1859. Sir David Brewster 
1685. Alexander Monro 1868. Sir Alexander Grant, Bart. 
1690. Gilbert Rule 1885. Sir Wm. Muir, K.C.S.I. 
1703. William Carstares 


Senatus Academicus. Τὺ 


SENATUS ACADEMICUS. 


The Principal and the Professors constitute the Senatus. 
This body superintends and regulates the teaching and dis- 
cipline of the University. The Senatus elects four Assessors 
in the University Court who hold office for four years. Two 
retire biennially, but may be re-elected ; and in case of a casual 
vacancy, the person elected to fill it goes out of office when the 
person whom he succeeded would in the ordinary rotation have 
retired. The Senatus appoints two-thirds of the members of 
the Library and the Museums Committees, receives their 
reports, and, subject to the review of the University Court, 
confirms, modifies, or rejects such reports. It also elects 
a representative in the General Assembly of the Church of 
Scotland ; two Managers of the Royal Infirmary; two Gover- 
nors of George Heriot’s Trust ; two Governors of Morrison’s 
Academy, Crieff ; two Governors of the Spence Bursary Trust ; 
one Governor of Dollar Institution ; and one Governor of Stiell’s 
Hospital, Tranent. Degrees in Arts, Science, Divinity, Law, 
Medicine, and Music are conferred, on the recommendation of 
the Senatus, by either the Chancellor, the Vice-Chancellor, the 
Principal, or the senior Professor present. The Principal is 
President of the Senatus, with a deliberative and also a casting 
vote ; and, in his absence, the Senior Professor present acts as 
Chairman, also with a double vote. The Ordinary Meetings of 
Senatus are held on the third Saturday of October, the last 
Saturday of November, January, February, and March; the 
Saturday immediately preceding the Christmas vacation; on 
the last Friday of May, June, and July; on rst August, not being 
a Sunday (for conferring Degrees); and in April (for Degrees) 
on a day fixed at the January Meeting of the preceding year. 
Extraordinary Meetings may be called by the Principal or by 
three Professors. One-third of the Senatus constitutes a quorum. 

The Secretary of Senatus, among other duties, summons the 
Meetings, prepares the Minutes, and intimates business assigned 
to the Principal, the Faculties, the Boards of Studies, &c. He 
also administers the Spovsio Academica to Graduates, 


B 


18 Faculty of Arts. 


FACULTIES. 


The University now contains six Faculties, as constituted by 
Ordinance in 1893—viz., Arts, Science, Divinity, Law, Medicine, 
and Music. Each Faculty is presided over by a Dean, who is 
elected by the Professors of his Faculty, and who, among 
other duties, presents to the Chancellor or Vice-Chancellor the 
Graduands of his Faculty. The Deans are named on pp. 2, 3; 
and 4. The Chairs in the various Faculties are here given 
in chronological order. The Faculties as previously constituted 
are given in the CALENDAR for 1893-94, and in previous 
CALENDARS. 


FACULTY OF ARTS. 


The Faculty of Arts embraces the Chairs of Humanity 
(Latin), Greek, Mathematics, Logic and Metaphysics, Moral 
Philosophy, Natural Philosophy, Hebrew and Semitic Lan- 
guages, History (two Chairs), Rhetoric and English Literature, 
Sanskrit and Comparative Philology, Commercial and Political 
Economy, Education, Fine Art, and Celtic. 


REGENTS AND PROFESSORS IN THE FACULTY OF ARTS SINCE 1583. 


Regents of Philosophy, 1583-1708. 1587. Philip Heslop 
[The Regents of Philosophy taught in 1588. Charles FermeorFairholm 
tation the four cl SS orca 89. H Ch 
votation the four classes in the Curri- I en arteris 
culum of Arts, the Bajans,” the “ Semt- ee Pat τς Sand 
Bajans,’ the “ Bachelors,” and the 509. Latric cue 
“ Magistrands,’ as the Students of the 1594. George Robertson 
first, second, third, and fourth year were 1597. William Craig 
respectively styled. Each Regent there- 


fore taught every subject in the Curri- 1597: John Adamson 
culum—the Regent of Humanity being 1598. James Knox 

i ΟΥΠΟ to ee ies Siied of Philosophy, 1598. Robert Scott 
and being employed as a tutor in Classics 1601. Andrew Youn 
for Unmatriculated Students. In 1708 5 


the system was changed, and separate 1603. James Reid 
Professors for Latin, Greek, Logic | 1604. David Munro 
and Metaphysics, Moral Philosophy 1606. Blase Colt 
and Natural Philosophy, were sub- 


“by : ee | 1607. James Fairley 
tated fOr, 602 ΕΗ Nad pre \ τ. 
viously existed.) 1611. Andrew Stevenson 

1583. Robt. Rollock, frst Regent 1625. Samuel Rutherford 

1583. Duncan Nairn 1625. Robert Ranken 

1585. Charles Lumisdaill 1626. Thomas Crawford 

1586. Adam Colt 1626. John Brown 


1586. Alexander Scrimgeour 1631. Alexander Hepburn 


1636 
1638 
1638 
1639 
1644 
1644 
1647 


1653 
1665 


1666 


Faculty of Arts. 19 


. James Wyseman 
. James Wright 

. Robert Young 

. Duncan Forrester 
. William Tweedie 
. James Pillans 

. Andrew Suttie 

. John Wishart 

. George Sinclair 

. John Wood 


1667. William Paterson 


1679 


1679 
1680 


1682 
1684 


. Gilbert M‘Murdoch 


. Andrew Massie 


. Alexander Cockburn 


- Robert Lidderdail 
. Herbert Kennedy 


1686. Thomas Burnet 


1689 
1690 
1695 
1695 
1701 
1703 
1707 


Regents of Humanity, 1597-1708. 


1597 
1606 


1611 
1611 
1623 
1626 
1630 
1633 
1636 
1638 
1644 


1653. J 
1656. 


1656 
1658 
1663 
1665 
1665 
1676 
1679 
1689 


. Alexander Cunningham 


. William Law 

. John Row 

. William Scott 

. Charles Areskine 
. Robert Stewart 

. Colin Drummond 


. John Ray 

. Blase Colt 

. Oliver Colt 

. Robert Burnet 
Andrew Stevenson 

. Samuel Rutherford 

. Thomas Craufurd 

. John Armour 

. Alexander Gibson 

. James Wyseman 

. Robert Young 

. James Pillans 

ohn Wishart 

William Forbes 


. James M‘Gowan... 


. Hugh Smith 

- William Cumming 
. Andrew Ross, 

. Thomas. Bell ’ , 

. Gilbert MacMurdo 


. Alexander Cunningham 


. John Drummond 


Professsors of Mathematics. 
1620, Andrew Young 
1640. Thomas Craufurd 
1674. James Gregory 
1683. David Gregory 
1692. James Gregory 
1725. Colin M ‘Laurin 
1747. Matthew Stewart 
1775. Dugald Stewart 
| 1785. Adam Ferguson 
1785. John Playfair 
1805. John Leslie 
1819. William Wallace 
1838. Philip Kelland 
1879. GEORGE CHRYSTAL 


Professors of Humanity. 
1708. Laurence Dundas 
1728. Adam Watt 
1734. John Kerr 
1741. George Stuart 
1775. John Hill 
1806, Alexander Christison 
1820. James Pillans 
1863. William Young Sellar 
1891. Harry Chester Goodhart 
1895. WILLIAM Ross HARDIE 
Professors of Greek. 
1708. William Scott, one of the 
Regents 
1729. William Scott, secendus 
1730. Colin Drummond 
1738. Robert Law 
1741. Robert Hunter 
1772. Andrew Dalziel 
1805. George Dunbar 
1852. John Stuart Blackie 
1882, SAMUEL HENRY 
BUTCHER 


| Professors of Logic and Metaphysics. 
1708, Colin Drummond, oxe of 

] the Regents 

1730. John Stevenson 

1774. John Bruce 

1786. James Finlayson 

1808. David Ritchie 


20 Faculty of Science. 


1836. Sir Wm. Hamilton, Bart. 
1856. Alexander Campbell | 

Fraser | 
1891. ANDREW SETH 


| 
Professors of Moral Philosophy. 
1708. William Law, ove of the 
Regents 
1729. William Scott 
1734. John Pringle 
1745. William Cleghorn 
1754. James Balfour 
1764. Adam Ferguson 
1785. Dugald Stewart 
1810. Thomas Brown 
1820. John Wilson 
1853. P. C. M‘Dougall 
1868. HENRY CALDERWOOD 


Professors of Natural Philosophy. 

1708. Robert Stewart, ove of the | 
Regents | 

John Stewart | 

Adam Ferguson 

James Russell 

John Robison 

John Playfair 

Sir John Leslie 

James David Forbes 

PETER GUTHRIE TAIT 


1742. 
1759. 
1764. 
1774. 
1805. 
1819. 
1833. 
1860, 


Professors of Hebrew and Semitic 
Languages. 
(See Faculty of Divinity.) 


Professors of History. 
1719. Charles Mackie 
1753. John Gordon 
1754. William Wallace | 
1755. John Pringle 


| 1842. 


| 1881. 


| 1801. 


| 1840. 
| 1845. 


1780. Alexander Fraser Tytler 
1801. William Fraser Tytler 
1821, Sir William Hamilton 
1837. George Skene 

George Frederick Ferrier 
Cosmo Innes 

fEneas Jas. Geo. Mackay 
JOHN KIRKPATRICK 
1894. GEORGE ΝΥ. PROTHERO 


Professors of Rhetoric and English 
Literature. 

Hugh Blair 

William Greenfield 

Andrew Brown 

George Moir 

William Spalding 

William Edmondstoune 

Aytoun 
David Masson. 
GEORGE SAINTSBURY, 


Professors of Sanskrit. 


1846. 
1874. 


1762. 
1784. 


1835. 


1865. 
1895. 


| 7862. Theodor Aufrecht 


1875. JULIUS EGGELING 
Professors of Political Economy. 
(See also Faculty of Law.) 

1871. W. B. Hodgson 
1880. JOSEPH SHIELD NICHOL- 
SON 
Professor of Education. 
1876. SIMON SOMERVILLE 
LAURIE 
Professor of Fine Art. 
1880. GERARD BALDWIN BROWN 
Professor of Celtic Languages, ὧς, 
1882. DONALD MACKINNON 


FACULTY OF SCIENCE, 


[As Constituted in 1893 by Ordinance No. 12 (General No. 7).] 
This Faculty embraces the Chairs of Mathematics, Natural 

Philosophy, Botany, Anatomy, Chemistry, Physiology, Natural 

History, Astronomy, Agriculture, Engineering, and Geology. 


Faculty of Arts. 


Faculty oy Divinity. 21 


PROFESSORS IN THE FACULTY SINCE ITS INSTITUTION IN 1893. 
For Professors of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, see under 


Professors of Practical Astronomy. | 


1786. Robert Blair 

1834. Thomas Henderson 
1846. Charles Piazzi Smyth 
1889. RALPH COPELAND 


Professors of Agriculture. 
1790. Andrew Coventry 
1831. David Low 
1854. John Wilson 
1855. ROBERT WALLACE 


For Professors of Botany, Anatomy, Chemistry, 
Physiology, Natural History, see under Faculty of Medicine. 


Professors of Engineering. 
1868. Fleeming Jenkin 
1885. GEORGE FREDERICK 
ARMSTRONG 
Professors of Geology. 
1871. Archibald Geikie 
1882, JAMES GEIKIE 
Professor of Technology. 


1855. George Wilson 
[Chair abolished in 1859. ] 


BACUEDY, OF DIVINITY. 
This Faculty, the second in date, consists of the Chairs of 
Divinity, Hebrew and Semitic Languages, Ecclesiastical History, 
and Biblical Criticism and Antiquities. 


PROFESSORS IN THE FACULTY OF DIVINITY SINCE 1620. 


Professors of Divinity. 
1620. Andrew Ramsay 
1627. Henry Charteris 
1629. James Fairley 
1630. John Sharpe 
1648. Alexander Colvill 
1649. Samuel Rutherford 
1650. David Dickson 
1662. Patrick Scougall 
1664. William Keith 
1675. Laurence Charteris 
1682. John Menzies 
1683. John Strachan 
1690. George Campbell 
1701. George Meldrum 
1709. William Hamilton 
1732. James Smith 
1733. John Gowdie 
1754. Robert Hamilton 
1779. Andrew Hunter 
1809. William Ritchie 
1828. Thomas Chalmers 
1844. John Lee 


] 
| 
| 


1859. Thomas J. Crawford 
1876, ROBERT FLINT 


Professors of Hebrew. 


1642. Julius Conradus Otto 
1656. Alexander Dickson 
1679. Alexander Amedeus 
1681. Alexander Douglas 
1692. Patrick Sinclair 
1694. Alexander Rule 
1702. John Goodall 

1719. James Crawford 
1732. William Dawson 
1751. James Robertson 
1792. George Husband Baird 
1793. William Moodie 
1812. Alexander Murray 
1813. Alexander Brunton 
1848. David Liston 


1880, David Laird Adams 
1892. John Dobie 
1895. ARCHIBALD ROBERT 


STIRLING KENNEDY 


22 Faculty 


Professors of Ecclesiastical History, 
1702. 
1715. 
1726. 
1737- 
1762. 
1788. 
1799. 
1831. 
1844. 


John Cumming 
William Dunlop 
Matthew Crawford 
Patrick Cumming 
Robert Cumming 
Thomas Hardie 
Hugh Meiklejohn 
David Welsh 
James Robertson 


FACULTY 


of Law. 


1861. William Stevenson 

1872. Robert Wallace 

1876. MALCOLM CAMPBELL 
TAYLOR 


Professors of Biblical Criticism and 
Biblical Antiquities. 


1847. Robert Lee 
1868. ARCHIBALD HAMILTON 
CHARTERIS 


OF LAW. 


To this Faculty belong seven Chairs, viz.:—Public Law, 
Civil or Roman Law, History (Constitutional, &c.), Scots Law 
Forensic Medicine, Conveyancing, and Political Economy. 


PROFESSORS IN THE FACULTY OF LAW SINCE 1707. 


Professors of Public Law. 
1707. Charles Areskine 
1734. William Kirkpatrick 
1735. George Abercrombie 
1759. Robert Bruce 
1764. James Balfour 
1779. Allan Maconochie 
1796. Robert Hamilton 
1832. ¥ * * 
1862. James Lorimer 
1890, Sir Lupovic GRANT, Bt. 

Professors of Civil Law. 
1710. James Craig 
1732. Thomas Dundas 
1745. Kenneth M‘Kenzie 


| 


| 1846 
1874 


] 1722. 


| 1822. 


1754. William Wallace 

1755. John Pringle 

1780. Alex. Fraser Tytler 

1801. William Fraser Tytler 
1821. Sir William Hamilton 
1837. George Skene 

1842. James Frederick Ferrier 

. Cosmo Innes 

. AEneas Jas. Geo. Mackay 
. JOHN KIRKPATRICK 


Professors of Scots Law. 
Alexander Bayne 
John Erskine 
William Wallace 
David Hume 


1881 


1737. 
1765. 
| 1786. 


1755. Robert Dick 

1792. John Wilde 

1800. Alexander Irving 

1827. Douglas Cheape 

1842. A. Campbell Swinton 

1862. James Muirhead 

1889. Henry Goudy 

1893. JAMES MACKINTOSH 

Professors of History (Constitu- 
tional, &¢.). 

1719. Charles Mackie 

1753. John Gordon 


| 1843. 


George Joseph Bell 
John Schank More 
George Ross 

George Moir 

1865. Norman Macpherson 
| 1888. JOHN RANKINE 


| Professors of Forensic Medicine. 
| 1807. Andrew Duncan, secundus 
| 1820. William Pulteney Alison 
1822. Robert Christison 

1832. Thomas Stewart Traill 
| 1862, Sir DouGLAS MACLAGAN 


| 1861. 
1864. 


faculty of Medicine. 23 


Professors of Conveyancing. | Professors of Political Economy.} 


1825. Macvey Napier ers W. B. Hodgson, and re- 
1847. Allan Menzies appointed 1878 


1856. A. Montgomerie Bell 1880, JOSEPH SHIELD NICHOL- 
1866. James Stuart Fraser Tytler SON 


1892. JOHN PHILP Woop 


FACULTY OF MEDICINE. 

The Faculty consists of twelve Chairs :—Botany, Physiology, 
Medicine, Anatomy, Chemistry, Midwifery, Natural History 
Materia Medica, Surgery, Clinical Surgery, Forensic Medicine, 
and Pathology. The Professors of Medicine, Materia Medica, 
and Pathology, are also Professors of Clinical Medicine. Some 
of these Chairs were instituted in the seventeenth century, but it 
does not appear that the Medical School and Faculty of the 
University were established until the beginning of last century. 


PROFESSORS IN THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE SINCE 1676, 


Professors of Botany. | 1747. Robert Whytt 
1676. James Sutherland | 1766. William Cullen 
1706. Charles Preston le 077.35 Alex, Monro Drummond 
1712. George Preston | nie ΠΠῈΞ ΟἸΕΕΟΣ 
ae ' 1789. Andrew Duncan 
Professors of Medicine and Botany. | se Arleeus τ 
1738. Charles Alston | 1821. William Pulteney Alison 
1761. John Hope | 1842. Allen Thomson 
1786. Daniel Rutherford 1848. John Hughes Bennett 
1820. Robert Graham 1874. WILLIAM RUTHERFORD 
1845. John Hutton Balfour | ris 
Professors of Botany. Professors of Medicine. 
1879. Alexander Dickson 1724. William Porterfield 


1888, IsAAc BAYLEY BALFOUR Andrew St Clair 


1726. vee 
Professors of Medicine. a John Rutherford 
Σ 6 1747. Robert Whytt 
Sir Robert Sibbald 1766. John Gregory 
εἴ James Halket 1773. William Cullen 
Archibald Pitcairne 


ah 1790. James Gregory 
Professors of Institutes of Medicine| 1821. James Home 


or Phystology. 1842. William Pulteney Alison 
1724. William Porterfield 1855. Thomas Laycock 
6 § Andrew St Clair 1876. Sir THOMAS GRAINGER 
1725 ( John Rutherford | STEWART 


1 This Chair πες declared to be a Professorship in the Law as well as in the Arts 
Faculty by resolution of the Senatus Academicus in 1879. 


24 Faculty of Music. 


Professors of Anatomy. 
1705. Robert Elliot 
1708. Adam Drummond 
1716. John M‘Gill 
1720. Alexander Monro 
1754. Alex. Monro, secundus 
1798. Alexander Monro, éertius 
1846. John Goodsir 
1867. Sir WILLIAM TURNER 


Professors of Chemistry and 
Medicine. 
1713. James Crawford 
1726. Andrew Plummer 
1726. John Innes 
1755. William Cullen 
1766. Joseph Black 
1795. Thomas Charles Hope 


Professors of Chemistry. 
1844. William Gregory 
1858. Lyon Playfair 
1869. ALEX. CRUM BROWN 
Professors of Midwifery. 
1726. Joseph Gibson 
1739. Robert Smith 
1756. Thomas Young 
1780. Alexander Hamilton 
1800, James Hamilton 
1840. Sir J. Y. Simpson, Bart. 
1870. ALEXANDER 
SIMPSON 
Professors of Natural fMistory. 
1770. Robert Ramsay 
1779. John Walker 
1804. Robert Jameson 
1854. Edward Forbes 


RUSSELL 


1855. George James Allman 
1870. Sir Wyy. T. C. Thomson 
1882. JAMES CossAR EWART 


Professors of Materia Medica. 
1768. Francis Home 
1798. James Home 
1821. Andrew Duncan, secundus 
1832. Sir Robt. Christison, Bart. 
1877. THOMAS RICHARD 
FRASER 
Professors of Surgery. 
1777. Alex. Monro, secundus 
1798. Alexander Monro, Zertius 
1831. John William Turner 
1836. Sir Charles Bell 
1842. James Miller 
1864. James Spence 
1882. JOHN CHIENE 
Professors of Clinical Surgery. 
1803. James Russell 
1833. James Syme 
1869. Joseph Lister 
1877. THOMAS ANNANDALE 
Professors of Forensic Medicine 
(See Faculty of Law.) 
Professors of Pathology. 
1831. John Thomson 
1842. William Henderson 
1869. W. R. Sanders 
1881. WILLIAM SMITH GREEN- 
FIELD 
Professors of Military Surgery. 
1806. John Thomson 
1823. Sir George Ballingall 
[Chair abolished. } 


FACULTY OF MUSIC: 


Reid Professors of Music 
1839. John Thomson. 


1841. Sir Henry Rowley Bishop 


1844. Henry Hugh Pearson 


1845. John Donaldson 
1865. Sir Herbert 
Oakeley 


Stanley 


| 1891. FREDERICK NIECKS 


The Principal is a member of this Faculty ex officio, and 
Professor Kirkpatrick was appointed a member by the Senatus. 


ΖΦ aZ 


General Council. 25 


GENERAL COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY. 


The Chancellor, the Members of the University Court, the 
Professors, and the Graduates, are entitled to be registered as 
Members of the General Council. The fee for registration is £1. 

The Register, now containing 7891 Members, is conclusive of 
the rights of persons to be Members up to Ist January 1897. 
By the Universities Elections Amendment (Scotland) Act all 
candidates for graduation must pay the Registration Fee before 
they can appear for graduation. 

Under the Universities Act of 1858, and the Commissioners’ 
Ordinance No. 1, section 3, the Council meets twice a year— 
viz., on the first Tuesday after the fourteenth day of April, and 
on the dast Friday in October, at three o’clock P.M., “¢o take 
into their consideration all questions affecting the well-being and 
prosperity of the University, and to make representations from 
time to time on such questions to the University Court, who 
shall consider the same, and return to the Council their deliver- 
ance thereon.” All proposed improvements in the arrangements 
of the University “shall be submitted to the University Council 
for their consideration.” 

By the Universities Act 1889, besides the two statutory 
meetings above mentioned, the Council “may hold special 
meetings at the instance of the Chancellor, who shall 
convene such meetings on a requisition from a quorum of 
members, and the Council may adjourn any meeting, and may 
appoint Committees to investigate into and report upon any 
matter remitted to them or to carry out instructions given to 
them by the Council.” The Commissioners under this Act 
have fixed the quorum of the General Council at ten for every 
thousand or fraction of a thousand of members on the register, 
but this provision does not apply to the statutory half-yearly 
meetings, or to adjourned meetings. 

At the meetings of the General Council, in the absence of the 
Chancellor, Rector, and Principal, the Chancellor’s Assessor, 
and in his absence the Rector’s Assessor shall preside ; and 
in the absence of all of these, a Chairman shall be elected by 


26 Students’ Representative Council. 


the meeting, but no member of Senatus can preside at any 
meeting held for the election of an Assessor or Assessors. 
The Chairman shall decide all points of order, and has a 
deliberative and a casting vote ; and in case of an equality of 
votes at the conclusion of a poll, the Chairman, or any one 
appointed by the University Court to act for him, shall have 
a casting vote. 

The General Council of this University, and that of the Uni- 
versity of St Andrews together, return a Member of Parliament. 

The Chancellor of the University and four of the Assessors 
in the University Court are elected by the Council. The 
Chancellor holds office for life, and the Assessors for four 
years. Two of the Assessors retire biennially, but may be re- 
elected. In case of a casual vacancy the person elected to fill 
it retires when the person whom he succeeded would in ordinary 
rotation have retired. No member of the Senatus can vote or 
take part in the election of any Assessor of the General Council. 
The next election of two Assessors will take place at the ἐών 
half-yearly meeting in October 1897. 

Members of General Council are entitled to the use of the Uni- 
versity Library on payment of an annual fee of tos. 6d., or they 
may compound for such annual fee by one payment of £5, 55. 

Three Standing Committees have been appointed by the 
General Council—viz., a Business Committee, an Ordinances 
Committee, and a Finance Committee. The Conveners are: 

Business Committee—J. Campbell Lorimer, LL.B. 
Ordinances Committee—W. Scott Dalgleish, LL.D. 
Finance Committee—David D. Buchan, LL.B, 


STUDENTS’ REPRESENTATIVE COUNCIL, 


Presidents—A. C. Sturrock, M.A.; J. Y. Simpson, M.A. ; 
J. Bannerman. Joint Hon. Secretaries and Treasurers—J. R. 
Hunter, 59 Marchmont Road ; W. Ogilvy, M.A., 97 Marchmont 
Road. 

The Students’ Representative Council was founded in 1884. 
Its aims are—(1) To represent the Students in matters affect- 
ing their interests ; (2) To afford a recognised means of com- 


Matriculation. 27 


munication between the Students and the University authorities ; 
and (3) To promote social life and academic unity among the 
Students. The Council is elected annually in November, partly 
by the Students of the different Faculties, and partly by the 
recognised Students’ societies. Meetings are held in Novem- 
ber, December, January, February, March, May, June, July, and 
October. At the November meeting an executive committee is 
elected, consisting of three presidents, two secretaries and trea- 
surers, and ten other members, representing the four Faculties. 

The Commissioners, acting under the Universities Act 1889, 
have issued an Ordinance to the following effect :— 


(1.) The Students’ Representative Council shall submit to the University Court 
the regulations under which it exists, and these regulations as approved shall 
form the constitution of the Students’ Representative Council. 

(2.) After the University Court has approved of the constitution, alterations must 
receive the approval of the University Court. 

(3-) τ. The Council may petition the Senatus as to any matter affecting the teaching 
and discipline of the University, and the Senatus shall dispose of the matter, 
or shall, if so prayed, forward such petition to the University Court, with 
such observations as it may make thereon. 

2. The Council may petition the University Court as to any matter affecting 
the Students other than those falling under sub-section 1. 

3. This Section shall not prejudice any right of appeal under Section 6, sub- 
section 2, of the said Act, nor the powers and jurisdiction of the Senatus, as 
to teaching and discipline. 


MATRICULATION. 


University Matriculation consists in signing the Sponsio 
Academica, the Student thus entering his or her name in 
_ the Album of Students of the University, and in paying a 
᾿ fee of £1, 15. for the academic year (Ist Oct. to Ist Oct.), or 
a fee of ros. 6d. for a Summer Session (1st May to Ist Octo- 
ber). No one can attend a University Class without matricu- 
lating, except in those special cases in which an Entrance Fee 
of 5s. only is exacted (see below). 
The Matriculated Students elect the Rector of the University. 
In case of an equality of votes, the Chancellor, or failing him, 
the Principal, has the casting vote. Students are also admitted 
to the University Library, and on certain days to the Museum 
of Natural History. 


28 Matriculation. 


Candidates for Graduation who are attending Extra-Academi- 
cal Lectures in Edinburgh, and not attending Classes within 
the University, must, at the beginning of each year, enrol their 
names in a book kept for that purpose, and pay a Fee of the 
same amount as the Matriculation Fee. In respect of such 
payment they have a right to use the University Library. 

Sponsio Academica signed by students on matriculating :— 


QUOD FAUSTUM FELIXQUE SIT. A. D.—— 


Ego Universitatis Academicae Edinburgensis Discipulus 
sinceré ac sancté promitto quod et syngrapha hac mea in per- 
petuum testatum cupio, mihi ante omnia cordi ac curae futurum 
verae pietatis studium ; me etiam in assuetis academici curriculi 
studiis sedulum fore, ut adolescentem bene institutum decet ;, et 
quamdiu in illo curriculo permansero praeceptoribus omnibus 
morigerum memet praestiturum, nec ullius dissidii aut tumultus 
clam palamve vel auctorem vel participem futurum, et per 
reliquam vitam Universitatem Academicam Edinburgensem 
ipsam grato et benevolo animo prosecuturum, idque omnibus 
officiis pro facultate mea et occasione data testaturum esse. 


MATRICULATIONS (Ist May 1895 to 1st May 1896). 


For SUMMER SESSION 1895 :— 


I. Faculty of Arts ᾿ . : : : ο 12 
II. Faculty of Science . : 2 : : : γ 
III. Faculty of Divinity . : 5 : ξ : Ι 
IV. Faculty of Law : 3 ὃ : ; ; 5 
V. Faculty of Medicine . : : é : ; 27 

— 2 

For ACADEMIC YEAR :— : 

I. Faculty of Arts . 4 : : : 212) 690 
II. Faculty of Science . : 5 2 : lez 
III. Faculty of Divinity . A : : : 5 66 
IV. Faculty of Law : : : : ᾿ RAS 
V. Faculty of Medicine . ὃ : : ὃ . 1466 
VI. Faculty of Music. 5 ; : : : δ 

—— 2725 


Total Matriculations (1st May 1895 to Ist May 1896) 2779 


Matriculation. 29 


Non-MATRICULATED EXTRA-ACADEMICAL STUDENTS IN 


EDINBURGH. 
(1st May 1895 to 1st May 1896.) 
I, Faculty of Medicine . : : 3 63 


Total Non-Matriculated Extra-Academical Students = 1) 63 
May to Ist May) ἧ 


The University Court may admit non-Matriculated Students 
to any Class, on payment of an Entrance Fee (fixed at 5s.) 
in addition to the Class Fee; but such attendance (1) will not 
qualify for Graduation, (2) nor entitle the Student to a Certifi- 
cate of Attendance, (3) nor confer any other University privilege. 

Courses which may be attended under this Regulation :— 


Constitutional History, additional Courses on. 

Fine Art, short additional Courses on. 

Economic History, short Courses on (in connection with Political 
Economy). 

Procedure and Evidence. 

Mental Diseases. 

Diseases of the Eye. 

Clinical Instruction on Diseases of Children. 

Comparative Embryology. 

Forestry. 

Agricultural Entomology. 

Music Classes. 

Practical Pathological Bacteriology. 

Chemical Laboratory 

Experimental Pharmacology. 

Italian Language and Literature. 

Celtic (for Classes not qualifying for Graduation). 

German Literature, twenty lectures. 

International Private Law. 


Number of Non-Matriculated Students who have paid the Entrance Fee, 
Ist May 1895 to 1st May 1896—84. 


Other Courses may be sanctioned under this Regulation. 

Students are subject to the disciplinary jurisdiction of the 
Senatus. Among offences visited with severe academic penal- 
ties may be mentioned riotous or disorderly conduct, copying 
at examinations, and mutilating or disfiguring books belonging 
to the Library. 


20 Graduation Ceremonials—Academic Costume. 


UNIVERSITY EXAMINERS. 

The Examiners for Degrees are the Professors of, or Lec- 
turers on, the different subjects, along with additional Examiners 
appointed by the University Court. As a general rule, no Pro- 
fessor, Lecturer, or University Assistant or Demonstrator can 
be appointed an additional Examiner. 


GRADUATION CEREMONIALS. 


The relative precedence of each Faculty is as follows :—1. Divinity ; 
2. Law; 3. Medicine; 4. Arts; 5. Science; 6. Music. The Deans 
take precedence in their respective Faculties, followed by the Members 
of their Faculties in the order of the dates of their Commissions. 

Public Graduation Ceremonials are held annually about the middle 
of April (chiefly for Divinity, Law, Arts, Science, and Music), and 
about the first of August (for Medicine and Science). A special Cere- 
monial is usually held about the beginning of November (chiefly for 
Degrees in Medicine). 

Graduates must appear on these occasions in Academic Costume. 


ACADEMIC COSTUME.! 

Chancellor.—Robe of Black Brocaded Satin, trimmed with Gold 
Lace, and with Gold Frogs down fronts and on sleeves. Black Silk 
Velvet Trencher, with Gold Button and Tassel. 

Vice-Chancellor, — Robe and Trencher same as Chancellor’s, but 
trimmed with Silver in place of Gold. 

Rector, —Black Silk Gown, with Crimson Silk Velvet sleeves. The 
gown is trimmed round the collar and down the front edges with Broad 
Gold Lace, and the sleeves round bottom with a narrower Gold Lace. 
Black Silk Velvet Trencher, with Gold Button and Tassel. 

Principal.—Mauve Corded Silk Robe trimmed with Velvet to match. 
Black Silk Velvet Trencher, with Gold Button and Tassel. 

Members of University Court,—Black Silk Robe, open sleeve, with 
Gold Frog on each sleeve. 

With all of the above, Hoods appropriate to the Degree are worn, 

The ordinary form of Gowns worn by Graduates of the University is 
the same in all the Faculties—viz., black silk or stuff, with long sleeves. 
The distinctive part of the costume is in the Hood appropriated to each 
Faculty. These Hoods are as follow: 

LL.D.—Black cloth, lined with d/ue silk. 
LL. B.—Black οὐδῷ, lined with d/ue silk, bordered with white fur. 


1 Graduates are requested to appear for Graduation wearing one hood only—viz., 
the one which indicates the Degree they are about to receive. : 


Regulations of University Court. 31 


B.L.—Black sz/k, edged with 4/we silk three inches broad, trimmed 
with white fur. 
D.D.—Black cloth, lined with purple silk. 
B.D.—Black sik, lined with purple silk, bordered with white fur. 
M.D.—Black cloth, with appended cape, lined and faced with crzm- 
son silk. 
M.B. and C.M.—Black s/f, lined with crimson silk, bordered with 
white fur. 
D.Sce.—Black cloth, lined with green silk. 
B.Sc.—Black s/f, lined with greer silk, bordered with white fur. 
M.A.—Black οὐδῷ, lined with w/z¢e silk. 
D.Litt.—Rich claret cloth, with wzte corded silk lining. 
D. Phil. —Rich dark blue cloth, with white corded silk lining. 
Mus. Doc.—Rich scarlet cloth, with rich w/z¢e corded silk lining. 
Mus. Bac.—Scarlet sz7k, with wAzte silk lining, edged with w/zve fur. 
The full Academic Dress for Doctors is a Gown of superfine Scarlet 
Cloth, loose sleeves, the cape and facings down the front covered, and 
the sleeves lined, with rich silk of the colour proper to the Degree. 
Birretum of black silk velvet. 


REGULATIONS OF UNIVERSITY COURT. 
I.—ABSENCE OF PROFESSORS. 


1. When any Professor shall be prevented from teaching his Class 
for more than three successive days, an arrangement shall be made for 
his Class being taught in his absence; and such arrangement shall be 
intimated to the Dean of his Faculty. 

2. When any Professor has reason to expect that the demands of his 
Profession may involve absence from duty for more than four days in 
all in the course of a Session, an arrangement similar to that in Regu- 
lation 1 shall be made and intimated to the Dean of his Faculty. 

3. No arrangement for teaching a Class in absence of the Professor 
shall continue longer than one week without the sanction of the Senatus 
Academicus ; or, if there be no sufficiently early meeting of the Senatus, 
without the γε) ἦγε sanction of the Principal and Deans Committee. 

4. When any Professor shall contemplate an absence from duty of 
more than one week, it shall be necessary for him to obtain the sanction 
of the Senatus for such absence, and for the arrangements for teaching 
his Class; and if his contemplated absence extend to four weeks or 
upwards, the sanction of the Senatus shall require the confirmation of 
the University Court. 

5. No Professor shall employ any one other than a Colleague or Univer- 
sity Assistant to teach his Class for him, without obtaining the sanction 
of his Faculty ; and such sanction shall be communicated to the Senatus 
at its first meeting thereafter. 

6. The Statement of the arrangements for teaching a Class in the 
absence of the Professor, submitted to the authorities of the University, 


32 Regulations of University Court. 


shall specify the remuneration proposed to be given to the Professor’s 
Substitute. 
II.—ABSENCE OF EXAMINERS. - 


1. Any University Examiner who finds himself prevented fron 
being present at any Examination at which it is his duty to act, shall 
intimate this to the Dean or other Chairman of his Examining Board, 
who, on receiving such intimation, or otherwise becoming aware of the 
absence of the Examiner, shall, if possible, appoint a properly qualified 
Substitute to act for such Examiner. 

2. In every case in which a person is appointed to act as Substi- 
tute for a University Examiner, and in which his Faculty, or Examining 
Committee, shall consider it necessary that the Substitute shall receive 
remuneration, the rate of remuneration to be paid by the Examiner 
(whether a Professor or Additional Examiner) to his Substitute shall 
be fixed by the Faculty, or Examining Committee, and shall be based 
upon the amount of the Fees payable to the Additional Examiners 
attached to the Faculty or Examining Committee. 

3. All absences of University Examiners, their duration and cause, 
and the relative arrangements made, shall be immediately reported 
for approval to the Senatus Academicus by the Chairman of the Board 
to which the absent Examiner is attached ; and a similar Report shall 
in every case of the absence of a University Examiner be made by 
the Senatus Academicus to the University Court ; provided always 
that such arrangements shall receive immediate effect when circum- 
stances do not permit the previous approval of the Senatus Academicus 
to be obtained. 

4. In every case in which a Professor shall apply for leave of 
absence from his duties generally, provision shall be made, under the 
existing Regulations regarding leave of absence to Professors, for the 
performance of his duties as Examiner, as well as for the performance 
of his duties as Teacher ; and provision shall be made for the remu- 
neration of his Substitute in both capacities. 


III.—APPLICATIONS FOR ADDITIONAL (OR NON-PROFESSORIAL) 
EXAMINERSHIPS IN THE UNIVERSITY. 


1. Applicants should lodge sixteen copies of their applications (one 
of which should be signed), and sixteen copies of any testimonials they 
may desire to present, with the Secretary of the Court, not later than 
one week before the day fixed for making appointments in each case. 

2. Applicants who send in testimonials must not send more than four 
for any one appointment. 

3. Persons may be appointed to examine in two of the thirteen 
Subjects of the Examinations for Graduation in Medicine, but not more, 
and not in more than one Subject in any one Division of the Examina- 
tions. 

4. Every applicant for an appointment in Divinity must hold the 
degree of B.D, from a Scottish University. 


Regulations of University Court. 33 


Every applicant for an Examinership in Law must be a Bachelor of 
Laws of a Scottish University. 


IV.—OPENING OF NEW CLASSES. 


No class in addition to those existing in the University shall at any 
time be opened,—whether for the purpose of dividing the course on a 
subject necessary for graduation, or for teaching a class not requisite for 
graduation,—without the approval of the Senatus and the sanction 
of the University Court. 


V.—RECOGNITION OF EXTRA-ACADEMICAL TEACHERS. 

1. Every applicant for recognition shall furnish for the information of 
the Authorities of the University :— 

(1.) A Statement of his Registered Qualification or Qualifications, 
and of the name of the Office, or Appointment (if any) 
which he holds, as a Teacher of the Subject in which he 
requests recognition. 

(2.) A Syllabus of his Course of Lectures; or, in the case of a 
Practical Class, information of a similar kind. 

(3.) A Statement of the number of Lectures, and of the number of 
Written or Oral Examinations in the Course; or, in the 
case of a Practical Class, information of a similar kind. 

(4.) A Short Description of his Accommodation for a Class ; and of 
the Apparatus, Illustrative Specimens, Diagrams, and other 
appliances, at his disposal for teaching the Subject in which 
he desires recognition. 

(5.) A Statement of his opportunities of studying the Subject, and 
of the length of time devoted thereto. 

(6.) A Statement of the experience he has had in teaching the 
Subject. 

(7.) A Note of the Titles of his published Contributions to the 
Science of the Subject. 

(8.) A Statement as to whether his Course or Courses of Instruction 
have been already recognised by any University or other 
examining body, and, if so, what means were adopted for 
ascertaining his qualifications for teaching. 

2. In the case of every Applicant for recognition residing in Edin- 
burgh or its neighbourhood, an inspection shall be made of his teaching 
Appliances and Accommodation for teaching. 

3. Every recognised Extra-Academical Teacher shall annually furnish 
the University with the information regarding his Course or Courses 
which is required from the University Professors as to (1.) The number 
of Students attending the recognised Course or Courses of Instruction ; 
(2.) The number of meetings for ordinary Class Work in the Session, 
and in each week thereof; (3.) The number of Special Written Exami- 
nations; (4.) The system of conducting the ordinary Class Work, and 
the number of meetings devoted to each kind of work. 


ς 


34 University Buildings. 


4. The Certificate of Attendance granted to Students by recognised 
Extra-Academical Teachers, should, in all cases, state the duration of 
the Course and the number of Meetings for Systematic, Tutorial, and 
Practical Instruction, respectively ; the number of occasions on which 
attendance was ascertained, and the number of those occasions on 
which the Student was present ; and the number of Class Examinations 
held during the Course, and whether or not the Student has taken a 
satisfactory part in the work of the Course, including the Class Exami- 
nations, ifany. The Certificate should also state the general scope of 
the Course; and, in particular, in the case of Chemistry, that the 
Course included Organic as well as Inorganic Chemistry ; in the case 
of Midwifery, that it included the diseases of Women and Children ; 
and, in the case of Practical Materia Medica, that it included Pharma- 
cognosy, Pharmacy, Dispensing, and the writing of Prescriptions. 

5. When application is made for the recognition of a Course taught 
by two or more Teachers in conjunction, information shall be given of 
the share to be taken by each Teacher in such conjoined Course ; and 
the recognition of such conjoined Courses, and of each of the persons 
recognised as Teachers of a conjoined Course shall, zAso facto, terminate 
should one or more of the Teachers cease to conduct the Course, or 
should any material change be made in the share of each Teacher in the 
teaching of the conjoined Course. 

6. The recognition of any Teacher who fails to furnish the infor- 
mation called for in Section 3, or an explanation relative to such 
failure ; or who has ceased for the period of two consecutive Sessions 
to teach the subject on which he is recognised, shall, 2259 facto, 
terminate. 


0 


Qnibvbersity Huildings. 


HE University Buildings at present consist of: (1) The 
College, or University (Old) Building, with Dome, in 
South Bridge Street ; (2) The New Buildings (School of Medi- 
cine), Teviot Place; and (3) The Music Class Room, Park 
Place. 


I.—THE UNIVERSITY (OLD) BUILDING. 

The Old Building, on the site of ‘‘ Kirk οὐ Field,” the scene 
of the murder of Darnley, contains the Library and Reading 
Rooms; the Class Rooms of the Faculties of Arts, Divinity, 
and Law, the Natural History, and some other Science Class 


} 


University Buildings. 35 


Rooms ; the Theological Library and Reading Room; the 
Examination Hall ; the Physical, and the Geological and Petro- 
logical Laboratories ; the Fulton Engineering Laboratory ; the 
Physical, Geological, Fine Art, and Natural History Museums ; 
the Senate Hall, University Court Room, and the Offices of 
the Senatus, the Court, and the Students’ Representative 
Council. 

The work of teaching began in 1583, but before the end of 
the eighteenth century, the professors and students had been 
very imperfectly housed. In a Memorial, dated 1768, Principal 
Robertson complains that the buildings, “ poor in themselves, 
seem not to have been carried on according to any regular 
plan, such as takes place in other academical structures which 
have been erected on more opulent foundations ; and hence the 
whole fabric has a mean, irregular, and contemptible appear- 
ance.” At that time the number of students was between six 
and seven hundred, and that of professors twenty-one. 

Twenty years later a writer in the “Scots Magazine” com- 
plains that “fin 1788 the buildings of the University are in the 
same ruinous condition that they were in in 1768, and the most 
celebrated University at present in Europe is the worst accom- 
modated.” A scheme for rebuilding, often discussed, was now 
taken up seriously by the Town Council, encouraged by promise 
of liberal aid from Government. A plan was obtained from 
Robert Adam, then at the height of his reputation, and the 
foundation stone of ‘“‘the New College of Edinburgh” was 
solemnly laid on 16th November 1789. 

Adam’s original plans, preserved in the Soane Museum in 
London, divide the space now occupied by the College buildings 
into two quadrangles, a smaller to the east, entered as now 
from South Bridge Street, and a larger beyond it to the 
west, with a block of academic buildings lying between. This 
arrangement was doubtless suggested by the rapid rise of the 
ground from north-east to south-west. Round these two courts 
there were to be Class Rooms, Museums, a Library, and also 
houses for the Principal and Professors. The western side of 
the larger court was to be occupied by a Graduation Hall and 


36 University Buildings. 


Chapel; and the great quadrangle was to be flanked with cor- 
ridors, affording communication between the class-rooms. The 
building, begun chiefly on the eastern and northern sides, was, 
however, soon stopped by the death of the architect in 1792, and 


by failure of funds. In 1815 a Government Commission was 


appointed to collect funds and to carry out the undertaking, 
though in a modified form. They invited plans “for finishing 
the College of Edinburgh, on a reduced scale, leaving out the 
south front, and the cross building, which formed the small 
court in the original plan,—regard being always had to the 
part already executed, and to the preservation of the archi- 
tecture of Mr Adam, as far as practicable.” Out of nine sets 
of plans sent in, those of William Henry Playfair were selected, 
and under his superintendence the work was practically com- 
pleted in 1828, at a total cost of about £161,000. 

The general character of the whole design is due to Robert 
Adam. Some portions were erected by him, or completed after 
his death from his drawings. In other parts some modification 
of his plans and elevations was necessary, while a third portion 
had to be designed anew by Playfair, who was careful to con- 
form to Mr Adam’s design. The handsome eastern facade, 
with its monolithic columns 22 feet in height, was erected by 
Adam, who intended to have embellished it with a certain 
amount of sculpture. He also erected the north-west corner of 
the great court, of which the circular Loggie form an admired 
feature, carried out part of the north side, and began the 
western block. Playfair threw the two courts into one, and 
designed the north and south interior elevations anew. In the 
western block he adhered to Adam’s designs ; but the interior 
treatment of the block, fitted up for the Natural History 
Museums, is his own; and the ‘‘ Upper Museum,” now the 
Natural History Laboratory, is a good specimen of his style. 
The “circular corners” designed by Adam for his great court 
were retained by Playfair for his single quadrangle. On the 
exterior, the north front is Adam’s, and its plainness is due to 
the fact that only a narrow lane instead of the broad Chambers 


Street then bounded the College on that side. Adam’s hand- | 


University Buildings. 37 


some design for the south front was simplified by Playfair, but 
is still superior to the north elevation. 

The difficulty of the levels in the quadrangle was satisfactorily 
overcome by Playfair by surrounding the court with a terrace, 
which affords a suitable architectural base for the noble build- 
ings rising above it. But Playfair’s great achievement is the 
Library Hall, a fine gallery 185 feet by 54 feet, with an arched 
ceiling enriched with cassettes, but inadequately lighted. 

The general effect of the buildings is simple and dignified. 
The material is mainly Craigleith stone, and the detail carving 
is well worked out. The single quadrangle, measuring 242 feet 
6 inches from east to west, by 134 feet from north to south, is a 
great improvement on the original plan of 1789, though the 
essentials of the design are due to Adam. The interior eleva- 
tions of the quadrangle, especially on the west, and the eastern 
front to South Bridge Street, may safely be pronounced excel- 
lent specimens of the neo-classic style. 

THE DOME. 

Adam’s original design provided for a Dome over the eastern 
portal, but as his sketch was not very pleasing, no steps were 
taken to carry out this feature until 1883, when funds came into 
the possession of the University, bequeathed for this purpose 
by Robert Cox, Esq., W.S. It was then determined to carry 
out the Dome on a new design by R. Rowand Anderson, LL.D., 
Architect of the University New Buildings (School of Medicine). 
The present Dome, though less purely classical than the Adam- 
Playfair building, is pleasing and effective. An admirable finial 
is formed by a vigorous and athletic figure of Youth, bearing 
the torch of Knowledge, executed in bronze by John Hutchison, 
Esq., R.S.A. The Dome now contains the Fine Art Museum. 


Il_—THE UNIVERSITY NEW BUILDINGS. 
(SCHOOL OF MEDICINE.) 


In 1869 the number of students had risen to fifteen hundred, 
and that of the Professors to thirty-three, while there were 
seventeen Class Rooms only for their use. A Committee was 


48 ζ)ριΐυογεῖέν Buildings. 


therefore formed in 1873, and an appeal was made to the public 
for subscriptions for the purchase of a site for and the erection 
of complete Class Rooms, Theatres, Laboratories, and Museums 
for the Faculty of Medicine ; for reorganising the Class Rooms 
in the Old Building for the Faculties of Arts, Divinity, and 
Law ; for providing better accommodation for the Library ; for 
erecting a Hall for examinations and academic ceremonials ; 
and for improving the north front of the College building. 

This appeal to the public yielded a sum of £148,548, 2s. 5d., 
which, with a grant of £80,000 from Government, and interest, 
rents, &c., amounted to £244,587, 4s. 8d. 

These buildings (the University New Buildings, begun in 
1878) were partly opened for teaching purposes in October 
1880, and after their completion, were transferred by the 
Committee to the University in October 1888. They are situated 
on a site formerly covered by Teviot Row, Park Street, and 
Park Place, and were designed by R. Rowand Anderson, 
LL.D., Architect, and completed under his supervision. 

They contain the Lecture Rooms, &c., of the Faculty of 
Medicine (excepting those of Botany and Natural History), — 
the Museums of Practice of Physic, Anatomy, Chemistry, 
Obstetrics, Materia Medica, and Surgery ; a Students’ Reading 
Room, Students’ Common Room, Faculty of Medicine Recep- 
tion and Reading Rooms, and Office of the Faculty. 

The style of architecture is Italian of the Cinque-Cento period, 
intermediate between the Gothic and the stiff Palladian work, 
which aims at a mere manipulation of the five orders. The main 
frontage presents a slightly projecting elevation, pierced by the 
archway which forms the principal entrance. Over the arch is 
an ornate window, flanked by pilasters, between which are niches 
for statuary ; and the whole is surmounted by a bold semi-circular 
pediment, intended to be occupied with sculpture. The facade 
is three storeys in height except in the projecting west wing, 
which has an additional floor. On the ground floor the windows 
are square. Above these runs a well-marked string-course orna- 
mented with dentils. The first-floor windows are round-headed 
and furnished with architraves. Next comes a broad frieze, 


Oniversity Buildings. 39 


relieved at intervals with circular panels. Over this the string- 
course is repeated ; and the upper-floor windows are separated 
by pilasters, and divided by shafts supporting circular tracery. 
The wall is finished at the top with architrave, frieze, and cornice, 
and crowned with a low-pitched roof. The external features 
have of course been influenced by the internal arrangements. 


THE M‘EWAN HALL. 


The building which completes the group of the University 
New Buildings, or School of Medicine, is the M‘Ewan Hall, the 
munificent gift of William M‘Ewan, Esq., M.P., Edinburgh. 
Dr R. Rowand Anderson was also the architect of this build- 
ing, which stands on the ground formerly occupied by Park 
Street. The Greek Theatre forms the basis of the design. The 
longer diameter of the semicircle is 134 ft.; the shorter, includ- 
ing the platform recess, is 107 ft. ; and the total height is 90 ft. 
At the north-west corner, and connecting the Hall with the 
present buildings, is to be erected the Campanile, 32 ft. square 
at the base, and rising to a height of 275 ft. At the south-west 
corner is the entrance to the principal staircase, and on the 
outer circumference of the circle are two double staircases for 
access to the galleries. No fewer than seven entrances to the 
Hall are provided. One of the chief of these is in the base of 
the tower. The Hall is capable of holding 3000 people, and will 
be used for Examinations, Academic Ceremonials, Concerts, etc. 
A large platform and ample floor space and galleries have 
accordingly been provided, and a great organ is to be erected 
over the platform. The platform is placed on the straight (west) 
side of the Hall, and has seats for the Chancellor, the Rector, 
the Principal, the University Court, the Senatus, the Curators, 
&c. The roof is domical in form, deeply panelled, pierced with 
circular lights, and has in the centre a skylight 25 feet in 
diameter. It is constructed entirely of steel. The external 
elevation conforms to the early Italian of the rest of the build- 
ings. The great circle of the Hall is divided vertically by 
powerful buttresses, while horizontally the lines correspond with 
those of the west facade. The elevation is divided into three 


40 University Library. 


stages ; the first panelled with circular lights, the second a 
blank wall, while the third stage is arcaded. On the two prin- 
cipal stages the buttresses have niches for figures. The wall is 
surmounted by a cornice and balustraded parapet, above this 
appears the clerestory, and over all rises the domical roof. The 
Hall was begun in 1889, and will probably be completed in 
1897. 

i“ IIIl.—REID. SCHOOL “OF MUSIC 

The School of Music, situated immediately to the south- 
east of the University New Buildings, was built in 1858, from 
the designs of the late David Cousin. It contains the Music 
Class Room, with an organ of four manuals and sixty-six stops, 
in a handsome carved oak case ; and a Museum of interesting 
acoustic and antique musical instruments. 

The architecture of the building is in the Italian Renaissance 
style of the early part of the sixteenth century. 


0 


Gnibersity Pibrarp. 
LIBRARY COMMITTEE. 


HE Library Committee consists of not more than seven 
members, not being members of the Senatus, appointed by 
the University Court, and of such number appointed by the 
Senatus as shall be double the number appointed by the Court. 
The Committee is charged with the superintendence of the 
Library, and of any libraries acquired, or to be acquired, for the 
use of the University. The members of the Committee are 
appointed by the University Court and the Senatus respectively 
at their first meeting in the Winter Session. 
Principal Sir WILLIAM MUIR, 
Sir THoMAS CLARK, Bart., 
Professor EGGELING, 
J. Burcess, C.1.E., LL.D., 
Rey. J. Sutherland Black, LL.D.; Professor Crum Brown; James 
Taylor Brown, Esq., LL.D.; Professor Chrystal; James Colston, Esq. ; 


} Chairmen. 


} Conveners. 


University Library. 41 


Professor Copeland ; Professor Cossar Ewart; Professor Flint ; Pro- 
fessor Hardie; Rev. Edward F. Hoernle, M.B.; Professor Kirkpatrick ; 
Professor Niecks ; J. Balfour Paul, Esq.; Professor Prothero; Professor 
Rutherford ; Professor Saintsbury ; Professor Simpson ; Professor Tait. 


In 1580 Mr Clement Littil or Little left his books to ‘‘ Edin- 
byrgh and Kirk of God thair to reman.” This collection of 
about 300 volumes, chiefly theological (see list in Miscellany 
of the Maitland Club, vol. i., 1834), was transferred by the Town 
Council to the University, and became the nucleus of the Uni- 
versity Library, which was gradually augmented by donations 
from citizens of Edinburgh and alumni of the University, and by 
the contributions of graduates. 

The celebrated Poet, Drummond of Hawthornden, bequeathed 
his library to the University in 1627—a valuable gift, both from 
the eminence of the donor, and the rare specimens of early litera- 
ture it embraces (see Auctarium Bibliothece Edinburgene, 
1627). 

Among noteworthy donors are Principal Adamson; Dr Robert 
Johnston, a physician in London; the Rev. James Nairne of 
Wemyss, in Fife; Dr John Stevenson, Professor of Logic and 
Metaphysics in the University; and Dr William Thomson, 
Professor of Anatomy in the University of Oxford. In 1872, 
Mr J. O. Halliwell, the eminent Shakespearean critic, presented 
his very valuable collection of works relating to Shakespeare. 
In 1875 a large collection of Persian and Arabic MSS. was pre- 
sented by Mr J. B. Baillie of Leys ; in 1879 an extensive collec- 
tion of MSS. was received from the executors of David Laing, 
LL.D.; in 1880 the works on Economic Science collected by 
Professor Hodgson were presented by Mrs Hodgson; in 1882 
valuable works on Sanskrit Literature were presented by the 
family of Dr John Muir; and in 1886 Mr Thomas Stratton be- 
queathed 110 works bearing on the study of Celtic In 1889 Mr 
William Mackinnon, Balmakill, purchased the library of Dr 
Cameron of Brodick, an eminent Celtic scholar, for £600, and 
presented them to the University ; and the same year the Library 
received a collection of MS. Shakespeariana from Mr Halliwell- 
Phillipps, and a number of books belonging to the late Professor 


42 University Library. 


Wilson, from Mrs Wilson. A “ Lorimer Collection,” in memory 
of the late Professor Lorimer, was presented by his son-in-law, 
Sir David P. Chalmers. In 1895 Professor Blackie left to the 
Library his collection of modern Greek books ; and important 
additions were obtained from the Goodsir bequest, and from 
Major Sprot, as representative of the late Dr Cleghorn of 
Strathvithie. 

The Library contains about 191,000 printed volumes, and 
about 7500 MSS., many of which are of great value. 

The University also possesses a number of valuable pictures 
and busts, which adorn the Library and the Senate Hall. 

The Library Hall, and the suite of rooms connected with it, 
occupy the south side of the quadrangle (Old Buildings). 

In 1895 the following Library Regulations were laid down by 
Ordinance (No. 64) :— 

I. The Librarian shall have the ordinary management of the Library of the Uni- 
versity, subject to the superintendence of the Library Committee appointed under 
the provisions of Ordinance No. 8 [St Andrews, Aberdeen, and Edinburgh, No. 1,— 
Libraries and Museums]. 

II. The Librarian, and such Assistant-Librarians as the University Court, on the 
report of the Library Committee, may think necessary, shall be appointed by the 
University Court. The University Court shall also have the power of suspending or 
dismissing such Librarian and Assistant-Librarians. 

III. All books ordered for the Library by the Library Committee shall be sent 


direct to the Librarian, and all books received by him shall be forthwith catalogued 
by him in such manner as the Library Committee may direct, and stamped with the 


Library stamp; and no person shall be allowed to use or borrow any book until it 


has been entered in the catalogue and stamped. 

IV. The Librarian shall, with the approval of the Library Committee, from time 
to time prepare a list of such books, manuscripts, and other works as cannot, in con- 
sequence of any deed of gift or otherwise, be lent out of the Library ; and the Library 
Committee shall from time to time make such regulations as they shall think ex- 
pedient for allowing access to such works for consultation. 

V. Manuscripts, rare books, works of reference, and such other works as the 
Library Committee shall determine, shall not be lent out of the Library, except 
under regulations to be made by the Library Committee and approved by the Senatus 
Academicus and the University Court ; and, in addition to such general regulations, 
the Library Committee may, in each individual case of borrowing such works, 
impose such special conditions as they may think necessary or expedient : Provided 
always that every such special permission and all such additional conditions imposed 
by the Library Committee shall be entered in the Minute-Book of the Committee. 

VI. It shall be in the power of the Librarian at any time to withdraw any work 
from circulation, subject to appeal to the Library Committee. 


-— Betis ie 


| 
| 


University Library. 43 


VII. It shall be in the power of the University Court, after consultation with the 

Senatus Academicus, and on the report of the Library Committee, to sell or exchange 
such works as they consider it in the best interests of the Library to dispose of. 
f VIII. A general inspection of the Library shall take place at such times and during 
such periods as the University Court, on the report of the Library Committee, shall 
determine, and all works whatsoever, and by whomsoever borrowed, shall be returned 
to the Library before the commencement of such periods, under a penalty previously 
fixed and publicly notified by the University Court. 

IX. The Library Committee shall frame regulations to be approved by the Uni- 
versity Court, under which the persons hereinafter mentioned may respectively 
borrow or consult books. Such regulations shall prescribe, 7z¢ex alia, (a) the num- 
ber of books which the said persons shall be entitled to borrow; (4) the period for 
which they shall be allowed to retain them; (c) the penalties to be imposed in the 
event of their failure to return books in due time, or in the event of books being lost 
or injured. 

The persons entitled to borrow books shall be :— 

1. Members of the Senatus Academicus and University Lecturers. 

2. University Assistants and Examiners. 

3. The Librarian and Assistant-Librarians. 

4. Matriculated Students. 

5. Extra-academical Teachers, recognised by the University Court, in the town in 

which the University is situated. 

6. Students enrolled in any Scottish University as attending the lectures of extra- 
academical teachers in the town in which the University is situated, and who 
are already entitled by Ordinance to the use of the Library. 

7. Persons who have retired or who shall hereafter retire from the office of Principal 
or Professor. 

8, Members of the University Court. 

9. Members of the General Council. 


Provided that no member of the University Court or of the General Council shall 
be entitled to obtain from the University Library books required by the Teachers or 
Students of the University in the prosecution of academic work and research, and 
that it shall be in the discretion of the Librarian, subject to appeal to the Library 
Committee, to decide from time to time what books are so required. 

In fixing the number of books to be borrowed by the aforementioned persons 
respectively, due regard shall be had to the preferable claims of those engaged in 
teaching and studying in the University. 

X. Members of the General Council shall be required, as a condition of exercising 
the privilege of borrowing books, to pay such subscription as the University Court 
shall fix from time to time. 

XI. The University Court shall determine what sum, if any, shall be deposited by 
those entitled to borrow books. 

XII. The Library Committee, with the approval of the University Court, may 
admit to the use of the Library, upon such conditions as to subscription and other- 
wise as they may require, members of the General Council of other Scottish 
Universities and Graduates of the University who, by reason of being under the age 
of twenty-one years, are not qualified to be members of the General Council. 

XIIL. It shall be in the power of the Library Committee from time to time to grant 


44 University Library. 


the use of the Library to such extent and on such conditions as they shall think 

expedient to persons who may not be members of the University, for purposes of 

literary research, and the names of those privileged readers shall be reported annually 
to the University Court. 

XIV. So long as any Library subscription or any fine incurred remains unpaid, and 
so long as any person continues in possession of a book which he is not entitled to 
retain, the right of the defaulter to the use of the Library shall be suspended and 
remain in abeyance. 

XV. The Library Committee shall, in an annual report to the Senatus Academicus, 
furnish information as to: 

1. The state in which the borrowing registers are kept, and whether there is in use 

any finding list or other means for facilitating the recall of books. 

2. The condition of the various catalogues, whether they are brought up to date 
or not; the amount of arrears, if any, of the cataloguing of the titles of 
current acquisitions; and what portions of the Library, if any, remain 
uncatalogued. 

3. The amount of money spent in the purchase of books and periodicals respectively, 
and how the expenditure has been distributed among the several departments 
of literature and science. 

XVI. At such time as shall be fixed by the Senatus Academicus the Librarian 

shall report to the Senatus in reference to the year then ended: 

1. The particulars of every case of admission to special reading privileges. 

2. The particulars of every case in which the right to the use of the Library has 
been suspended or is in abeyance. 

3. Every case in which a book belonging to the Library has been replaced at the 
expense of a borrower. 

4. The titles of all books belonging to the Library, known to have been lost or 
seriously injured, or found at the time of inspection to be amissing. 

5. The titles of all books entered as missing in previous reports which have been 
recovered. 

6. The number of accessions to the Library acquired by purchase and received in 
donation respectively. 

7. Any other matter which the Librarian may think it of importance to bring 
under the notice of the Senatus Academicus, or which he may be directed 
by the Library Committee to report. 

The Senatus Academicus shall forward the report to the University Court. 


The following Regulations are at present in force :— 


I. The Library is open for giving out Books to Readers, on 
loan or for reference, every lawful day during the Winter Session, 
from Ten to Four, Saturdays, Ten to One; and during the 
Summer Session and Autumn from Ten to Three, Saturdays 
Ten to Twelve ; except in August, the Christmas vacation, and 
the week in which the Spring Holiday occurs, when the Library 


ἑν 


University Library. 45 


(not the Reading-Rooms) is open from Ten to One, except on 
Saturdays and holidays, viz. :—the Queen’s Birthday, Christmas 
Day, New Year’s Day, Good Friday, and the Edinburgh Spring 
and Autumn Holidays. The Students’ Reading-Rooms are open 
daily during the Winter Session from Ten to Four, and Eight 
to Ten P.M. ; Saturdays Ten to One. 

II. Each Member of Senatus, and each University Lecturer, 
may have at one time twenty-five volumes at most. 

III. Each University Assistant may have at one time ten 
volumes, and not more. 

IV. Each University Examiner may have five volumes, and 
not more. 

V. The Librarian may have at one time ten volumes, and not 
more ; and each Assistant-Librarian four volumes, and not 
more : Provided books borrowed by the Librarian, or by any 
Assistant-Librarian, are entered in the Library Books, in the 
same manner as books borrowed by other persons. 

VI. (1) Every Matriculated Student may have two volumes 
at one time, and may retain any book for two weeks ; and may 
re-borrow any book for successive periods of two weeks, unless 
applied for by another person. In exceptional cases Students 
may be allowed by the Library Committee to take out more 
than two volumes at a time: Provided that every Student, 
before borrowing books, must exhibit his Matriculation Ticket, 
and at least one Professors Ticket, and deposit £1 at the 
Matriculation Office, after which his name will be enrolled in 
the Library books. (2) No certificate of attendance on a class 
may be granted by a Professor to any Student without produc- 
tion of evidence that the Student has duly returned all books he 
has borrowed from the Library. 

VII. Each extra-academical teacher, recognised by the Uni- 
versity Court, is entitled, on paying an annual subscription of ten 
shillings and sixpence, to take out five volumes, and not more. 

VIII. Each Student enrolled as attending an _ extra- 
academical teacher in Edinburgh (under Ordinance No. 16, 
Edinburgh, No. 1, Section VIII., Sub-section 5) has the same 
Library privileges as a matriculated Student ; and no certificate 


46 University Library. 


of attendance on the lectures of such teacher may be given to 
any Student without production of evidence that the Student 
has duly returned all books he has borrowed from the Library. 

IX. Each person who has retired from the office of Principal 
or Professor is entitled to take out ten volumes, and not more. 

X. Each Member of the University Court and of the Library 
Committee is entitled to take out ten volumes, and not more. 

XI. Each Member of the General Council is, in each year on 
paying ten shillings and sixpence to the Library, entitled to take 
out four volumes at a time ; and a payment of five guineas, 
instead of such yearly subscription, entitles him to the like 
privilege for life. The year is held to date from the day on 
which the subscription is paid, as recorded on the reader’s 
ticket and in the Library Books. 

XII. In consideration of the annual payment of five pounds 
by the Royal College of Surgeons to the University, each Fellow 
of the College resident within ten miles of Edinburgh, is, in each 
year in which he pays a subscription of one guinea to the 
Library, entitled to take out ten volumes. 

XIII. Subject to the provision as to the return of books at 
the annual inspection, every person in each of the above classes 
is entitled to retain each book for one month from the date 
of borrowing, if the book has been borrowed between the frst 
day of October and the ¢thirticth day of April inclusive, and 
for two months from the date of borrowing, if the book has been 
borrowed between the fi7s¢ day ef May and the thirtieth day of 
September inclustve, except in so far as the special rules as 
given above are applicable ; and further, after the expiration of 
such period of one month or of two months, as the case may 
be, he may retain each book until the annual inspection in 
October, unless notice is received by him requiring the return 
of such book. The form of notice requires the return of the 
book within a certain period to be specified therein, under 
penalty of not less than one shilling a volume, if the book 
be not returned within such period; and after the expiration 
thereof, under a further penalty of sixpence a volume for each 
day, as long as the book is not returned, until the amount of the 


Reading Rooms. 47 


fine exceeds the sum for which the book can be replaced. Such 
penalties to be also specified in such notice. 

XIV. A general Inspection of the Library, and of the record 
of borrowing and returning books, takes place (as above pro- 
vided by Section VIII.) annually tn the first week of October. 

XV. During the annual Inspection, the Library is closed, and 
all works must be returned before the beginning of such period, 
under a penalty of not less than one shilling a volume ; and 
in the event of any volume not being returned before the ex- 
piration of one week after the last day of the inspection, the 
fine is repeated weekly until such volume is returned, or until 
a copy of the work of equal value is, at the expense of the 
borrower, placed in the Library in its stead. The amount of 
the fine, in the case of works borrowed by special permission, 
may be fixed either by general regulation of the University 
Court, or by special condition imposed by the Library Com- 
mittee. 


READING ROOMS. 
I. OLD BUILDINGS. 


A separate collection of books is set apart for the use of 
Students. 

Those wishing to consult books must insert in one of the 
slips provided for the purpose their Matriculation Number, 
Name and Residence, and the title of the Book, and present 
the slip to the Librarian in attendance. 

Each slip will render the person who has signed it responsible 
for the book named. The counterfoil of the slip should, there- 
fore, be reclaimed from the Librarian when the Book is returned, 
or whenever the Book applied for is not available. 

Every volume must be returned by the borrower before 
leaving the Reading Room. Students are forbidden to leave 
the Books on the table ; they are required to hand them to the 
Librarian, and to get back the counterfoils. To prevent con- 
fusion, this should be done a few minutes before the close of 
each hour by those about to attend classes. 


48 Reading Rooms. 


Besides the books in the Reading Room, each Student may 
consult in the Reading Room Two Volumes daily from the 
General Library : Provided he has handed in slips applying for 
them on the previous day, before 2 p.m. To such books the 
same rules will apply as to those consulted from the Reading 
Room. 

No conversation or noise is permitted in the Reading Room. 

The Librarian is responsible for the management of the 
Reading Room. Any difficulty that may arise must be referred 
to him, or, if necessary, through him to the Library Committee. 

Students, on first applying for books in the Reading Room, 
must exhibit their Matriculation Tickets. 

All books taken into the Room from the General Library shall 
be examined and returned to their place in the General Library 
each day. No books shall be issued from the General Library, 
for use in the Reading-Room, after 3.20 in Winter or 2.30 in 
Summer; and all books from the General Library shall be 
given up in the Reading-Room at 3.45 in Winter and 2.45 in 
Summer. 

The Reading-Room is open daily during the Winter Session 
from ΤΟ to 4 and from 8 to 1o P.M., and is available for either 
men or women Students. Books required from the General 
Library must be demanded in writing before 3 o’clock. 

A Special Reading-Room is set apart for women students. 


II. NEW BUILDINGS. 


In the New Buildings is a Students’ Reading-Room con- 
taining Books of Reference for those attending the Classes in 
the Faculty of Medicine. The Regulations as to consulting 
Books are similar to those in the Reading-Room in the Old 
Buildings. See p. 58. It is open daily, from 9 A.M. to 5 P.M. ; 
Saturdays, 10 to 12. It is open in September and during the 
week in which the Spring Holiday occurs (Saturday excepted), 
from Ten to One. It is closed during August and the Christmas 
Vacation, and on holidays and Saturdays during the Summer 
Vacations. 


| 


| 


Theological Library—FPortraits and Busts. 49 


THEOLOGICAL LIBRARY. 


This Library, founded in 1698 for Students in Theology, 
contains above 10,000 volumes. The management is vested in 
six Curators, chosen by ballot by the “ Cives” of the Library 
from their own number. Students of Divinity of this or other 
Scottish University are admitted as Cives on paying: the 
former, two shillings and sixpence; the latter, five shillings, 
per annum. No one who, when a Student of Divinity in this 
University, failed to enter as a Civis, may afterwards do so 
until he has paid up the arrears of two shillings and sixpence 
for each year of his Theological Course in which he failed to 
pay. No Civis can be elected a Curator unless at least in 
the second year of his attendance at the Divinity Hall. The 
election takes place in the second week of December, one-third 
of the Curators going out annually by rotation. The Curators 
elect one of their own number to be Treasurer. The Curators 
and Treasurer report the state of the funds, &c., to the Cives, 
the Theological Faculty, and the Senatus. The books pur- 
chased are selected by the Curators, subject to the approval of 
the Faculty of Divinity. The Professor of Divinity, who is 
ex officio Honorary Librarian, annually appoints an acting 
Librarian. Books may not be kept out of the Library longer 
than two months. 


PORTRAITS anv BUSTS ΙΝ THE SENATE HALL, LIBRARY, 
COURT ROOM, ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, MUSIC 
CLASS ROOM, anp DOME.} 


I. PORTRAITS. 


There are twenty-seven Portraits of Benefactors, Principals, Profes- 
sors, and others, by Raeburn, Sir John Watson Gordon, and other 
Artists, in the Senate Hall, four in the Library, sixteen in the 
University Court Room, and one in the Music Class Room. 


1 There is a separate printed Catalogue of the Portraits and Busts in the Univer- 
sity, and of the Torrie Collection. A detailed Catalogue will also be found in the 
Calendar for 1890-91, p. 61, as well as in the previous Calendars. 


D 


5° Torrie Fine Art Collection. 


Portraits presented since 1890. 
In Senate Hall. 
James Lorimer, M.A., LL.D., Dr Jur., Professor of Public Law 
(1862-1890). 
Joseph Black, M.D., Professor of Chemistry and Medicine (1766- 
1795). 
In Court Room. 
General Sir Joseph Straton, Benefactor of the University. 


II. Busts. 

There are forty Busts in the Upper Library Hall, two in the Anato- 
mical Museum, and one in Room in Dome. 

In order to honour and perpetuate the names of Benefactors who 
have founded Scholarships, Bursaries, or new Chairs in the University, 
the University authorities have made arrangements for placing their 
Busts or Portraits in the Library and University Court Room. 

Regarding as Benefactors the eminent Professors who have elevated 
the character of the University by their writings or discoveries, the 
University desires to procure Portraits or Busts of James and David 
Gregory, Colin Maclaurin, Matthew Stewart, Dr Cullen, Dr James 
Gregory, Dr Alison, Dr Chalmers, Sir Chas. Bell, Lord Woodhouse- 


lee, Dr Thos. Chas. Hope, Professors Ross, Macdougall, Muirhead, 
Sellar and Campbell Fraser. 


Busts presented since 1890. 
In Library Hall. 

Rt. Hon. John Inglis, D.C.L., LL.D., Lord Justice-General, Chan- 
cellor of the University (1868-1891). ἃ 

John Rae, M.D., LL.D., Arctic Explorer. 

James Miller, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S.E., &c., Professor of Surgery 
in the University (1842-64). 

John Goodsir, F.R.S., Professor of Anatomy in the University 
(1846-1867), bequeathed by his brother, Dr Robert Goodsir. 


TORRIE FINE ART COLLECTION. 


Sir James Erskine of Torrie, by a Will, dated Apri] 1834, bequeathed 
to the University his Pictures, Bronzes, and Marbles, ‘‘ for the purpose 
of laying a foundation for a GALLERY for the encouragement of the 
Fine Arts.” The collection is at present temporarily deposited in the 
National Gallery until funds can be obtained for its suitable display in 
the College, and for carrying more fully into effect the intentions of the 
testator. 

The Pictures, forty-five in number, include choice specimens of the 
works of different Masters, especially in the Flemish and Dutch Schools. 
The Marbles, seventeen in number, and twenty-three Bronzes, have been 
chosen with a correct appreciation of the merits of this department, and 


the whole collection reflects credit on the taste and public spirit of Sir 
James Erskine. 


Museums. 51 


Museums. 


MUSEUM COMMITTEE, consisting of three members, 

not being members of the Senatus, appointed by the 
University Court, and of six appointed by the Senatus, is 
charged with the superintendence of all Museums belonging 
to the University, and of any collections, furniture, or apparatus, 
or objects acquired for the use of the University or of any 
class therein. The members are appointed by the University 
Court and Senatus respectively at their first meeting in the 
Winter Session of each year. 


Members of Committee appointed by the University Court. 

Sir James Alexander Russell, M.A., M.B., C.M., B.Sc. ; Patrick 
Heron Watson, M.D. ; John Duncan, M.D. 
Appointed by the Senatus Academicus. 

Professors Tait, Geikie, Fraser, Greenfield, Sir William Turner, 
Rutherford. 

Of the following Museums several belong partly or wholly 
to the Professors of the respective subjects :— 

1, NATURAL PHILOSOPHY MUSEUM. AQ large and very 
valuable collection of physical apparatus, chiefly modern. 

2. MUSIC AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.—A very interest- 
ing and valuable collection of acoustic and musical instruments. 

3. GEOLOGICAL MusEUM.—For class purposes, showing the 
characters of minerals and rocks, and the typical fossils of the 
different geological systems. 

4. FINE ART MUSEUM.—A small collection of casts, photo- 
graphs, and drawings, in the Dome above the portal, illustrating 
the main points in the history of classical art. 

5. MUSEUM OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN. — This 
Museum is open to Students. 

6. PHYSIOLOGICAL MUSEUM.—A large collection of Physio- 
logical Instruments, Microscopes and Microscopical Appliances, 
Diagrams, and Preparations, partly belonging to the Professor. 

7. PRACTICE OF PHysIC MUSEUM.—Pathological specimens, 
drawings, models, diagrams, etc., the property of the Professor, 


52 Museums. 


8. ANATOMICAL MUSEUM.—Founded in 1800 by Dr Monro, 
secundus, who presented his own Anatomical Collection, and 
that of his father, to the University, “to be used by his succes- 
sors for the purpose of demonstrating and explaining to the 
Students the structure, physiology, and diseases of the human 
body.” In 1859, Sir David Monro, M.D., presented a collection 
of anatomical preparations, formed by his father, Dr Alexander 
Monro, ¢er¢7us. Numerous additions were also made by Pro- 
fessor Goodsir, especially in the department of Comparative 
Anatomy, on whose death the Senatus purchased his Private 
Museum, and added it to the Collection. The Museum now 
contains several thousand specimens in illustration of Human 
Anatomy, both normal and pathological, and of Comparative 
Anatomy. 

The Conservator will gratefully receive contributions of rare 
and interesting specimens from Graduates and former Students. 
He is especially desirous of making the collection thoroughly 
representative of the osteology of the different Races of 
Men. 

The Collection was transferred in 1884-5 to the University 
New Buildings in Teviot Place, where it is arranged in a large 
and handsome Hall with two galleries. It is open at certain 
hours to all matriculated students. The pathological collection 
occupies the upper gallery. The spirit-preparations in illustra- 
tion of normal Human and Comparative Anatomy are arranged 
in the lower gallery. The osteological collection is disposed in 
the cases on the floor, and suspended in the centre of the Hall. 
In 1887 the Henderson Trustees committed to the custody of 
the Conservator their valuable collection of crania and casts. 

Conservator of the Museum, the Professor of Anatomy ; 
Assistant-Conservator, Mr James Simpson. 

9. CHEMISTRY. MUSEUM.—Professor (afterwards Sir Lyon, 
now Lord) Playfair, on his resignation of the Chair of Chem- 
istry, presented to the University the chemical substances 
he had used in illustrating his lectures. The collection has 
been increased by gifts from chemical manufacturers and others, 
and by substances prepared in the University Laboratory. 


Museums. 53 


to. THE OBSTETRICAL MUSEUM, besides a few preparations 
left by Professor Hamilton, contains instruments, preparations, 
models, and diagrams, collected by Sir James Y. Simpson, and 
added to by the present Professor of Midwifery, to whom they 
belong. 


11. THE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY.—The old Museum, 
established in 1812 in the University, contained Zoological, 
Geological, and Mineralogical Collections, formed chiefly by 
Professor Jameson, for fifty years Professor of Natural History 
and Regius Keeper of the Museum. In 1854 it was transferred 
by the Town Council, then the Patrons of the University, to 
Government, and removed to the Natural History Department 
of the New Museum of Science and Art, where it is still acces- 
sible to Students of Natural History and Geology. 

A Zoological Museum is now being formed in the University. 
Graduates and others interested will greatly aid in this im- 
portant undertaking by presenting specimens to the Keeper— 
the Professor of Natural History. 


12. MATERIA MEDICA MUSEUM.—One of the most complete 
collections of medicinal and food substances in this country, 
founded by Professor Andrew Duncan. His successor, Sir 
Robert Christison, added many valuable specimens, mounted 
for the most part by himself with singular neatness. The 
present Professor has made extensive additions. The Museum 
has been greatly enriched by interesting donations from former 
members of the Class in all parts of the world. There is also 
a Students’ Reading Museum, containing specimens of the 
medicinal substances used in this country, formed and arranged 
by the present Professor. 


13. SURGICAL MUSEUM.—This collection, formed by Pro- 
fessor Spence, has been largely extended by the present Pro- 
fessor, to whom it belongs. Many additions have been made, 
both of pathological preparations and of plaster and gelatine 
casts, illustrative of Surgical Anatomy and Pathology. A com- 
plete catalogue may, on application, be consulted by practi- 
tioners of medicine. 


54 Royal Botanic Garden and Arboretum. 


ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN AND ARBORETUM. 


The Royal Botanic Garden, Inverleith Row, is connected 
with the University, in so far as the Professor of Botany 
delivers his Lectures in the Hall in the Garden. 

The Garden is open daily. Specimens of plants for study 
are supplied to Students so far as practicable. 

The Botanical Museum in the Garden is open to Students 
daily, and the University Herbarium, which is placed in the 
Garden, may be consulted between ro and 1, and 2 and 5, under 
the direction of the Professor or the Curator. 

The Botanical Laboratory in the Garden is open daily for 
work and original research. 


SHaculty of Arts. 


Dean.— PROFESSOR CHRYSTAL, LL.D. 


Students who do not intend to graduate in Arts may attend any of 
the Classes on payment of the Matriculation and the Class Fees, without 
having passed any Preliminary Examination. Those who intend to 
graduate must pass the Preliminary Examination. The Classes in the 
Faculty are now open to Women, except a few in which provision has 
not yet been made for teaching them. Provision has, however, been 
made to admit Women to Graduation in Arts who have received the 
requisite instruction at certain Extra-Academic Schools in Edinburgh in 
the subjects in which classes are not open to them in the University. 

The classes will be opened as follows, and will meet daily (Saturdays, 
excepted), unless otherwise stated. They will meet for the last time before 
the Christmas vacation on Friday, 18th December; will re-assemble 
on Tuesday, 5th January 1897, and will be closed on Friday, 26th 
March 1897. The Annual Graduation Ceremonial in Arts, &c., will 
be held on Saturday, 10th April 1897. 


Programme of Classes. 
WINTER SESSION, 1896-97. 


2 D f Openi d Professors and Cl 
Giese SAT oo ed aoe ὶ Fees! 
I, —DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. 
: π5 (δὲ: 9) ofcl: Ὁ Ales Oc. 
inion Matin: τ. «τινος & also on Mon. | | li 8. 9 
᾿ & Wed. 11o’cl. }|Prof. Hardie 4 
enion Watim?:.......... 13\Oct:; 10> 5 Si 
Honours Latin......... I Oct, 12 al [ S13 
3 ἢ ν᾽ 
13 _Oct.c.5 10. 39) ( 
. &alsoon Τιι65., | 
Junior Greek........ ΤῊΣ & Fri., Diprom Butcher } 33 
Senior Greek?.......... Okt, 1τ cls | | | 3.83 
Honours Greek ....... TAOCH. 1055.4: | ὑπ 3 
Classical Archeology’ 0 ἘΝ ‘Prof. Baldwin 
(Honours Caeeiy Wg OC rp esa) yp BIOWD'...2c.7=5 3 3 | 
BMGIISH..5.<2.0520555- m3; Octsyied ᾿ς: | 
English Literature hs Oct., 2 ἐ Prof. Saintsbury 7.2 
(Honours Course)*}| 6Jan., 2 ,, 
English Language | 14 Oct., 3 ,, | |G. Gregory | , , 
(Honours Course)! {| 6Jan., 3 ,, f| Smith,M.A. {| 9 9 | 
French (Pass)?....... ΤΟΙ; 3. Ὁ eee 7. 
‘ French (Honours).. ' TARO Cte 4... ares τον 3.93 
ΕΠ ΠΣ. τος πνυκνννς r4s@ct:, 5.45 | Ἶ ἐν 3555 


1 Fees for second, third, and subsequent attendances, see page ὅτ. 

2 Students who wish to take the Classes of Senior Latin, Senior Greek, French 
or German, as qualifying for Graduation in Arts, must have previously passed in 
Latin (Higher Standard), Greek (Higher Standard), French, or German respec- 
tively, either as part of their Preliminary Examination or in addition thereto. 

3 The hour may be altered to suit the class. 

4 This Course may be divided into two Half Courses. Fee for each, £2, 2s. 

5 An Honours Course may be given by Dr Sarolea. 


56 Faculty of Arts—Programme of Classes. 
WINTER SESSION, 1896-97—continued. 


Class 


Days of Opening and) _ Professors and 
|Fees.t 


Classes. Hours of Attendance. Lecturers. 


I.—DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE—cont. £ 5. 


German (Pass)?......... 13) (δὲ... 2. ΟἿΟΙ͂; : ΠΑΡ τ ες: 
German (Honours)*... 14 Oct., 3 ,, see Schlapp ... a3 
Sanskrit (Junior Class) 14 Oct., 3. ,, Ἰ : δι 2 
Do. (SeniorClass)* 14 Oct., 2 ,, ‘Prof. Eggeling 338) 
Hebrew (Junior Class) 13 Oct., 1 ,, | ous 
Do. (SeniorClass)’i27 Oct., 2 ;, gues 
Arabic® (Mon., | 
Wil. ee Brie. ek Odes fale ee eae an 
Syriac® (Zues. & | | 
STABLY S 2) Vacca ase 'eees's 27 Oct. Saas k 22 
Gelfics a eaccietcerses Ine ον aan ss 2. 2 
Do. Advanced Σ 19 Oct., 3 ,, Prof. Mackinnon..|4 I I 
Gaelic Class......... Ζοιί οῦν δ΄ 1 
II.— DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 
Logic ἃ Psychology...|13 Oct., 1 o’cl.) | QS) 
| Metaphysics and 
Hist. of Philosophy +-120°Octs, 3. ,, {|p = ca aaa ee 
(Honours Class)... 
Moral Philosophy...... 12. οἷ, “2. ,>.. \'|/Brof. 9 sGalder: 3 
Do. Honours Class.../21 Oct., 3 ,, wood 2 2% 
Political Economy ὅ...13 Oct., 5 5; Prof. Nicholson...) 3 35 
Education (Theory, Ἀ : 
History, & Art of) \14 Oct:, 3:10 ),, \\Brof. Warne Τα τ By 8} 
Philosophy of Law® \ Prof. Sir Ludovic 
(45 Class Meetings) 15 Oct., 2 71) Grant, Bart... Rone 
Natural ‘Fheology , : 
: Dates will beafter- Prof. Tiele, of 
aes Lecture- (| ards announced. Leyden ee ; τς 
IIJ.—DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE. 
Junior Mathematics...{13 Oct., 12 0’cl. } sens 
Senior Mathematics’ |13 Oct., 9 ,, [ ag 
; ΤᾺ ΘΟΕ lilies. Prof. Chrystal... 4 
| Bre ΠΡΊΝ εν Inter-} | "(Afon., Wed., | 3 3 
| mediate Honours.. | Fee) j 


1 Fees for second, third, and subsequent attendances, see page 61. 
2 See footnote 2, page 55. ‘Twenty Lectures on German History and Literature 
may be attended separately. Fee, £1, 15. 


3 Students who wish to take the Classes of Sanskrit, Hebrew, Arabic, Syriac, or — 


Celtic as qualifying for the M.A. Degree, must have previously passed an Examina- 
tion in these Languages equivalent in standard to the Examinations in Latin and 
Greek in the Preliminary Examination. 

4 When taken as a Graduation Course, £3, 3s. 

5 Or two Half-Courses, £2, 2s. each. Course up to Christmas qualifies in 
Economics for the B.Sc. in Agriculture. 6 Half-Course. 

7 Students who wish to take the Classes of Senior Mathematics or Natural Philos- 
ophy as qualifying for Graduation in Arts, must have preyiously passed the Inter- 
mediate or Higher Standard Examination in Mathematics either as part of their 
Preliminary Examination or in addition thereto. 


παν [ν. 


mas (Graduation 


\ 


Faculty of Arts—FProgramme of Classes. 57 
WINTER SESSION, 1896-97—continued. 
Glas Days of Opening and Professors Batlie| Class 
ASSES: Hours of Attendance. Lecturers. Fees.t 
III.—DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE—continued. 
- \14 Oct., 10 o’cl. ) | LS: 
ec oe (Mors Wel. [ret Chrystal......| 3 3 
72. 
Natural Philosophy*..!13 Oct., 11 ,, 3.3 
Do. (Advanced | 
iionours, Zon:, >|21 Oct., 12 ,,. Ὁ Prof. Tait...... 3,3 
WCU CETL.) acces 
Physical Laboratory..|19 Oct., 10 ,, J | Dy 393 
Natural Philosophy aa ( 
(Intermediate | 
Honours, J/on., 14 Oct, 9 5, Can 3 3 
; | Cargill G. 
Wed., Fri.)....... r | Knott, D.Sc 4 
Dynamics, Advanced ἐῶσι πῇ | 
Science (Moz., -\14 Oct.,10 ,, 3.3 
ΤΠ: 12... 7.7.2.)-........Ψ | [ 
Astronomy (770ο7ι., 
Tees Wed. Thurs.) 15. Oct., 11" 5, | Prof. Copeland..| 3 3 
Chemistry, with {13 Oct., 10 ,, Prof. Crum 4 4 
PracticalChemistry (| 1Dec.,11&2,, § | Brown Sy} 
Zoology* (Elementary)| 13 Oct., 12 ,, ἢ (al sata 
Practical Zoology ) | | | 4 
(Elementary)... [1:9 Oct, 11 ,, Pie Pcofy Ewanth eee) ee 
Advanced Zoological \ | | | 
Laboratory.......... J JA IL 
fee hi 4 Oct, 2:,, | J. Beard, D.Sc...) 2 2 
Botany (Advanced) το οί» bh lay A { 2 2° 
Practical Botany a Prof. Balfour.. τε 
(Advanced) ....... Oca 3 3 
Geol Ogyerscdes seses ess Nelo Octs nm Al ss (Ὁ ofl 
Practical Geol. and | | 
Min. up to Christ- +| 14 Oct., 2 ,, Prof. Geikie...<|| 2 2 
( | | 
ι 


Half-Course) 


1 For second, third, and subsequent attendances, see page ὅτ. 


2 See footnote 7, page 56. 


3 With Practical Zoology, a full Course, but the whole Course must extend over at 
least 75 separate days. Any student whose attendance on the Elementary Course 
of Lectures and the Elementary Practical Class of Botany or Zoology does not en- 
title him to a full Certificate for Graduation in Arts, may make up the seventy-five 
attendances required on separate days, by attending twenty-five Lectures of any 
other Course in the Botanical or Zoological Department, as the case may be, without 


additional fee. 


4 Besides charge of 10s. for Laboratory Expenses. 


5 Besides Garden fee of 5s. 


58 Faculty of Arts—Programme of Classes. 


WINTER SESSION, 1896-97—continued. 


Professors and Class 
Lecturers. Fees. 


Classes. |Days of Opening and 


Hours of Attendance. 


IV.—DEPARTMENT OF HisTory AND LAw. 


LES: 

History (Honours) 13 Oct., 2 o’cl. Prof. Kirkpat- 
Course onWyelte } Hon Pee ThA ΤῸ τα ἀπ ς \ 3 3 
History (British, es- 3 
ἘΠῚ Pangea 13, Oct, 22's, 3 3 
oy peel | Prof. Prothero 

ourse on ‘‘ The Oct 
Creation of the[) 14 or? T° » 3 3 
British Empire’’) a 
onstitution 5 : 
Maas. 15 δι ΒΡ. | Prof. Kirkpatrick) 4 
Roman Law.......... 15 Oct., <4" Ben 2523 
History of Roman | | Prof. Mackin- 

Law (44 Class || tosh.... A 2 

Meetings) ........ | | 
Ecclesiastical History | 27 Oct., 11 ,, Prot. Paylousees zeal 
Archeology and Art \ | 
(History of) serene ἢ 13 Oct., 3. » Prof, Β 3 
ClassicalArchzeology "BL a 
(Honours Cours, | τ Oct wh) 55 aide ὀοῦθοο ΝΟ 
Mon., Tu., Wed.).. } | 
Public International | | Prof. Sir Ludo- 

Law (45 Class\| 5 Jan., 2 4, >|) @vic SiGrant 2 2 

Meetings) 4........ | Batta eee 


SUMMER SESSION, 1897. 
The Classes will be opened as follows, and will be closed on Friday, 16th July. 


Classes. | Days and Hours. | Profs. and Lecturers. | ClassFees. 


I. DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. Pa 
Senior Latin (Gradua- ) | 


tion Half- Course)’ f| 4 May, ΘΟ sl rams Jamieson, 2 
Honours Latin (Gra- \ M.A. 
duation Half-Course) f| + BES SE τ et 


Senior Greek Sesto) ΝΣ ΤτΣ 
tion Half-Course)’.. || 4 Y» ea 

Honours Greek (Gra- [ 
| duation Halt Conse) | 4 May, Ὁ» 

1 For second, third, and subsequent attendances, see page (Sie ᾿ . 

2 Full Course, qualifying both for Arts and for Law Graduation, in two distinct 
Half-Courses. 

3 Fee for Winter Session. For Winter and Summer, £5, 55: 

4 Half-Course. 5 See footnote 2, page 55: 


A. Douglas [2 = 


Thomson,M. A. |: 5 


Faculty of Arts—Programme of Classes. 


SUMMER SESSION, 1897—continued. 


Classes. 


Days and Hours. 


Profs. and Lecturers. 


599 


'\ClassFees.1 


1. DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE—coztinied. 


English _—_ Literature 
(Honours Gradua- 
tion Half-Course, 
Mon., Wed., & Fr.) 

IQMSKM Us τ τον ests cciter cross 

Elementary Hebrew? 

Elementary Arabic....... 


| 5 May, 120’cl. 


4 May, 3 ,, 


mean Way. TOW, 


| 4 May, 11 


3) 


fG. Gregory 
1 Smith, M.A. 


[Prot Eggeling... 
τοί. 


2. DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 


Ancient Philosophy 
(Honours Gradua- 
tion Half-Course, 
Tues. and Thurs.).. 

Ancient Philosophy 
Honours Gradua- 
tion Half-Course, 
Mon., Wed., Fri.) 

Ethics (Honours Gra- 
duation Half-Course, 
Mon., Wed., Fri.)... 

Psychology (Honours 
Graduation, Half- 
Course, Mon., Wed., 
LEGS), Suge BRB ASCE RO ERS 


4 May, 11 o’cl. 


5 Mays Τὸ; 


5 May, 12 ,, 


§ May, rr 5, 


----ᾳ -- - ------------- 


ΜΕᾺΝ 


CharlesDouglas, 
M.A roe 


3. DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE. 


Senior Mathematics ) 
(First Graduation | 
Half-Course)’........ 

Senior Mathematics | 
(Second Graduation } 
Half-Course)'........ | 

Honours Mathematics 
(Graduation iat 
EOUTSE) ss πα ce sates 


Physical Laboratory...... 


Physics (manly for 
Students of Medicine) 
Elementary Dynamics... 


4 May, 11 o’cl.| 


Ale ΜΈΝΕ 12, .. 


4 May, Io 


ΕΣ 


4 May, το 


AuMays 02" 5, 


4 May, Ὁ Ὁ; 


Chas. Tweedie, | 


i Weare Beoc: | 
| 2.2 


[Ῥτοΐ. Tait and}\ 


\ Assistant. 
Prof. Tait. 


iC. G. Knott, D.Sc. 


PERS, eh 


Lo 20 


JKennedy 
|\. and Assistant. 


R. P. Hardie,} } 


J 


Ὁ). 5.92 
ΠΤ 
21 2 


ono 


Σ 2 


2 2 


Nv 


J 


to Ge 


N OO 


1 For second, third, and subsequent attendances, see page 61. , 
2 To prepare Students for entering the Junior Class in Winter Session. 
3 See footnote 7, page 56. 


60 Faculty of Arts—Programme of Classes. 


SUMMER SESSION, 1897—continued. 


Gees | Th and Hours. |Profs. and Lecturers. |ClassFeesa 
3. DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE—continued. LS. 
Advanced Experi- | | : W SBeddie 
mental Physics....... ha σαν ἴθ ἘΠῚ D.Sc. }e : 
Practical Chemistry ...... | 4 ΜΕΥ 92) 055 Professor Crum) {3 3 
Chemistry (Organic)...... ΜΕΥ τὰν | Brown. Dee, 
Zoology (Elementary)*...| 4 May, 12 ,, | J. Beard, D.Sc.) 4 4 
Do. (Elem. Pract.)...... 4 May,? (2 25 
Invertebrate Zoology..... 4 May; 25 al Dims) 
Do. (with Lab. w aa ay a 
Advanced Zoology 
Prof. Ewart..... 
(Comp. Morphol. Ἢ 4 May,? 9 : 13 4 


Invertebrata and | 

Ady. Lab. Course). 
Natural History oe \J 6 
IBOLANY, & bsewsccecssoaeor ts AMMays (Sie 4 48 
Practical Botany....... jt Balfour 


Field Demonstra- 4 Μαγ, 6; 
ἣ 
| 
L 


Ὄπ 


tions on Saturdays. 

Geology (Graduation 

Half-Course, J/on., 
Wed. Pet.) adie str ᾿ 
Field Demonstra- | 
tions 0 Saturdays } 


TUTORIAL CLASSES. 


Classes. 


5 May, 4 55, |) Profs Geikieser 353 


Days and 


Todee University Assistants. (Class Fees. 


Francis R. Jamieson, ᾿ se 


M.A., Lecturer on|}2 2 
Latin Literature. 

A. Douglas Thomson, 
M.A., Lecturer on|}2 2 
Greek Literature. 

William Peddie, D.Sc., 

2 


Junior Latin πων 4 May, 12 


Metnarys@ lass) cpeanse.-s 


Junior Greek (Prelimi- 


mary (Class) es... 0.0. 4 May, II 


Natural Philosophy Ὶ 
(Advanced  Hon- 

QUIS) ἢ μὲν | 

_ Formal Logic (Prelim- ) | 

| inary Class, Fifteen / 

Lectures, 7ues. and 


Lecturer on Natural 
Philosophy. 
ΒΕ. P. Hardie, MA. 


Lecturer on Logic} ;1 1 
| and Metaphysics. ii 


-|4May, 9 


— Se end 


\ 11 May,12 
| 


" AUTSS) ecto eeu 
1 Fees for second, third, and subsequent attendances: see page 61. 
2 See footnote 3, page 57 3 At hours to be arranged. 


4 Besides charge of ros. for L aboratory Expenses. 
5» With Practical Botany a full Course, but the wholes Course must extend over 75 
separate days. See footnote 3, p. 57. 6 Besides Garden Fee of 5s. 


Fees—Laboratortes. 61 


FEES FOR SECOND, THIRD, AND SUBSEQUENT 
ATTENDANCES. 


1. Ordinary Graduation Classes:—(1.) Second attendances on 
£44, 4s. Courses, £3, 35.; third or subsequent attendances, ἜΤ, TS 
(2.) Second attendances on £3, 3s. Courses, £2, 2s. ; third or subse- 
quent attendances, £1, Is. (3.) Ordinary Celtic Class, if not taken for 
Graduation, £2, 2s. ; second or subsequent attendances, £1, Is. 

2. Second attendances on £2, 2s. Lecture Courses (not being 
Honours Half-Courses), £1, 11s. 6d.; third or subsequent attend- 
ances, ΧΙ, Is. 

3. When fee for first attendance is less than £2, 2s., no reduction for 
second or subsequent attendances. 

4. Honours Courses :—(1.) Full Honours £3, 3s. Courses—Second 
attendances, no reduction; third or subsequent attendances, £2, 2s. 
(2.) Half-Honours £2, 2s. Courses—Second attendances, no reduction ; 
third or subsequent attendances, £1, Is. 

5. No reduction for Laboratory or Practical Courses. 

For Matriculation Fees, see pages 27 and 28. 

The following means are afforded for Practical Instruction :— 


LABORATORIES. 


THE PHysICcAL LABORATORY, established with the view of affording 
Students a practical knowledge of the construction and use of physical 
apparatus, and the mode of conducting experimental inquiries, is open 
daily from 10 to 3, under the superintendence of Professor Tait. 

The RovAL OBSERVATORY is open to Students of Practical Astro- 
nomy on Friday evenings from 8 P.M. 

The CHEMICAL LABORATORIES, ZOOLOGICAL LABORATORIES, 
ΟΥΑΙ, BoTANIC GARDEN LABORATORY, GEOLOGICAL AND PETRO- 
LOGICAL LABORATORY, see Faculty of Science. 


Courses of Hectures.’ 
1896-1897. 
I.—DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND 
LITERATURE. 
HU MANIT Y—(Latin). 
PROFESSOR HARDIE. 

Funtor Class—Taught by the Assistant, under supervision of 
the Professor: 9 to 10, five days a week, and Mondays and 
Wednesdays, 11 to12. The work of the Class consists of— 


_ 1 Theannual amount payable for Matriculation, Class Fees, of the regular Course 
in Arts and Graduation Fee may be estimated at about £10, ros 


62 Courses in Faculty of Arts—Latin. 


1. Readings of some Latin author, such as Virgil, Horace, 
Ovid, or Tibullus, Livy, Sallust, and Cicero. 

2. Lectures on Roman History or Literature. 

3. Exercises in Latin Prose Composition. 

4. Translation of passages from Latin into English, and from 
English into Latin “at sight.” 

5. Written Examinations. 

Books recommended.—Bradley’s Arnold’s Latin Prose. Allen’s 
Second Latin Exercise Book. Pelham’s Outlines of Roman 
History. Wilkins’ Primer of Roman Literature. Wilkins’ 
Primer of Roman Antiquities. 

During the Winter Session 1896-97 the following books will 
be read :—Livy, Bks. IX. and XXIV. ; Cicero, Pro Plancio,; 
Virgil, ued, Bk. VII.; Horace, Satzves, Bk. I., Odes, Bk. II. ; 
Sallust, Jugurtha. 

Sentor Class—tio to 11, five days a week. 

This is the class which qualifies for the ordinary Degree of 
M.A.1_ The work of the Class consists of— 

I. Readings of some Latin author, such as Virgil, Horace, 
Cicero (Letters or Speeches), Tacitus. 

2. Lectures on Roman History or Literature. 

3. Weekly Exercises in Latin Prose. 

4. Translation of Unseen Passages. 

5. Written Examinations. 

6. Latin Verse Composition (voluntary). 

Books recommended.—The New Latin Primer (Postgate and 
Vince); Lindsay’s Historical Latin Grammar; Potts’ Hints 
towards Latin Prose Composition ; Pelham’s Outlines of Roman 
History ; Capes’ Early Empire; Cruttwell’s History of Latin 
Literature ; Mackail’s Latin Literature; Rich’s Dictionary of 
Antiquities. 

During the Winter Session the following books will be read : 
—Horace, Odes, III. ; Virgil, etd, VI.; Tacitus, Histories, 1. 


Third (Honours) Class—ti2 to 1. 
The Third (Honours) Latin Class meets four days a week. It 


1 See footnote 2, page 55. 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Latn. 63 


is intended to assist the studies of Candidates for Scholarships 
and Graduation with Honours. The work consists of— 

I. Readings and explanations of more difficult Latin authors, 
such as Tacitus, Lucretius, Plautus, Martial, &c.. 

2. Lectures on Roman History and Literature, chiefly in con- 
nection with the Books read in the Class. 

3. Composition, and Translation of Unseen Passages. 

4. Occasional Critical Papers and Essays. 

5. Written Examinations on the work done in the Class. 

During the Winter Session the following books will be read : 
—Plautus, Audens,; Horace, Epistles 77, and Ars Poetica; 
Juvenal, or Lucan, VII.; Tacitus, Wzstories, I., 11. 

Summer Session, 1897. 
FRANCIS R. JAMIESON, M.A., Lecturer. 
Sentor Class—g to 10, five days a week. 

This class qualifies as a half-course for Graduation! The 
work consists of— 

1. The reading of the Latin authors prescribed for the Degree 
Examination in October 1897 and April 1898. 

2. Lectures on Roman Literature, chiefly bearing on the 
authors read. 

3. Lectures on Roman History, treating of the period pre- 
scribed for the Degree Examination. 

4. Exercises in Latin Prose Composition. 

5. Written Examinations on the work done in the Class. 

6. Translation of passages from Latin into English, and from 
English into Latin “‘at sight.” 

The full Course may be completed by attendance either for 
another Summer Session or for half a Winter Session. 


Third (fonours) Class—tio to 11. 

This Class, in the Summer Session, qualifies as a half-course 
for Graduation with Honours in Classics. It meets four days a 
week, and is intended to assist the studies of Candidates for 
Scholarships, for Graduation with Honours, and for the Indian 
Civil Service. The work consists of :— 


1 See footnote 2, page 55. 


64 Courses tn Faculty of Arts—Greek. 


1. Readings and explanations of some of the more difficult 
Latin authors, such as Tacitus, Lucretius, Plautus, Martial, 
Juvenal, Lucan, &c. 

2. Lectures on Roman History and Literature, chiefly in 
connection with the Books read in the Class. 

3. Essays on questions arising out of the Lectures or Books 
read, and exercises in Latin Prose Composition. 

4. Written Examinations on work done in the Class, and on 
subjects prescribed for voluntary reading. 

During the Summer Session of 1897, the books read will be 
selected from the programmes of work for Honours Graduation 
in April 1898 and April 1899. 

Tutorial Class. 

This Junior Class is intended for students preparing for the 
Preliminary Examination in October, and the work will be 
selected with that view. Special attention is directed to Latin 
Prose Composition, one exercise being done with the Class daily, 
and two written exercises done and corrected in each week. 

GREEK. 
PROFESSOR BUTCHER. 

Funior Class—Taught by the Assistant, under supervision of 
the Professor : 10 to 11 o’clock, five days a week, and 11 to 12 on 
Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays. The work consists of— 

1. Readings of some Greek author, as Xenophon, Lucian, Plato 
(an easy dialogue), Homer, Euripides, or Aristophanes (selec- 
tions). 

2. Lectures on Greek History or Literature. 

3. Exercises in Greek Prose Composition. 

4. Translation of Unseen Passages. 

5. Written Examinations. 

Books recommended.—W. G. Rutherford’s Greek Grammar, 
and First Greek Syntax ; F. E. Thompson’s Elementary Greek 
Syntax ; Clyde’s Greek Syntax ; Jebb’s Primer of Greek Litera- 
ture; Peile’s Primer of Philology; Fyffe’s Primer of Greek 
History ; Oman’s History of Greece, or Cox’s General History 
of Greece, or W. Smith’s History of Greece. 


Ὶ 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Greek. 65 


Sentor Class—i1 to 12, five days a week. 

This is the class which qualifies for the ordinary Degree of 
M.A.!. The work consists of— 

I. Readings of some Greek author, such as Thucydides, 
Demosthenes, Herodotus, Plato; Homer; a play of Aeschylus, 
Sophocles, Euripides, or Aristophanes. 

2. Lectures on Greek Literature, History, or Philosophy. 

3. Greek Prose Composition, or Translation of an Unseen 
Passage once a week, and a Lecture on the passage when the 
exercises are returned. 

4. Written Examinations on the work done in the Class, and 
on subjects prescribed for voluntary reading. 

5. Greek Verse Composition (voluntary). 

Books recommended.—W. G. Rutherford’s Greek Grammar, 
and First Greek Syntax ; Goodwin’s Greek Moods and Tenses; 
Greek Syntax, by F. E. Thompson ; Sidgwick’s Greek Prose 
Composition ; Jebb’s Primer of Greek Literature; Miller ἃ 
Donaldson’s History of Greek Literature ; Jevon’s History of 
Greek Literature, or Mahaffy’s History of Greek Literature; 
Oman’s History of Greece, or Cox’s General History of Greece, 
or W. Smith’s History of Greece; Greek Verse Composition 
(Sidgwick and Morris) ; A Manual of Comparative Philology, by 
Giles. 

During the Winter Session 1896-97, the following books will 
be read :—Aeschylus, Prometheus Vinctus ; Aristotle, Ethics, 
Bk. iv. ; Acts of the Apostles. 


Third (Honours) Class—io to 11. 


This Class meets four days a week. It is intended to assist 
the studies of Candidates for Scholarships and Graduation with 


Honours. The work consists of— 


I. Readings and explanations of some of the more difficult 
Greek authors, such as Thucydides, Demosthenes, Plato, Aris- 
totle, Aeschylus, Pindar, &c. 

2. Lectures on Greek Literature, History, or Philosophy. 

3. Greek Composition, and Translation of Unseen Passages. 


1 See footnote 2, page 55. 
E 


66 Courses in Faculty of Arts—Greek. 


4. Occasional Critical Papers and Essays. 

5. Written Examinations on the work done in Class. 

During the Winter Session 1896-97, the chief work of the 
Class will be some plays of Euripides, and Demosth., Left. 
Aristocr., Timocr. 

Summer Session, 1897. 
A. DOUGLAS THOMSON, M.A., Lecturer. 
Senior Class—i1o to 11, five days a week. 

This Class qualifies as a half-course for Graduation.1 The 
work consists of-— 

1. The reading of the Greek authors prescribed for the Degree 
Examination in October 1897 and April 1898. 

2. Lectures on Greek History or Literature. 

3. Greek Prose Composition, and Translation of Unseen 
Passages. 

4. Written Examinations. 

The full Course may be completed by attendance either for 
another Summer Session or for half a Winter Session. 


Third (Honours) Class—g to 10. 

This Class meets four days a week. It is intended to assist 
the studies of Candidates for Scholarships, for Graduation with 
Honours, and for the Indian Civil Service. The work consists 
of— 

1. The reading of books selected from the programme of 
work for Graduation with Honours in 1898 and 1899. 

2. Lectures on Greek History or Literature. 

3. Greek Prose Composition, and Translation of Unseen 
Passages. 

4. Written Examinations. 

This Class qualifies as a half-course for Graduation with 
Honours. The full Course may be completed by attendance 
either for another Summer Session or for half a Winter Session. 


Junior (Tutorial) Class—i1 to 12, five days a week. 
This Class is intended for Students preparing for the Pre- 


1 See footnote 2, page 55. 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Classical Archeology. 6] 


liminary Examination in October next, and the work to be done 
will be selected with that view. 


CLASSICAL ARCH AZOLOGY. 
PROFESSOR BALDWIN BROWN. 

Classical Archzeology may be taken as one of the optional 
subjects for Honours in Classics. 

An Honours Course of fifty lectures will be delivered in the 
Winter Session, 1896-7, in the Fine Art Class Rooms, on 
Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays, at 5 P.M. 

Additional Class-meetings of a tutorial character will be held 
as often as is found desirable, at hours to be afterwards arranged. 
The treatment of the subject will embrace— 

1. A general survey of the field of study. 

2. An examination of selected passages from ancient authors, 
bearing on the History of Classical Art. 

3. A special study of one particular branch, the theme for 
1896-7 being the Types of Greek Coins, with special reference 
to their value as illustrating Greek Sculpture. (Other special 
subjects, such as the History of Greek Vase Painting, or 
Greek Tektonics, will be taken up in succeeding Sessions.) 

The text-books will be—Overbeck’s “ Schriftquellen” (a col- 
lection of passages from ancient authors bearing on Classical 
Art); Murray’s “Handbook of Greek Archeology” (London, 
John Murray) ; Murray’s “ History of Greek Sculpture,” 2nd Ed. 
(London, John Murray) ; and, for the special subject, Gardner’s 
“The Types of Greek Coins” (Cambridge, University Press). 

The subject will be treated from the artistic standpoint, which 
is now more and more insisted on by writers on this subject. A 
high degree of accuracy and considerable acquaintance with the 
chief Greek and Latin authorities will be required of Candidates 
for Honours, but no previous special knowledge either of Art or 
of Archzology will be expected of those joining the Class. The 
different branches, so far as time permits, will be opened up 
from the beginnings, and students will be assisted in the Tutorial 
Classes to understand technical terms and to appreciate the 


1 The Class hour may be changed if another hour is found more convenient. 


68 Courses in Faculty of Arts—English. 


artistic points which come up for discussion in the Lectures. 
They will also have access at suitable times to the collection of 
illustrations referred to in the Lectures, and to the Class Library, 
which contains some of the standard works. 


RHETORIC AND ENGLISH LITERATURE. 
PROFESSOR SAINTSBURY. 
(Ordinary Course, 4 to 5, five days a week throughout the 
Winter Session.) 

On Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, the Lectures will be 
devoted, before Christmas, to a survey of Style both in Poetry 
and Prose from Chaucer to the Nineteenth Century; after 
Christmas to a similar survey of the General History and 
Contents of the Subject from the earliest texts to the present 
day. On three Fridays during the Session there will be Class 
Examinations, and at fortnightly intervals between them written 
Exercises will be done on Friday in Class. Two subjects for 
longer written Essays will also be given, one before, one after 
Christmas: and there will be Prizes for these Essays, distinct 
from the general Class Prizes. 

On Tuesdays and Thursdays the Lectures will take for text 
the books prescribed for the year, some of which will be read 
page by page and line by line, while others will be dealt with 
more summarily. A certain number of these Lectures will be 
specially devoted to the subject of Rhetoric, the texts being 
“De Quincey’s Essay,” with Whately’s Ahetoric, Bain’s Com- 
position and Rhetoric, and Hodgson’s Errors in English for 
illustration. The prescribed books will always include parts 
of Chaucer, Spenser, Shakespeare, and Milton, together with 
portions of other writers from the sixteenth century to the 
present day. The Lectures on Style will be illustrated from 
Ward’s Poets and Craik’s Prose Selections. 

(Honours Course three days a week throughout the Winter 

Session.) 

The Professor will also give an Honours Course in two 
Halves of twenty-five Lectures each. The Half-Course before 
Christmas will be a Higher Rhetoric Course on the Theory of 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—English. 69 


Prose and Verse in English, opening with a sketch of the History 
of Literary Criticism from Aristotle onwards. The course after 
Christmas will be devoted to some special subject connected 
with the Honours period of the year. The subject for 1897 will 
be “The English Essay-Writers” : that for 1898, “ The Study 
of Nature in the Eighteenth Century.” 


Honours Courses. 
G. GREGORY SMITH, M.A., Lecturer. 
OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH. 


A full Honours Course of Fifty Lectures (in two parts of 
Twenty-five Lectures each) on Old and Middle English will be 
delivered in the Winter Session. 


A.—HISTORY OF OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH. 

The work of this Class (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday from 
3 to 4, beginning on Monday, 19th October) will consist of— 

1. An Historical Outline of the Development of the English 
Language, in regard to (a) Phonetics, (ὁ) Accidence, (c) Syntax, 
and (4) Vocabulary. Special attention will be given to the 
Dialects. 

2. English Palzeography. 

Books for reference.— Sweet's History of English Sounds and 
Oldest English Texts; Ellis’s Early English Pronunciation ; 
Sievers’s Old English Grammar (ed. Cook); Morris and 
Kellner’s Historical Outlines of English Accidence; Kellner’s 
Historical Outlines of English Syntax; Skeat’s Principles of 
English Etymology; Oliphant’s Old and Middle English ; 
Murray’s Dialects of Southern Scotland; Skeat’s Facsimiles 
of Old English Manuscripts. 


B.—OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH TEXTS. 

The work of this Class (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday 
from 3 to 4, beginning on Wednesday, 6th January) will consist 
of (2) Readings in Old and Middle English, with more particular 
attention to some of the books prescribed for the Examination for 
the Honours Degree, and (4) Translation of Unseen Passages. 


yo Courses in Faculty of Arts—French. 


Summer Session, 1897. 
ENGLISH LITERATURE. 

An Honours Half-Course of Twenty-five Lectures on the 
Literature of the Eighteenth Century. r 

The work of the Class (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday from 
12 to 1) will be an Historical and Critical Examination of the 
Literary Principles of the Eighteenth Century. 

Books for reference.—Leslie Stephen’s English Thought in 
the Eighteenth Century; Gosse’s Eighteenth Century Litera- 
ture; Volumes in the “English Men cf Letters” Series ; Prefaces 
in Ward’s English Poets and Craik’s English Prose; Beljame’s 
Le Public et les Hommes de Lettres en Angleterre an dix- 
huttiéme Siecle (Hachette). 


FRENCH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE AND 
ROMANCE PHILOLOGY. 


CHARLES SAROLEA, PH.D., LITT.D., Lecturer. 


Ordinary Graduation Class—3 to 4, five times a week. 

This class qualifies for the Ordinary Degree of M.A.!. The 
work consists of— 

1. Readings of some French author, such as Montaigne, 
Corneille, Racine, Moliére, Boileau, Voltaire, Rousseau, and 
V. Hugo. 

2. Lectures on French Literature or History. 

3. French Prose Composition, or Translation of an unseen 
passage once a week, and a lecture on the passage when the 
exercises are returned. 

4. Written Examinations on the work done in the Class, and 
on subjects prescribed for voluntary reading. 

5. Lectures on the Philology and Historical Development of 
the French language. 

Books to be read during the Winter Session 1896-97 :— 
Lamartine, Discours, Vapoléon le Petit, William Shakespeare ; 
Victor Hugo, Les Chatiments, L’ Année terrible; Musset, Ex- 
tratts ; Rousseau, Extratts; Chanson de Roland. 


1 See footnote 2, page 55. 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Italian. 71 


Flonours Class—4 to 5. 


The Honours French Class meets four days a week. It is 
intended to assist the studies of Candidates for Scholarships and 
Graduation with Honours. The work consists of— 

I. Readings and explanations of Old French Texts, and of 
some of the more difficult Modern French authors. 

2. Lectures on French Literature or History, and on 
Romance Philology. 

3. French Composition and Translation of unseen passages. 

4. Occasional critical papers and essays. 

5. Written Examinations on the work done in the Class, and 
on subjects prescribed for voluntary reading. 

Books to be read during the Session 1896-97 :—V. Hugo, 
La Légende des Siécles, Shakespeare, Les Contemplations ; 
Lanson, Littérature francaise ; Ozanam, Dante. 


ITALIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE AND 
ΠΝ PHIELOLOGY. 


Course of Fifty Lectures on the Honours Standard. 
CHARLES SAROLEA, PH.D., LITT.D., Lecturer. 


This Class meets three days a week. The work consists of— 

1. Readings and explanations of Italian Classics of the 14th 
and 16th century (with special regard to Dante), and of some of 
the more difficult modern Italian authors. 

2. Lectures on Italian Literature and History, and on Italian 
Philology. 

3. Occasional critical Papers and Essays. 

4. Written Examinations on the work done in the Class, and 
on subjects prescribed for voluntary reading. 

Books to be read during the Session 1896-97 :—Dante, 
“ Divina Commedia,” “ De Monarchia” ; Manzoni, “I promessi 
Sposi”; Leopardi, Prose ; D’Ancona, ‘‘ Manuale della Littera- 
tura italiana.” 

Students who desire to attend this Course are requested to 
send their names to Dr Sarolea, University, before 1st October, 


72 Courses in Faculty of Arts— German. 


GERMAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE AND 


TEUTONIC PHILOLOGY, 
OTTO SCHLAPP, Lecturer. 
Ordinary Graduation Class—4 to 5, five times a week. 

This class qualifies for the Ordinary Degree of M.A.!_ The 
work consists of— 

1. Readings of some Middle High German and Sixteenth 
Century Texts, and of such modern German authors as Winckel- 
mann, Klopstock, Lessing, Herder, Goethe, Schiller, Jean Paul 
F. Richter, Heine, Uhland, Gutakow, Freytag, Riehl, and Storm. 

2. Lectures on German Literature or History.” 

3. German Prose Composition, or translation of an unseen 
passage, or a critical paper or German essay at least once a 
week, and a lecture on the papers when returned. 

4. Written Examinations on the work done in the Class, and 
on subjects prescribed for voluntary reading. 

5. Lectures on the Philology and Historical Development of 
the German Language. 

Books recommended.—Weisse, German Grammar; Vietor, 
German Pronunciation; Duden, Etymologie der Neuhochdeut- 
schen Sprache; Behagel, Die Deutsche Sprache; O. Weise, 
Unsere Muttersprache; Koch, Geschichte der Deutschen Lit- 
teratur(Goschen); Roquette, Geschichte der Deutschen Dichtung,; 
W. Wackernagel (ed. E. Martin), Geschichte der Deutschen 
Literatur. 

During the Winter Session 1896-97 the following books will 
be read or interpreted :— Wbelungen; Brant, etc. ; Schiller’s 
Maria Stuart; Heine’s Nordsee. 

FTonours Class—3 to 4. 

The Honours German Class meets four days a week. It is 
intended to assist Candidates for Scholarships and Graduation 
with Honours. The work consists of— 


1 See footnote 2, page 55. 

2 These lectures, a syllabus of which will be published in due time, will be delivered 
in German on Fridays, and may be taken as a separate course on payment of the 
Vive Shillings University Entrance Fee, and a Class Fee of One Guinea. 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Sanskrit, ete. 73 


1. Readings and explanations of Middle or Old High German 
Texts, and of some of the more difficult modern authors. 

2. Lectures on German Literature or History. 

3. German Composition and Translation of unseen passages. 

4. Occasional critical papers and German essays. 

5. Written Examinations on the work done in Class, and on 
subjects prescribed for voluntary reading. 

Books recommended.—\n addition to those mentioned for 
Ordinary Graduation Class: D. Sanders, Deutscher Wortschatz ; 
F. Kluge, Etymologtsches Worterbuch der deutschen Sprache ; 
F. Blatz, Meuhochdeutsche Grammatik ; Victor Henry, Com- 
parative Grammar of English and German; Hermann Paul, 
Mittelhochdeutsche Grammatik; W. Scherer, Geschichte der 
deutschen Litteratur ; Jul. Schmidt, Geschichte der deutschen 
Litteratur von Leibniz bis auf unsere Zeit. 

During the Session 1896-97 the following books will be 
read or interpreted :—A/thochdeutsche Litteratur ; Walther von 
der Vogelweide, ed. Bartsch ; Goethe, Faust, Schiller, Mazve 
und sentimentalische ΠΣ ΝΣ 


SANSKRIT AND COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY. 
PROFESSOR EGGELING. 


A.—SANSKRIT LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. 

1. Junior Class —Grammar and Exercises. Easy Texts (from 
Lanman’s Reader). Easy translations from English into Sanskrit. 

2. Senior Class.—Repetition of Grammar. Translations from 
English into Sanskrit. Texts, such as Kalidasa’s Raghuvansa or 
Sakuntala; Mricchakatika; Manu’s Institutes of Law ; selected 
Hymns of the Rigveda (Lanman’s Reader). 

The Senior Class will be the Graduating Class in Sanskrit for 
the Ordinary M.A.; but those who attend with a view to Gradua- 
tion must previously have passed an examination under Sect. 
IV., subs. 3 of the Ordinance, which will include plain passages 
fortranslation from and into Sanskrit,and grammatical questions. 

Those who propose, in a subsequent session, to take up 
Sanskrit as a graduation subject, may attend the Junior Class 
during the Session 1896-97. 


γ4 Courses in Faculty of Arts—FHebrew, Celtic. 


B.—COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY. 

During the Session 1896-97, the Professor will be prepared to 
deliver a course of Fifty Lectures on the Principles of Indo- 
European Philology and the history of Linguistic Studies, 
provided a sufficient number of Students give in their names. 
This course will qualify as one of the optional Honours Classes 
in connection with Classical Honours. 


HEBREW AND SEMITIC LANGUAGES. 
PROFESSOR KENNEDY. 
See Courses under Faculty of Divinity. 


GELTIG: 
PROFESSOR MACKINNON. 

The Course for 1896-7 will be arranged as follows :— 

I. Lectures.—At the commencement of the Session a course 
of fifteen to twenty lectures will be delivered on Celtic Phonology, 
and in March 1897 a similar course on the Old Period of Gaelic 
Literature. 

2. Reading and Exposition (from middle of November 1896 
till end of February 1897).—(1) Scottish Gaelic: Extracts for 
Reading, Part II.; Stewart’s Grammar. (2) Irish Gaelic: 
Keating’s Three Shafts of Death; O’Donovan’s Grammar. 
(3) Old Gaelic: Extracts for Reading, Part II.; Windisch’s 
Grammar and Irische Texte. 

3. Translations from English into Modern and Old Gaelic. 

Any student who attends this Class with a view to Graduation 
in Arts must previously have passed an examination (under 
Sect. IV., subs. 3 of the Ordinance), which will be in Scottish 
Gaelic, or Irish Gaelic, or Welsh ; and will include translations 
from and into English, with grammatical, literary, and easy 
philological questions. 

The fee for a Student who attends with a view to graduation 
is £3, 35. 

An Advanced Class will meet in the Winter Session, 1896-97, 
on Monday and Friday, at 3 P.M. The Class will read and 
transcribe Old Gaelic Texts.—Fee, £1, Is. 

A Gaelic Class for Junior students will meet in the Winter 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Logic, ete. 73 


Session 1896-97, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, at 3 P.M. 
They will read, on Tuesday and Thursday, Modern Scottish and 
Irish Gaelic, and commence the study of Old Gaelic ; Grammar 
and Exercises on Wednesday.—Fee for this class, £1, Is. 

Text-Books.—Extracts for Reading, Parts I. and 11. ; Stewart’s 
and Joyce’s Grammar ; Windisch’s Grammar. 


I—DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 
LOGIC AND METAPHYSICS. 
PROFESSOR SETH. 
Logic and Psychology—Funior Class—i to 2. 

The course in this class falls into three parts :— 

(1) Elements of Logic, Deductive and Inductive; (2) Outline 
of the main facts of Empirical Psychology, dealing more par- 
ticularly with the facts and processes of cognition ; (3) Introduc- 
tion to the questions of philosophy, with special reference to the 
history of modern philosophy in England. 

1. In the Logical part of the course the text-book used is 
Jevons’s ‘‘ Elementary Lessons in Logic.” 

It is extremely desirable that students, before entering the 
class, should have familiarised themselves with the main 
doctrines of Formal Logic; and a tutorial class (Fifteen Lec- 
tures) for those who desire it is held in summer by Mr Hardie, 
Assistant to the Professor. An examination is held about a 
fortnight after the opening of the Winter Session to test the 
knowledge of the class. It embraces the first twenty-one 
Lessons in Jevons with the exception of Lessons 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 
and 13; for Lesson to students should substitute a printed 
chapter which they may obtain on application at the Matricula- 
tion Office. For those who fail to reach a reasonable standard 
in this examination, separate tutorial meetings will be held 
during the early part of the session. 

The Lectures in Logic will assume this elementary knowledge 
to have been acquired, and will be devoted mainly to the 
principles of the subject. The chief theories of the Judgment 
and the ultimate nature of Inference will be discussed and 
references given to more advanced text-books. 


76 Courses in Faculty of Arts—Metaphysics, ete. 


2. In the Psychological division of the course no text-book is 
prescribed, but frequent reference is made to the leading works 
on the subject, and a manual such as Sully’s “ Outlines,” 
Hoffding’s “Outlines,” James’s ‘“ Text-book,” or Baldwin’s 
“Elements,” may be usefully read in connection with the 
lectures. 

The lectures cover the chief topics of the Psychology of Cogni- 
tion, with the Psychology of the Feelings and the Will in outline. 

3. The Philosophical lectures give a sketch of the earliest 
systems of speculative thought in Ancient Greece and then pass 
to the beginnings of Modern Philosophy. Bacon, Descartes, 
Locke, Berkeley, and Hume are studied in succession. 

Professor Fraser’s “Selections from Berkeley” and certain 
chapters of Locke’s “Essay” and Hume’s “ Enquiry” are used 
in connection with the lectures as an introduction to the problems 
of modern philosophy. 


Metaphysics and History of Philosophy—Honours Class—3 to 4. 


This Class, an Honours Course of fifty Lectures, is intended 
for those who have attended the ordinary course, or have other- 
wise some acquaintance with philosophy. The lectures deal in 
a more advanced way with the chief systems of modern philo- 
sophy, special attention being devoted to Spinoza and Kant. 
Guidance is also given in the study of Advanced Psychology, 
and some of the Lectures deal with the problems of Advanced 
Logic. 


Lectures on Greek Philosophy are delivered as a part of this ἡ 


Course by Mr Hardie, Assistant to the Professor and Lecturer 
in Logic and Metaphysics. 

The Class meets on Tuesday and Thursday throughout the 
Session, and during part of the Session at a separate hour for 
the Lectures on Greek Philosophy. 

Summer Session, 1897. 
R. P. HARDIE, M.A., Lecturer. 
Flonours Courses in Ancient Philosophy. 

Each of the following will constitute a Half-Course qualifying 

for Honours in Mental Philosophy and in Classics :— 


Courses in Facutty of Arts—Moral Philosophy. 77 


A.—Subject, Plato chiefly, but other subjects will be treated, 
in accordance with the requirements of the Class. 

Books. — Among others, Plato, Republic, Theaetetus, and 
Philebus. 

B.—Subject, Aristotle. 

Books.—Two at least of the following :—Aristotle, De Anima 
and Wicom. Ethics, especially Bks. 1.-ἰΝ and X.; Trendelen- 
burg, Elementa Logices Aristotelee. 

Tutorial Class in Elementary Logic. 

This Course of Fifteen Lectures on Logic is intended to pre- 

pare Students for the Ordinary Class of Logic and Metaphysics. 


MORAL PHILOSOPHY. 
PROFESSOR CALDERWOOD. 
Ordinary Class. 

Province and Aim of Moral Philosophy. 

1. PSYCHOLOGY OF ETHICS.—Knowledge of Moral Distinc- 
tions ; form and source of this knowledge ; Rival Theories — 
Intuitional, Utilitarian, and Evolution Theories. Natural Im- 
pulses and Restraints. The Will—its Nature and Laws of 
Exercise. Moral Sentiments. Disordered Impulsive Force. 

2. METAPHYSIC OF ETHICS.— Moral Government of the 
Universe. The Foundation of Virtue. Relation of Divine 
Sovereignty to the Will of Moral Agents. Origin of Evil. 
Immortality of the Soul. 

3. APPLIED ETHICcS.— Man’s Position in the World. A 
necessary Individualism. Formation of Moral Character. 
Organisation of Society. Sociology in Anthesis to Socialism. 
Religious Sentiment. 

4. THE HIsTORY OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY.—The Rise of 
Philosophy ; Distinction of Moral from Intellectual Philosophy ; 
Development of Systems of Moral Philosophy in Ancient and 
Modern Times. 

The Course includes oral and written examinations, and essays. 

Text-Books.—-The Professor’s ‘“ Handbook of Moral Philo- 
sophy ;” Kant’s “Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Ethics ;” 
Sidgwick’s “ Outlines of the History of Ethics.” 


78 Courses in Faculty of Arts—Moral Philosophy. 


ffistories.—Schwegler, History of Philosophy. Windelband 
(special reference to Philosophic Problems). Falekenberg, 
Modern Philosophy. Yor use of terms, Vocabulary of 
Philosophy, Fleming, ed. Calderwood. 


Flonours Class—-3 to 4 on Wednesday and Friday. 

The History of Moral Philosophy from the time of Socrates. 

Subjects of study.—The Sophists, The Teaching of Socrates as 
presented in Xenophon’s “ Memorabilia,” and in Plato’s “ Prota- 
goras” and “Apologia.” The Ideal Philosophy of Plato as de- 
veloped in the “‘ Republic,” and in other Dialogues. Aristotle’s 
“Nicom. Ethics.” The rise of Modern Philosophy ; the “ Method 
and Meditations” of Des Cartes; Spinoza’s “Ethics,” Books 
III., 1V., V. The Scepticism of Hume. The Scottish Philo- 
sophy ; Kant’s Ethical System; Fichte’s Practical Philosophy ; 
Hegel’s Ethics; Schopenhauer’s Pessimism; Later develop- 
ments of Ethical Thought. 

Books.—Zelier’s “ Socrates and the Socratic Schools,” Plato’s 
“Republic,” Jowett’s Translation, Grant’s “ Ethics of Aristotle,” 
Zeller’s “ Stoics, Epicureans, and Sceptics” ; Kant’s “ Ethics,” 
Hegel’s “Philosophy of the State and of History” (Grigg’s 
Philosophical Classics) ; Green’s “ Prolegomena to Ethics”; 
Utilitarianism, as in Mill’s “ Utilitarianism”; in Spencer’s 
“Data of Ethics” and “Justice”; and in Sidgwick’s 
‘Methods of Ethics.” Histories. — Ueberweg’s, and Erd- 
mann’s; Burnet’s ‘Early Greek Philosophy”; Benn’s 
“Greek Philosophers.” 


Summer Session, 1897. 
CHARLES DOUGLAS, M.A., D.Sc., Lecturer. 


Flonours Course in Psychology. 

This Class (a half-course qualifying for Honours in Philo- 
sophy) will] meet at eleven on Mondays, Wednesdays, and 
Fridays, beginning 5th May. 

Attention will be directed mainly to principles and problems 
of ethical and philosophical interest ; results of experimental 
research will be specially kept in view. 

No text-book will be followed, but frequent references will 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Political Economy, etc. 70 


be given to James’ “ Principles of Psychology,” Baldwin’s 
“ Hand-book of Psychology,” Sully’s “ Human Mind,” &c. 
Honours Course in Ethics. 

This Class (a half-course qualifying for Honours in Philo- 
sophy) will meet at twelve on Mondays, Wednesdays, and 
Fridays, beginning 5th May. The course is mainly for students 
who propose to take Honours Classes the following winter. The 
subject will be the recent development of English Ethics ; and 
the lectures will discuss chiefly the books set for the Honours 
Examination: Green’s “Prolegomena to Ethics,’ Sidgwick’s 
“ Methods of Ethics,” and Spencer’s “ Data of Ethics.” 


COMMERCIAL AND POLITICAL ECONOMY AND 
MERCANTILE LAW. 


PROFESSOR NICHOLSON. 


The course, embracing two half-courses of 50 lectures each, 
qualifies for Graduation in Arts. The Lectures will follow the 
arrangement of John Stuart Mill’s Principles of Political 
Economy. 

1. METHODS USED IN ECONOMIC SCIENCE.—Analysis of 
Fundamental Conceptions, Wealth, Capital, &c. 

2. PRODUCTION OF WEALTH.—Division of Labour—Accu- 
mulation of Capital—Growth of Population. 

3. DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH.—Socialism—Land Tenure— 
Wages—Profits—Rent—Trade Unions. 

4. VALUE.—Money—Inflations and Depressions of Trade— 
Commercial Crises—Banking—F ree Trade—F oreign Exchanges 
—Stock Exchange. 

5. ECONOMIC PROGRESS.—Effects of Progress on Value, and 
on the relative Distribution of Wealth. 

6. PRINCIPLES OF THE LIMITS OF GOVERNMENT INTERFER- 
ENCE WITH INDUSTRY.—Direct and Indirect Taxation—Inci- 
dence of Taxes—National Debts—Contracts—Joint Stock Com- 
panies—Patents—Copyrights. 

Although Mill will be used as text-book, references will be 
constantly given to previous writers, 6.9. Adam Smith and 


8ο Courses in Faculty of Arts— Education. 


Ricardo, as well as to more recent writers, ¢.g. Sidgwick, 
Walker, Jevons, Marshall, Bagehot, &c. 

History.—One lecture a week on the Economic History of 
England. This course is not intended to give the history of the 
Theory of Political Economy, but to trace the principal facts 
and institutions in the material and social life of the people 
from an economic standpoint, e.g. Gilds, Feudal System, Land 
Tenures, Ecclesiastical Influence, Serfdom and the Poor, Forms 
and Amount of Wealth, Foreign and Internal Trade, &c. 


THEORY, ART, AND HISTORY OF EDUCATION. 
PROFESSOR S. S. LAURIE. 


THEORY, OR SCIENCE, OF EDUCATION. 
A.—THE END AND MATERIALS OF EDUCATION. 

The Possibilities and Limits of Education. The End of 
Education. The relation of the School to this End. The 
Educative Process generally, whereby the End is attained. 

Materials or Subjects of Instruction conducive to the attain- 
ment of the End, and the carrying out of the Process. Definition 
of subjects of instruction in their school sense. Relative value of 
subjects for instruction and discipline respectively. Distinction 
of Real and Formal, Humanistic and Naturalistic subjects. 


Material conditions of the life and growth of Mind, i.e., Physt- 

ology and tts Educational Lessons. 
B.—SCIENCE OF EDUCATION, Z.e. 

Applied Psychology and Ethics.—1. The Psychology of Intel- 
ligence in its educational relations fully treated. Periods of 
Mental Growth. Methodology or the Principles and Rules of 
the Art of Instruction which the Science yields. 

2. Psychology of the Ethical Nature of Man in its educa- 
tional relations. The Real of Morality (Instruction and Train- 
ing) ; the Formal in Morality (Discipline to Duty). 

C.—ART OF EDUCATION OR APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLES 
AND RULES. 

I. Zntellectual.—Rules of the Art, i.e. Method in Intellectual 

Instruction, Training, and Discipline.—Analytic exposition of 


] 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Education. 81 


the Rules, showing their derivation from the Science of education. 
Application of the Rules to teaching of— 

(1.) Real-Naturalistic subjects, e.g. Object-lessons, Elementary 
Science, Geography, &c. 

(2.) Real-Humanistic subjects, e.g. Language, Literature, 
Economics, History, &c. 

(3.) Formal subjects, e.g. Arithmetic, Geometry, Grammar, 
Foreign Languages. 

Il. Ethical—Rules of the Art,i.e. Methodin Moral Training 
and Discipline.—Motives. The Authority of the Teacher. The 
meaning of Authority. The nature and conditions of its exercise. 
Punishments, Rewards, and school discipline generally. 


Organisation of a School. Organisation of a State-system. 
Ideas governing Primary, Secondary, and University Instruc- 
tion respectively. The Manualand the Technical in Instruction. 
School appliances. Manipulation of a Class. The Teacher. 


D.—HIsTORY OF EDUCATION AND OF THEORIES! 

Pre-Christian Education — τ. Education in Ancient Egypt. 
2. Education among the Semitic Races. 3. Education of the 
Hindu Races. 4. The Education of the Ancient Persians. 
5. Education among the Hellenic Races. The educational 
views of Plato and Aristotle. 6. Education among the Romans. 
7. Detailed analysis and exposition of the Institutions of 
Quintilian. ὃ. Plutarch. 

Christian Education—1. The decay of the Romano-Hellenic, 
and the rise of Christian, Education. 2. The Cathedral and 
Monastery Schools. 3. The Rise of Universities. 

The Renaissance—1. Humanism as represented by Rabelais 
and Montaigne, Erasmus, Colet, Luther, Melancthon, John 
Sturm, Roger Ascham. Exposition of ‘‘ The Scholemaster.” 

The Modern Movement —1. Lord Bacon, 2. Ratichius. 
3. Comenius. 4. Milton. 5. Analysis and exposition of John 
Locke’s “Thoughts on Education,” and the “Conduct of the 
Human Understanding.” 6. Rousseau, Basedow, and Campe. 


1Jn 1896-97 the Lectures will be confined to the Modern Movement. 
F 


82 Courses in Faculty of Arts—Philosophy of Law, ete. 


7. Pestalozzi, Jacotot, Frébel, Jean Paul Richter, Diesterweg, 
Dr Arnold. 8. Dr Andrew Bell and Joseph Lancaster. 9. 
Herbert Spencer and contemporary Realism. 


Note.—The books to be thoroughly studied during the Session, 
apart from the Lectures, are Comenius’ Didactic, and the Pro- 
fessor’s book on “Language and Linguistic Method.” The 
“Institutes of Education” must also be in the hands of the 
student. Four written Examinations will be held during the 
Session, and Three Essays on educational principles or method 
called for. 

PRACTICE IN TEACHING.—Arrangements are made at the 
Training Colleges for securing training in the Practice of 
Teaching to the extent of the requirements of the University 
Schoolmaster’s Diploma now recognised by the Education 
Department. Fee for this, £1, 10s. 6d. Facilities are also 
given for visiting one or two of the principal ὙΠ πι and 
acquiring a knowledge of their organization. 


PHILOSOPHY OF LAW. 
PROFESSOR SIR LUDOVIC GRANT, BART. 


This course of forty lectures, commencing on Tuesday, 15th 
October 1896, at 2, will qualify as a half-course for graduation. 
The Class will meet five days a week. 

Scope of the Science defined. The State, its Functions and 
Legal Institutions, Marriage, Family, Property, Succession, 
Contract, Punishment, &c., examined. The Province of Juris- 
prudence determined. Examination of the Sources of Positive 
Law. Classification of Rights. The Lectures will include an 
historical review of the chief political and legal theories, ancient 
and modern. 

Books of reference.—Ritchie, Natural Rights; Green, Prin- 
ciples of Political Obligation; Lorimer, Institutes of Law; 
Ahrens, Cour de Droit Naturel; Lerminier, Philosophie de 
Droit; Bluntschli, The Theory of the State; The Student’s 
Austin ; Holland, Jurisprudence. Sir Henry Maine’s Works. 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Mathematics. 83 


cee OmD TECTURES ΟΝ NATURAL THEOLOGY. 
Lecturey—-PROFESSOR C. B. TIELE, OF LEYDEN. 


These Lectures were endowed by the late Adam Gifford, 
Senator of the College of Justice, “ for promoting, advancing, 


teaching, and diffusing the study of Natural Theology in the 


widest sense of that term.” ... “The lecturers appointed 
shall be subjected to no test of any kind, and shall not be 
required to take any oath, or to emit or subscribe any de- 
claration of belief, or to make any promise of any kind ; they 
may be of any denomination whatever, or of no denomination 
at all; they may be of any religion or way of thinking, or, as is 
sometimes said, they may be of no religion ; or they may be so- 
called sceptics or agnostics or free-thinkers ;—provided only that 
the ‘patrons’ will use diligence to secure that they be able reverent 
men, true thinkers, sincere lovers of and earnest inquirers after 


_truth. I wish the lecturers to treat their subjects as a strictly 


natural science, the greatest of all possible sciences, indeed, in 
one sense, the only science,—that of Infinite Being, without 
reference to or reliance upon any supposed special exceptional 
or so-called miraculous revelation. The lecturers shall be under 
no restraint whatever in their treatment of their theme. The 
lectures shall be public and popular, that is, open not only to 
students of the Universities, but to the whole community, with- 
out matriculation.” 

The arrangements for 1896-97 will be announced before the 
opening of the Sesston. 


ITI1—DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE. 
MATHEMATICS. 
PROFESSOR CHRYSTAL. 


Junior Class—Taught by the Assistant, under supervision of 
the Professor. 12 to I. 

Plane Geometry equivalent to Euclid, Books 1.,, i1., 111, iv., and 

vi. (Syllabus of Plane Geometry, prepared by the Association 


84 Courses tn Faculty of Arts—Mathematies. 


for the Improvement of Geometrical Teaching forms the text 
of the lectures); Solid Geometry, equivalent to Euclid, Book xi.; 
Modern Geometry ; and Elementary Algebra. 

Sentor Class—g to 10. 

This is the qualifying class for the Ordinary Degree of M.A. 
and for the First Science Examination. 

Algebra, including the elements of the Theory of Equations, 
and of Determinants, the Theory of Limits and the Elements 
of Curve Tracing; Plane Trigonometry ; Conic Sections, treated 
geometrically and analytically ; Modern Geometry. 


Intermediate Honours Class—Monday, Wednesday, Friday, 
ΤΙ to 12; 

This course will suit Engineers and other Science Students 
who do not wish to make a specialty of Pure Mathematics. 

Elementary parts of the Differential and Integral Calculus, and 
of the Calculus of Finite Differences. Analytical Geometry, 
Plane, and Elementary Solid. It is assumed that the Student 
has a knowledge of the Theory of Equations, and of the ele- 
ments of the Theory of Determinants before he joins this Class. 


Advanced Honours Class—Monday, Wednesday, Friday, 
TOsto) 11. 

‘The subjects of this are the higher parts of the Differential 
and Integral Calculus ; Differential Equations ; Definite Integ- 
rals with special reference to Fourier’s Theorem ; Functions of 
Laplace and Bessel; Higher Plane Curves ; Analytical Geo- 
metry of Three Dimensions. 

Additional lectures on Quaternions, Projective Geometry, and 
other special subjects are given occasionally. 

Tutorial Classes.—Occasional lectures are also given by the 
Class Assistant. The time is devoted to the repetition of parts 
of the class lectures and to the working of examples. 

Home Exercises are prescribed weekly in all the classes. 

Written Examinations are held during the Session. The 
class honours are determined solely by these examinations. 


1 See footnote 7, page 56. 


Courses tn Faculty of Arts—Mathematics. 85 


Text-Books.—As a rule sfecial text-books are not prescribed ; 
but the student is recommended to select from the following :— 

Geometry.—Wilson’s Elementary Geometry, or the Text- 
Books of the Society for the Improvement of Geometrical 
Teaching, and one or more of the following, for the sake of the 
exercises they contain: — Mackay’s, Todhunter’s, Nixons’, or 
Casey’s edition of Euclid’s Elements, and Casey’s Sequel to 
Euclid.t 

Algebra.—Chrystal, or Todhunter, Gross, Chambers’s Mathe- 
matical Tables. 

Solid Geometry and Conic Sections.—Taylor (smaller work) 
or Taylor! (larger work). 

Trigonometry.—Todhunter, Walmsley, or Lock (M‘Lelland 
and Preston! for Spherical Trigonometry). 

Analytical Geometry.—Smith’s Analytical Conic Sections ; 
and Dyer’s Exercises in Analytical Geometry. Students intend- 
ing to take the Third Class are recommended to get Salmon’s 
Conic Sections, Salmon’s Higher Plane Curves,! and Salmon’s 
Geometry of Three Dimensions,! or, instead of the last, Smith’s 
Solid Geometry. 

Projective Geometry.—Cremona’s Elements of Projective 
Geometry translated by Leudesdorf, or Henrici’s Article on 
Geometry, “ Encyclopedia Britannica” (9th edition). 

Higher Algebra and Theory of Equations, etc.— Burnside and 
Panton’s, or Todhunter’s Theory of Equations; Thomson’s 
Introduction to Determinants, and Muir! or Scott!; and 
Salmon’s Higher Algebra for those who mean to read for Mathe- 
matical Honours. 

Differential and Integral Calculus.—Williamson’s Treatises, 
Forsyth’s Differential Equations,! Frost’s Curve Tracing, Boole’s 
Finite Differences.' 


Summer Session, 1897. 
CHARLES TWEEDIE, M.A., B.SC., Lecturer. 


1. Lower Sentor—tii to 12. 
This Class qualifies for Graduation in Arts and Science as a 


1 Recommended to those only who make Mathematics a specialty. 


86 = Courses in Faculty of Arts—Natural Philosophy. 


First Half-Course!? in Mathematics. The work consists of 
Algebra and Plane Trigonometry, corresponding to the First 
Half of the Winter Graduation Course. 

2. Higher Sentor—1i2 to 1. 

This Class qualifies for Graduation as a Second Half-Course ! 
if taken after any First Half-Course in Mathematics. Suitable 
also for Students reading for the more advanced part of the 
Winter Graduation Course. The work consists of Algebra and 
the elementary treatment of the Conic Sections, Geometrical and 
Analytical. 

In each Class weekly exercises are prescribed, and two 
written examinations are held. 


3. Advanced Class—1o to ΤΙ. 

This Class qualifies as a First Half-Course for Graduation in 
Arts and Science, with Honours in Mathematics and Natural 
Philosophy, and will also, so far as is expedient, be adapted for 
Engineering Students. 

The course will aim at a working acquaintance with the more 
elementary parts of Determinants and the Theory of Equations 
(not treated in the Winter Advanced Courses), Differential and 
Integral Calculus, Finite Differences, and Analytical Geometry. 

Tutorial Classes. 

The above Classes also serve for Tutorial Classes. 

Weekly exercises are prescribed on the work of each class. 

For text-books, see page 85. 


NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 
PROFESSOR TAIT. 
Ordinary Class.—(Qualifying for M.A. and First Science 
Examination. ) 2 

The subjects embraced in this Course are :— 

1. Properties of Matter—including Inertia, Gravitation, Mole- 
cular Forces, &c. 

1 The first feist the Winter Graduation Course-up to Christmas qualifies as a 
First Half-Course in Mathematics. and the second half of the Winter Course from 
Christmas to the’end of the Session as a Second Half-Course. Avy First Half-Course, 
along with any Second Half-Course, taken subsequently, qualifies as a full Course of 


Instruction for Graduation. 
2 See footnote 7, page 56. 


Courses tn Faculty of Arts—Natural Philosophy. 87 


2. Abstract Dynamics—including Kinematics, Statics and Kin- 
etics of Solid, Liquid,and Gaseous Bodies, with their applications, 

3. Sound, and Wave-propagation in general, 

4. Heat (including Thermo-Dynamics). 

5. Light (Geometrical and Physical Optics, and Radiation 
generally). 

6. Electricity. 

7. Conservation of Energy. 

8. Astronomy (Descriptive and Physical). 

g. Meteorology. 

Properties of Matter, Abstract Dynamics, and Conservation 
of Energy, together with two or three others of the above divi- 
sions of the subject, are treated in detail every Session, the 
remainder being discussed in a more superficial manner, as it 
is impossible to enter at length into all in a single Session. 

It is intended that in 1896-97, besides Sections 1, 2, and 7, 
Sections 5 and 6 shall form the more detailed part of the Course. 

The Class is examined at intervals upon the subjects treated 
in the Lectures ; and a prize is given for the best answering. In 
these examinations, which form an essential part of the class- 
work, no Mathematics are requisite, except the most elementary 
portions of Arithmetic, Algebra, and Geometry. 

In January and March there are special Examinations on 
prescribed subjects, applying mainly to students competing for 
Class Prizes; and, on these two occasions only, the Class is 
divided into two parts—the division depending mainly upon 
the students’ proficiency in Mathematics. In the Lower 
Division, the elements of Algebra and Geometry alone are 
required ; in the Higher Division, Algebra, Geometry, and the 
Geometry of the Conic Sections are necessary. The Prizes in 
each Division are determined by adding the marks obtained in 
the two sets of Examinations above described. No student who 
has obtained a Prize in either Division can compete, in a sub- 
sequent Session, for a Prize in the same or in a lower Division. 

The Text-Book for the Dynamical part of the Course will be 
Thomson and Tait’s “Elements of Natural Philosophy ” (Pitt 
Press, Cambridge). Of this, however, only the more elementary 


88 Courses in Faculty of Arts—Natural Philosophy. 


portions will be required for the Lower Division. For the re- 
mainder of the subject the student may consult some of the 
following books : — Clerk-Maxwell’s ‘‘ Matter and Motion,” 
Jenkin’s “ Electricity,’ Balfour Stewart’s ‘‘ Lessons in Physics,” 
Tait’s “ Properties of Matter,” “ Heat,” and “ Light.” 

The special Examinations in January 1897 will be on :— 

Higher Division.—Newton’s “ Three Sections” (Goodwin’s 
“Course of Mathematics,” Frost’s “Newton,” or any good 
edition of the Principia). 

Lower Division.—Herschel’s “ Astronomy,” the smaller work, 
in a recent edition, omitting the chapter on Perturbations. A 
series of explanatory lectures will be given by the Class- 
Assistant before this Examination. 

The subjects for the March Examinations in both Divisions 
will be Kinematics and Dynamics. The range will depend upon 
the progress which the Class has made in these subjects. 

flonours Classes.—(For Engineering and Science Students, 
and Arts Students wishing to graduate with Honours in 
Mathematics. ) 

Programme of Advanced Science Class, see Courses in Science. 

The Intermediate Course of Fifty Lectures, by the Lecturer 
on Applied Mathematics, will include the more elementary 
parts of Dynamics of Particles, Rigid Solids, and Flexible 
Strings ; the Theory of the Potential ; and Conduction of Heat. 

In the Advanced Course (given by the Professor) the subjects 
begun in the Intermediate Course will be further developed : 
and Thermodynamics, with one or more special branches of 
Applied Mathematics [such as the Kinetic Theory of Gases, 
the Lunar Theory, the Undulatory Theory, Vortex Motion, &c.] 
will be fully treated. It is most important to observe that no 
one can possibly profit by attendance at this class, unless he 
has fully mastered the subjects treated in the Intermediate Class. 

One of the text-books in each Course is Dynamics, a reprint 
of “ Mechanics,” in the last edition of the “ Encyc. Brit.” 


SUMMER CLASS OF PHYSICS, SPECIALLY FOR MEDICAL 
STUDENTS. 
For particulars, see Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Physical Laboratory, ete. 89 


PEbyY SICAL-LABORATORY. 


This has been established with the view of affording students 
a practical knowledge of the construction and use of physical 
apparatus, and the mode of conducting experimental inquiries. 
The Laboratory is open five or six hours daily in the Winter and 
Summer Sessions, under superintendence of the Professor and 
his Class-Assistant. Fee, £6, 6s. for the Winter Session, It is 
hoped that, with the aid of the valuable collection in the Museum, 
results of real use to science may be obtained. 

A practical class, for instruction in the elementary processes 
of measuring Time, Mass, Length, Angle, Force, &c., will be 
formed in Winter and also in Summer. Each Course will extend 
to about three months. Fee, £2, 2s. 


ELEMENTARY DYNAMICS. 
CG. wKNOTT,2D:Se:, Lecturer. 


This Half-Course, to be given in the Summer Session 1897, 
is primarily intended to prepare students for the Intermediate 
Honours Class in Natural Philosophy and the Advanced Science 
Class in Dynamics (Engineering). To facilitate the work of 
these Winter Classes, all Honours and Science Candidates are 
strongly recommended to take this Course, in which only Mathe- 
matics of the standard of the Higher Preliminary will be used. 
Kinematics and Kinetics of a Particle, Impact, Simple cases of 
Kinetics of a Solid, Equilibrium, Graphical Statics, Hydrostatics, 
etc., will be taken up in order. 

Although the work will reach a somewhat higher standard 
than is necessary for the Dynamical part of the M.A. Pass and 
Ist B.Sc. Examination in Natural Philosophy, the Class will 
also be serviceable to Students preparing for this Examination. 

Text-Book recommended.— MacGregor’s Dynamics. 


Summer Sesston, 1897. 
ADVANCED EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS. 
W. PEDDIE, D.Sc., Lecturer. 


In this Class certain subjects, which may be treated mathe- 
matically in the Winter Advanced Honours Course of Natural 


go Courses in Faculty of Arts— Astronomy. 


Philosophy, will be treated fully from the experimental point of 
view. The Course is also intended for undergraduates in Ex- 
perimental Science. It is proposed to treat experimentally the 
advanced parts of Light, Electricity, Magnetism, &c. In con- 
nection with the Undulatory Theory, the following subjects 
will be discussed :—Reflection, refraction, and interference of 
ordinary and of polarised light ; conical refraction ; diffraction ; 
electro- and magneto-optics ; and the optical phenomena of 
crystalline substances. In Electricity and Magnetism such 
subjects as the discharge of electricity through gases; the 
screening effect of conducting sheets, and other phenomena 
associated with rapidly alternating electromotive forces ; elec- 
tromagnetic undulations; magnetic hysteresis, &c., will be 
treated. The experimental investigation of reciprocally related 
physical phenomena will be specially illustrated from various 
branches of physics ; and, on the dynamical side, special atten- 
tion will be devoted to the realisation of dynamical systems 
illustrative of physical phenomena. 


Tutorial Class. 
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY (Advanced Hlonours). 

The work will correspond as closely as possible to that of 
the Winter Advanced Honours Course—Undulatory Theory, 
&c., being fully treated. The Class is intended for Students 
preparing for the above Winter Course, or for the Advanced 
Honours Examination. 


ASTRONOMY. 
PROFESSOR COPELAND. 
(Eighty Lectures, and, on different days, Twenty Meetings ὁ) 
two hours each for Observatory work.) 

Lectures on Practical Astronomy will be delivered on Mondays, 
Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays. Instruction in the use 
of portable and fixed astronomical instruments will be given at 
the Royal Observatory on Blackford Hili, on Fridays, beginning 
at ὃ P.M. Attendance at the evening demonstrations is obliga- 
tory on all who take Astronomy as a qualifying course for gradu- 


Courses tn Faculty of Arts—Chem.—Zool.— Bot.—Geol. οἵ 


ation. The Lectures will be divided into two courses, the first 
of which will embrace the theory and use of Astronomical 
Instruments, together with as much General Astronomy as is 
requisite to guide the student in making observations in the field 
as well as in an observatory. The Second Course will treat of 
the utilization of observations of Comets, etc., in the computation 
of orbits and ephemerides. 


CHEMISTRY. 


PROFESSOR CRUM BROWN. 

This Course, the same as for Students of Medicine and 
Science, embraces One Hundred Lectures and Fifty Meetings 
for Practical Work in the Practical Chemistry Class-Room. 

ZOOLOGY. 
PROFESSOR EWART. 
This Course, the same as for Students of Medicine and Science, 
embraces Fifty Lectures and Fifty hours for Practical Work. 
BOTANY. 
PROFESSOR BAYLEY BALFOUR. 
This Course, the same as for Students of Medicine and Science, 


‘embraces Fifty Lectures and Fifty hours for Practical Work. 


GEOLOGY, INCLUDING MINERALOGY. 
PROFESSOR GEIKIE. 
For Synopsis of this Course, see under Pure Science. 


IV.—DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND LAW. 


MUSTO RY. 
PROFESSOR PROTHERO. 

The Course qualifies for Graduation in Arts. The subject, 
until further notice, is GENERAL BRITISH HISTORY, divided 
into the following Periods and Subjects, of which a fuller 
syllabus will be issued by the Professor after the commence: 


‘ment of the Session :— 


02 Courses in Faculty of Arts—History. 


Part /.—1. Celtic and Roman Britain (to A.D. 400),—2. The 
English and Scottish Conquests (400-613). — 3. The Early 
Church.—4. The English and Scottish Kingdoms (613-855).— 
5. The Danish Conquests (855-1042).—6. The Norman Con- 
quest (1042-1087).—7. The making of Scotland (685-1057).—8. 
The Norman Monarchy (1066-1154).—9. The Angevin Mon- 
archy (1154-1199).—10. Celt and Teuton in Scotland (1057- 
{174).—11. Norse and English Conquests in Wales and Ire- 
land (795-1175).—12. The Charters (1199-1217).—13. The 
growth of Parliament (1217-1272). —14. England, Wales, and 
Scotland (1175-1328).—15. The Great War with France, part i. 
(1327-1377).—16. The Lancastrian Revolution (1377-1413).— 17. 
Independent Scotland (1328-1424).—18. The Great War with 
France, part 11. (1413-1453).—19. The Yorkist Revolution (1450- 
1485).—20. King and Nobles in Scotland (1424-1488) ; Ireland 
(1175-1494). 

Part 71---.Σἀι. The Tudor Monarchy (1485-1603).—22. The Re- 
formation in England and Scotland (1529-1603).—23. England, 
Scotland, and Europe (1485-1603).—24. Crown and Parliament 
(1603-:640).—25. The Long Parliament and the Protectorate 
(1640-1660).—26. Restoration and Revolution (1660-1692).—27. 
Whigs and Tories: William III. and Marlborough (1689- 
1715).—28. Scotland and Ireland: the Union (1688-1715).— 
29. Colonies and Commerce (1600-1715).—30. The Whig Supre- 
macy (1715-1760).—31. India and America (1715-1763).—32. 
George III. and the Parliament (1760-1784).—33. The American 
War (1763-1783).—34. Pitt and the French Revolution (1784- 
1815).—35. Ireland: the Union (1715-1800).—36. India (1763- 
1815).—-37. Reaction and Reform (1815-1832).—38. The Re- 
formed Pariiament (1832-1866).—39. The Crimean War and the 
Mutiny (1853-1858).—4o. The growth of Democracy (1866-1885). 

NV.B8.—During the Session 1896-97 the Lectures will deal 
mainly with Part II. of the above Syllabus, Part I. being 
treated only in outline. 

WORK OF THE CLAsS.—1. Lecture daily, except Saturdays, 
at twelve. One hour a week, if possible, will be devoted to the 
discussion of special points, notes on original authorities, &c. 


Courses tn Faculty of Arts—History. 93 


2. Four Class Examinations will be held, and two or more 
Essays set, during the Session. Honours are awarded to 
candidates distinguished both in the examinations and in the 
essays. 

3. The History Reading-Room (adjoining Professor Kirk- 
patrick’s Class-Room) may be consulted by members of the 
History Classes on Mondays and Fridays from 11 to 1, and 
on Wednesdays from 2 to 4. 

Books recommended.—¥ or elementary purposes, 5. R. Gar- 
diner’s “Student’s History of England,” J. R. Green’s “ Short 
History of the English People,” J. F. Bright’s “ History of 
England,” or Ransome’s “ Advanced History of England,” and 
Macarthur’s “ History of Scotland.” For wider study, see the 
lists given in the “ Introduction to English History” by Gardiner 
and Mullinger, Part II. 


Honours Classes. 
PROFESSOR PROTHERO. 


I. Introductory Sketch. II. The Policy of Elizabeth. III. 
The Earlier Stuarts: American Colonies and East Indian Trade. 
IV. Cromwell and the Later Stuarts: France, Spain, Holland. 
V. The Revolution and its results. VI. Walpole and the 
Peace. VII. Chatham and the Conquests of India and America. 
VIII. The American Revolution. IX. Pitt and Free-Trade. 
X. The Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. 

A fuller syllabus will be issued by the Professor after the 
commencement of the session. 

Books recommended.—Lodge, “Modern Europe” (Murray, 
1885) ; Dyer, “ Modern Europe,” Vols. iii., iv. ; Fyffe, “ Modern 
Europe,” Vol. 1.; Seeley, ‘* History of British Policy,” and 
“Expansion of England” ; Cunningham, “Growth of English 
Industry and Commerce,” Vol. 11. ; Lyall, “ British Dominion in 
India” ; ‘‘ Epochs of American History,” Thwaites and Hart, 
(Longmans); Atlases of Historical Geography, by Spruner, 
Droysen, Colbeck, or Gardiner. Other authorities will be 
mentioned by the Professor at the beginning of the session. 

This Course of Fifty Lectures qualifies for graduation in Arts 


94 Courses in Faculty of Arts—fiistory. 


with Honours in History. The Lectures will be given on Mondays, 
Wednesdays, and Fridays at 10, beginning on 16th October. 

Two class examinations will be held, and two or more essays 
set, during the session. Students in this class may attend Mr 
Heatley’s advanced course on “The English Kingship” 
(Wednesdays at 11), without fee, and may use the History 
Reading-Room. 

The Honours Subject for the session 1897-98 will be “ Nation- 
ality and Reform in Great Britain and Europe, 1815 to 1878,” 
with special attention to the Revolutions of 1830 and 1848. 

Books recommended for preliminary study—Lodge’s “ Modern 
Europe”: Fyffe’s “‘Modern Europe,” Vols. ii., iii; Bright, 
“ History of England,” Vols. iii. iv. 

Wycliffe: his Times, Political Influence, &c. 
Honours Course: Fifty Lectures. 
PROFESSOR KIRKPATRICK, 

I. Introductory—conflicts between State and Church—pre- 
cursors of Wycliffe. 11. Outline of Wycliffe’s career—his 
doctrines — Lollardy — survival of Wycliffe’s influence. III. 
The Great Schism—the Empire and the Papacy—Huss, Jerome, 
of Prague, and Peter Payne—Luther. IV. Illustrations of 
Wycliffe’s doctrines from his works and other original sources. 

Syllabus on application to the Professor. 

Books recommended. — Wycliiffe’s Works—“ Select English 
Works,” ed. by Thomas Arnold, 3 vols. 1869-71; “ English 
Works of Wyclif hitherto unprinted,” ed. by F. D. Matthew, 
1880; “ Johann von Wiclif und die Vorgeschichte der Reforma- 
tion” (by Dr G. V. Lechler, 2 vols., Leipzig, 1873) (or transla- 
tion by Lorimer); “ Fasciculi Zizaniorum,”’ ed. by W. W. 
Shirley (Rolls Series, 1858) ; “ Political Songs,” ed. by Wright 
(Rolls Series); “" Chronicon Angliae,” ed. by E. M. Thomson, 
1874; Works of Langland and Chaucer ; Walsingham’s “ His- 
toria Anglicana,” ed. by Riley (Rolls Series) ; Loserth’s “ Wiclif 
und Hus” (or translation); James Baker’s “ Peter Payne, a 
great forgotten Englishman” ; Palacky’s “ Documenta Magistri 
Jo. Hus vitam illustrantia” (1403-18); Wycliffe’s “Wicket” ; 


Courses tn Faculty of Arts—Fine Art. 95 


“ Trialogus” (ed. by Lechler; Clar. Press); Creighton’s 
“ Papacy during the Reformation ” (vols. I. and II.), ἄς. 

These Lectures, qualifying as a full course for graduation in 
Arts with Honours in History, or with Honours in English, or 
as a half-course for graduation in Law, will be given on Mon- 
days, Tuesdays, and Thursdays, at 4 P.M., beginning on Thurs- 
day, 15th October 1896 (after Christmas, Tuesdays and 
Thursdays only). Students attending them may use the His- 
tory Reading Room, superintended by Mr Heatley, the Pro- 
fessor’s Assistant, on Mondays and Fridays from 11 to 1, and 
on Wednesdays from 12 to 2. They may also attend Mr 
Heatley’s advanced course on “The English Kingship,” on 
Wednesdays, at 11, without additional fee. 


CLASSICAL ARCHAOLOGY AND HISTORY OF 
ANCIENT ART. 


PROFESSOR BALDWIN BROWN. 


This Course qualifies as an alternative subject for Honours 
in History. For details see page 67. 


FINE ART. 
PROFESSOR BALDWIN BROWN. 

This Course of one hundred Lectures, qualifying for the 
M.A. degree, is designed— 

1. To bring before students, by critical descriptions and illus- 
trations, the chief ancient and modern works of Architecture, 
Sculpture, Painting, and the Decorative or Jndustrial Arts. 

2. To show how these works are connected in origin and use 
with the national and social life of successive epochs ; and, con- 
versely, how Artistic Monuments illustrate Classical and Biblical 
literature, and bear on historical investigation in general. 

3. To explain as far as practicable the technicalities of the 
various Arts, and to open up those aspects of Art which present 
themselves naturally to the artist, but are sometimes overlooked 
by the literary student. 

On the historical side— 


οὔ Courses in Faculty of Arts—Roman Law. 


The characteristics of different styles and schools of Art will 
be broadly indicated, but this part of the subject, which can be 
studied from books, will not be dwelt upon at length. 

On the artistic side— 

Particular stress is laid on the explanation of different 
materials and technical processes, as upon these largely depend 
the particular forms in which beauty is realised in eS various 
works of human hands. 

Arrangements for the work of the Class :—There are Lectures 
daily. at 3 P.M. Three Class examinations are held, and a 
series of eight Essays are set for the Cousin Prize (£15). The 
Essays are included in the work required from those taking the 
Course for Graduation. 

The Class Library, Reading Room, and collections of 
examples are open to members of the Class. 

Museums, &c., are visited from time to time on Saturdays. 

The Professor’s manual, “ The Fine Arts,” is used, so far as it 
goes, as a text-book. Other books to be read by those taking 
the Course for Graduation are indicated on page 67. 


CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND HISTORY. 
PROFESSOR KIRKPATRICK. 

This Course is divided into two half-courses, the first treating 
mainly of the Constitutional History of England, the second 
treating of that of the United States of America, of France, 
Germany, Switzerland, etc. (see under Faculty of Law). 


ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 
PROFESSOR TAYLOR. 
(See under Facuity of Divinity.) 


ROMAN LAW. 
PROFESSOR MACKINTOSH. 

The Course qualifying for Graduation in Arts will extend 
next Winter Session to about ninety meetings of the Class. It 
will be divided into two distinct parts. The first half (extending 
to not less than forty-four meetings of the Class) will deal with 
the Constitutional and Legal History of Early Rome, the Sources 


Courses in Faculty of Arts—Public International Law. 97 


of the law, the rise of Jurisprudence, Codification, and other 
topics belonging to the external history and the general part of 
the civil law. It is intended to serve as a historical introduc- 
tion to the study of the special departments. This half, ending 
before the Christmas Vacation, qualifies as a Half-Course for 
Graduation in Arts. 

The second half of the Course will be devoted to a systematic 
exposition, in detail, of the law relating to persons and the 
family, and to property and real rights, according to the order 
of Justinian’s Institutes. 

Fee for the Half-Course, £2, 2s. ; for the full Course, LA, 4s. 

Text-Books.—The Institutes of Gaius and of Justinian. 

In connection with the historical lectures, students are referred 
to Muirhead’s “ Historical Introduction to the Private Law 
of Rome,” Ortolan’s “ Histoire de la Législation Romaine” (or 
the English translation), and Maine’s “Ancient Law.” 


PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW. 
PROFESSOR SIR LUDOVIC GRANT, BART. 


This Course of Forty Lectures commences on 5th January 
1897, at 2. The Class will meet five days a week. The Course 
will include— 

1. An historical retrospect. 

2. Some account of the science and literature of Public Inter- 
national Law. 

3. An examination of the sources, and a critical exposition of 
the leading doctrines, of Public International Law. 

Students are recommended to consult Wheaton’s History of 
the Law of Nations, Introduction ; Nys’s Les Origines du Droit 
International ; Phillimore’s International Law; Lawrence’s 
Essays on Modern International Law; Hall’s International Law; 
Westlake’s International Law; Pitt Cobbett’s Select Cases ; 
Lawrence’s Principles of International Law. Vide under 
Faculty of Law. 


98 Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 


Class Prize and Honour Lists. 
SUMMER SESSION, 1895. 


HUMANITY. 


HONOURS CLASS—HONOURS GRADUATION HALF-COURSE. 


PRIZES AND First-CLASs CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—(a) FoR CLASS 
WorkK.—1I. Jessie Muir, Hawick (JZeda/) ; 2. T. 5. Macpherson, 
Kingussie ; 3. Ethelwyn Lemon, Northumberland. (6) For 
EXAMINATIONS ON UNPREPARED WoRK.—1I. T.S. Macpherson, 
Kingussie (J/eda/) ; 2. Jessie Muir, Hawick ; 3. Ethelwyn Lemon, 
Northumberland. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—4. Kenneth N. Knox, 
Polton ; 5. Alexander F. Black, East Calder. 


SENIOR CILASS—PASS GRADUATION HAIL F-COURSE. 


PRIZES AND First-CLAss CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—I. Charles 
H. Moore, Musselburgh (J/eda/); 2. Emily M. Milligan, Edin- 
burgh ; 3. David Robertson, Stranraer ; 4. Rosa Stoltz, Liberton ; 
5. Louisa R. Boyd, Edinburgh; 6. Helen Macfie, Whithorn. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—7. Bessie H. A. Robson, 
Edinburgh ; Isabella C. Black, East Calder; and James M. 
Hogge, Edinburgh—equal; το. William Jeffrey, Newcastle-on- 
Tyne; 11. Bessie B. Bird, Berwickshire; 12. Charlotte B. 
MacDonald, Aberdeen; 13. Arthur J. Brock, Kirkliston; 14. 
Alexander R. Cook, Fountainhall ; 15. W. P. Borland, Preston- 
pans ; 16. Samuel G. Kerr, Edinburgh ; 17. Grace F. Matthew, 
Corstorphine. 

PRIZE FOR ROMAN LITERATURE AND HIsTORY.—I. Emily M. 
Milligan, Edinburgh. 

HONOURABLE MENTION.—2. Charles H. Moore, Musselburgh; 3. 
Louisa R. Boyd, Edinburgh, and Helen Macfie, Whithorn— 
equal; 5. Charlotte B. MacDonald, Aberdeen; 6. Rosa Stoltz, 
Liberton. 

PRIZE FOR LATIN PROSE CoMPOSITION.—I. David Robertson, Stran- 
raer. 

HONOURABLE MENTION.—2. Charles H. Moore, Musselburgh, and 
William Smith, Edinburgh—equal; 4. Isabella C. Black, East 
Calder; Catherine J. Drummond, Edinburgh; and James M. 
Hogge, Edinburgh—equal; 7. Arthur J. Brock, Kirkliston ; 
Charlotte B. MacDonald, Aberdeen; Alexander Grant, Glen- 
rinnes ; and Rosa Stoltz, Liberton—equal. 


JUNIOR CLASS—PRELIMINARY COURSE. 


PRIZE AND FirstT-CLAss CERTIFICATE OF MERIT.—I. William (. 
Douglas, Edinburgh, 


Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 99 


SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—2. Sara G. Croal, Edin- 
burgh ; 3. J. C. B. Irons, Edinburgh ; 4. Margaret C. Watson, 
Kirkcudbright ; 5. Percy E. Nobbs, St Petersburg. 

LATIN PRosE ComposiTION.—1I. J. C. B. Irons, Edinburgh; 2. 
William C, Douglas, Edinburgh, and Margaret C. Watson, Kirk- 
cudbright—equal ; 4. Percy E. Nobbs, St Petersburg ; and Sara 
G. Croal, Edinburgh—equal. 

FRANCIS R. JAMIESON, M.A., Lecturer. 


GREEK. 
HONOURS CLASS—HONOURS GRADUATION HALF-COURSE. 


PRIZE AND FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE OF MERIT.—I. T. 5. Mac- 
pherson, Kingussie. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—2. A. F. Black, Mid- 
lothian; J. H. Cattanach, Edinburgh; and Alexander Flint, 
Edinburgh—equal. 

CompPosITIon.—T. S. Macpherson. 


SENIOR CLASS—PASS GRADUATION HALF-COURSE. 


SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—I. David Robertson, 
Stranraer ; 2. Charles A. Souter, Arbroath. 


A. DOUGLAS THOMSON, M.A., Lecterer. 


ENGLISH LITERATURE (Honours Cuiass). 


First-CLass CERTIFICATES.—I. George Douglas Shepherd, Eccles- 
machan (eda?) ; 2. Louisa R. Boyd, Edinburgh, and Emily M. 
Milligan, Edinburgh—equal. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATE.—4. Louisa Lane M‘Crady, Charleston, 
Sues Οὐ: 5... 

William Porter, Edinburgh, obtained the first place in the Essay, but 
did not take the Examination. 


G. GREGORY SMITH, M.A., Lecturer. 


ELEMENTARY HEBREW. 


First-CLass CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—1I. John C. Mack, M.A., 
Edinburgh (Medalist) ; 2. A. M. Gordon, M.A., Halifax, Nova 
Scotia; 3. J. A. M‘Ilvride, Edinburgh; 4. Thomas A. Fraser, 
Leith; 5. W. 5. Simpson, Leslie. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—6. D. M. Aitken, M.A., 
Dalkeith; 7. A. W. Mitchell, M.A., Dunfermline. 

The following gentlemen were present at one examination, and attained 
to the rank of SECOND-CLAsS CERTIFICATES :—W. A. Curtis, 
Caithness; Robert White, M.A., Edinburgh; J. P. Murdoch, 
M.A., Dalkeith ; G. Scott Phythian, Leeds ; W. Laurie Webster, 
M.A., Edinburgh. 


Too Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 


ELEMENTARY ARABIC. 


Frrst-CLass CERTIFICATE OF MeErIT.—James B. Penman, M.A., 
Stranraer. 
HoNOURABLE MENTION.—Frederic Hendry, M.A., Aberlour; J. A. 
M‘Ilvride, Edinburgh ; W. W. Reid, M.A., Inverness-shire. 
DIM. KAY, Βα ΒΙῸΣ 
University Assistant to Professor of Semitic Languages, 


ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY. 
HONOURS HALF-COURSE. 


No competitive examinations were held. 
R. P. HARDIE, M.A., Lecturer. 


PSYCHOLOGY. 
HONOURS HALF-COURSE. 


No competitive examinations were held. 
C. M. DOUGLAS, M.A., D.Sc., Lecturer. 


MATHEMATICS. 
ADVANCED CLASS—HONOURS HALF-COURSE. 


PRIZES AND FrrstT-CLASsS CERTIFICATES.—J. B. Meiklejohn, Thurso 
(Medal); E. M. Anderson, Dundee; W. Blackadder, Broughty 
Ferry ; G. Ednie, Edinburgh ; J. Lornie, Perth; J. M. Low, 
Leith ; J. T. Young, Edinburgh. 

HIGHER SENIOR, 
PRIZE AND FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE.—W. A. Curtis, Edinburgh. 
SECOND-CLAsSS CERTIFICATE.—R. A. Edwards, Edinburgh. 
LOWER SENIOR. 

MEDAL, PRIZE, AND FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE.—A. B. Keith, 
Joppa. 

SECOND-CLASs CERTIFICATES.—A. M. Anderson, Edinburgh; A. 
Flint, Edinburgh ; J. A. Gray, Edinburgh; A. ἃ. Hogg, Edin- 
burgh; A. M‘Keand, Wigtown; D. L. Norrie, Edinburgh ; 
Bessie H. A. Robson, Edinburgh ; A. Sharp, Galashiels, 

CHAS. TWEEDIE, M.A., B.Sc., Lecturer. 


APPLIED MATHEMATICS. 
THEORY OF ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM. 


No competitive examinations were held. 
C. G. KNOTT, D.Sc., Lecturer. 


Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. ΤΟΙ 


ADVANCED EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS. 
PRIZES AND FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.—I. A. Brown and A. Ὁ. 
Smith—equal (Medallists) ; 3. A. H. Firth. 
ADVANCED NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 


PRIZE AND FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE.—I. L. O. Critchley. 
SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATE.—2. E. Horsburgh; 3. Ὁ. M. Aitken. 
W. PEDDIE, D.Sc., Lecturer. 


WINTER SESSION, 1895-96. 
LATIN. 


HONOURS CLASS. 

PRIZES AND FIRST-CLass CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—1. A. B. 
Keith, Joppa; 2. D. L. Norrie, Edinburgh (Medallists); 3. T. 5. 
Macpherson, Kingussie; 4. 5. G. Campbell, Londonderry, and J. 
Lees, Ayr—equal. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—6. W. A. Curtis, Edin- 
burgh, and Ethelwyn L, Lemon, Northumberland—equal. 

PRIZES FOR LATIN PROSE COMPOSITION.—I. D. L. Norrie, Edin- 
burgh ; 2. A. B. Keith, Joppa, and Jessie Muir, Edinburgh—equal. 

HONOURABLE MENTION.—W. A. Curtis, Edinburgh. 

PRIZE FOR History OF LITERATURE.—A. B. Keith, Joppa. 

PRIZE FOR VERSE COMPOSITION.—W. A, Curtis, Edinburgh. 


SENIOR CLASS. 


PRIZES AND FIRST-CLAss CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—1. William 
Dunbar, Edinburgh; 2. R. C. S. Keith, Joppa; 3. William 
Rennie, Addiewell (AZedallists) ; 4. B. H. Richardson, Edinburgh ; 
5. Chrissie M. Ross, Arbroath; 6. C. G. Mackay, Pitlochry; 7. 
S. A. Kinnier Wilson, Edinburgh; 8. Augusta Μ. C. Davidson, 
Edinburgh, and James M. Dunnett, Kilmarnock—equal ; Io. J. Y. 
Bell, Edinburgh; 11. J. Stirling Ross, Edinburgh; 12. Bessie 
H. A. Robson, Edinburgh. 

SECOND-CLAss CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—13. J. M. Darling, Edin- 
burgh ; 14. Harry C. Norman, North Devon, and Sam F. Stewart, 
Largs—equal ; 16. Matthew 5. Ketchin, Milton Bridge; 17. A. 
Milne, Edinburgh ; 18. T. Paterson, Edinburgh ; 19. Rosa ἃ. C. 
Stoltz, Liberton ; 20. George A. Russell, Dundee; 21. Jeannie C. 
Thomson, Rothesay; 22. Elizabeth A. Duncan, Edinburgh ; 23. 
William Robertson, Trinity; 24. T. B. Copeland, Edinburgh ; 
25. Jessie A. M‘Kechnie, Edinburgh, and John M. Shaw, Inver- 
ness—equal ; 27. E. R. I. Stevenson, Broughty Ferry; 28. Alex- 
ander Waddell, Edinburgh; 29. Peter Campbell, Oban, and 
Ralph A. Wilson, Broughty Ferry—equal; 31. R. S. Enever- 


102 Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 


Todd, Musselburgh ; Donald Fraser, Dalbeattie; and George 
Wedderspoon, Fort-George—equal; 34. James W. Meldrum, 
Edinburgh ; 35. Annie L. Mackay, Edinburgh ; 36. Thomas C. 
Adam, Blairgowrie, and Lucy E. M‘Farlane, Prestonkirk—equal ; 
38. William Geddie, Edinburgh ; 39. Edith Hooper, London ; 40. 
P. Ward, Edinburgh; 41. R. J. Hunter, Edinburgh; Janet B. 
Imrie, Castle-Douglas, and H. C. Liddell, Edinburgh—equal ; 
44. T. A. Menzies, Hull. 

PRIZES FOR LATIN PROSE CoMPOSITION.—1I. William Dunbar, Edin- 
burgh ; 2. R. C. S. Keith, Joppa, and William Rennie, Addiewell 
—equal. 

HONOULASLE MENTION.—4. Chrissie M. Ross, Arbroath; 5. C. G. 
Mackay, Pitlochry, and B. H. Richardson, Edinburgh—equal ; 7. 
S. A. Kinnier Wilson, Edinburgh; 8. J. Y. Bell, Edinburgh ; 
9. Augusta M. C. Davidson, Edinburgh; 10. Bessie H. A. 
Robson, Edinburgh; 11. H. C. Liddell, Edinburgh; 12. Hans 
F. Eggeling, Edinburgh. 

PRIZE FOR ROMAN LITERATURE AND HIsTory.—l. Chrissie M. Ross, 
Arbroath. 

HONOURABLE MENTION.—2. C. G. Mackay, Pitlochry; 3. William 
Rennie, Addiewell, and B. H. Richardson, Edinburgh. 


JUNIOR CLASS. 


PRIZES AND FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—1. Alice Β, 
Lennie, Trinity; 2. D. J. Macnaughten Leith, Dundee (JZeda/- 
lists); 3. Marion I. Gray, Edinburgh; 4. William Anderson, 
Orkney ; ; 5. Margaret C. W. Young, Edinburgh ; 6. James Win- 
chester, Edinburgh; 7. Mary G. Williamson, Allahabad; 8. 
Robert D. S. Grant, Wick. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—9. George Wilkie, Leven ; 
10. Williamina Smith, Ballater ; 11. Kenneth Cameron, Inverness; 
12. William Young, Stirling, and Edward H. Calvert, Annan— 
equal ; 14. James S. West, Coupar-Angus ; 15. Helen A. Lawson, 
Alloa ; 16. Alda Matheson, Ross-shire; 17. James H. Fordyce, 
Madderty ; 18. Helen Hoyle, Lancashire; 19. John L. Peters, 
Dundee ; 20. A. W. Bain, Musselburgh ; 21. Andrew Ross, Inver- 
ness; 22. Alexander C. Scrimgeour, Perth; 23. John Tullis, 
Leuchars. 

PRIZES FOR LATIN PROSE COMPpoSsITION.—1I. William Anderson, 
Orkney; 2. J. D. Macnaughten Leith, Dundee; 3. J. Campbell 
B. Irons, Edinburgh. 

HONOURABLE MENTION.—4. Alice B. Lennie, Trinity ; 5. Williamina 
Smith, Ballater; 6. William Young, Stirling; 7. Robert D. S. 
Grant, Wick ; 8. Margaret C. W. Young, Edinburgh ; 9. WG. 
Alexander, Leith, and James Winchester, Edinburgh—equal ; Il. 
Marion I. Gray, Edinburgh ; 12. Edward H. Calvert, Annan, and 
Kenneth Cameron, Inverness—equal; 14. George Wilkie, Leven. 


Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists, 103 


PRIZE FOR ROMAN LITERATURE AND History.—1. Mary G. William- 
son, Allahabad. 

HONOURABLE MENTION.—2. Alice B, Lennie, Trinity; 3. William 
Anderson, Orkney, and D. J. Macnaughten Leith, Dundee—equal ; 
5. J. L. Peters, Dundee, and Margaret C. W. Young, Edinburgh 
—equal; 6. Robert Τὴ. 8, Grant, Wick; 7. Marion I. Gray, 
Edinburgh, W. R. HARDIE, M.A., Professor. 


GREEK. 
HONOURS CLASS. 


PRIZES AND Frrst-CLAss CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—I. Arthur B, 
Keith, Joppa (Aeda//ist); 2. Marshall N. G. Gray, Edinburgh ; 3. 
Sidney G. Campbell, Londonderry. 

SECOND-CLAss CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—4. David L. Norrie, Edin- 
burgh; 5. Thomas 5. Macpherson, Kingussie. 

COMPOSITION PRIZE.—Marshall N. G. Gray. 

HonourRABLE MENTION.—D. W. Inglis, Northumberland, and Jessie 
Muir, Hawick—equal. 

SENIOR CLASS. 


PRIZES AND First-CLAss CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—1I. William 
Rennie, Addiewell, and William Dunbar, Edinburgh—equal 
(Medallists) ; 3. R. C. S. Keith, Joppa, and B. H. Richardson, 
Edinburgh—equal; 5. James S. Ross, Edinburgh; 6. Charles D. 
Mackay, Pitlochry ; 7. Augusta M. C. Davidson, Edinburgh ; 8. 
James Y. Bell, Edinburgh. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—9, James M. Dunnett, 
Kilmarnock ; το. John M. Darling, Edinburgh; 11. Henry Ὁ. 
Liddell, Edinburgh; 12. J. W. Meldrum, Edinburgh; 13. 
Kenneth N. Knox, Polton; 14. Francis Esquilant, Penicuik ; 15. 
Hans F. Eggeling, Edinburgh; 16. John M. Shaw, Inverness ; 
17. A. Gordon Cairns, Edinburgh; 18. A. W. C. Menzies, Edin- 
burgh; 19. Rosa Stoltz, Liberton ; 20. Donald Fraser, Dalbeattie. 

CoMPOSITION PRIZE.— William Dunbar and William Rennie—equal. 

History PrizE.—William Dunbar and William Rennie—equal. 

HONOURABLE MENTION.—James S. Ross. 

History PRIZE (Sfecéal Subject).—William Rennie. 

HoNouRABLE MENTION.—William Dunbar, R. C. 5. Keith, and 
James S. Ross—equal. 

JUNIOR CLASS. 


PRIZES AND FrrsT-CLAss CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—I. Ὁ. G. 
Macnaughten Leith, Dundee (Jfdallist); 2. George Wilkie, 
Leven. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.—3. Robert D. S. Grant, 
Wick; 4. Margaret C. W. Young, Edinburgh; 5. Kenneth 
Cameron, Inverness; 6. C. E. Foster, Newcastle, and G. Scott 
Phythian, Leeds—equal. 


104 Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 


HisToRY AND LITERATURE PrRIzE.—D. G. Macnaughten Leith. 
COMPOSITION PRIZE.—D. G. Macnaughten Leith. 
HONOURABLE MENTION.—George Wilkie. 
GRAMMAR PRrizeE.—D. G, Macnaughten Leith. 
S. H. BUTCHER, LL.D., Professor. 


RHETORIC AND ENGLISH LITERATURE. 


CLass PRIZES AND First-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—1I. Joseph H. 
Cattanach, Edinburgh ; 2. John Lees, Ayr (Medallists); 3. John 
Macaskill, Dingwall; 4. James S. M‘Inroy, Dundee, and William 
Robb, Addiewell—equal ; 6. Edith Hooper, Putney ; 7. Margaret 
J. Stewart, Ayrshire; 8. Lilian Graham, Edinburgh; 9. Edith 
Graham, Edinburgh; 10. Agnes M‘Gregor Smith, Edinburgh ; 
11. Archibald S. Ballantyne, Galashiels, and G. Dundas Craig, 
Dundee—equal; 13. Charlotte B. Macdonald, Aberdeen; 14. 
William Maxwell, Arbroath; 15. Colin C. Nicolas, Edinburgh ; 
16. John Adam Gray, Edinburgh, and John Hourston, Orkney— 
equal; 18. William G. Brown, Penicuik. 

SECOND-CLass CERTIFICATES.—19. Donald T. Mackintosh, Kingussie ; 
ZEneas Rose, Blair Atholl; and Herbert Smiles, Perthshire—equal ; 
22. James G. Jamieson, Ayr ; 23. Helen B. K. Thomson, Forfar ; 
24. Alfred G. Hogg, Edinburgh, and Agnes H. Pitcairn, Hawick 
—equal; 26. Sara G. Croal, Edinburgh, and Elisabeth Gardiner, 
Edinburgh—equal ; 28. George S. Dickson, Newport-on-Tay, and 
Jean M. Mackie, Dundee—equal ; 30. John M. Macmillan, Edin- 
burgh, and Evelyn M. Skelton, Edinburgh—equal ; 32. William 
Porter, Edinburgh, and Donald A. Stewart, Thurso—equal ; 34. 
John Maclean, Forres; 35. Jane Drinnan, Polmont, and James 
M. Hogge, Edinburgh—equal. 

EssAy PRIZES AND FirsT-CLASS CERTIFICATES.—1I. Edith 
Hooper, Putney; 2. John Macaskill, Dingwall (AZedallists) ; 3. 
William P. Borland, Prestonpans, and Alfred ἃ. Hogg, Edinburgh 
—equal; 5. J. S. Begg, Edinburgh; Joseph H. Cattanach, Edin- 
burgh; Elisabeth Gardiner, Edinburgh; John Lees, Ayr; and 
Charlotte B. Macdonald, Aberdeen—equal. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES.—10. Donald Τὶ, Mackintosh, Kingussie, 
and Colin C. Nicolas, Edinburgh—equal ; 12. James 5. M‘Inroy, 
Dundee, and Herbert Smiles, Perthshire—equal; 14. Sara G. 
Croal, Edinburgh; William Porter, Edinburgh ; and Evelyn M. 
Skelton, Edinburgh—equal ; 17. Margaret J. Stewart, Ayrshire ; 
18. William G. Brown, Penicuik, and James C. Leighton, Dundee 
—equal; 20. Archibald S. Ballantyne, Galashiels, and Lilian 
Graham, Edinburgh—equal; 22. Aineas Rose, Blair Atholl; 23. 
Anne Joanna Bisset, Arbroath; Walter A. Forsyth, Galashiels ; 
John M. Macmillan, Edinburgh ; Agnes M‘Gregor Smith, Edin- 
burgh ; and Helen B. K. Thomson, Forfar—equal. 

PRIZE FOR VERSE.—Donald T. Mackintosh, Kingussie. 


Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 105 


Honours Crass (THEORY OF PROSE AND VERSE). — PRIZE 
AND FirsT-CLAss CERTIFICATE.—George Douglas Shepherd, 
Ecclesmachan (77εαα 5). 

- SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATE.—Emily M. Milligan, Aberdeen. 


GEORGE SAINTSBURY, M.A., Professor. 


OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH. 


HONOURS CLASS, 


First-CLass CERTIFICATE.—I. G. Douglas Shepherd, Ecclesmachan 
(Medal.) 
SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATE.—2. Emily M. Milligan, Aberdeen. 


ENGLISH LITERATURE (ELIZzABETHAN.) 


HONOURS CLASS. 


First-Ciass CERTIFICATES.—1I. G. Douglas Shepherd, Ecclesmachan 
(Prize); 2. Emily M. Milligan, Aberdeen. 

SECOND-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—3. Louisa R. Boyd, Edinburgh ; 4. 
C, Cuninghame Watson, Edinburgh. 


G. GREGORY SMITH, M.A., Lecturer. 


FRENCH. 


ORDINARY CLASS. 


PRIZES AND FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.—1I. Andrew Hunter, M.A., 
Edinburgh (JZedallist); 2. C. M. Campbell, Edinburgh, and 
Sophie Palmer, Yorkshire—equal ; 4. Margaret Gray, Edinburgh ; 
5. Alexander Flint, Edinburgh. 

First-CLass CERTIFICATES.—6. Ian Spiganovicz, Russia, and F. 
André Germond, Basutoland—equal; 8. Isabella Black, Edin- 
burgh; 9. Richard Currall, Leith; 10. Robert V. Clark, Edin- 
burgh; 11. Jessie Linton, Edinburgh; 12. Agnes Smith, Edinburgh ; 
13. Marion Ridpath, Edinburgh; 14. Annie Mackay, Edinburgh ; 
15. Isabella Ogilvie, Edinburgh. 

SECOND-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—16,. Amy Thomson, Edinburgh ; 17. 
Davidson Strath, Edinburgh ; 18. Chrissie Ross, Edinburgh ; 19. 
C. B. Shepherd, England ; 20. Grace Matthew, Corstorphine ; 
21. Mary Smith, Edinburgh ; 22. Williamina Sinclair, Scotland. 


CH. SAROLEA, Ph.D., D.Litt., Lecturer. 


GERMAN. 


ORDINARY CLASS, 


PRIZES AND First-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—1. Mary Tweedie (Medal- 
ist); Jessie A. Linton ; 3. Helen Cameron. 


106 Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 


First-CLass CERTIFICATES.—4. Mary K. Anderson; 5. Jane A. 
Black. 

SECOND-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—6. Alice Paterson; 7. Wm. Davois 
Bowden; 8. J. A. M‘Kechnie; 9. Marion J. G. Ridpath; 1o. 
Richard T. Currall. 

OTTO SCHLAPP, Lecturer. 


SENIOR SANSKRIT. 


1. W. Ὁ. Proudfoot, Class Medal, First-Class Certificate, and Muir 
Prize of £3, 38.3 2. 8. G. Campbell, /%rst-Class Certificate and 
Muir Prize of £2, 25.; 3. K. N. Knox, First-Class Certificate. 

J. EGGELING, Ph.D., Professor. 


CELTIC LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE. 


CELTIC CLASS. 
PRIZES AND CERTIFICATES.—I. Donald Lamont, Tiree (A/edadl7st) ; 
_ 2. Norman Campbell, M.A., Lochbroom, 
CERTIFICATE OF MERIT.—Dugald Macfarlane, Tiree. 


ADVANCED CELTIC CLASS. 


PRIZE AND CERTIFICATE.—1I. Donald Lamont, Tiree (J/edallist). 
CERTIFICATE OF MERIT.—Donald Maclean, Applecross. 


GAELIC CLASS. 

PRIZES AND CERTIFICATES.—I. Alex. M. Macleod, Strontian (J/edal- 
list) ; 2. Roderick Mackenzie, Lewis ; 3. James J. Macpherson, 
Kingussie ; 4. Arch. D. Cameron, Conon Bridge; 5. George A. 
Stalker, B.D., Argyleshire. 

SPECIAL PRIZES.—£10, I0s., given’by the Highland Society of London 
—Donald Lamont. Prizes given by the Celtic Union, Edinburgh 
—1. A. M. Macleod; 2. Mrs M. MacEwan, Edinburgh. Prize 
given by the Gaelic Society of Glasgow (for distinction in Celtic 
Philology)—Donald Lamont. Book prizes, given by John Mackay, 
Esq., Hereford, for Essays written in Scottish Gaelic—Celtic Class 
—Norman Campbell, M.A.; Donald Lamont. Gaelic Class— 
Roderick Mackenzie. 

A Special Prize will be given in Session 1896-97 for the Best List 
of Provincial Words and Phrases supplied by a member of any of the 
Classes. The paper to be given in by December 31st 1896. 

DONALD MACKINNON, M.A., Professor. 


LOGIC AND METAPHYSICS. 


ADVANCED CLASS—METAPHYSICS. 


PRIZES AND FirST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.—I. Frances H. Melville, 
Edinburgh (Bruce of Grangehill and Falkland Prize and Meda’). 
SPECIAL PrizeE.—Alexander Darroch, Greenock, 


Faculty of Arts—Ctlass Prize Lists. 107 


JUNIOR CLASS—LOGIC AND PSYCHOLOGY. 

PRIZES AND First-CLASS CERTIFICATES. —I. D. H. Macgregor, 
Dumfries ; 2. William Husband, Edinburgh; 3. Lilias A. G 
Fraser, Edinburgh (A/edallists); 4. A. B. Keith, Joppa; 5. J. 
Adam Gray, Edinburgh ; 6. Agnes E. Εν Allardice, Edinburgh, 
and A. B. Taylor, Inverness—equal; ὃ, Herbert Smiles, Edin- 
burgh ; 9. G. 5. Dickson, Newport ; 10. Alexander Flint, Edin- 
burgh; 11. M. N. G. Fallas, Dumfries, and Peter T. Hall, 
Edinburgh-—equal ; 13. T. M. Forsyth, Leith; 14. A. 5. Ballan- 
tyne, Galashiels, and C. C. Nicolas, Devonshire—equal ; 16. H. C. 
Duncan, Edinburgh, and W. H. Fraser, Edinburgh—equal. 

SECOND-CLAsSS CERTIFICATES.—I8, A. S. Crichton, Arbroath, and 
Sara G. Croal, Edinburgh—equal; 20. Donald Lamont, Tiree ; 
21. W. P. Borland, Prestonpans; 22. Edith Hooper, South 
Wales; 23. Maggie S. Maiden, Kirkcaldy; 24. Elizabeth A. 
Duncan, Edinburgh; 25. J. W. Stewart, Edinburgh ; 26. George 
Brown, Hawick; 27. William Bryce, Dundee; 28. Michael 
Oldham, Edinburgh; 29. J. M. Doig, Edinburgh ; 30. M. Amy 
S. Thomson, Edinburgh; 31. Isabella C. Black, East Calder. 

ANDREW SETH, LL.D., Professor. 


MORAL PHILOSOPHY. 
ADVANCED CLASS. 


1. Frances H. Melville, Edinburgh (4/edad/is¢ and ‘‘ Elizabeth Hamilton 
Prize”); 2. James R. M‘Lean, Leith. 
HONourR IN EXAMINATIONS.—Alexander Darroch, Greenock. 


ORDINARY CLASS. 

Prizes.—1. J. W. Hamilton Smith, Edinburgh; 2. Charles Ν. 
Campbell, Edinburgh ; Bruce M‘Ewan, Stonehaven; George C. 
Rankine, Edinburgh; and Alfred G. Hogg, Edinburgh—equal 
(Medallists); 6. Alice Paterson, Edinburgh; 7. Francis Esquilant, 
Penicuik. 

FirsT-CLAss HoNouRS CERTIFICATES.—8. Helen Macfie, Whithorn, 
and William Guthrie, Leven—equal; 10. A‘neas Rose, Blair 
Atholl; 11. John Macfarlane, Prestonkirk ; 12. C. R. Lowden, 
Kirriemuir ; 13. Agnes H. Pitcairn, Hawick; 14. James H. 
Michie, Perth; 15. Maggie S. Maiden, Kirkcaldy; 16. John 
Smart, Edinburgh ; 17. John Hourston, Orkney ; 18. William Μ. 
Low, Leith; 19. William Robb, Addiewell; 20. Thomas A. 
Fraser, Leith ; 21. Katherine G. Lowson, Edinburgh. 

SECOND-CLass HoNouRS CERTIFICATES.—22. William C. B. Munro, 
Thurso; 23. T. M. Forsyth, Leith, and Donald Lamont, Tiree ; 
24. John D. Gillam, Edinburgh ; 25. Colin C. Nicolas, Edin- 
burgh ; 26. William Maxwell, Arbroath; 27. Gavin Millar, 
Stonehouse; 28, Colin S. M. Brown, Shetland; 29. James W. 


108 Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 


Noble, Edinburgh, and George M. Macdougall, Oban—equal ; 
31. Grace F. Matthew, Corstorphine; 32. A. B. Noble, Edin- 
burgh; 33. J. A. Kyd, Broughty Ferry: 34. John Chalmers, 
Bathgate; 35. Mary G. Cook, Closeburn. 

H. CALDERWOOD, LL.D., Professor. 


COMMERCIAL AND POLITICAL ECONOMY AND 
MERCANTILE LAW. 

PRIZES.—1. Francis Dewar, Ratho (Medal and Merchant Company’s 
Prize of £10, 10s.) ; 2. Robert Whyte, M.A., Edinburgh (George 
Watson’s Prize); 3. Donald Banks, Wigtownshire (Daniel Stewart's 
Prize) ; 4. William Fowler, Hawick, and C. C. Watson, Edinburgh 
—equal; 6. Frank Duncanson, Burntisland; O. F. Lumsden, 
Edinburgh; A. W. Mitchell, M.A., Dunfermline, and Herbert 
Smiles, Perthshire—equal ; 10. James D. M‘Leod, Burntisland, 
and James Muir, Edinburgh—equal. 

Honours CERTIFICATES.—12. John Chalmers, Bathgate; 13. John 
Maclean, Forres, and David Reid, Wick—equal; 15. M. 
Campbell, Edinburgh; 16. W. H. Prentice, Edinburgh; 17. 
Campbell Brown, Edinburgh; 18. Alex. Hume, Caithness; 19. 
R. Young, Edinburgh; J. B. Woodburn, Belfast ; and J. Slight, 
Edinburgh—equal; 22. H. J. Lindsay, Edinburgh; 23. W. 
Maxwell, Arbroath; 24. T. A. Fraser, Leith. 

EssAys.—1. John Row-Fogo, Perthshire (Prize); 2. Robert Whyte, 
M.A. ; 3. Francis Dewar; 4. F. Duncanson and O. F. Lumsden 
—equal. 

Honours MENTION FOR Two EXAMINATIONS. — John F. 
Romanes, Dalkeith. 

J. SHIELD NICHOLSON, D.Sc., Professor. 


THEORY, HISTORY, AND ART OF EDUCATION. 


MEDAL AND First-CLass CERTIFICATE.—Robert W. Buchanan, 
M.A. 

First-CLass CERTIFICATES AND PRIZES.—Miss C. 5. J. Cameron ; 
Miss Margaret Drummond, M.A.; Miss Louisa Milne, Miss 
Elizabeth Stevenson — a//Z equal (alphabetically arranged); Mr 
J. F. Hair, Mr Arch. Milne, Miss M. L. Thomson, Miss Anna 
M. Warnock. 

First-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—Miss M. Ferguson, Miss Edith Harcus, 
Miss M. S. Jack, Mr Mathew Ketchin. 

5. 5: LAURIE, LED y Arojessor 


MATHEMATICS. 
ADVANCED HONOURS CLASS. 


First-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—I. M. C. M‘Alpin, London (JZedallist) ; 
A. Brown, Edinburgh. 


Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 109 


SECOND-CLASs CERTIFICATES.—D. M. Aitken, Edinburgh; J. 5. 
Begg, Edinburgh ; L. O. Critchley, Inverness ; *J. A. Macdonald, 
Inverness; G. Robertson, Edinburgh; *A. D. Russell, Edin- 
burgh ; *W. Thomson, Edinburgh. 

* Attending for a second time. 


INTERMEDIATE HONOURS CLASS. 


First-Ciass CERTIFICATES.—1. J. M. Low, Leith (Medalist); E. 
M. Anderson, Edinburgh ; R. Bell, Dumfries; J. B. Meiklejohn, 
Thurso; J. T. Young, Edinburgh. 

SECOND-CLass CERTIFICATES.—D. Banks, Stranraer; G. Ednie, 
Edinburgh ; J. Lornie, Perth; W. E. Malherbe, Cape Colony ; 
G. A. Russell, Dundee. 


SENIOR CLASS, 


Prizes.—1. R. H. Macnair, Edinburgh; 2. J. Lochhead, Earlston 
(Medallists) ; 3. Ὁ. Drysdale, Edinburgh; 4. R. D. Bell, Edin- 
burgh; 5. Miss M. Forrest, Edinburgh; 6. Miss J. C. Thom- 
son, Rothesay ; 7. J. Melville, Edinburgh ; 8. H. Burdon, Edin- 
burgh; 9. R. Horn, Edinburgh, and D. M. Johnston, Edinburgh 
—equal ; 11. A. Hunter, Edinburgh. 

R. Norrie, Dundee, obtained a First-Class Certificate of Merit (would 
have obtained the Second Prize had he been attending for the first 
time). 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES.—A. F. Black, East Calder; P. L. 
Cattanach, Edinburgh; A. S. Crichton, Arbroath; J. A. David- 
son, Edinburgh; H. C. Duncan, Edinburgh; A. J. Forrest, 
Edinburgh ; W. Guthrie, Leven; J. P. Longstaff, Edinburgh ; 
Miss E. W. Menzies, Inverkeithing; J. H. H. Pirie, Aberdeen ; 
W. Robertson, Trinity ; Miss B. H. A. Robson, Edinburgh: A. 
Sharp, Galashiels ; Miss W. N. Sinclair, Thurso; S. F. Stewart, 
Largs ; Miss M. C. Watson, Kirkcudbright ; J. Yuill, Kirriemuir. 

The Newton Bursary in Senior Mathematics has been awarded to 
R. Horn. 


JUNIOR CLASS. 


Prizes.—1. A. Milne, Edinburgh (AZedallist) ; 2. J. T. Kerr, New- 
castle; 3. J. Tullis, Leuchars; 4. Miss H. A. Lawson, Alloa ; 
5. W. A. Mowat, London. 

SECOND-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—E. H. Calvert, Annan; J. A. Fother- 
ingham, Orkney; Miss H. Hoyle, Rochdale; J. O. Lumsden, 
Prestonkirk ; J. L. Peters, Dundee ; Miss W. Smith, Ballater ; 
G. Wilkie, Leven; Miss M. G. Williamson, Allahabad. 

The Kelland Prize, open to members of the Class of the previous 

winter session, was awarded to A. Sharp, Galashiels. 

G. CHRYSTAL, LL.D., Professor. 


IIo Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. 


NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 


ORDINARY CLASS—HIGHER DIVISION. 

PRIZES AND Fuirst-CLASS CERTIFICATES. — 1. R. H. Macnair, 
Douglas (Afedallist) ; 2. J. Lochhead, Earlston; 3. D. H. Mac- 
Gregor, Dumfries. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATE.—4. A. B. Keith, Joppa. 

LOWER DIVISION. ε 

PRIZES AND First-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—R. L. Wilson, Dundee ; 
2. C, Anderson, Stenness ; 3. James F. Ross, Aylth (AZedallzsts) ; 
4. R. D. Bell, Edinburgh, and Miss J. C. Thomson, Rothesay— 
equal; 6. Miss H. Cameron, Arbroath; and A. Sharp, Galashiels 
—equal ; 8. John Ross, Edinburgh ; 9. W. C. Douglas, Sunder- 
land, 1). Johnstone, Edinburgh, and P. Ward, Edinburgh—equal ; 
12. Miss M. T. Stewart, Hamilton; 13. A. S. Crichton, Arbroath, 
and J. H. H. Pirie, Aberdeenshire—equal; 15. K. Blaikie, 
Edinburgh, and D. Drysdale, Edinburgh—equal. 

SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES.—17. A. J. Forrest, Edinburgh ; 18. 
Miss H. Macfie, Whithorn, and T. Paterson, Edinburgh—equal ; 
20. F. Duncanson, Burntisland; 21. E. Blades, Armadale; 22. 
J. Aim, Deerness ; 23. Miss C. J. Drummond, Edinburgh; 24. 
W. H. Fraser, Edinburgh, and T. S. Welsh, Edinburgh—equal ; 
26. M. N. 6. Fallas, Dumfries ; 27, James Melville, Edinburgh ; 
28. W. Bryce, Dundee, and W. E. C. Dickson, Edinburgh—equal ; 
30. J. D. M‘Leod, Burntisland, and W. (ἃ. Porter, Kumbakonum 
—equal; 32. Miss N. R. Duncan, Kinross ; 33. Hl. C. Duncan, 
Edinburgh; 34. James Clark, Cramond, and W. Mackenzie, 
Cromarty—equal. 

PRIZE FOR THE ORDINARY EXAMINATIONS.—R. L. Wilson. 

ADVANCED CLASS. 

First-CLass CERTIFICATES.—1I. M. C. M‘Alpin, London; 2. Miss 
J. C. Macmillan, Edinburgh. 

SECOND-CLAsS CERTIFICATES.—3. J. S. Begg, Perth, and A. Brown, 
Edinburgh—equal ; 5. H. A. Braine, Leeds, and A. D. Russell, 
Edinburgh—equal ; 7. L. O. Critchley, Inverness, and W. Jeffrey, 
Blaydon-on-Tyne—equal. 

PHYSICAL LABORATORY. 

HIGHLY COMMENDED—Summer 1895.—G. Ednie (Donald Fraser 
Bursary); 1). H. Macgregor, J. T. Young (etl Arnot Scholarship). 
Winter 1896.—Miss Bisset, C. Ἐς Fawsitt. 

P. G. TAIT, M.A., Professor. 
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 
INTERMEDIATE HONOURS. 

First-Ciass Honours.—D. M. Aitken, Singapore (MWedallist); 2. 

E. M. Anderson, Falkirk. 


Ι 


Faculty of Arts—Class Prize Lists. DET 


SECOND-CLaAss Honours.—3. Richard Bell, Dumfries; J. B. Meikle- 
john, Thurso ; and J. T. Young, Edinburgh—equal. 
ΟΕ: KNOTT, D:Sc., Lecturer: 


HISTORY. 
HONOURS COURSE. 
‘Wycliffe: His Influence,” ἄς. 
PRIZES AND Honours.—1. George Douglas Shepherd ; 2. Bessie Β. 


Bird ; 3. Louisa R. Boyd and Emily M. Milligan—equal. 
JOHN KIRKPATRICK, LL.D., Professor. 


HISTORY. 
HONOURS COURSE, 
‘*England and Europe, 1815-78.” 
Cass I.—1. Alex. Mair, Irvine (edallist). 
Ciass II.—2. Bessie B. Bird, Berwickshire, and Lilian A. Johnstone, 
Edinburgh—equal ; 4. Annie α. Smith, Edinburgh. 


ORDINARY COURSE. 
‘* General British History.” 

Cuiass I.—1. John Tait, Sandwick, Shetland (A/edal/ist); 2. Alex. 
Robb, Armadale; 3. Joseph H. Cattanach, Edinburgh, and 
James F. Ross, Alyth—equal. 

Cuiass II.—5. Bessie B. Bird, Berwickshire; 6. G. Dundas Craig, 
Dundee ; Donald Τὶ, Mackintosh, Kingussie ; and John Matheson, 
Falkirk—equal ; 9. Will. G. Brown, Penicuik ; George S. Dickson, 
Newport-on-Tay ; Richard H. Moar, Stromness, Orkney ; Michael 
Oldham, Edinburgh ; and Will. Murray Stuart, Edinburgh— equal ; 
14. James M. Hogge, Edinburgh; Marshall N. G. Fallas, Dumfries; 
and David Robertson, Stranraer—equal. 

G. W. PROTHERO, D.Litt., Professor. 


FINE ART. 


CLass MEDAL AND FIRST PrIzE.—Wm. A. Curtis. 

SECOND PrIzE.—Cecilia Dickie. 

THIRD PRIZE.—Oswald Chambers. 

CouUSIN PRIZE FOR Essays.—Thomas J. Burnett. 

HIGHLY COMMENDED FOR EssAys.—Oswald Chambers, Wm. A. 
Curtis, Cecilia Dickie. 

The above receive FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES, 

SECOND-CLAss CERTIFICATES.—T, K. Bonnar, Victor Caldwell, J. 

Crerar (absent part of the session through illness). 


HONOURS CLASS. 


Classical Archzeology. 
PRIZE.—William D. Ross, M.A. 
G. BALDWIN BROWN, M.A., Professor. 


112 


᾿ ie . 1 
Graduation in Arts. 
Candidates who commenced attendance on qualifying Classes before 1st October 


1892 ave referred to the CALENDAR for 1895-96, ov previous CALENDARS. 

The Degree admits to professional Study, to the Army, &c. It also qualifies 
for Masterships of Public Schools, subject to an examination in the methods oy 
instruction, and three months attendance in a Public School for the practice of 
teaching. Those who take the Schoolmaster’'s Diploma are now exempted from 
this Examination. 

ACADEMICAL YEAR. 


I. The Academic year commences on the first day of October. The 
winter session opens about the middle of October, and includes not 
less than twenty teaching weeks. The summer session opens about 
the beginning of May, and includes not less than ten teaching weeks. 

II. The Curriculum for the degree of Master of Arts (M.A.) ex- 
tends over not less than three winter sessions, or two winter sessions 
and three summer sessions. 


PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION.” 

III. (1) Before entering on the Curriculum (subject to the proviso 
contained in Section 1V., Sub-section 1) each student must pass a 
Preliminary Examination in the following subjects :— 

1. English. 

2. Latin or Greek, 

3. Mathematics. 

4. One of the following :—Latin or Greek (if not already taken), 
French, German, Italian,? Dynamics. 

(2) The examination must be passed in the matters and on the 
standards hereinafter defined; but there is a higher and a lower 
standard in Latin, Greek, and Mathematics. 

Candidates must pass on the higher standard in at least one of these 
three subjects, and may pass on the lower standard in either or both of 
the remaining two ; subject always to the conditions relative to attend 
ance contained in Section IV. hereof. 

(3) English includes Grammar and Composition, and the outlines 
of Geography and British History, and the standard must not be lower 
than that presently adopted for the Higher Grade Leaving Certificate 
of the Scotch Education Department. 

(4) Latin and Greek comprise grammatical questions, translation 
into English from Latin or Greek authors not previously prescribed, 
and translation of plain passages or easy sentences from English into 
Latin or Greek. The higher standard must not be lower than that 
formerly adopted in the examination for a Curriculum of three sessions, 
or for the Higher Grade Leaving Certificate of the Scotch Education 


1 The annual amount of Matriculation, Class Fees, &c., of the regular course in 
Arts may be estimated at about £10, ros. 

2 See also pages 128-131 inclusively. 

3 See Appendix, page 766. 


Regulations for Degrees ἐμ Arts. 113 


Department, and the lower standard must not be lower than that 
presently adopted for the Lower Grade Leaving Certificate of the said 
Department. 

(5) French, German, and Italian comprise grammatical, literary, 
and easy philological questions, translation into English from French, 
German, or Italian authors not previously prescribed, and translation 
from English into French, German, or Italian ; and the standard must 
not be lower than that presently adopted for the Higher Grade Leaving 
Certificate of the Scotch Education Department. 

(6) Mathematics on the lower standard comprises—(1) Arithmetic, 
including Vulgar and Decimal Fractions, Proportion, Percentage, 
Square Root, Simple Interest; (2) Algebra, including Fractions, 
Factors, Square Root, Equations of the First Degree, Simultaneous 
Equations of the First Degree, Easy Quadratic Equations, Problems 
leading to the above Equations ; (3) Geometry—Euclid, Books I., II., 
and III. (or their equivalents), with easy deductions. Demonstrations 
other than Euclid’s will be accepted if they assume no propositions 
which in Euclid’s order are subsequent to the proposition under 
consideration. 

(7) Mathematics on the higher standard, in addition, comprises 
Euclid, Books IV., VI., and the first twenty-one propositions of Book 
XI. (or their equivalents), with deductions, Quadratic Equations, Trig- 
onometry to the solution of Triangles inclusive, and the use of Log- 
arithmic Tables. 

(8) Dynamics means the Elementary Statics and Kinetics of Solids, 
Liquids, and Gases. 

(9) A candidate must pass in all the required subjects at one or not 
more than two examinations, but may offer himself for re-examination 
as often as may be necessary to satisfy this condition. 

IV. (1) Attendance on any class does not qualify for graduation, 
unless the whole Preliminary Examination has been passed. But any 
Student who has passed in Latin, Greek, or Mathematics on the higher 
standard may attend a qualifying class in such subject or subjects with- 
out having passed in the other subjects of the examination, provided 
always that (a) no candidate will be allowed to present himself for 
examination in any subject qualifying for graduation until he has passed 
the whole Preliminary Examination, and (4) no Student will be ad- 
mitted to a degree in Arts unless he has attended qualifying classes in 
the University granting the degree, or in another Scottish University, 
as provided by Section XXV. hereof, for three Academic years after he 
has completed his Preliminary Examination. 

(2) Attendance ona class in any language included in the Prelimin- 
ary Examination does not qualify for graduation, unless the candidate, 
before entering the class, has passed the Preliminary Examination in 
that subject, and on the higher standard where a double standard is 
provided. He may, for that purpose, attend any Preliminary Ex- 
amination held during the course of his study, taking only the paper 


H 


114 Regulations for Degrees in Arts. 


set in that subject ; provided always that the provisions of the sub- 
section immediately preceding have been satisfied. 

(3) Attendance on a class in any language not included in the Pre- 
liminary Examination will not qualify for graduation, unless the can- 
didate has previously passed an examination in that language on a stan- 
dard as nearly as possible equivalent to the higher standard of the 
languages included in the Preliminary Examination. 

(4) Attendance on a class of Mathematics or Natural Philosophy 
will not qualify for graduation unless the candidate, before entering the 
class—in addition to the examination in Mathematics on the Lower 
Standard required of all students—has passed an examination in the 
following subjects :— 

(a) Euclid: Book VI., Propositions 1-19, or Geometry equi- 
valent thereto. 

(4) Algebra: Quadratic Equations, Ratio and Proportion. 

(c) The Trigonometry of Right-angled Triangles. 

(5) A student, who, having passed the Arts Preliminary Examina- 
tion in accordance with these Regulations, has thereafter obtained a 
certificate of attendance on a qualifying class of Mathematics, will 
not be required to pass any further examination in Mathematics as a 
condition of entering on the course of study for graduation in Science. 

V. (1) The Preliminary Examination is held at each University twice 
in each year, and is conducted in writing. 

(2) The Joint Board of Examiners has power to accept the Higher 
Grade Leaving Certificate of the Scotch Education Department in 
any subject as an equivalent for the Preliminary Examination in that 
subject ; and to accept the Lower Grade Leaving Certificate of the 
said Department as an equivalent for the Preliminary Examination 
on the lower standard in Latin, Greek, and Mathematics ; provided 
they are satisfied that the standard of the examination, at which the 
said certificates were granted, is not lower than that required by these 
Regulations. 

(3) The Joint Board has power to determine what examinations, 
if any, other than those for the Leaving Certificates of the Scotch 
Education Department may be accepted as equivalent to the Prelimin- 
ary Examination in whole or in part, provided they are satisfied that 
such other Examinations are in fact equivalent thereto. 


ORDINARY DEGREE. 


VI. Candidates for the ordinary degree of Master of Arts may follow 
the Curriculum and take their degree in the subjects recognised for 
graduation under the Universities (Scotland) Act, 1858, subject always 
to the preceding provisions of these Regulations ; or they may vary 
the Curriculum for graduation under the reguiations contained in the 
immediately succeeding sections. 

VII. (1) Candidates must attend full courses in at least seven sub- 
jects, and are examined on these subjects. 


Regulations for Degrees tn Arts. E15 


(2) Of these subjects four must be (4) Latin or Greek (not modern 
Greek) ; (ὁ) English or a Modern Language (French, German, Italian, 
or Spanish), or History ; (Ὁ) Logic and Metaphysics, or Moral Philo- 
sophy ; (4) Mathematics or Natural Philosophy. 

(3) The remaining subjects may be selected by the candidate from the 
Departments specified in Section IX. of these Regulations, under the 
following condition :—That the whole subjects taken must include either 
(az) both Latin and Greek (not modern Greek), or (4) both Logic and 
Moral Philosophy, or (c) any two of the following three subjects,— 
Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, and Chemistry. 

VIII. (1) Each of the subjects must be studied in a full course of not 
less than one hundred meetings of the class on separate days, except in 
cases where the Senatus, with the approval of the University Court, 
have sanctioned, as qualifying for graduation, half courses of not 
less than fifty meetings on separate days ; or where the Senatus, with 
the approval of the said Court, may, having regard to the nature of the 
subject, sanction full courses of less than one hundred or half courses 
of less than fifty meetings respectively. 

(2) Two half-courses are held to be equivalent to a full course in 
such cases as the Senatus, with the approval of the University Court, 
may determine, and under such regulations as may from time to time 
be made for that purpose. 

(3) Where asubject is taught in a practical class, as well as in a sys- 
tematic class, the Senatus, with the approval of the University Court, 
regulates the course of study and determines the relative proportion 
of lectures and laboratory or practical work. 

IX. The Departments of Study for graduation in Arts in each Uni- 
versity, if adequate instruction is provided, include the following sub- 
jects, with such additions or modifications in any University as may 
hereafter be made by Ordinance of the University Court :— 


1. Language and Literature. 


Latin. | Italian. 
Greek. Sanskrit. 
Modern Greek. Hebrew. 
English. Arabic or Syriac. 
French. Celtic. 
German. 

2. Mental Philosophy. 
Logic and Metaphysics. Education (Theory, History, 
Moral Philosophy. and Art of). 
Political Economy, Philosophy of Law. 

3. Sczence. 

Mathematics. Zoology. 
Natural Philosophy. Botany. 
Astronomy. Geology, 


Chemistry, 


116 Regulations for Degrees in Arts. 


4. History and Law. 


History. Constitutional Law and His- 
Archeology and = Art tory. 
(History of), Roman Law. 


Public Law. 

X. Candidates who produce certificates that they have satisfied all 
the conditions prescribed by these Regulations, and who have passed 
the necessary examinations, are entitled to receive the ordinary degree 
of M.A. on payment of the fees required. 


CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION EXAMINATIONS. 

Candidates for Graduation in Arts with Honours are reminded that 
most of their subjects are admissible also in the Public Examinations 
held by the Civil Service Commission and other Public Examinations, 
on the results of which many important posts in India and at home 
are awarded each year. A committee of the Senatus has been formed 
for the purpose of directing the studies of Students who have these 
examinations in view. Those who desire advice or information on this 
subject should apply to Professor Hardie, Convener of the above- 
mentioned Committee. 


DEGREE WITH HONOURS. 

XI. (1) The degree of M.A. may be taken with Honours in any of 
the following Groups, in which Honours Classes have been established 
in at least two subjects :— 

(a) Classics (¢.e. Latin and Greek, with optional subjects such 
as Comparative Philology, Ancient Philosophy, and Classical 
Archeology). 

(2) Mental Philosophy. 

(c) Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. 

(4) Semitic Languages. 

(2) Indian Languages. 

(f) English (Language, Literature, and British History). 
English Literature is the chief subject of this group, the 
linguistic and historical subjects being regarded as subsidiary. 

(g) Modern Languages and Literature. 

(x) History. 

(2) Every candidate must take up at least five subjects. Two of 
these subjects, under separate Professors or Lecturers, must be selected 
from the candidate’s Honours Group; and the five subjects must include 
one from each of the Departments of Language and Literature, Mental 
Philosophy, and Science, set forth in Section IX. of these Regulations. 

(3) Every candidate must attend seven Classes, taking two Classes (one ᾿ 
of which must be an Honours Class) in each of his Honours subjects. 

(4) A candidate who has obtained Honours in any one Group may, 
before graduating, present himself again for examination in a second 
Honours Group. In such a case, he will not be required to attend 


Regulations for Degrees in Arts. 117 


more than two additional Classes, which must be Honours Classes, in 
the second Group. 

(5) The examination in the subjects comprised in the candidate’s 
Honours Group must be of a higher standard than that required for the 
ordinary degree of M.A. In his other subjects the standard will be 
that required for the ordinary degree. 

(6) The Senatus, subject to the provisions of Sections XVI. to XX. 
of these Regulations, from time to time determines what subjects are 
comprised in each Group, what subjects may be taken in half-courses, 
and in whichGroup they may be taken: Provided that no new Group 
shall be instituted except by Ordinance of the University Court. 

(7) The provisions of Section VIII. of these Regulations applies to 
Candidates for Honours ; but, in their case, not fewer than fifty meet- 
ings, on separate days, extending over an entire winter session, will 
constitute a full course for an Honours Class; and not fewer than 
twenty-five meetings on separate days, extending over half a winter 
session, or an entire summer session, will constitute a half course. 

XII. (1) Every candidate must include Latin, or Greek, either in his 
Honours Group or as one of the subjects in which the standard of 
examination is that required for the ordinary degree of M.A. 

(2) Greek is compulsory for candidates for Honours in Mental 
Philosophy.+ 

(3) Candidates for Honours in English, or Modern Languages and 
Literature, or History (Groups f, g, 2 of Section XI. hereof) must in- 
clude within the whole subjects taken for their degree (a) Logic and 
Metaphysics or Moral Philosophy, and (4) Mathematics or Natural 
Philosophy.! 

XIII. (1) The whole examination in the candidate’s Honours Group 
must be taken at one time, and the whole examination necessary for 
graduation with Honours must be taken within five years from the date of 
the candidate’s first matriculation after having passed the Preliminary Ex- 
amination, unless that period shall be extended by the Senatus on special 
cause shown; and in every such case the Senatus must make a report 
to the University Court setting forth the reasons for the extension. 

(2) Candidates for Honours may be examined, at any time during 
their Curriculum, in the three subjects in which the standard of exam- 
ination is that required for the ordinary degree of M.A. 

XIV. (1) A candidate who has passed the examinations necessary 
for the ordinary degree of M.A., but who has not yet graduated, may 
present himself for Honours within five years from the date of his 
first matriculation after having passed the Preliminary Examination, and 
will not be required to attend further classes :—subject always to the 
provisions of Section XII. hereof. 

(2) No one is allowed to present himself a second time as a candi- 
date for the degree of M.A. with Honours, who, upon examination, 
has failed to obtain Honours. 


1 See Appendix, p. 766. 


118 Regulations for Degrees in Arts. 


(3) A candidate is held to have presented himself who has notified 
his name for examination in accordance with the University regula- 
tions. But it will be in the power of the Senatus to relax this rule on 
special cause shown ; and in every such case the Senatus must make a 
report to the University Court setting forth the reasons for the relaxation. 

XV. (1) In each Group there are three Grades of Honours, to 
be denominated respectively the First, Second, and Third Class. The 
names of the candidates entitled to Honours in each class are arranged 
in alphabetical order. 

(2) For the degree of M.A. with Honours a Diploma is given 
setting forth the subjects in which he has taken Honours. 


BOARDS OF STUDIES. 


XVI. The Senatus of each University from time to time institutes 
Boards of Studies corresponding as nearly as may be to the Depart- 
ments of Study enumerated in Section IX. of these Regulations. 

XVII. Each Board of Studies consists of such Members of the 
Senatus and Lecturers in the University as the Senatus may from time 
to time select, and the Senatus appoints one of the Members of the 
Board to be Convener thereof. 

XVIII. Before the end of each winter session each Professor and 
Lecturer in the said Departments of study must submit to the proper 
Board of Studies for its approval a syllabus of the subjects and books 
proposed for the work of his class for the next Academical year (and 
also a syllabus of the subjects and books to be prescribed for the 
Examinations for the Ordinary Degree of M.A. in the next Academical 
year, and for the Honours Examinations in the Academical year next 
but one). As soon as such approval has been given, these syllabuses 
must be transmitted to the Faculty of Arts for its consideration. The 
syllabuses, with such observations as the Faculty of Arts may see fit 
to make thereon, must then be transmitted to the Senatus for its 
sanction. 

XIX. (1) Before the end of each winter session each Board of Studies 
must prepare a scheme, defining, for the Academical year next but one 
following, the classes which are deemed to be Honours Classes, and 
the subjects and courses of reading for Honours in its Department, and 
must report the same to the Faculty of Arts for its consideration. The 
scheme, with such observations as the Faculty of Arts may see fit to 
make thereon, is then transmitted to the Senatus for its sanction. 

(2) Each Board must in like manner make recommendations through 
the Faculty of Arts to the Senatus in regard to the half-courses which 
may be sanctioned under these Regulations, and the lectures which 
may be given on special subjects. 

XX. The Principal and the Dean of the Faculty of Arts are ex-officio 
Members of each Board of Studies. The Convener presides, and, in 
his absence, each meeting appoints its own Chairman, and every Chair- 
man has a deliberative, and, in cases of equality, a casting vote. 


Regulations for Degrees in Arts. 19 


GENERAL. 


XXI. In the case of a foreign student, whose native language is 
other than English, the standard required in English in the Preliminary 
Examination is such as the Joint Board of Examiners deems sufficient, 
In the case of a student, whose native language is other than European, 
the Senatus may accept as an alternative to Latin or Greek any other 
classical language, such as Sanskrit or Arabic, subject always to the 
provisions of Section IV., Sub-section 3 hereof. 

XXII. Ifa student, before passing the Preliminary Examination, has 
attended a class qualifying for graduation, the Senatus may, on special 
cause shown, permit him to count such class as qualifying for gradua- 
tion, on condition of his passing the full Preliminary Examination within 
such time thereafter as the Senatus may appoint ; and in every such case 
the Senatus must make a report to the University Court setting forth the 
reasons for the relaxation. 

XXIII. The examination in all the languages in the Curriculum must, 
as far as possible, be on the same standard in examinations for the same 
degree, and will in all cases test the candidate’s knowledge of the 
history and literature of the several countries. 

XXIV. A candidate for the degree of M.A. is not deemed to have 
attended a class as part of the Curriculum for that degree who does 
not present a certificate bearing not only that he has given regular 
attendance, but also that he has duly performed the work of the class. 

XXV. A student, who has given attendance at classes recognised as 
qualifying for graduation during one or more sessions in any one or more 
of the Scottish Universities, may complete his Curriculum by giving 
attendance during the remainder of his course in another Scottish Uni- 
versity, and may proceed to a degree in the latter University in the same 
way, in all respects as if the previous part of his Curriculum had 
been taken therein: Provided always that every such student must 
produce, to the satisfaction of the Senatus of the latter University, 
certificates of his having passed the Preliminary Examination, and of 
his attendance at the former University or Universities, and must be 
examined in all the subjects necessary for a degree of M.A. by the 
Examiners of the University in which he completes his Curriculum, 
and in which alone he will be allowed to graduate ; and that no such 
student will be admitted to a degree in any University unless he has 
given attendance in such University during the last winter session of his 
Curriculum, and one other winter session or two summer sessions. 

XXVI. A candidate for the degree of M.A. with Honours, who has 
failed to be placed in any class, may, provided that in the opinion of 
the Examiners he has given evidence of sufficient attainments in any 
subject for the ordinary degree of M.A., receive from them a certificate 
of having passed in such subject, which will count 270 ἐαγέο as part of 
the examination required under the regulations for the ordinary degree 
of M.A. 


120 Regulations for Degrees in Arts. 


XXVII. The degree of M.A. is in no case conferred on persons 
who have not satisfied the conditions hereinbefore set forth, and is not 
conferred honor7s causa tantum. 

XXVIII. A student who, at the time these Regulations came 
into operation, had commenced his course of study with a view 
to graduation in Arts in any of the Scottish Universities under the 
regulations in force at the time in such University, may complete 
his course and become a candidate for the degree of M.A., with or 
without Honours, in conformity with such regulations. And any 
such student who has passed the examination hitherto required for 
admission to a Curriculum of three sessions, if he desire to come under 
these regulations, is exempted from the Preliminary Examination 
herein required. 

XXIX. Students may attend any classes without having passed the 
Preliminary Examination within the meaning of these Regulations, but 
such attendance will not qualify for graduation. 

XXX. Attendance on classes in the Faculty of Arts in which the 
teaching is on the standard at present recognised for the classes hitherto 
known as junior or middle classes, will in no case qualify for gradua- 
tion. It is competent for the University Court in each University to 
discontinue the Junior Classes, or Middle Classes, where such exist, 
in Latin, Greek, and Mathematics, when, in the opinion of the Court, 
the provision for Secondary Education in schools throughout the country 
is sufficient to render such classes no longer necessary. 

XXXI. Ordinances numbered 12, 14, 18, and 69 of the Commission- 
ers under the Universities (Scotland) Act, 1858, as altered under the 
provisions of the said Act, are repealed, in so far as they are incon- 
sistent with these Regulations. 


GRADUATION OF WOMEN. 


I. It is in the power of the University Court to admit women 
to graduation. 

II. The conditions for graduation are the same for women 
as for men, subject to the following modifications, which have 
effect until provision is made for the instruction of women in all 
subjects qualifying for graduation in which provision is made 
for the instruction of men :— 

(1) Section XXV. of Regulations for Degrees in Arts is not 
applicable to the graduation of women in Arts. 

(2) So long as within the Faculty provision is not made for 
the instruction of women in any subject qualifying for gradua- 
tion in which provision is made for the instruction of men, it is 
in the power of the University Court to admit to graduation 
women who have received the requisite instruction in that sub- 
ject in any Scottish University, or from any teacher or in any 


Regulations for Degrees in Arts. ΣῪ 


Institution, within the University town, recognised for the pur- 
poses of graduation by the University Court: Provided always 
that every candidate for graduation produces evidence of having 
satisfied the conditions with respect to the Preliminary Exam- 
ination, and be examined in all the subjects necessary for 
graduation by the Examiners of the University. 

III. So.soon as within the University provision is made for 
the instruction of women in all subjects qualifying for gradua- 
tion in which provision is made for the instruction of men, the 
conditions for the graduation of women shall be the same as 
the conditions for the graduation of men. 

IV. (1) Women who may attend classes in the University 
must matriculate, paying a fee of the same amount as that 
exigible for other students. (2) Women, who are candidates 
for graduation but not matriculated students, and who may 
attend classes within a University town, under the provisions of 
Section 11. (2) hereof, must, at the commencement of each year 
of such attendance, enrol their names in a book to be kept in the 
University for that purpose, paying a Fee of the same amount 
as the Matriculation Fee paid by students of the University. 


ADDITIONAL REGULATIONS BY THE UNIVERSITY CouRT.! 


Any Woman who has received the requisite instruction in 
Chemistry, Botany, and Zoology in any Scottish University, or 
in the Edinburgh School of Medicine for Women, Surgeon 
Square, Edinburgh, or in the Medical College for Women, 
Chambers Street, Edinburgh, will (subject to the provisions of 
Ordinance No. 18, General No. 9, Regulations for the Gradua- 
tion of Women,” &c.) be admitted to Examination in these 
subjects for Graduation in Arts. Women may attend within 
the University the advanced Courses in Botany and Zoology. 

Any Woman, not a Matriculated Student of the University, 
availing herself of the permission to attend the Courses on 
Chemistry, Botany, or Zoology, at the above-named Schools of 
Medicine in Edinburgh, with a view to Graduation in Arts, 
must, at the commencement of each year of such attendance, 
enrol her name in a book to be kept in the University for that 
purpose, paying a Fee of the same amount as the Matriculation 


1 Extra Academical Teachers in Edinburgh, whose Lectures qualify Women 
Students for Graduation in Arts in this University :— 
T. W. Drinkwater, Ph.D., Chemistry and Practical Chemistry, 17th December 
1894. 
J. Arthur Thomson, M.A., Zoology, 17th December 1894. 
Robert Turnbull, B.Sc., Botany, 17th June 1895. 
2 See Ordinance Appendix to CALENDAR, 1892-93, page 51. 


122 Regulations for Special Study and Research. 


Fee paid by Students of the University, and having, in respect 
of such payment, a right to the use of the Library of the 
University. 


REGULATIONS FOR SPECIAL STUDY AND RESEARCH, FOR 
APPOINTMENT OF RESEARCH FELLOWS, ἅς. 


I. It isin the power of the Senatus Academicus, with the approval of 
the University Court, to make regulations under which graduates of 
Scottish Universities, or of other Universities recognised by the Univer- 
sity Court for the purposes hereof, or other persons who have given 
satisfactory proof of general education and of fitness to engage in some 
special study or research, may be admitted to prosecute such study or 
research in the University. 

II. It is the duty of the Senatus Academicus— 

(1) To receive and decide upon all applications for admission to 
prosecute special study or research. 

(2) To prepare a list of all persons so admitted (hereinafter referred 
to as Research Students). 

(3) To make regulations for the supervision of their work. 

(4) To satisfy themselves from time to time that the Research 
Students are carrying on their work in the University in a 
satisfactory manner. 

(5) To suspend or exclude from any course any student whose 
conduct or progress is unsatisfactory. 


III. Every applicant for admission must send in to the Senatus 
Academicus a written application stating any degree or other distinction 
which he has already obtained, the line of study or research which he 
wishes to prosecute and the probable period of its duration, together 
with evidence as to his character, capacity, and general qualifications. 

IV. An application for admission is in the first instance referred by 
the Senatus to the appropriate Faculty, or to a Committee appointed by 
the Senatus ; one member of the Committee shall always be a Professor 
or Lecturer within whose department the proposed line of study or re- 
search falls. No applicant shall be recommended by the Faculty or the 
Committee who has not satisfied them by examination or otherwise 
that he is qualified to prosecute the proposed line of study or research, 
and further— 

(2) That his proposed line of study or research is a fit and proper 
one ; 

(4) That he possesses a good general education ; 

(c) That he is of good character ; 

(4) That he proposes to prosecute his studies or research during a 
period to be approved by the Senatus. 

The Faculty or the Committee shall make a report to the Senatus 
upon each application. It is also their duty, subject to the regulations 
of the Senatus, to provide for the supervision of the Research Student’s 


Regulations for Special Study and Research. 123 


work, and to report at least once a year to the Senatus as to his pro- 
gress and conduct. Jhe Senatus shall then determine whether he shall 
remain a Research Student. 

V. Every Research Student is required to matriculate each year, 
paying the ordinary fee. 

VI. Research Students have access to and the use of the University 
Laboratories and Museums, under such conditions as to payment and 
otherwise as the University Court, after consultation with the Senatus, 
may determine. 

VII. The title of Research Fellow may be conferred by the Senatus, 
with the approval of the University Court, on Research Students who 
have shown special distinction. Such title shall not of itself confer any 
right to stipend, but it shall be in the power of the University Court 
to provide a stipend of such amount and for such period as it may think 
fit to any Research Fellow under the powers of Section XI., Sub-section 
8, of Ordinance 27. 

VIII. (1) The Research Fellows shall be appointed as aforesaid 
after consideration of the report or reports submitted in 
terms of Section IV. hereof. 

(2) The title of Research Fellow may be conferred either at the 
commencement of the Research Student’s course of study or 
research, or at any time during its progress, as the Senatus 
may determine. 

(3) Research Fellows shall retain their title and stipend, if any, 
for the period during which they are engaged in special 
study or research in the University, and no longer. 

(4) Research Students who have been appointed Research Fel- 
lows shall continue to be subject to the conditions above 
prescribed as to the supervision of their work and the 
reports to be made thereon. 

IX. Nothing herein contained shall prejudice the right of Research 
Students to such Fellowships, Scholarships, or Prizes as may be open 
to them by Ordinance or Deed of Foundation. 

X. The University Court may, subject to the provisions of Section 
XI., Sub-section 8, of Ordinance 27, provide such sums as it may think 
fit in aid of the expenses of Special Study or Research. 


REGULATIONS FOR HIGHER DEGREES IN ARTS AND SCIENCE. 
DEGREE OF D.Sc. 

I. Graduates who have taken the degree of Master of Arts in any 
Scottish University with first or second class honours in Mathematics 
and Natural Philosophy under the conditions prescribed by the Regu- 
lations for Degrees in Arts, or under the Regulations previously in 
force in such University, may offer themselves for the degree of Doctor 
of Science (D.Sc.) in the same University after the expiry of five years 
from the date of their graduation in Arts, under the same conditions 
as if they held the degree of Bachelor of Science. 


124 Regulations for Higher Degrees in Arts. 


II. Research Students within the meaning of the Regulations for the 
Encouragement of Special Study and Research, and for the appoint- 
ment of Research Fellows may offer themselves for the degree of D.Sc. 
of the University in which they have prosecuted some special study or 
research under those Regulations, although they have not taken the 
degree of B.Sc. or the degree of M.A. with honours as aforesaid in that 
University ; provided— 

(1) That they hold the degree of B.Sc. or M.B. of a Scottish or any 
recognised University, or a degree of any such University, which the 
Senatus shall hold to be equivalent to the degree of B.Sc. or to the 
degree of M.A. with first or second class honours in Mathematics and 
Natural Philosophy ; provided that candidates who hold any such de- 
gree from a University outside the United Kingdom may be required, 
if the Senatus think fit, before beginning their course as Research 
Students with a view to the degree of D.Sc., to pass an examination 
equivalent to an Honours or to a Final Science examination in a group 
of subjects cognate to their line of work as Research Students. 

(2) That they have spent not less than two winter sessions or an 
equivalent period as Research Students in the University granting the 
degree, and that they produce evidence of satisfactory progress in the 
special study or research undertaken by them during that period. 

(3) That a period of not less than five years shall have elapsed from 
the date of the graduation required in sub-section (1) of this section. 

III. All candidates for the degree of D.Sc. shall present a thesis 
or a published memoir or work, to be approved by the Senatus 
on the recommendation of the Faculty of Science; provided that, if 
required by the Senatus, the candidate shall also be bound to pass such 
an examination conducted orally or practically, or by written papers, 
or by all of these methods, on the subjects of his special study or of his 
thesis, as may from time to time be determined, The thesis shall be a 
record of original research undertaken by the candidate, and shall be 
accompanied by a declaration signed by him that the work has been 
done and the thesis composed by himself. 


DEGREE OF D.PHIL. 


IV. Graduates who have taken the degree of M.A. in any Scottish 
University with first or second class honours in Mental Philosophy, 
under the conditions prescribed by Ordinance No. 11 [General No, 6— 
Regulations for Degrees in Arts], or under the Regulations previously 
in force in such University, may offer themselves for the degree of. 
Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil.) in the same University after the expiry 
of five years from the date of such graduation. 

V. Research Students as aforesaid may offer themselves for the 
degree of D.Phil. of the University in which they have prosecuted 
some special study under Ordinance No. 61 [General, No. 23—Regula- 
tions for the Encouragement of Special Study and Research, and for the 
appointment of Research Fellows], although they have not taken the 


Regulations for Higher Degrees in Arts. 125 


degree of M.A. with honours as aforesaid in that University ; pro- 
vided— 

(1) That they hold the degree of M.A. with first or second class 
honours in Mental Philosophy of any Scottish University, or a degree 
of any recognised University, which the Senatus shall hold to be 
equivalent to such degree with honours as aforesaid; provided that 
candidates who hold such a degree from a University outside the 
United Kingdom may be required, if the Senatus think fit, before be- 
ginning their course as Research Students, with a view to the degree 
of D.Phil., to pass an examination equivalent to an honours examina- 
tion in a group of subjects cognate to their line of work as Research 
Students. 

(2) That they have spent no less than two winter sessions or an 
equivalent period as Research Students in the University granting the 
degree, and produce evidence of satisfactory progress in the special 
study undertaken by them during that period. 

(3) That a period of not less than five years shall have elapsed from 
the date of the graduation required in sub-section (1) of this section. 

VI. All candidates for the degree of D.Phil. shall present a thesis or 
a published memoir or work, which shall be an original contribution 
to learning, to be approved by the Senatus on the recommendation of 
a Committee appointed by the Senatus; provided that, if required by 
the Senatus, a candidate shall also be bound to pass such examination, 
conducted orally or otherwise, on the subject of his thesis or of his 
special study as may from time to time be determined. The thesis, or 
memoir, or work shall be accompanied by a declaration signed by the 
candidate that it has been composed by himself. If the thesis has not 
already been published, it shall be published by the candidate in such 
manner as the Senatus shall approve. 


DEGREE OF D.LirTT. 

VII. Graduates who have taken the degree of M.A. in any Scottish 
University with first or second class honours in any group other than 
Mathematics and Natural Philosophy or Mental Philosophy, under the 
conditions prescribed by Ordinance No. 11 [General No, 6—Regula- 
tions for Degrees in Arts], or under the Regulations previously in force 


“in such University, may offer themselves for the degree of Doctor of 


Letters (D.Litt.) in the same University after the expiry of five years 
from the date of such graduation. 

VIII. Research Students as aforesaid may offer themselves for the 
degree of D.Litt. of the University in which they have prosecuted some 
special study under Ordinance No. 61 [General No. 23—Regulations 
for the Encouragement of Special Study and Research, and for the ap- 
pointment of Research Fellows], although they have not taken the de- 
gree of M.A. with honours as aforesaid in that University ; provided— 

(1) That they hold the degree of M.A. with first or second class 
honours in any group except Mathematics and Natural Philosophy or 


126 Regulations for Higher Degrees in Arts. 


Mental Philosophy of any Scottish University, or a degree of any 
recognised University, which the Senatus shall hold to be equivalent to 
such degree with honours as aforesaid ; provided that candidates who 
hold such a degree from a University outside the United Kingdom may 
be required, if the Senatus think fit, before beginning their course as 
Research Students with a view to the degree of D.Litt., to pass an 
examination equivalent to an honours examination in a group of sub- 
jects cognate to their line of work as Research Students. 

(2) That they have spent not less than two winter sessions or an 
equivalent period as Research Students in the University granting the 
degree, and produce evidence of satisfactory progress in the special 
study undertaken by them during that period, 

(3) That a period of not less than five years shall have elapsed from 
the date of the graduation required in sub-section (1) of this section. 

IX. All candidates for the degree of D.Litt. shall present a thesis 
or a published memoir or work, which shall be an original contribution 
to learning, to be approved by the Senatus on the recommendation 
of a Committee appointed by the Senatus ; provided that, if required 
by the Senatus, a candidate shall also be bound to pass such examina- 
tion, conducted orally or otherwise, on the subject of his thesis or of his 
special study as may from time to time be determined. The thesis, 
or memoir, or work shall be accompanied by a declaration signed by 
the candidate that it has been composed by himself. If the thesis has 
not already been published, it shall be published by the candidate 
in such manner as the Senatus shall approve. 


GENERAL. 


X. Notwithstanding and in supplement of the Regulations as to 
Examinations, sections XIV. and XV., the Senatus Academicus in 
each University shall appoint such Professors or Lecturers as it may 
think suitable to conduct the examination of candidates who may offer 
themselves under the Regulations for Degrees in Science, or of these 
Regulations for the Degree of Doctor of Science, Doctor of Philosophy, 
or Doctor of Letters ; and the University Court shall, after consultation 
with the Senatus Academicus, appoint an additional Examiner to act 
along with them. Such additional Examiner shall be a person of recog- 
nised eminence in the subject of the thesis, or memoir, or work which 
is to be submitted for approval. The result of the examination shall 
be reported to the appropriate Faculty or Committee of Senatus. 

XI. The degrees of D.Sc. in Mental Science or D.Sc. in Philology 
shall no longer be conferred by any Scottish University. 

XII. Candidates who have already completed the necessary attend- 
ance on classes required for the degree of D.Sc. in Mental Science or 
D.Sc. in Philology, under regulations hitherto in force in any Scottish 
University, may proceed to the degree of D.Phil., or of D.Litt., as 
the case may be, under this Ordinance :—provided such candidates 
comply with the provisions of Section VI. or Section IX. hereof, as 


Joint Board of Examiners. 127 


the case may be, and that a period of not less than five years shall have 
elapsed from the date of their graduation as M.A. 

XIII. The degrees of D.Sc., D.Phil., and D.Litt. shall in no case be 
conferred on persons who have not satisfied the conditions hereinbefore 
set forth, and shall not be conferred hovxords causa tantum. 

The fee to be paid for Examination for each of the degrees of D.Sc., 
D.Phil., and D.Litt. is ten guineas, payable when the thesis is lodged, 
and the fee for each re-examination for each of the Degrees is £5, 5s. 

Candidates for Examination or Graduation must pay the Matriculated 
fee for the Academic year. 


JOINT BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR THE 
SCOTTISH ‘UNIVERSITIES. 


A Joint Board of Examiners, who control and supervise the 
Preliminary Examinations, is appointed annually by the Univer- 
sity Courts of the four Scottish Universities, and holds office 
from Ist February to 31st January in the succeeding year. 
The Board sits for a year at each University in rotation, viz. :— 
Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen, St Andrews. The Principal 
of the University at which the Board sits is Chairman for the 
time, and the Secretary of the University Court is Convener. 

Members of the Board (which meets at St Andrews) for the 
current year (Ist February 1896 to 31st January 1897) :— 


Chairman—Principal Donaldson, LL.D. 

Convener—Charles Stuart Grace, Esq., W.S. 

Appointed by St Andrews University—Professor P. R. Scott 
Lang, M.A., B.Sc. (Mathematics and Dynamics); John B. 
Charles, Esq., M.A. (English); William Menzies, Esq., M.A. 
(Classics); F. F. Roget, Esq. (Modern Languages). 

Appointed by Edinburgh University—Professor Saintsbury, 
M.A, (English) ; James C. Smith, Esq., M.A. (Classics) ; David 
Beveridge Mair, Esq., M.A. (Mathematics and Dynamics) ; 
Otto Schlapp, Esq. (Modern Languages). 

Appointed by Glasgow University — Professor Ramsay, 
LL.D. (Classics) ; Professor Jack, LL.D. (Mathematics and 
Dynamics); A. M. Williams, Esq., M.A. (English) ; Professor 
Strong (Modern Languages). 

Appointed by Aberdeen University—Professor Harrower, 
M.A.; Professor Grierson, M.A., LL.D.; David Craib, Esq., 
M.A.; Rev. James Milne, M.A. 

The Joint Board from time to time issue Supplementary 
Regulations for the Preliminary Examination, and set the 
papers, which are common to all the Scottish Universities. It 


128 Preliminary Examination. 


also gives instructions to the Examiners with a view to secure 
adequate and uniform examination. 


PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION IN ARTS AND SCIENCE. 


In addition to the Regulations, Sections III. to V. inclusively, and 
the Regulations for Degrees in Science, Sections 1 to 9 inclusively, 
page 14, the Joint Board have made the following Supplementary 
Regulations :— 

I. English will include Grammar, Composition, Literature, History, 
and Geography. 

(a) Grammar will include Analysis, Parsing, Derivation, and Correc- 
tion of sentences. 

(ὁ) Composttion will include an Essay and Paraphrasing. 

(c) Literature—(i) In October 1896, will include a general knowledge 
of the life and works of the greater writers, and a more special know- 
ledge of two or three of these writers. 

In October 1896 the subjects prescribed for special study will be 
Shakespeare’s ‘‘Henry the Fifth,” and Scott’s ‘‘ Fair Maid of 
Perth.” 

(ii) In and after April 1897, Literature will comprise a knowledge 
of certain prescribed books of two or three writers ; and the amount of 
prescribed work will therefore be increased. Questions requiring a 
general knowledge of the life and works of the greater writers will no 
longer be set ; but one or two questions may be set, giving an oppor- 
tunity to candidates who have read widely in English Literature to 
show their knowledge. 

The Books prescribed in English Literature are :— 

For 1897. 1. Shakespeare: Cortolanus. 
. Scott: Quentin Durward. 
. Tennyson: Zhe Princess, and Enoch Arden. 
. Macaulay: Lord Clive. 
Shakespeare: Zhe Tempest. 
Scott: Heart of Midlothian. 
. Milton: Δ᾽ Allegro, Il Penseroso, Arcades, Comus, 
Lyctdas. 
4. Addison: Selections from Spectator (Macmillan, ed. 
Deighton). 

NV.£.—In October 1896, alternative papers will be set in English 
Literature—one on the lines laid down in paragraph (i), and the other 
on the lines laid down in paragraph (ii), the prescribed books being the 
same for each paper. Candidates may select whichever paper they 

refer. 
᾿ (4) History will include a knowledge of one of the three following 
periods to be taken in successive years in the order herein mentioned, 
namely :—The Outlines of the History of both England and Scotland 
(z) from the Roman occupation to the Accession of James VI. (for 
October 1896) ; (4) from the Accession of James VI. to the Union of 


For 1898. 


WNW Ν 


Preliminary Examination. 129 


the Parliaments in 1707 (for April and October 1897); (c) from the 
Union of the Parliaments in 1707 to the Reform Bill of 1832 (for April 
and October 1898). 

(6) Geography will include a general knowledge of the Geography of 
the World, and a special knowledge of the Geography of the British 
Empire. 

ae The Zatix Examination on the Higher Standard will be—Trans- 
lation, Prose Composition, Grammar, and Sentences. 

3. The Greek Examination on the Higher Standard will be—Trans- 
lation, Sentences, and Grammar. 

The passages for Translation both from Greek and Latin will include 
Prose and Verse. 

4. The Latin Examination on the Lower Standard will be— 
Translation and Parsing, Prose Composition, Grammar, and Sen- 
tences. 

5. The Greek Examination on the Lower Standard will be—Trans- 
lation, Sentences, and Grammar. 

In the Latin and the Greek papers, both on the Higher and Lower 
Standards, Candidates are required to satisfy the Examiners both in 
composition and in translation. 

6. In the Examination in Mathematics on the Higher, the Inter- 
mediate, and the Lower Standards, each question in Geometry will 
consist of two parts, of which one will be an easy deduction or illustra- 
tive exercise on the proposition set as bookwork. 

The papers in Mathematics on the Higher Standard and on the 
Intermediate Standard will be devoted to the various subjects com- 
prised in them as nearly as possible in the following proportions : 
two-fifths to Geometry, two-fifths to Algebra (including Arithmetic, if 
thought desirable), and one-fifth to Trigonometry. 

Candidates for the Higher Standard may obtain full marks by doing 
correctly about two-thirds of the questions set in each subject ; but the 
Examiners will be entitled to reject a Candidate who makes in any 
subject less than a certain minimum of the marks allotted to that subject. 

The pass mark for Candidates on the Intermediate Standard is fixed 
with reference to the total number of marks assigned to questions which 
fall under the syllabus of the Intermediate Standard ; but such Candi- 
dates will receive credit for any question they may answer. 

The paper in Mathematics on the Lower Standard will be devoted to 
the various subjects comprised, in as nearly as possible the following 
proportions : four-ninths to Geometry, three-ninths to Algebra, and 
two-ninths to Arithmetic. 

Candidates may obtain full marks by doing correctly about two-thirds 
of the questions set in each subject ; but the Examiners will be entitled 
to reject a Candidate who makes in any subject less than a certain 
minimum of the marks allotted to that subject. 

7. The paper on Dynamics will be directed to test the Candidate’s 
knowledge of the fundamentual principles of the subjects included in it, 


I 


130 Preliminary Examination. 


As far as possible each question will consist of two parts, one of which 
will be a numerical or other simple illustrative example of the principle 
with which the other part of the question deals. 

About one-seventh of the paper will be devoted to Kinematics, and 
the remainder of the paper will be assigned to Kinetics, Statics, and 
Hydrostatics, in as nearly as possible equal proportions. : 

Candidates may obtain full marks by doing correctly about two-thirds 
of the questions set in each section of the paper. 

Dynamics shall include the following :— 

(1) Aznematics.—Displacements, velocities, and accelerations of a 
moving point, with their compositions and resolutions. Translation of 
a rigid body. Relative velocity of two moving points. 

(2) Aznetics.—The laws of motion, momentum, force, energy, work, 
—their measures in the British and C.G.S. systems of units. Change 
of units. Rectilinear motion of a particle under the action of constant 
forces. Free motion of a body under gravity, including projectiles. 
Atwood’s machine. Impulsive forces. Direct impact of smooth 
spheres. 

(3) Statics.—Composition and resolution of co-planar forces. Theory 
of co-planar couples. Conditions of equilibrium of forces in one plane. 
Centre of mass. Friction. Machines. Application of the principle 
of work to machines. 

(4) Aydrostatics.—Definitions of solid, fluid, liguid, gas. Viscosity. 
Measure of pressure at a point of fluid. Law of equable transmission 
of pressure. Laws of variation of pressure in heavy liquids. Resultant 
pressure of a heavy liquid on a plane surface, including the centre of 
pressure of a plane surface. Principle of Archimedes. Experimental 
determination of the densities of solids, liquids, and gases. Atmospheric 
pressure. The barometer. Boyle’s law. The siphon pumps for liquids, 
air pumps, and the diving-bell. 

Questions may be set which involve the Trigonometry of right-angled 
triangles. 

8. For the Examination in French and German— 

Two papers will be set, both in French and German—an hour and a 
half being allowed for the first paper, and two hours for the second ; 
the first paper to contain a passage for translation from English into 
French or German, with some short sentences of an idiomatic character ; 
the second paper will contain a set of grammatical questions, two passages 
for translation into English (one in Verse, one in Prose), and a selection 
of Literary, Philological, or Historical questions, from which the Candi- 
date will be allowed to choose one only. 

The questions on Literature will be confined year by year to certain 
groups of authors, as in the following scheme, viz :— 

French.—In October 1896.—(X V//th Century)—Pascal, Descartes, 
Corneille, Racine, Moliére, Boileau, La Fontaine, Mme. de Sévigné, 
Bossuet, Fénelon, La Rochefoucauld, La Bruyére. In April and 
October 1897.—(XV///th Century) — Regnard, Lesage, Massillon, 


Preliminary Examination. EST 


Saint Simon, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Vauvenargucs, Marivaux, Jean 
Jacques Rousseau, Diderot, Buffon, Beaumarchais, Bernardin St Pierre, 
Mirabeau. In April and October 1898.—(X/AX¢h Century)—Chateau- 
briand, Mme. de Staél, Lamartine, Victor Hugo, Alfred de Musset, 
Alexandre Dumas, George Sand, Balzac, Prosper Mérimée, Guizot, 
Thiers, Mignet, Michelet, About. 

German.—In October 1896.—Klopstock, Wieland, Lessing, Herder, 
Biirger, Voss, Friedrich Leopold Stolberg, Holty, Leisewitz. In April 
and October 1897.—Goethe, Schiller, Klinger, Lenz, Schubert, Arndt, 
Komer, Riickert. In April and October 1898.-—Jean Paul, the 
Schlegels, Novalis, Tieck, Arnim, Brentano, Grillparzer, Heine, 
Uhland. 

Candidates who, having taken in Latin or Greek the Examination 
on the Higher Standard have failed to pass on that Standard, but 
have obtained a percentage of marks equivalent to a pass on the 
Lower Standard, may be held by the Board to have passed the Exam- 
ination on the Lower Standard. 


EXAMINATIONS EXEMPTING FROM THE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 
IN ARTS AND SCIENCE. . 


The Joint Board accept the following Examinations as exempting 
from the Preliminary Examination in Arts and Science, either whod/y 
or 2 part :-— 

1. A Degree in Arts or in Science, not being an Honorary Degree, 
in any of the Universities of the United Kingdom, shall exempt from 
the Preliminary Examination in Arts or in Science, as the case 
may be. 

2. For the Preliminary Examination in Arts and Science the Higher 
and Honours Grade Leaving Certificates of the Scotch Education 
Department in Latin, Greek, and Mathematics will be accepted as 
equivalent to the Higher Standard in each of these subjects, as pre- 
scribed by the Arts Regulations, and the Lower Grade Certificate to the 
Lower Standard ; the Higher and Honours Grade Leaving Certificate 
in English and in Modern Languages will be accepted as equivalent 
to the standard prescribed for each of these subjects by the Arts 
Regulations, 

3. A Certificate of having passed in the Honours or First Division 
in English in the London University Matriculation Examination will 
be accepted as equivalent to English in the Arts and Science Pre- 
liminary Examination ; and the Joint Board also accepts for the Pre- 
liminary Arts and Science Examination (1) London University Matricu- 
lation Mathematics as equivalent to Lower Mathematics ; (2) London 
University Matriculation Mechanics as equivalent to Dynamics; and 
(3) London University Intermediate Mathematics as equivalent to In- 
termediate and Higher Mathematics. 

4. The Higher Certificate of the Oxford and Cambridge Schools 
Examinations Board will be accepted as equivalent to the Higher 


132 Preliminary Examination. 


Standard in each subject in the Preliminary Examination in Arts 
and Science, and their Lower Certificate as equivalent to the Lower 
Standard. 

This Regulation will hold only till October 1897 inclusive. 

5. Oxford University Senior Local Examinations, if passed with 
distinction, to be accepted as exempting 270 ¢anto in Higher Latin, 
Higher Greek, French, German, and Intermediate Mathematics, and 
in English provided that the candidate has passed in division 1, and in 
division 3, or 4, or §; if without distinction, to be accepted pro tanto 
for Lower Latin, Lower Greek, and Lower Mathematics. 

6. Oxford University Higher Examination for Women to be ac- 
cepted as exempting 270 tanto for the Arts and Science in the case of 
Higher Latin, Higher Greek, English, and Lower Mathematics ; and 
if with distinction, for French and German, and Higher Mathematics. 

7. Cambridge University Local Examinations :— 

(a) Junzor Locals. The pass with distinction to be accepted for 
Lower Mathematics, provided the Candidate has passed in 
Books I., II., and III., of Euclid, and in Quadratic 
Equations. 

(ὁ) Senzor Locals. The pass to be accepted as exempting 270 
tanto for Lower Latin, and Lower Greek, and for Higher 
Mathematics; and if with distinction, for Higher Latin, 
and Higher Greek, and English. 

8. Cambridge University Higher Local Examinations to be accepted 
pro tanto. 

9. Oxford and Cambridge Schools Examination Board. Lower 
Certificate to be accepted for Lower Mathematics, provided the candi- 
date has passed in three books of Euclid, and as far as Quadratic 
Equations in Algebra. 

Higher Certificate. The pass to be accepted for Lower Latin, 
Lower Greek, and Lower Mathematics, provided the latter includes 
Elementary and additional Mathematics; if with distinction, to be 
accepted for Higher Latin, Higher Greek, French, German, and 
Higher Mathematics. 

10. Victoria University. The Preliminary Examination to be held 
as exempting from the Preliminary proper, but not from the Examina- 
tion required for admission to a graduating class in any language. (See 
page 16, iv. §§ (3) (4) of Regulations. ) 

11. For the Preliminary Examination in Arts and Science, the Deans 
of the Faculties concerned are empowered to accept, pro ¢azto, such 
examinations qualifying for entrance to recognised Colonial and Foreign 
Universities (although not included in the list of Equivalent Examina- 
tions issued by the Joint Board) as they consider to be sufficient, but on 
condition that they afterwards report each case to the Senate, and to 
the Joint Board as soon as possible. 


Time-Tables for Preliminary and Bursary Exams. 1532 


DATES OF ENTERING FOR PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION FOR THE 
ACADEMIC YEAR, AND FOR PAYMENT OF FEES. 


The Preliminary Examinations are held in the Examination Hall in 
the University, in autumn and spring. 

Each Candidate must pay a fee of 10s. 6d. for each appearance at 
the Preliminary Examination. 

Candidates may obtain Schedules at the Matriculation Office, 
University (Old) Buildings, on and after 4th September 1896, and 
on and after 15th February 1897. The Schedules must be com- 
pleted and lodged, along with the fees, not later than 18th September 
1896 and Ist March 1897 for the autumn and spring Examinations 
respectively. 

Candidates may pay the fees personally or transmit them to T. 
GILBERT, University, Edinburgh, by Post Office or Postal Orders, or 
by Bank Drafts, crossed Union Bank of Scotland (Hunter Square 
Branch), Edinburgh, and not by cheques on private accounts. When 
names are not entered and fees paid on or before the stated dates, a 
late-entry fee of 10s. must be paid. A Candidate is not held to be 
entered until his Schedule is lodged, the Fee paid, and a Pass to the 
Examination obtained. 


TIME-TABLES FOR PRELIMINARY AND BURSARY EXAMINATIONS (FOR ARTS 
AND SCIENCE) FOR 1896-97. 


] 
|Arts, Science, Law (B.L.), and Music; 
Preliminary Examinations and 


Medical Preliminary | 
Bursary Examinations. | 
| 


Examinations. 


| 
Sept. 25 | Fri. τος es act Additional English for Bur- 
saries, 9-12! 

Italian, 2-5}, 4 
» 26/Sat. | English, 9-11, 12-2 English, 9-11, 12-21, 3, 4 | 
Do., Alternative Paper, Lower Greek, 3-63, 4 

g-12 Anglo - Saxon, for Patterson 

Greek, 3-6 Bursary, 9-12, 2-5. | 
Dor, 3-5" | | 


| 


1 Papers for the University Ordinary First Year Bursary Examination, for the Heriot Uni- 
versity Bursaries both for men and for women, and for the Bursaries offered by the Edin- 
burgh Association for the University Education of Women. 

2 For Students under the Old Regulations. 

® Papers for the Preferential Bursary Examination. 

4 Papers for Music Preliminary: for Italian for Music Preliminary half-an-hour more will 
be allowed. 

The Papers for the Heriot University Bursaries for Women Students of Medicine, and 
for the St George's Training College Bursaries for non-Graduates, are the Preliminary 


| Examination Papers pure and simple: candidates for these Bursaries as such are not re- 


| quired to take any of the additional Bursary Papers. 


34 Lime- Tables of Preliminary and Bursary Exams., Oct. 1896. 


Medical Preliminary Arts, Science, Law cB. L.), and Music 
Weetntiatone Preliminary Examinations and 
| Xe 5. 
Bursary Examinations. 
1896 | 
/Sept. 28 Mon. | Latin, 9-12 | Lower Latin, 9-123, 4 i 
Mathematics, 2-5 Lower Mathematics, 2-5°, 4 
fh 35 το 4 Birench,3-6 Higher Latin, 9-11, 12-2! 
ὥς; 0» 63-51 ΟΠ απ for Second and Third 
Year Bursaries, 9-12 
French, Ist paper, 3-4.304 4 
| 5, 30] Wed. | German, 3-6 Higher Greek, 9-11, 12-2? 
Dor 1:5" | Greek for Second and Third 


Year Bursaries, 2.30-5.30 
German, Ist paper, 3-4.30!; 4 


-» ὦ 


Oct. 1} Thur. Higher Mathematics, 9-11, Intermediate αηὰ Higher Mathe- 


3| ι ὲ , 
| 12-2*; matics, and Mathematics for| τ 
| First, Second, and Third ; 
| Year Bursaries, 9-11, 12-2! 
French, 2nd paper, 3-5} 4 ΐ 

ὗ 

55 2. Fri. Moral Philosophy, 9-11? | German, 2nd paper, 9-11); 4 4 


Mechanics, 1-4? Dynamics, 1-4! 
| Logic and Psychology for Third 
Year Bursaries, 1-4 


9 


| 
| 
| 5 3] Sat. | Natural Philosophy, 9-117 | Elementary Physics, 9-114 
| 


| Logic, 2-4? Logic, 2-44 

| Additional Latin and Greek for 

Ordinary Bursaries, 9-121 

| Classics for Second and Third 
Year Bursaries, 9-12 

Additional Mathematics for 

Ordinary Bursaries, and for 

Second and Third Year 

| Bursaries, 2-5! 


| | 


LS EET AL BY ae Bas 


1 Papers for the University Ordinary First Year Bursary Examination, for the Heriot Uni- 
versity Bursaries both for men and for women, and for the Bursaries offered by the Edin- | 
burgh Association for the University Education of Women. ἢ 

2 For Students under the Old Regulations. ἯΙ 

3 Papers for the Preferential Bursary Examination. } 

4 Papers for Music Preliminary. 

The Papers for the Heriot University Bursaries for Women Students of Medicine, and | 
for the St George’s Training College Bursaries for non-Graduates, are the Preliminary 
Examination Papers pure and simple: candidates for these Bursaries as such are not re- 
quired to take any of the additional Bursary Papers. 


Time-Tables of Preliminary Exams., Oct. 1896 & April 1897. 135 


Arts, Science, Law (B.L.), and Music 


Medical Preliminary Preliminary Examinations and 
Examinations. | Bursary Examinations. 
1896. | 
Octe5)| Mon.) ... a ἊΝ ... | Higher Geometry for Kelland 
| Prize, 9-12 
Gaelic for Mackinnon Bursary 
g-12 
6). MEETING OF PRELIMINARY EXAMINERS. | 
ΕἸ: MEETING OF JOINT BOARD ἢ At το A.M, 
LO) Sats MEETING OF JOINT BoaRD J each day. | 
op Ug) ANTE CLASSES OPEN. | 
1897. 
Mar. 26 | Fri. ἊΣ ΠΝ ... > | Italian, 2-54 | 
»» 27/Sat. | English, 9-12 English, 9-11, 12-24 | 
Greek, 3-6 Lower Greek, 3-64 
Do., 3-5" 
» 29 Mon. | Latin, 9-12 Lower Latin, 9-124 
Mathematics, 2-5 Lower Mathematics, 2-54 
ΠΟ ΜΕ: French, 3-6 Higher Latin, 9-11, 12-2 
ΠΡΌΣ 1255: French, Ist paper, 3-4.309 
.» 31 | Wed. | German, 3-6 Higher Greek, 9-11, 12-2 
| Dorn 3-52 German, Ist paper, 3-4.30! 
Apr. 1 Thur. | Higher Mathematics, 9-11, | Intermediateand Higher Mathe- 
| I2-27| matics, 9-11, 12-2 
| French, 2nd paper, 3-54 
ee | Fri. | Moral Philosophy, 9-112. | German, 2nd paper, 9-114 
Mechanics, 1-4? Dynamics, I-4 | 
9» 3 Sat. | Natural Philosophy, 9-11? Elementary Physics, 9-114 | 
| | Logic, 2-4? Logic, 2-44 
eG Tus.’ | MEETING OF PRELIMINARY EXAMINERS. 
op. > 1G) ΕἾ: 1 MEETING OF JOINT BOARD) At Io A.M. 
LON Sats. «| MEETING OF JOINT BoArRD/f each day. 


? For Students under the Old Regulations. 
4 Music Preliminary: for Italian for Music Preliminary half-an-hour more will be allowed. 


FEES FOR DEGREE OF M.A. 

Candidates for the Ordinary Degree pay for each of the 
subjects of Astronomy, Chemistry, Zoology, Botany, or Geology 
Al, 15., and for each of the other subjects 155. 

Candidates for the Degree, with Honours, pay the same total 
fees as for the Ordinary Degree. 

Those who fail in the Examinations pay tos, 6d, for re-exam- 
ination in each subject, 


136 Dates of Examinations for M.A. and Payment of Fees. 


DATES OF ENTERING FOR EXAMINATIONS AND FOR PAYMENT 
OF FEEs.! 

Candidates may obtain Schedules at the Matriculation Office. 
Schedules must be lodged, Certificates shown, and Fees paid 
as follows :— 

1. For the Examinations in October 1896, wot /ater than 1st 
October. 

2. For the Examinations in Spring of 1897 Schedules must 
be lodged and Fees paid zot dater than 5th March, and the 
Matriculation Tickets and Class Certificates must be shown as 
follows :—For the Examinations in March at least ἔσο clear 
days before the date of the Examination in each subject ; for 
the Examinations in April, κοΐ later than 27th March. 

3. For the Examinations in Chemistry, Zoology, Botany, and 
Geology in Summer 1897, Schedules must be lodged and Fees 
paid not later than 9th July, and Certificates shown on Friday, 
16th July. 

When the Candidate has exhibited his Matriculation Tickets 
and the Certificates for Examination, the Clerk will stamp on 
the Receipt for the Fee the words, “Certificates examined,” 
whichentitle the Candidate to admission to the Examination Hall. 

Candidates for Examination or for Graduation must be 
Matriculated Students of the Academic year. 

Every Candidate for Graduation must produce certificates of 
having passed the necessary Examinations and pay the Fee of 
£1 for Registration as a Member of the General Council at 
least one clear day before the date of Graduations 

The fees for Matriculation, Examinations for Degrees, and 
Registration of Graduates as Members of the General Council, 
are payable at the Matriculation Office, University. Candidates 
may pay the fees personally, or transmit them to T. GILBERT, 
University, Edinburgh, by Post Office or Postal Orders, or by 
Bank Drafts, crossed “ Union Bank of Scotland (Hunter Square 
Branch), Edinburgh,’ and not by cheques on private accounts. 

Degrees are conferred by the Chancellor or the Vice- 
Chancellor of the University. They are not conferred zz 
absentia, except on very special cause shown. Candidates must 
appear in Academic costume, with the appropriate hood.?? 

1 When names are not entered nor fees paid on or before the stated dates, an 
additional or late-entry fee of ten shillings must be paid before the Candidate 
can be admitted to examination. A Candidate is not held to be entered for the 
Examination until his Name is entered, the Fee paid. and all the necessary Certifi- 
cates, &c., lodged. * Black silk lined with τυλέζε. 

3 Immediately after obtaining the Degree, Candidates should apply for their 
Diplomas at the Matriculation office. There is no additional charge for the Diploma. 


Any Graduate who cannot apply personally is required to give written authority 
to some person to receive and give a receipt for it. 


Time-Tables for M.A. Examinations. 137 


TIME-TABLES FOR M.A. EXAMINATIONS FOR 1896-97. 


M.A. Examinations. M.A. Honours Examinations. 


Oct. 6, Τὰ. | English, 9-11, 11.30-1.30 

| | Rhetoric and English Litera- | 

| | ture, &c., for Degrees in 

| Music, 9-11, 11.30-1.30 

| Latin, 2.30-4.30 

"  7| Wed.| Latin, 9-11 

Greek, I1.30-1.30, 2.30-4.30 

,,  8|Th. | Mathematics, 9-11, 11.30-1.30 

Natural Philosophy, 2.30-4.30 

»» 9} Fri. | Natural Philosophy, 9-11 

Logic, 11.30-1.30, 2. 30-4. 30 

»» 10]Sat. | Moral Philosophy, 9-11, | 

11.30-1.30 

ΠΣ} ὺυ: CLASSES OPEN 

», 26] Mon, | Constitutional Law ἃ Hist., 2-4 

», 27| Tu. | Roman Law, 9-1 

Constitutional Law & History, 
2-4 

», 28 | Wed. | Political Economy, 9-11, 

II.30 1-30 

» 29|Th. | Philosophy of Law, 9-11 

Public International Law, 12-2 


| 


1897. 
Mar. 15| Mon. | Constitutional Law ἃ History, 
2-4 | 
» 16] Tu. | Roman Law, 9-1 | 
Constitutional Law ἃ History, 


2-4 | 
», 17] Wed. | Political Economy, 9-11, | 
II. 30-1.30 | 
» 18| Th. | Philosophy of Law, 9-11 | 
Public International Law, 12-2 | 
Sanskrit, 9-11, I1.30-1.30 | 
Arabic and Syriac, 2.30-4.30 
»» 20] Sat. | Practical Chemistry, at hours to | 
be announced (also on subse- 
quent days if necessary). 
| Arabic and Syriac, 9-11 


Nore.—In the Examinations for the Degree of M.A. in Roman Law, Public Law, and 
Constitutional Law and History, candidates who intend to proceed later to the Degree of 
B. must pass on the LL.B. standard. 


138 


1897. | 
Mar. 21) Mon. | 
Sere sil: 
ἡ ἧνεα:- 
Ὁ eae 
ay ADD al 
27 581 
ἜἾ 29 | Mon. | 
9» 30/Tu. | 

| 
ἘΝῚ 
» 21 νεα: 


| Logic, 3-5 Logic, 9-12, 2-5 


Zime-Tables for M.A, Examinations. 


M.A. Examinations. M.A. Honours Examinations.1 


Chemistry, 10-12 

Oral Examinations in Science 
Subjects may begin 

Botany, 1-3 

Zoology, 10-12 

Geology, 1-3 

Celtic, 9-11, I1.30-1.30 

Hebrew, 2. 30-4. 30 

Hebrew, 9-11 

Astronomy, II.30-I.30, 2.30- 
4.30 

Education, 9-11, I1.30-1.30 English, 9-12, 2-5 


| Archeology and Art, 3-5 Constitutional — History, 
9:12, 2-5 
Archeology and Art, 9-11 English, 9-12, 2-5 
History, 12-2, 3-5 Constitutional _— History, 


| Educn. Schoolmr’s Diploma, 3-5} 9-12 
| English, 9-11, 11.30-1.30 English, 9-12, 2-5 
| Rhetoric and English Litera-| Classics, 9-12, 2-5 


ture, &c., for Degrees in| Modern Languages, 9-12, 
Music, 9-II, I1.30-1.30 2-5 


Pure Mathematics, 9-12,2-5 
History, 9-12, 2-5 

Latin, 9-II, 11.30-1.30 English (Hist.), 9-12, 2-5 
Logic, 3-5 Classics, 9-12, 2-5 

Modern Langs., 9-12, 2-5 
Logic, 9-12 

Moral Philosophy, 2-5 
Pure Mathematics, 9-12 
Natural Philosophy, 2-5 
History, 9-12, 2-5 

Greek, 9-11, I1.30-1.30 Classics, 9-12, 2-5 


Mathematics, 3-5 Modern Languages, 9-12, 


| 


2-5 

Moral Philosophy, 9-12, 2-5 

Natural Philosophy, 9-12 
2-5 

EUS Cs AO Eee 


1 The order of the papers set at the particular hours fixed for the general Honours Subjects, 
within any department or group, may be varied at the discretion of the Examiners. It is 
impossible to avoid clashing between the hours of Examinations in the Pass, Honours, and 
Scholarships subjects, and Candidates should carefully consider early in their curriculum the 
arrangements for these Examinations in order, so far as possible, to avoid clashing. 


M.A. Examinations. M.A. Honours Examinations.1! 
| 1897. | 
‘Apr. 1!Th. | Mathematics, 9-11 Classics, 9-12, 2-5 
Moral Philosophy, 11.30-1.30, Modern Languages, 9-12 
3-5 History of Art, 9-12 
»  2)|Fri. | Natural Philosophy, 9-11, | Classics (Optional Sub- 


Graduation tn Arts—Pass Examinations, 1896-97.. 139 


II. 30-1.30 | jects), 9-12, 2-5 


ees Sat. «| French, 1¥.30-1.30, 3-5 
ee 5 |fon.}German, 9-11, _11.30-1.30,| 
Essay, 3-4, French Essay, 4-5 


wed. MEETING OF M.A. EXAMINERS FOR OLD SUBJECTS. 


GRADUATION |CEREMONIAL at IO A.M. 
ΠΟ Sats | | 


‘July 17 | Sat. | Practical Chemistry, at hours to 


be afterwards announced (also 
_ _on following days if necessary). 
»» 19) Mon. | Chemistry, 10-12 
Oral Examinations in Science! 
| Subjects may begin | 
| Botany, 1-3 
» 20] Du. | Zoology, 10-12 
Geology, 1-3 
| ] Ὁ ΨΥ ee. > 
Pass EXAMINATIONS FOR MASTER OF ARTS. 
(See Time-Tables, Pages 137-139.) 
The subjects for the Examinations for the Ordinary Degree 
in October 1896 and April 1897 are as follows :— 


I,—DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. 
1. Latin. 

Horace, Odes, iii.-iv.— Virgil, ned, vi. and viii.—Juvenal, Sazzres, 
Vill., X., ΧΙ.» Xil., ΧΙ], xiv.—Cicero, Philippics, ii.—Tacitus, Histories, i. 
Translation from an Author or Authors not prescribed. Latin prose 
composition. 

Roman History.—A general knowledge of Roman History to the 
death of Augustus, and a special knowledge of the period from 60 B.c. 
to the death of Augustus. 

Roman Literature.--A general knowledge of Roman Literature to 
the end of the Augustan Age, and a more special knowledge of the 
Lives and Works of Horace, Virgil, Juvenal, Cicero, and Tacitus. 

Every Candidate is required to satisfy the Examiners in translating 
English into Latin prose. 


1 See footnote, p. 138. 


COMMEMORATION SERVICE at 12 noon, 


140 ΟἸγασιαΐζογι, tn Arts—Pass Examinations, 1896-97. 


2. Greek. 

Odyssey, xi.—Aeschylus, Prometh. Vinct.—Aristotle, Ethics, iv.— 
Acts of the Apostles. Translation from an Author or Authors not pre- 
scribed. Greek prose composition. 

Greck History.—A general knowledge of Greek History to the 
death of Alexander, and a more special knowledge of the age of 
Demosthenes. 

Greek Literature.—A general knowledge of the course of Greek 
Literature, and a special knowledge of the Heroic Age in Greece, as 
described in the Homeric Poems. 

Laws of Hexameter and Iambic verse. 


3. English. 


The Principles of English Composition and Style: Class Lectures. 
History of the English Language: The First Five Chapters of 
Morris’s ‘‘ Historical Outlines of English Accidence.” History of 
English Literature, more particularly from 1580 to 1798: Lectures, 
with Morley’s Text Book, and the portions of Hallam’s ‘‘ Literature of 
Europe” that relate to English writers of the time mentioned. 

Special Books for 1896-7—Shakespeare, Twelfth Night and King 
Lear—Chaucer, Zhe Knight's Tale—Spenser, 716 Faerie Queene, 
Book ii.—Milton, Comus—Bacon, Essays—Dryden, Essay of Dramatic 
Poesy—Thomson, Seasons—Burke, Thoughts on the Present Discon- 
tents—Shelley, Adonats—Matthew Arnold, Selected Poems. 


4 French. 

Lamartine, Déscours politigues—V. Hugo, Les Chatiments, Napoléon 
le Petit, William Shakespeare, Actes et Paroles, Avant Pexil—Faguet, 
Politiques et Moralistes, Chanson de Roland (ed. Clédat)—Taine, 
Extratts—Clédat, Morceaux choists du Moyen-Age. 

Passages from French Authors not prescribed. French prose com- 
position. A general knowledge of the development of the French 
language. A general knowledge of French history, and of the history 
of French Literature, with a more minute knowledge of the period 
1680-1780. 

Every Candidate ts reyuired to satisfy the Examiners in translating 
English into French prose. 

5. German. 

Althochdeutsche Litteratur, ed. Schauffller—Der Nibelunge Nét, ed. 
Golther—Brant, Luther, Sachs, Fischart, ed. Pariser—Schiller, Maria 
Stuart, ed. Breul—Goethe, Aus meinem Leben, Buch vii.-x. (Werke, 
Cotta, vol. xx.) — Heine, Die Nordsee (Buch der Lieder; Werke, 
Cotta, vol. i.)—Immermann, Der Oderhof, ed. Wagner—Gutzkow, 
Zopf und Schwert, ed. Wolstenholme. 

Passages from German Authors not prescribed. German prose com- 
position. A general knowledge of the development of the language. 
A general knowledge of German History, and of the History of 


Graduation tn Arts—FPass Examinations, 1896-97. 141 


German Literature, with a more minute knowledge of the period 
1740-1820. 

Every Candidate ts required to satisfy the Examiners in translating 
English into German prose. 


6. Sanskrit and Comparative Philology. 
Hitopadesa, introduction and book ii.—Nala, cantos I-11 
Grammar—Sanskrit prose composition. 
A general knowledge of the course of Sanskrit Literature. 


Sanskrit 


7. Hebrew and Oriental Languages. 

Hebrew.—1. Questions in Grammar.—2. Translation into Hebrew 
Prose.—3. Deuteronomy i.-xviili. Kings, books 1 and 2. Micah. 
Psalms i.-xx.— 4. Jewish History from B.C. 1010-598. 

Syriac.—1. Questions in Grammar—2. Translation into Syriac Prose 
—3. Sections 1., ili., ix., xii., xiv. of Reediger’s Chrestomathia 
Syriaca (Ed. 1892); Book of Acts in the Peshitta Version.—4. History 
of the Syriac Versions of the Scriptures in detail; Wright’s Short 
History of Syriac Literature, pp. 1-107. 

Arabic.—1. Questions in Grammar. 2. Translation into Arabic 
Prose. 3. Bruennow’s Chrestomathy of Arabic Prose Pieces, pp. 1-22, 
44-55; Zhe Koran, Sira iii. 4. Arabian History.—Sir W. Muir’s 
The Caliphate: its Rise, Decline, and Fall.—Chapters 1-45 and 64-67. 


8. Celtic. 

Modern Gaelic (Scottish and Irish)—Ossian, Fingal, Books iv. to 
vi. inclusive, and Alexander Macdonald’s Poems, or Keating’s Three 
Shafts of Death. 

Old Gaelic.—Fled Bricrend (Windisch’s Irische Texte). 

Passages in Old and Modern Gaelic (both Scottish and Irish) from 
Authors not prescribed. 

Translation from English into Gaelic Prose (Scottish ov Irish). 

Gaelic Literature.—From the commencement till 1000 A.D. 


II.—DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 
1. Logic and Psychology. 

The elementary doctrines of Logic and Psychology ; and the History 
of Philosophy so far as treated in the Class Lectures.—Locke’s Essay, 
Book ii., Chapters 1-12, and Chapter 23, along with ‘‘Zocke,” in 
“* Philosophical Classics ” (Blackwood), Professor Fraser’s ‘‘ Selections 
from Berkeley” —-‘‘Editor’s Introduction”; ‘‘ Principles of Human 
Knowledge” (sect. 1-84, and 135-156); ‘‘ Divine Visual Language : 
A Dialogue.” Hume's Znguiry concerning Human Understanding. 
— Sections 1-7 inclusive. 


2. Moral Philosophy. 
Professor’s ‘* Handbook of Moral Philosophy”; Butler ‘‘On 


Human Nature” ; Mill’s “ Utilitarianism ” ; Sidgwick’s ‘* Outlines of 
the History of Ethics,” Chapters ii. and iy. 


142 Graduation tn Arts—FPass Examinations, 1896-97. 


3. Commercial and Political Economy. 

The subjects of examination are: The Lectures of the Professor ; 
Mill’s Principles of Political Economy, Yooks i.-iii. ; Marshall's 
Economics of Industry (new edition); Adam Smith’s Wealth of 
Nations, Book iv.; Professor Nicholson’s Aloney and Monetary 
Problems (3rd edition), Zhe Treatise on Money. 


4. Theory, Art, and History of Education. 

Theory and Art.—Subjects of examination: Lectures of the Pro- 
fessor; Locke's Thoughts (parts which deal with moral training) ; 
Locke on the Conduct of the Understanding ; Language and Linguistic 
Method in the School, by Professor Laurie (2nd edition) ; Comenius’ 
Great Didactic. 

The Theory or Science of Education comprises the Psychology and 
Ethics in Laurie’s ‘‘ Znstztates of Education.” 

History.—A general knowledge of Bacon, Ratke, Rousseau, and 
Pestalozzi, as in Compayre’s Manual, or Quick’s Educational Bio- 
graphies. 

5. Philosophy of Law. 
(See under ““ Public Law.’’) 


III.—DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE. 
1. Mathematics. 

Arithmetic. —Euclid, Books i., ii., iii., iv., vi., and xi., or their 
equivalent, with their application to Mensuration.—Algebra, Trigono- 
metry, Conic Sections, Geometrical and Analytical. 

Candidates must show sufficient knowledge in each of these subjects. 


2. Natural Philosophy. 
Elementary Dynamics, Astronomy and Experimental Physics. 


Candidates must show sufficient knowledge both of Dynamics and of 
Experimental Physics. ; 


3. Practical Astronomy. 


The Class Lectures.—Use of the Sextant, Transit-Circle, Wire and 
Ring Micrometers.—Young’s General Astronomy; Main’s Practical 
and Spherical Astronomy, or corresponding portions of Briinnow’s 
Astronomy. Sir John Herschel’s Outlines of Astronomy, omitting 
Part IV. 

4. Chemistry. 

Chemical changes as distinguished from physical changes. Elements; 
compounds; mixtures. Laws of chemical combination by weight and 
by volume. The atomic theory. Atoms; molecules. Avogadro’s 
Hypothesis. Molecular weights of gaseous and volatile substances. 
Atomic weights. Law of Dulong and Petit. Chemical Notation— 
Symbols ; formulz ; equations. Simple chemical calculations. 

The non-metallic elements and their chief compounds ; especially 
the compounds of oxygen, of hydrogen, and of chlorine, with the other 


Graduation in Arts—Pass Examinations, 1896-97. 143 


non-metals. The more important inorganic acids. The atmosphere. 
Combustion, Oxidation and reduction. 

The following metallic elements and their chief compounds ; especi- 
ally those with oxygen, with chlorine, and with sulphur: Gold, pla- 
tinum, silver, mercury, lead, antimony, tin, copper, bismuth, zinc, 
iron, aluminium, chromium, manganese, barium, strontium, calcium, 
magnesium, potassium, sodium. 

The following salts: the ammonium salts; the more important 
sulphates, sulphites, thiosulphates, nitrates, nitrites, carbonates, bro- 
mides, iodides, iodates, phosphates, borates, silicates. 

The relations of bases, acids, and salts. Electrolysis. Quantivalence. 
The periodic law. 

The metallurgy of silver, mercury, copper, lead, tin, zinc, iron. 
Alloys, such as brass, bronze, solder, type-metal. Amalgams. 

The manufacture of aluminium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, 
glass, porcelain, mortar, gunpowder, sulphuric acid, sodium carbonate 
and bicarbonate, caustic soda, bleaching powder and chlorates, wrought- 
iron, steel, white lead. 

Classification of Carbon Compounds. Marsh Gas and its Homo- 
logues. Chloroform. Methyl and Ethyl Alcohols and Ethers. Sub- 
stituted ammonias and ammonium salts. Formic and Acetic Acids, 
Aldehyde, Acetone, Chloral, Olefiant Gas, Oxalic Acid, Lactic Acid. 
Tartaric Acid, Citric Acid. Fats and Oils, Saponification, Glycerine. 
Cellulose, Sugars, Starch. Distillation of Wood and of Coal. Benzene, 
Benzoic Acid, Phenol, Salicylic Acid, Oil of Bitter Almonds. Hydro- 
cyanic Acid, Cyanides, Cyanates, Thiocyanates, Urea, Uric Acid. 

Simple Qualitative Analysis. The examination in this is con- 
ducted practically. Candidates are required to examine unknown 
single salts for both metallic and salt radicals, as contained in the 
following lists :— 

Silver, Mercurous, Mercuric, Cupric, Lead, Stannous, Stannic, Bis- 
muth, Antimony (Zartar metic may be given), Arsenious, Zinc, 
Manganous, Ferrous, Ferric, Chromic, Aluminium, Calcium, Barium, 
Strontium, Magnesium, Ammonium, Sodium, Potassium. 

Carbonate, Sulphite, Thiosulphate, Sulphide, Hypochlorite (Bleach- 
ing solution), Nitrite, Chloride, Bromide, Iodide, Cyanide, Sulphate, 
Chromate, Orthophosphate, Arseniate, Arsenite, Borate, Oxalate, 
Nitrate, Chlorate, Acetate. 

At the examination, Candidates are supplied with the following 
reagents, &c. :—Acetic Acid, dilute Hydrochloric Acid, dilute Nitric 
Acid, Sulphuric Acid, dilute Sulphuric Acid, Alcohol, Iodine, 
Ammonia, Ammonium Carbonate, Ammonium Chloride, Ammonium 
Oxalate, Ammonium Sulphide, Barium Nitrate, Bleaching Powder, 
Calcium Chloride, Calcium Hydrate, Calcium Sulphate, Cobaltous 
Nitrate, Cupric Sulphate, Ferric Chloride, Ferrous Sulphate, Lead 
Acetate, Magnesium Sulphate, Mercuric Chloride, Potassium Car- 
bonate, Potassium Chromate, Potassium Ferricyanide, Potassium 


144. Graduation tn Arts—FPass Examinations, 1896-97. 


Ferrocyanide, Potassium Hydrate, Potassium Iodide, Silver Nitrate, 
Sodium Bitartrate, Sodium Phosphate, Sodium Sulphite, Stannous 
Chloride, Sulphuretted Hydrogen. So/zds — Manganese Dioxide, 
Sodium Carbonate, Borax, Sulphur, Zinc, Copper. 
Test-papers :—Blue Litmus, Red Litmus, Plain, Starch, Turmeric. 
Bunsen Burner, Test Tubes. 


5. Zoology. 

(a) The General Principles of Biology. 

(4) The distinctive characters of the Invertebrate groups and the 
structure, habits, &c., of Amoeba, Paramoecium, Hydra, Arenicola, 
Hirudo, Anodon, Helix, Nephrops, and Periplaneta. 

(c) The distinctive characters of the Chordata groups and the 
structure, habits, &c., of Myxine, Raia, Clupea, Rana, Columba, Orni- 
thorhynchus, Macropus, Lepus, Ovis, and Canis. 

(4) The skeletons of Crocodilus, Equus, Felis catus, Balzena, 
Vespertilio, and Simia (Orang). 

(e) A general knowledge of the orders of Sauropsida and Mammalia. 

(7) The structure and life-history of Gregarina, Distoma, Tenia, 
Ascaris, Trichina, and Filaria. 

(g) The more important facts of the development of Scyllium, 
Rana, Gallus, and Lepus. 

(4) The principles of the Geographical Distribution of Animals, and 
the Distribution of the Mammalia. 

In addition to the above subjects, Candidates will require to possess a 
general knowledge of Wallace's ““ Darwinism.” 


6. Botany. 

The characteristic features of the following groups and classes of the 
vegetable kingdom :— 

Thallophyta [Schizophyta, Algz, Fungi]; Muscineze [Hepatice, 
Musci]; Pteridophyta [Filicinee, Equisetineze, Lycopodinez|; Phanero- 
gamz [Gymnosperme, Angiospermze (Monocotyledones, Dicoty- 
ledones)]. 

The fundamental facts and principles of Morphology (including Ana- 
tomy, Histology, and Development) and Physiology. 

The life-history of the following plants: — Bacterium, Nostoc, 
Spirogyra, Saccharomyces, Mucor, Vaucheria, Agaricus, Collema, 
Puccinia, Claviceps, Eurotium, Marchantia, Fucus, Polysiphonia, 
Funaria, Aspidium, Equisetum, Selaginella, Pinus, Cycas, Scilla, 
Capsella, Helianthus, Ulmus, Quercus. 

The characters of plants belonging to the chief British natural 
orders of Phanerogamz. 


7. Geology including Mineralogy. 

1. Dynamical Geology.—The nature and operation of geological 
agents :—The Atmosphere, Rain, Terrestrial Waters, Ice, the Sea, 
Plants and Animals, Volcanoes, Movements of the Earth’s Crust. 

2. Mineralogy.—Characters of the chief rock-forming minerals. 


Graduation in Arts—Pass Examinations, 1896-97. 145 


3. Letrology.—Megascopic and Microscopic Characters, Composi- 
tion, Origin and Distribution of the more important Rocks. 

4. Structural Geology.—Structure of Rock-masses, Bedding, Joints, 
Cleavage, Foliation, Metamorphism, Faults, Unconformity. 

5. Stratigraphical Geology.—History of the Geological Systems of 
the British Islands. 

6. Paleontological Geology.—Characters, and distribution in time, of 
the more important Genera and Orders found fossil in Britain. 

7. Physiographical Geology.—Origin of the present outlines of the 
Earth’s surface. 


IV.—DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND Law. 
1. History. 

Subject of Examination: General British History, viz. :—(1) History 
of the British Isles from B.C. 55 to A.D. 1885, in outline ; (2) History 
of the British Isles from 1603 to 1689, in fuller detail. 

The Examiners will attach greater importance to a grasp of principles 
than to mere knowledge of details. 

Books recommended :—(a) For the Gevzeral History, Gardiner’s 
‘*Student’s History of England,” Green’s ‘‘ Short History of the Eng- 
lish People,” Bright’s ‘‘ History of England,” or Ransome’s ‘‘ Advanced 
History of England ;” Macarthur’s ‘‘ History of Scotland.” (6) For 
the Special Period, Gardiner’s ‘‘ Puritan Revolution” and Hale’s 
“Fall of the Stuarts”? (Epochs of English History), Harrison’s ‘‘ Life 
of Oliver Cromwell” (twelve English Statesmen), Burton’s ‘‘ History 
of Scotland,” vols. 6 and 7, Macaulay’s History of England, caps. 1-15. 


2. Archeology and Art (History of ). 

The subjects for examination will be the Class lectures, the Professor’s 
Manual ‘‘ The Fine Arts,” Conway’s ‘‘ Dawn of Art in the Ancient 
World,” Paris’s ‘‘ Manual of Ancient Sculpture,” Parker’s ‘* Introduc- 
uon to Gothic Architecture,”’ Poynter’s ‘‘ Classic and Italian Painting.” 
Candidates will be expected to show some knowledge of the original 
authorities for the different periods of Art History. 


3. Constitutional Law and History. 

Subjects of examination: Constitutional Law and History of Eng- 
land, as treated of in the Lectures and in the works of Stubbs, Hallam, 
and May ; and that of the U.S. of America, of France, of Germany, 
and of Switzerland, as treated of in the Lectures and in the works of 
Bancroft, Bryce, Adams and Cunningham, Dareste, Demombynes, &c. 


4. Roman Law. 

Subjects of examination: (1) The history of the law from the 
foundation of Rome to Justinian, and (2) a general knowledge of the 
principles and doctrines of the Law. Maine’s ‘‘ Ancient Law,” and 
Muirhead’s ‘‘ Historical Introduction,” are recommended for the his- 
torical part, and Justinian’s Institutes, Bk. i. to Bk. iv., Tit. vi., must 
be professed for the doctrinal part. 

K 


146 Graduation in Arts—Honours Subjects for 1897-98. 


5. Public Law. 
I. The Philosophy of Law. 

Green, Principles of Political Obligation; Ritchie, Natural Rights ; 
Lorimer, Institutes of Law; Ahrens, Cour de Droit Naturel ; Bluntschli, 
The Theory of the State. The Student’s Austin; Holland, Juris- 
prudence; Sir H. Maine’s Works. 

Ll, Public International Law. 

Wheaton’s ‘‘ History of the Law of Nations,” Nys’s ‘* Les Origines 

du Droit International,” Hall’s ‘‘ International Law.” 


EXAMINATIONS FOR GRADUATION IN ARTS 
WITH HONOURS. 
(Zxaminations for Honours are held in April only.) 
(See Time-Table of Examinations, pp. 138 and 139.) 
A.—CLASSICS. 

N,4.—It should be understood that a general acquaintance with the 
Greek and Latin writers of the classical age will be expected 
from all candidates; and unseen passages from other than the 
prescribed authors will form an important part of the examination. 


The subjects of Examination for the Degree of Master of Arts 

with Honours in April 1897 and 1898 are as follows :— 
1. Latin for April 1897. 

Plautus, Stzchas—Horace—Lucretius, i., iii—Juvenal, with omission 
of ii., vi., ix.—Tacitus, Wzstorzes, i., 11.-——Pliny, Letters, ii., iii. 

Roman History. —A general knowledge of Roman History to the end 
of the first century A.D., and a more special knowledge of the period 
from 146 B.C. to the death of Augustus. 

Roman Literature.—A general knowledge of the course of Roman 
Literature, and a more minute knowledge of the Lives and Writings 
of the Authors prescribed. 

Latin for April 1898. 

Plautus, 77inummus Rudens—Virgil— Horace, Efzstles, bk. ii. and 
Arts Poetica—Lucretius, v.—Lucan, Pharsalia, vii.—Cicero, Letters 
(Watson’s Selection, parts i., 11.)—Tacitus, Amzza/s, ili.-vi., with the 
Dialogue De Oratoribus. 

Latin prose composition and translation from Authors not prescribed, 

Roman History.—A general knowledge of Roman History to the 
end of the first century A.D., and a more special knowledge of the 
period from 100 B.C. to the death of Tiberius. 

Roman Literaturve.—A general knowledge of the course of Roman 
Literature, and a more minute knowledge of the Lives and Writings 
of the Authors prescribed. 

2. Greek for April 1897. 

Homer, Odyssey, i.-xii.—Pindar, Olympian and Pythian Odes 
(Gildersleeve)—Aristotle, Mc. Ethics, i.-iv. (inclusive) and x,— 
Plutarch’s Lives of Pericles, Timoleon, Nictas (Holden). 


Graduation in Arts—Hlonours Subjects for 1897-98. 147 


Greek Prose Composition—Translation from Authors not prescribed. 

Greek History.—A general knowledge of Greek History to the 
death of Alexander, and a more minute knowledge of the period em- 
braced by the Athenian supremacy. 

Greek Literature.—A general knowledge of Greek Literature, and a 
more minute knowledge of the Authors prescribed. 

Greek Grammar.—As a special subject, Monro’s Homeric Grammar. 

Greek for April 1898. 

Homer, Odyssey, xili.-xxiv.—Euripides, Bacchae, Hippolytus, Alcestis, 
Orestes—Demosthenes, Leptines, Aristocrates, Timocrates—Aristotle, 
Nic. Ethics, i.-iv. (inclusive) and x. 

Greek prose composition—Translation from Authors not prescribed. 

Greek History.—A general knowledge of Greek History to the death 
of Alexander, and a more minute knowledge of the development of the 
Athenian constitution. 

Greek Literature.—A general knowledge of Greek Literature, and 
a more minute knowledge of the Authors prescribed. 

Greek Grammar.—As a special subject, Monro’s Homeric Grammar. 


OPTIONAL SUBJECTS. 
1. Comparative Philology for April 1897 and April 1898. 


Candidates who take Comparative Philology as their optional subject 
for Graduation with Honours in Classics, will be examined in the follow- 
ing branches of Linguistic Science :—(a) Science of Language, including 
the history and general results of Linguistic research. (6) Principles 
of Indo-European Comparative Philology, with special reference to the 
Greek and Latin Languages. (c) Etymology of Greek and Latin. 

Books recommended for private study :—(a) M. Miiller, Lectures on 
the Science of Language. W. D. Whitney, Language and the Study 
of Language. Β. Delbriick, Introduction to the Study of Language. 
(6) V. Henry, Short Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin (transl. 
by R. T. Elliott). 

Also recommended for reference :—King ἃ Cookson, Principles of 
Sound and Inflexion. Brugmann & Stolz, Greek and Latin Grammar 
(Iwan Miiller’s Handbuch der Klassischen Alterthumswissenschaft, vol. 
ii.). Blass, Pronunciation of Ancient Greek (Cambridge University 
Press). (c) Curtius, Principles of Greek Etymology, Book ii. 


Classical Archeology for April 1897 and April 1898. 

I. The general history of the Arts of Form in Greece. To be 
studied in Overbeck’s ‘‘ Schriftquellen,” and Murray’s ‘‘ Handbook of 
Greek Archeology.” 

2. The history of Greek Sculpture. To be studied in Murray’s 
“* History of Greek Sculpture,” 2nd Ed., or E. Gardner’s ‘* Handbook 
of Greek Sculpture.” 

3. The types of Greek Coins. To be studied in P. Gardner’s ‘‘ The 
Types of Greek Coins,” 


148 Graduation in Aris—Honours Subjects for 1897-98. 


Ancient Philosophy for April 1897. 

The Pre-Socratic Philosophy, with original authorities as quoted in 
Ritter and Preller, H¢storia Philosophiae Graecae ; The Sophists and 
Socrates ; Plato, Zheete/us, together with the outlines of the Platonic 
Philosophy. 

Books recommended :—Zeller, Pre-Socratic Philosophy, vol. i. and ii. 
(Translation by Alleyne). Burnet, Zarly Greek Philosophy. 


Or, as an alternative : 

Plato, Philebus, together with the outlines of the Platonic Philosophy ; 
the Philosophy of Aristotle in its psychological and ethical aspects, 
with special reference to Aristotle, De Anima, and Nicom. Ethics, bks. 
i.-iv. and x. 

Ancient Philosophy for April 1898. 

The Pre-Socratic Philosophy, with original authorities as quoted in 
Ritter and Preller, Wistoria Philosophiae Graecae ; The Sophists and 
Socrates ; Plato, 7hectetus, together with the outlines of the Platonic 
Philosophy. 

Books recommended :—Zeller, Pre-Socratic Philosophy, vol. i. and ii. 
(Translation by Alleyne). Burnet, Zar/y Greek Philosophy. 


Or, as an alternative : 

Plato, Phzlebus, together with the outlines of the Platonic Philosophy ; 
the Psychology and Logic of Aristotle, with special reference to Aris- 
totle, De Anima, and Trendelenburg’s Llementa Logices Aristoteleae. 

B.—MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 
1. Logic and Metaphysics for April 1897 and April 1898. 

The more advanced doctrines of Logic and Psychology. 

A competent knowledge of the History of Philosophy. 

Plato, Theetefus—Aristotle, De Anima—Spinoza, Lthics, Parts i., 11. 
—Locke, Zssay concerning Human Understanding—Berkeley, in Pro- 
fessor Fraser’s ‘‘ Selections.”—Hume, Treatise on Human Nature, 
Book i. (Of the Understanding)—Kant, Critique of Pure Reason— 
Hegel’s Zogic in Professor Wallace’s translation, chapters 1.-vi.— 
Lotze’s Metaphysics, Book i. (Clarendon Press). 

2. Moral Philosophy. 

The Class Lectures for Advanced Students. 

Plato’s Protagoras—Plato’s Republic—Aristotle, Ethics (omitting v., 
vi, vii.)—Spinoza, Z¢hics, Parts iii., ἵν.» v.—Kant, Groundwork of 
the Metaphysic of Ethics—Uegel’s Philosophy of the State (Grigg’s 
German Philosophical Classics)—Sidgwick’s Methods of Ethics, Books 
iii. and iv.—Green’s Prolegomena of Ethics, Books ii. and iii—Herbert 
Spencer’s Data of Ethics. 


C.—MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 


Pure Geometry, Algebra, Theory of Equations, including Deter- 
minants, Trigonometry (Plane and Spherical), Analytical Geometry, 


Graduation in Arts—Honours Subjects for 1897-98. 149 


Differential and Integral Calculus, Calculus of Finite Differences. (The 
Candidate may, if he please, profess the Elements of Quaternion 
Analysis. ) 

Experimental Physics ; Analytical Dynamics and Thermodynamics ; 
imperative. 

In addition, two or more branches of Elementary Mathematical 
Physics (such as Geometrical or Physical Optics, Statical or Voltaic 
Electricity, Capillarity, &c.). These may be selected by the Candidate. 


D.—ENGLIsH (LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND BRITISH HISTORY). 


1. Candidates for Honours in English must attend at least four com- 
plete courses of Lectures within their Honours group, viz.: (a) Not 
less than two Courses in English Literature, of which one at least must 
be an Honours Course; and—(d) not less than two Courses—one of 
which at least must be an Honours Course—in the Subsidiary subjects, 
English Language and British History ; or in either of them. 

2. Every such candidate must be examined in all the three subjects 
mentioned in the Regulations, Section XI. (1) Καὶ 


Subjects for April 1897. 
I. Literature. 

1. Rhetoric and the Principles of Literature. Knowledge of the 
following required :—Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Poetics; Quintilian’s 
Institutes, especially Books ix. and x.; Longinus Ox the Sublime ; 
Bacon’s Advancement of Learning, Book II. ; Bain’s Composition and 
Rhetoric ; De Quincey’s Essay on Rhetoric; Masson’s Essay on Milton’s 
English and Versification (in Edition of Milton); Guest’s Eyglish 
Rhythms ; Wordsworth’s Prose Prefaces. 

2. History of English Literature. (1.) General.—Books recom- 
mended :—Ten Brink’s Zarly English Literature (transl. by Kennedy); 
Stopford Brooke’s Early English Literature ; Ward’s English Dramatic 
Literature ; Saintsbury’s Elizabethan Literature and Nineteenth Ceit- 
tury Literature ; Gosse’s Eighteenth Century Literature; Ward’s English 
Poets ; Craik’s English Prose ; Urving’s History of Scottish Poetry. (2.) 
Special.—The Literature of the Seventeenth Century. Candidates are 
required to show thorough knowledge of the following :—Milton’s 
Poems, Areopagitica, Of Reformation, and Of Education ; George 
Herbert’s Poems ; Herrick’s Hesperides ; Waller’s Poems ; Denham’s 
Cooper's Hill ; Cowley’s Pindarigue Odes and Essays ; Browne’s Urn- 
Burial; Butler’s Hudibras ; Marvell’s Satires ; The Rehearsal; Dryden’s 
Indian Emperor, Essay of Dramatic Poesy and the Defence of the Essay, 
MacFlecknoe, Dedication of the AEneis. 

3. The subjects of any other Honours Course in English Literature 
the Candidate may have attended. 

Candidates will be required to write a Critical Essay on some subject 
arising out of Nos. I, 2, or 3. 


159 Graduation in Arts—Honours Subjects for 1894-98. 


2. Language. 

1. The History of Old and Middle English. 

Text-books for reference.—Sievers’s Old English Grammar (ed. 
Cook) or Sweet’s Introduction to the Old English Reader ; 
Skeat’s Principles of English Etymology ; Kellner’s Historical 
Outlines of English Syntax. 

. Special Readings.—Beowulf (\l. 1-1250) ; Selections in Sweet's 
Anglo-Saxon Reader and Morris’s Specimens of Early English, 
Part I. ; Chaucer’s House of Fame, Prologue, and Monk's, Clerk's, 
and Squire's Tales (Canterbury Tales); Piers Plowman (Pro/ogue 
and first three Passus) ; Dunbar’s Poems. 

3. Unseen passages for translation into Modern English. 

3. British History. 

Those branches of British History which form the subjects of the 
Courses given by the Professor of History. Candidates to intimate the 
subjects they select at the time of entering their names for Examination. 

Subjects for April 1898. 
1. Leterature. 

I. Rhetoric and the Principles of Literature. Books as for 1897. 

2. History of English Literature. (1.) Geseral.—Books recommended 
—as for 1897. (2.) Sfectal.—The Literature of the Eighteenth Cen- 
tury. Candidates are required to show thorough knowledge of the fol- 
lowing :—Pope, Essay on Criticism, Essay on Man, Satires, and 
Epistles; Swift, Zale of a Tub, and Gulliver's Travels ; Thomson, 
The Seasons, and Castle of [ndolence ; Johnson, Lives of Milton, Cowley, 
Dryden, and Pope ; Gray’s Poems ; the poems of Allan Ramsay, Fer- 
gusson, and Burns ; Cowper, Zhe Task ; Crabbe, Zhe Village ; Burke, 
Thoughts on the Present Discontents. 

3. The subjects of any other Honours Course in English Literature 
the Candidate may have attended. 

Candidates will be required to write a Critical Essay on some subject 
arising out of Nos. 1, 2, or 3. 

2. Language. 

1. The History of Old and Middle English.—For Books recom- 
mended for reference see under Course on the History of Old and 
Middle English (p. 69). 

2. Special Readings—Beowzlf (1). 1251-1887); The Verse Passages in 
the Saxon Chronicle ; Prose selections in Sweet’s Anglo-Saxon Reader ; 
Morris’s Specimens of Early English, Part I.; Chaucer’s House of Fame ; 
Piers Plowman (Passus, iv. v. vi.) ; Zhe Kéngis Quatr ; Gavin Douglas’s 
Prologues to the A-netd. 

3. Unseen passages for translation into Modern English. 

3. British History. 

Those branches of British History which form the subjects of the 
Courses given by the Professors of History. Candidates to intimate the 
subjects they select at the time of entering their names for Examination. 


te 


Graduation tn Arts—Honours Subjects for 1897-98. 151 


E.—MOoDERN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE, 
1. French for April 1897. 

Clédat, MWorceaux chotsis du Moyen-Age; Faguet, Etudes sur le 
19” szécle—Faguet, Politique et Moralistes au 19” stécle—Lanson, 
Histoire de la Littérature francaise—Taine, L£xtratts.—Michelet, 
Précts dela Révolution francaise—V. Hugo, Les Contemplations. 

French History—A general knowledge of French History, and a 
more minute knowledge of the period from 1789 to 1870. 

French Literature—A general knowledge of the history of French 
Literature, and a special knowledge of the period from 1802 to 1889. 

Romance Philology—The general principles of Romance Philology 
(Brachet, Grammatre historique; Bartsch, La Littérature francazse 
jJusqwau 14” siecle ; Brunot, Grammazre historique, 3rd ed.). 

French for April 1808. 

Darmesteter, M/orceaux chotsts du 1616 stécle—Vie de Saint-Alexis 
(ed. Gaston, Paris)—V. Hugo, Légende des Siécles, Contemplations, and 
Torquemada—Extratts de Rousseau—Lamartine, Descours politiques. 

French History—A general knowledge of French History, and a 
more minute knowledge of the period from 1789 to 1870, 

French Literature.—A general knowledge of the history of French 
Literature, and a special knowledge of the period from 1802 to 1889, 

Romance Philology.—The general principles of Romance Philology 
(Brachet, Grammaire historique; Bartsch, La Littérature francatse 
Jusqwau 146 stecle; Brunot, Grammaire historique, 3rd ed.). 

German for April 1897. 

Althochdeutsche Litteratur (ed. Schauffler ; Goschen)—Liederdichter 
(ed. Bartsch)—Hans Sachs (ed. Kinzel)—Klopstock, Ode ; Lessing, 
Nathan der Weise (Clar. Press) —Lessing, Hamburgische Dramaturgie— 
Goethe, Zasso ; Schiller, Philosophische Gedichte—Storm, Der Schim- 
melretter—Stifter, Der Hochwald. 

German History.—A general knowledge of German History, and a 
more minute knowledge of the period from 1700 to 1820, 

German Literature.—A general knowledge of German Literature, 
and a special knowledge of the period from 1740 to 1832 (Scherer, 
flistory of German Literature; Kluge, National Litteratur). 

Teutonic Philology.—The general principles of Teutonic Philology, 
and a more intimate knowledge of Modern German Etymology 
(Duden, Etymologie der Neuhochdeutschen Sprache). 


German for April 1898. 

Althochdeutsche Litteratur (ed. Schauffler)—Walther von der Vogel- 
weide (ed. Bartsch); Das deutsche Kirchenlied des τό. und 17. Jahre 
hunderts (ed. E. Wolff, Kiirschner); AZusterstiicke, aus Werken, 
Winckelmann’s (ed. Kiihne, Weidmann); Schiller, Uber nave und 
sentimentalische Dichtung (ed. J. Egger und K. Rieger, Grdaser) ; 
Goethe, Faust, 7. Teil (ed. J. Lee); Storm, Aguis submersus; G. 


152 Graduation in Arts—Honours Subjects for 1897-98. 


Freytag, Bilder aus der deutschen Vergangenheit (Werke, vol. xix., 
Hirzel). 

German History.—A general knowledge of German History, and a 
more minute knowledge of the period from 1700 to 1820. 

German Literature.—A general knowledge of German Literature, 
and a special knowledge of the period from 1740 to 1832 (Scherer, 
History of German Literature ; Kluge, National Litteratur). 

Teutonic Philology.—The general principles of Teutonic Philology, 
and a more intimate knowledge of Modern German Etymology 
(Duden, Z%ymologie der Neuhochdeutschen Sprache). 

F.—HIsrory. 

Candidates for Honours in History must attend two Classes (one, at 
least, of which must be an Honours Class) in each of their Honours 
Subject» 8566 Synopses of Courses. ) 

The Honours subjects at present recognised are (1) Modern History, 
(2) Constitutional History, and (3) History of Art. 


I. Under the head of Modern History four papers will be set. 
Subjects for 1897. 

(1) General survey of British History, from B.c. 55 to A.D. 1885, 
with special attention to the period 1603-1689. Some knowledge of 
Gardiner’s ‘Documents of the Puritan Revolution,” and Carlyle’s 
“Letters and Speeches of Cromwell” will be required. 

(2) The Origin and Development of the British Empire 1558-1858, 
with special attention to the Eighteenth Century. For Authorities, see 
p- 9I. 

Subjects for 1898. 

(1) General survey of British History from B.c. 55 to A.b. 1885, with 
special attention to the period 1328-1485. Special books—‘‘ Piers 
Plowman,” ‘‘ The Paston Letters.” 

(2) Nationality and Reform in Great Britain and Europe of 1815- 
1878, with special attention to the Revolution of 1848. For Authorities, 
see p. ΟΣ. 


II. In Constetutional History four papers :— 
Subjects for 1897. 

(1) and (2) Constitutional History of England from 1688 to 1832, 
with special reference to the new Kingship and the Cabinet System. 

(2) Constitutional History of America, France, Switzerland, and 
Prussia in outline, from 1753 to 1875. 

(3) and (4) Wycliffe and his Influence on Church and State. 

The Candidate must show some familiarity with the original sources 
(in Latin, French, Old English, &c.). 


Subjects for 1898. 
(1) and (2) Constitutional History of England and Scotland (a) dur- 
ing the Stuart Period ; (4) from 1688 to 1707. 


Regulations for Schoolmaster’s Diploma. 153 


(3) Historical Origins of the chief European Constitutions. 

(4) History of Civil and Religious Liberty, from 1384 to 1563. 

The Candidate must show some familiarity with, the original sources 
(in Latin, French, Old English, &c.). 

III. In Aestory of Art three papers :— 

(1) The Class Lectures; the Professor’s Manual ‘‘ The Fine Arts”; 
Conway’s ‘‘ Dawn of Artin the Ancient World”; Woltmann’s ‘‘ History 
of Painting,” Vols. I. and II. ; select passages bearing on Ancient Art 
from Overbeck’s ‘‘ Schriftquellen”; portions of Theophilus’ ‘‘ Schedula 
Diversarum Artium”’; selected lives from Vasari’s ‘‘ Lives of the Italian 
Artists” ; Lady Dilke’s ‘* Art in the Modern State.” 

(2) Classical Archzology, to be studied in Overbeck’s ‘‘ Schrift- 
quellen” (a collection of passages from ancient authors bearing on 
Classical Art) ; Murray’s ‘‘ Handbook of Greek Archeology” ; Murray’s 
** History of Greek Sculpture,” 2nd. ed. (London: John Murray.) 

Questions will also be set in the special subject for the examination 
in Classical Archeology in April 1897 and April 1898, being ‘‘ The 
Types of Greek Coins.” This subject may be studied in Gardner’s 
“*The Types of Greek Coins.” 

The questions in Classical Archeology will be the same as those set 
in this subject for Honours in Classics (see p. 147), and the examination 
will be at the same time. 


REGULATIONS FOR SCHOOLMASTER’S DIPLOMA. 
Flolders of the Diploma are qualified for schools as certificated teachers 
without further examination, 

I, Candidates for the Schoolmaster’s Diploma must be graduates 
in Arts of a Scottish, English, or Irish University, or of some other 
University approved of by the Senatus and the University Court. 

2. Each Candidate must have matriculated in the University for the 
year in which he presents himself for the Diploma. 

3. Each Candidate must have attended the Class of the Theory, Art, 
and History of Education in the University. 

4. Each Candidate must pass an Examination in the Theory, Art, and 
History of Education, to be conducted by the Professor of that subject, 
and an Examiner appointed by the University Court. 

5. The subjects of Examination are announced annually in the 
University Calendar. 

6. Each Candidate must give evidence either— 

(α.) That he has attended a Course of Practical Instruction as a 
Queen’s Scholar in a Training College for Teachers ; or 

(6.) That he has gone through a complete course of Practical 
training in a Training College for Teachers—the Course 
to extend over not less than five months, and to include 
Demonstration and Criticism Lessons. 

7. Each Candidate must further satisfy the University of his practical 
aptitude asa Teacher by teaching a class in some special Subject or 


154 Certificate of Literate in Arts. 


Subjects in which he has received instruction in the University, or in 
any Institution recognised by the University as qualifying for Degrees. 

8. Each successful Candidate will receive a Diploma signed by the Vice- 
Chancellor of the University, or, in his absence, by the Principal or the 
Senior Professor. This Diploma is of two grades: (4) Secondary 
School Diploma, for Masters of Arts with Honours in any Depart- 
ment, testifying to their fitness for Secondary Schoolmasterships, and 
will state the Special Subjects in which the holder of the Diploma is 
qualified ; (4) General Diploma, for those who have taken the ordinary 
Degree of M.A. When a Candidate requires special mention made of 
his competency to teach French or German, he is required to pass a 
practical examination in French or German pronunciation and con- 
versation. 

g. The Fee for the Diploma is £2, 2s. 

The next Examination will begin on Friday, 26th March 1897, 
at 9. o’clock, and Candidates are required to enter their names and 
pay the Fee at the Matriculation Office on or before 5th March. 

The subjects are the same as for Graduation (which see, page 142), 
but the Standard of Pass is much higher, w7th the addition of Milton’s 
“* Tractate”’ ; Quintilian’s ‘‘ Institutions,” Books I. and II. ; and ‘‘ The 
History of Education, Hellenic and Roman,” as in the ‘‘ Historical 
Survey of Pre-Christian Education, by the Professor ; and the General 
Outlines of History, as in Quick’s ‘‘ Biographies,” from 1750 A.D. 

A short Thesis will be prescribed to be written in the Examination 
Room on an Educational subject, 


REGULATIONS FOR CERTIFICATE OF 
“LITERATE IN ARTS? {Ὁ 


The following are the Regulations for this Certificate :— 

1. The Certificate is open to persons who have passed the 
Preliminary Examination, and who have subsequently attended 
for two Winter or one Winter and two Summer Sessions the 
usual qualifying courses of instruction in the Faculty of Arts in 
subjects in which they wish to qualify. 

2. The nuinber of subjects of examination shall be four, and 
the standard of examination shall be the Graduation standard. 

3. Of the subjects selected, two shall be from two of the 
groups mentioned in Section VII. (2) of the Arts Regulations and 
the others may be any two mentioned in the Arts Regulations, 
with the addition of Music and Agriculture (the latter including 
a practical examination). 

4. The fee for the Certificate of Literate in Arts is two 
guineas, or ten shillings and sixpence for each subject. 

5. Candidates must be matriculated Students for the year in 
which they appear for examination. 


Bursary Examinations—Honours List. 15 


The next Examination on Music will take place on 29th March 1897 
from 9 to 12 o’clock, and in Agriculture in March 1897, at the same 
time as the Examination in that subject for the Degree of B.Sc. 

Candidates who select Music as a subject will be examined on the 
Elements of Music (Notation, Measure, Scales, Modes, 7emps, Forms, 
&c.); the Class Lectures, and the Professor’s ‘* Dictionary of Musical 
Terms, to which is prefaced an Introduction to the Elements of Music.” 

Harmony, its Theory and Practice; the Class Lectures, and 
Richter’s ‘‘ Treatise on Harmony.” 

History of Music, more particularly from Handel and Bach to the 
present time; the Class Lectures, Rockstro’s ‘* A General History of 
Music,” and Riemann’s ‘‘ Catechism of Musical History” (Part II.: 
‘* History of Musical Forms ”). 

Candidates who select Agriculture and Rural Economy will be 
examined on the Lectures of the Professor and the Saturday field ex- 
cursions ; Practical Laboratory work, to the extent involved by the use 
of the Laboratory Guide, ‘‘The Food of Plants,” by A. P. Laurie, 
M.A., published by Macmillan & Co. ; Wallace’s ‘‘ Farm Live Stock 
of Great Britain,” 1893 edition—Crosby, Lockwood & Son; Fream’s 
‘*Soils and their Properties ” —Bell. 

The names of Candidates must be given in, Certificates shown, and 
Fees paid for the Examinations in Autumn 1896, not later than Ist 
October, and in Spring 1897 not later than 5th March. 


Competitive Examinations for Bursaries in Arts. 


HONOURS LIST. 
October 1895. 


I.—STUDENTS ENTERING FIRST SESSION. 
A. GENERAL BURSARY LIST. 


(Sebjects of Examination—English (full marks 100), Latin (100), 
Greek (100), Mathematics (100), French (50), German (50), 
Italian (50), and Dynamics (50), with additional papers in Eng- 
lish, Latin, Greek, and Mathematics. Candidates select not more 
than five subjects. Those who select Latin, Greek, or Mathematics 
take the papers on these subjects on the Higher Standard. ) 


( ames Crerar, George 5. Th. B. Copeland, George Watson’s 

1.1 __Watson’s College. eraual College. 

: ἘΣ C. Liddell, George [““4"3" 6. B. H. Richardson, George Watson's 
Watson's College. | College. 


2. R. H. Macnair, George Watson's 7. J. S. Ross, Royal High School. 
College. 8. C. G. Mackay, George Watson's 
3. 1. Lochhead, George Watson's College. 
College. 9. J. Y. Bell, George Watson's College. 
4 R. C. 5. Keith, Royal High | το. J. M. Darling, Royal High School. 
School. τι. J. W. Meldrum, Daniel Stewart's 


College. 


Π 


156 Bursary Examinations—Ftonours List. 


12. W. Geddie, Daniel Stewart's College. ) 19. Ὁ. Ὁ. Paton, High School, Dundee. 
Norman, George) 20. W. N. Walsh, Daniel Stewart's 
ar Watson's College. | Roo College. 
3. Alex. Waddell, George (-“2"" | 21. G. Wedderspoon, Inverness Royal 
Watson's College. J Academy. 
14. A. Cormack, Ayr Academy. 22. J. Pryde, Raval High School. 
15. A. Gordon Cairns, George Watson's | 23. A. A. Fraser, George Watson's 
College. College. 
16. R. M. Matheson, Kilblain Academy, | 24. C. F. Grant, High School, Dundee. 
Greenock. 25. PL. Cattanach, George Watson’s 
17. J. H. Imrie, George Watson's College. 
College. 26. R. J. M. Horne, Daniel Stewart’s 
18. H. F. Eggeling, George Watson's College. 
College. 


ZB. WELSH CLASSICAL BURSARIES. 
(Subjects of Examination—English, Latin, and Greek, as for General 


Bursaries. ) 


James Crerar, George Watson’s College. | J. W. Meldrum, Daniel Stewart's 

R. C.S: Keith, Royal High School. College. 

8: ΕἸ: Richardson, George Watson's | R. H. Macnair, George Watson's 
College. College. 

C. G. Mackay, George Watson's College. | H. C. Norman, George Watson’s 


J. Y. Bell, George Watson's College. 

J. S. Ross, Royal High School. 

H. C. Liddell, George Watson’s College. 
J. Lochhead, George Watson’s College. 


(Subjects of Examination—Mathematics, 
Watson's | J. M. Darling, Royal High School. 


R. H. Macnair, 
College. 
H. C. Liddell, George Watson's College. 
J. Lochhead, George Watson’s College. 
. Crerar, George Watson's College. 
Ἢ. B. Copeland, George Watson’s 
College. 


George 


College. 


Th. B. Copeland, George Watson's 


College. 


J. M. ΠΣ ΤΠ 15 Ε, Royal High School. 
C. WELSH MATHEMATICAL BURSARIES. 


especially Pure Geometry. ) 


Alexander Waddell, George Watson's 


B. 


College. 
H. Richardson, George Watson's 
College. 


W. Geddie, Daniel Stewart's College. 


PD. GEORGE HERIOT BURSARIES (WOMEN). 


(Subjects as for First Yeas Open Bursaries.) 


Agnes M. Smith. 

Janet B. Imrie. 

Christina M. Ross. 

Jessie A. Linton. 

Euphemia W. Menzies. 
Annie L. Mackay. | 


Harriet J. C. Maclaren. 
Jane D. Love. 

Mary G. Williamson. 
Rosanna Clements. 
Margaret C. Watson. 
Annie B. Duncan. 


ΕΞ. HERIOT UNIVERSITY BURSARIES FOR WOMEN (MEDICINE). 


(Subjects of Examination—The Preliminary Examination for Arts or 
Science. ) 
Harriet J. C. Maclaren. 
II.—SECOND YEAR BURSARIES. 


(Subjects of Examination—Latin, Greek, and Mathematics. ) 


A. B. Keith. S. A. K. Wilson. 
D. H. Macgregor. Victor Caldwell. 
Alexander Flint. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees tn Arts and Science, &¢. 157 


I1J].—THIRD YEAR BURSARIES. 
(Subjects of Examination—Classics, Mathematics, and Logic, with 
Psychology.) 
C. M. Campbell. W. A. Curtis. 
S. G. Campbell. J. Lornie. 
IV.—KELLAND PRIZE. 
(Subjects of Examination—Mathematics, especially Higher Geometry. ) 
Alexander Sharp. | Edward Blades. 


Preliminary Examination Papers for Degrees in 
Arts, Science, Law (B.V.), and Music, 1895-90. 


ENGLISH. 
FIRST PAPER. 


Saturday, 28th September 1895.—9 to 11 clock. 


(Wot more than FIVE questions are to be answered. (Questions 
I, 2, and 5 must be attempted by all.) 


τ. Write an essay, from two to three pages long, on one 
of the following subjects :— 
(a) Julius Czesar, as represented by Shakespeare, compared 
with the Julius Czesar of history. 
(4) The Duke of Wellington. 
(c) The respective advantages of a literary and a scientific 
education. 
2. Paraphrase :— 
“°Tis certain, greatness, once fallen out with fortune, 
Must fall out with men too: what the declin’d is, 
He shall as soon read in the eyes of others, 
As feel in his own fall: for men, like butterflies, 
Show not their mealy wings but to the summer ; 
And not a man, for being simply man, 
Hath any honour; but honour for those honours 
That are without him, as place, riches, and favour, 
Prizes of accident as oft as merit : 


158 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 


Which, when they fall, as being slippery standers, 
The love that lean’d on them as slippery too, 

Do one pluck down another, and together 

Die in the fall. But ’tis not so with me; 

Fortune and 1 are friends ; I do enjoy 

At ample point all that I did possess 

Save these men’s looks; who do, methinks, find out 
Something not worth in me such rich beholding 

As they have often given.” 

3. Give a general analysis of the following passage, indicat- 
ing clearly the connection between the clauses; and parse 
the words italicised :— 

“ For that I have not washed 
My nose ¢/at bled, or foiled some debile wretch— 
Which without note Aeve’s many else have done— 
You shout me forth 
In acclamations hyperbolical ; 
As if I loved my “ttle should be dteted 
In praises sauced with lies.” 

4. Derive eight of the following words :—-furthermost, rage, 
whisky, myself, sarcophagus, beef-eater, bridal, harbour, style, 
boycott, fortnight, yacht. 

5. Give instances of the use as different parts of speech of 
the following words :—s?ti//, but, since, even, whtch, fare. 

Distinguish in meaning between edscit and e/tminate, invent 
and discover, common and mutual. 

6. Improve, where necessary, the following sentences, and 
give reasons for the changes that you make :— 

(a) It is only after the Exile that we find angels and 
demons playing a more prominent part than before. 

(2) I conceived a great regard for him, and could not but 
mourn for his loss. 

(c) These are arguments which cannot be got over Py all 
the cavils of infidelity. 

(4) Many persons give evident proof that either they do 
not feel the power of the principles of religion, or that they 
do not believe them. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &c. 159 


SECOND PAPER (OLD MODEL). 


12 to 2 o'clock. 


(Not more than ViGHT questions to be answered, and of these 
TWO from each section. 


SECTION A. 


1. Who were the Lake Poets? Give some account of the 
life and works of ove of them. 

2. Give some account of owe of the following works :--- 716 
Canterbury Tales, Comus, Guilliver’s Travels, The Castle of 
Indolence, The Prisoner of Chitlon, The Newcomes. 

3. Give the approximate dates and principal works of 
three of the following authors, and indicate briefly their 
importance in the history of literature :—Langland, Dunbar, 
Marlowe, Donne, Dryden, Richardson, Allan Ramsay, 
Thomson, Wordsworth. 

4. Give some account of ¢hree of the following char- 
acters:—The Clerk of Oxenford, Bottom, Orlando, Imogen, 
Sir Roger de Coverley, Parson Adams, Tabitha Bramble, 
Sir Piercie Shafton, Amy Robsart, George Warrington, 
Maggie Tulliver. 


SECTION B. 


5. (a) Reproduce the substance of Mark Antony’s speech 
over the body of Czsar. Does he make any valid reply to 
the charge that Czesar was aiming at a tyranny ? 

Or, 
(6) Reproduce the substance of the dispute between Brutus 
_and Cassius in the fourth Act. What light does it throw on 
the characters of the two men? 

6. (a) Sketch the character of George Heriot, and indicate 

the part he plays in the story. 


Or, 
_ (4) Narrate the incidents of Nigel’s meeting with the King 
in the park at Greenwich. What light does the scene throw 
on the characters of James, Charles, and Buckingham ? 


160 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 


SECTION C. 

7. Give some account of the struggle for colonial supre- 
macy between Great Britain and France in the eighteenth 
century. 

8. Write notes expository of σὴν of the following :—The 
Trial of Sacheverell, the South-Sea Bubble, the Reformation 
of the Calendar, the Relations between Great Britain and 
Frederic the Great during the Seven Years’ War, the Family 
Compact, the Ministry of all the Talents, the Treaty of 
Versailles, Grattan’s Parliament, the Armed Neutrality, the 
Berlin Decree, Catholic Emancipation, the Manchester 
Massacre. 

g. Write, upon σἦν of the following, notes illustrative of 
their historical importance :—Lord Bolingbroke, General 
Wolfe, Robert Clive, Edmund Burke, Lord North, Charles 
James Fox, John Wilkes, Sir James Mackintosh, George 
Canning, William Wilberforce, Earl Grey. 

το. Sketch the history of the struggle of Great Britain 
with France from the death of Louis XVI. till 1807. 


ΘΈΟΤΙΟΝ D. 


11. Distinguish clearly the various possessions in Africa 
south of the Equator held by European powers. 

Give the chief towns and more important products of the 
various British dependencies and protectorates in South 
Africa. 

12. Describe the basin of the Ganges avd the basin of 
the St Lawrence, noting in each case the chief towns and 
products. 

13. Write explanatory notes upon fe of the following :— 
Gulf Stream, Trade Winds, North-West Passage, Eclipses of 
the Moon, Autumnal Equinox, the Midnight Sun, the Desert 
of Gobi, Rising of the Nile. 

14. Locate and write a brief note upon ¢ex of the follow- 
ing :—Uganda, Barbadoes, Bucharest, Khiva, Plateau of the 
Pamirs, Gothenburg, Cincinnati, Rio Colorado, Bangkok, 
Auckland, Kurrachee, Lima, Trinidad, Yellowstone Park, 
(Queenstown, Kiel. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 161 


SECOND PAPER (NEW MODEL). 
12 to 2 o’clock. 


(Wot more than EIGHT questions are to be attempted. Of these, 
THREE must be taken from Section A, THREE from Section 
B, and two from Section C. Of the three from Section 
A, at least ONE must be a question on JULIUS C&SAR, 
and at least ONE a question on THE FORTUNES OF NIGEL, 


SECTION A. 


1. Give some account of owe of the following works :— 
The Canterbury Tales, Comus, Gulliver’s Travels, The Task, 
The Prisoner of Chillon, Henry Esmond. 


2. Give some account of ¢#ree of the following characters :— 
Arcite, Prospero, Cordelia, Autolycus, Dr Primrose, Will 
Wimble, Dominie Sampson, Rebecca, Mrs Poyser, Mark 
Tapley. 

3. “ Brutus is an idealist.” Illustrate this from the play. 

4. Reproduce the substance of Mark Antony’s speech over 
the body of Czesar. Does he make any valid reply to the 
charge that Czesar was aiming at a tyranny ἢ 

5. Reproduce the substance of the dispute between Brutus 
and Cassius in the Fourth Act. What light does it throw 
upon the characters of the two men? 

6. Sketch the character of George Heriot, and indicate 
the part he plays in the story. 

ἡ. Narrate the incidents of Nigel’s meeting with the King 
at Greenwich Park. What light does the scene throw upon 
the characters of James, Charles, and Buckingham ? 

8. Sketch the character and fortunes of Martha Trapbois. 


SECTION B. 


9. Sketch the history of British power on the mainland of 
North America during the eighteenth century. 
to. Trace the growth of British power in India during the 
reigns of the first three Georges. 
11, Write notes expository of szv of the following :—The 
Trial of Sacheverell, the South-Sea Bubble, the Reformation 
Ι, 


162 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 


of the Calendar, the Relations between Great Britain and 
Frederick the Great during the Seven Years’ War, the 
Declaration of Independence, the Berlin Decree, the Six 
Acts, the Impeachment of Warren Hastings, the Irish 
Rebellion of 1798, the Peace of Amiens, the Manchester 
Massacre. 

12. Write, upon szxv of the following, notes illustrative of 
their historical importance :—Lord Bolingbroke, General 
Wolfe, Robert Clive, Edmund Burke, Lord North, Charles 
James Fox, John Wilkes, Sir James Mackintosh, George 
Canning, William Wilberforce, Earl Grey. 

13. Give an account in their chronological succession of 
the various continental wars in which Great Britain took 
part from the accession of George I. to the death of Pitt, 
Earl of Chatham. 

14. Give some account of the political and social condition 
of Britain from Waterloo to the passing of the Reform Bill. 
What do you know of Burdett, Brougham, Huskisson, 
O’Connell ? 


SECTION C. 


15. Distinguish clearly the various possessions, in Africa 
south of the Equator, held by European powers. Give the 
chief towns and more important products of the various 
British dependencies and protectorates in South Africa. 

16. Describe the basin of the Ganges azd the basin of 
the St Lawrence, noting in each case the chief towns and 
products. 

17. Write explanatory notes upon five of the following :— 
Gulf Stream, Trade Winds, North-West Passage, Eclipses 
of the Moon, Autumnal Equinox, the Midnight Sun, the 
Desert of Gobi, the Rising of the Nile. 

18. Locate and write a brief note upon ¢ex of the follow- 
ing :—Uganda, Barbadoes, Bucharest, Khiva, Plateau of the 
Pamirs, Gothenburg, Cincinnati, Rio Colorado, Bangkok, 
Kurrachee, Auckland, Lima, Trinidad, the Yellowstone 
Park, Queenstown, Kiel. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, ὥς. 163 


FIRST PAPER. 
SATURDAY, 28¢h March 1896.—g to 11 o'clock. 


Not more than FIVE questions to be answered. Questions 
I, 2 and 6 must be attempted by all, 


1, Write an essay, from two to three pages long, on ove of 
the following subjects :— 


(4) French and English national characteristics as repre- 
sented by Shakespeare in Henry V. 

(2) The Historical Novel with special reference to Zhe 
fair Maid of Perth. 

(c) The influence of the geography of the British Islands 
on their history. 

2. Paraphrase :— 


The Poet to his dead Friend. 


Dost thou look back on what has been, 
As some divinely gifted man, 

Whose life in low estate began 

And on a simple village green ; 

Who breaks his birth’s invidious bar, 
And grasps the skirts of happy chance, 
And breasts the blows of circumstance, 
And grapples with his evil star ; 

Who makes by force his merit known 
And lives to clutch the golden keys, 
To mould a mighty state’s decrees, 
And shape the whisper of the throne ; 
And moving up from high to higher, 
Becomes on Fortune’s crowing slope 
The pillar of a people’s hope, 

The centre of a world’s desire ; 

Yet feels as in a pensive dream, 

When all his active powers are still, 

A distant dearness in the hill, 

A secret swectness in the stream 


164 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 


The limit of his narrower fate, 

While yet beside its vocal springs 
He play’d at counsellors and kings 
With one that was his earliest mate ἢ 

3. Give a general analysis of the following passage, indi- 
cating clearly the connection between the clauses ; parse 
the words italicised :— 

There is given 
Unto the things of earth zw/zch time hath bent 
A spirit’s feeling, and where he hath leant 
His hand, but ὀγοζε his scythe, there is a power 
And magic in the ruin’d battlement, 
For which the palace of the present hour 
Must yield its pomp and wait 7/7 ages are its dower. 

4. (a) In the following sentence point out the prefixes 
and the suffixes and give the meaning or force of each of 
them :— 

“Tong may we be enabled to improve our present 
blessings, to cultivate the arts of peace, to give to commerce, 
now reviving, greater extension and new spheres of employ- 
ment, and to confirm the prosperity now generally diffused.” 

Or, (6) Derive eight of the following words: Island, 
sirloin, soar, newt, tantalise, miscreant, quandary, care, 
panacea, strange, pedagogue, tartan. 

5. Parse the words italicised in the following sentences : 
(1) There was no one dwt did his best. (2) I can give you 
fifty reasons wy I disbelieve the report. (3) This book is 
dull zo vead. (4) He must xeeds go. (5) Z¢ will be pro- 
voking if he does not come. (6) Z/e more I ponder the 
matter ¢e less I am satisfied. (7) As a rule he acts 
admirably. 

And, (¢) Define and exemplify Noun Clause, Adverbial 
Phrase, Doublet, Strong Verb, Hybrid. 

6. Improve where necessary the following sentences, and 
give reasons for the changes you make :— 

(a) He entirely failed to see that before dealing with 
physical astronomy, it must be dealt with mathematically. 

(4) Longfellow has given more people a taste for poetry, 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 165 


and purified and comforted more young minds, than any 
poet of modern times. 

(c) The opinion that the sun is fixed was once too 
universal to be easily shaken, and a similar prejudice has 
often rendered the progress of new inventions very slow, 
arising from the numbers of the believers, and not the 
reasonableness of the belief. 

(4) I would be sorry to accept a belief different than this, 
that if a man once knew a habit to be injurious he was 
capable of emancipating himself from it. 


SECOND PAPER (OLD MODEL). 
SATURDAY, 28¢4 March 1896.—12 20 2 o'clock. 


Not more than EIGHT questions to be answered, and of 
these TWO from each section. 


SECTION A. 


1. Give some account of the life and works of Cowper, 
or Pope, or Keats. 

2. Give some account of one of the following works : 
The Faerie Queene, Samson Agonistes, Hudibras, The Vicar 
of Wakefield, Barnaby Rudge, The Ldylls of the King. 

3. Name the authors, and give the approximate dates of 
ten of the following works : 

The Campaign, Novum Organum, Aurora Leigh, The 
Bride of Abydos, The Pleasures of Hope, Sartor Resartus, 
The Task, The Hind and the Panther, Adam Bede, Rasselas, 
Every Man in his Humour, Westward Ho!, The Gentle 
Shepherd, The Rape of the Lock, Adonats. 

4. Give some account of ¢hree of the following characters : 
Caleb Balderstone, Falstaff, Diana Vernon, Duessa, Griselda, 
Colonel Dobbin, Tom Pinch, Sir John Chester, Iago, Sir 
Roger de Coverley. 


SECTION B. 


5. (a) Sketch the character of Fluellen, and indicate what 
part he plays in Henry V. 
Or, (ὁ) Reproduce as nearly in Shakespeare’s words as 


166 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 


you can Henry’s reflections on ceremony, and describe 
fully the circumstances in which the speech was delivered. 
6. (a) Write a full account of Conachar. 
Or, (6) Narrate what took place at Falkland Castle. 


SECTION C. 

7. Give some account of the relations between England 
and Scotland from 1290 to 1328. 

8. Write notes on six of the following: Peace of Wed- 
more, Magna Charta, Provisions of Oxford, Jack Cade’s 
Revolt, Poyning’s Law, Benevolences, Battle of Bouvines, 
the Suppression of the Monasteries, Statute of the Six 
Articles, Roman Occupation of Britain, Battle of Pinkie. 

g. Write notes on six of the following :—Caractacus, Alfred 
the Great, David I., Anselm, Becket, Wiclif, Wat ‘Tyler, 
Thomas Cromwell, Strongbow, John Knox, Regent Murray, 
Earl of Warwick (the Kingmaker), the Black Prince. 

το. Give some account of the war between England and 
France during the reigns of Henry V. and Henry VI. 


SEcTion D. 

11. Name the chief articles sent to this country from (a) 
India, (4) Australia, (c) Canada, (4) the West Indies, (e) 
South Africa. 

In each case name at least four articles. 

12. Write a full account of New South Wales or of Natal. 

13. Locate, and write a brief note on, éez of the follow- 
ing :—Adelaide, the Falkland Islands, Cotopaxi, Aden, the 
Great Karoo, Chitral, the Congo Free State, Mecca, the 
Hindu Kush, Siberia, Tientsin, Heidelberg, Moulmein, 
Bergen, Corunna. 

14. Describe (a) the Mountain Systems, (4) the River 
Systems of Europe. 


SECOND PAPER (NEW MODEL). 
SATURDAY, 28th March 1896.—12 to 2 o'clock. 
Not more than ¥1GHT questions are to be attempted. Of 
these, THREE must be taken from Section A, THREE from 
Section B, and two from Section C. Of the THREE from 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &c. 167 . 


Section A, at least ONE must be a question on Henry V., and 
at least ONE a question on “ The Fair Maid of Perth.” 


SECTION A. 


τ. Give some account of oxze of the following works :— 
The Faerie Queene, Samson Agonistes, Hudibras, The Vicar 
of Wakefield, Barnaby Rudge, The Idylls of the King. 

2. Give some account of ¢hree of the following charac- 
ters :—Caleb Balderstone, Falstaff, Diana Vernon, Duessa, 
Griselda, Colonel Dobbin, Tom Pinch, Sir John Chester, 
Iago, Sir Roger de Coverley. 

3. “We cannot help noting the weakness of this play as 
a drama.” Examine this criticism of Henry V. 

4. Sketch the character of Fluellen, and indicate what 
part he plays in “ Henry V.” 

5. Reproduce, as nearly in Shakespeare’s words as you 
can, Henry’s reflections on ceremony, and describe fully 
the circumstances in which the speech was delivered. 

6. Write a full account of Conachar. 

7. Narrate what took place at Falkland Castle. 

8. Sketch the character and fortunes of Henbane 
Dwining. 

SECTION B. 


g. Write a short life of James I. of Scotland. 

το. Sketch the progress of the war between England and 
France during the reigns of Edward III. and Richard 11. 

11. Write notes on szx of the following :—Peace of Wed- 
more, Magna Charta, Provisions of Oxford, Jack Cade’s 
Revolt, Poyning’s Law, Benevolences, Battle of Bouvines, 
The Suppression of the Monasteries, Statute of the Six 
Articles, Roman Occupation of Britain, Battle of Pinkie. 

12. Write notes on sx of the following :—Caractacus, 
Alfred the Great, David I., Anselm, Becket, Wiclif, Wat 
Tyler, Thomas Cromwell, Strongbow, John Knox, Regent 
Murray, Earl of Warwick (the Kingmaker), The Black 
Prince. 

13. Give some account of the Wars of the Roses. 


168 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 


14. Sketch the political and social condition of England 
during the second half of the fourteenth century. 


SECTION C. 


15. Name the chief articles sent to this country from (a) 
India, (4) Australia, (c) Canada, (4) the West Indies, (e) 
South Africa. 

In each case name at least four articles. 

16. Write a full account of New South Wales or of Natal. 

17. Locate, and write a brief note on, ez of the follow- 
ing :—Adelaide, the Falkland Islands, Cotopaxi, Aden, the 
Great Karoo, Chitral, the Congo Free State, Mecca, the 
Hindu Kush, Siberia, Tientsin, Heidelberg, Moulmein, 
Bergen, Corunna. 

18. Describe (a) the Mountain Systems, coh the River 
Systems of Europe. 


LATIN (HicHER STANDARD). 
FIRST PAPER. 


TueEspay, τοῦ October 1895.—g 10 11 o'clock. 
I. Translate into English :— 
Quinctius sets free Corinth, Chalcis, and Demetrias. 


Nondum conventus dimissus erat, quum respiciunt prae- 
sidium, ab Acrocorintho descendens, protinus ad portam duci 
atque abire. Quorum agmen imperator secutus, prosequen- 
tibus cunctis, servatorem liberatoremque acclamantibus, 
salutatis dimissisque lis, eadem, qua venerat, via Elatiam 
rediit. Inde cum omnibus copiis Ap. Claudium legatum 
dimittit. Per Thessaliam atque Epirum ducere Oricum 
iubet, atque ibi se opperiri: inde namque in animo esse 
exercitum in Italiam traiicere. Et L. Quinctio fratri, legato 
et praefecto classis scribit, ut onerarias ex omni Graeciae ora 
eodem contraheret. Ipse Chalcidem profectus, deductis non 
a Chalcide solum, sed etiam ab Oreo atque Eretria, prae- 
sidiis, conventum ibi Euboicarum civitatum habuit ; com- 
monitosque, in quo statu rerum accepisset eos, et in quo 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 169 


relinqueret, dimisit. Demetriadem inde proficiscitur ; de- 
ductoque praesidio prosequentibus cunctis, sicut Corinthi 
et Chalcide, pergit ire in Thessaliam ; ubi non liberandae 
modo civitates erant, sed ex omni colluvione et confusione 
in aliquam tolerabilem formam redigendae. Nec enim 
temporum modo vitlis, ac violentia, et “licentia regia turbati 
erant ; sed inquieto etiam ingenio gentis, nec comitia, nec 
conventum, nec concilium ullum, non per seditionem ac 
tumultum, iam inde a principio ad nostram usque aetatem 
traducentis. IVv, XExiv,, 541. 


II. Translate also :— 
Eneas is wounded by an unknown Rutulian. 


At pius Aineas dextram tendebat inermem 
Nudato capite, atque suos clamore vocabat : 
‘Quo ruitis? quaeve ἰδία repens discordia surgit ? 
O cohibete iras! ictum iam foedus et omnes 
Compositae leges ; mihi ius concurrere soli : 
Me sinite atque auferte metus: ego foedera faxo 
Firma manu: Turnum debent haec iam mihi sacra.” 
Has inter voces, media inter talia verba, 
Ecce viro stridens alis adlapsa sagitta est, 
Incertum qua pulsa manu, quo turbine adacta, 
Quis tantam Rutulis laudem, casusne deusne, 
Attulerit : pressa est insignis gloria facti, 
Nec sese A®neae iactavit vulnere quisquam. 

VIRGIL, 4”, ΧΙ 311-323. 

Scan the last two lines. 


SECOND PAPER. 
12 fo 2 o'clock. 
I. Translate into Latin Prose :— 
Philip, having raised the siege of Palé, called a council of 
war to consider in what direction he should next turn his 
victorious arms. The Messenians represented that in one 


day the forces might march from Cephallenia into their 
country, and at once overpower Lycurgus, who did not 


170 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &c. 


expect to be so suddenly attacked. Leontius enforced this 
advice very strongly. His secret reason was, that, since it 
would be impossible for Philip to return, as the winds would 
be directly contrary at the time, he would be forced to 
remain there, by which means the campaign would be 
brought to an end and nothing accomplished. The Acar- 
nanians, on the contrary, urged him to march at once into 
Aetolia, declaring that the whole country might be laid 
waste without the least resistance, and that thus Dorimachus 
would be prevented from making an irruption into Mace- 
donia. Aratus did not fail to declare in favour of the latter 
opinion ; and the king, who from the time of the cowardly 
attack upon Palé had begun to suspect Leontius, acquiesced 
in the advice of Aratus. 


II. (a) Show by means of short sentences what are the 
principal uses of the 4/ative in Latin. 

(ὁ) State, with illustrative examples, when the relative gzz, 
quae, guod, must be followed by the subjunctive. 

(c) Give the other degrees (or degree) of comparison of 
nequtior, habilior, plus, acerrimus, ocior, maledicentior, novts- 
simus, hebetior, gractlior, crebrius, levius, petus. 

(4) Mark the quantity of the second syllable in sudtz/ts, 
radices, infelix, Thalia, pagina, irrito (verb) ; and distinguish 
between és and és, vélis and velts, ovis and ovis, canis and 
canis, labor and labor. 


III. Translate, with brief notes where deemed necessary :— 
1. Verba mihi dari facile patior. 
2. Sub corona captivi venibant. 
3. Ad unguem factus homo. 
4. Adulescens patre suo imperatore meruit. 


IV. Translate into Latin :— 

(a) When will our army return home? Will it be on 
the 8th of October? 

(2) You don’t mean to say that Cicero was a bad citizen? 
I, at least, cannot believe such a statement. 

(c) Whether the soldiers named by the general were 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 17 


Persians or Greeks, they certainly displayed extraordinary 
courage. 

(4) Caesar was undoubtedly too ambitious, but he was 
at the same time too prudent openly to reveal his purposes. 


FIRST PAPER. 
TUESDAY, 219} March 1896.—9 to 11 o'clock. 
1. Translate into English :— 


(1) Livy. Book XXXVIIL., 51. 
Impeachment of Scipio. 


Tribuni plebis vetera luxuriae crimina Syracusanorum 
hibernorum et Locris Pleminianum tumultum cum ad fidem 
praesentium criminum rettulissent, suspitionibus magis quam 
argumentis pecuniae captae reum accusarunt : filium captum 
sine pretio redditum omnibusque aliis rebus Scipionem, 
tamquam in eius unius manu pax Romana bellumque esset, 
ab Antiocho cultum. dictatorem eum consuli, non legatum 
in provincia fuisse ; nec ad aliam rem eo profectum quam 
ut, id quod Hispaniae, Galliae, Siciliae, Africae iam pridem 
persuasum esset, hoc Graeciae Asiaeque et omnibus ad 
orientem versis regibus gentibusque adpareret, unum homi- 
nem caput columenque imperii Romani esse, sub umbra 
Scipionis civitatem dominam orbis terrarum latere, nutum 
eius pro decretis patrum, pro populi iussis esse. infamia 
intactum invidia, qua possunt, urgent. orationibus in 
noctem perductis prodicta dies est. 


(2) Horace. Epistles IL, 2. 
Dixi me pigrum proficiscenti tibi ; dixi 
Talibus officilis prope mancum : ne mea saevus 
Jurgares ad te quod epistola nulla veniret. 
Quid tum profeci, mecum facientia jura 
Si tamen attentas? Quereris super hoc etiam, quod 
Exspectata tibi non mittam carmina mendax. 
Luculli miles collecta viatica multis 
Aerumnis, lassus dum noctu stertit, ad assem 
Perdiderat: post hoc vehemens lupus, et 5101 et hosti 


172 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 


Iratus pariter, jejunis dentibus acer, 

Praesidium regale loco dejecit, ut aiunt. 

Clarus ob id factum, donis ornatur honestis ; 
Accipit et bis dena super sestertia nummim, 
Forte sub hoc tempus castellum evertere, praetor, 
Nescio quod cupiens, hortari coepit eundem 
Verbis, quae timido quoque possent addere mentem : 
‘T, bone, quo virtus tua te vocat: 1 pede fausto, 
Grandia laturus meritorem praemia: quid stas ?’ 
Post haec ille catus, quantumvis rusticus, ‘ ibit, 
Ibit eo quo vis qui zonam perdidit,’ inquit. 


SECOND PAPER. 


TuEspay, 31st March 1896.—12 to 2 o'clock. 


I. Translate into Latin Prose :— 


So great was the difficulty of the situation felt to be, that 
a large number of the fathers seemed inclined to yield to 
the demands of Cineas, or at any rate to allow Pyrrhus to 
come to Rome in person to urge them. But Appius 
Claudius, now old and blind, hearing of this wavering in 
the Senate, caused himself to be carried into the Senate- 
house, surrounded by his sons and sons-in-law, and de- 
livered an impassioned speech. ‘‘He had never before,” 
he said, “been glad of his blindness; but now he could 
wish that he had been deaf also, that he might not hear 
their decrees which would destroy the glory of Rome. They 
had been used to boast that, if Alexander had come to Italy, 
his fame for invincibility would have been at an end; yet 
they were going to yield to a mean Epirote, the hanger-on 
of one of Alexander’s field officers, who was in Italy because 
he could not maintain himself in Greece, and whose power 
had not sufficed to retain even a portion of Macedonia. If 
Pyrrhus, so far from being punished, were actually rewarded 
for his presumption, they would not have freed themselves 
of him, they would only have brought upon themselves the 
Tarentines and Samnites, who would justly despise them.” 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &¢. 173 


II. (a) Construct short sentences to exhibit (1) ¢zve cases 
used with sw; (2) two uses of dum with the Subjunctive ; 
(3) ¢wo uses of μέ with the Indicative, and ¢wo with the 
Subjunctive. 

(6) Exemplify the case constructions used with: zdigeo, 
interest, praesto, rideo, plaudo, caveo, tmpono, tmpero. 

(c) Mark the quantity of the second syllable of: redite, 
sarcina, petitor, proceres, mendicus, ancora, vectigal, Aeneas ; 
and distinguish the meaning of mané and mane ; régis and 
regis ; lepore and lepore ; palus and falus. 


III. Translate, with a brief note on the Syntax :— 

(1) Dum loquimur, fugerit, invida aetas. 

(2) Mediocribus esse poetis non homines non di conces- 
sere. 

(3) Invitum qui servat idem facit occidenti. 


IV. Translate into Latin :— 

(1) The good king declared that the more favours he 
bestowed, the more he was asked to bestow. 

(2) If you were wise, you would study philosophy instead 
of wasting your time in idleness. 

(3) The general was afraid that the supplies would not 
long suffice for such a large army. 

(4) Proclamation was made that the lives of all who 
surrendered would be spared. 


LOWER STANDARD. 
Monpay, 30¢/ September 1895.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


I. Translate into English :— 
How Chabrias met his Death. 


_Oppugnabant Athenienses Chium. Erat in classe Chab- 
rias privatus, sed omnes qui in magistratu erant auctoritate 
anteibat, eumque magis milites quam qui praeerant suspicie- 
bant. Quae res ei maturavit mortem. Nam dum primus 
studet portum intrare, gubernatoremque iubet eo dirigere 


174 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &¢. 


navem, ipse sibi perniciei fuit: cum enim eo penetrasset, 
ceterae non sunt secutae. Quo facto circumfusus hostium 
concursu cum fortissime pugnaret, navis rostro percussa 
coepit sidere. Hinc refugere cum posset, si se in mare 
deiecisset, quod suberat classis Atheniensium, quae ex- 
ciperet natantes, perire maluit quam armis abiectis navem 
relinquere in qua fuerat vectus. Id ceteri facere noluerunt, 
qui nando in tutum pervenerunt. At ille, praestare honestam 
mortem existimans turpi vitae, comminus pugnans telis 
hostium interfectus est. 

Account for the cases of pernicted and mare in the above. 

Give the derivations of swspiciebant, existimans, comminus. 


II. Translate into Latin :— 


The Athenian fleet, consisting of 100 ships of war, and 
having on board 1500 picked Athenian soldiers, as well as 
auxiliaries, at length set sail, and proceeded to Corcyra, 
where it was joined by the other allies in the month of July, 
415 B.c. Upon arriving at Rhegium, the generals received 
the discouraging news that the town of Egesta was unable to 
contribute more than thirty talents. Having met for coun- 
sel at this crisis, they finally resolved to gain as many allies 
as they could among the Greek cities in Sicily, and, after 
having in this way ascertained what assistance they could 
rely upon, to attack Syracuse as soon as possible. 


111, Grammar. 


1. Give the Genitive (sing. and pl.) and the gender of 
timber, nemus, domus, rete, eques, Vis, CANIS, OS, mos, ates. 

2. Compare vetus, magnificus, dives, arduus, difficulter. 
Give the Latin for 30 each, 300 each, 13 times, 11th, rooth. 

5. Conjugate :—fando, tendo, colo, findo, emo, demo, tego, 
texo, fido, largior, metior, assentior. 

4. Distinguish between Az, z//e, ἔς, and is¢e ; and between 
the use of w¢rum and sive. Explain these datives :—#67 uni 


parebo ; Caesari omnia erant agenda; odio Hannibal erat 
Romanis. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 175 


IV. Sentences. 

Translate into Latin :— 

τ. Which of you two said that Pompey would be mindful 
of us? 

2. On gaining possession of the camp, the Romans spared 
no one. 

3. He asked me if I knew who that man was. 

4. He bought that ground for a small sum. 

5. The town is surrounded by a wall ten feet high. 


Monpay, 30¢2 March 1896.—g ¢o 12 o'clock. 
I, Translate into English :— 


Alexander addresses his army, 


Moderationis meae certissimum indicium est, quod ne 
victis quidem superbe impero. Veni enim in Asiam non ut 
funditus everterem gentes nec ut dimidiam partem terrarum 
solitudinem facerem, sed ut illos quos bello suwbegissem, vic- 
toriae meae non paeniteret. Itaque militant vobiscum, pro 
imperio vestro sanguinem fundunt, qui superbe tractati rede/- 
Jassent. Non est diuturna possessio in quam gladio induci- 
mur: deneficiorum gratia sempiterna est. Si habere Asiam 
non transire volumus, cum his communicanda est nostra 
clementia : horum fides stabile et aeternum faciet imperium. 
Et sane plus habemus quam cupimus. _Insatiabilis autem 
avaritiae est adhuc implere velle quod iam circumfluit. Me 
vero reprehenditis quod Persarum mores in Macedonas 
transferam. In multis enim gentibus esse video quae non 
erubescamus * imitari; nec aliter tantum imperium apte regi 
potest quam ut quaedam et tradamus illis et ab iisdem 
discamus. Curtius, VIII., 8-10. 

Account for the mood of the verbs, and the case of the 
nouns underlined. 


11. Translate into Latin :— 

Then certain of the queen’s maidens went up and told 
Penelope what had happened, and how her lord Ulysses 
had come home and slain the suitors.¢ But she gave no 


* erubescere=to blush. t suitors =Zrocz,-orum. 


176 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 


heed to their words, but thought that some frenzy possessed 
them, or that they mocked her; for it is the property of 
intense grief not to believe when any great joy cometh. 
And she rated them exceedingly for troubling her. But 
they the more persisted in declaring the truth of what they 
had affirmed. They said: “That poor guest whom you 
talked with last night was Ulysses.” Then she was yet 
more fully persuaded that they mocked her. But they said : 
“This thing is true which we have told. We sat within, 
and heard the groans of those that were killed, but saw 
nothing till your son told us to come in. On entering we 
saw Ulysses standing in the midst of the slaughtered.” 


Ill. Grammar. 


1. Give the meaning, gender, genitive singular, and 
ablative plural of :—Fader, vulnus, grex, ordo, tribus, nix, 
cints, frons, dos, femur. 

2. Conjugate and give the meaning of :—JZico, haereo, 
urgeo, soleo, texo, confido, ludo, molo, vinco, vincio. 

3. Compare wfilis, sacer, tener, dirus. Give all the 
adverbs formed from adéus and idem. Give the Latin for 
nineteenth, twenty times, one million, two-thirds. 

4. Give the exact meaning of :—U¢ergue, guisque, ambo, 
aliguis, quidam, quisquis, quisquam, quotus, quotusquisgue, 
stmul, semel, demum. What cases are used with 2οΖίγἧ, 
miserert, privare, circumdare ? 


IV. Sentences. 


1. Can any one believe that such a strong city will ever 
be captured ? 

2. It is of no importance to me whether you go to the 
country or stay at home. 

3. There are some who think that the slave is more 
foolish than wicked. 

4. If we take the city, we will spare all the inhabitants. 

5. Ask your brother whether he has read the book I sent 
him. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 177 


GREEK. 
HIGHER STANDARD. 
FIRST PAPER. 


WEDNESDAY, 27d October 1895.—9 to 11 O'clock. 
I, Translate :— 
Lf Athens were an tsland. 


Ἑνὸς δὲ ἐνδεεῖς elow: el γὰρ νῆσον οἰκοῦντες θαλαττοκράτορες ἦσαν 
᾿Αθηναῖοι, ὑπῆρχεν ἂν αὐτοῖς ποιεῖν μὲν κακῶς, εἰ ἠβούλοντο, πάσχειν δὲ 
μηδὲν, ἕως τῆς θαλάσσης ἦρχον, μηδὲ τμηθῆναι τὴν ἑαυτῶν γῆν, μηδὲ 
προσδέχεσθαι τοὺς πολεμίους. νῦν δὲ οἱ γεωργοῦντες καὶ οἱ πλούσιοι 
᾿Αθηναίων ὑπέρχονται; τοὺς πολεμίους μᾶλλον. ὁ δὲ δῆμος, ἅτε εὖ εἰδὼς 
ὅτι οὐδὲν τῶν σφῶν ἐμπρήσουσιν οὐδὲ τεμοῦσιν, ddews ζῇ καὶ οὐχ ὑπερ- 
χόμενος αὐτούς. Πρὸς δὲ τούτοις, καὶ ἑτέρου δέους ἀπηλλαγμένοι ἂν ἦσαν, 
εἰ νῆσον ᾧκουν, μηδέποτε προδοθῆναι τὴν πόλιν ὑπ᾽ ὀλίγων, μηδὲ πύλας 
ἀνοιχθῆναι, μηδὲ πολεμίους ἐπεισπεσεῖν: (πῶς γὰρ, νῆσον οἰκούντων, ταῦτ᾽ 
ἂν ἐγίγνετο :) μηδ᾽ αὖ στασιάσαι τῷ δήμῳ μηδὲν, εἰ νῆσον ᾧκουν. νὺν 
μὲν γὰρ, εἰ στασιάσαιεν, ἐλπίδα ἂν ἔχοντες ἐν τοῖς πολεμίοις στασιάσειαν, 
ὡς κατὰ γῆν ἐπαξόμενοι. εἰ δὲ νῆσον ᾧκουν, καὶ ταῦτα ἂν ἀδεώς αὐτοῖς 
εἶχεν. ᾿Επειδὴ οὖν ἐξ ἀρχῆς οὐκ ἔτυχον οἰκήσαντες νῆσον, νῦν τάδε 
ποιοῦσι. τὴν μὲν οὐσίαν ταῖς νήσοις παρατίθενται," πιστεύοντες τῇ ἀρχῇ 
τῇ κατὰ θάλατταν, τὴν δὲ ᾿Αττικὴν γῆν περιορῶσι τεμνομένην, γιγνώσκοντες 
ὅτι, εἰ αὐτὴν ἐλεήσουσιν, ἑτέρων ἀγαθῶν μειζόνων στερήσονται. 

1 ὑπέρχεσθαι, to cringe to. 2παρατίθεσθαι, to deposit. 


II. Translate either (a) or (4) :— 

(a) Thetis comforts Peleus. 
σὲ δ᾽, ws ἂν εἰδῇς THs ἐμῆς εὐνῆς χάριν, 
κακῶν ἀπαλλάξασα τῶν βροτησίων, 
ἀθάνατον ἄφθιτόν τε ποιήσω θεόν. 
κἄπειτα Νηρέως ἐν δόμοις ἐμοῦ μέτα 
τὸ λοιπὸν ἤδη θεὸς συνοικήσεις θεῷ. 
ἔνθεν κομίζων ξηρὸν ἐκ πόντου πόδα 
τὸν φίλτατον σοὶ παῖδ᾽ ἐμιοί 7’ ᾿Αχιλλέα 
ὄψει δόμους ναίοντα νησιωτικοὺς 
Λευκὴν κατ᾽ ἀκτὴν ἐντὸς Εὐξείνου πόρου. 
ἀλλ᾽ ἕρπε Δελφών ἐς θεόδμητον πόλιν, 
νεκρὸν κομίζων τόνδε, καὶ κρύψας χθονὶ, 

Μ 


178 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 


ἐλθὼν παλαιᾶς χοιράδος κοῖλον μυχὸν 
Σηπιάδος ἵζου" μίμνε δ᾽, ἐς 7’ ἂν ἐξ ἁλὸς 
λαβοῦσα πεντήκοντα Νηρήδων χορὸν 
ἔλθω κομιστήν σου; τὸ γὰρ πεπρωμένον 
δεῖ σ᾽ ἐκκομίζειν: Ζηνὶ γὰρ δοκεῖ τάδε. 
παῦσαι δὲ λύπης τῶν τεθνηκότων ὕπερ. 
πᾶσιν γὰρ ἀνθρώποισιν ἥδε πρὸς θεῶν 
ψῆφος κέκρανται, κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται. 


Eurip., Andromache, 1253-72. 
(ὁ) End of the fight between Hector and Ajax. 


Tov δ᾽ αὖτε προσέειπε μέγας κορυθαίολος  Exrwp" 
** Alay, ἐπεί τοι δῶκε θεὸς μέγεθός τε βίην τε 
καὶ πινυτήν, περὶ δ᾽ ἔγχει ᾿Αχαιῶν φέρτατός ἐσσι, 
νὺν μὲν παυσώμεσθα μάχης καὶ δηϊοτῆτος 
σήμερον. ὕστερον αὖτε μαχησόμεθ᾽ ἐς ὅ κε δαίμων 
ἄμμε διακρίνῃ, δώῃ δ᾽ ἑτέροισί γε νίκην. 
νύξ δ᾽ ἤδη τελέθει: ἀγαθὸν καὶ νυκτὶ πιθέσθαι, 
ὡς σύ τ᾽ ἐὐφρήνῃς πάντας παρὰ νηυσὶν ᾿Αχαιούς, 
σούς τε μάλιστα ἔτας καὶ ἑταίρους οἵ τοι ἔασιν" 
αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ κατὰ ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος 
Τρῶας ἐὐφρανέω καὶ Tpwddas ἑλκεσιπέπλους, 
αἵ τε μοι εὐχόμεναι θεῖον δύσονται ἀγῶνα. 
δῶρα δ᾽ ἄγ᾽ ἀλλήλοισι περικλυτὰ δώομεν ἄμφω, 
ὄφρα τις ὧδ᾽ εἴπῃσιν ᾿Αχαιῶν τε Tpwwy Te 
ἡμὲν ἐμαρνάσθην ἔριδος περὶ θυμοβόροιο, 
ἠδ᾽ αὖτ᾽ ἐν φιλότητι διέτμαγεν ἀρθμήσαντε.᾽} 
1 ἀρθμεῖν, to be united. 
IL. vii. 287-302. 
SECOND PAPER. 
WEDNESDAY, 27d October 1895.—12 to 2 o'clock. 
I, SENTENCES. 


1. They ought to have been here already, but if they 
come within a month 1 shall be satisfied. 

2. In the presence of the whole family, he forbade his 
son ever to enter the house again; he had incurred, he 
said, the charge of cowardice. 

3. I wish I had been there, that I might have shared 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees tn Arts and Science, &¢. 179 


with you the glory of that deed, even if I had chanced to 
fall along with you. 

4. I shall certainly not advise him to punish such a man 
as you for so small a fault. 

s. He refuses to acquit (ἀπαλλάττειν) them of their oath 
till they pay him ten talents apiece by way of ransom. 

6. I know not of what you accuse me; but whatever it 
is, 1 know that I am innocent. 


II. GRAMMAR. 


1. Give genitive and accusative, singular and plural, of 
πρᾶος, οὖς, γραῦς, Vyins, ἑστώς. 

2. Parse, and give the chief parts in use of, ἀποδράς, ἑάλως, 
ἔδεται, μέμνησο, Tabels. 

3. Explain and exemplify the force of the suffixes -τρις, 
ττρον, -συνη,-ἰδὴς, τἰσκος, Make words from the stem ποιε- to 
denote (1) made; (2) maker; (3) thing made; (4) act of 
making ; (5) apt to make. 

4. Enumerate and illustrate the chief modes of forming 
the present stem of verbs from the simple stem. 

5. Translate ; God forbid ; no, by Zeus; on my account ; 
by my means ; in my power. 

6. Translate and explain the grammar of : πέμπτην ἤδη ἡμέραν 
ἄπεστι: αὐτοῖς ἴπποις ἴωμεν : οὐ μὴ τοῦτο γένηται : ἀποθανεῖ μὴ φαγών : ws 
ἐμοῦ ἰόντος, τὴν γνώμην ἔχετε : ἀνέστησαν αὐτοὺς ἐφ᾽ ᾧ μηδὲν κακὸν 
ποιήσουσιν. What is the force of the optative in: ἡδέως ἂν ἔγωγ᾽ 
ἐροίμην : κήρυκας ἔπεμψαν εἰ πίθοιεν IIndeldny : μηκέτι ζῴην : οὕς τινας 
ἴδοι, τίνες εἶεν ἠρώτα ? 

HIGHER STANDARD—FIRST PAPER. 


WepneEspay, ist April 1896.— 9 to 11 o'clock. 


1. Translate :— 
Socrates claims one saving grace. 
EQ. Ὁρᾷς, ὦ Ἱππία, ὅτι ἐγὼ ἀληθῆ λέγω, λέγων ws λιπαρής ' εἶμι πρὸς 
τὰς ἐρωτήσεις τῶν σοφῶν ; καὶ κινδυνεύω ἕν μόνον ἔχειν τοῦτο ἀγαθόν, 
τᾶλλα ἔχων πάνυ φαῦλα᾽ τῶν μὲν γὰρ πραγμάτων 7 ἔχει ἔσφαλμαι, καὶ 


1 λιπαρής, earnest. 


180 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, ὥς. 


οὐκ οἷδ᾽ ὅπῃ ἐστί. τεκμήριον δέ μοι τούτου ἱκανόν, ὅτι ἐπειδὰν συγγένωμαί 
τῳ ὑμῶν τῶν εὐδοκιμούντων ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ καὶ οἷς οἱ “Ἑλληνες πάντες μάρτυρές 
εἰσι τῆς σοφίας, φαίνομαι οὐδὲν εἰδώς" οὐδὲν γάρ μοι δοκεῖ τῶν αὐτῶν καὶ 
ὑμῖν, ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν. καίτοι τί μεῖζον ἀμαθίας τεκμήριον, ἢ ἐπειδάν τις 
σοφοῖς ἀνδράσι διαφέρηται ; ἕν δὲ τοῦτο θαυμάσιον ἔχω ἀγαθόν, ὅ με σῴζει" 
οὐ γάρ αἰσχύνομαι μανθάνων, ἀλλὰ πυνθάνομαι καὶ ἐρωτῶ καὶ χάριν πολλὴν 
ἔχω τῷ ἀποκρινομένῳ, καὶ οὐδένα πώποτε ἀπεστέρησα χάριτος. οὐ γὰρ 
πώποτε ἔξαρνος ᾿ ἐγενόμην μαθών τι, ἐμαυτοῦ ποιούμενος τὸ μάθημα εἶναι 
ὡς εὕρημα. ἀλλ᾽ ἐγωμιάζω τὸν διδάξαντά με ὡς σοφὸν ὄντα, ἀποφαίνων ἃ 
ἔμαθον παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ. καὶ δὴ καὶ νῦν ἃ σὺ λέγεις οὐχ ὁμολογῶ σοι, ἀλλὰ 
διαφέρομαι πάνυ σφόδρα" καὶ τοῦτ᾽ εὖ olda ὅτι Ov ἐμὲ γίγνεται, ὅτι τοιοῦτός 
εἰμι οἷός πέρ εἰμι, ἵνα μηδὲν ἐμαυτὸν μεῖζον εἴπω. 
Ἰ ἔξαρνος γενέσθαι, to deny. 


PLato, Hipp. Min., 372, A-C. 
Translate EITHER (4) OR (6), but not both :— 


(a) Athene rallies Odysseus on his caution. 


Tov δ᾽ ἠμείβετ᾽ ἔπειτα θεὰ γλαυκῶπις ᾿Αθήνη" 

“ἐ αἰεί τοι τοιοῦτον ἐνὶ στήθεσσι νόημα" 

τῷσε καὶ οὐ δύναμαι προλιπεῖν δύστηνον ἐόντα. 

ἀσπασίως γάρ x’ ἄλλος ἀνὴρ ἀλαλημένος ἐλθὼν 

ler’ ἐνὶ μεγάροις ἰδέειν παῖδάς τ᾽ ἄλοχόν τε" 

σοὶ δ᾽ οὔ πω φίλον ἐστὶ δαήμεναι οὐδὲ πυθέσθαι, 

πρίν γ᾽ ἔτι σῆς ἀλόχου πειρήσεαι, ἥ τε τοι αὔτως 

ἧσται ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν, ὀϊζυραὶ δέ οἱ αἰεὶ 

φθίνουσιν νύκτες τε καὶ ἤματα δάκρυ χεούσῃ. 

αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ τὸ μὲν οὔ ποτ᾽ ἀπίστεον, ἀλλ᾽ ἐνὶ θυμῷ 

ἤδε᾽, ὅ νοστήσεις ὀλέσας ἄπο πάντας ἑταίρους" 

ἀλλά τοι οὐκ ἐθέλησα ἸΤοσειδάωνι μάχεσθαι 

πατροκασιγνήτῳ, ὅς τοι κότον ἔνθετο θυμῷ, 

χωόμενος ὅτι οἱ υἱὸν φίλον ἐξαλάωσας. 

ἀλλ᾽ ἄγε τοι δείξω ᾿Ιθάκης ἕδος, ὄφρα πεποίθῃς. 
Odyssey, XIII., 329-344. 


(4) Sic vos non vobis. 


XO. Παύσασθον ἤδη, λῷστα γὰρ μακρῷ τάδε, 
λόγων ματαίων, μὴ δύο σφαλήηθ᾽ ἅμα. 
ΠΗ. οἴμοι, καθ᾽ “Ἑλλάδ᾽ ὡς κακῶς νομίζεται. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 181 


ὅταν τροπαῖα πολεμίων στήσῃ στρατός, 
οὐ τῶν πονούντων τοὔργον ἡγοῦνται τόδε, 
ἀλλ᾽ ὁ στρατηγὸς τὴν δόκησιν ἄρνυται, 
ὃς εἷς μετ’ ἄλλων μυρίων πάλλων δόρυ 
οὐδὲν πλέον δρῶν ἑνὸς ἔχει πλείω λόγον. 
σεμνοὶ δ᾽ ἐν ἀρχαῖς ἥμενοι κατὰ πτόλιν 
φρονοῦσι δήμου μεῖζον, ὄντες οὐδένες. 
οἱ δ᾽ εἰσὶν αὐτῶν μυρίῳ σοφώτεροι, 
el τόλμα προσγένοιτο βούλησις θ᾽ ἅμα. 
ws καὶ σὺ σός τ᾽ ἀδελφὸς ἐξωγκωμένοι 
Τροίᾳ κάθησθε τῇ τ᾽ ἐκεῖ στρατηγίᾳ, 
μόχθοισιν ἄλλων καὶ πόνοις ἐπηρμένοι. 
Eurip., Andromache, 691-705. 


SECOND PAPER. 
WEDNESDAY, 1s¢ April 1896.—12 20 2 o'clock. 


I. SENTENCES. 


τ. You must push on with all your might, if you mean to 
get home before the sun sets. 

2. They asked why Perdiccas had attacked their allies, if 
he expected their troops in his country to remain quiet. 

3. Far from despising the man, I loved him; for with all 
his faults (and he had many) he did more good to the 
country than any man I ever knew. 

4. At last we resolved to try if we could not make our 
escape this way, thinking that if we could elude the watch 
and gain the wall before them, we might reach friendly 
territory. 

5. He swore by Zeus that he would listen to no argument, 
whatever it might be, from any Mede, until the king came 
to him in person as a suppliant concerning the injustices he 
had committed. 

II. GRAMMAR. 


1. Give the chief parts of ἀποθνήσκω, βλώσκω, ἐσθίω, μιμνήσκω, 
véw (swim), πίμπλημι, σπένδω, τίνω, τρέχω, WHEW. 
2. What is the force of the prepositions iN ἀναφέρω, ἀποδί- 


182 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 


δωμι, καθορῶ, μεταπέμπομαι, ὑπολαμβάνω 5 and of the suffixes in 
πηλίκος, τουτονί, δεσμωτήριον, Θριῶξε, ἄροτρον ? 

3. Explain and exemplify the force of the particle ἄν (a) 
with the imperfect indicative, (2) with the subjunctive. 

4. Turn into Greek: Far be it from me. No sooner said 
than done. I assure you your fears are groundless. Such 
is the case, as far as I know. ΤῸ think of your doing that! 

5. Translate and explain the negatives in :— 

(a) ὅπως μὴ ἐρεῖς τοῦτο μηδενί. 

(ὁ) οὐκ ἔστιν ἀναχῳρεῖν μὴ νικήσαντας“. 

(c) ὅστις μὴ τρέχοι, οὐδ᾽ ἐνίκα. 

(4) ὅστις οὐ θέλει ἐργάζεσθαι, μηδὲ ἐσθιέτω. 


LOWER STANDARD. 
SATURDAY, 28¢2 September 1895.—3 20 6 o'clock. 


Preparations for the Battle of Delium. 


I. Translate :— 

Τοιαῦτα ὁ Παγώνδας τοῖς Βοιωτοῖς παραινέσας ἔπεισεν ἰέναι ἐπὶ τοὺς 
᾿Αθηναίους, καὶ κατὰ τάχος ἀναστήσας ἦγε τὸν στρατόν' ἤδη γὰρ καὶ τῆς 
ἡμέρας ὀψὲ ἣν. ἐς χωρίον δὲ καθίσας ὅθεν, λόφου ὄντος μεταξύ, οὐκ 
ἐθεώρουν ἀλλήλους, ἔτασσέ τε καὶ παρεσκευάζετο ὡς ἐς μάχην. τῷ δὲ 
“Ἱπποκράτει ὄντι περὶ τὸ Δήλιον ὡς αὐτῷ ἠγγέλθη OTe Βοιωτοὶ ἐπέρχονται, 
πέμπει ἐς τὸ στράτευμα κελεύων ἐς τάξιν καθίστασθαι, καὶ αὐτὸς οὐ πολλῴ 
ὕστερον ἐπῆλθε, καταλιπὼν ὡς τριακοσίους ἱππέας περὶ τὸ Δήλιον, ὅπως 
φύλακές τε ἅμα elev εἴ τις ἐπίοι αὐτῷ, καὶ τοῖς Βοωτοῖς καιρὸν φυλάξαντες 
ἐπιγένοιντο ἐν τῇ μάχῃ. Βοιωτοὶ δὲ πρὸς τούτους ἀντικατέστησαν τοὺς 
ἀμυνουμένους, καὶ ἐπειδὴ καλῶς αὐτοῖς εἶχεν, ὑπερεφάνησαν τοῦ λόφου, 
καὶ ἔθεντο τὰ ὅπλα τεταγμένοι ὥσπερ ἔμελλον, ὁπλῖται ἑπτακισχίλιοι 
μάλιστα καὶ ψιλοὶ ὑπὲρ μυρίους, ἱππῆς δὲ χίλιοι καὶ πελτασταὶ πεντα- 
κόσιοι. 

Thuc. iv. 93. 

Parse, with chief parts :— 

ἀναστήσας, ἠγγέλθη, ἐπίοι, ὑπερεφάνησαν, ἔθεντο. 


II. GRAMMAR. 


1. Give gender, gen. sing., and dat. and acc. plural of: 
Ἑρμῆς, πλοῦς, γέρας, αἰδώς, θρίξ. 
2. Compare μῶρος, γλυκύς, πολύς, χαριέντως, ἄνω. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 183 
3. Decline in the plural ἐγώ, σεαυτοῦ, οὗ, ὅδε, ὅστις. 
4. Write out the 2nd and 3rd pers. sing. and 3rd pers, 
pl. of :— 
(τ) The tst aor. opt. act. of στέλλω. 
(2) The pres. opt. act. of φιλέω. 
(3) The 2nd aor. imper. act. of τίθημι. 
(4) The pluperfect indic. act. of οἶδα. 
(5) The pluperfect indic. pass. of τιτρώσκω. 
5. Give the principal parts of : ἁνδάνω, δάκνω, δοκέω, ἐλαύνω, 
εὑρίσκω, θάπτω, καλέω, κτάομαι, ὄμνυμι, πήγνυμι. 
6. Form pres., fut., and perf. act. from these stems: 
βλὰβ-, μᾶν-, καυ-, Aad-, χαβ-. 
7. Explain the phrases; ἐπ᾽ ἐμοῦ ἐγένετο ; ἀνὰ πέντε τεταγμένοι 
ἦσαν ; ὑπὸ νύκτα ἀφίκοντο. 


What cases are governed by διά, and with what 
meanings ἢ 


III. SENTENCES. 


1. They used to envy each other. 
2. If you had come yesterday (x#és) he would not have 
died. 


3. Themistocles was very clever at cheating (ἀπατᾶν) the 
Spartans. 


4. If any one asks you your name, tell him you have 
none. 


5. Nothing shall prevent our coming. 
6. Oh that I were in Athens. 


SATURDAY, 28¢i March 1896.—3 to 6 o'clock. 
I. Translate :— 


The true Art of Healing. 

Ἔλεγε δ᾽ 6 Θρᾳξ οὗτος, ὅτι ταῦτα μὲν ἰατροὶ οἱ “Ἕλληνες, ἃ viv δὴ ἐγὼ 
ἔλεγον καλῶς λέγοιεν᾽ ἀλλὰ Ζάμολξις, ἔφη, λέγει ὁ ἡμέτερος βασιλεύς, 
θεὸς ὦν, ὅτι ὥσπερ ὀφθαλμοὺς ἄνευ κεφαλῆς οὐ δεῖ ἐπιχειρεῖν ἰᾶσθαι οὐδὲ 
κεφαλὴν ἄνευ σώματος, οὕτως οὐδὲ σῶμα ἄνευ ψυχῆς, ἀλλὰ τοῦτο καὶ αἴτιον 
εἴη τοῦ διαφεύγειν τοὺς παρὰ τοῖς “Ἕλλησιν ἰατροὺς τὰ πολλὰ νοσήματα, 
ὅτι τὸ ὅλον ἀγνοῖεν, οὗ δέοι τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν ποιεῖσθαι, οὗ μὴ καλῶς ἔχοντος 


184 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c¢. 


ἀδύνατον εἴη τὸ μέρος εὖ ἔχειν. πάντα yap ἔφη ἐκ THs ψυχῆς ὡρμῆσθαι 
καὶ τὰ κακὰ καὶ τὰ ἀγαθὰ τῷ σώματι καὶ παντὶ τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ, δεῖν οὖν 
ἐκεῖνο καὶ πρῶτον καὶ μάλιστα θεραπεύειν, ef μέλλει καὶ τὰ τῆς κεφαλῆς 
καὶ τὰ τοῦ ἄλλου σώματος καλως ἔχειν. Διδάσκων οὖν με τὸ φάρμακον, 
"ANN, ἔφη, τῷ φαρμάκῳ τούτῳ μηδείς σε πειθέτω τὴν αὑτοῦ κεφαλὴν 
θεραπεύειν, ὃς ἂν μὴ τὴν Ψυχὴν πρῶτον παράσχῃ ὑπὸ σοῦ θεραπευθῆναι. 


II. GRAMMAR. 


1. Parse in the above, giving the chief parts of the verbs 
and the nom. and gen. sing. of the nouns, and accounting 
for the moods of the verbs and the cases of the nouns :-— 
ἀγνοῖεν, πειθέτω, παράσχῃ, “Ἕλλησιν, νοσήματα. 

2. Give the acc. and voc. sing., and dat. and acc. plur., 
of :—édAmls, σωτήρ, ἐμαυτοῦ, παιδοτρίβης, ἅπλους, πειθώ, πληγείς, 
πεποιηκώς. 

3. Give the Greek for: Here we are. You are the same 
as ever. On the twenty-first day. Love one another. 

Construct short sentences to show the constructions of 
ἵνα and ὥστε. 

4. Compare σαφής, ταχύς, ῥᾷδιος, εὐδαίμων. Form adverbs 
from ταχύς, βέλτιστος, γράφω, κατά. 

5. Give (1) 2nd sing. 1st Aor. Imper. and Partic. active of 
σπείρω. 

(2) 2nd pers. sing. and plur. of the Pres. and Impf. Indic. 
passive of πειράω (contracted forms). 

(3) 3rd pers. sing. and plur. of the Aor. Indic. active of 
ἀποδίδωμι. 

(4) Perf. Inf. and Partic. active and passive of λείπω. 

(5) 2nd pers. sing. of the Plpf. Indic. and of the Imper. 
Subj. and Opt. of οἶδα. 

6. Give principal parts of ἀφίστημι, συνίημι, εὑρίσκω, πάσχω. 

7. Compare briefly the use of the article in Greek and in 
English, (a) in the predicate, (6) with possessive adjectives. 


III. SENTENCES. 


x. We cannot tell what to do. 
2. I was intending to come home. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 185 


3. After waiting fourteen days, they sailed off with all 
speed. 

4. If our men get here first, all will be well. 

5. Soldiers, these men are come, not to help us, but to 
spy out (κατασκοπεῖν) the land. 

6. Cease from evil yourselves, and do not suffer others to 
be ill-treated. 


MATHEMATICS. 
INTERMEDIATE AND HIGHER STANDARDS. 
FIRST PAPER. 

THuRsSDAY, 37d October 1895.—g 10 11 o'clock. 


The pass mark for Intermediate Candidates ts fixed with 
reference to the total number of marks assigned to questions 
which fall under the Syllabus for the Intermediate Standard ; 
but such Candidates will recetve credit for any question they 
may answer. 


τ. Prove that, if two circles touch either externally or in- 
ternally, the line joining their centres passes through the 
point of contact. 

The circle 4 touches the circle Δ᾽ at the point O (4 being 
internal to .5). A tangent to 4 at any point /, meets δ in 
Rand S; if OP produced meet Z in 7, and OS meet 4 in 
Q, show that ZS is parallel to PQ, and that Ζ᾽ 15 the middle 
. point of SR. 

2. Prove that the areas of similar triangles are in the 
duplicate ratio of their homologous sides. 

POR is a triangle, the angle P being greater than the 
angle Q. <A point S is taken in QA, so that the angle 
RPS is equal to Q. Prove that RQ: RS is in the duph- 
cate ratio of RP: RS. 

3. Show that if a straight line be perpendicular to any 
two non-parallel straight lines in a given plane, it is per- 
pendicular to every straight line in the plane. 

AB, BC, CD, DA, are four straight lines forming a 
quadrilateral which is not in one plane. If 44=CD, and 
BC=AD, show that X, the middle point of BD, is equi- 


186 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 


distant from 4 and C, and that XZ is perpendicular to AC 
(Z being the middle point of 4C). 

4. A grocer buys coffee at 15. 3d. per lb. ; mixes it with 
12 per cent. by weight of chicory which costs 6d. per Ib. ; 
and sells the mixture at 15. 8d. per Ib. How much per 
cent. of profit does he gain ? 

5. Express as a single fraction at its lowest terms :— 

eae (5) x—pt+g #+(pP+q+ 1)xt+ptg 

αὐε(-εφ- ἡ Ὲ2- 9 +(=P-g+t) epg 

Simplify 6- 4 ,/3+ / (τ6--ὃ ,/ 3); and prove that if 
ΞΕ ΕῚ, then αῦξξ 2 τ ΕΊ. 

6. Solve the following equations :— 

1) EE ΞΕ ἘΞΑ ee 
a—-b a+b a-b a+b " 
(11.) (ὁ -- ἃὃ (w+a)>+(c-a) (x +0)? 4 (α -- ὁ) (x +0 =0. 

Additional marks will be given for the reduction of the 
value of x tn (it.) to its simplest form. 

or, as an alternative to (ii.)— 


3x — 4 
Solve Ξε; 


=x? + 25 -- τ ΒΕ explain why = ris nota 


x+1’ 
root. 

7. A settler bought from the Canadian Pacific Railway a 
rectangular tract of forest land, three miles long by two 
miles broad. After the purchase was completed, it was 
agreed, in order to preserve the amenity of the district, that 
the settler should reserve from cultivation a strip of uniform 
breadth all round his property, the Railway Company 
undertaking to run a fence between this strip and the culti- 
vated land, on the understanding that the value of the land 
reserved was to be equal to the cost of the fence. Find the 
breadth of the reserved strip, supposing the cost of a lineal 
yard of fence to be one hundred times the value of a square 
yard of land. 

8. Define sin # and tan é and express each in terms of the 
other. 

5 sin θ-- 3 cos 0 


If 5 tan =4, find the value of sin Dasereasnd 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 187 


“(( +sin ¢)+ /(a—sin 4) 


Show that J(r1+sin 4)— JG -- 5[η 8) 


=cosec d+ cot θ 


I 
~ cosec é—cot & 
9. ABC is a right-angled triangle, C being the right 
angle, A the least angle, and c=AB; D is the mid-point of 
AB, and £ is the foot of the perpendicular from C upon 


AB. Show that the area of the triangle CDE is sin 44. 


The hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle is 2-1469, and 
the least angle of the triangle is 32° 14’ 30’. Calculate the 
length of the perpendicular from the right angle on the 
hypotenuse ; given— 

loge2*T469— "3378118; 
log 9°6874= 9862072; diff. 45 ; 
log sin 32° 14. =1°7270273; diff. 2003 ; 
log cos 32° 14 =1°9273103; diff. 797. 
SECOND PAPER.—1I2 20 1.30 o'clock. 


1. AB is a straight line bisected at C. 20 is any other 
point. State the relation that exists between the distances 
of D from A and 2, and the distances of C from A and DP. 
Prove that this relation holds true when D is outside the 
line 4B. 

If CD be a chord of a circle, Pany point in the diameter 
parallel to CD, Q the middle point of the arc CD, prove 
paar C2 + PD? =2PQ?. 

2. If by a regular polygon, closed or unclosed, be under- 
stood a series of equal straight lines each making the same 
angle with the preceding in the same sense, show that every 
regular polygon, closed or unclosed, may be inscribed in a 
certain circle. 

A, B, C, D, E are consecutive vertices of a regular 
octogon, and DJ is perpendicular to AZ, show that 
triangles 4DM, DEM are similar and AW: ME=1+ 

I 


Wie > 2 


188 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &¢. 


3. Find values for ¢ and d so that «4+ 1249+ 8x?+cr+d 
may be the square of an expression of the form «?+/x. +9. 

Find the G.C.M. of 

3xt+ 5x3 + 6x2 + 3x41, and 2x4-x3—2x+1. 

4. When are a, ὁ, ὦ, d said to be proportional, and when 
are they said to be in continued proportion ? 

If a, ὦ, c,d are in continued proportion, calculate ὁ and 
¢ in terms of a and ὦ. 

If a, ὦ, c, d be in continued proportion, shew that 


Ge Go. 


a 

5. Solve the equation 

αττ Cy ae 
(α -- 1) ( - 2) (στ 1) («+ 2) 
24 Ἐτ 24 --τ 
τῇ ΞΞΟ. 
(w—1)(a+2) (*x+1)(x-2) 

Find all the roots of «?+y?— 2xy = 4, xy” -- xy = 30. 

6. Assuming the formula for expressing sin (4 + 5) and 
cos (4 +B) in terms of sin 4, cos A, sin B, cos B, express 
cos 24 and tan 24 in terms of tan A. 
cos 24 —cos 44 +cos 64 


Show that 74 τοίη gaa sm OM) ye 
: : G+ — a 
7. Show that in any triangle cos d =——T7——* 


ABCDE is the gable of a house, the form of which is a 
rectangle ABDE, surmounted by an equilateral triangle 
BCD. Pisa point in £A produced. If 4P?=a, and the 
angles BPA and CPA be « and f respectively, show that 

tan β -tan a 
AE =2a /3-— tan β᾽ 


FIRST PAPER. 


Tuurspay, 22d April 1896.—9 to 11 o'clock. 


Candidates on the Iligher Standard may obtain FULL 
marks by doing correctly about two-thirds of the questions tn 
each section of this paper: but the Examiners may reject any 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 189 


Candidate who does less than one-quarter of the questions in 
any of the three sections A, 8, C of the paper. 

The pass mark for Intermediate Candidates ts fixed with 
reference to the total number of marks assigned to questions 
which fall under the syllabus of the Intermediate Standard ; 
but such Candidates will receive credit for any question they 
may answer. 


a 


1. An article purchased at 12 per cent. above cost price 
is sold by the purchaser for 5s. 3d., giving him a gain of 124 
per cent. What was the cost price ? 

2. A cubical block of metal 7°8 inches in the edge weighs 
‘75 Ibs. per cubic inch. A hole of square section through 
the cube perpendicular to a face is to be cut so as to leave 
too lbs. of metal in the block. Find to three places of 
decimals the length of the side of the hole. 

24 72 8... 28 
φ5 ΠΝ ay οτδ, find the value of 
(ay—2) (a? —ay) 
xy? — αϑόΣ ; 
4. Factorise— 
(a) 4 (xy—ab)? — (x? + y?— a? — 652), 
B) x*— 50x? + 49. 
ὙΠ EO x£+6 x+10 
ets x47 στ 448° 
6. Solve x?—x+y?—y=18, xy+x+y=109. 
7. Define ratio, and proportion. : 
fiz: 0—=c:d then (245) : (ἢ CS, 
aa GAM abe 


5. solve 


and ifa:4=4:4¢, 
at+b+c:a—b+c=(atb4+ceP:@4+ P42. 

8. A sum of money is divided into two parts in the ratio 
of «:y. A and & divide between themselves the first part 
in the ratio of a@:4 and the second in the ratio of ¢:d. 
What fraction of the whole does each receive? If they 
receive equal amounts find the ratio of x: y. 


190 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &¢. 


Find the condition that ax2+ x +¢ and px? + gx + 7 shall 
have a common factor of the form «+/ 

If x?+3x=a and «?+4x%=5 have a root in common, 
a?— 144+ 40=0. 

B. 

το. To divide a straight line 4 internally in C, so that 
AB'BC shall be equal to the square on AC. 

If BA be produced to B’, so that B'.A= AB prove that 
BC CB=AB-AC. 

11. To inscribe a circle in a given triangle. 

ABC isa triangle with 4B=AC. Show that the circle 
which touches 48, AC in δὶ and C respectively, passes 
through the centre of the circle inscribed in ABC. 

12. ABC isa triangle; AD, which bisects 4, meets BC 
in D, show that B4:AC=BD:DC. Show also that the 
same proportion holds when 4ZD bisects the exterior angle 
at A. 

PQR is a segment of a circle on PR as chord. |S is any 
point in PR. Divide the are PQR into two parts, so that 
the chords of the parts shall have the same ratio to one 
another as PS: SA. 

13. If two straight lines are parallel and one of them is 
perpendicular to a plane so is the other. 

If from a point O outside a plane two straight lines be 
drawn, one, O/, perpendicular to the plane, and the other, 
OR, perpendicular to 2S a straight line in the plane, show 
that P& is perpendicular to AS. 

6: 
2 sin θ cos θ-- οο5 6 
sin 6+ 51η56 -- οοβ9 
ἘΞ 30° - (05 30°) (sin 60° -- cos 60°) 
(sin 60° + sin 45°) (cos 30° — cos 45 ye 

16. Find values of @ which satisfy 2 cos?d+ 3 sin 6=3. 

17. Show how to find the height of a tower standing on 
a horizontal plane when the base is inaccessible. 


14. Verify - - Ξε οοΐ ὁ. 


ΤῈΣ ταν, 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 191 


SECOND PAPER. 
TuHuRsDAY, 27d April 1896.—12 20 2 o'clock. 


Candidates on the Higher Standard may obtain FULL 
marks by doing correctly about two-thirds of the questions in 
each section of this paper: but the Examiners may reject any 
Candidate who does less than one-quarter of the questions in 
any of the three sections A, B, C of the paper. 

The pass mark for Intermediate Candidates is fixed with 
reference to the total number of marks assigned to questions 
which fall under the syllabus of the Intermediate Standard ; 
but such Candidates will receive credit for any question they 
may answer. 

A 

1. A commodity which cost £39, 18s. per cwt. is retailed 
at £6, 6s. per stone, there being a waste of 5 per cent. 
What is the profit per cent. ? 

2. The inland letter rate is 1d. for the first ounce, 4d. 
for the second ounce, and 4d. for every succeeding two 
ounces or fraction of two ounces. Find an expression for 
the postage on a letter whose weight lies between (27-1) 
and 27 ounces. 

3. Show that, when ~ is an integer, a” — 4” is divisible by 
Ω -- ὦ, but that a” + 6” is not. 

Explain why, nevertheless, the numerical value of a” +” 
is divisible by the numerical value of a— ὦ when a= a 
n=, 

4. Find the Greatest Common Measure of 
a? — 4x" + 12x --ο and a? + 2a -- 4x7 + 8x -- 3. 


Cc Ω Co 
ἐστ ip) (~) 
Simplify ( ath (ane: ‘ @ey 
ce Cc 
; arm) (+s) 


5. Solve the following equations :— 
(i.) (35 — 4y +2) (x-5y)=0 \ 
(5 —6y+1) (2xe-3y+1)=0 
{1 J/3e+4- Je+2=2. 
(the positive value to be taken for each of the square roots.) 


192 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 


Explain why one of the two values that make their 
appearance in the solution of (ii.) fails to satisfy the 
equation. 

6. A man about to invest in the δῇ per cents. observed 
that if the price of the stock had been 7} less, he would 
have got 2 per cent. more interest for his money. What 
was the price of the stock ? 

7. If A is proportional to (varies as) B when C is a 
constant, and proportional to C when # is a constant, 
then, when & and C both vary, 4 is proportional to their 
product. 

The volume of a gas is directly proportional to (varies 
as) the absolute temperature, and inversely proportional 
to (varies inversely as) the pressure. A given quantity of a 
gas when the pressure is 15 and temperature 60 has a 
volume of 1 cubic foot. What is its volume when the 
pressure is 20 and the temperature 200 ἢ 


B. 


8. The angle at the centre of a circle is double of the 
angle at the circumference subtended by the same arc. 

Prove that if two circles touch each other externally, and 
parallel diameters be drawn, the straight lines which join 
the opposite extremities of these diameters will pass through 
the point of contact. 

g. Prove that if two triangles are equiangular they are 
also similar. 

ABC and DBC are two triangles of different altitudes 
on the same base; AD is produced to meet the base, 
produced if necessary, in & ; show that 

AE: DE=triangle ABC : triangle DBC. 

το. In a right-angled triangle, if a perpendicular be 
drawn from the right angle to the hypotenuse, that per- 
pendicular is a mean proportional between the segments of 
the hypotenuse. 

The diameter of a circle is a mean proportional between 
the side of the equilateral triangle and the side of the 
hexagon described about the circle. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 193 


11. What is meant by the inclination of a straight line to 
a plane ? 

To draw a straight line perpendicular to a plane from a 
given point out of the plane. 

Prove that equal straight lines drawn from a given point 
out of a plane to the plane are equally inclined to the 


plane. 
ς. 


12. Define the secant and the cosecant of an angle, and 
find the relation between them. 

Prove cosec @ (sec α -- 1) — cot ὦ (1 —cos α) =tan « —sin a. 

13. Prove that in any triangle the sides are proportional 
to the sines of the opposite angles. 

AB isa diameter of a circle; BC, CD two arcs each 
subtending an angle θ at the circumference. 4C cuts the 


chord BD in G. Show that = =tan 6, 


14. Pand Q are two places 1600 yards apart, and 7" is 
a tree visible from each. The angle Z7’PQ is observed to 
Desz3 25, and the angle ΤῸ. 124° 13. Find in yards, 
to 2 decimal places, the distance of the tree from P. 
Given log 2= °*3010300. 
log 3°4768= °5411797. 
log 3°4769= 5411922. 
£sin 55. 47 = 99174619. 
We COSEE 22° 22’ = 10°4196083. 


LOWER STANDARD. 
Mownpay, 30¢h September 1895.—z2 to 5 o'clock. 


1. Define a fraction, and prove from your definition that 
2 of 2=3. 
ὍΤΙ 


ofa half-sovereign, 


5 2: . 
Add together = 5. οἵα sovereign, 
1200 


q 45 +H of 3'5 

4°5—# Of 3°5 
press the sum as a decimal fraction of a guinea. 
N 


9375 Of a shilling, an of a penny; and ex- 


194 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 


2. A and # enter into partnership in a commercial 
venture, 4 investing therein £5000, and B £3000. They 
agree that at the end of each year they shall draw from the 
profits 4 per cent. on the amounts they have respectively 
invested, as interest on capital, that 2 shall receive in addi- 
tion 20 per cent. of the total profits for acting as manager, 
and that the remainder of the profits shall then be divided 
equally between them. If in a certain year 4 received in 
all £750, what did B receive ἢ 

3. A field is in the form of a rectangle whose length is 
double its breadth, and its area is 543? acres. Find the 
cost of enclosing the field with a fence which cost 9d. per 
lineal yard. 

4. Resolve 625. — 4y? (25x -- 12y)? into four factors. 

Find the remainders on dividing the expressions +? + 
(2+ 1) x«+(m+2) and «?+(/+12) «—2m respectively by 
x-—1. Deduce the numerical values of 7 and m for which 
these expressions are both divisible by x — τ. 

5. Reduce to their simplest forms :— 


(jae an ee 24: — 3 


x(ge—y 24(30-4v* (gx —y) (5049) 


a ἃ ὭΣ 
SC es <=> 1) 
(1i.) Γ 5) (: Ἔ 
OS ek ee 
τρία (1) (2-3) 
(, 2) ΔΩ͂ a 


6. Distinguish between an equation and an identity, and 
give examples. 
Define a root of an equation, and prove that an equation 
of the first degree in x has one, and only one, root. 
Solve the equation— 
x+a x4+0 
2at+b + at2b~ es 


sy CI LY 2 afagh) 
(i. pit fae peau )(α -- ὁ). 
9555 See ee 


Bil NOIR e 2: 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 195 


8. If the cost of 7 lbs. of coffee be equal to that of 5 lbs. 
of tea, andif 6 lbs. more of coffee than of teacan be bought 
for £1, 15s., what is the price per Ib. of the tea ἢ 

9. If in the triangles d8C and DEF the angles B, C be 
equal respectively to the angles £, / and the side AB be 
equal to the side DZ, prove that the triangles are equal in 
every respect. 

The bisector of the angle 4 in a triangle ABC meets 
BC in YD. Show that if 42 be greater than AC, then BD 
is greater than CD. 

το. Prove that the square on the hypotenuse of a right- 
angled triangle is equal to the sum of the squares on the 
sides containing the right angle. 

Show that in a right-angled triangle twice the sum of the 
squares°on the three medians (the straight lines drawn 
from the vertices to the middle points of the opposite 
sides) is equal to three times the square on the hypotenuse. 

11. To construct a square equal in area to a given 
rectangle. 

Divide a given straight line into two segments such 
that the sum of their squares shall be equal to a given 
area. 

12. If a chord AZ of a circle be produced to any point 
C, prove that the rectangle C4, CB is equal to the square 
on the tangent drawn from C to the circle. 

Q is a fixed point in the plane of a circle, 4 is any point 
on the circumference of the circle, and 47 is the tangent 
to the circle at the point 4. Show that the circle passing 
through Q and 4, and having its centre on the line 4P, 
passes through another point which is fixed whatever be 
the position of A. 

Or as an alternative to the latter part of the question— 

POR and XQ VZ are respectively a diameter and a chord 
of a circle at right angles to each other. PYS and RS are 
other chords of the circle. Prove that the rectangle 
PR-PQ is equal to the rectangle 2.5. Y. 


196 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 


LOWER STANDARD. 
Monpay, 30/4 March 1896.—2 to 5 o'clock. 


Candidates may obtain FULL marks by doing correctly 
about two-thirds of the questions in each section of this paper. 
But the Examiners may reject a Candidate who does less than 
one-quarter of the questions in any of the sections A, B, C. 
A. 
1. (α) Prove that a number is divisible by 4 if the last 
two digits are 
(8) 33333 when divided by a certain number less than 
1000 leaves a remainder 513. Find the number. | 
2. Simplify— | 
51- (29 of 22) + 188 x 
77 οὐ ἢ + (625 + 32! ἢ 


. Find the difference between ~~ an 935. 
1365 N° 2295 
4. A map of a level country is drawn on a scale of 4 
miles to an inch. What area, to the nearest acre, is repre- 
sented by a square portion +46 of an inch in the side ? 
5. A man possesses £8700 in the 2} per cents. What 
is his nett income therefrom when the income tax is at 6d. 


per 4? 
B. 


6. Divide 4x° — 172° + 6x7 — 2x2 4+ 7x -- 4x4- 2 
by 22° — 5x3 + 2x7 -- 3x +2. 
7. Factorise— 
a? — 3a(2b + 3c) — 4(26 + 3¢). 
5x? -- [7-Ὁ 156) -- 214. 
8. If y be the G.C.MZ. of two algebraical expressions 4 
and 2, their Z.C.4Z. = A.B + y. 
If x+cbe the σ΄. Ο. 7. of «2 + pxt+g and «?+7x« +5, their 
L.C.M. is x°+(p+r—c)x?+ (pr-e)x+(p—o) (7-06 
9. Simplify— 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &c. τοῦ 


10. Solve— 
pares 6.x 22— 8% - 
O25 75 MES ge bed OR “eS 
15 -- 2% 24 5 τὸ 

11. Solve— 


x+y=2a; (2a—-6)x°4+(2a+ db)? = 4α5, 
I 6 


2 
τ οῖϊνε--  -- ΞΞ : 
2N-3 X-2 3x+2 


13. In ten years A will be twice as old as B was to 
years ago. A is 9 years older than &. Find their ages 
now. 

(: 

14. ABC, XYZ are two triangles with 43.5--- Χ Ύ , BC= 
YZ and angle G=angle Y. Prove that the triangles are 
equal in every respect. 

ABCD is a quadrilateral with 4B = DC and angle DAB 
equal to angle dDC. Prove that the angle 44C is equal 
to the angle DCB. 

15. Show that the straight line joining the mid points of 
two sides of a triangle is equal to half the base and parallel 
to it. 

The quadrilateral formed by joining the middle points of 
adjacent sides of a quadrilateral is a parallelogram equal to 
half the area of the original quadrilateral. 

16. If d&CD be four points in a straight line so that 
AC=C8& and AD is less than DB, show that the square 
on AC diminished by the square on DC is equal to the 
rectangle contained by 4D and 2. 

Show by the above proposition that of all rectangles with 
the same perimeter the square has the greatest area. 

17. Define a tangent to a circle. 

The straight line drawn at right angles to a diameter of a 
circle at its extremity does not cut the circle. 

If two circles touch externally at / and a common 
tangent meets them at 4 and # respectively the angle APB 
is a right angle. 

18. The opposite angles of a quadrilateral inscribed in a 
circle are together equal to two right angles. 


198 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 


A quadrilateral whose opposite angles are together equal 
to two right angles can be inscribed in a circle. 

ABC is a triangle inscribed in a circle. D&B, AEF are 
chords parallel to the opposite sides of the triangle. Show 
that £D is parallel to the tangent at C. 

FRENCH. 
FIRST PAPER. 
TurEspDAy, 1st October 1895.—3 to 4.30 o'clock. 

Translate into French :— 

(a) In America we know Roscoe only as the author—in 
Liverpool he is spoken of as the banker ; and I was told of 
his having been unfortunate in business. I could not pity 
him as I heard some rich men do. I considered him far 
above the reach of my pity. ‘Those who live only for the 
world, and in the world, may be cast down by the frowns of 
adversity: but a man like Roscoe is not to be overcome by 
the mutations of fortune. ‘They do but drive him in upon 
the resources of his own mind, to the superior society of his 
own thoughts, which the best of men are apt sometimes to 
neglect, and to roam abroad in search of less worthy asso- 
ciates. ‘The solitude of such a mind is its state of highest 
enjoyment. It is then visited by those elevated meditations 
which are the proper aliment of noble souls, and are like 
manna sent from heaven in the wilderness of this world. 

(ὁ) He was ordered to take plenty of exercise. He has 
been a soldier almost all his life. Do you think his word 
can be relied upon? He had ordered everybody to be ready 
to start at five o’clock in the morning. You have no more 
cause to be pleased than we have. You must put on your 
hat ; you should never go out without it. 


SECOND PAPER. 
~  THurRspDAY, 37d October 1895.—3 to 5 o'clock. 
I. Translate into English :— 
(a) De ses Mémoires M. de Chateaubriand a fait et a da 


faire un poeme. Noble vie, magnanime destinée, 4 coup 
sfir, que celle qui se trouve tout naturellement et comme 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees tn Arts and Science, &¢. 199 


forcément amenée ἃ produire l’epopée de son siecle en se 
racontant elle-méme, tant elle a été mélée ἃ tout, ala nature, 
aux catastrophes, aux hommes, tant son role extérieur a été 
grand, bien qu'elle ait gardé plus dun mystére! Oh! quand 
je m’échappe quelquefois ¢ ἃ parler du factice inévitable des 
roles humains ; quand j'ai Yair de me plaire ἃ ἃ la pure realité, 
ce nest pas que je me dissimule les mistres et les petitesses 
de celle-ci, ce n’est pas que je méconnaisse le mérite et la 
force des entreprises. En présence surtout de l’ceuvre et de 
la vie de M. de Chateaubriand, j’ai senti combien il sied a la 
faculté puissante, au génie, d’enfanter de longues espérances, 
_de se proposer de grands buts, d’épouser d’immenses causes. 
A trente ans, d’ordinaire, le premier cours naturel de la 
jeunesse s’affaiblit. A s’en tenir au point de vue de la 
stricte realité, on sait déja les inconvénients de toute chose, 
le néant des amitiés, les revers des enthousiasmes, l’insuffis- 
ance des doctrines stoiques et altitres. Si lon demeure a 
ce point de vue stérile, il n’est aucune raison pour se remuer 
davantage, et l’on cesse toute action confiante et suivie a 
Page méme ot le génie déploie la sienne. 
SAINTE-BEUVE. 
(ὁ) Le temps, qui change tout, change aussi nos humeurs ; 
Chaque age a ses plaisirs, son esprit et ses mceurs. 
Un jeune homme, toujours bouillant dans ses caprices, 
Est prompt ἃ recevoir l’impression des vices, 
Est vain dans ses discours, volage dans ses désirs, 
Rétif ἃ la censure, et fou dans les plaisirs. 
L’Age viril, plus mfr, inspire un air plus sage, 
Se pousse auprés des grands, s’intrigue, se ménage, 
Contre les coups du sort songe ἃ se maintenir, 
Et loin dans le présent regarde l’avenir. 
La vieillesse chagrine incessament amasse, 
Garde, non pas pour soi, les trésors qu'elle entasse, 
Marche en tous ses desseins d’un pas lent et glacé, 
Toujours plaint le présent et vante le passé ; 
Inhabile aux plaisirs dont la jeunesse abuse, 
Blame en eux les douceurs que l’age lui refuse. 
BoILEAu. 


200 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c, 


II. GRAMMAR :— 


1. Explain in the above prose passage: (a) the use of 
gue in “‘que celle qui se trouve”; (4) the Subjunctive in 
““ce n’est pas que je méconnaisse.” Mention some con- 
junctions, besides dzen gue (bien gwelle ait gardé), which 
always govern the Subjunctive, and others which govern the 
Subjunctive under certain circumstances. Illustrate these 
circumstances by a few examples. 

2. Distinguish between savant and sachant ; ailleurs and 
@ailleurs ; puts and alors (English then) ; quitter and laisser 
(English Zeave). Form sentences to illustrate your answers. 

3. State the different ways in which the English preposi- 
tion Zo, before an Infinitive, can be rendered into French, 
and translate the following sentences :—He is too old to 
work. ‘This is difficult to believe. It is difficult to believe 
him. I hope to see you again to-morrow. I did it to please 
him. 

4. State when the Definite Article is omitted with the 
names of countries, and when itds used with the names of 
persons. 

111. PHILOLOGY AND LITERATURE :— 

(Only one of the following questions to be attempted.) 

1. Explain etymologically the form and meaning of any 
ten of the following words :—plaisir, beaucoup, mfr, em- 
portement, age, volage, avenir, chaque, loisir, néant, puis- 
sance, blamer, aucun, aujourd’hui, monsieur. 

2. Explain how the Latin me has produced the two dif- 
ferent French forms me and moz , why substantives in -age 
are generally of the masculine gender, and why cage, cage, 
rage, &c., form exceptions. 

3. Discuss the influence of Boileau on French literature. 

4. Give a brief description and criticism of any French 
novel you have read, and say what you know about the 
writer and his literary importance. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, ὅς. 201 


FIRST PAPER. 
TUESDAY, 219} March 1896.—3 ¢o 4.30 o'clock. 


Translate into French :— 

(a) To say the truth, the public never act more wisely 
than when they act most liberally in the distribution of their 
rewards ; and then the good they receive is often more to 
be considered than the motive from which they receive it. 
Example alone is the end of all punishment and rewards. 
Laws never inflict disgrace in resentment, nor confer honour 
from gratitude. ‘‘ For it is very hard, my lord,” said a con- 
victed felon at the bar to the late excellent Judge Burnet, 
“to hang a poor man for stealing a horse.” ‘You are not 
to be hanged, sir,” answered my honoured and beloved 
friend, “ for stealing a horse, but you are to be hanged that 
horses may not be stolen.” In like manner, it might have 
been said to the late Duke of Marlborough, when Parlia- 
ment was so deservedly liberal to him after the battle of 
Blenheim: “ You receive not these honours and bounties 
on account of a victory past, but that other victories may be 
obtained.” — FIELDING. 

(ὁ) τ. If I had been afraid that he would come, I should 
have stayed at home. 

2. He was asked whether it was true, and he said no. 

3. There is nobody but knows him, and knows him to be 
honest. 

4. It is a week since I last spoke to him. 

5. I shall do what you please. 

6. I do not believe that anybody could say I had deceived 
him. 

7. The few letters which I have made her write are lost. 

8. French is perhaps more easily learnt than you may 
have thought. 

SECOND PAPER. 


Tuursbay, 27d April 1896.—3 to 5 o'clock. 


I. Read the following and translate into English from A 
chaque pas :— 


202 Preliminary Papers for Degrees tn Arts and Science, &c. 


(a) C’était une chambre, ou pour mieux dire un grand 
cabinet complétement entouré de hautes boiseries du com- 
mencement de Louis Quinze, autant du moins que j’en pus 
juger par leur ensemble; car les détails de l’ornementation 
disparaissaient complétement sous un amas de toiles d’araig- 
nées couvertes de poussitre et tombant en certains endroits 
comme les lambeaux d’un drapeau mutilé. A chaque pas 
que je faisais, le plancher semblait vouloir s’effondrer. La 
chambre était d’ailleurs dans un état prodigieux de désordre 
et de dévastation. Non seulement les souris et les rats 
avaient rongé les couvertures du lit, éventré les matelas, 
dévasté les coussins, mais les chouettes, se frayant un pas- 
sage entre les planches qui bouchaient la fenétre, avaient 
élu domicile dans cette chambre abandonnée. ‘Tout cela 
faisait peine a voir. Quelques fragments de rideaux pen- 
daient encore le long du mur et autour du mur, tandis que 
d’autres loques (vags) se confondaient avec les ordures qui 
recouvraient le plancher d’une couche épaisse et grisatre. 
Deux chaises d’une forme charmante et recouvertes de tapis- 
series des Gobelins gisaient 4 terre, renversées, ἃ moitié 
brisées ; les tiroirs d’une jolie commode ἃ cuivres finement 
ciselés étaient restés ouverts. Dans une de ces petites 
toilettes Louis Quinze, dont le dessus s’ouvre en trois 
parties, on voyait les peignes et les brosses, la boite a 
poudre, des ciseaux ἃ ongles déformés par la rouille, deux 
petits étuis encore pleins de longues épingles, a terre, auprés 
de la toilette, les fragments d’un admirable pot a eau en 
vieux saxe.—C’était la confusion qui suit un départ préci- 
pité.— Droz. 

(2) Lorsque le laboureur, regagnant sa chaumitre, 
Trouve le soir son champ rasé par le tonnerre, 
I] croit d’abord qu’un réve a fasciné ses yeux, 
Et, doutant de lui-méme, interroge les cieux. 
Partout la nuit est sombre, et la terre enflammée. 
Il cherche autour de lui la place accoutumée 
Ou sa femme l’attend sur le seuil entr’ouvert ; 
Il voit un peu de cendre au milieu d’un désert, 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 20 


ion) 


Ses enfants demi-nus sortent de la bruyére, 
Et viennent lui conter comme leur pauvre mere 
Est morte sous le chaume avec des cris affreux : 
Mais maintenant au loin tout est silencieux. 
Le misérable écoute et comprend sa ruine. 
Il serre, désolé, ses fils sur sa poitrine ; 
I] ne lui reste plus, s’il ne tend pas la main, 
Que la faim pour ce soir et la mort pour demain. 
Pas un sanglot ne sort de sa gorge oppressée : 
Muet et chancelant, sans force et sans pensée, 
I] s’asseoit ἃ l’écart, les yeux sur Vhorizon ; 
Et, regardant s’enfuir sa moisson consumée 
Dans les noirs tourbillons de I’épaisse fumée, 
L’ivresse du malheur emporte sa raison. 

A. DE MUSSET. 


II. GRAMMAR. 

1. Translate any four of the following :— 

(2) Whom have we lost >—The friend whom we have lost. 

(ὁ) What do we lose >—What we lose is nothing. 

(ὦ Of whom did they speak ?—The ladies of whom they 
had spoken. 

(4) Whose letter is this?—The girl whose letter you have 
read. 

(e) Which is your brother?—He does not believe it, 
which is strange. 

2. Translate any fowr of either a or ὁ. 

(a) He arrived before his sister. We stood before the 
king. I knew him before. I knew it before(hand). Don’t 
go before he comes back. 

(ὁ) Some day, any day, any two days, either day, neither 
day. 

3. Translate any four of the following :—He came, (a) 
after having seen me; (4) after my having seen him; (ὦ 
after he had seen me; (4) after I had seen him; (e) in 
order to see ; (f) in order that he might see me; (g) in 
order that I might see him. 

4. Account for the agreement or non-agreement of the 


264 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 


past participles in the following phrases :—(a) Ils se sont 
blessé les doigts ; (4) ils se sont blessés ἃ la téte; (c) les 
larmes qu’ils nous ont vus verser ; (2) les paroles que je lui 
ai entendu dire; (e) les chansons que j’ai entendu chanter ; 
(7) les dames que j’ai entendues chanter ; (9) les livres que 
nous avions commencé ἃ lire; (1) des actions que je les ai 
entendus louer. 

5. Translate any four of the following, using French verbs 
for English adverbs :—We had just dined. I would rather 
die. You must first read it. He will see it at last. She 
almost fell. She was about to sing. 


III. PuitoLocy AND J.ITERATURE. 
(Only ONE question to be attempted.) 


1. Give French verbs formed from, or containing the root 
of, any fen of the following: bras, beau, nu, néant, prix, 
court, noir, franc, lent, tu, peau, sang, rang, cher, haut. 

2. Give substantives corresponding to any ¢ex of the fol- 
lowing; frais, médire, niais, peser, sot, seul, sale, amer, 
ouvert, méchant, cruel, faillir, oublier, guérir, louer. 

3. Give adjectives corresponding to any /ez of the follow- 
ing : peur, mois, printemps, terre, ciel, pluie, monde, orateur, 
université, pudeur, téte, nuit, jour, seigneur, diner. 

4. Give the etymology of any ¢ez of the following: bon- 
heur, hélas, coup, charme, aussi, encore, dame, mais, rien, 
dimanche, semaine, droit, meunier, monsieur, aprés-midi. 

5. Compare Corneille and Racine as dramatists. 

6. Say wherein lies the excellence of La Fontaine’s fables, 
and comment upon any one of them that you may re- 
member. 

GERMAN. 


FIRST PAPER. 
WEDNESDAY, 22d October 1895.—3 to 4.30 O'clock. 


Translate into German :— 
(a) His horse was a splendid swimmer and able to stand 
a great deal of work. He would try to save some of the 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &c. 205 


poor sailors. So he seated himself firmly in the saddle and 
rode into the water. The crowd looked on breathlessly. 
Horse and rider seemed swallowed up for a moment by the 
terrible waves, but at last the horse was seen striking out 
boldly. They reached the wreck, and the old man came 
back to shore with a man holding on to each of his feet, 
the noble horse pulling them along gallantly. Seven times . 
back and forward they went, and so brought fourteen men 
safely ashore. But the eighth time the old man was swept 
from the horse’s back by a gigantic wave. The horse 
managed to swim ashore, but his brave master was never 
seen again. 

(6) He was at last thought out of danger. ‘This is not 
the volume I wanted you to bring me. Not having found 
him, I went there the next day. He could hardly believe 
his eyes when he saw him in such a condition. He told 
his children that they must talk only when they were spoken 
to. He was greatly amused at being asked such questions. 


SECOND PAPER. 
Fripay, 4¢h October 1895.—-9 Σ τι O'clock. 
I, 


Translate into English :— 


(a) So waren fie nad) und nach auf einen freten Pl ats gelangt, Der zur 
Borftadt hinfiihrte, woant Ende vieler fleiner Bude et groperes Bret: 
tergebainde in die Mugen fiel, das fie faumt erblictten, als etm ohrzervetpendes 
Gebviill ihnen entgegen toute. Die ὃ Uittenungefiunve Dev Dort zur Schau 
ftehenden wilden Tiere fchien herangefonrmen ; der Lowe lies feine Wald. 
und Wiiftenftimme auf’s NKeajftigfte οὔτοι, Die Pyerde fchauderten und man 
fornte der Bemerfung nicht entgeher, wie tr dent frtedliche Wefen und 
Wirfen der gebildeten Welt der Monig dev Winode [( fo furdhtbar 
verfiindige. Zur Bude πάθον gelangt, dnrftem fie dte hunten foloffaleri 
Gemialde nicht itberfehen, die mit Heftigen Farben und fraftigen Bildern 
jene fremden Tiere darjtellten, welche der Friedlidhe Staatsbirrger zu aa 
unuiberwindliche Luft empfinden jollte. Der grimmig ungefeure δ Viger 
jprang auf einen Mohren fog, tm Begriff, ihn δι gerveipen ; ein Lowe 
ftand ernfthaft majeftatifes, als wenn er Feine Bete fetter wwiirdig vor fich 
fehe; andere wunderliche bunte Gefchipfe verdienten neber diejen machtigen 
Iweltiger Mufmertjameéeit. 


206 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 


, Ss Ut wunderbar,” jagte dev wif, 7 DAB Dev Menfd) durd) Sehrect- 
Liches intmtet aufaeregt fein will, Drinnen liegt dev Tiger gany ruhig ἐπ 
jetntem MerFer, und hier ΜΠ} ev getty auf εἴποι Mohren [σα τοι, damit 
niu glaube dergleichen tnwend Dig ebenfalls zu ἔθει. Die guten Menjdyen 
wollen eingefchirchtert fet, unt hinterdrein evft recht 31 νιν wie fein 
UND [δ οὐ fet, fret Wthemt zu holen.” Goethe. 


(ὁ) Die Fiihrer des Lebens, 


Sweiterlet Genien find’ 8, Die Did) durdh’s Leben geleiten. 

Wohl div, wenn fte vereint helfend zur Seite dir ftebhn ! 

Mit erheiterndem Spiel verfiirgt Div Der ete οἷς Metfe, 

Leichter an feinent Mrnt werden div Schickfal und Pflicht. 

Unter Scher; und Gejprach begleitet er bis an die Kluft dich, 

Wo an der Gwigtcit Meer fchaudernd der Sterbliche fteht. 

Hter empfangt dich entfchloffen und ernft und fdhweigend der andere, 

Tragt mit qigantijchent Mri iiber die Ttefe dtc hin. 

Mimumer wide dich einem allein! Bertrane dent erften 

Deine Wide nicht an, ntimimer dem ander dein (ΘΙ ! 

Schiller. 

11. GRAMMAR. 

1. When is of rendered in German by the genitive case? 
When is it omitted, and when is it rendered by yon? Give 
examples. 

2. Explain the difference between fic and felbjt, and 
between wer and welder. Give instances. 

3. How can you ascertain the gender of German nouns 
(4) by their endings, (ὁ) by their meaning ἢ 

4. What influence is exercised on the order of words in 
German by the following words: weil, fondern, bis, {τοἰ ? 
Form one sentence for each case. 

5. Give the meaning and the past participle of the 
following words wiverftehen, iibergefen, unterhalten, beanftragen. 
Mark carefully those verbs which admit of two different 
meanings and two different formations of their past 
participles. 


III. PHILOLOGY AND LITERATURE. 
(Only one of the following questions to be attempted.) 


1. Give the derivation and meaning of: οι, Derzug, 
hoflih, Madden, Gedadchtnis, Mitgift, Erinnerung, eigenfinnig, Guntt, 
widhtiq. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 207 


2. Explain fully how in the course of the development of 
the German language Gie—originally the third person plural 
—came to be used instead of Du and Sgr. 

3. Contrast the literary genius of Schiller and Goethe, 
and describe what you have read of either of them. 

4. Say what you know of the influence exercised by the 
literature of France on that of Germany until the end of 
the eighteenth century. 


FIRST PAPER. 
WEDNESDAY, Ist April 1896.—3 20 4.30 o'clock. 
Translate into German :— 


(a) Having passed the greater part of the morning in 
hearing the Knight’s reflections (remarks), which were partly 
private and partly political, he asked me if I would smoke 
a pipe with him over (bet) a dish of coffee at Squire’s. As I 
love the old man, I take delight in complying with every- 
thing that is agreeable to him, and accordingly waited on 
(accompanied) him to the coffee-house, where his venerable 
figure (ehriviirdige Geftalt) drew upon us the eyes of the whole 
room. He had no sooner seated himself at the upper end 
of the high table, but he called for a clean pipe, a paper 
(Packdhen, n.) of tobacco, a dish of coffee, a wax candle, and 
the Supplement (%bendblatt, n.) with such an air of cheerful- 
ness and good-humour, that all the boys in the coffee-room, 
who seemed to take pleasure in serving him, were at once 
employed on his several errands (ujftrag, m.), insomuch that 
nobody else could come at a dish of tea, till the Knight had 
got all his conveniences (all he required) about him.— 
ADDISON. 

(ὁ) τ. He could not have said so. 2. I told him that he 
ought to have asked me. 3. He is said to have been quite 
wrong. 4. They were told to be quiet. 5. We insisted on 
his leaving the house at once. 6. You must go there before 
—before next week—before he comes back. 7. I should 
like you to read the letter first. 8. Why did you not have 
your hair cut ? 


208 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, Sc. 


SECOND PAPER. 
Fripay, 37d April 1896.—9 Zo τι O'clock. 

I. Translate into English :— 

(2) Sch weif nicht, ob tanjdhende Geifter um dtefe Gegend jehweben, 
oder ob die warme himmtlifehe Phantajie i in meinemt Herzen ift, die mir alles 
rings umber yo paradiefifey macht. Da ift gleic) yor dent Orte ein 
Brunnen, ein Seunnen, an det id) gebannt bin, wie Melufine mit thren 
Schwejtern. —Du geht einen fleinen Hiigel firmer und findeft did) vor 
einem Sewolbe, da wohl gwanzig Stufen hinabgehen, wo unten das flarfte 
Waffer aus Marmorfelfen quillt. Die Fleine Mauer, die ober umber die 
Ginfafjung macht, die holen Baume, die der Plas cings umber bedecten, 
die Mihle des Ortes, das hat alles fo was Anzitgliches, was Shaner: 
liches. Gs vergeht fein Tag, Daf ἰῷ nicht eine Stunde da fige. Da fom- 
men dann die Madden aus der Stadt und fholen Waffer, das harmlofefte 
Sefchaft uud das notigfte, das ehemals die Tédhter der Momige jelbft ver- 
richteten. Wenn ich da fike, fo lebt die patriarchalifche Welt fo Llebhayt 
um mich, wie fie alle, die WUtyater, am gene: Befanntfhajt machen 
und freten, ων wie um die Brunnen und Quellen wobhlthatige Geijter 


fcweben. O, dev mugs nie nach einer iihweten Sommertagswanderung (ὦ 
an des ἘΣ RKirhle αεία δι haben, dev das nicht add fan. 
—Soethe. 


(ὁ) Sehnfucht. 
(58 fchienen fo golden die Sterne, 
Yin Fenjter te einjant ftand, 
Und hsrte aus weiter i 
Gin Pofthorn im feiflent 9 Cand. 
Das Herz mir im Leth entbrennte, 
Da hab’ ich mir heimlich qedadht : 
Ach, wer Da mitretfen fonnte 
Su dev pracdtigen Commernacht ! 
Zwei junge Gefellen gingen 
Voritber am Bergeshang, 
Sch herte tm Wandern fie fingen 
Die ftilfe Gegend entlang : 
Von fhwindelnden Felfenfdliften, 
Wo die Walder raufchen fo facht, 
Von OQuellen, die vor den MLiiften 
Sich ftiirzen in Waldesnacht. 
Sie jangen yon Marmorbildern, 
Bon Garten, dte berm Geftein 
Sn dDammernden Cauben verwildern, 
Palaften tm Mondenschein, 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Sctence, &¢. 209 


Wo dte Madchen am Fenfter Lanjchen, 
Wann der Cauten Klang evwacht, 
Und die Brunnen verfalafen raujchen 
Sit dev prichtigen Conmmernacht. 
—CSidhendorff. 
II. GRAMMAR :—- 
(Answer any FIVE of the following questions.) 


1. Give the genitive singular and the nominative plural, 
adding the definite article and the English meaning, of any 
eight of the following: Soch, Duft, Gee, Scheune, Unterthan, Haufe, 
(δίπουν, Korn, Herd, Ort, Amwalt, Gewalt. 

2. Point out how the double meaning of any four of the 
following affects their gender or declension: Thor, Zoll, Steuer, 
Bauer, Leiter, Heide. 

3. Give comparative and superlative of any fowr of the 
following : bald, gern, ftol;, faut, boshaft, wohl. 

4. Mention four co-ordinative conjunctions (zo of which 
should be adverbial) and ‘wo subordinative conjunctions. 
Form short sentences to illustrate their syntax. 

5. Form short sentences to illustrate the meaning of, and 
the construction (case, or preposition and case) required by, 
any four of the following adjectives: jchuldig, itberlegen, eitel, 
befreundet, begierig, wert. 

6. Form short sentences to illustrate the meaning of, and 
the construction (case, or preposition and case) required by, 
any four of the following verbs: entfagen, folgen, fich bedtenen, 
fich vertragen, wiirfelt, wiirdigen. 


III PHILoLocy AND LITERATURE :— 


(Only one of the following questions to be attempted.) 


1. (a2) From which verbs are formed : Tracht, Kunjt, Stunre, 
Zitgel, Gefchichte ? . 

(ὁ) Form substantives from: mégen, retpen, wachjen, trtefen, 
fommmen. ; 

2. (a) Give the English etymological equivalents of /ve of 
the following: MRitéen, nicht, Magen, manch, Roggen, Schaden, toll, 
traurig. : 

(4) Give the German etymological equivalents of five of 

O 


210 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, Sc. 


the following: clean, cheap, beam, edge, weak, midge, slight, 
sore. 

3. Characterise briefly Lessing’s position in German Litera- 
ture ; say in which departments he distinguished himself, 
and describe, if you can, any one of his dramatic characters. 

4. Mention some of the principal works of Klopstock, Wie- 
land, and Herder, and say in how far these authors represent 
foreign influences on German Literature. 


DYNAMICS. 
Fripay, 4th October 1895.—1 to 4 o'clock. 


Take ¢= 32 foot-second units. 
§S3 


τ. State and prove the proposition known as the “ Tri- 
angle of Velocities.” 

A, B, C, D are four given points. Give a geometrical 
construction for the point P such that the resultant of the 
four velocities represented by PA, PB, PC, PD shall be 
zero. 

2. Distinguish between mass and weight. 

Show clearly how it has been established by experiment 
that at a given place on the earth’s surface the weights of 
different bodies are proportional to their masses. 

A cage, containing a mass of roo lbs., is being raised 
vertically from the bottom of a mine, and ascends the first 
too feet in 35 seconds with uniform acceleration. What 
pressure will be exerted between the cage and the mass it 
contains ? 

3. A force of P poundals acts on a mass of 7 Ibs., which 
is initially at rest, and moves it through a space of s feet. 
What is then the momentum of the mass, and what its 
kinetic energy? State clearly in what units your results are 
expressed. 

A force equal to the weight of 3 tons acts for 25 of a 
second on a mass initially at rest. If the momentum thus 
generated were communicated to a stationary mass of 1 
cwt., with what velocity would this mass begin to move ἢ 

4. Show by the principle of Conservation of Energy, or 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 21 


otherwise, that the greatest height that can be reached by a 
body projected with a velocity v in a direction making an 
angle 7 with the horizon is 

vsin*t 


“ὦ 

A mass of 10 lbs. is placed on a smooth plane inclined 
to the horizon at an angle of 30°, and is connected by a 
string passing over a smooth weightless pulley at the top of 
the plane with a mass of 8 lbs. which hangs vertically. If 
the system start from rest, find the velocity of either mass 
when the smaller mass has fallen through a distance of 
24 feet. 

5. Apply the Second Law of Motion to deduce the 
“Parallelogram of Forces” from the ““ Parallelogram of 
Velocities.” 

A uniform sphere, weight ΠΣ is placed on a smooth plane 
inclined to the horizon at an angle z, and is supported by 
a horizontal string attached to a point on its surface. Show 
in a diagram the forces which keep the sphere at rest, and 
prove that the tension of the string is JV tan Ζ. 

6. Show that a system of forces acting ona rigid body 
in one plane can in general be reduced to a single force 
and a couple. 

Deduce the conditions of equilibrium. 

A uniform ladder is placed in a plane perpendicular to a 
rough vertical wall with its upper end in contact with the 
wall, and the lower end on a rough horizontal plane. Being 
given that the wall and the horizontal plane are equally 
rough, and that the ladder cannot rest inclined to the 
vertical at a greater angle than 45°, find the coefficient of 
friction between the ladder and the wall or horizontal plane. 

7. Show how to find the centre of gravity of a body made 
up of two parts whose masses and centres of gravity are 
given. 

A piece of paper, uniform in thickness and material, is in 
the form of a square dBCD ,; O is the centre of the square, 
and £, F are the mid-points of the sides 44, 4D respec- 
tively. The paper is folded across the line ZF so that the 


212 Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &e. 


point 4 coincides with the point O. Find the centre of 
gravity of the paper when so folded. 

8. Distinguish between the total pressure and the result- 
ant pressure of a liquid on a curved surface. 

Give (without proof) the formula for the total pressure 
on any plane surface exposed to the pressure of a liquid. 

A cube, whose volume is tooo cubic centimetres and 
weight 800 grammes, floats in water with four of its edges 
vertical. Find the pressure on the horizontal face of the 
cube which is in contact with the water, and the pressure 
on each of the vertical faces. 

What is the resultant pressure of the water on the cube? 

9. State clearly what experiments you would make in 
order to determine the specific gravity of a solid less dense 
than water, e.g., a piece of cork; and construct a formula 
by which you would calculate the specific gravity of the 
solid from the results of the experiments. 

A solid weighs a grammes in water and ὁ grammes in a 
liquid of specific gravity s. Find the mass of the solid in 
grammes and its volume in cubic centimetres. 

το. State Boyle’s Law, and show how it is verified by 
experiment in the case of common air for pressures greater 
than atmospheric pressure. Why is it necessary to proceed 
slowly in carrying out the experiment? 

A hollow cylinder, 10 feet high, is closed at one end but 
open at the other. It is held with its axis vertical and open 
end downwards, and is then lowered into water until the 
lower end is 29 feet below the surface of the water, when 
half the quantity of air in it is allowed to escape. Assum- 
ing that the height of the water barometer is 33 feet, find to 
what height the water will rise inside the cylinder. 


Fripay, 37d April 1896.—1 10 4 o'clock. 


Candidates may obtain FULL marks by doing correctly 
about two-thirds of the questions set. 
1. If two straight lines 42, CD represent in magnitude 
and direction the velocity of a moving point at two different 
instants, give a geometrical construction for finding a line 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &c. 213 


to represent in magnitude and direction the change of 
velocity from the former instant to the latter. 

At the beginning of an interval a point is moving with a 
velocity of τὸ yards per minute, and during the interval its 
change of velocity is a uniform velocity of τὸ yards per 
minute in a direction which makes an angle of 60° with the 
direction of its initial motion. Find in magnitude and 
direction the final velocity of the point. 

2. Define Momentum, and contrast it with Kinetic 
Energy. 

State Newton’s First Law of Motion. 

A body initially at rest whose mass is 10 is acted on by 
a force which produces in it an acceleration of 9 feet per 
second. What is the momentum of the body at the end 
of one minute after its velocity was 3 feet per second ? 

3. A point has an initial velocity V, and receives uniform 
acceleration g in a direction opposite to the direction of 
motion. Show that if v be the velocity after ¢ seconds, and 
s the space passed over in that time, 

v=V-gt 
s= Vt-tgt? 


A body initially at rest whose mass is 1 Ib. is acted on 
for 8 seconds by a force equal to the weight of two ounces. 
Find (r) the velocity generated, and (2) the space through 
which the body is moved in the time in question. 

4. If f and / are the measures of the same acceleration 
when the unit of time and unit of length are ¢ seconds, 
/ feet, and Z7'seconds, Z feet respectively, find the relation 
between fand /% 

Find the numerical value of g, the acceleration due to 
gravity, when an hour and a mile are the units. 

What approximately must be the unit of length in order 
that the numerical value of the acceleration due to gravity 
may be 100 when the unit of time is 10 seconds ? 

5. Two non-elastic spheres of masses 7 and 21, approach 
each other in a straight line with velocities v and σ΄ respec- 
tively. Find the velocity of the system after impact. 


314 Preliminary Papers for Degrees tn Arts and Science, &¢. 


A non-elastic sphere, 4, of mass 5 and velocity 6 directly 
impinges on another, 4, of mass 3, and the subsequent 
velocity of the system is 3 in the direction of 4’s original 
motion. Find the velocity of 2 before impact. 

6. Prove the formula for a body ascending vertically 
under gravity v?=z?-2gh, explaining what the symbols 
mean. 

A body projected vertically upwards reaches a height ἢ 
in a certain time, and its greatest height in Z’ seconds 
afterwards. If its motion were reversed when at the height 
fi it would reach the ground in 7 seconds. Prove that 
h=3gT". 

7. What is meant by the moment of a force about a 
point? 

The algebraic sum of the moments of two forces meeting 
in a point, about any point in the line of action of the 
resultant is zero. 

A square frame ABCD is free to turn in its own plane 
about a point in 4D. If forces of 1, 2, 3, 4 units respec- 
tively, act along AB, BC, DC, AD, where must the point 
be that there may be no tendency to rotation ἢ 

8. State the Third Law of Motion, and explain it with 
reference to 1° a statical question and 2° a kinetical one. 

Two scale pans each weighing 3 oz. are suspended by a 
weightless string over a smooth pulley. A mass of 12 ΟΖ. 
is placed in the one pan and 6 oz. in the other. Find the 
velocity after one second, the tension on the string, and the 
pressure on the scale pans. 

9. Describe the common balance, stating some of the 
requisites of a good balance, and how each is secured. 

Show how the true weight of a body may be found with 
a balance in which the arms are unequal? 

The beam of an untrue balance is 37 inches long, and 
the apparent weights of an article when placed in the two 
scales are 16 lbs. and 14 lbs. 1 oz. Find the true weight, 
and the lengths of the arms. 

10. Describe the machine known as the Wheel and Axle, 
and find the condition of equilibrium on it. 


Preliminary Papers for Degrees in Arts and Science, &¢. 215 


A capstan 2 feet in diameter is worked by means of 8 
spokes, each projecting 7 feet from the capstan. Three 
sailors are at each spoke, one at the end, the other two at 
distances of 1 foot and 2 feet respectively from the end. 
Each man exerts a pressure of 40 lbs. What is the heaviest 
anchor they can support in air (neglecting the friction on 
the cable) ? 

τι. Find the relation between the power and the weight 
in a system of weightless pulleys, in which each pulley hangs 
in the loop of a separate string, one end of which is attached 
to a separate beam, all the strings being parallel. 

If there be three pulleys arranged as above, each weigh- 
ing 1 lb., find the tensions in the different strings, when the 
weight supported is 17 Ib. 

12. To find the position of the centre of gravity of a plane 
triangle. 

If a straight line be drawn parallel to one of the sides of 
a triangle so as to cut off one-fourth of its area, find the 
centre of gravity of the quadrilateral remaining. 

13. Define a μία. Show that the pressure at any point 
within a heavy incompressible fluid, not exposed to external 
pressure, is proportional to the depth of that point below 
the surface of the fluid. 

Two holes are bored in the flat cover of a vessel full of 
water. Into the one whose area is ὁ square inches there is 
fitted a smooth piston weighing ¢c pounds. Into the other 
is fitted a vertical tube, and water is poured into it. How 
high must the water be made to ascend in the tube that the 
piston may be driven out; a cubic foot of water weighing 
1000 ΟΖ. ἢ 

14. If a body of uniform density floats in a fluid, the 
volume of the part immersed is to the volume of the whole 
body as the specific gravity of the body is to the specific 
gravity of the fluid. 

A piece of cork weighing 2 oz. and of specific gravity 
‘25 is fastened by a string to the bottom of a vessel full of 
water so that the cork is wholly immersed. Find the tension 
of the string. 


216 Examination Papers for First Year Open Bursaries. 


15. If the capacities of the receiver and the barrel of an 
air pump, where there is no untraversed space, be respec- 
tively « and y, investigate the formula for the density of the 
air in the receiver after the 7th ascent of the piston. 

What determines the limit of exhaustion in such an air 
pump? 

If the tube of a barometer extend 36 inches above the 
mercury in the basin, and on account of the presence of air 
above the mercurial column, the instrument stands at 27 
inches when a correct instrument stands at 30 inches, what 
length of tube would the air fill if subjected to atmospheric 
pressure ? 


Additional Examination Papers for First Dear 
Open Hursarics. 
October 1895. 
ENGLISH. 
FRIDAY, 2774 September 1895.—g to 12 o'clock. 


t. Discuss, within the limit of three pages, and with 
strict attention to style, e¢tier of these subjects :— 
Literary Popularity. 
Popular Poetry asa ‘Test of National Character. 
2. Have any passages in Chaucer appeared to you to be 
modern in spirit ? 
Or, 
How does Spenser appeal to the modern lover of poetry ? 
3. What do you know of the early forms of the English 
Drama ? 
Can you suggest any reasons for the decay of the Drama 
in the Eighteenth Century ? 
4. At what times and in what ways was there a marked 
development in the study of (1) Shakespeare, or (2) The 
Ballads ἢ 


Examination Papers for First Year Open Bursaries. 217 


5. Give as full an account as you can of the writings of 
one of the following :—Jonson ; Dryden ; Swift; Tennyson. 

6. To whom, and by whom, have the following epithets 
been applied :— Well of English undefiled ; Sweet Swan of 
Avon; The Great Secretary of Nature; God-gifted organ- 
voice of England ? 

Who are Zhe Poet’s Poet, Glorious John, Namby Pamby, 
and Rantin Rovin Robin ? 

Or, 

Can you name any poems or passages describing any 
Jour of the following subjects:—Music; King Arthur ; 
Liberty; Naval Prowess; London; Morning; The Fire- 
side? Describe briefly any one of the poems or passages 
selected. 

7. Explain the prosodic forms δέω Verse, Heroic 
Couplet, and Lambic Tetrameter, referrmg to any poems 
which you have read. Can you name any poems of the 
Eighteenth Century written in Blank Verse ? 

8. What were the literary dialects of the seventh, tenth, 
and fourteenth centuries? Summarise the causes which 
defined the ultimate standard speech. 

9. Transcribe in modern English ecther of the following 
passages. 


| When phrases are rendered freely, Candidates are requested 
to add footnotes explaining the literal interpretation. | 


(a) Da ongann seo abbudysse clyppan and lufian pa 
Godes gyfe in pzm menn, and heo hine pa monode and 
lzerde, pat he weoroldhad forlete, and munuchade onfenge ; 
and he pzet wel pafode ; and heo hine in pet mynster onfeng 
mid his godum, and hine gepeodde to gesomnunge para 
Godes peowa, and het hine leran pet getal pes halgan 
steres and spelles; and he eall pa he in _ gehernesse 
geleornian mihte, mid hine gemyngade, and swa swa clene 
neten eodorcende in pzet sweteste leod gehwyrfde, and his 
song and his Ἰδοῦ weron swa wynsum to gehyrenne det pa 
sylfan his lareowas zt his mude writon and leornodon, 


218 Examination Papers for First Year Open Bursaries. 


Or, 
(2) Pa wes Vortigernes hired ‘ 
for hehne ihalden. 
Bruttes weoren seeri ᾧ 
for swulchere isihde. 
Nes hit nawiht longe ‘ 
pat ne comen to pan kinge. 
cnihtes sunen uiue £ 
pa ifaren hafden biliue. 
heo sziden to pan kinge: 
neowe tidenden. 
Nu ford-rihtes ‘ 
icumen beoth pa Peohtes (/%cés). 
purh pi loud heo zrned £ 
& heerzied & berned. 
& al pene nord ende‘ 
iuzeld to pan grunde. 
her-of pu most reeden £ 
oder alle we beod dzeden. 
[Notr.—TZhe punctuation of the above extract ts metrical.| 


LATIN. 


SATURDAY, 5¢/ October 1895.—9 10 10.30 O'clock. 
1. Translate into Latin :— 


There can be no more erroneous opinion than that of 
those who believe that the desire of overturning the mon- 
archy produced the civil war, rather than that the civil war 
brought on the former. In a peaceful and ancient kingdom 
like England the thought of change could not spontaneously 
arise. A very few speculative men, by the study of anti- 
quity, or by observation of the prosperity of Venice and 
Holland, might be led to an abstract preference of republi- 
can politics; but at the meeting of this Parliament we have 
not the slightest cause to suppose that any party, or any 
number of persons among its members, had formed what 
must then have appeared so extravagant a conception. 

HatiaM: Fistory of England. 


—— ιυ.υὕ.υ.υδ 


Examination Papers for First Year Open Bursaries. 2τὸ 


2. Translate into English :— 


Nimium ipse est durus praeter aequomque et bonum : 
et errat longe mea quidem sententia, 
qui imperium credat gravius esse aut stabilius 
vi quod fit quam illud quod amicitia adiungitur. 
mea sic est ratio et sic animum induco meum : 
malo coactus qui suom officium facit, 
dum id rescitum iri credit, tantisper pavet : 
si sperat fore clam, rursum ad ingenium redit. 
ille quem beneficio adiungas ex animo facit, 
studet par referre, praesens absensque idem erit. 
hoc patrium est, potius consuefacere filium 
sua sponte recte facere quam alieno metu : 
hoc pater et dominus interest : hoc qui nequit, 
fateatur nescire imperare liberis. 
sed estne hic ipsus, de quo agebam? et certe is est. 
nescio quid tristem video: credo iam, ut solet, 
iurgabit. salvum te advenire, Demea, 
gaudemus. 
TERENCE: Adelphi. 


GREEK. 
SATURDAY, 5¢/ October 1895.—10.30 20 12 o'clock. 


I. Translate :— 


ΑΘ. ὑμῖν μὲν γάρ, εἴπερ Kai μετρίως κατεσκεύασται τὰ τῶν νόμων, εἷς 
τῶν καλλίστων ἂν εἴη νόμων μὴ ζητεῖν τῶν νέων μηδένα ἐᾷν, ποῖα καλῶς 
αὑτῶν ἢ μὴ καλῶς ἔχει, μιᾷ δὲ φωνῇ καὶ ἐξ ἑνὸς στόματος πάντας συμῴφω- 
νεῖν, ὡς πάντα καλῶς κεῖται θέντων θεῶν. 

KA. ὀρθότατά γε, ὦ ξένε, λέγεις, καὶ καθάπερ μάντις ἀπὼν τῆς τότε 
διανοίας τοῦ τιθέντος αὐτὰ νῦν ἐπιεικῶς μοι δοκεῖς ἐστοχάσθαι καὶ σφόδρα 
ἀληθῆ λέγειν. 

ΑΘ. οὐκοῦν ἡμῖν τὰ νῦν ἐρημία μὲν νέων, αὐτοὶ δ᾽ ἕνεκα γήρως ἀφείμεθ᾽ 
ὑπὸ τοῦ νομοθέτου διαλεγόμενοι περὶ αὐτών τούτων μόνοι πρὸς μόνους μηδὲν 
ἂν πλημμελεῖν 5 

ΚΛ. ἔστι ταῦτα οὕτως, εἰς ἃ καὶ μηδέν γε ἀνῇς ἐπιτιμῶν τοῖς νόμοις 
ἡμῶν" οὐ γὰρ τό γε γνῶναί τι τῶν μὴ καλῶν ἄτιμον, ἀλλὰ ἴασιν ἐξ αὐτου 
συμβαίνει γίγνεσθαι τῷ μὴ φθόνῳ τὰ λεγόμενα ἀλλ᾽ εὐνοίᾳ δεχομένῳ. 


220 Examination Papers for First Year Open δεγεαγῖες. 


ΑΘ. καλῶς" οὐ μὴν ἐπιτιμῶν γε ἐρῶ τοῖς νόμοις πω, πρὶν βεβαίως εἰς 
δύναμιν διασκέψασθαι, μᾶλλον δὲ ἀπορῶν. ὑμῖν γὰρ ὁ νομοθέτης μόνοις 
Ἑλλήνων καὶ βαρβάρων, ὧν ἡμεῖς πυνθανόμεθα, τῶν μεγίστων ἡδονῶν καὶ 
παιδιῶν ἐπέταξεν ἀπέχεσθαι καὶ μὴ γεύεσθαι, τὸ δὲ τῶν λυπῶν καὶ φόβων, 
ὅπερ ἄρτι διεληλύθαμεν, ἡγήσατο εἴ τις ἐκ παίδων φευξεῖται διὰ τέλους, 
ὁπόταν εἰς ἀναγκαίους ἔλθῃ πόνους καὶ φόβους καὶ λύπας, φευξεῖσθαι τοὺς ἐν 
ἐκείνοις γεγυμνασμένους καὶ δουλεύσειν αὐτοῖς" ταὐτὸν δὴ To 7’, οἶμαι, καὶ 
πρὸς τὰς ἡδονὰς ἔδει διανοεῖσθαι τὸν αὐτὸν νομοθέτην. 


II. For Greek Prose :- 

Thus having attained a regal dignity to command all, 
which continued as aforesaid, where no other captain’s 
authority endured but one year: he ever kept himself 
upright from bribes and money, though otherwise he was no 
ill husband, and could warily look to his own. As for his 
lands and goods left him by his parents, he did so husband 
them as he thought was his best and easiest way, For he 
sold in gross ever the whole year’s profit and commodity of 
his lands, and afterwards sent to the market daily to buy the 
cates, and other ordinary provision of household. This did 
not like his sons that were men grown, neither were his 
women contented with it, who would have had him more 
liberal in his house ; for they complained of his over hard 
and strait ordinary, because in so noble and great a house 
as his, there was never any great remain left of meat, but all 
things received into the house, ran under account, and were 
delivered out by proportion. 

Life of Pericles: Norvw’s Translation. 


MATHEMATICS. 
SATURDAY, 52 October 1895.—z to 5 o'clock. 


τ. Give the modern definition of similar and similarly 
situated figures; and compare it with Euclid’s definition of 
similarity. 

The sides of a triangle are parallel to fixed straight lines, 
and two of its vertices move on fixed straight lines. Find 
the locus of its third vertex. 

2, Explain the use of the theory of loci in constructing 


Examination Papers for First Year Open Bursaries. 221 


points which are subject to given conditions. As an 
example, discuss the construction of a point which is to be 
equidistant from two given straight lines, and at which two 
given points are to subtend a given angle. 

Find the locus of the centre of a rectangle inscribed in a 
given triangle so that two vertices of the rectangle fall on 
the base of the triangle. 

3. Show that the locus of the centres of all the circles 
which meet two given circles orthogonally is ἃ straight 
line ; and state some of the more important properties of 
this line. 

Show how to construct a circle which has a given radius, 
passes through a given point, and cuts a given circle ortho- 
gonally. 

4. Show how to construct an (71 —1)-gon, having the same 
area as a given v-gon; and point out the application of this 
problem to the quadrature of a rectilinear area. 

Given a quadrilateral, show how to circumscribe about it 
a rectangle having double its area. How many solutions of 
this problem are there ? 

5. Deduce formulae for calculating the radii of the in- 
scribed and escribed circles of any triangle. 

If two circles of radii, 7 and s respectively, tcuch each 
other externally, and ¢ be the radius of the circle which 
touches both the given circles and also touches one of their 
direct common tangents, show that 1//¢=1/ /r+1/ ,/s, 
> S. 

6. Show that the rectangle contained by the diagonals of 
a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the sum of the rectangles 
contained by the two pairs of opposite sides. Prove, by 
means of this theorem or otherwise, that the are of the 
diagonal of a regular pentagon to its side is /5 +1: 

7. Show that the locus of all the points which are har- 
monically conjugate to a given point with respect to a given 
circle is a straight line (Polar Theorem). 

OAB is a diametral chord of a given circle, meeting it in 
A and B, OPO any other chord. Find the locus of the 
intersection of 4P and 4Q. 


222 Examination Papers for First Year Open Bursaries. 


8. Show that a common perpendicular can always be 
drawn to two given straight lines in space. 

Calculate the distance between two opposite faces of a 
regular octohedron, each of whose edges is unity. 

g. Find an expression for the area of the curved surface 
of a right circular cone. 

A cylindrical hole is bored centrically through a sphere. 
Find the ratio of the diameter of the hole to the diameter 
of the sphere when the internal surface of the hole has 
maximum area. 

το. Show that the quadratic function 4x«?+ Bx + C can 
always be resolved into two real linear factors, provided 
B?—4AC>0. What is the condition that the coefficients 
of the factors be rational, 4, 2, C being themselves rational 
numbers ? 


Factorise +? — 2x? — 2x +1; 
(y—2)(x+2y + 22)2 +(s—-x)(2x+y 4+ 22/8 + (α -- }) 
(2x + 2y -Ὁ 2). 
11. Under what circumstances has the system ax + dy=0, 
a'x +6'y=o any solution besides x=0, y=o? What are to 
be regarded as the solutions in the exceptional case? 


If x/(a—’) +y/(6 -- 4) +2/(€- A) =1, 
x/at+y/b+2/c=1, 
a/(a+r) +9/(6+4)+2/(¢+2)=1, 
show that « =a(a?— 22)/(a —6)(a—c). 


12. Trace the graph of the function y=1/(«?—6x + 8), 
and show that it has a finite maximum value. What is its 
minimum value ? 

13. Define carefully the meanings of ἀρὰ, a~™, a’, stating 
all the restrictions necessary to avoid ambiguity and indeter- 
minateness. 

Assuming the laws of indices for positive indices, verify 
that (ab) = "=a 7) 

If x=V(at+ ./b)+ ¥(a— ,/6), show that 

x® — 6ax8 -- (15a? — 276)x3 — 8a Ξε ο. 
14. Show that the Arithmetic, Geometric, and Harmonic 


Examination Papers for First Year Open Bursaries. 223 


means between two positive quantities are in descending 
order of magnitude. 

If the harmonic means between the first and second, 
between the second and third, and between the third and 
fourth of four quantities in Arithmetic progression be also 
in Arithmetic progression, show that the four quantities are 
equal. 

15. If the sum of the digits which express any integer in 
the scale of notation whose radix is ~ be divisible by any 
factor of y—1, show that the integer itself is divisible by 
that factor of ~—1. 

Find all the integers divisible by 5 and by 9, whose digits 
in the scale of 10 are in Arithmetical progression, the 
number of these digits being three. 


HIGHER GEOMETRY FOR WELSH MATHE- 
MATICAL BURSARIES AND KELLAND PRIZE. 


Monpay, 7¢2 October 1895.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


1. If two triangles have one angle of the one equal to 
one angle of the other, their areas are to one another as 
the products of the sides containing the equal angles. 

- The sides of a convex polygon are produced in the same 
direction in a common ratio p, and the extremities are 
joined to form a new polygon. ‘The same is done with the 
sides taken in the opposite direction. Prove that the two 
polygons so obtained are equal in area. 

2. The middle points of the sides of a quadrilateral form 
a parallelogram. 

If the middle points of the sides of a figure of an even 
number of sides be given, then an infinite number of 
polygons can be described satisfying the conditions, if one 
can. 

The middle points of the sides of a quadrilateral form a 
square of side 8. Prove that the minimum value of the 
sum of the squares of the sides is 862, 


224 Examination Papers for First Year Open Bursaries. 


3. Show that the locus of a point from which two circles 
are seen under the same angle is a circle. 

If, in particular, the circles touch externally, and the 
radius of the locus in question is equal to the distance 
between their centres, prove that the line of centres is 
divided in medial section at the point of contact. 

4. If the common tangents to two non-intersecting circles 
be drawn, show that they intersect ΠῚ pairs on the line join- 
ing the centres of the two circles. 

Through a given point on the line of centres of two non- 
intersecting circles, to draw a secant to the circles, such 
that the parts intercepted by the circles are of equal length. 

5. The projections on the sides of a triangle of any point 
on the circumcircle to the triangle are collinear. 

ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, O any point on the 
circumscribing circle.. £, Ὁ, «ἢ, S are the projectionsmor 
O on the sides 4B, BC, etc., respectively. Prove that PQ 
and 2.S meet on AC. Prove also that if 2D be a diameter, 
then /Q is perpendicular to AS. 

6. State and prove Ceva’s Theorem. 

The sides 42 and AC of a triangle 4 AC are divided in 
the ratio p and 1/p respectively, and the lines joining the 
points of section to the extremities of the base meet in O. 
Find the ratio in which AO divides the base. Find also 
the locus of O as p assumes all possible values. 

7. The Inverse of a circle is a circle or a straight line. 

Prove that a system of circles possessing a common 
radical axis in general inverts into a system of coaxal 
circles. What becomes of the old radical axis, and what 
is the new radical axis ἢ 

Show that three non-intersecting circles may be inverted 
into three circles having two common tangents. 

8. The locus of the middle points of a series of parallel 
chords in a conic is a straight line. 

AB is any one of a system of parallel chords of an ellipse, 
divided in the ratio ¢ in the point P. Show, by projection 
or otherwise, that the locus of P is an ellipse concentric 
with the given ellipse, and that tangents at the points 4 


Examination Papers for First Year Open Bursaries. 225 


and P to the respective ellipses meet on the diameter 
conjugate to 4. 

g. The circle round the triangle formed by three tangents 
to a parabola passes through the focus. 

Shew that a point may in general be found such that its 
images in four given lines lie in a straight line. 

το. Shew that the cross ratio of any pencil of four lines 
is constant. 

(«) Given four points in a plane, prove that in general 
an infinity of pencils of four lines can be found to pass 
through them and to form a harmonic pencil. What is the 
locus of the vertex ἢ 

(8) Reciprocate all the statements of («). 

11. Shew that parallel plane sections of a pyramid are 
similar polygons. 

Prove the existence of the centroid of a tetrahedron. 

The centroids of the faces of a tetrahedron are taken as 
the vertices of a new tetrahedron. Shew that this, and the 
original, tetrahedron may be looked on as similar and 
similary situated solids in space, and find their centre and 
ratio of similitude. 

12. Find an expression for the volume of a sphere of 
radius 7. 

Find the volume of the largest ball that can be carved 
out of a mass of stone of the shape of a regular tetrahedron 
of edge equal to one foot. 


226 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


Examination Papers for Ordinary Degree of 
S.A. in 1895-6. 


DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND 
LITERATURE. 


LATIN, 
FIRST PAPER. 


TuEspbAy, 31st March 1896.—g9 ¢o 11 o'clock. 


1. For Latin Prose :— 

The story goes that when Quintus Ligarius was put on 
his trial as an enemy to Cesar, and Cicero appeared as his 
advocate, Czesar said to his friends: ‘ We know beforehand 
that the prisoner is a pestilent fellow and a public enemy. 
what harm can it do to listen once again to a speech of 
Cicero?” But soon he felt himself strangely stirred - by 
Cicero’s opening words, and as the speech proceeded, in- 
stinct with passion and exquisite in grace, one might see 
rapid changes of colour pass over Cesar’s face bearing 
witness to the tide of emotions ebbing and flowing through 
his mind. At length, when the speaker touched on the 
struggle at Pharsalia, Caesar became so agitated that his 
body trembled, and some papers which he was holding 
dropped from his hand. In the end he was carried by 
storm, and acquitted the accused. 


UNSEEN TRANSLATION. 


2. Translate :— 

Ergo, ut ad primum illud revertar, sit orator nobis is, 
qui, ut Crassus descripsit, accommodate ad persuadendum 
possit dicere. Is autem concludatur in ea, quae sunt in 
usu civitatum vulgari ac forensi, remotisque ceteris stu- 
diis, quamvis ea sint ampla atque praeclara, in hoc uno 
opere, ut ita dicam, noctes et dies urgeatur ; imiteturque 


Department of Language and Literature. 227 


illum, cui sine dubio summa vis dicendi conceditur, 
Atheniensem Demosthenem, in quo tantum studium fuisse 
tantusque labor dicitur, ut primum impedimenta naturae 
diligentia industriaque superaret ; quumque ita balbus esset, 
ut elus ipsius artis, cui studeret, primam litteram non posset 
dicere, perfecit meditando, ut nemo planius esse locutus 
putaretur ; deinde quum spiritus eius esset angustior, tan- 
tum continenda anima in dicendo est adsecutus, ut una 
continuatione verborum, id quod eius scripta declarant, 
binae ei contentiones vocis et remissiones continerentur ; 
qui etiam, ut memoriae proditum est, coniectis in os cal- 
culis, summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare 
consuescebat ; neque is consistens in loco, sed inambulans 
atque ascensu ingrediens arduo. MHisce ego cohortation- 
ibus, Crasse, ad studium et ad laborem incitandos iuvenes 
vehementer adsentior; cetera, quae collegisti ex variis 
et diversis studiis et artibus, tametsi ipse es omnia con- 
secutus, tamen ab oratoris proprio officio atque munere 
seluncta esse arbitror. 


SECOND PAPER. 


TuEspay; 31s¢ March 1896.—11.30 20 1.30 o'clock. 


I. Translate with short explanations :— 

(a) non magis audierit quam Fufius ebrius olim, 
cum Ilionam edormit, Catienis mille ducentis 
“mater te appello,” clamantibus. 

(6) “Quinte,” puta, aut “Publi,” gaudent praenomine 

molles 
auriculae “ tibi me virtus tua fecit amicum.” 

(Ὁ) sive Aquilo radit terras seu bruma nivalem 
interiore diem gyro trahit, ire necesse est. 

(4) “Tamdudum ausculto et cupiens tibi dicere servus 
paucareformido.” ‘Davusne?” ‘‘ita, Davus,amicum 
mancipium domino et frugi quod sit satis, hoc est, 
ut vitale putes.” ‘‘age, libertate Decembni, 
quando ita majores voluerunt, utere ; narra” 


228 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


II. (a) Translate without notes :— 
Hic tune Umbricius, “‘ Quando artibus,” inquit, ‘‘honestis 
nullus in urbe locus, nulla emolumenta laborum, 
res hodie minor est, here quam fuit, atque eadem cras 
deteret exiguis aliquid, proponimus illuc 
ire, fatigatas ubi Daedalus exuit alas, 
dum nova canities, dum prima et recta senectus, 
dum superest Lachesi quod torqueat, et pedibus me 
porto meis, nullo dextram subeunte bacillo. 
Cedamus patria: vivant Artorius istic 
et Catulus; maneant qui nigrum in candida vertunt, 
quis facile est aedem conducere, flumina, portus, 
siccandam eluviem, portandum ad busta cadaver, 
et praebere caput domina venale sub hasta.” 
(6) Translate and explain :— 
Lugdunensem rhetor dicturus ad aram. 
2. differt vadimonia praetor. 
2: sic pugnas Cilicis laudabat et ictus 
et pegma et pueros inde ad velaria raptos. 

4. ipse capillato diffusum consule potat. 

5. adpositam nigrae lunam subtexit alutae. 

111. ‘Translate, with short notes on points of law or 
history :— 

(a) is fuit Lucilius Longus, omnium illi tristium laetor- 
umque socius unusque e senatoribus Rhodii secessus comes. 
ita, quamquam novo homini, censorium funus, effigiem 
apud forum Augusti publica pecunia patres decrevere, apud 
quos etiam tum cuncta tractabantur, adeo ut procurator 
Asiae Lucilius Capito accusante provincia causam dixerit, 
magna cum adseveratione principis, non se ius nisi in 
servitia et pecunias familiares dedisse : quod si vim praetoris 
usurpasset manibusque militum usus foret, spreta in eo 
mandata sua : audirent socios. 

(ὁ) at Ῥ. Suillium quaestorem quondam Germanici, cum 
Italia arceretur convictus pecuniam ob rem iudicandam ce- 
pisse, amovendum in insulam censuit, tanta contentione 
animi, ut iure iurando obstringeret e re publica id esse. 

(ὃ Fine anni excessere insignes viri Asinius Agrippa, 


Department of Language and Literature. 229 


claris maioribus quam vetustis vitaque non degener, et Q. 
Haterius, familia senatoria, eloquentiae, quoad vixit, cele- 
bratae : monimenta ingeni eius haud perinde retinentur. 
scilicet impetu magis quam cura vigebat ; utque aliorum 
meditatio et labor in posterum valescit, sic Haterii canorum 
illud et profluens cum ipso simul extinctum est. 

IV. Translate, adding short notes :— 

(1) Neque ante 
Falcem maturis quisquam supponat aristis, 

Quam Cereri, torta redimitus tempora quercu, 
Det motus incompositos et carmina dicat. 

(2) Ergo inter sese paribus concurrere telis 
Romanas acies iterum videre Philippi ; 

Nec fuit indignum superis, bis sanguine nostro 
Emathiam et latos Heemi pinguescere campos. 

(3) Sin armenta magis studium vitulosque tueri, 
Aut fetus ovium, aut urentes culta capellas : 
Saltus, et saturi petito longinqua Tarenti 
Et qualem infelix amisit Mantua campum, 
Pascentem niveos herboso flumine cycnos. 

(4) Hic stupet attonitus rostris ; hunc plausus hiantem 
Per cuneos geminatus enim plebisque patrumque 
Corripuit ; gaudent perfusi sanguine fratrum, 
Exsilioque domos et dulcia limina mutant, 

Atque alio patriam quzerunt sub sole jacentem. 

V. Translate and briefly explain :— 

(1) id vero periculum erat, quod levissimi ex Graecis, qui 
Parthorum quoque contra nomen Romanum gloriae favent, 
dictitare solent, ne maiestatem nominis Alexandri, quem 
ne fama quidem illis notum arbitror fuisse, sustinere non 
potuerit populus Romanus, et adversus quem Athenis, in 
civitate fracta Macedonum armis, cernente tum maxime 
prope fumantes Thebarum ruinas, contionari libere ausi 
sunt homines, id quod ex monumentis orationum patet, 
adversus eum nemo ex tot proceribus Romanis vocem libe- 
ram missurus fuerit ? 

(2) ceterum, id quod haud discrepat, contumacia adversus 
contemnentes humilitatem suam nobiles certavit ; civile 


230 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


ius, repositum in penetralibus pontificum, evulgavit fas- 
tosque circa forum in albo proposuit, ut, quando lege agi 
posset, sciretur ; aedem Concordiae in area Vulcani summa 
invidia nobilium dedicavit, coactusque consensu populi 
Cornelius Barbatus pontifex maximus verba praeire, cum 
more maiorum negaret nisi consulem aut imperatorem posse 
templum dedicare. 
VI. Epitomise the course of the war with Pyrrhus, and 
consider its effect on Roman supremacy in Italy. 
Or, 
Give a short sketch of the various attempts at agrarian 
legislation up the end of the second Punic War. 
VII. Compare Horace and Juvenal in respect of the spirit 
and method of their Satire. 
Or, 
Criticise the merits and defects of Tacitus as a political 
historian. 
GREEK. 


FIRST PAPER. 


WEDNESDAY, Is¢ April 1896.—g to 11 O'clock. 


I. For Greek Prose :— 


Aratus the Sicyonian, in the childhood of our author, was 
the chief of the Achazan commonwealth ; a man in principal 
esteem, both in his own country and in all the provinces of 
Greece ; admired universally for his probity, his wisdom, 
his just administration, and his conduct ; in remembrance 
of all which his grateful countrymen, after his decease, 
ordained him those honours which are only due to heroes. 
Him our Polybius had in veneration, and formed himself 
by imitation of his virtues, and is never wanting in his 
commendations through the course of his history. Yet 
even this man, when the cause of truth required it, is 
many times reproved by him for his slowness in council, 
his tardiness in the beginning of his enterprizes, his tedious 
and more than Spanish deliberations ; and his heavy and 
cowardly proceedings are as freely blamed by our Polybius, 


Department of Language and Literature. 231 


as they were afterwards by Plutarch, who questionless drew 
his character from this history. 


II. For Unseen Translation :— 

AD. φέρ᾽ εἰπὲ viv, τότ᾽ οἶσθα παῖδά jor rive 
δούς, ὡς ἐμαυτῷ θρέμμα θρεψαίμην ἐγώ; 

ΘΕ. τί δ᾽ ἔστι; πρὸς τί τοῦτο τοὔπος ἱστορεῖς ) 

AT. ὅδ᾽ ἐστίν, ὦ τῶν, κεῖνος ὃς τότ᾽ ἦν νέος. 

OE. οὐκ εἰς ὄλεθρον ; οὐ σιωπήσας ἔσει ; 

OI. &, μὴ κόλαζε, πρέσβυ, τόνδ᾽, ἐπεὶ τὰ σὰ 
δεῖται κολαστοῦ μᾶλλον ἢ Ta τοῦδ᾽ ἔπη. 

OE. τί δ᾽, ὦ φέριστε δεσποτῶν, ἁμαρτάνω ; 

OI. οὐκ ἐννέπων τὸν raid? ὃν οὗτος ἱστορεῖ, 

OE. λέγει γὰρ εἰδὼς οὐδέν, KAN ἄλλως πονεῖ 

ΟΙ. σὺ πρὸς χάριν μὲν οἷκ ἐρεῖς, χλαίων δ᾽ ἐρεῖς. 

ΘΕ. μὴ δῆτα, πρὸς θεῶν, τὸν γέροντώ͵ w αἰκίσῃ. 

ΟΙ. οὐχ ὡς τάχος TIS τοῦδ᾽ ἀποστρέψει χέρας; 

OE. δύστηνος, ἀντὶ τοῦ ; τί “προσχρήζων͵ μαθεῖν; 

OI. τὸν παῖδ᾽ ἔδωκας τῷδ᾽ ὃν οὗτος Ἱστορεῖς 

ΘΕ. ἔδωκ᾽. ὀλέσθαι δ᾽ ὥφελον τῇδ᾽ ἡμέρῳ. 

OI. ἀλλ᾽ εἰς 760? ἥξεις μὴ λέγων γε τοὔνδικον. 

OE, πολλῷ γε μῶλλον, ἢν φράσω, διόλλυμαι. 


" 


OL ἁνὴρ ὅδ᾽, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἐς τριβὰς ἐλᾷ. 
SOPH., Oecd. Tyr., 1142-1160. 


SECOND PAPER, 


WEDNESDAY, Ist April 1896.—11.30 fo 1.30 o'clock. 


I. Translate :— 


τὸν δ᾽ ὁ γέρων ἸἹΤρίαμος πρῶτος ἴδεν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν 
παμφαίνονθ᾽ ὥς τ᾽ ἀστέρ᾽ ἐπεσσύμενον πεδίοιο, 
ὅς ῥά τ’ ὀπώρης εἶσιν, ἀρίζηλοι δέ οἱ αὐγαὶ 
φαίνονται πολλοῖσι μετ᾽ ἀστράσι νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ, 
ὅν τε κύν᾽ ᾿᾽Ωρίωνος ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν" 
λαμπρότατος μὲν ὅ γ᾽ ἐστί, κακὸν δέ τε σῆμα τέτυκται 
καί τε φέρει πολλὸν πυρετὸν δειλοῖσι βροτοῖσιν" 
ὡς τοῦ χαλκὸς ἔλαμπε περὶ στήθεσσι θέοντος. 
ὦμωξεν δ᾽ ὁ γέρων, κεφαλὴν δ᾽ 6 ye κόψατο χερσὶν 


232 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


boo’ ἀνασχόμενος, μέγα δ᾽ οἰμώξας ἐγεγώνει 
λισσόμενος φίλον υἱόν" ὁ δὲ προπάροιθε πυλάων 
ἑστήκει, ἄμοτον μεμαὼς ᾿Αχιλῆι μάχεσθαι" 

τὸν δ᾽ ὁ γέρων ἐλεεινὰ προσηύδα χεῖρας ὀρεγνύς. 


Write short notes on the syntax of the words underlined. 
Scan :—(1) ἔσσοντ᾽. ἄλλοι γάρ οἱ ἀπουρίσσουσιν ἀρούρας. 
(2) αἰόλαι εὐλαὶ ἔδονται, ἐπεί κε κύνες κορέσωνται. 
Explain the forms ἠείδης, γοόωσα, βείομαι, ἔδεσκε, δειδέχατο ; 
and the meaning Οἱ ὠμφιθαλής, εἰνατέρες, ἐπιδώμεθα, ὀαριζέμεναι, 
φοβήσομαι. 
II. (1) Translate :-- 
ἥξειν νομίζεις παῖδα σὸν γαίας ὕπο" 
καὶ τίς θανόντων ἦλθεν ἐξ “Αἰδου πάλιν ; 
ἀλλ᾽ ὡς λόγοισι τόνδε μαλθάξαιμεν ἄν ; 
ἥκιστα" φεύγειν σκαιὸν ἄνδρ᾽ ἐχθρὸν χρεών, 
σοφοῖσι δ᾽ εἴκειν καὶ τεθραμμένοις καλῶς" 
ῥᾳον γὰρ αἰδοῦς ὑποβαλὼν φίλ᾽ ἂν τύχοι“. 
ἤδη δ᾽ ἐσῆλθέ μ᾽ εἰ παραιτησαίμεθα 
φυγὰς τέκνων τῶνδ᾽ " ἀλλὰ καὶ τόδ᾽ ἄθλιον, 
πενίᾳ σὺν οἰκτρᾷ περιβαλεῖν σωτηρίαν, 
ὡς τὰ ξένων πρόσωπα φεύγουσιν φίλοις 
ὃν juap ἡδὺ βλέμμ᾽ ἔχειν φασὶν μόνον. 
τόλμα μεθ᾽ ἡμῶν θάνατον, ὃς μένει σ᾽ ὅμως. 
* Scan this line. 


(2) Translate, with short explanatory notes :— 
OH. εἴ σ᾽ ὄψεταί τις θῆλυν ὄντ᾽, οὐκ αἰνέσει. 
HP. ζῶ σοὶ ταπεινός ; ἀλλὰ πρόσθεν οὐ δοκῶ. 
ΘΗ. ἄγαν γ᾽" ὁ κλεινὸς Ἡρακλῆς ποὺ κεῖνος ὧν ; 


III. (1) Translate :— 

οὔτε yap τῆς θαλάσσης ἔστι λιμὴν τοσοῦτος οὐδαμόθι, ὡς ἐγὼ εἰκάζω, 
ὅστις ἐγειρομένου χειμῶνος δεξάμενός σευ τοῦτο τὸ ναυτικὸν φερέγγυος ἔσται 
διασῶσαι τὰς νέας. καίτοι οὐκὶ ἕνα αὐτὸν δεῖ εἶναι τὸν λιμένα, ἀλλὰ 
παρὰ πᾶσαν τὴν ἤπειρον, παρ᾽ ἣν δὴ κομίεαι. οὔκων δὴ ἐόντων τοι 
λιμένων ὑποδεξίων, μάθε ὅτι αἱ συμφοραὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἄρχουσι καὶ οὐκὶ 
ὥνθρωποι τῶν συμφορέων. Καὶ δὴ τῶν δύο τοι τοῦ ἑτέρου εἰρημένου τὸ 
ἕτερον ἔρχομαι ἐρέων. γῆ δὲ πολεμίη τῇδέ τοι κατίσταται: εἰ ἐθέλει τοι 
μηδὲν ἀντίξοον καταστῆναι, τοσούτῳ τοι γίνεται πολεμιωτέρη ὅσῳ ἂν 
προβαίνῃς ἑκατέρω, τὸ πρόσω αἰεὶ κλεπτόμενος" εὐπρηξίης γὰρ οὐκ ἔστι 


Department of Language and Literature. 233 


ἀνθρώποισι οὐδεμία πληθώρη. καὶ δή τοι, ὡς οὐδενὸς ἐναντιευμένου, λέγω 
, n - 
τὴν χώρην πλεῦνα ἐν πλέονι χρόνῳ γινομένην λιμὸν τέξεσθαι. 


(2) Translate and explain with reference to the context :— 

τὸ yap εὖ βουλεύεσθαι κέρδος μέγιστον εὑρίσκω ἐόν" εἰ yap Kal ἐναντιω- 
θῆναί τι ἐθέλει, βεβούλευται μὲν οὐδὲν ἧσσον εὖ, ἕσσωται δὲ ὑπὸ τὴς τύχης 
τὸ βούλευμα: ὁ δὲ βουλευσάμενος αἰσχρῶς, εἴ οἱ ἡ τύχη ἐπίσποιτο, εὕρημα 
εὕρηκε, ἧσσον δὲ οὐδέν οἱ κακῶς βεβούλευται. 

IV. (1) Translate :— 

Ὃ δὴ διώκει μὲν ἅπασα ψυχὴ Kal τούτου ἕνεκα πάντα πράττει, ἀπο- 
μαντευομένη τὶ εἶναι, ἀποροῦσα δὲ καὶ οὐκ ἔχουσα λαβεῖν ἱκανῶς τί ποτ᾽ 
ἐστὶν οὐδὲ πίστει χρήσασθαι μονίμῳ, οἵᾳ καὶ περὶ τᾶλλα, διὰ τοῦτο δὲ 
ἀποτυγχάνει καὶ τῶν ἄλλων εἴ τι ὄφελος ἣν, περὶ δὴ τὸ τοιοῦτον καὶ τοσοῦτον 
οὕτω φῶμεν δεῖν ἐσκοτῶσθαι καὶ ἐκείνους τοὺς βελτίστους ἐν τῇ πόλει, οἷς 
πάντα ἐγχειριοῦμεν ; Ἥκιστά γ᾽, ἔφη. Οἶμαι γοῦν, εἶπον, δίκαιά τε καὶ 
καλὰ ἀγνοούμενα, ὅπῃ ποτὲ ἀγαθά ἐστιν, οὐ πολλοῦ τινὸς ἄξιον φύλακα 
κεκτῆσθαι ἂν ἑαυτῶν τὸν τοῦτο ἀγνοοῦντα, μαντεύομαι δὲ μηδένα αὐτὰ 
πρότερον γνώσεσθαι ἱκανῶς. 

(2) Translate and explain briefly, with reference to the 
context :— 

καί μοι ἐπὶ τοῖς τέτταρσι τμήμασι τέτταρα ταῦτα παθήματα ἐν TH ψυχῃ 
γιγνόμενα λαβέ. 

V. Answer any ove of the following questions :— 

(1) State shortly, and illustrate by quotation, the 
Homeric conception of (1) Fate, (2) blood-guiltiness, 
(3) the position of women, (4) slavery. 

(2) The history of Herodotus has been called an Epic: 
examine this criticism. 

(3) Describe any of the forms which the character of 
Heracles assumes in Greek Literature. 

VI. Answer any ¢wo of the following questions :— 

(1) What were the various causes which contributed to 
the final overthrow of the Persians ? 

(2) Describe the constitution of Sparta, and sketch her 
history up to 480 B.c. 

(3) Indicate the weak points in the constitution and 
administrative system of Athens in the 5th and 4th 
centuries B.C. 


234 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


RHETORIC AND ENGLISH LITERATURE. 


FIRST PAPER. 
Mownpay, 30¢h March 1896.—g9 ¢o 11 o'clock. 


ας Write an Essay on ove of the following subjects :— 

(a) The meetings of Touchstone and Jaques. 

(ὁ) The character of Lady Psyche in Zhe Princess. 

(c) ‘The purpose of a writer is to be read.”—JOHNSON 

(Life of Pope). 

2. Either (a) sketch with illustrations the history of the 
Latin element in the English Vocabulary ; or, (2) name the 
chief dialects of English prevailing in the thirteenth century, 
and specify their areas and characteristic differences. 

3. (a) Into what periods would you divide the history of 
Poetic Style from Spenser to Tennyson? Suggest briefly 
the characteristics of each period; or, (ὁ) give Bain’s 
Classification of the Figures of Speech, and illustrate it by 
examples. 

4. Write a brief history of the Evolution of English Prose 
from Hooker to Addison. 

5. Tell what you know of the chief authors and books of 
Old English Literature previous to the Conquest. 

6. Either (a) give some account of the influence of French 
upon English Literature in the period of Chaucer, as regards 
both themes and manner ; or, (4) give some account of the 
Piers Plowman poems, treating both their matter and their 
form. 


SECOND PAPER. 
Monpay, 30¢4 March 1896.—11.30 20 1.30 o'clock. 


τ. Either (a) trace the growth of the English Drama from 
Udall and Sackville to Shakespeare; or (4) give a brief 
account of the dramatists of the Restoration period. 

2. (a) Discuss the position of Spenser in the history of 
English poetry, and instance later poets who have been, as 
to subjects or style, influenced by him; or (4) name the 


Department of Language and Literature. 255 


more important lyric poets of the Seventeenth Century, and 
give, with illustrations, a fuller account of one of them. 

3. Name the authors of four of the following works, and 
add a note as to style and literary or historical importance 
of each:—TZhe King’s Quhair, Morte d Arthur, Euphues, 
The Steel Glass, The Cypress Grove, Leviathan, Hudibras, 
Liberty of Prophesying. 

4. From your study of Macbeth, upon what points would 
you rely in fixing its date, and from what passages would 
you argue that another dramatist than Shakespeare has 
touched the play? Discuss this contention. 

5. Either (a) give some account of the lyrics in As You 
Like Jt and the Princess, and consider their place in the 
structure of the poems; or (4) summarise De Quincey’s 
appreciations of the writers whom he selects as the most 
eminent rhetoricians of the Seventeenth Century. 

6. Which of Milton’s sonnets were occasioned by events 
of his own life? Give quotations if you can. 

7. (a) Tell the story of the Wanderer as given in Bock I. 
of Zhe Excursion, and refer the subject and its treatment to 
the views expounded by Wordsworth in his Prefaces ; or (0) 
justify, from his review of 76 Lssay on Criticism, the state- 
ment that Johnson is a specially valuable critic of Pope. 

8. Annotate as many as you can of the following 
passages :— 

(1) “You must borrow me Gargantua’s mouth first.” 

(2) “ Within the walls then view 

The schools of ancient sages, his who bred 
Great Alexander to subdue the world, 
Lyceum there ; and painted Stoa next.” 
(3) “No; this my hand will rather 
The multitudinous seas incarnadine, 
Making the green one red.” 
(4) “Dare ye for this adjure the civil sword 
To force our consciences that Christ set free, 
And ride us with a Classic Hierarchy 
Taught ye by mere A.S. and Rutherford ?” 
(5) “It is therefore without justice that Dennis charges 


236 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


The Rape of the Lock with the want of a moral, and for that 
reason sets it below the Zuérin.” 
(6) “Ours the fasts and feasts 
Choeés and Chutroi; ours the sacred grove 
Agora, Dikasteria, Poikile.” 
(7) “The Scaligers, Casaubon, and Salmasius were much 
more critics on things than critics philologically.” 
(8) *“‘“Whene’er she moves 
The Samian Heré rises and she speaks, 
A Memnon smitten with the morning sun.” 


FRENCH. 


FIRST PAPER. 
SATURDAY, 4th April 1896.—11.30 20 1.30 o'clock. 


I. Translate, commenting on Victor Hugo’s style as 
exemplified in these passages :— 

(a) O pieds plats! votre plume au fond de vos masures 
Griffonne, va, vient, court, boit l’encre, rend du ΠΕ], 
Bave, égratigne et crache, et ses éclaboussures 

Font des taches jusques au ciel! 


Votre immonde journal est une charretée | 
De masques déguisés en prédicants camus | 
Qui passent en préchant la cohue ameutée | 
Et qui parlent argot entre deux orémus | 


Vous insultez l’esprit, l’écrivain dans ses veilles, | 

Et le penseur révant sur les libres sommets ; | 

Et quand on va chez vous pour chercher vos oreilles 
Vos oreilles n’y sont jamais ! 


(4) O Dieu vivant, mon Dieu! prétez-moi votre force, 
Et, moi qui ne suis rien, j’entrerai chez ce corse | 
Et chez cet inhumain ; ! 
Secouant mon vers sombre et plein de votre flamme 
Jentrerai 14, Seigneur, la justice dans l’4me 
Et le fouet 4 la main, 


Department of Language and Literature. 237 


Et, retroussant ma manche ainsi qu’un belluaire, 
Seul, terrible, des morts agitant le suaire 
Dans ma sainte fureur, 
Pareil aux noirs vengeurs devant qui l’on se sauve, 
J’écraserai du pied lantre et la béte fauve, 
L’empire et l’empereur ! 


(c) Translate :—La facade de la pension donne sur un 
jardinet, en sorte que la maison tombe ἃ angle droit sur la 
rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevitve, ott vous la voyez coupée dans 
sa profondeur. Le long de cette facade, entre la maison et 
le jardin, régne un cailloutis en cuvette, large d’une toise, 
devant lequel est une allée sablée, bordée de géraniums, de 
lauriers-roses et de grenadiers plantés dans de grands vases 
en faience bleue et blanche. On entre dans cette allée par 
une porte batarde, surmontée d’un écriteau sur lequel est 
écrit: Maison VAUQUER, et dessous: Pension bourgoise des 
deux sexes et autres. Pendant le jour, une porte a claire-voie, 
armée d’une sonnette criarde, laisse apercevoir au bout du 
petit pavé, sur le mur opposé & la rue, une arcade peinte en 
marbre vert par un artiste du quartier. Sous le renfonce- 
ment que simule cette peinture s’éleve une statue représen- 
tant  Amour.—Bazac. 

(4) Translate :—La race hableuse et bruyante des agents 
électoraux est la méme partout; ceux-la pourtant se dis- 
tinguaient par quelque chose de plus ardent, un zéle plus 
passionné, une vanité dindonniére, chauffée ἃ blanc. Le 
plus petit greffier, vérificateur, secrétaire de mairie, instituteur 
de village, parlait comme 511 efit eu derritre Jui tout un 
canton, des bulletins de vote plein les poches de sa redingote 
rapée. Et le fait est que dans les communes corses, 
Jansoulet avait pu s’en rendre compte, les familles sont si 
anciennes, parties de si peu, avec tant de ramifications, que 
tel pauvre diable qui casse des cailloux sur les routes trouve 
moyen de raccrocher sa parenté aux plus grands personnages 
de Vile et dispose par 14 d’une sérieuse influence.— DAuUDET. 

II. Translate into modern French (word for word) the 
following passage from old French :— 


238 Lxamination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


Li emperédre est repaidriez d’Espaigne, 

Et vient ad Ais al meillor siét de France, 
Montet el palais, est venuz en la sale. 

Es li venude Alde, une béle dame ; 

Co dist al rei: “Οὐδὲ Rollanz li chataignes, 
Qui me jurat come sa per a prendre?” 

Charles en at et dolor et pesance, 

Ploret des oelz, tiret sa barbe blanche : 

‘“< Soer, chiére amie, d’home mort me demandes 
Jo ten donrai molt esforciét eschange, 

Co’st Lodevis, meillor n’en sai en France : 

Il est mes filz et si tendrat mes marches.” 

Alde respont: ‘‘ Cist moz mei est estranges. 
Ne placet Deu ne ses sainz ne ses angeles 
Apres Rollant que jo vive remaigne !” 

Pert la color, chiét as piez Charlemaigne, 
Sempres est morte. Deus ait mercit de l’anme ! 
Franceis baron en plorent, si la plaignent. 

III. Give short philological notes on the following words, 
mentioning doublets where these exist :—Libertin, légalité, 
payer son créancier, Providence, vilain, traitre, prétre, muer. 

IV. (a) Explain the difference between: grief and grief, 
solliciteur and solicitor, Ζγέῤας and trespass, sentence and 
sentence, fhysicien and physician, zervewx and nervous, 
évidence and evidence. 

(2) ‘Translate into idiomatic English : 

a bon chat bon rat 

gai comme un pinson 

point d’argent, point de suisse 
une bonne a tout faire 

jen suis pour mon argent 

il tire le diable par la queue 

V. Answer any /wo of the following questions (answers 
may be written in French or in English, but additional 
marks will be allowed for good French style) :— 

(1) Expliquez Vinfériorité de la Poésie frangaise. 

(2) Quelle a été l'influence de l’Académie frangaise et de 
la tradition littéraire ? 


Department of Language and Literature. 239 


(3) Que savez vous de l’ceuvre de Chateaubriand ? 

VI. Answer any ove of the following questions :— 

(1) Donnez britvement Vhistoire de Vhistoire de la 
Révolution frangaise. 

(2) Que savez vous de l’évolution de la Monarchie 
francaise ? 

(3) Quels sont les régimes qui se sont succédé depuis 
1789, et donnez les causes de ces changements politiques. 


SECOND PAPER. 


SATURDAY, 4th April 1896.—3 to 5 o'clock. 


I. Translate :— 


Qu’est-ce qu’un homme dans l’infini? Mais pour lu 
présenter un autre prodige aussi étonnant, qu’il recherche 
dans ce qu'il connait les choses les plus délicates. Qu’un 
ciron [mzte] lui offre dans la petitesse de son corps des 
parties incomparablement plus petites, des jambes avec des 
jointures, des veines dans ces jambes, du sang dans ces 
veines, des humeurs dans ce sang, des gouttes dans ces 
humeurs, des vapeurs dans ces gouttes; que, divisant en- 
core ces dernitres choses, 11 épuise ses forces en ces concep- 
tions, et que le dernier objet ot il peut arriver soit main- 
tenant celui de notre discours, il pensera peut-étre que c’est 
la Pextréme petitesse de la nature. Je veux lui faire voir 
la-dedans un abime nouveau. Je lui veux peindre non 
seulement l’univers visible, mais l’immensité qu’on peut 
concevoir de la nature, dans l’enceinte de ce raccourci 
d’atome. Qu ’il y voie une infinité dunivers, dont chacun 
a son firmament, ses planetes, sa terre, en la méme propor- 
tion que le monde visible; dans cette terre, des animaux, 
et enfin des cirons, dans lesquels il retrouvera ce que les 
premiers ont donné; et, trouvant encore dans les autres la 
méme chose, sans fin et sans repos, qu’il se perde dans ces 
merveilles, aussi étonnantes dans leur petitesse que les 
autres dans leur étendue ; car qui n’admirera que notre 
corps, qui tantot n’était pas perceptible dans l’univers, im- 


240 Lxamination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


perceptible lui-méme dans le sein du tout, soit & présent un 
colosse, un monde, ou plutdt un tout, ἃ ’égard du néant, 
ou l’on ne peut arriver >— PASCAL. 

II. Explain, in the formation of French, the rules of the 
persistence of the Latin accent, and of the loss of the 
medial consonant. Give illustrations. 

III. Translate into French :— 

1. As soon as you have done reading we shall go out. 

2. His work is far from being ended. 

3. They had persuaded each other that no one would 
dare to contradict them. 

4. The actors whom we saw playing to-day are not the 
same that we heard applauded in London. 

5. I should never have thought that it would have been 
possible to take the town without striking a blow. 

6. I dare not go there unless you come with me. 

7. It is with reputation as with wit, the more one aims at 
it the less one finds it. 

8. Don’t bear ill-will to me for it, I have done it for 
the best. 

IV. Translate into French :— 

(2) The ancient philosophers did not neglect natural 
science; but they did not cultivate it for the purpose of 
increasing the power and ameliorating the condition of man. 
The taint of barrenness had spread from ethical to physical 
speculations. Seneca wrote largely on natural philosophy, 
and magnified the importance of that study. But why? 
Not because it tended to assuage suffering, to multiply the 
conveniences of life, to extend the empire of man over the 
material world ; but solely because it tended to raise the 
mind above low cares, to separate it from the body, to 
exercise its subtilty in the solution of very obscure questions. 
Thus natural philosophy was considered in the light merely 
of a mental exercise. It was made subsidiary to the art of 
disputation ; and it consequently proved altogether barren 
of useful discoveries —MACAULAY. 

(4) So soon as she understood the nature of the debate 
between her husband and his guest, she declared roundly that 


Department of Language and Literature. 241 


the former, instead of having occasion for more wine, had 
got too much already ; and, far from using, in furtherance 
of his request, any of the huge bunch of keys+which hung 
by a silver chain at her waist, she turned her back on him 
without ceremony, and ushered Quentin to the neat and 
pleasant apartment in which he was to spend the night, 
amid such appliances to rest and comfort as probably he 
had till that moment been entirely a stranger to; so much 
did the wealthy Flemings excel, not merely the poor and 
rude Scots, but the French themselves, in all the con- 
veniences of domestic life.—Scotr. 


GERMAN. 
FIRST PAPER. 
Monpay, 622 April 1896.—g9 ¢o 11 o'clock. 


1. Translate :— 

(a) Ginfiedelnd auf des Aetna Hohen hauft 
Gin frommer Klausner, yon Uvalters her 
Der Greis genannt des Berges, welder, naher 
Dem Himmel wohnend als dev andern Menjehen 
Tief wandelndes Gefdhlecht, den trd'fchen Sinn 
Sn Leichter, reiner Aetherluft qelautert 
Und von dem Berg dev aufgewalsten Sabre 
Hinabjieht in das anfgelsjte Spiel 
Des unverftandlicd) frummgewundnen Lebens. 
Wohl Lapt dev Pfeil fic) aus dem Herzen ziehn, 
Doh nie wird das Verleste mehr gefunden. 
Lebe, wer’s fann, etn Leben der Serfnirjdung, 
Mit firengen BupFaftetungen allmahlich 
Abjchopfend eine ew’ ge Schulb—ich fann 
Nicht leben, Mutter, mit gebrochemt Herzen : 
Aujblicten mug ich freudig zu den Frohen 
Und in den Aether greifen ber mir 
Mit freien Geijt. 

(c) Unfer Herrgott felbjt follte richtend oben ftehen; die blutigen 
Wirgengel der Revolution fehmetterten im die Pojaunen;  fchwarzes 
Machtgewslf, yon Bligen fahl durchleuchtet, fchattete zur Linken des 
Richters, wo die fehlechten MKonige in den AWbgrund ftitrzten, ftatt des 
Kopfes cine Hohle Krone auf dent Rump, vor einent zingelnden Flammen- 

Q 


(ὦ 


wa 


242 Lxamtination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


mantel ftatt des Purpurs umlodert, wo die Diplomaten yon Sadhlangen 
umvingelt wurden, die ewig ritckfehreitenden Pfaffen von gropen Mrebjen 
zernagt, die (Sdelleute yon ihren Wappenthteren, yon adht heraldtjchen 
Greijen, Lswen und Wdlern jerfleifeht, oder unten im Wbgrunde an 
vielaftige Stammbaume als ihre eigenen Shildhalter aufgehangt, wo die 
blutjaugenden Reichen und Wucherer mit fayweren Geldjacten am Halfe 
in bodentofen Schlammm tiefer und tiefer verfanten und vergebens den 
armen Lazarus, den gemeinen Arbeiter, dev fid) drithen aus feinen Lumpen 
erhob, anflehten, daf er ihnen das Centnergewidht ihres Geldjackes abnely- 
men moge. 


(4) Beflagenswerther Menfch, dev mit dem edelften aller Werkzenge, 
mit Wiffenfchaft und Kunft, nichts HOoheres will und ausridtet, als der 
Tagléhner mit dem Schlechteften, der im Meiche dev vollfommenften Fretheit 
eine Sflavenfecle mit fid) herumtragt!—MNod) beflagenswerther aber {ἢ 
der junge Mann von Genie, dejjen natirlich fehoner Gang durdy fchadliche 
Lehren und Mufter auf defen traurigen WAbiweg verlentt wird, der fic 
luberreden lief, fiir feinen fiinftigen Beruf mit diefer fiimmerliden Gen- 
απο οί gu fammeln. Bald wird feine VBerufawiffenfdhayt als ein Stuctwerk 
ihn anefeln; Wiinfche werden in ihm aufwachen, die fle nicht zu befriedigen 
vermag, fein Genie wird fich gegen feine Veftimmung auflehnen. ls 
VBruchftiice erfheint ihm jest Ulles, was er thut, ev fteht feinen Sree 
feines Wirfens, und dod) fann er Bweelofigteit nicht evtragen. Das 
Mirhjelige, das Geringfitgige in feinen Berufsgefhaften ου ihn yu 
Boden, weil er ihr den frohen Muth nicht entgegenfewen fann, der nur 
die Helle Ginftcht, nur die geahnete Vollendung begleitet. 


II. (a) Translate into English : — 


“Wes pitet ir, min herre? wan beginnet ir der spil, 
der iu diu kiineginne _ teilet als6 vil? 

unt lat uns balde schouwen wie diu sin getan.” 
sam ers niht enwesse, gebart der listige man. 


Do sprach diu kiineginne ‘“‘ wie ist daz geschehen 
daz ir habt, her Sifrit, der spil niht gesehen, 
diu hie hat errungen diu Guntheres hant ἢ ἢ 
des antwurt ir Hagene {izer Burgonden lant. 


Er sprach “ da het ir, vrouwe, betriiebet uns den muot: 
do was bi dem scheffe Sifrit der helet guot, 
do der vogt von Rine_ diu spil iu an gewan : 
des ist ez im unktnde,” sprach der Guntheres man. 


Department of Language and Literature. 243 


“50 wol mich dirre mere”  sprach Sifrit der degen, 
“442 iuwer hohverten ist alsé gelegen, 

daz iemen lebet der iuwer meister miige sin. 

nu sult ir, maget edele, uns hinnen volgen an den Rin.” 


(ὁ) Die jonn het auch iv freud damit 

Das fo ie das fchiff fortfdhritt, 

Und fin fo Hell im drudev rinnen, 

Das fie yon ΓΙ wie fpiegel dhinent : 
Das geftad fcherst auch mit dem fchiff, 
Wann das wafjer dent land gulief, 

Dann es gab ainen widerton, 

Gleich wie die ruder teten gon: 

Min flut Die ander trib to gfdwind, 
Das fie aim underm gficht verjchiwind : 
Sa, Der Mein wurf aud) auf flain wellen, 

Die Dangten unt das fchiff zu gfeller. 
Sn jumma, alles frendig war, 
Die fhiffart zu vollbringen gar, 

Die vertroftung, runt zu erjagen, 

Erhibigt iv herz, nicht yu zagen. 


III. Translate into idiomatic English :— 
Er wird sich schon nichts weis machen lassen. 
Er ist noch so ziemlich dabei weggekommen. 
Das hatte ich ihm doch nicht zugetraut. 
Sie haben sich doch wohl nicht gar geziert. 
. Schreiben Sie sich das nur ja hinter die Ohren. 
Das kann ich ihm nun einmal nicht zumuten. 
Darin hat er sich allerdings nicht verleugnet. 
. Ich habe ohnehin vor ihn in’s Gebet zu nehmen. 
. Er hat sie ofters zum besten gehabt. 
to. Das ist denn auch leider wirklich eingetroffen. 
IV. (A) Answer any wo of the following questions :— 
(a) What is Lessing’s position with regard to the rules 
and conventions of the French classical drama? Shew how 
far he follows, modifies or rejects them in “ Minna von 
Barnhelm.” 
(ὁ) What would you say are the characteristic features of 
Goethe’s prose as exhibited in ‘‘ Wahrheit und Dichtung ” ? 


PEI ANE wD o 


244 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


(c) State briefly the main points in Schiller’s argument in 
favour of the chorus in tragedy. 

(4) Point out the principal stages of the influence of 
English literature on that of Germany in the 18th Century. 

(e) Which are the important turning points in Goethe’s 
life? describe briefly its successive periods, mentioning some 
works characteristic of each. 

(2) Answer any ove of the following questions :— 

(Answers may be given in German, and additional marks 
will be allowed for fair German style.) 

(a) An welchen Punkten und in welchen Richtungen 
zeigt sich in der deutschen Geschichte romanischer Cultur- 
einfluss ἢ 

(4) Welche Verdienste hat sich Karl der Grosse um die 
deutsche Cultur erworben ? 

(c) Worauf beruht die Machtstellung der romischen Kirche 
im deutschen Mittelalter ἢ 

(4) Welche Charaktereigenschaften und welche Verdienste 
haben Eugen von Savoyen zu einem deutschen National- 
helden gemacht ? 

(6) Welches sind die Hauptereignisse des siebenjahrigen 
Krieges ? 

SECOND PAPER, 
Monpay, 6¢2 April 1896.—11.30 20 1.30 o'clock. 


I. Translate into idiomatic German :— 

(1) They had come to blows. 

(2) Have no dealings with them ! 

(3) I have changed my mind. 

(4) The next day she was off and gone. 

(5) I always thought a great deal of him. 

(6) You must keep a tight hand over him. 

(7) May I offer you another glass of wine ? 

(8) He made the speech extempore. 

(9) He was not equal to the occasion. 

(10) They came to pay their respects to the Count. 
II. Translate into German :— 

(a) By the way, Mrs Becky, not to be behind-hand in 


Department of Language and Literature. 245 


sentiment, had got a miniature too hanging up in her 
room, to the surprise and amusement of most people, and 
the delight of the original, who was no other than our 
friend Jos. On her first coming to favour the Sedleys with 
a visit, the little woman, who had arrived with a remarkably 
small shabby kit, was perhaps ashamed of the meanness of 
her trunks and band-boxes, and often spoke with great 
respect about her baggage left behind at Leipzig, which she 
must have from that city. When a traveller talks to you 
perpetually about the splendour of his luggage, which he 
does not happen to have with him ; my son, beware of that 
traveller! He is, ten to one, an impostor.—THACKERAY. 

(2) I saw a book fastened to a desk, and instantly re- 
collected that it was the Book of Martyrs. So it was. I 
had not been there during more than forty years. ‘That is 
the only copy of the Book of Martyrs that I ever saw ina 
parish church. It is in tatters, thumbed to pieces—the 
first edition in black letter; but I could make out the 
account of Tyndal and some prints of burnings. The 
parsonage was said, in 1812, to be the oldest in England, 
and was doubtless very old, with a hall as high as the house. 
It has since been pulled down. A new one has been built 
in very good taste, but I would rather have seen the old 
one. The parson, whom I remember rather shabbily 
dressed, and looking like a farmer, and whom Hannah 
More described as a poor preacher, and “not at all a gospel 
minister,” as the phrase ran, is now lying under a stone near 
his pulpit.— Macau.ay. 

III. Answer any /wo of the following questions :— 

(4) In how far does Verner’s law interfere with the effects 
of Grimm’s law? What do you understand by “ gramma- 
tischer Wechsel ” ? 

(6) Say what you know about the phenomena called 
“ Ablaut,” “Umlaut” and “ Brechung,” and give examples 
of each. 

(c) State points of difference between M iddle-High-German 
and Modern-High-German as to pronunciation, spelling, acci- 
dence and syntax, using as the basis of your remarks the 
following passage (see below) :— 


246 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


(4) Write short philological notes on any /i/teen of the 

italicised words in the following passage :— 

Er vragte Sivriden, den gesellen sin, 

“ist iu dass cht hiinde umb disiu magedin, 

die dort her xider schouwen gein uns if die vluot? 
swie ir ferre heisse, 51 sint vil hGhe gemuot.” 

D6 sprach der herre Sivrit “nu sz/¢ ir tougen spehen 
under den juncfrouwen, und sult mir danne jehen 
welhe ir nemen woldet, hétet irs gewalt.” 

“dass won ich” sprach Gunther ein ritter kiien unde balt. 
“50 sche ich ir eine in jenem venszer stan, 

in snéwisser weze: diu ist sO wol getan, 

‘die wel/ent miniu ougen durch ir schcenen 772. 

ob ich gewalt des héte, si miiese werden min wip.” 

(e) Write short notes on the etymology of any ¢wenty of 
the following :— 

Spur, Leichnam, deutsch, Genosse, Scharmiutzel, edel, 
Ostern, elf, Feind, Haring, Gott, Ziegel, Welt, rachen, 
bereit, fertig, wissen, Demut, dulden, Vieh, keck, laut, 
Halm, Hedwig, Beichte, Bursch, Wachholder, tiichtig, 
weiland, hantieren, Garaus, vollends, Schalmei, wider- 
spenstig, Schulze. 


SANSKRIT. 
FIRST PAPER. 
Tuurspay, 19¢h March 1896.—g to 11 o'clock. 


I. Translate into English, with brief notes on the forma- 
tion of the words in italics :— 

(1) Hitopadesa (ed. Johnson, 1847), 1. lines 401-423 (in 
italic, Parokshe). 

(2) Ib. I. verses 15, 98, 139, 159 (in italic, sattvikam, 
gharmartam, parishkyitam). 

(3, 4) Nalopakhyana, vii. 7-15 ; ix. 12-16 (in italic, 7zhzr- 
shavah). 

II. (1) Nom., gen., loc. singular ; nom. plur. of Zakshan, 
bhartri, pratyac, aksht, sakhi, tiryac. 


Department of Language and Literature. 247 


(2) Dat., loc. singular; acc. plural of go, bhi, jati, (f.), 
krishna (m. f. n.), kémett (m. f. n.), ἦσαι. 

(3) a. Feminine of etad, pati, yuvan, prithu, pandu, vidvan, 
jaghanvan. ὦ. Comparative and superlative of priya, alpa, 
bahu. c. Sanskrit for “62 ships.” 

(4) 1st and 3rd sing. and 3rd plur. Imperfect Parasm. 
and Atmanep. of stha (1), dri (2), rud (2), bhi (3), bhid (7). 

(5) 1st sing. Optative, and znd and 3rd sing. Imperative 
Parasm. of 477 (8), 42 (5), jaa (9), af (9), arts (1). 

(6) 3rd sing. and 2nd plur. Perfect and Aorist Parasmaip. 
of dha, kship, aris, vas, vyadh. 

(7) Infinitive, past participle, and gerund of da, chid, nah, 
Sic, Vah, Vi-Jt, gam. 

SECOND PAPER. 


Tuurspay, 19¢2 March 1896.— 11.30 720 1.30 o'clock. 

I. Translate into Sanskrit :— 

In a town called Campaka there is a college of religious 
mendicants. There dwelt a mendicant named Cutdakarna, 
who was wont to sleep after having put up on a forked peg 
his alms-dish containing the begged food remaining from 
his dinner. Of this food I, leaping up, used to eat daily. 
Presently a dear friend of his, a mendicant named Vinakarna, 
came to see him. While engaged with him in various topics 
of conversation, Ciidakarna, in order to frighten me, kept 
striking the ground with a piece of split cane. Seeing this, 
Vinakarna said, “ Friend, how is it that you are so inatten- 
tive to my conversation and taken up with some other 
matter?” ‘‘My good sir,” said Cudakarna, “I am not 
inattentive, but this mouse is for ever eating my begged 
food contained in the dish.” Vinakarna, having observed 
the peg, said, “ How is it that this mouse, having so little 
strength, leaps up so high? There must be some reason for 
this.” Having considered for a moment, the mendicant said, 
“The reason in this case seems to be abundance of wealth, 
for— 

Every wealthy man in the world is everywhere and at all 

times powerful : 

For even to kings accrues a power founded on wealth.” 


248 Lxamination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


II. (1) State what you know of Panini, Bhavadbhitt, 
Yaska, Somadeva. 

(2) Describe in a few words the character of each of the 
following works, mentioning the author when known :— 
Kadambari, Dasakumaracarita, Mahabharata, Raghuvamsa, 
Vikramorvasi, Satapathabrahmana, Sisupalabadha, Sama- 
veda. 

(3) Mention European words etymologically connected 
with any twelve of the following verbal forms, nouns, and 
adjectives :—carati, chindanti, pricchati, Samsatt, Serate, snatt, 
svadate, hanti,; abhra, ahi, kshiti, gharma, chaya, yajna ; 
antara, anya, Sreyan, sarva. 


CELTIC. 


FIRST PAPER. 


WEDNESDAY, 25th March 1896.—g to 11 O'clock. 


1. Translate into English :— 

Do zeoch tra do dainib in domain nad rochet in cathraig 
sin asa mbiu ocus dianid érdalta a haittreb iar fugiull bratha 
is 7ztib airbirit co anbsaid ocus co utmall 1 n-dingnaib ocus 
i cnocaib 1 sescnib ocus 7rrofazgid a n-aitreba, co ti chucu 
brath. 

2. Parse fully the words in italics. 

3. Translate into English :—- 

Is ann sin ro éirgetar in sldéig uilé ina sesum do chomrad 
ocus d’imacallaim ria ocus ro éirig sisi maraen friu. Suidh 
a ingen ar Fionn ocus tuc th’uilinn fris in tulaig mad ail ni 
do chluinsin duinne uait. Tuc iar sin a taeb ris in tulaig 
ocus ro fiarfaig in flaithféinnid scéla di,—cia tir as a tainic, 
cia h{ féin. A tir na ningen aniar mar a fuinidh grian ; ocus 
ingén rig an tire sin mé féin. 

4. Point out old forms in this passage, in declension 
and gender. 

5. Translate into English :— 

As na briathraibh-sin do thuig an t-eagnaidheach da 


Department of Language and Literture. 249 


fhaide mhaireas duine, gurab cinnte dé an bas d’a rochtain; 
agus tainig do’n smuaineadh-sin gur dhitilt sé d’ ainius agus 
d’ antlas an t-saoghail, agus do ghabh cuing crdbhaidh τέ 
‘ais agus do chaith a aimsir 6 shin amach go haithrigheach. 

6. Explain fully the ¢ in “an t-saoghail” and the first 
f in “ go haithrigheach ” in this passage. 

7. How were zo, vo, do, used in tense-formation in old 
Gaelic? What is the usage in modern Scottish and modern 
Irish Gaelic ? 

8. Give a full note on the etymology and construction of 
any two of the three prepositions, azv, ann, de. 

9.  “ Etrich, a Chuchullin, éirich, 

Chi mi loingeas threun o thuath ! 

Grad ghluais, a chinn uidhe na féile : 

’S mor Suaran, is lionmhor a shluagh !” 
*Mhic Fhithil, ’s e Fionnghal a th’ann 

Ard churaidh nan ciar bheann.” 

Translate this passage, and indicate briefly its bearing 
upon the authorship of the poem. 


SECOND PAPER. 
WEDNESDAY, 25¢4 March 1896.—11.30 #0 1.30 o'clock. 


1. Translate into English :— 
Bha eoin an t-sleibhe ’n an ealtain ghle ghloin, 

A’ gabhail bheusan air gheig sa’ choill, 
An uiseag cheutach, ’s a luinneag fein aice, 
Feadan speiseil gu reidh a’ seinn: 
A’ chuag ’s smeorach air bharr nan ogan, 
A’ gabhail oran gu ceolmhor binn: 
’N uair ghoir an cuanal gu loinneil guanach 
’S e’s gloin’ a chualas am fuaim sa’ ghleann. 
ἮΝ uair thig iad comhla na bheil a’ d’ choir-sa 
De’n h-uile seorsa bu choir bhi ann ; 
Damh na croice air srath na mointich 
’S e gabhail cronain le dreocam ard. 


2. ‘Translate into English, and parse fully every word in 
the sentence :— 


250 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


“Oir gheibh thu comain ann an aiseirigh nam firean.” 

Explain the etymology of comain. 

3. Translate into Scottish or Irish Gaelic :— 

But Christianity tells us that Christ has died to take 
away our sins, and it speaks first to our sense of remorse. 
It brings us a sense of pardon. Is it the experience of our 
readers that they hear much of this in the preaching of to-day? 
If not, the whole content of the Christian Gospel has been 
omitted. Our sins are forgiven for His name’s sake. We 
who have believed do enter into rest. The past has been 
blotted from the memory of God, and the soul is at home 
in the bosom of atoning love. That is the primal fact. 

4. Write out the following passage in the idiom and 
orthography of to-day (Scottish ov Irish Gaelic) :— 

Ocus nir chian doib co tancadar neoil deirid 141 chuca. 
Ocus tecait rompa 6’n eas, ocus atchiat fer mor ar tulaig ar 
a cionn, ocus ro shuidset ina fharrad. Canas tancabair, 
ar in t-dclach? Innisit do a nainm ocus a slonnad. Cuich 
thusa, ar iat? Boaire mise, ar se, 6 Chuil Radhairc fris-an- 
abar Cuil 6 bFinn isin tan so. Aigidecht na hoidche 
anocht do b’ail linne d’faghail uait, ar Cailte. 

5. Write a brief account of the life and works of Duncan 
Ban MacIntyre, or Dugald Buchannan. 


DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 
LOGIC AND. PSYCHOLOGY: 


FIRST PAPER. 
Monpay, 30¢# March 1896.—3 to 5 o'clock. 


1. Distinguish between —(a) The Collective and the 
Distributive Use of Terms; (4) Synthetic and Analytic 
Propositions ; (c) A Disjunctive Syllogism and a Dilemma ; 
(4) Ignoratio Elenchi and Petitio Principii. 

2. Explain and exemplify the principal kinds of Im- 
mediate Inference. Are the processes correctly described 
as Inferences? 


Department of Mental Philosophy. 251 


3. (a) Arrange the following propositions in a series of 
syllogisms and draw the conclusion ; (4) exhibit the reasoning 
in ες form of a regular Sorites. 

. All the Eton men in this College play cricket. 
2. None but the Scholars dine at the higher table. 
3. None of the cricketers row. 
4. My friends all come from Eton. 
5. All the Scholars are rowing men. 

4. Explain the Attributive Theory of the Proposition, 
and consider its applicability to all forms of the Proposi- 
tion. 

5. Explain carefully the nature of the Method of Residues, 
and give an example of its application. What is its relation 
to the Method of Difference ? 

6. Consider what is the nature and importance of 
Verification in science, and illustrate your account. 

7. Estimate the value of Bacon’s contribution to modern 
thought. 


SECOND PAPER. 


Tuespay, 31st March 1896.—3 20 5 o'clock. 


τ. Give an account of the chief sources from which the 
data of Psychology are derived, and an estimate of their 
comparative value. 

2. Distinguish carefully the phenomena of Perception 
from those of Sensation and of Imagination. Are the 
differences of kind, or of degree only ? 

3. Give Berkeley’s theoretical account of the experiences 
of a man, born blind, and suddenly restored to sight. 
How far has his theory been confirmed by experimental 
ae 

“An idea which, considered in itself, is particular, 
Pines general by being made to represent or stand for 
all other particular ideas “of the same sort.” Discuss this 
passage, and in your answer explain what you consider to 
be the nature and function of “‘ General Ideas.” 

5. Explain and criticise the application of the following 


252 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


Metaphors made by Locke :—(a) the Tabula Rasa ; (ὁ) the 
Mirror ; (c) the Dark Room. 

6. What is the meaning in Berkeley’s theory: (a) of the 
existence, (4) of the permanence, (c) of the causality of the 
material world ? 

7. Give Hume’s account of our idea of Power, as regards 
the origin and the validity of the idea, and his criticism of 
Locke and of Berkeley in this connection. 


MORAL PHILOSOPHY. 
FIRST PAPER, 


THURSDAY, 27d Afril 1896.—11.30 20 1.30 o'clock. 


1. Contrast Instinctive Action with Voluntary, and com- 
pare them as regards their ethical worth. 

2. Sketch the process of formation of an ethical concept, 
e.g., Honesty, and discuss the relation of Concept to Law. 

3. How far is the State to be regarded as the standard 
of individual morality? Examine the mutual relations of 
Moral and Civil Law. 

4. What is meant by “the Diversity of Moral Judg- 
ments?” Can it be regarded as a valid argument against 
the Intuitional Theory of Ethics ? 

5. Analyse the conception ‘‘ Duty.” Does its recogni- 
tion as binding imply either (4) a necessary relation to 
other moral beings, or (4) the presence of inward hindrances 
to action ? 

6. Outline the Evolutionist system of Ethics. How far 
does it represent an advance on earlier Hedonist schemes ? 


SECOND PAPER. 


THURSDAY, 2ud April 1896.—3 to 5 o'clock. 


1. Discuss the relation, in Butler’s theory, of Self-Love 
(a) to Benevolence, and (6) to Conscience. 

2. In what sense does Butler regard ‘‘ Nature” as the 
standard of ethical action? How does he answer the 


Department of Mental Philosophy. 253 


objection that to follow nature means to act upon the 
passion or instinct which at the moment is strongest ? 

3. Explain the nature and examine the validity of Mill’s 
Proof of Utilitarianism. 

4. Consider the relation of the Human Good to the 
Divine as it is presented in Plato and in Aristotle. 

5. Characterise the ideally wise man of the Stoic and of 
the Epicurean Schools. 

6. Give some account of the ethical doctrines of Hobbes 
and of Shaftesbury, indicating the points of contrast between 
them. 


POLITICAL ECONOMY. 
FIRST PAPER. 
WEDNESDAY, 182 March 1896.—9 to 11 o'clock. 
(Answer EIGHT Questions only.) 


1. Describe briefly the chief methods used in Political 
Economy, and explain the nature of Economic Laws. 

2. On what grounds may skill be included under Capital, 
and for what purposes is it generally more convenient to 
distinguish carefully between Labour and Capital ? 

3. Analyse the causes of the increase of efficiency due to 
Division of Labour. Show how it is connected with the 
Law of Increasing Return. 

4. What does Adam Smith mean by a Quantity of 
Labour? What are the chief causes of variation in the 
Quantity of Labour in this sense? 

Explain the terms: J/arginal Disutility of Labour and 
Net Product of a man’s labour. 

5. State accurately the Law of Diminishing Return to 
Land, and explain its bearing on the theory of Economic 
Rent. 

6. “Time Earnings do not tend to Equality, but 
Efficiency Earnings do.” Explain this statement. 

Indicate the elements to be taken into account in dis- 
tinguishing Real and Nominal Wages. 


254 Lxamination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


7. What are the Economic Foundations of Private 
Property? What modifications would be introduced by 
the adoption of State Socialism ? 

8. How far does the Rate of Profits tend to Equality ? 
What is the meaning of Quasi-Rent? 

9. Discuss the effects of Trade Unions upon the genera/ 
rate of Wages. 

Under what conditions is a Strike in a particular industry 
likely to be successful ? 

to. “Price determines Rent and not Rent Price.” 
Explain the general principle, and notice the principal 
exceptions. 

11. What assumptions are involved in the Wages Fund 
Theory? What changes are introduced by the Produce 
Theory of Wages ? 


SECOND PAPER. 
WEDNESDAY, 18¢h March 1896.—-11.30 20 1.30 o'clock. 
(Answer EIGHT Questions only.) 


1. What is meant by the Temporary Equilibrium of 
Demand and Supply in a Market? Explain accurately 
the terms used. 

2. Distinguish between Value and Price. Explain the 
use of Index Numbers and the proposal for a Tabular 
Standard of Value. 

3. Describe generally the effects of Demand and of Cost 
of Production respectively upon Supply. 

4. Explain the terms Appreciation and Depreciation, as 
applied to the various relations of Value between Gold, 
Silver, and Commodities. 

5. Trace the Development of Deposit Banking. 

Why are issues of Bank Notes generally placed under 
stringent regulations compared with other instruments of 
Credit ? 

6. What is involved in International Bi-Metallism ἢ 

Note, with brief comments, the principal odjections to 
such a system. 


Department of Mental Philosophy. 255 


7. Explain the application of Gresham’s Law to Token 
Coins and to Inconvertible Notes. 

8. Why does Adam Smith think it generally unnecessary 
and undesirable to protect the home industries against 
foreign competition? What are the exceptions he admits 
under certain circumstances ? 

g. Examine the principal effects of Bounties upon 
Exports. 

to. On what grounds did Adam Smith condemn the 
Monopoly of the Colonial Trade. 

11. Examine carefully Adam Smith’s first Canon of 
Taxation, and state briefly his other Canons. 


THEORY, HISTORY, AND ART OF EDUCATION. 


M.A. Pass AND SCHOOLMASTER’S DIPLOMA. 
FIRST PAPER. 
FRIDAY, 27¢h March 1896.—g 2 11 o'clock. 


1. What are the claims of the Doctrine of Method in 
Education? Justify them scientifically and from experience. 

2. Trace the order of the unfolding of Intellectual Power 
as far as Sense-Conception, and relate to each stage the 
practical lessons for the Educator. 

3. Discuss the place of Memory in a reasoned Theory of 
Education and point out the more important conditions of 
its power. 

4. Give some account of the more important physio- 
logical conditions of Mental activity and receptivity, and 
derive rules for School work therefrom. 

5. Explain the formation of the General Concept, and 
show its significance and importance in the process of 
Education. 

6. Take any four of the Rules of Method, and justify 
them from the Philosophy of Mind. 

7. Analyse Mind as an Ethical Activity. 

8. Apply the Rules of Method to— 

(a) The Teaching of English Grammar ; or 

(ὁ) The Teaching of any Elementary Science. 


256 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


SECOND PAPER. 
FRIDAY, 27¢4 March 1896.—11.30 29 1.30 o'clock. 


1. By what considerations does Locke in the Zhoughts 
support his statement that the use of the rod is the instru- 
ment of government “‘most unfit of any” to be used in 
education ? 

2. How does Locke propose to cultivate in children the 
virtue of Justice? State and criticise his proposed treat- 
ment of ‘‘ Wants of fancy and those of nature” respectively. 

3. What does the same writer regard as the “great 
principle and foundation of all virtue and work?” Show 
what he finds to be the common mistakes in connection 
with this and what results follow. 

4. Summarize the main positions laid down in the 
section of the Conduct entitled Principles. Why is it that 
“careful and wary conduct” is needed in the use of books? 

5. Explain the statement that “ Association is a disease 
of the mind as hard to be cured as any.” What remedies 
are proposed P 

6. Explain, with illustrations, the Rule of Method— 
“Teach generalizations as generalizations ;” also how in 
the teaching of Latin the Rule to ‘“ Evoke the Will” may 
be observed. On what ground is it maintained that 
the study of Latin ‘influences the tone of thought and 
character.” 

7. How are training and discipline distinguished in the 
book on “ Language and Linguistic Method”? Sketch the 
course of instruction, there suggested, in Language as a 
formal discipline. 


SCHOOLMASTER’S DIPLOMA. 
THIRD OR ADDITIONAL PAPER. 
SATURDAY, 28¢2 March 1896.—10 20 12.30 o'clock. 


1. Show, with some fulness, the nature of the new con- 
ception of human life, as contrasted with that of the Eastern 
nations that first arose among the Hellenic races, and how 


Department of Science. 257 


the conception of the ends of education was affected 
thereby. 

2. Give the substance of the passage from the Profagoras 
in which the education of a young Athenian is sketched. 
Explain the functions of Music in both the wider and the 
narrower sense, and of Gymnastic in Greek Education. 

3. Characterise fully Roman Education of the Third 
National Period (148 B.c. onwards). Illustrate by refer- 
ences made in the poets to schools, discipline, and studies. 

4. What is Quintilian’s teaching (1) as to the mode in 
which language should be studied ; (2) the ends served by 
a study of Music and Geometry for the orator; and (3) the 
use of emulation and of corporal punishment. 

5. What was the Renascence ideal of Education? What 
are the leading defects of that ideal? Give the substance 
of Montaigne’s criticism of it. 

6. State the most valuable ideas which Milton in his 
Tractate has contributed to educational thought. 

7. Trace the interaction of the Intellectual and Ethical 
in Education. 

How would you introduce a class for the first time to a 
lesson in Proportion in Arithmetic? Ov, What steps would 
you take in giving a reading lesson to a class in Standard V. ? 


Thesis on either (2) The Organization of Instruction in 
a school where the pupils are from the age of 11 to 17, 
giving grounds for your opinions; or (4) ‘The Method of 
Instruction in Ethical ideas. (The Thesis to be posted to 
Prof. LaurigE on Tuesday night.) 

PHILOSOPHY OF Law. See Facuity of Law. 


DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE. 
MATHEMATICS, 
FIRST PAPER, 
WEDNEsDAY, 1st April 1896.—3 Zo 5 o'clock. 
1. If in two triangles’ ABC and POR AB=PO, 
AC=Pk, then BC>=<QR according as the angle 


A > =< the angle P. 
R 


258 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


ABC, DEFG are a triangle and a quadrilateral such 
that AB=DL, BC=EF+ FG, and the angles at B and 
£ are equal. Shew that dC > DG. 

2. Shew that four circles can be described which touch 
three given straight lines; and that the centres of these 
circles and the intersections of the given straight lines are 
collinear in six triads. 

Find the radius of a circle which touches two sides of an 
equilateral triangle internally, and also touches the inscribed 
circle. 

3. Divide a given straight line 4A internally and ex- 
ternally in poimts C and J, so that AC?7=ABBC, 
AIP — ABBY. 

Shew how to produce AB to £, so that HA. EB = 3.2, 

4. Shew that in any triangle ABC the rectangle con- 
tained by 4Z and the projection on it of AC is equal to 
the rectangle contained by AC and the projection on it 
of AB. 

Prove that each of the lines joining the middle point of 
BC to the projections of 4 and C on the opposite sides is 
half the side BC. 

5. If a chord of a circle passes through a fixed point, 
shew that the rectangle under the segments of the chord is 
independent of the direction of the chord. 

In a triangle ABC, # and £’ are taken on the bisector 
of the angle 7, so that BH and LE’ are each a geometric 
mean between 2A and BC, “and 2" on the bisector of C, 
so that C/' and C/’ are each a geometric mean between CB 
and CA. Shew that 2.25" Δ΄ are concyclic; and find the 
radius of the circle on which they lie in terms of the sides 
of the triangle. 

6. Prove that the areas of similar triangles are in the 
duplicate ratio of their homologous sides. 

OA and PO are two -diameters of a circle. OP meets 
the tangent at 4A in Δ, and QA meets OA in Z. Shew 
that O7': TA=OR*:.OA*. 

7. Prove that the distances of the orthocentre of a 
triangle from the vertices are double the distances of the 


Department of Science. 259 


circumcentre from the sides respectively opposite these 
vertices. 

If x,y,z be the distances of the orthocentre from the 
vertices of a triangle whose sides are a,é,c, shew that 
3x2 + 3a2=12R?, RK being the circumradius. 

8. Express the diagonal of a rectangular parallelepiped 
in terms of its edges. 

Find the area of the sections of a cube of side a (1) by a 
plane through two edges not belonging to the same face ; 
(2) by a plane through three, and only three, vertices. 

Or, as an alternative— 

Express the area of an ellipse in terms of its axes. 

Given the latus rectum of an ellipse and a circle of equal 
area, find the lengths of its axes. 

g. In an ellipse, prove that the subnormal is to the 
central abscissa in the duplicate ratio of the axes. 

If the normal at the end of the latus rectum of an ellipse 
bisects the distance between the centre and the vertex, find 
the eccentricity. 

Or, as an alternative— 

Find the areas of the regular »-gons inscribed in and 
circumscribed about a circle. 

Deduce an expression for the area of a circle. 

το. Prove that the cross ratio of the four points in which 
a movable tangent to a circle meets four fixed tangents is 
constant. 

AB is a diameter of acircle, Zany point on this diameter 
produced; ZUJVV is a tangent meeting the tangents at 
A and JB, and a tangent parallel to 42 in U,V, W respec- 
tively ; shew that 7/.7V=T7W”. 

τι. Define the function tan 6, and shew that it has the 
period = (6 being measured in radians). Also prove geo- 
metrically for all values of ¢ that tan (7— #)= —tan @, 

Trace the graph of y=. sin x. 

Solve the equation— 


J (1-sinx) +f (1 + sin x) = J (1 — cos x)t/ (1 + Cos x) 


12. If (x.y) be the co-ordinates of a point referred to a pair 


260 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


of rectangular axes, (7) the co-ordinates of the same point 
referred to another pair of rectangular axes having the same 
origin, calculate « and y in terms of & and 7: and deduce 
an addition theorem for the trigonometrical functions. 
If 6+ 9=a, shew that 
cos 70+ cos 29 — 2 cos ἃ cos θ cos =sin 2a, 
If 4+ 8+ C=->c, shew that 
Σ 005 24 + =cos*4 +6cos A cos Bcos C=0. 


SECOND PAPER. 


TuurspDAy, 27d April 1896.—9 2 11 o'clock. 


1. Write down the most general symmetrical homogeneous 
integral function of the 4th degree of x and y; and find the 
relations among the co-efficients when it is divisible by 
x? — γ3, 

2. Shew that the condition that an integral function /(«) 
be divisible by «+a is f( —@) =o. 

Shew that «°+15%2+74*+120 is divisible by «+5; 
and find the other factors. 

3. If 2, P, Q be integral functions of x, and P prime to 
Q, shew that the proper fraction Z/PQ can be decomposed 
into a sum of proper fractions whose denominators are 
FP and Q. 

Decompose in this way (3.3 — 3. + 2)/(~ — 1)? («3 -- α +1). 

Or, as an alternative— 

Explain the method for constructing a table of logarithms 
by inserting arithmetic and geometric means. 

Calculate to 3 places of decimals the number whose 
logarithm to base Io is +75. 

4. Find the condition that the quadratic ax?+éx+c=o0 
shall have (1°) equal roots, (2°) one root infinite. 

Trace the graph of y=(«—-1)?/(«-2)(«-3); and find 
and discriminate the turning values of γ. 

5. How many solutions in general has a system of two 
simultaneous equations each of the second degree in 
xand y? 


Department of Science. 261 


Solve the system a?+y?+«=Sxy, y?+2x=2xy; and 
account for the theoretical number of solutions. 

Solve also 12(x*+ 1) — 91(43+.%)+194x7=0, 

6. When is a series said to be adsolutely convergent, 
and when semz-convergent Ὁ 

Shew that 377? is absolutely convergent. 

Discuss the convergency of (1°) =(-—1)""1/(2m—- τ); 
(2°) 3(«/n)"; (3°) cos (2nz/f). 


7. Evaluate Zsinx/x; L(x™—-—1)/(x-—1), m being an 


integer. ‘ ie 
Deduce Ztanx/x; L(x’*?-—1)/(x-1), p and g being 
integers. τ i 


Or, as an alternative— 

Prove that, if f(z) denote 1+ 2+ 2?/2!, + 23/3!, +...... ad o, 
then f(x) f(y) =f(w+ty). 

Hence shew that when x is an integer /(x)=e*, where ὁ 
is a certain number. What is the value of f(x) when x 15 
real and commensurable but not integral ? 

8. Prove that (cos é+7 sin 6)” =cos mé+7 sin m0, m being 
a positive integer. 

Construct in Argand’s diagram the square roots of a given 
complex quantity. 

Sum, by means of the theory of complex numbers or 
otherwise, the series 

I+.x cos 6+ x? cos 26+...... +x” cos 76. 
Or, as an alternative— 

Deduce from its focal definition the equation to a central 
conic in the form 4x?+ By?=1. 

Find the length of the perpendicular from the centre on 
the tangent at the point («’,y’). 

9. If x, 2, g be all positive, «#1, / and g integers and 
>, prove that (xP — 1)/p > (x? -- τ). 

Discuss the inequality 1//(*«—1)+1//(«-3)>= 


< 2/ ,/(x- 2). 
Or, as an alternative— 
Find the angle between the straight lines whose equations 
are 4x+ By + το, 4’x+By+C=o. 


262 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


The projections of a point («,yv) on the axes of w and y 
respectively subtend an angle of 60° at the point (1,1): 
shew that the locus of (x,y) is given by xy—(1+ ,/3) 
(x +9)+2,/3=0; and roughly trace this locus. 

το. Establish logarithmic formulae for calculating the side 
a of a triangle ABC when ὁ, ¢, and A are given. 

At points £ and / (both external and both on the same 
side) on one diagonal of a square the other diagonal sub- 
tends angles 2% and 2: find a logarithmic formula: for 
calculating the side of the square in terms of α, 6, and ZF. 

t1. If # be the scalar length of the perpendicular from 
the origin on a straight line, and @ the inclination of the 
perpendicular to the x-axis, shew that the perpendicular 
from the point (x,v) on the line is given by x cos a+¥f 
sin «—f; and explain the significance of the sign of this 
expression. 

Find the equations to the straight lines through (1,1), 
each of which has the property that the sum of the scalar 
values of the perpendiculars on it from the points (2,1) and 
(1,2) is equal to $3. What is the maximum possible value 
of this sum in the present case ? 

12. Prove geometrically that the locus of the middle 
points of a series of parallel chords of a conic section is a 
straight line. 

To construct the centre of a conic which touches two 
given straight lines, each in a given point, and also touches 
another given straight line parallel to one of the two former. 

Or, as an alternative— 

Shew that the equation to the tangent at («’y’) to the conic 

ax? + 2hxy + by? + 2gx + 2fy+c=o 15 
(ac! + y’ +.g)x + (hx' + by’ + fy + (gx! +f +0) =0. 

Shew that the equation «?+2hxy+y?-2x-2y+1=0 
represents a one-fold infinity of conics, each of which 
touches the axes of x and y in fixed points ; and find the 
equation to the locus of the points of contact with these 
conics of tangents drawn from a fixed point on the axis 
of x. 


Department of Science. 263 
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 


FIRST PAPER. 
Fripay, 37d April 1896.—9 fo 11 O'clock. 

og more than EIGHT Questions to be attempted.) 

. Give Newton’s Second Law of Motion, explaining the 
terms employed. Point out precisely the classes of questions 
which it enables us to answer, and thus show the necessity 
for a Third Law. 

2. Is the distinction between “relative” and “absolute” 
velocity logical? If all motion is relative, what is the 
meaning of the kinetic energy of a particle ? 

3. Define the term Force, as it is employed in Newton’s 
system. Examine the conception from the point of view 
that Matter and Energy are the only objective realities in 
the Physical Universe. 

4. Define Acceleration ; pointing out its essential character 
and its law of composition ; and find its value in the uniform 
circular motion of a point. Apply the result to the case of 
a simple pendulum, moving in any manner consistent with 
small deflection from the vertical. 

5. Explain the “ Equation of Time.” What are the causes 
of the irregularity of the Sun’s motion in hour-angle ? 

6. Define the unit of force called a Dyne, and compare 
it with the weight of a gramme. What changes must be 
made in the units in order that the attraction between two 
particles of masses m and γι, at distance a apart, may be 
equal to min'/a?? 

7. Trace, as completely as you can, the transformations 
of energy that occur when a shot is fired from a gun and 
hits a target. 

8. Explain how a boat may sail to windward. Why can 
few boats sail within 45° of the wind? 

9. When a body slides down a rough inclined plane, 
show how the time of descent depends upon the co-efficient 
of friction, and find the fraction of the initial energy which 
is converted into heat. Why is no energy lost when a body 
rolls down a rough plane ? 


264. Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


10. Wherein consists the difference in the internal stresses 
of a fluid at rest, and of other continuous substances? Give 
the differentia which distinguishes a perfect fluid from other 
fluids. Show that the pressure at a point in a perfect fluid 
is the same in all directions. 

11. A narrow glass tube, open at both ends, is dipped 
vertically into water, so that two-thirds of its length are 
immersed. ‘The upper end is then closed with the finger, 
and the tube lifted out. Neglecting the effect of capillarity, 
find what fraction of its length will be filled with water? 
Why does the answer involve the length of the tube? 

12. Show how to find the form of the free surface of 
water in a pail, the whole rotating as if solid. 

13. Point out the general nature and explanation of the 
effects produced on the path of a spherical projectile by its 
rotation. Mention other phenomena due to the same 
physical cause. 


SECOND PAPER. 
Fripay, 37d April 1896.—11.30 29 1.30 o'clock. 
(Not more than E1cur Questions to be attempted.) 


Define the term viscous as applied to a fluid, and 
ce how viscosity may be measured. Mention various 
consequences of viscosity in water, and in air, as exhibited 
in phenomena of constant occurrence. 

2. Explain the effect of relative motion of listener and 
source on the pitch of a musical sound. Why does not 
a steady wind produce a similar result? What would be 
the effect produced by a sudden, brief gust ? 

3. Point out the conditions which determine the form of 
the surface of water in the neighbourhood of a glass plate 
which dips obliquely into it. Show how its section, in the 
vertical plane perpendicular to the plate, is connected with 
the curve of flexure of a uniform wire. 

4. What is meant by a Cycle of Operations, and why 
is it indispensable in thermodynamic reasoning? What 
additional advantage is gained by considering a reversible 
cycle? 


Department of Science. 265 


Point out the conditions of reversibility, and show, on 
Watt’s diagram, the general form of a reversible cycle— 
indicating the heat or work transactions at each stage of it. 

5. Trace the pencil of rays by which a star is seen, the 
eye being in still water. If the star be near the horizon, 
at what elevation will it appear, and why? 

6. Compare, and contrast, longitudinal and transverse 
plane waves. Mention some experiments used to determine 
to which class light-waves belong. Under what circum- 
stances might these tests fail ? 

7. Define Thermal Conductivity, and show how the 
fundamental units are involved in its numerical expression. 

In foot-pound-minutes Centigrade, the conductivity of 
iron is about 0.8. Find the number of units of heat which 
pass per second through each square inch of surface of an 
iron plate, half-an-inch thick, which separates freezing 
water from boiling water. 

8. Compare the isothermal and adiabatic compressibilities 
of a gas like air—and show what correction has to be 
applied to the result of Newton’s calculation of the speed 
of sound. 

9. Explain, generally, the cause of the phenomenon 
called Mirage. When an inverted image is seen, the object 
being beyond the visual horizon, trace the courses, to the 
eye, of rays by which the upper and lower parts respectively 
are seen. 

το. Point out carefully the reason why we have rays of 
light and not of sound. Explain the production of spectra 
by means of a diffraction grating. 

11. Define the capacity of an electric conductor, and 
the quantity and potential of its charge, and give the con- 
sequent relation among them. Express the energy of 
the charge (a) in terms of capacity and potential, (4) of 
capacity and quantity. 

12. Show how the potential of a conductor carrying a 
current varies from section to section. 

How do we find, experimentally, points at equal potential ; 
and how is the process employed in comparing the resist- 
ances of wires ? 


2066 Lxamination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


CHEMISTRY, | See under First Professional Examina- 
ZOOLOGY, - 4 tion for Degrees in Medicine. 


BOTANY. 
Monpay, 237d March 1896.—t 20. 3 o'clock. 
(L/lustrate your Answers by Drawings.) 

1. Write an illustrated and comparative account of the 
morphology of the Liliaceee, Amaryllideze, and Orchidee. 

2. Display a scheme for the classification of the Bryo- 
phyta, indicating your reasons for the various subdivisions 
you propose. 

3. State what you know of mitotic division of the nucleus. 

4. Write the life-history of any Fungus known to you. 

5. Give an account of the influence of temperature upon 
plant growth. 

PRACTICAL BOTANY, 
WEDNESDAY, 2572 March 1896. 

1. Make a series of sections of Specimen A. Leave 
your preparations, and sketch them sufficiently to allow of 
your giving a list of explanatory references. 

2. Specimen B. Mark with flag-labels all the structures 
visible on the surface of the Specimen. 

3. Dissect Specimen 3. Lay out its parts on this paper 
and name them. 

4. Draw the flower diagram of Specimen D. 

5. Mention the natural order, giving your reasons in each 
ease. E, E.G, Εἰς d. 

a. Root of Vanda Suavis. ὁ. Leaf of Lygodium shewing 
sporangia. ¢. Germinating embryo of Phoenix dactylifera. 
4. Monochaetum ensiferum. e. Erica carnea. ΚΔ Scopolia 
carniolica. g. Nordmannia cordifolia. Δ. Fuchsia globosa. 
z. Cyclamen persicum. &. Petasites vulgaris. 2 Stellaria 
media. 

GEOLOGY, 1nctupiInc MINERALOGY. 


TUESDAY, 24th March 1896.—1 to 3 o'clock. 


τ. Give some account of the formation of caves in lime- 
stone. 


Department of History and Law. 267 


2. Describe the general phenomena of a violent or 
paroxysmal volcanic eruption. 

3. Draw a section across a mountain-chain showing two 
periods of uplift. 

4. Describe Ramsay’s theory of the origin of rock-basins. 

5. Give some account of the structures met with in glassy 
igneous rocks. 

6. Describe four important rock-forming minerals, and 
the rocks of which they are essential constituents. 

7. Under what conditions was the Wealden formation 
accumulated ? 

8. Give the general characters of Dinosauria and Ptero- 
sauria. 


DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND LAW. 


GENERAL BRITISH HISTORY. 
SATURDAY, 28¢i March 1896.—12 to 2 o'clock. 


(N.B.—Wot more than SEVEN Questions to be attempted. 
The Questions should be selected from different parts of 
the paper.) 


1. Mention the leading ecclesiastics of the Anglo-Saxon 
period, and give a full account of the career and work of 
any ove of them. 

2. Give illustrations of the fact that Norman influence 
was strong in England before the Norman Conquest. 

3. What circumstances induced Henry II. to attempt 
the conquest of Ireland ? 

4. Write a short account of the career of Thomas of 
Canterbury, ov of Simon de Montfort, and explain clearly 
the controversy associated with the name of the one you 
select. 

5. What are the provisions of the Great Charter with 
reference to taxation, the administration of justice, and the 
meeting of the Great Council? How far are these an 
advance on previously existing rights ? 

6. What abuses prevailed in the Church in Henry III.’s 


268 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


reign, and what attempts were made to meet these by 
Grosseteste, 07 by the Franciscans ? 

7. What are the leading events in the movement by 
which the English Church was separated from the Roman 
Catholic Church? Show that an anti-Papal tendency had 
existed long before in England. 

8. Contrast James I.’s and Elizabeth’s methods of deal- 
ing with Parliament. 

g. Trace the events which led to the overthrow of 
Charles I.’s authority in Scotland. 

το. Give an account of the proceedings of the Long 
Parliament during the first year of its existence. 

11. State and explain the changes in the attitude of 
England to Holland and France in the reign of Charles 1: 

12. Distinguish carefully the different character of the 
Revolution in each of the three kingdoms. 

13. Explain the full significance of the events of the 
Seven Years’ War with reference to the expansion of 
England. 

14. Enumerate the different coalitions formed by Pitt 
against France, and account for their failure. 

15. What circumstances in the condition of Ireland led 
Wellington to give way on the question of Catholic 
Emancipation ? 


(SPECIAL PERIOD, 1290-1509: FORTESCUE.) 
SaturpAy, 2842 March 1896.—3 to 5 o'clock. 


(N.B.—Wot more than SEVEN Questions to be attempted, of 
which two at least must be taken from the last four in 


the paper.) 


1. Explain the constitution of the Model Parliament, and 
show how it differed from that of the Parliament of 1265. 

2. What was Edward I.’s position with regard to Scotland 
under (a) the Treaty of Brigham, (ὁ) Balliol’s rule, (c) the 
Settlement of 1305? 

3. What causes led to the appointment of the Lords 


Department of History and Law. 269 


Ordainers, and what is the constitutional significance of 
their appointment ? 

4. Illustrate by any of Edward III.’s campaigns the 
methods of warfare prevailing in feudal times. 

5. What effect had the Black Death and the Statutes of 
Labourers on the condition of the villeins ἢ 
“6. Give an account of the Lollard movement and its 
suppression. 

7. Give illustrations of the prosperous condition of Scot- 
land in the reign of James IV. 

8. What were the leading features of Henry VII.’s policy 
towards (a) Ireland, (4) foreign countries ? 

g. Give a brief account of the occasion, purpose, and 
scope of the De Laudibus. Show how it throws light on 
the social condition of England in the r5th century, 07 on 
the political philosophy of the Middle Ages. 

το. What causes are assigned by Fortescue for the 
poverty of the king, and what remedies does he suggest ? 

rr. Summarize Fortescue’s contrast between the French 
and English Commons, and French and English methods 
of taxation. 

12. Write explanatory notes on the following :-— Ὁ 

(a) The Erlis of Lecestir and Glocestre, wich were the 
grettest lordes off Englond, rose ayenest thair kynge Herre 
the iij**, and toke hym and his sonne prisoners in the 
ffelde. Wich maner off demeynynge the kyng off Scottis 
that last dyed dredyng to be practysed in his lande, putt 
owt off the same lande the Erle Douglas whos livelod and 
myght was nerehande equivalent to his owne. 

(6) But owre commons be riche, and therfore thai give to 
thair kynge, at somme tymes quinsimes and dessimes, and 
ofte tymes other grete subsidies, as he hath nede ffor the 
gode and defence off his reaume. 

(c) Sic et Scotia, quae ei quondam ut ducatus obedivit, 
in regnum crevit politicum et regale. 

(4) Nec leges ipse sine subditorym assensu mutare 
poterit, nec subjectum populum renitentem onerare imposi- 
tionibus peregrinis. 


270 Examination Papers for Degree of M.A. in 1895-96. 


ART AND ARCHOLOGY. 
First PAPER.—HISTORICAL. 
FRIDAY, 27¢h March 1896.—3 to καὶ o'clock. 


(Wot more than SEVEN Questions to be attempted.) 


1. Describe the different kinds of rude stone monument, 
with a special notice of some one characteristic example. 
What can be inferred as to the purpose of these monuments ? 

2. Write a note on Babylonian textiles. What idea can 
we form of the design of these in the Assyrian period ? 

Or, 
Mention, with brief notes, the decorative elements used in 
Assyrian architecture. 

3. What do you know about the so-called “ Egean ” or 
“Early Mediterranean” civilisation of about 1500 B.C. ? 

4. Enumerate, in chronological order, the chief masters of 
(a) the Attic, and (ὁ) the Peloponnesian school of Greek 
sculpture, from Pheidias to Lysippus. 

5. What changes in the aspect of Rome were involved in 
the rebuilding after the fire under Nero? Mention, with 
very brief notes, any six public buildings erected at Rome 
between the time of Nero and that of Constantine. 

6. Compare and contrast the Pagan and the Christian 
basilica, mentioning six important examples of the latter. 

7. Write brief notes on the following :—Early English 
leafage, Early English mouldings, Geometrical tracery. 

8. What are the chief features characteristic of English 
Perpendicular architecture? Refer to examples. 

g. Write a note on the tower and spire as architectural 
features, (a) in Italy, (4) in the three periods of English 
Gothic. 

το. Mention four Italian painters remarkable for the 
influence they exercised over their fellows. Explain clearly 
in each case the nature and extent of that influence. 

11. Draw up a comparative chronological table, with 
dates, of the chief painters of Florence and of Venice. 


Department of History and Law. 271 


SECOND PAPER.—CRITICAL AND TECHNICAL. 
SATURDAY, 28¢h March 1896.—9 to τι o'clock. 

(Not more than SEVEN Questions to be attempted.) 

τ. Discuss the reasons for and against the use of advanced 
pictorial design in tapestry ; 

7, 
Criticise, from the point of view of the logic of ornament, 
the decoration of Greek painted vases. 

2. Contrast the Egyptian and the Greek temples, and 
give a brief description cf the architecture of the Parthenon. 

3. Comment on the use of sculpture as an integral 
element of Greek temple architecture. 

4. Write a critical note on the style of Praxiteles, men- 
tioning five of his principal works. 

5. What parts are played respectively by the picture and 
by pure ornament in the decoration of medixval MSS. of 
different schools and periods. 

6. Describe structurally a typical French Cathedral of 
the 13th century, pointing out the main characteristics of 
Gothic construction. 

7. Describe, with measurements, the Sistine Chapel, and 
explain the architectural scheme substituted by Michel- 
angelo for the actual form of its upper part. 

8. Give a connected view of the subjects represented by 
Michelangelo on the roof of the Sistine, and state how 
they are distributed in relation to the architectural scheme. 

g. Contrast the methods of oil painting practised respec- 
tively by the early Flemings, by the Venetians, and by 
Rubens. What arethe advantages and disadvantages of each ? 

το. There is a marked difference between Greek and 
Italian reliefs in bronze. Wherein does the difference reside, 
and how far can it be accounted for on technical grounds ? 

rr. Write a note on the different ways of representing 
the deceased on a sepulchral monument. Quote examples 
of different modes of treatment from ancient and modern art. 
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 
AND HISTORY, ) 
ROMAN LAW, 


See Faculty of Law. 
PUBLIC LAW, [ 


272 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


EXAMINATION PAPERS FOR DEGREE OF 
M.A. WITH HONOURS. 


A.—CLASSICS. 
LATIN PROSE. 


Monpay, 30¢2 March 1896.—g to 12 O'clock. 


Some are impatient of contradiction, more willing to go 
wrong by their own judgment than to be indebted for a 
better and a safer way to the sagacity of another, inclined 
to consider counsel as insult, and inquiry as want of con- 
fidence, and to confer their regard on no other terms than 
unreserved submission and implicit compliance. Some are 
dark and involved, equally careful to conceal good and 
bad purposes; and pleased with producing effects by 
invisible means, and showing their design only in its 
execution. Others are universally communicative, alike 
open to every eye, and equally profuse of their own secrets 
and those of others, without the necessary vigilance of 
caution, or the honest arts of prudent integrity, ready to 
accuse without malice, and to betray without treachery. 
Any of these may be useful to the community, and pass 
through the world with the reputation of good purposes 
and uncoirupted morals, but they are unfit for close and 
tender intimacies. He cannot properly be chosen for a 
friend, whose kindness is exhaled by its own warmth, or 
frozen by the first blast of slander; he cannot be a useful 
counsellor who will hear no opinion but his own; he will 
not much invite confidence whose principal maxim is to 
suspect ; nor can the candour and frankness of that man 
be much esteemed, who spreads his arms to human kind 
and makes every man without distinction a denizen of his 
bosom. 

TUESDAY, 2152 March 1896.—2 10 καὶ o'clock. 


Translate, with short notes where needed to supplement 


translation :— 
1. Tectum augustum, ingens, centum sublime columnis, 


urbe fuit summa, Laurentis regia Pici, 


Classics. 27 


horrendum silvis et religione parentum. 
hic sceptra accipere, et primos attollere fasces 
regibus omen erat ; hoc illis curia templum, 
hae sacris sedes epulis ; hic ariete caeso 
perpetuis soliti patres considere mensis. 
quin etiam veterum effigies ex ordine avorum 
antiqua e cedro, Italusque paterque Sabinus 
vitisator, Curvam servans sub imagine falcem, 
Saturnusque senex Janique bifrontis imago, 
vestibulo adstabant aliique ab origine reges, 
Martiaque ob patriam pugnando vulnera passl. 
multaque praeterea sacris in postibus arma, 
captivi pendent currus curvaeque secures, 
et cristae capitum et portarum ingentia claustra 
spiculaque clipeique ereptaque rostra carinis. 
ipse Quirinali lituo parvaque sedebat 
succinctus trabea laevaque ancile gerebat 
Picus, equum domitor: quem capta cupidine coniunx 
aurea percussum virga versumque venenis, 
fecit avem Circe sparsitque coloribus alas. 
tali intus templo divum patriaque Latinus 
sede sedens Teucros ad sese in tecta vocavit. 
Vel nos in Capitolium, 
quo clamor vocat et turba faventium, 
vel nos in mare proximum 
gemmas et lapides, aurum et inutile, 
summi materiem mali, 
mittamus, scelerum si bene paenitet. 
eradenda cupidinis 
pravi sunt elementa, et tenerae nimis 
mentes asperioribus 
formandae studiis. Nescit equo rudis 
haerere ingenuus puer, 
venarique timet, ludere doctior, 
seu Graeco jubeas trocho, 
seu malis vetita legibus alea : 
cum periura patris fides 
consortem socium fallat et hospitem 
S 


274 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


indignoque pecuniam 
haeredi properet. Scilicet improbae 
crescunt divitiae: tamen 
curtae nescio quid semper abest rei. 
Ὡς Qui 5101 fidit, 
dux regit examen. Parios ego primus iambos 
ostendi Latio, numeros animosque secutus 
Archilochi, non res et agentia verba Lycamben. 
ac ne me foliis ideo brevioribus ornes 
quod timui mutare modos et carminis artem, 
temperat Archilochi musam pede mascula Sappho, 
temperat Alcaeus, sed rebus et ordine dispar, 
nec socerum quaerit quem versibus oblinat atris, 
nec sponsae laqueum famoso carmine nectit. 
hunc ego, non alio dictum prius ore, Latinus 
volgavi fidicen. iuvat inmemorata ferentem 
ingenuis oculisque legi manibusque teneri. 
4. O utinam caelique deis Erebique liceret 
hoc caput in cunctas damnatum exponere poenas ! 
devotum hostiles Decium pressere catervae : 
me geminae figant acies me barbara telis 
Rheni turba petat: cunctis ego pervius hastis 
excipiam medius totius volnera belli. 
hic redimat sanguis populos: hac caede luatur 
quidquid Romani meruerunt pendere mores. 
ad iuga cur faciles populi cur saeva volentes 
regna pati pereunt? me solum invadite ferro, 
me frustra leges et inania iura tuentem: 
hic dabit hic pacem iugulus finemque laborum 
gentibus Hesperiis: post me regnare volenti 
non opus est bello. quin publica signa ducemque 
Pompeium sequimur? nec si fortuna favebit 
hunc quoque totius sibi ius promittere mundi 
non bene compertum est : ideo me milite vincat 
ne sibi se vicisse putet. 
ΕΣ: Scivi extemplo rem de compecto geri. 
ne canem quidem inritatam voluit quisquam imitarier, 
saltem, si non arriderent, dentes ut restringerent. 


Classics 275 


abeo ab illis, postquam video me sic ludificarier. 

pergo ad alios, venio ad alios, deinde ad alios: una rest 

omnes de compecto rem agunt, quasi in Velabro olearii. 

item alii parasiti frustra obambulabant in foro. 

nunc barbarica lege certumst ius meum omne persequl. 

consilium qui iniere quo nos victu et vita prohibeant, 

is diem dicam, inrogabo multam, ut mihi cenas decem 

meo arbitratu dent, quom cara annona 511. sic egero. 

nunc ibo ad portum hinc. est illic mi una spes cenatica ; 
si ea decolabit, redibo huc ad senem ad cenam asperam. 

6. Sed quid ago? paene orationem in epistulam in- 
clusi. redeo ad altercationem: surgit pulchellus puer, 
obicit mihi, me ad Baias fuisse. falsum, sed tamen quid 
huic? “Simile est” inquam “ quasi dicas i in operto fuisse.” 
“quid” inquit “homini Arpinati cum aquis calidis ?” 
“narra” inquam “patrono tuo, qui Arpinatis aquas con- 
cupivit (nosti enim marinas) ; “ quousque’ inquit “hunc 
regem feremus?” ‘“‘regem appellas” inquam “cum Rex 
tui mentionem nullam fecerit?’’—ille autem Regis heredi- 
tatem spe devorarat.—‘“‘domum™” inquit “‘emisti.” ‘putes ” 
inquam “‘dicere, iudices emisti.” “iuranti” inquit “tib non 
crediderunt.” ‘mihi vero” inquam “xxv iudices credi- 
erunt, xxxi, quoniam nummos ante accesserunt, tibinihil 
crediderunt. magnis clamoribus adflictus conticuit et 
concidit. 

Explain the allusions. 

7. Ceterum urbis quae domui supererant non, ut post 
Gallica incendia, nulla distinctione nec passim erecta, sed 
dimensis vicorum ordinibus et latis viarum spatiis cohibit- 
aque aedificiorum altitudine ac patefactis areis additisque 
porticibus, quae frontem insularum protegerent. eas porticus 
Nero sua pecunia exstructurum purgatasque areas dominis 
traditurum pollicitus est. addidit praemia pro cuiusque 
ordine et rei familiaris copiis, finivitque tempus intra quod 
effectis domibus aut insulis apiscerentur. ruderi accipiendo 
Ostienses paludes destinabat, utique naves, quae frumentum 
Tiberi subvectavissent, onustae rudere decurrerent, aedifici- 
aque ipsa certa sui parte sine trabibus saxo Gabino Albanove 


226 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


solidarentur, quod is lapis ignibus impervius est ; iam aqua 
privatorum licentia intercepta quo largior et pluribus locis 
in publicum flueret, custodes et subsidia reprimendis ignibus 
im propatulo quisque haberet ; nec communione parietum, 
sed propriis quaeque muris ambirentur. ea ex utilitate 
accepta decorem quoque novae urbi adtulere. erant tamen 
qui crederent, veterem illam formam salubritati magis 
conduxisse, quoniam angustiae itinerum et altitudo tectorum 
non perinde solis vapore perrumperentur ; at nunc patulam 
latitudinem et nulla umbra defensam  graviore aestu 
ardescere. 
GENERAL PAPER. 


Wepnespay, 1st April 1896.—-2 to 5 o'clock. 


I. Translate with explanatory or critical notes :— 

1. nam neque adhuc Vario videor nec dicere Cinna 
digna, sed argutos inter strepere anser olores. 

2. sumpsisse merentes 
laudabor poenas animumque explesse iuvabit 
ultricis flammae et cineres satiasse meorum. 

3. hinc quoque quingentos in se Mezentius armat, 
quos patre Benaco velatus arundine glauca 
Mincius infesta ducebat in aequora pinu. 

4. libenter hoc et omne militabitur 

bellum in tuae spem gratiae, 

non ut iuvencis inligata pluribus 
aratra nitantur mea 

neque ut superni villa candens Tusculi 
Circaea tangat mcenia. 

5. Πὰς venturus erat Maecenas optimus atque 
Cocceius, missi magnis de rebus uterque 
legati, aversos soliti componere amicos. 

6. ibant octonos referentes Idibus aeris. 

7. nec minimum meruere decus vestigia Graeca 
ausi deserere et celebrare domestica facta, 
vel qui praetextas vel qui docuere togatas. 

8. scilicet extremi Pompeium emptique clientes 


. δὲν 


Classics. 277 


continuo per tot sociabunt tempora regno ἢ 
ille reget currus nondum patientibus annis ? 


9. sparsos per rura colonos 
redde mari Cilicas: Pharios hinc concute reges 
Tigranemque meum. 


10. sequere me viaticum ut dem a trapezita tibi: 
eadem opera a praetore sumam syngraphum. 


11, logos ridiculos vendo. age, licemini. 
quis cena poscit? ecqui poscit prandio? 
Herculeo stabunt prandio, cena tibi. 


12. SA. set interim, stratege noster, quor hic cessat 
cantharus ? 
vide quot cuathos bibimus. ST. tot quot digiti tibi 
sunt in manu. 
cantio Graecast: ἢ πέντ᾽ ἢ τρία wiv ἣ μὴ τέτταρα. 
SA. tibi propino. decumam ἃ fonte tibi tute inde, 
51 sapis. 

Scan the first two lines of this passage and of the preced- 
ing one (No. 11). 

13. portoriis Italiae sublatis, agro Campano diviso, quod 
vectigal superest domesticum praeter vicensimam ? 

14. se, quoniam ex senatus consulto provinciam haberet, 
lege Cornelia imperium habiturum, quoad in urbem in- 
troisset. 

15. nunc redeo ad quae mihi mandas: 7 in praefectis 
excusatio 115, quos voles deferto. 

16. sin mihi Caesar hoc non concedat, video tibi placere 
illud, me πολίτευμα de pace suscipere, in quo non extimesco 
periculum : cum enim tot impendeant, cur non honestissimo 
depecisci velim ? 

17. sed quaestores regibus etiam tum imperantibus insti- 
tuti sunt, quod lex curiata ostendit ab L. Bruto repetita. 

18. audiretur hinc Germanici filia, + indebilis rursus 
Burrus. 

rg. auxitque patrum honorem statuendo ut, qui a privatis 
iudicibus ad senatum provocavissent, eiusdem pecuniae peri- 
culum facerent, cuius si qui imperatorem appellarent. 


278 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


II. Answer any ζάγες of the following :— 

1. Discuss the causes which interfered with the success 
of the Roman operations during the First Punic War. 

2. Show how the relative importance of the Senate, the 
Comitia, and the Magistrates was affected by the invasion of 
Hannibal, and by the foreign wars of the century following. 

3. Give a very short account of Rome’s relations with 
foreign states from 202 B.c. to 146 B.c.; and compare her 
position in the world at the end of this period with her 
position at the beginning of it. 

4. What is Cicero’s own account of his policy and aims 
during the years 49 and 48 B.c.? Briefly criticise his 
account. 

5. What were the duties performed by imperial 270- 
curatores in the provinces in the time of Claudius? Explain 
any innovations made by that Emperor in connection with 
this office. 

III. Answer any ¢wo of the following :— 

τ. What Italian elements can be discovered in the plays 
of Plautus? Illustrate from the Captivi and Stichus. 

2. What is the attitude of Horace towards earlier Latin 
poets? Illustrate your answer by quotations from or refer- 
ences to passages in his Satires and Epistles. 

3. Classify the sources of information which Tacitus used 
in the composition of his historical writings ; and state any 
inferences that can be drawn from the nature of his authori- 
ties as to his historical trustworthiness. 

4. What are the chief objections of Tacitus to the Im- 
perial system, and what merits does he admit that it 
possesses ἢ 


TuurspDAY, 27d April 1896.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


Translate :— 

1. Idem hic annus censurae initium fuit, rei a parva 
origine ortae, quae deinde tanto incremento aucta est, ut 
morum disciplinaeque Romanae penes eam _ regimen, 
senatus equitumque centuriis decoris dedecorisque dis- 
crimen sub dicione eius magistratus, ius publicorum 


Classics. 279 


privatorumque locorum, vectigalia populi Romani sub nutu 
atque arbitrio eius essent. ortum autem initium est rei, 
quod in populo per multos annos incenso neque differri 
census poterat, neque consulibus, cum tot populorum bella 
imminerent, operae erat id negotium agere. mentio inlata 
ab senatu est rem Operosam ac minime consularem suo 
proprio magistratu egere, cul scribarum ministerium cus- 
todiaeque tabularum cura, cui arbitrium formulae censendi 
subiceretur. εἴ patres quamquam rem parvam, tamen, 
quo plures patricii magistratus in re publica essent, laeti 
accepere, id, quod evenit, futurum, credo, etiam rati, ut 
moOx Opes eorum, qui praeessent, ipsi honori ius maiesta- 
temque adicerent, et tribuni, id quod tunc erat, magis 
necessaril quam speciosi ministerii procurationem intuentes, 
ne in parvis quoque rebus incommode adversarentur, haud 
sane tetendere. cum a primoribus civitatis spretus ‘honor 
esset, Papirium Semproniumque, quorum de consulatu 
dubitatur, ut eo magistratu parum solidum consulatum 
explerent, censui agendo populus suffragiis praefecit. cen- 
sores ab re appellati sunt. 
2, Atque ea nimirum quaecumque Acherunte profundo 

prodita sunt esse, in vita sunt omnia nobis. 

nec miser impendens magnum timet aere saxum 

Tantalus, ut famast, cassa formidine torpens ; 

sed magis in vita divom metus urget inanis 

mortalis casumque timent quem cuique ferat fors. 

nec Tityon volucres ineunt Acherunte iacentem 

nec quod sub magno scrutentur pectore quicquam 

perpetuam aetatem possunt reperire profecto. 

sed Tityos nobis hic est, in amore iacentem 

quem volucres lacerant atque exest anxius angor 

aut alia quavis scindunt cuppedine curae. 

Sisyphus in vita quoque nobis ante oculos est 

qui petere a populo fasces saevasque secures 

imbibit et semper victus tristisque recedit. 

nam petere imperium quod inanest nec datur umquam 

atque in eo semper durum sufferre laborem, 

hoc est adverso nixantem trudere monte 


? 


280 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


saxum quod tamen e summo jam vertice rusum 

volyitur et plani raptim petit aequora campi. 

deinde animi ingratam naturam pascere semper 

atque explere bonis rebus satiareque numquam, 

quod faciunt nobis annorum tempora, circum 

cum redeunt fetusque ferunt variosque lepores, 

nec tamen explemur vitai fructibus umquam, 

hoc, ut opinor, id est, aevo florente puellas 

quod memorant laticem pertusum congerere in vas, 

quod tamen expleri nulla ratione potestur. 

3. Contra evenit in his morbis, quibus adficiuntur animi : 
quo quis peius habet, minus sentit. non est quod mireris, 
Lucili carissime. nam qui leviter dormit, et species 
secundum quietem capit et aliquando dormire se dormiens 
cogitat: gravis sopor etiam somnia exstinguit animumque 
altius mergit, utique nullo intellectu sui est. quare vitia 
sua nemo confitetur? quia etiam nunc in illis est : somnium 
narrare vigilantis est et vitia sua confiteri sanitatis indicium 
est. expergiscamur ergo, ut errores nostros coarguere pos- 
simus. sola autem nos philosophia excitabit, sola somnum 
excutiet gravem: illi te totum dedica. dignus illa es, illa 
digna te est: ite in complexum alteralterius. omnibus 4115 
rebus te nega, fortiter, aperte. non est quod precario philo- 
sopheris. si aeger esses, curam intermisisses rei familiaris 
et forensia tibi negotia excidissent nec quemquam tanti 
putares, cul advocatus in remissione descenderes. toto 
animo id ageres, ut quam primum morbo liberareris: quid 
ergo? non et nunc idem facias? omnia impedimenta 
dimitte et vaca bonae menti: nemo ad illam pervenit 
occupatus. exercet philosophia regnum suum: dat tempus, 
non accipit. non est res subsiciva: ordinaria est, domina 
est, adest et iubet. 

4. Nec desunt regni comites: ‘sine, moenia pulset 
inritus.’ ‘ille autem fractis huc audeat usque 
viribus?’ ‘hic miseris furor est instare periclo, 
nec librare metus et tuta odisse.’ ‘ resiste 
hic fretus solio, nos propulsabimus hostem, 
nos bellare iube.’ sic proxima turba, sed ardens 


Classtcs. 281 


ecce aderat luctu dicturusque omnia belli 

hbertate Creon: urit fera corda Menceceus ; 

nulla patri requies, illum quaeritque tenetque ; 
illum sanguineos proflantem pectore rivos 

aspicit et saeva semper de turre cadentem. 

ut dubium et pugnas cunctantem Eteoclea vidit : 
‘ibis’ ait ‘ neque te ulterius fratremque ducemque, 
pessime, funeribus patriae lacrimisque potentem, 
Eumenidum bellique reum, patiemur inulti. 

sat tua non aequis luimus periuria divis. 

urbem armis opibusque gravem et modo civibus artam, 
ceu caelo demissa lues inimicave tellus, 

hausisti vacuamque tamen sublimis obumbras ? 
deest servitio plebes : hos ignis egentes 

fert humus, hos pelago patrius iam detulit amnis ; 
hi quaerunt artus, illi anxia vulnera curant. 

redde agedum miseris fratres natosque patresque, 
redde arvis domibusque viros ! ubi maximus Hypseus 
finitimusque Dryas? ubi Phocidos arma sonorae 
Euboicique duces?  illos tamen aequa duelli 

sors tulit ad manes: at tu, pudet! hostia regni, 
hostia, nate, iaces.’ 


GREEK. 
Monpay, 30¢h March 1896.—2 10 5 o'clock. 


Translate with brief notes where needed to supplement 
translation :— 


I. 


Πηλείδης δ᾽ ἑτέρωθεν ἐναντίον ὦρτο λέων ὡς 
σίντης, ὅν τε καὶ ἄνδρες ἀποχκτάμεναι μεμάασιν 
ἀγρόμενοι πᾶς δῆμος" ὁ ὃς πρῶτον μὲν ἀτίϑων 
ἔρχεται, ἀλλ᾽ ὅτε κέν τις ἀρηιθόων αἰζηῶν 

δουρὶ βάλῃ, ἐάλη Te χανών, περί τ᾽ ἀφρὸς ὀδόντας 
γίγνεται, ἐν δέ τέ οἱ κραδίῃ στένει ἄλκιμον ἥτορ, 
οὐρῇ δὲ πλευράς τε καὶ ἰσχία ἀμφοτέρωθεν 
μαστίεται, δὲ δ᾽ αὐτὸν ἐποτρύνει μαχέσασθαι, 
γλαυκιύων δ᾽ ἰθὺς φέρεται μένει, ἤν τινα πέφνῃ 
ἀνδρῶν ἢ αὐτὸς φθίεται πρώτῳ ἐν ὁμίλῳ" 


282 £Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


ὡς ᾿Αχιλῆ᾽ wrpuve μένος καὶ θυμὺς ἀγήνωρ 
ἀντίον ἐλθέμεναι μεγαλήτορος Αἰνείαο. 
οἱ δ᾽ ὅτε δὴ σχεδὺν ἦσαν Ex ἀλλήλοισιν ἰόντες, 
τὸν πρότερος προσέειπε ποδάρκης δὸς ᾿Αχιλλεύς " 
“ Αὐνεία, τί σὺ τόσσον ὁμίλου πολλὺν ἐπελθὼν 
ἔστης ; ἢ σέ γε θυμὺς ἐμοὶ μαχέσασθαι ἀνώγει 
ἐλπόμενον Τρώεσσιν ἀνάξειν ἱπποδάμοισιν 
τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου; ἀτὰρ εἴ κεν ἐμ’ ἐξεναρίξῃς, 
οὔ τοι τοὔνεκά γε Πρίαμος γέρας ἐν χερὶ θήσει" 
εἰσὶν γάρ οἱ παῖδες, ὁ δ᾽ ἔμπεδος οὐδ᾽ ἀεσίφρων. 
Write a note on the construction of ὁμίλου and τιμῆς, and 
on the meaning of ἐάλη and ἀεσίφρων. 
2. PEI. ὁ Σόλων ὁ παλαιὃς ἦν φιλόδημος τὴν φύσιν. 
ΣΤΡ, τουτὶ μὲν οὐδέν πω πρὸς ἕνην Te καὶ νέαν, 
DEI. ἐκεῖνος οὖν τὴν κλῆσιν εἰς δύ᾽ ἡμέρας 
ἔθηκεν, εἴς γε τὴν ἕνην τε καὶ νέαν, 
i αἱ θέσεις γίγνοιντο τῇ νουμηνίᾳ. 
ΣΤΡ, ἵνα δὴ τί τὴν ἕνην προσέθηχεν; DEI. ἵν᾽, ὦ μέλε, 
παρόντες OF φεύγοντες ἡμέρῳ μιᾷ 
πρότερον ἀπαλλάττοινθ᾽ ἑκόντες, εἰ δὲ μή, 
ἕωθεν ὑπανιῷντο τῇ νουμηνίῳ. 
ΣΤΡ, σῶς οὐ δέχονται δῆτα τῇ νουμηνίᾳ 
ἁρχαὶ τὰ πρυτανεῦ", ἀλλ᾽ ἕνῃ τε καὶ νέῳ ; 
PEI. ὅπερ οἱ προτένθαι γὰρ δοκοῦσί μοι παθεῖν " 
ὅπως τάχιστα τὰ πρυτανεῖ" ὑφελοίατο, 
διὰ τοῦτ ὁ προὐτένθευσαν ἡμέρῳ μιᾷ. 
ΣΤΡ, εὖ γ᾽, ὦ κακοδαΐμονες, τί κάθησθ᾽ ἀβέλτεροι, 
ἡμέτερα κέρδη τῶν σοφῶν ὄντες, λίθοι, 
ἀριθμός, πρόβατ᾽ ἄλλως, ὠμφορῆς νενησμένοι. 
ΣΝ this. 
7: εὐφημεῖν χρὴ κἀξίστασθαι τ τοῖς ἡμετέροισι χοροῖσιν 
ὅστις ἄπειρος τοιῶνδε λόχων, ἢ γνώμῃ μὴ καθαρεύει, 
ἢ γενναίων ὄργια Μουσῶν μήτ᾽ εἶδεν μήτ᾽ ἐχόρευσεν, 
μηδε Κρατίνου τοῦ ταυροφάγου γλώττης Panysi ἐτελέσθη, 
ἢ βωμολόχοις ἔπεσιν χαίρει, μὴ ᾽ν καιρῷ τοῦτο ποιοῦσιν, 
ἡ στάσιν ἐχθρὰν μὴ κατα). ὕει, μηδ᾽ εὔκολιός ἐστι πολίταις, 
ἀλλ᾽ ἀν ὁ ipes καὶ ῥιπίζει, κερδῶν δίων ἐπιθυμῶν, 


3 “ fm 


ἡ τῆς πόλεως χειμαζομένης ἄρχων καταδωροδοχεῖαι, 


Classics. 283 
ἢ προδίδωσιν φρούριον ἢ ναῦς, ἢ τἀπόρρητ᾽ ἀποπέμπει 
ἐξ Αὐγίνης Θωρυκίων ὦν, εἰκοστολόγος κακοδαίμων. 

4. εἶδον, ναὶ τὸν Πᾶνα, τὸ ποίμνιον ἁνίκ᾽ ἔβαλλε, 

κοὔ μ᾽ ἐλαθ᾽, οὐ τὸν ἐμὸν τὸν ἕνα γλυκύν, ᾧ ποθορῷμι 
ἐς τέλος᾽ αὐτὰρ ὁ μάντις ὁ Τήλεμος, ἐχθρ᾽ ἀγορεύων, 
ἐχθρὰ φέροιτο ποτ᾽ οἶκον, ὕπως τεκέεσσι φυλάξη. 
ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐγὼ κνίσδων πάλιν οὐ ποθόρημι, 

ἀλλ’ ἄλλαν τινὰ φαμὶ γυναῖκ᾽ ἔχεν" ἃ δ᾽ ἀΐοισα 
Caro? μ᾽, ὦ Παιάν, καὶ τάκεται " ἐκ δὲ θαλάσσας 
οἰστρεῖ παπταίΐνοισω TOT ἄντρα τε καὶ ποτὶ ποίμνας. 
σίξα δ᾽ ὑλωκτεῖν νιν καὶ τᾷ κυνί" καὶ Yap Ox’ ἤρων 
αὐτᾶς, ἐκνυζῆτο ποτ᾽ ἰσχία ῥύγχος ἔχοισα. 

ταῦτα δ᾽ ἴσως ἐσορεῦσω ποιεῦντά μὲ πολλάκι πεμψεῖ 
ἄγγελον. αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ κλαξῶ θύρας, ἔστε x ὀμόσσῃ 
αὐτά μοι στορέσειν HAAG δέμνια TAOO ἐπὶ νάσω. 

nad γάρ θην οὐδ᾽ εἶδος ἔχω καχόν, ὥς με λέγοντι. 

ἢ γὰρ pay ἐς πόντον ἐσέβλεπον, ἧς ὃ: yar ava, 

καὶ καλὰ μὲν τὼ γένεια, καλὰ O ἐμὶν & μίω κώρα, 
ὡς παρ᾽ ἐμὶν χέκριται, κατεφαίνετο " τῶν δέ τ᾽ ὀδόντων 
λευχοτέρων αὐγὰν Παρίας ὑπέφαινε λίθοιο. 

ὡς μὴ βασκανθῶ δέ, τρὶς εἰς ἐμὸν ἔπτυσα κόλπον. 

5. ἐὰν δέ γε, οἶμαι, φύσιν ἱκανὴν γένηται ἔχων ἀνήρ, πάντα 
ταῦτα ἀποσεισάμενος καὶ διαῤῥήξας καὶ διωφυγών, καταπατήσας 
τὰ ἡμέτερα γράμματα καὶ μαγγανεύματα καὶ ἐπῳδὰς καὶ 
γόμους τοὺς παρὼ φύσιν ἅπαντας, ἐπαναστὰς ἀνεφάνη δεσπότης 
ἡμέτερος ὁ δοῦλος, καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἐξέλ. αμψε τὸ τῆς φύσεως δίκαιον. 
δοκεῖ δέ μοι καὶ Πνδαρος ἅπερ ἐγὼ λέγω ἐνδείκνυσθαι ἐν τῷ ᾷσμωτι 
ἐν ᾧ λέγει ὅτι Νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεὺς θνατῶν τε καὶ ἀθανάτων" 
οὗτος δὲ 67, φησίν, ἄγει δικαιῶν τὸ βιαιότατον ix ἐρτάτῳ χερί" 
τεκμαίρομαι ἔργοισιν Ἡραχλέος, ἐπεὶ ἀπριάτας----λέ γει οὕτω πως" 
TO γὰρ Goa οὐκ ἐπίσταμαι. λέγει δ᾽ ὅτι οὔτε πριάμενος οὔτε 
δόντος τοῦ Τηρυόνου ἠλάσατο τας βοῦς, ὡς τούτου ὄντος τοῦ δικαίου 
φύσει, καὶ βοῦς καὶ τἄλλα κτήματα εἶναι πάντα τοῦ βελτίονός τε 
χαὶ κρείττονος τοὶ τῶν χειρόνων τε καὶ ἡττόνων. 

What is the drift of the argument ? and of the quotation ? 

6. de? yap ἄνθρωπ πον ξυνιέναι κατ᾽ εἶδος λεγόμενον, ἐκ πολλῶν 
ἰόντ’ αἰσθήσεων εἰς ἕν λογισμῷ ξυναιρούμενον" τοῦτο δέ ἐστιν ἀνάμνησις 
ἐχείγων, ὥ ποτ᾽ εἶδεν ἡμῶν ἡ “Ψυχὴ συμπορευθεῖσα θεῷ καὶ ὑπεριδοῦσα 


284 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


ἃ νῦν εἶναί φαμεν, καὶ ἀνακύψασα εἰς τὸ ὃν ὕντως. διὸ δὴ δικαίως 
μόνη πτεροῦται ἡ τοῦ φιλοσόφου διάνοια" πρὸς γὰρ ἐκείνοις ἀεί 
ἐστι μνήμῃ κατὰ δύναμιν, πρὸς οἷσπερ θεὸς ὧν θεῖός ἐστι. τοῖς δὲ δὴ 
, en : Kata 63 ; A 
τοιούτοις ἀνὴρ ὑπομνήμασιν ὀρθῶς χρώμενος, τελέους ἀεὶ τελετὰς 
τελούμενος, τέλεος ὄντως μόνος γίγνεται" ἐξιστάμενος δὲ τῶν 
εἰνθρωπίνων σπουδασμάτων καὶ πρὸς τῷ θείῳ γιγνόμενος νουθετεῖται 
μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν πολλῶν ὡς παρακινῶν, ἐνθουσιάζων OF λέληθε τοὺς 
πολλούς. 

ἔστι δὴ οὖν δεῦρο ὁ πᾶς ἥκων λόγος περὶ τῆς τετάρτης μανίας, 
ἣν ὅταν τὸ τῇδέ TIS ὁρῶν κάλλος, τοῦ ἀληθοῦς ἀναμιμνησκόμενος, 
πτερῶταί τε χαὶ [ἀναπτ ερούμενος] προθυμούμενος ἀναπτέσθαι, 
ἀδυνατῶν δέ, ὄρνιθος δίκην βλέπων ἄνω, τῶν κάτω 0: oferty, 
αἰτίαν ἔχει ὡς μανικῶς διακείμενος " ὩΣ ἄρα αὕτη πασῶν τῶν 
ἐνθουσιάσεων ἀρίστη TE χκαὶ ἐξ ἀρίστων τῷ τε ἔχοντι καὶ τῷ κοι- 
γωνοῦντι αὐτῆς γίγνεται, καὶ ὅτι ταύτης μετέχων τῆς μανίας ὁ 
ἐρῶν τῶν χαλῶν ἐραστὴς καλεῖται. 

7. ἀναγνώρισις δὲ ὥσπερ καὶ τοὔνομα σημαίνει ἐξ ἀγνοίας εἰς 
γνῶσιν μεταβολὴ ἢ εἰς φιλίαν ἢ εἰς ἔχθρων τῶν πρὸς εὐτυχίαν ἢ 
δυστυχίαν ὡρισμένων, καλλίστη Of ἀναγνώρισις, ὅταν ἅμα 
περιπέτειαι γίνωνται, οἷον ἔχει ἡ ἐν τῷ Οἰδίποδι, εἰσὶν μὲν οὖν καὶ 
ἄλλαι ἀναγνωρίσεις" καὶ γὰρ πρὸς ἄψυχα χαὶ τὰ τυχόντα ἔστιν, 
* κι ὥσπερ εἴρηται συμβαίνει, καὶ εἰ πέπραγέ τις ἢ μὴ πέπραγεν 
ἔστιν ἀναγνωρίσαι" ἀλλ᾽ ἡ ἘΣ τοῦ μύθου χαὶ ἡ μάλιστα τ τῆς 
πράξεως ἡ εἰρημένη ἐστίν" ἡ γὰρ τοιαύτη ἀναγνώρισις καὶ περι- 
πέτειωα ἢ ἔλεον ἕξει ἢ φόβον, οἵων πράξεων ἡ τραγφῳδίω μίμησις 
ὑπόκειται, ἔτι ὃὲ nai τὸ ἀτυχεῖν καὶ τὸ εὐτυχεῖν ἐπὶ τῶν τοιούτων 
συμβήσεται. ἐπεὶ δὴ ἡ ἀναγνώρισις τινῶν ἐστιν ἀναγνώρισις, αἱ μὲν 
θατέρου πρὸς τὸν ἕτερον μόνον, ὅταν ἢ δῆλος & ἕτερος τίς ἐστιν, ὁτὲ δὲ 
ἀμφοτέρους δεῖ ἀναγνωρίσαι, οἷον ἡ μὲν ᾿Ιφιγένεια τῷ ᾿Ορέστῃ 
ἀνεγνωρίσθη ἐκ τῆς 9 πέμψεως τῆς ἐπιστολῆς, ἐκείνῳ δὲ πρὸς τὴν 
Ἰφιγένειαν ἄλλης ἔδει ἀναγνωρίσεως. 

Correct the text (Vahlen’s) where you think necessary. 


GREEK PROSE. 
TuEspDAY, 315¢ March 1896.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


It is not erudition that makes the intellectual man, but 
a sort of virtue which delights in vigorous and beautiful 


Classics. 285 


thinking, just as moral virtue delights in vigorous and 
beautiful conduct. Intellectual living is not so much an 
accomplishment as a state or condition of the mind in 
which it seeks earnestly for the highest and purest truth. 
It is the continual exercise of a firmly noble choice between 
the larger truth and the lesser, between that which is 
perfectly just and that which falls a little short of justice. 
The ideal life would be to choose thus firmly and delicately 
always, yet if we often blunder and fail for want of perfect 
wisdom and clear light, have we not the inward assurance 
that our aspiration has not been all in vain, that it has 
brought us a little nearer to the Supreme Intellect whose 
effulgence draws us whilst it dazzles? Here is the true 
secret of that fascination which belongs to intellectual 
pursuits, that they reveal to us a little more, and yet a 
little more, of the eternal order of the Universe, establishing 
us so firmly in what is known, that we acquire an un- 
shakable confidence in the laws which govern what is not, 
and never can be, known.—P. G. HAMERTON. 


UNSEEN TRANSLATIONS. 


WEDNESDAY, τοῦ April 1896.—g fo 12 o'clock. 


Translate :— 


Me ἀλλ᾽ ἐπεὶ οὖν τοι θυμὸς ἐπιθύει κιθαρίζειν, 
μέλπεο καὶ κιθάριζε, καὶ ἀγλαΐας ἀλέγυνε 
δέγμενος ἐξ ἐμέθεν-- -σὺ δέ μοι, φίλε, κῦδος ὄπαζε--- 
εὔμολπον μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχων λιγύφωνον ἑταίρην, 
καλὰ καὶ εὖ κατὰ κόσμον ἐπισταμένην ἀγορεύειν " 
εὔκηλος μὲν ἔπειτα φέρειν ἐς δαῖτα θάλειαν, 
καὶ χορὸν ἱμερόεντα, καὶ ἐς φιλοκυδέα κῶμον, 
εὐφροσύνην νυκτός τε καὶ ἤματος. ὃς γὰρ ἃν αὐτὴν 
τέχνῃ καὶ σοφίῃ δεδαημένος ἐξερεείνῃ, 
φθεγγομένη παντοῖα νόῳ χαρίεντα διδάσκει, 
ῥεῖα συνηθείῃσιν ἀθυρομένη μαλακῆσιν, 
ἐργασίην φεύγουσα δυήπαθον - ὃς δέ κεν αὐτὴν 
νῆις ἐὼν τὸ πρῶτον ἐπιζαφελῶς ἐρεείνῃ, 
μὰψ αὔτως κεν ἔπειτα μετήορά τε θρυλλίζοι, 


286 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


σοὶ δ᾽ αὐτάγρετύν ἐστι δαήμεναι, ὅττι μενοινᾷς 
καὶ τοι ἐγὼ δώσω ταύτην, Διὸς ἀγλαὲ κοῦρε" 
ἡμεῖς δ᾽ αὖτ᾽ ὄρεός τε Kal ἱπποβότου πεδίοιο 
βουσὶ νομούς, ᾿ Ἑκάεργε, νομεύσομεν ἀγραύλοισιν. 
ἔνθεν ἅλις τέξουσι βόες ταύροισι μιγεῖσαι 

μίγδην θηλείας τε καὶ ἄρσενας " οὐδέ τί σε χρή, 
κερδαλέον περ ἐόντα, περιζαμενῶς κεχολῶσθαι. 


Homeric Hymn to Hermes (111.), 475-495. 


Il. ET. ὑμᾶς ἐρωτῶ, θρέμματ᾽ οὐκ ἀνασχετὰ, 

ἢ ταῦτ᾽ ἄριστα καὶ πόλει σωτήρια, 

στρατῷ τε θάρσος τῷδε πυργηρουμένῳ, 

βρέτη πεσούσας πρὸς πολισσούχων θεῶν 

αὔειν, λακάζειν, σωφρόνων μισήματα ; 

μήτ᾽ ἐν κακοῖσι μήτ᾽ ἐν εὐεστοῖ φίλῃ 

ξύνοικος εἴην τῷ γυναικείῳ γένει. 

κρατοῦσα μὲν yap οὐχ ὁμιλητὸν θράσος, 

δείσασα δ᾽ οἴκῳ καὶ πόλει πλέον κακόν. 

καὶ νῦν πολίταις τάσδε διαδρόμους φυγὰς 

θεῖσαι διερροθήσατ᾽ ἄψυχον κάκην" 

τὰ τῶν θύραθεν δ᾽ ὡς ἄριστ᾽ ὀφέλλεται, 

αὐτοὶ δ᾽ ὑφ᾽ αὑτῶν ἔνδοθεν πορθούμεθα. 

τοιαυτα τὰν γυναιξὶ συνναίων ἔχοις. 

κεὶ μή τις ἀρχῆς τῆς ἐμῆς ἀκούσεται, 

ἀνὴρ γυνή τε χῶ τι τῶν μεταίχμιον, 

ψῆφος kar’ αὐτῶν ὀλεθρία βουλεύσεται, 

λευστῆρα δήμου δ᾽ οὔ τι μὴ φύγῃ μόρον. 

μέλει γὰρ ἀνδρὶ, μὴ γυνὴ βουλευέτω, 

τἄξωθεν- ἔνδον δ᾽ οὖσα μὴ βλάβην τιθῇ. 

Ἄλθοη., Zhebans, 182-201. 
Ill. Ξυνιόντων δ᾽ ἔτι "Ayes ὁ βασιλεὺς τοιόνδε ἐβουλεύσατο δρᾶσαι. 

τὰ στρατόπεδα ποιεῖ μὲν καὶ ἅπαντα τοῦτο, ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιὰ κέρατα αὑτῶν ἐν 
ταῖς ξυνόδοις μᾶλλον ἐξωθεῖται, καὶ περιίσχουσι κατὰ τὸ τῶν ἐναντίων 
εὐώνυμον ἀμφότεροι τῷ δεξιῷ, διὰ τὸ φοβουμένους προστέλλειν τὰ γυμνὰ 
ἕκαστον ὡς μάλιστα τῇ τοῦ ἐν δεξιᾷ παρατεταγμένου ἀσπίδι, καὶ νομίζειν 
τὴν πυκνότητα τῆς ξυγκλήσεως εὐσκεπαστότατον εἶναι" καὶ ἡγεῖται μὲν 
τῆς αἰτίας ταύτης ὁ πρωτοστάτης τοῦ δεξιοῦ κέρως, προθυμούμενος ἐξαλ- 
λάσσειν ἀεὶ τῶν ἐναντίων τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γύμνωσιν, ἕπονται δὲ διὰ τὸν αὐτὸν 
φόβον καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι. καὶ τότε περιέσχον μὲν οἱ Μαντινῆς πολὺ τῷ κέρᾳ 
τῶν Σκιριτῶν, ἔτι δὲ πλέον οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι καὶ Teyedrac τῶν ᾿Αθηναίων, 


Classics. 287 


ὅσῳ μεῖζον τὸ στράτευμα εἶχον. δείσας δὲ Ayis μὴ σφῶν κυκλωθῇ τὸ 
εὐώνυμον, καὶ νομίσας ἄγαν περιέχειν τοὺς Νίαντινέας, τοῖς μὲν Σκιρίταις 
καὶ Βρασιδείοις ἐσήμηνεν ἐπεξαγαγόντας ἀπὸ σφῶν ἐξισῶσαι τοῖς Μαν- 
τινεῦσιν, ἐς δὲ τὸ διάκενον τοῦτο παρήγγελλεν ἀπὸ τοῦ δεξιοῦ κέρως δύο 
λόχους τῶν πολεμάρχων Ἱππονοΐδᾳ καὶ ᾿Αριστοκλεῖ ἔχουσι παρελθεῖν καὶ 
ἐσβαλόντας πληρῶσαι, νομίζων τῷ θ᾽ ἑαυτῶν δεξιῷ ἔτι περιουσίαν ἔσεσθαι 
καὶ τὸ κατὰ τοὺς Μαντινέας βεβαιότερον τετάξεσθαι. 
Hues Κν- 71- 

IV. τοῦ ἐξελθόντος μηνὸς, ὦ ἄνδρες ᾿Αθηναῖοι, ἐπειδὴ ἔμελλον εἰσιέναι 
τὴν δίκην, ἤδη τῶν δικαστηρίων ἐπικεκληρωμένων, προσελθὼν καὶ περι- 
στήσας τοὺς μεθ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ, τὸ ἐργαστήριον τῶν συνεστώτων, πρᾶγμα ποιεῖ 
πάνδεινον" ἀναγιγνώσκει μοι πρόκλησιν μακρὰν, ἀξιῶν, ὅν ψησιν οἰκέτην 
ταῦτα συνειδέναι, βασανίζεσθαι, κἂν μὲν ἢ ταῦτ᾽ ἀληθῆ, τὴν δίκην ἀτίμητον 
ὀφλεῖν αὐτῷ, ἐὰν δὲ ψευδῆ, τὸν βασανιστὴν Μνησικλέα ἐπιγνώμονα εἶναι 
τῆς τιμῆς τοῦ παιδός. λαβὼν δ᾽ ἐγγυητὰς τούτων παρ᾽ ἐμοῦ, καὶ σημηνα- 
μένου τὴν πρόκλησιν ἐμοῦ, οὐχ ὡς δίκαιον ὄν: ποῦ γάρ ἐστι δίκαιον ἐν 
οἰκέτου σώματι καὶ ψυχῇ ἢ δύο ὠφληκέναι τάλαντα ἢ μηδὲν τὸν συκοφαν- 
τοῦντα ζημιοῦσθαι; ἀλλ᾽ ἐγὼ πολλῷ τῷ δικαίῳ περιεῖναι βουλόμενος 
συνεχώρουν. καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα προσκαλεῖται μέν με τὴν δίκην πάλιν, ἐπειδὴ 
θᾶττον ἀνείλετο τὰς παρακαταβολάς" οὕτως εὐθὺς ἦν δῆλος οὐδ᾽ οἷς αὐτὸς 
ὡρίσατο ἐμμένων δικαίοις. ἐπειδὴ δ᾽ ἥκομεν πρὸς τὸν βασανιστὴν, ἀντὶ 
τοῦ τὴν πρόκλησιν ἀνοίξας δεῖξαι τὰ γεγραμμένα καὶ κατὰ ταῦτα πράττειν 
ὅ τι δόξαι (διὰ γὰρ τὸν θόρυβοι" τὸν τότε καὶ τὸ μέλλειν καλεῖσθαι τὴν 
δίκην τοιοῦτον ἦν" προκαλουμαί σε ταυτί᾽ δέχομαι φέρε δὴ τὸν δακτύλιον" 
λαβέ" τίς δ᾽ ἐγγυητής ; οὑτοσί" οὐδὲν οὔτ᾽ ἀντίγραφον οὔτ᾽ ἄλλο οὐδὲν 
ἐποιησάμην τοιοῦτον) ἀντὶ δὲ τοῦ ταῦθ᾽ οὕτως ὥσπερ λέγω πράττειν ἑτέραν 
ἧκεν ἔχων πρόκλησιν, ἀξιῶν αὐτὸς βασανίζειν τὸν ἄνθρωπον, καὶ ἐπιλα- 
βόμενος εἷλκε, καὶ ἐνέλειπεν οὐδὲν ἀσελγείας. καὶ ἔγωγ᾽ ἐνεθυμήθην, ὦ 
ἄνδρες δικασταὶ, ἡλίκον ἐστὶ πλεονέκτημα τὸ μὴ καταπεπλῆχθαι τὸν βίον. 
ἐγὼ γὰρ ἐμαυτῷ ταῦτα πάσχειν ἐδόκουν καταφρονούμενος τῷ ἁπλώς καὶ ὡς 
πέφυκα ζῆν, καὶ δίκην διδόναι παμμεγέθη ταῦτ᾽ ἀνεχόμενος" ὅτι δ᾽ οὖν 
ἠναγκαζόμην, παρ᾽ ἃ ἡγούμην δίκαια εἶναι, ἀντιπροκαλεῖσθαι, καὶ τὸν 
οἰκέτην παρεδίδουν. 

Dem., Pantaenet (ΧΧΧΥ111.), 39-43. 


Tuurspay, 27d April 1896.—2 to 5 o'clock. 


I. Translate the following passages, with short notes 


illustrative of Homeric syntax :— 
(2) Alas δ᾽ ὁρμηθέντος ὀρέξατο δουρὶ φαεινῷ 
Ἕκτορος" ἀλλ᾽ οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο. 


288 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


() ἄλλου δ᾽ οὔ rev olda, τεῦ ἂν κλυτὰ τεύχεα δύω. 

(c) μὴ δή πω ὑπ᾽ ὄχεσφι λυώμεθα μώνυχας ἵππους, 
ἀλλ᾽ αὐτοῖς ἵπποισι καὶ ἅρμασιν ἄσσον ἰόντες 
Πάτροκλον κλαίωμεν᾽" ὃ γὰρ γέρας ἐστὶ θανόντων. 

(a) πάλαι πεπρωμένον αἴσῃ. 

(e) περὶ yap dle μή μιν ᾿Αχαιοὶ 
ἀργαλέου πρὸ φύβοιο ἕλωρ δηίοισι λίποιεν. 

(f) ἸΠάτροκλ᾽, ἢ που ἔφησθα πόλιν κεραϊζέμεν ἁμήν, 
Tpwiddas δὲ γυναῖκας, ἐλεύθερον ἦμαρ ἀπούρας, 
ἄξειν ἐν νήεσσι. 

(g) ἸΠΤατρόκλῳ ἥρωι κόμην ὀπάσαιμι φέρεσθαι. 


II. Translate with short notes on syntax :— 
(a) τἄχα δ᾽ ἂν διὰ τὸν χθιζινὸν ἄνθρωπον, ds ἡμᾶς διεδύετ᾽ 
ἐξαπατῶν καὶ λέγων 
ὡς φιλαθήναιος ἣν καὶ 
τἀν Σάμῳ πρῶτος κατείποι, 
διὰ τοῦτ᾽ ὀδυνηθεὶς 
εἶτ᾽ ἴσως κεῖται πυρέττων. 

(4) ἔσθ᾽ ὅπως ἂν ἐκ μάχης καὶ τῆς κατοξείας βοῆς 

ἐς λόγους ἔλθοιμεν. 
MSS. ἀνεύ, ἔλθοιμεν, al. ἔλθωμεν. 

(c) σύριγγ᾽, av ἐποίησα, καλὰν ἐχὼ ἐννεάφωνον, 
λευκὸν καρὸν ἔχοισαν, ἴσον κάτω, toov ἄνωθεν' 
ταύταν κατθείην. 

(d) ἔχω δέ τοι οὐδ᾽ ὅσον ὥραν 
χείματος, ἢ νωδὸς καρύων, ἀμύλοιο παρόντος. 

(ε) ἐγὼ δὲ τίνων εἰμί ; τῶν ἡδέως μὲν ἂν ἐλεγχθέντων, εἴ τι μὴ ἀληθὲς 
λέγω, ἡδέως δ᾽ ἂν ἐλεγξάντωσ, εἴ τίς τι μὴ ἀληθὲς λέγοι, οὐκ ἀηδέστερον 
μέντ᾽ ἂν ἐλεγχθέντων ἢ ἐλεγξάντων. 

(f) ἀποθάνοις ἄν, εἰ βούλοιτο θανάτου σοι τιμᾶσθαι. 

(g) ἥ τε γὰρ πλάτανος αὕτη μάλ᾽ ἀμφιλαφής τε καὶ ὑψηλή, τοῦ τε ἄγνου 
τὸ ὕψος καὶ τὸ σύσκιον πάγκαλον, καὶ ὡς ἀκμὴν ἔχει τῆς ἄνθης, ὡς ἂν 
εὐωδέστατον παρέχοι τὸν τόπον. 


III. Write short critical notes on :— 
(a) καὶ μὴν ἡμεῖς ἐπιθυμοῦμεν 


παρὰ σοφοῖν ἀνδροῖν ἀκοῦσαί τινα λόγων ἐμμέλειαν, 
ἔπιτε δαΐαν ὁδόν, 


Classtes. 289 


(ὁ) ἐχάρην γουν, ἡνίκ᾽ ἤκουσα περὶ Δαρείου τεθνεῶτος. 

(c) τοιόνδ᾽ εὑρόντες ἀλεξίκακον τῆς χώρας τῆσδε καθαρτήν, 
πέρυσιν καταπρούδοτε καινοτάταις σπαίραντ᾽ αὐτὸν διανοίαις. 
MSS. σπείραντ᾽ : al. σπαίροντ᾽ : 


(“) ὡς αὐτῷ κατὰ θυμὸν ὁ παῖς πεποναμένος εἴη, 
αὐτῷ δ᾽ εὖ ἕλκων ἐς ἀλαθινὸν ἄνδρ᾽ ἀποβαίη. 
ἜΤΟΣ er ae ΠΑ ΡΥ Δ ΡΝ Ε 

(e) ἀλλ᾽ ἴσος yap ὁ μόχθος, ἐπ᾿ dove κύματα μετρεῖν. 


Comment also on the scansion. 
IV. Translate with short explanatory notes :— 


(a) Tol δ᾽ ἔριδος κρατερῆς Kal ὁμοιίου πολέμοιο 
πεῖραρ ἐπαλλάξαντες ἐπ᾽ ἀμφοτέροισι τάνυσσαν. 
(6) Αἰνεία, πῶς ἂν καὶ ὑπὲρ θεὸν εἰρύσσαισθε 


Ἴλιον αἰπεινήν ; ὡς δὴ ἴδον ἀνέρας ἄλλους, 

κάρτεΐ τε σθένεΐ τε πεποιθότας ἠνορέῃ τε 

πλήθεϊ τε σφετέρῳ, καὶ ὑπερδέα δῆμον ἔχοντας. 
(c) τὴν γῆν ὅταν νομίσωσι τὴν τῶν πολεμίων 

εἷναι σφετέραν, τὴν δὲ σφετέραν τῶν πολεμίων, 

πόρον δὲ τὰς ναῦς, ἀπορίαν δὲ τὸν πόρον. 


(d) THVOL λαβὼν τὴν ψῆφον ἐπὶ τὸν ὕστερον 

μύσας παρᾷξον κἀπόλυσον, ὦ πάτερ. 
(6) πείσαι τοι Μίλων καὶ τὼς λύκος αὐτίκα λυσσῆὴν. 
(92) Kel μὲν ἀποστέρξαιμι, τὰ πάντα κεν εἰς δέον ἕρποι" 


νῦν δὲ πόθεν ; μῦς, φαντί, Θυώνιχε, γεύμεθα πίσσας. 

(9) καὶ εἰ ἐπανέροιτο Ἣ περὶ τί; εἴποιμ᾽ ἂν ὥσπερ οἱ ἐν TE δήμῳ 
συγγραφόμενοι, ὅτι τὰ μὲν ἄλλα καθάπερ ἡ ἀριθμητικὴ ἡ λογιστικὴ ἔχει " 
περὶ τὸ αὐτὸ γάρ ἐστι, τό τε ἄρτιον καὶ τὸ περιττόν" διαφέρει δὲ τοσοῦτον, 
a ‘ \ e 4 , AY a” ~ " [2 ’ a ‘ ἢ 
ὅτι καὶ προς αὑτὰ καὶ πρὸς ἀλληλα πὼς ἔχει πλήθους ἐπισκοπεῖ τὸ περιττὸν 
καὶ τὸ ἄρτιον ἣ λογιστική. 

(λ) φυγὰς δὴ γίγνεται ἐκ τούτων, καὶ ἀπεστερηκὼς ὑπ᾽ ἀνάγκης ὁ πρὶν 
ἐραστής, ὀστράκου μεταπεσόντος, ἵεται φυγῇ μεταβαλών " ὁ δὲ ἀναγκάζεται 
διώκειν ὠγανακτῶν καὶ ἐπιθεάζων. 

5 a \ e \ wie) , 

(1) cuyxetrat yap ἡ θεωρία ἐγγὺς Tov ἀναισθήτου χρόνου γινομένη. 

(7) δίκαιον δὲ καὶ τραγῳδίαν ἄλλην καὶ τὴν αὐτὴν λέγειν οὐδὲν ἴσως τῷ 
μύθῳ τοῦτο δέ, ὧν ἡ αὐτὴ πλοκὴ καὶ λύσις. πολλοὶ δὲ πλέξαντες εὖ 
λύουσι κακῶς " δεῖ δὲ ἄμφω ἀεὶ κρατεῖσθαι. 

(4) det μὲν οὖν ἐν ταῖς τραγῳδίαις ποιεῖν τὸ θαυμαστόν, μᾶλλον δ᾽ 
ἐνδέχεται ἐν τῇ ἐποποιίᾳ τὸ ἄλογον, δι᾽ ὃ συμβαίνει μάλιστα τὸ θαυμαστόν, 
διὰ τὸ μὴ ὁρᾶν εἰς τὸν πράττοντα. 

Tr 


290 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


V. Answer any /wo of the following :— 

(1) “Greek religion is a worship of Nature.” Discuss 
this with reference to Homer. 

(2) How do the tragic poets differ from Homer in their 
treatment of the characters of Oedipus, Clytemnestra, 
Achilles, and Menelaus. 

(3) What do you know of idyllic poetry before Theo- 
critus? What different influences can you trace in his 
writings ? 

(4) How far is Aristotle’s literary judgment limited by 
the prejudices of his age? What traces are found in his 
Poetics and Rhetoric of Plato’s teaching in the Phaedrus? 

(5) Apply the Aristotelian canons to the dénotiments of 
(a) Romeo and Juliet, (ὁ) the Medea. 

VI. Answer any /wo of the following :— 

(1) Describe and illustrate the characteristics of the three 
Greek races—Ionian, Dorian, and Aeolian. 

(2) What varieties may be traced in the usages of war 
before and during the Peloponnesian war? 

(3) Sketch the life and work of Timoleon. 

(4) What new light has the ᾿Αθηναίων πολιτεία cast on (a) 
the Draconian legislation, (2) the political position of Aris- 
tides, (ὦ the reforms of Ephialtes? Notice any difficulties 
that arise under any of these heads. 

(5) Describe carefully the process by which a proposal 
became law at Athens. 


ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY (Optional Sudbject). 
EARLIER PERIOD. 


Fripay, 37d April 1896.—g to 12 o'clock. 

1. Indicate the influence of Parmenides on Greek 
thought prior to Plato. 

2. Describe briefly the biological and_ psychological 
speculations of the Pre-Socratic philosophers. 

3. To what extent is it correct to describe Socrates as a 
Sophist ? 

4. Explain briefly Plato’s Theory of Ideas. What in 


Classics. 201 


your opinion is the significance of the first part of the 
Parmenides ? 

5. Indicate the successive steps by which Socrates in the 
Theaetetus disproves the hypothesis ἐπιστήμη αἴσθησις. 

6. Translate and explain -:-- 


(a) ἐπὶ γὰρ σούτου πρώτου Θεόφρωστος ἐν τῇ ᾿Ἰστορίῳ 


\ 
‘ 1? Τὴν 


ψμάνωσιν εἴρηκε καὶ πύκνωσιν. 
(ὁ) οὐ συνίασιν ὅκως διαφερόμενον ἑωυτῷ ὁμολογέει" παλίν- 
σροπὸς ἁρμονίη ὅκωσπερ τόξου καὶ λύρης. 
(c) Ξεινοφάνην ὑπάτυφον ᾿Ομηραπάτης ἐπικόπτην. 
(4) αἱ γὰρ στεινότεραι πλῆνται πυρὸς ἀκρήτοιο, 
αἱ δ᾽ ἐπὶ ταῖς νυκτός, μετὰ δὲ φλογὸς ἵεται αἶσα" 
ἐν δὲ μέσῳ τούτων δαίμων, 4 πάντα κυβερνῷ. 
(6) οὐκοῦν ἀλλ᾽ ὁτιοῦν Os? ἀποφαίνειν τὸ τὰ ψευδῆ δοξάξειν 


ἢ διωνοίας πρὸς αἴσθησιν πωραλλαγήν. εἰ γὰρ τοῦτ᾽ HY, οὐκ ἄν 


πότε ἐν αὐτοῖς τοῖς διανοήμασιν ἐψευδόμεθα. 


y \ oy) > ‘ > ΄ 2 \ \ £3 397 
(7) ἄκουε δὴ ὕναρ ἀντὶ ὀνείρατος. ἐγὼ yap αὖ ἐδόκουν 
ἀκούειν τινῶν ὅτι τὰ μὲν πρῶτα οἱουπερεὶ στοιχεῖο, ἐξ ὧν ἡμεῖς 


τε συγκείμεθα καὶ τάλλα, λόγον οὐκ ἔχοι" αὐτὸ γὰρ καθ᾽ 
ε “ 7 , ” ye \ ἢ 
αὑτὸ ἕκαστον ὀνομάσαι μόνον εἴη, προσειπεῖν δὲ οὐδὲν ἄλλο 


δυνατὸν οὔθ᾽ ὡς ἔστιν, 000 ὡς οὐχ ἔστιν. 
LATER PERIOD. 
FripAY, 372 April 1896.—9 20 12 o'clock. 


1. Give a short account of Plato’s psychology, with 
special reference to the Phedo, Republic and Timeus. 

2. Explain generally the relation of Pleasure to the 
Supreme Good in (a) Plato’s Phrlebus, (6) Aristotle’s Ethics. 

3. Give the steps by which Aristotle arrives at his κοινὸς 
λόγος of Soul. 

4. What are the chief functions of χοινὴ αἴσθησις 

5. State and criticise Aristotle’s ethical doctrine of the 
Mean ; 


292 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


Or, 
Indicate the chief points in Aristotle’s account of προαίρεσις. 

6. Translate and explain :— 

(a) δεῖν ody ἡμᾶς τούτων οὕτω διακεκοσμημένων ἀεὶ μίων ἰδέαν 
περὶ παντὸς ἑκάστοτε θεμένους ζητεῖν " εὑρήσειν yap ἐνοῦσων. ἐὰν 
οὖν μεταλάβωμεν, μετὰ μίαν δύο, εἴ πως εἰσί, σχοπεῖν, εἰ δὲ μὴ, 
σρεῖς ἤ τινα ἄλλον ἀριθμόν, καὶ τῶν ἕν ἐκείνων ἔχαστον πάλιν 
ὡσαύτως, μέχριπερ ἂν τὸ κατ᾽ ἀρχὰς ἕν μὴ ὅτι ἕν καὶ πολλὰ 
χαὶ ἄπειρά ἐστι μόνον ἴδῃ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὁπόσα. τὴν δὲ τοῦ ἀπείρου 
ἰδέαν πρὸς τὸ πλῆθος μὴ προσφέρειν, πρὶν ἄν τις τὸν ἀριθμὸν 
αὐτοῦ πάντα κατίδῃ τὸν μεταξὺ τοῦ ἀπείρου τε καὶ τοῦ ἑνός. 

(ὁ) πάσης γὰρ ἀποδείξεως ἀρχὴ τὸ τί ἐστιν, ὥστε καθ᾽ ὅσους 
σῶν ὁρισμῶν μὴ συμβαΐνει To συμβεβηκότα γνωρίζειν, ἀλλὰ μηδ᾽ 
εἰκάσαι περὶ αὐτῶν εὐμαρές, δῆλον ὅτι διαλεκτικῶς εἴρηνται καὶ 
(c) ἀλλ᾽ ὁ νοῦς ὅταν τι νοήσῃ σφόδρω νοητόν, ody ἧττον νοεῖ τὰ 
ὑποδεέστερα, ἀλλὰ καὶ μᾶλλον" τὸ μὲν γὰρ αἰσθητικὸν οὐκ ἄνευ 
σώματος, ὁ δὲ χωριστός. ὕταν δ᾽ οὕτως ἕκαστα γένηται ὡς ὁ 
ἐπιστήμων λέγεται ὁ κατ᾽ ἐνέργειαν (τοῦτο δὲ συμβαΐνει͵ ὅτων 
δύνηται ἐνεργεῖν δ αὑτοῦ), ἔστι μὲν καὶ τότε δυνάμει πως, οὐ μὴν 
ὁμοίως καὶ πρὶν μαθεῖν ἡ εὑρεῖν: καὶ αὐτὸς δὲ αὑτὸν τότε δύναται 
νοεῖν. 

(d) ἀπορήσειε δ᾽ ἄν τις τί ποτε καὶ βούλονται λέγειν αὐτοξκώστον, 
εἴπερ ἔν τε αὐτοανθρώ πῳ καὶ ἀνθρώπῳ εἷς καί ὁ αὐτὸς λόγος ἐστὶν ὁ 
τοῦ ἀνθρώπου. ἢ γὰρ ἄνθρωπος, οὐδὲν διοίσουσιν " εἰ δ᾽ οὕτως, οὐδ᾽ 
ἢ ἀγαθόν. 

(6) διὸ δεῖ τὰς ἐνεργείας ποιὰς ἀποδιδόναι" κατὰ yap τὰς 
τούτων διαφορὰς ἀκολουθοῦσιν αἱ ἕξεις. 


CLASSICAL ARCHAEOLOGY (Optional Subjects). 
First PAPER.—GENERAL. 


FRIDAY, 37d April 1896.—g to 12 o'clock. 


1. Discuss the date of the Mycenean civilization. 
What evidence is there of its connections with other 
civilizations ? 

2. Draw a sketch plan of Olympia, indicating, with 


Classics. 203 


names, the principal buildings, and showing the position 
of the Alpheios, the Kladeos, and the hill of Kronos. 

3. Trace the architectural history of the Acropolis of 
Athens. 

4. What do you know of the methods of the Greek 
sculptor in stone ? 

5. Describe the traces of wooden construction in Greek 
stone architecture. 

6. Briefly define the characteristics of ‘“ Mycenzan,” 
‘Dipylon,” “ Phaleron,” and “ Corinthian ” vases. 

7. Describe the potter’s wheel, and discuss the conditions 
and limitations of works produced by its means. 

8. Describe (with references to particular specimens) 
methods of working in metal by casting, incising, inlaying, 
and embossing (repoussé work). 

g. What forms of engraved gems were current among 
the Greeks before the time of Alexander ? 

το. What evidence have we with reference to the colour- 
ing of ancient architecture and sculpture. 

11. Explain the processes of (a) encaustic, (4) fresco, 
penning. 

2. Describe the Homeric house with reference to the 
ene poems and to recent discoveries. 


SECOND PAPER.—GREEK SCULPTURE. 


Fripay, 37d April 1896.—2 20 καὶ o'clock. 

1. Write an essay on the following subject :— 

The progressive changes in the treatment of the erect 
male figure, in respect to pose, anatomy, proportions, and 
details, from the earliest times to Lysippus. 

(N.B.—Anx hour to be spent on the essay.) 

2. Comment on the following passages :— 

(a) τὸ δὴ τ εἴχος (Τίρυνθος), ὃ δὴ μόνον τῶν eps “πίων λείπεται, 
Κυχλ. wary μέν ἐστιν ἔργον, πεποίηται δὲ ἀργῶν λήθων, μέγεθος 
ἔχων ἕχοστος λίθος ὡς aT αὐτῶν μηδ᾽ ἂν ἀρχὴν ΠΑ roy 
μικρότατον ὑπὸ ζεύγους ἡμιόνων. λιθία δὲ ἐνήρμοσται πάλαι, ὡς 
μάλιστα αὐτῶν ἕκαστον ἁρμονίαν τοῖς μεγάλοις λίθοις εἶναι. 

(ὁ) ἀλλὼ τίς ὁ σπουδῇ προσιὼν οὗτος, ὁ χαλκοῦς, ὁ εὔγραμμος 


294 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


nal evore ἐρίγραπτος, ὁ ἀρχαῖος τὴν ἀνάδεσιν τῆς κόμης ; ; μᾶλλον δὲ 
ὁ σός, ὦ Ἑρμῆ, ἀδελφός ἐστιν, ὁ ayopaios, 6 παρὰ τὴν Tlommirns 

TITTNS γοῦν ἀνα: πέπλ σται ὁσημέραι ἐκματτόμενος ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνδριαν- 
τοποιῶν. 

(c) Phidias tamen diis quam hominibus efficiendis melior 
artifex creditur, in ebore vero longe citra zmulum, vel si 
nihil nisi Minervam Athenis aut Olympium in Elide Jovem 
fecisset, cujus pulchritudo adjecisse aliquid etiam receptee 
religioni videtur ; adeo majestas operis deum eequavit. 

(4) Idem et doryphorum viriliter puerum fecit [et] quem 
canona artifices vocant liniamenta artis ex eo petentes veluti 
a lege quadam, solusque hominum artem ipsam fecisse artis 
opere judicatur. 

3. On what general principles ought a restoration of the 
Chest of Cypselus to be based ? 

4. What do you know of Theodorus of Samos ? 

5. Discuss the interpretation of ezther the East Frieze, or 
the West Pediment of the Parthenon. 

6. Describe accurately the drapery of the “ Fates” of the 
Parthenon, and write some critical notes on the artistic 
treatment of form and drapery in the “Theseus,” the 
“ Fates,” and the horses’ heads of Helios and Selene. 

7. Describe the Athene Parthenos by reference to ancient 
literature and extant copies. 

8. Give an account of Scopas, with special reference to 
extant works attributed to him. 

g. Define the position and character of the Pergamene 
School of Sculpture. 


B.—MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL 
PHILOSOPHY. 
MATHEMATICS. 
Monpay, 30¢ March 1896.—9 20 12 o'clock. 
1. Prove that the infinite product 

πε 

i es fa I- 2 
T 37 57 


is convergent and equal to cos x. 


Mathematics. 295 


Deduce that 


or I I Τί 
St ἘΞ 

2 Shs RT shi 

Od 1 T 7 

——— τ} —+—4+—+4+...ad~, 

96 Bias kal 


2, Find the equation to the circle of curvature at any 
point of a conic, 

Shew that there are three circles of curvature which have 
a given point for their fourth intersection with the conic, 

3. Prove that the equation to a conic may be put in the 
form xy =cz*, where x=0, y=o, s=0 are the equations to 
three straight lines, 

Express the co-ordinates of any point on a conic rationally 
in terms of a parameter ; and shew that there are co? lineo- 
linear transformations of co-ordinates by which a conic 
transforms into itself. 

4. Find an expression for the length of the are of an 
ellipse. An ellipse of small eccentricity rolls on a straight 
line : shew that, if the fourth power of the eccentricity be 
neglected, the centre traces a curve of sines. 

5. Shew that in the evaluation of the limit when a’ and 0’ 


become infinite of the integral We dx dy J (x,y) the order in 
a b 
which a’ and 2’ acquire their limiting values is indifferent, 
co ioe} 
provided the integral ve dx [ dy mod f(x,y) is finite. 
= a ὃ 
Evaluate ye Satie 
Shew that the integral 


Oo 7, yt : es 
me ax ( 2721 Rene 422 (ommend) } 


Ὁ ὧν ὶ Zz 2X 


oo 
is finite; and evaluate it by integration from ve δι 142205 
0 


otherwise. 
6. Shew that the most general fractional linear transform- 
ation of two variables is equivalent to a conical projection. 


296 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


Hence shew that any two plane quadrilaterals can be put 
in perspective. 

7. Shew that the joins of corresponding points of two 
projective ranges envelope a conic. Determine the form 
of the relation when the intersection of the two lines is the 
centre ; and find the eccentricity. 

8. Prove the existence of the focal lines of a cone of the 
second degree, namely, that there are two lines such that 
the section of the cone by a plane perpendicular to either 
has its intersection with that line as one focus, 

Shew that the circular sections of the reciprocal cone are 
perpendicular to these focal lines. 

g. Shew that the tangent planes at any point P to the 
three conicoids of a confocal system through that point are 
conjugate with respect to the tangent cone from P to any 
conicoid of the system ; and find the equation to the cone 
referred to there as co-ordinate planes. 

το. Prove that the integral of a function round any circuit 
within which the function is synectic is zero. 

By considering an integral round such a contour, shew 

co” χο- 1 
fat i ce dx =a cosec az, a lying between o and 1. 
᾿ x 


Or, as an alternative, shew that Sel J{(a + dx?) (c+ dx?)} 
can always be transformed into / dy/ J{(1 —y?) (1 — Ry?) } 


where o<<1. Reduce / dy y?/, /{y(1+y)(1+y?)} to 


Legendre’s Normal Forms. 

11. Investigate Fourier’s series for a function of « between 
the limits + =. 

Express by a Fourier series a function which is equal to 
—a/2 when —7<.«<o, and equal to'+ 7/2 when ο « αὶ « σ. 


sin xy 
Prove that J = Φ is equal to this function within the 


given limits. 
12. Investigate the conditions that the function X,dx, + 


Mathematics. 297 


X, dx... + Xn@Xp Of the x variables +, %4.. . should be an exact 
differential of a function VY; and when the conditions are 
satisfied shew that VY can be found by quadratures, and is 
determined except for an additive constant. 
Shew that 
rf (xr? + 24:2 — y? — 2?)dx t+ (7? + 3x)ydy Ἢ (σ" + 3.)5 45) 

is an exact differential 7? being=.«?+ γ5- 935; and find its 
integral. 


Mownpay, 3042 March 1896.—2 to 5 o'clock. 
If the zth term of a series be of the form /(7)/(7 + αἰ) 
ΠΣ ΣΙ 51), ΜΕΘ ΘΒ 04) Oo, τι τον: a, are integers, and 
Hi) an integral function of 2 whose degree does not exceed 
— 2, shew that the series admits of ‘‘summation to 7 terms.” 


Exemplify by summing x(n + 1)/(m2 -- 1)(7 + 2). 


2. Give a rigorous nee of the Binomial Theorem for 
any real commensurable exponent. 

πο αὐ 2 ee He ll pin Ep ΤΩΣ SHEW: 
that nF, = {, 47+ .(1 hee. tnt = ¢)e-1} (Le) 

3. Shew how to find the equation to the principal axis 
and the co-ordinates of the focus of a parabola whose 
general equation is given. 

Find, either geometrically or analytically, the locus of a 
point such that the points of contact of the tangents drawn 
from it to a given Conic subtend a constant angle at a 
Focus. 

4. Prove a provided f(x) satisfy certain conditions, 


T(x+h)=f(x) +o 7 sere Neh τ SMa) + AMT MAD( a2 + 91). 


Evaluate Z{(1 s 1/x)* -- ae ἘΣ ΞΟ 

An ellipse whose centre is at the origin, and whose 
principal axes coincide with the axes of x and y, touches the 
straight line «//+y/g=1: find the semi-axes when the area 
of the ellipse is a maximum ; and also the co-ordinates of 
its point of contact with the given line. 

5. Trace the curve «*(y—1)?+ay—-y?=0. 


298 “χαηϊηαΐογι for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


6. Find the necessary and sufficient conditions that the 
general equation of the second degree represent a pair of 
planes. In the special case where the equation is homo- 
geneous, find the equation to a plane through the origin 
perpendicular to each of the planes represented by the 
equation. 

Pairs of perpendicular planes are drawn one through each 
of the fixed straight lines Z,=0, A4,=0; Z,=0, M,=0. 
Shew that the planes through the origin perpendicular to 
the intersections of these pairs envelop a quadric cone. 

7. Find the principal invariants in any transformation of 
a quadric function which corresponds to passage from one 
set of oblique Cartesian axes to another; and give geometrical 
interpretations in some special case. 

Shew that an elliptic paraboloid has no_ hyperbolic 
sections, and that, if it be a surface of revolution, the latus 
rectum of each parabolic section is constant, and the locus 
of the foci of all the parabolic sections is an equal paraboloid, 


8. Give a process for reducing the integral i ax|(a'x? 
+ 2b'x+¢) ,/(ax? + 2bx +c), where 6% « δ΄ (. 
Reduce | dx/x* ,/(«?+a) and | dx cosh«x cos *x. 


g. Establish Jacobi’s formula for transforming a multiple 
integral; and apply it to prove that B(mm,)=IT(m)I(z) 
/T(m+n). 


rl 
Shew that | dao τ 4. 2-1) Ig get Ea 
0 


/U(m+n). 
_ to. Prove that the /-discriminant locus of the equation 
2(x,y,p) =o is in general a locus of cusps. 

Find the locus of inflexions on the integral curves of 
x°p? + yp +y =o; and verify by approximate calculation that 
x =o is part of this locus. 

11. If the differential equations 9(x,y,p)=a, V(x,y,p) =0 
be independent first integrals of the same differential equation 
of the second order, shew how to integrate the equation 


F{ W(x,y,2); ψία,»,2)} =0. 


Mathematics. 299 


ay I dy\2 I ay 
dx? x7 — 1 eS Sane ae 

12. Establish the so-called dual transformation of a partial 
differential equation of the first order ; and indicate a general 
class of differential transformations of which it is a particular 
case. 

Integrate the equation 22(1 -- ΑἹ -Ἐ 22(y—1)g+x-y=0; 
also find one algebraic integral surface which touches the 
sphere x? + y?+22=1,; and shew that another can be found. 

Integrate x, 2,2 + x, pp? + x5 p,?=1. 


Integrate ες - ἐπ opy—x logs: 


and 


Σ Ga 
13. Shew how to integrate the equation o( 3) =O; 
where ® is a homogeneous integral function of d/dv and 
aldy. 


Solve x? 


2 2 


(LAT Lede 
dae 7 gyi 198 (9). 


TUESDAY, 31st March 1896.—g 10 12 o'clock. 


(Write Dissertations on not more than Two of the following 
subjects.) 


1. The solution of an algebraical equation by means of 
asymmetric rational functions of its roots, with special appli- 
cations to equations of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th degrees. 

2. The theory of the foci of a conic section. 

3. Ellipsoidal Co-ordinates. 

4. The expansion of an Algebraic Function in power 
series. 

5. The simultaneous reduction by a real transformation 
of two homogeneous quadratic functions to sums of squares, 
one of the quadratics being essentially positive. 

6. The solution of the equation 9(x,y,z.f,7) =o by means 
of a primitive involving a minimum of arbitrary constants. 


300 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours 


NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 
FIRST PAPER. 
TuEsDAY, 31s¢ March 1896.—z 20 5 o'clock. 
(Light Questions at most to be answered.) 


1. If the hodograph of a central orbit can also be a 
central orbit, the centre of attraction being the origin from 
which the velocities are drawn, show that the original 
central orbit is an ellipse or hyperbola. 

2. Find the brachistochrone between two given points 
for a particle whose speed in any position is directly as its 
distance from a third given point. 

3. Give the physical interpretation of the equation 

++ 2he + n?x=f(t) 
where /(¢) is a periodic function. Distinguish between the 
kinds of solution which arise ; discussing, in particular, the 
case when 22/z is the period of /(¢). If, in this case, & 
vanish, what is the form of solution ἢ 

4. A V-shaped combination of two uniform rods, freely 
jointed below, is suspended from a smooth horizontal rod 
by means of rings at the upper ends. The rods being of 
equal lengths but different masses, find the impulse with 
which they come together from any given initial configuration. 
If friction act at the points of suspension, show how to take 
account of it in forming the equations of motion. 

5. A given force acts along one of three rectangular 
axes, while a second force equal in magnitude acts along 
the line which cuts the other two axes at distances 1 and 3 
from the origin. Find the Central Axis and Resultant 
Couple. 

6. Given the principal axes and moments of inertia of 
two parts of the same body with respect to one and the 
same point, show how to find the like quantities for the 
whole body. 

From the interior of a spheroid of uniform density a 
concentric spheroidal portion is removed whose principal 


Natural Philosophy. 301 


axis of inertia makes angle ¢ with the principal axis of 
inertia of the whole, find the positions of the principal axes 
of the remaining shell. 

7. Find the periodic motion of a point, in one plane, 
under acceleration whose direction rotates uniformly, and 
whose magnitude is a simple harmonic function of time. 

8. Find the relation between the speeds with which a 
projectile, fired vertically, passes through any point of its 
path—the resistance being as the square of the speed— 
and compare the space-rates of loss of energy at that point, 
in the ascent and descent respectively. 

9. Analyse the homogeneous strain whose co-efficients 


are ΟΡ 
(9: (6): τὶ 
bee 


and find the change of length in the line whose direction 
is unaltered. 

το. Find the motion of a cube which rotates with the 
same constant angular velocity about each of three non- 
parallel, and non-intersecting, edges. 

r1. Show that the external equipotential surfaces of an 
ellipsoidal shell, whose surface-density varies as the central 
distance of the tangent plane, are confocal ellipsoids. 

12. Form the equation of heat conduction in a homo- 
geneous isotropic solid. Sketch the process of finding 
expressions for the temperatures of the various layers of 
an infinite plate whose faces have been long maintained 
at temperatures represented by the same simple harmonic 
function of time (with a constant added). 


SECOND PAPER. 


WeEpnEspDAY, 1st April 1896.—-g to 12 o'clock. 
(Light Questions at most to be answered.) 


1. A particle describes a circle under a retarding force 
whose direction makes a constant angle with the direction 
of motion. Determine the force and the motion. 

2. A heavy particle is attached to an inextensible string, 


302 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


the other end of which is fixed and is projected horizontally 
with speed V from the position of equilibrium. Discuss 
the motion and find the limiting values of VY between 
which the tension of the string is discontinuous. 

Find the value of V for which the particle is suddenly 
brought to rest and then oscillates. 

3. Discuss the conditions of stability when a uniform 
hemisphere rests symmetrically on the top of a rough fixed 
sphere. 

A rough sphere, of radius 20 inches, centre of mass 16 
inches above its centre, lies in a fixed spherical shell of 
radius 45 inches: shew that the equilibrium is stable. 

4. A rotating uniform sphere in vacuo whose centre is 
moving perpendicular to the axis of rotation impinges on a 
fixed perfectly rough plane parallel to the axis of rotation : 
determine the subsequent motion. 

Shew that if the velocity of the point which strikes the 
plane resolved parallel to the plane is $(e+1) times the 
component of the velocity of the centre in the same 
direction, the centre will retrace its path: e being the 
co-efficient of restitution. 

5. Define an electric condenser, and shew that the energy 
of a charged condenser is $}CV? where C is its capacity 
and V the potential difference between its surfaces. 

Of three thin conducting concentric spherical shells the 
inner is initially without charge, the middle one at a given 
potential, and the outer connected to earth. Find the fall 
in potential of the middle shell when the inner is put to 
earth, the dielectric between the inner and middle shells 
being air, and that between the middle and outer having a 
given and greater specific inductive capacity. 

6. Find the potential at any point due to a uniform sphere 
of unit density. 

Shew that if VY be the potential of any distribution of 

LEVEL a he : 
matter, then Tere gee ae (x, y, 2 being rectangular 


co-ordinates) is zero at a point free from matter and is 
-- 4πρ at a point where the density is ρ. 


Natural Philosophy. 303 


7. Calculate the attraction of a paraboloid of revolution 
(with height equal to diameter of base) upon an external 
point in the axis, the law of force being the inverse square, 
and the density uniform. 

8. Find the Magnetic Potential at any point due to a 
uniformly and linearly magnetised sphere. Sketch roughly 
the forms of the equipotential surfaces and of the lines 
of force, and show how to find the equation of the latter. 

9. Establish the theorem that the integral over a given 
closed surface, of the normal force due to matter attract- 
ing according to the law of the inverse square, is 
numerically equal to 47 times the amount of matter within 
the region enclosed by the surface. Thence show that the 
potential cannot have maximum or minimum yalues in a 
region void of matter. 

10. Use the theorem of the last question to prove the 
characteristic property of Tubes of Force; and apply this 
property to the investigation of the field of force in the 
region bounded by two infinitely long co-axal cylindrical 
surfaces bearing equal and opposite charges per unit length. 
Calculate the capacity of a finite length. 

11. Find the fundamental periods of small plane vibra- 
tions of a sphere which hangs from a fixed point by a string 
attached to a point in its surface, the length of the string 
and the diameter of the sphere being each one foot. 

12. Establish the general equations of equilibrium of a 
flexible cord, and apply them to the case of a chain hanging 
under gravity. 

If the chain, supposed uniform, hang from two given 
points at the same level, what weight must be attached to 
the lowest point so that each half may be part of a catenary 
whose vertex is vertically below the point of suspension of 
the other half? 

THIRD PAPER. 
WEDNESDAY, Ist April 1896.—2 720 αὶ o'clock. 
(Light Questions at most to be answered.) 

1. Form the differential equation for the Action of a free 

particle under a conservative system of forces. Discuss the 


304 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


case in which the variable term of the expression for the 
potential energy is proportional to the square of the distance 
from a fixed point. 

2. Find the utmost rate of descent of temperature with 
elevation which is consistent with atmospheric equilibrium. 

3. Find the nature of fluid motion in circles about an 
axis, when there is a velocity-potential, and shew how the 
portion which is at any instant in a plane through the axis 
becomes gradually deformed. 

4. Shew that the latent heat of isothermal expansion varies 
as the absolute temperature, and as the rate of increase of 
pressure with temperature at constant volume. What is the 


eth : εἰ d, 
physical interpretation of the condition ¢ ¥ —p=o? 


5. Find an expression for the excess of the specific heat 
of a body at constant pressure over that at constant volume, 
when the form of its isothermals on Watt’s diagram is given. 
Which of these quantities is the easier to measure in the 
case of a gas, and why? 

6. Find the distribution of electricity on the surfaces of 
each of a system of concentric spherical shells; when the 
charges of the rst, 3rd, 5th, etc., and the potentials of the 
2nd, 4th, 6th, etc., are given. 

7. Find the differential equation of the path of a particle 
under a central force. 

The central force being inversely proportioned to the 
square of the distance, determine the path of a particle pro- 
jected in a given manner. 

8. Two comets describing confocal conics with equal 
latera recta collide. Determine the second focus of the 
path of the combined masses ; and find the ratio of their 
masses if the path is a parabola. 

g. A particle slides under gravity on a smooth curve in 
a vertical plane: find the speed at any point and the 
pressure on the curve. 

A smooth parabolic cylinder has the axis of its section by 
a plane perpendicular to the generators vertical, and a 


English. 305 


particle resting on the highest generator is slightly disturbed. 
Determine its motion. 

to. Discuss the conditions of stability of a floating body. 

Find the part of the surface of flotation of a cube for 
which one corner only is not immersed, and shew that the 
equilibrium is stable if, and not unless, the specific gravity 
is greater than 748. 

11. Shew that in a fluid at rest under gravity the surfaces 
of equal pressure are horizontal planes. 

A right circular cone with its axis vertical and vertex 
upwards, just full of heavy fluid of uniform density ρ, is 
moved horizontally with uniform acceleration £ Shew that 
the resultant pressure on the base is the greater of xgp7*h 
and z/p7*, where 7. 15 the radius of the base, % the height of 
the cone. 

12. Determine the force acting on any element of a con- 
ductor in consequence of a charge of electricity on the 
conductor. 

Find the charge which must be given to a soap bubble in 
order that it may be in equilibrium with the internal and 
external air of the same density. 


C.—MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 
(Lxamination postponed till October.) 
D.—ENGLISH (LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND 
BRITISH. EUSTORY). 

FIRST PAPER, 

Fripay, 27¢h March 1896.—g to 12 o'clock. 
(N.B.—LVot more than NINE Questions to be attempted.) 


1. Compare the views of Aristotle as to the purpose and 
province of Rhetoric with those of Quintilian. 
2. Discuss Aristotle’s conception of the Ideal Tragic 
Hero. 
3. Explain Bacon’s views concerning the nature of Poesy, 
as given in the Advancement of Learning. 
U 


306 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


4. Summarise Guest’s account of the history of the 
Alexandrine verse ; ov, of the Common Metre. 

5. Sketch the history of Rhyme in English verse. 

6. Criticise Wordsworth’s teaching as to Poetic Diction. 

7. Give some account of the work of the Caroline poets, 
and estimate its value. 

8. Write a criticism of Milton’s prose. 

g. Trace the evolution of Literary Criticism from Dryden 
to Johnson. 

to. “The last years of Pope saw the Dawn of Naturalism 

English Poetry.” Explain and exemplify this. 

11. Sketch briefly the history of English Prose Style from 
Sir Thomas Browne to De Quincey. 

12. Write an appreciation of Scott as a poet. 


SECOND PAPER. 
Fripay, 27th March 1896.—2 to 5 o'clock. 


Write an Essay upon oxe of the following subjects :— 

1. The Renaissance elements in Elizabethan Literature. 

2. Rhythm in Prose. 

3. ‘The grand power of Poetry is its interpretative 
power.” —MaTTHEW ARNOLD. 


THIRD PAPER. 
SATURDAY, 28¢h March 1896.—9 fo 12 o'clock. 
(N.B.—Wot more than NinE Questions to be attempted.) 


1. Write a History of the Sonnet form, from its intro- 
duction till the time of Milton. 

2. Do the conditions of Theatrical performances account 
for any of the characteristics of the Elizabethan Drama ? 

3. Write an appreciation of Webster as a dramatist and 
poet. 

4. Consider the movement of English Prose from Ascham 
to Hooker. 

5. Give some account of Pamphlet Literature during 
your special period. 


English. 307 


6. Examine the work of the Historical Poets of the 
Elizabethan Period. 

7. Trace the Evolution of the Mask and explain Jonson’s 
treatment of it. 

8. What is the historical importance of the following 
works ?—7Z%e Steel Glass, The Mirror for Magistrates, 
Toxophilus, The Return from Parnassus, Defence of Rhyme, 
The Schoole of Abuse. 

9. Expound the literary doctrine of Zuphwes, and trace 
its influence on contemporary and later writers. 

to. Discuss Spenser’s Archaism as to its accuracy and 
purpose. — 

11. Write the praises of the Spenserian stanza. 

12. Give some account of the sources of Marlowe’s Dr 
Faustus, and discuss the arguments regarding the colla- 
borated parts. 

FOURTH PAPER. 


SATURDAY, 28¢4 March 1896.—2 ¢o αὶ o'clock. 
(N.B.—Wot more than NINE Questions to be attempted.) 


1. Consider how far Sidney’s Afpologie for Poetrie runs 
counter to the lines of movement of Elizabethan Literature. 

2. Note the general characteristics of the minor lyrists of 
the period as evidenced in Bullen’s Lyrics from the Eliza- 
bethan Song Books. 

3. Can you cite any parallelisms of thought or of expres- 
sion in Shakespeare’s Sonnets and in Hamlet? 

4. On what internal evidence would you rely in arguing 
the early date of Love's Labour's Lost? 

5. Write a characterisation of Henry V. as revealed in 
the play. 

6. Examine the soliloquies in /Hamd/ef, and their place 
and purpose in the play as illustrating Shakespeare’s Art. 

7. What features have led commentators to identify 
Prospero with Shakespeare himself ? 

8. Sketch the character of Horatio. 

g. ‘Bacon has the oratorical genius.” Show this from 
his Zssays. 


308 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


10. Trace the varying connotation of the term “ Humour” 
in your period, and explain it more fully with reference to 
Every Man in his Humour. 

11. “ Volpone is Jonson’s most characteristic play.” 
Justify this. 

12. By what influences was the character of Drummond’s 
poetry determined ἢ 


FIFTH PAPER. 


Monnay, 30¢4 March 1896.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


1. Translate, with linguistic notes, the following passage 
from the Saxon Chronicle :— 

Her on pysum gere foran to Eastron Eadweard cyning 
het ge faran pa burg et | Tofe ceastre. 1 hie ge timbran; 
Ἵ ba eft after pam on pam ilcan geare to gang dagum he het 
a timbran pa burg et Wiginga mere ; 

Py ilean sumera be twix hlaf mzessan y middum sumera 
se here breec pone frip of Ham tune, Ἵ of Ligera ceastre, ¥ 
ponan norpan, ¥ foron to Tofe ceastre, 4 fuhton on ba burg 
ealne deeg, jy pohton pzet hie hie sceolden abrecan ; ac hie 
peah awerede pet folc pe peer binnan wees op him mara fultum 
td com, Ἵ hie for leton pa pa burg, y foron aweg; ¥ pa eft 
swide rape zefter pam hie foron eft ut mid steel herge nihtes, 
Ἴ comon on tin ge arwe men, “y’ genomon un lytel, egper ge 
on mannum, ge on ierfe. be tweox Byrne wuda Ἵ Aigles 
byrig. 

Py ilcan sipe for se here of Huntan dune, ¥ of East 
Englum, 4 worhton pt ge weore zt T.emese forda, ¥ hit 
budon Ἵ bytledon, ¥ for leton pzet oper zt Huntan dune, ¥ 
pohton peet hie sceoldon panon of mid ge winne ¥ mid un 
(ἰὸς eft pes landes mare ge recan; } foran pet hie ge 
dydon εἰ Bedan forda, 4 pa foran pa men ut ongean pe }ver 
binnan weron, Ἵ him wip ge fuhton, 4 hie ge fliemdon, ¥ 
hira | godne del of slogon. 

2. (a) Discuss the origins of Geowulf and the form in 
which we have it. 

(4) Translate, with annotations :— 


English. 309 


Blondenfeaxe 
3omele ymb zodne on zeador sprzecon, 
peet hig pzes eedelinzes eft ne wendon, 
peet he sizehrediz secean come 
mzerne peoden, pa Sees monize zeweard, 
peet hine seo brimwylf abroten heefde. 
Da com non dees: nes ofzeafon 
hwate Scyldingas, 3ewat him ham ponon 
3oldwine z3umena. 3istas sean 
modes seoce and on mere staredon 
wiston and ne wendon, pzet hie heora winedrihten 
selfne sesawon. J)a beet sweord onsan 
eefter heaboswate hildezicelum, 
wigzbil wanian (paet wees wundra sum), 
peet hit eal zemealt ise zelicost, 
donne forstes bend feeder onlzted, 
onwinded weelrapas, se zeweald hafad 
sela and mela: pzet is sod metod! 
Ne nom he in pem wicum, Weder-Zeata leod, 
madm-ehta ma, peah he peer monize 3eseah, 
buton pone hafelan and pa hilt somod, 
since faze: sweord er zemealt, 
forbarn brodenmeel ; wzes pzet blod to pees hat, 
eettren ellorzest, se peer inne swealt. 
3. (a) Translate and annotate :— 
Crist wees on rodi 
hwepree per fusze 
fearran cwomu 
eeppilee til anum 
ic peet al beheald 
Sare ic wes mip sorgum gidraefid 


Mip strelum giwundzed 
alegdun hice hinze limwzerignee. 
gistoddun him @¢ his Zicees heafdum 
bihea/ddux hie per heafun. 
(ὁ) Give the Ruthwell Text forms of bysmeredon, bestemed, 
elmihtig, gealgan, butu, hyldan, une. 


310 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


(c) Discuss Mr Stopford Brooke’s conjecture that the 
Dream of the Rood as we have it was re-worked by Cynewulf. 
4. Translate and remark upon peculiarities of dialect in 
the following :— 
No, pu havest wel scharpe clawe, 
Ne kepich ποσὶ pat pu me clawe, 
Pu havest clivers swipe stronge, 
Pu twengst par-mid so dop a tonge. 
Pu poztest, so dop pin i-like, 
Mid faire worde me bi-swike ; 
Ich nolde don pat pu me raddest 
Ich wiste wel pat pu me misraddest ; 
Schamie pe for pin un-rede ! 
Un-wrozen is pi swikel-hede ; 
Schild pine swikeldom vram pe liste, 
And hud pat woze amon[g] pe riste. 
Pane pu wilt pin un-rizt spene, 
Loke pat hit ne beo i-sene ; 
Vor Swikedom havep schome and hete, 
aif hit is ope and under-zete. 
Ne speddestu nozt mid pine un-wrenche, 
For ich am war, and can wel blenche ; 
Ne helpp nozt pat pu beo to priste ; 
Ich wolde vizte bet mid liste, 
Pan pu mid al pine strengpe ; 
Ich habbe on brede, and ek on lengpe 
Castel god on mine rise ; 
“Wel fist pat wel flizt,” 561} pe wise. 
5. Translate, with notes, the following from Laurence 
Minot :— 
Pat fire ful many folk gan fere, 
When pai se brandes o-ferrum flye ; 
}15 haue pai women of pe were, 
De fals folk of Normundy. 
I sai 30w lely how pai lye 
Dongen doun all in a daunce ; 
Paire frendes may ful faire forpi 
Pleyn bam vyntill Iohn of France. 


English. ἍΤῚ 
Franche men put pam to pine 

At Cressy, when pai brak pe brig, 

Pat saw Edward with both his ine. 

Pan likid him no langer to lig ; 

Ilk Inglis man on ofers rig, 

Ouer pat water er pai went ; 

To batail er bai baldly big, 

With brade ax and with bowes bent. 


With bent bowes pai war ful bolde, 
Forto fell of pe Frankisch men ; 
Pai gert tham lig with cares colde, 
Ful sari was sir Philip pen. 

He saw pe toun o-ferrum bren, 
And folk for ferd war fast fleand ; 
Pe teres he lete ful rathly ren 

Out of his eghen, I vnderstand. 


6. Give some account of the sources whence Layamon 
derived the matter of the Avwzf, and translate, with annota- 
tions, the following lines :— 


Heengest eode in to pan inne‘! Hezeze iborezne men‘ 


per wunede Rouwenne. 

he heo lette scruden ‘ 

mid vnimete prude. 

al  scrud pe heo hafde on: 
heo weoren swide wel ibon. 
heo weoren mid pan bezste { 
ibrusted mid golde. 

Heo bar an hive honde: 
ane guldene bolle. 

i-uulled mid wine ‘ 

pe wes wunder ane god. 


heo leedden to hallen. 
biuoren pan kinge‘ 
fairest alre pinge. 
Reowen set a cneowe‘ 
& cleopede to pan kinge. 
& pus eerest seeide ‘ 

in Ainglene londe. 
Lauerd king wees heeil ‘ 
for pine kime ich zm uein. 
Pe king pis iheerde 

& nuste what heo seide 


7. (a) Quote from Chaucer’s Prologue to the Canterbury 
Tales such lines as seem to you best to characterise the six 


most important pilgrims. 


(6) Give instances from the Prologue of the strength of 
the French element in Chaucer’s language. 
(c) Annotate the following :— 


412 L£xamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


(1) ‘Ful fetys was hire cloke, as I was waar.” 
(2) “I saugh his sleves purfiled atte honde 
With grys, and that the fynest of a londe.” 
(3) ‘“ Hit snewede in his hous of mete and drynke.” 
(4) ‘ For whether that he payde, or took by taille, 
Algate he waytede so in his achate, 
Thar he was ay biforn and in good state.” 
(5) “Α vernicle hadde he sowed upon his cappe 
His walet lay byforn him in his lappe 
Bretful of pardoun come from Rome al hoot.” 
(6) “ He kepte his pacient wonderly wel 
In houres by his magik naturel.” 
(7) “A schirreve hadde he ben, and a countour 
Was nowher such a worthi vavasour.” 
8. (a) Translate, with annotations upon obscure and 
obsolete terms, the following passage from Gavin Douglas :— 
For to behald, it was a gloir to se 
The stabillit wyndis and the cawmyt see, 
The soft sessoun, the firmament serene, 
The lowne illumynat air, and fyrth amene ; 
The syluer scalyt fyschis on the greit 
Ourthwort cleir stremis sprynkland for the heyt, 
Wyth fynnis schynand brovn as synopar, 
And chyssell talis, stowrand heyr and thar 
The new cullour alychtnyng all the landis, 
Forgane thir staunyris schane the beryall strandis, 
Quhill the reflex of the diurnal bemis 
The bene bonkis kest ful of variant glemis, 
And lusty Flora did hyr blomis spreid 
Under the feit of Phebus sulzart steid ; 
The swardit soyll enbrovd wyth selcouth hewis 
Wod and forest obumbrat with thar bewis 
Quhois blissful branchis, porturat on the grund, 
With schaddois schene schew rochis rubycund ! 
Towris, turattis, kyrnellis, pynnaclis hie 
Of kirkis, castellis and ilke faire cite 
Stude payntit, euery fyall, fane and stage 
Apon the plane grund, by thar awin umbrage. 


English. “313 


(ὁ) Trace the Chaucerian influences upon Gavin Douglas 
and expound his theory of translation as given in Zhe 
Proloug of the First Butk of Eneados. 


SIXTH PAPER. 


Mownpay, 30¢h March 1896.—2 to 5 o'clock. 


1. Trace the influence of French upon Middle English 
and Middle Scots respectively, and consider the various 
theories of its reach and linguistic results in each. 

2. How does the Syntax of Late Middle English differ 
from that of Old English? Enumerate the more important 
differences and account for them as far as you can. 

3. Give some account of the influences, external or other- 
wise, affecting Old English previous to the Norman Con- 
quest. Illustrate results upon both structure and vocabulary. 

4. Give some account of the more important consonantal 
changes and intrusions that have affected English since the 
Conquest. 

5. Make a study of the language of Gavin Douglas with 
special reference to its constituents and its relation to the 
English and Scots of the time. 

6. Distinguish the various dialects of English in the 
Thirteenth Century and enumerate their more prominent 
points of difference. Relate them, where possible, to dialec- 
tical forms previous to the Conquest. 

7. Give some account of the Subjunctive Mood in 
Old English ; or, 

Distinguish between strong and weak inflections of Old 
English adjectives. 

8. Identify the dialect of the following passages and give 
your reasons :— 

(a) Gop ha seide into bethleem and sechep pet child. 
and wanne ye hit habbeth hi-funde swo an-uret hit. and 
efter bet cometh to me. and hic wille go and an-uri hit. 
Pet ne seide he nocht herodes for pet he hit wolde on-uri 
ac for pet he hit wolde slon. yef he hit michte finde. Po 
kinges hem wenten and hi seghen po sterre pet yede bi-fore 


314 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


hem. al-wat hi kam over po huse. war ure louerd was. and 
al swo hi hedden i-fonden ure louerd‘ swo hin an-urede. 
and him offrede hire offrendes. 

(4) ἘΠῚ) ham ich biheolt pe cunfessurs hird pe liueden 
igod lif. ant haliche deiden. pe schined as dod steorren ipe 
eche blissen. az¢ seod godd in his wlite pat haue®d alle 
teares iwipet of hare ehnen. Ich iseh pat schene. ant pat 
brihte ferreden of pe eadi meidnes ilikest towart engles. ant 
feolohlukest wid ham blissin af gleadien. pe libbinde 
iflesche ouevgad flesches lahe ant ouevcumed cunde pe 
leaded heouenlich lif in eorde as ha wunied hare murhde. 
ant hare blisse. pe feierlec of hare wlite. be swetnesse of 
hare song! ne mei na tunge tellen. 

(c) Lauverp, in pi telde wha sal wone ? 

In pi hali hille or wha reste mone ? 

Whilke pat incomes wemles, 

And ai wirkes rightwisenes ; 

Pat spekes sothnes in hert his, 

And noght dide swikeldome in tung his, 

Ne dide to his neghburgh iuel ne gram ; 

Ne ogaines his neghburgh vpbraiding nam. 

To noght es lede lither in his sight ; 

And dredand Lauerd he glades right. 

(4) Hit bi-fel in pat forest * pere fast by-side, 

per woned a wel old cherl * pat was a couherde, 
pat fele wintevres in pat forest * fayre had kepud 
Mennes ken of be cuntre * as a comen herde ; 
& pus it bitide pat time ᾿ as tellen oure bokes, 
pis cowherd comes on a time * to kepen is bestes 
Fast by-side pe borwz * bere pe barn was inne. 
pe herd had with him an hound ᾿ his hert to list, 
forto bayte on his bestes * wanne pai to brode went. 
pe herd sat ban wip houzd « azene pe hote sunne, 
Nouszt fully a furlong ᾿ fro pat fayre child, 
clouztand kyndely his schon ° as to here craft falles. 

g. Translate the following passages :— 

(a) After pissum hé férde to Philistéa lande, into anre 
byrig on hiera onwealde, Gaza ge-haten. And hie pas 


English. 315 


feesnodon; be-setton pa pet hiis pe hé inne wunode ; 
woldon hine ge-niman mid pm pe hé ut éode on zrne- 
mergen, and hine of-sléan. Hwzet pa Samson hiera sier- 
wunga under-geat, and a-ras on middre nihte to-middes 
his féondum, and ge-nam pa burg-geatu, and ge-beer on his 
hrycge mid pm postum, swa swa hie be-locenu weron, up 
tO anre dine to ufe-weardum pm cnolle ; and éode swa 
or-sorg of hiera ge-sihpum. 


(ὁ) Silence évere et te mete; vor gif Opre religitise dop 
hit, ase σὲ wel wiitep, σῷ Owen bivoren alle. ἃ gif éni 
havep déore gist, do hire meiden ase in hire stiide te gledien 
hire vére, & héo schal habben leave t6 openen hire piirl 
énes Oper twies, & makien singnes touward hire of One glede 
chére. Summes kurteisie is nO-pe-leas itiirnd hire τὸ tivele. 
Under semblaunt of god is ofte iheled siinne. Ancre ἃ 
hises lefdi Ouh miiche to béon bitwéonen. Everiche vrideie 
of be ger holdep silence, bitte gif hit béo duble féste; ἃ 
teonne holdep hit sum Oper daii pe wike; i iat Advent, 
& i pe Umbridawes, wodnesdawes, & fridawes ; i pe leinten 
préo dawes, & al pe swiwike vort non of Esteréven. To 
Owr meiden σῷ muwen pauh siggen mid liit wordes hwat-se 
ae wiillep ; & gif Eni god mon is feorrene ikumen, hercnep 
his spéche, and onsweriep mid lit wordes to his askunge. 


(c) Her for se here of East Engluvz ofer Humbre muban 
A Eofor wic ceastre on Norphymbre, Ἵ per wees micel 


un ‘pueernes peere peode betweo'x’ him selfu, hie heefdun 
hiera cyning aworpenne Osbryht, 4 ungecyndne cyning 
underfengon Ellan; 4 hie late on geare to pam gecirdon 
pet hie wip pone here winnende werun, Ἵ hie peah micle 
fierd gegadrodon, 4 pone here sohton et Eoforwic ceastre, 
4 on pa ceastre br.econ, 4 hie sume inne wurdon, ¥ per was 
ungemetlic wel geslegen Norpan hymbra, sume binnan, 
sume butan; ¥ pa cyningas begen ofslagene, Ἵ 510 laf wip 
pone here frip nam. 


(4) Ich am eldre pan ich wes a winter and ek on lore. 
Ich welde more pan ich dude. my wyt auhte beo more. 


316 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


Wel longe ich habbe child ibeo. a werke and eke on dede. 
Pah ich beo of wynter old. to yong ich am on rede. 
Vnned if lich habbe ilad. and yet me pinkp ich lede. 
Hwenne ich me bibenche. ful sore ich me adrede. 

Mest al pat ich habbe idon. is idelnesse and chilce. 
Wel late ich habbe me bi-pouht. bute god do me mylce. 
Veole idel word ich habbe ispeke. seoppe ich speke cube. 
And feole yonge deden ido. pat me of-pinchep nube. 

Al to l6me ich habbe agult. on werke and on worde. 

Al to muchel ich habbe i-spend. to lutel i-leyd an horde. 
Best al pat me likede er. nv hit me mys-lykep. 

Pe muchel folewep his wil. him seolue he bi-swikep. 
Mon let pi fol lust ouer-go. and eft hit pe likep. 

Ich myhte habbe bet i-do. heuede ich eny selhpe. 

Nv ich wolde and i ne may. for elde. ne for vnhelhpe. 
Elde is me bi-stolen on. er pan ich hit wiste. 

Ne may ich biseo me bi-fore. for smoke ne for myste. 
Erewe we beop to donne géd. vuel al to priste. 

More eye stondep mon of mon. pan him to cryste. 


ENGLISH (GENERAL BritisH HIsTory). 
Turspay, 5152 March 1896.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


(N.B.—JVot more than NINE Questions to be attempted. The 
Questions should be selected from different paris of the 
paper.) 

1. Compare the organisation and principles of the early 
Celtic and Roman churches, and account for the eventual 
domination of the latter in England and Scotland. 

2. To what extent were feudal customs developed in 
England before 1066 ? 

3. What light does the history of Godwin and his sons 
throw on the political conditions of England in their day? 

4. What defects in the Norman system were discovered 
by the events of Stephen’s reign ? 

5. Enumerate, and describe the limits of, Henry [15 
possessions in France, stating how and when they were lost 
to England.. 


English, 317 


6. What decisive changes did the kingdom of Scotland 
undergo in the 11th and rath centuries ἢ 

7. Distinguish between monks and friars, and state shortly 
what you know about the most influential orders in the time 
of Henry III. 

8. What claim has Edward I to be considered the 
“ἐ sreatest of the Plantagenets” ? 

9. Compare Chaucer’s view of English society with that 
of Langland. Which do you think the more correct ἢ 

to. What special causes of anarchy existed (a) in Eng- 
land, (4) in Scotland, in the 15th century, and what were 
common to both countries ? 

tt. Criticise the Tudor policy in Ireland, stating and 
explaining the changes which it underwent. 

12. Examine the aims and methods of Mary Stewart dur- 
ing her personal reign in Scotland. 

13. Compare the principles of government followed by 
Charles I with those of Charles II. 

14. Account in general terms for the success of British 
foreign policy during the period 1700-1763. 

15. Note succinctly the historical value of the writings of 
Milton, Dryden, Swift, Horace Walpole, Junius. 

16. What considerations led Pitt to insist on the Union 
with Ireland ? 

17. Relate the history of the Chartist movement, and 
examine the causes of its growth and ultimate decay. 

18. Is Lord Palmerston to be regarded as a follower of 
Canning in respect of his foreign and domestic policy ? 


BRITISH HISTORY. 
SECOND PAPER. 
TuEspDAY, 315¢ March 1896.—2 to 5 o'clock. 
1. Five only of the following subjects to be discussed :— 
(a) Pre-Wycliffite conflicts between State and Church. 
(ὁ) Wycliffe’s Precursors. (c) Career of Wycliffe in outline. 


(4) Wycliffe’s distinctive doctrines, ecclesiastical and 
political. (6) Wycliffe, Chaucer, Langland, (/) Wycliffism 


318 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


and Lollardy, 1384-1517. (9) The Oxford Reformers. 
(2) The English Bible and its history. 

2. Explain and discuss briefly λάχε of :— 

(a) Statuit rex ne religiosi terras aut tenementa ulterius 
sibi appropriarent, nisi salvo jure et servitio dominorum 
feudi quorumcunque. (ὁ) Clero in denegatione persistente 
subsidii, Rex ipsum a sua protectione exclusit. (Ὁ Whan 
Adam dalf and Eve span, Wo was thanne a gentilman? 
(4) If they meynten here opiniones, thei schuld be com- 
mitted to seculere hand, and thei schuld brenne hem and 
her bokes. (6) He sette not his benefice to hyre, ... And 
ran to London . . . to seeken him a chaunterie for soules. 
(7) Impanatio; accidentia sine substantia; supererogata 
merita; dominium; officium regis; vir evangelicus ; vera 
ecclesia. 

E.—HISTORY. 


CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY. 
FIRST PAPER. 
Fripay, 27th March 1896.—9 to 12 o'clock 

Write short essays on ¢ivee subjects in each of the follow- 
ing groups :— 

I.— ENGLISH. 

(a) The Revolution Kingship. (4) Party Government. 
(c) The Elder Pitt, or Burke, or the Younger Pitt. (2) The 
American Revolution. (e) Cabinet System. (7) Religious 
Toleration. (g) Parliamentary Reform. 

II.—ForEIGN. 

(a) Constitution of the U.S.A. (4) The present French 
Polity. (c) The modern German Empire. (4) The Prussian 
form of Government. (6) The Swiss Confederation. (7) 
Principles and peculiarities of the above constitutions, 
historically and critically considered. 

SECOND PAPER. 
Fripay, 27¢i March 1896.—z2 to 5 o'clock. 


I. Write short essays on four of the following subjects :— 
(a) Wycliffe’s Precursors; (ὁ) The Hildebrandine Revival ; 


English. 319 


(c) Wycliffe’s doctrines, in outline; (4) His political influ- 
ence; (e) Lollardy; (7) Council of Constance, or that of 
Basel ; (9) Wycliffism in Bohemia; (Δ) The good seed in 
England (1384-1517). 

II. Translate, explain, and discuss ¢hvee of the following 
passages or groups :— 

(a) Tha com se erceb. of Cantwarabyrig to Rome and 
wees theere fulle seouenight cer he mihte cumen to thes papes 
sprece; . . . forthan thet he hefde underfangen thone 
zercebiscoprice togeanes tha muneces of the mynstre and 
togeanes rihte. Ac thet ofercom Rome thet ofercumeth 
eall weoruld, theet is gold and seolure, and se pape gaf him 
his pallium. 

(ὁ) Isto anno in tantum permissa est Romanorum ascencio 
quod episcopus Lincolniensis super hoc stupefactus fecit a 
suis clericis diligenter computari et considerari alienorum 
proventus in Anglia. ... Redditus clericorum alienorum 

. ad lxx. millia marcorum ascendit ; redditus vero regis 
non ad ejus partem tertiam computatur. 

(c) The Church of Rome is not hed of alle cherchis. 
Peter had no more auctorite thanne the othir Aposteles, ne 
the Pope no more power than anothir prest. ‘Temporal 
lordes may take away the godes fro the church whan the 
persones trespasin. . . . Wiclef resumed the eld dampned 
opinion of Berengari. 

(4) Now hath the pope pouwer . pardoun to graunte, 

The people withoute penaunce . to passe to Joye. 
This is a lef of vre bileeue . as lettret men vs techeth, 
And so bileeue I lelly . (vr lord forbeode hit elles !) 
That pardoun and penaunce . and prayers don sauen 
Soules that han sunget . seuen sithes dedlich. 

(6) I smelle a loller in the wynd, quod he. 

‘Hoo! good men,’ quod our hoste, ‘ herkneth me, 
Abydeth, for goddes digne passioun, 

For we shal han a predicacioun ; 

This loller heer wil prechen vs som-what.’ 

‘ He shal no gospel glosen heer ne teche, 


320 Examination for Degree of M.A. with Hononrs. 


He wolde sowen som difficultee, 

Or springen cokkel in our clene corn. 
(f) L’ Ordre de Bel-Eyse.... 

Freres e sueres ensemble ; 

C’est bon Ordre, come me semble... . 

E sount cheschun jour yvre, 

Quar ne sevent autre vivre ; 

Més il le fount pur compagnie, 

E ne mie pur glotonie. . . 

E tote foiz apres manger 

Deyvent il de dreit precher . 

E les cuers serront enmoistez, 

De plus leger serrount oyez. 


? 


THIRD PAPER. 
SATURDAY, 28¢4 March 1896.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


I. Discuss five of the following topics :— 

(a) The Anglo-Saxon conception of kingship. (ὁ) The 
Norman monarchy. (c) The era of Magna Charta. (d) The 
Lancastrian régime. (e) Henry VIII. and Charles I. con- 
trasted. (7) The Revolution of 1688-9. (g) The British 
kingship in 1780 and 1880. 

II. Explain and discuss /Avee of the following passages :— 
(az) Ther bith ij kyndes of Kyngdomes .. . dominium 
regale and dominium politicum et regale. (b) He mey sett 
vppon thaim tayles and imposicions with owt thair assent. 
(c) Seynt Louis sette neuer tayles with owt the assent of 
the 11) estates. (4) But sithyn the Ffrench kynges haue 
yerely sette tayles vpon the commons with owt the assent 
of the 11] estates. (e) Wer thurgh thai gon crokyd, and ben 
feble, not able to fight . . . and the kynge is compellid to 
make his armeys of straungers. (/) Ffor lake off money, 
the kynge rewarded tham with lande, . . . γῆ aboff thair 
merytes, the lande shulde retorne to the Crowne. (g) The 
kynge’s counsell was wonned to be chosen off the grete 
lordes off the lande . . . but hit is thought gode that ther 
were chosen xij spirituell men and xij temporell men off 
the wysest and best disposed. 


English. 227 


HISTORY (BritisH History). 
FIRST PAPER. 
Monpay, 30¢h March 1896.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


(N.B.—JVot more than E1cut Questions to be attempted.) 

1. Compare the four Conquests—Roman, Anglo-Saxon, 
Danish, Norman—in respect of (a) their nature, (6) their 
limits, (Ὁ) their effect on the political unification of the 
country. 

2. Show how Northumbria bade fair to be the nucleus of 
a state including the whole of Britain, and explain why this 
prospect was not realised. 

3. What measures were adopted by the four Norman 
kings to curb the power of the Baronage, and with what 
SUCCESS ἢ 

4. Contrast the condition of Ireland in the sixth and 
eleventh centuries, and account for the change. 

5. What were the questions at issue between Church and 
Crown in the reigns of Henry I. and Henry II., and how 
were they settled ? 

6. Indicate the leading features in the misgovernment of 
Henry III., and the measures adopted by the Barons to put 
an end to it. 

7. Give illustrations of the prevalence of Norman in- 
fluence in Scotland in the twelfth century. 

8. Trace the development of the constitution of Parlia- 
ment in Edward I.’s reign, and illustrate by a detailed 
description of the Model Parliament. 

g. Explain Edward I.’s different schemes for uniting Scot- 
land with England, and account for his failure in each case. 

to. Show how the medizval Guilds influenced (a) trade 
and industry, (4) the development of the town. 

11. What are the chief authorities for the Battle of 


‘Hastings? Give a critical estimate of their value as his- 


torical authorities. 

12. Mention the more important English historians of 
the twelfth ov the thirteenth century, and give a detailed 
estimate of any ove of them. 


x 


322 Lxamination for Degree of M.A. with Honours. 


SECOND PAPER. 
Monpay, 30th March 1896.—2z 10 5 o'clock. 


(N.B.—WVol more than Four Questions to be attempted in 
each section.) 


1 


1. Show (with the aid of a map, if possible) what parts of 
France belonged to the King of England in 1200, 1300, 
1360, 1420, and 1450, and state the immediate cause for 
the changes at each successive period. 

2. Give an outline of the chief events in Edward III.’s 
war against France to 1360, and show how the war reacted 
on the commercial development and social condition of 
England. 

3. What anti-Papal legislation was passed in Edward III.’s 
reign, and what abuses rendered it necessary ? 

4. Give a detailed account of the causes of the rising of 
EZS1. 

5. Write an account of the difficulties James I. of Scot- 
land had to encounter on his return to his kingdom, and of 
the measures he adopted to overcome them. 

6. How do you account for the collapse of the Lancastrian 
monarchy ? What light is thrown on the event by the writ- 
ings of Fortescue and the Paston Letters ? 

7. Explain the Statute of Kilkenny, and the circumstances 
which led to its being passed. 


ΠῚ: 


8. What are the chief measures by which the Reformation 
was carried out in England? Contrast the process with 
that by which the Reformation was achieved in Scotland. 

g. Illustrate and explain the decline of French and the 
rise of English influence in Scotland in the sixteenth century. 

to. At what periods of English history have Impeach- 
ments been common? Explain why they have been com- 
paratively frequent at these periods and rare at others. 

11. ‘Trace and account for the changes in the relation- 


English. 323 


ship between England and Holland throughout the seven- 
teenth century. 

12. What attempts were made, after the Union of the 
Crowns, to bring about a closer union between England 
and Scotland? What obstacles deferred success in each 
case, and what forces contributed most to its ultimate 
accomplishment ? 

13. What were the chief features of the domestic policy 
of Walpole, or the younger Pitt ? 

14. Explain the constitution and working of Grattan’s 
Parliament, and show why it was extinguished. 


HISTORY (ENGLAND AND Europe, 1815-1878). 
FIRST PAPER. 


TuESDAY, 2157 March 1896.—g to 12 o'clock. 


(N.B.—WVot more than E1GHT Questions to be attempted.) 

τ. Illustrate the influence of Austria in Italy from 1820 
to 1831. 

2. To what extent is Canning to be regarded as a 
regenerator of Europe ? 

3. Discuss the policy of the reactionary party in France 
between 1820 and 1830. Are any parallels to be found in 
Great Britain ἢ 

4. Sketch the history of the Greek Insurrection, and 
explain its success. 

5. Can you illustrate from the memoirs of Chateaubriand 
and Guizot the attitude of the reactionary and liberal parties 
in France before the Revolution of July? 

6, Trace the changes undergone by the foreign policy of 
Louis Philippe. What effect did they produce on his 
position in France? 

7. Sketch the life and estimate the importance of Thiers 
or of Lamartine (a) as a politician, (6) as a writer. 

8. Compare the careers and aims of Don Miguel and 
Don Carlos in Portugal and Spain. 


9. What is your opinion of Sir Robert Peel as a states- 
man? 


224 Examination for Degree 9) M.A. with Honours. 


το. What effect did economical questions and socialistic 
theories have in preparing the Revolution of 1848 (a) in 
France, (2) in the rest of Europe ἢ 


SECOND PAPER. 
ΤΌΕΒΡΑΥ, 31st March 1896.—2 to 5 o'clock. 
(N.B.—Vot more than E1cur Questions to be attempted.) 


1. To what causes do you attribute Louis Napoleon’s 
success in setting up the Second Empire? 

2. Criticise the policy of Charles Albert in 1848-49. 

3. “The jealous spirit of nationality was at once the 
source and the bane of the Hungarian Revolution.” Com- 
ment on this remark. 

4. Why is the Conference at Olmiitz regarded as so 
humiliating an event for Prussia ἢ 

5. What are the chief contemporary authorities for the 
French Revolution of 1848? Give some criticism of any 
one of them. 

6. Discuss the motives of (a) France, (ὁ) Great Britain in 
entering upon the Crimean War, and criticise the policy of 
Austria in this connexion. 

7. Draw a comparison between Bismarck and Cavour in 
respect of their aims and methods, and the difficulties which 
they respectively had to overcome. 

8. Write a life and estimate the political importance of 
Mazzini or of Garibaldi. 

g. Sketch briefly the history of the Franco-German war of 
1870-71, and explain the success of Germany. 

to. Trace the origin of the Russo-Turkish war of 1878. 
In what state did it leave the Balkan Peninsula? 

GRADUATES IN ARTS: 
SPONSIO ACADEMICA, 

Nos qui Nomina subsignamus Magisterii titulo jamjam 

conandi Spondemus nos in omni debitae gratitudinis officio 


erga Universitatem Academicam Edinburgensem ad extremum 
vitae halitum perseveraturos. 


Graduates in Arts with Honours. 325 


GRADUATES WITH HONOURS—1889-1896 cnclusively. 


The names of all Graduates in Arts with Honours previously to 1889 
will be found in the List of Graduates of the University published in 
1889. 


The contractions Class., Phil., Math., Engl., and Nat. Sc., indicate 
the Departments or Groups of Classics, Mental Philosophy, Mathematics 
and Natural Philosophy, English, and Natural Science, respectively ; 
and the Italic Numerals, t., it., and wit. indicate First, Second, and 


Third Class Honours respectively, 


1889. 
Class. 1., Patrick Duncan, Harry 
Angus Alexander Kennedy, 


Thomas Ross Mills, Jas. Cruick- | 


shank Smith, John Tennant, 
Class. 7t., Robert Alex. Falconer, 
Alexander Harris Hutt. 


Fhil. t., Charles Mackinnon Dou- | 


glas, William George Smith. 
Phil. tt., David Walton Vaughan. 
Math. z., James Ireland Craig, 
William Andrew Knowles, Jas. 
Fairbairn M‘Kean. 
Nat, Sc., Alexauder Bremner, John 
Brown Clark, David Davidson, 


John Melvin Lowson, Robert | 


Stewart M ‘Dougall, John Mach- 
ray, John Hally Meikle, Harry 
Fisher Menzies, Alexander Gor- 
don Wallace, John Young. 


1890. 


Class. 1., John Maclennan, James | 


Watt. 

Class. 11., William Brereton Den- 
nison, William Barron Steven- 
son. 

Phil. i., Andrew Nisbet Bogle, 


Duncan Mackenzie, Thomas 
Dixon Rutherford, — James 
Stewart. 


Phil. it., Henry Reynolds Brown, 
William Elmslie Wilkie Brown 
Dempster, Arthur Herbert Gray, 
Walter Hardie. 

Math. 7., Charles Tweedie. 


| Mat. Sc., James Adamson, William 
| Lewis Martin, John Myles, 
| Andrew Robertson Wilson. 


| 1891. 
Class. zz., John Adar Norrie, 
William Gibson Wedderspoon. 


| Phil. 7., Henry Barker, John 
Davidson, Walter Charles 
Murray. 


| Pal, 11., Alexander Grieve, Wm. 
Allan Neilson, Alexander Joseph 
Pearse. 

Math. 1., John Forbes, Adam 
Mitchell Hunter, William Ed- 
ward Philip, William Leslie 

| Thomson, John Turner. 

Nat. Sc., Robert Pollok, James 


| Rodger Watson. 


1892. 

| Class. t7,., Peter Campbell, William 

| Gracie, Hugh Ross Mackin- 
tosh. 


| Phil. ἐς, Hugh Ross Mackintosh. 

| Phil. ἑἰς, Thomas Linton, William 

Joseph Pennell. 

| Math. z., James Mitchell. 

| Math. it., Alexander Campbell 

Mackay. 

| Nat. Sc., John Smith Flett. 

| 1893. 

| Class. 7., Robert Gordon McKer- 
ron. 

Class. 77., Walter Robertson Hen- 
derson, Hugh Lugton Jackson, 
Robert Montgomerie Samson. 


426 


Phil. t., Alexander Beith Mac- 
aulay, Hugh Pattison Macmil- 
Jan, Lilias Maitland. 

Phil. 7., William John Collier, 
Sydney Smith, William Finlay- 
son Trotter. 

Math. i., Neil Macmichael. 

Math. it., George Lowe Moffat, 
Frank Spence, Thomas Wilkie 
Wilson, James Wood. 

Nat. Sc., Frank Spence, William 
White Taylor, William Watson. 


1894. 

Class 7., George Liddell, James 
Middleton Moore, Robt. Lindsay 
Ross. 

Phil t., James Black Baillie. 

Math. 1., Alexander George Bur- 


gess, John Watt Butters, Henry | 


Herd, John Alexander John- 


ston. 


Math. ii., Thomas Cleghorn 
Baillie. 
Jat. Sc., John Watt Butters. 


1895. 

Class. z., Francis Dewar, William 
Jobn Keith, Alexander Buchanan 
Macdonald, William Wallace 
M‘Kechnie, Alfred Croom 
Paterson, William David Ross. 


Graduates in Arts with Honours. 


Class. 77., George Duncan Low, 
Peter M‘Gregor, James Mac- 
Kenna, Charles Cunningham 
Watson. 

Phil. ἡ... John Macaskill. 

+ Phil, z., James Bonnar Russeil, 

| Robert Whyte. 

Math. i., John Forbes Cameron, 
Hugh Archibald Jamieson, 
James Alexander Macdonald, 
Thomas William Pickles. 

| Math. z7., Robert Candlish Melville 

| Bell 

Engl. t., David Nichol Smith. 

1896. 

Class. 1., Alexander Macgregor, 
Jessie Thomson Muir. 

Class. ti., Marshall Newton Goold 
Gray, Tom Bell Maxwell Lamb, 
William Robb. 

| Math. and Nat. Phil. t., Malcolm 
Caird M‘Alpin, Andrew Cam- 
eron Smith, Frank Guthrie 
Smith. 

Math. and Nat. Phil. ii., John 
Smith Begg, Leopold Octavius 
Critchley. 

_£Engl. t., George Douglas Shep- 

| herd. 

| Engl. iz., Emily Moir Milligan. 

Engl. tit,, Louisa Reid Boyd. 


ORDINARY DEGREE, 1895-96. 
Ist August 1895. 


Alexander Maclennan Gordon. 
Robert Gray. 


Robert Candlish Henderson. 
George M‘Lennan. 


26th October. 


George Nisbet Dods. 
John Gibson. 
3enjamin Ernest Horlick. 


Norman Graham Lindsay. 
William Smith Simpson. 
Frank Gillies Sutherland. 


11th April 1896. 


1 Adams, Alexander Edgar. 
Aikman, William Keith, 
Alexander, Archibald. 
Braine, Edward Arthur. 


5 Brown, Campbell. 
Brown, James 
Leigh. 
| Buchanan, Robert Wilson. 


M ‘Culloch 


20 


Graduates in Arts with Honours. 27 


Burns, James Golder. 
Cameron, Helen. 
10 Chalmers, John. 
Clark, Robert Veitch. 
Dickson, James Robertson. 
Doig, John M‘Farlane. 
Donaldson, James. 
15 Drummond, Catherine 
bella. 
Duncan, Thomas Ogilvy. 
Duncanson, Francis. 
Fairweather, George Moncur. 
Gillam, John Duke. 
Gray, Alexander. 
Gray, James. 
Guild, James Harrower. 
Guthrie, William. 
Hyde, John. 
25 Kerr, Wilhelmina Morris. 
Lindsay, Henry Inglis. 
Lowdon, Charles Ross. 
Lumsden, Oswald Farquhar. 
M ‘Dougall, John. 
30 M‘Inroy, James Stratton. 
M‘Ilvride, John Aikman. 
MacKenna, Robert William. 
Mackie, Charles. 
MacLean, John. 


Isa- 


40 


45 


50 


55 


60 


Macmillan, John M‘Callum 
Anderson. 
Mason, Isobel Bertram. 
Matthew, Isabella Wallace. 
Maxwell, William. 
Menmuir, Charles. 
Middleton, John, 
Millar, Gavin. 
Munro, William 
Brims. 
Nelson, David. 
Nobbs, Percy Erskine. 
Pitcairn, Agnes Hogg. 
Purves, James Watt. 
Reid, David. 
Ross, James Fleming. 
Smart, John. 
Smith, William Wright. 
Stewart, John Walter. 
Sturrock, William. 
Sutherland, Annie Campbell. 
Sutherland, David. 
Taylor, Walter Rhind. 
Torbett, George Montgomery. 
Tweedie, Charlotte Elizabeth. 
Welsh, Thomas Scott. 
Whytock, Alfred Stuart. 
Yuill, John. 


Charles 


35 M‘Leod, James Dryburgh. 


SCHOOLMASTER’S DIPLOMA. 
The Diploma was conferred on the following Candidates on 11th 
April 1896 :— 
A.—GENERAL DIPLOMA AND DIPLOMA FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS. 


James Mitchell, M.A., B.Sc., Edin. 
Mathematics). 


(First Class Honours in 


B,.—GENERAL DIPLOMA, 
Helen Cameron, M.A., Edin. 


LITERATE IN ARTS. 
Certificate conferred in 1895-96 :—Robert Erskine. 


328 


Rursaries, Prizes, Scholarships, and Fellotuships 
in Arts. 


0 
I—BURSARIES. 
aS Total |‘s %|. a| , Annual 
Υ̓͂ : of u = a uh 
toto Ss 2 Name of Founder. petal ὃ δ ὃ any 
ἘΞ] ncome. 14 5| leach Bursar. 
At present 
10 16— George Heriot. 4480 ο οἱ 16] 3] £30 
Do. Bursaries for} 630 ὁ oj 21} 3 30 0 O 
Girls. 
Do. HighSchool) 270 9 οἱ 9 3 30 0 Ὁ 
Univer. Bursaries. 
181 1619 Archibald Johnston, 13. 2... 2] ἢ 4 13 ΠΡ 
Merchant in Edin. 
( 1622/John Trotter of Mor-| 12 14 1| 1 4 ΤΣ τὴ 
ΓΗ: 1764| tonhall, and Rev. 
\ 1766) J. Penman of Both- 
kennar. 
[03 Hugh Wight, David 13. auf eae || ΤῈ 15, ay on 
ιν. - |1629| M‘Call, and David| 
3 | 164¢) Christie. | 
1726] 
ν. 1639|Dr Robt. Johnstone] 31 10 0 2] 4 15 15 Ὁ 
| of London, 
VI. 1639 Do. do. 25 0 O| 2 4 1210 0 
{\2642 Weir, Jenkins, Hep- Tre 7 Ὁ] Ἃ 4 1 7 Ὁ 
VII. + |1653} burn, and Light- 
\ |1696 body. 
| 
- 1644|Jas. Dalgliesh. and Ton 7 oes 4 1317 8 
Vill. { 1673} Jn. M‘Morran,. | oe: 
Ϊ ΤΣ. 1678|John Penman, Bailie LAPS. Οἱ ἃ 4 τὰ τὸν Ὁ 
| and Merchant, | 
Edinburgh. | 
| X. 1678)Hector Ford off 33 6 6) 3] 4 Τα ΩΣ az 
| Branxton. | 
XI. 1687|Sir Andrew Ramsay Te 2 a2 eres τὰ 2e02 
of Abbotshall. | 
ΧΙ 1698|Ad. Chrystie, Under 18 Ὁ. o| 1 4 18 0 Oo 
Clerk of Session. 
XIII 1702|Thos. Bryson, Bailie] 10 0 οἱ 2] 4 50 Ὁ 
and Merchant in| 
Dunbar. 
xiv. 4 1703 Pringle and Wardrop., 11 18 10} 1 4 11 18 τὸ 
(|1725 
XV. \1714|Rev. Robert Brown,,; 25 0 οἱ 2| 4] {15 0 o 
of Protestant Con- Ἴτο οο 
Ϊ | sistory at Zamose. 


o o |Governors of George 


Patrons. 


Heriot’s Trust. 
Do. 


Do. 
Earl of Haddington. 


‘Trotter of Morton- 
hall and Gilmour of 
Craigmillar, alter- 
nately. 

Town Council. 


Johnstone of Annan- 
dale. Ε 
Town Council. 


Aberuchill, 3rd Pre- 
sentation. _ 
Town Council. 


Society for the Bene- 
fit of the Sons of the 
Clergy. 

/Town Council. 


Do. and Ministers of| 
Edinburgh. 
Faculty of Advocates. 


Ministers of the Pres- 
bytery of Dunbar. 


|Pringle of Torwood- 
lee and J. C. War 
drop, W.S., alter- 
nately. 

Town Council. 


Bursaries in Arts. 


No. of 
Foundation. 


XVI. 


XVII. 


XVIII. 


| XXV. 


Name of Founder. 


Alexander Mitchell, 
and James Shortt. 


Laurence Dundas, 
Professor of Hu- 
manity in the Uni- 
versity of Edin. 


Thos. Fraser, Clerk 

| in the office of City 

| Clerk, Edinburgh. | 

William Hume, East- 
barns, Dunbar. 

Rev. Jas. Millar and 
Spouse. 

Dr Donald Grant,) 
London. 


Rev. James Stuart. 


James Menzies. 


Peter Dow, Esq. of) 
Balmyle. 


Robert Blair, D.D.,| 
Barton St Andrews, 
Norfolk. 


1838 
| 
1846 


1846 
1852 
1853 


John Jamieson, Esq., 
Edinburgh. 
G. P. Bidder, C.E. 
Wm. Lennie, Esq. 
John Bruce, Esq., 
Trinity Crescent, 
Edinburgh. | 
1858/M ‘Diarmid Trustees. | 
1860|Wm. Patrick. Esq.,| 
of Roughwood. 
1858|Edin. Ayrshire Club. 
1863 Peeblesshire Society. | 
Edin. Caithness Asso- 
ciation. 
A.H.Rhind of Sibster. 


1864 


1864 


|| 20" Ὁ 


Total 
Annual 
Income. 


#22 


Oo oO 


10 


About 
26 0 


43 12 
48 0 0 


160 Ὁ Ὁ 


Ιο 0 9O 


About 
60 0 
20 0 


190 Ὁ 


Interest of 


500 ὁ ὁ 


- 
ο 
ὁ 

a 


o0o0°0o 


[Ὁ] 


Annual 


Allowance | 


to 


each Bursar.) 


422 ὁ o |Livingston 


About 
22 


18 Ὁ. o 
8 Ὁ. ὁ 
24 ὁ ὁ 
About 
45 9 0 
18 0 oO 
45 0 Ὁ 
10 0 Ὁ 
10 0 ὁ 
About 

26 00 
43 12 ὁ 
τ 00 
40 ὁ “ὁ 
30 0 0 
τος. 0 Ὁ 
About 
40), Θ᾽ "Ὁ 
30 0 Ὁ 
20 0 0 
τὸ. 0 ὁ 
About 

20 0 0 


329 


| 


Patrons. 


Lear- 

᾿ς month of Parkhall 

| and his heirs ; Ear] 
of Morton and his 
heirs. 


o o Jas. Dundas of Dun- 


das, Robt. Dundas 

of Arniston, and 

Dundas of Carron- 

| hall, by turns. 

The Provost, Dean of 
Guild, and Trea- 
surer of Edin. 

Ministers of the Pres- 
bytery of Dunbar. 

Kirk-Session of Kip- 
pen. 

|Earl of Seafield, and 

James Mackenzie, 

W.S.,as Dr Grant's 

Trus.; whom fail- 

| ing, Sen, Acad. 

Senatus Academicus. 

Sir R. Menzies, Bart.. 
& Ministers of Dull. 
Weem, &Fortingall 

Pi ΣΕ ΘΙ sg 
of Kindrogan, J. 
Small, Esq. of Dir- 
nanean, and W. A. 
Keir, Esq., Yr. of 
Kindrogan. 

Principal, and Profs. 

| of Latin,Greek, Ma- 

thematics, Logic & 

Metaphysics, and 

Moral Philosophy. 

| Principal, & twoProfs. 
of the University. 

Senatus Academicus. 

Town Council. 


Ae 

j Do. 

Senatus Academicus. 

Principal and Profes- 
sors in Arts, 

Edin. Ayrshire Club. 

Peeblesshire Society. 

Edin. Caithness Asso- 
ciation. 


| Edin. Caithness Asso. 


33° 


No. of 
Founda- 
tion. 


XXXVI 


XXXVIT.. 
XXXVIII. 


. 1865 Mrs Margt. Tyndall 


1865| Horsliehill Scott. 
1867|Miss Hannah Harri- 


- 1867 Rev. John Spence 


XL 


XLII. 


XLIII.| 


XLIV.} 
ΧΙ. 


XLVI.| 


XLVII. 
XLVIII. 


L. 
LI. 
111. 


ἘΤΤῚῚ. 


LVI. 
LVII. 


LYIIT. 
LX. 
LXI. 


LIV. 
LY. 


Bursaries in Arts. 


-- 

Ὁ τῷ 

ΜΕ 

gz Name of Founder. 
ae 


— -- 


Bruce, of Falkland. 


! son, of Lasswade. 


ἰ 


” 1869 Edin. Border Coun- 


28 72| ties Association. 


1869 Argyllshire, Bute,and| 

Western Isles Asso. | 

1870 Stewart of Ardvor- 
| lich. 


1870) David Cowan. 


[1871 J. Robertson Sibbald. 
1879, Angus Club. 


1873 Earl of Zetland. 


1873, The Grierson Trus. 


1874 Upper Ward of Lan- 
arkshire. 


XLIX./1874\ Johnstone of Hart- 


hope. 
1874\ James Lambert. 
1875| Robert Marshall. 
1876|J. Fothringham of 
Heathpool. 
1877 Earl of Zetland. 
1878| Edin.E.Lothian Asso. 
378 Edin. University 
OT WR adeoaient Asso. 
1878) Jas. Gillan, Forres. 
1878) Dr Andrew Thomson. 


1880] Rev. John Patterson. 


LIX./1881| Thomas Carly!e. 


1883)Subscribers to Mac-;) 
kinnon Testimonial 


|1882 James Whitelaw. 
LXI11./1883) William Renton, 


Edinburgh. 


LXIII. 1883) Isabella Macdougall 


4165 ο οἱ 


5 2° ore 


Total 
Annual 
Income. 


No. of 
Bursars. | 


5617 6) 
seh, Ὁ 


About 
200 ὁ o| 


) 


16 0 0 
About 

35 ὁ Ὁ 
About 
506K) Ὁ 
25 00 
About 

40 0 0 


104 0 


——— τ--ΦΞὄὕὕἕὉ- 


20 0 


16, 5' Ὁ 
About 


40 0 0 


32 10 ὁ 
39 6 Ὁ 
About 


40 
20 
120 


63 


100 


00 0 00 


16 


4 
About ἼΣΗ 


£56 5 0 


jo 8 6) 
19 Ὁ. 6 


About 
120 4 3} 


wn sm NW 


nee 


~ 


N 


For 
Ww WY Years. 


Annual 
es Patrons. 
each Bursar. 
} 
£35 0 © ll Senatus. 
20° Ὁ Ὁ} ie 
chy i) 2 Do. | 
553. 5 Ὁ Do. | 
(ist Year |} 
| 30 0 ο| Governors of the i 
{2ndYear |} Spence Bursary} 
| “4080! Ὁ] ἼΣΘΙ Ἷ 
l 50 0 ofjJ ᾿ 
30 o o/Edinburgh Border} 
20 o οἱ Counties Assoc. | 
About 


I2 0 O 


About tate of Ardvorlich. } 
30 ὁ ο |Directors of Avg i 
20 0 o| Academy. 


30 0 ὁ 
25. ἴὸ ὁ 
About 

40.0 ὁ 


Angus Club. 


Trustees of Earl off 

Zetland. 
38 Η \ Senatus Acad. 
20 0 Upper Ward Assoc. | 
16 5 o |Senatus Acad. 
About 


40 ὁ Senatus Acad. 


we 


"ῳ 


Senatus Acad. 


ο 
32 10 ὁ 
o |Senatus Acad. 


19 13 


Trustees. 
Association. 


Senatus cadena 


tion. ᾿ 

16 ὁ o |Proprietor of the Es-| 
Mr Gillan’s Eee 

|Trus. of Dr Thomson. 

\Senatus “ 
Senatus Acad. 
Senatus Acad. 


ΠῚ 
ο 
ο 

oof 


Senatus Acad. f 
|Profs. Chrystal, ταὶ 


is} 

w 

ο 
an 


Nicholson. 
About } 
30 ὁ o | Trustees. r 


Bursaries in Arts. 331 


| 
| 
| 


Annual 


ee 
No.of [ὃὉ Total (os j 
Ξ 3} 5% owance 
Founda- |¢ 5] Name of Founder. | Annual |¢ ¥/ 2 3| at e Patrons. 
tion oe Income. |Z Ξ ΕΘ] [0 
: Kallen! soa | Gaver) | each Bursar. 


Ὁ 


LXIV.|1886;Rob. P. Newton οὗ £87 6 8 4] 2 | £21 16 8 |Senatus Academicus. 
| 


Castlandhill. | 
LXYV.|1886|Pet.C. MannofNairn| 80 0 ο 3] 3 26 13 4 |Senatus Academicus. 
and Durham. About About 
LXVI./1886|Richd. Allan, Feuar,| 99 ὁ 0} 3] 3 30 ὁ o |Trustees of R. Allan. 
Kelso. 
LXVII.!1887|MrsKidd ofAigbarth,| 33 9 4 τ 4 33 9 4 |Senatus Academicus 
near Liverpool. About About 
LXVIII.!1887|Charles Jardine of} 150 10 8 4] 4 37 12 8 |Senatus Academicus. 
Thorlieshope. About About 


LXIX.|1887/Charles Howatson,| 27 0 οἱ I] 3 27 ὁ ὁ |Trustees. 
Esq. of Dornel and 


Glenbuck. About About 
LXX./1888|Mrs Harriet E.| 27 © οἱ 1t| 4 27 ὁ ὁ |Senatus Academicus. 

Morrison. About About 

LXXI.|1889/Daniel Maclaurin,| 73 10 of 1] 4 73 10 o |Town Council. 
London. About 

LXXII./1889|James Simson, Edin-| 150 0 0} 6] 3 25 0 o |Presbytery of Edin- 
burgh. burgh. 

LX XIII.|1890|George Cousin. 28 o o| τ 28 o o |Senatus Academicus. 


2 
LXXIV.|1890/Rev. Thomas Maule.| 80 0 0 4] 6 20 ὁ ὁ |Principal, and Profs. 
of Humanity and 
| Greek. 
LXXYV.'1891/Donald Fraser,M.D.,, 50 0 0 1 I 50 0 o |Senatus Academicus. 
London, and Asso- | 
ciation for the Bet- | | 
ter Endowment of 
the University. | 

| 


CONDITIONS OF FOUNDATIONS AND NAMES OF BURSARS. 


I. These Heriot Bursaries are for Students unconnected with the Hospital 
School, entering upon a regular Curriculum in Arts or Science with a view to 
graduation. (For remodelled scheme, see CALENDAR, 1887-88, p. 498.) Bursars 
—1895, J. Lochhead, J. Y. Bell, ΝΥ. Geddie, H. C. Norman, A. Cormack, R. M. 
Matheson. 

Do., for Girls. These Bursaries are for Girls Matriculating for the first time 
at the University with a view to graduation in Arts or Science, and cannot be 
held along with any other Bursary or Scholarship. #zvsars—1895, Agnes M, 
Smith, Janet B. Imrie, Christina M. Ross, Jessie A. Linton, Euphemia W. 
Menzies, Annie L. Mackay, Jane D. Love, Rosanna Clements. 

Do., High School University Bursaries. These are awarded by competitive 
examination among Scholars attending the High School, Edinburgh, and may 
be held at any University approved by the Governors. Azrsars—-1895, J. M. 
Darling, J. Pryde. 

Il. A. Fohnston Bursary.—Each Bursar is entitled to hold this Bursary for 
four years, subject to the conditions that he shall pass such examination as may be 
required of Presentation Bursars, and shall proceed through the Curriculum in Arts, 


332 Bursaries in Arts. 


and pass the Examinations for M.A. appropriate to each year. No one is per- 
mitted to hold the Bursary along with any other Bursary in the University. The 
Bursar must attend the Classes in the Arts Curriculum. 

Ill. Trotter and Penman Bursary. This Bursary is held under the same 
conditions as No. II. 

IV. Wight, M‘Call, and Christie Bursary. This Bursary is held under the: 
same conditions as No. II. 

V. and VI. &. Fohnstone Bursaries.—By Ordinance No. 82, the holder of 
each of the four Robert Johnstone Bursaries is entitled to hold his Bursary for 
four years, subject to the condition that he shall pass the Preliminary Examina- 
tion or its equivalent, and shall proceed through the Curriculum in Arts, and 
regularly pass the Examinations required of Students proceeding to the degree 
of M.A. No person is allowed to hold any of these Bursaries along with any 
other Bursary in the University. Axrsar—18g2, Charles T. Macgregor. 

VII. Weir, Fenkins, Hepburn, and Lightbody Bursary.—For a Student in 
Arts, who must pass the Preliminary Examination or its equivalent, and follow 
the Curriculum for the Degree of M.A. 

VILLI. The Dalgliesh and Macmorran Bursar must pass the Preliminary Examina- 
tion or its equivalent, and proceed through the Curriculum in Arts in the Uni- 
versity, and regularly pass the Examinations required of Students proceeding to 
the Degree of M.A. : 

IX. Penman Bursary.—The Bursar must attend the Classes in the Arts Curri- 
culum. 

X. Each Ford Bursar is entitled to hold his Bursary for four years, subject 
to the condition that he shall pass the Preliminary Examination or its equivalent, 
and shall proceed through the Curriculum in Arts, and regularly pass the 
Examinations required of Students proceeding to the Degree of M.A. No 
person is permitted to hold any of the Bursaries along with any other Bursary 
in the University. 

XI. The Six A. Ramsay Bursar holds his Bursary for four years, subject to 
the condition that he shall pass the Preliminary Examination or its equivalent, and 
shall proceed through the Curriculum in Arts, and regularly pass the Examina- 
tions required of Students proceeding to the degree of M.A. No person is per- 
mitted to hold either of the Bursaries along with any other Bursary, Fellowship, or 
Scholarship of any Scottish University. 

XII. The Chrystie Bursary is usually held for four years, Candidates must 
pass the Preliminary Examination or its equivalent. The Bursar is_ taken 
bound to attend ‘‘the usual classes,” and must produce yearly to the Faculty 
certificates from the respective Professors of his due attendance, and the diligent 
prosecution of his studies. Candidates are referred for information to the Clerk to 
the Faculty of Advocates, Advocates’ Library. 

XIII. The Aryson Bursars must pass the Preliminary Examination or its 
equivalent, and are first to enter the Humanity class: afterwards to pass through 
the rest of the classes in Arts until their Laureation ; at which time, if judged 
by the ministers of the Presbytery of Dunbar fit for the study of Theology, they 
may continue for two years in Theology. 

XIV. The Pringle and Wardrop Bursary.—The Bursar must pass the Pre- 


Bursaries tn Arts. 333 


liminary Examination or its equivalent, and attend the classes in the Curriculum 
in Arts for M.A. 

XV. The Brown Bursaries are payable to Bursars who must pass the Prelimi- 
nary Examination or its equivalent, and attend the regular course of study in Arts 
for M.A. 

XVI. The Mitchell and Shortt Bursary is payable to a Student who must 
pass the Preliminary Examination or its equivalent, during the regular course in 
the Faculty of Arts. 

XVII. Dundas Bursaries.—By Ordinance No. 78 of the Universities’ Com- 
missioners, each person presented to either of the Dundas Bursaries is entitled 
to hold the same for four years as a Student of Arts, subject to the conditions 
that he shall pass the Preliminary Eamination or its equivalent, and proceed 
through the Curriculum in Arts, and shall regularly pass the Examinations re- 
quired for M.A. These Bursaries cannot be held with any other Bursary in 
the University. 

XVIII. The “raser Bursaries. —Bursars must pass the Preliminary Examina- 
tion or its equivalent, and proceed through the curriculum till they finish their 
course and take the Degree in the Faculty of Arts. The Bursaries are held for 
three years thereafter; the Bursars making their election whether to follow 
Divinity, Law, or Medicine. Two Classes at least must be attended each Winter 
Session. Candidates should apply to the City Clerk, Council Chambers, Edin- 
burgh. 

XIX. The conditions of the Hume Mortification correspond with those of 
Bryson’s, No. XIII., and the presentations and payments are made as in that 
case. 

XX. Millar Bursary.—To be held by a Student intended for the Ministry in 
the Church of Scotland, during his Curriculum in the Faculty of Arts. Bursar 
must pass the Preliminary Examination or its equivalent. 

XXI. The Grant Mortification. Tenable in the Faculties of Arts, Divinity, 
Law, or Medicine. Application for information may be made to Messrs Mac- 
kenzie, Innes, ἃ Logan, W.S., 23 Queen Street, Edinburgh. #ursars—1894, 
Alexander Grant, Donald Grant. 

XXII. Stuart Bursaries.—Open to Students entering upon the second year of 
their course for graduation in Arts or in Pure Science. The said Bursaries shall 
be tenable for three years, provided that if the holders graduate at the end of their 
second year of tenure they shall only retain their Bursaries during the third year of 
tenure if they engage in a course of study approved by the Senatus Academicus 
in subjects included in the Curriculum for Degrees in Arts or in Pure Science. 
Bursars—1894, Alexander Brown; 1895, D. H. Macgregor. 

XXIII. Aenzies.—These Bursaries, four in number, were founded in 1837 by 
James Menzies, Esq., Glasgow. They are of the annual value of £45 each, but 
vary in amount at discretion of the patrons, and tenable for four years, in any one 
of the Universities of St Andrews, Glasgow, or Edinburgh. Preference first to the 
relations of the Founder ; next, to the name of Menzies ; failing whom, to persons 
born on the estate of Sir Robert Menzies, Bart., within the parishes of Dull, 
Weem, and Fortingall; failing whom, any Student who shall be found best 
qualified may be appointed. Candidates must pass the Preliminary Examination. 


334 Bursaries in Arts. 


XXIV. Zhe Dow Bursaries ave tenable for four years, “αἱ any of the Scottish 
Universities, St Andrews in preference.” Apply to the Patrons. 

XXYV. The 4/ai Bursar must pass the Preliminary Examination, attend the 
Classes, and pass the Examinations necessary for the Degree of M.A. Bursar— 
1895, A. A. Fraser. 

XXVI. The Yamieson Bursary is for the benefit of the sons of schoolmasters, 
farmers, mechanics, and labourers, born and residing within any one of the fol- 
lowing parishes—viz., Crawfordjohn, Crawford, united parishes of Lamington and 
Wandell, united parishes of Wiston and Roberton, Culter and Biggar. The 
Bursar must pass the Preliminary Examination or its equivalent. He may attend 
Classes in any of the Faculties. Azzrvsar—1893, G. C. Rankin. 

XXVII. Called the “ Jardine Bursary,” being founded by Mr Bidder, C.E., as 
a memorial of the munificence of Sir Henry Jardine to him, to which he owed the 
advantage of his education at the University of Edinburgh. Candidates must be 
natives of Scotland. The Bursar must pass the Preliminary Examination or its 
equivalent, and attend the Classes, and pass the Examinations necessary for the 
Degree in Arts. | Bursar—18g2, John S. Begg. 

XXVIII. Lennie Bursaries.—Bursars must pass the Preliminary Examination 
or its equivalent, and attend the Classes in the Arts Curriculum. Candidates 
should apply to the City Clerk, Council Chambers, Edinburgh. 

XXIX. Bruce Bursarvies.—Prior to the commencement of each Winter Session, 
five Students are presented yearly, the most distinguished of the five receiving the 
440 Bursary. The Bursars must be in regular attendance on the Classes necessary 
for the Degree of Master of Arts. Candidates announce their names at the Council 
Chambers to the City Clerk. 

XXX. The J/‘*Diarmid Bursary is a memorial of the late John M‘Diarmid, 
Esq., Editor of the Dum/ries and Galloway Courier. Candidates must be natives 
of the county of Dumfries or the stewartry of Kirkcudbright. The Bursar must 
pass the Preliminary Examination and attend the Classes and Examinations 
necessary for the Degree of Master of Arts. Applications regarding the Bursary to 
be made to “Ἢ. Gordon, Esq., Dumfries.” Lursar—1895, J Nivison. 

XXXI. The Patrick Bursaries are for the assistance of those who have com- 
pleted a course of education at any of the public schools or academies in the 
county of Ayr, where a course of Classical Study is pursued. Their value 
fluctuates, being the dividend on £3000 Glasgow and South-Western Railway 
Stock. The Bursars must attend the Classes and pass the Examinations neces- 
sary for the Degree in Arts, in the order required by the Faculty. See p. 197 of 
CALENDAR for 1865-66. Bursars—t1894, Ist, James M. Dunnett ; 2nd, John Millar. 

XXXII. Ayrshire Club Bursaries.—Awarded after competitive examination 
to natives of Ayrshire requiring aid, and tenable during the Curriculum in Arts, on 
condition of regular attendance at the Classes, with a view to the Degree. _Infor- 
mation will be afforded by the Secretary of the Club, Mr Andrew White, W.S., 
23 Castle Street. 

XXXII. Peeblesshire Bursary.—Open to Candidates of either sex who intend 
to pursue the Curriculum in Arts, Science or Medicine. Apply to the Secretary 
of the Society, Mr P. H. Cosens, W.S., 17 Duke Street, Edinburgh. Bursar— 
1894, Robert Weatherston, 


Bursaries tn Arts. 335 


XXXIV. and XXXV. Caithness and Rhind Bursaries.—Bursars must attend 
Classes in Arts Curriculum. Apply to Secretary of the Association. 

XXXVI. Bruce of Grangehill and Falklana’s Bursaries. —Three of these Bur- 
saries, of the annual value of £35, are awarded after competitive examination 
to Students of the second year in their course of study for a Degree in Arts; and 
three others, of the annual value of £20, to Students entering the fvs¢ year of the 
Arts Curriculum. Aursars—1893, First year, 1894, J. 5. Wilson; 1895, J. W. 
Meldrum; second year, ΝΥ. D. Ross; 1894, T. S. Macpherson; 1895, A. B. 
Keith. 

XXXVII. Aorshehill-Scott Bursaries.—Annual value £33, 6s. 2d., under deduc- 
tion of £6, 6s. for Examiners’ fees from first year’s payments. Open to Students 
in the ¢hird year of their course for a Degree in Arts, and tenable for two years. 
The examination is in Classics, Mathematics, and Logic and Metaphysics. Deed 
of Foundation, at p. 208 of CALENDAR for 1866-67. Bursars—1895, C. M. 
Campbell. 

XXXVIII. The Harrison Bursary is of the annual value of £35, 5s., under de- 
duction of £6, 6s. of Examiners’ fees from first year’s payments. Open to Students 
in the λέγε year of their course in the Faculty of Arts, with a view to a degree, 
and tenable for two years. It is to be awarded to the competitor who shall shew 
the greatest proficiency in Classics, Mathematics, and Logic and Metaphysics. 
See Deed of Endowment, p. 231 of CALENDAR for 1867-68. Bursar—1895, 
S. G. Campbell. 

XXXIX. Spence Bursaries.—Dy the regulations of the Governors, two Bursaries, 
each of the annual value of £30 for the first year and £40 for second year of 
tenure, are open only to Students who have studied in the University of Edin- 
burgh, at the commencement of their second session in a three years’ curriculum, 
or of their third session ina curriculum of four years. Examination in Latin, 
Greek, and Mathematics. Governors may award to any Bursar who has gradu- 
ated or passed all the examinations for a Degree in Arts, a Bursary of £50 for 
one year, tenable in any of the other Faculties. See Scheme, p. 520 of CALENDAR 
1889-90. Candidates apply to Mr Henry A. Patullo, Writer, Bank Street, Dundee, 
Factor to the Trust, for particulars. 

XL. Border Counties and Sir Walter Scott Bursaries—These Bursaries are 
Open to competition by Scholars (women as well as men) who have attended any 
school in either of the Counties of Roxburgh, Berwick, Selkirk, or Borough of 
Berwick-on-Tweed, for two complete sessions immediately prior to the time of 
their examination for the Bursaries. The Bursars must attend the classes neces- 
sary fora Degree in Arts. Application to be made to Mr T, Usher, Sheriff Court 
House, Edinburgh. Str W. Scott Bursar—1889, John Henderson. order 
Counties Bursar—1891, John K. Graham. 

ΧΙ. Argyllshire Bursary. — Candidates must be natives of Argyil- 
shire, Bute, or Western Islands. The holder must attend the classes necessary 
for a Degree in Arts. Application to be made to John Maclachlan, Esq., W.S., 
48 Castle Street, Edinburgh. 

XLII. Ardvorlich Bursary. —Open to Students of Arts, natives of the parishes 
of Comrie, Balquhidder, Callander, or Killin, failing whom, to natives of Perth- 
shire, and failing such, to the best qualified candidate. The holder must pass 


336 Bursaries in Arts. 


the Preliminary Examination or its equivalent, and must attend Arts or Science 
classes. Application to be made to the Clerk of Senatus. For remodelled 
Foundation, see CALENDAR 1887-88, p. 501; for original deed, see p. 275 of 
CALENDAR for 1870-71. Bursar—1894, E. R. J. Stevenson. 

XLII. Cowan Bursary.—Candidates must be about to enter the Curriculum 
in Arts. Annual value for first two years £30, and £20 for third year, to be held 
alternately at Edinburgh and Glasgow Universities. Information will be afforded 
by J. G. M‘Skimming, Esq., Ayr. 

XLIV. Sibbald Bursaries. — The Bursaries are available to Students in the 
Faculties of Arts, Medicine, Law, or Divinity, and are open to Students entering 
the University who have not previously attended any University in the United 
Kingdom or elsewhere, and who do not hold any other Bursary or Scholarship ; 
but no objection to a Candidate that he has, during the previous Summer Session, 
attended any of the Classes in the University of Edinburgh required by the 
Faculties of Medicine or Law. See CALENDAR for 1888-89, pp. 171 and 177. 
Application to be made to Messrs Mackenzie, Innes, & Logan, W.S., 23 Queen 
Street, Edinburgh. Awrsars—1892, William Eggeling, Donald Banks, William 
Porter; 1895, R. C. S. Keith. 

XLV. The Angus Club Bursary.—OQpen to Forfarshire students entering the 
University for the first time. Application should be made to the Secretary of the 
Club, Mr William Whyte, S.S.C., 4 Albyn Place. 

XLVI. Orkney and Zetland Bursary.—Open to first year Students (male or 
female), natives, or children of parents who are natives of the County of Orkney 
and Zetland. It is tenable for three years. The Bursar must attend the Classes J 
in the Curriculum in Arts, with a view to a Degree. Applications to be sent to 
Messrs Dundas & Wilson, C.S., 17 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh. The Deed 
of Foundation will be found in CALENDAR for 1873-74, Ρ. 329. Bursar— 
1895, J. S. Ross. 

XLVII. Grierson Bursaries —Four Bursaries of £20 each, and one of £24, 
awarded annually in November, under the patronage of the Senatus. They are re- 
stricted in the first place to natives of either of the parishes of Crawford or Leadhills, 
who must pass an examination, satisfactory to the Senatus, in Elementary Latin, 
English, and Arithmetic. In the event of more than one preferential Candidate, 
the examination is competitive among such candidates. If no preferential Candi- 
dates, the Bursaries are thrown open for competition to all Students then intending 
to enrol in the University for the First Session of the Curriculum in Arts, the 
subjects of examination being those prescribed for Bursars of the First Year. See 
Trust Disposition of Founder at p. 335 of CALENDAR for 1873-74, and p- 368 of the 
CALENDAR for 1877-78. Bursars—1893, William A. Curtis, James Lornie; 
1894, Τ. W. Stewart (Preferential Candidate), A. J. Black (for two years) ; 1895, 
James Crerar, J. S. Ross. 

XLVIII. Lanarkshire (Upper Ward of) Bursaries. —Bursars must attend the 
Classes in the Arts Curriculum. Mr R. Brown, Secretary, 28 St Andrew Square. 
Bursar — 

XLIX. Fohnstone of Harthope Bursary. Natives of Moffat, Peebles, and 
Students of the name of Alexander or Johnstone preferred, if applications (with 
proof of birth) be made to Secretary of Senatus before 1st of September. The 


Bursaries in Arts. 231 


successful candidate must attend the Classes in the Faculty of Arts, and take 
the Degree of M.A. See Deed of Foundation, at p. 350 of CALENDAR for 
1875-76. Bursar—1895, D. D. Paton. 

L. Lambert Bursary.—This Bursary cannot be instituted until after the death 
of an annuitant. See Deed of Foundation, at p. 342 of CALENDAR for 1875-76. 

LI. Marshall Bursary.—Restricted in the first place to relatives of Founder, 
next to Students of the name of Marshall, and natives of West Lothian. Sze Deed of 
Foundation, at p. 347 of CALENDAR for 1876-77. Bursar—18g2, John Chalmers. 

1.11. Fothringham and Forrest Bursaries. Relatives or namesakes of the 
Founder, then such as are of the name of Forrest, to be preferred. The successful 
candidate must attend the Classes in the Faculty of Arts, and take the Degree of 
M.A. Bursar—1893, Charles Macfie Campbell ; 1894, Donald Banks. 

1.11. Zar? of Zetland’s Bursaries.—These Bursaries are open to First Year 
Students in the Faculty of Arts, who are natives of the Islands or County of 
Orkney and Zetland, or children of parents, one or both of whom shall have been 
born in or connected for a long period of years with the said Islands or County. 
For Deed of Foundation of these Bursaries, see p. 373 of CALENDAR for 1877-78. 
Application to be made to Messrs Dundas & Wilson, C.S., 17 St Andrew Square, 
Edinburgh. 

LIV. Zadinburgh East Lothian Association's Bursary.—The Bursary may be 
competed for by any lad under the age of 18, who has been educated at any 
school in East Lothian, or who, having passed through all the standards or their 
equivalents at such schools, shall have afterwards attended for not more than 
three sessions any secondary school within or without the county. Application 
may be made to J. Purves, S.S.C., 65 Frederick Street. 

LV. Edinbureh University Endowment Association’s Bursaries are open to 
Students entering the Faculty of Arts for the first time, and tenable for three years. 
Dursars must proceed through the Curriculum in Arts, and pass the Examinations 
for the Degree of M.A. Lapsed Bursaries may be awarded for one year to 
Students of the first or any year, whose merits have been attested in the usual 
Bursary Examination of their year. Cannot be held with any other Bursary in 


_ any Scottish University. See Minute of the Endowment Association, p. 375 


of CALENDAR for 1878-79. Bursars—1893, Otto Rothfeld, Sidney G, Campbeil, 


_ James G. S. Jamieson ; 1894, Herbert Smiles; 1895, J. H. Imrie, H. F. Eggel- 


ing, W. Ν᾿ Walsh. 
LVI. Gillan Bursaries.—Founded in 1878 by James Gillan, draper, Forres. 


_ These Bursaries are for the support at the University, and at the New College, 


Edinburgh, of two young men connected with the parish of Forres, and one con- 
nected with Dyke, who have declared their intention to study for the ministry of 
the Free Church of Scotland. For particulars apply to Messrs R. & R. Urquhart, 
Solicitors, Forres. 

LVI. Thomson Bursaries. —Candidates of the name of Thomson or Traquair, 
or natives of town or county of Dumfries or city of Edinburgh, preferred. See 
Deed of Foundation, p. 367 of CALENDAR, 1877-78, and Scheme of Allocation, 
P. 346 of CALENDAR, 1879-80. Applications to be made to Messrs Traquair, 
Dickson & Maclaren, W.S., 11 Hill Street. Axrsars—1892, Robert Gray; 1893, 


| Allan W. C. Menzies; 1894, Victor Caldwell; 189§, H. C. Liddell. 


Υ 


338 Bursaries in Arts. 


LVIII. Patterson Bursary, in Anglo-Saxon, Grammar, and Literature. —Open 
to Students in the second, third, or fourth year of their Matriculation who have 


attended the class of English Literature in the University. The Examination — 
will include Anglo-Saxon, Grammar, Translations of passages of Anglo-Saxon — 
prose and verse, and the History of Anglo-Saxon Literature. See Deed of — 
Foundation at p. 379 of CALENDAR for 1880-81. Bursar—1894, Ὁ. N. — 


Smith. 


LIX. John Welsh Bursaries, founded by Thomas Carlyle in 1881, in memory 
of his Father-in-law, to whom the estate of Craigenputtock in Dumfriesshire, 
bequeathed by Mr Carlyle to the University of Edinburgh, formerly belonged. 
The Bursaries are paid from the rents of that estate, and are eight in number, of 
the value of about £20 each, tenable for four years. They are awarded, after 
competition, to Students entering the University, who have not studied in any 
other University. Four are to be given to the competitors most proficient in 
Mathematics, and four to those most proficient in Classics. They are not to be 
held with any other Bursary. See Deed of Foundation at p. 379 of CALENDAR 
for 1881-82. Bursars—(Classical)—1894, David L. Norrie, J. H. Cattanach, 
Bb. H. Richardson, C. G. Mackay. (A/athematical)—1892, William Dick, A. 
M. Anderson; 1895, R. H. Macnair, Alexander Waddell. 


LX. Mackinnon Bursaries.—Three Bursaries about £18, 15s., tenable for 
three years, to encourage the study of the Mechanical Sciences. Each Bursary is 
open for competition to Students entering their First Session in the Faculty of Arts. 
Candidates must be natives of the counties of Argyll, Bute and Arran, Inverness, 
Ross or Sutherland, and must be able to speak the Gaelic language. The Examina- 
tion is held at the annual competition for Bursaries at the beginning of each Session, ~ 
with an additional examination by the Professor of Celtic; at least 10 per cent. of 
the total marks attainable being assigned to Gaelic. Each Bursar is bound to attend 
at least two classes in the Faculty of Arts during his tenure, and among these 
six classes, at least one class of Mathematics, one of Natural Philosophy, and the 
class of Engineering. The Bursaries cannot be held along with any other Bur- 
sary, Scholarship, or Fellowship in a Scottish University, or with any office 
yielding an annual income of £50 or upwards, and is tenable only during good 
behaviour and proficiency. Aursars—-1894, Roderick Macleod; 1895, J. M. 
Lamont. : 

LXI. Whitelaw Bursaries. —In memory of James Whitelaw, Watch- 
maker. Three Bursaries, about £23 each, tenable for three years, open to 
Students about to enter, or who follow the Curriculum in Arts. Cannot be held 
along with any other Bursary, Scholarship, or Fellowship in a Scottish University, 
or with any office yielding £50 annually, or upwards. Examination in October 
annually. Sursars—1894, S. A. K. Wilson; 1895, T. B. Copeland. 

LXII. The Renton Bursary, founded by the Trustees of the late William 
Renton, 20 Royal Terrace, Edinburgh, is for a Student pursuing his studies 
in the classes of Natural Philosophy, Mathematics, Chemistry, and Political 
Economy, or such of them as he may consider proper, and who may require 
assistance. The Bursary is tenable for one year, and cannot be held by any 
one under the age of sixteen or above twenty-one. It is filled up in November 


᾿ 
] 


᾿ 
| 
| 


Bursaries in Arts. 339 


each year. The Examination is conducted each year by the Assistant to one of 
the Professors of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and Mathematics in turn, and 
in the above-named order. Bzrvsar—1895, James T. Young. 


LXIII. The MWacdougall Bursaries are open to Students of Edinburgh, 
Glasgow, and St Andrews Universities. Students attending the Gaelic Class to 
be preferred. The Bursaries cannot be held with any Bursary or appointment 
yielding £50 per annum. See Deed of Foundation at p. 435 of CALENDAR 
1885-86. Application may be made to Mr W. C. Young, solicitor, Perth. 


LXIV. Newton Bursaries.—Two are awarded annually, one to the most dis- 
tinguished Student in the Junior Class of Natural Philosophy, and one in the 
Senior (Second) Class of Mathematics. The Bursaries are tenable for two years, 
and the Bursars must continue their studies in the higher branches of the subjects 
of their Bursaries, and at the end of the second year of tenure, either take Honours 
in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, pass the 2nd B.Sc. Examination, or 
give other evidence of advanced study in Mathematics or Natural Philosophy. 
Vhese Bursaries are not to be held with other Scholarships or Bursaries. Sve 
Deed of Foundation, p. 460 of CALENDAR, 1886-87. Bursars (Math.)—1895, 
J. B. Meiklejohn ; 1896, Robert Horn. (Mat. Phz/.)—1895, E. M. Anderson ; 
1896, Rk. L. Wilson. 

LXV. Mann Bursaries.—(1.) Candidates must be children of residents in the 
town of Nairn, z.e., one or both parents must have resided within the municipal 
boundaries for at least twelve months at any period prior to the competition. (2.) 
Applications must be lodged with the Clerk of Senatus at least three weeks 
before the Annual Bursary Examination of the University, along with evidence of 
compliance with Rule I. (3.) One will be awarded annually to the candidate, 
matriculating for the first time in this University, who obtains the highest marks at 


_ the Entrance Bursary Examination in English, Latin, Greek, and Mathematics, 


provided the Examiners be satisfied with the standard he hasattained. (4.) Each 
will be tenable for three years, value about £25 per annum. (5.) Failing candi- 
dates of the first year, the vacant Bursary will be awarded as a second year Bursary 
to the candidate who obtains the highest marks in the Bursary Examination for the 
second year; and, failing candidates of the first and second years, it will similarly 
be awarded as a third year Bursary. When awarded under this Rule it is tenable 


_ for one year only. (6.) Failing candidates qualified under Rule III. or Rule V., 


the Senatus may continue one of the Bursaries to its holder for a fourth year, pro- 


| vided he propose to continue his studies for a fourth year in some special subject. 
(7.) Each Bursar must be doxa fide engaged in studying for a Degree in Arts or 


in Science, and must produce evidence at the end of each Winter Session that he 
has attended at least two classes in the Faculty of Arts, or ina Department of 
Science, and has made reasonable progress in his studies. (8.) Any breach of 


these regulations, or conduct unworthy of a scholar and a gentleman, will be 


punished by forfeiture of the Bursary. See Deed of Foundation, p. 497 of 
CALENDAR 1887-88, and Regulations at p. 544 of CALENDAR for 1890-91. 
Bursar—1893, John Matheson. 


LXVI. Allan Bursarties.—These Bursaries are available to Students attend- 


ing classes in any of the Faculties of Arts, Medicine, or Law, in the Univer- 


340 Bursaries in Arts. 


sity of Edinburgh, or to Students attending the classes in said University 
necessary for Degrees in Science; and are tenable for three years or for such 
part of that period as the Bursar shall remain a Student at the University. In 
nominating Candidates for presentation to the Bursaries, care will be given to 
prefer such as have been born in the parish of Kelso, provided they are qualified 
by their previous education for entering the University. Apply to P. Stormonth 
Darling, Esq., writer, Kelso. 

LXVII. James Fairbairn Bursary, founded by Mrs Kidd of Palmyra, 
Aigbarth, near Liverpool, in memory of James Fairbairn, late Governor of 
Heriot’s Hospital, is open to competition to first year Students, and is tenable 
for four years, The Bursar is required to attend the Classes necessary for Gradua- 
tion in Arts, and to take the Degree at the end of the Course. The Bursary 
cannot be held along with any other Bursary or Scholarship. See Deed of 
Foundation, p. 501 of CALENDAR, 1887-88. Azzrsar—1893, Peter Thomsen. 

LXVIII. Jardine of Thorlieshope Bursaries.—Natives of the rural districts of 
Roxburghshire and Dumfriesshire (villages and towns of the population of 2000 
and upwards being excluded), who have attended the Public or Board Schools in 
said counties, to be preferred. In the event of there being no first year Candi- 
dates, the Bursaries will be thrown open to Candidates of the second, third, or 
fourth year in succession, but will be tenable for one year only. The Bursars are 
required to attend the Classes necessary for Graduation in Arts, and to take the 
Degree at the end of the Course. The Bursaries cannot be held along with any 
other Bursary or Scholarship. See Deed of Foundation, p. 497 of CALENDAR, 
1887-88.  Aursars—1892, W. W. Smith; 1893, Richard Bell; 1894, John 
Pattison, Arch. S. Ballantyne ; 1895, Walter Davidson. = 

LXIX. Zhe Glenbuck Bursary may be held by a Student in any of the four 
Scotch Universities—preferably that of Glasgow or of Edinburgh. Candidates | 
only are eligible who have resided not less than five years in the Parish of Muir- 
kirk, and who have received part of their education at any school therein, or 
alternatively and postponed thereto, those who have been resident in any one of 
the Parishes of South Ayrshire for not less than five years, and who have received ὦ 
part of their education in any school in the same Parish. For urther particulars, 
apply to R. A. Leslie, Inspector, Muirkirk. 

LXX. MacKenzie (Stornoway) Bursary. — Candidates of the name of 
MacKenzie have a preference. The Examination is in English, Latin, Greek, 
and Mathematics, as for First Session Open Bursaries, and the Bursary will be 
awarded to the Candidate who stands highest, provided he has passed the 
Preliminary Examination in at least two subjects, one of which must be Latin, 
Greek, or Mathematics on the Higher Standard. Failing a preferential Candi- 
date, the Bursary will be thrown open to competition as a first year Bursary in 
Arts. The Bursar is required to attend the Classes necessary for Graduation in 
Arts, and to take the Degree at the end of the course. For Regulations, see 
CALENDAR for 1895-96, p. 748. 

LXXI. This Bursary, tenable for four years, is by the will of the founder to 
be called the ‘‘ Maclaurin Bursary,” and is restricted to Students of the Founder’s 
name of Maclaurin (or in Gaelic orthography ‘‘ Maclalhrin”). The holder must 


Prizes in Arts. 341 


pass the Preliminary Examination. It may be held in any of the Faculties, 
See Deed of Foundation, p. 544 of CALENDAR for 1890-91. 

LXXII. Six Bursaries, each of the annual value of 425, and tenable for 
three years in the Faculty of Arts. They are open to Students who, having 
passed the Preliminary Examination, are entering on the first year of the Course 
in Arts, and are studying for the Ministry of the Church of Scotland. For 
conditions of tenure and subjects of examination, apply to the Rev. Dr Langwill, 
Currie, or to Rev. Dr Patrick, Greenside, Edinburgh. zssars—1894, Thomas 
J. Barnett, Henry Duncan, W. MacKean; 1895, W. Murdie, G. H. Donald. 

LXNII. Bazlie Cousin’s Bursary is open for competition to Students entering 
the Faculty of Arts on a regular course for the Degree of M.A. The holder must 
regularly pass the departmental examinations appropriate to each year. »The 
Bursary cannot be held along with any Fellowship, Scholarship, or Bursary of 
any Scottish University, or with any situation or appointment yielding an annual 
income of £30 or upwards. For Deed of Foundation see CALENDAR 1891-92, 
page 536. Aursar—-1894, William Dunbar. 

LXXIV. Maule Bursaries.—These Bursaries are for the education of poor 
and deserving Students. They may be held by Students prosecuting their studies 
in any of the Faculties. The Examination is in Latin, Greek, Mathematics, 


_ and English for preferential Candidates. Sze Excerpt from Trust Deed, p. 543 


of CALENDAR for 1891-92, and Deed of Foundation, in CALENDAR for 
1894-95. Bursars—1894, David Robertson (six years), Donald J. Boyd (five 
years), Richard EH. Moar (four years), W. A. (ὦν Fallas (three years). 

LXXV. The Donald Fraser Bursary is awarded for high merit in the Uni- 
yersity Class of Natural Philosophy, combined with proficiency in Laboratory 


Work. The Bursar is required to give assistance in the University Physical 


Laboratory, and to engage in research there. The Bursary cannot be held along 


_ with any other Fellowship, Scholarship, or Bursary in any Scottish University. 


_ See Deed of Foundation, p. 545 of CALENDAR for 1891-92. Bursar—1896, G. 
| Ednie. 


IT.—PRIZES. 
I.—THE LORD RECTOR’S PRIZE. 


The Lord Rectors since 1879 have, during their respective tenures 
of office, offered a Prize of Twenty-five Guineas annually, for the best 
Essay on a Historical Subject. 


1895. J. C. Menmutr. 


IIl.—EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY CLUB (OF LONDON) 
TRIENNIAL PRIZE. 
A Prize of Twenty Guineas, open trienniaily, for competition in 


any of the Faculties by Graduates of not more than two years’ stand- 
ing, is offered by the Edinburgh University Club of London, for the 


342 Prizes in Arts. 


best Essay on a subject prescribed by the Deans of the Faculties in 
rotation, subject to the approval of the Senatus. The Prize will be 
open in 1897. 

1895. Robert Hutchison, M.B.C.M. 


IIIL—BRUCE OF GRANGEHILL AND FALKLAND’S PRIZE 
IN THE CLASSES OF LOGIC AND METAPHYSICS. 


This Prize of £20 (with a supplementary Prize of £10 for the Junior 
Division of the Class) is awarded to the most distinguished student in 
this class, ‘‘on such conditions and competition as the Professor may 
direct, and on his decision,” for excellence in the study of Logic and 
Metaphysics. It was founded in 1865, by Mrs Tyndall Bruce of Grange- 
hill and Falkland, in commemoration of John Bruce, Professor of Logic 
and Metaphysics in the University, 1774-1786. 

1896. Frances H. Melville. 


IV.—GRAY PRIZES. 


The Gray Prize Essay Fund was instituted in 1851, in terms of the 
Will of Simon Gray, Esq., of Mornington Crescent, London. The 
Trustees offer annually for competition, two prizes of £20 for the first, 
and £19 for the second best Essay on a subject to be intimated annually 
under Prizes open for the year. For particulars apply to the Rev. W. 
D. Herald, Duns, Secretary to the Trustees. 

1895. 1st Prize, Henry M‘Arthur, Edinburgh, 
2nd Prize, Archibald Scott Ballantyne, Galashiels. 


V.—DR MUIR’S PRIZES IN SANSKRIT AND 
COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY. 


In accordance with the intentions of the late Dr John Muir, and 
with the concurrence of Sir William Muir, the sum of £100, offered by 
Dr Muir in 1872 as a prize to the first candidate who should take the 
degree of Doctor of Science in Sanskrit and Comparative Philology 
within five years,—afterwards renewed, on the same terms, for another 
period of five years,—has now, together with the interest, been 
appropriated by the Senatus for Sanskrit and Comparative Philology 
Class Prizes. It is left to the discretion of the Professor to offer Class 
Prizes, not exceeding £25 in the aggregate, for competition. 

1896. Ist Prize, W. D. Proudfoot. : 
2nd Prize, S. G. Campbell. 


VI.—SCOTT AND DUNBAR PRIZE. 


This Prize, of the value of about £20, was founded in 1872 by the 
Rev. Hew Scott, D.D., of Anstruther Wester, for encouraging the 
study of the Greek Language in the University of Edinburgh. It is 
awarded annually to ‘‘the most deserving and learned student in the 


Scholarships in Arts. 343 
Greek Classes,”’ after such Examination as may be directed by the 
Principal and the Professors of Divinity, Greek, and Humanity. See 
Deed of Foundation at p. 332 of CALENDAR, 1873-74. 


1896. Arthur B. Keith. 


VII.—THE COUSIN PRIZE. 

This Prize, founded in connection with the Class of Fine Art by the 
late David Cousin, Esq., is of the annual value of about £14, 145. 6d., 
and is awarded at the close of each session for proficiency in Class 
Essays set from time to time by the Professor. See Excerpt from Mr 
Cousin’s will in CALENDAR, 1880-81, p. 380, 

1896. Zhomas J. Burnett. 


VIII.—KELLAND MEMORIAL PRIZE. 

The Committee for promoting a Memorial to the late Professor 
Kelland has handed over to the University the sum of £147, Ios., for 
the purpose of founding a Prize to be called the ‘* Kelland Memorial 
Prize,” to be awarded annually to the most distinguished Student in 
Pure Geometry in the Junior Mathematics Class. 


1895. Alexander Sharp. 


ITI.—SCHOLARSHIPS. 


I.—PITT CLUB CLASSICAL SCHOLARSHIP. 


The Pitt Club Scholarship of the annual value of £57, 105. 4d., tenable 
for four years. By ordinance No. 17 of the Scottish Universities’ 
Commissioners of 1858 it is open for competition to all who have 
passed regularly through the Course in Arts in the University, and have 
been admitted to the Degree of M.A. in Edinburgh, at any time within 
four years before the competition takes place. ‘The subjects embraced 
in the examination are CLAssics and ENGLISH LITERATURE. The 
next competition may take place in April 1897. 


1892. Thomas Ross Mills, M.A. 


Il.—MACKENZIE CLASSICAL SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship was founded in 1862, by James Mackenzie, Esq., 
W.S., and is of the annual value of £121, Ios., tenable for four 
years. By ordinance No. 90 of the Scottish Universities’ Commis- 
sioners of 1858, it is open for competition to all. Graduates in Arts in 
the University of Edinburgh of not more than three years’ standing at 
the time of the competition. Candidates are examined in CLASSICAL 
LITERATURE and in ENGLISH LITERATURE, and the Examination is 
conducted by three or more Examiners selected by the Senatus from 
their own body. It cannot be held along with any other Scholarship, 
Fellowship, or Bursary, of any Scottish University. The Examinations 
include—1. Translations from Latin and Greek authors; 2. Com- 
position in Latin and Greek Prose; 3. Latin and Greek Literature, and 


244 Scholarships in Arts. 


History ; 4. English Essay-Writing ; 5. History of English Literature. 
The next competition may take place in April 1897. 
1892. William G. Wedderspoon, M.A. 


IlI.—SIR DAVID BAXTER MATHEMATICAL 
SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship, founded by Sir David Baxter, Bart., of Kilmaron, 
is of the annual value of £61, 15s. 10d., and is tenable for four 
years. By the terms of the Deed of Foundation (given in the 
CALENDAR for 1864-65, p. 171) it is awarded for proficiency in the 
department of Mathematics, particularly in that branch of it which 
includes mechanical and physical science. Competitors must be Gradu- 
ates in Arts of the University, of not more than four years’ standing at 
the time of the competition, who have taken Honours in the department 
of Mathematics. The next competition may take place in April 1900. 

1896. Malcolm C. M‘Alpin, M.A. 


SIR DAVID BAXTER PHILOSOPHICAL 
SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship, also founded by Sir David Baxter, Bart., of Kil- 
maron, is of the annual value of £61, 15s. 1od., and is tenable for 
four years. By the terms of the Deed of Foundation (given in the 
CALENDAR for 1864-65, p. 171), it is awarded for proficiency in the 
Department of Mental Philosophy. Competitors must be Graduates 
in Arts of the University, of not more than four years’ standing 
at the time of the competition, who have taken Honours in the 
department of Mental Philosophy. The subjects of examination are 
Logic, Metaphysics, and Moral Philosophy. The next competition may 
take place in April 1899. 

1895. 7. B. Baillie, M.A. 


V.-VII.—JOHN EDWARD BAXTER SCHOLARSHIPS. 

These Scholarships were founded in 1876, and are three in number, 
each of the annual value of about £85, 13s. 6d., and tenable for three 
years. One isin the Department of Classical Literature, another in Mental 
Philosophy, and the third in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. 
They are open for competition to all Masters of Arts of the University 
of not more than three years’ standing at the time of the competition. 
The Scholarship in Mental Philosophy may be in April 1897, and those 
in Mathematics and in Classics may be open in April 1899. See Deed 
of Foundation at p. 361 of CALENDAR for 1877-78. 

1896. W. D. Ross, M.A. (C1.) 
John A, Macdonald, M.A., B.Sc. (Math.). 


VIIIL.—DRUMMOND MATHEMATICAL SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship was founded in 1865 by Miss Elizabeth Drummond, 
in memory of her brother, Captain Drummond, R.E., Under Secre- 
tary for Ireland. It is of the annual value of £105, 5s., and is ten- 


Vi 


Scholarships in Arts. 345 


able for three years. By the Deed of Foundation (given at p. 198 
of CALENDAR for 1865-66), it is open to Graduates in Arts of not more 
than three years’ standing, who have graduated with Honours in 
the Department of Mathematics. It cannot be held with any other 
Bursary or Scholarship, and the holder is recommended to travel for 
the purpose of inspecting, in this and other countries, remarkable 
engineering and architectural structures, to extend his knowledge of the 
practical application of Mathematical principles ; and, if required by the 
Senatus Academicus, to deliver reports on the principal structures 
examined by him, and the Mathematical principles exemplified thereby ; 
which reports the Senatus may cause to be publicly read in the Uni- 
versity or elsewhere in Edinburgh. The next competition may take 
place in April 1897. 


IX.—BRUCE OF GRANGEHILL AND FALKLAND’S 
CLASSICAL SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship, founded in 1865 by Mrs Tyndall Bruce of Falkland, 
is of the annual value of £100, and is tenable for three years, during two of 
which the studies of the Scholar must be prosecuted in the University of 
Edinburgh, but in the third year they may be prosecuted in an English 
or Foreign University. By the terms of the Deed of Foundation (given 
at p. 205 of the CALENDAR for 1866-67), this and the two following 
Scholarships held by Students who have passed their Examinations for 
the Degree of Master of Arts with Honours, have hitherto been conferred 
upon the most distinguished in that one of the Honours Departments 
which is appropriated for each year. The Scholarship cannot be con- 
ferred upon any one whose age exceeds twenty-three years, and it 
cannot be held with any other Scholarship or Fellowship of a Scottish 
University, or with any situation yielding an income of £100 per annum. 
In the event of the Scholarship becoming vacant during the period of 
tenure, through resignation or otherwise, of the Scholar, then the sum 
falling in shall be bestowed by the Senatus for the remaining period of 
tenure on a Student attending the Divinity Classes who shall be re- 
ported by the Faculty of Theology to be a meritorious Student and 
pecving of the Scholarship. The next award may be made in April 
1899. 

1896. Marshall W. G. Gray, M.A. 


X.—BRUCE OF GRANGEHILL AND FALKLAND’S 
SCHOLARSHIP IN MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 


This Scholarship, founded in 1865 by Mrs Tyndall Bruce of Falkland, 
is of the annual value of £100, and is tenable for the same period, and 
under the same conditions as the preceding. ‘The subjects of examina- 
tion are Logic and Psychology, Metaphysics, Moral Philosophy, and 
History of Philosophy. The next award may be made in April 1898. 


1895. J. Macaskill, M.A. 


346 Scholarships in Arts. 


XI.—BRUCE OF GRANGEHILL AND FALKLAND’S 
MATHEMATICAL SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship, founded in 1865 by Mrs Tyndall Bruce of Falkland, 
is of the annual value of £100, and is tenable for the same period, and 
under the same conditions as the preceding. The subjects of examina- 
tion are Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. The next award may 
be made in April 1899. 

1896. Andrew C. Smith, M.A. 


XII.—GRAY SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship, founded by Mr Gray of Baad Park in 1864, is 
of the annual value of £86, 15s. 6d., and tenable for two years. It 
is awarded for distinction in one of the Honours groups of subjects for 
the Degree of Master of Arts, or in one of the groups of subjects for 
the Final Examination for the Degree of Bachelor of Science, or in 
the Historical and Philosophical subjects of the examination for the 
Degree of Bachelor of Laws, or to Students in the Faculty of Divinity 
for distinction in the Final Examination for the Degree of Bachelor of 
Divinity. It has been resolved that the Scholarship shall be offered in 
rotation in the Faculties of Arts, Science, Law, and Divinity. When 
it falls to the Faculty of Arts it will be offered in rotation in the order 
of the groups of Honours subjects in the Arts regulations, and when it 
falls to the Faculty of Science, it will be offered in one of the groups of 
the Second Science Examination. When not awarded in the Faculty 
in which it is offered, it will then be offered to the other Faculties in 
rotation. The first award may be made in April 1897. The holder of 
the Scholarship is required, as a condition of tenure, to satisfy the 
Senatus Academicus that he is pursuing special higher studies, or that 
he is engaged in original research, either in the University of Edinburgh 
or in another University approved by the University Court, and he 
must also satisfy the Senatus Academicus of the importance of the 
work he proposes to undertake, and of his qualifications for such work. 


XIII. GILCHRIST SCHOLARSHIPS. 


‘These Scholarships were founded in 1865 by the Trustees of the late 
Dr Gilchrist ; they are three in number, each of the annual value of 
£100, and are open to natives of India who have passed competitive 
examinations at the Presidential Colleges of India. They are attached 
to the Medical, Law, and Literary Classes in the University. 


XIV.-XV.—FETTES EXHIBITIONS. 
These Exhibitions are each of the annual value of £60, and are 
tenable for four years. They are open annually for competition, one 
among the Foundationers alone, and the other among the Foundationers 


and such_other pupils as have attended Fettes College regularly for not 
less than five years. 


Scholarships in Arts. 247 


XVI.-XVII.—RHIND SCHOLARSHIPS. 

These Scholarships were, in accordance with the will of the late 
A. H. Rhind, Esq., of Sibster, founded by his trustees on the reversion 
of his estate. They are two in number, one in the Department of 
Classical Literature, the other in that of Philosophy, are each of the 
annual value of £88, 7s. 6d., are tenable for not less than two years, 
or more than three years, and are open to Undergraduates and to 
Graduates of not more than three years’ standing at the time of the 
competition. Competitors must have attended classes in this Univer- 
sity for not less than three wés¢er sessions or their equivalent, attend- 
ance being defined to mean that the competitors must present Certifi- 
cates of having attended at least four classes during the period aforesaid, 
and of having duly performed the work of the classes. The successful 
Candidates may be required to undertake duties connected with the 
teaching of the University, or otherwise assist in some department 
of its operations. See Deed of Foundation at p. 323 of CALENDAR 
for 1874-75. The next competition for the Classical Scholarship may 
take place in April 1898, and the next competition for the Philo- 
sophical Scholarship may take place in April 1899. 

1895. J. M. Moore, M.A. (Cl.) | 1896. Alexander Darroch. 

XVIII.—THE CHARLES MACLAREN SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship, founded in 1871 by the Trustees of Mrs Maclaren, 
in memory of Charles Maclaren, Esq., the eminent geologist, is of the 
annual value of £108, 19s. 2d., and is tenable for three years. It is for 
the encouragement of the study of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, 
and is open to all graduates in Arts of not more than three yeais’ 
standing at the time of the Competition (and under 30 years of age) 
who shall have taken honours in Mathematics. The successful com- 
petitors are to spend a few months in travelling and in examining 
remarkable Engineering and Architectural Structures, and to report to 
the Senatus, which report the Senatus may cause to be publicly read in 
the University. The Deed of Foundation is given at p. 324 of CALENDAR 
for 1873-74. The next competition may be in April 1899. 

1896. James A. Macdonald, M.A., B.Sc. 


XIX.—NEIL ARNOTT SCHOLARSHIP FOR EXPERI- 
MENTAL PHYSICS. 

This Scholarship, value about £38, 10s., was founded in 1874, and is 
awarded annually to the most distinguished Student in the Physical 
Laboratory of the University. 

The recipient must, during the ensuing Summer and Winter Sessions, 
assist the Professor of Natural Philosophy in the Laboratory. Failing 
a Student deemed by the Professor worthy of the Scholarship, it may be 
given to the Candidate for a Degree in Arts who has undergone the 
Examination in Natural Philosophy with most distinction. See Deed of 
Foundation, at p. 340 of CALENDAR for 1875-76. 

1896. /. 7. Young. 


348 Scholarships in Arts. 


XX.-XXII-—FERGUSON SCHOLARSHIPS. 

The examination of Candidates for Three of these Scholarships, 
each of the annual value of £80, and tenable for two years, will be 
held in Glasgow, on Tuesday, 29th September 1896, and following 
day. One of the Scholarships to be awarded for the greatest proficiency 
in Classics; one for the greatest proficiency in Mathematics, including 
Natural Philosophy; and one for the greatest proficiency in Mental 
Philosophy, including Logic, Psychology, Metaphysics, and Moral 
Philosophy. 

The Competition is open to ‘‘all persons who have passed the 
Examinations required for the Degree of Master of Arts in one of the 
Universities of Scotland (whether taking the Degree at the same time 
or not) provided that at the time of the Competition not more than six 
years have elapsed since the date of their first matriculation after having 
passed the Preliminary Examination, and who have not already gained 
one of these Scholarships.” Candidates are required to enter their 
names at the Office of the Ferguson Bequest Fund, 94 Bath Street, 
Glasgow, not later than Ist September 1896, 

For further information apply at the Office of The Ferguson Bequest 
Fund, 94 Bath Street, Glasgow. 

HOLDERs, 1895. 
Classical—W illiam Wallace M‘ ἘΠ Μ.Α. οἵ Edinburey University. 
Mathematica/—-John Alexander Johnston, M.A, 0. 
Philosophical—James Black Baillie, M.A. a 


XXIII.-XXXII. REVISED REGULATIONS FOR VANS 
DUNLOP SCHOLARSHIPS. 


(These Regulations will come into effect in October 1897 for all 
the Scholarships, except in Political Ecomomy, for which they take 
effect after the Examination in October 1896. For previous conditions 
of eligibility see former CALENDARS. ) 


TEN VANS DUNLOP SCHOLARSHIPS, each of the annual value of 
£100, and tenable for three years, are, by the Deed of Foundation, 
appropriated to the following subjects:—1. English Literature and 
Poetry ; 2. Classical Learning—Latin and Greek ; 3. Commercial and 
Political Economy and Mercantile Law; 4. Logic and Metaphysics; 
s. Natural Philosophy; 6. Mathematics; 7. Hebrew and Oriental 
(Semitic) Languages; 8. History ; 9. Moral Philosophy; 10. Sanskrit 
and Comparative Philology. In terms of the Trust-Disposition (which 
is given at p. 380 of CALENDAR for 1380- 81), the Scholarships are given 
only for ‘‘ distinguished proficiency” in the various subjects of compe- 
tition, as determined by the Examiners and the Senatus Academicus. 

The following are the General Regulations for the Examinations :— 

Competitors for these Scholarships must have regularly attended at 
least one full Course or two Half-Courses in the University of Edin- 
burgh during each Academic year in which they claim to have been 


Scholarships in Arts. 349 


Matriculated Students, and no Candidate is eligible who has discontinued 
attendance at the University of Edinburgh for more than one year. 
The years of Academic study count from the first year in which a Candi- 
date has attended one of the classes qualifying for the degree of M.A. 

Each Scholarship is tenable on condition that the Scholar sub- 
mits annually to the University evidence that he is prosecuting his 
studies, or his professional work, in a manner satisfactory to the 
Senatus. The evidence may consist of—(1.) Certificates of attendance 
on Lectures or Laboratories in this or some other University; or (2.) 
Certificate of having acted as Assistant to a Professor in this or some 
other University; or (3.) A written Report of work done by the 
Scholar during the year, together with a Thesis composed by himself 
on a subject connected with that work. 

Not more than one of these Scholarships can be held by the same 
person, and Vans Dunlop Scholars cannot hold, along with their 
Scholarship, any other Fellowship, Scholarship, or Bursary in the 
University of Edinburgh. 

Candidates for the Vans Dunlop Scholarships must, on entering 
for the Examinations, produce evidence that they have fulfilled the 
conditions of eligibility. 

Candidates, if not already matriculated, are required to pay the 
Matriculation Fee for the year in which the competition takes place. 

The names of Candidates highly distinguished in the Vans Dunlop 
Scholarship examinations may be published. 


XXIII.—ENGLISH LITERATURE AND POETRY. 


Candidates are subjected to an Examination testing—(1.) Knowledge 
of the History of English Literature generally, and more particularly 
through a prescribed period ; (2.) Acquaintance with certain books, 
chiefly of English Poetry, prescribed for special reading ; (3.) Ability 
in English Composition, in the form of an Essay, written in the Exa- 
mination Room, on some subject of literary criticism. 

The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated 
Students for not less than two years in this University, and not more 
than five years altogether in this or any other University; and who 
have given regular attendance in the Class of Rhetoric and English 
Literature, and in at least one other class on English Language or 
Literature. The next Competition will take place in March 1897 
(under the Old Regulations). 

The Professor of Rhetoric and English Literature, and an Examiner 
appointed by the Senatus, are the Examiners. 

1894. Thomas Hart. 
Prox. accesstt, D. Nichol Smith. 


XXIV,—CLassIcAL LEARNING—LATIN AND GREEK, 
1. Zatiz.—The Examination will test :— 


(2.) Knowledge of Latin books and special subjects pre- 
viously prescribed. 


350 Scholarships in Arts. 


(¢.) Power of Latin Composition, and of translating from 
Latin authors not previously prescribed. 

(c.) Knowledge of Latin History and Literature. 

2. Greek.—(a.) Knowledge of Greek books and special subjects 

previously prescribed. ; 

(2.) Power of Greek Composition, and of translating 
from Greek authors not prescribed. 

(c.) Knowledge of Greek History and Literature. 

The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated 
Students for not less than two years in this University, and not more 
than four years altogether in this or any other University, and who have 
given regular attendance in the Latin and Greek Classes necessary for 
graduation in Arts. 

The next Competition will take place in October 1896 (under the 
Old Regulations). 

The Professors of Humanity and Greek are the Examiners. 

1893. W. W. M‘Kechnie. 
XXV.—COMMERCIAL AND POLITICAL ECONOMY AND MERCANTILE 
Law. 

The Examination will test knowledge of the subjects assigned in 
the Deed of Endowment to the Chair of Commercial and Political 
Economy and Mercantile Law. It will include the subjects embraced 
in the Lectures, and also in books prescribed from time to time by the 
Appropriate Board of Studies. 

The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated Students 
for not less than two years in this University, and not more than five 
years altogether in this or any other University, and who have regularly 
attended the Class of Commercial and Political Economy and Mercantile 
Law. The next Competition will take place in October 1896 (under 
the Old Regulations). 

The Professor of Political Economy and an Examiner appointed by 
the Senatus are the Examiners. 

1895. No award. 
XXVI.—Locic AND METAPHYSICS. 

The Examination will test knowledge of (a.) Logic, (¢.) Psychology, 
(c.) Metaphysics and the History of Philosophy. It will include the 
subjects embraced in the I.ectures on each of these branches ; also pre- 
scribed Reading and Studies of special subjects. 

The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated 
Students for not less than two years in this University, and not more 
than four years altogether at this or any other University, and who 
have completed attendance at the Ordinary Class of Logic and Meta- 
physics. The next Competition will take place in March 1897 (under 
the Old Regulations). 

The Professor of Logic and Metaphysics and the Professor of Moral 
Philosophy are the Examiners. 

1894. Hugh R. MacKintosh, M.A. 


Scholarships in Arts. B55 


XXVII.—NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 


The Examination will test the knowledge of the Candidates in Ex- 
perimental Physics and Applied Mathematics. 

The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated 
Students for at least two years in this University, and not more than 
six years altogether in this or any other University, and who have 
attended at least two of the classes of Natural Philosophy, of which 
the Ordinary Course must be one. The next Examination will take 
place in March 1808. 

The Professor of Natural Philosophy and an Examiner appointed by 
the Senatus are the Examiners. 

1895. J. &. Cameron, M.A. 


XXVIII.—MATHEMATICS. 

The Examination will test Candidates in pure mathematical subjects 
in the Honours Department for the Degree of Master of Arts, and in 
special subjects to be prescribed by the Examiners from time to time. 

The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated 
Students for at least two years in this University, and not more than 
six years altogether in this or any other University, and who have 
attended at least two of the Mathematical Classes, one of these being an 
Honours Class. The next Examination will take place in March 1808. 

The Professor of Mathematics and an Examiner appointed by the 
Senatus are the Examiners. : 

1895. Λ A. Johnston, M.A. 


X XIX.—HEBREW AND ORIENTAL (SEMITIC) LANGUAGES. 


The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated 
Students for not less than two years in this University, and not more 
than six years altogether in this or any other University; and who 
have attended at least two courses under the Professor of Hebrew 
and Oriental Languages. 

Candidates will be examined in Hebrew, Syriac, and Arabic. 

The Examiners are the Professor of Hebrew and Oriental Languages, 
and an Examiner appointed by the Senatus. The next Competition 
will take place at the end of Winter Session 1898-99. 

1896. Andrew Tweedie, M.A. 
XX X.—HISTORY. 

The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated 
Students for not less than two years in this University, and not more 
than five years altogether in this or any other University, and who 
have attended two or more courses of Professorial Lectures on History 
within the University. 

The Examiners are the Professors of History, and such others as may 
be appointed by the Senatus from time to time. The next Competition 
will take place in October 1898. 

1895. C. S. Pennell, 


352 Scholarships in Arts. 


XXXI.—Mora.L PHILOSOPHY. 


The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated Students 
for not less than two years in this University, and not more than four 
years altogether in this or any other University, and who have com- 
pleted attendance at the Ordinary Class of Moral Philosophy. 

The Professor of Moral Philosophy and the Professor of Logic and 
Metaphysics are the Examiners. The next Competition will take place 
in October 1898. 

1895. Alexander Mair. 


XXXIL—SANSKRIT AND COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY. 


The Competition is open to all who have been Matriculated Students 
for not less than two years in this University, and not more than six 
years altogether in this or any other University, and who have attended 
at least two courses under the Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative 
Philology. 

The Examiners are the Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative Philo- 
logy, and another Examiner to be appointed by the Senatus. The next 
Competition will take place in March 1898. 


1895. William Eggeling. 


XXXIII.—SKIRVING SCHOLARSHIP FOR MORAL 
PHILOSOPHY. 


This Scholarship is to be founded (after the death of an annuitant) in 
accordance with the Will of the late David Skirving, of No. 13 West- 
bourne Park, London. It will be of the annual value of about £50, 
and tenable for three years. See Deed of Foundation at p. 350 of 
CALENDAR for 1876-77. 


XXXIV.—LANG SCHOLARSHIPS. 


This is a Bequest by the late John Lang, Esq. of Warren Park, Ayr- 
shire, with the object of founding four Scholarships, to be called the 
** Lang Scholarships,” one in Natural Philosophy, one in Mathematics, 
one in Chemistry, and one in Botany. The capital sum will be payable 
on the death of the survivor of two liferenters. 


XXXV.—MACKAY SMITH SCHOLARSHIP IN NATURAL 
PHILOSOPHY. 


This Scholarship is of the annual value of £25, tenable for two years, 
and is open for competition to Students who have attended the Class 
of Natural Philosophy in this University. The successful candidate is 
required to attend the class of Natural Philosophy, or to prosecute the 
study of Natural Philosophy, during at least one year of his tenure of 
the Scholarship, in such way as the Senatus may direct or approve, 
The next award may be made in April 1898. 

1896. Alexander Brown. 


Scholarships tn Arts, 353 


XXXVI.—SCOTT SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship, of about £30, is awarded annually (a previous 
holder not being ineligible for re-election), for the purpose of assist- 
ing Graduates in Arts of the University, of not more than three 
years’ standing at the date of their election as Scholars, to travel for 
purposes of Study or Research. Applicants are required to state :— 
I. The purpose for which they desire to use the Scholarship ; and 2. 
What other means they have towards the object in view. The award 
will be based—(1) On the importance of the work to be undertaken ; 
(2) the sufficiency of the means proposed to be applied to the work ; 
(3) the capability of the applicant for the work he proposes to under- 
take. The holders are required in all cases to satisfy the Senatus, by 
half yearly reports, that they are carrying out the work undertaken ; and 
must present a final report or deliver a short Course of Lectures on 
their work when completed. The appointment is made by the Senatus 
on a report by the Faculty of Arts on the merits of the applicants. The 
first competition will be open to all Graduates in Arts qualified as 
above, but thereafter preference will be given to Candidates desiring to 
undertake work in the following groups of subjects, under the following 
scheme of rotation, provided always that a suitable Candidate presents 
himself :—(1) Classical Languages and Classical Archeology ; (2) 
Mental Philosophy; (3) Mathematical and Physical Science; (4) 
Semitic and Indian Languages ; (5) English and Modern Languages ; 
(6) History. Next award may be made in April 1897. See Regula- 
tions in CALENDAR for 1894-95. 

XXXVII.—MACPHERSON SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship is awarded by the Senatus Academicus to a student 
who has, within six years of the date of the competition, completed 
the examinations necessary for the degree of Master of Arts in the 
University of Edinburgh, with or without honours, who has included 
in his examination the subjects of Latin and Greek, and who has 
attended the class of Celtic and attained distinction in that subject. 
The scholar must study Celtic in any University or other place 
offering special facilities for Celtic study, subject to the approval of 
the Senatus Academicus. The Scholarship is of the annual value of 
about £85, 17s. 4d., and is tenable for one year. At the end of his period 
of tenure the scholar must submit to the Senatus Academicus a report 
of the work he has done, and of such further studies in Celtic as he pro- 
poses to prosecute, and the Senatus Academicus may, if they think fit, 
appoint him to the said Scholarship for a further period of one year. 
The first award may be made in April 1897. 


IV.—FELLOW SHIPS. 


E-—GUTHRIE FELLOWSHIP IN CLASSICAL 
LITERATURE. 
This fellowship, founded in 1866 by James Guthrie, Esq., London, 
is of the annual value of £83, 15s., and is tenable for four years. By 


Z 


354 Scholarships in Arts. 


the terms of the Deed of Foundation (given at p. 210 of the CALENDAR 
for 1866-67) it is for proficiency in Classical Literature, and is open to 
Graduates in Arts of the University who have taken their Degree since 
the last competition. Students who have passed all their examinations 
for a Degree since the last competition, but have deferred graduating, 
are also eligible. It cannot be held along with any other Fellowship or 
Scholarship in a Scottish University. The next Competition may take 
place in April 1899. 
1895. Δ. 2. Ross, AA. 


II.—SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON FELLOWSHIP IN 
MENTAL PHILOSOPHY. 


This Fellowship, founded in 1866 by the Subscribers to the fund 
for a Memorial to the late Professor Sir William Hamilton, and by the 
Association for the better endowment of the University, is of the annual 
value of £85, 5s., and is tenable for three years. By the Deed of 
Foundation (given at p. 213 of CALENDAR for 1866-67), the Fellow- 
ship is open to all Graduates in Arts of the University of Edinburgh 
of not more than three years’ standing at the time of the competition. 
It cannot be held along with any other Scholarship or Fellowship in a 
Scottish University. The subjects of examination are Logic, Meta- 
physics, Moral Philosophy, and the History of Philosophy. The next 
Competition may take place in April 1897. 


III.—_SHAW FELLOWSHIP IN MENTAL 
PHILOSOPHY. 


This Fellowship, founded in 1867 by Contributors to a Memorial 
to Sir James Shaw, Bart., a native of Ayrshire, afterwards Lord 
Mayor of, and M.P. for, London, and by the Association for the better 
endowment of the University, for the encouragement of the study of 
Logic, Psychology, Metaphysics, Moral Philosophy, and the History 
of Philosophy, is awarded after competitive examination on these 
subjects. It is open to Graduates in Arts of any of the four Scottish 
Universities, of not more than five years’ standing at the time of the 
competition, is of the annual value of £140, 2s. 6d., and is tenable 
for five years. It cannot be held along with any other Fellowship, 
Scholarship, or Bursary in any Scottish University, and it is not open 
to the competition of any person who already holds a Fellowship 
in any English or Irish University, though the holder of the Shaw 
Fellowship will not be precluded from afterwards obtaining an 
English or Irish Fellowship. The holder is required during the 
fourth or fifth year of his tenure of the Fellowship to deliver in this 
University a Course of four Lectures on any of the subjects for the 
encouragement of the study of which the Fellowship was founded. 
The next Competition for the Fellowship may take place in April 
1899. (Deed of Foundation, p. 237 of CALENDAR for 1868-69.) 

1893. Harry Barker, M.A. 


Fellowships tn Arts. 355 


IV.-VI.—GEORGE HERIOT FELLOWSHIPS. 


Three Fellowships for Research, each of £100, and tenable for 
one year, are offered annually by the Governors of the Trust, to 
be awarded by Competitive Examination by means of Theses in 
each of the following three Groups of Study, viz. :—(1) Mathe- 
matical, Physical, Experimental, and Natural Science, embracing the 
following subjects :—Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, Astronomy, 
Botany, Geology, Physiology, Human Anatomy, Anthropology, Chem- 
istry, Zoology. (2) Language and Literature, embracing—Latin, 
Greek, Modern Greek, French, German, Italian, Sanskrit, Hebrew, 
Arabic, Syriac, Celtic, English. (3) Philosophy and History, embrac- 
ing—Logic and Metaphysics, Moral Philosophy, Political Economy, 
Education (Theory, History, and Art of), Philosophy of Law and 
History, Archeology and Art (History of), Constitutional Law and 
History, Roman Law, Public Law. The Fellowships are open to any 
Bachelor of Science or of Medicine, or to any Master of Arts with 
Honours of the University of not more than five years’ standing from 
the dates of their Degrees respectively, provided the Candidate has 
attended during his Curriculum not less than two years at this Uni- 
versity. In case of equality between competitors in two different 
Subjects within the same Group, preference will be given to the Subjects 
in the above order, except that the Subject in each Group in whica an 
award may be made during 1896 will be placed at the end of the Group 
in 1897. Should no award be made in any Group, the Fellowship thus 
set free may be awarded to one of the Fellows of the preceding year, or 
offered to the most deserving of the unsuccessful Candidates in one of 
the other Groups. 

Each applicant must give evidence that his time will be sufficiently 
at his disposal during his tenure to allow him to carry on the Research 
specified. 

The Fellows must prosecute Research during the tenure of their 
Fellowships in some department of Language and Literature, Philo- 
sophy and History, or Science, to be specified by them in their applica- 
tions. The stipend is payable half-yearly in advance, but before 
receiving any payment after the first, the Fellow shall submit to the 
Dean of the Faculty in which he is a Graduate, a written report of the 
progress of the work in which he is engaged, with a programme of his 
future work. 

Applications for the Fellowships must be lodged with the Secretary 
-of Senatus annually on or before Ist June, accompanied by a Thesis, and 
statement by the Candidate of the manner in which he proposes to 
fulfil the conditions of tenure if successful in gaining a Fellowship. 
At the same time applications should be lodged by such of the 
Fellows of the preceding year as may desire a continuation of their 
Fellowship, and can show good reason why such continuation should 
be granted. 

Copies of the Regulations may be obtained on application to Mr 


356 Scholarships in Arts open in 1896-97. 


Davip Lewis, Treasurer, George Heriot’s Trust, 20 York Place, 
Edinburgh. See Regulations in CALENDAR for 1896-97, page 714. 
1895. 2). Nichol Smith, M.A. (English). 


WILLIAM DICKSON TRAVELLING FUND. 


This Fund (the interest of which amounts to about 4100 per annum) 
has been established for the purpose of assisting Graduates of any 
Faculty, of not more than Three Years’ standing, to travel, for a shorter 
or longer period, for purposes of study or research. Grants from the 
Fund may be made to holders of Scholarships, Bursaries, &c. Appli- 
cants are required to state—‘‘(1) The purpose for which the Applicants 
desire to get a Grant for travelling ; (2) the total amount of expenditure 
thought necessary ; (3) the other means they have towards meeting this 
expenditure ; and (4) the amount of the Grant required from the Fund.” 
The award of a grant to be based on—‘‘(1) The importance of the 
work proposed to be undertaken ; (2) the sufficiency of the means pro- 
posed to be applied to the work ; (3) the capability of the Applicants 
for the work they respectively propose to undertake.” ‘‘ Holders of 
Grants in all cases to satisfy the Senatus by periodical reports that they 
are carrying out satisfactorily the work or investigation undertaken ; 
and to present a final report, or to deliver a course of public University 
Lectures on their work when completed.” Applications must be 
lodged with the Secretary of Senafus on or before 15th March annually. 
For Deed of Endowment, see p. 514 of CALENDAR, 1889-90. 

1896.—Grants of £21 were made to each of the following :—J. A. 
Murray, B.Sc. ; Bertram Prentice, B.Sc.; ἢ, Nichol Smith, M.A. ; 
W. White Taylor, M.A. 


THE SWINEY LECTURESHIP ON GEOLOGY. 


This Lectureship is in the patronage of the Trustees of the British 
Museum, is of the annual value of £144, and is open to Graduates in 
any of the Faculties in this University who have obtained their Degrees 
after examination. For further particulars see under Faculty of Science, 
page 468. 


FELLOWSHIPS, SCHOLARSHIPS, UNIVERSITY PRIZES, 
AND BURSARIES, OPEN DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 
1896-97. 

Fellowships." 


Candidates for the Fellowships and Scholarships open in Spring 
must give their names and addresses to the Clerk of Senatus, Univer- 


1 For further information, and for information regarding other Fellowships, 
Scholarships, Bursaries, and Prizes, see Fellowships, &c., where full information 
regarding the conditions and values, &c., are given. The values of the Fellowships, 
Scholarships, Bursaries, and Prizes are subject to variation consequent on the rise 
and fall of the rate of interest, &c. 


Scholarships in Arts open tn 1896-97. 357 


sity, Edinburgh, ov or before 15th March 1897.1 The Examinations will 
begin in the Examination Hall, University, at 9 o’clock on Monday, 
29th March 1897, unless otherwise stated, and will be continued on 
following days, at the same hours. 

1-3. Three George Heriot Fellowships for Research, Nos. IV.-V1., 
page 355- 

4. Hamilton Fellowship in Mental Philosophy, No. 11., page 354. 


Scholarships.” ° 


5. Macpherson Scholarship, No. XXXVII., page 353. The subjects 
of Examination are: (1) Fled Bricrend and Longes Mac N-Usnig 
(Windisch’s Irische Texte). (2) Modern Gaelic: Alexander Macdonald’s 
Poems ; Keating’s Three Shafts of Death, Books I. and II. (Atkinson’s 
Edition). (3) Translations into English from Old and Modern Gaelic 
Authors (Scottish azd Irish) not prescribed. (4) Translation from 
English into Gaelic prose (Scottish ov Irish). (5) A general knowledge 
of the History of Gaelic Literature, with more detailed knowledge of 
the Old period (from the commencement until 1000 A.D.). 

6. Mackenzie Scholarship in Classical and English Literature, No. 11., 
page 343. 

. 7. Drummond Mathematical Scholarship, No. VIIL., page 344. 

8. John Edward Baxter Philosophical Scholarship, No. -» page 344. 

9. Pitt Club Classical Scholarship, No. 1., page 343. 

10-13. four Vans Dunlop Scholarships. 

10. Vaxs Dunlop Scholarship in Classical Learning, No. XXIV., 
page 349. Examination on 6th October 1896, and following days, from 
gto 12and 2to5. Names to be entered on or before 18th September. 

The following are the subjects of Examination :— 

Latin. 

I. Plautus, Raudens, Miles Gloriosus. Horace, Odes, and Epistles, 
bk. 1. Propertius, Selections, ed. by Postgate. Sallust, Cateline, and 
Jugurtha, Tacitus, Annals, i.-ii., and Agricola. Quintilian, bk. x. 

II. Translation from books not ‘prescribed. 

III. Latin Prose Composition. 

ΓΝ. General questions on Language, Literature, and History, chiefly 
in connection with books prescribed. 

Greek. 
I. (i.) Homer, eae ss i.-xll.—(li.) Sophocles, Electra, Philoc- 
tetes—(iii. ) Aristophanes, Vasps, frogs—(iv.) Thucydides, v., vi.— 
(v. ) Aristotle, Rhetorz ve, be 111. 


1 The Senatus reserve power to relax this Regulation in cases where they are 
satisfied that very τι cause has been shown. 

2 See footnote 1, p. 

3 Scholarships in ee ΠΕΣ of the University founded prior to August 1864 are 
open to both sexes. 


358 Scholarships in Arts open in 1896-97. 


II. Translation from books not prescribed. 

III. Greek Prose Composition. 

IV. General questions on Language, Literature, and History, chiefly 
directed to test a knowledge of the books prescribed. 

11. Vans Dunlop Scholarship in Commercial and Political Economy 
and Mercantile Law, No. XXV., page 350. The examination will be 
held at the conclusion of the Graduation examination in Law in October 
1896. Names to be entered ov or before 15th October. 

The works on Political Economy recommended are :— 

Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations, Books IV. and V. 

Sidgwick’s Principles of Political Economy, Book III. 

Marshall’s Przvciples of Economics (3rd edit.), Vol. I. 

Nicholson’s Principles of Political Economy, Vol. I. 

Nicholson’s Money and Monetary Problems (3rd edit.). 

Bastable’s Public Finance (2nd edit.). 

Cunningham’s Growth of English Industry and Commerce, Vol. II. 

Those on Mercantile Law :— 

Pollock’s Contract (6th ed.). 

Smith’s Mercantile Law (10th ed.). 

Erskine’s Principles, Book III., T. I.-V. inclusive (19th ed.) 

12. Vans Dunlop Scholarship in English Literature and Poetry, 
No. XXIIL., page 349. Examination on Wednesday, 31st March 1897, 
and following days, from 9 to 12 and 2 to 5, 

The examination will include, besides the Class Lectures, (a) Inde- 
pendent Knowledge of the History of English Literature, and (ὁ) of the 
following works :— 

Chaucer’s Prologue to the Canterbury Tales, Clerkes Tale, and Hous 
of Fame; WLangland’s Piers the Plowman, Passus i.-iv. ; Malory’s 
Morte αὐ Arthur ; Dunbar’s Poems; Spenser’s Shepheardes Calendar 
and Faery Qucene (Books iii. and iv.); Marlowe’s Edward J1/. ; 
Shakespeare’s 7empest, Love’s Labour's Lost, Winter's Tale, Romeo 
and Juliet, Othello, Cymbeline, and Sonnets; Jonson’s Every Man in 
his Humour ; Bacon’s Essays ; Milton’s Paradise Lost, i.-iii., Sonnets, 
and Areopagitica; Cowley’s Pindariqgue Odes; Dryden’s Essay of 
Dramatic Poesy, the Defence of the Essay, The Indian Emperor, and 
Absolom and Achitophel; Pope’s Essay on Criticism, Satires, and 
Epistles ; Swift's Tale of a Tub ; Johnson’s Lives of Cowley, Dryden, 
Pope, and Swift; Gray’s Poems; Cowper’s Zask; Burns’s Poems: 
Scott’s Poems; Wordsworth’s #xcursion, Books i. and ii., Prefaces, 
The Lyrical Ballads; Byron’s Childe Harold; Shelley’s Adonais ; 
Keats’s L/yferion; Tennyson’s Jdylls of the King; Browning’s 
Dramatis Persone. 

13. Vans Dunlop Scholarship in Logic and Metaphyics, No. XXVI., 
page 350. The Examination will be (as far as possible) combined with 
the Examination for Honours in the Department of Philosophy in 
March 1897. 

14. Zhe Gray Scholarship, No. XII1., page 346. 


Sr 


Fellowships in Arts open tn 1896-97. 359 


15. Wel Arnott Scholarship for Experimental Physics, No, XIX., 
page 347. 

16. Zhe Scott Scholarshif, No. XXXVI, page 353. 

16, 17, 18. Three Ferguson Scholarships, No. XX., page 348, 


Jrizes.' 


1. The William Dickson Travelling Fund, page 356. 

2. The Lord Rector’s Prize, of twenty-five guineas, for the best 
Essay on ‘‘ The influence of the Individual in History.” The Prize is 
open to Matriculated Students, and to Graduates of not more than two 
years’ standing. Essays to be lodged with the Secretary of Senatus 
on or before Ist November, each Essay distinguished by a motto, and 
accompanied by a sealed envelope containing the name, address, and 
University standing of the Candidate. 

3. Scott and Dunbar Prize, No. V1., page 342. 

4. Bruce of Grangehill and Falklana’s Prize, No. IIl., page 342. 

5. The Elizabeth Hamilton Prize of 45 is offered to the best Woman 
Student in the Classes of Logic and Mental Philosophy. 

6. Neil Arnott Prize, about £42, No. I., page 692. 

7. Cousin Prize in Fine Art, No. VII., page 343. 

8, 9. Gray Prizes of £20 and £10 for the first and second best Essays 
on ‘‘ The life and writings of Robert Louis Stevenson.” For further 
information apply to the Rev. W. D. Herald, Duns. 

10. Dr Muir's Prizes, No. V., page 342. 

11, 12. Zwo Newton Bursaries or Prizes, No. LXIV., page 339. 

13. Zhe Kelland Memorial Prize, of about £4, 12s., will be awarded 
by Examination in October. The paper will be on the Higher Geometry 
for the John Welsh Bursaries (set on Monday, 5th October, at 9 A.M.), 
with such additional questions as may be deemed necessary. Students 
who made a complete attendance on the Junior Mathematics Class 
for the first time in the previous Session (1895-96) will alone be 
eligible to compete for the prize in October next. Names to be given 
in not later than 18th September, 


Hursarics.! 
FOR STUDENTS ENTERING THEIR FIRST YEAR. 
(For Time-Table of Examinations, see pages 132-134.) 


Bursaries in Arts heretofore tenable for four years shall continue to 
be so tenable, provided that, if the holders graduate after three years, 
they shall only retain their Bursaries during a fourth year if they shall 


1 See footnote 1, page 356. 


360 Bursaries in Arts open October 1896. 


engage in study approved by the Senatus in subjects included. in the 
Curriculum for Degrees in Arts or in Pure Science. Bursars in Arts, 
subject to the provision as to the fourth year of tenure, shall attend in 
each year at least two classes qualifying for Graduation in Arts, and 
shall duly perform the work of these classes : Provided (1) that, for the 
purposes of this section, the classes known as Middle Classes, so long 
as the same exist, may be attended in place of classes qualifying for 
Graduation ; and (2) that it shall be in the power of the Senatus, with 
approval of the University Court, to permit such Bursars to attend 
classes qualifying for Graduation in Pure Science in place of classes 
qualifying for Graduation in Arts. 

The Bursaries are awarded on the results of the University Bursary 
Examinations unless otherwise stated, and are tenable at the University 
of Edinburgh only. The Senatus reserve the power, under Section 
VIII. of Ordinance No. 57, to award not more than two First Year 
Bursaries in Arts in respect of exceptional distinction in any one branch 
of study. 

For Bursary and other purposes, where the phrase ‘ First-year’s 
Student in Arts or Pure Science” is not by Deed of Foundation or 
otherwise defined, it shall mean ‘‘ A Student in Arts or Pure Science 
who has not attended any class qualifying for Graduation in the said 
Faculties in any Scottish University.” 

The Subjects of Examination for the first year Bursaries, Nos. 1 to 
14 inclusively in the following list, are the subjects prescribed for the 
Preliminary Examination, viz.:— English (full marks 100), Latin 
(100), Greek (100), Mathematics (100), French (50), German (50), 
Italian (50), and Dynamics (50), with additional papers in English, 
Latin, Greek, and Mathematics. Candidates may select not more 
than five subjects; provided always that no Candidate will be 
credited with marks in any subject in which he has not obtained 
twenty-five per cent. of the total marks assigned to that subject. 
Those who select Latin, Greek, or Mathematics must for the Bursary 
Competition take the papers on these subjects on the Higher Standard. 
The Examination Papers are indicated in the Time-Table of Examina- 
tions by the figure 1. 

Candidates for Bursaries [Nos. 15 to 21 inclusively, and others] 
which are not awarded by open competition must present themselves 
for the Preliminary Examination in Arts prescribed by the Regulations 
for Degrees in Arts, Section III., and no Bursary shall, except as 
hereinafter provided, be awarded to any Candidate who shall not 
have passed the Preliminary Examination in Arts (or its equivalent). 

Sut it is in the power of the Senatus, with the approval of the 
University Court, to admit to a Bursary in Arts not awarded by open 
competition a Candidate who shall have passed in at least one subject 
of the Preliminary Examination, on the condition that he shall not 
retain the Bursary unless he shall have passed in all the subjects not 
later than the Second Preliminary Examination after the date of his 


Bursaries tn Arts open October 1896. 361 


admission as Bursar. When there are more than one eligible Candi- 
date for a restricted or preferential Bursary [Nos. 15 to 21], the Subjects 
of Examination are :—English (as for Arts and Science Preliminary), 
Lower Latin, Lower Greek, and Lower Mathematics. Candidates for 
the MacKinnon Bursary will in addition get Translation of an easy 
passage from Gaelic to English, Translation of Sentences from English 
to Gaelic, and Elementary Questions in Gaelic Grammar. The papers 
are indicated in the Time-Table of Examinations by the figure 3. 

Candidates for Bursaries Nos, I to 21 inclusively may obtain schedules 
at the Matriculation Office, University (Old) Buildings, which must be 
completed and returned to the Clerk of Senatus defore 18th September. 
The Senatus may relax this Regulation in cases where very special 
cause has been shown. 

County Clubs, and others who prefer this examination, may, by 
arranging with the University Court, avail themselves of the University 
Examinations by giving written intimation of the names of their Candi- 
dates at the Matriculation Office not later than 18th September. Those 
who desire to have their Bursaries inserted in the CALENDAR, under the 
head of Bursaries open during the year, are requested to give intimation 
to the Editor before Ist January. 

Candidates for Bursaries, unless also Candidates for the Preliminary 
Examination, pay no fee. 

Town Council Bursaries—Candidates for Bursaries in the gift of the 
Town Council, many of which are vacant, are referred to the ‘* City 
Clerk, Council Chambers, Edinburgh,” to whom early application 
should be made. 

County Club and Private Bursaries—Candidates for Bursaries 
instituted by various County Clubs are referred to the respective 
Secretaries of those Clubs. Information as to Private Bursaries may 
be obtained from the Patrons or from their Agents. 

The names of the successful Candidates, and of others distinguished in 
the ordinary Bursary competition, will be published, in the order of 
merit, in the University Calendar, along with the names of the schools 
from which they come, provided that they have matriculated and enrolled 
tn the necessary classes for 1896-97. 

1. Jardine (Bidder) Bursary, of £43, 12s. a-year, tenable for four 

ears. 
y 2-4. Three Patrick Bursaries, of about £40 a-year, one tenable for 
four years, one for two years, and one for one year, for those who have 
completed their School Education at Ayrshire schools or academies. 

5. Whitelaw Bursary, about £23, 9s. 8d., tenable for three years. 

6. Two University Endowment Association Bursaries, each of the 
annual value of £20, tenable for three years. These Bursaries cannot 
be held with any other Bursary in any Scottish University. 

7. Tyndall Bruce Bursary, of the annual value of £20 a-year, 
tenable for three years. 

8,9. Two Sibbald Bursaries, of the annual value of £30, tenable 


262 Bursaries tn Arts open October 1896. 


for three years. Apply to Messrs Mackenzie, Innes & Logan, W.S., 
23 Queen Street, Edinburgh, before 15th September. 

10. Zhomson Bursary, £25 a-year, tenable for four years. Apply to 
Messrs Traquair, Dickson & Maclaren, W.S., 11 Hill Street, Edin- 
burgh, before 15th September. 

11. MW‘Kenzie (Stornoway) Bursary, of about £27 yearly, tenable 
for four years. Candidates of the name of M ‘Kenzie have a preference, 
provided they have passed the Preliminary Examination in at least two 
subjects, one of which must be Latin, Greek, or Mathematics on the 
Higher Standard. 

12. Mann Bursary, of about £26, 13s. 4d. a-year, tenable for 
three years. Candidates must be sons of residents in the town of 
Nairn, z.¢., one or other of their parents must have resided within the 
municipal boundaries for at least twelve months at some period prior 
to the competition. Should there be no qualified Candidate of the first 
year for this Bursary, a notice will be posted at the College gate soon 
after the Bursary Competition. Other Preferential Candidates must 
then lodge their claims within one week after the notice appears on 
the Board. 

13. Cowan Bursary, £30 a-year for two years, and £20 for third 
year. Confined to students of Ayr Academy. Candidates’ names must 
appear in Distinguished or Honours List, or Bursary will not be 
awarded, Apply to J. G. M‘Skimming, Accountant, Ayr, before 15th 
October. 

14. Ayrshire Club Bursary, of £30 a-year for two years. Apply to 
Andrew White, Esq., W.S., 23 Castle Street, Edinburgh, before 15th 
October. 


15. Jardine of Thorlieshope Bursary, of the annual value of 
437, 12s. 8d., and tenable for four years. Natives of the rural 
districts of Roxburghshire and Dumfriesshire to be preferred. The 
Bursars are required to attend the classes necessary for the Degree in 
Arts, and to take the Degree at the end of the course. In the event of 
there being no First Year Students, the Bursary will be thrown open to 
competition for one year only to second, third, or fourth year Students 
in succession. 

16. Mackinnon Bursary, of about £18, 15s. a-year (under deduction 
of Examiner’s fees), tenable for three years. Candidates must be 
natives of the Counties of Argyll, Bute, Inverness, Ross, or Sutherland, 
and must be examined in Gaelic. 

17. The A. Johnston Bursary, £13, 2s. 2d., tenable for four years. 
Apply to the Patron, the Earl of Haddington. 

18. 714 R. Johnstone Bursary, £15, 15s., tenable for four years. 
Apply to the Patron, Mr Johnston of Annandale. 

19. The Trotter and Penman Bursary, £12, 14s. for four years. 
Apply to the Patron, Col. Trotter of Mortonhall. 

20. Border Counties’ Association Bursary, open both to women 


Bursaries in Arts open October 1896. 363 


‘and men who have attended any school in either of the Counties of 
Roxburgh, Berwick, Selkirk, or Borough of Berwick-on-Tweed for two 
complete sessions immediately prior to the time of the competition. 
The successful candidate must attend the classes necessary for a Degree 
in Arts. Apply to Mr Τ, Usher, Sheriff Court House, Edinburgh, 
before 15th September. 

21. Marshall Bursary, of £37, 10s., tenable for four years—re- 
stricted, first, to relatives of the Founder ; secondly, to those of the 
name of Marshall ; and thirdly, to natives of West Lothian. 

22. Renton Bursary, of about £18, 8s. 6d. for one year. Candidates 
must be attending one or more of the classes of Natural Philosophy, 
Mathematics, Chemistry, or Political Economy, and must show that 
they require pecuniary aid. It cannot be held by any one under the age 
of sixteen or above twenty-one, or with another Bursary of the annual 
value of £30 or upwards. The examination is in English and 
Elementary Mathematics, and will take place on Saturday, 3151 
October, at 10 o’clock. Names of Candidates to be entered at the 
Matriculation Office on or before 23rd October. 

23. Donald Fraser Bursary, of £50, for high merit in the Class 
of Natural Philosophy, combined with proficiency in Laboratory Work, 
is awarded annually at the end of the Winter Session. 

24-28. Five George Heriot Bursaries for Boys will be awarded to 
Students matriculating at the University for the first time, after having 
passed the Preliminary Examination for a Curriculum in Arts or 
Science. Each Bursary is of the annual value of £30 a-year, and may 
be tenable for three years. Subjects of examination :—(1) Latin ; 
(2) Mathematics ; (3) English; (4) Greek ; (5) French; (6) German ; 
(7) Italian; and (8) Dynamics. Candidates may select not more than 
five subjects of examination. The examination papers are indicated 
by the figure 1 in the Time-Table of Examinations, pages 132 and 
133. Applications for Schedules for these Bursaries may be made to 
the Governors of George Heriot’s Trust, at the Office of the Treasurer, 
20 York Place, Edinburgh, on and after 15th August, and must be re- 
turned to him not later than 15th September. Candidates are required 
to state in their schedules of application the subjects in which they offer 
themselves for examination. 

29-31. Three Heriot High School Bursaries, of £30 a year, may be 
tenable for three years. Regulations as in last paragraph. 

32-39. Eieht George Heriot Bursaries for Women will be awarded to 
Students matriculating at the University for the first time, after having 
passed the Preliminary Examination for a Curriculum in Arts or 
Science. Each Bursary is of the value of £30 a-year, and may be 
tenable for three years. The subjects and conditions of the examina- 
tions are the same as for the Bursaries for boys. Application to be 
made in the manner referred to in the previous paragraph. The 
examination papers are indicated by the figure 1 in the Time-Table. 

40-41. Two George Heriot Bursarzes for Women studying Medicine, 


364 Bursartes in Arts open October 1896. 


for attendance at any School of Medicine for Women in Edinburgh 
recognised by the University Court. Each Bursary is of the value of 
430 a-year, and may be tenable for three years. Candidates must pass 
the Preliminary Examination of the University either in Arts or Science. 
They may take as many subjects in addition to those qualifying for the 
Preliminary Examination as they please ; but should they fail to secure 
25 per cent. of the marks allotted to a subject the paper will be can- 
celled. Application to be made in the manner referred to in the 
previous paragraph. 

42-46. Five George Heriot Bursaries, of £30 each, and tenable for 
one year, at St George’s Training College, Edinburgh.. Candidates must 
pass the Preliminary Examination of the University either in Arts or 
Science. They may take as many subjects in addition to those qualifying 
for the Preliminary Examination as they please ; but should they fail to 
secure 25 per cent. of the marks allotted to a subject the paper will be 
cancelled. Application for Schedules for these Bursaries may be made 
to the Governors of George Heriot’s Trust at the Office of the Trea- 
surer, 20 York Place, Edinburgh, on and after 15th August, and must 
be returned to him not later than 15th September. 

47, 48. Two Simson Bursaries of the annual value of £25, tenable 
for three years, for Students who, having passed the Preliminary 
Examination, are entering on the first year of the course in Arts 
and are studying for the Ministry of the Church of Scotland. See 
definition of a First-year’s Student, at page 360. The Examination will 
be held at the end of October or beginning of November. Apply to 
the Rev. Dr Langwill, Currie, or to the Rev. Dr Patrick, Greenside, 
Edinburgh. 

49. A Macdougall Bursary, of £50 per annum, tenable for three 
years. Students attending the Gaelic Class preferred. It cannot be 
held with any Bursary or appointment yielding £50 per annum. Apply 
to W. C. Young, Esq., Solicitor, Perth. 

50, 51, 52. Bursaries offered by The Edinburgh Association for the 
University Education of Women. 

(1) The Victoria Jubilee Bursary, founded by His Excellency Dr 
Gunning, £40 for one year. (Circumstances to be taken into con- 
sideration. ) 

(2) The Earl of Zetlana’s Bursary, about £20 for one year. 

(3) The Houldsworth Bursary, of about £30 for two years. (Open 
to Candidates intending to become Teachers.) 

These Bursaries are offered to women Candidates. The Subjects of 
Examination are the same as for the University First-year open Bursaries, 
see page 360. They cannot be held along with any other Bursary or 
Scholarship whatsoever, and will be awarded to such Candidates as in 
the opinion of the Executive Committee best fulfil the conditions of 
the several trusts. 

Apply to the Hon. Secretary of the Association, Miss Louisa 
Stevenson, 13 Randolph Crescent, Edinburgh. 


Bursaries in Arts open October 1896. 365 


53, 545 55, 50. Zhe Buchanan Soctety give Four Bursaries annually 
in Arts and Science, open to suitable young men of the names of 
Buchanan, M‘Millan, M‘Auslan, M‘Wattie, and Risk. The Examina- 
tion Papers are of equal value for full marks in both Arts and Science 
subjects, and the four competitors who have the highest marks get the 
Bursaries, provided a satisfactory standard of proficiency is attained. 
They may therefore be given all in Arts or all in Science. The Arts 
Bursaries are of the value of £30 annually, tenable for four years, 
under certain conditions. The Science Bursaries are of the value of £35 
annually, tenable for three years, but may be extended to four years, 
under conditions similar to the Arts ones. For rules and further 
particulars apply to Geo. Y. Strang Watkins, 186 West George Street, 
Glasgow, Secretary; or to Geo. 5. Buchanan, 85 Candleriggs, 
Glasgow, 7reasurer. 


FOR STUDENTS ENTERING THE SECOND SESSION IN ARTs.} 
See Time-Table of Examinations. 


1. Tyndall Bruce Bursary, £35 a-year, for three years. 

2. Stuart Bursary, annual value £18, tenable for three years, 

The subjects of examination are Latin, Greek, and Mathematics. 

The following subjects are prescribed for the examinations in Latin 
and Greek :—Zatim—Virgil, Aen., vil. and viii.; Horace, Zfzstles, ii. ; 
Tacitus, Aznals, i., ii.; Latin prose composition. Greek—Homer, 
Lliad, xvili., xix.; Sophocles, G@dzpus Coloneus; Demosthenes, 
Olynthiacs, i., ii., iii. Latin and Greek prose composition, and trans- 
lation from books not prescribed. 

3. Patterson Bursary in Anglo-Saxon Grammar and Literature, of 
£16, 2s. 4d. a year, tenable for two years, and open to all students in 
their second, third, or fourth year of Matriculation who present to the 
Faculty a certificate of attendance in the Class of English Literature in 
the University. The holder must produce certificate of attendance on 
the Class of German and the Teutonic Languages in the first session 
after his appointment. The Examination will be on— 

(1.) Lzterature.—The Class Lectures ; Ten Brink’s Zarly English 
Literature, Vol. I., Bk. i., transl. by Kennedy; Stopford 
Brooke’s History of Early English Literature (i. and ii.). 

(2.) Language.—Old English Grammar, as treated in Sievers’s 
Old English Grammar, ed, Cook ; the ‘‘ Grammatical Intro- 
duction” to Sweet’s Old English Reader (Clar. Press) ; 
MacLean’s Old English Reader ; Morris and Kellner’s A7zs- 
torical Outlines of English Accidence; and Kellner’s H2storécal 
Outlines of English Syntax. 

(3.) Prescribed Readings.—The Chronicle, A.D. 890-1001, in the 


1 See footnotes 1, pages 356 and 357. 


366 Bursaries in Arts open October 1896. 


Parker Text (ed. Plummer); selections from Ai®lfred’s 
**Orosius,” Aélfred’s ‘‘ Beda,” and Aélfric’s “ Life of King 
Oswald,” printed in Sweet’s Old English Reader; The 
Wanderer (Grein, ed. Wiilcker, I., p. 284; Sweet’s Reader, 
p- 177); The Beowulf, 1. 1251-1. 1887, Sizon pa to slepe., 
ὶ se pe oft manezsum_ scod (Grein, ed. Wiilcker 1., 
pp. 159-219). 

(4.) An unseen passage for translation into modern English. 
Names of Candidates to be announced at the Matriculation Office, 

University, Edinburgh, not later than the 18th September 1896. 


4 and 5. 7wo Spence Bursaries, each of the annual value of £30: 
for first year and £40 for second year of tenure, open to Students who: 
have studied in the University of Edinburgh, at the beginning of. 


their second session in a three years’ curriculum, and of their third! 
session in a curriculum of four years. The Examination is in Latin,. 
Greek and Mathematics, and will be held at St Andrews in the end! 
of September or beginning of October. Apply to Mr Henry A. Pattullo, 
Solicitor, 1 Bank Street, Dundee, Factor to the Trust. 


FOR STUDENTS ENTERING THE THIRD SESSION IN ARTS.1 
See Time-Table of Examinations. 


1. Horsliehill Scott Bursary, of £33, 6s. 4d. a-year, for two years 
(under deduction of Examiners’ fees). 

2. Harrison Bursary, £33, 55.,) for two years (under deduction of 
Examiners’ fees). 

The subjects of examination for 7/zrd Session Bursaries are Classics, 
Mathematics, and Logic with Psychology. 

The following subjects are prescribed for the examinationin Classics:— 
Latin—Virgil, Aen., vii. and viii. ; Tacitus, ii., iii, Greek—Sophocles, 
@dipus Coloneus ; Demosthenes, Olynthiacs, i., ii., iii, Latin and 
Greek prose composition, and translation from books not prescribed. 

No special books prescribed for Mathematics, or for Logic with 
Psychology. Candidates should revise the lectures and text-books in 
these classes. 

3. Patterson Bursary. See page 365. 

Names of Candidates to be announced at the Matriculation Office, 
University, Edinburgh, not later than the 18th September 1896. 


‘*Bursars in the Faculty of Arts must annually attend at least two 
of the Classes necessary for the Degree of Master of Arts, and must 
present themselves at the Examinations necessary for that Degree. 

‘* Each Bursar must present a Certificate, signed by the Dean, attest- 


1 See footnotes 1, pages 356 and 357. 


ae 


Bursaries in Arts open October 1896. 367 


ing his regular attendance on the proper Classes in the Faculty of Arts, 
on each occasion on which he applies to the Factor for a payment.” 

Certificates, in terms of this regulation, will be given to Bursars, 
by the Dean of the Faculty of Arts, after 13th November ; also at the 
end of the Session. In applying to the Dean for the Certificate in 
November, Bursars must present their Class Cards for the Session ; 
and at the end of the Session they must present certificates from the 
Professors that they have attended with regularity and made progress 
in their studies. Payments are made by the University Factor, Mr 
Henry Cook, W.S., 61 North Castle Street, Edinburgh, on and after 
14th November for the Martinmas payments, and on and after 18th 
May for the Whitsunday payments,—between Io and 3 o’clock. 


N.B.—Bursars, Scholars, and Fellows who desire to resign should 
at once announce this to the Factor. They must apply to the Factor 
for the instalments due to them within three months after they have 
become payable, otherwise they will be regarded as having resigned. 


G. CHRYSTAL, 1.1..10.. 
Dean of the Faculty of Arts, and 
Professor of Mathematics. 


368 


Haculip of Scvewee 
Dean—PROFESSOR GEIKIE, D.C.L., LL.D. 


Students who do not intend to graduate may attend any of the Classes 
on payment of the Matriculation and the Class Fees, without having 
passed any Preliminary Examination. Attendance on any Class with 
a view to Graduation in Pure Science will not qualify unless the whole 
Preliminary Examination has been previously passed. Those who 
intend to graduate in Engineering or in Agriculture must pass the Pre- 
liminary Examination before they present themselves for any part of the 
first Science Examination, but not necessarily before entering on the 
Curriculum. The Classes in the Faculty, except a few in which 
arrangements have not yet been made, are now open to women. 


Programme of Classes, 
WINTER SESSION, 1896-97. 


The Classes meet daily (Saturdays excepted), unless otherwise stated :— 


Cl Days of Opening and Professors and Class 
asses. Hours of Attendance. Lecturers. Fees.1 
Junior Mathematics...| 13 Oct., 12 o’cl. Ὶ rs 


9 2 
Senior Mathematics...| 13 Oct., 9 ,, || Bene 
Mathematics (Inter- ) | 
ae tate SCO 14 ον ile. | Pro aaa 3 3) 
Do. (Advanced \ | 5 
Honours)......... J 14 Oct., τὸ, J 3 3 
Zoology (Elementary) 13 Oct., 12 ,, 4 4 
Practical Zoology \) _, 
(Elementary). J 13 Oct., II 5, 2 
| Advanced Sea 
cal-Laboratory... J} °"’ 


Prof. ΕΑ 


Morphology of Ver- 
tebrates (with 14. Oct.s 2s; a Be 
Laboratory work) 7. Beard seb 3Scm. 
Comparative Em-) | 3 
bryology.......... | ee » | [3 ᾿ 
| Botany (Advanced) ...| 13 Oct., 11 ,, 4 Bes 
| Prac. Bot. (Advanced)| 1GiOct elites. | Prof. B. Balfour 2 2% 


1 Fees for second and subsequent attendances, see page 372. 

2 Besides charge of 10s. for Laboratory Expenses. 

3 Five Shillings University Entrance Fee for non-matriculated Students. 
4 Besides Garden Fee of Five Shillings. 


Programme of Science Classes. 


Classes. 


Days of Opening and 
Hours of Attendance. 


Professors and 
Lecturers. 


Plant Physiology 


Natural Philosophy... 
Do. (Advanced \ 
Honours). J 
Physical Laboratory . 
Natural Philosophy 
(Intermediate 
Honours Course) 
(Mon., Wed., Fri.) 
Dynamics(Advanced 
Science Course) 
(Mon., Wed., Fri.) 
(Chennisthyseceeacs-s- 
Practical Chemistry... 
Chemistry (Ad- 
vanced Course)... 
Astronomy (J/Zoz., 
Tues. Wed. Thurs.) 
ΤΙΝΑ ΟΤΠΝ τ πτος το τητος 
Practical Anatomy.... 
Anatomical eon 


--.- -- 


—~ 


strations (Regional 
Anatomy) 
Bhysiology....-cscasss<0- 
Practical Physiology.. | 
Do. do. (Advanced)) 
Geology & Mineralogy 
Prac. Class (A7Zovz., \ | 
Wed., & Fri.) ...f 
NGINECHING’.......000+6 
Sanitary Engineer- | | 
ing and Building ὁ 
Construction 
Engineering (short 
additional Course: 
Applied Me- 
GMAMICS) sees τοις 


ety Oct...2 


II Jan., lo o'cl. 
17 Oct., τὰ 
21 (δον 
τ) Oct., 


33 


12 
10 


14, Oct. 9 


τοί, 10: 45 


13 1 δε. ΤΟΥ .; 
recs, {1} 2.» 
5 Jan., 4 Ἢ 
(Tu. Wed.& Th.) 
τὸ δας ΤΊ 


riOct5- 1 
1 Octz, 


99 


3.9 


αατν. 


na'@ct:. 4 o'cl: 
13 Oct., 10 
τ οι τ 
14. Θοῖ:, 11 
3 εἴτ ν Ἢ 


3 Nov., 9 


10 Nov., 10 


τὴ τοῦτον Ὁ 


9.9 


| 
3 
| 


| 


W. G. Smith, 
ΒΉΘΟ ledge bac 


Profs Watticaseces 


Cargill G. Knott, 
DIS Chaussee 


Prof. Crum Brown 


Prof. Copeland.. 
Prof. SirWilliam 
Turner 
David Hepburn, 
MRD τ ες: 


} Prof. Rutherford 
E.W.Carlier, M.D. 


| rt (εἰπε δ, 
Prof. Armstrong) 


Wie El Kern;| 
ΜᾺ, B:Se.- 


Class 
Fees.1 
Las 
\a 27 
(3 3 
Onno 
Is 2 
( 

| 3 3 
4 

la 3 
i 

4 4 
\3 3 
rE 2 
30 
{4 4 
AB 3 
\2 23 
f4 4 
3203 
4 4 
(4 75 
aie 
i 4 
2 2 
" ΤῸ 


1 Fees for second and subsequent attendances, see page 372. 
2 Besides Garden Fee of Five Shillings. 
3 When taken along with Practical Anatomy, 41, 1s. 
4 First part of this Course up to Christmas qualifies as a Half-Course for Gradua- 


tion in Arts. Fee, £2, 


ὅ No Fee for Seidents of class of Systematic Engineering. 


PALIN 


3790 


Classes. 


Geometrical & Me- 
chanical Drawing 
Drawing in its re- 
lation to Public 
Agriculture and 
Rural Economy.. 
Economics as applied 
to Agriculture (Zhe 


Political Economy 
Class in Arts till 
ὍΣ δ)... 


Agricultural Chem- 


Agricultural Ento- 
mology (Twenty 
Lectures) 


Programme of Science Classes. 


Hours of Attendance. 


2Novy. 10to2 o’cl | 


| 
J 


33 


15 ΟΕ; Ὁ 


13 Oct. 5 


99 


3) 


135. ΘΟ" 2 
15 Oct. 10 


3. 


Rajan 2 


3) 
Ϊ 


|Days of Opening and, 


Professors and Class 
Lecturers. Fees.1 
| ~~ “Sears 

ΌΧΙ 
ἣν. ἫΝ ἈΠ 

Me AG ΕΣ ΘΟ ee 
Prof. Wallace 4 4 
Prof. Nicholson 2a 
A. P. Aitk 

Ἔα ..: - 
Col. Bailey, ΠΡ π᾿" 


|W. Fream, LL.D., 


B.Sc. (Lond.) 


SUMMER SESSION, 1897. 
The Classes meet daily (Saturdays excepted), unless otherwise stated. 


Classes. 


Senior Mathematics 
(First Graduation 
Half-Course) ......... 

Senior Mathematics 
(Second Graduation 
Half-Course) ......... 

Honours Mathematics 
(Half - Graduation’ 
(COUTSE) ΟΣ 

Physics (mainly for \ 
Students of Medicine) 


|Physical Laboratory .. | 


‘Elementary Dynamics | 


Days of Opening and 
Hours of Attendance. | 


| 


4 May, I1o’cl. 


4 May, 12 , 


. 


39 


i May, 10 


4 May, 12 


39 


if 
4 May, Io ,, 
4 May, 9 


| 
9 


Professors and 
Lecturers. 


Chas. Tweedie, 
M.A., B.Sc. 


| 


Prof; Qaiteece 


Prof. Tait and 
Assistant 


C.G. Knott, D.Sc. 


1 Fees for second and subsequent attendances, see page 3 
2 Five Shillings University Entrance Fee for Non- Matcealated Students, unless 
taken with a view to Graduation in Agriculture. 
3 Free to all present and past Students of the Agriculture Class. 


}e 


Class 


Fees.1 


ΓΖ -. 


2 2 


2 


Programme of Science Classes. 


Classes. 


Advanced Experimen- 


Astronomy (Advanced) 
(HAR CPT TAP) ose 
Practical Anatomy...... 
Anthropology? (Z7es., 
VCH ONET 2.) 4.4. 
Anatomical Demonstra- 
tions (Regional Ana- 
Ovi’) ...:-- δ᾽ τῆς πολι νίςις 
Practical Physiology... 
Do. (Advanced Class) 
Geology (727071., Wed., 
ΠΣ ca χουν 5csje 
Field Demonstrations 
on Saturdays. 


RetrolOsyesssusocsssn.3- 


Zoology (Elementary). 
Do. (Elementary 
practical) ese scence: 
Invertebrate Zoology .. 
Do. (with Lab. Work) 
Advanced Zoology...... 
(Embracing a Course on 
Comparative Morphol- 
ogy of the Invertebrata 
and an Advanced 
Laboratory Course) 


Natural History La- 
ΒΟΥ ΟΥΥ. τοις ς«.ονοννοος 


Days of Opening and 
Hours of Attendance. 


‘Ne, May, Io o’cl. 


(ill IPN SCS ΤΣ τ το ττος τος J) 
Chemistry (Organic).| 4 May, I ,, 
Wom(Practical).-5.....|' 4 May, -2 ,, 
Chemical Theory (Mon. 

SP EI) Προς Naya: τ; 
Mineralogy and Crys- 

tallography ............ ERED 


4 May, 


a 


4 May, dazly. 
\a May, 


2. Ὁ]. 


li May, τι dazly. 
4 May,10o0’cl. } 


Ln Winter only. 
5 May, 4 o’cl. 


5 May, I0-12,, 


4 May, I2 ,, 
\4 May, 

4 May,’ ,, 
4 May,? 
\4 May, 2 5, 


371 
Professors and Class | 
Lecturers. Fees.1 | 
W. Peddie, D.Sc.|42 2 | 
Prof... πῆ [02.0.2 | 
BLOW eyes ἔν: 
ΓΙ Θοπδ ΠΟ Ρίη, ἢ rege 
PhDs (eccwote J 
Hugh Marshall, 
{ DISC ee ichneceor Fone | 
Prof. Copeland....) 2 2 | 
Prot) on Ws ) 2, 2 
} Turner and) ¢ , 2 
ΠΑΟΙΠΟΠΒΙΣΘΙΟΙΣ [: 
David Hepburn, 
ΝΟΣ ene ncaa 
| 
Prof. Rutherford.. | i. 3 
Weeds Ὁ 
Prof, Geikiey. sa) 5: 
| J. S. Flett,M.A.,| 
BsSes; Μ. B., 2a 
ΘΜ, 
Hees Beard, ‘D.Sc. 4 4 | 
) (or tod 
yh τῷ) 
| Ι 3.113} 
+ Prof, Ewart..... 4 
| | 3 a4 
| | 


1 Fee for second or subsequent attendances, see page 372. 
2 When taken with Practical Anatomy, £1, 
9 This Course qualifies as a Half-Course for ‘Cradnaden's in Arts, 
4 Besides charge of ros. for Laboratory Expenses. 


> At hours to be arranged. 


272 Programme of Science Classes—Fees. 


| fa Days of Opening and] Professors and Class 
Classes. Hoare of pee ar Ea Tec tuneeee | Fees.1 

: Aone 
iotany ἘΠῚ 4 May, 8 ,, 4. 45 
Practical Botany........ 4 May, 9 ,, Prof. Bayley| }2 2? 
Field Demonstrations Βεαιίίουχο ιν . 

on Saturdays ge ΡῈ 

ς W. G. Smith \ 

Plant Physiology ....... Ma Ξ 22 2 
“ae τη ἐν ἢ ν᾿ 2. ΒΞ ἘΠῚ 19 
ngineering ield- : 

Work (Surveying, ee 9-3° |Prof. Armstrong... 3. 3 

Levelling, &c.)%...... pang 


FEES FOR SECOND OR SUBSEQUENT ATTENDANCES. 


1. Lecture Courses, which qualify alike for Graduation in Science 
and Medicine: Second attendances on £4, 4s. Courses, £3, 35.3 on 
£3, 35. Courses, £2, 2s. ; subsequent attendances free : second attend- 
ances on £2, 2s. Courses, no reduction ; third or subsequent attend- 
ances, £1, Is. Perpetual Tickets for initial payment, 46, 6s. No 
reduction for re-attendances on Practical Classes or Laboratories. 

2. Lecture Courses which qualify both for Arts and Science: Second 
attendances on £4, 4s. Courses, £3, 35. ; third or subsequent attend- 
ances, £1, Is. ; second attendances on £3, 3s. Courses, £2, 2s. ; third 
or subsequent attendances, £1, Is. ; second attendances on ἜΖ:. 25: 
Lecture Courses (not being Honours Half-Courses for M.A.), 
41, 115. 6d.; third or subsequent attendances, £1, 1s.; Lecture 
Courses, when fee for first attendance is less than £2, 2s., no reduction. 
Full Courses (being also Honours Courses for M.A.), second attend- 
ances, no reduction ; third or subsequent attendances, £2, 2s. ; second 
attendances on £2, 2s. Courses (being also Half Honours Courses for 
M.A.), no reduction ; third or subsequent attendances, £1, Is. 

3. Lecture Courses not included in the curricula in Arts or Medicine : 
Second attendances on £3, 3s. Courses, no reduction; third or sub- 
sequent attendances, £2, 2s. ; on £2, 2s. Courses, second attendances, 
no reduction ; third or subsequent attendances, £1, 1s. On Agricul- 
ture and Rural Economy, second attendance, £3, 3s. Perpetual 
Ticket by initial payment, £6, 6s. 

4. Courses in Engineering and Drawing. No reduction for second 
or subsequent attendances. 

5. Practical Classes and Laboratory Courses. No reduction for re- 
attendances. 

MATRICULATION FEES. See page 27. 

1 Fee for second or subsequent attendances, see below. 


2 Besides Garden Fee of 55. 
3 Given in alternate Summers. 


Laboratories, 373 


CLASS SESSIONS. 


There are Two Sessions in each year, viz. :— 

I. The Winter Session, which opens on 13th of October 1896, and 
closes on 26th March 1897. Practical Anatomy, and Public Health 
Laboratory work begin on the 5th of October 1896 and 4th May 1807. 

The Classes meet for the last time before the Christmas Vacation 
on Friday, 18th December 1896, and re-assemble on Tuesday, 5th 
January 1897. 

II. The Summer Session, which opens on the 4th May, and closes 
on the 16th of July 1897. : 

The Graduation Ceremonials take place on toth April and 2nd 
August 1897, 


The following means are afforded for Practical Instruction:— 


I. LABORATORIES. 


PHYSICAL LABORATORY, affording Students a practical knowledge 
of the construction and use of physical apparatus, and the mode of con- 
ducting experimental inquiries, daily from 10 to 3, under Professor Tait. 

GEOLOGICAL AND PETROLOGICAL LABORATORY, for practical in- 
struction in the study of Minerals, Rocks, and Fossils, and the methods 
of plotting and drawing geological maps and sections, on Monday, 
Wednesday, and Friday from 2 to 4, under Professor Geikie. 

ENGINEERING DRAWING CLAss Room, daily during the Winter 
Session, from Io to 2, for instruction in drawing and drawing-office 
routine, 

THE ENGINEERING (FULTON) LABORATORY, open on fixed days 
during the Winter Session, for practical instruction in the processes 
employed by the Engineer in the Experimental Determination of the 
Physical and Economical Constants of Materials, Machines, and Prime 
Movers, and in the Practical Applications of Electricity. 

PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION IN OFFICE AND FIELD-wWorkK, daily (in 
alternate years), in connection with the Summer Course on Surveying, 
Levelling, &c., from 11 to 4. 

AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT in the Museum of Science and Art, 
open daily to Students attending the Agriculture Class, Excursions 
to farms are made on Saturdays. The leading agricultural newspapers 
are left for the use of Students in the Agriculture Lecture Room. 

RoyAL OBSERVATORY, open to Students of Astronomy on Friday 
evening, from ὃ P.M. 

RoyAL BOTANICAL GARDEN LABORATORY at the ROYAL BOTANIC 
GARDEN, open daily for the practical study of plants and for research, 
under the Professor, assisted by James Adam Terras, B.Sc., and J. H. 
Burrage, B.A. 

PHYSIOLOGICAL LABORATORY, for Physiological Research, and the 


1 Fees—Winter Session, £10, 10s. ; Summer Session, £6, 6s. 


374 Courses in Pure Science. 


study of Practical Physiology, open daily, under the Professor, assisted 
by E. W. Carlier, M.D., C.M., B.Sc., and R. Hutchison, M.D., C.M. 

CHEMICAL LABORATORIES (distinct from the Practical Chemistry 
Room), for forty Students, fitted with all necessary apparatus for 
chemical analysis and research, open daily, under the Professor, assisted 
by Leonard Dobbin, Ph.D. ; Hugh Marshall, D.Sc.? 

DISSECTING ROOMS, open daily under Professor Sir William Turner, 
assisted by David Hepburn, M.D. ; James Musgrove, M.D. ; J. B. 
Yeoman, M.B., C.M. ; and other assistants. Opens Ist October 1896 
and 4th May 1897. 

NATURAL History LABORATORIES, for research and for study of 
the structure and development of Invertebrate and Vertebrate forms, 
open daily, under the Professor, assisted by J. Beard, D.Sc.? 

PusLtic HeatrH LaporaTory, for Hygienic investigation, com- 
prising a Chemical, a Bacteriological, and a Meteorological Depart- 
ment, open daily, under the Professor, assisted by Charles Hunter 
Stewart, M.B., C.M., D.Sc., and James Buchanan Young, M.B., 
C.M., D.Sc. Opens Ist October 1896 and 4th May 1897." 


1. MUSEUMS. See page 51. 


Courses of Pectures. 
1896-1897. 


I.—PURE SCIENCE, 


1. MATHEMATICS. 
PROFESSOR CHRYSTAL. 
CHARLES TWEEDIE, M.A., B.Sc., Lecturer. 
For Synopses of Lectures, see under Faculty of Arts. 


II. ZOOLOGY, including COMPARATIVE ANATOMY. 
PROFESSOR EWART. 


For Synopses of Lectures on Zoology and of Courses on 
Practical Zoology, see under Faculty of Medicine. 


COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY. 


J. BEARD, D.Sc., Lecturer. 
The Course consists of Lectures and Practical Work. 
Lectures.—VThe following subjects will be dealt with : —Con- 


1 Fees for Chemical Laboratory.—Whole-day—Winter, Session, £10, 10s., Oct.- 
Dec., Jan.-March; or Summer Session, £5, 5s. _ al/-day—Winter Session, £6, 6s., 
Oct.-Dec., Jan.-March; or Summer Session, 43, 35. _ Preference will be given to 
Students in the above order. Students who are not Matriculated may attend the 
Chemical Laboratory on payment of the entrance fee of 5s. in addition to the 
Laboratory fees. 

2 Fees—Winter Session, £10, 10s.; Summer Session, £6, 6s. 


Courses in Pure Sctence. 375 


jugation and sexual reproduction, the maturation, &c., of the egg 
and spermatozoan, the modes of formation of the germinal layers 
in aseries of selected types, the development of Scyllium or Raja, 
Amphioxus and Rana as a basis for general Vertebrate Embry- 
ology, the organogeny of the chief systems of organs in the 
Vertebrata, the evolution and comparative development of the 
placenta. A few lectures will be given on the general principles 
and theory of Comparative Embryology, the recapitulation 
theory, and the nature of larval forms. 

Practical Work.—Each member of the Class will have an 
opportunity of preparing for himself and studying a series of 
preparations to illustrate the development of Salmo, Rana, 
Gallus, and other forms. In addition, an extensive series of 
preparations of Raja, Scyllium, Torpedo, and Lacerta, &c., 
and of certain Invertebrate forms will be available. 

In the Laboratory Work members of the Class may confine 
their studies to one particular type, or to some selected branch, 
such as Mammalian Embryology. 

Books for reference.—Marshall’s “‘ Vertebrate Embryology” ; 
Hertwig’s “Embryology of Man and the Higher Vertebrates ” ; 
Korschelt und Heider’s “ Vergleichende Embryologie der 
Wirbellosenthieren” ; Willey’s ‘‘Amphioxus”; and for recent 
advances, “Ergebnisse der Anatomie u. Entwickelungs 


Geschichte.” 
MORPHOLOGY OF THE VERTEBRATA. 


A Course of twenty-five Lectures on the Morphology of the 
Vertebrata ; the nervous system and its sense organs and the 
genito-urinary system receiving particular attention. 

As far as time permits the question as to the morphological 
nature of the vertebrate head and skeleton will be discussed. 

11. BOTANY. 
PROFESSOR BAYLEY BALFOUR. 
For Synopsis of Lectures, see under Faculty of Medicine. 
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (ADVANCED) 
W. G. SMITH, B.Sc., PH.D., Lecturer. 

This Course will be given at the Royal Botanic Garden both 

in the Winter and the Summer Sessions. It will consist of 


376 Courses in Pure Sctence. 


Lectures and Practical Demonstrations, supplementary to the 
Lectures of the Professor. The Processes in Plant Nutrition, 
Assimilation, and Respiration, the Irritability and Movements 
of Plant Organs, and the Physiology of the Reproductive Process 
in Plants will be treated, in a series of Demonstrations, in which 
the Students will be expected to take part. 


IV. NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 
PROFESSOR TAIT. 
C. 6. KNOTT, D.Sc., Lecturer on Applied Mathematics. 
ELEMENTARY DYNAMICS, 
Summer Half-Course, see under Faculty of Arts. 


ADVANCED EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS. 
WILLIAM PEDDIE, D.Sc., Lecturer. 


For Synopses, see Natural Philosophy, &c., under Faculty of 


Arts. 
V. CHEMISTRY. 


PROFESSOR CRUM BROWN. 
For Synopses of Courses, see under Faculty of Medicine. 
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. 
This Class meets daily during the Summer Session at I P.M. 


ADVANCED CHEMISTRY. 


Course of twenty-five Lectures to begin after Christmas. 
Subject for 1896-97, ‘‘Relation of Physical Properties to 
Chemical Composition and Constitution.” 


CHEMICAL THEORY. 
LEONARD DOBBIN, PH.D., Lecturer. 

The subjects will vary from year to year. They will include 
historical matters, and discussions of the more important 
chemical theories which are at present productive or which have 
been superseded. The Class will meet on Mondays and Fridays 
at 10 A.M., during the Summer Session. The Subject proposed 
for 1897 is, “ History of the Progress of Organic Chemistry.” 
—Fee, £1, Is. 


Courses tn Pure Science. 277 


MINERALOGY AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (ADVANCED). 
HUGH MARSHALL, D.Sc., Lecturer. 

Daily, at 9 A.M., beginning Tuesday, 5th May. Fee, ἜΝ 25. 

The earlier part of the Course will be on Physical Crystal- 
lography generally, including the optical and other properties of 
crystalline substances and the geometrical properties of crystals. 
The latter section will deal specially with minerals, with those 
parts of Systematic Mineralogy not included in the earlier section, 
and with the Descriptive Mineralogy of minerals of most import- 
ance from a Geological or a Chemical point of view. Some of 
the meetings will be devoted to Elementary Practical Work and 
Demonstrations. 

VI. ASTRONOMY. 


PROFESSOR COPELAND. 
For Synopsis, see under Faculty of Arts. 
An Advanced Practical Course, consisting of 30 meetings of 
two hours each, may be held in Summer. 


PRACTICAL ASTRONOMY (ADVANCED SUMMER CLASS). 
This Class will only be held if a sufficient number of Students 
present themselves. It will meet at the Royal Observatory, 
Blackford Hill, on Tuesdays and Fridays in the Summer 
Session. Evening hours will also be arranged to suit the 
progress of the work. 


VII. HUMAN ANATOMY, including ANTHROPOLOGY. 


PROFESSOR SIR WILLIAM TURNER. 


For full Synopsis of Lectures on Anatomy and for Course of 
Practical Anatomy, see under Faculty of Medicine. 


ANTHROPOLOGY. 


If a sufficient number of Students express their intention of 
selecting Human Anatomy, including Anthropology, as a subject 
for the Degree of B.Sc., the Professor of Anatomy will deliver, 
during the Summer Session, a course of twenty-five Lectures 
on Physical Anthropology. Fee, £2, 25. ; or for Students who 
take the Summer Course of Practical Anatomy, £1, Is. 


378 Courses tn Pure Science. 


VIII. PHYSIOLOGY. 
PROFESSOR RUTHERFORD. 


For Synopsis of Lectures, see under Faculty of Medicine. 


ADVANCED PRACTICAL PHYSIOLOGY. 
E. W. CARLIER, M.D., B.Sc., Lecturer. 

This course is devoted to Experimental and Chemical Physi- 
ology and Histology of a more advanced nature than that of 
the ordinary course of Practical Physiology. 

1. The Experimental part embraces the Experimental Physi- 
ology of muscle and nerve ; the heart and circulation ; respir- 
ation ; central nervous system ; organs of sense and voice. 

2. The Chemical part embraces the physiological chemistry 
of the blood, including the spectroscopic study of haemoglobin 
and its derivatives; bile; digestive fluids and their actions ; 
milk ; muscle. 

3. The Histological part embraces the advanced study of the 
structure of various tissues and organs as revealed by recent 
methods of research of a refined character. 

This course is adapted for those preparing for examinations in 
Natural Science and Honours Examinations in Physiology, and 
for those who may afterwards desire to prosecute Physiological 
Research. 

The Class meets for two hours twice a week in the Winter 
Session, beginning in October and extending to March. 


IX. GEOLOGY, including MINERALOGY. 
PROFESSOR GEIKIE. 
Winter Course. 

I. CLASS OF GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY.—Daily, at 4 
o'clock. The Course embraces :— 

1. The History of Geology—An outline of the growth of the 
science from the time of the early cosmogonies downwards. 

2. Dynamical Geology—A discussion of the nature and causes 
of geological changes effected on the surface and within the 
interior of the earth. 

3. Mineralogy—An account of the physical and chemical 


Courses in Pure Science. 379 


characters of minerals, and a description of some of the more 
important and typical species in the various mineral groups. 

4. Petrology—A description of the various families of rocks. 

5. Structural Geology—A description of the geological struc- 
ture and relations of rock-masses to each other. 

6. Paleontological Geology—An account of the nature and 
use of fossils in geological inquiry. 

7. Paleontology—A description of the more important types 
of life represented by fossils. 

8. Historical Geology—The history of the successive geological 
periods. 

9. Physiographical Geology—An inquiry into the origin of the 
present outlines of the earth’s surface. 

Text-Books— Outlines of Geology,” by the Professor (.S¢az- 
ford); Hatch’s “Mineralogy” (Whzttaker); Hatch’s “Petrology” 
(Sonnenschein). More detailed works of reference, most of 
which are in the College Reading-Room, are recommended for 


each branch of the lectures. 

II. CLASS OF PRACTICAL MINERALOGY AND GEOLOGY.— 
Two hours (2 to 4), on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, 
under superintendence of the Professor. This Course, up to 
Christmas, is a half-Course qualifying for Graduation in Arts. 

III. FIELD DEMONSTRATIONS.—Short excursions are made 
on Saturdays to places of geological interest near Edinburgh, 
when the Class Lectures are illustrated by demonstrations in 
the field, and practical instruction is given in Geological Sur- 
veying. At the close of the Session (usually in the last week 
of April) an excursion, of about a week, may be made for the 
purpose of examining the structure of a more distant district. 

These Field Demonstrations are open to Students attending 
either the Class Lectures or the Practical Class. 

Adjoining the Class-rooin is a small Museum exhibiting the 
characters of minerals and rocks, and the typical fossils of the 
different geological systems. 


Summer Course. 


The tollowing subjects are dealt with in this Course :— 


380 Courses in Applied Science—Engineering. 


1. Petrology.—(The lectures are illustrated by demonstrations 
in the Laboratory and the Class Museum.) 

2. Paleontological Geology.—(Class Museum, see above). 

3. Structural Geology.—Under this head Dynamical Geology 
is also discussed in more or less detail. 

4. Geological Surveying. 

5. Economic Geology: application of Geology to Mining, 
Engineering, Agriculture, Public Health, &c. 

6. Phystographical Geology. 

Structural and Field Geology form the principal portion 
of this Course, but no previous knowledge of Geology is 
required of the student—the elementary principles of the science 
being set forth both in the lecture-room and the field. The 
Class meets on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays at 4, and a 
series of practical lessons on the study of rocks will be given at 
the beginning of the Session on Tuesdays and Thursdays at 
the same hour. The Saturdays are devoted to field demon- 
strations, when the mode of geological mapping and section 
drawing is explained and illustrated. This Course is a Half- 
Course qualifying for Graduation in Arts. 

PETROLOGY. 
J. S. FLETT, M.A., B.Sc., M.B., C.M., Lecturer. 

Lectures and Practical Work, on Mondays, Wednesdays, and 
Fridays, from Io to 12, in Summer. 


Il.—APPLIED S CIENGE 
IL.—ENGINEERING. 
I. MATHEMATICS. 
PROFESSOR CHRYSTAL. 
CHARLES TWEEDIE, M.A., B.Sc., Lecturer. 
For Synopses of Lectures, see under Faculty of Arts. 
II. NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 
PROFESSOR TAIT. 
For Synopsis of Lectures, see under Faculty of Arts. 
III. CHEMISTRY. 
PROFESSOR CRUM BROWN. 
For Synopsis of Courses, see under Faculty of Medicine. 


Courses in Applied Sctence—Engineering. 381 


IV. DRAWING AND MENSURATION. 
W. H. KERR, M.A., B.Sc., Lecturer. 


CLASS OF DRAWING (GEOMETRICAL, ENGINEERING, AND 
ARCHITECTURAL), AND OF MENSURATION.—Students may 
attend at any time between Io A.M. and 2 P.M. each day. 

All Students are recommended to take the Classes in Engineer- 
ing and Drawing together. 

The Class in Drawing may also be attended with advantage 
by those who propose subsequently to attend the Class in 
Engineering, as Students should be able to readily understand 
mechanical diagrams, and to apply the graphic methods of 
‘calculation frequently employed by Engineers. The Class will 
be found useful also to those who propose to become architects 
‘or surveyors. 

A course of instruction has been specially arranged to meet 
the requirements for the Degree of B.Sc. in Public Health. 


SYNOPSES. 
1. Ordinary Class. 

The work is arranged so as to form a two-years’ Course, and 
will consist of Lectures and Practical Instruction in Drawing. 
The Courses are described as “Junior” and “Senior” ; and, 
though not imperative, it is desirable that they should be taken 
in their natural order. 

Junior Course:—Plane Geometrical Drawing—Construction 
of Curves—Design of Toothed Wheels and Gearing— Graphic 
Methods of determining Stress in Structures—ZLocz of Points 
in Link-work—Diagrams of Velocity, Acceleration, and Energy. 

Senior Course :-—Solid Geometry—lInterpenetration and De- 
velopment of Surfaces and Solids—Isometric Projection-—Per- 
spective—Structural and Machine Drawing—Rough Sketching 
of Machines, &c., and the Preparation therefrom of Working 
Drawings—Design of Structures in Masonry, Timber, Steel, 
and Iron. Roofs, Bridges, Skew Arches, &c.—General Machine 
Design. 

2. Spectal Class for Public Health Students. 
The Course will include the following subjects :—Scales and 


282 Courses in Applied Science—Engineering. 


their Uses—Estimation of Areas and Volumes—Elements of 
Plane and Solid Geometry, and their application to the making 
of Structural Drawings from Models and Figured Sketches. 


V. ENGINEERING. 
PROFESSOR ARMSTRONG. 
Winter Session. 

I. CLASS OF ENGINEERING.—The object of the Course will 
be to show the practical application of Science to some branches 
of Engineering. The Lectures, combined with Laboratory 
instruction, will form a Two Years’ Course, so arranged that 
Students can enter the Class at the beginning of either year. 
The following are the subdivisions of the complete Course, a 
part only of each subdivision being dealt with each year :— 

1. Applied Mechanics ; 2. One Branch of Civil Engineering ; 
3. One Branch of Mechanical Engineering; 4. Examples of 
the Application of Machinery to Manufacturing Purposes; 5. 
Laboratory instruction in connection with one of the foregoing. 

Synopsis of the Course for the present Session :— 


A. 

1. Equilibrium and stability of frames, ribs, and linear arches. 

2. Application of mechanical principles to combined struc- 
tures, especially to roofs and bridges. 

3. Nature, fitness, and strength of structural materials ; 
stretching, crushing, bending, and twisting. 

4. Earthwork and masonry; retaining walls and masonry 
arches. 

5. Locomotive Engines. 

6. Machine design. 


B. 
7. Testing machines and apparatus, and the testing of struc- 
tural materials, with Laboratory Demonstrations, under the 
superintendence of the Professor. 


Four Examinations are held during the Session; and each 
week, unless there be an Examination, a problem paper is set 
to be worked at home. The questions proposed are such as 


Courses in Applied Science—Engineering. 383 


are met with in the practice of Engineering ; and the answers, 
being returned to the Students annotated and corrected, form a 
body of Examples for subsequent reference. 

There is also a Tutorial Class held weekly, at which the 
questions set in the problem paper of the previous week are 
discussed and explained. 

Engineering Works and Factories are, from time to time, 
visited by the Class, under the direction of the Professor. 

The attention of Students proposing to follow the foregoing 
course is specially directed to the following Class (II.), one 
attendance at which, though optional, is strongly recommended. 

II. ADDITIONAL CLASs.—A short preliminary course in 
General Mechanics is given, w7thout additional fee, for the 
benefit of those entering the Class of Systematic Engineering 
with an imperfect knowledge of Mechanical principles. This 
Class, taught by an assistant, will meet five days a week for 
about a month, commencing on the same day as the General 
Science Classes open. 

III. A COURSE OF INSTRUCTION (Theoretical and Practical) 
IN SANITARY ENGINEERING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, 
designed for Candidates for Degrees in Public Health, consisting 
of about fifty Lectures. 


IV. THE FULTON ENGINEERING LABORATORY.—Students 
here receive practical instruction in the processes employed by 
the Engineer in the experimental determination of the physical 
and economical constants of materials, machines, and prime 
movers, and in the practical application of electricity. 


Summer Session. 

V. ENGINEERING FIELD - WoORK.—A course of Practical 
Instruction in Surveying, Levelling, Setting Out, and Calculation 
of Quantities, is given in alternate years. 

The course consists of lectures, and of practical work, as 
undertaken in the field and in the office, and occupies the 
whole of each day for about three weeks. The hours of instruc- 
tion thus correspond to an ordinary Course extending over a 
much longer period. The Class will be next held in 1897. 


284 Courses in Applied Science—Engineering. 


Course of Study. 

The following course is recommended for Students preparing 
for the Degree of B.Sc. in Engineering :— 

Ist’ Year. — Mathematics [Intermediate Honours Class 
(Winter), or Advanced Class (Summer)], Geometrical Drawing 
and Graphics, Chemistry (or Natural Philosophy), Engineering 
Field-Work (Summer Session). 

2ud@ Year. — Engineering and Natural Philosophy (or 
Chemistry), Laboratory (Chemical or Physical), Engineering, 
Engineering and Mechanical Drawing. 

37a Year.—Natural Philosophy (Advanced Class), Engineering, 
Optional Course. 

In some cases a modification of the above may be desirable. 

The Engineering Field-Work Class may be taken during 
whichever of the Summers it is held. 

VI. DYNAMICS. 
C. G. KNOTT, D.Sc., Lecturer. 

As a preparation for the Course described below, Students of 
Engineering are advised to take the Summer Half-Course on 
Elementary Dynamics, either before or after passing the First 
B.Sc. Examination in Natural Philosophy. For Synopsis, see 
Courses in Faculty of Arts. 

The Advanced Science Course on Dynamics, of fifty Lectures, 
by the Lecturer on Applied Mathematics, is adapted for En- 
gineering Students. In the treatment of the subject practical 
applications and, in particular, graphical methods of solution 
will receive attention ; while the simpler processes only of the 
differential and integral calculus will be used. The Course will 
include the Kinematics, Kinetics, and Statics, of particles, rigid 
solids, flexible cords, and perfect fluids ; and the more ele- 
mentary parts of Strains and Elasticity. 

Books recommended.—The simpler sections of “ AZechanics” 
in the latest Excyc. Brit. ; Rankine’s Applied Mechanics. 

VII. GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY. 
PROFESSOR JAMES GEIKIE. 
For Synopsis of Lectures, see Summer Course under Pure 


Science. 


Courses tn Applied Science—Agriculture. 385 


IIl.— PUBLIC HEALTH. 
I. LABORATORY WORK. 
PROFESSOR SIR DOUGLAS MACLAGAN. 
See Schedule, page 414. 
II. CLINICAL INSTRUCTION regarding Fevers and Infectious 
Diseases during three months in a recognised Hospital. 
III. INSTRUCTION IN MENSURATION AND DRAWING.—Three 
months under a recognised Teacher. 
Special Course by Professor Armstrong in Sanitary Engineer- 
ing and Drawing, see under Engineering. 
IV. PHYSICS. 
PROFESSOR TAIT. 
CARGILL G. KNOTT, D.Sc., Lecturer. 
For Synopses, see under Faculties of Arts and Medicine. 
Vv. GEOLOGY. 
PROFESSOR GEIKIE. 
For Synopses of Courses, see under Pure Science. 
VI. PUBLIC HEALTH. 
(4) PRACTICAL SANITATION, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE. 
PROFESSOR SIR DOUGLAS MACLAGAN. 
For Synopsis of Courses, see under Faculty of Medicine. 
(6) SANITARY ENGINEERING, BUILDING CONSTRUCTON, ETC. 
PROFESSOR ARMSTRONG. 
Special Course, see under Engineering. 


IIIL.—AGRICULTURE. 
Ia. MATHEMATICS. 


PROFESSOR CHRYSTAL. 
CHARLES TWEEDIE, M.A., B.Sc., Lecturer. 


Senior Class, as for M.A. Synopses, see Faculty of Arts. 


τό. ZOOLOGY. 
PROFESSOR EWART. 
For Synopsis of Lectures, see under Faculty of Medicine. 
2B 


486 Courses tn Applied Science—Agriculture. 


I¢. BOTANY. 


PROFESSOR BALFOUR. 
For Synopsis of Lectures, see under Faculty of Medicine. 


11. NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 


PROFESSOR TAIT. 
For Synopsis of Lectures, see under Faculty of Arts. 


Ill. CHEMISTRY. 


PROFESSOR CRUM BROWN. 
For Synopsis of Lectures, see under Faculty of Medicine. 


IV. AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ECONOMY. 
PROFESSOR WALLACE. 


1. Definition of A griculture.—Aid given bythe Allied Sciences. 

2. Surface Geology.—Formation and Classification of Soils— 
their Physical and Chemical Properties. Importance of Organic 
Nitrogen. Indications of good or bad Soils—Methods of 
Management and Improvement. 

3. Drainage.—Its Practice and Advantages—Irrigation—Wet- 
Warping— Mixing or Top-Dressing—Claying—Marling—Chalk- 
ing—Liming—Paring and Burning—Clay-Burning. The Effect 
on Soils of Cultivation and the Growth of Plants. 

4. Implements and Machines of the FKarm.—Importance of 
their proper Construction and careful Management. 

5. Steam Cultivation.—Advantages and Disadvantages. 

6. Motive Powers Employed on the Farm.—tst, Man ; 2nd, 
Horse; 3rd, Mechanical Powers (Water, Wind, Steam)—their 
Values and Advantages. 

7. Farm Servants.—Labour and Wages—Day-workand Piece- 
work. Detailed and total costs of Horse and Hand Labour. 

8. Importance of Kotations.—Different Rotations and reasons 
why they are adopted—Systems of Farming. 

g. Our Farm Crops (including Grain, Root, Forage, and Hay 
Crops).—Selection and Cultivation. Prevention of Diseases. 

10. /dentification of Grasses and Valuable Pasture Plants.— 
Their Characteristics and Habits—Detection of Adulterations 
of Seeds—Regulations to protect Farmers in buying Seeds. 


Courses tn Applied Science —Agriculture. 387 


11. The Management of Permanent Pasture.—Proper Methods 
of making new Pasture—its After-treatment. 

12. Weeds in Pastures and Means of Destroying them. 

13. Stlage and the System of Ensilage.—Its Advantages, &c. 
—Its Suitability and Unsuitability according to Locality. 

14. Manures——F¥arm-yard Manure—Mixing, Storing, and 
Application—great advantage as a General Manure. Special 
Manures and so-called Artificials—Times and Methods of their 
Application. Utilization of Liquid Manure and Town Sewage. 

15. Buildings and Fences.—Construction of Fences— General 
Arrangement of Farm-Buildings—best Flooring and Inside 
Plans and Dimensions of Byres, Cattle-Sheds, Stables, &c.— 
Covered Yards— Ventilation — Drainage. 

16. Live-Stock.—Cattle, Pigs, Horses, Sheep, Poultry—Breeds 
of each, and suitability to Local Conditions—“ Principles of 
Breeding.” Feeding and Management—Mixtures of Food. 
Cost of Producing a Stone of Beef, Mutton, and Pork, showing 
Profit. 

17. Dairying tn all tts Branches, including the suitability of 
surrounding Conditions—Classes of Dairy Stock, and their 
Management—Treatment of Milk, its Sale, its Manufacture into 
Cheese, Butter, &c. 

18. feeding Stuffs.—Suitability of Common Food Substances 
to different Classes of Farm Stock—Purchase and disposal of 
the same—their Manurial Residues. 

Text-Looks.—Wallace’s “ Farm Live Stock of Great Britain,” 
M‘Connell’s ‘‘Note-Book of Agricultural Facts and Figures,” 
Fream’s “Elements of Agriculture,” “ Rothamsted Experiments,” 
and “Soils and their Properties.” 

Students are requested to consult the Professor at the beginning 
of the Session as to their plan of work. 

Periodical visits will be made to suitable Farms. A Medal 
may be given for the best report on these excursions. 

V. AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY. 
A. PEEBLES AITKEN, D.Sc., Lecturer. 

The Course comprises Lectures, Demonstrations, and Labora- 

tory work :— 


388 Courses in Applied Science—A griculture. 


1. The Atmosphere.—The relation of its constituents to plant 
life—rain, dew, fog, and hoar frost, their causes and effects. 

2. Soz/s.—Origin and formation—physical and chemical pro- 
cesses included in the term ‘ weathering”—inorganic and 
organic constituents of soils—essential elements of fertility— 
work of living organisms in the soil—decay and putrefaction 
of vegetable matter—formation of humus—nitrification—relation 
of soils to air and moisture—capillarity—absorption of salts by 
soils—lysimetry—circumstances affecting the composition of 
drainage water—amelioration of soils by physical and chemical 
means—classification, investigation, and analysis of soils. ° 

3. Plants.—Mineral and organic constituents of plants— 
their transformations and translocations during the life of plants 
from germination to maturity—respiration, transpiration, and 
assimilation—plant nutrition, and the specific effects of nutritive 
substances upon the growth and development of plants—water 
culture and other methods of investigating plant nutrition— 
meteorological conditions affecting the health and vigour of 
plants—sources whence plants derive their nitrogenous con- 
stituents—symbicsis—analysis of vegetable substances. 

4. Manures.—Their classification, composition, and charac- 
teristics—specific action and _ suitability for different soils, 
climates, and crops—economic use, and the principles regulat- 
ing their application—methods of conducting manurial experi- 
ments—analysis and investigation of manures—valuation of 
manures, and of unexhausted fertility. 

5. Crops.—Their composition and classification—fodder crops, 
their relative value as food—external conditions affecting their 
nutritive value, preservation, and digestibility—theory of rota- 
tions—crop residues and their relation to the fertility of the soil. 

6. Animal Nutrition.—Chief constituents of the animal body 
—respiration—digestion—influence of diet on the growth and 
health of animals—laws of flesh and fat production, and relation 
of food to work—nutrient ratio as a guide to feeding—animal 
waste—relation of food to manure—external conditions affecting 
the health and growth of animals—preparation of fodder— 
analysis and investigation of feeding stuffs. 


Courses tn Applied Science—Agriculture. 389 


7. Dairy Produce.—Composition of milk—its physical char- 
acters—diseases and sophistications to which it is liable—char- 
acteristics of its ingredients—its analysis—butter and cheese— 
their composition, sophistication, and analysis—scientific aspects 
of dairy management. 

VI. GEOLOGY. 
PROFESSOR GEIKIE. 

Summer Course, see Pure Science; Winter, see Faculty of 
Arts. 

VII. VETERINARY HYGIENE. 


Lectures of recognised teachers of the subject. 


VII. AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY. 
Course of twenty Lectures and Laboratory Demonstrations. 
W. FREAM, LL.D., B.Sc., Steven Lecturer. 
(Free to Present and Past Students of the Agriculture Class.) 

Position of Insects in the Animal Kingdom. 

Morphology and physiology of Insects, particularly in so far 
as such knowledge is useful in baffling attacks of insect pests. 
Structural modifications of the mouth, legs, and wings. 

Life-history of Insects. 

General principle that where the life history involves a series 
or cycle of changes, the measures of suppression should be 
directed against the weakest link in the chain. Illustrations. 

Methods of insect attack, and enormous losses consequent 
thereon. Incidentally :—(a) Stage in the life-history of the 
insect at which it becomes actively injurious. (4) Period in the 
growth of the crop when insect injury begins. (c) Organs of 
the plant which are attacked. 

Methods of prevention, as distinguished from remedy. 

General methods of prevention or remedy, as distinguished 
from sfecial. ‘The former are, in the main, agricultural. The 
latter usually involve the application of specific insecticides, or 
the subjection of the crop to treatment distinct from ordinary 
agricultural operations. 

Insecticides : composition and properties of the more im- 
portant. Methods of application. 


300 Courses in Applied Science—Agriculture. 


Mechanical appliances for the distribution of insecticides. 

Inter-relationship of economic entomology and systematic 
botany. 

Natural enemies of insects; particularly (@) insectivorous 
mammals and birds, (ὁ) other insects, (¢) parasites. 

Classification of insects, directed especially to the means of 
identifying injurious insects in their several stages. 

Characters of the natural orders of insects illustrated by 
genera which furnish destructive species. 

Special discussion of the natural orders Coleoptera, Hymen- 
optera, Lepidoptera, Homoptera, and Diptera. 

Convenient groupings of insects—(a) According to crop at- 
tacked ; (6) According to mode of attack. 

Detailed discussion of insects injurious to crops and to live 
stock in Britain, with methods of prevention and remedy :— 
inter alia—Wireworms, weevils, turnip-flies, bark beetles, thrips, 
saw-flies, sirices, surface-caterpillars, winter moths, codlin-moths, 
goat-moths, leopard-moths, magpie-moths, cabbage butterflies, 
aphides, scale-insects, mangel-flies, cabbage-flies, onion-flies, 
Hessian flies, wheat-midges, gout-flies, frit-flies, celery-flies, 
leather-jackets, ox-warble-flies, sheep’s-nostril-flies, gad-flies. 
Other pests, outside the class Insecta :—as millepedes, arach- 
nids, eelworms. 

Present position of Agricultural Entomology in Britain, &c., 
and remarkable advances made during recent years. The 
course is profusely illustrated by carefully prepared natural 
specimens, the characters of which are demonstrated by the 
Lecturer. The instruction is further facilitated by a unique set 
of special coloured diagrams, from the pencil of Miss Ormerod. 

IX. ECONOMIC SCIENCE’ AS APPLIED TO AGRICULTURE. 
PROFESSOR NICHOLSON. 
Lectures up to Christmas, see under Faculty of Arts. 
X. (a@.) FORESTRY. 
COLONEL BAILEY, Lecturer. 

Five days a week, at 10 A.M., during Winter. 

1. Principles of Sylviculture.—On the general lines of Dr 
Schlich’s “ Manual of Forestry,” vol. 1. 


Faculty of Sctence—Class Prize and Honours Lists. 301 


2. Formation and Tending of Woods.—On the general lines 
of Dr Schlich’s “ Manual of Forestry,” vol. ii. 

3. Protection of Standing Woods.—Treatment of torrents and 
sandhills ; fencing ; storms ; fires ; mammals and birds ; insects ; 
diseases ; weeds ; frost and drought ; rain, hail, snow and rime. 

4. Utilisation of Produce.—Uses of wood ; felling and trim- 
ming; conversion; measurement and sale; transport; har- 
vesting of bark. 

5. Zzmber.—lIts structure, characteristics, and identification ; 
relative form and size of stem, branches and roots ; durability, 
loss and gain of moisture : defects. 

6. Working Plans.—General principles. 

7. Uses and Effects of Forests.—Direct uses ; indirect effects 
—effects on temperature and moisture, mechanical effects. 

8. Forestry in Scotland.— General considerations ; the 
financial question. 

X. (0.) EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS. 
PROFESSOR TAIT. 
Full Laboratory Course, see under Faculty of Arts. 
X. (¢.) ENGINEERING. 
PROFESSOR ARMSTRONG. 
See Winter Course, under Graduation in Engineering. 
XI. ENGINEERING FIELD WORK. 
PROFESSOR ARMSTRONG. 
See under Graduation in Engineering (Summer Session). 


Class Yrize and Honours Wists. 
SUMMER SESSION, 1895. 


STRUCTURAL AND FIELD GEOLOGY. 


Honours CErRTIFICATES.—1I. W. D. M. Falconer, Blairgowrie, and J. 
Young Simpson, Edinburgh—equal (JZedal/zsts) ; 3. T. Christison 
Fraser, Edinburgh; 4. W. Blackadder, Broughty Ferry; 5. C. 
Martin Macfie Campbell, Edinburgh; 6. Arthur Allsebrooke, 
Nottingham ; 7. James Hay, Jedburgh. 

JAMES GEIKIE, D.C.L., LL.D., Professor. 


392 Faculty of Science—Class Prise and Honours Lists. 


PETROLOGY. 
First-Class Honours.—1. James Miller (Medallist); 2. W. P. 
Meldrum ; 3. T. C. Mahalanobis; 4. A. E. Mettam. 
JOHN 5. FLETT, M.A., B.Sc., M.B.C.M., Lecturer. 


PRACTICAL ASTRONOMY. 
1. John F. Cameron, M.A. (Medallist); 2. Jessie Chrystal Mac- 


millan. 
RALPH COPELAND, Ph.D., Professor. 


PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. 
1, S. C. Mahalanobis, Calcutta; 2. J. Y. Simpson, M.A., Edinburgh ; 
3. O. F. Lumsden, Aberdeenshire. 
W. G. SMITH, B.Sc., Ph.D., Lecturer. 


ENGINEERING FIELD WORK. 

1. James Hay (Medallist); 2. W. Blackadder; 3. A. Allsebrooke ; 4. 
T. G, Fraser; 5. F. W. Stone; 6. E. M. Horsburgh and R. A. 
M‘Conaghy—equal ; 8. T. S. Richmond, J. C. Tod, and F. P. 
Walker—equal; 11. A. M. Douglas and R. M‘Culloch—equal. 

α. F. ARMSTRONG, M. Inst., C.E., Professor. 


WINTER SESSION, 1895-96. 


APPLIED MATHEMATICS. 


DYNAMICS. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. W. Blackadder, Broughty Ferry, and E. 
M. Horsburgh, Kelso—equal (AZedallists). 
σι G. KNOTT, DiSe., Lecturer. 


ASTRONOMY. 
Crass MEDAL, PRIZE, AND First-CLass CERTIFICATE.—J. Ὁ. 
Hoppner. 
RALPH COPELAND, Ph.D., Professor. 


GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY. 


MEDAL.—Campbell Brown, Edinburgh. 

Honours CERTIFICATES.—I. Campbell Brown; 2. J. Y. Simpson, 
Edinburgh ; 3. W. C. Douglas, Sunderland; 4. J. T. Young, 
Edinburgh ; 5. W. W. Smith, Edinburgh ; 6. A. C. Smith, Ayr- 
shire ; 7. A. Baird, Lauder; 8. W. E. Malherbe, Cape Colony ; 
9. G. Ednie, Belfast; 10. D. W. Morris, Edinburgh; 11. J. 
Masson, Edinburgh ; 12. E. Woodland ; 13. E. J. Raynes, York- 
shire; 14. E. R. Jones, Wales; 15. A. T. Laing, Dundee; 16. 
J. F. Allan, Nethybridge. 


faculty of Science—Class Prize and Honours Lists. 393 


PRACTICAL CLASS. 


HONouRS CERTIFICATES.—I. W. W. Smith (Medad/ist); 2. A. Bain 
and J. Y. Simpson—equal ; 4. G. Ednie ;-5. W. E. Malherbe ; 6. 
J. Masson; 7. J. F. Allan; 8. J. T. Young. A. C. Smith ob- 
tained 87 per cent. in two examinations. 
JAMES GEIKIE, LL.D., D.C.L., Professor. 


ENGINEERING. 


1. James Hay (Medal and First Prize); 2. W. Blackadder (Second 
Prize) ; 3. J. C. Tod (Third Prize); 4. P. Drummond ; 5. Thomas 
C. Fraser; 6. W. J. Dilley. 
G. F. ARMSTRONG, M.A., M.Inst., C.E., Professor. 


GEOMETRICAL AND MECHANICAL DRAWING. 


I, James Hay (εἴα); 2. W. Blackadder (Prize); 3. W. D. M. 
Falconer; 4. Harry Burdon; 5. Henry W. Simpson; 6. E. M. 
Horsburgh. 

W. HUME KERR, M.A., B.Sc., Lecturer. 


AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY. 


1, Sidney F. Ashby and William G. Mason—equal (Medallists) ; 3. 
1), F. Chalmers and Samuel Milligan—equal; 5. William Bruce 
and Angus H. Mackenzie—equal ; 6. John C. Rushton ; 7. George 
Douglas ; ὃ. Alex. M. MacIntyre; 9. J. Grant Smith. 

A, P. AITKEN, D.Sc., Lecturer. 


AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ECONOMY. 


Honours CERTIFICATE.—1. William G. Mason, Marsh Grange, 
Karkby-in-Furness (/unzor Medal), and P. A. Salomons, Edin- 
burgh (Sezzor Meda/)—equal ; 3. A. Allsebrooke, Wollaton, Not- 
tingham, and 1). F. Chalmers, Gillespie, Glenluce—equal ; 5. J. C. 
Rushton, Rush Slade Farm, Hilderstone, Stone, Staffordshire ; 
John O. Peet, Wembrick Farm, Aughton, Lancashire ; and T. D. 
Foster, The Mott, Salcombe—equal ; 8. Alex. Fraser, Earnside, 
Forres; 9. Alex. M. Macintyre, Findon Mains, Conon Bridge, 
Ross-shire; 10. S. F. Ashby, Southport; 11. G. Douglas, M. 
Rhynie, Fearn, Ross-shire ; 12, J. W. Eastham, Blackhurst Farm, 
Losteck Hall, Preston, Lancashire ; 13. John Willison, Parish 
Holm Douglas; 14. J. G. Smith, Inverallan, Grantown; 15. 
James Willison, Acharn, Killin; 16. Angus H. Mackenzie, West- 
field, Caithness ; 17. C. Burness, Edinburgh; 18. A. K. Mackie, 
Rosebank, Portobello; 19. James Maitland, Home Farm, Tan-y- 
Bwlch, Merionethshire. 

STEVEN SCHOLARSHIP, of about £70.—L. F. Ashby. 

HIGHLAND AND AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY PRIZES, amounting to £10. 
—A. Allsebrooke ; D, Chalmers ; J. Rushton ; W. Mason—equal. 


394 Graduation in Pure Science.—Prelim. Exams. 


REPORT ON FARM Excursions.—J. C. Rushton (A/eda/); A. Allse- 
brooke (Extra Medal) ; J. Grant-Smith (Highly Commended). 
ROBERT WALLACE, Professor. 


AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY. 


HONOURS CERTIFICATES.—I. A. Allsebrooke (J/eda/); 2. S. F. 
Ashby ; 3. J. C. Rushton; 4. W. Bruce; 5. G. Douglas; 6. A. 
M. M‘Intyre; 7. A. H. Mackenzie. 
W. FREAM, LL.D, BiSc.,, Zecturer 


FORESTRY, 


1. Arthur Allsebrooke, Wollaton, Nottingham (Medal and Prize of £2) ; 
2. William A. Lee, Islay (Prize of £1); 3. Sydney F. Ashby, 
Rock Ferry, Cheshire ; 4. James Maitland, Inverness; 5. Alex- 
ander Porteous, Crieff. 

FRED. BAILEY, Lt.-Col., Lecturer. 


Graduation in Science. 
I.— PURE SCIENCE. 


A.—REGULATIONS AND CURRICULA FOR DEGREES IN 
PURE SCIENCE. 


Candidates who began attendance on qualifying Science Classes before 
Ist October 1892, are referred to the Calendar for 1895-96 or 
previous Calendars. 


Two Degrees in Science are conferred by the University of Edin- 
burgh, viz.:—Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) and Doctor of Science (D.Sc.). 
These degrees are given in Pure Science and in Applied Science. 


I.—PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 


The Preliminary Examinations in General Education are held in the 
Examination Hall in the University, in autumn and spring. (Time- 
Table, page 132.) 

Candidates may obtain Schedules at the Matriculation Office on and 
after 4th September 1896 and on and after 15th February 1897. The 
Schedules must be completed and lodged along with the Fees not later 
than 18th September 1896 and Ist March 1897 for the Autumn and 
Spring Examinations respectively. 

Fee, 1cs. 6d. for each appearance. 

Candidates may pay the Fees personally, or transmit them to T. 
GILBERT, University, Edinburgh, by Post Office or Postal Orders, or by 


Graduation in Pure Science. 395 


Bank Drafts crossed Union Bank of Scotland (Hunter Square Branch), 
Edinburgh, and not by cheques on private accounts. When names 
are not entered and Fees paid on or before the stated dates, an additional 
or late entry fee of 10s. must be paid before the Candidate can be 
admitted. A Candidate is not held to be entered until his Schedule is 
lodged, the Fee paid, and a Pass to the Examination obtained. 

I. Candidates before entering on the Curriculum must, unless 
exempted, pass a Preliminary Examination in the following 
subjects :—? 

1. English. 

2. One of the following: — Latin, Greek, French, or 
German. 

3. Mathematics (Higher). 

4. One of the following :—Latin, Greek, French, or Ger- 
man (if not already taken), Italian,“ Dynamics. 

2. Candidates must pass on the higher standard in Mathematics. 

3. English includes Grammar and Composition, and the Outlines of 
Geography and British History, the standard being that presently 
adopted for the Higher Grade Leaving Certificate of the Scottish 
Education Department. 

4. Latin and Greek comprise grammatical questions, translations 
into English from Latin or Greek authors, not previously pre- 
scribed, and translations of plain passages or easy sentences 
from English into Latin or Greek. The standard is that pre- 
sently adopted for the Lower Grade Leaving Certificate. 

5. French, German, and /talian comprise grammatical, literary, 
and easy philological questions, translation into English from 
French, German, or Italian authors, not previously prescribed, 
and translations from English into French, German, or Italian. 
The standard is that presently adopted for the Higher Grade 
Leaving Certificate of the Scottish Education Department. 

6, Mathematics comprises (1) Arithmetic, including Vulgarand Decimal 
Fractions, Proportion, Percentage, Square Root, Simple Interest ; 
(2) Algebra, including Fractions, Factors, Square Root, Equa- 
tions of the First Degree, Simultaneous Equations of the First 
Degree, Easy Quadratic Equations, Problems leading to the 
above Equations; (3) Geometry—Euclid, Books I., I., III. 
(or their equivalents), with easy deductions ; Books IV., VI., 
and the first twenty-one propositions of Book XI. (or their 
equivalents), with deductions, Quadratic Equations, Trigono- 
metry to the solution of Triangles inclusive, and the use of 
Logarithmic Tables. 

7. Dynamics includes Elementary Statics and Kinetics of Solids, 
Liquids, and Gases. 


1 See additional Regulations of Joint Board, page 128. 
2 The following may be in force after 1st October 1896, “‘ or such other Language 
as the Senatus may approve.” 


306 


co 


9. 


ῳ 


ἘΣ 


VE 


Graduationan Pure Sctence. 


A Candidate must pass in all the required subjects at one or not 
more than two Examinations, provided that he may offer himself 
for re-examination, as often as may be necessary, to satisfy this 
condition. 

Attendance on any Science Class will not qualify for Graduation 
unless the whole Preliminary Examination has been passed. 

I].—DEGREES IN PURE SCIENCE. 

Candidates for the Degree of B.Sc. must, in the course of not 
less than three Academical years (2,6. three Winter Sessions, or 
two Winter Sessions, and three Summer Sessions), attend at 
least seven courses of instruction in the subjects included in the 
Science Examination which they purpose to undergo. 

Three of these Courses must be in subjects prescribed for the First 
Science Examination, and four must be in subjects prescribed 
for the Final Science Examination. 

Four of the seven Courses must be taken in the University of 
Edinburgh. The remaining three Courses may be taken at this 
University or at other Universities or Institutions approved by 
the University Court, or under teachers recognised by the Uni- 
versity Court for purposes of Graduation in Science, provided 
that the fees for attendance at an approved Institution or under 
a recognised teacher in Edinburgh, shall in all cases not be 
less than the fees exigible for the corresponding Courses in the 
University of Edinburgh.! 

Every Candidate for a Degree in Science must produce his 
Matriculation Ticket for the year in which he appears for 
Examination or Graduation. 


. All Candidates, not Matriculated Students of this University, 


availing themselves of the permission to attend Lectures at 
approved Institutions or by recognised teachers in Edinburgh, 
must, at the commencement of each year of such attendance, 
enrol their names at the Matriculation office, paying a fee of the 
same amount as the Matriculation Fee, and having, in respect of 
such payment, a right to the use of the University Library. 

A Student who before October 1892 has completed a part of his 
course of study with a view to Graduation in Science under 
regulations in force at the time in this University, and shall 
thereafter complete his course of study and pass the necessary 
Examinations in conformity with such regulations, as with those 
now in force, may become a Candidate for the Degree of 
B.Sc. 

Candidates for Graduation who have previously passed the Exam- 
inations are required to intimate to the Clerk to the Senatus their 


1 Only Institutions and Teachers with the necessary staff and appliances for 
Theoretical and Practical Instruction in Science will be recognised by the Univer- 


sity. 


A List of Universities and Institutions at present recognised in terms of this 


regulation is given on page 397. 


Graduation in Pure Science. 397 


intention to graduate, and pay the Registration fee at least ten 
days before the date of Graduation. Those whose Examina- 
tions are not then completed are required to give such intimation 
at the earliest possible date, and at latest one clear day before 
the day of Graduation. 


UNIVERSITIES AND INSTITUTIONS AT PRESENT RECOGNISED IN 
TERMS OF REGULATION II. 3. 


The Universities of St Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Oxford, Cam- 
bridge, Dublin, and Victoria University, Manchester. Heriot-Watt 
College :—Mechanics and Physics, as equivalent to one course in 
Natural Philosophy, qualifying for the first B.Sc. examination in Pure 
Science ; Advanced Chemistry and Chemical Laboratory, as qualifying 
for the final B.Sc. examination; Electricity (Pure and Applied), 
Engineering, Laboratory Practice (Mechanical or Electrical), as quali- 
fying for the degree of B.Sc. in Engineering. The Glasgow and West 
of Scotland Technical College ; University College, Dundee ; Univer- 
sity College, London ; King’s College, London; The Royal College 
of Science, South Kensington ; The Owens College, Manchester ; The 
Mason College, Birmingham ; The College of Science, Newcastle-on- 
Tyne ; The Yorkshire College of Science, Leeds ; University College, 
Bristol ; University College, Liverpool ; The Firth College, Sheffield ; 
University College, Nottingham; The University College of North 
Wales, Bangor; University College of Wales, Aberystwith ; The 
University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire ; The Engi- 
neering College, Cooper’s Hill. The Queen’s College, Belfast; The 
Queen’s College, Cork ; The Queen’s College, Galway ; The College 
of Science, Stephen’s Green, Dublin; The School of Mines, Dublin ; 
The Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester; The College of Agri- 
culture, Downton; The University College, North Wales, Bangor ; 
and the Veterinary Colleges of the United Kingdom.—The Presidency 
Colleges in Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay. The Thomasson Engi- 
neering College, and the Engineering College, Poona. M‘Gill Univer- 
sity, Montreal; The University College of Toronto ; Queen’s Univer- 
sity, Kingston, Ontario; The University of Sydney ; The University 
of Melbourne; The University of Adelaide; Wellington College ; 
The University of New Zealand ; The University of Otago ; Dalhousie 
College, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Stellenbosch College, South Africa. 
-The University of Harvard; The University of Yale; The Johns 
Hopkins University. The Universities, and Polytechnic Schools sup- 
ported and regulated or recognised by the governments of the respective 
Countries of Europe. 

EXAMINATIONS 


(A.) DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE. 


For the Degree of B.Sc. there are two Examinations, conducted by 
written questions, as well as orally and practically. 


398 Graduation in Pure Science. 


(a.) First Science Examination. 


1. The First Examination for the Degree of B.Sc. is as to the general 
knowledge of the Candidate on the following subjects :— 
(i.) Mathematics, or Biology (z.e. Zoology and Botany). 
(ii.) Natural Philosophy. 
(iii.) Chemistry. 
2. The Examination in these subjects is the same as for the ordinary 
degree of Master of Arts. 
3. Candidates may present themselves in any one or more of these 
subjects at any Examination held after they have attended a full course 
in the subject or subjects professed. 


(ὁ.) Second Science Examination. 


1. The Second B.Sc. Examination is on a higher standard in any 
three or more of the following subjects :— 


(1) Mathematics. 

(2) Natural Philosophy. 

(3) Astronomy. 

(4) Chemistry. 

(5) Human Anatomy, including Anthropology. 

(6) Physiology, including Histology and Physiological Chemistry. 
(7) Geology, including Mineralogy. 

(8) Zoology, including Comparative Anatomy. 

(9) Botany, including Vegetable Physiology. 

2. The standard of this Examination is as nearly as possible equiva- 
lent to that of the Examination for the Degree of M.A. with Honours, 
where the subjects are different ἢ and where the subjects are the same 
the examination is identical. 

3. A subject already taken for the First Examination may be taken 
also for the Second Examination. 

4. Candidates presenting themselves for the Second Examination 
must have attended four full courses of higher instruction, including 
practical or laboratory work, in the Subjects professed. 

5. The Second Science Examination cannot be taken sooner than 
one year after the Candidate has passed the First Science Examina- 
tion. 

6. If a student, before passing the Preliminary Examination has at- 
tended a class qualifying for graduation, the Senatus may, on special 
cause shown, permit him to count such class for examination, on condition 
of his passing the full Preliminary Examination within such time as the 
Senatus may appoint. 

7. A Candidate for the degree of B.Sc. is not deemed to have 
attended a class as part of the curriculum for that degree unless he 
presents a certificate bearing not only that he has given regular attend- 
ance, but also that he has duly performed the work of the class. 

8. The Examiners for the degree of B.Sc. have power to report 


Graduation in Pure Sctence. 399 


that a Candidate has passed with special distinction in one or more of 
the subjects professed by him: and in such a case a Diploma is given 
setting forth the subjects in respect of which the degree has been granted, 
and,the subject or subjects in which special distinction has been obtained. 

9. A Candidate who has passed the First and Second Science 
Examinations, and otherwise complied with the regulations for Gradua- 
tion, will be recommended to the Senatus for the Degree of B.Sc. 


COURSES FOR FINAL EXAMINATION IN PURE SCIENCE. 


In each subject professed, two written papers are set, namely, a first 
and a second paper ; and the Practical and Oral Examinations also con- 
sist of first and second parts. The second part of the Examination is 
of a higher standard than the first. Candidates must pass the first 
section of the Examination (as well written as practical and oral) in all 
the subjects professed. They must also pass the second section in at 
least one of their subjects. The following Courses of Higher Instruction 
in this University, (1) Intermediate and (2) Advanced, qualify for the 
first and second stages of the Final Examination in Pure Science :— 

1. Mathematics: (1) /itermediate Course, as for Honours in Arts. 
(2) Advanced Course, as for Honours in Arts. 

2. Natural Philosophy: (1) /7z¢ermediate Mathematical, (2) Advanced 
Mathematical, Advanced Experimental, or Sfecéa/ Laboratory Course. 

3. Astronomy: (1) /ztermediate Course: Winter Lecture Course, 
including Practical work, (2) Advanced Course of Practical Instruction 
at the Observatory. 

4. Chemistry: (1) Zrtermediate Course : One Winter Course, or two 
Summer Courses, in Laboratory. (2) Advanced Course: Further 
Laboratory Work and one Lecture Course. 

5. Human Anatomy, including Anthropology: (1) Jntermediate 
Course: Six months’ Lectures on Systematic Anatomy (Winter 
Session), with six months’ Practical Anatomy. (2) Advanced Course: 
Course of Anthropology, 

6. Physiology: (1) Jntermediate Course: Six months’ Lecture 
Course and Practical Work (Winter Session). (2) Advanced Course: 
Laboratory Work. 

7. Geology, including Mineralogy : (1) Zitermediate Course: Winter 
Lecture Course and Practical Class. (2) Advanced Course : Laboratory 
Work, or Advanced Lecture Course. 

8. Zoology, including Comparative Anatomy: (1) Jtermediate 
Course: Six months’ Course, including Lectures on Invertebrate 
Zoology, and on Embryology, with Laboratory Work. (2) Advanced 
Course: Six months’ Course on the Morphology of the Invertebrata 
and Vertebrata, and Laboratory Work. 

9. Botany, including Vegetable Physiology: (1) Ztermediate Course : 
Six months’ work in Laboratory. (2) Advanced Course: Laboratory 
Work, with one or more Lecture Courses. 


400 Regulations for Special Study and Research, 


REGULATIONS FOR SPECIAL STUDY AND RESEARCH 
AND FOR APPOINTMEMT OF RESEARCH FELLOWS. 


I. The Senatus, with the approval of the University Court, may 
make regulations under which graduates of Scottish Universities, or of 
other Universities recognised by the University Court, or other persons 
who have given satisfactory proof of general education and of fitness 
to engage in some special study or research, may be admitted to pro- 
secute such study or research in the University. 

II. It is the duty of the Senatus in each University— 

(1) To receive and decide upon all applications for admission to 
prosecute special study or research. 

(2) To prepare a list of all persons admitted as Research Students. 

(3) To make regulations for the supervision of their work. 

(4) To satisfy themselves from time to time that the Research 
Students are carrying on their work ina satisfactory manner. 

(5) To suspend or exclude from any course any student whose 
conduct or progress is unsatisfactory. 

III. Every applicant must send in to the Senatus a written applica- 
tion stating any degree or other distinction he has obtained, the line 
of study or research he wishes to prosecute and the probable period of 
its duration, together with evidence as to his character, capacity, and 
general qualifications. 

IV. Any application shall be in the first instance referred by the 
Senatus to the appropriate Faculty, or to a Committee appointed by 
the Senatus ; one member of the Committee shall always be a Professor 
or Lecturer within whose department the proposed line of study or 
research falls. No applicant shall be recommended by the Faculty or 
the Committee who has not satisfied them by examination or otherwise 
that he is qualified to prosecute the proposed line of study or research, 
and further— 

(az) That his proposed line of study or research is fit and proper ; 

(4) That he possesses a good general education ; 

(c) That he is of good character ; 

(4) That he proposes to prosecute his studies or research during a 
period to be approved by the Senatus. 

The Faculty or the Committee shall report to the Senatus on each 
application. It shall also be their duty, subject to the regulations of 
the Senatus, to provide for the supervision of the Research Student’s 
work, and to report at least once a year to the Senatus as to his pro- 
gress and conduct. The Senatus shall then determine whether he shall 
remain a Research Student. 

V. Every Research Student shall be required to matriculate each 
year, paying the ordinary fee. 

VI. Research Students have the use of the University Laboratories 
and Museums, under such conditions as the University Court, after 
consultation with the Senatus, may determine. 


Regulations for Higher Degrees tn Science. 4o1 


VII. The title of Research Fellow may be conferred by the Senatus 
with the approval of the University Court, on Research Students who 
have shown special distinction. Such title shall not of itself confer 
any right to stipend, but it shall be in the power of the University 
Court to provide a stipend of such amount and for such period as it 
may think fit to any Research Fellow. 

VIII. (1) The Research Fellows shall be appointed after consideration 

of the report or reports submitted in terms of Section IV. 

(2) The title of Research Fellow may be conferred at the commence- 
ment of the Research Student’s course of study or research, or 
at any time during its progress, as the Senatus may determine. 

(3) Research Fellows shall retain their title and stipend, if any, 
for the period during which they are engaged in special 
study or research in the University, and no longer. 

(4) Research Students who have been appointed Research Fellows 
shall continue subject to the above conditions as to the 
supervision of their work and the reports to be made thereon. 

IX. Nothing herein contained shall prejudice the right of Research 
Students to such Fellowships, Scholarships, or Prizes as may be open 
to them by Ordinance or Deed of Foundation. 

X. The University Court may provide such sums as it may think 
fit in aid of the expenses of Special Study or Research. 


(B.) DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF SCIENCE. 


1. Graduates of this University who have held the Degree of B.Sc. 
for five years may offer themselves for the Degree of D.Sc. Candidates 
must profess one of the following branches of Science :—Mathematics ; 
Natural Philosophy ; Astronomy ; Chemistry ; Human Anatomy, in- 
cluding Anthropology; Physiology, including Histology; Geology, 
including Mineralogy ; Zoology, including Comparative Anatomy; 
Botany, including Vegetable Physiology; and in this they will be 
expected to show a thorough knowledge. 

2. Masters of Arts of this University with first or second class honours 
in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy under the conditions prescribed 
by the present Regulations for Degrees in Arts, or under the Regu- 
lations previously in force in this University, may offer themselves for 
the degree of D.Sc. after the expiry of five years from the date of 
their graduation in Arts, under the same conditions as if they held the 
degree of B.Sc. 

3. Research Students within the meaning of the Regulations for the 
Encouragement of Special Study and Research and for the appointment 
of Research Fellows, may offer themselves for the degree of D.Sc. 
of the University in which they have prosecuted some special study or 
research, although they have not taken the degree of B.Sc. or the 
degree of M.A. with honours as aforesaid, in that University ; provided— 

(1) That they hold the degree of B.Sc. or Bachelor of Medicine 
of a Scottish or any recognised University, or a degree of 


26 


402 Graduation in Pure Science. 


any such University, which the Senatus shall hold equiva- 
lent to the degree of B.Sc. or to the degree of M.A. with 
first or second class honours in Mathematics and Natural 
Philosophy ; provided that Candidates who hold any such 
degree from a University outside the United Kingdom may 
be required, if the Senatus think fit, before beginning their 
course as Research Students with a view to the degree of 
D.Sc., to pass an examination equivalent to an Honours 
or to a Final Science examination in a group of subjects 
cognate to their line of work as Research Students. 

(2) That they have spent not less than two winter sessions or an 
equivalent period as Research Students in the University 
granting the degree, and that they produce evidence of 
satisfactory progress in the special study or research under- 
taken by them during that period. _ 

(3) That a period of not less than five years shall have elapsed 
from the date of the graduation required in sub-section (1) 
of this section. 

4. All Candidates for the degree of D.Sc. shall present a Thesis 
or a published Memoir or Work, to be approved by the Senatus 
on the recommendation of the Faculty of Science; provided that, if 
required by the Senatus, the Candidate shall also be bound to pass such 
an examination conducted orally or practically, or by written papers, 
or by all of these methods, on the subjects of his special study 
or of his Thesis, as may from time to time be determined. The Thesis 
shall be a record of original research undertaken by the Candidate, and 
shall be accompanied by a Declaration, signed by him, that the work 
has been done and the Thesis composed by himself. 

The Thesis must be sent to the Dean of the Faculty of Science on 
or before 30th April in the year in which the Candidate proposes to 
graduate. 

5. Notwithstanding and in supplement of the Regulations as to 
Examinations, the Senatus Academicus may appoint such Professors 
or Lecturers as it may think suitable to conduct the examination of 
candidates who may offer themselves for the degree of D.Sc., and the 
University Court shall, after consultation with the Senatus Academicus, 
appoint an additional Examiner to act along with them. Such addi- 
tional Examiner shall be a person of recognised eminence in the 
subject of the thesis, or memoir, or work which is to be submitted 
for approval. The result of the examination shall be reported to the 
appropriate Faculty or Committee of Senatus. 

6. The degree of D.Sc. shall in no case be conferred on persons 
who have not satisfied the conditions hereinbefore set forth, and shall 
not be conferred honoris causa tantum. 


Regulations of University Court. 403 


REGULATIONS FOR THE GRADUATION OF WOMEN AND FOR 
THEIR INSTRUCTION. 


EXCERPTS FROM ORDINANCE NO. 18 (GENERAL NO. 9). 


1. It shall be in the power of the University Court to admit women 
to graduation. 

2. The conditions for graduation shall be the same for women as for 
men, subject to the following modifications, which shall have effect 
until provision is made for the instruction of women in all subjects 
qualifying for graduation, in which provision is made for the instruction 
of men :— 

Section 3 of the Regulations for Degrees in Science shall not be 
applicable to the graduation of women in Science, so long as within 
the Faculty provision is not made for the instruction of women in any 
subject qualifying for graduation in which provision is made for the 
instruction of men, and it shall be in the power of the University Court 
to admit to graduation women who have received the requisite instruc- 
tion in that subject in any other Universities or Institutions approved 
by the University Court, or under teachers recognised by the University 
Court for purposes of graduation in Science: Provided always that 
every candidate for graduation shall produce evidence of having satisfied 
the conditions with respect to the Preliminary Examination, and shall 
be examined in all the subjects necessary for graduation by the 
Examiners of the University. 

3. So soon as within the University provision is made for the instruc- 
tion of women in all subjects qualifying for graduation in which pro- 
vision is made for the instruction of men, the conditions for the gradua- 
tion of women shall be the same as the conditions for the graduation of 
men. 

4. (1) Women who attend classes in the University must matriculate, 
paying a fee of the same amount as that exigible for other students. 
(2) Women, who are candidates for graduation but not matriculated 
students, and who may attend classes within a University town, under 
the provisions of Section 3 hereof, must, at the commencement of each 
year of such attendance, enrol their names in a book to be kept in the 
University for that purpose, paying a Fee of the same amount as the 
Matriculation Fee paid by students of the University. 


ADDITIONAL REGULATIONS BY THE UNIVERSITY CouRT. 


Any woman who has received the requisite instruction in 
Chemistry, Botany, and Zoology, in any other University or 
Institution already approved by the University with the view to 
the Graduation of men, or under any teacher already recognised 
with that view, or in the Edinburgh School of Medicine for 


4094 Graduation in Pure Science— Outline of Exams. 


Women, Surgeon Square, Edinburgh, or in the Medical College 
for Women, Chambers Street, Edinburgh, will—subject to the 
provisions of Ordinance! No. 18, General No. 9—Regulations 
for the Graduation of Women, &c., be admitted to Examination 
in these subjects for Graduation in Science. 

Women may attend within the University the advanced 
Courses in Botany, Zoology, and Chemistry, qualifying for 
Graduation in Science. 

Any woman, not a Matriculated Student of the University, 
availing herself of the permission to attend the Lectures on 
Chemistry, Botany, or Natural History, at the above-named 
Schools of Medicine in Edinburgh, must, at the commencement 
of each year of such attendance, enrol her name ina book to 
be kept in the University for that purpose, paying a Fee of the 
same amount as the Matriculation Fee paid by Students of the 
University, and having, in respect of such payment, a right to 
the use of the Library of the University. 


OUTLINE OF EXAMINATIONS. 


I.—FIRsT EXAMINATION. 
(αι), MATHEMATICS. 
The Examinations in Mathematics and in Natural Philosophy are 
the same as for the Degree of Master of Arts. 
(a2) ZOOLOGY. 
(a2) BOTANY. 
(ὁ) NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 
(c) CHEMISTRY. 


The Examinations in Zoology, Botany, and Chemistry, are the same 
as for the First Professional Examination for Degrees in Medicine. 


I].—FINAL EXAMINATION. 
(2) MATHEMATICS, 
(ὁ) NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 
The Examinations in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy are the 
same as the Degree of M.A. with Honours. 
(c) ASTRONOMY. 


1. The Principles and Practice of astronomically finding the geo- 
graphical co-ordinates of the place of observation on land and at sea. 


1 See Ordinance, Appendix to Calendar, 1892-93, page 51. 


Graduation in Pure Science— Outline of Exams. 405 


2. The Principles that guide the actual determination of the chief 
astronomical constants—re/raction, aberration, nutation, precession, and 
solar-parallax in fixed observatories. 

3. The methods used for determining the figure and size of the 
earth. 

The Candidate will be required to explain the general principles on 
which the orbits of planets, etc., are calculated, and must show a 
thorough knowledge of the methods followed in the case either of a 
comet, planet, double-star, or of a meteorite and a meteoritic sari. 

One group of observations must have been made in the field, or at 
an observatory, and fully reduced so as to show the value of the derived 
results, and the precautions that have been taken to free them from 
instrumental and personal errors. Candidates will also be examined as 
to the best ways of testing the critical parts of instruments, such as a 
pivot, screw, level, etc. 


(Φ) CHEMISTRY. 


Written and Oral Examinations :—Inorganic, including Mineralogi- 
cal, Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry ; Chemical 
Crystallography ; History of Chemistry. Practical Examination :— 
Complex qualitative Analysis; Quantitative Analysis, including Gas 
Analysis and Organic Analysis; Preparation of Pure Substances, 
organic and inorganic ; Physico-chemical measurements. 

In the written papers a choice of questions is allowed, so as to adapt 
the examination to the various courses of advanced study which Candi- 
dates may have selected. 

Exact quantitative determinations are not included in the first part 
of the practical examination. 


(e) HUMAN ANATOMY, i1nNcLupINc ANTHROPOLOGY. 


Candidates are required to show a competent knowledge of the 
development of the human body and of its parts and organs ; also the 
position and general arrangement of the different ‘‘ systems ” of organs 
which enter into its construction, and the structure both of these organs 
and of the simple tissues. A special knowledge of the locomotory 
apparatus and of the nervous and vascular sy stems will be required. 
An acquaintance with the technical applications of human anatomy to 
the practice of Medicine and Surgery is not asked for. 

The Anthropological part of the subject will embrace a knowledge 
of race characters as found in the skull and other parts of the skeleton, 
in the skin, eyes, hair, features, and the external configuration of the 
body generally. The methods of anthropometrical measurement both 
of the living body and of the skeleton should be known. The possible 
influence of use and of external surroundings in producing modifications 
in the physical characters of man will require attention. An acquaint- 
ance with the ‘‘ types” of mankind and the structural relations of man 
to the higher mammals will also be expected. 


406 Graduation in Pure Science—Outline of Exams. 


(7) ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY. 


The Structure, Chemical Composition, and Functions of the Ele- 
mentary Tissues of Man and Animals. 

The Minute Structure and Functions of the Organs concerned in the 
Nutrition of Man and Mammals. 

The Chemical Composition and Functions of the Foods and Fluids 
involved in the Process of Nutrition. 

The Temperature of Man and Animals. 

Human Voice and Speech. 

The Minute Structure and Functions of the Organs of Sense, Brain, 
Spinal Cord, and chief Nerves of Man and other Vertebrates. 

In the Oral Examination Candidates will be examined on the above 
subjects, and will also be required to show their practical acquaintance 
with Histology, Physiological Chemistry, and Experimental Physiology. 


(g) GEOLOGY, tncLupInNcG MINERALOGY. 


1. Dynamical Geology.—The nature and operation of geological 
agents :—The Atmosphere, Rain, Terrestrial Waters, Ice, the Sea, 
Plants and Animals, Volcanoes, Movements of the Earth’s Crust. 

2. Mineralogy.—Physical and Chemical characters of the more 
important and typical species in the various mineral groups—more 
especially the rock-forming minerals and ores. 

3. Petrology.— Macroscopic and Microscopic Characters, Composi- 
tion, Origin and Distribution of Rocks. 

4. Structural Geology.—Structure of Rovk-masses, Bedding, Joints, 
Cleavage, Foliation, Metamorphism, Faults, Unconformity. 

5. Stratigraphical Geology.—The History of the Geological Systems 
—more especially those of the British Islands. 

6. Paleontological Geology.—Characters, and distribution in time, of 
the more important Genera and Orders found fossil in Britain. 

7. Phystographical Geology.—Origin of the present outlines of the 
Earth’s surface. 


(4) ZOOLOGY, INcLUDING COMPARATIVE ANATOMY. 


1. The Systematic Zoology of the Invertebrate and Vertebrate 
groups. 

2. The Elements of the Comparative Anatomy and Development of 
the Invertebrata and Vertebrata. 

3. The Principles of Natural Selection, a Knowledge of the Geo- 
graphical Distribution of Vertebrate Animals. 

The following books are recommended :—Lang’s ‘‘Text-Book of 
Comparative Anatomy;” Huxley’s ‘‘ Vertebrata;” Flower and 
Lyddeker’s ‘‘Mammalia;” Vogt and Yung’s Practical Zootomy 
(German or French edition); Darwin’s ‘‘Origin of Species ;” Wal- 
lace’s ‘‘ Darwinism” and ‘‘ Island Life ;” Marshall’s ‘‘ Embryology.” 


3 


Regulations for Graduation in Engineering. 407 


(ἢ BOTANY, INCLUDING VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY. 


1. Morphology (including Anatomy), and Physiology of Plants. 

2. The Principles of Plant Classification, and the Systematic Char- 
acters of the chief Families of Plants, including the Life Histories of 
Representative Types. 

3 The chief facts of Geographical Distribution, and the explanation 
of these. 

4. The chief facts of Vegetable Palzeontology, and their bearing on 
the Theory of Descent. 


II. ENGINEERING. 


B.—REGULATIONS AND CURRICULUM FOR DEGREES 
IN ENGINEERING. 


Candidates who began attendance on qualifying Science Classes before 
Ist October 1893, are referred to CALENDAR 1895-96 or previous 
CALENDARS. 


I. Two degrees in Science in Engineering are conferred by the 
University of Edinburgh—viz., Bachelor of Science in Engineering and 
Doctor of Science in Engineering. 


I,—PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION FOR BACHELOR OF SCIENCE. 


II. Every candidate for the degree of B.Sc. in Engineering must 
pass the Preliminary Examination! prescribed for Degrees in Pure 
Science, and the conditions with respect thereto imposed by the 
Regulations for Degrees in Pure Science are applicable in all respects 
to Degrees in Engineering except as follows—viz., the Preliminary 
Examination must be passed before the candidate presents himself for 
any part of the First Science Examination, but not necessarily before 
the candidate enters on his curriculum. 


II.—CoursEs or INSTRUCTION. 


III. (1) Candidates must, in the course of not less than three 
Academical years (2.6. three Winter Sessions, or two Winter Sessions 
and three Summer Sessions), attend at least the eleven courses of 
instruction prescribed under Section VIII. hereof. 

(2) It is the duty of the Senatus to determine from time to time 
- which of the said courses are full and which are half courses respec- 
tively, and also to determine the number of meetings of which such 
full courses and half courses respectively shall consist, and to report its 
determination to the University Court for its approval. 

IV. (1) Five full courses or their equivalent (counting two half 
courses as one full course) must be taken in the University of Edin- 
burgh, and must include the necessary courses in Engineering, except 
where the University Court, after consultation with the Senatus, sees 


1 See page 395. 


408 Regulations for Graduation in Engineering. 


fit to allow one of the courses in Engineering to be taken outside the 
University under the provisions of the next sub-section. 

(2) The remainder of the said courses may be taken in other Uni- 
versities or Institutions approved by the University Court, or under 
teachers recognised by the University Court for purposes of ‘graduation 
in Science in Engineering :! Provided that the fees for attendance at an 
approved Institution in Edinburgh or under a recognised teacher there 
are not less than the fees exigible for the corresponding courses in the 
University of Edinburgh. 

V. The University Court may make regulations to enable candidates, 
not matriculated students of the University of Edinburgh, availing 
themselves of the permission to attend lectures at approved institutions 
or by recognised teachers in Edinburgh to obtain, on payment of a fee 
not exceeding in amount the matriculation fee paid by the students of 
the University, a right to the use of the Library of the University. ἡ 

VI. (1) It is the duty of the Professors and Lecturers annually 
at the end of each winter session to submit to the Senatus a scheme 
specifying what proportion of the courses shall be devoted to lectures, 
practical demonstrations, examinations, and tutorial work respectively. 
The Senatus transmits such scheme, with such observations as it may 
think fit to make thereon, to the University Court for its approval. 

(2) It is the duty of the Professors and Lecturers annually at the 
end of each winter session to submit to the Faculty of Science, for 
its consideration, syllabuses of the subjects and books proposed for 
the work of their classes during the next Academical year. The Faculty 
of Science transmits such syllabuses, with such observations as it may 
think fit to make thereon, to the Senatus for its approval. 

VII. The provisions ‘of the preceding section do not apply to 
approved Institutions or recognised teachers outside Edinburgh ; but the 
University Court will not grant or continue recognition to any Institu- 
tions or teachers unless it is satisfied that their courses of instruction are 
equivalent to the courses sanctioned in the University of Edinburgh. 

VIII. The subjects of study are as follows :— 

1. Mathematics, including Analytical Geometry, and Differen- 
tial and Integral Calculus. 
2. Natural Philosophy, including Applied Higher Mathematics. 
3. Chemistry. 
4. A course in the Physical Laboratory or in the Chemical 
Laboratory, or of Practical Chemistry. 
6. Two Courses in Practical work in Drawing. 
9. Three Courses in Engineering, including Engineering Labo- 
ratory Practice, and Field Work. 
10. Natural Philosophy, involving Higher Mathematics. 
11. One of the following :— 
(a) Engineering Laboratory Practice, Mechanical or 
Electrical (Special Course). 


1 See footnote, page 396. 


Regulations for Graduation tn Engineering. 409 


(6) Electricity—Pure and Applied. 
(c) Geology and Mineralogy. 


IIJ.—ScIENCE EXAMINATIONS. 
(a) First Science Examination. 


IX. (1) There is a First Science Examination in the three fol- 
lowing subjects, viz.:—(r) Mathematics, (2) Natural Philosophy, (3) 
Chemistry ; and the examinations in Natural Philosophy, and in 
Chemistry are so far as possible practical. 

The examination in Geometrical Drawing may be taken either at the 
First or at the Final Science Examination. 

(2) The examination in Mathematics includes the higher branches of 
Mathematics specified under Mathematics in the Section immediately 
preceding ; but it is optional to Candidates to pass the same examina- 
tion in this subject as that required for the ordinary Degree of M.A., 
provided that in that case they will be required, before graduation, to 
pass an examination in the remainder of the subject. 

(3) Candidates may present themselves in any one or more of the 
subjects of the First Science Examination at any examination held after 
they have attended a full course in the subject or subjects professed. 

The following Classes in the University qualify for the First Science 
Examination in Engineering :— 

τ. Mathematics—Intermediate Honours Class (Winter), or Advanced 

Class (Summer). 

2. Natural Philosophy—As for Pure Science Degrees. 

3. Chemistry—As for Pure Science Degrees. 

4. Physical or Chemical Laboratories—A three months’ Course in 

either. 

5. Drawing—Class of Geometrical Drawing during one Winter Session. 


(6) Final Science Examination. 


X._(1) There is a Final Science Examination in the remaining 
subjects specified in Section VIII. ; and, if required, in the higher 
branches of Mathematics as provided in Section IX., Sub-section 2. 

(2) Candidates may present themselves in one or more of these sub- 
jects at any examination after they have passed the whole of the subjects 
in the First Science Examination and have attended the required courses 
in the subjects professed. provided that for this purpose subjects 5, 6, 
7, 8, and 9, specified in Section VIII., shall form one subject. 

XI. A candidate for the degree of B.Sc. in Engineering is not 
deemed to have attended a class as part of the curriculum for that 
degree who does not present a certificate bearing not only that he 
has given regular attendance, but also that he has duly performed the 
work of the class. 

XII. It is competent to the Examiners for the degree of B.Sc. in 
Engineering to report that a candidate has passed with special distinc- 


4το Regulations for Graduation tn Engineering. 


tion in one or more of the subjects professed by him ; and in such a case 
a diploma is given setting forth the subjects in respect of which the 
degree has been granted, and the subject or subjects in which special 
distinction has been obtained. 

XIII. It is competent to the University Court to modify from time 
to time the provisions as to the curriculum, in case such modification 
be rendered desirable by the development of Engineering Science, 
or in consequence of further provisions having been made within or 
without the University for the study of any branch of the said Science : 
Provided that in no case shall the number of full courses of study re- 
quired be less than the number required for the degree of B.Sc. in Pure 
Science. 

The following Classes in the University qualify for the Final Science 
Examination in Engineering :-— 

1. Drawing—Class of Engineering and Mechanical Drawing during 

one Winter Session. 

2. Engineering—(a) Class of Systematic Engineering during two 
Winter Sessions. (ὁ) Class of Engineering Field-Work, 
held in Summer. 

3. Engineering Laboratory, or Electricity (Pure and Applied), or 
Geology and Mineralogy—A three months’ Course in either. 


IV.—DocToRATE OF SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING, 


XIV. Graduates of the University of Edinburgh who have held the 
degree of B.Sc. in Engineering for five years, may offer themselves for 
the degree of D.Sc. in Engineering. 

XV. A candidate for the degree of D.Sc. in Engineering must 
present a Thesis, or a published memoir or work, to be approved by the 
Senatus on the recommendation of the Faculty of Science: Pro- 
vided that, if required by the Senatus, the candidate must pass such 
examination as may be determined. The Thesis must be a record 
of original research undertaken by the candidate, or of important 
engineering work designed by himself, and actually carried out, and 
must be accompanied by a declaration, signed by him, that these 
conditions have been satisfied. 


GENERAL. 


XVI. Candidates who produce certificates that they have satisfied all 
the conditions prescribed by these Regulations, and who have passed 
the necessary examinations, will be entitled to receive the degrees of” 
B.Sc. in Engineering and D.Sc. in Engineering, as the case may be, on 
the payment of the fees required. 

XVII. A student who, when these Regulations came into operation, 
had completed a part of his course of study with a view to gradua- 
tion in Science in Engineering in the University of Edinburgh, under 
regulations in force at the time, and who thereafter completes his 
course of study and passes the necessary examinations in conformity 


Outlines of Examinations in Engineering. 41 


with such regulations, or with the provisions hereof, may become a 
candidate for the degree of B.Sc. in Engineering. 

XVIII. The degrees of B.Sc. and D.Sc. in Engineering are in no 
case conferred on persons who have not complied with the above con- 
ditions, and are not conferred honoris causd tantum. 


FIRST BACHELOR OF SCIENCE EXAMINAMION. 
OUTLINE OF SUBJECTS OF EXAMINATION, 


1. MATHEMATICS, including Analytical Geometry and Differential 
and Integral Calculus. 

2. NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, mainly Practical Physics. 

3. CHEMISTRY—Same as for First Examination in Pure Science. 


SECOND BACHELOR OF SCIENCE EXAMINATIONS. 


I. (α.) ENGINEERING— 

Field-Work.—Surveying ; Levelling ; Setting out of Work ; Calcu- 
lation of Quantities. 

Properties of Materials.—General Properties, with special knowledge 
of their Strength, and the Purposes to which they are applied, and 
some knowledge of their Cost. 

Strength and Stability of Structures designed by Civil Engineers.— 
Metal and Timber Bridges and Roofs. Arches in Masonry. Walls. 
Retaining Walls. Embankments. Cuttings. Breakwaters. Aque- 
ducts. Pipes. Canals. 

Strength and Form of the Elements of Machines. 

Design of Combined Structures.—An elementary knowledge of the. 
Design of Bridges and Roofs, of Reservoirs, Embankments, collecting 
and distributing Machinery of Waterworks, and of the main features of 
Railway construction, Harbours, and Drainage. 

Design of Machinery.—An elementary knowledge of the construction 
of the Steam Engine, stationary and locomotive, of Prime Movers 
driven by Water, of Mill-wright work, and the general arrangement of 
Workshops and Factories. 

Prime Movers.—Theory of Heat Engine. The Hot Air Engine. 
The Steam Engine. The Gas Engine. Turbines and Water Wheels. 
Power Transmission—Telodynamic, Hydraulic, Electric. 

Engineering Laboratory Practice. 

(o.) DRAWING 

Candidates must exhibit a good knowledge of Geometrical Drawing, 
including the use of Graphics as applied in the solution of Engineering 
problems, and be able to represent neatly, in the usual manner em- 
ployed by engineers, Plans and Sections of Buildings and Machinery, 
and also to make Engineering Sketches with figured dimensions from 
actual objects. 

2. NATURAL PHILOSOPHY— 

Applied Mathematics, chiefly Dynamics. 


412 Regulations for Graduation in Public Health. 


3. (a.) ENGINEERING LABORATORY PRACTICE, MECHANICAL OR 
ELECTRICAL. 

(ὁ.) ELECTRICITY—PURE AND APPLIED. 

(c.) GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY— 

Dynamical Geology.—Nature and Operation of geological agents :— 
The Atmosphere, Kain, Terrestrial Waters, Ice, the Sea, Plants and 
Animals, Volcanoes, Movement of the Earth’s Crust. 

Mineralogy.—Physical and Chemical characters of the more im- 
portant and typical species in the various mineral groups—more 
especially the rock-forming minerals and ores. 

Petrology.—Macroscopic and Microscopic Characters, Composition, 
Origin and Distribution of Rocks. 

Structural Geology.—Structure of Rock-Masses, Bedding, Joints, 
Cleavage, Foliation, Metamorphism, Faults, Unconformity. 

Phystographical Geology.—Origin of the present outlines of the 
Earth’s surface. 


DOCTOR OF SCIENCE EXAMINATION. 
A Candidate for this Degree will be required to offer a thesis or pub- 


lished memoir affording evidence of original work, and may also be 
required to pass a Special Examination. 


III.—PUBLIC HEALTH. 


C.—REGULATIONS AND CURRICULUM FOR DEGREES IN 
PUBLIC HEALTH. 

Candidates who commenced attendance on qualifying Science Classes 
before 1st October 1894 are referred to the CALENDAR for 1895-96, 
or to previous CALENDARS. 

I. Two degrees in Science in Public Health are conferred by the 

University of Edinburgh, viz., Bachelor of Science in Public Health and 

Doctor of Science in Public Health. 


I.—BACHELOR OF SCIENCE. 

II. Candidates for the degree of B.Sc. in Public Health must be 
graduates in Medicine of a University of the United Kingdom, or of 
some other University recognised for the purpose by the University 
Court of the University of Edinburgh. 

III. Candidates must be matriculated for the year in which they 
appear for examination or graduation. 


(A.)\—lirst Examination. 


IV. Candidates for the degree of B.Sc. in Public Health, before 
proceeding to the first examination, must produce evidence (1) 
that, after their graduation in Medicine, they have worked for at 
least twenty hours per week during a period of not less than eight 


Outline of Subjects of Examination in Public Health. 413 


months, of which at least five consecutive months must be in the Public 
Health Laboratory of the University of Edinburgh, and the remainder 
in the foresaid Laboratory, or in a Public Health Laboratory recognised 
for the purpose by the University Court;! and (2) that they have 
attended in this University or any other Scottish University, in addi- 
tion to the course of lectures in Physics qualifying for graduation in 
Medicine, such further course in Physics as the Senatus, with the ap- 
proval of the University Court, shall deem necessary, and such a course 
of lectures in Geology, extending over not less than three months, as the 
Senatus with the like approval shall deem sufficient and appropriate. 

The Courses in this University which at present qualify in Physics 
and Geology are Professor Tait’s or Dr Knott’s Courses in Physics, 
and Professor Geikie’s Winter or Summer Course in Geology. 


(B.)—Second Examination, 


V. Candidates for the degree of B.Sc. in Public Health are not 
admitted to the second examination for the degree sooner than eighteen 
months after having taken their degree in Medicine, nor sooner than 
six months after having passed their first examination for the degree of 
B.Sc. in Public Health, and they must have attended two separate 
courses in Public Health in the University of Edinburgh, or in any 
University of the United Kingdom, or any Indian, Colonial, or Foreign 
University recognised for the purpose by the University Court, or in 
such Medical School or under such teacher as may be recognised or 
approved for the purpose by the University Court, each course consist- 
ing of forty lectures at least; one of these courses shall deal with 
Medicine and the other with Engineering, each in its relation to Public 
Health, in such manner as the Senatus Academicus, with the approval 
of the University Court, shall determine. 

The lectures in this University which at present qualify are the 
courses of the Professor of Medical Jurisprudence and Public Health, 
and the course of instruction (Theoretical and Practical) in Sanitary 
Engineering and Building Construction by the Professor of Engineering, 

They must also give evidence (1) that for six months they have 
practically studied sanitary work under the Medical Officer of Health of 
a county or burgh or district, containing a population of not less than 
25,000 ; (2) that they have had three months’ clinical instruction re- 
garding fevers and infectious diseases in a hospital recognised as suit- 
able for the purpose: by the University Court ; and (3) that they have 


1 Public Health Laboratories and Teachers recognised under this section :--- 
Public Health Laboratory of Mason’s Col-fE. Percy F. Frankland, Ph.D., 
lege, Birmingham, October 1894. 
Liverpool School of Science and Technology, George Tate, Ph.D., 15 June 1891. 
W. ΚΕ. Smith, M.D., D.Sc., 
a November 1801. 
Ξ ε §Professor Matthew Hay, M.D. 
University of Aberdeen, 5 : Ε ᾿ἢ τ February τοι. ’ ’ 


Pasteur Institute, Paris, 3 ; : . 22 October 1892. 


King’s College, London, 


414 Regulations for Graduation in Public Health. 


had three months’ instruction in Mensuration and Drawing under a 
teacher recognised for the purpose by the University Court. 

VI. There is a first examination for the degree of B.Sc. in Public 
Health in (1) Laboratory Work, the examination being practical, 
written, and oral; (2) in Physics ; and (3) in Geology, if an examina- 
tion in Physics or Geology, as the case may be, qualifying for graduation 
either in Science or Arts has not previously been passed by the candidate. 

VII. There is a second examination, written, oral, and as far 
as possible practical, for the degree of B.Sc. in Public Health in the 
following subjects, included in the course of instruction in Public Health 
—viz. (1) Sanitation, (2) Sanitary Law, (3) Vital Statistics, and (4) 
Medicine in its bearings on Public Health, and the examinations in these 
subjects are taken at one time. 

VIII. The Board of Studies for the Faculty of Science from time 
to time, with the approval of the Senatus, determines and announces 
the character of the instruction to be given in the Laboratory, and fixes 
the standard of the examinations. The examination in Sanitation, pro- 
vided for under this section, shall include Reports by the candidates on 
Dwellings, Workshops, Hospitals, and Sanitary Schemes generally. 

IX. It is competent for the University Court, after consultation with 
the Senatus, to modify from time to time the provisions as to the work 
and instruction hereinbefore specified as necessary for graduating in 
Science in Public Health, in case such modification may be rendered 
desirable by the development of the Science of Public Health, or by 
increase of the facilities provided in the said University or elsewhere 
for the study of any branch of the said Science. 


SCHEDULES OF THE SUBJECTS OF EXAMINATION. 
LABORATORY WORK. 


(1.) Examination of Water.—Physical Properties, Chemical Proper- 
ties, Microscopical Appearances, Pollution of Potable Waters. 

(2.) Axamination of Air.—Temperature, Pressure, Humidity; Car- 
bonic Acid, Ozone, Micro-organisms, Organic Matter, Noxious 
Emanations. 

(3.) Examination of Foods.—Milk, Butter, Butterine, or Oleomar- 
garine, Flour, Bread, Starchy foods, Sugar, Honey, Butcher meat, 
Fish, Vegetables. 

(4.) Examination of Beverages.—Tea, Coffee, Cocoa, Alcoholic 
Beverages, Aérated Waters. 

(5.) Axamination of Condiments.—Salt, Pepper, Mustard, Vinegar, and 
Preserves ; Examination of Lime Juice. Nutritive Value of Dietaries. 

(6.) Sewage.—Examination of sewage and of effluents after treatment. 

(7.) Sozls.—Temperature, Humidity, Permeability, Chemical Com- 
position, Gases of the Soil, Micro-organisms. 

(8.) Disinfectants and Deodorisers.—Chemical Examination of the 
Materials, Determination of their comparative power. 

(9.) Building Materials.—Chemical and Physical Properties. 


Regulations for Graduation in Public Health. 415 


(10.) Clothing.—Physical Properties of Clothing Materials. _ 

(11.) Bacteriology.—Micro-organisms in relation to Epidemic and 
other Diseases, Culture and recognition of Pathogenic and Non- 
Pathogenic, Aerobic and Anaerobic, Micro-organisms. 


PHYSICS. 


(1.) Laws of Motion and Properties of Matter.—Elasticity, Density, 
Porosity, Divisibility, Viscosity, &c. 

(2.) Elements of Dynamics of Solid and Fluid Bodies. 

(3.) Elementary Experimental Facts regarding Energy in the common 
phenomena of Sound, Light, Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism. 

(4.) Elements of Astronomy.—Causes of Tides, Eclipses, Aberration, 
Precession, &c. 


GEOLOGY. 


(1.) Dynamical Geology.—The nature and operation of Geological 
agents :—Rain, Underground Water, Rivers, Ice, the Sea, Earthquakes, 
Volcanoes, Movements of Upheaval and Depression. 

(2.) Mineralogy and Petrology.—Characters of the more common 
and widely-distributed minerals and rocks. 

(3.) Structural Geology.—The structure of rock-masses, more especi- 
ally Bedding, Joints, Faults, Intrusive Rocks. Water-supply and 
Draining in connection with Geological Structure. Nature and Origin 
of Soils and Sub-Soils. 


MEDICINE IN ITS APPLICATION TO PUBLIC HEALTH. 

The General Pathology of Endemic, Epidemic, and other morbid 
Processes induced by Environment. 

The Causes and Prevention of Endemic and Epidemic Diseases, as 
well as of Epizootics ; of the Contagious or Infectious Diseases ; and 
of those incidental to particular trades, or otherwise produced by the 
surroundings of the patient. Prophylaxis. Immunity,—conferred and 
acquired. Vaccination against disease. Nature and Value of Vaccines. 


SANITATION. 


(1.) Sete and Environment of Dwellings.—Influence of Position, 
Aspect, and Climate ; Meteorological and Geological Conditions ; Soil 
and Drainage. 

(2.) Water Supply.—Quantity per head ; Relative Eligibility of avail- 
able Sources of Supply; Estimation of yield; Methods of utilising 
various Sources of Supply ; Storage, Subsidence, and Filtration ; Dis- 
tribution—(a) General, (8) Domestic; Causes, Detection, and Treat- 
ment of contaminated Supply. 

(3.) Air Supply.—Quantity and Temperature, with knowledge of use 
of instruments employed in their Measurement ; Causes and Detection 
of Impurities; Warming and Ventilation ; Characteristics and Fitness 
of various methods in use. 

(4.) Excreta, Refuse, and Sewage.—Character and Quantity of in (a) 
Urban, (8) Rural Districts— 


416 Outline of Subjects of Examination in Public Health. 


A. Ccellection and Removal from (1) ‘the Dwelling, (2) the Town or 
Village; Nature, Practical details, and maintenance of the several 
methods employed. 

B. Disposal: (1) Sanitary, (2) Insanitary methods ; Precipitation, 
Filtration, Irrigation, Discharge ; General details of necessary works. 

(5.) General Structural and Mechanical Details of Sanitary Works.— 
Character, Fitness, and Qualities of Materials (Brick, Cement, Earthen- 
ware, Iron, Lead); Design, setting out, and laying of Sewers; 
Plumbing and Iron-work. 

(6.) Hospitals.—Principles of Design and Construction. 

(7.) Znfectious and Epidemic Diseases. —Origin, Modes of Propagation, 
and Means of Prevention ; Epizootics. 

(8.) Déstnfectants.— Selection and application. 

(9.) Effects of Insanitary Conditions.—Insufficient house accommoda- 
tion, Vitiation of Air, Impure Water, Bad or insufficient Food. 

(10.) Unhealthy Occupations.—Means of mitigating or removing their 
unhealthiness. 

(11.) Mezzsances.—Urban, Rural, and Domestic. 

(12.) Dzsposal of the Dead.—Burial, Cremation. 

N.&.—Candidates are required to be able to interpret plans sub- 
mitted to them, and to illustrate their answers when necessary by sketch 
plans and diagrams drawn to scale. 

SANITARY LAW.} 

Sanitary Administration. Laws affecting Factories, Workshops, 
Mines, Common Lodging-houses, Removal of Refuse, Nuisances, 
Rivers Pollution, Alkali Works, Burial Grounds, Unwholesome Food, 
Adulteration of Food and Drugs. Sale of Poisons. 


VITAL STATISTICS. 
Leading facts as regards Population, Birth and Death Rates, Distri- 
bution of Diseases. 


II.—DOCTORATE OF SCIENCE. 


X. Graduates who have held the degree of B.Sc. in Public Health 
from the University of Edinburgh for a term of five years may offer 
themselves for the degree of D.Sc. in Public Health in the said 
University. 

XI. Candidates for the degree of D.Sc. in Public Health must pre- 
sent a thesis, or a published memoir or works, to be approved by the 
Senatus, on the recommendation of the Faculty of Science, and are 
required to pass an examination in Public Health, and in such of its 
special departments as the Senatus, with the approval of the University 
Court, may determine. 

The theses, or published memoirs or works, must be records of 
original research undertaken by the candidates, and must be accom- 


1 A knowledge of the Sanitary Law of any part of the British Dominions will be 
sufficient. 


Regulations for B.Sc. in Agriculture. 417 


panied by a declaration, signed by them, that the work has been done 
and the theses or memoirs composed by themselves. 


GENERAL. 

XII. Candidates who produce certificates that they have satisfied all 
the conditions prescribed by this Ordinance, and who have passed 
the necessary examinations, are entitled to receive the degrees of 
B.Sc. in Public Health and D.Sc. in Public Health, as the case may 
be, on payment of the fees required. 

XIII. Students who, at the time when these Regulations come into 
operation, have completed a part of their course of study with a view 
to graduation in Science in Public Health in the University of Edin- 
burgh, under regulations in force at the time therein, and thereafter 
completes the course of study and passes the necessary examinations 
in conformity with such regulations, or with the provisions hereof may 
become candidates for the degree of B.Sc. in Public Health. 

XIV. The degrees of B.Sc. and D.Sc. in Public Health are in no 
case conferred on persons who have not complied with the conditions 
hereinbefore set forth, and are not conferred honoris caus tantum. 


IV.—AGRICULTURE. 


D.—REGULATIONS AND CURRICULUM FOR GRADUATION IN 
AGRICULTURE. 


Candidates who began attendance on Qualifying Science Classes before 
Ist October 1893, are referred to Calendar 1895-96, or to previous 
Calendars 

I. A degree of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture is conferred by 

the University of Edinburgh. 


I. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 


II. Every candidate for the degree of B.Sc. in Agriculture must 
pass the Preliminary Examination! prescribed for Degrees in Pure 
Science ; and the conditions imposed with respect thereto by the said 
Regulations are applicable in all respects to the Degree in Agricul- 
ture, except as follows :—The Preliminary Examination must be passed 
before the candidate presents himself for any part of the First Science 
Examination, but not necessarily before the candidate enters on his 
curriculum. 

COURSES OF INSTRUCTION, 

III. (1) Candidates must, in the course of not less than three 
Academical years (2.6. three Winter Sessions, or two Winter Sessions 
and three Summer Sessions), attend at least eleven courses of instruc- 
tion in subjects prescribed for examination under Section VIII. hereof. 

(2) It is the duty of the Senatus to determine from time to time 


See page 305. 
2. Ὁ 


418 Regulations for B.Sc. in Agriculture. 


which of the said courses are full courses and which are half courses 
respectively, and also to determine the number of meetings of which 
such full courses and half courses respectively shall consist, and to 
report its determination to the University Court for its approval. 

IV. (1) Five full courses or their equivalent (counting two half 
courses as one full course) must be taken in the University of Edinburgh, 
and must include the course in Agriculture and Rural Economy. 

(2) The remainder of the said courses may be taken in other Univer- 
sities or Institutions approved by the University Court, or under teachers 
recognised by the University Court for purposes of graduation in Science 
in Agriculture :1 Provided that the fees for attendance at an approved 
Institution in Edinburgh or under a recognised teacher there must not 
be less than the fees exigible for the corresponding courses in the 
University of Edinburgh. 

(3) Residence and practical work at a farm is required of each candi- 
date to such an extent and under such regulations as the Senatus, with 
the approval of the University Court, may from time to time appoint.” 

V. The University Court may make regulations to enable candidates, 
not matriculated students of the University of Edinburgh, availing 
themselves of the permission to attend lectures at approved Institutions 
or by recognised teachers in Edinburgh, to obtain, on payment of a fee 
not exceeding in amount the matriculation fee paid by the students of 
the University, a right to the use of the Library of the University. 

VI. (1) It is the duty of the Professors and Lecturers annually, at 
the end of each winter session, to submit to the Senatus a scheme 
specifying what proportion of the courses is to be devoted to lectures, 
practical demonstrations, examinations, and tutorial work respectively. 
The Senatus transmits such scheme, with such observations as it may 
think fit to make thereon, to the University Court for its approval. 

(2) It is the duty of the Professors and Lecturers annually at the 
end of each winter session to submit to the Faculty of Science, for its 
consideration, a syllabus of the subjects and books proposed for the 
work of their classes during the next Academical year. The Faculty of 
Science transmits such syllabus, with such observations as it may think 
fit to make thereon, to the Senatus for its approval. 

VII. The provisions of the preceding section do not apply to 
approved institutions or recognised teachers outside Edinburgh ; but 
the University Court will not grant or continue recognition to any 
Institutions or teachers unless it is satisfied that their courses of 
instruction are equivalent to the courses sanctioned in the University of 
Edinburgh, where such exist. 

VIII. The subjects of study are as follows :— 

1. Mathematics, or Biology (2,6. Zoology and Botany). 
2. Natural Philosophy. 
3. Chemistry. 


1 See footnote, p. 396. 
2 Residence and Practical work at a farm must be not less than twelve months, 


ΒΕ 


Regulations for B.Sc. in Agriculture. 419 


4. Agriculture and Rural Economy. 

5. Agricultural Chemistry. 

6. Geology, 

7. Veterinary Hygiene. 

8. Agricultural Entomology. 

9. Economic Science as applied to Agriculture. 

to. A course in one of the following :—(a) Forestry ; (4) 
Experimental Physics ; (c) Engineering. 

11. Engineering Field Work. 


II. SCIENCE EXAMINATIONS. 


(a) First Sctence Examination. 

IX. (1) There is a First Science Examination in the three following 
subjects—viz. (1) Mathematics, or Biology (2.6. Zoclogy and Botany) 
(2) Natural Philosophy ; (3) Chemistry. 

(2) The examination in all these subjects is the same as the examina- 
tion in these subjects for the degree of B.Sc. in Pure Science, as 
specified in the Regulations therefor. 

The following courses in this University qualify for the First Science 
Examination in Agriculture :— 

I. (1) Senior Mathematics of 100 Lectures, as for the degree in Pure 
Science, or (2) Biology (Zoology, Botany) as for Pure Science. 

2. Natural Philosophy, as for Pure Science. 

3. Chemistry, full course, as for Pure Science. 

(3) Candidates may present themselves in any one or more of the 
subjects of the First Science Examination at any examination held after 
they have attended a full course in the subject or subjects professed. 


᾽ 


(ὁ) Final Science Examination. 

X. (1) There is a Final Science Examination in the remaining 
subjects (4 to 11 inclusive) specified in Section VIII. hereof. 

(2) Candidates may present themselves in any one or more of these 
subjects at any examination held after they have passed the whole of 
the subjects comprised in the First Science Examination, and have 
attended the required courses in the subjects professed. 

The following courses qualify for the Final Science Examination in 
Agriculture :— 

1. Agriculture and Rural Economy—Full course of about 100 Lec- 
tures and 10 Field Demonstrations. : 

2. Agricultural Chemistry—Full course of about 100 hours, includ- 
ing practical work in the Laboratory. 

3. Geology—Half-course of 25 Lectures, 10 Demonstrations in 
Laboratory, and ὃ Field Demonstrations. 

4. Veterinary Hygiene—Half-course of about 50 Lectures. 

5. Agricultural Entomology—Half-course of about 20 hours. 

6. Economic Science, as applied to Agriculture—Half-course of 
about 40 Lectures—the Political Economy Class in Arts till Christmas, 


420 Outline of Exams. for B.Sc. in Agriculture. 


7. A course in one of the following :-— 

(a) Forestry—Full course of about 100 Lectures. 

(4) Experimental Physics—Full Laboratory course of 100 hours. 

(c) Engineering—Full course of about 100 hours. 

8. Engineering Field Work :—Half-course, extending over three 
weeks, 75 hours—Lectures, Drawing Office, and Field. 

XI. If a student, before passing the Preliminary Examination, has 
attended a class qualifying for graduation, the Senatus may, on special 
cause shown, permit him to count such class for graduation, on condi- 
tion of his passing the full Preliminary Examination within such time 
thereafter as the Senatus may appoint, and in every such case the 
Senatus reports to the University Court the reasons for the relaxation. 

XII. A candidate for the degree of B.Sc. in Agriculture shall not 
be deemed to have attended a class as part of the curriculum for that 
degree who does not present a certificate bearing not only that he 
has given regular attendance, but also that he has duly performed the 
work of the class. 


GENERAL. 


XIII. Candidates who produce certificates that they have satisfied 
all the conditions prescribed by these Regulations, and who have passed 
the necessary examinations, will be entitled to receive the degree of 
B.Sc. in Agriculture, on payment of the fees required. 

XIV. A student who, at the time when these Regulations came 
into operation, had completed a part of his course of study with 
a view to graduation in Science in Agriculture in the University of 
Edinburgh, under regulations in force at the time therein, and who 
thereafter completes his course of study and passes the necessary ex- 
aminations in conformity with such regulations, or with the provisions 
of these Regulations, may become a candidate for the degree of B.Sc. 
in Agriculture. 

XV. The degree of B.Sc. in Agriculture shall in no case be con- 
ferred on persons who have not complied with the conditions herein- 
before set forth, and shall not be conferred honoris causdé tantum. 


OUTLINE OF SUBJECTS OF EXAMINATION. 


FIRST BACHELOR OF SCIENCE EXAMINATION. 


i 


. (2) MATHEMATICS, or (ὁ) BIOLOGY (1.5. ZOOLOGY and 
BOTANY). 


NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 
3. CHEMISTRY (not including Practical Chemistry). 
The Examinations are the same as for the First B.Sc. in Pure 
Science. 


N 


Outline of Exams. for B.Sc. in Agriculture. 421 


FINAL BACHELOR OF SCIENCE EXAMINATION. 


I. AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ECONOMY: ITS SCIENTIFIC 
PRACTICE. 


1. Definition of Agriculture.—Aid given by the Allied Sciences. 

2. Surface Geology.—Formation and Classification of Soils—their 
Physical and Chemical Properties. Importance of Organic Nitrogen. 
Indications of good or bad Soils—the Methods of Management. 

3. Drainage. —Its Practice and Advantages — Irrigation—Wet- 
Warping — Mixing or Top-Dressing—Claying—Marling—Chalking— 
Liming—Paring and Burning—Clay-Burning. The Effect on Soils of 
Cultivation and the Growth of Plants. 

4. Implements and Machines of the Farm.—The Importance of their 
proper Construction and Careful. Management. 

5. Steam Cultivation.—Its Advantages and Disadvantages. 

6. The Motive Powers Employed on the Farm.—ist, Man; 2d, 
Horse; 3d, The Mechanical Powers (Water, Wind, and Steam)— 
their Comparative Values and Advantages. 

7. Farm Servants.—Their Labour and Wages — Day-work and 
Piece-work. Detailed and total costs of Horse and Hand Labour. 

8. The Importance of Rotations.—Different Rotations and reasons 
why they are adopted—Systems of Farming. 

9. Our Farm Crops (Grain, Root, Forage, and Hay Crops).—Their 
Selection and Growth—Prevention of Insect Injuries and Diseases. 

10. Ldentification of Grasses and other Valuable Pasture Piants.— 
Character and Habits of those of importance—Detection of Adultera- 
tions.—Regulations necessary to protect the Farmer in buying Seeds. 

11. Zhe Management of Permanent Pasture.—Proper Methods of 
making new Pasture—its After-treatment. 

12. Weeds tn Pastures and Means of Destroying them. 

13. Szlage and the System of Ensilage.—Its Advantages, &c.—Its 
Suitability and Unsuitability according to Locality. 

14. Manures.—Farm-yard Manure —its proper Mixing, Storing, 
and Application—its great advantage as a General Manure. Special 
Manures and so-called Artificials — their Uses, Abuses, and Adul- 
terations — the proper Times and Methods of their Application. 
The Value and Use of Liquid Manure and Town Sewage. 

15. Butldings and Fences.—The proper Construction of Fences— 
the General Arrangement of Farm-Buildings—the best Flooring and 
Inside Plans and Dimensions of Byres, Cattle-Sheds, Stables, &c.— 
Covered Yards—Ventilation—Drainage of Houses and Farm-yards. 

16. Live-Stock, embracing Cattle, Pigs, Horses, Sheep—The Various 
Breeds of each, and suitability of some to Local Conditions—‘‘ The 
Principles of Breeding.” Feeding and Management—Cost of Feeding 
—Proper Mixtures of Food to Use. Cost of the Production of a Stone 
of Beef, Mutton, and Pork, showing the Amount of Profit in each Case, 

17. Dairying in all its Branches, including the suitability or other- 


422 Outline of Exams. for B.Sc. in Agriculture. 


wise of surrounding Conditions—the proper Classes of Dairy Stock to 
keep, and their Management—the Treatment of Milk, and its Sale or 
Manufacture into Cheese, Butter, &c. 

18. Feeding Stuffs—Suitability of the Common Food Substances to 
the Different Classes of Farm Stock—The Purchase, Storing, and Ad- 
ministration of the same—their Manurial Residues. 


2. AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY. 


1. A/mosphere.—Relation of its Constituents and Conditions to Plant 
Life. 

2. Sols.—Origin, Formation, Composition, Biology, Amelioration. 

3. Plants.—Constituents, Germination, Nutrition, Maturation, Sym- 
biosis. 

4. Manures,—Nature, Uses, Application, Valuation, Compatibility, 
Exhaustion. 

5. Crops.—Classification, Relation, Preservation, Uses as Fodder, 
Residual Value. 

6. Animal Nutrition.—Nutritive Processes, Laws of Flesh and Fat 
Production, Digestibility of Fodders, Nutrient Ratio, Relation of 
Food to Work and to Manure. 

7. Dairy.—Composition of Dairy Preducts, Circumstances affecting 
Quantity and Quality, Scientific Management. 

(a) Qualitative Analysis. 

Tests for the detection of Potassium, Sodium, Ammonium, Mag- 
nesium, Calcium, Aluminium, Iron, Arsenic, Antimony, 
Copper, Lead, Mercury. 

Sulphate, Sulphite, Sulphide, Phosphate, Carbonate, Nitrate, 
Chloride, Acetate, Oxalate, Tartrate, Citrate. 

Sugars, Starches, Fats, Proteids. 

Chemical, Physical, and Microscopic Tests for Adulteration in 
Manures, Feeding Stuffs, and Dairy Produce. 

(6) Quantitative Analysis. 

Determination of Clay, Sand, Carbonates, Humus, and Moisture 
in Soils. 

Phosphoric Acid, Potash, Nitrogen, Lime, Magnesia, Insoluble 
Matter and Moisture in Soils and Manures. 

Albumen, Amides, Fat, Carbohydrates, Woody Fibre, and Ash 
in Fodders. 

3. GEOLOGY. 

(1.) Physical Geography and Dynamical Geology.—The nature and 
operation of Geological agents :—Rain, Underground Water, Rivers, 
Ice, the Sea, Life, Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Movements of Upheaval 
and Depression. 

(2.) Mineralogical and Petrological Geology.—Characters of the prin- 
cipal Rock-forming Minerals : Composition, Origin, and Distribution of 
the more important and commonly occurring Rocks. 


Outline of Exams. for B.Sc. in Agriculture. 423 


(3.) Structural Geology.—The Structure of Rock-masses, more espe- 
cially Bedding, Joints, Faults, and Denudation. 

(4.) Agricultural Geology.—Nature and Origin of Soils and Subsoils ; 
Draining in connection with Geological Structure ; Mineral substances 
used as Manures. 

4. VETERINARY HYGIENE. 

1. The Comparative Osteology (rudimentary) of the Horse, Ox, and 
Sheep. 

2. The Physiology of Dentition in Horse, Ox, Sheep, and Pig, 
more especially as indicative of the Age of the Animal. 

3. The Physiology of Gestation; the Diseases incidental to the 
pregnant state, and also those consequent to the act of parturition. 

4. Description of the Digestive Organs of the Horse, Ox, and Sheep 
(separately), also their Physiology, and most ordinary Diseases. 

5. Contagious and other Diseases of Farm Stock. Prevention and 
Treatment of Diseases. 

5. AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY. 

Insect pests of cultivated plants and of farm live stock. Methods of 
prevention of, and of remedy for, their attacks. Classification of 
insects, and details of their structure and life history, in so far as of 
economic importance. 


6. ECONOMIC SCIENCE AS APPLIED TO AGRICULTURE. 

1. The Food Supply of the United Kingdom. 2. The Wages of 
Agricultural Labour. 3. The Profits of the Farmer. 4. The Rent of 
Land and Causes of Variations in Rent. 5. Contracts for the Hire of 
Land. 6. The Risks of Long Leases. 7. Compensation for Improve- 
ments. 8. Fixity of Tenure and its Effects. 9. The Prices of Agri- 
cultural Produce. 10. Foreign Competition. 11. Effects of the 
Appreciation of Gold and the Depreciation of Silver. 12. Effects of 
various Imperial and Local Taxes on Agriculture. 

7 (a). FORESTRY. 

1. Sylviculture.—Atmosphere, Climate, and Soil, as affecting Forest 
Vegetation ; shape and development of forest trees ; pure and mixed 
woods ; the sylvicultural systems ; formation and tending of woods. 

2. Injuries to Standing Woods and their Protection.—Storms, fires, 
animals, fungi, weeds, frost, snow, &c. 

3. Utilisation of Produce. 

4. Structure, Classification, and Technical Properties of Timber. 

5. Forest Organisation.—The principles on which working plans are. 
based. 

6. Uses and Effects of Forests. 

7 (6). EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS. 

The Measurement of Physical Constants, such as— Gravitation, 
Specific Gravity, Specific Heat, Conductivity, Dilatation, Refractive 
Index, Magnetic and Electric Quantities, &c. 


424 Fees payable for Degrees in Science. 


7 (c). ENGINEERING. 

. Mechanics.—(a Pin cules of Statics; couples; moments ‘of 
as parallel and inclined forces; centre of gravity; moments of 
inertia ; friction. (4) Principles of Kinematics and Kinetics ; Newton’s 
laws of motion ; Conservation and transformation of energy. 

2. Strength and Properties of Structural Materials, including their 
fitness and adaptability, together with some knowledge of their cost. 

3. Strength and Stability of Structures.—General knowledge of the 
design, construction, and maintenance of Roads, Roofs, Bridges, Em- 
bankments, Retaining Walls, Aqueducts, and General Buildings. 

4. LHydraulics,—The laws governing the flow of water in open and 
closed channels, and its discharge through orifices ; Systems of Drain- 
age and Irrigation; Pumps, &c. 

5. Mechanism and Machinery.—General Principles and means of 
transmission, conversion, and modification of motion; general mill- 
wright work with special reference to the machines ordinarily em- 
ployed for agricultural purposes. 

6. Prime Movers. —A knowledge of the sources and modes of estimat- 
ing power; The Steam Engine; Pneumatic Machines; Hydraulic 
Motors, Water-wheels, Turbines, &c. 


8. ENGINEERING FIELD WORK. 
Surveying, with special reference to Estate and Parish Surveying, 
Levelling, Gauging of Streams and Rivers, Plotting of Surveys and 
Sections, Setting out of Work, and Calculation of Quantities. 


FEES FOR EXAMINATIONS FOR DEGREES. 
I. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION, 
The Fee is 105. 6d. for each appearance. 
2. FEES FOR EXAMINATIONS OR FOR REGISTERING EQUIVALENTS. 
(1) Pure Science, Engineering, and Public Health— 


First B.Sc. Examination, 7, ΞΕ τὸ 
(or for each subject, a 18. ) 
Second B.Sc. Examination, . ἣ 5 By 2.) 0) 
Doctor of Science, . 4 ὁ : ξ : 6 10. Ὁ 
Ἅ1Ὸ6 τὸ Ὁ 
(2) Public Health— 
First B.Sc. Examination, : : : i 5 AS hesiO 
Second B.Sc. Examination, . : : : 3 ΟῚ το 
For the Degree of Doctor, . 3 ; 2) - LOnLOMEO 
£16 16 ο 
(3) Agriculture— 
First B.Sc. Examination, «43 5. Ὁ 
(or for each subject, Li, Is. ) 
Second B.Sc. Examination, . Ξ 5 πος - 


Time-Table of Examinations, 1896-97. 425 


Candidates for the Degree of B.Sc. who fail to pass pay a fee of 
Ios. 6d. for re-examination in each subject, and Candidates for D.Sc. 
pay a fee of £5, 5s. for each re-examination. 

Every Candidate for Graduation must pay the Fee of £1 for Regis- 
tration as a Member of the General Council of the University, at 
least one clear day before the date of Graduation. 

All communications relating to the Curriculum and Examinations 
for Degrees, Fellowships, Scholarships, &c., in Science should be 
addressed to The Dean of the Faculty of Science, University, Edinburgh. 

All Examination, Matriculation, and Registration Fees are payable 
at the Matriculation Office, University. Candidates may pay the Fees 
personally, or transmit them to T. GILBERT, by Post Office, or Postal 
Orders, or by Bank Drafts, crossed ‘‘ Union Bank of Scotland (Hunter 
Square Branch), Edinburgh,” and not by cheques on private accounts. 


DATES OF EXAMINATIONS, FOR PRESENTING 
CERTIFICATES, AND PAYMENT OF FEES 
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION.? 


1806. 
Sept. 18. Fri. Names to be given in, and Fees paid, ov or before 
this date. 
59 Ae Ἐπ Italian, 2-5. 


26... Sat. English, 9-11, 12-2; Lower Greek, 3-6. 
», 28. Mon. Lower Latin, 9-12. 
Ὁ 20: bu: Higher Latin, 9-11, 12-2; French, Ist paper, 


-4. 30. 
>> 30. Wed. Higher Greek, 9-11, 12-2; German, Ist paper, 


-4.30. 
Oct. 1. Thur. Higher Mathematics, 9-11, 12-2; French, 2nd 
. paper, 3-5. : 
99. a. BRIE German, 2nd paper, 9-11; Dynamics, I-4. 
1897. 
Mar. 1. Mon. Names to be given in, and Fees paid, ov or before 
this date. 
a 20: ini. Italian, 2-5. 
ΠΣ 2 7. 2858: English, g-II, 12-2; Lower Greek, 3-6. 
», 29. Mon. Lower_Latin, 9-12. 
SOs Aas Higher Latin, 9-11, 12-2; French, Ist paper, 
3-4. 30. 

1 Candidates should apply for their Diplomas at the Matriculation Office, imme- 
diately after obtaining the Degree. There is no additional charge for the Diploma. 
Any Graduate who cannot apply personally for his Diploma, is required to give 
written authority to some person to receive and give a receipt for it. 

2 When names are not entered, nor fees paid, on or before the stated dates, a 
late-entry fee of ten shillings must be paid before the Candidate can be admitted to 


examination. A Candidate is not held to have entered for the examination until his 
name is entered, all the necessary certificates, &c., lodged, and the fee paid. 


426 Time-Table of Examinations, 1896-97. 


Mar. 3%. Wed. 


April 1. Thur. 


Su ee dob 


(ΙΓ: 
8: ΟΠ 


δ Ose. 


Mar, Ὁ. Tu. 


2) 24 W ed 
21 ΘΩ͂: 
April 1. Thur. 
Ὁ Mote 
Τν Fo. wri’ 
OS Pint 
Seam aus 


53) 10: - Mon: 


» 20. dau 


5, 21. Wed. 


1896. 
Oct. iz, hur, 


ον ΠΡ eA oe 


Higher Greek, 9-11, 12-2; German, Ist paper, 
3-4.30. 

Higher Mathematics, 9-11, 12-2; French, 2nd 
paper, 3-5. 

German, 2nd paper, 9-11; Dynamics, 1-4. 

First SCIENCE EXAMINATION. ! 

Names to be given in, Certificates shown, and Fees 
paid, ov or before this date. 

Mathematics, 9-11, 11.30-1.30; Natural Philosophy, 
2. 30-4. 30. 

Natural Philosophy, 9-11 ; Additional Mathematics 
for Engineering, 11.30-1.30, 2.30-4.30. 


Names to be given in, and Fees paid, ov or before 
this date. 

Certificates to be examined. 

Practical Chemistry, at hours to be announced (also 
on subsequent days if necessary). 

Chemistry, 10-12; Botany, 1-3; Oral Examination 
may begin ; Laboratory Work (Public Health), 
10-12; Physics (Public Flealth), 1 

Zoology, 10-12 ; Geology (Public Health), 1-3. 

Practical Work in Public Health Laboratory 
begins. 

Mathematics, 3-5. 

Mathematics, 9-11; Additional Mathematics for 
Engineering, 2-5; Drawing (Geometrical), 9-12. 

Natural Philosophy, 9-11, 11.30-1.30. 

Names to be given in, and Fees paid, ov or before 
this date. 

Certificates to be shown. 

Practical Chemistry at hours to be announced (also 
on subsequent days if necessary). 

Chemistry, 10-12; Botany, 1-3; Oral Examination 
may begin. 

Laboratory Work (Public Health), 10-12; Physics 
(Public Health), 1-3. 

Zoology, 10-12; Geology (Public Health), 1-3. 

Practical Work in Public Health Laboratory begins. 

FINAL SCIENCE EXAMINATION.} 

Names to be given in, Certificates shown, and Fees 
paid, ov or before this date. 

Zoology, 9-12 (Ist paper), 1-3 (2nd paper); Practical 
Examination at time to be arranged. 


1 See footnote 2, page 425. 


1896 


Oct. 


10. 


1897. 


Mar. 


23 
3» 


ΕΣ] 


39 


35 


” 


3) 


9. 


17: 
19. 


22. 


23. 
24. 


29. 


30. 


Time-Table of Examinations, 1896-97. 427 


Sat. 
Ti: 
Wed. 


Fri. 
Mon. 


cas, 
Wed. 


Thur. 


Mon. 
ΤῸ, 


Wed. 


Thur. 
Fri. 


Fri. 
Mon. 


Alar. 
Wed. 


Astronomy, 9-12 (Ist paper), I-3 (2nd paper). 


Names to be given in, and Fees paid, ov ov before 
this date. 

Economic Science (Agriculture), 9-11. 

Certificates to be examined. 

Botany, 9-12 (Ist paper), 1-3 (2nd paper) ; Practical 
Examination at time to be arranged ; Veterinary 
Hygiene, 1-3. 

Medicine (Public Health), 10-12; Sanitary Law, 1-3; 
Vital Statistics, 4-6. 

Sanitation, 10-12, 1-43; Geology (Agriculture and 
Engineering), 1-3. 

Agriculture, 9-12; Agricultural Chemistry, 1-3; 
Practical Examination in Agricultural Chemistry, 
at time to be arranged. 

Oral and Practical Examinations in Public Health 
subjects begin. 

Physiology, 9-12 (Ist paper), I-3 (2nd paper); 
Practical Examination at time to be arranged. 

Mathematics, 9-12, 2-5 ; Engineering, 9-11, 3-5. 

Mathematics, 9-12; Natural Philosophy, 2-5 ; 
Engineering, 9-12; Dynamics (Engineering), 2-5. 

Natural Philosophy, 9-12, 2-5; Experimental 
Physics, 9-12; Engineering, 9-11; Engineering 
(Agriculture), 9-11 ; Experimental Physics (Agri- 
culture), 3-5. 

Agricultural Entomology, 9-11 ; net II. 30- 
1-30 ; Drawing (Engineering), Q-12, 2-5. 

Names to be given in, and [ees paid, "on or before 
this date. 

Certificates to be examined. 

Chemistry, 9-12 (Ist paper), I-3 (2nd paper) ; 
Practical Examination at time to be arranged. 
Geology, 9-12 (Ist paper), 1-3 (2nd paper) ; Practical 

Examination at time to be arranged. 

Human Anatomy (including Anthropology), 9-12 
(1st paper), I-3 (2nd paper) ; Practical Examina- 
tion at time to be arranged. 


Docror OF SCIENCE.! 


D.Sc. Candidates are required to lodge their Theses and proof of 
their eligibility with the Dean of the Faculty of Sctence at the Matricu- 
lation Office, and to pay the Fees on or before 30th April of the year in 


which they propose to graduate. 


1 See footnote 2, page 425 


428 Degrees tn Sctence—Lngineering. 


Examination Papers for Degrees in Science. 


PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 
[For Papers in the Preliminary Subjects, see pages 157-216. 


FIRST SCIENCE EXAMINATION. 


Pure Science, 

[For Papers in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, see Papers in 
these Subjects for the Degree of M.A.; and for Papers in Chemistry, 
Botany, and Zoology, see Papers for First Professional Examination for 
Degrees in Medicine.) 


Engineering, 


MATHEMATICS. 
(Adattional to Pass Examination for ordinary Degree of M.A.) 


Tuurspay, 27d April 1896.—2 to 5 o'clock. 


1. Find the equation to the tangent to an ellipse at a 
point on it whose eccentric angle is given. 

Shew that the chord joining the extremities of two conju- 
gate diameters of an ellipse constantly touches another ellipse. 

Determine the maximum and minimum values of the 
length of this chord. 

2. Find the locus of the middle points of a system of 
parallel chords of a parabola. 

Find the locus of the points of trisection of the same 
system. 

3. Prove that if 

xy: t=alt+bt+e: αν δέ: αἰ - δ΄ 1: Εἰ 

¢ being a variable parameter, the locus of the point (x,y) is 
aconic. Find the values of ¢ for which (xy) lies at infinity, 
and the condition that the curve is an ellipse. If a’ =c’ =o, 
shew that the curve is a hyperbola and find its eccentricity. 

4. State and prove the theorem of Leibniz. 

Find the zth differential co-efficient of 1/(«? -- 45 + 3). 


2n 


ad 
Shew that the value of Fyn cos x), when x is put 


equal to zero, is equal to the real part of (1 +7)?” 


Degrees in Science—Engineering. 429 


5. Shew how you would proceed to find the maximum 
and minimum values of a function of a single variable, and 
to discriminate between them. 

The base a, and the vertical angle A, of a triangle ABC 
are kept fixed. Prove the following relations :— 

ab(6-—¢ cos A)+ac(c—b cos A)=o (i) 
64} -—tan Badb=o (il.) 

Find the maximum value for the sum of the perpendiculars 
of the triangle. 

6. If a point move so that the sum of its distances from 
two fixed points 4,4 is constant, shew that the tangent and 
normal to its locus divide 44 externally and internally in 
the same ratio. 

Shew that the curve is an ellipse and determine its axes. 

7. Find the equation to the normal at any point of the 
eurve f(x,y) =o. 

Shew that in general nine normals may be drawn from a 
given point to the curve 

(x/a)?-+ (v0) = 1 
and that of the normals from the origin only three are real. 
Find the points in which these three meet the curve. 
Trace the curve «*—y*=axy. 


ad 
8. How far does the symbol oe obey the fundamental 
laws of Algebra? 


a 
Shew that ( =, + 4a* )” cosh ax cos ax=o. 
ax 


If a, is the co-efficient of x.” in the expansion of είτε > 

in ascending powers of x, shew that 
(t+ 1) n+. + (206+ 1)an + (σι -1)an-~=0 
and obtain the expansion to +, 

9. If f(x) is finite and continuous from «=a to «=é 
and xj, %,..., %, are 21 arithmetic means between a and ὦ, 
then (x, — a) f(a)+(%,—+,) f(x) +... +(6—2n) f (en), and 
(5; — @) f(xy) + (55 -- αἱ) f(%2) Ὁ ... +(6-4n) 7, (6) tend to 
the same limit when 2: becomes infinite. 


430 Degrees in Science— Engineering. 


Shew that | dx f(a-x)= | dx J (a+). 


_ to. Shew how to find the length of the arc of a curve 
whose equation in Cartesian co-ordinates is given. 

Find the length of the arc of the curve y = = ( oie 4) 

2a\e τ ὁ 
lying between the points on it whose .x-co-ordinates are 
o and α. 

Find the area of the sector cut off between the are and 
the chord joining these two points. 

11. Shew how to integrate 7=/ (~)/9(x), where f(x) and 
g(x) are rational integral functions of «, and give some of 
the standard types for the integrals on which the value of Z 
may be made to depend. 


Integrate fas(ga” + 4)/(#°+4x+3) (i) 
| ἄν αι + x2)3 (ii.) 
| dx|(1 + x2)? (iii.) 


12. If y be a function of x, and x= ¢(0), find the value 
of ἄν ἄχ, and d*y/dx as functions of θ, and the differential 
co-efficients of y with respect to 4. 

Find what the equation 

adi(m—xn cos ~)'-a?(m—n cos 6)'=0 
becomes, as a relation in x and γ, when cos (6+ Φ) 2 =., cos 
θ--φ 
το 

13. If α and β are two roots of the equation f(x)=o 
connected by the relation «=9(8), shew that, provided 
certain conditions be satisfied, the solution of the original 
equation may be made to depend on the solutions of 
equations of lower degree. 

Find the roots of the equation 2. + 5.x? + 5x + 3 =o being 
given that one of the roots is the square of another. 

14. Shew that all radii vectores cut the curve γ-- «εἶθ 
(polar co-ordinates) at the same angle. 


Degrees tn Science—Public Health. 431 


Find the area traced out by the radius vector in one 
revolution from the position é=0, and the length of the 
corresponding part of the curve. 


Public Wealth, 
LABORATORY WORK. 
Monpay, 237¢ March 1896.—10 ¢o 12 o’clock. 


1. As Medical Officer of Health your attention is directed 
to an epidemic of sore throat—what steps would you take 
to determine, bacteriologically, whether it is Diphtheria or 
not ? 

2. What is meant by the terms Relative and Absolute 
Humidity of the Atmosphere? By what methods is the 
latter determined ? 

3. Describe the Pasteur‘Chamberland Water-Filter. 


PRACTICAL WORK. 


The following are examples of what have been given at the 
Examinations :— 


(This part of the Examination lasts four days.) 


I. Quantitative determination of— 
(1) Carbonic Acid, and 
(2) Ammonia in the Atmosphere. 
2. Bacteriological examination of Soil, and making cul- 
ture media. 
3. Analysis of, and report on, a sample of potable water. 
Each Candidate must recognise Bacteriological Cultures 
by means of Cultivation, Staining, and Microscopical 
Examination. 


’ 


RELYSIGS. 
Monpay, 237d March 1896.—1 to 3 o'clock. 


(Stix Questions at most to be answered.) 


τ. Explain how force is measured (1) in gravitation units, 
(2) in absolute units. What are the causes which produce 
variation in the gravitation unit ? 


432 Degrees in Science—Public Health. 


2. Explain how to measure (1) the compressibility, (2) the 
rigidity of an isotropic elastic substance, and explain gener- 
ally their relation to the propagation of wave disturbance in 
the substance. 

3. What is meant in the theory of capillarity by “the 
angle of contact”? Assuming it to be obtuse for any given 
liquid and solid exposed to air, explain the behaviour of the 
liquid in a capillary tube of the given solid. 

4. Give the laws of reflection and refraction of light. 
Draw a diagram to show the course of a ray to the eye 
from a point of an object seen (1) after reflection in two 
plane mirrors inclined at an angle to one another, (2) after 
refraction through a double convex lens used as a magnifier. 

5. Define the unit of heat, and explain its relation to the 
mechanical unit. 

How many units of heat would be required (1) to evaporate 
το lbs. of a liquid whose latent heat is 50, (2) to supply for 
5 hours an engine of 20 h.p. and efficiency 4. 

6. Explain the terms “ phase,” “amplitude,” and “period” 
in relation to wave-motion, and illustrate by reference to the 
phenomena known as “‘ Newton’s Rings.” 

7. Draw diagrams showing the formation of nodes and 
loops in an organ pipe. Why is there a difference in the 
quality of the notes produced by an open and a closed pipe? 

8. Describe the Leyden Jar. 

If a charged jar and an uncharged jar are connected by 
joining their interior coatings and also their exterior coatings, 
show that there is a loss of energy, and account for it. 

g. Give Ohm’s and Joule’s Law in Current Electricity. 

In one of two conductors a current of 2 amperes generates 
5 units of heat per second; and in the second, 4 amperes 
generates 10 units of heat per second. What is the ratio of 
the resistance of the two conductors ? 


Ww 


Degrees in Science—Pure Science. 43 


FINAL SCIENCE EXAMINATION. 


Pure Science, 


MATHEMATICS. 
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 


The papers in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy are the same 
as for the Degree of M.A. with Honours in Mathematics and Natural 
Philosophy. 


EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS. 
WepnEspay, 1st April 1896.—g fo 12 o'clock. 
(Eight Questions at most to be ansivered.) 


A. Point out which of the following experimental data 
can be obtained by direct measurement, describing the 
details of one method for the purpose. In the cases where 
direct measurement is impossible, show what connected 
quantities have to be determined and how the required 
datum can be deduced from them :— 

(1) The refractive index of a transparent substance for 
light of a given wave-length. 

(2) The specific heat of a liquid. 

(3) The effect of pressure on the freezing-point of water. 

(4) The density of saturated steam at 120° C, 

(5) The Dip. 

(6) The Thermo-electric position of a metal. 

(7) The Critical Temperature of Oxygen. 

(8) The Specific Inductive Capacity of Vulcanite. 

(9) The Thermal conductivity of marble. 

(10) The rate of interdiffusion of two gases. 

B. Show how to cut, and adjust— 

(11) A crystal of Iceland spar so as to construct a Nicol 
prism. 

(12) A crystal of Aragonite so as to exhibit external 
conical refraction. 

25 


434 Degrees in Science-—-Pure Science. 


ASTRONOMY. 
FIRST PAPER. 
SATURDAY, τή October 1895.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


1. Show that the Equation of Time vanishes four times 
ina year. If & be the maximum separation of the mean 
and true places of the Sun in the Ecliptic, show that the 
greatest equation of time caused by the Sun’s unequal 
motion in the Ecliptic is 

E cos ὦ sec? ὃ. 

2. What is meant by the Aberration of Light? If «and 
V be respectively the orbital velocity of the Earth and the 
velocity of light, show that approximately 


(PIS 5 
tan Aberrn. = Τ᾽ sin θ- 


3. Describe generally the method of determining the 
Sun’s parallax by the Transit of Venus. Distinguish care- 
fully between the methods known as Halley’s and Delisle’s. 

4. Distinguish between Geographical Latitude (Φ) and 
Geometric Latitude (¢’). Show that 


tan go ὁ: 
tang a 

where a and ὁ represent the semi-axes of a terrestrial 
meridian. 


4 


SECOND PAPER. 


SATURDAY, 12th October 1895.—1 10. 3 clock. 


1. If the meridian transits of two stars, with declinations 

ὃ and 6, be observed with a Transit Instrument in Latitude 
9, show that the Azimuthal Error of the Instrument is 
given by 

A cos ὃ cos 6 

cos 9 sin (6+ 0’). 
What is the meaning of A in this expression, what the effect 
of its sign? 


Degrees in Science—Pure Science. 435 


2. Deduce expressions, conveniently arranged for logar- 
ithmic calculation, for the conversion of Celestial Longitude 
and Latitude, into Right Ascension and Declination. If a 
small error exist in the assumed obliquity, determine its 
effect on the computed Right Ascension and Declination. 

3. In the case of a defective screw, show how the true 
linear motion of the micrometer can be derived from the 
screw readings. 

4. Give a diagram showing the essential parts of a Sextant. 
Describe the Vernier and its divisions. Explain the method 
of determining the latitude by circum-meridian altitudes of 
the sun. 

CHEMISTRY. 
FIRST PAPER. 
Monpay, 227d July 1895.—g 20 12 o'clock. 

1. How can pure Alumina be prepared from a mixture of 
Aluminic Hydrate and Ferric Hydrate? How could you 
prove that the Alumina so obtained is free from Iron ἢ 

2. Discuss the arguments for and against the existence of 
Hydrogen Carbonate, Hydrogen Chromate, and Ammonium 
Hydrate in aqueous solution. 

3. Give examples of Dihydric and Trihydric Alcohols, 
and describe the action of Hydrochloric Acid upon them. 

4. What are the conditions which determine whether ice 
or salt will separate when a solution of salt is cooled ? 
What is a Cryohydrate ἢ 

5. In what respects do Phenols differ in chemical proper- 
ties from Alcohols of the fatty series ? 


SECOND PAPER. 
Monpay, 222d July 1895.—1 to 3 o'clock. 
(Five Questions to be answered.) 


τ. Howare the higher Sulphides of Arsenic and Antimony 
prepared ? 

2. What is the action of Oxygen on Phosphuretted 
Hydrogen at low pressures ? 


436 Degrees tr Science—Pure Science. 


3. What regularity is observed on examining the specific 
rotatory power of dilute aqueous solutions of the various 
salts of one and the same optically active base or acid? 
Discuss this regularity from the point of view of the disso- 
ciation theory of solution. 

4. What are the general characters, as regards crystalline 
form, of substances which rotate the plane of polarisation, 
(a) in solution, (2) in the crystalline state? Give examples. 

5. Describe the chief compounds of Lead which occur 
native. 

6. A gaseous mixture containing Methane, Oxygen, 
Hydrogen, and Nitrogen, has to be analysed. For this 
purpose it is mixed with more Oxygen and exploded. 

The following are the data obtained :— 


Volume taken, ; : : 20.0NGAG: 
Oxygen added, : ᾿ ; 20.0.5 
Contraction on explosion, ; 22 nae 
CO, in residue, ‘ ; : Ὁ) 6). ως 
O, in residue, ᾿ : Piso FS 


Calculate the percentage composition. 

7. What is the constitution of Pyromucic Acid? Give 
the evidence. How is Pyromucic Acid related to Mucic 
Acid? How is Furfuran obtained ἢ 

8. How is Aldol prepared? Give other examples of this 
kind of condensation. 

g. Discuss the attitude of Cavendish towards the Phlo- 
giston theory ; and in particular, his views with respect to 
the following :— 

(a) The identity of “ inflammable air” and phlogiston. 

(ὁ) The position of ‘‘ Muriatic Acid” in its relation to 
Lavoisier’s generalisation as to the chemical nature of acids. 


HUMAN ANATOMY, 1ncLupiInc ANTHROPOLOGY 
FIRST PAPER. 


WEDNESDAY, 24¢/ July 1895.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


1. State the parts of the body in which Mucous Mem- 
branes are found. Describe the characters of the Epithelium 


Degrees in Science—Pure Science. 437 


in the Mouth, Cisophagus, Stomach, Large Intestine and 
Bronchial Tubes. 

2. Describe the anatomy of the Hip Joint, and explain 
the mechanical arrangements which keep the joint extended 
in the erect posture. 

3. Write an account of the arrangement of the convolu- 
tions of the Frontal Lobe of the Cerebrum. 

4. Explain the developmental significance of the Urachus, 
Eustachian Valve, Ligamentum Arteriosum and obliterated 
Umbilical Vein. 


SECOND PAPER. 
WEDNESDAY, 24¢h July 1895.—1 20 3 o'clock. 


τ. State the characters of the Skull to be seen in the 
norma verticalis, Explain the terms cryptozygous and 
phzenozygous. 

2. Between what points would you measure the height of 
the Cranium. Suppose a skull to be 178 mm. long by 134 
mm. in height, how would you calculate the vertical index ? 

3. How would you measure the transverse and conjugate 
diameters of the pelvic brim? How do you ascertain the 
brim index? What do you understand by a dolichopellic 
and a brachypellic pelvis Ὁ 

4. Define the terms platymery, platyknemic, dolicho- 
knemic. How do you ascertain the dolichoknemic index ? 

5. What measurements of the parts of the body are taken 
in the anthropometrical system of M. Bertillon ? 


GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY. 
FIRST PAPER. 
TUESDAY, 237d July 1895.—9 to 12 o'clock. 
(Light Questions only to be attempted.) 


1. What is the nature of an Earthquake? 

2. Explain the causes of Landslips. 

3. Give some account of the Felspathoids. Describe the 
rocks in which they occur as essential constituents. 


438 Degrees tn Science—Pure Science. 


4. Define the Hexagonal System, and describe three 
minerals belonging to it. 

5. What are Granulitic, Pegmatitic,and Ophitic Structures? 

6. How would you distinguish Rhyolite, Andesite, and 
Basalt from each other ? 

7. Draw sections to illustrate (2) Mountains of Accumu- 
lation, (4) Mountains of Elevation, and (c) Mountains of 
Circumdenudation. 

8. Make a table of the Mesozoic Systems in England, 
and mention some fossils characteristic of each. 

9. In what geological systems do we meet with the most 
marked evidence of former land surfaces ? 

10. Describe the structure and give the geological range 
of Prerodactylus, Encrinus, Ceratites. 


SECOND PAPER. 
TUESDAY, 237d July 1895.—1 to 3 o'clock. 

1. Describe the Igneous rocks and the geological structure 
of Arthur Seat. 

2. Give some account of the Odontornithes. 

3. How do the general configuration and the geological 
structure of the Alps indicate the recent elevation of that 
chain ? 

4. State the arguments in favour of the doctrine of the 
continuity or permanence of continental and oceanic areas. 


ΒΟΤΑΝΥ. 
FIRST PAPER, 
Monpay, 237d March 1896.—9 to 12 oclock. 


1. Write an historical account of the stelar theory of 
tissue arrangement. 

2. Discuss the question of the affinities of the Uredinez. 

3. What modifications of structure are found in plants 
to enable them to resist drought. Illustrate your answer 
by examples drawn from as many natural orders as possible. 

4. Write a short essay on the principles of a natural 


Degrees in Science—Pure Sctence. 439 


classification, and show how you would apply them to 
arrange the members of the Algz. 

5. Discuss the question of the relationship of plant- 
movement to light. 


SECOND PAPER. 
Monpay, 2372 March 1896.—1 fo 3 o'clock. 
(Lilustrate your Answers by Drawings.) 


1. Write a short account of the process of Carbon- 
Assimilation in green plants. 

2. Describe the structure of the root in a monocotyle- 
donous plant. Show how the structure you describe is 
related to the functions performed by the root. 

3. What is meant by Definite Inflorescence? Classify 
the forms of this inflorescence, and give an example of each. 

4. Compare the chief stages in the life-histories of a moss 
and a fern. 

5. Describe the fruit in Cruciferee, Orchidee, Graminez, 
Umbelliferee. 


PRACTICAL: BOTANY. 
WEDNESDAY, 25¢4 March 1896.—10 720 τ o'clock, 


1. Make a series of sections illustrating the structure of 
Specimen A. Mount and leave for inspection. Write a 
description of the structures observed and give illustrative 
drawings. 


2 to 5 o'clock. 


2. With the aid of the Flora given you, determine the 
Genus and Species of Specimens B and C. 

3. Refer Specimens D, E, F, and G, to their natural orders, 
giving your reasons. 

4. Identify and briefly describe Specimens H, I, J, K, L, 
ΝΙΝ, Ὁ P; O. 

(a) Cassiope tetragena. (b) Tussilago farfara. (ὦ) Saxt- 
Jraga oppositifolia. (a) Franciscea calycina, (e) Corydalis 


440 Degrees in Science— Engineering. 


nobilis. (f) Astilbe Japonica. (9) Euphorbia Jacquinae- 
flora. (h) Trichogyne of Callithamnion plumosum. (t) 
Section of capsule of Capsella bursa-pastoris showing em- 
bryoes. (7) Stone cells of Pyvws. (4) Section of male flower 
of Juniperus communis. (2) Infloresence of Dielytra specta- 
bilis. (m) Nectria cinnabarina. (n) Lathrea squamarta. 
(0) Anthoceros laevis. (2) Germinating sclerotium of C/aze- 
ceps purpurea. (9) Phallus impudicus. 


Engineering, 
ENGINEERING. 


Monpay, 30¢k March 1896.—g to 11 clock. 


τ. Explain how you would set out a circular curve for a 
railway—(1) with a Theodolite ; (2) with chain and tape. 

A curve is 20 chains radius. What is the length of the 
off-set from the tangent and from the chord produced for 
each chain length ? 

2. Describe how to find the Metacentre of a ship. In 
vessels of ordinary form, within what angle of inclination 
may the Metacentre be taken as a fixed point? 

A cargo steamer of Rectangular section has a displace- 
ment of 5000 tons, and the Metacentre height is 3 feet. The 
engines are assisted by canvas which heels the vessel over 
9 degrees.—What is the moment of stability ? 

(Sine of 9° is +1564.) 
Where is the Metacentre when the moment of stability is 
zero P 

3. A cast-iron beam is 12 inches in depth over all. The 
upper flange is 14 inches thick and 4 inches broad, the lower 
flange τῇ inches thick and 8 inches broad, thickness of web 
11 inches. What is the distance of the neutral axis from 
lower edge of beam ? 

4. Describe the terms clearance and cushjoning in a steam 
engine cylinder, and the benefits supposed to be derived by 
using a steam jacket. Also sketch an indicator diagram 
and mark clearly the points of admission, cut off, and 
opening of exhaust. 


Degrees tn Science—Engineering. 441 


5. Design cross sections giving figured sizes of an iron 
plate girder for a span of too feet to carry 1 ton per lineal 
foot of girder—(a) Section at centre of span; (6) Section at 
10 feet from support. Show clearly the size and number of 
plates you would use in the booms and the number and size 
of rivets. ~ 


Note.—AW// answers should, as Jar as possible, be tllustrated 
by sketches or diagrams. 


Mowpay, 30¢ March 1896.—3 to 5 o'clock. 


1. (2) What is meant by parallax in a theodolite, and 
how is it corrected ? 

(ὁ). How is the line of Collimation adjusted ? 

2. A Steam Boiler is 15 feet long and 5 feet diameter, 
having a pressure of 120 Ibs. per square inch. Thickness 
of plate 1 inch. State the stress on the shell longitudinally 
and transversely. If the longitudinal seam instead of being 
parallel were made at 45° to the axis, would it tend to increase 
or decrease the stress on the seam, and in what proportion? 

Give a good reason for making the seam parallel with the 
axis. 

3. What should be the pitch of the rivets that will give 
the strongest double-rivetted lap joint for a boiler made of 
plates 1 inch thick, and what is the efficiency compared 
with the strength of the material Ὁ 


(d=1-2, /Z.) 


4. It is desired to guage the quantity of water flowing in 
a stream by putting a weir across it. What is the greatest 
width the notch in the weir should be, compared with the 
width of the stream? Why is it desirable to obtain still 
water above the weir, and that the tail water should have a 
free overfall ? 

The notch in a weir is 5 feet wide; the still water is 10 
inches above the knife edge.—What is the quantity of water 
flowing over it ? 


442 Degrees in Science 


Engineering. 


5. An open rectangular flume conveys water which it is 
proposed to carry across a valley through an inverted syphon 
1000 feet long and 12 inches diameter. The flume is 
3 feet wide and the water 2 feet deep ; average velocity is 
6 inches per second. 

What must be the difference of level between the ends of 
the inverted syphon pipe? 


Note.—A/l/ answers should, as far as possible, be illustrated 
by sketches or diagrams. 


TUESDAY, 315¢ March 1896.—9 20 11 o'clock. 


1. State, and indicate the proof of, the Prismoidal 
Formula, as applied to the calculation of the cubic con- 
tents of earthwork. Are there any cases in which the use of 
the method of mean areas is to be preferred ? 

2. In a braced girder, a horizontal pin is held in equili- 
brium by five bars, radiating from it at equal angles in 
a vertical plane, and, taken in order, are numbered (1), (2), 
(3), (4), (5) respectively. The stress on (1) is a tension of 
5, that on (3) a tension of 3, and that on (4) a tension of 2. 
Construct the polygon of forces for the pin, and determine 
the nature and amount of the stresses in the remaining bars 
(2) and (5). 

3. Describe the action of (a) the Poncelet, (4) the Pelton 
water-wheel, and state how, in each case, the maximum 
theoretical efficiency may be found. Under what con- 
ditions, as regards water supply, would you recommend the 
use of one or other of these machines ? 

4. The walls of a building are 18” thick and 50 ft. apart. 
The roof, which is carried on wrought iron trusses, spaced 
ro ft. apart, is loaded, vertically, with τό lbs. per foot of the 
area covered, and normally, with a wind pressure of 20 Ibs. 
per foot on the left side of the roof surface. 

Choose a suitable form of truss for the conditions stated, 
and determine the nature and amount of the stress in each 
of its members. Design, also, as many of the structural 
details as you are able. 


Degrees in Science—Engineering. 443 


5. Using the subjoined data, and assuming the steam 
ports to be 23” wide, determine, by means of a Zeuner 
diagram, the angle of advance of the eccentric, and the 
maximum openings for admission and exhaust.—Travel of 
slide valve, 54”; outside lap, 14”; inside lap, 4”; lead, 


3 uM 


ie 5 cut off, 2 of stroke. 


NOTE. 


All answers should, as far as possible, be illustrated 
by sketches or diagrams. 


WEDNESDAY, Ist April 1896.—g Zo 11 o'clock. 


1. Compare the Sextant and the Theodolite as surveying 
instruments, and describe the permanent adjustments of 
each. 

2. Three shear-legs, each 15 ft. long, support from their 
apex a load of 2 tons. Their feet, which rest on level 
ground, are coincident with the angles of a triangle, the 
sides of which, taken in order, are τὸ ft., 12 ft., and 14 ft. 
respectively. Determine the stress in each of the legs. 

3. Supposing you were supplied with a bar of good York- 
shire iron, describe minutely how you would proceed to test 
it so as to determine (a) the tensile stress at the yield 
point ; (4) the stress and elongation at maximum load ; (c) 
the contraction of area at fracture ; and state approximately 
what you would expect the result to be in each case. 

4. State fully the consideration that would guide you in 
deciding between a River and a Catchment-basin as the 
source of a town’s water supply, and mention the structural 
works that would, in a general way, be necessary to render 
each source available. What is a “ hydraulic gradient,” and 
what has it to do with the size and arrangement of a system 
of water mains ἢ 

5. In a jacketed cylinder, dry saturated steam expands 
from an absolute pressure of 120 lbs. per square inch, and 
348° F. temperature, to an absolute pressure of 30 lbs. per 
square inch, and 250° F. Assuming the steam to be dry at 
the end of the stroke, and the expansion curve a rectangular 


444 Degrees in Sctence—Engineering. 


hyperbola, calculate the quantity of heat supplied per pound 
of steam, during the forward stroke. (Hypo log 4= 1.384; 
one pound dry steam at 250° F.=13.5 cubic feet.) 


NotEe.—A// answers should, as far as possible, be illustrated 
by sketches or diagrams. 


DRAWING. 
Tuurspay, 27d April 1896.—9 10 12 o'clock. 
I.—PLANE GEOMETRY. 


1. Construct a triangle 4.8.0, whose perimeter is 15? 
inches ; altitude, 3,3, inches; base, 44, ΟΣ inches. A 
point O, within the triangle, is distant 33 inches from 4 
and 3} inches from 3. Divide the triangle into 5 equal 
parts by lines drawn from the point O. 

2. The diameters of two spur wheels are 24 inches and 
36 inches ; the pitch is 24 inches, and the teeth are cycloidal 
with radial flanks. 

Draw a pair of teeth in contact, of such a length that two 
pairs of teeth may always be in contact. Mark the path of 
contact and the arcs of contact. 

3. Given the proportions of the Roberts parallel motion. 
(See sketch.) Winks AC and BD are of equal length, and 
swing about centres 4 and 2. Find the path of the point 
FP which is rigidly attached at distance CP=DP=AC, 
from centres C and 2), to the coupler CD. 

IJ.—SoLip GEOMETRY. 

1. An indefinite line, inclined to the horizontal plane at 
40°, is the intersection of two planes, one inclined at 53°, 
the other at 60°. Show them by their traces. 

2. Given the plan of two pyramids which penetrate, the 
bases of both being on the horizontal plane. (See sketch.) 
Determine the lines of interpenetration. 

3. Make an Isometric projection of a hexagonal nut for 
a 14-inch bolt. The nut is to be of the usual proportions 
and design, and the top is to be seen as it rests on one of its 
flat sides. 


Degrees in Scitence—Engineering. 445 


TuHurspay, 27d April 1896.—2 fo 5 o'clock. 


From one or other of the figured sketches supplied— 
(1) Regulator Valve for a Locomotive Engine ; 
(2) Railway Bridge :— 

make the detailed drawings indicated. 


DYNAMICS. 
TUESDAY, 31s¢ March 1896.—2 to 5 oclock. 


1. Two equal triangles so move in a plane that the 
relative motions of corresponding corners are equal simple 
harmonic motions, in parallel lines but with phases differ- 
ing by constant angles. How do the triangles, themselves, 
move ? 

2. Investigate the form of path of a projectile at the 
earth’s surface, neglecting the resistance of the air. What 
is the least velocity of projection which will enable a ball 
just to clear a wall 20 feet high at a distance of 30 yards? 

3. A wheel of mass 40 lbs., and radius of gyration 4 feet, 
is set In motion by the descent of a 2-lb. mass attached to 
the end of a flexible cord which is coiled round the 6- 
inch axle. The cord slips off when wholly. uncoiled ; 
and the wheel, which is then found to be rotating with unit 
angular velocity, comes to rest in 3 minutes. Calculate 
the resistance couple assumed constant throughout, and 
the length of the cord originally coiled on the axle. 

4. Give approximate limits for the time of impact, in 
terms of relative speed and total linear distortion. If a 
halfpound hammer, moving at τὸ feet per second, remains 
for 1/10,0co second in contact with a nail, what is the 
average force exerted ? 

5. Investigate the form of the catenary of the ordinary 
suspension bridge, the roadway being distributed uniformly 
along the horizontal. 

6. What are the conditions of equilibrium of a rigid 
body. Show how energy considerations enable us to dis- 
criminate between the nature of the equilibrium, whether 
stable, neutral, or unstable, 


446 Degrees tn Science—Engineering. 


7. An A-formed combination of two equal uniform rods, 
freely jointed above and with their middle points connected 
by a light elastic string whose unstretched length is half the 
length of each rod, rests with the lower ends on a smooth 
horizontal table. Find the position of equilibrium, the 
elastic string being such as to be doubled in length under 
a load equal to the combined weight of the rods. 

8. Two opposite corners of a jointed quadrilateral are 
pressed towards one another by a given stress. Find the 
consequent tension of a cord which connects the alternate 
corners. 

g. Find the equation of motion and the velocity of pro- 
pagation of a longitudinal disturbance along a rod of small 
compressibility. 

ro. Establish the relations between the components of 
stress and the given components of strain in an isotropic 
elastic body. Thence deduce expressions for Young’s 
Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio in terms of the rigidity and 
compressibility. 

ΤΙ. Discuss the problem of the simple torsion of a pillar, 
or the simple flexure of a beam, pointing out the conditions 
under which the assumptions usually made hold true. 

12. Show how to form the equations for the catenary 
when the string, uniform when unstrained, follows Hooke’s 
Law under tension. 

GEOLOGY. 


TueEspDAy, 24¢i March 1896.—1 10 3 o'clock. 


1. Give some account of the mechanical and chemical 
action of the atmosphere. 

2. Give the mineralogical characters of Orthoclase, 
Hornblende, Barytes, Limonite, Marcasite, and Apatite. 

3. Give the megascopic and microscopic characters of 
Dolerite, Rhyolite, Granite, Marble, Serpentine, and 
Quartzite. Describe the mode of occurrence and origin 
of each. 

4. What are the characters upon which the strength and 
durability of building-stones depend ? 


lic Flealth. 447 


5. Distinguish between Lamination, Foliation, and 
Slaty Cleavage. 

6. Draw ove section to illustrate the following structures :— 
Anticline, Syncline, Unconformity, Outlier, Inher, Dyke, 
and Fault. 

7. In selecting the site for a Reservoir, what are the chief 
geological considerations to be kept in view ? 


Public Health. 
MEDICINE. 
Mownpay, 237d@ March 1896.—10 70 12 o'clock. 
(Two Questions only to be answered.) 

1. Discuss the subject of the communicability of Typhoid 
Fever. Mention any methods of treatment which aim at 
counteracting the disease-poison in the individual. 

2. State the views now entertained as to the nature and 
pathology of Malarial Fevers. 

3. Mention the more important morbid conditions affect- 


ing the digestive and circulatory systems which result from 
Chronic Alcoholism. 


SANITARY LAW. 
Mownpay, 237d March 1896.—1 to 3 o'clock. 


I.—Jnfectious Disease (Prevention) Act, 1890. 
Give a brief summary of the Provisions of the Infectious 


pisease (Prevention) Act, 1890. 


i. —Bye-laws and Regulations. 

Enumerate the various matters with respect to which a 
Sanitary Authority may make bye-laws and regulations. 

State in regard to each subject-matter to be regulated— 

(a) The General Act or Order under which powers are 
given to this end. 

(ὁ) The person or persons upon whom the duty of in- 
spection devolves. 


Ill.— Housing of the Working Classes. 
What are the powers of local authorities for dealing with 


448 Degrees in Science—Public Health. 


“unhealthy areas,” ‘unhealthy dwelling-houses,” and with 
‘‘obstructive buildings” respectively? Give an outline of 
the procedure to be followed in each case, 


VITAL STATISMCS: 
Monpay, 237@ March 1896.—4 to 6 o'clock. 


1. What do you understand by the terms, (a) death-rate, 
(2) birth-rate, (c) infant death-rate, (2) zymotic death-rate, 
(6) mean duration of life, (/) probable duration of life, and 
(9) expectation of life ἢ 

In what way are these to be used as indices of the health 
of a community ? 

2. A parish with 1250 inhabitants has a mean annual 
mortality of 15.3 per thousand persons living. In course of 
time a large school is built, and is occupied by 350 scholars 
from 10 to 15 years of age and a sufficient staff of masters 
and servants. A workhouse is also erected for 400 inmates 
and staff, half of the inmates being above 50 years of age. 

Assuming the original population to be stationary as 
regards numbers and mortality, state, approximately, the 
effect which the existence of the school and the workhouse 
is likely to have upon the death-rate. 

3. What results would you anticipate from the compul- 
sory notification of Scarlet Fever (a) as regards the propor- 
tion of attacks to population, and (4) as regards the proportion 
of deaths to attacks? State your reasons, and show how 
far they would be modified by the presence or absence of 
means of hospital isolation. 


PRACTICAL SANITATION. 


TuEspAY, 24¢h March 1896.—10 to 12 o'clock. 


During the second quarter of 1890 there was a general 
prevalence of sickness in the agricultural village of X. In 
a considerable number of cases, especially in children, the 
attack was of a mild and indefinite type, marked in some 
instances by vomiting and diarrhcea, and in others merely 
by pallor, headache, and feverishness. With regard to these 


Degrees in Science— Public Health. 449 


slighter attacks no complete records were kept, but amongst 
children they were sufficiently numerous to materially affect 
the attendance at school, and many of the scholars who 
continued to attend were observed to be pale and languid 
and to suffer from headache, and were in consequence 
excused lessons. Cases of this type ended in recovery 
after a few days’ illness. There was no appearance of 
localisation in any particular part of the village. 

At the same time there were, however, a number of cases 
of illness of different and very fatal type, with regard to which 
fuller details can be given. They occurred for the most part 
in houses situate at the higher or southern end of the village, 
and especially in those situate on the eastern side of the 
main street. The invasion was generally sudden, often at 
night, with usually rigor and vomiting, and sometimes 
diarrhoea, pain in chest or region of liver, or headache, 
and a feeling of faintness and prostration, and sometimes 
drowsiness. ‘The temperature rose rapidly, often reaching 
104° F. on the first or second day of illness ; its subsequent 
course was, however, very irregular, it being not unfrequently 
higher in the morning than in the evening. Respiration and 
pulse were accelerated, but the normal ratio of 1 : 4 was rarely 
departed from. Headache was often present, and in some 
cases there was delirium of a noisy and busy character. 
Epistaxis, vomiting and diarrhcea, were common symptoms. 
No rash was observed in any case. In nearly all the more 
severe cases there was evidence, after some days, of more 
or less consolidation of portions of lung, and in many cases 
pleuritic friction sounds were heard, but the gravest con- 
stitutional symptoms were often found associated with 
comparatively limited extent of pulmonary mischief. 
Physical examination of the abdomen gave negative 
results. 

The course of the disease was short, generally under a 
week in fatal cases. In one or two cases a relapse occurred. 
Some of the non-fatal cases recovered slowly, but in others 
there was a sudden improvement, with fall of temperature, 
at the end of the first or beginning of the second week. 


2F 


450 Degrees in Science—Public Health. 


Out of 29 cases of the severe type, 18 ended fatally ; 
among males there were 18 attacks with 12 deaths, and 
among females 11 attacks with 6 deaths. As regards age 
the distribution was as follows :— 

Attacks. | Deaths. 


Under 30 years of age, . 3 — 
Aged 30 to 60 years, : 14 ὃ 
Aged 60 years and upwards, 12 10 


These 29 attacks were distributed over a period of three 
months, as shown below :— 


Week ending April 12, . 4 | Week ending May 31, I 
” » »ς- 19,.. 1 ” > JMB ἢ I 
” ” ” 26, seat. ’ ’ ᾽ 14, I 
᾽" 3) May 3)». 4 ” ” 2) 21, Ι 
” 2) ” 10, . 2 ” 9 ” 28, I 
᾽) 2) 2) 17). - I ἢ ” July 5» 3 
2) 2) 3) 24,. 2 


These 29 cases occurred in 28 households, in only one 
household did two cases of the severer form of disease occur. 
In aconsiderable number of households, however, cases of the 
slighter and more indefinite form of illness already referred 
to, occurred concurrently with the severer disease. ‘There 
were, however, certain series of severe cases, in which it 
was thought that infection from case to case was probable, 
for example :—A man, A, the first victim, was taken ill on 
April 6th and died on April roth. He was attended by a 
woman, B, who laid him out after his death; she was attacked 
on April 11th. B’s next door neighbour, C, saw her on 
April 11th, and was herself attacked on April rath, and 
lastly, another woman, D, who attended C on April 12th, was 
seized by the disease on April 13th. 

A second series began with a man, i, who went to A’s 
house on April 12th for the first time, to assist at the funeral; 
he was attacked on April 13th. ’s mother-in-law, F, who 
lived at the other end of the village, came to see E during 
his illness; she sickened on April 23rd, and died three days 


afterwards. A neighbour, G, who attenled F and washed 


Degrees in Science—Public Health. 451 


her clothes after the funeral, was attacked on May rath and 
died on May 17th. 

The village of X has a population of about 800 persons, 
and is situate on porous gravelly soil. Most of the houses 
are ranged on either side of the main street, which curves 
round from the south to the west, the southern end of the 
village being the higher. The houses have, with few excep- 
tions, plenty of open space at the back. There are a few 
old cottages, of which the bedrooms are of cramped dimen- 
sions and ill-ventilated. The water supply is, in all cases, 
obtained from shallow wells, and at the western or lower 
part these are only two or three feet deep. The southern 
portion of the village is sewered by means of a pipe sewer 
laid on the eastern side of the main street, which receives 
all house slops and farm-yard drainage, in addition to storm 
water, and discharges with a good fall into an adjoining 
brook. At the other end are two roadside pipe-sewers, 
leading indirectly to the same water course, but with less 
fall; these sewers do not receive much house drainage, most 
of the houses in this part being drained separately, or in 
groups of two or three to independent outfalls. No special 
means of flushing or of ventilation have been provided for 
any of the sewers ; but the roadside gullies for the reception 
of storm water are untrapped. The house drains throughout 
the village are of very rough construction, the inlets being 
untrapped and the drains themselves constructed of bricks 
or of agricultural pipes. ‘here are, however, no indoor 
sinks or gullies, nor any water-closets, except at one house 
at the head of the southern sewer. The closet accommoda- 
tion in general consists of privies with open ash-pits, and 
in some instances are a source of nuisance, but as a rule the 
privies are not situate very close to dwellings. Up to the 
time of the outbreak there were many nuisances to be found 
in all parts of the village, due not only to defects of drainage 
and privies, but also to offensive accumulations of various 
kinds near houses. Not infrequently these accumulations 
were within a few feet of the wells. Although the whole 
village was in an unsatisfactory condition, 1t was thought 


452 Degrees in Science—Public Health. 


that, on the whole, the greatest incidence of disease was upon 
the most insanitary dwellings. 

Milk was obtained from many different sources, and 
several of the patients had not been in the habit of using 
milk prior to their illness. 

The rainfall had been exceptionally small for several 
weeks prior to the outbreak. 

The records shew that, in addition to occasional pre- 
valence of scarlatina, measles, and whooping cough, cases 
of enteric fever occur in the village almost every year, and 
that this disease was epidemic in 1858 and in 1868. 
Erysipelas also is often prevalent, and was epidemic in 1885. 
Influenza became epidemic in January 1890, but had 
apparently disappeared from the district before the com- 
mencement of the outbreak under review. The latter 
appeared to attack indifferently those who had had influenza 
and those who had not. 

The village of X is situate in a Rural District in which 
the Infectious Disease (Notification) Act, 1889, was not in 
force, and where also there was no hospital for the isolation 
of cases of infectious sickness. 


Comment upon the circumstances of this outbreak, and 
explain fully the view which you take as to its nature, origin, 
and mode of diffusion. Compare it with other recorded 
outbreaks of similar kind. What further evidence would 
you seek to obtain, and by what means? What assistance 
would you expect from chemical and bacteriological investi- 
gations? State concisely the measures which you would 
advise the Sanitary Authority to adopt with regard to the 
village of X. In regard to each recommendation, state the 
Act or Acts of Parliament which confer the necessary power 
on the Sanitary Authority to enable them to carry it out. 
In the event of default on the part of the Sanitary Authority, 
under what conditions, and by whom, can they be compelled 
to take action? 


Degrees in Science—Public Health. 453 


PRACTICAL SANITATION, MENSURATION, AND 
DRAWING. 


TuEspay, 24th March 1896.—1 ¢o 4 o'clock. 


(Four Questions only are to be attempted, of which No. 5 
must be one.) 


I. State what conditions, as regards site and environment, 
are necessary to ensure the healthiness of a dwelling ; and 
mention, incidentally, such steps as may be usefully taken 
to remedy the commoner defects met with. 

2. With the aid of sketches, describe and dimension the 
transverse and longitudinal sections of a Filter-bed, as 
commonly used in connection with a town’s water-supply. 
State what you know as regards the rate of filtration, and 
the general management of such filters. Describe, also, a 
Gauging-House, and how it is used. 

3. You are asked to give an opinion as regards the 
character of the design, material, and execution (a) of the 
plumbing-work in a large house; (ὁ) of an aqueduct 
employed in conveying water between a Storage and a 
Service Reservoir, and in the construction of which brick- 
work and C.I. pipes are chiefly used. State the main con- 
siderations that would guide you in drawing up your report 
in each case. 

4 Explain fully the various causes which render the 
ventilation of sewers necessary, and state how such venti- 
lation is best effected. Illustrate, also, by means of an 
example, the mode of calculating the effective power of a 
ventilating shaft. 

5. From the dimensioned sketch supplied (a Disconnect- 
ing Trap), make the drawings indicated. 


Notre.—A// answers should, as far as possible, be illustrated 
by sketches or diagrams. 


454 Degrees in Science —Agriculture 


Aaqricuiture, 
AGRICULTURE. 
WEDNESDAY, 2544 March 1896.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


1. In entering on a tillage farm at Whitsunday, what 
would the “ Incoming” tenant be required to do as regards 
(a) sowing the grass seeds, (2) sowing or taking over the 
cereal crop, (c) taking over the farm-yard manure, and (d) 
ploughing the land—cleaned land, fallow, and lea? 

2. Assuming that you require a farm with the object of 
pursuing the practice of growing cereals, including barley, 
and of fattening cattle and sheep, indicate the conditions 
of soil, situation, and climate that would influence you in 
your selection. What other circumstances besides these 
would you give attention to ἢ 

3. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the more 
important motive powers in use on a farm, for driving 
a thrashing mill and other machinery. Give the approxt- 
mate prices of a four-horse-power thrashing mill, a hand 
cake-breaker, and a hand turnip-cutter. 

4. State the preliminary course of cropping, and the 
immediate preparation that you would recommend, in the 
case of a strong clay field that you intended to lay out to 
permanent pasture. What mixture of seeds would suit such 
a field, and how would you propose to treat the pasture in 
subsequent years ? 

5. Sketch what you consider a suitable arrangement 
as regards the position of the barn, turnip houses, cake 
house, dung-hill, stable and byres in a farm steading. 
Give suitable dimensions for (4) a double cow byre, (2) a 
feeding box, (c) a straw barn, (4) a corn barn, (6) a turnip 
house, (/) a cake house, (g) a stable. 

6. What size of farm, at a rent of 20s. per acre, two thirds 
tillage, would you consider suitable for a dairy of 30 cows, 
where the heifer calves are reared? Sketch the system of 
farming that you would propose to adopt, and give details 
regarding the rearing of the young stock. 


Degrees tu Science—Agriculture. 455 


7. In valuing unexhausted manures for compensation 
under the Agricultural Holdings Act, what scale would 
you suggest for Lime, Dissolved Bones, Bone Meal, Kainit, 
and Sulphate of Ammonia? In fixing the value of the 
unexhausted residue, what circumstances would modify 
your award ? 

8. Give a list of the implements and machines necessary 
on a tillage farm of 200 acres, noting the price and daily 
output of work of each. 


AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY. 
WEDNESDAY, 25th March 1896.—1 to 3 o'clock. 


1. How may the amount of organic matter in a soil be 
determined ? 

How does the knowledge of the amount of organic 
matter in a soil serve as a guide to its physical and also its 
manurial treatment ? 

2. What are the sources from which soils obtain their 
nitrogenous matter? What are the conditions which favour 
the formation of nitrates in a soil? 

3. What is the composition of Asparagine? In what 
parts of plants does it chiefly abound? What are its 
functions in the growth of plants? How may it be dis- 
tinguished from Albumen ? 

What is its value as a fodder ? 

4. If a soil be infertile, what means would you adopt to 
determine the cause or causes, and what remedial treatment 
would you recommend in (a) infertility for crops in general, 
(2) infertility for the Leguminosee only ? 

5. The Carbo-hydrates and Oils in feeding stuffs are 
generally classified as ‘‘heat producers.” Compare the 
relative values of the two; give reasons for your opinions, 
and state how the changes you suggest are effected. 

6. What are the Chemical results of tillage? State the 
chief agency at work in the changes you suggest, and give 
an approximate estimate of their amount. 


456 Degrees in Science—Agriculture. 


GEOLOGY. 


Turspay, 24th March 1896.—1 to 3 o'clock. 

τ. Describe the Geological action of plants and animals, 
under the heads of (a) Destructive; (Ὁ) Protective ; and (ὦ 
Reproductive Action. 

2. Give the characters of the essential mineral con- 
stituents of Basalt, Rhyolite, and Syenite. 

3. Describe two examples of each of the following kinds 
of rock: — Sedimentary; Holocrystalline ; Chemically- 
formed ; Metamorphic. 

4. Give some account of the jointed structure of (a) 
bedded rocks, and (4) massive crystalline rocks. 

5. Define the following terms :—Monoclinal Fold; Fan- 
shaped structure ; Inversion ; Slaty cleavage—and illustrate 
with diagrams. 

6. Distinguish between Sedentary or Disintegration Soils 
and Transported or Travelled Soils. 

VETERINARY HYGIENE. 
Monpay, 237d March 1896.—1 to 3 o'clock. 

1. Name the hereditary causes of lameness in horses. 

2. How is Influenza of the horse recognised, and what 
are the geveral principles to be adopted for its prevention 
and cure? 

3. What is the Tuberculin test? Is it of value, and how 
is it applied ? 

4. Describe a case of Milk Fever in the cow, and state 
what means should be adopted for its prevention and cure. 

5. What cubic space should be allowed per horse in a 
stable, and also a cow in a byre? 

6. State quantities and varieties of food which a cart- 
horse should receive per week in this country. 


AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY. 


Tuurspbay, 27d April 1896.—g9 to 11 o'clock. 


1. State the main characteristics of development and life 
history of the Gad-flies (Zubanide), Forest or Spider Flies 


Degrees in Science—Agriculture. 457 


(Hippoboscide), and Warble or Bot Flies (@stride) ; and 
describe the life history and means of prevention of one of 
the following kinds :— 

Great Ox Gad Fly, Zabanus bovinus. 

Ox Warble Fly, Hypoderma bovis. 

Forest Fly, Wippobosca equina. 

Sheep Spider Fly, JZelophagus ovinus (popularly known 
as ‘Sheep Tick ”). 

2. What do you understand by a typical lepidopterous 
larva? Name several lepidopterous larve which do not 
conform to the normal type, and explain in what points 
they severally differ therefrom. How do the larve of 
Lepidoptera usually differ from those of (4) Diptera, (4) 
Coleoptera, (c) Tenthredinidee ἢ 

3. Give the popular and scientific names of four or more 
of the moths, weevils, or other beetles which are seriously 
destructive to stored or to imported grain, or to flour in 
mills, with the life history and available means of lessening 
the amount of injury of one or more kinds. 

4. Write a brief account of the Wireworm,—its general 
structure, life history, and classification. By what signs 
would you detect its ravages, and what methods of pre- 
vention or remedy would you recommend? 

5. Name the stage of existence (as egg, larva, Xc.), and the 
localities, in which some of the commonly destructive crop 
and orchard pests, as Turnip Flea Beetle, ‘‘ Surface Cater- 
pillars,” Crane Fly or Daddy Long-legs, Winter Moths, 
Codlin Moths, Saw-flies, or other injurious infestations 
usually pass the winter; and the nature of the different 
methods of treatment which are consequently required. 

6. Enumerate five common insect pests of cruciferous 
crops (Turnip, Cabbage, &c.). In a second column write 
their systematic names, and in a third column the natural 
orders to which they severally belong. Name also a few 
weeds which are capable of supporting these pests. 


458 Degrees in Scitence—Agriculture. 


FORESTRY. 
TuHurRSDAY, 27d April 1896.—11.30 fo 1.30 o'clock. 


(Five Questions only to be answered.) 


1. Explain fully the advantages that attach to the cultiva- 
tion of mixed woods, and criticise the mixture of the Scotch 
Pine, Larch, and Spruce on deep, rich soil. 

2. Show how the destructive effects of gales on woods in 
this country may be materially modified by attention to 
sylvicultural details. Assuming that you had to fell 10 
acres annually of a pure mature pine wood of 100 acres— 
with simultaneous artificial regeneration—indicate your 
method of procedure. 

3. Give an account of the management of Oak coppice, 
including its utilization. Be careful to note the length of 
the rotation under varying conditions of soil and climate, 
the manner and season of felling, and the yield of wood 
and bark. 

4. How do you account for the formation of annual rings 
in timber? What are the chief characteristics of coniferous 
wood? How might you distinguish a piece of silver fir 
from a piece of spruce ? 

5. What is the object of a Working Plan? When may 
the standing stock be said to be “normally” constituted ? 
And what are the advantages of its being so? . 

6. How does the presence of considerable forest areas 
tend to affect— 

Temperature of air ; 

Formation of dew ; 

Evaporation of moisture ; 

Supply to wells, springs, and streams ? 


ECONOMICS. 
WEDNESDAY, 15¢ April 1896,—11.30 210 1.30 O'clock. 
(Answer SEVEN Questions only.) 


1. Explain the effect upon rents of modern facilities of 
transport. 


Degrees in Science—Agriculture. 459 


2. State the advantages and disadvantages of peasant 
proprietorship from the economic point of view. 

3. Discuss the relation between rent and the interest on 
capital expended on improvements. 

4. Define economic wealth. What constituent elements 
of wealth are prominent in the different departments of the 
science ? 

5. Mention some of the more important characteristics 
affecting the efficiency of the individual labourer. 

6. Explain the law of diminishing return as applied to the 
production of corn. By what means may its effects be 
counteracted ? 

7. Describe generally the forces which determine the 
wages of agricultural labourers in any particular locality, 
distinguishing between real and nominal wages. 

8. Indicate briefly the probable economic results of a 
simplification of the modes of transferring property in land. 

9. What are the principal advantages and disadvantages 
of long leases? In what cases (if any) and with what 
limitations should Some cusavOn for agricultural improve- 
ments be compulsory ? 


(A.)—ENGINEERING FIELD-WORK. 
(B.)—ENGINEERING. 
WEDNESDAY, Ist April 1896.—g 20 t2 O'clock. 

(New Regulation Candidates are required to answer the 
Questions in Group A only. Old Regulation Candidates 
are required to answer Three Questions only tn Group 
A, as well as those in Group B. 

(A). ; 

1, State what units of measurement are used in surveying 
operations, and explain why each is adopted. 

2. In chaining a line, an obstacle is met with which can 
only be seen across. Give two methods by means of which 
the intervening distance can be ascertained. 

3. What is Traversing? Show how the correctness of 
the work of a closed traverse may be checked without 
plotting it. 


460 Degrees in Science—Agriculture. 


4. How would you test the permanent adjustments of a 
Transit-Theodolite, and, if found to be faulty, correct them ? 

5. Explain how a Circumferenter Survey is plotted by 
means of rectangular co-ordinates, and state what advan- 
tages this method possesses over other methods in use. 
Illustrate your answer by an example. 

6. Explain the use of ‘ bench marks” in levelling opera- 
tions, and exhibit two methods of reducing the entries 
usually made in a levelling field-book. 


(B). 

1. If a system of forces acting on a body keep it at rest, 
what relationship will exist between the lines which may be 
taken to represent the forces in question ἢ 

2. Find the maximum bending moment in a beam, 14 
feet long, if it be supported at both ends and loaded in the 
middle with a weight of 1 ton. 

3. Two pieces having a constant velocity ratio, are 
connected by toothed gearing. What relationship must 
there be between the velocity ratio and the number of 
teeth on the pieces ? 

4. Point out the relative advantages of rectangular and 
triangular notches in the gauging of streams. 

What quantity of water per hour will flow through a 
rectangular notch 2 feet wide, when the surface of the water 
in the still pond is 8 inches above the crest of the notch ? 

5. What is meant by the maximum efficiency of a steam 
engine? Having given the initial and final pressures of the 
steam in any case, how would you express it ? 

6. What is the use of a fly-wheel? According to what 
law does the effort imparted by a steam-engine to a fly- 
wheel vary, and how may the curve of velocity be found 
from the curve of effort ? 

7. How are water-wheels classified? Describe Poncelet’s 
wheel, and state what advantages it possesses over those 
having radial floats. 


Note.—A// answers should, as far as possible, be illustrated 
by sketches or diagrams. 


Degrees in Science. 461 


Degrees in Science. 
DOCTORS OF SCIENCE. 


The names of the Doctors of Science previously to 1889, will be 
found in the Historical Appendix to List of Graduates published in 
1889, pp. 132-134. The following are the names of the Doctors from 
1889 to 1896, both years included :— 


1801. 
1892. 


1893. 


. Thomas Rhymer Marshall 
. Alex, Crichton Mitchell. 


. William Cossar Mackenzie. 


IN MENTAL SCIENCE. 


William Mitchell, M.A. 1893. Purnananda Chatterji. 
Robt. Mark Wenley, M.A. | 1894. William Caldwell, M.A. 
Chas. Mackinnon Douglas, | 1895. John Gunn, M.A. 

M.A. »» sydney Herbert Mellone, 
Jas. Lewis M‘Intyre, B.A. B.A; 
William Ingram, M.A. 


IN PHILOLOGY. 


1893. Harry Angus Alexander Kennedy, M.A, 
1894. George Barnet Gardiner, M.A, 


IN PURE SCIENCE. 


1892. Jacques Francois Marais, 
B.A. (Chemistry). 
1893. John Shields (Chemistry). 
1894. Malcolm Laurie, B.Sc. 
», Charles Hunter Stewart, 
Thomas Smith Murray. Mi Bs,..C.M;,, BSc. 
1895. Arthur Pillans Laurie, B.Sc. 


(Chemistry). 


Hugh Marshall. 


IN PUBLIC HEALTH. 


. James Anderson, M.D. 1893. Edward Henry Ezard, M.D. 


James Andrew Blair, M.B. | ,, John Howard-Jones, M.B. 
William John Brock, M.B. »5 John Fred. Joseph Sykes, 
John Stevenson, M.B. M.B 


. Charles Henry Bedford, 6 James Buchanan Young, 


M.D. M.B. 

Robt. Wm. Dickinson Mac- | 1894. Henry Halcro Johnston, 
Martin Cameron, M.D. M.D. 

milex, (©. Elouston, M.B., », John Macmillan, M.A., 
C.M. M.B., C.M. 

William George Aitchison », Charles Templeman, M.D, 
Robertson, M,D, 


462 Degrees in Science—D.Sc. & B.Sc. conferred in 1895-96. 


Degrees Conferred in 1895-90. 
THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF SCIENCE. 
IN CHEMISTRY. 
1st August 1895. 


In the Department of Chemistry. 
Arthur Pillans Laurie, B.Sc. Zhes¢s—‘* The Constitution of Alloys.” 


THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE. 
IN PURE SCIENCE. 


Ist August 1895. 
James Alex. Macdonald, M.A. William Dickson Ritchie, M.A. 
*Albert Edward Mettam. John Rees Roberts. 
Thomas Williain Pickles, M.A. 
* Passed with Distinction, 


11th April 1896. 
John Angus Macdonald, M.A. Longfield Smith. 
+Jessie Chrystal Macmillan. William White Taylor, M.A. 
Alexander Durie Russell. 
+ Passed with Distinction tn Mathematics and Natural 
Philosophy. 


IN ENGINEERING. 
11th April 1896. 
James Hay. 

In PubLic HEALTH. 
Ist August 1895. 

John Wardle Bone, M.B. James Taylor Grant, M.D. 
George Matheson Cullen, M.D. 1 Edmund Thomas Whitaker, M.B, 
11¢h April 1896. 

William Morrison, M.B., C.M., | George Pratt Yule, M.B., C.M. 
B.Sc. William Burney Bannerman, 


George Williamson Park, M.B., M.D. 
C.M. George Herbert Cock, M.B., 
George Taylor, M.B., C.M. C.M. 


In AGRICULTURE. 
Ist August 1895. 
Sidney Unwin. 
11th April 1896. 
Arthur Allsebrooke. | Frank Parker Walker. 


Fellowships and Scholarships in Science. 463 


Fellowships, Scholarships, Bursaries, Prizes, 
&c., in Science. 
L—FELLOWSHIPS. 


I.—_THE FALCONER MEMORIAL FELLOWSHIP. 


This Fellowship was founded in 1869 by the Subscribers to the Fund 
for a Memorial to Hugh Falconer, M.D. (for many years Superin- 
tendent of the H. E. I. Company’s Botanic Gardens at Suharunpoor 
and Calcutta), and the Association for the better Endowment of the 
University of Edinburgh, for the encouragement of the Study of Pale- 
ontology and Geology. It is of the annual value of £112, os. 4d.; and 
is tenable for two years, but if the Senatus see fit, it may be held for 
three years, and with consent of the University Court, forfour years. It 
is awarded after competitive examination in Natural History as applied 
to Palzontology and Geology, and is open to Graduates in Science or 
Medicine of this University of not more than three years’ standing at 
the time of the competition. It cannot be held along with any other 
Fellowship, Scholarship, or Bursary in any Scottish University. The 
Deed of Foundation will be found at p. 270 of the CALENDAR for 
1870-71. The next appointment may be made in July 1897. 

1895. John S. Flett, M.A., B.Sc., M.B., C.M. 


IJI.—GEORGE HERIOT FELLOWSHIP. 


A Fellowship, for Research in Mathematical, Physical, Experimental 
and Natural Science, is open annually. For further particulars see 
under Faculty of Arts. 


IT.— SCHOLARSHIPS. 


I.—BAXTER PHYSICAL SCIENCE SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship was founded by Sir David Baxter, Bart., of Kilmaron, 
in 1865, and is of the annual value of £74, 15s. 4d., tenable for two years. 
It is awarded, on the result of the Final Examination for the Degree of 
Bachelor of Science, to the student who is most distinguished in two or 
more of the Physical Science subjects—viz., Mathematics, Natural 
Philosophy, Astronomy, Chemistry. The holder is required to satisfy 
the Senatus Academicus that he has been pursuing his studies in Science 
during the first year of his tenure in such manner as the Senatus may 
fix. It cannot be held with any other Scholarship, Fellowship, or 
Bursary, or with any situation yielding an annual income of £100. 


II.— BAXTER NATURAL SCIENCE SCHOLARSHIP, 


This Scholarship was founded by Sir David Baxter, Bart., of Kilmaron, 
in 1865, and is of the annual value of £74, 15s. 4d., tenable for two years. 


464 Scholarships in Science. 


It is awarded, on the result of the Final Examination for the Degree of 
Bachelor of Science, to the Student who is most distinguished in two 
or more of the Natural Science subjects—viz., Human Anatomy, in- 
cluding Anthropology; Physiology, including Histology; Geology, 
including Mineralogy; Zoology, including Comparative Anatomy ; 
Botany, including Vegetable Histology. The holder is required to 
satisfy the Senatus Academicus that he has been pursuing his studies 
in Science during the first year of his tenure in such manner as the 
Senatus may fix. It cannot be held with any other Scholarship, 
Fellowship, or Bursary, or with any situation yielding an annual 
income of £100. 


III.-VIIIL—VANS DUNLOP SCHOLARSHIPS. 


These Scholarships are each of the annual value of £100, and are 
tenable for three years, on condition that the scholar submits annually— 
(1) A certificate of attendance on lectures or laboratories approved 
by the Senatus ; or (2) a certificate of having acted as an assistant to 
a Professor in this or some other University ; or (3) a written report of 
his work done during the year, together with a Thesis composed by 
himself in connection with some part of that work. For General 
Regulations, see under Faculty of Arts. 


III. —MATHEMATICS.} 
The next Competition will take place in April 1898. 


IV.—NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 
The next Competition will take place in April 1898. 


V.—AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ECONOMY. 

This Scholarship is open to all Matriculated Students who have regu- 
larly attended classes in this University for not less than two and not 
more than six years, and who have attended the Class of Agriculture 
and Rural Economy within one year of the date of Competition. The 
subjects of Examination are Agriculture, Chemistry, Botany, and Vete- 
rinary Science. The next Competition will take place in April 1898. 

The Examiners are the Professor of Agriculture and an Examiner 
nominated by the Senatus. 


1895. J. W. Paterson, B.Sc. 


VI.—CHEMISTRY. 

(1). The subjects of Examination are—-(a) Inorganic and Organic 
Chemistry, and the connection between the Chemical and Physical 
character of Substances. (6) Qualitative and Simple Quantitative 
Analysis of Inorganic Substances, and the Preparation of Pure 
Chemical Substances. (2.) The Examination in subjects (a) is similar, 


1 For particulars, see ‘‘ Scholarships” in Faculty of Arts. 


Scholarships in Sctence. 465 


and held at the same time, as that for the Second B.Sc. Examination. 
The Examination in subjects (0) is conducted practically in the Labora- 
tory. (3.) The Competition is open to all Students of the University, 
from the second to the sixth year (inclusive) of their attendance, and 
will take place in July 1897. 


VII.-—NATURAL HISTORY, INCLUDING GEOLOGY AND BOTANY. 


(1.) The subjects Natural History, Geology, and Botany are coequal 
in the Examination, and the Examination in each of the three subjects 
is similar to that for the Second B.Sc. in Pure Science, and consists of 
two parts—a Written Examination extending over not less than three 
hours, and a Practical Examination with specimens. 

(2.) The next Examination will be held in April 1898, at the same 
time as the Second B.Sc. Examination. 

(3.) The Competition is open to all Students of the University, from 
the second to the sixth year (inclusive) of their attendance. 


1895. 7.4. Murray, B.Sc. 


VIII. —ENGINEERING AND MECHANICAL AND USEFUL ARTS.! 


The Examination is similar to that for the Second B.Sc. in Engineer- 
ing, with the addition of questions on prescribed books treating of 
Engineering and Mechanical and useful Arts. 

The Competition is open to all Matriculated Students who have been 
in regular attendance on the Class of Engineering for at least two 
Winter Sessions, and who have not been Students of the University 
for more than four years. The next Competition will take place in 
April 1897. 

The Examiners are the Professors of Engineering and Natural 
Philosophy. 

1894. W. G. Rennie. 


IX.—STEVEN SCHOLARSHIP IN AGRICULTURE. 


This Scholarship was founded in 1882 by the Misses Steven of Bella- 
houston in memory of their brother Moses Steven, Esq. It is of the 
value of £75, and is awarded annually, in connection with the Class of 
Agriculture, the subjects of examination being Agriculture and General 
and Agricultural Chemistry. 

The Scholar is required to visit the annual exhibitions of the four 
leading agricultural societies, or such as the Professor of Agriculture 
shall appoint, and to report on his visit or visits to the satisfaction of 
the Professor of Agriculture. The Exhibitions which the Scholar is 
required to visit are :— 


The Royal Agricultural Society of England. 
The Bath and West of England Agricultural Society. 


1 Regulations for this Scholarship may be altered before next award. 
26 


466 Scholarships tn Science. 


The Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland. 
Royal Agricultural Society of Ireland. 
See Deed of Foundation at p. 397 of CALENDAR for 1882-83. 
1896. S. /. Ashby. 


X., XI.—HOPE PRIZE SCHOLARSHIPS. 


Two Hope Prize Scholarships have been instituted (with funds formerly 
of the Hope Chemistry Prize founded by the late Professor Thomas C. 
Hope) in connection with the Chemical Laboratory of the University, 
each of the value of about £30 per annum, tenable for one year, and 
awarded annually at the end of the Winter Session. Each Scholar- 
ship is awarded to the student whom the Professor of Chemistry 
thinks most deserving of those who have worked during that Winter 
Session in the Chemical Laboratory of the University. The scholars 
must work during the Summer and Winter Sessions succeeding their 
appointment in the Chemical Laboratory of the University, and must 
assist the Professor of Chemistry in such manner as he thinks fit in 
each case, and the scholars are not required to pay fees for the labora- 
tory. In case of resignation of a scholar, or of a scholar failing to fulfil 
the conditions, the Professor of Chemistry may, if he thinks proper, 
recommend a student working in the Chemical Laboratory for the 
remainder of the Scholarship so become vacant, the new scholar so 
appointed to perform the duties and receive the payments during the 
remainder of the time for which his predecessor was appointed. 
Scholars may, in cases of great distinction, be appointed for a second 
year. 


1896, James Scott. | Charles E. Fawsitt. 
XIIL—NEIL ARNOTT SCHOLARSHIP IN EXPERIMENTAL 
PHYSICS 


Is awarded annually in April. 


XIII.—THE MACKAY SMITH SCHOLARSHIPS. 


These Scholarships were at first intended to have been held in Edin- 
burgh and Glasgow Universities alternately, and were so held in 
Edinburgh for the Sessions 1883-84 and 1884-85, and in Glasgow 
for the Sessions 1885-86 and 1886-87. It was, however, afterwards 
arranged, instead of the Scholarships alternating between the two 
Universities, that the proceeds of the present investment should be 
divided—one half being retained by the University of Edinburgh, and 
the other half transferred to the University of Glasgow, so that each 
University now acts independently. The portion of the proceeds at 
present falling to Edinburgh is £50 annually, which provides one 
Scholarship in Natural Philosophy and one in Chemistry, each of the 
annual value of £25, tenable for two years, and to be held under such 


1 For particuiars see ** Scholarships” in Faculty of Arts, 


Scholarships in Science. 467 


regulations and conditions as the Senatus may from time to time direct. 
The Scholarship in Natural Philosophy is open for competition to 
Students who have attended the Class of Natural Philosophy, and the 
Scholarship in Chemistry to Students who have attended the Class of 
Chemistry, both in this University. The successful Candidate for the 
Scholarship in Natural Philosophy is bound to attend the Class of 
Natural Philosophy, or to prosecute the study thereof, in the University 
during at least one year of his tenure of the Scholarship, in such way 
as the Senatus may direct or approve ; and the Scholarship in Chemistry 
is held under similar conditions as regards attendance on the Class of 
Chemistry, or the prosecution of the study thereof. The next Com- 
petition for these Scholarships will take place at the end of Winter 
Session 1897-98. 


1896. 7. H. H. Pirie(Chem.) | Alexander Brown (Nat. Phil.) 


XIV.—ROYAL COMMISSION FOR EXHIBITION OF 1851 
PHYSICAL SCIENCE SCHOLARSHIP. 


The Commissioners in 1891, and again in 1892, gave this University 
the power of nominating a Student to a Scholarship of £150 a-year, 
tenable for two years, and which may be extended to three years under 
the following conditions, viz. (2) That he is a British subject ; (6) That 
he has been a dora fide student of Science in this University for three 
years ; (c) That he has been for a full year previous to his appointment, 
and at the date of his appointment is, a student of the University, or 
has been a student of the University for a full year ending within twelve 
months prior to the date of his appointment, and since ceasing to be 
such student has been engaged solely in scientific study. The Scholar- 
ship is limited to those branches of Science (such as Physics, Mechanics, 
and Chemistry) the extension of which is specially important for the 
national industries, and may be tenable in any University or other 
Institution to be approved by the Commissioners. Applications must 
be made annually not later than the Ist of March. See Regulations, 
Ῥ. 544 of CALENDAR for 1891-92. 

Recommended—1896. J. W. Tullo, B.Sc. 


XV., XVI.—THE ARTHUR TREVELYAN SCHOLARSHIPS 
IN ENGINEERING. 


Two Arthur Trevelyan Scholarships in Engineering, of about £15, 12s. 
per annum, for proficiency in Engineering and the Mechanical and 
useful Arts, tenable in this University for two years. Candidates must 
not be more than nineteen years of age, must have passed the preliminary 
examination or its equivalent ; and must not have attended more than 
one winter and one summer course in Engineering and field work 
respectively, either in this University or elsewhere. The subjects of 
examination are (z) Mathematics, as far as the subjects required for the 
first B.Sc. examination in Engineering ; (ὁ) Physics to the same extent; 


468 Scholarships tn Science. 


(c) Engineering (the subjects of the previous winter session and field 
work) ; (7) geometrical drawing and elementary graphics, See Excerpt 
from Deed, page 538 of CALENDAR for 1892-93. One Scholarship is 
awarded annually in November. 


1895. James Hay. 


XVII., XVITI.—MISSES BAXTER OF BALGAVIE’S 
SCHOLARSHIPS. 


These Scholarships were instituted in 1868 and 1878 by Miss Mary 
Baxter of Balgavie. They are three in number, two of the annual 
value of £40, the third of £20. They are in the gift of the Directors of 
the High School of Dundee, and are open for competition to all pupils 
who shall have finished their course at the time, or within one year 
previously, at that School. The examination is held in Dundee by 
examiners appointed by the Directors, and the subjects are Geometry, 
Algebra, Trigonometry, and Mechanical Drawing. The Scholarships 
are tenable for one year certain, and for a second if a favourable certi- 
ficate is sent to the Directors by the Senatus Academicus. The patrons 
may extend the tenure of these Scholarships for a further period of one 
year, provided the holder shall have previously passed the First Exam- 
ination for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in the Department of 
Engineering in this University. The Classes to be attended during the 
first two years are Mathematics, Natural Philosophy (two courses), 
Engineering (two courses), and Chemistry, and may (by resolution of 
the Senatus), be attended in any order most convenient to the scholar, 
provided he intimate his intentions to the Dean of the Faculty of 
Science beforehand. In the event of a third year’s tenure, the Scholar 
may attend any two classes selected by himself and approved by the 
Senatus. 

These Scholarships are not to be held with any other Scholarship, 
Fellowship, or appointment yielding £50 per annum. See Deeds of 
Foundation, at page 255 of the CALENDAR for 1869-70, at p. 372 of 
CALENDAR for 1878-79, and at p. 377 of the CALENDAR for 1881-82. 


XIX. GRAY SCHOLARSHIP FOR RESEARCH! 
THE WILLIAM DICKSON TRAVELLING FUND. 


This is a fund for the purpose of assisting Graduates of any Faculty, 
of not more than three years’ standing, to travel for the purpose of study 
or research. For particulars, see p. 356. 


THE SWINEY LECTURESHIP ON GEOLOGY. 


This Lectureship is in the patronage of the Trustees of the British 
Museum, and is of the annual value of £144. The Trustees may 
appoint any Graduate in any Faculty of the University who has 


1 For particulars, see under ‘‘ Scholarships” in Faculty of Arts. 


Science Scholarships open in 1896-97. 469 


obtained his degree after examination. The office is tenable for five 
years, at the expiration of which period the Lecturer is ineligible for 
the next election. The number of lectures is not to be less than twelve 
in each year, nor more than three in the same week. The course is 
required to be annually delivered between the first of November and 
the end of July following, at such public places in the United Kingdom 
as the Trustees shall approve. The public are admitted without fee. 
The Lecturer is required at the termination of each course to deposit a 
copy, or full extract of such course of lectures, with the Principal 
Librarian of the British Museum, to whom application may be made 
for further particulars. 


Of the foregoing Fellowships, Scholarships, Bursaries, and 
Prizes, the following are open during the Winter Session 


1896-97.1 
FELLOWSHIPS.! 
1. The Falconer Memorial Fellowship, No. 1., page 463. 
2. George Heriot Fellowship, No. 1V., p. 355. 


SCHOLARSHIPS. 


1. The Vans Dunlop Scholarship in Chemistry, No. VI., page 464. 
The next competition will take place on Monday, 19th July, at 9 and 1 
o'clock. Names of Candidates to be given in, and Certificates shown, 
not later than Ist July. 

2. The Vans Dunlop Scholarship in Engineering and Mechanical 
and Useful Arts.» The Examination is similar to that for the Second 
B.Sc. for the degree in Engineering, with the addition of Questions on 
one or other of the following groups of books at the option of the Can- 
didate :—(1) Mosley’s ‘‘ Mechanics of Engineering ”; Tredgold’s ‘‘ Car- 
pentry” (revised by Tarn). (2) Fairbairn, ‘‘ Mills and Millwork” ; 
Silvanus Thompson’s ‘‘ Dynamo-Electric Machinery.” The Competi- 
tion is open to all Matriculated Students who have been in regular 
attendance on the Class of Engineering for at least two Winter Sessions, 
and who have not been Students of the University for more than four 
years. The Examinations will take place on 29th March and following 
days at 9 A.M. Candidates are required to give in their names, with 
a statement of their University standing, to the Clerk to the Senatus 
on or before 15th March 1897, and, at the same time, to state on which 
of the two foregoing groups of books they elect to be examined. 


1 For further information, and for information regarding other Fellowships, 
Scholarships, Bursaries, and Prizes, see above, where full information regard- 
ing the conditions and values, &c., are given. The values of the Fellowships, 
Scholarships, Bursaries, and Prizes are subject to variation consequent on the rise 
and fall of the rate of interest, &c. 

2 pe aulations for this Scholarship under revision. May be altered before next 
award. 


470 Science Bursaries and Prizes, open in 1896-97. 


3, 4. Two Hope Prize Scholarships, Nos. X. and XI., page 466. 

δ 5. Steven Scholarship in Agriculture, No. IX., page’ 465. The 
competition takes place in March. Candidates to enter names 07 or 
before 15th March. 

6. Neill Arnott Scholarship for Experimental Physics, of £38, 10s., 
is awarded annually to the most distinguished student in the Physical 
Laboratory. 

7. Arthur Trevelyan Scholarship in Engineering, No. XV., page 
467. The Examination will begin on Saturday, 7th November at 9 
A.M. Names to be given in before 20th October. 

Competitors for Fellowships and Scholarships must have studied the 
subjects of Examination at the University of Edinburgh. No Fellowship 
or Scholarship can be held along with any other University Fellowship 
or Scholarship. 

BURSARIES.! 

1. Two Sibbald Bursaries, of £30 a-year, tenable for three years.” 

2-6. Five Heriot Bursaries, each of the annual value of £30, and 
tenable for three years.? 

7. Renton Bursary, of about £18, 8s. 6d.2 The Examination is in 
English and Elementary Mathematics, and will take place on Saturday, 
3151 October, at 10 o'clock. Names of Candidates to be entered at 
the Matriculation Office, o7 or before 23rd October. 

8. Zhe Donald Fraser Bursary, of £50.” 

9-12. Four Buchanan Bursaries.” 

Oniversity Bursaries cannot be held along with any other Bursary. 

PRIZES.? 

1. The Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize in Physiology.® 

2, 3. Two Newton Bursaries or Prizes.” 

4. The Kelland Memorial Prize in Mathematics.” 

5. Zhe Lord Rector’s Prize.” 

6. The Ellis Prize in Physiology.* 

7, 8. Two Gray Prizes.” 


WILLIAM DICKSON TRAVELLING FUND. 

The William Dickson Travelling Fund (page 356). 

N.B.— Scholars, Bursars, or Fellows must apjly to the Dean of the 
Faculty of Science for Certificates to entitle them to draw the instalments 
due of Science Scholarships, &c., and to the Factor for payment thereof, 
within three months after they have become payable, otherwise they will 
be regarded as having resigned. Any who desire to resign must at once 
announce this to the Dean and to the Factor. 

JAMES GEIKIE, D.C.L., LL.D., Ἐ9ῈῸ:5,, den 
Dean of the Faculty of Science. 


x ‘See footnote I, page 469. 
2 See under Faculty of Arts. — 
See under Faculty of Medicine. 


° 
o 


Haculty of Divinity. 


Dean—Professor TAYLOR. 
PROGRAMME OF CLASSES. 
The Classes will be opened as follows, and will close on 19th March 1897 


Sento Clem 7 Oct. 2 eels cannes 
Arabic—Senior Class .| | 
(Mond, Wed.,& Frid.) § 
Syriac—Junior Class .|\ 

(Tues. & Thurs.) || 


Days of Opening, and) Epa d Class 

Classes Hicare δὲ heceires: Professors. Fees.1 

ID ita (8//pqnceecdecen οτος 272@cts, 02) o'cl:Protellinte seas foex 2 
Keclesiastical History.| 27 Oct., 11 ,, | Prof. Taylor,....| 3 3 
Biblical Criticism......| 27 Oct., 10 ,, | Prof. Charteris,.| 3 3 
Hebrew—Junior Cl. .| 27 Oct., 1 ,, | Prof. Kennedy,.| 3 3 
| 3:8 

3-3 


23: ον (3) ΠΕ: 


ZOE esi ssn le τὸ 22 


THE SUMMER PREPARATORY CLASSES IN ELEMENTARY HEBREW 
AND ELEMENTARY ARABIC, conducted by the Class-Assistant under 
the superintendence of the Professor, open on 4th May, at Io A.M. 
and 11 A.M. Fee for Hebrew, £1, 115. 6d. ; and for Arabic, £2, 2s. 

GIFFORD LECTURESHIP, for ‘‘ promoting, advancing, teaching, and 
diffusing the study of Natural Theology in the widest sense of that 
term.” Lecturer—Professor C. Β, TIELE, of Leyden. 

The arrangements for the Course in 1896-97 will be announced 
before the beginning of the Session. 

GUNNING VICTORIA JUBILEE LECTURESHIP IN NATURAL SCIENCE. 
Lecturer, HUGH MACMILLAN, D.D., LL.D. 

This Course of Three Lectures will be delivered in December 1897, 
at dates to be afterwards announced. 


CLASS ASSISTANTS. 


Hebrew and Semitic Languages—DAV1D MILLER Kay, B.D., B.Sc. 
Divinity—ALEXANDER Horn, B.D. 
Examiners for B,.D,—GEORGE GARDINER, B.D. ; ARTHUR POoLLOK 
Sym, B.D. 
MATRICULATION FEES. 


For the Academical Year, Ist October to Ist October, . £1 I ὁ 
For the Summer Session only, Ist May to Ist October, . O10) 6 


1 For Second and Third Attendances in Divinity, no reduction. Subsequent 
attendances free. For Second Attendances on Hebrew, Ecclesiastical History, and 
Biblical Criticism, no reduction. Subsequent attendances free. Fee in case of 
Licentiates of Foreign and Colonial Churches, £2, 2s. 


472 Curriculum in Divinity. 


CURRICULUM FOR THE MINISTRY IN THE 
CHURCH OF SCOTLAND. 


The Laws of the Church of Scotland require that every Theo- 
logical Student, who desires to qualify himself for the Ministry, 
should attend the Class of Divinity, either during three full and 
regular Sessions, or during two regular and three partial 
Sessions ;—and also that he should regularly attend during two 
Sessions each of the Classes of Hebrew, Ecclesiastical History, 
and Biblical Criticism. 


Entrance Examinations. 


(1.) Students, before enrolment for the first year of their cur- 
riculum with a view to the Ministry in the Church of Scotland, 
must produce to the Professor of Divinity Certificates of their 
having satisfactorily undergone an Examination in the subjects 
embraced in the Curriculum of Arts, and also in the Elements of 
Hebrew Grammar. By Act IX. of General Assembly 1872, it is 
ordained that this Examination shall be conducted at each of 
the four Scottish Universities, shortly before the commencement 
of every Session, by four Examining Committees, consisting of 
members elected by the adjoining Synods, with Conveners nomi- 
nated by the General Assembly. Ze Convener of the Committee 
for the University of Edinburgh ts the Rev. Fohn Alison, D.D., 
Minister of Newington. The time of the Committee’s meeting 
and the prescribed subjects of Examination will be timeously 
advertised in the M/7ssion Record of the Church of Scotland. 

(2.) Students, before enrolment at the beginning of every Ses- 
sion after the first of their course in Divinity, must produce cer- 
tificates of their having satisfactorily undergone the Examina- 
tions prescribed by their respective Presbyteries. For subjects 
of Examination prescribed by the Presbytery of Edinburgh, see 
Appendix to Calendar. 

Discourses. 


Every Student of Divinity is required during his curriculum 
to deliver with approbation szz Discourses upon subjects pre- 
scribed by the Professor of Divinity, viz., a Homily, a Latin 


Courses tn Faculty of Divinity. 473 


Thesis, a Lecture, a popular Sermon, a Hebrew Exercise on a 
passage of the Old Testament, and an Exercise with additions 
on a passage of the Greek New Testament. 

The following Regulations have been made by the Faculty of 
Theology in regard to the delivery of these Discourses. (1.) 
Students of the first year shall give in their Homdly to the 
Professor of Divinity not later than Ist February ; (2.) Students 
of the second year shall give in their Za¢/z Thesis not later 
than the 18th December, and shall be prepared to deliver their 
Lecture not later than the toth January ; (3.) Students of the 
third year shall give in their Hebvew Exercise and their Greek 
Exercise with additions, not later than the 18th December, and 
shall be prepared to deliver their Popular Sermon not later than 
the 2nd of February. 


Attendance at Foreign Universities. 

The General Assembly of 1868, with the consent of a majority 
of Presbyteries, enacted and ordained :—(1.) That all Candidates 
for the ministry shall attend during at least ¢wo sesszons the 
Theological Classes at one or more of the Universities of Scot- 
land, and shall deliver, with approbation, the Six Trial Dis- 
courses required by the Acts of the General Assembly; and 
(2.) That any Student who wishes to prosecute the remainder 
of his Theological Curriculum at any Protestant University or 
Universities not within the bounds of this Church, shall, before 
repairing thither, undergo satisfactory examination by the Pres- 
bytery with which he is connected, and shall, moreover, satisfy the 
same Presbytery in regard both to the Classes which he proposes 
to attend, and to the proficiency he has acquired in the language 
used in the Foreign University in which he intends to study. 


Courses in the Faculty of Divinity, 
(Bol BAVA US EI ENG 
PROFESSOR FLINT. 
The course of study in this class extends over three Sessions. 
The Subjects of the Lectures during 1896-97. will be :—1. 
Biblical Doctrine of Man. 2. Biblical Doctrine of Sin. 3. 


474 Courses in Faculty of Divinity. 


The Divine Fatherhood and its historical manifestation. 4. The 
Person and Redemptive Work of Christ. 5. The Prophetical, 
Priestly, and Kingly Functions of Christ. 6. Christian 
Ecclesiology. 

Lectures will be delivered on Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednes- 
days, and Thursdays at 12 o’clock. Fridays will be devoted 
partly to the hearing of Discourses and Exercises, and partly 
to Lectures. 

The work of the class includes two written examinations and 
an essay. 


1, HEBREW AND SEMITIC LANGUAGES. 
PROFESSOR KENNEDY. 
A.—HEBREW. 

Funior Class—t to 2. 

This class is conducted in two divisions, an upper and a lower. 
The latter is intended for students having no previous acquaint- 
ance with Hebrew, the former for those who have advanced as 
far as § 30 of the text-book. The Lower Junior will meet for 
the first time on the day appointed for the opening of the Arts 
classes, and thereafter on five days a week with the Professor 
or the Class-Assistant. Text-books: Davidson’s /nutroductory 
Hebrew Grammar, and the book of Genesis in Hebrew. 

The Upper Junior will meet for the first time on the day 
appointed for the opening of the Divinity classes, and thereafter 
on three days a week with the Professor or the Class-Assistant. 
On these days the class will continue the study of the Grammar, 
including parts of the Syntax (Davidson’s Hebrew Syntax), and 
read easy prose passages from the Old Testament. On two days 
a week the two divisions will meet together for the revision of 
the Grammar, and for practice in translation into Hebrew. 

The students’ progress is regularly tested by oral and written 
examinations throughout the Session. 

For Preparatory Class of Elementary Hebrew (see page 471). 

Senior Class—2 to 3. 

Study of Davidson’s Hebrew Syntax. Hebrew Prose Com- 

position. Reading of unpointed texts. 


Courses in Faculty of Divinity. 475 


Reading and Exposition of portions of the Historical, Poetical, 
and Prophetical Books of the Old Testament. For Session 
1896-97, Deuteronomy i.-xvili.; Psalms, Book ii.; Micah, Nahum. 

Discussion of Critical and Historical Questions connected 
with the Books read. 

Oral and Written Examinations. 

The Senior Hebrew Class will be the Graduating Class in 
Hebrew for the Ordinary Degree of Master of Arts; and any 
student who desires to attend this Class with a view to Gradua- 
tion in Arts must previously pass an examination, in accordance 
with Sect. IV. subs. 3 of the Regulations. 

The examination will include plain passages for translation 
from and into Hebrew, and grammatical questions. 

Those who propose, in a subsequent Session, to take up 
Hebrew as one of their Graduation Subjects, will have an 
opportunity of attending the Junior Class in that language 
during the Session 1896-97. 

B.—ARABIC—3 29 4. 

The course of instruction in Arabic extends over one summer 
and two winter Sessions. 

(1) A Preparatory Class for elementary Arabic is conducted 
during the Summer Session by the Ciass-Assistant, under the 
superintendence of the Professor. Jntending students of Arabic 
are strongly advised to take this Class. Text-books: Socin’s 
Arabic Grammar (New Edition, 1895) and Jacob’s Bible 
Chrestomathy. The fee is £2, 2s. 

(2) A Junior Class in continuation of the above, meeting three 
days a week in alternate sessions (next in 1897-98). Text-books: 
Socin’s Grammar and Bruennow’s Chrestomathy of Arabic Prose- 
pieces (1895). Elementary Arabic Composition. 

(3) A Senior Class, meeting three days a week in alternate 
sessions (next in 1896-97), for more advanced reading in prose 
and poetry, and for the Study of Arabic syntax and composi- 
tion. Text-books (besides those already mentioned) : The Koran 
(Fluegel’s edition), Margoliouth’s Chrestomathia Betdawiana 
(1895), Noeldeke and Mueller’s Delectus Veterum Carminum 


476 Courses in Faculty of Divinity. 


Arabicorum (1890), Wright’s Arabic Grammar (3rd edit., 
1896). 


The fee for each of these classes is £3, 35. 


C.—SyYRIAC—3 Zo 4. 

The Course of instruction in Syriac extends over two winter 
Sessions. 

(1) A Junior Class, meeting on two days a week in al/ernate 
sessions (next in 1896-97), for the study of the Grammar and the 
reading of portions of the Syriac gospels. Text-books: Nestle’s 
Syriac Grammar (1889), Syriac New Testament (Peshitta). 

(2) A Senior Class, meeting on two days a week in a/¢ernate 
sessions (next in 1897-98), for the study of syntax and composi- 
tion and for more advanced reading in prose and poetry, such 
as the extracts from Bar-Hebrzus and Ephrem Syrus in 
Roediger’s Chrestomathy (3rd edit.) and the Vzte Prophetarum 
in Nestle’s Grammar. 

The fee for each of these classes is £2, 2s. 


III. ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 
PROFESSOR TAYLOR. 

1. Lectures—Mondays and Tuesdays.—On The Beginnings 
of Christianity. 

2. Lectures—Wednesdays and Thursdays.—On The Refor- 
mation in Scotland from 1572. 

3. Text-Book—Fridays.—Kurtz’s “ History of the Christian 
Church.” First Division; Second Section. 

The work of the class includes three written examinations. 

For the Regulations of the Vans Dunlop Scholarship in 
“ History,”—value about £100 annually for three years,—see in 
CALENDAR under “ SCHOLARSHIPS IN ARTS” and “ SCHOLAR- 
SHIPS IN DIVINITY.” 


IV. BIBLICAL CRITICISM AND BIBLICAL 
ANTIQUITIES. 
PROFESSOR CHARTERIS. 


It is intended to occupy the principal portion of next Session 
with (i.) Lectures on (a) O/d Testament: some of the Poetical 


Faculty of Divinity—Lectureships. 477 


and Prophetical Books. (6) The Mew Testament: Exegetical 
Lectures on the Fourth Gospel. (11) Textual Criticism: 
MSS. and Versions (Scrivener’s “ Introduction ” recommended, 
Hammond’s “ Outlines” may be partly used as a handbook). 
(iii.) Formation of the Canon of the New Testament: evidence 
regarding Gospels and some of the Epistles. See the Pro- 
fessor’s text-book “ Canonicity.” 

There will be written and oral examinations, in which all 
regular students are required to take part ; and subjects of occa- 
sional voluntary essays will also be suggested. 


LECTLORESHIPS,. 
I.—GIFFORD LECTURES ON NATURAL THEOLOGY. 
Lecturer—Professor C. B. TIELE of Leyden. 

These Lectures were endowed by the late Adam Gifford, 
Senator of the College of Justice, “for promoting, advancing, 
teaching, and diffusing the study of Natural Theology in the 
widest sense of that term.” 

According to the Trust Deed, “the lecturers appointed shall 
be subjected to no test of any kind, and shall not be required to 
take any oath, or to emit or subscribe any declaration of belief, 
or to make any promise of any kind; they may be of any 
denomination whatever, or of no denomination at all; they 
may be of any religion or way of thinking, or, as is sometimes 
said, they may be of no religion; or they may be so-called 
sceptics or agnostics or free-thinkers ;—provided only that the 
‘patrons’ will use diligence to secure that they be able reverent 
men, true thinkers, sincere lovers of and earnest inquirers after 
truth. I wish the lecturers to treat their subjects as a strictly 
natural science, the greatest of all possible sciences, indeed, in 
one sense, the only science,—that of Infinite Being, without 
reference to or reliance upon any supposed special exceptional 
or so-called miraculous revelation. The lecturers shall be under 
no restraint whatever in their treatment of their theme. The 
lectures shall be public and popular, that is, open not only to 
students of the Universities, but to the whole community, with- 
out matriculation.” 


478 Class Prize Lists. 


11.--- ΤῊΝ GUNNING VICTORIA JUBILEE 
LECTURESHIP. 


Lecturer —HUGH MACMILLAN, D.D., LL.D. 


With a view to promote the study of Natural Science among 
candidates for the ministry, and to. bring out among ministers 
the fruits of study in Science, Philosophy, Language, Antiquity, 
and Sociology, Dr R. H. Gunning, of Edinburgh and Rio de 
Janeiro, has founded a Lectureship in the Faculty of Divinity 
of the University of Edinburgh, to be known as “ The Gunning 
Victoria Jubilee Lectureship.” 

The Gunning Lectureship is a triennial appointment of the 
value of £100, and the appointment shall be made by the 
Faculty of Divinity. The lecturer may be any Scottish Presby- 
terian clergyman at home, or in the Mission field, eminent in 
Science, Philosophy, Language, Antiquity, or Sociology, and 
the Lectures may be delivered in the University of Edinburgh, 
or such other place as the Faculty may appoint. 

The next appointment will be made at the close of Session 
1898-99. See Revised Scheme, p. 519 of CALENDAR 1889-90. 


Class Prize Wists, 
WINTER SESSION, 1895-96. 


DIVINITY. 


FOURTH YEAR. 
PRIZEMAN.—Wellwood Μ, Landale, M.A. 


THIRD YEAR. 

PRIZEMEN.—1. Walter R. Henderson, M.A.; 2. Sydney Smith, M.A.; 
3. Thomas Wilson, M.A.; 4. Wm. Gracie, M.A.; 5. L. Mac- 
lean Watt, M.A. 

HONOURABLE MENTION.—Thomas O. Duncan, M.A.; John Hender- 
son, M.A., and George Drummond, M.A.—equal, 


SECOND YEAR. 
PRIZEMEN.—1. W. W. Reid, M.A.; 2. James Wallace, M.A. ; 3. 
Andrew Mutch, M.A.; 4. James Rae Murdoch, 


Class Prize Lists. 479 


HonouRABLE MENTION.—James L. Buchanan, B.A., and E. fe 
Mitchell, M.A.—equal. 
FIRST YEAR, 


PRIZEMEN.—I. Wm. Walker, M.A. ; 2. Alex. M. Gordon, M.A.; 3. 
Robert Whyte, M.A.; 4. J. M. Lacey, M.A.; 5. Alex. Mitchell, 
M.A. 

HonouraBLE MENTION.—Alexander C. Buchanan, B.A., and D. 


Denholm Fraser, M.A.—equal. 
Ri ELINT, D:D., Professor. 


BIBLICAL CRITICISM. 


1. W. W. Reid and Thomas Wilson—equal (Medallists); 3. W. R. 
Henderson ; 4. Sydney Smith; 5. James L. Buchanan; 6. James 
Wallace. 

Essays.—1. W. R. Henderson and James Wallace—equal ; 3. James 
L. Buchanan and W. W. Reid—equal. 

Are, CHARTERIS, Dis, 270fessoz. 


ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 


PRIZEMEN.—1I. Walter R. Henderson, M.A., Edinburgh (JZedad/zst) ; 
2. Thomas W. Wilson, M.A., Blairhall, Scone; 3. William 
Walker, M.A., Edinburgh; 4. John Henderson, M.A., More- 
battle ; 5. William L. Gordon, M.A., Glenbervie. 

HONOURABLE MENTION.—6. George Drummond, M.A., Oban; 7. 
Alexander M. Gordon, M.A., Halifax, Nova Scotia; 8. David D. 
Fraser, M.A., Blair Athole. 

M. C. TAYLOR, D.D., Professor. 


HEBREW AND SEMITIC LANGUAGES. 
JUNIOR HEBREW CLASS. 


PRIZEMEN,—1I. John C. Mack, M.A. (Medallist); 2. 1). Denholm 
Fraser, M.A., Blair Athole; 3. William S. Simpson, M.A., 
Leslie ; 4. Richard Bell, Dumfriesshire. 

HonourABLE MENTION.—5. Alex. C. Buchanan, B.A., County Down ; 
6. John Wallace, Ayrshire; 7. G. Scott Phythian, Leeds; 8. 
Walter G. Mackean, Edinburgh. 


SENIOR HEBREW CLASS. 


PRIZEMEN.—1. John 5. Macdonald, M.A. (A/edallist), Ross-shire ; 2 
W. W. Reid, M.A., Inverness-shire ; 3. James B. Penman, M.A., 
Stranraer; 4. Alexander M. Gordon, M.A., Halifax, Canada. 

HoNoOURABLE MENTION.—5. James Wallace, M.A., Mid-Lothian ; 
6. William Walker, M.A., Edinburgh; 7. Andrew Mutch, M.A., 
Tillicoultry ; 8. Donald Munro, M.A., Aberfeldy. 

SPECIAL PRIZE FOR SUMMER READING.—James B. Penman, M.A., 
and W, W. Reid, M. A.—equal. 


480 Graduation tn Divinity. 


SENIOR SYRIAC CLASS. 
PRIZEMAN.—Fd. E. Anderson, M.A., Edinkillie. Proxime Accessit— 
Andrew Tweedie, M.A., Swinton. 


JUNIOR ARABIC CLASS, 


PRIZEMAN.—J. A. M‘Ilvride, Edinburgh. Proxime Accessit—George 
N. Dods, Duns. 


ARCHD. R. S. KENNEDY, D.D., Professor. 


0 


Graduation in Divinity. 
REGULATIONS FOR GRADUATION IN DIVINITY. 


(Candidates who began the study of Divinity with a view to Graduation before 
1st October 1895 ave referred to the CALENDAR for 1895-96 and to previous 
CALENDARS.) 


I. No one is admitted to examination as a Candidate for the Degree 
of Bachelor of Divinity (B.D.) unless he be (1) a Graduate in Arts of 
the University, and have taken a complete Theological Course in a 
Scottish University or Universities, or in an institution or institutions 
specially recognised for the purpose by the University Court, or partly 
in a Scottish University or Universities and partly in such institution or 
institutions ; or (2) a Graduate in Arts of any Scottish University or 
other University specially recognised as aforesaid, and has completed 
his Theological Course, of which not less than two years’ attendance 
has been given in this University. 

Il. The Examiners are the Professors of the subjects included in the 
examinations, and two additional Examiners appointed by the Uni- 
versity Court. The mode of conducting the examination is fixed from 
time to time by the Senatus Academicus. 

III. The subjects of examination are arranged in two departments : 
—The First Department embracing—(1) Hebrew, and (2) Apologetic 
Theology, or the Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion ; and the 
Second Department embracing —(1) Ecclesiastical History, (2) Sys- 
tematic Theology, and (3) Biblical Criticism and Biblical Antiquities. 

IV. Every Student who at the time when these Regulations came 
into operation had completed a part of his Theological Course with a 
view to Graduation as B.D., under Regulations hitherto in force, and 
shall thereafter complete his course of study in conformity with such 
Regulations, may become a Candidate for the Degree of B.D. without 
complying with the provisions of these Regulations. 

V. The Degree of B.D. is in no case conferred on persons who have 
not complied with the conditions hereinbefore set forth, and is not con- 
ferred honoris causd tantum. 


Graduation in Divinity. 481 


Candidates are required to communicate their names, together with 
evidence of their being qualified in terms of the above Regulations, to 
the Dean of the Faculty of Divinity, at least one week before the day 
appointed for the Examination. 

The subjects of examination for 1896-97 are as follows :— 


DEPARTMENT I. 
I. Hebrew— 
(1.) Questions in Grammar. 
(2.) Translation into Hebrew Prose. 
(3.) Micah, Nahum. 
(4.) Psalms, Book ii. (Psalms xliii.-Ixxii.). 
(5.) Deuteronomy i.-xviil. (the unpointed text). 

Candidates will be expected to show some knowledge of the history 
from the call of Isaiah to beginning of the Exile, and of the textual 
and historical criticism of the books prescribed. 

11. Apologetic Theology— 

(1.) Materialism and Positivism. 
(2.) The Preparation in History for Christianity. 
(3.) The Life and Work of Christ in relation to Apologetics. 


DEPARTMENT II. 
I. Leclesiastical History— 
(1.) The Main Facts in the Development of the Constitution, 
Doctrine, and Worship of the Church from 100 to 451 
A.D. (2.) The History of the Church in Scotland 
during the 17th Century. 
Il. Systematic Theology— 
(1.) The Sources of Christian Doctrine, and the Place, 
Functions, Method and History of Christian Dogmatics. 
(2.) The Doctrines of the Trinity and Incarnation. 
(3.) The Doctrine of the Atonement. 
Ill. Biblical Criticism and Biblical Antiquities— 
Manuscripts, Versions, and the more important Disputed 
Passages of the New Testament. (As in Scrivener’s 
“¢ Introduction.”’) 
Introduction to Poetical and Prophetical Books of Old Testament, 
and Professor Robertson’s ‘‘ Early Religion of Israel.” 
Introduction to Gospels. 


“*Canonicity,” pp. 53-99, 167-195. 


FEES. 
Fee for Degree of B.D., : YAS ἃ 
When the Examination zs Laken at two per tods — 
The Fee for the First is . : 5 24S) 
For the Second, a 2; 2 


Candidates who fail to pass in one or more subjects pay a fee of 
105. 6d. for re-examination in each subject. 


2 


4853 Degree of B.D.—Examination Papers. 


TIME-TABLE AND DATES OF ENTERING FOR EXAMINATIONS, 


1896-97. 
1896. 
Oct- S13) au. Names to be entered and fees paid on or before this 
date.! 
xy oh © ie Hebrew, 10 a.m. ; Apologetics, 2 p.m. 
»» 21. Wed. Ecclesiastical History, 10 a.m. ; Divinity, 2 p.m. 
SSE ez obs Biblical Criticism, 10 a.m. 
1897. 
Mar. 22. Tu. Names to be entered and fees paid ov or before this 
date.! 
ἘΠ 5ΟΣ Cou Hebrew, 10 a.m. ; Apologetics, 2 p.m. 


.» 31. Wed. Ecclesiastical History, 10 a.m. ; Divinity, 2 p.m. 
April τ, Th. Biblical Criticism, 10 a.m. 

Every Candidate for Examination or for Graduation must matricu- 
late for the Academic year in which he appears for Examination or for 
Graduation, and pay the Fee of £1 for Registration as a Member of 
the General Council (if not already a Member) at /east one clear day 
before the date of Graduation. 

The fees for Matriculation, for Examinations for Degrees, and for 
Registration of Graduates as Members of the General Council, are pay- 
able at the Matriculation Office, University. When Candidates can- 
not attend personally to pay the fees, they should transmit them to 
T. GILBERT, University, Edinburgh, by Post Office or Postal Orders, 
or by Bank Drafts, crossed “" Union Bank of Scotland (Hunter Square 
Branch), Edinburgh,” and not by cheques on private accounts. 


Examination Papers. 
DEPARTMENT I. 


I. HEBREW. 


TUESDAY, 3152 March 1896.—10 fo 1 o'clock. 
A 


I. (2) Point and translate :— 


[p22 pown πῦρ Ss vin ἽΝ 


Novem 15 mn AyD yy9p5 ayonny 


1 When names are not entered, nor fees paid, on or before the stated dates, an 
additional or late-entry fee of ten shillings must be paid before the Candidate can 
be admitted to examination. A Candidate is not held to be entered for the 
Examination until his name is entered, the fee paid, and all the necessary certifi- 
cates, &c., lodged. 


Degree of B.D.— Examination Papers. 483 
‘oy mow mine ΟΝ no vos nope 
S77 DY NN AOWHD JIN DN 5 PIT aw 12 
MS Jon23) Joya TP 13»}3 1:2 πο Ὁ 
Bay J9yn ΠΝ Deyo ‘na ἸΝΟΘῚ ἽΝ Π 
Bes ΠΟΙ ΠΡ" On WX ΠΡῚΝΠ3 
m5y ἸῸΝ Oy TWN δὰ PIN ΠΝ ΚΜΊΠΠ 
Wks Yan yo 1» ow nivn sna 
‘oy PPD NID ΠΟῪ SPINA arpa ΠῚΠ 4 
yyy sntn MNA AYA Ἵπόρ Joy 1}3}5 
Wom (135... ΞΡ S30 15. Ae 
navn ᾽ν ΥἽΝ 5531 YTS. yesh 
SOs AYID NIP fD9yN 285 pons 
po'7o85 instr 155 ἽΝ FANS) AyD 

ΣῊΝ Δ 


Discuss the derivation of the name AY given by E. 
Give the exact force of } before last word of v. 1; 
also the syntax of the acc. "ΠΝ in 24, and of the 
remaining words of the sentence. In v. 56 LXX 
reads: καὶ ἐξωλοθρεύθη ἡ γῆ κτλ; Yemark on this. 
How does this version read the word wa, and what 


( 


we 


help does it give us in locating the district referred 
to? 


11. (a) Translate :— 
PINTS LANNY | PTD DVNE DMA aw ma 1, 2 


484 
(0) 
(c) 
(ὦ) 
III. (a) 


Degree of B.D.—Examination Papers. 

“AS APR sine ΠΥ ΟΡ ὙΠΟ ΟἿ) DHA 3 
phe ovowia avy stony asim navn rnp 4 

Ὁ ΠΟΤ ἸΣΝΎΠΣΣ YBN WN TAT mes ouayos WAN 5 
nin) pray ΠΊΒΟΝ WAPI ΠΟΥ ΟΝ vo IDI νὴ ὁ, 7 
MOAN WIND ONLI EPA BT YN ΠΡῚΝ YR AS IN 8 
Yoo ane Sava Dy ΕΥ̓ ΒΕΝ IPA Seah) Bt 9 
ΕΝ, pee sy zen ORD APY) toYEIA νὴ) το 
HRN TIAPH2 TIA yy ANA ThAThy say ae | 
ΕἾΔ *Dinrb> “wis TEN DYHD ay TTT INN 


What is peculiar in the plural form ood (1)? . Give 
the adverb from p ; also two Greek words equi- 
valent to mvp, Explain the etymology and inflexion 
of y'NIDW (3), and the vocalization of syndy (7). 
Parse fully pynn (9), and explain the LXX rendering 
ποιμανεῖς. Remark on syntax of last two words. 
Indicate some of the attempts (including those of 
the versions) to explain or emend the first two words 
of v.12. What is meant by the “orphan Psalms”? 
Which Pss. of Bk. I. come under this category ? 
Discuss briefly the Messianic import of this Psalm. 


Translate :— 

Bp pinn tendons Bmp sans Ayn MIMI 4 2 
Tex eT MNT Dy MN PIA EMR MEAP! MEY 3 
Times 3b) WED wpa wD wi IN ANYwWA win? 4 
Min) Noo MEP yep ANT) Ny Naw SBN 5 


:DE TT nim ἼΝΟΟΣ Npepom. yw os rans 6 


Degree of B.D.—Examination Papers. 485 
sAyIan ywyd MEM DIN DAA nw ΡΣ ὉΣΠ ΟΞ 7, 8 
rmarbey naiefa sadn ΠΡΌ ὙΦ ARAN yy, NP aye’ 
Inpioyy 5p riness beep nya an wien 9, 10 
WY WED PID Wo os Tes 1 Ain) ANNA 
YD NaN, 


(ὁ) Add short notes on any grammatical, textual, or 
other peculiarity suggested by the following :— 


(1) pnd (v. 1); (2) ΩΣ (v. 2); (3) the M. T. of 
v. 3a; (4) the arrangement of clauses in vv. § and 6; 


(5) the M. Τὶ of v. 7; the syntax of yy) xb (v. 8). 
(c) What textual emendation has been proposed for the 
following :— 


yyy yor ‘NT 
23 MIND ANID 
(4) Discuss the meaning of the phrase may aw, and 
8 Ρ : 


say how far we are justified in taking it as an indica- 
tion of date in any Psalm where it may occur. 


B 
I. TRANSLATION. 
. (2) Translate :— 
DIN JEN) DADS BN. DT? PR MP WIND 4 


UN TANTD NDAON TWD OA DRA PANN 5 
an HN. Wwe ΕἼΝΞΡΕ TBD WE NIN MD 6 
SPU ΠΥΡῚ Mi pin 12 NIT NQAATAN ΠΡ ΠΡῚ 

SMBITAN YTS, ὙΠΑῚ, “Hage wea NIP 987 


panda sib outer Dem wh Dy TWW-DY seyin 8, 9 


486 Degree of B.D.—Examination Papers. 
nye MNP Wy) OAT 1) OND BONNY VAN sap 


MON TUONO) aye pA, ODM way wpe? 


(6) Remark on the meaning of 7wND in verse 4 ; and 
distinguish the signification of the synonymous verbs 
in verse 7. 
(c) Discuss the parsing and precise signification of 1¥2)3 
in verse 9. 
II. (a) Translate :— 
qua sp Σ ὙΠ ya PAIN NPI ΔΕΞῚ 7 
NT PIP DIDTNY ἐδ MW] PIM MD POW 
sys ps ‘a ΠΊΠΥ ὮΝ) YN ΡΝ, WAP] O33 
WN) Pb Fda 3. :AbeD DM wPM was 
Ἣν syyba apmy avi YA TAY 3. ANB 
rmaviny ‘brava pipan ‘oy ΟΞ 2a WNT TN 
Maso MADE IN) MNTMY 72 1D ἼΞΞ3ΟΞ AN 
Moy 2D MINWD IN 11 OUD MN ARDY Πρ 
On ΠΡῚΝ 
(4) What variation is suggested for 723, in verse 17, by 


Lowth, following old versions? 

(c) In verse 18, LXX version ends περιθήσεις αὐτοὺς ὡς 
κόσμον νύμφη. How does Lowth account for this? 
What is Lagarde’s view? 

(4) Parse and derive “yn, in verse 19. 


11, HEBREW PROSE. 


I. When the prince’s first-born son stretched out his hand, 
all perceived that it was snow-white with leprosy. He himself 
was terribly afraid, and said, “ What is this which has happened 


16,1 


8 


-_ 


_ 


9 


20 


ry ua 


Degree of B.D.—Examination Papers, 487 


tome? Jehovah is surely very angry. [f I still refuse to keep 
His commandments, as I have done this very day, then He 
will execute judgment upon me: so I| will go to Him now, and 
say, ‘Pardon my sin only this once, and remember the covenant 
which Thou didst swear unto Abraham.’” Going away to 
God’s temple, therefore, he kneeled down before it; for they 
would not admit a leper: and even while he prayed, the young 
man’s hand was made whole. 

II. “ And:so he laid him down to sleep: and anon, as he 
was asleep, it befell him that he had a vision. He thought 
there came a man before him all encompassed with stars ; and 
that man had a crown of gold on his head, and led in his 
fellowship seven kings and two knights; and all these wor- 


shipped the cross (aby), kneeling upon their knees, holding up 


their hands to heaven, and all they said, ‘ Fair, sweet Father of 
heaven, come and visit us.’ Then the dreamer looked up to 
heaven, and it seemed to him that the clouds opened, and that 
an old man came down with a company of angels and gave 
them his blessing.” 


III. Times oF ISAIAH. 


I. Write a short note on Isaiah’s immediate relatives and 
their names. 

II. Expand, with one or two dates, the following statement 
by Driver :—“The period of the reign of Shalmaneser IV. 
marks the first beginning of an altered attitude on the part 
of both Israel and Judah towards Assyria, due, at least in a 
measure, to the encouragement received from the valley of 
the Nile.” 

III. Examine the following statement :—‘ To Isaiah was 
granted what was refused to his successor Jeremiah—once more 
to restrain, through the might ot his prophetic power arising 
from the deep and strong spirit of faith, the coming of the 
night which threatened at the time of the Assyrian judgment to 
engulf his people.”—-DELITZSCH. 


488 Degree of B.D.—Examination Papers. 


II. APOLOGETIC THEOLOGY. 
TuEspAy, 31st March 1896.—2z 10 § o'clock. 


MopERN AGNOSTICISM. 


1. Trace the historical developments of Agnosticism, and 
note modern forms of it, philosophical and religious. 

2. Discuss the views of any important modern writer on 
the grounds or foundations of belief. 

3. Examine the positions taken up by Modern Agnostics 
in regard to the proposition—“ An eternal existence pos- 
sessed of consciousness and energy is the First Cause of 
all things.” 

4. Comment on the argument—“ The conception of a 
divine will derived from the human will involves, like it, 
localisation in space and time . . . and is therefore incon- 
sistent with that omnipresent activity which simultaneously 
works out an infinity of ends.” 


THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST AND THE THEORIES 
REGARDING IT. 


τ. What does Scripture teach as to the nature of the 
risen body of our Lord? Examine the views of any three 
eminent writers on the subject. 

2. Consider these statements of Pfleiderer—‘‘ According 
to the testimony of Paul, confirmed by allusions in Mark 
and JLuke... ὦ Peter, the man of vivid feeling and of 
generally excitable soul, was the first to come to the con- 
viction that the Crucified One was living.” “ His convic- 
tion worked on the others so that soon they also experienced 
sas moments of enthusiastic vision.” 

3. Adduce proof, without referring to the historical books 
of the New Testament, that Peter, John, and Paul believed 
in the Resurrection of C hrist. 

4. Trace the history of belief and controversy regarding 
the Resurrection of Christ from the close of the Apostolic 
Age to the end of the Eighteenth Century. 


Degree of B.D.—Examination Papers. 489 


St PauUL AND HIS WRITINGS IN RELATION TO 
CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS. 


1. What Life of Christ could be constructed from the 
Epistles of St Paul? Consider the objections that the 
references to the historical Christ are of a very general 
character and do not include miracles. 

2. By what apologetic arguments does St Paul show 
(a) that Judaism was a preparation for, and was destined to 
be displaced by Christianity ? and (ὁ) the reasonableness of 
the Christian doctrine of the General Resurrection ? 

3. Give an account of Paley’s /Zorae Paulinae, and state 
your views as to the value of his argument. 

4. Give a general view of St Paul’s teaching regarding the 
Resurrection of the Dead, and point out its apologetic 
interest and bearings. 


DEPARTMENT II. 
CHURCH, HISTORY. 
WEDNESDAY, τοῦ April 1896.—10 o'clock. 
THE EARLY CHURCH. 


τ. Sketch the history of Apologetic literature in the period 
prior to the Council of Niczea. 

2. Give some account of the Gnosticism of Carpocrates 
and of Saturninus. 

3. Who were the “ Three Great Cappadocians” ? Give 
some account of each. 

4. Write a note on the following passage: ‘‘ There were 
disciplinarians in the Church who contended that the guilt 
of the /el/atici was as great as that of the sacrificati and 
thurificatt.” 

5. Trace the development of ritual between 150 and 250, 
and state what general causes may have contributed to such 
an advance. 

6. Outline the nature and history of the Origenistic 
Controversies, with dates. 


490 Degree of B.D.—Examination Papers. 


7. Give a short narrative of the growth of Mariolatry to 
the middle of the fifth century. 

8. Sketch the history of Manichzeism, and indicate briefly 
its peculiar tenets. 


ScotrisH CHURCH HIsTORY. 


9. Give the substance of the Acts of Parliament of 
August 1560, directed against Roman Catholicism. 

το. Make notes on the following: (a) The Negative 
Confession, (2) The Twopenny Faith, (c) The Black Acts. 

11. Give some account of (a) John Durie; (4) John 
Davidson of Liberton ; (c) Patrick Adamson. 

12. Discuss the following: “The idea of spiritual 
independence . . . unknown by Knox was fully developed 
by Melville.” 

13. Enlarge on the following topic: ‘At this very time 
[1581] presbyteries were springing into existence.” 

14. “The year 1596 is peculiarly memorable in the 
history of the Church of Scotland.” Illustrate this statement. 


Il. SYSTEMATIC ΤΗΝΕ 
WepNEsDAY, Ist April 1896.—2 20 5 o'clock. 
Tue History or THEOLOGY IN SCOTLAND. 


t. What early Scottish Protestant theologians taught 
Supralapsarian and Infralapsarian doctrines? What views 
found acceptance in Scotland in the Seventeenth Century, 
as to (a) the nature of sin, (4) the necessity of redemp- 
tion, (c) the action of the divine will in Nature, and (4) the 
evidence for Scripture being the Word of God. 

2. Describe briefly the doctrinal views of John Cameron, 
Boston, “The Aberdeen Doctors,” Dr Chalmers and Thomas 
Erskine of Linlathen. 

3. What were the characteristics of Scottish Theology in 
the Seventeenth Century? How are they to be explained ? 
Remark on Buckle’s estimate of Scottish Theology in the 
Seventeenth Century. 


Degree of B.D.— Examination Papers. 491 


4. What have been the chief causes affecting the develop- 
ment of Scottish Theology in the Nineteenth Century ? 


SUBJECTIVE SOTERIOLOGY. 


1. Give a connected view of the soteriological teaching 
of the Ritschlian school of theology, and examine its 
validity. 

2. What views as to “Assurance of Salvation” and “ The 
Perseverance of the Saints” seem to you most in keeping 
with the teachings of Scripture and experience? Give 
reasons. 

3. Can the Work of the Holy Spirit in Sanctification be 
distinguished from moral suasion and the providential 
efficiency of God? Criticise the Romish doctrine of 
Good Works. 

4. How are Regeneration, Repentance, and Faith related 
to one another? Show that your answer is in accordance 
with the teaching of the New Testament. 


THE BIBLE DOCTRINES OF CREATION, PROVIDENCE, 
AND MAN. 


1. What phases of New Testament teaching have you 
noted regarding the nature, the mediating principle, and 
the purpose of the act of creation? Show how these stand 
related to the views of the Old Testament and the Old 
Testament Apocrypha, and explain the Hebrew and Greek 
words employed to convey the idea of creating. 

2. Is it necessary to attempt to harmonise the Elohistic 
creation narrative in Genesis with the science of Geology? 
Have attempts to do so succeeded? Indicate reasons for 
your answers. 

3. How has the general idea of Providence been analysed 
by theologians? What are the chief questions which seem 
to you to require discussion in connection with the Doctrine 
of Providence? 

4. Discuss, with explanation of terms and reference to 
important passages of Scripture, the doctrine which explains 
the nature of man as consisting of three distinct sybstances. 


402 Degree of B.D.—Examination Papers. 


it; BIBLICAL “CRELIGISING 
TuHuRSDAY, 27a April 1896.—10 20 τ o'clock. 
I.—MANUSCRIPTS AND DISPUTED PASSAGES. 


r. At end of Matthew vi. 6 the T.R. has ἐν τῶ φανερῷ, 
supported by EG K LMSUXTATI 33 lata dcfh 
syrr goth eth arm. 

Omit: BDZw τ vulg lat-/f, ¢ & syr-cu coptt. 

Write out the meaning of these symbols; and give some 
account in detail of—(i) the uncials denoted by Greek 
Letters ; (ii) the cursives ; (ili) the old Latin MSS. denoted 
by italic letters; (iv) the versions other than Syriac and 
Latin. 

2. Name the leading Syriac versions; state their dates 
approximately ; and discuss their comparative values. 

3. Acts xx. 28: . . . τὴν ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ Θεῦυ ἣν περιεποιήσωτο 
διὰ τοῦ ἰδίου αἵματος. 

What variations are there in regard to the reading of this 
passage P 

Discuss the evidence and state the reading and the 
rendering which you think best. 


II.—History ΟΕ OLp TESTAMENT INTRODUCTION. 


Answer either 1 or 2, which are alternative questions. 


1. Mention what services were rendered to the printed 
text of the Old Testament by Moubigant and Samuel 
Davidson. 

2. Give some account of the writings of De Wette and 
estimate his critical position as compared with that of 
Ewald. 

3. State what you know of Semler, Herder, Jahn, Reuss. 

4. “ The first writer who ever breathed a suspicion that 
Isaiah was not the author of the last twenty-seven chapters 
was 4 

State what name should fill up the blank, and mention 
the chief writers who followed him, and also leading 
defenders of the integrity of the book, before 1850. 


Degree of B.D.-— Examination Papers. 493 


III.—RoseErtson’s ‘EARLY RELIGION OF ISRAEL.” 


Answer either 2 or 3, which are alternative questions. 


1. What is the view of the ‘Sons of the Prophets” taken by 
the modern school of Old Testament critics? State Professor 
Robertson’s inference from the frequent allusions thereto. 

2. What, according to Stade, distinguished the Israelitish 
conception of Jahaveh from the conceptions of the heathen 
with regard to their deities? How does Professor Robertson 
deal with this point? 

3. Remark on the accuracy of topographical details in the 
Biblical narratives as a testimony to their historical value. 

4. “Though I write for him My law in ten thousand pre- 
cepts, they are counted as a strange thing.”—HosEa viil. 
ThA Ἐπν- 

Show the value of this passage as a witness to the early codi- 
fication of law, and state how Wellhausen evades its force. 

5. Dothe prophets deny the Divine authority of sacrifice ? 


IV.—THE PASTORAL EPISTLES. 
Answer either 3 or 5, which are alternative questions. 


1. When were these Epistles written, if by St Paul ? 

Show why you fix on this date, and compare other theories 
as to their date. 

2. State and examine the arguments for a second im- 
prisonment of St Paul. 

3.°By whom was Timothy ordained? Examine the 
leading texts which bear on his ordination. 

4. As suggested by the circumstances of Timothy’s life, 
and by the teaching of the Pastoral Epistles, have you come 
to any conclusions regarding the ‘‘ Apostolical Succession ” 
of office in the Christian Church ? 

5. 1 Timothy v..17: Οἱ καλῶς προεστῶτες πρεσβύτεροι διπλῆς 
τιμῆς ἀξιούσθωσων, μάλιστα οἱ κοπιῶντες ἐν λόγῳ καὶ διδασκαλίᾳ. 

Translate and comment upon this passage, especially 
upon προεστῶτες and κοπιῶντες. 

6. What is the nature and value of the argument against 
the Pauline authorship of these epistles founded on style? 


494 Bachelors of Divinity. 


THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF DIVINITY. 


Ist August 1895. 
John Anderson, M.A. 


11th April 1896. 


James Croskery, M.A. 
George Drummond, M.A. 


William Lindsay Gordon, M.A. 


John Henderson, M.A. 


Henry Maclaurin Lamont, M.A. 
Thomas Pullar, M.A. 

Sydney Smith, M.A. 

Charles Henry Titterton M.A. 


Walter RobertsonHenderson,M. A. | Thomas Wilkie Wilson. 


DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF DIVINITY (D.D.).? 

The Degree of Doctor of Divinity is conferred honoris causd tantum, 
—and is granted in absence in special cases only. The Register of 
Doctors of Divinity begins in 1709, with the names of Edmund 
Calamy, Daniel Williams, and Joshua Oldfield. The names of Evans, 
Harris, and Isaac Watts follow in 1728. The Register now includes 
above 300 names. 

The following is a list of those who have received the Degree of 
Doctor of Divinity in the years 1889-96 inclusively ? :— 

1889. 1893. 
Thomas Nicol, B.D. 


*Griffith John. 
| Thomas B. W. Niven. 


*Professor Abraham Kuenen. | 
Archibald Henry Sayce, M.A. | George Adam Smith, 
Norman M. L. Walker. James Wells, M.A. 
1890. 1894. 
David Douglas Bannerman. William Hastie, M.A., B.D. 
R. H. Lundie, M.A. J. A. M‘Clymont, M.A., B.D. 
Canon J. H. Overton. J. C. M‘Phail. 
1801. William Muirhead. 
Richard Glover. 1895. 
Robert Hutton, M.A. Robert G. Balfour. 
*John Gibson Paton. * Alexander Marshall, M.A. 
D. W. Simon, M.A., Ph.D. Charles Moinet, M.A. Ν 
1892. | John Patrick, M.A., B.D. 
William Balfour. | J. Guinness Rogers, B.A. 
Cornelius Giffen. *David Sidey. 
Newham Hall. 


11th April 1896. 
Rey. Alexander Williamson, West St Giles’ Church, Edinburgh. 


29th May 1896. 
Rev. David Clement Scott, B.D., Blantyre, Central Africa. 


ι Those to whom the Degree has been offered, if unable to be present at the 
Graduation Ceremonial immediately ensuing, may present themselves at any sub- 
sequent ceremonial, on giving at least a week’s notice. Ἶ 

2 The names of those who received the Degree, prior to 1859, will be found in the 
“ Catalogue of the Graduates in the Faculties of Arts, Divinity, and Law of the Uni- 
versity, since its foundation,” published in 1858, and the names of those who received 
the Degree from 1859 to 1888, both years included, will be found in the List of 
Graduates, published in 1889. * Conferred ix absentia. 


Bursaries in Divinity. 495 


Hursaries, Scholarships, Fellowships, &c. 
I.— BURSARIES. 


A.—PRESENTATION BURSARIES. 


ὗ So wg Annual 
Ξ Total oe] vi 
ae q 2) Name of Founder. | Annual ᾿ς g g Alewance Patrons. | 
1 ale Peon: Ag ™ leach Bursar. 
I. |1703}/Agnes Nairne. ΟΣ οἱ 4a) leas |x ae Senatus Academicus. 
II. |r7x5|Sir James M‘Lurg of, 16 6 8| 1 | 4 | 416 6 8 |Capt. R. G. G. Gil- 
1764, Vogrie, sometime) | mour of Craig- 
Dean of Guild of millar, rst and 3rd 
Edinburgh; — and| ] | Presentations. 
Rev. John Penman, |The Dean of Guild 
Minister of Both- of Edinburgh, 2nd 
kennar. | Presentation. 
Heirs of William 
Brown, surgeon, 
4th Presentation. 
About About 
III. [r766)Rev. Robert Alex-| 19 0 of 1 | 4 19 0 o Kirk-Session of Gir- 
ander, Minister of van and Presbytery 
Girvan. of Ayr. 
TV. r838/Robert Blair, D.D.,| 14 8 of] 1 | 4 14 8 o |Governors of George 
Barton St Andrews, Heriot’s Trust. 
Norfolk 
About About |The Principal, and 
V. 11838 Do. Do 2300 Θ᾽}, || 4 23 0 o| Profs. of Hebrew, 
Divinity, Church 
History. 


I. In abeyance at present. 

Il. The A¢‘Lurg and Penman Bursary is tenable for four years at the Theo- 
ogical Classes. No person shall be presented to the Bursary who is not a Master 
wf Arts of a Scottish University. 

Ill. This Bursary consists of the interest of £420, lent on heritable security, and 
££75, 17s. of accumulated interest. It must be held by a Student from the parish 
f Girvan, presented by the Session ; whom failing, by one within the Presbytery 
f Ayr, to be appointed by the Presbytery. 

IV. The Blair Bursary can be held only by a young man who has been brought 
p in George Heriot’s Hospital,and has become a Student of Divinity in the 
Jniversity of Edinburgh. The amount depends on the rate of dividend payable 
m the stock in which the foundation money is invested. 

ΙΝ, To be applied for the benefit of a Student of Divinity, whether a graduate 
not. BLursar—1895, 7. Δ᾽, Spottiswood. 


496 


Bursaries in Divinity. 


No. of 


Foundation. 


B.—COMPETITION BuRSARIES.! 


we . 
2 Total [δ ἢ 
ξ Ξ Name of Founder. | Annual ᾿ ὁ ἦ 
a fy Income. |4 Ps 
1646| Buchanan of that Ilk.|Z20 16 8 | 1 
1666|William Struthers ἃ 
1685|Archbishop Leighton. ᾿ τὸ sD) ἢν: 
τό8γ Απάγενν Ramsay and] 16 13 4 I 
Sir Andw. Ramsay 
of Abbotshall. 
1695|King William ITT. 50) .00))]| ὦ 
1867|Miss Mary Ettles off 118 9. ο] 3 
Inverness. 
1873|Grierson of Ogscas-| 80 0 οἱ 3 
tle’s Trustees. 
1878|Mrs Isabella Webster.| 150 ο ? 
1878|Dr Andrew Thomson| to0 0 οἱ 4 
1879|Mrs Barbara Mylne.| 30 0 οἱ 1 
1838]. Stewart Hepburn] 13 2 6] 1 
of Colquhalzie, Esq. 
1858 Do. Do. 13 2 26) |x 
1864 Do. Do. 13 2 ὍΣ 
1882|William Renton. τὸ 48 || ees 
1884|Robert Hunter. 33 15 o| 2 
1889|James Simson, Edin-| 175 0 οἱ 7 
burgh. 
About 
1892)Thomas_ Lockerby,] 32 ὁ o| 1 
London. 
|7856|John Sharp, ἔβαν 18 0 o/] 1 
Perth. 


I. The Buchanan Bursary is open for competition to all Masters of Arts of any: 
the Universities of Scotland, or to Students who have passed the necessary Exan 
inations for the Degree of M.A., but have deferred their Graduation with a view! 
Honours, and who are entering on their first or second Session in the Faculty | 
Divinity in the University of Edinburgh. No person is admissible to competitic 
who has for more than one Session been a Student in the Faculty of Divinity > 
The Bursar holds the Bursary for three year 
subject to this condition, that he shall, during that period, give regular attendanc 
as a Student of Theology, in the University. 
emicus desirable, for the purpose of distributing the benefits of competiti’ 
Bursaries in Theology among Students of different years, it is lawful, for th 
purpose only, to appoint a Student for a shorter period. 
Bursary along with any other Bursary, Fellowship, or Scholarship in any Scotti 


any of the 


University. 


11. The Struthers and Leighton Bursary is open by competition to all Studer 


1 The values of these Bursaries are subject to deduction of the fees paid to the Examiners. 


Scottish Universities. 


—Vacant. 


is) 


> WwW 


Annual 


Allowance 


to 


each Bursar. 


ON OAN A 


If it appears to the Senatus Aca: 


No person can hold t] 


Patrons. 


Town Council. 
Do. 
Do. 


Senatus Academicus. 
Senatus. 


Senatus. 


L Senatus. 


Trus.of Dr Thomson. 
Moderator, Procura- 
tor, and Principa 
Clerk of Genera 
Assembly. 
Committee of the 
Peeshyiery. of Edin 
0. 


Do. 
Profs. of Theology. 
Principal and Profs. 
Presbytery of Edin 


burgh. 


Senatus. 


The Presbytery ὁ 
Perth. 


Bursaries in Divinity. 497 


who are Masters of Arts, or who have passed all the examinations necessary for 
admitting them to the degree of Master of Arts, and who are entering on their first 
session of attendance in the Faculty of Divinity in the said University. —Vacant. 

111. By Ordinance, No. 81, of the Univ. Com., and subsequent Order in Council, 
} the regulations for this Bursary are the same as those for the Buchanan Bursary. 
| Bursar—1893, Donald Munro, M.A. 
| IV. By Ordinance, No. 76, of the Universities’ Commissioners, and subsequent 
) Order in Council, each King William Bursary is open to competition to all Masters of 
) Arts of any of the Universities of Scotland, or Students who have passed the neces- 
sary examinations for the Degree of M.A., and who have attended for one Session, 
and no more, in the Faculty of Divinity in the University of Edinburgh : Provided 
that no person shall be a competitor who has attended for one or more Sessions in 
the Faculty of Divinity in any other of the Scottish Universities. The examina- 
tions in the competition shall be conducted by the Professors in the Faculty of 
Divinity in the University. Each Bursar shall hold his Bursary for two years, 
subject to the condition that he shall, during that period, give regular attendance 
asa Student of Theology in the University. No person shall hold either of the 
Bursaries along with any other Bursary, Fellowship, or Scholarship of any Scot- 
“tish University. When the two Bursaries fall vacant at one time, one Bursar 
shall be appointed for two years, and the other for one year. Az7sar—1896, 

W. 2. Webster. 
®) V. Founded in memory of her brother, J. Ettles, Esq., of Havannah. Open 
to those who have passed all the examinations for M.A., and are in the first year 
of their theological course. Cannot be held with any other Bursaries or Scholar- 
ships. Sze Deed of Foundation in CALENDAR for 1867-68. Bursazs—t1893, 
Urederick Hendry, M.A. 1894, W. W. Reid, M.A. 1895, William Walker, 
M.A. 

VI. As in the case of the Faculty of Arts (see No. XLVII.), a student from the 
darishes of Crawford or Leadhills, is, if found duly qualified in respect of attain- 
nents, appointed to a Bursary in his first year, and holds it (unless he has failed to 
how himself a diligent student) to the end of his Theological curriculum. Failing 
ny student from those favoured parishes, the Bursary or Bursaries will be thrown 
ypen to competition, but the winner only holds his Bursary for one year in each 
vase. In the second and third years a student from Crawford or Leadhills has 
in a preference, but holds the Bursary for one year only. See p. 372 of CALEN- 
AR, 1877-78. Lursars, 1895—First year, vacant ; second year, 2. G. Janiteson, 
M.A. ; third year, George Drummond, M.A. 

VII. Founded by Mrs Isabella Webster, 38 Heriot Row, Edinburgh, in 
aemory of her husband, George Webster, Esq. There are three Bursaries, — 

wo of about £43 each, and one of 4375 10s., open to Students of Divinity in 
Mf onnection with the Church of Scotland in their first year, who have successfully 
issed all their Examinations for the degree of M.A. in any Scottish University, 
hether they have actually graduated or not. Each is tenable for three years. See 
)Jeed of Foundation in CALENDAR for 1878-79, p. 377. Buzsars—1893, Thomas 

W. Wilson, M.A. 1894, James Wallace, M.A. 1895, A. W. Gordon, M.A. 
VIII. For the Zhomson Bursaries application may be made to Messrs Traquair, 
Nickson ἃ Maclaren, 11 Hill Street. Candidates of the name of Thomson 
τ Traquair, or natives of the town or county of Dumfries, or of the city of Edin- 


21 


498 Bursartes in Divinity. 


burgh, preferred. The subjects of Examination are Latin and Classical Greek, 
Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, Mental Philosophy (including Logic) and 
Moral Philosophy and Elementary Hebrew, Apologetics, and Greek Testament. 
See p. 374 of CALENDAR for 1880-81.  Aursars—1893, Sydney Smith, M.A. 
1894, Murray Corson, M.A. 1895, William, Simpson, M.A. 

IX. Aine Bursary.—F¥ounded by Mrs Barbara Macaulay or MylIne, in memory 
of her husband, the Rev. Andrew Mylne, minister of the parish of Dollar. The 
Bursary (being the free proceeds of £750) which is for behoof of Students for the 
ministry of the Church of Scotland, of Scottish birth, tenable during the curricu- 
lum in Divinity, is awarded at the end of the session, after examination (of first 
year’s students) on the subjects taught in the Theological Classes during the session, 
No one may become a Candidate who has not given his whole time to study 
during the session preceding the date of Examination, nor may the holder engage 
in paid work during any session in which he holds the Bursary. It cannot be held 
along with any other Bursary, Scholarship, or Endowment. See Deed of Founda-§} 
tion at page 377 of CALENDAR for 1880-81—Vacant. 

X., XI., and XII. The sums attached to these Bursaries are payable te 
Divinity Students of the Church of Scotland of the first or second year towards the 
expense of their education at the University of Edinburgh. Each is tenable foi 
three years. For one bursary Gaelic-speaking students have a preference. 

XII. Founded by the late William Renton, of 20 Royal Terrace, Edinburgh, 
The Faculty of Theology are the Patrons and Trustees. The Bursary may be hele, 
for three years, if the Bursar continues so long to prosecute his studies in Theology 
at the University of Edinburgh, with a view to the ministry in the Church 6 
Scotland, and if not, then for the whole period he continues at the same. The 
student presented must have attained the age of sixteen, and not exceed the age 0 
twenty-one years, and must be appointed after an examination in the month ὁ 
November on such subjects as the Professors of the Faculty of Theology conside 
proper. Bursar—1893, Walter R. Henderson, M.A. 

XIV. Founded by the late Robert Hunter, Dalhousie, Chesters ; the Principa 
and Professors being Patrons. These Bursaries are for the benefit of Students 0 
the Church of Scotland, and are awarded at close of first Session in Divinity 
and are tenable for two years. Bursars must attend two Sessions in Chemistr 
and Geology, taking at least one of these Classes each Session. Students of th 
name of Hunter and Hamilton from the parishes of Temple or Cockpen hay 
a preference, but preferential Candidates must attain to a fixed percentage 
Bursars must produce certificates of diligence in the Classes of Chemistry ani 
Geology. See excerpt from Deed of Foundation, page 437 of CALENDAR fo 
1885-86. Bursar—1894, Henry M. Lamont, M.A. 

XV. These Bursaries are open to Students who are entering on their firs 
Session in Divinity, and are tenable for three years. For further details and suk 
jects of examination (which differ somewhat from the University Examination fe 
first year’s Bursaries), apply to the Rev. Dr Langwill, Currie, or to the Rev. Joh 
Patrick, Greenside, Edinburgh. Bursars — 1893, John Henderson, M.A. 
Thomas Duncan, M.A. ; George White, M.A. 18094, J. L. Buchanan; J. k 
Murdoch ; Andrew Mutch. 1895, A. C. Buchanan ; A. W. Mitchell. 

XVI. Founded by the late Thomas Lockerby, Esq., London. The Bursary 
tenable for three years, and is open to ‘‘ Students who desire to become ministe) 


Bursaries in Divinity. 499 


of the Church of Scotland only.” See Excerpt from Disposition, page 545 of 
CALENDAR for 1890-91. Bursar—1895, D. Denholm Fraser, M.A. 

XVII. Sharp Bursary.—This Bursary is of the annual value of £18, tenable 
for four years. The Bursar must be a Student of Divinity of the Church of Scot- 
land, and may prosecute his studies at any one of the Scottish Universities. 
Preference to any student being a native of or subject to the jurisdiction of the 
Presbytery of Perth. Apply to the Patrons. 


.§C.—PRESENTATION BURSARIES, open only to Graduates or Students who have 
: passed the necessary Examinations for the Degree of M.A., but have deferred 
their Graduation with a view to Honours. 


wee 4 
og Total |‘8 4]. 4| Annual 
La ota a} ΒΞ ἢ Ε 
ee ῷ 5) Name of Founder. Annual |o ἕ κα § yo enee Petrone 
> Income. |45| > 


jeach Bursar. 
| 


ie 1695|Robert Bayne of Pit-| £25 0 οἱ] 1 3 | 425 © ο |Society of Sons of the! 
cairley. Clergy. | 
II. 1695|James Nairne. Τό 139. ἢ I 3 16 13 4 |Prof. of Divinity. | 


I. This formerly belonged to Ferguson of Raith, and was sold by him to the late 
οἰ Principal Lee ; and by Principal Lee’s representatives to Professor Crawford ; and by 
rofessor Crawford’s representatives to the Society for the Sons of the Clergy. 
y Ordinance, No. 71, of the Universities’ Commissioners, and subsequent Order 
n Council, the following are the regulations as to this Bursary :—Each Bursar 
shall hold the Bursary for three years, subject to the condition that he shall, during 
hat period, give regular attendance as a Student in Theology in the University of 
~VEdinburgh. No person shall hold the Bursary along with any other Bursary, or 
/ with any Scholarship in the University. Azzsar—Vacant. 
II. This Bursary is tenable for three years, or for such period as the Bursar 
shall give regular attendance as a Student of Theology in the University of 
τ Edinburgh, Sze Ordinance, No. 67, of the Universities’ Commissioners, and 
ubsequent Order in Council. Azrsar—1896, 7. C. Mack, M.A. 
/ D.—BorsARIEs gained in Faculty of Arts, the holders of which are at liberty to 
: study in the Faculty of Divinity. 


Tora ele ieee | 
Name of Founder. | Annual | 6 4/4 § Shien Patrons. 
| Income. Ae >| ue | 
] each Bursar. 
1, 1809 Dr Donald Grant, £180 OJ oll, 22:4) «471,400 ὁ, ὁ ‘Dr Grant’s Trustees. 
London. | About About | 
Il. 1846 John Jamieson, | 26) Ὁ: fo'|, xz |) ἃ 26 o o |Principal and two 
Edinburgh. About About | Professors. 
Iii. 1871/The Sibbald Trus- 150 0 οἱ 5] 3 30 o o |The Trustees of Dr 
tees. J. R. Sibbald. 
IV. 1889|Daniel Maclaurin, 7o o οἱ 1} 4 70 o o |}Town Council. 
London. 
I. See under Faculty of Arts. III. See under Bursaries in Arts. 
II. See under Faculty of Arts. IV. See under Faculty of Arts. 


aa 


500 Prizes in Divinity. 


II—PRIZES. 
I.--BARTY MEMORIAL PRIZE. 

The Barty Memorial Prize of £20 for scholarship in Hebrew and 
Hellenistic Greek is open to entrants to the Divinity Halls of the four 
Scottish Universities. 

IIl.— HEPBURN PRIZE. 

The Hepburn Prize of £25 (which may be divided), open to all 
Students in actual attendance at the Divinity Hall, may be awarded 
annually for an essay on a prescribed subject. 


III.-XII. THE GUNNING VICTORIA JUBILEE PRIZES. 


With a view to promote the study of Natural Science among candi- 
dates for the ministry, and to bring out among ministers the fruits of 
study in Science, Philosophy, Language, Antiquity, and Sociology, Dr 
R. H. Gunning, of Edinburgh and Rio de Janeiro, has founded ten 
prizes in the Faculty of Divinity of the University of Edinburgh, to be 
known as ‘‘ The Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prizes.” 

These prizes are ten in number, and comprise a series of five prizes of 
£50, £40, £30, £20, and £10, for excellence in Theological subjects, 
and a series of five prizes of similar values for excellence in Natural 
Science subjects. In their order the prizes in each series correspond 
in value. A minimum standard of proficiency will be required in each 
series. The successful competitors may each take both the prize in 
the Theological, and the prize in the Natural Science series to which 
their marks may respectively entitle them. 

The prizes are competed for triennally at the close of the Divinity 
Session, and are open to all Students of the Church of Scotland, or 
other Scottish Churches holding the Confession of Faith, who are gradu- 
ates of this University, or have attended two classes in the Faculty of 
Divinity in this University, and who have completed their Theological 
curriculum within two years of the close of the session when the com- 
petition takes place. 

The examination in the Natural Science series will be on Natural 
History, Rotany, and Geology, and of the same standard as the First 
B.Sc. Examination in Pure Science. The examination in the Theo- 
logical series will be in Theology proper, the Language and Literature 
of the Old Testament, Ecclesiastical History, and Biblical Criticism. 

The Examiners are the Professors of the subjects of examination 
in the University of Edinburgh ; with the addition of a member of the 
Senatus of the New College, to be appointed by the Faculty of Divinity. 
See Revised Scheme, p. 519 of CALENDAR 1889-90. 

The next examination under this scheme will be held at the close of 
Session 1898-99. 

1896. Theological Sertes—ist Prize—Thomas Pullar, B.D. 

2nd _,, William Smith, B.D. 

3rd_ ,, John Henderson, B.D. 
4th ,, George Drummond, B.D. 
5th Prize not awarded. 


Scholarships in Divinity. 501 


Natural Science Sertes—ist Prize—Thomas Pullar, B.D. 
2nd Prize not awarded. 
3rd_ ,, William Smith, B.D. 
4th ,, George Drummond, B.D. 
5th ,, John Henderson, B.D. 


MI— SCHOLARSHIPS. 


I.—PITT CLUB DIVINITY SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship was instituted in 1862 by the Pitt Club, is of the 
annual value of £107, 115. 2d. (under deduction of Examiners’ fees), 
and is tenable for three years. By Ordinance No. 77, of the Univer- 
sities’ Commissioners, this Scholarship is open to competition to all 
Masters of Arts of any of the Universities of Scotland who have given 
regular attendance in the Faculty of Divinity in the University of Edin- 
burgh for three complete Sessions, and who are in the course of 
studying, with the view of becoming Clergymen of the Church of 
Scotland. No person is admissible who has been entered as a Student 
of Divinity more than six years prior to the time of the competition. 

Candidates are examined on (1) The Evidences of Revealed 
Religion ; (2) Systematic Theology ; (3) Hebrew; (4) Church His- 
tory ; (5) Biblical Criticism. It cannot be held with any other Scholar- 
ship, Fellowship, or Bursary of any Scottish University, or along with 
any parochial or pastoral charge, whether as minister or assistant. 

1896. 7. W. Wilson, M.A., B.D. 


IIL.—MAXTON DIVINITY SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship was founded by the Trustees of the late John 
Maxton, Esq., in 1867, is of the annual value of £42, 8s. (under deduc- 
tion of Examiners’ fees), and is tenable for three years. It is open 
only to Students who are members of the Established Church of Scot- 
land, and who have completed the course of study in the Faculty of 
Divinity in the University of Edinburgh. See Deed of Foundation, at 
p- 234 of CALENDAR for 1867-68. 

1896. W. R. Henderson, M.A., B.D. 


IIIl.—THE GLOVER DIVINITY SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship was founded in 1875 by Subscribers to a Fund for 
commemorating the memory of the Rey. W. Glover, D.D., and by the 


1 The names of Scholars are retained in the Calendar for five years. 

It has been agreed by the Senatus and the Faculty of Divinity, in regard to 
the Fellowships and Scholarships of the funds of which they are severally the 
administrators, that 

1- The Pitt Theological Scholarship shall be competed for when it falls vacant. 

2. The Aztken Theological Scholarship shall be reserved from competition when 
it falls vacant in the same year with the Pitt. 

3. The Glover Divinity Scholarship shall (according to its conditions) not be 
open to competition when the Pitt or Maxton may be open, and shall be similarly 
reserved when the Aitken is open. 

4. That meanwhile the Maxton be competed for when it is vacant. 


502 Scholarships in Divinity. 


University Endowment Association. It is of the annual value of about 
437, 18s. (under deduction of Examiners’ fees), tenable for three years, 
and open to all Masters of Arts of any of the Universities of Scotland 
who have finished their study of Theology, before entering the Church 
of Scotland, within six years, and who have attended the last Session 
of their course at least in the University of Edinburgh. It cannot be 
held with any other Divinity Scholarship or Bursary in any Scottish Uni- 
versity, and it is not offered for competition in any year where there is a 
vacancy in the Pitt Divinity Scholarship or the Maxton Divinity Scholar- 
ship. See Deed of Foundation, at p. 343 of CALENDAR for 1875-76. 


1894. Robert Venters, M.A., B.D. 


IV.—THE AITKEN THEOLOGICAL SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship, founded in 1875 by bequest of the Rev. David 
Aitken, D.D., formerly minister of Minto, is of the annual value of 
497, Is. 8d. (under deduction of Examiners’ fees). Its purpose is to 
make provision for the study of Church History and Biblical Criticism 
at one or more University Seats in Germany, or elsewhere on the Con- 
tinent of Europe, in the case of meritorious students at Edinburgh 
University. It is to be awarded, after competitive examination (on due 
proficiency being shewn), to a Student in Divinity of the University of 
Edinburgh, who is a Graduate in Arts of that University of not more 
than four years’ standing. It is tenable for two years ; but the Senatus 
may extend the term for another year if it appear to them desirable. 
The time of the competition to be fixed and publicly intimated by the 
Senatus at least three months before ; and the Senatus are also at 
liberty to prescribe whether one Semester or two Semesters in the 
foreign University shall be attended in each year. Τί is not offered 
for competition in the same year as the Pitt Divinity Scholarship or 
the Glover Divinity Scholarship. See Deed of Foundation at p. 344 
of CALENDAR for 1876-77. 


1895. William Smith, M.A. 


V.—THE DAVID KIDD DIVINITY SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship, which is of the annual value of £34, 6s. 1od. 
(under deduction of Examiners’ fees), is tenable for three years, and is 
awarded, after competitive examination in Theology (same as for 
B.D.), to students of any of the Universities of Scotland who are 
natives of Scotland, and who have finished their course of study with 
the view of becoming Ministers of the Church of Scotland. See 
Deed of Foundation in CALENDAR for 1879-80, p. 354.—Vacant. 


VI.—VANS DUNLOP SCHOLARSHIP IN HEBREW AND 
ORIENTAL (SEMITIC) LANGUAGES. 


(See Scholarships in Faculty of Arts.) 


Scholarships in Divinity. 503 


VII.—VANS DUNLOP SCHOLARSHIP IN HISTORY. 
(See Scholarships in Faculty of Arts.) 


VIII.—BRUCE OF GRANGEHILL AND FALKLAND 
SCHOLARSHIPS. 


These Scholarships were founded in 1865 by Mrs Tyndall Bruce of 
Falkland, and are of the annual value of £100. They come into 
operation only when a vacancy occurs in any one of the three Scholar- 
ships of this name in the Faculty of Arts, by the death, resignation, or 
dismissal, of a Scholar during the period of his tenure of the Scholar- 
ship; and are tenable in this Faculty during the remainder of that 
period. They cannot be held with any other Scholarship or Fellowship 
of a Scottish University, or with any situation yielding an income of 
4100 a year. The subjects of Examination are prescribed from time to 
time by the Faculty. 


1894. 7. W. Wilson, M.A.; W. J. Pennell, M.A. 


IX. and X.—THE JEFFREY SCHOLARSHIPS. 


These Scholarships, two in number, were founded in 1887 by Miss 
Jane Jeffrey of Victoria Terrace, Portobello. They are each of the 
annual value of about £73, 2s. 6d. (under deduction of Examiners’ 
fees), and are tenable for one year. They are awarded annually 
for special proficiency in the subjects embraced in each of the four 
departments of Divinity, Hebrew and Semitic Languages, Ecclesi- 
astical History, and Biblical Criticism ; and are open to Students of 
Divinity in connection with the Church of Scotland who shall have 
given regular attendance for at least one Session on the Divinity 
Classes in this University, including the elass with which the Scholar- 
ship competed for is specially connected. They are competed 
for in the following order :—first year, Divinity, and Hebrew and 
Oriental Languages ; second year, Ecclesiastical History and Biblical 
Criticism ; and so on from year to year. The Examination at the close 
of Session 1895-96 is in Ecclesiastical History and Biblical Criticism. 
See Deed at page 497 of CALENDAR for 1888-89. 

1896. Ecclesiastical History—James Wallace, M.A. 
Liblical Criticism—J. L. Buchanan, B.A. 


XI.—COBB SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship, founded in 1889, is a bequest by the late Miss 
Matilda Johnston Cobb, Broughty Ferry. It is of the annual value 
of £32, 10s. (under deduction of Examiners’ fees), and is tenable for 
three years. The subjects of Examination are Hebrew, Greek, Latin, 
and Mathematics, and the Scholarship is open to competition amongst 
Students who are entering on the study of Divinity with a view to 
becoming Ministers of the Church of Scotland. 


1893. Andrew Tweedie, M.A. 


504 Bursaries Vacant in 1896-97. 


XII. GRAY SCHOLARSHIP FOR RESEARCH.? 


XIII,L—THE SWINEY LECTURESHIP ON GEOLOGY. 


This Lectureship is open to Graduates in any of the Faculties in the 
University who have obtained their Degrees after examination. For 
further particulars, see page 468. 


SCHOLARSHIPS, BURSARIES, αν UNIVERSITY PRIZES, 


OPEN FOR COMPETITION IN THE FACULTY OF DIVINITY DURING 
THE ACADEMIC YEAR COMMENCING IST OCTOBER 1896.? ὃ 


I. PRESENTATION BURSARIES. 


1. Zhe Alexander Bursary, No. 11Π1., page 495. 
2. The Blair, No. V., page 495. 


II, PRESENTATION BURSARIES. OPEN ONLY TO GRADUATES OR 
STUDENTS WHO HAVE PASSED THE NECESSARY EXAMINATION 
FOR THE DEGREE OF M.A., BUT HAVE DEFERRED THEIR 
GRADUATION WITH A VIEW TO HONOURS. 
The James Nairne Bursary, No. 11., page 499. 


III. COMPETITION BURSARIES. 


The Bursary Examination at the beginning of Session 1896-97 will 
be held on Friday, 6th, and Saturday, 7th November, commencing 
at 10 A.M. each day, when the following Bursaries will be open for 
competition :— 

The Buchanan Bursary, No. I., page 496. 
The Struthers and Leighton Bursary, No. 11., page 496. 
The Ramsay Bursary, No. 1Π1., pages 496 and 497. 
One Ettles Bursary, No. V., pages 496 and 497. 
One Webster Bursary, No. VII., pages 496 and 497. 
One Thomson Bursary, No. VIII., pages 496 and 497. Can- 
didates are required to intimate their intention to compete to the 
Agents for the Trustees, Messrs Traquair, Dickson, ἃ Maclaren, W.S., 
11 Hill Street, Edinburgh, before 1st November 1896. 

. The Renton Bursary, No. XIII., pages 496 and 408. 

8. The Cobb Scholarship, No. XI., page 503. 

The subjects of examination for the above, and for any other ordinary 
competition Bursary for first year’s Students that may be vacant at the 
opening of the Session will be— 


Sot Pico Ni 


Ln ae χ δε ϑενεος 

1 For particulars, see Scholarships in the Faculty of Arts. 

2 Note.—None of the undernoted Bursaries or Scholarships can be held along with 
any other Bursary, Fellowship, or Scholarship in any Scottish University. None of 
the after-mentioned Prizes are subject to this condition. 

% The values of the Scholarships, Bursaries, and Prizes are subject to variation 
consequent on the rise or fall of the rate of interest, &c. For further information 
and for information regarding other Scholarships, Bursaries, and Prizes, &c., see 
pages 495 to 504. 


Bursaries Vacant in 1896-97. 505 


(1.) Zatin—Tacitus’ ‘‘ Germania,’ 
into Latin prose. 

(2.) Greek—Sophocles’ ‘‘(CEdipus Tyrennus,” and Thucydides, 
Book I. 

(3.) MWathematics—‘‘ Euclid,” Books I.-VI.; Algebra and Ele- 
mentary Trigonometry. 

(4.) AMetaphysics—Ferrier’s ‘‘ Lectures on Greek Philosophy.” 

(5.) Moral Philosophy—Sidgwick’s ‘‘ History of Ethics.” 

(6.) Natural Philosophy—Blaikie’s ‘‘ Elements of Dynamics,” and 
Balfour Stewart’s ‘‘Elementary Physics.” 

(7.) Hebrew—Davidson’s Grammar and Exercises. 

(8.) Apologetics—Flint’s “ΚΝ Antitheistic Theories.” 

(9.) Greek Testament—FEpistles to Romans and Hebrews. 

9, 10, 11. Grierson Bursaries, No. VI., pages 496 and 497. Ρτε- 
ferential candidates to lodge their applications with the Clerk.of Senatus 
on or before st November 1896. 

The subjects of examination for the Grierson Bursaries, if there be 
competition, will be :— 

For the first year— 

Same as for ordinary Competition Bursaries, except that Hebrew, 
Apologetics, and Greek Testament are omitted. 

For the second year— 

(1.) Zatin—Lucretius, Book V., and Livy, Book 11. 

(2.) Greek Testament—Gospel of St Luke, and Pastoral Epistles. 

(3.) Hebvew—Grammar ; Joshua, chapters i.-x. inclusive ; Psalms 
i.-vill, inclusive ; Hebrew Prose Composition. 

(4.) Dzvinity—The Trinity ; Doctrine of Sin. 

(5.) Ecclesiastical History—To 325 Α.Ὁ. 

(6.) Biblical Criticism—Charteris’ ‘‘ Christian Scriptures.” 

For the third year— 

(1.) Apologetic Theology—Butler’s ‘* Analogy.” 

(2.) Hebrew—Judges, Amos, Psalms, Book iii. 

(3.) Ecclesiastical History—To 325 A.D., and of Scotland, 1500 
A.D. to 1600 A.D. 

(4.) Biblical Criticisms—‘‘ Canonicity,” pp. 1-23; 102-113. 

12, 13. Zwo Simson Bursaries, No. XV., pages 496 and 498. 

14. A Hepburn Prize, £25 (which may be divided), for the best 
Essay on ‘‘The Westminster Confession,” to be competed for by 
Students of second or subsequent year. The Essay not to exceed fifty 
pages 4to, and to be handed to Rev. Dr Scott, 16 Rothesay Place, 
Edinburgh, on or before rst December 1896. 

15. Barty Memorial Prize, of about £20, for Scholarship in Hebrew 
and Hellenistic Greek, is open to entrants to the Divinity Halls of the 
four Scottish Universities. Competitors to apply to J. W. Barty, Esq., 
Dunblane. 

At the close of Session 1896-97, the following will be open for com- 
petition :— 


and translation from English 


506 University Prizes. 


1. Zhe Aitken Scholarship, No. 1V., page 502. 

2. The David Kidd Scholarship, No. V., page 502. 

3, 4. Two Jeffrey Scholarships, Nos. 1X. and X., page 503. 

The subjects of Examination are :— 

Divinity— 

1, The Foundations of Christian Belief. 

2. The Doctrines of Providence, Predestination, and Sin. 

3. Introduction and Part First of Newman Smyth’s “ Christian 
Ethics.” 

Hebrew and Semitic Languages— 

1. Hebrew — Deuteronomy, i.-x., Micah, Nahum; Psalms, 
Book ii. ; Composition. 

2. Syriac—Nestle’s Grammar, St John’s Gospel, and _ Biblical 
Extracts in Roediger’s Chrestomathy ; Composition. 

3. Socin’s Grammar (new edition), whole ; Bruennow’s Chresto- 
mathy, pp. 1-22; Composition. 

5. One King William Bursary, No. IV., pages 496 and 497. The 
subjects of examination for this Bursary will be the work of the Session 
in the Classes of Divinity, Ecclesiastical History, Biblical Criticism, 
and Junior Hebrew. 

6. One Robert Hunter Bursary, No. X1V., pages 496 and 497. The 
subjects of examination are the same as for the ‘‘ King William Bur- 
saries.” These Bursaries cannot be held along with any other Bursary, 
Scholarship, or Fellowship in any Scottish University. 

7. The Mylne Bursary, No. IX., pages 496 and 497. Examination 
as for ‘‘ Robert Hunter” Bursary. 


PRIZES. 
1, The Lord Rector’s Prize, No. 11., page 359. 
2. The Gray Prizes, No. VI., page 359. 


William Dickson Travelling Fund, see page 356. 


The attention of all Bursars in the Faculty of Divinity is particularly 
called to the following Regulation :— 

‘* Each Bursar must present a Certificate, signed by the Dean, attest- 
ing his regular attendance on the proper Classes in the Faculty of 
Divinity on each occasion on which he applies to the Factor for a pay- 
ment. Payments are made by the Factor for the University, Mr Henry 
Cook, W.S., 61 North Castle Street, Edinburgh, on and after 14th 
November for the Martinmas payments, and on and after 18th May 
for the Whitsunday payments,—between Io and 3 o’clock. 


N.B.—Bursars, Scholars, and Fellows who destre to resign should 
at once announce this to the Factor. They must apply to the Factor 
for the instalments due to them within three months after they have 
become payable, otherwise they will be regarded as having resigned. 


M. C. TAYLOR, DDS 
Dean of the Faculty of Divinity, 


κοι! of Latv. 


Dean— Professor Sir Lupovic J. GRANT, Bart., B.A. 
PROGRAMME OF CLASSES. 


WINTER SESSION, 1896-97. 


The Classes tn the Faculty of Law will open on Thursday, 15th 
October, and will close on Friday, 19th March 1897. 


. Days of Opening, and Professors and Class 
Classes. Hours of Lectures. Lecturers. Fees.1 


Public Law? (2.e., a 
half-course in J uris- 
prudence and ἃ “15 Oct., 2 o’cl. 
half-course in Public 


Prof. SirLudovic z 
J. Grant, Bart. £4 4 


International Law) ; 
Civil αν 5. 55.0..... το ΘΟ “4-4; Prof. Mackintosh | 5 53 
Scots Law... ........... LHLOcts 201m, Profs Rankine’.:...]. δ 54 
Sa πα 5] ΠΟ οἰ» 545 Prof. Kirkpatrick.| 4 43 
Do.; Honours®....... τ ΘΟ 2) <,, Prof. Kirkpatrick.| 3 3 
Conveyancing.......... Γι οι 9° Ὁ Prof. Wood sssc5sa. 4 4 
Ee eeonomy ὅς I13 Oct., 5 4 |Prof. Nicholson...) 3. 38 
eee fs Oct, 5-30,, [[nJ-Cook, LLB.) 2 2 


SUMMER SESSION, 1897. 


The Classes in the Faculty of Law will open as follows, and will close 
on Saturday, 17th July. 


ee eet 
ἴδ᾽] SLAW: «|, i csc.o 0802s 12 May, 90 ’elock|Prof. Mackintosh. £5 5, 
SCOTS AW... sssascinee ase 12 May,9 _ ,,_ |Prof. Rankine.. i 8: 
Med. Jurisprudence... AvMay,1O= ‘55 | Pe He ἥν 
eee Visas. |)O NEE ως 


1 For Matriculation Fees, see page 27. Second attendances: On £5, 5s. or 
44, 4s. Courses, £3, 35.3 on £43, 3s. Courses, £2, 2s. On Half-Courses: First half, 
no reduction ; second half, £1, 1s ; on Procedure and Evidence and International 
Private Law, 41, 11s. 6d.; third or subsequent attendances on any Class, £1, 15. 

2 Qualifying also for the degree of M.A. 

3 Fora Half-Course, 2s 2s. 

4 This Fee is paid in Winter, and includes the Winter and Summer Sessions. 
Fee for Winter Session only, 44, 4s. ; for Summer Session only, £2, 2s. 

5 Qualifies as Half-Course for Graduation in Law. 

6 Five shillings University entrance fee for non-matriculated Students. 


508 Courses tn Faculty of Law. 


Courses of Dectures, 


1896-97. 
PD. "CIVIL AE AW 
PROFESSOR MACKINTOSH. 


The full Course extends over a Winter and a Summer 
Session, covered by one fee of £5, 5s. 

The Winter Course is the same as for Graduation in Arts ; 
see Courses in Arts. The Summer Session is devoted to the 
doctrines of (1) Wills and Succession, (2) Obligations and 
Contract. The Contract of Sale will be dealt with in detail. 

The Lectures are equally adapted for students qualifying for 
the legal profession in Scotland or England, or for service in 
India or the Colonies. 

Text-Books.—The Institutes of Gaius and Justinian, and the 
Professor's “ Roman Law of Sale.” 

The “ Muirhead Prize” and the ‘‘ Forensic Prize” are offered 
annually for competition. 


II. SCOTS. LAW. 
PROFESSOR RANKINE, LL.D. 

Students are recommended to make themselves familiar either 
with Erskine’s “ Principles” or his “ Institutes” (edition by J. 
Badenach Nicolson, Esq., 1871). The nineteenth edition of the 
former work wiil be the text-book of the Class. 

1. Sketch of the Literature of the Law of Scotland—the sources 
of the Law—the interpretation of Statutes. 

2. Personal Relations—marriage and the modes of proving 
it—patrimonial effects of Marriage—rights of husband and wife 
—dissolution of Marriage—divorce—tutors and curators—minors 
—insane—parent and child—succession—heritable and move- 
able—wills—trusts. 

3. Wrongs—personal injury —defamation—ownership of herit- 
able property—rights and liabilities incident thereto—ownership 
of moveables—copyright—patents. 

4. Obligations and Contracts—general requisites, constitu- 


Courses in Faculty of Law. 509 


tion, and construction — partnership — joint-stock companies 
—factory and agency—sale—letting to hire—leases—carriers 
—shipping—insurance—bills of exchange—extinction of obliga- 
tions—diligence—bankruptcy. 
5. Parochial Law—burgh and county law 
6. Criminal Law. 


rates and taxes. 


Summer Session. 


The Lectures on Criminal Law, and part of the lectures on 
the above subjects, are delivered during the Summer Session. 


11. CONVEYANCING. 
PROFESSOR WOOD. 
The Course embraces the following subjects :— 


BRANCH FirRST—Deeds in General. 
I. Requisites as to external form, and the solemnities of 
execution and authentication. 2. Deeds privileged as regards 
these solemnities. 3. Delivery and acceptance. 


BRANCH SECOND--Deeds relating to Feudal kights. 


1. Sketch of the feudal system and its bearing on the existing 
state of heritable rights in Scotland. 2. The writs constituting 
a feudal estate. 3. Writs used in the voluntary transmission 
of lands. 4. Services and Destinations. 5. Settlements and 
Marriage Contracts, as relating to heritage. 6. Entails. 


BRANCH THIRD—Jiscellaneous Rights relating to Heritable 
Estate. 
1. Servitudes. 2. Leases. 3. Adjudications and Inhibitions. 
4. Sequestrations. 5. Trust Deeds for Creditors. 6, Rights in 
Security. 


BRANCH FouRTH—Mscellaneous Writs, relating mainly to 
Moveable Rights. 

1. Submissions. 2. Securities over moveabies. 3. Cautioner’s 
Writs. 4. Life Insurance Policies Writs. 5. Discharges. 6. 
Partnership and Company Deeds. 7. Factories. 8. Wills and 
Marriage Contracts. 


510 Courses in Faculty of Law. 


IV: ΕΒ ΕΣ ΟΝ 
PROFESSOR SIR LUDOVIC GRANT, BART. 

Two Courses will be delivered during the Session 1896-7: 
(1) Forty Lectures on the Philosophy of Law ; and (2) Forty 
Lectures on Public International Law. 

1. The Course on the Philosophy of Law will begin on 
Tuesday, 13th October 1896, at two o'clock. 

The Lectures will be delivered fowr days a week. 

Books of Reference.—Green, Principles of Political Obligation. 
Ritchie, Natural Rights. Ahrens, Cours du Droit Naturel. 
Bluntschli, The Theory of the State. Lorimer, Institutes of Law. 
The Student’s Austin. Holland, Jurisprudence. Markby, 
Elements of Law. Sir Henry Maine’s Works. Pollock, History 
of Political Science. Seeley, Introduction to Political Science. 

2. The Course on Public International Law will begin on 5th 
January 1897. The Class will meet four days a week. 

(2) An Historical Retrospect. (ὁ) Some Account of the 
Science and Literature of Public International Law. 

Books of Reference.—Ward’s Enquiry into the Foundation and 
History of the Law of Nations. Wheaton’s History of the Laws 
of Nations; Introduction. Nys’s Les Origines du Droit Inter- 
national. Westlake’s International Law. Phillimore’s Inter- 
national Law, Vol. I. Bryce, Holy Roman Empire. Pardessus, 
Us et Coutumes de la Mer. 

(c) An examination of the sources and a critical exposition 
of the leading doctrines of Public International Law. 

Books of Reference.—Hall, International Law. Wheaton, 
International Law. Lawrence, Principles of International Law. 
Woolsey, Introduction to the Study of International Law. 
Hertslet, Map of Europe by Treaty. Letters by Historicus. 
Pitt Cobbett, Select Cases. 


Vv. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND HISTORY. 
PROFESSOR KIRKPATRICK, LL.D. 
These Lectures, qualifying for Graduation in Law and in 
Arts, are given in winter on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays, 
and Fridays, at 5. Eight examinations and two essays during 


Courses in Faculty of Law. 511 


the Session. Honours awarded for examinations and essays 
combined. 

Subjects :—(ist Half) Constitutional History and Law of 
England ; (2nd Half) Constitutions of America, France, Ger- 
many, Switzerland, &c. 

Text-Books.—(1) For elementary purposes, Taswell Lang- 
mead’s Constitutional History, and 5. R. Gardiner’s Student’s 
History of England. For further study, Stubbs’s Select Charters 
and English Constitutional History; Hallam’s Middle Ages, 
Chap. viii.; Hallam’s Constitutional History of England; Sir 
T. Erskine May’s Constitutional History; English Constitution 
by W. Bagehot ; Guizot’s Lectures on Representative Government; 
R. Gneist’s Self-Government in England, 3d edition, Berlin, 
1871; Gneist’s Geschichte und heutige Gestalt der Aemter, 
etc., in England, 2d edition, Berlin, 1866; Gneist’s English 
Constitution, translated by P. A. Ashworth, London, 1886 ; and 
Blackstone’s Commentaries, Book IV., of Public Rights. 

(2) For elementary purposes, Thwaites’ The Colonies 
and Hart’s Formation of the Union (Epochs of American 
History), Johnston’s History of the United States, Macy’s 
Our Government. For further study, Bryce’s American 
Commonwealth, Bancroft’s History of the Constitution of the 
U.S.A., Winsor’s History of the U.S.A., Adams and Cunning- 
ham’s Swiss Confederation, Dareste’s or Demombynes’ Con- 
stitutions, Boutmy’s Studies in Constitutional Law, &c. 

The History Reading-Room (adjoining the Lecture Room) 
may be consulted by all members of the Class on Mondays 
and Fridays, from 11 to 1, and on Wednesdays, 12 to 2. 

Auxiliary Course of Twenty Lectures on “The English 
Kingship,” by Mr D. P. Heatley, the Professor’s Assistant, on 
Wednesdays at 11 (free to all members of the Class). 

VI. MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. 
PROFESSOR SIR DOUGLAS MACLAGAN. 
For Synopsis of this Course, see under Faculty of Medicine. 


VII. COMMERCIAL AND POLITICAL ECONOMY 
AND MERCANTILE LAW. 
For Synopsis of this Course, see under Faculty of Arts. 


512 Courses in Faculty of Law. 


VIII. INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE LAW. 
Lecturery—G. WARDLAW BURNET, M.A., B.L. 


A Course of Forty Lectures on this subject will be given during 
the Summer Session on Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and 
Friday in each week, at 5 P.M. Under Ordinances 39 and 40, 
attendance on these Lectures qualifies as a half-course for 
Graduation in Law. The subject is also included among those 
in which Intrants to the Faculty of Advocates may be examined, 
and the Lectures are therefore adapted for students qualifying 
for the Scottish Bar. 

The Lectures will deal with (2) The purpose and scope of 
the study of International Private Law; (4) Its History and 
Literature ; (c) Its general principles and their application in 
regard to (1) Lex fersonalis, the Rights of Persons as such, 
including the subjects of Nationality, Domicile, and Capacity, 
Guardianship, Legitimacy, Marriage, Divorce; (2) the Law of 
Succession ; (3) Rights zz vrem—the Rights of persons over 
things—the Law of Property (Ler vez sitae) ; (4) Rights zz per- — 
sonam—the Rights of persons over acts—the Law of Obliga- 
tions ex contractu and ex delicto ; (5) the Law of Bankruptcy ; 
and (6) Lex fort, the Law of Process, including Jurisdiction, the 
Recognition of Foreign Judgments, and Procedure. 

Examinations will be held on the subjects of the Lectures. 

Books of Reference.—Rattigan’s Private International Law, 
Guthrie’s Savigny, Westlake’s Private International Law, Gilles- 
pie’s Bar, and Foote on Private International Jurisprudence. 


PROCEDURE AND EVIDENCE. 
Lecturer—J. J. COOK, LL.B. 


This Course of Forty Lectures will describe the various 
Courts of Scotland, with the nature of their jurisdiction, the 
actions competent in each, and the details of the procedure, 
civil and criminal. It will also include the principles of the 
Law of Evidence. 

Text-Books.—Mackay’s “Manual” and “Practice of the 
Court of Session” ; Coldstream’s “‘ Procedure in the Court of 


Faculty of Law—Class Prise and Honours Lists. 513 


Session”; Dove Wilson’s “ Sheriff- Court Practice in Civil 
Causes” ; Macdonald’s “" Criminal Law” ; Macdonald’s *‘ Crimi- 
nal Procedure (Scotland) Act, 1887” ; Dickson on “ Evidence” ; 
Kirkpatrick on “ Evidence.” 

Candidates for Graduation who pass in Procedure and 
Evidence as an extra subject may have this fact recorded on 
their Diplomas. 


Class Prize and Honours Lists. 
SUMMER SESSION, 1895. 


CIVIL LAW. 


PrIZES.—1I. William Burt, M.A., Edin. (‘‘ I/tzrhead” Prize); 2. Robert 
Gray; 3. G. Hart, M.A., Edin. 
Honours.—4. W. Brotherston and T. Hart, M.A., Edin.—equal ; 6. 
R. Carmichael ; 7. Alastair Dallas, M.A., Edin., C. G. Kerr, and 
R. M. Mitchell equal 10. R. Berry. 
TAMES MACKINTOSH, B.A., Professor. 


SCOTS LAW. 


1. James Adamson, M.A., Forfarshire; 2. Alexander G. Mitchell, 
Northumberland ; and Adam Myron, Sutherland—equal ; 4. David 
Stewart, Forfarshire (Prizemen); 5. Robert Scott Sharpe, Forfar- 
shire; 6. M. R. M‘Ewen, Renfrewshire; 7. Robert Robertson 
Black, Forfarshire ; and Alexander Cowan, Kirkcudbrightshire— 
equal; 9. Grahame H. Wade, Stirlingshire ; 10. 1). A. Morrison, 
Renfrewshire ; 11. T. P. Doughty, Berwickshire; 12. James 10. 
Easson, Mid-Lothian; 13. James Paterson, Mid-Lothian; 14. 
John M ‘Murray, Wigtownshire ; 15. William Annan, Forfarshire ; 
16. William J. Thom, Ayrshire; 17. Daniel S. Clark, Mid- 
Lothian ; 18. John M‘Allister, Dumfriesshire. 

EssAy PrIzE.—Robert Scott Sharpe and David Stewart—equal. 

JOHN RANKINE, M.A., LL.D., Professor. 


CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND HISTORY. 


PRIZE AND Honours LIST—EXAMINATIONS AND EssAys.—1I. Charles 
S. eon 2. Robert Gray ; 3. Robert Berry ; 4. Thomas Hart, 
M.A. ; 5. Bessie B. Bird—(/Przzes) ; 6. geal Maclean, M.A. ; 
Ts John Smart; 8. Henry Lillie, M.A. ; 9. James Dunlop, M.A, 

HoNnouRABLE MENTION. —J. Barrower Guild, Robert Hendry, G. 
Claus Rankin, D. Robertson, Thomas S. Ww elsh. 

JOHN KIRKPATRICK, LL.D., Professor. 


2K 


514 Faculty of Law—Class Prize and Honours Lists. 


MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. 


First-CLAss Honours.—1. R- Montgomerie Samson (JAfedallist) ; 
2. William Burt; 3. J.,.M. Macmillan, 

SECOND-CLAss Honours.—4. Malcolm N. MacInnes; 5. R. Mac- 
gregor Mitchell; 6. William Mitchell; 7. John Mackintosh ; 8. 
W. Ogilvy ; 9. David Provan; το. A. E. P. Gardner and Charles 
M. Gray—equal; 12. R. C. Henderson. 

R. D. Melville present at one examination, and obtained 67 per cent. 

DOUGLAS MACLAGAN, Kt., M.D., Professor. 


WINTER SESSION, 1895-96. 
PUBLIC LAW. 
τι. W. Burt, R. Gray, and J. A. Inglis—equal; 4. D. Maclean 
( Prizenven). 
Honours.—5. J. Dunlop and D. A. Miln-—equal; 7. J. Mackintosh ; 
8. R. Macgregor Mitchell ; Ὁ. A. B. Barty; 10. O. G. Bell; 11. 
J. D. Millar. 
Essay Prize.—J. A. Inglis. 
HONOURABLE MENTION.—D, Maclean. 
L. J. GRANT, Barts BoA ΣΟ ΣΤΟΝ 


CIVIL LAW. 

1. J. A. Inglis, B.A. Oxon. ; 2. Μ΄ N. M‘Innes, M.A. Edin. ; and 
D. Robertson (Przzemen)—equal. 

Honours.—4. C. C. Watson, M.A., Edin. ; 5. O. F. Lumsden ; 6. 
E. Ἐς Gibson, M.A., Edin. ; J. M. Macmillan, M.A., Edin. ; G. C. 
Rankin ; and T. 5. Welsh—equal; 10. D. Smith Clark; 11. Ὁ. 
Connel, M.A., Edin. ; and J. B. Craik, B.A, Oxon—equal ; 13. 
Norris Mackay, B.A. Cantab. 

JAMES MACKINTOSH, B.A., Professor. 


CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND HISTORY, 
FULL COURSE. 

PRIZES AND Honours.—1I. William Burt, M.A. ; 2. John M‘Farlane ; 
3. J. Melrose Macmillan and John Smart—equal; 5. W. Keith 
Aikman and J. B, Ballingall, M.A.—equal; 7. J. Dan Easson. 

HALF CourRSE,. 


Prizes AND Honours.—I. Bessie B. Bird; 2 J. Harrower Guild; 
3. Alexander Williamson, M.A. 
J. KIRKPATRICK, M.A., LL.D., Professor. 


SCOTS LAW. 


1. M. 5. Shaw, Perthshire; 2. Robert D. Phillip, Forfarshire; 3. 
Christopher J. Bisset, Forfarshire, and Archibald G. Reid, Fife— 


Faculty of Law—Class Prize and Honours Lists. 515 


equal; 5. Ernest T. Skae, Stirlingshire; 6. David Paterson, 
Dumfriesshire ; 7. James Macdonald, Argyllshire; 8. William 
Brotherston, jun., Mid-Lothian, and Robert D. Gray, Lanarkshire 
—equal (Prizemen); 10. A. H. Buglass, West Lothian; 11. 
David Ogilvy Young; 12. Thomas Hart, M.A., Mid-Lothian ; 
13. James Shields, Mid-Lothian; 14. Alexander Fowler Hay 
Roxburghshire ; 15. Charles Anderson, Aberdeenshire; 16. 
William Ramage, Mid-Lothian; 17. David Porter, Forfarshire ; 
18. Alexander F. Fraser, Lanarkshire; 19. Roderick Mackenzie, 
Ross-shire; 20. R. W. Smart, Perthshire ; 21. Donald M‘Laren, 
Perthshire ; 22. Andrew D. Crichton, Forfarshire ; 23. R. Mont- 
gomerie Samson, Ayrshire; 24. Peter A. MacBrayne, Renfrew- 
shire; 25. A. H. Milne, Morayshire. 
JOHN RANKINE, M.A., LL.D., Professor. 


CONVEYANCING. 

1. John M‘Murray, Wigtown; 2. T. E. Young, Edinburgh; 3. O. J 
Poole, Surrey ; 4. Adam Myron, Sutherland; 5. Thomas Crow, 
Edinburgh ; 6. G. H. Wade, Stirling; 7. A. G. Mitchell, North- 
umberland ; 8. Alexander Cowan, Kirkcudbright (Prézeme) ; 9. 
G. L. Moffat, Dumfries, and James Adamson, Forfar—equal ; 11. 
R. Robertson Black, Forfar, and Matthew R. M‘Ewen, Renfrew 
—equal; 13. J. D. Easson, Edinburgh; 14. D. A. Morrison, 
Renfrew ; 15. James Ritchie, Dumfries ; 16. R. 5. Sharpe, Forfar ; 
17. James Paterson, Lanark; 18. Robert Macfie, Edinburgh; 19. 
William Yeaman, Forfar, and J. C. Stevens, Perth—equal; 21. 
David Stewart, Forfar; 22. W.J. Thom, Ayr ; 23. J. 5. Saunders, 
Edinburgh ; 24. T. D. Murray, Fife; 25. Robert Taylor, Lin- 
lithgow, and R. B. White, Fife—equal; 27. J. S. Gordon, 
Forfar ; 28. J. M‘Allister, Dumfries; 29. John Stewart, Perth ; 
30. J. Jardine, Dumfries, and Hugh, Forbes, Stirling—equal ; 32. 
W. G. D. Simpson, Fife ; 33. R. A. Smith, Forfar; 34. T. C. 
Halliburton, Roxburgh ; 35. G. 5. M‘Crindle, Edinburgh ; 36. 
π᾿ ΡΠ ραν Dumfries; 37. W. Scorgie, Aberdeen ;_ 38. Τὶ 8. 
Somerville, Lanark ; 39. Thomas Gorrie, Fife; 40. Angus Mac- 
kenzie, Perth; 41. W. Anderson, Fife; 42. T. P. Doughty, 
Berwickshire ; 43. James Brown, Wigtown. 

JB: WOOD; ΝΥ ὅν, 2rofessor: 


INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE LAW. 


PrizE.—Alexander Williamson, M.A. 
GEO. WARDLAW BURNET, M.A., B.L., Lecturer. 


CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE AND THE 
LAW OF EVIDENCE. 
CoLpsTREAM MEDAL.—Alexander H. Buglass, Linlithgow. 
J. J. COOK, M.A, LL.B. Zecturer, 


516 Regulations for Graduation in Law. 


οἱ . : Pr aes 
Regulations for Graduation in Latv, 
Regulations for those who began the Study of Law, with a view to 

Graduation, before ist October 1894, see CALENDAR for 1895-96 or 

previous CALENDARS. 

Two Degrees in Law are conferred on Examination, viz., Bachelor 
of Law (B.L.) and Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.). Either Degree admits 
to the profession of Law Agent, provided the Candidate has included 
Scots Law and Conveyancing among his Graduation subjects, and has 
passed an Examination in the Practice of the Courts under the Law 
Agents Act. 

The Degree of LL.B. (if the Candidate has been examined in Civil 
Law, Philosophy of Law, International Law—Public or Private, Con- 
stitutional Law and History, Medical Jurisprudence, Scots Law—Civil 
and Criminal, including Procedure, and Conveyancing admits to the 
profession of Advocate. 

Two Law Graduation Examinations are held annually, the first 
beginning on the last Monday in October, and the second on the third 
Monday in March. 

I.. REGULATIONS FOR BACHELOR OF LAWS (LL.B.). 

I. No one is admitted to examination as a Candidate for the 
Degree of Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) unless he be a Graduate in Arts 
of one of the Universities of the United Kingdom ; or of any Foreign 
or Colonial University specially recognised for the purpose by the 
University Court.? 

II. The course of study in Law for the Degree of Bachelor of Laws 
includes the following subjects :—? 

(1) Jurisprudence, General or Comparative, during a course of not 
less than forty lectures, 

(2) The Law of Nations, or Public International Law, during a 
course of not less than forty lectures. 

(3) Civil Law, during a course of not less than eighty lectures. 

(4) Law of Scotland, or Law of England, during a course of not 
less than eighty lectures. 

(5) Constitutional Law and History, during a course of not less 
than eighty lectures. 

(6) Conveyancing, during a course of not less than eighty lectures ; 
or Political Economy, or Mercantile Law, during a course of 
not less than eighty lectures. 

(7) Any two of the following subjects, namely :—International 
Private Law, Political Economy, Administrative Law, and 
Forensic Medicine ; in each case during a course of not less 
than forty lectures. 

! The following Degrees have been recognised in terms of this Section: B.A. of 
New Zealand University ; B.A. of Cape of Good Hope University ; B.A. of Dalhousie 


University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; B.A. of Michigan University. 
2 For names of authorised extra-academical lecturers, see under Faculty of 


Medicine. 


Graduation tn Law (B.L.). 517 


III. (1) The course of study necessary for the Degree of Bachelor 
of Laws extends over three academical years, one of which at least 
must be spent in the University in which the Candidate intends to 
graduate, the other two may be spent in any other University or 
School of Law, specially recognised by the University Court. 

(2) No Candidate for a Degree is deemed to have attended a 
class as part of the course of study necessary for that degree who does 
not present a certificate bearing not only that he has given regular 
attendance, but also that he has duly performed the work of the class. 

IV. Candidates must undergo examination in the subjects prescribed 
in Section II. hereof; and they must pass at one examination in at 
least two of these subjects. Before presenting themselves in any sub- 
ject the Candidates must have attended the requisite course of instruc- 
tion in such subject. Candidates who have passed an examination for 
another degree in any of the said prescribed subjects in the same 
University may be exempted from examination in such subject or 
subjects, provided that the examiners are satisfied that the previous 
examination in such subject or subjects has been passed on a sufficiently 
high standard. 

V. Every Candidate for the Degree of Bachelor of Laws is examined 
both orally and in writing on each of the subjects in the course of study 
above prescribed, in which he presents himself for examination. 

VI. (1) Distinction may be awarded to Candidates who have dis- 
played exceptional merit in their examinations. 

(2) For the Degree of Bachelor of Laws a diploma is given, setting 
forth the subjects in which the Candidate has passed, and the dis- 
tinction (if any) he has attained. 

Candidates for Examination or Graduation must matriculate for the 
year. 

II. BACHELOR OF LAW (B.L.). 


I. No one is admitted to examination as a Candidate for the Degree 
of Bachelor of Law (B.L.) unless he be a Graduate in Arts of one of 
the Universities of the United Kingdom, or of any Foreign or Colonial 
University specially recognised for the purpose by the University Court ; 
or until he has passed—A. The Preliminary Examination in the 
Faculty of Arts, or its equivalent, and #2. An examination in one 
of the Scottish Universities, to be conducted by the Examiners in Arts, 
in the following subjects, on the Standard of Examination for the 
Ordinary Degree of Master of Arts :— 

(1) Logic and Psychology ; or, in the option of the Candidate, 
Mora] Philosophy. (2) Latin. (3) One additional Arts subject, not 
being one of those which belong also to the Faculty of Law. 

And he must have studied at least one of these subjects in a full 
course in a Scottish University, or an equivalent course in another 
University approved by the University Court. 

1 Universities, &c., recognised in terms of this Section: Oxford, Cambridge, 
Dublin, and the four Inns of Court, London, provided the conditions laid down by 
Section II. of the Ordinance be complied with. 


518 Graduation tn Law (B.L.). 


II. The course of study in Law necessary for the Degree of Bachelor 
of Law must include the following subjects :— 

1. Civil Law, during a course of not less than eighty lectures ; or a 
half-course in Civil Law where in any University a full course is not 
available ; provided that in the latter case, Candidates who are not 
already graduates in Arts are required to take in addition a course in 
such subject in Arts as may be sanctioned by the Senatus Academicus, or 
a half-course in one or other of the following branches of Law :—(a) 
Jurisprudence, General or Comparative. (ὁ) The Law of Nations, or 
Public International Law. (c) Constitutional Law and History. (d) 
International Private Law. (6) Mercantile Law. (7) Administrative 
Law. 

2. Law of Scotland, during a course of not less than eighty lectures. 

3. Conveyancing, during a course of not less than eighty lectures. 

4. Forensic Medicine, during a course of not less than forty meetings 
of the class; or, in the option of the Candidate, a half-course in one of 
the branches of Law specified in sub-section 1 of this section, if not 
already taken. 

III. (1) The course of study in Law necessary for the Degree of 
Bachelor of Law extends over two Academical years. 

(2) No Candidate for a Degree is deemed to have attended a class 
as part of the course of study necessary for that degree who does not 
present a certificate bearing not only that he has given regular attend- 
ance, but also that he has duly performed the work of the class. 

(3) The Candidate may prosecute his studies during the prescribed 
two years in one Scottish University, or in different Scottish Univer- 
sities, or in a Scottish University and a University or School of Law 
specially recognised by the University Court ; but one at least of these 
years must be spent, and all the examinations in the subjects men- 
tioned in the preceding section must be passed, at the University in 
which he intends to graduate. 

IV. The Candidate for the Degree of Bachelor of Law must undergo 
examination and pass in the four or more subjects selected by him; but 
he may present himself for examination in one subject or group of sub- 
jects at a time, provided that he has completed the course of study for 
such subject or group of subjects, and provided also that in that case a 
higher standard of proficiency shall be exacted. 

V. Every Candidate for the Degree of Bachelor of Law is examined, 
both orally and in writing, on each of the subjects in the course of 
study above prescribed, in which he presents himself for examination. 

VI. (1) Distinction may be awarded to Candidates who have dis- 
played exceptional merit in their examinations. 

(2) For the Degree of Bachelor of Law a diploma is given, setting 
forth the subjects in which the Candidate has passed, and the dis- 
tinction (if any) he has attained. 

Candidates for Examination or Graduation must matriculate for the 
year. 


Law Examinations for LL.B. and ἢ... 519 


EXAMINATIONS. 


I. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS FOR B.L. 


A.—For outlines of subjects on the M.A. Preliminary Standard, see 
page 112, and for Time Table of Examinations, see page 132. 
4.—For outlines of subjects on Standard of Ordinary Degree of 
a see page 138, and for Time Table of Examinations, see page 
136. 
II. LAW EXAMINATIONS (FOR DEGREES OF LL.B. AND B.L.). 
Subjects for October 1896 (and till further notice). 


In Pusiic LAw the subjects will be Zhe Philosophy of Law and 
Public International Law. The books recommended for study are men- 
tioned in the Synopsis of the Professor’s Lectures. 

In CrviL LAw the examination will be on the History of the Law, 
and on its Principles as explained in the Institutes of Gaius and Jus- 
tinian. Candidates for LL.B. will also be examined on Books xviii, 
tit. i. (De contrahenda emptione) and xix., tit. i. (de acttontbus empti 
venaiti) of the Digest. The works of Prof. Muirhead are recommended. 

In CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND History the subjects will be—(a) 
Constitutional History and Law of England, down to the first Reform 
Act (Text-books, the works of Stubbs, Hallam, and May) ; (4) the Con- 
stitutions of the U.S. of America, of France, Germany, and Switzerland 
(Text-books, Bancroft, Bryce, Adam and Cunningham, Dareste’s.or 
Demombyne’s Constitutions). See also Synopsis of Lectures. 

In the Law oF ScoTLAND the subject will be the Municipal Civil 
and Criminal Law. The works of Mr Erskine and Mr G. J. Bell, 
and Macdonald’s *‘ Criminal Law,” in the latest editions, are recom- 
mended to Candidates. 

In CONVEYANCING the subject of examination will be—(r1) lre- 
deemable Heritable Rights, including Entails ; (2) Leases. 

In MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE the subjects will be—(1) Identity 
of the Living ; (2) Criminal Abortion ; (3) Wounds and other External 
Injuries, including Blood Stains ; (4) Poisoning by Arsenic; (5) Inherit- 
ance and Legitimacy. 

In PotiticaL Economy the examination will be on the subjects 
treated of in Mr J. S. Mill’s ‘‘ Principles of Political Economy.” 
Candidates must also show some knowledge of the works of the recent 
writers mentioned in the Synopsis of the Professor’s Lectures. 

In INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE LAW Candidates will be examined on 
the subjects mentioned in the Synopsis (v. p. 512), as dealt with in the 
Lectures and in Guthrie’s Savigny. 

PROCEDURE AND EvIDENCE.—Candidates for a Law Degree may 
be examined in this subject also, and have the fact recorded on their 
diplomas. Text-books, see Synopsis of Lectures, 


1 Examination papers will be set in the other subjects prescribed by the Regula- 
tions if required. 


520 Dates of Examinations in 1896-97. 


ΉΤΟ: 
. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION FOR B.L, 
For each eee 3 5 5 4 Onto ὁ 
2. LAW EXAMINATIONS FOR LL. Β. AND B.L. 
The fee payable for LL.B. is. : : : ci ON Ὅν 
or 
If the Examination be taken at two or more periods— 
For the First, : : : ; For aey 3) Ὁ 
For the Second, : : ᾿ ee) ΡΟ 
The fee payable for B.L. is ; : : δ. το Ὁ 
or 
If the Examination be taken at two or more periods— 
For the First, : : ν : pe fein} 


For the Second, 2 2 419 
Candidates who fail to pass in any of the LL.B. or B.L. subjects pay 


a fee of ros. 6d. for each subject in which they are re-admitted 
to Examination. 

Fee for registration as a member of the General Council (if not 

already registered) £1. 
DATES OF ENTERING FOR EXAMINATIONS, ETC., AND 
FOR PAYMENT OF FEES.? 

Candidates may pay the fees personally or transmit them to T. 
GILBERT, University, Edinburgh, by Post Office or Postal Orders, 
or by Bank Drafts, crossed Union Bank of Scotland (Hunter Square 
Branch), Edinburgh, and not by cheques on private accounts. 

I, PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION FoR B.L. 

Candidates for Examination may obtain Schedules at the Matricula- 
tion Office, University (Old) Buildings, which must be completed and 
lodged, with the relative fees, not later than 18th September 1896 and 
Ist March 1897, for the autumn and spring Examinations respectively. 


A.—ON THE M.A. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION STANDARD. 
1896. 

Sept. 18, Fri. Names, &c., to be given in and fees paid, on or before 
this date, 

25, 5,  Italian—2-5. 

26, Sat. English—g-11, 12-2; Lower Greek, 3-6. 

ms 28, Mon. Lower Latin—g-12; Lower Mathematics, 2-5. 

"» 29, Tu. Higher Latin—g-11, 12-2; French, Ist Paper, 3-4.30. 

30, Wed. Higher Greek—g-11, 12-2; German, Ist Paper, 


23 


3} 


3-4.30. 
October 1, Th. Higher Mathematics—g-11, 12-2; French, 2nd 
Paper, 3-5. 
2, Fri. German—2nd Paper, 9-11; Dynamics, 1-4. 


” 


1 If names are not entered, and fees are not paid, on or before the stated dates, 
a late-entry fee of ten shillings must be paid before the Candidate can be admitted to 


examination. 


Dates of Examinations in 1896-97. 521 


1897. 
March 1, Mon. 
Ἢ 26, Fri. 
Aa 27. ΘΒ: 
96 29, Mon. 
op Bos ΠῚῚ- 
oF 31, Wed. 
April lula: 
00 2, Fri. 


Names, &c., to be given in and fees paid ov or before 
this date. 

Italian—2-5. 

English—g-11, 12-2 ; Lower Greek, 3-6. 

Lower Latin—9g-12 ; Lower Mathematics, 2-5. 

Higher Latin—g-11, 12-2; French, 1st Paper, 3-4. 30. 

Higher Greek—g-11, 12-2; German, Ist Paper, 
3-4. 30. 

Higher Mathematics—g-11, 12-2; French, 2nd 
Paper, 3-5. 

German—2nd Paper, 9-11 ; Dynamics, 1-4. 


B,.—¥or DATEs OF EXAMINATIONS AND OUTLINE OF SUBJECTS ON 
STANDARD OF ORDINARY DEGREE OF M.A., see Regulations for 
Degrees in Arts. 


II. LAW EXAMINATIONS FoR LL.B. AND B.L.! 


1896. 


October 


_ April 
August 


19, Mon. 


15, 99 
16, Tu. 


17, Wed. 


19 ἘΠ: 
19, Fri. 


22, Mon. 


10, Sat. 
2, Mon. 


Names to be given in, certificates shown, and fees 
paid, ov or before this date. 

Scots Law—9-1; Constitutional Lawand History, 2-4. 

Civil Law—9-1; Constitutional Lawand History, 2-4. 

Conveyancing — 9-1; Political Economy, 9-11 ; 
I1.30-1.30 ; Medical Jurisprudence, 2-4. 

Public Law—o-11, 12-2. 

International Private Law, 9-11; Procedure and 
Evidence, 12-4. 


. Oral Examinations begin. 


Names to be given in, certificates shown, and fees 
paid, ov or before this date. 

Scots Law—9-1; Constitutional Lawand History, 2-4. 

Civil Law—9-1 ; Constitutional Lawand History, 2-4. 

Conveyancing, 9-1; Political Economy, 9-11; 
I1.30-1.30; Medical Jurisprudence, 2-4. 

Public Law, 9-11, 12-2. 

International Private Law, 9-11; Procedure and 
Evidence, 12-4. 

Oral Examinations begin. 


GRADUATION CEREMONIALS. 


| Names to be entered at least ten days previously. 


1 See footnote, page 520. 


ὰ 


522 


Examination Papers for Degrees in Lao. 
£XAMINATION PAPERS FOR LL.B. AND 8.2. 
SCOTS LAW. 

Monpay, 16th March 1896.—g9 2Σῶ τ o'clock. 
(Three Questions only in each group to be answered.) 


iis 


1. What are the powers of a minor who has no curators, 
and in what ways may a minor who has curators bind him- 
self when acting without their consent ? 

2. What is the order of intestate succession in heritage ? 

3. State the rules affecting donatio inter virum et uxorem. 

4. Expound briefly the law of vesting of legacies. 


LT. 


1. State generally how servitudes are constituted and — 
how they are extinguished ? 

2. Explain briefly the law of support. 

3. On whom lies the burden of repair of (4) houses and 
(2) farm fences, as between landlord and tenant ἢ 

4. Explain the following, with reference to reparation :— 
Spondet peritiam artis ; volentt non fit injuria ; every dog is 
entitled to one worry ; vs major. 


11Ὲ 


1. In what ways can a person, receiving a share of the 
profits of a business, show that he is not a partner in the 
business ? 

2. What are the remedies of the parties respectively when 
(1) the buyer wrongfully refuses to accept, and (2) the seller 
wrongfully refuses to deliver, the goods? 

3. In Marine Insurance, what is constructive total loss? 
and how is indemnity obtained ἢ 

4. In what circumstances may a Joint Stock Company be 
wound up (1) voluntarily, and (2) by the Court? 


Degrees in Law—Examination Papers. 523 


IV. 


1. How far is a bill of lading evidence of the quantity of 
goods shipped? What are the rights of an indorsee of a 
bill of lading ? 

2. What are the provisions of the Act of 1696, c. 5, with 
regard to preferences granted to creditors? Give three 
classes of transactions which are held not to fall under the 
operation of the Act. 

3. Explain the sexennial prescription. 

4. What subjects are liable to ordinary poinding. 


CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND HISTORY. 
FIRST PAPER. 
Monpay, 16¢4 March 1896.—2 to 4 o'clock. 


(Five Questions at most to be answered.) 


1. Define the province of Constitutional Law and His- 
tory. What do you understand by Political Science ? 

2. (a) Sketch the History and (2) describe the chief con- 
stitutional provisions of the Great Charter. 

3. Trace in outline the growth of representative govern- 
ment from Anglo-Saxon times to 1295; 07, describe and 
discuss the legislation of Edward I. 

4. Sketch the history and the proceedings of the Good 
Parliament (1376). 

5. What were the powers and privileges of the House of 
Commons in the reign of Henry V. ? 

6. Describe briefly Wycliffe’s place in Constitutional 
History. 

_ 7. Trace Wycliffe’s influence from his death down to the 
time of Luther. 

8. Why may Henry VIII. be described as a very consti- 
tutional monarch? Illustrate. 

g. Sketch very briefly the history of the Reformation in 
England, and show its political bearings. 

to. “Queen Elizabeth was an absolute sovereign.” 
Criticize and discuss. 


524 Degrees in Law—Examination Papers. 


11. Give the substance, and state the causes and effects, 
of Queen Elizabeth’s legislation against the Roman 
Catholics—or, of that against the Puritans. 

12. Explain and discuss any fowr of :—(a) De minoribus 
rebus principes consultant, de majoribus omnes. (6) Swa 
swythe nearwelice he hit lett ut aspyrian thet nes an elpig 
hide landes ... thet nes geset on his gewrite. (¢) 
Nullum scutagium ponatur nisi per commune consilium 
regni. (4) Nullus liber homo capiatur vel imprisonetur.. . 
nisi per legale judicium parium suorum vel per legem terrae. 
(ec) Quod omnes tangit ab omnibus comprobetur. (/) 
Temporal lords may take away the godes fro the Cherch 
whan the persones trespasin. (g) The eld dampned opinion 
of Berengari. (/) Rustici statuerunt omnes curiarum 
rotulos et munimenta vetera dare flammis. (7) Il Cardinale 
Eboracense comincid a persuadere il Re che, ripudiata la 
prima moglie, contrahesse un altro matrimonio. 


SECOND PAPER. 
Tuespay, 174k March 1896.—2 to 5 o clock. 
(Five Questions only to be answered.) 


1. Describe, discuss, and illustrate the Kingship of the 
Stuarts. 

2. State shortly the history and the substance of (a) 
The Apology, (4) The Protestation, (c) The Petition of 
Right, and (4) The Grand Remonstrance. 

3. Summarize and explain the ‘religious tests” legisla- 
tion of Charles II. ; 

4. Define and discuss the Monarchy of 1689. How far 
is it rightly termed “the new monarchy ” ? 

5. Trace the growth of the Cabinet System. Explain 
its working. 

6. Sketch the history of one of the thirteen North 
American Colonies down to 1763. 

7. State shortly the causes of the American Revolution 


(1764-76). 


Degrees in Law—Examination Papers. 525 


8. What are the chief provisions of the Constitution of 
the U.S.A. ? 

g. Discuss the peculiarities of the U.S.A. form of govern- 
ment, and compare it with other forms. 

to. “Government by the King’s Friends”: explain and 
criticise. 

rr. Give an outline of the history of Religious Toleration 
in England down to 1830, 97, of that of Parliamentary 
Reform down to 1832. 

12. Write a brief account of the present Constitution of 
one of—France, Switzerland, Prussia, German Empire, 
Austrian-Hungarian Empire. 

13. State and discuss the merits or demerits, peculiarities 
Or anomalies, of any one of the constitutions of the 
countries just named. 


CIVIL LAW. 
TueEspay, 1772 March 1896.—9 ¢o τ o'clock. 
A.—HIsTory. 


(All candidates are expected to answer SIX Questions in 
this group.) 

1. What do you consider the most fruitful methods of 
investigation into Early Roman Law ? 

2. What is known regarding (1) the mode of appointment, 
and (2) the judicial attributes of the kings ? 

3. Are there any indications that the system of private 
property in land was of gradual development at Rome? 

4. Describe the origin and the constitutional position of 
the tribunate of the plebs. 

5. What were the modes in which marriage cum conventione 
in manum could be created ἢ 

6. Discuss the nature of the Pontifical ‘ Interpretation,” 
and its bearing on the development of the law. 

7. Trace the history and effects of the system of Responsa 
under Imperial sanction. 

8. “The Corpus Juris is not a Code in our sense of the 


526 Degrees in Law—Examination Papers. 


word.” Explain this statement, and remark on the arrange- 
ment of Justinian’s law-books. 


B.— INSTITUTES. 


(The first Question must be answered by all candidates ; 
candidates for M.A. or B.L. should attempt SEVEN, and 
candidates for LL.B. ¥1v¥ of the remaining Questions.) 

1. Translate and explain :— 

(a) Si quis tutor copiam sui non faciat, ut alimenta pupillo 
decernantur, cavetur . . . ut in possessionem bonorum ejus 
pupillus mittatur: et quae mora deteriora futura sunt, dato 
curatore distrahi jubentur. Ergo ut suspectus removeri 
poterit, qui non praestat alimenta. 

(2) Interdum etiam sine traditione nuda voluntas sufficit 
domini ad rem transferendam. 

(c) Definiverunt veteres, ex quibus causis infitiando lis 
crescit, ex his causis non debitum solutum repeti non posse, 
veluti ex lege Aquilia, item ex legato. 

(4) Furti actio . . . tantum ad poenae persecutionem 
pertinet: nam ipsius rel persecutionem extrinsecus habet 
dominus, quam aut vindicando aut condicendo potest 
auferre. 

2. Note the leading differences in the law of manumission 
of slaves as stated by Gaius and Justinian. 

3. What was minima capitis deminutio? In what cases 
did it occur, and with what results ἢ 

4. Explain occupatio as a title to Property, and give the 
leading examples of its application. 

5. Over what subjects, and in what ways, might a Usufruct 
be created? What were the rights of the usufructuary ? 

6. What were the different forms in which a legacy could 
be validly bequeathed at different periods? 

7. What persons were called to the succession wade liberi? 

8. State the leading rules of law regarding fidejussio. 

9. Explain the working of acceptilatio, novatio, and 
confusto. 

το. Illustrate by examples the nature of an obligation 
φασί ex delicto. 


Degrees in Law—Examination Papers. 527 


G@=—Dicest XVIII. 1 anp XIX; 1. 


(Zo be answered by Candidates for LL.B.). 


1. “Quod vendidi non aliter fit accipientis, quam si aut 
pretium nobis solutum sit aut satis eo nomine factum vel 
etiam fidem habuerimus emptori sine ulla satisfactione.” 

(a) Explain this rule historically. 

(4) In what other ways were the interests of an unpaid 
seller legally secured ? 

2. ‘Translate the following passages, and show their bear- 
ing on the theory of Error and of Agency respectively :— 

(1) Labeo libro posteriorum scribit, si vestimenta inter- 
pola quis pro novis emerit, Trebatio placere ita emptori 
praestandum quod interest, si ignorans interpola emerit. 
quam sententiam et Pomponius probat, in qua et Julianus 
est, qui ait, si quidem ignorabat venditor, ipsius rei nomine 
teneri, si sciebat, etiam damni quod ex eo contingit : quem- 
admodum si vas aurichalcum pro auro vendidisset ignorans, 
tenetur ut aurum quod vendidit praestet. 

(2) Si procurator vendiderit et caverit emptori, quaeritur 
an domino vel adversus dominum actio dari debeat. et 
Papinianus libro tertio responsorum putat cum domino ex 
empto agi posse utili actione ad exemplum_ institoriae 
actionis, si modo rem vendendam mandavit. ergo et per 
contrarium dicendum est utilem ex empto actionem domino 
competere. 


CONVEYANCING. 
WEDNESDAY, 18¢h March 1896.—9 10 τ o'clock. 


(Any TWELVE Questions to be answered.) 


1. Sketch the Instrument of Sasine in feudal subjects in 
the form in use before the Statutory changes. 

2. Discuss the Disposition with double manner of holding 
in the old form, stating the essential clauses thereof, with 
their uses. 

3. Explain the absence from the modern form of Dis- 
position of the following Clauses :—(a) the obligation to 


528 Degrees in Law—Examination Papers, 


infeft, (2) the procuratory of resignation, (c) the precept of 
Sasine. 

4. Deal historically and practically with the warrant of 
registration. 

5. Explain the theory of Burgage tenure, and mention 
the method by which Sasine was given to a singular suc- 
cessor in Burgage subjects. 

6. State the provisions of the Conveyancing Act, 1874, 
as to the redemption and commutation of casualties. 

7. Comment on the case of Dick Lauder ν. Thornton. 

8. Discuss the change made on the long positive pre- 
scription by the Conveyancing Act. 

9. Explain the peculiarities of the form of Conveyance 
provided by the Lands Clauses Act, and its effects. 

10. Treat historically the subject of mortis causa deeds 
relating to heritage. 

11. Explain the enactment of the Consolidation Act, 
1868, on this subject. 

12. Trace the uses and effect of a decree of general 
service: (a) as conferring a right; (6) as a step in com- 
pletion of title ; and (Ὁ as involving a liability. 

13. What are the modern essentials of a Deed of Strict 
Entail, as to its contents and the necessary further steps. 

14. Explain the difference between old and new Entails 
as to date disentailing. 

15. Discuss the position of the law as to the consents of 
heirs (and dispensing with consents) in applications under 
the Entail Acts. 


MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. 


WEDNESDAY, 18¢h March 1896.—z2 to 4 o'clock. 

τι. What are the characteristic symptoms of poisoning by 
Deadly Nightshade? (Atropa Belladonna). 

2. When a bullet has traversed the body or a limb, what 
differences may exist between the wound of entrance and 
the wound of exit ? 

3. What is the average length and weight of a healthy 
new-born male child ? 


Degrees in Law-—Examination Papers. 529 


4. What is meant by choke damp? under what circum- 
stances does it occur? 
5. What is the relation of intoxication to responsibility 
for crime ? 
PUBLIC LAW. 


First PAPER.—PHILOSOPHY OF LAW. 


Tuurspay, τοῦ March 1896.—g9 to 11 o'clock. 
(Wot more than stx Questions to be answered.) 


1. Distinguish and describe the various ‘“ Methods of 
Jurisprudence.” 

2. In what successive forms did Ancient Law manifest 
itself? 

3. “Civitas nihil aliud est quam hominum multitudo, 
aliquo societatis vinculo colligata.” Do you consider that 
to be an adequate definition of the State ἢ 

4. The influence of Stoicism upon Roman Law. 

5. Discuss Austin’s conception of Sovereignty. 

6. Into what elements may a legal Right be analysed? 
How may legal Rights be classified. 

7. Give some account of the conception of ‘“ Natural 
Law” in the 15th century a.p. 

8. What is the philosophical basis of the Right of 
Bequest ? 

9. Distinguish between Positive Law and Positive 
Morality ? 

ro, Examine the theory of a Social Compact. 

11. For an Essay :—The limits of State interference. 


SECOND PAPER.—PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL Law. 


THuRSDAY, 1974 March 1896.—12 20 2 o'clock. 


(Wot more than stx Questions to be answered. One of the 
First Three must be answered). 
τ. Compare and contrast International, with Municipal, 


Law. 
2. Discuss the bearing of the Reformation upon Inter- 


national Law. 
21, 


530 Graduates in Law—LL.B. 


3. Give some account of the following :—Isidore of 
Seville; Honoré Bonet; Franciscus a Victoria ; Gentilis ; 
Selden. 

4. Describe, with illustrations, the varieties of Mi-souvrain 
States. 

5. What is Intervention? When may it be legally 
resorted to? 

6. Over whom do States possess extra-territorial juris- 
dictional powers ? 

7. To what extent are seas still maria clausa? 

8. “War is not a relation of man to man, but of State to 
State.” Discuss. | 

g. State and illustrate the law relating to transfers of 
property by enemy-subjects to neutrals. 

το. What are the liabilities of State-property in time of 


11. May Guerilla bands be lawfully employed ? 

12. State the Law of Blockade. 

13. What is the Doctrine of Occasional Contraband ? 

14. Write an account of any two of the following :— 
First Armed Neutrality: Silesian Loan; Alabama Claim : 
Monroe Doctrine ; Affair of the Trent. 


POLITICAL ECONOMY. 
(Lor papers, see under Faculty of Arts.) 


Graduates in Lato.’ 
DEGREE OF LL.B,, 1889-1896. 


1889, * Alistair Davidson, M.A. 
David Anderson, M.A. *Matthew Robin Greenlees, M.A, 
Claud Patrick Boswell, M.A. James Arthur Hope, M.A, 


Archibald Brown Campbell,M.A, | *William Hunter, M.A. 
*Andrew Henderson Briggs Con- | *Robert Bird Kerr, M.A, 
stable, M.A. Francis Kinloch, B. A. 


1 The names of all the Graduates in Law from the institution of the Degrees to 
1888 will be found in the List of Graduates of the University, published in 1889, PP. 
125-127, See also previous Calendars. 

* Passed with distinction. ‘‘ Distinction ’’ was instituted in October 1885. Several 
of the Graduates of 1885-88 passed part of their Examinations before any record of 
distinction was preserved, 


Graduates in Law—LL.B. 


*George Fleming Mathers, M.A. 
*John Hepburn Millar, M.A. 
*Charles David Murray, M.A. 
*Coventry Dick Peddie, M.A. 
John Ritchie, M.A. 

*Hamish Hay Stuart, M.A. 

Arthur Moodie Thomas, M.A. 

* Alexander Thomson, M.A. 


1890. 
*Duncan Mearns Abel, M.A. 
*James Roberton Christie, M.A., 
LL.B. (Glasg.). 

*William Scott Currie, M.A. 
Edmund John Gunn, M.A. 

Neil James Kennedy, B.A. 
William James Kippen, B.A. 
Lawrence M‘Laren, M.A. 

John Liddell Officer, M.A. 
Alexander David Russell, M.A. 
*William Thomson, M.A. 

1891. 

Andrew Brown, M.A. 

Charles Walker Bruce, M.A. 
Robt. Jeffrey Cunningham, M.A. 

James Wright Forbes, M.A. 
Henry William Gibson, M.A. 
Alexander Gray, M.A. 

William Gray, M.A. 

*James Mercer Irvine, M.A., B.Sc. 

*Erskine Dawson Jamieson, M.A. 

*Thomas Johnston, M.A. 

Robt. Carmichael Malcolm, M.A. 

*Thomas Brash Morison, M.A. 
C. Morrison, M.A. 

*Andrew Fleming Smith, M.A. 
James Robert Earl Monteith 

Smith, M.A. 
Michael Smith, M.A. 

*Robert Macaulay Smith, M.A. 
Frederick Mills Spankie, M.A. 
Alex. Arthur Granger-Stewart, 

M.A. 

*Robert Moir Williamson, M.A. 

John Buchanan Young, M.A. 


* Passed with Distinction. 


1892. 
James Barty, M.A. 
William Brown, M.A. 
*John Sproat Taylor Cameron, 
M.A 


*William Chree, M.A. 
John Marr Davidson, M.A. 
*James Grant, M.A. 
Augustus Wallace 
M.A. 
Thomas John Millar, M.A. 
Alexander John Raeburn, M.A. 


M ‘Gregor, 


1893. 
George Haskell Boyd, M.A. 
Thomas Sanderson Hepburn 
Burns, M.A. 


*William Findlay, M.A. 

Louis Carr Hallard, M.A. 
*William Ingram, M.A., D.Sc. 
*Robert Munro, M.A. 

William Dormond Munro, M.A. 
* Alexander Blairford Smith, M.A. 
Thomas Callander Wade, M.A. 
John Peregrine Robertson White, 
1894. 

* Alexander Brown, M.A. 

Robert Smith Craig, M.A. 

William Graham, M.A. 

Ian MacIntyre, M.A. 

*James M‘Robie, M.A. 

David Maxwell, M.A. 

George Morton, M.A, 

John Purves Smith, M.A. 

Frederick James Thomson, M.A. 
*John Aitken Welsh, M.A. 


17th April 1895. 
William Dunbar MacDougall, 
M.A, 


Walter James Robertson, M.A. . 


Ist August. 
*Francis Molison Anderson, M.A 
*James Ballantyne, M.A. 
John Erskine Dods, M.A. 


See note 2 on page 530. 


532 Flonorary Graduates in Law. 


Alexander James Louttit Laing, 11th April 1896, 
M.A. *James Adamson, M.A. 
*Charles Lippe, M.A. Arthur James Alison, M.A. 

Alexander M‘Callum, M.A. William Blair, M.A. 


William George Manson, M.A. James Dunlop, M.A. 
*John Arthur Thomas Robertson, | *Hugh Archibald Hamilton, M.A. 


M.A. Robert Macfie, M.A. 
James Rose, M.A. Robert Dundonald Melville, M.A. 
*James Miller Thomson, M.A. James Duncan Millar, M.A. 
David Milne Watson, M.A. William Mitchell, M.A. 


DEGREE OF B.I.. 
1889. 1893. 
*Robert Liddell Cockburn. John Romanes. 


John Glover. Thomas Edward Taylor, M.A. 
William Stowell Haldane. 


John Lumsden Macpherson, 1894. 
M.A. *Alexander Douglas Donald. 

John James Waugh. Buckham William Liddell. 
1890. 1895. 

Pome a afaccol, | Geo, Best Rawson Coldstream: 

es Ae William Alexander Cullen. 
1891. 11th April 1896. 

John Scrymgeour Hepburn. James Dan Easson. 

John Nisbet. *Alexander Speeden Riach. 

William Alexander Stewart. David Ritchie. 

Thomas Trotter. *William Gowan Dobie Simpson. 


DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF LAWS (LL.D.).} 


The Degree of Doctor of Laws is conferred honoris causé tantum. It 
was first granted in 1695. Previously to 1751 it had been conferred on 
seven persons only. Since then more than 400 names, including some 
of the most distinguished in Europe, have been added to the list. The 
degree is not conferred in absence except in very special cases. 

The following is a list of those upon whom the Degree of Doctor of 
Laws has been conferred in 1889-1896 : —* 


* Passed with Distinction. See note 2 on page 530. 

1 Those to whom the Degree has been offered, if unable to be present at the 
Graduation Ceremonial immediately esta may. present themselves at any sub- 
sequent Ceremonial, on giving at least a week’s notice. : 

2 The names of those who received the Degree prior to 1859 will be found in the 
“ Catalogue of the Graduates in the Faculties of Arts, Divinity, and Law of the Uni- 
versity of Edinburgh since its foundation,” published in 1858, and of those who 
received the Degree from 1859 to 1888, both years included, in the List of Graduates 
published in 1889, and in previous Calendars. 


Honorary Graduates in Law, 


1889. 
1 Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Bahadiir, 
KSC .S-1. 
J. E. T. Aitchison, C.1.E.,M.D., 
ΒΡ δος &e. 
ΤΣ James D. Dana. 
1 Francis Day, C.I.E., ἄς. 
‘Hon. David Dudley Field. 
12 C, Gegenbaur. 
12K, Haeckel. 
‘Rudolf von Jhering, Dr. Jur. 
12E. E. Kummer. 
William Mackintosh, M.A., Q.C. 
12 Konrad Maurer. 
Maurice Paterson, B.A. 
Richard Quain, M.D., F.R.S., 
ἄς. 
1 Rudolf von Roth, Ph.D. 
12 Barthélemy St. Hilaire. 
12 Jules Simon. 
Whitley Stokes, C.S.I., C.LE., 
ΤΟ. ΕΞ, δ ΟΣ 


15 Geheimrath Heinrich von Sybel. 


James Ward, M.A., D.Sc. 
? William Dwight Whitney. 
12 Β, Windscheid. 


1890. 


Sir Benjamin Baker, C.E. 
Pierre Paul Leroy-Beaulieu. 
Right Hon. Henry Chaplin, M.P. 
Sir Dyce Duckworth, M.D. 
Sir John Fowler, Bart., C.E. 
1James Anthony Froude, M.A 
LL.D. 
Joseph H. Gilbert, M.A., Ph.D., 
Dee RS. 
William W. Goodwin, D.C.L. 
James Hardy. 
Sir John Kirk, M.D., G.C.M.G. 
General Robert Maclagan, R.E. 
John Marshall, M.A, 
Right Hon. J. P. B. Robertson, 
M.P. 
Frederic Seebohm, F.S,A. 


3. 


1 Conferred ix absentia. 


533 

'Emeritus-Professor Ὁ,  Piazzi 
Smyth, F.R.A.S., &c. 

H., M. Stanley. 

Spencer Walpole. 


1801. 
Alexander Asher, Q.C., M.P., 
& 


Χο, 
John Beddoe, M.D., F.R.S, &c., 
&e. 

RK. Conder; ἘΠ ΗΕ 
Felix Dahn, 
Alexander Campbell 

IBC RIAA IO) 6), 

. Cunningham Geikie, D. Ὁ. 
George Joachim Goschen, M.P. 
Sir George Murray Humphry, 

MsD sor RS. 
Colonel Sir Colin Campbell Scott 
Moncrieff, K.C.M.G., C.S.I. 
Professor Simon Newcomb. 


Fraser, 


Sir Herbert Stanley Oakeley, 
MeA., «Mus. “Dec: ἘΠῚ. 
ID (Ox) be 


John Johnstone Rogerson, B.A., 
LL.B. 


1892. 
Surgeon-General James Macnabb 
Cuningham, M.D., ἄς. 
PRev. Οὐ. A. Van Dyck, M:D., 
D.D. 
Robert M. 
BRS. Eh: 
Rt. Hon. Sir Edward Fry. 
1Theodore NGeldeke, 
Dr Jakob Schipper. 
Hon. Sir Charles Tupper, Bart., 
G.C.M.G., C.B., M.D. 
TRev. Thomas Walker, M.A. 
Robert Boog Watson, B.A., 
ἘΣΙΣ ΘΜ ΕΣ 
1893. 
Geheimrath Professor Dr Arthur 
Auwers. 


Ferguson, Ph.D., 


2 Tercentenary Graduates unable to be present in 1884. 


534 
Sir I. Lowthian. Bell, Bart., 
BERS: 


John Sutherland Black, M.A. 

Sir George Buchanan, 
F.R.S. 

Rt. Hon. Sir Stuart Knill, Bart. 

Henry Duncan Littlejohn, M.D., | 
F.R.€.S. Edin. 

Alfred Marshall, M.A. 

John Rhys, M.A. 

His Excellency General the Right 
Hon. Lord Roberts, of Can- 
dahar, G.C.B., G.C.I.E., | 
WEC., Re AL (8): 

Lieut.-Colonel Justin C. Ross, | 
C.M.G. | 

Rey. Walter C. Smith, D.D. 

Alexander Moody Stuart. 

Ramsay Heatley Traquair, M.D., | 
F.R.S. 

1894. 

John Taylor Brown. 

W. H. Gaskell, M.D., F.R.S., 
Lecturer on Physiology, Uni- | 
versity of Cambridge. | 

Henry Goudy, M.A., LL.B., 
Regius Professor of Civil Law, | 
Oxford. 

Professor Franz Kielhorn, Ph.D., 
University of Gottingen. | 

Professor Diodato Lioy, Doctor of 
Law, University of Naples. 

Charles B. Logan, W.S., Deputy | 
Keeper of the Signet. 

David Patrick, M.A., B.D. 

Rt. Hon. Sir Charles John Pear- 
son, M.A., Q.C., M.P. 

Right Hon. James Alex. Russell, | 
M.A., B.Sc., M.B.,C.M., Lord 
Provost of Edinburgh. 


M.D., | 


George Wilson, M.A., M.D., 
of Health, | 


Medical Officer 
Mid-Warwick. 


Honorary Graduates in Law. 


17th April 1895. 


Rey. William Cunningham, M.A., 
DSc, Wop. 

Hon. Lord M. T. Stormonth 
Darling, M.A. 

Professor W. M. Flinders Petrie, 
M.A., D.C.L. 


ist August. 


Joseph Remi-Leopold Delbceuf, 
ΡΩΝ iste 
fessor of Philology in the Uni- 
versity of Liege. 

Thos. Edmonson Charles, M.D., 
Rome ; Honorary Member of 
the British and American 
Archzological Society. 

S. Weir Mitchell, M.D., Phila- 
delphia, LL.D. (Harvard), 
M.D. honoris causa (Bologna). 


11th April 1896. 


P. Hume Brown, M.A. 

Emeritus-Prof. David Masson, 
LL.D., Historiographer Royal 
for Scotland. 

Douglas Argyll Robertson, M.D., 
F.R.C.S. (Edin.), &c. 

John Alexander Stewart, M.A., 
Christ Church, Oxford. 

David Duncan, M.A., D.Sc., 
Director of Public Instruction, 
Madras. 


14th May. 
Sir J. Russell Reynolds, Bart., 
M.D., ἄς. 
29th May. 


Giosue Carducci, Professor of 
Italian Literature, Bologna. 


Bursaries, Scholarships and Prizes, ὥτε,, in Law. 535 


Oursaries, Scholarships and Prizes, &c., in the 
Faculty of Latv. 
I—BURSARIES. 


| Annual 
Sz Total [6 πεν 
No.of; | O%e |. %|5 8) Allowance 
Fr indation.| 5 Ξ Name of Founder. anual iS Ee τὸ Patron. 
]»» ΕΞ Zech each Bursar.) 
Mitta i.... |.” eal noel (a τ πὶ τ Ὁ 
About | 
1: 1873|The Grierson Trus-| £80 0 οἱ 3 | x |£26 13 4 |Senatus. 
tees, 
About 
IE: 1873|Geo. Cairns, Solicitor.) 18 19 4| Toler 18 19 4 |Senatus. 
| 
III. 1878) DrAndrew Thomson.| 100 0 o| 4 4 | 25 0 o |Trus.of Dr Thomson. 
| | 


I. There are three Grierson Bursaries, each of the value of £26, 
13s. 4d. annually. Deserving students from the parishes of Crawford or 
Leadhills, applying to the Clerk of Senatus on or before the Ist day of 
September, are entitled to preference, if they satisfy certain conditions ;1 
and if the applicant is commencing his first Winter Session of the Law 
Curriculum he will be entitled to hold the Bursary for three years, pro- 
vided ‘‘ he prosecutes his studies with proper diligence.” !_ The subjects 
of examination are Elementary Latin, English, and Arithmetic. See 
Outline of Subjects, pages 112 and 128, and Time-Table of Examina- 
tions, page 132. 

Failing preferential candidates, the Bursaries will be tenable for one 
year only, and will be awarded to candidates who have attended one 
year in the Faculty of Arts in some University. 1. In the case of 
those commencing their first Winter Session in Law, the award 
will be to the candidate who has passed highest in Latin and Moral 
Philosophy at the Arts Graduation examination in October. 2. In 
the case of candidates commencing their second Winter Session— 
to the most distinguished law-student of that standing, who, if not a 
Graduate in Arts, has passed satisfactorily in Latin and Moral Philo- 
sophy at the Arts Examination, either in October or earlier. 3. In the 
case of candidates commencing the third Winter Session of the Law 
Curriculum—to the most distinguished law-student of that standing who 
has passed satisfactorily in Latin, Moral Philosophy, and Logic at the 
Arts Examination in October or earlier. See Regulations, CALENDAR 
1877-78, p. 370.  Bursars in 1895—First year, Δ. P. Miller. 
Second year, William Burt. Third year, Rk. D. Melville. 

II. The competition for the Cairns Bursary, which is tenable for one 


1 See CALENDAR 1877-78, p. 370. By ‘‘proper diligence” is understood regular 
attendance on Classes, and reasonable proficiency in Class Examinations. 


“si 


536 Scholarships tn Law. 


year only, and is not subject to any preferences, is subject to the same 
conditions as those for the second year Grierson Bursary. This Bursary 
is open to Students who have completed one year in the Law Faculty. 
Bursar—1895, R. MacGregor Mitchell. 

III. Forthe 7homson Bursaries application should be made to Messrs 
Traquair, Dickson ἃ Maclaren, 11 Hill Street. Candidates of the 
name of Thomson or Traquair, or natives of the town or county of 
Dumfries, or of the city of Edinburgh, are preferred. The Examina- — 
tion is in Latin and Moral Philosophy, and is the same as the October 
Examinations in those subjects for M.A. See CALENDAR 1879-80, p. 
345. Bursars—1891, Alexander M‘Callum. 1892, Robert Mache. 
1893, James MacKenna. 1894, Malcolm 77. MaciInnes, M.A. 1895, 
W. “7. Sellar. 

Bursaries in the Faculty of Arts, the holders of which may study 
in the Faculty of Law (see also under Faculty of Arts) :— 


| δ πὶ Totals 5: ae 
No. of % S| Name of Founder. | Annual 6 ἃ 5 Ὁ] Allowance Patron. 
|Foundation, ὦ 5 I e. We mo to 
alan ncome. iA) leach Bursar. 
ic lathes ΓΑ eo Fes sal he 
1: 1809 an Denis Grant,|4 “2 00 2. has ἿΞ ο Ὧν Grant's Trustees. 
ondon. About | out - 
Il. 1846] John Jamieson, Edin-| 26 ὁ o| 1 26 o o |Principal and Two 
burgh About ᾿ Professors. 
urgh. u sors. 
III. 1871/The Sibbald Bur-| 150 0 ο 5 | 3 30 0 0 eon Dr J. R. 
saries. ibbald. 
IV. 1883|Wm. Renton, Edin-| 19 19 6 1 | 1 19 τῷ 6 |Professors of Mathe- 
burgh. matics, Natural 
Philosophy, Chem- 
ra etry, and Political 
About out conomy. 
Υ- 1886 ΚῈ Allan, Feuar,| go ὁ o} 3 | 3 30 0 o |Trustees of R. Allan. 
elso. 
Mle 1889}Daniel MacLaurin,| 70 0 0 1 | 4 | 70 o o |Town Council. 
.London. 


fk.— SCHOLARSHIPS. 
GENERAL REGULATIONS FOR VANS DUNLOP SCHOLARSHIPS. 


Four Vans Dunlop Scholarships, each of about £100 per annum, 
tenable for three years, are more or less directly connected with the 
Faculty of Law :— 

Candidates for Nos. I. and IV. must have regularly attended in at 
least one class in the University of Edinburgh during each Winter 
Session in which they claim to have been Matriculated Students ; and 
no Candidate is eligible who has discontinued attendance at the Uni- 
versity for more than one year. 

Candidates fora Vans Dunlop Scholarship must enter their names 
and addresses at /east a fortnight before the date of examination, at | 


Scholarships tn Law. 537 


the Matriculation Office, University, Edinburgh, and produce evidence 
that they are eligible. They are required to be Matriculated students 
of the year in which the competition takes place. 

I. Vans Dunlop Scholarship in Commercial and Political Economy 
and Mercantile Law, for which both Law and Arts Students are 
eligible. For Regulations, see under Scholarships in Faculty of Arts. 

Next vacancy in November 1896. 

Il. Vans Dunlop Scholarship in the Law of Nature and Nations, 
Civil Law, and Constitutional Law and History. The Regulations for 
competition are as follows :— 

(a.) The Competition is open to all Candidates who, within the 
three years immediately preceding the date of competition, shall have 
graduated in Law in this University, or shall have passed the Gradua- 
tion Examination in the three subjects of examination for the Scholar- 
ship : provided they have written papers of the LL.B. standard at the 
Graduation Examination, and have obtained an average of not less 
than 75 per cent. of marks in these subjects. 

(4.) The Competition is by written Essays on branches of law to be 
announced at least one year before the date of competition. The 
precise subject of each of the essays will be set on the conclusion of the 
Graduation Examination in October. 

(c.) The Examiners are the Professors of the prescribed subjects, 
assisted by the additional Law Examiners. 

Next vacancy in October 1898. 

1895. Zhomas Callander Wade, M.A., LL.B. 

Ill. Vans Dunlop Scholarship in Scots Law and Conveyancing. 

(a.) The Competition is open to all Candidates who, within the 
three years immediately preceding the date of competition, shall have 
graduated in Law in this University, or shall have passed the Gradua- 
tion Examination in Scots Law, Conveyancing, and Medical Juris- 
prudence: provided they have obtained at the Graduation Examination 
an average of not less than 75 per cent. of marks in these three subjects. 

(2.) The Competition is by written Essays on (1) the Civil Law of 
Scotland, (2) the Criminal Law of Scotland, and (3) Conveyancing, 
the particular branches of which will be announced at least one 
year before the date of competition. The precise subject of each 
essay will be set on the conclusion of the Graduation Examination in 
October. 

(c.) The Examiners are the Professors of the prescribed subjects, 
assisted by the additional Law Examiners. 

Next vacancy in October 1896. 

Scholars—1893, Alexander D, Donald, B.L. 


CONDITIONS OF TENURE. 


Each holder of No. II. and No. III. of these Scholarships will be 
required to deliver, to the satisfaction of the Faculty of Law, two 
courses of three lectures each on one of the subjects of examination 


538 Scholarships in Law. 


for the Scholarship, viz., one course in the second, and the other in the 
third year of his tenure. 

IV. Vans Dunlop Scholarship in History. 

For Regulations, see under Scholarships in Faculty of Arts. 

Next vacancy in October 1898. 


V. Tur LORIMER TRAVELLING SCHOLARSHIP, 


The Lorimer Travelling Scholarship, of the annual value of about 
£50, tenable for two years, for the encouragement of the study of the 
“* Law of Nature and Nations” in foreign Law Schools by Students 
and Graduates in the Faculty of Law, was founded by the Lorimer 
Memorial Committee and the Association for the better Endowment of 
the University. The Scholarship is open to Candidates who, during 
the two years immediately preceding that in which a scholar falls 
to be appointed, have completed the examinations for a Degree in 
Law in the University in the following subjects, namely—(1) The 
ΚΤ αν of Nature and Nations” (including therein the Philosophy of 
Law); (2) The Civil Law; and (3) Either (a) Constitutional Law 
and History, or (4) Political Economy. The foreign Law School or 
Schools which the Scholar proposes to attend must be previously 
approved by the Faculty of Law. The Candidate who, in the opinion 
of the Faculty of Law, passes with most distinction in the examina- 
tions for Graduation in Law, in the subjects above set forth, during 
the two years immediately preceding the election, and who is willing 
to fulfil the conditions imposed by the Deed of Foundation, will be 
eligible, consideration being always given to his proficiency in the 
first of the above-named subjects, and to his knowledge of the modern 
language or languages spoken in the Law School or Schools where 
he proposes to study. For Deed of Foundation, see CALENDAR for 
1892-93, p. 538. + 

This Scholarship may be offered for competition in July 1897. 


VI. GrAy SCHOLARSHIP FOR RESEARCH. 
For Regulations, see under Scholarships in the Faculty of Arts. 


II—WILLIAM DICKSON TRAVELLING FUND. 


This fund is for the purpose of assisting Graduates of any Faculty of 
not more than three years’ standing to travel for the purposes of study 
or research. For particulars, see page 356. 


IV.—PRIZES. 


The Forensic Prize, of the value of £10, founded in 1858 by the 
Forensic Society with the view of encouraging the study of Roman 
Law, is awarded annually either in July or in October, as may be found 
convenient. It can be competed for only by Students of the Civil Law 
Class during the preceding year. The Fund, amounting to about £280, 


Scholarships and Bursaries in Law open in 1896-97. 539 


is invested in the name of the Dean and Treasurer of the Faculty of 
Advocates and the Professors of Civil and Scots Law, 
1895, Not awarded. 

The Muirhead Prize, of about £17, Ios, annually, is awarded to 
the Student who gains the first place in the Class of Civil Law, as 
determined by the results of the periodical examinations during both 
the Winter and Summer Sessions. 

1895, William Burt, M.A. 


SCHOLARSHIPS, BURSARIES, AND PRIZES, &c., 
OPEN IN 1896-97. 


Candidates for Scholarships must enter their names and addresses, 
and exhibit the necessary certificates, at the Office of the Clerk of 
Senatus at least fifteen days before the date of the competition. 

The examination for first-year Bursaries is in Latin and Moral Philo- 
sophy. Candidates to give in their names on or before Ist October. 
Applicants for the second and third year Grierson Bursaries must apply 
on or before 15th October, and must state what distinctions they have 
attained in the Law Classes of the previous year. 

Applications for grants from the William Dickson Travelling Fund 
must be lodged on or before 15th March. 

Where the competition is open to Graduates, their standing will 
be computed from the date of the Graduation Ceremonial immediately 
following the completion of their Law Examinations. 


I.—SCHOLARSHIP, 


No. I. of the above Scholarships will be open for competition after 
the conclusion of the Graduation Examination in October 1896. For 
the works recommended to Candidates, see under Faculty of Arts. 

No. III. of the above Scholarships will be offered for competition 
after the conclusion of the Graduation Examinations in October 1896. 
The subjects of the Essays to be set for this Scholarship will be taken 
from the following branches of Law:—(1.) The Law of Succession 
and Trust; The History of Criminal Procedure. (2.) The Law of 
Heritable Securities ; The Law of Entails. 


II,—BuRSARIES. 


The subjects of examination for first-year Bursaries are Latin and 
Moral Philosophy, and are the same as the October Examinations 
in these subjects for M.A. 

I, 2, 3. Lhree Grierson Bursaries, value £26, 13s. 4d. each, re- 
stricted in the first place to natives of the parishes of Crawford and 
Leadhills, and tenable for three years, whom failing they will be 
tenable for one year, One will be open to Students beginning their 
first Winter Session, one to Students beginning their second Winter 


540 Prizes in Law. 


Session, and one to Students beginning their third Winter Session (see 
general rule as to application, szJ.). 

3. The Cairns Bursary, value £18, 19s. 6d., tenable for one year 
(see general rule, sz.). 

4. The Stbdald Bursaries, No. XLIV., page 336. Apply to Messrs 
Mackenzie, Innes & Logan, 23 Queen Street, Edinburgh, before 15th 
September. 

5. A Thomson Bursary, of £25 a year, tenable for four years. Candi- 
dates must be Matriculated Students commencing their First Winter 
Session in the Faculty. of Law, and must intimate their intention to 
compete to Messrs Traquair, Dickson & Maclaren, W.S., 11 Hill Street, 
the Agents for Dr Thomson’s Trustees, and also to the Clerk of the 
Senatus on or before Ist October. Candidates of the name of Thomson 
or Traquair, or natives of the town or county of Dumfries or the ay 
of Edinburgh, are preferred. 

6. Renton Bursary, No. LXII., page 363. The examination is in 
English and Elementary Mathematics, and will take place on Saturday, 
2151 October, at 10 o'clock. Names of Candidates to be entered at 
the Matriculation Office, on or before 23rd October. 


III.—PRIZEs, 


1. The Forensic Prize of £10 is awarded annually, either for the 
best Essay upon a subject prescribed by the Professor of Civil Law, or 
as the result of a special examination held either in July or October. 
It can be competed for only by Students who have attended the Civil 
Law Class during the preceding year. The subject of Essay or date of 
Examination, as the case may be, is announced by the Professor early 
in the session. 

2. The Muirhead Prize, see page 539. 

3. The William Dickson Travelling Fund. See page 356. 

4. The Lord Rector’s Prize. See No. 2, page 359. 

5 and 6. Zhe Gray Prizes. See Nos. 7 ‘and 8, page 359. 


The attention of all Bursars in the Faculty of Law is particularly 
called to the following Regulation :— 

**Bursars connected with the Faculty of Law must annually attend 
and perform the work of at least one Class in the Faculty. 

‘* Each Bursar must present a Certificate, signed by the Dean, attest- 
ing his regular attendance, Ke., on each occasion on which he applies 
to the Factor for a payment.” 

Certificates, in terms of this regulation, will be given to Bursars by 
the Dean of the Faculty of Law after the 12th November ; also at the 
end of the Session in April. In applying to the Dean for the Certificate 
in November, Bursars must present to him their Class Cards for the 
Session, as evidence that they have enrolled in their classes; and at 
the end of the Session they must present to him certificates from the 


Prizes in Law. 541 


Professors to the effect that they have attended with regularity and have 
performed the work of the Class. Payments are made by the Factor 
for the University, Mr Henry Cook, W.S., 61 North Castle Street, 
Edinburgh, on and after 16th November for the Martinmas payments, 
and on and after 18th May for the Whitsunday payments,—between 
Io and 3 o'clock. 


N.B.—Bursars and Scholars who desire to resign should at once 
announce this to the Factor. They must apply to the Factor for the 
instalments due to them within three months after they have become 
payable, otherwise they will be regarded as having resigned. 


L. J. GRANT, Bart., B.A., 
Dean of the Faculty of Law. 


542 


Faculty of Medicine. 


Dean—PrRoFEssOR THOMAS R. FRASER, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S. 


oO—— 


Programme of Classes, 
WINTER SESSION, 1896-97. 


Students who do not intend to graduate in Medicine in this University 
may attend any of the Classes in the Faculty on payment of the Matricu- 
Those who intend to graduate must pass the Pre- 
liminary Examination before attendance on any Class will qualify for 


lation and Class Fees. 


Graduation. 


The Classes in the Faculty will be opened on Tuesday, 13th October, 
and will meet daily (Saturdays excepted), unless otherwise stated. 


Classes. ] 


Medicine. 


Chemistry 
Chemistry—Advanced 
Course 


Practical Chemistry 4 


Surgery 
Physiology or πον 


ΠΟ 5 


tutes of Medicine 
Practical Physiology 
Do. (Advanced’)...| 
Midwifery & Diseases 
of Women& Childr. | 
Clinical Surgery °— 
Royal Infirmary, 
Mon. & Thurs. | 


Clinical Medicine*— ) | 
Royal Infirmary, νι 
Tues. & Fri. ... 


Clinical Instruction in 
the Royal Infirmary 


Days of Opening and 
Hours of Lectures. 


13 Oct.,go’el { 
13 Oct., 10,5 


\ 5 Jan., 4s 


1 Dec., II 
and 2 o’cl. 
17 ΘΟ» ὙΠ. 


T3iOcts 10.» 


τ Oct eet | 
20 Oct. ΣΤ 55 


γ13 Oct., τοῦ; 


fas Oct ,12),5 


13 Oct., 12-2 
o'clock 


tin HIG ye 


Professors and Class 
: Lecturers. Fees.1 
Professor Sir T.) 
GraingerStewart, f 44 4 
(4 4 
Prof.Crum Brown 2.74 
(3 3 
Prof. Chiene, 4 4 
4 4 
Prof. Rutherford, ae 
4 4 
Prof. Simpson, ...| 4 4 
Prof. Annandale,| 4 4 
Professors Sir Το ἢ 
Grainger Stewart, 
Fraser, and Green- | 
field; and Simp-|{4 4 
son on Diseases of | 
Women yrre---satneus J 
The — Clinical) Hospital 
Professors .....| Ticket.4 


1 Fees for second and subsequent attendances, see page 545. 
2 This Class meets for two hours twice a week throughout the Winter Session only. 
3 Only open to Students holding the Hospital Ticket. 


4 For Fees, see page 546. 


Programme of Classes. 543 


WINTER SESSION—continued. 


Glasses: Days of Opening and Professors and Glace Reece! 


Hours of Lectures. Lecturers. 
PAMALOMLY eleserteeeer. το. 13 Oct.,1o’cl. | |Prof.Sir William {| 44 4 
Practical Anatomy ...| 1 Oct., daily Turner,-...... ὦ 
Anatomical Demon- Daa ΤΣ ΤῊ 
strations (Regional) } 13 Oct.,40’cl. Ϊ ny D ἘΡυαγα αὶ 2, 2. 
ἌΤΙ ΒΓΟΠΙΝ., τὐτο οτος ἐν ea 
Materia Medica........ RaVOcts 52.55 4 4 
Pract. Mat. Medica, Prof. χαθοῦν μεν 
includ. Pharmacy 14 Oct., τὸ »} 373 
Experimental Pharma- W.C. Sillar, M.B., ‘ 
COLOR τ Ἐπ nseecececess \ 14 Oct. 22 { BESCateser cee \ 3.3: 
Pathology, τ: το το τοννς ον 130 οἷ. 110’cl. 4 4 
Practical Ῥαίποϊορυ..., 14 Oct., dazly Prof. Greenfield, 12 
Pathological Bacteri- Robert Muir, ee 
OlOgyerestes senses. 20 Oct. { ΜΙΝ τορος ) ὍΤΕ: 
Zoology(Elementary)4) 13Oct.,120’cl- 4 4 
“ΠΡ 13 @ct:, Prof. Ewart, 2h Ὁ 
Do. (Advanced) 4.] 13 Oct.,1. as 3g 35 
Vertebrate Μοῖρῃ- ἢ 
ology (with Labora-| +13 Oct., 2 ,, | 3.2.0 
tony ΝΥ ΟΥ̓Κ) τ τ τος «τος, t Joma dend, 
Comparative Embry- \i2 jen. | Rise, Resaspnne aie 


ι 3 

ID ΥΞΙΟΘΕ sates το see τς τ ν 12 Οὐιϊ., 3 C.G. Knott, D.Se.| 3 3 
Advanced Botany4....) 13 Oct., 11 »} Prof. Be Balfour 2 2 
~ B: ς 3 

4 


6 
Prac. Bot.(Advanced)*} 13 Oct., ΣΙ ,, 3 59 
Medical Jurisprudence} ἡ Given in Sum- ; Ξ 
and Public Health mer Session ae Douglas} } 4 
Public Health Lectures} 22 Jan., 2 o’cl. Se eraass ο οἵ 
Mental Diseases, with Secs 
Gi eailnctarcticnat Given eet ΤῸ 5.0: Clouston, }: 53 


ΜΕΝ τῆν ἘΠ 


aie  ῸΣ mer Session 
Morningside Asylum 


; Given tn Sum- 
Diseases of the Eye... { es ΠΕ A. Berry, M.B.| 2 29 


Clinical Instruction on Ὶ | : 
Diseases of Children] {16 Oct., lar Decal eagle 
at Royal Hospital for | II A.M. ΠΠΕΣΕΡΑ ΣΡ D Ὥ 
Sick Children......... yaar 
1 See footnote 1, p. 542. 2 When taken along with Practical Anatomy, £1, 1s. 
3 Five Shillings University Entrance-Fee for Non-Matriculated Students. 
. 4 Three Months’ Course. 5 Besides charge of ros. for Laboratory Expenses. 


6 Besides Garden Fee of 5s. 
7 Open to Members of Medical Jurisprudence Class, 1896. 


544 


SUMMER SESSION, 


Programme of Classes. 


1897. 


The Classes will be opened as follows, and will meet daily (Saturdays 
excepted), unless otherwise stated. 


Classes. 


Elementary Botany..... 

Practical Botany........ 
Field Demonstrations 
on Saturdays. 

PRYSICSN ise oases 
Medical Jurisprudence! 
and Public Health.. 

Zoology (Elementary).. 
Zoology (Elemy. Prac.) 
Invertebrate Zoology... 
Do., with Laboratory 
VCE Εν το Ὁ Ὅν 
Advanced Zoology (em- 
bracing a Course on 
Comparative Morph- 
ology of the Inverte- 
brata and an Ad- 
vanced Laboratory 
Course) 
Prac. Materia Medica 
(incl. Pharmacy) 
Chemistry (Practical).. 
Do. (Organic)... 


ee eee 


Practical Anatomy...... 
Anthropology— 
(Tues... Wed., Th.) | 
Anatomical Demonstra- 
| tions (Regional Ana-| 
tomy)’ 
Clinical Surgery,’ Royal 
Infir. (Alon.& Thur.) 


Clinical Medicine,° 
Royal Infirmary 
(Tues .& Fri.) ..... 


Days of Opening and Professors and Class 
Hours of Lectures. Lecturers. Fees. 
4 May, 8 orl. Joy oie 
4 May, 9 , Prof. Bayley| 2 2? 
Balfour, 
4 May, 12 ,, Prot lattes 4.2 
Prof. Sir Doug- 
lh BESO Se las Maclagan, isaac 
41 May, 12 ,, |John Beard, D.Sc.} 4 4 
4 May.® 2) 5 95 
7, gs 
3 59: 
Prof. Ewart, 
Se 5} 
\4 May, 10 ,, |Prof. Fraser,.... 3.2 
4 May,2 ,, Prof. Crum Wee 
4iMay, ἈΠ. Brown, Ze 
‘Prot. Sites 
4 May, daily. Turner and|}2 2 
Demonstrators, 
\ ᾿ Prof; Sin sv. 4 
y4 May, 2 o’cl. Tuer \2 2 
4 May, 11 daily. τ Hepburn 
}o May, 12 ,, | Prof.Annandale,| 3 3 
( Professors Sir T. ] 
| Grainger Stewart, 
μ May, 12 to24 Fraser and Green- 3 


ifield ; 
| Simpson on Dis, 


and Prof. | 


ι οἵ Women. 


4 When taken with Practical Anatomy, 


1 See footnote 1, page 542. 


2 Besides Garden Fee of 5s. 
3 Besides charge of 10s. for Laboratory Expenses. 


I, tS 


5 Only open to Students holding the Hospital Ticket. 
7 Free when taken along with Practical Anatomy. 


6 At hours to be arranged. 


Le 


Royal Infirmary, Matriculation, &c. 545 
SUMMER SESSION—continued, 
; Days of Openi d Professors and | Class 
CESSES Hous Bihectires. ‘Lecturers: Rec 
Clinical Instruction in ἢ, |{ The Clinical Hospital 
the Royal Infirmary.. ) ea aa) Professors. Ticket.?| 
Obstetrical and Gyne- | 
col. Operations— 4 May, το o’cl. Prof. Simpson, £3 3 
(Tues. & Fri.) ᾿ | 
ere Gee, | 4 May, 11 o’cl. Prof. Ruther- Hw 
Do. (Advanced)...| 22 Winter only.| ford arog) 
Operative Surgery and : , : 
Surgical Appliances } 20 PAY os eee oe Profs. Chienes..|) 3an3 
"Πάν Ἡ May, 11 o’cl. | Prof.Greenfield,; 3 3 
Mental Diseases, with) ) 
Clinical Instructionat ; ; _| { Thos. 5. Clous-| ) , 
Morningside Asylum Σ δ οι τε ton, ΜῈ} 11. 2-28 
(Mon. Wed. & Frid.)) ) 
Diseases of the Eye ... 10 May, 9 ,, eo Ἢ Bory, \2 21 
ἘΣ ΔΕ ἐδ Tues. | | James ͵ Carmi-! 
at Royal Hospital for -4 May, Bees ταις eae 22 
Sick Children......... | 72.) " a ayfair, 
ὭΣ ΩΣ FHA)... ITA.M. AID ees tad 


1 Fees for second and subsequent attendances, see below. 


2 See Fees, page 546. 


3 Five Shillings University Entrance-Fee for Non-Matriculated Students. 


FEES FOR SECOND AND SUBSEQUENT ATTENDANCES. 


Second attendances on £4, 4s. Courses, £3, 3s.; on £3, 3s. Courses, 


£2, 2s.; subsequent attendances free. 


Second attendances on £2, 2s. 


Courses, no reduction; third or subsequent attendances, £1, Is. 
Second or subsequent attendances on Class of Diseases of Children, 


Is. 


£2, 


Laboratories, no reduction. 


2M 


Clinical Surgery: nine months’ ticket, if taken primarily, 
6s. (perpetual ticket) ; three months’ after a six months’ Course, 
38.; three months’ primary entry, £3, 3s.; second three months, 
2s.; third three months, £2, 2s. 


Perpetual ticket for initial pay- 
ment for any Course in the Faculty, £6, 6s. 


Practical Classes and 


546 Class Sessions, Laboratortes. 


ROYAL INFIRMARY. 
Royal Infirmary at Eleven daé/y.—Perpetual Ticket, in one payment, 
£12; Annual Ticket, £6, 6s.; Six Months, £4, 4s.; Three Months, 


£2, 2s. Separate payments, amounting to £12, 125., entitle to a 
Perpetual Ticket. 


MATRICULATION. 

Students are required to take out their Matriculation Tickets and. 
their Class Tickets not later than fifteen days after the beginning of the 
course. Matriculation consists in paying annually an entrance fee to 
the University, and in inscribing the name in the Students’ Album. 

All Candidates for Degrees, not Students of the University, availing 
themselves of the permission to attend the Classes of Extra-Academical 
Teachers in Edinburgh, must conform to the Regulations, Section 
VIII., 5, 6, page 599. 

The Matriculation Fees, &c., are— 

For the Academic Year (1st October to Ist October) Ae hie i. © 
For the Summer Session only (1st May to 30th September) o 10 6 
Candidates appearing for Graduation Examinations or for 
Graduation, pay £1, Is., unless previously matriculated 
for the whole year. 
University entrance-fee in lieu of Matriculation for each 
of certain additional Courses : : δ : : O° 550 


CLASS SESSIONS. 

There are Two Sessions in each year, viz. :— 

I. The Winter Session, which opens on Tuesday, 13th October 
1896, and closes on Friday, 19th of March 1897. Practical 
Anatomy and Public Health Laboratory work begin on the Ist 
of October 1896. 

The Classes will meet for the last time before the Christmas 
Vacation on Friday, 18th December 1896, and will reassemble 
on Tuesday, 5th January 1897. 

II. The Summer Session, which opens on Tuesday, 4th May, 
and closes on 16th July 1897. 


LABORATORIES, MUSEUMS, &c. 


The University contains the following Laboratories and 
Museums, several of the latter belonging in part to the Pro- 
fessors of the respective subjects :— 


I, LABORATORIES. 

Tue PuysicaAL LABORATORY, established with the view of affording 
Students a practical knowledge of the construction and use of physical 
apparatus, and the mode of conducting experimental inquiries, is open 
daily from 10 to 3, under the superintendence of Professor Tait. 


Laboratortes. 547 


THE RoyaL BOTANIC GARDEN LanoraTory, open daily for the 
practical study of plants and for research, under the superintendence 
of the Professor, assisted by James Adam Terras, B.Sc., and J. H. 
Burrage, B.A. 

PHYSIOLOGICAL LABORATORY, for the prosecution of Physiological 
Research, and for the study of Practical Physiology, open daily, 
under the superintendence of the Professor, assisted by E. W. Carlier, 
M.D., C.M., B.Sc., and Robert Hutchison, M.D., C.M. 

PRACTICE OF PHysic LABORATORY, for the study of Medicine, 
and for research in connection with the Practice of Physic, open daily, 
under the superintendence of the Professor, assisted by Robert A. 
Fleming, M.A., M.D., C.M. 

DIssECTING Rooms, open daily under the superintendence of Professor 
Sir William Turner, assisted by David Hepburn, M.D.; J. B. Yeo- 
man, M.B., C.M.; and other assistants. Open Ist October 1896 and 
4th May 1897. 

THE CHEMICAL LABORATORIES (distinct from the Practical 
Chemistry Room), completed in 1885, contain accommodation for 
forty Students, and are fitted with all necessary apparatus for chemical 
analysis and research. They are open daily, under superintendence 
of ἘΠπῈ Erofessor, assisted by Leonard Dobbin, Ph.D.; Hugh Marshall, 
ΕΘ: 

OBSTETRICAL AND GYNECOLOGICAL LABORATORY, for research and 
study of practical work, under the superintendence of the Professor, 
assisted by J. Clarence Webster, B.A., M.D. 

TUTORIAL CLASS OF CLINICAL MEDICINE, in the Wards of the 
Royal Infirmary, by Robert A. Fleming, M.A., M.D., C.M.; Harry 
Rainy, M.A., M.B., C.M.; Ὁ. A. Welsh, M.B. ; under the superin- 
tendence of the Clinical Professors. 

NATURAL History LABORATORIES, for study of the structure and 
development of Invertebrate and Vertebrate forms, open daily, under 
the superintendence of the Professor, assisted by J. Beard, D.Sc., 
Ph. D., and Gregg Wilson, M.A., B.Sc., Ph.D.? 

MATERIA MEDICA LABORATORIES, for the study of Practical 
Materia Medica and Practical Pharmacy, and for Pharmacological 
and Pharmaceutical research, open daily, under the superintendence 
of the Professor, assisted by William C. Sillar, M.B., C.M., B.Sc., 
and 

TUTORIAL CLASS OF CLINICAL SURGERY AND SURGICAL PATHO- 
LOGY, in the Infirmary, by John Wheeler Dowden, M.B., C.M., 


1 Fees for Chemical Laboratory :—Whole day—Winter Session, £10, 103.3 Oct.- 
Dec., Jan.-March, or Summer Session, £5, 5s. _Hadf day—Winter Session, £6, 6s., 
Oct.-Dec., Jan.-March, or Summer Session, 43, 3s. Preference will be given to 
Students in the above order. Students who are not Matriculated may attend the 
Chemical Laboratory on payment of the Entrance Fee of 5s., in addition to the 
Laboratory Fee. 

2 Fees—Winter Session, £10, 10s. ; Summer Session, £6, 6s. 


548 Museums. 


F.R.C.S.E., and the Resident Surgeons, under the superintendence 
of the Clinical Professor. 

Pustic HEALTH LABoRATORY, for Hygienic investigation, com- 
prises three departments, viz. : a Chemical, a Bacteriological, and a 
Meteorological Department, open daily, under the superintendence of 
the Professor, assisted by Charles Hunter Stewart, M.B., C.M., D.Sc., 
and J. Buchanan Young, M.B., C.M., D.Sc. Opens Ist October 
1896 and 4th May 1897.! 

SuRGICAL LABORATORY, divided into two parts—(a) General Surgical 
Pathology, (ὁ) Bacteriology, —is utilised for teaching Systematic Surgery, 
and every facility is afforded for investigation, under the superinten- 
dence of the Professor, assisted by Harold J. Stiles, M.B., C.M., 
F.R.C.S.E. 

PATHOLOGICAL LABORATORY, for the study of Pathological 
Anatomy and for Pathological Research, including Histological and 
Bacteriological Departments, under the superintendence of the Pro- 
fessor, assisted by Robert Muir, M.A., M.D., and D. A. Welsh, 
IMAGE ΒΊΟΣ ΜΕΒΕ CaM. 

THE RoyaL EDINBURGH ASYLUM is open to members of the Class 
of Mental Diseases for Practical Instruction, under the superintendence 
of the Physician-Superintendent. 

PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in the use of the Ophthalmoscope and in 
the detection of errors of refraction is given to members of the Class of 
Diseases of the Eye at the Eye Wards of the Royal Infirmary, under 
the Superintendence of the Lecturer. 


II. MUSEUMS. (See page 51.) 


GENERAL MEDICAL COUNCIL REGISTRATION OF 
STUDENTS OF MEDICINE. 

According to the Regulations of the General Medical Council of the 
United Kingdom, all Medical Students must register in the Medical 
Students’ Register of the General Medical Council within fifteen days 
after the commencement of Medical Study. Forms of application and 
full information regarding Registration may be obtained from James 
Robertson, Registrar of the Branch Council for Scotland, 1 George 
Square, Edinburgh, or at the Office of the Faculty of Medicine. 


MINIMUM CURRICULUM FOR DEGREES OF M.B. AND 
Ch.B., WITH SUGGESTED ORDER OF STUDY AND 
EXAMINATION. 


Before beginning Medical Study, students must pass the Prelimi- 
nary Examination in General Education, either at the University, or 
elsewhere, according to the requirements of the University. 

Medical Study may be begun either in October (Winter Session) or 
May (Summer Session), and must be engaged in for at least five years, 


1 See footnote 2, page 547. 


Minimum Curriculum for Degrees in Medicine. 


549 


A.—For Students beginning in Winter. 


First WINTER SESSION. 
Chemistry, including Practical 
Chemistry. 
Physics,! or Elementary Zool- 
ogy. 
Anatomy (Lectures). 
Examination in Chemistry, in- 
cluding Practical Chemistry, 


and either Physics or Ele-| 


mentary Zoology. 
FIRST SUMMER SESSION. 


Elementary Zoology or Phy- 


sics.+ 
Elementary Botany. 
Examination in Elementary 
Botany and Elementary 
Zoology or Physics. 

SECOND WINTER SESSION, 
Practical Anatomy. 
Physiology. 

Surgery. 

SECOND SUMMER SESSION. 
Practical Physiology. 

Practical Materia Medica. 

Clinical Surgery (with Dresser- 
ship). 

Hospital. 

THIRD WINTER SESSION. 
Materia Medica. 

Practical Anatomy. 
Clinical Surgery (with Dresser- 


ship). 

Hospital. 
Examination in Anatomy, | 
Physiology, and Materia 


Medica and Therapeutics (the 
last may be postponed to the 
end of the followingsummer). 
THIRD SUMMER SESSION. 
Practical Pathology. 
Medical Jurisprudence 
Public Health. 


and 


1 Three months’ course. 


| Clinical Medicine. 
| Hospital. 
Examination in Materia Med- 
ἦα and Therapeutics (if not 
previously taken). 


FOURTH WINTER SESSION, 
Pathology. 
Medicine. 
Midwifery and Diseases of 
Women and Children. 
Clinical Medicine (with Clerk- 
ship). 

| Hospital. 

Examinationin Pathology,and 
in Medical Jurisprudence and 
Public Health (the latter may 
be postponed to the end of 
the following summer). 


FouRTH SUMMER SESSION. 
Examination in Medical Juris- 
prudence and Public Health 
(if not previously taken). 


|FouRTH SUMMER AND FIFTH 
WINTER SESSION. 

Clinical Medicine. 

Clinical Surgery. 

Mental Diseases. 

Ophthalmology. 

Post-mortem Examinations. 

Fevers. 

Diseases of Children. 

Out-practice of an Hospital, 
Dispensary, &c. 

| Midwifery Cases and Practice. 

Vaccination. 

Hospital. 


FIFTH SUMMER SESSION. 
Examination in Surgery and 
Clinical Surgery, Medicine 
and Clinical Medicine, and 
Midwifery. 


590 


Minimum Curriculum for Degrees in Medicine. 


B.—for Students beginning in Summer. 


First SUMMER SESSION. 
Elementary Botany. 
Elementary Physics.? 
Examination in Elementary 

Botany and Physics. 

First WINTER SESSION. 

Chemistry, including Practical | 
Chemistry. 

Elementary Zoology. 

Anatomy (Lectures), 

LExaminationin Chemistry, in- 


cluding Practical Chemistry 


and Elementary Zoology. 

SECOND SUMMER SESSION. 
Practical Anatomy. 

Practical Physiology. 

SECOND WINTER SESSION. 
Physiology. 

Surgery. 

Practical Anatomy. 

THIRD SUMMER SESSION. 
Practical Anatomy. 

Practical Materia Medica. 

Clinical Surgery (with Dresser- | 
ship). 

Hospital. 

THIRD WINTER SESSION. 
Practical Anatomy. 

Materia Medica. 

Clinical Surgery (with Dresser-| 
ship). 

Hospital. 

Examination i  Anatony, 
Pihystology,and MateriaMed- 
wa and Therapeutics (the 
last may be postponed to 
the end of the following 
summer). 

FouRTH SUMMER SESSION. 
Practical Pathology. 
Medical Jurisprudence 

Public Health. 


and 


1 Three months’ course. 


| Clinical Medicine. 
Hospital. 
Examination in Materia Med- 
zca and Therapeutics (if not 
previously taken). 


-FouRTH WINTER SESSION. 


Pathology. 

Medicine. 

Midwifery and Diseases οἵ 
Women and Children. 

Clinical Medicine (with Clerk- 
ship). 

Hospital. 

Examinationin Pathology, and 
Medical Jurisprudence and 
Public Health (the latter may 
be postponed to the end of 
the following summer). 


| FIFTH SUMMER SESSION. 

| Examination in Medical Juris- 

| prudence and Public Health 
(if not previously taken). 


|FreTH SUMMER AND FIFTH WIN- 
TER SESSION. 
| Clinical Medicine. 
| Clinical Surgery. 
Mental Diseases. 
Ophthalmology. 
Post-mortem Examinations. 
Fevers. 
Diseases of Children. 
Out-Practice of an Hospital, 
Dispensary, &c. 
Midwifery Cases and Practice. 
Vaccination, 
Hospital. 
| Examination in Surgery and 
Clinical Surgery, Medicine 
and Clinical Medicine, and 
Midwifery. 


Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 551 


Courses of Hectures, Ke, 


1896-1897. 


I, BOTANY, 
PROFESSOR BALFOUR, 
Winter Session, 1896. 


LECTURES.—A three months’ course of Advanced Lectures 
and an Advanced Course in Practical Botany will be given in 
the Winter Session. 


Summer Session, 1897. 

1. LECTURES.—The course is a general one—Morphological, 
Physiological, and Taxonomic. Lectures are given every 
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday. In 
addition, lectures on special parts of the subject are given at 
intervals during the Session. 

2. PRACTICAL CLass.—In this class opportunity is given for 
the examination of microscopic structure of plants, and for the 
study of life-histories of plants illustrating the lectures. It is 
conducted by the Professor and Assistants. 

3. EXCURSIONS. — Excursions are made on Saturdays for 
the practical study of plants in the fields. 

The Royal Botanic Garden, with the Botanical Museum and 
Herbarium, are open daily for the examination of living as well 
as preserved specimens of plants. 


Il. NATURAL HISTORY. 
PROFESSOR EWART. 


1. LECTURES ON ZOOLOGY.— Winter Sesston.—The first part 
of the course will treat of the Principles of Biology as illus- 
trated by the Life-History, Morphology, and Physiology of one 
of the Vertebrata. The Distinctive Characters of the Chordata, 


552 Courses tn Faculty of Medicine. 


and the structure, habits, &c., of a series of vertebrate types 
will next be considered. The rest of the course will be chiefly 
devoted to: (1.) Leading types of Invertebrates ; (2.) Structure 
and life-history of the more important animal parasites ; and 
(3.) Elements of Embryology, Classification, and Geographical 
Distribution of Animals. 

Summer Session.—An Elementary Course, qualifying for the 
First Professional and the First B.Sc. Examinations, and 270 
tanto for graduation in Arts, will be given by Dr Beard, Univer- 
sity Lecturer on Comparative Embryology, during the Summer 
Session 1897. 

2. ELEMENTARY PRACTICAL ZOOLOGY.—Winter and Sum- 
mer Sessions.—In these Classes Students have the opportunity 
of studying practically the more important types described in 
the Lectures, amongst others :—Ameeba, Paramoecium, Hydra, 
Hirudo, Arenicola, Helix, Astacus, Raia, Rana, Columba, and 
Lepus. 

3. ADVANCED CouURSES.—These Courses are intended to 
assist students preparing for the Degree of B.Sc. in Zoology. 

(1.) The Intermediate Course will be held during the Summer 
Session, and will be devoted to the Systematic Zoology of the 
Invertebrata. This class is prescribed for the Second B.Sc. 
Examination in Zoology and Comparative Anatomy. 

(2.) During the Summer Session an Advanced Course of 
Lectures and Laboratory work will be given on the Compara- 
tive Morphology of the Invertebrata. 

(3.) During the first half of the Winter Session an Advanced 
Course of Lectures and Laboratory work will be given by Dr 
Beard, University Lecturer on Vertebrate Zoology, on the 
Comparative Morphology of the Vertebrata. (See Faculty of 
Science). 

The Laboratory work will extend over the first half of the 
Winter Session and the Summer Session. 

RESEARCH WORK.—The Laboratories are also available 
during both Sessions for research. Students desiring to be 
admitted should apply to the Professor. No Laboratory fees 
will be charged. 


Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 553 


COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY. 
VERTEBRATE MORPHOLOGY. 


J. BEARD, D.SC. 
For Synopses, see under Faculty of Science. 


{|| (CHEMISTRY. 


PROFESSOR CRUM BROWN. 

1. LECTURES—In the Lectures the general laws of chemical 
action are explained and illustrated. 

The chief non-metallic elements and their more important com- 
pounds are discussed in detail. The metals and the different 
series of metallic salts are considered more generally, details 
being given in the case of the more important substances. 

The principles upon which the classification of organic sub- 
stances is based are explained, and the properties of the chief 
groups illustrated by means of examples. 

Tutorial Classes, once a week, are conducted by Dr Dobbin. 

A course of 50 lectures on Organic Chemistry is delivered in 
Summer. 

A Class for Advanced Students is held in Winter. The 
subject for the Winter of 1896-97 will be Relation of Physical 
Properties to Chemical Composition and Constitution. 

2. LABORATORY.—In the Laboratory, Students who can 
devote several hours each day to work, are taught Chemical 
Analysis (including Mineral Analysis, Organic Analysis, and 
Gas Analysis), the preparation of chemical substances, and the 
examination and determination of their properties. Students 
who are sufficiently advanced in such practical work may 
engage in the investigation of chemical problems under the 
superintendence of the Professor and the chief assistant. 

3. PRACTICAL CLASSES.—The work of these classes consists 
in the study of the reactions of the commoner Salts. 

Class-ook.— Notes on Reactions of Salts (Thin). 

Students who have worked at least three months in the 
Laboratory need not attend the class of Practical Chemistry 
before appearing for the First Professional Examination in 


554 Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 


Medicine, or the First B.Sc. Examination, or for Examination 
in Chemistry for M.A. 

LV PEERY SUES: 

PROFESSOR TAIT. 


CARGILL G. KNOTT, D.Sc., Lecturer. 

The subjects embraced in the Course of Physics are :— 

I. Properties of Matter—including Inertia, Gravitation, Mole- 
cular Forces, ἄς, 

2. Abstract Dynamics—including Kinematics and Newton’s 
Laws of Motion, with their consequences as regards Statics 
and Kinetics of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Bodies, with the 
Physical Measurement of Time. 

3. Sound, and Wave-propagation in general, Intensity, Pitch, 
and Quality of Musical Sounds, Harmonics, Concords, &c. 

4. Heat, its Nature, Effects, Measurement, Transference, 
and Transformations—Measurement of Temperature and of 
Absolute Temperature ; Thermo-dynamics. 

5. Light (1) Geometrical Optics, Speed of Light, Laws of 
Reflection and Refraction ; Construction and Effects of Mirrors, 
Prisms, Lenses, and Microscopes; Images, Conditions of 
Distinct Vision; (2) Physical Optics, Interference, Disper- 
sion, Diffraction, Double Refraction, Polarization, Spectrum 
Analysis. 

6. Electricity, including Frictional and Voltaic Electricity, 
Thermo- and Magneto- Electricity, Electro-Dynamics, and 
Magnetism, with their practical applications. Measurements 
of Potential, Electromotive Force, Current, &c., Batteries, 
Dynamos, Electrometers, Galvanometers, Voltameters, &c. 


V. ANATOMY. 


PROFESSOR SIR WILLIAM TURNER. 
Winter Courses. 

1. LECTURES ON ANATOMY, at I F.M.—It is intended in this 
Course to bring before the Student, in a systematic manner, 
the structure of the Human Body. The different systems and 
organs will be described, both in the more obvious arrange- 
ments and relations of parts which can be examined by the 


Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 555 


naked eye, and in their more minute or microscopic structure. 
The Course includes, therefore, both Textural or General 
Anatomy and Descriptive Anatomy. The Lectures are illus- 
trated by recent dissections, by wet and dry preparations, by a 
large collection of Osteological specimens, and by drawings and 
diagrams. Structures too minute to be recognised by the naked 
eye are demonstrated under the Microscope. 

To assist the Junior Members of the Lecture Class to acquire 
a knowledge of Osteology, Tutorial Demonstrations on the bones 
will be given during the earlier months of the Session without 
additional fee. All the members of this class have access to a 
systematically arranged series of osteological specimens and of 
models. Written Examinations for both Junior and Senior 
Students are held periodically during the Session. 

Text-Books.—Gray’s “ Anatomy,” or Wilson’s ‘‘ Anatomy.” 
Quain’s “ Eiements of Anatomy,” Holden’s “ Osteology.” 

2. PRACTICAL ANATOMY, under the superintendence of the 
Professor, aided by the Demonstrators, David Hepburn, M.D., 
(ΠΕ: Leoman, M.B..C.M.; E.H. Fraser, M.B., C.M.; 
R. C. Dun, M.B., C.M.; and by several other assistants. 
Examinations of both Junior and Senior Students on dissected 
parts are conducted by the Demonstrators and the Professor. 
Special tutorial Demonstrations will be given to Senior Students 
on the joints, brain, organs of special sense, and other viscera. 

This Course will commence on Thursday, Ist October. The 
Dissecting-rooms are open from 9 A.M. to 5 P.M., and on 
Saturdays from 9 A.M. to noon. The Mackenzie Bursaries are 
awarded to members of this Class for proficiency in dissection. 

Text-Books.—“ Demonstrations of Anatomy,” by Ellis, or 
Heath’s “ Practical Anatomy,” or 'Holden’s “ Manual of the 
Dissection of the Human Body,” or Cunningham’s “ Manual 
of Practical Anatomy.” 

ANATOMICAL DEMONSTRATIONS (REGIONAL ANATOMY). 

DAVID HEPBURN, M.D., Lecturer. 

In this Course, which is conducted in the Theatre, the 
structure of the human body is displayed and demonstrated 
topographically, from the surface inwards. 


556 Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 


Summer Courses. 
PRACTICAL ANATOMY. 
PROFESSOR SIR WILLIAM TURNER. 


This Course, beginning on 4th May, is the same as in Winter. 
The Rooms are open from 9 A.M. to § P.M.; on Saturdays from 
g A.M. to noon. Examinations are conducted on dissected parts 
by the Professor and by the Demonstrators, David Hepburn, 
M.D., ‘C.M.; J. B.. Yeoman, M-B., ΕΝ ΕΞ Ei iirase rm ΙΠΕΙ 
C.M.; R. C. Dun, M.B., C.M.; and other assistants, and the 
joints, brain, and organs of sense will be specially demonstrated. 


ANATOMICAL DEMONSTRATIONS (REGIONAL ANATOMY). 
DAVID HEPBURN, M.D., Lecturer. 


This Course, open without additional Fee to those engaged 
in Practical Anatomy in the Summer, will consist of demonstra- 
tions on some special departments of Anatomy. 


VI. PHYSIOLOGY. 
PROFESSOR RUTHERFORD. 


Course of at least 100 Lectures, held in Winter :— 

1. The Structure, Composition, and Functions of the Ele- 
mentary Tissues of the Body. 

2. The Nutrition of the Body, including Circulation, Respira- 
tion, Alimentation, Nutrition of the Tissues, Excretion, together 
with the minute structure of the organs concerned. 

3. Animal Heat. 

4. Voice and Speech. 

5. The minute structure and physiology of the Sense organs 
and the special physiology of the Nervous System. 

6. Reproduction and Development. 

There is a printed Syllabus with short notes of the Lectures. 


PRACTICAL PHYSIOLOGY. 


This Course is divided into three sections— 
1. Practical Histology, in which every Student prepares, 
examines, and preserves for himself most of the tissues and 


Courses tn Faculty of Medicine. 557 


organs of the body. Each student is provided with a microscope, 
and all reagents. 

2. Practical Chemical Physiology, in which every student 
performs the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the Urine 
in its normal and abnormal conditions, with special reference 
to clinical work, and such practical work at the Chemistry 
of Proteids and Carbohydrates, Blood, Milk, Bile, and Diges- 
tion, as is possible in a class. There is a printed Syllabus with 
short notes of this section of the Course. 

The above sections of the class are held both in Winter and 
in Summer. The class meets sixty times. 

3. Demonstrations of Physiological Instruments.—This sec- 
tion of the class is held only in Winter, and is open to all who 
have attended the other sections of the course. 


ADVANCED PRACTICAL PHYSIOLOGY. 
See Synopsis under Faculty of Science. 
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESEARCH. 


The Physiological Laboratory is open daily for the prosecu- 
tion of Research. Application must be made to the Professor. 


ΤΑ MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS. 


PROFESSOR THOMAS R. FRASER. 


Materia Medica comprises the subjects of pharmacognosy, 
pharmacy, pharmacology, and therapeutics, diet, remedial uses 
of electricity and galvanism, heat and cold, climate, &c. In- 
struction in Materia Medica is given in (A) a course of 100 
Lectures during the Winter Session, and in (B) Practical 
Classes during the Summer Session, and of equivalent duration 
during the Winter Session. 

A.—LECTURES ON MATERIA MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS. 
—This course includes the natural history, sensible and 
chemical properties, physiological action (or pharmacology), 
therapeutical uses, and modes of administering remedies, ordi- 
narily so called. Such remedies consist of (a) inorganic sub- 
stances ; (6) chemical products ; (c) vegetable substances ; (d) 


558 Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 


animal substances. Although formerly comprised in the course 
of instruction in Materia Medica, the remedial uses of Diet, 
Electricity, Climate, &c., cannot now be taught with any advan- 
tage in this course, as, under the New Medical Ordinance, the 
study of Materia Medica and Therapeutics is required to be 
completed before the student has entered upon the study of 
diseases. 

B.—PRACTICAL CLASSES.—Pyvactical instruction is given in 
the following subjects, which cannot satisfactorily be taught in 
lectures :—1. Pharmacy, or the processes for obtaining the 
pharmaceutical preparations of drugs. 2. Prescription-writing. 
3. Dispensing, or the making up of medicines in forms suit- 
able for administration in disease. 

It is recommended that the Practical Class be attended before 
the lectures on Materia Medica and Therapeutics. Practical 
classes are taught in the Summer Session daily, at such hours 
as are found most convenient. A winter class will also be 
formed in October. 


RESEARCH LABORATORIES. 


The above laboratories will be open daily for research on the 
pharmacological action and chemical composition of medicinal 
substances, under the superintendence of the Professor and his 
assistants. Application to be made to the Professor. 


EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY. 
W. B. SILLAR, M.B., C.M., B.Sc., Lecturer. 

The Class meets for two hours twice weekly, beginning on 
5th January. 

The Course consists of Practical Work in the Laboratory, 
comprising—1. The Experimental Methods employed in Phar- 
macological Research. 2. The Experimental Study of the 
Pharmacological (or Physiological) Action of Medicinal Sub- 
stances. 

The Course is adapted for Students who desire a Practical 
knowledge of Pharmacology, and for the training of Students 
and Graduates for Pharmacological Research. 


Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 559 


VIII. PATHOLOGY AND MORBID ANATOMY. 
PROFESSOR GREENFIELD. 


This Course includes General Pathology, General Patho- 
logical Anatomy and Histology, and Systematic Morbid 
Anatomy :— 

I. General Pathology (including General Pathological Ana- 
tomy), z.¢., the study of the processes of disease, ἅς. Under this 
head are considered Degenerative Processes, Inflammation, 
Repair, Morbid Growths, &c. 

2. General Etiology is treated in fuller detail with reference 
to Parasitic and Infective Diseases, and includes Bacteriology 
and methods of bacteriological research. 

3. Systematic Morbid Anatomy and Histology—a study of 
the more important diseases of the principal systems and organs 
of the body. 

In illustration of the lectures, there are frequent naked eye, 
microscopic, and lantern demonstrations. 


PRACTICAL PATHOLOGY. 

Classes for Practical Instruction in MorBip ANATOMY and 
PATHOLOGICAL HISTOLOGY are conducted in the Pathological 
Laboratory—imicroscopes and other necessary apparatus being 
supplied. The Course consists of—ist. Naked Eye Demon- 
strations; 2nd. Histological investigation and preparation of 
Morbid Structures and Organs ; 3rd. Elementary Bacteriology. 

In Winter the class meets five times a week, from the begin- 
ning of the Session till the end of January ; in Summer, five 
times a week, from the beginning of May till the end of July. 

The Laboratory is also open daily from Io A.M. till 4 P.M. for 
Pathological Research, under the Professor and his Assistants. 


PATHOLOGICAL BACTERIOLOGY. 


ROBERT MUIR, M.D., Lecturer. 

The Course is a practical one, consisting of Laboratory In- 
struction, Demonstrations, and Lectures :—(a) General.—Mor- 
phology and Life History of Micro-organisms ; Preparation of 
Culture Media ; Methods of Isolation and Cultivation, including 


560 Courses tn Faculty of Medicine. 


Anaerobic Cultures; Methods of Staining ; Separation of 
Bacterial Products ; Inoculation, &c. 

(b) Special—A Systematic Study of Organisms Pathogenic 
to the Human Subject—their characters, their modes of pro- 
ducing disease, &c. A number of the more important non- 
pathogenic organisms are also studied. 

The Course is given in Winter, but may also be given in 


Summer. 
IX? PRACTICE OF ΒΗ ΘΙ 


PROFESSOR SIR THOMAS GRAINGER STEWART. 

This Course comprises— 

I. An account of the nature, and more particularly of the 
clinical characteristics, and the treatment of the different types 
of morbid action. 

II. An account of the morbid anatomy, clinical history, 
causes, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of the diseases of 
the different systems and organs. 

It is intended that each course shall be, as far as possible, 
complete ; but that, while the general principles (included in 
Part I.) shall be fully discussed each session, the diseases of 
individual systems (included in Part II.) shall be taken up in 
different order year by year, and certain systems selected for 
more minute consideration. 

The course is illustrated by specimens from the Anatomical 
Museum, and from the Professor’s private collection, as well as 
by numerous drawings, diagrams, and charts. 

TUTORIAL CLASS. 

Practical instruction in connection with the Course is given 
to the members of the Class by the Assistant. 

Text- Books. — Fagge’s, Roberts’s, Bristowe’s, Osler’s, or 
Frederick Taylor's “ Practice of Medicine.” Students are 
also advised to consult the Professor’s “Introduction to the 
Study of Nervous Diseases.” 

MENTAL DISEASES. 
THOMAS S. CLOUSTON, M.D., Lecturer. 
This course consists of— 
1. Systematic Lectures in the University during the Summer 


Courses tn Faculty of Medicine. 561 


Session on the Classification, Symptoms, Causes, and Treat- 
ment of Mental Diseases. 

2. Pathological demonstrations, naked eye, lantern, and 
microscopic, in the University and at the Royal Asylum, 
Morningside, of the Morbid Anatomy of Insanity. Students will 
have an opportunity of original investigation in the Pathological 
Museum of the Asylum, under the Pathologist of the Institution. 

3. Clinical instruction at the Royal Asylum, Morningside 
(West House), in all the forms of Mental Disease. Students 
have the opportunity of personally coming in contact with and 
examining the cases, so as to learn the modes of managing and 
dealing with patients labouring under Mental Disease, and they 
are exercised in the diagnosis of Insanity and the drawing up of 
certificates ; the aim being to enable them to recognise its early 
stages, to distinguish its varieties, to adopt suitable treatment, 
and to advise the relatives as to sending the patient to an 
asylum. ‘There is a clinical field of 500 beds, comprising all 
the wards except those for private patients. This part of the 
course extends through the Summer and the last month of the 
Winter Session. 

4. Instruction in regard to the medico-legal, hereditary, 
educational, and social relations of Mental Disease, and on its 
bearings and significance in ordinary medical practice. 

There are Free Clinical Clerkships, tenable for three months, 
in the Royal Edinburgh Asylum, and in several other Asylums, 
in connection with the class. 

Text-Book.—Dr Clouston’s “ Clinical Lectures on Mental 
Diseases.” 

Xx. SURGERY. 
PROFESSOR CHIENE. 


Winter Session. 

1. Lectures, 11 A.M. This course is devoted to a systematic 
consideration of the Principles and Practice of Surgery. Each 
course is intended to embrace, as far as possible, a complete view 
of the present aspects of the Science and Practice of Surgery. 

Written examinations are held at stated periods, and at the 

2 Ni 


562 Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 


end of the Session a practical examination is held on the work 
of the Tutorial Classes. 

2. Tutorial Instruction, at hours most convenient for the 
students, includes— 


(a.) Practical Instruction in Bandaging and the Treatment of Frac- 
tures and Dislocations on the living subject. This class is 
divided into sections for Senior and Junior Students. 

(6.) Demonstrations of Surgical Instruments and Appliances. 

(c.) Weekly Demonstrations on the Surgery of the Eye and Ear and 
on Surgical Pathology, illustrated by museum specimens. 

(4,) Weekly Revisal of the Lectures, together with Demonstrations 
of the Preparations in the Surgical Museum illustrative of the 
Lectures on Surgery. 

(e.) Lantern Demonstrations on Surgical Pathology. 


Summer Session. 

The Summer Session is devoted to the Practical Aspects of 
Surgery. Special attention is given to Surgical Anatomy and 
Operative Surgery. The class meets in April, May, and June. 
Oral examinations and tutorial instruction in the Treatment of 
Fractures and Dislocations, and in the uses of surgical instru- 
ments, form a special part of the course. Special demonstra- 
tions on Surgical Pathology. 

The Surgical Laboratory for (1) Surgical Pathology; and (2) 
Bacteriology, is open daily for original work during the Winter 
and Summer Sessions, under superintendence of the Professor, 
assisted by Harold J. Stiles, M.B. Applications to be made 
to the Professor. 

Text-Books—Wiinter Session.—The Professor’s “Lectures on 
the First Principles of Surgery.” Keen and White’s Text-Book 
of Surgery. Swmmer Session.—The Professor’s “ Lectures on 
Surgical Anatomy,” and Joseph Bell’s “ Manual of Surgical 
Operations,” 1892 ; Kocher’s Operative Surgery (translated by 
H. J. Stiles): 

XI, MIDWIFERY AND THE DISEASES OF WOMEN 
AND CHILDREN. 
PROFESSOR SIMPSON. 

The Course of Instruction comprises Lectures on— 

I. Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Organs of Repro- 
duction. 


Courses tn Faculty of Medicine. 563 


II. Physiology, Pathology, and Therapeutics of Pregnancy. 

III. Parturition—Natural (Eutocia), and Morbid (Dystocia). 

IV. Hygiene, Pathology, and Therapeutics of the Puerperal 
State. 

V. Hygiene, Pathology, and Therapeutics of Infancy and 
Childhood. 

VI. Special Pathology and Therapeutics of the Female 
Organs of Reproduction. 

One day weekly is devoted to the Gynecological Section 
of the Course; and the Diseases of Women may be studied 
clinically in the Royal Infirmary, in the Buchanan Medical Ward, 
in connection with the class of Clinical Medicine. 

Midwifery may be studied clinically in the Royal Maternity, 
of which the Professor is, ex officio, one of the Medical Officers, 
and where he attends during the first three months of the Winter 
Session. The Professor makes a special Clinica] visit with the 
Students who have taken the Maternity Ticket, on Saturdays, 
at 10 A.M.; and he or one of the Assistant Physicians gives 
Clinical Instruction on Wednesday afternoons at 4 P.M. 

After the Class-roll is made up, Tutorial classes are formed for 
Practical Instruction in the use of Obstetric and Gynecological 
Instruments and Appliances. 

Medals and Certificates of Merit are awarded for answers at 
three Written Examinations held during the Session. 

Summer Session. 

A Course of Instruction in Obstetric and Gynecological 
Operations, with Demonstrations of the use of Instruments 
and Appliances, is conducted in the Summer Session, at 10 A.M. 

On Tuesdays and Fridays the Professor gives Lectures and 
Demonstrations. On the other days the sections of the class 
are trained in the investigation and treatment of Female 
Diseases, and the members of the class have an opportunity of 
practising operations on lay figures. 

Text-Books.—Piayfair’s, Lusk’s, or Parvin’s ‘“ Midwifery.” 
The Professor’s “" Contributions to Obstetrics and Gynecology.” 
Hart and Barbour’s “ Manual of Gynecology.” 


Ballantyne’s 
“ Diseases cf Infancy.” 


564 Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 


XII. MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE, 
PROFESSOR SIR DOUGLAS MACLAGAN. 
Part 1—Medical Furisprudence. 
MEDICAL EVIDENCE GENERALLY. 
(1.) Documentary—(2.) Oral—(3.) Experimental—Examina- 
tion of the living; identity ; examination of the dead ; identity ; 
cause of death ; exhumations, autopsies. 


MEDICAL EVIDENCE SPECIALLY. 

Questions affecting Health or Life.—(1.) Assaults and Homi- 
cide—Wounds and other external injuries ; asphyxia. Starva- 
tion. Heat and cold. Poisons—(2.) Suicide—(3.) Offences 
against Chastity — Rape, &c.; concealment of pregnancy ; 
criminal abortion; infanticide—(4.) Malpraxis and Neglect 
of Duty. 

Questions affecting Civil Rights or Social States.—Marriage 
and Divorce. Impotence and sterility. Live birth. Survivor- 
ship. Insanity. Feigned diseases. 


Part I1.—Medical Police. Public Health. 


HYGIENE OF INDIVIDUALS. 

Man—Age and development. Sex. Constitution. 

External Agencies—Food and drink. Air. Clothing. Ablu- 
tions. Exercise. 

Habits and Modes of Life—Temperance. Celibacy and Mar- 
riage. Professions: learned, mechanical, criminal. Punish- 
ments. Prostitution. 

Duration and Expectancy of Life—Life Assurance. 

HYGIENE OF COMMUNITIES. 

Sanitary Administration. — Climate —- Causing disease ; 
remedying disease. 

Towns, Camps, and Private Habitations—Topographical 
position; water supply ; heating om lighting ; ventilation ; 
drainage and sewerage. 

Public Buildings.—Schools ; churches ; hospitals ; theatres ; 
prisons. 


i 


Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 565 


Cemeteries. Quarantine Establishments. Epidemics; En- 
demics. Disinfectants. 

Text-Books. — Taylor’s “Medical Jurisprudence,’ Guy’s 
“Principles of Forensic Medicine,’ Parkes’ “Practical Hy- 
giene,” Wilson’s ‘Handbook of Hygiene,” Louis Parkes’ 
“Hygiene,” Wynter Blyth’s “Manual of Public Health,” 
Whitelegge’s “ Hygiene and Public Health,” Smith’s “ Laws 
Concerning Public Health,” Vesey Fitzgerald’s “Epitome of 
the Laws affecting Health,” Newsholme’s “Vital Statistics,” 
Dykes’ and Stuart’s “ Manual of Public Health Acts.” 


Public Health Laboratory. 

The Laboratory comprises the Chemical Laboratory, the 
Bacteriological Laboratory, and a station for meteorological 
observations, and the examination of emanations from the soil 
-—all open daily during the Winter and Summer Sessions, from 
Io to 4, under superintendence of the Professor, assisted by 
Charles Hunter Stewart, D.Sc., M.B., and James Buchanan 
Mounss Nid. D:Sc. (P.H.). 

The work in these Laboratories will constitute an advanced 
course in the Methods of Hygienic investigation, and is in- 
tended for those preparing for the Degrees of Science in Public 
Health, or for the duties of Medical Officer of Health. 


A CLINICAL SURGERY. 
PROFESSOR ANNANDALE. 


The subjects of this Course are the symptoms, diagnosis, and 
treatment of Surgical diseases and injuries as met with in the 
living body, and the modifications and complications which 
occur in connection with them. Patients are brought before 
the class in the special University Clinical Theatre of the 
Infirmary, and their conditions are carefully examined and 
discussed, due regard being taken to avoid injuring their 
feelings or aggravating their disease. The history and nature 
of the case having been studied, the proper treatment is sug- 
gested and described, and carried out either then or later. 
Besides the regular lectures, operations are performed in the 


566 Courses in Faculty of Medicine. 


Clinical Theatre, practical instruction at the bedside is given 
in the wards of the Infirmary, and on two days in the week 
the cases of patients attending the out-patient department 
are specially considered by the Assistant Surgeon, Mr Alexis 
Thomson, so as to instruct the students as to the minor and 
commoner surgical affections. Practical instruction as to the 
examination of patients, the observation of symptoms, the 
treatment of surgical emergencies, the use of instruments, the 
application of dressings, and other surgical details is given by 
the Clinical Tutor (Dr J. Wheeler Dowden) attached to the 
Chair, in small classes, free to all Students attending the 
Course. 

Text-Books.—Any of the recent standard works on Surgery. 
Students are also advised to study some of the best works (old 
and new) on the special subjects of Practical Surgery. 

In connection with this class it is to be noted that under the 
New Regulations—(1.) Nine months’ attendance on Lectures 
is required, and it is advised that at least six months of this be 
continuous. (2.) That attendance at the Ward Cliniques is 
compulsory and forms part of the Course. (3.) Students must 
produce a certificate that they have acted as Dresser or Clerk 
in Surgical Wards for six months. 


AIV. CLINIGAL MEDICINE: 


PROFESSORS SIR THOMAS GRAINGER STEWART, FRASER, 
GREENFIELD, AND (FOR DISEASES OF WOMEN), SIMPSON. 


This course, consisting of Clinical Lectures and Instruction 
in the University wards of the Royal Infirmary, is conducted 
conjointly by the Clinical Professors —all being on duty both 
in the Winter and Summer Sessions, the Professor of Midwifery 
giving lectures and demonstrations on Gynecology on certain 
days. 

The Course consists of :—1. Practical Instruction on three days 
a week at the bedside. 2. Critical Expositions and Discussions 
of cases in the lecture-room on two days a week. 

Every facility is afforded to students to act as Clinical Clerks, 


Courses tn Faculty of Medicine. 567 


and those are preferred who have had a course of tutorial 
instruction. At the close of each Summer Session, six gentle- 
men, who have been members of the Class, are appointed 
Resident Physicians in the Clinical Wards for the following 
Winter and Summer Sessions. 


CLINICAL TUTORIAL CLASS. 


Practical instruction in the Methods of Physical Examination 
is given to the Class by the University Clinical Tutors. 

Junior Students are strongly advised to take this course of 
instruction along with their first course of Clinical Medicine. 


CLINICAL INSTRUCTION ON DISEASE IN CHILDREN, 


JAMES CARMICHAEL, M.D., JOHN PLAYFAIR, M.D., Lecturers. 


Two Courses, each of three months, will be conducted 
annually, one in the Winter, and one in the Summer Session. 

The instruction is given in the wards of the Royal Hospital 
for Sick Children. Special attention is directed to Hygiene, 
Diagnosis, and Treatment during the period of Infancy. 

Works of reference.—Keating’s “ Cyclopedia of the Diseases 
of Children,” Henoch or Eustace Smith on “ Disease in 
Children.” 

Text-Book.—Carmichael’s “ Manual of Disease in Children.” 


DISEASES OF THE EYE, 
GEORGE ANDREAS BERRY, M.B., Lecturer. 


The course will consist of systematic lectures, and of clinical 
instruction at the Royal Infirmary. 

As new arrangements in connection with this Course are 
still under consideration, the decision of the University Court 
will be advertised at the beginning of the Summer Session. 

Text-Books.—Berry’s “Diseases of the Eye,” Swanzy’s 
“Handbook on Diseases of the Eye,’ Nettleship on “ Dis- 
eases of the Eye,” Fuch’s “ Text-Book of Ophthalmology.” 


568 


faculty of Medicine— Class Prise Lists. 


Class Prize and Honours Lists. 
SUMMER SESSION, 1895. 
BOTANY. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. Charles Chilton, New Zealand; 2. W. 


J. Barclay, New Zealand; and J. A. Macdonald, M.A., Leith— 
equal;. 4. D. Macrae Aitken, Singapore; 5. G. He Hanna, 
Jamaica (A/edallists) ; 6. R. T. Currall, Leith; 7. R. V. Clark, 
Edinburgh ; 8. W. Wallace, England; 9. Harvey Baird, Perth ; 
Waals: Bromley, Lancaster ; Feld ele Goldsmith, Douglas, Isle of 
Man; W. G. Mason, England; F. D. Simpson, Bathgate ; and 
G. Reynolds Turner, London—equal. 


SEconb-CLass Honours.—15. L. Bruce, Brechin ; Ed. Ewart, Liber- 


ton; W. Mair, Edinburgh; and W. G. Porter, Cumbaconum— 
equal ; 19. Tasman J. G. Wilson, Tasmania; 20. 5. A. Ballantyne, 
Pettinain; C. E. Fawsitt, Glasgow ; and W. Mackay, New 
Zealand—equal ; 23. George A. Davidson, Stranraer; 24. John 
Ross, Whitburn ; ΣΉ Ἢ ‘Dalgleish Anderson, Moffat; 26. A. 
Preston, Yorkshire ; and R. G. Thomson, Buckhaven—equal ; 28. 
H. E. Gibbs, New Zealand ; and C. ἘΣ Southon, N.-W. Provinces 
—equal; 30. B. H. Stanley Aylward, Vorkshire ; Y. Fukuda, 
Japan; H. J. M‘Lean, Timain; and RK. B. Turnbull, Ross-shire 
—equal; 34. Gavin Grey, Edinburgh, and F. Young, M.A., 
Kirkcaldy—equal; 36. A. J. Baird, Port-G ᾿ΑβῈ ΣΝ: J. D. Fergus- 


son, England; P. Ἢ Hardie, E dinburgh ; RS Jardim, British 
Guiana; C. B. M‘Conaghy, India; H. ΝΜ, ene Scotland ; 
and R. Sproule, Ireland—equal ; "43. P. W. Hampton, Ramsey, 


Isle of see and J. G. Jack, Bae bok See 45. J. Anderson, 
Scotland ; C. Fraser, Inverness; and I. K. Heron, Brechin— 
equal ; 48. L. Laurie, Worcester ; and A. Whyte, Easdale—equal ; 
50. R. πὴ Fasson, Edinburgh ; J. A. Gray, Ajmere; C. ἘΣ Legat, 
Musselburgh ; E. A. Nobbs, Edinburgh; J. O. Peet, England ; 
and E. M‘K. Young, Kinross—equal; 56. A. A. Martin, New 
Zealand ; and Wm. Reid, Montrose—equal; 58. J. A. Balck, 
Rostock ; 59. J. B. Cassels, India; J. Jamieson, Edinburgh; T. 
A. Mackenzie, Edinburgh; and J. M. A. Macmillan, Edinburgh 
—equal. 
PRACTICAL BOTANY. 
Cuass A. 


First-Ciass Honours.—1. William Wallace, England; 2. Edward 


Ewart, Liberton;and Yoshinobu Fukuda, Japan—equal (AZedaliists); 
4. G. H. Hanna, Jamaica ; and E. J. Peill, Madagascar—equal ; 
6. D. Macrae Aitken, Singapore; 7. J. Dalgleish Anderson, 
Moffat; and A. M. Holmes, England—equal; 9. ὟΝ, Mair, 
Edinburgh, 


faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 569 


SECOND-CLAss Honours.—10. T. H. W. Alexander, Perth; J. M. 
Benson, Sheffield ; P. P. Ganteaume, Trinidad ; T. A. Mackenzie, 
Edinburgh ; and A. W. Nankervis, Australia—equal ; 15. R. R. 
Fasson, Edinburgh ; C. E. Fawsitt, Glasgow ; ἃ. Mackie, Mon- 
trose; and A. E. M‘K. Young, Kinross—equal; 19. W. E. 
Mason, England; 20. P. C. Campariole, Trinidad; R. T. 
Currall, Leith ; S. A. Ballantyne, Pettinain; E. A. Loch, India; 
and B. K. Goldsmith, Douglas, Isle of Man—equal; 25. D. B. 
Merry, Edinburgh. 


CLAss ἘΣ 


First-CLtass Honours.—1. Charles Chilton, New Zealand; 2. P. 
W. Hampton, Ramsey, Isle of Man (A/edallists); 3. G. Reynolds 
Turner, London ; 4. 1). C. L. Fitzwilliams, Wales ; and G. Porter, 
Cumbaconum—equal ; 6. J. Drummond Fergusson, England ; 7. 
Wm. M‘Kay, New Zealand, and D. W. Smith, London—equal. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—g. W. J. Barclay, New Zealand; H. A. 
H. Gilmer, New Zealand; Charles E. Legat, Musselburgh ; and 
H. M. Mackenzie, Scotland—equal ; 13. Launcelot Bruce, Brechin ; 
and P. A. Maclagan, Edinburgh—equal ; 15. F. D. Simpson, 
Bathgate ; W. R. E. Williams, Wales ; and Tasman J. G. Wilson, 
Tasmania—equal ; 18. W. C. Macdonald, Dunedin; John Ross, 
Whitburn ; and R. A. Ross, South Africa—equal; 21. J. B. 
Cassels, India; Gavin Grey, Edinburgh; and Arthur Preston, 
Yorkshire—equal. 


FOR MICROSCOPICAL PREPARATIONS MADE DURING THE SESSION. 


First-Ciass Honours.—1. Charles Chilton, New Zealand; and G. 
Reynolds Turner, London—equal ; 3. William Mair, Edinburgh 
(Prizes); 4. G. H. Hanna, Jamaica; 5. William Brown, Scot- 
land; R. V. Clark, Edinburgh ; and Arthur Preston, Yorkshire 

equal. 

SECOND-CLAss Honours.—8. J. M. L. Brown, Airdrie; J. Wishart 
Kerr, Culross; T. C.-Lauder, Ireland; and William Wallace, 
England—equal; 9. C. E. Legat, Musselburgh; 10. T. C., 
Mackenzie, China ; 11. E, A. Nobbs, Edinburgh. 


FOR DRAWINGS ILLUSTRATING WORK DONE DURING THE SESSION. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. William Wallace, England; 2. A. B. 
Flett, Edinburgh (Pr7zes); 3. Charles P. Ball, Yorkshire; and 
G. A. Lowther, Jubbulpore—equal. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—5. T. C. Lauder, Ireland; 6. G. H. 
Hanna, Jamaica. 


FOR HERBARIUM OF BRITISH PLANTS. 


Robert Main, Monymusk (Go/d Meda/). 
ISAAC BAYLEY BALFOUR, M.D., D.Sc., Professor. 


570 Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 


ZOOLOGY. 

First-CLAss Honours.—1. John Jeffrey and Arthur Preston—equal 
(Medallists); 3. Frank Young, M.A.; 4. John G. Jack; 5. 
Edward Ewart; 6. T. J. G. Wilson. 

SECOND-CLASs Honours.—7. S. Mallanah; ὃ. H. J. M‘Lean; 9. 
T. N. Annandale; 10, L. Lawrie, A. W. Nankervis, and W. G. 
Porter—equal ; 13. H. E. Gibbs and B. K. Nariman—equal ; 15. 
John Jamieson and C, E. Legat—equal; 17. John ene ΕΠ 
H. Gilmer, E. A. epee and T. S. A. Orr—equal; 21. W. G. 
Mason and J. M. A. Macmillan—equal. 

J. BEARD, D.Sc., Lecturer. 


PRACTICAL ZOOLOGY, 


First-CLass Honours.—1. W. J. D. Bromley (J7/edal); 2. A. 
Preston ; 3. G. G. Cumming and H. J. M‘ Lean—equal ; 5. ἘΠ 
Ewart and A. W. Nankervis-—equal. | 

SECOND-CLAss Honours.—7. E. T. Melhuish; 8. Frank Young, | 
M.A.; 9. A. J. Baird; τὸ, G. Grey; 11. T.-C. Pritchard and 
ela Ge Wilson—equal ; 13. J. D. Anderson and B. K. Nariman 
—equal. 


J. C. EWART, M.D., Professor. 


PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. John Jeffrey, Jedburgh (77εαα 5) ; 2 
B. J. Courtney, Altrincham ; 3. W. J. Jones, Wrexham ; and J. 
Thornhill, Cork—equal; 5. L. O. Critchley, Inverness; 6. John 
F. Cameron, Perthshire; 7. John M. Macdonald, Edinburgh.  , 

SECOND-CLAss Ilonours.—8. Andrew C. Brown, Cheshire ; 9. Peter 
Petes Edinburgh ; 10. E. M. Horsburgh, Edinburgh ; 11 
WG: Mason, Birmingham ; 12. J. W. Falconer, Edinburgh ; and 
William Purves, Caithness—equal ; 14. A. Cartner, Queensland ; 
15. S. Mallanah, India; 16. A. J. Spiganovicz, Odessa; 17. J. 
E. Ratcliffe, Accrington ; 18. J. A. Macdonald, Inverness. 

ALEX. CRUM BROWN, M.D., Professor. 


PHYSICS. 


First-CLiass Honours.—1. W. J. D. Bromley; and 2. W. Maxwell 
(Afedallists); 3. G. Mackie; 4. W. J. Barclay; 5. H. M. Mac- 
kenzie; 6. D. H. MacGregor; 7. R. Haren and W. Park— 
equal; 9. J. Jeffrey and R. A. Ross—equal ; H. C. Duncan, 
I. Kk. Hermon, G. Maclennan, and C. E. ‘Souther 15. 
R. R. Fasson, W. H. Fraser, T. A. Mackenzie, and T. R. 
Robertson—equal ; 19. G. S. Carey, R. D. Hudson, and R. G. 
Thomson—equal. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—22. W. Kirkwood, A. S. M. Peebles, R. 
B. Turnbull, and E. M. Young—equal ; 26. A. C. Neethling, R 
N. Pringle, W. Purves, C. A. Souter, and W. Wallace—equal ; 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 51 


31. T. H. W. Alexander, H. E. Gibbs, and G. H. Hanna— 
equal; 34. G. P. Maitland, E. J. Peill, and A. Whyte—equal ; 
37. H. Baird, Y. Fukuda, F. D. Simpson, and H. O. Smith— 
equal; 41. B. H. S. Aylward, W. T. James, H. Mason, and W. 
Paterson—equal ; 44. J. M. Buist and R. F. Jardim—equal. 

P. G. TAIT, M.A., Professor. 


PRACTICAL ANATOMY. 
SENIOR STUDENTS. 


Frrst-Ciass Honours.—1. A. C. M‘Gilchrist, M.A., Islay; and A. 
C. Sandstein, New Zealand (AZedal/ists)—equal ; 3. ΝΥ. W. Wood, 
Edinburgh; 4. Arthur Scott, Australia; 5. A. L. Anderson, 
Wellington, N.Z.; 6. Matthew Corry, Co. Donegal ; Robert 
Gellatly, Manchester; and ἃ. H. List, India—equal; 9. J. M. 
Cuthbert, Edinburgh ; W. H. Fowler, Edinburgh ; M. A. Ghany, 
Hyderabad ; F. F, Kerr, Canada; and R. F. M‘Nair Scott, B.A., 
Singapore —equal ; 14. D. J. Pearson, Australia; 15. Ὁ. V. M. 
Adams, Lanark; E, F. M. Neave, Dundee; and J. H. Patterson, 
Tasmania—equal ; 18. Harold Nuttall, Bradford; 19. Cecil H. 
Elmes, Gibraltar; 20. H. L. S. D. Belasco, British Guiana ; and 
W. H. Dickinson, England—equal ; 22. W. A. Gemmel, British 
Guiana; and F. S. Harper, Hawkhurst — equal; 24. Robert 
Gibson, Wigtonshire ; 25. G. E. J. King, Cheltenham. 

SECOND-CLAss Honours.—1. J. E. Dods, London; 2. R. W. Mac- 
kenna, Dumfries; 3. W. J. Veecock, British Guiana; 4. R. V. 
Cowey, South Africa ; 5. Andrew Gilmour, Edinburgh; and A. 
M. Little, Annan—equal; 7. Stewart Faed, Edinburgh ; and H. 
R. Phillips, London—equal ; 9. G. M. Pratt, India. 


JUNIOR STUDENTS. 


First-Ciass Honours.—1. Charles Forsyth, Glasgow ; A. T. Gaille- 
ton, Perth; H. T. Holland, Durham; and Henry Wade, Falkirk 
(Medallists)—equal ; 5. Alex. Fordyce, Fauldhouse ; G. G. Hay, 
Abernethy ; James Husband, Edinburgh; and L. M. Wedderburn, 
Forfarshire—equal; 9. A. Dingwall Fordyce, Edinburgh; A. 
M‘W. Green, Skye; D. J. Hughes, Wales; and J. -M.. Reid, 
Edinburgh—equal ; 13. Y. A. Djedjizian, Asia Minor; 1). B. 
King, Fifeshire; G. D. Laing and Bernard E. Myers, New 
Zealand—equal ; 17. W. N. Barker, Cupar-Fife ; George Haddow, 
Scotland; and Greeme Hamilton, Ashton-under-Lyne—equal ; 20. 
J. A. Balck, Rostock, Germany ; Robert Cameron, Crieff; F. C. 

Matthew, Corstorphine; and W. J. Stuart, Edinburgh—equal ; 

24. J. R. Anderson, Orkney; D. V. M‘Intyre, Arbroath ; Ὁ. A. 

MacVean, Edinburgh ; and Alfred Shearer, Orkney—equal ; 28. 

B. K. Goldsmith, Isle of Man; 29. L. D. H. Baugh, Jamaica ; 

and Robert Cumming, Montrose — equal; 31. H. G. Carlisle, 


57 


Faculty of Medicine—Ctlass Prize Lists. 


Liverpool; W. P. Meldrum, Mauritius; and T. S. Shepherd, 
Wigan—equal ; 34. B. J. Courtney, Altrincham ; and G. B. Pem- 
berton, Dublin— equal; 36. Thomas Livingstone, Stanhope ; 
Peterswald Pattison, Edinburgh ; J. A. Raeburn, Dollar; and A. 
B. Slater, Leeds—equal ; 40. F. de L. Myers, Jamaica; 41. A. 
G. Hamilton Chester ; and E. C. Maddock, Toronto. 


SECOND-CLass Honours.—43. James Monroe, Scotland. 


WM. TURNER, Kt., M.B., D.C.L., Professor. 
PRACTICAL PHYSIOLOGY. 


First-CLtass Honours.—1. W. M. Paul, M.A., Dollar; 2. J. H. 


Rhodes, Kendal; and A. H. Wood, Fife—equal ; 4. W. N. Barker, 
Cupar-Fife (Medallists); 5. J. Luckhoff, Cape Colony; 6. J. 
Pender, Lockerbie ; and A. C. Sandstein, New Zealand—equal ; 
8. D. E. Dickson, Blairgowrie; G. G. Hay, Abernethy; and T. 
Livingstone, Stanhope—equa!; 11. J. Cameron, Laurencekirk ; 
12. ὦ. King, British Guiana; 13. R. N. Brebner, Canada; D. 
A. Callender, Edinburgh ; H. G. Carlisle, Liverpool; and A. 
Mouat, Haddington—equal; 17. G. Dick, Wick; and W. P. 
Meldrum, Mauritius—equal ; 19. J. Husband, Edinburgh ; and R. 
Selby, Kirkcowan—equal ; 21. J. D. Comrie, Aberdeenshire ; 22. 
W. J. Stuart, M.A., Edinburgh ; 23. E. F. Bashford, Cheshire ; 
and Y. A. Djedjizian, Adabazar—equal; 25. M. Mackelvie, 
Campbeltown ; 26. C. A. B. Horsford, West Indies. 


SEconD-CLass Honours.—27. E. A. Brown, Cape Colony; W. J. 


Jones, Wrexham ; J. W. Mackenzie, Inverness ; W. Park, Orkney ; 
R. Ritchie, Edinburgh ; and T. S. Shepherd, Wigan—equal ; 33. 
R. Bruce, Edinburgh ; and A. Shearer, Orkney—equal; 35. A. 
M‘W. Green, Skye; J. G. Mitchell, Sutherlandshire ; and ΟΣ; ΕΠ 
J. Watson, Cape Colony—equal ; 38. J. M. Reid, Edinburgh; 39. 
J. C. Carr, Carlisle ; B.S. Hyslop, Leven; and A. C. Kirkpatrick, 
Ballycastle, Co. Antrim—equal ; 42. G. H. J. Brown, India ; G. 
R. Laing, Leith; and P. L. M‘All, Leeds—equal; 45. J. M. 
Bowie, Edinburgh; R. Cameron, Crieff; W. E. Hutchison, 
India; J. C. M‘Conaghy, India; P. E. Millard, Nottinghamshire ; 
T. B. H. Scott, Belfast; and W. Smith, Liverpool—equal; 52. 
J. L. Forbes, Leith; 53. A. A. Gunn, Strathpeffer; G. E. J. 
King, Cheltenham; J. Masson, M.A., Edinburgh; and A. B. 
Shed, Berwickshire—equal ; 57. A. H. Griffith, Worcester; G. 
D. Laing, Northumberland; H. M‘Calman, East Tarbert; H. 
Macfarlane, Kilmarnock ; J. Macgregor, Crieff ; and D. Wardrop, 
Greenock—equal ; 63. C. M. Pearson, Edinburgh; R. C. Verley, 
Jamaica ; and L. Wedderburn, Forfar—equal ; 66. B. J. Courtney, 
Altrincham ; G. Hamilton, Ashton-under-Lyne ; W. M. Mackay, 
Durham; and G. A. Rorie, Dundee—equal ; 70. E. M‘Culloch, 
Edinburgh ; 71. E. H. Brunt, Staffordshire; and C. Forsyth, 
Glasgow—equal ; 73. A. B. George, Airdrie; R. King, Edin- 


Os 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 57 


burgh ; W. Lockerbie, Edinburgh ; G. A. Mackay, Durham; B. 
C. Myers, New Zealand ; F. Porter, Scotland; and A. K. Traill, 
India—equal; 80. R. M. Dalziel, India; P. H. Macdonald, 
Leith; and J. A. C. Smith, St Nicholas—equal; 83. J. M. 
Campbell, Montrose ; J. M. Macdonald, Edinburgh; and G. Ὁ. 
M‘Leavy, Co. Down—equal; 86. W. Craig, Kelso; A. G. 
Hamilton, Chester; H. C. Keun, Singapore; T. P. Oates, Cape 
Colony; and W. E. Tellet, Bridge-of-Allan—equal; 91. W. 
Darling, Edinburgh; and J. Leggate, Holytown—equal ; 93. T. 
B. Gornall, Preston; ἃ. Haddow, Scotland; and D. B. King, 
Fifeshire—equal ; 96. J. Hunter, Dumfriesshire ; 97. G. de Labat, 
Cape Colony; and C. S. Vartan, Nazareth—equal; 99. A. E. 
Goldie, Jamaica; W. W. Thom, Blairgowrie; and J. A. Thomp- 
son, Wigtownshire—equal ; 102. J. Orr, Hawick; 103. M. L. 
Dhingra, India; A. Dods, Dalkeith; M. A. Ghany, India; W. 
D. S. Harrison, Banton; W. R. Macdonald, Edinburgh ; and 
H. Wade—equal. 
W. RUTHERFORD, M.D., Professor. 


PRACTICAL MATERIA MEDICA. 


FirsT-CLass Honours.—1. Robert F. M‘Nair Scott, B.A., Singa- 
pore; 2. Gerrit de Labat, Cape Colony ; 3. George Lyon, Argyll- 
shire (AZedallists) ; 4. David Elliot Dickson, Blairgowrie. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—5. Alfred T. Gailleton, Perth ; Andrew 
Gilmour, Edinburgh; and James M. Reid, Edinburgh—equal ; 
8. John D. Comrie, Scotland ; Archibald C. M‘Gilchrist, M.A., 
Islay ; and Ernest C. Peake, Madagascar—equal; 11. Balfour S. 
Hyslop, Leven ; and Thomas J. T. M‘Hattie—equal ; 13. Ernest 
F. Bashford, Cheshire; Robert Cameron, Crieff; and George 
Dick, Wick—equal; 16. William N. Barker, Cupar-Fife ; and 
John W. Struthers, Edinburgh—equal ; 18. Stanley Branch, West 
Indies ; 19. William Moncrieff Paul, M.A., Dollar; and Robert 
J. Dick, Dunbar—equal ; 21. George H. W. Robertson, Edin- 
burgh; George E. Twigge-Molecey, Bombay; and Greme 
Hamilton, Ashton - under - Lyne—equal; 24. J. Spencer Low, 
Yorkshire; Edward M‘Culloch, Edinburgh; and Charles M. 
Pearson, Edinburgh—equal; 27. John R. Anderson, Orkney ; 
Robert William M‘Kenna, Dumfries ; and Alfred C. Sandstein, 
New Zealand—equal ; 30. Charles Forsyth, Glasgow ; Thomas R, 
Matthews, Jamaica ; and William Thomson Shannon, Liverpool— 
equal ; 33. Alexander Goodall, Ayrshire ; and George A. Rorie, 
Dundee—equal ; 35. Hugh M‘Calman, Tarbert ; and George F. 
B. Simpson, Edinburgh—equal ; 37. Henry Wade, Falkirk; 38. 
Robert W. T. Ewart, Dumfriesshire; John H. Gordon, Mid- 
Lothian; Albert A. Gunn, Strathpeffer; George E. J. King, 
Cheltenham ; and Ernest W. Lewis, India—equal; 43. D. V. N. 
Adams, Lanark; Francis J. Gray, Scotland; William Bell, 


574 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 


Barrow-in-Furness ; and James W. Mathewson, Dunfermline— 
equal; 47. Frederick A. Barnardo, India; Alexander Dingwall 
Fordyce, Edinburgh ; Miles Johnston, Uruguay ; William M‘Kay ; 
James F. Martin, Limerick; William P. Meldrum, Mauritius ; 
and James T. P. Heatley, Northumberland—equal. 

THOMAS R. FRASER, M.D., Professor. 


PRACTICAL PATHOLOGY. 
SENIOR DIVISON. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. R. H. Walter, Somerset; 2. G. L. 


Chiene, Edinburgh. 


Seconb-CLass Honours.—3. G. Scott Brown, Edinburgh. 


JUNIOR DIVISION. 


First-Class Honours.—1. George Lyon, Argyllshire ; and A. C. 


M‘Gilchrist, M.A., Islay—equal (Medallists) ; 3. J. 1). Slight, Porto- 
bello ; and W. R. Somerset, Derbyshire—equal; 5. John Malcolm, 
Caithness; 6. Patrick Kinmont, Scotland ; and J. W. Struthers, 
Edinburgh—equal; 8. Thomas Biggam, Wigtownshire; D. E. 
Dickson, Blairgowrie; and R. W. T. Ewart, Dumfriesshire—equal ; 
11. C. M. Cooper, Somerset, and F. W. More, Caithness—equal ; 
13. T. R. W. Armour, Edinburgh ; and A. G. Carment, India— 
equal; 15. B. C. B. Aldren, Malvern; and J. 5. Fraser, Cupar— 
equal; 17. W. Hamilton, Middlesborough; and A. H. Pirie, 
Dundee—equal; 19. Wm. Burns, Forfarshire ; 20. G. W. Miller, 
Dundee. 


SECOND-CLass Honours.—21. L. W. Davies, Wales; and A. W. 


Limont, Alnwick—equal; 23. G. Gatenby, Stockton-on-Tees ; 
24. E. P. Baumann, Cape Colony ; and W. M. Wilson, Stockton- 
on-Tees—equal ; 26. E. F. M. Neave, Dundee; 27. William Bell, 
Barrow-in-Furness; R. W. M‘Kenna, Dumfries ; and W. Martin, 
Ireland—equal ; 30. R. Gibson, Fort-William ; and R. G. Riddell, 
Peeblesshire—equal; 32. W. G. Heath, Antigua; and C. M. 
Robertson, Mexico—equal; 34. G. B. Hollings, London; and 
J. H. P. Paton, Duddingston—equal ; 36. R. C, Cunningham, 
County Louth ; 37. J. Donaldson, Carnwath; B. E. Myers, New 
Zealand ; and W. M. A. Smith, Forfarshire—equal; 40. A. J. T. 
Allan, Portland; and A. Gibson, Paisley—equal; 42. M. A. 
Ghany, Hyderabad; T. J. T. M‘Hattie, Antigua; and H. R. 
Phillips, London—equal ; 45. A. B. MacCarthy, Queenstown ; 46. 
Wm. Gorrie, Perth; 47. J. F. Falconer, Elgin; 48. W. S. Eaton, 
Cumberland ; 49. W. G. Veecock, British Guiana. 
W. S. GREENFIELD, M.D., Professor. 


OPERATIVE MIDWIFERY AND GYNECOLOGY. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. Walter W. Chipman, Canada (AZedaélist) ; 


2, William Lillie, India; 3. D. J. Graham, Scotland; 4. John 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 575 


Macmillan, Edinburgh; 5. 5. J. Aarons, Sydney, N.S.W. ; 6. 
George R. Livingston, Edinburgh. 
SECOND-CLAss Honours.-—-7. D. Ritchie Dewar, Northumberland ; 
8. J. Ogilvie Veitch, Kirkliston ; 9. L. V. Laurie, Burntisland. 
A. R. SIMPSON, M.D., Professor. 


MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. 


First-CLass Honours.—1I. Stuart M‘Donald; 2. Percy T. Herring ; 
and R. K. Howden (Medallists) ; 4. Thomas Biggam; 5. A. J. 
W. Buchanan; and William H. Robb—equal ; 7. David R. Row- 
lands ; 8. C. M. Cooper; 9. John Malcolm ; 10. R. W. Anthony; 
11. J. D. Slight ; 12. William Burns. 

SECoND-CLAss Honours.—I3. Patrick Kinmont ; and George B. Serle 
—equal; 15. 5. Mallanah; J. A, Milroy; and H. Young Taylor 
—equal; 18. Arthur Dickson ; 19. William Finlay ; ‘William 
Mowat ; and W. W. Wood—equal ; 22. F. W. More; 23. George 
A. Vincent 3724. D. D. Gold ; William Hamilton; and Frank M. 
Willcox—equal ; 27. Gilbert A. Welsh; 28. W. Martin; 29. 
ἈΝ As smiths’ 30, J. i. Falconer; 21. R. .M. Hall: 32: 
A. B. MacCarthy ; and Edwin Matthew—equal ; 34. J. C. Hast- 
ings; 35. J. D. S. Milln; 36. W. G. Heath; and Thomas B. 
Shoolbread—equal; 38. A. J. Ryle; 39. W. J. Veecock; 40. 
William H. Hill; William W. Maxwell; and A. G. Worrall— 
equal; 43. W. S. Eaton ; 44. C. H. Phillips; 45. James Cappie ; 

. M. Robertson ; and ὦ Sanitas’ *—equal ; 48. T. N. Johnston ; 
49. H. Belasco ; H. F. Boland; T. J. T. M‘Hatties; and Robert 
G. Riddell—equal ; 53. D. Clow and W. R. Somerset—equal ; 
Bea dba ΝΜ: Callander, W. J. H. Hislop, G. B. Hollings, and J. "Ἢ 
Shoolbread—equal ; 59. James Donaldson ; 60, R. C. Cunningham; 
61. Charles D. Lauder; 62. A. J. T. Allan ; John M‘Gibbon ; and 
Alfred E. Williams—equal ; 65. James Forrest ; 66. A. E. Brookes. 

DOUGLAS MACLAGAN, Kt., M.D., Professor. 


MENTAL DISEASES. 


First-Ciass Honours.—1. Thomas Yeates, M.B.C.M. (Afedallist) ; 
2. David James Graham; and David Orr, M.B.C.M.—equal ; 4 
W. J. Penfold; and A. P. Low—equal; 6. A. H. Edwards ; 
Thomas Grainger ; and A. C. Sturrock, M.A.—equal ; 9. John R. 
Lord ; το. George M‘Kellar and R. J. Ralston—equal. 
SECOND- Cass Honours.—12. Walter H. Cox; 13. A. D. Yule. 
tS: CLOUST ON, M.D., Lecturer. 


DISEASES OF THE EYE. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. J. T. Hewetson, Cumberland ; 2. John 
A. Hunter, Belfast (AZedallists) ; 3. A. Corsar Sturrock, Linlith- 
gow; and James Bannerman, Southport—equal; 5. W. E. 
M‘Kechnie, South Africa ; 6. Arthur Dickson, Montrose; 7. A, 


576 Faculty of Medicine—Ctlass Prize Lists. 


D. Yule, Forfarshire; 8. ‘‘ Nil Desperandum”; ἃ. P. Low, 
Arbroath; R. W. Anthony, India; and F. O. N. Mell, India— 
equal. 

SECOND-CLASs Honours.—12. William Mowat, Haddington ; 13. T. 
H. Stevenson, Ireland; 14 Robert Thornton, Arbroath; 15. 


Francis A. Hardy, Nottingham. 
D. ARGYLL ROBERTSON, M.D., Lecturer. 


WINTER SESSION, 1895-96. 
CHEMISTRY. 


ROBERT WILSON MEMORIAL PRIZE. .C. Menzies. Proxine 
Accesstt.—Charles ἘΣ. Fawsitt. 

First-CLass Honours.—1. Charles E. Fawsitt, Glasgow ; and Alan 
W. C. Menzies, Edinburgh—equal; 3. J. H. Harvie Pirie, 
Aberdeenshire ; 4. James M. Low, Leith ; ; 5. Alexander Trotter, 
Perth; 6. E. M. Anderson, Falkirk (Medallists) ; 7. Alexander 
Bain, Tatides: James Lornie, Perth; and William Mair, Edin- 
burgh —equal; 10. S. A. ee? Thankerton; 11. G. S. 
Carmichael, Edinburgh; 12. J. Gordon M‘Dougall, Montrose ; 
13. J. C. Leighton, Dundee; and HH. Mason, Barnsley—equal ; 
15. H. Oswald Smith, Edinburgh ; ; 16. Robert Affleck, Scotland ; 
David F. Chalmers, Gillespie; and William Girdwood, South 
Africe ; 19. ΚΕ. A. Ross, Cape Colony ; and Matthew A. 
Swan, Paisley—equal ; 21. A. R. Johnston, Forfar; N. Patterson, 
Ancrum ; and George W. Profeit, Balmoral—equal; 24. A. B. 
Black, Madras ; and Langworthy Laurie, Worcester—equal ; 26. 
Charles E. Legat, Edinburgh; 27. John M. Macdonald, Edin- 
burgh ; and W. G. Porter, ἢ Madras—equal ; 20. ΟΣ Bas Conaghy, 
Devonshire ; and Arthur M. Wood, Leith—equal s 21. Deron, 
County Down ; 32. C. W. Walker, Fife. 

SECOND-CLASS Honours.—33. John O. Peet, England; and John 
Ross, Edinburgh—equal; 35. A. C. N. M‘Hattie, West Indies ; 
William Purves, Portree; F. T. Thompson, Portobello; J. A. L. 
Wallace, Turriff; George Wilson; and Frank Young, Kirkcaldy 
—equal ; 41. William Wallace, Berwick-on-Tweed ; 42. Edward 
3. Jamieson, Shetland; 43. T. H. W. Alexander, Perth; H. H. 
3ishop, Trinidad ; Edward Ewart, Moffat ; G. Lewis Thompson, 
Mauritius; and G. Wright, Whitehaven—equal; 48. Henry TH. 
Simpson, Virginia, U.S.A. ; and Tasman J. G. Wilson, Tasmania 
—equal; 50. W. E. Carnegie Dickson, Edinburgh; and J. 5. 
Enslin, ‘Cape Colony —equal ; 52. W. A. Adam; LL. Bmuce; 
Brechin ; Frederick Hardie ; if M. A. Macmillan, Edinburgh ; G. 
W. P. Maitland, India ; and J. Brownlee Milne, Montrose—equal. 
58. John Jamieson, Edinburgh; D. MacKnight; J. C. Parker, 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 577 


Alloa; C. B. Balfour Paul, Edinburgh; and William S. Scott, 
Bonnyrigg—equal ; 63. Lesley N. Biggs, Edinburgh ; T. Hender- 
son; R. αν Leach, Rochdale; 5. Rattray, Edinburgh; and J. H. 
Thornley, Cumberland—equal ; 68. E. M. Horsburgh, Edinburgh; 
D. Menzies, Dunkeld; and C. F. Noble, Inverness—equal ; 71. 
J. P. Douglas; G. H. Lewis, S. Wales; and J. G. MacKenna, 
Dumfries—equal ; 74. P. H. Guthrie; 75. J. Duncan, Scotland ; 
Alexander Fraser, Elginshire ; J. G. 5. Jamieson, Ayr; Robert 
Sproule, Australia ; and A. W. Wilson, Lincoln—equal; 80. P. 5. 
Haldane; E. C. C. Maunsell; A. L. Nestor, Trinidad ; H. C. Nixon, 
Leek ; J. R. Prytherch, Anglesey; J. F. Selkirk, Edinburgh ; 
and F. D. Simpson, Bathgate—equal; 87. Andrew Fleming, 
Edinburgh; R. Hamilton, Yorkshire; T. A. MacKenzie, Edin- 
burgh; James Munro, Dornoch ; J. K. A. Robertson, Greenock ; 
William C. Ross, Edinburgh ; and S. R. Sibbald, Edinburgh— 
equal; 94. J. P. Campbell, Aberdeenshire; 5. H. Gibbon, 
Trinidad; and J. Strachan, Edinburgh —equal; 97. H. E, 
Arbuckle; Arthur A. Martin, New Zealand; and G. Duncan 
Whyte, London—equal ; roo, Arthur D. Spence, Montrose ; ror. 
N. E. Harding, Liverpool; J. T. Kirkwood, Sussex; and F. 
Burnett Stuart, Edinburgh—equal ; 104. Francis Κα. Kerr, Leith ; 
105. Alex. J. Baird, Port-Glasgow; Charles Fraser; H. J. 
M‘Lean ; A. M. Malcolmson, Leith; and H. Crichton Miller, 
Genoa—equal ; 110. J. 10. Anderson, Moffat ; John H. Bell; A. 
Brydon, Jedburgh ; W. I. Dunn; Sidney R. Ellis; P. Pattison, 
Edinburgh ; and Robert Thompson, Coleraine—equal. 


PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. Alan W. C. Menzies, Edinburgh ; J. H. 
H. Pirie, Aberdeenshire ; 3. J. Gordon M‘Dougall, Montrose ; and 
William Wallace, Berwick-on-Tweed—equal (A/edallists); 5. G. 
S. Carmichael, Edinburgh ; and G. H. Hannah—equal; 7. James 
M. Low, Leith ; William Mair, Edinburgh ; C. W. Walker, Fife ; 
Norman S. Wells, Burma ; and A. M. Wood, Leith—equal; 12. 
John Ross, Edinburgh; and M. A. Swan—equal; 14. S. A, 
Ballantyne, Thankerton ; C. E. Legat, Edinburgh; and R. A. 
Ross, Cape Colony—equal; 17. D. Heron, County Down; and 
C. B. Balfour Paul, Edinburgh—equal; 19. Garnett Wright, 
Whitehaven ; 20. T. H. W. Alexander, Perth; and H. Bishop— 
equal ; 22. A. D. 5. Cooke, Calcutta; J. Lornie, Perth; J. B. 
Milne; G. L. Thompson, Mauritius; and J. A. L. Wallacc, 
Turriff—equal ; 27. E. M. Anderson ; A. Β. Black, Madras; J. 8. 
Enslin, Cape Colony ; George Wilson, Berwickshire ; and Frank 
Young, Kirkcaldy—equal ; 32. J. P. Douglas, Lockerbie ; L. Laurie, 
Worcester ; and Aleck Trotter, Perth—equal; 35. F. Hardie; 
36. E. B. Jamieson, Shetland ; and Τὴ. MacKnight, Whitburn 
equal; 38. J. A. Black; and L. Bruce, Brechin—equal; 40, E, 


20 


578 


Faculty of Medicine—Ctass Prize Lists. 


Ewart, Moffat; John Jamieson; and L. C. Peel Ritchie, Edin: 
burgh—equal; 43. A. R. Johnston, Forfar; R. G. Leach, 
Rochdale ; and J. Strachan, Edinburgh—equal ; 46. T. A. Davies } 
47. ΝΥ. E. Frost, Limerick ; R. Hamilton, Bradford ; D. M. Macrae, 
Stornoway ; W. S. Scott, Bonnyrigg ; J. H. Thornley, Cumberland ; 
and T, J. G. Wilson—equal 353. J. G. MacKenna, Dumfries ; A. L. 
Nestor, Trinidad ; C. F. Noble, Inverness ; W. G. Porter; Ὁ. W. 
Profeit, Balmoral; F. G. Ralston; and H. H. Simpson—equal. 


SECOND-CLAss Honours.—60. G. S. Carey, Guernsey; W. ΚΕ, 


M‘Farlane, Edinburgh ; and A. W. Wilson, Lincolnshire—equal ; 
63. H. E. Arbuckle, Natal; ΝΥ. E. C. Dickson, Edinburgh ; P. 
5. Haldane, Bridge-of-Allan; and A. Ὁ, N. M‘Hattie, West 
Indies—equal; 67. G. Εν Buist and James Wallace—equal ; 69. 
A, D. Spence, Montrose; and F. M. Wigg, Australia—equal ; 71. 
H, Alexander, Cookstown ; and L, P. Brassey—equal ; 73. J. Οἱ 
S. Jamieson, Ayr; W. Macdougall, Morayshire; H. J. M‘Lean, 
New Zealand ; H. Mason ; James Munro, Dornoch; N. Patterson, 
Ancrum; and F. D. Simpson, Bathgate—equal; 80, Andrew 
Fleming, Edinburgh; and G. R. Turner, London—equal ; 82. 
J. Lindsay, Edinburgh; T. A. Mackenzie, Edinburgh; and C. 
Heren Watson, Edinburgh—equal ; 85. J. P. Campbell, Aberdeen- 
shire; J. M. A. Macmillan, Edinburgh; and G. D. Whyte, 
London—equal; 88. G. W. P. Maitland, India, and William C. 
Ross—equal; 90. B. G. Forman; and H. C. Miller, Genoa— 
equal; 92. B. H. S. Aylward; W. J. Collis; A. Frew, Kil- 
marnock; F. F. C. Jagger; R. C. Monnington ; J. C. Parker, 
Alloa; J. B. Primmer, Dunfermline; and J. R. Prytherch, Ν. 
Wales—equal ; 100. Norman Glegg ; and J. Κα. A. Robertson, 
Greenock—equal ; 102. C. M. Anderson; and A. Brydon, Jed- 
burgh—equal ; 104. A. R. Douglas, Arbroath ; J. T. Kirkwood ; 
R. A. Savage, Lagos; and R. Thompson, Coleraine—equal ; 
108. Sidney R. Ellis; G. A. P. Ross, Ross-shire; and C. ἘΣ 
Southon—equal; 111. P. D. Cremona; C. Fraser, Edinburgh ; 
and 5. R. Sibbald—equal ; 114. J. D. Anderson, Moffat; W. P. 
Cormack, Tain; R. Horn; A. A. Martin, New Zealand ; H. D. 
Shepherd ; and H. T. Wolfenden—equal ; 120. J. M. L. Brown ; 
W. Eadie, Cumberland ; Gavin Forrest; H. C. Nixon; and H. 
M. Speirs, Haltwhistle—equal; 125. P. H. Guthrie; R. Ingles, 
Crieff; G. H. Lewis; C. E. Pepper, Salisbury ; H. M. Roberts ; 
and J. M. Young—equal; 131. A. J. Baird; A. W. Fuller, 
Maidenhead ; F. K. Kerr, Leith; K. D. Melville, Edinburgh ; 
and Allan S. Watson—equal ; 136. A. A. Ayton; and D. J. Roberts, 
Carnarvon—equal ; 138. D. Fitzwilliams; J. A. Gray; J. F. Selkirk; 
and P. Weatherbe—equal ; 142. ΝΥ. A. Cowan; J. ΗΠ. M‘Kee; 
L. A. Macmunn; A. J. Williamson, Haddington; and J. H. 
Wrightson—equal. 
ALEX. CRUM BROWN, M.D., Professor. 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 579 


ELEMENTARY ZOOLOGY. 


First-Ciass Honours.—1. R. A. Ross; 2. G. P. W. Maitland; 3. 
G. S. Carmichael (Medallists) ; 4. Wm. Mair and A. A. Martin— 
equal; 6. J. G. M‘Kenna; 7. James Dalzell and D. Menzies-— 
equal; 9. T. H. W. Alexander; 10. R. Hamilton and H. D. 
Shepherd—equal. 

SECOND-CLass Honovurs.—12. J. B. Milne, F. D. Simpson, G. 
R. Turner—equal ; 15. R. Sibbald; 16. Robert Affleck, Scotland; 
17. J. M. L. Brown; 18. A. 5. Frank, W. E. Herbert, and W. 8. 
Scott—equal ; 21. J. P. Douglas; 22. J. P. Fleming; 23. J. 6. 5. 
Jamieson, E. B. Jamieson, and K. D. Melville—equal; 26. 
Norman Glegg and R. ἃ. Leitch—equal ; 28. P. C. Rayner; 29. 
G. Wilson; 30. ΝΥ. J. Dunn and H. C. Nixon—equal; 32. A. 
Fleming, R. Inglis, and A. M‘Ewan—equal ; 35. E. H. Gibbon 
and D. Heron—equal; 37. G. S. Carey, A. R. Douglas, J. G. 
M‘Dougall, and Wm. Wallace—equal; 41. E. M. G. Jayne. T. 
A. Mackenzie had 60 per cent. in one exam. 


PRACTICAL ZOOLOGY. 


First-CLiass Honours.—1. H. D. Shepherd (AZedal/zst). 
SECOND-CLAss Honours. —2. Τὶ H. W. Alexander and J. P. Douglas 
—equal; 4. G. S. Carmichael, Norman Glegg, E. B. Jamieson, 
James Jamieson, and G. A. Park Ross—equal; 9. W. Mair, Geo. 
S. Steven, and Noel N. Wade—equal. 
J. C. EWART, M.D., Professor. 


PHYSICS: 


Frrst-CLass Honours.—1. M. A. Swan, Paisley (Medal); 2. A. 
ἐπε ἔσο Perth (A7fedal); 3. A. M. Wood, Leith; 4. T.; J. Ὁ. 
Wilson, Tasmania; 5. John Duncan and J. C. Gilchrist, Dum- 
fries—equal; 7. A. B. Black, Madras. Sara L. M‘Elderry, who 
was unable to attend the First Examination, obtained the highest 
marks (92 per cent.) in the Second Examination. 

SECOND-CLAss Honours.—8. W. Macdougall, Rothes, Morayshire ; 
9. G. Wright ; 10. S. A. Ballantyne, Pettinain; 11. O. C. Bradley ; 
12. F. Hardie; 13. N. Patterson, Ancrum; 14. Janet A. S. Mouat, 
Haddington; 15. J. P. Douglas, Dumfriesshire; 16. 1). Fitz- 
williams ; and R. Imrie, Galloway—equal; 18. J. Shields, East 
Lothian ; 19. W. E. Frost, Limerick ; and G, H. Lewis—equal ; 
20. H. E. Arbuckle, Natal; and J. Jamieson, Edinburgh—equal ; 
22. E. Ewart; 23. Τὴ. 5. Macknight and J. R. Prytherch, Wales 
—equal; 25. J. H. M‘Kee, Belfast; 26. J. T. Kirkwood, 
Worthing ; and R. G. Leach—equal; 28. ΝΥ. Brown; ἃ. F. 
Buist, Edinburgh ; L. Laurie, Worcester ; and C. B. Balfour Paul, 
Edinburgh—equal. 

C. G. KNOTT, D.Sc., Lecturer. 


580 


faculty of Medicine~-Class Prize Lists. 


SENIOR PRACTICAL ANATOMY. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. J. A. Murray, B.Sc., Mid-Lothian; A. 


C. M‘Gilchrist, M.A., Islay; A. C. Sandstein, New Zealand ; 
and R. F. M‘Nair Scott, B.A., Singapore (Medad/ists)—equal ; 5. 
William Lockerbie, Edinburgh ; and J. Martin Reid, Edinburgh— 
equal ; 7. J. R. Anderson, Orkney; and J. H. Rhodes, Kendal— 
equal; 9. S. H. Branch, West Indies; Duncan Forbes, Perth ; 
A. Dingwall Fordyce, Edinburgh; J. M‘A. Fraser, Nova Scotia ; 
G. E. J. King, Cheltenham; E. G. C. Maddock, Canada ; and 
1). Β. Waters, Wick—equal; 16. James Allison, Carstairs; C. 
A. B. Horsford, West Indies; Robert Gibson, Port William; E. 
W. Lewis, India; J. C. M‘Conaghy, India; Ὁ. V. M‘Intyre, 
Dundee; and W. Carlyle Wilson, M.A., Crieff—equal; 23. John 


Alcindor, Trinidad; R. J. Dick, Dunbar ; George Lyon, Argyll- 


shire; W. C. MacDonald, New Zealand; and Alfred Shearer, 
Orkney—equal ; 27. W. N. Barker, Fifeshire; R. N. Brebner, 
Canada ; Robert Crawford, Bradford; R. W. T. Ewart, Moffat ; 
Alexander Fordyce, Fauldhouse; H. T. Holland, Cornhill-on- 
Tweed ; R. W. Mackenna, Dumfries ; and Henry Wade, Falkirk 
—equal; 35. J. M. Cuthbert, Scotland; W. P. Meldrum, 
Mauritius; W. Moncrieff Paul, M.A., Dollar; J. A. Raeburn, 
Dollar; and J. A. Shoolbread, England—equal; 40. William 
Bell, Barrow-in-Furness ; J. V. Fox, Lancashire; J. M. Gray, 
Perthshire ; B. E. Myers, New Zealand; C. M. Pearson, Edin- 
burgh ; and Isidore E. Rosenstein, Cairo—equal; 46. C. S. 
Brebner, Darlington; William Craig, Kelso; L. J. M. Deas, 
India; Andrew Gilmour, Edinburgh; B. S. Hyslop, Leven; G. 
B. Pemberton, Dublin; Robert Pugh, Wales; G. O. Rowley, 
Shropshire ; and W. E. Tellett, Bridge-of-Allan—equal; 55. E. 
R. Branch, West Indies; Robert Cumming, Montrose ; Charles 
Forsyth, Glasgow; A. T. Gailleton, Perth; Robert Gellatley, 
Manchester; A. G. Hamilton, Chester; Graeme Hamilton, 
Ashton-under-Lyne; and J. W. Mackenzie, Inverness—equal ; 
63. George Dick, Wick ; and F. J. Jude, Australia—equal ; 65. 
J. Spencer Low, Yorkshire; Edward M/‘Culloch, Edinburgh ; 
Robert Ritchie, Edinburgh ; William Tarr, Somerset ; and G. J. 
Young, Yorkshire—equal; 70. J. G. Bell, Australia; Robert 
Bruce, Edinburgh; A. F. Perigal, Wheatley; G. A. Rorie, 
Dundee; and G. F. B. Simpson, Edinburgh—equal; 75. D. V. 
M. Adams, Lanark; Alexander Goodall, Ayrshire; A. M‘W. 
Green, Skye; W. J. Jones, Wales; and James Monroe, Edin- 
burgh—equal; 80. E. B. Anderton, Lancashire; and P. G. 
Leeb du Toit, Cape Colony—equal ; 82. T. E. Hincks, Wales ; 
John Mackenzie, Inverness; and A. H. Wood, Falkland—equal ; 
85. F. J. H. Bateman, Norwich; and E. M. Lithgow, India— 
equal ; 87. Ignatius Crook, Ulverston; and C. L. Dunn, Valparaiso 


| 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 58t 


—equal; 89. W. E. J. Wallis, Hampshire ; 90. Arthur Whittome, 
March. 

SEcOND-CLass Honours.—gt. E. G. Ffrench, Jamaica ; and James 
Leggate, Holytown—equal ; 93. Andrew Thomson, Wigtonshire ; 
94. P. A. Leighton, Portobello; 95. H. A. H. Gilmer, New 
Zealand; and C, W. Spooner, Dorset—equal; 97. Ivie Aird, 
Lockerbie ; and Evariste Laval, Edinburgh—equal. 


LECTURES ON ANATOMY. 
SENIOR STUDENTS, 


First-CLass Honours.—1. R. F. M‘Nair Scott, B.A., Singapore 
(Medallist) ; 2. Charles Chilton, D.Sc., New Zealand. 
SECOND-CLAss Honours.—S. C. Pritchard, London, 


JUNIOR PRACTICAL ANATOMY, 


First-CLass Honours.—J. D. Comrie, M.A., Edinburgh; James 
Miller, Edinburgh; Arthur Preston, Vorkshire : Wie 1 otuart; 
M.A., Edinburgh; C. H. J. Watson, South Africa ; and L. M. 
Wedderburn, Forfar (/ Medallists)—equal ; 7. W. J. Barclay, New 
Zealand; Y. A. Djedjizian, Asia Minor ; John Pender, Dumfries- 
shire ; Sutherland Simpson, B.Sc., Orkney ; and R. G. Thompson, 
Buckhaven—equal ; 12. J. A. Balck, Rostock ; Yoshinobu Fukuda, 
Japan; J. G. Jack, Edinburgh ; and J. Wishart Kerr, Scotland— 
equal; 16. Herbert Harris, Lincolnshire ; John Jeffrey, Jedburgh ; 
J. G. Munro, Thurso; William Park, Orkney; and B: 
Turnbull, Ross- -shire—equal ; ; 21. H. W. Boreham, Torquay ; 
Eee Gs Carlisle, Liverpool ; Charles Chilton, D.Sc., New Zealand ; 
W. Girdwood, Cape Colony; G. D. Laing, Northumberland ; L 
W. Macpherson, Edinburgh ; and E. M. Young, Kinross—equal ; 
28. H. M. Mackenzie, Scotland ; and A. M. Wood, Leith —equal ; 
30. Thomas Livingstone, Durham ; and T. S. Shepherd, Wigan— 
equal ; 32. Richard Imrie, Castle Douglas; Langworthy Laurie, 
Worcester; and T. C. Mackenzie, China—equal; 35. R. R. 
Fasson, Edinburgh; David Fenton, Forfar; and J. F. Martin, 
Limerick—equal; 38. Harvey Baird, Perth; A. C. Heath, 
Surrey ; William Reid, M.A., Montrose; and H. D. Wilson, 
Australia—equal ; 42. John Craig, Edinburgh; J. L. Green, 
Edinburgh ; R. M. Rowe, M.A., Edinburgh ; and Angus Whyte, 
Easdale—equal ; 46. Malcolm Campbell, M.A., Edinburgh; 47. 
George Mackie, Montrose; 48. J. R. Munro, Lincolnshire; A. C. N. 
M‘Hattie, Antigua ; William Paterson, Peebles; and C. E. Smith, 
New Zealand—equal ; 52. Τὶ S. A. Orr, Wigtonshire ; and Peters- 
wald Pattison, Edinburgh—equal; 54. W. J. Collinson, Guernsey. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—55. J. L. Louis, Mauritius; 56. D. J. 
Ferguson, Richmond-on-Thames; 57. A. M. Malcolmson, Leith. 


582 


Faculty of Medicine—Class- Prise Lists. 


LECTURES ON ANATOMY. 


JUNIOR STUDENTS. 


Frrst-CLass Honours.—1. Sutherland Simpson, B.Se., Orkney; 2. 


James Miller, Edinburgh ; 3. W. J. Barclay, New Zealand ; 4. H. 
J. M‘Lean, Timaru, New Zealand—(Medallists) ; 5. H. J. Hoile, 
Dundee; 6. Launcelot Bruce, Brechin ; William E. Frost, Ire- 
land; B. E. Myers, New Zealand; and Frank Young, M.A., 
Kirkcaldy—equal; 10. M. A. Swan, Paisley; 11. S. A. Ballan- 
tyne, Pettinain; 12. William Wallace, Berwick-on-Tweed ; 13. G. 
S. Carmichael, Edinburgh ; and Richard Imrie, Castle-Douglas— 
equal; T. H. W. Alexander, Perth; J. M. A. Macmillan, Scot- 
land ; Norman Patterson, Ancrum ; and Garnett Wright, White- 
haven—equal; 19. ὦ. A. Davidson, Wigtonshire ; Langworthy 
Laurie, Worcester; A. A. Martin, New Zealand; and A. C. 
N. M‘Hattie, Antigua—equal; 23. A. J. Baird, M.A., Port- 
Glasgow ; Edward Ewart, Moffat; Herbert Harris, Lincolnshire ; 
Davis Heron, Ballynahinch ; Alexander Trotter, Perth ; and Angus 
Whyte Easdale—-equal; 29. Ὁ. C. 1,.. Fitzwilliams, Wales ; 
Charles Fraser, M.A., Scotland; Εν D. Simpson, Bathgate ; and 
G. R. Turner, London—equal. 


Szconp-CLAss Honours. —33. Malcolm Campbell, M.A., Edinburgh ; 


John Craig, Edinburgh; J. C. Gilchrist, Dumfries; and A, H. 
Griffith, Worcester—equal ; 37. J. G. M‘Dougall, Montrose ; and 
L. C. Peel Ritchie, Edinburgh—equal ; 39. Gavin Grey, Edin- 
burgh; and P. W. Hampton, Ramsey—equal; 41. Lesley N. 
Biggs, India; J. B. Milne, Montrose; and Dundas Macknight, 
Whitburn—equal; 44. A. B. Black, India; John Jeffrey, Jed- 
burgh ; and J. K. A. Robertson, Greenock—equal ; 47. B. K. 
Goldsmith, Douglas, Isle of Man; H. A. D. Moore, Singapore ; 
and R. A. Ross, Cape Colony—equal ; 50. Alexander Frew, Ayr- 
shire ; E. H. Gibbon, Trinidad ; Robert Hamilton, Bradford ; and 
S. H. Morris, Market Harborough—equal; 54. C. B. Balfour 
Paul, Edinburgh; K. L. Teng, Straits Settlements ; and G. D. 
Whyte, London—equal; 57. A. W. Wilson, England; 58. 
Frederick Hardie, Kirkcaldy ; Dunbar Hughes, Grenada; J. G. 
Mackenna, Dumfries; ἃ. C. M‘Leavy, Ireland; and H. Μ, 
Speirs, Haltwhistle—equal ; 63. J. Dalgleish Anderson, Moffat ; 
S.. R. Sibbald, Lockerbie ; A. D. Spence, Montrose ; and Τὶ, J. 
G. Wilson, Tasmania—equal ; 67. J. W. Falconer, Edinburgh ; 
68. J. H. Bell, Dumfriesshire ; C. E. Southon, India ; and J. H. 
Thornley, Workington—equal; 71. H. E. Arbuckle, Natal; J. 
M. L. Brown, Airdrie ; Morden Carthew, South America; C. S. 
Clark, Brighton; James Munro, Dornoch; and James Shields, 
East Lothian—equal ; 77. William Hutchison, Edinburgh; E. W. 
Martin, Sheffield; J. If. M‘Kee, Belfast; A. W. Nankervis, 
Australia ; and H. T. Wolfenden, Lancaster—equal; 82, W. P. 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 583 


Cormack, Tain; C. E. P. Husband, Jamaica; A. J. Mackenzie, 
Inverness; H. C. Nixon, Leek; and John Thornhill, Cork— 
equal; 87. F. G. Belcombe, Edinburgh; J. P. Campbell, Aber- 
deenshire ; Johannes S. Euslin, Cape Colony ; J. F. Martin, 
Limerick ; F. N. Menzies, Carnarvon ; D. M. Macleod, Strontian ; 
W. S. Scott, Selkirk ; and Philip Weatherbe, Nova Scotia—equal ; 
95. Ρ J. Bodington, Norfolk; R. G. Leach, Rochdale; G. H. 
Lewis, South Wales; H. D. Shepherd, Wigan; and William 
Sloss, Australia—equal ; 100, Hubert Bishop, Trinidad ; William 
Eadie, Cumberland ; C. E. Pepper, Weymouth; J. B. Primmer, 
Dunfermline ; and Samuel Rattray, Edinburgh—equal ; 105. Archi- 
bald Dods, Dalkeith; Andrew Fleming, Scotland; F, K. Kerr, 
Leith; B, A. Spence, Burntisland; John Sullivan, Edinburgh ; 
and C. S. Vartan, Nazareth—equal; 111. G. F. Buist, St 
Andrews; W. C. Ross, Ayr; and J. Εν, Selkirk, Aberdeen— 
equal; 114. F. F. C. Jagger, Shrewsbury; and H, B. Sproat, 
Tobermory—equal. 

The following gentleman was unavoidably absent from one of the 

examinations :—Robert Affleck, Scotland. 

The SENIOR “ JOHN AITKEN CARLYLE” BURSARY in Anatomy and 
Physiology was awarded to Mr Charles Chilton, D.Sc., New 
Zealand. 

The JUNIOR ‘‘JOHN AITKEN CARLYLE” BuRSARY in Anatomy and 
Chemistry was awarded to Mr S. A. Ballantyne, Pettinain ; ror. 
access, —Alexander Trotter, Perth. 

MACKENZIE BURSARIES FOR PROFICIENCY IN DISSECTING were 
awarded to J. A. Balck, Rostock ; and L. M. Wedderburn, Forfar 
—equal ; Yoshinobu Fukuda, Japan ; and T. C. Mackenzie, China 
—equal ; prox. access,—John Craig, Edinburgh ; and Langworthy 
Laurie, Worcester. 

A Special Certificate of Proficiency in Dissecting was awarded to A, C. 
Murray, Perthshire, 

The following gentlemen acted as Prosectors to the Class :— 

Miles Johnston, Uruguay. 
R. F. M‘Nair Scott, B.A., Singapore. 
F. A. Barnardo, M.A., B.Sc., India. 
F. J. Gray, Scotland. 

. T. P. Heatley, Northumberland. 

enry Wade, Falkirk. 

W. TURNER, Kt., M.B., Professor. 


PHYSIOLOGY. 

SENIOR DIVISION, 
First-CLass Honours.—1. J. H. Rhodes, Kendal; 2. G. Lyon, 
Argyllshire (J/edal/ists); 3. A. C. Sandstein, New Zealand ; 
AN Wis Ne Barker, iifes 5.2). Bs Waters, ‘Wicks δ. Ἢ. Ἢ: 
M‘Nair Scott, B.A., Singapore; 7. A. C. M‘Gilchrist, M.A., 


584 faculty of Medicine— Class Prize Lists. 


Islay; 8. R. J. Dick, Dunbar; and Τὶ R. Matthews, Jamaica— 
equal; 10. A, Dingwall Fordyce, Edinburgh. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—11.G.E. J. King, Cheltenham; re. merce 
King, British Guiana ; and D. V. M‘Intyre, Dundee —equal ; 
R. W. T. Ewart, Moffat ; 15. RK. Cumming, Montrose ; 16, τ᾽ 
Forbes, Perth; 17. George Dick; Wicks ΔΝ Meldrum, 
Mauritius; and P. L. M‘AIl, Leeds—equal; 20. H. E. Gibbs, 
New Zealand ; J. C. M‘Connaghey, India; Ward Smith, Liver- 
pool; and E. Somerville, Staffordshire—equal ; σή. Οὐ: BB. 
Horsford, West Indies ; and E. W. Lewis, South India—equal ; 
26. Ἢ: ΤΣ Holland, Cornhill-on-T weed ; and R. Ritchie, Edin- 
burgh—equal; 28. J. W. Mackenzie, Inverness; and H. Wade, 
Falkirk—equal; 30. E. H. Brunt, Staffordshire ; and E. Laval, Edin- 
a aa χης 32. B. S. Hyslop, Leven; 33. J. M. Bowie, 
Edinburgh ; Crawford, Bradford; and R. Gibson, Wigtown- 
ἘΠ τ τ 36. Yo ule Cuthbert, Greenock ; A. M‘W. Green, 
Skye; J. Spencer Low, Yorkshire ; A. M. M‘ Intosh, Edinburgh ; 
and W. C. Wilson, Calcutta—equal ; 41. Robert King, Edin. 
burgh; and J. M. Reid, Edinburgh—equal; 43. E. F. Cyriax, 
London; and A. Gilmour, Edinburgh—equal; 45. A. Goodall, 
Ayrshire; 46. F. A. Barnardo, India; F. Dommissé, Cape 
Colony; and T. B. Shoolbread, Portsmouth—equal; 49. W. 
Bell, Barrow -in- Furness; W. Lockerbie, Edinburgh; E. 
M‘Culloch, Edinburgh; P. H. M‘Donald, Leith; and W. E. J. 
Wallis, Hampshire—equal ; 54. W. J. Jones, Wrexham; R. A. 
M‘Neill, Glasgow; J. T. Titterton, Staffordshire ; A. K. Traill, 
India ; and R. C. Verley, Jamaica—equal; 59. D. V. M. Adams, 
Lanark; 5. Branch, St Kitts; C. S. Brebner, Darlington; R. 
M. Dalziel, Nagpur; F. J. Gray, Scotland; and H. M‘Calman, 
Tarbert—equal ; 65. J. R. Anderson, Orkney; J. Alcindor, 
Trinidad ; A. G. Hamilton, Chester; P. H. Henderson, Coupar- 
Angus; T. E. Hincks, South Wales; A. H. James, Wales; J. 
Mackenzie, Inverness; J. Monroe, Edinburgh; G. A. Rorie, 
Dundee ; J. A. Raeburn, Dollar, ; J. A. C. Smith, St Nicholas ; 
G. E. Twigge-Molecey, England ; and D, Wardrop, Greenock— 
equal. 

JUNIOR DIVISION. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. J. J. Galbraith, Inverness; 2. Y. A. 
Djedjizian, Asia Minor; 3. H. G. Carlisle, Liverpool; 4. C. 
Chilton, M.A., B.Sc., New Zealand ; and C. H. J. Watson, South 
Africa—equal (A/edallists) ; 6. J. Liickhoff, Cape Colony; 7. G. 
G. Hay, Abernethy ; 8. PB) Gornall, Preston; and J. Pender, 
= easel Sige ov 10. James Miller, Edinburgh; 11. J. 
Masson, Edinburgh ; T. Livingstone, Durham ; 13. W. jeu} 
3romley, Lancaster ; ν᾽ M. Paul, M.A., Dollar; and A. Preston, 
Yorkshire—equal ; 16. W. J. Barclay, New Zealand; M. M‘Kelvie, 
Campbeltown ; and A. S. M. Peebles, Coatbridge—equal; 19. M. 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 585 


Carthew, South America; G. D. Laing, Northumberland; W. 
Mackay, New Zealand; and T. S. Shepherd, Wigan—equal ; 23. 
H. M. Mackenzie, Helensburgh. 

SECOND-CLASS Honours. —24. i. G. Jack, Edinburgh; 25. J. D. 
Comrie, M.A., Edinburgh; and B. K. Goldsmith, Douglas —equal ; 
27. VE. is Brown, India, and Κα. M. Rowe, } M. A., Edinburgh— 
equal; 29. D. A. Callender, Edinburgh; G. A. Davidson, 
Stranraer ; H. C. Kenn, Singapore; R. N .Pringle, Cape Colony ; 
and W. J. Stuart, Edinburgh—equal; 34. B. E. Myers, New 
Zealand ; and A. W. Nankervis, Melbourne—equal ; 36. H. Baird, 
Perth ; and W. Park, Orkney—equal; 38. J. Fullarton, Glasgow ; 
E. J. Peill, Madagascar ; and W. Reid, M.A., Montrose—equal ; 
1 5:0 Pritchard, London; 42. R. M. Brebner, Canada; J. G. 
Mitchell, Sutherlandshire a G. Munro, Thurso; and E. M‘K. 
Young, Kinross—equal ; 46. W. M. Mackay, Durham; and J. C. 
Carr, Carlisle—equal ; 48. J. Jeffrey, Jedburgh; D. B. King, 
Fife;; and J. F. Martin, Limerick—equal ; 51. E. A. Brown, 
Cape Colony; and W. Darling, Edinburgh— equal ; 53. J. Haddow, 
Scotland ; and P. W. Hampton, Isle of Man—equal; 55. R. F 
Jardin, British Guiana; J. L. Louis, Mauritius; G. Mackie, 
Montrose; and R. B. Turnbull, Ross-shire—equal; 59. J. 
Anderson, sWollar;-T. 5. A. Orr, Wigtonshire; and 1, M. 
Wedderburn, 3; 62. P. P. Gauteaume, Trinidad ; 
63. G. C. M‘Leavy, Ireland; 64. A. Dods, Dalkeith; A. M. 
Holmes, England ; and J. A. R. Thompson, Edinburgh—equal ; 
67. A. Κα. Smith-Shand, Aberdeen ; J. W. Kerr, Scotland; and 
J. R. Munro, Norwich—equal ; 70. A. C. Heath, Egham ; L. 
W. M‘Pherson, Melrose; E. T. Melhuish, London ; α: ἯΙ: 
Menzies, Scotland; A. Mouat, Haddington; H. B. Sproat, 
Tobermory ; and R. G. Thomson, Buckhaven —equal. 


PRACTICAL PHYSIOLOGY. 
First-CLtass Honours.—1. F. J. Gray, Scotland (J/edallést) ; 2. T. 
R. Matthews, Jamaica; 3. J. T. P. Heatley, Northumberland ; 
4. E. Somerville, Leek ; 5. J. Miller, Edinburgh. 
SECOND-CLass Honours.—6. L. D. Parsons, B.A., Madras; 7. E. 
A. Boxer, Lewisham; 8. H. Harris, Lincolnshire; 9. E. Ὁ. 
F french, Jamaica. 
WILLIAM RUTHERFORD, M.D., Professor. 


MATERIA MEDICA. 

First-Ciass Honours.—1i. George Lyon, Argyllshire; 2. Alfred C. 
Sandstein, New Zealand; 3. Clarence King, British Guiana ; 4. 
James Allison, Carstairs ;- 5. R. F. M‘Nair-Scott, B.A., Singapore 
(Medallists); 6. Archibald C. M ‘Gilchrist, M.A., Islay ; 7. Robert 
Cumming, Montrose; 8. David V. M‘ Intyre, Dundee. ; 9. Henry 
Hugh Roberts, Llanelly, South Wales; 10. Alfred aT Gailleton, 
Perth. 


586 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 


SECOND-CLAss Honours.—11. George E. J. King, Cheltenham ; 12. 


Stanley Branch, West Indies ; and John Cameron, Laurencekirk— 
equal; 14. William Bell, Barrow-in- Furness; A. Dingwall 
Fordyce, Edinburgh; Gerrit de Labat, Cape Colony; William 
E. M‘Kechnie, South Africa; and D, R. Waters, M.A., Wick— 
equal; 19. James R. Anderson, Orkney; Thomas D, M‘Laren, 
Edinburgh ; and William Carlyle Wilson, Calcutta—equal ; 22, 
Alexander Goodall, Ayrshire; W. M. Paul, M.A., Dollar; and 
James Martin Reid, Edinburgh—equal ; 25. Robert Gibson, Port 
William ; and Henry T. Holland, Cornhill - on - Tweed—equal ; 
27. Ernest F. Bashford, Bowden, Cheshire; Robert J. Dick, 
Dunbar; and Ernest W. Lewis, Bellary, S. India—equal ; 30. 
A. M‘Watt Green, Isle of Skye; Graeme Hamilton, Ashton- 
under-Lyne ; and Wroughton G. Heath, Antigua—equal ; 33. D. 
Elliott Dickson, Blairgowrie; C. A. B. Horsford, W. Indies ; 
and John Wm. Mackenzie, Inverness—equal; 36. William 
Lockerbie, Edinburgh; 37. John M. Bowie, Edinburgh ; Duncan 
Forbes, Perth; and John M‘Gregor, Crieff-—-equal; 40. Wm. 
Craig, Kelso; and Donald A. M‘Vean, Edinburgh—equal ; 42. 
Balfour S. Hyslop, Leven; Robert King, Edinburgh ; Evariste 
Laval, Edinburgh; and James ΝΥ, M‘Intosh, Scotland—equal ; 
46. C. S. Brebner, Darlington; James Burnet, Edinburgh ; 
George Dick, Wick ; Robert W. T. Ewart, Dumfriesshire ; John 
A. C. Smith, St Nicholas ; George E. Twigge-Molecey, England ; 
and David Wardrop, Greenock —equal; 53. Robert Bruce, 
Edinburgh ; Fred. A. Dommissé, Cape Colony ; and Edward 
M ‘Culloch, Edinburgh—equal; 56. Charles Forsyth, Glasgow ; 
Thomas P. Greenwood, Yorkshire ; Albert A. Gunn, Strathpeffer ; 
Robert W. M‘Kenna, Dumfries ; George B. Pemberton, Dublin ; 
and Ward Smith, Liverpool—equal; 62. James A. Raeburn, 
Dollar; and George A. Rorie, Dundee—equal; 64. Harry E. 
Gibbs, New Zealand; James Leggate, Holytown; W. P. 
Meldrum, Mauritius; Robert Pugh, Wales; and Edgar 
Somerville, Leek—equal ; 69. J. Spencer Low, Yorkshire ; and 
Alfred Shearer, Orkney —equal; 71. Francis W. Broadbent, 
Leicester; Ernest Geo. Ford, Yorkshire; Andrew Gilmour, 
Edinburgh ; Thomas E. Hincks, S. Wales; Arthur W. Limont, 
England ; W. C. Macdonald, New Zealand ; Alexander G. Pirie, 
Dundee ; Henry G. P. Raeburn, Leith ; and Charles F. T. Scott, 
Ireland — equal; 80. Edgar H. Brunt, Staffordshire; J. M. 
Cuthbert, Greenock; Robert Gellatly, Manchester; William 
James Jones, Wrexham; James W. Mathewson, Dunfermline ; 
Charles M. Pearson, Edinburgh; David Robertson, Rothesay ; and 
Arthur H. Thomas, Lanarkshire—equal ; 88. Robert Cameron, 
Crieff; Leonard J. Montagu Deas, N.W.P. India; Harold 
Macfarlane, Kilmarnock ; Edward C. G. Maddock, Foronto ; and 
James Monroe, Edinburgh—equal ; 93. J. C. M‘Conaghey, India 3 


Faculty of Medicine— Class Prise Lists. 587 


William M‘Kay, New Zealand; William Macniven, Scotland ; 
William T, Shannon, Liverpool ; and William Tarr, Somerset— 


equal. 
THOMAS R. FRASER, M.D., Professor. 


GENERAL PATHOLOGY. 
SENIOR DIVISION. 


First-Ciass Honours.—1I. C. M. Cooper, Somersetshire (JZedallis?). 
SECoND-CLAss Honours.—George Holliday, England ; Thomas M. 
Ness, Dundee. 
JUNIOR DIVISION. 


Frrst-CLass Honours.—1. Thomas Biggam, Wigtownshire; and 
W. Hamilton, Middlesborough (Aedallists)—equal; 3. George 
-Gatenby, Stockton-on-Tees; 4. Patrick Kinmont, Scotland; 5. 
T. R. W. Armour, Edinburgh; and John Malcolm, Caithness— 
equal. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—7. J. 5. Fraser, Fifeshire; 8. J. D. 

~ Slight, Portobello; W. R. Somerset, Derbyshire; W. M. A. 
Smith, Forfarshire ; and B. C. R. Aldren, Malvern—equal ; 12. 
H. F. Boland, Dundee; 13. W. M. Wilson, Stockton-on-Tees ; 
14. W. G. Heath, Antigua; T. J. T. M‘Hattie, Antigua ; T. C. 
Lander, Ireland; F. W. More, Caithness; and Rk. ἃ, Riddell, 
East Lothian—equal; 19. William Burns, Forfarshire; and L. 
W. Davies, Wales—equal; 21. D. E. Dickson, Blairgowrie ; 22. 
G. B. Hollings, London ; and W. M. Martin, Ireland—equal ; 
24. R. Hill, London; and G. L. Findlay, Natal—equal ; 26. T. 
P. Greenwood, Yorkshire ; Leonard Boyer, Lincolnshire; and Β. 
K. Nariman, India—equal ; 29. V. G. Alexander, Scotland ; ἊΝ, 
E. M‘Kechnie, S. Africa; R. ΝΥ. T. Ewart, Dumfriesshire ; 
Arthur W. Limont, Northumberland; A. B. MacCarthy, Queens- 
town; and A. H. Pirie, Dundee—equal. 


PRACTICAL PATHOLOGY. 


First-CLiass Honours.—T. C. Lander, Ireland. 
SECOND-CLass Honours.—W. H. Dickinson, Newcastle-on-Tyne ; 
E. Laval, Edinburgh. 
W. S. GREENFIELD, M.D., Professor. 


SYSTEMATIC SURGERY. 
SENIORS, 

Frrst-CLass Honours.—I. James Fisher Lindsay, Lanarkshire ; and 
Alexander H. Edwards, Scotland (J/edallists); 3. Percy T. 
Herring, New Zealand; 4. A. Corsar Sturrock, Linlithgow; 5. 
David R. Rowlands, North Wales; 6. Robert Gow, Ralston, 
Glasgow; 7. James Bannerman, Southport ; and F. H, Merry, 


588 Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 


Edinburgh—equal ; 9. George B. Serle, East Linton ; 10. John 
Stevenson, New Zealand; 11. R. K. Howden, Natal; John 
Macmillan, Edinburgh ; and F. M. Purchas, New Zealand—equal. 
SECOND-CLass Honours.-—14. Oswald Raitt, Nairn; 15. John A. 
Hunter, Belfast ; Joseph Mason, Yorkshire ; and J, 1). 5, Milln, 
Tayport — equal; 18. A. D. Macpherson; 19. Ὁ. M‘Askie, 
Ireland ; 20. William W. Wood, Leith; 21. J. Boyd Jamieson, 
Edinburgh ; and William A. Skinner, Berwickshire—equal; 23. 
S. Mallanah; 24. W. G. C. Geekie, Perthshire; 25. Andrew 
G. Carment, Scotland ; 26. Edward F. M. Neave, Dundee}; 27. 
M. A. Ghany, Hyderabad; 28. J. F. Holden, Preston; 29. 
Alexander M. Rattray, Portobello ; 30. A. G. Naylor, Gloucester. 


JUNIORS. 


First-CLass Honours,—1. John D, Comrie, M.A., Edinburgh ; 2. 
Wm. James Stuart, M.A., Edinburgh ; 3. C. H. J. Watson, Cape 
Colony; 4. Arthur Preston, Yorkshire (J/eda/lists); 5. H. ἃ 
Carlisle, Liverpool; and L. M. Wedderburn, Forfar—equal ; 7. 
W. J. Barclay, New Zealand; and Y. A. Djedjizian, Asia Minor— 
equal; 9. William Reid, Montrose, and R. B. Turnbull, Ross- 
shire— equal; 11. Wm. Bennett, Ireland; and W. J. Ὁ. 
Bromley, Lancashire - equal; 13. W. A. Murray, Cape Colony; 
and Wm. Park, Kirkwall—equal; 15. D. A. Callender, Edin- 
burgh ; G. G. Hay, Abernethy ; Thomas Livingstone, England ; 
and George Mackie, Montrose-—equal; 19. B. K. Goldsmith, 
Isle of Man ; 20. Laurance D. Parsons, B.A., Madras; and R. M. 
Rowe, M.A., Edinburgh—equal. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—22. John C. Carr, Carlisle; 23. J. B. 
Gornall, Preston ; 24. J. J. Galbraith, Inverness ; James Liickhoff, 
Cape Colony ; H. M. Mackenzie, Scotland ; and John G. Munro, 
Thurso—equal ; 28. Robert U. Brebner, Canada ; and Roderick R. 
Macnicol, Argyllshire—equal ; 30. G. H. Menzies, Inverkeithing ; 
T. P. Oates, Cape Colony ; John Pender, Dumfriesshire ; and A. H. 
Pirie, Dundee —equal ; 34. G. Haddow, Scotland ; Maxwell Mac- 
kelvie, Argyllshire ; and A. K. Smith-Shand, Aberdeen—equal ; 
37. J. A. Balck, Germany;and Irvine K. Hermon, Montrose—equal; 
39. D. J. Fergusson, Surrey ; Cadivor Morgan, Wales ; and R. Greig 
Thomson, Buckhaven—equal ; 42.. A. Hume Griffith, Bedford ; 
Geo. C. M‘Leavy, Ireland; T. S. Allan Oxr, Wigtownshire ; and 
Chas. S. Vartan, Palestine—equal ; 46. John Fullarton, Glasgow ; 
D. J. Hughes, N. Wales; John Jeffrey, Jedburgh; A. J. Mac- 
kenzie, Inverness; and James Masson, Scotland—equal; 51. E. 
Archer Brown, Cape Colony; and David Fenton, Forfar—equal ; 
53. W. J. Collinson, Guernsey ; J. Ramsay Munro, Lincolnshire ; C. 
Heron Watson, Edinburgh ; and Ed. M‘Killop Young, Kinross— 
equal ; 57, E. A. Boxer, Lewisham ; Morden Carthew, Langholm ; 
A. Stanley Frank, Yorkshire; Wm. Paterson, Peebles; R. N. 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists. 589 


Pringle, Cape Colony ; and Chas. E. Smith, Norfolk—equal ; 63. 
G. A. Davidson, Wigtownshire; J. G. Jack, Edinburgh; Wm. 
Purves, Skye; and W. R. E. Williams, Shropshire—equal ; 67. 
J. B. Cassels, India; A. C. Heath, Surrey; T. C. Mackenzie, 
China; A. W. Nankervis, Melbourne, Australia ; T. S. Shepherd, 
Wigan; and A. B. Slater, Yorkshire—equal; 73. L. D. H. 
Brough, Jamaica; 74. C. 5. Clark, Brighton ; P. A. Maclagan, 
Edinburgh ; and L. W. Macpherson, Melrose—equal ; 77. Leonard 
Crossley, Westmoreland; David B. Merry, Dundee; and K. L. 
Teng, Straits Settlements—equal ; 80. Arthur M. Holmes, Eng- 
land; 81. G. J. Young, Yorkshire; 82. K. Chapel, Scotland ; 
J. M. Macdonald, Scotland; and δύ. M. Mackay, Durham— 
equal; 85. William Darling, Edinburgh; Y. Fukuda, Japan ; 
E. G. D. Menzies, Innerleithen; J. G. Mitchell, Sutherlandshire ; 
and Alex. Mouat, Haddington—equal. 
The following gentlemen were unavoidably absent from one examina- 

tion :— 

Frrst-CLass Honours.—A. S. M. Peebles, Coatbridge. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—D. B. King, Fifeshire ; E. A. Loch, Scot- 
land. 


PRACTICAL SURGERY. 
SENIORS. 


Honours.—1. James Fisher Lindsay (J/eda/dist) ; 2. A. Corsar Stur- 
rock ; 3. James Bannerman; 4. Alexander Hl. Edwards; 5. John 
Stevenson; 6. F. H. Merry; 7. Percy T. Herring; 8. Robert G. 
Ralston; 9. William A. Skinner; 10. 1), R. Rowlands; 11. R 
H. Howden ; 12. M. A. Ghany; 13. W. G. O. Geekie; 14. F. 
M. Purchas; 15. Joseph Mason; 16. George B. Serle; 17. Ὁ, 
M‘Askie ; 18. John Macmillan; 19. J. D. S. Miller. 

HAROLD J. STILES, M.B., Demonstrator. 


JUNIORS. 


MEDALLIST.—L. M. Wedderburn. 

PROXIME ACCcEssIT. —J. D. Comrie. 

Honours.—William Bennett, G. Mackie, William Park, W. J. Stuart, 
Ii. G. Carlisle, Bk. Goldsmith, J. B. Gornall, ἃ. Haddow, W. A. 
Murray, A. S. M. Peebles, William Reid, R. B. Turnbull, W. J. 
D. Bromley, J. C. Carr, K. Chapel, C. S. Clark, G. G. Hay, D. 
J. Hughes, P. A. Maclagan, James Masson, C. Morgan, J. Ram- 
say Munro, R. M. Rowe, C. 5. Vartan, Y. A. Djedjizian, Arthur 
Preston, L. D. Parsons, B.A.; A. K. Smith-Shand, A. B. Slater, 
T. Livingstone, J. L. Louis, H. M. Mackenzie, L. W. Macpher- 
son, G. H. Menzies, William Paterson, R. G. Thomson, W. J. 
Barclay, C. 5. Clark, Ὁ. J. Fergusson, J. J. Galbraith. 

E. G. FORTUNE, M.B., Demonstrator. 
JOHN CHIENE, M.D,, Professor, 


590 Faculty of Medicine—Class Prise Lists. 


MIDWIFERY. 


First-CLass Honours.—1. W. F. Harvey, Scotland; 2. L. Grant, 
M.A., Scotland; 3. D. Brough, Scotland; and P. T. Herring, 
New Zealand—equal (AZedallists) ; 5. G. Gatenby, England; and 
W. Π. Goldie, New Zealand—equal; 7. H. S. Ballantyne, Scot- 
land; T. M. Callender, Scotland; E. Matthew, Scotland; J. A. 
Milroy, Scotland ; and H. M. Morton, England—equal; 12. A. J. 
W. Buchanan, Scotland; J. Eason, Scotland; and B. Living- 
stone Learmonth, Australia—equal; 15. R. W. Anthony, Scot- 
land; J. D. M‘Crindle, Scotland; W. M. Milne, Scotland; J. 
Muir, Scotland ; and J. Richards, Wales—equal ; 20. W. Hamil- 
ton, England; G. C. Low, M.A., Scotland; and F. H. Merry, 
Scotland—equal ; 23. J. F. Lindsay, Scotland; 24. A. F. Cameron, 
Scotland; R. K. Howden, South Africa ; J. Macmillan, Scotland ; 
S. Mallanah, India; and J. Mason, England—equal: 29. W. J. 
A. Erskine, Scotland; W. H. Fowler, Scotland; D. Gold, Scot- 
land ; J. A. Hunter, Ireland; and N. Maudsley, England—equal ; 
34. C. H. Philips, West Indies; W. A. Skinner, Scotland; G. S. 
Small, Scotland; and J. Stevenson, New Zealand—equal ; 38. 
W. G. Heath, West Indies; T. F. Johnston, Scotland; C. D. 
Lauder, India; R. L. Mackirdy, Scotland; J. Malcolm, Scot- 
land ; and W. W. Wood, Scotland—equal ; 44. F. A. Hardy, 
England; P. Kinmont, Scotland; G. H. List, Scotland; T. V. 
Lockhart-Mure, Scotland; R. E. Loney, Scotland; and F. M. 
Purchas, New Zealand—equal ; 50. J. E. Bennett, Ireland ; L. 
Cairns, Scotland; A. G. Naylor, Scotland; and A. J. Orchard, 
New Zealand—equal. 

SECOND-CLass Honours.—54. W. Anderson, Australia; W. T. 
Hislop, Australia; W. Jagger, England; and A. L. Low, Scot- 
land—equal ; 58. E. Arkwright, England; G. W. Mackintosh, 
Scotland ; F. W. More, Scotland; and G. B. Serle, Scotland— 
equal ; 62. T. Johnstone, England ; N. H. Ross, India; and Τὶ 
Hl. Stevenson, Ireland—equal ; 65. C. H. Kruger, South Africa ; 
G. M‘Kellar, Scotland ; C. Porter, Scotland ; and W. Mackenzie, 
Scotland ; W. Mowat, Scotland ; W. Martin, Ireland ; and T. J. 
Wilson, England—equal ; 69. W. Burns, Scotland ; G. L. Chiene ; 
T. M‘Hattie, West Indies—equal ; 74. J. G. Bailey, England ; L. 
F. Biccard, South Africa; and R. 5. Young, Ireland—equal ; 
77. W. S. Eaton, England; G. B. Hollings, England; R. W. 
Knox, Scotland; R. Y. Ponsonby, Madagascar, and G. Sanders, 
Scotland — equal; 82. A. G. Thomson, Scotland; 83. T. 
N. Johnston, Scotland; 84. M. A. Ghany, India; 85. A. B. 
MacCarthy, Ireland ; 86. E. Baumann, South Africa; and A. J. 
Ryle, England—equal; 88. B. R. C. Christie, Scotland; 89. 
F. Porter, Scotland ; go. J. Nicoll, Scotland; and R. Selby, Scot- 
land—equal ; 92. H. Boland, Scotland; 93. T. Biggam, Scot- 


Faculty of Medicine—Class Prize Lists: Sor 


land; 94. A. E. Williams, England ; 95. Ian Lx Maelnies, Scot- 
land. 

The following gentlemen were prevented through illness from being 
present at more than two examinations:—Jehn Henderson, E. 
Porritt, ἢ. M‘Askie. 

A. R. SIMPSON, M.D., Professor. 


PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. 


SENIORS. 


First-Ciass Honovurs.—t1. J. T. Hewetson, Cumberland; 2. Percy 
T. Herring, New Zealand (Medallists); 3. John Eason, Leith; 
4. John A. Milroy, Wigtownshire ; 5. Edwin Bramwell, England; 
and Gilbert A. Welsh, Scotland—equal ; 7. James Bannerman, 
Southport ; 8. A. Corsar Sturrock, M.A., Linlithgow; 9. John: 
Ballantyne, Galloway ; Stewart M‘Donald, Galloway ; and A. Y.. 
Greenwood, India—equal; 12. Lewis Grant, M.A., Scotland ;: 
and John Macmillan, Edinburgh—equal; 14. O. St John Moses,, 
Calcutta; and A. D. Yule, Arbroath—equal; 16. W. G. C.. 
Geekie, Scotland; B. L. Livingston Learmonth, Australia ;: 
and D. R. Rowlands, Wales—equal; 19. D. H. Hutchinson,, 
Bristol ; and ἃ. F, Whyte, Nairnshire—equal. 

SECOND-CLAss Honours.—21. J. F. Lindsay, Scotland ; and W. H.. 
Robb, Glencapie — equal; 23. A. W. Fletcher, B.Sc., Mel- 
bourne ; 24. D. W. Gold, Scotland; R. L. M‘Kirdy, Rothesay ; 
Joseph Mason, England; and J. W. Simpson, Polmont—equal ; 
28. M. L. Dhingra, India; and John A. Hunter, Belfast—equal ; 
30. R. M. Hall, England; and F. M. Purchas, New Zealand— 
equal ; 32. C. C. Forrester, Scotland ; C. F. Giddy, York; B. K. 
Nariman, India; and 1). ἃ. M. Teague, Australia—equal ; 36. 
W. H. Hill, Scotland; and James Lee, Ireland—equal ; 38. 
Walter Jagger, England; T. V. Lockhart-Mure, Kirkcudbright ; 
and J. R. Richards—equal; 41. A. G. Carment, India; 42. 
B. M. Bone, Lancaster; and S. Mallanah, India—equal; 44. 
W. A. Skinner, Lauder ; and A. E. Williams, Chester—equal ; 46. 
B. R. Craig Christie, Scotland. 

Unavoidably absent from one Examination. —First-CLass HONouRS. 
—1I. C. B. Crampton, England ; and Percy J. Henderson, Edin- 
burgh—equal ; 3. J. L. Marjoribanks, East Lothian. 

SECOND-CLAss Honours.—4. George King, Pittenweem. 


JUNIORS. 

Fixst-CLass Honours.,—1. A. H. Watt, Edinburgh; 2. John Muir, 
KKirkeudbrightshire ; 3. James Graham, Joppa; 4. Edwin Matthew, 
Aberdeen (JZedallists) ; 5. ἃ. W. Anthony, India ; and Cyril H. 
Phillips, Barbadoes—equal; 7. Patrick Kinmont, S:cotland ; and. 
A. J. Orchard, New Zealand—equal; 9. J. S. Fraser, Cupar- 
Fife ; and James Prentice, M.A., Scotland—equal; 11. George C, 


592 Faculty of Medicine— Class Prize Lists. 


Low, M.A., Forfarshire; 12. T. M. Callender, Leith; R. K. 
Howden, Natal; Charles D. Lauder, Bangalore; and H. I. J. 
Thacker, B.A.—equal ; 16. F. H. Merry, Edinburgh ; and W. M. 
Milne, Morayshire—equal ; 18. John Malcolm, Caithness; and 
Noel Maudsley, Appleby—equal. 

SEcOND-CLass Honours,—20, J. D. S. Miller, Tayport ; and Oswald 
Raitt, Nairn—equal; 22. W. J. H. Hislop, New Zealand ; Henry 
Y. Taylor, Edinburgh ; and Frank M. Willcox, South Australia— 
equal; 25. John Richards, North Wales; and George Serle, East 
Linton—equal; 27. R. W. Knox, Allahabad ; 28. J. E. H. Bennett, 
Ireland ; and John Stevenson, New Zealand—equal; 30. J. G. 
Bailey, England; G. H. List, Scotland; Edward Ἐν M. Neave, 
Scotland; and W. W. Wood, Leith—equal; 34. R. G. Riddell, 
East Lothian ; 35. B. C. R. Aldren, Malvern ; and A. F. Cameron, 
Forfarshire—equal ; 37. E. E. Porritt, New Zealand ; 38. George 
S. Small, Brechin; and W. A. Young, Scotland—equal; 40. 
William Hamilton, Yorkshire ; Charles H. Kruger, South Africa ; 
G. W. Miller, Scotland; and F. W. More, Caithness—equal ; 
44. James W. M‘Intosh, Scotland; A. J. Ryle, Wales; and G. 
A. 5. Sander, Paris—equal; 47. William Burns, M.A., Forfarshire ; 
and Thomas F. Johnston, Ormiston—equal ; 49. W. H. Brendon, 
Cornwall; 50. C. E. Trimble, England; 51. Victor G. Alexander, 
Scotland; L. F. Biccard, Cape Colony; and Thomas Biggam, 
Scotland—equal ; 54. H. F. Boland, Dundee ; George A. Vincent, 
Trinidad ; and Κα. 5. Young—equal ; 57. Leonard Boyer, Lincoln- 
shire; James Donaldson, Carnwath; William Martin, Ireland ; 
and David M‘Askie, County Tyrone—equal ; 61. W. M. Wilson, 
Northumberland; 62. Marcus Mackenzie, Ireland ; and Fred. 
Porter, Jedburgh—equal ; 64. Rowland Hill, London; 65. G. B. 
Hollings, London ; and W. R. Somerset, Derbyshire—equal. 

T. GRAINGER STEWART, Kt., M.D., Professor. 


SPECIAL COURSE IN PUBLIC HEALTH. 

First-CLass Honours.—1. John Malcolm; 2. J. D. Slight; and 3. 
William H. Hill (A/edallists); 4. A. Gibson, and Percy T. Her- 
ring—equal ; 6. William Hamilton and F. M. Willcox—equal ; 8. 
C. M. Cooper; 9. William Burns, M.A. ; William H. Carse ; 
F. W. More; and W. H. Robb—equal; 13. R. K. Howden; 
14. Thomas Biggam; 15. G. Scott Brown and A. L. de Jager— 
equal; 17. P. Kinmont and A. J. W. Buchanan—equal ; 19. E. 
P. Baumann; Stuart M‘Donald; James Nicoll; and Robert G. 
Riddell—equal. 

SECOND-CLASS Honours.—25. W. J. H. Hislop; D. R. Rowlands ; 
W. R. Somerset; and James Fisher Lindsay—equal; 27. William H. 
Goldie ; 28. J. Stoddart ; 29. Κα. W. Anthony; James Donaldson, 
James Forrest; John Rk. Lord; A. B. M‘Carthy; George A. 
Vincent ; R. H. Walter; and F. M. Purchas—equal ; 37. Daniel 


Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 503 


Brough and R. C. Cunningham—equal ; 39. William Martin; G. 
W. Miller and Chas. M. Robertson—equal ; 42. A. J. Orchard 
and J. F. Wolfe—equal ; 44. George S. Small and ‘‘ Motto ”— 
equal; 46. H. Belasco and D. Clow—equal; 48. A. G. Brooke 
and Thomas F. Johnston—equal ; 50. J. M‘Hattie and 5. Mal- 
lanah—equal; 52. H. F. Boland; C. D. Lauder; and R. Owen 
—equal; 55. G. Liddell; 56. E. F. Wills; 57. W. M. A. Smith 
and H. Y. Taylor—equal ; 59. J. Ὁ. S. Milln; 60. Herbert F. Le 
Taylor and A. E. Williams—equal ; 62. William Anderson and 
C. H. Kruger—equal ; 64. C. H. Phillips ; 65. C. A. Brugman ; 
T. N. Johnston ; and Thomas B. M. Shoolbread—equal. 
DOUGLAS MACLAGAN, Kt., M.D., Professor. 


Graduation in Medicine and Surgero. 
A—REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO ALL WHO BEGIN 
MEDICAL STUDIES AFTER ist OCTOBER 1802. 


For those who began Medical Studies before ist October 1892, see 
Regulations B, page 626. 


I. Four Degrees in Medicine and Surgery are conferred by the 
University of Edinburgh, viz., Bachelor of Medicine (M.B.), Bachelor 
of Surgery (Ch.B.), Doctor of Medicine (M.D.), and Master of Surgery 
(Ch.M.). The Degree of Ch.B. is not conferred on any person who 
does not at the same time obtain the Degree of M.B., and the Degree 
of M.B. is not conferred on any person who does not at the same 
time cbtain the Degree of Ch.B. 

{These Degrees admit to the Medical Register. They qualify for 
Practice throughout Iler Majesty’s dominions, and for admission to the 
Military, Naval, and other Public Medical Services in the United 
Kingdom. } 

II. Subject to Regulations to be made from time to time by the 
University Court, the University may also confer Diplomas in Special 
Branches of Medical and Surgical Practice on Graduates of the Uni- 
versity in Medicine and Surgery. 


PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION.} 


III. Before commencing medical studies, each student must pass 
a Preliminary Examination in (1) English, (2) Latin, (3) Elementary 
Mathematics, and (4) Greek or French or German: Provided always 
that, in the case of a candidate whose native language is not English, 


1 See also pages 609-613. 
2k 


594 Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 


an examination in the native language of the candidate may be sub- 
stituted for one in either French or German, and an examination in 
any other classical language for one in Latin or Greek. 

IV. The extent and standard of the Preliminary Examination is 

determined by the Joint Board of Examiners constituted under Ordi- 
nance, General, No. 8 [Regulations as to Examinations], in accordance 
with the terms of that Ordinance. 
, V. The Preliminary Examination is conducted in accordance with 
the provisions of Ordinance, General, No, 8 [Regulations as to Examina- 
tions] ;—and, subject to the provisions of the immediately succeeding 
section hereof, the entire examination must be passed at one and the 
same time, except in the case of students who, prior to the date at 
which these Regulations came into operation, had passed a portion of 
the Preliminary Examination of the University, or of a Preliminary 
Examination recognised by the University. 

VI. A Degree in Arts, or in Science (not being a Degree honoris 
causa tantum), in any of the Universities of the United Kingdom, or 
in any Colonial or Foreign University specially recognised for the 
purpose by the University Court, exempts from the Preliminary 
Examination ; and the Joint Board of Examiners appointed under the 
provisions of Ordinance, General, No. ὃ [Regulations as to Examina- 
tions], has power to determine what examinations, other than those 
for the degrees hereinbefore mentioned, shall be accepted either in 
whole or in part in place of the Preliminary Examination. 


PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION. 


VII. Candidates are admitted to the Degrees of M.B. and Ch. B. only 

after they have fulfilled the following conditions :— 

I. The Candidate must have been engaged in Medical study for at 
least five years. 

2. In each of the first four years the Candidate must have attended at 
least two courses of instruction, in one or more of the subjects of 
study specified in sub-section 4 hereof—each Course extending 
over a session of not less than five months, either continuous or 
divided into two terms ; or, alternatively, one such Course, along 
with two Courses, each extending over a session of not less than 
two and a half months. 

3. During the fifth or final year the Candidate must be engaged in 
Clinical study for at least nine months at the Royal Infirmary, 
Edinburgh, or at one or more of such Public Hospitals or Dis- 


1 No Course of Lectures will be allowed to qualify unless the Lecturer certifies 
that it has embraced at least roo Lectures, or 50 Lectures, in conformity with the 
requirements of this section. Three Months Courses on Materia Medica, Pathology, 
and Midwifery do not qualify. Apprenticeship, Dispensary or Hospital Practice, 
Practical Midwifery, and Vaccination, &c., are not reckoned as Classes in making 
up an Annus Medicus. 


Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 595 


pensaries, British or Foreign, as may be recognised for the 
purpose by the University Court. 

4. The Candidate must, during his Curriculum, have attended a 
Course or Courses of instruction in each of the following subjects 
of study, including such Examinations as may be prescribed in 
the various Classes, viz. :— 

During a Course of 


I. ANATOMY, : : : : : : not less than Five 
Months. 

During two Courses 

2. PRACTICAL ANATOMY, . : ; F of not less than 


Five Months each,! 
3. CHEMISTRY, . : : : ᾿ =) 
4. MATERIA MEDICA and THERAPEUTICS, 
5. PHYSIOLOGY or INSTITUTES OF MEDICINE, 
6. PRACTICE OF MEDICINE, . , ὃ 5 
7. SURGERY, . ὃ ; Ἢ ; ὁ Η 
8. MIDWIFERY, and the DisEasEs peculiar to | During Courses οὗ 
WoMEN and INFANTS. Two Courses of + not less than Five 
Midwifery, of Three Months each, provided Months. 
different departments of Obstetric Medi- 
cine be taught in each of the Courses, are 
reckoned equivalent to a Course of not 
less than Five Months, . ‘ 3 : 
Ὁ: PATHOLOGY, . ς : : : τ 
10. PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY, . ; 3 é 
11. PHysics (including the DyNAMics OF 
SoLips, Liquips, and Gases, and the 
RUDIMENTS OF SOUND, Heat, LIGHT, 


| 
and ELECTRICITY), . . δ : : | During Courses οἱ 
12. ELEMENTARY BOTANY, . ὃ .¢ not less than Two 
13. ELEMENTARY ZOOLOGY, . : - . and ἃ half Months. 
14. PRACTICAL PHYSIOLOGY, . : 5 : | 
I5. PRACTICAL PATHOLOGY, . : : : | 
16. MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE and PUBLIC 
HEALTH, : : : : Ἢ sd 
Provided always in so far as regards the University of Edinburgh 


that— 
(z) It is the duty of the Senatus to determine from 
time to time the number of meetings of which such Courses 
shall consist, and in what cases two half Courses shall be 


1 Certificates of attendance on Practical Anatomy must express not only the number 
of months engaged in dissection, but the names of the parts dissected, and the degree 
of care with which the dissections have been made. Students are recommended not 
to appear for Examination in Anatomy, with a view to a Degree, until they have 
dissected the human body at least once. 


596 Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 


deemed equivalent to a full Course ; and to report the deter- 
mination to the University Court for its approval. 

(4) It is the duty of the Professors and Lecturers to 
submit to the Senatus annually at the end of the Winter 
Session a scheme specifying what proportion of the Courses 
shall be devoted to Lectures, Practical Demonstrations, Exam- 
inations, and Tutorial Work respectively. The Senatus must 
transmit such scheme, with such observations as it may think 
fit to make thereon, to the University Court for its approval. 

(c) The University Court will not grant or continue recog- 
nition to any institutions or teachers unless it is satisfied 
that their Courses of Instruction are equivalent to the Courses 
sanctioned in the Universities of Scotland. 


5. The Candidate must have attended for at least three years the 


Medical and Surgical Practice either of the Royal Infirmary, 
Edinburgh, or of a General Hospital elsewhere, which accom- 
modates not fewer than eighty patients, and possesses a distinct 
staff of Physicians and Surgeons. 


6. The Candidate must have attended Clinical Surgery during a 


Course or Courses extending over not less than nine months. 
These Courses may be conducted by the Professor of Clinical 
Surgery, or by Professors or Lecturers appointed for the purpose 
by the University Court, or by the Ordinary Surgeons of the 
Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, or of a General Hospital defined and 
recognised as hereinbefore provided, and must consist of regular 
instruction at the bedside, along with Clinical Lectures. 


7. The Candidate must have attended Clinical Medicine during a 


Course or Courses extending over not less than nine months. 
These Courses may be conducted by Professors of the University, 
or by Lecturers appointed for the purpose by the University 
Court, or by the Ordinary Physicians of the Royal Infirmary, 
Edinburgh, or of a General Hospital defined and recognised as 
hereinbefore provided, and must consist of regular instruction at 
the bedside, along with Clinical Lectures. 


8. The Candidate must have attended a course of instruction in 


Mental Diseases given by the University Lecturer, or by a 
recognised Teacher, consisting of at least six Class-room meet- 
ings for lectures and demonstrations and twelve meetings in the 
Wards of a recognised Asylum for the Insane. 


9. The Candidate must have attended a Course of twenty-five meet- 


ings on Practical Pharmacy in a University or recognised School 
of Medicine, or have dispensed drugs for a period of three months 
in an Hospital or Dispensary, or the establishment of any chemist 
and druggist or pharmaceutical chemist of Great Britain, or any 
pharmaceutical chemist of Ireland, who is registered in the 
Books cf the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain or of the 
Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland respectively. 


fegulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 597 


10. The Candidate must have attended, for at least six months, by 
apprenticeship or otherwise, the out-practice of an Hospital, or 
the practice of a Dispensary, or of a Physician or Surgeon, or of 
a Member of the London or Dublin Society of Apothecaries. 
He must have acted as Clerk in the Medical and Dresser in the 
Surgical Wards of a Public Hospital; and he is further required 
to attend :—A. (1) Post-Mortem Examinations in a recognised 
Hospital for a period of at least three months, during which 
practical instruction is given in the methods of making Post- 
Mortem Examinations, and in framing Reports. (2) A course 
of Clinical instruction in Fevers, given by a University Lecturer, 
or by a recognised Teacher, consisting of at least twelve meet- 
ings in a recognised Hospital for Infectious Diseases, during 
which meetings Clinical instruction is given on cases of Infec- 
tious Disease. (3) Instruction in Diseases of the Eye, given by 
the University Lecturer, or by a recognised Teacher, consisting 
of at least twelve Class-room meetings and twelve meetings for 
Clinical instruction in the Wards of a recognised Hospital, or 
in the Wards of a Hospital, and in a Dispensary, both recog- 
nised for the purpose. The Course to include sufficient practical 
instruction in the methods of Examining the Eye. (4) A 
Course of Operative Surgery, conducted by the Professor of 
Surgery in the University, or a similar course conducted by a 
recognised Teacher. 4. The Candidate is also required to 
attend any one of the two following courses : — (1) Clinical 
instruction in Children’s Diseases, given by the University Lec- 
turers on this subject, or by a recognised Teacher or Teachers in 
a Hospital recognised for the purpose, to such an extent as may 
be required by the Senatus, with the;approval of the University 
Court. (2) Instruction in diseases of the Larynx, Ear, and Nose, 
given by a University Lecturer, or by a recognised Teacher, 
consisting of at least six Class-room meetings, and twelve meet- 
ings for Clinical instruction in the Wards of a recognised Hos- 
pital, or in the Wards of a Hospital and in a Dispensary, both 
recognised for the purpose. 

11, The Candidate must have attended, under the superintendence of 
a registered Medical Practitioner, twelve cases of labour, or such 
additional number as the Senatus, with the sanction of the Uni- 
versity Court, may from time to time determine; or have attended 
for three months the practice of a Lying-in Hospital, or of the 
Maternity Department of a General Hospital or other Public 
Charitable Institution, and have conducted personally six, or such 
an additional number of cases of labour as the Senatus, with the 
approval of the University Court, may from time to time 
determine. 

12. The Candidate must have been properly instructed in Vaccina- 
tion at a Public Vaccination Station, by a Public Vaccinator, 


598 Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 


authorised by the proper Government Authority to grant Certifi- 
cates of Proficiency in Vaccination.? 

13. No Candidate for a degree will be deemed to have attended a 
class as part of the Curriculum necessary for that degree who 
does not present a certificate bearing not only that he has given 
regular attendance, but also that he has duly performed the 
work of the class. 

VIII. With respect to the Places and Institutions at which the 
studies of the Candidate may be prosecuted, the following Regulations 
have effect :— 

1. Two of the five years of medical study must be spent in the 

University of Edinburgh, each year of study including always 
the attendances specified in section VII., sub-section 2. 

2. The remaining three years may be spent in any University of the 
United Kingdom, or in any Indian, Colonial, or Foreign Univer- 
sity recognised for the purpose by the University Court, or in 
such Medical Schools or under such Teachers as may be recog- 
nised for the purpose by the University Court, each year of study 
during the first four years including always the attendances 
specified in section VII., sub-section 2.2 

3. Of the subjects of study specified in section VII., sub-section 4, 
not less than eight must be taken in the University of Edin- 
burgh, or (subject always to the provisions as to attendance 
contained in the immediately preceding sub-sections) in some 
other University of the United Kingdom, or in some Foreign or 
Colonial University entitled to confer the Degree of Doctor of 
Medicine, recognised for the purpose by the University Court, 
or in a College incorporated with, or affiliated to a University, 
entitled to confer the Degree of Doctor of Medicine, recognised 
for the purpose by the University Court : Provided always that 
where in any of said subjects of study two or more Courses are 
required, the taking of one of those Courses will constitute a 
taking of the subject for the purpose of this sub-section. 

4. The remainder of such subjects of study may (subject always as 
aforesaid) be taken in such Medical Schools or under such 


1 The Candidate must produce a certificate from a Vaccine Department in an 
Hospital, Dispensary, or other public Institution recognised by the Local Govern- 
ment Board for instruction in Vaccination, to the effect that he has himself performed 
the operation successfully under the teacher's inspection ; that he is familiar with the 
different stages of the vaccine vesicle, and with the method of preserving lymph, and 
is thoroughly informed in every necessary part of the subject. The recognised 
Vaccine Departments in Edinburgh are the Royal Public Dispensary, 21 West Rich- 
mond Street—Vaccinator, Dr Husband; the Western Dispensary, go Fountainbridge 
—Vaccinator, Dr J. B. Buist; and the New Town Dispensary, 17 Thistle Street— 
Vaccinator, Dr Caddell. 

2 Universities, &c., recognised under this sub-section.— University College, Dundee, 
and Royal Infirmary, Dundee, and all Indian, Colonial, or foreign Universities whose 
Courses of Instruction were accepted for purposes of graduation in Medicine under 
the old Ordinances. 


Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 599 


Teachers as may be recognised for the purpose by the University 
Court. 

5. All Candidates, not Matriculated Students of the University, 
availing themselves of the permission to attend the Lectures of 
Extra-Academical Teachers in Edinburgh, must, at the com- 
mencement of each year of such attendance, enrol their names in 
a book to be kept in the University for that purpose, paying a 
Fee of the same amount as the Matriculation Fee paid by 
Students of the University, and having, in respect of such 
payment, a right to the use of the Library of the University. 

6. The Fee for attendance, for purposes of graduation, on the 
Courses of instruction of recognised Extra-Academical Teachers 
in Edinburgh, must be not less than the amount exigible for the 
corresponding Courses in the University. 

[The fee must be paid at the commencement of the Course, and the 
Certificate must state the amount of the fee paid. | 

7. The University Court will not recognise as qualifying for ex- 
amination in any of the subjects specified in section VII., sub- 
section 4, the class of any teacher who is at the time a teacher of 
more than one of the said subjects, except in those cases where 
Professors in the University are at liberty to teach the two sub- 
jects: Provided always that a Professor or other Teacher in any 
endowed public College or Institution, who, by the terms of his 
appointment, is required to teach more than one subject of Medical 
Study therein, may be recognised under sub-section 2 of this 
section as a Teacher of any one of the subjects which he teaches. 

8. A Teacher, attendance on whose course of instruction, before 
the date of the approval of these Regulations by Her Majesty in 
Council, had been recognised for the purposes of graduation in 
the University, is not required to obtain a new recognition 
from the University Court ; and attendance on the course of 
instruction of every such Teacher may continue to be recognised 
as heretofore. 

g. It is in the power of the University Court, if it sees cause, at any 
time to withdraw or suspend any recognition which it may have 
granted. 

IX. In the University of Edinburgh it is the duty of the Pro- 
fessors of the subjects specified in section VII., sub-section 4 hereof 
(except Practical Anatomy and such other subjects as the Senatus, with 
the approval of the University Court, may from time to time determine), 
so to conduct the Courses that Students may receive instruction sufficient 
for graduation in any one of the said subjects by attendance on one 
Course of five or six months, or of two and a half or three months as the 
case may be. 

X. If any Candidate, before presenting himself for his Prelimi- 
nary Examination, has attended in any University of the United 
Kingdom, or in any University or Institution specially approved, or 


600 Regulations for Degrees tn Medicine and Surgery. 


under any Teacher specially recognised for the purpose by the Uni- 
versity Court, a Course or Courses of instruction in Physics, Chemistry, 
Botany, or Zoology, equivalent in the judgment of the Senatus to the 
qualifying Course in the same subject in the University of Edinburgh, 
such attendance will (notwithstanding anything hereinbefore stipulated) 
be held as entitling him to be examined in these subjects; and if the 
Candidate has attended such Course or Courses in each of the 
said subjects, he will be held to have completed his first year of 
Medical Study: Provided always that the evidence of such attendance 
at such equivalent Course or Courses must be presented to the Senatus 
at the time when the Candidate presents himself for his Preliminary 
Examination ; and the Senatus will, if satisfied, grant a certificate to 
that effect. 

By a Supplementary Ordinance of the Commissioners, the provisions 
of this section shall not have effect except where the University Court 
shall allow the application after a report by the Senatus, setting forth 
special grounds therefor. 


PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION FOR M.B. AND Ch.B. 


XI. Each Candidate is examined, both in writing and orally, and 
also clinically where the nature of the subject admits, in the follow- 
ing divisions, viz. :—/77s¢, in Botany, Zoology, Physics, and Chemistry ; 
Second, in Anatomy, Physiology, and Materia Medica and Therapeu- 
tics; Zhzrd, in Pathology, and Medical Jurisprudence and Public 
Health ; Fourth, in Surgery and Clinical Surgery, Practice of Medi- 
cine and Clinical Medicine, and Midwifery. 

In subjects which admit of practical instruction, the examination 
will be such as to test the practical acquirements of the Candidate. 

If a Candidate for the Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B. have completed, 
in a University of the United Kingdom, a course of study and passed 
an examination in Botany, Zoology, Physics, or Chemistry qualifying for 
a Degree in Science or in Arts, he shall be held to have passed the 
examinations in such subject or subjects. 

If a Candidate have obtained a Degree in Science or in Arts in any 
University other than a University of the United Kingdom, granted in 
either case after a course of study and an examination in Botany, 
Zoology, Physics, or Chemistry, it shall be in the power of the Uni- 
versity Court to exempt such Candidate from the examinations in such 
subject or subjects ; provided that the course of study and the standard 
of examination in each case are satisfactory in the judgment of the 
Senatus Academicus.! 

XII. Candidates who profess themselves ready to submit to an 
examination in the subjects comprised in the first division, viz., Botany, 
Zoology, Physics, and Chemistry, may be admitted to examination in 


1 The Courses of study, and the Examinations of the University of New Zealand 
are recognised. 


Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 601 


all or any two of these subjects at any examination held after they have 
attended a full Course in each of the subjects professed. 

XIII. Candidates who have passed their examinations in the subjects 
comprised in the first division may be admitted to examination in the 
second division at the end of the third winter session. 

Provided that Candidates who so desire may postpone their examina- 
tion in Materia Medica and Therapeutics until the close of the summer 
session following. 

XIV. Candidates who have passed their examinations in the subjects 
comprised in the first and second divisions may be admitted to exam- 
ination in the third division at the end of the fourth winter session. 

Provided that Candidates who so desire may postpone their examina- 
tion in Medical Jurisprudence and Public Health until the close of the 
summer session following. 

XV. Candidates who have passed their examinations in the subjects 
comprised in the first, second, and third divisions may be admitted to 
examination in the fourth or final division, when they have completed 
the fifth year of study. 

XVI. If any Candidate at these examinations be found unqualified in 
one or more subjects, he will not again be admitted to examination 
unless he has pursued his medical studies for such time, and subject to 
such conditions, as the Faculty of Medicine may prescribe.! 

XVII. If any Candidate at these examinations be found to have 
passed in one or more subjects with sufficient merit, he will not be 
liable to re-examination in such subject or subjects, although he may 
have been found unqualified in a subject or subjects comprised in the 
same division as hereinbefore specified. 

XVIII. Every Candidate must deliver,” on or before such day as the 
Senatus may from time to time determine, to the Dean of the Faculty of 
Medicine, a declaration, in his own handwriting, that he has completed 
his twenty-first year, or that he will have completed it on or before the 
day of graduation, and that he will not be, on the day of graduation, 
under articles of apprenticeship to any surgeon or other master. 

XIX. After the Candidate has satisfied the Examiners, the Dean of 
the Faculty of Medicine lays the proceedings before the Senatus, 
by whose authority the Candidate will be admitted, on such day as the 
Senatus may from time to time appoint, to the Degrees of M.B. and 
Ch.B., on payment of the required fees. 

XX. Candidates for graduation must produce evidence of their 
having conformed to the Regulations which were in force at the time 
they commenced their Medical Studies. 


1 Satisfactory Certificates must be produced when Candidates re-enter for Exam- 
ination, and the fees paid to Extra-Academical teachers in Edinburgh for re-attend- 
ances must be of the same amount as those payable for the corresponding classes in 
ERE USINErSIY, and the Certificates of attendance must show the amount of the fees 

al 
2 On or before the date for lodging Certificates, &c., for the fourth division of the 
Examinations. See page 622. A declaration is appended: to the Schedule for the 
Final Examination, which must be attested and signed before the Schedule is lodged. 


602 Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 


XXI. 


PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION FOR M.D.! 


I. Subject to the conditions hereinafter specified, the Degree 
of M.D. is conferred on any Candidate who has obtained the 
Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B., and is of the age of twenty-four 
years or upwards, and has produced a certificate of having 
been engaged, subsequently to having received the Degrees of 
M.B. and Ch.B., for at least one year in attendance in the 
Medical Wards of an Hospital, or in scientific work bearing 
directly on his profession, such as is conducted in the Research 
Laboratories of the University, or in the Military or Naval 
Medical Services, or for at least two years in Practice other 
than Practice restricted to Surgery. 

This Examination in Clinical Medicine for each Candidate 
consists of a written Report and Commentary, with any oral 
questions that may be considered desirable, upon at least 
three Medical cases. In the selection of the cases, special 


‘regard should be given to the opportunities they afford for 


testing the Candidate, not only in the ordinary methods of 
clinical investigation, but also in the more advanced methods 
requiring practical knowledge in the applications of the 
ophthalmoscope and laryngoscope, in the chemical and micro- 
scopical examination of excreta, the quantitative determination 
and microscopic characters of the chief constituents of blood 
possessing clinical importance, the recording by instruments 
of the condition of the circulation, the applications of electri- 
city, ἄς. : Provided always that one of the three cases on 
which a Candidate shall be examined may be the case of a 
patient suffering from a Gynecological or Mental Disease, or 
Disease of Childhood, if the Candidate on entering his name 
for the Examination declare a wish to this effect. So far as 
possible, the Examination in these Departments will be on a 
standard equal to that of the Examination on the Medical cases. 


2. Each Candidate for the Degree of M.D. is required to pass an 


examination in Clinical Medicine and in such of its special 
departments as may from time to time be determined ; and he 
may present himself for examination in Clinical Medicine at any 
period of examination subsequent to one year afterhe has received 
the Degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. 


3. Each Candidate for the Degree of M.D. must submit for the 


approval of the Faculty of Medicine a Thesis, on any branch 
of knowledge comprised in the second, third, or fourth 
examinations for the Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B., which he 


1 Candidates, settled for a period of years in foreign parts, who have complied 
with all the regulations for the Degrees of M.D. and Ch.M., but who cannot appear 
personally to receive the Degree, may, on satisfying the Senatus to that effect, by 
production of sufficient official testimonials, have the Degree conferred on them in 


absence. 


Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 603 


may have made a subject of study after having received those 
Degrees, excepting subjects which are exclusively Surgical ; 
and the Thesis, accompanied bya declaration signed by the 
Candidate, that the work has been done and the Thesis com- 
posed by himself, must be lodged with the Dean of the Faculty 
of Medicine on or before a date to be fixed by the Senatus.! 

4. A Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery, who produces 
to the Senatus satisfactory evidence of his intention of entering 
within twelve months after obtaining such degrees on the 
practice of his profession in a British Possession or Colony, or in 
a foreign Country, may, under Regulations to be framed by the 
Senatus, be admitted to the examination in Clinical Medicine 
at any period of examination after he has received such Degrees ; 
but the Degree of M.D. will not be conferred on him unless 
he produces a certificate that, subsequently to having received 
the Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B., he has been engaged for at 
least one year in attendance in the Medical Wards of an 
Hospital, or in scientific work bearing directly on his profes- 
sion, such as is conducted in the Research Laboratories of the 
University, or in the Naval or Military Medical Services, or for 
at least two years in Practice which has not been exclusively 
surgical, and unless his Thesis, in the judgment of the Faculty 
of Medicine, is of exceptional merit. 


Bachelors of Medicine and Masters of Surgery of the Uni- 
versity of Edinburgh, who have graduated under the regula- 
tions in force before 5th August 1892, may proceed to the 
Degree of Doctor of Medicine under the provisions of this 
section in the same manner as if they held the Degree of 
Bachelor of Surgery. 


PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION FOR Cu.M.? 


XXII. 1. Subject to the conditions hereinafter specified the Degree of 
Ch.M. will be conferred on any Candidate who has obtained 
the Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B. of the University, and is of 
the age of twenty-four years or upwards, and has produced a 
certificate of having been engaged, subsequently to his having 
received the Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B., for at least one 
year in attendance in the Surgical Wards of an Hospital, or in 
scientific work bearing directly on his profession, such as is 
conducted in the Research Laboratories of the University, or in 
the Military or Naval Medical Services, or for at least two 
years in practice other than practice restricted to Medicine. 


1 Candidates are required to write their Theses on faint lined paper, τι in. by 8% 
in. with margins 1% in. at each side. The Thesis is to be written on one side of each 
leaf only, and it must be lodged on or before 30th April of the year in which the 
Candidate proposes to graduate. 

2 See footnote 1, page 602. 


604 Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery. 


2. Each Candidate for the Degree of Ch.M. is required to pass 


an examination in the following subjects :—Surgical Anatomy, 

Operations upon the dead body, and Clinical Surgery, and in 

such of the special departments of Clinical Surgery as may 

from time to time be determined ; and he may present himself 
for examination in these subjects at any period of examination 
subsequent to one year after he has received the Degrees of 

M.B. and Ch.B. 

The Examination in Clinical Surgery for the Degree of Master 
of Surgery should for each Candidate consist of a written Report 
and Commentary, with any oral questions that may be con- 
sidered desirable, on at least three Surgical cases: Provided 
that one of the three Surgical cases on which a Candidate shall 
be examined may be the case of a patient suffering from an Eye, 
Throat, Ear, or Gynecological Disease, if the Candidate on enter- 
ing his name for the Examination declare a wish to this effect. 
So far as possible, the Examination in these Departments shall 
be on a standard equal to that of the Examination on the Sur- 
gical cases. The Candidates shall also be examined in Surgical 
Anatomy and Operations upon the dead body. 


3. Each Candidate for the Degree of Ch.M. must submit, for the 


approval of the Faculty of Medicine, a Thesis on any branch of 
knowledge comprised in the second, third, or fourth Examinations 
for the Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B., which he may have made a 
subject of study after having received those Degrees, excepting 
subjects that are exclusively medical; and the Thesis, accom- 
panied by a declaration signed by the Candidate that the work 
has been done and the Thesis composed by himself, must be 
lodged with the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine on or before 
a date to be fixed by the Senatus.! 


4. A Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery who produces to 


the Senatus satisfactory evidence of his intention of entering within 
twelve months after obtaining such Degrees on the practice 
of his profession in a British Possession or Colony, or in 
a foreign Country, may, under Regulations to be framed by the 
Senatus, be admitted to examination in the subjects specified in 
sub-section 2 of this section at any period of examination after he 
has received such Degrees ; but the Degree of Ch.M. shall not 
be conferred on him unless he produces a certificate that, sub- 
sequently to having received the Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B., he 
has been engaged for at least one year in attendance in the Surgical 
Wards of an Hospital, or in scientific work bearing directly on 
his profession, such as is conducted in the Research Laboratories 
of the University, or in the Naval or Military Medical Services, 
or for at least two years in Practice which has not been ex- 
clusively medical, and unless his Thesis in the judgment of the 
Faculty of Medicine is of exceptional merit. 


1 See footnote 1, page 603. 


πον... 


Regulations for Graduation of Women. 605 


REGULATIONS FOR GRADUATION OF WOMEN. 


1. It shall be in the power of the University Court to admit Women 
to graduation. 

2. The conditions for graduation shall be the same for women as 
for men, subject to the following modifications, which shall have effect 
until provision is made for the instruction of women in all the subjects 
qualifying for graduation, in which provision is made for the instruction 
of men. 

3. Section VIII. of Regulations for Degrees in Medicine shall not 
be applicable to the graduation of women in Medicine. 

So long as within the Faculty provision is not made for the instruction 
of women in any subject qualifying for graduation in which provision is 
made for the instruction of men, it shall be in the power of the Univer- 
sity Court to admit to graduation women who have received the 
requisite instruction in that subject in any University of the United 
Kingdom, or in any Indian, Colonial, or Foreign University recognised 
for the purpose by the University Court, or in such Medical Schools 
or under such teachers as may be recognised for the purpose by the 
University Court : Provided always that every Candidate for graduation 
shall produce evidence of having satisfied the conditions laid down in 
the Regulations for Degrees in Medicine with respect to the Preliminary 
Examination, and shall be examined in all the subjects necessary for 
graduation by the Examiners of the University. 

4. So soon as within the University provision is made for the instruc- 
tion of women in all subjects qualifying for graduation in which provision 
is made for the instruction of men, the conditions for the graduation of 
women shall be the same as the conditions for the graduation of men. 

5. In the case of women who began their studies before these Regula- 
tions came into operation, it shall be competent to the University Court 
to admit to graduation in Medicine women who may complete their 
medical studies in accordance either with the Regulations for graduation 
hitherto in force, or with the present Regulations ; declaring that as 
regards their studies prior to the date at which these Regulations came 
into operation (Ist October 1892), such women may have obtained their 
instruction in any classes which the University Court may accept for 
the purpose, and providing that before beginning their medical studies 
they shall have passed a Preliminary Examination which the University 
Court shall consider to have been adequate. 

6. Women who attend classes in the University must matriculate, pay- 
ing a fee of the same amount as that exigible for other students. Women, 
who are Candidates for graduation but not matriculated students, and 
who may attend classes in Edinburgh under the provisions above 
set forth, must, at the commencement of each year of such attend- 
ance, enrol their names in a book to be kept in the University for that 
purpose, paying a Fee of the same amount as the Matriculation Fee 
paid by students of the University. 


606 Regulations for Spectal Study and Research, 56. 


ADDITIONAL REGULATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY COURT. 


When granting recognition to Medical Schools or Teachers for the 
medical instruction of women, the University Court requires that the 
classes shall not be mixed classes, except on special cause shown. 

The University Court have recognised the Edinburgh School of 
Medicine for Women, Surgeon Square, Edinburgh, and the Medical 
College for Women, 30 Chambers Street, Edinburgh, as Medical 
Schools whose courses of instruction qualify for graduation in Medicine, 
subject to the following conditions :—Provided 1. That every Candidate 
for graduation shall produce evidence of having satisfied the conditions 
with respect to the Preliminary Examination and Registration as Medical 
Students, and shall be examined in all the subjects necessary for gradua- 
tion by the Examiners of the University in which she takes her degree. 
2. That the fees charged for classes or courses of instruction qualifying 
for graduation shall not be less than the fees for the corresponding 
courses of instruction within the University. 3. That the students attend- 
ing either of these Schools shall be free to take a class or classes separately 
in either the one or the other of the Schools. 4. That all students 
not matriculated students of the University attending these Schools for 
purposes of graduation must, at the commencement of each year of 
such attendance, enter their names in a book to be kept in the Univer- 
sity for that purpose, paying a fee of the same amount as the matricula- 
tion fee paid by students of the University, and having, in respect of 
such payment, a right to the use-of the Library of the University. 
5. That each of the aforesaid Schools make application annually to the 
University Court for a continuation of the recognition thus granted, 
and at the same time report to the Court on the administrative arrange- 
ments and discipline of the School. 6. That schedules of Class Returns, 
to be furnished by the Court, and giving the designation of the class or 
course, number of students, number of meetings, &c., be filled up by 
each of the teachers of the qualifying classes or courses of instruction in 
the aforesaid Schools, as in the case of the recognised Lecturers on 
Medicine, and forwarded to the Secretary of the Court not later than 
1st July in each year. 7. That all advertisements referring to the re- 
cognition of the aforesaid Schools, or to the qualifying classes or courses 
of instruction to be given at any time in connection with these Schools, 
shall, before publication, be submitted to the Secretary of Senatus of 
the University, and receive his approval. 


REGULATIONS FOR SPECIAL STUDY AND RESEARCH, AND FOR 
THE APPOINTMENT OF RESEARCH FELLOWS. 


I. The Senatus Academicus, with the approval of the University 
Court, may make regulations under which Graduates of Scottish Univer- 
sities or of other Universities recognised by the University Court for the 
purposes hereof, or other persons who have given satisfactory proof of 
general education and of fitness to engage in some special study or re- 


Regulations for Special Study and Research, &c. 607 


search, may be admitted to prosecute such study or research in the 
University. 

II. It is the duty of the Senatus (1) To receive and decide upon all 
applications for admission to prosecute special study or research. (2) 
To prepare a list of all persons so admitted (hereinafter referred to as 
Research Students). (3) To make regulations for the supervision of 
their work. (4) To satisfy themselves from time to time that the 
Research Students are carrying on their work in the University in a 
satisfactory manner. (5) To suspend or exclude from any course any 
student whose conduct or progress is unsatisfactory. 

III. Every applicant for admission must send in to the Senatus 
a written application stating any degree or other distinction which he 
has already obtained, the line of study or research which he wishes to 
prosecute and the probable period of its duration, together with evidence 
as to his character, capacity, and general qualifications. 

IV. Any application for admission shall be in the first instance re- 
ferred by the Senatus to the appropriate Faculty, or to a Committee 
appointed by the Senatus ; one member of the Committee shall always 
be a Professor or Lecturer within whose department the proposed line 
of study or research falls. No applicant shall be recommended by the 
Faculty or the Committee who has not satisfied them by examination or 
otherwise that he is qualified to prosecute the proposed line of study or 
research, and further— 

(a) That his proposed line of study or research is a fit and proper 
one ; (4) That he possesses a good general education ; (c) That he is of 
good character; (4) That he proposes to prosecute his studies or research 
during a period to be approved by the Senatus Academicus. 

The Faculty or the Committee shall make a report to the Senatus 
upon each application. It shall also be their duty, subject to the regu- 
lations of the Senatus, to provide for the supervision of the Research 
Student’s work, and to report at least once a year to the Senatus as 
to his progress and conduct. The Senatus shall then determine whether 
he shall remain a Research Student. 

V. Every Research Student shall be required to matriculate each 
year, paying the ordinary fee. 

VI. Research Students shall have access to and the use of the Univer- 
sity Laboratories and Museums, under such conditions as to payment 
and otherwise as the University Court, after consultation with the 
Senatus, may determine. 

VII. The title of Research Fellow may be conferred by the Senatus, 
with the approval of the University Court, on Research Students who 
have shown special distinction. Such title shall not of itself confer any 
right to stipend, but it shall be in the power of the University Court 
to provide a stipend of such amount and for such period as it may 
think fit to any Research Fellow under the powers of Section XL, 
Sub-section 8, of Ordinance 27. 


608 Regulations for Degree of D.Sc. 


VIII. (1) The Research Fellows shall be appointed as aforesaid after 
consideration of the report or reports submitted in terms of Section IV. 
hereof. (2) The title of Research Fellow may be conferred either at 
the commencement of the Research Student’s course of study or research, 
or at any time during its progress, as the Senatus Academicus may 
determine. (3) Research Fellows shall retain their title and stipend, if 
any, for the period during which they are engaged in special study or 
research in the University, and no longer. (4) Research Students who 
have been appointed Research Fellows shall continue to be subject to 
the conditions above prescribed as to the supervision of their work and 
the reports to be made thereon. 

IX. Nothing herein contained shall prejudice the right of Research 
Students to such Fellowships, Scholarships, or Prizes as may be open 
to them by Ordinance or Deed of Foundation. 

X. The University Court may, subject to the provisions of Section XI., 
Sub-section 8, of Ordinance No. 27, Edinburgh No. 6, provide such 
sums as it may think fit in aid of the expenses of Special Study or 
Research. 


REGULATIONS FOR THE DEGREE OF D.Sc. 


I. Research Students within the meaning of the Regulations for the 
Encouragement of Special Study and Research and for the appointment 
of Research Fellows, may offer themselves for the degree of D.Sc. of 
the University in which they have prosecuted some special study or 
research under those Regulations, although they have not taken the 
degree of B.Sc. or the degree of M.A. with honours in that Univer- 
sity ; provided— 

(1) That they hold the degree of B.Sc. or M.B. 0. a Scottish or 
any recognised University, or a degree of any such Univer- 
sity, which the Senatus ‘shall hold to be equivalent to the 
degree of B.Sc. or to the degree of M.A. with first or second 
class honours in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy ; 
provided that Candidates who hold any such degree froma 
University outside the United Kingdom may be required, 
if the Senatus think fit, before beginning their course as 
Research Students with a view to the degree of D.Sc., to 
pass an examination equivalent to an Honours or to a Final 
Science examination in a group of subjects cognate to their 
line of work as Research Students. 

(2) That they have spent not less than two winter sessions or an 
equivalent period as Research Students in the University 
granting the degree, and that they produce evidence of 
satisfactory progress in the special study or research under- 
taken by them during that period. 

(3) That a period of not less than five years shall have elapsed 
from the date of the graduation required in sub-section (1) 
of this section. 


Preliminary Examination. 609 


II. All Candidates for the degree of D.Sc. shall present a thesis or 
a published memoir or work, to be approved by the Senatus on the 
recommendation of the Faculty of Science ; provided that, if required 
by the Senatus, the Candidate shall also be bound to pass such an 
examination conducted orally or practically, or by written papers, or 
by all of these methods, on the subjects of his special study or of his 
thesis, as may from time to time be determined. The thesis shall be a 
record of original research undertaken by the Candidate, and shall be 
accompanied by a declaration signed by him that the work has been 
done and the thesis composed by himself. 

III. Notwithstanding and in supplement of the provisions of Regula- 
tions as to Examinations, sections XIV. and XV., the Senatus shall 
appoint such Professors or Lecturers as it may think suitable to conduct 
the examination of Candidates who may offer themselves under the pro- 
visions of the Regulations for Degrees in Science, or of these Regulations 
for the Degree of D.Sc., and the University Court shall, after consulta- 
tion with the Senatus Academicus, appoint an additional Examiner to 
act along with them. Such additional Examiner shall be a person of 
recognised eminence in the subject of the thesis, or memoir, or work 
which is to be submitted for approval. The result of the examination 
shall be reported to the appropriate Faculty or Committee of Senatus. 


V. The degree of D.Sc. shall in no case be conferred on persons who 
have not satished the conditions hereinbefore set forth, and shall not be 
conferred honor?s causa tantum. 

VI. The fee to be paid for the degree of D.Sc. is ten guineas, pay- 
able when the Candidate lodges his thesis. Fee for re-examination, 


45, 5S 


REGULATIONS OF THE JOINT BOARD FOR THE PRELIMINARY EXA- 
MINATION FOR DEGREES IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY, SUPPLE- 
MENTSRY TO SECTIONS III.-VI. INCLUSIVELY, PAGES 593 AND 594. 


For the Medical Preliminary Examination, the papers set in Latin, 
Greek, and Mathematics, shall be the same as those set on the Lower 
Standard in these subjects in the Arts and Science Preliminary 
Examination. 

The papers set in English (i) In October 1896, shall be of a Lower 
Standard than the papers set in this subject in the Arts and Science 
Preliminary Examination.? 

(ii) In and after April 1897 the papers set in English shall no longer 
be of the same character as the paper on English in the Arts and Science 
Examination ; no set books shall be prescribed, nor shall a general 
knowledge of the life and works of the greater authors be expected of 
Candidates, but one or two questions may be set, giving an opportunity 
to Candidates to show a knowledge of famous literary works. The 


1 See pages 128-130. 


2Q 


610 Preliminary Examination—L£quivalents. 


historical questions shall not be confined to any one period, but shall 
cover the whole of British History, and shall be set in such a way as to 
give an opportunity to Candidates who have confined their studies to a 
single period to show their knowledge. A single three hours’ paper 
shall be set, containing an Essay, a Paraphrase, two questions on 
History, two on Geography, four on Grammar (including Correction of 
Sentences, Parsing, Analysis of Sentences, and Derivations), two of a 
literary and general kind. Eight answers shall be required. The 
Essay, the Paraphrase, one answer on History, and one on Geography 
shall be compulsory. 

WV. 2.—In October 1896, alternative papers will be set in English, 
one on the lines laid down in paragraph (i), and the other on the lines 
laid down in paragraph (ii), and Candidates may select whichever paper 
they prefer. 

The papers set in French and German shall be of a Lower Standard 
than those set in these subjects in the Arts and Science Preliminary 
Examinations.! 

It shall be in the option of any Candidate for the Medical Preliminary 
to take the papers set on the Higher Standard for the Arts Preliminary 
in any of the subjects. 

Excellence in one or more subjects will be permitted to compensate 
in some measure for deficiency in any of the other subjects. Such 
excellence may be shown either by attaining a high percentage of marks 
on the Lower Standard, or by passing on the Higher Standard. 

Candidates who, having taken English, Latin, Greek, Mathematics, 
or a Modern Language, on the Higher Standard, as prescribed by the 
Regulations for the Arts and Science Preliminary, have obtained a 
satisfactory percentage of marks, shall be held to have passed the 
Medical Preliminary in these subjects, provided that all the subjects 
required by the Regulations of the General Medical Council are taken 
at the same time. 

For subjects of Examination, see Regulations for Latin (Lower 
Standard), Greek (Lower Standard), Mathematics (Lower Standard), 
French and German, under Arts and Science Preliminary Examination.! 


EXAMINATIONS ACCEPTED AS EXEMPTING FROM THE PRELIMINARY 
EXAMINATION IN MEDICINE. 


Provided always that the Regulations of the General Medical Council 
regarding the Registration of Students of Medicine be complied with. 


1. In terms of the Regulations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery, 
‘a Degree in Arts or in Science (not being a Degree honoris causa 
tantum) in any of the Universities of the United Kingdom, or in any 
Colonial or Foreign University, specially recognised for the purpose by 
the University Court, shall exempt from the Preliminary Examina- 
tion.” 


See pages 128-130. 


Preliminary Examination—LEquivatents. 611 


In virtue of the powers conferred on them by the Medical Regulations, 
Section VI., page 594, the Joint-Board have resolved as follows :— 

2. Any Candidate who produces a Certificate of having passed the 
Preliminary Examination in Arts or Science in any Scottish Univer- 
sity, either at the University Examination or through the Leaving 
Certificates of the Scotch Education Department, or partly at the 
University Examination, and partly through the Leaving Certificates, 
shall be held to have passed the Preliminary Examination for Medicine, 
provided that the Examination has included the specified subjects of 
General Education as required under the Regulations of the General 
Medical Council, and by the Regulations for Graduation in Medicine 
and Surgery (Sections III.-VI. inclusive, pages 593 and 594.) 

3. A Candidate who has passed the Arts and Science Preliminary 
Examination of the Joint Board in any subject (Higher Grade where 
there is more than one) recognised for the Medical Preliminary Exam- 
ination, shall be exempted from further examination in that subject in 
the aforesaid Preliminary Examination. 

4. A Candidate who has obtained the Leaving Certificate (Honours 
or Higher Grade) of the Scotch Education Department in any subject 
recognised for the Medical Preliminary Examination, shall be exempted 
from further examination in that subject in the aforesaid Preliminary 
Examination. 

The Regulation that all the subjects of the Examination shall be 
passed at one and the same time shall not be held to apply to either of 
the above cases, 2, 3, and 4. But Candidates complying with these Rules 
2, 3, and 4) must obtain a University Certificate specifying the Examin- 
ations passed by them which have been accepted as equivalents to the 
Preliminary, and must present said Certificate to the Medical Registrar 
in order to registration. 

Further, each such Candidate when applying for said Certificate 
must, if he has not entered for any part of the Preliminary, produce a 
Matriculation Card from some one of the Scottish Universities. 

5. Lower Grade Leaving Certificates of the Scotch Education 
Department will only be accepted as exempting from the Medical Pre- 
liminary Examination, provided the examinations in all the requisite 
subjects have been taken and passed at one and the same time. 

6. The following English and Irish University Examinations will be 
accepted (provided they include all the subjects required under the 
Regulations of the General Medical Council, and prescribed by the 
Medical Ordinances of the Scottish University Commissioners, see 
Sections III.-VI. inclusive of Regulations for Graduation in Medicine 
and Surgery, pages 593 and 594), viz. :— 

Oxford.—Responsions, provided the Candidate pass the Examina- 
tion of the Joint Board in English ; Moderations, provided that 
Candidates who have passed it prior to Michaelmas 1896 shall pass 
the Examination of the Joint Board in English. After Michaelmas 


612 Preliminary Examination—Equivalents. 


1896 the Previous Examination will be accepted as exempting 
zn toto. 

Cambridge.— Previous Examination. 

Oxford.—Senior Local Examinations will be accepted fro tanto, pro- 
vided that, as regards English, the Certificates shall bear that the 
Candidate has passed in Division 1 of the subject, and in either 
Division 3, 4, or 5. 

Oxford.—Higher Education for Women will be accepted fro tanto. 

Cambridge.—Senior Local Examinations will be accepted 270 ¢anto. 

Cambridge.—Higher Local Examinations will be accepted 270 tanto. 

Oxford and Cambridge Schools Examinations.—Higher Certificate will 
be accepted fro tanto, provided that, as regards Mathematics, the 
Certificate shall bear that the Candidate has passed in both 
Elementary and Additional Mathematics; the Lower Certificate 
will be accepted 220 ¢ando only till October 1897 inclusive. 

London University.—Matriculation Examination. 

Dublin, Trinity College.—Public Entrance Examination. 

Royal University of Ireland.—Matriculation Examination. 

Victoria University.—Preliminary Examination ; Entrance Examina- 
tion in Arts. 

By fro tanto is here meant that a certificate of having passed in the 
Examination referred to in any subject required for the Medical Pre- 
liminary Examination, shall, as regards that subject, exempt from 
further Examination in the said Preliminary Examination. 

7. The Examinations of the following Indian, Colonial, and Foreign 
Universities and Colleges, will be accepted (provided the Examinations 
include all the subjects required by the General Medical Council, and 
prescribed by the Medical Ordinances of the Scottish University Com- 
inissioners—see Sections III.-VI. inclusive of Regulations for Graduation 
in Medicine and Surgery, pages 593 and 594), viz. :— 

Universities of (1) Calcutta, (2) Madras, and (3) Bombay.—Entrance 
Examination. Certificate to include Latin. 

Universities of (1) Cape of Good Hope.—Matriculation Examination ; 
(2) Zasmantan—Matriculation Examination; (3) Wew Zealand— 
Matriculation and Medical Preliminary Examination ; (4) J/el- 
bourne—Matriculation Examination ; (5) Syduzey—Matriculation 
Examination ; (6) Adelatde—Matriculation Examination; or its 
substitute, the Senior or Junior Public Examination. 

The University of Fredericton, New Brunswick.—-Matriculation Exam- 
ination. 

The Western University of Ontario.—Matriculation Examination. 

University of Manttoba.—Previous Examination. 

Codrington College (Barbados).—English Certificate for Students of two 
years’ standing, and Latin Certificate, or ‘‘ Testamur.” 

Germany and other Continental Countrtes.—Gymnasial Abiturienten- 
Examen, and corresponding Entrance Examinations to the Univer- 
sities. 


Dates of Entry for Preliminary Examination. 613 


The Provincial Education Department of Ontario.—-Departmental Pass 
Arts Matriculation Examination. 

Trinity University, Toronto.—Matriculation Examination. 

The University of Toronto.—Senior or Junior Matriculation Examination. 

Queen’s College and University, Kingston.—Matriculation Examination, 

27. Gill University.— Matriculation Examination. 

King’s College, Windsor, Nova Scotia.—Responsions. 

Dathouste College Halifax.—Matriculation Examination. 

Mount Allison College, Sackville, New Brunswick. — Matriculation 

Examination. 

The University of Winnifeg.—Preliminary Examination in Arts. 

Victoria College, Upper Canada.—Matriculation Examination. 

The University of Halifax, Nova Scotta.—Matriculation Examination, 
8. In the case of Candidates for the Medical Preliminary Examina- 

tion, who hold qualifications from Foreign or Colonial Bodies, other 

than Universities, whose certificates are not included in the list of 

Equivalent Examinations issued by the Joint Board, a Committee in 

each University, consisting of the Deans of the Faculties of Arts, 

Science, and Medicine, is empowered to accept such certificates, if 

it deems them sufficient, provided that all such cases are reported to 

the Joint Board at their meeting next following. 


DATES OF ENTERING FOR PRELIMINARY EXAMIN- 
ATION AND FOR PAYMENT OF FEES. 


Each Candidate is required to pay a fee of 10s. 6d. for each 
appearance at the Preliminary Examination. 

Candidates for Examination may obtain Schedules at the 
Matriculation Office, University (Old) Buildings, on and after 
4th September, and on and after 15th February. The Schedules 
must be completed and returned along with the fees not later 
than 18th September 1896 and 1st March 1897 for the autumn 
and spring Examinations respectively. 

Candidates may pay the fees personally or transmit them to 
T. Gilbert, University, Edinburgh, by Post Office or Postal 
Orders, or by Bank Drafts crossed Union Bank of Scotland 
(Hunter Square Branch), Edinburgh, and not by cheques on 
private accounts. When names are not entered and Fees paid 
on or before the stated dates, an additional or late entry fee of 
105. must be paid before the Candidate can be admitted to 
Examination. A Candidate is not held to have entered until 
his Schedule is lodged, the Fee paid, and a Pass to the 
Examination obtained. 


614 


| 


| 1896. 


Time-Table for Preliminary Examinations. 


TiME-TABLE FOR PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS FOR 1896-97. 


Sept. 26 


28 


2 


3 Sat. 


31 Wed. 


| 
| 
| 


Medical Preliminary 
Examinations. 


Arts and Science Preliminary 
Examinations. 


English, 9-11, 12-2 
Do. 

Greek, 3-6 

Dor. 3-52 

Latin, 9-12 

Mathematics, 2-5 

French, 3-6 

Doky 2 3-52 

German, 3-6 
Do., 355 : 

Higher Mathematics, 9-11 

12-2.1 


Moral Philosophy, 9-11} 
Mechanics, 1-44 


i Intermediate 


English, 9-11, 12-2 


New model, 9-12 


Lower Greek, 3-6 


| Lower Latin, 9-12 

| Lower Mathematics, 2-5 

| Higher Latin, 9-11, 12-2 
French, Ist paper, 3-4.30 

| Higher Greek, 9-11, 12-2 
German, Ist paper, 3-4.30 

and Higher 

| Mathematics, 9-11, 12-2) | 

| French, 2nd paper, 3-5 

| German, 2nd paper, 9-11 

| Dynamics, 1-4 


Natural Philosophy, 9-11? | 


Logic, 2-4! 


| English, 9-12 
| Greek, 3-6 


Do:;. 3-5: 

Latin, 9-12 

Mathematics, 

French, 3-6 
Do., B55 

German, 3-6 
DO: ΤΣ ΘΙ 

Higher Mathematics, 9-11, 

12-2! 


2-5 


Moral Philosophy, 9-11} 
Mechanics, 1-4} 

Natural Philosophy, 9-111 
Logic, 2-41 


| 
i 


English, 9-11, 12-2 
| Lower Greek, 3-6 


| Lower Latin, 9-12 
Lower Mathematics, 2-5 
Higher Latin, 9-11, 12-2 
French, Ist paper, 3-4.30 
Higher Greek, 9-11, 12-2 
German, Ist paper, 3-4.30 
Intermediate and Higher 
Mathematics, 9-11, 12-2 
French, 2nd paper, 3-5 
German, 2nd paper, 9-11 
Dynamics, 1-4 


1 For Students completing the Examination under the Old Regulations. 


Outline of Subjects for First Professional Exam. 615 


REGULATIONS AS TO CLASS EXAMINATIONS. 


With a view to promote the Educational interests of the 
students during the time they are occupied with the respective 
subjects in the Classes, the Senatus recommend :— 


1. That there should be at least two Special Class-Examinations in 
the Classes in the Faculty of Medicine during each Session, conducted by 
means of questions and written answers, without aid from books or notes. 

2. That in the event of a student gaining 75 per cent. or more of the 
available marks in any department, he shall obtain a Certificate in the 
First Class of Honours. 

3. That in the event of a student gaining 50 per cent. or more, but 
less than 75 per cent., of the available marks in any department, he 
shall receive a Certificate in the Second Class of Honours. 


University Bronze Medals are also given for Competitive 
Class Examinations. 


CERTIFICATES OF ATTENDANCE ON CLASSES 
Nef FACULTY OF MEDICINE. 


The Senatus Academicus have resolved that the Certificates 
of Attendance to be granted to students in the Faculty of Medi- 
cine shall be regulated in the following manner :— 


Each Professor shall ascertain the presence of his pupils at least 
twenty-six times in a Course of six months’ duration, and thirteen times 
in a Course of three months’ duration. 

Those who have been absent twelve or more times in a six months’ 
Course, or six or more times in a three months’ Course, or have not duly 
performed the work of the Class, including any Examinations that may 
be held, shall not be entitled to any Certificate. 

The following is the form of Certificate which must be adopted in all 
cases :— 


“41 certify that Mr attended my Course of Instruction 
on during the Session ; that he was present on 
of the occasions on which attend- 


ance was ascertained; and that he duly performed the work of the 
class.” 

Exceptions will be admitted in the case of those who may be absent 
from sickness or other unavoidable causes, the particulars of which must 
be stated to the Professor in writing, accompanied with certificates. All 
excuses for non-attendance must be given in immediately upon the 
student returning to his class. But if any student shall have been absent 
for six weeks or upwards, in a Course of six months, or for three weeks 
in a Course of three months (whatever the cause of absence may be), his 
case must be transmitted to the Dean of the Faculty for the decision of 
the Faculty. 


616 Outline of Subjects for First Professional Exam. 


Whenever the student’s cause for absence shall be admitted by the 
Professor or by the Faculty, the Certificate shall bear that he ‘‘ attended,” 
and shall state the amount of the irregularity and the nature of the excuse. 


FIRST PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION. 


The Faculty of Medicine have resolved that the written and 
oral examinations on Chemistry, Elementary Botany, Elemen- 
tary Zoology, and Physics shall be restricted in the following 
manner :— 

1. Chemistry.—Chemical changes as distinguished from physical 
changes. Elements; compounds; mixtures. Laws of chemical com- 
bination by weight and by volume. The atomic theory. Atoms ; 
molecules. Avogadro’s Hypothesis. Molecular weights of gaseous and 
volatile substances. Atomic weights. Law of Dulong and Petit. 
Chemical Notation—Symbols ; formule ; equations. Simple chemical 
calculations. 

The non-metallic elements and their chief compounds; especially 
the compounds of oxygen, of hydrogen, and of chlorine with the other 
non-metals, The more important inorganic acids. The atmosphere. 
Combustion. Oxidation and reduction. 

The following metallic elements and their chief compounds ; especi- 
ally those with oxygen, with chlorine, and with sulphur: Gold, pla- 
tinum, silver, mercury, lead, antimony, tin, copper, bismuth, zinc, 
iron, aluminium, chromium, manganese, barium, strontium, calcium, 
magnesium, potassium, sodium. 

The following salts: the ammonium salts; the more important 
sulphates, sulphites, thiosulphates, nitrates, nitrites, carbonates, bro- 
mides, iodides, iodates, phosphates, borates, silicates. 

The relations of bases, acids, and salts. Electrolysis. Quantivalence. 
The periodic law. 

The metallurgy of silver, mercury, copper, lead, tin, zinc, iron. 
Alloys, such as brass, bronze, solder, type-metal. Amalgams. 

The manufacture of aluminium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, 
glass, porcelain, mortar, gunpowder, sulphuric acid, sodium carbonate 
and bicarbonate, caustic soda, bleaching powder and _ chlorates, 
wrought-iron, steel, white lead. 

Classification of Carbon Compounds. Marsh Gas and its Homo- 
logues. Chloroform. Methyl and Ethyl Alcohols and Ethers. 
Substituted ammonias and ammonium salts. Formic and Acetic 
Acids, Aldehyde, Acetone, Chloral, Olefiant Gas, Oxalic Acid, Lactic 
Acid. Tartaric Acid, Citric Acid. Fats and Oils, Saponification, 
Glycerine. Cellulose, Sugars, Starch. Distillation of Wood and of 
Coal. Benzene, Benzoic Acid, Phenol, Salicylic Acid, Oil of Bitter 
Almonds. Hydrocyanic Acid, Cyanides, Cyanates, Thiocyanates, Urea, 
Uric Acid. 


Outline of Subjects for First Professional Exam. 617 


Simple Qualitative Analysis. The examination in this is conducted 
practically. Candidates are required to examine unknown single salts for 
both metallic and salt radicals, as contained in the following lists :-- 

Silver, Mercurous, Mercuric, Cupric, Lead, Stannous, Stannic, Bis- 
muth, Antimony (Zavtar Emetic may be given), Arsenious, Zinc, 
Manganous, Ferrous, Ferric, Chromic, Aluminium, Calcium, Barium, 
Strontium, Magnesium, Ammonium, Sodium, Potassium. 

Carbonate, Sulphite, Thiosulphate, Sulphide, Hypochlorite (Bleach- 
ing solution), Nitrite, Chloride, Bromide, Iodide, Cyanide, Sulphate, 
Chromate, Orthophosphate, Arseniate, Arsenite, Borate, Oxalate 
Nitrate, Chlorate, Acetate. 

At the examination, Candidates are supplied with the following 
reagents, &c.:—Acetic Acid, dilute Hydrochloric Acid, dilute Nitric 
Acid, Sulphuric Acid, dilute Sulphuric Acid, Alcohol, Iodine, 
Ammonia, Ammonium Carbonate, Ammonium Chloride, Ammonium 
Oxalate, Ammonium Sulphide, Barium Nitrate, Bleaching Powder, 
Calcium Chloride, Calcium Hydrate, Calcium Sulphate, Cobaltous 
Nitrate, Cupric Sulphate, Ferric Chloride, Ferrous Sulphate, Lead 
Acetate, Magnesium Sulphate, Mercuric Chloride, Potassium Car- 
bonate, Potassium Chromate, Potassium Ferricyanide, Potassium 
Ferrocyanide, Potassium Hydrate, Potassizm Iodide, Silver Nitrate, 
Sodium Bitartrate, Sodium Phosphate, Sodium Sulphite, Stannous 
Chloride, Sulphuretted Hydrogen. — So/ids—Manganese Dioxide, 
Sodium Carbonate, Borax, Sulphur, Zinc, Copper. 

Test papers :— Blue Litmus, Red Litmus, Plain, Starch, Turmeric. 

Bunsen Burner, Test Tubes. 

2. Elementary Botany.—The characteristic features of the following 
groups and classes of the vegetable kingdom :— 

Thallophyta [Schizophyta, Alga, Fungi]; Muscinee [Hepatice, 
Musci]; Pteridophyta [Filicinee, Equisetineze, Lycopodinez]; Phanero- 
gamze [Gymnosperme, Angiosperme (Monocotyledones, Dicoty- 
ledones) ]. 

The fundamental facts and principles of Morphology (including Ana- 
tomy, Histology, and Development) and Physiology. The life-history 
of the following plants :—Bacterium, Saccharomyces, Mucor, Vaucheria, 
Eurotium, Funaria, Aspidium, Pinus, Scilla, Helianthus, Ulmus; and 
the characters of plants belonging to the following natural orders of 
- Phanerogamee :—Coniferee, Graminez, Orchidee, Liliaceze, Urticaceze, 
Labiatz, Composite, Umbelliferee, Rosaceze, Leguminose, Crucifere, 
Ranunculacez, 

3. Elementary Zoology.—(a) The General Principles of Biology. 

(6) The distinctive characters of the Invertebrate groups, and the 
structure, habits, &c., of Amceba, Parameecium, Hydra, Arenicola, 
Hirudo, Anodon, Helix, Nephrops, and Periplaneta. 

(c) The distinctive characters of the Chordata groups, and the 
structure, habits, &c., of Myxine, Raia, Rana, Columba, Ornithor- 
hynchus, Macropus, Lepus, Ovis, and Canis. 


618 FTonours at Professional Examinations. 


(7) The skeletons of Crocodilus, Equus, Felis (skull only), Balzena, 
Vespertilio, and Troglodytes. 

(6) A general knowledge of the orders of Mammalia. 

(7) The life-histories of Gregarina, Distoma, Tzenia, Ascaris, 
Trichina, and Filaria. 

(5) The outlines of the development of Amphioxus, Scyllium, and 
Rana, and of the foetal appendages of Gallus and Lepus. 

(4) The principles of the Geographical Distribution of Animals, and 
the Distribution of the Mammalia. 

4. Physics.—(a) Properties of Matter—including Inertia, Gravitation, 
Molecular Forces, &c. 

(ὁ) Abstract Dynamics—including Kinematics and Newton’s Laws of 
Motion, with their consequences as regards Statics and Kinetics of 
Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Bodies, with the Physical Measurement of 
Time. 

(c) Sound and Wave-propagation in general, Intensity, Pitch and 
Quality of Musical Sounds, Harmonics, Concords, &ce. 

(ὦ) Heat, its Nature, Effects, Measurement, Transference and Trans- 
formations—Measurement of Temperature and of absolute Tempera- 
ture, Thermodynamics. 

(e) Light (1), Geometrical Optics, Speed of Light, Laws of Reflec- 
tion and Refraction, Construction and Effects of Mirrors, Prisms, 
Lenses, and Microscopes, Images, Conditions of Distinct Vision. (2) 
Physical Optics—Interference, Dispersion, Diffraction, Double Refrac- 
tion, Polarisation, Spectrum Analysis. 

(7) Electricity, including Frictional and Voltaic Electricity, Thermo- 
and Magneto-Electricity, Electro-Dynamics and Magnetism, with their 
practical applications. Measurements of Potential, Electromotive 
Force, Current, &c., Batteries, Dynamos, Electrometers, Galvano- 
meters, Voltameters, &c. 


HONOURS AT PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATIONS. 


Candidates who have displayed special merit at any of the Profes- 
sional Examinations will be announced as having passed that Examina- 
tion “‘ with distinction.” 

Candidates who have displayed special merit at each of the Pro- 
fessional Examinations will be announced, at the time of the Graduation, 
as having obtained First or SECOND CLAss Honours, according to 
the merit that has been displayed. 


SPONSIO ACADEMICA FOR GRADUATES IN MEDICINE. 


Ego Doctoratus in Arte Medica titulo jam donandus, sancte 
coram Deo cordium scrutatore, spondeo, me in omni grati animi officio 
erga Universitatem Academicam Edinburgensem ad extremum vite 
halitum perseveraturum. 

Tum porro Artem Medicam caute, caste, probeque exercitaturum, et 


Graduation in Medicine—Fees for Degrees. 619 


quoad potero, omnia ad zegrotorum corporum salutem conducentia cum 
fide procuraturum. Que, denique, inter medendum visa vel audita 
sileri conveniat, non sine gravi causa vulgaturum. 

Ita praesens spondenti adsit Numen. 


FEES FOR EXAMINATIONS. 


FEES FOR M.B. AND CH.B. 
Fee for the First Division of the Examination, viz., 
Botany, Zoology, Physics, and Chemistry. : 46 6 Ὁ 
or 
For any two of the subjects é : [hei 3) Ὁ 
For the other two subjects : ᾿ 3) 3.10 
For the Second Division, viz., Anatomy, Physiology, 


and Materia Medica and Therapeutics 6 6 0 
or 
For Anatomy and Physiology . : 34 4 ο 
For Materia Medica and Therapeutics 2 Ὁ 
For the Third Division, viz., Pathology, and Medical 
Jurisprudence and Public Health : : : Ἅ Ἢ Ὁ 
For the Final Division, viz., Surgery and Clinical 
Surgery, {Medicine and Clinical Medicine, and 
Midwifery . ᾿ ὃ 5 ὃ . 5 » (6.650 
£23 .2. Ὁ 


Any Candidate who fails to pass in one or more of the subjects, 
pays 41, 15. for re-examination in each subject. 

Candidates who, under the proviso in Section XI. of the Regulations, 
are exempted from the first division of the Examination, are required, 
after passing the final division of the Examination, to pay a fee of 
£6, 6s. before they can be admitted to the Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B. 


Fee for M.D. ; : ‘ 1 5 see 410) 10m 
Fee for Ch.M. : : , - F ἢ : 410.10) Ὁ 
Fee for D.Sc. - : : : 410 10 O 

Any Candidate who fails to pass the Examinations for the Degree of 
M.D. or for the Degree of Ch.M., or for the Degree of D.Sc., is 
required to pay a Fee of £5, §s. for each re-appearance. 

Every Candidate for Examination or Graduation must be a Matri- 
culated Student of the year in which he appears for Examination or 
Graduation. He is also required to pay the fee of £1 for Registration 
as a Member of the General Council, if not already a Member. 

NV. B.—The above Fees include all charges for the Diplomas, and 
Graduates are requested to apply personally for their Diplomas at the 
Matriculation Office between 12 and 4 on the day of graduation. Any 
Graduate who cannot appear personally is required to give written 
authority to some person to receive and give a receipt for his Diploma. 


620 Graduation in Medicine—Dates of Examinations. 


TIME-TABLE OF EXAMINATIONS. 


The dates of the Examinations for 1896-97 have been fixed as follows, 
and Candidates are required to assemble in the Examination Hall at 
the University a quarter of an hour before the time fixed for examination. 


PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 
See Time-Table and Dates of Entering, &c., pages 613 and 614. 


PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATIONS. 


Candidates are required to enter their names and to pay the fees for 
the Examinations at the Matriculation Office, University (Old) Build- 
ings, at the stated periods, and afterwards to exhibit their Certificates 
and Matriculation Cards at that Office. Certificates only will be re- 
ceived as evidence of attendance. 


First PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION.! 


This Examination takes place in March and July. Candidates may 
be admitted to Examination in all or in any two subjects, after they 
have attended a full course in each of the subjects professed. 

1897. 

Mar. 9. Tu. Names to be given in, and Fees paid, ογ or before 
this date. 

» 19. Fri. Certificates to be examined. 

55 20. Sat. Practical Chemistry Examination begins at hours 

to be announced (also on subsequent days if 
necessary). 


Written Examinations. 
5, 22. Mon, Chemistry at 10 o’clock; Botany at 1 o’clock. 
5, 23. Tu. Zoology at 10 o’clock ; Physics at 1 o’clock. 
24. Wed, Oral Examinations begin. 


July Examinations. 


July 9. Fri. Names to be given in, and Fees paid on or before 
this date. 
» 16, Fri. Certificates to be examined. 
»» 17. Sat. Practical Chemistry Examination begins at hours 
to be announced (also on subsequent days if 


necessary). 
,, 19. Mon. Chemistry at 10 o'clock ; Botany at 1 o'clock. 
παν ΟΠ: Zoology at 10 o’clock ; Physics at 1 o’clock. 


» 21. Wed. Oral Examinations begin. 


1 If names are not entered or Fees paid, or Certificates shown, on or before the 
stated dates, a late-entry fee of ten shillings must be paid before the Candidate 
can be admitted to Examination. A Candidate is not held to have entered for the 
Examination until his Name is entered, all the necessary Certificates, &c., lodged, 
and the Fee paid. 


Graduation in Medicine—Dates of Examinations. 621 


SECOND PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION,! 
This Examination takes place in March and July. Candidates who 
have passed the First Examination may be admitted to this Examina- 
tion at the end of their Third Winter Session. 


March Examinations. 
Mar. 15. Mon. Names to be given in, and Fees paid ox or before 
this date. 
.» 24. Wed. Certificates to be examined. 


Written Examinations. 
», 26. Fri, Anatomy at 10 o’clock ; Physiology at 1 o’clock. 
»» 27. Sat. Materia Medica and Therapeutics at 10 o’clock. 
Oral Examinations begin. 
Candidates may postpone their Examination in Materia Medica and 
Therapeutics until the close of the Summer Session following. 


July Examinations. 
July 15. Thur. Names to be given in, and Fees paid on or before 
this date. 
»» 21. Wed. Certificates to be examined. 
Written Examination. 
July 23. Fri. Anatomy at 10 o'clock ; Physiology at 1 o’clock. 
oy. 2b “SE Materia Medica and Therapeutics at 10 o’clock. 
Oral Examinations begin. 


THIRD PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION.! 

This Examination takes place in March and July, and Candidates 
who have passed the Second Examination may be admitted to this 
Examination at the end of their Fourth Winter Session. 

Mar. 25. Thur. Names to be given in, and Fees paid oz or before 
this date. 

36: ΤῸ: Certificates to be examined. 

Written Examinations. 
Apr. 2. Fri. Pathology at 10 0’clock ; Medical Jurisprudence and 
Public Health at 1 o'clock. 

δῇ 3: oat. Oral Examinations begin. 

Candidates may postpone their Examination in Medical Jurisprudence 
and Public Health until the close of the Summer Session following. 


1897. Written Examination. 
July 20. Tu. Namesto be given in and Fees paid ov or before this 
date. 


5, 26. Mon. Certificates to be examined. 

», 27. Tu. Pathology at 10 o'clock. Medical Jurisprudence 
and Public Health at 1 o’clock. 

», 28. Wed. Oral Examinations begin. 


1 See footnote, page 620, 


622 Graduation in Medicine—Dates of Examinations, 


FourRTH OR FINAL PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION,! 


This Examination takes place in May and June, and may be taken 
when the Candidate has passed the Third Examination, and has com- 
pleted his Fifth year of Medical Study. 


April 13. Tu. Names to be given in and Fees paid ov or before this 
date. 


9» 14. Wed. Ni ee eS : 
τ: πῆ ἢ Certificates to be examined. 


Written Examinations. 
May 4. Tu. — Clinical Medicine Examinations begin. 
June 21. Mon. Medicine at 10 o'clock. 
» 22. Tu. Surgery at 10 o'clock ; Midwifery at 1 o’clock. 
», 23. Wed. Oral Examinations begin. : 
Clinical Surgery Examination begins. 


1897. DEGREE OF Docror OF MEDICINE.! 


April 30. Fri. Theses to be lodged, Certificates shown, and Fees 
paid ov or before this date. 


Examinations. 
July 7. Wed. Names to be entered and Fees paid by Candidates for 
Clinical Examination only oz ov before this date. 
»» 21. Wed. Clinical Medicine Examination begins. 


1897. DEGREE OF MASTER OF SURGERY.! 


April 30. Fri. Theses to be lodged, Certificates shown, and Fees 
paid on or before this date. 


Examinations. 
July 7 Wed. Names to be entered and Fees paid by Candidates for 
Clinical Examination only oz or before this date. 
21. Wed. Surgical Anatomy, Operations on the dead body. 
Clinical Surgery Examinations begin. 

5, 22. Thur. Names to be given in for Graduation, and the Regis- 
tration Fee (if not previously registered) paid ov 
or before this date.? 

Aug. 2. Mon. GRADUATION CEREMONIAL at 10 A.M. Graduands 
to assemble at 8.45 A.M. 


Information relative to Matriculation and the Curriculum of Study, 
and the Subjects of Examinations for Degrees in Medicine and Surgery, 
and for Fellowships, Scholarships, Bursaries, Prizes, &c., &c., may be 
obtained on application to the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, 
University New Buildings. 

The fees for Matriculation, for Examinations for Degrees, and for 


1 See footnote, page 620. 


Graduation in Medicine—Extra-Academical Teachers. 623 


Registration as Member of the General Council of the University, 
are payable at the Matriculation Office, University (Old) Buildings. 
Candidates may pay the fees personally, or transmit them to T. 
GILBERT, University, Edinburgh, by Post Office or Postal Orders, or 
by Bank Drafts, crossed “" Union Bank of Scotland (Hunter Square 
Branch), Edinburgh,” and not by cheques on private accounts. A 
Candidate is not held to be entered until his schedule is lodged, the fee 
paid, his certificates examined, and a pass to the Examination obtained. 


EXTRA-ACADEMICAL TEACHERS. 


REGULATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY COURT RELATIVE TO 
CERTIFICATES OF ATTENDANCE, 


-The Certificate of Attendance granted to Students by recognised 
Extra-Academical Teachers, should, in all cases, state the number of 
Lectures, or of Meetings for Practical Instruction, in the Course; the 
number of occasions on which attendance was ascertained ; and the 
number of those occasions on which the Student was present, and in 
what further respects he duly performed the work of the class. The 
Certificate should also state the general scope of the Course; and, in 
particular, in the case of Chemistry, that the Course included Organic 
as well as Inorganic Chemistry ; in the case of J/dwzfery, that it in- 
cluded the Diseases of Women and Children; and, in the case of 
Practical Materia Medica, that it included Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy, 
Dispensing, and the writing of Prescriptions. 


EXTRA-ACADEMICAL TEACHERS, WHOSE LECTURES 
QUALIFY FOR GRADUATION IN THIS UNIVERSITY. 


ABERYSTWYTH. 
Date of Recognition. 
J. Ainsworth Davis, M.A. Natural History, 28 July 1886. 
D. Morgan Lewis Physics, 16 July 1894. 
J. H. Salter, B.Sc. oe εὖ 30 Oct. 1893. 
emistry ἃ Prac- ἜΝ 2 
H. Lloyd Snape, D.Sc. ; δ: \ 19 March 1888, 


BANGOR. 


(ier: ἃ Prac- ἢ 


tical Chemistry, J 30 τ γεῖθ δ, 


James J. Dobbie, D.Sc., 


Andrew Gray, Physics, 26 Oct. 1892. 

Reginald W. Phillips, M.A., Botany, 30 May 1885. 

Philip J. White, M.B., Natural History, 9 Dec. 1889. 
BELFAST. 


R. O. Cunningham, M.D., Zoology, 18 Feb. 1895. 


624 Graduation in Medicine—Extra-Academical Teachers. 


BIRMINGHAM. 
Date of Recognition. 
By [Alien NON { Physiology ἃ Prac- Ἵ 
J yay IN yaar A tically ΟΝ 12 Dec. 1887 
T. W. Bridge, M.A., Zoology, 9 July 1883. 
Percy ἘΞ Bink: Chemistry & Prac- . 
ercy rankland, tical Chemistry, 16 July 1894 
W. Hillhouse, M.A., Botany, 26 Noy. 1883. 
J. H. Poynting, D.Sc., Physics, 12 June 1893. 
7 3 17 Nov. 1884. 
Bertram C. A. Windle, M.D., Anatomy, { Oct. 1888. 
BRISTOL. 
G. Munro Smith, L.R.C.P., f Physiology & Prac- | 
M.R.CS. \ tical Physiology, J? amie 
(Certificates for two consecutive Lecture Courses required.) 
CARDIFF. 
John Berry Haycraft, M.D., Physiology, 16 July 1894. 
A. W. Hughes, M.B., Anatomy, 16 July 1894. 
J. V. Jones, M.A., B.Sc:, Physics, 16 July 1894. 
W. N.-Parker, Ph.D., Natural History, 28 July 18386. 
Professor Selby, Physics, 
Claud M. Thompson, M.A., { Chemistry ἃ Prac- 
ΤΈΣΣ tical Chemistry, \ 28 July 1886. 
(Lecture Course may be divided between two consecutive Sessions.) 
A. H. Trow, B.Sc., Botany, 16 July 1894. 
CORK. 
J. J. Charles, M.D., D.Sc., Physiology, 18 Feb. 1895. 


(Qualifying Course to embrace ““ Ordinary Course” and Course for 
Senior Students.) 


Marcus Hartog, M.D., D.Sc., Zoology, 18 Mar. 1895. 
DUBLIN. 
A. C. Haddon, M.A., Natural History, 23 Jan. 1888. 
Chs. R. C. Tichborne, Ph.D., Practical Chemistry, 28 Feb. 1881. 
EDINBURGH. 
A. P. Aitken, D.Sc., Chemistry & Prac! 59 Oct, 1888, 
| tical Chemistry, 
J. O. Affleck, M.D., Practice of Physic, 8 Dec. 1879. 
Byrom Bramwell, M.D., Practice of Physic, 18 Oct. 1880. 
Anatomy & Prac- 8 
J. Macdonald Brown, M.B., ficalaantonae } 18 July 1884. 
Pathology & Prac- 887. 
Alexander Bruce, M.D., ticalsPathiolees! } 24 January 1837 
ἌΡ" { Practical Materia d 
A. G. Bruce, ΜΕΤ 18 June 1894 


Graduation in Medicine—Extra-Academical Teachers. 625 


EDINBURGH—continued. Date of Recognition. 
ae M. Caird, M.B.,\ Surgery, 13 August 1886. 
ie Materia Medica & | 
Wm. Craig, M.D., frie! Materia Meds 14 July 1879. 
: { Chemistry and 8 March 1880. 
T. W. Drinkwater, Ph.D. | Practical Chemistry, 14 July 1879. 
John Duncan, M.D., Clinical Surgery, 28 July 1886. 
William Duncan, Prac. Materia Med., 12 April 1886. 
: Practical Materia ἶ 
ἘΣ Sakry, M.B:, Medica: Oct. 1895. 
George A. Gibson, M.D., Practice of Physic, 9 Dec. 1889. 
David Berry Hart, M.D., Midwifery, 22 Oct. 1894. 
wo M. εν Midwifery, 15 June 1801. 
J. W. B. Hodsdon, M.D., Surgery, 3 August 1888. 
: Chemistry & Prac-) ,, 0, 
John Hunter, F.LC., &c., { Pee Chemisty p22 Oct. 1894. 
Alex. James, M.D., Practice of Physic, 3 August 1888. 
Alexander Johnstone, Botany, 26 Oct. 1892. 
pa 5 Chemistry & Prac- ἢ τοῦ 

J. Falconer King, F.C.S., Ἐπ ΣΉΝ ies Nov. ay 

᾿ f Pathology, 26 Oct. 1892. 
Renee Ca eeith, MIB:; B.Sc.; \ Prac. Pathology, 13 June 1892. 
H. D. Littlejohn, M.D., Med. Jurisprudence, before 1861. 


Stevenson Macadam, Ph.D., eg \ before 1861, 
stry, 


W. Ivison Macadam, F.R.S.E. { Chemistry & Prac- |, July 1888. 
(_ tical Chemistry, 9 

A. N. M‘Alpine, B.Sc., Botany, 8 March 188o. 
Chas. W. MacGilli M.D. Pics : I 

a P. Hi M'Laren, M.B,, Clinical Surgery, 14 Nov. 1892. 
George Mackay, M.D., Ophthalmology, 13 July 1896. 
J. S. M‘Laren, M.B., Surgery, 26 Oct. 1892. 

: : ; { Anatomy and Prac- ἢ ᾿ 

Alexander Miles, M.D., po Aastonya | 12 Feb. 1894. 
~ Alexander G. Miller, M.D., Clinical Surgery, 3 August 1888. 


R. Milne Murray, M.B., Midwifery, 13 August 1886. 
James Musgrove, M.D., Anatomy, 16 July 1894. 

ἰςς Physiology and 24 Oct. 1887. 
D. Noel Paton, M.D., | Prac. Physiology, 19 March 1888. 
R. W. Philip, M.D., Medicine, 16 July 1894. 
J. B. Readman, D.Sc., Practical Chemistry, 17 Dec. 1888. 

7]: > Pathology & Prac- εἰ 

William Russell, M.D., ealkbaholean 6 August 1887. 


2 Materiz ica & 
Ralph Stockman, M.D., Hea rer rang 9 Dec. 1889, 


2K 


626 


EDINBURGH—continued. 
Alexis Thomson, M.D., 
J. Arthur Thomson, M.A., 
J. Batty Tuke, M.D., Edinr., 
and John Macpherson, 
M.D., Larbert 
Rk. Turnbull, B.Sc., 
Dawson F. D. Turner, M.D. 
J. R. Whitaker, M.B., 
William Wood, M.B., 
John Wyllie, M.D., 


John Barlow, M.D., 
D. Campbell Black, 
A. M. Buchanan, M.D., 


R. M. Buchanan, M.D., 


ΕΓ ἘΠ Clark, eM, 
James Dunlop, M.D., 
Samson Gemmell, M.D., 
Rem ient. Hele Gase, 


R. Barclay Ness, 
Alex. Robertson, M.D., 
John Lindsay Steven, M.D., 


G. B. Howes, 


Graduation in Medicine—Old Regulations. 


Date of Recognition. 


Surgery, 
Natural History, 


Mental Diseases, 


Botany, 


, Physics, 


Anatomy, 
Prac. Materia Med., 
Practice of Physic, 
GLASGOW. 
Physiology, 
{ Prac. Physiology, 
Physiology, 
Anatomy and Prac- 
tical Anatomy, 
f Medical Jurispru- } 
(dence, 
Surgery, 
Surgery, 
Practice of Physic, 
Practical Anatomy, 
Materia Medica & 
Prac. Materia Med. 
Practice of Physic, 
Pathology & Prac- 
tical Pathology, 
LONDON. 
Natural History, 


NOTTINGHAM. 


Je Wi; Carr, ΝΜ, Ἂς; 
Frank Clowes, D.Sc., 


Botany, 


J§ Chemistry ἃ Hees 


{tical Chemistry, 


SHEFFIELD. 


W. Carlton Williams, B.Sc., 


Chemistry & Prac- 
tical Chemistry, 


B.—REGULATIONS FOR GRADUATION 


30 Oct. 1893. 
28 July 1886. 


13 July 1896. 


18 Feb. 1895. 
20 March 1893. 
16 July 1894. 
15 June 1893. 
20 Dec. 1878. 


26 Noy. 1883. 
8 January 1890. 
15 July 1895. 


} 12 Oct. 1874. 


13 July 1896. 


12 Feb. 1894. 
12 Oct. 1874. 
18 July 1881. 
18 Dec. 1893. 


16 Dec. 1895. 
15 June 1801. 
10 April 1893. 


18 July 1887. 


16 Jan. 1893. 
9 Dec. 1889. 


} 26 Nov. 1883. 


IN MEDI- 


CINE AND SURGERY, APPLICGABEES TO. ALE 
WHO COMMENCED THEIR MEDICAL STUDIES 
BEFORE ist OCTOBER 1892. 


Three Degrees in Medicine and Surgery are conferred by the 
University of Edinburgh—viz., Bachelor of Medicine (M.B.), 


Graduation in Medicine—Old Regulations. 624 


Master in Surgery (C.M.), and Doctor of Medicine (M.D.). The 
Degree of Master in Surgery is not conferred on any person 
who does not at the same time obtain the Degree of Bachelor of 
Medicine. 

These Degrees admit to the General Council of the Univer- 
sity, and to the Medical Register. They qualify for Practice 
throughout Her Majesty’s dominions, and for admission to the 
Military, Naval, and other Public Medical Services in the 
United Kingdom. 

All Candidates must give evidence of having obtained a 
satisfactory General Education. 


PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 
See Time-Table of Examinations, Dates for Entering and Payment 
of Fees, &c., pp. 613 and 614. 

I. The preliminary branches of extra-professional education 
are English, Latin, Arithmetic, the Elements of Mathematics, 
and the Elements of Mechanics; and the proficiency of Students 
in these branches is ascertained by examination, prior to the 
commencement of their medical study. 

II. No Candidate is admitted to a professional examination 
who has not passed a satisfactory examination on at least two of 
the following subjects (in addition to the subjects mentioned 
above) :—Greek, French, German, Higher Mathematics, Natural 
Philosophy, Logic, Moral Philosophy; and the examination on 
these latter subjects also takes place before the candidate has 
entered on his Medical Curriculum. 

III. A Degree in Arts (not being an Honorary Degree) in any 
one of the Universities of England, Scotland, or Ireland, or in 
any Colonial or Foreign University, specially recognised for 
this purpose by the University Court, exempts from all prelimi- 
nary examination; and an Examination in Arts by any corporate 
body, whose examination has been recognised as qualifying for 
entrance on medical study by resolution of the General Medical 
Council of the United Kingdom, provided the said examination 
by the said corporate body shall be also approved by the Uni- 
versity Court, shall exempt, 270 Zanto, from preliminary examina- 
tion in Arts, on the subjects comprised in the said examination 
of the said corporate body.! 

Optional Preliminary Subjects of Examination under the Old Regula- 
tions for Bachelors of Medicine who intend to proceed to the Degree 
‘1 The Dean of the Faculty will give information regarding examinations which 


exempt from the Preliminary Examination ; and see CALENDAR for 1892-93, and pre- 
vious Calendars, for examinations which exempt. 


628 Graduation in Medicine— Old Regulations. 


to 


of Doctor of Medicine, and for those who commenced the Study of 
Medicine by attendance on Medical Classes before ist October 1892, 
from Autumn 1896 to Spring 1898 inclusively. 


Each Candidate is required to pay a fee of Ios. 6d. for each appear- 
ance at the Preliminary Examination. 

I. GREEK.—Xenophon, Cyropaedia, Book VII. Some easy sentences 
of English will be set to be translated into Greek. 

2. FRENCH.— Alphonse Daudet’s Le fetit Chose, premicre partie 
(Hachette & Co.). An easy passage in English will be given for trans- 
lation into French. 

3. GERMAN.—Homann, Deutsche Marchen, Nos. 8-14. An easy 
passage in English will be given for translation into German. 

4. HIGHER MATHEMATICS.—Same as Higher Mathematics for the 
Preliminary Examination for the Degree in Arts. 

5. NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.—(i.) Properties of matter—Elasticity, 
Density, Porosity, Capillarity, ἄς. (2.) Elementary phenomena of 
Sound, Light, Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism. Text-Books recom- 
mended—Balfour Stewart’s Elementary Physics, and Tait’s Properties 
of Matter. 

6. Locic.— Zither (a) The Elements of Deductive and Inductive 
Logic, as in Fowler or Jevons; ov (ὁ) Professor Campbell Fraser’s 
Selections from Berkeley, Editor’s ‘‘ Historical Introduction,” Author’ 5 
Principles of Human Knowledge, and Divine Visual Language: A 
Dialogue. 

7. MorRAL PutLosopHy.—Professor Calderwood’s Handbook of 
Moral Philosophy. 


PROFESSIONAL EDU GATION: 


IV. No one is admitted to the DEGREES of BACHELOR of 
MEDICINE and MASTER in SURGERY who has not been engaged 
in Medical and Surgical study for four years—the Medical 
Session of each year, or Annus Medicus, being constituted by at 
least two Courses of not less than one hundred lectures each, or 
by one such Course, and two Courses of not less than fifty 
lectures each; with the exception of the Clinical Courses, in 
which lectures are to be given at least twice a week during the 
prescribed periods. 

V. Every Candidate for the Degrees of M.B. and C.M. must 
give sufficient evidence by certificates—? 

1. That he has studied each of the following departments of Medical 
Science, viz., 

No Course of Lectures will be allowed to qualify unless the Lecturer certifies 
that it has embraced at léast 100 lectures or 50 lectures, in conformity with the 
requirements of this section. Three Months’ courses on Materia Medica, Pathology, 
and Midwifery do not qualify. 


—,~ 


»-- 


Graduation in Medicine—Old Regu.ations. 6209 


ANATOMY, 3 
CHEMISTRY, . 4 | 
MATERIA MEDICA, 3 Ἶ : 
INSTITUTES OF MEDICINE OR PHYSIOLOGY, | 
PRACTICE OF MEDICINE, 
SURGERY, . : : : Si 
MIDWIFERY, and the DISEASES peculiar to 
WoMEN and CHILDREN ; two Courses During Courses 
of Midwifery, of Three Months each, | including not less 
being reckoned equivalent to a Six | than One Hundred 
! 
! 


Months’ Course, provided different de- Lectures. 
partments of Obstetric Medicine be 
taught in each of the Courses, . ‘ 
GENERAL PATHOLOGY, or in Schools where 
there is no such Course, a Three Months’ 
Course of Lectures on Morbid Anatomy, | 
together with a Supplemental Course of |! 
Practice of Medicine or Clinical Medicine, 1 
A Course of the same duration as 


PRACTICAL ANATOMY, . those of not less than One Hun- 
dred Lectures above prescribed.t 
PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY, . Three Months. 


( Courses of the same duration, as 
| those of not less than One Hun- 

CLINICAL MEDICINE, . 4 dred Lectures above prescribed, or 

CLINICAL SURGERY, | Two Courses of Three Months, 

| Lectures being given at least 
twice a week. 

During Courses in- 
cluding not less 
than Fifty Lec- 
tures. 


MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE, 
BoTANny, . , : : : 
NATURAL HIsTory, including ZooLocy, 


2. That he has attended for at least two years the Medical and Surgical 
Practice of a General Hospital which accommodates not fewer than 
eighty patients, and possesses a distinct staff of Physicians and Surgeons. 

3. That he has attended during a Course of not less than fifty hours’ 
instruction the Class of Practical Materia Medica and Pharmacy in the 
University of Edinburgh, or a similar class conducted ina University or 
recognised School of Medicine, or a similar Class conducted at the 
Laboratory of an Hospital or Dispensary, or elsewhere, by a Teacher 
recognised by the University Court under Section VI. Sub-section 4 ; 


1 Certificates of attendance on Practical Anatomy must express not only the num- 
ber of months engaged in dissection, but the names of the parts dissected, and the 
degree of care with which the dissections have been made. Students are recom- 
mended not to appear for examination in Anatomy, with a view to a Degree, until 
they have dissected the human body at least once. 


630 Graduation in Medicine—Old Regulations. 


or, that he has been engaged by apprenticeship,! for not less than two 
years, with a Registered Medical Practitioner, or a Member of the 
Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, or a Member of the Phar- 
maceutical Society of Ireland, or a Pharmaceutical Chemist, or Chemist 
and Druggist, registered under the provisions of the ‘‘ Act for regulating 
the qualifications of Pharmaceutical Chemists, 1852,” ‘‘ The Pharmacy 
Act, 1868,” or ‘‘ The Pharmacy Act (Ireland), 1875,” in the dona fide 
compounding and dispensing of Drugs, and the preparation of their 
officinal and other Preparations under his superintendence. 

4. That he has attended, for at least six months, by apprenticeship 
or otherwise, the out-practice of an Hospital, or the practice of a 
Dispensary, Physician, Surgeon, or Member of the London or Dublin 
Society of Apothecaries. 

5. That he has attended at least twelve cases of labour under the 
superintendence of a registered Medical Practitioner ; or that he has 
attended six such cases, and also has attended for at least three 
months the practice of a Midwifery Hospital in which practical in- 
struction is regularly given. 

6. That he has attended, during courses of not less than fifty hours’ 
instruction, Classes of Practical Physiology and Practical Pathology in 
the University of Edinburgh, or in a University or School of Medicine 
recognised by Sub-sections 2 and 4 of Section VI. of Ordinance No. 8, 
Edinburgh No. 3, or upon Classes thereof, conducted by a Teacher 
recognised by the University Court under the said Sub-section 4. 


VI. The studies of Candidates for the Degrees of Bachelor of 
Medicine and Master in Surgery are subject to the following 
Regulations :— 


I. One of the four years of Medical and Surgical study, required by 
Section IV., must be in the University of Edinburgh. 

2. Another of such four years of Medical and Surgical study must be 
either in the University of Edinburgh, or in some other University 
entitled to give the Degree of Doctor of Medicine. 

3. Attendance during at least six winter months on the Medical or 
Surgical Practice of a General Hospital, which accommodates at least 
eighty patients, and, during the same period, on a course of Practical 
Anatomy, may be reckoned as one of such four years, and to that extent 
shall be held equivalent to one year’s attendance on Courses of Lectures 
as above prescribed. 

4. One year’s attendance on the Lectures of Teachers of Medicine in 
the Hospital Schools of London (including the Professors in the Faculty 
of Science, in subjects required for graduation, in King’s College and 
University College, London), or in the School of the College of 
Surgeons in Dublin, or of such Teachers of Medicine in Edinburgh, or 


1 Apprenticeship, Dispensary or Hospital Practice, Practical Midwifery, and 
Vaccination, &c., are not reckoned as Classes in making up an Annus Medicus. 


Graduation in Medicine 


Old Regulations. 631 


elsewhere, as may from time to time be recognised by the University 
Court, may be reckoned as one of such four years, and to that extent 
shall be held as attendance on Courses of Lectures as above prescribed. 

5. Candidates may, to the extent of Four of the Departments of 
Medical Study required by Section V., Sub-section 1, attend in such 
year or years of their Medical and Surgical studies, as may be most con- 
venient to them, the Lectures of the Teachers of Medicine specified in 
the foregoing Sub-section 4. 

[Thus, Students of Medicine in the London Schools and in the 
School of the College of Surgeons in Dublin can obtain there 
two Anni Medici out of the four required for the Edinburgh 
Degrees in Medicine. Courses of Lectures in these Schools, 
and the Courses of the Medical Teachers and of the Science 
Teachers in King’s College and in University College, 
London, in the Subjects of Graduation, are regarded as 
equivalent to Lectures on the corresponding subjects in 
this University, except Materia Medica and Midwifery, 
which, when only three months’ Courses, are not received as 
equivalent. One Annus Medicus may be constituted by 
attendance on Practical Anatomy and Hospital Practice 
during the Winter Session. Another Annus Medicus by 
attending either (a) full Winter Courses on any two of the 
following subjects: Anatomy, Physiology, Chemistry, Patho- 
logy, Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Surgery, Clinical Medicine ; 
or (4) on one such Course and two three months’ Courses on 
any of the following subjects: Botany, Practical Chemistry, 
Natural History, Medical Jurisprudence. If the Student 
selects the arrangement prescribed in (a), attendance on a third 
Course, although unnecessary to constitute an Azz, will also 
be accepted. The other subjects, and the additional Courses, 
not given in London or Dublin, necessary for the degrees of 
the University, require to be attended at this University. 

In Provincial Schools, where there are no Lecturers recog- 

nised by the University Court, a Candidate can have only One 

Annus Medicus, and this is constituted by attendance on a 

Qualified Hospital along with a course of Practical Anatomy, 

but in a Provincial School where there are two or more 

Lecturers recognised by this University, a Second Aznus 

Medicus may be made by attendance on at least two six months’, 

or one six months’ and two three months’, recognised Courses, 

6. All Candidates not Students of the University, availing themselves 

of the permission to attend the Lectures of Extra-Academical Teachers 

in Edinburgh, must, at the commencement of each year of such attend- 

ance, enrol their names in a book to be kept by the University for that 

purpose, paying a Fee of the same amount as the Matriculation Fee paid 

by Students of the University, and having, in respect of such payment, a 
right to the use of the Library of the University. 


632 Graduation in Medicine—Old Regulations. 


7. The Fee for attendance on the Lectures of an Extra-Academical 
Teacher in Edinburgh, with a view to Graduation, must be of the same 
amount as that exigible by Medical Professors in the University. 

[Zhe Fee must be paid at the commencement of the Course, and Cerlifi- 

cate must state the amount of the fee pazd.) 

8. No Teacher is recognised who is at the same time a Teacher of 
more than one of the prescribed branches of study, except in those cases 
where Professors in the University are at liberty to teach two branches. 

9. It is not necessary for any Teacher, attendance on whose Lectures 
was recognised before 1861 for the purposes of Graduation in the 
University, to obtain a new recognition from the University Court ; and 
attendance on the Lectures of every such Teacher will continue to be 
recognised as heretofore. 

το. It is in the power of the University Court, if they shall see cause, 
at any time to withdraw or suspend the recognition of any Teacher or 
Teachers. 

VII. Every Candidate must deliver, before the 31st day of 
March of the year in which he proposes to Graduate, to the 
Dean of the Faculty of Medicine— 

1. A declaration, in his own handwriting, that he has completed his 
twenty-first year, [or that he will have completed it on or before the day 
of Graduation, ] and that he will not be, on the day of Graduation, under 
articles of apprenticeship to any Surgeon or other master. (This de- 
claration, along with a statement of studies, is appended to the Schedule 
for the Final Examination, and must be attested and signed before the 


Schedule is given in.) 
2. A statement of his studies, as well in Literature and Philosophy as 


in Medicine, accompanied with proper certificates. 


PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATIONS. 

VIII. Each Candidate is examined, both in writing and viva 
voce—Firstly, on Chemistry, Botany, and Natural History ; 
Secondly, on Anatomy, Institutes of Medicine, Materia Medica 
[including Practical Pharmacy and Prescribing], and Pathology ; 
Thirdly, on Surgery, Practice of Medicine, Midwifery, and 
Medical Jurisprudence ; Fourthly, Clinically on Medicine and 
on Surgery in an Hospital. The examinations on Anatomy, 
Chemistry, Institutes of Medicine, Botany, Natural History, 
Materia Medica and Pathology are conducted, as far as 
possible, by demonstrations of objects placed before the 
candidates. 

IX. Students who profess themselves ready to submit to an 


Graduation in Medicine—Old Regulations. 633 


examination in the first division of these subjects may be ad- 
mitted to examination therein at the first period of examination 
after they have completed their attendance on the necessary 
classes: provided always that it shall be lawful for students to 
proceed to examination in the said subjects under one or more 
of the following sub-divisions, namely—(a) Botany and Natural 
History, (4) Chemistry (including Practical Chemistry), (c) 
Botany and Chemistry (including Practical Chemistry), or (@) 
Natural History and Chemistry (including Practical Chemistry), 
at the first period of examination after they have completed 
attendance on the relative classes ; and to proceed to examina- 
tion in the remaining subject or subjects at a subsequent period 
of examination. 

X. Students who have passed their examination on the first 
division of these subjects, may be admitted to examination on 
the second division at the end of their third year. 

XI. The examination on the third and fourth divisions cannot 
take place until the candidate has completed his fourth Anus 
Medicus. 

XII. Candidates may, if they choose, be admitted to examina- 
tion on the first two of these divisions at the end of their third 
year, or to the four examinations at the end of their fourth year. 


[Thus, Candidates for the First Professional Examination, after 
they have completed attendance on the necessary Classes, may 
appear for Examination in all the subjects, or they may appear 
for Examination in one or more of the separate sub-divisions 
mentioned in Section IX.; for the Second Professional Ex- 
amination attendance for three complete Axnz Aedict 15 
required ; and for the Final Professional Examination, four 
complete Axi Medici are required. Qualifying courses must 
have been attended on all the subjects of each division or 
sub-division of Examination previously to the Candidate 
being admitted to examination in that division. ] 


XIII. If any Candidate at these examinations be found un- 
qualified, he cannot be again admitted to examination unless he 
has studied, during another year, two of the prescribed subjects,} 
either in the University, or in some other School of Medicine. 


1 Satisfactory Certificates must be produced as evidence of such study. 


634 Graduation in Medicine—Old Regulations. 


DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MEDICINE: 


XVII. The Degree of DocroR OF MEDICINE may be con- 
ferred on any candidate who has obtained the Degrees of Bachelor 
of Medicine and Master in Surgery, and is of the age of twenty- 
four years, and produced a certificate of having been engaged 
subsequently to his having received the Degrees of Bachelor of 
Medicine and Master in Surgery, for at least two years in 
attendance on an Hospital, or in the Military or Naval Medical 
Services, or in Medical and Surgical Practice: 

Provided always that the Degree of Doctor of Medicine shall 
not be conferred on any person, unless he be a Graduate in Arts 
of one of the Universities of England, Scotland, or Ireland, or of 
such other Universities as are above specified [Section III.], or 
unless he shall, before or at the time of his obtaining the 
Degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Master in Surgery, or 
thereafter, have passed a satisfactory examination on ¢iree of the 
subjects mentioned in Section II. of the Statutes relative to Pre- 
liminary Examination. Two of these must be Greek, and either 
Logic or Moral Philosophy, and the third must be one of the 
following subjects at the option of the Candidate—namely, 
French, German, Higher Mathematics, and Natural Philosophy. 

And provided also that the candidate for the Degree of Doctor 
of Medicine shall submit to the Faculty of Medicine a Thesis, cer- 
tified by him to have been composed by himself, and which shall 
be approved by the Faculty, on any branch of knowledge com- 
prised in the professional examinations tor the Degrees of Bachelor 
of Medicine and Master in Surgery, which he may have made a 
subject of study after having received those Degrees. The 
Candidate must lodge his Thesis with the Dean on or before 
30th April of the year in which he proposes to graduate. No 
Thesis will be approved by the Medical Faculty which does not 
contain either the results of original observations in practical 
Medicine, Surgery, Midwifery, or in some of the sciences 
embraced in the curriculum for the Bachelor’s and Master’s 
Degrees ; or else a ful] digest and critical exposition of the 
opinions and researches of others on the subject selected by the 
Candidate, accompanied by precise references to the publica- 
tions quoted, so that due verification may be facilitated.’ 

Candidates, settled for a period of years in foreign parts, who 


1 Candidates are required to write their Theses on faint lined paper, 11 in. by 8% in. 
with margins 1¥ in. at each side. The ‘Lhesis is to be written on one side of each 
leaf only. 


Graduation in Medicine—Fees. 635 


have complied with all the regulations for the Degree of M.D., 
but who cannot appear personally to receive thejDegree, may, 
on satisfying the Senatus to that effect, by production of suffi- 
cient official testimonials, have the Degree conferred on them 
in absence. 

The Regulations regarding Matriculation, Attendance on the 
necessary Classes, Class Examinations, Vaccination, &c., are the 
same as under the New kegulations. 


FEES FOR DEGREES, &c. (OLD REGULATIONS). 
Examination in Botany, Chemistry, Chemical Testing, 


Natural History, 6 £5 2-5: 0 
Examination in Anatomy, Rastitates of Medicine, Wateria 
Medica, Prescriptions, Pathology, - 5 5 0 


Final Examination in Surgery, Midwifery, Practice of 
Physic, Medical Jurisprudence, Clinical Medicine (with 
Prescriptions), Clinical SUES during last Summer 


Session, . ξ 5 A ‘ : 10. 16. Ὁ 
Total Fees for Μ.Β, and C.M. BREN. : £21 ος οο 
Additional Fee for M.D. 5 Geuiale é F : : PRIS  ο 
Matriculation Fee,. . tT st0 
Fee for Registration as a “Member of the Univ ersity 
General Council, if not already a Member, ὃ : I) Ὁ Ὁ 


In the event of the Candidate failing to pass any one of the Profes- 
sional Examinations, the Fee is not returned ; but he may appear at one 
subsequent examination without paying an extra Fee, and at any future 
examination on paying a Fee of £2, 125. 6d. 


TIME-TABLE OF EXAMINATIONS,! &c 
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 
See Time- Table of Examinations, Dates of Entering, &c., 
pages 613 and 614. 


The dates of the Examinations for 1896-97 have been fixed as 
follows, and Candidates are required to assemble in the Examination 
Hall at the University a quarter of an hour before the time fixed for 
examination. 


PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATIONS UNDER OLD 
REGULATIONS. 
Candidates are required to present their Certificates for Examina- 


tions at the Office of the Faculty of Medicine, University New Build- 
ings, and to pay the fees at the Matriculation Office. 


1 See footnote, page 620, 


636 Graduation in Medicine—Dates of Examinations. 


Candidates lodging statements of their Courses of Study with the 
Dean of the Faculty, will observe that for all Courses and Subjects 
of Study the Faculty will receive Certificates only as evidence of 
attendance. 


FIRST PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION.! 
1897. 
Mar. 9. Tues. Names to be given in, and Fees paid on or before 
this date. 
» 19. Fri. Certificates to be examined. 
»» 20. Sat. Practical Chemistry begins at hours to be announced. 
(Also on subsequent days if necessary). 


Written Examination. 


»» 22. Mon. Chemistry, 10; Botany, 1. 

» 23. Tues. Zoology, Io. 

», 24. Wed. Oral Examinations begin. 

July 9. Fri. Names to be given in, and Fees paid ov or before 

this date. 

», 16, Fri. Certificates to be examined. 

»» 17. Sat. Practical Chemistry begins at hours to be announced. 
(Also on subsequent days if necessary). 


Written Examination. 


», 19. Mon. Chemistry, 10; Botany, 1. 
35.) 205 = Dues:. Zoology, sro; 
.»» 21. Wed. Oral Examinations begin. 


SECOND PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION.} 


Mar: 15. Mon. Names to be given in, and Fees paid ov or before 
this date. 

», 24. Wed. Certificates to be examined. 
», 206. Fri. Anatomy, 10; Physiology, 1. 
» 27. sat. Materia Medica, ro. 

Oral Examinations begin. 

April 2. Fri. Pathology, to. 

»» 3+ Sat. Oral Examination begins. 

July 15. Thur. Names to be given in, Certificates shown, and Fees 
paid for the Examination in July oz or before 
this date. 

», 21. Wed. Certificates to be examined. 

», 23. Fri. Anatomy, 10; Physiology, 1. 

»» 24. Sat. Materia Medica, 10; Oral Examinations begin. 
1 127: eles: ss bathologyssro: 

», 28. Wed. Oral Examination begins. 


1 See footnote, page 620. 


Graduates in Medicine—M.D., 1895. 637 


FINAL PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION.! 


April 13. Tues. Names to be given in, and Fees paid oz or before 
this date. 

eet: ea | Certificates to be examined. 
May 4. Tu. Clinical Medicine Examinations begin. 
June 21. Mon. Medicine, 10; Medical Jurisprudence, 1. 

» 22. Tues. Surgery, 10-;-Midwifery, 1. 

», 23. Wed. Oral Examinations begin. 

Clinical Surgery Examinations begin. 


DEGREE OF M.D." 

April 30. Fri. Theses to be given in, Certificates shown, and Fees 
paid ov or before this date. 

July 20. Mon. Names to be given in for Graduation and Registra- 
tion Fee (if not previously registered) paid ox or 

before this date. 

Aug. 2. Mon. GRADUATION CEREMONIAL at 10 A.M. Graduands 

are required to assemble at 8.45 A.M. 


DOCTORS OF MEDICINE 


WHO HAVE BEEN AWARDED GOLD MEDALS FOR THEIR THESES 
FROM 1889 TO 1895 INCLUSIVELY.” 


1889. | 1801. 
Herbert H. Ashdown, England | Edmund W. W. Carlier, England 
John W. Ballantyne, Scotland | Vaughan Berkeley Harley, England 


Arthur J. M‘D. Bentley, England | David Hepburn, Scotland 
Kenneth M. Douglas, Scotland | Alexander Miles, Scotland 
Thomas A. Helme, England James Ritchie, Scotland 

Henry Alexis Thomson, Scotland | George Neil Stewart, Scotland 
Joseph Tillie, Scotland John Clarence Webster, Canada 


Herbert F. Waterhouse, England 1892. 
18go. George Sandison Brock, Scotland 
: Alex. Lockhart Gillespie, Scotland 
ἸΌΞΕΒΕ Re | William Aldren Turner, Scotland 
᾽ - | 


G - Arthur John Whiting, England 

a aes Theodore Stacey Wilson, England 
5 (Ee dale nat 8 

Arthur Robinson, England 1893. 

John David Williams, Wales Francis Darby Boyd, Scotland 


1 See footnote, page 620. 
2 The names of those who received Gold Medals prior to 1859 will be found in the 
List of Graduates in Medicine of the University of Edinburgh since its foundation, 
published in 1867, and the names of those who received Gold Medals from 1859 to 
1888, both years included, will be found in the Historical Appendix to List of 
Graduates, published in 1889, pp. 128, 129. 


658 Graduates in Medicine—M.D., 1895. 


James Samuel Risien Russell, |Gustav Mann, India 
Demerara James Acworth Menzies, Scotland 
James Lorrain Smith, Scotland | John Douglas Stanley, Ireland 
John Cleasby Taylor, England | 1895. 
William Ernest Francis Thomson, | Frank Leigh Ehrke, England 
Scotland | Wilfred Vincent Miller Koch, 
1894. Ι Ceylon 
Lewis Campbell Bruce, Scotland Tantee Ritchie, Scotland 
William Menzies Hutton, Scotland Andrew Walker, Scotland 


Doctors OF MEDICINE, ‘WITH THE TITLES OF THEIR THESES, WHO 
GRADUATED ON IST AUGUST 1895. 
*** Obtained Gold Medals for their Dissertations. 
** Deemed worthy of competing for Gold Medals, 
* Commended for thety Dissertations. 


** John  Aijlison, Scotland, ** George Clark Cameron, Scot- 
M.B., C.M., 1886. _Per- land, M.B., C.M., 1888. 
nicious Angemia. | On Rheumatism. 

* James Shirras Anderson, Edward John Walter Car- 
Scotland (M.A.), M.B., ruthers, Scotland, M.B., 
C.M., 1892. <A Case of | C.M., 1891. The Treat- 
Dermatitis Herpetiformis | ment of Hip-Joint Disease 
Multiformis, with several in Children by Excision. 
references to its etiology. James Simpson Clayton, Eng- 

David Anderson-Berry, Scot- land, M.B., C.M., 1882. 
land, M.B., C.M., 1884. Some Clinical Considera- 
Enteric Fever: a_ slight | tions on the Actions of 
Sketch introductory to the Ipecacuanha and_ other 
relation of two cases ex- Emetics. 
hibiting some peculiar 10 Francis Gillies Connor, Aus- 
features of this disease. tralia, M.B., C.M., 1883. 

Arthur Richard Barnes, Eng- The Disorders of Denti- 
land, M.B., 1876. Ring- | tion. 
worm and its Treatment. | William Thomas Crawford, 

5 John Hargreaves Battersby, Scotland (M.A.), M.B., 
England, M.B., C.M., C.M., 1889. An Inquiry 
1888. Retinitis Pigmen- | into the Water Supply of 
tosa, with notes on twenty- a Rural District, and its 
one cases. | probable bearing on the 


Charles Hubert Bond, Eng- Health of the Population. 
land, M.B., C.M., 1892. | * Rhys Davies, Wales, M.B., 


A Study of the Calvaria of | C.M., 1889. The Mineral 
those Dying Insane, with | Waters of Mid- Wales. 
special reference to their Arthur Dennison, Eng- 


Histology and Chemistry. lend, .M.B, C.M., 1893. 


Graduates in Medicine—M.D., 1895. 


Measles based on experi- 
ence of sixty cases seen in 
October, November, and 
December 1894, in Leeds. 

* George Dickson, Scotland, 
M.B., C.M., 1892. Spas- 
mus Nutans, or the Nod- 
ding Spasm. 

15** Charles James Whitehead 
Dixon, England, M.B., 
C.M. (with First - Class 
Honours), 1890. The 
Treatment of Pulmonary 
Consumption, with an 
Analysis of Cases and 
Statistics relating to many 
important Symptoms and 
Complications, as well as 
other Points of Interest 
in connection with the 
Disease. 

David Somerville Doughty, 
Scotland; M.B., C:M., 
1886. Herpes Zoster. 

* David Robert Dow, Scotland 
(M.A.), M.B.,C.M., 1884. 
A Study of Progressive 


Muscular Atrophy, with 
special reference to the 
Idiopathic Form, and 
Clinical Notes of two 


Cases of the latter variety. 
James Crauford Dunlop, 
Scotland, M.B:, C.M., 
1886. On the Excretion 
of Oxalic Acid in Urine. 
*** Frank Leigh Ehrke, England, 
M.B.,C.M., 1892. Diph- 
theria, and its Treatment 
with Antitoxin. 

20 David Fairweather, Scotland 
(M.A.), M.B.,C.M., 1879. 
The History and Medical 
and Surgical Treatment of 
a Case of Actinomycosis 
commencing in the Ap- 

pendix Vermiformis. 


HK 


639 


Ebenezer Forsyth, Scotland, 
M.B.,C.M.,1889. Medico- 
Legal Studies. 

* Richard Julyan George, Eng- 
land, M.B., C.M., 1888. 
Typhoid Fever : Notes on 
an Epidemic that occurred 
in and around Port-Isaac, 
Comwall, during 1893 and 
1894. 

* Alexander Bruce Giles, Scot- 
land, M.B., C.M., 1890. 
Erysipelas : its Symptoms, 
Pathology, and Treatment : 
a Historical Study. 

ἢ Howard Beauchamp’ Glad- 
stone, England, M.B., 
ΟΝ, “1393. Leuco- 
cythemia : its Symptoms, 
Pathology, and Treatment. 

25 Henry Laing Gordon, Eng- 
land, M.B., C.M., 1889. 
The Treatment of Pul- 
monary Phthisis by resid- 
ence in the Karroo, Cape 
Colony. 

* James Taylor Grant, Scot- 
land, M.B., C.M:, 1893: 
Acquired Immunity, and 
its Application to Serum 
Therapeutics. 

Vincent Green, England, 
M.B., C.M., 1892. The 
Sequel toa Case of Lumbar 
Colotomy, with Remarks 


thereon. 
* William Clayton Grosvenor, 
England (M.A.), M.B., 


C.M., 1891. Clubbed Fin- 
gers: their Relation to 
Pulmonary Tuberculosis. 
John Stonely Hill, England, 
M.B., C.M., 1883. Pleu- 
risy. 
30 George Home, New Zealand, 
M.B., C.M. (with First- 
Class Honours), 1892. 


640 


The Innervation of the 
Ovary: a _ Histological 
Study. 

William Edward Home, Ire- 
land (B.Sc.), M.B., €.M., 
1885. Malta Fever: its 
Etiology and Prevention. 

** Robert Main Horne, Scot- 
land, M.B., C.M. (with 
First-Class Honours), 1890. 
Muscle Plasma and its Co- 


agulation. 

Thomas Edward Hughes, 
England, M.B., C.M., 
1890. Puerperal Fever. 

George Bernard Jameson, 
England,» “M:B.; CoM, 
1890. Ophthalmia Neo- 
natorum, 


35** Sir Bhagvat Sinhji Jareja, 
India, M.B., C.M., 1892. 
History of Aryan Medical 
Science. 

** George Francis Johnston, 
New Brunswick, M.B., 
C.M., 1885. Paralysis 
Agitans. 

* William Watkins Jones, 
Wales, M.B., C.M., 1888. 
Bacteriology and Sero- 
Therapy of Diphtheria. 

William Henry Edward 
Knaggs, Cape of Good 
Hope, M.B., C.M., 1886. 
Malarial Fever. 

*** Wilfrid Vincent Miller Koch, 
Ceylon, M.B.,C.M., 1884. 
Leprosy in Trinidad: a 
Study. 

40 James Rudolph Paul Lam- 
bert, England, M.B., 
C.M., 1890. On Intra- 
Thoracic Aneurism, with 
some Observations on the 
use of Sphygmograph. 

Frederick Lishman, Eng- 
land, M.B., C.M., 1893. | 


Graduates tn Medtcine—M._D., 1895. 


Clinical and Pathological 
Observations on cases of 
Intercellular Lung Disease 
in the Insane: with Re- 
marks on the Insanity of 


Phthisis. 

* Frederick William Lyle, 
Scotland, M.B., C.M., 
1889. Multiple Neuritis. 

** Charles John Macalister, 
England, Μ.Β., C.M., 


1884. Empyema and Al- 


lied Thoracic Effusions 
considered _—_ Historically, 
Clinically, | Experiment- 


ally, and Practically. 


* James Macdonald, Scotland. 
(M.A.), M.B.,C.M., 1881. 
A Narrative of Diphtheria 
Occurrence in a provincial 
town, with an Analysis of 
fifty-two cases of the dis- 
ease, and Notes of a few 
cases treated by the Serum 
Method. 

45 Frederick William Mackay, 
England, M-.B:) ©: My; 
1892. Diphtheria, with 
special reference to the 
treatment with its Anti- 
toxin. 

* Robert MacLelland, Scotland, 
M.B., C.M., 1885. His- 
tory of a case of supposed 
Idiopathic Pernicious Anz- 
mia, with Remarks. 

Herbert William George Mac- 
leod, India, M.8., C.M., 
1886. On Adenoid Vege- 
tations of the Naso- 
Pharynx. 

* George William Falconer 
Macnaughton, Scotland, 
M.B., C.M. (with Second- 
Class Honours), 1892. The 
Choroid Plexuses and 


Graduates in Medicine—M.D., 1895 


Cerebro- Spinal Fluid in 
Health and Disease. 

Edward Fuller Martin, Eng- 
land, M.B., C.M., 1879. 
Some Pointsin the Manage- 
ment of the Third Stage of 
Labour and the Puerperal 
State. 

50* James Emest Moorhouse, 
England (M.A.), M.B., 
C.M., 1892. The Etiology 
and Treatment of Albumi- 
nuria and Eclampsia Gravi- 
darum, 

Sylvanus Glanville Morris, 
Wales, M.B., C.M., 1893. 
Public Health and Micro- 
Organisms or Micro-Or- 
gans, their varieties, their 
distribution, their power for 
good or for evil, and the 
methods discovered to in- 
crease or inhibit these 
powers. 

* George Ernest Morrison, 

Australia, M.B., C.M., 

1887. The Hereditary 

Factor in the Causation of 

various Malformations and 

Diseases. 


* William Murray, Scotland, 
MEBs GM, 1801. La- 
tooing considered as a 
means of Inoculating Dis- 
ease, especially Tuber- 
culosis. 

** George Newman, England, 
Mabie ΘΝ, 1892. A 
Comparative Study in Pub- 
lic Health: the History 
and Causes of the decline 
of Leprosy in England and 
in India. 

55 Maxwell Ogilvy - Ramsay, 
Scotland (M.A.), M.B., 
C.M., 1890. On the Pre- 


25 


641 


vention of Sepsis in the 
Lying-in-Room. 

* John Donald Pollock, Scot- 
land, M.B., C.M., 1892. 
Chronic Endometritis : its 
Importance and Local 
Treatment, with cases. 

Samuel Poole, England, 
M.B., C.M., 1889. Epi- 
demic Influenza as it oc- 
curred periodically since 
1889. 

George Porter, England, 
M.B., C.M., 1892. Em- 
pyema in Children, with 
special reference to Sur- 
gical Treatment. 

*** James Ritchie, Scotland 
(Με ΑΒ. Se); ΜῈΒ: 
C.M. (with Second-Class 
Honours), 1888. Some Con- 
tributions to the Theory of 
Germicidal Action. 

60* John Fordyce Robertson, 
Scotland (M.A.), M.B., 
C.M., 1891. Puerperal 
Fever: its Nature, Pre- 
vention, and ‘Treatment, 
with six cases. 


** William Ford Robertson, 
Scotland, M.B., C.M., 
1891. Researches upon 


the Pathology of Subdural 
Membrane formation. 


Robert Miller Ronaldson, 
Ireland, M.B.,C.M., 1890. 
Dyspnea. 


** John Ross, Scotland, M.B., 
C.M., 1886. Diphtheria: 
its Evolution from benign 
Sore Throat. 

** Theodore Shennan, Scotland, 
M.B., C.M., 1890. Con- 
tributions to the Know- 
ledge of (1) Viburnum 
Prunifolium (or Black Haw) 


642 


and of (2) Catha Edulis | 


(African Tea). 

65** James Christian Simpson, 
Scotland, M.B., C.M., 
1887. General and Men- 
tal Symptoms in relation to 
Somatic Disease, Anaes- 
thetics and Toxic Agents, 
Traumata, and Surgical 
Procedures, with a Review 


of the Treatment of some | 


Cerebral and Mental Symp- 
toms by Operation. 

George Thomas Sinclair, 
Oxkney,, Μ-Β., ©.Mi, 
1886. Clinical Studies. 

* William Sproule, New South 

Wales, M.B., C.M., 1892. 
Observations on Splenic 
Leucocythzemia. 

Walter Henry Skinner Stal- 
kartt, India, M.B., C.M., 
1887. Malarial Fevers, 


Graduates in Medicine—M.B., C.M., with Honours. 


with reference to some 
types on the West Coast of 
Africa. 


*** Andrew Walker, Scotland 
(Μ- ν ΒΝ ΕΒ 
C.M., 1892. An Examina- 
tion of some of the Rarer 
Pathological Conditions as- 
sociated with Pregnancy. 


70 James Smith Watson, Scot- 
land, M.B., C.M., 1881. 
Vomiting of Pregnancy : 
its Etiology and Treatment. 

Thomas Alexander Miller 
Wilson, Scotland, M.B., 
C.M., 1891. The Main 
Factors concerned in the 
Production of Varicose 
Veins of the Lower Ex- 
tremities, with some Con- 
siderations as to Surgical 
Treatment. 


GRADUATES (M.B., C.M.) WHO HAVE PASSED THE EXAMINATIONS 
WITH Honours FROM 1889 TO 1895, BOTH YEARS INCLUDED. ἢ 


1889. 
Class I. 


Robert Oswald Adamson (M.A.), | 
Scotland 

John William Crerar, Scotland 

William Fred. Farquharson, Scot. 

James Lackie, Scotland 

Jas. Hill Williamson Laing (M.A., 
B.Sc.), Scotland 

Hamilton Graham Langwill, Scot. 

Alexander Maclean, Scotland 

Eustace G. Pilgrim, Barbados 

Wm. Gordon Woodrow Sanders, 
Scotland 

James Andrew Thyne, Scotland 


George Wilkinson, England 


Class 71. 
Robert Dunlop Reid Allison, Scot. 
William Everett, England 
George Alfred Walter, England 
Colin Gordon, England 
Ewan John Maclean, Wales 
James Monteith, Scotland 
Benjamin Sweeten, Scotland 
C. N. C. Wimberley, Scotland 


1890. 
Class I, 


Charles James Whitehead Dixon, 
England 


Carstairs Cumming Douglas, Scot- 


land 
Gerald Fitzgerald, Scotland 


1 For names of those who received the Degrees with Honours prior to 1889, see 
Historical Appendix to List of Graduates of the University, published in 1889, 


pp- 129-132. 


Graduates in Medicine—M.B., C.M., with Honours. 643 


Robert Main Horne, Scotland 

Colin Forbes Lees, Scotland 

William Paterson, Scotland 

George William Thompson, La | 
Plata 

William Kerr Walker, Scotland 


Class Il. 


Ed. H. Alexander, New Zealand 
Robert Brown, Scotland 
John Wheeler Dowden, Ireland 
George Balfour Marshall, Scotland 
Arnold W. Williams, England 
1801. 
Class £. 
John Wardle Bone, England 
Wm. Blackley Drummond, Scot. 
George Elder, Scotland 
Edward Barnard Fuller, Africa 
Henry Baker Hall, England 
George Hennan, Scotland 
Herbert Saunders Wansbrough 
Jones (B.Sc.), Wales 
Harry Rainy (M.A.), Scotland 


Class ZT. 


Robt. J. Ashton (B.A.), England 
Robert Cran, Scotland 

Frederich Wilhelm Eurich, Saxony 
David J. Mackenzie (M.A.), Scot. 
John Orr, Scotland 

David Stuart, Scotland 

Wm. J. Walker (B.A.), Australia 
Neish Park Watt (M.A.), Scotland 
John Thos. Wilson, Tasmania 


1892. 
Class ἢ. 
Alexander Brownlie, Scotland 
Charles Cromhall Easterbrook, 


(M.A.), England 
George Home, New Zealand 
Lim Boon Keng, Singapore 
Robert Murray Leslie (M.A., 
B.Sc.), Scotland 


Donald Macaulay (M.A.), Scot. 


Class 71. 
Alexander Douglas (M.A.), Eng. 


| Daniel Charles Edington, Scot. 


John James Evans, Wales 
Arthur Fells, England 
James Stewart Fowler, Scotland 
Robert Walker Gray, Scotland 
Robert John Johnston, Scotland 
Geo. Wm. F. Macnaughton, Scot. 
Philip Oscar Malabre, Jamaica 
Peter William Shaw, Scotland 
Alfred George Talbot (B.A.), New 
Zealand 
George Templeton, Scotland 
1893. 
Class I, 
Charles Crerar, Scotland 
John Buchanan Duff, Scotland 
Alex. M. Easterbrook, Scotland 
Wm. E. Fothergill (M.A., B.Sc.), 
England 
Robert Hutchison, Scotland 
Robert H. Makgill, Scotland 
Jas. V. Paterson, M.A., Scotland 
David W. Sutherland, Australia 
Hugh Walker (M.A.), Scotland 
D, A. Welsh (M.A.), Scotland 


Class 71. 
William Randolph Center, Scot. 
Robert Craig Dun, Scotland 
George Harry Dupont, England 
Charles Alfred Hogg, Tasmania 
Charles Kerr, Scotland 
James ἃ. Macnaughton, Scotland 
W. M‘D. Selby, Scotland 
St John Stanwell, England 
John Steed, England 
John Tennant (M.A.), Scotland 
John Brown Yeoman, Scotland 


1894. 
Class 7. 
James Martin Beattie 
New Zealand 
Evan John Hewat Fraser, England 
George Brooke French, England 


(M.A.), 


644 


Thomas Gibson (M.A.), Ireland 


John Rutherford Gilmour, Scotland | 
‘Joseph Edward Bowes, England 


Neil MacVicar, Scotland 

William Anderson Stephen (M.A.), 
Scotland 

James Purves 
Scotland 


Stewart (M.A.), 


Class IT. 


Robert William Beesley, England 

Robert Ward Briggs, England 

Alexander Keith Campbell, Scot. 

Thomas H. C. Derham, England 

Charles Francis Lassalle, W. Indies 

James Donald Macrae, Scotland 

Hezlett Hamilton Marshall, Aus- 
tralia 

Arthur Maxwell Nicholson Pringle, 
Scotland 

Walter Russell Strapp, Natal 


Graduates tn Medicine—M.B., C.M., 1895. 


1895. 
Class I. 


John Forbes (M.A.), Scotland 
William John Gaibritt, England 
Rhodes Hay Garth, England 
Andrew Robertson Wilson (M.A.), 
Scotland 
William De Wever Wishart, British 
Guiana 
Class Il. 
James Gray, Scotland 
Albert Lewis Husband, England 


/Robert MacWilliam Leith, Cape 


Colony 
William Lillie, India 
David Rankine (M.A.), Scotland 
David Waterston (M.A.), Scotland 
James Rodger Watson (M.A., 
B.Sc.), Scotland 


BACHELORS OF MEDICINE AND MASTERS IN SURGERY. 


1st AUGUST 1895. 
Small CAPITALS indicate First-Class Honours. 
Italics Second-Class Honours. 


Sol Jervois Aarons, Australia 
James Allison, Scotland 


Charles Walker Anderson, 
Scotland 

George Anderson, South 
America 

5 Harry Hyndman Balfour, 
Scotland 

Noel Dean Bardswell, Eng- 
land 

William Begg (B.A.), Aus- 
tralia 


James Alexander Terras Bell, 
New Zealand 

Henry Mitchell Benson, Eng- 
land 

10 Edwin Thomas Fairweather 

Birrell, Scotland 

John Edwin Blackburn, 
Mauritius 


George John Blackmore, New 
Zealand 

JosEPH EDWARD BOWES, 
England 

Lawrence Bowman, England 

Edward Edelsten Brierley, 
England 

Nathaniel Caine, England 

Henry Jasper Cardale, Eng- 


land 
Sidney Herbert Carr, England 
Walter William Chipman, 
Canada 

20 William Joseph Campbell 


Coulthard, England 
John Crawford, Scotland 
Robert Cross, England 
Robert WisemanCunningham, 
Scotland 


Graduates in Medicine—M.B., C.M., 1895. 


John M‘Ewen Dalziel, Scot- 
land 


25 John Maxwell Dawson, Scot- 


land 
Maurice Vincent Dee, Ireland 
Thomas Dewar, Scotland 
Albert Whiggs Easmon, West 
Africa | 
Walter Forrest Eason, Scot- | 
land 


30 Heinrich James Ewald, West 


Indies 

Hugh Middleton Eyres, Eng- 
land 

Albert Gershom Fenn, Eng- 
land 

Francis Wiremu Brian Fit- 
chett, New Zealand 

Alexander Mathers Fleming, 
Scotland 


35 JOHN Forses (M.A.), Scot- 


land 
John Forbes (M.A., B.Sc.), 
Scotland 


James Aquilon Forrest, 
Antigua 
John Sutherland Fraser, 
Scotland 


WILLIAM JOHN GARBUTT, 
England 


40 Frederick Gardiner, Scotland 


William Alexander 
Scotland 

Thomas Gibson, Scotland 

John Gilchrist, Scotland 

SamuelJamesGilfillan (M.A.), | 
Scotland | 


Gibb, 


45 James Gillies, Scotland 


James Davie Gilruth (M.A.), 
Scotland 

Wilfrid Glegg, Scotland 

Cecil John Gorringe, Tasmania 

David James Graham, Scot- 
land 


50 James Gray, Scotland 


Edward David Wilson Greig, 


Scotland 


55 


60 


65 


70 


75 


645 


James Muir Grieve (M.A.), 
Scotland 

John Howell Knight Griffith, 
Wales 

Henry Halton, England 

John Binny Hay, Cape of 
Good Hope 

RHODES HAYGARTH, Eng- 
land 

Charles Monro Hector, New 
Zealand 

Robert Paterson 
Scotland 

George Henderson (M.A.), 
Scotland 

George Pouncey Henderson, 
England 

John Hunter Henderson, New 
Zealand 

Ian Dalrymple Clark Howden, 
Scotland 

Michael Hughes, Wales 

William Harry Hunter, 
Scotland 

Harold Edward Huntly, Eng- 
land 

Albert Lewis Husband, Eng- 
land 

David Mount Hutton (B.Sc.), 
England 

George John Jenkins, Aus- 
tralia 

David John Jones, Wales 

John Ingoldsby Kelly, Scot- 
land 

Laurence Ker (M.A.), Eng- 
land 

James Kirk, Scotland 

David Landsborough, Scot- 
land 

John Landsborough, Scotland 

Leo Victor Laurie, Scotland 

David Lawson, Scotland 

Henry Alfred Leebody, Ive- 
land 

Robert MacWilliam 
Cape Colony 


Heddle, 


Leith, 


646 


80 


85 


90 


95 


100 


105 


Graduates in Medicine—M.B., C.M., 1895. 


Thomas Griffiths Lewis, Wales 

William Lillie, India 

Grant Forrester Lundie 
(M.A.), South Africa 

Alfred Crichton Lupton, Eng- 
land 

Samuel Finlay Lusk, Ireland 

Pieter Christoffel _—_Liittig 
(B.A.), Cape Colony 

Robert M‘Camon, Scotland 

Alexander MacCarthy-Mor- 
rogh, Ireland 

Angus Macdonald (M.A.), 
Scotland 

Frank Bedingfeld Macdonald, 
Scotland 

John M‘Donald, Scotland 

William Marshall Macdonald, 
New Zealand 


William Chisholm Wilson 
M‘Dowell (B.A.), New 
Zealand 


Thomas Hately Macfie, Scot- 
land 

Duncan Matheson Mackay, 
England 

Charles M‘Laurin, Australia 


Kenneth MacLean, Scotland 
John George Macmillan, 
Australia 


Neil Harrismith Macmillan, 
South Africa 

William Stevenson Malcolm, 
Scotland 

William Rhoades 
England 

William Lewis Martin (M.A., 
B.Sc.), Scotland 

Francis Joseph 
Momplé, Mauritius 

Robert Leishman Moorhead, 
England 

John Stewart Norwell(B.Sc.), 
Scotland 

Thomas Theodore Ormerod, 
England 

Edward Lloyd Owen, Wales 


Mander, 


Robert 


0 


115 


120 


| 130 


Richard Owen, Wales 

John Arthur Parsons, Eng- 
land 

Charles William Peach, Scot- 
land 

Henry Carden Pearson, Eng- 
land 

Arthur Davies Peill, England 

Guthrie Raynes Plante, New 
Zealand 

William Alexander 
(B.A.), England 

Walter Henry Price, India 

George Lionel Procter, Eng- 
land 


Potts 


James Coupar Rait, Scotland 
David Rankine (M.A.), 
Scotland 


Malur Srinivasa Rau (M.A., 
B.Sc.), India 

John Kimber Raymond, Eng- 
land 

Ernest Stewart Reid, England 

Hugh Richardson, Scotland 

William Pearson Richardson, 
England 

Robert James Risely, England 

Griffith Lloyd Roberts, Wales 

Robert George Robson(M.A.), 
Scotland 

Thomas Ernest Earl Roddis, 
England 

Victor Alexander Ross, Scot- 
land 

Richard Roycroft, Ireland 

Thomas Duncanson Sadler, 
Scotland 

Robert Samut, Malta 

Ernest Walker Kerr Scott, 
Queensland 

Robert George Selby, England 

Henry John Forbes Simson, 
Scotland 

Ernest Murray Skeete, West 
Indies 

Esaias Renier Snijman, South 
Africa 


135 


140 


145 


10 


15 


Graduates tn Medicine—M.B., C.M., 1895. 


Joseph Edward Wilson Somer- 
ville, New Zealand 

Frederic Skey Stanwell, Eng- 
land 

William Hugh Steele, Eng- 
land 

Alexander Steven, Scotland 

George Edward Stewart, 
Canada 

William Stokes, India 

John Cuthbert Stuart, Eng- 
land 

Thomas Stuart, England 

David Carlyle Sutton, Eng- 
land 

William Macrae Taylor, Scot- 
land 

Frank StewartCorbettThomp- 
son, Australia 


647 
James Alexander Thwaits, 
South Africa 
James Bain Kerr Tough, 
Scotland 


John Ogilvie Veitch, Scotland 
Gerald Wallace (M.A.), Scot- 


land 
| 150 David Waterston (M.A.), 
Scotland 


James Rodger Watson (M.A., 
B.Sc.), Scotland 

James Watt, New Zealand 

ANDREW ROBERTSON WIL- 
son (M.A.), Scotland 

WILLIAM DE WEVER WISH- 
ART, British Guiana 

155 James Wood, Scotland 
John Burn Wood, Scotland 


26TH OCTOBER 1895. 


James Affleck, Scotland 
Amold William Montford 
Auden (B.A.), England 

Ayatullah, India 


William Jarvis Bell, America | 
Aus- | 


Ernest 
tralia 

John Bruce, Scotland 

Robert Brown Campbell, 
Scotland 

Edward William Scott Car- 
michael, Scotland 

John Mandall Coates, Scot- 
land 

James Mansfield 
Ireland 

Donald Crerar, Scotland 

David Fitchie Dewar, Eng- 
land 

James Herbert Dixon, Eng- 
land 

George Christopher Elliott, 
England 

Alfred Thomas Evans, Wales 

David Evans, Wales 

William Evans, England 


James Bray, 


Crawford, 


Ramsden Walker Luis Fer- 
nandes, England 


William Fitzgerald, New 
Zealand 

20 Archibald Nicol Fleming, 
Scotland 
George Algernon Fothergill, 
England 
Francis Maitland Gibson 
(B.Sc.), Scotland 
Roger Christian Lingard 


Guthrie, Scotland 
John James Hewison (M.A.), 
Scotland 
25 William Hewison, Scotland 
John Hirst, England 
Walter Johnson, England 
Chaman Chandu Lall, India 
James Henry Lamb, Scotland 
30 Gerald Rowley Leighton, Eng. 


George Robert Livingston, 
Scotland 

Alexander Mayne Love, Ire- 
land 

George Douglas M*‘Rae, 
Scotland 


648 

James Sackville Martin, Ire- 

land | 
35 James Massey, Ireland 

George Henry Masson, Trini- | 
dad 

William Andrew Wylie 
Moore, Ireland 

Patrick James Munn, Scot- | 
land 

Stewart Grant Ogilvy, Scot- | 
land 

40 Alexander John Park, Aus- 

tralia 

Archibald Lumsdaine Pent- 
land-Smith (M.A., B.Sc.), | 
Scotland 

Robert Black Purves, Scot- 
land 

John Howard Digby Roberts, 
India | 

Robert Steuart Rodger, Eng- | 
land 


Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 


45 Robert Lloyd Roe, Ireland 
David Roger, Scotland 
Alfred Peter Ross, England 


Luis Cupertino Saldanha, 
India 
James George Campbell Scott, 
Scotland 
50 Bernard Ian Graham Sibbald, 
Scotland 
Sydney Harold Smith, Eng- 
land 


Arthur John Arundel Theo- 
balds, England 

Charles Gurney Thompson, 
England 

Jacob William de Vos, Cape 
Colony 

55 Lewis Arthur Williams, Eng- 

land 

Frederick Telemachus Wills, 
British Guiana 

William Henry Wilson, Eng. 


IITH APRIL 1896. 


William Leslie Lyall, Scot- 


land 
Arthur Thomas Sampson, 
England 


James Stenhouse, Scotland 

Frederick William Twidale, 
India 

Andrew Wallace, Scotland 


THE DEGREE OF MASTER IN SURGERY. 


1st AuGUST 1895. 
Edward Fuller Martin (M.D.), England. 


Examination Papers for Degrees in Medicine. 
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 
ENGLISH. 
FIRST PAPER (OLD MODEL). 
SATURDAY, 28¢h September 1895.—9 to 11 o'clock. 


(FIvE questions to be answered and no more. 


Questions 1, 2, 


and 6 must be attempted.) 
1. Write an essay, from two to three pages long, on one 


of the following subjects :— 


(a) King James as he appears in Zhe Fortunes of Nigel. 


Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 649 


(ὁ) The Life of a Country Doctor. 

(ὦ The Possibility of Abolishing War. 

2. Paraphrase :—Prologue to Drydren’s “ Qedipus.” 

When Athens all the Grecian states did guzde, 
And Greece gave laws to all the world beside ; 
Then Sophocles with Socrates did sit, 
Supreme in wisdom one, and one in wit: 

And wit from wisdom differed not in those, 
But as ’twas swmg in verse or said in prose. 
Then C£dipus in crowded theatres 

Drew all admiring eyes and listening ears ; 
And every critic of each learned age 

By this just model has reformed the stage. 
Now should tt fai (as Heaven avert our fear !), 
Damn it in silence lest the world should hear. 
For, were it known this poem did not please, 
You might set up for perfect savages ; 

Your neighbours would not look on you as men, 
But think the nation all turned Picts agazn. 

3. Give a general analysis of the first six lines of the fore- 
going passage, and parse the words italicised. 

4. Derive six of the following words :—/ortnight, rage, 
hemorrhage, harbour, physiology, style, frail, botany, yacht, 
boycott, cordial, beef-eater. 

5. Give instances of the use, as different parts of speech, 
of six of the following :— Still, but, since, even, which, fare, 
50, the. 

6. Improve the following sentences, and give reasons for 
the alterations that you make :— 

(a) He is our natural benefactor, and deserves our respect 
and obedience. 

(ὁ) A talent of this kind would perhaps prove the likeliest 
of any other to succeed. 

(c) All the power of ridicule, aided by the desertion of 
friends and the diminution of his estate, were not able to 
shake his principles. 

(2) I conceived a great regard for him, and could not but 
mourn for his loss. 


650 Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 


SECOND PAPER (OLD MODEL). 


SATURDAY, 28¢h September 1895.—12 720 2 o'clock. 


(EIGHT guestions are to be answered and no more; and of 
these, Two from each section.) 


SECTION A. 


τ. Who were the Lake Poets? Give some account of the 
life and works of any ove of them. 

2. Give some account of ove of the following works :— 
The Pilgrim’s Progress (either part) ; Gudliver’s Travels (any 
one expedition) ; Loch Arden; Childe Harold; Olver 
Twist ; Vanity Fair. 

3. Name the authors of the following works, and give 
some account of any one author :— Zhe Canterbury Tales ; 
Tamburlaine ; Comus ; The Rape of the Lock ; Tom Jones ; 
The Deserted Village; Vanity Katr ; In Memoriam. 

4. Give some account of ¢iree of the following char- 
acters :— 

The wife of Bath, Sir John Falstaff, Prospero, Portia, Dr 
Primrose, Edie Ochiltree, Caleb Balderston, Mr Micawber, 
Enid, John Silver. 

SECTION B. 

5. (a) Reproduce the substance of Mark Antony’s speech 
over the body of Ceesar. 

Or, 

(2) Reproduce the substance of the dispute between 
Brutus and Cassius. What light does it throw upon the 
character of Cassius ? 

6. (a) Sketch the character of George Heriot, and indicate 
the part he plays in Zhe Fortunes of Niged. 

Or, 

(4) Describe the incidents of Nigel’s meeting with the 
King in Greenwich Park, and show how they illustrate some 
of the characteristics of Charles and Buckingham, 


Medical Degrees—FPreliminary Examinations. 651 


SECTION C. 


7. Give an account of the causes and progress of the 
American War of Independence, and note the leading states- 
men and soldiers concerned on each side. 

8. Write short notes illustrating the historical importance 
of stx of the following :—Sir Robert Walpole, the Duke of 
Cumberland, John Wilkes, Hyder Ah, Edmund Burke, 
Henry Addington, Admiral Duncan, Lord John Russell, 
Lord Brougham, 

g. Describe briefly the various efforts made by the par- 
tisans of the House of Stuart in the reigns of George I. and 
George 11. to regain the throne for the exiled family. 

to. Write short notes upon szx of the following :—The 
Treaty of Utrecht; the Excise Bill; the Treaty of Aix-la- 
Chapelle ; the Walcheren Expedition ; the Bombardment of 
Algiers; the Abolition of the Slave Trade; the Armed 
Neutrality; the Legislative Union of Great Britain and 
Ireland ; the Lines of Torres Vedras ; Catholic Emancipa- 
tion ; the Premiership of the Duke of Wellington ; the Poor 
Law Reform Bill; the Congress of Vienna. 


SECTION D. 


11. Specify the chief textile manufacturing districts of the 
United Kingdom, naming the chief seats of the manufac- 
ture, and say whence in the case of each industry the raw 
material is obtained, and by what seaport. 

12. Draw a map of India, inserting rivers, mountain 
ranges, and chief towns. 

13. State the chief products of five of the following 
regions, and name and locate in each of those selected an 
important town :—Manitoba, British Columbia, Jamaica, 
British Guiana, Natal, West Australia, Tasmania, Burmah. 

14. Locate and write a brief note upon ez of the follow- 
ing :—Trieste, Rangoon, Yokohama, Dunedin, Pretoria, 
Valparaiso, Bahia, Herat, Moukden, Odessa, Belize, Brindisi, 
Ballarat, Lyons, Astrakhan, 


652 Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 


- 


(NEW MODEL.) 
SATURDAY, 2874 September 1895.—9 to 12 o'clock. 


(E1GHT questions to be answered, and no more. 1 and 2 must 
be answered, and either 3 or 4, and either 5 or 6. The 
remaining four may be any questions in the paper not 
already answered.) 

1. Write an essay, from two to three pages long, upon 
one of the following subjects :— 


(a) Gulliver’s Travels. 

(ὁ) The Life of a Country Doctor. 

(c) The Possibility of Abolishing War. 
2. Express in prose the following passage :— 


“Ὁ patriot statesman, be thou wise to know 
The limits of resistance and the bounds 
Determining concession ; still be bold 
Not only to slight praise but suffer scorn ; 
And be thy heart a fortress to maintain 
The day against the moment, and the year 
Against the day ; thy voice, a music heard 
Thro’ all the yells and counter-yells of feud 
And faction, and thy will a power to make 
This ever-changing world of circumstance 
In changing, chime with never-changing law.” 


3. Say what you know of four of the following :—The 
Roman occupation of Britain; the period of Danish rule 
in England ; the relations of Scotland and England in the 
Norman period; the Civil War in Stephen’s reign; Henry 
II.’s contest with the Church; Magna Charta; Henry V.’s 
campaign in France; the relations of England and Scotland 
in the reign of James IV.; Perkin Warbeck ; the Progress 
of the Reformation in Edward VI.’s reign; the rule of the 
Regent Moray in Scotland; the Spanish Armada; the 
English in Ireland in Elizabeth’s reign; Mary Stuart in 
England. 

4. Say what you know of four of the following :—The 


Medical Degrees-—Preliminary Examinations. 653 


Duke of Buckingham ; Cromwell’s share in the Civil War ; 
Ireland under the Commonwealth ; the Earl of Clarendon ; 
Monmouth’s rebellion; the Revolution of 1688 in Scot- 
land ; the War of the Spanish Succession ; Walpole’s Ad- 
ministration; Clive’s work in India; the Conquest of 
Canada; the loss of the American colonies: the chief 
naval successes in the great war with France; the Penin- 
sular War ; the chief provisions of the Reform Bill of 1832. 

5. Mention the British possessions and protectorates in 
Africa, and note for each the products, and the situation of 
the chief towns. 

6. State the position of sv of the following districts :— 
Ontario, New South Wales, the Argentine Republic, 
Bavaria, Bengal, Pennsylvania, Algeria, the Punjaub. 
Mention either (a) a mountain range, or (ὦ) a river; also 
name and locate an important town in each of the districts 
selected. 

7. Improve either in expression or in structure the fol- 
lowing sentences, and give reasons for each change 
made :—— 

(a) “My old friend, after having seated himself, and 
trimmed the boat with his coachman who, being a very 
sober man, always serves as ballast on these occasions, we 
made the best of our way to Fox-hall.” 

(ὁ) ‘“‘Our sympathies are naturally divided as to the 
revolting Armenians.” 

(c) “A talent of this kind would perhaps prove the 
likeliest of any other to succeed.” 

(4) “ Looking to the last contest, the chances of the two 
candidates are about even, and it is not possible to predicate 
either who is the best of the two, nor which will prove the 
more superior.” 

8. Give a general analysis of the following passage, and 
parse the words italicised -— 


ro thee “0 4]]; 
But with no friendly voice, and add thy name 
O Sun, to tell thee how I hate thy beams, 


654 Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 


That bring to my remembrance from wa? state 
I fell, how glorious once above thy sphere.” 


9. Give instances of the use as different parts of speech 
of six of the following : —Sti//, but, even, since, which, fare, 
so, the. 

το. Derive zine of the following words :—age, hemorr- 
hage, harbour, style, physiology, frail, botany, yacht, boycott, 
cordial, beef-eater, fortnight. 

rr. Name the authors of six of the following works, and 
give an account of one of the works :—Arcadia, Cymbeline, 
As Vou Like It, Lycidas, Hudibras, Roderick Random, 7) he 
Task, The Prisoner of Chillon, Adonais, The Newcomes, 
Annals of the Parish, Redgauntlet, Silas Marner, Barnaby 
Rudge. 

12. (a) Give some account of the process by which a Bill 
introduced into the House of Commons becomes a law of 
the land. 

Or, 
(2) Explain what is meant by a limited lability company. 
On; 

(c) Explain what is meant by a system of Protection, 07, 

of Bimetallism. 


FIRST PAPER (OLD MODEL). 
SatuRDAY, 28¢k March 1896.—-9 to 11 o'clock. 


(Five Questions to be answered. Questions 1, 2, and 6 must 
be attempted by all.) 


1. Write an essay, from two to three pages long, on one 
of the following subjects :— 

(a) Simon, the Glover, in the Hair Maid of Perth. 

(4) Advantages and disadvantages of Colonies to the 
Mother Country. 

(c) The qualities required in a successful doctor. 

2. Paraphrase :— 

. “Man, immured in cities, still retains 
His inborn inextinguishable thirst 


Medical Degrees——Prelininary Examinations. 655 


Of rural scenes, compensating his loss 
By supplemental shifts the best he may. 
The most unfurnish’d with the means of life, 
And they that never pass their brick-wall bounds 
To range the fields, and treat their lungs with air, 
Yet feel the burning instinct ; overhead 
Suspend their crazy boxes, planted thick, 
And water’d duly. There the pitcher stands 
A fragment, and the spoutless teapot there : 
Sad witnesses how close-pent man regrets 
The country, with what ardour he contrives 
A peep at Nature when he can no more. 

Hail, therefore, patroness of health and ease, 
And contemplation, heart-consoling joys, 
And harmless pleasures, in the throng’d abode 
Of multitudes unknown! hail, rural life!” 


3. Give a general analysis of the following passage, in- 
dicating clearly the connection between the clauses. Parse 
the words italicised in it :— 

As the cur, 
Pluck’t from the cur he fights τυ, eve his cause 
Be cooled by fighting, follows, decng named, 
His owner, but remembers all, and growls 
Remembering, so Sir Kay beside the door 
Mutter’d in scorn of Gareth, whom he wsed 
To harry and to hustle. 


4. Give the derivation of szxv of the following words :— 
Curfew, chancellor, cicerone, alms, kerchtef, peasant, homage, 
wanton, wassail, currants, vinegar, stotcal. 


5. Explain and exemplify the following terms :— Diph- 
thong, verbal noun, finite verb, noun clause, reflexive pronoun. 
Show, also, the difference in use between :—/urther and 
farther, elder and older, latter and later. 

Write down separately, and give the force of (a) the pre- 
fixes in:—Dzisdain, ignorance, purpose, disaster, benumb, 
antidote, withstand; and (6) the suffixes in:— /Vorshif, 
chivalry, wisdom, necessity, other cadence, seldom. 


656 Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 


6. Improve the following sentences, and give reasons for 
the changes you make :— 

(a) I saw my old school-fellow again by mere accident 
when I was in London, at the time of the first Exhibition, 
walking down Regent Street, and looking in at the shops. 

(4) I would be sorry to accept a different belief on the 
subject than this, that if a man once knew a habit to be 
injurious, he was capable of emancipating himself from it. 

(c) Being particularly gracious towards Longfellow, and 
having just written that authors were like cats, sure to purr 
when stroked the right way of the fur, Longfellow interrupted 
him with: “TI purr, I purr.” 

(4) The veracity of this story is questionable, and there 
is the more reason for doubting the truth of the narrator, 
because in his remarks on the observation of the Sabbath 
he distinctly alludes to a custom that can be shown never to 
have existed. 


SECOND PAPER (OLD MODEL). 
SATURDAY, 28¢h March 1896.—12 to 2 o'clock. 


(E1cHtT Questions are to be answered ; and of these, Two from 
each section.) 


SECTION A. 


1. Name the chief Scottish poets of the 14th and 15th 
centuries. Give a short account of the principal poems of 
any ¢wo of them. 

2. Tell as clearly as you can the story of ove of the 
following :—“ Vision of William concerning Piers the Plow- 
man”; “Squire’s Tale” (Chaucer); “ Ballad of Chevy 
Chase”; Marlowe’s “ Edward II.”; Shakespeare’s “ Ham- 
let”; “Passing of Arthur” (“Idylls of the King”); 
‘Virginians ” ; ““ Romola.” 

3. Name the authors of ezgf¢ of the following works, 
state the time at which they flourished, and give an account 
of any ove author :—Jnduction to the Mirror for Magistrates ; 
Arcadia, Catiline; Leviathan ; Areopagitica; Annus 


Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 657 


Mirabilis ; Tale of a Tub; Idea of a Patriot King ; Essay 
on Criticism: Letters on a Regicide Peace; Wealth of 
Nations ; Modern Painters ; Earthly Paradise. 

4. Describe ¢ree of the following characters :— Zhe Good 
Persoun (Chaucer); Banguo; Polonius; Silas Marner ; 
Major Pendennis ; Will Honeycomb ; Mr Winkle ; Doctor 
Maclure; Caliban: Monkbarns ; Guinevere. 


SECTION B. 


5. (a) How does Shakespeare contrast the behaviour of 
the French leaders with that of the English on the eve of 
the battle of Agincourt? Describe fully. 

Or, 

(6) How is the character of “Henry V.” developed by 
Shakespeare in the play ? 

6. Write a full account of the part played in the story by— 

Either (a) Halo’ the Wynd, 
Or (6) Zhe Fair Maid of Perth, 


SECTION C. 


7. Give an account of the state of parties in Scotland 
during the reign of Robert III., and of the relations of 
Scotland with England and France at that time. 

8. Write notes on séx of the following :—Suetonius 
Paulinus in Britain; Anglo-Saxon system of Government 
and judicial system ; effects of the Norman Conquest upon 
England; Henry I.’s Charter of Liberties ; Constitutions of 
Clarendon; Black Death and the Peasants’ Revolt; Pil- 
grimage of Grace; Battle of Sauchieburn; Battle of St 
Albans ; Benevolences. 

9. Write, upon sz of the following, notes to illustrate 
their historical importance :—Boadicea ; Laufrauc ; Stephen 
Langton; Simon de Montfort; Cardinal Wolsey; Earl of 
Warwick (King-maker); Margaret of Anjou; The Maid 
of Orleans; John of Gaunt; John Knox; William of 
Wykeham. 

το. “Trace the course of the Reformation in England, 
or in Scotland, down to 1567.” 

2 


658 Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations, 


SEcTION Ὁ. 


1. What are our chief imports from the United States, 
and what our chief exports to that country? Name and 
locate the chief sea-ports of the United States on the 
Atlantic sea-board. 

2. What circumstances have helped to develop cotton 
manufactures in the western part of our island? Give the 
chief centres of the cotton manufacture in Great Britain, 
and the destination of cotton goods exported from this 
country. 

3. What are our chief imports from Canada, Brazil, South 
Africa, New Zealand, India, West India Islands, Australia, 
Russia, Egypt. Name and locate parts in each from which 
goods are exported to Britain. 

4. Locate and indicate in a note the Ἐς of the 
following :—Riga, Kiel, Melbourne, Singapore, Hong-Kong, 
Durban, Mombasa, Karachi, Rangoon, San Francisco, 
Alaska, Baku, Smyrna. 


(NEW MODEL.) 
SATURDAY, 28¢i March 1896.—g to 12 o'clock. 


(E1cHT Questions to be answered. ONE and Ywo must be 
answered, and either THREE 97. FOUR, and either FIVE or 
six. Zhe remaining FOUR may be any Questions tn the 
paper not already answered.) 

1. Write an essay, from two to three pages long, upon 
one of the following subjects :— 
(a) The influence of the press. 
(4) The qualities required in a successful doctor. 
(c) Sir Walter Scott’s Zvanhoe. 
2. Paraphrase the following passage :— 
“Her fresh and innocent eyes 
Had such a star of morning in their blue, 
That all neglected places of the field 
Broke into Nature’s music when they saw her. 
Low was her voice, but won mysterious way 
Thro’ the sealed ear to which a louder one 


Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 659 


Was all but silence—free of alms her hand— 

The hand that robed your cottage-walls with flowers 
Has often toil’d to clothe your little ones ; 

How often placed upon the sick man’s brow, 
Cool’d it, or laid his feverous pillow smooth ! 

Had you one sorrow and she shared it not? 

One burthen and she would not lighten it ? 

One spiritual doubt she did not soothe ? 

Or when some heat of difference sparkled out, 
How sweetly would she glide between your wraths, 
And steal you from each other! for she walk’d, 
Wearing the light yoke of that Lord of love, 

Who still’d the rolling wave of Galilee!” 

3. Give some account of four of the following :—Roman 
Britain from 78 a.p. ; Conversion of the English to Chris- 
tianity ; Struggle of the Barons with the Crown during the 
reigns of William II. and Henry 1. ; Conquest of Ireland in 
the time of Henry II.; John’s Contest with the Church; 
Struggle of the Scots for Independence under Robert Bruce ; 
Wars in France of Edward III.’s reign; State of parties in 
Scotland during the reigns of Robert III. and James I. ; 
Elizabeth and Mary Queen of Scots; The “ Sea-dogs” of 
Elizabeth’s reign. 

4. Tell what you know of four of the following :—The 
Feudal system in England under the early Norman Kings ; 
Contest of Crown with the Church during reigns of Henry 
I. and Henry II.; Struggle of the Crown with the Barons 
under Henry ITI. ; Joan of Arc; Henry VIII.’s breach with 
Rome; The Pilgrim Fathers; Charles I.’s contest with 
Parliament (1640-1642); Chief Acts of Parliament passed 
during reign of Charles II., with the main provisions in 
each; Trial of the Seven Bishops; Chief provisions of 
Revolution Settlement; The Union of the Scotch and 
English Parliaments ; William Pitt, Earl of Chatham; Lord 
Nelson; The Chartists and the Free Trade Movement ; 
The Crimean War. 

5. Mention the chief island possessions of Great Britain 
in the Old World—outside the British Isles; and state 


660 Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 


shortly the value of each to this Country Mention leading 
towns connected with each. 

6. State what industries are associated with any szx of the 
following river-basins :—Clyde, Trent, Shannon, Garonne, 
Charente, Ohio, La Plata, Essequibo, Ganges, Loire. 
Mention the most important industrial centres in each 
basin. 

7. Improve the following sentences, and give reasons for 
the changes you make :— 

(4) I saw my old school-fellow again by mere accident, 
when I was in London at the time of the first exhibition, 
walking down Regent Street, and looking in at the shops. 

(ὁ) I would be sorry to accept a different belief than this, 
that if a man once knew a habit to be injurious, he was 

capable of emancipating himself from it. 

(c) Being particularly gracious towards Longfellow, and 
having just written that authors were like cats, sure to purr 
when stroked the right way, Longfellow interrupted him 
with: ‘I purr, I purr.” 

(4) The veracity of this story is questionable, and there 
is the more reason for doubting the truth of the narrator, 
because in his remarks on the observation of the Sabbath, 
he distinctly alludes to a custom that can be shown never 
to have existed. 

8. Give a general analysis of the following passage, and 
parse the words italicised :— 

‘Tis the mass of men He loves; 
And, zhere there is most sorrow and most want, 
Where the high heart of man is trodden dow 
The most, there most He is, for there is He 
Most needed.” 

g. Explain and exemplify the following terms :—Dzp/- 
thong, verbal noun, finite verb, noun clause, double plurals, 
reflexive pronoun. Show also the difference in use between : 
—Further and farther, elder and older, latter and later. 

Or, 

Write down separately and give the force of (a) the pre- 

fixes in:—Dzisdain, ignorance, purpose, disaster, benumb, 


Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 661 


antidote, withstand; and (4) the suffixes in :— Worship, 
chivalry, wisdom, necessity, other, cadence, seldom. 

το. Give the derivation of s#x of the following words :— 
Curfew, chancellor, cicerone, alms, kerchief, peasant, homage, 
wanton, wassatl, currants, vinegar, stoical. 

11. Name the authors of σὴν of the following works, and 
give an account of one of the works:—Z%e Bruce, The 
Thrissel and the Rots; The Winters Tale; Comus; The 
Rape of the Lock; Battle of the Books; The Seasons ; The 
Traveller ; The Gentle Shepherd: The Giaour ; Marmion ; 
Quentin Durward ; The Caxtons ; Felix Holt; The Cloister 
and the Hearth. 

12. Describe the proceedings consequent upon a dissolu- 

_tion of Parliament, from the appeal to the constituencies 
till the assembling of the new Parliament, and the formation 
of a new Ministry. 


LATIN—GREEK—MATHEMATICS. 


The Papers in Latin, Greek, and Mathematics are the 
same as the Lower Standard Papers in these subjects for 
Degrees in Arts and Science. 


FRENCH. 
TUESDAY, Ist October 1895.—3 10 6 o'clock. 


if 

Translate into English :— 

Le roi de France (Louis XI.), vaillant de sa personne, 
avait moins de courage dans ses résolutions que le duc 
Charles. 1] avait aussi de bien plus grands embarras et plus 
de périls intérieurs dans le gouvernement de ses états ; mais 
c’était ἃ la fois le plus actif et le plus patient des hommes. 
Lorsque le duc de Bourgogne avait concu un projet, il s’y 
obstinait follement, et, quand enfin il y voyait trop d’ob- 
stacles, il se précipitait dans un autre. Le roi, au contraire, 
sans varier dans son dessein, ne mettait jamais nulle fierté 
ἃ y réussir par un moyen plutét que par un autre. La viva- 
cité de son génie le portait ἃ s’ennuyer assez vite de ce qui 
tardait trop, et alors il changeait non de but, mais de 


662 Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 


chemin. II réduisit ainsi tous ses ennemis les uns apres les 
autres, sachant attendre l’occasion, et surtout réparer ses 
fautes, parce qu’il les connaissait et savait mieux que per- 
sonne en quoi et pourquoi il s’était trompé. Quant a la 
ruse et au manque de foi, l’un ne pouvait guére en faire de 
reproches ἃ l'autre; mais chacun y faisait voir tout son 
naturel, et l’emportement du duc donnait quelque chose de 
brutal et de scandaleux ἃ ses trahisons, comme ἃ Péronne 
ou pour le connétable et la duchesse de Savoie. De méme 
ils étaient tous les deux sanguinaires, ainsi que la plupart 
des princes de leur temps, et faisaient peu de compte de la 
vie des hommes; mais le duc etait cruel par colére, et le 
roi par vengeance; l’un fit périr plus de gens par les mas- 
sacres, et l’autre par les supplices. BARANTE. 


II. GRAMMAR. 


1. Form three French sentences to show the three 
different meanings of /eur. 

2. Explain the use of the preposition de in “ quelque 
chose de brutal” of the preceding passage. Give other 
instances of the same construction. 

3. Give the plural of beau-frére, porte-feuille, celut-ct, notre, 
le vitre, sourd-muet. 

4. Name the French accents and explain their different 
functions. 

5. Form adverbs from douwx, cher, bon, fort, cruel, polt. 
Which of these adjectives may also be used as adverbs and 
under what circumstances? Give also the Present and Past 
Participle of craindre, savoir, condutre, voir. 


rT; 


Translate into French :— 

(a) George III. was one day visiting a small town in the 
south of England, and, being anxious to see something of 
the country, took a solitary walk. He came toa field in 
which there was only one woman at work. ‘The king asked 
where all the rest were. She said they were all gone into the 
town ἴο 566 the king. ‘‘ Why didn’t you go too?” said George. 


Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 663 


“Why!” she answered, “I wouldn’t walk three yards to see 
him. Besides, they have lost a day’s work by going, and 
I am too poor to do that, with five children to feed.” 
George slipped a sovereign into her hand, and said, ‘‘ When 
the rest come back, tell them that, while they were gone to 
see the king, the king came to see you, and left you his 
portrait in gold to remember him by.” 

(ὁ) When you have read the newspaper, give it to me, 
Do not be afraid, there is no danger. Give him something 
to eat, he seems to be very hungry. What a noise those 
children are making! Tell them to be quiet! We have 
not seen each other for the last ten years. 


Turspay, 2152 March 1896.—3 10. 6 o'clock. 


I. Translate into English :— 

Le premier trait qu’on remarque alors en Italie, c’est le 
manque d’une paix ancienne et stable, d’une justice exacte, et 
d’une police surveillante comme celle ἃ laquelle nous sommes 
habitués chez nous. Nous avons quelque peine ἃ nous 
représenter cet excts d’anxiété, de désordres et de violences. 
Nous sommes depuis trop longtemps dans I’état contraire. 
Nous avons tant de gendarmes et de sergents de ville que 
nous sommes enclins ἃ les trouver plus incommodes 
quutiles. Chez nous, lorsque quinze personnes se rassem- 
blent dans la rue pour voir un chien qui s’est cassé la patte, 
un homme ἃ moustaches arrive et leur dit: ‘‘ Messieurs, les 
rassemblements sont défendus, dispersez-vous.” Cela nous 
parait excessif ; nous maugréons (ze odject) et nous oublions 
de remarquer que ces mémes hommes ἃ moustaches donnent 
au plus riche et au plus faible assurance de se promener 
seul et sans armes ἃ minuit dans les rues désertes. Sup- 
primons-les par la pensée, et figurons-nous un monde dans 
lequel la police soit impuissante ou indifférente. On trouve 
de semblables pays dans l’Australie, en Amérique, par 
exemple, dans les places ott les chercheurs d’or accourent 
en foule et vivent au hasard, sans former encore un état 
organisé. La, si l’on craint ou si l’on recoit un coup ou une 
insulte, ἃ instant on décharge son revolver sur le concur- 


66. Medical Degrees—FPreliminary Examinations. 


rent ou sur l’adversaire. Celui-ci riposte, et parfois les 
voisins s’en mélent; 4 chaque instant il faut défendre son 
bien ou sa vie, et le danger est 14, brutal, subit, qui presse 
homme de tous les cotés. TAINE. 


II. GRAMMAR. 


1. Distinguish between any séx of the following pairs :— 
le, a" manche ; le, la vapeur ; le, la voile ; le, Ja manceuvre ; 
le, la mousse } un, une enseigne ; le mépris, la méprise ; le 
cété, la cote; le fil, la file. 

23 Distinguish between —(2) le ciseau, les ciseaux; la 
pratique, les pratiques ; les aieux, les aieuls ; (ὁ) de méchants 
vers, des vers méchants; un triste personnage, un person- 
nage triste ; un pauvre homme, un homme pauvre. 

ὩΣ Make feminines of any ¢hree of the following adjectives, 
and of any ‘ree of the following substantives :—doux, roux, 
civil, gentil, dévot, sot ; le compagnon, le docteur, le sendre, 
le sg ee le dieu, le loup. 

. Translate :—On Saturday, 21st March 1896, from half- 
aa two to a quarter to four in the afternoon. 

5. Answer any one of the following questions :— 

(a) Give 3rd pers. sing. pres. indic. of :—mouvoir, 
s’asseoir, hair, bouillir, naitre, jeter. 

(2) Give 3rd pers. sing. preterite of :—acquérir, savoir, 
s’en aller, tenir, écrire, croitre. 

(c) Give 3rd pers. sing. future of:—pouvoir, falloir, pleu- 
voir, envoyer, employer, mener. 

(4) Give 2nd pers. sing. pres, subj. of :—mouvoir, falloir, 
voir, faire, plaire, devoir, acheter. 

III. Translate into French :— 

(a) A gentleman was walking along a street in London, 
when he met a man with only one arm who held out his hat 
to him with a smile. On looking at him more closely, he 
remembered having seen him somewhere before. The 
gentleman put a few coppers into his hat and said to him 
that he seemed to know his face. The beggar replied that 
he had seen him many a time passing a certain bridge. 
“ But I thought that you were blind,” said the gentleman, 


Medical Degrees-—Preliminary Examinations. 665 


“That is true, sir,” said the beggar, “but a man must have 
a change from time to time. I am not working to-day 
because I wish to give my eyes a little rest. But I have 
asked a friend of mine to take my place on the bridge.” 

(ὁ) τ. Did I not tell you? 2. I fear she has not told 
them the whole truth. 3. They never think of it, and I 
doubt very much whether they have remembered it this 
time. 4. As they do not allow that we should come down, 
we must stay here. 5. She wanted you not to speak so loud 
lest the infant should waken. 6. You should have answered 
his letter at once. 


GERMAN. 
WEDNESDAY, 27d October 1895.—3 20 6 o'clock. 


if 


Translate into English :— 

(8 war am 5. MNoventher 1757 bet dem Dorje MoFbach, eine Meile von 
Liken, wo (δ αὖ Adolf gefallen war, als eine der fonderbarften Schlachten 
geltefert wurde. Der Konig loctte die Franzofen durch cine ritctgdngige 
Bewegung aus threr vyortetthaften Stellung. Sie glaubten er fuche ὦ 
aus ihren Handen zu vetten und bhemithten fich Daher, thm in den θὲ οι 
zu fommen. Friedrich, dev fic) wieder gelagert hatte, verlief fic) auf die 
Gejchwindigfeit, mit weldher jeine Truppen im SCchlachtordnung geftel(t 
werden fonnten, jah daher den Beweguugen dev Feinde gelaffen zu und 
lieB jetne Linten nicht einmal ausriicten. Das preugifde Lager ftand 
unbeweglich, und da es eben Mittagszeit war, befhaftigten fid) die Soldaten 
mit ihren Mahlzeiten. Die Frangofen, welche dtes in der Ferne fahen, 
trauten faum ihren Sinnen ; fie hielten eg fiir Dumpfe Vergweiflung, in der 
man felbjt auf alle Verteidigung Verzicht leiftet. Diefe auf’s hechite gefpannte 
Srivartung war nicht wenig Urfache ihres fo geringen Widerftandes und 
ihres pantiden Schrectens. Der General Ceydlis naimlicy fam mit ver 
preupijchen Retteret auf einmal hinter einem Hiigel Hervor und ftiirgte wie 
ein Donnerivetter mit fiinftlichen Wendungen auf den hoffrungstrunfenen 
Keind (os. Was nte auf einem Schlachtfelde erhort war, gefdhah hier; dte 
leidhthewaffneten Oujaren mit ihren behenden Pferden waren verwegen genug, 
Die fchwere franzoftjdhe Meiteret trow ihrer Foloffalen Moffe angufallen. Sie 
wurde tiber Den Haufen geworfen. CGoubije lies die Macdhhut vorviicéen ; 
allein faumt zeigte fie fich, jo wurde fie auch ans dem Felde gefdlagen. 

Ardenholty, 


666 Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 


II.. GRAMMAR. 


1. Give the genitive of: Sans, Auguitus, Sophie, Friederich 
Schiller, Matfer Franz, Marl der Grofe. 

2. Give instances of the use of the accusative and genitive 
respectively to denote time. 

3. Give the feminine of: Gott, Hund, Gdelmann, Prinz; and 
explain the difference of the feminine formation in die Deutfdje 
and die Franzsfin, corresponding to der Deutjche, der Frangofe, 
respectively. 

4. What cases are governed by the following prepositions 
and verbs: nad, fiir, auf, neben, gehordjen, folgen. Give instances 
in each case. 

5. Give the third person singular of the present and 
imperfect indicative and the past participle of wiffen, faufen, 
graben, bitten, beten, ziehen. 


III. 


Translate into German :— 

(2) Fox, the great statesman, who was the rival of Pitt, 
owed a tradesman twenty pounds ; and the tradesman, who 
had often asked him for it, called one day and found 
Fox counting money. ‘Ah! sir,” cried he, “I am glad 
to see you have plenty of money to-day; perhaps you will 
be good enough to pay me my little bill.” Fox answered 
that he was very sorry, but he really could not: he owed 
the money to Mr Sheridan, and it was a debt of honour. 
“ Well,” said the tradesman, ‘‘I will make mine a debt of 
honour too,” and he tore up the promissory note which 
Fox had given him for the money. Fox paid him at once, 
saying, ‘‘My debt to you is of older standing; Sheridan 
must wait.” 

(2) I wished you had been here. ‘They believed it to 
be true. He left without looking back. We were most 
kindly received by our neighbours. He was very pleased 
with everything he saw. When we arrived they were just 
going to begin. 


Medical Degrees—Preliminary Examinations. 667 


WEDNESDAY, Is¢ April 1896.—3 to 6 o’clock. 
if 


Translate into English :— 

Sest muf id) Div dod) auch nod} etwas von meiner Reije erzahlen.— 
Weift Du wohl, daf Dein Freund einmal dem Tode recht πάθε war 2 
(δυζάνί nicht, δίοβ nahe, und noch feeht ev mit allen feinen Fifer mt 
Leben. Ant folgenden Tage nachdent teh meinen Brief an Dich tn Gottingen 
auf die Poft gegeben hatte, retjten wir yon Diefer Stadt ab nach Sranffurt 
am Main. Finf Meilen yon diefem Orte, in Bugbach, einem Εἴποι 
Stadtchen, hielten wir an einem Morgen an einem Wirtshauje an, den 
Pferden Heu vyorzulegen, wobet Sohann thnen dte Sigel abnahm und wir 
beide forglos fiken blieben. Wahrend Safann in dem Haufe war, fommt 
ein 3ug von Gjeln hinter uns her, und einer von ihnen erhebt ein fo 
grapliches Gefchret, dab wir felbit, wenn wir nicht fo vernimftiq waren, 
jhe geworden waren. Unfere Pferde aber, die das Unglivcf haben Fein 
Vernunft 3u befigen, hoben fich ferzengrade in die Hohe und gingen dann 
fpornftreichs mit uns iiber dem Steinpflafter τῷ. Sch αὐ} nach der 
Leine—aber die Zirgel lagen den Pferden aufgelsft ber der Brujt, und ehe 
wir Zeit Hatten an die Grope der Gefahr gu denen, fchlug unjer [οἰ ἰοῦ 
Wagen unt und wir ftitrzten.— Mlfo an einem Cfelsgefdret hing ein 
Menjhenleben.—Wir ftanden aber heide frifeh und gefund wieder auf und 
umarmten uns. Der Wage war ganz umgeftirrzt, Die Mader zu δου, 
ein Mad war ganz zertriimumert, die Deichfel (pole) zerbrodjen, die Gefchirre 
servifjen. Das foftete uns dret Couisd'or und vierundswanzig Stunden, 
Dann ging es weiter—iwohin? Gott weif es. 


H. υ. Kei ft. 
II, GRAMMAR. 


1. Give the nominative and genitive singular and the 
nominative plural, with the definite article, of the German 
words for any σὴν of the following: dzrd, village, tree, prince, 
queen, body, heart, name, soldier, cat. 

2. Give comparative and superlative of: nah, bunt, bitter, 
fangfam, fhiwarz, hod). 

3. Decline singular and plural of: der (relat. pronoun), 

Du, dasfelbe. 

4. Mention ¢wo prepositions governing the dative, /wo 
governing the accusative, and /wo governing both these 
cases. Give short examples. 

5. Give the 3rd person singular present and past and the 


668 Medical Degrees—-Professional Examinations. 


past participle of any szx of the following : anfehen, entlaufen 
antworten, arbeiten, halten, bredhen, wiffen, magen, reifen, Leiter. 


III. 


Translate into German :— 

(a2) Robert Burns was standing one day upon the quay 
(Hafendamm, m.) at Greenock, when a wealthy merchant, 
who lived in that town, had the misfortune to fall into the 
water. As he could not swim he would certainly have died, 
had not a seaman jumped into the river and saved him. 
When the merchant had recovered (Πᾧ evholen yon) a little 
from his fright, he put his hand (gvreifer) into his pocket, 
took out a shilling and gave it to the sailor. The people 
who saw this were very angry that such a rich man should 
not reward the poor fellow better who had risked (agent) 
his life for him. “My dear friends,” said Burns, “ don’t 
you see that this gentleman must know best how much 
his life is worth. We ail know his exact value now.’ 

(2) τ. 1 asked her for a cup of tea. 2. He asked me if 
I had written to her. 3. You may read this book, if you 
like. 4. Give it to your brother, when you have seen it. 
5. When he told me that I was right, it was too late. 6. 
On coming home we found that the letter had arrived after 
we had left the house. 


FIRST PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION. 
CHEMISTRY. 
Monpay, 227d July 1895.—10 to 12 O'clock. 


(N.B.—£ xpress your meaning in words, and also by means 
of equations whenever possible.) 


1. How can Chromic Oxide be prepared from Chromic 
Anhydride? How can Chromic Anhydride be prepared 
from Chromic Oxide? 

2. What takes place when Sulphuretted Hydrogen is 
added to an aqueous solution of each of the following :— 
(2) Potassium Chromate ; (4) Potassium Permanganate ; 


Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 669 


(c) Sulphurous Acid; (4) Ferric Chloride; (6) Cupric 
Chloride ? 

3. What takes place when each of the following sub- 
stances is boiled with excess of aqueous solution of Caustic 
Potash :—(a) Olive Oil; (4) Chloroform; (c) Common 
Alum ; (4) Chrome Alum; (6) Ethyl Acetate? 

4. Name three oxidising agents. Give two examples of 
the oxidising action of each. 

5. Calculate (to two places of decimals) the percentage 
composition of Silver Acetate— 

Per, C—12, O—16, ΑΡΞΞ τοῦ, 


Monpay, 237a@ March 1896.—10 to 12 clock. 


(N.B.—L xpress your meaning in words, and also by means 
of equations whenever possible.) 


τ. Describe three methods of oxidising hydrogen chloride, 
and three of reducing hydrogen sulphate. State in each 
case what conditions as to temperature and concentration - 
you consider necessary. 

2. What reactions occur when silver nitrate is added to 
aqueous solutions of the following :—(a) Hydrogen Chloride ; 
(ὁ) Sodium Sulphide; (c) Sodium Cyanide; (4) Sodium 
Thiosulphate ; (e) Sodium Sulphite ? 

In each case describe all the phenomena which may be 
observed. 

3. Starting from metallic lead, how would you prepare— 
(az) Lead Iodide; (4) Litharge; (Ὁ Lead Sulphate; (ὦ) 
Peroxide of Lead Ὁ 

4. Give a method for the preparation of Ethylamine. 
What are the products of its combustion? How can 
alcohol be obtained from it? 

5. What weight of metallic zinc is required for the pre- 
cipitation of five grams of metallic silver froma solution of 
silver acetate ? 

i= τ (C= 12, O=16, Zn —65, As — τοῦ: 


670 Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 


ELEMENTARY BOTANY. 
Monnay, 227d July 1895.—1 29 3 o'clock. 


(Four Questions only to be attempted.) 
Illustrate your answers by Drawings. 


1. Describe the structure of the flower in an Orchis. 
Point out the adaptations in flower to insect pollination. 
Draw its flower-diagram. 

2. Write the life-history of any Fungus, and compare it 
with that of an Alga. 

3. What is the difference between Meroblastic and Holo- 
blastic segmentation of an egg? Illustrate your answer by 
the description of an example of each. 

4. A seed of a dicotyledonous plant is sown under suit- 
able conditions of temperature, moisture, and air. Describe 
the changes that occur in the seed, and the manner of 
growth of the young plant it contains up to the time of 
formation of the first epicotyledonary leaves. 

5. Arrange the vegetable kingdom in groups and classes, 
giving diagnostic characters of each group and class. 


Monpay, 237a@ March 1896.—1 to 3 o'clock. 
(Four Questions only to be attempted.) 
LTMustrate your answers by Drawings. 


1. Write a short account of the process of Carbon- 
assimilation in green plants. 

2. Describe the structure of the root in a monocotyle- 
donous plant. Show how the structure you describe is 
related to the functions performed by the root. 

3. What is meant by Definite Inflorescence? Classify 
the forms of this inflorescence, and give an example of 
each. 

4. Compare the chief stages in the life-histories of a 
Moss and a Fern. 

5. Describe the fruit in Cruciferze, Orchideze, Graminez, 
Umbelliferze. 


Medical Degrees—FProfessional Examinations. 671 


ELEMENTARY ZOOLOGY. 


TUESDAY, 237d July 1895.—10 29 12 o'clock. 
(Only Four Questions to be answered.) 


1. Write a short account of the Aquatic Carnivora 
(Pinnipedia), indicating especially (1) how they differ from 
the Fissipedia, and (2) their Geographical Distribution. 

2. Contrast the Nephridia in Arenicola, Hirudo, and 
Anodon, and state what you know of the fate of the 
Nephridia in a young dogfish (Scyllium). 

3. Describe the fore limb of a Fowl. What modifica- 
tions are found in the fore limb of a Whale, a Bat, and a 
Horse ? 

4. What are the foetal membranes? In what animals 
do they occur, and what functions do they perform ? 

5. Write a short account of the intestinal parasites. 
What changes in structure are usually associated with a 
parasitic habit of life ? 


TuEsDAY, 24¢4 March 1896.—10 20 12 o'clock. 
(Only Four Questions to be answered.) 


1, What are the features common to a Snail, a Mussel, 
and a Squid, which lead us to classify all these animals as 
Molluscs? Write a short account of the habits of each’ 
of these animals. 

2. Describe the development of the nervous system in a 
Vertebrate, and enumerate the parts of the adult brain 
which arise from the fore- mid- and hind-brain respectively. 

3. Distinguish between the terms “homologous” and 
“analogous,” and illustrate your answer by reference to 
the various forms of body cavity met with in the animal 
kingdom. 

4. Mention the distinctive characters of the Tunicata ; or 
describe the anatomy of a simple Ascidian. Upon what 
grounds are the Tunicata classified with the Chordata ? 

5. Point out in what respects Ornithorhynchus may be 


672 Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 


considered lower in organisation than (1) Macropus and (2) 
Lepus. 


PHY Ses: 
TuESDAY, 237d July 1895.—1 20 3 o'clock. 
(Not more than Four Questions in all to be answered.) 


τ. Account for the spherical form of free drops of liquid ; 
and explain the difference in behaviour of water and mercury 
drops on a clean glass plate. 

2. State various reasons for the conclusion that apparently 
homogeneous bodies such as water, mercury, &c., have a 
grained structure :—and point out one means of approxi- 
mating to the limit at which heterogeneity begins. 

3. Describe the successive effects of the continued appli- 
cation of heat to τὸ lbs. of water substance, originally at 
—10°C. How much heat is required to effect the transition 
from each physical state to the next? How does pressure 
influence the relation between volume and temperature, and 
how does it affect the melting and boiling points ? 

4. What is Wave Motion? Compare and contrast, as 
regards the character of the motion and the forces involved, 
the following types :—Ocean waves, ripples, and the waves 
that constitute sound and light. 

5. An object is viewed through a convex lens. Sketch 
the course of the rays from any point of the object to the 
eye, (τ) When the image is real; (2) When it is virtual. A 
long-sighted person is unable to see objects distinctly at any 
distance less than 20 inches. ‘To what extent will his range 
of vision be extended by a convex lens of 15 inches focal 
length ? 

6. Give Ohm’s law, and define the quantities involved. 

The electromotive force of a cell is 11 volts, and its re- 
sistance ΟἽ ohm. Compare the currents produced in a 
wire of to ohms resistance, by one such cell, and by two 
cells in series, and also the amount of heat developed in 
unit time by the current in each case. 


Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 673 


Turspay, 24¢h March 1896.—1 to 3 o'clock. 
(Only FOUR of the following Questions to be answered.) 


1. Define the terms Unit of Heat, Specific Heat, Latent 
Fleat, Dynamical Equivalent of Feat. 

Taking the specific heat of ice as ‘5, and its latent heat as 
80, find how many units of heat are required to raise ro lbs. 
of ice from — 20°C. to+20°C. Show how to express the 
result in foot-pounds. 

2. Explain what is meant by the terms Amplitude, Period, 
and Phase, in relation to wave motion, and illustrate each 
of these characteristics by reference to phenomena in Light 
and Sound. 

3. Show how to determine experimentally any two of the 
following quantities :—(a) the Specific Gravity of a sub- 
stance; (4) the Focal Length of a Convex Lens; (c) the 
Electrical Resistance of a given wire; (4) the form of the 
Lines of Force near a thin bar magnet. 

4. State and prove the law of efflux of water through a 
small orifice in the side of the containing vessel. If the 
water be allowed to escape through a tube, what new force 
comes into action, and how does its effect depend on the 
bore of the tube ? 

5. Explain the mode of propagation of sound, and state 
its effects on the temperature of the air through which it 
passes. What is its speed, and what would be its speed if 
no change of temperature took place. 

6. Describe the principle of the Leyden Jar, and show 
how its capacity (which define) depends upon the nature 
and thickness of the material of which it is made. Why 
must one of the coatings be put to earth in order that the 
jar may be fully charged ? 


SECOND PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION. 
ANATOMY. 
WepnEspay, 1772 July 1895.—10 to 12 o'clock. 
1. Which spinal nerves form the Brachial plexus? What 
is their mode of arrangement in it? Name the branches 
οὖ 


674 Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 


which arise, both above and below the Clavicle, and state 
the parts of the plexus from which they spring. 

2. Give the position and connections of the Gastro- -Hepatic 
Omentum. Describe the origin and course of the arteries 
between its two layers. What. is the minute structure of a 
serous membrane ? 

3. Name the peduncles of the Cerebellum, and state, in 
general terms, the connections which they establish. 

4. Give the systematic dissection of the Spermatic Cord 
in the inguinal region. Name, in proper order, its cover- 
ings, and describe the position, extent, and boundaries of 
the inguinal canal. 


TuHurRsDAY, 2674 March 1896.—1I0 20 12 odode: 


1. Describe the origin, course, and distribution of the 
arteries which convey blood to the Large Intestine. 

2. Describe the origin, course, and distribution of the 
Spinal Accessory Nerve. 

3. Describe 4., the arrangement of the grey matter of the 
Cerebellum: £#., the distribution and form of the Nerve 
Cells in the superficial grey matter. 

4. Give the steps of the dissection to expose the G/uteus 
maximus. ‘Then reflect the muscle, and describe the arrange- 
ment and relations of the objects subjacent to it. 


PHYSIOLOGH, 
WEDNESDAY, 17¢h July 1895.—1 20. 3 o'clock. 


i. (a) Describe the structure and arrangement of the 
pyramidal cells and their processes in the motor region of 
the cortex of the human cerebrum. 

(2) State approximately, or draw a diagram showing the 
positions of the most definitely ascertained centres in the 
motor region of an ape’s brain. 

(c) State the evidence on which such localisation of 
function is based. 

2. (a) Describe the visible changes that occur in the cells 
of the pancreas during rest and activity. 


Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 675 


(ὁ) Name the constituents of pancreatic juice, and briefly 
state their effects on the chyme. 

(c) What effects follow complete excision of the gland in 
dogs ? 

3. (a) Describe the methods by which you would estimate 
the amount of haemoglobin, and the number of the corpus- 
cular elements in a given sample of human blood. 

(4) Describe the development of coloured blood corpuscles 
in the mesoblast of a chick, and the manner in which they 
are renewed in a mammal throughout adult life. 

(Aid your descriptions by sketches when desirable.) 


TuurspDaAy, 26¢h March 1896.—1 10 3 o'clock. 


1. What are characters and causes of the normal Cardiac 
and Respiratory Sounds, and where are the several sounds 
heard most distinctly ? 

2. (a) Explain why the physical and physiological heat- 
values of a Carbo-hydrate are identical, while those of a 
Proteid differ. 

(ὁ) State the evidence regarding the seats of formation, 
and sources of Urea and Uric acid in mammals and birds. 

3. (a) Describe the minute structure of the Spleen, and 
the mode of observing variations in the volume of the 
organ. 

(2) What are the causes of its variations in volume, and 
what theories are entertainable regarding the functions of 
the organ, and on what grounds ? 


MATERIA MEDICA. 
THURSDAY, t8¢h July 1895.—10 20 12 O'clock. 


τ. What are the chief chemical properties and therapeutic 
uses of Permanganate of Potassium ? 

2. Into what substance is Sa/o/ decomposed after its 
introduction into the alimentary canal? What are its 
therapeutic uses and doses ? 

3. Mention one chemical test for the identification of 
Strychnine. Describe its pharmacological action. What 
are its doses, and the doses of its liquid preparation ? 


66 Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 


4. What is the botanical source of Santonin? ΤῸ what 
chemical group of active principles does it belong? State 
its therapeutic uses and doses. 

5. Define Zamella. Mention the Lamellae that are 
officinal, and the therapeutic uses of each of them. 


Fripay, 27¢2 March 1896.—10 7209 12 o'clock. 


1. Describe the physical and sensible properties and 
Therapeutic uses of Jodide of Potassium. What are its 
doses ? 

2. State the sources, doses, pharmacological action, and 
therapeutic uses of Sadicylic acid. 

3. Describe the pharmacological action and therapeutic 
uses of Οἱ of Turpentine. 

4. What is the pharmacological action of Cantharides ? 
Explain why the poisonous symptoms of toxic doses are 
shown in connection with only certain organs and parts of 
the body. State its uses by internal administration, and 
the doses of the tincture. 

5. What are suppositories? Mention four which are 
officinal, each with a different active ingredient, and the 
therapeutic uses of each of those mentioned. 


PATHOLOGY. 
Tuurspay, 18¢h July 1895.—1 to 3 o'clock. 


1. Pericarditis. State the causes and varieties of peri- 
carditis. 

Describe the naked eye and microscopical characters in 
the acute stage of the common form. What effects may be 
produced by it—(qa) in the pericardium ; (4) in the heart? 

2. Pernicious Anemia. Wescribe the changes in the 
blood and in the organs of the body in this disease. 

3. Intussusception. Mention the positions at which it 
may occur, and their relative frequency. Describe the effects 
produced in the bowel. 

4. Give an account of the following parasites— 

(1) Ankylostoma duodenale. 


Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 677 


(2) Distoma haematobium (Bilharzia). 

(3) Filaria Sanguinis hominis. 

(4) Filaria (or Dracunculus) Medinensis, as regards (a) 
their characters when found in the body; (ὁ) their life- 
history ; (c) the changes which they produce. 


For April Paper see under Third Professional Examination. 


SECOND AND THIRD PROFESSIONAL 
EXAMINATIONS. 


PATHOLOGY, 
TuHuRSDAY, 27d April 1896.—10 #0 12 o'clock. 


1. Describe the changes found in the Lung in Acute 
Lobar Pneumonia. What is known as to the causes of the 
disease ? 

2. Pernicious Anaemia. Describe the changes observed 
in the blood and in the viscera in this disease. 

3. Give an account of the following parasites, and of their 
relations to disease :—Bilharzia Haematobia, Ankylostoma 
Duodenale, Filaria Sanguinis Hominis ? 

4. What changes are found in the Central Nervous System 
in Acute Tubercular Meningitis ? 


THIRD PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION. 
MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. 
THURSDAY, 22d April 1896.—1 #0 3 o'clock. 

I.— Hanging. 

1. What appearances are to be looked for in a case of 
suicidal hanging ? 
(a) External. (4) Internal. (ὦ What is found to have 
occurred in judicial hanging ? 
Il.—Carbolic Acid Poisoning. 


1. Describe the symptoms in detail. 2. What are the 
post-mortem appearances? 3. What is the treatment ? 


678 Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 


IIIl.—Svarvation. 


What are the post-mortem appearances in death from 
this cause ? 


PUBLIC HEALTH. 
TuHurspay, 27d April 1896.—1 fo 3 o'clock. 
I.— Selection of Residence. 
τ. A patient is desirous of taking a home at the sea-side 
for the benefit of his children, and he wishes you to help in 
his choice of a locality. State (a) the different sorts of data 


you would require to enable you to form a decision ; (4) the 
steps you would take to obtain the data in question. 


Il.— Mlk Epidemics. 
In what way may milk be concerned in the causation of 
Epidemics ? 
Upon what evidence would you rely for tracing a given 
Epidemic to such cause ? 


IlI.— Prophylaxis of Infectious Disease. 

In the event of the occurrence at different times of cases 
of (a) Typhus fever, (4) Smallpox, (c) Enteric fever, in a 
village unprovided with hospital accommodation, state in each 
instance the considerations which would chiefly influence 
you in advising persons how to avoid the existing infection. 


FINAL PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION. 
PRACTICE OF PHYSIC: 
Monpay, 17¢/ June 1895.—10 29 12 o'clock. 
(Only THREE guestions to be answered.) 


1. Enumerate and explain the chief indications which 
show that a case of Phthisis pulmonalis is approaching a 
fatal termination. 

2. What diseases of the skin are due to animal parasites ? 
Give the chief clinical features and the treatment of each, 


Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 679 


with two prescriptions such as you would send to the 
druggist. 

3. Give the morbid anatomy and clinical history of a 
case of Ulcerative Endocarditis, and indicate the treatment 
which you would adopt, with two prescriptions such as you 
would send to the druggist. 

4. What do you understand by the term Uraemia? Give 
its causes, and the clinical features and treatment of its 
leading forms. 


MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. 
Monpay, 17th June 1895.—1 20 3 o'clock. 
].—4hlood Stain. 


1. Describe the process for determining whether a stain 
(on a shirt) is blood or other colouring matter by the 
coagulation method. 


Il.—Life Insurance. 


Proposer is a man aged 25. 

Height is 5 feet 10 inches. Weight ro stone. 

No personal illness since diseases of childhood. 

Nothing discovered by percussion or auscultation, except 
a slightly greater vocal resonance at right apex. 

A sister at 28 “ died after child-birth.” 

Parents and family otherwise healthy. 

1. Judging by the above facts, what would be your 
opinion as to the insurability of proposer. 

2. What further information would you require to enable 
you to form a full opinion ? 


III.—-Opium Potsoning. 

A man is not seen by a medical man till six or seven 
hours after he had swallowed two to three ounces of 
laudanum. 

t. What symptoms would he then present ? 

2. How would you diagnose between cerebral heemor- 
rhage and opium poisoning ? 


680 Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 


PUBLIC HEALTH. 
Monpay, 17¢/ June 1895.—1 70. 3 o'clock. 
I.— Sewer Air. 

Describe and illustrate by rough diagrams means adequate 
for preventing the access of sewer or drain air to the interior 
of a dwelling-house by way of :— 

(a) The waste pipe of a kitchen sink. (ὁ) The water- 
closet soil pipe. (c) What effect, apart from the transmission 
of certain infectious diseases, would you expect to follow on 
the human subject from the habitual breathing of sewer air? 


Il.—Mitk Epidemics. 
Describe the manner in which milk may become an 
agency for spreading— 
(a) Scarlet fever. (4) Enteric fever. (ὦ Diptheria. 


III.—JLnfection. 

(a) State the range of duration of the periods of incuba- 
tion of each of the following diseases :— 

1. Cholera. 2. Typhus fever. 3. Enteric fever. 4. Scarlet 
fever. 5. Smallpox. 6. Measles. 7. Diptheria. 8. Mumps, 

(4) At what period in the course of convalescence from 
each of the above-named diseases would you regard a 
patient as free from infection ? 


SURGERY. 


TueEspay, 18th June 1895.—10 to 12 o'clock. 
(Only THREE Questions to be answered.) 


1. What are the Causes, Symptoms, Prognosis, and Treat- 
ment of Retropharyngeal abscess ? 

2. What forms of Ulceration may attack the Tongue? 
Give briefly the leading diagnostic features of each. Describe 
the operation of Excision of the Tongue (by Whitehead’s 
method). 

2. What dangers (local and general) arise from Burns ἢ 

What varieties of Burns are specially dangerous (locally 
and generally). 


Medical Degrees—Professional Examinations. 681 


Describe the local treatment of a large recent Superficial 
Burn of the Thorax. 

4. Name the diseases which attack the Prostate Gland. 

State the main points which would enable you to make a 
diagnosis between the different varieties of Prostatic Disease. 


MIDWIFERY. 
TueEspbAy, 18th June 1895.—1 20 3 o'clock. 
(A THREE Questions to be answered.) 
I.—Placenta and the Third Stage of Labour. 

1. Indicate normal and abnormal sites of the Placenta. 

2. Describe the structural relations of the Placenta to 
the Uterine Wall before Labour. 

3. Describe the changes occurring during the Third Stage 
of Labour. 

4. Describe the management of the Third Stage. 

II.— Relation of Fibroid Tumours of the Uterus to 
Pregnancy and Parturition, 

1. What influence may Uterine Fibroids have on Preg- 
nancy ? 

2. How does their presence modify Prognosis during the 
First, Second, and Third Stages of Labour, and in the 
Puerperium ? 

3. What varieties of operative interference may be 
necessitated by their presence during Labour? 

111.---716 Fallopia Tubes. 

1. Describe their form, situation, and relations. 

2. Mention the chief Salpingeal inflammations, and give 
their symptoms and consequences. 


CLINICAL MEDICINE. 
Examinations, written, oral and practical, on cases in 
wards of the Royal Infirmary. 
CLINICAL SURGERY. 
Examinations, written and oral, on the Symptoms, Diag- 
nosis, and treatment of Surgical Cases in the wards of the 
Royal Infirmary. 


682 Fellowships in Medicine. 


Fellowships, Scholarships, Bursaries, and 
Prizes in Medicine. 
I—FELLOWSHITPS. 
IL—THE SYME SURGICAL FELLOWSHIP. 


This Fellowship, of the annual value of 4105, and tenable for 
two years, is open to competition among Bachelors of Medicine and 
Masters in Surgery of not more than three years’ standing, who, in the 
opinion of the Examiners, have passed a creditable examination for 
these degrees, and presents the best Thesis on a Surgical subject giving 
evidence of original research, or practical talent, whether such Thesis 
be given in for Graduation or otherwise. The next award may be at 
the Graduation Ceremonial in August 1897. See Deed of Foundation, 
at p. 310 of CALENDAR for 1872-73. 

1895. Not awarded. 


Il. THE GOODSIR MEMORIAL FELLOWSHIP. 


This Fellowship was founded in 1872 by the subscribers to the fund 
for a memorial of the late Professor John Goodsir, and is for the 
encouragement of the study of Anatomy and Physiology. It is of the 
annual value of £100, tenable for two years, and is open to all 
Graduates in Medicine of the University of not more than three years’ 
standing at the time of the competition, and to Licentiates of the 
Colleges of Physicians or Surgeons of Edinburgh of a like standing, who 
have attended within the University the same number of classes as are 
required for the Degree of M.B. It is awarded for the best Essay or 
Treatise containing results of original investigations in Anatomy, 
Human and Comparative, either Normal or Pathological, or in Experi- 
mental Physiology ; Candidates may be examined wva voce or otherwise 
on the subject of their Essays or Treatises if the Examiners shall deem 
this desirable. 

The next award may be made in August 1897, and competing Disserta- 
tions must be lodged with the Professor of Anatomy not later than the 
30th April previously. See Deed of Foundation at p. 314 of CALENDAR 
for 1872-73. 


II].—THE LECKIE-MACTIER FELLOWSHIP. 

The Leckie-Mactier Fellowship, of the annual value of £80, is 
awarded to Bachelors of Medicine of not more than three years’ 
standing, and is tenable for three years. The examinations comprise 
written reports and commentaries on medical, surgical, and gyneco- 
logical cases in the University Wards in the Royal Infirmary, and 
written examinations in Midwifery, Medical Jurisprudence, and Public 
Health; also oral examinations in Medicine, Surgery, Midwifery, 


Scholarships in Medicine. 683 


Medical Jurisprudence, and Public Health. Every holder of the 
Fellowship must, before the expiry of his tenure, transmit to, and if 
required read publicly in presence of the Medical Faculty, a com- 
munication embodying the result of original observation or historical 
research in some department of medicine. Next appointment may be 
made in November 1898. See Deed of Foundation at p. 365 of 
CALENDAR for 1880-81. 


1895. Robert Hutchison, M.B., Ὁ. 27. 


IV. FREELAND BARBOUR FELLOWSBIP. 

This Fellowship is of the value of £100, and is open to award, in 
each alternate year, to the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery 
who has gained the highest collective marks in Anatomy, Physiology, 
and Pathology in the Professional Examinations, and who is prepared 
to devote not less than one year to original research in Midwifery or 
diseases of women, in any of the Laboratories or Practical Depart- 
ments of the University of Edinburgh. The next award will be made 
in July 1898. See Deed of Foundation at page 517 of CALENDAR for 
1889-90. 

1894. Robert Ward Briggs, M.B., C.M. 


THE WILLIAM DICKSON TRAVELLING FUND. 


This is a fund for the purpose of assisting Graduates of any Faculty, 
of not more than three years’ standing, to travel for the purpose of 
study or research. For particulars, see page 356. 


THE SWINEY LECTURESHIP ON GEOLOGY. 


This Lectureship is in the patronage of the Trustees of the British 
Museum, is of the annual value of £144, and is open to Graduates in 
any of the Faculties of this University who have obtained their Degrees 
after Examination. For further particulars, see page 468. 


IT— SCHOLARSHIPS. 


I.—ETTLES SCHOLARSHIP IN MEDICINE. 

This Scholarship was founded in 1868 by Miss Mary Ettles of Inver- 
ness, and is of the annual value of about £35. It is awarded annu- 
ally to the Bachelor of Medicine and Master in Surgery of the Univer- 
sity of Edinburgh, whom the Faculty of Medicine may consider the 
most distinguished of that year. See Deed of Foundation, at page 242 
of CALENDAR for 1868-69. 

1895. Joseph Edward Bowes, M.B., C.M. 


II.—SIBBALD MEDICAL SCHOLARSHIP. 
This Scholarship is of the annual value of £40. F¢rst, The Scholar- 
ship is bestowed on, and held by, a Student in the Faculty of 
Medicine in the University of Edinburgh, wo does not hold any 


684 Scholarships in Medicine. 


other Scholarship or Bursary, and is tenable for three years, during 
each year the Scholar must complete an Annus Medicus required from 
Candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine. Second, It is 
bestowed upon the Student obtaining the highest place by Competitive 
Examination, and is open to all Candidates who have not previously 
been Students of Medicine in any other School or University, and 
who have attended Medical Classes in the University of Edinburgh, 
for not less than one Winter and one Summer Session, and for ot 
more than one Winter and two Summer Sessions. ‘The Competitive 
Examination is in Chemistry, Botany, Natural History, and Physics, 
and is conducted in such manner as the Senatus Academicus may, 
in concurrence with the Trustees, prescribe. The next competition 
may take place in October 1897. Application to be made to Messrs 
MACKENZIE, INNES & LOGAN, W.S., 23 Queen Street, Edinburgh, — 
1894. D. B. Waters. 


Il1I.—THOMSON SCHOLARSHIP. 


The Thomson Scholarship, value £40, tenable for four years, open 
to matriculated students commencing their first Winter Session in 
Medicine. The examination is on Botany, Zoology, and Elementary 
Mechanics. The Scholarship is awarded to the candidate who 
shall obtain the highest number of marks in the examination. 
The Trustees, however, reserve power to themselves to withhold 
the appointment should none of the candidates obtain a sufficiently 
high percentage of the marks in the examination. Candidates must 
send in their names to the agents for the Trust before the first 
day of October in the year in which there is a competition for the 
Scholarship. Students of the name of Thomson or Traquair, or those 
who are natives of the town or county of Dumfries, or of the city of 
Edinburgh, havea preference. The next appointment may be made in 
October 1898. For other particulars, application to be made to Messrs 
Traquair, Dickson & Maclaren, W.S., 11 Hill Street, Edinburgh. 

1894. James Masson. 


I1V.—COLDSTREAM MEMORIAL MEDICAL MISSIONARY 
SCHOLARSHIP. 


The Coldstream Memorial Medical Missionary Scholarship was 
founded in memory of the deceased John Coldstream, M.D., F.R.C.P.E. 
Value £25, and tenable for five years. The holder must be a first year’s 
Medical Student, who intends to devote himself to the life of a Medical 
Missionary at home or abroad. He must be approved of by the 
awarders, and pass the preliminary examination before beginning his 
studies. Next award in 1896. A _ preference is given to students con- 
nected with the Edinburgh Medical Missionary Society. A full copy of 
the conditions can be had on applying to John Ρ, Coldstream, W.S., 
care of Messrs Mill, Bonar & Hunter, W.S., 15 Hill Street, Edinburgh. 
See Conditions in CALENDAR for 1879-80, p. 357. 

1891. James Hunter White, 


Scholarships in Medicine. 685 


V.-XI.—VANS DUNLOP SCHOLARSHIPS. 


Seven Scholarships, of £100 each, tenable for three years. Not 
more than one at a time can be held by the same person. The success- 
ful candidates for each of these Scholarships will be required to continue 
their medical studies in this University during their tenure of their 
Scholarships, and to graduate as M.B. and Ch.B. See Excerpt from 
Will of Dr Vans Dunlop, p. 380 of CALENDAR for 1880-81, 

V. One is awarded to the Candidate who, at either the March 
or the preceding October Medical Preliminary Examination, has 
obtained the highest number of marks in the Subjects required to 
enable him to appear for a Professional Examination, provided (1) 
that he has not already passed the said Preliminary Examination ; 
and (2) that, in the event of his having passed an equivalent ex- 
amination and presenting himself for the Medical Preliminary Exam- 
ination, he shall waive all right to admission to the Faculty of Medicine 
except through the ordinary Medical Preliminary Examination of this 
University. The next award may be made in March 1899. 


1896. James G. S. Ua el 
3, Andrew Hunter cee 


VI. One is awarded at the end of the First Winter of Medical Study 
to the Student who, after having attended for the first time within the 
University a Systematic Course of Lectures on each of the subjects of 
Chemistry, Anatomy, and Physics, and who has not previously attended 
any course in Chemistry, or Anatomy, or Physics, which qualifies for 
Degrees in Medicine, or for a Licence in Medicine or Surgery, shall 
obtain the highest number of marks in an Examination in these subjects, 
specially conducted for the purpose. The Subjects of Examination in 
Anatomy will include the Skeleton; Joints ; Muscular System ; Heart 
and Great Vessels; General Arrangement of the Nervous System ; 
Position of the Thoracic and Abdominal Viscera. The next award 
may be made at the end of March 1899. 


1896. Georvse H. Hanna le ual 
» Aleck. Trotter J ee 


VII. One is awarded at the end of the first Summer Session of 
Medical Study to the Student who, after having attended for the first 
time within this University a Systematic Course of Lectures on each of 
the subjects of Botany and Zoology, and who has not previously 
attended any course in Botany or Zoology which qualifies for Degrees 
in Medicine, or for a Licence in Medicine or Surgery, shall obtain the 
highest number of marks in an Examination in these subjects specially 
conducted for the purpose. The next award may be made at the end of 
July 1899. 

VIII. One is awarded at the end of the Second Winter of Medical 
Study to the Student who, after having attended within the University 


686 Scholarships in Medictne. 


for the first time a Systematic Course in each of the subjects of Physi- 
ology and Surgery, and who has not previously attended a Course of 
Physiology or Surgery which qualifies for Degrees in Medicine, or for 
a Licence in Medicine or Surgery, shall obtain the highest number of 
marks in an Examination in the subjects specially conducted for the 
purpose. The Subjects of the Examination in Physiology will embrace 
the Histology and Physiology of the Simple Tissues, and of the Organs 
concerned in Nutrition. The whole subject of Nutrition will be included, 
and also Animal Heat. The next award may be made at the end of 
March 1899. 
1896. Welliam John Barclay. 

IX. One at the beginning of the Fourth Winter Session of Medical 
Study to the Student who, after having attended within the Univer- 
sity the Systematic and Practical Instruction in the subjects of Anatomy 
and Physiology, and, having passed the Second Professional Examina- 
tion, shall obtain the highest number of marks in an Examination in 
the subjects specially conducted for this purpose. The successful 
Candidate will be required to continue his studies in this University 
during the first two years of his tenure of the Scholarship, and at the 
end of the second year to graduate as M.B. and Ch.B, ; and during 
the remaining year to prosecute original investigation in one or other 
of the Research Laboratories in the Faculty of Medicine. Examina- 
tion on 7th October at 9 A.M. Names to be entered before 28th 
September. 

X. One at the beginning of the Fourth Winter Session of Medical Study 
to the Student who, after having attended within the University a System- 
atic Course in the Subject of Materia Medica (including Pharmacology), 
and, having passed the Second Professional Examination, shall obtain 
the highest number of marks in an Examination in that subject specially 
conducted for the purpose. The successful Candidate will be required 
to continue his studies in this University during at least two years of 
his tenure of the Scholarship, and at the end of the second year to 
graduate as M.B. and Ch.B.; and during the remainder of his tenure of 
the Scholarship to devote himself to original investigation in the Materia 
Medica Laboratory in the Faculty of Medicine. Examination on 7th 
October at 9 A.M. Names to be entered before 28th September. 

XI. One to be awarded at the beginning of the Fifth Winter Session 
of Medical Study, to the Student who, after having attended within 
the University the Systematic and Practical Courses in Pathology, and 
the Systematic Courses in Medical Jurisprudence and Public Health, 
and having passed the third Professional Examination, shall obtain the 
highest number of marks in an Examination in these subjects specially 
conducted for the purpose. The successful Candidate will be required 
to continue his studies and graduate as M.B. and Ch.B. in this Univer- 
sity, during the first year of his tenure of the Scholarship, and to devote 
himself during the remainder of his tenure to original investigation in 
one or other of the Research Laboratories in the Faculty of Medicine, 


Scholarships tn Medecine. 687 


Examination on 7th October at 9 A.M. Names to be entered before 
28th September. 


XII.—THE MURCHISON MEMORIAL SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship consists of the annual proceeds of about 41000, 
awarded in alternate years in London and Edinburgh, for proficiency in 
Clinical Medicine. Candidates must be registered medical students 
who have attended for not less than four nor more than six years at 
Hospitals and Classes at Edinburgh or London, recognised by the 
University of Edinburgh or the Royal College of Physicians of London, 
The competition in 1897 will be held in Edinburgh. 

1895. Nezl Macvicar, M.B., C.M. 


XIII.—STARK SCHOLARSHIP IN CLINICAL MEDICINE. 


This Scholarship of £112, less expenses, and tenable for one 
year, is for the encouragement of the study of Clinical Medicine. 
It is open to competition among all matriculated students of the 
University who are or have been in attendance at the University 
Class of Clinical Medicine, and to Bachelors of Medicine of the 
University of not more than eighteen months’ standing who have 
attended this class. It is open every second year alternately with the 
competition in Edinburgh for the Murchison Memorial Scholarship. 
The Examination, oral and in writing, includes (a) Examination 
of Patients; (4) Questions on Therapeutics and Pathology; (c) 
Examination of Specimens. Each holder of the Scholarship is 
required to devote his time in the wards of the Professors of 
Clinical Medicine to original investigation or other work directly 
connected with Clinical Medicine; to report his proceedings every 
three months to the Professors of Clinical Medicine; and, within a 
reasonable time after the expiry of his tenure of the Scholarship, to 
present to the Faculty of Medicine a written statement of the results 
of his investigations or other work, It cannot be held along with any 
other Fellowship, Scholarship, or Bursary in a Scottish University. 
The next Competition will take place in July 1898. See Deed of 
Foundation at p. 427 of CALENDAR for 1884-85. 


1894. Robert Hutchison, M.B., C.M. 


XIV.—BUCHANAN SCHOLARSHIP. 


This Scholarship, of the value of about £40, 1os., founded by Mrs 
Jane Jack or Buchanan, Moray Place, Edinburgh, is awarded annually 
to the Graduate in Medicine of the year who has shown the highest 
proficiency in Midwifery and Gynecology, as evidenced in (1) the 
Class Examinations of Midwifery and Diseases of Women and 
Children ; (2) the Records kept by him of cases treated in the Gyneco- 
logical Section of the University Class of Clinical Medicine in the 
Buchanan Ward of the Royal Infirmary, and (3) the Final Examination 


688 Scholarships tn Medicine. 


in Medicine for the Degree of M.B. The Scholar is required to act 
as non-resident Clinical Clerk in the University Gynecological Ward, 
and to give assistance in the Examination of Class Exercises. See 
Deed of Foundation, p. 707 of CALENDAR for 1894-95. 

1895. Walter Wiliam Chipman, M.B., C.M. 


XV.—-THE JAMES SCOTT SCHOLARSHIP. 

This Scholarship, founded by Mrs Mary Ann Scott or Thomson of 
Hawick, of the value of £42, 105.; is awarded annually at the Graduation 
Ceremonial in Medicine in August for proficiency in Midwifery. The 
award is based upon the results of the Competitive Examinations 
in the Class of Midwifery, upon the character of the records of Cases 
of Midwifery attended by the Candidate at the Royal Maternity and 
Simpson Memorial Hospital, and upon the position obtained by him at 
the Final Examination for Degrees in Medicine. The Scholarship is 
for one year, but may, in special circumstances, be continued for another 
year. See Deed of Foundation, p. 410 of CALENDAR for 1883-84. 

1895. David James Graham, M.B., C.M. 


XVI., XVII. HOPE PRIZE SCHOLARSHIPS. 


Two Hope Prize Scholarships in Chemistry, each of the annual value 
of about £30. For particulars, see under Scholarships in Science. 


XVIII.—THE MOUAT SCHOLARSHIP IN THE PRACTICE 
OF PHYSICS: 

This Scholarship, which will consist of the annual proceeds cf 
about £1500 given by Frederick John Mouat, M.D., of the Local 
Government Board, London, formerly Professor of Medical Jurispru- 
dence in the University of Calcutta, has been founded in connection 
with the class of Practice of Physic, but is not to be open for competi- 
tion until the death of two liferenters, 


XIX.—MACKAY SMITH SCHOLARSHIP IN CHEMISTRY. 


This Scholarship is of the annual value of £25, tenable for two years, 
and is open for competition to Students who have attended the Class of 
Chemistry in this University. The successful Candidate is bound to 
attend the Class of Chemistry, or to prosecute the study of Chemistry 
in the University during at least one year of his tenure of the Scholar- 
ship, in such way as the Senatus Academicus may direct or approve. 
The next Examination will take place in March 1898. 

1806. 7: H. ἮΙ Piries 
XX.-XXIII.—CRICHTON SCHOLARSHIPS FOR 
RESEARCH. 

Four Scholarships, each of the value of £100, tenable for one year, 


with power of re-appointment for a second and for a third year, are 
open in rotation in the subjects of Anatomy, Physiology, Materia 


Bursaries in Medicine. 


689 


Medica, and Pathology, for the prosecution of Research by Graduates 
who have been Students of this University for not less than four years. 
The Scholarships in Materia Medica and Pathology may be open in 
October 1896. Candidates are required to submit a sufficient descrip- 
tion of the work they propose to undertake to the Dean of the Faculty 
The Examination is both 


of Medicine on or before Ist September. 
written and practical, bearing on Research Work. 


page 750 of CALENDAR for 1895-96. 


1895. John δ. Yeoman, M.B., C.M. (Anatomy). 
1896. 7. H. Milroy, M.B., C.M., D.Sc. (Physiology). 


See Regulations, 


II.—BURSARIES. 


No. of 
Foundation. 


Ie 
11. 


XIII. 


XIV. 
XV. 


Reg S50 
Ong Total |° 
4&5| Name of Founder. | Annual 5 g 
SiS Income. |** 5 


1864|DrAbercrombie,Cape| 420 ὁ o} τ 


Town. 

1871|Dr J. R. Sibbald’s eee ) 
Trustees. I50 0 ὃ ὴ 5 

18 Dr Mackie’s Trus-| 60 ο of’ 2 

73] tees. 

1873|Mr Grierson of Ogs- 69 lo 
castle’s Trustees. J 20 ο ie 

1878]Dr Andrew Thomson} 200 0 of 8 

1878] William Mackenzie 42 10 o| 2 

1878|John Aitken Carlyle] 56 ὁ οἱ 2 

1882|Mrs Ronald of Liver-| 80 0 οἱ 2 
pool 

16—|George Heriot. Re-| 480 ο οὐ 6 
modelled 1887 About 

1890|Major Robert Orr} 500 © oj 10 
Crichton of Lynn. 
M.D. 

1809/Dr Donald Grant,| 180 ὁ οἱ 2 
London. About 

1846) John Jamieson, Edin-| 26 o οἱ τ 
burgh. 

1883|Wm. Renton, Edin-| 19 19 6] 1 
burgh. 

1886| Richard Allan,Feuar,| 90 ὁ οἱ 3 
Kelso. 

1889|Daniel Maclaurin,) 7o ὁ oj 1 
London. 


Annual 
Allowance 
to 
each Bursar. 


Patrons. 


420 0 o |Governors of George 
Heriot’s Trust. 
Trustees of Dr J. R. 


3° Sibbald. 

30 o o |Professors of Fac. of 
Med. in Univ., Edin. 

20 0 0 

{ το ο οἹ ;Senatus, 
ἢ τον το Ὁ 

25 o ο |Trus. of Dr Thomson. 

20 o o |Senatus. 

28 o o |Senatus. 

About 

40 ὁ o |Senatus. 

30 o o |Governors of George 
Heriot’s Trust. 

50 o o |Senatus Academicus. 

go o o|Dr Grant's Trustees, 

About 

26 0 o|Principal and Two 
Professors. 

19 19 6 |Professors of Mathe- 
matics, Natural 
Philosophy, Chem- 
istry, and Political 

About Economy. 

30 o o|Trustees of R. Allan. 

70 o © |Town Council. 


I. Abercrombie Bursary—Open by competition, in the event of more than one 
candidate coming forward, to Students who have been brought up in Heriot’s 
Hospital, and have finished their course as Heriot Bursars, to aid them in further 


2x 


690 Bursaries tn Medicine. 


prosecution of their studies for any of the learned professions. Students in th 
Faculty of Medicine to be always ‘preferred. Candidates are referred to th) 
Treasurer of the Heriot Trust, 20 York Place, Edinburgh, before 15th September 

Il. Stbbald Bursaries. —These Bursaries, each tenable for three years, any 
available to Students in the Faculty of Arts, Medicine, Law, or Divinity 
entering the University who have not previously attended any University in th 
United Kingdom or elsewhere, azd who do not hold any other Bursary ὃ 
Scholarship, but no objection to a Candidate that he has, during the previou 
Summer Session, attended any of the Classes in the University of Edinburg] 
required by the Faculties of Medicine or Law. The examination is the same a 
the Preliminary and Bursary Examination in the Faculty of Arts at the commence 
ment of each Winter Session. Application to be made to Messrs Mackenzie 

Innes & Logan, W.S., 23 Queen Street, Edinburgh, before 15th September. 
ες ΤΙ. Mackie Bursaries.—These Bursaries are awarded to Students of Medicin§ ; 

of the University, one of which is open to Students who have completed thei 
First Annus Medicus, and the other to Students who have completed their Secon) 
Annus Medicus, and who are, in the opinion of the Faculty of Medicine, in suc. 
pecuniary circumstances as to require assistance. In the event of no appointmen# 
having been made to either Bursary on any occasion when it is vacant, th 
Senatus may, on the recommendation of the Faculty of Medicine, appoint an 
Candidate to the vacant Bursary who has completed either his first or his secon 
Annus Medicus and who otherwise satisfies the requirements of tenure. Bursar 
—1894, G. H. W. Robertson, M.A.; 1895. J. W. Campbell (for one year). 

ΙΝ. Grierson Bursaries.—Candidates from the parishes of Crawford or Lead 
hills, about to commence their Medical Curriculum, who have passed in th 
University of Edinburgh a satisfactory examination in the preliminary subject 
required by the Regulations for Graduation in Medicine, who have been diliger 
students, and who require pecuniary aid to enable them to pursue their studies § 
have a preference. In the case of more candidates than one, the Bursary will b 
awarded to the best qualified, on examination in the subjects above referred to, 

Failing the appointment of preferential candidates, the Bursary will be tenabl 
for periods of one year only, in manner following, viz. :—~-Oxe will be awarde 
to the student who, not having completed his twenty-first year, shall pass th 
best examination in the subjects of the preliminary examination, provided (1) tha 
he has not already passed the said preliminary examination ; and (2) that, i 
the event of his having passed an equivalent examination and presenting himse 
for the Medical Preliminary Examination, he shall waive all right to admissio 
to the Faculty of Medicine except through the ordinary Medical Preliminar 
Examination of this University. Ove will be awarded by competitive examing 
tion to the student beginning the Second Winter Session, who having alread §). 
passed the Preliminary Examination required for Graduation in Medicine, 584 ἢ. 
pass the best examination in the subjects of Chemistry, Botany, Natural History 
and Physics. One will be awarded by competitive examination to the studen 
beginning the Third Winter Session who, having already passed the First Pro 
fessional Examination, shall pass the best examination in the subjects of Anatom 
and Physiology. One will be awarded by competitive examination in Materi 
Medica at the beginning of the Fourth Winter Session, One will be awarded b 


7  ΎῸΝΣ 


Bursaries in Medicine. 691 


competitive examination in Pathology at the beginning of the Fifth Winter 


Session. Aursars—1895, first year, John ἢ. Campbell ; second year, Robert N. 


Rowe ; third year, R. 2. M‘Nair Scott ; fourth year, W. Morrison Milne. 


V. One Zhomson Bursary is awarded at each of the Preliminary Examinations 
held in Spring and Autumn, to the Candidate who, being about to commence his 


‘Curriculum, takes the highest place in the Medical Preliminary Examination: 
provided (1) that he has not already passed the said Preliminary Examination ; 


and (2) that, in the event of his having passed an equivalent examination and 


presenting himself for the Medical Preliminary Examination, he shall waive all 


right to admission to the Faculty of Medicine except through the ordinary Medical 
Preliminary Examination of this University. Students of the name of Thomson 


ΟΥ̓ Traquair, or those who are natives of the town or county of Dumfries, or of 
-the city of Edinburgh, have a preference. Candidates claiming a preference must 


intimate their names to Messrs Traquair, Dickson & Maclaren, W.S., 11 Hill 


Street, Edinburgh, the agents for the Trust (from whom further particulars may 


be obtained), before 15th September 1896 and 21st March 1897 for the Examina- 


tions in Autumn and Spring respectively. Sursars—1895-96, James G. S. Jamie- 
- SON; Robert V. Clark. 


VI. Mackenzie Bursaries, open to Students of Anatomy Classes, of any year, 
who shall display the greatest industry and skill in Practical Anatomy during 


-the Winter Session. See CALENDAR for 1879-80, p. 353. Bzrsars—18096, J. A. 
Black and L. W. Wedderburn— equal ; Yoshinobu Fukuda and T. C. Mackenzie 


—equal. 

VII. Fohn Aitken Carlyle Bursaries, one is awarded at the end of every 
Winter Session to a first year Student for proficiency shown in the ordinary class 
examinations in Anatomy and Chemistry, the other to a second year’s Student 
for proficiency shown in the ordinary class examinations in Anatomy and Physio- 
logy. See CALENDAR for 1879-80, p. 350. Bursars—1896, Senior, Charles 
Chilton ; Junior, S. A. Ballantyne. 

VIII. The Anderson Bursaries have been founded by Mrs Ronald of Liver- 
pool, and will come into operation on the death of an annuitant. For Deed of 
Foundation, see CALENDAR 1882-83, p. 396. 

IX. The Heriot Bursaries are for Students unconnected with the Hospital, 
entering upon a regular Curriculum with a view to graduation. For remodelled 
scheme, see CALENDAR, 1887-88, p. 498. For subjects of Examination, &c., 
see under Bursaries open in Faculty of Arts. 

X. Crichton Bursaries.—Two of these Bursaries are open annually—one in 
Autumn and one in Spring—to Students entering the Faculty of Medicine 
of this University. The subjects of Examination are Latin, Greek, French, 
German, Mathematics, Logic, and Moral Philosophy. Each Bursary is of 
the annual value of £50, tenable for four years, provided the Bursars continue 
Students of the Medical Faculty of this University. See Excerpt from Deed, p. 


540 of CALENDAR for 1891-92, and Regulations, p. 749 of CALENDAR, for 1895-96. 


XI. The Grant Mortification is for Students of the University of Edinburgh, 
of the name of Grant. The holders may attend the Arts, Medical, Divinity, or 
Law Classes. Application for information may be made to Messrs Mackenzie, 
Innes & Logan, W.S., 23 Queen Street, Edinburgh. 


692 Prizes in Medicine. 


XII. The Jamieson Bursary is for the benefit of the sons of schoolmasters, 
farmers, mechanics, and labourers, and other persons born and residing within any 
one of the following parishes—viz., Crawfordjohn, Crawford, united parishes Οἱ 
Lamington and Wandell, united parishes of Wiston and Roberton, Culter and 
Biggar. The Bursar may attend Classes in any of the Faculties. 

XIII. The Renton Bursary, founded by the late William Renton, 20 Royal 
Terrace, Edinburgh, is for a Student pursuing his studies in the classes of Natura 
Philosophy, Mathematics, Chemistry, and Political Economy, or such of them a; 
he may consider proper, and who may require assistance. The Bursary is tenable 
for one year, and cannot be held by any one under the age of sixteen or above 
twenty-one. It is filled up annually in October, 

XIV. Allan Bursaries,—These Bursaries are available to Students attending 
classes in any of the Faculties of Arts, Science, Medicine, or Law, in the Univer 
sity of Edinburgh, and are tenable for three years or for such part of that perioc 
as the Bursar shall remain a Student at the University. In nominating Candidate 
for presentation to the Bursaries, care will be given to prefer such as have beei 
born in the parish of Kelso, provided they are qualified by their previous educatio} 
for entering the University. Apply to P. Stormonth Darling, Esq., writer, Kelse 

XV. Maclaurin Bursary. ‘Vhis Bursary, tenable for four years, is by the wil 
of the founder to be called the ‘‘ Maclaurin Bursary,” and is restricted to Student 
of the Founder’s name of Maclaurin (or in Gaelic orthography ‘‘ Maclalhrin”) 
It may be held in any of the Faculties. See Deed of Foundation, p. 544 ¢ 
CALENDAR for 1890-91. 


IV.—PRIZES., 


I.—NEIL ARNOTT PRIZE FOR EXPERIMENTAL 
PHYSICS. 

This Prize, of the value of about £42, presented to the University 
by Dr Neil Arnott of London, is awarded annually in October to the 
Candidate who shall pass with the greatest distinction the Ordinary 
Examination in Natural Philosophy for the Degree of M.A. Candi- 
dates must have been Students of Medicine of this University during 
either a summer or a winter session ; and the successful candidate must 
continue a Student of Medicine at this University during the next 
Winter Session, failing which, the prize will be forfeited and assigned 
to the competitor next in merit. No student can appear for examina- 
tion after the completion of his third azzus medicus ; and no candidate 
shall be allowed to offer himself more than once. 

In the event of a competitor, qualified as above, not coming for- 
ward, the prize will be awarded to a Candidate for a Degree in Arts 
who shall pass with most distinction the ordinary examination in Natural 
Philosophy. See Deed of Foundation at p. 274 of CALENDAR for 
1870-71. 

ι 1895. Joseph Edward Bowes, M.B., C.M. 


Prizes in Medicine. 693 


II.—THE ROBERT WILSON MEMORIAL PRIZE. 

This Prize was founded by John Wilson of South Bantaskine, in 
memory of his son, Robert Wilson, and is of the value of £8, 16s. 2d. It 
is annually awarded at the close of the Winter Session to the student 
in the senior Chemistry Class who takes the highest honours. See 
Deed of Foundation at p. 351 of CALENDAR for 1876-77. 

1896. Allan W. C. Menzies. Prox. access., Charles E. Fawsttt, 


IIIL—_THE ELLIS PRIZE FOR PHYSIOLOGY. 

This Prize consists of the proceeds of a sum of £500 bequeathed by 
the late Daniel Ellis, Esq., to the Principal and Faculty of Medicine of 
the University of Edinburgh, accumulated for three or five years. Value 
about £25 per annum. It is awarded for the best Essay or Treatise 
on some subject of Animal or Vegetable Physiology proposed by the 
Faculty for competition to Students or Graduates of not more than 
five years’ standing. ‘The next award may be made in 1896. Subject— 
“The Functions of Wood.” Essays in Competition to be lodged with 
the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine on or before 30th April 1897. 


IV.—PRIZES FOR THESES. 


Gold Medals, each of the value of £10, are awarded annually on the 
day of graduation to Doctors of Medicine whose Theses are deemed 
worthy of that honour. 


V.—THE GOODSIR MEMORIAL PRIZE. 
(Mow the Goodsir Memortal Fellowship. ) 

This Prize was founded in 1872 by the subscribers to the fund fora 
memorial of the late Professor John Goodsir. It is in the patronage of 
the Principal, Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, and Presidents of the 
Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons of Edinburgh, and is for 
the encouragement of the study of Anatomy and Physiology. Τί is 
given triennially, and is of the value of £60. It is open to all 
Graduates in Medicine of the University of not more than three 
years’ standing at the time of the competition, and to Licentiates of the 
Colleges of Physicians or Surgeons of Edinburgh of a like standing, who 
have attended within the University the same number of classes as are 
required for the Degree of M.B. The Prize is awarded for the best 
Essay containing results of original investigations in Anatomy, Human 
and Comparative, either Normal, or Pathological, or in Experimental 
Physiology. See Deed of Foundation at p. 314 of CALENDAR for 
1872-73. 

7.13 1895. Gustav Mann, M.D. 


VI.—THE WIGHTMAN PRIZE IN CLINICAL MEDICINE. 

This Prize of £12 was founded by Mrs E. Wightman, in memory 
of herson, J. T. Wightman, M.B., C.M., and is annually awarded at 
the close of the Summer Session to the student attending the Class 


694 Prizes in Medicine. 


of Clinical Medicine for the best Dissertation on any subject presented 
by the Faculty of Medicine, or for the best Report and Commentary on 
cases which have during the previous Winter and Summer Sessions been 
treated in the University Clinical Wards in the Royal Infirmary. Three 
months’ notice of subject is given by the Faculty of Medicine. See 
Deed of Foundation at p. 348 of CALENDAR for 1876-77. 

The Prize, which is open to members of the Clinical Class of either 
Winter 1896-97 or Summer 1897, will be awarded for the best report and 
commentary on cases. ‘The Essays to be given in before 6th July. 

1895. Not awarded. 


VII.—THE BEANEY PRIZE. 


This Prize of £35 was founded in 1878 by James George Beaney, 
Esq. of Melbourne. It is awarded at the Graduation Ceremonial in 
Medicine to the Graduate in Medicine and Surgery of the year who, 
having attended within the University courses on Anatomy, Surgery, and 
Clinical Surgery qualifying for Graduation, obtains the highest number: 
of marks during his examinations in these subjects for the Degrees. 
of Bachelor of Medicine and Master in Surgery. The Senatus has the 
power of withholding the Prize in the event of no Student passing the 
above examinations with sufficient merit. See Deed of Foundation at 
p- 371 of CALENDAR for 1878-9. 


1895. W. Δ Garbutt, M.B., CM. 


VIII.—THE CAMERON PRIZE. 


This Prize was founded in 1878 by the late Dr Andrew Robertson 
Cameron, of Richmond, New South Wales. It consisted of the annual 
proceeds of a sum of £2000, to be given annually ‘‘to the practi- 
tioner or member of the medical profession who shall be adjudged to have 
made the most valuable addition to Practical Therapeutics during the year 
preceding, and in determining such question, the word Therapeutics shall 
be taken in its widest sense as including every agent, or agency capable 
of influencing the human body in the maintenance or improvement of 
health, avoidance or cure of diseases, or the alleviation of suffering.” 

The regulations have been remodelled by the Educational Endow- 
ments (Scotland) Commission, and the annual proceeds, which, 
after defraying the necessary expenses, amount to about £80, may be 
awarded annually to a person who in the course of the five years 
immediately preceding has made any highly important and valuable 
addition to Practical Therapeutics. The Prizeman is required to 
deliver a lecture or course of lectures on the addition to Practical 
Therapeutics so made by him, or to publish an account of such addition 
in such manner as the Senatus may prescribe. The prize will not be 
awarded if, in the opinion of the Senatus, no addition to Practical 
Therapeutics has been made within the said period of five years of 
sufficient importance and value to justify the awarding of the prize. 


Prizes in Medicine. 695 


The prize is awarded annually at the Graduation Ceremonial in August. 
See Remodelled Regulations, p. 497 of CALENDAR for 1888-89. 
; 1895. Professor Behring. 


IX.—THE DOBBIE SMITH PRIZE IN BOTANY. 


This prize, which consists of a Gold Medal, is open to competition 
each alternate year to all Matriculated Students of the year of the award, 
for an Essay on a Botanical subject. The subject of the next competi- 
tion is an original investigation ‘‘On the Structure, Development, and 
Life History of any British Flowering Plant ;” and the memoir is to 
be accompanied with a series of illustrative specimens. Competing 
Essays to be sent to the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine on or before 
the Ist of July 1897. The prize will be awarded to the successful 
competitor at the Graduation Ceremony of August 1897. 


X.-XX.—THE GUNNING VICTORIA JUBILEE PRIZES. 

Dr Gunning, of Edinburgh and Rio de Janeiro, has founded 
Eleven Post-Graduation Prizes of the value of 450 each, viz. :— 
(1) The Monro prize for Anatomy; (2) The Bell prize for Physi- 
ology ; (3) The Edward Forbes prize for Zoology, &c.; (4) The 
Hutton Balfour prize for Botany; (5) The Joseph Black prize for 
Chemistry; (6) The Christison prize for Materia Medica; (7) The 
Lister prize for Surgery ; (8) The Gregory prize for Practice of Physic ; 
(9) The John Thomson prize for Pathology ; (10) The Simpson prize 
for Obstetrics ; (11) The Alison prize for Medical Jurisprudence and 
Public Health. Candidates must be either Bachelors of Medicine or 
Bachelors of Science of this University of not more than three years’ 
standing. The prizes will be awarded with the approval of the 
Senatus for (Ist) either (2) Competitive Essays written specially for 
the prizes, or (46) Theses submitted for Graduation; or (2nd)- for 
original research condueted under supervision of the Professor in the 
department in which the prize is awarded. Two prizes will be awarded 
annually in the following rotation, viz. :—Practice of Physic, Physi- 
ology, Botany, Surgery, Pathology, Zoology, Materia Medica, Obstetrics, 
Public Health and Medical Jurisprudence, Anatomy, and Chemistry. 
Competitive Essays are required to be lodged with the Dean of the 
Faculty of Medicine on or before 30th April of the year in which each 
prize is to be awarded, and the successful competitors will be announced 
annually at the Graduation Ceremonial in Medicine. 


1895. Andrew Walker, M.A., | 1895. George Newman, M.D. 


Beste, 723... C.M. (Ob- (Public Health) 
stetrics). 59 fe Ds Fe Gilchrist, ΘΝ 50 
(Zoology) 


XXI.—ANDERSON HENRY PRIZE. 


The Prize was founded by Isaac Anderson Henry of Woodend, and 
consists of the proceeds of a sum of £300 accumulated for three years. 


696 Prizes in Medicine. 


It is awarded for the best and approved essay on a botanical subject ἢ 
proposed by the Professor of Botany, the Curator of the Royal Botanic 
Garden, and the President of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh, for 
competition to students in the Class of Botany in the University of 
Edinburgh, during any of the three years preceding the date of the 
award, The next award may be made in August 1898. Competing 
Essays to be sent to the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine on or before 
Ist July 1898. 
XXII.—MILNER FOTHERGILL MEDAL IN 
THERAPEUTICS. 

This Medal, of the value of about £20, is awarded biennially. It is 
open for competition to Graduates in Medicine of the University, who 
have been members of the Class of Materia Medica in the University, 
for the best essay which shall include a description of original research 
made by the Candidate on a Pharmacological or Therapeutic subject, 
preference being given to a subject relating to Dietetics. See Deed of 
Foundation, p. 542 of CALENDAR for 1891-92. The next award may be 
made at the Graduation Ceremonial in August 1897. Essays to be lodged 
with the Professor of Materia Medica on or before 30th April 1897. 

1895. Edward Moody Smith, M.D. 


XXIII.—PATTISON PRIZE IN CLINICAL SURGERY. 

This Prize of about £11, 17s. 6d., is awarded annually to the Student 
of the University Class of Clinical Surgery who shall write the best 
Report and Commentary on cases treated in the University Surgical 
Wards during the Academic Year. The Essays to be given in before 
6th July. 


FELLOWSHIPS, SCHOLARSHIPS, BURSARIES, AND 
PRIZES OPEN TO COMPETITION nN tae 
FACULTY OF MEDICINE IN 1896-97.1 

For further information, and for information regarding other Scholar- 
ships, Fellowships, Bursaries, and Prizes, see above, where full in- 
formation regarding the conditions of tenure and the values are given. 


FELLOWSHIPS. 


1. Zhe Syme Surgical Fellowship (No. I., p. 682), of the annual 
value of about £105. 

2. The Goodsir Memorial Fellowship (No. 11., p. 682), of the annual 
value of about £100. 

SCHOLARSHIPS. 

The Vans Dunlop Scholarships, each of the value of £100, and 
tenable for three years. Not more than one of these Scholarships can 
be held by the same person at one time. 

1. One for Anatomy and Physiology (No. [X., p. 686). 


1 N.B.—The values of the Fellowships, Scholarships, Bursaries, and Prizes are 
subject to variation consequent on the rise or fall of the rate of interest, &c. 


Scholarships, &c¢., tn Medicine open in 1896-97. 697 


2. One for Materia Medica (including Pharmacology) (No. X., p. 686). 

3. One for Pathology, and Medical Jurisprudence and Public Health 
(No. XI., p. 686). 

4. The Murchison Memorial Scholarship (No. XII1., p. 687). 

5. Zhe Buchanan Scholarship (No. XIV., p. 687). 

6. The James Scott Scholarship (No. XV., p. 688). 

7. The Ettles Scholarship in Medicine (No. 1., p. 683). 

8,9. Two Hope Prize Scholarships (No. XVI., p. 688). 

10, 11. Lwo Crichton Scholarships for Research may be offered in 
October—one in Materia Medica and ove in Pathology. Candidates are 
required to intimate their names, and to give a sufficient description 
of the Research work they propose to undertake, to the Dean of the 
Faculty of Medicine on or before ist September. The Examinations 
are both written and practical. The date of the Examinations will be 
afterwards announced. (No. XX., p. 688). 

12. Lhe Coldstream Memorial Medical Missionary Scholarship (No. 
IV., p. 684). 


BURSARIES. 


1, 2. 7τὸῶο Sibbald Bursaries (No. I1., pp. 689 and 690). 

3, 4. 7τοο Thomson Bursaries (No. V., pp. 689, 691). 

5-9. Five Grierson Bursaries (No. IV., pp. 689, 690). One for 
subjects of the Preliminary Examination ; ove in Chemistry, Botany, 
Natural History, and Physics ; ove in Anatomy and Physiology ; ove 
in Materia Medica, and ove in Pathology. The competition for the 
Second, Third, and Fourth year Bursaries will begin on 7th October 
at 9 A.M. Names of Candidates to be entered on or before 18th 
September. 

10, 11. Zwo John Attken Carlyle Bursaries (No. VII., pp. 689, 691). 

12, 13. Zwo Mackenzie Bursaries (No. VI., pp. 689, 691). 

14. Renton Bursary (No. XIII., pp. 689, 692). 

15. Zwo Mackie Bursaries (No. 111., pp. 689, 690). Awards may 
be made at the beginning of the Winter Session, 1896-7. Applica- 
tions to be made to the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine on or before 
the Ist October 1896, 

16,17. Two Crichton Bursaries (No. X., pp. 689, 691). 


Competitors for the above Fellowships, Scholarships, and Bursaries, 
excepting those awarded for the subjects of Preliminary Examination, 
must have studied the subjects of Examination at the University of 
Edinburgh. No Fellowship, Scholarship, or Bursary, with the excep- 
tion of the Ettles Scholarship~, can be held along with any other 
Fellowship, Scholarship, or Bursary. 


PRIZES. 


The Medical Faculty Medals.—Gold Medals are given on the day of 
Graduation to Doctors of Medicine whose Theses are deemed worthy of 
that honour, 


698 William Dickson Travelling Fund. 


I. The Neil Arnott Prize (No. I. p. 692). 
2. The Beaney Prize (No. VII., p. 694). 
3. Lhe Cameron Prize (No. VIII., p. 694). 
4. 5. Zhe Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prizes in Practice of Physic and 
Physiology (No. X., p. 695). Competitive Essays to be lodged with 
the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine on or before 30th April 1897. 
6. The Wightman Prize in Clinical Medicine (No. VI., p. 693). 
Essays to be given in on or before 6th July. 
7. The Pattison Prize in Clinical Surgery (No. XXIII., p. 696). 
8. The Dobbie-Smith Gold Medal in Botany (No. IX., p. 695). 
9. The Ellis Prize in Physiology (No. 11Π1., p. 693). 
10. Zhe Lord Rector’s Prize (No. 2., p. 359). 
11. Zwo Gray Prizes (Nos. 8 and 9, p. 359). 


WILLIAM DICKSON TRAVELLING FUND. 
The William Dickson Travelling Fund. See page 356. 


“* Bursars in the Faculty of Medicine must annually attend at least two 
of the Classes necessary for the Degrees of M.B. and Ch.B., and must 
present themselves at the Examinations necessary for these Degrees. 

“‘ Each Bursar must present a Certificate, signed by the Dean, attest- 
ing his regular attendance on the proper Classes in the Faculty on each 
occasion on which he applies to the Factor for a payment.” 

Certificates, in terms of this regulation, will be given to Bursars, 
by the Dean of the laculty of Medicine, after 13th November ; also at 
the end of the Session. In applying to the Dean for the Certificate 
in November, Bursars must present their Class Cards for the Session ; 
and at the end of the Session they must present certificates from the 
Professors that they have attended with regularity and made progress 
in their studies. Payments are made by the University Factor, Mr 
Henry Cook, W.S., 61 North Castle Street, Edinburgh, on and after 
14th November for the Martinmas payments, and on and after 18th 
May for the Whitsunday payments,—between 10 and 3 o’clock. 

N.B.—Bursars, Scholars, and Fellows who desire to resign should 
at once announce this to the Dean and to the Factor. They must apply 
to the Factor for the instalments due to them within three months 
after they have become payable, otherwise they will be regarded as having 
resigned. 


LECTURESHIP. 


The Swiney Lectureship on Geology, value £144 per annum, tenable 
for five years, is open to Graduates of the University of Edinburgh. 
It is in the patronage of the Trustees of the British Museum, 
and for the next appointment application should be made to these 
Trustees, 

THOMAS R. FRASER, M.D., LL.D., 
Dean of the Faculty of Medicine and Professor 
of Materia Medica. 


699 


Haculty of Music. 


Dean—Professor NIECKS. 


— () 


STUDENTS who do not intend to graduate in Music may, with- 
out matriculating or passing any Preliminary Examination, 
attend any of the Classes on payment of the Five Shillings 
University Entrance-Fee, besides the Class Fees. 

Those desiring to graduate must pass the Preliminary Exam- 
ination, and must Matriculate before enrolling in any Class. 

The Classes, open both to men and women students, will meet 
as undernoted, except during the Christmas Vacation, 7.e., from 
Friday, 18th December 1896, to Tuesday, 5th January 1897, 
inclusively. 


rogramme of Classes. 
WINTER SESSION, 1896-97. 


PROFESSOR NIECKS. 


Lectures, Theoretical and Practical Instruction, and Concerts, 
in the Winter Session of 1896-97 :— 


I. HISTORY OF MUSIC FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE CHRIS- 
TIAN ERA TO THE PRESENT DAY, MORE ESPECIALLY 
OF THE I5TH, 16TH, AND 17TH CENTURIES. 
Once a week (Thursdays, 3-4), beginning 22nd October. 
Twenty Lectures. Fee, One Guinea. 


2. MUSICAL ANALYSIS. 

The styles of the great pianoforte players and composers 
from Mozart and Clementi to Liszt and Rubenstein, with an 
introductory sketch of the harpischord period. Once a week 
(Mondays, 3-4), beginning 19th October. Twenty Lectures. 
Fee, One Guinea. 

3. HARMONY. 

Twice a week (Tuesdays and Fridays, 3-4), beginning 2oth 

October. Fee, Two Guineas. 


4. ADVANCED HARMONY. 


Twice a week (Tuesdays and Fridays, 4-5), beginning 20th 
October. Fee, Two Guineas. 


700 Faculty of Music—Ctass Prize Lists. 


5. COUNTERPOINT AND COMPOSITION. 
Once a week (Mondays, 4-5), beginning 19th October. Fee, 
Two Guineas. 
6. SERIES OF FIVE HISTORICAL CONCERTS. 
Fee for these Concerts, Half-a-Guinea. Those attending 
any of the Music Classes are admitted free. 


FOR MATRICULATION FEES, &c., see page 2 


Class Prize Lists, 
1895-96. 


HARMONY. 


Honours CERTIFICATE. — 1. Francis M. Crosbie (J/edal/ist); 2. 
Ethel Montgomery ; 3. Edith Norrie. 

HONOURABLE MENTION CERTIFICATE.—4. Ella 5. Donaldson; 5. 
Marian Agnes Maclean ; 6. Joan C, Graham, 


ADVANCED HARMONY. 


Honours CERTIFICATE.—I. Helen Lyon Smith (Aedallist); 2. 
Agnes Johnston (J/eda//ist) ; 3. Margaret Fullarton Kennedy ; 4. 
Janet Jeffrey. 


COUNTERPOINT AND COMPOSITION. 


Honours CERTIFICATE. —1I. Helen Lyon Smith; 2. Christina 
Struthers (J/eda/llists); 3. Agnes Johnston; 4. Robert Hutton 
Malcolm; 5. William Gilchrist Cochrane. 


HISTORY OF MUSIC. 


Honours CERTIFICATE. —I. Robert Hutton Malcolm (Medalist) ; 
2. Elizabeth Irvine; 3. William Gilchrist Cochrane. 

HONOURABLE MENTION CERTIFICATE.—4. Mary Edith Rowe; 5. 
Francis M. Crosbie ; 6. Walter Stanley Armitage. 

MUSICAL ANALYSIS. 

Honours CERTIFICATE.—I. Helen Lyon Smith; 2. Robert Hutton 
Malcolm; (Medallists); 3. Margaret Fullarton Kennedy; 4. 
Janet Jeffrey; 5. Helen Anderson; 6. Mary Edith Rowe; 7. 
Rachel Neill Fraser; 8. Eveline E. G. Dallas; 9. Elizabeth 
Irvine; 11. Edith Walton. 

FREDERICK NIECKS, Professor. 


Regulations for Graduation in Music. οι 


Regulations for Graduation iv Music. 


I. Two degrees in Music are conferred by this University, viz., 
Bachelor of Music (Mus. Bac.), and Doctor of Music (Mus. Doc.). 


J. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 


II. 1. Every Candidate for the degree of Mus. Bac. must pass a 
preliminary examination in :—(1) English, including Geography and 
British History ; (2) Elementary Mathematics or Elementary Physics 
or Logic ; (3) any two of Latin, Greek, French, German, and Italian, 
but one at least must be a modern language. 

2. The extent and standard of the preliminary examination 15 
determined by the Senatus. 

3. A degree in Arts not being a degree honoris causa tantum, in any 
University of the United Kingdom, or in any Colonial or Foreign 
University, specially recognised for the purpose by the University 
Court, after consultation with the Senatus, exempts from the preli- 
minary examination ; and the Senatus has power to determine what 
examinations, other than those for the degree mentioned, will be 
accepted in whole or in part in place of the preliminary examination. 


11. BACHELOR oF MusICc. 
University Attendance. 


III. Candidates for the degree of Mus. Bac. must attend, in the 
University of Edinburgh during a whole Winter Session, a course or 
courses of instruction extending in all to not less than eighty Lectures, 
and including a course on the History of Music. 


III. First PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION. 


IV. There is a First Professional Examination in Music in the 
following subjects :— 
(1) Singing or performing upon some Musical Instrument. 
(2) Reading at Sight. 
(3) Elements of Music, including Musical Modes, and Scales, 
Notation, Measure, and Zemfo. 
(4) Harmony in not more than four parts. 
(5) Elementary Counterpoint. 
(6) Form: Sonata, Rondo, Fugue, and Minor Structures. 
(7) Outlines of the History of Music. 
The Ear Test will be applied to every Candidate. 


IV. SECOND PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION. 


V. There shall be, at least one year after the candidate has passed 
the First Professional Examination, a second Professional Examination 
in Music and in Literature in the following subjects :— 


702 Regulations for Graduation in Music. 


(1) One of the following languages not already taken -in the 
preliminary examination—French, German, Italian. 
(2) Rhetoric and English Literature (including Prose Cemposition 
and a knowledge of Metrical Rules). 
(3) Harmony in not more than five parts. 
(4) Advanced Counterpoint. 
(5) Canon in two parts, and Imitation and Fugue in not more than 
four parts. 
(6) Form (Description of Structure and Character of Musical 
Forms, and Analysis of Musical Works). 
(7) Elements of Instrumentation (Compass of the Orchestral 
Instruments, and of the Organ and Pianoforte). 
(8) Critical Knowledge of certain prescribed Scores. 
(9) Playing at Sight from easy Vocal and Instrumental Scores, 
and from Figured Bass. 
(10) The History of Music. 
(11) Acoustics in so far as connected with the Theory of Music, and 
Physiology of the Vocal Organs. 
Each Candidate will also be required to submit the following exercises 
composed by himself :— 
(2) A Solo Song with Pianoforte Accompaniment. 
(4) A Four-part Vocal Composition. 
(c) An Instrumental Composition (other than a Dance) for the 
Pianoforte or Organ, or for any Stringed or Wind Instrument 
with Pianoforte or Organ Accompaniment. 


The extent and standard of examination is fixed by the Senatus. 
The examination is partly written and partly oral and practical. 


V. Docror or Music. 


V. Bachelors of Music of this University, of not less than three 
years’ standing, and not less than twenty-five years of age, may offer 
themselves for the degree of Mus. Doc. under the following regula- 
tions :—The degree is given in three Departments, those of (1) Com- 
posers ; (2) Executants ; (3) Theorists or Historians ; and Candidates 
may present themselves in one or more Departments. 

VI. (1) Candidates for the degree of Mus. Doc. as Composers must 
submit a prescribed number of Vocal and Instrumental Compositions 
in the larger forms (such as Oratorio, Opera, Cantata, Symphony, 
Sonata, Overture). Each work must be the original and unaided com- 
position of the Candidate, and must be accompanied by a declaration to 
that effect signed by the Candidate. 

(2) Candidates will be examined in the following subjects :— 

(a) The more recondite Contrapuntal Forms—Fugal Writing in 
more than four parts, &c. 

(4) Instrumentation, including prescribed books on the subject. 

(c) The works of the great Composers from Palestrina onwards, 


Preliminary Examination. 703 


VII. (1) Candidates for the degree of Mus. Doc. as Executants will 
be required to show their special skill in the execution of Solo and 
ensemble works in different styles. The works will be selected partly 
by the Candidates and partly by the examiners. 

(2) The Candidates will be examined in sight-reading, and must give 
evidence of their power of playing Orchestral Scores, and will be 
required to invent Transitions and to modulate from one Key and Piece 
to another. They will further be required to pass an examination on 
the History and Literature of their special instrument, and on the 

- method of teaching that instrument. 


VIII. (1) Candidates for the degree of Mus. Doc. as Theorists or 
Historians must present one or more treatises on Theoretical or Historical 
subjects, which must be the result of research and original thought, not 
mere abstracts or compilations of existing works. They must be 
accompanied by a declaration signed by the Candidate that they are his 
own unaided work. 

(2) Candidates will also be required to pass an examination (4) in 
the Theory and (4) in the History of Music. 

The examination will be on a higher standard in the subject which 
the Candidate selects as his specialty. 


IX. The examiners for the degree of Mus. Doc. are the same as for 
the degree of Mus. Bac. 

It is competent to the University Court of the University of 
Edinburgh, after consultation with the Senatus, to modify from time 
to time the provisions as to curriculum hereinbefore contained, in case 
such modification shall be rendered desirable. 

X. (1) The degree of Mus. Doc. may be conferred honoris causd 
tantum. 

(2) The honorary degree of Mus. Doc. will not be conferred by the 
Senatus on any person unless recommended by the Faculty of Music in 
a reasoned representation, submitted in writing to the Senatus, and 
considered and approved by the Senatus at a special meeting at which 
not less than two-thirds of the members were present. 


PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 


The Examination in Italian, English, Latin, Greek, Mathe- 
matics, French, and German is the same as the Preliminary 
Examination in Italian, English, Lower Latin, Lower Greek, 
Lower Mathematics, French, and German for the Degree in 
Arts; and the Examination in Logic and Physics is of the 
same standard as the Preliminary Examination in these sub- 
jects for Degrees in Medicine, The subjects are denoted in the 


704 Faculty of Music—Fees, Dates of Examinations. 


Time-Table of the Preliminary Examinations for the Degree in 
Arts by the figure 4. 

Candidates for Examination must apply at the Matriculation 
Office, University (Old) Buildings, for schedules, which must 
be completed and returned along with the fees, not later than 
18th September 1896 and 1st March 1897 for the autumn and 
spring Examinations respectively.} 

Candidates applying for information regarding the Prelimi- 
nary Examination will be supplied with copies of the Regula- 
tions for the Preliminary Examinations for Degrees in Arts 
and in Medicine, which give the outlines and dates, &c., for the 
Preliminary Examination for Degrees in Music. 


HEE Ss 


Preliminary Examination for each appearance, Ios. 6d. 
Degree of Mus. Bac. is £10, 1os., divided as follows :— 


First Professional Examination . : : + 3839 10 
Second Professional Examination—Literary part . 1 "rs 4o 

Do. Do. —Musical part . Borst eo 
For the Diploma ΞΘ 


: : : : 5 3 

Candidates who fail pay a fee of tos. 6d. for each subject in 
which they are admitted to re-examination. 

Candidates may pay the fees personally, or transmit them to 
T. GILBERT, University, Edinburgh, by Post Office or Postal 
Orders, or by Bank Drafts, crossed Union Bank of Scotland 
(Hunter Square Branch), Edinburgh, and not by cheques on 
private accounts. 


DATES OF DEGREE EXAMINATIONS. 


1897. 
eens 10. Names to be given in, Certificates shown, and fees 

paid, on or before this date. 

» 25. Singing, Playing, Reading at Sight, and Ear Test, 
at 10; Harmony, at 2. 

» 26. Counterpoint, at 10; Elements of Music, at 2; 
Form, at 3. 

», 27. History of Music, at Io. 


1 If names are not entered, and fees are not paid, on or before the stated dates, 
a late-entry fee of ten shillings must be paid before the Candidate can be admitted 
to examination. 


Degrees in Music—Examination Papers. 705 


Examination Papers. 


FIRST PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION FOR 
THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF MUSIC. 


ELEMENTS OF MUSIC. 
TuEspAy, 1644 July 1895. 
Time allowed—Two hours. 


1. Define the terms Pitch, Interval, Measure, and 
Rhythm. 

2. What intervals are δᾷ-- 78, ebh—f, Hf Min ang 
c—bbb? 

3. Write and name the notes and corresponding rests of 
the time values now in use. 

4. What is a Quintuplet, a Septuplet, and a Nonuplet ? 

5. How do you divide the different measures ἢ 

6. On which part or parts of the bar do the accents fall ? 
Are the several accents of a bar alike in emphasis? If not, 
how do they differ ? 

7. Can you give an account of the history of our Chro- 
matic Signs (the Flat, Sharp, Natural, &c.)? 

8. What is the effect of the Flat, Sharp, Natural, &c., 
when they occur in the signature, and what is their effect 
when they occur in the course of the piece ? 

9. What is the origin of the Clefs ? 

10. Name first the Clefs now in general use, and after- 
wards those that are obsolete. 

11. Do you remember a peculiarity in the key-signa- 
tures of former times—say, in the time of Bach and 
Handel ? 

12. What is the original form of the Minor Scale, and 
how did the modern form develop from it ? 

13. Define Key and Tonality. 

14. Write in musical notes what is meant by ‘the twice- 
accented 7,” “the 4-feet c,” -“‘the contra g,” and. -“:the 
16-feet ¢.” ΞΞ 5-- 

ay 


706 Degrees in Music—Examination Papers. 


15. Give a literal translation, and, if necessary, a further 
explanation, of the following terms :— 

Morendo, Lusingando, Tempo doppio, L’istesso tempo, 
Allargando, Con sordino, Senza sordino, Senza sordint (in 
pianoforte music), Az¢enuto, Ritenendo, and Rallentando. 

16. Group the following terms according to the degree 
of speed they denote. Begin with the slowest movement, 
and indicate doubtful cases :— 

Andante, Prestissimo, Largo, Andantino, Adagio, Lento, 
Allegretto, Grave, Vivace, Moderato, Larghetto. 

17. (4) Describe the Aordent. 

(4) Say what is meant by Appoggiatura and Wachschlag. 

(c) Give the old and the modern meaning of Acciaccatura. 

(4) Write in musical notes how you would perform in 
moderate time :— 

a crochet (say, 9) preceded by a Double Appoggiatura 
(cay, /2—a) ; 

a turn on a dotted crotchet (4) followed by a quaver (ὦ ; 

a turn on a semibreve (4) followed by a dotted minim. 

18. What is the meaning, or are the meanings of the 
term “Cadence”? Is any difference made in the English 
use of the terms “ Cadence” and ‘‘ Cadenza” ? 


HARMONY. 
TurspbAy, 16/% July 1895. 


Time allowed—Three hours. 


No; 7 
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S25 Sees Ὁ 
ie f= ον ne 
ΟΣ ig 4-.. 5:.-| ΠΡ ἘΝ ΘΟ 
4, 43 2 ine Ween 


Degrees in Music—Examination Papers. 707 


6 46 
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: ae Ι [ωι] 
| ! 
ie ς δ ν ,ορ κε 
: Tovar) Some ΕΞ = 
“ ΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΙΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΞΞ 


708 Degrees in Music—Examination Papers. 


pees ΞΊ | Bs fae we Se ται στι — ἘΔ ES 
qa eee 


che 2 che ele 71 Se ie eal of 


1. Add three parts to the Figured Bass (No. 1) making 
the highest part as melodious as possible, and writing two 
minims (the same chord in different positions) above the 
semibreves of bars 9-12. 

2. Figure the fragment of a harmonisation by J. S. Bach 
(No. 2); and having done this, point out any Passing Notes, 
Auxiliary Notes, and Suspensions that may occur in it. 

3. Define and give examples of Passing Notes, Auxiliary 
Notes, and Suspensions (either quotations or of your own 
invention). 


Degrees tn Music—Examination Papers. 709 


4. Which are the two tendencies that primarily deter- 
mine the progression of chords and their constituents ? 

5. State the rules relating to Open and Hidden Con- 
secutives (Perfect Octaves, Unisons, and Fifths). Describe 
fully the conditions on which depend the admissibility and 
the more or less inoffensive nature of Hidden Consecutives. 

6. Is the application of the rules relating to Open and 
and Hidden Consecutives as strict in instrumental as in 
vocal music? If not, why not? In this connection state 
also the rule relating to the melodic use of Diminished and 
Augmented Intervals, and the extent of its application in 
vocal and instrumental music respectively. 

7. How do you explain the presence of the Consecu- 
tive Fifths in the examples by Bach, Spohr, and Mozart, 
(No. 3)—which are the mitigating circumstances that pre- 
vented them from being repugnant to the composers? 

8. Harmonise the German Chorale (No. 4). 

9. Harmonise the melody (No. 5) simply, as a folk-song 
ought to be harmonised. 

το. Contrive the following modulations :— 

(2) From G major to Fg major, and from A major to 
E} minor, abruptly, but smoothly, by the Chord of the 
Dominant Seventh of the new key. 

(4) From D major to F minor by the Chord of the 
Dominant Seventh of the new key preceded by a chord 
common to both keys. 

(Ὁ Vary the following chords enharmonically, and resolve 


them— 
ΞΞ ἘΞ εἶξε (Four-part harmony.) 

(4) In any way and by any number of chords: from D 
major to C major, and back to D major; and from G minor 
to Bh major, C minor, and back to G minor. 


το Degrees in Music—Examination Papers. 


ELEMENTARY COUNTERPOINT. 
WEDNESDAY, 17¢2 July 1895. 

t. What are the principal characteristics that distinguish 
Strict from Free Counterpoint ? 

2. Are the rules of Strict Counterpoint purely capricious, 
or have they a reasonable object in view? If there is such 
an object, mention it. 

3. Is the style of Strict Counterpoint the invention of 
pedagogues and merely an educational instrument, or has it 
at any time been a living style, a style evolved and employed 
by creative artists ? 

4. What melodic intervals may be used in Strict Counter- 
point? And why only these and not others ? 

5. Write a melody, consisting of notes of equal length, in 
the strict style. 

6. Add to the following Cantus firmus an alto part in the 
second species. Write this and the following exercises in 
open score, and use the proper clefs. 


pO eS Se ee 


4 31 ἰλ Ξε ξειξε 1: Ξε Ξ’ς Ξ-- ἸΞΞΞ σεις τ eee é 
= SS 

7. Put the above C. f. in the bass, and add to it a tenor 
part in the fourth species (suspensions). 


8. Add two parts to the following C. f., one below in the 
first species, and one above in the fifth (florid). 


SS ae 
= ΞΕ ΞΈΞῇ 


9. Give the above C. f. to the highest part, and add to it 
a middle part in the first species and a bass part in the 
third species (four against one). 


Degrees in Mustc—Examination Papers. Ια 


το. Put the above C. f. in the tenor, and add three parts, 
all in the first species. 


HISTORY OF MUSIC. 
WEDNESDAY, τη July 1895. 
Time allowed— Two hours. 


1. What is the main and natural divison of the history of 
music since the beginning of the Christian era ? 

2. Name, date, and characterise the principal schools of 
composition of the 15th and 16th centuries. 

3. When did the Neapolitan school become prominent ? 
What characteristics more especially distinguished it? Who 
were the most famous masters of that school, and at what 
time did they flourish ? 

4. Describe the state of music and the changes that took 
place in the latter part of the 16th and the early part of the 
17th century. 

5. When did Handel live, and who were his most notable 
musical contemporaries in Germany, Italy, and France ? 

6. State the nationality, time and sphere of action, and 
principal achievements of Lully. 

7. Who is the first great English composer mentioned in 
history, and of what time was he? 

8. What account can you give of Henry Purcell and his 
works ? 

g. What kinds of composition were cultivated in the 16th 
century, and what kinds in the 17th? 

to. Who is the master whom we call the father of the 
String Quartet and the Symphony? [5 he called the father 
because he was the first who wrote String Quartets and 
Symphonies, or why? In which years did he begin to 
cultivate these branches of the art (if you do not remember 
the exact time, state the approximate time) ? 

tr. Describe the nature of Plain Chant, and add also a 
few historical notes. 

12. State the principal points in which the art of 
Palestrina differs from that of more modern times. 


712 Degrees tn Music—Examination Papers. 


13. What was the aim of Gluck’s reform? And when 
did he attempt the reform? ee 

14. In what respects do the later operas of Wagner differ 
from those of his predecessors ? 

15. Name the foremost English composers of the Eliza- 
bethan age; and the most famous Glee composers of 18th 
and roth centuries. 

16. Enumerate the principal works of Handel and J. 5. 
Bach, and differentiate their styles. 

17. Describe the form of the Chamber Cantata. 

18. State briefly the time, nationality, and claims to fame 
of the following musicians: Alessandro Scarlatti, Kalk- 
brenner, Claudio Monteverde, Campra, Lowe, Frangols 
Couperin, Glinka, and Pistocchi. 


FORM. 
WEDNESDAY, γέ July 1895. 
(Time allowed — Two hours.) 


1. Define the term “ Form,” and say what other terms 
may be substituted for it. 

2. What is your definition of a Period? 

3. How may a Period be divided? 

4. Do all Periods admit of the same divisions? 

5. Do Periods and the Divisions of Periods differ in 
length, or are they always of the same length? And are 
Periods and Parts of Periods invariably symmetrical? If 
these questions have to be answered in the negative, describe 
some of the possible arrangements. 

6. What is the nature of the material contents of a period Ὁ 

7. What is meant by Binary and Ternary Form ἢ 

8. One may say that there are three factors in form— 
three things from which arises what we call form. Can you 
name these three factors ? 

g. Describe the Sonata—the number of its movements, 
the possible forms of these movements, the keys in which 
they appear, and more especially the First-movement Sonata 
Form. 


Faculty of Music—Bucher Scholarship. 713 


10. Describe the structure of the Fugue. 

11. Analyse Nos. 2 and 3 of Schumann’s A/dum for the 
Young, Op. 68. 

12. Analyse of Beethoven’s Sonata, Op. 10, No. 3, in D 
major, the first movement (/res/o), the second movement 
(Largo e mesto), and the last movement (/ozdo). 

13. In connection with J. 5. Bach’s Fugue in F major 
(3 time), No. 11 of the Wohltemperirte Klavier, answer the 
following questions. 

(a) Give the extent of the subject. (6) Where does the 
second Exposition begin? (ὦ Whence is the material of the 
second Episode (where does it begin?) derived? (d@) Point 
out the Stretti. 


BUCHER SCHOLARSHIP. 


By the will of Signor Theophile Bucher, his trustees were enjoined 
to pay over the residue of his estate, amounting to about £4000, to 
the University, for the purpose of founding one or more Scholarships. 
in Music to be held by any young men born in Scotland, who may 
shew a natural talent for music and wish to make it their profession, 
for the purpose of improving their education, and enabling them to 
prosecute the study of the science and art of Music in Italy, Germany, 
and France. 

The Subjects of Examination for the Scholarship include Harmony, 
Rhythm, and Counterpoint, and the competition is open to young men 
between the ages of sixteen and twenty-five inclusively. The value 
shall not, after deducting the expenses of management and of examina- 
tion, exceed £120 in any one year, the interest in excess of that sum to 
be added to the capital to form a second Scholarship. It is tenable for 
three years, and may be extended to a period not exceeding two years, 
during which time the scholars must prosecute the study of the science 
and art of Music in Italy, Germany, and France, as the Senatus, on 
the recommendation of the Faculty of Music, may determine. The 
Scholarship may be open in 1899. See Scheme of Administration, 
page 709 of CALENDAR for 1894-95. 

1896. Robert Hutton Malcolm. 


FREDERICK NIECKS, 
Dean of the Faculty of Music. 


714 


few Foundations, Kc. 


10) 


REGULATIONS FOR GEORGE HERIOT’S FELLOWSHIPS. 


(1) The Fellowships shall be open to any Bachelor of Science or of 
Medicine of the University of Edinburgh of not more than five years’ 
standing from his Bachelor’s Degree, or to any Master of Arts with 
Honours, of the University of Edinburgh, of not more than five years’ 
standing from his Master’s Degree, provided always that the Candidate 
shall have attended during his curriculum for not less than two 
years at the University of Edinburgh. 

(2) Applications for these Fellowships must be lodged with the 
Secretary of Senatus not later than Ist June each year. The Applica- 
tion must be accompanied by a Thesis in terms of Rule 3 hereafter, 
and by a statement of the manner in which the Applicant proposes to 
fulfil the conditions of tenure laid down in Rule 4 hereafter. At the 
same date, applications shall be lodged by such of the Fellows of the 
preceding year as may desire a continuation of their Fellowship, and 
can show good reason why such continuation should be granted. 

(3) One Fellowship shall be offered each year, in each of the follow- 
ing three Groups of Study :— 

(1) Mathematical, Physical, Experimental, and Natural Science, 
embracing the following subjects :—Mathematics, Natural 
Philosophy, Astronomy, Botany, Geology, Chemistry, 
Zoology, Physiology, Human Anatomy, Anthropology. 

(2) Language and Literature, embracing — Latin, Greek, 
Modern Greek, English, French, German, Italian, San- 
skrit, Hebrew, Arabic, Syriac, Celtic. 

(3) Philosophy and History, embracing — Logic and Meta- 
physics, Moral Philosophy, Political Economy, Educa- 
tion (Theory, History, and Art of), Philosophy of Law, 
History, Archeology and Art (History of), Constitutional 
Law and History, Roman Law, Public Law. 

The award shall be made by Competitive Examination among the 
Candidates in each Group. This Competitive Examination shall be 
conducted by means of Theses composed by the competing Candidates 
on subjects, chosen by themselves, connected with their special study 


Deeds of New Foundations. 715 


or branch of research, as announced by them in terms of Rules 2 and 
4 hereof. 

The examination of the Theses shall be entrusted to Examiners 
appointed by the University Court after consultation with the Senatus. 

The said Examiners shall make a joint report to the Senatus on 
the Theses, and the Senatus shall, after consideration of said report, 
recommend the Heriot Governors to award the Fellowships, provided 
the Senatus are satisfied that the Candidates chosen by the Examiners 
are sufficiently well qualified. 

In the event of equality between Candidates in two different subjects 
within the same group, preference shall be given to the subjects in the 
order of their occurrence in the above list ; provided always, that after 
each occasion on which an award has been made in any particular sub- 
ject, the name of that subject shall be removed to the bottom of the list 
in the respective Group. 

In the case of no award being made in any Group, the Fellowship 
thus set free may be awarded to one of the Fellows of the preceding 
year in any of the three groups (in accordance with Rule 6), or may 
be offered to the most deserving of the unsuccessful Candidates in one 
of the other groups, as the Senatus, on the report of the Examiners, 
may recommend. 

(4) During his year of tenure the Fellow shall prosecute Research in 
some department of Language and Literature, Philosophy and History, 
or Science, to be specified by him in his application. The Applicant 
for a Fellowship must give evidence that his time will be sufficiently at 
his disposal, during the year of his tenure, to allow him to carry on the 
research specified. And he must give evidence, especially in his 
Thesis, of capacity for conducting such research, either by describing 
work which he has already done or by detailing plans for future work. 

(5) Payment of the Stipend of the Fellowship shall be made half- 
yearly in advance. Before receiving any payment after the first the 
Fellow shall submit to the Dean of the Faculty in which he is a 
Graduate a written report on the progress of the work in which he is 
engaged, with a programme of his future work. If this report and 
programme appear to the Dean, or, if he is in doubt, to the Senatus, 
to be sufficient, he shall countersign the same and forward them to the 
Treasurer of the Heriot Trust as warrant for the payment of the Fellow’s 
stipend. 

(6) It shall be in the power of the Heriot Governors, if they see fit, 
in special cases, on receipt of a report from the Senatus recommending 
such action, to continue the tenure of a Heriot Fellow for such period 
as they may determine. 

(7) It shall be in the power of the Heriot Governors at any time to 
make such inquiries through the Senatus into the conduct and work of 
a Heriot Fellow as they may desire, and to suspend or discontinue his 
Fellowship should they see fit, and also to take like action on any 
report originating with the Senatus itself. 


716 


Henefactors of the University. 


HE Revenues of the University were formerly scanty and 
very inadequate for the encouragement of the higher edu- 
cation and learning in the Scottish metropolis. Scholarships 
and Fellowships were unknown prior to those recently instituted, 
and the emoluments of several of the Chairs are still greatly 
inferior to those in many other Universities. 

During the early period of its history, the University received 
a considerable number of small donations and bequests, chiefly 
for Bursaries. Notices of these will be found in the preceding 
pages, in the Histories of the University by Bower, Dalzel, and 
Grant, and in the Report of the Universities’ Commissioners in 
1830. A list of early Benefactors to the Library is given at p. 41. 

By Act 1 & 2 Vict., cap. 55, the various sums of money 
mortified in the hands of the Town Council for the support of 
the University, amounting to £13,119, were discharged, and an 
annual payment of £2500 (since reduced to £2170), secured 
in terms of “The Edinburgh Corporation Stock Act, 1894,” 
over the Common Good of the City, &c. 

Within this century, but especially since 1860, many donations 
and bequests have been made by Benefactors of the University 
for the foundation of Fellowships, Scholarships, and Bursaries, 
for the endowment of Chairs, and for the erection of the New 
Buildings, including the great ‘‘M‘Ewan Hall.” As the Uni- 
versity, however, is still very inadequately endowed, much 
requires to be done that it may not fali behind the require- 
ments of the age. Intending Benefactors are respectfully 
reminded that additional CHAIRS, LECTURESHIPS, LABORA- 
TORY EQUIPMENTS, LIBRARY ENDOWMENTS, SCHOLARSHIPS, 
BURSARIES, and FUNDs for RESEARCH, for GENERAL MAIN- 
TENANCE, and for BUILDING, are urgently required. The 


Benefactors of the University. "17 


names of Benefactors, if so desired, may be connected with the 
Benefactions they bestow. Such Benefactions may simply be 
conveyed to the “ University of Edinburgh.” All necessary 
information will be gladly afforded by the Secretary of the 
University Court, the Secretary of Senatus, the Registrar, the 
Deans of the Faculties, or the University Librarian. 

The following list includes the chief Benefactors of the present 
century, together with the purposes of their benefactions ! :-— 


(A.)—Founders of Bursaries tn the present Century. 
Rev. J. STUART, South Carolina—Founder of the Stuart Bursaries. 


Sir JoHN M‘PHERSON, late Governor-General of India—lKounder of 
the M‘Pherson Bursary (now the Macpherson Scholarship). 


Rey. R. BLAIR, D.D.—Founder of the Blair Bursariesin Artsand Theology. 


J. Stewart HeEpzsurn, Esq. of Colquhalzie—Founder of three Theo- 
logical Bursaries. 


JouN JAMIESON, Esq., Edinburgh—Founder of the Jamieson Bursary. 
GEORGE PARKER BIDDER, Esq.—Founder of the Jardine Bursary. 


WILLIAM LENNIE, Esq., Teacher, Edinburgh—Founder of the Lennie 
Bursaries. 


JoHN Bruce, Esq., Trinity Crescent, Edinburgh— Founder of the 
Bruce Bursaries. 


M‘DIARMID TESTIMONIAL TRUSTEES—Founders of the M‘Diarmid 
Bursary. 


W. PaTRIcK, Esq. of Roughwood—Founder of the Patrick Bursaries. 
JAMES GRAY, Esq. of Baadpark—Founder of the Gray Bursaries. 
EDINBURGH CAITHNESS ASSOCIATION—Founders of a Bursary. 
EDINBURGH GALLOWAY AssocIATION—Founders of a Bursary. 
AYRSHIRE CLUB—Founders of two Bursaries. 

PEEBLESSHIRE SOCIETY—Founders of a Bursary. 

Dr ABERCROMBIE, Cape Town—Founder of a Bursary. 

Mrs MArGT. TYNDALL BRUCE of Falkland—Founder of Bursaries. 


TRUSTEES of FRANCIS J. ScoTT, Esq. of Mount Lodge, Portobello— 
Founders of two Bursaries. 


1 An Association exists for the purpose of promoting—rst, The Foundation of 
Bursaries and of Scholarships and Fellowships for the encouragement of the higher 
learning among the more advanced Students; 2d, The better Endowment of 
existing Chairs where necessary ; 3d, ‘The Foundation of new Professorships and 
Lectureships ; 4th, The aid of the General University Fund; and sth, Other Univer- 
sity objects. 

The Chancellor of the University is President of this Association ; the Hon. Secre- 
tary is Sir Alexander Christison, Bart.; and the Acting Secretary is Rcbert G. Scott, 
Esq., W.S., 19 Castle Street, Edinburgh. 


718 Benefactors of the University. 


Miss HANNAH HARRISON of Lasswade—Founder of a Bursary. . 

Miss MAry Err_es of Inverness—Founder of three Bursaries, and the 
** Ettles Medical Scholarship.” 

TRusTEEs of the Rev. JoHN SPENCE, Minister of Kinnaird—Founders 
of two Bursaries. 

JouHN ROBERTSON SIBBALD, M.D.—Founder of Five Bursaries. 

ARGYLLSHIRE, BUTE, and WESTERN [51.885 ASSOCIATIONS—Founders 
of a Bursary. 

SUBSCRIBERS to MEMORIAL to ROBERT STEWART, Esq. of Ardvor- 
lich—F ounders of a Bursary. 

THE EDINBURGH BORDER COUNTIES ASSOCIATION—Founders of two 
Bursaries. 

THE Ricut Hon. THomMaAs, EARL oF ZETLAND—Founder of the 
Orkney and Zetland Bursary. 

TRUSTEES OF JAMES GRIERSON, OF OGSCASTLE—Founders of the 
Grierson Bursaries. 

TRUSTEES OF Dr MACKIE, Leith—Founders of Mackie Bursaries. 

TRUSTEES of J. CAIRNS, Esq., W.S.—Founders of the Cairns Bursary. 


TRUSTEES OF Mrs JOHNSTONE of Harthope, Moffat—Founders of the 
Johnstone of Harthope Bursary, 


TRUSTEES OF JAMES LAMBERT, Esq., Alloa—Founders of the Lambert 
Bursary. 

ROBERT MARSHALL, Esq., Merchant, Edinburgh—Founder of the 
Marshall Bursary. 

JoHN FoTHRINGHAM, Esq. of Heathpool—Founder of the Fothring- 
ham and Forrest Bursaries. 


Right Hon. LAWRENCE, EARL ΟΕ ZETLAND—Founder of the Zetland 
Bursaries. 


ANDREW THomson, M.D.—Founder of Eight Bursaries in Arts, Divi- 
nity, Law, and Medicine. 

EpinpurGH East LoTHIaAN AssoctATIOoN—Founders of a Bursary in 
Arts. 

EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY ENDOWMENT AssocIATION—Founders of 
Six Bursaries in Arts. 

Mrs ISABELLA WEBSTER—Founder of the Webster Bursaries in Divinity. 


Dr JoHN AITKEN CARLYLE—Founder of two Bursaries in the Faculty 
of Medicine. 


Mrs ELIZABETH MACKENZIE—Founder of the Mackenzie Bursaries. 
Dr JOHN Muir—Founder of a Classical Bursary. 


TRUSTEES OF Mrs BARBARA MACAULAY OR MYLNE—Founders of a 
Bursary in Divinity. 


Benefactors of the University. 719 


TRUSTEES OF Rev. JOHN PATTERSON—Founders of a Bursary in Anglo- 
Saxon Grammar and Literature. 

THOMAS CARLYLE—Founder of the John Welsh Bursaries in Mathe- 
matics and Classics. 


Mrs HELEN ANDERSON or RONALD, Liverpool—Founder of the 
Anderson Bursaries. 


SUBSCRIBERS to Testimonial to W. MACKINNON, Esq. of Balinakill 
—Founders of the Mackinnon Bursaries. 


TRUSTEES of JAMES WHITELAW—Founders of Whitelaw Bursaries. 

TRUSTEES of WILLIAM RENTON, Esg.—Founders of a Bursary in 
Divinity, and one in Arts. 

Miss IsABELLA MACDOUGALL, Perth—Founder of the John and 
Isabella Macdougall Bursaries. 

ROBERT HUNTER, Esq., Dalhousie Chesters—Founder of two Bursaries 
in Divinity. 

ROBERT PILLANS NEWTON of Castlandhill and Drumcross—Founder 
of the Newton Bursaries. 

PETER CAMPBELL MANN of Seaham Harbour, Durham—Founder of 
a Bursary. 

CHARLES JARDINE of Thorlieshope—Founder of Bursaries in Arts. 

IsAAC ANDERSON HENRy—Founder of the Anderson Henry Prize. 

Mrs H. E. Mortison—Founder of the Mackenzie (Stornoway) Bursary. 

DANIEL MACLAURIN, Esq.—Founder of the Maclaurin Bursary. 

THOMAS LOcKERBY, Esq.—Founder of the Lockerby Bursary. 

GEORGE CousIN, Esq.—Founder of the ‘‘ Bailie Cousin Bursary.” 

Tuomas HILL Pattison, M.D.—Founder of the Pattison Prize in 
Clinical Surgery. 

Major RoBERT ORR CRICHTON of Lynn—Founder of the Crichton 
Bursaries in the Faculty of Medicine. 

Rev. THomMAs MAULE—Founder of Maule’s Bursaries. 


Mrs A. B. R. MILNER FOTHERGILL of Hayton Quarry—Founder of 
the Milner Fothergill Gold Medal in Therapeutics. 


DONALD FRASER, M.D., London, and AssocIATION for the BETTER 
ENDOWMENT of the UNIVERSITY-—Founders of the Donald Fraser 
Bursary in Experimental Physics. 

SUBSCRIBERS TO MEMORIAL TO PROFESSOR KELLAND—Founders of 
Kelland Memorial Prize. 

GOVERNORS OF GEORGE HERIOTS’ TRusT—Founders of Bursaries in 
Arts, Science, and Medicine. 

Dr THOMAS CHARLES Hope, late Professor of Chemistry—Founder of 
the Hope Prize (now two Hope Scholarships). 


720 Benefactors of the Untversity. 


Mrs MARGARET TYNDALL BRUCE—Founder of Prize in Logic Class. 

DANIEL EL.is, Esq.—Founder of ‘* The Ellis Prize” in the Faculty of 
Medicine. 

JouN Epwarpb Baxter, Esq., of Craigtay, bequeathed the reversion of 
his Estate for the purpose of founding Scholarships, ete. 
Dr NEIL ARNotT gave £1000 for Promoting the Study of Experi- 
mental Physics among the Medical Students of the University. 
Rev. Hew Scovrr of Wester Anstruther—Founder of the Scott and 
Dunbar Prize in Greek. 

JoHN WILsoN, Esq. of South Bantaskine—Founder of the Robert 
Wilson Prize in Chemistry. 

Mrs E. WiGHTMAN—Founder of the Wightman Prize in Clinical 
Medicine. 

JAMES GEORGE BEANEY, Esq.—Founder of the Beaney Prize. 

ANDREW ROBERTSON CAMERON, M.D., of Richmond, New South 
Wales—Founder of the Cameron Prize. 


(B.)—ounders of Scholarships or Fellowships in the present Century. 


THE Pirr CLus—Founders of two Scholarships, one in Arts and one 
in Divinity. 

JAMES MACKENZIE, Esq., W.S.—Founder of Mackenzie Scholarship. 

ALEX. HENRY RHIND, Esq. of Sibster—Founder of the Rhind 
Scholarships and Bursaries. 

Sir Davip BAXTER, Bart., of Kilmaron—Founder of the Baxter 
Scholarships in Arts and Science. 

Sir WILLIAM FETTES, Bart.—Founder of the Fettes Exhibitions. 

JouN Maxton, Esq.—Founder of a Divinity Scholarship. 

Miss ELIZABETH DRUMMOND—Founder of the Drummond Scholarship. 

Mrs MARGARET TYNDALL BrucE—Founder of three Scholarships. ’ 

JAMEs GUTHRIE, Esq., of London—Founder of the Guthrie Fellowship. 

SUBSCRIBERS to HAMILTON MEMORIAL FUND, and ASSOCIATION for 
the BerrerR ENDOWMENT of the UNIVERSITY—Founders of a 
Philosophical Fellowship. 

AssocIATION for the BETTER ENDOWMENT of the UNIVERSITY— 
Founders of a Classical Fellowship. 

Trustees of Dr J. H. GILCHRIsT—Founders of three Scholarships for 
Natives of India. 

JOHN ROBERTSON SIBBALD, M.D.—Founder of a Medical Scholarship. 

Miss MARY BAxTER, of Balgavies—Founder of Scholarships. 

SUBSCRIBERS to FALCONER MEMORIAL FuND—Founders of a Fellow+ 
ship. 


Benefactors of the University. 21 


SUBSCRIBERS to SYME FELLOWSHIP—Founders of a Fellowship in the 
Medical Faculty. 

SUBSCRIBERS to GoopsIR MEMORIAL FuNnp—Founders of a Fellow- 
ship in the Medical Faculty. 

Rev. JOSEPH TAYLOR GoopsiIR bequeathed £900 to Supplement the 
Goodsir Memorial Fund. 

ROBERT A. Goopsir, M.D., Edinburgh, bequeathed residue of his 
Estate, amounting to about £2000, to supplement the Goodsir 
Memorial Fund. 

TRUSTEES OF Mrs CHARLES MACLAREN—Founders of the Charles 
Maclaren Scholarship. 

SUBSCRIBERS to GLOVER MEMORIAL FUND, and ASSOCIATION for the 
BETTER ENDOWMENT of the UNIvVeERsIry — Founders of the 
‘Glover Divinity Scholarship.” 

Mrs M. ARNo?TT, Widow of NEIL ArNoTT, M.D.—Founder of the 
** Neil Arnott Scholarship for Experimental Physics.” 

JoHN Epwarpb BAxTER, Esq. of Craigtay, bequeathed the residue of 
his estate, out of which three Scholarships named after him have 
been founded by the University Endowment Association. 


The Rev. DAvID AITKEN, D.D., formerly Minister of Minto—Founder 
of the Aitken Scholarship. 

DAVID SKIRVING, Esq., of 13 Westbourne Park, London—Founder 
of the Skirving Scholarship for Moral Philosophy. 

ANDREW THomson, M.D.—Founder of a Scholarship. 

Misses Kipp of Woodhouse—Founders of the David Kidd Divinity 
Scholarship. 

Dr R. H. GuNNING of Rio Janeiro—Founder of ten Prizes in the 
Faculty of Divinity, and of eleven Prizes in the Faculty of Medi- 
cine, 

Dr T. LecKiz—Founder of the Leckie-Mactier Scholarship. 

SUBSCRIBERS TO MEMORIAL OF Dr COLDSTREAM—Founders of the 
Coldstream Memorial Medical Missionary Scholarship, 

Mrs JAMES BUCHANAN—Founder of a Scholarship in Midwifery and 
Gynecology. 

Dr ANDREW VaNs Dun top, H.E.I.C.—Founder of the Vans Dunlop 
Scholarships in Arts, Law, and Medicine. 

Misses STEVEN of Bellahouston—Founders of a Scholarship in Agricul- 
ture. 

SUBSCRIBERS TO MEMORIAL OF Dr CHARLES MURCHISON—Founders 
of the ‘* Charles Murchison Scholarship.” 

Mrs MAry ANN ScoTT or THOMSON of Hawick—Founder of the 
James Scott Scholarship in Midwifery. 


22 


722 Benefactors of the University. 


ROBERT MACKAY-SMITH, Esq., Edinburgh—Founder of the Mackay- 
Smith Scholarships in Natural Philosophy and Chemistry. 

Dr FREDERICK JOHN Movat—Founder of the Mouat Scholarship in 
Practice of Physic. 

Dr JoHN Srark, Auchtermuchty—Founder of the Stark Scholarship 
in Clinical Medicine. 

Mrs Kipp—Founder of ‘‘ James Fairbairn’s Scholarship.” 

Miss JANE JEFFREY—Founder of the Jeffrey Scholarships, 

Dr A. H. FREELAND BARBOUR—Founder of the Freeland Barbour 
Fellowship. 

Miss MATILDA JOHNSTON Coss—Founder of the Cobb Divinity 
Scholarship. 

Mrs ELIZABETH MACKIE or TREVELYAN—Founder of Scholarships in 
Engineering and Mechanical and Useful Arts. κα 

Mrs MuIRHEAD—Founder of Prize in Civil Law Class. 

SUBSCRIBERS TO LORIMER MEMORIAL FUND AND ASSOCIATION FOR 
THE BETTER ENDOWMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY—Founders of 
the Lorimer Travelling Scholarship. 

GEORGE ScoTt, Esq., Peckham, London— Founder of the Scott 
Travelling Scholarship, for purposes of Study or Research. 

GOVERNORS OF GEORGE HeErioT’s TRusT—Founders of Fellowships 
in Arts and Pure Science. oa 

Mrs E. Crozier or NicHor, Edinburgh—Founder of Scholarship in 
Natural Philosophy. 

TRUSTEES OF LATE EARL OF MURRAY—Founders of “Τῆς Earl of 
Moray’s Endowment of £20,000” for Original Research. 


(C.)—Founders of New Chairs, Contributors of Endowments to existing 
Chairs, or of Money, &c., to the University Funds, Library, &c., 
within the present Century. 

General JoHN REID—Founder of the Theory of Music Chair, who also 

bequeathed money to the Funds of the University. 
General Sir JosepH STRATON—Bequest to the University Funds. 
Sir JAMES ErSKINE, of Torry, bequeathed Pictures, Bronzes, and 
Marbles to the University. [Lent to the National Gallery. ] 

Sir WILLIAM PULTENEY—Founder of the Chair of Agriculture. 

Dr Witt1AM THoMsoN—Founder of the Thomsonian Lectureship in 
Mineralogy. 

Sir GEORGE BALLINGALL, late Professor of Military Surgery—Pre- 

sented his Library to the University. 

Dr ὟΝ. P. ALISON, late Professor of the Theory of Medicine—Pre- 

sented his Medical Books to the University. 


Benefactors of the University. 723 


Joun Muir, D.C.L., LL.D., Edinburgh—Founder of Sanskrit 
Chair. 

Sir DAavip BAXTER, Bart., of Kilmaron 
Engineering. 

Davip Cowan, Esq., of Auchendrane, bequeathed £1000 to the Asso- 
ciation for Promoting the Endowment of the University. 


Sir RopERICK IMPEY MURCHISON gave £6000 for the Endowment of 
the Chair of Geology. 


J.O. HALLIWELL PHILLIPPs, Esq., presented his valuable Shakespearean 
Collection to the University. 

RoserT Cox, Esq., W.S., bequeathed £5000 for general purposes and 
for completing the Dome of the University buildings. 

Signor THEOPHILE BUCHER bequeathed his Music Library to the Chair 
of Music, and reversion of estate to found Scholarships in Music. 

THE MERCHANT COMPANY OF EDINBURGH, and other Governors of 
George Watson’s and Daniel Stewart’s Hospitals—Founders of the 
Chair of Political Economy and Commercial Law. 

Mr HEnry G. and Miss FRANCES WATSON—Donors of Fund for the 
‘*Watson-Gordon Professorship of Fine Art.” The Deed of 
Foundation will be found in CALENDAR for 1873-74, p. 320. 

Sir D. BAXTER, of Kilmaron, bequeathed £20,000 for the Extension of 
the University buildings, and £20,000 for the Further Endowment 
of the Chairs in the Faculty of Arts. 

Miss Brown, of Lanfine, presented a portion of the Minerals and 
Fossils which belonged to her father—to be called ‘‘ The Water- 
haugh Collection.” 

THE BELL TRUSTEES, who gave £6000 for the Endowment of the Bell 
Chair of the Theory, History, and Practice of Education. (En- 
dowment increased in 1886 by £4500, added by Educational 
Endowments Commission. ) 

Joun B. BAILLi£, who transferred the collection of Arabic MSS., 
formed by Lieut.-Col. Baillie of Leys, to the University Library. 

Dr Davipb LAING, bequeathed his MSS. to the University Library. 

Mrs Hopecson, presented Works on Political Economy, collected by 
her late husband, Prof. Hodgson, to the University Library. 

Dr Vans DUNLOP bequeathed £3000 to the General Fund of the 
University. 

SUBSCRIBERS to the CELTIC CHAIR, by whom a fund of £14,000 
was raised for the endowment of this Chair by the exertions of 
Professor Blackie. 

Miss MARY Dick bequeathed a moiety of the residue of her estate to 
accumulate for twenty-one years from 1883, or till it shall amount to 


£10,000, for the Foundation of a Chair of Comparative or Surgical 
Anatomy, as considered most to be required. 


Founder of the Chair of 


724 Benefactors of the Universtty. 


SUBSCRIBERS of £500 and upwards to the Mire . oF EDIN- 


BURGH BUILDINGS EXTENSION SCHEME” 
The late Sir David Baxter of Kilmaron, Bes 
bequest, less Legacy Duty, - - 

William M‘Ewan, Esq., M.P., - - 


by 


- £18,000 


The late Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, K.G., 


ΠΣ ΤΉ ΕΝ : ἥ é 


The Magistrates and Council of the City of Edinburgh, 


The Right Hon. the Earl of Moray, - 
The Right Hon. The Earl of Rosebery, LL.D., 
The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 
The Right Hon. the Earl of Stair, Καὶ Τὶ, 

Messrs John Jeffrey & Co., - - - 
The late J. Fulton, Esq., Clinton Road, - 
Charles Andrew Aitchison, Esq., Queen Street, 
The Most Hon. the Marquis of Bute, - - 
Andrew Caregie, Esq., New York and Pittsburg, 
The Right Hon. the Earl of Derby, 

J. R. Findlay, Esq., Rothesay Terrace, - 
The Right Hon. The Earl of Home, - - 
The Right Hon. The Earl of Hopetoun, - 


The late Sir William Stirling-Maxwell of Pollok pas 


Keir, Bart., LL.D., M.P. - - 


The Rt. Hon. The Earl τ της and March, LL.D., 


The Right Hon. the Lord Justice-General, D.C. τ 


LL.D., Chancellor of the University, 
Messrs Phos Nelson & Sons, - - 
The late Henry George Watson, Esq., C.A., 
The Most Hon. the Marquis of Lothian, 

The Society of Writers to the Signet, - - 

J. Lindsay Bennet, Esq., Taviton Street, London, 
James Cowan, Esq., Royal Terrace, - - 
Robert Richardson, Esq., Bruntsfield Place, - 
C. Morrison, Esq. of Islay, - - Ξ 

C. Jenner, Esq., - - - - 
The late David Anderson, Esq., of Moredun, - 
James H. Renton, Esq., Park Lane, London, 
Professor Sir W. Turner, LL.D., - - 


1 See Statement of Funds in Calendar, 1889-99, Appendix, p. 22. 


6,500 


4,000 


1,000 
1,000 


On Ὁ ΘΟ OMO?. ©) Cn ORONO Ὁ ΘΟ Ὁ oO 


ΘΟ 


OF ΘΟ Ὁ. Ὁ Ὁ ον Οσο. Ὁ 


ΘΓ Ο 


° GOO m On OMOl© Om On OMmOMOTORORO 


° 


Θ᾽ 1G) O86) LOMO) οὐ ΘΟ 


Benefactors of the University. 


~ 
Ὁ 
σι 


The Most Hon. The Marquis of Hartington, - - £500) Ὁ; Ὁ 
Charles Cowan, Esq., of Logan House, - - 500 Oo ὁ 
T. R. Buchanan, Esq., M.P., - - - - 500 0 O 
P. D. Swan, Esq., Provost of Kirkcaldy, - - 500 Ο O 
Lady Campbell of Garscube, - - 500 Ὁ. Ὁ 
The late William Cumming, Esq., M.D., ἘΣ Place! 500 0 O 
The late James T. Gibson- cee Esq., Vouk gees - 500 0 Ὁ 
Professor Crum Brown, - - 500 Ὁ. Ὁ 
The Goldsmiths’ Company of ewok - - 500 oO O 
W. Mackinnon, Esq., of Balinakill and Loup, - 500 Ὁ O 
The late Graham Menzies, Esq. of Hallyburton, - 500 Ὁ O 
John Graham Menzies, Esq., Grosvenor Crescent, - 500 Ὁ Ὁ 
W. D. Menzies, Esq., Grosvenor Crescent, - - 500 Ὁ, Ὁ 
The late Miss Trail, Aberlady, by bequest, - - 500 Ο O 
Messrs William Younger & Co., Abbey Brewery, - 500 O Ὁ 
The Right Hon. The Earl of Zetland, - - : 500 0 O 
Anonymous, - - - - - 500 O Ὁ 


The total amount of subscriptions received was rae 048, 2s. 5d. 


EARL OF ROSEBERY provided £50 a year for Lectureship on Philo- 
sophy of Natural History for five years. 

WILLIAM F. CumMMING, M.D., presented a Drinking Fountain, erected 
in the Quadrangle of the Old Buildings, in 1886. 

Joun Hope, W.S., presented a Drinking Fountain to the University 
New Buildings, 1886. 

ALEX. GIBSON, Esq., Advocate, bequeathed £ 2000, free of legacy-duty, 
to the General Fund of the University. 

WILLIAM M‘EwAn, Esq., M.P., founder of the M‘Ewan University 
Hall. 

ADAM GIFFORD, Senator of the College of Justice, bequeathed £25,000 
for the foundation of a Lectureship for promoting, advancing, 
teaching, and diffusing the study of Natural Theology in the 
widest sense of that term. 

JoHn Futon, Esq., bequeathed £3000 to General Univ ersity 
Fund, the greater part of which has been devoted to the equip- 
ment of the new Engineering Laboratory, called the ““ Fulton 
Laboratory.” 

Miss ELIZABETH STEVEN, of Bellahouston—Founder of the Steven 
J.ectureship in connection with the Chair of Agriculture. 

ALEXANDER Low Bruce, Esq., Edinburgh, bequeathed £5000 to assist 
in founding a Chair of Public Health. 


James RITCHIE, Esq., bequeathed £3000 for University purposes, 


726 Bequests and Donations during 1895-96. 


HIGHLAND AND AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, £631, and ScorTrisH 
ARBORICULTURAL Society, £433—for further Endowment of 
Lectureship in Forestry. 

Dr Puitip NELSON, Annan, bequeathed £50 to University Building 
Fund. 

Misses MARGARET KEITH AyYTOUN and ISABELLA AYTOUN— 
Founders of the Edmondstone Aytoun Fellowship. 


BEQUESTS AND DONATIONS DURING 1895-96. 
I. Bequests. 

Bust of the late Professor John Goodsir, bequeathed by his brother, the 
late Dr Robert Goodsir. 

Bequest by the late Mrs E. Crozier or Nichol, of 12 Findhorn Place, 
Edinburgh, of £2000 for the foundation and Endowment of an 
Assistantship in connection with the Chair of Natural Philosophy. 

Bequest by the late Mrs Jane Allan, 5 Magdala Crescent, Edinburgh, 
widow of the late John Allan, M.D., H.E.I.C.S., of £1500 for 
the foundation of a Fellowship in the Faculty of Medicine. 

Legacy by Misses Margaret Keith Aytoun and Isabella Aytoun of 
£2500, free of legacy duty, for the Foundation and Endowment of 
a Fellowship to bear the name of ‘‘ The Edmondstone Aytoun 
Fellowship.” 

II. Donations. 


Volume of ‘Stray Papers on Legal Subjects,” presented by Thomas 
Barclay, Esq., LL.B., Member of the Institute of International 
Law, Paris. 

Copy of the Phra Tripitaka, consisting of 19 volumes, printed in the 
Pali language but in Siamese characters, presented by His Majesty 
the King of Siam. 

Copies of the French Government’s publications of their “ Mission 
Archéologique Francaise du Caire,” presented by Sir Colin Scott 
Moncrieff, Under Secretary for Scotland. 

Bust of Edward Forbes, Professor of Natural History in the University 
(1854-55), presented by Robert Cox, Esq., of Gorgie, M.P. 

Donation by the Trustees of the late Earl of Moray of £20,000, out of 
the Bequest left by him for the benefit of certain Institutions, as a 
Fund for the promotion of Original Research in the University of 
Edinburgh, to be called ‘* The Earl of Moray’s Endowment.” 

Gift by Miss E. A. Ormerod, F.E.S., St Albans, of a collection of 
Economic Entomology, prepared by herself and her sister. 

The Highland and Agricultural Society—£50 towards expense of in- 
struction in Forestry for the current year. 

A valuable collection of specimens in illustration of Diseases of the 
Eye, presented by Douglas Argyll Robertson, LL.D. 

Bones of the Lower Limb of the ‘‘ Black Dwarf,” presented by John 
3rown, Esq. 

Two additional Fellowships in Arts or Pure Science, each of £100 a 


Bequests and Donations during 1895-96. 727 


year, instituted by the Governors of George Heriot’s Trust, and 
styled the ‘*‘ George Heriot Fellowships.” 
Donation by Hugh Cleghorn, M.D., F.R.S.E., F.L.S., &c., of Stra- 
vithie, of £1000 towards Endowment of Lectureships in Forestry. 
Bust of Thomas Carlyle, by Woolner, presented by Thomas M‘Kie, 
Esq., Advocate. 
Donations to Library. 

Besides various valuable contributions from the Governments of 
Great Britain, Canada, France, India, Italy, New South Wales, 
Norway and Sweden, Russia, Victoria, &c., the University has, in 
the course of the year 1895-96, received Donations from the following 
Universities :—Aberdeen, Basle, Birmingham, Bombay, Buenos Ayres, 
Calcutta, California, Christiania, Cornell Columbia College, New York, 
Harvard, Johns Hopkins, Imperial University of Japan, Konigsberg, 
London University, Leyden, Madras, Madrid, Rostock, Toronto, 
Utrecht, Warsaw, Yale. Many other public institutions at home and 
abroad have also sent their publications :—The Royal Society of 
Edinburgh ; the Royal Scottish Geographical Society ; the Society of 
Scottish Antiquaries ; the Royal Observatory, Edinburgh ; the Physical 
Society, Edinburgh ; the Church of Scotland ; the Highland and Agri- 
cultural Society; the Fishery Board for Scotland; the Royal Irish 
Academy; the Royal Academy of Medicine, Ireland; the British 
Museum; the Science and Art Department, South Kensington ; the 
British Association for the Advancement of Science; the Royal Geo- 
graphical Society, London; the Astronomical Society, London; the 
Greenwich Observatory; the Musée Guimet; the Smithsonian Insti- 
tution; the United States National Museum ; the Library of the Sur- 
geon-General’s Office ; the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard ; 
the New York State Museum; the Royal Society, Victoria; the 
Australian Museum, Sydney ; the New Zealand Institute ; the Canadian 
Institute ; the Geological Survey of Canada; the Geological Survey of 
India; the Archzeological Survey of India; the Geological Survey of 
the United States; the Geological Survey of Minnesota; The Geo- 
logical Survey of Missouri; the Department of Agriculture, Michigan ; 
the Geological Survey of Iowa; Institution of Civil Engineers ; Gaelic 
Society of Inverness ; the Trustees of the Baird Lectures ; the Trustees 
of the Hibbert Lectures ; the Polled Cattle Society ; the Suffolk Sheep 
Society ; the Clydesdale Horse Society ; &c., &c. 

Among the numerous private donors to whose liberality the Library 
has been indebted, are :— 


Prof. J. S. Blackie (by bequest)—Collection of Modern Greek Books, 

The Prince of Monaco—k ésultats des campagnes scientifiques. 

Major Sprot, of Stravithie, in name of the late Dr Hugh Cleghorn— 
Collection of books, mainly dealing with Forestry. 

Principal Sir William Muir—Various additions to his collection of 
Oriental works. 


728 Bequests and Donations during 1895-96. 


Sir C. Scott Moncrieff—Mémoires publiés par les membres de la 
Mission Archéologique Frangaise au Caire. 

The Rt. Hon. Arthur J. Balfour, M.P.—Sixteen volumes (chiefly 
Philosophical). 

Professor A. Crum Brown—The Relation between the Movements of 
the Eyes and the Movements of the Head. 

Professor Calderwood—Evolution and Man’s place in Nature. 

Professor Wallace—Farming Industries of Cape Colony. 

Professor Geikie—Fragments of Earth Lore. 

Professor Laurie—Historical Survey of Pre-Christian Education. 

Professor Nicholson—Strikes and Social Problems. 

Professor Saintsbury—Forty volumes of English Classics. 

Professor Prothero—E. Channing—The United States of America, 
1765-1865. W. O’Connor Morris—Ireland, 1494-1868. The 
Growth of British Policy, by Sir J. R. Seeley. 

Professor Rutherford—On the Structure and Affinities of the Tabulate 
Corals, by H. A. Nicholson. 

Emeritus Professor Campbell Fraser—The Philosophy of Theism. 

Mrs Ramsay of Kildalton—The Book of Islay. 

Dr Burgess—Some Early Sovereigns of Travancore, by P. S. Pillai. 

Messrs W. ἃ R. Chambers—Life and Works of Robert Burns, by 
Robert Chambers, revised by W. Wallace; Chambers’s Journal 
for 1895. 

Mr W. G. Don—Archeological Notes on Early Scotland. 

Mr A. T. Tsimbouraky—Essai d’un plan de métaphysique. 

Mr H. W. Young—Sir Peter Young, of Seaton. 

Dr T. G. Nasmyth—Health and Sanitary Condition of County and 
Districts of Fife. 

Mr A. Duncan—Memorials of the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons 
of Glasgow, 1599-1850. 

Mr W. Platt—Youth’s Love Lost; being a Romantic Play. 

M. E. Aymonier—Voyage dans le Laos. Tom. I. 

Sheriff Mackay—A History of Fife and Kinross. 

Mr W. F. Regan—Boer and Uitlander. 

Mr Levi Orser—The Natural Method of Writing Music. 

Dr D. H. Miiller—Die Propheten in ihrer urspriinglichen Form. 

Dr J. Gairdner—Report of the Crieff Medical Officer of Health. 

Mr H. Uriel—The Cause of Hard Times. 

Mr W. Rhys Roberts—British Universities. 

Mr A. W. Hutton—The Vaccination Question. 

Dr W. G. Macpherson—Annual Reports (1891-1895) Public Health of 
Gibraltar. 

Mr J. M. Clark—The Functions of a Great University. 

Mr A. D. Weld-French—County Records of the Surnames of Francus, 
Franceis, French, in England Α.}), 1100-1350. 

Mr A. Young—Theatre Panics and their Cure. 


729 
ABSTRACT OF THE ACCOUNTS OF 
Che Anibversity of Edinburgh 


FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31sr AUGUST 1895. 


CAPITAL. 
. GENERAL UNIVERSITY FuND :— 
| Funds at beginning of year. : : ; : : . £69,415 ΥΙ 2 
Added during year— 
| Surplus of Revenue over Expenditure for year. : : 513) eal 
£69,928 18 3 
I. FUNDS PARTLY OR WHOLLY UNAPPROPRIATED ΤῸ PAR- 


TICULAR PURPOSES :— 
| Funds at beginning of year. : : 4075905 2 Ὁ 
| Added during year— 
Legacy by the late Dr Philip Nelson to the 
University Building Fund. £50 0 o 
Estimated capitalised value of 
Annuity of £1,745, 5s. 4d., 
payable to the University 
under the Edinburgh Cor- 
poration Stock Act, 1894, 
in continuation of an An- 
nuity of the same amount 
formerly paid by the Leith 
Dock Commissioners, but 
not capitalised in the Uni- 


versity Accounts : ἘΠ 8.175 LEO 

Surplus of Revenue over Ex- 
penditure for year. : 371 14 8 
£58,597 5 8 


ess Amount of Accumulations of 

Revenue of Bursaries formerly 

charged upon the Annuity from 

the Leith Dock Commissioners 

above referred to, nowtransferred 

to separate accounts for these 

Bursaries : : : ΠΟ, jae 7, 

=——— 573194) 18" τ 


£125,190 Ὁ 1 
Carry forward, £195,118 18 4 


730 Abstract of Accounts— Capital. 


Brought forward, £195,118 18 
III. FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO PARTICULAR PURPOSES OTHER 
THAN BURSARIES, SCHOLARSHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS, AND 
PRIZES :-— 
Funds at beginning of year. ο é A111,643 15 2 
Added during year— 
Profit on realising City of 
Edinburgh Bonds A ΠΥ ΓΗ οἷο). (Ὁ) 
Surplus on Pension Fund. 2,450 10 8 
Surplus of Revenue over Ex- 
penditure . , : Σ 108 3.9 
ππτ--τ ΑΞ ὁ 
----- ΞΡ oe 


IV. FUNDS FOR BURSARIES, SCHOLARSHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS, 
AND PRIZES :— 


Funds at beginning of year. : : £287,370 18 5 
Added during year— 
Estimated capitalised value of 
Annuity of £424, 14s. 8d., 
payable to the University for 
Bursaries under the Edin- 
burgh Corporation Stock 
Act, 1894, in continuation 
of an Annuity of the same 
amount formerly paid by the 
Leith Dock Commissioners, 
but not capitalised in the 
University Accounts » AIA 157 15. 17 
Amount of Accumulations of 
Revenue of Bursaries for- 
merly charged upon the 
Leith Dock Annuity above 
referred to, now transferred 
to separate accounts for 
these Bursaries under this 


head ; 5 : “+ 1,402, 7) ay 
Profit in realising City of 
Edinburgh Bonds . : 220 14 O 


Blair Bursary in Arts, formerly 
under the management of 
the Blair Trustees, now 
transferred to the University 
Court ὃ : 8 2 415 10 10 


Carry forward, £16,196 7 9£287,370 18 5 £309,906 7 


“΄ 


Abstract of Accounts— Capital. 731 


Brought forward, £16,196 7 9£287,370 18 5£309,906 7 11 

Balance of the Residue of the 

Estate of the late Signor 

Theophile Bucher for the 

foundation and endowment 

of a scholarship in the 

Faculty of Music : : Ο13 9) 8 
Payment on account of ἃ 

Legacy by the late Mrs 

Harriet E. Morrison, for 

the foundation and endow- 

ment of the Mackenzie 

(Stornoway) Bursary in the 

Faculty of Arts : 2 902 13 0 
Legacy by the late George 

Scott, Esq., for the founda- 

tion and endowment of a 

Travelling Scholarship in 

the Faculty of Arts. 11,000) ©. © 
Sum received from Dr Gun- 

ning, being unapplied in- 

terest on Bond for £5000 

granted by him in favour of 

the University on 6th March 

1890, for the institution of 

Medical Prizes, which are 

presently paid by Dr Gun- 


ning through his own Agents 295 I I 
Surplus of Revenue over Ex- 
penditure for year. See 2,200.12) 40 
21,514 4 3 
308,885 2 8 
. EsKBANK FEU-DUTIES—CASUALTY FUND. 
Fund at beginning of year. : : το 220 6.5 
Added during the year :— 
Surplus of Revenue over Expenditure for year 18.17 1 
5 253) ἢ 5 
Total Funds at 31st August 1895 . : ὃ £619,044 17 τὸ 


Nore.—The above Funds are stated at their book value or cost price. The market value of 
2 Funds at the 31st August 1895 exceeded the book value by £43,500, 17s. 4d. No notice is taken 
ove of the University Buildings, New Medical-School, Music Class Room, Principal's Official 
ssidence, and Lecture Hall in Park Place, or of the Library, Museum, and Furnishings of the 
liversity, as the values of these are not known. 


7132 


Abstract of Accounts—Revenue and Expenditure. 


REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. 
I. GENERAL UNIVERSITY FUND. 


Revenue. 

1. Matriculation Fees . ; 

2. Entrance Fees from Students. not matricu 
lated 

3. Fees in lieu of Matriculation Fees 

4. Preliminary Examination Fees . 

5. Graduation Fees :— 
(1) Arts 5 ἢ : . L616) δ᾽ ὁ 
(2) Science . 5 : Betyg, Ὁ 
(3) Medicine ; : 3105426 ὍΣ Εἰ 
(4) Divinity . : : ὮΣ 56 15. © 
(5) Law : ; : 2. .63°00)90 
(6) Music. : ὦ Ἶ Ὁ (Ὁ) 

6. Fees of Registration of Members of General 
Council 

7. Fees of Access to Library 

8. Income from Accumulations of the ‘General 
University Fund . 

g. Income from Funds bequeathed for general 
purposes :— 
(1) Straton Fund : : L446 τὉ 
(2) Cox Fund . . : 69 7 10 
(3) Gibson Fund. Ξ : 64 7 Ὁ 

10. Income from Funds partly appropriated to 


particular purposes, the Surplus Income of 
which falls to general purposes :— 
(1) Leith Harbour Annuity 


Fund. : : ae COSOmceES 
(2) Reid Fund . 5 500) 40) a2 
(3) Baxter Salary F und. 2. 18) ΤΊ 


. Income from Funds specifically appropriated 


by Deed of Endowment to Class Ex- 
penses :— 


(1) Fund for Chair — of 

Engineering : ἌΓ 23, aS 
(2) Fund for Chair of 

Geology . 49 10 I 
(3) Fund for Chair GE Fine 

Art . : : ;: 40 16 10 


Revenue. Expenditu 
43,057 12 Ὁ ise 

LOMO 

39.9. Ὁ 

376 11 6 
7,377 4 6 

314 0 Ὁ 

49 17 6 


2,242 12.0.0 


579 16 4 


1,252 13 9 


Carry forward, £104 1O-1t 415, πο ours 


Abstract of Accounts— Revenue and Expenditure. 733 


Revenue. Expenditure. 
Brought forward, 4104 10 11 £15,300 2 4 
(4) Fund for Chair of Com- 
mercial and Political 
Economy . : : 74. Ὁ Ὁ 
(5) Gilchrist Fund for pur- 
chase of apparatus. "79 15 O 
-ς 258, δ᾽ ΠῚ 
Income from Parliamentary Grant : + 2,879. Ὁ. Ὁ 
Income from Endowment of Chairs in the 
Faculty of Divinity . : : : : 282. teh 2 
Surplus on Fee Fund . : : « ΖΦ ΊΤΘΟΙ Ὁ 7 
Royalty from Publisher of University Calendar 100 Ὁ Ὁ 
Fees from Societies for Use of Rooms, &c. . 20) 16 
: £44,010 7 2 
Uxpenditure, 
Expenses of Administration :— 
(1) University Court . : ; : : m 4843 6 1 
(2) Senatus Academicus . : : : ΣΝ 1817 Ὁ Ὁ 
(3) General Council . : : ; ; ie 202) Ὁ 2 
(4) Curators of Patronage . E . : is}, 3) 8 
(5) Editing University Calendar . z : 50), O10 
(6) Students’ Representative Council . : 35, Ὁ Ὁ 
(7) Factor . : : : ξ : : 869 12 8 
(8) Law Agents ‘ : ᾿ ; . ᾿ 69 15 8 
(9) Auditor : : : : : : He 50 19 Ὁ 
43,956 16 τι 


Salaries to Principal and Professors :— 
(1) Salary to Principal in ac- 

cordance with Section 

III. of Ordinance No. 

27 of the Scottish Uni- 

versities Commissioners £1,048 18 0 
(2) Salaries to Professors in 

accordance with Section 

VII., Subsection 1 (4), 

of said Ordinance 7. 20 7 τὸ. 1 
(3) Salaries to Professors in 

accordance with Section 

VII., Subsection 2, of 

said Ordinance -. we 1,327 16) τὸ 
(4) Salaries to Professors in 

accordance with Sec- 

tions IX. and XI., Sub- 


Carry forward, £6,634 10 11 £44,010 7 2 £3,956 16 11 


734 Abstract of Accounts—Revenue and Expenditure. 


Revenue. Expenditu 
Brought forward, £6,634 10 11444,010 7 2 £3,956 16 
section 2 (@), of said 
Ordinance . : : 3,542 Ὁ ὦ 
(5) Salaries to Professors in 
the Faculty of Divinity 
in accordance with Sec- 
tion XI., Sub-section 2, 
(e) of said Ordinance . 452 (Saaz 


3. Provision for Pensions to Retired Professors . 5,000 0 
4. Upkeep of Buildings :— 
(1) Buildings and Furnishings £3,248 18 o 
(2) Lighting, Heating, and 


Cleaning . τ ΤΠ ie. 
(3) Public Burdens and Feu- 
Duties ὃ ; : 469 16 oO 
(4) Insurance : : P 2123 ἃ 2 
Sa 5,276 ς 
5. Equipment and Upkeep of Library. : 2,620 τ 
6. Equipment and Upkeep of Museums. : 415 1 
7. Equipment and Upkeep of Laboratories, in- 
cluding Class Expenses . 5 : : 2,751 ἢ 
8. Lecturers and Assistants. : : : 8,593 1 
9. Examiners . : : : Ἶ : : 2,547 
10. Service : : : : : 1,132 
11. Class Medals Avil Prizes. : Bs é 296 
12. Graduation Expenses . : : . : 190 
13. Incidental Expenses and Grants . : : 88 


£44,010 7 2 £43,497 | 
Deduct Transfers to other Funds. 10,585 12 11 10,585 1 


Carried to Abstract . . 4335424 14 3 £32,000 


IJ.—FEE FUND ACCOUNT AND SALARIES ACCOUNT :— 
Revenue. Expendit 
1. Fee Fund Account . : 4 : . £24,558 9 O £24,558 
2. Salaries Account. : 6 : 2 | Ὁ552 16. Ὁ 9,283 I 
£33,842 5 6 £33,842 
Deduct Transfers to other Funds . 2,109 9 3 2,199 


Carried to Abstract . . £31,642 16 3 £31,642 


». 
Ἦ ὦ τ Sp 


Abstract of Accounts— Revenue and Expenditure. 735. 


(¥l.—Funps ParTrLy oR WHOLLY -UNAPPROPRIATED TO PARTICULAR 
PURPOSES :— 


Ϊ Revenue. Expenditure. 
} 1. Annuity under the Edinburgh ey ΠΡΌΣ θΟΣ 
Ὶ Stock Act, 1894. . : ‘ - 61,687 Οἷτοι £1,687 ὦ τὸ 
2. Reid Fund : 1,593 I5 10 1,593 15 10 
3. Reid Professorship of Music, Assistants, 
__and Expenses Fund : : : : 520. 19) .Ὁὃ 150 55 Ὁ 
ἡ 4: Straton Fund . : : ; : : 446 1 6 446 1 6 
Ἢ συ. Cox Fund : ἃ : ‘ : : 69 7 τὸ 69 7 IO 
16. Gibson Fund . 3 ἔ : 64 14 2 ἢ 
7. University Building Fund ν : : I 12 Ὁ 


44,382 12 8 £4,010 18 ὁ 
Deduct Transfers to other Funds . 3,231 4 Io 3:221 4 ἸῸ 


Carried to Abstract . al, US tee 10 LITO 12. Ζ 


IV.—FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO PARTICULAR PURPOSES OTHER THAN 
BURSARIES, SCHOLARSHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS, AND PRIZES. 


Revenue. Expenditure. 
I. Baxter Salary Fund. ὃ : ὉΠ 5851 6 2 ε55.12 
2. Bell Chair of Education : ; ; SOI yI2e oO 361 11 Io 
3. Celtic Chair : κ᾿ : : 514 15 2 514 14 10 
4. Chair of Commercial and Political 
Economy : : ὃ : 524 0 0 524 0 0 
5. Chair of Engineering, vi Viz. :— 
(1) Fund for Professor’s Salary : 193) 6 8 193 6 8 
(2) Fund for Expenses of the Chair . 235400 23 4 Ὁ 
6. Chair or Lectureship on Forestry ; 215. δ "ὃ 213512 2 
7. Gilchrist Fund. 0 : ς ; 70: 15. Ὁ 7915 0 
8. Gifford Lectureship. : : : 7AL ΤΟ ἡ 741 9 4 
9. Muir Chair of Sanskrit ; : , 201 M7, ἢ 201 17 8 
10. Murchison Chair of Geology, viz. : — 
(1) Fund for Professor’s Salary : 181 o 6 151: Ὁ ἢ 
| (2) Fund for Expenses of the Chair . 364 2 8 30. 5. 8 
11. Pulteney Chair of Agriculture : j 18. 2. ἢ πες Ὁ 
12. Chair of Public Health : : : τά 77 “Ὁ Se 
13. Pension Fund . + 5,053: Ὁ Ὁ, 125607 "quem 
14. Steven Lectureship on Agriculture : 94 5 Ὁ 94 5 0 
15. Thomson Funds, viz. :— 
(1) Fund for Salary of Professor of 
Natural History. 17. τ ὃ 34 11 4 
(2) Fund for Pa at of Chair Of 
Geology . : 4-6-5 416 Ὁ 


Carry forward, £8,990 0 6 Tan AS TE ΟἽ ἋΣ 


736 


16. 


17. 
18. 


V.—FUNDS FOR BURSARIES, SCHOLARSHIPS 
’ 


D PWS 


Abstract of Accounts—Revenue and Expenditure. 


Revenue. 


Brought forward, £8,990 0 6 £6431 6 


Watson Gordon Professorship of Fine 
Art., viz. :— 


(1) Fund for Professor’s Salary 426 9 4 
(2) Fund for Expenses of the Chair . 40 16 τὸ 
Lectures on Agriculture to Rural School- 
masters . 450 0 O 
Chair of Conveyancing 105 Ὁ Ὁ 
410,012 6 8 
Deduct Transfers to other Funds 3,320 2 11 
Carried to Abstract £6,682 3 9 


. Aitken Scholarship 
. Ardvorlich Bursary 


Neil Arnott Prize : 

Neil Arnott Scholarship ὃ 

Baxter Mathematical and Philosophical 
Scholarships 


. Baxter Natural and Physical Science 


Scholarships 


. Misses Baxter of Balgavie’ 5 Scholarships 
. John Edward Baxter Scholarships, viz. :— 


(1) Fund for Scholarships 
(2) Fund for Examiners’ Fees . 


. Bruce of Grangehill and Falkland 


Bursaries and Senora 


. Beaney Prize Ὁ 

. Buchanan Scholarship . 

. Buchanan Bursary 

. Bucher Scholarship 

. Bayne Bursary 

. Brown Bursaries . 

. Blair Arts Bursary 

. Cairns Bursary 

. Cameron Prize. 

. DrJohn Aitken Carlyle’ s Medical Bursaries 
. Cousin Prize 2 

. Bailie Cousin Bursary . 

. Cobb Scholarship ; 

. Crichton Bursaries, and Scholarships 


Carry forward, 


Revenue. 
£93 17 
15 9 
40 12 
37 4 
II9 9 
144 11 
156 3 
250 17 
Eig 
497 9 
36 5 
39 3 
22.8 
apis 
24 3 
24 3 
4 13 
18 7 
go 2 
54 2 
14 4 
27 mat 
21) ὁ 
I0Ig 7 


nN FOLD 


oo ON 


oft OOO oR OBNON 


Expenditu) 


426 
40 I 


450 0 
105 ὁ 


£7453 12 
3330 2 


£4123 9 


FELLOWSHIPS, AND PRIZES 


Expendit 
£57 8 
15 @ 
40 13 
37 4 


29 17 


108 8 
78 17 


Ἃ 
tN 
_ 


aS 
° 
~ 


_ " 
Ww co 

_— "»ὶ ϑ . 

DF Of ND OAMW! DA? wna 


£2799 7 3 41334 I 


Abstract of Accounts—Revenue and Expenditure. 


Revenue. 
Brought forward, £2799 ἢ 3 
24. Drummond Scholarship, viz. :— 
(1) Fund for Scholarship . 102) 2, Ὁ 
(2) Fund for Examiners’ Fees . δ᾽ Ὁ 
25. William Dickson Travelling Fund δο τ ἢ 
26. Dundas Bursaries. : 2 1 0. ΤῸ 
27. Dalgleish and Macmorran Bursary 13 8 6 
28. Edinburgh University Endowment As- 
sociation’s Arts Bursaries . 12010740 
29. Ettles’ Divinity Scholarships . LION 2. 2 
30. Ettles’ Medical Scholarship . 233 ΤΟ ὃ 
31. Ellis Prize —. 23 19 IO 
32. Exhibition of 1851 Science Scholarships 200 0 Ὁ 
33. Falconer Memorial Fellowship, viz.:— 
(1) Fund for Fellowship 108 6 2 
(2) Fund for Examiners’ Fees 5 9) 4 
34. Fothringham and Forrest Bursaries 38 Ὁ Ὁ 
35. James Fairbairn Scholarship 52 ἘΣ Ὁ 
36. Freeland Barbour eee AS 7. 
37. Fraser Bursaries . 2 1 Ὁ 
38. Donald Fraser Bursary 48 6 8 
39. Ford Bursaries 32 4 6 
40. Glover Divinity Scholarship . 36 12 10 
41. Gray Scholarships 82. 17 2 
42. Guthrie Fellowship 95 6 8 
43. Grierson Bursaries é Bar oO) ὃ 
44. Gunning Scholarships . ἘΠ ἢ 
45. Gunning Medical Prizes ἐὰν 
46. Goodsir Memorial Prize. 62 0 0 
47. Hamilton Philosophical Fellowship, viz. :— 
(1) Fund for Fellowship 94 9 10 
(2) Fund for Examiners’ Fees 5 1 6 
48, Harrison Bursary. 32 2 10 
49. Hope Prize . 69 16 τὸ 
50. Robert Hunter Bursaries 32 12 6 
51. Jardine Bursary 2 3.0 
52. Jardine of Thorlieshope Bursaries . 145 10 4 
53. Johnston of Harthope Bey Ther 4a 
54. Jeffrey Scholarships TAT. 7 Ὁ 
55. Robert Johnston Bursaries . 54 12 4 
56. Archibald Johnstone Bursary : 12. 15. Ὁ 
57. David Kidd Divinity Berge sme 330475 
58.. Kelland Memorial Prize 4 9 2 
59. General Lang’s Bequest 0,3} Ὁ 
60, Lockerby Bursary 30 19 8 
Carry forward, R227 2. ἢ 


34 


£1334 


102 


30 


£3045 


737 


Expenditure. 


I 


2 


_ 
CNH OADMON OWS © 


738 


Abstract of Accounts—Revenue and Expenditure. 


Brought forward, 


. Lorimer Travelling Scholarship 

. Leckie Mactier Fellowship . 

. Leighton and Struthers Bursary : 
. Charles Maclaren Scholarship, viz. :---- 


(1) Fund for Scholarship 
(2) Fund for Examiners’ Fees 


. Maxton Scholarship. 

. Mackenzie Classical Scholar ship « 
. Macpherson Bursaries . 

. Marshall Bursary. 

. Mackenzie Bursaries in Anatomy 
. Mackinnon Bursaries . 

. Mann Bursaries 

. Mackie Bursaries 


Maclaurin Bursary 


. Maule Bursaries . 


Milner Fothergill Prize 


. Muirhead Prize 

. M‘Lurg and Penman Bursary 

. Miller Bursary . 

. Mitchell and Shortt Bursary 

. Mackenzie (Stornoway) Bursary 

. Newton Bursaries : 

. Nairne Bursary 

. Prizes in Sanskrit 

. Pitt Club Classical Scholarship 

. Pitt Club Theological μόνας os 


Patrick Bursaries 


. Pattison Bursary . 

. Patterson Bursary 

. Bailie John Penman Bursary 

. Rey. John Penman High School Bursaries 
. Pringle and Wardrop Buvesy 

. Rhind Scholarships 

. Renton Bursary in Arts 

. Renton Bursary in Divinity . 

. Ramsay Bursary in Arts 

. Ramsay Bursary in Divinity 

. Horsliehill Scott Bursary 

. Shaw Philosophical Fellowship 
. Shortt Bursary 


Steven of Beliahouston Scholarship 


. Syme Surgical Fellowship, viz. :— 


(1) Fund for Fellowship 
(2) Fund for Examiners’ Fees 


Carry forward, 


Revenue. 
£5227 2 7 
36 τὸ 
band 
21 16 


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»: 
(ooo Mo me) 
_ 


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oc 
- 


_ 
a 
_— 


- 
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= 
- 
PADCIOCONFH WMODOMOFFHOMOA Ὁ WO 


» 
wat 
-_ \ 
WY COCODP UI οὐ De OC DOW Co 


_ 
° 
_ 

oO 
_ 


NI = = 
Ὁ ο σι 
to ke _ _ 
ο. > ey 
° ROR ODOANANNMOW AD 


"- 
° 
on 
- - 
= O 
on 


£7265 a 


Expenditure. 


£3045 13 5 
ΤΣ ὁ 8 


_ ω > 
a co ο 
_ oe Ll - 
maorfrashtoandc 


ἘΠ 
oo “NI 
ὧν σι οὐ Κὶ O: De OndNwWwoowowo: : 


_— 

ow 

- 

+ 

- 
Nnotonsa anon 


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£5362 4 4 


NHAAWADASUNANO OL 


Abstract of Accounts—Revenue and Expenditure. 739 


Revenue. I-xpenditure. 
Brought forward, £7,265 9 1 £5,362 4 4 
102. Scott and Dunbar Prize ὃ : 20. 18. Ἃ 274 Oat 
103. Dobbie Smith Prize. : : 4177 Ὁ ἜΝ 
104. Mackay Smith Scholarships, Viz. :— 
(1) Fund for Scholarships . . : 96 13 4 84 11 8 
(2) Fund for Examiners’ Fees. : Beda ἢ bys 
105. Stark Scholarship : ; : Ξ yl 3% ὃ 54 4 6 
106. James Scott Scholarship : : é 41 ed AT τ 5 
107. Stewart Bursaries : : : : 34 16 “Ὁ 19)- 6 8 
108. George Scott Scholarship. : : 2. 5. τ 6 9 0 
109. Tarsappie Bursary : : : : 212 3 aaa 
110. Trevelyan Scholarship 3 : : 30° ὦ 
111. Trotter and Penman bursary ὁ : ἢ : 
112. Vans Dunlop Scholarships . : :- 2,21, Δ ἢ 2 ΟΣ: 
113. Wightman Prize . : - :- ὃ Ei 15. Ὁ ἘΝ 
114. Robert Wilson Prize. : : : 8. 1ὸ 2 Ὁ 13 II 
115. Webster Bursaries : ; ; : 120) Ὁ 80 12 10 
116. John Welsh Bursaries : : : LOAM 15 2 204 10 3 
117. Whitelaw Bursaries. 4 : 68 2 4 79 10 Ὁ 
118. King William III. τλτξει Ἀπ ν 50 0 Ὁ 25 Oma 
119. Weir, Jenkins, Hepburn, and Lightbody 
Bursary . I 0. 3 τι Go) 3 
120. Wight, M ‘Call, and Christie Bursary : 1g) [212/95 
Carried to Abstract : - £10,375 9 7 £8,165 πο τὸ 
VI. EskBANK FEU-DuTIES—CASUALTY FUND. 
Total amount of Feu-Duties and Ex- Revenue. Expenditure. 
penditure therefrom : : 4494 18 ὁ £476 16 11 
Deduct transfer to other Funds : 460: 1.2 461 ἸΖ 
Carried to Abstract : 3 £33 16 10 Liss (ἢ 
ABSTRACT OF REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. 
Revenue. Expenditure. 
I. GENERAL UNIVERSITY FUND { 33.424 14 3 £32,911 '7 2 
Il. FEE Funb ACCOUNT AND SALARIES 
ACCOUNT . : : . 31,642 16 3) 931,642) 106 2 
111. FUNDS PARTLY OR WHOLLY UNAPPROPRI- 
ATED TO PARTICULAR PURPOSES : ΤΕ 7 1ὸ ΠΟΤ 2 
1V. FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO PARTICULAR 
PURPOSES OTHER THAN BURSARIES, 
SCHOLARSHIPS, του τ, AND 
PRIZES ; ἢ : +. 165682: 3 ὁ 4,123 9 4 
V. FUNDS FOR BURSARIES, " SCHOLARSHIPS, ‘ 
; FELLOWSHIPS, AND PRIZES : a 105375) One 7 8,168 16 10 
VI. EskBANK Feu-DuTIES—CASUALTY FUND 33 16 τὸ 15,1500 


Torat, REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE, £83,310 8 6 £77,641 18 6 


740 


The Gniversity Court. 


ABSTRACT OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNIVERSITY 
COURT, FRoM 1st MAY 1895 To 1st MAY 1896. 


Monpay, 20TH May 1895.—The Minutes of last meeting were 
submitted and approved. 

A letter was read from Mr Arthur M. Goodhart in acknowledgment 
of the letter of sympathy which the Court had addressed to the Hon, 
Mrs Goodhart in her late bereavement. Γ 

On the motion of the Principal, the Court instructed the Secretary to 
send an expression of their sympathy to the family of the late Dr Hugh 
Cleghorn, F.R.S.E., of Stravithie, Fife, who had been a generous bene- 
factor of the University in connection with the foundation of the Forestry ~ 
Lectureship. 

It was intimated that the Commissioners’ Ordinances Nos. 135 to 137 
and 139 to 144 had been laid before both Houses of Parliament. 

On the recommendation of Professor Rutherford, Mr Robert 
Hutcheson, M.B., was appointed University Assistant in Physio- 
logical Chemistry for the remainder of the current academical year. 

The Court approved of certain changes in the teaching staff of 
the Edinburgh School of Medicine for Women, intimated by Dr 
Jex Blake. 

The Court agreed to a request by Mr 5. Henbest Capper, M.A., 
&c., that the special course on “" Architectural Styles in Britain,” which 
the Court had permitted him to deliver this summer, should be deferred 
till the summer session 1896. A letter was read from Mr ἃ. W. 
Burnet, requesting that the course of lectures which he was to deliver 
this summer on “‘ International Private Law ” should be deferred until 
next winter session, on the ground of ill-health. The Court granted 
this request. 

A letter was read from the Siamese Minister, to the effect that His 
Majesty the King of Siam had been graciously pleased to send, for ac- 
ceptance by the University of Edinburgh, a copy of the Phra Tripitaka, 
consisting of nineteen volumes, printed in the Pali language, but in 
Siamese characters. The Secretary was instructed to convey to His 
Majesty the King of Siam, through the Siamese Minister, the respectful 
thanks of the Court. 

A letter was read from the Secretary of the Highland and Agri- 
cultural Society, intimating a grant by the Society of £50 towards the 
Forestry Lectureship for the current year. 


Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 741 


On the recommendation of the Finance Committee, the Court fixed 
the fee for the reappearance of Candidates who fail to pass the examina- 
tions for the degrees of M.D. and Ch.M., under the new statutes, at 
£5, 55. for each of these degrees. 

The Court fixed the fee for a second attendance on the class of 
Medical Jurisprudence at £3, 3s., as recommended by the Finance 
Committee. 

The Finance Committee reported that they had passed for pay- 
ment various awards of bursaries, &c., fees to examiners, and library 
accounts. 

The Works Committee submitted their report on repairs and jobbing 
work for the past half-year. 

The Court sanctioned the delivery, during the summer session, of a 
course of lectures on Pathological Bacteriology by Dr Robert Muir, 
similar to that which he had given in the winter. 


MonDAY, 17TH JUNE 1895.—The Minutes of last meeting were sub- 
mitted and approved. 

It was intimated that copies had been received of Orders in Council 
approving of Ordinances (Edinburgh No. 10—Regulations for Degrees 
in Medicine, supplementary to Ordinance No. 16); No. 57 (General 
No. 19—Regulations as to Bursaries, Scholarships, and Fellowships) ; 
No. 58 (General No. 20—Regulations for admitting women to Bursaries, 
Scholarships, and Fellowships. ) 

There was laid before the Court an application from Professor David 
Masson for permission to retire from the Chair of Rhetoric and English 
Literature which he had held since 1865. The Court, in resolving to 
accept Professor Masson’s resignation, directed that it should be en- 
tered in their minutes that they did so with great regret. It was 
resolved that the resignation should take effect as from 31st August 
next. 

A question raised by Professor Calderwood as to the rights of Pro- 
fessors appointed prior to 1889 to take the benefit of Ordinance No. 32 
(Pensions to Principals and Professors) was remitted to the Business 
and Law Committee. 

The Court continued the appointment of Mr J. M. Cotterill, M.B., 
as an Additional Examiner in Clinical Surgery till the 31st December. 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, the Court agreed to make 
provision for the instruction of women in advanced courses qualifying 
for Graduation in Science within the University in the Departments of 
Zoology and Botany. 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, the Court resolved, in terms 
of Ordinance No, 16, vii. (5), to grant a general recognition to all 
Hospitals which satisfy the conditions of the section referred to as to 
number of patients and medical and surgical staff, and authorised the 
Dean of the Faculty of Medicine to accept the certificate of any hospital 
on being satisfied that it fulfilled these conditions. 


742 Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 


On the recommendation of the Senatus, the Court recognised the 
course of lectures on Botany given by Mr Robert Turnbull, B.Sc., in 
the New School of Medicine, Bristo Street, as qualifying women 
students for Graduation in Arts in terms of Ordinance No. 18, iii. (2.) 

The Business and Law Committee reported that they had instituted 
the Lectureship in Civil and Criminal Procedure and the Law of 
Evidence in Scotland, as from 15th October next, on the basis of the 
constitution approved of by the three legal bodies who had generously 
contributed to the endowment of the lectureship—viz., the Faculty of 
Advocates, the Society of Writers to H.M. Signet, and the Society of 
Solicitors before the Supreme Courts. 

The Court resolved that Bachelors of Science who, having graduated 
as such under the old regulations, had paid a fee of £10, 10s., should 
only be required to pay a fee of £5, 5s. for their D.Sc. Degree, 
although they must satisfy otherwise the conditions imposed by the new 
regulations before taking their D.Sc. Degree. 

The Finance Committee reported that they had passed various 
accounts, &c., for payment. 

The Court approved, with slight modification, of the amendments 
proposed by the Draft Ordinances Committee on Draft Ordinance 
(General No. 34, Regulations with regard to Matriculated Students. ) 

The Court granted permission to the Incorporated Society of Musi- 
cians to hold their annual conference during the Christmas vacation in 
the Music Class- Room. 


MonpDay, I5TIt JULY 1895.—A letter was read from Professor David 
Masson, expressing to the Court his very grateful sense of the honour 
done him by their resolution in connection with his retirement, and of 
the kind cordiality of the terms in which that resolution had been com- 
municated to him. 

It was intimated that copies had been received of Orders in Council, 
approving of Ordinances No. 59 (General No. 21—Supplementary to 
Ordinance No. 9; General No. 4—General Council) ; No. 60 (General 
No. 22—Regulations for the Students’ Representative Council) ; No. 
61 (General No. 23—Regulations for the Encouragement of Special 
Study and Research, ἅς.) ; No. 62 (General No, 24—Regulations for 
Higher Degrees in Arts and Science) ; No. 63 (General No, 25—Regu- 
lations for the Degree of Bachelor of Divinity) ; No. 64 (General No. 
26—Regulations as to Custody and Management of Libraries) ; No. 65 
(General No. 27—Regulations as to Lecturers, supplementary to 
Ordinance No. 17); No 66 (General No. 28—Regulation as _ to 
Examiners. ) 

A letter was read from the Secretary, Scottish Universities Commis- 
sion, informing the Court that the Finance Act, 1895, including the 
provision for the repeal of the stamp duty on the M.D, Degree, is now 
law. 

A letter was read from Major Sprot thanking the Court for the lette 


Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 13 


of sympathy which they had sent him on the occasion of the death of 
his uncle, Dr Hugh Cleghorn, F.R.S.E. 

The University Assistants in several of the Departments were 
appointed for the academical year 1895-6. 

The Court appointed the following gentlemen to be University 
Lecturers for the academical year 1895-6 in the subjects specified, viz., 
Mr A. D. Thomson, M.A. (Greek); Mr R. P. Hardie, M.A. (Ancient 
Philosophy); Mr C. M. Douglas, D.Sc. (Psychology); Mr Charles 
Tweedie, M.A. (Mathematics) ; Mr William Peddie, D.Sc. (Natural 
Philosophy); Mr John Beard, D.Sc. (Embryology); Mr Leonard 
Dobbin, Ph.D, (Chemical Theory); Mr H. Marshall, D.Sc. (Minera- 
logy and Crystallography); Mr J. S. Flett, B.Sc. (Petrology) ; Mr W. 
H. Kerr, M.A. (Geometrical and Mechanical Drawing); Dr Joseph 
Tillie (Experimental Pharmacology); Dr Robert Muir (Pathological 
Bacteriology); Dr E. W. Carlier (Experimental Physiology); Dr 
David Hepburn (Regional Anatomy); Dr A. P. Aitken (Agricultural 
Chemistry) ; Dr W. G. Smith (Plant Physiology. ) 

The Court appointed Mr J. J. Cook, LL. B., advocate, to be Lecturer 
in Civil and Criminal Procedure for a period of five years from 15th 
October next. 

The Court elected Mr James C. Smith, M.A. (Additional Examiner in 
Classics) ; Mr D. B. Mair, M.A. (Additional Examiner in Mathematics); 
Mr Otto Schlapp (Lecturer in German), to represent the University on 
the Joint Board of Examiners for the year from Ist February 1896. 

The following Additional Examiners were appointed :—Mr A. S. 
Murray, Head of the Department of Antiquities, British Museum 
(Classical Archeeology) ; Professor Middleton (Archzeology and History 
of Art); Mr W. E. Plummer, M.A., Director of the Liverpool Obser- 
vatory (Astronomy); Mr John Horne, of H.M. Geological Survey 
(Geology) ; Mr John Downie, M.A. (History); Dr Maurice Paterson 
(Schoolmaster’s Diploma). 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, the Court recognised Dr 1), 
Campbell Black, Anderson’s College Medical School, Glasgow, as a 
teacher whose course of instruction in Physiology qualifies for Gradua- 
tion in Medicine. 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, the Court recognised Dundee 
University College as an Institution the Courses of Instruction in which 
qualify for Graduation in Science. 

The Court adopted the recommendations of the Finance Committee 
as to payment of accounts, &c., and the recommendations of the Works 
Committee as to improvements. 


Monpay, 21ST OcTOBER 1895.—The Minutes of last meeting were 
submitted and approved. 

It was intimated that copies of Orders in Council had been received 
approving of Ordinances Nos. 118 to 129 (Edinburgh, Nos. 11 to 22), 
Bursary Foundations, ἄς, ; and that Ordinance No, 147 (General, Na. 


744 Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 


32—KRegulations with regard to Matriculated Students) had been laid 
before Parliament. 

The Commissioners’ Draft Ordinance (General, No. 35—KRegulations 
for Degrees in Arts, supplementary to Ordinances Nos, 11 and 44) was 
remitted to the Draft Ordinances Committee. 

It was intimated that Sheriff Mackay’s term of office as Chancellor’s 
Assessor expires on 14th November next, and that he had been re- 
appointed by the Chancellor. 

The Secretary was instructed to advertise in due course the Addi- 
tional Examinerships which fall vacant on 31st December next in (1) 
Scots Law, Conveyancing, and Medical Jurisprudence ; and (2) Clinical 
Surgery. The Members of the Standing Committees of the Court were 
reappointed for the current academical year. 

The Court’s Representatives on the Library and Museum Committees 
were reappointed for the same period, 

Professor Saintsbury was appointed Examiner in English on the Joint 
Board of Examiners for the year from Ist February next. 

Dr Rost was appointed Additional Examiner in Sanscrit ; and Mr J. 
R. N. Macphail, M.A., LL.B., advocate, was appointed Additional 
Examiner in Political Economy for the current academical year. 

The following gentlemen were appointed University Lecturers :— 
Mr G. Gregory Smith, M.A. (English) ; and Mr F. R. Jamieson, M.A. 
(Latin). 

The Rey. Alexander Horn, B.D., was appointed University Assistant 
in Divinity, in room of the Rev. Dr Hastie, resigned. On the resignation 
of Dr Gustav Mann, Mr J. Purves Stewart, M.B., was appointed an 
Assistant in Physiology. Dr Dowden was appointed Tutor in Clinical 
Surgery, in room of Dr Logan Turner resigned. A Committee ap- 
pointed, with powers, reported that they had renewed the recognition 
of the Edinburgh School of Medicine for Women and the Edinburgh Col- 
lege of Medicine for Women for another year on the original conditions. 

The Court agreed that the Pathological Gallery of the Anatomical 
Museum should be open on one day in the week for the use of women 
students in medicine. 

The Court agreed, in terms of Ordinance 18, ii., to admit women 
students to the advanced courses in Botany and Natural History for 
purposes of graduation in Science, and further resolved to admit women 
students of medicine to the class of Physics for purposes of graduation 
in Medicine. 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, the Court recognised Pro- 
fessor Selby, University College, Cardiff, as a teacher whose course of 
instruction in Physics qualifies for Graduation in Medicine, and Mr E. 
S. Fry, M.B., Edinburgh, as a teacher of Practical Materia Medica. 
The Court recognised the following Science Courses in the Heriot-Watt 
College :—Mechanics and Physics, as equivalent to one course in 
Natural Philosophy, qualifying for the first B.Sc. examination in Pure 
Science ; Advanced Chemistry and Chemical Laboratory as qualifying 


Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 745 


for the the final B.Sc. examination ; Electricity (Pure and Applied). 
Engineering Laboratory Practice (Mechanical or Electrical), as quali- 
fying for the Degree of B.Sc. in Engineering. 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, the Court approved of the 
delivery by Professor Saintsbury of two honours half-courses in English 
during the second half of the winter session—(1) on the Theory of Verse 
and Prose in English ; (2) the Arthurian Legend. Either of these half- 
courses may be combined with some other half-course in the same depart- 
ment so as to form a full course for honours. The fee for each half- 
course was fixed at £2, 2s. 

The Court approved of a recommendation of the Senatus that the 
term of residence and practical work at a farm required by Section IV. 
(3) of Ordinance No. 22, Degrees in Agriculture, should be not less 
than twelve months, and at a farm of a suitable character. 

The Senatus intimated that Professors Saintsbury and Hardie had 
been inducted on 15th inst. 

The Finance Committee reported accounts passed for payment. 

On the recommendation of the Works Committee, the Court approved 
of certain alterations and improvements in the class-rooms, &c. 

Various questions recommended by the Committee on the Medical 
Education of Women were approved. 

The Court resolved to recognise the University of Sydney as a 
medical school, the medical classes in which qualify for Graduation in 
Medicine in this University both by men and by women, in terms of 
Ordinances 16, viii. (2), and 18, iii. (4). 


Monbay, 18TH NOVEMBER 1895.—The Minutes of last meeting 
were submitted and approved. 

A letter was read from Sir Colin Scott Moncrieff, Under Secretary 
for Scotland, inquiring if the University would accept copies of the 
French Government’s publications of their ‘‘ Mission Archéologique 
Frangaise du Caire.” The Court accepted the proposed gift, with 
thanks to the donor. 

It was intimated that Dr Heron Watson had been re-elected, and 
that Dr Joseph Bell had been elected by the General Council as 
Assessors in the University Court. 

Dr Joseph Bell was appointed a member of the Works and Draft 
Ordinances Committees. 

Mr T. G. Dickson, C.A., was appointed to audit the Court’s Report 
on the State of the Finances for 1894-05. 

Mr D. A. Welsh, M.B., was appointed Clinical Medicine Tutor in 
room of Dr Tillie, resigned. 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, the 5s. entrance fee in lieu 
of matriculation was made applicable to Dr Sarolea’s advanced course 
of fifty lectures on Italian language and literature, &c., subject to the 
provisions of Ordinance 50, ii. 

The Finance Committee’s Report on Lectureships, Assistants and 


746 Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 


Class Expenses, for the current academical year, was submitted and 
approved as adjusted. Various accounts, awards by Senatus of 
Bursaries, &c., were submitted by the Finance Committee, and 
passed for payment. 

The recommendations of the Works Committee as to alterations, 
repairs, &c., in several departments were approved. It was agreed 
that the 5s. entrance fee in lieu of matriculation should be made 
applicable to the non-qualifying courses conducted by the Professor 
of Celtic, subject to the provisions of Ordinance 50, ii. 

The class returns for 1894-95 were submitted, and remitted to a 
committee for examination and report. 


MONDAY, 16TH DECEMBER 1895.—The Minutes of last meeting 
were submitted and approved. 

Subject to some slight alteration, the Court approved of the regula- 
tions under which the Students’ Representative Council now exists ; 
the regulations thus approved becoming, in accordance with Ordinance 
No. 60, the constitution of the Council. 

A letter from Dr Argyll Robertson was read, intimating his resigna- 
tion of the Lectureship on Diseases of the Eye, an office which he had 
held during the last thirteen years. 

Dr Joseph Bell was appointed a member of the Electing Body of the 
Steven Lectureship in Agriculture. 

It was intimated that the Senatus had re-elected Professor Crum 
Brown as an Assessor in the University Court for four years from 
30th ult. 

Leave of absence, from the Christmas recess until the termination of 
the current session, was granted to the Professor of Clinical Surgery on 
account of the state of his health. The Court further approved of the 
recommendation of the Senatus that the Professor’s duties should, during 
his absence, be discharged by Dr John Duncan. 

The Court approved of the recommendation of the Senatus that Pro- 
fessor Prothero’s Honours Course on ‘‘ England and Europe, 1815-78,” 
should be considered as one of the Honours Courses in connection with 
Honours in English. 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, the Court approved of a pro- 
posed course of fifty lectures on Fermentation by A, Forbes Watson, 
B.Sc. The Court fixed the fee for the course at £2, 2s., and agreed 
that the 55. entrance fee in lieu of matriculation should apply to it. 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, and in order to meet the 
changes effected in the curriculum by the new ordinances, it was agreed 
to substitute the following regulations for those at present in force re- 
garding the Vans Dunlop Scholarships in Medicine :—1. For students 
of the first year, a scholarship shall be offered for competition in the 
subjects of Chemistry, Physics, and Elementary Anatomy (with defini- 
tion of the last subject), and one in the subjects of Botany and 
Zoology, to be competed for in July. 2. For students of the second 


Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 747 


year, a scholarship in the subjects of Physiology (comprising the sub- 
jects as required for the second professional examination) and Surgery, 
the examination to be held in March. 3. For students of the third 
year, a scholarship on the subjects of Advanced Anatomy and Physi- 
ology, to be competed for in October, and a scholarship in Materia 
Medica (including Pharmacology), to be competed for in October. In 
the case of these two scholarships the examinations are to include 
practical tests in Dissecting, in Experimental Physiology, and in Ex- 
perimental Pharmacology. In the case of each of the above scholar- 
ships special papers will be set for the written examinations. The general 
conditions of tenure of these scholarships will remain as at present. 

It was also agreed that the Grierson Bursary in medicine, at present 
awarded on the results of a conjoint examination in Pathology and 
Materia Medica, shall in future be divided into two Bursaries, one of 
which shall be offered for competition to students of the third year on 
an examination in Materia Medica alone, and the other to students of 
the fourth year on an examination in Pathology alone. 

The Court approved of a recommendation of the Senatus that re- 
mitted Candidates in the Faculty of Medicine who are required to 
reattend classes, and have taken any of these classes with extra- 
academical teachers, shall not again be admitted to examination unless 
the fees paid for further attendance have been, in the case of extra- 
academical classes in Edinburgh, the same as those charged for the 
corresponding classes within the University. 

Applications by Mr J. R. Whitaker, M.B., Lecturer on Anatomy, 
and Dr F. W. N. Haultain, Lecturer on Midwifery, for continuance of 
recognition on change of teaching premises were granted. The applica- 
tion of Mr R. Barclay Ness, M.A., M.B., Anderson’s College Medical 
School, Glasgow, for recognition as a teacher of Materia Medica and 
Practical Materia Medica was granted. 

On the recommendation of the Senatus, the following request of the 
University of New Zealand was granted :—That graduates in Arts or 
Science of that University be exempted from examinations in Botany, 
Zoology, Physics, and Chemistry, required from candidates for Degrees 
in Medicine, provided that they have passed in these subjects as part of 
their Arts or Science course. 

The report of the Finance Committee on the University accounts for 
the financial year from September 1, 1894, to August 31, 1895, with 
estimate of revenue and expenditure for 1895-96, was submitted and 
approved. An amendment suggested by the Draft Ordinances Com- 
mittee on the Commissioners’ Draft Ordinance (General No. 35—Regu- 
lations for Degrees in Arts, supplementary to Ordinances Nos. 11 and 
44) was approved. 

Mr F. P. Walton, LL.B., was appointed Additional Examiner 
in French and German for a period of four years from Ist January 
next. 


It was intimated that 4150, 13s. 1od. had been received from the 


748 Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 


Royal Scottish Arboricultural Society, being a further payment on 
account of subscriptions and interest thereon collected by the Society 
towards the endowment of Forestry in the University. 

Various accounts, fees to examiners, awards by Senatus of bursaries, 
&c., were submitted and passed for payment. 


MONDAY, 13TH JANUARY 1896.—The Minutes of last meeting were 
submitted and approved. 

The Court approved of a Minute expressive of their high appreciation 
of the manner in which Dr Argyll Robertson had performed the duties 
of the Lectureship on Diseases of the Eye during his tenure of office, 
resignation of which had been intimated at last meeting. 

The Court appointed Mr George Berry, M.B., F.R.C.S., Ed., &c., 
Senior Ordinary Ophthalmic Surgeon in the Royal ‘Infirmary, to the 
University Lectureship in Ophthalmology, vacant by the resignation of 
Dr Argyll Robertson. 

The following Additional Examiners were appointed :—D. A. Steven- 
son, B.Sc., M.Inst.C.E. (Engineering); W. Owen Williams, 
F.R.C.V.S. (Veterinary Hygiene); Dr James O. Affleck (Medicine in 
its Bearings on Public Health); Sir A, C. Mackenzie, Mus. Doc. 
(Music). 

It was intimated that £190 had been received from the Highland and 
Agricultural Society, being the amount of contributions collected by the 
Society towards the Endowment of Forestry in the University. 

The Court’s Reports on Statistics and on the State of the Finances of 
the University for 1894-95, under section 30 of ‘‘ The Universities 
(Scotland) Act, 1889,” were approved, and directed to be forwarded to 
the Secretary for Scotland. 

The Court approved of the report of the Finance Committee on the 
remuneration of Additional Examiners in Arts and Science. 

It was agreed that the fee payable by Candidates who select science 
subjects (Mathematics and Natural Philosophy not included) for Gradua- 
tion in Arts shall be £1, 15. for each of these subjects. 

The Finance Committee’s report as to fees exigible in respect of 
second, third, and subsequent attendances on the classes of the several 
Faculties was submitted and approved. 

Awards of bursaries, &c., and accounts, which had been passed for 
payment, were reported. 

Various reports submitted by the Works Committee were approved. 


17TH FEBRUARY 1896.—The Minutes of last meeting were submitted 
and approved. 

It was intimated that the Court’s Reports on Statistics and on the 
State of the Finances of the University for 1894-95, under Section 30 of 
the Universities (Scotland) Act, 1889, had been forwarded to the Secre- 
tary for Scotland, and that receipt had been acknowledged. 

The Right Hon, the Lord Justice-General was appointed a Curator 


Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 749 


of Patronage for the statutory period in room of the Right Hon. the 
Lord Justice-Clerk, whose term of office expires on 26th current. 

The following Additional Examiners were appointed :—(1) Mr Claude 
Phillips, London (Archeology and Art), and (2) Rey. Dr Masson, 
Edinburgh (Celtic), each for a period of four years as from Ist October 
last ; (3) Mr Arthur A. Macdonell, M.A., Deputy Professor of Sanscrit, 
Oxford (Sanscrit), in room of the late Dr Rost, for the remainder of the 
current academical year; (4) Dr William Somerville, Durham College 
of Science, Newcastle-on-Tyne (Forestry), for four years from Ist 
January last; (5) Mr A. T. Glegg, LL.B., advocate, Edinburgh, for 
three years from Ist January last ; (6) Dr John Duncan, and (7) Mr J. 
M. Cotterill, M.B., C.M. (Clinical Surgery), for a period not exceeding 
four years from Ist January last ; and (8) Dr Frederick Page, New- 
castle-on-Tyne (Clinical Surgery), for four years from Ist January 
last. 

The Court approved of the following recommendations of the 
Senatus :—(1) That the course of Political Economy be divided into 
two half-courses, qualifying for Graduation in Law, the fee for each half- 
course to be £2, 2s.; (2) that a full Honours Course of fifty lectures on 
the English Language should be delivered by the Lecturer on English 
during the winter session, in place of the two Honours Half-Courses on 
English Literature and Language respectively, hitherto given in the 
winter session, the course to consist of two parts dealing respectively 
with the history of old and middle English (and English Palzography), 
and with old and middle English texts, fee £3, 3s.; (3) that a course 
of twenty lectures on German literature (being part of the ordinary 
course in German), to be delivered once a week, may be attended 
separately —the Court fixed the fee at £1, Is., and agreed that the 5s. 
entrance fee should apply ; (4) that the Course of Geology in summer 
be recognised as a half-course for Graduation in Arts; (5) that the first 
half of the winter laboratory course in Mineralogy and Geology be 
recognised as qualifying for Graduation in Arts, fee £2, 2s.; (6) that a 
half-course in Elementary Dynamics be delivered by the Lecturer on 
Applied Mathematics during the summer session, in place of the Course 
on Theory of Electricity and Magnetism, hitherto given in the summer 
session, fee £2, 2s. 

The Court agreed to recognise the University of New Zealand, whose 
Science Courses shall qualify for Graduation in Science under Ordi- 
nance No, 12, section iv. 

The Court agreed to recognise the degree of B.A. of Michigan 
University, U.S.A., as qualifying for admission to courses of study for 
Degrees in Law in this University. 

A report by the Committee on Applications relating to graduation of 
women in medicine was submitted and approved. 

The Finance Committee reported that the accounts and awards of 
bursaries, Xc., had been passed for payment, 


750 Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 


16TH MARCH 1896.—The Minutes of last meeting were submitted 
and approved. 

It was reported that Ordinance No. 148 (General No. 33—Regula- 
tions for Degrees in Arts, supplementary to Ordinances 11 and 44) had 
been laid before Parliament on 28th ult. Draft Ordinance (General 
No. 36—Regulations as to Resignation of Professors and Lecturers) was 
referred to the Draft Ordinances Committee. 

The Court approved of the report of the Committee appointed to 
investigate the conditions of Bursaries, Scholarships, and Fellowships 
founded prior to August 1864, in connection with the question of their 
being opened to women students, which was to the following effect :—(1) 
That the number of Foundations that come under the power of the 
Court and the number of Bursaries already appropriated to women 
students being taken into account, it is not desirable to open to com- 
petition, without restriction as to sex, any of the open Bursaries which 
have taken effect prior to 30th August 1864, with the exception of the 
Macpherson Bursaries, now conjoined in one Scholarship; and (2) 
that all Scholarships or Fellowships founded prior to 30th August 1864, 
and within the power of the Court, shall be open to competition 
without restriction as to sex. 

It was reported that Dr William Fream had been re-elected Steven 
Lecturer in Agriculture for three years as from 29th November next. 

The Court appointed Mr 5. Henbest Capper, M.A., A.R.I.B.A., 
Edinburgh, Additional Examiner in Archeology and Art, and Miss E. 
A. Ormerod, F.E.S., Additional Exaininer in Agricultural Entomology, 
both for the current academical year. The Court appointed Mr A. H. 
Smith, M.A., London, to act as substitute for the Additional Examiner 
in Classical Archzeology during his absence for the ensuing examinations. 

The Business and Law Committee reported that, having considered 
the question of the eligibility of women students for Prizes founded prior 
to 30th August 1864, they were of opinion that such Prizes do not fall 
under the Ordinance (No. 58) admitting women te Bursaries, &c. The 
Court approved. The Court approved of the report of the same Com- 
mittee that the question as to the right of Patrons to present, either 
separately or conjointly with the University Court, women to Bursaries 
founded prior to 30th August 1864, seems to be determined against 
such right by Ordinance No. 58, Section ii., taken in connection with 
Ordinance No. 57, Sections xv. to xviii. 

It was intimated that a bequest of 42000 by the late Mrs E. Crozier 
or Nichol, of 12 Findhorn Place, Edinburgh, had been made to the 
University to found an assistantship in connection with the Chair of 
Natural Philosophy. 

The Court, after consultation with the Senatus, fixed Saturday, 7th 
November next, as the date for the ensuing Rectorial Election. 

The Court approved of the arrangements made for conducting the 
Class of Mental Diseases during the absence of the Lecturer for part of 
next summer session. 


Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 751 


It was agreed that the 5s. entrance fee shall be applicable to the 
Course on Private International Law, in accordance with Ordinance 
No. 50, ii. : 

Mr Franklin Peterson, Mus. Bac. (Oxon.), Edinburgh, was appointed 
Additional Examiner for the Bucher Scholarship in Music. 

The recognition of Mr Alexander Johnstone, Edinburgh, as an extra- 
academical teacher in Botany was continued on change of teaching 
premises. 

The draft regulations for the administration of the University Field 
submitted by the Field Committee were approved, subject to one or 
two slight alterations. The Court appointed the Hon. Lord Stormonth 
Darling and Professor Butcher to be Members of the University Field 
Committee as constituted under the regulations approved as above, 

It was agreed that each of the two divisions of the Honours Course 
of fifty lectures on the English Language to be given by the University 
Lecturer during session 1896-7 may be taken separately, the fee for 
each of these half courses to be £2, 2s. 

The reports submitted by the Finance and the Works Committee 
were approved. 


MONDAY, 13TH APRIL 1896.—The Minutes of last meeting were 
submitted and approved. 

Intimation having been made of a grant to the University of £20,000 
out of the bequest left by the late Earl of Moray for the benefit of cer- 
tain institutions, as a fund for the promotion of Original Research in 
the University of Edinburgh, to be called ‘‘ The Earl of Moray’s 
Endowment,” the Court resolved to record their deep sense of the 
munificence of the gift, and their cordial approval of the purpose 
towards which it is to be applied. 

Having considered the requirements for the Degrees of Bachelor of 
Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery under the new Ordinances, together 
with the report of the Faculty of Medicine as approved by the Senatus, 
and the report of a Committee of the Court thereon, the Court resolved 
as follows :— 

(a) Every Candidate for these Degrees shall be required to attend, 
in addition to present requirements :— 

κα, A course of instruction in Mental Diseases, given by the 
University Lecturer or by a recognised teacher, consisting of not less 
than six class-room meetings for lectures and demonstrations, and ten 
meetings in the wards of a recognised asylum for the insane. 

“2, Post-mortem examinations in a recognised hospital for a period 
of at least three months, during which practical instruction is given 
in the methods of making fost-mortem examinations, and in framing 
reports, 

“<3, A course of clinical instruction in Infective Fevers, given at not 
less than twelve meetings in the wards of a recognised hospital where 
clinical instruction is given on cases of infectious diseases. 


752 Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 


**4. Instruction in Diseases of the Eye, given by the University 
Lecturer or by a recognised teacher, at not less than twelve class-room 
meetings and twelve meetings for clinical instruction in the wards of 
a recognised hospital, or in the wards of a hospital, and in a dispensary 
both recognised for the purpose. The course to include efficient practical 
instruction in the methods of examining the eye. 

““5. A course of Operative Surgery, conducted by the Professor of 
Surgery in the University, or by a recognised teacher. 

“ (6) Every Candidate shall also be required to attend any one of the 
two following courses :— 

“ας Clinical instruction in Children’s Diseases, given by the University 
Lecturers on this subject, or by a recognised teacher or teachers in a 
hospital recognised for the purpose, at not less than four lectures and 
ten meetings for clinical instruction in the wards, together with four 
meetings in the out-patient department of the hospital, with attend- 
ance at post-mortem examinations. 

**2. Instruction in Diseases of the Larynx, Ear, and Nose, given by 
a University Lecturer, or by a recognised teacher, at not less than six 
class-room meetings, and twelve meetings for clinical instruction in the 
wards of a recognised hospital, or in the wards of a hospital and in a 
dispensary, both recognised for the purpose.” 

In connection with the above requirements, the Court resolved that 
no fee be charged for attendance on the fost-mortem examinations and 
the clinical instruction in fevers; that the fee for Operative Surgery 
remain at £3, 3s., and for the course of instruction on Children’s 
Diseases at £2, 2s.; and that the fee for instruction in Mental Diseases 
and Diseases of the Eye be £2, 2s. for each class. 

Subject to an amendment, the suggestions of the Faculty of Medicine, 
approved by the Senatus, relative to the examinations in Clinical 
Medicine and Clinical Surgery for the Degrees of Doctor of Medicine 
and Master of Surgery were approved. 

The fee for reappearance at examinations for the Degrees of D. Litt., 
D.Phil. and D.Sc. was fixed at £5, 5s. 

The amendments suggested by the Draft Ordinances Committee on 
the Commissioners’ Draft Ordinances (General No. 36—Regulations 
as to Resignation of Professors and Lecturers), and (General No. 37 
—Regulations as to Examinations, supplementary to Ordinances Nos. 
13 and 43) were approved. No amendments were proposed on Draft 
Ordinances (General No. 38—Regulations as to Fees, supplementary 
to Ordinance No. 50), and (General No. 39—Regulations for the 
Degree of Bachelor of Divinity, supplementary to Ordinance No 63). 

On a report by a Committee of the Court appointed to consider the 
question of mixed classes in connection with the medical education of 
women, it was agreed, when considering applications by Medical 
Schools or Teachers for recognition in respect of the medical education 
of women, to require that the classes shall not be mixed classes, except 
on special cause shown, 


Abstract of Proceedings of University Court. 753 


It was agreed to forward to the Universities Commissioners the fol- 
lowing proposed amendment of the regulations for the preliminary 
examination in Science, with a view to its being given effect to in 
a supplementary Ordinance :—That Candidates for a Degree in Pure 
Science, Agriculture, or Pubiic Health may, as an alternative for 
Mathematics on the higher standard, offer Mathematics on the lower stand- 
ard as defined in the Ordinance for Degrees in Arts (No. 11), provided 
that, in addition to the ancient or modern language already taken, they 
offer, as a fifth subject, a modern language on the standard prescribed 
for the preliminary examination in Medicine (Ordinance No. 16). 

The regulations for the Macpherson Scholarship recommended by the 
Senatus were adopted. 

A letter was read from Miss E. A. Ormerod, F.E.S., Additional 
Examiner in Agricultural Entomology, offering, for the acceptance 
of the University, a collection of Economic Entomology, prepared 
by herself and her sister. The Court gladly accepted this yaluable gift, 
and desired to record their thanks to the donors. 


754 


Appendee. 


0.------ 


I. Crvit SERVICE OF INDIA EXAMINATIONS.—The University of 
Edinburgh now being one of those Institutions selected by the Secre- 
tary of State for India, in which Candidates for the Civil Service of 
India may pass their probation, arrangements have been made by the 
Senatus for the accommodation of selected Candidates. Such selected 
Candidates will be under the supervision of the Principal and Deans’ 
Committee. 

Persons desirous to be admitted as Candidates may obtain all neces- 
sary information from ‘‘The Secretary, Civil Service Commission, 
London, S.W.,”’ who will supply forms of application. 

Candidates may be exempted from the Preliminary Examination in 
all subjects except geometrical drawing, if they can produce a Certificate 
of having passed the Preliminary Examination in general education 
required of Candidates for Graduation in Medicine at the University of 
Edinburgh, when the Candidate has passed in all the subjects of the 
Army Preliminary Examination at not more than two Examinations. 


II. EXAMINATIONS FOR CANDIDATES FOR THE ARMY.—In the 
Explanatory Memorandum of the Secretary for War, to accompany 
the Royal Warrant (of 30th October 1871) regulating first appoint- 
ments, regimental promotion, &c., in the Army, it was announced that 
“A certain number of Sub-Lieutenancies a year will be allotted to 
Candidates who have passed the University Examination specified in the 
Regulations. If they also pass the Examination for the degree of B.A., 
they will be allowed two years’ extension of the limit of age. University 
Candidates will be requiredto give at least six months’ notice of their 
desire to be admitted into the Army. If in any year there should be 
more Candidates than appointments, the requisite number will be chosen 
by competition between the Candidates ; after their appointment they 
will go through the same course as other Sub-Lieutenants.” 

In subsequent communications from the War Office it has been an- 
nounced that ‘‘ The Examination for M.A. at a Scottish University will 
be considered tantamount to passing that of B.A. at an English or Irish 
University ;” and that ‘‘ the Secretary of State for War has accepted an 
examination at the Scottish Universities, to be defined as ‘The Ex- 
amination for Candidates for the Army,’ as equivalent to the examination 
at the English and Irish Universities for similar candidates, and that 
the age of such candidates may be extended to 21 years. This Examin- 
ation will consist of one subject out of each of the three separate Depart- 
ments marked (a) (4) (c) below.” 

In conformity with the above Regulations of the War Office—tst, All 


Appendix. 755 


who have passed the Examination for the degree of M.A. will be eligible 
for Commissions in the Army, and will be allowed two years’ extension 
of the ordinary limit of age. 2nd, Those Students who have not passed 
the M.A. Examination may receive Certificates qualifying them for 
Commissions in the Army (provided they be not more than 21 years of 
age) on having attended one class in each of the three Departments 
(a) (6) (c)—that is to say (a) either one Greek or one Latin class ; 
(4) either Logic, Moral Philosophy, or Rhetoric and English Literature ; 
(c) either Mathematics or Natural Philosophy,—and on passing the 
M.A. Examination, in either April or October, in those three subjects 
in which the Candidate has attended classes.! Candidates for the 
Certificate are not required to pass the Preliminary Examination, but 
unless the Candidate has passed the Preliminary Examination, the 
Certificate will not qualify for Graduation in Arts. 

The names of intending Candidates for Certificates must be given in 
and Fees paid at the A/atricudation Office at the same time as those of 
Candidates for the M.A. Examinations. 

The Fee for the Examination is two guineas. 


III. SupyEcts OF EXAMINATION FOR STUDENTS OF DIVINITY AND 
CANDIDATES FOR LICENSE BY PRESBYTERY OF EDINBURGH. 


Examination mainly in writing. An average of not less than 50 per 
cent. over all the subjects is necessary, Examinations held in the 
Examination Hall of the University. 

1. For Students entering the Divinity Hall,—(1) Biblical Knowledge. 
—Genesis to 2 Samuel, and the Four Gospels; (2) The Shorter 
Catechism. 

2. For Students entering on thetr Second Year,—(1) Latin.—Augus- 
tine—Enchiridion ; (2) Greek.—The Epistle to the Colossians as in 
Lightfoot ; (3) Hebrew.—Davidson’s Grammar, I-31; Genesis, 1.-ix ; 
(4) Divinity. — Confession of Faith, 1-15; Flint’s Theism; Row’s 
Manual of Christian Evidences ; (5) Biblical Knowledge.—1 Kings 
to Nehemiah, and Acts of the Apostles ; (6) Church History.—History 
of the Church to 325 A.D. 

3. For Students entering on their Third Year.—(1) Latin.—Anselm 
—Cur Deus Homo ; (2) Greek.—St John’s Gospel to be read critically, 
with discussions as to date and authorship ; (3) Hebrew.—Davidson’s 
Grammar, 32-49; Psalmsi.-xv.; (4) Divinity. —Confession of Faith, 
16-33; The Trinity; The Person of Christ ; (5) Biblical Knowledge. 
—The Psalms and Isaiah; (6) Church History.— The Reformation 
Period, with special reference to Scotland. 

4. For Candidates for License.—Scriptures of the Old and New 
Testaments, and History and Doctrine of the recognised Standards of 
the Church of Scotland. 


J. LANGWILL, Cl. Presb. Edin, 


1 See Regulations for Degree of M.A. 


756 Appendix. 


NV.B.—By Act of Assembly XX., 1889, all Students of Theology 
who have completed the prescribed course of Theological instruction 
shall, before applying to any Presbytery to be taken on trials for licence, 
be examined by the Synodical Committees already existing for examin- 
ation of Students entering the Divinity Hall. The Convener of the 
Edinburgh Synodical Committee is the Rev. Dr Alison, who will give 
the necessary information, 


IV. THE EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY UNION.—President—Dr J. G. 
C. Scott. Hon, Secretary —H. O. Hobson. Treasurer —W. A. 
Wood, C.A., 45 Queen Street. Committee of Management.—Senatus 
—Professors Butcher and Annandale. General Counci/—Dr J. Mus- 
grove, Dr J. G. Cattanach, Dr Caird, Dr Aarons.  Students—E. 
Bramwell, G. L. Chiene, C. Elmes, P. B. Wall, R. Ὁ. Melville, W. 
E. Gibbons. 

The Union is open to all Students and Graduates of the University, 
and its purpose is ‘‘the provision and maintenance of means of social 
and academic intercourse for its members.” The Building, which 
includes a large hall (in which the debates are held), luncheon, smoking, 
reading-rooms, and billiard-room, is situated in Park Street, near both 
the old and the new buildings. The reading-room is amply supplied 
with newspapers, and with the weekly, monthly, and quarterly periodi- 
cals; the billiard-room is furnished with two billiard tables, and the 
library contains University, Class, Text, and Reference Books. 

Terms of Membershtp.—By payment of an entry-money of 5s. and 
an Annual Subscription of tos. 6d. if a Matriculated Student, or £1, Is. 
ifa Graduate, University Assistant, or Lecturer. 


Affiliated Societies—The Edinburgh University Union Dramatic 
Society ; University of Edinburgh Union Literary Society; E. U. 
Union English Public Schools Club. 

The following University Societies and Associations, though not 
affiliated with the Union, have been granted certain privileges for the 
transaction of Business in the Union:—Students’ Representative 
Council, Athletic Club, Conservative Association, Liberal Association, 
Chemical Society, Musical Society, and Darwinian Society. 

Full particulars as to affiliation, &c., on application at the Union. 


V. STATISTICS OF THE RECTORIAL ELECTIONS, 1859-1893. 


1859.— Gladstone, 642.—Neaves, 527. Matriculated students, 1302. 
1862.—Gladstone (unopposed). Matriculated students, 1331. 
1865.—Carlyle, 657.—Disraeli, 310. Matriculated students, 1288. 
1868.—Moncreiff, 607.—Ruskin, 425. Matriculated students, 1398. 
1871.—Maxwell, 594.—R. Palmer, 502. Matriculated students, 1533. 
1874.—Derby, 770.—Playfair, 583. Matriculated students, 1767. 
1877.—Hartington, 932.—Cross, 684. Matriculated students, 2102. 


Appendix. 757 


1880.— Rosebery, 1024.—Christison, 985. Matriculated students, 2496. 
1883.—WNorthcote—Blackie— Trevelyan. Matriculated students, 2660. 
1886. Playfair, 747. Matriculated students, 2680. 
1887.—Lothian (unopposed). Matriculated students, 2493. 
1890.—Goschen, 1378.—Russell, 805. Matriculated students, 3038. 
1893.—odvertson, 1145.—Aeay, 728. Matriculated students, 2649. 


VI. ΟΥΑΙ, MEpIcaL Society, EDINBURGH, 7 Melbourne Place. 
FOUNDED 1737. ROYAL CHARTER GRANTED 1778. Prestdents—J. 
ΕΣ Bowes, M.B., C.M.; ie Macrae Taylor, M.B., C.M.; Kenneth 
MacLean, M.B., C.M.; H. J. F. Simson, M.B., C.M. Secretaries — 
J. Brunton Blaikie ; Scott Carmichael, M.B., C.M. Treasurer—J. 
R. Young, Esq. Swb-Libvartan—aA. P. Ormiston. 

The Society meets in its hall every Friday evening during the 
Winter at 9 o’clock. At these meetings dissertations on medical 
subjects are read and debated, and communications by members on 
subjects of interest discussed. The Society possesses a very fine library, 
containing about 30,000 volumes, which is constantly being added to. 
There are comfortable writing and reading-rooms with all the medical 
journals and periodicals, books of reference and text-books specially 
useful to students reading for examinations. The museum contains a 
complete collection of Materia Medica specimens, microscopic sections, 
pathological preparations, herbarium, and a surgical model, on which 
bandaging, setting of fractures, &c., may be practised. 


VII. INTERNATIONAL-ACADEMIC COMMITTEE. The Principal and 
Deans’ Committee of the Senatus and the International Academic 
Committee of the Students’ Representative Council are prepared to 
give all the assistance and information in their power to Foreigners 
desirous of studying in the University of Edinburgh, and to Edinburgh 
University Students desirous of studying in foreign universities.  In- 
quiries may be addressed in writing to the Secretary of Senatus, or to 
Dr J. G. Cattanach, 3 Alvanley Terrace, member of the International- 
Academic Committee. 


VIII. AssocIaATION FOR THE BETTER ENDOWMENT OF THE 
UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. /restdent—The Right Hon. Arthur 
James Balfour, D.C.L., LL.D., M.P., Chancellor of the University. 
Vice-Presidents—The Right Hon. The Earl of Wemyss, LL.D, ; The 
Right Hon. The Earl of Stair, K.T.; The Right Hon. The Earl of 
Rosebery, K.G., K.T., LL.D.; Principal Sir William Muir, K.C.S.L., 
JOEL, 5 ONLI DY. 

Ordinary Members of the General Committee—The Right Hon, John Β. 
Baltour (ΟΣ (6.5 LL.D., M.P.; R. Fitzroy Bell, Esq., Advocate; A. 
W. Black, Esq. ; ; John Boyd, "Esq. 3 OIE Thomas J. Boyd ; Professor 
Butcher, ΠΣ D.; Rev. Professor Calderwood, LL.D.; John Carment, 
lbs, IUIER OE 8. iss C.; Professor Chiene, F. Res E.; D. Christison, 
Esq., M.D.; ‘The Hon. Lord Rutherfurd Clark, LL. D.; Sir Thomas 


758 Appendix. 


Clark, Bart. ; Archibald Constable, Esq.; Henry Cook, Esq., W.S.; 
Charles Cook, Esq., W.S. ; R. Cameron Cowan, Esq., C.A. ; Donald 
Crawford, Esq., Advocate; The Hon. Lord Stormonth - Darling, 
LL.D.; John Duncan, Esq., M.D.; J. R. Findlay, Esq.; The Rey. 
Archibald Fleming ; John Harrison, Esq.; James Hope, Esq., W.S.; 
A. Taylor Innes, Esq., Advocate; The Hon. Lord Kinnear, LL.D. ; 
Ai. J. G. Mackay, Esq., LL.D., Advocate, Sheriff of Fife; The Hon. 
Bouverie F. Primrose, C.B.; Charles Robertson, Esq. Bi GsS352ro- 
fessor Seth, LL.D.; Robert Simson, Ksq., B.C.S.; George Smith, 
Esq., LL.D., C.I.E. ; James Walker, Esq. of Dalry. Hon. Secretary 
—Sir Alexander Christison, Bart., M.D. Secretary—Robert G. Scott, 
W.S., 61 North Castle Street. 

Local Honorary Secretaries—A. Mercer Adam, Esq., M.D., Boston, 
Lincolnshire ; Sir Dyce Duckworth, M.D., 11 Grafton Street, Picca- 
dilly, London; Peter Gardner, Esq., W.S., 153 St Vincent Street, 
Glasgow ; A. F. Hutchison, Esq., Stirling ; James Tait, Esq., W.S., 
Kelso. 

Terms of Membership—Life Subscription, Ten Guineas; Annual 
Subscription, One Guinea. Subscriptions and Donations in excess of 
these Sums are earnestly solicited by the Committee. 


IX. UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH BUILDINGS EXTENSION SCHEME. 
Ata Meeting of the Acting Committee for this Scheme, held on 16th 
November 1885, it was resolved to apply to Parliament for power to 
acquire houses in Park Street adjoining the present New Buildings as 
a site upon which to erect a University Hall; and under the Edinburgh 
University Buildings Extension Act, 1886, certain Members of the 
Committee were incorporated as Trustees by the name of the EDIN- 
BURGH UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS EXTENSION TRUSTEES, for the 
purpose of acquiring the property in question and erecting the Hall. 

The present Trustees are :— 

Principal Sir W. Muir, ΚΕ ΘΕ DIG 
WILLIAM M‘Ewan, Esq., M.P. 
Professor Sir WILLIAM TURNER, D.C.L. 


Mr M‘Ewan munificently offered to contribute the sum required to 
erect the Hall as originally contemplated, and in completion of the 
architect’s design, upon condition of the cost of the site being provided 
otherwise. The Government was approached’on the subject, and a 
Parliamentary grant of £8000 towards the cost of the site was obtained. 
Mr M‘Ewan having provided the balance required, the site was pur- 
chased. Plans for the erection of the Hall by R. Rowand Anderson, 
LL.D., Architect, were approved of and contracts entered into, and 
the work is now approaching completion. By resolution of the Senatus 
Academicus, the new Hall will be named the ‘‘M‘Ewan Hall,” in 
grateful recognition of the founder’s benefaction. 


GEORGE SOMERVILLE, City Chambers, 
Clerk to Trustees. 


Appendix, 759 


X. UNIVERSITY SOCIETIES AND CLUBS. 
i.—THE AGRICULTURAL SociETy. EsTABLISHED 1858. Hono- 
rary Prestdent—Professor Wallace. President—A. Allsebrooke. Vice- 
President—¥. P. Walker. Secretary—A. Fraser. Treasurer—W. 

Bruce. Committee—Messrs Naismith, Rushton, and Mason. 

ἘΠῚ Society meets weekly on Wednesdays during the Winter Session 
at ὃ P.M. 

ii.—ARTS STUDENTS’ CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. Hon. President 
—Rev. George Wilson. Hon, Vice-Presidents—Professor Butcher, 
LL.D.; Professor Calderwood, LL.D.; Professor M. Dods, D.D.; 
Rev. Alex. Martin, M.A.; Rev. James Durran, M.A.; Dr A. H. F. 
Barbour, M.A.; Rev. A. Whyte, D.D. President—Harry C. Duncan. 
Secretary—G. Henry Donald, 7 Thirlestane Road. Assistant-Secretary 
—J. B. West. Zveasurer—S. A. K. Wilson. 

The objects of the Association are—(1) To form a bond of union 
between men whose principle and aim in life is Christian ; (2) To 
promote social intercourse ; (3) To give University men an opportunity 
of engaging in Christian work ; (4) To foster study of the Bible. 


(WOMEN’s BRANCH). 

Flonorary President — Miss Louisa Stevenson. President — Miss 
Nairn, M.A, V2ce-Prestdenis—Miss Dods and Miss Graham.  Secre- 
tary—Miss Lorimer, 9 Gloucester Place. Zyeasurer—Miss Sutherland, 
30 Warriston Crescent. Commdzttee—Misses C. B. Macdonald, B. Rob- 
son, H. Macfie, C. Tweedie, A. Macdonald, E. M. Milligan, in addition 
to the office bearers e-officto. 

The work is carried on by means of a weekly meeting for Bible study 
and other religious and social meetings. Membership is open to all 
Matriculated women students, present and past, of the University of 
Edinburgh, the annual subscription being one shilling. 


iil.—ASSOCIATED SOCIETIES OF THE UNIVERSITY. This Associa- 
tion was instituted in 1833, and is a Union of Literary and Debating 
Societies. It is composed at the present date of five societies :—The 
Dialectic, Scots Law, Diagnostic, Philomathic, and Celtic Societies. 
The following is the list of the Office-Bearers of the Association, and 
of the respective component societies :— 

Honorary President—Professor David Masson, LL.D. on. Vice- 
Presidents —The Senatus Academicus of the University (ex offictts). 
Secretary—John A. Robson, M.A., 87 Gilmore Place. 


(1.) DIALECTIC SociETY. INSTITUTED IN 1787. Presidents—Alex. 
M. MacEwen; J. M. Macmillan, M.A.; J. Smart, M.A.; W. Porter ; 
W. A. Curtis. Secretary—R. C. Henderson, M.A. Zveasurer—D. 
W. Watson. 

This Society meets in the Societies’ Hall every Thursday Evening 
at ὃ o’clock, for the prosecution of Literary and Philosophical Com- 
position, Criticism, and Debate. 


760 Appendix. 


(2.) Scors Law Society. INSTITUTED IN 1815. Prestdents— 
A. N. Stephenson, Solicitor; J, Erskine Dods, M.A., LL.B.; George 
Morton, M.A., LL.B., Advocate. Secvetary—Douglas M. Gibson, 
84 Great King Street. Asszstant-Secretary—Charles R. Beveridge, 
Solicitor, 57 Marchmont Road. 7yeasurer and Librarian—James D. 
Millar, M.A., 26 York Place. 

This Society meets every Monday evening during the Winter Session, 
at 8.30 0’clock, for the purpose of debating Legal Questions and reading 
Essays. 


(3.) THE D1AGNosTic SociETy. INSTITUTED IN 1816,  (Office- 
Bearers not communicated.) 

This Society meets every Tuesday evening during the Winter Ses- 
sion, at 9 o’clock, in the Associated Societies’ Hall, for the purpose of 
debating and reading Essays. 


(4.) PHILOMATHIC Society. INSTITUTED IN 1858. Presidents— 
Robert Y. Whitton, Thomas Maclagan, James 5. Macdonald. Secre- 
tary—J. RK. Hunter. Ass¢stant-Secretary—Campbell Irons. Tyveasurer 
—John Walker, M.A. Committee—The Office-Bearers, and Messrs 
Donald, Henry, and Norman. Delegates to Assoctated Socteties’ Counctl 
—Mr R. Y. Whitton, and the Secretary. 

This Society meets in the Societies’ Hall every Friday evening during 
the Winter Session, at 8 p.M., for the purposes of debate and essay- 
reading; and is open to all who are, or have been, Matriculated 
Students of the University of Edinburgh. 


(5.) CELTIC Society. INSTITUTED 1848. Honorary President— 
Professor Mackinnon, Pres¢dents—T. S. Macpherson, R. Macleod, 
and E. Fraser. Secretary—Mr 1). T. Mackintosh. <Ass¢stant-Secretary 
—Mr J. M. Lamont. Zvreasurer—Mr J. M. M‘Millan, M.A. Addai- 
tional Members of Committee—Messrs J. Cameron and C. Urquhart. 
Representative to S.R.C.—Mr Don. Lamont. 

The Society meets every Saturday evening during the Winter Session, 
at 7 o’clock P,M., in the Associated Societies’ Hall. All Celtic Students 
cordially invited. Next Session begins on Friday, 23rd October. 


iv.—ATHLETIC CLUB. Prestdent—J. G. C. Scott. Vice-President 
—S. J. Aarons. Zyveasurer—C. E. W. Macpherson. on. Secretary 
—C. MacLaurin, the University Union, Park Place. 

Open to all Members and Graduates of the University, and to 
Students of the Extra-Mural School. The sections of the Club are— 

1. FOOTBALL (Rugby) — Secretary — A. Wood. (Association) — 
Secretary—N. MacGowan. 2. CRICKET—Secretary—H. Malins. 3. 
CYCLING—Secrelary—A. D. Grange. 4. LAWN ‘TENNIS—Secretary 
- 5. SWIMMING—Secretary— 

6, HARE AND Hounps—Secretary—J. Edwards. 7. GOLF (affiliated) 
—Secrelary—R. J. Bryce. 8, RowInc—Secretary—W. G. Currie. 


Appendix. 761 


Field at Craiglockhart. Address all communications to Sec., Univer- 
sity Union. 


v.—CAITHNESS STUDENTS’ ASSOCIATION. INSTITUTED IN 1856. 
Honorary President—His Grace the Duke of Portland. Presideni— 
Walter Murray. Secrefary—D. B. Waters, M.A. 7) reasurer—George 
Wares. Joint Competition Committee—J. Gregory Nicolson, J. B. 
Meiklejohn, and John A. Waters. Representative to S.R.C.—T. W. 
Stewart. 

This Association meets fortnightly, in the Education Class Room, 
on Saturdays, at 8 p.m., during the Winter Session, for the purpose 
of debating, for reading Essays, and for the advancement of education 
in Caithness. 

vi.—CHEMICAL SOCIETY. INSTITUTED 1874. Pyesident—Professor 
A. Crum Brown, M.D., D.Sc. Vice-Presidents—A. P. Aitken, D.Sc.; 
J. E. Mackenzie, Ph.D., B.Sc. ZLibrarian— 

Secretary—\. Fairbairn, Β. 50. 7easurer—Longfield Smith. 

This Society holds fortnightly meetings, at 8 p.M., in the Committee 
Room of University Union, during the Winter Session, for the reading 
and discussion of papers on Chemistry and allied Sciences. 

Excursions to Chemical Works, &c., during the Sessions. 


vii.—DUMFRIESSHIRE AND GALLOWAY LITERARY SOCIETY. 
INSTITUTED 1847. Prestdents—William Murray, 107  Marchmont 
Road ; J. E. Gibson, 1 Roseneath Terrace ; J. W. Barbour, 15 Spottis- 
woode Street ; Joseph Jardine, 16 Marchmont Road. Secretardes—Jas. 
Conchie, 55 Marchmont Road ; John M‘Murray, 8 Blackwood Crescent. 
Treasurer—James Armstrong, 23 Livingstone Place. 

The Society meets every Saturday evening during the Winter Session, 
at 7 o’clock, in the Public Law Class-Room. 


vili—FREE CHURCH Society. INsTriITUTED 1886. Honorary 
President—C, J. Guthrie, Esq. Senzor President—G. L. Sturrock. 
Junior Prestdent—A. 8. Crichton, Secretary—J. A. Davidson. Assést- 
ant Secretary—J. W. Payne. 7yreasuxer—D. D. Paton. 

This Society meets every Saturday evening during the Winter 
Session, at 7 o'clock, in the F.C. College, Mound, for the purpose 
of debating and reading Essays. 


ix.—MEDICAL STUDENTS’ CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. Honorary 
Prestdent—Professor Sir Thomas Grainger Stewart, M.D. Honorary 
Vice-Presidents—Professors Crum Brown, M.D.; Greenfield, M.D.; 
Sir D. Maclagan, M.D.; A. R. Simpson, M.D. ; Dr J. Affleck ; Dr 
J. W. Ballantyne; Dr A. H. F. Barbour; Dr Robert Fleming; Mr 
Ay G. Miller, F.R.C.S.E.; Mr C. W. Cathcart, F.R.C.S.; ΜῈ}. Shaw 
Maren, F.R.C.S.E.; Dr J. C. Webster. Prestdent—B. L. Living- 
stone-Learmonth, 88 Polwarth Gardens. General Secretarzes—William 
A. Murray, 6 Warrender Park Crescent ; T. C. Mackenzie, 36 Wood- 


762 Appendix. 


burn Terrace. Ward Secretartes—H. T. Holland, and J. C. Carr, 1 
Roseneath Place. Zyeaswrer—Harold Nuttall (c/o Mackintosh), 75 
Warrender Park Road. 

The object of the Association is, stated briefly, to form a bond of 
union between Medical Students whose frinciples and aims in life are 
Christian. Membership is open to both University and College of 
Surgeons Students. A half-hour meeting, to which αὐ Medical 
Students are invited, is held each Sunday during Session from 10 
to 10.30 A.M. in the Chapel of Royal Infirmary, and is conducted by 
various medical men and Senior Students. There is a Missionary 
Library open to all matriculated Students. The Secretaries will be 
glad to give full information as to the work of the Society, and to enrol 
any who wish to become members. 


x.—MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION. INSTITUTED 1825.—Honorary 
President—Principal Sir W. Muir, K.C.S.I., D.C.L. Hon. Vice- 
Prestdents—The Lord Rector, Right Hon. J. P. B. Robertson; Rev. 
Professor Calderwood; Very Rev. Professor Charteris; Rev. Pro- 
fessor Kennedy.  Chazvman of Workers Meeting—Rev. Professor 
Kennedy. Presitdent—Walter Rk. Henderson, M.A. Vice-President— 
Andrew Mutch, M.A.  Secretary—Jas. Wallace, M.A. Assistant 
Secretary—A. C. Buchanan, B.A. Tyveasurer —W. Melville Sym, 
Esq., C.A.  Asststant Treasurer —W. G. M‘Kean. Librarian— 
Murray Corson, M.A. Vice-Librarian—W. 5. Simpson, M.A. 

The Association meets to transact business in the Public Law Class- 
Room on alternate Saturdays, at 10 A.M. 


xl.—MUuSICAL SOCIETY. ESTABLISHED 1867.—/atron—H.R.H. 
The Reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (The Duke of Edin- 
burgh). Prestdent—Professor Niecks. Vace- Prestdents—Principal Sir 
W. Muir, K.C.S.1.; Professors Annandale, Armstrong, Butcher, Calder- 
wood, Crum Brown, Flint, Kirkpatrick, Maclagan, Rutherford, Seth, 
Emeritus- Professor Sir Herbert 5, Oakeley ; 1), Hepburn, M.D. ; and 
Macdonald Brown, M.B. Hon. or Corresponding Vice-Presidents— 
The President of Aberdeen University Musical Society and Professor 
Prout, Dublin; Professor Sir John Stainer, Oxford ; Professor Villiers 
Stamford, Cambridge. on. Secretary—Leonard Crossley. Tyeasurer 
—W. Ὁ. Sillar, M.B. Conductor—Mr Carl Ὁ. Hamilton. 

Weekly practice, during the Winter Session, in the Hall of the 
University Union. Day and hour subject to arrangement at the 
general meeting held at the beginning of the Winter Session. 

xll.—PHYSICAL SociETy. — Presidents-—L. O. Critchley; A. D. 
Russell. Secretary and Treasurer —D. Macrae Aitken, Physical Labor- 
atory. This Society meets every third Wednesday during the Session, 
at 7.30 P.M., for the discussion of subjects connected with Mathemati- 
cal and Experimental Physics. 


xiii.— PHOTOGRAPHIC Society. — //onorary President—Professor 


Appendix. . 763 


Crum Brown. President—Dr T. W. Drinkwater. Vice-Presidents— 
Dr Logan Turner, Prof. Cossar Ewart, Dr Cathcart. Hon. Secre- 
tartes—H. O. Hobson, W. P. Craig, The Union. Hon. Treasurer— 
H. O. Hobson. All past and present Students eligible. Dark-rooms, 
Studio, &c., at 3 Bristo Place, free to Members at any time. Monthly 
meetings during sessions. Excursions in summer time. 


xiv.—RIFLE COMPANY SHOOTING CLUB. INSTITUTED 1873.-— 
flonorary Prestdent — Lieut.-Col. Sir Wm. Turner. President— 
Captain I. B. Balfour. Vice-Presidents—Lieutenants J. A. Hope and 
E. H. Robertson. Secretary and Treasurer—Sergeant Gavin Grey. 
Committee—Col.-Sergeant G. R. Livingston; Sergeant J. B. Jamie- 
son; Sergeant A. N. Bond; Lance-Corporal J. A. Thompson, and 
Private R. M. Skinner. This Club is open to members of No. 4 (Uni- 
versity) Co., Q.R.V.B., R.S. The Club superintends the shooting of 
the Company. Weekly competitions are held at Hunter’s Bog, and 
an Annual Prize Competition in July, at which numerous prizes are 
given. A silver teaspoon is given for each weekly competition. 


XV.—SCOTTISH INTER-UNIVERSITY RIFLE MAtcH.—£dinburgh 
Committee—Lieutenant J. A. Hope; Sergeant C. W. Peach; Cor- 
poral J. A. Benson, Q.R.V.B.; Sergeant C. J. Caddick ; Corporal 
J. Hunter, E.C.V.A. ; Sergeant G. M. Pratt ; Private J. R. Robinson, 
V.M.S.C. Hon. Secretary—Sergeant Gavin Grey, Q.R.V.B., 37 Gil- 
more Place. The Inter-University Challenge Trophy is shot for 
annually by the four Scottish Universities. Each University sends a 
team of ten men, of whom at least five must be matriculated students 
at the date of the match, and the remainder must have attended a ciass 
in the University for at least one Session. Students willing to shoot are 
requested to communicate with the Secretary. 


xvi. —SHINTY CLUB.—atvous—Lord Robertson, Lord Rector of 
the University; Lord Reay; Sir Lewis M‘Iver, M.P.; Count de 
Serra Largo; Dr M‘Gregor; Rev. Dr Blair, of St John’s, Edinburgh ; 
Major Mundell, Lochbroom; Dr A. Macdonald, Edinburgh; Dr 
Carment; Sheriff Mackay ; A. MacHardy, Esq., Inverness ; Surgeon- 
Major MacGregor, Edinburgh. Prestdent—Professor Struthers. Vice- 
President—Professor M‘Kinnon. Caftain—M. N. Macinnes, M.A, 
Vice-Captain—G. J. Meikle. Hon. Secretary and Treasurer—W. 
Machardy, 38 Warrender Park Terrace. Membership is open to all 
past and present Students of the University. Practice at Inverleith Park 
on Saturday afternoons during Winter Session. 


XVii.—THEOLOGICAL SOcIETY. INSTITUTED 1776. — Honorary 
President—Rev. Professor Flint, LL.D. Honorary Vice-Prestdents— 
Rey. Professor Charteris, D.D.; Rev. Professor Taylor, D.D.; Rey. 
Professor Kennedy, D.D. — Presidents—W. W. Reid, M.A.; Robert 
G. Jamieson, M.A. ; James Wallace, M.A.; David Duncan.  Secrefary 
—A. W. Mitchell, M.A. Zveasurer—W. Walker, M.A. 


764 Appendix. 


This Society is open to present and past Students of any Theologi- 
cal Seminary. It meets every Friday evening during the Winter 
Session, at 8.30 P.M., for debates and discussions on questions of 
Theology, Church History, Biblical Criticism, General Ecclesiastical 
Polity, and kindred subjects. 


xvilii—ToraL ABSTINENCE SociETy. INSTITUTED 1853.—Hono- 
rary President—Rev. Professor Charteris. Honorary Vice- Presidents 
—Reyv. Professor Calderwood ; Professor Simpson ; Charles J. Guthrie, 
M.A.; J. Shaw Maclaren, F.R.C.S.E.; A. G. Miller, F.R.C.S.E.5 
R. L. Orr, LL.B. Prestdent—Harold Nuttall, M.A. Vice-President 
—Miss J. A. Robertson. Secretary—A. Graham Donald, 15 Buc- 
cleuch Place. Sfectal Secretary for Speakers—G. M. Macdougall, 
3 Moncrieff Terrace. Yveasurer—Sidney G. Campbell, Catherine 
Lodge, Newhaven Road. 

The condition of membership is total abstinence for the current 
academic year, ‘‘ab Octobre ad Octobrem.” The Secretary requests 
all who are abstainers to send in their names, that the roll of such may 
be as complete as possible. 

xix.— UNIVERSITY ΒΑΊΤΕΒΥ, E.C.V. ARTILLERY.—Captain—Pro- 
fessor J. C. Ewart. Lzewtenant—I. Coates. Sergeant-Major—H. O. 
Hobson.  Sexgeants—C. J. Caddick, C. J. Lauchlan, W. Hamilton- 
J. A. Raeburn. Hon. Secretary and Treasurer—Sergeant Hamilton, 
21 Brougham Street. 

The Battery is recruited from the University and the Extra-mural 
School only. During the summer numerous competitions are held : in 
the Battery, Carbine Shooting and a competition in drill with field- 
guns by subdivisions for the Challenge Shield ; in the Brigade, Carbine 
Shooting, Field-gun Shooting, and Repository Competitions ; and, in- 
ter-regimentally, numerous prizes are offered by the Scottish National 
Artillery Association at Barry Camp for Shooting, Drill and Reposi- 
tory work with field-guns, including the Waveney Cup. 

Further information may be obtained from any of the above-named 
N.C.O’s, or at Headquarters, 31 St James’ Square. 


xx.—UNIVERSITY HALL AND 51 GILEs’ House, RIDDLE’S COURT 
(5 Victoria Terrace) and RamMsAy Lopcr. FouNDED May 1887.— 
University Hall is designed as a social residence for Students, 
Graduates, and others connected with the University. Begun in 1887 
at Mound Place, it has since been extended to Riddle’s Court, to Ram- 
say Garden and Ramsay Lodge, and now to St Giles’ House, 22 St 
Giles’ Street. These buildings are within short distances of the Uni- 
versity, and include common rooms, private studies, and bedrooms. 
The rents range from 8s. to 18s. per week, and the board from 12s, to 
145. per week, payable by term or week. 

The external affairs of the Hall are in the hands of Professor Geddes, 
with the assistance of the following Consulting Committee :—Lord 


> 
+ 
4 
* 
8 
4 


Sppleaniianys puyekt 


Appendix. 765 


Stormonth-Darling ; Professors Butcher, Chiene, Kirkpatrick, Crum 
Brown, Geddes ; Aineas Mackay, Esq., LL.D.; R. Fitzroy Bell, Esq.; 
W. K. Dickson, Esq. ; Dr George Mackay; Dr Hunter Stewart ; 
James Macdonald, Esq., S.S.C.; R. C. Gray, Esq., S.S.C.; J. F. 
Mackay, Esq., W.S.; Dr Caird ; J. Arthur Thomson, Esq., M.A. ; 
and three representatives from those in residence. Messrs Whitson 
& Methuen, C.A., 26 Hill Street, are Secretaries of this Committee. 

The internal arrangements of each house are, in most cases, managed 
by a committee of the residents elected monthly. When desired, 
young Students can be placed under the care of one of the resident 
tutors, the Rev. H. H. Flower, Pittodrie House, Ramsay Gardens; J. 
A. Thomson, Esq., M.A.; and others, and in some of the chambers 
and larger houses occupied by teachers, graduates, &c., Students can 
be received as pupils and boarders. 

Application for rooms should be made at the different houses. Appli- 
cation for information with regard to general questions on University 
Hall can be made to Messrs Whitson & Methuen, C.A., 26 Hill Street, 
Edinburgh. 


xxl.—CRUDELIUS RESIDENCES FOR WOMEN STUDENTS, No. 6 
ARCHIBALD PLACE, AND BurRNS’s LAND, 457 LAWNMARKET, EDIN- 
BURGH. INSTITUTED 1894.—Zvecutive Committee—Professor Kirk- 
patrick (Chairman), Mrs Baldwin Brown, Mrs G. Wardlaw Burnet, 
Miss M‘Lean, Principal Grant Ogilvie, Two Representatives elected 
by the Residents, and the Hon. Secretary, ex officio, The rents vary 
from 6s. 6d. to 16s. per week, including the use of common sitting- 
rooms, light, service, &c. ; and the cost of board is about 8s. per week. 

For particulars apply to the Hon. Secretary, Mrs Salmon, ὃ Ramsay 
Garden, Edinburgh. 

Xxil.— UNIVERSITY U.P. STUDENTS’ SOCIETY. INSTITUTED 1843. 
—Honorary Presiéents—Professor Crum Brown, M.D,, LL.D. ; Rev. 
Professor Henry Calderwood, LL.D.; Rev. John Hutchison, D.D. ; 
Rev. A. B. Cameron, D.D. Prestdent—R. Whyte, M.A. Vice- 
Presidents—A, Alexander, M.A.; R. Gray, M.A.  Secretary—John 
Adam Gray. Z7yeaswrer—T. Fraser. 

The Society meets every Saturday evening during the Winter Session, 
in the College Buildings, Castle Terrace, at Seven o’clock. 


XXlil.--WOMEN’S DEBATING SOCIETY. INSTITUTED 1893.—Office- 
bearers for 1895-96 :—Prestdent—Lilias A. Johnstone. Vece-Presidents 
—Mary C. Dods, Helen Macfie. Secretary—Alice A. Nicol. 7veas- 
wver — Elizabeth Pagan. Office-bearers for 1896-97 :—/restdent— 
Helen Macfie. Vice-Presidents—Mary C. Dods, Alice A. Nicol. 
Secretary —Edith Hooper, The University. 77easwrer—Elizabeth 
Pagan. : ; 

The Society meets every Friday during the Winter Session, at 5 
P.M., within the University, for Debate and Literary Criticism. 


766 Appendix. 


SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS FOR PRELIMINARY 
EXAMINATION, &c., WHICH HAVE NOW COME INTO FORCE. 


I. Section III., Sub-section 1, of Regulations shall be read and con- 
strued as if after the word ‘‘ Italian” there were inserted the words, 
‘€or such other language as the Senatus Academicus may approve.” 

11. Section XII. shall be read and construed as if at the end of the 
section there were added as a new sub-section the words :—‘‘ (4) Every 
candidate shall have obtained a certificate of his attendance on the 
class of Latin or Greek, under sub-sections (1) or (2) of this section, 
before he offers himself for examination in his Honours group of 
subjects.” 

III. Candidates for Honours in Mental Philosophy who have in- 
cluded Latin, but not Greek, as one of the subjects in which the 
standard of examination is the same as that required for the ordinary 
degree of Master of Arts, shall be deemed to have satisfied the 
provisions of Section XII., Sub-section (2) of the Regulations, if, 
before they offer themselves for the Honours Examination in Mental 
Philosophy, they shall have passed a special examination in translating 
into English passages from the works of Greek philosophical authors, 
including passages from the works of such authors not previously 
prescribed. 


o> tae 


767 


General Endex. 


PAGE 
Academic Costume.......0.......+0. 90 


Accounts, University, Abstract 


0 


Ὄπ πΠ' ποσουο οι οὐνυνουοο σου 729 | 
Addresses of Professors ............ Xx | 


Emeriti Professors .....xxi 


29 aa 
5 Lecturers .........0....0+.XX1i | 
Army, Examinations for........... 754 | 
ΚΑΤ ΞΡ ΠΟΥ ΟΝ, ΟἿ. - τ. τον τντνς 2, 18. 55 | 


Academic Year............ 
Bursaries 1— 


112, 594 | 


Aland 60." ---------{.....Ψ...58], 989 | 
Angus Club (45) ......... 330, 335 
Ardvorlich (42)........... 330, 335 | 
Argyllshire (41)........... 330, 335 
Ayrshire (32) ....... 329, 334, 362 
TE Enid ΟΣ τ. 0... πεν... 329, 994 


Border Association and 


Sir Walter Scott (40) ......380, | 
335, 3 


, 362 

[Brow {Π Peace ae veaene soe 328, 333 
Breen θη. .:....829, B04 | 
Bry SOM ΘῊΡ όσα τ τ στ 328, 332 | 
BUCHANAN eres. cectedeonsscscsse- 365 | 
Caithness Association (34) ΤῊ ᾿ 

ΘΕ ΞΘ {2} ..2.0ἀ(ἐπννςς 328, 332 
County Club and Private | 
IBUTSAIIOS ¥en eccacclicesees022 O01 | 
Wousini(((S) acces. οσοσονοιτος 331, 541 | 
Cowan (49) ..........380, 336, 362 | 
Dalgliesh and Macmorran (8) | 
328, 332 | 

Dow (24) -...............820) 334 | 
Dundas ΕΠ Στ 5309’ 999. 
East Lothian (54) ........ 330, 337 | 
Ed, Assoc. for Univ. Ed. | 

ΠΥ ΟΥ̓ ΘΙ ores ceaasces. το νον 904 

Victoria Jubilee.............564 
Zetland ..........+. “nppsedeaene 364 | 

ἘΠΟΌΣΟΞ ΤΟΥ δ... ..0.....ἁὁοοος .«.0604. 


PAGE 


Arts, Faculty of— 


Bursaries— 

Endowment Association (55) 
330, 337, 361 
Fairbairn (67) ............ 331, 340 
Hor) (lO) ieiecenseteseeecer: 328, 382 

Fotheringham and Forrest 
ΕΝ Εν Ὁ δι. 330, 337 
Fraser (18).. 329, 333 
Fraser (Donald) (75) MET ‘31, 
363 
Gillan(56)eegesescatcees +030, 337 
Glenbuck)(G9)iessccccnene: 331, 340 
Grant. (21). ον Ἐπ τ τ 929, 333 
Grierson (47)).isss.......- 330, 336 
Harrison (38).......330, 335, 366 
Heriot, (1)..nc....22.020) 00 le8508 


Heriot (for Women) 328, 331, 363 
Heriot (for Women studying 
Medicine)..2-22..2... cco ~ 363 
Heriot St Geo, Training 
Collec eisassssceasessesseereetee 364 
Heriot High School (1).328, 331, 
363 
Horsliehill-Scott (37)...3880, 335, 
366 
Elum 0x((19) πρὶ Στ τ ἘΝ 329, 333 
Jamieson (26)...........:: 329, 334 
Jardine (Bidder) (27)...329, 334, 
361 


Jardine (‘Thorlieshope) (68) 
331, 340, 362 
Johnston, A. (2)....3828, 331, 362 
Johnstone, R. (5, 6) 328, 332, 362 
Johnstone of Harthope (49) 
330, 336 


Gamberti(50)scc-s- eee 330, 337 
Lanarkshire (48) ......... 330, 336 
Thennie! (28). acer access 329, 334 


M‘Diarmid (30) ..........329, 334 


1 The figures in parentheses refer to the numbers of the Foundations, 


768 Index. 
PAGE PAGE 
Arts, Faculty of— Arts, Faculty of— 
Bursaries— Class Prize and Honour Lists.. 98 
Macdougall (63) ....330, 338, 364 | Courses in Arts— 
Mackenzie (70)...... 331, 340, 362 AStronomiyaccsecsetececstreteeen 90 
Mackinnon (60) ....330, 338, 362 Βούδην τ: sicsuteeeccmee nese Ὁ1 
Maclaurin (71) ............¢ 3 31, 340 Πρ π 1.0 74 
Mann! (05)... -ὴς 331, 339, 362 Chemiistryy-.s-pesseeeertee serene 91 
Marshall (51)... ees 337, 363 Classical Archaeology......... 67 
Mianile: (4) ee ssceconeceseees 331, 341 Dynamics 89 
Menzies (23)..............+. 329, 333 | Hiducatione προ τ 
Mal aey((20) eaereeccce comes 329, 333 | English......... 
Mitchell and Short (16)...... 329, ΕἸΠΕ ΑΥ bivsceseccesrese 
333 | Frenchi.::isssassccsccterersenerenata 
Newton (64) ............... 331, 339 | Geology ¢.5:42.52.5 scares 
Orkney and Zetland Gey Gorman) τ sc <sn-oesereeaeie bee 
330, 336 Greek .. x 
Patricki(Sll!) pc .csc 329, 334, 901 Hebrew and Semitic ‘Lan- 
Patterson (58) 330, 338, 365, 366 ΟΕ ΤΣ ὁ ππιδς....- 74 
Peeblesshire (33).........329, 334 History, ΒΤ 91 
Benmanyd: (το τ το 928, 332 ἕε Constitutional....... 96 
Pringle and Wardrop (14)...328, ,,  Heclesiastical......... 96 
332 55) Roman’ Sesecseeeeeecmo 
Private Bursaries............... 361 Italian ...... το ΕΠ eee 7 
Ramsay {115 πη ὺ 928, 992 Thatin’. scs.etcsscten ceeereorceentr 61 
Renton (62) .........330, 3: 38, 363 Logie and Metaphysics . Meade 75 
Rind (BD) σοὁ΄ΨοὍοἘὁΕΠσπσἘὁὌ 329, 335 | Mathematics ...sc0-.c0.cese0e 89 
Sibbald (44) ......... 330, 33 6, 361 Moral Philosophy............--- 77 
Simson (72)..........¢ 331, 341, 364 Natural Philosophy............ 86 
Spence (38) seen 880, 335, 366 Natural Theology .............- 83 
Stuart (22).. ..829, 333, 365 Philosophy of Law............. 
Thomson (57). 330, 337, 362 Political Economy ............. 79 
Town Council Bursaries...... 361 Public International Law ... 97 
Trotter and Penman (3)...... 328, Sanskrit and Comparative 
332, 362 Philolopiyge.seeseeee eee ree 73 
Tyndall Bruce (36).....830, 335, Zoology” ἈΝ 91 
361, 365 Curricultum!in 2-ece eens 112 
Weir, Jenkins, Hepburn, For Women...2.-esscssseeeeeee 120 
and Lightbody (7) ....828, 332 Period of Study...............+5 112 
Welsh, John (Carlyle) (59) | 330, Preliminary and Bursary 
338 Examinations ΠΡ 
Whitelaw (61) ......: 330, 338, 361 Fee, Dates of Entering, and 
Wight, M‘Call, and Christie Jn Time-Tables for ............. if 
328, ¢ Preliminary Exam. papers...157 
Zetland, Earl of (53) ΠΡΌ; 337 ,, Add. for Bursaries 216. 
Bursaries, &c., Open 1896-97...359 Joint Board of Examiners...127 


Honours List in comp’t’n for 155 

Exam. Papers for 157 

Add, ΤΈΩΣ for Bursaries...216 

Payable by Factor . +1007 
Classes, Programme of, and 

Fees 


Additional eee by 
Joint Board . ἘΠ 
», Exams. “accepted as 
equivalent for..112, 128, 131 
Ordinary mii went neell 
Fees for.. naa /es sees eee eee 184. 


Lnadex. 769 


PAGE PAGE 
Arts, Faculty of— | Arts, Faculty of— 
Curriculum— | Scholarships— 
Dates of entering for Exams. 135 Bruce,” Classics ssnesaeaee 045 
Time-Table of Exams......... 136 ἐξ Mental Philosophy..345 
Outline of Subjects of Exa- " Mathematies.......... 346 
MIN AGLOUS LOM: ..505.:.cceessz- 138 Drummond ΠΡ 344, 357 
Examination Papers........... 226 | Dunlop. Viansec< cca ssseeeeee 348 
Honours Degree ............66. 116 Herguson ..2..:eese0tsst2. 40s G09 
Ap Outline of Exams. .145 | Fettes Exhibitions ecncn eee 346 
Examin. Papers ....272 | Gilchristsccessee-on cee 346 
Graduates i ΠῚ ΘΟ 5 90... τ Ὁ 326 GYAVire ossseth stone eee 346, 358 
» With Honours Lists of 325 Thain prs Svocredee, ike τον ΚΤ ty re 352 
Sponsio Academica to be Maceas IS] COHN OT por Barer rradoceeoe 352 
BPO CUNO see tens casetan ὅτ|ὕ. 324 Mackenziesssssh.2s.22e00: 343, 357 
bth raOMiI ese nenayeeck es. οξο τοῦ τος 154 Macibanent r,s st0s.%s 22 esc 347 
Special Study and Research 122 Macpherson................898, 807 
Higher Weereoe Sacer 29 Bitiv lube. = tee 343, 357 
ΠΝ ΣΙ τὺ πιὸ 125 Rihind ss πὴττ ον ΉΤΟ ΕΣ 947 
D. Phil Ἐπ: το τοῖν τος 124 WCOLGR eeecce rae sc Ὑρ ὅτ 353, 359 
IDES ΘΙΝ ξύνες. Siecedessiccessnscreclo SEIGVIND teeters. ose eee 352 
Fellowships— Vans Dunlop Classies...349, 357 
(ΠΥ ΠΕ ΘΩΣ τς mec sces cciweeenenes 353 Vans Dunlop, Commer. and 
ΕΠΆΤΗΤ ΠΟΣῚ Ἐτο τοῦτος ον τούτους 904, 357 Political Economy....350, 358 
Heriot... πο ΘΟ ΚΘ ΟΖ, English Literature and 
DOHA eset ΤΡ 354 | ROS trys cc το. τ 349, 358 
Swiney Lect. in Geclogy. +4356 ἘΠΌΘΟΥΝ τῆι 95 
ὈΡΘΉ ΤΣ Ἡ ΘΟ 659 77.:.οὐ τς τντιο «τον 356 ἜΠΕΙΘΕΝ τς <eatecarene eee 351 
AVNET OLswsce.esssseseesceccese 367 Logic and Metaphysies 350, Be 
Prizes— Mathematics .................0¢ 
ΒΥΠΟΘῚ τον τ etnls πεν νυν sot 342, 359 Moral Philosophy............... 3 52 
COUSI ΣΕ τοῖος τὶ τε ον ἐς 848, 359 Nat. Philosophy.............6. 351 
Dickson Travelling Fund | Sanskriti:Wcr-scsssess eons 352 
356, 359 Vacant 1896- ἜΣ Ἐ:: 356 
Edinburgh University Club Payable by Factor.. ΣΟΥ, 
(bandon) eee koe c.ceces ese. cies 341 Literate in.. alee 
(Cig2hy/ Goshocode BROCE EaE EE 342, 359 Schoolmaster’s Diploma... 153 
IMI WING |e το τ ταν τ τον τ ννος 343, 359 Hixams Papers: ΤῸ πρὸ το 255 
INR? S ΠΠΠ πίθος 342, 359 = Diplomas conferred, 1895-96...327 
INGNIBATN OUb τς. 2 secs. 0: κον τα τετος 692 Arts’ Students’ Christian Assoc. 759 
Newton (64)......... 99 S05; 909, CASSOSSOUS. <ceeseckcseseecssssscooeeene. 1, 14 
IRCCCOWSHesere ose: cosa ἐκέμον 34 a 359 | Assistants, University............... 5 
Scott and Dunbar........342, 359 | Associated ΠΟΘΙ ΘΟΙΘΗ a... eee 759 
@pentine 1896-97... ...<:.0-c.c6 359 Association for better endowment 
IRAVMONM Ὁ Εν... 45 ἐν νννν oes eseses 367 of the University............ 717, 757 
Scholarships— Atthletic#@llosaesesss ΡΝ 760 
marnobb, Neil ..2.5..2..0.0-: O47 309m) AUGILORy: πε mee eee 1 
Baxter (Sir D.), Mathemat..344 
Philosophical ................. 344 | Benefactors of University ......... 716 
Baxter (J. E.), in Classics ...344 Portraits and Busts of............ 49 
in Mental Philosophy 344, ae Bequests and Donations during 
in Mathematies.............. ΤΠ εάν cee ee 726 


ae 


779 

PAGE 
Botanic Garden, Royal............. 54 
Buildings, University ............... 94 
Buildings Extension Scheme...... 758 
Busts of Professors, &c............. 49 
Caithness Socviety..................... 761 
Calendar, University......... Xili-xVili 
Celtic Society ΠΑ λον OOS cian 760 


. Ceremon., Ann, Graduation, ὅσο. 30 
Chairs 


Chancellor 1, 10 
Charter of University.............0 10 
Chemical Society::..c.ccsse+.s-sccsce 761 


Church of Scot., curriculum for.755 
Classes, Programmes of — 


AUDSsieese costes sesieocess 55 
Divanib yest acemc saeco nee 471 
Wasi Wgeee csc secsieradencsneeereeee me ρος 507 
Medicine nssrusscconscecucearet OLE 
ININTSIC Hote eet Poses ssectcen eee 699 | 
Science .... 368 
Opening GP awe en te 99 
ΟἸΘΕΕΙ ΑΚ ΕΣ ΤΌ ΤΟΣ ΤῸ 
ΟἸΘΕΙΣΕ, ἈΞΒΙΒΌΘΠΙ «οἰ. -- τέκον τς al 
Wloritot Worksite csessec meas εξοΣ L 9) 
Clubs sWniversitye... πρΕΠ....-- 759 
Costume, University ........ 2... 30 
Copying at Examinations, Penal- 
ΠΡ ΒΙΟΥ͂Ν ἘΣΎ ΤΑ vscep coerce ΓΙ 29 
Council, General, of the Uni- 
WEUSIUV EM ec sctscctecs αν τς , 25 
Gen. Med., Representative in.. [18 
Students’ R epresentative .. 26 
Court, University .........0.c000 12, 31 
Repulationstofis... tcc sees 91 
Abstract of Proceedings of.....740 
Curators of Patronage............ 2, 15 
Curriculum in— 
AT UStsrssseacesccecoccenterere red: 55, 114 
ATOOTVANGYicclceccccss το 471, 480 
ATIVLIA Wi Necseeecsccasees ssoatente 507, 516 
in Medicine.. Ἐπ» Οὐ 
AUMVIISIC Seo Στ στον ΡΣ Οτος 699, 701 
in Science...............368, 396, 399 
Deans of Faculties............04 2, 3, 4 
Degrees in Ais, Ree wletions for.112 
Classes for.. ane 114 
Outline of Exams, for........ 2138 
Examination Papers for ......... 226 
in Arts conferred 1895-96....... 326 


Index. 


PAGE 
Degrees in Divinity— 
Classes ΤΟΙ το το ΤῊ Ἐπ 
(B.D.), Regulations for ...480 
Subjects of Exam. for...... 481 
Examination Papers for...482 
conferred 1895-96............ 494 
(D.D.) honorary... ΠΑ ΤΑ ον 494 
Opal Oh Meccecochece castnestcoeeeenene 516 
Classes: i. το ἘΣ 507 
(G:'D:) thonoraryessseeeee 532 
(LL.B.) Regulations for...516 
B.L. Regulations ............517 
Subjects of Exam. for......519 
Hixam.=Paperses cases eee 522 
Dates of Examination...... 520 
conferred, 1895-96........... §32 
in Medicine— 
Classes' for: tasers 542 
Regulations (for M.B., 
Ch:B., M.D., Ch.M. ).. «598 
Preliminary Examination. ona 
Professional Exams......... 600 
conferred in 1895-96 638, 644 
in Music— 
Classes! ΟΥ̓ 15. τε το 699 
Regulations for .............. 701 
Exam. Papers for ........... 705 
Hon. Mus. Doc...... 702 
conferred) in:-ep.s-eesceseeee 703 
in Science— 
Classes for’im.-ssecestasreemne 368 
Regulations for ............. 394 
Outline of Examinations, ..404 
Examination Papers........ 428 
conferred in 1895-96........462 
Diagnostic Society..........ccsse.+e«100 
Dialectic Society... ..159 
Dickson, W., Travel. Fund 356, 359 
Diplomas, Cost of — 
κι στο ttre eeenes 134 
Divinity, (BoD Sse eee 481 
Law, Gb3sBS Bali eee 520 
Medicine: 30s. c) eee 619, 635 
Musics... 22. το πο 704 
Science Mecensson:s neroclersesemnenes 424 
Discipline eesscds-sshe- see eee eee 29 
Divinity, Faculty of— 
Bursaries— 
Alexander (4) ......... 495, ἐν 
Bayne (1) οὐ ον 
ΒΙαἷν (ὅ,,9). προ τ 495, 504 


Index. 771 


i PAGE PAGE 
Divinity, Faculty of— Divinity, Faculty of— foes, 
Bursaries— Prizes— 

buchanan (i))".-..........- 496, 504 Dickson Pavelling Fund. ...506 

Bttles (6) ............ 496, 497, 504 (Grayycecscsterecceene πος τ πίδυδ 

(Gremiby (las Ὁ τ. τοῦττο το τους 499 Gunning. secu nce τ ὅντα πέρ 500 

Grierson (7) .........496, 497, 505 ELep burns ποτ στο same ree: 500, 505 

Hepburn (7, 8, 8) ΠΣ 496, 498 Ἰ τ ει ον ΣΡ ΠΡ ΟΡ τ ΤΡ soe ner ...506 

Hunter (12)..........496, 498, 506 ὍΡδ πα 1890: 07. περι τ τεον τ 504 

Jamieson (2) .. 499 |  Scholarships— 

King William (5).. "496, 497, 506 Aitkentw.cscarecsnsvousseess 502, 506 

Lockerby: (14) ............ 496, 498 IBYUCOs< ἡ τον doce vecenereeer eee 503 

Maclaunin: {4} τετουσοτονν ἐσϑοτος 499 ΟΡ τ τ 503, 504 

M‘Lurg and Penman (2)...... 495 GIOVE? ΣΡ τον oss ossenternesoeeeee: 501 

Miyine (lO) % τις τος: 496, 498, 506 ΣΎΡΕΙ ΤΡ Ν᾿ γον το 504 

Ilene: Ἄν CD 0 500 ρον τονοις 495 JOLTCY: .<.cess-c-ccscons- sss DUO OUG 

INGTON el (2) is aces'ese:-cen---se0 499 Kad die ecatbearcccscccness ses 502, 506 

Ramsay (4) ......... 496, 497, 504 Mastony savo.dccuecsteusesceeor 501 

Renton (11) ......... 496, 498, 504 Pitt Club) s..cccosscsnn ΣΙ ΟΣ 501 

BIDS) ood pes Ase τους: 496, 499 MraVvellin gy voces. cde το ταν τ κε τ δ06 

DSTA {3} asec cesses cesecs cnc ooe 499 | Vans Dunlop, in Hebrew, &e. 502 

Simson (13). ........496, 498, 505 in History <2 .0-c.uessoveqssne ΟἿΣ 

Struthers and Leighton (2).496, Vacant ΒΟ ΟΠ 504 

504 Donations and Bequests during 

Thomson (9).........496, 497, 504 190-00 ἐς. Beccccssscseccsccesersonnens 726 

Webster (8) ......... 496, 497, 504 Dumfries and Galloway Lit. Soc..761 

Wacamtel 590- 07... τους ες ννκοὺς 504 | 
Class and Prize Lists ............ 478 | Endowments, University........... 716 
Classes, Programme of ..........471 Association for..........06006417, 757 
ο΄ 478.) Entrance: ΕἶἾΘΘ. τ. τον. τ τον τον 

PAYA Cenedecserccocssescesccecsses 475 Examinations, dates of entering 

Biblical Criticism and Bib- for, and payment of Fees for 

lical Antiquities.............. 476 | Degrees— 

ΠΥ τον. 0.00 Ὑεοι sees. 473 IAYUS)..52.c:tcesends esereccescsmonsaeeee 135 

Ecclesiastical History......... 476 Divinity ...... πο το το ρο 482 

ΠΟΤ ΟΝ τπτόΠππ|:--..2. ποοονυζονς ATA A” SAW. cos deecsecuss> ccce-tenesuaertentets 520 

Natural Science, Gunning |) - Medicine; = -2c-...:ate-ceescese 620, oe 

Lectureship in.............66 478 MUSIC... τ περ. Ὁ ΡΥ πο δ, 5.5: 704 

Natural ΤΠ ΘΟΤΟΡΥ: Geer Ὁ SCLENCOS, τι cc. τος Ἐν ΤΣ 420 

Lectures in.................+.477 | Examination Papers— 

Syriac... ἘΠῚ eee Preliminary ....,..++...00++-157, 648 
Curriculum in ........csssssesesess 472 Bursaries...... ΡΤ προσ ποῦς ἤρα 216 
GraduatloniNns...2ccocesessccascecee 480 IATUSfececcommsaccsectesscecccecssoes tars 226 

Subjects of Examination....,481 DMLVANIbY;1. s-cenece-reestevr sp το 482 

Time-Table of Examina- WAWiteccswss secur sascaceseosassnstesnsee Oo 

tions and dates of sis 482 Medicine ...... Gcccicccsccycasseccesees 668 

Examination Papers.......,...482 IMUSIC ascsve ote cesecusseceteecccectere 703 

He essfOrsBDy Ὁ τοι sse<ciesossesso 481 Science.. SBaondea 23) 
Graduates, 1895-96 ............... 494 Schoolmaster’s Diploma. seaccoake 255 
Hon. Graduates, List of (D.D.)494 | Examiners for Degrees...........6, 30 
Prizes— Appointment Of...........600-s008 92 

Barty Memorial.......... 500, 505 Absence. 0f.......00... secuecess CRSA OY 


772 


PAGE 
Examinerships, Applications for 32 | 
Extra - Academical Lecturers, 

Rules for Recognition of...... 
Extra-Academical Teachers, Re- 


COPMINON) ΟἿ᾽. τις sess eceees teens 33 | 
recognised by University 
ΘΟ ΟΌΤ τς ποτ τ τον 29 
Faculties ..... ἘΣ ΣΝ Gh; ay IMs: 
AT US ΡΤ ΠΗ τὴν 2,18 
ID abet i Ageraseh a anostenasaccoac bos 3, 21 
WAR cece scte. . chcaceten auteecees 3, 22 
IM@dICING asc. cscs code sens eee: 4, 28 
ΔΙ ΘΙ essences ces ectn eer nneers 4, 24 
SSCIONCO A: -5-ch scone ees eee ett 3, 20 
Factor for University ..........0.+:- 1 
Fees for Classes— 
ANOS θεν cia.thicacecoatoe ener ee 55 
Divinity PRP aR tren ΝᾺ ΤΣ ἘΡΕΣ sora 471 
Medicina. ce Ger tom bee 
IMUSIC rin sas case ΣΕ τη το soe 699 
NCION CE ; Ἐν seme eee ρει. 5 368 
Fees for Degrees— 
ΓΑ Benet eeotonne co nemeetocs, Sone Gee 134 
1D Saba lla Gpeecansce eanpansaoorecoeadces 481 
MAW ἐδ ο. fete canoe «he lecneen et eeions 521 
Medicines τ παν sec one ee 620, 636 
IMITISIO:,  ccinceioveienensee Ο πε 704 
ΘΙ ποθ. Macshssecss vets 424 
Schoolmaster’s Diploma ......... 153 
for Literate in Arts........ ...... 154 | 
ΕῊΣ ΘΕ on ons se 914, Ἴ6Π | 
General Council.. ‘ et Ὁ 
ἘΠ ΓΑ ΠΟΘ᾽ νη δ κε ταις πππος 29 
Foundations, New. ...............-.. 714 
Free Church Society. ............... 761 
Funds, Uniy. Statement of........ 729 
Gen. Council of the Univer, ....9, 25 


Geology, Swiney Lectureship in. .468 


Gifford Lectures on Natural 
COOL Yi. os cce-cersecses rises 477 
Gold Medallists ΡΟ τε 68 | 

Graduation, Regulations for— 
"Ὁ αὐ Cea a ee OE ery nA τ τς 112 
PLVANIGY, os. conse onelehtien See seace 480 
Law.. 25 ἘΣ οτος ΟΝ ἴ0 
Medicine ( (New oe Meee διττός στ το: 593 
‘old ΣΕ ΣΕ ΣΙ 626 


Index. 


PAGE 


Science., .... .csscscesesweeeanenenewes 
Ceremonials, Precedence at.. 

| Gunning Lectureship in N atural 
ΟΠ... 47 


| Honorary Degrees in Divinity .. ἘΝ 


Im. οέοΨοἔοὁέόζοΠοὁ2ὁὄνρήιν οὐτο ὐὐτιτος 
in Music 


| Income and Expenditure of Uni- 


ΨΘΙΞΙΟΝ «ον ἐκουοτα το τονε τε τ τ ΡΣ 729 
India, Civil Service, Regs. for.....754 


International Academic Com- 

MittOe. <0, .sevessssbaaecesmeeeee VOU 

| PANIGOL: ΤΡ δ π|ὺ 00:5. ὉὉ 9 

| Keepers of Museums. .........+0+++ 9 

| Laboratories— 
Anatomy) es τσ 247 
Astronomy ..... cose 
Botanical ........ 373, 547 
Chemical aie eeenees tree 374, 547 
ἘΡΊΟΥ Πρ see eee 373 
Materia Medica :..cc-.csweceeseasO“i 
Natural) Histonygesesessee se 374, 547 
Natural Philosophy........373, 546 


Obstetrical and 1 Gynecological. 547 
Pathological... 54 


Physical: πος sob shd ease 374, 547 
Petrologicall -ἰςτον το 373 
ῬΉΥΒΙΟΙΟΡΊΘΕΙ τ 373, 547 
Practiceiof ΒΒ. erase Ὁ 
Public? Heal τ᾿ 374, 548 
Surgical. ον esedesseeseeteeeres 548 
COS. 225 .. π..-ν 979, 374, 547 
Law, Faculty of— 
Bursaries— 
Allan (5) sesssieise eee 
Cais) (2) ον τ ας 535, 540 
Grant i(1).cc.cse-esecsseraeoee teens 
Grierson) (il) πο ὦ «0380, 539 
Jamieson τ. ἤστιτ: το 536 
Maclaurin oe wiawecktae το ϑτ Ω͂ ον 536 
Renton (4).........000......036, 540 
Sibbald) (9) ποτὸν 536, 540 
Thomson (8)......... 535, 536, 540 
Classes, Programme of .. 507 


...818 


Class and Honours Lists .. 


Index. 


PAGE 
Law, Faculty of— 

(ΟΠ ΘΈΣΙΝ, τος τ cots νον ἐπα, cesses το 508 
(GaP aise ees cvwsevescbaeeeens 508 
Comml. and Political Econ. 

and Mercantile Law........ 511 
Constitut’nal Law andHist. 510 
Conveyancing ...............0+6 509 
International Private Law...512 
Medical Jurisprudence ....... 511 
Procedure and Law of Eyi- 

GBMCO MN norte skecasesaes 
ἘΠ ITE ela wriecivenessesscosccescs es 510 
NS COLSMMa ΑΕ ΡΥ ντιον ον cee 508 | 

Seas Hone oS ain for— 
1018s τς : 516 
alia weed | 

Prelim. Exam. for ‘B. ive Seog 


Outline of Examinations. “for 


IDE SIRES baobodaadacsa sosCOuCe De τὴ 10 
Dates of Entry for Exams. 
and payment of Fees.......... 520 
. Examination Papers.... 200 D2 
HEESTOLMDEETES)<....:2....2.0-c006 520 
Graduates luli. By τ ν τοι. .ν οονοο στους 530 
Beliee. Ἐπ το τ ΟΣ 
Hon. ‘Graduates, TAD... 533 
Prizes — 
Dickson Travel. Fund 538, 540 
HOTEUSICH Preece csoee-n0 538, 540 
(CIENT. σρυσοπορ δάσο ΤΡ 540 
IMTUITH GAs. <0... cenee0.eec5- 539, 540 
IRRECUOIS Ieee cele. Jecsesssscacccce 540 
Scholarships— 
Gray... 538 
ΠΟΤ ΤΊ ΘΙ τ τττνττ τιν το τττι ἐροστιοῦς 538 


Vans Dunlop Scholarships— 


Commercial and _ Political 
Keonomy and Mercantile 
ILE ΡΥ 118. ὅσος ἐννεῦτος 537 

FELIS COM τ sncweseeiisedecccseee 538 


Law of Nature and Nations, 
Civil Law and Constitu- 
tional Law and History ...537 

Scots Law and Conveyancing 537 

Scholarships, Prizes, and Bur- 


saries Vacant 1896-97 ...... 539 
Lecturers, University......... xxii, 4 
Absence of . oc 31 
Extra-Academical, recognised 623 
Regs. for recognition of 3 
Lectureships, University .......... 4 


113 
PAGE 
Lectureships— 
Applied Mathematics ............ 4 
Agricultural Chemistry .......+ 5 
Agricultural Entomology ...... ὦ 
Chemical Theory .......see0e...s08 5 
Diseases of Children.............. 5 
Diseases of the Hye...........- 5 
Embryology ..0..........sseeeseeee ὃ 
Binelishiyes sss ccsesed-oneseateeaceesnes 4 
Exper imental Pharmacology... ὃ 
Experimental Physiology ....... 5 
Morestryinscccsssscersssescersessieesee 5 
French Language, Xc. ...6... 5 
Geometrical. and Mechanical 
Drawing .. SeOHOBOCOC 
German Language, ‘he. 5 
ΟΣ απ νειν ΝΎ see 5 
Greekitncscosse  reteccststne eens 4 
(CUMMING s. cccns desea see sesso eee 5 
International Private Law...... 5 
Datin’ ..iccsesosese:os-ecssnasaceseseas 
Opies Gols ΣΡ ΠΥ δ 
πη λυ ......::2..-cossstetees 4 
Moral Philosophy............++++++ 5 
Mental Diseases.. 5 
Mineralogy and “Cry ‘stallo- 
GQTAPNY es veces --cidesconecoeueescans 
Natural ἜΑ ΟΡΗΥ ΠΕ Υ τος 4 
Pathological Bacteriology ...... δ 
Plant Physiology Ls seaceteietoas 5 
ΕΘ ΤΟΙΣ τον το ποῖ, ποτ ΤῊΣ 5 
Procedure and Evidence........ 5 
Regional Anatomy ............-.5 5 
SWANGCY; sostccsessceccesteeseceteraaers 468 
Librarian, University........000..- 10 
Librarians, Assistant ................ 10 
Tibrary, University.<...:--.-0--rssss 40 
Regulations.........2...sse0 τ ες 42 
{756 ΟἿ. certecescsercverssreciereeee 43, 44 
Reading-Rooms\....4-..--sererssss 47 
Library, Theological .. 49 


Literate in Arts, Reg vulations for 154 


‘“M‘Ewan University Hall”...... 39 
Matriculationys:.c.-nseeseecsrsonecctns 27 
Sponsio Academica ..... . 28 
MEGS sasesss seers ncsecustecseetetecers 27 


Medical Council, epee n as in 16 

Medical Society, Royal.. 157 

Medical Students’ heist ‘As-_ 
sociation 


774 Index. 


PAGE | PAGK 
Medicine, MacultyaOl..c.issvcueseters 542 Medicine, Faculty of— 
Bursaries— Fellowships— 
Aibercromby (1) ..::.....2..+.:. 689 Goodsir ...... svovacwestenatnt 682, ore 
Aare (14!) eens thes ΠΤ ἢ 689 Leckie-Mactier .. cor 
Anderson: [Ὁ πῆ το τον saccenese 689 SYMON ὁ ἐρεῖν Σ᾿ 682, ΕΥ̓ 
Carlyle ΑΣἙ ((i7))sc scenes: 689 Open in 1896- 97... seat OUG 
Crichton (10)escee.tecemcessceee 689 | Prelim. Exam. in........- "598, ae 
<Sramti(Uil)ieoccecccsessectentercss OOO Papers for......... evasseanneee 648 
Griersoni(4) Secs. το ΡΣ 689 | Exams. exempting from...610 
Elerioti(9))scarcsts-nterecceccencesesOO0r| Time-Table and dates of 
AMICON {12}. πο ϑον τυ τ σεν oe 689 | BMNtrys on-scene seeeeee ..613 
Mackenzie (6) <...2..:-s.ss.eeens 689 Professional Education (New 
Mackie) (3))-.sc-s.tscccece cseeaces 689 Regulations) ..........6... 594 
Maclaurin’ (15) is το τεῖνον τς 689 | (Old) Witeeercteedessers ...«626 
Renton (1S) e2n-<cs-:cssseereeeees 689 Exams, in (New).............600 
Sibbald!s(2)\meestecssnssiseen ees 689 | i (Old) πο 632 
ahomsoni(5)issrcscncsas seers 689 Prof. Exams., Regulations 
Open in 1896-97 .......ssss0.-..,697 | for MLB, soko ἘΠ 
Class Prize ΤΒΡΝ. τ ποτε ΙΕ 568 | Honours in.. .-618 
Coursesiin ὁ. πεσε τι sees ὙΡΗ ἘΡ ΘΠ ΘΝΙ Time-Table and “Dates. “of 
SU BOM escesrns esti Seer entering’. ve. ον οτος 620, 636 
ie Practical... n.sscrseseOD01| D.Se., Regulations for . .,...608 
BOGANY τ sesasir-oscserecssererees 551 | Hixam) Τὸν ΜΠ 602 
Chemistry ΠΣ ΤΡ 290000008 | 3 Mi πο ΟΝ 
ῬΥΔΟΙΟΑΙ 1. ποῖοι τ 553 Papers for Prof. Exams. .....668 
Clinical Medicine............... 566 | Graduation ini. .:.....0.00s-+s0ss090 
"ΠΟΥ 5}. 547 of Women .... .....605 
Clinical SULP OLY see eee eee «20 Graduates i in, with Hon........ 642 
ΤᾺ ὙΠῸ ΟΣ51. τὴς 547 Graduates in, in 1895-96....... 644 
Comparative Embryology ...553 | M.D. Gold Medallists. ...637 
Diseases of Children........... 567 | M.D; 1895-96 πο 638 
Diseases of the Eye............ 567 Prizes— 
Materia Medica..............00007 Anderson-Henry .........060.. 5 
Medical Jurisprudence.......564 Beaney, c:-.cesaqsseoseaeees 694, 698 
Medicine, Practice of......... 560 Cameron... sesgmeeeeeeees 694, 698 
Mental Diseases ..............0 560 Dickson Travelling Fund.....356 
Midwiferyicscccpcostemercelesiecs 562 Dobbie-Smith............. 695, 698 
Natural History................551 HITS 22s icccseccenneoeemeotne 693, 698 
Ἢ Practical.. Pee Gold Medals for M.D. 
Batholopiync..encejacse cess seco Theses,, »,.....-1-.sceueentsane 693 
sp practical. )..ass--- 369 Goodsir 
IRD ΟΡ ΤΥ ΡΠ O04 Gra. 
Physiology.....+...0+-se0e0+++++-D56 Gunning 
Practical’.:....:...£ 556 Milner Fothergill............... 696 
Surgery ΡΣ ΣΟ ΤΡΟΣ 561 Neil Arnett. We 698 
Curriculum, Minimum for De- Pattison.. ΕΠ M008 
ἜΠΕΣΕ ΡΠ: 548 ἩΘΟΙΟΥΈ.. τ 941, 698 
Extra Academical Teachers. ...623 Edin. Univ. Club Meee 341 
Meosfor IXAMS! γνρυ τοῦτ υδοο τρῶς 619 Wightman .. ..693, 698 
Fellowships— Wilson. o2..::tececerenmsseetsemenee 693 
Freeland-Barbour..............683 Open in 1896-97 ..6.097 


cnet ἐνῷ 


ELSON? «8 


Index. 


PAGE | 

Medicine, Faculty of— 
Scholarships— 

IBC HANAN Gescecs ses eoe<ccese sens: 687 
Coldstream Memorial ......... 684 
ΘῈΠΟΒ ΘΠ. τιν τορι τι ιννεξεννας 688 
Dunlopy VANS) ττις κὐνρο νοις 685 
Hib eS Mercere τὴ το cesccbosices 683 
ETOP PBETIZO ἐτος doses /sateveebac~ 688 
Mackay smith): ,-..sc.ssccs-0- 688 
ΕΟ ΤΡ sacri cosas sees oc 688 
IMI EHISON en ππΠι(....ὕππ|μ 687 
SISO UL πε ue snaoceee PROEERRe 688 
Sibbald emecerccs acca τὺ 683 
teat opescriatariseetccesctsscsmacees 687 | 
PNR OMSONE Ne tetteacoesac.scccaaeee 684 | 
WanSWDUnIOp):32.)5...2c.cesseese 85 | 
Anatomy and Physiology 686 | 
Botany and Zoology........ 685 
Chemistry, Anatomy, and 
eySIGS].creecec cesses οὐδοῦ 8 
Materia Medica.............. 686 
Pathology and ode ΠῚ 
Jurisprudence ............ 
Physiology and Surgery 885 | 
Preliminary Subjects....... 685 
Opentiny896-97......5:....00--+ 696 | 
Research, Regulations for...606 | 
ISTOULASI 1) caso catcheecne a ee eneeP ERE 618 | 
Medical oa peers ies 
tion of.. 

IMIVISEMIMIS: ene ca ceteceswcsicessesccaces.- 9 
ΤΆΤ ΓΟ ΤΟ eee eee. sstetecwseseseens 52 
Botanic... . 51 
Chemistry . 62 
BUI OVAU bette <a <eaecessseccleesse ss s0 51 
SE OLOCICAIM MN πο ἰνιλος 51 
Materia Medica.................... 53 
ΙΒ ΟΝ a siiaasccasecoer: τ... 51 
NaturalgelisGOry: ......00.-.00<0.-+- 53 
Natural Philosophy............... 51 | 
Obstetricalteen.c.4.2ss6+c.:c-0-.-r0%- 53 
Physiological. .2.,..0s...s00... 08s 51 
Practice of Physic................. 51 
DDE CORY ἘΠ Το νον τυ το σε ξμονεν sere? τ 
ICO EES Olivers cence ον ἐν δον σον ονεῖνον 

Music, Faculty of.........:.. 4, 24, 699 
Programme of Classes and 

DIGGER Gacdant ascseneec Bada oer eACORee 699 | 
BxtzemistS s35;:ctesaccneshcsiaccese 700 | 
Graduation iN sryiaaccsscesceresscnse 701 
Exam. Papers for Degrees...... 705 | 


775 
PAGE 

Musie, Faculty of— 
Prelim. Exam. in.. 701, 703 


Dates of oe for and ce 


ment of Fees........... τ 
Scholarship in....... ΣΡ 718 
Musical Saas University....... 762 
New Foundations'.....:.:.......s0e0 714 


Officials of University...............001 


Parliamentary ele SSNS ap 


|) Patronsyof Chaitrsii.t.cesccess 2, 14, 15 
| Penalties for Breach of Discipline | a 
Philomathic, Society........-s0.+...... 
Photographic Society ............... 33 
Portraits of Professorsand Bene- 
FACTONS'....605.ccecesaccuecsestereeoreee 49 
Precedence of Faculties............ 30 
Principal .. ἘΠ 0 
Prize Lists, 1895- 96 
ΑΥ̓ΤῊ πλοῖον προ ae cna Saschertes 98 
Dh ipt sh tiny, ane nee ror BarERER Er eCoecocn 478 
WalWaeh acteses casusetcees eee nee 
Medicine xsccsssdectosocencecnenees 568 
IMMUISICI Fos conewstsc ene csastctsacctetneee 700 
WCICNCO 2.5: sess gsesmacsseunen ses aeee 391 
Professors, Addresses of............ XX 
Absence of, Regulations for.... 31 
Reading: ROom:..c.cssscsssceeesaenens 47 
in Univ. New Buildings......... 48 
Rector of University.............. Ἱ a 


Rectorial Election, Statistics of 756 
Registrar of University General 
Council 


COO cre Cee eee ee eS ccecncerscsceee 


9 
| Registn. of Members of Council.. 25 


Reid School of Music................ 40 
Representative in Farliament...1, 12 


| Research, Regs. for Special ἜΡΙΝ 
and 


122, 606 


Rifle Shooting Club.. 3 ..788 
Riotous Conduct, Penalties for... 29 
| Royal Medical Society sarees eee WEY) 
Royal Botanic Garden.............. 54 
Schoolmaster’s Diploma............ 153 
ῬΑΘΘΙΘΙΓΟΙ τ τππο τ ΠΣ 250 
Science, Faculty of— 
Bursaries— 
Buchanan’ ..o:sueressesesteenese es 470 


776 Lndex. 


2 PAGE | PAGE 
Science, Faculty of— Science, Faculty of— 
Bursaries— | Prizes— 
WASENTy. csc. σε ποτ ο δὲ τοι tees 470 | Dickson Travelling Fund ....470 
ἘΠΟυΙ διττήν ators stot 470 | Dobbie-Smith ........... 695, 698 
iamilesonh.ceseenecce ΤΠ 329, 334 ELliS:.:.0s.scsseccsevencssetecetereeee ale 
Ren tonttecessoscco us steer ΠΣ 470 | GIay. ..scis.ncectere 5 Ὁ"... 470 
Sibbald... ἐπ ΤΑΝ Gunning Victoria............... 470 
Vacant in 1896-97 ....6....... 470 Kelland.....c,-<cscosten-taceecusee eh 
Class, Prize, and Honours Lists 391 | Newton) <.c...severeecamicesemtens 470 
Classes and Fees, Programme Réctor’s \:.....-s-onceenaseaeeee 470 
ΡΣ ΤΡ ener OS Open in 1896-97. .............+06470 
Courses of Lectures in Pure Scholarships — 
Science— Arm ottiinccevsrmse secretes 466, 470 
IAS brONnOMYreeeeeceee orek core eee 377 Baxter (Sir D.)— 
Boban yactiicsecsmncccrosnensueeees 375 Natural Science..............463 
(Chemistry <src-<c<-cteconeeeecess 376 | Physical Science ............ 463 
Bmibry.olopayeencsc.-eeeere seer 374 Baxter of Balgavie ............ 468 
Geology, including Miner- Dickson Travelling Fund ....468 
BOD Yiesscscaee cock ser ecoRee entree 378 Gray..cl.cecshcet eee ee eee 468 
Human Anatomy, including Hope: Prize. πο 466, 470 
Anthropology... ...0-.ss8.0 377 Mackay Smith, in Chemistry 466 
Mathematics..........00.-.---0s¢ 914 Natural Philosophy... 
Mineralogy, &c. (Advanced) 377 ye Science (Exhibition 
Morphology of Vertebrata...375 Ὁ ΘΟ πο: πο Εν 467, 470 
Natural Philosophy............ 376 Steven’. .5ss2c.Uesossnetesseeseemeee 465 
ῬΉ ΨΕΙΟΙ ΟΡ ει τ 378 ΠΥΘΥΘΙ ΘΗ 467, 470 a 
Plant Physiology ............... 375 | Vans Dunlop— : 
LOOMS Y τι s20s5s00cerenescescosseules 374 Apricultute:ssesscaecessteances 464 
Courses in Applied Science. ...376 Chemistry .......-...-.- 464, 469 
Agriculture .. See ee ἢ Engineering ............ 465, 469 
Agricultural Chemistry .. ...387 | Mathematics: ...-)cateenceses 464 
Agricultural Entomology... 389 | Natural History, includ- 
Drawing and Mensuration...381 | Geol. and Bot. ............ 465 
Dynamics ..........00...+..3/6, 384 Natural Philosophy......... 464 
Economics bearing on Agric. 390 Open 1896-970 scs-eseeeeaeee 469 
Engineering... ...982 Graduation in Pure Science— 
Engineering Field Work.....382 Preliminary Examination....394 
Experimental Physics (Ad- Curriculum in......ssss000..-4+-396 
Vanced) 569. οὐ σευ τον, 6. 0. O91 Examinations for B.Sc........ 397 
ΠΟΥΘΗΡΕΝ ΤΣ. τ) seoeccee-eseentescOO0 | Courses for Final Exam......399 
BH S1C8Ieccstencsccnsesaeee sess tate 376 | Special Study and Research 400 
Public Health...... 381, 383, 385 | Research Fellows..........00... 401 
Laboratory Work 381, 383, 385 D.Sc., Regulations for........ 401 
Wamibabloniesct τον τε, τὴς. Ἐπ᾿ 385 | Graduation of Women ... «. 403 ἡ 
Veterinary Hygiene...........389 Outline of Examinations.....404 
Fellowships— Engineering, Regs. for B.Se.— 
Malconenitias esses oi. caesncccennoe 469 Preliminary Examination. ...407 
Or Ob τιν, τον νενος tte aie 469 Courses of Instruction........ 407 
Open in 1896-97............2.5.. 469 Examinations. «τος τος τεσ 409 
Prizes— | Τὸ 50. .1Ὸ..Ὁνς τοσοῦτο ΠΡ 410 
Anderson-Henry................ 695 | Outline of Examinations.....411 


Lndex. 


PAGE | 


Science, Faculty of— 
Public Health, Regs. for B.Sc.— 


@UETICMIUMGIN τ οτος τς οςτος ass 412 
Laboratory Work .. 414 
MS CME ἐπ᾿ 416 
Agriculture, B.Sc.— 
BTC terre ees narccesecsecesvcsass 417 
Courses of Instruction......... 417 
ESXAMINAGIONS «νος «τον νοσοιν τ 00s 419 
Outline of Subjects of Ex- 
AMMMALIOUSS. seccaracesoecese ἐς 420 
Fees for Examinations........ 424 
Dates of Examinations........ 425 
Examination Papers in Pure 
I CIOMCOM eis sn csekcc os 428-433 | 
in Engineering.....428-440 | 
in Public Health. .481-447 
in Agriculture.......... 454 
Τρ ἢ ΔΕ ΕΣ 461 


Degrees conferred, 1895-96..462 
Scots Law Society............0+....../00 
Senatus Academicus .. 
Scottish Inter-Univ ersity Rifle 

Match Competition ....,.......... 7 
Shinty Club 
Societies, University, and Clubs, 759 

NSS OCIAUCOMsnestcccessscecsssrsices 
Sponsio Acad. on Matriculation 28 

for Graduates in Arts............ 324 

for Graduates in Med............618 
Students, Matriculated, No. of... 28 

Representative Council............ 26 

Swiney Lectureship in Geology..468 


Teachers, Recognition of Extra 


Acad 33 


BERK eth || 


777 
PAGE 
Theological Library.............ss006 49 
Theological Society................+- 763 
Torrie Fine Art Collection........ 50 
| Union, University.-.:-.cs.sses-e-teee 756 
University Assistants ............... 5 
Buildings..7, τό 34 
Buildings Extension Scheme...758 
Committee of Privy Council .. a 
Constitutions,..cs.cciseessteseeseteee 
ΘΟ πα ss ee ΤΠ: τ 
C@rudelius: Hall ππ Ὸ- 7 
Curators τ ΤῊΣ 2, 1 


Endowment Association.. aa 757 
Examiners for Degrees, &e... 


AAT ΕΠ sees ” 39 

Uoibrar yuch ae cores eee ΕΝ ΤΣ 40 

WECtUNOTS: coc: <ctjese ibesceeeet er tiee 4 
Addresses of ..............- xxii 

ΜΉ σαν ΓΙ ΠῚ tees cceees 49 

Professors nen ns. ee 2,18 


Addressesiott προ x 
Addresses of Emeriti and 
Resigned Professors... 
Addresses of Lecturers.. 
Representative in Gen. Med. 


"xxii 


Council ΡΠ Ὁ ἢ Πρ οδόυς 10 
U.P. Students’ Society ............. 765 
Vice-Chancellor, το ne 
Warderstsscvets cssdcs eases reseenene 9 
Women’s Debating Society........ 765 
Women Students, Crudelius Re- 

sidences for... ....:.co-setsctseseouee 765 


‘ 


Advertisements. 


PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS 


MR ALEX. B. THOMSON, M.A., conducts Special Classes 
for Students preparing for the Medical, Arts and Science Pre- 
liminary Examinations. 


The Summer Course commences at the beginning of May, 
the Autumn Course towards the end of August, and the Winter 
Course in the middle of October. 


Mr THomson has had, for more than twenty years, constant 
experience in preparing Candidates for the Medical Preliminary, 
M.A., Army, Civil Service, London University, and other Exam- 
inations. 

Special Classes are also formed for Law Students preparing 
for the Examinations in General Knowledge. 

Mr TuHomson also reads with Students privately. 


PROSPECTUS ON APPLICATION. 
36 LAURISTON PLACE. 


MEDICAL PRELIMINARY: UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE: 
VETERINARY PRELIMINARY: GENERAL KNOWLEDGE : 


AND OTHER EXAMINATIONS. 


Mr J. D. CRAWFORD, M.A. (Edin.), 


PREPARES Candidates, in class and privately, for the above 
Examinations ; also for the Army, Pharmaceutical, and other 
Examinations, on Moderate Terms. 


RESULTS FOR 1895-6: 


30 Candidates passed out of 37 sent in. 


Edin. Univ. Prelim., April 1896—11 pupils passed 
out of 14 sent in. 


Prospectus, Terms, and References on Application. 


23 GEORGE IV. BRIDGE, EDINBURGH. 


Advertisements. 


UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 
FOR 
M.A., LL.B. and B.Sc, DEGREES, ARTS, SCIENCE, and 
MEDICAL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS, 


Woolwich, Sandhurst, Militia (further and technical), India and 
Home Civil Service Competitions, 


PREPARATION BY 
Mr JOHN FINLAISON, M.A. (Cantab. et Aberdonensis), 


Wrangler, Barrister-at-Law, and formerly Examiner for the Teachers’ Syndicate 
of the Universitu of Cambridge, and Assistant Examiner to 
H.M. Civil Service Commissioners, 


Certificated under the Department of Science and Art to teach Mathematics, 
Practical Plane and Solid Geometry, Astronomy, Navigation, Applied 
Mechanics, and Steam. 


Specialist in Mathematics, Philosophy, Law, and Constitutional and 
General History. 

Address—21 JEFFREY STREET, EDINBURGH. 

GILBERT J. FRENCH, 


BOLTON, LANCASHIRE, 


MANUFACTURER OF 


Church Furniture, 


CARPETS, ALTAR CLOTHS, 
Communion Linen, Surplices, & Robes, 


ECCLESIASTICAL, HERALDIC, 
AND EMBLEMATIC BANNERS, FLAGS, ETC. 


GOWNS from £1, 10s. to £10. 
CASSOCKS from £1 to £8. 


PATTERNS AND PRICE LIST ON 
APPLICATION. 


Advertisements. 


Skerry's Civil Service & Univ. Colleges. 


(FOUNDED 1878.) 


THE LITERARY INSTITUTE, 
26 SOUTH CLERK STREET, EDINBURGH. 


Secreta ry—W M . WA ΠΣ 


AND 


200-213 BUCHANAN STREET, GLASGOW. 
Secretary—GEO. STEWART. 
aor ep MOBY STRUTHERS, M.A., Bursar and Prizeman in Philosophy, 
ee Trained Cert. (1st Div.) Teacher. 
ee | GILBERT JOHNSTON, M.A., Trained Cert, (1st Div.) Teacher. 


Preparation in Class or by Correspondence 
FOR 


ALL UNIVERSITY 
PROFESSIONAL EXAMS. 
HOME AND FOREIGN APPOINTMENTS 


IN 
Iber Majesty’s Civil Service. 
ARTS PRELIM., B.Sc. PRELIM., MEDICAL PRELIM. AND PHARMA- 


CEUTICAL EXAMS. 


ASSISTANT SURVEYOR OF TAXES AND CIVIL SERVICE SECOND 
DIVISION CLERKS’ EXAMS. 


INDIAN CIVIL, CEYLON CADETSHIPS, STUDENT INTERPRETERS, AND 
BOARD OF TRADE EXAMS. 


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