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Canadian Entomologist

Vet M ibe XxX xXx V EL:

EDITED BY

Rey. C. J. S. Bethune, M.A., D.C.L.,F.RUS-C.

Professor of Entomology,
ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, ‘GUELPH.

EDITING COMMITTEE :

Dr. J. Fletcher, Ottawa ; H. H. Lyman, Montreal; J. D. Evans,
Trenton ; Prof. Lochhead, Ste. Anne de Bellevue,
P.Q.; G. E. Fisher, Burlington ; and J. B.
Williams, Toronto.

London, Ontario:

The London Printing and Lithographing Company, Limited

1906.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO VOL. XXXVIII.

J NUPSISVOU TOR CUD RRR eR Ee rs er ROCHESTER, MINN.
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EA ENED, Rus, Ve Come hoc. Cbnes Ts ditom\ie otitis cer ay ctsie oe see GUELPH, ONTARIO.

TBA CA INCOME OA MIY ERS SALE GSI Bie Ae eae a | ee ee oe Toronto

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DNENEAGED AR IRIS OMG SGr 6 Meo b and cusettle idee sents .WasuHincton, D. C.

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RScieeeN IOAN te IVI se Ieee, aegis a AE ke cl gctigs oy Si cik aalaMyasncn babgeeiar e's KINGSTON, JAMAICA.
(CULO SSNS H EXCH EAI OI Le8) CI 8 ns ee aca a _....NeEw Brunswick, N. J.
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ETO NV AAVES DD SnD) Ri se Oi oo) aR rf SR es en PN oN <......, +WaSHINGTON, D: C.
EUAV OLS oe GBY IN NAYS OUND cw Escisy aU ees vein reaches ahteh VID ovetspettsh NG GUELPH, ONT.

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SRILA Di 311 Fi BH) Ree a et WN Pd Us re a eva Te atin crs .... BROOKLYN, N. Y.

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The anaitian Foutomalogist

mor. XX X.V ILI. LONDON, JANUARY, 1906. No. 1

A NORTH AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGISTS’ UNION.*
BY HENRY H. LYMAN, M. A., MONTREAL.

When seven years ago I had the honour of occupying the Presiden-
tial chair of this Society, I ventured in my annual address, as some of you
will doubtless remember, to suggest the formation of a North American
Entomologists’ Union on similar lines to those on which the American
Ornithologists’ Union has been so successfully carried on ; and in my
second address the following year I again returned to the subject. I
hoped that the idea would be taken up by some of the leading entomolo-
gists of the continent, but though the matter has been, I believe, the
subject of correspondence among a number of eneomolontcts; nothing of a
tangible nature has, apparently, resulted.

Last year when in New York I was told that a move had been made,
and that I would soon receive a circular about it, but on a subsequent visit
this year I was told that owing to certain local jealousies the matter had
been, at least temporarily, abandoned.

It therefore appears to me opportune, as the original proposer of the
scheme, to again bring it before our Society, and through it before the
entomologists of the continent.

One thing which caused my thoughts to be again turned to this
subject was the reading of the very admirable article on Entomological
Riteratures by. Mr. C.F. -Baker, in the October number of
“ Entomological News.” If all our writers would use the same restrained
and courteous manner there would be no excuse for bickering and ill
feeling among entomologists. I entirely agree with Mr. Baker that
having so many publications devoted to general entomology, so that any
student in any branch has to refer to all of them, is a great evil and a
hindrance to the progress of original research in special lines ; but while
it is easy to see the evil, I fail to see how it can be remedied except by
the co-operation of entomologists in a Union such as I have suggested.

*Read at the Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of Ontario,
Guelph, Oct. 19, 1905.

2 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

I therefore desire to put before you very briefly some ideas which
have occurred to me on this subject, in the hope that they may prove of
interest.

In the first place full membership must be limited, as in the case of
the Royal Society of Canada, in order to make it a mark of distinction,
and so a coveted reward for eminence. But how is the selection to be
made without probable injustice to some and the certain wounding of
the susceptibilities of many ?

Do not attempt it. Begin with Associate Members only, which all
North American entomologists should be invited to become, and when
you have secured a goodly number, say not less than one hundred, have
a ballot by mail for a certain number of full members, no one to be
chosen as such unless he receives at least a majority of all the votes cast.

Fix a limit to the full membership, but do not try to fill the limit at
once ; let us feel our way and grow gradually, but once the limit has been
reached do not elect any more full members, except to fill vacancies which
may occur.

It would be well to set a moderate limit at first, as it would always be
possible to vote to enlarge the limit should it be found too restricted, but
it would be a very difficult matter to reduce the membership should it be
found to have been made too large in the first instance. ~

On the other hand, it should not be made too small, lest the cry of
‘clique ” be raised against it.

The happy mean should be aimed at in order that no one who had
not attained to some eminence should be a full member, so that member-
ship would be considered an honour.

I would also suggest having a limited number of honorary member-
ships to be voted to men of eminence in the science, but who through age
or infirmity were no longer able to continue active scientific work.

No guestion of amateur or professional should enter into the matter.
An amateur who attains to eminence in the science is, I claim, more
entitled to honour than a man to whom it is a profession by which he
earns his living.

When a sufficient number of members have been elected, they should
come together in an Annual Meeting and organize the Union, electing
the first officers, and at this point great care should be taken to secure
officers who would be universally acceptable.

The initial stage of every undertaking is often the most critical, and
in this case it is most important that there should be no appearance of the
Union being especially identified with any one locality, but that all sections
of the continent should be fairly represented.

;-3

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 3

More than that, however, is needed in order to render the scheme a
success, and one of the things of most vital importance is a comparatively
fuli attendance of members at the annual meetings or conventions,
Failure to attend three consecutive annual meetings should be considered
to constitute resignation of membership, and the seat of such member
should be declared vacant and filled by election from among the Associate
Members.

I have not yet touched upon the financial side of the question,
although that is very important. Unfortunately, some entomologists of
eminence are not very liberally paid, and have little or no private means,
and yet unless the majority of members attended the annual meetings the
Union would prove a failure. Most of the entomologists who would be
members are, I suppose, in official positions, and we might reasonably
expect that at least a portion of their expenses in attending the meetings
would be borne by the institutions with which they are connected,

Whether it would be possible to secure some sort of endowment from
one of the multi-millionaires of the continent I do not know, but it might
be worth attempting.

I have not in this paper made any reference to the matters with which
such a Union would deal. Some of these I suggested in my two presi-
dential addresses, and many others will readily occur to any one giving the
subject the slightest thought.

The great thing is to secure co-operation among the principal workers
in the science, and to eliminate all things which tend to dissension and
discord. If I could be of any assistance in the organization of such a
Union, I should be happy to do all I could.

DR. WILLIAM SAUNDERS, C. M. G:

His many friends in Canada and elsewhere will join with us in
offering very hearty congratulations to Dr. WILLIAM SAUNDERS upon the
distinguished honour that he has received from our gracious Sovereign
Kinc EpwarbD, in being made a Companion of the Order of St. Michael
and St. George. This honour is conferred only upon those who have
rendered eminent service to the Empire in some capacity or other. Few
men assuredly have done more for Canada than the Director of the
‘Experimental Farms of the Dominion in advancing and improving
-agriculture and fruit-growing in all their departments throughout the length
and breadth of the land, and especially in the Northwest Provinces. We
trust that Dr. Saunders will be preserved in health and strength for the
performance of his varied and arduous labours for many a year to come.

4 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

SOME NEW SPECIES OF HALICTUS.
BY J. C. CRAWFORD, DALLAS, TEXAS.

In the following descriptions the term sericeous or sericeously
roughened is applied to the silky lustre induced by the minute striation or
roughening of the surface.

FHlalictus Fedorensis, n. sp., §9.—Black, head and thorax closely,
finely punctate, clothed with rather abundant whitish pubescence ; facial
quadrangle longer than broad; clypeus shiny, sparsely punctured ;
antennze obscurely ferruginous beneath toward apex; mesothorax
sericeously roughened, median and parapsidal grooves obscure ; base of
metathorax sericeously roughened, finely striate, the strie not reaching
apex medially ; wings hyaline, nervures and stigma light testaceous ; legs
obscurely ferruginous, hind inner spur with four very oblique teeth ;
abdomen sparsely pubescent, base of segments two and three with lateral
hair patches ; segments closely, finely punctate ; broad apical margins
testaceous. |

Length, 7 mm.

Two specimens from Fedor, Texas, June 1, 1898; Nov. 11, 1897.
Rev. G. Birkmann collector. : Ree

In appearance most like arcuatus, aberrans, galpinsie, but differs
from all of them by the closely-punctate first abdominal segment.

Flalictus Robertsoni, n. sp., 9 .—Black, clothed with white pubes-
cence, and appearing powdery ; form narrow; head and thorax very
closely, finely punctured, clypeus sparsely so ; facial quadrangle longer
than broad ; flagellum obscurely ferruginous beneath ; mesothorax serice-
ously roughened ; disc of scutellum almost impunctate ; truncation of
metathorax heart-shaped, surrounded by a salient rim; from the upper
lateral edges of this carina salient carinas run forward, making a triangular
enclosure on the base of the metathorax ; enclosure very shiny, rather
coarsely irregularly rugose ; all of metathorax except enclosure covered
with close pubescence ; tegule large, dark, with .a light centre ; wings
smoky, nervures and stigma dark brown ; legs black, hind inner spur with
about six teeth, the basal three long ; abdomen shiny, with short, rather
thin whitish pubescence ; segments, except apical margins, closely, finely
punctured ; bases of segments two to four with bands of white appressed

pubescence, showing only as lateral hair patches if the abdomen is
contracted.
Length, about 7 mm.
Type, Victoria, Texas, Febr. 24, 1904. Crawford collector.
January, 1906.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 5

Most closely related to we/umbonis in the appearance ef the metathorax,
but is easily separated from that species by the much finer punctuation of
the mesothorax.

Dedicated to Mr. Charles Robertson, whose excellent descriptions
and notes on Illinois bees are of great value.

Flalictus Birkmanni, n. sp., 2.—Black, shiny, clothed with short,
glittering, white pubescence ; facial quadrangle about square ; face above
antennz with close but well-separated fine punctures; clypeus and
mandibles ferruginous; antenne beneath, including scape, testaceo-
ferruginous, above dusky ferruginous ; mesothorax sericeously roughened,
finely, sparsely punctured ; metathorax finely irregularly rugulose, not
reaching apex, behind this roughened, as are the pleura; tegule,
-tubercles and legs testaceous ; hind inner spur with five long teeth; wings
dusky, nervures and stigma dark brown ; abdomen shiny, apical margins
of segments narrowly testaceous ; segment one impunctate, bases of others
closely finely punctured, becoming impunctate apically, the depressed
apical margins of segments transversely striatulate; bases of segments two

.-and three. with white iateral hair patches.
-Length, 5 mm.

Fedor, Texas, March 24, 1902. Rev. G. Birkmann collector.

Easily distinguished from all the other black species by the testaceous
legs.

This species is dedicated to the Rev. Mr. Birkmann, from whom it
was received.

Ffalictus lineatulus, n. sp., 9 .—Head and thorax dark green or
-blue-green ; face broad, above antenne closely, deeply punctate, below

.yantenne, including clypeus, very sparsely and more coarsely so ; clypeus
anteriorly purple, supra-clypeal area coarseiy lineolate; antenne obscurely
ferruginous beneath; cheeks very ample; mesothorax shiny, coarsely
_lineolate, lineolation very apparent, with scattered setigerous punctures ;
median groove well impressed, parapsidal grooves distinct ; scutellum
closely punctate, punctures irregular in size, with two smooth shiny spots
on the disc; base of metathorax not enclosed, with strong, coarse, irregular
longitudinal striz reaching apex only laterally; medially not quite reaching
apex, and the intervening space roughened; mesopleura coarsely
roughened, metapleura finely so; truncation granulose, not surrounded by
a salient rim ; wings hyaline, nervures honey-colour, stigma at times more
brownish : tegule shiny dark brown ; legs brown, hind inner spur with

(=P)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

about four long teeth ; abdomen green, disc of first segment occasionally
showing brownish ; apical margins of segments broadly testaceous; whole
abdomen, except discs of 1 and 2, covered with close appressed brownish-
white pubescence ; segment 1 practically impunctate, 2 with base rather
closely, finely punctate ; lateral margins and venter with long brownish-
white hairs ; venter brownish-testaceous.

Length, 6-7 mm. .

Ten specimens, Ag. Coll., Mich., Oct. 4-11, 1893 (R. H. Wolcott).

Most ciosely related to zephyrus, Sm., but differs in its larger size,
stronger, more numerous ruge of metathorax, more coarse apparent
lineolation of mesothorax, much sparser punctuation of mesothorax,
lighter nervures, dark tibize (not testaceous at base and apex), abdomen
more densely pubescent and covering more of surface (confined to lateral
patches on 2 and 3 in sephyrus).

Halictus Pecosensis, n. sp., 9 .—Black, head and thorax clothed with
rather abundant griseous pubescence ; facial quadrangle wider than long ;
clypeus shiny, with large scattered punctures ; face sericeously roughened
with scattered very shallow oblique punctures below antennz, above
antennz becoming closely, finely punctate only in front of ocelli, but not
reaching orbital margins ; antenne entirely dark ; mesothorax sericeous,
closely, rather coarsely punctate ; median and parapsidal grooves obscure;
base of metathorax with close, coarse, irregular striz, not enclosed ;
truncation not entirely surrounded by a salient rim; legs black, hind inner
spur with three or four oblique almost obsolete serrations ; tegule dark,
with a light centre ; wings subhyaline, nervures and stigma testaceous ;
abdomen shiny, finely and sparsely punctate, segment one more sparsely
so ; bases of segments two and three with large lateral hair patches almost
connected medially on three.

Length, 614 mm.

Pecos, N. M., 7,200 feet, at flowers of Holodiscus australis, July 21.
W. P. Cockerell collector.

This species comes near the fectoralis group, but differs from any
of them in the much wider face; it also differs from fectoralis by its
punctate first segment, hair patches on segments two and three, strize of
metathorax much finer; from fectoralordes by the obsolete parapsidal
grooves, first segment punctate; from Aseudopectoradis by the first segment
punctate, closer punctures of mesothorax and the lighter nervures and
stigma,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ”

GUELPH BRANCH OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF
ONTARIO.

The third regular meeting of the Guelph Branch was held in the
Agricultural College on Wednesday evening, November 15th, 1905, with
20 members and 38 visitors in attendance.

Mr. E. J. Zavitz discussed the ‘‘Long-Horned Borers” (Cerambycidee),
pointing out some of the more salient characters of the family, describing
habits, methods of collecting, etc. Specimens of the work of Cerambycid
larve in solid living wood were shown. His remarks were also supple-
mented by exhibiting the 94 species represented in his cabinet, nearly all
of which were taken at Ridgeway, in Welland County, Ontario.

Mr. Douglas Weir presented notes on various species of insect-galls,
and showed slides made from his own photographs, illustrating about 20
species collected during the autumn in the vicinity of Guelph.

A brief review of Kellogg’s ‘“‘ American Insects” was given by Mr.
Sherman.

Mr. C. Cesar discussed “ Grasshoppers,” with special reference to
life-history and economy of the destructive species, natural enemies,
remedial measures, etc.

Brief discussion followed each of these papers.

The fourth regular meeting was held in the Agricultural College on
Wednesday evening, November 29th, 1905, with 21 members and 13
visitors in attendance.

_ Mr. B. Barlow discussed ‘‘ Mosquitoes,” giving his experiences in
collecting, breeding and methods of eradication. Specimens of egg masses

and larve were exhibited, and a lively discussion followed. Mr. T. D.
Jarvis gave a few notes on the Pitcher-plant Mosquito. About the middle
of November the larva of this mosquito was taken from the leaves of the
Pitcher-plant in the Arkell swamp, a few miles from Guelph. The larve
were living in the solid ice of the “ pitcher,” and when the ice melted they
became quite active.

A brief review of the current literature was given by Prof. Sherman.
Bulletins from Ohio, Washington, Maryland, and Central Experimental
Farm, were discussed.

Mr. C. R. Klinck discussed granary insects. He made collections
from granaries and mills around Guelph, and presented a large collection
of granary pests in different stages of development. Some of the common
species found were: Rice weevil, Granary weevil, Saw-toothed granary
weevil, Bean weevil, Pea weevil, Cow-pea weevil, Meal worms, Angoumois
grain moth, Indian meal moth, Indian snout moth and flour mite.

T. D. Jarvis, Secretary.

8 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

HALTICA RUFA, ILL:, AT MOUNT ST. HILAIRE, OUE:

I was out collecting at Mount St. Hilaire, Que., on the 27th June,
1905. After a long and tiresome walk through the woods, I came to a
small marshy piece of land in which several small willows were growing,
I immediately went to these bushes, expecting to get some Chrysomelide,
in which I was particularly interested. I shook several of the trees over
my net, and then examined what had fallen into it. My efforts were
greatly rewarded by the finding of one specimen of a reddish Chrysomelid,
which I at once placed in the Halticini group. I had never seen it in
any of my outings, and thought it was a good species. I brought my
capture to Mr. Stevenson’s attention, who was with me that day, and he
made a good search for another specimen. I do not know whether he
got some or not, but for my part I managed to get another specimen after |
hard labour.

When I returned home I mounted them on card points, with exact
data, and placed them in a special box, for future study.

It was only a month later that I succeeded in determining them. I
first consulted Mr. Wickham’s descriptions of the Chrysomelide of
Ontario and Quebec, in the CanapIAN Entomotocist, Vol. XXIX. A
rapid glance showed me that my insect was not described here, so I looked
up Dr. Horn’s Synopsis of the Halticint of North America, published
1889. It did not take me long to find that the name of my little beast
was Haltica rufa, I\)., an odd-looking AHa/tica indeed, and Dr. Horn is
certainly right in stating the following remarks in reference to it: ‘ This
insect seems to have some trouble in finding a permanent generic resting
place. Following the ‘ Catalogus,’ it is a Désonycha, while a species com-
pletely congeneric (and I think also specifically identical) has been
described in the ‘ Biologia’ as Lactica scutellaris. That it cannot be
referred to Zactica is evident from the character of the basal impression of
the thorax, and the choice is plainly between Désonycha and Haltica.
The latter genus has been chosen because there is a_ well-marked
ante-basal depression of the thorax, which is, however, said to occur in
Disonycha, but is not present in any of our species.”

Dr. Horn gives to this insect a wide range of distribution, being from
Massachusetts to Illinois, Florida and Texas, extending through Mexico
to South America. Ido not think it was ever known to be found in

Canada, and I thought, therefore, it would be of general interest to record

its capture here, G. CHAGNON, Montreal.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. g

CATALOGUE OF THE GENERA OF THE HEMIPTEROUS
PAMIGYOAP HibDAS, WTR THEIR FYPICAL SPECIES,
TOGETHER WITH A LIST OF THE SPECIES
DESCRIBED AS NEW FROM 1885
TO 1905.

BY G. W. KIRKALDY, HONOLULU.

(Continued from Vol. xxxvii, page 420.)

57- lychea, Koch, 1857, Pflanzenlause, 296, t. graminis, Koch.*
58. Smynthurodes, Westwood, 1849, Gardener’s Chron., 420, t. beta,
Westw.
59. Forda, Heyden, 1837, Mus. Senckenberg, II, 291, t. formicaria, Heyd.
= Rhizoterus, Hartig, 1841, Zeitschr. Ent., III, 363, t. vacca, Hartig,
=formicaria, Heyd.
60. Pentaphis, Horvath, 1896, Wien. Ent. Zeit., XV, 2, t. marginata
(Koch)* (0).
61. Hamamelistes, Shimer, 1867, Tr. Amer. Ent. Soc., I, 283, t. spzmosus,
Shimer*.
= Tetraphis, Horvath, 1896, Wien. Ent. Zeit, XV, 6, t. detulina,
Horv.
62. Hamadryaphis, Kirkaldy, 1904, Entom., XXXVI, 279.
=||;Kessleria, Lichtenstein, 1885, Mon. peupl., 16, t. spirothece
(Pass: )*:
63. Dryopeia, Kirkaldy, 1904, Entom , XXXVII, 279.
=||Endeis, Koch, 1857, Pflanzenlause, 312, t. ded/a, Koch*.
= Eudeis, Ashmead, 1889, Ent. Amer., V, 189.
64. ||Amycla, Koch, 1857, Pflanzenlause, 301, t. fuscifrons, Koch* |appar-
ently not a valid genus].
Subfamily 5.— PAilloxerine.
65. Adelges, ¢Vallot, 1836, C. R. Ac. Dijon, 224, t. /aricis.
= ;Sacciphantes, Ruricola [ =Curtis], 1844, Gardener’s Chron., IV,
831, t. abietis (L.), Curtis.
= Agelges (!) Schaum, 1854, Bericht Ent. for 1852, 143.
= Anisophleba, Koch, 1857, Pflanzenlause, 320, t. hamadryas.
=|\Chermes, Passerini, 1860, Gli Afidi, 30, t. adzetis, (L.), Pass.
=7Phlceophthiridium, Van der Hoeven, 1849, Handb. Dierkunde, I,
509, type?
= Pineus, Shimer, 1869, Tr. Amer. Ent. Soc., II, 383, t. pzntcorticis,
Shimer.
(0) Kholodkovsky regards 59, 60 and 57 as synonyms,
January, 1906,

10

606.

67.

72.

13°

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

= +Chermaphis, Maskell, 1884, N. Zealand, J. Sci., II, 292, t. pind.

= Kermaphis, Maskell, 1885, Tr. N. Zealand Inst, XVII, 16, t. pazz.

Astegopteryx, Karsch, 1890, Ber. deutsch. Botan. Ges., VIII, 51, t.
styracophila, Karsch.

Philloxera (and Phylloxera), Boyer, 1834, Ann. France, III], 222, t.
guercus.

=Acanthochermes, Kollar, 1848, S. B. Akad. Wiss., Wien., I, heft 3,
p. 18, t. guercus, Kollar.

=7Peritymbia, Westwood, 1863, Gard. Chron., 584, t. wétisana
(= vastatrix).

=7Daktulosphaira, Shimer, 1866, Prairie Farmer, XXXIV, 365, t.
vitifolie, Shimer.

=; Viteus, Shimer, 1867;. Tr. Ac.~.Nat. Set., -Philad., 2cix ose
vitifolie, Shimer.

=Dactylospheera, Shimer, 1867, op. «., t. g/odbosum.

=7Psvlloptera, Ferrari, 1872, Ann. Mus. Genova, II, 85. t. guercina.

==+Rhizaphis, Planchon and Lichtenstein, 1877, Ann. Belg., XIX,? t.?

—Rhizocera, T. W. Kirk, 1897, New Zealand, Dept. Agr., Leaflets
for Gardeners, 20, p. 3.

DcuBTFUL POSITION.

. tTermitaphis, Wasmann, 1902, Tijdschr. Ent., XLV, 105, t. circum-

vallata, Wasm.

. }Polyocellaria, Imhof, 1900, Biol. Centralblatt, XX, 527 [no species

named, according to Zool. Record] (a).

, Oregma,. Buckton, 1893,: Ind. .Mus:, Notes, l= GNo.-2<" (83a

bambuse, Buckton.

. Atheroides, Haliday, 1839, Aun. Nat. Hist., II, 189, t. serrudatus,

Hak

}Pentaionia, Coquerel, 1860, Ann. France (3), VII, 239, t. zigroner-
vosa, Coq.

+ Leptopteryx, Zetterstedt (71838), Ins. Lapp., 625, t. zzvadis, Zett. (p).

GENERA NOT DESCRIBED.

Toxares, T, A. Williams, 1891, Spec. Bull. Univ. Nebraska, 26.

Doralis and Pharalis [not Palaris|, Leach and Risso, in Risso, 1826,
Hist. Nat. Eur. Meérid, V, 217.

(a) Described as allied to Orthezia, but placed in Zool. Record among

Aphidz.

(p) Sec. Bergtsson (ig02, Wien. E. Zeit., 150), = probably | Aphis puncti-

pennis, Zett.,.a species not recorded by Lichtenstein.

4
¥
e
Re
.

Sp.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 11

(B). ‘* New species and varieties,” 1885-1905.

Gen. 1.—Macrosiphum.

. agrimoniella (Nectarophora), Cockerell, 1903, Canad. Ent.,

XXXV, 168.

2. artemisize (N.), Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 123.

. artocarpi (Siphonophora), Westwood, 1890, T. E. S., London,

649.

. asclepiadis (N.), Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 123.
. avenivorum, Kirkaldy, 1905, Entom., XX XVIII, 132 (n. n. for

granaria, Buckton, nec Kirby).
baccharidis (N.), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent., XX XV, 252.
californica (N.) Clarke, |. c.
caudata,t Pergande, 1900, T. Ac., Washington, II, 513.
chrysanthemi (S.), Oestlund, 1886, Report 22.
corallorhize (N.), Cockerell, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 167.

. corydalis (S.), Oestlund, 1886, Report 25.

cynosbati (N.), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 81.

. destructor (N.), Johnson, 1900, Canad. Ent., XXXII, 56.
. epilobii,f Pergande, 1900, T. Ac., Washington, IJ, 515.

. frigid (S.), Oestlund, 1886, Report 20.

. fulvee (N.), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 80.

. funesta (S.), Macchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 67.

. geranii (N.), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 80.

. heleniella (N.), Cockerell, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 169.
. jasmini (N.), Clarke, 1903, op. c., 252.

. insularis,t Pergande, 1900, T. Ac., Washington, IT, 515.
. ludoviciane (S.), Oestlund, 1886, Report 23.

. lycopersici (N.), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 252.
. Martini (N.), Cockerell, 1903, op. c., 169.

. pallida (N.), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 84.

. poee (S.), Macchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 62.

. potentille (N.), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 83.

. purpurascens (N.), Oestlund, 1887, op. c., 8.

. rhamni (N,), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 252.

. rudbeckiarum (N.), Cockerell, 1903, op. ¢., 168.

. tabaci (N.), Pergande, 1898, op. c., XXX, 300.

. trifolii, Pergande, 1904, Bull U.S. Ent., 44: 21.

. valerianie (N.), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 252,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

Gen. 4.—LVectarosiphum.
rhinanthi, Schouteden, 1903, Zool. Anz., XXVI, 687.

. rubicola (Macrosiphum), Oestlund, 1886, Report 27.

Gen. 6.—Rhopalosiphum.

. Grabhami, Cockerell, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 342.

. nabali, Oestlund, 1886, Report 34.

. serotine, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 76.

. sonchi, Oestlund, 1886, Report 34 (—dianthi (Schrank) ).
. Viole, Pergande, 1900, Canad. Ent., XXII, 29.

Gen. 10.—A/yzus.

. ajugze, Schouteden, 1903, Ann. Belg., XLVIL, 194.
. eloreagni, Guercio, 1894,t Nat. Sicil., XIII, 197.
3. junackianus, Karsch, 1887, Berlin Ent. Zeit., XXXI, Sitzb.,

p. XX1.

. malvee, Oestlund, 1886, Report 30 (=achyrantes (Monell) ).

. phenax, Cockerell, 1903, T. Amer. E. S., XXIX, r15.

. potentilla, Oestlund, 1886, Report 30 (= rosarum (Walker) ).
. targionii,t Guercio, 1894, Nat. Sicil., XIII, 197.

. thezecola, Buckton, 1891, Ind. Mus. Notes, II, 33 (Ceylonia).

Gen. 11.—Hyalopterus.

. phragmitidicola (Aphis), Oestlund, 1886, Report 44 (—arundinis,

Fabr.)
Gen. 13.—Apiis.

. adianti (Siphonophora), Oestlund, 1886, Report 26.
. adusta, Zehntner, 1897, Archief voor Java Suikerindustrie, V

(No. 10), p. ?

. ageratoidis, Oestlund, 1886, Report 38.
. alamedensis, Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent, XXXV, 249.

albipes, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 52.

. annue, Oestlund, 1886, Report 43.
. atronitens, Cockerell, 1903, Tr. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXIX, 115.
. Bakeri, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 118.

brunnea, {Macchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 61.

. brunelle, Schouteden, 1903, Ann. Belg., XLVIT, 194.
. ceanothi, Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent, XXXV, 250.

. cephalicola, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 118,

. chenopodii, Cowen, op. c., 119.

. crithmi, Buckton, 1886, T. Ent. S., London, 323.

os.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 13

64. cymbalariz, Schouteden, 1goo, Ann. Belg., XLIV, 123.

65. erlogoni, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 119.

66. eupatorii, Oestlund, 1886, Report 39.

67. Forbesi, Weed, 1889, Bull. Ohio Agr. Sta., II, No. 6 :148.

68. frigide, Oestlund, 1886, Report 46.

69. frondosz, Oestlund, op. c, 38.

70. Gillettei, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 120.

71. heliotropii, tMacchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 59.

72. heraclii, Cowen, 1895. Colorado, 120.

73. leontopodii, Schouteden, 1903, Ann. Belg., XLVII, 195.

74. maculate, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 6r.

75. maidiradicis, Forbes, 1891, Rep. State Ent., Illinois, XVII. 64.

76. marute, Oestlund, 1886, Report 4o.

77. mentheradicis, Cowen, 1595, Colorado, 121.

78. mimull, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 57.

79. monarde, Oestlund, op. c., 58.

80. mori, Clarke, 1893, Canad. Ent., XXXV, 250.

81. neilliz, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 59.

82. ochrocentri, Cockerell, 1903, Ent. News, XIV, 248.

83. cenotherze, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 62.

84. oxybaphi, Oestland, 1887, Buli. 62.

85. persiceeniger, E. F. Smith, 1890, Ent. Amer., VI, ror.

86. polygoni, tTMacchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 63.

87. ripariz, Oestlund, 1886, Report 41.

8%. robiniz, fMacchiati, 1885, Bull. Ital., 65.

89. rociade, Cockerell, 1903, Tr. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXIX, 115.

go. rubicola, Oestlund, 1887, Bull 60.

gt. sacchari, Zehntner, 1897, Archief Java Suikerindustrie, V, No.
FO,. Po?

g2. spireeze, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 68.

93. ||spireeee (q), Schouteden, 1902, Zool. Anz., XXV, 656.

94. suberis, {Tavares, 1903, An. Soc. Nat. Porto, VII, 83.

95. tetrapteralis, {Cockerell, 1902, Bull. S. Calif. Ac. Sci., 140. (I
have only seen an unpaged separate.)

96. tamaricis, Lichtenstein, 1885, Bull. France (6), V, p. CLXXIX.

97. thaspu, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 58.

98. trifolii, Oestlund, op. c., 55.

(q) =Schoutedeni, n. n,

14

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Ito.

IIl.

TL2:
K13;
IT4.

. valerianee, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, t2t.

. veratri, Cowen, op. c., 122.

. viol, Schouteden, 1900, Ann. Belg., LXIV, 127.
. yuccee, Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 1 22.

Gen. 14.—Hyadaphis.

. archangelicz (Siphocoryne), Oestlund, 1886, Report 36.

Gen. 16.—Aristaphis.

. beulahensis (Cladobius), Cockerell, 1904, Canad. Ent., XXXVI,

263.
Gen. 17.-—Aelanoxantherium.

. bicolor (Melanoxanthus), Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 36.
. flocculosus (Melanoxanthus), Weed, 1891, Insect Life, III, 291.

Gen. 18..—Lrachycolus.

. Korotnewi, Mordvilko —?—.

Gen. 19.—Cryptosiphum.

. Nerli, Perez, 1902, Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital., N. S., VIII, 441.

Gen. 20.—Pergandeida.

. ononidis, Schouteden, 1903, Zool. Anz, XXVI, 686.

Gen. 21.—Microsiphum.
ptarmice, Kholodovsky, 1902, Isviestiya S. Peterb. Liesn. Inst.,
53 (Sep. 5 !).
Gen. 22.—Chaitophorus.
lyropictus, }Kessler, 1887, Nov. Act. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur.,
| De ws
maculatus, Buckton, 1899, Ind. Mus. Notes, IV, 277.
nigrae, Oestlund, 1886, Report 49.
spinosus, Oestlund, 1. c.
Gen. 24.—Sipha.

. Schoutedeni, Guercio, rg00, Ann. Belg., XLIV, 134.

Gen. 26.—Kallistaphis.

. arundicolens (Callipterus), Clarke, 1903, Canad. Ent., XXXV,

249.

. giganteus (Callipterus), Kholodovsky, 1899, Zool. Anz., XXII,

474.
Gen. 32.—Stomaphis.
Graffii, Kholodovsky, +1894; Bull. Soc. Nat., Moscow, 4or [Sep.
pen

. macrorhyncha, Kholodkovsky, op. c., 402 [Sep. 3 !].

A gd ie, a

145;

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 15

Gen. 33.—Lachunus.

. abieticola, Kholodkovsky, 1899, Zool. Anz., XXII, 470.

. bogdanowi, Mordvilko, 1895, op. c., XVIII, 97.

. cembre, Kholodkovsky, 1892, op. c., XV, 74 (as var. of pini).

. curtipilosa, Mordvilko, 1895, op. c., XVIII, roo (as var. of

pineus).

. farinosus, Kholodkvosky, 1891, Vistn. Yestyestv., No. 8, p. 5

[Sep. ].

. flavus, Mordvilko, 1895, Zool. Anz., XVIII, toz.
. fuliginosus, Buckton, 1891, Ind. Mus. Notes, II, 41.
. juniperinus, Mordvilko, 1895, Zool. Anz., XVIII, roz.

maculosus, Kholodkovsky, 1899, op. c., XXII, 469.

. persicze, Kholodkovsky, op. c., 472.

. piceicola, Kholodovsky, 1896, op. c., XIX, 148.

. pichte Mordvilko, 1895, op. c., XVIII, 103.

. pineus, Mordvilko, op. c., 100 (var. of hyperophila, Koch).
. pinihabitans, Mordvilko, op. c., 98.

. py, Buckton, 1899, Ind. Mus. Notes, IV, 275.

. rose, Kholodvosky, 1899, Zgol. Anz., XXII, 471.

. viridescens, Kholodovsky, 1896, op. c., XIX, 509.

Gen. 36 and 37.—£riosoma and Schizoneura (tr).

. crategi, Oestiund, 1887, Bull. 27.
. glossulariz, +Taschenberg, 1887, Verh. blatt. deutsch. Pomol.

Ver., 86.

. graminis, +Guercis, 1895, Nat. Sicil., XV, 84.
. Karschii, Lichtenstein, 1886, Entom. Nachr., 82.
. obliqua, Kholodovsky, 1896, Zool. Anz., XIX; 259.

Gen. 42.— Colopha.

. rossica, Kholodkovsky, 1897, Zool. Anz., XX, 146.

Gen. 45.—Geoica.

. cyperi, Schouteden, 1902, Zool. Anz., XXV, 656.
. squamosa, Hart, 1894, Rep. Ins. Illinois, XVIII, 95.

Gen. 46.— Hormaphis.
papyracee, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 19.
Gen, 47.—Lyrsocrypta.

145. alni (Pemphigus), Provancher, 1890, }Faune Canad. Hém., 320.

e

(r) The following 5 were all described as Schizoneura, some may be

Eriosoma.

164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.

170;
Lf i

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

. attenuatus (P.), Osborn and Sirrine, 1893, Ins. Life, V, 235 [also

described as “new” in 1895, P. lowa Ac. |.

. bet (P.), Doane, 1900, Ent. News. XI, 391.

. coccus (P.), Buckton, 18809, Tr. Linn. Soc., London (2), V, 142.
. corrugatans (P.). Sirrine, 1894, P. Iowa Ac., I, 129.

. edificator (P.), Buckton, 1893, Ind. Mus. Notes, III, No. 1: 72.
. hederz (P.), Horvath, 1894, Rev. Entom. Franc, XIII, 188.

. immunis (P.), Buckton, 1896, Ind. Mus. Notes, 1V, 51.

. lucifuga (Tetraneura), Zehntner, 1897, Archief voor Java

Suikerind, V, No. 10, p. ?.

. napeus (P.), Buckton, op. c., 50.

. populi-conduplifolius (P.), Cowen, 1895, Colorado, 115.

. protospire, Lichtenstein, 1885, tMon. peupl., 31.

. Riccobonil, Stefani, 1899, 7 Riv. Ital. Sci. Nat., XIX, p. 1.

. saccarata, Guercio, 1895, {Nat. Sicil., XIV, 88 (as var. of

fuscifrons).

. spiriformis, Lichtenstein, 1885, {Mon. peupl., 25.

Gen. 51.—RAizobius.

. jujube, Buckton, 1899, Ind. Mus. Notes, IV, 277 (s).]

Gen. 52.—RAizoctonus.

. ampelinus, Mokrzhetsky, 1896, Trudy Russk. Entom., XXX, 438.

Gen. 54.— Vacuna.

. betulina (Thelaxes), Buckton, 1886, T. E. S., London, 326.

Gen. 56.— Cerataphis.

. lanigera (Ceratovacuna), Zehntner, 1897, Archief Java Suikerin-

dustrie, V, No. to, p. ?.

Gen. 57.— Zychea.
brevicornis, Hart, 1894, Rep. Ins. Illinois, XVIII, 97.
crassa, W. P. Cockerell, 1903, Psyche, X, 218.
groenlandica, {Ribsaamen, 1898, Bibl. Zool., XX, 115.
lastt, W.>P. ‘Cockerell; 1903, Psyehe, x, 207.
pallidula, W. P. Cockerell, 1. c.
radicola, Oestlund, 1886, Report 56.

Gen. 59.—Forda.
interjécti, W. P. Cockerell, 1903, Psyche, X, 217.
Kingii,. W. P. Cockerell, op. c., 216.

(s) Previously described in 1883 by same author in Mon. Brit. Aph., IV.,
181 ; isa Coccid Sec., Cockerell & Fernald.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 17

172. occidentalis, Hart, 1894, Rep. Ins. Illinois, XVIII, 95.
; Gen. 61.—Hammamelistes.
173. betulina (Tetraphis), Horvath, 1896, Wien. Ent. Zeit., XV :6.
Gen. 63.—Adelges.
174. bouvieri (Chermes), Kholodkovsky, 1903, Zool. Anz., XXVI,
259 (as var. of picez).
175. lapponicus (C.), Kholodkovsky, 1889, op. c, XII, 390.
176. pineoides (C.), Kholodkovsky, 1903, op. c., XXVI, 263 (as var.
of picez).
177. precox (C.) Kholodkovsky, 1896, Trudy Russk. Entom., XXXI,
p- 2 [Sepy 52 !].
178. sibiricus (C.), Kholodkovsky, 1889, Zool. Anz., XII. 388.
179. taxi (C.), Buckton, 1886, T. E. S., London, 327.
189. viridanus (C.), Kholodkovsky, 1896, Zool. Anz., XIX, 39.
Gen. 66.—Astegopteryx.
181. styracophila, Karsch, 1891, Ber. deutsche Botan. Ges., VIII., 52.
Gen. 67.— Philloxera.
182. piri, Kholodovsky, 1903, Zool. Anz, XXVII, 118.
183. prolifera, Oestlund, 1887, Bull. 16.
; Gen. 68.— Termitaphis,
184. circumvallata, Wasmann, tgo2, Tijdschr. Ent., XLV, ro5.
Gen. 71.—Oregmia. .
185. bambusz, Buckton, 1893, Ind. Mus. Notes, III, No. 2: 87.
Accidentally omitted in foregoing list :
Gen. 3.—FPhorodon.
186. calaminthz, {Macchiati, 1885, Bull., Ital., 54.
Gen. 6.—Rhopalosiphum.
187. acenz, Schouteden, 1904, Hamburg. Magalh. Sammelr. Aphiden,
P. 4 (t).
; Gen. 9.—MWastopoda.
188. pteridis, Oestlund, 1887, Report 53.
Gen. 10.—A/yzus.
189. Michaelseni, Schouteden, 1904, Hamb. Mag. Samm. Aph., 3.

(t) Doubtless a separate from some periodical, but no information is given

in the paper.

I: eae THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Gen. 13.—Aphis.
190. polanisiz, Oestlund, 1886, Report 42.

P. S.—Since the above was in print, my friend, Dr. Horvath, has

been so good as to reply to a letter of mine and furnish me with the
following references :

CLAVIGERUS, Szépligeti, 1883. Rovaraszati Lapok, I, p. 4; type
salicts, Kalt.

Brapyapuis, Mordvilko, 1594-5. Faun. Anat. Aphid., p. 46;
type antennata, Kalt.

Symybosius, Mordv., op. c., 54; type ob/ongus, Heyd.

Neither of these papers is mentioned in the “ Zoological Record” or
in the ‘Bericht der Entomologie,” the one being in Russian and the other
in Magyar. ‘The now defunct “Rovaraszati Lapok” existed for a single
year only (1883) and should not be confused with the current “Rovartani
Lapok.” The title of the Russian work is given me by Dr. Horvath as
“K. Faunye i Anatomii sem. Aphidide Privisliavskago Kraja. Varshava,
1894-5.” .

TWO NEW ONCIDERES, WITH NOTES ON SOME OTHER
COLEOPTERA.
BY CHAS. SCHAEFFER, MUSEUM OF THE BROOKLYN INSTITUTE OF ARTS
AND SCIENCES, BROOKLYN, N. Y.

A fine large Oncideres, which agrees very well with the description
of Thomson’s fesseda’us, was sent me lately for identification by Prof.
Snow, who collected this fine addition to our fauna in S. Arizona this year.
The occurrence of this species in our fauna gives me the opportunity to
make known another large Oncideres from Texas, apparently new, which
belongs with fessedatus to the sub-genus Lochmeocles. Following. I give
also a new synoptic table, as I never derived great satisfaction from the
one given by Dr. Hamilton,* who suppresses putafor, but allows Zexana
to remain. My material is not very extensive, but to me jutator seems
to be more distinct than Zexana, though an extensive series from inter-
mediate localities may show that they are only extreme forms of cingu/ata.

Thorax as wide behind the lateral tubercle_as before, ¢ with antennal
tubercies prolonged at apex into distinct porrect horns. (Sub-
Bens: Lock maeucles?) vr .seee ahs Ses vay « aba Ge his ae RTs gc ones see

*Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., XXIII, p: 140.

January, 1906

Fr

betel oy fet

Fr

eg

i el "

os

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 19

yao)
RCI OUGENSTenOMD-CONUS, Oc deres.) oo. ic wes ssl ecu ha eee De

Thorax narrower behind the lateral tubercle than before, ¢ without por-

t. Light brown, not very densely clothed with uniform brownish cinereous
hairs ; elytra ornamented with a number of small rounded ochreous
spots, base with from 4 to 6 small blackish granulations, the elytral
punctures covered by the pubescence ................cornuticeps.

Black or piceous, more densely covered with white pubescence,

especially the under side; elytra with a number of reddish-yellow
spots, at sides about middle, a more or less distinct oblique fascia
of denser white hairs, the fascia without reddish-yellow spots, basal
third ofelytra with a number of black shining granules, the punc-
tures below these glabrous, shining, not covered by

PCC Ce teenie ee MEME rks asda 0 “eue an vals) ogi os = « idee.» BESSCHLUS.

2. Large robust species, elytra with a number of round, slightly elevated,
shining black spots, which are at base granuliform .....Azstu/atus.

Smaller species, elytra without black denuded spots, but with a number
of small, rounded, cinereous or ye!lowish spots, formed by denser
“ (UIBYESTERTE SEY Us, Be ote oe ee ie

3. The small pubescent spots at middle of elytra white, head, base of
elytra and legs densely covered with ochreous pubescence ; form
narrower and more elongate than cemgulata..............quercus.

The small pubescent spots at middle of elytra yellow or ochreous,
pubescence of head not dense, yellowish or luteous, legs not very
densely pubescent with cinereous hairs and, if at ail, very sparsely
intermixed with yellow hairs. pe EP? aa ma Rae

4. Disk of thorax with 3 denuded eee spots, placed transversely,
lateral spine small, though distinct ; elytra coarsely, densely punctate,
with a number of granules at base, colour black or blackish-

POEM on seni aiin savy ata -< 3 dhs Steere Petey dita -LUkatan:
Disk of thorax without 3 denuded spots, sometimes with a small
glabrous median line; elytral punctuation more sparse, without or
waimeaemost-very few granules aby Dase .j4 ..5.5 . 2. da. easel se 5.

5. Tubercles at sides of thorax distinct, colour dark brown, median fascia
of elytra white (in fresh specimens)........00.... 0.0... Texana.

Tubercles at sides of thorax absent or very feeble, colour reddish-

brown or luteous, median fascia cinereous.. ...........clugulata.

20) THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Oncideres cornuticeps, 0. Sp.—Short, robust, nearly of the same form
as pustu/atus ; colour very light brown, pubescence fine, not coarse, per-
mitting the shining surface of elytra to be seen, brownish-cinereous inter-
mixed with denser ochreous pubescence above, forming numerous small
spots on elytra and two on disk of thorax; the latter are situated on each
side of the median glabrous space. Antennal tubercles prolonged at apex
into distinct porrect spines. Thorax broader than long, as broad behind
as before the distinct lateral spine; disk slightly uneven, with a few
punctures at base and on side tubercles, at middle a small glabrous space,
which is obsolete towards apex. Elytra slightly narrowing to apex from
the shining humeral tubercle, which is situated at side, a little below the
base ; punctuation sparse and nearly uniform throughout, the punctures
only slightly smaller towards apex, and are not glabrous, but covered by
the pubescence, at base are about 4 or 6 small shining granules on each
elytron. Abdomen shining, more densely clothed with longer hairs than
the upper surface, each segment with two denuded round spots on each
side. J.ength, including the frontal horns, 20 mm. One male labelled
Texas in collection Dietz.

Lypsimena tigrina, Skinner, Ent. News, XVI, p. 291.—The descrip-
tion of this beetle is unsatisfactorily short and insufficient, and does not
give any idea of the general form and other important characters,
especially troublesome if the species is placed in a wrong genus, which I
believe is the case here.

In Lepidoptera, where the species differ very littie in shape, etc.,
colour and markings are considered important in separating species, but
in Coleoptera, where, with very few exceptions, the species in a genus differ
from each other either in general form, form of thorax and elytra,
structure or sculpture of the under side, head, antenne, legs, or some other
character, colour and markings are considered secondary.

I cannot find among my Arizona material a Lyfsimena, but have
taken a few specimens of an Zsfo/a, which I think is the same as the
Doctor’s Z tigrina. Itis a longer and less robust insect that the Lower
Californian sordida, but agrees with it in all generic characters, except that
the lower lobe of the eyes is longer, which we find in some Mexican
species also. The armed thorax removes it from Lyfsimena at once,
besides other characters.

The linear black dashes on the elytra are subject to variation, they
have a tendency to become longitudinally confluent, and the four post-

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 21

median ones also transversely confluent, forming in some specimens a
black fascia of irregular outline.

The size and markings of my insect agree with the Doctor’s descrip-
tion, and ] have no doubt that this is the species, but in case it should
prove different I propose the name of Lsfo/a ficta for it.

Byrsopolis lanigera, Bates.—Dr. Skinner, l.c., records the occurrence
of this species. I have taken several specimens of this species, but the
déseription of Byrsopolis Chihuahue fits our insect better. &B. lanigera
has the clypeus ‘‘sinuatim angustato, apice quadratim sublobato, reflexo,
truncato,” anterior angles of thorax “nullo modo productis,” basal margin
subinterrupted, all characters which my specimens do not possess, while
B. Chihuahue has the clypeus “triangularis, lateribus leviter sinuatis,
apice medio acuminato-reflexo,” anterior angles of thorax ‘‘subacutis,’
basai margin “omnino integro.” Our insect has all these characters, and
I had identified it as that species already.

Cymatodera tricolor, Skinner, |.c.—I have taken several specimens
of this species, but in all my specimens the “head and outer third of the
thorax” is not dark green, but black or blackish. The colour of the head
and :thorax is variable. I have one specimen which has the head and
thorax reddish-testaceous, and another specimen has the head and the
greater part of thorax black, with only the base narrowly reddish.

My specimens are mounted on cards yet, otherwise I would give here
the abdominal, antennal and other characters, so important in this trouble-
some genus, which are passed in silence in the description.

Clerus bimaculatus, Skinner, |.c.—This species is variable in regard
to colour. The abdomen is not brown as described, but red, very bright
in fresh specimens, and the upper side and legs in some specimens black
or piceous, with the apical part of thorax and base of elytra brownish.
The under side is reddish, with the metasternum infuscate at middle in
some specimens. The spots on the elytra are bright yellow when alive,
but changing after death in most specimens to reddish, only in two or
three of my specimens the spots remained yellow, but not as bright. The
apex of the elytra is clothed with cinereous pubescence, as in moestus, but
having on each side a spot formed by black hairs.

Polycesta Arizonica, n. sp.—Similar to velasco, but smaller, thorax
not as broad, and only the alternate elytral intervals costate. Head
slightly convex, nearly flat in the clypeal region, coarsely and densely
punctate, a short costiform smooth median line. Thorax transverse,

22 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

arcuately narrowing to apex, broadest at about basal third, base before the
scutellum impressed; surface coarsely punttate, the punctures well
separated on the disk, but denser and confluent in the apical region at
sides, on the median line from apex to base is a narrow, smooth space,
with a fine impressed line at middle, which is very distinct at base,
gradually finer and disappearing entirely near apex. Elytra as wide as
the thorax at base, nearly parallel to slightly behind the middle, then
arcuately narrowing to apex, which is obtusely rounded and coarsely
serrate ; elytral intervals alternately elevated into distinct coste on the
disk, more feebly at sides, the coste sparsely punctate ; the intercostal
space slightly convex at middle, very coarsely punctate, the punctures more
or less transversely confluent, in addition there are at middle a row of
smaller punctures, representing the punctures of the costate intervals.
First ventral suture straight, last ventral segment of male broadly arcuate
at apex, at middle produced into a lobe-like projection, which is carinate
on its ventral surface, last ventral segment of female narrowing to apex,
which is slightly truncate.. Length of male, 15 mm.; of female, 20 mm.

Palmerlee, Cochise Co., Arizona. Beaten from branches of live oak.

This species is near vedasco, but is smaller, has a narrower thorax and
different elytral sculpture. The last ventral segment of the females is
variable, in some the apex is subacute and has a well-defined costa, in
others it is more broadly rounded, and the costa is hardly visible. The
same can be said of the male, though there is never as much variation
as in the female.

In Entomol. News, Vol. XVI, p. 73, Mr. Fall restores e/ata to
specific standing on an apparent good character. This species is
separated from Ca/ifornica in the table given by the last ventral segment
produced into a lobe at middle (angulate in Cadifornica), and from the
remarks the female does not differ much in this respect from the male.
I have seen quite a number of specimens of e¢/au¢a, consisting of both sexes,
and find that the lobed last ventral is only peculiar to the male, and not
alone in this species, but also in ve/asco and Arizonica. Unfortunately, I
have only three specimens of Cadéfornica, all female, but have no doubt
that the male of Cad:fornica has the last ventral segment formed as in
elata. The so-called median carina of thorax is in one of my specimens
of Californica as distinct as in e/a¢a, in another specimen faintly seen,
and cannot be relied upon for the separation of the two. If, as I suspect,
the male of Ca/:fornica has the same abdominal character as e/afa, there

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 2

eC

remains only the difference in sculpture and the more or less distinct con-
cave front. The last abdominal segment of the females in all of out
species is variable, hardly two specimens of the same species are exactly
alike, some have the apex subacute, others obtusely truncate, the ventral
surface may or may not be carinate.

P. angulosa, Duv., which was overlooked by Mr. Fall in his table,
has a peculiar male character, consisting of a densely-punctured and
densely-pubescent oval spot on the first abdominal segment at middle,
and is the only species (except Ca/ifornica ?) which has the last segment
simple, without lobe-like prolongation at middle. The species can be
further distinguished from the rest of our species by the distinct rows of
large rounded punctures on the elytra and the strongly-angulated thorax.

The description of P. ob/usa, Lec.,* fits angulosa better than ve/asco;
the finding of it in Philadelphia was undoubtedly accidental. Based cn
the characters mentioned above, the following synoptic table for our North
American species of Po/ycesta is presented below:

First ventral suture at sides strongly arcuated....................1.
Birseycntiral sutirestraight throughout; 22.20 ees 2

1. Thorax with broad median and smaller lateral impressions, sealptute
of elytral intervals punctate, and more or less coarsely rugose, apex
of last ventral of male produced at middle into a lobe-like projection,
first ventral without pubescent spot. inden ete ey. ee

Thorax with broad median, but veithiciat tide impressions, Seige with
well-defined rows of relatively large punctures, apex of last ventral
of male not produced at middle, but first ventral segment wirh a
densely-punctured and densely-pubescent oval spot at
JTS LS ES ee a et a aa ae . angulosa.

2. Front flat near the clypeal region, the punctuation of elytral intervals

more evident, not coarsely transversely confluent....... Cadifornica.

Front concave near the clypeal region, sculpture of elytral intervals

coarsely transversely confluent . Saks aR) ah. «gts CPOE

Elytral striz deeply impressed and aoniewHAae eecly punctate, all the

intervals more or less distinctly costate, last ventral of male at apex

prolonged at middle into a lobe-like projection........ ...velasco.

Elytral strie not impressed, only the alternate intervals costate, the

intercostal space coarsely and _ transversely confluently punctate ;

last ventral of male at apex produced at middle........Ar?zonica-

Ge

*Proc, Acad. Nat. Sciences, Phil., 1858, p..68.

24 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
A REVIEW OF DR. WALTHER HORN’S “SYSTEMATISCHER
INDEX DER CICINDELIDEN.”

B Yous F. WiC.K HAM, 1:O!W Ae CCAIR, IOWA.

The above-named paper, which has lately appeared in the Deutsche
Entomol. Zeitschrift (1905, II, pp. 1-56), is of the highest value to
American students of the Coleoptera, though in these days of minute
subdivision and endless creation of genera and species upon the lightest
pretext, it may come as a surprise to those who have consulted only our
American publications on the subject. It represents the views of an
investigator who has all the advantages of wide acquaintance with types
of the described species and with the literature of the subject. Only about
20 of the many forms listed were unknown to the author, whose recent
visit to the United States is still a pleasant memory to those fortunate
enough to meet him. ;

Dr. Horn has made a number of changes in the hitherto accepted
nomenclature of the family, especially in the direction of reduction of
the number of generic and specific names. He recognizes as genera and
species only those series of forms which can be delimited by characters at
once weighty and constant. For aggregations of less than specific
value, he uses the following terms :

1. Subspecies. Sharply defined geographical races, characterizable
by features of importance.

2. Aberrations. Local forms definable only by relatively slight charac-
ters (colour, pattern, size) and all striking sporadically occurring forms.

3. Synonyms. A collective term for everything unnecessary, true
synonyms, feebly differentiated forms separable only by minor features of
colour and pattern, intergradations, and local and geographical races so
ill developed as to require a locality label for certain recognition.

The Cicindelide (in broad sense) are arranged thus :

A. Alacosternaliz, W. Horn.
I. Ctenostomide, Lac. (Pogonostoma and Ctenostoma.)
II. Collyride, Chaud. (Collyris and Tricondyla.)
B. Platysternalie, W. Horn.
III. Theratide, W. Horn. (Therates.)
IV. Cicindelide, Lac.
1. Eurodini, W. Horn. Iresia, Langea, Euprosopus,
Eucallia, Caledonica, Dystipsidera, Nickerlea, Cale-

donomorpha, Prothyma, Beckerium, Eurytarsa,
January, 1906. ,

THE CANADIAN ENLOMOLY GIST. 25

2. Odontochilini, W. Horn. Heptodonta, Opisthencentrus,
Oxygonia, Odontochila, Prepusa.

3. Cicindelini, W. Horn. Pentaconia, Cicindela, Eury-
morpha, Apteroessa.

4. Dromicini, W. Horn. Dromica.

V. Megacephalide, Lac. Pseudoxychila, Oxychila, Chiloxia,
Megacephala (with Tetracha, Phzoxantha, etc., as synonyms
or subgenera), Aniaria.

VI. Neomantichoride, W. Horn. Pycnochila, Omus, Amblychila.
VII. Paleomantishoride. W. Horn. Mantica, Mantichora.

VIII. Platychilide, W. Horn. Platychila.

It is impossible, within the limits of a review of this nature, to discuss
the system of classification in detail. The student of the American forms
will be interested in noticing that the arrangement of our species of
Cicindela is totally different from that now obtaining in our lists. This is
due chiefly to the emphasis laid upon the characters drawn from the
vestiture. The nearctic fauna is treated as a whole, the Mexican forms
materially increasing the number.

When we analyze the list closely, a considerable number of minor
changes in nomenclature becomes evident. Many of the forms that we
have been accustomed to regard as specifically distinct, are degraded to
the rank of subspecies or aberrations. One must confess to a feeling that
the difficulty hitherto experieneed by calling all the fairly well differentiated
forms species, is not entirely overcome by their arrangement as subspecies
and aberrations. Here the same trouble occurs as of old—the subspecies
offer varying degrees of perfection of differentiation, and the same is true
of the aberrations. It still remains largely a matter of opinion whether a
given subspecies may not be well enough marked and sufficiently constant
in its Characters to deserve specific rank, and several instances occur in
which it is equally uncertain whether a form were best considered a
subspecies or an aberration. However, the relations between closely
allied forms are often well brought out by Dr. Horn’s arrangement, as
for example in the group classed as pusz//a, Say, including as subspecies
imperfecta, cinctipennis and lunalonga, cyanella and tuolumne ranking
only as aberrations. No one with a full series of the different forms
can for a moment believe that each is of specific rank, though extremes
are sufficiently readily separable. Specimens from the Great Basin: grade
perfectly from cinctipennis to imperfecta, and some.of those from Colorado

26 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

connect the former equaliy well with pwsd/a. A number of our North
American forms now appear as subspecies of Mexican type. In other
cases the names we have been using are simply displaced by older ones,
vulgaris going by the name ¢ranguebarica, Hbst., modesta becoming
obscura, Say. So many changes of one kind and another are made that
the American student should by all means see the work in its entirety.
To the reviewer, it appears that Dr. Horn has worked with a much clearer
appreciation of the subject than any of his predecessors, and, while one
may not agree with him in every detail, it is impossible to overlook the
fact that the student of the family as a whole is much better fitted for
classificatory work than the entomologist who confines himself to a
limited fauna.

The arrangement of the subfamilies and genera is based upon
phylogenetic theses, which are of sufficient interest to sketch out here.
Briefly stated, the line of descent is indicated thus—the deductions being
made upon structural and geographical grounds alone, the geological
record being silent.

The first forms of a Cicindelide nature arose in the Ethiopian tropics
from a Carabidous stem. These apterous primitive Cicindelidz were
allied to the recent types of Platychilidee and Paleeomantichoride, and to
them the name Protomantichoride is applied. The Protomantichoridz
spread westward to America, their descendants later pushing out to the
north and south, These forerunners of the Neomantichoride led to the
development of the Prototetrachide, which were then distributed circum-
zonally along the equator.

Complicated characters of vestiture appeared later. Next. in part
through partial decoloration and partly by irregular disposition of the
hairs, false patterns were formed on the elytra, whose equivalents are to be
seen in the now dominant pigmental patterns.

A further step led to the development of tie Protoeuryodid, which
likewise inhabited the entire tropics. Among these was first developed a
high power of flight. Now appeared the arboreal forms. ‘Types of
the nature of Zricondy/a and Therates led at last to the Protopogono-
stomide.

The species of the genus Cic’adela are geologically the youngest of
the Cicindelide forms. They are to be considered descendants of the
Protoeuryodide, and in them first appears the highest development and
greatest potential variation of vestiture and pattern. With respect to the

a a hd |. ee

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‘

7 e,
.

WE. DAEs ae ay Ses es Oe

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ai

indirect descendants, the author has indicated several principal stems (not
primitive forms). In respect to the North-stem and the South-stem in the
groups occurring in the Holarctic region, he lays down the following
“hypotheses :

The two North stems developed, during a colder period, in what is
new a warmer region of Africa. Later they separated, the smaller part
going southward, seeking the cooler climate, the main body being imean-
while forced farther and farther to the north, returning later (spiit into
North American and Eurasiatic branches) to the south. The home of the
two so-called South-stems may be in the warmer part of America. Then
follows a phenomenon analogous to the above, with the difference that
here two equally great migrations took place, the forerunners of the
cuprascens group going northwards, those of the wzvea-ritseme group
southwards. Both reached the Arctic or Antarctic land connections,
The species of the e/egans-tristgnata group are then the posterity of the
south-bound Arctic Eurasiatic branch, the Aelmsi-dunedinensissetigera
group perhaps coming from the north-bound Antarctic Australasian
branch. In spite, however, of these statements, neither the Arctic nor
the Antarctic regions have produced indigenous Cicindelz, their influence
on the great influxes being only that of paths of a passing emigration.
The true home of all the Crcinde/a stems is in the tropics or the subtropics,

NOTES ON TANIORHYNCHUS SQUAMIGER, COQ.
BY H. J. QUAYLE, AMES, IOWA.

Prof. Smith, of New Jersey, records Zeniorhynchus ( Culex ) squamiger,
Coq., as being a strictly fresh-water form in that State, and it will be
interesting to know that so far as my experience goes during the past
season. it is exclusively a salt-marsh mosquito in the San Francisco Bay
region of California. It may be possible that we have two different forms,
but in a quantity of material which I have just examined they appear to
agree in all essential particulars, both as regards Jarva and adult, with the
descriptions given in Prof. Smith’s report. There is one character, how-
ever, in the larva that is quite at variance, and that is the tracheal gills.
In my specimens they are very short, in no case as long as the width of
the gth segment, while in Prof. Smith’s report they are given as longer

_ than the length of the segment, for the New Jersey sguamiger. At any

rate, if they are not the same mosquito, I believe my specimens are the
January, 1906.

)
o2)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

typical sguamiger, since they have been so determined by Mr. D. W.
Coquillett, and were taken a few miles up the bay from where the original
sguamiger was obtained, and which was described by Mr. Coquillett. ,
However, it is the habits I wish to speak about here. Larvee of this
species were found without excepticn in the salt water pools, and almost
invariably with Currie/, which is a strictly salt-marsh mosquito in this
territory. Larvee first appeared on February 2oth, and none were seen
later than April 2oth. Adults from this brood made their way to the hills
opposite, and while they were not found to have the migratory habit so
well developed as Curriez, which was observed to migrate ten miles, they
were found at least three or four miles from their breeding ground. No
adults were seen to emerge after March 25th, due to our control work, and
none were found flying about on the marsh after the middle of May,
although adults were found in the hills up to July 2nd. We may infer,
therefore, that the maximum adult life may be three months, and this agrees
with the New Jersey observations. It was found there, however, that the
species is single brooded, but in rgo4 a brood was observed to emerge on
the San Francisco Bay marsh in September, making at least two in this
section, but, of course, climatic conditions may explain this difference.
Negative evidence points to the fact that this species passes the winter
in the egg stage, the eggs hatching as already mentioned, very early in the
following season. Since the adults were seen in the hills nearly two months
after their disappearance on the marsh, it is evident that at least the

majority do not make their way back to the marsh for egg-laying. Of
those that migrated, three or four were found with eggs early in the season,
but the great majority had no eggs developed. Further evidence, however,
is necessary to establish or disprove the fact that the migratory forms are
barren. Besides Culex Curried, this is the only marsh species found in
this territory, and because of the fact that it is fewer brooded it is not so
abundant.

Mr. A, F. Winn, Secretary of the Montreal Branch, has changed his
address to: 32 Springfield Avenue, Westmount, P. Q.

Mailed January 6th, 1906.

ss es

The € anarliay Fontomotogist

WiOls XOX OV TEL: LONDON, FEBRUARY, 1906. No. 2

PRACTICAL AND POPULAR ENTOMOLOGY—No. to.
THE DRAGON-FLIES AND DAMSEL-FLIES (ORDER ODONATA).
BY FRANKLIN SHERMAN, JR., AGRIC. COLLEGE, GUELPH, ONTARIO,*

In most parts of temperate North America the true Dragon-flies
are among the most conspicuous members of the insect class in any com-
munity where water is at hand. Strong of flight, quick as a thought in
their darting movements, wary in the highest degree, they are usually well-
known to all by sight, yet not often captured by the amateur collector
unless he takes the time to devote his special attention to them at some
favourable place.

The Damsel-flies, on the other hand, are less wary and less active, and
may often be caught in the hand or picked up in the fingers from their
resting-place on grass-stems, etc. Their delicate wings and frail bodies
are, however, easily broken, and they are not favourites with collectors, all

the less so as they are quite difficult: to classify even when in perfect

condition,

Under the older system of classification, they were included in the
order Neuroptera along with a number of other insects. By more recent
workers they have been assigned an order to themselves —the Odonata.
Some entomologists regard them as comprising but one family,—others as
two families, but the tendency with the most modern workers who have
devoted special attention to them is to group them into six and sometimes
even seven families. It is therefore somewhat a matter of preference as
to what system we shall adopt. For the purposes of this article we have
divided them into six families, all of which are represented in Ontario, and
all but one, quite commonly.

CLASSIFICATION INTO FAMILIES.

The characters used in classifying the Odonata into families are based
wholly upon the wings and the eyes, and are characters which are easily
recognized if one first learns a little of the structure of these insects.

*In this article as well as in any others which he may contribute under the
head of ‘‘ Popular or Practical Entomology,” the writer lays no claim to
originality in the matter presented, nor are references to literature commonly
quoted. The object here is to present the subject in a manner easily understood
by non-technical readers,

30) THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The Eyes are large and prominent, one on each side of the head.
They may be widely separated, almost touching, barely touching at one
point only, or meeting for some little distance. The size of the eyes and
their prominent position on the head accounts-in large degree for the
wariness of these insects.

The Wings are long and narrow as compared with those of butterflies.
In the active Dragon-flies the hind wings are quite broad at their base (next
the body), while in the weaker Damsel-flies they are narrowed at the base.

In all Odonata there is a notch-like or joint-like structure on the front
edge of the wings about mid-way its length ; the zodus.

The Pferostigma (which is absent in some Odonata) is a distinct,
hardened or conspicuously coloured small patch on the front edge of the
wing between the nodus and the tip of the wing, usually nearer the latter.
Examine a specimen carefully and you will plainly see the framework of
the wing :—hardened black lines called veézs, which support the thin
membrane of the wing. Note that in the front part of the wing there are
several strong veins running lengthwise.- The very front margin of the
wing itself is a strong vein, which extends all the way around the wing.
The next of these lengthwise veins usually only extends to the nodus, and
between it and the vein which forms the margin of the wing are a number
of small veins running perpendicularly between the two :—this is the
first series of antcnodal veins, so called because they come (starting at
the base of the wing) dcfere the nodus. Between this second lengthwise
vein which stops at the nodus and the ¢Azrd lengthwise vein which runs
tight on past the nodus to the pterostigma, is the second series of antenodal
veins. Now, sometimes these two series of antenodal veins correspond:
that is, one of the second series is continuous with one of the first series,
as if it were one continuous antenodal vein running from the margin of
the wing to the third lengthwise vein. In other cases these two series of
antenodal veins do not at all correspond, and only rarely will you finda
vein which is continuous from the margin to the third lengthwise vein.

Now, upon the characters which we hive just discussed —(1) the
position and relation of the eyes ; (2) the shape of the hind wings and (3)
the correspondence (or lack of it) between the two series of antenodal
veins—we may construct an easy table for separating our Odonata into
their six families.

A. Eyes wide apart, projecting from the head,—the hind wings narrow
at bas, and the wings heid vertically over the back when not in
USC fone seems oon eer er ie Sr cae (Damsel- flies. )

Ie LITE EA, Spee ee Oe ee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 3]

B. Not more than 5 antenodal veins in either

SEnLES (OS Ree ee eee aoe oe Family Agrionide.
BB. More than 5 antenodal- veins in either
Sepiess nc. 2 - .... . Family Calopterygide.

AA. Eyes usua//y not far apart,—hind wings broad at base, and the wings
are held extended horizontally by the insect when not

nae ee eee ee ee... s). »,- «( Lrues Deagon-flies.)
C. The two series of antenodal veins not corresponding.
D. Eyes widely separated...... Family Gomphide

DD. Eyes touching only.... Family Cordulegusteride.
DDD. Eyes meeting for some distance.. Family Aeschnide.
CC. The two series of antenodal veins corre-
SPE TN 2 OEE eee re eae Family Libellulide.
Of the above six families the Agrionide and tne Libellulidz contain
by far the greater number of species ; the Cordulegasteride have only a
few species, all of which are rather uncommon.

Fig. 2.
Fig. 1.
Fic. 1.—One of the Libellulidz, or trie Dragon-flies. Note that the
hind wings are broad at base and the eyes meet q

on the head. In this figure the second series of
antenodal veins is easily seen and they correspond
with the first series. (See Key to Families).

Fic. 2.—One of the Agrionidz or Damsel-
flies. Note that the hind wings are narrowed at
base and that the antenodal veins are not numer-
ous or close together. ‘The eyes are widely
separated. (See Key to Families).

Fic. 3.—A young or nymph of ene of the Dragon”
flies. Note the buds of wings or wing-pads, and
that the general shape of the body is quite similar
to that of the adults.

32 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

All of the Odonata deposit their eggs in water, and the young insects
bear some resemblance to the adults in the shape of the head and size of
the eyes, and in the avidity with which they prey upon other weaker insects.
The young of the Damsel-flies are more slender than those of the true
Dragon-flies and are further distinguished by having several flat leaftike
plates at the hind end of the abdomen,which aid in purifying the blood by
acquiring fresh air from the very minute bubbles which are present in the
water. In the young of the true Dragon-flies there are no such plates, but
the air is drawn into and forced out of the hinder part of the body.

There is, among the ignorant, much needless fear of the Dragon-flies.
In various sections they are known as Dragon-flies, Darning-needles, Snake-
doctors, Mule-killers, Mosquito-hawks, etc. Of these names, the first and
last give the truest idea of their habits. ‘They are true dragons of the air,
and undoubtedly do devour immense numbers of mosquitoes ;-for woe
unto the gnat or small fly which is spied by a dragon-fly !—a swift swoop
of the long, strong wings, a quick dart of the Dragon-fly, and the place which
knew the gnat knows it no more. They are absolutely harmless to man
and may be handled in the fingers with impunity : a slight pinching with
their jaws is all that they can give,—but this, while nothing to us, means
death to weaker creatures.

The appetite of an adult Dragon-fly is something remarkable. I have
seen specimens held in the hand cease struggling to munch on a proffered
fly, and the same thing may be observed even when the creature is impaled
ona pin which is passed directly through the body between the wings.
But most remarkable of all was the case in which a captured specimen,
when its own body was bent under so that the tip was near its mouth,
seized its own abdomen and ate off two of the segments !

The Odonata is a good example of a group of insects which for along
time were regarded as of no economic importance, but which suddenly
acquired interest. When it had been clearly demonstrated that mosquitoes
may transmit the germs of malaria and yellow fever to man, the question
of natural enemies of mosquitoes became important. Mosquitoes lay their
eggs in water and the young are known as “ wrigglers ” or ‘‘ wiggle-tails.”
Coursing over the pool and marshes, the large, swift Dragon-flies surely
destroy many an impregnated female mosquito, or more likely destroy
them when they first emerge, before they are ready to lay eggs. In the

pool, creeping about on the bottom in the shallow places, the young Dragon-
fly doubtless makes many a happy meal on the luckless wrigglers which
come within reach,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. wa

There should be between 100 and 130 species of Odonata found in
Ontario. They have been but little studied here. Dr. E. M. Walker, of
Toronto, has probably done more work upon this group than anyone else,
and I am glad to know that he will likely soon publish in this journal a
list of the species which he has observed. During the coming season,
which will not be far distant when this article appears, let us hope that our
a Ontario collectors, at least, will give more attention to this interesting group.

WHAT EUCHESCA.COMPTARIA, WALK.;-REALLY) IS.
BY RICHARD F. PEARSALL, BROOKLYN, N. Y.

My last paper, upholding Dr. Hulst’s determination that Z.
perlineata, Pack., is the above species, was intended also to convey the
idea that until we knew Positively that he was wrong it was better to
accept his decision. Nor was it my desire to belittle the judgment of
Mr. Prout, as I expressly stated. Immediately after its publication I
received two letters from Mr. Prout, explaining his views so clearly that I
began to doubt the correctness of my opinion, as set forth in my paper
upon ‘‘ The Genus Venusia and Its Included Species.”’ It must be noted
= that up to that time none of us had seen Dr. Packard’s types. In the
: paper last named I mentioned that comptaria, Walk. ( = perlineata, Pack.)
was taken plentifully by me in the Catskill Mts., and I proceeded there-
fore to describe another eastern form under the name of salenta, associ-
ating with it a larger Californian species, which my scant-material did not
warrant me in separating. Later,’ with the receipt of a Jarger series, I
had about determined that it was entitled to specific rank, and that
opinion I now hold. Convinced that Mr. Prout would be able to judge
correctly, I forwarded to him examples of what I called comptaria, Walk.
(=perlineata, Pack.), from the Catskill Mts., co-types of sa/venfa, Pears..
and of Momenia 12-lineata, Pack., as separated by me. He had advised
me that-he already had a good series of the western form of sa/éenta;
hence he would have before him both of our eastern and both of our

western species for comparison with Walker’s type of comptaria.

On Nov. 22nd I went to Cambridge, where, by the courtesy of Dr.
Henshaw, I was permitted to examine freely the Packard types. The
result was clarifying, if not altogether gratifying, for I found that in
saltenta I had been guilty of adding another synonym to the many. It is
the perlineata of Packard without a shadow of doubt. The species I

i it till

rae

ToaCAN+ FONT gv Ol R 45). 125.
2 CAN. ENT., Vol. 37, p: 331-
% February, 1906.

54 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

have been cailing complaria (= perdineata) is not in the Packard collection
at all, and is the one I should have described.

In the Packard collection perdneata is represented by two males
labelled ‘‘type” from “West Virginia, Mead. 4. 9. 72,” in good condition,
and referred to in description, page 83, Mono. Geom. Moths, 1876.
72-lineata.— Under this name are four males, labelled “type,” all from
California. Three of them belong to the genus Nomenia, bearing
unipectinate antenne. The fourth is a male without a vestige of antenne,
but is certainly the western form of Euchceca, referred by me to sal/enta.
It was the custom of Dr. Packard to describe from a group of specimens,
calling all of them types, and he so labelled them. In the Monograph
Geo. Moths, 1876, perZineata was represented by five males and five females;
of these, only two males are left. Of z2-4zeata he had three males and
five females. Now there are four males left. Three are the males of
Nomenia. Where did the other ¢ come from? Did he consider the
other western species with its simple antennz to be females of the first ?
It would appear so. Again, in taking description from a group of speci-
mens involving two species, he makes reference to a certain characteristic
which may belong to one species or the other, and where it becomes
necessary to separate them, as in the case of 72-d/neata, the description
may not wholly fit either of them. After many careful comparisons be-
tween my specimens and his description and plates (note its simple
antenne), I find them to agree so well that, as offering the best way out
of a complex situation, it would be better to recognize the western
Eucheeca as entitled to the name of z2-/7meata, Pack., and raise it to
specific rank. At the close of his remarks under this species he says :
“Tt may be found to intergrade with 7. fer/ineata of the Eastern States.
It is a little larger, with more acute fore wings than that species or
variety (2) He might have added, by its colour also, which is white, as
he describes it, while AexZneata is decidedly bluish-ashen ; nor did he
refer to Nomenia, for that species is noticeably smaller than perlineata.
By these points it is easily separable to my eye. This situation leaves
Nomenia sp. undescribed.

To-day I received a letter from Mr. Prout, in which, after acknowl-
edging receipt of my specimens, he says:

“Comptaria, Walk., ¢s not =perlineata (that is my Catskill Mt
species I had sent him labelled ferZneata). ‘This is certissime !

“TF it is not exactly =sa/ienta, Pears. . . . it 18 at least so close
to it that my eye fails to detect any difference WHATEVER.”

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. oD

The capitals are his, not mine, and it follows that if sa/zenta is
comptaria, Walk., then perlineata of Packard, of which it is a synonym,
must be also.

It will be seen by this statement of facts that Dr. Hulst was, after all,
correct in his determination of fer/ineata, Pack., as a synonym of
comptaria, Walk. So that if we accept the dictum of Dr. Taylor,* which
he lays down so emphatically, that his listing should “replace Nos. 3330
and 3331 in Dyar’s Catalogue,” we will find ourselves very much in error.
And here I will answer his question, “ whether I will follow Hulst and
accept the other synonyms placed with perdéneata under comptaria, \WWalk.?”
Certainly not. Because Dr. Hulst was right in one case does not make
him right in all, nor do the errors he made discredit him entirely. It is
necessary to note them, and I will continue to publish them, but comment
[ refuse to make, since he is not here to answer for himself. A descrip-
tion of the species involved follows :

Nomenia unipecta, n. sp.—Front seal-brown, above gray and ciear
white scales mixed. Palpi short, gray and white scaled, tip seal-brown.
Antenne gray, unipectinate, apex simple in ¢, in 2 filiform simple.
Collar, thorax above, patagia and abdomen above, dull-white, mixed with
dark gray or brown scales, these having a tendency to gather in spots on
thorax and abdomen, but they do not form a fixed pattern ; under parts
lighter, the fore and middle tibiz washed with seal-brown, hind legs
whitish. Fore wings with costa long, so that they appear sharp at apex,
the outer margin receding almost straight. Colour grayish-ash, darker at
base and along costal region, crossed by about ten waved dark gray lines,
angled at costa, their general direction being straight across the wing.
Preceding the discal space, which is narrow and paler, are four lines, the
first slightly curved outward, the second nearly straight, some distance
from it, the last two close together. Extra discal line sharper and darker
than any other, starting at small angle from costa, it bends outward a
little opposite cell, and from the lower end of the curve its course inclines
toward hind angle. Two heavy shade lines follow this close to it and
each other, and between them are scattered brown scales, not prominent,
wanting entirely in many specimens, but forming as a whole a dark streak
crossing the wing. Sub-terminal shade lines heavy and distinct, much
waved; between this and border often occurs another less distinct shade
line. An intervenular sharp black line borders both wings. Fringes

3 CAN ENT., Vol. 37, p. 411.

oO THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, .

dusky. ‘The veins are marked where lines cross with fine black dashes,
more generally beyond discal space. Hind wings well extended, rounded
as in Euchceca, paler dusky-white, crossed beyond cell by four indistinct
curved gray lines, much broken and waved, the inner crossing at end of
cell and quite distant from the others. Discal dots wanting in most
examples, sometimes discernible on fore wings. Beneath dusky. Extra
discal and sub-terminal lines on fore wings are reproduced faintly, darker
at costa, the latter crossing the wing, the former lost before reaching inner
margin, intervenular black line on margin distinct. Hind wings with
lines as above faintly reproduced, discal dots very small and faint.

Type ¢ and 9; coll. R. F. Pearsall.

The specimens described were received through Mr. G. Franck, of
Brooklyn, the male from Plumas Co., Cal.; the female from Pasadena,
Cal. My examples from Pasadena are much more suffused and darker
than those from other parts of California.

Eucheca exhumata, n. sp.—Iin form a miniature of V. cambricas
about one-half its size. The texture of the wing is much heavier than any
other species in the genus, as much so as in cambrica. Front broad,
rounded, dark seal-brown above, mixed gray and white; palpi short.
Antenne compressed ciliate in g, simple in ¥. Colour chalky-white,
not shining, with gray and black scales intermixed, these forming into
about six diffuse waved lines, crossing both wings. Of these the basal
and extra discal are mostly black and heavier. Basal line on fore wings
forms a regular outward curve from costa to inner margin, without angle
or waving. Within this are three or four wavy, paler gray lines, giving to
this section quite a dark appearance. Beyond the basal line the wing is
generally a clear gray, sometimes white. The extra discal line is black,
with a large angle below costa to cell, then forms a complete semicircle
opposite cell, from lower point of it running straight to inner margin.
Outside of this, and parallel with it, and sometimes of the basal line as
well, there is a line of yellow-brown scales, interrupted on the veins by
heavy black dashes, the two opposite cell being large and diffuse. There
follows a clear white space, like a waved line, crossing both wings, and
conspicuous in all specimens. Subterminal line of darker scales, heavy
at costa, sometimes entire, sometimes fading out opposite cell. Subter-
minal space clear light gray, darker in suffused examples. Fringes long

dusky-white. An intervenular black line just within the margin of both
wings. Hind wings with basal portion clear gray, the basal line of fore
wings often continued with a slight curve to inner margin, as an indefinite

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 37

waved line. Extra discal line distinct, less so at costa, with a large angle
to cell, then curved boldly outward, reaching in a straight or wavy line to
inner margin, about two-thirds from base. Outside this and parallel is a
gray shade line replacing the brown line of fore wings. Often a few brown
scales appear in this line, visible under lens. A conspicuous white line-
like space follows the extra discal line, beyond which the single subter-
minal is more or less distinct, but does not dissolve into points in any of
my specimens. Discal dots round and black, usually distinct on fore
wings, smaller and sometimes wanting on hind wings, in the latter never
included in the basal line, as in comptarza, Walk. Beneath dusky, the
extra discal and subterminal lines distinctly reproduced on both wings,
the space between them being less dusky, often the basal line is faintly
shown. Intervenular line at margin faint but apparent. Discal dots
obvious. Legs dusky, fore tibia dark gray, tarsi ringed with yellowish.
Abdomen in ¢ above dull white, each segment anteriorly ringed with
dark gray, beneath dusky-yellowish. Anal tuft yellowish, in ¢ dull white,
not ringed, dusky at base.

ivpesg. and 9); coll, R. F. Pearsall.

I have before me 25 $’s, 10 9’s, taken in the Catskill Mts., from
June 4 to July 15. As compared with comptarza, Walk., the wing texture
is much heavier, the ground colour clear white, net bluish-ash, and the
lines diffuse. One male is entirely suffused with dark gray and brown
scales, the conspicuous white line beyond extra discal showing out vividly;
indeed, the tendency to suffusion is a characteristic of the species, and
makes intelligent description most difficult. The large round spot
opposite cell, so marked a feature in /wcafa, is shown toa less degree in
this species, but combined with a wide white discal space it has produced
the form confounded with the latter, and easily distinguished from it by
the marginal intervenular line not present in /wcata.

The species concerned will, I trust, finally rest as I now place them.

Nomenia unipecta, Pearsall, n. sp.
Eucheeca comptaria, Walker.
= perlineata, Packard.
=salienta, Pearsall.
Eucheeca 12-lineata, Packard.
Euchceca exhumata, Pearsall, n. sp.
During the preparation of this paper more material has come to me

through the kindness of Dr. Wm. Barnes. He sends me examples of
comptaria (=perlineata, Pack.) taken as far west as Quincy, IIl., the

38 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

farthest western point I know. Besides examples of /Vomenia unifpecta,
Pears., from Ca!ifornia, there are three specimens belonging to this
interesting genus, taken by Dr. Barnes at Glenwood Springs, Colorado,
which he suggested should constitute a new species. After a careful study
I cannot accept this view, but have designated it :

Nomenia unipecta, var. secunda, Pears.—It differs from the type in
these respects: About one-third larger, the body and fore wings of a
dark, dusky-slate, without the sheen of California examples ; hind wings
somewhat lighter. On both wings the lines are sharper, and on the fore
wings the brown scales which follow the extra basal and discal lines are
more evident. Beneath I can discover no difference from my dark speci-
mens taken at Pasadena. Its darker opaque hue, sharper lines, and
larger size distinguish it from typical unipecta.

The genus Euchceca contains other errors. For instance, a/bovittata,
Guen., has nothing in common with this group, either in appearance or
habits. It goes into the genus Trichodezia, Warren, of which it is the
type. Dr. Hulst failed to observe the distinguishing marks of this genus,
and therefore discarded it. They are present as sexual characters in the
male, and quite apparent in fresh specimens. The venation of hind wings
is also quite distinct. With this may go Cadiforniata, but I have no male

of it for comparison. A later paper will be devoted to the genus as a whole.

AsSOCIATION OF Economic Enromo.ocists. — The recent meeting
in New Orleans was a very successful one, over thirty members being
present. The next meeting will be held next winter in New York

City, in conjunction with the A. A. A. S. The following officers were
elected for the ensuing year:

President, A. H. Kirkland, Malden, Mass.; rst Vice-President, W.
E. Britton, New Haven, Conn.; 2nd Vice-President, H. A. Morgan,
Knoxville, Tenn.; Secretary-Treasurer, A. F. Burgess, Columbus, Ohio.
For Member Committee on Nomenclature, to serve three years: Herbert
Osborn, Columbus, Ohio. For Members Council, A. A. A. S.: H. E.
Summers, Ames, lowa, and E. A Schwartz, Washington, D. C.

4 Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vol. 23, p. 274.

——

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 39

NEW BEES OF THE GENUS COLLETES.
‘ BY MYRON H. SWENK, LINCOLN, NEBRASKA.

Colletes clypeonitens, n. sp.— 9. Length 11 mm. Clypeus promi-
nent, polished, narrowly medially sulcate, its punctures coarse but scat-
tered and not forming striz, its apex slightly emarginate and preceded by
a transverse rim. Malar space one and one-half times as long as broad,
finely striate. Antenne black, the flagelkam brownish beneath, jcint 3
decidedly longer than 4. Face dull, finely and feebly punctured, its

pubescence dense and erect, dull soiled gray, becoming whitish about
clypeus. Vertex shiny, minutely punctured. Cheeks dull, striate like
malar space, with long white hair and short appressed pile about orbits.
Prothorax without an apparent spine. Punctures of mesothorax smali and
widely separated, a very large polished disk subimpunctate. Scutellum
finely separately punctured, these closest along posterior border. Post-
scutellum finely densely punctured. Pits on superior face of metathorax
very irregular and poorly defined, apparently very long and narrow, medially
on a broadened area. Enclosure funnel-shaped, polished, smooth, the bow]
convex. Pleura shining, with fine, well separated punctures. Pubescence
of thoracic dorsum dull yellowish gray, whitish on pleura, metathorax,
_ postscutellum and below. Tegulze yellowish testaceous. Wings clear,
nervures and stigma dark brown, the former becoming yellowish at base,
with the costal nervure entirely yellow. Abdomen parallel-sided, first seg-
ment shining, finely, rather indistinctly, scatteringly punctured, following
segments finely, closely, indistinctly punctured. Tergum with a fine, very
dense, short and appressed pile practically concealing the surface between
the contrasting, very dense, shaggy fasciz, all of a duil gray colour, basal
segment with long white hairs, segments 3—6 with white bristles, 6 bare of
appressed pile. Venter shining, not banded. Legs black, with white pub-
escence, that on posterior femora and tibiz very long and quite dense, carry-
ing much pollen, outer tibial spur not pectinate, both spurs short and yellow,
claws rufous, with the inner tooth submedian, front coxe without spines.
Type.— Los Angeles, California (Dr. Davidson), 1 2 specimen.
There is no other species known to. me, except the following, which
shows close relationship to this one, which is very distinct in its sparsely
punctured, non-striate clypeus,long malar space and densely pilose tergum.
On the whole its nearest relative is probably C. de/odontus, Viereck, or C.

albescens, Cresson,
February, 1906°

40 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Colletes petalostemonis,n. sp.— 9. Length 7-8 mm. Very like to C.
clypeonitens, to which it is most closely related, but differs as follows:
Clypeus not sulcate nor its apex emarginate. Malar space about as long
as wide. Flagellum merely fuscous below, its first joint subequal to its
second. Vertex with distinct punctures of two sizes. Punctures of face
distinct. Mesothorax similarly, but more coarsely punctured, those on
pleura coarse and close, scutellum coarsely and sparsely punctured pos-
teriorly. Pits on superior metathoracic face even more irregular, and the
median broadening much more pronounced. Bowl of enclosure very
convex, bulging. Wings white, nervures yellow, becoming dark toward the
apex, the stigma large, fuscous. Abdomen similarly shaped, but much
more coarsely punctured, these very distinct and quite well separated on
segment 1, fine and close on 2, indistinct on following segments. Tergum
with similar appressed pile. Entire pubescence of a more silvery, less
yellowish cast, tinged with the latter colour slightly on thoracic dorsum only.

d. Length7 mm. Clypeus concealed by long, dull white pubescence.
Malar space slightly over twice as long as wide. Flagellum brown below,
its first joint two-thirds as long as its second, both black, the brown joints
over twice as long as wide. Abdomen very coarsely punctured, especially
on segment r, segments 1-6 with broad white apical fasciz, the spaces
between with thin pale pile not nearly concealing the surface, basal
segment with long white hair, very erect, denser laterally. Otherwise
essentially like the 9.

Types. —Warbonnet ‘Canon, Sioux County, Nebraska, July 20, rgo1
(2), July 13, 1901(¢), on Petalostemon candidus. (M. Cary.)

Paratypes.—Glen, Sioux County, Nebraska, August 9, 1905, on
Petalostemon candidus, 49 ; do. August 14, 123; 40 miles north of Lusk,
Wyoming, July, 1895, (F. H. Snow) 2, ¢. This species seems to be oligo-
tropic on Fetalostemon candidus, and is not common even where the plant
is abundant.

Colletes solidaginis,n.sp.—@. Lengthgmm. Head very short and
broad, the eyes large. Vertex scarcely depressed, minutely punctured, its
sides bare, the hairs between the occeli long and erect. Clypeus some-
what shiny, uniformly slightly convex,roughened by close,coarse punctures
which form irregular striz, the apical rim prominent, intensified by a trans-
verse depression immediately preceding it, covered with a sparse, short
pale ochraceous pubescence. Front covered with a short, dense, pale
ochraceous pubescence, concealing a dull, finely-roughened surface,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIBT. 4]

that below antenne yellowish white, the cheeks with a pale whitish pubes-
cence and the surface slightly shiny and finely punctured. Malar space so
short as to be almost wanting. Antenne black, with the flagellum below

beyond the second joint dull brownish to ferruginous, its basal joint but a
shade, if any, longer than the second.

Thorax above very densely covered with a short, erect, bright fulvo-
ochraceous pubescence, wholly concealing the surface, not at all mixed with
dark hairs, longer and denser on postscutellum, paling on the sides to
grayish white below. Prothoracic spines apparently wanting, mesothorax
evenly punctured on a shining surface, the punctures very close and
distinct, slightly sparser on a discal space, the posterior margin very finely
and densely punctured. Scutellum polished and impunctate at base, else-
where with close, coarse, rounded punctures, the postscutellum dull and
finely roughened. Superior face of metathorax separated from the posterior
face by an irregular rim, and divided into a series of about a dozen shining
pits, which are narrow, crowded and imperfect on the sides, but quite
perfect and about square medially. Posterior face with the sides shiny,
weakly and scatteringly punctured, with long, pale ochraceous hairs
becoming very dense laterally, the enclosure funnel-shaped, highly polished
and shining, the bowl more or less ridged at the sides and base, the neck
perfectly smooth, much longer than wide at base. Pleura shiny, with fine
crowded punctures concealed by a dense ochraceous pubescence. Tegulze
pale testaceous. Wing short, hyaline, the nervures and stigma honey
yellow. Legs slender, black, sometimes tinged with brownish on tarsi and
ends of tibizw, the pubescence short, sparse, grayish white. Front coxe
with long hairy spines. Outer tibial spurs distinctly pectinate, yellow.
Claws dark, medially toothed. Abdomen with the sides subparallel,
above densely covered with a very short and appressed. and ochraceous
pile which conceals the surface, the first segment with long dense ochra-
ceous hairs at base and sides, its middle more sparsely pubescent and
partially exposing a shining impunctate surface. The apical margins of
the segments are not depressed, but have the pubescence much denser than
elsewhere, forming noticeable fascize concolorous with the rest of the
pubescence, the venter with very narrow pale fasci or fringes on the
apical margins, apical segment bare, contrasting,

f. Length 6-7mm. Resembles the ¢ except in the following points:
Pubescence whitish, strongly tinged with yellowish on sides and dorsum
of thorax, in general much sparser than in ?, the clypeus covered with a

42 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

long, dense, pale yellow pubescence, becoming whitish about base of _

antennee ; flagellum ferruginous beyond the first joint, which is less than
half as long as second, the median ones twice as long as broad; meso-
thorax more finely and sparsely punctured, a large, shining, impunctate
discal space with scattered punctures lateraily; legs shining black except
for the ferruginous tarsi and posterior knees; abdomen slender, its first
segment very polished and shiny, practically impunctate, with long pale
hairs, especially basally, following segments duller, indistinctly punctured,
segments 1-6 with rather narrow and loose fasciz of yellowish white

pubescence continued very narrowly on venter, sparse, very short, pale
hairs between, apex practically nude.

Types.— Lincoln, Nebraska, July, 2, 6.

This species flies at Lincoln in July and early August, visiting the
flowers of Solidago Missourtensis. Its nearest ally seems to be C.
Wilmatte, Ckll., which is an oligotropic visitor of Petalostemon, and which
flies at the same time; it is readily distinguished from that species by
smaller size, dark legs, normal thoracic pubescence, etc.

Colletes ochraceus, n. sp.—@. Near to C. solidaginis, but easily
distinguished from that species as follows: Larger,length 11mm. Clypeus
distinctly sulcate medially, especially towards the apex, and more coarsely
punctured. Antennz rather shorter and heavier, wholly black. Vertex
with a few large punctures scattered on a minutely punctured surface,
Pubescence of thoracic dorsum only slightly tinged with fulvous. Enclos-
ure extremely small, its bowl shining but very small and _ irregularly
roughened, the neck long and narrow. Sides of posterior face of meta-
thorax strongly and rather closely punctured, the pubescence yellowish
white. Nervures and stigma yellowish brown. Legs black, with silvery
pubescence, the pectination of the hind spur very distinct, with about a
dozen teeth.

Type.—Southern California (D. A. Saunders), one ? specimen.

Colletes rufithorax,n.sp.—Q. Length 14-15 mm. _ Differs from C.
thoracicus as follows: Clypeus more coarsely and striately punctured,
especially apically, vertex with punctures of two conspicuously distinct
sizes; punctures on cheeks coarse and well separated on a finely striate
surface; joint 3 of antenne = 4; malar space slightly longer ; wings heavily
clouded, nervures fusco-ferruginous ; pubescence of face above clypeus
strongly tinged with orange, that on thorax above brighter, more rusty red ;

4 —_— se ee Ne

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is,
tJ

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 43

outer surface of posterior tibice with black hairs among the longer pale
ones ; abdominal fasciz thinner.

3. Length ro-12 mm. _Distinguishable from the ¢ of thoracicus by
its larger size; much heavier and broader head; longer malar space, two-
thirds as long as broad ; shortey antenna, falling short of metathoracic trun-
cation, and with joint 3 one-half as long as 4; legs much less polished ; ab-
domen with basal segments less regularly and more coarsely punctured, the
second segment only a little more finely punctured, the fascie narrower,
looser, more grayish.

One aberrant female from Clementon is only 12 mm. long, has rather
clearer wings and a narrower, more polished abdomen. I do not, how-
ever, regard it as distinct. :

Types.—6 9 9,76 6, all taken by Mr. H. L. Viereck in New Jersey,
as follows: Ocean City, June 19, rg01, 19 onwild cherry and 2¢ ¢ on
poison ivy ; Ayalon, June oth, 3 2 9; Westville, Jume 15th, 1 2; Clem-

enton, May 9g, 1899, 1 ¢6, June 2, 1901, on sand myrtle, 1 9, May 14,
Igor, on sand myrtle, 1 ¢, May 17, 1901, 2 ¢ 6; Mamuskin, May, 10,
1903, 1¢. I have also two ¢ g, taken by Rev. Birkmann at Fedor,
Texas, April 19, 1902, and March 21, 1904, and a ¢ from Anglesea, N. J.,
May 28, 1905. (E. Daecke.) Probably a species characteristic of the
Austroriparian life zone.

Colletes pulcher, n. sp.— g. Length 14 mm. With a general resem-
blance to C. thoracicus &, but very much larger ; clypeus coarsely striato-

‘punctate, covered with a dense beard of silky, yellowish white hair, that

above clypeus dense, erect and strongly tinged with orange ; vertex with
sides depressed, finely, densely punctured, except on a narrow subimpunc-
tate spot contiguous to lateral ocelli ; face coarsely punctured ; cheeks with
coarse, close, rather indistinct punctures; malar space striate, two-thirds
as long as broad ; antennez heavy, reaching well beyond tegule ; joint 3
one-half as long as four; thorax sculptured essentially as in thoracicus ;
pubescence of thorax above bright rusty red, that down sides of metathorax

' pale orange, that on pleura, legs and below grayish-white ; wings hyaline,

well clouded apically, nervures reddish-brown ; spurs yeliowish, the outer
one finely but very distinctly pectinate; abdomen polished, elongate oval,
first segment with small, distinct, well-separated punctures and sparse long
grayish pubescence, denser laterally, second and third segments punctured

44 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

much like first, but more closely and less distinctly so, following segments
indistinctly punctured ; apical margins of segments 1-3 slightly depressed
laterally, of segments 1-5 with narrow grayish-white fasciz, interrupted
medially on 1, and continued as fringes on venter; segments 4-7 with
elongated white bristles on margins. F

Type.—One 6, Fedor, Texas, March 19, 1904 (Birkmann). A very

distinct and exceedingly handsome species.

Colletes brachycerus, new name.

Colletes brevicornis, Perez (Actes. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, Vol. 58, p.
CCXXvi, 1903), is preoccupied by a North American species, C. brevicoruis,
Robertson (Trans. Acad. Sci., St. Louis, Vol. VII., p. 315-316, 1897).
The above name is, therefore, proposed for the European species.

GUESTS OF SPITTLE-INSECTS.

Insects of the family Cercopide, genus Clastoptera or one close y
allied, were very common in this region last summer, and the masses of
froth in which the clumsy larve splash their way to maturity and activity
were everywhere in evidence on the twigs and leaves of the wild hazel,
especially where this bush fringed the timber.

One hot July day, while annoying some of these semi-amphibious in-
fants by poking into their unpleasant habitations, I noticed some small
dipterous larvee that were apparently enjoying life under the same condi-
tions as the hemipter that built the foam. These flies were evidently able
to go through the life-cycle among the bubbles, for their little brown pupz —
were there, glued fast to the leaves by the drying of the froth. When
taken home and reared they proved to be of the species Drosophila
sigmoides, Loew, mentioned in Aldrich’s Catalogue of the Diptera as
occurring in Texas, and collected here in Minnesota possibly for the first
time.

The froth mass seemed to afford ample room for the owner and its
uninvited guests, and possibly neither knew that the other was there.
Even if a predatory wasp should carry off the Cercopid there would prob-
ably be enough dampness remaining to enable the flies to reach maturity
among the exuvie of the host, with the possible aid of the dew and rain

to keep them moist.
C. N. AINSLIE, Rochester, Minn.

YE ae ee Pen ee fais

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 45

PRELIMINARY LIST OF THE MACRO-LEPIDOPTERA OF
ALBERTA, N.-W. T.
BY F. H. WOLLEY DOD, MILLARVILLE, ALBERTA.
(Continued from Vol. XXXVII, page 252.)

408. Autographa Sackeni, Grt.—Rare. A ¢ and two @ ? are
labelled July r2th to 25th, taken in different years. At light, and flying
in sunshine. The ¢ bears Dr. Ottolengui’s label. As a matter of fact,
this and the preceding species were returned to me bearing the wrong labels.
The error was quite obvious from the figs. in Dr. Ottolengui’s paper, so I
reversed them. His letter to me at the same time convinced me as to the
lapsus. A ¢ which hatched out on July 23rd, 1902, from a larva found
feeding on Potentilla fruticosa a few weeks previously, has a broader black
border on secondaries, and differs slightly in the sign, but otherwise looks
the same.

409. A. Snowi, Hy. Edw.—I have three specimens dated July rst
to r2th, from the “Billing’s Mill” locality, where it seems to fly in com-
pany with Syugrapha igvea, but in fewer numbers. I never took the
species until 1903. Dr. Dyar gave me the name. Closely allied to the
preceding species, and similar in pattern. Comparing them, Dr. Otto-
lengui says in his paper concerning Svow?: “It is smaller, the apex of
the wing is much less produced than in Sackené and the colour is different.
As words do not adequately describe colour, let me resort to comparisons:
The colour scheme of Snow is the same as in sémplex, the browns and
reds being identical in shade. The coloration of Sackeni is nearer to, but
not exactly the same as ampla.......A spot at the base of the costa is
orange in Snow; it is more sagittate in shape and very pale yellowish in
Sackeni.” In my specimens Svowi has a dark apical shade, which
Sackeni Jacks. Both are.figured in Dr. Ottolengui’s paper.

410. Syngrapha devergens, Hbn.—A splendid specimen from Mr.
Bean, taken at the station level at Laggan about twelve years ago, was so
named for me by Dr. Ottolengui, but is not now in my collection. Mr.
Bean gave me to understand that it was common at Laggan. I have a
adly-rubbed specimen of the same species taken close to the station there
‘on ‘July 17th, 1904, by Mrs. Nicholl. It bears some resemblance toa
miniature ignea, but though the differences are obvious enough between
-good specimens, it is no use my trying to locate them with only one very
‘bad specimen of devergens at haud. It is not in the least like Dr. Hol-
Jand’s figure of the species, which bears a suspicious resemblance to Dr.

- February, 1906.

46 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Ottolengui’s fig. of par’/’s. In his paper Dr. Ottolengui mentions a/tico/a
as occurring in the Northwest Territories and suggests that it may ulti-
mately prove distinct from devergens of Labrador. In a/tico/a i fancy he
refers to the species he labeled devergens for me.

4it. .S. égnea, Grt.—Rather rare as a rule here on Pine Creek, but
comparatively common in 1903. It seems more common westward, and
I have it from well into the foothills. A day-flier, but also comes to
light. Dr. Ottolengui has several specimens from here, and gives me the
name. I quite fail to distinguish Dr. Holland’s fig. of Hochenwarthiz
from this species, except that it is a little smaller than any of my speci-
mens. End June and July.

412. Reabotis immaculalis, Hulst.—A single g from Lethbridge,
on July rrth, 1904, by Mr. Willing. It is a most appropriate name, as
the specimen is of a quite uniform dirty cream colour on all wings, and
bears not the least trace of maculation whatsoever.

413. Erastria panatela; Smith.—(Psyche, June, 1904, p. 60).
Described from three ¢ ¢ and one @, one male being a co-type in my
own collection, taken here at light on June 23rd, rgo1, and the rest from
Winnipeg. The type is with Prof. Smith. He remarks under the descrip-
tion: “This is one of the broad winged species, like mzsculosa or
includens, and resembles the latter, somewhat, in type of maculation.”

414. Therasea angustipennis, Grt.—Fairly common at light. June
and July. One specimen has a distinctly yellowish shading on the costa,
and otherwise differing slightly from the rest of my very short series, may
really be favicosta, Smith. It certainly resembles Dr. Holland’s figure of
that species, but I dare not separate on the one specimen.

415. Fruva fasciatella, Grt.—Rare. I have four specimens dated
from June 7th to Aug. 5th. It varies from dull smoky to creamy-white.
A smoky specimen is labelled “June 7th, sunshine,” and a white one
“Aug. 5th, light.”

416. Spragueia tortricina, Zell.—A single specimen dated June
18th, 1903, has been so named by Prof. Smith, The primaries are ochre
yellow, and it is almost certainly distinct from the preceding, notwith-
standing the names are referred to one species in Dyar’s list.

417. Drasteria erechtea, Cram.—Not ‘common, Some years very
scarce. Middle July and August. Treacle and light. Does not
habitually fly in daytime.

et ere 5.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 47

418. D. crassiuscula, Haw.—A 9, in fair condition taken flying
in daytime near the Red Deer River, 50 miles north-east of Gleichen, on
July 5th, 1904, is without much doubt this species. A ¢, taken at the
same time and place, is probably the same. I certainly have no females
from nearer to Calgary, but cannot be quite so positive about males.

419. WD. distincta, Neum.—Very common. Middle May and June.
Good specimens of both sexes from the above-mentioned Red Deer River
locality, dated July 6th and 8th, 1904, do not seem separable from the
Calgary form. A day-flier, rarely coming to light, and still more rarely to
treacle. Both sexes are figured from Calgary specimens in Can. ENT.,
XXXII, pl. 5, Aug., tgoo, but, unfortunately, the figures are not very
clear. So far as my own local material is concerned, I am strongly in-
clined to let the three names given above stand for these species. I
formerly had ¢ and 9? of erechtea standing respectively as erzchto
(crassiuscula) and erechtea, but becoming suspicious from the fact that I
only took males of one and females of the other, submitted a series of both
sexes to Prof. Smith, which resulted in my placing all my material from
south and west of Calgary under erechtea. The receipt, at different times,
of various specimens labelled crasstuscuda and erechtea from eastern corre-
spondents puzzled me considerably to know how the two were to be
distinguished, the more so since, as I now find, the labels were about as
often wrong as right. I had never seen Mr. Slingerland’s paper on
Drasteria in Insect Life, V, 87 and 88, 1892, of which Dr. Bethune has
kindly sent me an extract. The author of that article, it appears, after
critically examining a large number of specimens from various localities,
became convinced that erechtea and crassiuscu/a were distinct species, about
equally common, and that oehrea and distincta were varieties of the latter.
He found an exceptionally striking difference in the ¢ genitalia, and
another in the form of 2 abdomen. In 2 erechtea the ventral portion of
the seventh abdominal segment is as long as broad, with caudal margin
broadly rounded. In @ crasstuscuda it is broader than long, with caudal
margin broadly emarginate. In colour and maculation he differentiates
them thus. Zrechtea—fore wings above dark or light drab gray (in many
females brown or olivaceous) shade, with the two large dark bands always
separate, distinct and well defined towards inner margin in ¢ ; in 9,
markings always much less distinct, the subapical dentate spots never as
distinct as in the ¢, or as inthe @ of crasszuscula. The males are very

constant. Crasstuscula—fore wings above either distinct violaceous,
brown, or red shade, with the two large dark bands very variable, often

48 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

shading into ground colour on outer edge, or coalescing near inner margin;
all markings, especially subapical dentate spots, equally distinct in both
sexes. It is slightly smaller than evechtea, more variable; and marked
alike in both sexes. After reading the above I have been able to make

what I believe to be a fairly satisfactory separation of my eastern material
upon this basis, and certainly find the form of 2 abdomen a rather striking
character, combined with the practical absence of subapical black spots in
2 erechtea. Yhe males are certainly darker, but those of crasstuscula
seem to be less gray than in the other species, and in specimens where the
two bands are well joined on inner margin so as to form a rude U; the
reference to crasstuscu/a is probably safe. Mr. Slingerland states, how-
ever, that “ specimens occur which it is almost impossible to separate by
markings alone, and the structural characters must then be resorted to.”
In Ent. News, XV, 221, Mr. E. J. Smith states that Dr. Holland’s pl.
XXX, fig. 15, is not crassiuscula 3, but erechtea. From Mr. Slingerland’s
papers I should judge that it might be either, with the probabilities rather
in favour of the latter. Fig. 14 is certainly an excellent representation of
Calgary 2 erechtea.

I have so far received nothing from the east under the name of
distincta, but have males so closely resembling the Calgary form as to
make their specific diffzrence very doubtful, and have sent out numbers of
local specimens at different times without having the name questioned.
But, despite this fact, and that Mr, Stingerland says that crassiuscula is
“marked alike in both sexes,” I find more tendency to a sexual colour
difference in my eastern series under that name than exists in Calgary

distincta, of which the primaries may be best described as ashen-gray. |

Though the form of 9 abdomen resembles that of crasstuscu/a, the males
much more nearly approximate those of evechtea. The bands on primaries
scarcely seem to show more tendency to join, and with males alone to
deal with, and knowing nothing about the different habits of the two in hfe,
I should be almost inclined to look upon them as one seasonally
dimorphic species. Déstincia averages decidedly smaller, and is usually
much grayer, but single specimens are sometimes rather hard to place
without the aid of the date label. But the strong colour difference be-
tween the sexes of erechfea prevents any real confusion with dstincta.
The capture of the above-listed typical 2 crassiuscuda on the Red Deer
River, in company with the smaller and quite dissimilar Calgary form of
distincta, makes it hard for me to accept them as one species.

a. epee alent, . at eae

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 49

420. D. conspicua, Smith. (?= Luclidia annexa, Hy. Edw.)
Described from here, and both sexes are figured with the description.
The type is at Washington. Notcommon. Middle May to middle June.
Exclusively a day-flier. Prof. Smith states, “‘The species is so well

marked that it cannot be mistaken. The maculation of primaries is a
reduced copy of evechtea, much more distinct, but in the banded second-
aries generic habit is abandoned, and the form is unique.” He well
describes the colour of primaries as ‘‘ smoky, overlaid by bluish-white or
BEEIVOSGAIES. (255 ar: the markings smoky brown or blackish, contrasting.”
There is little difference between the sexes. Dr. Holland’s figure gives
an excellent idea of the species. In build it certainly looks like a
Drasteria, with 9 abdomen somewhat of the crassiuscu/a form, but the
banding of the secondaries, including a conspicuous discal lunule, is
almost as much like that of a Syweda. Sir George Hampson has the
species from here, and tells me it is identical with the type of Auclidia
annexa, Hy. Edw.

421. Leulidia cuspidea, Hbn.—Two specimens, One on Bow
River, near mouth of Fish Creek, June 24th, 1894; the other on Red
Deer River, about 50 miles north-east of Gleichen, June zoth, rgo1. The
last mentioned specimen is in my collection. Both were flying in sun-
shine. It is probably a prairie species, and hardly extends this far west.

422. Melipotis limbolaris, Geyer.—Have seen it common on the
prairie, near the mouth of Fish Creek, on Bow River. I have never seen
it in the hills. My specimens from there, two pairs, are dated June 25th
to Aug. 4th, 1893 and 1894. Prof. Smith saw a pair of these recently,
and returned them to me as this species, which name,he had given me for
it some years previously. Two pairs from the Red Deer River locality on
July 5th and 8th, 1904, are probably the same species. The sexual
dimorphism is strong, the females having a dull, washed-out appearance,
Were the secondaries orange instead of creamy-white, the resemblance
of the ¢ would be nearer to adivergens or Hudsonica than to /iméolarts of
Dr. Holland’s figures. A day-flier. Mr. Gregson records the species
from the Lacombe district on the authority of Dr. Fletcher.

423. Syneda Athabasca, Neum.—Fairly common some years, June

- to middle July. A day flter. The form, of which I have also both sexes

from the Red Deer River locality, is like Dr. Holland’s figure, but one
Red Deer ¢ and two Laggan (station levei) females have orange-tinted
secondaries, but) do not seem to differ in maculation. These three

50 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

specimens are almost as much like Dr. Holland’s fig. of A//eni, but are
darker throughout.

424. S. Hudsonica, G. and R.2P—A worn ¢ from Pipestone Creek,
Laggan, July 16th, 1904, looked to me like a dark suffused variety of what
I have listed as AZe/ipotis limbolaris, and I placed it in that series. I have
received, however, from Dr. Dyar as Hudsonica, a very closely similar ?
from Kaslo, but, unfortunately, also rather worn, In both specimens the
primaries are blacker, and secondaries much less orange than in Dr.
Holland’s figure.

425. Catocala unijuga, Walk.—Very rare at treacle, and occasionally
at rest in daytime, or in houses. My only two specimens are dated Aug.
27th and 2oth.

Var. Sletchert, Beut.—Named after Dr. James Fletcher. Dr.
Fletcher says in Rep. Ent.-Soc.; ‘Oat., No. 19, p.. 945.1903; Ay new
variety, which was collected by Mr. T. N. Willing, of Regina, when living
at Olds, Alta., about 60 miles north of Caigary. It is like the typical
form in markings, but the bands on secondaries, instead of being red, are
of a dark yellowish sooty-drab.” I am not sure where the type of. this
_ variety is at present.

426. C. briscis, Edw.—Rare. Treacle, in Aug. and Sept., and
occasionally at rest in daytime. I have a specimen in whica the basal
haif of both primaries and secondaries is almost entirely black.

427. C. relicta, Walk.—I never met with the species until 1904,
when three or four fine specimens, including both sexes, turned up at
treacle and light on Sept. 3rd and sth, which agree with a 9 sent, named
by Dr. Fletcher, from Ottawa. Mr. Gregson took two specimens at
Biackfalds on Sept. 15th and 17th, tgo1, which I have seen.

428. Erebus odora, Linn.—One ¢. Identified by Dr. Fletcher
from a coloured drawing made by Miss Moodie, of Calgary, in whose
possession I have seen the specimen, and who tells me that it was taken
in the town of Calgary in May, 1897. The specimen is badiy worn, and
is, of course, a migrant.

429. Lpizeuxis Americalis, Gn.—Common. Light and_ treacle.
End June and July.

430. Lhilometra goasalis, Walk.—Common at light. Also flies in
daytime. July.

431. LHypena humuli, Harr.—Very rare. Apparently double
brooded. A worn specimen at treacle on Red Deer River, about 55 miles

ee a Oe ee a ee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 51

north-east of Gleichen, June 21st. Two specimens here on Pine Creek,
June 24th and Sept. 18th, 1899, the latter in fine condition.
Var. a/bopunctata, Tep.—A @ in fine condition, Sept. 25th, 1899.
THYATIRID.

432. Habrosyne scripta, Gosse.—Very rare. Three specimens
only, in different years, at treacle. Middle June to middle July.

433. Lseudothyatira cymatophoroides, Gn., var. expultrix, Grt.—
A 4, in fair condition, at treacle, on July 5th, 1904, is exactly like Dr.
Holland’s figure.

434. Bombycia Tearlii, Hy. Edw.—Rare. Middle Aug. to middle
Sept. Treacle. The species here is of a smooth ashen gray, almost
immaculate except for the double brown t.a. and t.p. lines, and looks quite
different from the green and brown zmprovisu sent me by Mr. Hanham
from Victoria, B.C., which also seems to be a more heavily built insect.

NOTODONTID&. see

435. MWelalopha apicalis, Walker.—Rare. I have only taken three
specimens, all at rest in daytime in the town of Calgary. June 2nd to roth.
I have specimens from Cartwright, Man., and from Chicago, which are
rather smaller and darker, but otherwise Jook the same.

436. MM. albosigma, Fitch.—Very rare. May 21st to 31st. Light.

437. MM. Brucei, Hy. Edw.—KRare. May 21st to June 5th. Light.
Rather like apica/is, but differs not only by its darker colour, but also in
having the second and third lines entire, and not meeting centrally. In
apicalis, the third line springs from the second on the median vein, and
is not visible as a separate line above that point.

438. Hypereschra stragula, Grt.—Very rare. June 6th, 1894,
June r2th and 24th, 1903. Light.

439. Votodonta simplaria, Graef.—One fine ¢, at light, June 18th,
1goo.

440. Pheosta dimidiata, H.-S.—A @ taken at Olds, Alta., on July
7th, 1898, by Mr. T. N. Willing.. Named by Dr. Fletcher.

441. Harpyia scolopendrina, Bdn.—A 4 on May 31st, 1902, and a
@ May 11th, 1901. Both at light, and perfect specimens. A ?, crippled,
bred in early June, 1905, from a pupa found on a fence in Calgary.

442. H. (?var.) modesta, Huds.—Two g ¢ anda 2. One ¢
labelled June 21st, and probably taken at light, the other marked “ bred,
1894,” without day or month. The 2 is somewhat crippled and comes

from Mr. Gregson, bearing label ‘‘ June gth, 1902, Blackfalds, Alta., bred.”
The names are as quite recently given me by Dr. Dyar. He had some

Da THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

years ago called the same ¢ sco/opendrina which he now calls modesta
and Dr. Ottolengui had called a ¢ of the same species scolopendrina,
whilst the same ¢ which Dr. Dyar now calls scolopendrina, Dr. Ottolengui,
then named modesta, so I presume that the two forms are not well known.
Whatever their correct names may be, I feel certain that my two forms are
two species, and told Dr. Dyar so when I sent them. He wrote: ‘‘ They
certainly look like distinct species as you have them contrasted.” Briefly
described, my sco/opendrina has the ground colour white ; has patches of
fulvous scales on patagiz, on borders to median band, and anterior to apical
patch. The discal spot is narrowly linear, and there are three distinct
transverse crenulate lines beyond the cell, the inner one sharply toothed.
Expanse, ¢ 42 mm, 9 46 mm. My modesta have the ground colour
distinctly tinged with ochreous and lack the patches of fulvous scales.
The discal spot is ovate rather than linear, the three transverse lines be-
yond the cell are much less distinct, and the inner one is not toothed.
Expanse, ¢ ¢ 38 mm. 2? 4omm. Dr. Holland’s figure of sco/opendrina
bears a closer resemblance to this form than my No. 441.

442a. Hf. (? var.) albicoma, Strk.—A @ in fine condition taken
at Lethbridge on July 11th, 1904, by Mr. Willing, which I have seen and
closely examined. Whilst it is almost exactly like Dr. Holland’s figure of
albicoma, I have carefully compared it with my specimens of scolopendrina
and modesta, and cannot help thinking that it must be distinct from either,
though certainly nearest to scolopendrina. It is whiter than that form,
has no fulvous scales, and the black on thorax and abdomen is more
confined to the dorsal area. The central band is very narrow, and the
line before it is almost entire, instead of composed of mere spots, and the
two inner lines of the three beyond the cell are obsolete. With the ex-
ception of a transverse shade on the secondaries, the specimen is alto-
gether less smoky.

443. Gluphisia septentrionalis, Walk.—A ¢ at light, July 5th, 1396.

444. G. Lintneri, Grt.—A 9 at light, May 5th, 1900.

LIPARID.

445. Gynephora Rossii, Curt.--Three specimens were bred by Mr.
Gregson in 1902 from larvee found feeding on ‘‘ cottonwood” ( Populus
deltoidea, or FP. balsamifera) in the Blackfalds district. They all
emerged on the same day, June roth, but, unfortunately, two were
destroyed. The remaining specimen I have seen, and it was named by
Dr. Fletcher. There can be little doubt as to its identity. Mr, Gregson

oe

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ba

tells me that the larve were very dark brown, with rather short hairs, and
that they pupated in the spring after hibernation. He reports the larvee
as having been almost abundant during 1903, but says that he failed in
an attempt to hibernate some of them.

446. otolophus antigua, Lin.—Very rarely met with, idee! I
have only two records, both males. One was taken by myself near the
mouth of Fish Creek in 1893, and the other by Mr. Hudson, head of Pine
Creek, at rest on a binder, Sept. 3rd, 1903. I have not infrequently
found empty cocoons, sometimes with hatched ova on them, on trunks of
Populus tremuloides, which I believe to have been those of this species.

447. Olene plagiata, Walk.—VYwo fine males. One taken by Mr.
Hudson in 1903, labelled (? July 27th), probably at light ; the other July
gth, 1904, at light.

448. Malacosoma Americana, Harr.—A single ¢, bred on Aug.
6th, 1905, from a larva taken on the Red Deer River, northeast of
Gleichen. A large number of larve were collected there during the first
week in July by Mr. Hudson and myself, as they appeared obviously to
differ from those we were so used to seeing in the Pine Creek district.
Owing to an accident only one was brought to maturity. They were
found commonly feeding on rose, saskatoon and wolf-willow, but I cannot
recollect that we found them on true willow (Sa/¢x). They differed from
the larva of the following species in the predominance of pale gray mark-
ings, especially-in the Jateral area, at the expense of black and yellow. I
refer the species here, though with some doubt, owing to the resemblance
of the specimen bred to a series kindly sent me under the name from
Toronto by Mr. Gibson,

449. MW. fragilis, Stretch.—The name was first given me by Prof.
Smith, and Dr. Barnes has seen my series and not questioned its correct-
ness. I cannot state positively that I have not more than one species in
the series, but can draw no line. The males are normally darker than the
females, and vary from pale luteous (? var. constrictina, Neum. and Dyar)
to dark red-brown, with luteous transverse lines. ‘The central band is
nearly always darker, especially in luteous specimens, and the edges of the
band usually darker than the centre. Thus, in luteous specimens the dark
edges show up as lines when the luteous lines are dissolved in the pale
ground. The lines are generally even. I must admit that I have speci-
mens which I can hardly separate from some of my Ontario series of

Americana, which seem to differ mainly in being browner, with less of the
reddish tinge. The females show similar variation to the males, but run

ay THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

more to luteous and less to red, and the outer line is occasionally

crenulate, suggesting Ca/ifornica, of which, however, I have not, seen

authentic specimens. In two females no dark colours are on primaries, —
except the edges of the otherwise concolorous central band, and :dark

marks on fringes (? var. perZutea, Neum. and Dyar). In some seasons the

larvee are very abundant, their nests being especially conspicuous on dwarf
species of Sa/ix. They also appear to favour wild gooseberry and rose,

but are very rarely found on aspen. The imago comes to light from about

the middle of July to the middle of August, though in nothing like the

numbers that might be expected from the abundance of the larve, I

cannot see that the form differs, in the imago at any rate, from pluviadis,

recorded by Dr. Dyar in the Kootenai list. I have exchanged specimens

with Dr. Dyar, and he says of the Calgary form: ‘More nearly resembles

pluvialis than fragilis. Perhaps you are where the two forms run to-

gether.” Some of the species of this genus seem very obscure, and 1

believe are more distinct in the Jarval stage. This I regret that I have

not yet closely studied.

450. JM. disstria, Hbn.—Mr. Hudson found a brood feeding -on
aspen poplar (P. ¢remu/oides) in 1902, from which seven males and five
females were bred, all emerging between July 31st and Aug. 2nd.- I came
across another brood, also upon aspen, during June of the past year
(1905). Beyond these we have never met with the species. Mr. Gregson
takes it in the Blackfalds district. Dr. Fletcher, in his report to the
Director of Experimental Farms for 1904, states that on July 21st of that
year he found two destructive colonies of what he believed to be this
species on aspens, near St. Albert, ten or twelve miles north-west: of
Edmonton, In one case a patch of many acres was infested, and “‘the
moths were in thousands, and were just emerging from their cocoons.”

451. EHpicnaptera Americana, Harr.—Rather rare. Middle May to
middle June. Light. My only 9 was bred froma larva found full-grown.
{ did not discover the food plant, but believe it to have been 4 melanchier
alnifolia, here known as Saskatoon. Rev. G. W. Taylor, of Wellington,
B. C., tells me that he has often reared it on alder, but here that is far
more local than the moth.

Var. ferruginea, Pack. One at light, April 26th, 1894, nearly three
weeks earlier than my next earliest record for the species. ‘The specimen is
almost unicolorous rusty-red, withno gray shades or powdering at all,

(To be continued. )

+. Oke Sie ne ap ter}

Nn

ES ee a oon

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 00

RECORDS IN ORTHOPTERA FROM THE CANADIAN
NORTHWEST.

BY E. M. WALKER, B.A., M.B., TORONTO.

The following list of Orthoptera chiefly .comprises the species taken
by the writer during a month’s trip to the Canadian Pacific Coast in 1897.
But few stops were made, most of the specimens being taken at the various
stations along the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Asa rule, but a
few minutes to half an hour were spent at each stopping place, but in
Manitoba and British Columbia longer periods were spent, and better
Opportunities were to be had for collecting.

The list also contains the names of a few specimens taken by Dr.
Fletcher in British Columbia and Manitoba during rgor.

Very few specimens other than Acridiide were taken, as the writer
was at that time inexperienced in collecting the Gryllide and Locustide.
The species taken in Ontario are omitted, as they have already been
recorded elsewhere.

1. Llattella germania, Steph.—One female, Agassiz, B. C., Sept.
9, 1897.

2. TLetix granulatus, Kirby.—Agassiz, B. C., Sept. 9, 1897, 2
males, 1 female ; Winnipeg, Man., Sept. 20, 1897, 1 female.

3. Tettix Hancocki, Morse.—Sidney, Man., Aug. 29, 1897, t female.

4. Amphitornus bicolor, Tinom.—Vernon, B. C., Sept. 10, 1897.
2 females.

5. Chloealtis abdominalis, Vhom.—Banff, Alta., Aug. 31,Sept.1,1897,
2 males, 2 females ;. between Carberry and Neepawa, Man., Sept. 22,
3 females.

6. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Warr.—Brandon, Man., Aug. 29, 1897;
Swift Current, Assa., Sept. 20; Banff, Alta., Sept. 1 ; Sandon, B. C., Sept.
RGs;) Vernon,..b, C.,-Sept. 10.

: 7. *Gomphocerus clavatus, Thom.—Near Waldeck, Assa., Aug, 30,
1897, 1 male ; Pasqua, Assa., Aug. 30, t male, 1 female.

8. Mezostethus gracilis, Scudd.—Winnipeg, Man., Sept. 20,-1897,
2 males.

9 Arphia pseudomitana, Vhom.—Brandon, Man., Sept. 23, 1897 ;
between Souris and Boissevain, Man., Sept. 24; between Carberry and
Neepawa, Sept. 22.; Maple Creek, Assa., Sept. 20; Herbert, Assa., Aug.
303 Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30; near Gull Lake, Assa.,Aug. 30; Vernon,
Bate. Sepiule.; Victoria, be C.,-Sept.S.

February, 1906

56 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

10. Encoptolophus parvus, Scudd.-—Near Waldeck, Assa., Aug. 30,
1897, 1 male, 1 female ; Swift Current, Assa., Sept. 2c, 1 male ; Pasqua,
Assa., Aug. 30, tT male

11. Camnula pellucida, Scudd.— Portage la Prairie, Mam, Aug. 29,
1897; Plum Coulee, Man, July 3, 1901 (Fletcher); Brandon, Man.,
Aug. 29; Indian Head, Assa., Aug. 30; Canmore, Alta, Aug. 31;
Kananaskis, Alta., Aug. 31 ; Discovery Bay, Vancouver Id., B. C., Sept. 6.

12. Hippiscus Californicus, Scudd.—Vernon, B. C., Sept. 10, 2
males, 4 females. These specimens vary considerably in markings. One
of the males and one of the females lack the yellowish stripe along the
dorsal surface of the tegmina.

13. Mippiscus’ zapoterus, Sauss.—I have 1 female labelled Man.,
1880, from Dr. Brodie’s collection. Dr. Scudder writes that he has a
specimen from Mill Valley, Man., Aug. 10, 1900.

14. Dissosteira Carolina, L.—Vernon, Sept. to, 1 male, 1 female.
The female is an extremely iarger example, much larger than any I have
seen from the east. Ordinary examples were common elsewhere in B. C.

15. Spharagemon collare, Scudd.— Between Souris and Boissevain,
Man., Sept. 24, 1897 ; near Brandon, Man., Sept. 23 ; Rush Lake, ‘Assa.,
Aug. 30; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30; Morse, Assa,, Sept. 20 ; Chaplin,
Assa., Sept. 20; Purkbeg, Assa, Aug. 30, Sept. 20. This is a very
common species on the prairies, especially on the semiarid parts. It
shows great variation in colour and markings, and in the height of the
median carine of the pronotum, but all the specimens seem to belong to
the typical race co//are. Most of the Assiniboia specimens are collared,
but many of the Manitoba ones lack this feature and are more uniform in
coloration. ‘The median carina is generally lower. ‘The Manitoba
specimens were taken, as a rule, on sandy prairies ; those from Assiniboia
everywhere in the semiarid country.

16. Metator pardalinum, Sauss.(?)—Near Waldeck, Assa., Aug. 30,
1897, r male. This 1s a yellow-winged specimen, and is probably the
same as Westobregma maculosum, Sauss., which is reported from Alberta.

17. Mestobregna Kiowa, Tiiom.—Between Souris and Boissevain,
Man., Sept. 24, 1897 ; 10 miles north of Brandon, Man., Sept. 23 ; Morse,
Assa., Sept. 20; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30; Indian Head, Assa.,,
Aug. 20.

18. Cvnosor Wallula, Scud1--Vernon, B. C., Sept. ro, 2 males,

i female,

eed

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ol

19. Zrimerotropis caeruleipes, Bruner ?>—-Nanaimo, B.C., Sept. 7,
1897; Duncan’s, Vancouver Id., B.C., Sept. 7; Discovery Id., near
Wietoria,-B- C:;Septy 6.

This is a very common insect on Vancouver Id., but I did not meet
with it elsewhere.

20. Trimerotropis monticola, Sauss.—Near Waldeck, Assa., Aug.
30, 1897; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30; Morse, Assa., Sept. 20 ; near
Gull Lake, Assa., Aug. 30 ; Vernon, B. C., Sept. ro.

Very common on the semtarid parts of the Great Plains, associated
with and closely resembling the collared variety of Spharagemon collare.

21. TZrimerotropis Bruneri, McNeill.—Swift Current, Assa., Sept.
20, 1897, 1 male.

22. Trimerotropis longicornis, Walk.—Vernon, B. C., Sept. tro,
1897, 2 males.

23. Zrimerotropis vinculata, Scudd.—Revelstoke, B. C., Sept. 17,
1897 ; Vernon, B. C., Sept. 10; Agassiz, B. C., Sept. 9.

24. Trimerotropis sordida, Walk.—Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30,
1897 ; near Waldeck, Assa., Aug. 30; Morse, Assa., Sept. 20.

25. Cuircotettix suffusus, Scudd.—Donald, Bb. C., Sept. 3, 18, 1897 ;
Revelstoke, B. C., Sept. 11 ; Rossland, -B. C., Sept. 12 ; Robson, B. C.,
Sept. 12; Vernon, B..C., Sept. 10; Agassiz, B. C., Sept. 8; Discovery
Id), near Victoria, B. C., Sept. 5.

Very common on rocky and sandy places in B. C.; quite similar in
habitat, flight and stridulation to C. verruculatus, Kirby.

26. Circotettix lobatus, Saus3.—Vernon, B. C., Sept. 10, 1897, 3
males. 1 female. A rare species, not known before from Canada. It
makes a very loud but less harsh sound than C. suffusus and verruculatus.
They were taken in company with a number of otner Oedipodine from the
low, barren, semi-arid hills of the Okanagan district.

27. Circotettix carlinianus, ‘Vhom.—Pasqua, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897,
1 female.

28. fodisma Dodgei, Tnom.?—Laggan, Alta., 7,000 ft., Sept. ro,
1897, 1 female.

This specimen is considerably smaller than typical Dodge?, and is
somewhat differently marked. It is quite likely a new species.

29. Melanoplus Alaskanus, Scudd.p—Vernon, B. C., Sept. to,
1897, 1 male. This specimen was sent to Dr. Scudder, who wrote me
that it was either A/askanus or a new species near it. The subgenital

58 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

plate is very long—longer than that of the specimen of A/askanus
figured in Scudder’s Revision of the Melanopli.

30. Alelanoplus affinis, Scudd.—Vernon, B. C., Aug. 23, rgot,
female (Fletcher) ; Nicola: Valley, B. C., Aug. 20, roo1, 2 males,e2
females (Iletcher).

31. AMelanoplus bilituratus, Walk.—Donald, B. C., Sept. 3, 1897 ;
Vernon, .B. C., Sept: ro 3 Discovery Id., near“ Victoria, BoC., Sepia
Duncan’s, ~Nanaimo and Riddell, Vancouver. Id.,»¥B. C€), “Sepiniiay
Kelowna, B. C., Aug. 23, rgor (Fletcher).

Extremely common on the Pacific Slope, where it seems to be the
most abundant grasshopper.

32. Melanoplus atlanis, Riley.—Near Rosebank, Man., July 4,
tgor (Fletcher) ; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897 ; Parkbeg, Assa., Aug.
30; Kananaskis, Alta,, Aug. 31; Banff Alta., Sept. 1 ; Agassiz, sb@e
Sept. 9; Vernon, Aug. 23, 1901, 1 male, very large (Fletcher); Sept. to,
two females, very large.

The large specimens from Vernon may possibly belong to another
species, but I can find no structural differences from at/anis.

33. Aelanoplus spretus, Uhler.—Between Brandon and Souris,
Man., Sept. 23, 1897, 2 males; near Rosebank, Man., July 4, sgor,
numerous mature specimens and a few nymphs (Fletcher),

34. Melanopius Dawsoni, Scudd.—Between Souris and Boissevain,
Man., Sept. 24, 1897 ; between Carberry and Neepawa, Man., Sept. 22;
Brandon, Man., Aug, 2
Man., Aug. 29 ; Bergin, Man., Aug. 29; between Chaplin and Parkbeg,
Assa., Sept. 20, 1897.

One of the common grasshoppers of the prairies.

35. Melanoplus fasciatus, Walk.—Banff, Alta., Sept. 1, 2, 1897.
Rather common in open woods.

29; Carberry, Man,, Aug. 29 ; Portage la Prairie,

30. MWelanoplus femur-rubrum, DeG epee la Prairie, Man.,
Aug. 29, one male; Brandon, Man., Aug. 29, one male, one female ;
Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30, one male; near Waldeck, Assa., Aug. 30,
one male ; Agassiz, B.C., Sept. 8

All the specimens from the Plains, i.e., all but the one from Agassiz,
are of small size.

37. Melanoplus extremus, Walk.—Pium Coulee, Man.. July 3, 1901,
one male, short-winged (J. Fletcher).

38. ATelanoplus compactus, Scudd.-—Between Carberry and Neepawa,
Man., Sept. 22, 1897, two males, three females.

> =

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 59

39. Melanoplus Packardii, Scudd.— Nicola Valley, B.C., Aug. 20,
1gor, one male (Fletcher).

40. Melanoplus infantilis, Scudd.— Between Souris and Boissevain,
Man., Sept. 24, 1897 ; near Brandon, Man, Sept. 23; between Chaplin
and Parkbeg, Assa., Sept. 20, 1897 ; Moose Jaw, Assa., Aug. 30; Indian
Head, Assa., Aug. 29 ; near Waldeck, Assa., Aug 30.

Very common on the simtarid plains of Assiniboia.

41. MMelanoplus luridus, Dodge—Near Rosebank, Man., July 4,
Igor, one female (Fletcher). Between Brandon and Souris, Man., Sept.
23, 1897, one female ; 10 miles north of Brandon, Sept. 23, one female.

42. Melanoplus bivittatus, Say.—Near Rosebank, Man., July 4,
Igor, one male (Fletcher) ; Rush Lake, Assa., Aug. 30, 1897, one female ;
Vernon, BC., Sept. ro, one female. These all have glaucous hind tibie.

43. Asemoplus montanus, Bruner.—Vernon, B.C., Sept. 10, 1897,
one female ; probably this species, according to Dr. Scudder. It was taken
in a small low wood of poplar, Douglas fir, etc., surrounded by dry barren
hills.

44. <Asemoplus nudus, Walk.—Sandon, B.C., Sept. 16, 1897, two
males, one female ; Laggan, Alta., Sept. 19, one male, four females.

45. Scudderia furcata, Brunn.—Agassiz, B.C., Sept. 9, 1897,
common.

46. Xiphidium fasciatum, DeG.— Boissevain, Man., Sept. 24, 1897 ;
Agassiz, B.C., Sept. 9.

47. Cyphoderris monstrosa, Scudd.—Banff, Alta., Sept. 2, 1897,
two males (one immature). The mature male was found dead, but fresh,
lying in a pool of water from a hot sulphur spring on the side of Sulphur
Mountain. ‘The other was found under a stone close to the same pool.

48. Nemobius fasciatus, Scudd.—Var. abortivus, Cand.—Common
everywhere on the prairies—Man., Assa., Alta.

49. Gryllus abbreviatus, Serv.—Near Victoria, B.C., Sept. 6, 1897,
three males. These appear to be typical adéreviatus, although this species
is not recorded from the Pacific coast. Unfortunately no females were
taken.

Ata meeting of the Mount Royal Entomological Club, held on the
16th Dec. last, Mr. G. R. Southee reported the capture of Sphinx Jusct-
tiosa, Clemens, at Montreal, on July 3rd and 17th last. This moth has
always been very rare in that locality and its capture was a surprise to
several of the Montreal collectors.—G. CHaGNon,

60 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

BY D. W. COQUILLETT, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Stegomyia mediovittata, n. sp.—Proboscis black, unmarked, palpi
black scaled, in the male the bases of the joints white scaled, in the female
only the apices of the joints are white ; inner side of first antennal joint
white scaled, scales of occiput biack, a median line of white ones, those on
the sides yellow and white. Thorax brown scaled, a median line of white
ones, which is divided into two branches on the posterior fifth of the
mesonotum ; on either side of this line is a stripe of dark brown scales,
followed by a line of light yellow scales, which become whitish on the
posterior portion of the mesonotum ; a broadly interrupted line of white
scales midway between this line and the insertion of the wing, and a
similar line just above this insertion, a spot of white scales on the humerus,
and several similar spots on the pleura; scutellum with a spot of white
scales on each of its three lobes. Abdomen biack scaled, with a bluish
reflection, a spot of white ones near base of sides of the last four
segments, and a few white scales at apex of the last segment. Legs black
scaled, a line of white ones on anterior and posterior sides of each femur,
a spot above middle of anterior side of each tibia, the base of the first two
joints of the front and middle tarsi and the base of each joint of the hind
ones white scaled; tarsal claws of the female simple, those of the front and
middle tarsi of the male with one tooth under one of the claws, none under
the other, claws of the hind tarsi simple. Wings hyaline, the scales black.
Length about 3 mm.

San Domingo, West Indies. ‘Thirty-four specimens, collected by
fr. August Busck. ‘Type No. 9138, U. S. National Museum.

Stegomyia Busckit, n. sp.—Proboscis and palpi wholly black, no white
scales on the first antennal joints, scales of occiput brown, a median
stripe of yeilow ones, changing to white anteriorly, the sides of occiput
bordered with white ones, the lower half largely yellow scaled. Thorax
brown. scaled, a median pair of widely-separated yellow scaled lines on
the anterior three-fourths of the mesonotum, and between each of these
and the adjacent wing is a line of similar scales on the posterior half, an
interrupted line of white scales toward the sides of the mesonotum, and
several spots on the pleura ; scutellum brown scaled, and with a median

=

stripe of white ones. Abdomen black scaled, with a tinge of bronze ;
venter yellow scaled, and with a lateral spot of white scales on the last
three segments. Legs black scaled, those on under side of femora pale

February, 1906.

hepa

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 61

yellow, a dot of white scales at apex of each femur and tibia, bases of first
three joints of the hind tarsi white scaled; tarsal claws in both sexes as in
mediovittata. Length about 3 mm.

San Domingo, West Indies. A female and two males, collected by
Mr. August Busck, after whom this handsome species is named. Type
No. 9139, U. S. National Museum.

Tentorhynchus palliatus, n. sp.—Proboscis wholly black scaled,
palpi mixed black and yellow, occiput and mesonotum golden-yellow
scaled, a large spot on posterior half of mesonotum almost devoid of

scales (rubbed ?), pleura with several spots of whitish ones. Abdomen
biack scaled, with a strong tinge of purple, a spot of yellow scales at bases
of the third and fourth segments, and of white ones at base of each of the
following three segments, a patch of white scales in the outer front angles
of each segment; venter black scaled, and with a median stripe of yellow
ones on the first four segments. Legs biack scaled, those on the under
side of each femur yellow ; a spot of white scales at apex of each femur ;
base of first joint of each tarsus white scaled; tarsal claws simple. Wings
hyaline, scales brown, narrow-lanceolate and linear intermixed. Length
about 3 mm.

Trinidad, West Indies. A female collected: by Mr. F. W. Urich.
Type No. gt4o, U. S. National Museum.

Melanoconion Urichii, 1. sp.—Proboscis and palpi black scaled,
occiput yellow scaled. ‘Thorax thinly black scaled, the median part of the
posterior half chiefly yellow scaled, the bristles on this part and on the
scutellum yellow. Abdomen black scaled, the venter with a row of large
violet spots on either side of segments from two to six, the middle of the
venter golden-yellow scaled except on the narrow hind inargins of the
last four segments. Legs black scaled, with a purplish tinge, the under
side of the femora, at least basally, yellow scaled, a large patch of violet
scales before the apex of the front side of each femur, fourth joint of hind
tarsi white scaled (the fifth is wanting); tarsal claws simple. Wings
hyaline, somewhat smoky along the costa, the scales black, with a purplish
tinge, those in outer half of wings rather broad, oblanceolate. Length
about 4 mm.

Trinidad, West Indies. A female specimen, collected by Mr. F. W.
Urich, after whom this fine species is named. Type No. g1rqr, U. S.
National Museum.

62 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Verrallina insolita, n. sp.—Proboscis and palpi black scaled, occiput
white scaled around the edge, yellow scaled in the centre, and with a pair
of black scaled spots on the upper half. Thorax black scaled in the
middle, the sides in front of the wings broadly, and spots on the pleura,
white scaled. Abdomen black scaled, with a tinge of purple, middle of
venter, except on the broad apices of the last four segments, white scaled.
extending outwardly considerably on these segments. “Legs black scaled,
the under side of the front and middle femora towards the base, and the
whole of the hind femora except the base and a broad band beyond the
middle, white scaled ; narrow bases of first three joints of the front and
middle tarsi, both ends of the first joint and base of the second joint of
the hind tarsi white scaled ; claws of the front and middle tarsi toothed,
those of the hind ones simple. Wings hyaline, the scales brown. Length
nearly 4 mm.

Trinidad, West Indies. A female collected by Mr. F. W. Urich.
Type No. 9142, U.S. National Museum.

A NEW LASIOCAMPID FROM ARIZONA.
BY WILLIAM BARNES, S. B., M. D., DECATUR, ILL.

Eutricha Oweni, n. sp., ¢.—-Expanse, 70 mm. Thorax, abdomen
and fore wings reddish-brown, more or less lightened from an admixture
of pale gray or whitish scales or hairs. Fore wings crossed by four lines,
one at inner fourth dark reddish-brown, accompanied by a pale inner line,
almost transverse, only slightly incurved at costa and inner margin. The
dark portion of the line is well marked, the paler portion not ‘so distinct.
The course of the line is slightly irregular, not perfectly smooth and even.
The second line is just beyond the middle of the wing, it is similar to the
first, only the pale shade is on the outer side. It is slightly exserted
beyond cell, somewhat drawn in at the inner margin and a little wavy at
costal end. The space between these two lines is somewhat darker than
the rest of the wing. ‘The third line is much fainter than the others, but
is rendered more prominent by the contrast between the paler shade of the
wing following and the slightly darker shade preceding it, which latter
is) however, a trifle paler than the median space. The fourth or sub-
terminal line is irregular and broken into short intravenular dots and bars,

February, 1906,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 63

which are of a darker colour than any of the other markings. The wing
following this line is somewhat darker than the portion preceding it. The
veins of about the outer half cf the wings are paler than the interspaces.
Outer margin slightly scalloped, fringe concolorous. Hind wings of
uniform reddish-brown, darker than fore wings. Fringe whitish at
extreme edge. Outer margin quite distinctly scalloped.

Beneath the fore wings are of about the same shade as the hind wings
above, while the hind wings beneath almost match the fore wings above in
colour. The fore wings are somewhat washed with gray towards apex
and outer margin. A double outer line more or less in evidence, the
inner of the two, on hind wings, being well marked, the outer one much
fainter. On fore wings both lines are quite faint, though easily traceable.
Antenne brown, quite broadly bipectinate to tip.

9. Expanse, 92 mm. Compared with the g, the wings are much
more distinctly scalloped, the colour of head, thorax and fore wings, while

still somewhat lighter than the hind wings, is not so much mixed with
gray, and the pale band preceding the subterminal broken line is much
more contrasting, being quite a little paler than the rest of the wing, while
the median space is only a shade darker.

The relation of colours of the under side to the upper is the same as
in the ¢, the hind wings, however, being only a trifle lighter than the
fore. The transverse lines are less well marked, being scarcely traceable,
except toward costa of fore wing.

Types gand?. Southern Arizona, August 21st, Chiricahua Mts.

I take pleasure in naming this beautiful species after Mr. V. W.
Owen, of Los Angeles, California, who kindly sent the specimens to me
for description. It is congeneric with my Coronada, and from the evident
resemblance to figures of various species of /’utricha, given in the Biol.
Cent. Amer., there is no question but that they belong to that genus.

Haticrus Pecosensis.—The type of this new species came from
Pecos Canon, N. M., not from Pecos, as stated on page 6.

Mr. W. R. Dewar, a graduate of the Ontario Agricultural College,
Guelph, has been appointed Entomologist of the Agricultural Department
of Cape Colony, South Africa.

64 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

| BOOK NOTICE.
THE BUTTERFLIES OF THE West Coast OF THE UNITED StatEs.—By
William Greenwood Wright. Price, postpaid, $4.35. Published by
the author, 445 F. St., San Bernardino, California.

For a score of years Mr. Wright has been known to North American
Lepidopterists as a keen and enthuiastic collector of butterflies, and now
he has given to the world the results of his labours in the form of this
large and handsome volume. It is profusely illustrated with 32 plates in
colour photography, containing over goo examples, and depicting all the
species of butterflies, except the very commonest, that are found on the
Pacific Coast. There is also a portrait of the author as a frontispiece,
which forms a welcome addition to the book. One is struck at the first
glance with the wealth of species that are unknown to us here, as for
example in Parnassius, Anthocharis, Synchioe and Chionobas, and the
abundance and variety in Pieris, Colias, Meliteea, Chrysophanus and
other genera. For these plates and descriptions alone the book is well
worth having, and anyone who exchanges with western collectors will find
it most useful as well as delightful ; to our friends in British Columbia it
is surely incispensable.

Vhe first part of the volume, some thirty pages, is taken up with
“General features of Butterfly life,’ and contains the author’s views on
many points of interest, respecting some of which there is much diversity
of opinion. There are also some good hints on collecting and preserving

specimens. This is followed by a complete list of the butterflies of the ~

United States, with localities, which will be found of much value. The
body of the work consists of notes upon each species and variety taken in
the “‘West Coast” région, giving the points of difference between varieties
and disputed species, and descriptions of a number of new species. Asa
rule the figures on the plates are considered to be sufficient for identifica-

tion without description, especially as the upper and under surfaces of

both sexes are generally depicted. ‘There are no doubt some instances

where the author’s conclusions will not be accepted by others, but we are
not competent to offer any opinion upon them. A satisfactory decision
can only be arrived at by those who have studied these butterflies in their
native haunts and who have reared the varieties for more than one
generation. We hope that the book will be in demand all over the
Continent, and that the author may not suffer pecuniarily in his enter-
prise ; certainly anyone who procures it cannot fail to be pleased, and it
will form an admirable complement to Dr. Holland’s ‘‘Butterfly Book.”

Mailed February 5th, 1906.

s
Ee Se

SRS. 9 A NR Ns ee

yp ON PR AEGIMESD ye

The G anaiay ¥ntomalogist

Vou. XXXVHL LONDON, MARCH, 1906. No. 3

BRAC LICAL AND! POLRULAR ENTOMOLOGY No: 11.
HousEHOLD INSECTS.

BY WM. LOCHHEAD, ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL CCLLEGE, GUELPH.

Who is not interested in the insects that persist in living in our homes
as unwelcome guests? Some of these intruders are blood-thirsty creatures,
and torment the bodies of their helpless hosts ; some confine their
attentions to the carpets, woollens, and upholstery, and others are partial
to the pantry, but all are heartily hated by the industrious housewife. In
a short popular article such as this one, only brief notes will be given
regarding the habits of some of the most important house insects, and only
the best practical treatment will be indicated. The .writer would refer
those readers who desire to know more about these insects to the Reports
of the Ontario Entomological Society, and to the Bulletins of the Bureau
of Entomology at Washington.

For convenience of consideration, household insects may be grouped
as follows :

1.. Those molesting and annoying the inmates of the house:
House-flies, Mosquitoes, Fleas, and Bed-bugs.

2. Those injuring the carpets, woollens and upholstery : Carpet-
beetles and Clothes-moths.

3. Those feeding on food products in the pantry: Larder-beetles,
Ham-mites, Cheese-skippers, Meal-worms, Flour-beetles and Flour-moths,
Cockroaches, and House-ants.

HouseE-FLigs.—There are several species of these ubiquitous crea-
tures. The common House-fly (A/usca domestica) may annoy, but it never
bites us. The Stable-fly (.Stomoxys calcitrans) is a frequent visitor to our
houses, more especially just before rain, and torments us by its sharp
bites. Another species is the Blue-bottle or Blow-fly, but the House-fly
is by far the most abundant form. ‘The eggs of this species are deposited
mainly on horse-manure about stables. A generation occupies from 10 to
14 days, depending on the temperature, the egg stage lasting about 24
hours, the larval or maggot stage from five to seven days, and the pupal
Stage from five to seven days. As each female lays over 100 eggs, it will

66 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

readily be seen how a few flies wintering over may give rise to millions of
flies in late summer.

The prompt treatment of horse-manure with lime in special pits
should be insisted upon in towns and cities, but where flies are abundant
we must continue to use screens and sticky fly-paper to mitigate the
annoyance.

Mosquiroes.— Here again, there are several species. The most
common form is perhaps Culex pungens. ‘The eggs are laid on the
surface of the standing water of ponds, marshes and rain-barrels ; the
wrigglers escape from the eggs in about 24 hours, and transform to pupe
in 10 or 12 days, and the adult mosquitoes make their appearance two or
three days after, a generation occupying, therefore, 14 to 16 days during
warm weather. As in the case of the house-fly, the winter is passed in the
adult stage. It is now known that one species of mosquito is the cause of
malaria and another of yellow-fever.

Careful attention to water-barrels and the drainage of ponds and
marshes is absolutely necessary if freedom from mosquito attacks is
desired. A little kerosene poured on stagnant water containing wrigglers
will kill them.

Fieas.—The most common flea is the Cat- or Dog-flea ( Pulex
serraticeps) (Fig. 4). These are
sometimes very abundant in rooms
occupied by dogs and cats. The
eggs are deposited loosely among
the hairs of these animals, and often
Crop to the floor or matting, where
the larvee develop, especially if the
mats are undisturbed and the floors
are not swept. Liberal dusting of
the infested animals and floors with

pyrethrum insect powder, the re-

Fig. 4.—Flea and its egg, greatly magnified.

newal of the mats for the dogs, and
the burning of the infested mats, will control fleas.

Bep-pucs.—These disgusting insects (Ciyex /ectu/aria) sometimes
get into the houses of the most careful housekeepers, when travellers are
entertained. The cheaper hotels in many parts of the west are often
badly infested, and the bedrooms have a decided ‘‘buggy” odour. These
festive insects hide in the daytime in the cracks of the furniture and walls,

eae

——

J ERE I

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 67

but at night they are active. The eggs are white, and are laid in batches
in cracks of the woodwork of the room.

Wooden beds should be discarded, and benzine should be carefully
applied at intervals to all the crevices, small as well as large.

CARPET-BEETLES.—There are two species, the Buffalo Carpet-beetle
(Anthrenus scrophularie) (Fig. 5) and the Black Carpet beetle ( Attagenus
piceus). The former
has become very abun-
dant in many sections of
the province, and con-
siderable damage has
been reported... The
grub, or larva, does the

harm, and is_ readily

Fig. 5.—Buftalo Carpet-beetle, all stages, much magnified.

recognized by the stiff
brown hairs that clothe the body. Its length is about one-quarter inch.
Its habit is to cut long slits in the carpet, working along the cracks in the
floor.

The adult is a small, rather pretty beetle, about one-fifth of an inch
in length. The colour is black, mottled with red and white markings.
Many of the adults appear in the fall, and pass the winter as adults, while
others appear in the spring. In heated houses the beetles continue to
appear throughout the winter. In spring thousands of the beetles may
frequently be observed on the blossoms of Spireas and many other
plants ; and no doubt many adults fly into houses from these plants
through the open windows.

To rid an infested house of these beetles, it is necessary to take up the
carpets, thoroughly beat them out of doors, and to spray them with benzine.
The floors should be swept carefully, the cracks dusted out, sprayed
with benzine, and filled up with putty or plaster of Paris. Since damage
is done mainly along the borders of the rooms, the carpets should be
examined from time to time, _It is advisable to replace the carpets with
rugs, as the latter are easily taken up and beaten.

The Black Carpet-beetle is frequently met with. The larva has a
long tuft at the hind end of the body, and is readily distinguished from the
Buffalo Carpet-beetle. The adult is a small, oval, black beetle, and has
been often noted as a pest in museums and flour-mills, in addition to
dwelling-houses.

68 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The treatment recommended for the control of the Buffalo Carpet-
beetle will answer for the. Black Carpet-beetle.

CLoTHES-MOTHS.—There are three species that are more or less
common, viz., the Case-bearing Clothes-moth ( Zinea pellionella) (Fig. 6),

} | i PEN

A ~
BAD, Ne asausncasease VAR AESEESY

ha |
|

Lilet idrdb hid] Vif ll j

Fig. 6.—Case-bearing Clothes-moth, much magnified.

the Naked Clothes-moth ( Zinea diselliella), and the Tube-building
Clothes-moth ( Zinea tapetze//a). ‘The habits of the larve of these three
species are quite characteristic, and their English names, as given above,
describe fairly well their mode of working.

The adults of Clothes-moths are tiny moths, not the large ‘‘ millers”
that fly into our houses in the summer.

As a rule, only those articles of wear are injured that are left undisturbed
for a time. Consequently clothes that are hung
away in closets should be taken out frequently
and beaten and exposed to the air out of doors
for a few hours. In the spring winter clothing,
furs, blankets, etc., should be well brushed and
aired, then stored away in paper bags or other
suitable pest-proof boxes, care being taken to
close tightly the mouths of the bags by the use
of paste.

With upholstery it may be necessary occa-
sionally to spray carefully with benzine, and to
air for several hours. Fig. “PeELAtmerheauka erable

LARDER-DEETLES.—( Dermestes lardarius ) b hea eae mate,
(Fig. 7). hese are dark-brown beetles, witha
lighter band across the base of the wing-covers. The larve are dark,

nn Oe et tin See 5

~

9

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 69

nairy grubs, about one-third inch long. They are often found in museums,
and sometimes overrun pantries and rooms containing meat, cheese and
other animal products.

When a room becomes badly infested, it should be cleared of its
contents, and thoroughly treated with either benzine spray or the fumes

of carbon bisulphide, when there is no fire or light near. Occasional
treatment in this way will keep the room practically free from these dis-
agreeable beetles.

CHEESE, HAM AND FLour Mires.—There are two common species
of mites infesting the pantry, viz.: Zyroglyphus longior and Tyroglyphus
siro. (Fig. 8.) These pests breed very rapidly, and are especially fond
of cheese. They can remain for months in a dormant condition as hard-
shelled creatures, and under favourable conditions return to a state of
activity. It is believed that it is while they are in
this torpid state they are carried to new places
and new food supplies.

Complete extermination of these mites is
difficult, but if the infested room be thoroughly
cleaned, and given a careful fumigation with
sulphur or carbon bisulphide, little headway can
be made by these creatures. Infested food
products should be destroyed when first observed.

FLOUR-BEETLES, FPLOUR-MOTHS AND MEAL-
WoRMS.—Some Meal-worms are grubs of certain
Bk Mote oite wreatty beetles, while others are caterpillars of certain

aaa moths. The most common forms are the Con-
fused Flour-beetle (77zbolium confusum), the Yellow Meal-worm
( Tenebrio molitor), the Meal Snout-moth (Pyralis farinalis), the Saw-
toothed Grain-beetle (.S7/vanus surinamensis), and the Cadelle ( Zene-
brioides mauritanicus), the last two species being most destructive in
stored grain.

The most effective treatment of flour and meal pests is fumigation
with carbon bisulphide. Half a cupful poured into a saucer placed on the
top of the flour will suffice for a barrel, if the whole is covered tightly and
left for a day ortwo. It must be borne in mind, however, that it is
dangerous to bring a light near the vapour of carbon bisulphide, and great
care should be exercised.

70 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Tiny Rep Ants are frequently great nuisances about dwellings.
They have ‘“ the faculty of getting into articles of food, particularly sugars,
syrups, and other sweets.” As they nest in the walls or beneath the
flooring, it is sometimes difficult to eradicate them, but even inaccessible
nests may be reached by the injection of carbon bisulphide. Sponges
saturated with a sugar solution will attract ants by the dozens, and have
been used successfully as traps. When full of ants the sponges are
dropped into boiling water, and then replaced, and this done until the
colony is exterminated.

ANOTHER GEOMETrRID TANGLE.
BY RICHARD F. PEARSALL, BROOKLYN, N. Y.

In a paper written not long since (Can. Enr., Vol. XXXVIL., p. 344)
I stated that in examining the type of Dr. Hulst’s genus Talledega
(Lobophora montanata, Pack.) the male was possessed of characters which
would place it in the genus Zodophora, Curtis, and that in consequence
the genus Zad/edega would fall. I did not know then that two species,
belonging to different genera, were passing under the name of montanata,
Fack., but such is the fact. JZontanata was described by Dr. Packard
in 1874 from specimens taken in Colorado, and he gives an excellent plate
with his redescription of it in Mono. Geom., 1876, pl. 9, fig. 21. With
these he mingled specimens from Amherst, Mass., Quebec and Montreal,
Can., to which he refers at the close of his description thus: ‘The
specimens from Quebec, and Amherst, Mass., differ from the Coloradean
examples in being whiter, with less of a flesh-coloured tint, and with the
lines less distinct on the hind wings.” Now, this Eastern fofm, as he
considered it, I take quite frequently in the Catskill Mts., and an exam-
ination of it led me to believe Dr. Hulst was in error when he defined the
genus Zadledega. ‘This is not the case. TZad/edega stands with the true
montanata, Pack., as its type, and the associated Eastern species goes into
the genus Zobophora, Curtis. What species is it? I believe it to be the
ineqgualiata of Packard, described and figured also (Mono. Geom., 1876,
p. 180, pl. 9, fig. 20) from a single female, taken by Mr. H. K. Morrison
on Long Island, and from that locality I also have one ¢ specimen. The
plate is an excellent one of this form, but the type is lost so far as I can
discover. It is not inthe Packard coll. at Cambridge—but Dr. Hulst
has decided that ¢negualiata, Pack., is synonymous with x7vigerata,
Walk., which, if correct, would make THIS species the nivigerata, Walk.,
and nor the small species from California, one-third less in size and not

March, 1906,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. fA!

corresponding with either plate or description of ¢zeguadiata, now bearing
the name of Philopsia nivigerata, so called by Dr. Hulst. I have not
found any specimens of the iatter taken outside California. Certainly it
could not have been captured on Long Island, nor at St. Martin’s Falls,
Hudson’s Bay Terr., whence Walker’s typecame. If I am correct in this
(and only by comparison with Walker’s type can this be proven) then our
California species has never been named or described. If I am mistaken,
then what I call zweguadiafa remains a good species in the genus
Lobophora, Curtis.

Through the kindness of Dr. Wm. Barnes, who sent me his material
in this group, Ihave been enabled to reach these premises and others.
Among it were specimens of Z: monfanata, var. magnoJiatoidata, Dyar,
so labelled, I think by him, from Arrowhead Lake, Man. In describing
it (Proc. U. S. Nat. Museum, Vol. XXVIL., p. 889) he says: “It differs
from the eastern monfanata in the much darker colours, etc.” Disasso-
ciated from the eastern form, which belongs to another genus, and placed
with its real relatives from Colorado and California, these contrasts
vanish, and, in my opinion, it does not represent even a geographical race.
Specimens from Palo Alto, Cal., are darker in colour and the lines more
distinct, but in this family such forms appear in every group, and if named
at all, should represent a fixed variation, constant in some locality, due to
climate or habitat. With these also were specimens of TZad/edega
tabulenta, so labelled from Cartwright, Man. His type came from Alert
Island, Alaska. These may constitute a good species, but I cannot
separate them from our eastern Lodophora, of which | have 18 males and
6 females before me. In any event they beiong to the genus Lodophora,
the males having hair pencil on hind tibia. There is also a single ? from
Victoria, B. C., which may be the Aiaskan species. The Hulst type is in
such poor condition its markings cannot be compared, but a male speci-
men is necessary to help settle that point. I would be glad to receive
from collectors in Manitoba and B. C. any of this group in both sexes for
further study, and I will not confiscate their material without consent. | 1
hope they will second my endeavours to straighten out these complexities.
and this is my excuse for presenting some theories now, instead of definite
findings later.

It is not impossible that Walker’s type of m/vigerata may be con-
specific with the Alaskan, Manitoban or British Columbian species. Who
can tell?

(To be continued.)

72 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

GUELPH BRANCH OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF
ONTARIO.

The fifth regular meeting of the Guelph Branch was held in the
Agricultural College on Wednesday evening, January roth, 1906, with 19
members and 3 visitors in attendance.

Mr. T. J. Moore gave a very interesting talk on the habits and life-
histories of several species of Lepidoptera. _ He exhibited many very fine
specimens in different stages of development.

Mr. D. Jones presented notes on several species of Caddice-flies
taken at Guelph in the summer of 1905. One of the species was new to
science, and will be described by Mr. Nathan Banks, of Washington.

Mr. G. E. Sanders presented notes on the Cotton moth (A/etia
argillacea) taken at Guelph in the summer of 1905. It was found after
four or five days of strong wind from the south. It has not been known
to breed north of the Guif States.

Mr. C. R. Klinck presented notes on some Pseudoscorpions he
found last summer under a board ina poultry-house. These arachnids
feed on small insects and mites.

Prof. Sherman announced to the club that the Kilman collection of
beetles and other insects had been purchased by the College.

Mr. M. Baker discussed three greenhouse insects, viz.: White fly,
Black aphis and Green aphis. Specimens in all stages of their life-history
were exhibited under the microscope for examination by the members.
Affected plants were also exhibited, and methods for combating the pests
were briefly discussed. .

The sixth regular meeting was held in the Agricultural College on
Wednesday evening, Jan. 24th, with 17 members and two visitors in
attendance.

Mr. J. R. Dickson discussed the 17-year Locust. He brought out
very many interesting facts about its life-history and habits. This insect
has not yet been recorded in Ontario, although quite common in New
York and Michigan.

Mr. T. D. Jarvis presented notes on a species of Lecanium attacking
the ironweod. This species is probably more abundant than any other
in Ontario. Mr, H. A. Bond presented notes on thé Two-spotted
Lady-beetle. He found several specimens in the nest of a mud wasp.

A brief review of the current literature was given by Mr. B. Barlow.

T. D. JARvVis, Secretary.

7
a
;
’
5

PR

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

-~TWO NEW SCALE-INSECTS.
BY R. S.°.WOGLUM, RALEIGH, N. C.

While making a study of the Coccide representing the genus
Aspidiotus (sews. Zatiss.) in the collection of Cornell University, I found
two undescribed species ; both are from the United States. These species
are characterized as follows :

Aspidictus oxycoccus, n. sp. (Fig. 9.) i

Scale.--The scale of the female is almost flat, and very variable in
shape. It is usually cit-ular, or nearly so, but may be elongate with sides
parallel. The scales on the upper surface of the leaves are black ; those
on the under surface are dirty gray to dark brown, usually the lighter

}

\
yw a

Fig. 9.—Aspidiotus oxycoccus—Pygidium and Anal Fringe.

colour. Exuvi are central to sub-central. The younger scales have the
exuvize marked by a small brown or blackish nipple-shaped process, which
often disappears in the older scales, leaving the yellowish-orange exuviz
exposed. The secretion covering the remainder of the exuvie is of a dirty
gray colour, and usually presents a marked contrast to that part of the
scale immediately surrounding it. The scale of the male is similar to that
of the female in size and colour. It is elongate with sides parallel.

Female.—The female is dull brown, broadly pyriform. about .47 mm,

broad by.57 mm. long. The pygédium is furnished with two pairs of lobes.
March, 1906 ;

74 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The mesal lobes are the largest, and are parallel, widely separated,
broadly notched once on both outer and inner sides, with ends rounded,
and slightly narrowed at the base, 10-12 » broad by 12-14 p long. The
lobes of the second pair are small, entire or slightly notched on outer side.
Incisions are wanting. The A/ates are slightly shorter than the mesal
lobes, and are situated as follows: Two between mesa! lobes, two be-
tween first and second lobes, 6-8 laterad of second lobe. ‘The inter-
‘lobular plates and the first three laterad of the second lobe are deeply and
similarly branched ; the remainder are simple or irregularly branched.
The sfznes are small, shorter than the lobes. On the dorsal surface they
are situated as follows: One at the outer part of the base of the mesal
lobes, one at the base of the second lobe, one just beyond third plate
laterad of second lobe, one just beyond fringe, and one at the anterior
margin of the pygidium. Spines on the ventral surface are similarly
situated ; wanting at the mesal lobes. ;

The spcnnerets are in four groups ; anterior laterals g—12, posterior
laterals 6-8. The anus is midway between the mesal’lobes and the

Big

g-

1o.—Aspidiotus pseudospinosus—Pygidium and Anal Fringe.

posterior lateral spinnerets, or about 50 from the mesal lobes. The
vaginal opening is between the posterior lateral spinnerets. The fores
are in three rows on either side of pygidium. Dorsal tubular spinnerets
are numerous, elongated, about r5—20 on either side of pygidium. The
body of the insect is fringed at the sides with small spines.

Habitat.—On Cranberry. Collected by J. B. Smith in 189r.

PR Re Ee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Aspidiotus pseudospinosus, n. sp. (Fig. 10 )

Scale.—The scale of the female is circular, or somewhat oval, slightly
convex, 1.5—2 mm. in diameter ; covered by a brown fungus.

Female.—The female is brownish-yellow, nearly circular, about .58
mm. broad by .6 mm. long. The Aygédium is furnished with two pairs
of lobes. The mesal lobes are large, widely separated (5-6 ;), parallel,
distinctly notched op both outer and inner sides, rounded at end, about
12-14 » broad by 12-13 » long. Lobes of the second pair are much
smaller than the mesal lobes, entire or slightly notched on outer side.
Incisions are wanting. Plates are well developed They are situated as
follows: Two between the mesal lobes, two between the first and second
lobes, and six to ten laterad of the second lobe. ‘The interlobular plates
and the first three laterad of the second lobe are branched ; the remainder
are simple, unbranched. Sféwes are large. On the dorsal surface they
are situated as follows: One at the outer side of the base of the mesal
lobe, one at the base of the second lobe, one just beyond the third plate
laterad of the second lobe, one just beyond the last plate, and one at the
anterior border of the pygidium. The first three spines are as long as or
longer than the plates. Spines on the ventral surface are similarly
situated ; wanting at the mesal lobes. Sfzunere¢s are in four groups ;
anterior laterals 5-7, posterior laterals 3-6. The anus is large, and
situated at the caudal end of the pygidium, about 28—33 » from base of
mesal lobes. The vaginal opening is between anterior and posterior
lateral groups of spinnerets. The fores are large, in two rows on each
side of pygidium ; 6-10 pores in each row. Dorsal tubular spinnerets
are present, short, irregular, or seldom in two rows on each side, about
15-20 on each side.

This species is closely related to A. sfinosus, Comst., from which it
differs mainly by the presence of dorsal tubular spinnerets. The mesal
lobes are not prolonged inward as in sfznosus, and are more widely
separated (2-3 » In spinosus). The plates also differ.

Habitat.—The specimens were taken from Saw Palmetto, collected
in Florida by W. H. Field in 1882, and since have been in the collection
of the Entomological Department of Cornell University.

Types of the two above described species are in the Entomological De-

partment of Cornell University, and the U.S National Museum.

76 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

NEW LEPIDOPTERA.
BY ANDREW GRAY WEEKS, JR., BOSTON.

Adelpha Oronoco, sp., NOV.
Habitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, 1.60 inches.

Head and thorax dark brown above, with a slight white dot at base
of each antenna; below nearly white. Palpi black above, white below.
Abdomen dark brown above, below nearly white, with a dusting of tawny
scales on the last two segments. Antenne dark brown.

The upper side of both wings has the black linings or threads, the
brown ground colour, and tawny markings so prevalent in many species of
this genus. :

Upper side of fore wing rich brown. Hind margin slightly dentated.
From the centre of costa a broad tawny band extends downwards to
centre of inner margin parallel to hind margin. This band is the
prominent feature of the upper surface. he portion of this band in the
interspace at the end of the discoidal space suffuses outwards a sixteenth
inch towards hind margin. Above the end of this, in apical area, are two
tawny spots. These spots might be considered a portion of the band but
broken from it by an area of the ground colour. The basal half of the
wing, within the tawny band, is rich brown excepting four black lines
which cross the discoidal space in pairs, and a slight dash of black close to
base. This dash is repeated in less degree in the next lower interspace.
The pair of black lines next beyond this dash enclose a small space of
dark tawny ; these lines are repeated in the first submedian interspace.

The upper side of lower wing is of the same ground colour, crossed
by a very prominent band of white, an extension of the tawny band of the
fore wing, and tapering somewhat as it approaches anal angle. The outer
edge of this band at its upper portion is lightly dusted with tawny scales.
The marginal area outside of this band is rich brown, crossed by three
bands or lines of black, parallel to one another and following the dentated
contour of the hind margin. They join at the anal angle, where there is a
prominent tawny spot, ‘The inner marginal area is of the ground colour.

On the under side of fore wing the tawny band of upper surface is
nearly white, with suffusions of tawny. The discoidal space is white,
crossed by two heavy bands of tawny, edged with black. The costa is
tawny. Subcostal space near base is white. The hind margin is slightly
edged with black, within which is a tawny marginal band, becoming white
in the two lower interspaces. Within this, at the apex, are two indistinct

i7tafa ee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. fis

whitish spots, one below the other, and there are three more prominent
white spots in the three lower interspaces. At the apex, nearer the base
than these two whitish spots, are two more larger ones, representing the
two tawny spots of the upper surface. The general ground colour is
blackish, with tawny suffusions.

The markings -of under side of hind wing are the same in location
and limitation as on the upper surface. The general colouring, however,
is much lighter. The white band of upper surface is repeated, showing no
suffusion from surrounding areas. Nearer the base is a tawny band running
from costa to anal angle. ‘This band is edged with black. Nearer the
base is a white band which runs from costa downwards along inner margin,
edged with tawny black. The hind marginal area is brown, with a double
row of interspacial white lines near the margin, and a band of tawny,
edged with black on its basal side, extends from upper angle to analangle,
where it meets the tawny band first mentioned. At their junction they
broaden somewhat into a bright tawny anal spot.

This species is in the same group as, and resembles closely, A.
@thalia, Feld., and A. thesprotia, Feld.

Mesene Rochesteri, sp. nov.

Habitat : Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, .go inch.

Head black. Antenne black, with minute white annulations at base
of each joint. Club black, with orange tip. Thorax black above, with
orange hairs; beneath grayish. Abdomen orange above, beneath grayish.
Legs orange above, beneath grayish.

Upper side of fore wing orange. Hind margin, apical area and costa
black. This black border is nearly one quarter inch broad, covering more
than half the wing area.

Upper side of hind wing orange of same shade as fore wing. The
hind margin has a broad black border, the same width as on fore wing.
Costa and inner margin are orange.

Under side of fore wing the same as upper surface.

- Under side of hind wing the same as upper surface, except that the
black border contains two white spots, one near the anal angle, the other
midway to upper angle.

Variations.—In the ten specimens in my collection, there is scarcely
any variation in the width or density of the black border. In some
specimens the fore wing has a white spot at the inner edge of the hind
marginal black border midway from apex to lower angle. The two white

78 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

spots on under side of hind wing sometimes show on the upper surface.
There is also a third spot between them. It is quite probable that in a
large series of specimens these white spots would vary in number and
development.

It bears a close resemblance to JZ. ce/eter, Bates, the black border
being, however, much broader.

Nymphidium Blaket, sp. nov.

Habitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, t.00 inch.

Head, thorax and abdomen above black, beneath white. Antenne
black, with white annulations at base of each joint. Club black above,
white beneath. Legs white.

Fore wing above white, excepting costa, apex and hind margin.
Costa black. . Apical area black. Hind margin black, with a white thread
just within the margin. Within this thread is a series of interspacial
semicircles of white, which, with the white marginal thread, gives the
appearance of a series of interspacial white circles extending from apex to
lower angle. At the extreme edge of the hind margin, just below the
apex, is a white dot, and another opposite the end of the first submedian
interspace.

Upper side of hind wing the same as fore wing, except that the costa
is white, and the two hind marginal spots are absent.

The black hind marginal border of both wings, and the black costal
border of fore wing, are one-sixteenth inch wide.

Under side of fore wing is the same as upper surface, except that the
two hind marginal white spots are more prominent, and there is a third
one at the end of the lowest submedian interspace.

The under side of hind wing is the same as upper surface, except
that the three hind marginal spots of the under side of fore wing are

repeated.
This species is not in the larger collections of this country, nor in the
British Museum. f

Taken in September, 1899.

Lthomia Drogheda, sp. nov.
Habitat : Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, 2.50 inches.
Head black, with a white circle around the eyes. Antenne black.
Club tawny. Thorax above black, with a prominent lemon-yellow spot
at the junction with the costa of fore wings; beneath lemon-yellow.

ltt) ait te il

_

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 79

Abdomen nearly black above, with four lemon-yellow dots on the lower
segments ; beneath lemon-yellow. Legs black above, white beneath.

Upper side of fore wing transparent, with tawny, black and yellow
markings. Costa black. Discoidal Space transparent, with dusting of
tawny scales towards the base, and a suggestion of a black spot near the
centre. A heavy dusting of black scales extends from the costa downwards
across the end of the discoidal space, suffusing to hind margin along the
median nervure, and also along the first submedian nervule, somewhat
tawny near the margin. Apical area black. Between the apical area
and the band or dusting of black scales above noted, the space-is trans-
parent, heavily dusted with brown scales near the costa. ‘The space below
median nervure to the hind margin is black, with tawny scales along the
nervure.

The upper side of hind wing has the same ground colouring. The
upper half of the wing, including the discoidal space and its immediate
surroundings, is transparent, the nervures and nervules being heavily
dusted with lemon-yellow. The edges of this transparent area are black,
the lower portion forming a band across the wing from the centre of inner
margin nearly to the upper angle. This transparent area shows a tendency
to extend downwards to hind margin in the first submedian interspace.
Below this the area to hind margin is tawny. The hind margin has a
generous black border, wavy on its basal edge.

The under side of both wings is the same as upper surfaces, the
dusting of lemon-yellow scales being more marked. At the apex of the
fore wing are four interspacial white spots, and in the black border of the
hind margin of the lower wing is a series of prominent interspacial white
spots.

Variations.—This species varies greatly in the density and suffusions
of its markings. The transparent area of the lower wing in some speci-
mens extends downwards to hind margin, cutting off the black band and
the tawny area at the first submedian nervule. The white spots at apex
of the under side of fore wing are at times entirely wanting.

Euselasia Howlandi, sp. nov.

Habitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Expanse, 1.12 inches.

Head and abdomen mouse colour. Palpi white. Thorax mouse
colour above, with a few lighter hairs; beneath gray. Antenne mouse

80 THE CANADIAN : ENTOMOLOGIST.

colour, with minute white annulations at base of each joint. Club mouse
colour, tipped with brown. Legs tawny.

Upper side of fore wing mouse colour, excepting an area within a
line drawn from base along median nervure to a point one quarter inch
from hind margin, thence downward to inner margin, parallel to hind
margin. This area, covering one-third of the total wing area, is light gray,

dusted with darker scales near the base. The hind margin has a slight
mouse-coloured fringe, becoming white near lower angle.

Upper side of hind wing dark mouse colour, the central area very
slightly lighter. Hind margin dentated, and with a white fringe. Along
the edge is a dark line slightly touched with tawny on basal side, lower
margin grayish white.

Under side of fore wing very light gray, with tawny markings. A
prominent tawny line runs from costa downwards across the centre of
the discoidal space to the junction of the lower submedian nervule, some-
what concaved, thence straight to inner margin. Beyond this line, nearer
apex, is a similar line running from costa downwards across the end of the
discoidal space nearly to inner margin. A third line runs from costa to
inner margin one-sixteenth inch from hind margin. The interspaces
between this line and the line next nearer the base are heavily dashed with
tawny, from a linesof spots from the costa downward. The central spot of
this series, in interspace above the second submedian nervule, is nearly
absent. The margin is lined with tawny, the space to the first marginal
line being somewhat darker, and dashed with white scales in the inter-
spaces,

Under side of hind wing very nearly duplicates the under side of fore
wing in general appearance. The tawny line first above noted in fore
wing is continued, starting on the costa near its base, and running
downwards across the centre of the discoidal space, and then disappearing.
The next tawny line runs downwards from the costa across the end of the
discoidal space to the first submedian nervule, where it turns at a right
angle and runs to the inner margin. ‘This line is somewhat dentated in
the interspaces. ‘The area outside of this, to the marginal line, is very
light gray, with a series of interspacial tawny dustings, a continuance of
the same in fore wing. The hind margin has a white fringe, within which
is a tawny line, and within that a fine, well-developed black thread,
following the dentated contour of the margin.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 81

J TRICHOGRAMMA PRETIOSA, RILEY: COLOUR VARIA-
TION IN. THE. ADU-LT; WITH DESCRIPTION OF
A NEW VARIETY.

BY, A. ARSENE GIRAULT, WASHINGTON, D. C.

In the original description of this insect,* Dr. Riley says that on
account of its uniferm pale yellow colour it is easily distinguished from
Trichogramma minutum, Riley, which is black. Unfortunately, this does
not hold.t Out of the hundreds of specimens of pretiosa reared during

‘the entire season of 1904, at Paris, Texas, from the eggs of Heliothis
obsoleta, Fabricius, there appeared from a lot of host eggs on Sept. 2oth
a number of dark individuals, which could easily have been mistaken for
a distinct species. Previous to this, all of the individuals had been
normally coloured.

The origin and subsequent history of this variety is as follows:

On the roth, rrth and rath of September a generation of 11 males
and 22 females, all normaily coloured, emerged in confinement from the
host eggs on tomato leaves brought in from the field. Sixty-four eggs
from moths in confinement were then supplied them on Sept. 11th, and

freely parasitized. As a result, there emerged from these parasitized eggs
a second generation of 53 males and 58 females, plus 11.

This second generation varied considerably, some of the individuals
were very dark, others wholly black. The variation consisted in very
light brown to a deep black, and gradations were present from one
to the other. In the latter, the black first appeared in the abdomen, and
as the variation became greater extended to the thorax and head, until
the whole body became black. In this generation the variety was present
in the proportion of 1 to7. Both the typical specimens and the variety
were freely copulating with each other.

The adults of this second generation were supplied with 48 fertile
host eggs from moths kept in confinement, on Sept. 21st. Oviposition
took place, and asa resulta third generation began to appear on Sept.
30th. This generation consisted of 47 adults, of which 7 males and 7
femaies were the black variety.

*CANADiAN ENT’., 1879, XI., pp. 161-162.

tDyar, 1893, CANADIAN EnT., XXV., p. 256, mentioned that the males of gret¢rosa are often black
on the dorsum of the abdomen.

March, 1906

a <

82 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

In turn, the third generation was allowed to parasitize numerous
hosts from moths in confinement during the rst of October. As formerly,
the dark and light specimens were intermating. The resulting fourth
generation emerged on Oct. 14th, consisting of 25 specimens, including
5 males and 7 females of the black variety.

Eight males and 16 females of the fourth generation parasitized on
Oct. 14th hosts from the field. The resulting fifth successive generation
began to appear on Nov. 2nd, when a single specimen emerged. Others
emerged at intervals up to Nov. 15th. There were 4 females, 3 males,
plus 7, ali the dark variety. Three females and two of the males were
totally black, one male dark, and the remaining specimens were dusky.

A supplementary fifth generation was obtained from a single black
female of the fourth generation, which parasitized five hosts on Oct. 14th.

The g descendants of this black variety were all black; there were
5 males and 4 females. They appeared on Nov. 7, and later.

Because of the lateness of the season, the parasites began to hiber-

nate, and the work was discontinued. As it became colder the proportion
of black individuals increased.

During October and early November fretiosa reared from hosts
collected from the leaves of corn, included many dark specimens. In
fact, the majority were moderately dark, a few entirely black, while many
were gradations, having the abdomen only black. Three specimens
issuing on Noy. 4th from a single host egg from the field, were similar in
colour, the head and thorax yellow, the abdomen black. Thus the varia-
tion was not confined to the individuals kept in confinement. It appeared
to be quite general. The variety may be named as follows :

Trichogramma pretiosa, Riley, var. nigra, n. var.
Like the type. The whole body uniformly black, excepting the

antennz, eyes, legs and wings. Gradating specimens of all degrees
present.

From many males and females reared from the eggs of He/iothis
obsoleta, Fabricius, at Paris, Texas, during September, October, and early
November, 1904, in connection with the Cotton Bollworm Investigations,
Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Preserved
specimens in balsam, therefore no type.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. $3

THE COCCID GENUS EULECANIUM.
BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, BOULDER, COLO.

Some years ago I attempted to make tables to separate the species of
Eulecanium. ‘Vhe attempt was not wholly successful ; partly on account
of the difficulty of the subject, and partly because there are no doubt
more names than species in this genus, and the first step should probably
be to reduce a number to the synonymy. Certain characters of
undoubted value could not be used because they were not known for
many species ; for example, the characters derived from the males and
the larve. The minute characters described by Mr. Thro, of Cornell
University, are in the same case; but their value is rather uncertain for
closely-allied forms. ‘The forms separated by Mr. Thro were nearly all
widely separated otherwise—in fact, of different genera as we now under-
stand them—and hence it remains to apply his test to a more difficult and
closely-allied series.

The tables are presented herewith, not because they are perfectly safe
guides to the identity of the species, but rather because of their value as
indicating groupings, and suggesting the lines of future work. They will
at any rate save some trouble in going through descriptions. When a
name occurs twice, the-species is variable.

(1.) Long. 10-11 %, lat. 6-g¥% mm.
(a) Larger as a rule, dark red-brown, with white powder ; antennz’

7-jointed . ToS cae thas SA satin «20s uC PPEes
(b) Not over ro mm. long ; BiG wit, sometimes eed with yellows
AUC Hie (G-FURRECK 1 ale 2. nN ee is8 ate ee eee e aceris.

(2.) Long. 8-9 mm.
(a) Convex ; antennz 6-jointed.
(i). Legerather slengers. 5 see nes Fh ees kk
(ii) Legs short and robust ; scale reddish-brown, sometimes
mottled with yellow (pyrz is darker and_ not

mottled).
(b) Tibia equal to tarsus, fide icine ee ih > s OEP ES.
(bb) Tibia longer ...... BPM ech ye) BapT Cle:

(acerts and capree@ are no HESey one species.)

The distinction of Ayr7 and aceris is further confirmed by the
males :
(i) $ yellow, with wide brownish thoracic band.......pyré.
(ii) g light reddish-brown, with darker band on_ thorax ;
abdomen, antennz and legs yellowish .........aceris.
March, 1906

84 THE CANADIAN. ENTOMOLOGIST.

(aa) Less convex; antenne7- or 8-jointed.
(i) Scale with two prominent tubercles ; antenne

SOMMER) fice ae wih). Nile aguciteaie ct il en memes
(i) Scale without such tubercles. |

(b) Antenne 7-jointed ; scale alt. 21%4-3 mm... mori.
(bb) Antennz 8-jointed.

(ce) “Joints 3;/4,s pearly equal 2.7. 22% genista.
(cc) Joint 3 longer than 4, and this longer than 5.
(d) 5, 6, .7 nearly equal; scale nar-

rower, 3 mm. wide; second an-

tennal joint with one hair only,

this very long .......e/ongatum.

(dd) 6 longer than 7, and may be longer

than 5 ; scale broader, 4% mm.

wide ; second antennal joint with

two long hairs... .magnoliarum.
(3.) Long. 7 mm.

(a) Convex, alt. usually 5 or:6 mm.
(i) Antennze 8-jointed ; legs short and. robust, tarsus longer

than tibia’. :, 2 nes i Meath ome aus ole fase ice Ope cree

(ii) Antenne 7-jointed ; tarsus shorter than tibia.
(b) Legs long and slender.’ «2. qexnoeh ep acoauee
(bb) Legs robust ; scale higher, alt. 5 mm ......adml.

(ili) Antennze 6-jointed ; legs robust, tarsus shorter than tibia ;
scale highest of this group ; alt. 6mm........capree.
(ulmi and capree are probably one species.)
(aa) Less convex, alt. not over 4 mm., usually less.
(1) Antenne 8-jointed.
(b) Not pruinose; legs.ordinary...........7osarum.
(bb) Pruinose; anterior legs with tarsi very
broads) Jn Setie tle ee. Lees . Seabee emma
(ii) Antenne 7-jointed, joints 3 and 4 about equal; legs
ordinary
(b) Pruinose with a whitish powder..... praimosum.
(bb) Not pruinose,
(c) More convex, 4 mm. high...... guercifex.
(cc) Less convex, not over 3mm. high, . . morg.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 85

(4.) Long. 6-61 mm.
(a) Convex, alt. 4 to 6 mm.
_ (1) Antennz 6-jointed.
{b) Legs slender ;
WECWEE.G 0” - GS eaanene ere tilie.

4 abdomen as wide as

Vv

(bb) Legs robust ; tibia longer than tarsus.

(c) Scale finely punctured; alt. 6 mm., the
highest of this group .......... capree.
(cc) Scale strongly punctured on the sides ;
alt. 4 mm.; ¢ abdomen hardly half as
Wid erase Un OLaN 2 F< .)s.n) ae aecte, SS ESEAEE
(11) Antenne 7 jointed ; scale not pruinose ; legs ordinary.
(b) Scale hemispherical ; legs rather slender. . xodinze.
(bb) Scale with the anterior part very convex, the
Ppostertor-depressed .: .i 9s)... 2s8 = fakachi on
(aa) Less convex, alt. 3 mm. or less.

(i) Antenne 8-jointed ; European.
(b) Anterior legs with very broad tarsi .... derberidts.
(bb) SBepssordinary <4. te yrs aia. «|. ose OSM ATES
(ii) Antenne 7-jointed ; Canadian.
(b). Third joint very long ; scale alt.

2° 4 3 mm. - CAT Varum,

(bb) Third joint not een oo scale

alt. 2mm. Seas Re RES cg oF

(iii) Antenne 6-jointed ; France ......... 2... ciliatum, var.
(5.) Long. 5-534 mm.

(a) Flattened form.

(i), Antenne 6-jointed......... Kansasense (alt. 2 mm.) and

[| Folsomi (alt. 1% mm.).

(ii) Antenne 7-jointed ... Zintneri, assimile and aurantiacum.

(ui) Antenne 8-jointed.....hortensia, berberidis and persica.

(aa) Less flat, alt. 2to3mm............Guienardi, ciliatum and
. ; [ distinguendum.
(aaa) Convex to subglobular....... Hoferi, antennatum, quercitronts,

|dituberculatum, caryarum, corni, cynosbati, pyrt,
[vobinie, robiniarum, rubi, rugosum, Canadense.

86 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

(6.) Long. 4-4 + mm.
(a) Very convex ....quercitronts, gibber, prunastri, robinie, Cana-
[| dense, variegatum, perornatum.
(aa) Less convex’........Guignardi, rose, Marchalt, maclurarum,
[cerast, robiniarum, rugosum, tarsale.
(aaa) Flattish.......Zustnert, Lymani, rufulum, assimile, aurantia-

|cum, Kansasense, armeniacum, Folsom.
(7.) Long. 3-3 + mm.

(a) MCOnVER sce ee ke ee ENE ONS, Dritia Sma

(aa) Less convex... ..rufulum; pallidior, aurantiacum, Kansasense.

| ZLymant.

(daa ial airemenda ys: sobs. kg noe betes he amare cee .wistarie.
(SAO ONp soo TINY). Pa. oar ooo eee . prunastri, Fletcher.

The following supplementary tables are based on the antennez ; the
measurements are all.in p:

Antentise G-jOimted: 25. oss s, <n: Dee ee eee cree Beate Baca hep eee
Antenne :7-jOINtede.. 27,5 4 «ss ALORA Se eagle otek Geese tata ete oct ol no ee
Attennge Ssjoimtedd tes oo. see eee re owners ten nena wos aes Sala ee
1. Joints 3 and 4 equal, 6 as long or nearly so...... Lustneri, King (cf.

[Reh., Zeit. f. Ent., 1903, p. 409).
Joint 3 always longest, and very much longer than 2, 4 or5 ......2.
2. Joint 6 long, not very much shorter than 3... rufulumand pallidior.

Joint 6 very-naugh-shorter! them poe. Wish Asie waite moc oes tale pee eee
2 shorter than 4 or 5, 6 not much shorter tain Bag o tLOere (han
2 about equal to 4 or 5 pees alBO COFHR)! oor sis 0 tee eae
2 longer than, 4:06 55.5... RENTS. Pa Deere
4. 6 shorter than 4, wince is innber tare) 2 01 5..guer vif var. (MiAss,).
6 much longer than 4 or 5, which areequal........ Webster, var. on

| Cytisus, from Hamburg (fide King).

6 longer than 4 or 5, 5 longer than 4.... some Kansas armeniacum.

5. Joint 5 obviously longer than 4.. Dobie (on oak), Canadense (on
[elm), praunastri and armeniacum.

4 and 5 equal or almost so ............tarsale (Mass., on Cornus),
[rose (on rose), sp. (Germany, on Prunus), Folsomi

[(on pawpaw), capree (of Douglas), nigrofasciatum.

6 -SHOnber. ELA A ye va) eee sane 15/825 as velit oir a ees alge

G2

6.

Io.

EY,

12.

ES

14.

15.

16.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 87

Scale with a broad central boss.......ci/iatum (France), Kansasense
[( Kansas).
(The legs are larger in cz/zatum than in Kansasense.)
Scale without such a boss................ Websteri (Ohio), Kingéi.
. Joint 3 longest, very long, much longer than 4................-. 8.
3 longest, but not very ea a little longer than 7; 6 shortest, 4
Shoenter thame 2% iy. 6.3 oe oe .rosarum of King and Reh.
1 longest, 2 and 3 Seanly as Vises or 3 shorter; 4 conspicuously
shorter than 3 ; 5 a little longer than 4 or 6.........perornatum
4 conspicuously the longest ; 5 shorter than 3............... «14.
4 longer than 3, but not greatly so, or equal with 3.......... ..15.
3 longer than 4, but not greatly so, or equal with 4.............17.
. Joint 4 much longer than 5 ; 5 and 6 shortest and

equal..............Canadense (Maine, on elm), carye (cf. King).
4, 5, © short and equal or subequal (of capree and ciliatum) ......0.

Joint 7 short, about as ee as 4 or 5; 6a little shorter
than 5 or.7. Peete. coer Na ie ae hats «ca awe s wha es + ATOR C REDE:
7 astdy toner sha Aye5 OF a Bae OAS ge Be eT Is hia yak Ag SS
6 shorter than 5 ee eet fs, ROME Ue hs t eRN
Rrailenorequdl OF0.2, tile LONSESis?. 2202. See oe eo es
BRON Oigr ian itetie ess agers fh: : A ag 9077/1
GRUNGE: 7.5 ies ate tst. 8 2s ot canoeed ee front Pheene Ariz., on
|osage orange.
3 about 80 »......supposed robinie from Phcenix, Ariz., on Schinus
| molle ; sp. incert. from Springfield, Mass., on Quercus (cf. King.)
ED OECD Bioa2o aria): Ne ch ie inven ats cometh, pata ais sb AWE pC ee Untzse sy «eas «
gta 22 (OBS ac, s at <b welt eae Pe a ee eee tee on RACY EO
WME PO MAO SOU nc ee ay ve rl aro aie kee ee Sena: OA AEUM:
5 and 6equal......... ..dituberculatum from Stuttgart (cf. King).
5 longer than 6................. ..bttuberculatum from Oregon.
PML TOLER Wl = APs any et eoe os gains Oe tee «oes suas od a | PP MEOSELT:
2 longer than 3, 7 as Jong as 4......... robiniarum (original figure).
SUS GEREN G ste 2) Posies se 2 ce eRe Ree Alay ee Ga on cas 16.
Haropean. . 2. : shes OA ite SF avieatin: eeie
American ... Perey Ease \, a nbhites (Les Vegas Hot Springs,

[N. M.), sp. on rose from Ohio, Guignard:,
| Fitchii, armeniacum (California).

88 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

17. Joint 5 longer than 6. .... .cynosbati, rose, aurantiacum, quercifex,
[fraxini.
5 and 6 equal, or 6 longer... ..armentacum (Calif. and Kans.), cory/
[of King and Reh, Zymant, persice? (Canada, under
[glass, and from Dr. Reh, cf. King, praucnosum,
|guercitronts (Ariz. and Calif.),° vzxz of King and
[Reh, robnze? (Tempe, Ariz., on osage-orange),
[guercifex (of Signoret), sakachthoi (Japan), Cana-
[dense (Maine, on elm), sp. on tulip tree, R. I.
18. Joint 3 conspicuously longest, 5 conspicuously shorter than 4 or 6,
7 shortest of all; 8, 5 and 2 about the same length. .magnoliarum.
3 longest, but not long, 5 and 8 about equal, and not much shorter

do

than 3, 4 conspicuously shorter than 3 or 5..../ runastri (France).
3 and 4 subequal, or sometimes 3, sometimes 4, a little the longer. . 19g.
4 longest, much longer than 3, 3 and 5 about equal...... Aortensta.
3 longest, and rather long, 4 conspicuously longer than 5; 5 being

conspicuously shorter than 4, but a little longer than 6. Ree)
g.longest, 7. and 5 equallorisubequal-(y.c cciaatet 2 cr ee eneee

19. 5, 6 and 7 shortest, and equal or

ANIMOSt Rae 2... ¢ aheee ..subsimile (Chihuahua) and berberidis.

6 and 7 shortest va canal but 5 conspicuously longer... .ortensia.

20.'8 short, shorter than 4; 7 a little shorter than.6......°...\. .¢weremems
8 longer, longer than 4, 7 a little longer

than 6........persice ? (Canada, on peach under glass, cf. King).

air SONY: Lae much longer than any other JOMb. sca. «<0 «sem etaereeen
3 not very long, usually quite short ; 4 shorter

thans5 .........Cockerelli, rosarum of King and Reh, AZarchalt.

22. Joints 4, 5, 6, about Sie: sit Sen Gos SME AN ER ae .. rufulum.

5 longer than 4 or 6 . SE eeu ors Rais. . Cockerelli.

The occurrence of the same species in Leveral Bitfenent pies in the
above table shows the great variability of the antenne of these insects ;
yet I do not believe for a moment that this variability is indiscriminate, or
that the antenne are useless for purposes of identification. They must,
however, be used cautiously in this genus, and in conjunction with other
characters.

I do not expect to pay much more attention to this genus myself; for

Mr. J. A. Sanders, with much better opportunities than I possess, is about
to begin an investigation of it; and he will undoubtedly make many things
clear which have been obscure.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 89

PRELIMINARY LIST OF THE MACRO-LEPIDOPTERA OF
ALBERTA, NWT.

BY F. H. WOLLEY DOD, MILLARVILLE, ALBERTA.

(Continued from page 54.)
GEOMETRIDA.

[Nore.—The generic names are as used by Rev. G. W. Taylor.]

452. Rachela Bruceata, Hulst.—Not observed previous to 1898.
It appeared in millions in 1902, and in the following year, was still more
abundant. In those two years hundreds of acres of Populus tremuloides
were completely denuded by the larve during June. It appeared to be
aided in its depredations by a Tortrix, the name of which I have not yet
discovered, but subsequent observation brings me to believe that by far
the greater part of the denudation was caused by this species. I rarely
saw more than eight or ten acres cleared in one patch, usually much less,
but its ravages extended over a large tract of country, some twenty square
miles, between Fish and Sheep Creeks. Beyond that I did not travel
where there were poplars in any quantity. Salix was also attacked,. but
not so vigorously. The moths appeared in early October, and the apterous
females could be found in numbers hanging with the males on the leafless
twigs of poplars after dark. The males flew freely in the daytime, but in
far greater numbers at dusk. Both the Rev. G.W.Taylor and Dr. Fletcher
have seen the species.

453. Zalledega montanata, Pack.—Two ¢ g anda @. June 23rd
to 28th, 1898 and 1904. Occurs at both the Billing’s Mill locality and on
Pine Creek. .

454. Lupithecia (Tephroclystis) Regina, VYVaylor (MSS.)—Fairly
common some years, flying at dusk. End June and July.

455. &. borealis, Hulst?—Mr. Taylor has a specimen from me,
dated July 21st, rg0r, on which he comments: ‘‘A prairie species, and in
Mr. Hanham’s collection from Winnipeg, bearing Hulst’s label dorea/is,
but does not agree with the description.” I am not aware that I have
taken another specimen of the same species.

Aso 2. Cas/oata,, Dyar (Proc. U.S, Nat: Mus.,-XX-VII., 891 ).—
Described from two specimens taken at Kaslo. Eight specimens are at
present in my series, and I fancy the species is not altogether rare here.

July to middle of August.
March, 1906

90 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

457. £. nimbicolor, Hulst.—Described from here. ‘The description
says, “wings very uniform, blackish-fuscous, ° blackish cross-lines very
faintly showing.” ‘Though I cannot, with certainty, trace back the speci-
men or specimens from which Hulst described the species, a careful
process of elimination turns the probability upon one of two specimens,
upon which he commented in a letter to me, dated June 14th, 1895 :
“ They are probably miserudata, Grt., but the lines are very indistinct.”
One of these specimens was returned to me at that time. It is badly
worn and greasy, but does not misfit the description. It is labelled
“ Mouth of Fish Creek, June 3rd, 1894.” Mr. Taylor has seen it, and
has two others from here of the same species, dated May 27th and June
3rd. He feels confident that they are the zzmbicolor of Hulst, and writes
me: ‘* The species is well marked, and I do not know of any other with
which it can be confused.” Hulst mentions no data as attached to the
type.

458. &. multistrigata, Hulst.—Mr. Taylor says: “ This is mudtz-
strigata, without much doubt. Dr. Barnes has the type, and has’ sent me
a specimen agreeing with yours, but it is smaller.” In the Kootenai list
under this name Dr. Dyar mentions two specimens, which, he says,
‘agree in general with a specimen from Calgary, communicated to me
by Rev. George W. Taylor.” Mr. Taylor, however, tells me ‘“ this is not
the species called mu/tistrigata by Dr. Dyar in the Kootenai list..., The
Kaslo species is quite different.” I have a Calgary specimen labelled by
Mr. Taylor, dated June 21st, 1895, and at least two other specimens are
certainly the same, June 23rd and July 4th, 1898. The ‘description does
not misfit, but 24 mm. is given as the expanse, whereas mine vary from
25 (he) tO 7 mine ere

459. &. ravocostaliatu, Pack.—Decidedly rare. April 23rd to end
of May.

460. &. castigata, Haw. 2—Mr. Taylor returned me a 9 so labelled
out of a series I sent him, commenting : “I believe this to be the European
castigata. J have it from the prairies and from B. C. My identification
is made from a comparison with a good series of European specimens.”
I have taken altogether about two dozen specimens, which I believe to be
the same species, all, or nearly all, during 1904, and on the wing just
before dusk. June 23rd to July 2nd.

461. Eucymatoge anticaria, Walk.—Common. I have specimens
so named by both Huist and Mr, Taylor. June and July.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 91

Aba... EF: intestinata, Gn.—Fairly common. June to middle of July.

463. £. vitalbata, Schiff—Common. End May to middle of July.
This species, widely distributed in Europe, was first recorded as North
American from Calgary. It occurs in Manitoba. I have it from the
Red Deer River, a hundred miles north-east of Calgary ; so it seems to
be a prairie rather than a mountain species in this hemisphere. In
Europe the larva feeds on Clematis vitalba, the ‘‘Traveller’s Joy,” whence
its name, but from Jocalities where [ have sometimes found it here it is
almost certain that it does not, at any rate, confine itself exclusively to
Clematis in Alberta,

464. Eucheca albovittata, Gn.—Common, though apparently some-
what local in woods, and rarely met with outside them. End June and
July. |

465. &. cretaceata, Pack.—Fairly common. In this district I have
found it more commonly on the prairies than in the hills. In the Kootenai
list Dr. Dyar seems to imply that there it occurs most frequently at the
higher altitudes. I have met with it very sparingly at Laggan, the highest-
up capture being at Agnes Lake (6,850 ft.). End June and July.

406.» Calocalpe (Hydria) undulata, *Linn.—Not common. End
June to middle Aug.

467. Lustroma testata, Linn.—Fairly common. At light, and
occasionally at treacle. August.

468. £. propulsata, Walk., = Packardata, Lint.,= populata, Pack.,
non. Linn.—Rather rare. July 20th to Aug. 13th. The synonymy is Mr.
Taylor’s, who says: ‘‘I don’t believe we have the real popudata in
America. Dr. Dyar’s (Hulst’s) synonymy under this name is all wrong.”
In the Kootenai list Dr. Dyar suggests that European jopudata, Linn ,
and Packardata, Lint., are probably distinct, but records both forms from
British Columbia. Mr. Taylor, however, who has compared a good series
of the European popudata, claims that Dr. Dyar’s “true populata” from
B. C. is quite a different insect, and hitherto undescribed.

469. £. destinata, Mcesch|.—I have taken five or six specimens in
the mountains. On Sulphur Mt., Banff, 4.500 to 6,000 feet, and at
Laggan up to about the same altitude. The Laggan specimens are a little
the smaller. August 7th to 13th, rg00. Mr. Taylor says: “These appear
to be variations of what Dr. Dyar decides to be Lustroma destinata. It
differs considerably from the destimata of the prairies.” He refers a
Calgary male doubtfully to the same species.

92 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

470. &. nubilata, Pack.—I have two head of Pine Creek speci-
mens, July 29th and Aug. 24th: one from mouth of Fish Creek labelled
* July 5th ? Aug.,” and one from near Billing’s Mill, Aug. rith. All are
more or less rubbed. ‘The last two mentioned have been named as above
by Mr. Taylor.

471. LVeolexia xylina, Hulst.—Described partly from Calgary
material; also from New York, Washington, Montana, and ‘‘Canada.” Dr.
Hulst writes: ‘‘ The specimen received from Calgary has the cross-bands

blackish instead of brown, and the hind wings have a more distinet
banding. Very much in appearance like Lustroma prunata, with which

it may have been confounded, but easily distinguished by the bipectinate /

antenne.” I kept what I considered a duplicate to the specimen men-
tioned by Hulst, which is identical with the species referred here by Mr.
Taylor, The central band is not always blackish, but I see practically no
variation in the secondaries. Not common. July 21st to Aug 6th. I
have only one female, which is defective in the two right wings. Dr. Dyar
records it from the Kootenai district, mentioning Glacier and Field as
localities. Mr. Taylor comments upon Hulst’s remarks: ‘“ Xydina is
a common B. C. species. I doubt its occurrence in New York. Haulst
refers often to Z. prunata, but he did not knowit. The eastern so-calied
prunata is not that species (which is European), but the ¢rzangulatum of
Packard. ‘The differences between prunata, triangulatum and xylina are
chiefly in antennal structure.”

472. JV. speciosa, Huist.—Described from one male from Calgary.
Dr. Hulst, after a detailed description, adds: “ This may be a variety of
IV. xylina, Hulst, but the colour and shaping of the bands is different, and
there is difference of position in the lines of the hind wings.” My notes
on the material sent to Hulst in 1895 show me that this was a unique
sent labelled No. 9. It is probably a head of Pine Creek specimen,
bearing no date. I doubt whether I have seen the form since. Hulst’s
note to me on No. 9 was “ MVeolexia xylina, var. spectosa,” and the
description was published more than a year later. I had sent him the
type of xydina as No. 10. I copy from his letter: “g and 1o are perhaps
rather widely varying forms of the same species, but I am not sure. I
would not think so, only its correlative Petrophora prunata has the same
variation. It differs from that species, which it resembles in every other
way, in having pectinated antenne in the male.”

ee ee eT ee ee ee

rs.

nel A, m»,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, . 93

473. Llemyria ( Rheumaptera) hastata, Linn.—Common in the
spruce. June and early July.
474. &. tristata, Linn.—Very common. End May and June.

475. £. sociata, Bork.—Common. Middle June to middle July.
According to Mr. Charles G. Barrett this is the same as European
subtristata, Haw., not substriata, as Dyar writes it.

476. PP. ductuata, Schiff.—Very common in the spruce some years,
but seems to be rare on Pine Creek. Middle June and July.

477. £&. Georgii, Hulst.—I always looked upon this as a great
rarity until rg03, when it was fairly common. On flowers of Solidago
virgaurea at night, and also came to treacle. End Aug. and Sept.

478. PP. subrosuffusata, Pack.—Not rare. May and June. The
colour of the secondaries is decidedly an orange-yellow, but I gather from
Mr. Taylor that Packard described them as “brick-red.” He writes: ‘I
have had abundant material for study, and there is no doubt as to the
species. Our specimens and California ones are exactly the same, and
apparently our idea of orange-yellow was Packard’s notion of ‘ brick-red.’ ”
Dr. Holland’s figure looks like the Calgary species bleached. One of my
specimens bears a red-ink label ‘“‘ Ochyria carneata,” on Hulst’s authority.

479. Zenophleps lignicolorata, Pack.—Not rare. Middle July to
middle Aug. I have it trom the flat prairie to the mountains at Banff,
but did not see it there above 6,000 feet.

480. Mesoleuca gratulata, Walk.—Rather common in the spruce.
My only dates are May 30th to June 6th, and my four specimens are per-
fect. Mr. Taylor says the species is distinctly western.

481. Mesoleuca cesiata, Schiff.—I have taken in good condition at
Laggan, from July 18th to Aug. roth, from 5,700 ft., and occasionally far
above the timber. line, one capture being on the summit of Saddle Mt.,
7,900 ft. Ihave a head of Pine Creek 9, taken at light on Sept. 3rd,
1904, which-Mr. Taylor refers as a var. of this species. It entirely lacks
the faint though obvious ochreous tinge present in the Laggan form, the
ground colour is paler, with distinct smoky central and terminal bands. The
specimen is somewhat worn, I took an exactly similar specimen during
1905. Inthe Kootenai list Dr. Dyar says that he found this a high
altitude species, and records it from Banff, Alta, on Sept. roth.

482. M. lacustrata, Guen.—Not common. Middle June to middie
July. Notwithstanding the generic. separation, this species seems rather
easy to confuse with Plemyria sociata without some knowledge of the

94 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

variation of both, I sent both to Mr. Taylor as one species. Dr.
Holland’s figure of Zacustrata is not very clear, and scarcely shows what
seem to me to be distinctions in my series. I find differentiating char-
acters in the secondaries not noticeable in that figure. In my /acustrata
the central band widens out considerably on both costa and inner margin,
and in seven out of eight specimens is sharply but narrowly notched on
vein 7. Sociata has the band narrower, more even in width, and in none
of my specimens notched. The notch is shown in Dr. Holland’s figure,
and the band is widest on the costa. Otherwise the figure might easily
pass for sociata.

483. MM. intermediata, Gn.—A single maie, quite fresh, on May
13th, tg05. I recognized it as something new to me directly I saw it,
though the colour and maculation suggested Xanthorhoe munitata more
nearly than anything else I take here. In Can. Ent., XXXVI, 245, Mr.
Taylor points out that Dr. Holland’s figure under this name is really
Petrophora fluctuata.

484. M. truncata, Hbn.—Not common. Aug.

485. MM. silaceata, Hbn., = albolineata, Pack.—Rather common.
Middle June and July.

486.—, hersitiata, Gn.—Two males, Aug. 15th, 1901, at hght, and
July 5th, 1903.

487. M. vasatiata, Gn.—Rather rare. Earliest April 27th.
Through May. A fair female specimen June 17th, and worn females up

to July rst.
(To be continued.)

NOCTUID:. AND GEOMETRID MOTHS TAKEN AT TEMA-
GAMI LAKE.

BY D. H. HAIGHT, COPPER CLIFF, ONT.

The following list of moths is the result. of collections made during
the months of June and July, 1904, in the neighbourhood of Temagami
Lake, which is situated in the Nipissing District of Ontario, north of Lake
Huron, Lat, 48°. The numbers prefixed are from Dyar’s Catalogue :

968. Raphia frater, Grote, June 25.

971. Apatela rubricoma, Guen., June 25.
983. ‘« — populi, Riley, June 25.

989. ‘* betulee, Riley, June 25.
1028, “ retardata, Walk., June 25.
1278. Hyppa xylinoides, Guen., July 9.

1288.
1290.

1389.
1454.
1462.
pile
P75
1702.
1707.
1782.
2203.
2207.
2483.
2505.
2508.
2613.
3°44:
3°54-
3058.
3065.
Sos:
3248.
32098.
aac8-
ane:
J540-
3348.
3356.
3359:
oor:
S09:
3401.
S45 Te
o4k9:
3463.
Shue fi
3502.

35 45>

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

Euplexia lucipara, Linn., July.
Dipterygia scabriuscula, Linn., June 17-25.
Rhynchagrotis gilvipennis, Grote, July.
Agrotis ypsilon, Rott., June 25.
Peridroma occulta, Linn., June 17.
Noctua cynica, Smith, July.
Chorizagrotis auxiliaris, Grote, June 25.
Paragrotis infausta, Walk., July.

e insulsa, Walk., July.
Mamestra lustralis, Grote, July.
Brotolomia iris, Guen., July 25.
Scoliopteryx libatrix, Linn., June 25.
Autographa bimaculata, Steph., June 17.

Uh rectangula, Kirby, July 9.

S vaccinil, Hy. Edw., July 14.
Eustrotia carneola, Guen., July 7.

Renia sobrialis, Walk., June 6.
Heterogramma pyramusalis, Walk., June 25.
Palthis angulatis, Hubn., July 7

Bomolocha baltimoralis, Guen., June 23.
Nyctobia limitata, Walk., July 7.

Eudule mendica, Walk., June 23.
Tephroclystis nimbicolor, Hulst, June 23.
Eucymatoge vitalbata, Den. and Sch., July 7.
Eucheeca albovittata, Guen., June 25
Hydria undulata, Linn., July 14.

Eustroma gracilineata, Guen., June 20.

ie cunigerata, Walk., July 14.
Rheumaptera hastata, Linn., June 6—July 7.
Mesoleuca ruficilliata, Guen, June 25.

ES truncata, Hufn., July 9.
Hydriomena multiferata, Walk., June 17.
Triphosa progressata, Walk., June 25.
Ccenocalpe magnoliata, Guen., July.
Petrophora fluctuata, Linn., June 23.
Cinglis similaria, Walk., July 7.

“ albidula, Hulst, June 23.
Leptomeris plantagenaria, Hulst, July.

95

96

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

3546.
° 3587.
3604.
3606.
36209.
3908.
ao aS:
5945:
Oot:

39414.

Eois inductata, Guen., June 25.
Aplodes mimosaria, Guen., June 17.
Eufidonia notataria, Walk., June 17.
Orthofidonia semiclarata, Walk., June 23.
Deilinia falcataria, Pack., June 20.
Therina endropiaria, Grote and Rob., June 25.
Metrocampa preegrandaria, Guen,, July 14.
Xanthotype crocataria, Fabr., June 17—July 7.
Gonodontis hypocharia, Herr.-Sch , July 7.

- lateritiaria, Guen., June 23.

gotta. Tetracis aspilata, Guen., June 20.
The following species were taken at Copper Cliff:

3330.
3417:
3563-
3606.
3683.
3755:
3795:
4037-

Lise

25D.
258.

193.
St
388.
394:
408
Hop
756.
767.

195:
830.

Venusia 12-lineata, Pack., May 6.
Triphosa progiessata, Walk., April 29.
Nemoria pistaceata, Guen., May 8.
Orthofidonia semiclarata, Walk., May 6.
Macaria glomeraria, Grote, May 6-8.
Apeecasia defluata, Walk., May 6-21.
Alcis 5-linearia, Pack., June 25.

Brephos infans, Mosch, April 26-May 28.

OF COLEOPTERA IN THE COLLECTION OF J. D. EVANS;
TRENTON, ONT., WHICH HAVE NOT HERETO-
FORE BEEN RECORDED AS HAVING
BEEN TAKEN IN CANADA. ,

Cicindela graminea, Schaupp, N.-W. Terr., J. Macoun, 1879-80.
i spreta, lLec., Sudbury.
us roguensis, Harris, British Columbia.

Nebria suturalis, Lec., British Columbia.

Bembidium incertum, Mots., Crow’s Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains.

My intermedium, Kirby, Western Ont.
constrictum, Lec., Halifax, N. S.
at dubitans, Lec., Crow’s Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains.

Dicxlus purpuratus, Bon., Pelee Island, L. Erie, J. Macoun, 1882.
Platynus dissectus, Lec., N.-W. Terr.

és opaculus, Lec., Co. Hastings, Ont.

4 carbo, Lec., Pelee Island, L. Erie, J. Macoun, 1882.

ss picicornis, Lec., Co. Hastings, Sudbury and N.-W. Terr.

M arch, 1906

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. oF

S84.
TOO).
1102.
T1083.
rrog.
1167.
1189.
1220.
i227:
1304.
1310.
1356.
9300.
1425.
1450.
1465.
1659.
9335:
1854.
1989.
2081.
2§7 5.
2180.
2185.

22C4.
2220.
2222.
2225.
2232.
2234.
2235.
2284.
2287.
2514.
26206.
2629.
2669.
2776.
2828.
2895.

Lebia pleuritica, Lec. ? Co. Hastings and Western Ontario. 1882,
Agonoderus pauperculus, Dej., Co. Hastings.
Harpalus innocuus, Lec., N.-W. Terr., J. Macoun, 1879.
us viduus, Lec., Western Ontario, J. Macoun, 1882.
es fraternus, Lec., Man. and N.-W. Terr.
Tachycellus nebulosus, Lec., Co. Hastings.
Anisodactylus nigerrimus, Dej.,, Co. Hastings.
Haliplus punctatus, Aubé, Co. Hastings.
Bidessus lacustris, Say, Western Ont.
Deronectes catascopium, Say, Co. Hastings.
Hydroporus pulcher, Lec., Co. Hastings.
ss humeralis, Aubé, Co. Hastings.
Agabus confinis, Gyll., Belleville, Ont.
‘“« eneolus, Cr., Belleville and N.-W. Terr., J, Macoun, 1879.
**" clavatus, Lec., N.-W. Terr., 1886.
Rhantus notatus, Fab., N.-W. Terr., J. Macoun, 1879.
Creniphilus dissimilis, Horn, Sudbury, Ont. 18809.
Cercyon tristis, Ill., Trenton, Ont.
Cholerus Zimmermanni, Schaum, Co. Hastings.
Trimioplectus ruficeps, Lec., Co. Hastings.
Gyropheena socia, Er., Sudbury.
Philonthus quisquiliarius, Gyli., Co. Prince Edward, Ont., 1goo.
aS discoideus, Grav., Co. Hastings.
Philonthus fusiformis, Melsh, Co. Hastings, Co. Prince Edward
and Toronto.
Philonthus sordidus, Grav., Sudbury and Co. Hastings.

re punctatellus, Horn, Co. Hastings.

. microphthalmus, Horn, Co. Hastings.

ee instabilis, Horn, Hudson’s Bay, from H. Ulke.
Cl confertus, Lec., Co. Hastings.

i aurulentus, Horn, Trenton and Toronto.

Actobius cinerascens, Grav., Co. Hastings.
Leptacinus batychrus, Gyll., Co. Hastings.
bb longicollis, Lec., Co. Hastings.
Lathrobium quadratum, Payk., Trenton.
Tachinus pallipes, Grav,, Sudbury and Co. Hastings.
basalis, Er., Co. Hastings.
Bryoporus flavipes, Lec., Co. Hastings.
Trogophlceus memnonius, Er., ‘Trenton,
Olopbrum obtectum, Er, Co. Hastings.
Triga picipennis, Lec., Co. Hastings and Sudbury.

3535:
3564.
3579:
3614.
3723-
3798.
3533.
3965.
3970.
3586.
4004a.

4092.
4099.
4105-
4300.
4317-
4351.
4373:
4488.
4568.
4600.
4605.
4619.
4040.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Trichopteryx Haldemanni, Lec., Co. Hastings and lrenton.,
Hippodamia glacialis, Fab., N.-W. Terr.
Coccinella v. 5-notata, Kirby, Sudbury.

os transversalis, Muls., Crow’s Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains.
. Scymnus punctatus, Melsh., Co. Hastings.
. Mycetina testacea, Ziegl., Co. Hastings, 1884.

Crasimus hirtus, Casey, Co. Hastings, 1884.

. Loberus impressus; Lec., Trenton and Sudbury.

Cryptophagus fungicola, Zimm., Treuton and Sudbury.

os laticlavus, Casey, Trenton.
* depressulus, Casey, Sudbury.
ss acutangulus, Gyll., Sudbury and Trenton.

Agathengis pumilis, Casey, Co. Hastings and Sudbury.
Atomaria oblongula ? Casey, Trenton.
ES distincta, Casey, Trenton.
Epierus pulicarius, Er., Co. Hastings and Co. Prince Edward.
Paromalus bistriatus, Er., Trenton and Sudbury.
Saprinus posthumus, Mars., Sudbury.
‘*¢ sphaeroides, Lec., Western Ont.
Stelidota 8-macuiata, Say, Co. Hastings.
Corticaria serricollis, Lec., Sudbury and Trenton.
Trogosita virescens, Fab., British Columbia.
Heterocerus collaris, Kies., Co. Hastings.
ge undatus, Melsh., Co. Hastings.
Philodactyla serricollis, Say, Trenton.
Anelastes Latreillei, Lec., Trenton and Crow’s Nest Pass, Rocky
Mountains.
Alaus lusciosus, Hope, Western Ont.
Cardiophorus erythropus, Er., Western Ont.
eS fenestratus, Lec., Trenton and British Columbia.
Glyphonyx testaceus, Melsh., Western Ont.

Melanotus Leonardi, Lec., Ottawa, Ont.
Limonius Crotchii, Horn, British Columbia.

. propexus, Cand., Western Ont.
Cerymbites carbo, Lec., British Columbia.
Chalcophora angulicollis, Lec , British Columbia.
Buprestis confluens, Say, N.-W. Terr.

cs laeviventris, Lec., British Columbia, 1887.

J aurulenta, Linn., British Columbia, 1887.
Chrysobothris carinipennis, Lec., British Columbia.

—— 2. oe

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

99

4766.
4889.
5110.
eeictos
5240.
5468.
Lon7s.
5524.
5562.
5568.

5597-

1o24T.
10256.
5778.
5782.
10257.
5858.
5960.
5963.
5980.
6269.
6282.
6302.
G223.
6363.
6385.
6418.
6428.
10335.

6542.
10336.
6531.
6556.
6567.
6596.
6604.
10386.

6899

10416,
6982.

Pachyscelus lzvigatus, Say, Western Ontario.
Podabrus pruinosus, Lec., British Columbia.
Dolichosoma foveicolle, Kirby, Sudbury.
Necrobia rufipes, Fab., Co. Hastings.
Ptinus brunneus, Duft., Co. Hastings.
Aegialia lacustris, Lec., Co. Hastings.

*« rufescens, Horn., Co. Hastings, 1884.
Aphodius congregatus, Mann., N.-W. Terr.

a alternatus, Horn, Manitoba.

Aphodius prodomus, Brahm., Co. Hastings, Co. Prince Edward

and Ottawa.
Geotrupes semiopacus, Jek., Co. Hastings.
Lachnosterna grandis, Smith, Sudbury and Co. Hastings.

re innominata, Smith, Montreal, Can.
4 ciliata, Lec., Co. Hastings.

r balia, Say, Western Ont.

. limula, Horn, N.-W. Terr.

Cyclocephala immaculata, Oliv., Co. Hastings.
Prionus pocularis, Dalm., Co. Hastings.

** fissicornis, Hald., Sudbury.
Criocephalus australis, Lec., Co. Hastings.
Acmeops ligata, Lec., British Columbia.
Strangalia acuminata, Oliv., Co. Hastings.
Leptura deleta, Lec., Co. Hastings.

** instabilis, Hald., British Columbia.

** ~~ aspersa, Lec., British Columbia.

Monohammus titillator, Fab., Co., Hastings.
Leptostylus biustus, Lec., Co. Hastings.

Liopus fascicularis, Harr., Co. Hastings and Western Ont.

Donacia pusilla, Say, British Columbia and Co. Hastings.
a pyritosa, Lec., Sudbury.
“« rufa, Say, Western Ont. and Co. Hastings.
“« porosicollis, Lac., Co. Hastings.
Zeugophora consanguinea, Cr., Co. Hastings.
Lema collaris, Say, Co. Prince Edward.
Babia 4-guttata, Oliv., Co. Hastings.
Exema gibber, Oliv., Western Ont.
Scelolyperus Schwarzii, Horn, British Columbia.
Galerucella americana, Fab., Manitoba.
Disonycha crenicollis, Say, Co. Prince Edward.
Crepidodera Modeeri, Linn., Co. Hastings and Montreal.

100

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

7007.

10434.
7394:
73096.
7526.
7550.
7615.

10690.
7684.
7692.

7790.
7868.

10727.
7961.
7980.
80gQ9.
8158.
8211.
8223.
8293.
8443.
8449.
8563.

11043.
8838.
8860.
$872.
$982.
9140.
9167.
Qtgt.
9200.

Longitarsus melanurus, Melsh., Trenton and Co. Prince Edward,
Es turbatus, Horn, Trenton.

Iphthimus serratus, Mann., British Columbia and Western Ont.
Ccelocnemis dilaticollis, Mann., British Columbia.
Phylethus bifasciatus, Say, Co. Hastings.
Helops californicus, Mann, British Columbia,
Mycetochares Haldemani, Lec., Co. Hastings.
Isomira tenebrosa, Casey, Trenton.
Hallomenus punctulatus, Lec., Sudbury.
Canifa plagiata, Melsh., Sudbury.
Mordella irrorata, Lec., Halifax, Co. Hastings and Sudbury.
Mordellistena arida, Lec., Co. Hastings.
Nematoplus collaris, Lec., Sudbury.
Elonus princeps, Casey, Co. Hastings.
Vanonus Wickhami, Casey, Trenton.
Anthicus basilaris, Say, Sudbury, 1892.

cs Haldemani, Lec., Co. Hastings.

melancholicus, Laf., Co. Hastings.
Epicauta oregona, Horn, N.-W. Terr.
Cantharis spheericollis, Say, Manitoba.
Rhynchites eeneus, Boh., Western Ont. and Manitoba.
Pterocolus ovatus, Fab., Co. Hastings.
Mylacus saccatus, Lec., British Columbia.
Listronotus callosus, Lec., Ottawa, Ont.

ee sulcirostris, Lec , Co. Hastings.

Phyllotrox nubifer, Lec., Co. Hastings.
Xanthus pygmeus, Dietz., Trenton.
Ceutorhynchus rape, Gyll., Co. Hastings.
Ccelogaster Zimmermanni, Gyll., Trenton.
Baris transversa, Say, Co. Hastings.
Sphenophorus Ulkei, Horn, N:-W. Terr.
Scolytus unispinosus, Lec., British Columbia.
Hylesinus aspericollis, Lec., Victoria Island.
Hylastes nigrinus, Mann., Sudbury and Co. Hastings.
Hylurgops rugipennis, Mann., British Columbia.

Almost all of the foregoing list have been determined during the past
25 years by Mr. Henry Ulke, the late Dr. Jno. Hamilton, Prof. H. F.
Wickham, Mr. J. D. Sherman, Jr., and others, to whom I have been, and
am, deeply grateful for all the kindness bestowed.

tHE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOUILSY. 101

OM THE SPRGIBS OF “UPI THECTA’ OCCURRING AT CAL-
GARY, ALBERTA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR
SUPPOSEDSEO BE NEN.

BY GEO. W. TAYLOR, WELLINGTON, B. C.

Through the kindness of Mr. F. H. Wolley Dod, I have now in my
cabinet specimens of 13 species of ‘* Pugs” taken by him in the neighbour
hood of Calgary.

Three of these belong to well known and widely-distributed species,
viz: Eupithecia cretaceata, Pack.; E. ravocostaliata, Pack. ; and Eucy-
matoge anticaria, Walker.

All the others presented difficulties at first sight, but I have at last
identified five of them, I hope correctly, and I herewith offer descriptions
of four which I suppose to be néw to science. ‘The remaining species is
certainly different to any of the others, but I have only seen a single
specimen, and therefore think it desirable to defer characterizing it.

The five species already described, in addition to the three named
above, are:

Eupithecita nimbicolor, Hulst.—I determined this species from Dr.
Hulst’s description, but I have since had the opportunity of seeing a
specimen which Mr. Wolley Dod thinks was returned to him by Dr. Hulst
as conspecific with the type of mimézcolor, which was also a Calgary
specimen. There is not much doubt, I think, but that we have this
species correctly identified. 7

E. multiscripta, Hulst.—This species was described from Colorado.
Dr. Barnes has the type, and he has kindly given me a specimen agree g
therewith. Mr. Wolley Dod’s specimens are larger and more heavily
marked, and have the margins of the hind wings rather more rounded out,
but I should not like to separate them specifically from mux/tiscripta
without first seeing a larger number of the Colorado form. I may say
here that the specimens from Kaslo which are recorded by Dr. Dyar
(Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 890) under this name are, in my opinion,
clearly distinct, and I propose for them the specific name Dyarata.

E. boreaiis, Hulst.—This species was described from Winnipeg, and
I have seen a specimen in Mr. A. W. Hanham’s collection so named by
Dr. Hulst.

The published description, however, does not fit the insect at all well.

I have good specimens from Mr. Wolley Dod which do not differ in
any respect from those taken at Winnipeg by Mr. Hanham.

Movs: ,} 1906

102 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

£. Casloata, Dyar.—Dr. Dyar’s types were from Kaslo. This is a
large species of the aésynthiata group, and not likely to be contused with
anything else we have on the west coast. Mr. Wolley Dod’s specimens
(Nos. 114 and 115) agree exactly with others from Kaslo. I have the
species from other points in Alberta, through the kindnéss of Mr. T. N.
Willing.

EE. castigata, Hubner.—This is a common European species, but
specimens taken in B. C. and Mr. Wolley Dod’s Nos. 117, 134 and 141 are
so very close to those sent me from England that I have decided to include
them all under one name. I may be wrong, for there is always a risk in
applying European names to American moths, but I really cannot see any
differences that I can express in words.

The following species are, I think, new to science :

Eupithecta Regina, n. sp.—Expanse 20 mm. About the size of and
otherwise closely resembling Hupithecita scriptaria, H. Sch. Palpi short
and stout. Abdomen gray, with brown tinge, dorsal tufts black, no
transverse band on 2nd segment. Wings rather short, apex rounded.

Fore wings of a soft, even gray (in one specimen tinged with brown),
and crossed by many pale, wavy lines. In a perfectly fresh specimen nine
of these can be distinguished. The first two are close together, and
parallel, and limit the darker basal area. The third is the widest, and
includes a very minute discal dot. The next two are very faint, then two
more distinct exactly parallel, and occupying the place of the usual extra-
discal line ; then a very faint one, and lastly, the usual submarginal line.
All these pale lines are most conspicuous on the costa. There is a
marginal black line interrupted at the veins; fringe the colour of the
wings, but darker basally.

Hind wings with similar markings, but much obscured, except the
double extra-discal line, which is clearly traceable.

Beneath paler, fore wings with basal half smoky, costa with six or
seven dark spots, discal spot linear and quite distinct ; about six fairly
evident extra-discal lines.

Hind wings with about seven distinct dark lines, and a very small
discal dot ; fringe checkered.

Described from five specimens: One from Regina (Mr. T. N.
Willing), 25th June, rg05, and four from head of Pine Creek, Calgary (Mr.
F. H.., Walley, Dod); June>29," 19045 ~.July 7, Too weemaly. 22,9 190gn.
August 2, 1903.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 103

Eupithecia Alberta, n. sp.—Expanse 25 mm. Palpi short and stout.
Abdomen brownish, with paler dorsal line ; no band on 2nd segment.

Fore wings brown, much produced, all margins rounded, so much so
that the inner angle of fore wings is almost obliterated. Cross lines very
faint, all of them in general direction parallel to outer margin ; the sub-
marginal whitish line is the most distinct; discal dot small, black ;
marginal line of black dashes.

Hind wings paler, with marginal dusky band and traces of three or
four dark lines on inner margin ; discal dot minute, marginal line black ;
sIx or seven distinct dots on fringe.

Beneath paler, with the markings of the upper side faintly reproduced;
discal dots distinct, black.

Hind wings with two outer discal broad lines emphasized on the
veins, fringe distinctly spotted.

The peculiar rounding out of all the margins of the fore wings will
serve to distinguish this species from all other Canadian Eupithecias.

Described from two specimens: Head of Pine Creek, Calgary (Mr.
Wolley Dod). Both specimens were taken at light, June 30, 1904.

Lupithecia’ Dodata, n. sp.—Expanse 22 mm. Palpi long and
stout. Abdomen mottled gray and brown; dorsal tufts black ; first
segment pale, second darker.

Fore wings gray, thickly overlaid with fuscous scales. giving them a
mottled appearance ; many dark, very indistinct, cross lines, showing as
dark spots on costa and as dots on the veins. Basal line rounded ; intra-
discal parallel to it; extra discal interrupted, but showing in black dots on
veins 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6; a similar series of dots, indicating another parallel
line between this and the rather conspicuous white submarginal line, which
is terminated by a distinct white dot below vein 2; marginal line black ;
fringe spotted ; a black discal spot.

Hind wings same colour as fore wings, a dark submarginal shade ;
faint indications of cross lines ; discal dot small ; marginal line black,
distinct.

Beneath paler, discal dots distinct ; two extra-discal lines on all
wings, commencing as rather large dark blotches on costa of fore wings ;
marginal line black, distinct ; fringe spotted.

Described from two specimens: Head of Pine Creek, Calgary (Mr.
F. H. Wolley Dod), 27th June and 3 d July, 1904.

I hope no classical scholar will enquire as to the derivation of the
specific name.

104 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Eupithecia adornata, 0. sp.—Expanse 24 mm. Palpi short, porrect.
Abdomen gray, mottled with brown; hind margin of each segment brown.

Fore wings produced, costa very straight, outer margin oblique ;
colour gray, overlaid with reddish brown scales, the gray predominating in
the central band, and the brown in the basal and marginal areas ; basal
line black, very close to the base ; central band, including about six dark
lines, most evident on the costa ; discal spot not discernible above, excey-t
in one specimen ; submarginal line a series of white dots only ; marginal
line of black dashes, followed by a whitish line at the extreme base of the
fringe, which is spotted.

Hind wings with markings of fore wings continued, but very —
indistinctly.

Beneath fore wings smoky, markings hardly discernible.

Hind wings with two intra-discal and three (sometimes only two

visib'e) extra-discal lines ; marginal line and fringe as above ; very minute
discal dots,

Described from six specimens : Head of Pine Creek, Calgary (Mr.
F. H. Wolley Dod), May 25th and 3oth, June 3rd, 5th, roth and ry4th.

This species is evidently nearly allied to Aupithecia Coloradensis,
Hulst, a species I have not yet seen, but I do not think, after studying the
description, that it can be the same.

The Calgary list will now stand as follows :

1. Eupithecia Regina, Taylor.

Di ee castigata, Hubner.
3h ee Sp.
4. - Dodata, Taylor.
5 S borealis, Hulst.
6. . multistrigata, Hulst.
*) 5S adornata, ‘Taylor.
8. 3 nimbicolor, Hulst.

. Ps Casloata, Dyar.
10. es Alberta, Taylor.
isa, es ravocostaliata, Pack.
Te He cretaceata, Pack.

13. Eucymatoge anticaria, Walker.

Mailed Feb. 28th, 1906.

The @ anautiay Ventomalogist

VoL. XXXVIIL. LONDON, APRIL, 1906. No. 4

A FIRST LIST OF ONTARIO ODONATA.
BY E. M. WALKER, B. A., M. B., TORONTO.

The following list of Odonata is mainly the result of four seasons’
collecting in various parts of Ontario, but chiefly in three localities, viz. :
Toronto; De Grassi Point, Lake Simcoe, and Algonquin Park.

Although most of the material was collected by the writer, the list
has been considerably lengthened by the records of captures made by

other collectors. Among these should be mentioned the collections of
Dr. Wm. Brodie, in the Educational Dept., Toronto ; many specimens
taken in Algonquin Park by Prof. Macoun in rgoo, and by Mr, Paul
Hahn in 1903-4; a considerable number from the collection of the
Biological Dept. of the University of Toronto, consisting chiefly of
alcoholic specimens of nymphs and imagoes taken at the Biological
Experiment Station at Go Home, Georgian Bay, and a few collected and
presented to the Department by the late Mr. R. T. Anderson; and finally,
a small collection from Thessalon, Algoma, belonging to Miss Roun-
thwaite, of Toronto.

The names have also been added of a few species previously known
from Ontario, of which no specimens have been seen by the writer.

When the Odonatological fauna of Ontario is thoroughly known, it
will doubtless prove to be considerably richer than is indicated by the
present list, which does not pretend to completeness. It would, therefore,
have been better, perhaps, to have delayed its publication for a few
seasons until more material had been collected, if the writer had not been
obliged to discontinue for an indefinite time the work necessary for that
purpose. Our fauna should embrace at least 100 species, probably con-
siderably more. The genera that should yield the greatest number of
unrecorded species are Somatochlora, Gomphus and Enallagma.

Somatochlora is a boreal genus, and many species not yet known
from Ontario will surely appear in the far north, e. g., S. albicinata
(Burm.), Franklini (Selys), Hudsonica (Selys), and Wadshii (Scudd.). Of
Gomphus, the material upon which this list is based is but scanty, and yet

106 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

includes ten species. ‘There should be at least fifteen. G. abbreviatus
Selys, f/raternus (Say), vastus Walsh, descriptus Banks, Ophiogomphus
colubrinus Selys, and Lanthus parvulus Selys, are all probably
residents. The writer has never collected in a good Gomphine locality
at the proper season. Leucorhinia should furnish one or two more
species in the north, such as Z. Hudsonica (Selys) and proxima Hagen,
while Avgia ought to be better represented in the south, A. ¢7dzalis
(Ramb) and sedu/a (Hagen) being not unlikely to occur in the Upper
Austral Zone along Lake Erie. Of other Zygopterous species, Heterina
Americana (F.), Amphiagrion saucium (Burm.), Anomalagrion hastatum
(Say), and Zschnura posita (Hag.), are almost sure to turn up in the same
zone, if not further north.

The writer acknowledges with gratitude the kind assistance of Drs,
J. G. Needham and P. P. Calvert in the determination of many

specimens.
Sub-order ZYGOPTERA.

Family CALOPTERYGID&.

1. Calopteryx maculata, Beauvy.—Hamilton, June; Toronto, June
22-July; Berlin, July—-Aug.,, (W. J. Fraser); De Grassi Pt, Lake
Simcoe, July 6—Aug.; Algonquin Park, July-Aug ; Thessalon, Algoma.

An abundant species along the banks of woodland streams.

2. Calopteryx eguabilis, Say.—Berlin, July—Aug., abundant (W. J.
Fraser) ; London; Algonquin Park, July 25, 1900, Aug. 31, 1902;
Thessalon, Algoma ; Michipicoten, L. Superior (Hagen, C. Hudsonica).
The dark patch at the apex of the fore wings is broader and more sharply
defined in the specimens from Algonquin Park than in those from Berlin,
The only female I have seen is the single example from Thessalon, in
which the wings are only just perceptibly deeper at apex than elsewhere.

Family AGRIONIDA,
Sub-family Zes¢ive.
3. Lestes congener, Say.—Niagara Glen, Aug. 18, 1904; Algonquin
Park, Aug. 14-29, 1902-04, abundant.
4. Lestes unguiculata, Say.—Chatham, Aug. 10, 1901 ; Sarnia, Aug.
12, 1901; Berlin (W. J. Fraser); Walpole Id., River St. Clair, Aug. 13,
tg01; Point Pelee, Aug. 8, 1901 ; Thessalon, Algoma ; Toronto, July 6,
1904; De Grassi Pt., July 7, 1901. A common species.
5. Lestes uncata, (Kirby. — Hamilton (Anderson, Biol. Dept,

Toronto) ; Toronto, June 15-July 6; De Grassi Pt., Aug.; Algonquin
Park, Aug. 13, 1903. A scarce species wherever I have taken it.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 107

6. Lestes disjuncta, Selys.—Toronto, July 15-Aug., 1904, abundant
along the banks of the Humber River and in neighbouring woods; Toronto
Island, July 25, 1904, flying over the lagoons ; Lake Simcoe, Aug.,
abundant along the margins of creeks ; Algonquin Park, Aug. 13, 1903.

.7: Lestes rectangularis, Say.—Chatham, Aug. 10, 1901; Niagara Glen,
June 28, 1903; Toronto, June 24, 1904, Aug. 9, 1903; De Grassi Pt.,
July-Aug.; Algonquin Park, Aug. 11-29, 1903. A common but not
abundant species.

8. Lestes vigilax.—Sarnia, Aug. 8, 1901 ; Grenadier Pond, Toronto,
late June-Aug. A very local species, exceedingly abundant around
Grenadier Pond. I have reared the flies from nymphs taken from the
margins of the pond.

Sub-family Agrzonine.

9. Argia putrida, Hagen.—Algonquin Park, July 15, 1900, one
teneral (J. Macoun), Aug. 15-21, 1904 (P. Hahn). I found the exuvie
on a timber slide at Ragged Lake, Algonquin Park, Aug., 1902. This
species will doubtless be found commonly along the shore of Lake Erie.

10. Argia apicalis, Say.—Chatham, Aug. 1o, 1901 ; abundant along
the banks of the Thames.

11. Argia violacea, Hag.—Algonquin Park, Aug. 17, 1903.

12. Chromagrion conditum, Charp —Berlin, Aug., numerous (W.
J. Fraser).

13. WMehalennia irene, Hag. — Toronto, June 22-July, common,
especially around Grenadier Pond; Rosebank, June, 1903; De Grassi
Pt., July-Aug. 3, 1903.

14. Amphiagrion saucium, Burm.—Reported from Ontario by
Calvert (Cat. Odon. Phil., 236, 1893).

15. Enallagma Hageni, Walsh. — Toronto, June g—July; Rose-
bank, June; De Grassi Pt., Tuly ; Go Home, Georgian Bay, July 18,
1904; Algonquin Park, Aug. 17-28, 1904. Our commonest Lnadlagma,
occurring in swarms around Grenadier and other ponds in June.

16. Enallagma geminatum, Kellicott.—Toronto, Grenadier Pond,
July 11-14, 1904. Not common.

17. Enallagma exsulans, Hag. — Chatham, Aug. 10, rgo1; De
Grassi Pt., July 18, 1904; Algonquin Park, Aug. 24, 1902.

18. Enallagma ebrium, Hag.—Toronto, June 3-14, roor, Aug,
abundant ; De Grassi Pt., July 3, 1904, common ; Algonquin Park, Aug.,
1904 (P. Hahn). Nearly as common as 2. H/agent, except northward,

108 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

19. Enallagma Calverti, Morse.—Berlin, Aug. 31, 1904, 1 g (W.
J. Fraser) ; De Grassi Pt, July 9, 1901, t 6.

20. Enallagma carunculatum, Morse.—Toronto, June 27-Aug.,
1904, common; De Grassi Pt.,. July 19-Aug., common: Go Home,
Georgian Bay, July 18, 1g04.

I have bred this late-appearing species from nymphs taken in
Grenadier Pond and in Lake Simcoe. It is the only Zygopterous dragon-
fly that breeds in the clear, wave-tossed waters of Lake Simcoe, although

others occur in the shallow reedy places near the shore. The nymphs -

climb up the timbers of the wharf, and up reeds growing from a depth of
several feet.

21. Enallagma antennatum, Say.— Berlin, Aug. (W. J. Fraser) ;
Toronto, June 24-July 6. Abundant along the banks of the Don River,
where few other species occur.

22. Enallagma signatum, Hag. — Toronto, July 5-14, 1904, in
small numbers around Grenadier Pond.

23. Agrion resolutum, Hag.—Toronto, June 11, 1904; Rosebank,
June, 1903. The Toronto specimens of this interesting boreal insect were
taken at Grenadier Pond, in company with 2. Hagent.

24. Ischnura verticalis, Say—Point Pelee, Aug. 8, 1901; Chatham,
Aug. 10, 1901; Sarnia, Aug. 12, rgo1 , Toronto, June ro—Aug, 1904 ;
Lake Simcoe, July-Aug.; Algonquin Park, Aug, 8-29, 1903-04. Our
most abundant species of Agrionide. The orange female is much more
numerous than the black one.

25. Ischnura Ramburii, Selys.—Reported from Ontario by Calvert
(Cat. Odon. Phil., 240, 1893).

Sub-order ANISOPTERA.
Family A“scHNIDA.
Sub-family Gomphine.

26. Ophiogomphus rupinsulensis, Walsh. — Algonquin Park, Aug.
1530, 1902-03. Common over shallow rapids on the North Branch of
the Muskoka River.

27. Hagenius brevistylus, Selys.—Toronto (Wm Brodie) ; De Grassi
Pt, 1 exuvia, Aug.; Go Home, Georgian Bay, June 30, 1903, many
examples transforming; Algonquin Park, Aug. 20-22, 1903, 3 dd, all
slightly worn, and a few exuviee.

28. Lanthus albisty/us, Selys. — Algonquin Park, Aug. 14, 1903.
Locally common over rapids on the North Branch of the Muskoka River,

but only 1 ¢ taken,

oo eee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 109

29. Gomphus brevis, Hag.—Algonquin Park, Aug. 20, 1903. A
pair much worn, and two exuvie.

30. Gomphus exilis, Selys.—Toronto (W. Brodie) ; De Grassi Pt.,
June 30-July 9, rgo1-’04 ; Go Home, Georgian Bay, June 22, 1903, 1 f

with exuvia, newly emerged ; Algonquin Park, Aug., exuviz. Probably
our commonest Gomphus.

31. Gomphus borealis, Needh.—A male of what seems to be this
species is in the collection of Dr. Brodie, in the Educational Dept.,
Toronto. It is without a label, but was found in a box containing speci-
mens of various orders of insects, apparently all from Ontario. There is
a little yellow on the outer surface of the tibie, but the male appendages
agree so closely with Needham’s figures of dorea/1s that there seems little
doubt that it belongs here.

32. Gomphus sordidus, Hag.—Go Home, Georgian Bay, June ?,
1903; ' ¢ with exuvia, freshly emerged. Dr. Calvert, who saw this
specimen, writes me that it is “apparently sordidus.” The abdomen of
the nymph is proportionately somewhat broader than that of G. descriptus,
as described by Needham, who says the nymphs of sordrdus are “‘ entirely
similar to that species in habits and appearance ” (Aquatic Insects in the
Adirondacks, Bull. 47, N. Y. State Mus., p, 455).

33. Gomphus crassus, Hag.—Niagara Glen, July 4, 1903, 2 2 ¢.
This is the most northern record for this species.

34. Gomphus Scudderi, Selys. — Algonquin Park, Aug. 17-30,
190203. Common over gentle rapids on the North Branch of the
Muskoka River.

35. Gomphus plagiatus, Selys.—Algonquin Park, Aug. 11, 1903, one
exuvia from muddy shore of river.

36. Gomphus spicatus, Hagen. — Hamilton? (Anderson); Port
Sidney, May 18, 1899 (W. Brodie). It has also been reported from
Ontario by Hagen.

37. Gomphus villosipes, Selys.—Toronto, July 24, t901, « ¢, found
flying around a small pond.

38. Gomphus furcifer, Hagen.—Toronto, June 15-20, 190304; De
Grassi Point, July 15, 1901. Not infrequent in Toronto, where it breeds
in Grenadier Pond.

39. Dromogomphus spinosus, Selys.—Toronto, Grenadier Pond, June
24, 1904; De Grassi Point, July-Sept. 17, 1901, common ; Thessalon,
Algoma.

110 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

At Lake Simcoe the nymphs crawl out upon the rocks or clay banks
of the wave-beaten shore, where they transform. They never crawl more
than three or four feet from the water’s edge. The imagoes fly over the
lake near the shore, and in openings in the woods within half a mile or so
of it.

(To be continued.)
A NOTE ON THE EUCH(CECA COMPTARIA MUDDLE.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR, WASHINGTON, D. C.

I have carefully separated out my material by Mr. Pearsall’s latest
(Can. ENT., XxxXviil, 33, 1906) and find all the forms before me. I
cannot agree that the arrangement is final. In the first place, in
describing the genus /Vomenia, Mr. Pearsall mentioned as type 22-¢:neata,
Pack., which he now transfers to EHucheca, and makes a new name,
unipecta, Pears., for the type species. ‘This strikes me as a contravention
of the rules. An author can no more change his own names than those of
another, nor his own determinations, when they are made as a restriction
of a heterotypical species. Mr. Pearsall’s first restriction of 72-2:neata to
the Western form with unipectinate antenne will hold; the form with
simple antenne latterly interpreted as 72-/ineata may .be called Pearsadii.
I have four specimens before me from Victoria, B. C. (EK. M. Anderson) ;
Seattle, Wash. (T. Kincaid) ; Huachuca Mts., Arizona (Dr. Barnes) ; and
a fifth, doubtful, from Kaslo, B. C. (Dyar).

In the second place, Mr. Pearsall has neglected two names of
Walker’s, condensata and inclinataria, heretofore referred to the synonymy.
The former I should say was exhumata, Pears., judging from the descrip-
tion ; the latter not referable here at all, as Walker states the antennz to
be pectinated. My arrangement would be as follows :

NomeEnIA, Pearsall.
duodecemlineata, Packard.
= unipecta, Pearsall.
var. secunda, Pearsall.
Eucuaica, Hubner.
condensata, Walker.

=exhumata, Pearsall.
Pearsalli, Dyar.
comptaria, Walker.
= perlineata, Packard.
= salienta, Pearsall,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 111

ON ACIDALIA SUBALBARIA, PACKARD, AND SOME ALLIED
FORMS.
BY GEO. W. TAYLOR, WELLINGTON, B. C.

1. In 1874 Dr. Packard' described and figured a Californian Geometer
under the name Acidalia subalbaria. ‘The type was one female, and the
specimen was figured in the photographic plate accompanying the paper.

In his monograph? Dr. Packard repeats the description word for
word, merely adding after the word antennex, ‘ which are well pectinated
in the male” (for at this.time he had both sexes of the species), and at the
end of his account he says, “the male antennze are well pectinated, an
unusual exception to their ordinary form in this genus.” A lithographed
figure is given (Mon. plate x, p. 63) of the male specimen, but the mark-
ings are emphasized in’a way which gives a wrong impression as to their
distinctness. ‘The photograph in the earlier paper, though from a very
indifferent specimen, gives a much better idea of the species as it is known
to me.

In 1895 Dr. Hulst® states, on the authority of the late Mr. Moffat,
that the type of Acidalia anticaria, Walker, in the collection of the
Entomological Society of Ontario “is probably the same as A. subalbaria,
Pack.” In his “Classification,” and again in the Geometrid portion of
Dyar’s Catalogue, Dr. Hulst, apparently on this slender evidence, places
the species in the genus Zo’s as a synonym of anticaria, Walker. But
anyone reading Walker’s description‘ of avticaria can see at a glance that
he is writing of a true Sterrhid: ‘head black in front,” “‘antennz pubes-
cent,” “‘ discal point black,”—these are all characters quite in keeping with
an Zois, but not at all agreeing with Packard’s suda/baria, which by
Packard’s own showing is not a Sterrfid at all, but a Deastictis.

I have in my cabinet a specimen quite typical of this form, received
through the kindness of Prof. C. F Baker, and taken in Southern California.

2. A very similar species of Déastéctis was described by Dr. Dyar, in
his paper on the Lepidoptera of the Kootenai District,’ as Cymatophora
Matilda.

I have one of -—Dr. Dyar’s co-types in my collection, and also a long
series from various British Columbian localities, and from Verdi, Nevada.

> Proc. Bost. Soc: Nat. Hist., XVI, p: 28, fig. 15.
. Monograph Geom. Moths, p. 334.

Ent. News, VI, p. 72.

. Cat. Lep. Het. Br. Mus., XXVI, p. 1593-

. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXVII, p. 907.

April, 1906

nbwWN =

aly THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

This form is very closely allied to svéa/baria, Packard, but in my opinion
the two are quite distinct.

They are, however, according to Dr. Dyar," confused in the Hulst
collection, being there united under the name (not really applicable to either
of them) Zods anticaria, Walker.

3. If it is admitted that swbalbaria, Packard, belongs to the genus
Diastictis, and | do not think there can be any doubt about the matter,
then the specific name will clash with that of the Ddéas¢cctis subalbaria,
Hulst,’ described from Colorado, and I therefore propose for that species
the name Déastictis Hulstiaria. I have seen specimens of this species
determined by Hulst himself from Manitoba, and I presume they correctly
represent his species. I have similar specimens from Calgary, and I
believe that the species listed by Dr. Dyar* from Kaslo in error, as Dezlinia
variolaria, is the same thing.

4. Dr. Hulst described still another white Déastic¢is in his last paper’?
as Cymatophora virginalis. The description is very short and inadequate,
but it would seem to refer to a smaller insect, ‘‘expanse 22 mm.,” and the
few details given do not apply accurately to the specimens I have placed
under Audstiavia. At the same time I must admit that I have received
specimens from the Catskill Mountains (Dr. Pearsall), which were said to
have been identified by Hulst himself as wzginalis, which I cannot
separate from those I have spoken of above. It is probable, however,
that the study of more abundant material, and a careful examination of
Hulst’s actual types, may demonstrate that Hwdstiarza and virginialis are
distinct, though very closely allied.

The species considered in this article should stand in our lists as
follows :

Diastictis subalbaria, Pack., non Hulst, California.
te Matilda, Dyar, Col., B. C., Nevada.
ee Hulstiaria, Taylor, Col., Manitoba, B. C.
= subalbaria, Hulst, non Pack.
ve virginalis, Hulst, Atlantic States.

And the reference to suba/baria, Pack., under Hos anticaria, Walker,
must be struck out.

6. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., Vol. VI, p. 224.
4, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXIII, p. 333.
8. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXVII, p. 905.

9. Jour. New York Ent. Soc., VIII, p. 218,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Res

NEW COLEOPTERA FROM THE SOUTH-WEST.—II.

BY H. C. FALL, PASADENA, CALIFORNIA.

The new species in the writer's collection selected for description in
the following pages are representatives of the genera Cymatodera and
Hydnocera, of the Cleride, and have been now chosen in order that their
publication may be as nearly contemporaneous as possible with the recent
descriptions of new species by Mr. Schaeffer and Dr. Skinner, whose
articles have aroused some present interest in this family.

Cymatodera delicatula, n. sp.—Very small, similar in most respects
to puacticollis. Brown, antenne and legs uniformly rufotestaceous, front
of head, apical and basal margins of prothorax and apex of elytra gradually
paler ; elytra with a broad, antemedian yellowish transverse fascia, which
is not at all narrowed at the suture. Antenne stout, nearly half the length
of the body, joints 2-4 subequal and smaller than those following, outer
joints subcylindrical, gradually wider apically, but not at all triangular ;
last joint longer, obtusely pointed. Eyes very prominent, especially in
the ¢, in which they are separated on the front by a distance scarcely
greater than their own vertical diameter. Head and prothorax very
minutely sparsely punctate, tne latter much wider at apex than at base;
basal constriction strong, apical constriction moderate, width at middle
subequal to that atapex. Elytra at base nearly twice as wide as the base
of the prothorax, humeri rectangular, sides slightly diverging posteriorly,
striz consisting of quite coarse perforate punctures, which become finer
at apex ; intervals as wide as the punctures near the suture, becoming
narrower at sides ; each with a row of fine distant punctures ; pubescence
fine, rather long, suberect, the alternate interspaces with widely-spaced,
longer, somewhat stouter, erect hairs, which are most conspicuous on the
third.

Length, 3.2-4.2 mm.

Male.—Fifth ventral with posterior margin scarcely visibly emarginate;
the sixth broadly feebly arcuato-emarginate from side to side ; last dorsal
rounded and feebly notched.

Female.—As in puncticollis.

Described from a single pair sent me by Mr. Beyer, by whom they
were taken at Santa Rosa, Lower California. This species is closely
related to puncticollis, but appears to be distinct in its somewhat less

coarsely punctate elytral striz, broader, complete transverse fascia, colour
April, 1906

114 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

of legs, and less distinctly emarginate fifth and sixth ventrals in the male.
The antenne are obviously graduaily incrassate outwardly, a form not
mentioned in the description of puzcticol/is, nor indicated in Horn’s figure,
The original description of puncticodéis by Bland differs in some respects
from the later one by Horn. ‘The elytra of the type being, as indicated
by Bland, in great part pale, with an indistinct subbasal band and a
broader, distinct one at apical third: a style of coloration which nearly
agrees with the closely-allied s‘xfata, but not with delicatula. It is quite
possible, however, that these variations may exist within specific limits.

Cymatodera decipiens, n. sp.—Allied to puncticollis, from which it
differs most conspicuously by the larger size and “fine series of elytral
punctures, the interstriz being from two to three times as wide as the
punctures near the base, the latter nearly disappearing at about the middle
of the elytra near the suture, but extending further at the sides. ‘The
antenne are not or scarcely incrassate apically, the outer joints a little
compressed and plainly subtriangular, when viewed on the compressed
side, last joint longer and acutely pointed. Prothorax closely, rather
coarsely but somewhat vaguely punctate. Elytral fascia incomplete,
consisting of a somewhat irregular transverse antemedian spot, which
reaches neither suture nor side margin. Colour piceous brown, legs and
antennz pale reddish brown ; pubescence very fine, consisting of shorter,
more.or less inclined hairs, with sparser, longer, erect hairs intermixed.

Length, 6.25 mm.

Male.—Fifth ventral broadly, feebly arcuate, sixth broadly, slightly
arcuately emarginate at middle ; last dorsal not visible.

Female.—As in punecticollis. -

Described from a single pair taken by the writer in the San Bernardino
Mts., California.

A specimen of this species sent iong ago to Dr. Horn was identified
by him as puncticollis, but a careful study convinces me that it cannot
possibly be that species. It is evidently allied to wmzformzis, Schaef, which,
however, is a much more coarsely punctured and pubescent species, with
immaculate elytra.

Cymotodera umbrina, n. sp.— Closely related in size, form and colour
to morosa.and Belfrage:, with the latter of which it agrees more nearly in
abdominal sexual characters. In Le/fragei the prothorax is said to be
very feebly punctured in posterior three-fourths. In the present species
the prothorax is equally punctured throughout, and the elytral punctures are

oe

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 115

finer than in Belfyrage’. ‘Vhe fifth veatral segment ( ¢ ) is deeply subpara-
bolically emarginate ; the sixth segment much longer than wide, slightly
narrowed to apex, which is broadly, not very deeply arcuately emarginate,
the lateral angles moderately acute, but not produced or incurved, their
points bent downward; lateral carinze very feebly arcuate, and only

slightly convergent anteriorly, nearly reaching the base of the segment, the
surface between them rather coarsely punctate and subcarinate throughout
along the median line. Last dorsal notched at middle, the sides rounded;
penultimate dorsal broadly, deeply triangularly emarginate. Female as-in
Belfragei.

Length, 11-13 mm.

The type is a male from Claremont, California, collected by Baker.
With this I have placed a second male collected by Schwarz at Oracle,
Arizona, and females from Pomona, Riverside, Echo Mt., and San
Jacinto Mt., in Southern California, and Harqua Hala, in South-western
Arizona.

The elytral band is almost exactly at the middle of the elytra; it is
very narrow on the disk, widening a little at the margin, and is frequently
obscure or visible only at sides. In Se/fragez the sixth ventral is nearly
square, a little wider toward the apex, the lateral carine shorter and more
convergent.

Hydnocera plagifera, n. sp.—Very robust, black, slightly aeneous, and
moderately shining ; elytra each with a broad reddish-yellow stripe of
uneven width extending from the base to apical two-fifths, touching the
base and side margin, but not reaching the suture, the tips of the humeri
dark. Pubescence moderately plentiful, erect and subrecumbent, white,
mixed with black, and with a denser transverse fascia of white hairs
covering the dilated posterior end of the pale stripe. Antennz pale
yellow ; eyes moderately large; head densely, not coarsely, punctate.
Prothorax distinctly wider than long, nearly as wide as the head, including
the eyes, sides strongly dilated before the middle, straight and parallel in
apical two-fifths ; strongly impressed along the basal margin ; disk evenly
convex, median line smooth posteriorly, becoming evanescent in front,
elsewhere closely but not coarsely punctate, the sculpture becoming
somewhat rugulose laterally. Elytra covering the abdomen, plainly wider
than the head, almost three-fifths as wide as long, punctuation coarse and
rather dense ; apices impressed before the margins, which are serrulate

116 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

and separately rounded. Beneath rather sparsely punctate and pubescent;
legs black, the front tibiz and all the tarsi pale.

Length, 5 nm.

Bishop (Owens Valley), California.

The type is a female kindly given me by Dr. Fenyes, in whose collec-
tion is a second example, which differs from the type in that the pale
elytral spots involve the entire basal three-fifths of the elytra except the
tips of the humeral umbones and a narrow sutural line. This was, when
taken, supposed to be robusta, which occurs in the same region, but a
comparison with Horn’s description shows too many differences to permit
its assignment to that species.

Hydnocera cyanitincta, n. sp.—Slender, eyes very prominent, colour
above deep blue, body below and legs. black, with greenish-blue reflec:
tions, the front tibia pale internally ; pubescence sparse, whitish, with a
very faint indication of a median transverse fascia. Head finely, sparsely
punctate ; prothorax sparsely, quite coarsely, but very vaguely so; the
lateral fovere strong ; elytra coarsely, closely punctured. — Elytra parallel,
covering the abdomen, apices separately rounded, but not at all dehiscent.

Length, 4.8 mm.

New Mexico, Sacramento Mts. (Knaus).

Closely allied to cyanescens, from which it differs in a number of
minor respects, which in’ the aggregate seem to warrant its separation.
As compared with cyanescens, the sculpture is rather coarser and closer,
prothorax is a little more transverse, the dilation more abrupt, the sides
posteriorly convergent to base rather than paraliel ; the elytral apices and
side margins more strongly serrate.

Hydnocera cribripennis, n. sp.—Form and size of scabra, dull black,
rather plentifully pubescent with yellowish-gray subrecumbent confused
hair, and sparser blackish and pale erect hairs. Elytra with a subbasal
transverse pale fascia, which crosses the suture but does not reach the side
margins, and a transverse, slightly post-median spot on each, which reaches
neither suture nor margin; the extreme base is also narrowly pale on
either slde of the scutellum. Eyes large and strongly convex ; head
densely, rather finely punctate. Prothorax much narrower than the head,
a little wider than long, sides strongly rounded anteriorly, apical constric-
tion strong, sides sinuately narrowing behind, surface densely, not coarsely
punctate, and slightly rugulose, the sculpture obscured somewhat by the
pubescence. Elytra not covering the abdomen, one-fifth wider than the

24y

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 117

head, much less than twice as long as wide, sides plainly convergent
posteriorly, apices separately rounded and serrulate, surface very densely,

coarsely punctate, becoming strongly cribrate toward the apex. The

pubescence is somewhat condensed, and transversely inclined on the

posterior pale spot. Legs rufotestaceous, the thighs all more or less
infuscate.

Length, 3.5 mm.

Fedor, Texas. One male. ;

A specimen in the LeConte cabinet bears the manuscript name,
granipennis, wnich I have changed to the more appropriate one here
given. The sculpture of the elytra is rougher than in any other species
known to me, but is nearly approached by Awazsiz, which, however,
differs much in its coloration, more slender form, less. densely punctured
thorax and sparser vestiture.

Hydnocera affiliata, n. sp.—Similar in form and colour to pad/ipennis,
to which it is very closely related, differing only as follows: Head and
prothorax closely punctate and feebly shining (sparsely punctate and
shining in pa//ipennis), elytral punctures a little closer, the apex always
pale, and usually with a small antiapical black spot.

California (Pasadena and Pomona).

Hydnocera sobrina, n. sp.—Slender, shining, black, with faint aeneous
tinge, front and middle legs pale, hind legs black, the knees and tarsi pale;
pubescence sparse, erect, uniformly distributed, ochreo-cinereous. Head
finely but distinctly, not closely punctate, eyes not very prominent ;
antenne pale, the tip of the terminal joint darker. Prothorax fully as long
as wide, anterior dilatation not very strong, much as in verticalis, apical
constriction moderate, sides parallel behind, lateral fovez feeble ; surface

- rather sparsely and finely punctate, median line faintly elevated fora short

distance behind the anterior constriction. Elytra parallel, much shorter

- than the abdomen, dehiscent at apex, the tips rounded and feebly serrate,

punctuation moderately strong and close, but much finer than in verticadis.
Length, 4 mm.
Oak Creek Canon, Arizona, July (Snow).

This is a rather inconspicuous species, which is in general form
related to vertica/is, but seems quite distinct from any of our described
species,

118 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

ANOTHER GEOMETRID TANGLE,
BY RICHARD F. PEARSALL, BROOKLYN, N. Y.
(Continued from page 71.)

Since the above investigation was begun, I have received, under date
of Jan. 31, a letter from Mr. L. B. Prout, whose lively interest in solving
these vexed problems is as great as my own, and much more unselfish. I
can best show this by quoting it here, with apologies to him for so doing
without permission. ‘

“« Ineguatiata, Pack.—The British Museum possesses the example
which purports (I suppose correctly) to be Packard’s ‘type’ specimen.
The labelling on it agrees with Packard’s data, ‘ Long Island, N. Y. (H.
K. Morrison), and the Museum acquired it witn Zeller’s collection. It
agrees with Packard’s figure (PI. LX, Fig. 20). It is a female example of
the well-known European species, Lodopiora halterata, Hufn., and as I
believe no other American examples of that species are known, I can only
conclude either :

““(7) That it was accidentally introduced to America by shipping or
some unexplained agency, or

“(2) That some confusion as to its real origin occurred (d¢fore it was
sent to Packard for figuring, for his figure confirms the specimen).
f=) 5) f=)

‘In either event the name zvegua/iata must sink to halterata, and
cannot stand for your pseudo montanata (Eastern), which, though fairly
similar, is abundantly distinct.

“ Mivigerata, Walk.—You are quite right. This (according to the
two type specimens) is evacé/y the thing which you send meas montanata,
Auctt., non Pack.—Packard’s Eastern, non-typical montanata. . . . .
I may add that Warren, in arranging the Brit. Mus. Geometrides thirteen
years ago, had discovered the identity of évigerata with the so called
‘montanata, and had merged them together.”

It is fortunate that the type of zzeguadiata, Pack., is in existence, for
it solves definitely this part of the difficulty, and the name must be
dropped from our lists. Our eastern Lodophora, as I have suspected,
becomes Lobophora nivigerata, Walk., and it follows that the species now
known as Philopsia nivigerata, Walk., is not that species, and has never
been described. I herewith describe it under the name of

Philopsia canavestita, DV. Sp.— expanse, 19-22 mm.

April, 1906,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 119

Wing texture and covering of scales very thin; fore wings large,
produced at apex, hind wings small, narrow, somewhat extended. Palpi
rough scaled, dark gray. Front, collar, thorax and abdomen above dark
gray and white mixed, the front a little darker, tending to brownish.
Wings soiled white, sprinkled thinly but evenly with dusky scales, these
darkened along costal region of fore wings and when formed into bands,
which sometimes are distinct and cross the wings, but more often fade out,
or are entirely wanting, as in the case of the @ type. The male is marked
thus: a narrow curved dark gray band close to base, a pale line of ground
colour of equal width, then a broad gray band, widest at costa, and slightly
curved toward base at inner margin. ‘The discal space broad and paler,
sometimes transversed within discal dot by a shadowy line. Extra-discal
band, two-thirds out from base, darker, with an outward angle at costa,
then straight across wing, darkened at veins, succeeded by a pale space of
equal width. Subterminal space dusky, often traversed midway by a row
of darker dots on veins; marginal line on both wings brownish, fine and
distinct. Fringes dusky. Hind wings dusky white, without markings, a
- shade darker toward margin. Discal dots when present minute dark brown
or black, often entirely lacking. Beneath soiled white, the extra-discal
line is reprodnced, and crosses half way from costa on fore wings, and the
pale space succeeding it above is often sharply defined by a darkening of
the wing subterminally, heavier at apex, fading out half way across. An
apparent continuation of the extra-discai line across hind wings, curved,
parallel to margin, is found in a row of diffuse dots on veins, sometimes
wanting; otherwise without markings, discal dots faint. Body beneath and
legs dirty white, sprinkled with dark gray and brown scales, heavily on
front pair, the others lighter. Tarsi banded with dark brown. Abdomen
beneath silvery white.

Types.— ¢ and ¢. Coll. R. F. Pearsall, the ¢ from Doble, Cal.,
the 2 from Walter’s Station, Cal., in April.

Co-types.—Coll. Dr. Wm. Barnes, of Decatur, Ills., and of Dr. Jno.
B. Smith, New Brunswick, N. J.

I am indebted to Dr. Jno. B. Smith for my types, and for other
valuable material from Southern Calif., and to Dr. Barnes for examples
from Palo Alto and Middle Calif. ‘Two males, so marked, are smaller, a
clearer gray, with lines more distinct than southern examples.

Talledega tabulata was described by Dr. Hulst from a male labelled
Alert Id., Alaska. An examination proves it to possess a hair pencil on
hind tibia. This makes it a Lobophora, and it is the same, I think, with

120 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

western examples passing under that name. ‘These I have through the
kindness of Dr. Barnes, from Cartwright, Man.; Victoria, B. C.; and in my
own collection from Winnipeg, Man. It varies but little from its eastern
congener, yet, without a larger series, I would not venture to form at
present ap opinion as to its rank. I place it, therefore, in the following
group, as arranged :

Lobophora inequaliata, Pack. (European. )
Talledega montanata, Pack.
Talledega montanata, Pack. var. magnoliatoidata, Dyar.
Lobophora nivigerata, Walk.
% tabulata, Hulst. Lobophora tabulata, Hulst.
Philopsia nivigerata, Walk. — Philopsia canavestita, Pearsall.

THE BURROWS. OF CICINDELA ‘RUGIFRONS AND
CICINDELA MODESTA.

BY WM. T. DAVIS. STATEN ISLAND, N. Y.

On the 24th of last September Mr. Ernest Shoemaker and I went

insect-collecting along the edge of the meadow on the south side of Long |

Island, not far from the Brooklyn City line. We were searching particu-
larly for Czc’nde/as, but, the day being rather cold, we did not see as many
as we had expected.

While looking about on one of the dunes I noticed a Cicindela
rugifrons disappear into a little hole. He saw me coming and retreated,
for he had been looking out of his doorway. I dug the Cicindela out,
and then looked about for other little holes of the same character, of which
I found a number. They entered the earth at an angle of about 45
degrees, and were two or three inches deep. They had been made by
the insects digging into the earth, and little piles of sand were at each
doorway. I dug open a number of these burrows and found seven
Cicindelas—some rugifrons and some modesta. Mr. Shoemaker also
secured a number of specimens in the same way.

When we returned to the dune later in the day there were no
Cicindelas flying, and the only specimens we saw were those we dug out
of their burrows, always being guided thereto by the tell-tale little heaps
of sand. ‘he soil on this particular dune was more compact than is often
the case, and the digging operations of the insects were in consequence
easier to follow. JA/odesta and rugifrons live over winter as adults, and
so, perforce, must be able to dig into the sand, only on previous occasions
we had not found their little burrows, which in the instance mentioned
above, seem to have been of the nature of temporary shelters,

ye ee ee Cee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Ze

NEW AMERICAN TINEINA.
BY AUGUST BUSCK, U. S. NAT. MUS., WASHINGTON, D. C.

The following seven species of Zime‘na were part of a large and
well-preserved collection of A/icrolepidoptera, recently received for deter-

mination from Wr. Henry Engel, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, who has
presented the types, together with many other specimens of other species,
to the U. S. Nationai Museum.

Five of the following species have previously been collected
around Washington, D. C., by the writer.

Anacampsis nonstrigella, new species.—Antenne black, with silvery-
white annulations. Labial palpi bright deep ochreous, tips of terminal
joints slightly shaded with black. Eyes dark red. Face white, iridescent,
gradually mixed with the darker colour of the vertex. Head and thorax
dark olive brown, iridescent. Basal two-thirds of fore wings dark olive,
apical part deep blackish brown, with a few golden-brown scales just
before apex. Hind wings dark purplish fuscous, with dorsal cilia white.
Abdomen above dark purplish brown, with each joint tipped with silvery-
white, the entire body below shining straw yellow. Legs straw-coloured,
with broad black bars on the exterior side.

Alar expanse, 15 mm.
Habitat: Oak Station, Pennsylvania, July. U.S. Nat. Mus. Type
No. 9792.

This species is nearest to Anacampsis tristrigedla, Walsingham, and
very similar to it in size and colour, but is devoid of all the prominent
white apical lines characteristic of that species.

Trichotaphe Washingtoniella, new species.—Antenne serrate, deep
blackish brown, without lighter annulations. _ Labial palpi with smoothly
appressed thickening of the second joint, blackish brown, colour on the
inner side of second joint and on the terminal joint slightly mixed with
ochreous. Head and thorax dark purplish brown, face a shade lighter.
Fore wings dark purplish brown ; on the fold are two connected, round,
velvety black blotches, the outer one extending up in the middle of the
wing, and containing a few ochreous scales. At the end of the cell is a
somewhat larger aggregation of ochreous scales, forming two small
indistinct moon-shaped spots, separated and partly surrounded by velvety
black scales. Just before apex is a transverse velvety black fascia,

outwardly nearly straight and parallel with the edge of the wing, inwardly
April, 1906, s ;

122 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

sharply angulate, the point indistinctly connected by black scales with
the second discal spot. At the base of the apical cilia is a velvety black
line. Cilia concolorous with the wing. Hind wing light fuscous, darkest
towards the tip. Abdomen and legs dark purplish fuscous, tips of each
tarsal joint ochreous.

Alar expanse, 16 mm.

ffabitat: District of Columbia ; Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, June; St.
Louis, Missouri, August. U.S. Nat. Mus. Type No. 9793.

The larva feeds in a narrow fold on the edge of the leaf of Eupatoria,
sp., and pupates in a similar fold.

The species is nearest Z: junctdel/a, Clemens, but larger, more
broad-winged, and at once distinguished by the dark labial palpi. In this
respect it resembles Z. Levised/a, Fyles, which is also quite near, but
Levisella is a still larger species, with pointed wings, while the present has
apex evenly rounded as in juncidella.

Trichotaphe trinotella, new species.—Antenne dark purple, without
colour-annulations. Labial palpi light ochreous. Face ochreous. Head
and thorax dark brown. Fore wings dark brown, with three prominent
light ochreous dots, one on the middle of the wing, another smaller one
just below it on the fold, and the third and largest at the end of the cell.
At the beginning of the costal cilia are a few ochreous scales. Hind
wings dark fuscous, cilia a shade lighter. Abdomen dark bronzy fuscous
above, under side fuscous, sprinkled with ochreous. Legs blackish
externally, each joint of tarsi and the spurs tipped with ochreous.

Alar expanse, 15 mm.

Habitat: Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, May. U. 5. Nat. Mus. ‘Type
No. 9794.

Quite close to 7. juncidella, Clemens, and to TZ: deuconotel/a, Busck,
but easily distinguished by the ornamentation.

Gelechia fondella, new species.—Antenne dingy ochreous, with
black annulations. Labial palpi whitish ochreous, sprinkled with black.
Face, head and thorax whitish ochreous. Fore wings whitish ochreous,
with each scale darker at the tip, and with a faint roseate tinge. Two large
conspicuous black costal spots, one at basal third outwardly oblique, and
the other at apical third inwardly oblique, both reaching the middle of
the wing. Extreme apical part of wing dusted with black. Hind wings
light ochreous fuscous. Legs whitish ochreous, with black bars and spots
on the exterior side,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIBT. 12

Alar expanse, 13-14 mm.

Flabitat : Plummer’s Island, Maryland; Pittsburg, Pennsylvania ;
June. U.S. Nat. Mus. Type No. 9795.

Nearest in general habitus and coloration to the group of G.
medtofusceWa, Clemens ; Pennsylvanica, Dietz, etc., but quite distinct in
design.

Mompha stellella, new species.—Antenre unicoloured, dark brown.
Labial paipi whitish ochreous, sprinkled with black scales, and with a
black annulation just before the tip of terminal joint. Face silvery white.
Head and thorax light ochreous. Fore wings light ochreous, mottled
with brown and black scales, costal edge evenly mottled with black, and
entire apical part of the wing sprinkled with sparse black scales, two
oblique, ill-defined and indistinct shades of light brown stretch across the
wing, one from the base, the other from the middle of costa. There are
six tufts of raised ochreous scales in two longitudinal rows, one through
the middle of the wing, the other below the fold. The central of the
latter tufts, which is found just before the tornus, is the largest of them,
and is terminated by and followed by intense black scales, the most con-
spicuous marking on the rather evenly mottled wing Abdomen ochreous,
Legs ochreous, mottled with black.

Alar expanse, 11-12 mm.

Alabitat : Pennsylvania, District of Columbia, August. U. S. Nat.
Mus. Type No. 9796.

The larva feed in the base of the flowers of Evening Primrose
(Oenothera, sp.). The insect has long been in the Museum collection, and
was passed upon already in 1886 by Lord Walsingham as Laverna,
n. sp.

It is nearest and quite similar to the other Oenothera-feeder, Mompha
brevivittella, Clemens, but Jacks the Icngitudinal black streaks on the
fore wings, and is at once recognized by the black tornal patch.

Mompha Engelella, new species.—Antenne dark purplish brown,
with silvery-white tips. Labial palpi golden yellow, tip of terminal joint
shaded with purple. Face, head and thorax dark purplish brown,
iridescent. Basal part of fore wings concolorous with thorax, and limited
outwardly by a narrow oblique fascia of bluish metallic scales, beginning
just before the middle of costa, and reaching the dorsal edge at basal
_ third. Apical fourth of the wing is of this same dark purple colour, and

the intervening middle part of the wing is bright golden. On _ this

124 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

metallic golden part are four spots of raised scales, one large, black on
the fold at the middle of the wing, another smaller one above it in the cell
is white, edged with black, and at the end of the cell are two more or less
confluent spots of iridescent bluish scales edged with black. Between the
yellow central part of the wing and the dark apical part.is a small
triangular silvery-white spot. Hind wings dark purplish brown.
Abdomen. dark brown above, silvery white on the under side. Legs
purplish brown, with the tips of the spurs and of the tarsal joints white.

Alar expanse, g-1o mm.

Habitat : Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, May; District of Columbia, June.
U.S. Nat. Mus. Type No. 9797.

It gives me pleasure to name this exquisite little insect in honour of
Mr. Henry Engel.

The species belong to the group of small metallic AZompha, which
contains Schranckella, Hiibner, and ¢erminel/a, Westwood, of Europe, and
is, in fact, very nearly identical in coloration with the latter.

Rebel retains in his Cat. Eur. Lepid. the separate genus Psacaphora
for these two species, but does not include the other metallic species as
Raschiella, Ze\lar. The more logical way is to retain them all in Zompha,
as does Meyrick in his Handbook British Lepid., though eventually this
genus may profitably be divided into two groups, the one repre-
sented by these small metallic species with smooth palpi and legs, the
other to include the dull-coloured species with more or less shaggy palpi
and legs.

Epermenia imperialella, new species. — Antenne ciliated, dark
fuscous ; basal joint reddish, with pecten. Labial palpi reddish ochreous,
shaded with black exteriorly. Face, head and thorax ochreous. Fore
wings light yellow, overlaid on costal and apical part with reddish
ochreous. On the middle of the wing is an ill-defined broad oblique
darker grayish ochreous fascia, widest at the costal edge, gradually
narrowing to the dorsal edge, which it reaches at basal third ; it is there
continued into a dark ochreous dorsa! scale tuft. The reddish coloration
increases in intensity towards apex. Cilia just below apex short, then
suddenly very long, giving the wing the appearance of being falcate.
Cilia reddish ochreous, with a marginal black line below and around
apex, and with a white space outside this line, just below apex. Hind
wings dark bronzy fuscous ; cilia ochreous. Abdomen ochreous, Legs

reddish.

Te di

a

Olt eS

pais iy

a |

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 125

Alar expanse, 19 mm.

flabitat : Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, June. U.S. Nat. Mus, Type
No. 9798.

This is by far the Jargest and most conspicuous species of the genus
known to me, totally unlike the other American species described at
present, nearest to &. //digered/a, Hubner, of Europe, but larger and more
striking than that species. It has a notable colour resemblance to Graci-
laria Murtfeldtella, Busck.

THE TYPE OF THE GENUS COCCUS.
BY MRS. M. E. FERNALD, AMHERST, MASS.

In the CanapilAN ENTOMOLOGIST, Vol. xxxiv, page 232 (1902), I
gave the reasons for adopting hesperidum as the type of Coccws, which
adoption caused such radical changes in the classification of the Coccide
that I am free to say I hesitated to make them in my Catalogue of the
Coccidz of the World, published in 1903. The main difficulty was to give
a proper interpretation to the action of Geoffroy, in his Histoire Abrégée
des Insectes, Vol. I (1762), where he removed a part of the Linnzan
species from Coccus, and placed them in the genus Chermes, thus using
this genus in a different sense from that of Linnzeus, the original founder,
and placing adonidum, phalaridis and his new species z/mi under Coccus.
Of these three species only Ahal/aridis was given by Linneus under
the genus Coccus, in his Systema Nature, ed. x (1758), and no one has
ever been able to positively identify this insect. Linnzeus himself was not
able to determine whether it was a Coccus, an Aphis or a Chermes.
Under these circumstances, it did not seem wise to make use of the restric.
tion of Geoffroy, but I adopted the type established in the next oldest
work known to me at that time, which was esperidum, fixed as the type
of Coccus by Latreille in his Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins., Vol. iil, page 267
(1802).

Mr, G. W. Kirkaldy, who has given us some exceedingly valuable
Biographical and Nomenclatural Notes on the Hemiptera in “The
Entomologist,” Vol. xxxvii, p. 254 (1904), objects to the use of hesper-
idum as the type of Coccus, and states that he cannot find that the type of
Coccus has ever been fixed, or that any species but the true Linnean cacti
is available.

I have now before me a copy of Sulzer’s Die Kennzeichen der

Insekten, published in 1761. In this work Sulzer gives, for those times, a
April, 1906,

126 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

remarkably good account of the genus Coccus, and establishes hesperidum
as the type, it being the only species named, giving coloured illustrations
of this species on Plate xu, figs. 81, 1-0, with coloured figures of the
upper and under side of the female, natural size and enlarged; the
under side of a mature female, enlarged, showing the eggs ; a male and
female mating, enlarged, and a twig of an orange tree with the females on
the leaves. I cannot find that any work appeared between 1758, when
Linneeus published his genus Coccws, and 1761, when Sulzer established
the type of Coccus as hesperidum, that would in any way affect the type of
this genus. As-this work of Sulzer antedates that of Geoffroy by one
year, 1 think that esperidum, Linn., must be regarded as the type of
Coccus, according to Article 30, of the International Rules of Zoological
Nomenclature (1905).

Iam greatly obliged to Mr. Kirkaldy for calling my attention to
errors and omissions in my Catalogue of the Coccid, and these will be
noted in a Supplement which will be published later.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO.
BritisH COLUMBIA BRANCH.

The Fifth Annual Meeting was held at the Queen’s School, Van-
couver, on Friday, January 19th, 1906.

Present: Messrs. Dashwood-Jones, Bush, Sherman, Harvey, Marrion,
Towler, Draper, and Foster.

The minutes of the last meeting were read and passed, also the
balance sheet, showing a balance of.4oc. cash, and supplies valued at
$15.10.

Messrs. J. Anderson (Victoria) and Fred Foster (Vancouver) were
elected members of the Society.

It was suggested that the spring meeting should be held at Duncan’s,
if possible, on or about April 17th.

The retiring officers for 1905 were re-elected for the ensuing year,
viz: President, Rev. G. W. Taylor; Vice-President, Mr. T. Wilson ;
Secretary-Treasurer, Mr. R. V. Harvey.

The Secretary announced that he had approached the Department
of Agriculture with a view to obtaining assistance towards printing a

small periodical giving an account of the proceedings and work of the
Society, new records, lists of B. C. insects, and articles on systematic
and economic entomology. Tle read a letter from Mr. Tatlow, promising
definite assistance.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 127

The meeting expressed entire approval of the scheme, and a resolu-
tion was passed, proposed by Mr. Dashwood-Jones, seconded by Mr.

Sherman, ‘‘ That the offer of Mr. Tatlow be accepted, with the thanks of
the Society, and that a committee be appointed, consisting of the
President and Secretary, to arrange for the publication of a pamphlet, in
such form and at such times as they may think best, and they are hereby
empowered to act in the matter.”

Further suggestions were made, ¢. g., that the paper be called the
“ Bulletin of the B. C. Entomological Society,” and that space be given in
each issue to articles of interest to the fruit-growers of the Province.

Mr. Dashwood-Jones showed some very interesting specimens of
Lepidoptera from St. Leon Hot Springs, Kootenay Lake, identified by
Dr. Fletcher, including Lycena lygdamus (new to B. C.), Basilarchia
arthemis (new to B. C.), B. disippus (rare), Erebus odora (rare), Sthenopis
quadriguttatus (new to B. C.), Catocala briseis, Phengommatea Edward-
sata, and others.

ToroNTO BRANCH.

The Toronto Branch of the Entomological Society meets in the
Provincial Museum on the 3rd Tuesday of each month. The last
meeting was devoted to an exhibition of specimens, and proved most
interesting.

Mr. Hahn showed a collection of very beautiful butterflies from
India, arranged mostly trom an artistic and decorative standpoint. Some
from the Fiji Islands were donated to the Society.

Mr. Elliott showed a section of a tree-trunk which had been tunnelled
by the larvee of wood-boring beetles, genus Monohammus. The tunnels
had subsequently been utilized as a nursery by Afegachile brevis, a leaf-
cutting bee belonging to the family Andrenide. This bee had constructed
its nursery-cells of rose-leaves.

Mr. Elliott also showed a larva of a moth found in New Zealand,
which had become a fungus. ‘The larva, on going into the ground to
pupate, is attacked by a parasitic fungus which takes root in the body, and
sends a shoot about nine inches long above ground. When the whole
thing is converted into a fungus the natives use it as a food.

A pupa-case of Vanessa antiopa, taken in the fall, was shown. A
number of small parasites were emerging.

128 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Dr. Brodie showed a number of cases belonging to the museum,
containing specimens of Cicindelidw, Cerambycide and Chrysomelide,
including all species of these families found in the neighbourhood of
Toronto,

Prof. Sherman, from Guelph, was present, and gave a short talk on
the work being done at the Agricultural College. A general discussion
followed on methods of preserving specimens, and the need of good,
well-represented collections. ELstE BLACKMORE, Secy.

GUELPH BRANCH.

The seventh regular meeting of the Guelph Branch was held in the
Agricultural College on Wednesday evening, Feb. 7th, 1906, with 14
members and three visitors in attendance.

Prof. Sherman gave a very interesting talk on the Tiger Beetles
(Cicindelide). He showed clearly by illustration how they are dis-
tinguished from closely-allied insects, such as the Ground Beetles, ete.
He also described very minutely their habits and life-histories, and
exhibited a large number of specimens collected from Ontario ard foreign
countries. Only 11 species have been recorded in Ontario,

Mr. T. J. Moore presented notes on a large green species of Cock-
roach. The specimen was found in a crate of oranges imported from
California.

Mr. H. R. Macmillan made a very careful review of the current
literature.

The eighth regular meeting was held in the College on Wednesday
evening, Feb. 21st, 1906, with rr members in attendance.

Mr. Hart discussed trap lanterns. He exhibited and illustrated
several types of lanterns, and enumerated the various kinds of insects
attracted by light. The experiments conducted at Cornell University and
the Agricultural College, Guelph, were carefully reviewed.

Mr. T. D. Jarvis exhibited and described an apparatus he had made
for catching small Arthropods ; it is a modification of the one invented by
Dr. Berlese, of Italy. It has given excellent results.

Mr. G. E. Sanders discussed beneficial parasitic insects, of which he
has made some very careful observations, and he presented some interest-
ing work at the meeting. ‘Tennyson D. JARVIS, Secretary,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 129

NOTES ON CULEX SQUAMIGER, COQ., WITH DESCRIPTION
OF A CLOSELY-ALLIED SPECIES.
BY JOHN A. GROSSBECK, NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J.

In a recent number of this journal* Mr. Quayle gives some notes on
the habits of the Californian Culex sguamiger, Cog., and compares these
briefly with those of a species occurring in New Jersey which we have
been calling sgzamiger (following a determination by Mr. Coquillett), and
suggests the possibility of there being two forms. The identification of
our species with the Californian one has been doubted by Prof. Smith and
myself since we learned of the salt-water habit of the latter ; but not
until Mr. Quayle pointed out the difference in the length of tracheal gills
of the larva was a close comparison of the species made. This I was
able to do through the kindness of Mr. Quayle, who some time ago sent
Prof. Smith, among other specimens, a male and female sywamiger, and
also several larvee supposed to be of this species. The larva, it turns
out, cannot be differentiated from Cu/ex Curriei, which species I believe
them to be. Should they, however, eventually prove to be the true
sguamiger, then some of the characters are greatly at variance with our
species.

The adult New Jersey form may be characterized as follows :

Culex sylvicola, n. sp.— 2. Length, 6-7 mm. Head brown, occiput
clothed with whitish scales and a patch of brown ones on each side of the
median line contiguous to the eyes ; antennze brown, the basal joint and
two following ones ochreous ; proboscis and palpi blackish-brown, slightly
sprinkled with white scales, the latter with the third joint rather long, the
apical one minute, rounded, white scaled. The dorsum of the mesonotum
is covered with cinereous scales, and a broad, median, dark brown vitta
extends forward from the posterior margin, which becomes narrow
anteriorly and golden-brown in colour; two other dark brown marks
“extend from the posterior margin not quite to the middle of the
mesonotum, separated from the median vitta by a narrow line ; scutellum
cinereous, with brown bristles on the posterior margin; metanotum evenly
brown ; pleura brown, with dense, fluffy patches of whitish scales ;
haiteres yellowish, tipped with brown and white. Abdomen _blackish-
brown above, with a few whitish scales intermixed ; segments one to five
have each a broad yellowish white band at the base, segments six and
seven with an additional narrow apical band ; beneath it is dirty white,

*CAN. ENT., Vol. XXXVIIT; p. 27.

April, 1906,

130 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

with a few brown scales ; genitalia brown. Legs dark brown, femora and
tibizw profusely sprinkled with whitish scales, the former yellowish on the
posterior portion and at the knees ; claws uniserrated ; wings hyaline, the
veins covered with broad brown and white scales, and also some narrow
brown ones on the apical third, petiole of first submarginal cell almost
two-thirds the length of this cell.

6 .-—Palpi dark brown, the first joint whitish at the base, and with a
yellow band in the centre ; bases of the two terminal joints also whitish in
some specimens ; fan-like tufts brown, with yellow reflections. Abdomen
with the bands restricted in the centre ; claws uniserrated ; petiole of first
submarginal cell almost as long as this cell.

Genitalia: Clasp elongate, inner margin rounded apically; sub-
apical lobe present, prominent, projecting laterally, setose ; basal lobe
well developed, setose, a long spine arising near it, which is curved at the
tip ; clasp filament long, curved, two smal! sete near the apex, with long
apical spine. Harpe jointed, basal segment curved, swollen basally ;
apical segment long, dilated centrally, tip curved. Harpago hood-
shaped, tip bent laterally. Appendage of eighth segment with long
setee. (Fig. 11.) .

Se

> | |
a ay aeige G a | vicolda
fig. 11.—Genitalia of Culex squamiger and sylvicola,

Besides the great differences in the genitalia, sy/vico/a may be further
distinguished from sgwamzger by the presence of the cinereous scales on
the mesonotum ; by the proboscis being uniformly almost black instead
of pale brown, and by the much darker colour of the femora and tibie,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 131

Described from 21 males and 20 females in the New Jersey
Experiment Station collection.

Habitat : Livingston Park (near New Brunswick), N. J., and West-
ville, N. J.

This species was first taken in New Jersey, near Paterson, in April,
1903, in the larval condition ; but no adults were bred therefrom. In
the following spring they were again met with in Livingston Park, and in
the season of 1g05 they were secured from this locality in some numbers.
They were found full-grown as early as April 28th--indicating an egg
hibernation—and the last were taken not later than May 17th, though
frequent subsequent collections were made. No larve were ever taken in
any but fresh water, woodland pools ; and adults were never seen outside
their immediate breeding grounds. After emergence they continue on the
wing for a period of about three months, becoming more and more worn
as the season advances.

An account of the life-history of this species as far as known, and a
description of both larva and adult, is given by Prof. Smith in his “Report
on Mosquitoes ” (N. J. State Exper. Sta., 1903-’04), and also a description
of the larva in Psyche, Vol. XII, p. 13.

A description of the genitalia of C. sguamiger is here appended for
comparison with C. sy/vicola (Fig. 11): Clasp elongate, margins sub-
parallel almost to apex, inner margin rounding abruptly toward apex ;
subapical lobe setose ; basal lobe well developed, setose, a long spine
recurved at the tip arising near it, ancther stout spine a short distance

above this ; clasp filament long, curved, four small sete near the apex,
with long apical spine. Harpe jointed, basal segment comparatively short,
apical segment short, dilated centrally, tip slightly curved. Harpago
hood-shaped, tip bent lateraily. Appendage of eighth segment with short
sete.

THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE OF STF. LOUIS.

This institution, founded in 1856, celebrated its first jubilee by a
dinner on Saturday evening, March roth. About 200 persons were
present, including a number of representatives of societies at a distance.
The Entomological Society of Ontario was well represented by one of its
ex-presidents, Prof. Lochhead, of Guelph, who conveyed the cordial
greetings of this Society to the members of the Academy. In com-
memoration of the interesting event a handsome bronze medal has been
prepared, having on the obverse a portrait of George Engelmann, the
first president. The Curator desires to express his hearty thanks for the
one presented to our Society.

132 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

MOSQUITO NOTES.—No. 4. (Continued.)

BY C."S:) LUDEOW.. M-nSG:;
Laboratory of the Office of the Surgeon-General, U. S. Army, Washington, D. C.

The ‘confusion worse confounded” in which the mosquitoes of
America are at present enveloped may be illustrated by the two following
instances :

In the August number, CANADIAN ENToMmOLoGisT (1904) I described
a mosquito from Benecia, Cal, as Grabhamia de Netdmannit, and, some
time afterward, received a note from Mr. Coquillett, stating he believed it
to be his Cudex sguamiger (originally published as Zeniorhynchus). As
the insect did not belong to Cu/ex, as restricted by Theobald, and I had
not seen Mr. Coquillett’s description, I let the matter rest till I should
have further information. Now, for some time, I have been practically
convinced that Mr. Coquillett was correct, and that Grabhamia de
Neidmannii must sink as a synonym of his sguamiger, the genus of which
seems, however, to be still undetermined, Mr. Coquillett now referring it
to Culex, Dr. Dyar to Grabhamia, and Dr. Felt to Cudicida.

In June, 1905, in this magazine I described another mosquito (from
the Sierra Nevada Mts.) as Zeniorhynchus Sierrensis, the description
being made from several very imperfect specimens. During the fall of
1905 some specimens in good condition were received, and to my as-
tonishment I found that, partly from an error in transcribing my original
notes, partly from the poor condition of the specimens, not only had a
gross error in the description of the tarsi arisen, but that the scales of the
scutellum, which are long, very broadly spatulate, and only slightly curved,
with a few slender curved scales, apparently mostly at the base of the
scutellum, carried it out of Zentorhynchus. The description as to colours,
etc , as now corrected, makes it more than probable that it is Coquillett’s
varipalpus, but if this be so, it is in any case not a Culex, nor a
Teniorhynchus, but probably hes near Azz/aya.

The following is apparently a new mosquito, being one of the very
few in the U. S. having light apical abdominal markings :

Culex Frick, n. sp.—Female: Head covered with pale ochraceous,
almost white scales, long curved ones, heavily intermingled with dark
brown forked scales on the occiput and vertex, flat lateral scales, light
around the eyes, with a few dark bristles projecting forward ; antenne
brown, verticels and pubescence brown, first joint with a few light scales,

basal joint covered with ‘‘frost” and a few white scales ; palpi dark brown,
April, 1906, F

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. tac

distal joint small; proboscis brown; clypeus brown, with ‘frost’ ; eyes
dark brown.

Thorax brown ; prothoracic lobes covered with pale ochraceous scales
and dark brown bristles; mesonotum with narrow curved dark brown
scales, a golden-brown in some lights, a few pale ochraceous ones hardly
forming a line on the lateral margins and an arch of them surrounding the
“bare space,” two submedian bare lines from cephalic end nearly to ‘‘bare
space” covered with “frost,” so that they seem like two very fine but
distinct white lines ; scutellum brown, with pale ochraceous curved scales
and large brown bristles ; pleura covered with white ‘‘frost” and having a
couple of large bunches of white, flat spatulate scales ; metanotum brown.

Abdomen brown, covered with rather broad flat scales, tending to
iridescence, narrow white apical bands, and white apical lateral spots con-
tinuous with the scaling of the venter, which is white ; white apical hairs.
On the last segment the apical band becomes much diminished on the
median line, possibly sometimes broken so as to form two spots.

Legs as a whole brown ; coxee and trochanters light and nearly naked,
but showing the white “frost” ; femora light at base and on ventral aspect,
a small light knee-spot minutely involving both sides of the joint; tibia
brown, a minute apical light spot involving both sides of the joint,
remainder of tarsi all brown ; all ungues small, equal, and simple.

The colouing as a whole is dark, but the scales are very sensitive to
the position of the light, and on the legs it is almost impossible to deter-
mine if there be a very narrow light line on the ventral aspect of the tibia
or not, for in some lights it is not apparent, and in others it appears
present. The mesothorax shows the same trait, in that the tips of the
scales become golden-brown, and are thus very misleading.

Wings clear ; scales brown, slender, covering the distal half of wing
rather heavily; cells vary somewhat in the two wings, first submarginal
about a third longer and nearly the same width as second posterior, the
stem of the former about a fourth the length of its cell, of the latter a little
more than half the cell’s length; supernumerary and mid about the same
length and meet, posterior cross-vein slightly shorter and three times its
length distant. Halteres light, a few brown scales on the distal parts of
stem.

Length,4mm. JHabitat, Fort Snelling, Minn. Taken Oct. t.

Collected and sent by Major E. B. Frick, Surg. U.S. Army, after
whom it is named.

134 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

It lies very near ¢erritans, but differs in general colouring, in the
‘frosty ” sub-median lines on the mesonotum, the light scales around the
“bare space,” light scales on the scutellum, the much better de-
veloped apical abdominal bands, white bases and venter of femora, and
the minute spot at apex of tibia.

In the Entomological News, Nov., 1905, Prof. Glenn W. Herrick,
Agricultural College, Miss., published some *notes on a Megarhinus, de-
scribing and figuring the larva, and making mention of some character-
istics of the three adults which he reared from the larve. Prof. Herrick’s
specimens were referred to JZ. Portoricensis, Theob., but they differ from
this species (1) in the Jength of a palpal joint, usually a stable feature,
Theobald’s having the penultimate as long as the ultimate, and Herrick’s
having the penultimate only half as long as the ultimate; (2) in the colour of
the head, Theobald’s being brown, and Herrick’s specimens “bluish-green,
(iridescent) ; (3) in the tarsal banding, Theobald’s species having the
penultimate joint of the hind legs “white, except a small dark dasad spot,”
and the same joint in Herrick’s specimens being “white, except a black
ring at the @staZ ends.” As these differences seem specific, I was about
to give here a full description of the insect, and to propose that it should
be named in honour of the discoverer, but since my MS. was sent in for
publication I have learnt that Mr. Theobald is describing and naming it,
and therefore I refrain from doing so.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

The Curator begs to acknowledge with grateful thanks the gift to the
Society’s collections of 24 specimens, representing 11 species, of Lepi-
doptera by Mr. Henry 5S. Saunders, of Toronto.

Also a box of Coleoptera from Mr. Norman Criddle, of Aweme,
Manitoba, containing 120 specimens, representing 64 species, many not
previously recorded in Canada, and all new to our collections.

Hearty thanks are due also to Mr. Henry H. Lyman, of Montreal,
for photographs of the late Messrs. George J. Bowles and F. B. Caulfield,
who were active and zealous members of the Montreal Branch in years
gone by. These portraits were only procured by Mr. Lyman after
considerable trouble and search. Further additions to the Society’s
albums will be very welcome.

* “Notes on Some Mississippi Mosquitoes,”

Fee ee eee et ee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 135

CATALOGUE OF THE GENERA OF THE HEMIPTEROUS
FAMILY APHIDAt.—SuPPpLEMENT.
BY G. W. KIRKALDY, HONOLULU.

My friend, Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, has indicated some omissions in
the above Catalogue, which I have verified. Those marked * are not
recorded in the ‘“* Zoological Record,” and I had not seen the works till
Prof. Cockerell called my attention to them. |

Genus 1.—JJacrosiphum.
191. Cowen?, Hunter, 1901, Bull. Iowa Agr. Sta., 60, p. 114.
[n. n. for || avtemisie, Cowen, No. 2.|
Gen. 10.—A7yzus.
192. fragefoltit, Cockerell, t901, Canad. ENtT., XXXIII, ror.
ga. Veomextcanus, W. P. and TF.) A. Ceckerell, 1. c., 227.
nanereroaiate, Sanderson, |..¢., 72, Pl. 3, fig. ro} text fig. 5.
*195. porosus, Sanderson, 1900, Twelfth Rep. Delaware Agr. Sta., pp.
205-6 ; fig. ro, p. IQr.
Gen. 13.—Afpiis.
*196. brevis, Sanderson, rgot, Thirteenth Rep. Delaware Agr. Sta., pp.
129, 157-158, figs. 26 and 27.
*197. Fitchii, Sanderson, |. c., pp. 128, 137-149, figs. 15-21.
: Gen. 47.—Byrsocrypta.
198. Coweni (P.), Cockerell, 1905, Can. Ent, XXXVII, 392.
I have also omitted a new var. of AZacrosiphum artemisia, viz. :
199. citrinum, Schouteden, rgor, Ann. S. E. Belg., XLV, 117.

Prof. Cockerell writes that in his table in Psyche, 1903, p. 218,
Tychea Jasii and pallidula are transposed, though the detailed descriptions
are correct.

N. B.—Aphis alamedensis (No. 53) is spelt alemedensis on p. 251 in
the detailed description, and so spelt in the * Zoological Record” ; in the
table (p. 249) it is ‘‘ Alamedensis.” Cryptosiphum nerit (No. 108) is a
synonym of Ayzus asclepiadis.

Lachnus viridescens (described as var. of picetcola) is recorded incor-
rectly in the “ Bericht der Entoin., under Chermes.

ERRATA.—Page 47, line 13, for ‘these species” read “three species.”
Page ror, lines 24 and 28, for “Aupithecita multiscripta, Huist,” read

“Eupithecia multistrigata, Hulst.”
April, 1906.

136 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

A NEW ROACH FROM THE PHILIPPINES:

BY A. N. CAUDELL, WASHINGTON, D.C.

Salganea humeralis, new species.—Size medium. General colour
black, the under surface of the legs and of the body, except the last
abdominal segment, or subgenital plate, and the mouth, except the
mandibles, and also the vertex, reddish. The base of the elytra in the anal
field is also tinted with reddish. Antenne dark, hairy. Wings and elytra
mostly missing. Anterior femora unarmed. Pronotum very slightly
notched anteriorly, the disk with the usual irregular V-shaped depression
and unequal elevations, but not distinctly tuberculate, the entire surface
punctate. Base of the elytra smooth in the anal field, the costal field
densely and coarsely punctate. Abdomen punctured, finer below along
the median line, the segments transversely sulcate anteriorly above, more
profoundly so towards the sides of the last three ; seventh segment laterally
irregularly crenulate, the latero-posterior angles divergent. Supra-anal
plate rugulosely punctate, the posterior margin dully serrate ; subgenital
plate marked as the supra-anal plate, posteriorly emarginate. Cerci short,
triangular, hairy, reddish in colour.

Length, 30 mm. ; pronotum, 7.5 mm.; width, pronotum, 11 mm. ;
abdomen, 14 mm.

Type No. 9812, U.S.N.M.

One female, one nymph, received from C.S. Banks, of Manilla, P.L.;
no definite locality given.

This species seems to be the most nearly allied to Salganea rugulata
of Saussure. but is decidedly larger than that species. The organs of
flight are much mutilated, as is so often the case with members of this
genus, as well as Panesthia, and probably other related genera. The elytra
and wings are apparently chewed off, and so uniformly as to appear like a
short-winged form, if not carefully examined. Of the three species of
Salganea and Panesthia examined by me, more than one half of the speci-
mens are thus mutilated. I can assign no plausible cause for the
phenomenon.

The nymph is reddish yellow, lighter below, except towards the tip of
the abdomen. ‘The puncttires of the surface are not so deep nor distinct
as in the adult.

April, 1906,

wr eae eee

delta

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ey!

PRACTICAL AND POPULAR EN FrOMOLOGY.--No. 12.
WINTER RETREATS OF INSECTS.
BY REV. THOMAS W. FYLES, LEVIS, QUEBEC.

Occasionally, after a mild day or two in winter, we see a newspaper
paragraph headed ‘** Remarkable Appearance of a Butterfly.” From the
tone of the article we usually judge that the writer had been lost in
astonishment, at what he regarded as a strange phenomenon. ‘This short
paper will rob such appearances of their mystery.

Many insects pass the winter in the egg-stage, such as Orgyza antigua,
Linneus, and Orgyia leucostigma, Smith and Abbot. With such we have
not now to deal. Others pass the dreary months in (1) the Larval, (2) in
the Pupal, or (3) in the Imago stage of their existence.

(1) Of insects that pass the winter in the larval condition, those of
the beautiful butterflies J/e/itea Phaeton, Drury, and Melitea Harrisit,
Scudder, weave webs upon their food-plants, and dwell in companies.
I have found the former on Turtle Head, Chelone glabra, in bottom-lands,
in the township of Brome, and the latter on the White Aster, Diplopappus
umbellatus, in the Fort Woods at Levis. The larve go into a torpid state
after the third moult. They scatter and feed up in the spring.

Other larvze pass the winter in solitary, sullen independence. A
familiar instance of such is afforded by the bristly, black and red caterpillar
of the Isabella Tiger Moth,
Zsia Zsabella, Smith and Abbot,
(Fig. 12). This is often fourd
curled up hedge-hog fashion,
among the chips in a neglected
corner of the wood-shed ; under
the buckets piled in the sugar-
shanty ; or under loose planks
in the hay-barn, It creeps into
any convenient shelter.

In the spring the black
larvee of the Virgin Tiger Moth,
Apantesis virgo, Linneus, may
sometimes be seen crawling
from a sidewalk, under the

planking of which they had Fig 12.—Isia Isabella, a, caterpillar, 6, chrysalis.

found a winter retreat. c, moth,
April, 1906,

“7
138 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Piles of boards, loose bark, hollow trees, hay and straw stacked in

the fields, afford comfortable quarters for hibernating larvee.

In the first mild days of opening spring I have seen caterpillars of the
American Ruby Tiger. PAragmatobia fuliginosa, Linneus, walking over the

snow, to find bare spots in which Dandelion and Plantain begin to appear ;

and I have found, here and there in the woods, on early tufts of wild grass,
those of the Purple Lapwing, Crenucha Virginica, Charpentier, making up

for their long fast.

(2) But a very large proportion of the insect tribes, on the approach
of winter, undergo the pupal change.

(a) Some suspend themselves, and change to naked chrysalids.
(b) Others bury themselves in the earth.
(c) And others spin for themselves snug cocoons.

Ail of them search for suitable quarters before they undergo the
important change.

(a) A ready example of this class is afforded by the caterpillar of the
Cabbage Butterfly, Prer7s rape, Linneus. The full-fed larva of the late
brood of this species having found a fitting situation—sometimes in a
dwelling-house,—proceeds to fasten itself at its hind end, by means of a
silken attachment, to the surface on which it rests. It then deftly passes
a thread from the middle of its back to its support, and then, turning to the
other side, continues this, making a perfect loop. And so it braces itself
immediately before the actual change to the chrysalis takes place.

One bright day, in the winter of 1904-5, I noticed a fresh specimen
of the Cabbage Butterfly fluttering in a window of an upper chamber of
my house. The steady warmth of the dwelling had hastened the develop-
ment of the insect. I left it, but it probably escaped through a ventilator.
If it did so, and happened to come before a newspaper scribe in search of
an item, what an opportunity he would have had for an interesting
paragraph !

(b) Many larvee, on attaining full-growth, bury themselves in the soil,
and there undergo the pupal change. The large Hawk Moth Caterpillars
do this. ‘Take, for instance, the beautiful caterpillar of Sphinx kalmie,
Smith and Abbot, which often feeds on the Syringas and Lilacs in our
gardens. It may be known by its blue, anal horn covered with black
tubercles. This larva when full-fed, wriggles its way for some inches in

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 139

the earth, and then doubles and twists till it has formed a cyst, the wall of
which is compacted by the pressure of the larva, and by moisture exuded
from its body.

When house-plants are re-potted it sometimes happens that chrysalids
of small moths are unwittingly potted also, and taken tnto the house.

I have two specimens of the beautiful little moth Gluphisia trilineata,
Packard, which, at different times in the winter, issued from the soil
around window-plants in my home.

(c) Many insects—among them the beautiful Saturnians—on the
approach of winter, envelop themselves in wonderfully-constructed cocoons.

The large, spindle-shaped cocoons of Aftacus Cecropia, Linneus, may
often be seen, high up, on twigs of apple, maple and other trees.

If you examine one of these cocoons, you will find that it consists of
an outer case, stiff and compact, to shed moisture, and of an inner blanket-
like wrapping, soft and warm. The way of exit is guarded from intrusion
by convergent bristles.

I have some remarkable cocoons from Arizona. They are very com-
pact and hard, gray in colour, and veined with dark brown. They have
no soft blanket within—that, in a warmer climate, was unnecessary ; but
they have a wonderful prolongation of the upper part, curved over, so as
to form a pent-house to the opening beneath, evidently to shed the rain
and keep the inmate dry. The silken band that held the cocogn to the
twig proceeds from the outer extremity of this prolongation. The con-
vergent bristles, to keep out troublesome visitors, are attached regularly to
the inner surface of the cocoon, and extend but a little way within. The
magnificent Saturnian that came from these cocoons is, I understand,
Attacus splendidus, De B.

I have before me a cocoon of a Limacodes, probably Luclea guerceti,
Herrich-Schaeffer, brought from Mirand, P.Q., by Miss M. G. Johnston, a

member of the Quebec Branch. It resembles a brown bean held in place
by a few hairs. 5 . :

(3) A large number, both of Butterflies and Moths, spend the winter
in the perfect state. The hibernating butterflies belong to the genera
Vanessa and Grapta. The moths are Noctuids. Of these moths, numbers
may be found in the sugar season, drowned in the sap that has accumulated
in the buckets during the night.

140 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

A few years ago, on the night of February znd, Mr. James Barclay,
of Levis, captured a fine specimen of U/eus satyricus, Grote, as it was
flying round the station buildings of the Intercolonial Railway at Chaudiére
Junction, P. Q.

Lonely barns, deserted houses, overhanging cliffs, hollow trees, ever-
greens, etc., afford shelter to such hibernating insects ; and that any of the
sleepers should be aroused and come forth, in an unusually mild time, is
not more wonderful than that a squirrel, under similar circumstances,
should show itself. According to the popular belief, the bear even comes
forth on Candlemas Day to study the weather.

CORRESPONDENCE. A PROTEST.

Sir,—After all that has been written cf the evil of having descriptions
of new species scattered through journals of general natural history or
transactions of societies not exclusively devoted to one branch of science,
it is certainly disheartening to find in the March number of “The Ottawa
Naturalist,” a paper by the Rev. Geo, W. Taylor, describing a new species
from Ottawa of the genus which for some ten years has been standing in our
lists as Zephroclystis, Hubner, under the name of Aupithecia Youngata.

I can see very little difference between this and the description of
butterflies by Mr. Wm. H. Edwards in ‘Field and Forest,” which was so
generally condemned by entomologists. Had we no Canadian journal
devoted exclusively to entomology, it would, in my opinion, still be
deplorable, but when we have such a journal as ‘‘THE CANADIAN
ENTOMOLOGIST,” it seems inexcusable, and I trust that, for the benefit of

the science, you will republish the descriptive part of the paper in this
journal. Henry H. Lyman.

PROFESSOR JOHN B. SmiruH, of Rutgers College, New Brunswick,
New Jersey, is enjoying a three months’ leave of absence in Europe. A
postal card depicting the Bridges over ihe Arno revealed the fact that he

was recently at Florence.

: Mailed April 2nd, 1906.

\\ *

CAN, ENT., VOL. XXXVIII. PLATE |.

INCISALIA |RUS, GODT,

he wanarliay ¥ntomologist.

VoL. XXXVIITI. LONDON, MAY, 1906. No. 5

STUDIES IN. THESGENUS, INCISALIA,
BY JOHN H. COOK, ALBANY, N. Y.

The genus /zcisalia was proposed by Minot in 1872, to separate
from the unwieldy genus 7Z/ec/a those small butterflies which, on a basis
of general similarity of structure in the imago, seemed to be most inti-
mately related to Hubner’s zzphon, which stands as the type.

Ten forms referable to this genus have been described, eight of which
must tentatively be regarded as good species. The augustinus of West-
wood is now sunk as a synonym of augustus (Kirby), and the arsace of
Boisduval and Le Conte is accorded varietal distinction under Godart’s
trus. All the species are confined, as far as is known, to North America,
and with the exception of A/ossi (Hy. Edwards), hitherto reported only
from Vancouver Island, are found within the United States.

Liphon enjoys the widest distribution, being found on both sides of
the continent, and, in the east, ranging from Canada to Georgia.
Augustus is apparently confined to the northern part of the eastern half of
the continent. It is abundant in Canada, and I have taken it as far south
as Maryland. J/rus and Henrici have been confused so often that the
geographical distribution of neither is definitely determined. It may,
however, be confidently stated that the range of Hen ici is more restricted
than that of zvws. The latter occurs in Georgia according to Abbot
(whence Hlenzrici has not been reported) and is found along the Atlantic
Coast States as far north as Maine,and inland at least to Ohio and
Illinois. Lacking further definite information Dr. H. G. Dyar, in his
recent List of North American Lepidoptera,* gives as the habitat of
flenrict West Virginia only. This species has also been taken at Cincin-
nati, O. (Miss Braun), Rockland Co., N. Y. (F. E. Watson), Albany, N. Y.
(J. H. Cook), Schenectady, N. Y. (Harry Cook), and Franklin, Pa. (W.
T. Bell) { It doubtless occurs in other places, where it has been
overlooked by collectors or confounded with zrws.

*U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull., No. 52.
+Psyche, Vol. 8, p. 143 (Nov., 18097).

142 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

These four species, ziphon, augustus, Henrici and trus, constitute
the representation of the genus east of the Mississippi, and our knowledge
of their life-histories is far from complete. Since all are measurably
common on the glacial sand plain west of this city, I endeavoured to
ascertain the food plant of each (unknown, except in the case of zphon)
and to breed the larve. The study has been full of interest, and my
efforts have met with success beyond my expectation.

I.—JLneisalia Lrus.

Time of flight.—Species single brooded ; the butterfly very abundant
during May. It appears each year during the last week of April, and has »
practically disappeared by June tst, although I have taken worn indi-
viduals as late as June 2oth. Its season of greatest abundance is the end
of the second week in May.

Oviposition.—Each female produces from 12 to. 18 eggs,* which she
places singly on the opening buds (rarely on the leaves) of the food plant,
Lupinus perennis. The butterfly chooses the middle of the day for
Ovipositing, and disposes of her whole store within an hour. I have never
observed a second egg placed upon any plant, except when the butterfly
chanced to return to it after visiting another. One cannot readily
distinguish the gravid female by her flight, for it is not heavy, but rather
may be described as businesslike. She flies directly to the erect raceme,
alights without preliminary fluttering, and, after walking about for a few
seconds with wings closely appressed and motionless, selects a suitable
spot and thrusts her horny ovipositor among and beneath the hairs which
clothe the lupine. Immediately upon. extruding the egg the insect flies
away, occasionally covering a distance of twenty or thirty yards before
again ovipositing, In consequence, it often requires a sharp eye and a
lively step to follow her through the low growth. Still, it is by no means
impossible, for she never leaves the open, refusing to fly through dark
spots and turning aside to circle a tree rather than come under its shadow.
The eggs are thus scattered over a comparatively broad area, and are to
be looked for upon the racemes (usually on the calyxes) of plants exposed
during the middle of the day to the full glare of the sun.

The egg.—In all, forty-two eggs were carefully examined under the
microscope, and I have nothing to add to the descriptions already
published. However, the figures given in Scudder’s ‘Butterflies of the
Eastern United States and Canada” seem to me to be somewhat ideal or

*Edwards secured 15 eggs from a female imprisoned over plum,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 143

diagrammatic. In no instance did I find the raised reticulation and the
bosses so regular either in outline or arrangement as there depicted. I
have therefore represented in Plate 1 the micropyle (fig. 1) and a part of
the surface sculpture (fig. 2) from the region of greatest diameter. These
figures are reproduced from camera lucida drawings, and exhibit typical
characters.

Period of incubation._-A number of eggs were secured, with the
exact time of oviposition, and in each case the birth of the caterpillar was
determined to within an hour or two, except when it occurred during the
night. The average duration of this stage was found to be 4 days 2 hours.
Two hatched after only 3 days, and several were delayed to 5 days 4 hours.

The larval stages.—I\n freeing itself from the eggshell the caterpillar
eats only enough to permit it to escape. It bites a hole through the edge
of the concave top, usually destroying the micropyle. Of all the empty
shells examined, only two were found with this structure intact and suit-
able for drawing. The newly-born larva seeks the petals* of the flower
on which it finds itself and bores a hole through them just large enough
to accommodate its body. Through this it crawls into the heart of the
blossom and feeds upon the stamens, pistil and carina. It is a fact worthy
of note that the a/e and vexi//um are not eaten, and, with the exception of
the minute hole by which, as a baby, the caterpillar entered, the flower
seems uninjured. Without doubt, this habit serves as a measure of pro-
tection against their ever-watchful enemies. Fig. 3 shows a flower of the
lupine (x 2.25) and the small hole by which I detected the presence of
many of the larvee collected or marked for study. Around the hole the
tissue dies, and is discoloured for a very little distance. Fig. 4 is the
same, with one wing removed to show the riddled keel.

The first moult evidently takes place within the flower ; whether the
others do is doubtful. As long as the petals last the caterpillar lives
within their purple shadow,y probably moving to a new home whenever
the immediate supply of food has been exhausted. When this happens,
the petals are not punctured, but access to the inside of the flower is
gained between them. There is thus no indication of the presence of a

*The larvz from two eggs found on leaves attacked the parenchyma of the
upper surface. These were not collected, but, with others, were left for obser-
vation in the field. One of them was discovered by a small black spider, which
carried it off before my eyes. Tue other disappeared the day after hatching, may
have been killed, or sought the flowers.

+It may be merely a coincidence, but I have never found a larva on the
variety albaflora, ig

144 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

larva except in its first home. The excrement is soft, wet and green when
the insect has been feeding upon succulent tissues ; dry, granular and
coloured when the anthers have been eaten.

After the petals have withered and the pod is developed, the larvee
may be found boring into the latter and feeding openly by day. It 1s,
however, much more difficult to find them at this time, possibly because
their number is depleted.

Three moults are undergone before pupation, the caterpillar finally
attaining a length of 12-16 mm. ‘The length of larval life varies consid-
erably, but all the insects bred were in chrysalis before the second of
July.

Pupation.—When fully grown the larva grows restless and refuses to
eat. For two or three days it will circle its prison time and again,
noticeably decreasing in size in the meantime. When it was noticed that
one desired to pupate it was transferred to a shallow glass-covered box
filled with sand, over which dry leaves and twigs had been liberally
sprinkled. One of the most interesting facts determined concerning this
species is that the larva constructs a rude cocoon of leaves or other debris,
fastened together with a considerable amount of silk. These “cocoons”
are less finished than those of many Hesperide, and remind one of
similar shelters constructed by Zveres comyntas. Fig. 5 in the plate
shows one made of three leaves, and scarcely covering the chrysalis ;
fig. 5a, one of a single leaf and much silk; fig. 5b, one of parts of two
leaves and little silk; fig. 5c, the largest and firmest of all. This is
composed of six leaves or parts of leaves and a withered Vaccinium
flower, fastened by silk in five different places. This has been opened
and folded back along the line A-B.

The chrysalis:—Figs. 11,-13, 15, 101, 107, 109, 110 and 112 show
variation in the size and outline of the chrysalids. These are drawn
natural size by tracing the shadow cast under a point of brilliant light,
and are not symmetrical, because the chrysalis not being flat on the
ventral surface tips a little to one side or the other; 13, t10 and 112 did
not yield imagoes ; 11 and 15 gave males ; 101, 107 and 109 gave females.

Parasite.—A dipterous larva came out of No. 110 on February gth,
1906, and hardened into a short cylindrical pupal case, rounded at both
ends. On February 28th the fly emerged, and is evidently a Tachinid.
I have referred it to the genus Exorista, but am not able to identify it

further.
(To be continued.)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 145

COLLECTING NOTES ON COLEOPTERA.

BY W. KNAUS, MCPHERSON, KANSAS.

While collecting at Brownwood, Texas, in the latter part of May, 1904,
I secured half a dozen three- and four-inch sections of a Mesquite tree,
about three inches in diameter, that had been cleared from land the
preceding fall. The sections were infested with Coleopterous larve, and
were put into a breeding box to see what would develop. The first trans-
formation into imagoes was in July, when a small Ptinid, Zzogoxylon
Californicum, Lec., began to emerge in numbers. A little later three or
four specimens of a small Cucujid, Zathropus vernalis, Lec., emerged.
In August a dozen specimens of Szvoxylon Texanum, Horn, had trans-
formed, their cells being in the white wood part of the Mesquite. After
emergence, a number of these bored holes straight into the wood their full
length, or deeper. At this time also appeared three or four Clerids,
Elasmocerus terminalis, Say, pupating like the Sinoxylon, in the white
wood near the bark. August 4 the first specimen of Cy//ene crintcornis,
Chev., emerged ; two or three September 18, and two or three others the
first week in October. About fifty per cent. of the larve of this species
died before entering the pupal state. The larve channelled through all
parts of the wood. ‘Two or three parasitic Hymenoptera emerged up to
November. The Trogoxylon continued to thrive and transform until
extreme cold weather. Examinations of the wood in Apriland May, 1905,
showed the Trogoxylon still at work in the white wood, and every exam-
ination during the summer and fall showed live and dead insects of this
species.

Some time during July four more specimens of the Longicorn, Cy//ene
crinicornis, transformed, and were found dead, and two or three dead
Sinoxylon Texanum and one Elasmocerus terminatus, Say, were also
found.

The capture of two or three specimens of Aii/ipus sguamosus, Lec.,
on spice wood near Galena, Kansas, by Mr. Eb. Crum, has been
recorded. This fine Curculionid was described from specimens taken from
under pine bark in Georgia. It has also been taken in Kentucky, but it
is rather unexpected to find the species in Kansas.

Dr. G. H. Horn, in his “ Halticini,” 1887, describes Crepidodera
Zongula, and says: ‘“ Collected at McPherson, Kansas, on Willows, by
William Knaus.” The Doctor was slightly in error. The type. specimen

was collected near Osage City, in June, 1883, by myself, and occurs from
May, 1906

146 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Central Kansas east. I have taken at McPherson two or three specimens
of an Epitrix that seems to be new. It is closely related to cucumeris,
but is larger, thorax more robust, and elytra and thorax almost entirely
ferruginous or testaceous.

At Alomogordo, N. M., and El Paso, Texas, the 14th to 2oth of June,
1905, the common Aphodius was pumzZus, Horn, one of the smallest in the
genus. Among other things, I sent specimens of this species to Mr.
Chas. Dury, of Cincinnati, Ohio. He wrote me that he was glad to see
the little fellows, as he had collected the type specimen from which Dr.
Horn wrote his description more than twenty years ago, about half a mile
north of Las Cruces, N. M. One specimen was all he could find, and
this he gave to Dr. Horn.

Aphodius larrea, Horn, is recorded as being taken by Mr. G, W.
Dunn on the plant, Zarrea Mexicana, near El Paso, Texas. I took four
specimens of this Aphodius at El Paso, June 18th, 1905. They were not
on Larrea, but were taken where Aphodius with normal appetites would
be expected to be found.

Canthon vigilans, Lec., is recorded as being from Kansas, but I
never saw a Specimen from this State until I took a single one at McPher-
son. They are rare in Kansas, this State evidently being the northern
limit of range.

Calestethus alternatus, Fall, is described by the author in his revision
of the Ptinide, from three specimens, two of which were taken by Prof.
T. D. A. Cockerell with the locality Wootens, N. M. Last June I took
two specimens of this species by beating, near Cloudcroft, on the summit
of the Sacramento Mountains, nine thousand feet above sea level.
Wootens is down Fresnal Canon about four miles, and is two thousand
feet lower in altitude.

June 14th to 17th, 1905, a new Dichelonycha, testaceipennis, Fall
(MS.), occurred plentifully from Cloudcroft to Wootens, being easily
secured by beating scrub oak, young pines and firs, wild roses and
willows. I collected over the same ground two years before, and at the
same time in the month, but did not see a single Dichelonycha.

This season I took several specimens of a fine large Embaphion,
which will be described as new by Dr. F. E. Blaisdell, under the name of
contractum, on the summit near Cloudcroft, N. M. ‘Two seasons before I
collected over the same ground on the same dates (June r2th to 17th) as
this year, but did not see an Embaphion.,

4 Ca en eo

oY 2 A ae eer S

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 147

At Alamogordo, N. M., on the flat east of the town, I took, June
13th, 1905, along an overflow stream from an irrigation ditch, a single
specimen of what I thought was Cvcindela rectilatera, Chd. Last
December, while looking over the material taken at the above place, I
turned this specimen over and noticed that the last ventral segment was
reddish testaceous. This is different from the typical recti/atera, and I
soon ascertained that the insect was Czcindela flavopunctata, Chevr.,
recorded heretofore in the United States only from Nogales, Arizona, on
the Mexican border. My specimen is a female, and when compared with
females of the sub-species recti/atera (placed as a sub-species of favopunc-
tata by Dr. Walther Horn in his “Index,” published February, 1905),
from Texas, it is lighter brown in colour, the elytral suture is more
coppery, the head, thorax and body are not so robust, and the last
abdominal segment is bright reddish testaceous. As establishing the
north-eastern range of this species, it may be noted that Alamogordo is
eighty-seven miles north-east of El Paso, Texas, on the Rio Grande, the
boundary line between the United States and New Mexico.

The F. H. Snow expedition from the University of Kansas to south-
east Arizona, in August, 1905, was fortunate in securing a large series of
the heretofore rare Cycindela pimeriana, Lec., east of Douglas, on the
Mexican boundary. ‘This species, while almost identical in colour with
unicolor, Dej., and in form with Horniz, Schp., is easily recognized despite
the rather meagre description we have of it. It is longer than wzzcolor,
thorax slightly longer, anterior angles more prominent, constricted at
base and apex slightly more than wzzcolor, with median depression deeper.
Elytra gradually widening from base to near apex, being almost identical
in shape with the body of Aorniz, except that it is a little smaller and
flatter. Labrum white in both sexes, antennz more slender than in
unicolor, with basal joints less hairy. Front of head equally hairy in both
sexes. Elytra smoother and more shining than in wazcolor. Colour
varying from purple to green. Humeral dot and transverse dash of
median band of elytra occasionally present. Upon request, Mr. Eugene
G. Smyth, of Topeka, Kansas, examined the elytra of pzmerina, and
reports as follows: ‘‘ Under strong power of the microscope, the elytral
tips show decidedly serrulate—minutely and beautifully serrulate. The

elytral tips of pw/chra and scute//aris, examined under the same power, are
entirely smooth. Comparing the surface of elytra of the three species:
scutellaris, surface smooth, scarlet to crimson, iridescent in all lights, impunc-
tate, or with shallow green punctures anteriorly; pu/chra, very smooth,

148 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

crimson to violet, iridescent only in certain lights, impunctate at apex,
strongly punctate anteriorly, the punctures brilliant crimson ; pzmeriana
smooth, uniform green, iridescent in certain lights, strongly punctate
throughout, as in fwgida, the punctures being vivid violet towards apex,
more brassy towards humerus. The apparent bluish colour of pAzmertana
is probably due to the combination of green and violet, as there is not
the slightest trace of blue to be seen under the microscope.”

The late M. L. Linell, in Proceedings of the National Museum, No.
1096, pages 726-7, describes Lachnosterna alpiza from four male speci-
mens, taken near Alta, Utah. Last December Mr, Tom. Spalding gave
me two specimens of this insect, which he obtained by digging, at an
altitude of about 10,000 feet, on November 26th, near Alta. They were
male and female, and as the original description was made from males,
some notes and comparisons with the male may be of interest.

Male: length, 17 mm.; width, 9 mm. Female: more robust ; length,
18 mm.; width, 1o mm. Antennal club a little more than half the length
of the stem. Punctuation of thorax not so dense as that of the male, but
punctures deeper. Punctuation of head dense and deep. Hairs on
metasternum not so long or numerous as in male. Pygidium sparsely
punctured, with punctures deeper than in male. Hind tarsi shorter and
more slender than those of the male. Penultimate segment of abdomen
strongly margined. ‘The genital structure is very close to that of dudza;
the pubic process is almost identical with that of dudza, except that it is
smaller, slightly flatter and the truncated tips slightly arcuate, with the
bristles at the tip and on front surface more numerous and not so long as
in dubia. The superior plates the same as in dubia.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE HawallAN ENTomoLocicaL Society for the
year 1905. Honolulu, April 3, 1906. 36 pages, two plates.

The group of able and enthusiastic Entomologists now resident in
Honolulu have organized a Society and published their first year’s
proceedings in pamphlet form. While the papers and discussions
naturally deal with local species, there is much in them of general
interest ; the most important article is Mr. Van Dine’s “ Notes on a
Comparative Anatomical Study of the Mouth-parts of Adult Saw-flies,”
illustrated with two plates. We heartily wish abundant success and
continued prosperity to this new Society and its members,

a ae eee oe Pd

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 149

A FIRST LIST OF ONTAR[O ODONATA.
BY E. M. WALKER, B. A., M. B., TORONTO.

(Continued from page 110.)
Sub-family Cordu/egasterine.

40. Cordulegaster maculatus, Selys.—Port Sidney, 1897 (W. Brodie).
Also reported from Ontario by Hagen.

41. Cordulegaster diastatops, Selys.—Port Sidney, June 17, 1896
(W. Brodie).

42. Cordulegaster obliguus, Say.—In an old box of entomological
fragments I found part of the abdomen and one wing of a dragon-fly very
different from anything else in my collection. On receiving a specimen
of cbZiguus from Dr. Calvert recently, I at once recognized my fragments,
and a careful comparison showed that they indeed belong to this species,
which could scarcely be mistaken for any other. The specimen was
taken many years ago at De Grassi Pt., but I recollect nothing about its
capture, and have never seen a Cordudegaster of any kind since.

Sub-family “schnuine.

43. Boyerta vinosa, Say—De Grassi Point, July 17-Aug., rgot;
Algonquin Park, Aug. 8-31, 1902-'03, abundant along the North Branch
of the Muskoka River.

The nymphs are found at De Grassi Pt., in the clear water, under stones
near the lake shore. They transform on boulders, boat-houses, wharves,
ete., sometimes climbing to a height of six or seven feet, but usually only
three or four.

After the first flight the imagoes often rest for a day or so under the
verandah roofs of the cottages, which are only a few steps from the shore.
After this I have only occasionally seen them flying quite low along the
margin of the lake, but never away from the water. In Algonquin Park
they are abundant, but never seem to leave the vicinity of the rivers.

44. Epteschna heros, Fab.—There are two specimens of this insect
bearing Tcronto labels in Dr. Brodie’s collection in the Educational Dept.,

Toronto. I have twice seen an immense dragon-fly at De Grassi Point,

in July, 1903, which I think could have been none other than this
species.

45. schna constricta, Say.—Hamilton (Anderson) ; Toronto, July-
Sept.; De Grassi Point, July 17, 1904-Sept.; Algonquin Park, Aug. 28,
1902; Thessalon, Algoma. The commonest -£schna at Toronto, but at
De Grassi Point it is usually far outnumbered by 4. verticadis. This was

not the case, however, in 1go4.
May 1906,

150 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

.

40. 2eschna clepsydra, Say.—De Grassi Point, Sept. 9, 1901; Dwight,
Aug. 23, 1903; Algonquin Park, Aug. ‘The commonest species in
Algonquin Park in 1902—03, but scarcer southward.

47. «Eschna verticalis, Hagen.—Point Pelee, Aug. 7, 1901; Toronto;
De Grassi Point, July 16-Aug. 28, 1901, abundant; Tobermory, Bruce
Co., Aug. 25, 1901 ; Algonquin Park, Aug.; Thessalon, Algoma.

48. Anax junius, Drury.—Toronto, April-June, Sept., abundant ;
De Grassi Point, July 9, 1901, Aug. 8, 1901, teneral; Stokes Bay, Lake
Huron, Aug. 27, 1901 3. Queenston, July 1, 1903. ‘The earliest species to
appear in the spring.

Family LipeLLuLipe.
Sub-family AZacromiine.

49. Macromia Lllinotensis, Walsh.—De Grassi Pt., July 17-Aug.;
Algonquin Park, Aug.

This species breeds in Lake Simcoe, and the exuviz are often found
upon tree-trunks and boathouses, usually ten or fifteen feet from the shore,
and sometimes six or seven feet above the ground. ‘The imagoes are
often seen patrolling the roads through the woods, where they fly with
great swiftness in a more or less regular beat, and seldom rest. ‘They
may also sometimes be seen flying low over the water.

50. Didymops transversa, Rambur.—De Grassi Point, July 4, rgot,
1 9 from poplar thicket. I have seen two or three others, but they are
very rare. A number of exuvize were found in Algonquin Park, where
they are probably fairly common.

Sub-family Cordu/ine.

51. Weurocordulia Yamaskanensis, Prov.—A number of exuvie of
a Weurocordulia were found on the logs of a timber-slide on Ragged Lake,
Algonquin Park, in. Aug., 1903. Drs. Calvert and Needham, to whom
specimens were sent, both expressed the opinion that the species should
be Yamaskanensis, as the nymph of odsodeta, the only other regional
species, is already known and is distinct.. V. Yamaskanensis was
described by Provancher from speciinens taken on the Yamaska River,
PO.

There isa ¢ Neurocordulia in Dr. Brodie’s: collection which is not
obsoleta, but I had no opportunity of ascertaining whether it be Yamas-
Ranensis or not.

52. Epicordulia princeps, Hagen.—Hamilton (Anderson); Toronto,
June ; Algonquin Park, Aug., 1 exuvia (Hahn).

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. A agi

This insect breeds in Grenadier Pond, ‘loronto, but is not very
common. I found about a dozen exuvice in a boathouse, and one attached
to a reed at the water’s edge, and have occasionally seen the imagoes
flying over the water. They seem to be quite tireless in flight. The
species is probably locally common in Ontario, as I have frequently seen
it in collections. There are many specimens in Dr. Brodie’s collection,
but they are unlabelled. '

53. Zetragoneuria spinigera, Selys.—I have 1 ¢, 2 2 9, of this
insect taken by Mr. J. B. Williams at High Park, Toronto, May 24, 1902.
They are all tenerals Mr. Hahn has some exuvie from Algonquin Park,
which I believe belong to this species.

54. Letragoneuria cynosura, Say.—Toronto, June-July 14, 1904.
Algonquin Park, Aug., exuvize (?).

55. Letragoneuria semiaguea, Burm.—Toronto, June, July; De
Grassi Pt., July; Go Home and Burwash Bay, Sept. 17, 1903; mature
nymphs ; Algonquin Park, July 25, r9g00 (Macoun), Aug., 1903 (exuvie).

I have bred both cynosura and semtaguea from nymphs taken from
Grenadier Pond, Toronto, and do not believe they can be separated by
the characters given by Needham. I am pretty well satisfied that they are
one and the same species.

Semiaguea is much the commoner form wherever I have collected.

56. Helocordulia Uhlert, Selys.—Algonquin Park, Aug., 1903-4, a
nutnber of exuviee. . 2 Sik GON Pere ae en Te

577 Sdmatochlora (alll 7, “Scudd. — Toronto, June; De Grassi
Pt., June 29, 1901-July 19, 1904; Algonquin Park, Aug. 17-20, 1903.

This species is abundant at Lake Simcoe and Algonquin Park, but is
very difficult to capture, as it usually flies at a height of twenty to forty
feet, seldom descending to within reach of the net. It frequents wood-
land roads and glades. I took one specimen inside the house at Toronto.

The superior appendages of the male are more incurved in the

examples from Toronto and Lake Simcoe than in those from Algonquin

Park.

58. Somatochlora forcipata, Scudd.—Algonquin Park, July 15, 1go00,
1 ¢ (Macoun). :

59. Somatochlora tenebrosa, Say.—Hamilton (?), 1 g (Anderson).

60. Cordulia Shurtleff, Scudd.—Algonquin Park, Aug. Li, 1904, I
exuvia (Hahn).

61. Dorocordulia libera, Selys.—De Grassi Pt., July, rare; Thessalon,
Algoma, 1 ¢..

152 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Sub-family Libel/uline.
62. Mannothemis bella, Uhler.—This species has been reported
from Ontario by Hagen, but I have never seen it at large.

63. Celithemis eponina, Drury.—TVoronto, July, common around
Grenadier Pond ; Sarnia, Aug. 12-16, Igor.

64. Celithemis Elisa, Hagen. —‘Yoronto, June 24-July, 1gor,
common locally; Go Home, Georgian Bay; Sarnia, Aug. 12, 1901,
common ; Dwight, Muskoka, Aug. 23, 1903, t 6.

65. Leucorhinia intacta, Hagen.—Hamilton, June; Toronto, May
20, 1903—July, Aug. 26, 1904, very abundant; Lake Simcoe, June—July
Latal GON:

This species breeds in great numbers in Grenadier Pond, and after
Anax junius, is the first one to appear in the spring. The specimen
taken on Aug. 26 had emerged long after the regular season for the
species was over. It was a rather undersized teneral female, and the
wings are suffused with a smoky colour, and deep yellowish at base.

66. Leucorhinia glacialis, Hagen.—This insect has been reported by
Hagen from London and Michipicoten, Lake Superior.

67. Leucorhinia frigida, Hagen.—There are a number of specimens
of both sexes of this species in the collection of the Biological Dept.,
Toronto, taken at Go Home, Georgian Bay. I have also two females
from Algonquin Park, taken by Prof. Macoun July 7, 1900.

68. Sympetrum scoticum, Don.—De Grassi Pt., July 3, 1904, 1 ¢
from a clearing in a tamarack swamp near a sluggish stream. I have done
much collecting in this spot, but have never seen another example. It
has been reported fromm Ontario once before by Hagen, and probably
occurs more commonly in the north, as I have found it abundant in
(Quebec.

69. Sympetrum costiferum, Hagen.—Toronto, July—Aug.; ‘Toronto
Island, flying over the lagoons, July 25, 1904; Bruce Peninsula, Aug. 23,
1901; Thessalon, Algoma. This species is somewhat local, but is fairly
common along the Don River, Toronto, and around the lagoons at
Toronto Island.

70. Sympetrum vicinum, Hagen.—Toronto, Sept. 8, 1902; Point
Pelee, Aug. 7, 19¢1 ; Walpole Island, River St. Clair, Aug. 13, 1901 ;
Algonquin Park, Aug. 18-Sept. 1, 1902-3; wight, Sept. 2, 1902; De
Grassi Pt., Aug.-Sept. A very common and generally-distributed species.

;
:

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THE CANADIAN KENTOMOLUGIST, 153

71. Sympetrum semicinctum, Say.—Toronto, Oct., 891; De Grassi
Pt, Aug., very rare; Go Home, Georgian Bay ; Algonquin Park, Aug.
17, 1903 ; Catfish Lake, Algonquin Park, July 23-25, 1900 (Macoun). A
local species, sometimes common where it occurs.

72. Sympetrum assimilatum, Uhler.— Walpole Island, River St.
Clair, Aug. 13, 1g01, a fair specimen taken with S. rudicundulum and
obtrusum from an open marsh.

73. Sympetrum rubicundulum, Say. — Hamilton; Toronto, July—
Nov.; De Grassi Point, July 15, 1901-Sept.; Walpole Island, River St.
Clair, Aug. 13, tg01; Niagara Glen, June 28, 1903; Go Home, Georgian
Bay; Algonquin Park, July-Aug.; Thessalon, Algoma. Our most
abundant Sympetrum. Specimens from Walpole Id. average considerably
larger than those from Algonquin Park.

74. Spympetrum obtrusum, Hagen.— Toronto, July-Oct.; De Grassi
Pt., July-Sept.; Walpole Id., River St. Clair, Aug. 13, rgor; South-
ampton, Aug. 20, 1go1 ; Algonquin Park, July-Aug. Abundant, but less
so, as a rule, than rubicundulum.

75. Sympetrum corruptum, Hagen.—Toronto, Humber River, Sept.
25, 1891, 1 ¢ (Brodie).

76. Pachydiplax Jlongipennis, Burm. — Hamilton (Anderson) ;
Toronto, June 22, 1903-Aug.; Burwash Bay, Georgian Bay, Sept. 17,
1903, mature nymphs.

I have bred this species from nymphs taken in Grenadier Pond,
Toronto, where it flies in abundance in July.

77. Mesothemis simplicicollis, Say —Point Pelee, Aug. 8, 1901, 1 ¢
worn and pruinose ; Hamilton (Anderson) ; Toronto, June 20, 1903; De
Grassi Pt., July 13, 1901. A common species in Toronto and southward,
but rare further north.

78. Micrathyria berenice, Drury.—This species has been reported
by Calvert from the Thousand Islands, New York, and is therefore
doubtless a resident of the adjoining parts of Ontario.

79. Ladona Julia, Uhler.—London ; Toronto, June 24, 1904; Go
Home, Georgian Bay, July 19, 1904, young and half-grown nymphs, 1 ¢
imago, no date ; Algonquin Park, July 5, 1900 (Macoun).

So. Libellula incesta, Hagen.—Pt. Pelee, Aug. 7, tg01, 3 ¢ 2.

81. Libellula basalis, Say.—Hamilton ; Toronto, June 22, 1go1—
July, abundant at High Park ; Lake Simcoe, July 4, rg01 ; Niagara Glen,
June 28, 1903. .

154 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

82. Libellula quadrimaculata, L.—Hamilton; Toronto, May 20,
1901—-July ; De Grassi Pt., July 4, 1gor.

This widespread species is always common in Ontario, and some-
times exceedingly abundant.

83. Libellula semifasciata, Burm.—Toronto, High Park, June 11,
1go1, June 15-22, 1903, common and the first Z/de//u/a to appear in the
spring.

84. Libellula pulchella, Drury.—Point Pelee, Aug. 7, 1901; Sarnia,
Aug. 12, 1901 ; Hamilton, June; Toronto, June 22—Aug.;. De Grassi Pt.,
July 3-5, t901; Go Home, Georgian Bay, July, 1904; Thessalon,
Algoma.

This species is nearly as abundant and some seasons more so than
L. quadrimaculata.

85. Plathemis Lydia, Drury.—Point Pelee, Aug. 8, 1901 : Niagara
Glen, June 28, 1903; Hamilton; Toronto, June 24-July; De Grassi
Point, July 15-19, tgor ; Thessalon, Algoma. ;

86. Zramea Carolina, \..—Toronto, May 24, 1904, one fresh male.
The only other Zramea I have ever seen was flying over a pond near
Toronto, on June 24, 1901. ‘I watched it for half an hour, but it never
rested, and never came within my reach.

TWO NEW. HOMOPTERA FROM AFRICA, AND SYNONYM-
ICAL NOYES.

BY G. W. KIRKALDY, HONOLULU.

Superfamily TeTiGONIoiDEA.

Scaphoideus Anne, sp. wov.—Different from all the other species of
Scaphoideus known to me, by the presence of only one median subapical
cell in the tegmina, instead of two ; the subcostal (marginal) cell widens
apically, the outer branch of the radial vein being continuous up to the
apex of the tegmen, not ending at the base of the subapical cells as in the
other species. The interolateral margins of the eyes are straight, diverging
very slightly towards the dorsal apex, and the posterior margin of the
pronotum is a little more emarginate. It may be taken as the type of a
new subgenus, Scaphotdophyes. (Scaphoideus proper has been found in
America, Ceylon, Japan, Australia and Hawaii, the last doubtless intro-
duced. )

May, 1906

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. @. 155

Vertex black, with three small whitish testaceous spots at the apex,
this being also the colour of the face, sterna and legs. There are also
two tiny testaceous specks, and a short, narrow line at base of vertex.
Pronotum dark fulvous, anterior and lateral margins irregularly black.
Scutellum pinkish brown, posteriorly ivory-white, lateral margins broadly
black. Tegmina fulvotestaceous, subhyaline, subcostal (marginal) area
ivory-white, a black wedge about the middle ; extreme base, veins more
or less, and apex of tegmina, blackish smoky. Wings smoky. Vertex
not quite as long, or about as long, as broad between the eyes, apically
obtuse angled. Pronotum basally a little wider than head with eyes.
Anal vein of tegmina united to suture by a cross vein which is curved
apically. Length, 6 mm. to apex of tegmina.

Hab.—Africa, Hinterland of the Ivory Coast, Bouake.
Superfamily FULGOROIDEA.

Oliarus Bouakeanus, sp. nov.—Allied to O. WMatalensis (Stal.).

Ferruginous, deepening on the scutellum ; a spot on each side of the
vertex, the pronotum in the middle, keels of frons and clypeus, and a spot
at the junction of the two last. named, yellowish. Scutellar keels
yellowish-ferruginous. Tegule obscure yellowish, sometimes darker at the s
extreme anterior part. Tegmina hyaline, more or less unevenly suffused
with cinereous, strongly granulate, subcostal (marginal) vein with about 18
or 19 granules, of which 13 are on the apical half and 4 close to the base.
Apical half of tegmina with irregular brown spots and flecks. Veins pale
yellow or colourless, granules blackish brown, Stigma obscure pale
brown, with a dark streak on the interior margin, Legs pale yellowish.
Abdomen more or less dark ferruginous.

Vertex a little longer than wide, a little wider at base than an eye,
lateral margins converging anteriorwards, and forking about their middle,
the inner branches meeting acute-angularly. Head much narrower than
the pronotum. Lateral keels of scutellum straight, converging a little
posteriorly, submedian keels curved. Radial vein forks much farther from
the base than does the cubital. Length 514-614 mm. to apex of tegmina.

Hab.—Africa, Hinterland of the Ivory Coast, Bouake.

SynonyMicaL Nores, Etc.

Cathedra, Wirkaldy, 1903, Entom., XXXVI, 179 = Pristiopsis,

Schmidt. 1905, Stettin. Ent. Zeit., LX VI, 332 (homotypical).

Delphacissa, new subg. of Delphacodes. representing Fieber’s typical
subgenus of ‘* De/phax,” characterized by ‘“ Stirnkiel bis auf den Scheitel
fadenformig ”; type uucinmata.

156 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Delphacodes Melichart, n. vn. =|, Liburnia fumipennis, Melichar, nec
Fieber. —

D. Anne, n,n. = || Delphax concinna, Fieber, nec Stal.

D. taprobanensis, n. vn, =|| Liburnia pallidula, Melichar, nec
Boheman. :

D. sinhalanus, n. n. = Liburnia frontalis, Melichar, nec Kirsch-
baum.

D. Kahavalu,v. n. = Delphax venosus, Motshulsky, nec Germar.

Eumelicharia, nv. n. =|| Walkeria, Mel., nec Flem., type Fata

radtata, Dist.
Ormenis epilepsis, n. Nn. =\| marginata (Brann).

I wrote Dr. Melichar some years ago that his names were
preoccupied, but as he has not, to my knowledge, altered them yet, I
must do so now.

PRACTICAL AND POPULAR ENTOMOLOGY.— No. "173
SomME BEETLES oF EarRty May.
BY C. J. S. BETHUNE, LONDON, ONTARIO.

Many of our younger members are now for the first time forming a
collection of insects. They are fiiled with delightful enthusiasm, and
almost everything is a prize that comes within reach of their nets. Butter-
flies and beetles are usually the first to attract attention and to become
the most conspicuous features in the incipient collection. Not many of
the former are yet on tne wing, but an almost endless variety of beetles
may be found by careful search, aided by sharp eyes and nimble fingers.
It is the object of this paper to draw attention to some of the more
conspicuous species.

First in order come the Tiger Beetles (Creéade/a), of which over
thirty varieties are to be found in the Dominion, but only about a dozen
in Ontario. ‘These lively creatures are to be found in hot sunny places,
such as the sandy margins of streams, dry roads and footpaths, and one
or two species on logs or boulders to which the sunlight has access in
open woods or groves. Though brilliantly. metallic in colouring when

closely observed, they generally conform very much to the ground they |

frequent, and would not be seen by an untrained eye, but a little watch-
fulness soon reveals the beetle as it runs about in search of its prey, and

Vt CA

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. lay

then a swift stroke of the net is required for capture. They are ever on)
the alert, and when alarmed take instant flight for a few yards, and come
to the ground with their face to the pursuer; as he draws near they fly
again, and after some distance has been covered in this way, a long flight
is made back to the starting place. However, after a little practice they
can be captured in fair numbers. The following are our commonest
species :

Cicindela vulgaris (fig. 13) and C. purpurea (fig. 14) are widely
distributed, and may be found very early in the season ; the figures show

their characteristic markings, the latter, as its name implies, is of a
beautiful reddish purple colour above. C. generosa (fig. 15) is a magnificent

creature, but is not nearly so abundant as the preceding species : some-
times it is found in gardens. C. Airtico/lis (fig. 16) and C. repanda
frequent hot sandy places. but C. sexgutta (fig. 17), a very beautiful
metallic-green species. and C punctulata, a slender and smaller blackish
beetle, are found in open woods or on somewhat shady roadsides. ‘The
larvee of these beetles (fig. r8), live in holes in the sand, where they

lie in wait for their prey ; they have a metallic head with formid-

able jaws, and a curious hump on their backs, which prevents

z them from slipping down in their dens.

On dull cloudy days, when there are no Tiger Beetles about,

Fic. «8. and on bright days also for that matter, the collector may turn
aver loose stones, logs, pieces of board, or other rubbish, and he will be
sure to find a variety of beetles of all sizes hurrying away to hide them-
selves from the sudden exposure to light. ‘These are for the most part

158 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Ground-beetles (Caradide), which form a very large family, the members of
which resemble each other closely in general appear-
ance, and, with few exceptions, are very

hard to name correctly. Fig. 19 (/ar-

palus caliginosus) represents a common

shape and the prevailing black colour;

(fig. 20) the Bombardier beetle (Bva- {
chinus), so called from its remarkable af
power of discharging a very pungent fluid,
accompanied by a slight report and some Fict
smoke-like vapour; this will stain the

captor’s fingers, and is evidently a means of defence
against ordinary enemies ; the head and thorax of this beetle are yellowish-
red, and its wing-covers dark blue.

A large and handsome beetle of this family will also be occasionally
met with—the Caterpillar-hunter—(Calosoma cadi-
dum), fig. 21. It is black, with rows of bright
coppery spots on the wing-covers, and may be at
once recognized from the figure. When handled it
leaves on the fingers a persistent odour that is not
very agreeable. With these
ground beetles the collector
is sure to find some very
pretty silky-green specimens
of medium size (Chlenius
sericeus).

Fig. 21.

Let the explorer now turn to the water. In
shallow ponds in fields and meadows, which dry
up in summer, there will usually be found a variety
of swiftly-swimming water-beetles; one of the
largest, Dytiscus Harrisii, is shown in fig. 22.
These are by no means easy to catch, but with a
long-handled water-net one may have exciting sport
and fair success. In the mud, or running over it,
on the margins of pools and streams, many minute
species of beetles will also be found.

The enthusiastic collector is not apt to be fastidious. and will not,
therefore, hesitate to turn over horse and cow manure, under the masses of

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, Lag

which he will find Rove-beetles (Stuphylinide), long, narrow creatures,
whose wing-covers only partially cover the abdomen, and who run swiftly
with their tails turned up over their backs; also several species of Dung-
beetles (Scarabeide), one of which has a black head and thorax and
bright wing-covers, the colour of red sealing-wax (Aphodius fimetarius).

Flying low in open fields on the borders of woods, and making a
noise like a bumblebee, there may be captured a. stout hairy beetle, half
an inch long, of an ivory colour, sprinkled all over with irregular black
spots (some specimens are entirely black)—this is sometimes called the
Bumblebee beetle (Huphoria inda). When it appears again in the
autumn it is known to fruit-growers as a very destructive creature, from
its habit of burrowing into
ripe pears and peaches.

During warm evenings
the May beetles or Cock-
chafers (Lachunosteria)
come out in myriads, at-
tacking the tender foliage
of trees and shrubs, and
often coming into houses,
attracted by light. Fig. 23
represents the beetle and
its grub and chrysalis.
Later on in the month,
about Victoria day, May
24, the handsome Gold-
smith beetles (Cofa/pa
lanigera@) are on the wing for a few evenings, and may be found under
electric lights in the streets of towns and villages. ‘This
fine beetle has the head and thorax golden and the
wing-covers creamy-yellow ; beneath it is metallic-green
with a woolly breast.

Enough has now been written to show the young
collector what a rich field is open to him in air and field
and water, and what an infinite variety of curious and
beautiful forms will reward a patient search. The joy
of success may soon be his, and he will be filled with

the delight of finding new and interesting creatures wherever his ex) lora-
tions may extend.

160 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST

NEW ROCKY MOUNTAIN BEES, AND OTHER NOTES.
BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, BOULDER, COLO.

Bombus tridis phacelie, n. var.— GQ. Hair of face black, with a
little pale intermixed ; yellow hair of thorax in front dense, not at all
mixed with black; yellow of scutellum neither divided nor mixed
with black; hair on inner side of basal joints of tarsi dark; air
on second and third abdominal segments entirely deep red (much less dense,
and not nearly so bright as in B. fernarius), but second with a large bare
median triangle ; hair of fourth segment and sides of fifth yellow.

Hab.—Ward, Colorado; alt. 9,000 ft., at flowers of Phacelia circinata,
July 18, 1905. (W. P. & T. D. A. CkIl.) This has the structure of B.
iridts, ut the brightly-coloured abdomen gives it such a different aspect
that | at first took it for a new species. I am now convinced that &.
iridis belongs to the series of B. ternartus, in which it is easily recogniz-
able by the red of abdomen being confined to segments 2z and 3, hair of
face mostly black, yellow of thorax anteriorly not mixed with black, and
pubescence on inner side of hind tarsi fuscous. No doubt défarius and
ornatus are varieties of fernarius, but iridis appeais to be a_ perfectly
valid species.

Osmia hypocrita, n. sp.—Q. Black ; of the narrow, parallel-sided
type; abdomen shining, scopa black ; front, vertex, thorax above, and
first two segments of abdomen, with much rather dull white hair ; pleura,
rest of abdomen, and legs, with black hair, not at all dense. Length
about (or hardly) 13 mm., width of abdomen about 3% mm. In all
respects this is so like Monumetha argentifrons that, until I examined it
with a lens, I did not doubt that it belonged to that species. It is, never-
theless, undoubtedly distinct, and will be easily separated by the following
characters: Mandibles smaller, in the closed condition I see only two
teeth, and there do not seem to be others ; the upper and lower (or inner
and outer) mandibular carine are, at their ends, at least twice as close
together as those of 4/. argentifrons ; clypeus with a strong, smooth and
shining, longitudinal median ridge ; anterior edge of clypeus somewhat
turned up, and broadly and shallowly emarginate ; hair on clypeus and at
its sides white, but some short black hair near its anterior edge ; eyes
diverging above (in AZ. argentifrons they slightly converge above) ; hair on

lower part of cheeks white; vertex smaller; parapsidal grooves strongly
converging anteriorly ; punctures of mesothorax denser and smaller ; the
wings offer nothing distinctive in colour or venation, except that the second

recurrent nervure is less distant from the end of the second submarginal
May, 1906

eR A ee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOUIST. 161

cell ; the abdomen and legs are about the same, except that the light hair
of the abdomen has not any distinct tendency to form patches, and is
reduced almost to nothing on the third segment. Perhaps this should be
referred to Monumetha, if that is a valid genus ; but I am not quite sure
whether it is really a close ally of JZ. argentifrons or an example of
“convergent evolution.” O. frigida, Sm., seems to be allied.

Hab.— Boulder, Colo., June 27, 1905. (W. P. Cockerell. )

Osmia Novomexicana, Ckll., was taken at Boulder, Colo., June 17,
1905. (WW. P. Cockerell.) It is new to Colorado.

Nomada ornithica, n. sp.—g. Vength, 8 mm., or a little more ;
black and lemon-yellow, with some red on legs ; belongs to the subgenus
Xanthidium. NWHead and thorax densely and coarsely rugoso-punctate ;
eyes sage-green; head broad; mandibles (except apically), labrum,
clypeus, supraclypeal mark (which is large, and broader than long) and
lateral face-marks all yellow, except that there is a very small black spot
on each side of clypeus, at the suture ; labrum with a very small: apical
tubercle ; face little hairy, but the supraclypeal area and upper part of
clypeus are covered with appressed white hair; lateral face-marks tri-
angular, following clypeus to the top, but ending bluntly and a little away
from the orbital margin, a short distance below level of antenne ; lower
orbital margin narrowly yellow, the stripe going a short distance up the
posterior margin ; scape swollen, lemon-yellow, black behind ; flagellum
thick, red beneath and laterally, but black above, the black more exten-
sive on the apical joints; no sign of denticulation ; third antennal joint
about half as long as fourth; mesothorax coarseiy rugoso-punctate,
entirely black ; upper border of prothorax, tubercles, tegule, large mark
on pleura (having the shape of a bird’s head and neck, the tip of the bill
almost touching the tubercle), scutellum, except margins, and a short band
on postscutellum, all yellow; scutellum swollen and bigibbous ; meta-
thorax black, with a smali yellow spot on each side near the lower end ;
anterior cox without spines; legs yellow, suffused with ferruginous
basally, with black on the coxz, trochanters, and posterior femora and
tibie behind ; wings dusky at apex, stigma ferruginous, nervures more
fuscous ; basal nervure meeting transverse-medial ; second submarginal
cell twice as broad as third above; abdomen very minutely punctured,
and with six broad yellow bands, the intervals between the first four black,
but the hind margins of the fourth and fifth segments reddish ; apical
segment black basally ; apical plate notched; ventral segments nearly all

162 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

yellow, with the hind margins broadly light reddish, except the basal
segment, which is black, with a large yellow mark not unlike a_buffalo-
skull in shape. :

Hab.— Boulder, Colo., June 11, r905. (W. P. Cockerell.) In many
respects this agrees with the description of VV. favipes, Provancher, but I
have supposed that to be really a AZicronomada. Should flavipes prove
to be a Xanthidium, it will be separated from V. ornithica by its larger
size, yellow posterior orbits, yellow of scutellum reduced to two spots,
darker wings, etc., but it is known only in the female, and the male might
show more resemblance. In my table of Rocky Mountain omada, WV.
ornithica runs to LV. cividis, which it closely resembles in’ general appear-
ance, but it is easily known from cv7/7s, by the broad short lateral face-
marks, the much more parallel orbits, the longer fourth antennal joint, etc.

In my Xanthidium table (Proc. Phila. Acad., 1903, p. 580) it runs to ZV.

fascoensts, but differs in the lateral face-marks, much less red on legs, etc.

Augochlora fervida, Smith.—Boulder, Colo.; 2 ¢’s, June 4 and 10,
1905. (W. P. Cockerell.) Mr. Titus does not credit this species to
Colorado in his article in Can. Ent., May, 1901. Our specimens have
the hind spur with four spines, except that one has only three on one side.
They differ from A. Aumeradis in having the first four ventral segments
of abdomen green, but it is doubtful whether Zumeradis is really a distinct
species. In Mr. Vachal’s recent paper (Misc. Entomologica, 1903-4) the
species of Axugochlora are referred to Hadictus, and humeralis, being
preoccupied in that genus, is changed to Patton’. However, the descrip-
tion of Pattoni given by Vachal does not accord with Aumeradis ; but,

except for certain characters (colour of tibiz and tarsi, 4 spined spur) of

the legs, suggests 4. cerudea, Ashm., and a specimen is cited from Fort

Lupton, Colo., which must be one of those already recorded by Titus as ~

cerulea. On the other hand, I feel reasonably sure that the Texas
material of chortsis, Vachal, must have been fervida, :

Sphecodes eustictus, n. sp.— 2. Length hardly 6mm. A Sphecodium
(this hardly seems a distinct genus), allied to and closely resembling 5S.
Cressonit, Rob., or S. mandibularis, Cress. (these are probably not
distinct species), but very easily distinguished from these by the con-
spicuously punctured second abdominal segment.

Labrum not emarginate ; mandibles ferruginous ; antennal joints 3

and 4 both very short, and of about the same length; punctures of vertex
strong and dense ; of clypeus very large but sparse ; mesothorax shining,
with large, distinctly-separated punctures ; tegulee pale testaceous ; area

a
;
?
:

cere. Su Sur ema 4

ye

“ecg pew

i no

Mee Sere ore! ey

=o ae ee

THE CANADIAN ENLOMOLOGIST. 163

of metathorax semicircular, well defined, well plicate basally, otherwise
with irregular raised lines, forming a few polygonal areas: basal nervure
falling short of transverso-medial ; fifth and sixth abdominal segments
darkened ; first segment with very sparse punctures, irregularly scattered,
some large, some microscopical, the effect reminding one of the stars in
the sky; basal half of second segment with numerous very distinct
punctures, and minute (microscopical) ones scattered between ; third

segment hairy, with numerous minute piliferous punctures.

Hab.—Prospect Lake, Colorado Springs, Colo., May 22, 1904.
ir A: GW 2PCkil)

Colletes salicicola, Ckll., subsp. geranit, nov.— g. Compared with
female sa/icicola (the only sex known) from Las Cruces, N. M., geraniz
shows the greatest similarity, only the following differences being such as
might not well be merely sexual: malar space longer, being about or
nearly as long as broad ; first recurrent nervure joining the very broad
second submarginal cell at ora little beyond its middle (conspicuously
beyond in sa/tcicofa); clypeus with very close small punctures in the
middle above ; sides of apical triangle of metathorax (below the transverse
ridge) wholly without the definite fine raised lines of sadéctco/a ; first
abdominal segment more strongly punctured. The abundant white hair
is as in saéicicola. Flagellum long, very dark reddish, nearly black ;
stigma ferruginous ; no black hair anywhere ; legs black, only the claws
and ends of claw-joints ferruginous ; labrum with a median pit. Length
8 mm. .

In my table in Psyche, 1905, it runs to C. gaudialis, but differs by
the colour of the stigma and thoracic hair. It does not agree with any-
thing in Robertson’s table; it runs first to 4, and then on to 5, though

“joint 4 is not quite as long as 2 + 3, then on to 10, where it could only

be compared with C. productus, but the punctures of the scutellum are

‘similar to those of the mesothorax, and the tegule are clear testaceous

(black in productus).

Hab.—Boulder, Colo. (W. P. Cockerell.) Five males, June to to
27; one at flowers of wild Geranium.

Colletes Tucsonensts, n. sp.— ¢. Tucson, Ariz., Nov. 7. (Cockerell.)
Length nearly 9 mm.; exceedingly like C. sa/écicola geranti, but differing
thus: malar space shorter, distinctly broader than long; labrum with
three broad grooves or sulci; punctures of mesothorax rather larger ;
abdomen broader, the punctures of the first segment sparser. The white

164 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

hair is quite the same. It is also very lke C. gypsicodens, Ckll., but differs
from that by the much broader abdomen, with the second and. third
segments very much more strongly punctured, and the darker, redder
stigma. ‘he lateral faces of truncation of metathorax are shining, with
piliferous punctures ; the triangle (below the cross-ridge) is very shiny,
scarcely at all sculptured, except for a median longitudinal keel failing
below. The tegule are rufo-testaceous, darkened basally. Second sub-
marginal cell very broad; b. n. falling a rather long distance short of t, m.
(almost reaching t. m. in gypsicolens). In Morice’s European table (Tr.
Ent. Soc., Lond., 1904), C. Zucsonensis runs to C. nanus, but it is larger,
and the abdominal bands are by no means as broad as the spaces between
them. The malar space is, however, rather short for this group, and if
we look for the species among those with a short malar space (for which,
however, it is a little too long) it runs to 15, and has long erect hairs on
disc of second segment, but only short ones on the following. It could
then run to 19 (the intermediate joints of posterior tarsi being longer than
broad), but the sixth ventral plate is quite simple, there being at most a
faint basal elevation of small size to indicate the rudiment of a carina.
(This plate is also simple in gyfsico/ens, but in geranii it has a distinct
though delicate carina).

Greeleyella Beardsleyi, Ckll.—Boulder, Colo., June 5, 1905. (W. P.
Cockerell.) One ¢. This genus and species was previously known only
from the female, obtained at Greeley, Colo., where, as I learn from
Professor Beardsley, it visits the flowers of Malvastrum coccineum. The
male from Boulder has darker nervures, a less obliquely truncate marginal
cell, and the first recurrent nervure enters the first submarginal cell not
far from the end, instead of meeting the transverso-cubital. These differ-
ences may possibly indicate a second species, but I do not think so. The
sexual characters are as follows: Head broad and subquadrate ; clypeus
creamy white, with a black process directed downwards on each side of
the labrum ; face otherwise dark ; labrum ferruginous, with a prominent
transverse ridge or keel ; mandibles nearly all ferruginous; tibie and
tarsi, and about apical third of femora, light ferruginous.

Since writing the above, I have found in my wife’s collection a female
taken at Boulder, June 17, 1905, at flowers of Aa/vastrum. It agrees in
venation with the female type. ‘There is also a male taken June 17, in
which the first recurrent nervure joins the transverso-cubital, but other-
wise identical with the male of June 5.

- teres Ce

al is 5 RE aE

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 165

Ceratina nanula, Ck\l.—Boulder, Colo., June 27, 1905. One @ at
flowers of Calochortus Gunnisoni, and one ¢ at flowers of Osmodinm
(W. P. Cockerell), known from C. Meomexicana by the very small size
and clear wings. This and the next are new to Colorado.

Ceratina Neomexicana, Cklil—Common at Boulder, Colo. The
male, not before described, differs in the usual manner from the female ;
the branches of the clypeal T are about equally long, but the upper one
is much broadest ; the supraclypeal area has a few large punctures ; the
projecting point on the sixth abdominal segment is covered with light
hair having a fulvous tint ; apical projection small and low; process on

hind femora large, forming more than a right angle. This is, perhaps,

more like C. Zeyonensis than any other male Ceratina, but the end of the
abdomen is quite different. The Bouider females include specimens with
the following data: June 26, at flowers of Platycodon grandiflorum in
cult. (CkIl.) ; Aug. 3, in flower of Argemone intermedia (Ckll.) ; June 12,
at flowers of Onosmodium (W. P. Ckll.) ; June 27, at flowers of Ca/ochortus
Gunnisoni (W. P. Ckll.) ; April (Sellars and Williams).

Sphecodes Pecosensis, Ckll.—Boulder, Colo., 1905. (W. P. CkIl.)
The specimen has the mandibles only bulging within, with nothing that
could be called a tooth, but it is in all other respects exactly like one from
Cheyenne Canon, which has a well-formed tooth, as in the type. It is
evident that the presence or absence of a tooth on the mandibles should
not be held to distinguish a species of Sfhecodes (at any rate, when ex-
hibited by a single specimen) in the absence of other characters. S.
Pecosensis has much superficial resemblance to a number of species, but
is easily known by the first two abdominal segments being sparsely
punctured, the punctures conspicuously of two sizes, the strongly-depressed
suture between these segments, and the dark hair at the apex of the
abdomen.

Proteraner leptanthi, Ckll., was also taken by my wife at Boulder
(male, June ro); so also Sphecodes Sophia, Ckil. (9, June 12.)

Prosopis Fedtschenkoi, n.n.—FProsopis frontalis (F. Morawitz, in
Fedtschenko, Turkestan Mellifera, II., 1876, p. 275). (Not of Fabricius,
1804.)

The Fabrician insect is a Camptopoeum, but it was described as a

Prosopis, and according to the rules in vogue the name may not be
repeated in the genus.

Prosopis Pereztana, . n.—Prosopis Morawits?, Perez. Esp.
Nouvelles Melliféres, 1903, p. 68. (Not of Dalla Torre, 1896.)

L166 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ‘

Andrena metallescens, n. 0. —Andrena metallica, Radosz. Hor Soc.
Ent. Ross., 1876, p. 83. (Not of Fabricius, 1793.)

Andrena succincta, Imhof, 1832.—This name is a homonym, because
of A. succincta, Fabr., 1781, Petagna, 1786 (= Dasyfoda), but the species
is quite uncertain, and being now nameless, may be consigned to oblivion.

Apis dorsata Binghami, n. n.— Apis sonata, Smith. Jn. Linn. Soc.
IIT, 1859, p. 8. (Not of Gravenhorst, 1807.)

Apis mellifera Lamarckit, n. n.— Apis fasciata, Latreille. An. Mus.
Hist. Nat., 1804, p. 171. (Not of Linné, 1767.)

Crocisa Frieseana, n. n.—Crocisa atra, Friese. Z. f. Hym. u. Dipt.,
1905, p. 7. (Sunda Archipelago.) (Not of Jurine, 1807.)

The following are also homonyms, and must be given new names:

Megachile pruinosa, Friese, 1903. Texas. (Not of Perez, 1897.)
Friese (in litt.) holds that praznosa, Perez, is argentata.

Sphecodes sracilior, Perez, 1903. Algeria. (Not of Morawitz, 1894.)

Nomada superba, Perez, 1903. France. (Not of Cresson.) Prof.
Perez writes that his superba is a remarkable variety of WV. chrysopyga,
Morawitz ; it may stand as WV. chrysopyga Pereziana.

Colletes brevicornis, Perez, 1903. (Not of Robertson, 1897.)

Hlalictus testaceus, Nurse, 1902. India. (Not of Robertson, 1897.)
Nurse has proposed the name /7. ovpheus for his species.

FHlalictus nigricornis, (Fabr.) Say, 1837, does not invalidate HZ. nigrt-
cornis, Morawitz, 1886 (from Tibet), because the Fabrician insect was
originally described under Andrena, and is an Agapostemon. It is a
generally accepted (I believe) and very excellent restriction of the rule
regarding homonyms, that secondary references (7. ¢., subsequent to the
original description) do not count, unless the species referred is still con-
sidered to belong to the genus to which it was transferred.*

Lulema, Lep.—LLepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins, Vol. 2, 1841, spells this
name ulema, giving Hulema as the vernacular (French) rendering.
Curiously, all authors have used the latter spelling instead of the former.
Scudder (Nomenclator Zoologicus) has the correct spelling.

Epeolus interruptus, Rob.—Boulder, Colo. At flowers of Zozzs-
endia grandifiora, July 5, 1905. 3 9’s. (W. P. Cockerell.) Previously
known only from Illinois.

*Incidentally, it is to be noted that some of the names of our Noctuid moths
are homonyms. Thus Lycophotia congrua is based on Agrotis congrua, Smith,
1Sgo, not of Walker, 1865. Zriphaena confusa is based on Agrotis confusa, Smith,
1887, not of Alpheraky, 1882,

sl

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 167

NOTES ON SOME MOSQUITOES FROM NEWCASTLE,
JAMAICA.
BY M. GRABHAM, M. A., M. B., GOVERNMENT MEDICAL SERVICE, JAMAICA,
WEST INDIES.

During the summer and autumn of 1905 several small collections of
mosquitoes were sent to me by Major Hassard, of the Royal Army
Medical Corps, and Colonel Loscombe, from the Military Station at New-
castle, alt 4,000 feet, and more recently a number of living larvae from
the same locality, collected by Miss Maclaverty. ‘The species represented
are as follows :

1. Steyomyia fasciata, Fab.

2. Culex fatigans, Wied.

3. Culex secutor, Theo.

4. Culex Hassardit, nov. sp.

5. Howardina Watlkeri, Theo.

6. Howardina aureostriata, nov, sp.
7. Dendromyta, ? nov. sp.

1. Stegomyia fasciata, Fab.—A few specimens of this form and S.
fasciata, Fab., sub-species Luciensis, Theo., were sent in one of Major
Hassard’s collections. It appears to be quite uncommon.

2. Culex fatigans, \Wied.—Specimens were received in all’ the
collections, and the larvee from rain-water barrels.

3. Culex secutor, Vheo.—Very abundant and troublesome during the
day. Larvee very numerous in tanks and river-side pools.

4. Culex Hassardii, nov. sp.— . Head grayish, with narrow curved
pale golden scales and hairs clustered thickly on the occiput and between
the eyes, upright forked scales on the nape, sides of the head black, eyes
bordered with bright white scales; antenne, palpi and clypeus black ;
proboscis black, penultimate quarter of its length banded with yellow
scales ; apex yellow. Thorax grayish, clothed with numerous elongated
spindle-shaped black and white scales ; white scales collected in two con-
spicuous white spots near the centre, and a broad area near the scutellum,
also in patches along the borders of the mesothorax, a number of long
black hairs especially abundant about the origin of the wings.
Prothoracic lobes white-scaled. (Fig. 25, 4.) Central lobe of the
scutellum white scaled. Lateral lobes black. Pleura black, with several
patches of white scales. Metanotum deep brown. Halteres with pale

yellow stems and knobs. Legs bluish-black, clothed with black scales
May, 1906

168 THE CANADIAN ENIOMOLOGIST.

Lf if / /, i,
TEPNEEEE ING

Fig, 25.—Culex Hassardii : 1, male abdomen ; 2, female abdomen : 3, male palpus ;
female ; 5, male genitalia ; 6, larval antenna ;

}. thorax of
E 7, labial plate; 8, air-tube; 8
of ninth segment ; 10, scale of comb,

, teeth; 9, appendages

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 169

with bluish metallic reflections. all joints faintly banded both apically and
basally. Venter of femora and tibiz pale, with white scales. Apical
banding of the hind tibize conspicuous; ungues equal and simple.
Abdomen black, speckled with grayish scales, base grayish, with black and
white scales, two black spots in the centre ; second segment with broad
basal creamy band expanding in the mid line into a square area ; third

segment with a narrow crescentic basal creamy area, the following
segments unbanded ; last two apicai ‘segments with faint basal bands.
All the abdominal segments bordered apically with long white hairs. (Fig.
25, 2.) Wings densely scaled, veins with thick median and broad lateral
scales, especially on the third and fourth long veins. Scales not mottled.
The first submarginal considerably longer and narrower than the second
posterior cell, stem only one-sixth the length of the cell. Stem of the
second posterior slightly larger than. half the cell ; posterior cross vein
rather more than its own length distant from the mid cross vein.

Length, 4-5 mm.

g .—Scale ornamentation of the head and thorax closely resembling
that of the @. Palpi exceeding the proboscis by the two terminal joints ;
terminal joints hairy and somewhat swollen, bearing many long hairs in a
row on each side; apex and base of the terminal joint white-scaled,
penultimate joint basally banded ; on the venter, a little below the apex,
there is a white scaled area. (Fig. 25, 3.) Antepenultimate joint with
two bands of white scales, the distal broader one a short interval below the
apex, at a point corresponding to the band on the proboscis ; the narrow
basal band a short distance above the base ; a row of black hairs along the
inner aspect ; apical region somewhat inflated. Abdomen, base white,
with two central black spots ; second segment with broad basal band
expanding laterally into wide areas, also centrally into two divergent
rounded areas. Third and following segments with basal bands expanding
at the sides ; scales of all the lateral areas brighter than those in the
middle portion of the bands, which are creamy ; two white spots in the
centre of the third and succeeding segments. (Fig. 25, 1.) Appendages
of the basal segment of clasp composed of a leaf-like organ and a broad
flattened hooked spine, also three simple straight spines. Apical
segment terminating in two blunt teeth, (Fig. 25, 5.) Ungues of the
fore and mid legs uniserrated and unequal, of the hind equal and simple.

Length, 4-5 mm.

170 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The following points were noted in the adult LAKVA : Autenne short,
truncate, nearly straight, smooth, entirely devoid of spines. Lateral tuft
represented by one short hair. A short lamella and several short spines
at the apex. (Fig. 25, 6.) Labial plate columnar, lateral teeth strongly
curved, upper nearly straight. (Fig. 25, 7.) Air tube short, a little
longer than broad (at the base), subconical ; row of pecten of eight curved

and spinous teeth, their serrations reduced to a row of fine elongated
spicules. (Fig. 25, 8, 8.) ight pairs of four-fid hairs are attached to
the central region of the tube pesteriorly, forming a characteristic cluster.
Scales of comb 15-20, each consisting of a thin oval basal plate
bordered with fine radiating hairs. (Fig. 25, 10.) Terminal portion of
the ninth segment completely encircled by a ring of chitin. Terminal
tufts of hairs springing from distinct plates; the upper tuft of only two
pairs of hairs, the lower of seven pairs, the latter feathered. Anal
papille very long narrow cylindrical, relatively larger than those of any
other Jamaican Culicid ; papillze stiffened with fine spiral chitinous
threads. (Fig. 25, 9.)

Pupa: siphons short, apertures bordered internally by many fine
branching hairs, ‘Terminal appendages broad, segments nearly equal ,
inid rib extending as a fine hair a short distance from the free margin. .

OpseRVAtTIONS.—A few living larve of this species, with some of
Culex secutor, Theo., were sent in September, 1905, by Major Hassard,
after whom I have named the species, collected by him from a tank at
Newcastle. They were easily distinguished by their pale straw-coloured
bodies and dark heads and siphons, The singular group of hairs at the
back of the siphon, and the very long anal papille at once attracted
attention. In January, 1906, I found some specimens in a water barrel
at the Government Botanic Garden at Castleton, alt. 500 feet, living har-
moniously with Stegomyia fasciata, Fab. The adult insects bred from these
bit vigorously. I have placed this species provisionally in the genus
Culex ; the characters of the larval siphons and antennz clearly point to
its being an aberrant form.

5. Howardina Walkeri, Theo.—This species is stated to cause much
annoyance during the day ; it abounds in woods, breeding in Bromelias.
I have already described the larva in my Monograph on the Culcide of
Jamaica; the following noteworthy points were omitted: two stout
branched hairs are present on the clypeus; the rays of the hair tufts on

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Lit

the body are flattened, and feathered along their margins. The pecten
rows extend through the whole length of the tube, a branched hair is
present on each side, about half way up; the chitinous covering of the
thorax and abdomen is densely covered with interlacing dendritic spicules.
The ungues of this species are as follows :

9. All equal and simple. 4. Fore tarsus unequal, Jarger claw
biserrate, the mid tooth blunt ; basal tooth narrow and pointed ; smaller
claw uniserrate. Mid tarsus unequal, larger claw biserrate, with a blunt

mid tooth ; smaller claw uniserrate. Hind tarsus, claws equal and
simple.

6. Howardina aureostriata, nov. sp.— §.. Proboscis black, slightly
curved downwards, rather long and narrow, three-quarters length of
abdomen. Palpi black, extremity of terminal joint golden-scaled, a few
golden scales on the upper median surface of the penultimate joint; under
surface of palpi speckled with gold scales. Antenne black, scattered gold
scales throughout its length, especially on the lower joints ; about three-
quarters length of proboscis. Clypeus black. (Fig. 26.) A narrow
median band of golden scales on the centre of the occiput,
two broad bands of golden scales on each side of the
occiput, the intervening spaces black-scaled ; a number of
upright forked scales on the nape ; scales- on the extreme
sides of the head silvery. Thorax black-scaled, with seven
rows of brilliant narrow curved golden scales, the outer-
most pair starting from the wing insertions, curving round
and bordering the mesonotum laterally and anteriorly ; the
next pair arise from the preceding near the anterior border
Fig. 20.” Howard: of the mesonotum, and run backward, terminating in the
prnamentation of lateral lobes of the scutellum; the innermost pair also

originate anteriorly, and course backwards, gradually
narrcwing, over three-quarters the length of the mesonotum. The
seventh row arises in the hinder third of the mesonotum, and terminates
on the posterior margin of the mid lobe of the scutellum. Prothorax with
brilliant silvery scales. Patches of silvery scales on the pleura. Scutellum
with a median and two lateral bands of goiden scales. Three long hairs
on each of the lateral lobes and four on the central lobe, Wings with
pale brown scales, the lateral ones long and narrow, median ones short
and obconical. First submarginal cell narrower and one-third of its length

172 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

longer than the second posterior cell, its stem less than half the length of
the cell ; stem of the second posterior as long as the cell ; posterior cross”
vein more than its own Jength behind the mid cross vein. Halteres with
white stems and brown knobs. Abdomen black-scaled, with violet
reflections ; first four segments with basal bands of golden scales ; all

segments apically bordered with long white hairs. Triangular patches of
silvery scales on the sides of the segments extending ventrally a short
distance. Venter with broad basal bands of golden scales on all the
segments except the last two. Legs black, with violet reflections, speckled
with golden scales, especially towards the extremities ; femora golden-
scaled on the under surface throughout their whole length, upper surface
golden-scaled near the base, a few silvery scales at the apices above
forming three spots, especially on the mid and hind legs. Tibize
ynbanded in all the legs. A narrow white basal band on the mid
metatarsus. Broad basal bands of silvery-white scales on the metatarsus
and first two tarsi of the hind legs. Ungues equal and simple.

Length, 2.5 mm.

¢ .—Palpi black, very long and narrow, extending about one-quarter
of their Jength beyond proboscis; three long black hairs at the extremities
of the terminal joints ; a few on the sides of the penultimate and at the
extreme apices of the antepenultimate joints ; a few golden scales at the
junction of the terminal and penultimate joints ; a conspicuous band of
golden scales at the lower third of the antepenultimate joint. Shaft of the
antenne conspicuously golden-scaled. ‘The median band of gold scales
on the occiput is divided into.two by a line of black scales. Abdomen
black, segments with long white hairs along the apical borders ; all
segments with silvery lateral areas ; in the last three segments these nearly
meet dorsally, forming basal bands. Venter with broad basal bands of
silvery scales, among which are a few golden scales along the mid line.
Ungues, of the fore leg, unequal, larger biserrated, smaller uniserrated ; of
the mid leg larger biserrated, smaller uniserrate ; of the hind leg simple
and equal.

Length, 2.5 mm.

Description of the adult Larva.—Seen in the breeding jar, it has an
almost transparent outline ; the head and siphon of a dull red colour.
When disturbed it displayed marked activity, retreating with great speed
to the dark side of the bottle, and hiding among the algze. Head nearly

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Lia

circular, dull red in colour; antenne transparent, slightly curved inwards,
gradually tapering to a blunt apex ; Jateral hair tuft reduced to a single
simple stout hair, one-quarter the length of antenna, arising about half
way up the shaft. Apex with four very short spines and a lamella ;
surface of shaft entirely devoid of spines. A pair of stout simple hairs on
clypeus. Mentum a wide angle of 20 rounded teeth. Several tufted

hairs on the upper surface of the head near the bases of the antenne.
Thorax and abdomen with scattered tufted hairs, rays 5-20 elongated,
jagged at the eyes, some obsoletely feathered ; lateral hairs feathered.
Comb of twelve stout straight spines in a- single row. Air tube sub-
cylindrical, about five times as long as broad (at the base), not swollen,
tapering gradually towards the summit. Pecten of two rows of simple
elongated spines, 24 in number, extending half way up the tube, with a
compound 2-3-fid hair situated at the upper extremity of each, about the
middle of the tube. Chitinous plate of ninth segment narrow, saddle-shaped,
widely open below, with long spines along its posterior border, a large
simple hair at the posterior inferior border (corresponding to the digitate
hair in A. Wadkert). Ventral group of hairs springing from a diamond-
shaped plate. Dorsal group of two pairs, one compound, with short
branches, the other pair simple and of great length. Anal papille
narrowly conical, one-third the length of the longest dorsal hairs. Pupa,
siphons long and narrow. ‘Terminal appendages ovate, nearly equally
divided by mid rib.

OBsERVATIONS.—The first specimen of this fine species was sent by
Colonel Loscombe in September, 1905. Recently three larve were found
among a number of 7. Wa/dkeri larve collected by Miss Maclaverty from

' Bromelias, and sent to me alive. ‘They were isolated and developed into

adult insects. The pupa stage in both this species and A. Wadlkeri is
unusually long—4 days. The chief points of difference between the two
species are to be found in the characters of the frontal hairs, hair tufts and
siphons. The chitinous covering of the thorax and abdomen of JZ.
aureostriata is entirely devoid of the spicules so conspicuous in //,
Walkeri, which give the latter its dark appearance.

7. Dendromyia? nov. sp.—A much-broken specimen of 2 was sent
by Colonel Loscombe, not in a condition to allow of a satisfactory
description. ‘The mid legs have triangular basal areas of white scales
quite unlike any other species of the genus.

174 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

NEW LEPIDOPTERA.—No. 2.
RY ANDREW GRAY WEEKS, JR., BOSTON.

thilla Buffumi, sp. nov.—Habitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Ex-
panse, 1.25 inches.

Head and palpi above dark brown, with a few gray hairs ; below
nearly white. Thorax and abdomen the same above as head; below
gray. Antenne nearly black, with indistinct white annulations at base of
each joint. Club, above black, beneath grayish. Legs light brown, with
slight white annulations at joints.

Upper side of fore wing dark brown, heavily dusted with grayish at
basal and inner marginal areas. The apical area shows none of this
dusting except as slight suffusion from basal side. A series of very
prominent semi-transparent white spots extends from centre of costa across
the end of discoidal space towards lower angle. ‘The first two of these
are simply subcostal spots. The next lower is large, covering the entire
end of discoidal space. Below this is another large spot, and between
these, nearer the hind margin in first submedian interspace, is another
but smaller spot. Near the apex are two white subcostal dots. The
basal portion of discoidal space has a dark band extending downwards to
the centre of inner margin. A similar dark band extends from below the
apical subcostal spots to the inner margin just outside the large white
spots. These are often indistinct, but show their permanent character in
their extension through the hind wing. The marginal fringe is generous,
but of the ground colour.

Upper side of hind wing is same. in colour as fore wing, but the
grayish hairs and scales quite cover the entire surface. A dark band
runs from centre of costa across the wing to inner margin, just above the
anal angle, following contour of the hind margin. Nearer the base, and
barely crossing the centre of discoida!l space, is a similar band. ‘These

two bands, as above noted, are continuations of the dark markings or
bands of fore wing.

Under side of fore wing dark brown. The large white spots are
more contiguous, more as a band. The two subcostal dots are repeated.
The lower angle area is lighter than ground colour, a branch of it
extending upwards through the apical area to the costa.

These markings are not prominent, and are softened by suffusion.

Under side of hind wing dark brown, the dark bands of upper
surface being repeated, but showing more suffusion. Inner marginal area
lighter than ground colour,

Taken in January, rgoo.
May, 1906,

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Pamphila Bryanti, sp. noy.—Habitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Ex-
panse, 1.25 inches.

Head and thorax above rich dark brown, with hairs of a somewhat-
greenish tinge; below light brown or mouse colour. Abdomen above
the same; below mouse colour, tending to white along central line.
Antenne nearly black above; below the same, suffusing to light brown
towards the club. Legs mouse colour.

Upper side of fore wing rich dark brown above, with five or six white
markings. ‘The costa is well dusted with goiden scales from base midway
to apex. Hind margin has a slight whitish fringe. In apical area are
two subcostal white dots. Below these, in centre of wing, are two large
white spots, one above the other, and in interspace below, but nearer base,
is a much larger white spot.

Upper side of hind wing rich dark brown. From upper angle to
anal angle is a line of scattered non-prominent lighter hairs. Hind margin
has a slight whitish fringe. The central portion of the wing, covering
discoidal space area, has a decidedly dark line in some lights, hardly
noticeable on casual inspection.

Under side of fore wing dark brown, without the richness of upper
surface. The white spots are repeated, being, as in many of this genus,
semitransparent. Costa slightly dusted with lighter scales. Inner
marginal area darker than rest of the wing. Hind margin is edged with a
black thread.

Under side of hind wing the same colour as fore wing. The line of
lighter hairs of upper surface extending from upper angle across centre of
wing towards anal angle and parallel to hind margin, appears as a line of
interspacial dots, not well defined, but fairly prominent.

Variations.—In a few specimens there is a white dot at end of
discoidal space on upper surface of fore wing, and also a third but minute
subcostal dot. The white markings show scarcely any variations, how-
ever, in the specimens in my collection.

Taken in January, 1900.

Pamphila Chinoba, sp. noy.—Habitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Ex-
panse, 1.12 inches.

. Head, thorax, abdomen and legs dark brown above : beneath gray.
Antenne dark brown, with gray on under side at club.

Upper side of fore wing dark brown, with no markings excepting

interspacial dark spots along hind margin. .

176 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Upper side of hind wing the same as fore wing, excepting that the
hind marginal interspacial dark spots are more pronounced, and the edge
of the margin is a little lighter than ground colour.

Under side of fore wing light brown, close to mouse colour, The
costal area shows a tendency to some lustre. The hind margin is edged
with a black thread and a narrow border of gray. ‘The interspacial dark
spots of the upper surface of hind margin are repeated, but not
prominently. Inner marginal area grayish,

Under side of hind wing brownish gray, mottled with slight inter-
spacial streaks of darker colour. From the costa near upper angle an
irregular dark band runs across to near the centre of inner margin.
Another branch of this band extends from the same. point on the costa
down to the anal angle along the hind margin. Outside of this are
repeated the interspacial dark spots of upper surface, being black and
very prominent. The inner marginal area is light gray, with slight
mottling towards anal angle. The hind margin has a dark thread.

Variations.—In many specimens the marginal interspacial dark spots
are practically wanting on upper surface. The hind margin is occasionally
well bordered with gray hairs. Also there is a suggestion of three
subcostal white spots on the fore wing, but none of the twenty specimens
in my collection show them at all conspicuously. The under side shows
but little variation except in the distinctness and depth of colouring of the
dark bands.

Taken in August, 1900. :

Achlyodes Melchert, sp. nov.—Hahbitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Ex-
panse, 1.35 inches.

Head, thorax, abdomen, antenne and legs rich dark brown (nearly
black) abeve ; beneath a shade lighter.

Upper side of fore wing rich dark brown, nearly black. ‘Towards the
apical and hind marginal areas the colouring becomes somewhat lighter,
sufficient to show a series of dark interspacial markings along the hind
margin. Within this, running from costa towards centre of hind margin,
is another series of similar dark markings, forming a band. Still nearer
base, and crossing end of discoidal space, is a suggestion of another dark
band. These dark markings are so indistinct in a fresh specimen that

they would be seen with difficulty. In worn or faded specimens they
would, undoubtedly, be quite prominent.

Upper side of hind wing very rich dark brown. From the upper
angle to anal angle extends a series of interspacial lighter dashes,

_—_

orate

an Wore

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Wag

following contour of the margin, and above these, near end of discoidal
space, are two slight dashes also. ‘These markings are almost too
indistinct to warrant mention.

Hind margins of both wings have a slight fringe of ground colour.

Under side of fore wing dark brown, but lighter and less rich than
upper surface. The suggestions of dark markings are repeated. Inner
marginal area a little lighter than balance of wing.

Under side of hind wing the same dark brown, the lighter markings
of upper surface being repeated. The basal area has a few indistinct
mottlings.

A coloured plate of a species like this is absolutely necessary for
anything approaching accurate identification, and a plate will be duly
published at a later date.

It may resemble 4de/yodes casta/us, Hew., but that has three subapical
light spots, which do not appear at all in this, and on close inspection of
the scale distribution on under side of hind wing, considerable difference
will be noticed.

Taken in November, 1899.

Plestia Kikkawai, sp. nov.—Habitat: Suapure, Venezuela. Ex-
panse, 1.25 inches.

Head, thorax and abdomen above dark brown, with a few grayish
hairs. Circles of grayish hairs at base of each segment of abdomen.
There is a white dot at base of each antenna. Antenne dark brown, tip
beneath gray. Legs nearly white.

Upper side of fore wing dark brown, with nine white spots or
markings, giving the wing almost a mottled appearance. The largest of
these is at centre of discoidal space, strongly concaved on marginal side.
BeJow this, in the next two lower interspaces, are two white spots. ‘This
row of spots is edged with very dark brown on basal side. Near the end
of discoidal space, near costa, is a small white spot. There are two larger
white spots or markings in the first and second submedian interspaces,
both of them more or less concaved on marginal side. There are three
apical white dots. Below them, near lower angle, is a_ well-defined
marking of very dark.

Upper side of hind wing is dark brown. Costa and portion of
discoidal space close to base crossed by a heavy white band. Below this,

near centre of wing, is a prominent white spot, with a smaller one
adjoining it. A band of very light brown extends on each side of these
spots towards upper angle and inner margin respectively, giving the

178 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

appearance of a series of brownish spots. The hind margin, which is
somewhat dentated and enlarged at anal angle, has a very irregular and
jagged line of light brown, forming a series of interspacial light brown
spots, extending from anal angle to upper angle.

Under side of fore wing brown, somewhat lighter than upper surface,
and with less lustre. ‘The white spots are repeated, showing more trans-
parency. ‘The lower submedian interspace and the inner marginal area
are lighter than the ground colour.

Under side of hind wing brown, a shade darker than fore wing. ‘The
white and brown markings of upper surface are repeated, but are all white.
The hind margin has a slight whitish line.

Variations.—In some specimens the light brown marginal border or
series of interspacial spots noted on upper surface of hind wing is
continued upwards across marginal area of fore wing, but it is so variable
in its definiteness that it may be considered a distinct band in some
specimens, or a mere suffusion in others. ‘he small discoidal spot of fore
wing is often joined to the larger one in the discoidal space.

Taken in January, 1900.

SELIDOSEMA UMBROSARIUM, HUBNER.
BY RICHARD F. PEARSALL, BROOKLYN, N. Y.

In a recent paper on the ‘ Lepidoptera of the Kootenai District”
(page 910), Dr. H. G. Dyar remarks of this species: ‘‘No specimens ;
one from Mr. Cockle’s collection. The specimen agrees with two in the
National Museum, bearing Dr. Packard’s original labels, ‘ Boarmia
indicataria, Comp., Walker’s type,’ and ‘ Loarmia umbrosaria, Hbn., &.
gnophosaria, Gn ,’ the specimens originally coming from the Meske and
Riley collections. They are males, and show a hair pencil on the hind
tibia, so I transfer wmbrosaria to Cleora, following Hulst’s separation of
Cleora and Selidosema.”

In this conclusion I cannot concur, having raised from larvie, when in
Florida, one male and three females of this species, the male having wo hair
pencil, and an exact counterpart of Packard’s figure of the type (Mono.
Geom., Plate XI, fig. 23), which came from Demopolis, Ala. When at Cam-

bridge I examined this type, which proved that it was correctly placed in
Selidosema. With it under this name were perhaps twenty specimens, six
of which were the true wmbrosarium, the rest being a species I take
frequently in the Catskill Mts., belonging in the genus C/Zeova, and at that

time without name.in my collection, On my return home I sent one of
May, 1906,

g

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 179

these to Mr. L. B. Prout, thinking it might be one of Walker’s species.
He writes me that it is the ¢zd@icataria, Walk., the type of which is in the
Brutish Museum, comparison having been made with it. Here, I think
we have the explanation of Dr. Dyar’s reference of wbrosarium to Cleora,
but why he should ignore the name zd@icafaria, since one was so labelled,
I cannot explain. ‘The Nat. Mus. specimens bear Dr. Packard’s labels,
and as he mingled the two species in his collection, it is quite probable
that he distributed them also under one name. Uwmébrosarium is more
heavily powdered with black, while ¢éwdicataria is gray, but rubbed
specimens of the former might be taken for the latter. Probably they are
mingled in most collections, but I find wmérosartum rather rare. Recently
I have obtained three males and two females from Atlanta, Ga., and am
inclined to the belief that its habitat is more strictly southern than is
generally supposed, while ¢zdcataria is found throughout the temperate
zone. The localities given by Dr. Packard (Mono., page 441) refer
mostly to zwd@icataria, and his remarks partly to one and partly to the
other species.

Dr. Hulst places Polygrammaria, Pack., as a synonym of Cleora
indicataria, Walk. ‘This is an error. The type in the Packard collection
is a male having wo hair pencil, and belongs to Se/:dosema.

Before me is a male taken in Arizona, which I conclude is this
species. . it agrees exactly with Packard’s description and plate, and in
the points to which he calls attention in his remarks. Many of the
species of Adcis, Cleora and Selidosema are incorrectly placed, as
evidenced by their structure. For instance, Haydenata is not an Adcis,
having wo hair pencil; Dr. Hulst created the genus Somatolophia, which
he states is without hair pencil, and places as its type what I believe to be
this species. i cannot account for the “tufts on first and third
segments ” of abdomen, which certainly are present in that specimen, and
not in any other which I have examined, except that it is or was freshly
emerged, and the tufts had not been rubbed off. I know by experience
in raising Geometrids that these tufts are detached by a slight wind or

touch. Dr. Dyar some time ago called attention to this genus, and says
‘both genus and species must fall.” Perhaps if Haydenata is not an
Alcis, it way remain as a Somatolophia. Until these groups can be
studied and rearranged, this had better stand, however, until a decision
can be reached by a study of a//. Again, Dr. Hulst places in the genus
Epimects, Hub., our large Geometrid Virginaria, Cram. He charac-
terizes the genus as w/thout hair pencil in male. If that be correct, then
our species is ot an Lfpimecis, since it Aas a hair pencil.

180 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

BOOK NOTICES

BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH COLUMBIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SociETy.—No. 1,
March, 1906 (Quarterly).

We heartily welcome this first pabiiention by our friends in British

Columbia. It is intended to be a medium of communication between the
widely-scattered members of the Society in that Province, and will no
doubt prove a useful bond of sympathy in each others work. ‘The
four pages now issued give an outline of what has already been done in
several orders, and a first instalment of a list of B. C. Coleoptera, com-
prising the Coccinellide; they also furnish the proceedings of the
Society, notes and records, etc. The number is useful and interesting,
and the publication will soon prove indispensable to all who study or
collect the insect fauna of our Pacific Coast Province. There is a vast
field of territory to be explored, and important discoveries will soon
reward the painstaking investigator.

REPORT OF THE EXPERIMENTAL FARMS OF ‘THE DOMINION FOR 1905.
Ottawa, 1906, pp. 461.

This goodly volume contains the reports for the past year of the
Director and other officers of the various Experimental Farms scattered
over the Dominion. While all contain much matter of general interest
and of great value to the farming community, we are chiefly attracted to
that of the Entomologist and Botanist, Dr. James Fietcher (pp. 159-204),
in which he treats of insects affecting cereals, fodder crops, roots and
vegetables, fruit crops, forest and shade trees, and in the Botanical part of
the Dodder on clover and alfalfa. Among those specially deait with may
be mentioned the Hessian Fly, the Pea Moth (Semasia nigricana), the
Spined Rustic (Larathra occidentata), which has hitherto been considered
a rare moth, but whose larvee appeared in numbers at Ottawa, and did
niuch damage to various plants ; its life-history is described, and a plate
given showing the moth and caterpillars in different stages. The Larch
Case-bearer (Coleophora laricella) is another instance of an insect that
had not previously been recorded as injurious.

A large number of other insects are more or less fully described, and
practical directions for dealing with them are given. We are glad to
receive the report so early in the year, enabling all concerned to deal with
their insect foes as they appear. ‘Too often it happens, through delays in
printing, that reports of this kind come out too Jate to be of use during
the season for which they are intended. We are thankful to Dr. Fletcher
for giving us in so concise and excellent a form the results of his labour
and experience during the past year.

Mailed May 2nd, 1906.

- - =

CAN. ENT., VOL. XXXVI, PLATE II,

INCISALIA IRUS, GODT.

The G anatiay Fontomalogist

Von. XXXVIIT. LONDON, JUNE, 1906. No. 6

STUDIES IN THE GENUS INCISALIA.
BY JOHN H. COOK, ALBANY, N. Y.

INCISALIA IRUS. .(Continued from page 144.)

Hymenopterous parasite—On April 13th, 1906, chrysalis No. 112
gave birth to an ichneumon fly, which Mr. D. B. Young has kindly
identified for me as Anomalon pseudargiolt.

An error corrected.—In 1881, Mr. W. H. Edwards published in
Papilio (Vol. I, pp. 150-152) a “description of the preparatory stages of
Thecla Henrici,’ a specimen of which he succeeded in raising from one
of a number of eggs laid on plum by an imprisoned female. Dr. Scudder,
who failed to find characters warranting the separation of crus and
Henrici, quotes this description in his ‘Butterflies of the Eastern United
States and Canada” as referring to ¢rws, and, strangely enough, this error
has been copied in all subsequent literature, even where the author
recognizes the specific validity of Henrict. For example, in Dr. Holland’s
“Butterfly Book” we read that ‘‘an epitome of all that is known (of zrws)
is to be found in ‘The Butterflies of New England.’ The caterpillar feeds
on young plums just after the leaves of the blossom have dropped away.”
And in the next section, “these (the early stages of /Zenrict) have been
described by Edwards in the ‘American Naturalist’ (Vol. XVI, p. 123).
The habits of the larva are identical with those of the preceding species.”
It so happens that the short note in the ‘American Naturalist” is merely
a second statement of the facts published in Papilio (noted above), from
which Dr. Scudder quoted his description and applied it to zrus. Thus
has arisen much confusion as to the propriety of regarding Henrici as a
species, and misapprehension concerning the larva of érus and its food.*
Let it then be understood that the only published account of the early
stages of this species, except Scudder’s description and figures of the egg,
is that found in the ‘“‘Lépidoptéres de Amérique Septentrionale” (Paris,
1833), tome 1, p. 102.

*The foot-note on page 142 of the current volume of THE CANADIAN ENTO-
MOLOGIST (May) is, therefore, a misstatement,

182 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Boisduval’s description.—Boisduval has there described the mature
larva from the notes of John Abbot as follows: ‘It is of a yellowish-
green, with two broken dorsal lines, a lateral line and eight oblique dashes
of a slightly darker green.” The figure given bears out the text. The
chrysalis, according to this author, is “ferruginous, furnished with little
hairs, with two darker longitudinal lines.” In the plate it is much too
dark to admit of being called ferruginous. It is further stated that “in
Georgia this species (larva?) is found, though rarely, on several species of
Vaccinium.”

In comparing the description of the caterpillar with that herewith
given, it must be borne in mind that Abbot evidently regarded the lighter
tint as the ground colour, the darker areas as markings ; while I have
considered the reverse to be the case.

Larva at birth.—asily distinguished from new-born xzphonu by the
inconspicuousness of the short, nearly straight, backward-directed bristles
of the laterodorsal series, which in mzphon are black. Body pale yellow,
hairs colourless, laterodorsal bristles a little dusky. Spiracles and dorsal
shield pale yellowish-brown. Head yellowish, with a brown labrum and
black ocellar fields. Length, 1.26 mm. Exact duration of the first stage
not determined accurately, certainly something less than three days.

Second stage.—Body relatively broader, light green; substigmatal
fold more pronounced ; hairs relatively shorter, more numerous, buff or
light brown ; head yellow-green. Otherwise, as in previous stage. The
larvee which have been feeding upon pollen are dull orange or brownish,
those which have eaten the white carina are very pale green. By giving
them only the pistil and stamens for food they regain the usual colour.
From 7 to ro days after birth the caterpillar comes out of the flower and
spins a silken mat. Upon this it may remain as much as two days before
the skin is cast.

Penultimate stage.—Length just after the second moult, at rest, 3.7
mm.; extended, 4.1 mm. Head brilliant green to dirty yellow-green.
Spiracles and dorsal shield a little browner than before. General colour
pale green, nearer the violet end of the spectrum than the green of the
preceding stage, marked with a weaker tint of the same colour as follows:
A slender mediodorsal line extending from the posterior edge of the third
thoracic to the anterior edge of the eighth abdominal segment. On either
side of this and separated from it by a narrow line of green more dusky
than on any other part of the body, a rather broad stripe interrupted by

«.¥ jocenetie

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 183

the incisures. These stripes meet on the anterior part of the third thoracic
segment, and are progressively reduced from the fifth to eighth abdominal
segments. There is also a line running along the substigmatal fold from
the third thoracic to the last abdominal segment, and an obscure spot on
each of the first six abdominal segments above the spiracle line. Plate 2,
fig. 1, shows the dorsal aspect of the larva immediately after the second
moult.

The final moult occurs when the caterpillar has attained a length of
about 8.3 mm., but no definite period can be set as the duration of this
stage, its length depending greatly upon the health and appetite of the
individual. The same is true of the stage immediately preceding pupa-
tion, though in general it may be stated that when a caterpillar has had an
unusually long penultimate stage the ultimate stage is abbreviated. This
last moult is accomplished within twenty-four hours.

Ultimate stage—Scarcely different from preceding stage. Head
gray-green, sometimes more or less yellowish. Dorsal shield inconspicu-
ous, light brown near the incisure, shading to creamy-white on its anterior
margin. Mediodorsal stripe, dorsal and substigmatal lines as_ before.
From first to eighth abdominal segment a series of oblique dashes of the
lighter tint, one to a segment, meeting the dorsal line just back of the
anterior incisure and running downward and backward almost to the
spiracle line. These are well developed only on the second, third, fourth,
fifth and sixth abdominal segments, where they are sometimes accom-
panied by a small spot beneath and in front.

Jariation.—The larve are remarkably constant, the only variation
being in the relative values of the two tints. The lighter of these is
occasionally so lacking in chroma as to appear by contrast almost white.
Usually the difference is slight, and the markings in ‘consequence are
obscure. I endeavoured to raise this species on Vaccinium to determine
how much variation might be due to a difference in the food. My failure
was conspicuous ; fifteen caterpillars just from the egg died rather than
touch corymbosum, vacillans or pennsylvanicum, and others, further
developed, placed upon these plants forsook them immediately. With
the same purpose I furnished an equal number of newly-born larve with
plum twigs. One only found the young fruit to its liking ; the others died
without making any attempt to feed. The single exception lived to
complete the second moult. The ground colour was a little deeper and
of a more bluish-green, the markings nearly white. This is the larva

184 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

from which fig. 1 was drawn. It is not typical, and was sketched merely
to assist in determining the nature and extent of the markings, which are
more or less elusive in ordinary specimens. oie
Length of larval life-—Only two caterpillars were reared from egg to
chrysalis. One born on May 16th pupated June roth. The other, born

May 15th, pupated June r4th. The length of larval existence may there-
fore be stated to be about 25 or 30 days.

The chrysalis.—As stated previously, the caterpillar forms a rude
shelter of such light material as it may be able to find. In nature it
doubtless drops or crawls to the ground when fully grown, and searches
for a spot suitable for a winter residence. It may wander some distance,
for the restless period immediately preceding pupation is several days in
length, and as much as a week may elapse between the last meal and the
formation of a chrysalis.

The shape of the chrysalis is shown in detail in the plate. Fig. 2
exhibits the dorsal aspect, fig. 3 the ventral, fig. 4 the lateral, fig. 5 the
anterior, and fig. 6 the posterior. These are drawn from the same
specimen.

In his “Brief Guide to the Commoner Butterflies” Scudder states that
the chrysalis has “a slender dorsal ridge on mesothorax.” The same
statement is made in the descriptions of ziphon and augustus, and in the
key which precedes the descriptive text this “slender ridge” is given as a
generic character. I fail to find any mention ofa ridge in W. H. Edwards’s
description of the chrysalis of Henricz, nor does Hy. Edwards say anything
of it when describing what he believed to be augustus. I am ata loss to
account for the statement. The ridge is certainly not found in zrus.

As may be‘seen from the figures, the chrysalis is covered with short
hairs, except on the wing-cases, the face, legs, tongue, antennz and the
ventral surface of the abdomen. ‘The whole surface is covered by raised
lines, which on the abdomen and thorax are definite in arrangement, and
form a fairly regular reticulation, elsewhere they appear like wrinkles in
the heavy chitinous shell. This ornamentation is pronounced, and renders
difficult the determination of the various brown spots which cover the
chrysalis. The thoracic spiracle is dull straw-yellow and conspicuous ;
the abdominal spiracles may be, for the same reason, visible to the naked
eye, or may be inconspicuous because concolorous with their surroundings.
The ocellar ribbon is black.

Ps eas OLS

en

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 185

The ground colour is ordinarily brownish yellow, in some specimens
with an olivaceous tinge, in others very dull and grimy. This is some-
times nearly uniform over the whole pupa ; again, it may be darker on
the abdomen. In one specimen the ground colour ventrally is ruddier
than it is elsewhere. The surface is marked by irregular blotches of dark
brown, sometimes nearly black. . These blotches are largest on the
abdominal dorsum, where they usually obscure the ground colour to a
greater or less extent ; on the thoracic dorsum they are moderately large,
do not, as a rule, cover the field so completely, and with it stand in
sharper contrast. Spots smaller and scattered below the spiracle line on
the first four abdominal segments, usually absent on the abdomen
ventrally. On the wing-cases, head, tongue, legs and antennz these
markings are reduced to minute, nearly circular, dots (though several may
blend together), distributed sparsely. In some individuals there is a series
of shallow pits on the first five abdominal segments (pussibly wanting on
the first), situated midway between the spiracles and the mediodorsal line,
one toa segment. These are black when they appear, but seem to be
absent in most cases.

When the ground colour is darker and the blotches larger than usual
the chrysalis may appear almost black. Figs. 7, 8 and g show the
maculation in this species.

When the imago emerges in the spring the mesothorax and meta-
thorax of the chrysalis shell split along the mediodorsal line, the prothorax
usually comes away entire, and the metathorax and wing-cases to the
fourth abdominal segment separate from the abdomen.

A SYNONYM.

In THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, March, 1905, I published the
description of an apparently new mosquito, giving it the generic name
O’Reillia. Shortly afterwards Mr. Theobald referred to one of his new
genera as having “heart-shaped” wing-scales, and as that was a fairly good
description of the wing-scales in O’Rec//ia I suspected I had inadvertently
described Mr. Theobald’s genus.

Recent correspondence with Mr. Theobald has confirmed me in this
opinion, and I hasten to make acknowledgment — O’Rie//ia, Ludlow,
must sink as a synonym of Lvorleptiomyia, Theobald.—[C. S. Lup.ow,
Laboratory of the Office of the Surgeon-General U.S. Army, Washington,
iDEN Ge

186 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

PRACTICAL AND POPULAR ENTOMOLOGY.—No. 14.
WorK FOR JUNE.—CATERPILLAR HUNTING.
BY ARTHUR GIBSON, DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY, CENTRAL EXPERIMENTAL
FARM, OTTAWA.

Everyone interested in the study of insect life eagerly awaits the
approach of spring. It is at that time, probably more than at any other,
that the keenest interest is shown in the subject by the majority of our
collectors. How often, however, one begins enthusiastically in spring to
collect insects of a// kinds, becomes fascinated with the work and within a
very short time gathers together a collection worthy of some notice ; but,
frequently, as the season advances, the interest begins to lag and soon
something else takes the attention and the subject is dropped. Many a
good beginning is thus ended. The month of June is distinctly the time
of greatest interest to study the life-histories of insects. Many collectors,
while continually adding specimens to their collections throughout the

season, pay little attention to their habits or try to discover any new facts
concerning their life-histories. The work of many of our collectors would
be rendered more attractive and much more valuable if they would only
take time to give a little attention to the early stages of the insects which
they collect or study in the perfect state. This short article is merely a
plea to beginners or collectors of a few years, to take up some special
branch of the work in the hope of finding out new facts which, while
adding much to their own pleasure, will also be of use to others who may
be making a more critical or extended study in the same order of insects,

Taking it for granted, then, that the beginner, or even the collector of
some years, wishes to pay special attention to butterflies and moths, late
spring is a splendid time to hunt for their caterpillars. There is a fascina-
tion about rearing insects to the perfect state which is never experienced
in the ordinary collecting of the imagoes. Then, besides, there is the charm
of discovering some new fact which was hitherto unrecorded. Many of
our caterpillars pass the winter in a half or full grown condition, and if
collected in May and June soon become mature and change to the pupal
state. Thus in a very short period the beginner will gain much experience
which will be of service to him when endeavoring to trace out the complete
life-history of a species. Even if his chief desire is to obtain perfect speci-
mens, he will be well repaid with the result of his labours,

June, 1906

sical

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 187

As the Rev, Dr. Fyles mentioned in the April popular article, many
caterpillars hibernate under pieces of board, flat stones, etc., in fields and

open places in woods. Along the grassy sides of railroad tracks there are
usually numbers of strips of bark,
broken pieces of plank, etc., and if
these are examined, many noctuid and
arctiid larvae can be found. At

=F —— A) Ottawa, in early May, we place pieces
=———==______. of plank, bark, etc., along roadsides
Fig. 27.—A noctuid caterpillar, and in open spets in woods. These

make excellent traps for larve which have hibernated and which, after
feeding during the night crawl under such shelters to hide during the day.
The traps are visited every day or so, and a great many specimens are
found. lLarve collected in this way should be kept separately in some
kind of small jar or tin box. Ordinary small glass jelly jars are very use-
ful for this purpose. The object of keeping each caterpillar by itself is
to be sure of its identity when the moth emerges. Ifa number are put
into the same small jar, some will likely be eaten by the others, especially
if there is not plenty of food in the jar. Some earth should be put in the
bottom of each jar for those larvee which pupate in the ground. Fresh
food should be given every day and care taken to keep the jars clean.
When the caterpillars are found, full notes should be taken on their length,
appearance and habits. There is a vast lack of definite knowledge on the
early stages of many of our common caterpillars, so it is important to take
complete notes.

If at all possible, at least one specimen of each kind should be pre-
served for future reference and study. This is best done by inflation, and
specimens thus prepared are more valuable than those put in liquids.
Proper apparatus may be purchased from dealers in entomological supplies,
such as: an oven, in which to dry the empty skins while being inflated ; a
spirit lamp to furnish heat ; some glass tubes drawn out to different sizes
at one end ; some clips made of watch spring and held to the glass tubes
by means of a band cut from rubber tubing ; a double rubber bulb with
about three feet of tubing attached; and a pair of fine curved forceps.
The process, briefly, is to (1) kill the caterpillar in a cyanide bottle ; (2)
place it on a piece of blotting paper, cover it with a strip of the same paper,
and gently press out all the body contents through the anal orifice, using the
pair of fine forceps ; (3) slip the anal segment over one of the glass

188 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

tubes, fastening it with one or two of the spring clips; (4) connect the
glass tube to the tubing of the double bulb and inflate the larval skin by
gently squeezing the outside bulb, at the same time, with the other hand,
holding the caterpillar in the oven to dry. When perfectly dry, the larva
should be carefully removed from the glass tube and mounted with shellac
on fine wire, one end of which should be first wound several times around
an insect pin. Naturally, at first, specimens will be spoiled, but with care

good results will soon be obtained. It is best to begin with hairless
larvee.

After the month of June, many caterpillars which have hatched from
eggs laid during spring, can easily be collected by beating them off trees
and shrubs of almost all kinds. Specially-made beating-nets may be_pur-
chased from dealers in entomological supplies, but, for the needs of the
beginner, an old umbrella held upside down, does very well. The umbrella
should be held beneath part of the plant with one hand, while the larve
are beaten from the foliage into it, by means of a light stick held in the
other hand.

When hunting caterpillars in May and June, cocoons and pupe of a
number of different species of moths will be found
beneath boards, dry stumps, etc. The cocoons of
the two Halisidota Tussock Moths shown here will
often be met with. These latter, which are oval
brownish cocoons, if saved and brought into the

house will soon give the perfect insects. It may be,
however, that some will be parasitized, and instead Fi8-28.—Malisidota carye.
of producing moths, tachina flies some-
what like the ordinary house-fly, except
in size, or four-winged ichneumon flies
will be seen in our breeding cages.
Such surprises, however, are not always
disappointments, as a knowledge of our

parasitic, or beneficial, species is of much
value. Were it not for these parasitic
forms, our native species of injurious insects would soon multiply enor-
mously and quickly destroy all vegetation,

Fig. 29..—Halisidota maculata, Harris.

et TA

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 189

LIFE-HISTORIES OF NORTH-AMERICAN WATER-BUGS.
BY J. R. DE LA TORRE BUENO, NEW YORK.

At every turn, since beginning my studies in the aquatic Hemiptera
some four years ago, my attempts to verify some observation have been
balked by the extreme meagreness of the information on the subject
running all through the field of entomological literature. © This lack is far
more noticeable with regard to the immature stages of the Cryptocerata
and of the aquatic and semi-aquatic forms of the Gymnocerata. As a
result, my general work has been in the neglected field of investigations in
life-histories and habits, rather than in the more commonly accepted form
of labour on classification and systematic phylogenetics. During this
period a number of partial experiments, more or less unsuccessful, were
made, until in the past year, 1905, four species were completely worked
out in the full life-cycle from the ovum to the mature Hemipteron. In
the following pages will be given in quite a little detail the results of my
experiments in raising Lelostoma fluminea, Say, Ranatra quadridentata,
Stal., MWicrovelia americana, Uhler, and AVicrovelia pulchella ? Westwood

(Uhler).
i

Life-history of Be/ostoma fluminea, Say.

It is a familiar fact to all collectors of the Hemiptera, that in a
number of the genera of the family Be/ostomatide (the genera Le/ostoma,
Latreille, Abedus, Mayr, Diplonychus, Laporte, and Hydrocirius, Spinola),
the ova are borne on the back, covering the hemelytra. Uhler’ records
this fact without committing himself-as to the sex of the bug, but for long
(in fact, from the very beginning of entomology until within not more than
six Or seven years) it was held that the egg-bearers were females, and that
the ova were deposited on its own back by each female. Authors have
even gone to the extent of describing the process at length, going into
details of ‘‘a long protrusile ovipositor which the insect can extend over
her own back.’”?

This absurdity has had a large circulation, although how so flat and

broad an insect could carry concealed within itself a necessarily bulky
organ such as that imagined, has not to my knowledge been satisfactorily

1. Standard Natural History, Insects, p. 258.

2. Léon Dufour, Essai Mongraphique sur les Belostomides, Ann. Soc. Ent.
Fr., 1863, Vol. III, p. 378. Dimmock, Belostomidz and other Fish-destroying
Bugs, Ann. Rep. Fish and Game Comm., Mass., 1886, p. 71. Comstock, Intro-
duction to the Study of Insects, 1888, p. 189 ; Manual for the Study of Insects
1899, p- 131 ; Insect Life, 1899, p. 133.

June, 1906

L90 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

explained. Dr. David Sharp calls attention to Dimmock’s hitherto
accepted statement, and states that Schmidt found the egg-bearers in
Diplonychus were all males.’ It was an American woman, Miss F. W.
Slater,’ who finally established the fact that the female seized the male
forcibly and converted him into an animated portable incubator, an
observation noted by Dr. L. O. Howard in his Insect Book, p. 279. I
have observed the process several times in my aquaria, although not from
the very beginning. The female places herself on top of the male, her
thorax extending outward and her legs hooked under him ; now, starting
somewhere near the middle and sidling along every little while, she works
her way around him as she fastens her eggs on his back by means of the
waterproof glue secreted for that purpose. The male all the while hangs
from the surface, back up, with his legs curled up under him, bravely
bearing up under his burden. The egg-bearing male, however, like others
of the same sex, dislikes exceedingly this forced servitude, and does all he
- can to rid himself of his burden. From time to time he passes his third
pair of legs over the dorsum, apparently in an endeavour to accomplish
his purpose. In general, however, he keeps to his position at the surface,
and every now and then moves up and down quite rapidly with a peculiar
springy motion. If he is not able to get rid of it, as sometimes happens,
he carries his burden till in due time, some ten days or so, all the little
ones are emerged, when he at last frees himself from it. This egg-bearing
of the male, I imagine, is for the purpose of protecting the ova from the
voracious appetites of the adults. I have observed males that succeeded
in casting off the unhatched ova seize them and greedily suck them. The
females, also, are not free from this vice. A peculiar fact in connection
with the phenomena of oviposition-is that copulation takes place while the
function is being performed, the female interrupting her labours to approach
the male.

As development progresses, the ovum swells and lengthens. In
emerging, the young nymph escapes through a lid at the top of the egg,
and when all, or at least the greater part, of the ova are empty, the male
casts off the entire mass of shells, and goes about his business. The

same female may again burden him, and so far as aquarium observations
go, she deposits several batches of eggs, averaging from 25 to 125° each,
so she may become the mother of a progeny running into the hundreds.

3. Cambridge Natural History, Insects, Part II, p. 566.
4. American Naturalist, 1899, pp. 931-933.
5. Dimmock says (I. c.) about 175.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 191

From four or five batches of ova numbering about 200 all told, three
adults were obiained, which took respectively 43, 53 and 54 days to
arrive at maturity, from the date of oviposition, the last being unduly long
in the last nymphal instar. It is, therefore, evident that several broods
are possible in the course of one summer. ‘There are five nymphal
instars, or seven altogether in the full life-cycle from the egg to the adult.
The adults overwinter, burying themselves in the mud of their haunts, and
they may sometimes be found in warm days in early spring’ all covered
with mud and lethargic, perched on some rock on the shore, in the sun.
Oviposition begins in the spring, and continues through the summer. It
is not unusual to find in August the adult male with freshly-deposited
ova, in company with all the nymphal instars, at one and the same time
and place. I have found egg-laden males as early as the middle of May,
and as late as the end of August. The last date would allow the young
to arrive at maturity by the first week in October, before the weather got
too cold. Active adults have been secured as late as the middle of
October, and partiy torpid ones on a cold day in early November.

Belostoma fluminea is, i common with all water-bugs, a predaceous
carnivore, feeding on the juices of insects and snails, and very probably
of such small or weak vertebrates as it can overpower. In times of stress
it will feed on its own nymphs, which in turn are not averse to preying on
each other when hungry, which is always. In my aquaria they are fed
flies, which are put in alive, but their sufferings are over as soon as they
are seized. The bug apparently injects some paralyzing poison into its
victims. Ordinarily, the prey is seized by the raptorial anterior pedes,
and at times all three pairs are employed to hold fast some powerful
insects or large victim, such as a snail.

This water-bug’s favourite haunts are muddy-bottomed ponds, where
it lurks among the weeds at the bottom. Sometimes it is found in little
bayed-in places in streams, where there is a back-water, with grasses
growing into it from the banks, or from the bottom. On one occasion a
single individual was found under a stone on the pebbly banks of the
Rahway River, near Cranford, N. J.

Belostoima also is parasitized by a water mite, but it does not appear
to be injured in any way by its guest.

Both the adult and the nymph obtain their air supply from the
atmosphere, by piercing the surface with the terminal abdominal segments
In the adult there is a broad pilose band at each side of the abdomen,

6. March 21st, in one instance.

&

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

—
ive)
be

covering the entire width of the connexivum, save for a narrow stripe at
the external edge. ‘This band begins about two-thirds of the way up the
last connexival segment, and is lost under the edge of the metasternum.
On each of abdominal segments 2 to 6 there is visible in this sericeous
stripe an oval stigma from which arise trachez that lead into the main
respiratory system. The spiracles of the first segment are not visible
without dissection, and lie in the membranous portion under the
metasternal episterna. The main system has its origin in the two strap-
like appendages issuing from the dorsum of the 5th abdominal segment,
which are evidently the highly specialized 7th abdominal ring.’ These
are each covered at the base by a pilose flap which extends from the
segment, and between them lie the genitalia. Near the base and below
the outer edge of each of the appendages is a deep-sunk orifice in which
lies the great spiracle from which springs the large tracheal trunk of the
main system. Each of these large stem-tracheze goes straight up into the
thoracic region, each connecting with the other and with the seven
abdominal and three (sec. Schiddte) thoracic stigmata by branches at
intervals. The dorsum is covered with short pile, and as it is somewhat
hollowed beneath the hemelytra, is apparently employed as a reservoir for
storing air. When the bug is at the surface, the end of the abdomen and
the hemelytra separate, the hairy ends of the strap-like appendages being
visible just under the edge of the membrane, and the air enters here.

The nymphal respiratory apparatus is quite different. In place of
the sericeous band, the entire abdomen is thickly covered with long pile ;
and it appears bright and silvery in the water, and rounded out from the
great quantity of air it carries. The connexival spiracles, of which there
is one at each segment, are not large, and connect by trachez with the
main respiratory system. ‘There is a pair of very large spiracles in the
cleft sixth abdominal segment, one on each side, from which the main
trachee rise. The metasternal episterna are produced into long, narrow
plates, fringed with long hairs, extending over the first, second and half
the third abdominal segments. According to Dr. Sharp,* Joanny Martin
is of the opinion that these plates are for respiratory purposes. It is
possible that they may be used for the storage of air, or perhaps as a
means of reducing the quantity held by the pile, by exercising pressure to

7. Dufour in Mém. Soc. Ac. Sci. Liege, 186, p. 197, expresses the guarded
opinion that the strap-like appendages of Ae/ostoma (=Amorgius) indicum are
respiratory in their function.

8. Cambridge Natural History, Insects, Part II, p. 567.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 193

force it out. It is certain, however, that they have some connection with
the respiratory system. ‘The functions of the pile were long since recog-
nized by Burmeister.”
Hereafter follow the notes made from the various instars bred :
Ovum.—Shape: Imperfectly oval, the upper end being the more
pointed, the lower rounder. Size: Long., 2 mm.; lat. 1 mm. at widest
part. Colour: Light yellowish-brown, shading into dark brown, nearly

black at the upper end. When freshly occluded, the ova are of a light
yellowish hue. Markings: Under a high power (150 diameters) the
corium is seen to be shagreened with very small graining, otherwise
entirely free from the more usual condition of ornamentation in the
Hemiptera. During incubation the ovum increases in size and changes
in form. Just before emergence it is as follows :—Shape: Elongate oval,
noticeably tapering from the apex to the base. Size: Long., 3 mm.;
lat., 1.1 at greatest breadth.

The ova, as already noted, are deposited by the female on the back
of the unwilling male. They are embedded about half their length in the
waterproof glue mentioned previously. The preceding descriptions of
the ovum are not perhaps as accurate as they should be, since they have
been drawn up from alcoholic material. The peculiarity of growth during
embryonal development is not unusual, the ova of the various water-bugs
I have bred showing it more or less, but none so markedly.”

The 200 or more ova occluded in my aquaria had a period of incuba-
tion of between six and twelve days. The ova from which were raised
the three individuals carried through to maturity, took respectively seven
and two eleven days. As a general rule, the greater part of the eggs hatch
simultaneously, and the male then sheds its unwelcome burden, the
unhatched remainder, if fortunate, emerging a day or two later. The
nymph comes out through a round lid that splits off the top of the egg and
is attached thereto by a hinge extending about one-quarter the circumfer-
ence. The process of emergence I very fortunately saw, and the following
account is a transcript of my notes made as the little bug came out of its
shell. After the round lid is split off, the head is gradually pushed out. By
slow successive heaves, the remainder of the body is drawn out until
it stands erect, with the chorion as a base, holding the posterior

9g. Handbuch, Vol. II, p. 195.
1o. Cf. Bueno, Journal New York Entomological Society, Vol. XI, p. 168.

194 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

abdominal segments still within it. The legs are still held in the shell,
and pressed against the body. A few jast heaves set free first -the
anterior pair, then the other two, and the little bug falls forward. Assisted
by its legs, it pulls out of the shell and remains quiescent a moment, then

feebly swims away.
First Instar.

Shape: The general shape is much as in the adult. ‘The head is
shorter and broader ; the distance between the eyes is greater, the eyes
themselves being small. The thorax is wider than long, the abdomen is
rounded at the tip and covered with pile beneath. ‘The flattened sides
are broad, and the deeper abdominal middle is about as wide as one of
the sides. The tarsi are all one-jointed,” about half as long as their
respective tibiz, and armed with two claws each, those of the anterior
tarsi of unequal length, the inner claw being about one-third shorter than
the other. ‘The femora are all grooved for the reception of the tibize, and
sparsely fringed at the edges. The exterior side of the femora is armed
with stout spines, which are also found in the tibie of the second and
third pairs of legs. The antenne are short, club-shaped, and one-jointed,
about one and one-half times as broad at the base as at the apex, and
twice as long as the greatest diameter.

Size: Long., 4 to 5 mm.; lat., abd. 2.4 mm.
Colour : Generally somewhat translucent grayish or brown.

Markings: The head has a darker median stripe, produced by the
lancets. There are five white spots on the connexival edges, and also
near the middle of the body on each side. The legs are more or less
banded.

When just emerged the shape of the nymph is more or less narrow
and elongated, but in an hour or so it broadens out to the form previ-
ously noted. The colour is then a transparent yellowish, and, as in the
other Cryptocerata, their transparency in their earlier stages exhibits very
plainly the dorsal vessel in motion, as well as the oily globules of the
unabsorbed yolk. Shortly after emergence, the young nymph casts off
the amnion as a clear pellicle, almost like a diaphanous moutted skin.

When very young, the nymph finds it hard to pierce the surface
film. In fact, for some time after hatching, they appear unable to break

11. Dufour (Essai Monographique sur les Belostomides) notes that all larvae
of Belostomids have uniarticulate tarsi.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 195

readily through it to get their prey, so that lack of food prevented me from
carrying to the first ecdysis more than six nymphs out of about fifty
secured from ova. Of these nymphs, two moulted in seven days, and one
each in eight, eleven, twelve and thirteen days respectively, the shorter
periods being in late June and August, the longer in early June.

Second Instar.

Shape: Very like the first instar, except that the head is more
shaped and the eyes comparatively larger. The antenne are now
distinctly two-jointed and a little more slender, the basal joint being
about one-half as long as the second. ‘The legs are as in the first instar,
except that the fringing hairs and spines are naturally better developed.

Size: Long., 6 to 7 mm.; lat., 3.4 to 3.7 mm., measured from cast
skins and mounted. specimens.

Colour and Markings: As in the first instar.

Only three survivors reached the second moult, one in seven, one in
five, and the third in six days. My further notes were all made from
three individuals.

Third Instar.

Shape: Much as in the preceding instars, except that the abdomen is
perhaps a little more rounded posteriorly. The head is still nearer the
adult form, with the eyes a little larger. The antenne are distinctly three-
jointed in this instar, still club-shaped, and about twice as long as wide.
The wing-pads first appear in this instar. The legs and tarsi are not
changed, save that the smaller of the ungues of the anterior tarsal claw is
much reduced in length, being barely two-fifths the length of the other.
The fringing ciliz are thicker, and the tibiz of the third pair, near the
tarsal joint, have two parallel comb-like rows of stout bristles. The
various spines on the legs are much stouter and better developed.

Size: Long., 8.5 to 9 mm.; lat., 3 7 to 4 mm.

Colour and markings continue much the same, except, of course, for
a deepening of the same due to the further stage of development.

The survivors reached the third moult in seven, six and seven days
respectively.

The colour after casting off the outgrown integument is greenish
yellow, the stomach contents and viscera showing as a darker brownish
patch, through which the nearly 4Zack pulsating dorsal vessel runs. In
about six hours the colour changes to the mottled grayish already noted.

196 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Fourth Instar.

Shape: No great variation is shown in this instar, save that the form
is perhaps a little more elongate in proportion to the preceding instars.
Head is more close to that of the adult, with a slight modification in the
eyes. The antenne, which appeared three-jointed in the preceding
instar, show two processes arising from the main stem, which is still club-
shaped, somewhat curved outwardly, and three and one-half times as long
as wide. ‘They are much lower down the edge of the eye than in the
previous stages. The wing-pads are much larger. The legs show a
greater development ; the fringing ciliz are more abundant in the second
and third tibiz, and the spines much larger and more regular. The
smaller claw of the anterior tarsus is further reduced, being now barely
one-third the length of the other. The combs on the third pair of tibte
are much more apparent, and there is a third broken row above the two
others.

Size: “Long,-1o to 12° mm.3 lat.,6.7, mm:
The colour and markings are still unchanged.

The three nymphs cast their skins for the fourth time in six, five and
seven days. Here the colour on leaving the cast skin is green, a very
light green, differing in this slightly: from the other nymph. In a few
hours the normal spotted gray nymphal coloration is attained. The
integument even at this advanced period is so transparent that the con-
traction of the dorsal vessel is visible through the back.

Fifth Instar.

Shape: Differs from adult only in-the more rounded abdomen and
absence of wings and strap-like appendages. The head is still propor-
tionally broader. The antennz are now much larger, much lower down
the inner margin of the eye, and very distinctly palmate, three and a half
times as long as wide. The wing-pads are large. The lower margins of
the eyes are provided with long fringing hairs. The legs are the same,
with one-jointed tarsi. The shorter claw of the anterior tarsus still
persists, very much reduced.

Size: Long., 15 to 17 mm.; lat., abdomen, 8.4 to 8.8 mm.; wing-
pads, 8.8 to 9.4 mm.

Colour and markings a little more accentuated, but otherwise
unchanged.

The three nymphs arrived at the adult instar, two in eleven and one
in eighteen days, but it is to be noted that the latter is an unduly long

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 197

period in comparison with that of the other two, and with those elapsing
between the other instars. The full life-history of each of the bred

individuals is as follows :

No. tf. No. 2. INiQn 3:
Ovyardeposited.. Peso... May 20 June 5 August 19
BNMETOENCS \ 5... \abeea ns «hes aie ERG 26
PAMCONYSIS 3.4.) Seem. ss.) SURE PI Cro September 2
DORMER CC RDO mo RIE 2's ue ee Ke Io
210) * SSE eto cae, ere peer July 4 ee 17
4th Hie he cee, Shore NYS" Seiad) a 2
5th Fiat Canes wet aa oe) Sees) October 12

The above gives periods for the full development from occlusion of
the ova to the adult of 53, 45 and 54 days, the one whose development
occurred in midsummer having the shortest period. One of the adults

survived in my aquarium till early January. It was sluggish, but finally
died as a result, doubtless, of the abnormal conditions under which it
laboured.

A most noteworthy fact in the development of Lelostoma fluminea is
the progressive diminution in size of the claw on the anterior tarsi, which
finally disappears at the last moult. In the genus Amorgius this is not the
case—the nymphs have two equal-sized claws on the anterior tarsi, long
and well-developed, one of which disappears at the last moult. This may
be seen in the nymphs of Amorgius annulipes, A. obscurum and A.
americanum. On the other hand, the nymph of 2. Bosczz is single-clawed
in the anterior tarsi in the third to fifth stages, which peculiarity it shares
with Abedus breviceps.

This paper treats only of the more obvious structural differences in
the nymphal instars, because lack of material as well as of time to devote
to entomology, has prevented the deep study necessary to satisfactorily
elucidate many obscure points. What is set down is the result of personal
observations, the life and habits have been carefully studied from the
living bug, and the anatomical features have been investigated by
dissections and microscopical examinations.

In conclusion, I may say that Lelostoma fluminea is so common a
bug, and so easily kept in captivity, that it is possible for any one to breed
them and check my results, which I sincerely trust may be done before
long.

198 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

NOTES ON AMERICAN HEMIPTERA.
BY DR. E. BERGROTH, HIBBING, MINN.

Ife
ARADID.

1. Aradus concinnus, Bergr.—Female : Fifth ventral segment as long
in the middle as at the sides, with a transverse obtuse-angulated keel a
little in front of the almost straight middle part of the apical margin, this
keel at the ends coalescing with the apical margin, apical angles of the
segment reaching a little beyond the slightly rounded apical margin of the
middle part of the sixth ventral segment, which is broader than long, apical
angles of this segment nearly reaching apex of second genital segment,
which does not project behind apex of abdomen and is half as long as the
transverse first genital segment, this more than twice as broad at base as
at apex, apical genital lobes shortly prominent beyond apex of abdomen,
somewhat distant interiorly, inner margin rounded, apical margin oblique,
notched before the middle, dorsal genital segment broadly rounded at
apex.

I described this neat little species from a single male from South
California without nearer locality. Mr. Heidemann has received both
sexes from Palm Springs, Cal. It is the only known American species of
the group called Pvestosoma by Laporte.

2. Aradus Behrensi, Bergr.—Of this species, hitherto known only
from California, Mr. Heidemann has sent me a specimen from Hood
River, Oregon.

3. Aradus Hubbardi, Heid.—Of this species Mons. Schouteden has
sent me a brachypterous female from Truckee, Cal. (5,800 ft.). In this
the corium extends only a little beyond the middle of the second abdominal
segment and the membrane is very short, appearing only as a rounded
border of the apical margin of the corium, not extending behind its apical
angle. I have never before seen a brachypterous imago of this group of
the genus.

4. Aradus cincticornis, n. sp.—Ovate, male not narrower than female,
blackish-brown, basal part and expanded lateral parts of the pronotum
yellowish, apical half of scutellum light brown with the apex black,
corium, connexivum and under-side of the body mottled with yellow,
apical angles of connexival segments yellow, second joint of antennz
sparingly and minutely speckled with yellow, third joint whitish except

at base, Jegs often minutely speckled with yellow, apex of tibiz testaceous.
June, 1906

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 199

Head about as long as the pronotum in the middle, and distinctly longer
than broad, longitudinally impressed at the sides with a small tubercle a
little in front of and within the strongly-prominent substylated eyes, apical
process parallel from the apex to near the base, reaching the middle third
part of the second antennal joint, antenniferous spines a little divergent,
with a small tooth on the outer margin, antenne slender, almost filiform,
second joint distinctly shorter than the head, longer than the third and
fourth joint together, very slightly incrassated at the apex, fourth joint a
little ionger than the third, rostrum reaching to or a little beyond the
middle of the mesosternum. Pronotum more than twice as broad as Jong
in the middle, dilated on the sides, with the greatest breadth behind the
middle, sinuated at base in front of the scutellum, lateral margins obtusely
angulated, remotely and bluntly dentate, antero-lateral and postero-lateral
margins almost straight, disk with the usual six keels, the two inner keels
reaching the apical margin, approximated before the middle, external keels
much abbreviated, not reaching the middle, median keels reaching the
middle of the fore half, ending in a tubercle. Scutellum with a central
tubercle, lateral margins raised, nearly parallel towards the base.
Hemelytra in the male extending a little beyond the middle of the dorsal
genital segment, in the female only reaching the base of this segment,
lateral margin of corium ampliated near the base, membrane grayish, with
more or less distinct small fuscous spots. Abdomen rather strongly
rounded on the sides, lateral margin of connexivum distinctly subangularly
prominent just before the apical angles of the segments. Length, ¢, 6
mm.; @, 6.5 mm.

Males: Apical lobes of genital segment broad, rounded, with some
short and blunt marginal teeth.

Female : Fifth ventral segment a little shorter in the middle than at
the sides, apical margin straight in the middle, apical angles extending
beyond the middle of the median lobes of the sixth segment, these lobes
taken together about as broad at apex as their length, apical angles of
sixth segment not reaching the apex of the first genital segment, which is
very snort, four times shorter than the middle the sixth ventral segment,
second genital segment but little shorter than the first, hairy, protruding
between the apical genital lobes, the outer margin of which is rounded,
with a few obtuse teeth.

ALABAMA.
_ Allied to A. similis, Say, and Hubbard, Heid., but it is more broadly
ovate in both sexes, differently coloured, with the lateral margin of the

200 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

abdomen more undulate, and with the genital and female ventral segments
differently shaped.

5. Aradus Falleni, Stal.—Taken by Mr. Heidemann near Washing-
ton, D. C., the most northern locality recorded for this species.
6. Aradus gracilicornis, Stal.—Mr. Heidemann has sent me speci-

mens from Chiricahui Mountains, Arizona. It was hitherto known only
from Cuba.

7. Aradus niger, Stal.—This species, although rare, seems to be
widely distributed. It is recorded from Colorado by Gillette and Baker
under the unpublished name, A. od/iguus, Uhl.

8. Aradus Heidemanni, n. sp.—Elongate-ovate (¢), fuscous, uni-
colorous, external margins of pronotum, abdomen and basal part of corium
very finely crenuiate. Head distinctly longer than broad, scarcely shorter
than the pronotum in the middle, with a U-shaped impression above and
a small, rather acute forwardly-directed tubercle a little within and in front
of the eyes, apical process narrowly conical, just a little passing the base
of the second antennal joint, antenniferous spines a little divergent, with a
distinct tooth on the outer margin, antenne cylindrical, second joint
shorter than the width between the eyes, third joint a little shorter and
narrower than the second, fourth joint distinctly shorter than the third,
rostrum not quite reaching base of head. Pronotum about twice as broad
as long in the middle, scarcely broader than the base of the hemelytra,
almost trapezoidal, apical margin truncate, lateral.margins a little rounded
from the base to a little before the middle, basal margin deeply sinuate in
front of the scutellum, disk with four anteriorly convergent keels and a ~
much abbreviated obtuse keel within the lateral angles. Scutellum
distinctly longer than the middle of the pronotum, lateral margins
reflexed, slightly rounded, apex obtuse. Hemelytra in the macropterous
female reaching the base of the dorsal genital segment, corium nearly
reaching apex of third segment, somewhat dilated and rounded near the
base. Abdomen slightly roundedly prominent near the apical angle of the
fifth connexival segment, lateral margins of the sixth segment straight,
apical angles obtuse, apical margin broadly truncate, with the female genital
lobes much projecting beyond the truncated margin. Length, 9, 7.8 mm.

Male unknown.

Female: Fifth ventral segment a little shorter in the middle than at
the sides, the apical angles reaching apex of the middle lobes of sixth

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 201

segment, apical margin trisinuate in the middle ; central lobes of sixth
segment dilated-towards the apex, taken together much broader at apex
than the length of the segment, apical margin trisinuate in the middle part,
apical angles almost reaching apex of second genital segment ; first genital
segment twice as long as second, this not protruding between the apical
genital lobes, which are rather broadly distant and broader than long,
rounded on the inner side and shallowly notched or the outer side ;
dorsal genital segment almost truncate at apex, scarcely projecting beyond
apical margin of last connexival segment.

Astoria, Oregon (coll. Heidemann) ; Yale, British Coiumbia (my coll.).

The specimen from Yale is a brachypterous female ; it is of a more
grayish-black colour, the lateral margins of the pronotum are quite straight,
the corium is not longer than the scutellum, rounded at apex, and the
membrane is entirely wanting. It much resembles the brachypterous
form of wzger, but is larger, with the antenne and female genital segments
differently shaped.

This interesting species belongs to the subgenus Qut/ius of Stal,
distinguished by the very short rcstrum and the trapezoidal pronotum.
This subgenus is represented by three species in the palzearctic region
(A. parvicoliis, Stal, from South-eastern Europe and the Island of Cyprus;
A. mirus, Bergr., from Austria, and A. drevtrostris, Horv., from Siberia),
and by two nearctic species (A. niger, Stal, and the above described new
species). They live on conifers; unlike other Aradi, which are mostly
found under the bark, m/rus dwells on the twigs and needles of the live
trees.

9. Mezira Jamaicensis, n. sp.—Elongate, brownish piceous, abdomen
ferruginous, apical margin of connexival segments pale yellow. Head
about as long as broad, antenniferous spines short, slightly divergent,
first joint of antennz considerably passing apex of head, second joint
shorter than first, incrassated towards apex, third joint longer by a
half than the second, slender, a little incrassated at extreme apex, fourth
joint a trifle shorter than second, postocular teeth acute, not passing the
eyes. Prenotum almost straight at base, sides rounded, sinuated before
the middle, apical angles rounded. Scutellum slightly carinate in the
middle. Hemelytra (9) reaching base of sixth dorsal segment, corium
reaching the middle of second connexival segment, apical margin straight,
membrane blackish, with two subconfluent pale spots at base. Abdomen
scarcely broader than pronotum. Length, 9, 6 mm.

202 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Jamaica (coll, Montandon).

Distinguished from the allied species by the almost parallel body and
by the colour.

[N.B.—The genus Brachyrrhynchus, Lap., must bear the younger
name, MWezira, Am. S&., the first name being preoccupied (Sélys, Aves,
1831). The allied genus, Coloborrhynchus, Champ., the name of
which is also preoccupied (Owen, Reptilia, 1874), I propose to call
Coloborrhinus. | .

CATALOGUE OF THE GENERA OF THE HEMIPTEROUS
FAMILY APHID-E.—SEconpD SUPPLEMENT.

BY G. W. KIRKALDY, HONOLULU, HAWATIAN ISLANDS.

In the Annales of the Belgian Entomological Society (Vol. 50, pp.
30-6, Feb. 2, 1906), my friend Mr. Schouteden has added a considerable
number of genera and species to my list, extending it to 1906.

The number of omissions, even before 1905, is so large, compara-
9
tively, that it demands some explanation from me.

1. Some of the remarks, as, for example, the identity of Aristaphis
aud Prerocomma, are matters of opinion, though Mr. Schouteden is more
likely to be right in this matter than I. These, however, are few in
number, and are incidental to all list-making.

2. Some of the omissions were rectified in the first supplement, and
it is instructive, as illustrating the difficulty of procuring, or, rather, of
knowing of the existence of, some of the papers, that Schouteden did not
know of one or two added there by me.

3. I can scarcely hold myself justly responsible for ignorance of
many of the papers, as they were in publications inaccessible here, and
were not included in any of the usual records. An author can certainly
publish where he wishes, but he ought to send copies for record to the
Zoological Record, Bericht der Entomologie, or similar works.

The Zoological Record for 1904 was not received here till February,
1906, consequently I lost an opportunity of revising my list.

4. Almost all of the omissions are of European species, the most
notable being several species of Phylloxera, described by Pergande.

5. In the same Annales, p. 42 (Feb. 27), Mr. Schouteden adds
another omitted genus (dating from 1857!) and makes one or two minor
alterations in his own paper.

June, 1906

Sra

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 203

A FURTHER NOTE ON EUCHCECA COMPTARIA AND THE
ALLIED SPECIES.

BY GEO. W. TAYLOR, WELLINGTON, B. C.

I am glad that Dr. Dyar has given us a note on the Lucheca
comptaria problem, and that up to a certain point he supports my view.
- Without a doubt, he is right in insisting that the type species of
LNomenta must be called 72-Z/neata, Packard.

I am pleased, too, that he has associated Mr. Pearsall’s name with
another part of the 72-/7meata of authors. I should have suggested this
course in the present paper had I not been anticipated.

We are now, I think, all agreed that Z. comptaria, Walker, is the
correct designation for the insect which has hitherto been considered to
represent 72-/:neata in the east, and not for the one commonly known as
perlineata, Pack. ‘This is what I asserted in my first note,' and is zof¢ the
view taken by Hulst in Dyar’s Catalogue. But Mr. Pearsall now claims,
and apparently Dr. Dyar takes it for granted that he is right, that this
supposed eastern form of 72-/:neafa is really the per/ineata, Packard, and
he brings forward as evidence two specimens now in the Packard collec-
tion at Cambridge, bearing labels ‘‘ser/ineata” “type.”

But, in the first place, it is quite evident from the locality labels on
these insects that they are not really types at all. The original types of
perlineata® were ¢ and 9? from ‘Albany, New York, Lintner.” These
specimens have disappeared. The specimens now in the collection, and
which Mr, Pearsall has examined, are two males, ‘‘West Virginia, Mead.”

In the second place, if these two moths are really comptaria rather
than perlineata, which I cannot yet feel quite sure of in my own mind,
and if we accept them as genuine types, which, as I have just shown, they
cannot be, even then we cannot allow them to have any weight as against
the excellent description’ and the two capital figures* published by
Packard.

It is naturally very satisfactory when a type specimen is available to
confirm an original, perhaps too meagre, description, but if description and
type conflict, then the rule is, or, at any rate, the practice is,.to give the
weight to the description. It is the description, and that only, that is

I. GAN. END, XXX VIL 230.

2 ELOC. bOSst.50C. Nats Hist, X©VI., p. 20:

3. Mon. Geom. Moths, Plate VIII., figs. 25 and 68.
June, 1906

204 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

published to the whole world, and from the description in the present
case entomclogists have for 30 years applied the name /er/ineata to the
insect Mr. Pearsall now renames /. exhumata.

If the description were vague, which it is not, the figures in the
monograph are unmistakable.

Dr. Dyar suggests that the AZe/anthia condensata of Waiker* may be
this species, but I am informed that Walker’s single type is a specimen of
E. lucata, as his description would lead one to suppose. Walker’s
Cidaria inclinataria’ is, as I have elsewhere stated,® a synomym of
Xanthorhoe ferrugata.

I conclude, therefore, that these species must, after all, be listed pretty
much as I placed them in my first note, the only difference being that I
am now willing to admit our western Lucheca to specific rank as
E. Pearsaéli, instead of uniting it with &. comptaria, as I was at first
disposed to do.

The list will stand :

Nomenia duodecimlineata, Packard.
= unipecta, Pearsall.
Euchoeca Pearsalli, Dyar.
=12-lineata, Auct. (western form).
Kuchceca comptaria, Walker.
=12-lineata, Auct. (eastern form).
= salienta, Pearsall.
Euchceca perlineata, Packard.
=exhumata, Pearsall.
Euchceca lucata, Guenée.
=condensata, Walker.

A CORRECTION.

An inexcusable blunder was committed by me some years ago. On
page 791, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX VI, for 1903, I described an insect
under the name /sinidia sulcifrons, var. amplicornis. For the word
sulcifrons the specific name fenestradis was intended, and should be

substituted throughout the description. A. N. CAuUDELL.
A Cat Lep Het., oe ivdtisn: Ondine ere aesOr
Hewate epi let. >. Mis.) sealant ymsOn.

6. CAN. ENT., XXXVII., 240 and 4173.

= bs

a

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 205

DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW GEOMETRID MOTHS FROM
ALBERTA.
BY GEO. W. TAYLOR, WELLINGTON, B. C.

Xanthorhoe circumvallaria, n. sp.— Expanse, 35 mm,

Palpi and front dark gray, with a plentiful intermixture of brown
scales. Thorax dark fuscous. Abdomen above dark gray, beneath lighter
gray.

Fore wing: ground colour gray, but almost entirely obscured by
blackish-brown scales.

The basal area is darkened by about four parallel wavy fuscous lines;
the space between the basal and intradiscal lines is paler and crossed by
two dark lines parallel with the basal. Median space uniform blackish-
brown, slightly lighter around the large jet-black discal spot ; in worn
specimens can be seen traces of two darker cross lines, one intra- and one
extra discal, within this area ; the extra-discal line is black, very irregular,
the most prominent outward projection being between veins 3 and 4, this
line is followed by a clear white line, then a brownish parallel line, then a
gray space (ground colour of the wing), twice as broad as the brown line,
next a dark band of the same colour as the median space, extending to the
margin and divided into two parts, the outer a little paler than the inner,
by a conspicuous white zigzag submarginal line, a marginal row of
geminate black dots ; fringe checkered gray and brown.

Hind wing : clear white, with a distinct black discal point, and extra-
discal black line and a submarginal black band about 2 mm. in width ;
marginal dots as on fore wing ; fringe white, cut with black at the ends of
the veins.

Beneath the whole fore wing to the extra-discal line is smoky-black ;
extra-discal line darker, and the extra basal space is also marked by a
darker shade, especially towards the costa ; a small dark spot on costa,
opposite the discal spot ; beyond the extra-discal line is a white band ;
the rest of the wing is black to the submarginal white zigzag line, which is
marked from the costa to vein 3 ; beyond this line the apical portion of
the wing is gray ; discal spots on all wings enlarged.

Hind wing marked as on upper side, but the basal area is lightly
peppered with dark scales.

Types, two males and two females in my cabinet.

Collected by Mr. F. H. Wolley Dod, near Billings’s lumber mills,
Millarville, Alberta, on 26, vi, 1898, and 24, vil, 1904.

A fifth specimen from the same source I have sent to the United
States National Museum, and others (co-types) are in Mr. Wolley Dod’s

collection.
June, 1906

206 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Aplodes Hudsonaria, n. sp.

Palpi and front rose-pink, the latter pale on the front edge, but not so
distinctly white as in 4. mimosarta.

Head white above and between the antenne ; collar green ; antennz
white above at base, brown towards the tips ; thorax bright green ;
abdomen, first three segments greenish, each bearing a white dorsal spot ;
rest of the abdomen white. Legs white, anterior tibize pink on inner side,
and second pair of tibiz with three pink spots, one at each extremity and
one in the middle.

Wings bright green, of the tint of A. mzmosaria, with two white lines
on each wing. ]

On the fore wing the basal line is irregularly curved, fading out
towards the costa; outer line almost straight, not quite parallel to the
outer margin (as is the similar line in mmosaria), but inclining towards
that margin as it nears the costa, which it does not quite reach ; costa
white above, pink at the base beneath. Hind wing, basal line rather
straight, extending from costa to just below median vein, then obsolete ;
outer line commencing on costa, nearer to the base than usual, curving
strongly below median vein, so that if produced, on the same curve, from
its vanishing point just below vein two, it would reach the dase of the
wing instead of the inner margin.

In the direction of this line this species differs from all other species
of American Geometrine known to me. °

Discal points on fore wings reddish in one of the type specimens,
obsolete in the other; on hind wings discal marks are elongated and
greenish, as in mimosaria; the discal marks on all wings are more
evident on the under-sides. Fringes white, spotted with pink.

This species seems to represent A. mimosaria in the west, but can be
quite easily distinguished by the peculiar outer line on the secondaries
and by other points noted in the description.

Types, two males, taken at light on July 7th, 1905, by Mr. A. F.
Hudson, at a point on the Red Deer River, 50 miles north-east of

Gleichen, Alberta, and kindly presented to me by Mr. F. H. Wolley Dod.
A third male is in Mr. Wolley Dod’s collection.

Since writing this description, I have seen two female moths, taken
at Victoria in August, 1903, by Mr. A. W. Hanham, which appear to
belong to this species. ‘The only difference I notice is that the outer line
on the hind wing is more distant from the base of the wing in the Victorian
specimens than in the Alberta types. One of Mr. Hanham’s specimens
has been generously given to me, the other remains in his own cabinet.

Expanse, 31 mm.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 207

THE TEGMINAL POSITION IN GRYLLUS.

BY FRANK E. LUTZ, COLD SPRING HARBOUR, LONG ISLAND, N. Y.

In Chap. X of the Descent of Man, Darwin says that when the male
of Gryllus campestris is chirping, “ first one wing is rubbed over the
other, and then the movement is reversed.” I have carefully observed
several hundred males of our native Gryllus, and it seems to me that one
tegmen (‘wing ”) is always uppermost. This is, at first sight, a very
minor point, but it leads to some rather interesting thoughts.

Among crickets one tegmen when at rest overlaps the other along the
median dorsal line. Among the males, as shown below, it is usually the
right tegmen that is placed over the left, while among the females there is
a much nearer approach to equality of the two conditions. Thus :

: 2 3:
5 ny Righ Lef Righ Lef
LOcALity, Uippenece Usdecaesk: Uppetinast Unsennast:
No. % No. % | No. oh No. %
“Perkins Cove, Me., Fall 1904. ../106.|67 5} 51 |32.5//135 |97-8| 3° | 2-2
New: Fane, Ver., Fall_1o904°..... 14/43 8] 18 [56.2!| |

Cold Spring Harbour,N.Y., Fall 04/450 |65.9]233 |34-'//433 |98-4] 7 | 1-6
Gotha, Pia; Fall” 1r903*. 20.5% UP serigesol 201127.4|| 44 neo, oO || 0:0
Gotha, Fla., Spring 1904 ........|119 |71.3| 48 |28.7|| 83 |98.3] 1 | 1.2

During the season of 1905 I had under observation in the laboratory
about 100 each of males and females of our native Gryllus. Of these
males, when left to themselves, every one kept for the rest of his life the
tegminal position he had when he became mature. The females, how-
ever, frequently changed theirs. Thus, to take two successive records,
which are typical :

No. 190. Matured Aug. 7, LL; Aug. 19, R; Aug. 23, L; Sept. 5,
R ; died Sept. 14, R.

No. 191. Matured Aug. 5, R; Aug. 19,L; Aug. 23, L; Sept. 5,
R ; died Sept. 9, R.

If we take a male after the chitin of the tegmina has hardened, and
reverse the tegminal position—say, change R to L—he will almost

immediately show signs of uneasiness, raise his tegmina, and move them
June, 1906

208 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

back and forth until he has succeeded in changing them to their original
position. If, however, we make the change as soon as he has moulted,
and while the tegmina are still soft, the new position will be retained
after they are hardened. If we now attempt to change them back to the
natural position the cricket will return them to the unnaturalone. As far
as I could tell, such a cricket could chirp just as well as one whose
tegmina had not been tampered with, although he was using the sound-
producing organ which would naturally not have been used at all. As
indicated above, this organ—the ‘ file” on the under side of the left
tegmen—is unused in about 98°/, of our native Gryllus, and yet it is, to
all appearance, as well developed as the other: I have counted and
measured the ‘‘ teeth,” studied the venation of the ‘‘drum,” and, in short,
have failed to discover any significant difference between the sound organs
of the two tegmina. ; i

In the Locustide we find a very different condition. Here there is
no file on the right tegmen, and this is a/ways—-as far as I have seen—
carried under the lett. However that may be, we have in this very
closely-related family, which is really scarcely distinct from the Gryllidee,*
a specialization which is just hinted at (but in the reverse way, 7. ¢., right
uppermost) in Gryllus. The constant position of the tegmina is here
nearly reached, but the unused sound organ is sti!l intact.

The condition of the females is also interesting. It is easy to see a
possible reason why the female should change the tegminal position more
often than the male. The tegmina do not overlap so far. But why is it
that in spite of this, with the exception of the New Fane, Ver., collection,
about twice as many have the right tegmen uppermost as otherwise? Is
it a lagging behind the males in specialization and an inheritance from
them ?

The mention of inheritance brings me to the final and most important
point. Is the abnormal left-tegmen-uppermost condition inherited? I
am trying to test this, but ‘“left-winged” material is very scarce. If it is
inherited, and if isolation is a true biologic factor, there ought to be
localities where the ‘ left-winged” condition is common, perhaps even
prevalent. I made the unfortunate mistake of asking Mr. C. D. Howe,

who kindly sent me what I have from New Fane, Ver., for only
females, as at that time I was interested chiefly in females, and so I have
not, now, any males from that place. Thirty-two is rather a small

“There seem to me to be more fundamental differences between Gryllotalpa,
Grylloides and Gryllus than between Gryllus and the Locustide.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 209

number, but as it gives quite a preponderance of left-tegmen-uppermost, I
would not be surprised if we have here an isolated colony where “ left-
wingedness ” in the male is common—a survival of a more generalized
state, perhaps. I hope to get more material from there. Meanwhile, I
would like to ask those all over the country who have opportunity, to
examine the male crickets with this simple point in mind. I would be
extremely grateful for any such material or information regarding it. It
has a bearing on several very important questions.

A FOSSIL WATER-BUG.
BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, BOULDER, COLO.

Among the fossil insects collected at Florissant, Colo., by Judge J.
Henderson and Dr. F. Ramaley, of the University of Colorado, is a
species of Corixidee, represented by numerous individuals. It occurred,
as Judge Henderson informs me, in the first railroad cutting east. of
Florissant, a little above the middle of the section there exposed.
The shale containing the specimens is very much lighter than
that in which the other Florissant fossil insects seen by me are imbedded,
and it is believed to belong near the top of the series. It may represent
a later period than that in which most of the numerous species described
by Scudder lived, and it is certain that the insects now described differ
from the three species of Corixidze described from Florissant.

Cortxa Florissaniella, n. sp.

Length, 6% mm.; breadth, 24% mm. corium and membrane
minutely reticulated, not at all striated ; face convex ; scutellum concealed
by pronotum, except posterior angle ; pronotum without visible markings;
corium with the margins of the posterior (apical) part rather broadly
pallid, and with a broad, more or less distinct transverse dark band just
above the beginning of the membrane; just before the dark band is a
suffused light band, and in front (basad) of this the corium is dark ;
membrane black ; abdomen ending in a pair of large subtriangular plates,
not asymmetrical ; swimming (posterior) legs well developed, hairy as
usual, extending about 34 mm. beyond end of abdomen. Length of
tegmina, 44% mm.; breadth about rt mm.; middle legs projecting about
4 mm. beyond body. Florissant. Following Kirkaldy’s table (Entomolo-

gist, 1905, p. 234) this would seem to be a genuine Corzxa, but it lacks
pale lines on the pronotum. In Scudder’s table of the Florissant species,
it falls with C. Vanduzeei, Scudd., but that differs entirely in the markings,
and probably belongs to the genus Ca//icorixa.

June, 1906

210 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO.
Toronto BRANCH.

The rogth meeting of the Toronto Branch was held in the Provincial
Museum on March 2oth.

The event of the evening was a paper by Dr. Brodie, entitled “Insect
Intelligence,” in which attention was drawn to some classes of insects
which seemingly exhibit an unusual amount of brain development in the
will-power shown in the deliberate selection of ways and means. This
was followed by a discussion, in which Dr. Abbott gave some interesting
examples from personal observation of the skillful way in which insects
adapt themselves to abnormal conditions,

The rroth meeting was held on April 17th.

Mr. Williams exhibited some fine Stick insects which he had received
from Natal.

Dr. Brodie had a specimen of a hawk-owl, taken in Saskatchewan.
This bird, related to both hawks and owls, is not strictly nocturnal,
although it feeds at night on insects. Its feet are feeble. It is seldom
seen near Toronto, and is not common anywhere. It ranges from
Muskoka to British Columbia, always in wooded countries.

Mr. Paul Hahn presented a beautiful little moth, Orchemia diana, to
the Society, some specimens of which he had collected in Algonquin Park.

Dr. Brodie gave an instructive paper on the Tussock Moth pest. He
showed the prevalence of parasitism in checking the increase of the moth,

and recommended the collecting and destroying of egg masses, leaving
all other cocoons undisturbed. ‘The paper was followed by a discussion. —
ELsiE BLACKMORE, Secretary.

ADDITIONAL SPECIES “OF MINNESOTA DIPTERA.

Since the printing of the Tenth Annual Report of the Minnesota
Entomologist in December, 1905, about 75 additional species of Diptera
captured in that State have been named, representing the following
families :

Agromyzidz, Anthomyide, Bibionide, Cecidomyidz, Chiromonide,
Culicidze, Dolichopodide, Drosophilide, Empidz, Ephydridz, Geomyzide,
Helomyzide, Leptide, Lonchopteride, Muscide, Mycetophilidee,
Ortalide, Oscinidz, Pipunculide, Psilide, Sapromyzide, Scatophagide,
Sciomyzide, Sepsidze, Simuliidee, Syrphidee, Tachinide, Trypetidee.

These species have been listed, and a copy of the list mailed to each
Station Entomologist and others known to be interested. Any one
tailing to receive a copy, and desiring one, can obtain it by writing to
Mr. F. L. Washburn, Experiment Station, St. Anthony Park, Minn.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 2h

A NEW TORTRICID FROM TEXAS,

BY AUGUST BUSCK, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Cydia grindeliana, sp. nov.—Antenn blackish brown, with short
greenish cilia. Labial palpi light greenish yellow, tipped with black.
Head and thorax light greenish yellow. Fore wings light straw-coloured,
overlaid and streaked with light greenish yellow, and in some specimens
with light olive. Costal edge from base to apex with short black and
silvery-white striguiz. Ocellus light shining yellow, edged anteriorly and
posteriorly by narrow perpendicular silvery-metallic lines, and containing
three short black dashes, two on the anterior margin and one on the
apical margin; above this is a small area, thickly mottled with dark brown
scales, and the whole is surrounded by a narrow silvery line. Termen
edged with dark brown; cilia yellow, with white base, and with dark
brown scales, forming a more or less complete marginal line. Hind wings
light silvery fuscous. Abdomen silvery fuscous. Legs yellowish, tarsi
annulated with black.

Alar expanse : 17-19 mm.

Habitat: Clarendon, Texas (October).

Food-plant : Grindelia squarrosa, var. nuda. U.S. Nat. Museum.
Type No. 9804.

The species is nearest C. o/ivaceana, Riley, and C. griseocapitana,
Walsingham, but lighter, more bright yellow than either. From _ both it
also differs in the dark-tipped labial palpi. From C. o/‘vaceana, which it
most resembles in general colour, it differs by the continuous series of
small costal strigulze, and in the absence of the oblique olive costal streak
at apical third. The strigule it has in common with C. griseocapitana,
but that species has a more dingy whitish colour, irrorate with olive ; that
species, type of which I took careful notes on last spring in the British
Museum, also has the oblique costal streak at apical third, and has the
cilia irregularly dusted with brown. ‘The type of Riley’s species is: U. S.
National Museum, besides several other specimens. That species feeds
on Solidago.

The types of the present species were bred by Mr. W. Dwight Fierce.
of the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. The larva feeds in the flower-heads of

Grindelia, and pupates in a loose cocoon in the same place.
June, 1906

22 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

A NEW INJURIOUS PINE-NEEDLE MOTH.
BY AUGUST BUSCK, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Recurvaria pinella, new species.—Antenne dark purple, with
silvery-white annulations. Second joint of labial palpi black, with apex
and a large spot on the inner side silvery white ; terminal joint white,
with a narrow black annulation on basal half. ace white, iridescent,
sprinkled with darker scales. Vertex and thorax dark purple. Fore
wings dark purple, sparsely sprinkled with lighter scales. From basal
fourth of costa to basal third of the dorsal edge is a thin, very indistinct
and ill-defined oblique white fascia. Along the dorsal edge below the
fold are two or three very small tufts of black and white raised scales.
Cilia dark purple, apical part with a still darker blackish basal line along
the edge of the wing. Hind wings light fuscous; cilia yellowish.
Abdomen bronzy fuscous; female with protruding horny, hairy ovipositor.
Legs purplish black, with white bars ; tarsal joints tipped with white.

Alar expanse: g-1o mm.

Food-plant : Pinus ponderosa.

Habitat : AZanitou, Colorado, Prof. C. FP. Gillette. U.S. N. M.
Type No. 9811.

The larva mines the leaves of Pinus ponderosa exactly in the fashion
of the common Paralechia pinifoliella, Chambers, in the Eastern States,
and is, according to Prof. Gillette, of some economic importance.

Prof. Gillette, who has shown me beautiful drawings of this ifsect
and its work, will shortly give a fuller life-history.

In coloration the species comes nearest to Recurvaria nigra, Busck,
but that species has the thin cross line at apical third of the fore wing
instead of at basal third as in the present species. Venation and oral
characters typical.

ANNOUNCEMENT.

The Rev. C. J. S. Bethune, editor of THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
has been appeinted Professor of Entomology and Zoology at the Ontario
Agricultural College, Guelph.

All communications intended for him personally, or as editor of this
magazine, should be addressed, after June 11th, to

REV. PROFESSOR BETHUNE,
ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE,
Guelph, Canada.

Books and Exchanges (as hitherto) to The Entomological Society of

Ontario, London, Canada.

Mailed June 5th, 1906.

CAN. ENT., VOL. XXXVI. Piate Ill.

INCISALIA AUGUSTUS. TRIE IEaaG,

he wanadiay Hntomologist

VoL. XXXVITI. LONDON, JULY, 1906. Nos 7

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO.
REMOVAL TO GUELPH.

On the 4th of May the President of the Society, Mr. J. D. Evans,
C. E., Trenton, sent a circular letter to all the members of the Council of
the Society, asking for their opinion respecting the proposed removal of
the headquarters of the Society from London to Guelph. In a letter,
dated June 18th, he announces that he has received replies from all the
members, and that the vote stands in favour of the removal eleven,
opposed to it four; one member abstained from voting. He adds:
“Since the vote in favour of the move stands nearly three to one, I hereby
declare the decision for the removal to Guelph carried.”

The Society’s lease of its present quarters in the Public Library
Building, London, terminates its second year on the 1st of September
next, and at that time another tenant is prepared to take over the premises
-and relieve the Society of the remainder of its term; to this arrangement
the Library Board has given its consent. The removal will therefore be
carried out during the latter part of August.

The Ontario Agricultural College at Guelph will provide, rent free,
suitable accommodation for the Society’s library and collections, etc. To
the former there will be assigned a special section in the fireproof Massey
Hall Building, and the collections will be kept entirely distinct from those
belonging to the College. All the property of the Society will be entirely
under the control of its own officers, and subject to any regulations that
its Council may draw up. A written agreement to this effect between the
College and the Society wil] be duly executed.

Much regret is felt by all the members of the Council, and no doubt
by the members of the Society in general, that the headquarters should be
removed from London, where they were established a few years after the
formation of the Society in 1863. Unfortunately, interest in entomology
has almost entirely died out in London, and there seems to be no one
there available for the supervision and care of the library and collections.
The sections also in Botany, Ornithology, Geology and the Microscope
have, one after the other, ceased their active operations, and no meetings

214 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

of any of them have been held during the last two years. At Guelph, on
the other had, there is a large and active Jist of members. During the
first and second years of the College course attendance at lectures on
Entomology is compulsory, and during the third and fourth years some of
the students specialize in the subject, and make it a serious and scientific
study—these naturally become active members of the Society, and
continue their connection with it after they leave college and scatter over
the country. There will also be at Guelph a continuity of work and
interest through the permanent staff of a Professor, Lecturer and Demon-
strator of Entomology. The books. and specimens will be much more
largely consulted and the usefulness of the Society greatly extended. It
is therefore believed that the contemplated removal will be in the best
interests of the Society.

STUDIES IN THE GENUS INCISALEFA:

BY JOHN H. COOK, ALBANY, N. Y.

ll.—Jnecisalia augustus.

Time of flight.—Species single brooded ; butterflies to be found
during late April and early May. I have taken the male as early as the
11th of April, but usually the first imagoes appear about the zoth. They
become abundant by the first of May, after which time the females may be
observed ovipositing, and the males rapidly disappear. After May 1oth
worn individuals only are seen, some of which may endure even to the
end of the first week in June.

Oviposition.—Eggs are laid during the first two weeks in May (and
probably later) on Vaccinium vacillans and Kalmia angustifolia. Since
the caterpillars will eat V. corymbosum and V. pennsylvanicum quite as
readily as V. vaci//ans, it is probable that these plants also are oviposited
upon. I have been unsuccessful in attempts to induce the larvz to feed
upon any other of the indigenous Zrcacee or Rosacee.

When placed upon Ka/miéa the egg is tucked in between the individ-
ual buds of the fascicle, often so deeply that the buds must be broken
apart to findit. When placed upon Vaccinium its position depends upon
how far open is the flower bud selected by the female. If she finds it
possible to thrust her ovipositors between the green bud and the brown
shelly scales, or between the cuter and inner series of the latter, she does
so, and the scale, springing back to its former position, completely covers

J uly, 1906

a had

THE CANADIAN KNLOMOLOGIST. 2 Wee

and conceals the egg. When, on the other hand, the bud is scarcely open,
the egg is placed upon the-outer face of the bud scale, near the stem. A
confined female, after ovipositing on all the buds of the plant supplied,
placed her two last eggs on the petioles of leaves. Ovipositing takes
place in the middle of the day, and each female disposes of about sixteen
eggs. In nature, these are placed singly, never more than one on any
plant, but unlike vs, the female of this species will often oviposit severai
times within a radius of a few feet.

The egg.—Turban-shaped, top slightly depressed ; micropyle, a
rosette of cells, still further depressed ; bottom flat or irregularly indented.
Sides ornamented with low rounded bosses in series, each connected with
the nearest ones surrounding it by slightly elevated ridges, which are
broadened out midway between the bosses, and are exceedingly irregular
in outline, a character which serves at once to distinguish the egg from
that of the congeneric species (as far as these are known). Cell walls of
bottom and of micropyle narrow, clear-cut and of uniform width. At the
edge of the micropyle the walls broaden abruptly, and the sculpture of
the surrounding area is similar to that of the sides, except that the bosses
are wanting. Plate III, fig. 1, shows the micropyle and depression ; fig,
2, a part of the surface sculpture from the region of greatest diameter; and
figs. 3 and 4, the top and side. When first laid, the egg is light
green, with a faint bluish tinge, which disappears within a few hours. The
colour gradually changes as the embryo larva develops, from light green
to yellow-green, to greenish-yellow, and, finally, from four to thirteen
hours before the birth of the caterpillar, to chalky-white.

Pertod of incubation.—On May toth, 1905, I obtained sixteen eggs
from a female confined over Ka/mia. These were laid between 10 a.m.
and 3.30 p.m., and all hatched between 2 and 11 p.m. on May rsth. An
egg laid on KXa/mia at 11.11 a.m., May 3rd, 1905, hatched during the
early morning of May gth. Another, laid on Vaccinium at 11.38 a.m.,
May 8th, 1905, hatched between to a.m. and 2 p.m. on May rith. Only
one egg was secured this spring. It was laid at 1.20 p.m., May 14th,
and hatched at 3.25 p.m. on the 18th. From these instances it will be
seen that the period of incubation varies from three to almost six days.

The larval stages.—-I have been unable to discover eggs on the food
plants, except when I have seen the female oviposit, and although I have
spent many hours in the search, I have never found a newborn !arva.

216 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

It is altogether probable that the feeding habits at this time are such that
the presence of the caterpillar on a plant is not indicated by any obvious
mark. My knowledge of such habits is, in consequence, more or less
speculative, and based upon what I have learned from watching the larve
bred in captivity and upon analogy with the related species.

When the caterpiilar finds itself upon Vaccinium it ascends to the
corolla, and eats therein an irregular hole just above the calyx. Through
this it crawls well into the flower and feeds indiscriminately upon the
style, stamens and maturing ovary. Its resemblance to the lower part of
a stamen is striking, and when at rest on one of these it is practically
invisible. I once sought for twenty minutes for one which I knew was
somewhere in a cluster of three flowers, and eventually discovered it head
down ona stamen. By the time the protecting and concealing corolla
has fallen the larva has turned green, like the young fruit into which it
bores in a manner similar to that of Henrict, as described by W. H.
Edwards. From this time it feeds openly, probably mostly at night,
concealing itself during the day beneath a leaf or among the berries.
Larve in advanced stages may be sought with some success on rainy or
cloudy days on plants, the fruit of which has been attacked in the manner
characteristic of fruit-eating Zycenide, although many such evidences will
be discovered for every caterpillar found. In three years I have found
two ; Mr. Harry Cook has also secured two in the same length of time.

I have found it impossible to raise this species on Aa/wia in the
laboratory. The young larve can eat only tender tissues, and Aa/mia
dries out very quickly. Nor have I ever been able to discover a cater-
pillar on this plant. Therefore, I know nothing of the feeding habits
when it is selected as the food plant. Certainly some variation in colora-
tion is to be looked for in individuals which have fed from birth on
Kalmia, if it is the petals which are eaten, for the brilliant green of
those taken from Vaccinium would render them conspicuous amidst the
rosy flowers of the laurel. Curiously enough, the ‘“ Vaccinium larve ”
refuse to eat Ka/mia. .

I have been unable to detect more than two moults in this species,
alihough it would seem reasonable to expect a third, as zws, Henrici and
niphon moult three times. It scarcely seems possible that with the
precautions taken I should have twice failed to note one of the moults,

ER eS ee

at OS

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, pA bs

yet there is some discrepancy in the records of the two larvee which I
succeeded in raising from the egg. Since one cannot be positive about
what was wot seen, I give the records just as they stand in my notes—
records of what was seen. For brevity I use the word “up” to indicate
that the larva has taken its position on the silken mat preparatory to
moulting ; the word “off” to indicate that the skin has been cast; and the
word “‘final” for the last mat to which the chrysalis is to be attached.
Where the time is marked with an asterisk it indicates exactitude ; else-
where approximation made by halving the time which elapsed between
observations. As these were taken at least four times daily (often more),
there is no possibility of any approximate record being more than three

hours out of the way.

FIRST MOULT. SECOND MOULT. PUPATION.
BORN, UP. OFF, UP. Orr, FINAL.| PUPA.
TOOS; == 2.-...,|Miay 31. May 15.|May 16. May 20.|May 22. June 6.|June 9.
Noon. g p-m.|1.30 p.m. * 10.07 p.m.*|4 p.m. I am.|3 a.m.
(2.8 mm.) (5 mm.)
T906......... |May 18. May 21.|May 23. May 30.|May 31. June 7.|June ro.
9 p.m. 7 p-m.| Noon* 9 p-m.|9 p-m. 9 p-m.]3.26 a.m.”
(2.3 mm.) (4.6 mm.)

It will be seen that the 1905 specimen developed rapidly, completing.
two moults in eleven days and attaining a length of 5 mm. The ultimate
stage was unusually long (more than two weeks) and the larva was three
days on its mat before it became a chrysalis. On the other hand, the
1906 larva grew to a length of only 4.6 mm. in thirteen days, was only a
week in final stage, and became a chrysalis in two days and six hours.

When nearly full-grown the caterpillar seems to prefer a diet of leaves,
and for a2 day or two refuses the fruit, after which it crawls to the ground,
and though several days may pass before it finds a spot suitable for the
change to chrysalis, it does not again touch food. ‘The extreme length
attained is 17 mm., but the larva decreases rapidly in size during this
walking tour, as is the case with zrws.

Pupation.—The caterpillar pupates among the dried leaves and dead
grass on the ground, selecting a dark coloured surface in some protected
spot. No “cocoons” were formed by any of those raised by me, although
they were offered the same opportunities accorded zrws, which does form

such a shelter.
(To be continued.)

218 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

A FEW NOTES ON THE LEPIDOPTERA OF 1905.
BY E. F. HEATH, CARTWRIGHT, MANITOBA.

The season was a very unsatisfactory one for Lepidoptera in my
neighbourhood, so far as quality was concerned, and yet several new
species turned. up—new, that is to say, to this district—and there were
sundry other occurrences which I think may be worthy of record.

All Rhopalocera were very scarce; even the more common and
abundant species in general did not occur in the tenth part of their usual
numbers. I added, however, a.species to my collection, Deb/s portlandia,
Fabr., of which I took a couple, and saw one or two more. Of the other
genera— especially the “Blues” and “Hair Streaks”—very few were to be
seen.

Hardly any of the spring species of Noctuids came to my sugared
trees, and except a few hibernated specimens, I got little or nothing, until
the black currants came into bloom. From them I netted a nice series of
“Sharks” of several species, but, strange to say, I did not geta single
Cucullia intermedia, Speyer, which used to be rather plentiful, to the
exclusion of the other species of the genus. eridroma saucia, Hbn.,,
came out in great force later on, and in endless variety. It was accom-
panied by Dargida procinctus, Grt., of which I took fifteen or sixteen
examples—five or six times as many as i have seen during all my previous
years of collecting. I think I recollect having seen it stated that when,
three or four years ago, the larvee of saucia did so much damage in British
Columbia, the larvae of Arocinctus were als> found with them.

Orthosia paleacea, Esp., as it has hitherto been called, or O. discolor,
as I should prefer to call it, was fairly abundant, and I took a very nice
series showing considerable variation, and with them a few of O.
punctirena, Smith. I have only recently become aware that this moth,
paleacea (or discolor) was supposed to be the equivalent, or identical with
the Euperia fulvago of the English lists. I had it in my English collec-
tion, and I have not seen here a single specimen identical in colour.
Besides, fudvago has the black spot in the reniform, whereas discolor is
without it. The specimen given in Dr. Holland’s Moth Book must surely
have been of European origin, or, if not, our moth here in the Northwest
must be a different species to what occurs further south. I might here
suggest of what great assistance it would be if the American entomologists,
who are so busy altering generic names that have been in use for, in some
cases, a hundred (and even more) years, would kindly publish a list of

July, 1906

Lo

os

ee

—

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 219

their alterations in dictionary form, so that when in doubt as to a name
one could see at a glance to what their new names referred. At the same
time, I think they are making a mistake in these alterations for the sake
of some priority of a name given by some obscure writer, and which has
been ignored by his immediate successors, to whom his work must have
been known, and which possibly is the less appropriate of the two, and

how do they know that the rest of the world will adopt their nomenclature ?

To say the least, it does not appear to me to be the way to popu-
larize entomology, which should be one object, if not the chief one, of all
writers on the subject. People get rather disgusted when, having acquired
one set of names, they have, for no real scientific or economic reason, to
forget them and learn others.

At light I hardly took anything, although besides a lamp in the
window [ had constantly a “trap” in an excellent situation. The trap was
built from a sketch given me by my kind friend, Mr. Merrick, of New
Brighton, Pa., and judging from the number of flies that came therein to
an untimely end, and one catch of moths, it would have been most effective
had there been any number on the wing during the season generally. I
took no Sphingidz, no Arctians, very few Geometers, and hardly a Micro,
and none of the other species which come to light. The flies consisted
chiefly of Tipule and various water-flies, with a few Ichneumons. If any
of my readers would care for such ‘‘small deer,” I should be happy to
save them on receiving instructions how to preserve them. The legs of

. “Daddy Long Legs” seem to have a rooted objection to remaining

attached to their parent bodies, and I should be glad to know how best to
eal with them for safe transit.

There was a fair show of Xy/:zas up to almost the rniddle of Septem-
ber, and I took for the first time that nondescript, capax, G. and R.,
which seems to be stuck on to the Xy/mas for want of a better place,
though I should much question if it really belongs to that genus. After
this date the nights became so cool that nothing hardly showed at treacle,
and the late autumn species were conspicuous by their absence.

A folia was tolerably abundant, which has hitherto gone by the
name of confragosa, Morr. I sent some to Mr. Wolley Dod, and he,
doubting the correctness of the determination (which was not mine, by the
way), sent some to Dr. Dyar, who says he thinks they are a new species
between medialis, Grote, and contadina, Smith.

220 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Some of the Cafoca/as were fairly represented. I took a long series
of ériseis, Edw., showing considerable variation, and a relicta so dark
that I think it would pass muster as e/da, Behr, Crategi, Saund., and
precara, G. and R., appeared as usual, but the other species I have taken
here were almost entirely wanting.

One curious thing happened during the season’s collecting, which is,
perhaps, worth recording : On the evening of Aug. 29th I was rather late

in starting out with my treacle pots to refresh my baited trees, and the.

moths were just on the wing. At the first tree I came to I saw a large
moth flying about which seemed new to me. I rushed back to my house,
a few yards away, for my net and killing bottle, but the moth was gone
when I got back, and I saw him no more. The next night, on the same
tree, and at the same time, to a very few minutes, the same moth—or
another—was there again, and I secured it, and it turned out to be
flomoptera lunata, Drury, its first appearance here. f

I have almost forgotten to mention that A/etza (Alabama) argillacea,
Hbn., has been prospecting in Manitoba to see if the cotton plant—or a
suitable substitute—was comprised in its numerous productions. One
pioneer fell a victim to its taste for sweets, and now adorns my collection.

ON. THE OCCURRENCE IN CANADA OF 27 VERA PEA
NARIA, LINN., A EUROPEAN GEOMETRID MOTH.

BY GEO. W TAYLOR, WELLINGTON, B. C.

A Geometrid moth sent to me for determination by Dr. Fletcher

some time ago, appears to belong to the well-known European species,
ffimera pennaria, Linn. ‘This species has not previously been recorded
as occurring on this continent, and there is always the suspicion of a
mistake when a species belonging to the Old World fauna is reported in
America for the first time; but this species is distinctly labelled as
captured by Mr. L. Fanshawe at Tamarisk, Manitoba, and I see no
reason to doubt the genuineness of the record.

The genus Aimera (= Colotris, Hubner) is a peculiar one, and con-
tains only this single species.

A peculiarity by which it may be easily recognized is the presence of
a little tuft of hair arising from below the base of each antenna, and
dropping across the eyes to the middle.

In our lists this genus should be placed immediately before Znxnomos.

July, 1906

ee eae

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 2A

NOTES ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PERLIDZ.
BY NATHAN BANKS, EAST FALLS CHURCH, VA,

In a recent paper on the genus Ch/oroper/a I divided this genus, as
it had been used, into two genera; neither of which being a true
Chloroperla, 1 proposed the names /soper/a and Allopferla. The charac-
ter I used in this division was one proposed by Prof. Needham to separate
the Fer/ini from the (Vemourini. This is the condition of the median
vein near the base of fore wings, whether united to the radius, or running
parallel to the radius. In /soferZa the median vein is as in Per/a, running
parallel to the radius; while in AZ/ofer/a the median vein is like the
Nemourini, united at an angle to the radius. Froma study of the anal
region of the fore wings I find that these two genera can be more readily
known by another character, and that in this respect also A//oper/a is
related to the Vemourini. This new character is the condition of the
two lower branches or veins from the anal cell; in Zsoper/a (type C.
bilineata, Say), these two veins arise separately, as in FerZa, but in
Alloperla (type C. imbecilla, Say), these two veins unite before the cell,
or rather, there is one forked vein instead of the two simple ones. This
latter condition obtains in the JVemourini. The application of this
character places the same species in /sofer/a and Al/operla as does the
condition of the median vein.

In the Vemourini there is one forked vein from the lower part of the
anal cell, the outer branch bowed up to form an elongate cell. In the
Capnini there is but one vein from the anal cell below, and this is not
forked, a character which will distinguish this tribe from other Fer/de.
In the Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXVI, p. 240, 1900, I separated the
Capnini by the unbranched radial sector ; there are, however, one or two
exceptions, or rather, the apical venation is confused so that the radial
sector appears branched ; the character of the anal region seems to be
constant, and the two characters together will readily distinguish this tribe.

The Preronarcini differ from all other /er/ide in having a series of
cross-veins in the anal region ; as well as by their approximate anterior
COXxe.

In the true Ferdi there are two simple branches from the anal cell
below ; but in two species of Acroneuria (pacifica and nigrita) there are
three branches, or one simple and one forked vein ; in some other species
of Acroneuria one of the branches is sometimes forked.

Several authors have divided the /er/ide into two sub-families,

Perline and Nemourine, but the structure of A/loper/a, related to Perla
July, 1906

222 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

by well-developed sete, to Memoura by venation, shows that the differ-
ences between these groups are not of more than tribal value. If it is
desired to have two sub-families, I think that the Pteronarcini should be
opposed to all other Perdide. ~ However, I think that four tribes better
express the relationships of the groups.
These four tribes may be tabulated as follows :
1. Well-developed sete present. . Byece rs : A Ces ene
Sete obscure or absent; one branched vein fai the aca cel of fore
wings ; no series of cross-veins in anal region ; never greenish or

yellowish species. sie sUene aise : ee eee Goa Nemourini.
2. A series of cross-veins in anal region OF fote wings ; anterior coxz
approximates.) oo UU thd ete eee wrens ome ace Pteronarcint.

Rarely a series of cross-veins in anal region ; anterior coxe widely
SEPATALS eo cee ee win SSS See OT aT nO Spy wee wt ol eee cols ha ol cee 3:
Anal cell with two simple or one branched vein from below; radial
sector generally forked beyond or at anastomosis ; redo vein
usually running parallel to radius in base of fore wings... ..Perdini.
Anal cell with but one unbranched vein from below; radial sector
usually not forked beyond nor at anastomosis ; median vein running
into radius much. before base... 05 2..9. neces cee CIE

The genus erdinella, like Chloroperla of authors, contains some
discordant species. The type of Perdinella, P. trivittata, has some cross-
veins in the anal field, a character of Pteronarcys. The Perla placida,
Hag., and some allied forms, differ from Peré:ne//a in lacking such cross-
veins, and are more allied to Per/a. They differ from that genus, not only
in venation, which is allied to Per/ined/a, but also in having much longer
sete, with very elongate joints. Therefore I place P. placida as the type
of a new genus, Perdesta, distinguished by the characters given in the
table below. The Perlinella frontadis, Bks., differs from Fer/ine//a and
Perlesta in having a forked vein from the anal cell, instead of two simple
veins ; it is therefore related to A/loperda. It differs from AZ/operla by
having a series of cubital cross-veins in the hind wings, and by the two-
branched radial sector of fore wings. It therefore belongs to new genus
Paraperla.

All the species originally placed in Ch/oroper/a are now placed by
European authorities in /sopteryx, a later genus ; therefore Ch/loroperla
replaces /sopteryx.

The genera of Per/ide, now known to occur in the United States and
Canada, may be distinguished by the following tables of the four tribes. A

Oa

‘nb pe ena

~~) ap

— a4

a

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 223

few names may require explanation. /er/odes replaces Dictyopteryx, as
the latter name is preoccupied in Lepidoptera; JVeoper/a replaces
Pseudoper/a, the latter having been used previously in the Orthoptera.
Prof. Klapalek, who has seen the type of Zieniopteryx fasciata, Burm.,
places itin the genus Rhabdiopteryx.
Pteronarcint.

1. In the fore wings the space between the basal part of radial sector

and median vein shows some complete or incomplete cross-veins ;

larger species. ays Al eer peusc are P Hil baedets (one 0 LCC OMRI GY S,
This space is free fron cross-veins ; nite tallies
SWSCLES Shims icia stares teeters A sere «Sor sounn dearctin =» Pteronarcella.
Lerlini.

1. Many cross-veins between apical branches of the radial sector, as well
as between radius and radial sector. Bes Pie air . Perlodes.
Few, if any, cross-veins between apical Biahahes of the ‘tial sector,
and rarely between radius and radial sector....... Rabat a cust, 2

2. Several cross-veins in middle part of fore wing Beyond the
anastomosis . Bion tel aic Bcf aon . Acroneuria.
Few, if any, cross-veins in eal nae af fore wing Wee ond the
anastomosis . isis ey. PE rls ee

3. Ocellar friamels more ian twice as coeds, as ee ; isualy one cross-
vein between radial sector and radius, near end of latter. . Jsogenus.
Ocellar triangle not twice as broad as long ; only abnormally a cross-

vein between radius and radial sector beyond anastomosis...... 4.

PMMER TE AL OROCE Ia or a3) setcnarrabegs Senet eran esis postin do Gon cee eee ay Rete aie
Wath; threesecelli: 2.0.4 sets nha sf ecianthae wate ye cyogetnenseeoee S ae ape

5. Sete but little longer than width of abdomen ; the pacesenn much
broader than head. wie tiee rekegeae tae .. Peltoperia.

Setze much longer ; Sranotumn eels frander aan hedde SS apa on S.2.

6. Ocelli about one or two diameters apart ; joints of sete ® ony one or
two times longer than broad. meee ages .. Leoperla.

Ocelli four or five diameters peri : joints ae sete three to five times
longer than oe often a cross-vein in anal field of fore

Bu Toper. eagle yo. i abne .. Atoperla.

7. A series of cross-veins in anal field of ie nes 3 a series of cross-

veins in the cubital area of hind wings; sete not longer than

abdomen .. 2... ree .Perlinella.

No cross-veins in pel field 63 ores wing, eon thiowes to form the

Cera ease eles ee re Seg Shab ahi mc tiene Coste TAGE aie bt sg le alle athe oO

294 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

8.

10.

Gs

T2

i)

From the anal cell there extends below one vein, which is soon forked;
the median vein unites with radius near base, usually but one cross-
vein beyond the end of subcosta.. Se eons Sas be eh

From the anal cell there extend aay two ane veins ; the median
vein near base runs closely parallel to radius for some distance.. 11.

. No veined anal field in hind wings ; only two cross-veins in cubital
area of hind wings; small greenish species.......... bere
A veined and folded anal field to hind wings........ ioe
A series of cross-veins in cubital area of hind wings ; radial sector of
fore wings forked twice beyond anastomosis.......... Paraperda.
No series in cubital area of hind wings, only one near base and one
near tip ; small greenish or yellowish species,.........A/operla.
Hind wings with but two cross-veins in cubital area, one near base,
one near tip, small greenish or yellowish species.........Zsoperda.
Hind wings with a series of cross-veins in cubital area ; radial sector
usually twice-forked. ea Rae : : aN
Sete longer than ionic: joints fi Aactate iuies to ee ‘times as

long as broad, first fork of radial sector much beyond
aNastOMOSIS -. 4.21% wis « e cslocleeetee a OTe ee mee eae Perlesta.
Sete shorter than abdomen, joints of middle only one or two, rarely
three, times as long.as\ broad 12a act> ee eee eta ee

Nemour ini.

. Sécond joint of tarsus’ subequalsto first.9 0.45. chee ye eee ee
Second joint of tarsus much shorter than first. sha xte sree eee
An oblique cross-vein beyond end of Diprese Ria aes eee
No oblique cross-vein beyond end of subcosta.. . . Teniopterys.

Radial sector forked twice beyond SnaBtonOnGn in ee wings the
cubitus, beyond cross-veins, bends up to form an eae

cell. ae tars ota he tee . Tentonema.
Radial? sector ‘oaked we once : peyond anastomosis ; “the cubitus not
forming an elongate cell). |...) 8 tebe es ans dee cece tO prema
An oblique cross-vein beyond subcosta ; wings not involute. Vemoura.
No cross-vein beyond subcosta ; wings involute............Zeuctra.
Capnini.
Apical submarginal space with cross-veins................Capnura.
No such veinlets. van j wai ikar she’s: bial leleneeae
The space beyond aia éell oneek oon aiseal ceil ins... Arsapuia:

This, space much shorter thandiscal ‘cellis.5..«) > amar ss store meens

kth Nepecereniarten se: 2 ON

a Beatie
=r Se!

/

bo
LS
or

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

NEW SPECIES OF NOCTUID.% FOR 1906.
No. 2.*
BY JOHN B. SMITH, SC. D., NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J.

Cyathissa qguadrate, n. sp.—Ground colour creamy-white, more or
less washed with luteous, the maculation black, contrasting. In type it is
like that of fercara, and the lines are identical in course ; there is the
same basal dash, and the quadrate pale blotch on the costa in median
space is very similar. But there is no green shading whatever in the wing,
the black markings are more intense, more contrasting, usually broader,
-and, in the median space, they extend below the costal pale area, shading
into smoky-brown at about the middle of the wing. There is also a costal
black patch just beyond the t. p. line, which is not present in the older
species, The secondaries have the dark median band and dusky outer
border well defined, whereas in fercara these are entirely absent or only
indicated. Beneath, the body is deep sooty-black, with the legs contrast-
ingly white-marked.

Size as in percara.
ffabitat.—San Bernardino Ranch, Cochise Co., Arizona ; 3,750 feet;
in August. F. H. Snow.

One male and two females in good condition. This species bears
almost the same relation to percara that ochracea does to paliida, and the
replacement of the green by luteous will serve to distinguish them, as well
as the heavier and more extensive black markings. There is no question
of discoloration of green, such as is sometimes seen in fercara.

Cyathissa ochracea, 1. sp.--White with a slight creamy tinge. Disc
of thorax with ochraceous scales in some specimens. Primaries, basal
space white, shaded with ochreous along the inner margin, two black dots
on costa. The median space is defined by broken, irregular, narrow black
lines, is ochraceous, fading out to white on the inner margin, and with a
large quadrate white blotch on costa; this with sharply-defined black-
edged margins. Beyond the t. p. line on the inner margin is a large
blackish blotch, which does not quite reach the inner angle. Elsewhere
the space beyond t. p. line is rather irregularly shaded with ochreous.
Secondaries white, tending to a dusky shading toward analangle. Beneath
white; primaries with maculation of upper side faintly reproduced ;
secondaries with a narrow extra-median line and a small discal spot.

*No. 1 is in the Journal of the N. Y. Ent. Soc. for March, 1906,
July, 1906

226 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Expands : .75-.90 inches = 1g-22 mm.

Habitat —Baboquivaria Mts., Pima Co., Arizona, July 15. O. C.
Poling.

One male and three females in good condition. The maculation is
like percara, but the green is replaced by ochreous, and there is no
longitudinal mark at base. The ochreous shade is not a discoloration.

Cerma marina, nN. sp.—Ground colour dark, brownish-gray, with
black powderings, which, on the primaries, are reinforced by amethystine
scales in all the lighter areas. Head and thorax with gray-tipped scales,
disc of patagia with greenish admixture. Primaries so powdery as to
obscure the ordinary maculation ; but in general the median space is
darker than the rest of the wing, and the claviform and space between
reniform and orbicular are darker still and nearly blackish. Basal line
gray with black scale edges, extending across the cell. T. a. line gray,
outwardly oblique, broken, irregularly sinuate, outwardly marked by black
scales. T. p. line outcurved over cell and incurved below, irregularly
denticulate, outwardly pale shaded, A broad but rather indefinite median
shade band crosses between the ordinary spots and darkens the outer part
of the median space. S. t. line pale, punctiform, irregular. A series of
black terminal lunules and fringes cut with gray. Claviform clouded with
blackish, of moderate size. Orbicular large, round, incompletely defined,
marked by green scales. Reniform large, upright, centrally constricted,
incompletely defined, marked by greenish scales. Secondaries dirty-gray
or whitish, fringes darker, an incomplete submarginal line toward anal
angle. Beneath smoky, paler toward base, a common extra-median
darker line and the inception of a median band on costa of all wings.

Expands: 1.00-1.05 inches = 25-26 mm.

Habitat.—So. Arizona, Poling ; Santa Catalina Mts., Pinal County,
Arizona, Dr. Barnes.

One male and one female. The species is darker and more obscurely
marked than any of those previously described, except ga/va, Strck. The
latter is from New York and lacks all green, recalling o/:vacea.

Setagrotis dolens, n. sp.—Ground colour somewhat bluish ashen-
gray. Head and thorax concolorous, vestiture hair and elongate flattened
scales. Abdomen a little more yellowish. Primaries with a tendency to
a brownish shading outwardly. Basal line a dark dot on costa and median
vein. ‘TT. a. line single, nearly upright, a little outcurved in the inter-
spaces, ‘T. p. line single crenulate, obscure or altogether lost, somewhat

phy Mt A ts »a-s)eae

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. A He

acutely bent on costa and even below. An obvious smoky median shade
is oblique from costa over reniform and darkens the outer part of median
space. S. t. line pale, broken, very even, accompanied by a somewhat
rufous smoky shade. A series of small terminal lunules. Fringes a little
rufous. No claviform. Orbicular concolorous, round when visible,
indicated by orange scales. Reniform darkened by median shade, and
more or less edged with orange scales. Secondaries in the male gray ;
in the female smoky-yellowish, in all with a discal lunule. Beneath,
primaries gray, with an incomplete smoky outer band. Secondaries
whitish, powdery, with a round discal spot and an incomplete punctiform
outer band.

Expands: 1.35-1.60 inches = 34-40 mm.

Habitat.—Arrowhead Lake, British Columbia, June 8-15; Beulah,
Manitoba, Aug. 28.

One male and two females in good condition in Dr. Barnes’s and my
own collection. The species is allied to Quebecens’s, and like that
resembles a Carneades (Euxoa) of the Bostoniensis type. It differs from
the eastern species in the less obvious maculation and in the outward
rufous shadings. There is quite a bit of variation indicated since the
male has nothing except the reniform and median band that is at all
obvious.

Luxoa esta, n. sp.—Head, thorax and primaries smoky black, with
minute yellow powderings. Collar with a deeper velvety-black median
line, dorsal tuftings of thorax and edges of patagia with some white scales.
Primaries with all the maculation obscured, yet most of it traceable on
good specimens. Usually the median lines are traceable by yellow atoms
more or less black-edged each side, the t. p. being most obvious. S. t.
line punctiform, also marked by yellow atoms and velvety-black defining
scales. There is a very narrow pale line at base of fringes. At base isa
black longitudinal mark. Claviform narrow, black-margined, sometimes
with yellow atoms, extends not quite to centre of median space. Orbicular
moderate in size, round or oval, concolorous, ringed by black and yellow
scales. Reniform kidney-shaped, moderate in size, with a ring of yellow
scales margined by black. Secondaries in male yellowish-white at base,
becoming smoky outwardly; in female smoky throughout, but paler
basally ; the tendency is to a smoky discal spot. Beneath, primaries
whitish to extra median line, smoky and powdery beyond ; secondaries

228 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

whitish, outer marginal region powdery ; a small discal spot and a distinct
outer transverse diffuse line or band.

Expands: 1.30-1.48 inches = 32-36 mm.

Habitat,—Wellington, British Columbia, July 30, Aug. 14 and Sept.
13. Theodore Bryant.

One male and three females, all in good condition, two of them from
Dr. Barnes’s collection, two from my own. This is allied to vel/eripennis,
which I have from the same locality, but is not so black, and the vestiture
is somewhat more roughened. The type of maculation is much: the same,
but in the old species there is no yellow powdering. Pumctigera, which
is also allied, is a smoother species, in which there is a brownish tinge,
and the yellow margins to the ordinary spots are broader, not made up of
elevated individual scales.

Hadena bultata, n. sp.—Ground colour a reddish luteous, powdered
and overlaid by a darker, more brownish colour, in which there is a vague
rosy or coppery tinge. Head and collar concolorous, somewhat deeper
in shade, collar and patagia well marked, but not up-lifted, dorsal tuftings
small. Primaries with all the usual maculation obvious, but variably
distinct, never contrasting. Basal line single, narrow, irregular, outwardly
oblique. ‘TT. a, line single, irregular, as a whole a little outcurved, tending
to obsolescence, sometimes with a paler preceding shade. Median shade
line a little smoky, outwardly oblique through the bottom of reniform,
then forming almost a right angle, evenly oblique to the inner margin.
T. p. line smoky, single, almost crenulate, outwardly bent over cell and
evenly oblique below. S. t. line of the pale ground, a little sinuate, feebly
defined. A series of dusky terminal lunules, beyond which is a yellow
line at the base of the fringes. Claviform of good size, broad, reaching
the median shade, concolorous, outlined in coppery red-brown.
Orbicular round or nearly so, moderate in size, outline and centre a little
darker than ground. Reniform large, a little constricted, darkened by the
median shade. ‘Secondaries smoky-yellowish with a glistening strface,
a vague smoky discal spot and extra median line. Beneath yellowish,
with a smoky exterior line and discal spot on all wings.

Expanse: 1.40-1.50 inches = 35-38 mm.

Habitat.—Glenwood Springs, Colorado, end of June and early July.
Dr. Barnes.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 229

Two males and two females in fair condition. The species is unlike the
usual type of Wadena, but is an ally of that series in which the secondaries
are slightly excavated below the apex. The range of variation is in the
greater or less powdering which may reach a point making it difficult to
distinguish the markings.

Mamestra tuana, n. sp.—Ground colour dull, smoky-brown, powdery.
Head and collar somewhat paler, crossed by darker transverse lines. Tips
of collar and thoracic tuftings paler. Primaries with all the maculation
complete, not contrasting. Basal line yellowish-brown, margined with
black, lunate, and interrupting a thick, diffuse basal black streak. T. a.
line geminate, outer portion black, inner brown, included space lighter
brown, outwardly oblique and outcurved between the veins. T. p. line
geminate on costa, outer portion lost over cell, inner black, oblique to the
cel], then forming a distinct obtuse angle evenly to the inner margin.
Beyond the t. p. line the wing is paler to the narrow, sinuate s. t. line,
which is of the ground colour, usually followed and sometimes preceded
by black marks. A slender black terminal line followed by a yellowish
line at base of fringes, from which the fringes are cut interspaceally, the
yellow being interrupted by a brown interline. There is a somewhat
obscure median shade line, which is oblique over the reniform and runs-
close to the t. p. line below the cell. Claviform concolorous, distinctly
black-ringed, short and broad, sometimes with a dusky shading across
the cell. Orbicular of good size, round or obliquely oval, a little paler,
incompletely black-ringed. Reniferm upright, of good size, broadly oval,
a little darker than ground, obscurely black-ringed, the outer border
margined with white, forming the only conspicuous feature in the wing.
Secondaries smoky-fuscous, a little paler at base, fringes with a yellow line
at base. Beneath smoky, powdery, with a well-defined common extra
median line and a well-marked discal spot on secondaries.

Expands: 1.15-1.32 inches = 29-33 mm.
Habitat.—Huachuca Mts., Arizona.

Three males and eight females, in fair condition, all of them from Dr.
Barnes, and all without date. The species is rather a well-marked one,
between moverca and Goode/ii, with the wing form of the latter rather than
the former. The little touch of white on the reniform lightens up the
wings materially.

Mamestra sareta, n. sp.— Ground colour bluish ash-gray, head and
thorax somewhat powdery. Front crossed by a black transverse line

230 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

below antenna. Collar with a black median line ; patagia with a black
submargin. Thoracic and abdominal tuftings well marked. Primaries
with a yellowish or brownish shading in the median cell above the clavi-
form, sometimes confined to the reniform only. Basal space paler gray
costally, the area limited inferiorly by a somewhat irregular black streak,
which extends almost to the t.a. line. T. a. line outwardly oblique,
outcurved, reaching the inner margin at or just before its middle, even,
geminate, outer part black, slender; inner smoky-gray, obscure, ‘TT. p.
line rather even, geminate, mostly lost over the cell, with a sharp, well-
defined incurve in the submedian interspace, where it is black and
preceded by a white lunule. S. t. line punctiform, irregular, variably
marked by irregular preceding dashes and following shades, best marked
by a whitish lunule opposite hind angle. A lunate black terminal line,
followed by a slender yellowish line at the base of the fringes, which are
cut with black and gray. Claviform narrow, pointed, extending across
the cell, accompanied by a black shading that forms a more or less
conspicuous bar. Beyond the t. p. line the dusky shading is continued
through the interspace, cut by the lunule of the s.t. line. Orbicular
narrow, oblique, elongate, usually open to costa, black-ringed and usually
a little paler than ground. Reniform large, oval, a little drawn in
centrally from the outer side, somewhat oblique, black-ringed, more or
less shaded with yellowish or brownish. Secondaries white in the mae,
with a mere trace of blackish edging, whitish in the female, becoming
smoky outwardly. Beneath whitish, primaries smoky on disc ; secondaries
with a trace of a punctiform outer line and discal spot.

Expands: 1.00-1.12 inches = 25-28 mm.

Hflabitat.—Arizona; Huachuca Mts., May 8-15 ; Wilgus, Cochise
Co.; Gila Co., May 14 and June; Minnehaha, Yavapai Co., Aug. 20 and
Oct. 2-5.

Nine males and four females from Dr. Barnes, seven males and ten
females from Mr. Hutson. The species resembles vicéva in general
appearance, and some of the larger examples might, if alone, be readily
referred to that species; but with the series at hand, the smaller size,
brighter blue-gray colour and clear white secondaries of the male stand out
conspicuously and make for an easy recognition of the species.

Orthodea gigas, n. sp.—Ground colour a rather bright brownish-red
over luteous, the markings smoky. Head and thorax concolorous, collar
and patagia marked, a small dorsal tuft obvious anteriorly. Primaries

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Da

without strong contrasts, more or less powdery and dotted, all the
maculation traceable. Basal line geminate, smoky, somewhat diffuse, a
little outcurved, T. a, line geminate, broken, the two portions not entirely
parallel, a little oblique outwardly and somewhat outcurved in the inter-
spaces. TT. p. line often broken, the inner more or less lunulate or
crenulate, outer more or less punctiform, as a whole rather abuptly bent
opposite upper end of cell, and then almost evenly oblique to the margin.
In some specimens a supplemental series of dusky and yellow venular
dots crosses the s. t. space. Median shade broad, almost the darkest part
of the wing, oblique from costa between ordinary spots, then parallel with
and close to the t. p, line. S. t. line punctiform, yellowish, preceded by
a dusky shade, which really marks the line, and this dusky shading some-
times extends beyond, into the terminal space. Sometimes only the veins
are darkened and there is a checkered appearance. A series of small
dusky lunules is at the base of the fringes which have a dusky interline.
Claviform absent. Orbicular round or oval, not well defined, concolorous.
Reniform moderate in size, kidney-shaped, incompletely defined, usually
a little gray-powdered. Secondaries dark smoky with yellow fringes.
Beneath smoky, varying in shade, with a distinct extra median, and less
marked s. t. common transverse lines, and on the secondaries a distinct
dark discal spot.

Expands: 1.40-1.60 inches = 35-40 mm.

Hlabitat.—Southern Arizona, Poling ; Huachuca, Arizona; Santa

Catalina Mts., Pinal Co., Arizona, Aug. 26-30.

Three males and three females in good to fair condition, all from
Dr. Barnes. The species is altogether unlike any of our previously-
described forms, and was at first sight associated with Pronoctua, as
probably a form of phyllophora. It belongs in that section of Eriopyga,
as used by Hampson, in which the front is unmodified, anterior tibiz are
unarmed, abdomen not tufted, vestiture of thorax scaly hair, male antennz
ciliate, femora clothed with thin hair, and cell of male with long fine
decumbent hair.

Hlimella flosca, 0. sp.—Ground colour a mottled-dull smoky-gray, in
which all the maculation is obscured. Front of head tending to become
a little paler; collar pale-tipped. Primaries so mottled and the usual
lines so broken and little contrasting that it is difficult to trace them.
The geminate basal line is usually well enough marked. T. a. line seems
almost evenly oblique outwardly ; but is with difficulty followed out, T. p.

232 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

line a little outcurved over cell and even less incurved below, almost
entirely lost. S. t. line yellowish, almost evenly parallel with the outer
margin, sometimes emphasized a little by darker preceding scales, and
this is the best marked line on the wing. No claviform. Orbicular
round or nearly so, small or moderate in size, somewhat paler-ringed.
Reniform of good size, upright, centrally a little constricted, incompletely
pale-ringed, with a tendency to a few white scales at the lower outer angle.
Secondaries smoky in both sexes, rather darker in the male. Beneath
smoky, more or less powdery, secondaries paler, both wings with variable
outer lines and discal spots.

Expands: 1.06-1.20 inches = 26-30 mm.

Flabitat.—Huachuca Mts., Arizona. Dr. Barnes.

Six males and two females in fair to. good condition. An undersized
female from Wilgus, Cochise Co., may belong here, but offers some points
of difference that make it doubtful. The species looks more like an
Orthodes, but has only a slight covering of silky hair in the cell on the
under side, and the wing-form and general habitus is not unlike contrahens.

Teniocampa fractura, n. sp.—Ground colour a pale reddish luteous.
Head and thorax immaculate. Primaries with all the lines broken, but easily
traceable. Basal line geminate, smoky, marked on the costa and through
the cell. ‘T. a. line geminate, nearly upright, outer line sometimes nearly
complete. T. p. line almost parallel with outer margin, punctiform,
geminate, outer series incomplete, dots of inner series closely placed.
S. t. line pale, preceded by a dusky shading, only a little irregular. A
series of obscure terminal dots and a yellow line at base of fringes. No
claviform. Orbicular round, concolorous, incompletely outlined by
blackish scales. Reniform barely traceable, large, upright, concolorous,
indicated by scattered scales. Secondaries dull, very pale, smoky-
yellowish, scarcely darker in the male. Beneath with a reddish. tinge,
secondaries paler, with a variably marked outer line, incomplete on
secondaries, and on the latter a smali discal spot.

Expands: 1.08-1.12 inches = 27-28 mm.

ffabitat.—Huachuca Mts., Arizona. Dr. Barnes.

Four males and two females in fair condition. ‘The species by its
simple male antennze and general appearance is allied to peredia and
Jurfurata, but is more simply marked and somewhat broader-winged.

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Teniocampa indra, n. sp.—Ground colour luteous, in the female
tending to smoky-brown. Head and thorax without markings. Primaries
with basal and median lines geminate ; in the male more or less obviously
defined by smoky or blackish scales, in the females better marked by the
pale filling, which in the male is concolorous; the darker the wing, the
better the pale stands out. Basal line a little outcurved, extending to
submedian vein. T. a. line outwardly oblique, a little curved and a little
outcurved in the interspaces. TT. p. line abruptly bent on the subcosta,
then a little sinuate, but on the whole nearly parallel to outer margin ; the
outer portion of line is punctiform, and occasionally, when the dark
shading extends inward, the entire line appears crenulate. An obscure,
diffuse median shade over reniform, and below it close to the outer line.
S. t. line of the pale ground, relieved by dark preceding shades or
powderings, a little irregular, reaching the margin at or just within the
inner angle. A series of small blackish terminal lunules and a yellow
line at base of fringes. Orbicular somewhat irregular, moderate in size,
concolorous, scarcely relieved by yellowish sciles. Reniform of good
size, broad, kidney-shaped, or a little constricted, ringed with yellowish
ad dusky filled ; secondaries smoky, paler at base, and altogether paler
in the male. Beneath powdery, primaries smoky on disc, with a crenu-
lated outer line ; secondaries paler, with an incomplete outer line and a
discal spot.

Expands: 1.10-1.30 inches = 27-32 mm.

Habitat, —Arizona: Minnehaha, Yavapai Co., Sept. 26 to Oct. 3 ;
Huachuca Mts., Chiricahua Mts., Wilgus, Cochise Co.; Tonto Basin,
Gila Co.

Eighteen males and twenty-four females, of which all save nine were
sent in by Mr. Hutson, and the remainder came through Dr. Barnes. The
species is allied to ov/duca and Utahensis, differing from the eastern form
by its larger size and less stumpy primaries, in addition to differences of
maculation, and from the western in the distinct s. t. line, completely filled
reniform and altogether more powdery appearance.

Perigonica punctilinea, n. sp.—Ground colour a creamy-gray, tending
to luteous, more or less powdered with black or brown atoms. Head and
thorax immaculate. Primaries ranging from almost uniform powdery toa
fairly well-marked form, in which all the ordinary maculation is traceable.
Basal line single, upright, punctiform, marked on the veins only. T. a.

234 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

line single, upright or a little curved, punctiform, marked by dots on the
veins and by powdery atoms in the interspaces. ‘T. p. well removed
outwardly, best marked on the costa, then with an abrupt outward bend
over cell, evenly curved toward the inner margin, punctiform on the veins
as usual. The median shade is marked by an outwardly oblique trigonate
blotch, the point of which reaches the bottom of the reniform, and below
this the shade is inwardly oblique, diffuse, and tends to become obsolete.
S. t. line marked on costa by a dusky triangular preceding blotch and,
below that point, partly by a narrow yellowish line and partly by preceding
or following powderings. A punctiform line at the base of the fringes.
Orbicular wanting. Reniform narrow, upright, dark-filled and forming the
nost persistent of the markings, traceable in all specimens. Secondaries
smoky with paler fringes. Beneath, powdery, with a punctiform outer
line and a discal spot on all wings.

Expands: 1.26-1.40 inches = 32-35 mm.
flabitat.—Southern Arizona, April 15-30. Poling.

Two males and five females in fair to poor condition. This species
has less conspicuously angulated and pointed primaries than any other of
the genus, and approaches Zeniocampa pectinata somewhat in habitus.
The general appearance and the type of maculation suggest Perigonica,
however, and for the present I consider the reference to that genus
warranted.

Lythrodes minutissima, n. sp.—Head white in front. Thorax dull
ochreous, with disc and patagia obscurely white-lined. Primaries pale
creamy-yellowish, interspaces marked with ochreous to or a little beyond
the middle, and from that point the veins are white-marked, the line
extending through and cutting the fringes. Secondaries whitish. Beneath,
primaries pale smoky-yellowish, secondaries white.

Expands: .56 inch = 14 mm.

ffabitat.—Yavapai Co., Arizona, May 21, 30, 31. Hutson.

Three male examples in good condition. This, while not the small-
est in expanse, is the slightest of the Heliothids known to me, and is
almost Pyralidiform in appearance. The darkening by the ochreous
interspaces through the centre of the wing is characteristic.

Campometra protea, n. sp.—Ground colour dull yellowish-brown,
overlaid by darker or lighter scales, ornamentation dark brown or black.
Head usually darker brown, Collar with a broad brown band across the
iniddle, or the lower half of the collar is dark. Thoracic disc, including

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 239

patagia, crossed by alternate pale and dark bands, the contrasts varying.
Abdominal rings narrowly dark banded. Primaries, basal line single,
black, accompanied by a pale shade line, extends obliquely inward across
the costal area. T.a. line broken near the centre, dislocated, forming
rather a band than a line, and this band inay be black or brown, or brown
with black margins. The median line is black, narrow, a little irregular
and somewhat curved, and this usually marks the division between the
paler basal third of the wing and the darker outer half of the median space.
T. p. line single, black, irregular, well and somewhat acutely curved over
the cell, reaching the inner margin a little beyond the middle. 5S. t. line
pale, irregular, forming a somewhat well-defined jog below the apex,
preceded by dusky or black shadings. A lunate or almost scalloped
terminal black line followed by pale or yellowish venular marks anda
dusky interline on the paler fringes. The orbicular is a black point,
which may or may not be obvious. The reniform is an irregular, nearly
upright, black line, beyond which is a diffuse whitish or pale shading.
Secondaries with basal two-thirds of a somewhat paler ground than
primaries, Crossed by more or less obvious brown or blackish lines to a
distinct narrow black line, which borders a dusky band that is outwardly
limited by the black, pale bordered s. t. line. Terminal line and fringes
as in primaries. Beneath an even, dull, deep smoky-brown, with a com-
mon darker extra median line, within which are three less obvious similar
lines, and a discal spot on all wings.

Expands: 1.20-1.48 inches = 30-37 mm.

Habitat.—Yavapai Co., Arizona, May 21-31. Hutson. Babaquivera
Mts., Pima Co., Arizona, in September. Poling. Readington, Arizona.
Dr. Barnes.

A series of over 50 examples is before me at present, and I have had
nearly as many more for comparison, all from the same general faunal
region. No two examples are entirely alike, and the above description
applies to a form in which all the normal markings are well defined. In
the actual course of the lines there is little real variation ; but in the
amount of contrast between the spaces there is much. The basal and
terminal spaces may be _ bluish-powdered ; the outer half of the median
space may be contrastingly dark, or it may be scarcely shaded; the
whitish shade beyond reniform may be scarcely noticeable, or it may
extend to the costa and form a large quadrate blotch. As a general thing
the males are the smaller, although the largest males exceed the smaller
females.

236 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

I suspected when I first received this large lot of specimens that it
might be one of the Central American species, and sent examples to Sir
George F. Hampson for comparison. He assures me that the species is
not represented in the British Museum collections, and as it fits no
description known to me I assume that it is new.

Campometra paresa, 0. sp.—Head and collar deep, almost blackish-
brown. Disc of thorax, including patagia, whitish, more or less powdered
with brown scales. Abdomen deep brown, incisures narrowly black-
ringed. Primaries with a broad whitish costal area, starting from the
entire width of the wing at base, narrowing gradually to before the s. t.
line, where it is abruptly terminated ; terminal space beyond s. t. line also
whitish, interrupted by a dusky cloud at about its middle. The interven-
ing triangle is deep, blackish-brown. The costal pale space may be
without obvious marks except costal dots at inception of usual lines, or it
may be crossed more or less obviously by the basal line, which is narrow
and inwardly oblique ; by the t. a line, which is broken, dislocated and
fasciform ; by the median line, which is narrow and linear; and by the
t. p. line, which is black and outwardly oblique. An extension of the
median dark triangle reaches the apex and dilutes the pale terminal space
at that point. S. t. line pale, outwardly shaded by reddish, irregular and
a little sinuate in course. The reniform is pale, narrow, ovate, and breaks
into the dark triangle from the costa] area. There is a rivulous black
terminal iine following the scallops of the wing margin. Secondaries
blackish-brown from base to s. t. line, the latter a little sinuate, pale,
followed by a reddish shading, the space beyond whitish, with brown
powderings ; a blackish or brownish cloud breaks the pale area in some
examples. Beneath, dull smoky-brown, with a dusky discal spot and
obscure transverse lines at and within the middle on all wings.

Expands: 1.24-1.48 inches = 31-37 mm.

ffabitat.—Yavapai Co., Arizona, May 23-31. Hutson. So. Arizona,
Poling.

Six males and four females in fair to good condition. Although this
species looks like se/em7s, it is really so close to profea that I was at first
inclined to believe it only an extreme variety. ‘Che maculation, so far as
it is traceable, is almost identical, and the description of the former will
answer very nearly for the present species. But though I had so many
examples, I could not get any real intermediate forms to this type with
whitish costal and terminal area, and as this was also uniformly darker on
head, thorax and abdomen, I concluded to risk description.

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 237

Homopyralis edilis, n. sp.—Ground colour a reddish luteous, over-
laid and powdered by brown and black scales forming the ornamentation.
Head, collar and palpi deep chocolate-brown ; thoracic disc more powdery.
Abdomen of the ground colour, the segments obscurely dusky-ringed.
Primaries with outer half of basal space shaded with dusky to the t. a.
line, which is single, black, irregular, upright, and preceded and followed
by a bar of the ground colour. At the edge of this bar in the cell is the
black, punctiform obicular, and beyond it and to the black, oblique
oblong reniform, a brown shade fills the cell and extends across the wing,
forming the most obvious feature. The outer edge of this dark median
fascia is at about the middle of the wing, and beyond it the pale ground
extends to the dusky terminal space, broken on the costa by a deep brown
blotch, which fills the s. t. space at that point. T-. p. line slender, black,
single, irregular, tending to become lost. S. t. line indicated only by the
dusky shading, except at costa, where it is defined by the dark blotch. A
series of biack terminal lunules, each followed by a yellow edging which
does not cross the fringes. The secondaries have the maculation of the
primaries continued across the disk, and an oblong black discal spot.
Beneath, pale yellowish, powdery, with obscure smoky median lines and a
discal spot on each wing.

Expands: .74-.82 inches = 18.5-20.5 mm.

Habitat.—Yavapai Co., Arizona, June 23, 27, Aug. 2, 3, 8, 24. Mr.
Hutson.

Five males and one female in fair to good condition. The August
captures are labelled Minnehaba. In a general way the species resembles
the eastern factus, but is smaller, slighter and with a broader median
band, in which the reniform is neither as large nor as conspicuous.

Mr. Hutson’s collections in this genus included also a specimen of
H. cinctus, described from Prof. Snow’s material, and in the allied genus
Yrias a large series of Y. clientis, Y. repentis and Y. volucris, as well as
smaller numbers of Y. éventzs and Y. adlbiciliatus.

Renia Hutsoni, n. sp.—Head, thorax and primaries fawn-gray,
tending to reddish ; the males darker, with smoky powderings. Head and
thorax immaculate. Primaries, t. a. line upright or a little oblique, smoky,
with a preceding yellowish line, tending to become broken and diffuse in
the male. T. p. line smoky, almost parallel with outer margin, even,
followed by a yellowish line. S. t. line yellowish, a little irregular,
preceded by a variable, often broken dusky shading, reaching the inner

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

margin very close to the t. p. line. There is an almost upright diffuse
median shade through the middle of the median space. Orbicular a small,
round, yellowish dot, scarcely traceable in the female, more obvious in the
male. Reniform narrow, upright, yellowish, with or without a black dot
inferiorly. Secondaries dull, smoky. Beneath, powdery, primaries with
one, secondaries with two more or less imperfect transverse lines, all wings
with a discal lunule.

Expands: .95-1.05 inches = 24-26 mm.

Habitat-— Arizona, Minnehaha, Yavapai Co., Aug. 18 to 21. Mr,
Hutson. Southern Arizona, Aug. 1-15. Poling.

Seven males and four females, all in at least fair condition, and all
save one taken by Mr. Hutson. The species is an ally of flavipunctalis
and pulverosalis by its even median lines, but differs obviously in size, in
‘the obscure maculation and in general habitus. The males are uniformly
darker, more powdery and narrower-winged than the females, and, as a
rule, the secondaries are immaculate. In one specimen an extra-median
pale line is fairly defined, and in two others it is indicated toward the

inner margin.

BARON C. R. VON OSTEN SACKEN.

It is with deep regret that we record the death of our greatly-esteemed
friend, Baron Osten Sacken, the eminent Dipterist, who died at Heidel-
berg, Germany, on May 2oth, in the seventy-eighth year of his age. He
was born at St. Petersburg on the 21st of August, 1828, and for many
years was attached to the Russian Embassy in Washington, and afterwards
was Consul-General for Russia in New York. During the twenty-one
years he spent in America he prepared and published his own works on
Diptera, and those of Di. H. Loew, who was unable to write in English.
To him is entirely due the first scientific knowledge of the North American
species belonging to this great order of insects. A little over two years
ago he published the ‘Record of his life-work in Entomology,” a review
of which will be found in the Can. Env. for December, 1903, Vol. XXXV,
p. 344, and to which we would refer the reader who wishes for further
information respecting the career of this remarkable man. He was an
honorary member of the Entomological Society of Ontario. Only a few
months ago the writer had a cheery, interesting letter from him; he was
then in excellent health and spirits, though so near to fourscore years of
age. Coli Sas:

YHE CANAVIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 239

PRACTICAL ANI) POPULAR ENTOMOLOGY.—No. 15.
Mires AFFECTING FARM HOMESTEADS.
BY TENNYSON D. JARVIS, ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, GUELPH.

Of late years there has been a considerable demand for information
relating to insects which are found in houses, and which either annoy the
occupants by their direct attacks or are injurious to household goods and
provisions. It is therefore hoped that the contents of this article will
be found of interest and practical benefit to those who have experienced
the ravages of these minute insects.

It was upon the urgent request of Mrs. R. Eby, whose house was
infested with mites, and situated at Alma, in Wellington County, about 20
miles from Guelph, that I decided to go down and make a personal
investigation, and, if I deemed it necessary, to fumigate the house.
When J arrived I found the conditions of the house to be exactly those
that harbour mites. The house was poorly lighted, and left in a semi-
dark condition, owing to blinds being drawn to exclude flies. The
interior finish of the house was rough and poor, the wardrobes being
made of unfinished rough lumber, and therefore admirable hiding places
were afforded the mites by the numerous crevices and dark corners. The
walls were badly cracked, and the partitions of the house were poorly
fitted together, exposing loose joints and holes. The walls were covered
with dark paper.

After having made a thorough examination of the house and its
internal conditions, I proceeded to ask Mrs. Eby for information regarding
the outbreak, and when the presence of the mites had been first observed.

It would appear that about two years ago the cellar was overrun with
mites, but these were most likely of different species to those affecting the
house at this time. The cellar had been thoroughly whitewashed, using
a spray pump, and an effectual extermination resulted. Since that time
no more mites had been seen in the cellar.

Next, mites were found in the barn on hay, and the inhabitants of
the house then thought that they had been introduced by being carried in
on the clothing of the men. ‘This, however, did not account for the
present outbreak in the house, as these also were of different species.

Food Habits and Life-history.

It might be as well, before entering further into a discussion of what
methods were adopted for the eradication of the mites, to briefly discuss
the life-history and a few characteristics of the species found.

July, 1906

240 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The mite was identified as Zyroglyphus longior, and is a very minute,
colourless, eight-legged creature, which is usually found swarming in
numbers over and in old cheese and various stored products, such as
dried meats, dried fruits, vanilla, and flour of different kinds. It is rapid
in its movements, has a cylindrical body, and has numerous shining hairs
sticking out on the sides. The species is common to Europe and the
United States.

All through the summer months, and in warm houses during the
winter months, these creatures breed with astonishing rapidity and
fecundity. The rapidity of multiplication, and the extraordinary numbers
in which these mites will occur under favourable conditions, are almost
incredible. The females bring forth their young alive, and these in turn
rapidly reach full growth and reproduce. Through the summer months
the mites are soft-bodied, and have comparatively feeble powers of
locomotion, but it has been ascertained that when necessity requires it,
and when the insects happen to be in the proper stage of growth, they
have the power of not only almost indefinitely prolonging existence, but
of undergoing a complete change of form, acquiring hard, brown, pro-
tective covering, inte which all of the legs can be drawn in repose.
It has been proved by Van Leeuwenhock, who was an eminent Dutch
naturalist, that the softer form can undergo a fast of eleven weeks without
apparent discomfort, and it is now known that in the hard shell, or
Hypopus state, it may remain for many months without food.

Strange as it may seem, the mites affecting this particular farm
homestead were found almost exclusively living in cracks and crevices,
and around and on old clothing and rags of all descriptions. Very
few indeed were found infesting the pantry or attacking cheese or any
other household provisions. This apparent attraction for old clothing
was soon observed by the women of the house, and they at once adopted
a plan for trapping them. Numerous old rags were gathered together, and
scattered around the house in all directions. The next morning they
were all gathered together and carefully shaken over a table, and all the
mites that fell off were then killed at once by hand. On all the traps not
more than from one to two dozen mites were found per day.

The presence of the mites in the house, and their habit of congre-
gating on the clothing, caused a great deal of more or less imaginary
discomfort to the ladies of the house, although the species is one that is

cammbite Se og kapeehesatley Milan i hp rae

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 241

= -—

not parasitic. Between dread of the mites and excess of work in trying
to exterminate them, Mrs. Eby was reduced to a state bordering on
nervous prostration, brought on by undue excitement and a false notion
that the mites were there to stay for good, no matter what means be
adopted to effect a remedy.

Method of Treatment.

After securely shutting the windows and doors of the house, I fumi-
gated thoroughly with Hydrocyanic acid gas, using 24 ozs. to 1000 cubic
feet. This strength was used in order to insure that the gas might enter
the partitions and circulate around the wood thoroughly. The unfavour-
able internal condition of the house made it difficult to estimate the exact
strength required to kili all the mites. After the fumigation all the rag
traps that had been left around were subjected to a careful and thorough
examination, and all the mites present were found to be dead, except one
sole survivor, that was taken from a trap placed in one of the wardrobes.
This being so, nothing would satisfy the exacting demands of the
occupants but another immediate and stronger fumigation. This was at
once carried out, 32 ozs. to 1000 cubic feet space being used. This
appeared to prove quite affective, and no more living mites were to be

found.

Before the fumigation, the Ebys iried burning sulphur fer 24 hours at
a time, and found this treatment to be of no avail, the mites being quite
as abundant after the treatment. Turpentine and Carbon bisulphide had
also been tried, but with little or no effect.

In conclusion, instructions were left to carry out the following plan of
procedure: Clouse all the openings in the walls, and repaper the house
with light-coloured paper. The wardrobes to be made of planed and
finished lumber, and papered. To fumigate with Hydrocyanic acid gas,
24 0zS. to 1000 cubic feet space if the mites should reappear. Nothing,
in fact, but the utmost cleanliness and watchfulness will prevent the
appearance of the mites. All energies must be bent towards prevention.
Food supplies and oid clothing liable to be infested should be inspected
daily during hot weather.

A report has recently been received from Mrs. Eby, stating that a few
mites are yet living. This point goes to prove their extreme tenacity of
life, and it is altogether likely that in every such house kept dark, and
fitted with unfinished rough lumber, mites will be found.

242 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

LIFE-HISTORIES OF NORTH-AMERICAN WATER-BUGS.
BY J. R. DE LA TORRE BUENO, NEW YORK.
II.
Life-History of Ranatra guadridentata, Stal.

Of the water-bugs, perhaps Ranatra and Wepa are better known than
the others in their anatomy and earlier stages. Dufour’s classic on the
anatomy of WVefa cinerea, L., and Raxatra linearis, L., has been followed
by the work of other investigators in these two species, and the peculiar
filamentous ova of the two genera have long been favourites with students.
But nevertheless, thus far no complete life-history has been worked out
for either of them. In the following pages are presented the results of
my preliminary breedings of Ranatra guadridentata, Stal.

The remarkable eggs of Ravzatra have received much attention from
European entomologists, and the use of the two filaments adorning them
has been the subject of much speculation. They are deposited in the
early spring in the decaying stems of rushes, and in the course of three
weeks or so the little bugs emerge. They very much resemble the adult,
except that they are, of course, much smaller. After five moults, they
reach maturity in some eight weeks or so. It is possible that there may
be two broods from ova deposited early in May, but there are no data
bearing on this point, although I have taken young nymphs as late as
September. Incopulation, the male is below and to one side of the
female. ‘The adult female is furnished with a pointed, keeled, toothed
ovipositor, and can be readily distinguished from the male, in which the
ventral portion of the genital segment corresponding to the ovipositor is
not keeled; is flatter, and more rounded at the extremity.’

Ranatra quadridentata frequents deep waters, where it clings quite
fast to the stems of rushes or grasses, with its air-tube or siphon piercing
the surface film. At times it swims about, while at others it simply floats
head down, with the tip of its air-tube at the surface. It will also float
parallel to the surface of the water, at a greater or less distance from it,
and in such cases the air-tube makes an angle with the body, varying in
sharpness according to the depth at which the bug lies. One Ranatra
was taken perched on a lily-pad, the tip of the siphon touching its surface,
and the legs straight and inclined backwards. ‘This is much the position
it assumes on taking flight. After balancing itself a moment in this
posture, the bug crouches far back, with its legs much bent, and then
suddenly leaps into the air with a oad whirring noise made by its wings.

1. Cf. Uhler in Standard Natural | History, Vol. ] Il, p. 255.
July, 1906

Pe ee

Maing ete Ss

OY te Te

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 243

The prothorax is much bent forward, and the anterior legs are bent back
over it just before the insect takes flight. The European &. /inearis is
recorded as flying by night.”

Ranatra swims slowly, with an alternating motion of the second and
third pair of legs. Uhler states‘ that &. fusca may be seen resting at the
bottom, stilted on its long hind legs. I have not seen this myself. It also

creeps among the grasses.

The food of Ranatra, I have found, consists of those unwary insects
that fall into the water. These it seizes in its raptorial anterior legs and
draws slowly to its beak, which moves and twists about, touching the prey
until a suitable place is found to penetrate with its lancets.°

The Ranatra linearis (of which the greater part of the literature
treats) is said to feed on the larva of Ephemere.®

Ranatra hibernates as an adult, and is sometimes found frozen in
the ice of ponds. It seeks some sheltered place under an overhanging
bank, or delves into the mud,’ and there it lies torpid till the spring
comes, when it can be found all muddy and grown over with green alge.
I have taken it sluggish in early November from a hole under the bank of
a pond. As in most water-bugs it is parasitized by a species of
Hydrachna. Its stridulation has previously been noted, and is a peculiar
facuity. The coxal plate rasps can be seen in the earliest slages of the
nymph.’

The peculiarities of the respiratory system of Mesa and Ranatra
have been the subject of a number of important studies. The chief of
these are, of course, Léon Dufour’s ‘ Récherches anatomiques sur la

_Ranatra linearis et Nepa cinerea,”® and his masterly ‘ Récherches

anatomiques et physiologiques sur les Hémipteres.” These two works,

2. Amyot & Serville, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, Hémipteres, p. 443.

3. Bueno, Entomological News, Vol. XVII, p. 3. Also noted by Westwood,
{ntroduction, Vol. II, p. 462 ; and Schiddte, Ann. & Mag. N. H.? (4), Vol. VI,
p- 236.

4. Standard Natural History, Vol. II, p. 254.

5. Bueno, CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, Vol. XXXY, p. 236.

6. Westwood, op. c., p. 461.

7. Marshall and Severin, ‘‘ Some points in the anatomy of Ranatra fusca, P.
Beauv.,” Tr. Wisc. Acad. Sci., Arts & Letters, Vol. XIV, pp. 487-508, Pls.
XXXIV-XXXVI. (See p. 487.)

8. CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, Vol. XXXV, pp. 235-7, and Vol. XXXVII,
pp: 85-7.

~ g, Ann. Génér. sc. phys. (Brussels), Vol. VII, pp. 194-213 (1821).

244 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

although written in the early years of the last century, are to this day of
the utmost importance in the study of’ the Hemiptera. Locy’s work”
follows in the footsteps of his predecessors, and gives nothing new on this
point. In the paper by Schiodte on morphology and classification, the
subject is carefully treated. This will be referred to later, since his views
have been borne out by my dissections. The only other paper on the
subject known to me is that by Marshall and Severin, previously cited,
and to be referred to later. In regard to the last paper, it may not be
out of place here to mention two points, one being the form of the generic
name, which is given as “ Ranantra” (recte Ranatra), and the other that
the figures, which have been drawn with the aid of the camara, as it is
specifically stated, undoubtedly are of Ranatra quadridentata, Stal., and
noOtwt posed, bb.

The substance of Schiodte’s remarks on the respiratory system of
Nepa is that they have, in common with all other Heteroptera, ten pairs
of spiracles, three thoracic and seven abdominal. In this view, conse-
quently, the respiratory semi-tubes are the highly specialized appendages
of the seventh abdominal segment. Attention is called to the three pair
of large sieve-like false spiracles of the abdomen, to which further
reference will be made, and to the very small, nearly obliterated, true
spiracles.

In accordance with the results of previous investigators, the main
trunk tracheze have their origin in the large spiracles situated a» short
distance above the insertion of the two halves of the air-tube, in the halves
themselves. Thence they go up through the bug’s body to the head,
giving off branches, many capillary, which go in to aerate the organs, and
also the nine main branches to the spiracles.

Agreeing with Sch'odte (op. c.), I have found ten pairs of spiracles.
It is to be noted that some authors consider the siphon or air-tube the
lengthened peritreme cf the seventh spiracle, a view that would seem to
be reasonable. It is also worthy of notice that there apparently is no
device for closing this spiracle, which appears merely as a round opening,
as if the tubular trachea had been cut off straight across. The sixth pair
of spiracles is situated in the lateral pieces of the subdivided sixth
abdominal segment. The next three pair are placed in the peritreme of

10. ‘‘Anatomy and Physiology of the Family Nepida,’’ Am. Nat., Vol.
XVIII, 1884.

11, On some new Fundamental Principles in the Morphology and Classifica-
tion of the Rhynchota, Ann. Mag. N. H.? ser. 4, Vol. VI, pp. 225-249.

9S ghia

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 245

the false stigmata. The two remaining pair are situated, that of the
second segment on the longitudinal Jateral abdominal seam, and that of
the first near the prothorax. All but the first pair of these spiracles,
although connected with the stem-tracheee by branches, appear to be
rudimentary and nonfunctional, being merely an irregular slit in the
integument. The second pair can be recognized from the inside only, by
the tracheal connection, but there is no apparent opening. The so-called
stigmata of the third, fourth and fifth abdominal segments have no
apparent connection with the tracheal system. 1 have demonstrated this
in several dissections by isolating the respiratory system /# s7ztu, and
following the branch tracheze to their termination in the body-wall. These
branches lead to the thickened wide border surrounding the sieve-like
portion of the false stigmata, which broadens on the inner side to accommo-
date the true slit-like rudimentary spiracle, to which the trachea can
clearly be seen attached. The late Joanny Martin” has followed the’
development of these in the nymphal JVefa, and finds that they are
formed independently of the true functional stigmata of the nymph, which
at the last moult are narrowly obliterated. What the present function of
these peculiar structures may be is rather obscure, although it is possible
that they may be useful in aerating the body fluids by extracting oxygen
from the water by osmosis. . The structure of these stigmata in (Vepa is
well shown in Dufour’s work cited on the anatomy of the Hemiptera, figs.
194 to 200.

Returning to the respiratory system, we find on the upper side of the
metathorax, under the wings, a large functional spiracle, which connects
by an ample trachea with the main system. This Schiodte calls the
*‘spiracula metathoracica.” Further along we come to his ‘spiracula
mesothoracica,” the second thoracic, which is smaller, and lies in the seam
between the. meta- and mesothorax, concealed by the mesothoracic
epimera. The first pair of thoracic spiracles, which no other author
appears to have recognized, are situate at the cephalic margin of the meso-
thorax, in the membrane connecting it with the prothorax, and covered by
the latter. This pair is Schiodte’s ‘‘spiracula prothoracica.” They are
the largest spiracles in the insect, and are peculiar because of their oblong
rectangular shape, with rounded corners, and because they open not at
the end of a trachea, but in the wall of a large tube, which is here parallel
to the mesothoracic cephalic margin. The function of this spiracle is

12, ‘‘Origine et formation des faux stigmates chez les Nepidz (Hémiptéres).”’
Bull. Mus. de Hist. Nat., Paris, No. 3, pp. 1-2 (1895).

246 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

possibly to fill the large air-chambers that are found in the thorax of
Ranatra, when the head is bent forward at the,moment of taking flight,
as previously described.

The respiration of the adult while in the water is evidently through
the air-tube or siphon. ‘This may also be used when out of the water,
but the main reliance is probably in the thoracic spiracles in the latter
case. The great disparity in size of the latter as compared to the former
is in all likelihood due to the violent exertions Ranzatra makes while in
the air in flight, these, so far as known, being the only occasions on which
it leaves its natural element. Of course, while in its customary surround-
ings, its sluggish habits make deep breathing unnecessary, and, as
suggested before, the so-called false stigmata may be functional in some
way when the bug is submerged.

The air-tube, as Marshall and Severin point out,’ may be cut off
short without causing the insect any apparent inconvenience. This, of
course, has further proof in the varying lengths of the tube in different
individuals of the same species, in different species, and in different
genera. What is more remarkable, is that a difference in length between
the two halves of the tube seems not to affect its usefulness. Among my
captures was a Razatra in which one-half of the siphon was broken off
within an eighth of an inch from the body, and which lived for some
months in my aquarium. When entering the water after being out of it
for any length of time, the two halves of the air-tube are moved
alternately in and out. Sometimes the silvery column of air can be seen
rising in it little by little, from the abdomen, till at length it reaches the
distal end of the siphon. Miall" claims that in &. Zimearis the continuity
of the tube “is maintained by a multitude of hook like bristles, which
project from the opposed edges.” This is not the case in Ranatra
guadridentata, in which these fringing hairs are simple. ‘ Indeed, the
fact that the bug can separate the halves at will as well as move them
independently of each other, would seem to militate against this view.
Further, the natural formation of a surface film where water is in contact
with air in limited areas, would render such a device unnecessary.

In the nymph the respiratory system is very different from that of the
adult. The principle, of course, is the same in both, since both breathe
atmospheric air which they get by piercing the surface film by means of a

13. Op. Cay ps 494.
14. Natural History of Aquatic Insects, p. 353.

ve

Seen

(3 ae

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 247

device at the end of the abdumen that conveys the air to its destination.
Here, however, the similarity ceases. While in the adult the siphon is as
previously described, in the nymph this bisectional tube is replaced by an
involution of what may be the seventh abdominal segment, which ‘ts rolled
up and has an open joint beneath, the edges being fringed with hairs,
The sides of the abdomen are folded under, covering the inferior part of
the abdomen on each side to within a third of the distance to the keel,
which is fringed with hairs, as are the bent-under abdominal edges.
These bent-under edges are continuous with the rolled siphon. Under
these edges, in the channel thus formed for the passage of air, hie the
functional abdominal spiracles. The false stigmata appear as dark thick-
enings of the dorsal integument, but show no opening or internal
connection in the nymph as pointed out by Martin (op. c.). The edges of
the folded-over connexivum are indented under the darkened areas, The
abdominal spiracles are plain circular openings, to which the trachez run.
They present no peculiar features. Owing to lack of material, and partly
to the great difficulty in dissecting nymphs satisfactorily when in the fifth
instar on account of the formative processes then so actively at work, it
has not been possible to demonstrate the thoracic spiracles. This is
reserved for another occasion. a

The detailed life-history which follows is lacking in many particulars,
but this was in a great measure unavoidable, as my material in some of
the instars consisted only of the cast larval skins. ‘These are in many
ways very good for showing details of structure, but owing to their
extreme thinness it is at times impossible to mount them satisfactorily.

Ovum.—Shape : Imperfectly oval, flattened at the upper end, from
which arise two long thread-like processes, longer than the ovum and
thickened at the base, diminishing in thickness toward the apex.

Size: Long., 3 mm.; lat., 1 mm.; appendages, long., 5 mm.

Colour: White at the base, growing dark toward the apex ; when
freshly deposited clear white.

Markings: Surface of chorion thickly covered with irregularly
circular pits, in the middle of which is a point. The processes appear
smooth. *

The egg of Ranatra, together with that of WVepa, has long been a
favourite subject for study, owing to the alluring peculiarities of structure.
Entomological works invariably refer to its bifilamented condition,
especially to that of R. Zimearis, L., on which all the studies and experi-
ments to date have been made. Shuckard, in his translation of

248 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIBT.

Burmeister, figures the ovum of the latter insect zz sztu, but his cut gives
an erroneous idea of how they are deposited. Howard" briefly refers to
the manner in which they are placed, and mentions the nature of the
filaments. Sharp’ quotes Korscheldt to the effect that the filaments are
pneumatic in function, although he doubts it. Burmeister’ mentions the
filaments and the manner of oviposition, and Packard also refers to this
peculiarity."*5 The method of oviposition is also mentioned by Westwood,
who quotes Rosel and Geoffroy, the former to the effect that the eggs are
dropped at random, and the latter as stating that they are inserted in the
stems of aquatic plants, leaving the filaments only exposed." In addition
to these two, Amyot and Serville quote De Geer as to the form and
filaments of the ova. The best account of the ova, with a sufficiently
accurate figure, is that of Pettit... This has the honour of being the first
description of the ova of any American Razatra, although the species is
quite doubtful, owing to the obscurity in regard to the number of our
native forms.

Ranatra quadridentata endeavours wherever possible to insert its
eggs in some soft substance, either a growing plant or a decaying one. If
these be not available, the ova are dropped loosely, although this is the
last resort of the over-distended gravid female. The bug is provided
with a sharp toothed ovipositor, which it digs into the plant stems, thereby
making a hole for the reception of each egg. The ova of Ranatra also
increase in size as embryonal development progresses. They reach
maturity in about two or three weeks, the queer little bugs emerging
through a round cap at the top which carries the filaments. On emerging
they are greenish yellow, and so very soft that they bend double when

picked out of the water, Later, in the course of a few hours, they attain
the darker colour mentioned in the description.

15. Insect Book, p. 277.

16. Cambridge Natural History, Insects, Vol. II, p. 564. e

17. Handbuch, Vol. II, p. 199.

18. Text Book of Entomology, p. 523.

19. Introduction, Vol. II, p. 461.

20. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes—Hémipteéres, pp. 442-3.

21. The Egg of the Water Scorpion (Ranatra fusca). CANADIAN ENTO-
MOLOGIST, 1902, Vol, XXXIV, pp. 212-13.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 249

The three individuals bred emerged, one in fifteen days (the only one
that eventually reached maturity), and the other two, from ova deposited
in my aquaria, in twenty days. Some others were varying periods in the
embryonic stage, but these were not closely observed, although in general
the period was about three weeks or less.

First Nymphal Instar.

Form in a general way resembles the adult. It is, hcwever, broader
in proportion to length. The head, including the eyes, is broader than
long, excluding the rostrum. Each eye is less than one-third the width of
the head, round and projecting beyond the thoracic margins. The thorax
is a little under one-third the total length of the bug. It shows the three
rings.

The rostrum is four-jointed, stout, the first joint stoutest, about twice as
long as the second, and subequal to the third and fourth. The fourth or
terminal joint is furnished with tactile hairs, as in the adult, the antennz
are short, club-shaped, one-jointed, the extremity nearly as broad as the
length, situate near the basal joint of the rostrum. ‘The thorax is a little
under one-third the total length of the bug, and shows the three rings.
The bifid air-tube is absent, its place being taken by the blunt extension
of the terminal abduminal segment, as described in connection with the
respiratory system. ‘The legs are comparatively stout, the second and
third pairs being nearly as long as the entire bug. The tarsi of the first
pair are one-jointed and entirely destitute of claws; those of the second and
third pair are also one-jointed, armed with long claws. ‘The tibie of
these two pairs are armed with a comb-like row of stout spines going
partly around at the distal end, at the tarsal joint, and are furnished with
a few coarse hairs at this end also. The first pair of pedes is the
counterpart of those of the adult, except that they are much broader
in proportion, and do not show the blunt, so-called apical tocth in the
femur.

Size: Long., 8 mm; lat., 1 mm. at thorax ; air-tube, long, 1.5 mm.

Colour: Brownish of varying shades, including the legs, which are
banded with lighter rings. The eyes are black or dark brown.

Markings: None sufficiently definite to be called such, There is a
lighter median line in the thorax.

The nymph that finally reached the adult came to the first moult in
fourteen days, the other two in eight days. The latter were from bred
ova, and the transformation took place in July.

250 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Second Nymphal Instar.

Form as in the first stage, perhaps a little less broad in proportion
to the length. Rostrum as before, except that it is perhaps a little less
stout. Antenne still blunt, short and stout, but not so club-shaped.
They now begin to show two equal joints. The legs as before, the
first pair not quite so broad proportionally, with the blunt apical
femoral tooth beginning to show as an undulation in the inner side of
the femur. The tibize of the second and third pair are better provided
with spines, which increase in number distally. The terminal combs very
apparent.

Size: Long., 13 mm,; lat. not measured, dimensions being taken
from moulted skins,

Air-tube, 2.7 mm.

The survivor came to the second moult in nine days, the other two
in six. These died on the 21st, due to their being carried about in

water. | ;
Third Nymphal Instar.

Form, not greatly changed from the preceding instars, except for
slight variations in proportions.

Rostrum, much as before, but a little slimmer. In this instar the
tactile hairs at the extremity of the proboscis are quite noticeable.

Antenne appear imperfectly three-jointed in this instar. The suture
separating the basal joint is quite noticeable, and that between the second
and third joints shows as an incision in the outer margin of the antenne,
from which a little impressed line goes about half way across. Below
and above this indentation are two prominences, the beginning of the

lobes of the segments. Both prominences are armed with a stout spine,

that of the third joint being about twice as thick as that of the second.
The third joint appears to be pitted at the rounded end.

Thorax much narrower, distinctly trisegmentate. Head closer to
the adult shape, the eyes flattened on the inner side, and quite prominent.
The wing-pads first appear in this instar, though very small and
rudimentary.

Legs and tarsi as before, with the spines of the second and third pair
of tibize stronger, and the tibial comb more developed. In‘this instar the
fringing hairs of the second and third pair appear, scattered on the femora
and sparse on the tibize, but quite long.

The false stigmata are quite noticeable at the sides of the abdomen,
as darkened spots in the integument, The legs are now shorter than the

STs OARS EFS

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Zea

length of the bug, and reach but little beyond the extremity of the
respiratory tube. The first pair are not quite as broad proportionally as
in the previous instars, and show the same urdulations of the femora
where the second tooth will be.

Size : Long. (extremity of the rostrum to end of siphon), 19 mm.; lat.,
I.4 mm.; air-tube, long., 4 mm.

My one nymph came to the third moult in seven days.

Fourth Nymphal Instar.

Form as before. Rostrum but slightly changed.

Antenne evidently three-jointed, the prominences more developed,
and the several spines on the third and second segments quite evident.

Legs and tarsi as before, with the peculiarities more accentuated.
They extend only a little beyond the siphon, and are therefore not as long
as the body by the length of the thorax.

Colour more or less mottled, with banded legs. General tint grayish.

Size: Long., 30 mm.; lat. (not taken, specimen being only a cast
skin in this instar) ; air-tube, long., 7 mm.

The specimen attained the fourth moult in eight days. The short-
ness of the nymphal instars in the hot days of July is worthy of notice.

Fifth Nymphal Instar.

Form elongate as in the adult. Head, including eyes and exclusive
of rostrum, broader than long. Rostrum as before, but nearer the adult
shape. The second joint begins to show the basal constriction so notable
in the adult.

The rostrum is shorter than the length of the head. Eyes trans-
versely elongate, somewhat’ flattened on the inner margin, projecting
beyond the expanded anterior portion of the prothorax. Antenne are
still two-jointed, the basal joint extending into a process, nearly as stout as
the terminal joint, and about three-fifths as long. The suture between the
joints is very faint. ‘The joints are now abundantly furnished with the
tactile spines, which reach full development in the adult. Prothorax
widened anteriorly by the sockets of the anterior pedes, gradually con-
stricted towards middle, and expanding again basally, but not quite as
broad as the anterior portion ; excavate anteriorly for the insertion of the
head and truncate posteriorly. Prosternum not sulcate, deeply excavate
posteriorly. Mesothorax with long narrow wing-pads of the hemelytra,
pointed posteriorly in the middle. Metathorax concealed. First
abdominal segment showing as a ring between the wing-pads of the

bo
or
Lo

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

posterior ale, which barely attain the extremity of the pads of the
hemelytra. A straight suture marks off this segment from the next. The
abdomen is more than twice the length of the thorax, the segment follow-
ing the thorax slightly constricted. The sides of the abdomen are folded
over itself, and are furnished with fringing hairs. There is an indentation
in the edge at each segment that bears the thickening of the formative
pseudostigmata. The abdomen has only six apparent segments and the
siphon or air-tube. The false stigmata show in segments three to five,
dorsally, as thickenings of the integument, darker than the surrounding
skin. The siphon is jointed to the sixth segment, and freely movable.
The abdomen is keeled beneath, the keel bearing a fringe of short hairs
on each side, which meet those of the inflexed abdominal margin. The
legs approach more closely to the adult. The second so-called tooth or
prominence in the first pair is quite evident. ‘The true tooth is large and
triangular, and the clawless tarsus rests against it when the tibia is folded
on the femur. The second and third pair are slender, ciliate, with globose
coxe ; the tarsus of the second pair does not quite reach and the second
goes slightly beyond the end of the siphon. Both these tarsi are one-
jointed, and armed with prominent curved double claws.

Size: Long., 44.4 mm. (from tip of rostrum to tip of siphon); lat., 2.9
mm. (at the thorax, but zof at wing-pads). Siphon., long., 12.3 mm.

Colour : More or less luteous of varying degrees, without any special
pattern. The legs, which in the preceding instars are banded, are
apparently unicolorous in this. This, however, may be the peculiarity of
the two individuals from which this description has been drawn up. The
eyes are black and shining.

This individual arrived at the adult in eight days.

The periods for each instar are as follows, for the individuals bred to
maturity or to the third instar :

Ova taken, May 20, noes: Ova deposited, June 6, tons:

Emergence, June 4, is 4;
First-moult,—© -- 41850 52; ees
Second “ pan 3 PG pee io cy
Third <s*s Puly eter: Died Sti Poaiey eae
Fourth ‘ Sey cre, tenes

Hifth 2e<: 5 Ra WL ws

This gives 61 days from the ovum to the adult, or perhaps seventy
days, if we allow for the time that may have elapsed before the ova were
collected. The full number of instars is seven, as follows; one embryonal,
five nymphal, and one perfect adult.

Mailed July 7th, 1g06.

ee ee eee

Oe Sa eae eh ce cee en end

Tar oot fe ee) a

gale

The G anautiay Fntomologist

VoL. XXXVIIL. LONDON, AUGUST, 1906. No. 8

PRELIMINARY LIST OF THE MACRO-LEPIDOPTERA OF
ALBERBA,. N-W. °T.
BY F. H. WOLLEY DOD, MILLARVILLE, ALBERTA.

(Continued from page 94.)

488. Hydriomena quinguefasciata, Pack.—-Very common. Middle
July to middle Aug. Exceedingly variable. The specimens that I have
from the mountains (Banff) are duller in colour than those taken nearer
Calgary, with less green. Mr. Taylor says: “It is best for the present to
use the name guinguefasciata, Pack., for the moth we have been calling
sordidata. It is probably the same as the sordidata, Fabr., of Europe
(but a good variety), but it is not the sord:data of Packard’s Monograph,
which I think must bear Packard’s name, zudi/tfasctata.”

489. H. ruserata, Freyer.—Mr. Taylor says: “ This species, which
stands in most of the collections as ¢rifasciata, is, I think, really ruderata,
Freyer, of which I have English specimens. The ¢rifasciata of Packard
was not the ¢rifasciata of Borkhausen, which =autumnaéis, Strom.” My
records up till 1905 were June and early July, and I never saw it at all
common. But during the present season (1906) the males have come
rather freely to outdoor light between May roth and rqth.

489a. |. autumnadis, Strom.—Ofa specimen taken by Mr. Hudson
at Springbank, near here, on May 30th, 1905, Mr. Taylor said: ‘‘ More like
European autummnadis than most others I have seen.” The specimen was
much more strigate and less obviously banded than any ruderata I had
previously seen, and certainly suggested another species. But after com-
paring it with some of the more recent captures of ruderata above
mentioned, J am doubtful of its distinctness therefrom. I have compared
this specimen with the species in Mr, Cockle’s collection at Kaslo, recorded
as autumnadlis in the Kootenai list, and believe it to be entirely distinct. |

490. H. multiferata, Walk.—Two specimens near Billings’s mill,
July 3-7, 1895, and June 19th, 1898.

491. £#. custodiata, Gn.—A male at light on Pine Creek on July 18th,
1903. and a female flying in the daytime by the Red Deer River, north-
east of Gleichen, on July 4th, t905. Mr. Taylor tells me that Dr.

254 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Holland’s figure under this name is really 77. excurvata, of which I have
specimens from Victoria, B. C. _ The species bear no resemblance to one
another.

492. TZriphosa indubitata, Grt.—A male on October 22nd, 1go2.
The name stands in Dr. Dyar’s list as a synonym of prvogressata, Walk.,
which Mr. Taylor tells me is not North American.

493. Canocalpe magnoliata, Gn.—Two specimens only, one on July
3oth, 1893, near mouth of Fish Creek ; the other here in the hills at light,
June 26th, 1903.

494. C. polygrammata, Hulst.—A badly rubbed male on July 3rd,
taken by beating in daytime, and a fine female three days later, both on
the Red Deer River, about 50 miles from Gleichen. The first record for
the species in Canada, according to Mr. ‘Taylor.

495. C. topazata, Strk.—Probably not rare in the spruce. I have
only two specimens at present, June 5th and July sth, ‘‘ Billings’s mill.”

496. Gypsochroa designuata, Hfn. One on July 2nd, 1893, near
mouth of Fish Creek, and a male at light at the Red Deer River locality
on July 4th, 1905. The localities suggest a prairie rather than a mountain
species.

497. Xanthorhoe incursata, Hbn.—I have taken it somewhat
sparingly amongst the spruce near Billings’s mill, and in the mountains
near the Lake Louise Chalet at Laggan, almost up to the limit of timber,
the highest-up capture being at Mirror Lake, about 6,500 feet. End June
and July. The species occurs in B. C., but is not common.

498. X. abrasaria, H. S.—A mountain species. I have it from
Laggan, Banff (top ridge of Sulphur Mt., 8,000 feet), Lineham’s lower log
camp, and Billings’s mill. The latter place is almost the eastern limit of
the spruce, beyond which it does not seem to occur. Not rare. Middle
July to middie Aug.

499. <X. munitata, Hbn.—A common and very variable insect, in
which the sexes might easily be mistaken for two species. The ground
colour of the males is dull pearly gray, and there is a strong tendency for
the central purplish band to become constricted in the submedian inter-
space. In one of my specimens the blackish defining lines actually
touch. The females have as a rule the ground colour tinged with ochreous,
and have a wider band. A female from Laggan, taken above timber
(over 6,500 feet), on Slate Mt., differs so in the band from any of my
Calgary specimens, that I felt sure it was a distinct species, but Mr,

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Ai

Taylor has seen it, and refers it to this series. The band is very much
redder, more uniform in colour, has not nearly such distinct reticulation,
and is bordered by narrow dark lines instead of irregular shades. I took
a ciosely similar female near the Chalet at Laggan, below 6,000 feet, on
July 14th, 1904. The only other mzzztata which I have from the moun-
tains is a typical male. Mr. Taylor says of a picked series I sent him:
‘“T am calling it munztata, but our western conva//aria is very like it. It
is zot our British Columbian and Californian defensaria.” Tam indebted
to Mr. Taylor for Wellington specimens labelled convad/aria, and though
forgetting that he had sent me the above note, found myself unable to
distinguish them from the Calgary species. Defensaria, which I have
from boti Wellington and Kaslo, differs, amongst other respects, in the
less concave anterior edge of the band. In the Kootenai list, recording
convallaria, Gn., as common in that district, Dr. Dyar says: ‘ Hulst’s
nemorel/a from Alaska is scarcely more than a variety of this, and both
will be found to unite with the European munitata, Hbn.” End June to
early Aug.

500. . X. ferrugata, Clerck.k—Common. Middle June to middle
July.

501. X. circumvallaria, Taylor (Can. Ent., XXXVIII., 205,
June, 1906*.—Fairly common in the spruce near Biliings’s mill. My
only dates are June 19th and 24th. I have not yet heard of it from any
other locality. Easily distinguished from any other geometer occurring
here by having a well-defined blackish outer border to the secondaries.

502. X. fossaria, Taylor, MSS.—About ten specimens at Agnes
Lake, Laggan, 6 850 feet, just below the timber line, on July zoth, 1904.
Wellington specimens (June 15th to 30th, in my collection) are much more
clearly marked, and look to me like another species. Specimens in Mr.
Taylor’s collection from Stickeen River, in northern B. C., are, how-
ever, somewhat intermediate. Mt. Cheam specimens are exactly like
those from Laggan.

503. Synelys enucleata, Guen.—Two specimens from the Red Deer
River locality, taken by beating bushes in the daytime, on July 5th and
6th, 1905. Both in fine condition. One is exactly like Dr. Holland’s
figure under the name a/adastraria. Of this specimen Mr. Taylor says :
“Tt is alabastraria of the lists, but really a var. of enwcleata, Gn.
Alabastraria is European only.” The other specimen, which Mr.

*““This is a form of the European /urbata, Hbn.”” (L. B, Prout, in litt.)

256 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Taylor labelled exuc/eata, entirely lacks the outer band, but has the inner
and central lines more distinct. I was inclined to believe them two
species.

504. Cinglis ancellata, Hulst—Not common. End July and early
Aug.

505. C.sf.?—A male near Billings’s mill on July roth, 1905, is
obviously distinct from anything else here listed, and I have taken one or
two other specimens at any rate nearly related to it. Names have not yet
been found for them.

506. Leptomeris guinguelinearia, Pack.—The males as a rule ate
taken fairly commonly at light and by beating, in July. It is common at
head of Pine Creek, and on Red Deer River, and I have it from near
Billings’s mill, where I took one of the only two males I ever saw here.
The other is from Lineham’s log camp, in the foothills on Sheep Creek.
The local series differs from specimens sent me by Mr. Taylor from
Wellington, in being considerably smaller, having the lines as a rule less
distinct, especially the fine black terminal one at base of fringes, which is
often absent. A Cartwright (Man.) specimen agrees with the Calgary
series. Mr. Taylor has not suggested a distinct species.

507. L. sentinarta, Hbn.—Common on the prairies, not common in
the hills. Middle June and early July. It is probable that I have more
than one species under the name.

508. ois persimitis, Hulst.—A single specimen on July 25th, rgot,
probably taken at light at head of Pine Creek. I sent the specimen to
Mr. Taylor three years ago, retaining Z. 5-dinearia as a duplicate, an
error which caused me endless confusion over the two names until I saw
both species in Mr. Taylor’s collection last March. Differences which he
then pointed out to me are :—more even outer line (in sersimzdis), general
indistinctness of lines, and almost rounded secondaries. Iam not aware
that I have taken another like it. The species was described from Quebec
and Ontario. Hulst says in the description: “Sent by Mr. Hanham,
of Winnipeg. ‘The species seems to be midway in some respects between
E. inductata and £. 5-linearia. Mr. Hanham writes me inductata is
taken at Winnipeg in abundance on the open prairies, while this species
he has only taken in dark woods.” These remarks are probably not
intended to imply that persémil’s occurs near Winnipeg.

509. £: inductata.—Very common some years, frequenting the open
prairies as well as the hills. A day flier, and comes freely to light.

wre

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 257

Early July to middle Aug. A very variable species. I am not aware
that I have taken more than one female.

510. &. Hanhami, Huist.—Fairly common in the hills, but I have
not so far met with it on the Red Deer prairies, where most of the other
“waves” occur. Middle June to middle July. Described from Winni-
peg. ‘Closely allied to 5-Zénearia and fersimilis, but with much more
rounded wings, and the two outer lines different in direction.” It is a
whiter species than my 5-/izearia, and beneath it is far more smoky,
lacking the conspicuous yellowish costa of that species. It also differs
considerably in wing form. I have compared Kaslo specimens of the
species recorded by Dr. Dyar in the Kootenai list as rotundopfennata,
Pack., for which I am indebted to Mr. Cockle, and am unable to
distinguish them from this species.

511. Annemoria bistriaria, Pack.—A male at light at the Red
Deer River locality, on July 5th, 1905.

512. Lucrostis viridipennata, Wulst—Rather common some
years. Middle May and June. Mouth of Fish Creek and head of Pine
Creek. Fresh specimens are of a beautiful dark emerald, but it is the
most fleeting green I know. It soon fades in life, and it is quite impos-
sible to relax a good specimen without its turning to a dirty yellowish
green or brownish yellow. If set fresh it keeps its colour fairly well. It
was described from Colorado, but Hulst had a Calgary specimen from
me, and called it viridipennata more than a year before the description
was published. I obtained ova in 1905, and find a note that they hatched
on June 2nd, and that the larva fed on Sa/¢x. They produced moths the
following spring, but none were preserved. A day flier.

513. Synchlora glaucaria, Gn., = aerata, Fabr.—Not common.
Head of Pine Creek, end June and July. I have not seen it elsewhere.
Weather bleaches it from green to pale luteous, but the colour is not as
fleeting as in the preceding species, nor does relaxing injure it. A
specimen that Mr. Taylor has from me differs, he tells me, from all other
described species of the genus in having a considerable portion of the

- usual green on secondaries replaced by white. None of my other speci-

mens, however, show this variation.

514. Aplodes Hudsonaria, Taylor (Can. Ent., XXXVIII., 206,
June, 1906).—Seven males, at dusk and light, on the Red Deer
River, north-east of Gleichen, whence the species was described,
and named after Mr. Arthur F. Hudson, its first and principal

258 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

captor. The dates are July 5th and 6th, t905, and some of the
specimens are in very fine condition. Mr. Taylor, to whom I
am indebted for a co-type, says that it differs obviously from its allies in
that the cross lines on the secondaries disappear in the submedian inter-
space, instead of reaching the inner margin.

515. Lpelis truncataria, Walk.—Not common. End May and
June. A day flier. The species agrees with Dr. Holland’s figure.

516. &. Faxonti, Minot.—A specimen in Mr, Taylor’s collection,
taken by Mr. C. Garrett on Fallen Timber Creek, about 20 miles
west of Didsbury, on June 25th, 1904. Another specimen in my own
collection, from the same locality, but dated May 28th, is probably

the same species. The specimens have a much closer resemblance to.

Dasyfidonia avuncularia than to &. truncataria of Dr. Holland’s
figures. Mr. Taylor says: ‘ /axoni is not a synonym of truncataria.
There is an error here in Dr. Dyar’s list.”

517. Lufidonia notataria, Walk. — Fairly
common. End May and June.

518. Orthofidonia semiclarata, Walk. — Both day fliers.
Common most years. |

519. Deilinia borealis, Hulst.—Described from a pair from here.
I have it from the mouth of Fish Creek westwards to Billings’s mill. Not
common. Middle June to early July. <A day flier. No comment is
made with the description, so I presume it had at the time no known
close allies. But Mr. Taylor tells me that Hulst’s D. so/amata, described
five years later from Manitoba, is nearly related to it, but is much darker.

520. WD. variolaria, Gn.—Fairly common. July. The species is
pure white, faintly peppered with gray or smoky, and has no transverse
lines. In the latter respect it is quite unlike Dr. Holland’s Pl. XLIII,
fig. 36, which Mr. Taylor tells me is really exythremaria.

521. D. erythremaria, Gn, ?—Rather more common than the pre-
ceding. Mr. Taylor is in some doubt about the name. They are more
gray powdered and less yellowish than typical specimens. A pair from
Red Deer River have less powdering and yellowish lines, and may
possibly be the true exythremaria. End June and July.

522. Sciagraphia granitata, Gn.—Common in the spruce, upon
which, Dr, Dyar tells us, the larva feeds. A day flier. June and early
July. A small male taken by Mr. C. Garrett on Fallen Timber Creek,
about 20 miles west of Didsbury, on June 14th, 1904, has been placed in
this series by Mr. ‘Taylor, but looks to me distinct.

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 2

523. S. denticulata, Grt—Common. June, July and Aug. It
appeared this year on May roth. A day flier. The ground colour is
normally pale gray, but a purplish suffusion, in some specimens hardly
apparent, in others obscures at least half the ground. The extremes
might easily be taken for two species. One of my Red Deer River
specimens, a female, has the ground obscured almost completely.

524. S. continuata, Walk.—Not common. Middle June to middle
July. Dusk, light and treacle. It is possibie that I may have two
species under this name. In the more usual form the t. a. and t. p. lines
are well defined, broad, and dark sooty brown or black. A less common
variety has these lines very pale, narrow and faintly defined, most of my
specimens of this form being females. I certainly have not every inter-
grade between the two, but in all other respects they appear to overlap.
A male without the black lines was called szzuata by Hulst some years
ago. Mr. Taylor has seen a series, including this specimen, but has failed
to make any satisfactory separation. A female from Fallen Timber Creek,
west of Didsbury, taken by Mr. C. Garrett on June 13th, 1904, has been
referred as a small specimen of this species by Mr. Taylor. The maculation
is not unlike that of some specimens in the series lacking the black lines,
but I suspect it of being a different species. I have stronger beliefs in the
distinctness of a short series from the Red Deer River, which I believe I

can distinguish by their being grayer, having a smaller and less open discal
spot, and a more distinct purplish band beyond thet. p. line. Mr. Taylor
associates this with the EE) form, which I have also from the same
locality.

525. S. mellistrigata, Grt.—Two males from head of Pine ES
July 24th, ugoy, and Aug. gth, 1902. Both at light.

526. A male in perfect condition, July 4th,
1898 ; Billings’s mill. Mr. Taylor has a male from me dated June 24th,
1899, but without definite locality. Probably not rare in the spruce.

527. Diastictis (Cymutophora) sulphurea, Pack.—Common every-
where. End July to middle Aug. in the Calgary district, but at the Red
Deer River locality it is on the wing in early July. I rarely see a female.
A day flier, and comes to light.

528. D. flevicaria, Pack.—Common. July and early Aug. Comes
to light. I have a specimen of both this and the preceding named
flavicaria by Hulst, but the two are easily separable as species, The usual
form is pale lemon yellow, but a few specimens, with no real intergrades,

260 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

are of a dull washed-out smoky luteous, having but the faintest tinge of
lemon, or sometimes none at all. One of these has been labelled
evagaria by Hulst, but up to the time of writing Mr. Taylor had not seen
this specimen. A Chicago specimen in Mr. Taylor’s collection which he
has identified with Hulst’s favicaria is not, however, very sharply distinct
from some of the brownish or luteous specimens in the Calgary series. A
specimen in his collection agreeing with Packard’s figure and description
of occiduaria, but having no data, looks like Calgary flavicaria, but is
much brighter yellow. The plan of maculation is exactly the same in the
two Calgary forms. I never saw a female of either,

529. D. brunneata, Thunb.—Not rare. Middle July to middle
Aug.

530. DY. Hulstiaria, Taylor, = subal/baria, Hulst, nec Pack. (CAN.
EntT., XXXVIIJ, 112, April, 1906). A male from head ‘of Pine Creek,
taken on June 5th, 1897, is in Mr. Taylor’s collection. I had had the
specimen standing in my series of De¢dinia varitolaria, and, according to
Mr. Taylor, Dr. Dyar fell into the same trap in recording this species as
variolaria in the Kootenai list. I believe, however, that I saw both
species in Mr. Cockle’s collection. Hulst, in the description of swbalbaria
compares the species with erythremaria, not variolaria. Virginalis,
Hulst, seems to be an extremely close ally.

31. D. denticulodes, Hulst.—Two male specimens at light, July
22nd and 25th, 1905, one in fine condition, but the first capture rubbed.
Mr. Taylor says these are the first records for Canada. They bear a
striking resemblance to Sciagraphia denticulata, but are slightly larger,
though I recognized them on sight as something new to me. It was
described from Colorado, and the entire description is: “A species
almost the exact counterpart of .S. denticulata, Grt., in appearance, from
some specimens of which I am not able to distinguish it by colour or
markings. It is, however, easily distinguished by the bipectinate antennz
of the male, and the sharply serrate antenne of the female.” It is not
unnatural to suppose that —o/des was the termination which Hulst intended
to be printed, but the fact that the name is spelt the same way in the list
of species on the same page is at variance with the suggestion.

532. WD. sp. ?—Rare.

533. DD. sp.?—Rather rare. Has rather heavier antenne than the
above, subapical mark less produced, and in the subterminal band more
closely resembles No. 534. I had this and the preceding mixed until

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 261

recently. Mr. Taylor says concerning them: ‘Two Dvyastictis of the
inguinaria group.” But he is not able to name them at present. The
only female I ever saw of either was bred on July 15th, 1894, from a larva
beaten from Sa/zx at the mouth of Fish Creek in early spring. This was
named Jéico/orata by Hulst, but Mr. Taylor says it does not fit the
description. End July and Aug. In the Kootenai list zmguinaria is
recorded from Kaslo. I have seen and compared a series in Mr.
Cockle’s collection with both these species. One of his specimens is the
same as my 533. The others are nearer to No. 532, but have heavier
antennee.

534. D. loricaria, Eversman, = Sympherta julia, Hulst.—Unitil
two years ago the female of jz/7a was unknown. Meanwhile Messrs. L.
B. Prout and G. W. Taylor suspected its identity with a European species,
and the capture by me at treacle of a female with rudimentary wings, on
Aug. 2nd, 1904, which I had reason to suspect of being 7u/ia, confirmed
their suspicions. Mr. Taylor writes: “ Sympherta julia, Hulst, is really
Dysmygia loricaria, Eversman, a European species, described in 1837,
which has a short-winged female.” ‘The species stands in the Staudinger
Catalogue under Zhamnonoma, which now gives place in our lists to
Diastictis. Julia was described from Ontario, Washington, Calgary,
Glenwood Spgs., Colo., and Montana. If the reference of the Calgary
species is correct, the description is somewhat misleading. To begin
with, the description of the genus Symp/erta says : ‘‘ Antenne bipectinate
in the male, the pectinations rather short.” I know very few species of
Geometride in which the pectinations are longer, compared with the
length of the antenne. Again, the description of ju/za tells us that “a
submarginal whitish dentate line, parallel with outer margin,” runs ¢hrough
the outer reddish-brown band, ‘‘ having on the inner side a series of dark
spots, especially marked at veins 3 and 4, and at 6 and 7.” As a matter
of fact, the whitish line, always faint, and sometimes obsolete, is wholiy
posterior to the band, of which the “series of dark spots,” a prominent
feature, form the outer border. The species bears a strong resemblance
to the preceding (No. 533), but differs in the more heavily pectinated
antenn, the larger, browner and more open discal spot, and more
distinctly oval brown spots in the centre band. The males are not rare.
Middle July to middle Aug.

535. D.sp.?—A small, poorly-marked, smoky brown species, not
uncommon near the timber line (6,500-7,000 feet) at Laggan. Mr.

262 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Taylor tells me that he has it also from Banff, and from Yellowstone
Park, Wyo., but is unable to name it at present. End July and Aug.

536. Llatea trilinearia, Pack,— Fairly common on the Red Deer
River bottom in early July, where it may frequently be disturbed from
scme of the larger species of sages so abundant in that district, including
Artemisia /udoviciana, ox which the larva perhaps feeds. Mr. Taylor
comments: “The capture of Platea is interesting. I did not know
it before from Canada, except a single B. C. specimen, which I thought
might be an error.”

537: faraphia subatomaria, Wood.—Four males anda female on
Red Deer River between July znd and 5th, 1905, chiefly by beating.
The males are all more or less worn. The female, which is in good
condition, is the largest of the series, and has more obvious scallopings.
It closely resembles Dr. Holland’s figure of waépuncta, which Mr. Taylor
tells me is merely a variety of the same species. I had imagined the
female to be distinct from the male. My specimens appear to be grayer
than anything in Mr. Taylor’s series, though similar in pattern.

538. Spodolepis substriataria, Hulst.—The name is so spelt in the
description, which was taken from a single female from Franconia, N..H.
A specimen was taken at Sallow blossom in early spring by Mr. Hudson
some years ago. Both Mr. Taylor and Dr. Dyar have seen this, which is
Gefective, but not rubbed, and named it as above. Two more have been
taken during the present season. One at Sallow blossoms on April 23rd,
the other, slightly rubbed, at light on May i1th. The first capture has
the ground colour ochreous, and the black transverse lines very distinct.
The two latter are fuscous throughout, and in the darkest of these the
transverse lines are rather faint. All these have a whitish discal spot
situate in a blackish cloud. The cloud, but not the spot, is referred to in
the description. Mr. Taylor writes: ‘‘ The species is immensely variable.
According to Dr. Dyar, /wbarella Danbyi must be sunk as a synonym of
substriataria. Vhere appears, however, to be some doubt as to whether
this is the case.” Both genus and species of Dandy? were described from
Rossland, B. C., from a male only, the female being mentioned as
“unknown, possibly wingless.” ‘ Discal spot white, with edging dark,” is
a character of Dandy, of which the description otherwise fits the Calgary
species pretty well, except that instead of blackish cross lines Dandyé is
stated to have a few black dashes on some of the veins only. Since
receiving Mr, Taylor’s note on the subject, I have carefully examined a

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 263

splendid series in Mr. Cockle’s collection, including both sexes, winged,
the species being recorded from that locality in the Kootenai list as
substriataria. I was unable to make two species out of them, but found
the variation enormous. Apart from that in shade and suffusion, the
white discal spot was sometimes lost, or nearly so, and the black cross
lines, sometimes very conspicuous, were in some specimens almost obsolete,
and in one instance reduced to slight black dashes on two veins only.

539. Selidosema umbrosaria, Hbn. ?— Five males and a female from
Red Deer River, July rst to 7th, 1905, at light and by beating. Mr.
Taylor has one of the males, but in only one of the other four am I
unable to detect a hair pencil on the hind tibia. From the fourth it has
probably been rubbed off in the pinning. Mr. Pearsall’s remarks, in Can.
Ent., XXXVIII, p. 178, (May, of this volume), concerning the absence
of hair pencii in Hubner’s species, leaves me in doubt as to the correctness
of the determination.

540. Lycia cognataria, Gn.—Three pairs only have been taken,
though it seems at any rate widely distributed in Alberta. At rest and at
light, June and early July.

541. <Apocheima Rachele, Hulst.—Four or five males only have
been taken, the captures extending over a period of six years. On the
wing at daytime, or at rest. Head of Pine Creek, April and early May.
Perhaps the earliest of all the spring-hatching Lepidoptera. Described
from Colorado, recorded also in Dyar’s list from Alaska, and Mr. C. V.
Blackburn tells me that he has taken several males at light in early April
at Woburn, Mass., the identification having been corroborated by Prof. J.
B. Smith, who I believe has the type. So it appears to have a wide range.
Mr. Taylor tells me that the female is wingless, and that he has it in his
collection. I have not taken it near salt springs, as Mr. Bruce did in
Colorado.

542. Dyscia orciferata, Wa!k.—Common, but more so on the
prairies than in the hills. A day flier. June and early July.

543. Anagoga pulveraria, Linn.—Two specimens, both taken near
mouth of Fish Creek, June 6th and 7th, but at an interval of ten years. I
collected there for two years, and only remember seeing one, but I cannot
be sure that it is not common there some seasons.

544. Sicya macularia, Harr.—Common. End July to early Sept.
A very variable species, with a striking dissimilarity between the sexes. I
hive the name “var. crocearia” from Hulst, but cannot be sure to which
form it refers.

264. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

545. etrocampa perlata, Gno.—Very common, sometimes rather
abundant, particularly in poplar thickets. Dusk, and occasionally at
light, in July. This, Mr. Taylor tells me, is the common and widely
distributed pale green species standing in our lists as pregrandaria, Gn.,
and is the N. American representative of European margaritata, Linn.
But pregrandaria, he says, was described as a reddish flesh-coloured
species, with thorax sulphur-yellow. The species seems to be unknown,
and the description may have been from a European specimen (Aonoraria,
Schiff.) in error.

546. LEnnomos magnarius, Gn.—Not common. End Aug. to
middle Sept. Light. Mr. Hudson bred a fine female from a larva feeding
on Populus tremuloides.

547. Xanthotype crecataria, Fabr.—Not rare on the Red Deer
River in early July, 1905, but getting rather worn. ‘Taken principally at
light, and apparently all males. Most of the specimens are more heavily
banded, but less speckled, than Dr. Holland’s figure, and a few closely
resemble that of var. ce/arza.

548. Hyperitis amicaria, H.-S.—In about equal numbers to the
preceding species, at the same time and place, but taken almost entirely
by beating willow bushes in the daytime.

549. #. trianguliferata, Pack. = notataria, Hulst. Not common.
End May to early July. Daytime and light. I have a specimen which
was returned to me.as ‘‘¢rv7angultferaria, var. notataria,” by Hulst, though
in his ‘‘ Classification,” published a year later, he lists the names as
distinct. The specimen is a male, and has a well-marked dark spot on
inner margin of primaries, which in others of my series is entirely lacking.
I have only five males and a female at present under examination, but the
series is such as to convince me that the extremes are one species. Dr.
Dyar, in the Kootenai list, draws the same conclusion from a long series
taken in the Kaslo district. I never suspected the existence of two
amongst my local materia]. The use of either as a varietal name is,
however, superfluous, as Mr. Taylor writes: “Packard’s type of ¢triangudi-
Jerata is the form afterwards described as notataria by Hulst. ‘The
trianguliferata of Hulst (nec Pack.) is the less spotted var.” Votataria
is therefore a synonym, as both names refer to the form with the spot on
hind margin.

550. Luchlena obtusaria, Hbnu.—Not rare at light on the Red Deer
in early July, 1905.

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 265

551. £&. Johnsonaria, Fitch.—Comes freely to light, and flies at
dusk. July.

552. &. astylusaria, Walk.—A male on the Red Deer, July 8th,
1905, slightly rubbed.

553. £. pectinaria, Schiff.—A fine male at light in the same locality,
on July sth,

554. Selenia (Eutrapela) alcdiphearia, Walk. —Common some
seasons, notably in 1900 and 1906, but sometimes rare or absent. Light
and dusk May. é

555. Lherne jubararia, Hulst—Two males on the wing after
dark, Sept. 17th, 1903. Mr. Taylor tells me that it occurs on Vancouver
Island, and ‘‘has been passing in collections as Sabulodes aurantiacaria
and SS. cervinaria.” ‘The specimen of these two, which is now in my
collection, and which Mr. Taylor has seen, has much less of the ochreous
coloration than the figure of the female type in Dr. Holland’s book, and
the outer line is rather less waved. A third male, taken at light on Sept.
3oth, 1904, is slightly rabbed, and bears a much closer resemblance to
Dr. Holland’s fig. of A/acearia, and has almost immaculate secondaries.
Mr. Taylor has not seen this, and I dare not separate on the one
specimen.

559. Metanema inatomaria, Gn.—A pair near Billings’s mill, June
26th, 1898.

557. MM. determinata, Walk.—Rare. Early June to early July.

558. Azelina ancetarta, Hbn.—Not common. June and July.
Light.

559. Sabulodes lorata, Grt.—A female, much worn, on the Red
Deer, July 1st, 1905. The wings seem longer, and are more falcate, than
in Dr. Holland’s figure.

560. Lrephos infans, Moschl.—Taken by Mr. Thomas Baird, of
High River, Alta., and at Banff by Mr. N. B. Sanson. Both on the
authority of Dr. Fletcher. (Rep. Ent. Soc. Ont., No. 19, p. 96, 1902.)

. PSYCHID&.

561. Hyaloscotes (?) fragmentella, Hy. Edw., = fumosa, Butl.—A
specimen flying in hot sunshine near the summit of Mt. St. Piran, Laggan,
at about 8,500 feet, on July 20th, 1904. The specific synonymy is on
the authority of Dr. Dyar, who has seen my specimen, and in returning it
commented: “Itis Chalia fragmentella and Hyaloscotes fumosa com-
bined.”

266 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

CossiD&.

562. Cossus Centerensis, Lint.—A rather worn male at light, July
18th, 1902. The specimen was so named by Dr. Barnes, and is not
unlike Dr. Holland’s figure of that species. Dr. Fletcher has seen it, and
doubts the correctness of the name, saying: “ It looks too clean.”

563. C.populi, Walk.?—Probably not rare. A large number of
balsam-poplar trunks (P. da’samifera) are burrowed with what I believe
to be this species. I have bred a few from larve taken from split wood,
or rather left in blocks of sawn or split wood. If removed from their
burrows the mortality amongst them will probably be high. Dr.
Ottolengui has the species from me, but could not name it with certainty,
and I have a specimen referred doubtfully to popudi by Dr. Dyar. Two
males and a female are all I have now in the collection, and they show
considerable variation. Two males only have been taken at light, which
has not been worked near their breeding ground, and besides these I have
never met with any except by breeding. July and early Aug.

564. Prionoxystus robinie, Pack.—One female in a freshly-built
Cottonwood ( Populus deltoidea) log building on Red Deer River, on
June 21st, 1901.

SESIIDA.

565. Lembecta marginata, Harr.—A pair at rest on a Cottonwood
trunk on Red Deer River on July roth, 1904. Dr. Dyar has seen the
male.

566. Albuna pyramidalis, Walk.—One specimen near Billings’s
mill, Tuly roth, 1898.

HEPIALIDA,

567. Sthenopis argenteomaculatus, Harr.—I have a male in the
collection taken near the head of Pine Creek in 1894, which has been
so named by Dr. Dyar. Mr. Hudson took others, but says he never saw
it anywhere but in one valley. Ido not think that Alder, in the roots and
stems of which the Jarva is said to feed, grows within four miles. It has
not been met with in the same district for nine or ten years, but the
locality has not been visited specially for it. Mr. C. Garrett seems to have
found it not uncommon on Fallen Timber Creek, 20 miles west of Dids-
bury, in 1904, and I am indebted to him for two males and a female.
One male is in colour exactly like Dr. Holland’s figure of the species.
All other specimens I ever saw, including the Pine Creek specimen named
by Dr. Dyar, are smoky brown, with very little or nothing of an ochreous

7 ahd ileal

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 267

tinge, and my only female has the darkest markings almost black, as dark,
in fact, as the darkest in Prionoxystus robinie in the figure Dr. Holland@
shows just above this species. The ochreous Didsbury specimen I picked
out of about a score of pale ochreous and salmon-tinted Zguttatus and
smoky-gray and brown argenteomacudatus as the nearest approach I ever
saw to a connecting link between the two. It is, in fact, about inter-
mediate, though I saw no intergrades with either extreme, and I was much
surprised to find that it so closely resembled the figure in the “ Moth
Book.” Flies at dusk in July.

568. S. guadriguttatus, Grt.—Fairly common some years, and
seems to be generally distributed where there are willows, on the roots
and in the stems of which the larva feeds. Mr. Heath tells me that he
has found larve in roots of several other shrubs as well. I have no
specimens quite as pale in ground colour as Dr. Holland’s figure. Flies
at dusk in July. Sir George Hampson said of a specimen I sent him:
“ Argenteomaculatus, not guadriguttatus,” but I have not further investi-
gated the matter.

569. Hepialus hyperboreus, Moschl ?—About twelve years ago I
used not to look upon this species as a rarity, but only one specimen has
been seen for a good many seasons, on October 3rd, 1897. This and
another defective specimen labelled *‘ 1894” are all I have. Dr. Dyar
gave me the name gazna, a European species of Hubner’s, of which
hyperboreus was at that time considered a variety. My use of the above
name is not authentic.

aa RARE, CARABID=PZLATVNUS QUADRIMACUOGLATUS,
HORN.

BY W. S. BLATCHLEY, INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

Among a collection of beetles made by the late Dr. F. Stein, of
Indianapolis, I found some years ago a specimen marked “ Platynus, sp?
Indiana.” Finding no description fitting it in Dr. Horn’s revision of the
genus,* I sent it among other specimens for naming to Dr. E. A.
Schwarz, of the U.S. Division of Entomology. Under date of January 17,
1899, he wrote me that it was /Vatynus qguadrimaculatus, Horn; that it
‘“‘was not represented in the U.S. National Museum collection, and that
only a few specimens had ever been captured.”

On April 20, 1904, Iwas much pleased to find a second specimen
beneath a chunk on a wooded slope bordering the flood plain of the

*Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc., V., 1882, p. 63.
August, 1906

268 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Wabash River, near Grand Chain, Posey County, Indiana. Snow a foot

si more deep fell during the ensuing night and lasted several days,
precluding further search at the time. Grand Chain is not a post office,
but a series of rapids in the Wabash, about 20 miles above its mouth, and
about seven miles below New Harmony, the home of Thomas Say. The
Government has here done much work in trying to render the river
navigable. For a number of years, about 1880, this work was under the
supervision of Dr, Stein, and his specimen was doubtless secured near the
same place.

I can find no reference to P. guadrimaculatus 1n any list or paper
other than the original description by Horn.t He described it from a
single female ‘“‘collected by Mr. Klages, February 27, 1881, under the
bark of a fallen gum tree near Owensburgh, Kentucky (banks of the Ohio
River, near Louisville).” Grand Chain is about 45 miles north west of
Owensboro, Kentucky, which is probably the town which Dr. Horn had
in mind. The beetle doubtless belongs to the Austroriparian Fauna of
the Lower Austral life zone, which extends over the greater part of the
southern third of Indiana,{ and should be sought for on the wooded slopes
of the larger streams in early spring.

Quadrimaculatus is the most handsome of the 38 species of
Platynus which I have taken in Indiana, reminding one of some of the
more highly-coloured members of the genus Badister. Its most salient
characters as given by Horn are as follows:

‘Rufo-testaceous, sides of abdomen piceous, head black, elytron
black, with a large humeral spot confluent with that on the opposite side,
another very little smaller near the apex. Thorax somewhat cordiform, a
little longer than wide, narrower at base, apex feebly emarginate, base
truncate, sides in front arcuate, posteriorly sinuate, hind angles rectangu-
lar, but not prominent, an extremely narrow reflexed margin. Elytra
oval, broader behind, humeral angles much rounded, body feebly winged,
striate, striz obsoletely punctured, intervals flat, alutaceous, dorsal
punctures three, on the third interval close to the third stria. Length,
nes Am,”

(Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XII., 1885, p. 130.

{See article entitled ‘‘The Life Zones of Indiana as Illustrated by the Dis-
tribution of Orthoptera Within the State,” in the author's “Orthoptera of Indiana,”
1902, p. 461.

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 269

FOUR OCHODAUS NEW TO THE UNITED STATES.

BY CHAS. SCHAEFFER, MUSEUM OF THE BROOKLYN INSTITUTE
OF ARTS AND SCIENCES, BROOKLYN, N. Y.

Working over some neglected material, I found, to my surprise, that the
specimens of Ochodeus collected by me last year in Arizona are
separable into three distinct species, none of which agree with the

descriptions of the North American species. A few years ago my brother
sent me from California, with some other material, two specimens of what
I take to be an Ochodeus. Unfortunately, I misplaced one of tne
specimens, and not wishing to dissect the single remaining one, I leave
this species in this genus for the present, till more material is available.

Ochodeus planifrons, new species.—Male: Ferruginous-brown.
Head sub-convex, granulate ; clypeus short, transverse, broadly arcuate-
truncate in front, feebly sinuate at sides, frontal margin single, clypeal
suture feebly impressed, but visible ; labrum deeply arcuate-emarginate.
Prothorax moderately densely granulate, and with very short stiff semi-
erect hairs, median impression obsolete. Elytra punctate-striate, intervals
feebly convex, not densely punctate, punctures irregularly placed, each
bearing a coarse, short hair, these are slightly longer at apex and sides
than on the disk ; sutural angle obtuse. Propygidium with a longitudinal,
nearly parallel, median groove, apical margin strongly beaded. Mentum
slightly longer than broad, deeply, longitudinally concave at middle.
Prosternum arcuate-truncate in front. Anterior tibize tridentate, the upper
tooth very small, and nearer the base than the second tooth. Posterior
femora with a triangular tooth at apex; posterior tibiz, inside at about
apical fourth obtusely toothed or rather angulate ; first joint of hind tarsi
long, elongate. Body beneath moderately clothed with long hairs.

Female: Differs only from the male by having the hind tibiz simple,
the hind femora at apex with a smaller and more obtuse tooth and the
clypeus slightly broader.

Length, 5 mm.

Huachuca Mts., Arizona. July and August.

This species, by the form of the male hind tibiz, is very distinct from
the described species, and is best placed after U//kei in Dr. Horn’s table.*
The size, as usual, is variable ; some are larger than the above measurement,

*Trans. Am, Ent. Soc., Vol. V., p. 180,
August, 1906

270 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

others smaller ; in the larger specimens the angulation on inner side of hind
tibiz is more prominent than in the smaller specimens.

Ochodeus inarmatus, new species —Brownish-ferruginous. Head
and clypeus coarsely rugose, front with a short transverse carina, which is
emarginate at middle; behind the carina the surface is less coarsely

sculptured than before ; clypeus hemihexagonal, margin single, clypeal
suture distinct, but feebly impressed. Labrum broadly, not deeply
emarginate. Prothorax relatively coarsely and densely granulate and with
very short recumbent hairs.. Elytra striate-punctate, intervals feebly
convex, moderately coarsely punctured, punctures irregular, and each
bearing a short setiform erect hair; sutural angle sinuate. Apical margin
of propygidium narrowly interrupted at middle with a small acute tubercle
on each side. Mentum longer than broad, deeply longitudinally impressed
from base to apex, the latter broadly emarginate. Prosternum arcuate in
front. Posterior femora and tibize simple. Body beneath sparsely
clothed with moderately long hairs.

Length, 7 mm.

Huachuca Mts., Arizona. July and August.

The head behind and before the emarginate frontal carina is
shallowly impressed. ‘The two sexes do not seem to differ, except that
the head in what I consider the female is less distinctly carinate
and hardly at all impressed before and behind the carina; otherwise there
is scarcely any difference in the large series before me, except in size
The measurement is taken from one of the larger specimens. This species
has to be placed with peninsularis, near biarmatus, in Dr. Horn’s table,
from both distinguished principally by the emarginate frontal carina of the
head. From the Mexican /urtdus, which has a similar armature of the
head, it differs by the coarsely-sculptured head, the irregular punctuation
of the elytral intervals and the larger upper tooth of the anterior tibize,
which is situated nearer the second tooth than the base.

Ochodeus presidii, Bates, Biol. Cent. Am. col., Vol. IL., pt. 2, 106.—
Male: Ferruginous. Head coarsely cribrately punctate ; front with a
feebly-indicated carina ; clypeus very narrow, with a double margin, the
posterior margin more elevated and slightly more prominent at middle and
at sides. Labrum feebly emarginate in front. Prothorax densely
asperately punctate, with short semi-erect hairs and a_ posteriorly deeply-
impressed dorsal line. Elytra punctate-striate, intervals feebly convex,

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YHE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. oY

with irregular, not densely-placed -punctures, each puncture with a
recurved hair, finer and longer than in the preceding species ; sutural
angle obtuse. Propygidium longitudinally-grooved at middle, the sides of
which are strongly divergent in front. Mentum as Jong as broad, sudden-

ly narrowed in front into a small process, deeply impressed in about
apical half. Prosternum broadly arcuate in front. Anterior tibiz tri-
dentate, the upper tooth small and further removed from the second tooth
than from the base ; posterior femora broad at apex, and with a large,
slightly curved tooth; posterior tibiz broad and somewhat flattened ;
first joint of posterior tarsi elongate, not curved. Beneath sparsely
punctate and clothed with moderately long hairs, the last two segments
more densely punctate than the rest of abdomen.

Female: Differs from the male by having the hind femora and tibiz
not as broad and the apical femoral tooth much smaller.

Length, 6.25-6.50 mm.
Huachuca Mts., Arizona. July and August.

Except in some minor characters, the specimens, which I refer to this
species, agree well with nearly all the important ones used in separating
the species in this genus, as far as given in the description. By the not
entirely impressed mentum this species has to be placed with mandz-
bularis and fronta/is ; from the first it differs by the form of femora and
tibiz and the different clypeus; some of these characters separate it also
from /rontal/is, besides the different mentum. The frontal carina is at
best feeble, and in some specimens entirely absent.

Ochodeus estriatus, new species.—Elongate, testaceous. Head flat,
unarmed, densely punctate ; clypeus very short, reflexed, clypeal margin
single, thickened, arcuate ; labrum strongly transverse, broadly emarginate.

‘Prothorax punctate, punctures well separated, median line impressed,

obsolete near apex. Elytra irregularly, not very densely punctate, without
strie, except an impunctate sutural, surface pubescent with fine, short
hairs; sutural angles rounded. Prosternum in front subangulate at
middle. Anterior tibiz strongly tridentate ; intermediate tibiz strongly
dilated towards apex and shorter than the femora; posterior trochanters
prolonged into an acute process, posterior femora with a triangular, obtuse
tooth slightly before apex, posterior tibiz simple, broad and short, outer
side straight, inside arcuately widening to apex ; first joint of posterior
tarsi elongate, as long as the three following joints; spurs of middle and

272 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

hind tibie dissimilar, the outer is slender and the inner pectinate on its
inner margin. Body beneath, especially the abdominal segments, densely
hairy.

Length, 7 mm.

Millwood, Fresno Co., California. One specimen collected by my
brother.

The more elongate form, the short, strongly-widening middle and
hind tibize, the spinous hind trochanters, the elytra without striz, and the
strongly-reflexed or rather strongly-thickened apical margin of clypeus
will readily distinguish this from any of the described species ; it is also
remarkable by having one spur of both the middle and hind tibiz pectinate.

This species may require a new genus, but without dissection it was
impossible to find characters strong enough for such a course, and till
more material is available it is best placed in Ochodeus, apparently
possessing the characters required for this genus.

NEW SPECIES OF GEOMETRID.
BY JOHN A. GROSSBECK, NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J.

Stenaspilates flavisaria, new species.— g. Expanse, 33-38 mm.
Head, thorax and abdomen yellowish-white. Ground colour of wings
yellowish-white, in some specimens washed with a fawn-brown tint.
Primaries with a dark-ochreous intradiscal line crossing one-third from the
base, curved broadly outward from costa, then bisinuous to inner
margin. Extradiscal line brown, bounded outwardly by a narrow white
line, crossing at the outer third, with a gentle outward and inward curve
to cubitus 2, then with a sharp outward semicircle, and another short
curve to inner margin. ‘The basal area is more or less shaded by pale
brown ochreous, most obvious toward the base of the inner margin. The
central area pale ochreous to fawn-brown, darkest at the extradiscal line,
becoming paler toward intradiscal line. Discal spot white, linear, distinct.
The outer area with a sparse sprinkling of brown scales, the inner portion
with a whitish shade at the costa, which also extends more or less
through the centre of the area. The outer margin distinctly angulate at
media 1: and cubitus 2. Secondaries usually with a transverse line
beginning at inner margin and fading away toward costa, which corre-
sponds to the extradiscal line of primaries ; within this line the area is pale
ochreous, gradually merging into the ground colour toward the base.

Discal spot large, rounded, rather faint. The outer area with a sprinkling
August, 1906

= <r

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 24o

of brown scales, and an indistinct cloud occupying the central portion.
Near the anal angle is a distinct black dot. Outer margin of wing
sinuous, decidedly scalloped at anal angle. Beneath the wings are
yellowish-white, with the outer lines very faint, The discal dot of the
secondaries dark brown, large and distinct.

?.—Expanse, 40-43 mm. Body and ground colour of wings much
more yellow than in the male, and entirely lacking the fawn-brown tint ;
the scattering brown scales, therefore, stand out more in contrast, those of
the outer area collecting into numerous short dashes. Lines, discal spots,
etc., as in the male. The extradiscal line is, in most specimens, more
sharply marked, and the shading of the central area is distinctly ochreous,
without tendency toward the fawn-colour, and also much paler in the
central portion. In the outer area, running parallel to the extradiscal
line, and giving prominence to the narrow white line, is a broad grayish-
brown band, which commences a short distance from the costa, and
becomes obsolete as it rounds the semicircle. Beneath a broad brownish
band crosses both wings, beginning at the costa and extending two-thirds
across the wings.

Described trom five males and thirteen females, Yavapai Co., Ariz.,
May 22-31; one male from Minnehaha, Ariz., Aug. 30 (Hutson) ; and
one male from Yuma Co., Ariz., Aug. 26 (Pearsall).

Types, coll. J. A. Grossbeck ; co-types, coll. R. F. Pearsall, and in

- Rutger’s College collection.

Seems to be very distinct from any other described species. There
is some variation in the intensity of the colouring, several being pale, with
intradiscal line of primaries and transverse line of secondaries obsolete,
while in others they stand out in bold contrast. The specimen from
Minnehaha is exceptionally dark, being heavily washed with gray, and the
fawn colour of the median area correspondingly heightened, and at first
sight suggests an entirely different insect. One of the earlier captures
approaches it somewhat, being intermediate between the two extremes.
The capture of this specimen in August seemed at first to be untimely,
hence the exceptional colouring ; but the later acquisition of a second
August specimen from Mr. Pearsall seems to establish a second brood
without further doubt.

Stenaspilates Smithii, new species.— 9. Expanse, 40 mm. Head
and thorax brownish-black, with a sprinkling of cinereous scales ; abdomen
with evenly mixed blackish and cinereous scales except at the apex of

274 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

each segment, which is wholly brownish-black. Ground colour of wings
grayish, with dark brown scales scattered over the entire surface. Intra-
discal and extradiscal lines of primaries as in flavisaria, but the sharp
outward curve of the latter below cubitus 2 more acute ; both lines black
and sharply defined. Another blackish line is traceable crossing the
primaries from costa to inner margin, close to their insertion into the
thorax. The basal area has an almost even scattering of brown scales,
fewer toward the intradiscal line. The inner half of the central area is
evenly covered with gray and brown scales, but the outer half is very
dark brown, scarcely any cinereous scales showing, and a slightly darker
line subparallel to the extradiscal line is faintly seen running through this
dark portion. Discal spot pure white, linear, angulate. The outer area
is irregularly divided into two distinct colours, the line of division running
somewhat the same as the extradiscal line, the inner portion cinereous,
with scattered brown scales and a brunneous patch in the centre and
toward the costa; the outer almost wholly brown, with two or three white
dots in a line in the centre of the apical half. Secondaries gray, with a
faint yellowish cast, sprinkled with fine brown scales, thickest toward the
anal angle. A rather strong brown line, edged outwardly with white,
extends from the inner margin near the anal angle transversely across the
wing to the costa, ending one-fourth in from the apex ; this line becomes
narrower and fainter as it nears the costa, and the white border becomes
correspondingly weakened. The marginal line is most distinct toward the
anal angle, where it appears as three black crescents bordering the
marginal excisions. Discal spot absent. Margins of both wings as in
fiavisaria. Beneath the wings and body are dirty gray, with a yellowish
tinge, and with fine scatterings of brown scales. On the primaries the
white discal spot of upper surface is reproduced, wnile the extradiscal line
is scarcely to be made out. On the secondaries the brown scales form
short dashes toward the inner margin and anal angle, transverse line very
conspicuous on inner half; discal spot large, round, dark brown.

Described from one female from Doble, California, taken in August.

Type in Rutger’s College, from coll. Dr. J. B. Smith.

This is by far the darkest of all the species of Stezaspz/ates found in
the United States, and by that fact alone may be distinguished from its
congeners occurring in the same territory. I take pleasure in naming this
fine species in honour of Dr. John B. Smith, to whom I am indebted for
innumerable kindnesses of all descriptions.

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. DD

————————— ——

Eucestia fuscata, new species.—¢. Expanse, 24.5 mm. Front,
antennee and thorax fuscous, with a sprinkling of white scales; palpi white
at basal and fuscous at apical half; vertex wholly brown. Ground colour
of primaries whitish-cinereous, thickly overlaid with fuscous scales. Three
parallel whitish lines, the inner beginning one-fourth from the apex on the
costa, and terminating one-third from the inner angle on the inner
margin, extend obliquely across the wing, curving outward at radius 5,
and inward at cubitus 2. These lines are almost obsolete a little below

radius 5 to media 2, the innermost showing most plainly. The outer line
in the apical portion of the wing deeply scalloped. The terminal line
deep fuscous, preceded and narrowly broken by whitish scales. The basal
line is represented by an oblique, rather broad mark, in the centre of the
wing, slightly nearer the inner margin. The discal spot is deep fuscous,
linear. Veins, media 1, media 3 and cubitus 1 are darkened by fuscous
scales from the centre of the wing to the inner transverse line. Fringe
checkered white and pale fuscous. Secondaries smoky brown, slightly
darker at the apex, and with darker squares in the fringe. Beneath it is
pale smoky brown, peppered with white scales along the costa and outer
margin ; the fringe checkered as above.

Described from one male received from Dr. J. B. Smith, taken at
Colton, ‘Cal., Feb, 26.

Type in Rutger’s College, from coll. Dr. J. B. Smith.

In spite of the close similarity of the markings to Lucestza rotundata,
I am positive that this will remain a good species. The outward curva-

ture of the transverse white Jines and the suffusion of fuscous scales,
combine to make the species distinct.

THE SNOW FLY, CHIONEA VALGA.

BY C. N. AINSLIE, ROCHESTER, MINN.

From allusions that are met with in papers and letters, the Snow Fly
seems to be to most collectors a mythical insect, seldom described and
more infrequently found. ‘The late Dr. Lugger claimed to have taken it
in Minnesota, but, a short time before his death, when he undertook to
show me an example of the insect, it could not be found either in his own or
the State collection. It is true he figured it in his Second Annual Report,
issued in 1896, but that and the figure in the last State report, 1905, are

276 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

somewhat misleading, and fail short of an adequate representation.
Indeed, it is next to impossible to represent the fly as it appears in actual
life, ““ambling” across the landscape, for to my mind it resembles a clumsy
little black spider more than anything else.

A neighbour of my boyhood days used to tell me of a fly that he had

?

found at times in the snow, although I believe he called it a “snow flea,’
but his ideas on other subjects were peculiar, and I gave scant credence
to his fly stories. Professor Lugger and I have several times waded
patiently through snow, looking carefully for this insect, but never until
last Christmas did I ever see one. My son and myself were walking along
a little-used road on top of a bluff at the edge of this city late in December

last, when we were met by one of these strange fellows, staggering active-
ly along the sleigh track toward us. It was a winter afternoon, the sun
almost setting, the snow a foot deep, or more, the surface snow at least
ten days old, a cool breeze blowing, and the mercury 15 degrees above
zero, Fahr. I recognized him at a glance as I would an old friend, and,
gathered him in. It was a male, and when touched feigned death, but in
a few seconds started on again. Ina vial in the warmth of my pocket it
died within a few minutes.

Two days later my son searched the same vicinity carefully during
the forenoon and took two more,a male and female, which mated
instantly when bottled together. This pair was kept out of doors that
night under an inverted glass on snow, but the next morning were both
dead, or nearly so. The snow below the glass was carefully melted, but
no trace of eggs was found.

The fly appears black when seen against snow, but is really a
blackish-gray, the body velvety and soft. The halteres are prominent.
The legs are the most striking feature in the make-up of the creature, and
are three or four times as long as the body, loosely attached as in the
Tipulidae. The body is about three millimetres in length, besides the
antennze, which are peculiar in shape and are inadequately represented in
the delineations referred to above.

The life-history of the Snow Fly has been partially worked out in
Europe, but under the conditions of life in which it exists in this vicinity
it would certainly be exceedingly difficult to follow successfully, except in
rare cases,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 277

SOME BEES FROM, WASHINGTON STATE.
BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, BOULDER, COLO.

The State of Washington is remarkable for the possession of two very
different faunz : that of the damp coast region, and that of the inland
plains and valleys.* The bees of the coast region have become fairly
well known through the collections of Professor T. Kincaid and others,
but the inland bee-fauna has as yet yielded to science only a fraction of
its riches. On May 25, 1896, Professor Kincaid collected at Pasco, and
obtained a remarkable series of specimens, including new species of
Colletes, Andrena (two), Momada (two), Cadlliopsis, Osmia,t Anthophora
and Emphoropsis. The results of this single day’s work will ever be
memorable in the history of Apidology, and from this and other miscel-
laneous collections, we may fairly assume that the region contains a whole
new fauna. Not long ago Mr. Titus passed through Pasco, and found it a
desolate-looking place ; the region is not one of luxuriant vegetation, but
represents the northern extension of the arid desert or semidesert,
carrying with it an essentially southern bee-fauna, as shown by Cad“iopsis,
Dasiapis, Nomia, etc.

When Mr. A. L. Melander went to Washington State, I hoped that
he would in due course give us an account of the interior country, and
make known its real possibilities in the way of Hymenoptera. This he is
beginning to do, for the other day I received from Mr. Viereck a box of
bees, transmitted to him by Mr. Melander, with the request that they
should be worked up. Although I was more than occupied in other
ways, they were so interesting that I could not do otherwise than examine
them, and I give here part of the result. .

Emphoropsis cinerarta (Smith).

Yakima, Wash., April 21, 1905. 2. Previously known only from
Vancouver I.

Anthophora.

The following were taken by Eldred Jenne at N. Yakima, Wash., in
1903: A. Crotchii, Cr. (May 24); A. simillima, Cr. (May 9); A. urbana,
Cr. (June 26); 4. Washingtoni, Ckll. (May 27); A. zgnava, Cr. (May
23); A. sodalis, Cr., both sexes (May 27); and 4. Hdwardsit, Cr.

(May 9).

*See American Naturalist, Jan., 1899, pp. 41-42.
|Osmia Pascoensis, Ckll., discovered at Pasco, was taken by meat flowers of
Carduus, at Boulder, Colorado, July 3, 1905.
August, 1906

978 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The following are from Yakima, Wash., 1905: A. Hdwardsit, Cr.
(April 20 and 21); A. Crotchit, Cr. (April 21).

All these appear to be new to the State, except Washingtoni and
Crotchit. The latter is omitted by Mr. Viereck in Canap. ENTOM., 1905,
p. 313, but it was recorded from Pasco in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila.,
1898, p. 54.

Tetralonia Yakimensis, n. sp.

$.—Length about 131% mm.; black, the clypeus (except a deep
rounded incision on each side) rather light lemon-yellow, the labrum
yellowish-white ; hair of head and thorax dullish pale ochreous ; abdomen
with the first segment covered with very pale ochreous hair, the remaining
segments with coarse black hair, with no light hair in front of the apical
plate, nor any bands ; tarsi, especially the small joints, rufescent ; hair on
inner side of basal joint orange ; basal joint of middle tarsi twisted, and
with an apical projection ; hind spurs normal. Runs in my tables (Tr.
Amer. Ent. Soc., 1906) to 7: Californica (Cr.), from which it is easily
separated by the black hair of second abdominal segment, and absence of
reddish hair on apical part of abdomen. By the coloration of the
abdominal hair, it resembles 7: aceréa, but that is smaller, and has not
the deformed middle tarsi. The closest affinity is no doubt with 7:
fulvitarsis (Cr.), which has just the same leg-structure. TZ: Yakimensis
differs from /udvitarsis by its more robust form; the hair on second
abdominal segment black instead of pale ; the absence of a light tuft
before the apical plate ; the piceous instead of ferruginous nervures ; the
yellowish (instead of white) hair of legs ; the dull disc of mesothorax, with
less conspicuous punctures. The facial quadrangle is much longer than
broad, the yellow of the clypeus almost touches the eye, and the man-
dibles have no yellow spot. The antenne are practically as in fudvitarsts.

fab.--Yakima, Washington State, April 21, 1905 ( Melander).
Received through Mr. Viereck.

Tetralonia Douglasiana, n. sp.

?.—Length about 14% mm., the light pubescence gray to white,
only very faintly yellowish on thorax above ; hair on inner side of basal
joint of hind tarsi clear ferruginous; flagellum very faintly reddish
beneath ; tegule ferruginous, fuscous basally ; abdomen with very broad
bands of white tomentum on segments 2 to 4; the white band on 5 very
broadly interrupted in the middle by dark rufo-fuscous; wings dusky, with
a yellow tint, the nervures piceous; no dark hair on mesothorax or

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 279

scutellum ; facial quadrangle somewhat broader than long ; hind spurs
pale ferruginous, not at all, hooked. The scopa of the hind tibie is
slightly plumose only, as in 7: Belfrage?. In my tables this runs (making
allewance for the large amount of white at sides of segment 5) to 7.
Cordleyi ; if sought in the series with the apical hair reddish, it runs to
vs speciosa or Cord/leyi. It differs thus from various species which might
be confused with it :

1. From sfeciosa by its smaller size, silvery white (not yellow) hair
of hind tibiz, different colour of hair of apex, gray hair of mesothorax,
etc. The pale bands on segments 2-4 are as in sfeciosa, except that that
on 2 is not appreciably narrowed in the middle, and that on 3 has its
upper edge straight (strongly concave laterally in sfectosa). ‘The bands
are also whiter.

2, From Cordleyi by the whiter and much broader abdominal bands,
the upper ijateral corners of the second segment being covered with
pubescence; whereas in Cord/eyz they are broadly black. The hair of the
mesothorax is also quite differently coloured.

3. From 4elfrage: by the much broader light bands of abdomen, and
the dullish gray aspect of the whole abdomen, instead of the clear black
and white of Bedfragei.

4. From Fow/deri by the larger size, much broader band on second
abdominal segment, etc.

5. From virgata by the hair of mesothorax, ornamentation of
abdomen, etc.

Hab.—Steamboat Rock, Grand Coulee, Douglas County, Washing-
ton State, July 10, 1902. Received from Mr. Viereck, who received it
from Mr. A. L. Melander.

Nomia Melandrt, n. sp.

?.—Length about 12'%4 mm.; hind margins of abdominal segments
2 to 4 with very broad light emerald:green tegumentary bands ; first
segment with a little green at the hind corners. Closely allied to WV.
Foxti, D. 'T., but larger (though not nearly so large as JV. WVorton?), and
differing as follows: anterior part of mesothorax with very pale grayish-
ochreous hair, with black bristles intermixed; posterior-part of mesothorax
mainly exposed, shining, impunctate, except for a few large punctures
near the region of pubescence, and scattered scarcely visible rudiments of

280 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

punctures ; scutellum smooth and almost impunctate ; apical depression
of first abdominal segment bounded above by a. strong ridge, which is
concave toward the depression (in /ox7i the depression-is less conspicu-
ously bounded, and the boundary is straight) ; first r. n. entering second
s. m. a little beyond the beginning of its last third. Otherwise /oxd and
Melandri are about the same, but the difference of thoracic sculpture
makes the latter a very easily-separated species.

Hab.—N. Yakima, Washington State, July ro, 1903, “Yakima Expedi-
tion.” Sent by Mr. A. L. Melander to Mr. Viereck, who transmitted it
to me.

Sphecodes Columbia, n. sp.

9 .—Length about 11 mm., of anterior wing just over 7 mm., width
of abdomen about 223 mm.; head and thorax black, abdomen long,
entirely bright yellowish-ferruginous ; legs black, only the small joints of
tarsi dark reddish ; wings strongly brownish in the region of the cells ;
flagellum stout, the apical half obscure reddish beneath ; third antennal
joint longer than fourth, and somewhat longer than broad; labrum
broad, not emarginate, nor much produced; mandibles stout and blunt,
wholly without an inner tooth ; clypeus with very large partially-confluent
punctures. ‘This was taken, at first sight, for S. A¢ncaidiz, but it is not
that species. With the large size and simple and dark mandibles of
Drepanium, it combines the ordinary labrum of Sphecodes, etc. It agrees
with the description of S. K¢wcaidiz except as follows: Size smaller ; face
with scanty dull white pubescence, but also coarse’ black bristles ;
antenne not wholly dark ; first joint of flagellum not so short ; mandibles
simple ; mesothorax with’ large strong punctures on a shining ground
posteriorly, but rugose anteriorly ; tegule with hyaline margins ; stigma
ordinary, not especially large ; hind tarsi not all red; second abdominal
segment with small close punctures basally ; third punctured like the
second, except that the area of small close punctures is larger. The first
segment, and the second and third except basally, have scattered strong
punctures on a very shiny ground ; apex with dark hair; apical plate small
and narrow ; second submarginal cell very narrow, much higher than
broad, receiving the first r. n. near the beginning of its last third; area of
metathorax hemispherical in outline, regularly cancellate, with a very
sharp and definite rym. By reason of the area of metathorax, the smooth
sparsely-punctured base of abdomen, etc., one is reminded of S.
arroyanus, which, however, differs from §, Co/umdie@ by the shorter area of

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 281

metathorax, with much less definite cancellation, the paler hair of apex
of abdomen, the copious pale hair of face, the shining and strongly-
punctured anterior part of mesothorax, the smaller and darker tegule, etc.

Hab.—Grand Coulee, ‘‘Columbia River,” Washington State, July r2,
1g02. Sent by Mr. Melander to Mr. Viereck.

Dasiapis ochracea, Ckll.
¢6.—N. Yakima, Washington State, June 26, 1903, two (Aldred
Jenne). Like a Diadasia, but the clypeus of the male is cream-coloured.
Not previously known north of New Mexico and Arizona; it well
illustrates the northward extension of the southern fauna in the interior
region west of the Rockies.

Lvomada Jennei, n. sp.

d.—Length about 8 mm., anterior wing just over 6; black, with
creamy-white markings ; thorax and upper part of head coarsely rugoso-
punctate ; abdomen very finely and closely punctate, giving it a dullish
and rough appearance, though the punctures are strong and perfectly
distinct, as seen with the compound microscope ; head broad ; eyes pale
gray; middle of face with conspicuous appressed silvery-white hair ;
labrum, basal part of mandibles, clypeus and lateral face-marks creamy-
white ; mandibles simple, dark at apex, with bright ferruginous between
the dark and the light ; no supraclypeal mark, except a faint and suffused
reddish spot; a black notch at upper junction of clypeus and lateral
marks ; lateral marks narrow except at base, ending at level of antenne,
- the end broadened and obliquely truncate ; scape fairly stout, creamy-
white in front ; flagellum ferruginous, suffused with black above, its first
joint scarcely half the length of second (slightly over half on the long side,
but conspicuously less than half on the short) ; tubercles, a pair of minute
and obscure dots on upper part of prothorax, anda pair of large round
mammiform elevations on scutellum, creamy white ; metathorax all black ;
pleura with a large transverse ferruginous patch, on which are two large
creamy-white patches ; tegulz testaceous, with a large creamy-white mark ;
wings clear, with the apex dusky ; stigma amber-colour, nervures fusco-
ferruginous ; b. n. meeting t. m. slightly to the basad side; second s. m.
broader above than third, and receiving the first r. n. a little beyond its
_middle ; legs ferruginous, marked with black and creamy-white ; all the
tibiz have the apex externally broadly white; the hind tibize are dark,
with the base and apex white ; the anterior and middle femora have the
iower margin broadly blackened for about the basal two-thirds, but on the

282 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

apical third is a white dash; tarsi all red ; abdomen black at base, but
the other dark parts largely reddish, though never bright ; each segment
has a broad creamy-white band, those on the first two interrupted by a

red line in the middle; the first three bands have a dark notch sub- -

laterally on the posterior edge ; the fourth has a dark spot on each side ;
and the fifth has the notch deep and on the anterior edge; apical plate
notched ; venter ferruginous, banded with white.

Hab.—N. Yakima, Washington State, Sept. 26, 1903 (/dred
Jenne). The abdomen is marked and coloured much as in WV. Crotchii,
var. nigrior, but the sculpture is different. The closest affinity is probably
with JV. Pascoensis, which is quite differently coloured. Although the
anterior coxee are not spined, they have a minute red tubercle, only
distinctly seen with the compound microscope, and I believe the insect is
not without real affinity to A/zcronomada.

THREE NEW SPECIES OF BEES.
BY J.C. CRAWFORD, DSU LAS, PE RAS:

Perdita Cockereli, n. sp.—é. Head and thorax green, finely
roughened, metathorax sometimes more bluish; face up to antenne,
including labrum and mandibles, except tips, lateral face-marks running
to a point about half way between point of insertion of antenne and
summit of eyes, narrow inferior orbits half way up, scape in front, large
spot on tubercles, connected with a spot on prothorax and also with coxal
cavity, spot on tegulze, all of legs except black stripe on rear of anterior
and. intermediate femora and tibiz and basal half of all coxe, yellow ; black
stripes on front and rear of hind femora connected below, hind tibie black,
with a yellow stripe in front, flagellum reddish testaceous below; wings milky
hyaline, nervures pallid, costa, radius more or less and margin of stigma
brownish ; tegulz pallid; pubescence of head and thorax long, white,
abundant on pleura and cheeks, tarsi yellowish testaceous, hind tarsi dark ;
abdomen brownish black, segments 1-5 with yellow bands narrowly
interrupted medially ; that on 5 sometimes reduced to two spots ; venter
yellow, tip dark.

Length, 5% to 6 mm.

? .—Similar to ¢ in colour, the markings cream coloured and con-
fined to following : clypeus, except two dots and two longitudinal lines
parenthesis shaped, not reaching base of clypeus or these connected with
the dots or broken medially, supraclypeal mark two dots, or these

August, 1906

Se ee ee

ll

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 283

connected or entirely absent, lateral face-marks as high as insertion of
antennz, mandibles basally, spots on prothorax and scape in front, knees,
line on front of anterior and intermediate tibie ; bands on segments 1-4
slightly yellowish, interrupted, sometimes widely, that on 5 reduced to
two dots or absent ; nervures somewhat darker than in ¢; pygidium red ;
abdomen black ; legs black, tarsi dark.

Length, 8 to 8% mm. Type locality, West Point, Nebr.

Seven females with supracly peal marks ; five females without ; eight
males ; all on Grindelia sguarrosa. Sexes taken in copula.

This is 9 Bruneri “larger than usual” of Professor Cockerell in
the Entom., XXXIV, 190, July, 1901. Sruneri 2 is smaller, has the
supraclypeal mark always present and square (Cockere//i usually has it,
but only as two spots, or these partly connected, never entire) ; abdomen
black, markings with no yellow tinge ; Bruneri g is easily distinguished
by the face being yellow for some distance above antenne ; hind legs
with no yellow. The female runs in Cockerell’s Tables of New Mexico
Bees to verbesine when without supraclypeal mark ; with it to afinis 9
var.; the male runs out of the table at 28 when counting nervures pallid,
and when dark at 32.

Neopasites Robertsont, n. sp.— @. Black, dull, coarsely and closely
punctured, face above antennz, mesothorax, scutellum and post-scutellum
above, appearing reddish-brown from short fine silky hairs; face below
antenne, line on prothorax, median and parapsidal grooves anteriorly,
most of mesopleura, posterior angles of mesothorax, edges of scutellar lobes,
edges of post-scutellum, sides of metathorax and cox with white appressed
scale-like pubescence ; clypeus anteriorly, mandibles, tibize and tarsi light
reddish ; antenne beneath and tubercles slightly darker; tegule largely
reddish ; scutellum deeply bilobate ; wings dusky, nervures and stigma
_dark ; second submarginal narrowed fully two-thirds to marginal ; femora
dark ; apical margins of abdominal segments reddish, inclining to golden ;
segment 1 with two large spots of appressed_white pubescence on disc
connected anteriorly with two small spots on the lateral margins ; segments
2-5 with four small almost equidistant spots of similar hair, the outer
ones being on the lateral margins of the segments ; apical segment trun-
cate ; ventral segments with the apical margins reddish.

Length about 4% mm. Lincoln, Nebr., Aug. 27, 1902; on Solidago.

g.-—Similar to 9; legs more testaceous; first recurrent nervure
received well before the base of the 2nd submarginal cell, not at base as

984 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

in the female ; median pair of spots on segment 1 smaller, apical dorsal
segment narrow, rounded at tip.

Length slightly more than 4 mm. West Point, Nebr., Aug. 30, 1903;
on Solidago. 2

Distinguished from /e/iopsis by being smaller, not so closely
punctured, large spot of pubescence on pleura, reddish tinge of head and
thorax above, spots on abdomen white, not tinged with yellowish, lighter
coloured legs, etc.

Flalictus pruinosiformis, n. sp.— 2. Entirely bright green, pubes-
cence rather abundant, white; facial quadrangle about square; face
closely, rather coarsely punctured; antenne dark ; mesothorax finely
lineolate, coarsely, rather closely punctured; metathorax with coarse, very
irregular strize not quite reaching apex, the apical part rather coarsely
roughened ; truncation not surrounded by a salient rim; wings hyaline,
stigma honey colour, subcosta dark, nervures very light, those surround-
ing the marginal cell darker ; tegule dark brown ; legs dark, pubescence
white; hind inner spur light-coloured, with about four long teeth ;
abdomen finely closely punctured, first segment more sparsely so, apical
margins of segments testaceous ; abdomen, except discs of segments 1
and 2, covered with white sub-appressed pubescence ; very often this
pubescence is worn almost entirely off.

Length about 6 mm.

¢.—Similar to 2; facial quadrangle slightly longer than broad, only
slightly narrowed below; antennz reddish testaceous beneath ; clypeus
anteriorly dark ; nervures as in the female, but the darkened ones darker
and more contrasting: metathorax roughened at base, and with a median
longitudinal line not reaching apex; on each side of this there is a
depression, so that it appears as if the line divided at rear and ran laterally
and then to front, leaving a narrow smooth shiny border ; abdomen,
including the first segment, more distinctly and coarsely punctured than
in the female, and only sparsely pubescent.

Length about 6mm. Types: Fedor, Texas, March 8, 1902 (?);
May 17, 1904 (¢). (Birkmann coll.)

Paratypes : Fedor, Texas ; Boulder, Colo. (W. P. Cockereil.)

This species is the colour of pruznosus, but the wider facial quad-
rangle and coarse punctures of the mesothorax separate it in the
female ; the male has a much wider face than prauénosus, and has the
metathorax much less rugose.

Rr

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 285

ON WING-VEIN NOMENCLATURE.
BY JOHN A. GROSSBECK, NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J.

It will be noticed that in the preceding paper on Geometride, I have
used the Comstockian terms for designating wing-veins. Heretofore these
have not been used by any writers on this family of moths ; in fact, they
have been very little used by writers in any family. The reason for this
is, not that the system is not a good one, but because it is comparatively
new. Most of the older writers have become used to the number system,
having employed it in all their previous work, and therefore retain it to
preserve uniformity, and perhaps make no effort to familiarize themselves
with the new dispensation.

There is no reason, however, why the new generation of entomolo-
gists should not adopt a system of nomenclature which, as it applies to
insects of all orders, is obviously a more natural one. Dr. John B.
Smith, a rather conservative entomologist in my opinion, has, in the
Glossary he has just completed for the Brooklyn Entomological Society,
laid the foundation for the more general adoption of the new system by
using one of the plates to illustrate wings of various orders, and attempt-
ing to reduce all terms defined in the text-to terms used in these figures.
This is an obvious step toward bringing the system into more general use,
though Dr. Smith, as an older entomologist, may continue to use the
number system in his future work on Noctuide. The number of
synenyms to the few names Prof. Comstock employs to cover the entire
wing venation is surprisingly great (as may be seen by referring to the
above-mentioned Glossary), and there could be no better illustration of
the need of bringing the terminology to a simple and rational basis.

SINGULAR Locality FoR A Wasp’s Nest.—On Mount Royal, on
the outskirts of Montreal, there are two large cemeteries, the Roman
Catholic and the Protestant. In the former, far up in a lonesome spot
among the trees is a Calvary—three huge crosses ; the centre one bearing
a life-size figure of the Saviour, and the two side figures representing the
two thieves. One thief—the penitent one—is represented hanging his
head as if dead, the other thief as living and railing at the central figure.
For several years past, hornets have each summer built a nest immediately
at the back of the impenitent thief, between the hollow of the back and
the cross, and can be seen flying in and out from each side during the
whole season. So far they have never built a nest behind the other two
figures, and the faithful in the city attach great significance to this curious
circumstance.

At another piece of sculpture representing the tomb at Gethsemane,
with-a recumbent figure of the Saviour, there is a bush with a branch
hanging over the tomb, and on this a yellow bird has built its nest. The
selection of sites by wasps and bird is regarded as being very remarkable
and suggestive. M. W ARING Davis, Montreal.

286 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

BOOK NOTICES.

ENTOMOLOGY, with special reference to its Biological and Economic
Aspects.—By Justus Watson Folsom, Sc. D., Instructor in Entomology
at the University of Illinois. Octavo, pp. 485, five plates and 300
other illustrations. P. Blakiston’s Son & Co., 1o12 Walnut Street,
Philadelphia. (Price $3.00.)

Of recent years a number of text-books, more or less complete, have
been placed before the public, but none has been prepared with the object
that the author of this new work has in view. The Insect Book, the
Butterfly and Moth Books, Comstock’s and Kellogg’s Manuals, all treat
of insects largely from the systematic standpoint, detailing their informa-
tion according to families. Packard’s valuable ‘‘ Text-book ” reviews our
knowledge of structure and development. Smith’s Entomology is our
most complete economic book. But the vast array of facts and the many
theoretical problems that have appeared in various publications concerning
the other phases of insect study, have never before been accumulated and
digested in any American text-book.

Dr. Folsom is a teacher, and has prepared his book principally to fulfil |
the requirements of certain college courses in entomology, which have not
hitherto possessed a comprehensive text-book. Accordingly, the Classifi-
cation of Insects, which has been so fully treated in the above-mentioned
works, serves but for a short introductory chapter, and is followed by two
long chapters, occupying about a third of the volume, on Anatomy and
Physiology, and Development. When the student has mastered this
portion of the book, his laboratory work will have afforded him a sufficient
acquaintance with a large number of typical insects to enable him to
appreciate the remainder, which is the really distinctive part of the work.
To the collector and general reader of the CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, who
may not have access to libraries, or have had the advantage of a college
course, but who do know the haunts and habits of the insects they search
for, this portion of the work will prove an inspiration. The titles of the
chapters, which alone we give, should certainly stimulate a desire to
penetrate further and learn the impartial consideration that the author has
given to the problems of entomology. The following are the subjects of
chapters 4 to 13: Adaptations of Aquatic Insects, Colour and Coioration,
Adaptive Coloration, Origin of Adaptations and of Species, Insects in
relation to Plants, Insects in relation to other Animals, Interrelations of
Insects, Insect Behaviour, Distribution, Insects in:re'ation to Man.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 287

These several topics may be treated of in other works, but in none so
cempletely as in the more than two hundred pages that Dr. Folsom devotes
to them. The volume concludes with a very full classified bibliography
and a necessary index. The plates and other illustrations, a. large
number of which are original, are excellent, and add greatly to the value
of the work. A. L. MELANDER.

We wish to add our testimony to the excellence of Dr. Folsom’s new
work on Entomology. As a text-book it covers a field hitherto
unoccupied, and will, we are sure, prove most useful to teachers and
students in scientific and agricultural institutions, and will also be found
instructive and interesting by all who are in any way devoted to the study
of insects. It should find a place on the book shelves of every working
entomologist, and when there will be constantly referred to and consulted.
It is written in a clear and attractive manner, and is replete with informa-
tion gathered from many sources, and including the most recent discoveries
and investigations. We congratulate the author on the completion of an
admirable piece of work, for undertaking which he deserves the grateful
thanks of all North American entomologists. C. J. S. BETHUNE.

EXPLANATION OF TERMS Usrep IN ENTOMOLOGY.—Prepared by- John B.
Smith, Sc. D., Professor of Entomology in Rutgers College, etc. Pub-
lished by the Brooklyn Entomological Society, Brooklyn, N. Y.
(Price, $2.00.)

Every Entomologist has, no doubt, been at a loss from time to time
regarding the exact meaning of some term that he has met with in a
descriptive article on some group of insects in which he is interested. He
may have been able to guess the meaning from its obvious derivation from
Greek or Latin, or to ascertain it by consulting a comprehensive diction.
ary. On the other hand, his knowledge of classical languages may be
slight and no library may be available, and thus he is left in doubt regard-
ing the term which is of much importance to a right understanding of the
article. Thanks to Dr. Smith’s careful work, he may now be relieved of
this difficulty ; the Glossary just published will fuifil all his wants in this
respect and a reference to it will give in a clear and concise form the
meaning of the hitherto unknown term.

The volume contains over 150 pages, and at a rough calculation be-
tween four and five thousand terms. We have tested it in many cases
and have also dipped into it at random here and there; in every instance

288 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

we have found the word looked for and been satisfied with the definition
given. As the author states in the preface, the work cannot, in the nature
of things, be regarded as perfect or complete, but it is as nearly so as one
can expect, and every one who discovers an error or omission should at
once make it known to the author in order that when another edition is
published the highest possible standard may be reached.

The four plates at the end of the book will be found most useful.
They show the Structures of the External Body Wall of several typical
insects, those of the Head, Mouth, Thorax and Genitalia, the Venation
according to the Comstock system, and the Nomenclature of Colours.

Cte

BULLETIN OF THE British CoLuMBIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SociETy.—No. 2,
June, 1906.

The second quarterly issue of this four-page publication has been
received. It contains a valuable paper on ‘“‘ System in Collecting,” lists of
remarkable captures, Notes on the Season, etc., and a continuation of the
B. C. List of Coleoptera, comprising the Buprestide, and the beginning of
the Diptera, families Bombyliide and Therevide. The spring meeting
was held at Duncan’s on April rg. Our friends on the Pacific Coast are
certainly working enthusiastically and diligently exploring their most
interesting province of the Dominion.

STUDIES IN THE Genus IncIsatia.—Mr. John H. Cook regrets to
announce that he will be unable, through pressure. of other work, to
continue this series of papers until autumn. The next instalment will be
published in October or November,

CHANGE OF ADDRESS.

All correspondence, books, exchanges, etc., for the Entomological
Society of Ontario or thé CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, should in future be

addressed to
GUELPH. CANADA,

and not, as heretofore, to London, Ontario,

Mailed August 3rd, 1906.

| The aunatliay ¥ntomalogist

VoL. XXXVIII. LONDON, SEPTEMBER, 1906. No. 9

PRACTICAL AND POPULAR ENTOMOLOGY.—No. 16.
THE OYSTER-SHELL BARK-LOUSE.
BY TENNYSON D. JARVIS, ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, GUELPH.

The purpose of this article is to place before the fruit-growers and all
interested in practical entomology, the main facts regarding the life-
history, habits and appearance of the Oyster-shell Bark-louse Scale, and
of the scales which are often mistaken for it. The damage done by this
scale of late years has attracted so much attention, and so many enquiries
have been received concerning the best methods for its eradication, that it
is hoped earnest efforts will be made at once by all concerned to get it
under control.

The Oyster-shell Bark-louse (J/ypti/aspis pomorum) is widely
scattered throughout the orchards of Ontario, and the Gamage done by it
is very considerable over the Province and rapidly on the increase.

Although of European origin, it has been known in America for more
than a century, and has gradually spread throughout the larger portion of
North America.

re
es

Fic. 30.—The Oyster-shell Bark-louse.

This scale is a very serious pest in orchards which are neglected and
badly treated, but experience has shown that with careful treatment it can
be readily kept in check. It has been found to occur on the following

290 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

trees and shrubs: Apple, plum, pear, wild red cherry, grape, currant,
rose, maple, poplar, ash, birch, and various others.

In order to combat this scale, it is first absolutely necessary that one
should be well acquainted with its life-history.

Life-history.—This minute insect, found upon the bark of the smail
twigs and also upon the branches and trunks of the above-mentioned trees,
is readily identified by its oyster-shell-shaped scale, about one-sixth of an
inch in length. It is of a brown colour, and, thus disguised by the bark,
is not seen unless by close. observation. Usually a good many are
clustered together, and their shape is so marked that orchardmen should
soon recognize them. These scales sometimes cover twigs and large
branches completely ; even the leaves are often infested, and sometimes
the fruit itself becomes more or less covered. Last year the fruit on
several Maiden’s Blush apple trees grown in the orchard of the ©. A. C.
was noticed to be affected by the scale. This, however, is the exception
rather than the rule.

This insect is one-brooded, and winters over in the egg stage. The
eggs can be easily seen if at any time in the fall or winter the old scales
be lifted up and examined beneath. Numbers of very small whitish-
yellow eggs wil! be seen. Here beneath this oyster-shaped scale they
remain until early in the summer, The young yellow lice escape from
the eggs during the last week in May and the first week in June; that is, in
the vicinity of Guelph. They wander for a few hours, or a few days, on
the limb, then settle down and secrete a scale. They fix themselves upon
the tender bark, which they pierce with the beak-like structures con-
nected with their mouths, and by means of which they are able to suck
the sap from the tree. The larve moult, or shed their skins, twice in the
course of their growth during the summer. These moults can be readily
seen on the narrow end of the large scale. The adult female dies soon
after the laying of the eggs, about 50 in number, in the fall. They may
be spread from tree to tree to some extent by birds, and also by other
insects.

Such is the life-history of the Oyster-shell Bark-louse, and before
entering into a discussion as to the best means to adopt for its eradication,
it will be as well to briefly mention and describe one or two other species
of the commonly-occurring scales which most closely resemble it, and to
point out the differences for this purpose cuts are given with the various
scales,

aes

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 291

The Scurfy Bark louse (Chionaspis furfurus).—TYhe Scurfy Bark-
louse is not so widely distributed through Ontario as the Oyster-shell
Bark-louse, and does less damage. It occurs most commonly on pear,

wy,

Fic. 31.—The Scurfy Bark-louse.

apple, gooseberry and black currant. This scale resembles the Oyster-
shell Bark-louse closely in shape and size, the main points in which they
differ being in the colour of the eggs and in the adult scale.

The eggs of the Scurfy Bark-louse are of a purplish colour, whilst
those of the Oyster-shell are a whitish-yellow. The adult scale of the
Scurfy Scale is also white in colour. The female scale is much larger
and more oval than the male scale.

The same remedies may be employed against the Scurfy Bark-louse
as are advised in this article as being most suitable for the Oyster-shell
Bark-louse.

292 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

San José Scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus).—The San José Scale is
readily distinguished by the characteristic shape of the female scales.
‘They are round and nearly white, with generally a clearly-defined centrai
nipple. After the first moult the scales become almost black, with a
conspicuous depressed ring around the nipple. The adult male scale is

oblong in outline, with the nipple near one end, and is much smaller than
the female.

Fic. 32.—San José Scale.

The following points will clearly separate the San José Scale from the
Oyster-shell Bark-louse and the Scurfy Scale :

First: The arrangement or grouping of San José Scales on the bark
is generally characteristic, and is often sufficient to at once identify them.
They seldom have a tendency to cluster, if there be few in number, but,
instead, are scattered somewhat evenly on the bark.

On badly-infested trees the presence ofthe scale on new growths and
the fruit produces a deep-red coloration on the tissues of the bark.

It leaves no conspicuous, ventral, whitish scale on the bark after the
removal of the insect, as does the Scurfy Bark-louse.

re ne,

+f

ww

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 293

The reason for considerably more damage being done by the San
José Scale than by the Oyster-shell Bark-louse is on account of the San
José Scale producing many broods in one season, and also bringing forth its
young alive, whereas the Oyster-Shell Bark-louse is one-brooded and
winters over in the egg stage.

The treatment to be adopted for nearly all the scales is practically
the same in all cases. On deciduous trees, where the scales remain
during the winter upon trunks and branches, and where the trees become
dormant, the scales are best treated during the winter. At that time there
isno foliage to interfere, and much stronger washes can be used than
would be possible during the summer, or when the tree is active. It is
extremely difficult to penetrate insect tissues with ordinary liquids, and it
has been found impossible in practice to obtain good results in the
destruction of scale msects, except by means of caustics. The common
soaps are all caustic, and, when applied in strong solutions, the scale is
shrivelled, lifted, and partially corroded, so that the oily mixture works
its way beneath into absolute contact with the insect. Or it is raised at
the edges and washed off by the rains, carrying with it either eggs or
young, as the case may be. In fact, where the eggs hibernate, winter
applications act only by exposing them, so that they are easily washed
away by rains and scattered.

In the case of plants which do not lose their Flies at any period,
or in conservatories, or where winter treatment for any reason is not
feasible, we must attack the insects when the larve are crawling about,
and before they are fixed. At that time, whilst not protected by a scale,
they may be easily killed, almost any of the contact insecticides being
effective.

Remedies.—Owing to the large number of applicants who were de-
sirous of obtaining information on the best methods of combating the
Oyster-shell Bark-louse, it was decided to carry on a number of
experiments here, to test the efficiency of the various insecticides com-
monly used against scale insects.

Of all the spray mixtures tried, the well-known lime, salt and sulphur
wash gave the best results.

The lime, sulphur and caustic soda, and the lime, sulphur and sal
soda were also tried, but without quite such good results. ‘The lime,
sulphur and caustic soda proved to be a little superior to the lime, sulphur
and sal soda, owing to its apparent power of better penetration.

294 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Soaps.—Various soaps were also tried, and of these the Whale-oi!
Soap Emulsion gave the best results, many of the scales being killed.

The Whale-oil Soap gave good results also, but not equal to the
Emulsion.

Sunlight and Lifebuoy soaps, and also a mixture of both, proved to
be of very little value, inasmuch as they did not prevent the eggs from
hatching. These soaps are claimed by the makers to be most effective
against the San José and other scale insects, but applied as a winter wash
against the Bark-louse they have little value. Undoubtedly they should
be applied after the young lice hatch, and not as a winter application, and
then would most likely prove effective against the tender lice.

Kerosene Emulsion.— Kerosene Emulsion was also tried, and this
proved of more value than the’ Whale-oil Soap Emulsion, but not so
effective as the lime, salt and sulphur wash.

. Lime.—Quick slaked lime, 1% lbs. to 1 gallon of water, proved very
effective applied as a winter wash, and equalled the results obtained by
the lime, salt and sulphur.

Kerosene-Lime.—This was also tried, but did not prove superior to
the Kerosene Emulsion, and therefore is not to be preferred to it.

A NEW CRYPTINE GENUS FROM CUBA.
BY WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD, M.A., D.SC., WASHINGTON, D. C.

Some years ago Mr. J. M. Espin, of Guantanamo, Cuba, sent to Dr.
L. O. Howard for names some parasitic Hymenoptera, among which I
indicated a new genus, but which I neglected to describe. As Mr. Espin
has recently written about it and desires its early description, I submit the
following :

LVesolinoceras, new genus.

Resembles Linoceras, Taschenberg, in the shape of the abdominal
petiole, which is straight or nearly, not elbowed, and only slightly
thickened at apex. It also resembles somewhat /ofpidinm, Walsh. In
my Classification of the Ichneumon Flies, 1900, p. 40, it will fall in next
to Walsh’s genus on account of the metathoracic characters and the
transverse median nervure in the hind wings being broken adove the
middle.

The two, however, may be easily separated by the following
differences :

September, 1906

Pe eS as

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 295

Metathorax rounded off "posteriorly, punctate, with only one transverse
carina—the basal, the spiracles rather large, elongate oval.

Submedian cell in front wings a little /omger than the median, the
areolet large, pentagonal, the sides parallel; wings black, brown or
PESCOUS pairs. 2c eR nes ee ow k's JOPPIAIU I Walshe

Submedian cell in front wings a little skovfer than the median, the
areolet not large, irregularly pentagonal, the sides strongly con-

vergent above ;

; wings hyaline, with transverse brown

EAS CIE fot teem rate mene eee Ss gv espe s MEV ESOLINOGEr ASS. tires
(Type 4. Zspinz, Ashm.)
LVesolinoceras Espint, n. sp.

6 .—Length, 11 mm. Red, marked as follows: The clypeus and
the face, the upper front orbits to summit of the eyes, the hind orbits and
cheeks to base of mandibles, a spot at base of mandibles, the front coxe
and their first joint of trochanters, the front margin of the prothorax and
the hind margin on each side to the tegule, the inner margin of the
tegule, a large rounded spot beneath tegule, a large triangular spot
beneath the insertion of the hind wings, a large but obscure spot on the
mesopleura posteriorly below it, most of the middle coxe, a transverse
band across disk of scutellum, a spot on the hind coxe at base above, a
streak on the scape beneath, and the extreme apices of dorsal abdominal
segments 3, 4, 5 and 6, but very narrowly, all white ; the flagellum, the
depression of the prothorax laterally, the tegule, except as noted, a streak
surrounding the posterior white spot on the mesopleura, and the scutellum,
except the transverse white band, are black or blackish ; wings hyatine,
with three transverse fuscous fasciz, 7. ¢., One across from the middle of
the basal nervure, another from the stigma, and the third at the apex of
the wing, becoming more or less confluent with the second on the hind
margin ; the hind wings are wholly hyaline ; the stigma and most of the
veins in both wings are black, but there is a streak across at base of the
stigma, a bulla near apex of the first recurrent nervure, another at apex
of the first transverse cubitus, and most of the second transverse cubitus
and the second recurrent, except at base and apex, are white.

Type.—Cat. No. 9958, U.S. N. M.
Guantanamo, Cuba.

This interesting species is dedicated to Mr. }. M. Espin, who captured
it July 26, rgor.

296 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

ANOPHELES CRUCIANS, WIEDMANN.

BY C. S. LUDLOW.
Laboratory of the Office of the Surgeon-General, U.S. Army, Washington, D. C.

A curious little error has crept into the description of this mosquito,

and has been carried into so many authors that it seems as if the easiest —

way would be for the insect to rearrange its markings.

Wiedmann, in his description (Ansse Europ. Zweifleg, Ins., p. 12,
1828) says: ‘‘Taster braunlich schwarz, glieder an der Wurzel wenig
shneeweiss,” but this is, of course, a broad generalization, and the words are
used loosely.

Coquillett (Circ. 40, 2nd series, Dept. Agri., p. 4, 1899) makes the
statement more definite : ‘palpi marked with white at the bases of last
four joints.”

Theobald, quoting this, makes it part of his description. (Mon. Cul.
of the World, Vol. I, p. 204, tgo1.)

Blanchard (Les Moustiques, Hist. Nat. et Med., p. 171, 1905),
apparently using the same information, says: ‘‘Palpes d’ un noir brunatre,
marques de blanc 4 la base des 4 dernier articles.”

Felt (Mos. or Cul; of .N. Y. State, N. Y¥. State: Museum; pee:
1904) also carries on the error, giving as one of the distinctive character-
istics, ‘‘the white bases of the last four segments of the palpi.”

Smith, in his synoptical table (Report on Mosquitoes, N. J. Agri.

Expt. Sta, p. 152, 1904), makes the “palpi white-marked at base of
joints,” but figures and describes the palpi correctly (id., p. 170).

Coquillett, in his last work on the subject (a Classification of the
Mosquitoes of North and Middle America, p. 12, 1906), drops this
characteristic, but does not correct his former error.

In reality, the specimens sent in to this office, for more than a year,
from various parts of the U. S., and those in the-collection of the National
Museum show the last joint of the palpi entirely white (silvery-gray) and
very narrow white bands at the bases of the penultimate and antepenulti-
mate joints, sometimes involving slightly both sides of the joints, the
remainder of the palpi being entirely brown. The only variation on this
is that in some rubbed specimens the base of the ultimate joint appears
brownish, but the perfect specimens show the entire distal joint and /zwo
bands white.

September, 1906 .

y ed AAAS

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 297

SYNOPSIS OF BEES OF OREGON, WASHINGTON, BRITISH
COLUMBIA AND VANCOUVER.—V.

BY HENRY L. VIERECK, ASSISTED BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, E. S. G. TITUS,
J. C. CRAWFORD AND M. H. SWENK.

This portion of the synopsis was kindly prepared by Mr. J. C.
Crawford, and is based on material, in the main, from Dr. Cordley, of
Corvallis, Oregon ; Prof.. Harvey, of Victoria, British Columbia, and Mr.

Venables, of Vernon, B. C. A species from Montana is also described.

Halictide, Haicrus, Latr. ;
BY J. C. CRAWFORD, DALLAS, TEXAS.
Females.

Gee EARS HG PTET. a 8 eet See ce sane Seine Ne yoo 5 Sieh oe, w oy ies
aaa PERCE tease Nae RIE ee) Sean nad ae sia ase os

2. Cheeks armed.. ETL Shenae. SESE SAD oe ahh eA Taras ‘ante Say.
Cheeks not Ste HR OO ari eh LA Ae MMR aS Coun Late Det Ot ye
3. Tegule large, Neaieied all over. ey Seep NE TER PO eee
Tegulz normal in size ; not Ganerured. all CONE a ata ay Sh alee so Ss
4. Mesothorax closely, coarsely punctured; metathorax coarsely
ESR OMI MEO NF Slate ea sicicr ig a alana ctersen Nataind a ea elenes Kincaidit, Ckll.

Mesothorax finely, sparsely punctured ; metathorax finely

- rugose. save bigane k . Vachali, n. sp.
5. Species haane well- winked ee aaa on het eat margins of
abdominal segments. . aie ee mA eee ih ten her oes Beery 0
Species without such hair danas: ee oer ee Be ee ie eR:

6. Larger, tc-t4 mm., bands very ford: cream- olamed ane mosus, Sm.
Smaller, about to mm. or less, bands narrow, white. .. Zerouxiz, Lep.

7. Truncation of metathorax entirely surrounded by a salient rim... .8.
Salient rim of metathoracic truncation lacking at least above... ..15.

8. Base of metathorax with coarse, deep ruge .................4.-.-9.
Base of metathorax with fine striz. Bt Ai 3s onpeheae

g. Striz of base of metathorax regular ~papaleis. rst Ae ordi sdgtrent
eid eapeaeae PIAL EE a aera aie ats SEO, oR Io.
Siigssdirecular ........- TORR ee eT ET.
to. A band on middle of 1st segment, hae on eee of segments 2--4,
complete......... . wl cds stew era earn na see Maer e., Ciel):

No band on segment 1 bans on 2-4 narrowed or interrupted

19 (12 2 | hi aE B En eb PONE REN SS EIA O79, 7/ 11-7, os

September, 1906

If.

12.

15.

16.

I7.

18.

19.

20.

21.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Base of metathorax with distinct, semilunar enclosure ; punctures
of mesothorax crowded anteriorly .............. pacificus, Ckll.

Enclosure indistinct, punctures of mesothorax not
CrOWGER: aR Oe, SRE. races, soe
Abdomen with basal hair patches or bands ; size larger, 74-8 mm. 13.

Whole surface of abdomen covered with pubescence ; size smaller,

Og Ha 2 Wd Seiko 4 Sal B Ge Ud egies So mbes EAs

. Length, 744 mm.; segments 2 and 3 with only basal hair pee ;
teeth of hind inner spur very oblique............occultus, Vach.
Bands on basal segments complete ; teeth of hind inner spur not
S10}0 | oe AN Ua OSA NMR ANEMIA ey SE

. Facial quadrangle about square, apical margins of abdominal seg-
WHGMMES: tEStACEOUS FIs ie a als Scenes Se arkansas
Facial quadrangle longer than broad, apical margins of segments not
LESEACEOUS act onccian aces ceeliacaisl ale pitas onrons helene RE. SJartus, Vach.
Apical margins of segments not testaceous................+.+.16.

Apical margins of segments more or less testaceous..diatretus, Vach.

Phorax-almost ampumetate: jAsa)5s one poke eae ... Zitusi, Cwfd.
Thorax closely punctured. 0.0. 2.5.:....«.. +s ¢7ts0matus, Cress.
Bands on apical margins of abdominal segments .. Provancheri, D. T.
No bands on apical margins of abdominal segments............18.
Punctures: of -mesothorax coarse? 22020 ees kc ne a tone a ee
Punetures Gf ‘mesothorax-fhes ois ois oecc nunrevass/ «Rye ate aaa

Truncation of metathorax surrounded by a salient rim; wings
GUSKY. sock es con's Sos ancecg aeaneyh Sie Sas yee nce he Se Se ne

Truncation of metathorax not with a salient rim ; wings
White \..- cv. Pateteus sinh in css. vb empe cap bectene Miueieog et 220 Cems ee

Abdomen green, apical margins broadly testaceous.. ..zephyrus, Sm.
Abdomen not green........ é 05 So ROR NPR GR Oe See

Head and thorax blue, ae green, abdomen black, not
pUbEseent> ! ek : Serie .atriventris, n. sp.
Head and thorax Nwhadey # green, asien nibeseene: .versatus, Robt.

Males. :

POpeclessWiIthOMt ANY “BrEEh. acu tac eee mene

Species, with more or less greens. 06. ok on «© ca memie + + 1s) on eee

="

10.

II.

12.

£3;

14.

EG.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 299

PBaee ane lepsientinelye ark: 2 so.) fo. i) «) sa a 3) sua aatalaper chm aeons
Face and legs not entirely dark ..-... 1.2... 6. - cece eevee oe Se
Smaller, about G:mm. long ......0y: -: -......<...<dtatretus, Vach.
Rae eers AOR RMT. LOT 3st, ols 2 Gola ince « aleve! ohviagsiens al amesebe ie Ae

. First abdominal segment closely punctured, rugz of metathorax

HIRE ene 5, 2h Sennen BS =, ie als. dw ha SRS RUT EL ee Ke

First segment sparsely punctured, rugze of metathorax regular
Pease eee 5 ata AED ot alae Ate ns ae eprqetapncets © Olympia, Ckll.
. Species with hair bands on the apical margins of abdominal
SoS Op Sa eee (ty Paes One a aeionic ts ein ter Steer)
Species: without: such hair bands <4) fai oan se hae ss Oa ee ae

. Flagellum bright ferruginous beneath.................digatus, Say.
ee iitinn at er Demet ens ii7ars)'s Jes ae eee Heid ok a) eos. peat awe BE
Punctures of abdomen close, abdomen’shiny ........ Zerouxii, Lep.
Punctures of abdomen sparse, abdomen not shiny ....farinosus, Sm.

Nee CHIEIGl Y"GATIS) 2 sinc 5 o so ele ee ae GeO GO ae ales COR Le Op
SBP E EGE CEI VILC LYS OAR IC 3. 5 ia.p stole aidan alors Re ai Re apn woo

. First abdominal segment almost impunctate .......... Zitusi, Cwd,
First abdominal segment closely punctured........¢rizonatus, Cress.
Base of metathorax with a triangular enclosure......K7zucaidit, Ckll.
Base of metathorax without such enclosure....................1I.
Base of metathorax with fine striz. Sars laf Sees ewe ghee [ataeuae at eheied aoe
Base of metathorax with coarse ruge. ee Re teeta th ae ep
About 614 mm., anterior tibiz yellow, wih a Biecee

SI Gye eee Tiseccen ep seate ot «aati a Cordleyi, n. sp.
About 8 mm., anterior ‘ HbiE black with a yellow stripe. Cooley, n. sp.
About 94% mm. Pe aga * .arctous, Vach.
Punctures of aeseetaces anes scion of scence

“CSU Ye Sp et PR er or eon nee . .pacificus, Ckll.
Punctures of hecoehbrst not close, enelonine ‘Of wiewshote® not

distinct. SA ye Sau new es eeuncates, RObt
Abdomen ee Bande on nthe e apical margins ab

SEPIMEMES peat ss ihe : Life rahe Provancheri, D. T.
No bands on the apical i margins bg cement Peer ene TS:
Abdomen green, with more or less testaceous ....... ene us, Sin.

ice a ee a . 16,

300 YHE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

16. Mesonotum finely punetired Hehe cesar ems a nd

Mesoriotunhi coarsely ‘ptmnctiined 7... Tse tation. gn sai tae a

17. Nervures and stigma pale, abdomen brownish... ....versatus, Robt.
Nervures and stigma dark, wings dusky, abdomen

Dldchk ey eee ee hs CA REE eae ar MeO) ETD eee

18. Wings, including nervures, whitish...............adbipennis, Robt.

Wings and nervures dark... 2... Soo. ob it ons « CP CSSON LL an

71. ligatus, Say.—Corvallis, Ore., May 29, 1 9.

H. Kincaidii, Ckil_—Olympia, Wash. (recorded by Ckll.), Corvallis,
Ore., June, August.

H. Vachali, n. sp.— @. Black, facial quadrangle slightly longer than
broad; face, including supraclypeal area, closely punctured, clypeus
sparsely so ; antennee reddish beneath ; mesothorax dull, finely-roughened,
rather sparsely, finely punctured; base of metathorax narrow, finely
striatulate, strie not reaching apex, rest of space, including metapleura,
rather coarsely roughened ; truncation finely roughened, not surrounded
by a salient rim; wings slightly dusky, nervures brown ; tegule large,
punctured all over, dark, with a brownish centre; legs dark, hind inner
spur with about five long teeth, abdomen shiny, small lateral hair patches
on bases of segments 2 and 3, base of segment 1 sparsely, and bases of
remaining segments closely punciured, apical margins almost impunctate
and reddish.

Length about 6% mm.

Corvallis, Ore., June 6, 1898, 1 9.

On account of the punctured tegule this is related to Azucazdii, but
is separated by the fine punctures of the mesothorax and the fine strie of
the metathorax.

Hi. farinosus, Sm.—Synonyms: HZ. montanus, Cwfd.; Paranomia
Venablesi, Ashm.; Hf. proceris and Hf. denticulus, Vach. Taken at
Wawawai, Yakima, Almota, Wash.; Corvallis, Ore., June; Harrisburg,
Ore.; Vernon, B. C., May 5, Aug. 17.

H. Lerouxii, Lep.—Corvallis, Ore., June. Many 9?’s showing
great variation in size and in the width of the abdominal bands, some
having them a mere line. Vernon and Coldstream, B. C.

Var. ruborum, Ckil.—Seattle, Wash. (Type.)

Hi. sisymbrii, Ck\l_—Recorded from Olympia, Wash., by Prof.
Cockerell.

—_ ee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 301

H. Olympie, Ck\l.—Described from Olympia, Wash., Corvallis, Ore.,
May and June. Many 9’s.

Var. subangustatus, Ck\l.—Described from Olympia.

H. pacificus, Ckll.— Recorded from Olympia and Seattle, Wash., by
Prof. Cockerell.

#1. truncatus, Robt.—Prof. Cockerell gives this species as szmz/is,
Sm., from Olympia, Wash.

HZ. occultus, Vach.-—Described from Wash.

H. Cooleyi, vn. sp.—?. Black, head, thorax and legs clothed with
ochraceous pubescence, abdominal segments with basal whitish hair
bands, apical margins of segments broadly testaceous. Facial quadrangle

about square, head closely punctured, punctures crowded above antenne,

below, the sides of face rugoso-punctate, supraclypeal area very closely
punctured, clypeus, except base, sparsely punctured, very shiny ; antennz
dark, only very obscurely reddish beneath toward apex ; punctures ot
mesothorax crowded except medially, surface finely roughened, shiny ;
base of metathorax finely striate to apex; truncation surrounded by a
cordate sahent rim, rather indistinct above and with a few fine striz ;
pleura rather coarsely sculptured, especially the metapleura above ; wings
slightly dusky, the nervures and stigma yellowish ; tegule dark, with a
light centre ; legs dark, hind inner spur with about seven teeth ; abdomen
shiny, segment 1 almost impunctate, bases of other segments finely closely
punctured, apical margins more finely and sparsely punctured ; hair bands
on bases 2-5, the last showing only when the abdomen is distended ;
discs of segments with a few yellow hairs ; pubescence of apical segments
yellow.

Length about 8% mm.

Bozeman, Montana, June 6, 1904.

Zf. Similar to 2, antennz long, entirely dark, sculpture of meta-
thorax and pleura coarser than in 2 ; clypeus anteriorly, labrum and a
spot on mandibles, one on tubercles and tegule, line on front of anterior
tibie and bases and apices of all tibize and tarsi entirely yellow ; punctua-
tion of abdomen coarser and more distinct than in 9; ist segment
distinctly punctured; apical margins of segments only narrowly testaceous;
last ventral segment with a median longitudinal carina.

Length, 7-8 mm.
Missoula, Montana, Aug. 23, 1904.

302 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Paratypes from various localities in Montana and from Corvallis,
Ore., April 26-June 17 ; 16 9’s.

HT. Cordleyi, n. sp.—Q?. Length, 6-7 mm. Black, facial quad-
rangle about square ; face above antenne closely, strongly and rather
finely punctate ; below very shiny black, sparsely, coarsely punctate ;
mandibles ferruginous at tips; head and thorax with abundant long,
slightly ochraceous pubescence ; flagellum ferruginous beneath ; meso-
thorax finely sericeously roughened, finely, closely punctate, much sparser
medially ; median and parapsidal grooves apparent; base of metathorax
wide, no distinct disk ; covered with fine vermiform rugz ; truncation
surrounded by a rather indistinct cordate rim; legs black, tarsi more
reddish ; hind inner spur with about four large flattened teeth; wings
hyaline, nervures and stigma honey-colour, second submarginal cell as
broad as high; tegule mostly testaceous; abdomen brownish, apical
margins broadly ferruginous; segments with fine sparse punctures ;
segments 2 and 3 with lateral basal following segments covered with dense
appressed whitish pubescence ; venter obscurely ferruginous.

7 2’s. Corvallis, Ore., May 24, 1898; June 17, 1897; June 4,
1898 ; July 17, 1896; May 20, 1899; Muy 15, 1898; April 4, 1897.

Var. a appressed pubescence of abdomen almost lacking (worn ?),
rugee of metathorax finer, less numerous. 1 2. Corvallis, Ore, May
24, 1898.

Differs from dasiphore by its subquadrate face ; and from Foxzi and
quadrimaculdatus in the same manner.

3. Similar to the 9; antennze long, reddish beneath, joint four
longer than two and three; clypeus anteriorly, labrum and mandibles,
tubercles, tarsi, anterior tibiz except a blotch medially, and bases and
apices of other tibize, yellowish ; pubescence of abdomen confined to the
basal hair patches ; abdomen finely, rather closely punctured.

Length, nearly 6 mm.

Corvallis, Ore., Aug. 14, 1896.

H. fartus, Vach.—Described from Washington.

Hf. diatretus, Vach.—Described from Washington. Six specimens
from Corvallis, Ore., are very doubtfully referred here.

Hf. Titus, Cwfd.—Corvallis, Ore., 3 g’s, Oct.; 14 9’s, May and
June.

o& Epo

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 303

H. trizonatus, Cress.—2 92’s, Corvallis, Ore., June 6. The record
of corzaceus, Sm., from Olympia, Wash., by Prof. Cockerell, I think is this
species, as I have never seen the true corzaceus further west than Michigan.
A. egregius, Vach., would run to this species in the table, and from his
description 1 am unable to separate it, except that he says hind inner
spur with six teeth or spines, which is not true of ¢rézonatus, it having
eight or nine saw-like teeth.

H.. Provancheri, D. T.—Synonym: Hi. nearcticus, Vach. Recorded
from B. C. by Vachal. All the specimens from Corvallis, Ore., are much
smaller and may be distinct, but the ¢ is needed to verify this.

H. Cressonit, Robt.—Corvallis, Ore., May and June, 2 9’s.
HZ. albipennis, Robt.—Corvallis, Ore., May 27, 1 @.
H. zephyrus, Sm.—Corvallis, Ore., June 11, Oct. 14, 2 @’s.

H. atriventris, n. sp.— Q. Head and thorax dark blue, finely
lineoiate, slightly shiny, the whole insect covered with sparse, slightly
ochraceous pubescence ; head above antenne closely, finely punctured ;
facial quadrangle about square ; mesothorax finely, sparsely punctured,
median groove plain, parapsidal grooves subobsolete ; base of metathorax
finely, irregular rugulose and finely lineolated, the rugee reaching the apex ;
wings dusky, nervures and stigma dark testaceous; second submarginal
about half as long as third, third narrowed only slightly to marginal ;
tegule piceous, with a dark reddish centre ; legs dark, pubescence slightly
ochraceous, hind inner spur with about four long teeth ; abdomen black
with greenish reflections, almost entirely nude, shiny, almost impunctate,
the apical margins of the segments dark testaceous.

Length about 6 mm.
Goldstream, B. C., July 27, 1902.
$. Similar to the 2; has no light on face or legs, more greenish in

colour than the 2, but the metathorax blue and coarsely rugose ; nervures
darker, apical margins of the abdominal segments not light.

Length about 6 mm.

Mission, B. C., August 8, 1904.

Apparently close to semtceruleus, Ckll., which, however, has hyaline
wings, large punctures on the mesothorax, light tegule, etc.

In addition to the species listed above, the collection contains a large
series of a male from Corvallis, but since the males of most of the western
species are yet undescribed, it was thought that this might represent a

304 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

species already described. There are also some small green females, but
rather poor specimens, so they are not described, although apparently new.

AGAPOSTEMON, Sm.

BY J. C. CRAWFORD, DALLAS, TEXAS.

1. Females: 225 See a sh a ag Ne ea
Eales: ree ORR Eee ORT Sea eRe fire Atl Gee
2. Abdomen black, with hair bands on the bases of segments. two to
FOU. css vale AA OS SERA ets, OE a ae
3. Mesothorax with fine punctures and interspersed large punctures... 4.
Mesothorax ‘not with double punctuation. OS. v2.0.0... ./02 1 Ree
4. Base of metathorax with indications of a cies
enclosure . BSG: Pee) . Texanus subtilior, Cll.
No eienpe as one size Sie ue 12mm. ... borealis, Cwfd.
5. Larger, blue-green, mesothorax rugoso-punctate..... achiee Cwfd.
Smaller, golden-green, punctures of mesothorax distinct. adiatus, Say.
6nd ‘femora almost globose’. ous) oe ne eee Ss Semoratus, Cwfd.
Mind:femora‘ not 'greatly*swollen (26 3 F.09).5 2 eee Ye eae
7. Last ventral segment with a median longitudinal
SATIN sa sai. oe Pees Sore hen Bee Fons Oy ema ara Fal SE VERON CROLLEN See ae
No carina on lace penee Sat neuter sonly isha Vata ays nates ace atcha tr

8. Abdomen with six yellow ea pubescence on apical segments

dark . Pine oe Pee radiatus, Say.
Rbdghek san five Paley Nende or atenene on aca segments
124 Ch Perea PR Ae HON REISER EN Cob et EAN) EMA Se en Pi Hime Bl ees SiC.

A. viridulus, Fabr.—Corvallis, Ore. Three 9’s May and June ; 3
3’s Sept. and Oct.; Fossil, Ore., Sept., one ¢.

A. radiatus, Say.—Recorded by Prof. Cockerell from Pasco, Wash.

A. femoratus, Cwfd.—Type material from Washington. One @
labelled W. T.* 254s, Mit gilood.Ore = W.. I.

A. borealis, Cwfd.—Type from Vancouver.

A. Lexanus subtilior, Ck\l.—A series from Corvallis collected during
May and June, varying from the typical form to that of Zexanus and to
specimens large enough for borealis. The g recorded as sp. is probably
the g of this species, but further collections are needed to determine
their status. From this material it would appear that. the males can be
easily separated, while the females are much more difficult,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ; 305

THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF PRIOPHORUS.
BY ALEX. D. MACGILLIVRAY, ITHACA, N. Y.

There have been described thus far three species of this genus from
the United States, two of them known only in the male sex, the third
_ known only in the female sex. A fourth species, known only in the female
sex, is described below. The types of eguadis, Nort., and stmplicicornis,
Cress., are in the collections of the American Entomological Society, and
I am indebted to Mr. J. Chester Bradley for examining these types and
furnishing me with the notes on which the descriptions given below are
based. The species can be separated by means of the following table :

A. Frontal crest large and prominent, extending laterally to the eyes ;
the free part of Sc, almost entirely
BtOPNIE «wh od nie yapaine salt sarhiide ore aS MIP LICICOT Nis, Chess,

AA. Frontal crest wanting or variously developed, never extending
laterally to the eves ; the entire free part of Sc, always distinct.

B. Colour resinous, with notal portions black; frontal crest
wanting ; transverse groove caudad of the ocelli
GUISUIING Pere et See Ree veh etalon ge mea eee ON ELAYECA LTS) N.S DE

BB. Colour black, with the apical half of the legs paler ; frontal
crest distinct or subdistinct.

C. Frontal crest broken by the antennal fovea; sides of the
ocellar basin scarcely indicated ; transverse groove
caudad of the ocelli distinct...........@gualis, Nort.

CC. Frontal crest entire, not broken by the antennal fovea ;
sides of the ocellar basin clearly distinguishable ;
transverse groove caudad of the ocelli scarcely indi-
CALS Ee isee havoc elo teen ve oe eas Se SOL EL LR OS ct MARS

Priophorus simplicicornis, Cress —¢. Long, robust; clypeus
transverse, somewhat elongate, deeply emarginate, pitted; tentorial
invagination deep, extending as a groove along the lateral margin of the
antenne to about the middle of the frout, where it is interrupted by the
frontal crest, continued as a short groove behind the lateral ocelli, transverse
groove indistinct, evident behind the anterior ocellus; antennal fovea
triangular, flat, pointed in front ; antennal area almost linear ; frontal crest
large and prominent, extending to the eyes; the sides of the ocellar basin
with a distinct rim ; antenne elongate, tapering to the apex, not enlarged

in the middle, segments stout and rough, of the same form as in soditaris ;
September, 1906

306 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

free part of Sc, almost atrophied, a mere trace of a stump on one side,
its own length or slightly more proximad of the medio-cubital cross-vein ;
stigma short and rather broad ; cell R; a little longer than cell R,; claws
small, the outer ray the longest ; colour black, except the legs beyond the
knees, varying from semiresinous to brown ; wings with the basal half
clouded. .

Length, 6 mm.
Habitat.— Maine.

Priophorus acericaulis, n. sp.—Q. Short, rather robust ; clypeus
broad, without sete, broadly and shallowly emarginate, with the lateral
angles rounded ; tentorial invagination deep, abrupt on the clypeal side,
extending as a deep groove along the lateral margin of the antennz to the
lateral ocelli, where it joins a deep, transverse, curving groove, extending
along the caudal margin of the ocelli, from the middle of this transverse
groove there is a cephalic projecting groove surrounding the anterior
ocellus ; the antennal fovea shallow, broad and indefinite ; ocellar basin
and crest entirely wanting ; antennz short, slightly enlarged at middle, the
first and second segments subequai in length, the second twice as long as
broad, the third segment at least one-third longer than the fourth ; the free
part of Sc, distinctly proximad of the medio-cubital cross-vein ; stigma
pointed at apex, with the caudal margin almost straight ; the cell R, longer
than the cell R;; claws large and slender, cleft, the outer ray longest ;
cerci minute ; saw-guides pointed at apex, sides equally, convexly con-
vergent, dagger-shaped ; colour resinous, with the following parts black:
the antenne beyond the second segment, the head, except the clypeus,
the labrum, the mandibles, the mesonotum, the metanotum, and a spot
beneath the wings ; wings hyaline.

Length, 4 mm.

Flabitat.—New Haven, Connecticut.

Described from numerous females received from Dr. W. E. Britton.

Priophorus egualis, Nort.— ¢. Moderately robust ; clypeus trans-
verse, somewhat clongate, deeply emarginate, pitted; tentorial invagination
prominent, extending into a large prominent depression surrounding and
extending above the antennz, continued as a prominent groove to the
ocelli, with a distinct transverse groove extending along the caudal margin
of the ocelli, and projecting cephalad surrounding the anterior ocellus ;
antennal fovea deeply concave ; antennal area long, narrow, pointed at
apex ; frontal crest indistinct, broken by the antennal fovea ; the sides of

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 307

the ocellar basin scarcely indicated ; antennz stout, rather short, covered
with a fringe of long sete, at the base of which are small protuberances,
giving the antenne a4 roughened appearance ; first segment twice as long:
as the second, flaring at apex ; the second short, transverse ; the third and
fourth subequal ; the free part of Sc, about twice its own length proximad
of the medio-cubital cross-vein ; stigma short, rather broad ; the radio-
medial cross-vein hyaline ; the cells Ry and R; subequal in Jength; claws
cleft, the outer ray longest ; colour black, except the legs beyond the
knees, four hind trochanters, and anterior femora on sides white, apex of
posterior tibize fuscous. :

Length, 6 mm.
Hfabitat.—Farmington, Conn. (Norton.)

Priophorus solitaris, Dyar.—@. Long, robust ; clypeus transverse,
densely covered with long setz, deeply and roundly emarginate, with the
lateral angles prominent, angulate ; tentorial invagination prominent,
expanding into a large, prominent depression surrounding and extending
above the base of the antennze, continuced as a broad concave depression
to caudad of the lateral ocelli, not breaking through the occiput, slightly,
transversely interrupted midway between antenne and ocelli, caudad of
the ocelli transformed into a deep line-like groove, the transverse groove
and the groove of the anterior ocellus hardly indicated ; the antennal
fovea large, broad, shield-shaped ; the antennal area long, narrow, pointed
at apex; the frontal crest distinct, not interrupted; the sides of the
ocellar basin indicated ; the antennz long and slender, narrowed to apex,
first segment twice as long as the second, flaring at apex, the second short,
transverse, the third and fourth subequal ; the free part of Sc, about three
times its own length proximad of the medio-cubital cross-vein ; stigma
short, blunt, broadly convex on the caudal margin ; the radio-medial
cross-vein almost completely hyaline ; the cell R,; distinctly longer than
cell R,; claws cleft, outer ray longest ; cerci minute, inconspicuous ; saw-
guides prominently retracted, exposed portion pointed, concave on dorsal
and ventral edges before the apex; colour black, except the legs beyond
the knees, which are white, with apices of the tarsi infuscated ; wings
infuscated, stigma and veins brownish.

Length, 7 mm.

ffabitat.—Described by H. G. Dyar from a female bred from -larve

on Aldnus; Franconia, N. H. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson); Ithaca, N. Y.
(MacGillivray).

308 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

TWO NEW SPECIES OF THERIDIIDA.
BY CYRUS R. CROSBY, ITHACA, N. Y.
Theonoe stridula, new species.—Male: Length, .78 mm.; cephalo-
thorax, wide .35 mm., long .39 mm. _ In the following table the measure-
ments are given in millimeters :

LEGS. if IL. Ill. IV.
Barca elit ees Seatac .24 ‘22 2 124
Metis silo aeeer een ckeL i. a ee 16 .14 25g
SID jn ape Gok ROOD ods BAL Ns .19 16 25
Pate Res erage e cree ee ene ae el .12
PEIN ive aCe ee eos. Cane eR 3 225 34

Cephalothorax short and moderately elevated, sides arcuate, slightly
narrowed in front, dull grayish-yellow, eyes surrounded by narrow black
rings; posterior eyes in a slightly recurved line, equal, the median
separated from each other by one and one-half times their diameter, and
from the lateral by one-half their diameter ; anterior eyes in a very slightly
procurved line, subcontiguous, the median smaller than the lateral ;
median ocular area wider behind than in front and wider than long.
Clypeus protruding, slightly convex and slightly wider than the ocular
area. Chelicerze longer than the clypeus and paler than the rest of the
cephalothorax. Sternum strongly convex and nearly circular, widely
separating the posterior coxz, dull yellowish-brown, bordered on the sides
and behind with dark gray, sparsely and evenly clothed with small erect
hairs, labium and endites lighter in colour. Abdomen dark gray, in life
probably nearly black, beneath the same colour, except the strongly
developed epigastric sclerite, which is grayish-yellow. Stridulating organ
present as two short. broad teeth on the front of the abdomen, just above
the pedicle, which are opposed by striated areas on the posterior part of
the cephalothorax. Legs yellowish, patellee much lighter. The so-called
auditory hairs are arranged as follows: On the first and second pairs of
legs, two near the base of tibia, one on the basal half of metatarsus and
one on basal third of tarsus ; on the third pair, three near the base of
tibia, none on metatarsus, one on basal fourth of tarsus ; on the fourth
pair, three on tibia, one at middle and two on basal half, none on
metatarsus, one on basal fourth of tarsus. Palpus with the femur rather

long, curved slightly inward, patella short and curved, tibia a little longer
and prolonged on the upper outer side, so that the bulb is contained in
the angle between it and the tarsus.

September, 1906

nut es

“Sa

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 509

One specimen collected November 20, 1904, on the south bank of
Hinkson Creek, Columbia, Missouri. Type in the Cornell University

collection.

g
Fic. 33.—Theonoe stridula, n. sp. Fic. 34.—Theonoe stridula, n, sp.
Male palpus. Male palpus.
ent —_—
7 races ee ge ir ed
Fic. 35.—Histagonia Marxz, n. sp. Fic. 36.—Histagonia Marx, n. sp,
Male palpus. Chelicerze.

Histagonia Marxi, new species.—Male: Length, 1.1 mm.; cephalo-
thorax, wide .43 mm., long .52 mm. Cephalothorax a short oval,

narrowed in front, strongly elevated and protuberant in the eye region,
brownish-yellow. Posterior eyes in a moderately recurved line, about
equidistant and with the median eyes a little smaller than the lateral ;
anterior eyes in a procurved line, equidistant and with the median the
smaller. Clypeus concave. Chelicere nearly parallel, upper margin of
the furrow provided with an angular projection, bidentate at the tip and
preceded by an obtuse lobe, lower margin unarmed. Sternum wider than
long, rounded at the sides and widely separating the posterior coxze

310 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

behind. Endites slender and inclined towards each other. Abdominal
sclerites well developed, the dorsal one covering nearly the whole upper
surface, the antemammuillary sclerite in the form of a ring surrounding the

spinnerets, epigastric sclerite very large, completely surrounding the
pedicle as a broad plate. Legs yellowish-brown, the patellee much lighter,
anterior femora enlarged and armed below with a series of eight or nine
strong spines. Palpus with the femur rather long and slender, patella
short and rounded, tibia short, prolonged on the outer side, and bearing
near the margin a row of long hairs.

Female: Much like the male in colour, but lacking the dorsal
abdominal scierite. The cephalothorax is not so strongly prominent in
the eye region, the anterior eyes not being borne ona protuberance are
therefore much closer together. Anterior femora neither enlarged nor
armed with a series of spines. The epigynum consists of a large convex
sclerite, the posterior margin of which is raised into a thin transverse,
nearly vertical plate, which bears a very small obtuse tooth at the middle,
The ducts are united just in front of the opening, which is small, round,
and situated on the inner side of the plate near its posterior margin.

The proportions of the segments of the legs are shown in the follow-
ing table:

MALE.
LEGS. I. II. III. IV. PALPUS.

sar. .24 21 18 2
Met .28 21 18 23
SEID Sesto ee ee a) 18 25
PAL: iissscdaeeye caceueeing {15 .13 14
| Sic) | ua sco / ay ee 4

FEMALE.
SUA Ty 7S ane torsiees .26 24 Zits 223 19
Mei 2s. Mesh oaeO 23 ey 24 ae
SEDI Ache tho cr ca a 25 .19 .26 .09
1 BE fn eh <a RR .16 14 hf .07
LN 1 Doel Ra ea 43 22 .48 |

Beersheba, ‘Tennesee and District of Columbia, contained in a
collection purchased by Cornell University from William Fox, and bearing
the label ‘‘ Ceratinella unimaculata, Marx, MS.” ‘Type in the Cornell
University collection.

bby Se PREPS

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Bd fab

FOUR NEW CULICIDZ FROM JAMAICA, WEST INDIES.
BY M. GRABHAM, KINGSTON, JAMAICA.

The larve of the four species described below were collected, with a
large number of others, from temporary pools which form on the plains
around this city after the seasonal rains. The different species were
separated into breeding bottles, and specimens of the larval skin casts
and of the larve themselves, when abundant, were preserved for study.

Janthinosoma echinata, nov. sp.—Q. Head covered with flat
spindle-shaped yellow scales, mingled with black hairs, a few long yellow
hairs projecting between the eyes, many upright forked scales at the back.
Eyes with deep purple reflections, bordered posteriorly with silvery-white
scales. Antenne brown, basal segment deep brown, second slightly

inflated, with a few short black hairs. Proboscis
black, with violet reflections, speckled with yellow
scales. Palpi densely covered with biack and yellow
scales, the latter predominating in two basal joints.
Clypeus black. Prothoracic lobes with a few golden
scales and black hairs. Mesothorax black, with
spindle-shaped golden scales scattered over its sur-

5 2 face, two denser clusters of these scales on the front
margin adjoining the prothoracic lobes, also at the

LLY posterior margin between the lateral and mid bare
ul spaces. Two narrow median bare lines running over

Fic, 77-—Janthinosoma three-quarters lerigth of the mesothorax, broadening
oe ae lower pecten 8 they approach its anterior margin; a median and
aan wee ret. spines two lateral bare areas at the posterior margin. A row

of long black hairs above the wing insertions; a
number of short black hairs distributed in no definite order over the
mesothorax. Scutellum black, clusters of golden scales on the mid and
lateral lobes ; six to eight black hairs spring from the posterior margin of
the mid lobe, and three to four from each of the lateral lobes. Pleura
with patches of silvery-white scales. Metanotum deep brown. Abdomen
black, with violet reflections, basal segment with lofg white hairs, apex of
each segment bordered with a few long white hairs. Lateral apical
patches of white scales in the posterior segments. Venter yellow, densely
covered with broad yellow scales, among which are interspersed a few
violet scales, especially near the bases of the segments. Legs dark

metallic violet, with well-marked knee spots on all the femora, Tibi,
September, 1906

oe THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

metatarsi and tarsi of the hind legs densely scaled. Third and fourth
tarsi of the hind legs white scaled. All the ungues uniserrate and equal.
Wings, first submarginal longer and narrower than the second posterior,
its stems less than half its length. Stem of the second posterior cell a
little shorter than the cell. Posterior cross vein more than its own length
behind the mid cross vein. Halteres with pale stems and knobs. Length,
5.5 mm.

3 .—Antenne pale brown, second joint. slightly inflated, thickly
clothed with a number of long-stalked black scales, with fan-like heads,
and long black hairs. Proboscis black, with a faint band on its lower
third. Palpi longer than the proboscis by the two terminal joints. Two
terminal joints inflated and densely black-scaled, a number of long black
hairs along the under surface, a few black hairs on the apex of the terminal
joint. Antepenultimate joint inflated at the apex, a few black hairs on the
under surface near the apex. <A single narrow band of golden scales on
its lower third. Terminal segment of the clasp greatly dilated in the
middle. Harpes, limb extending into a thin lamina at the apex, from
the internal border of which a number of long thin flattened hairs arise ;
at the tip two convol]nted processes are attached. Harpagones with
strong recurved tips and two stout thorn-like tubercles on their convex
surfaces. Unci deeply chitinized adherent along their internal borders.
Setaceous lobes absent. Ungues of the fore and mid tarsi unequal, the
larger with two teeth, a long blunt one and a small basal one; the smaller
with a minute basal tooth. Ungues of the hind tarsi uniserrate and equal.
Length, 5.5 mm.

The following points were noted in the adult Larva: Fully grown
adult larva nearly 5/16 inch long. Antenne large and prominent, longer
than the head, strongly curved about the middle, deeply fuscous except at
the base. Slightly inflated in the lower half. Tuft at the middle of about
six fine feathered hairs not exceeding half the antennal shaft in length.
Apex with three or four short spines. _ Surface covered with stout
chitinous spines. Mentum deeply infuscated, somewhat narrowly
triangular ; teeth dark and numerous ; apical tooth large and prominent.
Both upper and lower epistomal hairs are double and feathered, extending
beyond the margin of the head. Anteantennal tuft of 8-1o feathered
divisions. body glabrous except for a few small scattered’ dendritic
hairs. A small dorsal patch of minute thorn-like spines, arranged in
curved lines, on each segment from the second to the seventh. Lateral

———-

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. FIs

hairs of the abdomen paired and flattened ; on the anterior segments each
hair is large and 4- to 7-branched, hairs becoming smaller and with fewer

branches on the hinder segments. Comb of six or seven scales in a
curved row, the largest in the middle. Central scales joined by a thin
broad chitinous band, the upper and lower scales separate, base of each
scale oval, sides coarsely setose below, the apical free border with one
curved stout central spine and two to six much shorter lateral spines. Air
tube fusiform, inflated, deeply infuscated, devoid of hairs, about four times
as long as wide (at the base) ; pecten rows of four well-separated teeth in
each, a fifth small pair at the extreme base in some specimens ; rows one-
quarter length of tube ; upper two pairs of teeth with two or three smaller
denticulations on the inner side, lower pairs with denticulations on both
sides. Band ringing the anal segment about as long as broad ; barred
area running along whole length of the band. Ventral tufts of 18-20
pairs. A pair of tufts and long simple sete dorsaily. Anal gills very
long, narrow, pointed, 2% times as long as the longest hairs of the ventral
brush. Pupa with short, stout siphons.

Observations.—Four living larve of this handsome species were taken
from a temporary pool in a logwood thicket, about 534 miles along the
Molynes Road, near Kingston, early in April, 1906. The larva is large
and stout, the head, which is much compressed antero-posteriorly, is set
at right angles to the thorax, and the large antenne are carried almost
vertically downwards, giving the larva a peculiar appearance. The
description of the larva is drawn up from the larval skin casts, that of the
adult head, thorax and abdomen from the freshly-killed specimens. A
notable feature in the male is the thickly-scaled second antennal joint.

Aedes auratus, nov. sp.—®. Head covered with narrow
curved yellow scales and hairs. Many forked upright yellow scales at the
back ; a few forked upright black scales and black hairs at the sides.
Antenne dark brown, joints with pale yellow hairs. Palpi black, speckled
with yellow scales. Proboscis black, with scattered yellow scales and
hairs, especially near the base. Clypeus black. Thorax rich golden
yellow. Frothoracic lobes with black hairs and yellow scales. Meso-
thorax densely covered with narrow curved golden-yellow scales in front,
somewhat more scantily at the back (scales of thorax darker in shade than
those on the head) ; on each side in front, near the middle line, there are
two small dark spots ; there is also a large dark area on each side reaching
from the prothoracic lobes to above the wing insertions, and extending

’

314 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. .

laterally to the margin, and a pair of conspicuous black spots near the
middle line on the posterior third. A row of black hairs extends from

these spots to the posterior margin of the mesothorax. Scutellum with
patches of yellow scales on the mid and lateral lobes. Pleura grayish,
with patches of white scales and hairs. Metanotum brown. Abdomen
black, with narrow basal bands of golden

scales and a row of long white hairs along

the posterior margin of each segment ;

lateral areas of silvery scales on the xa

hinder segments ; scattered over the dark A \
scaled areas are a number of lighter wy A
scales, which form an ill-defined stripe \ A A
along the middle of the abdomen. Venter mn \
white scaled, small apical areas of black ;
scales on the hinder segments at the a

sides. Legs black: femora white below
through the whole length, except near the
apex, where there is a black spot; thickly
speckled with white scales above, espe-
cially near the base ; knee spots small.
Tibize, metatarsi and tarsi al! ventrally
white scaled, a few long bristles on the
joints, those along the tibie longest.
Ungues all equal and uniserrate. Wings,
veins covered with broad, short, flattened
scales, extremities of the upper veins with
Jong narrow ones as well. Upper forked
cell narrow and a little longer than the
lower. Stem about half its length. Pos-

a

2 . Fic. 38.—dedes auratus, n. sp.—a, pec-
terlor cross vein rather more than its Own ten tooth; 4, thorn-like spines on ab-

3 s P domen; c, ornamentation of thorax.
length distant from the mid cross vein.

Halteres with pale stems and knobs. Length, 3.5 mm,

3g .—Proboscis black, nearly as long as the palpi, with scattered yellow
scales, especialiy near the base, apex slightly swollen, tip light brown. Both
terminal joints of the palpi somewhat swollen, and covered with many
long black hairs, more numerous underneath. Ungues of the fore and
mid tarsi very nearly equal, larger with two teeth, smaller with one basal
tooth ; ungues of the hind tarsi equal ,and uniserrate. Genitalia closely

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 315

resembling those described and figured by Felt (N. Y. State Museum,
Bulletin 97), for Cudicada confirmatus, Theo. ‘The spine at the apex of
the terminal clasp segment is about one-fifth length of segment. Claspette
obsolete, represented by a few weak setz and long hairs, one hair much
longer than the others, curved at the tip and swollen towards the base.
Harpes slender, curved, base without hairs. Harpagones stout, very
deeply infuscated, with a recurved sharp point. Setaceous lobes with a
few short, stout sete. Length, 3.5 mm.

Notes on the adult Larva.—The fully grown larva attained a length
of nearly % inch. Head nearly circular, deeply infuscated ; antennze
uniformly chitinized, short, stout, subconical, gradually tapering to the
apex, straight along the inner surface, cuter surface with a constriction at
the lower third, giving the antennal shaft a semi-bulbous outline at the
base. Apex with four short, stout spines. Tuft below the middle of
about six short hairs not reaching to the apex. Lower surface of
antenna with a few large isolated chitinous spines, upper surface with
several longitudinal lines of small closely-placed spines; these lines extend
through nearly the whole length of the antennal shaft ; near the base they
divide and ramify. The spines vary much in size, and are for the most
part directed inwards. Mentum broadly triangular, with about 4o rather
small teeth. Upper and lower epistomal hairs single, short; anteantennal
hair tuft with about ten divisions. Thorax densely spinous, with short,
stout, thorn-like spines; abdominal spines less dense, arranged in
ill-defined transverse rows. - Lateral hairs paired on the first
segment, single on all the other segments. Scales of lateral comb about
15 ina group. Each scale bordered with fine sete, one or two rather
longer terminal spines, the longest of these about half as long as the body
of the scale. Air tube about twice as long as broad, a little inflated above
the base, deeply infuscated except just at the apex; pecten reaching to
the middle, a pair of rather weak hair tufts on a level with the highest
pair of pecten teeth ; teeth about 15 in number, deeply chitinized, each
tooth with several minor teeth on the inner side, one of the latter greatly
exceeding the others in size. Anal plate completely encircling the
segment, about two-thirds as long as_ broad; ventral hair tufts about
ten pairs springing from a separate barred area; dorsal group of two
pairs, upper pair short, compound ; lower simple, four times as long as
the former. Anal gills equal, lanceolate, narrowing to a fine point, about
half as long again as the ventral hair group.

316 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Aedes pertinax, , nov. sp.— 2. Head with a triangular, yellow area
in the centre, made up of yellow hairs and narrow curved scales, some rather
broad, flattened ones at the sides, sides and back of the head black, with
many upright forked scales and hairs ; antennze dark brown, with silvery
hairs on the joints; palpi and proboscis black, speckled with silvery
hairs. Clypeus dark brown. Prothoracic lobes black, with many long
black hairs. Mesothorax black, sparingly covered with very small narrow
curved dark brown scales, a narrow line of brilliant golden scales in the
3 middle line extending to the posterior
quarter (in some specimens this line is
ill-defined, in others broad and conspicu-
ous), a few long hairs near the posterior
border and in front of the wing insertions.
Scutellum dark brown, with many long
black hairs. Pleura grayish, with patches
of silvery scales and hairs. Abdomen,
upper surface black, with moderate basal
bands of yellow scales, and with large
lateral areas of silvery ones, two small
circular areas of golden scales in the
centre of each segment. A few long
white hairs along the apical border of
each segment. Venter almost entirely
white, with creamy scales, a few black
scales near the apical borders of the
segments. Wings, extremities of the long
veins with long narrow scales and short
broad ones, upper forked cell longer, but
about as broad as the lower, its stem
half its Jength; the stem of the lower
forked cell nearly as longas the cell. The
posterior cross vein half its own length
behind the mid cross vein. MHalteres
with pale stems and knobs. — Legs black,
unbanded, femora and tibiz with many
Fig. ig) dedes pertinax, n.' spa) SYCUOW @ocales — Weleath, sefewer winiman ne

pecten tooth +2, comb scales oy orua’s. mmetatabsie and (arsi geames “Spots sine
Ungues all equal and uniserrate,

the tooth large. Length, 4 mm.

ae

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 317

¢.—Head, yellow area in the centre more extensive, broad, flat,
yellow scales abundant; palpi black, terminal joints slightly inflated, a
little longer than the proboscis ; both terminal joints and apex of the
antepenultimate densely covered with long hairs, some very stout ones at
the apices of the joints. Mesothorax with the band of golden scales con-
spicuous. Terminal clasp segment slender, curved, slightly swollen in the
middle, apical spine blunt, about one-fifth length of limb. Basal clasp
segment with a large apical lobe ; claspette a well-developed lobe near the
base, covered with short spines (no long ones present). Harpes, bases
villous with fine hairs, at the apex of each a recurved sickle-like portion.
Harpagones deeply infuscated, with a strong recurved spine on each.
Unci membranous, separated, each terminating in a point. Setaceous lobes
pyramidal, with about ten strong carved spines along the internal borders
-only. Ungues of the fore and mid legs unequal, the larger claw with two
teeth, the smaller with one. Ungues of the hind legs equal and
uniserrate. Length, 4 mm.

Notes on the adult Larva.—Head broadly ‘elliptical, long diameter
transverse, deeply infuscated. Antenna subcylindrical, with a slight curve
inwards, infuscated uniformly. Apex with four short spines, one much
longer than the others. Surface with scattered large chitinous spines ;
the upper surface has in addition several longitudinal rows of minute
spines running the whole length of the shaft, the points of these spines
directed inwards. Tuft below the middle of about eight short hairs not
reaching to the apex of the shaft. Upper and lower epistomal hairs
single, a small compound hair on the inner side of these, anteantennal hair
tuft of 7-8 divisions. Mentum triangular, with about 30 small teeth.
Thorax and abdomen sparingly covered with fine sete. Two large hairs
on each side of the first abdominal segment, a single large one on all the
others. Comb of about ten scales in a single curved row, each scale with
a strong apical spine and a number of fine sete on each side, spine as
long as the body of the scale. Air tube 2x1, deeply chitinized except just
below the apex, subconical, slightly swollen above the base. Rows of
pecten teeth insertions reaching up half the tube. Teeth eveniy spaced,
about twelve in number, each with several sma!l denticles on the inner
side ; these are progressively smaller from above downwards. A pair of

large compound hairs at the level of the upper pair of teeth. Band
ringing anal segment about two-thirds as long as broad ; ventral group of
hair tufts (about ten pairs) from a separate barred area; dorsal group com-
posed of a pair of compo.ind and,.simple hairs. Anal gills unequal,

318 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

tapering ; ventral pair a litle longer than the longest ventral hairs, dorsal
pair one-third as long again as the ventral pair.

Observations.—-The larva of this species superficially closely resem-
bles the foregoing, and still more those of A. hemisurus, Dyar and Knab.
The last named has no rows of spines on the antenna, the comb scales are
without spines, having only sete, and the compound hairs in the tube are
above the pecten rows. According to Dyar and Knab’s table and figure
(from N, Y. Ent. Soc., Vol. XIV), it would seem to be near A. tormentor,
D. & K., a mainland species.

Mochlostyrax Jamaicensis, nov. sp.—Q. Head with pale yellow
flattened scales at the middle and sides, many long black forked scales at
the back, each of these irregularly frayed along the upper expanded
border. Some long black hairs among the other scales. Proboscis black,
swollen at the apex, speckled with yellow scales, tip yellow. Palpi black,
the terminal joints yellow scaled. Eyes with white
borders posteriorly. Clypeus dark brown. Antenna
dark brown, joints with scattered brown hairs, these are
rather larger and arranged in a ring below each ‘clear
area, suggesting a double set of verticellate hairs. Pro-
thoracic lobes black, somewhat prominent, covered with
fine scales and long black hairs. Mesothorax black,
with two dark brown median bands anteriorly. Surface
covered with fine hair-like scales, a row of long black
hairs on each side of the mid line, another row at the
edge near the prothoracic lobes, and a group in front of Sie
the insertion of the wing. Scutellum dark brown, with $P;—abar from comb;
fine scales, six long bristles on the posterior border of
the mid lobe, and four on each of the lateral lobes. Metanotum dark
brown. Pleura grayish, with a line of black bristles down each side to
the mid cox, a cluster of bristles anteriorly between the front coxe,
several small patches of white hairs below the insertions of the wings.
Abdomen black, and speckled with dull white scales, the latter denser at
the bases of the segments, forming a pronounced band at the base of the
second segment, long white hairs along the posterior borders of the
segments. Small lateral white scaled areas on the sixth and seventh
segments formed by the extensions of the white ventral bands. Venter
with broad crescentic basal bands of silvery scales. Legs black, ventral
surfaces of the femora white, except at the extreme apices, where there are

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 319

patches of black bristles ; apices of femora and tibiz swollen. A band of
lighter scales running along the under surfaces of all the legs (especially
marked on the mid legs) to the tips. A yellow spot at the apex of hind

tibiez. Knee spots not defined. Ungues equal and simple. Wings, the
apical portions of the first four long veins densely scaled with broad fan-
shaped scates. The two median rows of broad scales are represented by
narrow elongated ones on the bases of the second and third, first part of
the base of the fourth and upper arm of the fifth. The remainder of the
base of the fourth and the lower arm of the fifth have long scales on one
side only. The base of the fifth has broad scales only throughout its
length. On the sixth long vein the scales are all slender and elongated.
First submarginal cell as wide as but much longer than the second
posterior, about four times as long as the stem ; second posterior with the
stem about half length of the cell. Posterior cross vein about twice its
own length distant from the mid cross vein. Halteres with pale stems and
knobs, the latter mottled with dark areas. Length, 2.5 mm.

gf .—Palpi black, copiously speckled with yellowish scales, slender,
larger than the proboscis, the tip of the latter reaching to the middle of
the penultimate joint ; long hairs along the sides and under surfaces of
the first two joints and apex of the antepenultimate joint. Both terminal
joints and apex of antepenultimate joint slightly swellen. Abdomen
black, with scattered dull white scales: these form an ill-defined band
down the centre of the abdomen, lateral patches of silvery scales on the
fifth, sixth and seventh segments. Legs black, conspicuous lines of lighter
scales on the under surfaces of all the legs. | Ungues of the fore and mid
tarsi unequal and uniserrate ; larger with one long median blunt tooth,
smaller with a small basal tooth. Ungues of the hind tarsus equal and
simple. Length, 2.5 mm.

The following points were noted in the adult Larva: Fully grown
larva about ¥% inch long, with relatively large head and thorax. Antenne
large and prominent, larger than the head, slightly curved in lower third,
somewhat swollen in the basal half, only moderately infuscated, rather
more so above the lateral tuft and at the extreme base. ‘Tuft a little above
the middle, of about twelve fine flattened hairs measuring about three-
quarters length of the antennal shaft. Apex with four large deeply
infuscated spines, the two longest about half the length of shaft. Surface
covered with many fine chitinous spines, especially along the outer aspect.
Mentum small, with about fifteen teeth, apical tooth prominent. Upper

320 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

epistomal hair double or single, lower larger, single, both flattened,
neither reaching to the anterior border of head. Anteantennal hair with
five or six divisions, flattened. Thorax coarsely pilose along the anterior
and lateral aspects. Abdomen finely pilose, more densely at the insertion
of the lateral hairs and near the comb. — Lateral hairs long, five on each
side of the first segment, three on the second, paired on the hinder
segments. Comb of 10-12 well-separated bars in a curved row, upper
ones smaller, smallest about one-third length of longest. Each scale has
a line of fine hairs on each side, most marked on the swollen basal portion.
Air tube subconical, with a slight curve forward, about five times as long
as broad (at the base). A pair of hooks at the tip, each with a fine curved
tooth at the middle. Eight or nine pairs of long hairs along the posterior
surface, each with 4-5 divisions ; upper shorter, two pairs within the lines
of insertion of the pecten teeth. Lines of pecten teeth insertions reach up
one-quarter of the tube; teeth about nine pairs, upper very long, tips of
the highest approach the middle of the tube, each tooth narrow, flattened,
slightly curved, with many fine sete along its inner border. Two pairs of
small compound hairs on each side of the tube, one near the middle, the
other within the upper quarter. Band ringing the anal segment about as
long as broad. Ventral group of hairs spring from a separate barred area.
Dorsal group of two pairs of very long simple, nearly equal, hairs. Anal
gills with prominent trachez, elongated, narrow, unequal, lower pair
iongest, half as long again as the ventral hair group. Pupa with rather
long, deeply-infuscated siphons.

Observations.—The larve of this species, belonging to Dyar and
Knab’s interesting new genus, AZochlostyrax, were collected in the same
locality as the preceding. They were placed in a separate jar, with an
abundance of Crustacea and Infusoria, and developed rapidly. ‘The usual
position of the larva was on its back at the bottom of the jar or hooked up
on the sides by its siphon. It apparently never rose to the surface except
just before pupating. The adults bear a strong superficial resemblance to
the small swamp mosquito, AZe/anoconian atratus, Theo., the venation and
form of the wing scales being precisely similar. The description of the
adults was drawn up from freshly-killed specimens.

Mailed September 7th, 1906,

©. ty

The @ anautiay Entomologist

Vou; 2. ex VIF. LONDON, OCTOBER, 1906. No. 10

THREE NEW CANADIAN FLEAS.
BY THE HON. N. CHARLES ROTHSCHILD, M.A., F.L.S., TRING, HERTS, ENG.

I. Chetopsylla setosus, sp. nov.—-Nearest to Ch. ursz, Rothsch. (1902),
but easily recognized by the shape of the abdominal sclerites and the tarsi.

Head.—The-labial palpus consists of about ten segments, reaching
beyond the trochanter, while in wssz there are seven or eight segments
only. There is one row of four or five bristles before the eye. The
occiput bears two or three hairs behind the base of the antenna, a lateral
row of four or five bristles in the centre, and a subapical row.

Thorax.—There is one row of bristles on the pronotum, besides one
or two hairs situated on the back. The epimerum of the metathorax is
strongly produced backwards, rather more so than in Ch. trichosa, Koh.

(1903), and bears a posterior row of from six to nine bristles, besides about
ten smaller ones, which are arranged in two irregular rows.
Abdomen.—The tergites of the first seven segments bear each two
rows of bristles, there being some additional hairs in front of these rows
on the first three tergites. The anterior row is incomplete on the
posterior tergités. On the second tergite there are about eight, on the
third about six bristles placed beneath the stigma, while there are in this

- position two bristles on segments four to seven, the last bristle of the

postmedian row being likewise situated below the stigma (Fig. 41).”

Fic. 41. Fic. 42.

The first sternite has some lateral bristles, while the sternites of segments
three to seven bear each a row of three or four bristles, and from

322 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

seven to ten smaller ones. All the dorsal and ventral sclerites of
segments one to seven are small and (in extended specimens only ?)
widely separated. The hinder edge of the sternites is slanting, the
upper hinder angle projecting backwards. ‘The seventh sternite is sinuate
(Fig. 42).

Legs.— The arrangement of the bristles is of the type usually found
in this genus. ‘Fhe hind tibia bears six dorsal pairs of bristles. One of
the apical bristles of the second hind tarsal segment reaches to the middle
of the fifth segment, while the longest apical bristle of the fourth hind
tarsal segment extends nearly to the claw. The bristles on the ventral
surface of the mid and hind tarsi are numerous. The fifth segment is as
slender as in Ch. ¢richosa, being much slenderer than in Ch. ursi. It
bears ventrally a subbasal hair. The proportional length of the tarsal
segments is as follows :

Mid tarsus s.5% 25 23 16 12 28

HMinditarsus..; 2... 46 28 18 | 14 28

We have two females of this species, one from Eagle River, Sicamous,
Canada, 1st Sept., 1903, collected from Canis /atrans by. Mr. G. F.
Dippie, and another from Mabel Lake, British Columbia, 6th May, 1go2,
taken from Ursus americanus by Mr. Allan Brooks.

Length, 3.5 mm.

2. Ctenopsyllus selenis, spec., nov.—Close to Crenopsyllus hesperomys,
Baker (1904), which we know only from the description, the ? alone
being described by Baker.

Head.—The three upper bristles of the frontal row are spine-like,
being short and stout, while the other bristles of this series are slender,
gradually tapering to a fine point. There are two genal spines, as in C?.
hesperomys.

Thorax.—The pronotum bears a comb of 26 spines. —The mesonotum
is one-fourth longer than the metanotum in the 2, while these two tergites
are nearly equal in length in the ¢. In Aesperomys the mesonotum is

said to be twice the length of the metanotum (?). The number of hairs
on the metathoracical epimerum is slightly variable, there being usually 3,
3, 1 in the ¢, and one or two more in the @.

Abdomen.—Vhe tergites bear, like the metanotum, some short teeth
at the apex, being, moreover, minutely serrated. The numbers of these

ee ee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 323

teeth are on the two sides together in the f 6, 6 or 7, 5 or 6, 4 to 6, 2 to
4, 2, and in the ? 4 to 6, 6 to 8, 5 or 6, 2 to6,0o0r2,0. ‘The sternites
of segments 4 to 6 bear in ? on each side a row of four bristles, the
sternite of the seventh segment a row of seven or eight bristles, there
being in the ¢ three bristles on the sternites of segments 3 to 7. At the
apex of the seventh tergite there are three bristles in both sexes,
the first and third being in the ¢ rather shorter, but somewhat thicker
than the lower bristles of the postmedian row, while in the @ the third
bristle attains nearly the length of the central one, the upper bristle being
aus short as in the ¢. The styiet of the 2 is about two and one-half
times as long as it is basally broad.

Legs.—There are on the outer side of the hind femur two bristles
behind the ventral subbasal sinus, one bristle above the sinus and a
small subventral one further back ; posteriorly at the apex there are two
subventral bristles on the outer side and one on the inner.

The proportional length of the mid and hind tarsal segments is as
follows :

MINGIREATSUS;. cc 35k stoes cite 17 12 | 9 6 11
SSeS cet ane 18 14 9 6 11
EUIMEIATSUS: OG iaeaees es | 290 he PF If 7 VI
cc Oe iekehecameecak 33 19 el 8 II

Modified Segments.— g. The eighth sternite is rounded truncate at
apex, bearing a number of long bristles (Fig. 43, VIII st). The
manubrium (M) is acuminate and slen-

F ? der. ‘The process (P) of the clasper

; : reaches to the apex of the finger, its

tip being rounded. The finger (F) has
the shape of a half crescent, the distal
(= ventral) edge being almost regu-
larly rounded, bearing three long and
some short bristles. ‘The ninth sternite
bears five long bristles and a number
cf small hairs (1X st). ? .—The
seventh sternite bears a small sinus.
On the eighth tergite there are three or

324 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

four small hairs above the stigma and one long bristle, and one or two
small hairs below the stigma. Atand near the apical and ventral margins
of this tergite there are seven to eleven long bristles and four to six
smaller ones proximally of the long ones, the apical edge bearing besides
three long and four short bristles.

Length). 4.1.3.mm.3" ye. iin:

The following is a list of the specimens we have in our collection :

t ¢.—Horse Creek, Upper Columbia Valley, Canada, 13th Oct.,
1903, Leromyscus canadiani, G. F. Dippie.

1 ¢.—Horse Creek, Upper Columbia Valley, Canada, 14th Feb.,
1901, Microtus Drummonadi, G. F. Dippie.

1 ¢.—Blackfalds, Alberta, Canada, 11th Aug., 1904, Kangaroo
mouse, A. D. Gregson.

2 %.—-Kicking Horse Canyon, British Columbia, 6th Oct., 1903,
Evotomys gapperi, G. F. Dippie.

3 9.—Red Deer, Alberta, Canada, 4th Aug., 1901, Evotomys

gappert, G. F. Dippie.

3. Ctenopsyllus hamifer, spec. nov.—This species bears, like the
preceding species and C¢. hesperomys, Baker (1904), a genal ctenidium of
two spines. The insect
agrees very closely with Cz.
selenis, except inthe geni-
talia.

ffead.—Only the upper
two bristles of the frontal
row are short and _ spine-
like. ;

?

Thorax. — The meta-
thoracical epimerum bears
nine bristles, 4, 4, I.

: Abdomen.—The abdom-
vist. inal sternites of segments

eee 4 to 6 bear on each sidea
row of four bristles, while the seventh segment has a row of five.

Modified Segments.— 6. The eighth sternite (Fig. 44, VIII st.) is
apically produced downward, bearing at some distance from the apical
edge four long bristles. ‘The manubrium (M) is rather broader than in
Ct. sevenis. The clasper is longer and the finger (F) larger and quite

aes DP PRLS

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 325

different in shape. The finger bears three long bristles, one standing at
the ventral corner and two above it ; they are broken in our only speci-
men. The ninth sternite (1X st.) is also very different from that of Cz.
selenis, being much broader. It bears three bristles at the ventral edge,
and many small hairs, as shown in the figure.

Length, 2 mm.

We have one ¢ taken off d/ustela sp. at Blackfalds, Alberta,
Canada, on the roth Jan., :g01, by Mr. A. D. Gregson.

NOTES ON THE YOUNG LARVA OF SOME SPECIES OF
PULVINARIA.

BY GEORGE B. KING, LAWRENCE, MASS.

Shortly before the destruction of my laboratory in 1903, I began to
study some of the young females of several species of Coccid@, for the
purpose of determining if there were any constant structural characters
present that would enable one to identify the adult female scale, and if
there were any characters that could be used to separate closely-allied
forms, also what characters could be used in the classification of the
several genera. In the following species of Pulvinaria all are light
yellow in colour, elongate oval ; the marginal hairs are alike, the anal lobes
do not project beyond their body ; six bristles to the anal ring, and six
jointed antenne, all very much alike, the first usually short, with the third
and sixth longest. The larve studied were dead, dry examples, hatched
in confinement, and may have been in some instances of a different colour
than yellow, but turned so after long standing.

Pulvinaria Tinsleyi, King, 1900. — Unfortunately, but one poor
example was found. The antennz showed 6 joints: (1) 16, (2) 16, (3)
32, (4) 16, (5) 20, (6) 40.

Pulvinarta occidentalis, Ckll., 1894.—Boiled in potash, very dark
brown, internal juice removed colourless, 460 long, 270 broad. Legs:
coxa 36, femur + trochanter 64, tibia 52, tarsus 40, rostral loop stout,
160 long; bristles of the anal ring 4o long. Anal lobes with one long
bristle and two short simple spines 12 long. Antennal joints: (1) 20, (2)
16, (3) 36, (4) 20, (5) 24, (6) 28; the hairs on the several joints are quite
long. §
Pulvinaria Cockerelli, King, 1899.—Length. 136; breadth, 200.
Antenuar jomts::. (6) 20,"(2) 12):(3). 32, (4) 16,4(5) 20, (6) 32. Keg:

October, 1906.

326 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

coxa 20, femur + trochanter 48, tibia 44, tarsus 24 long. Bristles
of anal wing 28 long. Anal lobes have one long bristle and two short
spines. Rostral loop short, 120 long.

Pulvinaria amygdati, Ckll., 1896.—Treated with potash, light yellow
brown; internal juice removed colourless, 40¢ long, 180 broad. , Segments
of the antennz: (1) 20, (2) 16, (3) 24, (4) 16, (5) 16, (6) 28 long. Front
leg: coxa 32, femur + trochanter 48, ubia 32, tarsus 28 long. Rostral
loop short, 140 long. Anal lobe with one long bristle and two short
spines.

Pulvinaria Ehrhorni, King, 1901.—Larva 520 long, 260 broad.
Antennal joints: (1) 16, (2) 20, (3) 32, (4) 20, (5) 20, (6) 4o long.
Bristles of anal lobe 340 long, the two spines 20 long. Kostral loop very
stout, 240 long. Front leg: coxa 24, femur + trochanter 60, tarsus 52,
tibia 44 long.

Pulvinaria viburni, King, 1901.—Body 520 long, 240 broad.
Antennal joints: (1) 20, (2) 16, (3) 28, (4) 16, (5) 20, (6) 40. Front
leg: coxa 28, femur + trochanter 72, ubia 68, tarsus 28 long. Hairs of
anal ring 48 long, those of the anal tubercule 342 long, spines 20 long,

rostral loop 188 long. All the above measurements are in micromilli-
meters.

AN ALASKAN MOSQUITO.

BY C. S. LUDLOW,
Laboratory of the Office of the Surgeon-General, U.S. Army, Washington, D.C.

Among some mosquitoes lately sent from Alaska is a species which,
coming from the far north (65° N.), has the unique position of standing
near three mosquitoes found in much warmer climates, 2. e., Zheobaldia
annudata, Shrank, found in Europe, Mexico and California, an Italian
species of which Falbici says, “ Fin ora fu trovata solamenta a Macarese
ed a Pato,” and penetrans, R. Desvoidy, found in France.

Theobaldia Alaskaensis, n. sp.—Female.—Head dark brown,
covered with white curved scales, and dark brown forked scales
on the occiput, with flat white scales on the sides, and extending
down under the labium; a few brown bristles around and between
the eyes; antennee dark brown, heavy white pubescence and sparse
brown verticels, first and second joints with some white flat scales,
basal joint testaceous, with a few white flat scales on the median side ;

October, 1906.

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

palpi dark brown, sparsely covered with white flat scales and a few hairs ;
proboscis yellowish from base about two-thirds its length, the apical third
dark brown, the whole sparsely covered with thin white flat scales ; the
effect of the proboscis under the hand lens is not, however, of a band, the

proximal part being merely of golden-brown tinge, and the distal part
darker ; clypeus brown ; eyes dark blue-green.

Thorax dark brown ; prothoracic lobes with a few white curved
scales ; mesonotum sparsely clothed with rather large white curved scales,
and some brown bristles, which do not, however, form any ornamentation
except for two tiny faint white submedian spots nearly midway of the
mesothorax, which only show in rather perfect specimens ; when denuded
there is a suggestion of a dark median live; pleura dark brown, with
white flat spatulate scales ; scutellum dark brown, the white curved scales
being grouped distinctly on the lobes, the interlobular part naked ; eight
long brown marginal bristles on mid and six on the side lobes, a few
lighter bristles above ; metanotum brown.

Abdomen dark brown, with dark brown scales and yhite bands,
mostly basal, but sometimes very slightly apical, and in some specimens
develop into very narrow lateral spots, especially on the distal segments ;
occasional white scales scattered through the brown; second segment
with a narrow median line, apical almost wholly white scaled ; apices and
sides of segments rather profusely supplied with light-coloured hairs ;
venter mostly white scaled.

Legs : Coxe and trochanters all brown, with white scales ; femora

* dorsally brown, scaled with a sprinkling of white scales, ventrally white, a

small light apical spot, but no ring as in azuu/ata: tibie and metatarsi
also brown, sprinkled with white, with small light apices ; first and second
tarsal joints in all the legs with narrow basal light (ochraceous) spots not
always amounting to bands; remainder of tarsi brown, except on the
hind legs, where sometimes the base of 3rd and qth joints have a few
white scales, not noticeable with a hand-lens ; ungues large, simple and
equal.

Wings brown ; costa, subcosta and first long veins heavily scaled
with long truncate scales, mostly brown, but sprinkled with a few white
scales ; these are also found on the stem of the fifth; the second, third,
fourth and sixth veins clothed with long, slender, brown scales ; lateral
scales narrowly lanceolate, median truncate but slender, aggregated so as

328 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

to form four small but distinct spots, occurring at the root of the second,
the bases of the fork cells, and at junction of cross veins; first submarginal
cell about one-third longer and a trifle narrower than second posterior,
both stems about one-half the length of the latter ; cross-veins nearly of
one length, and almost in a line; ventral scales long and slender; halteres,
light stem, dark knobs.

Male.—Much as female ; antenne give banded appearance; verticels
light brown ; palpi as long or longer than proboscis, dark brown, with a

light band at base of apical joint, plumes brown except at the light band,
where they are yellowish ; very marked contraction at the distal end of
the second abdominal segment, giving a “ wasp waist” effect; legs as in
female, but the bands distinct and fairly wide, especially on the hind legs,
where there is a narrow band on the third tarsal ; in the fore and mid legs
this joint has only a suggestion of a band; fourth joint brown ; ungues
large, unequal in fore and mid legs, the larger biserrate and the smaller
uniserrate, in hind legs large, simple and equal.

Length, 1o-11 mm. Habitat, Fort Egbert, Alaska. Taken May-—
June.

Type, No-o95G; soe NL.

Described from five females and one male sent me by rst Lieut. J. R.
Bosley, Asst. Surg. U. S. Army, in two collections from Fort Egbert,
Alaska.

It is closely related to both anznulata, Shrank, Falbici, No., and
penetrans, Desvoidy. Differs from the former in that it has only the tiny
spot on the thorax ; there isno band on the female palpus, and only one
on the male ; there is no ring on the femur, and the leg bands are much
narrower and ochraceous rather than white.

It differs from Fa/bici also in the thoracic marking; the palpi are only
white scaled; the median stripe on the second abdominal segment; the
tarsal bands are basal only, and the mid ungues of the male have only one
tooth on the smaller. It apparently reverses the colouring of fenetrans,
and has only four ‘‘ maculis plus minusve distinctis.”

It is possibly not out of place to state here that the specimens from
San Francisco, Cal., which otherwise agree well with Theobald’s descrip-
tion of 7? anxnulata, Shrank, lack the mid band on the metatarsi, and that
three, and sometimes even four, tarsal joints are minutely banded,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 329

A FEW NEW COCCID2, WITH NOTES.
BY EDW. M. EHRHORN, SAN FRANCISCO, CAL..

Orthezta Californica, sp. n.—Female about 4% mm. long, 3% mm.
broad, and 2 mm. high. Body flat, very firm, and covered with thick

lamellze of a light brown colour. Margin beset with broad wax lamelle,

which grow larger caudad, ending in two, which form a shield-like

process. There are three shield-like lamelle on the anterior part of the
dorsum ; caudad of these is a deep carina, formed by two rows of lamelle
running parallel and ending at the caudal shield-like process. Antenne
and legs dark brown, beak quite stout. Female measures with egg-sac 5
mm. Egg-sac about as broad as long, and is square at caudal end,
covering entire ventral abdomen. Colour white, formed of bands of white
wax closely attached to each other. The caudal ends are of a light brown
colour. Body of female after boiling in K. O. H. remains light brown,
antenne, legs and mouth-parts dark brown. Derm is covered with
innumerable blunt, tube like spinnerets. Antenne 8-jointed, each joint
with several short, stout spines. Joint 8 ends in an elongated glassy

' process. Joint 1 longest, joints 2 and 3 subequal and next in length,

joints 6 and 7 subequal and shortest. Formula: 1 (2, 8), 3, 4, 5 (6, 7).

Measurements of antennal joints in»: 1, 320; 2, 280; 3, 160; 4,
453; 5, 140; 6, 120; 7, 120; 8, 280. Legs very long and stout, with
several rows of short, stout spines running longitudinally. Femur about

twice as long as tarsus. Tibia with two stout spines. Claw slightly

curved, with two stout spines. Measurements of middle leg in »: Coxa,
300 ;- trochanter and femur, 1,000; tibia, 740; tarsus, 440; claw, 120.
Anal ring Jarge, with 6 long stout hairs, about 260. Eggs lemon-yellow.
Young larva covered with a dense white secretion, colour of body orange-
yellow. Antenne and legs light brown. Antenne of 6 joints. Joint 6
longest, nearly twice as long as 2. Joints 3 and 5 equal, joint 4 shortest.
Formula: 6, 1, 2 (3, 5), 4. Measurements in «: 1, 100; 2, 80; 3, 60;
4, 40; 5,60; 6, I50.

ffabitat.—On Bahia sp., Mayfield, Santa Clara Co., California.

Kermes Rattant, sp. n.—Adcult female globose, from 5 to 6 mm.
in diameter, varying a little according to position on twig. Surface
smooth, not shiny, nor hardly pubescent, sometimes waxy. Colcur light
brown, generally with four white stripes running parallel with segmentation.

When seen through lens these stripes have numerous brown dots at
October, 1906,

330 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

intervals. Derm, after boiling in K. O. H., becomes colourless, with
numerous round gland-orifices and small brown dots. Antennz 6-jointed,
indistinctly segmented, joint 3 apparently longest.

Larva reddish-purple, slightly covered with secretion. Derm, after
boiling in Kk. O. H., colourless. Legs and antenne and caudal tubercles
yellowish-brown. Antenne 6-jointed. Joint 3 longest, joint 4 shortest,
joints 2 and 5 subequal. Formula approximately 3, 6, 1 (2, 5), 4. Body
elongate oval, about twice as long as broad. Margin with short, stout
spines. Caudal tubercles rounded and very prominent, with three stout
spines. Caudal sete long and stout. Legs short and stout. ‘Tibia two-
thirds of tarsus. Tarsus one-quarter shorter than femur. Claw long and
slender, slightly curved. Digitules long, fine, knobbed hairs. Anal ring
with six long stout hairs, reaching to end of tubercle.

Male sac of-snow-white felt, elongate oval, convex above, about 1%
mm. long and % mm. broad; sometimes flakes of yellow wax are found
on sac,

Male is very small, abdomen dark red, thorax and head black, wings
iridescent. Stile weil developed. Antennze 1o-jointed, joints sausage-
shaped, very hairy. Joint 1 shortest and stoutest, joints 5, 6, 7 longest
and subequal. Formula: (5, 6, 7), 2, 4, 8, 9, 10, 3, I.

Legs long and slender. Femur stout, shorter than tibia. Tibia with
stout spines. ‘Tarsus about half of tibia. Claw long and slender, and well
curved. Digitules fine hairs.

flab.—On Quercus chrysolepia, Stevens Creek Canyon, Mountain
View, California, Named in honour of my friend, Prof. Volney Rattan,
of San Jose, Cal., for whose kind assistance in botany I am under great
obligation.

Lriococcus bahie, sp. n.—Adult female enclosed in a closely-felted
sac, the exterior of which is cream coloured, the interior snow-white. Sac
about 3 mm. long and 1% mm. broad, convex above, more or less
flattened below. Eggs reddish-purple.

Body of female tapering, plump, shiny, about 24% mm. long and
1 mm. broad. Segmentation distinct. Colour dark crimson-purple. Legs
and antennz light brown. Margin with short white filaments. When
boiled in K. O. H., derm is colourless, antennz, legs and mouth-parts
remaining light brown. Margin with a row of stout conical spines.

Dorsal surface covered with small stout spines. Antennz 7-jointed, quite
hairy. Joint 3 longest, joints 2, 5, 6 subequal and shortest, Formula: 3,
AMT B54 0).

ers ts

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 331

The following variations have also been observed :

3, 4 (1, 7), 2, 5, 6.
4, 3,7 (1, 2), 5, 6.
3, 4 (1, 7), 2 (5, 6).

The measurements of joints in » are as follows: Joints 1, 36-40; 2,
32-36 ; 3, 60; 4, 52-64; 5, 24-28; 6, 20-24; 7, 40-42. Legs long and
slender. each segment with several long bristles. Coxa very stout, Sop
long by 112” broad. Femur and tarsus subequal. Tibia shorter than
tarsus. Claw stout and curved. The measurements in p are: Coxa, 50 ;
trochanter plus femur, 200 ; tibia, 136; tarsus, 148; claw, 24. Anal
ring large, with 8 stout hairs (roou). Young larva crimson-purple, very
active. Antenne and legs light brown, antenne of 6 joints. Joint 3 very
much the longest. Formula: 3, 6,1. 2 (4, 5). The measurements of
joints in » are: Joints 1, 16-28 ; 2, 16-20; 3, 36-40; 4, 16-20; 5, 16;
6, 27-28.

Caudal tubercles well developed, with long bristle (180m) and several
stout spines. Margin beset with very stout spines.

ffabitat.— On the roots of Bahia sp., Stevens Creek Canyon, Moun-
tain View, California.

Ertococcus Howardi, sp. n.—Female enclosed in a snow-white,
closely-felted sac, about 314 to 4 mm. long and 2 mm. broad, tapering,
quite convex above, not carinated. Body of female when dry very much
shrivelled, colour reddish-brown. When boiling in K. O. H., gives off a
dark crimson colour. Derm colourless, with innumerable stout, slightly
curved spines of various lengths. Legs and antenne light brown.
Mounted specimens measure about 2 mm. long and 1144 mm. broad.
Antenne 8-jointed, each joint with several hairs. Joint 3 longest, some-
times subequal with joint 8. Joints 6 and 7 subequal. Formule: -

3, 8 (1, 2), (4, 55 7), 6.
3 (ee 3), 545 5: 6, 7:
(35-8),-85) 2), (4; 5) 9 65: 7-

Measurements of joints in » are as follows: 1, 40; 2, 40-48; 3,
48-52; 4, 28-36; 5, 28-32; 6, 20-28; 7, 24-36; 8, 48. Each
antenna is equal in length to tibia + tarsus + claw. Legs moderately
short and stout. The measurements in » are: Coxa, 192; trochanter, 60;
femur, 200 ; tibia, 200 ; tarsus, 96; claw, 4o. Digitules of tarsus jong
fine knobbed hairs, those of claw short fine knobbed hairs. Anal ring

s

Sr THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

ordinary, with 8 long hairs (r7op). Caudal lobes very stout and long
(1oop by 80u broad), cone-shaped, with long stout setee about 180p, and
several stout spines.

This species resembles &. boreadis, Ckll., in having 8-jointed antenne,
but differs in other respects very much from it. Named in honour of Dr.
L. O, Howard, Entomologist of the Dept. of Agriculture, Washington,
DAG;

ffabitat.—On Quercus sp., Calaveras Valley, Santa Clara Co., Cal.

Ertococcus Cataline, sp. n.—Adult female enclosed in a snow-white
sac in masses among the fine leaves of the plant, about 314 mm. long and
1% mm. broad. Colour of body dark purple, legs and antennz light
brown. When boiled in K. O. H. liquid turns purple and body becomes
transparent. Derm covered with numerous spear-head-shaped spines and
many round glands. Anal ring large, with 6 long hairs. Caudal lobes
inconspicuous, sete long. Antenne 7-jointed, joint 7 longest, rounded
at tip, with numerous hairs, joint r next in length, other joints vary con-
siderably, as the following formule will show. Formule :

7> 1 {2, 4); 6, 3, 5:
7,1, 2 (4) 6), 5, 3:
7 (1, 2), 4 (3, 5, 6).
7, ¥ (2, 6), (3, 4s 5)-

Measurements of antennal joints in » are: 1, 40; 2, 28-40; 3, 24;
4, 24-36; 5, 20-28; 6, 24-323; 7, 60-68. One specimen with 6-jointed
antennze measured as follows: 1, 403 2, 32; 3, 48; 4, 28; 5, 32; 6, 68.

Legs short and stout like Ripersia. Coxa, 80m; trochanter plus
femur, 152; tibia, Som; tarsus, 52; claw, 2ou. ‘Tarsal digitules 36p
iong fine hairs, those of claw much shorter.

This species is very closely allied to #. artemisia, Kuw., but is
a smaller species, differs in the antennee, and does not infest the root and
trunk of the plant.

flabitat.—On Artemisia sp., Catalina Island, Cal.

[ also found Savssetza olee, Bern., on Rhus integrifolia, small
specimens about 2'4 mm. long by 2% broad, not very convex. Antenne
averaging this formala: 7, 8 (2, 4), 5, 1 (6, 7). Aspidiotus rapax,
Comst., was also found on the same plant and other shrubs.

Phenacoccus Colemani, sp.n.— Adult female salmon pink, thinly covered
with mealy secretion about 2% mm. long and 1% mm. broad. Segmenta-
tion distinct. Legs and antenne light brown, eyes black. Female with

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. goe

egg-sac about 5%4 mm. long. Sac loosely woven of greenish-tinged
cotton, not dense enough to hide the lemon-coloured eggs. Larve orange-
yellow.

Female, when boiled in K. O. H., derm first turns reddish-brown,
then becomes colourless. Antenne and legs light brown. Antenne
g-jointed, joint 9 longest, joint 1 and 5 subequal, joints 4, 6, 7, 8 shortest
and subequal. Formula: 9, 2, 3 (1,5), (4, 6, 7, 8). Each joint with
several slender hairs. Joint 9 always the longest, and joints 7 and 8
always the shortest; the other joints sometimes vary a little, and the
following formulz may assist in determining :

9, 2, 3 (1, 5), 4 (6, 7, 8).

9 (2, 3), (ty 5, 6), (4) 7, 8).
9, 2 (1, 3, 5); (4, 6); (75 8).
(9; 2), 3 (1s 5), 4 (6, 7, 8).
(91 2)> (1, 3, 5)» (4s 6), (7, 8).
(9, 2): 3 (1s 4) 5)s (65 75 8).

_Legs long and stout, with numerous hairs. Coxa quite stout, with
long stout bristle, about half as long as tibia. Tibia a little longer than
femur. Tarsus about half as long as femur. Claw long and _ slender,
slightly curved, with small denticle. Digitules of tarsus long fine hairs,
those of claw club-shaped hairs.

Ffabitat.—Onv stems and leaves of Rubus sp., on Pescadero road,
south of Palo Alto., California, June 5, 1900.

Pseudococcus juniperi, sp. n.—Aduit female oval, about 2 mm. long
and 1 mm. broad, convex, slightly covered with secretion. Egg-sac small.
Young larvee reddish. Adult female, when boiled in K. O. H., turns
dark crimson... Derm colourless, with numerous short, straight spines on
the dorsum. Antenne 8-jointed. Joint 8 longest, joint 1 and 7 sub-
equal. Joints 4, 5 and 6 about equal and shortest. Formula: 8, 3, 2 (1,
WutAsisy G), also 95)3;2,°7> 1.443550)... Legs long andsslender, Femur
and tibia about equal. *Tarsus about half of tibia. Tarsal digitules fine
knobbed hairs. Claw small, slender and curved, with curved, club-like
digitules reaching to end of claw. Measurements of leg joints in p:
Coxa, 96; trochanter, 48; femur, 1g2; tibia, 192 ; tarsus, 95 ;claw, 24.
Caudal lobes rounding, with one very long, stout bristle (200-212) and
three short, stout spines on the outer and one on the inner margin. Each
lobe has numerous round gland orifices. Anal ring large, oval, about 80
by 6opn, with six long hairs about 220.

334 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Habitat.—On Juniperus virginiana, Ashforks, Arizona.

Ripersiedlla Kelloggt, Erh. and Ckll., sp. n.—Proc. Biolog. Society
of Washington, Vol. 14, Aug. 9, 1901. Adult female generally attached
to the roots of grass, producing a small quantity of white cottony secretion,
which generally incases the body. Colour creamy-white, about 144 mm.
long and rt mm. broad, oval, sometimes pyriform, shiny. Segmentation
not very distinct. When placed in K. O. H. derm turns yellow, but
becomes transparent, so that it is difficult to find it on the slide. Antenne
very Close together, about 15, 5-jointed, quite hairy. Joint 5 longest,
longer than 2+3+4, which are subequal. Formula: 5, 1 (2, 3, 4).
Legs very short and stout. Femur very stout, about as long as tibia plus
tarsus... Tibia about as long as tarsus, with two stout bristles, about 8p.
Tarsus with stout bristle. Claw long and slender. Digitules fine hairs.
Caudal tubercles inconspicuous, with short fine bristles. Anal ring very
small, with six short fine hairs.

ffabitat.—On the roots of Bunch grass. Stevens Creek, Mountain
View, Cal.

In the Proceedings of the Biolog. Soc. of Washington, Aug. 9, tgos,
Mr. Cockerell says: ‘This species was found by Mr. Ehrhorn on the
roots of Bunch grass at Mountain View, Cal., in December, 1898, but no
description has yet been published. It is easily recognized by the
characters mentioned above. The length of the last antennal joint is
about 3oy. The mouth-parts are ordinary, the labium not elongated.”

This species was sent to Prof. Tinsley, when he established the new
genus Azperszella, and I had expected him to describe it, but after a long
silence my slides and ‘notes were returned to me. In the above descrip-
tion I have added a few more important characters, which will aid in the
determination.

Pulvinaria pluchee, sp. n.—Female scalesedark brown, about as
broad as long, varying from 3 to 4 mm. Ovisac snow-white, ribbed
longitudinally and varying in shape and length, according to position on
twig, from 3 mm. broad to 5 or 7 mm. long. After boiling in K. O. H.
derm is colourless. Marginal spines straight, slender and sharp, and
hard to detect on slide. Anal plates heart-shaped, with three slender
spines at tip and two bristles on outer margin. Anal ring with long stout
hairs. Antenne with a few slender hairs, quite stout and 8-jointed. The

be pet ea

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 335

average sequence of joints is ag follows: Joint 3 longest, 2 and 4 sub-
equal, next 1, sometimes 1 and 5 subequal, next 8, joints 6 and 7 shortest,
sometimes subequal. Formula: 3 (24) 15867. Joints measure in p:
1-48, 2-60, 3-72, 4-60, 5-44, 6-28-32, 7-28-30, 8-4c. Legs short and
stout. Measurements of middle leg in »: Coxa, 30-35; femur with
trochanter, 85; tibia, 60; tarsus, 33; claw, 12. Digitules club-shaped>
extending beyond claws. Hairs and spines of this species are few and
are very short and fine.

Ffabitat.— At San Diego, Cal., on Pluchea sericea. It covers the
twigs quite thickly. A Chalcid fly attacks the female when the cottony

sac is forming, but does not seem to materially check the scale.

NEW SPECIES OF PERLIDA.

BY NATHAN BANKS, EAST FALLS CHURCH, VA.

In looking over my collection preparatory to a rearrangement of the
forms, I find several new species, that I describe below. One of them
represents an interesting new genus, allied to Wemoura. Ihave added
illustrations of the genital structures, as these are of considerable value in
the determination of the species. I hope soon to be able to prepare a
revision of our species of this family, one of the most primitive of existing
winged insects.

Acroneuria pumila, n. sp.—Head uniformly yellowish, without
marks ; antenne and pronotum duller yeliowish ; thorax and abdomen
more brownish; legs yellowish; setz pale yellow. Wings hyaline,
venation yellowish. The ocelli form a triangle a little shorter than
equilateral, posterior ccelli very much closer to each other than to eyes ;
pronotum narrowed behind, very rugose above on each side, the smooth
median space much wider behind than elsewhere. Wings only a little
longer than the abdomen ; many cross-veins in apical region, but not in
submarginal space ; many costal cross-veins, and five or six beyond the
end of subcosta ; six to eight cross-veins in both cubital and median series.
Ventral plate of female much more produced than in any described form.

Length, 17 mm. One female from Three Rivers, California (Baker).
It is the smallest species of the genus in our country, but it is probable

that other specimens will be larger, as these forms are variable in size.
October, 1906, ~

336 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. .

Perla luctuosa, n. sp.—Head rather orange-yellow, a large black spot
covering ocelli, a transverse dark spot on clypeus, posterior angles of head

. Perlomyia collaris, fore wing.

I

2. Isoperla longiseta, ventral plate.
3. Acroneuria pumila, ventral plate.
4. Perla luctuosa, ventral plate.

5. Isoperla sordida, ventral plate.

6, 7, 8 Genitalia of Leuctra grandis,

3 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 337

behind the eyes black ; basal part of antenne yellowish, beyond the sixth
joint blackish ; pronotum orange-yellow, a broad black mark each side, but
leaving the margins pale; thorax and abdomen blackish, margins of
ventral segments and the last segment yellow ; sete yellowish, tip darker ;
legs yellowish, darker above on base of tibie, and the tarsi dark ; wings
distinctly yellowish, venation blackish, base of radius and median yellow-
ish. Head rather broad, eyes not very large, ocelli small, the triangle
broader than long, posterior ocelli nearer to eyes than to each other ;
pronotum short, slightly narrowed behind, sides straight, corners sharp,
not very rugose above. Fore wings with two cross-veins beyond the end
of the subcosta, about eight cross-veins in both median and cubital series,
three branches to radial sector beyond anastomosis, in both specimens
there is a closed cell just beyond anastomosis, between radial sector and
_ median vein.
_ Expanse, 34 mm. Two specimens from San Francisco, Cal.

Lsoperla sordida, n. sp.—Dull yellowish, an indistinct V-mark con-
necting the ocelli; a broad dark mark each side on the pronotum ;
antenne brownish on apical half ; tips of tarsi brownish ; wings flavescent,
with entirely pale yellowish venation. Head rather broad, ocelli form
equilateral triangle, the posterior ocelli about as close to the eyes as to
each other; pronotum as broad behind as in front, sides barely convex,
quite rugose above ; sete short, not as long as the abdomen, the joints
‘short. Wings quite long, about three cross-veins beyond subcosta, several
costal cross-veins, radial sector forked once about one-third to one-half
way out ; about six cross-veins in cubital and median series, radial sector
arising fully ore-half way to anastomosis.

Expanse, 24 mm. One specimen from Los Angeles, California
(Hutchinson).

Tsoperla longiseta, 0. sp.— Dull yellowish ; ocelli connected by black
V-mark ; antenne dark beyond middle ; pronotum with faint dark mark
each side, extreme margins pale; lobes of thorax brown ; abdomen
yellow-brown ; sete yellowish, darker on tips; tips of tarsi dark ; hind
tibize with a faint dark mark above near base ; wings hyaline, yellowish
on costal margin, venation pale, rather darker in middle and apical parts.
Ocelli form an equilateral triangle, the posterior ocellia trifle nearer to
eyes than to each other ; pronotum only a little narrower behind than in

338 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

front, sides straight, corners acute ; setee very long, much longer than
abdomen, joints long. Wings rather large, almost acute at tip, one
cross-vein beyond subcosta, radial sector almost geniculate at origin,
almost one-half way to the anastomosis, forked once about one-third way
out, four or five cross-veins in median and cubital series.

Expanse, 17 mm. Two specimens from Onaga, Kansas (Crevecceur).

PERLOMYTA, un. gen.—No anal sete ; second joint of tarsi much
shorter than others ; no oblique cross-veins from radius beyond end of
subcosta; radial sector furcate shortly beyond cross-vein ; third apical cell
narrowed at base ; cubital series of cross-veins extending much beyond
median series ; radial sector and median vein arise from the radius at the
same point; hind wings with large, folded anal space; and the radial sector,
median vein and cubitus all arise from the arculus.

Perlomyia col/aris, n. sp.—Black, antenne and apical joints of the
legs more brown; wings smoky, venation brown. Pronotum plainly
longer than broad, its corners rounded, above it is rug ulose each side.
Wings long, not rolled ; one basal costal cross-vein, no others ; the median
cell is narrowed at tip and closed before end of discal cell ; all apical cells

very long; about seven cross-veins in median series, and one or two
before the arculus ; about to or rr cross-veins in cubital series, three or
four beyond last of median series. In hind wings there are only two or
three median and cubital cross-veins, and the radial sector is forked just
beyond the cell.

Expanse, 23 mm. One specimen from Wellington, Brit. Col. (Taylor).

Leuctra grandis, n. sp.—Head and pronotum dark brown, clothed
with short fine hair; antennz black, basal joints paler ; thorax yellow-
brown; abdomen dark brown; legs yellowish ; wings fumose, venation
brown. Ocelli small, posterior ocelli fully three times as close to eyes as
to each other ; third joint of antenne plainly longer than fourth. Wings
rather long ; fore wings with about six cross-veins in median series, and
eleven or twelve in the cubital series; in the hind wings the fork of the
radial sector has a pedicel as long as the width of a cell, and is a little
farther basad than the fork of the cubitus.

Length, 10 mm. Several specimens from Black Mts., N. Car,
(Beutenmiiller), June. This is our largest species of the genus,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 339

NEW RHYNCHOPHORA.

BY CHAS. SCHAEFFER, MUSEUM OF THE BROOKLYN INSTITUTE,
BROOKLYN, N.’ Y.

Conotrachelus tuberculicollis, new species. — Form and size of
Juglandis, but thorax distinctly tuberculate, colour more uniform grayish,
and the post-median fascia on elytra indistinct. Head densely covered
with ochreous and white scale-like hairs ; eyes separated by about the

width of the beak; the beak slender, separated from the head by a
sliz!.t transverse impression, about as long as head and thorax and slightly
curved, distinctly tricarinate to about apical third, where it is closely
punctate ; from base to about middle the surface is sparsely clothed with
pale scale-like hairs ; antenne inserted about apical third, first joint of
funicle slightly stouter than the second, but of nearly equal length.
Thorax as long as broad, sides slightly bisinuate to a little before middle,
then abruptly narrowing to apex; surface rather uneven, with coarse
punctures and four rather prominent tubercles, of which two are placed at
apical margin and two more widely separated at middle of disk, between
which the surface is convex ; the vestiture consists of ochreous and white
scale-like hairs, the white forming at sides a more or less distinct line from
base to the median tubercles. Elytra sinuate at sides a little below the
oblique humeri, then narrowing to apex; punctures large and broadly
confluent on the disk ; third interval with three elevated crests, of which
the middle is the largest, fifth interval with two tubercles, one near base
and a larger before middle, behind middle a costiform elevation not
reaching to apex, seventh interval elevated, but feebly interrupted below
the humeral callus, surface and crests densely clothed with appressed
yellowish-gray and grayish-white scale-like hairs, the pale hairs more
condensed at the humeri and behind the median crests. Body beneath
with stout yellow hairs; mesosternum narrow between the cox, feebly
impressed in front; all the femora with an obtuse tooth and small denticle,

tarsal claw strongly toothed. Length, 6 mm.

Huachuca Mts., Arizona. :

This species, best placed in Leconte’s division, I-A, resembles
juglandis in form, size and elytral crests, but differs from it, as well as
from any known North America Conotrachelus, by the strongly tuberculate
thorax. Ofall the described Mexican species with tuberculate thorax, it

is perhaps nearest vodulosus, but tuberculicol/is has no decumbent sete,
October, 1906,

340 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

the seventh interval is not abruptly interrupted, the ventral segments are
not sparsely and finely punctured, and the beak is rather slender, and not
‘‘exceedingly stout” as in that species. é
Conotrachelus Arizonicus, new species. —In form and general
coloration resembling /eucopheatus, but thorax not as coarsely punctured,
and without crests in front, the coste on elytra feeble and nearly obsolete

on the disk, but prominent at apex, the upper surface with short semi-erect
sete. Head densely punctate, clothed with ochreous hairs, eyes separated
by the width of the beak, the latter feebly curved arid moderately stout,
strongly convex at base, tricarinate, the intervals between the carinz
rugose, at apex moderately coarsely punctate; antenne inserted at slightly
less than apical third. Thorax broader than long ; sides nearly straight
and parallel to a little before middle, then strongly narrowing to apex and
feebly constricted ; surface coarsely punctate, very sparsely clothed on the
disk with ochreous and at sides with white hairs, which are inclined
forward. Elytra very feebly sinuate below the humeri, the latter rounded;
surface with rows of large, closely-placed punctures ; alternate intervals
feebly elevated on the disk and at sides; at apex the third has two
moderately prominent crests, and the fifth and seventh are distinctly
elevated; colour brown, with pale brown, white and yellow hairs, the latter
more condensed on the second and third interval at base, the white
forming a broad, irregular, oblique fascia from the humerus to nearly the
middle of suture, the rest more irregularly and sparsely intermixed with
white ; surface with short, semi-erect pale setae. Body beneath sparsely
clothed with pale hairs, and very coarsely punctate ; mesosternum nearly

flat, not impressed in front ; legs sparsely pubescent, slightly denser on

the broadest part of hind femora, femora with one moderate tooth and one
feeble tubercle, claws with a small tooth. Length, 4 mm.

Arizona, one specimen in collection Dietz.

This species is to be placed near zzvosus in Dr. Leconte’s table,
from which the closely punctured and very sparsely pubescent thorax, the
slightly longer beak, the distinct elytral crests and the pale sete on elytra
will separate it.

Conotrachelus ecarinatus, new species.—Brown, elytra clothed very
sparsely with pale and ochreous hairs, the latter forming an indistinct band
behind middle, costze almost obliterated, thorax without carina. Head
closely punctate, and with short yellowish-white hairs, feebly transversely

swe lee

SES t

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 341

impressed between the eyes; beak slightly longer than the head and
thorax, and feebly curved, tricarinate, at apex rather closely punctate,
punctures elongate at sides, and larger than at middle ; antenne inserted
at about apical fourth. Thorax slightly broader than long; sides nearly
straight to slightly before middle, then narrowing to apex, where the
impression is feeble ; surface with large closely-placed punctures, which
are confluent at apex, not carinate, very sparsely clothed with short,
forwardly-inclining, decumbent yellowish hairs. Elytra with rows of large
punctures, alternate intervals feebly convex ; surface with recumbent dark
setae, and very sparsely clothed with white and ochreous hairs, the latter
forming an indistinct post-median fascia. Body beneath sparsely
pubescent ; mesosternum flat, truncate in front, abdomen coarsely punc-
tate, punctures of last segment smaller. Legs slightly annulated, femora
with two moderate teeth ; claws finely toothed. Length, 4 mm.

Huachuca Mts., Arizona.

There is no sinuation at the sides of the elytra below the humeri, and
the sides of elytra are more parallel to slightly behind middle than in any
other species of Division I-A of Leconte, where this species has to be
placed. This group contains those species which have the claws divergent,
toothed, not cleft, prothorax not sulcate, femora bidentate, and elytral
cost interrupted. The three species described above all belong to this
group, and to facilitate their identification the following table is presented.
Our anaglypticus, which occurs in Mexico also, has two crests in front of
thorax, and the surface between these impressed, but specimens occur
without crest and impression. A few of the species in the following table
are not represented in the material before me, and the characters employed
had to be taken from the descriptions.

pandeoste ofelytra‘abruptly: internupted.2 ; 2). sssies eee. eos 28.
Gostaefelytra feebly interrupted? sito oas epee ee eS:
zuthorax strongly tuberculates:.).-si2)cee. 5 jets phen see n. sp.
Thorax without tubercles .......... : fae at Oi ee eae p
3. Post-median elytral fascia uniformly hie or pale wliave rar (oo eee ee

Post-median elytral fascia white and yellow ; the two post-median
elytral crests near suture much larger than the
others. NEE “hi M7 seein a. 5 MEMUP HET, EDst.
4. The two aes ued ak crests near suture igen more elevated
than the others ; elytra with a pale-yellow fascia
Be BTGh MIG GE) «ooo See. wel wean ae oldie sym ween ees JUCTARAIS, Lec.

By THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The interrupted elytral costa equal, not forming elevated crests ;

elytral fascia pale yellow or white......... .....adbicinctus, Lee.

5. Prothorax with small median callus .................7etentus, Say.

Prothordx‘GarinatesornOt oi. At witha Mies Agi «! sh cise ea eee

6.. Prothorax: more or Jess distinctly caniiate ya's es woo ee ae oP

Prothoraxsnotacanimares.icicises RA Arana ier : EE

7. Ventral segments coarsely and closely punctate ...............8,
Second, third and fourth ventral segments finely

and ‘sparsely punctured): 22.00 dines elecrereces ees te ote pene arr

8. Upper surface with short erect setae; femora with two acute spiniform

heather. wee ee aca Yo ta foils Whee Ladi a Seiten: Ritatat See been RD OS Baas eee ea

Upper-surface without erect ‘setee sack i: a chintad pm one

9. Thorax distinctly carinate from tip nearly to base; hind femora
with a large acute tooth and a small denticle.......senicudus, Lec.
Thoracic carina feeble ; hind femora with two small denticles. .1o.

1o. All the ventral segments closely and rather coarsely punctate, last
ventral without tuberclessyse 2. ivoha tac eet as el eee eee

First and second ventral segments very coarsely, not densely, punc-
tured ; fifth finely and more densely punctate, with two distinct

EUVEDS ECL OS a, 4 sein haces Ce Sepia ie eae aR aio es opal een a ad foe

t1. Thorax coarsely punctate, punctures not closely placed, but well
separated, and never confluent ; elytral costz almost obsolete on

thet disk, ‘but visible‘atjapex oe p2 OS Cae wee sas ee
‘Thorax coarsely and densely punctate, punctures more or less
confltient:near apex Ls G SUV he ae ELI: Sei oie eel rene ae

12. Front femora with a moderate tooth and a small denticle, coloured
like Zeucopheatus, but the thoracic white lines indistinct, and the
elytra with pale, semi-erect sete...............Arizonicus, n. sp.

Front femora with two rather prominent teeth, of which the one
nearest the apex is slightly smaller than the inner ; dark-coloured,
elytra with a more or less distinct post-median yellowish band and
short recumbent. black ‘Sta .i.\.), is; oa: -in/eys 2 oe ELT ERALUS, USD.

Conotrachelus Texanus, new species.—In form and colour resembling
a small fissuvguis, but thorax and elytra with short bristles. Head
clothed with white scale-like hairs ; beak scarcely as long as head and
thorax, feebly curved, trisulcate on each side, apex sparsely punctate on
the disk, at sides with a few larger punctures. ‘Thorax shining, slightly

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 343

broader than long, sides very feebly narrowing to a little before middle,
then more strongly narrowing to apex, scarcely impressed, surface with
large, closely placed punctures, which are confluent at apex, very sparsely
clothed with short, stiff bristles. Elytra not impressed laterally below the
humeri, which are rounded ; punctures large and closely placed ; intervals
feebly convex ; surface clothed with white and pale-yellowish hairs, not
forming a fascia or band, with some erect, pale, short bristles intermixed.
Body beneath and legs sparsely pubescent; mesosternum flat, feebly rounded
in front ; abdomen coarsely and closely punctate; femora with a moderate
tooth ; claws cleft, the inner portions touching each other. Length,
3.5 mm.
Brownsville, Texas.

By the cleft claws and erect setze, this species has to be associated
with erinaceus, echinatus and hispidus. From echinatus the toothed
femora and the short bristles of thorax and elytra will separate it, and from
the other two the shorter seta of the upper surface, the more closely
punctate abdominal segments, the stouter and larger form, and_ the
distinctly earinate beak.

Cryptorhynchus lacteicollis, Champ.—Oblong oval; elytra blackish-
brown, with sparsely placed yellowish scales, and with a number of reddish,

shining tubercles ; thorax uneven, densely clothed with white scales,
on each side of middle of base two distinct darker spots. Head
coarsely and closely punctate, with closely placed ochreous and white
scales ; front deeply impressed, between the eyes flat and carinate, above
each eye a tuberculiform elevation; beak stout, feebly arcuate, rather
coarsely and confluently punctured, finer towards apex ; antenne inserted
at about middle of beak, funicle seven-jointed, with the first stouter and
shorter than second, club elongate-oval, one-jointed, as long as the
preceding five joints, finely pubescent. Thorax twice as wide as long,
sides feebly narrowing from base to a little before middle, then strongly
narrowing to the distinct subapical constriction ; surface uneven in apical
half, on each side of the median carina, the latter starting from the
subapical impression to middle, and from here to base is a feeble
impressed line ; on each side two more or less distinct tubercles, one at
about apical third and one at about basal third; apical margin at sides
feebly emarginate, ocular lobes therefore feeble ; base bisinuate, the feeble

344 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

basal lobe truncate at apex; surface very densely clothed with white
scales, slightly less densely around the apical irregularities ; on each side
of median line is a darker spot of larger size, and near the basal angles on
each side a smaller one. Elytra with irregular placed, not deeply
impressed, punctures, and some reddish tuberculiform elevations; surface
uneven, clothed with blackish-brown and _ pale-yellow small scales ; near
base at about middle, between the two median tubercles and near each of
the two subapical tubercles, is a velvety-black spot of variable size, each
surrounded by yellow scales. Abdomen alutaceous, sparsely punctate,
with broader white and narrower, elongate, yellowish scales; mesosternum
broadly and deeply excavated; anterior femora with an obliquely truncate-
emarginate, moderately broad tooth, middle and hind femora with an
obtuse tooth ; tibia shorter than the femora, tarsal claws simple. Length,
6-7 mm.
Palmerlee, Cochise Co., Arizona.

A small number of this fine species was taken by beating mistletoe
growing on walnut, and was first discovered by Mr. H. G. Barber.

After sending in the above description of this species, Vol.*IV., pt. 4,
pp. 601-729 of the “ Bialogia” was received, in which on p. 650 the
species was described from a single specimen from Taxpam, Vera Cruz,
Mexico.

The Mexican specimen is said to have two teeth on the anterior
femora, while the Arizona specimens have the tooth obliquely emarginate
truncate. The emargination of the tooth is very likely very strong in the
Mexican specimen, giving the appearance of ‘‘a conspicuous additional
tooth on the outer edge of the larger one.”

The suture between the first and second ventral segments is more or
less arcuate, which makes the second segment, especially at middle, longer
than the third or fourth, but this is not in all specimens so well
pronounced. In some of our species, placed in Cryptorhynchus, the first
suture is not exactly straight as required, but it seems, from the variation
observed in this respect, that not much stress can be laid on this
character.

The form is more elongate than any of the North American species.
This, together with the peculiar coloration and sculpture, makes it easily
recognizable,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 345

ON DR. WM. DIETZ’S REVISION OF THE TINEID:
(HEINEMANN).

BY AUGUST BUSCK, WASHINGTON, D. C.

The long-expected paper by Dr. Wm Dietz, entitled: ‘‘ Revision of
the Tineid Subfamilies, Amydriine and Tineine, inhabiting North
America,” appeared during the writer’s absence in Europe, and a subse-
quent summer’s expedition to the West Indies made it impossible to give
this important contribution to the knowledge of our American Tineidz the
attention it deserved before early this year. Since then I have gone
carefully over all Dr. Dietz’s material with him in his hospitable home in
Hazelton, Pa., and have had another fruitful sojourn with him in my own
home, which has resulted in complete. agreement between us on nearly
every point of difference in opinion which had arisen during my studies of
his paper. Thus I am very gratified that the following corrections of that
paper (with a few minor exceptions specially noted) are all seconded by
Dr. Deitz, who has shown during our sometimes quite animated discussion
a rare scientific spirit in the effort to get at the true. facts, regardless of his
expressed opinions, which cannot be too highly commended ; in fact, Dr
Dietz might as well have published the following notes himself, but has
preferred that I should do it.

Dr. Dietz deserves very much credit for his painstaking work, which
is one of the largest and most important single contributions ever
published on our American Microlepidoptera, and*which deals with one of
the most difficult groups. ‘

When in the following remarks I mainly give attention to the mistakes
in the paper, it is not for lack of appreciation of the good work done or of
the many difficulties conquered ; but the mistakes should, of course, be
corrected ; these arise mainly from the lack of sufficient material, and are
quite excusable, considering Dr. Dietz’s disadvantages in working away
from the type collections, and without an adequate library.

One very serious drawback to the paper, which Dr. Dietz cannot be
held responsible for, is the fearful amount of typographical errors, worse
than in any scientific paper I have met with, which cause much annoyance
in study, and result in several unintentional additions to the synonymy.

Dr. Dietz’s paper covers a group of moths, which may be shortly
defined by our popular name for the paper, ‘Tinea and allies,” and which
is equivalent to Heinemann’s old family Zize¢de; but the limits are rather

1. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Phil., XXXI, pp. 1-95, 1905.
October, 1996.

346 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

arbitrarily drawn, as, for example, by the exclusion of the genera Prodoxus
and Zegeticu/a, which naturally belong to this group.

Dr. Dietz divides these insects into two subfamilies: the Amydrtine
and the Zizeiv@,; it would, in my opinion, have proved more rational and
profitable to have carried through Lord Walsingham’s suggested three
divisions of the group: Setomorphine, Huplacamine and Tineine, and I

believe these groups will eventually stand ; but there is at least a question :

of the propriety of substituting the new name Amydriine for Lord
Walsingham’s name, instead of enlarging the conception of the already
established subfamily so as to include Amydrta.

Dr. Dietz says: “ These two subfamilies are distinct and sharply
defined,” but not one nor any combination of the characters given by him
hold good ; on the contrary, the differences given in the synoptic table are
very vague indeed, when critically examined :

1. Head rough-haired or almost 1. ffead entirely rough-haired.
entirely smooth-scaled,

2. Tongue and maxillary palpi | 2. Maxillary palpiwell developed,
rudimentary. very rarely rudimentary. (Tongue

not mentioned.)

3. Labial palpi strongly devel- 3. (Labial palpi not mentioned.)
oped, porrect and more or less
ascending; second joint with a brush,
more or jess developed, or simply:
thickened with scales beneath ; ter-
minal joint pointed, erect, or rarely
obtuse and depressed.

4. Vein 7 of fore wing to costa or 4. Vein 7 of fore wing to costa.
rarely to apex.

5. Vein 14 furcate at base. 5. (Vein 14 not mentioned.)

6. Hind wings as wide as fore 6. (Width of -wings not men-
wings, tioned.)

7. Vein 14 more or less distinctly 7. Vein 16 simple at base (ex-
furcate at base. cept Brackenridgia).

§. Vein re always distinct. 8. Vein se often absent.

In other words, he separates the two subfainilies ‘on one character

2, Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 81, 1891.

ee

YHE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 347

hind wings, which he himself admits occurs in one genus of Zinemma
(Brackenridgia),? and which I find also in Greya and in Cyane, which
belong to Zzmeina, according to Dietz.

In his first group Dr. Dietz places nine genera, of which, however,
his genus Semzofa is established on the male forms of Zeller’s genus,
Setomorpha, as shown by the writer,‘ and his genus Apotomia is likewise
(Dietz concurring) only the male form of Sefomorpha ; both must conse-
quently fall as synonyms of Zeller’s genus.

This leaves seven genera, of which the first three, Amydria,
Hypoplesia? (Paraplesia, Dietz, preoccupied) and Paraneura form one
group (the Aup/acamine of Walsingham). in which the two last genera,
Epicheta and Apreta, probably should be included,® while the two
remaining Zpzlegis and Setomorpha form another group (the Setomorphine
of Walsingham).

Coming down to the species, I believe, from my examination of the
too scant type material, that Amydria curvistrigella, pandurella and
confusella are only slight variations of apachella, and should go into the
synonymy.’ ‘The species described as Sefomorpha sigmoidella is not a
true Setomorpha, but may be retained in that genus until more material is
on hand ; it will form a new genus. Setomorpha majorella is a good
female Setomorpha species, and evidently (Dietz concurring) the same as
Semiota transversostrigel/a, described from the male ; the latter name will
thus fall as a synonym.

In the second subfamily Zzne:na, Dr. Dietz includes twenty-two
genera, of which six are new; all will probably prove valid. Muah
credit is due Dr. Dietz for bringing order out of the chaos in which our
American species of this group were found.

I am able to make the following corrections and additions :

In Xy/esthia Dr. Dietz has rightly adopted my conclusion? that the
three names given by Clemens, Zeller and Chambers all apply to the same

3. Paraclemensia, Busck, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., XII, No. 3, 1904.
4. Proc. U. S. N. Mus., Vol. 30, p. 734, 1906.

5- Proc. U. S. N. Mus., Vol. 30, p. 735, 1906.
6

- The material at present available is too scant to express absolute opinions
on.

7. Dr. Dietz does not think so.

8. I have not yet, however, had opportunity to critically compare the new
genera with existing exotic genera.

g. Proc. Wash. Ent. Soc., 5, p. 186, 1903.

348 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

species in various conditions of imperfection, but he nevertheless makes a
fourth name for what is in my opinion undoubtedly” the same insect in
another degree of imperfection, and calls it ‘very distinct” ; his Kear-
fottel/a is nothing but pruntramiedla, Clemens.

Abacobia carbonella, Dietz, is the species described by Walker as
Tinea Martinella, as my examination of Walker’s type in the British
Museum proved, and this very interesting form, which has a wide
distribution, should be known as Dietzia Afartinella, Walker, Dr. Dietz’s
generic name being preoccupied." TZinea afflicte//a, Walker, is the female
of this same species, as the unique type in the British Museum shows.

The present American conception of tbe genus J/zcurvaria, as
expressed in our list and in Dr. Dietz’s paper, is not equivalent to the
European conception as defined by Meyrick,” but is rather ZLampronia,
Stephens ; much more abundant material than at present at our command
is required to properly straighten out this group.

Incurvaria rheumapterella, Dietz, is the well-known Prodoxus
coloradensis, Riley, as is at once evident from JDietz’s figure alone, and
examination of the type verifies this.

Brackenridgia, Busck, should be Paraclemensia, Busck.¥

The venation of the hind wing of the genus Jsocorypha is wrongly
given, both in the text and in the figure ; the hind wing is quite normal,
and has eight veins all separate, vein 8 zo¢ connected with the cell.

In describing his new species, crysocomed/a, and in including it in this
genus, Dr. Dietz has been inexplicably careless ; the species has but the
most superficial resemblance to the type-species, and does not even belong
to the same family, but is an Athmza, and the same as the species
described by Lord Walsingham as adbistrigella; Dr. Dietz’s type is in
very poor condition, but amply proves the synonymy.

The preoccupied name /rogona has been substituted by JZea,
Busck."

Tinea costitristrigedla, Chambers, seems to be omitted altogether.

10. Dr. Dietz not concurring.

11. Busck, Proc. U. S. N. Mus., Vol. 30, p. 735, 1906.
12. Handbook Br. Lep., p. 779, 1895.

13; Journ. N.Y.’ Ents Soc:, Vol, oll, "Nowa ood:

14. Proc. U.S. N. Mus., Vol. 30, p. 735, 1906.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 349

POPULAR AND PRACTICAL ENTOMOLOGY.—NO. 17.
= THe Locusr MIre.
BY T. D. JARVIS, ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, GUELPH, /

During the past summer the Locust Mite ( Zrombidium Jlocustarum,
Riley) has been very common at Guelph, especially on the Red-legged
Locust (Melanoplus femur rubrum ), but a few specimens have also been
found upon the Two-striped Locust (d/e/anoplus bivittatus). The mite
is most generally found attached to the base of the second pair of wings,
although it is also found on the wing itself, and on any other part of the
body where it cannot be readily detached by the locust; a favourite
position upon the body is between the segments of the thorax and
abdomen, and also behind the upper joints of the iegs ; in such position
their only means of attachment ‘to their host is apparently by their
mandibles.

The young mites (fig. 46, 6) are nearly spherical, and look very much
like the eggs of insects. [he mite sucks the blood of its host until it

FiG. 46.—TROMBIDIUM LOCUSTARUM.—(a) female with her batch of eggs;
(6) newly-hatched larva—natural size shown by the dot in a circle
on the right; (c) egg ; (d, e) empty egg-shells (after Riley).

reaches maturity, during which time it often becomes so swollen with food
that its legs are rendered very inconspicuous, As many as five of these

young larve have been found upon a single locust.
October, 1906.

350 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The adult mite (fig. 47, ¢, @) is of a bright crimson colour and about
one-eighteenth of an inch long. When full-grown it passes to the ground,

Fic. 47.—TROMBIDIUM LOCUSTARUM.—(a) mature larva, when about to leave the wing of a
locust; (4) pupa ; (¢) male adult fresh from thé pupa; (ad) female—the natural sizes are
indicated by the short lines on the right; (e) palpal claw and thumb; //) pedal
claws; (g) a barbed hair; (/) the striations on larval skin (after Riley). —

where it remains over winter. Dr. Riley, who has studied the life-history
of this mite, states that the eggs are laid an inch or so under the ground in
clusters containing between 200 and 4oo. Early in the spring from these
eggs emerge the young mites, which, upon reaching the surface of the
ground, attach themselves to their hosts. These little mites render good
service in checking the spread of the locusts, as almost every locust upon
which one is found appears to be more feeble and sickly than those which
have not been attacked.

THe ANnUAL MEETING of the Entomological Society of Ontario will
be held atthe Agricultural College, Guelph, on Wednesday and Thursday,
the 1oth and _rith of October. Mr. W. D. Kearfott, of Montclair, N. J.,
is expected to be present, as well as other members from a distance.

CHANGE OF ADDRESS.

All correspondence, books, exchanges, etc., for the Entomological
Society of Ontario or the Canapian ENnvToMOLoGiIsT, should in future be

addressed to
GUELPH, ONTARIO, CANADA,

and not, as heretofore, to London, Ontario.

we

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 351

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF SAW-FLY.
BY WARREN T. CLARKE, AUBURN, ALABAMA,

Dolerus Cookei, v. sp.—Female.—Length, 4 to 4.5 mm. Expanse
of wings from tip to tip, 8 tog mm. General colour effect of body dark
brown to black. Head back of, about and beneath ocelli, black, sparsely
clothed with whitish hairs. Clypeus sinuate, incurved, yellow, sparsely
pilose. Labrum polished yellow. Antennz dark brown to black, stout,
pilose. Joints i and ii subequal, short; rest subequal, longer. Antennal
fovee circular, deep. Thorax: tergum biack, sparsely clothed with
whitish hairs ; pleura and venter polished black. Wings smoky brown ;
first submarginal cell irregular oblong ; veins dark brown to black. No
clear spot at base of wings. Legs yellow, shading to brown ; tibial spur
not bifid, yellow. Abdomen stout, black, sparsely pilose. Saw yellowish,
marked with dark brown, sheath black.

Male.—Length, 3 to 3.5 mm. Expanse of wings from tip to tip, 7 to
7.5mm. General colour effect of body yellow. Head back of, about and
beneath ocelli, polished yellow, sparsely clothed with white hairs.
Clypeus sinuate, incurved, yellow, slightly pilose. Labrum polished
yellow. Antenne stout, yellow, joints 1 and i subequal, short ; rest
subequal, longer. Antennal foveze circular. deep. Thorax: tergum dark
brown, clothed with white hairs. Pleura and venter pojished yellow.
Wings hyaline, veins yellow-brown. — First submarginal cell irregular
oblong ; no clear spot at base of wing. Legs vellow ; tibial spur not
bifid, yellow. Abdomen medium slender. Tergum and pleura dark
brown, marked with yellow ; venter yellow ; all slightly pilose.

Habitat, California.

The sexes are readily separabie by the colour and size dimorphism
shown in the species. The insects are single-brooded, the eggs being
placed in the tissue of the calyx ring or sheath of the cherry and plum
blossom, just beneath the outer epidermis. Incubation is accomplished
in from five to seven days, the young larve boring into the newly forming
fruit and devouring the embryo. The larve attain their full growth in
from 21 to 25 days. being then about seven millimeters in length. They
then pass down to and into the ground beneath the trees, there forming
small cells, in which pupation takes place later on. In the following
spring the adult insect appears, and the cycle is completed.

‘This species can be distinguished from the other species of Dlerus

known in California by the following table :
October, 1906.

302 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

More than 9 mm. in length.

Clypeus notehed sts Sere ote aes Re Renney rare ane ae oe eee coccinifera.

Cly pes: simulates iicccaagepantis (0 aeapte ete lies une ey TEM . Tejonensis.
Less than 9 mm. in length.

Head and thorax coarsely punctured or pitted.............d¢stinctus.

Head and thorax not coarsely punctured or pitted............ Cooked.

This insect (LD. Cookei) was first noted in the larval form about the
year 1883 by the late Matthew Cooke, then Chief Executive Horticul-
tural officer of the State of California. Specimens of the larve were
determined by him to belong to the family Tenthredinide. Cooke’s work
with the insect in question went no further than this, no adults being
examined by him (see ‘ Injurious Insects of the Vineyard, Orchard, etc.,”
pp: 137-138, Sacramento, 1883). During the spring and early summer
of the years 1905 and 1906 it became the writer’s duty to make a field
study of this insect in the Suisun valley, California, and this paper records
certain of the observations then made.

BOOK NGTICE.

“ BOULDER ReEveRiES.”—By W. S. Blatchley. The Nature Publishing
Co., Indianapolis.

This volume is made up of extracts from the diary of one who is in
sympathy with nature as she reveals herself by the wayside, in neglected
wood-lots,.in purling stream, on the rugged hillside, or by the desolate
jake shore. ‘The environment peculiar to these places in the summer
and autumn seasons envelops the reader as his mind meanders leisurely
over its pages. The book does not call for ardent study, but simply for
an occasional perusal at times when the mind is jaded by the common
cares of life, and when it is impossible for one to get out with nature
herself in order to realize at first hand the refreshing influence of her
perennially soothing, strengthening and uplifting powers. No stirring
flights of the imagination are provided, but nature as she is seen by the
appreciative observer of insect, plant and animal life, of sunshine bright,
and cooling showers, is presented to the mind’s eye by one who could
never be lonesome in lonely places.

“Aug. 17, 1902.—How beautiful the green livery of nature in the
country on these mid-August days! The many rains of the season have
enhanced the depth of that green, have clothed the face of the earth in
her most luxuriant garb. Peace, calm, quietude ; here, if anywhere, they
reign! Not even the droning of a bumblebee breaks the quiet of the

Sabbath morn.” ‘This is a typical paragraph from the ‘* Reveries.”
Deiat

Mailed October 4th, 1906,

The anatliay Entomologist.

Vou. XXXVIIL. LONDON, NOVEMBER, 1906. No. 11

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY’ OF ONTARIO.

The forty-third annual meeting of the Society was held in its new
quarters at the Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, on Wednesday and
Thursday, October roth and rrth. The chair was taken by the Vice-
President, Dr. James Fletcher, Entomologist and Botanist of the Dominion
Experimental Farms. Among those present were Mr. John D. Evans,
Trenton, the retiring President; Mr. Henry H. Lyman, Montreal; Mr.
Arthur Gibson, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa; Mr. C. H. Young,
Hurdman’s Bridge ; Dr. Brodie, and Messrs. C. W. Nash, J. B. Williams
and Paul Hahn, Toronto; Mr. G. E. Fisher, Burlington; Mr. J. Fred.
Smith, San José Scale Inspector for Ontario; President Creelman,
Professors Hutt, McCready and Bethune, Messrs. Jarvis, Eastham,
Howitt, Zavitz and Peart, of the Ontario Agricultural College, and a large
number of students from both the College and the Macdonald Institute.
Owing to the lateness of the train from the east, there was only time for a
very brief business meeting of the Council.

In the afternoon the proceedings began with a discussion on the
Codling-worm, and, owing to the large attendance, over a hundred being
present, the meeting was held in the spacious Massey Hall. Dr. Fletcher,
the chairman, opened the debate by giving an outline of the life-history
of the insect, the extent of its ravages and the ordinary methods of dealing
with it. Dr, Brodie read a paper, in which he recounted the early history
of the insect in Ontario, and described his efforts to rear its parasites and
the difficulties he had to encounter in studying them and their host. The
discussion was participated in by Prof. Hutt, Messrs. Nash, Fisher, Jarvis,
Peart, Zavitz, Crow, Cesar, and Prof. Bethune. The remainder of the
afternoon was occupied with the reading of the reports of the Directors on
the Insects of the Year in their respective districts.

In the evening, notwithstanding the inclemency of the weather,
Massey Hall was nearly filled with an appreciative audience. The
chairman, in opening the proceedings, spoke of the new home the Society

had acquired, and congratulated the members on the excellent arrange-
ments that have been made for its library and collections by the authori-
ties of the Ontario Agricultural Coliege. President Creelman gave a

394. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

warm and hearty welcome to the Society, and expressed the pleasure that
he and all connected with the College felt in having its headquarters in
their midst ; he was especially gratified that the chairman had described
their new quarters as “home,” and trusted that it would be their home for
many a year to come; he also placed at their disposal everything that the
College could offer for their comfort and convenience. Mr. Evans then
read his annual presidential address, and Prof. McCready read a paper by
Prof. Lochhead, of the new Macdonald College at Ste. Anne de Bellevue,
who was unavoidably prevented from being present, on ‘What the

Entomological Society can do for the Ontario Agricultural College.”
These were followed by a description of a canoe trip for entomological
purposes in the Algonquin Park, illustrated with lantern slides from
original photographs, by Mr. Paul Hahn, of Toronto. The proceedings
were much enlivened by musical selections, both vocal and instrumental,
furnished by the College Philharmonic Society.

During the second day, Thursday, Oct. 11th, meetings were held both
morning and afternoon in the Entomological Lecture-room in the
Biological Building, and were largely attended by students and others.
Papers were read by Dr. Brodie, on “A Snout-beetle (Ba/aninus
nasicus); by Mr. T. D. Jarvis, on “Gall Insects,” illustrated with lantern
pictures and an immense number of specimens ; by Mr. Lyman, on “A
hunt for a borer (Gortyna)” ; by Mr. Zavitz, on ‘Forest Insects,” and
were discussed by many of the members present. The reports of the
Council, Officers and Branches were also presented and read. During the
afternoon an important discussion, opened by Mr. J. Fred. Smith, took
place on the question whether restrictive measures should be taken to
prevent the sale of fruit attacked by the San José scale. A good deal of
difference of opinion was expressed regarding the danger of introducing
the scale into new districts by the agency of infested fruit, but the unani-
mous conclusion was that no restrictions ought to be imposed upon such an
important industry until it could be fully established that the danger really
existed. During the meetings a large number of beautiful and interesting
specimens were exhibited by the members, those brought by Mr. Young
being especially noteworthy. A full account of the discussions and the
papers presented will be published in the forthcoming annual report to
the Legislature of Ontario.

The election of officers for the ensuing year resulted as follows :

5 tae To el i tee

Ss]
Or
qn

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

President—Dr. James Fletcher, LL.D., F.R.S C., F.L.S., Ottawa,
Vice-President—Tennyson D. Jarvis, B.S.A., Ontario Agricultural
College, Guelph.
Secretary—E. J. Zavitz, B.S.A., O. A. College, Guelph.-
Treasurer—Prof. S. B. McCready, B.A., O. A. College and Mac-
donald -Institute, Guelph.
Librarian—Rev. Prof. C. J. S. Bethune, M.A, D.C.L., FRSC. O.
A. College, Guelph.
Curator—J. E. Howitt, B.S.A., O. A. College, Guelph.
Directors: ~Division 1, Ottawa—C. H. Young, Hurdman’s Bridge.
3 2, Midiand—C. E. Grant, Orillia.
5 3, Loronto—J. B. Williams, ‘Toronto.
ie 4, York—C. W. Nash, Toronto.
ae 5, Niagara—G. E. Fisher, Burlington.
s 6, London—J. A. Balkwill, London.
Ex-officio Directors—All the ex-presidents of the Society.
Delegate to the Royal Society—A. F. Winn, Montreal.
Editor of THe CanapiaN Entomo.ocist—Rev. Prof. Bethune.
Auditors—B. Barlow and H. S. Peart, O. A. College, Guelph.

TO-ALL INTERESTED IN ENTOMOLOGY.

The initial meeting of the Entomological Society of America will be
held in New York City in connection with the midwinter meetings of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science.

This Society has been organized to meet the need of a national ento-
mological society, which shall represent all departments of entomology,
and which shall hold a place in American entomology similar to that held
in their respective countries by the great foreign entomological societies.

It is hoped that this movement will have the co-operation of all the
existing entomological societies in this country, and that it will in no way:
interfere with the success of any of them. It is believed that a strong
national society, which shall bring together workers in all fields of
entomology, will tend to broaden the interests of each, and to strengthen
the more special or local societies.

The amount of entomological work that is being done in the United
States and Canada is great compared with what is being done in any
other country ; it is fitting, therefore, that the workers in this field should
be united in a national society.

396 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

On another page there is given the report of the committee on
organization ; and an invitation is hereby extended to every one interested
in entomology to join the society. Applications for membership may be
addressed to Prof. J. H. Comstock. Ithaca, New York.

THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA.

A meeting of the committee to organize a national entomological
society, for which provision was made at the Philadelphia meeting of the
Entomological Club of the A. A. A. S., was held June 28, 1906, in the
Entomological Laboratory of Cornell University. The New York

Entomological Society was represented by Mr. Carl Scheeffer, the Chicago
Entomological Society by Dr. James G. Needham, the Jugate (the Ithaca
Society) by Professor J. H. Comstock, the Newark Entomological Society
by Mr. J. A. Grossbeck, the Entomological Society of Ontario by Rev.
Professor C. J. S. Bethune, and the American Entomological Society by
Mr. J. Chester Bradley. At an adjourned meeting the Washington
Entomological Society was represented by Mr. E. S. G. Titus.

The committee was organized by the appointment of Professor
Comstock as chairman and Mr. Bradley as secretary.

The secretary then stated in brief the history of the present move-
ment for the organization of a national entomological society, ‘The parts
of Mr. Lyman’s two presidential addresses dealing with the organization
of an entomological union were read and discussed. Discussion then
followed as to the purpose for which such a society should exist, and as to
whether there was need for one. ‘The opinion that there was such a need
seemed to prevail, but it was urged that if the society be formed it should
be based on broad and comprehensive grounds. It was then moved that
it is the sense of this committee that the organization of a national ento-
mological society is desirable. Every member in turn was called upon
for an expression of opinion, and every one spoke in favour of the organi-
zation ; but it was the feeling of the committee that the success of such a
society would depend on the securing of co-operation of other societies, as
the Association of Economic Entomologists and the Entomological Club
afathevA GA. Ass,

It was suggested that provision might advantageously be made
for committees on policy, as on education, on legislation, on museum
methods, and on nomenclature.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. | eu

Strong opposition was made to the formation of any independent
code for entomologists ; but it was believed that a committee on nomen-
clature might have legitimate ground for existence in voicing the peculiar
needs of entomology in matters of nomenclature and in securing their
adequate representation in the International Zoological Congress.

A sub-committee was appointed to draft a constitution and by-laws,
which should embody the decisions reached by the committee, and to
report them at an adjourned meeting.

The committee then discussed membership, dues, officers, elections
and other matters. The decisions concerning these were subsequently
embodied in the constitution and by-laws. The committee then adjourned
until the following day.

At an adjourned meeting, held June 29, 1906, the report of the sub-
committee on constitution and by-laws was read and discussed. After the ©
making of some changes, the report was adopted, and the sub-committee
was authorized to prepare and have printed a report of the committee,
together with the constitution and by-laws, and to send them, with an
invitation to be present at the initial meeting of the society, to every
entomologist in the country whose address could be learned, and to have
them published in the entomological journals. ‘The sub-committee was
also authorized to call an initial meeting in New York City in connection
with the midwinter meetings of the A. A. A. S., to make arrangements for
that meeting, and to transact such other business as may be necessary.

At a second adjourned meeting, held June 30, 1906, it was decided
to apply at once for affiliation with the American Association for the
Advancement of Science, and such application was subsequently made.

J. CHESTER BRADLEY, Secretary.

THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA.

CONSTITUTION.
ARTICLE I.
NAME.
SECTION 1. This organization shall be known as The Entomological
Society of America.
ARTICLE II.
OBJECTS.
SECTION 1. It shall be the purpose of this society to promote the
science of entomology in all its branches, to secure co-operation in all

358 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

measures tending to that end, and to facilitate personal intercourse

between entomologists.
ARTICLE III.

MEMBERSHIP.

SECTION 1. The active membership of this society shall consist of
two classes: AZembers and Fellows.

SECTION 2. All persons interested in entomology shall be eligible
to membership. ;

SECTION 3. Members who have contributed to the science of
entomology in some important way may be elected Fellows of the society.
The number of Fellows shall not exceed fifty at any time.

ARTICLE IV.
OFFICERS.

Secrion 1. The officers of the society shall be a president, two
vice-presidents and a secretary-treasurer. The duties of these officers
shall be these usually pertaining to their respective offices.

SECTION 2. ‘The business of the society not otherwise provided for
shall be in the hands of an executive committee, consisting of the officers
named in Section 1 and six additional members, who shall be elected by
the society. Four members of the committee shall constitute a quorum.

Section 3. The president shall represent the society upon the
Council of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.*

ARTICLE V.
ELECTIONS.
Section 1. Election of Members. Nominations for membership
may be made by any two members, and election shall be by the Executive

Committee.
SECTION 2. Election of Fellows. All nominations for fellows shall
be signed by three or more members or fellows, and each nomination

shall be accompanied by the following information concerning the nominee:
Name, address, occupation, branches of entomology engaged in, positions
held involving entomological experience, entomological work done, and
list of publications.

Election shall be by ballot at the annual meeting, upon nominations
approved by the Executive Committee. Ballot may also be taken upon
such other nominations, previously sent to the Executive Committee. as
may be demanded by any five members or fellows. All elections of
fellows shall require a two-thirds vote of the members present.

*This section was adopted provisionally ; it is to be included if affiliation
with A. A. A. S. be granted.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. . 359

SECTION 3. All officers shall be elected by ballot at the annual
meeting, for a term of one year, and shall be eligible for re-election.

ARTICLE VI.
MEETINGS.
SecTION 1. An annual meeting shall be held at such time and place
as the Executive Committee each year may select.

ARTICLE VII.
AMENDMENTS.

SEcTION 1. This constitution may be altered or amended at any
annual meeting by a two-thirds vote of the members present, a copy of
each amendment proposed having been sent to members and fellows at
least one month in advance of the meeting.

BY-LAWS.

1. The annual dues for members and fellows shall be one dollar.

2. A majority of the members present at an annual meeting shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.

3. Notice of all meetings of the society shall be sent to members at
least one month in advance.

4. The Executive Committee shall provide a programme for all
meetings, including at the annual meeting, a popular lecture, and a
technical entomological exhibit of material and methods.

5. The time of the business meeting shall be published prior to the
opening session of the annual meeting.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO.

The first regular meeting of the autumn and winter season was held
in the Biological lecture room: of the Ontario Agricultural College on
Wednesday evening, October 17th. Mr. T. D. Jarvis, Vice-President.
occupied the chair. The proceedings began with notes and observations
made by members during the past summer.

Prof. Bethune exhibited mounted specimens, showing the life-history
and work of the two Asparagus beetles, Crzoceris asparagi and 12-punc-
tatus, the former of which feeds on the foliage, and the latter on the seeds
of the plant. He described the steady advance of these insects in a
westerly direction. C. asparagz, the blue species, he had never seen alive
till this year, though it is now very abundant in the College garden ; the
spotted species has been familiar about London for three or four years,
and seems to be a few years in advance of its companion.in its spread

360 ’ THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

over the country. Spraying with a mixture of lime and Paris green is an
effective remedy ; when the shoots are being cut for table use lime alone
should be used.

Mr. E. J. Zavitz, Secretary of the Society, gave some interesting notes
on a rare species of forest insect belonging to the Ptinidze, Dinoderus
substriatus, Payk., which he had found injuring the bark of Hemlock
trees. :

Mr. J. Eaton Howitt related his observations of a beetle attacking
the fruit of an almond, which had been furnished by a grocer in Guelph.
The insect is probably a Southern importation brought with the nuts.
Further examination will be made, and the results reported at a future
meeting.

Mr. H.’ Groh gave an account of the depredations of the gray
Blister-beetle, Hpicauta cinerea, which he had found feeding upon alfalfa
and other leguminous plants. The insect appeared in very large numbers,
and disappeared very suddenly.

Mr. L. Caesar gave an interesting account of the work of Aphis-lions,
Chrysopa, and Assassin-bugs, Redwuiide, in reducing the numbers of the
Pear-tree Psylla, which was doing much damage in an orchard in the
Niagara district. What at first portended a serious injury to the trees was
entirely got rid of through the friendly aid of these carnivorous insects.

After these observations had been discussed, Prof. Bethune read a
paper by Mr. J. Chester Bradley, of Cornell University, on ‘An
Entomological Trip to the Selkirk Mountains of British Columbia,”
illustrated with a series of original lantern pictures. This paper was
intended for the annual meeting, but the slides, unfortunately, did not
arrive in time for its presentation then.

There were thirty-four present during the evening, including some of
the lady teachers belonging to the Nature-study class at the Macdonald

Institute. Meetings will be regularly held on each alternate Wednesday
evening, the Wellington Field Naturalists’ Club holding its meetings on
the intervening Wednesdays.

ENTOMOLOGICAL MEETINGS AT BATON ROUGE, LA.

The Association of Official Entomologists of the Cotton Belt will
meet at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Nov. 13 and 14, 1906.

The Association of Farmers’ Institute Workers will meet at Baton
Rouge, Nov. 12 and 13; the Association of Official Horticultural Inspect-
ors, Nov. 14, 15 and 16, and the Association of Agricultural Colleges and
Experiment Stations, Nov. 14, 15 and 16.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 361

The above date is, therefore, a most convenient time at which to hold
a meeting of the Southern entomologists, owing to the interesting
programme offered by the various other societies meeting at Baton Rouge
during the same week, and owing to the low rates which will then be in
effect on all railroads. _

The unprecedented advance into new territory made by the boll
weevil in its migrations this year, the modifications of quarantines made
by several of the Southern States, and the new developments with
reference ta the boll weevil situation, notably the results of investigations
by the Bureau of Entomology with reference to the parasitism of this pest
by native parasites, insure an interesting and highly instructive session.
A recapitulation of the situation and of recent investigations cannot prove
other than of value to every Southern entomologist.

A problem of even greater importance to Southern agriculture than
that of the boll weevil, is the problem of eradicating the Texas fever
Cattle-tick. Preparations are gradually being made by the Southern
States, in co-operation with the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, to presently
commence the entire eradication of this pest from the United States. The
Cattle-tick presents what is undoubtedly the first case in which total
eradication of a pest appears both possible and feasible, and its consider-
ation is therefore of peculiar interest. Prof. H. A. Morgan, whose studies
of the lfe-history of the Cattle-tick made possible the practical development
of eradication methods, is expected to. be present at the meeting of
Cotton Belt entomologists, and give a comprehensive resume of this line
of entomological work. Officials of various Southern States, as well as
representatives of the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, will be present to discuss
various phases of this problem, and an interesting symposium upon the
tick work is fully assured.

Several excursions to local points of interest are being planned,
including excursions to the extensive sugar-cane plantations, sugar house
and refineries surrounding the city.

Members of the Association of Economic Entomologists, as well as
others who may be interested in entomological work in the South, are
cordially invited to attend and participate in these meetings.

Kindly advise Mr. Wilmon Newell, Baton Rouge, La, at an early
date, as to whether or not you will be in attendance, in order that

provision may be made for the ample accommodation of all visitors.
A. W. MorriLt, Secretary,
Association of Official Entomologists of the Cotton Belt.

362 THE CANADIAN EN'‘1OMOLOGISIY.

A NEW RETINIA ATTACKING AUSTRIAN PINE.

BY A. COSENS, JAMIESON AVE. COLLEGIATE INSTITU1E, TORONTO.

Retinia Austriana, n. sp.—The Austrian Pine (Pinus laricio
Austriaca) in the vicinity of Toronto is badly infested by the larve of a
moth which is apparently an undescribed species of the genus Retinia. It
resembles in certain particulars the form Retinia Comstockiana. This
species was described in the CanapiAn Enromotocist of Aug., 1879, by
Prof. C. H. Fernald, State College, Orono, Me. The specimens, however,
were obtained at Ithaca, N. Y., where they were found boring in the small
branches of Pinus rigida.

The Toronto species burrows in the cortical layer of the Austrian
Pine. ‘The tunnels formed pierce the resin ducts, the gum exudes and
hardens into masses on the bark of the trees. ‘The point of attack appears
to be usually beneath the origin of a limb. The larvee work on a more or
Jess horizontal plane, and in consequence of this the trees have been, in
some cases, almost girdled.

This form also resembles R. Comstockiana in its life-history. he
larva when mature burrows into the lump of resin that has hardened over
the entrance to its tunnel, and there pupates. The thin covering of gum
left over the burrow is broken through by the imago when it emerges.

The larva prepares its burrow in the lump of resin ‘ina very charac-
teristic manner. ‘Two larvae were placed on a mass of the gum, and in a
remarkably short time they had sheltered themselves in it. Their mode
of operation was as follows: Selecting an accidental crevice in the resin,
they crawled into it, and immediately began to weave threads of silk
across the opening. The burrow was then enlarged by biting off pieces of
the gum. The little masses broken off were disposed of by being forced
against the covering of silk threads until they adhered to it. This very
soon so effectually closed the burrow as to make it a matter of some

difficulty to find its location. This closing of the burrow, when done
under natural conditions, may be a means of preventing further exudation
of resin, In all the cases examined the tunnel appeared to be quite open
for some distance behind the pupa.

In High Park, Toronto, nearly all the Austrian Pines are infested.
In all cases the trees are being materially injured, and in some cases have
been killed. Trees of the same species in other Toronto localities have
been found to be infested.

The ravages of this moth are checked by parasitic agency to a certain
extent, as an Ichneumon Fly emerged from a mass of resin collected by
the writer.

November, 1906

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 363

Retinia Austriana, vi. sp.—Larva: Length, 15-16 mm. Whitish,
with a slightly silvery lustre. The last segment marked with dark spots
on the dorsal surface. A few fine hairs on each segment of the body.
Body wa'l very transparent. :

Pupa: Length, 13-15 mm. Light brown in colour.

Imago: 2.—Eypanse, 20-22 mm.

Flead: brown, flecked with a few white silvery scales. Antenne
brown, each joint marked above with the silvery-white scales. Basal joints
silvery-white above. Palpi dark brown, mottled with a few white scales.
Eyes a lighter brown than the head. ‘The scales project in the form of a
ruff at the origin of the head. This is especially well marked on the dorsal
surface.

Thorax : Above dark brown, shading into a lighter silvery-brown
anteriorly. Beneath a mottled white and brown, with a silvery lustre, the
white slightly predominating.

Abdomen: Above light brown, with a silvery lustre, each segment
ending with a narrow band of silvery white scales. _ Beneath the white and
brownish scales are about equally mixed. Towards the posterior end of
the segments the white scales are slightly predominant. Anal tuft light
brown.

Legs: The femora and tibie of the two anterior pairs dark brown,
mottled with silvery-white scales. arsi dark brown, each segment ending
in a ring of silvery-white. The femora and tibize of the posterior pair are
silvery-white, flecked with a few brownish scales. Tarsi lighter in colour
than in the two anterior pairs.

Wings : Fore wings above light silvery brown, mottled with silvery
white. A wide irregular band of dark brown, interspersed with a few
white scales, runs along the entire costal edge, while a narrow edging of
dark brown bounds the outer margin. Two wavy bands of whitish
silvery.scales pass across each wing at nearly right angles to the costa,
and divide the wing into three nearly equal parts. These bands are
margined with dark brown. ‘The distal third of the wing shades off into
whitish, where it is bounded by the dark band on the outer margin of
the wing. Beneath these wings are a light silvery-brown, shading into a
little darker at the costal and outer margins. The markings of the upper

surface do not show through. The fringe of these wings is a light brown,
with a silvery lustre. The colour is slightly lighter at the tips.

Hind Wings: Above white, with a decided silvery lustre. An
irregular band of light brown along the costal margin, while a narrow line

364 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

of silvery light brown bounds the outer margin. Beneath as above, but
the brown edgings are not so pronounced. ‘The fringe is silvery-white,
shading into light brown along the line of attachment opposite the brown
line on the outer margin of the wing. The fringe on the distal margin is
light brown.

SOME CARPENTER-BEES FROM AFRICA.
BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, BOULDER, COLO.

I am indebted to Dr. F. Creighton Wellman for specimens of two
little-known species of Xylocopide, collected by himself in Angola.
Although they are not new species, they suggest a few observations.

Mesotrichia mixta (Radoszkowski, 1881).
Two females, Chyaka, Angola, July, 1906, on mountain side, 6,000
feet. Dr. Wellman says: ‘‘Seen at several flowers. These taken at a
species of AZz/lettia, of which they are very fond.”

The genus Aesotrichia seems sufficiently distinct from Xy/ocopa to
be maintained, but I think Koftorthosoma, Gribodo, is only a subgenus of
it. Ashmead separates Aesotrichia from Koptorihosoma by the charac-
ters, ‘second cubital ceil, along the cubitus, much longer than the first ;
mandibles tridentate,” as well as certain peculiarities of the males. JZ.
mixta, however, has the venation of AZesotrichia, with the bidentate
mandibles of Koptorthosoma. Vachal suggests that JZ. mixta may be a
variety of Wesotrichia flavorufa (Apis flavorufa, DeGeer, 1778), but the
true favorufa appears to be confined to the eastern side of the continent,
and I think mzx?fa is certainly a valid species.

Xylocopa tarsata, Smith, 1854, var. Wel/mani, v. nov., Bailundo,
Angola, Feb.—March, 1906, 4.700 feet. ‘Taken at various Malvacee,
principally Gossypium spp.” Both sexes sent. The insect agrees with
Smith’s brief description, except that it is a little longer, and the hind
tibize are covered with red hair on the outside (Smith speaks of it as being
confined to the apex). The male, not hitherto described, has the clypeus
(except the lower margin), a broad supraclypeal mark, and lateral face-
marks filling in the space between eyes and clypeus, and ending
abruptly at level of antenng, ail bright chrome-yellow. The labrum is
black, with a central tubercle. The hind femora are much swollen, and
have a large basal tooth, directed downwards, and apicad beneath ; the
hind trochanters have a large tooth directed backwards over the coxa.
The insect is nearly 18 mm. long. Vachal has suggested that X. a/bifrons,
Lep., is the male of ¢arsata, but it is quite distinct from the Angola maie.
Since the Angola insect is not quite the same as true farsafa (from the
Cape of Good Hope) in the female, and the male is like nothing yet seen

in the original locality of tavsata, I propose to call Dr. Wellman’s insect
X. tarsata Wellmant.

November, 1906

a er

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 365

POPUP AND PRACTICAL ENTOMOLOGY.—No. 18.
Tue Bean WEEVIL (Sruchus obtectus, Say).

BY ARTHUR GIBSON, ASSISTANT ENTOMOLOGIST, CENTRAL EXPERIMENTAL
FARM, OTTAWA.

An insect which, fortunately, has only been reported on a few
occasions as doing damage in Canada, is the Bean Weevil, Bruchus
obtectus, Say. Authentic instances of injury by this insect have been
received from one locality in Ontario, and from two in Quebec. The
injury in all cases was to seed beans.

The Bean Weevil (Fig. 48) is a small, hard-shelled beetle, one-tenth
of an inch long, oval in form, with the head
bent down and more or less concealed, as seen
from above, and prolonged into a squarely-cut
snout, or beak. Its antenne are distinctly
jointed and enlarged at the tip, the first four
joints and the last one reddish. The wing-
covers are marked with ten impressed and
dotted longitudinal lines, and the whole body
is covered with short, silky hairs. The lines on
the wing-covers are broken up into pale
yellowish dashes and dark brown spots. The tip of the abdomen extends
beyond the wing-covers, and is of the same reddish tinge as the tips of
the antenne and the legs, but is covered more or less with short, silky
hairs, and bears a central white line, but there is no appearance of the
two black spots so conspicuous in the Pea Weevil, which it resembies in
shape and movements. Compared more closely with this latter well-
known insect, the Bean Weevil is not one-half so large, is more soberly
coloured, having less white on the wing-covers, and lacks the white spot
on the middle of the hinder part of the thorax, and the two oval black
spots mentioned above, which are present on the exposed tip of the
abdomen of the Pea Weevil.

“The life-history of the Bean Weevil differs in some important
points from that of the Pea Weevil. The eggs of both are Jaid upon the
pods while these are young and tender. On hatching, the young grub of
the Bean Weevil eats its way inside and penetrates one of the forming
beans, several grubs entering a single bean, each oné forming for itself a
distinct cell. They become full-grown, and change to pupe in the

autumn, and a little later to the perfect beetles. The date of emergence
November, 1906

366 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLUGIST.

from the seed depends very much, as in the case of the Pea Weevil, on
the temperature in the autumn months ; it may be in the late autumn or
not until spring ; when the seed beans are stored in a warm building, the
beetles may emerge at any time through the winter. One of the
important differences between the life-histories of the Pea and Bean
Weevils is that, whereas in the case of the former the young grubs can
only enter the soft green seeds, those of the Bean Weevil can propagate for
three or four generations in the dry stored seeds. This fact renders the

well-known demestic remedy for the Pea Weevil, of holding over the seed
for two years, quite ineffective in the case of the Bean Weevil ; that is, if
a bag of peas infested with the Pea Weevil were put away for two years,
the Pea Weevils would emerge the first spring and die in the bags. But,
in the case of a bag of beans infested by the Bean Weevil kept in the
same way, the beetles on emerging would at once set to work to lay eggs
on the beans. The young grubs when hatched would penetrate the dry
seeds and go through all their stages, and this breeding might be repeated
as long as the supply of beans lasted. Curiously enough, the Pea
Weevil does not bore holes through the paper or cotton bags in which
intested seed has been stored, but in the case of the Bean Weevil, such
bags are readily perforated and the beetles escape,—frequently, when this
happens in houses, as is sometimes the case, to the great consternation of
the inhabitants.” (Fletcher, Bull. 52, Cent. Exp. Farm, Ottawa.)

In the United States the Bean Weevil has been known for a great
many yeats. It was first found injuring cultivated beans in America in
1860, near Providence, Rhode Island. Since then it has become wide-
spread in distribution in that country, and has done a considerable
amount of damage. At first it was considered to be a native species, but
it is now thought that the original home of the insect was in Asia, and
that it was introduced into America through commerce. ‘The first record
of injury done by the Bean Weevil in Canada was in 1898, in Middlesex
County, Ontario, and since then two further instances of loss from the
ravages of this insect have been reported from Quebec Province. Quite
recently the writer heard of the presence of the Bean Weevil at Guelph,
Ont., in beans imported for seed from the United States. [It has also
been reported from Aurora, Ont.—Ep, C. E.]

The Bean Weevil shown herewith is only about half the size of the
Pea Weevil, but resembles it in general appearance. The best remedy

=—— se

pss

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 367

for both of these insects is fumigation with bisulphide of carbon. The
most convenient way to fumigate is to place the seed in an ordinary coal-
oil barrel, and pour on to it one ounce of the bisulphide of carbon for
every 100 pounds o’ grain, then close the barrel tightly, first with a wet
canvas or cloth, and on the top of this boards, which should be left

undisturbed for at least two days.

MOSQUITO NOTES.—No. 5.
BY C. S. LUDLOW, M. SC.,

Laboratory of the Office of the Surgeon-General, U.S. Army, Washington, D.C.

From the Island of Mindanao, P. I., comes a very pretty mosquito.

Toxorhynchites argenteotarsis, n. sp.— 2. Head densely covered
with very dark brown flat scales, with bronze-blue iridescence, a light
blue-white band around the eyes, and a few brown bristles: aatenne
dark brown, the basal joint densely covered with flat white scales; paipi
with very dark brown, almost black, scales, bronze-blue iridescence, the
penultimate and antipenultimate joints with narrow violet apical bands ;
proboscis very dark, practically black, with bright bronze-blue iridescence;
eyes black, clypeus black.

Thorax brown ; prothoracic lobes well covered with flat spatulate
light greenish-blue, almost white, scales, and a row of brown bristles ;
inesothorax with bronze-brown spindle-shaped scales on the centre of the
dorsum, and a broad border of light blue-green flat spatulate scales
running nearly all the way around the mesothorax, the scales just
cephalad of the scutellum being also of this character ; a bunch of deep
orange, or orange-brown bristles over the wing joint, a bare space just
dorsad of the pleura extending from the prothoracic lobes to the wing
joint ; scutellum covered with small flat and long spatulate green-blue
scales, and long dark orange-coloured bristles ; pleura brown, rather well
covered with white scales ; metanotum dark brown.

Abdomen dark brown, covered for the most part with blue-green
iridescent flat scales. First segment with blue-green median line, and
light yellow scales laterally ; second, third and fifth segments with large
light yellow lateral spots extending well up on the dorsum ; on the fourth
the lateral spot is not noticeable from a dorsal view; sixth and seventh
are more blue than green, and darker than the preceding segments; the

sixth with orange, the seventh with black tufts ; the eighth segment is
November, 1906

368 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

nearly purple, and has an orange tuft; venter with light yellow scales
laterally, and an irregular median dark blue stripe extending the whole
length of the abdomen.

Legs: Coxe and trochanters dark, with brilliant light yellow scales ;
femora of fore legs light-scaled at base, with dark iridescent scales on the
dorsal aspect for the distal two-thirds of its length; femora of mid-legs
dark ; femora of hind legs light for the proximal two-thirds, all a yellowish
white ventrally ; tibia of fore legs dark dorsally and light ventrally
except the very base and apex, which are a brilliant golden yellew ; tibize
of mid-legs mostly golden yellow, darker near the base, and a band of
dark scales at the apex; tibie of hind legs dark blue, with green
iridescence ; metatarsi of fore legs nearly white, except a small basal spot
of dark blue on the ventral aspect ; of mid-leg nearly white, except a
rather large dark spot on the dorsal surface ; of hind legs dark blue,
except a light basal band; rst tarsal of fore leg is white, except an apical
dark band, all the remaining joints dark; rst tarsal on mid-leg and all the
following are light yellow to white, except the last, which has a brown tip ;
1st tarsal of hind legs is light, with a tiny dark apex, all the rest of the
joints dark. Ungues simple and equal. In some lights there is a very
narrow apical band of violet on all the femora, and on the mid and hind
tibize reddish.

Wing clear reddish brown, sparsely scaled with brown, broadly
truncate scales; 1st submarginal cell very short, very little more than half
the length of 2nd posterior, and much narrower ; mid and posterior cross-
veins meet, and are about the same length ; supernumerary cross-vein
about half the length of mid, and three times its own length exterior to
mid. Halteres orange brown.

There is a strong fold near fifth long vein, so that it makes a curva-
ture in the margin of the wing.

Length, 12 + mm.

Habitat, Margosatubig, Mindanao, Philippine Islands.

Taken June and July.

Described from five specimens sent by Dr. H Newton Kierulf, Cont.
Surg. U.S. Army, and evidently lies near speciosus, Skuse, and Aarshadii,
Theob., and may easily be the fetnale of a species in which only the male
has been known, but at all events it is sufficiently unlike such descriptions
as I have been able to find to warrant my assuming it to be new.

(To be continued.)

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FOr er ier

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THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 369

NOTES ON THE CLASSIFICATION AND NOMENCLATURE
OF THE HEMIPTEROUS SUPERFAMILY MIROIDEA.

BYo G.) W.. KIRKALDY,) HONOLULU, Hor:

Since the final impression of my ‘List of the genera of the Pagiopodous
Hemiptera Heteroptera,” etc. (a), I have received from my friend, Dr.
O. M. Reuter, a very valuable summary of his most recent thoughts on
the Classification of the Miridze (b).

Dr. Reuter’s polemic has been evoked by the Hemipterous work of
Mr. Distant, particularly that dealing with the Miride (or “ Capsidz ”)
in the Biologia Centrali-Americana, Heteroptera, Vol. I, and the
Fauna of British India, Rhynchota, Vol. II. In the latter Mr. Distant
avers that Reuter’s classification of the Miridze ‘is more reflective of
personal opinion, and contrived for the purposes of entomological
arrangement, than exhibiting an evolutionary or philosophical conception”
(pp. 412-3), and thereupon divides the Miride into two subfamilies,
characterized by the presence or absence of ‘‘a longitudinal incision or
sulcation on the upper surface ” of the head (!).

Reuter declares that this emphatic judgment is as unjustified as it is
untrue, and that it is, at least, unseemly for an author whose studies on
Hemipterous systematics are so superficial as are those of Mr. Distant, to
pass so judicial a sentence.

The learned Finlander proceeds to refute Mr. Distant in great detail,
first tracing the evolution of our knowledge of the classification, from
Fieber, in 1858, onwards ; he next discusses, at considerable length,
various salient points in the characteristic structure of the family, and
presents two new synopses, and a genealogical tree, of the divisions. This
“Classification” is without doubt one of the most important of the
Heteropterous memoirs that has appeared for a long time, and represents
the almost mature fruits of Dr. Reuter’s many years of assiduous devotion
to his favourite family. It is impossible to summarize here the fifty-eight
pages, further than to reproduce, in English, the analytical table of the
accepted divisions; the form of the table has been altered, while
preserving its matter. The tribe Lygzoscytini (c) and the genus

(a) Tr. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXXII, 117-56 (1906).

(b) **‘ Hemipterologische Spekulationen, I, Die Klassifikation der Capsiden,”
Festschr. fiir Palmén, No. 1, pp. 1-58, and a genealogical Table. [Dated 1905,
at Helsingfors, but probably not issued till 1906. |

(c) I prefer the ending ‘‘znz"’ to “aria,” as more in line with general
nomenclature.

November, 1906

370 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Oligobiella are not yet sufficiently studied. I have not at the moment any

examples of Suw/amita before me, and therefore cannot add to Reuter’s.
remarks on the Sulamitini.

1. Third segment of tarsi linear (very rarely—in A/ypselecini—slightly
thickened towards the apex). Apical margin of pronotum neither
hood-like nor cystiformly elevated

1a. Third segment of tarsi thickened towards the apex, or apical margin

of pronotum hood-like or cystiformly widened. First segment of
tarsi deeply sulcate. ‘Tibize always unarmed. ie cell without
hook. Prosternal-xyphus margined........... ee
Prosternal-xyphus swollen, rarely with: two impressions (Loopi-
docorini). Wing-cell usually with a hook. Pronotum without
apical constriction. Lore narrow, sharply separated above and

tN

ela we Me NE Ge 5 Asc sie Pata acre Barat Lage Ie ag ee
2a. Prosternal-xyphus i eeineG (G) Site Papeete RRM beat 5) 6)
3. Arolia fused with the claws, sometimes very small or alien a
3a. Arolia free, pad arched. Genz high. Boe

with hook . Escala ae Sat .4, Hypselacint.

3b. Arolia wanting or very cdelecues Wine: cell with or without hook.
Apical margin of pronotum with an impressed, more or less wide
(never swollen and smooth) margin ..5, Camptoty/ini (Exzeretaria).

av Wing-cell: wath shook S320.) ee oe ming Reto aoe oe
Aa. Wing-cell withoutihno ole icra scree ...3, Cremnorrhinini.
5. Pronotum not, or very finely,

punciured site elon ce salt owenne t, Chlamydatini (Plagiognatharia).

5a. Pronotum coarsely punctured. ‘Tarsi very long. Eyes very large.
Vertical. margin ‘keeled 220 Was Oe ao pe aromnne

6. Arolia fused with the claws, or at least approximate to these, some-
times rudimentary. Wing-cell with hook. Lore narrow, above
and below sharply separated. Pronotum without apical

constriction........6, Xemocorini (Oncotylaria) and LVasocorint.
6a. Arolia free, converging towards the apex or parallel, sometimes
absent (rarely in some AZacrolophini fused with the claws) ....7.
6b. Arolia always present, free, diverging towards the apex, and slightly
WIGEMEM 0. 6s Lda deelchayte eGR eames ee eRe tei se AiR MNT Oi een

(d). Only in the aberrant Sfe‘hoconus, Flor. ( Campyloneurini), and Histrio-
coris, Reuter ( Capsini), strongly convex.

7a.

7b.

on

Io.

10a.

1 ie

Dra:

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 371

Arolia free, converging towards the apex. Wiung-cell without a
hook. Pronotum without apical constriction. Gene very rarely
high. Lora sometimes separated also beneath. Eyes inwardly
mostly emarginate. Tibi slender, typically without

PUMGtUTeS eee sk. cae se Be Peter otomins (Cyllocorania).
Arolia free, converging towards the apex or wanting. Wing-cell
very rarely without a hook. Pronotum with apical constriction
(which is sometimes hidden under the posterior margin of the
posteriorly-produced hind margin of the vertex). Lore narrow,
sharply separated above and beneath............8, Pélophorini.
Arolia very delicate, or absent (sometimes clearer in some JZacro/o-
phini, but fused with the short claws). [Wing cell without hook.
Prenotin withiapicaleansthiction: (6) | “risk ok on 28
Arolia free, converging towards the apex, or parallel. Wing-cell
very rarely with hook. Pronotum without apical constriction.
Vertex wide. Gene high. Rostrum strong.......... ae dae
Head elongate, feebly declivous. Lore Senate separated above
and beneath, narrow. ‘Tarsi very slender. Sides of pronotum
Petco wa fel CASE DOSE SION anne eleosteyeneecane eats chine 9, Lulviine.

. Head vertical. Son ne Bic ui nak: sees rich: | GR gan |

Head not stromal Soneute ventrally: Clypeus not humpily swollen
mr the MMGele! Sk. ee: eA ee Bees eee (St
Head ventrally strongly sine Glypeus ihuenpily seaiten in the
middle. Genz very high. oe very short. ‘Tarsi slender, first
Segment dong .:. 2). 0). chs .14, Cylapint.
Arolia very dctieate or fused aan Nie sheet ae Lore sharply
separated above and below,
narrow ...... gh .10, Macrolophini (Dicypharia).
Arolia absent. Pore bale aed above, arched..11, Garganin?.
Body generally robust, never constricted in the middie. Lore
generally separated above and below, but wide. ‘Tibize often
robust. Membrane with two cells... 12, Halticind (Laboparia).
Body generally narrow, constricted in the middle. Lore separated
only above. Tegmina wings usually very rudimentary. Mem-
brane of macropterous form without cells, with irregular

PCR MERE c FL 0s. ead . hin) ata) Sv a onaiain, oeraieena OE SINOT PRIRECO DR INTEL.

(e) Added in MS. by Dr. Reuter.

ole - THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

12, Wing-cell with or without a hook. Pronotum with thick apical
constriction. Callosities limiting the constriction posteriorly, as
long as the latter. Head vertical, gene high ....15, Restheniini.

12a. Wing-cell always without a hook. Pronotum without an apical

constriction or with a “ spurious stricture.” Sides acute, at least
anteriorly. First segment of antenne and tarsi long..16, AZirini.

12b. Wing-cell always without a hook. Pronotum with a true apical
constriction (sometimes: not clear in brachypterous forms), sides
rarely, acute anteriorly. .4°. 5.50 nucy 0 8s one ree nth ae eer

3. Body oval or parallel, very rarely narrow and constricted medially.
Labrum narrow. Genz rarely high. Lorz separated
OMG ADOVE e555 2/5 vow pakctee as Sa ties ome Secon .17, Copsini.
13a. Body elongate, iscmiten medianle: Lane very aide. crescenuc,
Gene very high. Neck very long. Lor wide, but also separated
Prom Delo. see papel a soba, ale wat g Cader ase er alana 1 ae
14. Third segment of tarsi linear or very little thickened. Arolia very
delicate, free. Lore above and below sharply separated, narrow.
Apical margin of pronotum hood-shaped or strongly
Swollen v.00 oF aici etln ee wee Oy Ampracuime (CHVinemantan
14a. Third segment of tarsi chickeried ‘oanavde the ‘apex. Arolia large,
very closely approximated to the claws, often fused with these.
Lora separated only above. Membrane mostly
ani@e lular < Sissy et aos gta eatin tbe oe hance a Chet enn a
Fie
The following additions and emendations to my “List” are
necessary. I regret that Reuter’s ‘“ Classification” was not published
earlier, but although some shifting of the group constituents of my list
will take place, the references to type fixations will remain practically
unchanged, so that its prime purpose is fulfilled. The chief disturbances
are in tribe 13. in which Reuter leaves only Cy/apus and Vannius,
removing almost all the rest to the Bryocorini.
P. 119, gen. 1, for ‘* Dolichomerius” read ‘* —merus.”
P, 120, gen. 15, is dated 1871. ;
P. 121; gen. 29, add ‘ (Odontobrachis, Reuter, 1884, A.S.S. Fenn. xiv,
rorya
P, 121, gen. 31, after ‘“‘ Mulsant” add ‘‘ and Rey.”
P. 122, for ‘* Plagiogastharia” read ‘‘ Plagiognatharia.”

do td ot

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. bi fe)

123, gen. 18, the correct citation is ‘‘Reuter, 1875, Bih. Vet. Ak. Handl.,
ili, 57, type onzustus (Fieber), Reut., 1878, A. S, S. Fenn, xiii,
Dt koto ecng Per f2,7?

124, gen. 32, make this a synonym of Reuteroscopus, Kirkaldy, 1905,
Wien. Ent. Zeit., xxiv, 268.

124, gen. 36 belongs to the Capsini.

124, add “ 44” before ‘ Phylus.”

125, for ‘‘ Oncotylini ” read ‘‘ Xenocorini.”

126, gen. 16, read ‘‘ Malthacosoma.”

127, gen. tr, add as synonym, No. 51, on p. 138.

128, gen. 24, for Bull. Soc. Nat., Moscou (sep. ?)” read ‘‘ Mel. Ent.,
ops:

128, gen. 28, add as synonym ‘ Schistonotedlus, Reuter, 1905, Oefv.
Vet. Forh., xlvii, No. 20, p. 32” (dromedarius, f. 15a).

”

. 128, gen. 32, remove to tribe 6 Cremnorrhinini (p, 129).
. 129, for ‘“‘Campyloneurini” read ‘ Macrolophini,” and for ‘‘Crem-

?

norrhini” read ‘‘ Cremnorrhinini.”

P. 130, add genera 17, 18 and 20, on pp. 136-7, to the Halticini.

kg

las|- dao)

rot he DD

. 130, note 5, line 4, for ‘* 260” read 206.” N. B.—Pp. 1-190, or the

second ‘half, of Reuter’s:. “Rev. Crit. Caps:,” appear to be a
reprint of the Hem. Gymn. Scand,” without the Plate.
131, gen. 17, Reuter removes this to the Bryocorini.

a3

132, line 14, for ‘‘ oschanini” read “ oschannint.”

132, gen. 6, for ‘‘?” read to,” and delete “‘ (separate ?).”

133, gen. 11, Reuter considers that this is probably a Heterotomine.

133, gen. 26 and 28, remove to Capsini.

133, gen 29, for albofasciatus read unifasciatus.

134, tribe Cylapini ; Reuter removes 3 to the Capsini, retains 1 and
4 in the Cylapini, and most (or all) of the rest to the Bryocorini.

I regret I cannot altogether follow him in that.

. 134, gen. 7, add as a synonym, gen. 24 (p. 146).
. 134, gen. 18. The following is appended to render valid the genus

Sahlbergella: “Closely allied to Detmatostages, Kuhlgatz, but the
pronotum and scutellum are not tuberculate, the head is more
declivous, and the form of the pronotum and _ scutellum in
profile is different.”

. 134, gen. 19, for Odoniel/a, ‘‘ Haglund,” read “ Reuter, 1905, Oecfv.

Finsk. Forh., xlvii, No. 10, p. 2, type Reuteri (Haglund),
Reuter.

37 -t THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

P. 136, gen. 10, add (“* Dyoncus, Fieber, 1860, Eur. Hem., 67 ”).

P. 136, gen. 13, read ‘' Resthenta, Spin., etc., subgenus 1, /latytylus,
Fieber, etc., = Cadllichtla, Reuter, etc.” Reuter forms a division
(Resthenini) from this and AZimoncopeltus (= Lygdus ).

P. 136, gen. 5, to Lopistus, add as synonym, t'‘Capsodes, Dahlbom, 1851.
K. Vet. Ak. Handl. (for 1850), 214 (not descr.).”

P). 136-7, remove gen. 17, 18 and 20 to Halticini.

I. 137, gen. 30. Reuter thinks this may belong to the Pilophorini.

7, gen. 31. Reuter forms a division (Garganin1) from this.

P. 138, gen. 44. According to Reuter (1go5) Pantiliodes (p. 136, gen. 6)
is a synonym of Creontiades.

P. 139, add as 68a Liozorudia, Reuter, 1993, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Forh,
xlv., No. 16, p. 13 (=Léocoridea, Reuter, 1906, Yezh. Zool.
Mus. Imp. Nauk., Peterb., X, 51), type AZutab/lis, Reuter, PI.
2, f. 4, = Gismunda, Distant, p. 140 (gen. 91).

P. 140, gen. 80, read “ Charagochilus.”

P. 141, gen. ror, remove to Macrolophini (p. 129).

P. 141, gen.”.98, for “nn,” read §“r906 (June), T.N, “Zealand? igs.
XXXVI, 62.7, [The Tr Am. Ent. “Soe. xxxtt, pi 1 41) eis eaeed
“May,” but was not published till at least August. |

Po 142) cen Wah read i pyeelins

P. 142, gen. 119 and 120, Cadlicratides, Distant, is a synonym of Hyadlo-
peplus, Stal.

P,'143, Sen. 134i, addy he. 2.”

P, 143,-gen. 139, read’ ‘Costa, ‘T84r, Ay S:°K., France, 204 umme
ttalicum. Costa, 1855 (?), Atti Nap., 251, Pl. 2, f. 1 = GryWo-
coris,” ete.

P. 145, add gen. 24, Saturniomiris, Kirkaldy, 1992, T. E. S., London,
268, type ¢ristis (Walker), Kirk.

P. 145, gen. 5. Reuter places this in the Pilophorini.

P. 145, the date of ‘‘ Hetdemannia” is 1891.

P. 146. Reuter places Zhaumastomiris and Ferisscbas’s in the Bryo-
corn. ;

P. 146. Ambracius is placed in the Clivinemini (p. 135) by Reuter, who
incorrectly spells it amdbrocius and ambrosius. Opellus (No. 7)
belongs there also. Genus 8 should be deleted. The date of
Stal’s genera in K. Sv. Ak. Handl., 2, pt. 7, is 1860.

P. 146, gen. 15, the preoccupied name Lygdus should be superseded by
Mimoncopeltus, nov.

5

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.

tuk CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

P. 146, gen. 16 and 17 are placed by Reuter in the Bryocorini, 18 and 19
in the Macrolophini.
P. 147, add “ Family 3a, Polyctenide.
“Genus 1. folyctenes, Giglioli, 1864, Q. Journ. Micr. Sci., 1V, 25,
type modossus, Gigl., Pl. Ib., figs. 13-14.
“ Genus 2. Euroctenes, gen. nov., type Zyre (C. O. Waterh., 1879,
T. E. S., London, Pl. IX, figs 1-2).
“Genus 3. Hoctenes, gen. nov., type spasm@ (C. O. W., op. c.,
figs. 3-4).
“ Genus 4. Hesperoctenes, gen. nov., type fumarius (Westw., 1874,
Thesaurus Ent. Oxon., Pl. 38).”
The characters of these four cenera have been indicated by various
authors, but only one, Polyctenes, has been named:
1. Palzogzic forms; posterior legs comparatively short and stout, about
half the length of the bug ; the claws unequal, one nearly simple,
the other large and bent, its basal tubercle nearly as long as the

SMe Claw. vcckt) Sania ar Dart wets ie ihe ten oe
ta. Neogzic forms ; posterior eee as ane as hee ee j Ake nearly

equal, with a smail tooth at the base ......1, MHesperoctenes, mihi-
2. Antenne long, the third segment almost (or more than) as long as the

UCU seep Re eae Rao ARENA a elon 20"
2a. Antenne shorter, flava aid douetli semmenne about aqnally

BOIS. tee Paes EN Re as POE A OCT eS: anal
3. Head medianly Sider tha sae Pronotum

transverse. ee AUT kaa anal i ehem expend

3a. Head ony Bates han ree Pronotum

elongates... 6h. Sadie ea tends -ouroctenes mihi.
P. 147, delete entry ope p- 147 Peele ae Eaaily 5. and read: “ Family 5,
Dipsocoride (Monogr., as Ceratocombide, Reuter, 1891, Act.
Soc. ock,. Penn; XTX; “No.6; -ppss1—28, PE).
Subfamily 1, Dipsocorine.
‘“Genus 1. Lichenobia, Berensprung, 1857, Berlin Ent Zeit., I,
165 (= Ceratocombus, Fieber, 1860), Wien. Ent. Mon.. 1V, 267,
tvpe muscorum, Kall. (= Coleoptrata, Zett.), type ferruginea,
Baer. (= Coleoptrata, Zett.), fig.. Signoret, 1852, A. 35. E.,
France (2) X. Pl. 16, f. 3, as Astemma Mulsantz.”
N. B.—Ceratocombus was only named, not described, by
Signoret.
P. 148, line 3, read ‘‘ 7réchotonannus .”
P. 148, date of footnote 20 is 1836.

376 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST‘.

P. 126, gen. 28, make this a synonym of Zopus, Hahn, 1833, Wanz. Ins.,
I, 143, Pi. 1, f. 4, type CArysanthemi, Hahn (=decolor, Fall).
P. 146. add Tribe 27, Lygeoscytini.
Genus 1. Lygeoscytus, Reuter, 1893, E. M. M., xxix, 151, type
cimicoides, Reuter, fig.

P. S.—I have just received the 3rd volume of Distant’s “ Fauna of
British India, Rhynchota” (1906), wherein his doubtful Anthocorid genera
are figured as follows :

Ostorodias, f. 1; Arnulphus, f. 2; Amphiareus, f. 3; Lippomanus,
f. 4; Seseddius, f.6. Euspudeus, Reuter, is also figured (f. 5), also the
following Water-bugs : Chezrochela feana (16), Gestrotella (17), Heleocoris
strabus (19), and Crenipocorts (20). I find I omitted from my list the

Naucorid Zhurseltnus, Distant, 1904, Entom., xxxvil, 259, type Gveenz
(figured.EY. Bk, f.w2:r).

QUEBEC BRANCH—ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF
ONTARIO.

The Ninth Annual Meeting of the Quebec Branch was held at the
house of the President, Rev. Dr. Fyles, Levis, P. Q, on Oct. 12, 19g06—
twelve present.

Dr. Fyles described an excursion that he had made through the
border townships which had been ravaged some years ago by the Larch
Saw-fly, Mematus Erichsoni, Hart. Ue found that in all that section of
the country there was nota first-growth tamarack left, and that most of
those of a later growth were also destroyed ; their places were now taken
by a new growth of balsam, poplar, spruce and birch, varying with the
nature of the soil. He also exhibited a fine nest of the wasp Vespa
arenaria, Fab., which he had found in_an open field, an inch or so from
the ground, supported by some grass stems and that of an aster. . It
resembled a round stone or a large puff-ball, and contained a surprisingly
large number of cells. A female emerged from one of the cells on Sept. 9.

Miss Freeman exhibited a number of beautiful and interesting speci-
mens taken at Lorette, P. Q., and mentioned having found about a dozen
butterflies, Augonia /-album, in an unoccupied room, where they
evidently intended to pass the winter.

Lt.-Colonel Lindsay gave an interesting account of a Caddis-fly,
frequenting lakes and streams, which he found very abundant in August.
It is preyed upon by both trout and insectivorous birds, so that between
the crop of the bird and the maw of the fish—its Scylla and Charybdis—
-the unlucky insect finds it difficult to steer its course.

The following officers were elected for the coming year: President,
Rev. Dr. Fyles; Vice-President, Mrs. Richard Turner; Secretary-Treasurer,
Lt.-Colonel Crawford Lindsay ; Council, Hon. Richard Turner, Mr. J. H.
Simmons, Miss Bickell, Miss Freeman, and Miss Hedge.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 377

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ENTOMOLOGY OF THE
SELKIRK MOUNTAINS OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.—I.
INTRODUCTORY.

BY J. CHESTER BRADLEY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, CAL.

In company with a party of botanists and others, the writer spent the
summer of 1905 in the Selkirk Mountains of British Columbia, much of the
time in scientifically unexplored parts of that beautiful range. The Selkirks
occupy the major part of the Kootenay district of south-eastern British
Columbia. It will be seen by reference to a map that they are bounded
on practically all sides by the Columbia and Kootenay Rivers and the
long and narrow Kootenay Lake, They form, especially in the northern
part, an exceedingly rugged region of lofty peaks and ridges, cut by deep,
densely-wooded valleys. The vegetation is said to be much denser than in
the Rockies of corresponding latitude, and differs somewhat from it in the
nature of its trees, etc. It certainly is almost impenetrable in many places,
and to take a pack animal where there is no-cut trail is out of the
question.

The region is divided by the Canadian Pacific Railway into a
northern and southern district, more or less differentiated in natural as
well as other features. The southern part is a mining country, and in
some of the valleys are occasional mining settlements, and even railroads
and small towns. It contains a few large lakes, on one of the most
beautiful of which is situated the little town of Kaslo, where Dr. Dyar and
Messrs. Currie and Caudell made the headquarters of their expedition of
the previous season, and where Mr. Cockle, an enthusiastic entomol-
ogist, has accumulated an extensive cabinet of local insects. Some
distance north of this, on the shore of Howser Lake, our party spent two
weeks, and considerable collecting was had. A little marl bog on the
opposite shore furnished collecting grounds of a type not elsewhere met
with,

The northern district is not penetrated more than a mile or two from
the railroad by any evidence of civilization, excepting three or four small
mining camps and the occasional hut of a trapper. Even the latter is
very, very scarce. Although scientists have sometimes penetrated into
the Rockies north of the railroad, they have not, so far as I am aware,

entered here. Yet the region is attractive in the highest degree. The
November, 1906

378 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

richness of the vegetation only lends a greater charm. The lower slopes
are covered with unbroken noble forests of evergreen, as yet but slightly
touched by the destroying-hand of the lumberman. The trees often
average 150 feet high, while heights of 200 feet and diameters from seven
to nine feet are not uncommon. MHemlocks, Arbor-vite and Douglas
spruce make up the bulk of the forest below 4,000 feet, above which they
are replaced by fir. Deciduous trees are very sparingly represented by a
few birch, poplars, and in the alpine meadows by willows. A distinct
timber line is present at an altitude of about 6,000 feet, above which one

may roam over vast stretches of alpine meadows, characterized by a
luxuriant growth of grass and flowers, now stretching away over quiet
slopes upon which the caribou love to graze, or again suddenly interrupted
by more rugged topography, yawning chasms and steep rock walls. There
are many beautiful glaciers and snow-fields of vast extent, and the rugged
peaks where these are found are the homes of many a fine white mountain
goat, and more rarely of bighorn sheep, of both of which we saw several.
The glorious combination of harmonizing colours, the deep blue and
white of the glaciers and snow, the light green of the alpine meadows, or
in places white or red or yellow with flowers, all contrasted with the rich
dark green background of the firs at timber line or growing in beautiful
isolated groups above, is a sight which would alone well repay the most
arduous journey and leave its imprint on the soul of the traveller forever.

We were encamped for two weeks at timber line, at a distance of
over 60 miles north of the Canadian Pacific, in what is known as the Big
Bend Country, because here the Columbia River makes its grand bend
from a north-westerly to a south-westerly course. At this altitude the
most evident insects were several species of Bombus, great numbers of
Vespa occidentalis, two species of Tabanide, and a very abundant and
exceedingly annoying Leptid of the genus Symphoromyia. Ladidia
opimus was fairly common, but no other Saw-flies, except a single speci-
men of Lyda, were found. Below 4,000 feet more species of Bombus,
Vespas as before, several species of Saw-flies and of Longicorn beetles
related to Leptura. Where Downie Creek flows into the Columbia, we
were encamped for a week, and here shore and aquatic, woodland, and
flower-loving species were in great abundance.

At our camp along the shore of the Columbia River, a few miles
north of the town of Revelstoke, were found especially wood-inhabiting

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 379

species, Longicorns and Buprestids,: Sirex albicornis and abdominalis and
Xeris caudatus, Braconid parasites of wood-boring Coleoptera, and
especially Odontaulacus editus, of which I took 26 specimens. Along
moist spots on the trail and shore were large numbers of bees of many
kinds and swarms of butterflies.

The botanical results of the expedition were more thorough and
important than the zoological, and will prove invaluable to the student of
the fauna as well as the flora. Over 20,000 sheets were brought home, and
an additional 18,000 the previous season. These represent very fully the
flora of the region. In addition to this, the party was equipped with regis-
tering thermometers, sling psychrometers, aneroid barometers, radiation
thermometers, evaporometers, photographic outfits, and other apparatus for
studying the ecological and bionomical conditions that prevail, and which
will, I hope, result in facts of no less importance to the zoologist than to
the botanist. The leader of our expedition was Dr. Charles H. Shaw,
Professor of Botany in the Medico-Chirurgical College of Philadelphia, an
enthusiastic naturalist and a charming companion, to whom the author
wishes to express his thanks for many courtesies and facilities provided
for his work. Among other members of the party were Prof. Heinrich
Peterson, of Ursinus College ; two students from the Medico-Chirurgical
College ; Mr. Merkel Jacobs, of the University of Pennsylvania, and part
of the time Miss Alberta Cory, of the Kansas City High School; Miss
Ellen Runner, of Lake Forest College; Miss Mary T. Jobe, of the
Cortland (New York) State Normal School, and others. Some of these
were interested in botany, several of them devoting their entire attention
to the collection of plants. I was the only member of the party interested
in zoology.

II.—New Aculeate Hymenoptera.

I hope to be able to publish from time to time lists, notes and
descriptions, which will be preliminary to a knowledge of the insects of
the region. As a beginning, I here publish the descriptions of three
Hymenoptera, one a Bethylid of the genus Gonatopus, remarkable for its
curious and ungainly appearance and for its rarity. Another-is of the
family Pemphredonide of the genus Blepharipus, which has heretofore
been known in America from three female specimens representing two
species. There is one European species.

380 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Blepharipus columbie, n. sp. (Crabronide.)

?.—Differs from B. nigricornis in having the posterior tarsi entirely
black instead cf yellow at the base; the abdomen is less elongate, and
the propodeum has indistinct transverse ridges on the posterior face, and
short longitudinal ridges on the base above joining the postscutellum.

Haditat—Ground-hog Basin, Selkirk Mts., B.C. July 24, 1905.

Type.—One 2 in the collection of Cornell University.

Spilomena alboclypeata, n. sp.

$.—Head and dorsum without the scattered punctures of Aoxi;
antenne fuzzy pubescent, the scape lemon-yellow, the pedicel yellowish ;
sides of the face, clypeus and mandibles white, tibiz and tarsi pale,
otherwise black.

Habitat.— Revelstoke, Selkirk Mts., B. C., July 1, 1905.

Type.—One male in the collection of Cornell University.

The male of this genus has not been heretofore known in America.
There is a specimen of pzsz7/a male in the collection of the American
Entomological Society which differs from the female in having the clypeus
and sides of the face yellow and the legs entirely honey-yellow.

Gonatopus cyphonotus, n. sp.
(xkupwvotos = hump-backed.)

?.—Black, except scape, pedicel, face, mandibles, trochanters, all
coxe beneath, knees, posterior and middle tibie in the middle, and
anterior tibiz and tarsi above, lemon-yellow, rest of legs beyond the
swollen part of the femora reddish-yellow. Thorax above and abdomen
smooth, polished and shining ; thorax on the side, constriction between
the mesothorax and propodeum above, head, and coxe, finely-roughened ;
propodeum posteriorly a little more coarsely roughened ; hump of thorax
without a V-shaped emargination, with an ocellus-like tubercle on each side.
Length, 2.5 mm.

‘Tabitat.—Downie Creek, Big Bend Country, Seikirk Mts., British
Columbia.

Type.—One female in the collection of Cornell University.

in the type of confortudus, Patton, the entire thorax is covered with
a fine transverse striation, more prominent on the propodeum. This is
entirely wanting in cyPhonotus, and in the latter the constriction between
the mesothorax and propodeum is less marked.

Mailed November 6th, 1906.

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VoL. XXXVIII.. LONDON, DECEMBER, 1906. No. 12

THE LIFE-HISTORY OF THE SPINED RUSTIC, BARATHRA
CURIALTS, SMITH.

BY JAMES FLETCHER AND ARTHUR GIBSON, OTTAWA.

In the Report of the Entomologist and Botanist to the Dominion
Experimental Farms for 1905, at pages 179 and 180, considerable space
is given toa discussion of an outbreak of a large noctuid caterpillar, which
appeared in considerable numbers in Canada during 1905. Complaints

of injury by this insect were received from a wide area, extending from
Nova Scotia as far west as Lake Superior. During July many kinds of

plants in gardens were attacked by smooth cutworm-like caterpillars, which
when small were greenish in colour, having the body divided into two

equal areas above and below the spiracles by a wide black stigmatal band.
In later stages of growth the upper of these areas is much darker by
reason of some black velvety patches above the lateral stripes, on the
dorsal area. and the under side of the body becomes pale and of a yellowish
hue. These caterpillars were largely nocturnal and solitary in habit, and
presented a handsome appearance, with the same velvety patches so
conspicuous on eridroma astricta and P. occulta, with three lines down
the back, and having each segment ornamented with two large velvety
black patches. There is great variation in the ground colour, some larvee
appearing to be almost black, while others have a dark olive-green aspect,
but all specimens show a distinct stigmatal band, along the side just below
the spiracles, which is yellow in colour, marked centrally with red.

In the above-mentioned report this insect was treated of under the
name of Sarathra occidentata, Grote, but we have since learned from Sir
George Hampson, of the British Museum, that the species is really ZB.
curtadis, Smith, and this identification has been confirmed by Dr. J. B.
Smith and Dr. H. G. Dyar. In the past this insect has been extremely
rare in Canada, the only abundant occurrence which has taken place during
the last thirty years being in 1905, and although the larve were very
abundant that year, very few of the moths were taken during the past season.
No parasites were bred from material collected in the field in 1905.

382 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

We were fortunate enough to secure a batch of eggs from a confined
female, and the following notes were taken upon the preparatory stages :

Egg.—Dome-shaped; tapering slightly to the base; diameter, 0.6 mm.;
height, 0.4 mm., with about 44 ribs. In confinement the eggs were laid in
a large flat patch in close, even, rows of from ten to twenty eggs in a row.
Over 700 eggs were laid by asingle female. Eggs hatched on July 5 and 6.

Stage J.—Length 2.5 mm. Body cylindrical, after feeding pale
greenish ; skin smooth and shiny. Head 0.3 mm. wide; rounded, deeply
emarginate at vertex, shining, blackish-brown, Thoracic shield, piliferous
tubercles and anal shield all shiny black. No markings on body.

Stage /7.—Length 5.5 mm. Body pale green. Head 0.6 mm. wide,
pale brownish, with darker brown around each hair. Thoracic shield
concolorous with body. Dorsal stripe whitish; lateral stripe irregular and
rather wavy; stigmata] band whitish, faint. Tubercles black, conspicuous,
shining, each with a stiff black bristle. Feet concolorous with body.

On July ro a few specimens moulted the second time, many others
soon afterwards.

Stage J7/7.—Length8 mm. Head 0.9 mm. wide, greenish-brown,
distinctly marked with large black spots, which are of about the same size
as, and appear as a continuation of, the tubercles on the body. In
addition there are numerous dark dots over the whole head ; ocelli black.
Body above spiracles darker than in Stage II, and of almost the same
colour as the upper surface of a clover leaf upon which they were feeding.
Below stigmatal band the colour of the body is pale green. Dorsal stripe
white, distinct on all segments; lateral stripe white, but uneven and broken
in places ; stigmatal band whitish, not distinct. Tubercles black, sete
now pale. ‘Tubercles above spiracles surrounded with white. Spiracles
black. Thoracic feet rather translucent, prolegs concolorous with venter.

On July 12 and 13 a large number of the larve passed the third moult.

Stage IV. Length 13mm. Head 1.4 to 1.6 mm. wide, of the same
appearance as in Stage III. Body dark green above spiracles, paler on

ventral area ; some specimens darker green than others, and one with a .

decided brownish tinge ; whole dorsum now marked with dots and short
streaks of white ; colour of all specimens in the incisures whitish or pale
yellowish. Dorsal stripe not so even as in last stage; lateral stripe as
before; stigmatal band wide, whitish, paler below the spiracles, and
suffused with green, some specimens bordered above the band with dark
green. Spiracles pale, rimmed with black. Feet concolorous with body ;
thoracic feet rather translucent and shiny.

en

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 383

On July 14 many specimens moulted for the fourth time.

Stage V.i—Length 18 mm. The larve in this stage are not constant
in general appearance as heretofore, but vary considerably in colour, being
pale green, brownish green, or decidedly pale brownish. Head 2.0 to 2.2
mm. wide, in the light coloured larve pale, almost concolorous with the
body, and without any spots, but in the darker larve distinctly mottled
and marked with dark brown, particularly on the inside upper portion of
cheeks. The green larve are almost exactly the same as in Stage IV, but
the brownish larvz are different. In these specimens the dorsal stripe is
broken, and is bordered on either side with dark brown, and in the
incisures, especially those of the central segments, the colour is decidedly
yellowish. Sublateral area rather heavily dotted with black or dark brown,
giving a blackish appearance to this area just above the spiracles. The
stigmatal band in some of the green larvee is now inconspicuous, the upper
margin showing simply as a white line connecting the spiracles. In the
darker specimens it is much the same, but more conspicuous on account
of the dark colour above the spiracles, and the space occupied in previous
stages by the stigmatal band being flushed slightly with red. Spiracles
white, elongated, rimmed with black. Ventral surface of all specimens
paie green, marked with small white spots and streaks. Feet pale.

On July 19 some of the larve again moulted.

Stage V7.—Length 27 mm., cylindrical. Head 3.0 to 3.2 mm. wide,
rounded, honey-yellow, coarsely mottled with dark brown; frontal field and
clypeus dark brown, not mottled ; clypeus large, margined with white, and
running three-quarters up the face to the base of the vertical groove ;
mandibles tipped with black. Ground colour of body in varying shades
of gray or drab; all larve dark, none green. A few specimens are of a
rather ruddy brown hue. The dorsal and lateral stripes are clearly defined,
but less conspicuous than before. Somewhat triangular-shaped black
velvety patches lie above the lateral stripes and run out to the dorsal stripe,
where they sometimes almost meet on the anterior portion of the segments.
These are more conspicuous on the posterior segments, but on some
specimens hardly show at all. Above each spiracle there is also a
conspicuous black velvety field clearly defined below, which renders the

upper margin of the stigmatal band very distinct. The stigmatal band
itself is pale yellow, and much flushed with red, particularly below the
spiracles. Spiracles white. Ventral surface pale green, the darker
specimens sometimes streaked and mottled with black on the substigmatal
area. The ruddy specimens similarly show a red mottling. Piliferous

384 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

tubercles inconspicuous in most specimens. Thoracic and anal shields
concolorous. Feet concolorous or slightly infuscated. Length when full
grown 44 to 48 mm., width 6 to 8 mm..

These larve were very active through all their stages, and when
full-fed wandered about a good deal. On July 26 most of them were
full-grown, and many buried and pupated in oval cells about four inches
below the surface.

Pupa.—19-23 mm. long, 5.5-6.5 mm. wide at widest part, rather
slender, abruptly pointed at anal end; dark chestnut brown, shining.
Anterior third of abdominal segments deeply arfd coarsely punctured.
Cremaster conical, black, deeply roughened and grooved longitudinally,
with a pair of slender terminal rigid bristles 0.7 mm. long, separate but
close together, with the tip of each expanded into a button with recurved
edges.

The pupz were kept in a cool cellar all through the winter, and were
brought up to the office about the end of April. The moths emerged from
May 4 to 26, three or four weeks earlier than the species was collected
outside. ,

Food-plants.—Up to Stage IV the larve were fed chiefly on clover,,
grass and dandelion, but as they did not seem to be growing fast enough
they were changed to Bleeding-heart (Dée/ytra spectabilis), specimens
having been found in considerable numbers on this plant at the
Experimental Farm. Other plants which seemed to be particularly
attractive to these caterpillars in a state of nature were Larkspurs, of
which the seed-capsules were much injured, Spinach and Cabbage.
They are, however, rather general feeders, but being nocturnal in habit,
their food-plants were rather difficult to detect.

THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE CULICIDZ.
BY S. W. WILLISTON, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO.

In the revision of my Manual of North American Diptera, now in press,
it has been necessary for me to examine critically the recent publications
on the classification of the Culicide. Although I have never ceased to be
an interested reader of dipterological literature, I was hardly prepared for
the flood that has nearly swamped me in the attempt to reach terra firma.

It is unfortunate that, among the score or more who have written
upon the classification of this family within the past six years, nearly all
have been amateurs in entomological taxonomy, some, indeed, whose only

papers on entomology have been those proposing new “subfamilies.” |
December, 1906

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Or

THE CANADIAN ENTUMOLOGIST,

do not wish it to be inferred by my statement that I impugn the ability of
many of these writers ; far from it. The fact, nevertheless, remains, that
no one is competent to discuss philosophically the classification of any
group of animal life who is not well grounded in the principles of taxonomy
as applied to related animals. And the ignorance of related Diptera has
been, more than once, deplorably shown by writers on the Culicide. A
writer who persistently calls the beginning of the third longitudinal vein a
** supernumerary cross-vein,” and the fourth posterior cell the ‘‘ anal celi,”
without in the least attempting to show that the standard authors on
Diptera have been greviously in error, is, from the very nature of the case,
incompetent to discuss classificatory characters, since the mosquitoes are
not organisms isolated from all other living creatures.

It may be urged, on the other hand, that not being a specialist in the
Culicide myself, I am not competent as a critic, and that is possibly true.
I have, however, studied patiently a dozen or twenty of the so-called new
genera of the mosquitoes, and have a more or less critical acquaintance
with at least a thousand other genera of Diptera in all families, and I
humbly submit that it is not necessary, at least for one whose taste is not
depraved, to devour a whole sheep in order to detect the flavor of mutton.

Until within recent years, dipterologists were content to classify the,
known Culicide in a half dozen or so genera, genera which could be
defined by characters equivalent to those used for generic definition in the
allied families. With the great impulse given to the study of the
mosquitoes by the marvellous economic discoveries of recent years, it was
only to be expected that many new forms would be brought to light, and
new structural characters discovered. The Culicide in the past had been
generally neglected by students of Diptera, for two chief reasons: the
frailty of the insects themselves and the difficulty of preserving them
intact, and the recognized difficulties of their study. It naturally was
very desirable, with the great influx of new forms, both for scientific and
economic reasons, that relaticnships should be more closely defined than
had hitherto been done. The results so far have been that a few new

’ genera, based upon characters equivalent to those previously used, have

been established, and that the other old genera have been broken up into
scores of groups, to which the designation of genus has been, correctly or
incorrectly, applied.

Theobald, in his recent discussion of the genera of the world, recog-
nizes about seventy-five genera, and has promised more. American
writers, with no less modesty, have proposed a score or so additional ones.

386 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,

Altogether, then, perhaps a hundred generic names have been offered
for the acceptance of students of Diptera.

Coquillett, in his recent paper on the North American mosquitoes,
has attempted to define forty-one genera, eighteen of which contain a
single species each, and eight others but two species each. ‘The whole
number of species included in these forty-one genera is about one
hundred and forty, or an average of about three anda half species to each
genus. It might be added, for the encouragement of the genus maker,
that there is still room for nearly one hundred genera before each of our
species has a generic name all to itself—and there seem to be plenty
of characters, such as they are, for the manufacture of these new ‘‘genera.”

And what is the result? As has been said by others, and as I can
corroborate, for the most part it is simplest to determine the species first
from their descriptions, and then, of course, the generic determinations are
easily ascertained by reference to the catalogues. And there has been not
a little guessing done by some of the most prolific writers, as might be
shown, were it worth while.

It is Theobald to whom we are indebted for the larger part of the
proposed genera. He urged, and rightly, that there were too few genera, for
convenience sake. It is very true that, in some other families of Diptera,
as, for example, the Tabanidz, we are not greatly disturbed by large num-
bers of species in a genus, and even reject many proposed divisions that do
not divide. I frankly confess that I am so old-fashioned that a genus means
something more to me than an additional name for a species, and do not
like to see divisions made on the score of convenience alone. Venational
and plastic differences there are few among the mosquitoes ; palpal and
antennal characters it was thought had been used to their limit; and there
seemed nothing left but the character of the vestiture. Theobald insists
that he has found trustworthy generic characters in the shape and distri-
bution of the scales of the body and wings. In a measure he may be
right, but when it comes to the differentiation of genera, and even
subfamilies, by the aid of a few scales alone (e. g., Phagomyia, Theobald,
‘is allied to Stegomyza, but is separated by the narrow-curved scales on
the lateral lobes of the scutellum”!) whether they are broad or narrow,
curved or straight (Theobald lists seventeen kinds of scales), with their
countless permutations in the different parts of the body, I protest that

triviality has reached its limit. He insists that if a horse were covered
with scales instead of hair it would be at once recognized as of a different
genus from Zguus. Ihave been a student of the vertebrates for thirty

_—-. <«. -—_, |

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 387

years, and beg to express my decided dissent from sucha proposition. If
a horse were clothed with scales as large as saucers, with mo structural

differences, it would not be tolerated as a distinct genus. But such
examples are hardly pertinent here. A graver charge is that Mr.
Theobald believes that palpal characters should not be used, because of
the difficulty of detection. In other words, we should not trouble
ourselves about natural or genetic characters when they are difficult to
observe, but use artificial ones that may be easily seen. However, he
urges that the palpal characters are not as true indices of relationships as
are the scale characters. This is important if true, but I am bold enough
to say that it is not true. In all other families of Diptera the structure of
the palpi has been found safe in classification, and it would be strange
indeed if the mosquitoes should prove to be an exception. And Mr.
Theobald is hardly consistent ; he readily uses certain palpal characters
for the definition of subfamilies, but denies to others generic value. And
it must be remembered that Mr..Theobald bases his ideas of relationships
almost exclusively on scale characters, and it is no wonder that he reasons
in a circle. My own conclusion is that characters derived from the shape
of the scales are both artificial and inconvenient, and at most only of
specific value.

The proposal of a host of genera based upon such trivial characters
is bad enough, but words fail me in my expression of amazement at the
proposition to base a dozen or more subfamilies almost wholly upon
secondary sexual and scale characters. Secondary sexual characters are
looked upon universally by taxonomists as of very doubtful generic value,
and very rarely have they been accepted. Here we would have them do
duty as primary divisional characters in the family. Theobald naively
says that the males of his Toxorhynchitine can not be distinguished from
the males of his Megarhininz, even generically. ‘* The females of the
Culicine and A‘domyine are so alike that, without the examination of the
males, it is not always possible to place them in the right subfamily.”
Coquillett, who has tried to avoid secondary sexual characters in his
definition of the subfamilies, separates, for example, his Psorophorine and
Culicine, as follows :

“ Femora bearing many outstanding scales ; wing scales
MEPIS Sai 0e sake soaeacnssny on ere bie mteh trans enane te ain eth o . Psorophorine.
‘“ Femora devoid of outstanding scales (except in the genus domyia.
whieh, bas, broad wing: seales)"s. 0... e: ogee. ee os Culneings,”

388 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Of all the writers, one would have thought that Coquillett would have
recalled the fate cf Brauer’s numerous “ families” of the Tachinide, and
have refrained from the use of such trivial characters. Think of it, a
subfamily distinguished ultimately by ‘‘ broad” or ‘‘narrow” wing scales!

But this is not the worst, though bad enough. Theobald found a
certain specimen with a scaled seventh wing vein, and straightway elevates
it to generic and subfamily rank, the Heptaphlebomyine! Just
imagine that character or its equivalent being used singly as a subfamily
character in the allied families !

Nor is this all. Mr. Theobald has suggested, and I regret to see
that Coquillett, from whose wide acquaintance with Diptera we should
expect better things, adopts the suggestion, that the Corethrine should be
separated from the Culicinz as a distinct family of Diptera; and, ergo, the
family Culicidz be raised to superfamily rank. Because, forsooth,
Corethra, while identical in venation, bodily structure, larval habits and
structure, does not have piercing mouth organs. Imagine such a proposi-
tion coming trom Loew, Schiner or Osten Sacken! Suppose we apply this
criterion elsewhere in the Diptera, and witness the results. Stomoxys and
its allies become the Stomoxiida (and the Muscine are only a subfamily
at the best) ; Ceratopogon and its allies the Ceratopogonide (and the
group is far more widely separated from the other genera of the
Chironomid) ; Ph/ebotomus the Phlebotomide, etc. What a pretty
classification we should have if we used the mouth structure alone for
family divisions in the Tipulide, Chironomid, Cecidomyidx, and the
Cyrtide, for example. Even the Bombyliide, and many of the groups of
the Muscidz, would be stampeded. Coquillett, at least, knows that the

three or four ‘‘ new” families that have been proposed in recent years, all
of them with more distinctive characters than the Corethrinz possess,
have been unanimously rejected by dipterologists. How, then, do ‘the
culicidologists expect to receive greater consideration? It would almost
seem that they consider themselves as without kin to other entomologists,
and that whatever they say is, ex cathedra, incontrovertible.

There are but two subfamilies of the Culicide, unless we admit the
Dixine, which I strongly favour, the Culicine and Corethrine, and any
groups of either are of lower rank, mere tribes. And we should not want
a dozen subfamilies if the genera had not been so debauched.

But discussion is idle. The sanest classification so far is that of
Coquillett, but that is not saying a great deal. ‘he family yet awaits a
thorough toxonomical revision. Meanwhile my advice to the general
student is to ignore all those genera based upon scale characters, and call
his species, as of yore, Culex, Atdes, Anopheles, etc.

2

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 389

SOME NEW GEOMETRIDA FROM BRITISH COLUMBIA.
BY GEO. W. TAYLOR, WELLINGTON, B. C.

The species described below were all included in a paper on B. C.
Geometridz, which was read by title before the Royal Society of Canada
last May.

Unfortunately, it was not possible (owing to pressure of other work)
for me to complete the paper in time for publication in this year’s volume
of the Transactions, and as the names have all appeared in a ‘‘ Check List
of the Lepidoptera of British Columbia,” recently published by the
Provincial Department of Agriculture, it seems better to print the
descriptions now in the CaNnaDIAN Enromotocisr than to wait the
appearance of next year’s volume of the Royal Society’s Transactions.

1. Eupithecia olivacea, new species.—Expanse of largest specimen,
34 mm. Palpi short, slender, drooping, black, the tip pale. Head,
thorax, abdomen and fore wings a uniform dark olivaceous brown ;
summit pale, with a dark central spot.

Fore wings lengthened, with outer margin very oblique, scarcely
rounded ; all markings obscure except the discal spot (which is black
and conspicuous) and the scalloped white submarginal line.

The veins, especially veins 2 to 6, are marked with biack dashes,
indicating two or three extra-discal lines. There is a fine, faint, black
marginal line, followed by a pale line at base of fringe ; fringe rather paler
than wing, with dark spots at the ends of the veins.

Hind wings rather broad, with a slight flattening of outer margin at
vein 5 ; a little paler in colour than the fore wings.

Beneath, fore wing uniformly dusky; discal spot obscure, veins
slightly marked with blackish, indicating extra-discal lines ; marginal line
distinct.

Hind wings as fore wings, but discal spot more distinct, and two
extra-discal lines showing as dots on the veins across the wings ; marginal
lines as above.

This species is very close to Z. Zachrymosa, Hulst, as identified by
me, but differs in the duiler and more uniform colouring, the lengthened
fore wings and straighter outer margins.

Types: ¢, Wellington, 7th April, 1903 ; 9, Wellington, 2oth April,
1903. It is not very rare at Vancouver.(R. V. Harvey) and Wellington,

but I have not yet received it from other parts of the Province.
December, 1906

399 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

2. Eupithecia Harveyata, new species.—Expanse, 25 mm. _ Palp:
long, slender, porrect. Head, front, thorax and ground colour of wings,
gray, with a light brown shade; a small brown spot in front of each
antenna.

Fore wings with many fine cross lines, most distinctly seen at their
terminations on the inner margin. ‘Three of these lines are basal ; the
intra-discal is double; there are two faint wavy lines in the discal space,
one on each side of rather large and distinct round black discal spot.

The extra-discal band consists of three black lines and two included
pale spaces. ‘The inner line of the three is marked with black dashes
running inwardly on the veins ; middle line less distinct, wavy ; outer line
also fine and wavy. Submarginal space dusky, divided by a conspicuous
white scalloped line; marginal line of indistinct black dashes; fringe pale,
with blackish mottlings.

Hind wings, with outer margin full; discal spot very small ; the
beginnings of about six lines on the inner margin, the two extra-discal
lines being traceable half across the wing, the others being much shorter ;
submarginal space dusky ; submarginal and marginal lines as on fore
wings ; fringe rather long, the colour of the fore wings, cut with a darker
shade at the ends of the veins.

Beneath, all the wings are clear gray, with the discal dots and marginal
black lines distinct. There are also two extra-discal faint lines on each
wing, those on the fore wings being diffuse, and showing most plainly as
rather large smoky blotches on the costa.

Abdomen gray, with brown mottlings, much paler beneath.

The type specimens, and the only ones I have seen, are two, ¢ and
2, taken at Vancouver on 6th April, 1903, by Mr. R. V. Harvey, the
energetic secretary of our B. C. Entomological Society, after whom the
species is named,

3. Lupithecta Dyarata, new species.—Expanse, 25mm. _ Palpi long,
stout, porrect. Head, thorax and fore wings rather dark brown. Abdomen
brown, with second segment darker.

Fore wings crossed by numerous undulating blackish lines ;
basal line diffuse, very indistinct ; angled sharply at cell; one
or two dark lines within basal space; intra-discal line double, fine,
with very distinct angle at cell; discal space rather darker than
the rest of the wing, especially on the costa; two or three faint cross
lines are included in the discal space, and a very small, hardly visible,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 391

discal spot. Extra-discal line double, the inner one being most distinctly
marked, especially on the veins. It runs inwardly from costa to vein 8,
then outwardly to vein 6, then in an almost straight line to inner margin.
This line is followed by a pale band, then a darker submarginal space
rather wider than usual. Submarginal line indistinct. finely scalloped,
with black marks on inner sides of scallops. Marginal line black, narrow.
Fringe rather long, basal half darker, with dusky spots at ends of veins.

Hind wings with margin slightly flattened at vein 5, paler than fore
wings, but sprinkled with numerous dusky scales ; five straight diffuse dark
lines cross the wing from inner margin to cell; a sixth wavy extra-discal
line completely crosses the wing, and this is followed by the submarginal
space and white submarginal line as on the fore wings; discal spot very
faint.

Beneath bright gray, costa of fore wings marked with about eight dark
spots, indicating commencements of lines as on the fore wings, but the
lines are diffuse and indistinct, and become obsolete before reaching inner
margin ; discal spots distinct, rather large.

Hind wings with six dark lines, two intra- and four extra-discal, discal
points very smail, but distinct.

Type, 1 ¢, Kaslo, 24, iv, 1906, received from Mr. J. W. Cockle.

The species is not uncommon at Kaslo from the middle of April to
the end of May. Dr. Dyar recorded it in his “ Lepidoptera of Kootenai”
as Eupithecia multistrigata, Hulst, a species to which it bears a superficial
resemblance.

4. Eupithecia Hanhami, new species. Expanse, 28 mm. Palpi
short and stout, dusky ; pectus gray.

Front gray, with a black spot in front of each antenna, and some
blackish scales on clypeus. Thorax light gray, with a conspicuous black
transverse bar in advance of the middle, posterior thoracic tuft blackish.

Abdomen dark gray, with the first, third and terminal segments and
the median line on 4th and following segments lighter; dorsal tufts black.

Fore wings slightly lengthened, bright gray ; cross lines distinct,
black. Basal line narrow ; intra-discal line double; median line also
double, angled so as to pass outside the discal dot, which is distinct, large
and round. Extra-discal line marked by a series of short dashes on the
veins ; this is followed by a pale band, brighter than the ground colour of
the wing, divided into two by a narrow blackish line, and followed by
another line indicated by a row of black dots on the veins ; submarginal

392 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

space darker gray, with a submarginal zigzag white line; a marginal line |

of black dashes ; fringe dusky, with darker spots at ends of veins.

Hind wings dark gray, much paler on costal area ; there are traces of
five or six dark lines on inner margin ; the extra-discal line shows as an
irregular.curved line of dots on the veins, extending to the costa; a zigzag
submarginal line, distinct and reaching nearly to the costa; this is followed
by a paler space, and this again by the submarginal space, which is darker;
marginal line and fringe as on the fore wings ; discal spot a distinct black
point. :

Beneath smoky, with the costa of fore wings paler; discal spot
lengthened, black ; extra-discal line marked by a blackish blotch on the
costa; inner boundary of subterminal space marked by a line of black
dots on veins, extending across fore and hind wings ; a pale submarginal
line ; marginal line and fringe as above.

Hind wings with distinct discal dot ; an incompiete basal and a
faintly-indicated extra-discal line ; the distinct submarginal line of black
dots as on fore wing.

Types, two specimens taken by Mr. A. W. Hanham at Victoria, on
fifth June, 1903, and 25th June, 1905, respectively.

5. Eupithecia Bryanti, new species.—Expanse, 18 mm. Palpi
moderate, rather stout, terminal joint deflected.

Front, thorax and all wings of a dark smoky brown, with the cross
lines very faintly indicated ; abdomen of the same colour, with the dorsal
line paler and the dorsal tufts black ; abdomen paler beneath.

Fore wings with basal and intra-discal lines indeterminate; indications
of a double extra-discal and a submarginal line ; a dark marginal line and
a small. round, black discal dot.

Hind wings of exactly the same colour as fore wings, with a small
discal dot and indications of five. cross lines; the first intra-discal, the
second including the discal dot, and the other three extra-discal, rather
thick, wavy, the interspaces pale ; marginal line as on fore wings. There
is an evident indentation in the margin of the hind wings, between veins 5
and 6.

Beneath even, smoky, all the lines showing almost as plainly as above.

Type, 1 9, taken 22nd July, 1905, on the international boundary
line near the Stickeen River, B. C., by Mr. Theodore Bryant.

I have also six cotypes before me, taken at the same place, and dated

13th to 29th July, r905. Mr. Bryant reports the species as very common,

~ “a7 “

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 395

6. Eupithecta obumbrata, new species.—Expanse, 20 mm. Palpi
short and bushy.

General colour of head, thorax, abdomen and wings above a soft
smoky gray, without any brown tinge in the type specimens.

Fore wings with the costa very straight; the inner margin is also
straight and rather long, and the outer margin is well rounded from the
tornus to vein 4, and thence almost straight to the apex.

The markings are not easy to trace in the type specimens, which are
in very good condition, but in a specimen that is a little worn it can be seen
that the basa! space is separated from the median by a double pale line, and
that in the same way the discal and submarginal spaces are separated by a
similar double line or band. In the discal space there is a pale double
line curving regularly out from costa to vein 3 (just missing the very
small, but distinct, discal dot), and thence in a wavy line to the inner
margin. The extra-discal double line is parallel to this. The submarginal
white line is hardly discernible in any specimen I have seen, but its
termination is marked by a very distinct single white dot at anal angle,
margina! line black ; fringe with a pale line at the base, then a rowof dark
spots almost contiguous, outer half of fringe paler.

Hind wings uniformly dark smoky gray ; cross lines indicated by pale
marks on the inner margin, and a few black dots on the veins; fringe as
on fore wings. ‘

Abdomen dark gray, dorsal line paler, two dark spots on each
segment, one on each side of dorsal line.

Beneath, fore wings smoky, without markings basally ; the median
line is marked by two whitish spots on the costa ; a submarginal line is
faintly indicated.

Hind wings paler gray, with dusky scales, and with about six dusky
brown diffuse lines crossing the wing ; discal dots minute black specks.

Types, two females, both taken on soth May, 1903, at Goldstream,
near Victoria, by Mr. A. W. Hanham. This species is nearly allied to
E. scriptaria, Herr. Sch., and to #. Regina, Vaylor, also to Lup. modesta,
described below, but it is, I think, distinct from them all.

I have seen several other specimens taken at Goldsteam, and at
other points in the neighbourhood of Victoria. The dates run from 3oth
April to June 6th.

7. Eupithecia modesta, new species.—Expanse, 21 mm. _ Palpi
rather long, not very heavily scaled,

394 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Head, thorax and fore wings above, blackish brown.

Fore wings with all the margins well rounded ; basal and intra-discal
lines indeterminate ; extra-discal line pale, double, wavy, very faint,
marked inwardly by feeble dark points on the veins; submarginal line pale
(not white, as in so many species), running from the costa in four distinct
scallops, until it almost touches the marginal line, then parallel to outer
margin, but much less distinct, to anal angle.

Hind wing similar in colour to fore wing. Outer margin rather
straight, with slight indentation at vein 5 ; cross lines not evident ; fine
black marginal lines and dotted fringe on all wings.

Beneath paler, markings of upper side reflected faintly ; three dusky
lines cross the fore wing, one just within the discal dot, the second just
without it, the third much broader. There is also a submarginal dusky
line.

Hind wing, two intra-discal and three extra-discal dusky lines; small,
inconspicuous discal dots on all wings.

Abdomen brown above, with a pale dorsal line, most conspicuous on
the first segment ; beneath light gray.

Types, two specimens, ¢ and 9, taken by myself in Stanley Park,
Vancouver, on 6th June, 1905.

8. ELupithecia insignificata, new species.—Expanse, 21 mm. Palpi
long, moderately stout, gray above, darker at sides and below.

Head, thorax and fore wings above, clear gray.

Abdomen a little darker, but with median line, a line at extreme base
and the whole of the terminal segment, paler ; dorsal tufts distinct, black.

Fore wing crossed by many fine blackish lines ; basal line (and two
within it) and double ‘intra-discal line, gently rounded ; discal space with
two included lines, curving outward to pass outside the small black discal
dot ; extra-discal coming out from costa (where it is very distinct) to cell,
then in an irregular course (general direction almost straight) to inner
margin. ‘This line is marked on the veins, by dashes directed inwards.
Beyond the extra-discal line is a pale space, divided by a faint hair line,
and bounded outwardly by a second hair line, both these lines being
parallel to the extra-discal ; submarginal space darker, with faint indica-
tions of the usual submarginal pale line; a marginal line of dashes, very
faint ; fringe long and silky, pale, cut with darker shade at the ends of the
veins,

f
}
.
7
q
d

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 395

Hind wing clear gray on the costa ; indications of five or six dark
lines on inner margin ; only one, the submarginal, running almost across
the wing; marginal line and fringe as on the fore wing; discal dot
minute.

Beneath silvery gray, with two extra-discal lines appearing on all the
wings ; those on the fore wings arise from rather large dusky spots on the
costa ; those on the hind wing are represented by dots on the veins.
Discal spots distinct on all the wings; fringes and marginal lines as above.

This species is a rather common one, appearing very early in the
year (about the middle of March), at Sallow bloom, and continuing on the
wing until about the end of May. It has been taken at Wellington,
Victoria and Vancouver. The specimen I have marked as type is one in
very perfect condition, and was taken by me at Wellington on rsth April,
1904.

9. ELupithecta sublineata, new variety 2—This is a form occurring
with &. znsignificata, but differing from that species in having the fore
wing longer and narrower, and the outer margin straighter. The discal
spot on the fore wing is larger, and the marginal lines on the under sides
of the wings are heavier.

It is quite likely that this may be a distinct species, but perhaps for
the present it will be better to consider it as a variety of 4. insignificata.

The specimen I have marked as type is labelled Wellington, 18th
April, 1904.

10. Eupithecia perbrunneata, new species.—In Dr. Dyar’s paper on
Kootenai Lepidoptera (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxvii, p. 890), he writes:
‘“A specimen in Mr. Cockle’s collection comes near the European
fariciata. ‘The markings are more pronounced and contrasted, the outer
pale band being broader and less obscured by its centering line. The
discal dots on both wings are well marked.”

I have seen this specimen, and have two others quite like it from Kaslo,
and also a specimen taken by myself at Victoria many years ago.

I have compared them carefully with British specimens, received
through the kindness of Mr. Prout, and am quite satisfied that our B. C.
species is not Zariciata. ‘This name must, therefore, be struck off our list,
and Eupithecta perbrunneata substituted. The species may be described
as follows :

Expanse, 23 mm. Palpi moderate, rather stout, dark brown.

396 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Head and thorax brown of various shades, the front being the
darkest and the collar the palest.

Abdomen above pale brown, the second segment darker, the dorsal
tufts black, tipped with white.

Fore wings rather long, the costal margin being at least one and a
half times as long as the inner margin ; outer margin well rounded. The
fore wings are lightly scaled, the scales being brown, with a tinge of
ochreous; there are traces of three or four diffuse lines in the basal area, but
the form of them cannot be made out clearly in any of my specimens.

The first distinct line is the intra-discal ; this is followed by a median line,
bent outward to pass the discal spot, and an extra-discal line. These
three lines are parallel to each other, and are all of them very distinct on
the costa, where they appear as conspicuous blotches. The extra-discal
line is punctuated on the veins by dashes pointing inwards. The discal
spot is large and darker than the other markings of the wing.

Beyond the extra-discal line is a pale band, widest on the costa, and
divided by a fine hair line ; the submarginal space is darker than the rest
of the wings, and is a tittle wider than usual. The submarginal wavy pale
line is conspicuous on the costa ; on the inner side of it on the costa is a
double brown blotch; the line itself, though distant nearly 2 mm. from the
apex of the wing at its commencement, almost touches the outer margin
at the tornus.

There is a marginal line of rather heavy dashes between the veins ;
the fringe is long, pale at the base, but with darker spots on the median
line.

Hind wings, clear in the costal region, but with six brown lines
marked on the inner margin, only one of which extends beyond the middle
of the wing ; discal dots well marked ; fringe as on fore wing.

Beneath, fore wings clear at the base, and aloug inner margin; the
commencements of the median and extra-discal lines appear as blotches on
the costa, and there is also a large dark apical blotch, corresponding with
the costal portion of the submarginal band of the upper side, and this is
divided by the reflection of the pale submarginal line.

Hind wings with traces of four cross lines, two intra-discal and two

extra-discal, the outermost extra-discal line being marked by rather long
dashes on the veins.

or

a

VX

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 397

The discal dots on all wings as above, but those on the fore wings are
rather smaller, and those on the hind wings rather larger than on the upper
side.

The three type specimens mentioned above are labelled respectively
Kaslo, 23rd May, 19¢4 ; Kaslo, 2nd June, 1904, and Victoria, gth May,
1888.

11. Lucymatoge Vancouverata, new species.—Expanse 25 to 30 mm.
Papi long, stout, deflected, dark brown.

Front and anterior portion of thorax paler brown; the rest of the
thorax darker, with a transverse white bar in front of the middle. Patagia
gray.

; The wings have a very variegated appearance, the ground colour and
colour of the lines ranging from bright chestnut, through many shades of
brown, to nearly black.

Abdomen mottled gray and brown, second segment with a black
transverse band ; dorsal abdominal tufts blackish.

Fore wing with basal line very near to the base, strongly angled at
the celi ; discal space bounded inwardly by three dark brown wavy lines,
running out from the costa to vein 8, then at right angles to the imner
margin. ;

The discal space is of various shades of brown and gray, darker in
the neighbourhood of the intra- and extra-discal lines, and much paler
around the large, linear, bright brown discal spot. There are three brown

lines in the discal space, all more conspicuous on the costa.

The extra-discal line is distinct, dark brown, parallel with the intra-
discal, shaded within, and marked with darker dashes on some of the
veins ; paralleled outwardly by two other dark brown wavy lines; a bright,
distinct, white zigzag submarginal line, edged inwardly with dark brown ;
submarginal space of a grayer shade, with the veins darker; a thin, black,
marginal line ; fringe pale, with dark spots at ends of the veins.

Hind wing well rounded, crossed by about seven dark lines, some-
times extending almost to the costa; submarginal line not nearly so
distinct as on fore wing; marginal line and fringe as on fore wing; a small
dark discal point.

Beneath smoky, fore wing showing traces of lines beyond discal spot.

Hind wing with about five lines, showing mostly as spots on the veins;
discal spots distinct, those on the fore wings being smaller and those on

O98 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

the hind wings larger than those on the upper side ; marginal line and
fringe as above.

Legs and under side of thorax and abdomen pale.

This is a very fine species, belonging to the same group as the
Lucymatoge Grefii of Hulst, as identified by Dr. Dyar, but differing from
that species in having the discal spots on the fore wings bright brown
instead of black.

I have before me many specimens taken at Wellington between roth
Apmil and 24th August, these dates appearing to indicate two broods. The
specimen I have marked as type is labelled Wellington, 3rd July, 1903.

12. Hustroma -Harveyata, new species.—Expanse, 34 mm. Palpi
moderate, not very stout, porrect.

Front and thorax purplish brown.

Fore wings, which are of the same size and shape as in Zustroma
destinata, Moeschler, are bright yellow, with the markings purplish brown.

Basal line strongly angled at cell ; basal space purplish brown, with
traces of two darker included lines ; space between basal line and median
band yellow, about 2 mm. wide, with a central purple shade.

Median band purple brown, a little wider on the costa, where it
occupies more than one-third of the wing, than on the inner margin ; two
cross lines within this band show as yellow marks on the costa, and again
faintly on the inner margin ; the inner edge of the median band is parallel
to the basal line ; the outer edge forms a slight outward curve from the
costa to vein 5, then three blunt scallops pointing outward between veins
5 and 4, 4 and 3, 3 and 2 (the scallops projecting considerably into the
extra-discal space), then three smaller scallops in a nearly straight line to
the inner margin.

The extra-discal space is yellow, with a submarginal scalloped line of
a paler shade, the inner side of eacn scallop marked with purple; a
purplish lunule on outer margin, below apex of wing.

Hind wing with basal two-thirds purple, with two darker lines, one
median and the other bounding the purple ; the outer portion of the wing
is yellow, with a zigzag purple submarginal line ; marginal lunules purple.

Beneath, the markings of the upper side are reflected, but the whole
of the fore wing, to extra-discal line, is purple, and on the hind wing there
is a small purple discal spot, not visible on the upper side.

ae

N
4

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 399

This species was first taken by Mr. R. V. Harvey, in Stanley Park,
Vancouver (11th July, 1904), and has since then been taken in the same
locality by other persons.

I have also seen a long series of specimens taken by Mr. T. Bryant,
near the Stickeen River. The species also occurs, I think, at Kaslo, and
is recorded in Dr. Dyar’s ‘‘ Lepidoptera of Kootenai” under Lustroma
populata.

The type specimen is a male, labelled ‘‘Stickeen R., July 28th, 1905,
T. Bryant.”

This species is a near ally of the Z. destznata of Moeschler, and might
turn out to be a colour variety of that species.

13. Zenophleps Victoria, new species.—Expanse, 30mm. The species
is very nearly allied to Z. /ignicolorata, Pack. From that insect it differs
in the ground colour, which is a very pale coffee colour (as in the “Ochyria
Gueneata” of Packard), quite different to the usual gray or wood brown of
Z. lignicolorata, and in the form of the extra-discal line on the fore wing.
This line in Z /égnicolorata leaves the costa with an outward curve, and
has a large tooth projecting outwards between veins 2 and 5. In Z.
Victoria the whole line is almost straight in its general direction, and has
only a very slight projection at vein 4, in place of the prominent tooth.

I have only seen two specimens, both taken by Mr. A. W. Hanham
near Victoria. One of these, which is a @, dated 29th August, 1901, he
has generously placed in my collection, and I have labelled it as the type
of the species.

14. Hydriomena autumnatts, Strom.? var. Codumbiata, new variety.—
Expanse, 40 mm. I propose this name for a form which has so far been
taken only on Vancouver Island, and which is nearer to some of the
lighter varieties of the European autummnadis than to any of our character-
istically western Hydriomenas.

It differs from autumnadis in the larger size and the proportionately
longer wings, in the clearer, pale greenish ground colour, and the more
distinct lines aud bands, which in their form and direction are very nearly
as in 4. autumnalis.

It would, perhaps, not be worth while to give this form a distinctive
name, but for the fact that it differs very materially from another form
common in the Stikeen region, which appears to represent typical
autumnadis in this Province.

400 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The insect usually labelled A autumnalis or H. trifasciata in
western collections is, in my opinian, Aydriomena ruberata, Freyer, a
name which must now be added to our North American lists.

My four specimens of 4. Codumbiata are dated Victoria, 29th March,
1903, and Wellington, 16th, 23rd and 27th May, 1904. The one taken
on the 16th of May bears the type label.

15. /ydriomena manzanita, new species.—Expanse, 43 mm. Palpi
short ana stout, deflected.

Antenne of male thickened, very finely ciliate below. Head and
thorax dark slate colour. Abdomen pale brown.

Fore wings, costa strongly bent at base, rather straighter than usual for
the remainder of its length; colour of wing slate gray, with a bluish tinge
in some places. Cross lines very indistinct.

Basal line acutely angled on median vein ; intra-discal line directed
outward from costa to median vein, where it is twice as far from the base

as at its origin on the costa; thence at right angles to inner margin.

Extra-discal line rather wide, evenly curved outwardly from costa to inner
margin, and marked on the veins with black dashes ; submarginal shade
smoky gray, three times as wide at the costa as on the inner margin.

There is a bluish shade on the inner side of the extra-discal line,
extending from the costa to the median vein, and a blotch. of the same
colour on the costa beyond the extra-discal line ; there is also a faint sub-
marginal line of the same colour dislocated and enlarged at the costa. In
very fresh specimens there is sometimes a narrow line of this blue colour
bordering the extra-discal line on both sides, and the submarginal shade
on its inner margin. Fringe short, of the ground colour of the wing.

Hind wing sickly. pale brown, lighter basally, with a darker median
line and broad submarginal band.

Beneath without markings, fore wing smoky, hind wing pale brown.

This is a very distinct species, not likely to be confused with any
other American form. I have found the larve commonly feeding
concealed between the leaves of the Arbutus tree. ‘The perfect insect
emerges from the pupa early in April, and continues on the wing until the
first week in May. It has not so far been found on the mainland of B.
C., but is not rare on Vancouver Island.

The type specimen is a ¢, labelled Wellington, 21st April, 1903.

16. Xanthorhoe pontiaria, new species.—Expanse, 35 mm. This
species, together with the next to be described, passed in the old

———

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 401

collections as X. fuctuata, and it may be best described by comparing
it with that species. X. fluctuata is one of the commonest of the
Kuropean Geometride, and 1s also abundant in the eastern part of this
continent. I have, therefore, been able to secure a fine series for com-
parison.

X. pontiarta is larger and paler, and the median band is not nearly
so black and contrasting as in fuctuata. The intra-discal line in pontiarza
is even and regular in its course (as in_X. defensaréa, for instance), while in
fuctuata it 1s very irregular, encroaching on the median band at the veins,
particularly at vein 8. The extra-discal line in the same way has many
sharp angles in fuctuata, which angles are all rounded off in pontiaria.

In fresh specimens of pont/aria there is a slight tinge of pink in the
central band, which is never seen in fluctuata.

I have four good specimens of pontiarta before me, namely, one male,
Salem, Oregon, 2nd June, 1904, and three females, Wellington, zoth June,
1g05; 26th June, 1904, and 23rd May, 1905. The last named I have
labelled as a type.

17. Aanthorhoe fossaria, new species.—Expanse, 35 mm. This is
a species somewhat nearer to the munztata group than the one last
described.

It has been sent to me from Laggan, 6,850 feet altitude, and from
Mount Cheam, B. C,, having been taken in the former locality by Mr. F.
H. Wolley Dod, and in the latter by Messrs. Harvey and Bush. It is
evidently a mountain-loving species, and the scaling of the wings is of that
peculiar hairy character so often seen in forms from high altitudes or
extreme northern localities.

The wings are long, rather narrow and pointed, the inner margin
being shorter than in mzvztata and its allies.

The colours are dull, and all the markings are obscure, the usual lines
being present, but not easily made out. There is a dull pinkish shade
overspreading the median band. ‘The intra-discal line is much straighter
than in convallaria or nemorella.

The marginal line is made up of almost contiguous black dashes, not
of distinct dots in pairs, one on each side of each vein, as in fluctuata and
pontiarta; and the fringe is dusky, with a darker line centrally, and lacks
the dark spots at the ends of the veins, which are so distinct in the two
species last named.

402 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLUUIS'T.

I have before me four specimens, three males and one female, from
Laggan, Alberta, all dated zoth July, 1904, and two others, both males,
from Mt. Cheam, Bb. C., dated 5th August, 1903 (Mr. A. H. Bush.)

One of these Cheam specimens bears my type label.

18. Leptomeris subfuscata, new species.—Expanse, 30 mm, ‘The
whole insect, except the front, which is a little darker, is of soft warm fawn
colour, of a much redder tint than the common Lots inductata.

On the fore wings are three distinct lines, darker than the ground
colour; the intra-discal and median lines are heavy and diffuse,
running out at a sharp angle from the costa for a very short distance, and
then in a nearly straight line parallel to the outer margin, to the inner
margin. The extra-discal line is narrow, distinct, wavy, darker than the
other lines, parallel to them.

The submarginal space is divided by a pale wavy line, parallel to the
outer margin of the wing ; the fringe is concolorous with the submarginal
space, from which it is separated by a very fine and faint black marginal
line.
All the lines of the fore wings are continued on the hind wings, but
the median and extra-discal lines are here rather farther apart.

Beneath the basal line is absent, but all the other markings are as
above, only much more distinct than on the upper side.

The discal points are usually absent (not always) above, but are
quite distinct beneath.

I have seven males and two females of this species.

The types, ¢ and 9, were taken at Goldsteam, near Victoria, by
Mr. A. W. Hanham, on 24th May, tgo2, and 7th June, 1903, respectively.
I have another pair from Goldsteam dated 7th June and 26th June ; three
males from Victoria, 30th May, and three males from Vernon, sent to me
by Mr. R. V. Harvey, who took them on the rrth and 15th August, 1904.

This species stood in our collections for a time as Hots inductata, and
later as Cinglis fuscata (which does occur also in B. C.), but the generic
characters will serve to distinguish it from either of these species.

19. Detlinia Bryantaria, new species.—Expanse, 30 mm. This
species belongs to the same section as D. erythemaria and D. pacificaria.

It seems at first sight to be very near to the last named, but it differs
in the following particulars :

The front is not ochreous, but white, with a blackish bar in front of
the antenne, as in Diastictis.

SS Se ee

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGISY!. 403

The wings are a little shorter and wider than in facificaria, and are
dusted all over quite thickly with cinereous specks, not strize, as in the
two species above named. The cross lines on all wings are faint, but
appear to be more evenly rounded and less wavy than in erythemaria and
pacificaria.

Beneath, the dense dusting gives a very different appearance to the
scattered strigations in the other species.

This species was found by Mr. T. Bryant, on the international
boundary line, near the Stickeen River, in the early part of June, 1905.
He reports the species as being rather common.

The type specimen in my cabinet is dated 13th June, 1905, and isa ¢.

20. Enypia Packardata, new species,—

= Cleora umbrosaria, Packard, Monograph, p. 453, and PI. xi,
fig. 33, 1876 (part) ;

not Cleora umbrosaria, Packard, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
LVi, 23. LO 74.

Packard described Cleora umbrosaria in 1874, from one male,
received from Hy. Edwards, and taken in California. He distinctly states
that the antenne were ‘ broadly pectinated.” Had it not possessed this
character he would certainly not have placed it in the genus C/eora.

In his Monograph, two years later, Packard republishes his descrip-
tion, but speaks of having at that time four males, two at least being from
Vancouver Island, collected by Crotch.

One of these Vancouver Island specimens he figures, and strangely
enough depicts it with fpectinated antenne. But whether Packard’s
original Vancouver Island specimens had pectinated antennz or not, it is
quite certain that no such specimens exist in our collections to-day. I am
quite prepared to believe that the original Californian type of wmbrosaria
had, as Packard states, broadly pectinated antennz, and though for the mo-
ment the species has been lost sight of, it will, I am confident, some day
be rediscovered, but our B. C. species cannot be the same, and, therefore,
needs a new name.

It is not a Cleora, nor is it a Wepytia, as Hulst styles wmbrosarza in
his latest catalogue, for in both these genera the males have fully
pectinated antenne, but it is a near ally of Axyfia venata, and like that
species has in the male simple, slightly-thickened antenne.

I propose to call it

Enypia Packardata, new species.—Expanse, 40 mm. Palpi short,
third joint deflected.

A404 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Front and vertex grayish white; antenne dark gray, slightly thickened
in the male.

Thorax smoky gray ; abdomen above, white.

All wings pale gray, with numerous dark gray striations.

Fore wing crossed by two scalloped blackish lines ; the intra-diseal
consists of four scallops rounded outwardly ; this line has its origin on the
costa, nearer the base than usual, and reaches the inner margin about
one-third out from base. The extra-discal line leaves the costa about
2 mm. from the apex, and reaches the inner margin at about double that
distance from the anal angle. It consists of a series of scallops, rounded
inwardly, but produced outwardly as points or dashes on the veins. The
scallops between veins 1 and 2, and between veins 4 and 6, are much
iarger than the others. There is no marginal line; the fringe is concolorous
with the wing, with dusky points at the ends of the veins.

Hind wing similar in colour, but with only the extra-discal line
present.

Discal spot, on fore wing lengthened, on hind wing an indistinct
point.

Beneath paler ; space between vein 2 and the inner margin of fore
wing quite clear of striz ; discal spot and extra-discal line faintly indicated
on the fore wing, the line showing most strongly in three black spots
below costa ; the dots on the fringe at the ends of the veins are blacker
and much more distinct below than above,

This species is well figured (except as regards the antennz, which are
quite incorrect) in Packard’s Monograph, Pl. xi, fig. 33.

I have described it from six specimens, all taken at Wellington, and
dated June 20th to August 16th. The earliest specimen, a male, is
indicated as type.

A female specimen from Mt. Cheam, B. C., given to me by Dr.
Fletcher, differs in having all the cross lines bordered with a dusky shade,
and in being brown instead of gray in all markings.

All the types referred to in this paper are in my own cabinet.

Eupithecia Youngata, n. sp.*—Expanse, 25 mm.—Palpi not very
long, bushy, blackish.

*Reprinted by request from ‘‘ The Ottawa Naturalist,’ Vol. XIX, No. 12,
March, 1906, pages 226-7.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 405

Front dusky, cinereous. ‘Thorax brown, with a dark transverse band
anteriorly. Abdomen as thorax, 2nd segment a little darker, posterior
edge of each segment whitish.

Fore wings obtuse at apex, outer margin well rounded, same colour
as thorax, the costa rather darker and the cross lines distinctly lighter
than the ground colour ; basal line double, very irregular, being angled
sharply outwardly at cell and below vein 2 ; median line also double, not
well marked, making a sharp outward angle to include the conspicuous
black discal dot, then running in an almost straight line to middle of inner
margin ; extra-discal line also double, dislocated at vein 6, then in a
regular curve parallel to outer margin ; both median and extra-discal lines
show in more or less well defined whitish spots on veins 2 to 6 inclusive ;
and there are short black dashes on each of these veins between the
median and extra-discal lines; submarginal line white, conspicuous,
Tegularly scalloped at each vein, and forming a distinct V at anal angle; a
fine black marginal line ; fringe dotted with dark brown between veins.

Hind wings well rounded, lighter brown than fore wings, with six
darker lines ; the first two are basal, and do not extend further from inner
margin than to vein 2; the next two lines are extra-discal and almost
complete ; the two outer lines extend completely across the wing ; a very
small and faint discal dot ; marginal line and fringe as on fore wings.

Beneath paler; fore wings with a linear discal dot, and the extra-
discal markings of the upper surface reproduced ; basal portion of wings
without markings except a dark spot on the costa, indicating the position
of basal line.

Hind wings as above, but with all the lines more regular, and reaching
to the costa ; the discal spot is distinct, black ; first extra-discal line is
diffuse and very evident ; the three outer lines appear as spots between
the veins, the outermost line being least conspicuous. The under side of
thorax and of the basal segments of the abdomen is very pale, almost
white, but the posterior portion of the abdomen is nearly black.

Type, one specimen, Meach Lake, Ottawa, 7th June, 1905, C. H.
Young. Co-types, two specimens, Catskill Mountains, 2nd and roth July,
tgot (No. 1), R. F. Pearsall. Named after Mr. Young, from whom was
received the very beautiful and absolutely perfect specimen which is
designated the type of the species.

406 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

NOTES ON HEMIPTERA TAKEN BY W. J. PALMER, NEAR
LAKE TEMAGAMI, ONT.

BY E. P. VAN DUZEE, BUFFALO, N. Y.

‘These notes refer to a small but interesting collection of Hemiptera
taken about Lake Temagami in August, 1906, by my friend, Mr. William
J. Palmer, of Buffalo. Before starting for a brief vacation trip to
northern Ontario, Mr. Palmer very kindly offered to collect Hemiptera
for me as time and circumstances would permit. On four days only was
he able to do any collecting, but considering the unfavourable conditions,
the results were remarkably good, both as to the amount and character of
the material brought home. This material represents sixty-two species,
including several very interesting forms, and four that may prove to be
still undescribed. Among the more interesting species taken may be
mentioned Plagiognathus annulatus, Uhler, Dréculacephala Manitobiana,
Ball, Zhamnotettix eburata, Van Duzee, Thamnotettix waidana, Ball,
Thamnotettix Smithit, Van Duzee, and Cicadula lepida, Van Duzee. In
the case of five of these six species the known range has been considerably
extended. The rediscovery of Zhamuotettix eburata shows conclusively
that this is a boreal species, probably having the southern limit of its
range in the Adirondack Mts. It is not unlikely that it will yet be found
in the White Mts., and possibly elsewhere in northern New England.

The particular localities where collections were made by Mr. Palmer,
and the dates, are as follows : Red Cedar Lake, August 9th: Fox Island,
at the other end of Red Cedar Lake, on August 1oth ; the lumber camp
on Island Lake, August 12th; and Swamp Creek, August 14th. All
of these places are within forty or fifty miles of Lake Temagami, in a
south-easterly direction.

Banasa dimidiata, Say.—One large and deeply-coloured example
was taken at the Island Lake lumber camp on August 12th.

Podisus serieventris, Uhler.—One fine large specimen from Red
Cedar Lake, August gth. As stated in my Annotated List of North
America Pentatomide, I distinguish this species from macudliventris by
the short ventral spine, less acute humeri, etc. The present example is
fully as large as any I have seen of macudiventris, and is much more deeply
coloured, with the wings of a rich metallic green, and some of the
punctures, especially on the pronotum, tinged with the same colour.

Ligyrocorts contractus, Say.—One specimen from Red Cedar Lake,

August 9th, and one from Swamp Creek, both females. I have this
December, 1906

_—_ =

YHE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 407

species from Lake Placid, in the Adirondacks, and from Montreal, and
what is probably the same species was taken at Beulah, N. M., by Dr.
Henry Skinner.

Corythuca, sp.—This is the most abundant Tingid throughout the
northern States and Canada. It is closely allied to arcuata and juglandis,
and is the ‘‘ small variety ” of avcwata mentioned in my list of Muskoka
Hemiptera. Ten examples from Fox Island and one from Swamp Creek
are in this lot.

Coriscus incriptus, Kirby.—Island Lake lumber camp, August r2th.

Coriscus vicarius, Reut.—Taken at Island Lake and Red Cedar Lake.
This species seems to be common toward the north. I took it in
abundance at Lake Placid, in the Adirondacks. 1 cannot follow Kirkaldy
in placing this as a synonym of Coriscus propinguus, Reut.

Miris affinis, Reut.—Taken at all localities.

Phytocoris extmus, Reut.—Swamp Creek, August r4th.

Phytocoris pallidicornis, Reut.—Red Cedar Lake. Several examples.

Lygus, sp. nov.—Swamp Creek, August 14th, A. very pretty red
species.

Lygus pratensis, Linn.—Apparently common with its variety flavo-
notatus, Prov.

Lygus invitus, Say.—Several taken at Island Lake lumber camp,
August 12th.

Lygus pabulinus, Linn.—A few with the preceding.

Pecilocapsus lineatus, Fabr.—One example from Fox Island, in Red
Cedar Lake.

Monolocoris filicis, Linn.—Apparently common.

Neoborus, sp. nov.—Island Lake, August 12th, and Swamp Creek.

Macrolophus separatus, Uhler.—Island Lake, August 12th, three
examples. These differ from specimens from Maryland and Florida now
in my collection, in being proportionately longér and more slender, with
the colours somewhat paler and the markings more clearly defined.
What seems to be a smaller form of the same species I found in numbers
on bushes at Gordon Town, near Kingston, Jamaica. This would give
the species a very wide distribution. It is a pretty insect, and closely
resembles Dicyphus.

Rhinocapsus Vanduzet, Uhler.—One specimen was taken at Red
Cedar Lake, August gth.

408 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Orthotylus chlorionis, Say.—Several from Red Cedar Lake and
Island Lake.

Plagiognathus obscurus, Uhler.—Several large and clearly-marked
examples of this common species were taken at the several localities.

Plagiognathus politus, Uhler.—Swamp Creek, August 14th, and
Island Lake.

Plagiognathus annulatus, Uhler.—A very black little species, of which
two examples were taken at Island Lake, August 12th. Kindly
determined for ne by Mr. Otto Heidemann.

Ceresa brevicornis, Fitch.—One small male was taken on Fox Island
in Red Cedar Lake. Mr. Palmer kept a close watch for the Membracide,
but this was the only species taken.

Otiocerus Coguerberti, Kirby.—One pair of this pretty species was
taken at Island Lake, August 12th. The elytra are more suffused with
yellow than in the specimen from western New York.

Cixius stigmatus, Say.—Apparently abundant. In this material
there is a conspicuous blackish vitta before the middle of the elytra in
the female. The male elytra shows but faint traces of this maculation,
but in both sexes there is a fuscous spot on the stigmata, and the nervures
are conspicuously dotted. In the eastern States and Canada we have
at least three closely-allied species of C7xzus, that I identify as follows :

a. Vertex triangularly and subacutely produced anteriorly, its apex very
nearly attaining the base of the front, and almost bisecting the
transverse compartment on the apex of the head. Front clypeus
and mesonotum black, with the facial carine pale. Styles of the
males broad, about equalling the pygofers.............stigmatus.

—. Vertex obtusely rounded before, not nearly attaining the base of the
front, transverse compartment much Jess narrowed at the middle.
Styles of the male distinctly shorter than the pygofers.......... b.

b. Larger, piceous brown, becoming blackish on the front, sides of the

mesonotum, and on the abdomen. Elytra with very faint brownish

clouds, or almost transparent, with dotted nervures.........-f2#.
-. Smaller. Black, with the carine more or less pale; elytra more
strongly spotted and dotted on the nervures....... ... colepium.

Delphax furcata, Prov. ?—One female taken at Island Lake agrees
with Provancher’s short description and my former determination of this

species, except that the front and vertex are black. It may be a large
dark form of fe//ucida, but I believe when the male is placed it will prove
distinct.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 409

Lepyronia quadrangularia. Say.—Two from Island Lake, and one
very dark example from Fox Isiand, in Red Cedar Lake.

Aphrophora parallela, Say.
August gth.

One example from Red Cedar Lake,

Aphrophora Saratogensis, Fitch.—One pair taken with the preceding.

Clastoptera obtusa, Say.—Very abundant at all stations. Generally
taken on willows. These individuals average much darker than those
from New York State.

Clastoptera proteus, ¥itch.—This species seems also to have been
abundant, especially about Red Cedar Lake. Nearly all the specimens
brought home by Mr. Palmer were of the black form. These have only
the lower surface of the face and the legs yellow, and the apex of the elytra,
and sometimes the base of the costal area, are brownish ; a few have two
transverse bands on the front of the pronotum, the clavus, except a broad
longitudinal median vitta, and an oblique vitta across the middle of the
corium, yellow.

Gypona flavilineata, Fitch.—Two females were taken at Red Cedar
Lake, August oth.

Gypona Quebecensis, Prov.i—Two males and two females and larve
were taken at Island Lake and Red Cedar Lake. This species is now
generally placed as a synonym of the preceding, but [I still think it should
be kept distinct, although on further study the name may have to be sunk
as a synonym of one of Burmeister’s unidentified species. It may be
distinguished from /lavi/ineata by its smaller size, deeper green colour,
longer vertex, more approximate ocelli, more numerous transverse
nervures on the elytra, and different form of the last ventral segment of
the female. This seems to be a more northern form, which I have taken
about Buffalo from Hemlock bushes.

Diedrocephala coccinea, Forster.—Numerous specimens of this insect
were brought home by Mr. Palmer. Apparently they were common and
generally distributed.

Dreculacephala Noveboracensis, Fitch.—Several were taken at Red
Cedar Lake, and one at the Island Lake lumber camp. These specimens
are a little smaller, with the black markings of the vertex more distinct
than in those captured about Buffalo.

Dreculacephala Manitobiana, Ball.—One male taken at Swamp
Creek, August 14th. This individual agrees in all respects with Prof.
Ball’s figure and description, except that the male plates are’ distinctly

410 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

narrower and more produced, being intermediate in form between his
figures representing JZanitobiana and Woveboracensis. He records it
from Colorado and Manitoba. This is its first recorded occurrence in the —
east of which I am aware.

Bythoscopus fenestratus, Fitch.—One strongly-marked female from
Island Lake.

Bythoscopus prunt, Prov.—Island Lake lumber camp, August rath. .

Idiocerus Provanchert, Van Iuzee.—One individual taken at Island

Lake.
Idiocerus suturalis, Fitch, var. /unaris, Ball.— Three males and three
females are among the material from Island Lake.
Agallia sanguinolenta, Prov —Taken at Island Lake and Red Cedar
Lake.
Platymetopius acutus, Say.—TYaken at all stations, and apparently
common. i
Athysanus parallelus, Van Duzee.—One male taken at Island Lake. ,

Athysanus vaccinit, Van Duzee.—Red Cedar Lake. I have taken
this species at Hamburg and Lake Placid, N. Y.; Woodbine, N. J.; and
in Colerado.
Athysanus striatulus, Fallen.—Swamp Creek, August 14th. One ]
pale example that I believe should be referred here as this species is i
identified by Osborn and Ball.
Scaphoideus tmmistus, Say.—Island Lake. One example.
Thamnotettix eburata, Van Duzee.—Mr. Palmer brought home a
good series of this northern species, taken at all localities where he-
collected. Since describing this species in 1889 I have seen but one ;
additional specimen, taken by Mrs. Slosson, near Lake Champlain. |
Thamnotetiix, sp.—One example from near Island Lake.
E Thamnotettix subcupreus, Prov.—Apparently not at all rare at Island
Lake. I have recently taken it as far south as Cape May, N. J.
Thamnotettix waldana, Ball.—One male and four female examples
from Swamp Creek, August 14th. These agree well with Prof. Ball’s
description, but two individuals are a little darker and more clearly
marked, with almost the entire length of the claval nervures, and some
interruptions on the discal nervures of the corium white.
Thamnotettix inornata, Van Duzee.—One example taken on Fox
Island, Red Cedar Lake.

Thamnotettix Smithi, Van Duzee.—One female from Swamp Creek.
This example agrees in every essential particular with my description of

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 411

the male. Unfortunately the tip of the abdomen has been so compressed
it is impossible to describe exactly the form of the last ventral segment,
but apparently it is short and truncated or feebly rounded behind, withcut
a median notch; the pygofers are long, yellowish, with the narrow
margins and the oviduct deep black. The. yellow margin of the con-
nexivum is narrower than in the male.

Cicadula 6-notata, Fallen.—Island Lake, August 12th.

Cicadula lepida, Van Duzee?—Two females that seem to be pale

examples of this species were taken at Island Lake and on Fox Island, in
Red Cedar Lake.

Cicadu/a, sp.—One example from Island Lake.

Gnathodus viridis, Osborn.—One unusually large example from Red
Cedar Lake. This has the basal angles of the scutellum infuscated, but
does not seem to differ otherwise.

Empoasca atrolabis, Gillette.—One specimen taken at Island Lake,
August 12th.

Empoasca unicolor, Gillette. Several from Swamp Creek. I have
taken this species at Milan, Ohio, and in numbers at Hamburg, N. Y. It
is a little larger and deeper green than Emfoasca obtusa, Walsh.

Empoasca mali, Le Baron.—A pair of this‘species is in the material
from Fox Island.

Typhlocyba tenerrima, H. S.—Two examples of this European
species were taken at Swamp Creek.

Psylla carpini, Fitch.—Island Lake? Three examples. In a revision
of this group this name will have to be changed, as it is preoccupied by
an European species in the same genus.

Livia, sp.—One specimen, too immature to admit of correct deter-
mination.

THE PUPATION OF EUVANESSA ANTIOPA, L.

BY JAMES FLETCHER, OTTAWA.

On the morning of November 8th I was fortunate enough to watch
the pupation of a caterpillar of Euvanessa antiopa, L.. The operation has
often been described, but it seems worth while putting another observation
on record, which was carefully watched by Mr. Arthur Gibson and myself,

from the time the larval skin first burst until the cremaster was firmly
December, Be.

412 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIS1.

fixed in the silk. The chrysalis first appeared through the black skin as
a white dash in the middle of the second thoracic segment. This slit was
gradually enlarged by the contortions of the chrysalis, the split running
down the body very slowly until the head portion was withdrawn from
the skin. After that, by a continuation of laboured expansions and
contractions of the body, the skin was gradually worked back until it

reached the last segment but one of the chrysalis on the dorsal side; but
the head and first segments of the larval skin had then only just passed
the tips of the wing-cases on the ventral side. Then the skin was
gradually slipped back two more segments on the ventral side, after which
the cremaster was withdrawn from beneath the skin and was, evidently
with much exertion, slowly pushed up until it reached the pad of silk.
Here, immediately it touched the siik, it was worked round and round
vigorously, and there was a distinct discharge of a pinkish glutinous liquid,
by which the cremastral hooks were apparently cemented into the silk,
and which gave a pink tinge to the part where the hooks were attached.
I was surprised to see this liquid, and at once asked Mr. Gibson to
confirm the observation through a lens, which he did. By the twisting
of the body the cast-off skin was now gradually worked off, and the
chrysalis continued for about 15 seconds twisting the cremaster into the
silk. The whole operation, from the time the skin burst until the
chrysalis was attached to the silk, was 12 and 15 seconds, but the
chrysalis did not take its permanent hardened form for an hour afterwards,
and the thorax remained white and facelike for some hours.

As far as we could observe, there was no grasping of the larval skin
between the abdominal segments of the chrysalis, but the moisture with
which the whole surface of the new chrysalis was bathed seemed sufficient
to hold it to the skin and keep it from falling until the cremastral hooks
were worked into the silk.

The larva was one of a belated brood which was collected on
Saturday, October 27th. There had been several sharp frosts, and the
thermometer was almost at the freezing point when these caterpillars were
rescued. The leaves on the willow tree where they were found were
mostly frostbitten or ripened to a yellowish colour. When brought into
the office, the most of them recovered and fed, but a few were apparently
too far starved and died.

Pupation of those which survived took place from Nov. 5th to 12th.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 413

A CASE OF PSEUDOPARASITISM BY DIPTEROUS LARV 4.
BY WILLIAM A. RILEY, CORNELL UNIVERSITY.

Recently a medical friend, Dr. A. E. Ayler, called my attention to
some ‘“‘worms” which he had found under peculiar conditions.

A patient, an elderly lady of one of the best families, was suffering
from a malignant tumor—a melanotic sarcoma—located in the small of
the back. The tumor was about the size of a large walnut. On exam-
ination the doctor was surprised to find, close to the stalk and between
the tumor and the body, some ten or twelve ‘‘worms,” which were feeding
upon the diseased tissues. Although they had irritated and caused a
slight hemorrhage, neither the patient or others of the family knew of their
presence. Any discomfort which they had caused had’ been attributed to
the sarcomatous growth.

Four of the specimens, which proved to be dipterous larve, had been
preserved alive. Although they were for three days without food, they
pupated, and, about a week later, there emerged two adults of the genus
Sarcophaga. From my knowledge of analagous cases I assumed that the
species was the common European S. carnaria, but on looking the matter
up more fully I find that this species does not occur in the United States,

and that the references to it ‘undoubtedly refer to other species, probably
several” (Aldrich, Cat. N. Am. Diptera, p. 511). Dr. O. A. Johannsen
has kindly examined the flies forme. Unfortunately, the specimens were
females, but he states that they probably belong to an undescribed
species.

The infestation occurred during the latter part of August. It is
probabie that the adult was attracted by the odour of the discharges, and
deposited the eggs or living maggots upon the diseased tissues. This
might readily be accomplished so quickly as to completely escape notice.

A number of analigous cases of larve of W/usca erythrocephala, and
of Sarcophaga carnaria infesting the nasal passages, the auditory meatus,
or open wounds, are to be found in medical literature. Kuchenmeister
(Manual of Parasites, Eng. trans., 1857, Vol. 2, p. 98) states that in
malignant inflammation of the eyes the larvae of these two species even
nestle under the eyelids, and, in Egypt, for example, produce a very

serious addition to the effects of smallpox upon the cornea.
December, 1906

414 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

GEOMETRID NOTES.
BY RICHARD F. PEARSALL, BROOKLYN, N. Y.

The genus ‘Trichodezia, Warren, established in 1895 (Nov. Zool. 11,
Part 2, page 119), will now contain ¢wo of our species. In a former
paper (CaN. Ent., Vol. 38, p. 38) I stated that Hucheca albovittata,
Guen., should, as Mr, Warren placed it, be recognized as the type of this
genus, and ventured to predict that Hucheca Californiata, Pack.,
would go with it. Since then, through the kindness of Mr. Beiitenmuller,
of the Amer. Museum of Nat. History, N. Y., I have received a male of
this species, and find the peculiar generic characters present. These
principal characters are the venation of the hind wings and the peculiar

brush of upturned hairs upon the under side above the inner margin, and

near the base of the primaries in the male. In an arrangement of the

genera, it will find a natural position somewhat remote from Zuchaca.
Many other genera contain material as widely variant. Orthofidonia, with
exornata, Pack., as its type, is an instance, for seméclarata, Walk., and
vestaliata, Guen., which Dr. Hulst places under it, while closely related
to each other, are not congeneric with exornata.

Mr. Edward Meyrick, in his “ Classification of the Geometrina of the
European fauna, 1892,” was closely followed and frequently quoted by
Dr. Hulst in 1896. Mr. Meyrick says: ‘‘The constant and uniform

anastomosis of veins 9, 10 and 11 of fore wings also affords a very

distinctive feature, equally absolute, . . . . . it has the effect of
producing a constant auxiliary cell,” which he terms the areole. While
this may be true of the European Geometridz, our species seem less stable
in their structure. In treating some time ago of the genus Nyctobia, Hst.
(Can. Enr., Vol. 36, p. 210), I pointed out the Variation in number of
accessory cells in the wing of WV. Zimitaria. Walk., and the inconsistency
prevails, it seems, in other members of the Lobophora group. My
attention was called to this fact by Mr. J. A. Grossbeck, who in an
endeavour to identify some material, with specimens of PAilopsia nivigerata

~canavestita, Pears., in the Hulst collection, found the cells variable in

December, 1906

—o ser

a

THE CANADIAN ENLOMOLOGIST. 415

the individuals there gathered. One had a single celi, the other two had
two cells each.

Now, the only point in which the genus Plopsia, Hulst, differs
from Za//edega, Hulst, is in the number of accessory cells, and as these
have proven inconstant in other material which I have examined, it follows
that one of these genera must fall.

_ Philopsia having priority of page, though not of date, will stand, and
Talledega becomes a synonym of it, the species under it being transferred
to Philopsia.

In support of this view, I will state that last spring I received from
Middle California several specimens, which I at once supposed to be
dark, weli-marked individuals of canavestita, but on a close examination I
found they all had fz accessory cells, and, therefore, must go into

Talledega. 1 had seen a single specimen from the same region among
materiil sent me by Dr. Barnes, and I came near describing them as new,
but the key to the trouble was in the variable accessory cell, and its
solution works out the change I have indicated.

BOOK NOTICE.

Gut INSETTI, LORO ORGANIZZAZIONE, SVILUPPO, ABITUDINI E RAPPORTI
coLL uomo.—By Prof. Antonio Berlese, Director of the Royal Station
for Agricultural Entomology in Florence. Milan, Societa Editrice
Libraria, 1906. Published in parts at one lire each.

With such excellent recent general American books on insects as
those of Kellogg and Folsom, it would seem difficult for a book in a
foreign language to meet any great demand in this country, yet the
excellent work of Professor Berlese, of which seventeen parts have already
been published, will undoubtedly prove a very important addition to the
libraries of all institutions in which advanced morphology is being studied,
and in all laboratories in which the study of insects is undertaken from
any point of view.

Berlese is a master, a man of broad ideas, thorough training,
admirable in technique, clear in demonstration, an excellent writer, and a
capable draftsman. His work when completed will be both sound and
comprehensive. It will comprise two volumes, of which the first will in a

416 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

general way contain the anatomy and the second the biology of insects.
‘The first volume will consist of from seven to eight hundred pages, and
will be accompanied by about one thousand figures. Of these, 550 pages
have been published in seventeen parts, and the printed parts contain six
hundred figures and four plates.

The subjects considered in the first yolume, by chapters, are :

I. Brief history of entomology.
II. Size of insects.
III. Plan of the insect structure.
IV. Embryology in general.
V. Morphology in general.
V1. Exoskeleton.
VII. Endoskeleton,
VIII. Muscular system.
IX. Integument and its structure.
X. Glands.

There still remain to be published chapters on the nervous system
and organs of sense, organs of digestion, organs of circulation, organs. of
respiration, organs of secretion, and sexual organs. In the part already
completed the chapters on morphology are marvels of detail and thorough-

ness. The work itself is a large octavo, and more than ninety pages are
devoted, for example, to the study of the exoskeleton of the head, while
nearly eighty pages are occupied with the treatment of the muscular
system. Nearly all of the numerous and strikingly apt illustrations are
original, having been drawn by Dr. Berlese himself. Each section of the
work is followed by a very compiete bibliography, and the author has
shown a perfect knowledge of the work of other men, the publications of
American authors having been considered and studied with a thoroughness
quite unusual among European authors.

The second volume, which has been reserved for the treatment of the
biology of insects, will contain a careful consideration of all questions of
economic importance, and it will undoubtedly be of interest to learn from
this work Berlese’s final views on the subject of parasitism, and especially
the relations of insects and birds, upon which point he has long been at
odds with other Italian zoologists. L. O. Howarp.

Mailed December roth, 1906,

.
:
;

INDEX TO VOLUME XXXVIII

Abacobia carbonella, 348.
Academy of Science of St. Louis,
Achylodes Melcheri, n. sp., 176
Acidalia subalbaria and some allied
forms, IIT.
Acknowledgments, 134.
Acroneuria pumila, n. sp., 335-
Adelpha Orinoco, n. sp., 76.
<Edes auratus, n. sp. (figs.), 313-

‘< pertinax, n. sp. (figs.), 316.
“Eschna, Ontario species, 149, 150.
“Eschnidz, Ontario species, 108,
<Ethilla Buffumi, n. sp., 174.
African Homoptera, new, 154.
Agallia sanguinolenta, 410.
Agapostemon, Synopsis of species, 304.
Agrion resolutum, 108.
Agrioninz, Ontario species, 107. |
AINSLIE, C. N,, articles by, 44,
Alabama (Aletia) argillacea, 220.
Alberta, list of Lepidoptera of, 45, 89, |

25
Abana pyramidalis, 266.
Amphiagrion sancium, 107.
Amydria, notes on, 347.
Anacampsts nonstrigella, n. sp., 121.
Anagoga pulveraria, 263.
Anax junius, 15¢.
Another Geometrid tangle, 70, 118.
Ants in houses, to get rid of, 7o.
Andrena metallica = metallescens, n.
nom., 166.
Andrena succinta, 166.
Annemoria bistriaria, 257. |
Anomalon pseudargioli, 181.
Anopheles crucians, 296.,
Anthophora, species from Washington
State, 277. |
Aphidz, Catalogue of genera and list of
new species from 1885 to 1905, 9, |
135, 202.
Aphodius larrea, 146.
A pumilus, 146.
Aphrophora parallela, 409.
Saratogensis, 409.
Apis fasciata = mellifera Lamarckiz,
n. nom., 166.
Apis zonata = dorsata Binghami, n.
nom., 166.
Aplodes Hudsonaria, n. sp., 206, 257.
Apocheima Rachelle, 263.
Aradus Behrensi, 198.
“ cincticornis, Nn. sp., 198.
‘* concinnus, 198,

US.

149.

Z7/'5¢

Aradus Falleni, 200.
*¢ _-gracilicornis, 200.
cs Heidemanni, n. sp., 200.
‘* Hubbardi, 198.
“ niger, 200.

Aspidiotus oxycoccus, n. sp. (fig.), 73-
AS perniciosus, (fig.), 292.
Aspidiotus pseudospinosus, n. sp. (fig),

75
Athysanus parallelus, 410.

oh striatulus, 410.

ss vaccini, 410.
Argia, Ontario species, 107.
ASHMEAD, W. H., article by, 294.
Augochlora fervida, 162.
Austrian Pine, Retinia attacking,
Autographa Sackeni, 45.

Snowi, 45.

Azelina ancetaria, 265.

362.

Banasa dimidiata, 406.
BANKS, NATHAN, articles by, 221, 335-

Barathra curialis, life-history (plate),
381.

Barathra occidentata, 381.

BARNES, WILLIAM, article by, 62.

Bean Weevil (fig.), 365.

Bed-bugs, 66.

Bees from Washington State, 277.

‘* new Rocky Mountain, 160.
*¢ new species, 282.

Bees of Oregon, Washington and Brit-
ish Columbia, 297.

Beetles of early May (figs.), 156.

Belostoma fluminea, life-history,

Bembecia marginata, 266.

BERGROTH, E., article by, 198.

BETHUNE, C. J. S., articles by, 64,
156, 180, 213, 238, 287, 353-

BLACKMORE, ELSIE, articles by, 127,
210.

BLATCHLEY, W. S., article by, 267.

Blepharipus Columbia, n. sp., 380.

Bombus iridis phacelie, n. var., 160.

Bombycia Tearlii, 51.

Book Notices, 24, 64, 148,
Seas

Boulder Reveries: Blatchley, 352.

Boyeria vinosa, 149.

Brachyrrhinus = Mezira, 202.

189.

180, 286,

BRADLEY, J. CHESTER, articles by, 356,

IA
-

STE a5:
Brephos infans, 265.

418 INDEX TO VOLUME XXXVIII.

Bruchus obtectus (fig.). 365
BUENO, J. R. dela T., articles by, 189,
Buffalo Carpet-beetle (figs.), 67.
“Bulletin of the B. C. Entemological
Society, 180.
BuSscK, AUGUST, articles by, 121, 211,
ED epee
Butterflies of the West She of the
United States: Wright, 6
Byrsopolis Chihuahue, 21.
oe lanigera, 21.
Bythoscopus fenestratus, 410.
a pruni, 410.

Calocalpe (Hydria) undulata, 91.
Colopteryx zequabilis, 106.

Wy maculata, 106.
Calgsoma calidum, 158 (fig.).
Campometra paresa, n. sp., 236.

Ee protea, n. sp., 234.
Canthon vigilans, 146.

Capnini, table of genera, 224.
Carab, a rare, 267.
Carpenter Bees from Africa, 364.
Carpet-beetles (figs.), 67.
Caterpillar hunting in June, 186.
Cathedra = Pristiopsis, 155.
Catocala briseis, 50, 220.

< cratzgi, 220.
preclara, 220.
relicta, 50, 220.
unijuga, 50.
var. Fletcheri, 50.
CAUDELL, A. N., articles by, 136, 204.
Celithemis elisa, 152.

os eponina, 152.
Ceratina nannula, 165.

‘* Neomexicana, 165.
Ceresa brevicornis, 408.

Cerma marina, n. sp., 226.
Chetopsylla setosus, N. Sp. Ug), 321.
CHAGNON, G., Sages by, 8, 59.
Cheese-mites (fig. ), 6
Chionaspis furfurus (fe. ), 29
Chionea valga, 275.
Chromagrion conditum, 107.
Cicadula lepida, 411.

ar sex-notata, 411.
Cicindela flavopunctata, 147.

se modesta, burrows of, 120.
pimeriana, 147.
pulchra, 147.
rugifrons, burrows of, 120.
scutellaris, 147.
Cicndelas of early May, 156 (figs.).

oe

oe

ae

ae

ae

“e

se

oe

Cicindeliden, Systematischer Index der:
W. Horn, 24.
Cinglis ancellata, 256.
‘¢ fuscata, 402.
Cixius coloepium, 408.
‘¢ pini, 408.
stigmatus, 4o8.
table of species, 4o8.
CLARKE, W. T., article by, 351.
Clastophora obtusa, 409.
ms proteus, 409.
Cleora indicataria, 179.
‘« umbrosaria, 178, 403.
Clerus bimaculatus, 21.
Clothes-moths (fig.), 68.
Coccidz, new species, 329.
Coccid genus Eulecanium, 83.
Coccus, type of the genus, 125
Ccelestethus alternatus, 146.
Coenocalpe mgnoliata, 254.
oS polygrammata, 254.
topazata, 254.
COCKERELL, T. D. A., articles by, 83,
160, 209, 277, 364.
Coleoptera, collecting notes on, 145.
Coleoptera, new, from the South-west,
113.
Coleoptera not hitherto recorded as
taken in Canada, 96.
Colletes brachycerus, n. nom., 44.
brevicornis, 44, 166.
clypeontiens, 0. Sp., 39-
ochraceus, n. Sp., 42.
petalostemonis, n. Sp., 40.
pulcher, n. sp., 43-
rufithorax, n. Sp. 42.
Colletes salicicola, subsp. geraniz, n
163.
Colletes solidaginis, n. sp., 40.

‘© Tucsonensis, 0. Sp., 163.
Coloborrhynchus = Coloborrhinus, 202.
Comstock, J. H., article by, 355-
Gonneenn tis Apisonecus n. Sp-, 340.

ee

“ce

ae

“ce

ov.,

“ ecarinatus, N. Sp-, 340.
i table of species, 341-
3 Texanus, 1. Sp-, 342.
Conotrachelus tuberculicollis, n. sp.,
339:
Cook, J. H., articles by, 141, 181, 214,
(plates).

CoguILLeTT, D. W., article by, 60.
Cordulegaster, Ontario species, 149.
Cordulia Shurtleff, 151.
Cordulinze, Ontario species, 149.
Coriscus inscriptus, 407.

2 vicarius, 407.
Corixa Florissantella, n. sp., 209.

INDEX TO VOLUME XXXVIII. , 419

Correction: Psinidia sulcifrons to P.
fenestralis, 204.
CosENS, A., article by, 362.
Cossus Centerensis, 266.
‘* populi, 266.
Cotalpa lanigera (fig.), 159.
CRAWFORD, J. C., articles by, 4, 282,
2 Te
Crepidodera longula, 145.
Crocisa atra = Frieseana, n.
166.
Crossy, C. R., article by, 308.
Cryptine genus, new, from Cuba, 294.
Cryptorhynchus lacteicollis, 343.
Cte ep syiiits hamifer, n. sp. (fig.), 324.
selents, n. sp. (fig.), 322.
Culex Curriei, 28, 129.
‘* fatigans, 167.
Fricktt, n. Sp., 132.
Hassardti, n. sp. (figs.), 167.
secutor, 167.
squamiger, 129, 132.
sylvicola, n. sp., 129.
Culicidze from the West Indies, 60, 311.
Culicidz, the Classification of, 384.
Cyathissa ochracea, n. sp., 225.
Gi quadrate, n. sp., 225.
Cydia grindeliana, n. sp., 211.
Cyvmatodera decipiens, n. sp., 114.
oe delicatula, n. sp., 113.
puncticollis, 113.
tricolor, 21.
umbrina, i. sp., 114.

nom.,

ee
ae

oe

Dargida procinctus, 218.
Dasiapis ochracea, 281.
Davis, M. W., article by, 285.
Davis, W. T., article by, 120.
Debis portlandia, 218.
Deilinia borealis, 258.

42 Brvantaria, 1. sp., 402.
erythremaria, 258, 402.
pacificaria 402.
variolaria, 258.

Delphacissa, new subg. of Delphaco-
des, 155
Delphacodes Anne, n. nom., 156
Kahavalu, n. nom., 156.
Melichart, n. nom., 156.
sinhalanus, n. nom., 156.
tabrobanensis, n. nom., 156.
Delphas concinna =
Anne, n. nom., 156.
Delphax furcata, 408.
Delphax venosus =
nom., 156.

D. Kahavalu, n

Delphacodes |

Dendromyia ? n. sp., 173.

Dewar, W. R., appointment of, 63.

Diastictis, discussion of the genus, 111.
Be brunneata, 260.

denticulodes, 260.

flavicaria, 259.

FHlulstiaria,n.nom., 112, 260.

loricaria, 261.

subalbaria, 260.

sulphurea, 259.

Dichelonycha testaceipennis, 146.

Didymops transversa, 150.

Diedrocephala coccinea, 409.

Dietzia Martinella, n. nom., 348.

Diptera, additional Minnesota, 210.

Dop, F. H. WOLLEY, articles by, 45,
89, 253.

Dolerus Cooke, n.

oe

ae
ce

ae

ce

Sp., 351,
table of species, 352.
Dorocordulia libera, 151.
Drzculacephala Manitobiana, 4o9.
os Novzboracensis, 409.

Dragon-flies and Damsel-flies, 29.
Drasteria conspicua, 46.

fe crassiuscula, 47.
distincta, 47.
erechtea, 46.
Dromogomphus spinosus, 109.
Drosophila sigmoides, 44.
Dyar, H. G., article by, rio.
Dyscia orciferata, 263.
Dytiscus Harrisii, 158 (fig.).

oe

“se

EHRHORN, E. M., article by, 3209.
Embaphion contractum, 146.
Emphoropsis cineraria, 277.
Empoasca atrolabis, 411.
as mali, 411,
unicolor, 411.
Enallagma, Ontario species, 107.
Ennomos magnarius, 264.
Entomological meetings at
Rouge, La., 361.
Entomological Society of America, or-
ganization, 356.
Entomological Society of America, pro-
posed Constitution, 357.
Entomological Society of Ontario, An-
nual Meeting, 353.

oe .

Baton

Entomological Society of Ontario,
British Columbia Branch, 126, 180,
288.

Entomological Society of Ontario,
Guelph Branch, 7, 72, 128.

Entomological Society of Ontario,

Quebec Branch, 376.

120 ’

Entomological Society of Ontario,

regular meeting's, 359.

Entomological Society of Ontario, re-

moval to Guelph, 213.

Entomological Society of Ontario, To-

ronto Branch, 127, 210.

Entomological Society, Proceedings of

the Hawaiian, 148.

Entomologists’ Union, a North Ameri-

can, 1.
Entomology, Biological and Economie:
Folsom, 286.
Entomology,
used : Smith, 287.
Entomology of the Selkirk Mountains,
BriGaes7is
Entomology, Practical and Popular,
29, 65, 137) 156, 186, 239, 289, 349,
365:
Entomology, To all interested—pro-
posed new Society, 355. ;
Enypia Packardata, n. sp., 403.
Eois anticaria, 111.
‘¢ Hanhami, 257.
“* inductata, 256, 402.
‘© persimilis, 256.
Epelis Faxonii, 258.
‘* truncataria, 258.
Epeolus interruptus, 166,
Epermenia tmpertalella, n. sp., 124.
Epizschna heros, 149.
Epicnaptera Americana, 54.
Epicnaptera Americana, var. ferru-
ginea, 54.
Epicordulia princeps, 150.
Epimecis virginiaria, 179.
Epizeuxis Americalis, 50.
Erastria panatela, 46.
Eriococcus bahia, n. sp., 330.
ey Cataline, n. sp., 332.
He Howardi, n. sp., 331-
Erebus odora, 50.
Errata, 135.
Estola picta, n. nom., 21.
Eucestia fuscata, n. SP) /275+
Euchlaena astylusaria, 265.
Si Johnsonaria, 265.
obtusaria, 264.
pectinaria, 264.
Euchoeca albovittata, 91, 414.
Euchceca comptaria, a further note on,
203.
Euchoeca comptaria muddle, note on,
10.
Euchceca comptaria, whatit really is, 33.
Euchoeca, condensata, 110, 204.

oe

oe

Ixplanation of Terms

|

INDEX TO VOLUME XXXVIII.

Euchoeca cretaceata, gt.
Eucheca exhumata, n. sp., 36, 110,

204.
Euchceca lucata, 204.

ss Pearsalli, n. nom., 110, 204.

ue perlineata, 33, 101, 203.

as salienta, 33, 101, 204.

ne unipecta, 35, 110.

Euclidia annexa, 4g.

** cuspidea, 49.
Eucrostis viridipennata, 257.
Eucymatoge, anticaria go, 101.

66 intestinata, gr.
“ ' Vancouverata,n. SPp., 397-
‘e vitalbata, 91.

Eufidonia notataria, 258.
Eulecanium, table of species, 83.

s the Coccid genus, 83.
Eulema = Eulazema, 166.
Eumelicharia, n. nom. = Walkeria,

Mel., 156:
Euperia fulvago, 218.
Eupithecia adornata, n. sp., 104.

Ue Alberta, n. sp., 103.

me borealis, 89, 101.

ub Bryanti, n. sp., 392.

ae casloata, 89, 102.

Es castigata, go, 102.

Be cretaceata, IOI.

a Dodata, n. sp., 103.

ie Dyarata, n. sp., 101, 390.
sy Hanhami, n. sp., 391-

Re Harveyata, n. sp., 390:

ee insignificata, . Sp., 394-
ie lariciata, 395.

Sc modesta, N. Sp., 393+

ae multiscripta, ror.

Aue multistrigata, 90, 104, 391.
Be nimbicolor, 90, 101.

a obumbrata, 0. Sp., 393.

As olivacea, n. sp., 389-

Se perbrunneata, n. Sp., 395:
vi ravocostaliata, 90, 101.

By Regina, n. sp., 89, 102.
Eupithecia, species occurring at Cal-

gary, IO1.
Eupithecia sublineata, n. var.? 395.
oe Youngata, n. sp., 404.

Euselasia Howland, n. sp-, 79:
Eutrapela alciphearia, 265.
Eutricha Owent, n. sp., 62.
Eustroma destinata, 91.

es nubilata, 92.
is Harveyata, n. sp., 398.
st Packardata, 91.

a populata, 91, 399.
propulsata, gr.

. <inie

INDEX TO VOLUME XXXVIII.

Eustroma testata, 91.

Euvanessa antiopa, pupation of, 411.
Euxoa esta, n. sp., 227-

Evans, J. D., article by, 96.
Experimental Farms, Report of, 180.

FALL, H. C., article by, 113.
FERNALD, Mrs. M. E., article by, 125.
Fleas (fig.), 66.

‘* Three new Canadian (figs.), 321.
FLETCHER, JAMES, articles by, 381, 411.
Flour mites and beetles, 69.

Fruva fasciatella, 46.
Fy.Les, THomMas W., article by, 137.

Gelechia fondella, n. sp., 122
Geometrid moth, a European in Can-
ada, 220.
Geometrid moths from Alberta, new,
205.
Geometrid moths, new N. American,
272.
Geometrid moths taken at Temagami
Lake, 94.
Geometridz, new, from British Colum-
bia, 389.
Geometridz, notes on, 414,
Gisson, A., articles by, 186, 365, 381.
GIRAULT, A. A., article by, 81.
Gli Insetti: Berlese, 415.
Gluphisia Lintneri, 52.
fs septentrionalis, 52.
Gnathodus viridis, 411.
Gomphus, Ontario species, 109.
Gonatopus cyphonotus, n. sp., 380.
GRABHAM, M., articles by, 167, 311.
Grabhamia de Neidmannii, 132.
Greeleyella Beardsleyi, 164.
GROSSBECK, J. A., articles by, 129, 272,
285.
Gryllus campestris, 207.
‘* tegminal position in, 207.
Gynzphofa Rossii, 52.
Gypona flavilineata, 409.
** — Quebecensis, 409.
Gypsochroa designata, 254.

Habrosyne scripta, 51.

Hadena bultata, n. sp., 228.

HaiGut, D. H., article by, 94.

Hagenius brevistylus, 108.

Halictus atriventris, n. sp.,
303.

Halictus Birkmannti, n. Sp. 5:

298, 300,

|
|
|
|
|

421

Halictus Cooleyi, n. sp., 298, 299, 301.
et Cordley?, n. sp., 298, 299, 302.
“ Fedorensts, n. Sp., 4.
lineatulus, 1. SP. 5.
nigricornis, 166.

Pecosensis, n. sp., 6., 63.
Provancheri, 303.
priinostformis, N. sp., 284.

“

ae

oe

es Robertsoni, n. sp., 4.
o synopsis of species, 297.
as testaceus, 166,

trizonatus, 303.
Vachali, n. sp., 297, 300.
Halipus squamosus, 145.
Halisidota carye (fig.), 188.
es maculata (fig.), 188.
Haltica rufa at Mt. St. Hilaire, P.Q., 8.
Harpalus caliginosus, 158 (fig.).
Harpyia albicoma, 52,
as modesta, 51.
an scolopendrina, 51.
Hawaiian Entomological Society, 145.
HEATH, E. F., article by, 218.
Helocordulia Uhleri, 151.
Hemiptera, aquatic, life-histories of,
189, 242.

Hemiptera, notes on American, 198.
Hemiptera, Pagiopodous, corrections
to list of genera, 372.
Hemiptera taken near Lake Tema-

gami, 406.
Hemipterous superfamily
Classification, 369.
Hepialus hyperboreus, 267.
Himella flosca, n. sp., 231.
Himera pennaria, occurrence in Mani-

toba, 220.
Histagonia Marxi, n. sp., (figs.), 309.
Homoptera lunata, 220.

£8 new, from Africa, 154.

Homopyralis edilis, n. sp., 237:
House-flies, 65.
Household Insects, 65.
HowarbD, L. O., article by, 415.
Howardina aureostriata, n. sp., 171.

EA Walkeri, 170.
Hyaloscotes fragmentella, 265.
Hydnocera affiliata, n. sp., 117.

$s cribripennis, n. sp., 116.
cvanttincta, n. sp., 116.
plagifera, n. sp., 115.
sobrina, n. sp., 117.
Hydriomena autumnalis, 253, 400.
fydriomena autumnalis Columbiata, n.

var., 399.
Hydriomena custodiata, 253.
ot manzantta, n. sp., 400.

ee

miroidea,

‘6
oe

ee

£22

INDEX TO VOLUME XXXVIII.

Hydriomena multiferata, 253.
9

Ep nubilifasciata, 253.
sc quinquefasciata, 253.
re ruberata, 253, 400.
4 sordidata, 253.

ne trifasciata, 253, 400.

Hymenoptera, new Aculeate, 379.
Hypena humuli, 50.

ue a var. albopunctata, 51.
Hypereeschra stragula, 51.
Hyperitis amicaria, 264.

7 notataria, 264.

eh trianguliferata, 264.

Idiocerus Provancheri, 410.

us suturalis, var. lunaris, 410.
Incisalia Augustus, 214 (plate).
Ss Henrici, 141, 181.
i irus, 141 (plate), 181.
Incisalia irus, Hymenopterous para-
site, 181.
Incisalia, Studies in the genus, 141, 181.
Incurvaria rheumapterella = Prodoxus |

Coloradensis, 348. |
Ischnura, Ontario species, 108.
Isia Isabella (figs.), 137.
Tsoperla longiseta, n. sp., 337-

3 sordida, 0. Sp., 337:
Ithomia Drogheda, n. sp., 75.

Janthinosoma echinata, n. sp. (fig.), 311.

Jarvis, T. D., articles by, 7, 128, 239, |
289, 349: ‘

Jones, D. H., article by, 352.

Kermes Rattani, n. sp., 329.

KING, G. B., article by, 325.

KIRKALDY, G. W., articles
154, 202, 360.

KNAUS, W., article by, 145.

by, 9, 1355

Lachnosterna alpina, 148.

Ladona Julia, 153.

Lanthus albistylus, 108.

Larder-beetles, 68. |

Lasiocampid, new, from Arizona, 62.

Lepidoptera, new South American, 76, |
ae mah ies

Lepidoptera of Alberta, list of, 45, 80,
253°

Lepidoptera taken at Temagami Lake. |
94+

Lepidoptera taken in Manitoba (1995),

218.
Leptomeris quinquelinearia, 256.
sentinaria, 256.
ee

subfuscata, n. sp., 402.

Lepyronia quadrangularia, 409.

Lestes, Ontario species, 106.

Leucorhinia, Ontario species, 152.

Leuctra grandis, 0. sp., 338.

Libellula, Ontario species, 153.

Libellulidae, Ontario species, 150.

Liburnia frontalis = Delphacodes sin-
halanus, n. nom., 156.

Liburnia fumipennis = D. Melichari, n.
nom., 156.

Liburnia pallidula = D. taprobanensis,
n. nom., 156.

Ligyrocoris contractus, 406.

Lobophora halterata, 118.

af inequaliata, 70, 118.
os montanata, 70, 118.
oe nivigeérata, 70, 118.

LOCHHEAD, W., article by, 65.

Locust Mite (figs.), 349.

LuDLOw, C. S., articles by, 132, 185,
296, 326, 367.

Eupz,'F. ., article by,! 207.

Lycia cognataria, 263.

Lygus, Lake Temagami species, 407.

Lyman, H. H., article by, 1, 140.

Lypsimena tigrina, 20.

Lythrodes minutissima, 1. Sp. 234-

MacGILtivray, A. D., article by, 305.
Macrolophus separatus, 407.
Macromia Illinoiensis, 150.
Malacosoma Americana, 53.

‘ disstria, 54.

is fragilis, 53.
Mamestra sareta, n. sp., 229.

a fuana, nN. Sp., 229.

Meal-worms, 69.
Megachile pruinosa, 166.
Melalopha albosigma, 51.

“ apicalis, 51.

os Brucei, 51.
MELANDER, A. L., article by, 286.
Melanoconion Urichii, 61.
Melipotis limbolaris, 49.
Mesene Rochesteri, n. sp. 77:
Mesoleuca albolineata, 94.

se ceesiata, 93.
gratulata, 93.

Hy hersiliata, 94.

+ intermediata, 64.
“ lacustrata, 93.

‘Mesoleuca silaceata, 94.
a truncata, 94.

“S vasaliata, 94.

INDEX TO VOLUME XXXVIII. 423
Ochodeus inarmatus, n. sp., 270.
Us planifrons, n. sp., 269.
se presidii, n. sp., 270.
Odonata, Classification into families

Mesothemis simplicicollis, 153.

Mesotrichia mixta, 364.

Mesquite, Coleoptera bred from, 145.

Metanema determinata, 265.

ss inatomaria, 265.

Metrocampa perlata, 264.

Meztra Jamatcensts, n. Sp., 201.

Micrathyria berenice, 153.

Miris affinis, 407.

Miroidea, Classification and nomen-
clature of the Hemipterous super-
family, 369.

Mites affecting Farm homesteads, 239.

Mochlostyrax Jamaicensis, n. sp. (fig.),
318.

Mompha Engelella, n. sp., 123.
es stellella, n. sp., 123.

Monolocoris filicis, 407.

MorriLu, A. W., article by, 361.

Mosquito, an Alaskan, 326.

Mosquitoes, 66.

Mosquitoes, notes and descriptions, 27,
GOmNreOe {2 eO7 LSS. 200,- 311,
326, 367.

Mosquitoes, the Classification of, 354.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 289 (figs.).

Nannothemis beiia, 152.
Nehalennia irene, 107.
Nemourini, table of genera, 224.
Neolexia speciosa, 92.
Eg xylina, 92.
Neopasites Robertsoni, n. sp., 283.
Nesolinoceras, n. gen., 294.
ne espint, nN. Sp., 295.
Neurocordulia Yamaskanensis, 150.
Noctuidz, new species for 1906, 225.
Noctuid Moths taken at Temagami
Lake, 94.
Nomada Jennet, n. sp., 281.
“e ornithica, n. sp., 161.
Nomada superba = chrysopyga Per-
eziana, n. nom., 166.
Nomenia 12-lineata, 33, 110, 203.
re untpecta, N. Sp., 35, 110, 204.
ie ae var.secunda, 37, 110.
Nomia Melandri, n. sp, 279.
Notodonta simplaria, 51.
Notolophus antiqua, 53.
Nymphidium Blakei, n. sp., 78.

Ochodeus estriatus, n. sp., 271.

(figs), 29.
Odonata, list of Ontario species, 105,
149.
Olene plagiata, 53.
Oncideres cornuticeps, n. Sp., 20.
ss table of species, 18.
Oliarus Bouakeanus, n. sp., 155.
Ophiogomphus rupinsulensis, 108.
O'Reillia, Ludlow = Etorleptiomyia,
Theobald, 18s.
Ormenia marginata =
nom., 156.
Orthezia Californica, n. sp., 329.
Orthodea gigas, nN. Sp., 230.
Orthdfidonia semiclarata, 258.
Orthoptera from Canadian Northwest,

epilepsis, n.

ied

DoF
Orthosia discolor, 218.

es paleacea, 218.
punctirena, 218.
Orthotylus chlorionis, 408.
Osmia hypocritica, n. sp., 160.

‘© Neomexicana, 161.
Osten Sacken, death of Baron,
Otiocerus Coquerberti, 408.
Oyster-shell Bark-louse (figs.), 289.

ee

Pachydiplax longipennis, 153.
Pamphila Bryanti, n. sp., 175.
‘s Chinoba, n. sp., 175-
Paraphia subatomaria, 262.
PEARSALL, R. F., articles by, 33;. 71,
118, 178, 414.
Perdita Cockerelli, n. sp., 282.
Peridromia saucia, 218.
Perla luctwosa, n. sp., 336.
Perlidze, new species, 335 (figs.).
ae notes on classification, 221.
we table of tribes, 222.
Perlini, table of genera, 223.
Perlomyia, n. g., 338.
yy collaris, N. Sp., 338.
Phenacoccus Colemant, n. sp., 332.
Pheosia dimidiata, 51.
Pherne jubararia, 265.
Philobia enotata, 259.
Philometra goasalis, 50.
Philopsia canavestita, n. sp., 118,
se nivigerata, 71, 120, 414.
Phytocoris eximus, 407.
pallidicornis, 407.
Pine-needle moth, a new injurious, 212,

414.

424 INDEX TO VOLUME XXXVIII.

Plagiognathus, Lake Temagami
species, 408.

Plataea trilinearia, 262.

Plathemis Lydia, 154.

Platymetopius acutus, 410.

Platynus quadrimaculatus, 267.

Plemyria Georgii, 93.

he hastata, 93.
a luctuata, 93.
ee sociata, 93.

pe subrosuffusata, 93.
ve tristata, 93.
Plestia Rikkawat, n. sp., 177.
Podisus serieventris, 406.
Pcecilocapsus lineatus, 407.
Polia confragosa, 219.
Polycesta, angulosa, 23.
ef Arizonica, n. sp., 21.
a Californica, 22.
elata, 22.
velasco, 23.
y table of species, 23.
Practical and Popular Entomology, 29,
65, 137, 156, 186, 239, 289, 349, 365.
Prionoxystus robiniz, 2
Priophorus acericaulis, n. sp., 305, 306.
ye zequalis, 305, 306.
simplicicornis, 305.

ee

a solitaris, 305, 307.
Priophorus, table of American species,
395:

Progona = Mea, n. nom., 348.

Prosopis frontalis = Fedtschenkoi, n.
nom., 165.

Prosopis Morawitzi =
nom., 165.

Pseudoparasitism by Dipterous larvze,
413.

Pseudococcus Juniperi, n. Sp., 333-

Pseudothyatira cymatophoroides, var.
expultrix, Ble

Psinidia fenestralis and sulcifrons, 204.

Psylla carpini, 411.

Pteronarcini, table of genera, 223.

Publication of descriptions of
species—a protest, 140.

Pulvinaria, larvae of some species, 325,

ms amygdali, 326.

Cockerelli, 325.

a Ehrhorni, 326.

occidentalis, 325.

pluchee, n. sp., 334.

Tinsleyi, 3

viburni, 32

Pereziana, n.

new

25:
O:

QUAYLE, H, J., article by, 27.

Rachela Bruceata, 89.

Ranatra quadridentata, life-history, 242.
Reabotis immaculalis, 46.

Recurvaria pinella, n. sp., 212.

Renia Hutsoni, n. sp., 237.

Retinia Austriana, n. sp., 362.
Rheumaptera (Plemyria) hastata, 93.
Rhinocapsus Vanduzei, 407.
Rhyncophora, new species, 339.
RILEY, W. A., article by, 413.
Ripersia Kelloggi, n. sp., 334-

Roach, new, from the Philippines, 136.
ROTHSCHILD, N. C., article by, 32

Sabulodes lorata, 265.

Salganea humeralis, n. sp., 136.

San Jose scale (figs.), 292.
Sarcophaga carnaria, 413.

Saunders, Dr. Wm., made aC. M.G., 3.
Saw-fly, new species, 351.
Scale-insects, new (figs.), 373.
Scaphoideus Anne, n. sp., 154.

it immixtus, 410.
SCHAEFFER, CHAS., articles by, 18, 260,
339:

Sciagraphia continuata, 259.
denticulata, 259.
granitata, 258.
ss mellistrigata, 259.
Scurfy Bark-louse (fig.), 291.
Selenia alciphearia, 265.
Selidosema umbrosarium, 178, 263.
Setagrotis dolens, n. sp., 226.
Setomorpha, notes on, 347.
SHERMAN, FRANKLIN, article by, 29
Sicya crocearia, 263.
“*macularia, 263.
SMITH, JOHN B., article by, 225.
Snow fly (Chionea valga), 275.
Somatochlora elongata, 151.
a forcipata, 151.
Somatolophia Haydenata, 179.
Sphecodes Columbia, n. sp., 280.

ne eustictus, 1. Sp., 162.
iy gracilior, 166.
a Pecosensis, 165.

i Sophize, 165.
Sphinx luscitiosa, 59.
Spilomena alboclypeata, n. Sp., 380.
Spined Rustic, life-history (plate), 381.
Spittle insects, Guests of, 44.
Spodolepis substriataria, 262,
Spragueia tortricina, 46.
Slegomyvia Busckit, n. sp., 60.

2 fasciata, 167.

4 mediovitiata, 1. sp., 60,

INDEX TO

VOLUME XXXVIII.

425

Stenaspilates flavisaria, 0. sp., 272.
ut Smithiz, n. sp., 273.
Sthenopis argenteomaculatus, 266.°
ve quadriguttatus, 267.
SWENK, Myron H., article by, 39.
Sympetrum, Ontario species, 152.
Sympherta Julia, 261.
Synchlora glaucaria, 257.
Syneda Athabasca, 49.
4 Hudsonica, 50.
Synelys enucleata 255.
Syngrapha devergens, 45.
ae ignea, 46.
Synonym in Culicidz, 185.
Tzeniorhynchus Sierrensis, 132.
Tzeniorhynchus squamiger, notes on,
Ar), GO
Teniorhynchus palliatus, n. sp., 61.

Talledega inequaliata, 70, 118.

Bu montanata, 71, 89, 118.
Talledega montanata, var. magnolia-

toidata, 71, 120.
Talledega nivigerata, 70, 118, 415.

Oe tabulata, rg.
TayLor, G. W., articles by, 1o1, 111,

203, 205, 220, 389.
Tephroclystis (Eupithecia) Regina, 89.
Tetragoneuria, Ontario species, 151.
Tetralonia Douglassiana, n. sp., 278.

Ue Yakimensis, n. sp., 278.
Thamnotettix eburata, 410.

ue inornata, 410.
Smithii, 410.
subcupreus, 410.
waldana, 410.
Theobaldia Alaskaensis, n. sp, 326.
Theone stridula, n. sp., (figs.), 308.
Therasea angustipennis, 46
Theridiidz, new species, 308.
Tinea aflictella, 348.
«* Martinella, 348.

Tineidz, Dr. Dietz's revision, 345.
Tineina, new American, 121.
Tortricid, new, from Texas, 211.
Toxorhynchites argenteotarsis, n.

367.
Tramea Carolina, 154.
Trichodezia albovittata, 414.

oe Californiata, 414.

ee
ec

ce

Sp.,

Trichogramma pretiosa, colour varia-
tion in the adult, 81.

Trichogramma pretiosa, var. nigra, n.
var., 82.

Trichotaphe trinotella, n. sp., 122.

Trichotaphe Washingtoniella,n. sp.,121.

Triphosa indubitata, 254.

Trombidium locustarum (figs.), 349.

Typhlocyba tenerrima, 411.

Tyroglyphus longior, 240.

VAN Duzeg, E. P., article by, 406,
Verrallina insolita, n. sp., 62.
VIERECK, H. L., article by, 297.

WALKER, E. M., articles by, 55, 105,149.

Walkeria, Mel. = Eumelicharia, n.
nom., 156.

Wasps’ Nest, singular locality for, 285.

Water-bug, a Fossil, 209.

Water-bugs, life-histories of, 189, 242.

WEEKS, A. G., articles by, 76, 174.

WickuHaM, H. F., article by, 24.

WILLISTON, S. W., article by, 384.

Wing-vein Nomenclature, 285.

Winter Retreats of Insects, 137.

Woé.u, R. S., article by, 73.

Work for June—Caterpillar hunting,
186.

XanthorhGe abrasaria, 254.
Xanthorhoe circumvallaria, n.

205, 255.
XanthorhGe ferrugata, 255.

ss fossaria, 255.

fluctuata, gor.
incursata, 254.
munitata, 254, gor.
pontiaria, n. sp., 400.
possaria, 1. sp., 401.
Xanthotype crocataria, 264.
Xylina capax, 219.
Xylocopa tarsata, var.

var., 364.

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Zenophleps lignicolorata, 93, 399.
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